The New York herald., 1864-08-05
INTERESTING FROM MEXICO.
IMPORTANT LETTER OF MAMMALIAN.
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THE FINANCES OF THE EMPIRE.
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THE MEXICAN BUDGET FoaesnADoWED
ss s. f
PUBLIC OPINION In MEXICO.
Opposition or Church and
State.
DIFFICULTIES OF THE EMPEROR.
THE COST OF AN EMPIRE,
&c, &C.. 10.
Our city OF Mexico Correspondents.

0guFativey assumed the "imporial purple" and pract
cay entered upon the thony administration Of new
empire that the public easts and celebrations which
attended his arrival entirely over the lights extn.
SusAed ths Dead riumphal arches and bowers
That sdorned his pathway whered and demolished now
that the foreign potentate has stretched forth olive
branch and the hand or reconciliation to the stubborn
but patriotic President OF the republic meekly offer
slng terms Of friendship, which been peremptory
Feectel; now, In short, that the romance and rose
water Of tho answ idea" have been utterly Expended
the world s beginning TO the Mexican nation
standing n the presence Of great and evcntful reality
and must watch with interest and anxiety the approach
sng struggle for supremacy between tho forces Of
patriotism and the morbid desire Of European sovereign
Tor wealth and conquest That there is serious and
desperate struggle impending between the two unda
mental elements Of Mexican socetythe progressive
Che resroeressvs-there docs not appear doubt
The views, principles, objects and mission Of these
elements in immediate and direct hostility
60 each other, and for than fifty years
each hes been striving for the mastery. The pro-
gressvc element Is represented by the liberal and
stitutiona party comprising the large ority Of intel
lgent Mexicans who opposed 10 the
tho past and anxious TO open their country the
advantages Of democratic government and beneficial
results which, when rightly administered seldom fail to
follow In it's train. This element Is well and ably repro.
sented BY Beno Juarez the actual President Of the
,pubc. man whose boast ID that he has arisen from
among the neglected Masses achieving for himself by
constant dligencs and integrity the high POSITIONS rst
OF Chief Judge OF the Supreme Court of Mexico
that Of Chief Magistrate OK the nation Nor does uarez
stand alone In his fidelity the progressive
liberty and free constitutional government There
many other distinguished Mexcans abandoned
to cast their swords Into the against
irosom and Of ,her Country DO DO not
record any or their names, because Is my purpose
now 70 deal only with the two great elements OF strife
which have convused the country for than half
her ieruis hills and valleys with the blood q
her The second, retrogressiye element,
- that which is violently and determaedly
antagonistic 70 the broad aud ideas or iree
be found among ths minority the people though
senting than fair proportion OF the natl nal
wsaits, who blindy devoted 70 the obsolete prin
cplas Of b the early conquerors
who would rather witness The destructiou of the
oa 'sao century he
Dt government the people were not considered at all
Seisn Of ali ' delegated @ I power, lhsy we're ruled as
slaves and automata by any petty tyrant OF the
sovereigus Of Spain Personal ndspsndenSe was
sso.g s The press Barred p anS ssasa
s.s,s S.S s01o0 % u 9r liberty more especially
n by 70 & Welfare
che nation The concentration OF absolute in the
hands OF the representatives Of the king and the priest
hsod tho plus ultra their idea OF government.
Therc was always q perfect understan ling between
the one should be used invariably for the ad.
vancement OF the interests o. the olner ana y
80 : many M '1 centuries in building Up such colossal
and princey structure OF wealth "lnstead OF restraints
on the claims Of says pr X oer,son the
to their full extent, and at once imposed upon the
Spanish colonies burden which is In no slight degree
oppressive TO society," even In its most improved state
Al early year 1901 the payment Of thes in the
colonies enjoined and the mode OF IT regulated by
law Every article Of primary necessity, toward which
the attention settlers must natnrsly be turred,
submit ted to this grievous exacon Nor were the
demands Of the clergy confined TO articles of simple aud
easy culture artificial and operse productions,
such as sugar. indigo and cocnneai, we're declared
heabie and thus the industry cf the planter was
taxed In every stage OF It's progress from iis rudnst
essay TO highest Improvement. To the weight % THIS
many voluntary additions They bestowed rrofuse dona-
lions churches and monasteries, and thus unpront
ably wasted large proportion OF that wealth when ,
might nourishcd aud gwen vgor to productive hpor
In growing colony" These are the principles which
the retogressive element OF Mexicoso strongly repre-
eented by the church artyare and have oeeh endeav
aring make permaDen aud for this reas On that
the armed forces OF bera element the field to
oppose a continuation OF sach domination
In the meantime you will allow ms to take general
and candid the state of teoiing in tho country
as regards the new things established by the
invader and the poss bity Of tho consolidation Of tho
empire My opinions IN this respect are ioundct on tne
hest sorcesyof viii considerable travelling,
close obssr and earnest desire 10 discover tue
truth have enabled ms to sec ire In tue present con-
fused and unsettled condition affairs, u necessary 70
premise that II is nut always an easy task 10 arrive az
Just aud correct conc,usns OF the immense quantty
OF chat which may everywherc bc found but very ttc
wheat be the CONSCIENTIOUS cor esondeni
In a,country like this has ucod OF ges cation pcae
traticu and perseverance, 10 unwcaye the webs OF
Misrepresentation aud wii'u falsenood so frequently
thrown the way OF his honest investigations In the
face OF these difficulties aud the ipterested motves o.
those who would prevent tho truth from becoming pa
tent have succeeded IN obtaining much valuable inor
nation concerning the actual feeling OF the people, a y
which SHAH from time 70 lmc lay before ycur nune
rous readers.
THE STATE or PARTIES.
Pubc opinion Is very much divided, among the poopie
IN the and towns OF tho states now occupied Z
Ftenon "a 10 the Feasibility or ultimate advantage of the
nrm establishment OF tho empire Whlie tne s,n MA ~ "a
hcrcuts and parsn OF '.the Intervention oaay 80
ina tho opy chaaoe or OF society
and lease OF prosperity Tor the .nnsa re m
ne au ,ncm men no look ahead OF the pro
cent VINO foresee es,abshnent " "" ,hs snuntrv
aosan run - tbev argue that Msxmilian eau pre
tond to do which could not ana wou naa NJ, besn over
e bv tho nora aud forces Of toregn nations
and tho power entrusted % him oy he WIZ ., .ne people
vigorously porfecting social and economic reforms
Tns vast expense attendant On Maximlian. YAK !.
sosIid syssc. aid 10 the thoroush embarrassment an,
intimidation Of Tho people, Thus The persons who sup
Do inmodaiey, or even remotely, beneated by u. Th
prcsfs, general rule, arc strongly Ia favor OF IN
soos i%o pooep. ep 70. and example They do
enough accordance with her most ancient tradition
ss r,ss, &c sn aoorns .ns Soy Of .hs ch
aud they therefore hail his advent ns grea
event Tor the cause OF the national religion. The
have stil more selhsh reason for standing b.
the agent OF Napoeon.n During the latter par
OF the Juarcs administration sad inroads were mad
into Tho perennial fount Of ecclesiastical wealth. Con
vents churches mouaseries and other religious edoce
o extent and value were ieveed 70 the Eroun
and transferred to people who have made FAR better
OF them than the original To give an Idea Of th
fabulous wealth and extcnt Of these places - onl
necessary 70 cite single example The grest convent
Francisco erected by the old Spaniards on the stree
OF the name, aud not yet entirely demolished wa
capable Of aordng quarters TO upwards or 10000 so
ders Within It's walls there were no less tina
ssycn chapels, and the whole building extanded owe
greater spaco than THAI occupied by tho lsraea
Fsre In the capital Under the rule OF Juares this if
ediace was coh0soated sold AZ nominal rates. and
aOtwAstanf the anathenas OF the church, doraolshe
~ great exe3t by Its purchasers. Tho chapel
that raised thor spres within lie wals have ate