New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1864-03-05

by Mr.. King Of Geo rgia In his speech on The Murine
Packet Service in Jun. y ie4o;
The establishment OF the Collins line destroyed this
monopoly aud il has never been rcgained.
Lord Stanley in his reps rt Of 1862 remarks that tie
dmertcdH mails in thsiT or ffha'g entail keaSy
toss' And examination Of the reports OF the Par
wls IN the service with the American continents,
on that to North America, and a2l5SOO TO tbs
Southern American countries Yet IL is not proposed ~
wlthdraW but rather ~ increase the lines and extend
their service.
Ezperiepce has shown that ocean mail lines cannos
be maintained at all without Government subsidies and
coast lines only under the most favorable ciroum-
Stances that s where the population and CONSEQUENT
travel is large coal easily obtained and freight regular
/ and certain.
Nor can it be answered that the existence q. the
present Of numerous and successful lines upon the At
sides, Is evidence against the truth Of this
'n0n 1t must not be forgotten shat the times are ouA
0i On that Rebel cruisers fitted cat in British pofta
Win the last Improvements In machinery and arma-
msnt strong 20 nssai the weak and deicnsslcss and
a. OF loot when pursued by men Of war have driven
Aus lean commerce from the seas and thrown into the
. n' VI e Lorro.ghsr largs part OF cur carving
TO the fareign steam lines
IL safer to draw all comparisons 10 the Summer OF
1900 when though the cloud hung lowering ever the po-
tcal HORIZON commerce had not yet taken In It's sail or
altered It's courses. ..4"t
During tie time Of the existence Of the competition
between the British and American lines while the for
eign companies al, thriving those Of this country
gradually becoming embarrassed; this owing
mainly To the higher rate Oh compensation paid by the
| British Government for their mail service. Thus il
was estimated by Mr. Raney that In 1853 the ocean
mail steamers of Great Britain $50 3 miles at Q
total the Admiralty of ,062 797. IS 3 5
he ocean neil steamers Of the United States ran 5 an
miles per year, at total charge on the PostOtice Do
porment of 81 3!g 733 The British steamers three
and half times many miles as tho American and
received sum more than four times as largo.
series OF tables printed by MIR. Ralney IN his work
the Ocean Post show that while the British Govern
ment paying 10 four Of her principal ocean lines an
zoo nf nor ftpypruInelo
paying 10 five Of an average OF 81 81. only, or
aboGt tvotbirds az much 40 the former. The tables
were made mp for 1881.
The British subsidies have been gradually Increasing
from the year 1850 and additions made new services
were required from the lines, growing out VI tho IN
creased commerce which followed their establishments
and in times Of commercial distress us well Us IN pros
perty. the same sustaining and unfaerng protection
has always been afforded By the sadoous and Tar seoDG
policy Of tho British Government.
AS instance Of the careful manner in which tbs
Goyornment OF Great Britain has nursed and fostered
her lines sketch is given of the history OF the
Royal Mall steam Packet Company
The original contract for the West India service was
made IN lci0 and for ten years HOm January lSfa
at q subsidy Of G2f00O0 per annun. The service was
bmonthly and the speed about eight knots an hour.
The original rate Der mile was about 7shngs sterling
but representations that the service could not Do per-
formed the rate was raised TO 2s. Sd. per mile In
lei9 the contract extended for another period Of
ten years. At that time the company undertook the
Brazilian addition TO the West India service. receiving
therefor additional subsidy II 10000 per annum-
This Is monthly service. The rate OF speed IN
nine Knots per hour and in 1852 10 ten knos.
In the year 1855 two additional years were added 70 the
contract condition Of an increased speed on the
Brazil route upon which the company had put It's old
bouts increase in the Size OF the West India steamers
and branch service from Rio de Janeiro 10 the River
Plate.
Tie time on the Rio service was reduced from 81 to
81 days and to the Ltbmus Of Panama from 80 to A
days.
in the early service Of this line soppages made
NJ Tenerfe and Madeira considerable advantage 70
the company but on account OF complaints Of delay
was dropped from the service.
IN the evidence before the Select Committee, in 1894
reply inquiries Of Nh. Lang the Secretary OF the
company stated tfat the commercial traiho on the
Royal Mail Line not such as 10 enable any indie
YenDent line Of steamers TO exist. The books Of tbs
company had been repeatedly examiDed the expense OF
stcamng was shown 70 be 50 great that unless win
sub sdy that lire the traffic certainly not enough
to pay: yet there had never been any competing lne.
What heeR the Jesuit of this careful management
The British lines have 80 mouopozed tie service oI thu
Central and south American countries that letters 100
Mexico sent to Consul at Havana, by him,
through the English Consul az the same port placed on
board knglsh steamer for Vera Cruz Ga town held
by the French where cal mails opened and WHICH
IS borrower shut out from 81 communication with the
INTERIOR nj enormous rate OF postage procedure
no means gratif ing 10 national PRIDE consonant 70
national interest OF calculated to increase our influence
with our neighbours
GROWTH OF THE BRITISH STEAM MARINE.
Tho BRITISH statistical tables Of trade and navigation
show steady increase In the number Of vessela
and rising ratio in comparison to selling vessels.
In 1854 Of 80 }45 vessels measuring s. lis 846 tuns
registered as belonging 10 the United Kingdom and
British Possessions 70s steam. Turning 326 -
tuns.
In 1851 Of "a see vessels measuring $685. 369 TINS
:, 473 were steam. Turning sol, G23 tuns.
Thus in years the total gain in tunn9ge OF both
sailing and steam was 1898 tuns, OF whcn nearly
onethird 234 ST. Of steam vessels. The same rate
VI increase maintained for few years VIII change ths
character OF British vessels, aud give predominancs
to steam over sailing vessels.
\ compnlison of The number Of vessels, sailing and
steafn exclusive of river steamers, engaged in the
end foreign trade Ia the years 1853 aud le6 pre-
the results The year 1883 is taken from ting
fact that the present system OF Keeping TIE accounts
trade and navigation only dates nom that period.
In the year 1855 Of ls 200 vessels sailing and steam,
tuning s. 3UU69 tuns. 6Js were steam, tuning 2leoa
tuns.
In the year fs6l Of 20 2s5 vessels Turning 1850 so
tuns, 997 were steam Turning AL, lsl tuns.
The rate nj which this gradual increase in the proper.
onIe number OF steam vessels has progressed may bs
also seen by comparison OF the number OF sailing and
steam vessels built and registered IN the United King
don from 1853 to ls6l II viii be SEEN that OF 19e yes-
sells built IN 1883 and Tuning SJ3, III tuIs Lax Turning
A. 5 tuns less than oneqparler Of the Increased tun
mage were steam. In 1901 out OF go vessels tun-
Mug 200 S3y 0 steamers Turning Oe6s tuna
more than oDe-t third Of the increased tnnnage.
How fully Great Britain controls her own steam car
ryng trade and how largely has developed and in
creased IT, shown By the following tables The mose
striking points are that in 1883 the numter and unnags
OF steam vessels Of the several natonahes entered at the
various ports OF the United Kingdom were 450o steam
vessels OF 5656 Iuns; OF these, 39c4 were English
Turning TO 80 tuns and 80 American, 4o,bIO tuna
In eol, Jg0 steam vessels were entered TURNING 2eOl
7l3 tuns of which Js9 Brush, 23'o,o0o tuns ana
American. 7,775 tuns
In ,53 the United States fourth on the LIST IN
1861 fifteenth. Norway being then represented by IL
vessels; Denmark by 81 Hamburg by 1906 Bremen by
49, and Lubbock by l.
NUMBER AND TUESAGE OF STEAM VESSELS OF EACH
NATION ENTERED AND CLEARED AT POETS OF rHs
UNITED KINGDoA IN 1853.
vessel. Tun. Vessels Tun.