The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1863-08-04

all kinds will be a. cheap - q hes bo~a
Tor the Last year. and perhaps cheaper. e. che
demand in England and France Coz our bread
stuffs, which was 90 great the past yeAr. OH
probably be very limited in the presca,
The Dsstiay Of the ssssh Amssseaa ns-
pubitss-The Uatssd states rssss ssss-
raj Protector.
The Central and South American republics.
with scarcely an exception. are struggling
against all the evils arising out of cxhxasting
civil strife and succession OF bloody revolu-
tons. II is impossible 10 look forward 10 . 20
Rod, ever 40 remote. when peace and good
government shall return TO these fertile bat
distracted countries. Although the resources
Of all Of them arc varied and illimitabis. they
are but Of little benefit 10 tho Inhabitants
themselves or to the rest Of the world. The
trade Of blood and carnage In In the ascendant
everywhere, ana the people dnd bu, little time
or opportunity to devote 10 the more ennsbling
arts OF industry and agriculture.
The republic OF Venezuela. one of the mos,
beautiful and productive regions Of ala south
America, has for years past been dc,olslsd By
fratricidal war. which all the efforts Of soms
Of her noblest sons have been unable 10 sabdus
General Paez, with that lofty and devoted pa
triotism which has always characterized him.
has devoted his declining years 10 the sAms
noble purpose, but with comparatively no 70
suit. There are indeed some faint CLEANS Of
the return Of peace to venczusla; but the pest
does not encourage us TO place much conf
dence in present appearances. The Dictator
ship OF General Paez Is al an end. aud General
Falcon, the former enemy OF Pace. IL now Pro-
sident dd interim. But the embers Of discoa-
tent are still smouldering throughout the land.
and nothing is moro probable than the initiatioa
Of a new revolution at no distant day.
Nor are affairs in New Granada aud Ecuador
in a much more prosperous condition. In the
former republic, after prolonged struggle
among the States, General Mosquera has sue
ceeded in enforcing his authority by means OF
sharp fighting, and New Granada is now known
rs the United States of Colombia Mosqusra
is an energetic man, aud doubtless will strive
hard to completely pacify the country and de-
velOp its valuable resources. But he Is also
threatened by the ever present Vaccinations Of
revolution, and his government may chance to
be neither very long nor very peaceful ono.
Besides, there are indications of trouble with
Ecuador and these Colombian States. Mosquera
has invited the Ecuadorenos to join the new
cenfederaoy-an Invitation they have not
thought proper to accept though il was made
many months ago. Mosquera was greatly in
censed at this independent spirit of Ecuador,
and promised that as soon as the war he had
on hand was disposed of he would take
up the case Of Ecuador. aud compel
that republic, per fas ct nefas, to join
the new confederacy. In view Of such
contingency, Ecuador has been steadily arm
ing for the defence of her territory. which the
government is determined to defend to the
last extremity. So that if Mosquera be inclined
to carry out his promise we may expect warm
work in the borders of these two republics.
Tho other governments, if they can properly
be so called, are all in chaotic condition, or
passing through transition from bad to worse.
Costa RIGA, Nicaragua, Honduras. Guatemala
and the still smaller States are gradually fall
ing into ruin, and nothing but the presence Of
some active and overshadowiug power can
arouse them from their lethargy. Of all the
Spanish American republics Peru is the only
one that exhibits anything like national vital
ty and progressiveness. Bad laws bad admin.
istrators, party spirit and the constant dread
of revolution keep these unfortunate countries
in a state of continual anarchy. and impede the
glorious destiny which. under other auspices,
would be secured to them.
In the case OF Mexico we have already seen
what has been the result OF protracted civil
strife and disorder. After forty years Of
slaughter and devastation, during which the
soil Of the country has been watered with the
blood of her sons, the whole of that vast country,
with its mineral wealth of untold millions,
has fallen into the hands of the French invader,
of the Mexicans, caused by their intestine
wars and the gigantic rebellion now occupying
the attention of the United States, would never
have dared to set his foot upon any part Of this
continent otherwise than in friendship. In all
these things. however, we see clearly where the
end must be. The disorganized and revolu.
tionary republics Of Central and South America
are unable to protect themselves against the
assaults of such Power NJ France, whose evil
dent design is gradually to swallow up all
these small republics as soon as Mexico is pro-
perly disposed Of But the governments of
Europe may as we'll be at once convinced that
the United States will never permit such
programme TO be carried into effect We are
the natural protectors of the weaker republics
on this continent, and We have the will and the
means, and we will very soon have the oppor-
tunity, Of expelling all foreign pretensions to
government in America. The uawise action Of
France will hasten this decision on our part;
for not only must the French 60 out Of Mexico