davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07
COMPANY A, SECOND IOWA.

The following members of Company
A, Second Iowa. are home on furloughs,
having re.enlisted for three years, as vet
Grams. They all seem to be impressed
with determination to stand by the Gov
ernment until the rebellion is ended.
The health Of the Regiment is repre-
sented as being good
J. G. Wickersham, Andrew J. Luder,
John Mackley, Geo. D. Sayler,
jos. A. N. Collins, Geo. B. Catlin,
John A. Hougb, s. f. Davidson,
John Finerty, H. Mahin,
John w. Long, +. Huffman,
John r. Dimond, VIM. A. Neal,
Jas. l.. Wilson, E. B. Wilsey,
Jas. Kerr, H. s. Dickinson.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

EE- Maj. Gen. Curtis leaves to-day
for Fit. Lsavenworth, Kansas, where he
will establish bis headquarters.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07
Jaspary7, 1884,,
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT IOWA


regular eoufSa OF Medical Lectures will be de-
nrefed In this irstitution, coDmenctr March lm
sS4 and continue sixteen weeks SIX Lectures daily
fe~s Tor oil the Lectures, sad Mairiculaiion. 95,
DEMONSTRATIONS, &o; Graduation. $40; good Bosra
es % TO - pos week Clinical frstrucsion Ia United
States Hospitals Rrataiseus. No charge for Surgical
operations eefyee the Class.
lan6-d&s2B J. c. HUGHES Dean
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

uG+Owing to the breaking of an en-
gine on the K Mt. 2. & M. r. r. yes
terdsy, We received no mails from Bur-
lington and the north.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

Coon FOR RFARMIHGTos.-The township
of Pennington in our neighboring county
of Van Buren, has raised l8 men, its full
quota under the call
Those that stay at home raised a liberal
bounty for those who 20 TO the war, and
everything moves on smooth with our
patriotic friends of Farmington.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

O. MONTH-Agenis VARIED TO sell SEWN,
- - Machines We wIH give eonm is zion Of
Al Machines sold OF en- pley who vail vork 20
tne above wages and al expenses paid.
Fer Particulars address
B0YLAS CO.. General Agents,
'1no-eiA Dxrgufr. MICB
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

Sa- Wanted, immediately. by Seal &
Waterman, a blacksmith that can shoe
horses and iron wagons. If
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

ought to be increased. The character and the
principles of the GATE CRY are well enough
known in Iowa to obviate the necessity of any
special exposition, and appear before the coun-
try as a candidate for public favor on the record
we have already made
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

Hoes FRozRS.-We learn that hum
dreds of hogs were frozen to death on
Thursday night last in the pens, where
they were awaiting shipment along the
line of several of the Illinois railroads
leading into Chicago.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07
THE GATE CITY.
For. 1864.

the Press, we call the attention of the public to
the merits and advantages Of our paper at the
close of the present year, and present
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

shall pass through another Presidential Campaign.
and shall enter upon the policy for the pacifcation
of the Country, and the establishment of the
authority of the Government over the Rebellious
States.
The news and the political discussions of the
coming year promise to be more interesting and
exciting than ever before and the demand for
sound
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

1t will be the object to furnish the latest news
that can be obtained by Telegraph, in addition to
giving summary of
State and General News, Army Core.
spondcncc and Local News.
Thus making the DAILY GATE CITY ofinvalu-
able interest 10 every reading man woman, who
is at all interested in the success of our Country in
this war. Reeolect that loyal newspapers are ac-
complishing much in suppressing the rebellion,
and that person is generally Judged by the tone
of the paper which he reads.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07
Inducements to Subscribe

for it during the coming year. We need not at
tempt to enlighten our readers in regard to the
influence exerted by the Newspaper Press of the
country upon public opinion. We hail with un-
mingled satisfaction the improved tone of public
sentiment in cur vicinity during the past
season, and the verdict of the people of our own
County at the late election in favor Of the War and
the policy of the Government; and are proud
OF the part which the GATE CRY bore in the
contest
The coming year will be distinguished by great
and important erents,-poiitieal and military
for we shall have to record the
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

NOTICE.

The members % tie IOWA INSURANCE COM
PANf are hereby notiued tina; the Annual Meeting
will be held on The second Monday In January next
nj the Office Of the compsay. IN Tie City Of ke4tuk q.
two o'eiosk r. II. zt vhSh Eme board OF ihreecrs
wiIl be elected or the ensuing wear.
OH On Main street, betseen end ard 81
SAMUEL 4. CAREY
Dec H. 1903 -dim Se~-eiary.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07
THE CITY.

TPsee advertisement for Spring Course OF Medical
Lectures.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

FIRE.--A house on Seventh street took
fire yesterday by the falling of a stove,
which was full of coal. There was no one
in the room at the time, and the FIRE had
done considerable damage before it was
discovered, but it was soon exiting nished
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07
L IL E
WEEKLY GATE CITY

VIII be filed with the choicest of reading matter
complied and condensed from the contents of the
Daily, and in point of cheapncss and the quality of
reading matter furnished stands ahead of any paper
in Southern Iowa.
Commercial and Financial.
In this department we shall endeavor to give re-
liable information. Our home Market quotations
will be correced each day by careful ana
responsible Wholesale Merchant. The markets OF
the leading Commercial cities will be reported by
Telegraph.
TERMS:
Daily by Mall. per 5000
months. 400
...........-.-....... LOO
..-... ..-.-....... 60
:" delivered In city by Carrier, per week.. Is
weekly, per Year.. 1.5U
ca SH IN ADvA NOE.
HOWELL d DELAPLAIN,
KBoKUK, IOWA.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

UThe public lands are again beccm-
inR . sonfcs Of the revenae te'the Gev.
ernment.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07
YOUNG AMERICA
COMPANY BALL /!

The Seventh Aarusl Bali OF the Young America
Fire oonpA ny will begiven at the
DEMING HOUSE.
Friday Evening, January 9Th, 1864,
For the Benefit Offhe Poor.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07
MISS A. KING,

MISS A. KING,
4atn Street. between 2d and Sd.
millinery y Dress .Naktssg,
ClOAkS e. SHAWLS,
French and American Flowers. Embroidered Se,s
McuFninr Sete, Collars Laces, Gloves OF III descrfp
tions French Corsets Hoop Skifa, Supporters. and
variety fother Notions. iauS-d
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

ray- The weather has been about as cold
down in St. Louis as here in Keokuk. The
Republican reports the mercury at from
go to 220 below zero on New Years, and
pronounces it the coldest weather expe.
rienced there for more than thirty years
past.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

81 Business of all kinds has been un-
usually brisk for the past few days in our
city, and the ice bridge which now con-
meets us with Illinois is continually
thronged with trains passing and repass-
ing. The number will gradually in
crease as the weather moderates, and
then our citizens can see of what vast
importance 1t will be to the business in
terests of our city to have bridge which
will be permanent the year round.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1864-01-07

SEC. |. There shall be Library Committee Of
Ave, TO be chosen by the Board Of Directors inme-
diately after the election of officers by the Asso-
ciation and subject to the control Of said Board.
SEC. 2. The Committee FIRST elected under tn is
article shall continue in Office until the first regu-
lar meeting Of the Board of Directors. which shall
be ehossn in May 1854. and thereafter the term 81
service shall be one year.
Sec. 5. It shall be the daty Of the Library Com
mittee to keep themselves thoroughly informed Of
the condition of the Library; too that the Lii
brarian faithfully and judicously performs his
duty, aad that the rules for the fegnlasion Of tk<
Library are anly enforced; to hrAish the Board
Of Directors, frcm time to time, with LETS of such
books as in their Judgment ought to be addee 70
the Library to make to the Board any tiinesa en-
suggestions or recommendations concerning the
Library as they may deem necessary or proper x
present to the Board during the week next pre-
ceding the annual meeting Of the ASSOCIATION, az
account Of their doings, together with astatemen
Of the number Of books on hand. the volumes los
| or damaged, the improvements needed, and an,
other facts worthy Of mention in their report
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

Among the Seminole Indians there is q
singular tradition regarln. the white
mar 5 orig I'm and superiority. They say
that when the Great Spirit made the earth.
he also made three men, all OF whom were
fair compIexione,! and that when made,
he led them to the marg in Of small lake,
and babe them leap in and wash One Of
them obeyed, and come out of the water
purer and whittier than before; the second
hesitated moment, during which time
the water, agltated by the first, had been
muddc1, and when he bathed be came
out copper colored; the third did no, leap
until the water became black with mud,
aud be came out wi ID its own color. Then
the Great Spirit laid before them three
packages, aud out Of pity for his mi>for-
tune in color. gave the black man the frs,
choice. He took hold of each of the pack.
ages, and having felt the weight, chose
the heaviest; the copper colored man
then took the next heaviest, leaving the
white man the li.htest When the pack
ages were opened, the first was found to
contain spades AID hoes, and all the i'm
plements of labor; the second enwrapped
hunting, fishing aud warlike apparatus
the third gave the white man pens, ink
and paper--the engines o! the mind and
the real foundation Of the white man
superiority.
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

James B. Clay, son Of Henry Clay, who
died at Montreal on Tuesday night, was
born in the city of Washington in Novem.
Der 1877 received his education at Tran.
sylvania University, i" kentucky, and at
the age of ID was sent to Boston, to learn
n crcantie business. Two years later he
was sent to St Louis aud ut the age of
81 returned to Kentucky. praciicing law
at Lexington in partnership with his faith.
err. In ls49, President Taylor appointed
him charge de A0airs to Lisbon In
1851, he again took up his residence in
Missouri, bat returned to Kentucky in
1853, when he became proprietor OF the
Clay estate in Ashland. In 1857 be was
elected to Congress from his fathers dis
trict in Kentucky At the outbreak Of
the rebellion, he struck hands with the
consprators against the Union, against
the Union, and subsequently fled to Ca.
NADIA Exchange,
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

European advices are to the oath ul:.-
Macmillan will Immediately assume the
sceptre Of Mexico, and will visit Paris in
his imperial capacity. The Spanish gov
ernment will appoint Minister to Mexi,
co as soon as Maximiliau has arrived
There is no change in the Danish ques-
ton. The Prusian Chambers have expires.
sed opposition to the policy of the Minis
terry in separating itself frem the other
German States.
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

ARENAS Ward lectured twenty nights
in California, and cleared $1,000 in gold,
or $40 in greenbacks lie ia coming
home across the plains, and will stop and
have talk with Brigham Young and wives
at Salt Lake City.
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

Gov. Yates claims that Illinois is free
from draft under the Presidents last call,
Is we'll as under all proceeding ones. The
records show a considerable surplus Of
volunteers, exclusive of veterans, and
more volunteers are to be credited, the
ret0rns Of whose enistmen.s have not
come in.
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

The Montreal Vitness asks for scen.
tifc explanation Of The fact that this has
been the mildest winter ever known in tho
Western States, and even a. far South 10
ST. Louis and Washington.
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

The case Of ex-senator Jones, of Iowa,
against Secretary Seward, for false i'm.
prisonment, was recently argued before
the general term of the Supreme Court of
New York, on appeal from the order of
Justice Clarke denying the motion to re !.
move the case to the United States Courts.
Decision was reserved.
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

The breaking up of the ice in Chesa.
peake Bay has let in a large supply Of ne
Oysters, which are now selling in the Bal.
timore market at greatly reduced prices.
1t is also stated that the large amour. of
ice that has been gathered and stored will
very much improve the export oyster
trade during the present year.
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

A Portland paper says, there is ship
belonging to that State, now at sea, forty
three years old, whose first owner, first
master, and first consignee, are all living.
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

LEAP YEAn-This is leap year, and the
ladies' would do well to rememher it. 1t
is their privilege, this year, to pop the
question" to the gentlemen. and conse
quently il there should be any "old maids +"
left bv the next Christmas. it is entirely
owing to their want of enterprise. No
lady can be said to want attractions.
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

If Brigham Young should lose one Of
his five and thirty wives, would he be n
wdower?- Exchange.
No, he would be widow less.
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

There appears to be surplus Of na,u'
raj fools at Des MONIES this winter. An
other evidence of this was the introduction
Of a bill to pay District Judges a round
sum every year for the travelling and "in-
cidenal y expenses. Just as if those
gentlemen were not as we'll able to pay
for their champagne, oysters, &C., as "any
other man. Why not pass bill giving
a new set Of brains to some Of the Mem.
bers? This bill would come under the
head Of "much needed reforms
We clip the above from the Iowa Public
Record, a rabid Republican paper. Tho
editor is undoubtedly familiar with the
mental calibre Of the Iowa Legislators,
as they are all members of the same great
family.
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

A large number Of steamers have been
sunk IN the Mississippi by running ice.
Sioux City register. [volume] (Sioux City, Iowa) 1858-1871, 1864-02-20

is to be preserved, protected and defended
in accordance with, and in pursuance Of
the laws Of the United States, is placed in
his power. The oath does not enlarge his
power. Al Comm ander.iu Chief he is to
do what Commander in Chlef ordinarily
does according to law, being subject
always to my Constitutional restrictions
imposed upon aComm ander ia Chiefund
the Constitution. What q Com m a NJ der in
Chief in England in the country from
which we derive the great principles which
lie At the base Of our free institutions-is
accustomed to do in the execution of his
Office, the President as COMMANDMENT
Chief may do, unless there is some Con.
stitutional or legal restraint, modifying
bis power. The provision that he shall
take care that the laws be faithfully exc.
cuted imposes a duty, rather than confers
a power-the duty is not to make any
lvws, bu. to enforce those which are made
by the legislative department.
1t must be apparent that neither by vir.
tue Of his power as President, nor Of his
oath to defend the Constitution, no: of his
office as Commander in Chief, nor Of bis
duty to take care that the laws be faith.
fully executed-has the President any
powers which conflict with other provis-
ions Of the Constitution or which can be
lawfully exercised in the subversion Of
those provisions, or in the destruction or
change of the rights and institution of any
State. Tie arguments for this Presi1en.
tial power are founded upon an allegation
of military necessity and an assump'
ton that the President is the sole Judge
when military necessity exists; and
what is required by i.-always provided,
that be judges according to the wishes Of
those who assert the exis.ance Of the pow.
er, and urge him to use it.
We have endeavored to expose some of
the fallacies Of the arguments in favor Of
despo,ic emancipation. They present only
a tissue Of miserable sophistry, bad law,
and if possible worse logic.
We do not propose to present other
arguments to show that there is and can
be, no such right as is claimed; It is suf1i.
Glen: at this time to say that no such power
can be derived from any bellgerent right,
or any right of conquest. or from any
argument regarding what may be done in
relation to other property.
Our opposition to this alleged power is
in no degree confined to the object pro-
posed to be accomplished by its exercise,
nor is it merely that it is without warrant
and unconstitutional. But it is, moreover
and beyond all this. that single usurpa-
ton, whateveri it may be, if once admitted
as Constitutional exercise Of authority, is
fraught with danger to the Republic. II
one usurpation Of power is tolerated.
"'Twill be recorded for u precedent.
And many an error by the example
Will rush into the State it cannot be-
We have most ample warning to beware
how we saction the exercise of unlawful
power.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1864-03-22
The Estates of Orphan Children.

The following timely suggestion EN-
braced IN tho Message "i Governor Brown
10 tho Legi-laMre OF Georgia, addresses
itself TO the consideration Of The lsgi.ia
lures Of other States:
On accomnt OF the present depreeintsd
value Of the Confederate securities ] ~
comiSsnd the repeal OF tie iav which au
thsrizss Executors, Administrators and
Trustees to invest the fnnds Of Il oss ~ hon
they represent N these securities. A. the
Law stands !, enables unscrupul1u- tiducia
ry agents, 10 perpeiratc frauds upon lnno'
cent orphans, ana other helpless persons
rrpresenied b, them /; aud ir carct compcis
orphans and those represented by trustee,
10 invest th-ir whole estates in Govern
meni UoDds, which no oihsr class is Iequir
cd 30 do.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1864-03-22

we speak not OF any one dunomination.--
'"e 'e""fk IS true OF all. There has been
"s m"ch zeal and nv little fnaiisism among
'"e 1"u'h-rn clergy rs among the clergy Of
""y 'hho undei The sum. They have never
oeeh Nhiec'rd With the thousand isms which
E"'e swept ike a whirlwtnd over Puritan
Nv" H'e'"ho' ana vet whilst New Eng
'''u ana 'he North are almost submerged
os 'h"ueHtS, suc' has been the Intelligent
oeNo'loh "t th" S""thern clergy to their
""'eS' """ s"'h The iriinencc If ,h"ir ,ir
'"'"' '"'"P'' '"a' me hu@ber OF c"u'siu-
"''"''' !" ''e H""'" - larger III proportion
10 'he population ihna that Of my riucr
""' ''' ""i'o'' even "i negroes
'"''""''' ''''o he christian ~h"rch larger
"' VI. ""o'e h"'hper OF converts in
"e''"e" '"'"S "'ade up OF a'i the foreign
- ''''''""' ''h'>'chdom 10:
se'"''
""" " ~ sueh men win" are TO he driven
,''"' '''' PuIp''S anu separated from their
"''"H' wa" IRE !" DC 'oFD from those whom
''o '"N"" w
WI. O"''S''"n 'e"g'oh "h"m 'hey hSd un:-
'e" y" "'''''"se' ana 'he aust "i who's: KIN.
'e" '"'S """ give" I'D '"e grave and who
""a uric" '"e tears "i ocre"'en'en' and al
"''''"h WIN ""rd OF hunaH Svnpa ny and
"e"'e"'9 COMFORT hese 'eneiaIcd tr"ch-
e''' co""ce''"rS' ahd ir'e"ds are =" be torn
""'' our e"'o'"re' ana 'h'r PAGES /" be
''pP',eu os moving ABOLITION dlHines, i'm
p'''e" ''''i '"e ho'' osa "I Ne" England
w os'''" 'ot'h 'e'Ei@n win
'u' e"he' '"''" W ""rSS a gospel without
!'''''' D. '"Ne' ana N"ra'''y which re-
''S"'%e' u" "''W. out slavery.
nut ne '"rd 81 Heaven ""ciiIugsnoi
a'ohe III 'e"P'"> n"dc ~ and When
THESE temples are converted in Pagan
s"''''eS' "heh another Ho>PeI ls preached IN
'n''u' 'h"h 'H"' when m"'r h1n rlghteen
senIur'es nave brought dawn /" thus gene.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1864-03-22
Recognition Rumors.

he '"irSI ruuoTs upon t"c s. H. Get Of
foreign recognition are the following, " hirh
Ne gather from our exchanges:
Tie Washington c.rrrspsn!cLt # tie
Philadelphi Inquirer. SAYS special mes
s.ng-r, minl~lerts France, had arrived -
Nothing vas known officially uf the DIS
patches. but lie told his friends that France
had de'.rnired TO recognize &c Southern
Conftdcr""y. The report was grnrrais
believed III B .Ilimore, and occn,onsi great
rejoicing among the friend, Of the South
In that city
FUgue runners of the speed, r,cngnitl"u
Of the tonfederacy. under Nhich tho Con
fedrraie ioan advance q, 50 were current
IN LsrdsmoR tn. 18th alt Thr London
fost mentions the report on Ihe 24lh, rel e
sra'sd il on tn. 2Slh, nhd up 10 the tue
Of the. departure of the last steamer, the re.
port had not been coniradc.ed
A son Of Minister Dayton arrived at New
York NTH di.patche, from hi, father aud
proceeded Immediately TO Washing on -.
lie stated 10 friends that the Emperor Ma
poIcon had announced his conclusion that
aomsihing should be done with Il view Of
terminating The evil war in America. rag
Ing long enough with 40 difini,c result
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1864-03-22
Credit for the rithes.

Wan, i@ru"r~ s.-m to he H. doub, wk.IL
"r Ihe' wIIi receive credit upon ihe five per
cent tax Imposed on property employed in
agriculture, by .ne iiihcs OF 1863. OF by the
'ilhes upon The crop of 1864 1t was doubt.
less designed that they should receive cred.
II for lie tax IN kind Of the present year
a reasonable apprehension Of the tx hc,
warrants thl> cone fusion, aud We under
ss'ard that such j. tie decision at Rchmord
Tie 'aA law oi February il desi.ned for
1864. auj rot intended 10 rcvvrt ru FORMER
,e"r-. Ii, In assessing the tan Of IS6<
creLiI tie nI'u~'d .or any part q: ,hr la4
pad IN 1859. why T"t ".,ow cIsdl: ter thy
tax p,is upon incomes. 81. fer 1853 as
wsit as ior The Tax in L nd +" ni.uw IA
c.H,r.u, ,os ,truc ion would ADMIT "A dI.
crimino'Ion between diil,r n; elias es toA
PAYER, whc or.rcss doubtless never
i'trnde'I. Creuil for III. tax IN kind of
1854 ia - provision that j. v,oprrl, tTc the
'n.r. and r"mp"ris via lie yrnc NJ scope
nod fairne.s of Ihs Act
The iax ia du. on Tie Gre of June, and
- l." sc co'!e''e '"s 900 h!,l ~ practical
bee II wsy IL -cNcr,l nnou.rs lflrr June
beisr" a. !. collected, apa the {, r,nrr will
have amps 'iNr q dcnvrr nis AK in KIND
for 1864 nnd' re,e'c crcdI Gsercf,r upon
the hvr per cent AK Oh prsp"r,y u.cd ia
agriculture