New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1864-06-15
MEXICO AND SOUTH AMERICA.


MEXICO AND SOUTH AMERICA.
The arrival Of Macmillan in Mexico, is OF
length an accomplished fact. lie reached Vera
Cruz on the 2sth of May, and after brief 80
joun, continued his journey to the City OF
Orizaba, where he was on the 3lst The road
to the capital is as yet anything but safe, and a
large guard had therefore to accompany the
new Emperor, to protect him against the guer-
rillas. Of the attitude of the Mexicans, on this
OCCASION We are not sufficiently informed to e1.
press a judicous opinion. lie inaugurates his
reign by proclamation oyerlowing with pro-
LESSONS of devotion TO tho cause of Mexican
integrity, and with promises of far-reaching re-
forms. That he should make the utmost efforts,
to aid in the political and social Improvement
Of the country, is natural enough for on the
success of these reforms will depend, un-
doubtcdly, to large extent, the duration Of his
stay. For the present, none Of the leaders OF
the National party shows the least inclination 10
submit TO the Empire.
simultaneously with the news OF the
arrival of Macmillan in Mexico, we
receive stirring accounts of the contin-
uing aud increasing war excitement in
South America. Nothing, We are told. is now
talked of throughout Central and South Amer
lea but the Spanish aggression. All party diff
ferences in home politics have been set aside.
The long and inyeterate quarrel between Chill
and Bolivia is no longer thought of by either OF
those States, but all States and all political
parties unite in denouncing the Spaniards and
preparing for war. SO warlikc are the prevail
ing sentiments that in Chill two Ministers who
protested a wish to settle the difficulty in a
diplomatic manner had to resign their offices to
satisfy the public feeling.
We learn from Europe that the news Of the
occupation Of the Chncha Islands had just been
received there, but no official announcement
has yet been made which could throw any new
light upon the intentions of the Spanish Gov
eminent. The English Government had de-
clared in Parliament that it had no knowledge
of the reasons which caused the occupation Of
the islands, and the Spanish Ministry confined
itself 10 expressing the hope that the difficulty
would soon be peaceably settled. We have,
therefore, no clue yet to the policy that Spain
may see fit to pursue. We only know that the
Spanish Admiral Pinzon, who now holds the
islands, has dispatched courier across the An
des 70 Buenos Ayres and Brazil to hasten up the
rest of his squadron and that, in a recent note
10 the Peruvian G Government, he acknowledged
that his instructions when leaving Spain author
lied him to commence hostilties against the
ports Of Peru. Whether the unexpected amount
of warlke excitement and indignation at Spain
may not somewhat modify the. at present, I'M
doubtedly belligerent intentions of the Spanish
Ministry, remains to be- seen.
IL may be doubted To what extent an infer
ence from the warlike enthusiasm Of the people
Is TO their real strength, in case of war with
Spain, would be justified. We can, however,
point ont, with high degree Of certainty, two
important facts in the present movements in
South America, which cannot fail to have an
important bearing upon the future OF the south
ern half of our continent.
In the first place, the current Of public opin-
ion seems to be 80 strong as to have entirely |
destroyed whatever sympathy there may have |
been in some OF the Republics with the European
forms of government. We hear OF not a solitary
attempt in the Republics, States or districts
which have generally been under the control Of
the conservative party TO defend the policy of
either Spain or France. The President of Peru,
who was formerly charged with fayoring mon
aTohical sentiments, has taken the lead in sum
moning the whole people Of South America to
the defense of their republican institutions.
Ecuador, which was represented as being al
ready under the control Of the monarchcal
party, is responding to the appeal of Peru with
no less yigor than the other States. This una.
nimlty We Judge, must greatly intensity the
republican sentiments especially OF the rising
and thus strengthen republican
in South America.
We regard as a hopeful sign the yigor which
is displayed in warlike preparations. The
statesmen Of South America seem to compre-
bend the weak point of their Republics, and to
be determined to apply an efficient remedy.
Peru and Chill, the strongest among the South
American republics, are aware that they have
no navy to compete with that OF Spain. Both
have, therefore, at once taken suitable measures
for supplying his want From Peru We learn
that workmen labor day and night IN works of
oilense aud dcleuSe; that " enthusiasm of the
people is producing extraordinary eAertons;