The New York herald., 1864-12-06
IxeAYoH o. fHs uWr1Wp srArRs. !

national questions which his attention been called
judges thst competens for him. as an act Of Justice
tions = 80 whether the people who rebsed against
eovsrnmept Of the United states are actually beigeren
Power ~ PCT band q rcbeous traitors as.iDa: .bs
always formed part, and from which. for purposes oi
os peace, they were mover separated. The facts
const,tuts "a beilisersus Power against the
United Satee are here considered. The war now waging
between the OF she United States on the one
pastaid the Southern people on the Other commenced
the 18th OF April. 1861, and was known in England
about the 1st Of May in the same year Six days after
wards Lord John Russell Secretary OF State for Foreign
ARars declared In the House Commons that probably
the English would recognize those rebels
bolligerens Power ana hitasn days alter the Euslsn
OUT IN our countrya misfortune TO which all nations
snbect and from which neither England nor Brazil
exempt-the Queen Of England, by proclamation
cogn2ed those in rebellion agsnst the government at
Wa hington beRerent Power, and as possessing In
her ports all tho rights ana PRIVILEGES Of begerents
thus considering them In every respect equal to those
against whom they rebclled BRIEF England degraded
the COVE Of the United States TO tha level Of those
elevated the rebels position OF equality with power
iui natl n ith which she had proesged disposition to
entertain the most friendly relations, both commercial
This act Of the British government was as much eous
bella would bave been the recognition OF the indepen
depce and sovereignty Of the socaed Confederate States
II would nnquestionably have been considered IL
France aud other Euopean Powers mad not Immediately
sus aimed the great injustice Of England which raz
also s soon ns possible gave ssr cton and approval
The Undersigned does not undertake to say that, by
adopng such course, Brazil was actuated oy any hos
tile 10 neie hborng and always freDdy Power
and hch has always recognized the Obligations
istng between hersel and the States Of this continent 10
aiu recipr0C1lly the American system OF politics
dist from that Of Europe. J. is quite probable that
she proceeded, because II Is the custom Of Brazil
follow policy IN accordance with that recognized by the
European Powers Nevertheless cannot but regard tha
act "a preciptate badly inspirod and manifest inus
tice to neishboring and friendly Poms Let your Fx
cefency ask yourself Whist would have been the
sentiments OF Braz II, after learning Of distur urbances
and rcbellioD in the interior OF the brazilian empire,
into ths nature Of the rebellion and snorau. alike Of It's
causs ~ justsncxtiou-n any such existcd-should
S: n e hus
rchcle ~ equal " that q the imperial govern
sssess: .Df saa .ssn .ssrcs.
w!sEsas sos least doubt r procssains s voula h.v.
been oosstdsrsA fragrant psrpetraied by the
ana - sooS % DSt s.s"n
have 80 considered Il: but she did net judge cxps.
dent 70 declare var agaips, tho United States the
perpetrasion OF this outrage she would still have the
right TO emonstrats against u unfrendy and u-
Just 70 which sho submitted only because she was
This precisely what tho United S,atos was obliesd 20
douotbeing sbie TO decsars against the whole world
and at he Same time roprsss gigantic rebellion II she
bad thu acted she would the have secured
10 the rbes the triumph OF the rebellion, and on the
other, Involved the dismemberment Of gre.t American
Power. rhoss existence 10 so important for the velop-
ent or constitutional representative government and
necessary 10 protect the States of the American cnti
european intervention.
that ihntenten Of Great Britain the
rebels begerents-lf we consider their principal iour-
mails andths speeches OF their PRINCIPAL both 10 and
out OF hrament interpreters or her views-was A to
Achieveoy Indirect what che could NOT attain bv
mcthodmore direct. England has much right to de.
clare government was obterated and the pinu
dissolve by acknowledging the sovereignty and pde
pendene OF our rebels within two weeks after having
heard othe rebellion az she had 70 conce1e them the
rights bolligerents But she lacked tho courage 10
make lie declaration IN the face OF Europe aad 10
meet !e jnst indignation which would have fallen
upon r. instead Oi this, she struck us q blow
which she well knew might Justly bs made .
cause war, but which sho also know we
we're .c.. ~ post position % resent. and the
we'll beve-as rebels certainly would be the
dismeusrment OF the great American republic. Great
Brtaiucng the first commercial and maritime Power
OF the prld the other nations OF Europe, followed sy
Brazil this continent, very naturally led to adop,
nor pIhmalioa without perceiving It's tendency to
ouy etmercia rival and also without the least nten.
os ouner part TO do an Injustice TO the United Sta,es
10 st the rebels 10 protract even possibv 10
copsn1laie the triumph or the rebellion.
suckas, hossver. the eject OF unjust policy 10.
augurtd BY Great Britain. IL adopted without ro.
necticby all the Towers OF Europe friends Of the United
Siatesnd also on the American continent by her ste.d
fsst ind Brazil u was noi only an unjust proceeding
Of those Powers but II IL had even been the
act oisnge country II would still have given stinu.
lus toe rebellion II The other nations had en,erianed
for use Toast part OF the kindness and toler that
ha always had for others and IL they hnd shoyn |
tho De respect for international rights whieh they
have pla yed toward rebellion and civil war the re-
belio IN the absence OF foreign iuterv ention. l
wouidave been suppressed more than two years ago
with . sn vi portion Of The sacrifice which We havo
been aed 10 make, aud there would have leon no oc.
casopr ,he undersigned 10 express his proonpd regret
for thnsorinnste Occurrences which provoked
Of yd Fxcelency and compos The present reply The
goyeneDt Vt tho United sta es, by the ion OF
the ubrsignd, protesie aga met the right OF Grail TO
asso'dse fr rebels a. heliser.nts, ard to con
lhe 81 aosprDment directed similar protests 10 all the
govefsuisih were induced 10 follow the example OF
Fngl 10 heir ignorance OF the tendency cf such an
d
and der frrndly Powers
Iheovsnmen, Of the Uuited statss par,icu,ay,y in.
ssruch q undarsgned 10 make msuieet to Brazil its
coDiitcs nd friendship lhese seutmpnts aud their |
orisu ID ihsimilary of thor respective Constitutions
the fers ispositcn their respective peoples and the
poitN oGations on tue part OF e.ch a. nsighbors, |
they cIusne tvo principal Powers on the American
Apitaie,y such sentiments for Brazil, tho govern.
ment nlted States viii ee regret at learulng that
compan1 IN the navy, without any Instructions or
autnorty tcver, took upon himse the responsibility |
20 csnufoe OF ths piratcal cruisers OF our rebeis
while she's anchored in tho port o. Blbia; aud tho
undcrs sneeyes himself 10 be authorized TO assure
yorr Excecy that all Tho reparaon hlch honor and
Justice ayTtl DO very freely ofrred aud much moro
yrsely an5mpsly than tho act hsi been comn,j,,eS
by AnAn cruiser IN ths waters Of the most power
fu naticnhe world. But, while making this repara- /
tioo the gnmcnt Of the United states viii ofYer, With
out doubt amewds honorable under protest. sac will
say BI that she GagiAs tr cto any nation or ma
tons ss rs reociion DeAks on. 10 the domnions or
any frten,owcr. and without any examination or iu,
vestgst.haiever, and without knoN ing or pretsnd.
ing kche mers of tbs contest right 10 declare
that ,teoes Constitute . bclligerest power,
and byns OF PROCLAMATION open TO them ali |
the poruns world on terms eiusl TO ihose ncedet
70 the ton pRainst which they rebel. sne :
viii nisn mat, tnssmucn ss the nstio,auy OF the u
rebels vot recognised they cannot coihe shiys
With thaona,y necessary 10 give them tue
menar AZ tn.r vessels, consequently, arc
neiipere nor lsss than p1aHs. She ~hI PROCLAIM Ct
~ hero. that kbip constructed ia EngIish yorss r
ard BY sh meciaIics, and with Es fLnis. armed e
and eg'a oy Lns'ish,uen, with Al Eng sh cres 10 q
nnvgah nsht' Nbnn goes out OF fnslssh nort with
the hosh " Win Tho scoved purpose or destroyng &
the corcs of friendly PoMcf--rcri.sps Aer com. y
mercis political rivsi apd aAich tDcap. o.
'ws~ fcs'roy thc oiirircFc Uf usfs.c d y row6r