davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1864-12-24

SIS POST OFTlCE NOTICE.. ID 90 .ala'
JosT oTFICE NOTICE. ~ .es I.gI sgale. nl
L The mails for the United Kinsdom and The UenttneaA
via QueoDssowu Liserpoo. aseamship Ckfx o.
CORK viii Oh ocs Saturday the 3hh DAY 81
December 0k o'clock a. n, oo1 - NE wp teWn ooeo
q follows-
Stations a and D. I9A y. sas et9vz.i befscq
Stations u and ID. ~ A. N.
Stations h ana y, ~ a. u. NC1M .4 zs a@4 NN. I
Station q, "a. NJ
The New York herald., 1864-12-24

Thar appears on such estimate and canvass that q
wholo number Of votes given for the oce OF Aldersn
the Third Aldermanc district three shousaAd four hu
6reo and eighty seven. ~
hundTsd and one. .............. 2
or which George A. Barney received .housand and
seveBty- three.
OF which James y. Ta.hili received nns hundrsd end
OF which Alexander AcGarren received ono hundrsd
or ~hich frsnes X ion r:ceived ana Snndred ana
And Of which ave were scattering votes
The Portland daily press., 1864-10-18
Rates of Advertising:

Rates of Adverttstngs
oneinOh ofspace In length Of column, constitutes
q Square" s
aldo por square daily first week; rs cents per week
sier three Insertions less 90; continuing eve
~ other day after first week, so cents.
Half square, three insertions or less 76 oets: one
week, $I.00; SO conts per week after.
Under head of AMUsEMRNTs, SO. 90 per eou are 1,er
week; three insertions or less, &1,50.
sPRorAL NOTICES, Sl.75 per SQUARE first week,
per square after; three insertions or less 81
half sQcsre, three insertions, Sl.OO; one week, !,
e12s. -
Advertisements inserted In the MArnH STATE
PRsss (which has large circulation in every part of
tine State for 90 cents per sQuarein addition to the
apCve rates, for eaoh Insertion. FsTF
LReAL MOTORS at usual rates, 81 - 4t+iJ
TEaEsseatadT srtieeme2ts must be paid forin ad.
vance.
BUSINESS NOTICES, in reading columns, IL cents
per IKE fer one insertion Eo charge less than fifty
ceats for each Insertion.
- All communications intended for the paper
shccld he directed to the editor Of the Press, and
tAose OF business character to the Publishers.
~ JoB PRNTIKG OF every description executed
with dispatch. 81
e. Tracy, Travelling Agent
The Portland daily press., 1864-10-18
he North. We will not submit to that degra-

the Nortn' we VIII not submit to that degra-
dation." sa
"If you are defeated you will; and then you
VIII nave thoroughly learned what your peo-
PIE nave never, before the war in the slightest
degree understood-how to respect u.s. I as.
sure you friendship follows very close upon the
heel OF mutual respect"
Ihere is much truth in that, sir, and we
are willing to confess that we never even be-
neved the North would fight; and while there
Is certain feeling of respect that has been
forced upon us, we hate you all the more no W
because We despised you before"
ARRIVAL OF REFUGEES.
During this conversation, which have writ
ten out because 1t is a fair picture Of opinions
OF the Georgians, frequently expressed to me,
long train Of wagons and ambulances from
Atlanta, provided by General Sherman, had
driven into the space between the outposts,
and deposited their freight of women and chill
dren, with their household furniture. Thcse
people seem to be almost entirely OF the low
er class. The more wealthy removed fro m
Atlanta when the shelling commenced; only
those remaining who were willing to take the
risk OF shot and shell and the possibility Of fed
eral occupation. W
The dust from our Wagons had hardly
subsidized when the sharp crack Of the whip
and the loud cries of train-master and mule
drivers announced the arrival OF the rebel
convoy to remove inside their lines, for pro-
lection and sustenance, the people whom Cen
eral Sherman had refused TO permit Hood to
throw upon him as . burthen. Bidding adieu
to the ladies, and with kindly grasp of the
hand fIom Major Glare, we departed from
Rough and Ready. For several miles from
Atlanta our course lay through the encamp-
ment OF troops comprising the Armies of the
Tennessee and Cumberland, To the right
and left stretched out long lines of splendidly
constructed rife pits; here and there upon
commanding points heavily Fashioned forts
overlooked the country. The afternoon was
slowly waning into evening. Groups of SOL
diers were scattered in the openings Of the
forests, some engaged injecting supper ready,
others watching the play of their fellows, and
all enjoying much-needed rest from the tolls
of long and arduous campaign. ~
The Portland daily press., 1864-10-18
First National Bank.

This Bank will convert the sevensthirty notes ma
tsring Aug. 10, and Oct into six per cent bonds
Of 1881, in all the denominations in which the note
were issued. viz-s5o. $780, $500. and q. l.oon-as 8
commission Of 4per cent.
sli5s W. q. GOULD, Cashier.
Portland Lulv 40 1s84-andtf AAa.L.l
The Portland daily press., 1864-10-18
"A Rare Chance for Business"

ON account of my health, I will sell at a bargain
" the following property, consisting Of
House, Stable, out-buildings and Store
Also 40 ACRES OF LAND of the very best de-
scripton The house is III stories with q piazza It
contains ten large finished rooms Also lar &c Eli
well arran ged and very convenient. 49,
The stable is large and finished for q number Of
horses; there are also two large sheds adjoining.
The above are well adapted for o hotel and stable
he store is in good shape, and there s NO better
place for trade in Cumberland County.
The above property Is situated In the plasant viii
lage Of Upper Gloucester, twenty miles from Port.
land and within two miles of three Depots on the
Grand Trunk Railroad. EEWALL GkOSE,
Upper Gloucester
Inquire Of cHAs. s. GROSS, at 81 Commercial
street, Portland, ociSdH
The Portland daily press., 1864-10-18
s4O.OOO.OOO.

Sbscrtptions will be received by the Treasurer Of
the United 6tates, at Washington, the several As.
sistapt Treasurers and designated Depositsres and
by the $40 ~ -.e4 +.
First National Bank of Portland, Maine.
All respectable Banks and Bankers, throughout
the country, will give further information aud
afford every facility to subscribers.
Aug 20-d&w2m
The Portland daily press., 1864-10-18
c = : : -
STATE OF MAINE.
First Collection Distrio+,
SPECIAL INCOME Tlx
AssEEsOR's OFFIcE, ~ Exchange street
Portland, October IL, 1894

AssEssoR's OFFICE, 20 Exchange street
Portland, October IL, 1854
DURsUANT to the provisions Of "Joint Reso
by the Congross of the United States and approved
by the President, July 4th 1854 hereby give pub
lie notice to ali persons and parties interested that
the Assessment List, made up in compliance with
said Joint Resolution, will the 18th day Of Octo
ber, 1884, be deposited as follows - The Lists for
the County of Cumberland at my ONCE above nam
ed and the list for the County Of York at my DWELL
ing house in York, in said County of York. Said
Isis will remain In said places Of deposit for the
term of ten days, and during said term Of time they
will be open to the inapection and examination of ali
persons who may apply to inspect the same in or
der that the ampest oppor unity may be given for
the detection of any fraudulent returns that may
have been made. and any omissions that may have
occurred; and for this purpose seek the co-opera-
ton of all tax paying citizens,
And further notice ia hereby given, mat after the
expiration of the ten days, aforesaid to wit: on
Wedne sday, the 26th day said October the uuder.
signed will be present at his office aforesaid, to
ceiye and determine any appeals which may then
and there be made to him relative TO any excessive
or erroneous assessments made by the 3
SCISSORS within the County Of Cumberland and ap
peals from the assessmepts ofthe Assistant Assess
ors within the County OF York will be heard at my
dwelling house In said York, on Saturday the 10th
day ofsaid October
llappeaIs to be made to the Assessor. must bs
made in writing, AND specify the particular cause
matter or thing respecting which decision Is re
ouested and must also state the ground principle
ineouality or error oomplained Of. So
NArH,L G. MARSHALL, Assessor.
Dot t14-eod to 20 oaf. 4 s. "a
The Portland daily press., 1864-10-18
FINANCIAL.
U. S. 7-3O LOAN.

The Secretary of the Treasury gives notice that
subscriptions will be received for Coupon Treasury
Notes, payable three years from August Is, 1854,
with semi annual interest at the rate Of seven and
threetenths per cent per annum, ,-prinoipal and In
terest both to be paid in lawful money. M
These notes win be convertible at the option ofthe
holder at maturity into six per cent gold bearing
bonds, payable not less than five nor more than
twenty years from their date, as the Government
may elect. They will be issued in denominations OF
fifty, one hundred, five hundred, one thousand, and
five thousand dollars, and all subscriptions must
be for fifty dollars or some multiple of hfty dol.
lars.
The notes will be transmitted to the owners free Of
transportation charges as soon after the receipt Of
the original Certificates Of Deposit they can be
prepared. ne4ss 4ta i sau
As the notes draw interest from August 49, persons
making deposits subsequent to that date must pay
theinterest accrued from date of note to date Of de-
posit. .srsg s., se.eo sfs ssI.s,.fss.s
Parties depositng twenty-five thousand dollars
and upwards for these notes at any time will be
allowed commission OF one-qnarter Of one per
The Portland daily press., 1864-10-18
EDUCATIONAL.
Prof Masse, a. M.
Recently of Phiiadelphia,
Instructor i'm the French
and Latin Languages.

LESSONS In schools and families lectures In
~ schools, explanation in French Idioms. A ma
Bellies letters in Charlesmagne College one Of the
first institutions in Paris.
For further paaticulars, apply at Messrs. Bailey
as toterm, SO, will be given. O
REFERKNCEs. s9
Hon. " II. Seward, Secretary Of State. de
Rev. Bishop ". B. Stevens,D D., Of Philadelphia.
Rev: A, Cleveland Coke, OF Baltimore.
Prof Q. D. Cleveland, Of Philadelphia.
Prof u; Coppie, Of Penna University.
Geo; B; Emerson, Esq, of Boston.
r. II. Dana, Esq., of Boston SEQ
Epes Sargent, Esq, Of Boston.
It. Rev. Bishop I. c Brownell, D. D.. Hartford,
DR.. e. p. LeProhon, Portland.
Hept5. d2m a
The Portland daily press., 1864-10-18
UMBRELLAsl UMBRELLAS 1
Dissolution.

Dissolution. sgd ea
fSHE copartnership heretofore existing between
a sweat and Cleaves as Attorneys at Law, Is this
gay dissolved by mutual consent The affairs o1t the
ia,e nrm VIII be adjusted by either party. 81 E. &
,z sweat viii continue In business at oface NO.
III MiGdle street, Mussey's Row.
a, Leaves at the Office of Howard Cleaves, No
u middle street, over Casco Bank
a bass .aQ3 l.. D. M. SWEAT,
Portland, July 10th, 1854. iy1sdas
The Portland daily press., 1864-10-18
PORTLAND DAILY PRESS,
JOHN II. GILMAN. Mditor,
published at No. s7A EXCHANGE STREET T'py
N. A.sF OsTER 81 co.

raaPoRrLAyD DAILY PRHssis puOiishea aa'@0'Vo
per year.
Tn MAINE STATE PRsss s published every Thars. g.
dsyrnorpi1g. at $500 per snnum, In advance; Szz5
If paid within six months; sno "A'oo'" psyment Do
delayed beyond the year.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1864-12-15
The New Veteran COrp<.

The organic OF a new veteran army
corps, Consisting Of not less than twenty
thousand men, is now in progress. This
project is understood to have been con
ceived BY the g.l!an. General Hancock,
who, although disabled from active duty
by the severe nat Ire Of an old wound,
still turns with ardor to DO his county
some signal se,v.cc. The inducements
which are olFtred /, the discharged vet
Grams are great The term Of service
will be but single year; the bounty
which the Government offers Is $500,
payable upon. muster into the service,
Each recruit who shall preserve his arms
TO the end Of the term Of service will b.
allowed. to retain them az his own prop
erty and as the honorable testimony Of
his faithful service in the national army
The officers for this new corp, will b.
commissioned from those who have serv
ed at least two years honorably The
priva,os will include those who have
seryad-at least two years. G'n. Han
cock, with his headquarters at Washing
ton, will, it is expected, give his personal
attention and Efforts ~ The enlistment Of
the requisite number Of veterans fer this
corps, which must away. have peculiar
prestige Success to the First Veteran
Army. Corps.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1864-12-15
rea ,Aai.,.o, G~,e,,, Baker !. .pxious

m sA1issant G~serst Baker il snxious
to obtain information in the following
cases: VIM. o. Jones, Co. F, 18th Iowa
Infantry, vas wounded q Lovejoy's Sta.
ton, Ga, the b.!lenteripg near the right
ear and coming ont near his right eye.
d.. Fsrr dressed the wound. A. report.
ed 10 Gen. Baker, jones was taken to
Atlanta and there procured pass to
come Aun., but there is some doubt il
he moved North. lie might have bcco
left q, the 4sh corps hospital at Atlanta.
If say solder who accompanied him a..
ter he received his wound can give any
infFuafion in relation to Jones, it is re-
aaesHa that he write to Jones mother,
I.l ~ II Jones, Columbus City, Iowa.
Chsl9ss Henry Powers, reported -
enlisttd h. Go. F. Gath Iowa Infsstry
las. March, ~as sick Al New Orleans end
sometims In epiember was sent North.
He lied co the taa,, Sept. 18th, 1861,
and CAS- bnried It Cairo. 1t j. alleged
,hs. Ne had money and watch with him
at the tire Of bis des,h, that two Of his
company saw 40 Iopa .Stote agent and
The .SHrgcoa in charge NJ the boat count
the mou' y, aud the iniimation seems to
b tba, some one. State Agent, or
pretended Ssa'c AscH. may have retained
the money Iii desired that apy officer,
a,eu, or soldier vii! give the Adlu;snt
Gsns.sl information in this case. "@'
Ifaay State Agent OF Iowa has retain
ei say ,r perty of any Iowa soldier
wi;ssut a,5ca1pts - f,rward the same to
the friends ii the deceased, We Lave no
deu6, sa'dsgent vii at once be removed
from ofhse upon proper representation
10 iht State authorities. In all cases
State Agents should report TO the Adju.
,sn, GearraI'- cffce the amour: received
Of al elects they may have of deceased
sJ!Iier. and any disregard Of this duty,
rs havE no doubt, will subject the agent
to dismissal, aud such other proceedings
as the case may demand.
Adj1,.n, General Baker desires infor.
nation in relation .oa Mr.. M"iker and
Dr. Davis. who are said to be travelling
in this State to settle with c'ainal's
a.ains. The Lafayette and indianapolis
railroad, or any other Tailtoad. Any in
fo-nstion will be gratefully received By
the Gere-s' we haze mr. dupts
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1864-12-15
Price. Is cents per Boz, or Boxes Tor 81
Prepared by Dr.. J. C. AVER & Co., Lowell, Mass

The State Of lore, Cedar Comfy ssi
Jesse o.s Sitzer, Trustee, Leg". Notice; ere.
va. clio sure. District
W. claypoo', Mary FL. Court, Dec Term,
len Lynn, ct al. 1854.
TON CLAYPooL. Execut,r Of the estate
of William LINN. deceased, Mary Ellen
Lynn. George Taylor Lynn. 1homas Mthohgsi
Lynn, Horace Smith Lynn, sarah Ll'zanesn
Lynn William White yun. Ida Linn --foh
will each take notice tim, there is now on
file in the Office Of the Clerk of the District
Court in and for the county Of Ee1aF aad state
of Iowa, a petition OF jesse @. >wazer, on the
equity side of said court PRAYING the fbreclose-
urc of mortgage given by William Lynn, on
the l4th day OF February, \ u. lsfo to saia
plaintiff, to secure three certain rrotnissoiy
notes of that date; one for $4,000 pay able ia one
war: one for $4,000, payable in two years ana
one for S., 600. pays IN three years from danf
each with ton per cent interest, the interest pay
able annually; said mortgage exeented upon the
following lands: All Of section number ten ~,
the North half Of section number fifteen tlos
and the southwest quarter and the north han o'
the southeast quarter Of section number Hiteeh
n51, also the east half Of section nnnlhsf seN'"
teen, III. also the sas'. baf Of the seaihehs'
quarter OF section nine l9f, all in TOWNSHIP nun '
Der eighty one tSll. Of range number two ~
west, also tie southwest quat'er OF the soatn.
west quarter e section number nine 81, 81 town.
ship number eighty one LSli Of range nhthpe,
one "a. north Of the 9Th =. NJ; all Of SAID ANY
in Cedar county. Iowa. aud coutainih. ~ Il
l,6!o acres Of land said petition prays that sa,u
mortgage be foreelosed and said lands sold 70
satisfy the claims OF plaintiff on said notes anu
other relief. t.4 -str
] na unless yod appear and defend said clam am
on or befo the noon oEihe second day OF tho
next term Of Said eq.Ft t2 he be'a on Inc ~ ~
day OF December, 4. ID. 1861, dctapit VIII ~
en- cred against son, and decree rehaeteu -
prayed for in said petition
JESSE O. SWItZER, Trustee
Piatt & Sricer. Pins atys lpf ICE si''"V
Dated Scl,t. 3oth. 1864. ret#5 VIZ
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1864-12-15
SAVE YOUR WOOD.
'sTHE LITTLE GIANT"
OR gE.. GENERATING
VAPOR STOVE,

For all kinds Of cooking, heating Flat or Sad
Irons, &c, d.., without either Coal or Wood.
BY this great invention, We are enabled with
ONE CENTS WORTH OF SEPTIiIA to de- all
the cooking ordinarily required for meal in a
family of six or eight, and with the greatest dis.
pate and perfect cleanliness. and great savng
aiao in time, as these Stoves can be heated As
we'll as extinguished in a few minutes. They
| are perfectly safe. do not get out Of order, and
can be managed by any one: are portable, and
can be used in any part of the house. a. they
make no dirt, need no pipe, and will not heat a
room in the least. Heretofore no Stove has been
40 constructed where the amount Of heat could
be instantly controlled, and regulated to any
degree desired. This. IN Baking. Boiling, Broil-
ing &C. il especially one Of the features OF the
/ Littc Giant Come and see it. Now on exhi.
bition At A. II. PERRY'S Grocery store.
Stoves for sale by a. y. PEhEl,
| Sept.l, 1864. Upton, iowa.
From c. IL Scn1IxEs,a Adyertsinz Agency. Chicago.
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1864-12-15
PEACE DECLARED r.!
a;ASSD a. GyENORE,S.

After a months campaign and the succeeding
terrific onslaught and obstinate resistance OF the
Fort Emporium on Fifth street, the welcome
news Of peace will rive such JOY to the Coatless,
Hatiess Shit'lcss aud Sh itless, as the certainty
81 peace would N~rs t. the hearts Of those
who live in war times. The past week viii Le
ever memorable most cycntful one IN the
annals Of this crusade upon tAsAD GILMOHL :
celeht atca Clothing and all kinds OF Gentle
mems Furnishing Goods. Euf 81 cciai reporter,
armed ard equipped Ie Iardless of expense, ar
rived, as-nsu,ti, II the scene of action in time
TO nothing a. tle occur cncc; but after a few
inquiries II IN very rehalle gentlemen, aided by
Il most fertile lma -iuat!og, noted down the req
or.s CE3an yc-Nitachs 10 t3e last en- agement
OF tho Goats and GrceNhaekS. ] he a,saiiantS
attacked the Emporium front and rear and Wci c
met by the bland, st sflis. No sooner had they
enterehsl ae lines ii the finest Of goods in the
country. than they were sciz' aroani their
neeks, mvusQrca mti re,tGlscI Tor want Of anmu.
milton. with "A dist lrE
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1864-12-15
the SINGER SEWING MAC1ivEs.

Z
Our Letter A Family Sewing Machine
10 49, saiaiees wpviS~tss 2 putss tsJs i,
hey osd desbs he beA and eAeapsss - mos
besusisui Of Ill Family Sewing 11Ehj - yet
offered 70 tbefsS.ic. ~ other Fsnsss esSina
Machine has SO many useful appliances for Hem
ming. Binding, Telling. Tueking EsAherfng
Guasing. Braiding. Emtroidering. Cording. and
so forth. No other Family Sewing Machine has
leo duct espaelts for 9 gress variety q wo,k.
II will sew oil kinds Of cioth and with all kis.ls
Of thread. Great and recent improvements
make cur Family Sewing Mac ine most reliable.
and most dsrabis, and most certain 1t oil rates
Of speed. 1t makes the inseriocked stitch,
which is the hes. stitch known. Any one. even
of me most ordinary capacity. caA see, At .
glance. how to use the letter A Family Sewing
Machine. Our Family Sewing Nachioes are
finished in ebaste and exquisite style. .,,t
Tie Folding Case of the Family Machine 10 .
piece Of cunning work msnsbip Of the most use
full Kind. 1t p.oseets the macbin when not in
use, and when about to be operated may be
opessd - . spas isss and ssss,assiai liable
sustain the work. Will. rome Of the Cas- :,
made ont of the choicest woods, are fSishsd in
the simplest and caastest manner possible, 9th.
ers are adorned and embe lished in the most
costly and snperh issnssI. @.sv~ 4eEr
1t is absolutely necessary to see the Family
Maehine in operation SO ~ to judge Of its gre At
capacity and Leauty. 6.
II h fast becoming as popular for family sew.
ing - our Manufacturing machines are for mar
ufacturing purposes.
The Branch Offices are we'll supplied with silk.
:~;S,. tA-e ae. needles, oil, kc, Of the very best
quality.
Send for arANrBLEr.
The singer Manufacturing Co..
45S BROADWAY, NEW YokK. =
nwaukee, 0Gec, II Newhah EIoas,
And CHICAGO Office, SO Clark 1t.
GEO. L. DAVIS, Agent, TIPtou, Iowa.
(aa2] u 49,. liz rg.faas,. :. ..~..s~
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1864-12-15
Eslray SOrrel Colt.

- ~ g TRAYEDtrom he subscriber, living
Tl~~o in 4 fp.on-s time in last May. >
~, SORREL COLT. .s@s =
Two ,raIs old next spring. bind feet white Up TO
the shank, white star IN the forehead and . little
sbite On one nf the fore 'eet. .@
laerai reward win be paid any one return.
Ing o. giving information were said colt can
~ found. EDNAHp KINNEY.
Tfptsn fnrs Nav. l7tl, lssL
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1864-12-15
GUARDIANS NOTICE.

Notice is hereby given that there IS now "a
nlc in the County Court Of Cedar county ,pm",
petition Of Caleb Iawiey, guardian Of Latna na
IIaMley ana Sarah Hswiey non cpmpo!es, ~ .,,c
that hi said guardian Nc authorized 70 seii
real cs,ate of said wag,is and that said Pe.il'ua
viii be for hearing at tho next term 81 s'''
conrt. on the :sth lay Of Nov. lssi. ,.ase
utj-3 }. =. VIVA -, -
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1864-12-15
HOWARD ASSOCIATION,

s@ PItLADELPHlA, PA.
DISEASES or THE NERVOUS, SEMINAL. UKl.
L. NARY AND OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES and relia-
Bile trca'ment-in reports 81 the HowAgn Asso-
cIArIoS-Sentby mail in sealed letter envelopes,
free II charge. Address, DR.. J. SKII.LIN
H0IrGIITON, Howard Association. Nc sonth
Ninth s;fsS. Phi''.'.iIhi., IA. ~
The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1864-12-15
AELMBOLD'S
Genuine PrcparatiOns.

COMPOUND FLUID EXTRACT rTCur- a Posi-
tive and SPECIFIC remedy for disease OF the Bladder
Kidneys, Gravel. a nd Drop-icat sHei!ings.
This medicine increases the power Of Digestion, and
eAr. the Absorbents into healthy action, hy which
the Watery Calcaf eeus dispositions. and ali rnpst
urai engagements reduced, well as paiu and in
Gamation.