davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1864-07-06
Vermont Central and Sullf-
van Railroads..

Summer Arrangement commencing June Is, 1864
TRAINS GOING SOUTH AND EAST
Leave Waterbury at S.54 A NJ, 1853 P NJ and
GAG Pm.
Mail Train leaves Rouces Point at 8. 80 A. NJ. =,
Burlington 1928 A NJ, connecting at White
River Junction and Bellows Falls with trains
for Boston, Worcester, DC, and with Vermont
Valley railroad for Springfield, and New York,
arrivingin New York at lO.l5PM.
Burlington Express leaves Montreal at 5.45 A
NJ Rouses Point at 40 AM, for burlington, sar-
atoga, Troy and New York via the lake.
bay Express leaves Ogdensburgh at 5 80 AM,
Montreal at S.00AM., Rouses Point at lO.45 A NJ.
for Boston Troy and New York.
Night Express leaves Ogdensburg at H.
so AN Montreal at 8. 45 PM, Rouses Point at 5.45
NJ, arriving at Boston at $40 A NJ, connecting
at Bellows Falls with Cheshire r r. for Boston
and Worcester, and with VT. Valley II. r., for
Springfield &C., and arriving in New York at
1890 p. m. ..... g..
TRAINS GOING NORTH AND WEST.
Leave Waterbury at $50 AM, 8. 54AM 4.l2 ppm,
and 5.23PM M.
Day Express leaves Boston at 500 A I'M,
via Lowell, or Lawrence. White River junction
at 1870 NJ Burlington at 4 50 -, for Montreal,
Ogdensburgh, Chicago and the West, making
close connections.
Mail train leaves Boston at 100 A NJ, via Low
ell and at '.30 NJ, via. Fitchburg. Leaves
Springfield at 1.50 A NJ, Bellows Falls at 1926
P. NJ, for St. Johnsbury, Burlington, Montreal
and Ogdensburh. u
Accommodation train leaves Mortified at 7 fC
AM, and Burlington at 1855 Pm, for Rouse
Point. ....--......
Night express train leaves Bellows Falls at To-
90 NJ, receiving passengers from Vermont Val
ley railroad, leaving New York at H. 10 Pm, and
from Cheshire railroad, leaving Boston at $50 r
NJ connecting at White River Junction with train
leaving Boston at $50 r N, arriving at Bur-
Iin1ton Mt X IN NJ Rouees Point at O5 NJ,
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1864-07-06
Attention, Farmers!
MOVING MACHINES!

: The time has come when farmers no longer
question the utility of moving machines That
certain patents will do good service upon almost
any farm in northern Vermont Is an established
TACT. True, there has been a multiplicity Of ma
chimes introduced into the state, and too many
serious objections are well founded. Either they
have been so heavy aud ponderous as to fret and
worry team, or SO complicated in their con-
struction, and light built in their most important
parts as to constantly get out of repair. What
Is felt to be needed by our farmers is a machine
that Is light. strong and durable, easy of draft,
equally balanced, clean cutting, simple and COM
pact, easily handled and not likely to get out of
repair. The test of threeeyears has established
the fact that the FARMER MOWER, (Pne's pa
tent) is the machine to fill this demand, The
gearing is simple, and gives SHORT, POWERFUL
and RAPID STROKE of the knives which work in
strong, straight, open squares, and will always
cut in wet or dry grass. To choke them is i'm
possible. .tf.EFL lF4.L.. 7
This machine was introduced late last year in.
to this country and consequently but few were
Under trial. Hear what those. who used them
have to say in relation thereto.
CERTIFICATES.
IL used the Farmer moving machine, (Pine's
patent) the summer of 1868 and am fully salts
fed that it cannot be beat in the execution of its
work, ease of draft aud facilities for being hand
led and controlled. have used it in all kinds
Of grass, wet and dry, fine and course also
where grass had been badly flowed. In all these
places 1t worked finely | am 81 years old, yet
can ais easily ride and control my machine as tc
ride in my wagon. | would as soon my horses
would work upon it as to pillow common stubble
ground the same length of time. | had rather
pay for the Farmer than take any other that
have seen used, as gift, for a good thing /!
worth having. WINGATE WEBSTER,
Morristown, VT"
| ,MorrjstoWn ,June lst 1854
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1864-07-06
COFFINS T. COFFINS'!
NEW SHOP ]!

AT, M o RRISVILLE
NEO. II. TIT, has opened new shop. and
| 7 commenced the manufacture Of Collins. He
intends keeping constantly on hand large sup
ply Of all Sizes so that all orders can b filled in
The shortest possible time. .t 49, Df
Worthwhile Nay Sd 1884. wv a ga
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1864-07-06
Wool Carding at Cady's

n PLACE, wishes to inform the public that
~. he is prepared to attend to carding wool at
the old factory at Cady's Falls, and viii be
pleased to receive calls from any desrsus OF
having that kind of work.
He will also cleanse wool for any desiring it,
Cady's Falls May 3lst, 1864. 2Sw6
Lamoille newsdealer. [volume] (Hyde Park, Vt.) 1860-1877, 1864-07-06
} Johnson Wooden Factory

|. III DOW & PEARL,g
-MANUFAcTURERs OF
Cassimeres, Doeskins, Beaver Cloths, and Wool
Flannels. fTEf6 d.
List of Prices for Manufacturing per yard T:
Grey Cashmere, 80 cts full color Cassimeres
and Doeskins, A cts; Mix Doeskin, 40 cts ;
White Flannel, 20 cts Blue Mix Flannel, 25
cts Nader Red Flannel, 81 cts Custom Card
ing, 8 cts per h. The above prices include the
Government 8 per cent tax.
Cloth exchanged for wool on reas onable terms.
Also particular attention given to custom card
ing. and cloth dressing.
johnson May llth 1864. 20
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19
APfEamr's EKOHsse Magazine
For 1901. Edited by
T. s. ARTHUR AND VIRGINIA F. TOWNSEND.

The HOME MAGAZINE for 1854 viii be conducted In
the same spirit that has distinguished IL from the COM
mencement and continue 30 unite in periodical the
attractions and exccencies Of both the Ladies' or FASH
ion Magazines they called and the graver terarz
monihes. our arrangements for 1864 include
THREE ORIGINAL SERIAL STORIES, written ex-
presy for the Home Magazine one of these vim be bx
Miss Virginia T. Townsend and commence in ths lam
ary number Another will be by 4. s. ARfuTR Ana
the third from the pen of MRS NJ. A. pENISoN a wri-
ter who has long been a fayorite with the psblfe
Besides these, OUR LARGE CORPS OF TALENTED
Writers viii continue to Zurich the Home Nagazina
with shorter sores poeus essays and sketohss on f
and character, written with the aim Of blending literary
excellence with the higher teachings Of morality and re
ligion. ~ ~
ELEGANT ENGRAvINas appear in every number. m.
cang choice pictures groups and characters prevailing
fashions anu arge variety of patterns for garments
embroidery, etc etc
PREMIUMS FOR GETTING Up CLUBs-our preml
un Plates for 1864 large and beautiful a
~EnnAaELlNE' and THE MIrHERLESS BAIRN.e
iEkhsS2 year in advance Two copies for Sa--Tbree
Tor - -Four for s. Eight and extra eopy to eetter
mp OF club $40 Twelve and one EXTRA SIS, Seventeen
ana one extra, $50. PREMIUM-One TO every 30 suh
scribesi and one 10 geterup Of 81 81 s. or Si0 club
Both premiums sent to getterup SIS and $50 clubs
fo- In ordering premiums send three red stamps
pre-pay postage ON same.
Address, RS. ARTHUR CO..
523 Walnut ST., Philadelphia,
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19

LINKS IN THE CHAIN.-The blast that
drove the storm cloud across the heavens
shook the oak, and the acorn cup, loosen.
ed from its fruit, fell on the pathway.
The cloud-burst: rain drop filled the
acorn cup,
A robin, wearied by the sultry heat Of
an autumn day, and troubled by the fury
Of the storm hoped nthe path when all
was calm, and drank of the rain drop,
Refreshed and'gladdened, he few to his
accustomed place in ivy that ovorhung
the poets window aud there he thrilled
his sweetest, happiest song.
The poet heard, and rising from his
reverie, wrote chant ofgratefulrejoicing
The chant went forth into the world, and
entered the house of sorrow, and uttered
its heart-stirring accents by the couch Of
sickness. The sorrowful were comforted
and the sick were cheered
Many voices praised the poet. He
said: "The hant was inspired by the
robins song"
Il had not sung so well if I had not
drank of the rain-drop," said the robin.
II should have sunk into the earth had
not the acorn cup received me-" said the
rain drop.
81 had not been there to receive you,
but for the angry blast" said the acorn
cup.
And SO they were comforted praised the
blast; but che blast replied, Praise Him
at whose word the stormy wind ariseth
and who from darkness can bring light,
making his mercies oftentimes to pass
through unseen, unknown and unsuspec-
ted channels, and gringing in due time,
the grateful chant from the angry storm
cloudY ?"
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19
AGRICULTURE & HORTICULTURE
EMBRACING
FRUIT.RAIsING. &c.

GARDENING;
FBUIT-RAIsfNG, &c,
In all their brenches, conducted the latest an
4 most approved systems.
Our labors In This department for thirty ycar
have met the cordial appreciation Of the puliic. On
purpose has been 10 furnh useful and reliable nformn
tiun upon these very important branches of industry
and to protect them 81 far ns within power agans
the fse doctrines and selfish purposes Of the many
prcs and sensation adventures by which the Farmer
necessarily assaileh. Tins portion Of the GERNASfowx
TELEGRAPH will alone be worth the whole price of sub
scrpt0n as every Farmer and Gardner who has prop
per conception oi bis caing. will rendily adnit
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19
WAVERLY MAGAZINE.
FOR FAMILY AMUSEMENT ANDTNsTRUCTloN
Edited by Moses a. Dow.

This paper is the largest Weekly published in The
country. Its contents such will hc approved in tc
most flstdio crclcs-nothing immoral being admitted
into its pages. 1t will afford much reading matter
almost amy find time to pcrsr consisting Of Tales
History biography, together with Music and Poetry.
The paper contains ultra sentiments aud NEEDLES net
thcr with politics religion but it is characterized by
high moral 1t Creulates all over the country from
Maine to California.
TERMs-Thc Waycrly Magazine is published weekly by
Moses A. Dow No o. Ln'lall Street, Boston, Mass Two
editions are pntod thick paper for Periodical
Dealers ut cents copy, and edition for mail sscri-
ber on little timer paper 50 as to within the low
ttn.tnrn Inv
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19
GERMANTOWN TELEGRAPH.
A Family and Agricultural Journal
DEVOTED TO
CHOICE LITERATURE.
INCLUDING
Poetry,
NOVc1cttcS,
And EORAL AND ENTEPTALYIYG READING
GENEP1ILT

In the Literary Department shall present the cho
oeSi yuriees within the reach Of extended means
Tho Noyeietes Tales Poetry &C. shall he supplied from
best and highest sources and equal To anything to be
found in any journal magazine
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19

otherwise qualified shall of his proper district
or any person knowing the want Of such qualification
shall aid or procure such person 10 vote the person
persons offending shall conviction be fined any sum
not exceeding two hundred dollars and be imprisoned for
any term not exceeding three months"
If any person shall vote at thnnone electondis-
riot otherwise frauduently vote and deliver the
Inspector two tickets together, with intent illegally
vote, shall vote the same; If any person shall ad
wise procure another 70 do so he they SO offending
shall conviction, be fined in any not hess than ff
y nor more than five hundred dollars and be imprsori-
ed for any term not less than three than Twelve
months'
II any person not qualified TO vote in this Common
wealth. agreeaby to the law Except the Of qua-
ed ctizcns shall appear ut any place Of election for the
purpose Of issuing tickets of influencing the citizens
qualified t. vote, he shall, conviction forfeit and pay
any sum not exceeding hundred dollars for every
such offence and be imprisoned for any term not exceed
ing three months"
And the Return Judgcsof retrospective districts afore-
said are hereby required TO meet at the Court House in
Butler on Friday next October 14th) after the second
Tuesday in October next then and thereafter perform
those things required BY law.
Given under my hand and seal at Butler this 18th day
of August in the year Of Lord Eighteen Hundred
and Sixtyour and Of the Independence Of the United
States the eighty-ninth.
: W. o. BRECKENRIDGE, Sheriff
Butler, Aug. 81, 1891.
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19
TERMS, CASH Nv ADvANCE.

10 ANY POSE0FFlCE IN THE UNITED STATES
One copy one year, 50. Two copies one year S5 Thro
copies one year, &C. -Four copies one year 81.
rive copies one year. and an extra copy 10 the person
sending the club, $40
Eight copies year and IN oxtra copy TO tho
sending tho club SIS.
Eleven copies one year. and extra copy the psrson
sending the cluh SD.
And the o5ty magazine that he introduced into IN
s1ovocluhs IN place cf the Lays Book is Arthur's Iom
Magazine.
SPECIAL CLUBBING WITH OTHER MAGAZINES.
dodcys Ladys Hook and Arthurs Home Magazine bo
year for $3.50.
dodey Ladys Book and Harpers Magazine boih ono yea
Cooley, Harper and Arthur will all three be sent on
year, on receipt OfSBOO.
Treasury Notes aud Notes on all solvent banks tak
at pnr
BE careful and pay the postage on your letter.
Address L. A. Cooley,
323 CHfsnm Street. Pbfigdeipbid. m
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19
PARTNBRSHIP
yOGELEY HOUSE.

WILLIAM VUGELEV, Proprietor.
NE undersigned would respectfully inform the public
generally, that he has erected large and comodi-
brick building the site Of the old and well known
house, formerly occupied by him as Tavern Stand. lie
has been at great expense in erecting and furnishing his
new house and aters himself that he now prepared
accommodate all who may desire to give him call
Having ample house for one hundred persons and
stablng for at lsast fifty horses
Thankful for past patronage, ha would ask coniinu
ance of the same. WM VOGELEY
Dec. 9, 1s63:tf
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19
AhEs O. wM cAppBza
stoves! stoves Z! Stoves sss

MN JAS q. CAMPBELL.-FouxDERs-- Pounir
n}t South Of the borough of Butler, where stove
Pioughs and other castings made large spuly con
tsanty on hand ans for sale at reasonable rates ~
Deco 1so3::tf
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19
NEWS DEPARTMENT.

The same industry, care, and discrimination, in gath
erng and preparing the Stirring Events Of the Day
pressly for this paper, which hitherto has been
its nlrked features and given universal satisfaction
viii tN continued with redoubed efforts 10 meet the In
crea.ng demands Of the public. The labor required in
tis department II fully appreciated by the reader
IL would he impossible present IN the condeted at
carefully made up form in which IL appears, corrected
mass Of all the interesting 0f The week. with
ont Involving much physical labor, tuct and Judgment
We annex the cash terms 10 which beg leafe to,
call the attention Of all who think Of subscribing fI
newspaper:
ADVANCE CASH TERMS.
One Copy One Year - 90
Oue copy ihIce Years 5,oo
Three Copies, One Year 800
Five Copies, One Year. 90
Ten Copies, One Year is, 90
m Subscriptions not paid within the year, $3.50.
~ Club of five Subscribers ut sS will entltle tn
psrso getting IL up to copy for six months; Club %
ten or more, TO copy for year. All Club sutscrip
ons stopped at the end Of the time paid for unless re
ordered
R8 No order will receive attention unless aceompa
nicd with the cash.
ga Specimen numbers sent to applicants
PHILIP II. fREAs
Editor and pTorriet~r
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19
The AmericanCitizen,

IS pubshcd every Wednesday in the bnrough If Butler,
by THOMAS RoBINs0N& G. y. ANDERsoN on Main street.
opposite to Jacks Tptel-oflce up stairs n the brick
formerly occupied by Eli Yetter, rs - store
TERMs;-sI SO year If paid in advance. within the
first six months; 3 ifnot paid sn after the eNpira-
tiOn of the first six months
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19
TERMS OF ADVERTISING, &c.,

For any quantity under quires 81 so per qure all
amounts that reasonable reduction will be made.
BUSINESS CARDS.
Single packs, 81 so; each additional pack, 50 cts.
LOCAL NOTICES.
10 cents per line for each insertion.
DEATHS MARRIAGES,
will be published gratis where the does not exceed
lines for each additional line, cts will be charged
Advertisements Of o. @. Sale Executors, Administra
tors and Auditors notices. Eslays Dissolution Of Part
nership Cautions and all transient advertisements
POSITIVELY BE PAID IN ADVANCE.
We the undersigned Publishers and Proprietors ofthe
Butler papers, hereby agree to strictly adhere the
above schedule Of prices, until further notice.
WM. HASLETT, Butler American.
CLARK WILSON, Uson Herald.
ROBINSON & ANDERSON American Citizen
July 49, 1854.
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19

excellent quality of Plaster Paris on h and for
sale by ], c. BEDIcK, 4 Co.
American citizen. [volume] (Butler, Butler County, Pa.) 1863-1872, 1864-10-19
Watches, Clocks & JeweIry

Il you want good Watch, Clock or set of good Jewel
ry TO Grebs, where you get the very best tho
market affords He keeps ON hand large assortmen
Jewelry Of all styles and in fact everything usually ken
n Jewelry Store. Repairing done on short notice.
Dec y, leoS;u' FRANCIS X. GREER.
The daily register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1863-1864, 1864-01-18
Something Extraordinary.
MI. D. CorWaY, writing from london

NJ. y. OorWay, Writing from London 70
the Boston Commonwealth, says: ~
Let me tell you of wonderful chess
player. an account of whose performances1
received lately from distinguished and
learned Hindoo pundit here, Ram Shaadah
Bal Breshni. The chess player came from
Madras to Bombay, where Ram Shandab
saw him. He is between forty-fve and fif-
ty years of age. He plays several games
three, if 1 remember--blindfolded, and wins
them. At the same time he plays game
of cards-there are 12O different cards in q
Hindoo packard wins. At the time when
these games are going On he is given orally
sums of multiplication to the extent of four
figures (e. g., 9397x8999), and gives thu
correct result. At the same time a SEN
tence Of about one hundred words, each
word being numbered, is given TO him ir-
regularly (thirty five if, ninetytwo but, six
ty one pitcher, &C., and hegives the whole
sentence. During the game bell is touch
ed every one or two seconds, and he gives
the number Of times it has been touched
A man stands behind and throws little peb:
bles, one by one, against his back; these,
too, he counts. And after the games are
over, and all these are told, he ,recites po.
EN- in perfect rhyme, which he has composed
during the sitting! Ram Shandah is, l as:
sure you, an entirely credible witness, and a
very clever man every way.
The daily register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1863-1864, 1864-01-18
Executors Sale ofValuable Real
Estate +lS sTa

DART of lot No. 35, corner Of Market and Prank
/ lin streets, containing ~ two frame tsas-
mrnts. .5laL
Part of lot No. 6 on west side Of Main stxse>
near Franklin. 10
Lots No, IL and l8 with their buildings corner
of Main and Franklin streets, East side
Part Of lot No. 76, on wcst side Market street.
near Adams on which is erected . gsod tws ~
story brick dwelling
One-half Of lot No go, east ade Main strsst,
with (2) story brick dwelling and bssk bnildinO.,
Lot No go, corner Of West st. and HcI hsrt's a.
Icy running TO the river
One-half lot No lag, corner OF Chspllns and lst
street, with good two (2) story brisk DWELLING
Part Of lot No. 49, corner Of Min and JsAssSos
street east side, with three (y good dwelling
houses. .'
One hundred and four and three -fourths acres
of land in Marshall county. said Land being undsr
good cultivation and having good farm hsuss
thereon. ..'
ANY Of the above described property can Be pur-
chased at private sale on before the lot honday
of February 1864, at which time ths rsmtadsr
will be offered at the front door Of the Court House
of Ohio county, at public auction. 10.
T. SWEENEY, Executor
dec29-tds Of the Estate Of n. MeNsughtsn.
The daily register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1863-1864, 1864-01-18
!: ,TAE enormorous national banking scheme

ria The enormorous national banking scheme
Of the Secretary of the Treasury, says the
Louisville Democrat, is going into operation.
Any association, by the purchase of Ger
tain amount of natioual bonds, can Issue
notes to circulate as a currency, redeemable
in lawful money Of the United States-that
is, greenbacks. There is no gold in sight
in these institutions. unless the Supreme
Court of the United States should declare
the legal tender part of the arrangement
Unconstitutional, in which case the grand
national shinpalSter factories will fail; for
they will then have no lawful money Of the
United States to redeem their issues with.
In the meantime, if one holds a note Of
one of these establishments, he has pro-
mise of the corporation to pay him the
amount in greenbacks if he presents it
ALI that is promised him is another promise
to pay, and the latter is at thirty.fve per
cent. discount in real money of the United
States. Of course this second promise will
be per cent. less, compared with gold,
than the greenbacks, and the latter will
disappearlas as acurrency, leaving these Sc
cond rate promises to nay to fill the chan
nels of circulation The trash will not be
even uniform; for these national banks
away off in the woods will be in less credit
than those at more accessible potts. If the
credit of the Government should fall, so
that legal tenders would be at fifty per
cent. discount, these national bank notes
will fall.still lower.
Whilst the national debt is piing up, We
may naturally expect its credit to be more
and more severely tested; and the waole
currency will become cheaper and cheaper
If it perishes at last it will not be the worst
result If the system were firmly estab-
Eshed, it would grow into moneyed pow
er that would control both the Federal
Government and the States, and serve to
consolidate central, overshadowing des-
potism of the meanest sort.
To give all advantages to this banking
system, it is proposed to tax State bank
paper out of existence.
When the State of Maryland undertook
to tax the United States bank at Baltimore,
the court declared the act null and void. 1t
was first settled by the court that nar
tional bank was constitutional but if a
State could tax it, then the State might
tax it out of existence, and thus nullify an
unquestionable power.
Turn this logic round. 1t is settled that
State has right to incorporate banks offs
sue; but if the United States can tax
them the United States can nullify
this unquestioned power of State. Now,
we deny that the'Federal Government can
thus nullify State power. We believe the
court was right, after deciding that ma
tional bank was constitutional, in deciding
that State could not tax the institution,
and the same logic protects State banks now.
We know that logic is useless against
power just now; but when the country gets
sober the old landmarks will have to be OBJ
served, and these national shiupasters will
have to compete with State institutions.
The daily register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1863-1864, 1864-01-18
wilson's Speech on Senator
Davis.

The Senate chamber was yesterday the
arena of one Of the most disgusting exhi-
bitions which the illiterate and vul gar
Senator Wilson, of Massachusetts, ever
made of himself. 1t were charity to sup
pose that person merely drunk with the
intolerance which fanaticsm so easily sets
seething in narrow minds; but Mr.. Wilson's
speech to persuade -the-Senate to expel
Senator Davis has so much more gall in its
bitterness than he commonly commands
that the reader is lett to suppose one of two
things: either that Mr.. Wilson has been
pricked in some tender part-perhaps by a
fresh discovery of the difference betwe en-
himself and a se.f-rospecting gentlema n;
or that well. founded fear of some coming
revelation, like that Of the corruptions in
our custom housH, drives him t. haunt be-
fore the public eye his uneasy and bastard
loyalty.