Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1864-05-19

the children to reai and write and when
any township shall increase to the num-
Der Of one hundred families, they shall set
up Grammar School, the master thereof
being able to instruct youth SO far as they
may be fitted for the ministry."-Na,sa-
ehU'etts LegislatETs, 1647.
"But thank God there ere no Free
Schools, nor Printing, and hope e shall
not haze these hundred years for learn
ing has brought disObsdience and heresy
and seCts into the world, and printing has
diVulged them and libels against the best
Governments. God keep US from bOth."-
GOVernor BsrElsy Of Virginia, 1871.
These characteristic documents show
hat in this instance coming events esst
their shadows sometime be ore" They
are rema, kably correct candensations of
the sntsgOnistic civilizations that have
come to maturity upon this continent since
they were written.
Massachusetts,, speaking Of the free
States, said in substance that schools and
religion sboul be co.extensive with the
progress Of civilization. Virginis, speak
log for the slave States, denied the means
Of attsining education 70 her people. Since
the Seventh Century the two lines Of policy
set forth in the documents, have been ex.
emplifed in American history. While
one-half the States has made ample pro-
visions for he schooling Of all children,
that chose to improve tbs opportunity, the
other half hiss done all in its power TO dis
courage such provision.
It is not intended to assert that the
higher classes at tie South are less highly
cultured than the same classes st the
North, but that society has there done all
in its power to eonfne all culture TO the
hi her Glasses. With regard to free edu-
cation and the dissemination Of knowledge,
the prayer Of the Southern statesmen for
two hundred years has been that Of Cover
MR. Berkeley, " God keep us from both
He who would American history Alright,
must read in the spirit Of these remarks ;
especially is this nec sssr7 when he comes
to the hietory Of the rebellion.
Who suppeses the Southern l'sders could
have preCipitsted the Southern people into
rebellion against the Government, if they
had been IS we'll schooled as those Of Ohio
or New York; They took advantage of the
gross ignorance Of the masses to incite
them to war heir purpose was accom-
plisbed by convincing them that the most
Infamous lies were truths.
A colonel Of regiment that has done
gallant service in the cause Of the Union,
told US that hundreds Of the prisoners tax
en- during the Vickst urg campaign gave
this account of the beginning Of the war
Fort Sumter wa in the hands Of the South,
and the Ysnkees making sn attempt to
wresti from its ri btful owners, the war
ensued. They firmly thought they were
6ebtisE for the Yankees against the old
Government.
Such statements seem almost incredible,
and did not we know that thousands at the
South are capable of such delusion and
hundreds capable ofsuch deception, belief
would be impossible even upon the mcst
oOnvincirg testimony. Had the Southern
policy been that Of Massachusetts, instead
Of Berkeley's, the arch traitors might have
sp inkled 'lood in the faces" Of the
Southern people to their hearts centsnt
and they could not have gosded them into
rebellion. Not the least Of the crimes that
such men ss Davis, Toombs, slidell and
Mason, must answer for, is the criminal
deception of SO many ignorant and unsus
pecting men.
While the life of treason in the south is
popular ignorance the life of sympathy
with treasO in the North, is popular ignO-
rance. With Insignificant exceptions, (if
there ere sny) in the precise ratio that
Ignorance, immortality and irreligion in
crease in any community, COpperhesdism
increases. The tables Of the census collect
ed with the election returns, will bear us
out in the statement.
There was never q more inexcussble lie
than the statement in the recent issue of g
journal that the ISO, 900 men
who voted for Vsllandigham, we're the
most intelligent men in the State. The
mere fact that such statement was made,
proves thst at the North as well as the
South, there are men capable ofprsctising
deception up;n TIE people.
The spirit Of the whole struggle my be
stated in a single sentence: Unless the na-
ton is right and the rebels wrong, then is
ignorance preferable to intelligence, AMI
better than light. 1t is sufficient
to condemn some causes that they are op-
posed by some men; thst the intelligence
and virtue Of the American people are op-
posed to the rebel cause, is sufficient to
show 1t wrong.
How abOut thar Northern Invasion.
The N. 7. World has had q Baltimore
correspondent during the whole winter
who has been predicting Northern in
Vssion.
Will the World please tell when the in