The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1864-12-16

The ports of Norfolk. Fernandina and
Pensacola have been opened by proclama-
tion. 1t is hoped that foreign merchants
Will now consider whether it is not safer
and more profitable to themselves, as well
as just to the United States. to resort to
these and TO other open ports. than it is 10
pursue through many hazards and at vast
cost a contraband trade with other ports
which are closed, if not bv actual military
occupation. at least by a lawful and etfcc
tive blockade. For myself. have no
doubt Of the power and duty of the eXecu
tive. under the law of nations, to exclude
enemies of the human race from an a>y
!um in the nited States If Congress
should think that proceedings in such
eases lack the authority of law. or that
that they ought to be further regulated by
ii. | recommend that provision be made
for ctiectually preventing foreign slave
traders from acquiring domicilc and i;,cil
tiles for their criminal occupation i'll or
country. 1t Is possible that if it We're Il
new and open question, the mar;ltime
powers, with the light they now ENJOY.
would not concede the privileges OF a na-
val beligerem to the Insurgents of the
| nltcd States. destitute as they are. and
always have been. equally OF >hip>-ot-war
and OF ports and harbor<, Di>loyal cm-
l>-aTles have been neither lr>, a>sIduOu>
nor more successful during the last year
than they were before that time in their
efforts, under favor Of that privilege, 10
cmproll our country III iorel On warS.-
The desire and determination of the GOV
crnmcntS of the m;lratimr states to defeat
that design arc believed to br sincere. ;Unl
cannot be more earnest. than our own.
Nevertheless unforeseen political difficult
ties have arisen. especially in BraHialian
and british ports. and Oh the northern
boundcrv of the United States. which
have required, and are likely to continue
10 require. the practice ot constant Vi ii
irnrc and Il u>t and concilitory spirit, on
ihe part OF the nlted States. Us We'll H.
OF the nations conyrrnrd ali their govern
mnn>. Commissioners have been ap-
polntct! under the treaty with Great Brit
ain III The adjustment OF the claims OF th"
Hudson Bay and pu"eI> Sound agritul-
tnr;;l companies i'll Oregon. and are now
! proceeding To the execution of the trust
a>-i igM@! 10 them.
In view OF the insecurity of life and
properly i'll the rryion adlaccmt to the ca
nltiian nprdtr, by reason ot the recent -
,au!t- and deprrdttions committed by in
lmlcai and desperate persons, who ar
harhorvl there. II has been thought proper
- give notice that after the expiration oi
~iN months, the period conditionHlly slip
uiattd iii the existing arrangement with
Great britain. the United States must
hold themselves at liberty 10 increase then
naval armament upon thc lakes, il they
shall lild that proceeding necessary. The
condition Of the border will necessarily
.umv into consideration i'll connection Wit
tin question of continuing or modifying
die rigni ol transit from Canada tkrougl
the lNtniv--iX states. H. we'll ~ the rec
uiu;ion oI imports. which were tcmporIiI
e>tAb,ishcl hv the reciprocity treaty ot th'
Jlh OF June. 1871. | desire. however
70 be understood. while making this state
mrnt. ;hat the colonial authorities ot Can
Il Ia ar. not drrmvd To be Intentionally
unjust CY untri ndiv towards liz HIic,
= States: but. on the contrary, there L
every reason to expect that, with the ap
pro>al OF the patcrnal government. the,
> will take the necessary measures to pre-
vent new inrur~ions across the border
: \n act passed at the last session for III,
: cnr0urHnrmrn. of rmwrati III has. 81 Ia
{ u was possible been pul INTO operation
Ii seems to need amendments. which vii
: enable the officers of the government #
: prevent the practice OF frauds against tn
, immi @rant> while on their way 10 and oI
tlcir arrival in the ports. and 80 IL to -
I cure them here 4 free choice ot avocailon
: and places OF settlement. A liberal dis
: position towards the "rtat national pole
: Is manifested hv most OF the Europca
i states, and ought TO he rrciprocated on on
g part by ciyin. the immigrants effective nj
II tional protection | REGARD our imm
grants a> one OF the principal repleni>hln
II streams which are appointed by Prov
e dcnce to repair the rayageS OF internal WI
e and its wastes of national strength an
= health All that Is necessary l. to Sccul
the flow of that stream III It's present tul
: ness. and TO that end the government mu
n iii every way make it manifest that II ne
z thcr needs nor desi gn> TO impose lnvolui
l. tary military service upon those who con
E from other lands TO cast their lot in OF
/ country.
'd The financial affairs of the general @o'
Il eminent have been successfully admml
iS tered during the last year. The lc@ISi
'y ton OF the last session of Congress has b
nitirentlv affected the revenues, althoue
III sufficient time has not yet elapsed to e
p prripnce the full effects of several OF Il
= provisions OF Congress imposing incrca-
= taxation. The receipts during the We
al from ali sources upon the basis OF Wa
lie rants -ignel by the secretary OF the tre:'
Iii ury, including loans AMI the balance
10 the treasury on the first day OF july. loO
ne were 81 l.3yl,l9o. .OJ71.G2, and the agel
Ell cage disbursements. upon thr same ba>
o. were !sl.29S 900. lUl. .S9. leaving a b;
to ance III the treasury. "a shown by W;
he rants. vi :590.139.9U5.1 Deduct frC
III these amounts the amount OF the princil
L I =.