Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1864-03-13

ton for bTeEkiog Hp tho Union Tbs drsl Q
| tnese Has during the Administration of Washington
wren he New England Represeu ut stives declared tia
snoss States would Feeede unless the debts ef th
ses sno9d ee assumed by the General Government
Ahe second was upon The occasion Of theembargo act
prssed December q 1907 a. rstaIisfo-r 7rsas5-e y
meet the Berisn DEGREES Of Napoleon aud the ritisi
orders N council Ths eubzrg0 being h the ylevv q
the Eastern States, designed 81 : blow AZ mir 60,
msrcs for the bsnsft OF ciher sec.iors of &c eo,f
open Esn7tAuee va t9Eeatened IN eass the etabarg,
z9 enforced The whence Of this outery secafd ~
rspesl Of the embargo in 1903. A similar dispoTio,
was msnif stsd in New Eng snd sgaln the purahss,
of Louisiana. The propogtion Of q measure vrhici
has added so incidentally the grestneas and prosper
y Of the country net with similar threats OF ois
solving the Union.
ishsd clamor DID New England threaten rebellion Il
the Goveramsnf, and throw herself upon the doctin.
of State sovoreigny ss authorizing dissolution of th
Unon- Thii 1aa during the administration Of Mr.
Madison and from dissatisfaction with its measures hs
laas Of which was The declaration Of war Ia 1872
Slavery tEen, as H0W, vas held up to odium 'h,
rotten part OF the Coastitut on which mus Be an m
tated Inaersd not then, a. It has not IN more reesn
times, that i WAS part OF The Constitution This op
position took an organized form OF exprasoH in fhS
Hartford Convention Of December 10 1914. in VIII q
Massachusetts wss repre-. .entsd by twelve delegates
Connecticut by Feven, Rhode Island by fou- New
HsEnpEhrs BY three. End Vermont byone.
| dissolatlcn ot the Union and formation 81 a new
e9nisdersey was the remedy to which shat convention
looked unlees Their terms should be complied with and
uteror for actual separation OF The States
Wera 20 be taken By aubssqaens ent5n to be hall
in June following. Lie Soath Carolina before ths
fRai act Of separation the States Of ehussts
Connecticut sent commissioners 10 Washington 10 pre-
Esut their demands The Administration Among these
was the high name Of Harrison Gray Ohs. Tbs 5mgi
tEDeous arrival in Washington Of The news Of he peace
OF Ghent no dOGb slnue saved New England ths henor
OF anticipating tbs Southern States in separating from
| the Union
It thus appears that IN the hsresy Of secession and
notification eOust st;ut0nsl remedies Tor real or in
agiraTy grievances ths North Endnhe South were alike
participants. While have expressed nv owe disso
probation OF t qasnees dsdueed from thoze doe
trie it Is impossible to deny that their full ius,iaca.
u IA wnHNr hi linz
In my judgment both were wrOug All gisucs Was ia
both instances, equally due 20 the General Government
States within The reserved; and DO think that in
either case the grievance was sufficient to justify
As to the right OF the General Government to eoeree
State, 10 such circumstances, the pre- ponderanee Of
authority mNy be said 10 have BEEN adverse. Il well
known that proposition to confer the power % eoer-
ing State was made in the constitutional invention
By Edmund Randolph and WAS dscisively jeeted II
is sso clear that It Is not among the specially granted
powers ana If IL be found there At all, Il IA among
those which are necessary to carry the granted powers
iEtO effect Ii the opinion Of JOhqson aud Ells
worth the delegates in the constitutional convention
from Connecticut and OF hr. Madison, from Virgin =.
thGt the Constitution does not ste7pt to eoercs sovsr-
esn States IN their political capacities; that s power
which is 10 enforce tEs Laws Is 80 be legal power
vested in the magIs rates The force to be enDloved "a
ths energy Of Law AMI bis Is be exerted oply uD,
individuals HGmiltous il be did not expressly deny the
existence Of the powe- 70 c0erce certainly did not az
least contemplate Its exerciss He approved OF the pr6-
ceedngs by Massachusetts, calling 10 aid the power OF
tins tieaeTa fh8 Shaw
tion, but he remarked in that cOnne-tisn:
But how this force be exerted on the States col
eetvelyl It Itismpozshis. It amounts to declaration
Of war oet"esn the parties Foreign powers also will
not be idle spectators. They viii interfere; tie eoufu
sion wnsncrease, and 4 disoluton Of the Uaion win
| ensus."
Iis apparent from the history Of the State rights doc
trius that in framing ns1nsl Government there srs
rI7ny and greater dTarEites t. Be reconcsd between
the independent States, ThOuga speaks as g common
language, and possess nE the coGlmen iaT - summon
Inheritance, the onaE Of the different sections yTeze
marked by radical agd striking PeeuisritieE The
Purt2ns OF New England differed not in charater
from the Cavaliers Of Virginia than the Huzuenots OF
the Csroihas from the the Q1skers Of Ps1n and
tEe Roman Catholics Of Maryland from tie Dutch OF
New York. The prci1dleeE Of opinion and antipalhles
which t2e settlers ought vi them from Europe were
sill actively cherished IN their abode. There were
also wide differences Of interest The interests Of hs
Northern States chiefly commercial their wealth
consisting in tie ships engaged Ia The carrying trade
aad in the fisheries TIE States Of the S5oth, whose
property was more largely IN slaves were interested in
/ planting. In forming a common Government thsss
disoordsnt elements had 10 be consulted and rso5n
| cfled
TO any one who has carefully studied the history Of
the Constitution it must be clear tha the full demands
OF tha sections had been insisted on iE the eonveuten
thai body would have terminated without results But
the aston was one calling loudly for compromise and
the wise heads and patriotic hearts Of the men Ct the
revolution were there to meet It in the proper spirit
New England demanded protection FOR her CATION
while the South required protection for her slave prop
erty. These demands were Teeonc led BY the SOutt
slTrendering to the common Governments the wight &
tax The ships Of foreign States and 10 impose dufjei
upon Dports-i1 other words the control Of tie whole
subject OF trade-NeW England csuedng on return tc
the Soath ths night of importing slaves for twenty
years the right to have ihres-hfhs Of her slaves rec
Oned II the basis for representation snd the right to the
surrender Of her fugitive slaves. This character
lied by G0uvernsur AorT the bargain between
the sections, and by L slavery became part Of ouI
national Government. Hal these concessions not bssr
obtained, Il Is bus ths simple truth 10 say that tbs
Scuhem States would never have become parties tc
the Government
| Such, then was The Govarnnept LEFT us Ev our n
thsre grh fanft mi rVifh
ditoDs which it iavslYes good faith required that
should strictly adhere 70 them. IbesTe the history o
cur Government viii bear out in the assertion thai
whatever troubles we have Al any tims experienced
have been IN cOnsequ Of the exercise Of the doubt
ful powers and Of departure from the spirit Of the
compact might insta thaE departure ia the case
OF the es,abshmsnt Of the national bank and the as
sumption Of he State debts Il wss further sep IL
the s5IDs direction when OY he tariff of 1916 ard 1874
AMI leS duties upon imports levied not for he
elsafy constitutional purpose OF economical admin
istrston OF the Government bat for the Evoed obs;
OF protection & home manufactures Happy thlice
happy for tbe people Of these States would It have
besn, had the sectional feeling OF the ecultry limited
itself TO such frumpbs il might hops to sehievs
through the exercise cf implied powers uudsr the Con
stitution
But it manifested sself further In satisfaction on
the part OF the North with the compromises Of the Con
st itiOn in regard to ssvsry, There had, indeed ez
ised almost cote1pOrsneOusl with The adoption Of Tx
charter small party OF AbOltorsts eOnSistng chief,
Of the Quakers OF New England sud Pennsylvanii
These parties, during Washingtons Administration ha
memoEiaizsd Congress for the abolition OF the slsy
trEds prtOr 20 tls time UNeQ tle Constitution
the abolition Of slavery within the Ststes This cry
which originated with fanatics WAS caught up bv pol
ticans foT party eGda and used with great bitter
By the Northern journals Intensity the hostility
which that section entertained toward tbs
SIR JeersOns and Ar. &sdlsoas Administrations Thi
spirii Of hostility 20 slavery continued increase an,
broke out with fresh virienes on the application o
Missouri for admission into the Union u thus assumed
unprecedented importance from connection with
| contest for political power
Shortly after the public mails were used TO distribute
over the sou'h incendisTy matter calculated to 5ti
up nsurreetiOa among the slaves. Congress vas be
sieged for the abolition Of slavery within ths Dsrie
Of Coiumbis, snd John Quincy Adams Lersisten Il
and def Enty presented pesiou1 praying tor dlssO
luton Of the Uaioa States nuliAed By their lsgisa
ton the acts Of Congress passed In pursuancs cf tn
provision in the Constitution for The rendition 0
'iuEitives from labor" PenuEylvania thus repeated
II 1871, act placed upon her book IN ITsC
And when territorial governments for Oregon was q
be provided the proposition to exteEdths Missouri lin
Of 80 aegreas 30 minutes to toe Pacific rsects
. by Congress. and the Wilmot Proviso, prohibi.ln
slavery in Oregon. adopted. California was also sd
iied as State without passing through territoris
z condition and Hiih anti slavery eOngti utOn
: The effect WAS TO make discrimination bstweea cit
zens Of eoeq1al Staes which the Constitution did
Z eontemplste simultaneously there appeared in Nsg
England certain new social aud political rheorsg in e
3 lstIon to slavery.
That these theories of foreign orEn HitIe dOub
can be entertained. The unexpected sueeess Of GU
4 political institutions, the growing greatness Of on
4 American Republic, Of our commerce, ard all our il
/. duairlsi pursuits, had begun to sffse Engiand wi
fears for the pefmsnepee Of her own superiority,
for the duration Of her political system The EuS
cess Of 50 economical Government and so favor
bic TO ths rights Of man seemed 20 be standing
+ prosch to the more expensive exclusive and uneQui
q | establishments Of EuropeEn 5sogtism. In sdduo
to tbese motives, Eogsnd had also further one: "
! were her rsbellious ofspTipg To see our rspubH
failure and the fecegstive system divided so tbl
ono section eoud be fought against the other was Il
am bOth-of her pride and power u Was therefor,
that ths vigisnt eyes Of Of hez political lea5el
discovered the opportunity afforded by our dome
tic differences for the introduction Rna fomsntatio
Of strife. Alb liion ensszTeE quickly found their ws
to Boston There their ncendsTy doctrines soon foun
ecDgenis soil, sThe seed "Ie upon good ground On
: Increased hundred fold - citation Of tae SLAYER
question, in every form and upon every occasion Ia
snce that time, been pe5seyarngy msntsined IN u
1 Northern States. and especially New England
4 conversation, IN lectures by ths press in tho pulpit
The halls Of egis alton, aud pom the stump 81 vii,
! tended only 80 one disastrous rasult
al