davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Highland weekly news. [volume] (Hillsborough [Hillsboro], Highland County, Ohio) 1853-1886, 1864-09-08
NoutR's Department.
Charade.

..o rCharade. ZU.ul...y.
My first and second, double you aro
My third, the note of bird we oft hear;
My fourth, a prefix, which in Chemistry means
Very or fully; and TO me 1t now seems
That you viii guess me, and, If you do,
This name Of gentleman you will view. Ifr.
Milo.
The Highland weekly news. [volume] (Hillsborough [Hillsboro], Highland County, Ohio) 1853-1886, 1864-09-08

Lad es will sooner pardon want of
sense than want of manners, ,.....
The Highland weekly news. [volume] (Hillsborough [Hillsboro], Highland County, Ohio) 1853-1886, 1864-09-08

Ma. BoARDMAS:-Ths answer to "ATthmetical Prob
lem" in the ''News Of Aug. 25th, ia, 1888 9-22 legs.
The Highland weekly news. [volume] (Hillsborough [Hillsboro], Highland County, Ohio) 1853-1886, 1864-09-08
IFor the News
ArithmetioaI Pr,hlem.

Two mSein Boston hire carriage for s25 70 go to
Concord, r. H., aud back, the distance being ~ miles
with the privilege oftakinR in more persons. Having
gone 20 miles they take In A.; at Concord they take
In b. and when within 30 miles OF Boston, they take in
O. How much shall each man pay1 Milo.
The Highland weekly news. [volume] (Hillsborough [Hillsboro], Highland County, Ohio) 1853-1886, 1864-09-08
FARMERS

r -NKYIsHING to buy a Combined Reaper and Mower
wv or Mower alone, will do we'll to call and see
Balla Improved Ohio Reaper and Mower.
ju23 Ff'r BLACK KIBLER,
The Highland weekly news. [volume] (Hillsborough [Hillsboro], Highland County, Ohio) 1853-1886, 1864-09-08

Answer TO Enigma Of last week-Look heart Trimb .
Glepn......T To ChAraGe; A Bun. Dance, ....'
The Highland weekly news. [volume] (Hillsborough [Hillsboro], Highland County, Ohio) 1853-1886, 1864-09-08
New Grocery and Saloon.

II EsPEOTFULLY informs his friends and pub
NJ lie generally, that he has opened new Grocery
and Saloon ln the Brick building on Main street, two
doors east of the Post 0hice, where he will keep on
hand an assortment Of '.f'. .'
Family Groceries, Confectionery, &C.,
which he win selfat the lowest prices.
Atso, attached TO the above, he has SALOON AND
nESTAURANT, where Ale, Beer, and other refresh.
ments will be furnished.
He inVites a share of the public patronage.
b Htlsboro, August A. 1864, au4ins3m
The Highland weekly news. [volume] (Hillsborough [Hillsboro], Highland County, Ohio) 1853-1886, 1864-09-08
OIEHTtettG = Cincinnati
g - ]
.F01lroad.
GOING EAST.

COMMENCING MONDAY, MAY ls, 1864,
TJNTIL FURTHER NOTICE TRAINS WILL RUN
A. follsWs.
The Highland weekly news. [volume] (Hillsborough [Hillsboro], Highland County, Ohio) 1853-1886, 1864-09-08

SPEECHES ofHarris Of Maryland, and
Long Of Ohio, Denouncing NcClel-
lana Double Faced Tickes nnd
Platform--Goo. II. Pend etoh, for
Vice President.
The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1864-09-14

cidedly apparent than it ever was before,
because tho blockade prevents importation,
and possession by the government Of the
railroads, and the impressments Of more
than all the surplus horses and mules, pre-
vents distant transportation within the
Conederacy. The best thing our govern
ment could have dune at the beginning Of
the war. and the best thing it can do now.
is TO outbd all (speculators included) for
provisions, and then deplete the pockets Of
the farmers by taxation-pay out with one
hand, and take in with the other.
BY the fnrclble taking from the farmers
their productions at halt price, a premium
has been offered for the practice of avarice
and seltishness. A. refuses to sell 10 the
spectators and keeps his provisions and
sells to the poor at half price. But the
government steps in and takes them away
iroin him, paying less than that. B., his
neighbor, without charity and devoid Of
patriotism, dreading visit from the press
man, has sold his for twice or thrice as
much 10 the speculator, who extorts still
more from the poor. That man is a fool
who wishes TO weaken the prosperity of
the farming class. These are the founda-
tion on which all other classes are sup
ported. Sap this, and all the rest tumble
down. If our farniers have failed to raise
provisions enough for the country, when
they could get one hundred dollars barrel
for corn, do the non. producers aad the go
yernment expect they will raise greater
quantity, when they know il viii be forci-
bly, taken from them at twenty five? Verl-
", the world (or our part Of it seems adj
sanclng in knowledge, and the man who
was of old set down as a fool for ripping
open the gaose that laid golden eggs, was
no fool at all. FARMER.
The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1864-09-14

The leaven is working. Tie Confeae-
rate victories of the past four months have
made radical change in Northern opin-.
lan, aud if Heaven shall youclsafe a con-
tinuance of our successes, we shall sson
have peace upon our own terms, or the
N"rth will have war at home. II ON the
other hand our armies should be defeated,
the tope of Northern apinion will be total
ly changed. and the cry will then be far
war 70 the last extremity. How much,
therefore. depends upon success in the
deld! Oct people at home pray for it as
earnestly as the soldiers in the field fight
for it gallantly.
The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1864-09-14
THE DEMOCRATIC PLATFORM.

The following resolutions were adopted as their
platform, with but four dissenting voices, by the late
Democratic Convention al Chicago:
Resoived. That in the future, as iD the
past, we will adhere with answering f.
deity to the Union under the constitution
as the only solid foundation Of our strength.
security and happiness as people, and as
a framework Of government equally con-
ductiye to the welfare and prosperity of
all the States, both Northern and South
ern.
Resoiued, That this Convention does ex-
picitly declare as the sense of the Ameri-
can people, that after four years of failure
To restore the Union BY the experiment of
war, during which. under the pretence of
military necessity, or war power, higher
than the Constitution. the Constitution it
self has been disregarded in every part,
part, and public liberty and private right
alike trodden down, and the material pros
perity Of the country essentially impaired.
justice, humanity, liberty and the public
welfare. demand that immediate efforts be
made for a cessation of hostilities, with
view TO an ultimate convention of all The
States. or other peaceable means, to the
end that, at the earliest practicable mo-
Inent, peace may be restored on the basis
ef the Federal Union Of the States.
Resolred. That the direct interference
Of the military authority Of the United
States in the recent elections held in Ken
lucky, Maryland, Missouri and Delaware.
was a shameful violation of the Constitu-
tion. ipd d repetition Of such acts in the
approaching election will be held as revo-
lutionary, and resisted with all the means
and power under anr control.
Resolped, That the aim end object of the
Democratic psrty Is to preserve the Fede.
raj Union and the rights Of the States un-
impaired. and they hereby declare that
they consider the administrative usurpa-
tion of extraordinary and dangerous pow
ers not granted by the Constitution the
subyersion Of the civil by military law in
States not in insurrcction; the arbitrary ar
rest. Imprisonment, trial and sentence Of
American citizens in States where civil
law exists in full force the suppression of
freedom Of speech and Of the press the
denial Of the right of asylum the open and
ayowed disregard Of State rights the en-
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26

their burning with hords of armed slaves hirsng
complete the demonac wasting and destroying
painting the powsbare of desOaton
RACED cities in whose forms oaw
life home, all
rise more till God shall plant in the bCsoms OF gen
Grafton the principles Of liberty and love of which this in
madness, has cast of.
which crowned
this spring in all parts Conederacy have the
pleasure to the splendid
resulting the
Ge-capture the Plymouth Washington
considerable portion of territory
This is the gratifying because accomplished by
OfN.
lima Brgader Maj Gen. Hoke commanding the land for.
and Commander Cooke with the steam ram Abenarle
doubt not but that the proprey rendering sua
these officers of1cers
under their conspicuous herOism which has
been rewarded oy such splendid results We cordy and glad
welcome BACK fellow that thus rescued
them Tor their @ heence to cause under the yra-
ny aud oppression OF our foe Indeed gratifying TO observe
the great loyalty and patriotism whole portion Of
state within contiguous which
been alike subugaed his bandis
the ay speedily come when our jurisdiction shall again extend
to the sands OF the Atlantic
Several other which
Will thrust themselves upon your attention
financial interesting the
lie Treasurer Is SO " and complete that content merely
refer to it, confident that could improve
his suggestions, which I, in the main, endorse.
Oor especially the INDECENT families soldiers
demand 1t is justly they
absence their natural protectors cannot however make
specific recommendation their relief but should
plan to superior wisdom doubt not but
will promptly upon 1t will be difficult many
them struggle through till harvest, especially in of
counties OF the which have been pyed uponale by friend
and foe.
Trusting harmony prevail your counses, and that
much good under God the therelrom
close with expression readiness to
with youhou Id it lie in my powein the execution OF the Ia
bors devoVing upon you. . b. VANCt~
ExECUTGvE DEPARTMENT May 18th, 1864.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26
FROM GEORGIA..

ATLANTA, May 20th 1874.
press reporter who left Cass Station last night brings
intelligence OF heavy diminishing that place, which
continued until night. Our loss comparatively small.
Clob crre's Division he'd the enemy in check.
Report says fighting Joe Hooker was IeJ AID his body
fell into cur hands.
Gen Johnston Issued his battle order yesterday telling
his troops that communication with the now
SAFE and asked initiate their brothers in Virginia
and the Nisassppi. This read with the widest
enthusiasm.
in Iioo of battle Just beyond the Etawah
River, with The left resting on the stream.
LATER.The train arrived this evening bringing 3D.
ditional ne w5 Or reports OF fighting.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26

No IGlsos Eas II private letter from Petersburg
says that aimee prisoners taken il the fights between
Richmond cnd Petersburg agree that old BUTLERs Or
dcrs were to Ike prisoner BUFFERS forces we're
Informed thar Grant Lad whipped Lee, and was rapidly
advancing Oh E.cbmoud aud that it was only necessa
ry for them to close up and aanihlate the rebel" ar
mics to put cid 10 The rebellion and close the war
This is corr0bcra,ed by the statements of deserters
Ire beasiy gentleman found that his calculations
were rather mistaken, ard that Lis men we're the par
tics to a k quarter, not to sirc it.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26

! CARD IL tie Petersburg Register Of the 10Th
signed "Juscc cortra3c.s the report given ia that
paper Of the day before in reference to General WHIT
ING. Justice So that General WHITING mas not been
relieved Of the ccrGard Of tie Department OF North
Carolina md ScuIcsn Virginia, 1iich be assumed on
going 10 Pettrs5ug ard iatimates that erroneous
impression exists in reference 10 the movement which
he commanded ol Monday.
Although very strange rumOurs have been afoat,
have frh2rne 70 notice them bc'oFe as such things
are so apt to assume tie most exavagant proportiohs
1t is az least well &c await facts before falling with the
general Glamour TLch may turn cut to be unfou1ded,
and is nearly slwaya certain TO be exaggerated.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26
COEFEDERATE CONGRESS-.

tICRIoND. klay ZUth tSO4
Tie ScLaa p9ss h7 HCute bill 'hOrjzng Companies
foT Regiments cavalry. Also Senate bin providing for
the pon of General Officers instead of signment
By tie President to the command Of any ioces, Districts
departments; but ead officers to resume their
original rank at the will CT the President.
Ia the louise Sir Rives delivered argument irsulpor
OF the Suspension Of the writ Of h0beaS corpus.
Tie galleries and asles crowded by Senator's Ia.
dies and Others Mr. Baldwin continued the debate on the
sd
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26

II would aeem that the enemy which y approach
ed Richmend the Eorths;de was commanded by
General SHERIDAN and consisted of heavy force. They
Etaid within sight the nchmeHt of the city until the
18th. From prisoners ana others, it is learned that
they seriously hoped to -ato the city. They
probably waited for the signal to assault the
works to .on the 5outhslde, but that falling
they thought best to depart which they down the
Peninsula One gf The prisoners brought remarked that
they @oud have arrived At Richmond tao days soonr but
for IN une expected delay.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26

constantly taken to enghten public opinion in regard
to the character and policy of the Imperial Govern
ment.,' The appointment Was made on the eieVenth
anniversary of the tie day upon which Mr. Masseras
assumed the editorial Management of the Courier.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26
CAMP oar IHh. Isrta n. G. tt.

,,,,, NEAR LIBERTY MILLS VA, Feb. 9Th, 1854
THE UNDk RSIGNEO respectfully announces to the
citizens and soldiers Baden CouDty that be cand
date for tie Office sheriff of said County and Cud be
pleased to their support If elected ne pledges
fidelity and zeal which has characterized him
a soldier.
BENZ. F. RINALDI,
Capt. &C. A, 18th N. C. r.
March End, 1854. IAs-3E&2S-ts'
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26


The. Petersburg Express Of yesterday that General
Amcs killed in the fight of ond&y at eIfald
B.Idg Smith lost foot
B4ler remained board the steamer Greyhound with
ste up during the fight.
qh9 Washing CORE pondeDt of the 2ew York Eews,
of the llt the simple truth is have yet gained
yictCy lave fufered terrible IN loss Of killed and wound
al
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26
The Iso,.ndaa Ut RIcnm6nd.

The following is he list OF the wounded officers who
nave arrived al TIC officers hospital in Richmond, since
Sunday at Eo0n.
George Wilcox, 10Th \ c Lieut. NJ B Blair, 26tb
q; Lieut. D Thompson, 18Th n G; w f Ave
z We J5l \ \ . Lieut. -3 R",ShoF q y Maj q
Q; LeulJ 4 G aLan, 27lh Nc; Lieut. + = Ri.
eis} on \ Z ; Capt Ii W Alternately, 34.hN q.
In5 a00's' Win lew exceptions, are only slightly
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26

IMPERIAL LCNORs TO A FprxrI, EnrroD NJ
Masstras ,oior oi tbe Courier des Flats I1nis NM
1Hkh Las been appointed hy the E2pcror Of Ffance.
CLe7aLtr q tie Legion &c ECnneur IN cnsiderofion
OF Tie zeal aLd la-ent "ilh which he hes blended
FRENCH interest II America and the care which he has
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26
FROM RICHMOND

RICHMOND, Nay Goth, l-G4.
The bridge ever The Stanton River the DanVile Raj
R0ad has been repaired.
The Piedmont Pail Doad, connecting DaEyile with
Groars1O.o', has been completed. Trains will commence
to ruQ through TOMORROW.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26
tIItLEG GRAPHIC

Entered according TO the of Congress- the 1868
by J. :. IHaAsHER in tie Clerks Ioe Of the District
Court % Confederate Sites f9r the Northern Dstric
OF &c praa.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26


last week and the week before, in Northern Virginia
They shout. vc'o,y! and Lincoln early as the 9tt
instant, issued proclamation as io!lows:-
EXECUTIVE MANSION,
WASHINGTON, May OH, 1864
To The Friends Of Union and Liberty:- ,
Enough is Known of cur army operations ~l'hih Ihe
last five days, to claim especial gat'ude 10 uoo
While what remains uUdone otnlaEuS our hosC since
rrayeTs TO- end reliance upon 1ilIl tWl'huut WHO'LL all
hnnIsn ,rCrt is vaip) ] recommend that all patriot
at tbtr bones their places OF public worship, and
wbfr,ver they may be- unite in common Thanksgiving
and prayer 10 Almighty God.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
On the same day. the 9th dispatches were sent North
from Washington, stating that LEE was in full retreat
on RcImond-GFAAT pursuing that HANCOCK had
passed thr ugh Spotsyvana Court House on the 9th;
that BUTLER had whipped BEArREGARD, aud cut of
Petersburg from Richmond
After all Ibis flourish Of trumPetg on the 9th the
Wash ingtcn Concc Of Tuesday, estimates the reduc
ton of GRANTS forces at thirty five thousand and
this was btoG the ter fc battle OF Tuesday and tie
still more ten c battle OF Thursday had taken place
On Thursday, GRANT brought his up in ten lines
line lie Iu1--CEcb one close behind another
and burlCd them against the breastwcrks which pro-
tec:ed he Southern army They broke through at
point, std but At al Others thcy were repulsed
with terrible slaughter. IheI heavy masses, exposed
in open flo to the fire OF rife balls ard grape shot
from beIird substantial beast works. we've literally
moarsd down. ~hs oar loss comparatively trifing,
on account IF Cur men b,rg protected; even at the
point where The emmy hal broken through, be was
promptly driven oat aad most Of the prisoners be had
mad were rccap,UTed.
The plan OF hasliDg Ire after liue-line after ne-in
terrific force, Lad succeeded at Missionary Ridge,
and at DoreIon bat il did Lot eG ct its object at Spot
Ryvana Court House. ana only resulted in fearful loss
to the as-aila1ts L is probable that GRANT will soon
try some other tactics AL his rezerves went in on the
9Th. All the fresh troops he could draw from the gar
risous If Washing md lis deencos were pushed for
ward O. tie I2th. lie en- rake or scrape very lew
more.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26
BANKS AGAIN,

CLINTON, Ia, May 18th,
via Mobile, May Goth, 1864.
The Memphis Bulletin of the 18TH that Banks
has been saPe1ceded by M8j G n Carney.
FROM THE TRANS MISSISSIPPI.
MERIDIAN, May 90 1854.
Little Rock papers of the 81 inst the Of
Steele and his army TO that place, followed by Price.
hayer joined Steele at Akad pa. The is forti-
tying ct Little Rock aDd Pine Bluff Dardena is il our
pOs6eEsor.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26
THE WILMINGTON JOURNAL.

CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA.
WILMINGTON, n. G., SATURDAY. MAY 81, 1864
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26

revival q ltIs0n IS PROCESSING OF the Fifth Sreet
hetbodlSt LlscopSi Church IN his place. Several per
have Cie.se CONVERSION, and there has been nm,
Der q pen!teE:s the altar every GLt this week. The
Pastor, Rev. :. =. PesIer. is laboring faithfully.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26
CAPTAIN CO. F, 50 N. G. Infantry.
For tie Journal.
NHNECToE, L. @, May ooh, 1854.

THNH CTov, L. c., May 20 h, 1854
NtSsiE. Editors - ..
Please allow small space in your Columns to sug.
Rcst TO the tsts Of clutches the proprety of 10
srE dsfI prayer mGGtg Tor County. Tie Crisis
demtEds H. tie cvcr!ry IIic1s reed it. and be
saSs ta They can Re held Gt CLOCK every afternoon
Fg4 cos or lie option time. Ihcse he
IN other aces Re Vel attended ard tL.Ga gooo 1T.
TEN alct may &c aG u Wilmington. while SO raa7 Of our
1.ct.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26

THE Yankees claim great successes 10 the battles of
last week and the week before, in Northern Virginia
Tbev shout, vic'oy and Lincoln early as the 9th
instant issued q proclamation as io!lows:-
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26

FROM PETERSBURG, &c.
R1cr,r,n.tn hEnu OOH
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1864-05-26

Err. GRANVILLE j. ELLIOTT: am very much Obliged
to you for the handsome pipe you have sent nc. IL
beautifully carved, aad my admiration Of its ox cutioY
is greatly cubanced when l consider Jour oppor uas
and implements.
Cordially joining you in your aspirations for paau,,
and trusting that freedom and happiness may soon be
restored to your State and with thanks Tor your kid
sentiments, on, very respectfully, your obadigut
want, r. h. LEE
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1864-01-08
Echo Gold md silver Mining

Company, Gold Hill District, n. T.; Office No.
tbs Clay street, San Frnnciso, Dec. -, ls63.-No-
tice is hereby given that In accordance with the
laws of the State Of California, and order duly
made by the Board Of Trustees of the Echo Gold
and silver Mining Company there will be sold at
public auction, ut the salesroOm Of John Middle
ton & Son, No. 400 Montgomery street, on MON
DAY. February 9Th, 1864, at ~ o'clock H., to the
highest bidder, for cash, in u. s. gold coin, 20
many shares Of the capital stock Of said company
standing in the names of the following persons as
will be necessary for the payment of assessment
No. 9 Of Five Dollars per SHARE, duly levied there
on by the Board of Trustees OH the 9th of Sep.
TENDER, 1863, and assessment No. 3, duly levied
by the Board Of Trustees, Of Five Dollars per
share, on the cd November, 1853 together with
said assessments and charges arr sooner paid.
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1864-01-08
ASSESSMENT SALES. !,
Lyons d Leland consolidated Gold

LYONS q Leland Consolidated Gold
md Silver Mining Company, Devils Gate Dis
trict, once No. 6O7 Washington street. above
Montgomery, San Ttancisco.-Notlce b hereby
given that In accordance with tine Jaws OF tue
State OF California, aad an order daiy made by
the Bonrd Of Trustees Of the Lyons and Leland
Consolidated Gold and Silver Mining Company.
there will be sold Ut suction at the Ialesroon Of
jerome Rice Co., No. 327 Montgomery street,
San Francisco, on Monday, February Isl, =. ~.
bidder, for cash, IN u. 8. gold coin, 20 many
shares Of the capital stock Of said company stand
ing in the names Of the following nhsxhoiders, Us
shall be necessary for the payment Of IN as.c.S
mcnt (Nfo. q of Fifty (5O cents per share, duly
levied thereon by tho Board Of Trustees on the
23d day Of November, A. ID. 1855 toEether With
expenses Of sale and advertising, unless said as'
easements and charges ure paid before the SALE
BY order of the TRUSTEES, Twenty-Five (25r
cents of the above Assessment Is postponed for
tI,tr4v duyH till March /, 1864,
Gold Hill daily news. [volume] (Gold Hill, N.T. [Nev.]) 1863-1882, 1864-01-08
ASSESSMENT SALES.
.,A-USK1. Gold asd SiIrer .uinin 2

Compamy-Noiice is hereby given that, IN aecor,
S,nr,. with the laws Of the Territory Of Nevada
md an order made by the Board of Trustees of
the Abel s. Key Gold and Silver Mining Com
many. there will be sold in front Of the Office Of
IN. company. in Gold Hill, n. T., on wEDNES-
DAY, the 9Th day of January, A. D. 1864, at one
o'clock P NJ. at public auction, to the highest bid
der for cash, in United States gold coin, many
shares of the capital stock Of said company
standing in the names Of the following persons as
will be necessary for the payment Of the amounts
standing axainst them for assessments heretofore
levied and duly advertised, ind costs Of adver'
mad