The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1864-07-23
srArr sovEnEIaNry IN nIxIE.


IRON ne TiRUHe.
The Calhoun theory Of state Rights is the
ayowcd basis Of the Southern Rebellion. Mr.
JEFF. Davis Is accustomed 20 speak Of the Federal
Government as an alCnt Of tue several States,
and Of Secession as "tho dissolution Ofa !caruc."
In his view, every State has at All times beel at
perfect liberty 10 withdraw from the L lon, and
may choose it, own mode and time Of doing 50;
and whenever it shall have proclaimed It, own
withdrawal from the Union, 1t is relieved from all
responsibility thereto, and any attomp; thereafter
70 make e fulfil It's Federal obligations bsconus
"coecOn" and "iuyaIon," oyerb5ariug rtglt
and justice by brute force.
The sincerity Of the propoundcr5 OF this theory
! Is about to be put to q searching test, Us tOl-
lows -
The State Of North Carolina was simply swiu-
died into Seccss on Her people, after Mr. Ii -
coins election, not only voted uVcrNhomingy
that they would MT s,CCde, hut-tn o-der TO
guard against all possibility OF notwithstanding
voted thar their Convention, though all tut uuIut
mousy Union, should Mt meet. Hct when For
Sumter bad been bOmharded and reduced, ant
the PrCsiGcnt called for 1000 militia TO defend
imTehcd Washington, concerted ciamsr was
raised that l. nColn wos wnging uuproSoted war
upon the South, AID N'rth Carolina thereby lied
into rebellion. Had the tr,th but been known
20 her people, she would have spuraed ncr Oe-
trayers with indignant horror.
AZ her ensuing state election, she chose for
from her mountain or frec.ldbor region, be uing
his competitor, Nullifcr residing on the )uSh
Carolina border, by a crushing majority. Vance
was then in the Confederate army, but WAS be-
lieved 10 be nc heart with the people In their de-
testation of the pletteri aud engineers Of scces-
sion; aud accordingly, he for cohsidera2te time
afterwards evinced guarded but effective hos
.tility TO the Richmond despOtism. AT length,
however, Il s understood he WAS placatod by dh-
zling prospects of election to the Presidency as
JefT.'s successor; and he has OF late been stump
a. the State 70 al ay diSatIeCtion by showing that
secession, If not originally right, has become u
fixed fact-that for North Carolina nov to cut
y loose from the Contederacy Is To expose herself
TO new and more formidable, because more proX-
innate enemies than those she is now resisting; so
that hard ns Is the necessity she has practically
no choice but TO Stand with her Southern sisters
and fight to the last.
Another State election is 1t hand, and Mr.. Holden
late Of the Raleigh Standard, conpetes with
a Colonel Vance for the GOvernor5hip as "Peace'
candidate, and will obviously receive she woes o
most Of those who supported Vance In 1862. j
the latter l. reelected IL must be by the votes O
those who opposed him as little better tnau
'Tory" and "Sunmissonist' two years ago
The prospect of heavy poll fr i"ldcn-pcrhapi
even O majority Of the homo as distinguished
from the amy vote--so alarms the leading Con
federates that they seeking 10y every device
to reduce that VOC so far as posi- ,le. Tue kich
mond Examiner Is, OF course, conspicuous 10 thl
Our RI aders can easily presume the Examiner
general liue of arg .mvnt IN the premises, 50 "
'forbear citations. But what can it say as t.
Estate Sovereignty, thG right OF Secession, an
the dissolution OF a leagucl" Hear it On hi
point
"IfHotth Carolina cease art Of the co1tedarac
ana part ol the Federal union, wIcn /, nc wa
with us she thereby, the instant. declares sgan
tie Con edtraey IhA, sac dld, In tag middle OF On
Join her enemies against her friends might be bia
historic record In the future; but wou not 0e pe'c
would Le only the begibnngn war it Il not - he sni
posed that NINA and Soih Carolina would submit
should oeci ra tsef enemy nsIead Of ftGnd They
rttemonlous use OF its rairnads and short work Of
towns. We do no. see that the 90 N9Lt1 Etats S)n
Massachusetts, ana declaring war against south Csroln
"it Is useless aud Is .nen deceive, vie, 'praa
meu say vaguely. as we observe they dh say aud imp
for t,eif than continue tho VAR Csr,suy, N,ih Car
lima eau agd may secede At any mlm at ron the ~
federacy this is not matter susceptible OF arumcot
constitutional right snc m y secede ard then 0itey 10
seem good ii The dessrtng interest N de ncip
and the deserving vote be indeed 80 st,onS ana pr
ccnsoGncuSes. In the hrst place, c she set ,
for herFelf and pretended 20 ne utraity, and IL 4
Federal Government admitted that prctsnson, IN
She would be bound to al the dutes OF neu aIs begwe
sage to the Federal tri1ps hr ugh her tctry, auL
require their evacuation 'f all the aces which they ne
with tho state; beca-se pOrmt tao Fedorals To u
North Caro- ina Hs depot OF roofs aud arms, or bi
would be bound to refuse passage 10 CJneders
troops and st9'c; because e. grant It would pc @n act
war against the Fcdnrals Bul no!her OF the lelsGrea
would submit to be thus ordered oI' her tore, No
both TO enforce her nentrtlty and indepnndcnco
would have gained nv her se essOn the hOuOr OF being
time the principal battle 'gTOund ~ che war.
zone Is Utmost hamed 90 argue 20 simple matt
We only so In order 20 show ta' this lec rus pree
OF Confederate \ ate 'sctinS uD for Itself nesoualng
separate peace aud the like, simply means, peics c
our enemies, and rdr upon u.s.
Taking ones own physic has tested the faith
many learned doctor ere nov; buiwc can
member no more pungcnt cXoibltiOu tha1
above of the utter ahsu dity and futilitY OF {
Southern dogma of State sovereignty and
right Of Secession, TIE Examiner sees plaiu
enough that there hC H. secession from
Confederacy, though thai il ay1wedly based
Secession; but bnaEing up che Union is qu
another matter.
The difference, however, :mOuuts in prIct
to this lyon, North Carolina, could abaHd
the Union because there was no power at ha
10 compel you to Oremau; but yOu can't leave {
Coufederacv, brcause, with Virginia on one s.
ard South CarOli, on tue other, we can preyt
you, and we will" In other words, the law
the strongest oYcrrdes all others, aud
shsrpest sword bears sway. Isn't 1t mar
that with such principles trG COntsdclacy can
succeed IN getting let alone ?
THE PRESIDENT AND PEACE.
Prom Ge Time.
T...,un.. Let Ti..g;l.rt I iu.,l, i5.,,5