The evening telegraph. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1864-1918, 1864-10-22

obtained an explosion at ~ degrees, which /
indures Them 20 suspect that IL may even he
decomposed at the common temperature. Re
gardinR strength, uccorcingto their experiments,
General Ienhs gun cotton and that OF 10 BOuchct
ere equal. They admit that General Lenk has
been able 10 fire 1000 shots In quick succession
| from piece Of ordnance withpUt spelling the
/ bore. and with a charge OF 4Sl crar1mas Of gun
cotton, but they contend that tho velocity Of i27
! metres per second Is insufficient for practice
Upon the whole, therefore, they do NOT consider
il advisable to substitute IL for grnpowdcr.'
A NFw ADHESIVE auM.
NJ Stohl recommended o new process for tho
consolidation OF ffiabe fossils and other articles
liable 70 break. Hitherto, IN order 60 give sum
Cicut tOlidlty TO sdCn fossils preserved IN
museums they used to be dipped into glue.
I Pieces thus prepared with due cdrc acquire SUM
CiOnt hardness to allow Of their being hudltd H
lectures, and will keep long time PROVIDED tHey
are not exposed to damp. Bat ia The case OF
fossils containing stlt. glue loses all its power,
and in such cases no attempt has been msda %
consolidate them Pieces treated with glue do
not admit Of good plaster casts heing taken or
tbcm The glue swelling under the wet plaster
either splits the model or raises up the pieces of
the mould; or, if there is too little glue to oiieCt
! this a chemical action takes place by which the
surface Of the plaster in contact With the model
is decomposcd, and the finer details are thus
! obliierated.
NJ stahl obviates these inconvenience as fol-
"IIe takes four parts Of common rosin and as
! many Of spermaccu, which he melts and mixes
| together. While the mixture is boiling, he
applies it with brush on the surface Of tue fsssl
/ which becomes hard soon as It Is cold, when
casts may Immediately be taken of II. In tho
case of brittle bur compact substances, spermacou
alone will do. When the fossil is still sticking in
| the earth, and there is danger of breaking it in
! getting e out, the mixture may be applied but
! Il gets cold on the surface and makes a kind of
crust. NJ. Stahl then passes n ballot cotton
! stepped in burning spirits of wine over it; the
| crust Immediately mclts, and is absorbed by tho
| FOSSIL"
MASuRBs.
The Bulsffn de Ia Socistc d'Rnconrngeyne,t
pour iHdNtrio Rationale psblshes in its last
number most interesting paper on vegetable
and animal manure. We learn by this docu-
ment -
lst. That In Paris there are more than 10 900
horses the stable-li ter of which IS made use of
by gardeners, for the culture OF fruit and yege-
tables; and 2dly. That the mud, well as
/ kitchen and dfy-hOuse refuse, deposited after
] dark in the Streets and removed by public
| scayengers, Is instantly collected aud turned to
| use for the benefit OF the vines of Argenteuil or
| the growing OF potatoes; 3dly. That the RUBBISH
flth, as well as night-soil, gathered from
more than $1,000 houses, amounting daily
| to 1000 cubic yards, are employed with
advantage for the culture Of beetIoot,
carrots, cabbage, hemp, and fax. 4thly.
! That the wet refuse of the metropolis which
amounts TO nearly 100000 cubic feet per day,
has not yet been turned to its proper use. This
wet refuse finds its way idto the sewers by street
and house drainage and is carried into the Seine
which it greatly infects. 1t is much to be regret
ted that the cesspOolage of Paris has not been
utilized as yet, for when employed as irrigating
water it has fertilizing effect. You are no doubt
aware that it is to tho household wet refuss that
Milan is indebted for the fertility Of its soil. I'M
mense tracts, which formerly we're barren and
| unprOductiYe, are now Transformed into rich ana
productive meadows. The great difficulty which
the Paris authorities encounter, and which they
have not as yet bcon able to overcome, is how TO
convey the cesspoOl matter to the fields in the
| neiehborhOOd of the metropolis. The question is
3 most important one, and occupies the attention
Of competent men. The SOcete dEucOuragement
therefore, expects a prompt solution of the diff
Guilty, and hopes that the Seine will no longer be
poisoned by the 10000 900, 900 gallons of liquid
annually produced in this city.
FLINT IMPLEMENTS.
In a letter addressed to NJ. Ellie de Beaumont
end read 10 the Academy of Sciences, the Abbe
Chevslier states that near Pressigny Qndre-et-
Loire) a vast mandatory of flint implements
had been discovered. When the flint hatchets dis
covered at or near Abbevle were first noticed,
the large quantity of them found on the same
spot at certain depth led to the conviction tn It
the place bad been resOrted to by the primitive
races account of the unlimited supply of flint
it afforded, and that regular trade of flint in
strumerts was carried on there, much in the way
, of modern manufactory.
In regard 10 the new discovery the Able
3 says $50
on the very surface of the ground; there is nc
walking a step without treading upon one o
them. They consist Of cut nuclei, tomahavks
hGtChets, KNIVES from uVe 10 SIX luCuea III
| N spe8r-heads, scrapers, &C. They are so nu
le merous that ploughmen, when they find then
ts lying in front of the ploughshare, pick them u
" and throw them in heaps on the borders of th
"a field. The ground has an extent of about hfteeI
IS, acres, and the Abbe considers the discoveries a
n, Abbevie to be quite Insignificant compared will
DI these. A few Of the articles are polished. DR.
~ Lucille the ply SiCian OF the place, has had th
d good fortune 10 find hatchet. pOlisher consist
IS ing of block of sandstone about eighteen uche
Is by twelve, with numerous furrOw7, into whcl
O the hatcbCts used TO he inserted for the purpo'
Vi of sharpening or polishing them by friction afte
being previously hCwn into shape"
In reading this communication, says Gdlignan
of the question nvo'unturily presents itself, how
to is pos iblo that suCh rich field af eXpIOraJiO
should have remained unno'iced for 80 long
u period, and whether the very abundance Of tines
lt flint implCmentsis is not sufficient to cast dou|
lie upon tneIr antiquity. The fact of flint impl
of ments having lain for thousands of years on q
NJ. surface OF held, without being either noticed
,s; picked up, or washed away or buried by u
of action OF the violent tans, is certainly much mo
nd wonderful, not TO soy improbable, than any
" the late Bii gular discoveries made in caverns
nd at certain depths below the surface Of the soil.
on 1NoRusTAr1oNs IN STEAM BOILERS.
A plan has been brought forward which co
sists in the substitution of mechanical arranG
lie ment fer the CHI miCa reagents at presentln get
rk- Ia use for the prevention of calcareOus depOS
ain in steam boilers, or their destruction when torm(
es- This arrangement is composed Of a case or b
at Of pierced steel metal, metallic gauze, or ey
tch non metallic tissue, corresponding in shape wi
)us the boiler, in which it is inclospd, and formi
as IL were an opened worked lining kept at
tail slight distance fiOm the inner surface by mea
ia Of brackets. Ii so required, this liuiI
be the meshes or pertOratons of which shOu
au- be finer at the bottom than at the top, may
this made in seNeral sections, which are pass
ing, separately into the boiler by the main hole, u
I at afterwards connected in any suitable way.
the many cases the me allie other tissue may
ded replaced by a simple recipient in a sheet met
8 Of or even iron material without pertOratons,
cut serted in the boil, and secured by brackets.
und this case, the app ratus, instead Of being co
Ives pletely tubular should bG OF gutter form, op
1900 at the top, the ends being left either open
lird closed with pierced metal gauze. The 6rrau
ment is very case and free from complication.
THE PROCESS or ESAMEL sURPACNG.
for II has long b, en- noted that ordinary Garth
His ware il not adapted % stand the varied tempe
turc OF the oven From this fact originated
say idea Of manufacturing dishes aud basins of she
S It's ion or other metals, aud covering them with
drO- coating ofenamel, thus causing Clcm 10 be e
70 from The destroying properties Of OXidizahon a
ne is at the same time be durable-frce from n
,rees liability 10 break when heated 10 any moder
200 temperature. This peculiar manufacture /