, 1864-11-10

New York. Ncv. 5.-For Uauy years the
people Of New Mexico have been at war
with tie Apache and Navajo Indians, tribes
occupying the western and northern pos:
tlopa Of the Terrlto1y- These Indians, par
daticns on the t1ocks AID herds Of the afexi-
care, who have bsen obliged to reta1iate by
chasing them to their homes, and fighting
them whenever opportunity offered. For
nearly tIo hupdred years this warfare h.s
continued, with occasional intervals Of peace
Durii e the last three OF four years, ho wever,
1t bas been more violent than ever before.
From af1luence, many Of the Mexicans have
been reduced to comparative poverty. Taeir
property c rsisted pri: cipaliy Of sheep,
horsss and mulee. Or the former. it was
estimated three yfarB since thstthe Territory
contain ed over three millions. At the pres
ent time, the highest estimate IL one million
tbele ave but few left, not enough even fo7
farming and ether necessary emplo7ments.
When Gen. Carleton assumed command Of
the Department Of New Mexico and Arizona,
be resolved to e1terminate or capture this
Indians aud restore peace to the country. He
.mard of Colonel Kit Carson, the famous
guide a1 trapper, and dispatched it against
the Navajos. Colonel Carson fought the In
diarB IN teir own way, and succeeded, By
prc mpt and v}gorcu US action against the in
fmical red men and by the destruction of
OF the tllbe. These lhutan8 hsd large hocRs
OF sbeep ard droves Of horses; and cultivat-
ing the soil, they had f1re crops to reward
thtir lsbor and suEtafa their rude c0mmf5sa-
rist.
with view to removing the cow enb1u-
deprReatioDe, and to keep them from temp
t.tlop, Gen. Carleton establishsd new miji-
ta,y pot On the Rio Pecos, IN latitude 81
deg. NORTH, and 125 Mills from any settle
II eLt, on reservation Of 100, GOO acres. The
pest received the name Of Fort Sumnsr. Dur
1re tbs past spring and summer the Navajos
we're removed to Fort Sumner, and in July
about COCO had been collected, there, while
trom COO to 5000 more were soon to Join
thtm.- THEY have planted, under the super
vision Of Capt. ". ?. Galloway, Of the lat
Ca1ifo1nia infattry. 5000 acres Of corn and
vegetables, dug their acequias {trf1ga'iog
cana,sl,- one Of which is stx mules long,
planted trees and buflt hu's, AID to all ap-
Ies1apces. are contented and happy. or
ccutEe they are still fnt1anE, with a.1 their
wild and savage nature; but with natural
aptitude for farming and rude manufacture,
it is expected That they will before long be
self sustaining, and even hare surplus crops
ZtDs
OF the reservation, u 600 acres aresuttable
for farming purposes. II contains also une
cottonwood grove named the Boeqne Re-
dondo (rouDd grove) and the renainder Is
good grszing land and will support large
herds. The Indians mahufacturo their own
blankets, sone of which are Of superior
quality, being waterproof and very durable.
These articles are raade by hand on an D.
right frame, and from three to five m ,nths'
labor en- single blankets required. They
also L anufactnre silver ornaments Of very
c1rditahle style Of workmanship TIE set
II meat IL noW under the supervision Of Col.
Csrsop, who possesses all the qualif1c atoms
necessary for such duty, besides the expe-
Hence Of over thirty yeafe' intercourse with
Territory, and the location delightful. It
w.s commenced in December OF lsst year,
ard b. this time Is doubtless completed.
During the present season Gen. Carleton
has been pnnishipg the Apaches, and up to
1sst acconrts, with grsat success. He pro-
Ecefs to 6eal with them in the same manner
as with the Nava5os; bnt as they era more
warllEe and less. disposed to labor, it Is
probable that More forcible measurtg may
be required In their cage. Tbs SUCCESS with
the NaVa5os, however. encourages the hope
that at no far distant time all the Iadians Of
be placed on reservations under military su-
pe1Vlsiop, and be compelled to work
Tor thelr support or starve. The
recent deprcdutions on the plLns
should admonish our authorities that
prompt and decia1ye action Ia necessary In
order that tie "commsrte Of the prairies," :"
now rapidly Increasing, may be conducted
With safety to Life and property; General
Of New Mexico, ana Of the country at large,
for what be has accomplished in the "Na-
WHO csmpaign," and should be be as success
fui in the .Apache campaign" the whole
Ct the Territory OF Arizena, with its Yast
mines Of silver, gold and copper, will he
opened to the eEtel lprising and adventurous
miners Of California aud Colorado, aad to
capita1lata Of the Est.