davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27
TOW NSHGP OFFICERS.

TOWNSHIP No. L.
Road CommlSsioner--Danel Coleman.
Constables--E D. Bickford and Jas. Rice.
Jnstices-D. Allen, H. V. Dudley.
Collector-G. L. Grilley.
Assessor-J. D. Pratt
TOWNSHIP No. 2.
Road Commissioner--H. Faho
Constables-D. Flicker and r. p. Allingham.
Justices-James Moore. w. Hider
Collector-D. B. Choate.
AsScssor--J. D. Barmore.
TOWNSHIP No 3.
Road Commissoner-Joh Leach
onstables-James Mahon and John Sears,
Justices-S B. Woodn. Samuel Morris.
Collector John Conner.
Assessor-S. NJ Stevens
TOWNSHIP No. 4.
Road Commssoncr-Ge E. Mcrwin.
Constables--J W. Greedy and Jacob Keck.
Justices-Jonathan Brown, W. G. Brown.
Collector--Charlcs NJ. Kopp.
Assessor--W.A A. Hines.
Township No. S.
Road Commissioner j. c. Scott.
Constables-E, I. Hoyt, S. c. Smith.
Justices-R. Winspear, S. M. Jamson.
Collector. /, Sanborn.
Asscssor-Th Thomas Dodd
TOWNSHIP No. 6.
Road Commissioned Lloyd
Constables John NOEL, II. A. Mcdonald.
Justces-C. Swenson, f. B. Burt.
Collector-James D. Mccormick
Assessor-W X. Diltz.
TOWNSHIP No. 7.
Road Commissoner--B. Jeferds.
Constables-M. Taylor and J. B. Carder.
Justices-W. Van Vactor, o. II. Young.
Collector-John r. Brown.
Assessor-V. f. Field.
TOWNSHIP No s.
Road Commissioner L. T. Darling.
Constables-G. p. Ward, d. Penman.
Justices-S. R. Case, Jack Hyland.
Collector. B. Cornett.
Assessor-J. NJ. Bardwell,
TOWNSHIP No. 8.
Road Commissioners--Joh ohm Hanson.
Constablcs--John S. Agan and G. Rawles.
Justices-M A. Burke, l.. G. Browne
olIector-Dana Perkins.
AssessOr-C. W. Humphreys.
TOWNSHIP No. 10.
Road Commissioner Edward Garrahan.
Constables--J. T. Burge and Geo. Small.
Justices-James Beck, II. W. Starr,
Coll cctor--John Barnes.
Asscssor-John Bristow,
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27

Eureka Lodge, No. IL. Auburn. stated meetings
Monday next preceding full moon.
Gold Hill Lodge. No. 50, Lincoln, stated meet
ngs. Saturday OF or next preceding full MOON
Michigan City Lodge, No. A, Michigan Bluffs
stated meetings, Saturday of or next preceding
full moon
Illiuoistown Lodge. No. 81 Illinoistown. stated
meetings Saturday of or next preceding full moon
Rising Star Lodge, No IS, Iodd's Valley, sta
ted meetings, Saturday of or next preceding.iul
moon.
Clay Lodge. No. 10l. Dutch Flat stated meet
ings. saturday of or next preceding tull moon,
Ionic Lodge. No. III, Iowa Hill, stated meet
ings, Wednesday OF or neX preceding full moon
CHAPTERS.
Liblnus Chap,er, No. II, Iowa Hill. stated
meetings Thursday of or next preceding full moon
Oliver On otter. No. %. Todd's Valley. stated
meetings. Wednesday of or next preceding full
moon.
Delta Chapter. No. 81, Auburn. stated meeting
Thursl1y OF or next preceding full moon, and
two weeks thereafter.
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27
ODD FELLOWS.

Auburn Lodge. Mo- I, Auburn, meets every
Saturday evening.
Mountain Lodge, No. II, Michigan Bluff, meet.
every Saturday evening.
Placer Lodge. No. IS, Iowa Hill, meets every
Saturday evening.
Washington Lodge No. 40, Yankee JIM meet,
every Thursday evening
Minerva Lodge No. 81, Todd's Valley, meets
every Saturday evening.
Olive Lodge. No. 81, Dutch Flat, meets every
Wednesday evening.
Valley Lodge. No l01, Lincoln, meets every
Thursday evening.
American Lodge, No los, Deadwood, meet
every Saturday evening.
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27

The latest prodigy among the Paris savans
is hen which aslounded her owner by lay
ing not her accustomed egg, bnt membra-
nous pouch, enclosing a little dog, perfect y
formed but dead.
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27
Democratic County Central Committee.

10 Hamilton. Chairman: A. Huntley, Secretary
VIM. NJ. Crutcher Treasurer; j c. Ball, W. w
Price, VIM. A. Hines. Ed. Barrett, John K. Brown
VIM. NJ. Pulliam, G. c. Newman, IL. w. Starr
and Henry Cooling
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27

Why they are called Strawberries" is
thus explained. This ruddy and delicious
fruit, was picked a long time ago in England
by children, and strung unon straw or grass,
and so sold at the rate of so many strings for
a penny. Hence the name.
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27
REDUCTION
IN PRICES TO SUBSCRIBERS,

A TTENTION IS CALLED TO THE FOLLOW
n ing list OF American and Foreign Periodicals,
for which receive subscl iptons. Permanent ar
rlnaemente having ncen made by the U. States
Government for carrying OF The mails from the
Atlantic States by steamer three times month,
an enabled o receive subscriptions at a much
lower rate thsn ormeily. he same care and at
tentoa viii oe it to the forwarding. Of all pack
AGES for which mis- establishment has gained such
al gu, liable reputation throughout the Pacific
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27
EMcalllpIilents.

Auburn Encampment No. 20, Auburn. meets th
first aud third Tuesdays in every month.
Three Pillar Encampment, No. 10. Forest Hill
meets the second and fourth Tuesdays in ever
month.
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27

John I. Cannon, Chairman VIM. S. Deadman
Secretary; John Drew, Ed. Franks and Robert
Sins.
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27
District No 3---Central Committe

Col. VIM. Nc Clurc, Chairman; Il. 0. Cravens
Secretary; Ed. Barrett, John 4. Brown, and NJ
McBrike.
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27
District No. 2---Central Committee.

w. A. Hines, Chairman; VIM. M. Crutcher.
Secretary; Col. A. kipp, S. A. Miller and John
Sears.
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27

~ subscriptions received for all the San Fran
cisco DaiHes, at Publishers Prices.
Any Newspaper, Magazine or Review not men
toned IN the above list viii be furnished to order
Orders for Books. Music Fancy Al ticles, &C.. fill
ea promptly at the lowest market rates. Sub
scriptons payable invariably in advance.
Address, j. STRATMAN
News a gent San Francisco.
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27
THE DEMOCRATIC CREED.

AS LAID DOWN AND REITERATED IN SEVERAL. DEMO
CRATIC CONVENTIONS OF ALL THE STATES INCLun-
ING THE CINCINNATI CONVENTION OF. 1856
Rcsolped That the Democratic party will faith
fully abide by and uphold the principles laid down
in the Kentucky aud Virginia Resolutions of 1898.
and in the report OF Mr. Madison to the Virginia
Legislature in 1899; that it adopts those princi-
pies constituting one of the main foundations of
its political creed, and is resolved to carry them
out in their obvious meaning and import Gin
rim
The Placer herald. [volume] (Auburn, Placer County, Calif.) 1855-1991, 1864-08-27

TERMS OF COURT.
Below will be found correct table of the times
OF holding the several Courts in our county:
District Court. o.
Hon. Il. Il. MCFARLAND, Judge. Meets hrss
Monday in February, May and July, and second
Monday in November.
County Court.
Hon. HART FELLOWS, Judge. Meets first Moh-
day in March. June, September and December.
Probate Court.
Hon. HART FELLOWS, Judge. Meets first Mon
day in March, June, September and December.
Supervisors.
District No. l ............ James Il. Rogers
District No. 2 ............. Nv. Madden
District No. 3 ..... Michael Fannon
Es- The Board meets the first Monday in fep'
ruary. May, August and November.
The star of the north. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1849-1866, 1864-03-23
Qhoite poetrn.
EXEMPT.


Exempt from what? knapsack, gun,
blanket and uniform
Some weary marches in the sun,
And nights outdoors amid the storm.
That's all my boy, pray you wait
Before you laugh aud say "sll righlp'
Your papers have not waived your fate,
You have the battle vet TO fight
Exempt come have you brains, tongue
Within your breast living hear
Then stand whsfe you belong-amons
The men who fight on Freedoms part!
You need not search TO find foe
Behold he meets You in the street,
He follows you where'er you go.
He filings himself beneath your feet.
Stand TO your guns be brave aud calm
Beware the foe with whom yon deal
His mouth is full o. deadly harm,
His lies are worse than cutting steel.
Exempt there's no such thing my boy
You're not exempt while war endures;
Think you your pale face can destroy
Your country's right to rou aud yours7
Exempt no more oI that poor word
Or fill il with a better sense;
So shall your eoun,ry's voice be heard,
calling you TO her defence
The star of the north. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1849-1866, 1864-03-23
Address of the Democratic Senators.
To the Dsmoerats Of Pennsulpania:

To the Democrats Of Pennsylvania:
FELLow-CIrzESs-At this juncture in the
proceedings o the Sen ate oil Pennsylvania,
the undersigned deem il their right and
duty 10 address you.
For more than two months We have INIT
edly and deIerminsdIy wilhsiood an effort
on the part OF the Republican members Of
that body TO su5yer the organic law, to
ignore the precedents Of seventy years of
our history, and TO ltample under foot the
rights of their equals and peers. In so doing
we have been sctaaled by The high resolve,
that by no act OF the representatives oi the
only law-abiding political organization in
this Commonwealth should the rights and
constitutional privileges OF the people be
subver;ed We have relied with unsbak-
en- faith upon the people for our support
and vindicalion, and 10 the end that their
verdic, may be rendered with a foil knowl-
edge of The facts, we beg leave TO present
brief history of our position during the pro
lracted and exciting contest which has just
closed.
The members OF the Senate assembled in
the Senate Chamber at Harrisburg on Tues =
day, January 5lh, A. d. 1864, al 2 P. NJ.
OF The twenty-five Senators holding over,
all were present save Major White, who
was prisoner in the hands of the rebels
Of those present, twelve were Democrats,
and nine Republicans. The Senate was
called to order by the Hon. J. P. Penney,
The Speaker elected at the close Of the ses-
sion OF 1863 The Secretary of The Com
moEweallh was then introduced and pre-
senied line returns from the districts which
had elected Senators in October, 1863. The
returns were opened and read, by which il
appeared that four Democrats and seven
Republicans had bsen elected all of whom
were present, thereby causing tie in the
vote between the two great political organi-
zaiiors OF the country as represented on
that floor.
Upon the reading OF the certificates of
election, il would have been the duty OF the
Senator elected Speaker at the close of the
session OF 1863, 10 have vacated the chair
had be been goysfned in bis action by the
The star of the north. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1849-1866, 1864-03-23
THE E=scIENTlFIC AMERICAN.


We do nol believe that even in This aee
nf cheap publications any work can be
more rra, onahle than TIE terms OF The
Scientific american al 81 per annume
with % per cent discount tor clubs of 10
10 iorm n yearly volume of S32 pages
onaffo, with an immense number oi origr
nal enaravings OF patanfed machinest valu-
able Inventions. aud obIesIs of scientific
interest. There Is moi an industrial pnrsuh
which does not receive a share of lis at
tention. II contains official lists of patent
claims, important statistics, practical re-
ripes for domestic purposes, and has long
stood, both in this country and in Europe,
as the highest authority in the mechanic
arts and siences. There IL no pu5licaiios
more valuable t. the farmer, the miller,
the eugiueer, the iron founder The mechan
ic. or The manufacturer. We have never
apsred a number withods learning some
thing we never knew before, and obtaining
valuable information for the benefit of our
readers. The Publishers, Messrs Mum
& Co of 81 PARK Row, New York, have
deserved the sGccess which they have
achieved mo one should visit that city
without calling al their palalial establish
menl, which is museum OF inventive
genius, collected from he entire world
II aay of our friends do not know this work
aud Will take our advice, they will mail 50
aud become Subscribers Immediately, or
BY applying 10 The Publishers they can OBJ
lain specimen copy gratis. which will be
sure to confirm The trnIb OF our recommen-
dafion ,,
The star of the north. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1849-1866, 1864-03-23
A FORTUNE FOR ALL!
EITHER MEN OR WOMEN

NO HUmBuG, bui an ENTIRELY NEW
thing. spoIy three months in this country
No clap.irap operation TO gull the public,
but genuine money making thing Read
the Circu ar of instruction oure only and
5ou will understand II perferriy Lady
has just written TO me that she is making
as high as TWENTY DOLLARS SOME
DAYS! giving instructions in This art.
Thousands OF Soldiers are making money
fapidIy att. / is thing lha, takes beuer
than anything ever offered You caa
make money with IL no me or ahroad-on
steam boats or railroad cars, aud in The
country or cI,v. You will be pleased in
pursuing il, moi Only because i: will , ield
q handsome income, bat also in conse-
buence Of the general admiration which it
eiiciss. i ie pretty mnch all profit. A
mere irifse il necessary TO start with.
There is scarcely Que person ost of
thousands who ever pays any attention to
Advertisements of ih,s kind, lhiokug they
are humouss. Consequently those who do
send for Instructions will have a broad
field 10 make mosey "a. There is class
OF persons in this world who would think
thai because they have been humbueged
out of a dollar of so, that everything that
y atvenlsrd = huinbug. Consequently
Iae lr, no more. rhe person who suc-.
eeeds is the one tia; keeps on trying until
he hi,s something that pays him.
This art cost me ons thousand dollars.
and expect 10 make money out of l,-and
sli who purchase me art of me will do The
same. Ore Dollar seht to ms will insure
he prompt return of c-rj of Instructions
Ia the art. Tae rs0'ey sDM Is refn5nsd 70
fkose not sutisfed.
Address WALTER T. TINSLEY,
No. Park Place, New York.
Oct 81, 1861 : SIN.
The star of the north. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1849-1866, 1864-03-23
THE STORY OF A JUG.

Il is irne tale OF one whose name il Gas
hot who shall be known here as Bernard
Barton.
Bernard was born in one OF those home
like, cleanly and homes locking villages of
Massachusetts, OF which there are so many,
and which we shall call by way of disiin>
guishment Middletown. Bernard was an
only child, and his father, there's no deny
ing the fact, was harsh very harsh man,
and apt to regard the faults of the boy much
more harshly than they deserved Bernard
was without a mother, she having died
when he was bni three years of age, since
which time he had been under the charge
oil grand -moiher, who had become domi-
cited at the Barton homestead, and who
made up by peiting for The rough usage he
received from his father The only other
member oil the family was Marion, an or
phan, whom Bernard had called "cousin,"
and who was OF that relation some score of
times removed. Between Marion and Bar
nard there was elk years difference, and the
Of sixteen as TO some superior being, whose
wisdom surpassed all comprehens sion tor
BernarI, though born and educated upon
a farm, and 10 DO farm work, was both
reader and thinker, and by some means,
even with his very limited opportunity, had
managed TO pick up a vast deal OF knowl-
edge unusual for lad Of his ege. This
picking mp. however, was something not 10
accord ance with the taste Of Mr. Barton,
who could see nothing in books,an was no
believer in learning beyond what was ne
cessary to enable him TO read the daily
chapter, and keep his farm accounts. He
believed in work, and in having The best
kept farm in the country and believing
this, and this only, il was nof strange that
he was severe upon the boyish dreaming
habits oF Bernard and classed them only as
laziness. The boy writhed under his faith
er's treatment, and Iabored and monrned
over the tasks set him 10 perform, but never
10 his laiher uttered word of complaint
ali this was poured into the grandmoiher's
ears, aud from her lips came all The conso-
Iation that Bernard received, save snch as
could be given by little Marion, who, tho
too young TO fairly understand the matter
in its proper bearings, could always, when
she saw the cloud upon Bernard's face, kiss
away some OF it.
i dont believe be cares any more forme
than stranger Bernard would say.
sOh you're wrong, Bernard. Your father
does not want 10 praise you before your
face, but know he loves you. and wishes
10 make you happy. He thinks his own
way is right was the grandmothsr's re-
sponse.
Happy! il he wants me 10 be happy,
why doesn't he send me 10 school. No !
no he wants me TO be farmer and gar
dener. never will be farmer in the
world
There there, now come dry Jour
eyes, Barney, and go fetch me cool drink
You know ! never.care cent for drink if
you dou't.dra il for me out of the north
corner of the weIl'
The boy knew that the appearance Of the
stone pitcher was like peace offering and
that with it grandmother generally closed
the scenes of tears ard repinings; some
times, perhaps, in special cases, accompa-
nyins ii by wiping away the falling tears
| With her ample check apron and : kiss.--
The star of the north. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1849-1866, 1864-03-23
BELLS spEcIFIc PILLs-wara.ed

BELLS SPECIFIC PILLS-Waua:ed
in alIcases. Can be relied nnI Never fail
to cure Do not nauseale Are speedy
in action No change Of diet required =
DO not interfere with business pursuits
Can be used without detection Upward
of 200 cures The past monih--ons of Them
very severe caSes. Over one hundred ply
ficians have med them IN their practice,
and all speak well OF their efficacy, aud ap-
prove their ccnp position, which is entirely
vegetable, and harmless on he system
Hundreds OF cert ificaies can be shown.
BeIPs Specific PllI< are The original and
only genuine Specific Pill They are
adapted for male aud iemals, ,oId or young,
and the Only reliable remedy Tor eGecting
permanent aud ..eedy cnfe in all cases
Spermaiorrhes, or Seminal Weakn ess, with
all its sraia Of erils such as Urelhral and
Vaginal Discharges, iFre whites, nightly or
Involuntary Emissions, fncontine nee, Geni
tad DebilnS and Irritabriiiy Impotence
Weakness or loss of Power, nervous De-
billy, &C., all of which arise principally
from Sexuel Eseesses or seIf-abuse, o.
come constitutional arrangement, and II
capacitates the 50 asrer from fulfilling the
dusies of married life. 10 all sexnai DIS
eases, ,Gonouhea, Gleet aud Structures, aud
ia Diseases OF The Bladder and Kidneys
hey act as charm Relief is experi-
snced by taking a single box.
Sold by ali the principal druggists. Price
They viii be rent by mail, securely seal-
ed, aud coBfidentaIIy, on receipt OF The
money. by j. BRYAN, NJ. d.
No. 10 Cedar street, New York,
Consulting Physicians for the treatment of
Seminal, Urinary. Sexual, and Nervous
Diseases, who will send, free TO all, the
foiIoNing valuable work, in sealed en-
g velope
THE FIFTTETH THOUSAND-DR. !.
BELL;S TREATISE on self-abuse, Prema-
f6rs decay, impotence and loss Of power.
esxnai disc ases, seminal weakness, nightly
emissions, genital debilily. sc &C., a
pamphlet OF 81 pages. containing impor-
tsnl advice to fhe afflicted, and which
should be read by every sufferer, as the
means of cure in the ssverest stages Is
plainly sci forth. Two stamps required TO
osr o5sisae.
Nov 81 lss2S-fys
The star of the north. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1849-1866, 1864-03-23

aver heard a word Of that poor boy.'

never heard word oil that poor boy
'He can't be alive, grandma Pm sure
lba, If Bernatd were living he would not
have let so long time pass without letting
us hear from him.
mo no Marion. ! am content to wait.
know that shall not die without seeing
Bernard
sAad grandma, if you should Gee him
now, perhaps you would DOT know him.
'Not know him yes, indeed, would
know my boy whenever would see him,
and at any time, Shall never forget, Mar
ion, the day when he wen: out with the
stone Jug, and both our kisses warm upon
his lips and never came back His poor
father held out for many years against him,
and even forbade his name TO be mention
ed, but in his las; sickness he mourued for
Bernard, sorrowed for his harshness TO the
boy. He felt that he had done wrong Mari
on, or he would not have left the isrm and
all that he had labored for so hard, to be re-
claimed by Bernard If he ever should re-
turn. No ! no Marion, Bernard will come
back some day, and bring me another Jug
OF water from the norlh corner of the well.
haven't enjoyed drink Of water since he
went away
The stranger had heard all this, looking
in upon The old grandmother and the beat
tiful girl who sat sewing beside the shaded
lamp and dropping heI brown curs over
her white, plump hands. and then. without
tOrr StlantI,, f,o,
the window
Down The lane he went, towards the well ,
and gro2ing for a moment in the hedge, he
drew forth a stone jug. In few moments
il was cleansed, filed with sparkling water,
and on its way to The house; and the
grandmother and the fair giIl with the drop
ping curs were startled to see tall, sun
brown, richly dressed man, enter the sit-
iingroom, bearing before him a great stone
ing, and saying
Here's The water, grandma, you sent me
for
The old lady was not long in recovering
herself.
'Pul it on he isble, Bernafd, and come
and kiss me- And then in an instant the
whole three were locked in each others
arms, Marion covered with bushes, and
grandma laughing aloud from very happi-
/ ness.
cannot close my story without a sequel
Bernard's Ten years, as a rolling stone. had
oyerthrown the proverb, for be had not on
/ ly gathered moss, but he had gained fame
AID when, in TWO weeks after, he said 10
Marion, as they were walking in the moon
! ligh, up and down the lane that led TO The
old well, these words, il told The whole tale
| of the struggle
q knew, dear Marion, that this day woI'd
come, and struggled for my wealth 10
meet it,
q felt that should some day come back
a1d claim my child love, and that should
find heI, but ! die not look upon my wealth
as means 10 sill down and wear away a
lisiIess life. There is work yet for me 10
do in the world, and | shall do IL This
spot shall be our home always, bu; must
still work, and you as my vile shall help
me-
And he did work, not upon the corn crib
or upon Sorre's harnsss, but upon the
worlds work, until all the world knew ot
him, and Of the Story OF Jog.
!
The star of the north. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1849-1866, 1864-03-23
The Daily Age.

which advocates the principles and policy
OF the Democratic party, IS issued every
morning, Sundays excep,ed.) and contains
the Latest relegraphic News from all parts
of the World with carefully prepared ar
ticles on Government, Politics. Trade, Fi-
uances, ETC., and prompt editorial COM
meuts OIL the questions and affairs OF the
day Market Reports, Prices Current,
Stock Quo,enons, Marine Intelligence, Re-
por's OF Public Gatherings, Foreign and
Domestic Correspondence, Legal Reports,
Theatrical Criticisms, Reviews of Literature
Arr aud Music, Agricultural Matters, aud
discussions of whatever subject Is OF gener-
al interest and importance
The star of the north. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1849-1866, 1864-03-23
The Weekly Age,

IS complee compedium oI The News OF
The Week, and contains the chief editorials,
he prices current and market reports stock
qnotalions, correspondence and general
news matter published in the Daily Age-
1t also aontains a great variety OF other
matter, rendering it IN al respects hrst
class family journal, particularly adapted
10 The Politician, the Merchant, the Farmer.
the Mechanic The Literary man, and all
classes of readers. IL ha>, in fact, every
characteristic OF Live Newspaper, fitted
for the Counting House, the Workshop, the
farmers Fireside, and the general reader
TERMS