Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1864-09-15
NEWS FROM THE SOUTH.
TmDOrtaut Declaration Concerning the
ReeOnsfructtOn of the UniOn--A Dual
Executive Revived-LOOk out for Vir-
gfnIa, &c,, dc.


From the Richmond Enquirer, Sept. sthl
Mr.. Calhoun proposed, as the means of
preserving the Union from the very war
that now desolates it, that the Executive
Department of the Federal government
should be reposed in two agents instead of
one. His dual executive was deridedi but
the wisdom of his proposition, no less than
his patriotic love for that Union Of which
he was charged with being the determined
enemy, is now apparent to all. Two Pres
identsLthe one for the North, and the
other for the South, with the concurrence
of both to every law-wOuld have pre-
vented the election of Mr. Lincoln
and made the Southern States secure IL
all their rights within the Union
But that remedy can now do nothing more
than pointout an analogy. The war has
created the necessity for two Presidents,
two Congresses two Judiciaries, in fact for
two nations. Each independent but not
necessarily Indifferent to the welfare of tho
other. The domestic affairs of the two sec
tions should be managed separately and
exclusively by the people.
If our enemy would but consider the ab-
clifton of slavery among the people of
these States in its practical bearing, the
,ttAr, impossibility of accomplishing 1t
would be apparent T. --s-,ai
pIe was involved, if no interest was atstake,
how could four millions of free negroes ex-
ist ameng eight millions of whites2 The
institutions Of the States of the confedera-
cy and those of the Union are based upon
different and opposite principles; the form
er upon negro slavery, the latter upon
white freedom. The necessities of each re-
ouire a separate government, the good OF
both would be promoted by two govern
mental organisms, and the power and infu-
ence of all, undiminished by the separa-
ton, would always exist in amity against
an assailant Of either.
The American continent for American
civilization, is as much a confederate as a
federal sentiment and, Notwithstanding
the passions excited by this war, the peO-
pie af both sections must ever lean more
on each other than on apy other nation
Our request only could make US the ally
of a foreign power against the United
States. Subjugsted, the people of the Con.
federate States would become the Ireland
the Poland, the Hungary of the Ameri
can continent. But as an Independent
nation the closest alliance that can unite
the people should exist between them
and an insult to one would be an offence
to the other.
The ''natiOnalunity" ofan empire orking
dom may be preserved by conquest, bu
force belongs not to constitutional govern
ments. Compromise is the only principle
by which popular governments can perpe
tuate their existence. When the appea
to arms was made the peaceful remedy oi
compromise was impossible ;and now four
years of war have so widened and deepeneC
the gulf that separates the two sections
that they can never be again united il
peace. Intoxicated by sudden and psrtia
success, MIR Lincoln may imagine tina
our conquest is within his powe
and means. No words o
ours can be more convincing than fOul
years of war, but in theinterest of humanity
will the sober thought ever dispel the delu
sion that by conquest, by arms, by war, {
"Iasting peace can be made between thu
parties in this disgraceful conflict W.
regard this explanation" by the editor o
the Washington organ, referring as it doe:
to the example of Mr.. Raymond for its
justification before the party, as step to
ward lasting Peacs." It abandons tht
negro entirely, and points to Mr. Greeley
as ready to forego philanthropy and Hfree.
DOM for nationality" When partisan
frenzy and fansticism thus reduce theil
extraordinary demands, the more reason.
able and sensible mass of the people, whc
are bearing all the burdens, enduring all
the suferingS and making allthe sacrifices,
will not long continue the war for the
shadow of national unity That people,
as well as cur own, will soon see the folly
Of attempting to live together after such a
war. They will soon learn that in an of
fensive and defensive alliance of the two
nationalities against the world, with sepa-
rate governments for domestic affairs, lies
their true and real interests, as well as the
road to lasting peace" eIE n