davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01
Gen John Raattx.

Brigadier General John Beatty has retired
from the service. The General reported full
company to the Governor of Ohio two days
after the Presidents fist proclamation. With
out influence he rose by daring and acknow-
ledged merit to Br1gadier-General. He has
been almost three years in the service and re-
tires without failure or mIs-step to blot his
record.
We clip the following from the MorroH
County Herald:
From late Chattanooga dispatches to the
Cincinnati Gazette. we learn that this distin-
guished young officer has resigned his COM
mand, and will probably reach his home in
this place in few days. General Beatty en-
listed as private soldier at the first call of the
President, in April, 1861, and has been con-
stantIy 10 the trout since that time.
He served with Mcclellan and Reynolds in
Western Virginia; with General q. NJ. Nit
chell during his brilliant campaign il North
Alabama with the inVincible Army of the
Cumberland from its earliest organization, be-
having with conspicuous gallantry in dozen
severe engagements, and at all times doing
honor to the service.
His splendid conduct in the battles of Perry
willie, Stone river, and Chickamauga, and his
high soldierly qualities which those terrible
engagements made conspicuous, are too we'll
known to the country to need mention here.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01
NO. 1.
From CaliSonia.

The following resolution, from a series re-
Gently adopted with great unanimity by the
California LegisIature-in the Senate, 27 to
"A is tribute to President Lincoln of which he
may be proud:
Resolved, That in Abraham Lincolo, Presi-
dent of the United States, we recog nize puri-
ty of life, singeness of purpose, the far seeing,
conscientious statesman, the uncompromising,
unsullied patriot, the aim of whose life is the
preservation of the Union, and the restoration
of peace upon the immutable and eternal foun-
dation of freedom, and freedom only; that to his
wisdom, sleepless watchfulness, unselfish pa
triotism, prompt action, and determined will
to pursue the right and abandon the wrong.
the people ofthege United States are indebted
for the proud position which they this day oc-
cupy on the great map Of nations; that when
we consider the great ordeal through which
this man of the nation has passed, unscathed
and untainted, it is not strange that public con-
fidence in him should remain unshaken; and
that while we revere and honor other and noble
patriots who have performed SO well their
several parts in this great drama, the people
still look to Abraham Lincoln as the instru-
ment selected by Providence to lead their
country in safety through all its perils, and re-
store it again to peace in which no elements
of discoEd shall be found, and that we do most
heartily favor his reelection.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01
Very respectfully,
MARY s. GRAVES.
HEApQUARrERs, 18th Army CoRPs, }

HEADQUARTERS, 18th ARMY CORPS,
DEPARTMENT OF VIRGINIA AND N. c.,
FORTRESS MONROE, March IA, ga. ,
MY DEAR MADAM: 1 am truly sorry that
any Union officer of mine has attempted to
fritter away the effect CT the oath of allegiance
to the Government of the United States, and
to inform you that it means nothing more
than passive obedience to the same.
That officer is greatly mistaken. The oath
of allegiance means fealty, pledge of faith to,
love, affection and reverence Tor the Govern
ment, all comprised in the word patriotism,
in its highest and truest sense, which every
true American feels for bis or her Govern
ment.
You say, Il cannot understand how a wo-
man can support, protect and defend the
Union, except by speaking or writing in ia
vor of the present war, which I could never
do, because my sympathies are with the
South"
That last phrase, madam, shows why you
cannot understand chow woman can sup
port, protect and defend the Union"
Were you loyal at heart you would at once
understand. The Southern women who are
Rebels understand well chow to support, pro-
tect and defend the Confederacy, without
either speaking or writing" Some of them
act as spies. some smuggle quinine in their
uuderclothes, some smuggle informal o n
through the lines in their dresses, some tend
sick soldiers for the COnfederaey, some get up
subscriptions for rebel gunboats.
Perhaps it may all be comprised in the
phrase, "Where there is a will there is a
way"
Now, then, you could support, protect
and defend the Union" by teaching the schol-
ars of your school TO love and reverence the
Government, to be proud of their country, to
glory in its flag, and to be true to its Corsti-
tuition. But, as you don't understand that
yourself you can't teach it to them, and,
I am glad to learn from your letter that
your school has been closed since Christmas,
and with my consent, until you change your
sentiments, and are loyal woman in heart, it
never shall be opened.
would advise you, madam, forthwith to go
where your "sympathies" are. 1 am only
doubtful whether it is not my duty to send
you.
1. have the honor to be, very respectfully,
your obedent servant,
B. F. BUTLER,
Msjor-General Commanding.
To Mrs. Mary S. Graves, Loeustville, Aceo-
mac County, Va.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01
A G RI G ULTU R A L .
Northern Sugar.


At recent meeting Of the Farmers Club
of Kansas, at Topeka, an essay on the cultiVa-
ton of Sorgho and Imphee, and the manufac-
ture Of Sugar therefrom was read by Mr.. g.
B. Lines of the Wabaunsee Formerly Of New
Haven, Conn., and discussion ensued there
on, from report of which in The State Re-
view, we gather the following conclusions:
/. The soil and climate of Kansas are well
adapted TO the production of Sugar from Sor-
gho and Imphee. The absence -infreqnency
of rain in the later Summer and Autumn
cenduces to the ripening Of the plants aud the
sweetness of their juice.
2. The production of Sorgho Sirup in that
State, ranges from 80 to 16O gallons per acre.
3. From seven to ten gallons ofjuice are re-
quired to produce each gallon Of merchantable
Sirup. - 'i
4. Slight frosts on the cane do not diminish
the quantity nor injure the quality of the Juice.
Nor does heavy frost iDjure the Sirup, pro-
vided the cane is thawed and crushed immedi-
ately. Cane solidly frozen, being ground di-
rectly, has yielded good sirup. If cane Sc.
verely frosted or frozen is left to thaw, fer.
ment and sour, the juice is spoiled, of course.
5. In some cases, mixture (5ybridizationl
Of the Sorgho with Broom-corn has diminish
ed the sweetness of the juice, in others not.
We conclude, however, that the safe way is
to plant both Sorgho and Imphee remote from
all other varieties of corn, whether Maize or
Broom.
6. The usual price paid to farmers ia Kan
sas for their sirup is fifty cents per gallon. It
is often put through some process of manu-
Gacure and then sold as New Orleans molasses
at IS cents.
T. Both Sorgho and Imphee improved by ac-
climatizatiOn. In almost every instance, each
plant does better in any section the fourth
year than the first.
8. In boiling, fresh juice should not be ad-
ded to that partially boiled away; and it is IN.
furious to stop the boiling at any point. Cooks
Evaporator (which receives the juice 10 one
continuous stream and evaporates it at once)
is generally preferred.
9. The Sorgho is generally preferred to the
Imphee, but Mr.. Lines has black seed Tmphee
to which he gives preference. 1t is a little &
earlier than the Sorgho; whereas the white
seed is later
TO- Sugar is made from almost any kind and
by very simple means Nothing seems to be
gained by the addition of chemicals. But very
many fail in their efforts to reduce their sirup,
TO sugar, and the general conclusion seems to be
that the law which governs the process Of
granul4tion is yet very imperlectly understood.
But each years experience increases the sum
of knowledge on this as on other points.
IL. Kansas already produces more than
half her auual consumption Of ''sweetening,"
and each succeeding year adds greatly to her
product.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01

Colonel E. W. Peirce, of the twenty-nnth
Massachusetts,, furnishes the Bristol County
Republican an interesting biography of his
black horse. Since the commencement of the
war the animal has Travelled thousands OF
miles, fallen overheard from a ship, been in
the thick of many battle, stolen by guerril-
las and recaptured, all without injury.
There were 81 deaths among the rebel pris-
oners at Rock Island last week, Of which 81
were from smallpox. Thus far there have
been 736 deaths-396 from this contagion.
The Rhode Island Union State Convention
met on Tuesday. The delegates chosen 10 the
Baltimore convention were recommended to
vote for the denomination Of President Lincoln.
The Pennsylvania Senate has passed an act
fixing the 4th Of July as the time for voting
upon the amendments to the constitution al
lowing soldiers to vote.
Our Sanitary Fairs are filling all Europe
with their fame. The trains Atlantic papers
exclaim their amazement at the amount of
money this very American enterprise has re-
ceived.
CALIFORNIA GOLD ExPoRT.-Since the Ist
of January $ll,1lO,O2O in gold has been ex-
ported from San Francisco-an increase of
$3,059 ,873, compared with the same time last
year.
Arkansas is free State. The new Constitu-
tion forever prohibiting slavery in that State
has been adopted by the people. The entire
Free State ticket was elected.
at Selma, Ala, the price of calico has ad.
vanced from $3.50 to gil per yard; corn
briggs 81 a bushel, and -four $ll5 a sack.
Deposits of rich brine discovered at ST.
Clair, Mich, at depth of 682 feet below the
surface. Several companies have already been
formed for the purpose of salt manufacture
Fifteen State Legislatures and Conventions
have declared their preference for Mr.. Lincoln
as the next President. .--,.
North Carolina shad are selling in Rich
mond at $l0a$2O each. Wood brings $35a
$44 per cord.
Gen. Neal Dow and the other officers re-
Gently released from the Richmond prison,
unite in saying that though the rebels may
make hard fight during the present cam
paign, they can hardly muster strength for
another
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01

WHEN MAPLE MoLAssEs WAS FIRST MADE
We presume few of our readers who set down
to their buckwheat cakes, and pour the lusci-
GUS maple syrup on them, bave any idea of
the date when the latter luxury was discover
ed, or what place had the honor of giving it
birth. A chance note IN an old volume of
DOdsleys Register furnishes that information .
In the volume 1765 under date of October, it
is stated that a method of making sugar and
molasses from the sap of a certain tree called
the maple, common in New England Colon
les. has lust been discovered and put in prac-
tice in several portions ofN New England, but
especially at RernardStoWn (noW in franklin
County. Mass.) about twenty miles from
Athol. The Register spoke favorably of the
article and thought it would prove useful.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01

GENERAL GRANT ON THE CORNER STONE OF
THE REBELLION The following extract of q
private letter from General Grant to the
Hon. E. B. Washburne, dated August 13
1863, sets at rest tie question of verac1ty
raised By the Herald with Senator Wilson
who gave the substance without giving the
extract language. of it in recent speech
The people of the North need not quarrel
over the Institution of slavery. What Vice
President Stevens acknowledges as the cor
ner stone of the COniederacy is already knock
ed out. Slavery is already dead, aud cannot
be resurrected. It would take a standing
army to maintain slavery in the South if we
were to make peace to-day guaranteeing to
The South all their former constitutional privi-
leges. never was an Abolitionist, not even
what would be called anti-slavery, but try
to judge fair and honestly, and it became pa
tent to my mind early in the rebellion that
the North and South could never live at
peace with each other except as one nation,
and that without Slavery. As anxious as
am to see peace established, would not,
be willing TO see any settlement un-
til this question is forever settled"
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01
Why ChiIdrnn Die.

One reason why children die is because they
are not taken care Of From the day of birth
they are stuffed with food and cooked with
physic, sloshed with water, suffocated in hot
rooms, steamed in bed clothes So much for
indoor. When permitted to breathe breath
of pure air once week in summer, and once
or twice during the colder months, only the
nose is permitted to peer into daylight. A lit
tie later they are sent out with no clothing at
all on the parts of the body which most need
protection. Bare legs, bare arms, bare neck,
girted middle, with an inverted umbrlIa to
collect the air and chill the other parts of the
body. A stout strong man goes out in cold
day with gloves and overcoat, wooden stock
ings, and thick double-soled boots, with cork
between and rubbers over. The same day q
child of three years old, an infant flesh, blood,
bone and constitution, goes out with shoes as
thin as paper, cotton socks, legs uncovered to
the knees neck bare; an exposure which would
disable the nurse, kill the mother outright and
make the father an invailed for weeks. And
why? To harden them to mode Of dress which
they are never expected to practice. To ac-
custom them to exposure which, dozen years
later would be considered downright foolery
To rear children thus for the saughter-pen,
and then lay it on the Lord, is too bad. We
don't think the Almighty had any hand in it.
And to draw comfort from the presumption
that he had an agency in the death of the child
is profanation.-l Journal of Health.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01

The Frankfort Commonwealth hes taken
very decided grounds againsa the attempt to
merge the Union party in Kentucky with the
Vallandgham Democracy of the North
Never can the Union party says this staunch
old Union paFer, be classed with the party
which acknowledges for its leaders Vallandig-
ham. Seymour, Cox, Richardson g Co.
They may call themselves conservatives, Peace
Democrats or simply Democrats-the Union
men of Kentucky are not to be deceived there
BY. This is the concluding paragraph of an
article in the Commonwealth
Toward armed traitors and their aiders
and abetors, the only conservative arguments
used should be the bayonet, the sword, the
bullet, and the rope. To their sympathizing
friends, fines and imprisoments. Had these
cnnservators Of the peace been used faith
fully and judiciously-not as they have been,
with fear and timidity-the insurrection would
have been crushed and the rights of loyal
mon conserved long ago."
With this sentiment animating the Union
men of Kentucky, it is not probable that they
viii be misled by the designing demagogues
who seek to control their action. It will be
found impossible to affiliate men who have en-
dured everything but death in resisting the
rebellion with men who pander to its demands
and seek by compromise and conciliation to
remove from it the rank offense of crime and
elevate it to the dignity of a revolution
against oppression and wrong.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01

TIE WHEAT CRoP.-Col. S. D. Harris, ed
itor of the Ohio Farmer, says:
Having just returned from considerable
circuit of travel in Eastern and Central
and Western Pennsylvania, we have 70 report
the wheat crop as not very promising. Some,
indeed many fields all along our route, but
more particularly in Central Ohio and West
ern Pennsylvania, look as if they would come
out well, while many others show no signs OF
life at this time. Two or three weeks of sun
shine will tell whether the fields are to go un-
der entirely, or whether they will come to life
again."
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01
How 70 preak Coltu to the Halter.

Take three-eights cotton cord, q piece OF
bed cord will do), make a tight loop, just
large enough TO pass around the lower jaw,
and the cord over the neck, bringing the cord
down through the loop. Then, standing by
the animals side, give him sudden cheek
Then pass oD The other side and do the same
thing. This maueouvering for short time
will learn him to turn without check
Then stand 10 front, and with a gentle pull
the colt soon follows. II be does not follow,
give the colt few more checks, aud 10 q
lew minutes the colt follows with slack rope.
-lC. @. Taylor, In Country Gentleman.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01

The individual who +" waits and watches
over the border" has written a very bold let
ter to the publishers of the Dayton Empire, in
favor of mob law. He speaks " adyisedly -
and plainly he says. No doubt he would
like to see civil war in Ohio but he would
be very careful to " wait and watch over the
border" He does not propose to come over
and help get up q mob that would not he
like him. While so careful of his own body
AS not to risk it, he had better be more mod
est in his advice to others. He beloved like
a calf when he WAS arrested. He would bell
low like calf now If his person were In dan
yer.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01

LINCOLN PREFERENoEs,-Sixteen States,
through Union State Conventions, or Union
members of their Legislatures, have expressed
preference for Mr.. Lincoln's reelection 10
the Presidency. The Ssatss that have 81 r,oken
by Conventions are Minnesota, Iowa, Iudi
ana, Connecticut and New Hampshire BY
Legislatures, Pennsylvania, New jersey, Cali
fOrnia, Chic, Maryland, Michigan, Wise onsin,
Kansas, Rhode Island, West Virginia.. and
Maine.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01
Correspondence Between Gen. Butler and Fem
mime Secessionist.
LocUsTv1LLE, Accomac Co., Va,
Marcb IN 1854

March 10, I6b4.
GEN. B. F. BUTLER Sir-My school has
been closed since Christmas, because, as
understand the oath required of US, could
not conscientiously take it. Having heard
since then that one of your officers explains
the oath as meaning simply that we consent to
the acts of the United States Government,
and pledge passiUe obedience to the same, L
take the liberty of addressing this to you to
ascertain if you so construe the oath. 1 can
not understand how a woman can support,
protect, and defend the .UDion," except by
speaking or aOriting in favor of the present
war, which could never do, because my sym
pathieq are with the South. If by those
words you understand merely passiUe submis-
sion, am ready to take the oath, and abide
by it sacredly.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01

The records OF the War Department, show
that there are two hundred thousand more
men in the service now than ut the correspon-
ding date last year, and farther additions are
hainR made daily.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01

MOURNING OVER REBEL. LossEs.---Medary's
Secesh Crisis of last week is in spasms over
the loss of rebel property, such as corn, meat,
cattle, mules, SC, by our recent raids into
Florida and Alabama. The Crisis rolls up its
New Church eyes, in pious horror, exclaiming
---'' The Federal forces boast of having, in one
short raid, destroyed a million and half of
property ~
When did the Crisis over utter a word of
mourning at the destruction of property by
the rebel leadersG
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01

the war. Ma says that nothing will ever re-
pay Us for the suffering and desolation of heart
and homes. You wouldn't know Little Rock
now. 1t seems like a strange city to me-"
AN INDIGNANT WIFE
SAYS: :. Yoo had best KUN home for the
good 700 are doing follerin' that old full
Price about, he never did hev no sense emmy
how and his folIerers hev less, you better a
great site be looken after your wife and chill
dren."
MOTHERS CONCLUSION.
g My dear Son You had better believe
yore pore ole mother things is come to Orful
pass in Arkansas Southern rites is no more,
everybody about Brownsville has TUX the oath
and think it is high time you were home fol-
lowing there example,"
I have many others to the sa ne effect, but
as the thing grows tedious will close with,
A CHIEF D'oUvRE
OF Mrs Foley, who writes to Isaac, her
patriotic husband of prices infantry"
81 spect yu almoset hev dide this winter
the kold hes ben orfuller then ever see in my
life brefour, and provisions is nifty seace, jest
wish you wood KUN hom and tend tn rasen
yore of spring, provisions ant heer to be gott,
i spin fur evry mouthfool me and yore inner
cent babes gett tu eat, nobody wont TUX Con-
fed mummy no more fur nothing, now ike i'll
Jest give you pece of my mind an that is fur
yu to KUN hom an tend yore family befour
they starve, you jest let the seceshers fitte it
out if they want tu, hev writ you fore times
and ant herd but wonst shuddent wunder ef
yu was killed now at this time Nv ritin' evry
body is goin' over to the feds. Yu just kun
hom, they all take the oath and get commisa-
ries rite off tu etc, eff oil the fules that's left
there families an fteiu wud KUN home then
pese would kun rite off,
But enough of this to enable you to judge
of The general tone of sentiment and spirit pre-
vaIent among the people Of Arkansas. 1t is
evident that they are tired of the war.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1864-04-01

Arkansas Guerrilla Warfars--Rebel Literature
A special correspondent of the Cincinnati
Gazette writing from DuEals Bluff, Arkan-
sas, on the 9th of March. gives much informa-
tion of interest in regard to the State and the
guerrilla warfare, ,as also of the condition Of
the people who have been the suffering vic
tins of this wicked rebellion:
Clarendon, once a thrifty, pretty town Of
some hundreds of inhabitants, is depopulated !;
but two of it's former families remain. The
houses that remain nnburned are dismantled and
abandoned. Some eight families have squat
ted in the abandoned houses, ami The place is
a resort for bandits. At Clarendon con
versed with a native some halfhour. sitting on
a fence. He talked freely about the raseally
guerrilas, and denounced with bitter terms
the depredations upon himself, and offered to
guide Us to their haunts, and quite inspired the
cotton traders with the benevulence OF his de-
sires and extent of bis knowledge in that behalf
As be walked off toward the cauebrake, in
full view of fifty soldiers woman came from
heighboring house, and enlightened me as
to the startling fact that ] had been talking
with the meauest and most ferocious of the
horde in that neighborhood. Our patrols,
not so simple as 1, were not so easily imposed
on, and brought my cOnfding friend during the
day as prisoner. At Iadian Bay, our scouts
discovered native skirling the swamps, and
making for the river on mule. On being
pursued, he abandoned the mule, plunged into
bayou, and swan to the cane, abandoning
Confederate mail bag containing nearly two
hundred letters. From these make the fol-
towing extracts, from which it occurs to me
that you may judge OF the prevalent condition
of affairs in Arkansas better than can des-
cribe it. Being from home to relatives in the
army, they contain no military interest !
perused over one hundred of them. and terror
of guerrilas, disgust of the continuance of the
war; and prayers for peace, ervaded them all.
Most of them are illiterate, many humorous,
some touching, and few rational; space al
lows brief extracts only.