Weekly national intelligencer., 1864-03-17
CENSUS FACTS.
From ii. N.Y York lournsl Of Commere.

From the NsD YORK Journal 0 S0snmtfcs
We have heretofore presented 10 our readers some
valuable facts derived from advance sheets of tho Census
Report Of 1860. soon to be issued The volume will
Hect the highest credit nMr J. C. G. KEsSEDY, the EN-
cent superintendent gentleman universally esteemed for
his ability public Office aud his private accomplishments
and character. All who disposed to recognise the
value Of such abors will find in ths volume material for
constant reference and will be grateful to the gentleman
who has made the arrangements and deduced such m-
porant and valuable Conclusions from the matter ooected
Ii is gratifying fact that the rebellion did not
the detention loss of any of the returns. We
have therefore full clear and most important statement
of the condition of country up to the very moment
when unhoy hands were raised against the Union. We
impressed by the result Of Mr. Kennedys abors with
the Importance of making the Census Bureau, with
agencies throughout the country permanant establish
ment, frm aud stable basis than heretofore
that instead of decennia returns may have annual col
ections Of information &c of statistical matter which
will always possess the highest value In regulating both
internal aud foreign commerce and immigration well as
in indicating great financial aud monetary facts.
In the present crowded state Of columns we have
not room for much that our readers would be glad
transferred from the pages Of the report We note few
facts, however, from which important lessons may be
derived. .v. sa iA 81 sst.
No State has declined in population This is great
fact But Vermont has just saved herself from being put
on the osrg sde having gained only onethrd Of per
cent. in decade. New Hampshire has increased only
two and half per cent All the slave States have gained
more rapidly than either of the New England States
South Carolina the sowest Of the slave States having in
creased 527 per cent all the other slave States bav
ing increased rapidly than South Carolina. Maine
has increased only TIA per cent Tennessee has gained
1858 per cent Virginia 10 20 per cent. New York has
increased 25 % per cent Illinois presents most strk
ing picture We quote
"Iinos presents the most wonderful example Of great
continuous and heahfu increase, ln 1880 Illinois CON
tanned l57445 Inhabitants; in lS4O 476ls3; in 1850
s51 47O in 1860 I'll 95 The gain during the last de-
cade was therefore, $50 4S l0I 06 per cent SO large
population than doubling itself in ten years by the
regular OF settlement and natural increase with
out parallel The condition to which Illinois has at
tanned under the progress of the last thirty years mon
ument of the blessings of industry enterprise peace and
free Institutions"
The following which we take from the introductory
chapter is valuable and interesting condensation Of
great facts:
Looking cursory the returns it appears that the
fifteen saveholdng States contain 900 nhabitants
of whom S039 900 whites, 25l 900 free colored per-
sons and 39o0000 are slaves The actual gain of the
whole population in hose States from 1850 to 1860, was
2627 0O0 equal to 81 33 per cent The slaves advanced
in numbers 74993 or 23 A cent This does not IN
cude the slaves of the District of Columbia who decreased
5G2 in the of the ten BY law OF April To-
1862 slavery has been abolished in the District of Colum
ba the of slaves having been compensated out Of
the public treasury The nineteen free States and
Territories, together with the Federal District contained,
according 70 the eighth 19 203 OOS persons, OF
whom Is 93977l white 237 ,2s3 free coored and
725 civilized Indians. The increase of both classes
$3.50 l0l 4I.24 per cent No more satisfactory
indication of the advancing prosperity OF the country could
be desired than this general and remarkable progress 10
population. North and South find instances of unpre
cedented gains in the OF Illinois, just advered to-
In the Southwest the great State of Missouri has
by the number of 500 900 inhabitants, which within
Qf ia tn sta
the marked dsproporton between the rate of gain in the
North and South respectively naufesty to extent
caused by the larger number of immigrants who settle in
the former section on account of congenaity of clmae
the variety Of occupation the dignity wherewh respect
able employment is invested, and the freedom OF labor
We notice very striking fact in relation the
Of coored popuaton aud the contrast between that
crease among slaves and among free blacks. 1t appears
plainly that freedom is not favorable the development Of
the This may be owing to another cause.
We do not stop to inquire what it is
In the interval from 1850 to 1860 The otsl Free
coored population Of the United States increased from
43i 449 to 45 0 at the rate Of 10 80 per cent 10 ten
ysrs showing annual increase Of above per cent
This result includes the number of slaves liberated AMI
those who have escaped from their together with
the natural increase In the decade the slave popu
aton emitting those Of the Indian tribes west of Akan
increased % SO per cent and the white population
81 81 per cent which rates exceed that of the free
coored by two told and three fold respectively Inver ely
tbese comparisons imply excessive mortality among
the freecoored which particularly evident in the large
cities. Thus, in Boston during the FIVE years ending with
1859 the city registrar Observes The number of coored
births less than the number Of marriages. and thu
as exceeded the births in the proportion Of ary two
10 one" In Providence, where very correct registry
has been in operation under the superintendence Of Dr.
Snow, the deaths in twenty four Of the coored
and 10 Phadephla, during the last months Of the
year. the cy registration gives las births
306 deaths among the Tree c0ored. Taking town and
country together however the results favorat
In the State regsries Of Rhode leland and Connecticut
nf haa haan tHpdt
yearly deaths of the blacks and mulates have generally
though not uniformly exceeded the yearly bths high
rate of mortality, chiefly ascribed to consumption, and
other diseases Of the respiratory system
Ia immediate connection with this subject present a
table from which an important deduction Ia made
CENSUS OF SLAVES AND FREE CoIoRFD