Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1863-01-10
PRICE 8 CENTS.

until within the last TWO years. Thus in 1Sii
there were three hundred seventy.eight thousan,
Two hundred twenty-six, by the census of tn
United states; while in 1860 they had diminish
cd to one hundred and fourteen thousand eigh
hundred twenty-nine, and the production of WOO
from one million sixteen thousand two hundred
tnlrty pounds in 1915, to three hundred seventy
three thousand seven hundred eiehtynin,
pounds in 1860, although meanwhile, the mum
Der of neat cattle and horses had largely increas
ed. so that the gross value of live stock. which
~ 1900 was 9,647, 700, had. in 1860 become S12.
1894, Notwithstanding the constantly growing
Chains OF manufactures and the mechanic arts
| upon the industry of our people
Inc secretary of the state board of a0ricultura
| spent several months of the summer and autumn
IN europe, where he had unusual facilities for the
study and observation Of the agriculture Of the
Old world. Some account of bis observations
VIII De presented IN his report to the legislature
PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
or all our public institutions those devoted tn
popular education are the source of the most un-
mingled satisfaction and pride. It swells ones
neart to feel that, in the Midst of war; in which
FOR very national existence this people is con-
senolng on land and sea, the humblest child in
massachusetts may daily find an open door and
an outstretched hand of welcome to all the uses
and the delights of learning. The rebellion it,
sell would nave been impossible had a system
OF iree schools pervaded the Union; for they
would have lifted the people of the rebel states
Dltious, jealous, and despotic men, to whose
wlles popular ignorance left them victims
1ne average attendance of the teachers of Mas
sachusetts at their institutes is reported TO be
larger by twenty during the last twelve months
than in any former one of the seventeen veara
they have been held. The interest exhibited nv
inc people In educational meetings has never
Deen greater The number of students in our
normal schools and colleges is believed TO be d.
mI1lnlshed only by enlistments in the army of the
Md fhau, Al.
ouCon OF devoted patriotism, not merely on field
ana line, but on rank and file, umined by in
tellect and graced by cultures Our common
schools are the distributors of those gifts of
learning of which the higher institutions of
literature ana science are the reservoirs. Every
Intelligent laborer helps to weave, with cunning
hand, into the warp and wool of all the wealth
ana uses OF mankind the sublimest thought and
the marvellous diyinations of thinkers discover
ers' and inventors. For happiness, for honor,
ior wealth and strength, as well as for duty, let
us lnVesr generous portion of the Inheritance in
the undecaying riches of the intellect.
Inc policy OF emancipation is the discovery of |
u new world IL will open fields of effort for eve
ry variety of gift. The untutored labor. the
wasteiul husbandry, the unskiful mechanism,
tanned, and all their boundess possibil-
ltles OF development invite your sons
task is before them they cannot aban-
don, destiny they cannot avert, power no pol
IVY Vah uWdri, an achievement such as no hstO-
ry mas ever written. Let narrow partizans con-
trive Union from which New England Is re-
lectcu II they will free schools of New Eng
ialld VIII span the moat and scale the wall And
whenever IN peace or war in arts or arms, is |
sought the help Of men in whose hearts courage |
Is made strong by faith, whose thinking schem- |
ing ana fruitful brains arc guides to untiring |
hands instructed in every art of ingenious ciyili
zatiou-the graduates of your nurseries of learn |
ing VIII answer to the call, freer and stronger
than the wind that floats your flag, in that mys-
FERROUS power of which Minerva leaning full |
armed from the the brain of Jove, is the type to
tue reason of philosophers, as well as TO the
dream of poets
SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE AND THE ARTs-UNI-
vERsITY sYsTRM.
AT the last session of congress an act was
f'sed !chapter 1870 of acts of the 37th congress-
SESSION granting to each of the several states
out excluding 6tnef gciehfmc iantf Aeiasbfarssssu
les, and including military tactics, to teach such
branches of learning as are related to agriculture
and the mechanic arts in such manneras the leg
islatures of the states may respectively prescribe,
in order to promote the liberal and practical ed
ucaton of the industrial classes in the several
pursuits and professions of life" The appOrtion-
ment TO each state is lin quantity equal to 10000
acres of land to each senator and representative
ia congress, TO which the states are respectively
entitled by the apportionment under the census
of 1861"
The act provides that the land aforesaid, after |
being surveyed, shall be apportoned to the sever
al states in sections or subdivisions ofsections not
less than one quarter of section; and when Ver |
there public lands in a state subject to sale at
private entry at one dollar and twenty-five cents |
per acre, the quantity TO which said state shall
be entitled, shall be selected from such lands
within the limits of such state; and the secre-
tary Of the interior is directed to issue TO
each of the states in which there is not the
quantity of public lands subject to sale ut |
private entry at one dollar and twenty |
five cents per acre, TO which said state may be |
entitled, under the provisions of the act, land |
scrip to the amount in acres for the deficiency of
its distributve share; said scrip to be sold hy |
said state and The proceeds thereof applied to the
uses and purposes prescribed in the act, and for |
no other uses and purposes whatsoever; and it
further provides that in no case shall any state
to which land scrip may be thus issued, be al |
lowed to locate the same within the limits of any |
other state, or Of any territory of the United |
States but its dSSignees may locate said land |
scrip upon any of the unappropriatcd lands of |
the United States subject to sale ut private entry
at ST. ,25 per acre.
BY the provisions of the act, it is made in.
cumbent upon every state which desires to avail
itself of its benefits, to express its acceptance of
the conditions prescribed within two years from
the date Of its passage; that is prior to July 2,
1864. And it is also required that any state
which may claim and take the benefit of the |
provisions of the act shall establish at least one
college within five years, "where the leading OBJ |
Ject shall be TO teach such branches of learning |
as are related to agriculture and the mechanic |
arts" But ono portion of said fund, nor the |
interest thereon, shall be applied, directly or in
directly, under any pretence whatever, TO the
purchase erection, preservation or repair OF any
building or buildings"
The last will and testament of the late BeDja-
min Bussey deyises large property and estate
in trust to the president and fellows of Harvard
college, "as permanent, public, corporate body,
especially charged with the care and supernten-
dence Of the higher branches of education" 1t
directs his homestead estate called Woodland
HILL" in Roxbury, consisting of two hundred
acres of land, TO be retained by the trustees,
and, "that they will establish there course Of
i struction in practical agriculture, in useful and
ornamental gardening, in botany, and in such
other branches OF natural science as may tend
to promotes knowledge of practical agriculture,
and the various arts subservient thereto, and
connected herewith, and cause such courses of
lectures to be delivered there at such seasons OF
the year, and under such regulations as they
may think best adapted TO promote the ends de-
signed; and also TO furnish gratuitOus aid If
they shall think it expedient, to such meritori-
Gus persons as may resort there for instruction."
the Institution so established to be called the
"Bussey Institution"
The will appropriates one half of the net in
come of the whole trust property other than
Woodland Hill, Ito the support Of said institu-
physical sciences, there or at Harvard college, as
are subservient thereto, and connected with the
great objects of said institution"
Agricultural societies, professorships, and in
structons in the schools Of Europe, originated
about one hundred years ago; but the first at
tempt to actualize the conception of scientific ag-
riculture practically taught and illustrated In ed