The Cadiz sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1864-1911, 1864-07-27

ISI. ..F ...
The gentleman form Ohio Mr.. Garfield
has spoken of,E'the PeStllent doctrine OF
State rights !" and the gentleman from
Mr.. Baldwin has said
State sovereignty never was anything more
than dream oftheorists, Iconfront them
with Hamilton;
THE State governments, by their origi-
nal constitutions, are invested with com
pete sovereignty. An
entire consolidation of the States into one
national sovereignty would imply
an entire sllbordination of the parts; and
whatever powers might remain in them
would be Notwithstanding on the gencr-
al will But as the plan Of the Convention
aims only at a partial union or cons6lida-
ton, the State governments would clearly
retain all the rights Of sovereignty which
were not by that act exclusively delegated to
the United States. The
rule that all the authorities of which the
states are not explicitly divested in favor of
the Union remain with them in full yigor. is
not only a theoretical consequence of that
division, Il. E., of sovereign power, but is
clearly admitted by the whole tenor ofthe
instrument which contains the articles of
the proposed Constitution. "-Feclerdttst,
Nos, 81, 80.
! confront them with Madison:
In this relation the proposed govern
ment cannot be considered national one
since its Jurisdiction extends to certain emu
merated articles only and leaves to the sew
eral States a a residuary and inviolabe SOW
ereignty over all other objects. '-Feieral-
ist. No, 80
Ny colleague Mr.. Garfield says, THE
States have no flag, have no army, cannot
declare war, cannot make peace; how then
can they be sovereign p Sovereign power
can fOrbear the exercise Of any attribute,
can delegate its evercise to another. tire
quires an act Of sovereign power to delegate
these powers Of declaring war and making
reace. But if the gentlemen denies the
soverei On power Of the States because they
have agreed to delegate certain powers to
the Federal Government, upon what ground
will he claim sovereignty for the Federal
Government. whose power arc all delegated,
and which cannot now and never could pro-
vide tribunal or a law by which the cit-
zen of State may recover from citizen Of
the same State the amount Of simple pro-
misory note?
The Constitxtion was adopted by the
States, not by the people as a nation, nor
vet by the people of the States, but by the
States themselves:
Each State in raiifying the Constitution
is considered as a sovereign body, lndepen-
dent of all others aud only to be bound by
,itA own voluntary act '---HadiSo@ ittperS
No. 30. e WI .a.
The Stetes ratified the Constitution and
the citizens OF each State owe obedience to
il by reason of the ratification by that State.
Their allegiance to it is through their State.
given by its command, transferred by its act.
The State Of Massachusetts adopted the
Federal Constitution; by that act that State
became member Of the Federal Union;
and in this alone, the citizens OF MaSsachu-
setts were compelled. were entitled, to recog-
nize il authority. If Massachusetts had re-
iected the Constitution, its citizens would
have owed no obedience to, would have had
no interest in, would have been entitled TO
no protection firm the Federal Government
Rhodelsland did not rarity the Constitution
till May, 1890, one year after the Inaugural
ton of the new Government, What was
her condition in the interval? The old Con
federation had been entirely dissolved. She
had not become member Of the new one
Was She not then AN independent. soyer-
oign State? Was she not a state out Of
the Union" ...3 r.s ....
The discussions during this period had
caused searching investigation Of the ma
acter as national Government had been
asserted The powers and rights Of the
States had been questioned. The ratiiying
conventions demanded that all uncertainty
on this point should be dispclle,i. The
First Congress proposed and within SIX
months nine States adopted the amendment
to the Constitution, that
CAN powers not delegated to the United
States by the Constitution, nor prohibited
by it to the States, are reserved to the
States respectively, or tOthe people.
The pure character, the spotlesS patriot
ism, the unfaltering frmneSs Of Washing
ton suftjced to delay the struggle between
confederation consolidation in the ear
~ administration Of the new Government.
1t came in the days Of John Adams. The
alien and sedition laws were the occasion. =
The States Of Virginia and Kentucky de-
c)ared their fixed opinion and purpose, -
Other States responded the struggle was
severe, but its termination gave possession
of the administration for twenty-iour years
to Jefferson and Madison and Momoe,
ana thai party Wlcll aoilenJo 20 ,''c ,, VEGA
ra'oi' OF pElepleS r9e'l'g9 o g4 IL, 'iIG reSI,n
tohs O. 'af hn I',o Ea1ool l!e mu"au ',a
thG power" o. me heut'al ?Eeltt'ntne L t te
Sl't rom ,he coli,Iac' ~ WIZ, tiiJ 2'"tSo I
are parties 5ia1 ,ilsi are IN, i,n';,eu uy ,rt
plah sense ana intention % t1'e @ 'I,Iu'!eie ha,,
constituting ths3 cGh,lae1 Una 'aa' .,tGy "IJ
no lurther Vallu tnan thgy are autilo'lHtu I.ll,t
by thc Grants ehunera'go L! .n"' colhIet
ana tliat III ease Oh ue'l4efa.t " palpaule
ana dangerous eAclclSc VI o.iieI Pestle
not granted by tile saa '4llllac1 'ile ,,ta.e5
VINO arc parties 1hefeIo hale 'pe a llglll anU
are IN duty hoy'nn TO n,erlo5e c lor arfe*.lG&
the prGgre'a oi Inc eyl al'1 ,oi i'alp'm- th
lng WITHIN their reSpG,!g.VlMve we MINUS elle tu-
thoIItlcs, rght' ana 'ieer''eS "pper!"ili'iis