East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1864-06-15

The Hon. Mr. Ward's speech IN
Congress upon abrogating the Recip-
rocity Treaty between Canada and
the United States, affords a compre-
hensive view Of the subject and pre-
sents all its points in manner which
evinces q perfect knowledge, and care
full consideration of the whole matter.
He said that among the many sub
jects requiring attention, none, except
those Immediately relating to the de-
plorab events transpiring in our own
country, 50 justly occupy our time as
our relations to the young and rising
nations ON the North. Already they
contain q population more numerous
than all the free inhabitants of the
United States in 1890, several years
after the Revolutionary war had ter
minated in peace. Their country is
capable Of maintaining in affiuence a
population much larger than ours new
Is. Our commerce with the single
province Of Canada alone has, for the
last Eve years, been larger than with
any other country, excepting England,
France and Cuba. Can there be any
doubt that il il more reasonable to at
tempt by negotiation, the removal of
any Objectionable features which may
have arisen, than TO disturb the in
dustry and investments Of the large
portion of our citizens now directly or
indirectly engaged in this trade ? The
immediate origin of the treaty was in
disputes as to the fisheries ON the Pro-
vincial coasts. By . convention in
1915 W. had made unwise concess-
ions and frequent disputes arose. A
large number Of armed vessels was
sent by Great Britain to the Colonial
stations. An excited state of public
feeling prevailed. Mr.. Webster gave
official information that an American
fishing vessel had already been taken
by the British naval force on the Pro-
vincial coast. Its crew were carried
as prisoners into British port An
expedition from other American ves-
sells had hastily been armed and or
ganized, and had forcibly rstGkcn the
vessel. 1t was deemed pru-
dent by the statesmen Of both conn.,
tries to arrest the progress Of events
which might almost ut any time, have
prccilitated the two countries into
war, and if possible, to prevent their
recurrence in the future.
1t is often supposed that the balance
Of trade was against us with these
Colonies, but since the date of the
treaty we have sold more to them by
$26, ,445, 5,692 than we have bought
from them.
Upon the plainest principles Of COM
merce. the individual transactions
the vast aggregate OF this
trade since 1855, AMI amounting to
more than fifty millions of dollars in
1868 alone, must year after year have
been sufficiently profitable to remun-
crate those who produced the sub
stautial materials Of the exchanges
and those who were engaged in the
traffic, who, in their turn, could not
have continued their business if they
had not found in the people at large,
customers or cnosuners who were
benefited by the purchases they made.
Geneml dissatisfaction exists along
the whole Of our northern frontier
near Canada, and tho moral and po-
litical effects which it was hoped would
result from the treaty have been de-
strnyed, the effects Of the Canadian
tariffs enacted SINCE 1855 having been
to decrease very materially the large
amount OF manufactures and goods o
foreign origin sold by the people of
this country to those Of the provinces.
This alone constitutes sufficient rea-
son for revision of our mutual COM
n,ercial relations, so that our manu-
factwers may not only receive from
the regions ON the North Of us u con-
siderable portion OF their necessary
supplies of timber, b. eadstuifs, and
ANIMAL food, but may also ENJOY less
restricted, and, If practicable, an en-
tirely free market tor the products of
their labor. Under the operation of
laws the trade Of Canada, in
many important articles, will How to
and through the Atlantic cities, such
as New York and Boston. Under
the present system Of Canadian legis-
lation our exports Ut foreign goo,is to
Canada have decreased from $5,5OI,-
l25 in 1879 to $l,v6U,397 in 1862,
and sl,44S,li3 IN 1853. They ut
tanned yet higher value previous to
lovJ, when they amounted to 81, 769,-
5eU, but for purpos : Of fair conlpari-
son he avoided the years VI great sx-
pend.ture aud undue speculation. In
ihOj this portion of our trade was
only one-i.ali of the average it reach
oil IN each of the i've years prscseding
the treaty; was less by 70 per ocnt.
than IN io4O; since which time our
total exports of all kinds ~ Canada
have increased five fold or from
81, 234,724 to Sly,e9s,7ls. In the
same manner the exports Of American
have decreased from
u, 100, o 40 in lo5o-'5Y T.. si,5iO,-
s02 in IS62-'63. With regard to
many articles, wheat and flour Tor III
stance, the question is. one rather Ut
commerce. snd carrying than revenue
or consumption. We buy more Ut
them from Canada than We sell to it,
but resell, not only to various coun-
tries but " the other Provinces whose
purchases from VS. are 80 extensive
that OF wheat and flour, our exports
to these PiVv.nces---as u wlivle-ex-
csedei our imports frOm them by
s6, lo4, 2z4 from 1906 to is6i. Coal
is a conspicuous instance of the ad-
vantages incident to both countries
from free intercourse. The sales aud
purchases are nearly equal ON both
sidss, but each country Is thus sup
Mi a from uines nearer home and ti,e