The Portland daily press. [volume] (Portland, Me.) 1862-1921, 1863-06-04

from the West Is astounding to a down-eaSter.
On the Central road alone So 900 cars passed in
1862. learned at Rochester, that 20OO cars
were loaded daily at Buffalo during the sus-
pension of canal navigation, mostly through
freight. Freights accumulate at that point
beyond the facilities of transportation. Last
year the receipts for freight exceeded 81 ,000,-
900. The freight department at the eastern
terminus at Albany, employed last fall 450
men.
They have built 1851 miles OF canals and
feeders, at total cost of S62,292,000. On
these canals are now running 5095 canal boats
which ran in one year tiS62) IL, $50 miles.
They carried last year 16I,620 bbs. of flour
manufactured in New York, and 1853, l55 bbls.
manufactured In other States, and 81, ,169,363
bushels OF wheat, all but TWO millions OF which
reached tide water. 566 locks are required to
pass these boats up and down the elevations
and depressions between the great lakes and
tide water at Troy and Albany. Hundreds of
the boats may be seen in New York harbor,
having passed the entire distance, over 500
miles without transhlpment Of cargo The
revenue from tolls for the year ending Sept.
80, 1862, was the princely sum of 81, ,f90,5lS.
The enlargement OF this great avenue OF CON-
merce as contemplated, will be a stupendous
undertaking. Boats l20 feet long, carrying
1900 bbls. OF flour, are now used, but the de-
sign is to make the canal, now eight feet deep
and eighty feet wide, of sufficient width and
depth TO pass gunboats and sailing vessels that
can run from Chicago to New York, and
thence coastwise without breaking cargo.
Through the great cities of Utica, Syracuse,
Rochester, Buffalo and Oswego, it would be
like removing miles Of such stores and ware
houses as the Thomas and Gait blocks on Com
mercial street in Portland. Then the demoli-
ton and rebuilding of so many mammoth
double locks, the construction of new bridges,
: immense acqueducts like those that span the
Genesee at Rochester and the Mohawk near
Cohoes, &c., &C., will make it the greatest un-
dertaking of the kind in the world. Doubt
less the Chicago Convention soon to assemble
will initiate measures that will result in its
consummation. The merchants OF Portland
should be well represented. The great West
must and will have better outlet for its in
creasing products.
New York has 20 colleges, 226 academies,
II ,6S3 common schools, with an army of 26,-
Az teachers, who have the care OF ,33S,OOO
pupiis, receiving Tor their services S3Js42,ZtO
year. There are numerous reiormatory in
stitutions, wen patronized. Two reform
schsois contain ooo refractory boys one In
New YORK and one In Rochester. Men VIII
be law breakers mere also, and three State
prisons are punt 10 keep them In, one at sing
Sing, one at Auburn ana one at Clinton, all
containing z,039 inmates, l3i of whom are ie-
males. rode In the same car with one con-
Wet to Auburn lie was hard looking sub
Ject, and as he left the ear with hands chained,
the officers beside him, and marched up the
broad steps of the prison only a few feet from
the train, and disappeared from the compan-
ionship of the outer world, in the next hour to
have his head shaved and don the coarse gray
prison garb, could not help thinking that
indeed 1.-The way Of the Gransgressor is hard"
A State lnebriate Asylum is established at
Binghampton TO treat drunkenness as dis
ease. Already over 5000 applications are
made for admission, while only 400 can be
treated at once. Rum curses other commu-
mites as well as ours, and its victims are count
ed here 1t seems by thousands. Why will
men take an enemy into their mouths to steal
away their brains?
Money is abundant 302 banks circulate
~ millions OF dollars. The total assessed val
ue of property in the State in 1862 was l ,449
millions OF dollars. Nearly one half of this is
In the two cities OF New York and Brooklyn.
The total amount OF insurance on property in
the State is 1901 millions Of dollars. all how
ever are not milionaires 22s.507 paupers
were relieved during 1867, at a cost of ST.
235,OOO to their more fortunate neighbors. OF
this number $4,000 were natives, and $4,000
foreigners, and the pauperism Of 22,O0O of the
whoie was traced directly to intemperance.
AS an lndcation oi the thrift and independ-
ence OF the common people, the mechanics
and day laborers, whom our amiable Southern
rebels stigmatlze as "menials, greasy me-
chancs" and 'mud-siils," the fact stands out
ofiicially that this class has now deposited in
the savings banks OF The State over so mil
lions Oh dollars. Ihis VIII DO to draw upon
i.w uayS a,1 .ne stass sto"s ,n snc streets
Oh New iork, as predicted In reoeidom.
misn oui nsihe pomoiosls.s anu lovers Oh
soou nui' eouiu ENJOY Win me sohe OF .he
prouucss VI .nls garueh VI ,ne woriu; Inc
Mus n1i ale aou'iuanl anu uelcious. our
Malie nuIssIylnen wouiu introduce one apple
ohiy III aaa'tioh 10 those we now nave, II
wouiu sdu Immensely 10 tue value Oh Maine
orcnaro prooucts. l mean the hing apple,
Ialsed extensively nere. IL Is very large,
.aie apple, redaish color, beautiful havor,
luicy ana tenuer; nave never seen any in
Nalhe. we ought 10 RAISE them. reaches
we niust loreso IN our chthate. here they are
SO abundant that often the market price does
NOT pay lo1 galherlng ana transportation, and
Maso" loaus rot on ,he grounu. In Waworth,
~ the vicinity oil Rochester, one gentleman,
MI. l. .. ieomans, mas lVo acres OF truit
uecs. a.e preserved peaches al MS mouse
"S .r,':' Tesh as Ihoush Jus. pickea.
Inns ana other iruit he preserves IN leo-