New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1864-07-29
ARGUMENT OF An ANXIOUS CUxIE
The People aas. Zen. Dix

santly ignored and denied. py "a cVf'"'N 0'' u 'u'
ctzons who, whilo they nre unwilling 10 eApo'cln''
own persons in the field are yet ahAoas' nay ut'ri
mined to reap and enjoy oil tn" advantages % active
Treason. without earning tho name of Traitors.
The forbearance OF the Government. NOT only 10 hese
uersons those bearing against in the field but
10 those plotting at homc TO aid their bsethern in the
fed-its iorbesrsnce its patience ay even ITS com
pnSson for such persons has been conspicuous IRON '
very beginning.
Before the actual commcnccmcG! u the war Nie
Rebels in arms, with syowod purposes OF ho'.!
TO the Government, yet it was humane5 Gei'IN"'
that While every constitutional means slouiu pe "s'
preserve tho Union TO arrest, il possible ~ no'"'
hut firm mcasgrcs recourse forcoi and iha il inc
c.r,e of war should fall on then happy a'd ~
sLoad at all events not be called dow" ~ any oi'"s'
i've act on The part of the United States
The Governments waited With wonderful patience u"
twas attacked til the cannon Of S"ii OAiohhs we're
discharged against its garrison in Fort Sumter and the
emblem of our sovereignty iraed N The dust and ien
II acted il declared that existed by the acs Of the
Rebels aud called out an army to suppress the Rebel
lion. Thus the war began.
One or two other words preliminary 10 our subject
aud then we will exa,ine tho constitutional questions
involved more closely.
The Rebels contend now and always have ccntsnded.
that they had right to seccde that onr Republic IL
limited partnership not naton that the CONSTITUTION
is not constitution, bat treaty between sovereign
States
The falacv Of these arguments il easily shown 20
those familiar with the Constitution. The states, ~
ccasine he aggregation of CONFERENCE.-The, con-
federation. and in becoming parts a nation WIKI one
sunrcne Government deriving its poyors not from the
several States. but from the whole people OF III United
States formed a constitution not league, Which was
Ior, NJ tbp oviD
the Government So established well definition Of
tie mode in which its Sovereignty was 70 be cScrtcd
This is plain from, the fact that the States surrendered
OIL the essential attributes Of sovereignty to the General
Governments Tho right to make treaties 10 de-
clare war, levy taxes, exercise exclusive
judicial legislative, and executive powers,
were all Of them functions Of sovereign power. The
sue1iance Of their citizens transferred 70 me Cor
eranent Of IRE Union. and they then owed their irst
obedience to tho Constitution Of the United States
which was declared to be the suprer1e law OF the land
and 10 govern and form the rule for decision even @e
a. conflict with the provisions OF State Constitution
How then can State he said to be sovereign whose
citzens owe obedience first to laws made by ITO Con
gress Of tho United States pursuant to the Constitution
OF the United States which laws and Constitution are
declared 10 be paramount to thcse Of any State
What shows most oonclusiYely that the States not
Government of the United States lie right 70 P'nish
stasor-troason not agains. them not against state
but treason against the Government Of tho. Union
Treason exist except where there IS sovereignty
1t is in its very crime against soteresniy
IL then the Government Of the State sovereign
the crime woad be against the State; but treason Is
by the very terms of the Constitution crime against
tho Government of the United States and tho ConstO'
ton contains express delegation Of orfr to The Gov
erameat of the Union to punish it as such treason
The Constitution therefore forms q supreme national
Government between independent sovereign Sictes-
not league 1t is Government of the people made
by the people according its preamble. which re-
cites I'VE tho people Of the United States, Aer form
this Constitution" &c. and IL operates directly upon
the people as individuals and not upon the States as
States Esch Of the states with oil Of the other States
having delegated W the United States by the plain I'M
port Of the language employed the Constitution.
prene sovereignty and ali the powers requisite tc ere
ate a Union and Government invested with such sor
srsigny. which should be unit, any oferse aga inst
r that unity is az oaense against the sovereignty Of The
: Nation, /. o., it is treason
To say that State may secede, is 10 say that tie
Government of the United States is not sovereign tn,
ths Republic is nation that are not one PEG
pie but several peoples loosely acting together On pin
cipes which are no better than anarchy.
But IL Is soccisn 20 declare that any part OF ONE
nation may declare its secession, and total and fna
severance from that nation; 10 declare the dislrte
grafton Of power which Is unit shall proceed 10
further 10 prove that Secession is impobility as
well ss q crime that the supreme and ultimste power
and sovereignty reside in the Government Of the United
sates that allegiance is due H. and may be
y committed against it.
The following Is from Tie CLsis,i,a Adeoe0ts ard
.Jovrno' OF July %. 1864:
No zhtu American have mnch difficulty in solving
tho problem of European opinion re-rectiug the Ameaf
, Blu. the very apparent the certain solution q that p:o9
J. lem f problem may be called gives Il IL ssddes aspect
The assumption hst by the terms Of the National Coined
sfxtcn the right Of Secession i justified, Is speculative
which be seriously s7owed by European
thinkers. They know they Do kHov Tia; IL Is hsg ami
facy The founders Of the Requisite expressly declare that
By the consolidation Of the colon they founded nation
not mere league Of nation. Tie nonsroos sbsrrdie
which logically and inevitably aow from ho opposite theory
forbid any rejecting entertain II Wha. on
such theory becomes national financial credit, Nations
mus. borrow money; all do What security remains
national creditors If any an parts Of nation eeeie
from the national pact dscreoni hat beconcs ofs seo
piss security In periods Of wsrf Its largest smallest section
nsy step asdofofr tbs controversy and rsfe
what Ia ordinary tines becones OF Ia. support Of III.
common government ms commercial any
onent be derssged and defeated by e independence
States having chief ports like Massachusetts with Boston
EowYorl with It's CREST metropolis, Pennsylvania with Phs
depha Maryland with Baltimore Virgins With Norioi,
South Carolins with Chsestcn7 No, no. furopcuu poll
ssns and s.s:esnen know Vol ts. such right Of
e. the amsest possible sophisn that the great
ts American Revolution the preposeroas toos thai
rtiz<dt HeDuf e