Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1863-09-17

Letter frOE YjIliaa Hsnry Trsssot. Esq ot
S0ssh CarOiiHa, s Hon J. r. IageTsoH, d

Fhis letter. which re would gladly COPY IN
full, but for lis extreme leug5h, aBpezrs ia fhs
Record, bearing the date Of May 81 I.is a dfs-
passionate view Of the question between the
Confederate and The United States, regards
its nature, It's origin, is development aad il
solution. The writer svsils himself OF bis init
| macy with Mr. Ingersoli--EitiI whom, as geere-
iaTy OF legation, he was associated dRFiBR aha.
| gentieman's residence uesT the Court Of Great
Britain, rs Uni.ed States Mnsssr--lo address
10 him this Treatise (tor such il Isl. He copsid-
/ ers toe question not nov one ..s.
The political work Of these centuries has
been the cIyisi0a Of p9Uer-s constant effort 10
adjust the political boundaries Of tho wor.d IN
accordance with the political wants Of the FOrl5;
/ and as 4 to point ths lesson Of warning as well
/ as to illustrsse-it by example, the partition Of
/ PolAud and he arbitrary arrangements of 1915,
| stand as exceptions fo-ced upon t6e law ct ma
/ tgra by She folly Of man.
| Upon the secession Of the Southern States,
therefore, the question wes subuittsd 70 The de-
cision Of the world, whether that secession r. as
/ the legitimate birth of new natioe, whelher it
was tie Ha.urai ard necessary aevel-pslsnt Of
those elements of social and o liricsl lie, which
uR5sf the protecting in6lauce Of the old order
Of hi8gs, had rsaeasi thas maturity Of strength
which rqIiTsa an independent sphere Tor their
igtEso wholesome acsi0n upon .hs affairs % he
world
After pointiug ont that, in view Of divers
considerations, the Nsrth and the South were,
from the beginning, utterly distinct communi-
ties Ar. TTeseot proceeds
It's needless to refer to the differences Of in
d.yiduAl opinion which marked the progress of
the discussion Of the Constitution, f5r they
could not and did not control the development
Of those elements Of coBaiet which that iusiru-
Hlent uasvoidabiy cOnt-adicted. They would
simply indicate what the greet aod wise men of
that day thought wOlld ha the probable f1tura
of tbe. country 1t is sufficient to note the fact
that by ali It was regarded AS an experiment., BY
q large mai )TIty as e most hcp0ful experiment.;
but that By many the very results which have
followed were anticipated, and that Bsuiamjn
Harrison, of Virgiaia, ez pressed tbs CONVICTION
OF lsrge cjsss of able and patriotic men, when
be wrote October 4, 1857, 70 Gen. Washington.
Sc I cannot diYest myself Of an opinion that the
seeds Of civil dise0rd are piendiul.y s0wn in
very many Of the powers given both to the
President and Congress, snj that If the Con
stitudoB Is carried toto efF3ct, the States
soBlh Of the Pot0msc win be little more
than sppandages TO those TO the uorthrar5
Of ik" Upon the adoption Of tne Constitution
there arose two great parties, the one dssir-
Gus Of using the Constitution as an iusiru-
n8nt 10 establish great nation By csHtraliznR
aud Strengthening the Fedora powers. By COZ
strung grants Of power literally. they hqped
to absorb the political ind,vidualities Of Toe
States, and thus construct one homogeneous gov
ernmenL This great party, known 10 our bis-
tory as the Eederslsts, was In point of ability.
purity. energy and influence, by far the highest
political organization this country has ever
known, but they were fighting against laws too
strong even for them, aud they were destroyed,
without hope Of resurrection, by the election Of
Mr.. Jefferson, the great representative Of tho
second party, having hsld the Administration Of
/ The GjVeFnmeHt about zen years, she last two
years Of MT. Adams form being thrown cut of
the calculation. The two leading facts in the
Administration of Mr. Jefferson and that of Mt
Madison, which was siElpl7 tho logical sequence
of Mr. J5 J5fers0n'S, were !. Tae creation and
cultivation Of that direct popular iRausuee upon
every act OF Governmeut. which soon converted
@ Federal republic iato 4 m0nstr0Us Democracy,
aud developed hsTceuess and tyranny OF party
rule almost uneEsmpied in history; and 2 The
sUB0TdIust!On OF domestic politics IN a large
mes5lra % tue eLigsLcies OF cur foreign yels-
rions and ths necessities Of the war Of 1912
which 10 some measure delgyed aa1 IN q great
measure cOrceaIed the Immense revolution
which bad taken place in the interior politics Of
the country. The Consequences Of these two
f1r,s dti nat nrhih-t fiesasavra u-t1 sfs7r tha
end OF The war, hut at [ he close Oi Mr. M1nroe's
Administration, the lass President who had been
an actor in the great revelation, the tariff and
Toe Mssou.i eOmpromise had drawn with fatal
precision, aud nsYsr 20 be agaiiestsd, the lines
OF sectional division. The -tsr!hf controversy
was peThsps rather = symptom OF the disease
that lay deeper, thar suJ thing m3rs serious. Is
vas speaking very generally, cured by pslIia-
/ tIves. Gus the disease vas unchecked, and ibs
! vital organs Of the naiiOaal life were s0On a.
tackled
As 10 the MISSOURI compromise, tbs dis5olu-
( ton OF the Union, sooner or later, Hss written
/ 81 a.N Hh.uH
/ rou- III the Missouri line could nave been fair-
/ y preserved, if the laws of HatErs then At work
could have permitted its extension TO the Pa
/ cihc, the Union might have been preserved for
/ some years longer. But it established truths
/ lhat could not rest quiet that must develop
] Iat0 their necessary consequences. For this
/ basis OF the iuture natural lite Of the couuifY
kWss clearly uueousti u.onsl--iu the most fs-
rable light. eTtra-c1Bs5isutional, which is
Very nearly the same tAinR-was in centTadic-
/ iion with the fundamental organic law Of Our
national existence and the principle upon
I which il rested was The existence under one
/ Government of two great sections, whose 10
I teTegts were so opposed thst the nation was
/ forced literally 70 di8membeF itself 10 draw the
boundary line OF a geographical sRd pOiitical
| separation. Since tina passage of that act
the efforts Of all the political parties Of tie coun-
Try have bsen to hide this Unth, to govern the
nation as one which the statata book itself de-
/ clared 70 be two How this has affected cur ne
I Itcsl history; how it modified tie Democratic
party, snd may almost be said 10 have created
the Wing psrty; how It gave Mf Clay his Pc
| suliar character as the great but unsuccessful
I mediator before The country; how It placed tho
South II perpeiually false position, by com
psllng its alliance WIN the Northern Dsmocrs-
| cy, l cannot stop now to explain. Bat st last
I this anomalous and unTulhsHl condition Of
i thiugs brCHs down; tbs ruth, terrible as e
might be ia its results, forced itself on the na-
/ ton, aud in 1850, by the passage Of what
/ ives 50 ludric3usly called the compromises, the
| Missouri line WAS destroyed, the mjser1-
bla sham Ct a cnmmOH country was sx.
pi0,ted. Fud the territories Wers appoint
ad es 3 G-li t6f tue final struggle hstrasu
taa two BCctions Honest iodsed bsiJnye were
tae laen Y,l1 sEGve for Whist they called q lnsi
settlement, bat newer Waa trusr word sposeo.
( L1weger. .tltgelcoma the su5hGTitT, than hen
Nc. Collamer, Of Vermont, said: ''The Kansas
Nebraska SC vas passed, the Missouri Cumnro-
mise lire declared imperative, ard The SUBJ set
t slavery WAS lilIrp1ssly tuTnoS ever 90 the Ve0
pie who should - and inhabib the country.
This was an iHYitstiOn to all men 70 enter tins
field Of competition for free and slsye iuslitu-
lions and it Fas 20 be expected that the friends
and promoters OF these two Systems would max
vigorous exerti0ns ia the struggle, and that sei-
tlement BY the friends Of each would DO highly
stimulsfsd by all lawful means"
When the compromise bills we're passed
many wise aud good men at The SOuth thought
that the time had indeed come for 6nal action
Tbey were overruled, and the South accepted
lhs issue "in the Union" rendered By the North.
Tbsy were beaten in Kansas how, it is not
worth while now TO Inquire, aud tbs North.
sru triumph eoasummstsd by the election Of
Mr. Liac6ln, al election best described in the
plain statement of facts ssEt by Mf. BuehsE-
- fa-.H-
lseign ministers Of tue United States "Yoa
{ are Of course aware that the eleceon Of lass
Ncyegnber resulted in rhs choies Of Mr. A6ra-
han Lincoln; that ne Wss the candidate Of tha
Republican or Auti-slsvery paTsJi thst the pre-
! eeding dscussion hal been couGued ALMOST en-
tirsy 10 topics connected directly OF indirectly
WITH the saeiect Of negiO slavery; that every