New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1864-05-21


duced upon the western continent after the close
OF tho sixteenth century. America, on the other
hand. has partially repaid her debt to the Old
World. The potato and maize are valuable addl-
tons 20 the field agriculture Of Europe, while The
tomato IL no mean gift &C. her kitchen gardens. Not
so nuch can he said for tobacco, the use Of which
filthy weed, Mr.. Marsh regards as the most yul-
Ear AID pcrncioGs habit cnsrafted by the semi
barbarian Of modern civilization upon the less null
tiaTous sensua lism OF ancient life"
Beside The vegetables alluded 10 above, many
plants of smaller economical character have been
the suhcc; of international exchange III very recent
times. Busbequius, the Austrian Ambassador OF
about the middle Of the sixteenth
century. broueh; home from the Ottoman capital
tie lilac and the tulip Clusius, Belgian, about
tie same time brought the Lorse-chestnut from the
East. he weeping willow OF Europe and the
United States IS said 10 have Strung from sup
received from Smyrna by the poet Pope, and planted
BY lin in an English garden. All the European
and American oranges are declared by the fortn-
cucSe to, have sprung IRON an Oriental tree trans
planted 10 Lisbon. and still, living in theast genera
,ioI~ but This claim lacks s.lccsi7e proof The
present fiyortc iowcre of the partoIros o. Europe
have been imported from America, Japan and
other Oriental countries within a century and
half Indeed there are few vegetables Of asricu!-
i.ral Importance few ornamental trees or plants,
which are not now common 10 the three civilized
continents.
Tie statistics az vegetable emigration, as pre-
scntod by Mr. Marsh. exhibit many curious results.
The lonely island OF ST. Helena, for example, at
the time II It's discovery IN 1904, produced about
sixty vegetable species. lts fora now comprises
seven hundred and fiIy spccirs. The faculty ol
spontaneous reproduction suToscs greater power
OF Gocon u.ols,,on than We ind in most domerti-
Gated p'an,-. Although every wild species Affects
a habitat Of particular character, it will grow
under conditions extremely unlike those Of its birth
place. Thc seven hundred new species which have
found ,heir way 10 II. Helena within three cen
mrirs and half were probably not in ycg large
proportion desirnedly introduced there by human
art. Asa general rule, it may be assumed hat
man has Intentionally transferred Tower plants than
he has accidentally into countries foreign 20 them
Tarcs follow the wheat. The weeds that grow
among the cereal gains, and form the pest OF tho
kitchen garden are the same in America At III In
rope Some years age the author made a collection
of weeds in tho wheat fields Of Upper Egypt, and
another in the gardens on the Bcsphorus. Nearly
All the plants were identical with those that grow
under the same conditions IN Ncw-EnglGnd. The
change from one locality 10 another il effected by a
thousand casual circumstances. The upsctung Of
tie wagon OF al emigant in his journey across the
" q Ia be
seeds pc -Del for h.s garlen. The herbs which
FIJI so important place in the rustic materia mcdi-
ca Of the Eastern States spring up along the prairie
paths just opened by the caravan OF The settler.
The hor;us siccus Of botaIist may Accidentally
SOW seeds from the foot OF the llinalayas Oh the
plains that skirt tie Alps II is fact frequently
Observed that exoics trsls planted 10 foreign
climates suited TO their growth escape from the
'novcr garden and naturaiize themselves among
the spontaneous RECITATION OF the pastures. The
straw and grass employed in packing tie sculp-
lures Of Thorwaldsen were scattered in the court
yard Of the museum in Copenhagen where they are
deposited, and the next searon there sprang from
the seeds no less than twenty-five species of plants
belonging to the Roman Csmpagna. In the cam
paign OF 1914, the Russian troops brought IL the
sufng of their saddles seeds from the banks OF the
Dnieper to the valley of The Rhine, an even IN
troduced the plants of the sieppes into the enyrons
OF Paris. The Turkish armies in their incursiOns
into Europe brought Eastern vegetables In their
train. and len The seeds of Oriental wal-p!lnis TO
grow upon he ramports of Buda and Venice. The
Canada thistle is said to have sprung up IN Europe
two hundred years ago, from seed which dropped
out of-the stuffed skin OF bird.
The details given by Mg. Marsh respecting the
transfer Of animals from one habitat 10 another are
equally curious and interesting. Although We
have no certain knowledge Of the history Of our
domestic animals, it may be presumed that ihoy
have been reclaimed from an originally wild state.
The camel vas not employed by the Egyptians
until a comparatively late period in thoir oiyiiisa-
ton. lie vas unknown 20 the Carthaginians un.il
after The doWnfall OF their commonwealth. Hisiu-
tgoduc.on ind Western Africa is moro recent at'l.
The Dtct..tu carc, a| l.o"s,' hom A@a hlno7
totLc northern shows o. ,as hiacA 81, ~ ibe
Go,As in the Third OF fourth century. The drome-
dary has been carried 20 the Canary Islands par
tally introduced into Australia, Greece Spain, and
TUSCANY. and finally imported by the American
government into Teas snd New Mexico where II
finds itself at home and promises 10 be a valuable
agent in the progres. Of the country. America had
10 original domestic quadruped but species Of
elk, the llama tribe, and to certain extent, the
bison OF buffalo. For the horse, the ass, the OK,
the sheep, the goat, and the hog it is indebted to
European colonization. Some interesting attempts
hayo beon made in modern Europe for the inporta-
- ..I.
strongly marked success. The reindeer was sue