Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1863-05-22

| The more vigorous the war 10 pursued, the
better IL 10 for humanity. Sharp wars are
brief
The instructions also treat of the appropria.
ton by victorious army Of the public and pri.
vate property Of the enemy-protection of
persons, especially of women-of religion-the
arts and sciences, and the punishment OF crimes
against the inhabitants of hostile countries.
There exists no law or body of authoritative
ruleg Of action between hostile armies, except
the branch Of the law Of nature and nations
which is called the law and usages Of war on
the land.
Slavery, compcstng and confounding the
ideas of property Chat ia of a thing), and of
personally (thatis Of humanity, exists accord
ing to the municipal or local laws only. The
Law of nature and nations has never scknowl-
edged 1t.
early dictum of the Pagan jurist, that $50 far
as the law of nature Is concerned, all men are
equal"
Fugitives escaping from country In which
they were slaves, villains or setfs, into another
country, have for centuries past been held FREQ
and acknowledged free by judicial decisions Of
European countries. even though the municipal
law Of the country in which the slave had taken
refuge acknowledged slavery within its own do
miniOns.
Therefore, In war between the United States
and belligerent, which admits of slavery, il o
person held In bondage by ihst belligerent be
captured by, or come ss u fugitive under the
protection Of the military forces of the United
States, such person is Immediately entitled to
the rights and privileges Of freeman.
To return such person into slavery would
amount to enslaving free perton, and neither
the United States or any officer under their au-
thority can enslave any human being.
Moreover, d person go made free by the law
OF war, 10 under the shield of the lew of nations,
and the former owner or State oan have, by the
law Of post-liming, no belligerent lien or claim
Of service.
A traitor, under tho law If war, or a war
traitor, is person in place or district under
martial Law, who, unauthorized by the military
commander, gives information OF any kind to
the enemy, or holds intercourse with him.
The war traitor lie always severely punished.
If his offeDse consists in betrayipg to the enemy
anything concerning the condition; safety, op-
erations or plans of the troops holding or occu-
pying the place or district, his punishment is
death
II .he citizen or subject of country or place
invaded or conquered gives information to his
own government, from which he 10 separated by
the hostile army, or to the army of bis govern
ment, he is o war traitor, and death is the PEN
atty of his offense.
All armies In the field stand in need of guides,
and impress them, If they cannot obtain them
otherwise. No person having been forced by
the enemy to serve 90 guide is punishable for
having done 90.
II citizen of hostile and invaded district
Voluntarily serves as guide tD the enemy, or
offers to do 90, he is deemed war traitor, and
shall suffer death.
citizen serving voluntarily as q guide
against bis own country commits treason, and
will be dealt with according 10 the Law of his
country.
Guides, when II Ia clearly proved that they
have mislead Intentionally, may be put to death.
All unauthorized or secret communi cation
with the enemy is considered reasonable by the
law of War. J4
Under the head of "Insurrection, Civil War,
Rebellion" the instructions say, EARNED or I'M
armed resistance by citizens of the United States
against the lawful movements Of their troops is
levyng war against the United States, and is
therefore treason" ..'. ..r