New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1863-10-02
S--,rUCAL.rEyDER NOTE CASE.
opiniou of Judge vyro. Il. Wright

~ 'l+o =, % ~, Sero,ion ard decision Of siNee
6uestion; but perhaps, or mere ~ I,-sss than
80, . 49, sisonssrl in the courts Of tne So
ithOuch not The ultimate tfihuna on , fnfv fo ex
eecidne IL involved s not VIC re f tho respousi
anime and consider il viii de'l se"'' ~
fIify nvoi, cd in it ceciscn c.s an the osth Feb
Tis Congress vi the UDi''O = ,les OF 90. ~ np.hor.
yu.ry ls62 pressed an acs efiieu - tr No rcior,p
i,,s ~ limited Ststes votes arc lo ue
e., and fundinc thereof, ana loI iu,..s a. l,r-e
a., az ths United states" a. ; stsln,.s Nv - So
cent o. We AZ" act rutlor,cd The Secretary OF Ae
relssnrv 10 Issue TIE credit OF we enleu SS's
one hundred and fy millions OF GU, hcrer a. the
,S,-r NJ Tie United States. aud oi such Nonohlha'
To-. as he N n. deem c,rcdeit not less tbS' ~ cor
saoch II vas provided that tie notes sh@Ii We TO-
ceivable IN payment of al taxes internal uu',Se
t!eb:s and demands u every kind cue 70 tne on'es
States except duties on mIpis aliq OF al Siaus ~
demands against TOE United states Of every Aild Nha,
soeye~ excep. for interest upon bones and notes Sics
sian be PAID in coin aad shall else be Lawful money ai
ecal tender in payment Vi all debts, pubhc and M
xaic within the United States except cutes on imports
and interest Aforesaid IRE act contained iu'
provision the funding Of the treasury notes ana Ibe
Aoatinc debt OF the United States b! The lsrc - coupon
touGs Or registered s0nds 10 tie ahlean' o.
redsOms 1ie TIRE pleasure OF the tDted States nlI
I'VE years aud p.yses tsesly yenls no' p %r, e
Saya able sem annually. IL is thus seen lit The qHau
6fncEcy rp0Ttsd 10 tic trc~S,! notes eutnolle9
10 be is ned the! soie made is5ai lente4 ~ l!
mon; o. all debts pO6c and private. within the United
States except iOT duties on inpo.is o1o interest Oh
United States bonds and notes 800
-
Thai are oscillations organized under the Genera Bor
ing llw Of the STATE ecfoIrly icnscd' - demand o.
Tie holder thereof iorodsm ono Of thci e.rcriaun;
notes the denomination Of ten dollars IN gol1 OF ~
ser coin of the uneo Sta.es, but c4eA ttiOel,d 10
such holders Tres uIy note Of iAe ceAorlnsuon o.
ten dollars Issued uioeT Ie authority 81 the se Of
FEB - le6- and Tor a le.al redemption sLd pay-
Inent If .he circulating ncios resPecurry Issued uy
Them. The bank notes were protested Tor non 20! eAI
H. cod OF silver and the notes ad protest lcr'oi
fed H. tbs o&ee OF tie l"gAicrdcnt e. the bs'Irg
Department wDo ga notice 10 the banks 70 pay t"c
eale The general banking !ss n kes y the drsy o.
fhe SHpc intc aceHt IL case g. deu .! tAe cfhk- u
roGceni lnci Circulating Dctes IL lawful none! % te
IviteC States 10 sel 90 sioe4s o. ust lahes u NJ
tanGs g.ng ~ TIE bAiks icf ttI Recon On
App.ehendng that tie Superintendent YOU'D iase
sHca preceding on tle ground thsi TIE pia!stil'
Rad .ai.et upon isf-l demand 10 rNcen
sheir oircuia,. notes IN re lawful money Of
the Uniled States. t.e B,uks ard iae' : qeln'
tendent upon ag.eod or. submit to tie count te
questions vi ether the act Of Congress approved Zen
g lsc2 Is copsgtuiioAai and valid aEd ulso whether
ste refusal Of the Plaintiffs % redeem theT notes
On demand in tAe god OF silver coin Of tie
United States and their oaE 10 redeem their notes n
the notes Of equal denominations Issued AZ 10ffNd p,
suihOry CT Congress. was f.ilnTe Or ielus4 10 ne
deem tier notes Ia tie laHIui none! y, we oAlel
A6ates TIE Court OF tie opinion n tie act is
co.sttutiOnc and that tie llauil> Cfrrt0 io redeem
tLeir notes IL the lawful moley OF tie Ciiicd Sftes
then Judgment be elteI,G res.sa.il.g tc ~ PSF
tDtencent iIom taxing any se.s toward tececiit any
Of TIE notes Of the p!sIils IN eases EA,e t-c Aa'
offered 10 redeem Ia the al tender notes OF tie United
6tates. Butn the Court sLoud be o. tie opioa ih.i
sbg sct is unconstitutional and that icins O. redeem
l
to redeem u tie s|ilI IJte! u LAs ' stHe- l.oN
iudgmeu. to be entered d.suissi the complaint
Tie second case Nas 4sO submitted. The iacts ere
these: In August lr5i TIE Ge.t .usnt !o"hee -
Samuel Bowen tie Of Sstlq eld Bowen enecniea
ano delivered him lis Ooid c0adlllonec !o1 the p.
v,ent thereof viii Interest halileGlv o. tie @3l a.
August. ls57 as further security Bowen e-ecuica
smOltgaee on certain lea estate ~ hclmorc Comfy
On ling the loan TO Bowen. tie defendant gave I'm
his check FOR s 90 the ca ric Lalk IN &c CT!
Of New-YoTt, rayahe u god %, tie oIton o. Bowen
TIE plaintiff May le6l, became the owner IN fee Of
the llOrtgageG premises ehc assumed TIE lynel o.
tbe mort gage. In June lct borg GasruGs % Paying
and Gischargirg the noItregc lie rendered TO tle
PENDANT o. g. ic oeng tie amount OF pIireipAl
and interest in 81 The United Stsies isss.a under
DE ae OF FEB - 1852 The defendant refused tie ssne
rs tender claimed at the repayment shsuld Be
.naie In gold q United States as being the
roney which the loan made Ii was then nereec
that the defendant Should receive the ssid SIN o.
O. 40 IA United states notes cou6itlonaiv. ana ia,
question be submitted d court having Jurisdiction
whether they were legal tender IN payment y
the IpotrGge debt and interest. II the court sloI!t
decide tAat they lego tender IL pay Aeii arc
discharge q the bond and mortgage, thea tho u@esa
BIT to deliver Up the mrislge and dacisIss E'
Of record; bit the court should Oecl1c that th'
Treasury notes were not legal ence u pa ment o. tL'
mortgage DEBT then the plaintiff vas 70 pa! 10 III DC
fendant tie further sun o Ell r. beng tne ait,f
between the MARKET VG1e o. tie notes AID goo
coin Of the United States the lA June l-C~ tpcf
these facts, the ine question submitted wa We've
the notes " the Ialtec STATES Nkai telQf on Ut
part Of the plaintiff
There a,e minor questions IN each csse but the par
amount one, coamOn 70 ape decisive Of bo'h cases.
I.
the law Of the 2JA February lsCs That act declare
IL &c. Us thai Issued should be laSi IAolel
and legal tender IN payment Of a. debts pubAc ah'
private except dues Oh imports end Interest on ne'
btaies secures II Congress couc authorize tie issui
o. the with the properties implrcd u then b
the law IL cCncnaivey determines The ctaes agaN'
TIE defendants. The Obligation q the banls wee TO r.
deem their Circulating poies ~ &c laVi1! none! o
the United States and II the United States LO.e
sBOb laWfuI money, and e Legal tender IN pay
ueDt and discharge q Tie mO;tgheccs deOi lu The sec
oud case the mortgages not entitled T. recover ~
difference between lie market value OF tie notes anl
god coin
Tie Government OF The United States Il need
hardly again BE- repeated Is one Of eulofltcd ro~eT
1ts powers ais hmitfs but within tlsI scope sLt
it's slhere OF ectOL 4 "a 81 n me. LmGralAR nom TIC
peore all tue powers gTaated 20 be exercised d
Yecty upon them. and state such can conlo. its
operations. Inc Government WIS llso meant o. Dc pcf
petusL and he powers with which II was invested were
admirably ntteQ " maintain pItse4tc aid Ge-eDd TIC
national existence. al the Attributes 81 sovereignty 70
be exefciaed by nation, ~ Ieecs u IN war foi !nruT'
aDg domestic tranquility, oYleLs Tor Tie common dc-
Tense. promoting Tie general welfare. and securing 10
blessings OF liberty forever. were expressly or miedy
granted Ia tie great ordnance 81 Government Mani
fesy tie ff3meTs " the Constitution. cDd fhe people
who adopted H. did aot put forth tie instrument m tie
language % Chief Justice MarsIHl- "a splendid
baulIe" bat a governmental creation, efficiently en-
oOEed with al TIE powers and capacities 10 elect tho
ends and purposes .. s being. L. general sense the
Government thus cTeatcd QOeh not possess OnnpO-
teuce equal 20 that Of Tie Parliament Of Great Britain
but H. respect vi oil tie suJccts Of legislation spec
cally enumerated and Deces.aJy Implied where there
IA no expfess prohibition or restriction upon Us oier
cisel complete sovereign legislative power wat de.
signCC Bo and 10 conferred upon COngTets ana that
body think pOs5estes an ofDLIpOleHce ~ iuese uhSs
equal to that possessed BY TIE LTtsh Parliament or
any other supreme legislative tOd!. Inc powers ~
pTessJ conferred IN order 20 constitute ana Ieic,Aate
lae nation, are unlimited Ia ever! particular.
Among the ,yeched pow ers are tnefc; let to iy ira
collect ta1es duties. rnposts ana e1cses 70 pay lle