New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1864-03-11

lof a steamengnc the heat In the steam must DO ab-
,orhed or extracted. This Is done by bringing IL IN
contact with sufficient quantity OF cold water or cola
metallic surfaces In the jet condenser the Steam 10
mixed with the condensing water. which aoeorpo tuo
heat contained therein and from which the poueis uc
supplied. II salt water is used TO condense the s'ea'
the boilers supplied with the same, :,
. In the surface condenser the condenelng WUWi IL
made TO PASS or Cow through thin metal times Dy
sr oil pnrn or other device under pressure Of 10 ID
per square nch which takes less than one poF cent VI
the power Of the engine 70 operate. a.,
Tie steam not mixed with the sen Watcr as IN tne
other case bat Is admitted the outer surfaces VI these
thin metal tubes which absorb the Leaf ana condense
II into pure fresh Water This Waler Is 'aAen 'Ic
feed pump at cacn stroke OF inc ehgc aua 49,. So
he boilers and being the exact quantity taken rom
them In seau Is lie exact quantity necessary to Keep
then supplied and which iAsures greater SAFETY tnun
when the supply Of water depends upon tHv
danger OF NEGLECT Of WaLerlehue4' SeIIouS oeouS
having occurred from such neglect
| The quantity Of water necessary TO condense aceI'
i, rsrtitv II steam varies rs the temperature thereof
tbe colder The water tho less quantity ID necessary
being from 10 to IS times that contained In the steam
Ordinary water contains certain Quantity Ssad 20
be five per cent OF atmospheric air. Win the JOY con
idsDser this Is admitted with the water 10 cUnue ING
steam but being permanently elastic Is not cOhdehsel
bat expands mi a large volume in the vacuum space
and impeirs the vaonl All ths mas 20 10
by the sirpu1p against the pressure OF TAG aosPHoi0
| OF some ia 70 IS lbs. per square ilcb.
In warm climates large qlantitles OF water arc neces
owing high temperature, ana
LARGO Quantity Of Dir enters with it, and requires large
ar-puup 20 discharge it. TO relieve the engine Of tis
enormous load IL is found 70 be OF adTant ge 70 use -
inecon watc TO condense the stcan and consequently
get less yacuum the loss Of power nom TINS cause Delhs
less than when the oir-pump Is 0yetioadeu
This air and water Is not admitted into the vacuum space
OF surface condcnseI only the water Contained IN tS
steam eing only from l5th 10 li5th part that required
aboye) 10 be discharged by the air pump consequent
Is a very noh smaller one Is sudiciln, 70 OBTAIN W
good and generals better vacuum mere Is heoI
a. "a d., tfeg
is more instantaneous, ana tho maximum vacuum Is
sooner formed az the end OF each stroke of the engine
The power work the Dir pump independent OF me
friot on varies the quantity OF water discharged py
IT, In middle ATTITUDES, with moderate Temperature
OF the water used 10 cOndenSe tao steam TIE power re-
quired % operate the air pump is allowed 10 % leL t
cent Of the power OF the engine when adehcd 10 e'
Thus IL will be seen how much less power is ncccssa-
~ 70 operate tie air pump hen connected wan su5
Ece than with ict condenser one'ha A. s"'eu'
Il is per cent OF the entire power OF tho engine.
Estimate Of the value Of tho gain referred TO-
let As before stated less power necessary 10 =.
"a. m. heat iost IN the hot water blown out
70 keep she boilers even partially cleAa'.'.'' IL
81. The beat l0s; by inc4u'iatior ON the are .
turfaces IN some cEses more than ~ per cent ~
Observation-Disclosures. "a per ct
On Angler pressure o. steam lisy be used
and greater benefit obtained BY expansion
Where the Losses named are prevented or saved, less
coal and boilers Qnd less wster n thcm VIII exert ne
same power requiring fewer trcinen aud coal IlHeIs,
thereby saving IA the dDy expenses o. IAt fesse ioI
Vessels lifted with two engines have two air pumps.
When O surface condenser is attached one Is sufficient
airpUup the other 10 make tie water low through
the tubes This pump before stated. works against
pressure Of but ~ n per square Inch, instead OF
against pressure Of 70 or II y per square inol Whtn
used With let condenser The other pGmp, although
used "a on pump has ess than one ourh part OF the
ahor II would have Il used with Yet condenser having
only 70 discharge the water contained in The steam
Uy this arrangement there Is no extra cost Tor pumps
bu only To- le tubes and tube sheets for the condenser
propeY end as less boiler will exert tie same power
The saving in cost VIII partly pay FOR the extra cost OF
| the condenser.
la ordinary business transactions 90 per cen. i con
sidcred fair profit but the owner " steamship using
sa water in the boer pays for and carries In hs YES
sci oneffth 20 per cent more boilers (a1d The al
dtional waite. contained theTein) than IL necessary.
He also paws for each day tie vessel Is steanIne or
90 per cent more coal than Is necessary TO exert tie
same power.
Ills extra coal not only ras;e1 bat II requires ad
dtOnal remen and coal trimners to take II On board
and get lid Of IT, beside taking up the height room end
making the vessel draw moro water thur essenng her
There are boilers using frcsh water that have been in
constant operation from fifteen ~ tventy years requI
ing but little repairs during that time.
The difference between the eondenses constructed by
hun and those Of MI Hall is that in bis the water was
passed through the small tnbes; whereas IN Halls the
steam passed through tnoe' and the water vas
thrown around the outside OF the tubes This psu re.
qnired much greater nunDer OF t'IDes anu as lhey
%ors h ssd hs SS sss9 snS$s 81 sas
rubber rings which expand give way with the
motion OF the tube. TO prevent corrosion or gsTanc
action no used copper tubes covered with thin ooang
OF tin The steam being allowed TO escape into large
chamber as in the where the water Ia within the
tubes there is evidently oss BY back pressure for
want Of space. Another advantage OF this arrange
rnent ia that Water packing all Joints, which
Il lght by leaking endanger The vacuum. Mr.. Sewen
then Answered various inquiries made ty Bartlett,
Rowe Root and Others regarding structure ara erect
OF surface condenseT Mr. STBTsos asked for The pur
pose OF satisfying those who had read Ia some work OF
The action Of heat upon water alter tue air had all been
expelled from it. whether any difference between the
action OF aerated water and OF water deprived oi ar
while in the boiling process he'd been obserVed MI
SWELL replied that noticed In connection
with suTfac9 condensers IL was evident that better
vacuum could b. obtained when the water was deprived
Of air. 49,
Mr. GARvgY said there were three conditions 70 b
observed in the boiling Of water LIST he atmospheric
pressure. Cd The hIdrosatic pressure. 3D. The Wis
cdlty Of the liquid II the air is driven out ~ the
liquid It's particles In closer relation, and different
condition arises; hut al these differences have slight
effect on tho boiling point.
AS the time for adjournment had arrived before an
opportunity could DO given FOR the exhibition and exps
nation Of other kinds OF surface COndeIseTs the same
subject was selected for the next discussion.
m