Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1864-04-26
in the hands Of skillfuI manipuIasors =
"thing Of beauty" which Is now to nil
lions "joy forever"


in the hands Of skillfuI msnipulasors =
"thing Of beauty" which is now to nil
lions "joy forever"
10 TIE DAGUEREEoTYPE Is FAKRH.
The process Of Dsguerre is somewhat a
follows: A tablet Of silVer-plated copper
polished until it presents 4 mir4or-like
surIscs- II ls then exposed to the Vapcr
Of iodine and passes through a sariss 81
brilliant tnts. OF these the yelloW are
the most sensitive to light. The plate is
therefore exposed only until tbe fret fuII
yellow is reached, and is then plaoed In
the camera ohscurs. Il remains hsra FOR
a greater Of less time, dependent on the
brightness of the light. It is then re-
moved, but still no image is visible. Il
is then exposed for three or four minutes
to Vapory Of mercury ct tempearsturs
Of l7O degrees F., when the picture comes
forth. 1t is then dipped in a solution Of
hyposulphite Of soda, which removes the
yellow film. 1t is then washed in clear
water, when it is no longer susceptible to
the light
TIE INVENTION or TIE PHoFoGRAPH.
While Dagusrre was lsboring in France,
Talbot was making similar researches In
England. He produced what was called
the Talbotype, being an image on paper.
In l64l he took 9 patent for this process,
which was sfterWsFd perfected by others.
He must, therefore, be regarded ss the in.
Ventor Of photography, distinctiVely So
called. His invention consisted essen
tislly in covering 3 sheet Of paper with .
ohsngeable salt Of silver, exposing Il in
the comers, and developing the latent i'm
age by solution Of gsllio acid. The re-
suit was q negative, that is, photograph
in which the lights correspond 10 the
shadows, and the shadows correspond to
the lights Of the original, the positive pho
tograph corresponding directly to the
original. The great superiority Of the
photograph over the dagueFreotype con-
sists in its ospsbility Of indefinite multi
plieation.
MPRoEENEETs SINCE MADE.
Photography was at first limited to ar
tifcial views, and was entirely incapable
Of the reproduction Of landscapes. The
extension Of the powers Of the art to the
taking Of pictures from life was made By
DR.. Draper, Of the city Of New York, who
succeeded in the effort soon after d.
queries process became known. Two i'm
provemsnts Of the dsguerreotype have
been since introduced. The first consist
ed in more perfectly facing the picture
and in deepening its shades, BY using Q
salt Of gold. The second consisted in the
use Of bromide Of silver to diminish the
time Of exposure in the camera. By this
means the time Of such exposure Wss les
sened to about one-thirtieth part Of the
time formerly required.
THE ooLLoDIoN.
The greatest improvements made in the
art Of photogFsphing are due to Archer, Of
England the diseoverer Of the collodion pro-
cess. This consisted in costing glass
plate with 8 solution Of gun cotton in al
cohol and either containing q soluble
iodide. After a brief exposure TO the air,
the collodion is found clinging to the glass
as delicate film, the liquids having sVsp-
GRATED. The plate is then soaked in 9 So
luton Of nitrate Of silver, in which has
been dissolved as much iodide Of silver as
the solution will take mp. The glass is then
transferred to the camera, enclosed in .
screw to SHIELD it from the light. The ex-
pOsure is then made as with the dsgusrreo-
type, and the lsteut image is brought out
BY pouring upon il solution Of protosul-
phate Of iron. The image comes ferth as
3 negative, and is fixed permanently By
soaking it in hyposulphite Of soda, From
this negative q proof on paper may be
printed after having received 3 coat Of
amber ysrnish. But sometimes the solu-
tons used are weaker than is necessary
for the production Of such q negative,
whon POSITIVE may oe senerSlly 9peeths NE
image is joined to another plate by means
Of 3 balsam, and is viewed against dark
surface, this positive is an ambrotype.
The time required for producing this style
Of picture is much less than for the pro-
duotiOn Of negative.
HOW TO PRINT IRON EEGATIvK.
Sometimes the negative is not dense
enough and il becomes desirable 70
strengthen it and use it for printing. The
best method for doing this has been dis
covered by DR.. Draper. His process con-
sists in applying to the eollodion picture
while damp q solution Of protoohloFide
Of palladium. A paper is coated on
one eide with chloride Of silver. Thus
prepared, 1t is placed beneath negative
which has been .varnished, and exposed Il
the sun. The light passing through the
, glass in the transparent parts produces
blackness in the paper, but the places cerre
, spending to the black portions Of negative
remain white in the paper, the intermediate
shades being intermediately affected. After
time the paper is removed from the mega.
tive and soaked in hyposOulphite Of soda
The picture is then laid in chloride Of gold
from which 1t receives q delecste Violet
Z hue.
! The various processes are Of singulsl
| interest to the observer, both on account o.
: the Importance Of what they sehieVe snt
I on account Of the varied power and beauty
! Of light which they reveal.