The New York herald., 1864-03-22
III %, 1861 WITH SUPPLEMENT.
yxlafSr RIA CON & tTaS3.
~ BlRsc SESSION.

TLlafSrY-EfGH rH CONGRBS5.
~ ~ BlRsc SESSION. FL
Senate.
$500 M WASHINGTON, March 2l, 1864.
nulrAks INTERFERENCE ElRcnoSs.
The vcs PREuENr submsted the report of the secre-
tary War communicating compliance wisb the Teso
Of she Senate February s. information 10 reia
she orders Mavsnas NJ the States Of
Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri and Maryland concerning
elections 10 hose States ordered 70 lie on the table and
be printed
surARy AND WAGON RoAp
Mr. GRnE, (ep Iowa. offered tho resolution Of the
Legislature Of iowa favor o. the construction Of mill
ary wagon road from point the west side OF
Missouri river The mouth Of the Nohrara river,
Reicsres % tho co%%iilss on territories ~
fnE DONATION CLAIMS on OREGON AND WASHINGTON Z.
q ne n sSa
ton Territories Referred 10 the Committee on Pubic
Lands aa7 a sN-N &
nv. LARs, trep Of Kansas introduced bin 20 amend
the for grant OF land 10 Kansas In alternate sections
70 aid construction OF certain railroads and telo
graphs said State Refsrrsd 20 the Committee ON Pub
ran s,Ayp ENLISTMENT Mrl.
Mr. wnsox, irep Of Mass. called up the bill 70 pro-
mote enDssnsents In The army for other purposes
molten 70 recommitths bin vas ost-ayes IA, noes
Mr. w,leos modified bis amendment 50 read after
ahs word wife "or !he womas recognized - soen.n
ment giving compensatt,n to the loyalowncrs
x sIss n.:, ~
point three commissioners, whose duty shall be 70
make just valuation to DO awarded 70 loyal for
plainly written provision Of the constitutions and every
State had similar provision that no person shall be de-
o NE liberty 2, property without % & due s o. o.
slave mustered into the service, not only without
any just compensation but without compensaticn at
all. He would ask there moro fragrant VIOLA
ti0n than that by legislative body? lie supposed that
tho average family Of slave would be wfe and three
children Their price wonld be sixteen hundred DOL
lars with the husband twenty -four hundred dollars
yet was proposed 10 take this property without any
Northwest wero taken as tho negroes OF loyal border
States proposed TO be- would tho Northwest submit
10 in No, sir They would have resisted. II would
have been injustice and " would have been their
right resist until just compensation afforded for
the property taken The govornment was not entitled
10 this property until Just compensation bad been
| made for il.
Mr.. Doo,rrtE, trcp Of Wis., said Congress had in
terest In the property taken When we dd tae
property for public pay for it, prov ide
the legal means by which the party owning II may
ceive payment. II not necessary that the money
should be paid down. but that the party should have
assurance Of his pay II the legislative power in the
exercise Of sovereign dominion in behalf the people
whom represented chose to assume the power TO esti
mate the value OF property 1t could do So He main
tanned that there was no violation Of tho constitn
tioD In this. Congress assumed the power, when II
abolished slavery from the District Of Columbia TO
judge Of tho value of slaves from all the circumstances
and surroundings at three hundred dollars. Could
agent do what could do ourselves? That would
| make the creature above the creator.
Mr. DAVIS said the Senator's was 10 his opiu
Ion, whipping tho devil around the stump II assumed
that Congress might do n person what IL might do by
transaction for taking private property for public uses
He tMr Davs) assumed that the power OF Congress in
this resnect was restricted by the constitution not
10 conflict with the laws established by the State govern
ments Otherwise We had government OF unlimed
powers. II Congress had the power to establish these
agencies, let II assess damages through them let the
provost the value tho property taken
Under tho amendments he had offered every proceeding
quasi judicial action before tho courts, capable Of
being repealed Mr. Davis denied that Congress had the
TO the value Of private property taken for
The principles Of the Common on law w. Magma a'' Char ar
| Ia and the decision OF the highest courts
liable 10 be enlisted ten thousand allowing wife
and three children 70 each slave, would take forty
Of compensation whatever Was Il strange that he, rep
resentng Kentucky with her hundred and fifty thousand
hs
stinct he did not do So II gentlemen on the other
in his position they would form the same conclusions
He believed II the press Of the country left frec
Institutions longer preserved. He desired to
courts delivered from provost marshal and military sur
veance. Unless this was the case, there end to
constitutional liberty in the land
Mr.. WILKINSON, (rep) Of Minn., said he favored the
original bin because II was not only 10 favor Of employ
ing all the slaves which could be mustered into
The Snrthens " Of war from the shoulders
OF the white young Of country, but he
vored il because no believed il would work the cmanc
patton Of slaves everywhere He believed that the peo
pie settled down upon conviction govern
mcnt not only TO be government, but aso TO
be free government; that when this war should be
ended slavery would DO ended too that there should be
slavehodipg tyrans to rule the political affairs OF This
nation OF that influence left TO destroy the peace
and happiness Of this people He would not stop to in
quire whether the measure was constu iona or uncon
stitut,opa The only question with him was:-Does the
law or necessity (that law which the Senator from
stit1tion require or Justify it? He believed did. Tie
argued that Congress- in enactng measures for carrying
the power 70 free every slave in the land He said that
/ slave was person and not property, within the
meaning Of the constitution, and being person
| he owed hts first allegiance 10 tho government
ana the government had the right 10 call for and accept
his service without any conf ensatcn to the person who
claimed that service BY virtue OF the local law Of any
particular state, in the same and to the
extent as it takes The apprentice without making
| pensation TO the person 10 whom be is bound lie re-
earded IL his first highest duty by his and
by his vote while this war lasted 10 strike directly Al the
e ana Tss wns o TO iks al up
armies. lie would free every in the land no matter
whether be was claimed by rebel or loyal person.
was not only our right but duty, 70 knock OIL the
shackles from every limb and let the bond 30 Free God
ard humanity demanded IT,. He defended the President
from the charge made by the Senator from Ohio (Mr.
shermaD) Of backwnrdness meeting and dealing with
the question Of emancipation and the employment Of
a very bad grace from one Who only . short
time ago, spoke moved and voted in favor OF sending
soldiers who had peried their lives in helping to put
down this rebellion back slavery the compensation
Christian nation was TO give those who had gone out TO
nght her battles was owing to the position taken by
the honorable Senator himself that st the election
Ohio last fall rather than to the backwardness OF the
President, who was far 10 advance Of the Senator and
those who voted with him on that question He nstanccd
the Presidents proclamation The President, com
mander in.chief has the power by proclamation, Dot
only TO free the slaves bat 10 strike the institution
Itself The freedom OF the slaves In the Territories
which the proclamation applied had become accom-
pshed fact The President could abrogae modify
his proclamation lie could slaves but he could not
make slaves OF free men.
EXECUTIVE SESSION.
Tho Senate then went into executive session. and
| shortly afterwards adjourned.
House OF Representatives,
WASHINGTON, March n, 1864