, 1864-03-10

N, Co0 re-enlisted veterans, to be given to
he two Inst calls for 800 900 and 200 GOO men
will reduce the number to bo
in the coming draft, or to bc
aised by volunteering, to 100000. But these
men will hare to be raised ut rather IN
creased expense for bo9pties' INC
estimates for which for the ycar arc placed
as L.ch as sao0, ,oc0 900 And these things a5e
rcfueed to conscript, 1t will be necessary, says
secrctarr Chase, to provide Tor all Increased
cxTcners Of the Government not set down IN ]
thc estimate by taxation. Bit Is congress
forced to this inserntablc conclusion: fas !
from il. The rlan appears 70 a. oe asnnsn 10 pa1 o.
ces Of Q more expensive mode Of carrying or
the var square In tile face. Now, th0Tesult
Of such legislation must III tho cnd only
nyoyc DISASTROUS. Political necessity WILL &c
pleaded in vain 5y and ~ IL X 11e nc,9sp ReoplS
commercial expansion and prosperity, much
less can they be in the era Of restriction aud
attempted return to specie payments. Our
d. bt 1t the close Of this war will not be less
tlan three Thousand millions Of dollars. A.
1lye per cent the interest on this sum Would
be ore hundred and fifty millions Of dollars.
Tie expenses of tho Government, Including |
a urge standing army and extensive naral e.
tablishmeut, wCu1d be- ono hundred and httT |
millions more, in all three hundred millions.
.Conercss should boldly facc the prospect Of
the necessity of raising means By taxation to
meet such a vast expenditure II is me
ye1y lime to it. The people expect and !
arc willing 10 be taxed now. They will neveT !
more 1ully appreciate its necessity. Let Con.
grcss then stana up to the requirements OF
the times, and all viii he we'll Let them
yaciletion, aId the consequences may be not
only seriously but appclltngly disastrous 10
the monetary aud commercial Interests OF the
country.
REPORT OF TIE COMMISSIONER OF AGR1CuL-'
JCRE-AGE1CCLrTEAL COLLEGES.
The report Of the Commissioner OF Agri-
culture for January and Febrtary is just pnb-
liEhed. The ilrst article is on agricultural
colleges, which are strongly recommended.
First, as the department needs tho aids to be
derived from them, tie distribution Of
seeds. &c could be made On AL economical
basis. Second, they would send to tho de-
partment reports OF e1per1ments male which
local institutions would systematize the ag-
riculturc OF the United States. Fourth,
tbefr aid would be. essential by rendering
practicable ind useful systcmasized farming il
| lie United States. TIE Commissioner would
connect with the System Of colleges, normal
| schools, model farms and military train-
ipg. The Commissioner thinks that
there ere too many colleges in the United
| Statcs. and that their means OF usefulness
| bare been wnsted by being expended in the
| mere construction Of buildings. Hefs afraid
! that The means donated by Congress for such
colleges, win be wasted, and asks what arc
| those mranss The act Of Congress gives to
each State quantity Of land equal to o,ooo
| acres for each Senator and Representative in
! Congress. "A State that has uusold lands
within its own borders may locate this grant:
bpt those that have not are to receive land
scrip, which cannot be located by the State,
| lut only By the nsstgnces Of the State.
at Sl.25 per acre. When it. is understood
that the .homcstead law gives away the pub
! lie lands to actual settlers, md that no large
bodies OF good public farming lands remain
for entry, it ia pretty Gear that the fund from
the Grant to the older States will be slowly
realized, and then only at q great sacrifice
| The law, says the ccommissioner. ouEht TO be
SO amended as to allow Immediate location
by all the Suites. afusf the snau*trso. esa.st, t
toUfGes, .nif1ertdnt to them, can Be catdbisted;
and n,suf thev bf limited to inadequate conr:<
tf instruction, 5y srason Of i,*4e'eirnev Of n.
! iund?. Kansas says no, md has consolidated
her grant into ono institution Connecticut
has bestowed hers upon Iale College Under
!. like grants there arc the following universi
lies; Ohio. Mt Athens; Indiana, at Bloom.
: | incton; Illinois, at Springfield; Missouri, ai
, Columbia; Wisconsin, at Madison; Iowa, al
Iowa City; Michigan, ct ann Arbor "sinc.
others have been, in these and other States
E mostly by religious denominations, in which
4 is usually found euch course Of instruction
aa is adapted to. professional pursIits; bu
:. not to the industrial, for want Of the muse
u, appa11MttsM. M M Mhe5ary, mcgee reta'a tat, tSss &s
{. State uniyereIt1cs as competitors Of thes
e private colleges: Why not render them ei
II f1cient. economical, more truly Statc fnstitu
~ ~ lions, by consolidating the grants, and thu
,e education Of Ill occupations.
le Ench il the reasoning Of the Commissions
n. on this point, and it deserves the serious col
- sidcration Of tho States Interested
TUE COTTON QUESTION.
The Commissioners report coutains yer
= interesting articles, With tables, upon tb
1e cotton question. In 1860 England importe
K came from TIE United States but 121, 70l ,0i
i, pounds. It's dependence on American cotto
~ did thus appear to be absolute In Isl
1t England imported 764, ,0o0, 900 pounds. (
ut which only 5G coo 900 pounds was from th
:, United States, 4s0, 900 600 pounds from !,
a, pta' ponnds rom B2osi % and T ss 5oo6o ponsi
~ from other countries. In 1864 1t is estimate
Great Britain will receive. 1,0G6, 900 q
I'd pounds Of cotton, Of which SO, 600, GOO pound
en win be from the United States, 6G0 000, ,0l
ronnas from india md the basnss s,Sst iro
r. olEtion in trade unparalleled in tho histo,
o. Of the world. Nor is this all. The dedciel
ed cy In cotton has brought into increased u
he wool, dax, and other textile fabrics, and ne
de ones have been diacoveIea for articles Of
co OBTAINED by Great Britain from other cou
i'm tries, it has only been By the payment
mt greatly Increased prices, as the following
an ble proves It shows the amount in pouu
~ Of cotton purchased by Great Britain and t
-: f,,A $fSc IN fn11 1rfrS
A. years:
ID Year. Pounds. Vail
Lis 1Sss:.::: 1S53:: sssssSss s4s5&sse ,ess@ 81
ed L general summary Of cotton and wool 8
nd tisties, as given in the report, exhibits thef
lowing results: ....
7cr Gotten production Of 1sfo, DE-. 2s7sss
an Cotton production Of 1se4, as ahoEn hy
an estimated imports Of Great BEitaiu,
II. and 10QCDQ,UJO lbs consumed by the
hi United States, az supposed, bs..-. 1,16a00o,
Dedelt ot cotton in 1854, ns...... 1,s1s, 2so,
n. ! Increased wool production,
CTS .reseass5 ssns; Il s4 ss1imatS% p1osct 5s.
ere Ing, az estimated. .--.--.-, E7,5OaUo
In w. -~.~oe.
Of Deficit in 1874 Of textile raw uaate-
r1al, .-.-.-..---,...-..-.---.-.~. f,05' no
At. ILLINOIS TIE GREAT BEEF CATTLE STAT
~ The agricultural report gives the iollowi
~. ~ table, showing that illinois is the great
st> cattle State of the Union. It exhibits
3real number OF cattle sold at Allertou's yards,
ght ing principal one for New York, and
for otAtes from whence tncy came:
States. 1GGA. 1861. 1ESa i
New Ic1k-,.. e 90 2,WN 3s95B g
Illinois. G3 ~ 66445 101,742 III
an Indiana. .-....-...- 19,16S 1919 1G555 II
trc,, | Iowa. A...-.....-.. II ,G92 1851 87Qf s
Virginia, ..... ..... 1,sj3 LIT 1T
Connecticut. 5l9 sos 4t0
r o,1 | Massachusetts. - o. 49,.
Wisconsin. ........ 14G 1a0 49,.
AAN-A | 0h1o.- sal4t1o Ghaasu 3ltk1J III
rs | Kcutucky .......-.. 111E a,o5S 9,69
the nstnsEIs:n;. SgsS S5S FT9
| 1T Missouri. 7,71T afaS 1,79 :.
and ! New Jc-sey...-.... 3S7 t15 41
-, ! Texas. ~ 53 ~.
d In Canadn......... zoos 1,131 62S
for Cherokee Nahon.. "a 100 -.,-
snh, The decline in Ohio. Indiana and E
,.ah lucky, Is eaid to be owing 10 part to the