The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1864-02-26

hurinS, out Tile ground ought to be Guilt
waited If you plant on new ground, get
soil from cultivated field to put about
the roots. Stake the tree, to save it from
the severe winds We sometimes have.
Mr.. CAMERON, of Houston, described
his experience, as succeeding upon his
land to nurserymen who had, in 1866, put
out $4,000 seedlings, and afterwards gave
up the enterprise. He had paid little
attention to it, the fences were down and
cattle got in the field, but eventually
some of the trees grew, and of these
those that were cultivated and protected
grew well. But on the nursery ground,
while one or two rows grew well, other
rows next to them, on either side, were
killed down year after year. A half row
would, in some instances, all grow thrift
ly, while the other half was all killed
down. His conclusion was that they were
of differing varieties, some Of which would
grow in this climate and others not. His
experience in transplantirg agreed with
Mr. Lee. He had tried it in gravelly soil,
among oak trees. Where his trees stood
en- the north side of oaks, thus sheltered
they invariably lived. In other cases,
without such protection on the south side,
some of them have died. 1t was very
important that the trees should be pro-,
tected., Choose northern slope and
leave the timber ifyou have it, to protect
the fruit trees from sun and wind. He
had read and his observation confirmed
it, that the young tree, in transplanting,
should be reset with the same side to the
south as it originally grew. The trees are
more likely to live and grow if you OBJ
serve and take pains to do that.
In transplanting large trees, say 2 to
inches in diameter, in the fall, before
freezing, he dug trench around the tree,
outside the roots, and to the depth of the
roots. In the winter, he pryed up the
tree by its roots, with the frozen soil at
tached, and transplanted it, and it grows
as well the next year as if it had not been
disturbed.
The nursery trees of which he had
spoken bore a few apples. Each of
number Of trees bore few apples. He
had no doubt but fruit culture could be
made profitable in this State. Select the
proper varieties, and his experience was
that there was great difference, for while
some would live, others on same soil and
with same cultivation and care, would not
live.
Mr.. LEE said, ie sure and select trees
that have not been trimmed up. Have
them as low as possible. Cat out the
centre of the top. His theory was that
trees thus dwarfed required less protection
he had seen them in Wisconsin 80 that the
lower branches protected the roots and
trunk so that the sun had no bad effect
Mr. CAMERON suggested also that the
tree be allowed to slope to the south, 90
that the top of the tree will protect it from
the sun.
Mr. Lee had visited an orchard in Brock
port, New York, of standard pears. The
owner commenced planting fifteen years
ago, and three years ago had 5000 bear
ing trees. He set at every third or fifth
row an evergreen. He had every tree
earthed in the fall, and the lower branches
of the young trees trained down. In
three successive crops, almost every va
riety of bis trees bore more or less fruit.
While his heighbors, who had not protect
ed their trees, were troubled with blight,
his trees were healthy and vigorous.
Mr.. AAEs stated that Mr.. BRAINARD,
(nesr him. set out an orchard three
years ago, of trees procured from Illinoi'.
The first year he had few apples, last
year two bushels of large sized and fine
eating apples. His trees are all living
now, except the Roxbury Russets. He
planted on top of a hill, with slope little
to the north, and strong clay soil. This
was the most successful trial he had seen,
Several of the trees were not more than
two years old. He has $50 trees. all do
ing WELL except the Roxbury Russets.
His pear trees, also, were doing well last
year. Mr.. AMEs' experiments had all
failed, except in raising the Siberian crab
apples. His trees had all died. He in
tended to set out another orchard in the
spring on the northern slope of bill. He
thought Mr.. BARNARD mulched his trees
in the spring, but was not certain. He
cultivated among them with beans, and
used q good deal of manure. They were
standard trees 81
Mr.. Lee stated that the. Rhode Island
Greening, mentioned among the trees
successfully cultivated by Mr.. BRAINARD,
was considered to be tender variety.