New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1864-12-09
and stability 10 his business rather IMAM 20 optang

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With tba nro.nect OF returning peace, and the eohse-
ouent increase OF migration TO the mining regions likely
thereafter 10 ensue II seems TO he demanded OF Congress
that lie rights OF miners should be DEEMED and scei
nv law and the prosperity Of those regions and the
pTTescryaton Of good order therein thus insured.
Tie mines Of NewMexico and rizona are prooapiy
moi inferior in richness To any within the nis Oh tne
United States. Owing TO their naccessihhy they are
indiferen;ly wrought w efforts to make them sva
able must necessarily be feeble and attended WlIh on
martial success until roads shall have been constructed
through those Territories from the Atlantic STATES or
tou the nGviga5le waters Of the Facihc. since t1e
acquisition OF this portion OF or DOMAIN, hoe pcion
income from the sale Of lands within H. ana out an III
cons dera5c sum from the sse OF lands in southeatern
California. is believed that the larger portion OF ,s
land in tAat section adapted To agriculture IS covered
by Spanish and Mexican grants of set apart Jr lhuan
paebos There u.s. therefore, but slight prospect ta
anything will be realized from sales Of the lands or iha
they will eyer be located by homestead settlers The
wants and habits OF the population are mol sun ~ 10
give any assurance or Afford any expectation .nat
cute 10 a successful completion the roads necessary 20
the Development CT the vast minorai fcno' "a '"'
country. ,. NJ, A.;
zono and southern California has been the continued
drouth which has prevailed for the last two years and
from which Of the herds OF cattle and sheep &C
customed to craze there have persisted. .
/ The desert of California Known as the Colorado
desert covering territory OF near one huhuIsu is
in extent, was evidently at one time N"cieu y! u.o
Colorado river. Being for thcmost part depressed pc
low The bed If that river il Is susceptible OF reclamation
from its present condition by means OF cams ana &C.
equas the construction Of which although no' dIeei
il without substantial aid from Congress beyond the
means Of the Inhabitants. These combined dilcuiuts
render il probable may olmos certan That the Govern
win under existing crcumsiances derive no beet
either from the barren lands or from the mineral wealth
which abonnds in those Territories -,
There can be no doubt that tie puOnc resources W.:
| be much increased by the immediate WorAihg % ue
mines 10 the extent Of their capacity ana ny tue s,e
ment Of those regions by an cnterprising ana minus
trous population though no direct income should oc
] Il. II fIp suiC oft
worthy Of ]; would noi DC tApe
dent 10 grant all such portions Of the lands ne are
REQUISITE 70 insure the construction OF me heccss1!
railroads. and the conversion OF the sterile !ancs 10
coalition of fertility. The Dement'S resulting from steh
roads would would not be conined to the pro
duet of the mines. new highway. al all times ci'
empt from obstruction by snow, would he open 10 The
Pacific Passing by the valley Of the Rio tirande 10 III
Paso it would receive large portion OF me llsh CON
morce of Central and Western Mexico. These beueits
are so oby ous and Of such surprising Importance that
DO not hesitate in expressing my earnest conviction
that the Government should embrace any suitable OPP
porunty which may be offered 10 secure the competition
: Of "a railroad upon The terms suggested ,
1t appears from a communication OF General bx, the
President of the MON Pacific Railroad Company that
il has since the adjournment OF Congress, expended
more than half million OF dollars upon the nam me OF
the road leading westward from Omaha OF Which one
hundred miles have been permanently located ana iorty
miles are ia process OF constr uctlon. go.
The company has surveyed lines 10 Salt Lake City
through the South Pass Laramie plains Bridgers lass
by way Of Nmpanagos and Weoer rivers to determine
tie NOS. f,as be route. Parties have also been en-
gaged in explorations in Colorado Territory through
Bertholls Pass and up the Cache 10 peudre TVef ava
also in examining the topography OF the country IN tho
vicinity Of the lC0h meridian Of longitude, ana III
locating the line from Omaha 10 Fort kearney. Con
siderng the limited time which has elapsed ilnce me
action Of Congress enabled this Company To prosecute
tie work with energy, satisfactory progress has Deen
made and the country has no reason to appreherd any
hardness in the prosecution OF this great enterprise
The progress made in the construction of the branch
road i'm Kansas known the Union Pacific Railroad
division. has not met the reasonable expectations
Of tie public. There just reason 10 believe that
the second section Of 40 miles Of that road woud have
been rapidly approaching completion II not actually
completed by this time; instead OF whieh ~ miles only
OF the track laid and that not Yet IN CONDITION 10
be examined by The commissioners appointed by tie
President to inspect and repor: upon tie WORK
For this unexpected state Of aifairs The company is
not altogether without excuse. The assassination of
it. contractor in July last after the dournment of
Congress the continued insurnountabe difficulties Of
obtaining the necessary materials, eltheF by Tver or
rail from known to ALL prevented them for time
from prosecuting the work. Sine" these diihcutcs
have been partially removed commendahe energy has
marked the conduct Of the COMPANY The first section
OF the road to Lawrence, 10 which place the track
laid will undoubtedly be open 10 the public and In u.e
within a few days The COMPANY IN California IL
also making satisfactory progress with ITS portion Of
The President ha, appointed George Ashmun Of
Massachusetts Springer Harbaugh Of PENNSYLVANIA,
Charles f. Sherman of Ohio, Jesse J.. Williams Of In
diane and Timothy j. Garter OF Iinos TO DO direct
ors on the part Of the United States In the Union
Pacific Railroad Company. and these gentlemen
gress in providing for the appointment OF sueh ooers
cannot be doubted.
ance OF securing the interest OF The Government IN the
roads connecting with the main line, end the faithful
compliance By TIE companies constructing them. WILD
the terms and conditions upon which they are entitled
10 the muntceni bounties offered by Congress should
not hesitate recommend IF 1t we're deemed practical
BILE that such directors should be u oco members OF
the board other governing authority OF each OF such
companies submit this subject 10 the consideration
of Congress with the hope that sonc means VIII be de-
ysed BY which supervisory control over the action Of
such companies may within proper limits, be conferred
upon the directors on tue paTi Il the United States.
The management Oi the Indians during the past year
has been attended with difficulty In addition to the
war against that portion OF the Sioux that committed
the massacres in Minnesota in ls62 and who are yet
UNPUBLISHED and unsubdued military operations have
been carried against the combined bands OF the
Sioux of the plains and OF the Upper Missouri rs well
as against considerable portion Of the Cbeyonncs and
Arapahoes particularly those who have been occns-
toned 10 nhabit The country oil The Upper Platte ryer
and who were parties 10 the treaty Of Fort Laramie
1t is not necessary TO inquire whether by adopting
c0ncilatory measures these military operations might
not 10 great extent have been avoided Those who de-
sire invest gate the subject may with advantage con
suit the report Of tie Commissioner Of Indian Affairs
The question of interest is what shall hereafter
be pursued with these Indians IN orfer 10 reduce them
to subsection and 10 afford all needf1 protection 10 our
citizens. The overland mai 10 Colorado and 70 the
States and Territories west Thereof, well as large
proportion o the carriers OF goods and Of tie enigrant
10 those regions passes over the Lar tmic plains which
are infested during large portion OF the year by these
Indians. The route Of the Pacific Railroad passes
through the same country and the Government Is by
act of Congress, under obligation 10 cxtngush the In
dian title The Government has but one trcsty-thai Of
Fort Laranie-wh the Sioux (of Dakota and with the
Cheyennes and Arapahoes between the forks of the
Platte River which these latter Indians have ever ac
knowledged. This treaty was ratified by the Senate
with amendments and its benefits 10 tho Indians by
virtue Of the limitations imposed by the Senate are
about to terminate sufficient reservation for the
Cheyennes and Arapahoes has been established the
Upper Arkansas, in the vicinity Of Fo Lyon, and efforts