The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1864-01-18
Tue NEW EUROPEAN QUESTION.
THE scMEswR-nalsIrM msaosl~.
SKETCH OF THE DUCHIES,
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SKETCH OF THE DUCHIEs,
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,s5, reader. rsoo,lsci tie sehss~i .Hoassn war Of
49, isle end 1850, Seyp Ss united Duchss revoissd
su.ius. tho uAioH viii and rule OF Denmark Al
snoush sisA. many Of them, perhaps The majority
paid Assls attention NE political situation
tween the German Consdorasioo the Duchies ano peh
marx II the monent Of The inception OF the moVemen'
o. v that which At s close, Its conseq
vsre mona ne lees Important and are a. the presen
v,omeo, likely 10 be developed in struggle which may
snvosve The leading Powers Of Europe in general war;
ena change the geographical boundaries Of many ne
Baates Of the continent
The ancient Duchy or Hostein has been depenooncy
q Denmark since the year l4ss Ag"a'eo ~ nssrVs"
hy desire for independent rule ts nnaDnans Always
uAinsained . synpathetic communication Win 'neT
ossghbors n Scheswfs !.
sAe new German empire, and rsvolted from the Danish
yue This induced N invasion Of the soil BY tho Prus-
slsns and other Germans advocating the revolutionary
changes Of the day. Tho patriot schlesw ig olsteiners
fought well and bravey with varying fortunes TO the year
1ss0 when Shey were defeated at tho battle Of dsedt
sosght in the month OF July Of that year
Beaten IN ts neld psople Of Scheswg and Hosein
uuomted again the rule Of Denmark the King Of Dem
ark rulng them since, he did before The war; under
sbs title Of Duke Of Holstsn.
me Schcswig Hosein agitation Of ls4S was popular
enc II contained within the germ Of the assertion OF
Che principle Of segoverpment based old constitu
eon which might be overridden by FORCE but could not
% legally extuguished II was, consequently, distaste
ln 70 Surrounding monarchs claiming 10 hold power
~ "dfvine righs 80, although they the Duchies
ycunted Denmark In name, they wished 70 bind the
anion firmly, and provide, possible, against the
contingency another uprising the part Of the people
In OF this object the Queen OF England, the
Emperor AUSTRIA the Emperor Of Russia, the King Of
Prussia the King OF Sweden and Norway, the King Of
Denmark and Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, Prince Pre-
dsnt OF the French republc agreed 70 send representa-
tves 70 diplomatic assemblage In London, called TO-
gether under preext Of regulating the succession 70
she Danish CROWN but In reality TO draw up state
which would include Duches Of Schleswig and Ho
stein part and parcel Of the Danish Kingdom. Tho
high contracting parties signed treaty 10 London the
9Th Of May 1851 which Prince Christian Of Denmark
father Of the Princess Of Wales, and ct this moment
King s directly named Prince OF Schleswig and Hol-
steiu
M Srt article Of tho treaty reads thus.--
AFTER having consideration the interests
boy. 81
ssssl i" q DeSnasS !. Veil IS in concert With his Majesty
Z: 81 seS e
regulate The order succeson dominons in such
81 8 81 ;;ss 's;
and upon he issss e. he
J. ne
Sora rrncess o. Hesse By order Of prmo9enars from
II y: hs Prince chr't s Of senss
81 y
fhe third article Of thc paper is thus worded:-.
: e ~ go na y .s s .Ss
6s%anc CcnIsdsTaton The Dusa,s. e Ie.sn
ss federal right
The treaty duly ratified the 10th OF June, 1852
nnd copies Of the paper transmitted all the CONT
unsal Powers Immediately As the rulers who desired
doubted the justice OF their proceedings they
aexed request each potentate say whether be
Droved rejected IL. This request put In
complete form 10 the Powers which constitute tho Ser
man Confederation. Tho following executives were
specially invited accede 70 the treaty Bavara, Han
ever, Netherlands Saxony, Wurtemburg, Hesse Cassel
1sse- Darmstadt, Baden, Meoklen Mock
Seoburg streItz, Oldenburg, saxe.Weimar, Belgium,
naples span Portugal Greece. Tuscany and Sardinia
Tho Powers which acceded 70 the treaty FOL
sown:-Hanover, Hesse Caseel, Netherlands Oldenburg
Portugal, Spain saxony wurtemourg Sardinia, Naples,
Asaeiam and Tuscany oldenburg and saxony however,
= their accession, reserved certain rights contained IN
cient treaties.
The following states refused TO aocede 70 the treaty
until the views Of Diet the subject should
b kuswp: Bavaria, Hesee Darmstadt, Saxe-Weinar,
BADEN, Neckenburg. schwern and Mecklenburg stretz
OAc16urG subscribed 70 the treaty the
shas 70 interfere with the conditions OF the
treaty concluded between Denmark and Russia Copen
Aagsn April IL, 1857 and rsarskoe-seo May 81
IT1a The qualification which accompanied the King Of
ne uHxo ~ M sha
ssgcut rights Of the Abertine branch Of his family
~ succession ~ che Duchy Of Lauenbug-an eventual
y which could only arise from the extinction OF the
house OF Brunswc Lunenburg. which found itself in pos
session Of the duchy In question In 1897. The King o
Bavaria stands nrst tho list OF reply
70 the invitation TO sign the treaty he stated that article
sx Of the final act Of the treaty Vienna ordans that
any change IN The rights Of sovereignty Germany
- referred 70 the Diet atFrankor He could
eovs adhere the London document until the Diet had
ensonted 10 IT, The Grand Duke OF Hesee.Darmst al
urged similar reason for bis refusal. Saxeiwemar
baden and Necklenburg- Schwerin, and Mecklepbu
Ssrez returDcd In substance as those
= bavaria ssd Hesss Darmstadt. .em
10 I'll be from this lst Of recusant Powers that
large portion OF German confederatIon viewed the
Duches Of schiesNig and Hoisten constituting part
that uu,oo notwithstanding the declaration or the
Treaty Of London.
Duke Frederick Of AusustenburS who alw az. claimed
sne Title Of DUKE Of Schleswig Hclsten supported
vssss Of the disssung Powers and was in turn snco1
RACED by them his 70 The duca authority
every occasion In fact he supported by tee great
buif - the Gcrmar nation
Against the claim Of Duke Frederick the royal family Of
Osumark alleged that he had formally renowned his
yeAt, and that he the descendant Of ian uneeuai
arrhse" and could not 20 power In consequence
g ts deficiency Of royal pedsree. Duke Frederick and
b German friends reply 70 the rs assertion that he
.ssvsr renowned his right he deed promis.
~ net 20 Oppose any resoatons which King Frederick
IN. a Denmark adopted might adopt 10 reference
- hs ossr Of succession. After long Eeeotatos and
neged ~ Prussia he conssniod TO modsrate
bsnpensaton for having besn literally deprived Of his
IN Dnrhw m Il 49,.