Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1864-01-27

WeHith Of the lnit9d States.
From the Newark Daily Advertiser.l
The remarkably able report on the ez
tent and resources Of the United Statei
made to the International Congress 6
Berlin, in September lest, by Mr.. Samus
B. Ruggles, who was appointed by tn
President of the United SUITES in respons
to an invitation by abe Government o
Prussia, has just begn made public b,
Congress, and we are Indebted to Hon. MI
Perry for copy. The report contains
oompend Of statistical information illus
trating the materisl, aRd to some extent
the social and moral condition Of the ma
fion, presenting q mass Of facts Of deeI
interest TO ourselves, as marking oui
growth from small beginnings, describing
our present pitch Of greatness, and fore
shsdOwing our future progress. 1t Is
also calculated TO be, asit has already been,
productive Of grest benefit to us by direot-
Ing the attention of the civilized world TO
cur vast resources and opportunities, and
Stimulating the immigration to our shores
Of the industrial and agricultural populs-
tions Of other countries.
II embraces q consideration Of the original
and present territorial area Of the United
States; q view Of the growth Of our pop
uIation; statement of our acquired
wealth in property, agricultural, and
manufactured products and commerce;
and concludes with q description of our
vast metalliferous resources, already de-
Veloped or waiting to be developed.
The original territorial area Of the uni
led S.s.es, at the peace Of 1873, was 620,-
$50 squsre miles, aud it's present extent is
1886, I66 square miles, or 1879 I46, ,240
acres, more thsa fourteen times that Of
France. OF this vast territory there re-
mained undisposed Of and belonging to
the government, in May last, 964 col ,625
acres And the ''osrdinal and great con-
tinental fact" to which MIR. Ruzgles in
vites the attention of the people of Europe,
Is that 'sthe whole Of this vast body of
land is ffesly open to gratuitous oecups-
ton by actIal settlers, without delay or
difficulty of any kind"
The sscer ainsd average increase Of the
population Of the United Sta'eI, during
the seven decades from 1870 TO 1860 is
very nearly thiTty-three and a third per
esnt.-being from 3,929,827 in 1791 to
81, ,445, ,OsO in 1860. or this increase 5,062,-
4l4 were due to immigration; Of which
amount 2, 750, 7S4 were from the British
Islss-ohiefy from Ireland; 1858, l45
were from Germany, Sweden, Denmark,
and NorWsy; and 723, ,485 from other
countries. And if the rate OF increase is
kept ur-deducting q large margin for
diminution in emigrstion-the population
In 1870 will amount to 40,Tl9, ,l26. Tables
are submitted by Mr.. Ruggles showing the
vast superiority Of the rate Of increase in
the United States over any of the Euro
pesn nations, the result being as follows:
The rste Of increase in France has been
81 per cent. in sixty years, in Prussia 20
per cent in forty-hve pears, and in Eag-
land and Wales l2l per cent. in sixty
years, against sn increase In the United
Sta'es in sixty years, of 59S per cent.
With this great increase Of population
there has been corresponding advance in
material wealth in the United States.
Promising that the assessments Of the
value Of real and personal property do
not include large amounts held by relig-
ious, educatioDal, charitable and other as
soeistions, and public property, which are
exempt from taxation, ana that real prop
ertS is not ASSESSED for more than two.
thirds Of its cash value, while large
amounts Of Eersonsl property are concealed,
and escape assessment altogether, Mr.. Rug
giles presents table exhibiting the increase
Of the assessed value Of Property from
1890 to 1861, with the following results.
The amount assessed in 1871 was ST50, 0,000-
900, in 1851, SI59,6l6, ,O6s, an increase
during the last decade, or SO, ,023. .885, $40.
The relative increase Of property and pop
ulation in the same decade was $50 per
cent. for the former and $500 per cent. for
the latter, the difference being due, as Mr..
Ruggles suggests, to the vast canal and
railroad facilities of the country, which
practically abolish the distance between
the sea-bosrd and the wide spread and fer
tile region Of the interior. The amount
expended for building railroads alone,
from the food exporting States to the sea.
board, during the decade ending in 1850
was S4l3 54l $40, and their traffic receipts
during 1860, 1861, and 1852 we're Sill, ,548,-
Gas, the saving in transportation alone 10
the Communities they traYersed being at
, '-ast fse times that amount. Assuming
.s,,~ the deduction required by the de-
..s, o- value in slaves, that the increased
- - NrOperiy in the United States for
.L - S.oa5a Nding in 1860 was s., ,048, S25,-
30 ~ -lss shows that Of this
~ SBEfaetuFiDg States Of
New England receiv, 9'o', 'os'z-1i lIe
middle Atlsntio or carry 'Hg ava Li CONNER
cial States, from New YORK g Asryiahi'
received 81, ,S34, ,9II, ,579; sndt- >s1 sfs I02u-
producing misunderstanding ~
diana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, V5s,
and Missouri received 81. 6l0,O00,O0O. NE
vast and rapid growth of this last men
toned group Of States is dwelt upon with
great minuteness, and il is shown that
while their improved lands have increased
from &c, $50, 36l acres in 1850 to 81 ,S26, 395
in 1860-being %, ,l48,054 acres taken in
ten years fron the prairie and Forest or
an amount equal TO seyen-eights Of the
arabic area Of England-there still re-
utsin to be improved 230,208, ,z93 acres,
perlaitting a similar operation to be re-
pested eight times, and plainly denonstra-
ting the capacity Of this group Of States
to expand their present population Of g.
957, 500 to Of least thirty or forty millions,
without incon venience. 1t is shown that
the cereal produ cts Of these States incress-
ed from 309, $50, ,295 bushels in 1880 to $685.
100 S23 bushels in ls60 considerably ex-
ceeding the whole ceyeal product Of Eng
land, and nearly if not quite equal to that
Of France, besides prOdCot Of ll,O3SiS52
hogs and I, ,294, $40 cattle.
An sgent Of the National Armory at
Springfield, Mass is st pTesentin Detroit
L e. A., y,rr-r,oaa ~