The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1864-01-30
The Farm and tho Garden
Facts. Hints and Suggestions.
From the American Agricultural.
ORCHARD AHD NCbsERY.

e from the American Agricultural.
I ORCHARD AxD HUssxRY.
{ In this, ~ in the other horticulture
parts Of the calendar, We might refer e
. the notes Of last month, were it not for ths
great number Of readers who will look
/ over these pages for the first time 1t il
expedient TO have the Calendar for the
t year complete in itself, and We therefore
suggest what few things are to be done
, during the present month.
The orchard should be visited occasion.
. ally to .ee that all is going on we'll. A de-
I fensIve fence or q gate carelessly left open.
may bsthe cause Of serious injury to young
: trees. All kinds Of stock will browse on
J the young shoots, or gnaw the bark of
: trees, and they are to be carefully exclu-
/ ded.
Tramp down the snow around Young
, trees to keep off mice, and set traps for
rabbits.
If limbs are broken down by the wind
or by an accumulation Of ice and snow,
pare the wound smooth, and cover it with
waxsd cloth to exclude the weather
| Water should not be allowed to stand
around the trees open surface drains
whenever 1t can be done
Scions may be cut at any time during
mild days. Label every variety with great
burying them in the earth in the cellar
If it is intended to plant trees in the
spring, send to the most reliable nursery
IN reach for Catalogues, and send in orders
to be filed at the proper season, or, what is
vastly better, 90 in person, if possible TO
do 50. and select the trees. Consult freely
With the ifuit-growsrs N the neigh Dor.
hood, 9rd lind what has been their expe-
rIence With the different varieties. Avoid
novelties or, at most touch them cautious
~. Civ. irresponsible tree peddiers
wide berth. When the condition of the
soil will permit, it is well to open the
holes for trees to be rlau,ed next spring.
as the action OF fros,s will auleliora,e and
! improro the soil The nursery.men will
probably be unusually busy next spring,
and he should have an ample supply of
labels, packing materials, and every thing
tina: will facilitate his operations
Let every farmer follow our repeated
auvIcs TO max; permanent. map Of his
orchard and mark The place Of very va.
rie,y. Labels soon perish.
Manurss should be procured and haul /
use IN the spr.n.
KITCHEN GARDEN.
A gardeners immediate work is always
done with view TO future results. He |
plants and sows, and then awaits the re- |
turns. Give the comparative leisure Of |
the pressn. season TO thinking and plan
ming 10 be realized a. future Gay. Every !
thing that can be done now to save q days !
o. an hours work in the busy spring I
months should Ee done In market gar /
dsns. especially, few days earlier or la
ter often decide the successes Of = par,icu |
lar Now II the n deiAYrni n a
What TO SOW and where 10 SOW it, as well /
as to provide seed in seasoa The new |
stock OF the sesd,uen is usually ready BY /
February, and i, i. we'll to get supply a, |
once, as desirable kinds are often soon |
exhausted.
CcH Fr1mes will need care, giving air /
whenever the weather IS mild, and extra |
protection when il is severe Have shut /
ters straw mats, or even old blankets asd 4
conforters at hand 10 throw over during I
very cold spell. Bank up the frames a.
another security against cold weather.
Hot-5ei Frames and Sa,tcs Make all !
ready in time; strengthen old frames
glaze and paint sash, and if new oues are
required, have them made in season. If .
stack of fine rich mould is not ready, Sc
cure it a. the first opportunity and keep
under cover otherwise when wanted for
the beds it may be froz.n or toe wet
Manure e-Abundant manuring is the se>
ere, OF good gardening Get all you can
and save all you get" should be the rule
add much to the Ssrnyard, privies, and
pIggeries, and thus increase the supply.
Manure may be drawn to where it will 1e
:. needed
iol>, for beans, brush for peas, and stakes
of all kinds should ke cut while the swamp,
! are frozen. 1t is poor management to wait
till they are needed.
.Se>d.-See that no mice have access 70
them. Keep none Of doubtful quality.
1ools-Make ail needed repairs, and il
you have never enjoyed the comfort Of q
tool house, arrange place where every
implement shall have its assigned place,
and keep it there when not in use |:
will save deal of yexation.
EhCIr GARDEN.
1t is presumed tLa, oil required winter
| protection has been given. If the grape
vines have not been laid down, remove
them from the trsllise., aud cover-the
tender kinds at least-wth earth. The
perfectly hardy sorts will be more fruitful
| if simply laid upon the ground without
covering, than if they arc left upon tho
| trellis and exposed 10 the action of the
| cold winds See that the covering Of earth
! given to rIspberries is not W. shed aw y by
! heavy rains. Manure may be put around
| the roots of trees when the ground is not
| frozen. Make plans for new paintings,
and consult catalogues and send in orders
! to nurserynen as soon as the selection Of
varieties is determined upen.
FLOWER GARSEs AND LAwS.
The work here is nlS:nley in doors, and
the brain rather than the hands are en-
gagged The winter months are the time
in which to project improvements. We
have so frequently suggested the necsssi>
ty for working frem we'll matured plans |
drawn on an accurate scale, that 1t must
be we'll impressed upon all our old read |
srs To new ones we say, If you design
any improvements, make them FIRST on pa
per, where they can be more easily altered
than when DOM haphazard upon the
ground. Shrubbsfv which ia too thick can
be thinned, and where trees are so crowds
ed as to interfere with the development of
one another, the least. valuable should be
removed. In favorable seasons some work
can be done at making Wallis and drives. |
Fer thoroughly made walk or readway
Of two feet, and foundation made Of
large stones, filling up with small ores, and
finishing off with gravel, which is to bs
we'll rolled. Have a supply Of stakes and
labels for spring use. Jar the eversreen'
after a heavy fall of snow, and free the
lower branches from snow drifts.
GREEN AND Hor-HoCSR.
In the green house. where plants are
kent in state of rest only, the tempera-
ture should be as even as possible. 1t
should never get higher than 50 or IS de-
srees, nor lower that IS degrees. Plants
Kept he-e will require ventilation when.
ever the weather is ''nild but little water
Clean ness should be observed, and all de-
caying leaves removed. In houses where |