New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1864-02-20

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Among the refugees are many mechanics in the
different trades. In all the large towns, there
plast,:ers and whi;cwashcrs few excellent black
smiths, and some tolerabo carpenters. A colored
man is said BY many TO be the best gunsmth in
| Canada West. In Hamilton there is Aourishing
tobacco mandatory established and carried on by
negroes who had purchased teirown freedom.
A largo proportion Of the colored population of
Canada consists Of adults. Although those from
the Free States rad very little schooling in youth,
and those from the Slave States none at all, very
considerable number are able to read and write
They all wish their children TO 90 to school, and
send them all the time that they can be spared. In
most places, coiored pupils are admitted into the
public common schools, and when separate schools
arc opened for them, they are as we'll provided by
Government with teachers and apparatus as the
other schools. The proportion Of coorcd scholars
10 the white population is almost as large as the
proportion of white scholars to the white popula-
lion. In Chatham for instance, there is one white
scholar to III of the white population, and one
colored scholar TO L. Of the colored population.
The average daily attendance Of scholars in the
colored schools is seventy per cent; in the white
schools, it is fraction over seventy. The black
children, however, do not attend school so many
wears as the white, ard for the reason, doubtless,
that the parents more generally have need of their
services at home
In the mixed schools, the CoOTed children do not
dfcr in their general appearance behavior from
the white. They are usually clean and deccntly
clad looking quite Us bright the whites; perhaps
little more mirthful end roguish. The condition OF
The pupils in the separate coored chocss less sats
factory. With regard to the comparative mental ca
pacity Of colored and white children, teachers differ
in opinion. But however il may be in schools, and
in the power of acquiring knowledge, the theory Of
the mental equality Of blacks and whites does not
ppear TO be confirmed by the condition Of the refu-
gees in Canada. They are quick of perception,
very initiative, and rapidly become intelligent. But
they are rather knowing than thinking people. They
occupy useful statc2s in life; but such as require
quick perceptions rather than mental vigor, or
strong sense.
With regard TO the final solution Of the
question of montal equality, DIR. Howes views
differ, in many respects, from those which
widely prevail among the friends of the negro.
The time, he thinks, has not yet come To-
determine the problem. We must patiently
wait for future developments, No; olly must the
depressing influences Of Slavery be removed from
one generation, but there must be several genera
tons of free men before can arrive at satisfao-
tory judgment on the subject. Admitting that the
coorcd breed has physical vitality enough to main
tain itself in the competition OF coming generations
;or Subsistence il il not certain that IL will exhibit
IN fro la
ing influences Of Slavery. However this may De-
we can, al present, only have recourse 20 conjec-
ture aud inference, and these to point TO the
mental inforioriy Of the mulsitoes, If not Of the
negroes. The former clrss seems 10 DO partially
cmaseuated in its mental organization. II has
fewer elements Of ferocity than either the pure
blacks or pure whites, but also less energy and
yiriliiy less capitalization than the whites, less
naturalization than the blacks. Tho cOloTod per-
sons. with whom DR.. Howe camo ia contact in
Canada. who eyncei the greatest force Of charac-
ter. were either nearly negroes, or nearly whites
,ha, is to say they bore strongly marked character
ls,cs OF one or tho other race; not merely IN the
color Of the .kn but in the other features OF their
organization.
The Canadian refugees preserve the character ior
religion and especially for the love Of It's external
obseryanccs which strongly marks the colored race
in slavery. Whenever few OF them are found in
The same locality the first thing thoy do is 10 pro-
vide for public worship. They have passion not
ONLY for the church invisible, but for handsome
Westinghouse When thoy increase IN number they
split up into various sects Each sect must have a
church odifce of its own They do not wait for the
first one 70 become full, but swarm c whiio II II
alfempty. In this w0y, thoy spend an undue por-
ton of their time aud substance. Many negro is |
eaten up by his zeal for the Lords house. They be-
come sturdy begssrs in aid OF this work. Ihey
level the contributon-box OF ell their rionds-theiT
ministers have canvassed the United States and
Engiand-and BY their appeals TO sectaran interest
have obtained the means Of erecting temples Of
brick or wood, trusting to their Own asal foI gath
ering congregation.
The effect Of freedom upon the negroes has been
to lessen tie manifestation Of roieol in tho mere
IL emotional forms, and 70 increase Il in the form
of morality and good works. Their petty as |
DR.. Howe rather quantity remarks, sis less nasal,
and more practical. Tacy pray less Tehemeniiy'
bp. iie ana steal lees readily"
In connexion with theirreiig,5us character, there
are certain moral qualities in the negro when are
strongly exhibited by tho colonis's IN Calt'i1a' !
Among these are their fcrgiying tcmpers and Their
sgectionatc disposition They cherish no spirit OF
vengeance. and seem to have 10 grudee against
their oppressors. Tho memory OF thor wrongs
aroused few bitter feelings. Even those who hed
TO escape brutal treatment express no dislike 10 INC
whites generally. They often speak OF their o!d
,cis,ress with tenderness and Of her children with