The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1864-07-19

State or Virginia has four votes in the Senate Of u
United States and may neutrazo the votes OF both New
York aud Pennsylvania In that body. The ''Arcien
Dominion" with q population a little exceedel
senators in the Congress Of the United States, ans
Pennsylvania, with her three millions OF people
remains true 10 the Union, and retains her former
the Senate, Virginia turns traitor, sends two
thirds Of hor population under the Confederate flag
forthwith has her representation doubled IN the senate Of
the United states, aud that TOO In defiance OF aconsitu
tonaI provision iorbddng II, and avoided only upon
strained construction or implication totally at variance
with the plain fact Against the plain truth Of the case
and without necessity was assumed that tho Legsla-
OF fragment Of the State represented the whole for
the purpose asserting to Its division and the erection
there rom Of a new member Of the federal Union
We pass from this case to speak OF matters moro ro-
cent. State government has been set up In Louisiana
under the supervision Of major general Of the United
States Army, which, although hods the allegiance OF
former representation that State Congress and
. similar description The indications clear and full,
that 10 these aud in others Of similar character
which may follow them, the President Of the United
states through his officers Of the army in command in
the States TO be represented dictates and Will dictate and
control the whole proceeding for renewed
and principles most UNEQUAL. unjust and odi0us
recent attempt TO set one Of these bogus States
Ia Florida under Presidential agent, must be fresh 10
tho recollection Of tho country as must also be the mill
ary disaster by which that attempt was rendered abor
tive.
The proclamation extends pardon to all persons in the
reb ious States (sxce certain Confederate lhcers &c
condition that they shall take subscribe aud keep
ibed oath, provision Of which is that they will
by faithfully support all procamations OF the
PRESIDENT mado during the existing rebellion having 70
=, yd Sv - 81 The
further procaims that whenever IN any one of the Con
ederate States "a number Of persons not ess than
tenth 10 number OF the votes cast in such State Mt tho
Presidential election OF 1860 having taken and kept the
aforesaid oath, 40, shall reesablish State govern
ment which shall b. republican. and 10 nase contraven
Ing said oath, such safe shall be recognized the
true government 81 the ate"
remarkable ever issued By American Executive
The onc.tenh part of population arc TO exercise the
powers OF the whole and If Congress concur are to DO
represented in the government Of the Uptsd States and
In electoral colleges Tor the choice Of President If
they the whole And this one tenth is to DO made
up OF men who will solemnly swear thai they will obey
ard keep all the Presidents proclamations upon par
ticular subject issued during tho present war; not pro-
CARNATIONS which he mag issued already but future
RAISING OF TROOPS.
Under this head the address recapituates the mode
adopted in raising troops up 10 1868, and adds
Tho army bore mainly, the character of public force
contributed by the States under the fifteenth and six
tconb clauses the eight section OF the first article Of
the constitution, which authorize Congress $40 provide
for calling forth the militia to execute the laws OF the
Union suppress insurec.cns and repel nvasions" and
"to provide for organizing armiug and dscipning iae
il.a and for governing such part CT them as may tie
employed in the vice of the United States reservng
tho States respectively the appointments OF ths on
Gers, nc
and tho power OF the States to supply en organizing
Rem into companies and regiments and appointing their
cn GERS, uuqrestionabe, also the power Of
Tue states select troops which they
tribute BY draft or lot.
CONSUMPTION.
But early in 1868 system for the raising OF troops
was established by act OF Congress This system
OF consumption uhe word and the idea beng borrowed
rror the FRENCH and was without example in tho his
tory of the United States Passing by the State authors
ties and by the clauses OF the constitution above mer
toned put the general government In direct COMMIT
country and assumed for the general government exclu
sive ana absolute control over the whole proceeding OF
questioned and II is one the debatabe points which
ong the history OF the For has been argued
OF Congress to raise armies, although a general
DO over, Ia not unlimited and that laws OF con-
.crption BY !! are no, necessary and proper" ben
ID convenience from the militia Of tho States under the
provisions Of the Constitution above ctcd. But passing
this point the inquiry arises, why the former sys
tenn involving state co operation abandoned and new
and questionable one substituted No clear and ade
Qute for the appears in the debates OF
the Congress which passed IT, unless the suggestion
made by Of its leading supporters ia the House Of
Representatives, that II was hostility "the accarsed
doctrine State rights" be accepted such
We must therefore, conclude that was the policy OF
imminent of the officers Of the troops raised and to
absorb that rover into the hands OF the federal admins
tration that the act was the measure OF party to IN
crease lie influence and power, and TO prevent the lossi
bty OF any participation therein BY tho governments
OF the states.
tailed great expense upon the Treasury Of the United
States that has created unnecessarily large number
ard that, while II has been Efficient than The
system which relnred state co operation, It bias been
much less salts actory.
n necessity for raising troops BY CONSUMPTION be
Sorted would follow that the revolutionary policy
OF the bias alarmed and disguised the
pie aod chilled that enthusiasm which in the earlier day
OF the contest filled patriot army with brave and
willing volunteers.
BouNTYEs.
What IL further to be mentioned in this connection s
the payment bounties by the United states by the
State govern ents and by cities counties other
nuuic n vi a
want Of uniformity and system. The policy OF tho gen
has not been tho same ~ all times and
in the States there has been Infinite diversity Upon tho
whole the system OF bountcs has been costly and IN
equal the amour: OF Indebtedness created by Il i enor
the same grade Of merit. Under any system Of loca
borntes avoid conscrpion the wealthy parts OF the
where manufacturing and other interests lind
It 70 their profit y providing tho supplies
OF the war to retain their laDorers a. home
unless each State shall be firmly required ish tue
substitutes to I'LL up ts quota from ,s own citizens
But the general government has the AGENTS OF
such interests IN state TO go into ether states and into
the Southern country apd obtain enstmonis for ooun
ties, both Of white a9d black troops, tobe credited upor
the quota Of the state q the agent If II shall happen
hereafter that local payments of oouaiies, whether by
States by municipalities WITHIN them, be assumed y
the government Of the United states, the inequalities
the system and It's eytravagance IN many cases w DO
come matter OF concern TO the whole people. Aud
Just matter of complaint against those who have neC
an,hory the federal government that by their policy
OF policy this snb ec the burden Of tho wal
has been vastly increased and been distributed rregr
larry and unfairly.
ihe pecunaIy outlay aud Indebtedness caused By pay
- ocal bouutes being mostly incurred by power
rul and influential communities, II Is quite pssibe tha
they may recognized hereafter by Congress 10
gitmste object Of n,tit nal assumrion and this hap
PEN hose tiles thai have rcia ned their aborer
h me- and thereby secured their prosperity iurin
the VIII cast part OF the burden Of Their exem2tio'
upon ether sections
obviously what has been wanting has been wisdom
and foresight IN those who have controlled the pabla
the war and who have rcsorted 20 e1pe
degt after another without Gxed policy who have act
e Whero tncy ought not, and have failed TO act whsr
action aud regulation were demanded
NEGRO TROOPS.
The encctmcnts Of Congress this subject arc reca
pttulated The ollowiug conclusions deduced.--l
tlrst lno employment OF black troops generally boti
and second The equality ok troops witt
white as u compensation and Supplies And third, Ia,
payment 20 the loyal master OF slave OF bounty a. on,
hundred dollars when tho slave drafted into The serv
ice, d bounty not exceeding three hundred dollars
ha vnIun