, 1863-03-07

them in harness to do our bidding. tits fatu-
ous fnti]ity that flies In the face Of nature. and
would stay her laws or palsy her forces. Ma
ture exhibits the Inevitable, inexorable and
eternal course Of things.
North Of the pier the line of beach teuds
nearly southeast. The proposed shear water
will run northeast, presenting the wide mouth
Of the funnel to receive the current, while the
contracted space between the shear-water and
the pier head will form the discharge pipe or
nozzle Of the funnel, bearing away the sand
Like snow flakes in tempest, The piers.
originally, should have terminated when six
teen feet OF water was attained; then a pfcr
head and sbcar-water would lave maintained
that depth. Hc who can think and has thought
upon the "how and Why Of snow drift, will
accurately predict where drifting snow will
form banks about tenement, By wind from
any giqen direction, and will readily say what
board fence or other shear, wind will bear
a'Say drift to any other contiguous locality.
and there again cause it to aggregate
SNOW is transported by wind, as sand is car
ried By water; both are subject to laws that
tent.
4 bar has been formed south from thc n;cr
head that vessels must now pass round to rain
tho harbor, This bar is constantly shoai;nr.
widening and extending. 1t will stretch and
shoal with slight curve shoreward, until it
JOINS thc main, and becomes sand beach from
the pier head to point near Cottage Grove.
a pier should be constructed OF piles, c1clu-
e1ycly, extending eastward from the present
termination Of the south pier, parallel with
and equal in extent 10 the north pier. Sim
Ply IN extension Of the south pier. This will
close out the sand from thesouth, and conlinc
the work Of digging ont the direct channel Channel ~
That mystic curve in the north pier must
bc Strengthened By row Of piles also, COM
pact]y driven, that no slack water shall re-
main to invite deposits, but that both sides
should afford smooth, square, lateral walls
TO facilitate the sleek discharge ofthe water.
lhe proposed shcer-water may be con-
st1ueted OF one row Of piles, compact1g driy-
en-: Gains should be cut in these piles after
being driven, one foot from the top, to admit
transverse timber eight inches square, in the
nature Of q dowen. Every pile should be
snuGiy Fl afnWn TO It's place and firmly boltcd
to this transverse d6Well, ind firmly clamped
upon the other side. The gains in the piles
should be four inches deep and receive one.
halfthe dowell, leaving four inches projecting.
:. Inside Pile counterforts should be driven It
intervals Of sly feet, as braces to the work.
cut and prepared to admit the projecting half
OF the duWcl. Ench counterfort should be
firmly secured by two bolts driven throurl1
the inner eounterfort, through the dowell
ana thr9ngh the outer pier work Of compact
piles. These counterforts will act as braces.
or abutments to render the pier work tirm
anu staole 10 rcpel the assaults Of waves aud
The piles should be twelve by si1cen
inches square + possible; at least seven feet
iehed, rounded and pointed, TO be driven into
tue ground. This will enable us to turn the
pile while being driven, that its fuce be made
TO conform to the face Of the work, If be
square portion be sixteen inches wide, the
rounded Rart, when driven, will be four inches
Of earth (more OF less) between the piles IS in
d:penslble- Earth or sand afforda a ten
acions adhesion for the wood, while piles
driven in contact with other piles, afford no
adhesion, but will slip out as glibly rs a can
ug =, VIII sup from package Of dip.
fle piles should be driven, sawed of. and
the dowell gains cut as the steam driver ad-
yaHccs. The work should not rise more than
two and half feet above the lake surface.
tAat waves mag pass over without making Ice
One row Of compact piles, so firmly tied
tosetner by dowcll on one side, clamps upon
re other side firmly spiked, md fortified by
inside countesforts is deemed sufficient to re-
sast any How Of ice that may assault It.: Init
II This should be deemed Insufficient. two
compact rows firmly bolted together with
ltequent inner abnlments, and eTcn q third
TO" might be added to make security trcb1v
sure. Such a.pier might stand few 1ustyy
DUCKS from war ram, and would vet cost
less than onc-third Of crib work filled With
stone. -'N~N "NN1
aver that properly prepared piles can be
df1ven true and tight, presenting fair even
1ace lkea brick wnll. The piles need not
q ahattfs u1snegelec, u h askeH and aTry Ike an
II nc bottom should afford boulders, they
Hust PC removed by the use Of a portable
dlFIng.ben. Such a bell, with an afr.nnmn
aa9 and I7e hote to supply The d!erwith atmosphere
and i.,n Ee 1nInished within the cost of 500, safe
n hauay and comfortable. Such WIS improyisei
q Inc undersigned, by which lead was raised
from sunkcn keel-baTge at the bottom Of fhe
N!sslss1ppI, with entire success: in which
Sa1d enterprise he figured rs diyer-in,chief:
II II rocks in the way Should be so embedded
nea .nat g1ap1eis can Get no clutch Of them, they
eand will be found In tho track Of liz nro. y.
posSd shear-water. The estimated cost Of the
7s Work is about $l8, 900, dredging not included.
rue plers Of this description Will cost abont
ohe,tenth Of cribwork Tiled with stone, Nc
!IesneI !f' can wash out the direct channel until
c1oss che sontn t pler be first extended That would
Ion: It Is not, therefore, practicable: hence.
mt: 1ne o,fect channel must first be drcdge6
iua imS aecpening can be effected in forty days at
1,asa ra. t eusl, ny means Of IN apparatus (which
The delay md cost Of the usual methods hof of
dredging. AAs"A4'o' VI
Inc plans and specifications now submitted
~ your protector, has for Its object, a Dcr-
Mancnt!hnish for the Chicago Harbor; theucc<
10TH to remain finished, with selCadjustinr
pietc efficiency, requiring only to be renewal
when dccayed.
T the project should pro7e q success mn
totfg or tusgirg will longer be required fo
rescue vessels from 'he perils OF anchorage in
~ 'cpen eea way, With stone filed break
uon: tE They can ut all times enter and ind |
sneiier without risk or delay
.,,an - 'Ac FIesenl ragged ti1, or unQx Of your
plers. sand would diff into your harbor at a
ts;silu. fsalar 1'e' she lake should become the
eon<tssntly ls1s ct set in, and during heavy weather
would be thick with clay and sand.
1us suEges!ions Of yonr protector are not
neN Jew 10 him. More than twenty -flyo yearsago
eiey were conceived, but have now first strug-
s1eu ~ LOT :,, eifth. Whcthera a mouse or moi
ser ser VII be the outcome-whether fulI Of
,us1s ne it shall go forth to bless OF Eal still
2oIn 70 passinto oblivion, is lid in the futurc.
81 3 eIe4uent rcconstderations, some eogitation
\. hnu q, leiecnon, have confirmed his Judgment
"a ~ t4e feasibility and usefulness OF his plans;
sa.s u .esa1nE popular attention to their conside-
!atlon, from m innate love Of quiet and OBJ
::cusuy, ever fimidly shrinking from the indif.
essMee, neglect audstupidity Of non-discrim-
na,'nS la, u pubic Sound, rational reasoncrs,
not from the outset ofany project, willie it yet
. etis'.lhs merely apprcciatorJ, lnclSing expert
ncnt-mcn, who habitually look 1fLer the
:anse OF ell seen effects-who fear to descern |
'nnla. snc.nsf any modification Of the cause can