Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1864-06-03
CONGRESSIONAL.
HOUSE
" ---


Mr.. Stevens (of Pa, reported a substi
stute TO the Senate bill, amendatory of the
Pacific Railroad act passed July 1862, tn
consideration Of which was postponed
until Thursday.
Mr.. Morrill, (Of VII remarked that th'
Committee on Ways and Means had d.
rected him TO suggest that this entire day
be given TO the discussion Of the Tariff bill
and that to morrow, the debate be confined
to minute speeches. On his motion it was
resolved that the House at 4:30 to-day
take recess till 730
Mr.. Smith (of KJ,l moved that when
the House adjourn tomorrow, it be till
Monday week.
The Speaker replied that the House
could not thus adjourn.
The House then went into Committee Of
the Whole, Mr. ScheDok in the Chair, and
took up the Tariff bill.
Mr.. Morrill,, Of Vermont, stated the res-
sons for the change in the Tariff. The
Treasury required a large supply Of
means, the increase Of interoal duties
made considerable increase of duties on
foreign importation, necessarily wool
and cloth cannot now be produced as
cheap as thrs e years ago, An increased
tea L. l-arlzsias Mt life and fashion
would be a blessing il l5rgeF meHns Vss.
be secured for the suppression of the re-
bslion. he did not believe the war would
be protTsctJd after the rebel army was
snDihilsted.
The primary object of the bill was to in .
crease the revenue, and st the same time
nurture our domestic products, and
thus secure increased internal rev.
enue. As TO the depreciation OF currency,
| he said tn ugh a decisive measure will
prove q sharp remedy, still, perhaps, the
most effectual remedy would be 10 cease
the issue Of legal tenders and rely upon
loans on United States stocks.
The committee did not recommend pro-
hibstory duties because the Government
seeks revenue This Wss a war measure
and temporary in its character, and as
such he believed the country would sp
prove of it
Mr.. Cox, Of Ohio, said he had in 1861
protested against the Tariff then pending
as great fiscal tyranny, a mountain Of
bill is an aegrsvation Of the tariff
Of 1862 The Government credit
demands tsxsti n, but not class legisla
ton, nor sectional advantages. He would
not accept every plan Of taxation, repres-
enting not the rich and poor altogether,
but principle he demanded that the bene-
fits Of taxation shall not enure wholly to
one class, and its burdens fall wholly on
another. He proposed TO discuss the bene
fits aecruing 70 the manufacturing classes,
and the burdens imposed on the agrioult-
ural and consuming classes by the present
and proposed tariff, and a deprecated
paper currency in order to pay for one hun
dred dollars worth of goods iu England.
When gold is at go, the American mer-
chants owing to the price Of exchange,
N at pay STA in our money, aad when
he brings that amount Of goods here in
ord to reimburse, he must sell it for
STA Of our currency with freight and
duty added The duties are to be paid in
gold. II the gold duty is 40 per sdvsl and
at sixty he must add sixty per cent to the
forty dollars, which is equal to tWenty-four
added to the tariff notes. De must pay in
paper thirty-two dollars moe, and that q
consumer ia consequence Of dePreoisted
paper aud gold duties, has to pay twenty
seven dollars or one hundred and twenty
per cent in addition to the cost for every
one hundred dollars worth Of goods i'm
ported, with duty Of forty per cent and
the fifty per cent additional to this, is to
be added to freight, and the charges are ut
ten per cent profits to the importer. At
this point Of cost, the article imported
comes in competition with the home srti-
Gle. and the aggregate Of the items above
constitute the protection or bounty which
the tariff robs from the consumer. For
the manufacturer this labor is taxed on
one pursuit, for labor and capital on an
| other.
Mr.. Cox then showed that by the tariff
Of 1862, on the data above, iron received a
bounty Of over I8O per cent. on a paper
basic, in consequence Of the difference of
exchange; the duty, freight, and Import
ers pFofts on the home manufacture Of
iron realized 48 O94 548 dollars, on q man
utscture Of 26, ,489, ,S02 dollars. Yet, this
bill proposes to increase the tariff on iron.
He then considered some ten articles: oot-
ton and wooden manufactures, paper,
tanned leather, manufactured cloth
ing, boots and Shoes soap and can.
dies, aud india rubber goods, and
showed that bonnty on g specie was
on an average Of about so per cent. on a
psper basis Of about $50 per cent, and
that on tAess artic es alone the bounty
paid under pretenoe Of tariff for re
venue and stimulus 10 msnutsctureIs
amounted to $3.50 250,252 Supposing the
manufacturers to be the anne for 1860, be-
ing at the rate Of 1888 per head Of the
population estimated at 81, ,445, ,O85 souls
Mr.. Cox proposed to amend the bill BY
having the duties pail in paper money
thus saving to the poor man and CON
sumner ct least the difference between gold
and paper on bounty or $447, ,496, $40 tht
people pay 81 gratuity to manufacturers
In paper $750, ,280 252 but My small
portion Of it goes toward the war or tn
evenue. It goes to fstten and psmper 81
aristocrscy Of wealth. He deprecated
the effects Of this tariff which Woul
make the extremes Of alt
In this create classes, degrade the poor
g .tablish tyranny with soldier and
tax gstherer, ss its instrument. He thel
: showed the difference between the Net
England manufacturers as proteo ed an
the unprotected States West whose pToduC
tious had 30 bounty on eight items; Lum
ber cattle, swine, slaughtered animals
wheat, corn, butter and cheese. He show
t ed @ balance in favor Of the West Of owe
= $3.50, 100000 which received no .b0unt!
while the States Of New York and Penn
syIvsnia had their peculiar industry bouI
tifully protected. he argued that the Wes
= if the system continued on few year
r would be dra ned by the manufsctors an
Z vampires. He shswed how the articles ell
I tering into manufacturers hands were in
ported free, while seeds, sc. were tsxe
Only New England accumulated veal
7 more rapidly than other States, while 81
= has done more by her dogmaticsl intermet
. ding to produce our present oslsmitie
He concluded by warning the oountI
l-.--L -. lns.snln Aiun nrn.nnninr, "a hn,