The New York herald., 1864-08-05
81 INTERESTING FROM HEXIC0.
IMPORTANT LETTER OF MAMMALIAN.
THE FINANCES OF THE EMPIRE.
=
S--~~-~--~N~-~~~-~~
THE MEXICAN oErFoaesHaDoWED
s.trF. s@.t .et rs -~~~~~~~~>~~~~~~~-~~~ th
PUBLIC OPINION In MEXICO.
tfsN
eODDOsitfOn 0f Ch,,rch and
PUBLIC OPINION IN MEXICO.
Opposition or Church and
State.
DIFFICULTIES OF THE EMPzRoR
THE COST OF AN EMPIRE,
90, &e.. 10.
Our city OF Mexico oorrespondenos.


aasuratvely assumed the "impora purple" and pract
cay entered upon the horny administration OF his new
empire that the public easts and celebrations which
attended his arrival entirely over the lights extin
Suaed tho roses dead the trumpha arches and
That adorosd his pathway w,thered and demolished now
that the foreign potentae has stretched forth the olive
branch and the hand or reconciliation the stubborn
but patriotic President Of the republic, meeky Offer
Ing terms Of friendship. which nave been peremptory
fsjsotsa; aow, In Short that the and rose-
water Of tho snsw idea" have been utterly Expended
The world is bsglnping TO Mexican nation is
standing IN the presence Of great eveutfu reality
and msss watch With interest and anxiety the approach
&ng struggle for supremacy between the forces or
patriotism and the morbid desire Of European sovereign
for wealth and conquest That there is serious and
desperate struggle impending between the two funda-
mental elements Of Mexican society-the progressive
Che resroeressivs-there docs appear be doubt
The views principles, objects and mission OF these
elements are in immediate and direct hostility
60 each other, and for more than fifty years
each has been striving for the mastery The pro-
grsssive element is represented by the liberal and
ettutonai party comprising the large orty Of intel
gent Mexicans who opposed the
tho past and are anxious to open their country the
advantages OF democratic and the beneficial
results which, when rightly administered seldom fail to
Follow 10 its train This element Is well and ably repre-.
scented BY Benito Juarez the actual President OF the
public. man whose boast that he has arisen from
among the neglected Masses achieving for himself by
constant digeace and integrity the high positions nrst
OF Chief Judge Of the Supreme Court Of Mexico
that Of Chief Magistrate Of the na,n Nor uarez
stand aone In his fidelity 70 the progressive
liberty and free constitutional government there
many other distinguished Mexicans who abandoned
thing TO cast their swords into the scale against
tho outrageous assaults OF European sovereign the
freedom and independence OF their country. do not
rccord any Of their names. because Is my purpose
now 70 deal only with the two elements or strife
. century, and which stn threaten 70 deluge
her fertile hills and valleys with the blood OF
that ~nos Violently snd sn
Antagonstic TO the broad and generous ideas OF ree
:.
sonting more than fair proportion OF the natl nal
wealth Who are blndly devoted % the obsolete prin-
who would rather witness The destruction Of the
nation than permit any pnovatcnot the higher civliza
q government tie people were considered s an
1nsead being held and taken 70 be the fountain and
slaves ave- = and a .usonsss Sy any petty syr.ns Of the
Soveregus OF Spain. Personal Independence was
..sss sss ':HpdRs % e. pss sss': s.s
The pebble mind locked bited barred ana sealed,
ds..S.s s0So0 % uS rS liberty more especially
shs latter were considered tho IoSs and
enc nation The concentration absolute power in the
bands Of The the king and the priest
Che he crown and the Church, that the influence Of
Tanoement Of the interests Of the other and il
was on this basis that the church succeeded, after
ana prncely structure or wealth nsead OF restraints
the claims OF ecclesastcs," says DR. Robertson. the
zeal or the Spanish legislators admitted them into Ameri
ca their full extent and at once imposed upon the
Spanish colonies burden which Is in slight degree
. ns yss Of
colonies enjoined and the mode OF regulated by
law Every article o. primary necessity, toward which
submitted TO this grevous exac,ion Nor were tue
demands OF the Clergy confined to articles simple aud
easy culture Its artificial and productions,
ssuch sugar, indigo and cochineal, we're declared
% theabe and thus the industry OF The planter was
taxed 10 every stage OF It's progress, from It's rudnst
essay highest Improvement To the weight Of this
legal imposition the zeal of the American Spanards made
many voluntary additions They bestowed rrofuse dona
tons churches and monasteres, aud thus unproiit-
ably wasted large proportion OF that wealth wn,ch
in growing colony These are principles which
the retrogressve eement OF Mexicoso strongly repre-
scented by the church psrtyare have beea endeav
orng 20 make permanent aud it is that
forces Of the liberal element are in the Held TO
oppose continuation Of such domination
in the meantime you will allow me to take general
and CANDID the state OF icoiing 10 he country
regards the new order OF things estaosnei oy ,hs
invader and the possibility Of the consolidation of the
empire My opinions IN this respect are onndci on tne
best sourcesp Information which considerable trayesng,
close obssr and earnest desire 70 discover the
truth have enabled ms 70 In the preseat con-
fused aud unsettled condition o. affairs, II y necessary TO
]
lust aud correct concusns OF the immense quantity
OF char which may everywhere be found but very lutte
wheat be sed, The conscientious cor esondeni
IN ocountry ike this hls need ges caution, peae
tratiou and perseverance, 10 unwcaye the webs OF
misrepresentation aud wii'u falseood 80 frequently
thrown the way his homes, invcstgaons. In the
OF those difficulties aud the ipterested moiives OF
tent, have succeeded obtaining much valuable inor
concerning the actual ieeing OF the people, ell q
which shall from time 70 me lay before your hume
rous readers.
THE STATE OF PARTIES.
Public opinion is very much divided, among the people
IN the and towns OF States occupied ~ te
French as 70 the Possibility or ultimate advantae OF tho
nrm establishment OF tho empire While tho warm ad
clare tina, the only chance or tho
and lease OF prosperity for the nations depenu
Others among them look far ahead OF the pro
sent, orssee in the establishment o. ,no empU .as
certain rum OF the credit and saoiy .. we n "rs
There ia nothing, they argue, that Mayim'ah eau
tend 10 do which could not, would not, nsve peer
BY lawful President ho had nc, been over
and the power entrusted him by the viii Of the people
forciby wrcsted from his bands at tn'e y nen ne W.
vigorously perfecting social and ecoIofnio reforms
tue vast expense attendant On Maximian'
assumption Of imperial power can only, the!
hamtiiaiou Of the people. Thus the persons who sup
port the Napoleopc project only those Who expect
pricss as general rule, strongly Ia favor OF th
scheme and do not hesitate 70 support y with ther 10
enough u sScordspce with their mos, snccn, tradition
and fwnctice Macmillan q Catholic sovereign, hrml
; attached 10 tho doctrine ana nhNry OF tns cnurcl
aud they therefore hail bis advent ~ grea
r event FOR the cause OF the national religion. The
have q still more selfish reason for standing b
1.-The agent OF Napoleon.n During the latter par
or the Juarcz administration sad inroads were mad
into The perennial fount OF ecclesiastical wealth. Cou
vents churches monasteries and other religious edace
~ engrous extent and value were eveed 10 the groun
and transferred TO people who have made far better ne
or them than the original owners To give an Idea of th
fabulous wealth and extent OF these places y onl
necessary 70 cite single example Inc greal oVnvsnt
san Francisco erected by the old spauisrds on the stree
OF the same name, aud not yet entirely demosnon wa
cipabe of aordng quarters to upwards OF 10000 go
d,ers Within It's walls there wera no less ina
seyen chApes, and the whole building extanied owe
greater space than thai occupied oy tne aIaes
,are M the oaplta Under rule OF Juarss this IN
onse edAce was cohnsoated sold at nominal rates ant
notwhssnd Ing the anaibenas OF The church, aofaoubhe
10 gre,t extent by It's purchasers. The seven cnnpc
that once raised tho spires within s walls nave su
gethet d,sAppsatod Several streets have already b9t