The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1864-09-17
DR., LIvINGsToNEs EXPEDITIONS.

DIR. LIvINGsToNE's EXPEDITIONS.
The Pooua Observer of June q, contains an
account of visit paid on the preceding day TO
the Free Church Institution in Poona by DR..
Livingstone, who was at the time the guest OF his
Bxcelency, the Governor of Bombay, at d lporee.
We take the following from its columns DIR.
Livingstone arrived about II o'clock, accom-
panied by Captain Leith, and was received by
Mr Gardner the missionaries, Major Candy,
Mr. Ross, Presbyterian chaplain, Mr.. Mitchell,
several officers, and other gentlemen. In reply
TO a request from Mr.. Mitchell that he would
give his opinion as 10 the prospects of South
Africa in regard to it's future civilization and
trade, DIR. Livingstone stated that those pros
pecls were not nearly so bright now rs they had
been when he arrived with the expedition at the
mouth of the Zambesi river in 1853.
They had procured the assistance and cOunte-
nance Of the Portuguese Government, and an
.oIGer TO its subOrdiuatgs 10 give them every aid
and support. The harbOr was a remarkably fine
. enc, and everything promised well when they
made their first expedition up the river. They
found the neighboriUg country thckly peopet,
and some caution was required to avoid any de-
mOnsration, lest they should be attacked from
the banks with the arrows of the natives, VINO
knew no Europeans hut the Portuguese, and g,grg
not disposed, from what the an. y of them. 10
give strangers d very friendly reception.
When they came down, however, they found
that these hostile feelings had disappeared and
that they were We'll received. Tne expedition
was sent out by the English Universities, and
accompanied by the excellent and devoted Bishop
Mackenzie, who was so regardless of his own
com fort that there is little doubt he lost his life
there by. The Portuguese had long carefully eV-
cudeu all other Europeans from the country; he
himself had Obtained access TO IL on a former
occasion by entering it from the South, and
coming down the river, when they could not for
very shame compel him % go back. This was in
"a
dition was allowed without difficulty to enter the
country, as Just stated.
On ascending the river several catlrlcts we're
encountered, Which Dr. Livingstone had not seeu
when he came down. On tins account they took
the direction OF be Shire river, and assembled the
beautiful valley Of that name. 10 contained
thick population. hourishng villages, and fine
cultivation. Above was an eleVa ell pla-eau some
thousand feet abuve the sea, which rOngiy re-
seubltd the Deccau, except that 1t was covered
with tees, ana which, like the valley, cOntaine
a large population But about tnlt time the
Portuguese sold quantity of fire arms aud am
muuitlon to one OF the tribes, TO be paid for in
slaves.
The tribes, thus armed, swept the whole neigh
boring country like a scourge, killing the m IN
in the villages and carrying of women and chit
dren into slavery. This produced a terrible
famine Ia which large numbers OF the survivors
peIished and the fine valley of the Shire was
TRANSFORMED literally into a valley of bones
Whole villages were found without people; II
was impossible TO walk half mile without seeing
skeleton lying by the way, and you might opeI
the door of a hut and hnd skeletons lying inside
-someIimes two siue by side with a little skele
ton between them.
On another expedition they assembled the mail
stream of the Zambesi, passing thirty-hyG mile
of rapids, and reached Lake NYassl, which wa
go miles long and 60 or 70 wide. Above II wa
range of bills, which proved when they ha
aScended it 10 be another plateau or tao'e-land
nearly 1000 feet high, extending for many mi G.
and tlled with villages aud cultivation, To
goveTnmt mt was OF the patriarchal form, eac
village b,iog entirely independent under its ow
heao man OF chief. They had no central govern
ment, and each chief had 70 be negotiated wit
separately. In one respect there Was a grei
contrast 10 this country, for there we're slaves
every village chained and working for thei
masters.
Tbev were inhabitants Of other villages, VIII
had been Bidnipped and brought into clptvit
They we're held OY collar round the necS, {
which a louk stick was attached, and they wei
thus secured for the night, or when m tde 10 tray
pushed along 10y the proprietor whl held q
other END Of the stick and followed. Many of q
slaves were quite little chr drcn VII ise paren
had pro- al b,en killed, for DR.. Ll'ings one
NOT believe iha their muthers sold them. The
house were like those made by the poorer na'iy
Of this country N he villages.
IN rely 10 various questions, Dr. LiYugs.ol
stated That the Cultiya ion by The African ntiiy
was very good, thOu-h H. was entirely carried &
with hoes. Trcy were very iudu,UiJus az
whole families worked m thcr -luigu., VOL
were OF ,n ycr' large men, women, and allidr
an tOEt.ltr, Gu infant iu adttl1a HelU[ , tTl
times tCen brpO -i,d nl,r % hedge. Ilt
grew beans OF all kinds, uuwrhius, wtih., ar
lice. but not whr"t nor gran, Co ton tl
grew, spur, and wuvr themselves Iney had
tradc, cvt,p, occasion It tu JUDttao, nor N
idea tf money, and they haa 20 Gerry with tls
on the expedition "a large quantity o.. cali,
glass beads, and brass wire, for purposes
trade; aud here also they were liable 10 disl
pointment, for if the glass beads were not
the kind in fashion among the ladies Of &
village, you were done they would not
taken on any account.
They hod 10 idea " letters. nor ever anQuir
any. HCgdiHg appeared 10 them a sort af wJo
craft ara thCy often amused themselves With c
chief, by yfiiiug a word in large letters a
sticking &c up, when one by one members OF {
expedition would whisper it, without any pi
vious consultation, into the ear Of the chief w
tfet an ever new surprise at the accomplishing
The plopo on the coasts we're of the negro tyi
but with much variety Of head and feature, al
mnst hy no means be supposed that they
resemhled the negroes outside the tODlccons
shops in England. lie thought that by estsblis
lng permanent British settlement, by grad
MY opening trade among them, and the 'nt
uueuoh OF missions, their condition might be II
PiVeHi pnt the occurrences he had desCrib
hau LOT INC present done much 70 hinder al
measures of the sort
SIR HENRY HAYEs.--At the Spring Ag.izos