The New York herald., 1864-10-29
EXPLORATIONS IN AFRICA.

EXPLORATIONS IN AFRICA.
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Doctor Livingssone's Account OF His
Travels n Airica.-gPa vets OF the zam-
hesf Expedition, and scenes by the
May-yhc Negro in his Native home-
ssa WorE-sports-A Drsn x ng Bouf-
bihve Hunting, a nd Cotton Growing.
A. the meeting Of the British Association for the Ad-
vaneemeut Of Science held in Bath, the l9h Of sep
iectnfe-ln order that the have 20 offer may
DC ceay understood, is necessary to call 20 minci
Expedition being sent out; and mont ~ you are, no
oeuos aware that previous to the discovery Of Lake
Nygan aud the web watared country in which the Maka
loo dwell the idea prevailed that large part Of the IN
terror OF Africa was composed OF vast sandy deserts into
which rivers run and were lost In journey from
sea 70 So, across the continent, somewhat norih
OF the lake 1rst discovered, u found that
there, too the country was well watered LarSe
tracts OF fertile soil were covered with forest ADD occu
pied with cons iderabis population We had then the
torn Of the continent revealed u be elevated plateau
somewhat depre sed IN tho CENTRE with hssures a. tho
sides, by which rivers escaped TO the sea- this
great fact In phy geography be referred 10
without mentioning the remark able by poihoss by which
Socety !r H. hurchisonl clearly dclt e,sj u before
was verified by actual obseF Fvaon Of tho attitudes OF the
country ana courses OF The river. was pnbiished IN
one OF bis fanous Anniversary addresses aud ho has
been equally happy in his last address IN poong out the
ancient geological cond ion of tho Interior Of this oon
nent as probably the oldest In the rid fact who
were on the spot could bat dmly guess Hut he seems
and concentrating them focus way one clss
cin accomplish. iGbeers) We understand II only after
followed the famous travels OF DR.. Barth and Francis
Gallon The most interesting discoveries OF Lake ZRnga
nyke and Victoria Nyaaza, OF Captain Burton and Cap
tain Speke whose sad oss all deeply deplore,
and aaain OF lakes Shirwa and Nyassa the discoveries
OF Van der Dccken and several Others but last OF ALL the
grand discovery OF tho main Of tho Nile, which
every Englishman must feel pr 1ud know
lished BY our countrymen Spoke and Grant, In all this
exploration the main object In view been merely
TO discover objects nine days wonderto gaze and be
Razed at By barariausI would not give 1g to discover
tribe with tails but In proceeding to the west
tan W " II
might be inirs duced TO aid missionary eff -and was
vry %nch struck by observing tho dec,d;d influence
several hundreds OF niles from the found
piracy had been abolished and that the slave trade bad
been 80 far suppressed to he spoken of thing OF
the past that lawful c'mmerce had increased from
go 600 In ivory and gold dust between 81 600 900 and
f3000 81 900 900 of VIII ch in palm oil to
country that over twenty missions had been csab.
ahed with schools in which ~ 600 pupils taught;
paratve peace established IN large portions o the into
rior; and all this at time when, from reading the
speeches OF well Informed gentlemen al home, had come
TO the conclusion that cruisers had done nothing but
aggrayac the evils OF the slave trade we not nnding
what wished by going TO tho west asst, came down
the Iambesi ~ the east coast and there ! found the
country sealed up Tho efforts had been made by
cruisers here the coast but, in conse-
quence " foreigners being debsrred entering the
country, neither traders missionaries I'd established
themselves The trade only IN little ivory and
gold dust and slaves Just tho west coast be-
fore Lord Palmers,on's policy into oreration. II
seemed to me, therefore. that tho Portuguese govern
professed Itself wiling TO aid In opening the couu
try and had large river, the Zambes which being
fun when first descended il seemed a inlet
the higher lands and interior generally knew the ma
tves to be almost all fond OF trading, wnen away
from the Influence Of the slave trade friendly and mild,
the soil iertie aud cotton and other products widely cu
tivated. II therefore appeared that II ] could
open this region TO lawful commerce should supplement
the efforts OF cruisers in the has
done by traders and missionaries the ad
perform good service TO Area and to England To nc
compsh his WAS the main object Of the zaInbes expedi
dorstood that Dr XIX Mr. Livingstone and others COM
posed Il; and when speak in tue plural pumber mean
them, and wh to bear testimony to the zeal and untr
ing energy with which my companions worked. They
never dluncd by dicultes, dangers, hard
fare and were their scrvices required in other
pacity night be relied on TO perform Their duty.
.Tne first discovery We made was naygable entrance
to the Zambes about deg ee west OF the Qul!imane
river which had always been resented the mouth
Of the anbesi, in ORDER msint ined, that the
men-or war might be induced TO watch the fase mouth
while slaves quietly shipped from mo real mouth.
This mistake a,ey been prop gated In a map by The
Colonial Minister OF Portugal On ascending the Zainbesi
We fouod that the Portuguese authors ies, 70 whom
their government had kindly commended US had nearly
all fled down to the coast md the country in the
bands OF The natives many Of whom by teer brands,
had been siaves As they all quite friendly
with us, proceeded to our work ana ascended the
river in little steamer. which, having been made Of
steel plates, a material never before tired, and
with engine and boiler, the sweopugs OF
shop. very SON failed US. Indeed. tho common
pscpc 10 them locked back, wondering what this puff.
ing, ashma,c thing could mean Toe crocodes thought
OF Toast The river ior the arst three hundred
miles Ia from bali mile 10 three miles wide During haf
other hail. the dry season. It s very shallow but with
properly sructcd vessels much might be-mae OF
soon as we could the rapids above zet,ee our n,en
tiou having rignay been TO 50 up FAR tho Great
Victoria fals ana 90 what VIC coud with the Makoiolo
but steamer could not steam -four knot We
then turned t to an ahuept Of the Ianbes which flows
into about one hundred miles from The sea. II Is called
the Shre and as far as know explored by
any European before. II flows in valley about two
hundred miies long and twenty broad. Ranges OF hills
shut in the landscape both Sides while the
excessively
one Of these we counted eight hundred ele
ialion was very large crowds Of natives, armed with
box and poisoned arrows lined the banks and seemed
disposed 10 resent any injury that might DO Unlisted
Bot by and ciYl!ty we gave them occasion for
commencing h stitNs, though they were just on
the point Of dscharglpg their arrows. ON second
visit thoy were more { endly, and The women and chill
drep appeared We had far gained their confidence
that we left tue steamer al Hurchsons Cataract, and
Dr. Kirk and !, proceeding ON foot To the N.NE., dis
covered Like shrwa. This lake large Is is sad to
outlet, md this IL probably the case, its
ecches The scenery around s YER rsau.iu the noun
taios the east rising to height o eight thoussrd
nine tbonso,d ,est: We were now among Manganja, a
offer asked what sort Of fox these savagos arc may
answer they we're Us low rs any we ever met exec Buh
men, yet they oil cultivate the soil for their suscnance
Cuiysling Ilrse tracts of land for gram, favorite
way q using ito produce 10 10 convert II into beer Il
quantl,is; they do become little elevated When q
family brevs large quantity tho friends and neghbors
ave nvred to drink and bring their hoos with them.
friends cd. AZ ether times they large guam.
titles for the same object se regular lopers home
We encrcd ridgc, and found hs peoTte all psy
fether. On seeing the tried irduce tho women
TO away; hu the ladies' too were, mildly pnt
IL, IA little overcome" and laughed at the idea OF their
rrnning The village doctor arranged matters by brug
ips large pot OF the hqad, with the I'M icnon appsr
entity, reducing TO the general level wc the peo
pie generally, " we except the cosst tribes, very
much like these, without she drunkenness wherever
tho izetze exists the people possess cattle, as
this insect proves fatal TO all domestic ami
mails, except the goat, man and donkey. Where
tho slave trade unknown the cattle the only
Of war. The Makoloo will travel month for the sake
Of lifting cattle This s not considered stealing; aud
whom the question 10 put, "wby should you hft what
docs not belong 10 you they return the Scotch answer
"why should these hakaloka Tor black ieows possess
cattle VI they cant'y defend themfn
usvtnc sccurs Al ,he uooS "a an Aha manila hollow and