Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1864-03-01

1855 to 1862 inclusive an average Of S9,3iU,
900 Of our exports to Canada paid dity, aad
Sl0,720 600 we're free. II will be seCh that We
are charged by them with duty on ar average
value of 81, 81 800 more than they ore charg d
with by us.
In the first four years after the treaty came
into operation We received OF The lst OF articles
named in the treaty S2S ,66l ,69l IN value more
than Canada received from us. 1t this IS recip'
rOciIy, the less We have the better. In 1861
the imports from Canada wore SlS,645 ,457
and our exports we're fla 39lSj8, OF an eXocess
Of imports over exports Of s4273,599. Tins
amount isto be augmented by S2,6ll l,S0 ol
goods Of foreign origin which merely passed
across our territory and were transmitted IN
lieu Of exchange or gold to meet our indebted.
nces. and would not have beer received by Can
adl but for tho tact that Trey we're obtained
cheaper thus than they could have been through
tho st Lawrence.
Tho amount ol our txport O; corn ior THE
year have been unable % ascertain, but Can
adan returns credit us 10 1862 with 81 $1,000
and in 1863 with $500, 1870, That It was
much more there can be no reasonable doubt.
Tho far inference would be that not less t1aa
100000 are annually draw1 irom Us ID
gold OF e. equnaieut, 10 pay lOr agrlcultuai
productions not reequired and TO glut markc Jr
which our own people are all the while eager 10
supply We have no reciprocity treaty with
any other country, and no other presents 50 un-
favorable balance sheet. Even our tradewib
China is more profitable.
That the proiss Of such trade accrue to
/ the Canadians Is manifest, as It would DO pre-
pOsterous to charge profit to the ride Of gold
exchange, Or foreign merchandise. Thus NIL
| lions annually are transferred from American to
Canadia1 pockets. Is II wonderful that mag
nifcCnt railway improvements cut their way
through Canadian forests?
Considerable merchandise Is also taken from
tic United States into Canada in bond which
does not figure in our table Of exports at all ,
and there may bo, for aught know, Ms there
are few difficulties in the way Il corresponding
amount smuggled into our ports from the Cana
das, which ot course does not figure IN our ta-
bes of imports. The trade Of goods IN bond,
which is no part Of the reciprocity treaty, by
the by, has grown to be large. 1t serves TO pay
of as far as it viii 60, ourlndebedness to Can
ada in lieu Of coin, Al one port, Island Pond,
Vermont, the foreign merchandise in transit to
Canada under bond IN 1861 amounted to &c.
COS 500. Ii is remarkable that our domestic
exports al the same point were only S2lg,i40
These are in lean thousands while tho fora cr
handled by us gratis, loom up IN millions
Like the traffic oi Falstaf, it Is " halt.penny-
worth Of bread to an intoerable deal OF sack
The amount Of revenue now collected by the
United States upon iwportations from CANADA
is pitabe enough and If we deduct the arti-
I cles not actually there produced, we shall Ind
that in four years, from 1856 TO 1889 inclusive,
/ the average amount was only on about one hun
dred and fifty thousand dollars annually, yield
ing not more than $25,OOO Of yearly revenue
and not sufficient to pay 1.-THE of the annual
expenses Of the collection districts, scattered as
they are, along a frontier Of six thousand miles
in extent, and get one-iourh part, or nearly
that. Of ali Canadian revenue is derived from
duties on merchandise from the United States
Neither our people or the Government derive
advantage from this reciprocity treaty Int
trade, has, it is true, largely increased but th'
footsteps of The profits all point to the lion
den, none returning outward. We are the fac
tors serving without pay or commissions.
When one nation admits cotton or any raw
material free Of duty, other nations are forced
to follow the example or cease to manufacture
beyond their own consumption unless they give
an equal compensatory advantage upon exports.
This policy has already made free If mpOst'
throughout the world large class Of produc
tons They cannot be longer relied upon FOL
purposes of revenue. Canada, like other coun-
tries, had and still has a large free list. Wha
articles can now be exported to Canada free un
der the treaty had the same freedom to be 81
imported prior to tha treaty, and mere aelt H.
terest would have compelled an adherence tt
that policy, whether the treaty had been made
or not We got nothing new on this score, u
surrendered much. We conceded to them wha
we do not concede to others, hut what was con
ceded to us WIS either not new, or conceded tC
everybody, treaty or no treaty. What we ex
port tree under the treaty, therefore, gives to u
no special favor, as the Canadian markets ar
open to all the world for almost the entire hs
Of articles named in the treaty, many OF then
being such, at the same time, as we levy o
might levy duties upon when imported into th
United States from other countries, and to-
which the provinces have no other vent but II
the United Statee
THE HosTlLE CHANGES MADE IN THE CANADIAN ia
RIFF.
The changes made in the Canadian tariff iron
the specific to the ad uaLorem system, and b
steadily advancing the Gd raiorem rates OF dut
each and almost every yer alter the da'e o
the treaty were avowedly made not only 10
revenue but to favor British industry whIc
was reconciled to an increase OF duties by
more exclusive enjoyment Of the Canadian MAJ
kets thereby secured. By having the dutiabl
: value OF merchandise estimated at the last POI
or place from whence imported, 1t was correct
, ly supposed British merchandise would obal
the advantage of Il duty computed on the ma
! ked valuation at home, with no addition to
freight, insurance, exchange, or other charge
with the door open, also, for undervaluatlon
while American merchandise would be take
, on the value here at the very gates of Canada
A difference OF perhaps twenty-five per cent, l
favor OF British goods. made by cheap labc
-, and by the use Of longaccumulated capital e'
4 ger for safe employment at any price Ho
long American trade would thrive against sue
odds, when force to pay twenty dollars dut
where others pay only fifteen, was easily TO b
! ioreseen, and, no doubt, keenly appreciated
1t was thus Canada reversed its own policy
A and turned its back upon that Of the moth'
country, so ndustriously proclaimed lor tt
last fifteen years, Tor the purpose OF excludln