New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1864-06-04

ofhors FinnIy, only dcCOnpOsCa CtlHlcs
oxidzes certain constituents which have resisted the
changes In rpcnng thus certain fruits like the medlar
very acid and astringent only become eatable when
they mellow.
CoSDREsATIoN ON THE SURFACE OF ALL SOLIDS.
Prof MAGNUs describes in Psggendort's Arha'eR a
series VI delicate experiments made by him. from Which
he concludes that all substances however different they
may To- raised In temperature when G.l IA
co.aaot with them which IS moiseT thgn .t surround
ing them; and that they depressed in Temperature
when Jhcy are exposed TO 80. which IL dricr than that
I hy which shcy are surrounded. The most iou5
vGp0rg cOrdorsc the surface O solid bodies in such
quantity ns to apprcoae elevation of temper
Rture and from this II follows that ut oil times there
il ut the SUFFICE of bodies layer Of condensed yHlor,
which is larger smaller according TO The bygrouctc
state oi the atmosphere.
FRIDGE OVER TIE STRAITS or NEssISA.
The Iiaan journals au7Ouncc That il il In cOrtempla
ton 10 mite Sicily With Italy by bridge 10 he con
struoted nov systcm. The chains viii be made Of
cast sscc and strong enough 10 support the weight o
several r0i.WE Trims.
KEW MARITIME SOUNDING APPARATUS
~ tiagc.cl hes Invented apparatus In which the
susper ion ina j. dispensed with IL consists of . rod
o; ron furnished with rppcfs NJ TIC extremity whic
sunpurlNcyldFical weight capable 81 being detached
from he rod above the weigh. iuat OF hollow metal
il fixed which contains small clock gcd ~ Ia
stCp BY concessions tel i4uiso attached anG above
the whole a signal. The time OF dropping the app'
rntns Is noted: on striking the bottom the clock is
stnprcd and hr feat h drilchc aid rises o. the sni-
face; The depth is calculated rom the Zine ~ th' de-
scent The objection 20 long line, "a dep sos sonndnes,
by this nsantoa.
sILK-w0BMs.
NJ OyFsIr ms found that wooiepot. II sp'.nklcd
over s,,ad sisuons effects IN alrs.t cert IN cure
or 1T all eyen.s prlpngs their live. until tae arc
auslrd. Tie Minister or Agriculture Of France has
requested tia, commission b. formed to report On Tie
yairr Of his discovery.
{ ~ SIMON. commissioned ~ bring from China 10
France The bcs; breed n: sil wrins has seat hoirr
h. Of prr, be distributed Somc Of these are now
being experimental upon 90; Che Imperial firm at y IN
ccEn.s.
NJ j \. MIriEE made some remarks preliminary 10
~ rreuia. discussion. on The economical ns' o. iie
The -ur,t e combustion was second 20 no oth"r 30
csurc IL the man-p 9 .. both animal anu mrtiin
ica power. VIXEN srcl power 90 derived rrn hrfi. IL
j, admitted tiint The principles governing combustion
arc understood IS scientific mc' tie same time n
will be- drlicd tia The pTopc application oi these
principle. j. seldom made. toii The s0lrcepI most
nj the power Used In manufactures gnd oconoiion - e
IS our chief dcierse against cold We should always aim
To produce the b. - results with "a amount ~ M
ogal Yet in department Of tie rsril uits Is v'sle
pa disastrous US In combustion Nelliy oil other waste
pro,ucts are or can be- utilized but toe Hnc,nsuucd
gases when they escape frOrl tac chimney ATE To-.
! ynnd the reach of mau Tie annual consumption Of
cool in this cOGniry than .uopOpJ tEns. which
! NJ m average OF - pcs tan. Is worth s,a"""H. ~
II hs amount ~ per cent be saved the sam added
t. TIE wealth oi The country J. -l"p vN-Ar INK resi-
M q per cent on a capital &! w ONOW.
Tho rcsaiarts 81 thr pcr''c. coiabus.i Of carbon
ard hydrogen b, combining with The oxygen 81 the air
aie cuihoic acid 1'd water. Pciicc' eI.ustion can
OH % ONfaNlN Ns N-IiF I'd Nf AN'i . ltH Tulps ~
oxygen and the most economical use q. the Ltatis
made ten only tie amount luiicd ior dFaii c'cai
from the chimney. The speaker Illustrated by dir
grls somo iInpIOt ccns De- had intloh rrJ for econ
omAngthc beat under boilers relating to the sze aud
form 81 The furnace. crle bass aus hrdEttLc Inter.
instead Of allowing the heat 70 pass Over tieio were
brought into contact with the boiler. sAa coniIncd
urmlrr 81 openings having slight descent fruu The
'front.' ic back there should c 90 least 40 gi These
bridges uar 40 ordinary horizontal boiler. IN oD'
feet u these bridge. Designated ~ lungs u 10 iach'
tate peri'Ci mlu,or, to abstract the heat Rom tie
passing plcdHois and - give i to Tho boiler by
coaduotions through The iaTi IN csaiac and % rndia
ton. Mr. Nlllr WIS convinced that IA the lev ilI'
naccs built ts plan there va, SAVING OF kcai, but
be not then prepared 90 furnish any comparative
statements. According ~ cGp'ilneui- made ma In.
gland. IN regard 20 tie regulation % TIE admission of
ain tn icad The ire, had urcl Shown Tat there was
saving OF about three per cent OF iucl ~ the use OF self
Nr'I ID Ssir.os said he believed most 81 te auto.
matte aIrangcmeuts ior rc~lniirg the Gtait under
boilers heyo beeA abandoned. There is. tolhie-. IN
the ordinary conjunction Of irInaceH, mu'h leat
wasted. We know ihi ~ theory. ,hc creates, irssi'
be evaporation OF water by riicu quantity u coal u
nearly double that usually onzci 10y TIE common pro-
ccss6s Tie flame is allowed iu pass - g., chimney too
rnpily II more time given fos TIE gacs to De boz.
teImi gcd and FEDERATED the products II comhus
ton could be sccered nnd scy few woal! be allowed
10 escape up the chimney. Tho smoke which escape. Is
sy carbon orido Gld hne pant dee ~ conl IL These
could b. consumed. there would b, much additional
heat To consume Tho smoke, b. is essential that oxygen
should hc supplied tcrS freely and That Ne heat should
BE- into enough FOR proper igrlrou According 20
bourne lElIfaN. other u'lnrr. nearly Ll ~ the
oxygen passes through our common infnAcra without
being combined with the fuel. Tbs is 0aing 10 the
rapid daft
Tho CHAlRyAS remarked that subject had been
discussed before ths As.or.A'4on OF more importance
,Gn the dscnraring ~ heat by chemical combination.
Heat % motor, q chemical agent and as the source
u artificial temperature u Indispensable, and Every
10 rson II directly 81 indirectly benefited b, the most
speak ~ al 81 the combinations which VIII produce
heat for 1t is settled, beyond All question: that Of The
ll.f.s MI ID. lIIW lac ed
with safety. economy ard COW 'I" If'sf nf' W.
ygen. Carbon. md Hydnlen. fn chmNcai ciange
which produces lea' q tAe con mon o. oNtfe' "..h
carbon ~ with hydrogen. Al sie iiih 81 %, CON
mon air, b. measure j. cxrrrI 10. lent hFhfs
pres,n;s Aolf al our bid Ting 49, red qua. uiYi
The nc,ual cost 81 the fire tielf s 10 coat oi The
carbon of HYDROGEN cOnsi'nrt iIre fnds oi iuel-
in wood for crsmple-vc tll certain portion oi oNy
gon already combined witt these clements. This por
ton has already done is heat wOIk and j. Of no service
during Tie process ~ burning such iurL Now Inc
plain but most important Gncsiion 20 De settled ~
what Is the exact quantity Of heat generated b! SUD
stances composed chiefly Of carbon and bydrngeni
The experiments ~ NM. Fahfe and sherman. con-
ducted with great care and accuracy and corresimnd
ing IN the main with shose made b. Du"ng and l'cti
VIII furnish rs the desired answcf be tables offtrse
crteriilcuicss incude great range Of combinations
hui only those relating ~ TIC anon o oxygen with sub
stances containing carbon or hydrogen are selected
Taking the thermal unit tho quantity OF heat 10
CURED - raise tie temperature Of pound Ol water
from - To - c. we have IN the following table ths
units OF heat generated from the union ~ pound
the several substances mentioned with al the oxygen
required for perfect comiusion
Hydrogra ..........Ji461 BiiuminOus Coal. 900
Marsh Gas ........ r. paI 1aH'r .-.......... Seoo
OleGaut Gar ........Il ~ pi-H.I .....- 10)
AInyenc. -...........ll.iglff .'.0 Alcohol. no
OH OF Turprniinc 10 -53' 90 ........-.. 300
Olive OH....-..-.-.. gt0O, 10 ~ ........ 5.JE
Fthcr....-.......... gNOl ltIr $500 .........f.V, rs
Anthracite Coal. 100 NO a ood ss, 100
Charcoal. ............ GO CO. JAidc...... 800
The gases and oils mentions. 90 OK pensiyc 10 bc
used. IL VIII b. noticed hat D' iee price per tun
AMI itrae ff. lac eh lffafenal bfu.