davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24

nI- The messengers connected with the
American Telegraph Co. in this city have re-
solved to wear Grape in memory of their de-
parted associate, Isaiah A. Mitchell who died
on Saturday night. His death was supposed
TO be in consequence of an injury received at
the Portland works some time since. Isaiah
was q prompt and faithful messenger and had
MANY friends
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24

l1- A. Robinson has received the 9th Nc.
OF the Lady's Friend.-A monthly magazine
of Literature and Fashion, edited by Mrs.
Henry Peterson, Deacon & Peterson, Phila-
delphia, Publishers. NE&
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24

Coz ]. II. Hamlen, ESQ.,, has purchased
large lot ofland on the Northwest side Com
mercial street, opposite Hobson's wharf The
lot contains sbont $4,000 feet, and Is bounded
by Commercial, High and York streets.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24
Guardians Sale Of Rea, E.,.,..

JGKsUAET 70 license from the Hon. John A.
county hereby give notice that shall ofer for
sae AZ pubic auction ON Tuesday June 2sth A. D.
a,os, =. Twelve Clock noon. on the premises one
10. o. iand with the dwelling house on Franklin E
fofuand, formerly the property Of Parker Isley a.
ceased. and numbered 81 on said street ''-S-
said one eighth part being tse share Of NV u.ra.
lanes Henry llsley, and Lydia Giddings Carr ia.
1854. JOHN i xnxwS y. a. "
Al the same tins and place. the remaining seven
signtns OF sad property IN be offered for sale The
AZ BY IS feet. -S's'
HENRY BAILEY & CO.. Auetiou.srs.
Portland, May 2oth. 1884. alwa..
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24

ATLANTIC MONTHLY. The June number
of the Atlantic Monthly has been received
from the publishers, Messrs. Ticknor q Fields.
The table OF contents appears to be, an I'M
usually rich one. Among the contributors to
this number are Longfelow, Agassis, Mrs.
Stowe, Holmes, Bayard Taylor, and others OF
equal celebrity. The July number will com
menee the 14th volume of this popular work.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24

CIV The American illustrated papers for
this week have been received at the book d
periodical store Of A. Robinson No. 81 Ex-
change street.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24
Additional Casualties.

The following were the Casualties in the
9th Maine regiment in the rebel attack on
General Buffers lines on Monday last
Killed.-Milton w WEIGH. b I; Charles w Green,
y, Missing Sergeant Dennis NJ Easan b. Wound
ed-Msjor George Granger, thigh, severely; Fred
Paine, Is, hip; James Patten, b, hand A ID Morse,
b, leg; Sergt II Bryant, side; Benz Hunt. i,
thigh; Geo Reynolds, IL, and foot; Thos
Belcher. shoulder; Wesley castgan, J. side, NOR
tai; Chas l. Jepson, i, finger.
The following are the names of Maine SOL
ders of Gen. Meade's army.
Wounded.-orson Al Abbott 10th; T Blessing,
sth ID Bookings. Sd T; Il Cadmoth. 18TH 4 Conlan.
7tfl Lieut. + Dor. 9Th; ID Edmont 9th + w Friifit
5th w Frost, 9Th J Foster. eth; ii w Fife d.,
4th; Lit Walter Fox 9th w Garfeseet, 10th; q W
Gloyd, Sd J + Haltoo, sist; Hooper, 18th; b o
JouYiet, Sd; c Mcclure, SD; Capt Nye, Sd,
spine; sergt d NJ Overlook. 2Sth II Peaks, 9th; -
Piowman nth; j fushard. 18th; J Lowson, eth;
w Il Little 10th; T. NJ fond, 18th; CofpiJ Reed,
4th; Corpi Mariner 9Th; Patrick McGraih,
18th; L Seonne, Sd /; ID Sheenan, l4th; scoufin,
gu; W Small. 18th: III Qunby, l9;h; W
Qunt, 10th; G sheldon, 4th W Troilop, l9th II
Wedge, SD ; Corp w WATERWAYS. 18th; Capt j
w Claiming. Tth: Ii franklin Gazier, 9Th; 1t
Cony, 18th, Capt timothy Swan. 7th Capt Henry
Warren, 1th, Willis 7tq; Cspt Kelly, goth.
First Maine Wentworth Staples, Co G, Him. Grover
j; W Greenough. 4; Benson Lundy D; d N Kilbow-
en-. Ia Albert ogood. d: Rerg Grau, Il; III Evans,
b. " Bartwood D.; j FISH, L.
Twentieth Maine-serg W Smith, r.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24
Financial,
WASHINGTON. Nav 23

WASHINGTON, May %.
The subscriptions to the l0-40 loan for the
week, as reported at the Treasury Department,
amounted to Sl,l1T,000.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24
Adnpiuistr

pf virtue of license no "a of 49,.
IL OF Cumberland County, .ell a. nnh Is
auction on Tuesday, June 81 H5 fwo ~
N, N, on the premises, the followipg vsc1ibed -.
, ATE Dsio nsing 70 the estate Of Marx Dsernr n
Driagton IN said county Of Cumberland dec2I'<d
and described in the in enory Of said estate e. fo
lows;- Paris Of lois numbered eeve In the foprsn
and hfh range of lots in Bird gtcn sj,,i, $500
,hirty acres, purchased of b. X. larsley. "a
ana y situated about ore half mile from ihe ,ars
ol y. briagton, on the road leading to sweden ma
nas on ~ moving helds, confai0ing about 1 y ave
&C es nearly walled in.-about nine esrss psst..
lng--and the faiarfe covered with ! ine grorrh 81
wood and timber. sio"u "
Terms of sale, one half cash balance q, cr.. -
Win interest, aad good personal security
p.,, LENI CRAM. Administrator
Diiak'oh' may ~, loos dmay2iAv3w
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24

RAILWAY TRAFFIc.-The receipts on the
Grand Trunk Railway for the week ending
Nav 14th. were ss9,92e IS
Correspondng week last year, 1881 81
Increase, Sl5,395 Is
There was an increase, during the week OF
$S,oe3 9S in passengers, and $I2,SSl 20 in
freight.
The total amount OF receipts from JAM LIST
IN Nav 14th is s1,s0T .o33 q
Same period last year, 1886, 602 ~
Increase. 211,430 70
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24
Vaiuabl9 Zeal Estate mt Auction
IN Cape EliZabeih.

WE shall sci, al auction on Wednesday, june 4.
w atSo'ccckP 7. n, on the premises besnti.
iul residence about ore half . mile from The rifv
containg Fire Acres Of Land In very high state ~
cultivation There is on IL about two hundIed pear
rum snd Apple Trees. Currants, Gcosberrfss a.
n, ne buiid ngs on II are There Is two storv
rouse mo Tern 10 its style. hui Of the best steIf
as and thoroughly finished fine Stable Shed dc.
ihe situation Is not exceed d by any in this yien
" FOR the splendid yi1w ID comman d. Of lie cifv
the haroor and the surrounding country.
Connected with IL IL a field OF fceafs -eiohf aerss
OF Or, .mch ~ Nd. and cuts iom one and
aaia ne Of hay to the sore. / his
W. IN subsiantixl stor wall
-, nave 81 n 20 bic TO . more desi-
ssIa n,pe ivpei - limits. Title clear
For psr,;enI. :. ~ en",ie to leave the state.
mayl1dtd HENRY NJ CO. Auet.r.
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24
TO THE AFFLICTEDI
DIR. W.N. DEFINING,
Medical Electrician.
No. N Clapp's Block,

MOULD respectfully announce 10 the o.t,..,. "a
W Portland and vicinity. that he has permapent-
Y located in this city. Daring the eleven NOM.
taat 0 have been in town We have cured some "a
tne worst forms Of disease in persons Who ave triad
otner forms Of treatment In vain. and curing "a
asked do they stay curedy To answer This orest;e.
We VIII say that all that do not stay cu,ed. we viii
doctor the second time for nothing
DR.. d. has been practical Electrician n p tv.,tv
one year, and Is also regular graduated phv.eirs
kiectrciy Is perfectly adapted TO chronic disesses
me iofm OF nervous or sick headache; neuralrin
IN the acute stages or where the lungs are not lSv
involved; acute or chronic rheumatism scrofrla M
OF the spine, contracted muscles, distorted imbs.
palsy or paralysis, ST. vitas' Dance deafness. stan.
mering or hesitancy OF speech, dyspepsia indIres-
every case that can be presented; asthma, bronchI
u.s. structures Of tho chest and all forms Of female
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24

AA0o
The Rheumatic. the equity, the lame and "a h.,
leap with Joy, and move with the agility ar sl..,s.
~ OF youthi the heated brain is coole fhs frr.s
bitten limbs restored. the nncouth .,eformifiss -
moved; faintness converted to y.ror weak ne.. -
strengths the blind made 70 ses the deaf 10 hear
the pasled form TO move zpright; the bIsnishss a.
youth are oblftersted the accsdesss Of mature m.
prevented the calamities OF old age obviated ~
an active circulation maintained. -
l. A DIES
who have cold hands and feet; veal .So,~..x.
lame and weak backs; nervous and sick headschs ,
dizziness and swimming In the head with indissss
ton and constipation OF the boweis main In n a.
and PACK; leueorrh0a, Tor whitesl: fhllpg ~ ths
womb with internal cancers; tumors polyru. .r<
All that long train os diseases will End In Flecris
ny sure means OF cure. For painful
too profase nenstruation, and all OF those ion in.
OF troubles with young ladies' Electricity Il certais
spesine, and vii, In short tina. restore the sasrsr
~ We hare an Electro CAemicaI Lpporuf~s A,
extracting Mineral Poison frum the system, such a.
Mercury, Antimony. Arsenic &c. Hundreds No
are troabled with stid JOINTS weak baeks And So
Gus other difncuties, the direct cause OF yoch !.
nine ont OF ten Is the effect of poise aons A. .
oan be restored to natural strength ar viror ~ ~
use Of from I've to eight Baths. - -
o; and 7 to p. u.
Conssitation Free, ,vlx,..x,
The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1864-05-24
AUCTION SALES.
House and - af Aucuon.

WE shall sell en- Eriie May ~. at o'eock =.
r1use, WITH brick basement o. a. Mnpjoy street
a ns mouse y IN very good order good wafer han d.
ana very desirable for this class or tenement. ~,
- ooscslaney The lot Is n good one about rs by
~ i.e.. ae positive, the owner being non resi-
clear-terms easy. f'F""' Ae
HENRY BAILEY co, Auc,ioseer..
, 1864-02-06
Regulations for Lent in the Diocese OF Nes-
QuallY.

1st. All week days of Lent from Ash Wednesday
(Feb. lOth) until Easter Sunday fasting days of
obligation, on which only one full meal is allowed.
A cup Of tea or coffee, with small piece of dry
bread, is allowed in the morning, and moderate col
laton in the evening.
I'd. The precept Of fasting likewise implies that
of abstinence from flesh meat but by dspensatiOn,
the of flesh meat is allowed in this Diocese all
Sundays Of Lent, and once day all Mondays,
Tuesdays and Thursdays of Lent, excepting Holy
Thursday. By the foregoing dispensatiOn there re-
main only three days Of abstinence each week of
Lent-the Holy week excepted.
Sd. The rule of fasting would be broken by taking
the full meal without sufficient cause, at any consid
eraoie tlme before noon.
4th. The use of flesh meat and fish at the same
meal is prohibited.
5th- There is no prohibition against the use of
eggs, butter cheese and milk: lard may be- nsed in
preparing fish and vegetables. The above extends to
all days of abstinence throughout the year.
9th. The Church dspenses from fastng-but from
abstinence only in special of sickness and the
lke-lst, All those who have not reached the age of
twenty one years; I'd, Yaletudnarans and the in
frm and nurses and pregnant women; Sd, Such
are obliged to make long and painful joumeyings by
sea and land and all who by fasting would endanger
their health or be rendered incapable of discharging
the duties of their employment. All such persons,
however, ought to replace fasting by good works =
7th. The spirit Of the Church is, that fasting and
abstinence be joined with fervent prayer with aims
deeds and good works, according to each ones abil-
ity: "PrHyer is good with fasting and aims, more
than to lay up treasures Of gold" said the angel to
Tobias xii. s. The praisew6rthy practice of recng
the Rosary every day, in each family is particularly
recommended to the Faithful.
sth. Fasting and abst nence ought. to be observed
with penitetial spirit tn at is, with deep sense
of the guilt of our sins and hearty sorrow for them
with sincere desire to return toGod, and a readiness
to petorm tie satisfaction Him for all our
trespasses. Fasting and abstin ence in fhs spirit
cannot fail to move God to mercy in our behalf.
9Th. According to an Indulgence of our Holy Faith
er, Plus, * and soldiers in the S. service
have only six days Of abstinence during the year viz
Ash Wednesday the last three davs Of the Holv
Week, the Vigil of the Assumption Of the B. V. NJ,
and the Vigil of Christmas.
A. NJ. A. BLANCHET, ,sBishop Of Nesqualy
Vancouver, January, 1864. 8w3
, 1864-02-06

TIME FOR PLANTING TREEs.-We are
reminded by Mr.. Philip Ritz, the Nursery
man, that February, of all months in the
year is the most favorable, upon this coast,
for planting out fruit trees and shrubbery.
Mr.. r. has left with us few copies of de-
scriptive catalogue of fruit and ornamental
trees, shrubbery, flowers, etc., contained in
his nursery, which can be obtained by farm
ers and others desiring them, upon applica-
tion at our office.
, 1864-02-06

TERRITORY or FWAsHINGTON, In the Dist Court of the
County Of Clarke. I'd Judicial District.
L. Freidenrch, Ppf, as. Albert Burkhart, Def't.
TENO ALBERT BURKHART, DEFENDANT: Yop
L are hereby notified that /. Freidenrich has filed
complaint against you in said Court, which shall
come on to be heard at the lst term of the Conrt
which shall commence more than two months after
appear at said term and answer the same will ba t
ken as confessed, and the prayer thereof granted
The object and prayer of said complaint is to recover
from You the sum Of six hundred and ninety-fve dol
lars S6 $1,000 with two per cent per month interest
thereon and all costs Of suit, and the further sum of
s695O, being legal disbursements of Plaintiff in this
action, and to obtain the foreclosure OF a certain
by you to the said Plaintiff to secure the pavme5t Of
the aforementioned sum of $685. 90 and TO obtain
an order of sale for the mortgaged premises des
cribed in said mortgage.
Dated Vancouver. w. T.. January IS, 1864
STREUyE 6 LAWRENCE
JdnoOih1 PlH s Attorneys.
, 1864-02-06
TERRITORY OF WASHINGTON,

" J
IN tile District Court-F5rSt judicial District.
A. Brown, l.. Brown and B. Sheideman. doing busi-
mes in the firm name OF Brown Bros 81 Co., Plain
tiffs, os. J. G. Sparks, Defendant
TENO j. G. SPARKS. DEFENDANT YOU ARE
4 hereby notified that the ab0ve-named plaintiffs
have filed complaint against you in said Court
which will come on to be heard at the first term
of the Court which Shall commence more than
two months after the date heref and unless you ap-
pear at said term Of the Court and answer the com
plant the same will be taken for confessed and the
prayer thereof will be granted The object and pray
er OF said complaint is to the sum Of three
hundred and siXty-one dollars and ninety eight cents
(S05l 9ol, on promissory note executed and deliv
cred to plaintiffs the Goth day of February 1862
This FEB. 4th, 1864. LAsATER g. LANGFoRD,
6m2 Atty's for Pf =.
, 1864-02-06

TINE OF HOLDING CoURT-We are in
formed by Mr.. Sexton that the terms of the
District Court for this District are fixed on
the first Monday in April and the first
Monday in October. The limit for the
terms is weeks. Judge Oliphant will pre-
side in this district and will hold the first
term instead of Judge Wyche, as stated in
our last.
, 1864-02-06

PASSENGER TRAIN-Mr. Jas. Wood
started on Monday with passenger train of
fifteen or twenty animals, and as many pas.
sengers for "Boise." He will return in
about thirty days, after which he proposes
to run a passenger train regularly from here
to Boise-leaving here every week
, 1864-02-06

PIoTUREs. Mr.. Brown has just received
new stock of ambrotype and photograph
ing material from San Francisco, and is
now taking ambrotypes, melainotypes, cart
de visite and vignette pictures which will
bear favorable comparison with those taken
at any gallery north of San Francisco.
, 1864-02-06

county Of Clark. ID Judicial District.
7. Reagan, Plaintiff, 0s. VIM. Ryan, Defendant.
ITO VIM. RYAN, DEFENDANT: You are hereby
notified that P Reagan has fled comnioint
against You in said Court, which will come on to he
heard at the first term of the Court which shall COM
menee more than two months after the 18th dav Of
January, 1864, and unless you appear at said term
and answer the same will be taken confessed and
the prayer therof granted. The object and PRAYER Of
said complaint is to ecOVer from you the sum of one
gal rate of interest thereon costs of suit and the fn
ther sum of twenty five dollars being legal disburse
ments of Plaintiff in this action, and to obtain the
foreclosure of certain mortgage, bearing date Oc-
tober 49, 1862 given by you to the said Plaintiff TO
secure the payment of the above. mentioned snm Of
Sl3SOO and to obtain order of sale for the mort
gagged premises described in said mortgage
Dated, vancouver, w. T., January, Is, 1864
STREUvE q LAWRENCE
jan9O 7m2 Piff's Attorneys.
, 1864-02-06

THE STAGE LINE TO BoIsE-This line,
from WalIula Uia Linkton's Mill, will be
put in operation on or about the 25th of
this month.
, 1864-02-06

GEN. WRIaHT.-The Bee says that information has
been received in San Francisco that Gen Wright will
be retained in command of the Department of the
Pacific.
, 1864-02-06
STATE OF OREGON, tIn Justices ho5rs
County of Baker IS

FENO FRANK DODGE: You are hereby notified
L that writ of attachment has been issued against
you and your property attached satisfy the demand
Of L~RynearsOn, w. A. RynearsOn and w. l.. llemp
hill, (doing business under the firm name of L. & A.
W. Rynearson & Co.. amounting to s48,4O Now,
unless you shall appear before S. NJ Black Justice
Of the Peace in and for said county, at his office in
LaGrande' on the 22d day of March, 1864, at one
O'Clock ?. NJ of said day, Judgment will be rendered
against you and your property sold pay the debt
Dated This 25th day of January, 1851.
L. q A. w. RKNEAR ON g. Co.
teo6 SW@ lad Plaintiffs.
, 1864-02-06

"SwEET REVENGE. Under this head
the Golden Age of this week comes out in
furious, Bombastes style,-says the mails
have not arrived at Lewiston as they should,
and wishes to know if Postmaster Kelly has
withheld them because of its "augean sta
BILE" article. 1t processes to believe that
such must be the easej and that Kelly in
conjunction with our citizens is Withholding
the mails as means of "sweet revenge for
its terrible "augean" effort. If Kelly and
the citizens here were possessed of as little
sense and as contemplate spirit as the
augean man the mails would no doubt be
withheld for the sake of revenge. The
idea Of holding the whole people of Lewis
ton responsible for the dirty scribblnngs of
the editor of the Age is infamous, and the
intimation from that sheet that Kelly or
any honorable man would be guilty of such
an act forces the conviction that the editor
is both knave and fool.
, 1864-02-06

THE LEWISTON MAIL.-Mr. Kelly has
made arrangements with Mr.. Durkee for
carrying the mail to Lewiston until per-
manent contract is made by the Depart
ment
, 1864-02-06

A LARGE EMIGRATIoN.-A gentleman
who has been spending the winter in Ore
and California, writes
GA larger emigration will go next season
to the mines of Washington and Idaho than
has ever before gone to the upper country.
Among those who will go both from Oregon
and California are a great many families,
many of whom talk of settling in the Walla
Walla valley. The upper country is all
the talk among those who are not proftabEy
employed in both these States, and many
who have means will transfer their goods
and chattles to the region which promises
such an abundant harvest to the reapers +"
tell you, you would be astonished at the
number who talk Of paying you visit, at
least, and your people would do well to pre-
pare, in advance to receive them"
, 1864-02-06

DIsMIssED.-First Lieut.. Peter Fox, lst W. 7. Inf7y
has been dismissed from the service with loss of all
pay and allowances.
, 1864-02-06

~ Deter and R. Plmmmer take this metbod Of IN
forming the public Generally that they have opened
Hair Dressing and Shaving Saloon, on Main street
adjoining the Sassarc Saloon. They hope by strict
attention to business to merit share of Patronage.
Persons who are afflicted with Scald Heads OF fail.
ing of of the hair, please give us call
we shall Keep genuine article Of Hair Oils and
Pomades for sale cheap anu
Wala Walla Jan. 80, 1868. 7m9
, 1864-02-06

. MANAGERS.
si3 "a T. " FS9a5 saso jas: NJ Ia%s. 7aa HsAB BgG
FLOOR MANAGERS:
lst. 1t. VIM. Kapus. Mr.. e. E. Brown
RECEPTION COMMITTEE.
Is It, j. W. Chwson, Mr.. F. f KclIv
cordial invitation is extended Is aIE.
Tickets, Including Supper, S5 90.
Tickets can be obtained at E. E. KelIy's Book Store
Jan. 30, 1864 znI
, 1864-02-06

JUsTIFYING a. ,sHIMsELF.-The editor of
the Golden Age finding that he has made a
mistep. his unwarranted attack upon the
signers of the Steinberger letter and the
town of Walla Walla, is seeking to justify
himself by writing bogus correspondence,
purporIing to have gone from this place to
Lewiston "by private express" Write
away, Mr. editor, (whoever you 'are) if you
imagine it will dossyou any good; but be as
sured that thousand such letters would
not''remove from the minds of the people
here the impression you have created that
you are ss#ardiyj meddling slanderer
If you will place yourself face to face with
any one Of the signers of that paper and call
him a traitor or a secessionist, or if you will
do the same to ninety nine out of one hun
dred Of the citizens of the town which you
denominate as the "hot-bed of treason" we
will insure you as severe castigation''as any
other dog ever received.
, 1864-02-06

TAX UPON CHINAMEN-A bill has
passed our Territorial Legislature providing
for the taxation of Cinnamon. The Johns
in the Territory will hereafter have to pay
at the rate of about six dollars each per
month The revenue is to go half to the
Territory and the residue to the county in
which the Cinnamon are residing. 1t was
the intention, we believe of the trainers Of
the bill to include with the Cinnamon our
colored population of the African type, but
it was found upon consultation that the
sympathizers with the latter race would de-
feat it, and the idea was abandoned. The
principal object of the bill is intended to dis
courage Chinese emigration to this country,
and the possibility of that kind of labor
coming into competition with or to the ex-
clusion of white. 1t is in fact bill to pro-
mote the interests of the white man and to
protect white labor; and why a preference
or distinction should be made between a
black man and a Cinnamon we cannot di-
vine. The labor of each when brought into
competition with white degrades the latter,
and if one degrades white labor more than
the other the odds is certainly with the ne
gro. 1t used to be a fayorite argument
with Col. Baker and that class of Rpubli-
cans, to assert that their party did not like
the negro, that they desired to get him as
far away from northern free labor as posi-
bic, and that this was the reason why they
worked to exclude slavery and slave labor
from the Territories But how does it turn
out F? The dominant party now utterly re-
fuses to give an adequate protection to
white labor. 1t seeks by every means
in its power to bring the colored man and
colored labor upon an equality with white.
This policy, if not happily averted by the
wisdom of our people, must eyentuate in
nothing but misery to the negro and ever
lasting disgrace and degration of the white
man. We hope that our next Legislature
will be composed Of men who will 6ndeavor
to legislate SO as to effectually check the
emigration of negroes into the Territory
We are in favor of discouraging Chinese
emigration to this country, and equally in
favor of discouraging negro emigration X