Daily national Republican. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1862-1866, 1864-07-02
THE UNITED STATES AND BRITIsH
NORTH AMERICA.
The Defence. Of the Northsssssrn From
ter-Int.rosting Public Document.

an elaborate report on the defences Of the north,
eastern frontier, blouse Doc. 1l9, 3sth Con
gress,) accompanying bill 5Il. II was re.
ported by Bon. John H. Rice, of Maine, on the
2Oth Of last June, and 5000 extra copies or.
dered to be printed by the bouse. The report
proper contains SO pages, and the appendix,
containing various documents Of Interest,
makes pamphlet volume Of 20 pages, which
cannot fail 10 attract attention, from the char
acter OF the subject, the very interesting state
ment Of the claims on the United States Gov
eminent, and the historic details as to the origin
OF the northeastern boundary dispute, and Of
the earliest settlement OF the country by the
French and English races.
The matters referred TO the committee were
| the resolutions OF the Legislature Of Maine,
approved March 25, 1884, asking the United
States Government TO provide proper defences
for the northeastern frontier OF Maine; the me-
mortal Of the European and North American
Railway Company, asking aid Of the Govern
ment of the United States towards the con-
struction Of railway from Bangor TO the 81.
John river, and numerous petitions In aid
thereof; also, the resolutions OF the Legislature
| OF said State, approved January 81, 1868, pray
ing Congress TO establish q military railroad
from Bangor to the 81. John river, with the act
of March "a, 1854, "to provide means for the
defence OF the northeastern frontier" appro-
prlatlng the claims of Maine on the United
States and other aid to the building Of the said
railway, and the various acts establishing the
same.
Messrs. Rice Of Maine, Alley OF Massachu-
sets, Cox of Ohio, Hale OF Pennsylvania, Pat
terson of New UamnsbIre Radford or New
York, and Driggs Of Michigan, were the COM
mitteo. They say "that having fully consid-
cred" the matters referred to them, &c
"That subjects Of the gravest character are ne
cessarily Involved In the resolutions and other
mttted to Ike eommittse, calling Tor inauiry into
systems OF military defence, the vAus OF railways
spda careful CONFEDERATION OF The force OF
obligntion and OF public faith growing out OF the
complex OF federal aod state Eovernments uuder
present tbs matters refer ed TO them inteIdren,iy
10 ConRtera the Committee have sopRht 10 abridee
OF zen e snd oS arru%sn, when Ssns ,nseensrd
their Judgment in the Inclusion III 1t the
general government should cooperate with Maine
IN A.. ffnrt. Ia nroviis defenrs, far tbs noTth
eastern fron,ieS '' '''' A''
The Nnytbss.,err ho,rd.rv dI.,ut. h.. hs.n
one of the mn,t enb rysssinr subisr,s 81 Am.riesn
Iis hiscus.ions AMI IN 'hs an Il. n ths state nc
nntfmSnt n,ore 40 nsThsns than anv other nus
= nuesti,n sirce tbs tnnn2 .inn oT'the Coysrn
nent n vi aIw.yS dorcJh,v recur 20 tbs ,hovsbt,
~ nnbiio man an 70 Inc nripds NJ onT nsonIe on
IN. sugE,stion of , poa1billtv Of a dis,nTbanss ~
Oui h ia'eoInH rI IuAU5 I npi VIII e,eN ~ ~ AN.
-..ps ~ sr'ausI moS,ss.tInr nf ~. onton'.I sTtS
noliov oi IN gIand A. 4 the sinS in,,macv ~
sTn = a he noTIhern hoSser en.hia us tha hsfts,
10 M derstsnI the motiySs SEnglsnd in ,ei.Inr
unnn m al n northesst err sec,ion o3tho pnion
The ns,ession of III, terrttorv s,to,dea hsr IN.
mesn. n nommnnIcation hst,Vse1 her nnne, snS
lower proyinees IN the war Of isla-b and INC hsld
IL vi, nnvislJIaS ne,,Insc,tv nsnacIns a.r
until sbs Ipiucs5 o,r Goyarnp,.nt 10 acnuire ths
cnn.,nt Of Matne. and 10 ,nrrender a mi,it,py
r,y a ,b b,ongh thn ala, ~ ,ha risss q, Iahn "a
Of i'd mn m Ter th,s asy 70 her Moth xmsr,esn
nossesatona' ~
Maine held this territory by an unquestioned
titls. Without her consent there was no power
to sgree on q conventional line Of boundary which
should secure to Great Britain this greatly coveted
advantage. Such was the explicit state nent of
our governmsnt 10 ali ifs negotiations with GIeSt
Britain, asserted by Hon. Edward LivIng.ton,
Secretary OF state In General Jsck.on's adminis.
trstion Ia his dispatch OF July a. isii to ,hzres
Bankhe i'd and by Hon Mr. Forsyth and Others
from the time Of the failure OF toe swaid Of ths
King of the Netherlands TO the conclusion of the
treaty OF Washington, august ., isI2
"Ihe matters Inv olved in that controversy have
Of en- been presented, but their importsnoe could
not be r,aiilsd at the time, and cannot be me !.
ured now without esiimatirg the valve OF our In
sniutiops and forms Of government in contrast
with tho Q OF that nationality thNt now divides
and holds domi ion with us upon the continent OF
North America, and oomprehenhing Ia some ade-
quHte measure he future OF the race under two
Independent governments speaking common Lam
srge sad % ns 70. hTs,s ne zane S1sS ssd ,ns
World"
"vAst as Ia our present national domain, II Ia
Great Britain, under the government OF her North
American provineeS, and IN empire in possession
OF such elements OF strength as night lead her
people to aspire to supremacy upon the oontine mt
had they commercial advantages such As would be
ssouiea 70 them oy the possesion ol the " tooAAt
a. a. =. ~ t' - nv enie, ovseh a.
Whs, hlso, tne pfinelph hshnei OF 'ne NiIlho
suu su g'es oeIweth rance anu Ehsisnai from the
nrst ooGupni22n Vi the county py he hutopeAo
Isoes, Nv ~ ~ m hnM SUI 70 ufea' pHthh NJ
thS oSe OF me frehoh W T. -,
Inc historical statements OF Tue report whlch
follow are alike Instructive and Interesting
The struggle for the lea-coAst OF Maine between
England and France, comm OF cling in lsC1, ended
with the peace Of Ryswick, IN 1851, and the future
OF the continent ssemtd d all this time In snspe re
In 1914 Argali found the jesuit Fathers, Baird o.
NAsse, at Mount Desert,-with their faithful fol-
lowers from the monaateIleg OF France, living in
peace with the native tribes. He promptly de-
stroyed their settlement, killing or carrying them
| into captivity. This shedding Of blood. the SEQ
ond act In the drama OF empire 10 North Ame ica,
| aroused all Europe to the consequences OF the
measure, and called forth angry diplomatic con-
| trovery.
| France yielded to the domination OF England,
| who held the country 10 the 18th degree OF Lorth
| latitude. Champlain, from 1870 to 1885, Insisted
| To his sovereign that whoever held the basin OF
the st. Lawre, ce shou hold the open seacoAst OF
| Mainei and when CAdilla the iuture Governor OF
| Louisiana, and the founder Of Detroit, Aher the
| commencement OF the long war OF 1857, known an
| the ten years war, submitted plAu, 10 1891 for
the conquest Of the Eoglsh posts and holding the
sraboatd Of Mai e, he failed to receive adequate
support from his GoyeInment-till In 1881, the
| peace OF Ryswiek, estAblishing BY treAiy supulA'
tion the rig OF EnglAt TO the seAboAtd east Ia
the Iiver ST. CToiN, sg ain defeated the hopes ol
| FTAt ce for supreme control In the New World.