New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1864-07-26
THE GREAT WEST.
nc Rmigants and Settlers Guide TO the new
States and Territories.
The Gold Fields.
Number Foor.J
IDAHO.


kwss carved out of large portions Of three otae'
nsrritories, viz. Washington, Dakota, and Ne
,rsaka thus making the chain Of The Rocky Mountains
ayae Il little west Of it, center line. IL exphus
rntance OF ESQ miles from east TO west ana v0O nes
rom north to south embracing upward OF 80
niles.
BOUNDARIES.
Tie Territory is bounded ON the north ny htit.sn
America. east BY Dakota and Nebraska; south by
velorado and Utah. ard west by Washington ana OIe-
pos.
The immense region Of country embraced WITHIN
Aeee lmits--au which the general reader VIII DC
lster able TO realize from the comparative statement
NAT II lie seven times large as the State of New
Rerk and five times greater in extent than the SIX
Nsv England S,ates-was, until within the last three
sonrs trsekess wilderness. Tie rapidly ana e1,en
n mineral discoveries during that period (snce $500
I'VE attracted the attention OF capitalists and miners
ma in defiance Of the obstacles of travel healthy tide
n immigration has forced its way into this new and
elstant land.
CLIMATE AND SOIL.
The Territory Of Idaho extends scross so many de-
uess Of latitude that this account alone II embraces
xreat variety OF climate But, added 20 this, Is Inc
Inference of altitude Of its different sections nom US
Dwest plains and valleys to the high mountain region
which contributes to the same result
TIE southern portion OF the Territory is mild and
BON the testimony Of explorers snd settlers as well MS
Sop my own experience and observation the extreme
sBthern portion il favored with healthy climate and
ssse as mid as that Of many OF the Northern ana
Western States This is particularly the case west OF
NE mountains. In accordance with the wenknown iact
La. the sothe-mal line is further north as you proceed
westward from the Eastern States toward the Paeie
bore.
s1.o llisaa a
vest Of the Ameticsn Fur Company which has an eie'
saon Of 6G2 feet above the level Of the sea- their
Aorses and cattle Of which they have large number
AZ never housed or fed in Winter but get their own
Ehg without difficulty.
The fall Of the temperature, as Winter approaches
appears TO be mueh abrupt east 81 the mountains
b this latitude than at the west OF in tie vicinity o.
Great Lakes
The meteorological record for December is quite
spsmaous and gives extraordinarily high tenpera-
nue At all other military posts Of the North West,
tix: Forts Smelling, Kearney, Laramie, Stevens and
olympia the Temperatures Of December are several 90
gees below those Of November while as recorded al
Fort Benton the temperature in DecembeTis 5 warmer
shan the preceding month.
In the Deer Lodge Prairie In the valley OF the Deer
Lodge River just west Of the mountains, are very line
rmiuc lands Beautiful prairie openings at fre-
Bitter Root Rivers. At tie settlement called Hell
Safe situated at the junction Of the river by that name
end the Bitter Root are several farms which yield all
Re cereals and vegetables in grea. abundance bringing
ssiees that would astoDish farmers in the &GHs as
parties are constantly passing through that region On
shsir way to the mines and glad TO purchase supplies
estimate that in the valleys the western slopes
n the Rocky mountains and extending no farhcr imam
Ae Bitter Root range OF mountains thcre may DC sou
n Qfaflce Of
sith good soils and already prepared Tor occupaton
snd settlement; and that in add,Iion 70 s,' ao0s
here are valleys having good soils ana iaFOrabc lef
ttlemeDt which will be cleared in the removal OF 'un-
IN from them The faint attempts made by the In
Aans at cutvating the soil have been attended WIN
good success, and fair returns might be e4pecte0 q Oh
Such crops adapted TO the Northern states OF our
Scsniry'
Bitter Root river that through the valley, afford
aeeeDt and abundant miI-seats and the land border
ms these is fertile and productive, and has been proved
SsYond a cavi or doubt 10 be well suited to every
branch OF Agriculture
In these valleys much grain is already grown, aud
Npng the Bitter Root several Touring mills may be
Sund Produce brings good price and the increasing
samand for breadstBhs at Bannock City and other
mining towns wllnsure d vigorous effort on the
yaEt Of the husbandmen.
sIoCK-RAIsING &C.
The cattle n the Deer Lodge Valley run at large In
Einte-, and thrive and fsttea rapidly There il con
EderaDle settlement III lne 'bley Gnu stDcA 8
b quickly becoming lucrative business tbs mining
population in the vicinity increasing rapidly and afford
ing good market. The paSturage grounds Of the
Bitter Root Valley unsurpassed. The extensive
lands Of horses owned by the FlatIead Indians
sceupying st. Marys Village on Bitter Root River.
thrive well Winter and Summer
PRODUCE, TIMBER &C.
At about the latitude Of 46o % the Deer Lodge River
md The Blackioot form junction and then called
d Hel.Gats which uEites with the Bitter Root OF St.
Mays River in latitude az and the name Of
She latter.
Along the valleys Of both the He'll Gate and Bitter
Boot there lie gree: abundance OF excellent timber
y1e hemlock tamarack. or larch FREEDOM mating. Tie
numerous mountain rivulets tributary 20 Tire Bitter
Root which through the valley afford excellent and
abundant mill seats. The valley and mountain slopes
are well tmbered with en- excellent growth Of pine.
which Is equal in every respect to the weknown and
noted pine Of Oregon Along the Bitter Root also
several fine Touring mills.
MINERALS, MINING, &c.
In what has already been written foundation Inns
been laid for the discussion OF the principal attraction
Of this region-its gold miae. The gold in Idaho is
Eeund under the same circumstances IN California,
Doth In gulches aud in quartz
1t Las not unfreqsently been aked How tie placer
sniDes Of Idaho compare with those OF California
There really IL comparison at ell between them.
Where there miles Of placer mining In California
tAere are only In Idaho. 1t must be borne In
mind that Idaho mining country. is not yet two
years old while California has been productive gold
Etld for more than ten years.
BASSocK CITY MINES.
The Rannock or Crasshopper mines were discovered