davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22
NEWS NEWS OF WEEK

The riot in New York City continued with
increased strength and numbers up to Friday
last. Since them all has been quiet in the
city and business has been generally resumed
The action Of the New York City Council in
appropriating 50. 500, 900 for the use of poor
men to- pay the $500 as the price of exemp-
tion, undoubtedly had a great effect in quiet
ing a poruIace maddeped by tn. repeated out
RACES committed, AID attempted to be commit
ted upon them This action of the city coun-
ell places the poor upon an equality with the
rich, and if a poor man IL drafted, who does
not wish to be led to the slaughter, he has bu-
to call upon, the. city council and get them to
give $500, that. has heen3or will be collected
framo the rich, TO the ad miDistration.t 81 slpf
During the riot, the loss of life and proper
ty was considerable. Probably not less than
$50 were killed, including citizens, soldiers,
police and negroes. The loss of property by
fire, &c., is estimated at $500, 600. The PEG
pie had it nearly all their own way and seem
only t., have dispersed when they had accom-
plished their object, IS .ss5stsaj ~ ,ts
There was also a show of resistance made
to the CONSUMPTION in Boston, Mass. A mum
Der of the police. were. wounded and four or
Eve citizens killed. At last accounts the PEG,
pie had dispersed. Riotous demonstrations,
caused by the CONSUMPTION, were also made in
Newark, NJ j. Troy, N. Y, Hartford, Conn,
and other places, In Buffalo the drafting has
been postponed until enough soldiers can be
gathered there to protect the hides of Abra-
hams officials. At Troy the Office of the Troy
Times was sutted and demolished. How oft
en- has its editor gloated over the destruction
Of Democratic newspaper Offices q g ks&
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22

ministration why is.he removed. Facts are
leaking out going to show that the latfIe at
Gettysburg If not a Federal d,feat was not
much Of a victory The Confederates persist
IN elaiming 4 great victory, and IL Meade Is
removedit Will look very strongly that way
A special dispatch to the Mercury states
that the entire army is back in Virginia.
The enemy is still 10 the great valley Of Vir-
ginis, moving down to Chester and Thornton
Gaps for GuIpepper. They have declined to
come through the upper Gaps TO lthfeaten
Washington, and keep the Blue Ridge between
themselves and our army
4 There is no prospect. of q collision for many
days.
A dispatch in the Baltimore Americdn of
yesterday confirms the statement that our ar
my is al again beyond the Potomac.
On Saturday afternoon the forces of Gen.
Morgan we're over,akep an surrounded by
those Of Gems Hobson and Judah. Nor
gan broke up his commandbint into mail squads.
One squad attempting to ford the river was
defeated with a loss of about $50 and their
cannon captured. About 1900 of his ME n
have thus far been captured among them
Col. Dick Morgan brother OF Gen Morgan
Gen rai Morgan himself has probably es-
capped.
The Poles havo recently gained consider
BILE advantages in battle over the Hussianal
IN one nsns = apesacn"s1s "a tine russians
WINS QUITO pieces: EOS ZaaE 1sa
Inc te'esrapn CLAIMS that there lsa strong
movement on loot IN North OarolIna to restore
that Stste to the Union
There is nothing definitely known sbout
Lees army. He is making his way to Culpep-
per or GordonsviIle with speed satks
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22
The Coming DRAFT.

We extract the following from New York
World of the 7th inst. -
It is announced that by order from the
President the draft will be made Immediately
in Massachusetts, aud Rhode Island, whence
the inference is obvious that the conscription
will be enforced in all the loyal States when
the enrolment is as complete as it was in
those States. The number to be drawn in
Rhode Island is 1880, to which fifty per cent!
is added for exemptions this would make the
proportion of the conscripts to the whole pop
ulation of the State (females and children in
cIuded) as / to 40,41, or in other words, about
one person in every 4os will be drafted. Ia
king this as a basis of calculation, the number
of men that viii be called for from the New
England States (Maryland ~excepted) will be
as follows at
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22
vALLAND1GMAM IN CANADA. ;.
Address to the DemOc-
.te 53f. Eacy! m

Hon. C.sL,sVALLANDIGHAM, the eri7e, and
Democratic candidate for Governor of Ohio.
is now in Canada, at the Clifton House, near
Niagara Falls. He is there receiving that pro-
t%ectiou of his person and rights under a mon
orchy, which was denied him under the gov
eminent of his own country, claiming to be
free. We publish in this weeks paper his
address to the Democracy of Ohio accepting
the nomination for Governor. It is a bold,
manly, straight forward document, worthy of
the man and worthy of the holy and glorious
cause ia which the Democratic party is now
engaged. 1850
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22
ASHLAND COUNT PR 0BATE
COURT


The following Executors. Administrators and
Guardians have filled in the Probate Court of Ash
land county their accounts for sc t~tiements to-wit :
Final Acct of John r. Riddle. Executor of Mi
chael Riddle, decd
II slgstsi2 Daniel KespS Executor & Ja-
81 John Bryte Executor of Cath
a 5 arine Shelter, sdee'daa
- Asenath Maun, Execufrix Of
George Maun, decd =
" Samuel Hilderbrand, Executor
of Alexander Carnagey. decd.
q" JolneBysrs: Executor of Thorn
staH tga eHiseas Smith. dec d.4sf1N
Partial Acct of Daniel Carter. Z Admir- of David Car.
Z fsftF ast IL ter. dec'd.o& 4ssI4s sti8l
atF " Robert Noble, Adm'r de bonis
20 e4s non with will nnexed of Fe-
l8s ser nix Kelly dee,ds 5fd
/" Samuel H;ldebrand, Admir-
of William Smith, decd.
" JohnJ. jacobs, Admir- Of John
Jacobs, decd.
Final Acct cf Matthias. Smalleyc admir- of Alsxan-
t}G ;h5SiFSSi ri der Miller, dec'd.S
Ephraim WEIGH. Admir- of VIII
liam McAdoo, decd
JuliaA. Smith, Admrx, Of ia
II .tfsn 70 q f49saf oobgT. Smith, deead-
Is - ! gJamfs K.aOlixer, and Isaac
asEzEsaf - s1stS s.. Ayers, Admfs of1saac n
- Ayers, deco.
ID ~. = Elias Ford snd Iohq Bryte,
hsHe Admr's Of Henry Dickson,
3se.9 g Ssssssssnu.ss eqsn..ly
.$z5 GreenlunlE Adnrxi q Peter
Greenfun. @dee'd.e
ia Peter G~ongaway, Adm'r Of
- q John Gs4gaway, Aesd.f
fPartiaf Acct OF william Ralston, Guard Of Henry
9ais5esas asfsfsasVanti1burgs
Final Acct offs. P. Meng. Guard of william II.
toF ar - zi4tsf TIE. Meng.
h as ss5sii af"Iz David whistler. Guhfdo f Abra-
mnfa7eazsy s ham and Susaanah Wefy.
azH Fl zssas I" keJohns P.stStentz, Guard Of
&iAJohnwC- Stentzs aaa 47rs
And the same win be for hearingin said Court on
Friday the 9Th day, of Augusta. D. 1868, at 10
o'clockAs n. EkEE& EG&
| July 9th, 1883. IS D,.J0NES.s
sss4o sil fnoHATn sgPeAs
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22

In the above table the second column of
figures gives the number of men to be drafted,
and the last column the actual number wanted
for the service after; allowing fifty per cent.
for exemptions. s2
The following is from the Ford of the 9Th
inst, : fs w sa
Tt seems to be settled that the Administra-
ton is determined to put three hundred thous-
AM fresh troops Immediately into the field
The machinery of the draft is all ready, and
the number required can be raised by the 1st
of August, and in the field ready for active
service blythe LIST Of September. The draw
ing willstake place to day in Massachusetts,
and Rhode Island, and will probably com
menee in this State early next week 81
1t will strike most people as strange that
the Administration should have neglected to
draft when ityhad such a grieyous need of ar
mics, and that now, when wise craftsmanship
should be eompetent5toa settle our difficulties,
it should determine 20 call for an immense
levy. However, it always did have an unhap-
DIV knock of doing a wrong thing at the wrong.
;ime. But the Times Of yesterday suggests a
theory which may account for three hundred
thousand men, II says: cue sea
The question is, which of two systems of
government, differing as regards the position
they may assign to the people, and the value
they attach to manhood, aud as to the great
ideas of society, of government and of human
progress, which they recognize, wide as the
piles assunder, shall prevail over a Continent
which in fifty years will! %cantain a population
Of one hundred million. No one who keeps
this in his mind is likely to look upon Meade's
victory as anything but one step more toward
the annfhilafion Of the Confederate organiza-
ton. SOFT must be vigorously followed up on
Southern soil. 81
IF it is the intention of the Administrator
to carry out this programme and compel an
identity of Institutions North and South, the
war has only just begun, and, instead of 300
600, 100000 men are at once needed.
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22
Action of New york Council.

On Wednesday, the Common Council OF
New York City met in extra session, and pass
ed an ordinance appropriatinga two million
five hundred thousand dollars for the payment
of the three hundred dollar exemption. By
the ordinance each man who is unabl, to pay
the three hundred dollars, is 20 receive it from
this fund, Ifthe person drafted afterwards
volunteers to serve three years, the $500 is
to go to his family, and MOTTO the government.
The act passed unanimously. 2
The Council also instructed the Corporation
Attorney to take measures to test the consti-
tutionality Of the conscript law.
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22

COOP FOR THE Press AND LEADE OF
BRYAN, WILLIAMS COUNTY. O.-The Press
and Leader is the Democratic paper of Will
liams county, but cannot go the traitor Vaflan
digham for Governor of the loyal State of
Ohio. He has run up and nailed TO the mast
head the Union Ticket with the name of John
Brough as his standard bearer for Governor of
Ohio.
s@- We cut the above from the Ashland
Times of last week. The Press and Leader
is not and ncver toas a Democratic paper. 1t
has always been an Abolition PAPER. It new
~clain,ed to be Democratic. The Bryan Dem
ocrat is the organ of the Democracy. of Will
liams County, and. has been for years The
whole statement is as bare faced a falsehood
as it would be to state that the Ashland
Times orSNew York Tribune were Democratic
papers. The editor of the Press and Leader
has been an ,Aholitionist of the Garrison school
for twenty years, and in his paper for years
endorsed the sentiment that 'the Constitution
is a covenant with He'll and a league with the
Devil" AL that class Of men support John,
Brough. You can't make any political capt.
tai out of as transparent a falsehood as that.
The fellow that told you that yarn "sold' you
rather strong.
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22
NEWS OF THIS WEEK.

The dispatches ef Saturday last, indicated
that there was no danger of further trouble in
New York City. This does not seem to be
the case. There has been but little trouble
since hat large numbers of troops are arriving
in the city. % auf8aai +,
The prisoners captured in the city are thir
ty in number
Tt is not positively known when drafting
will commence. bnt it is intimated that when
it does Government will have not less than
35, 900 troops in New York.
The Tribune's Washington dispatch states
that several thousand prisoners en- route for
New York were located south of that city to
prevent the mob from being reinforced there
from. ats tts{5i stTtsNesg
The Herald's correspondent gives the fol-
lowing account of the second days f shting on
Morris Island, on the morning of the 18th of
July: a : agA.tif ssi f8 ia58
The 9Th Conn and 9th Me. made a furious
attack upon the Cummings PORT Battery, got
possession of it, and hoisted the American flag.
At daylight Fort Sumpter opened upon them,
when. a Pennsylvania regiment fcowardiy de-
serted them, refusing to stand by their com
rades..s The other regiments held the Battery
until they were badly cut up, and then eban-
doned it, and the rebels again took possessions
of it. These two regiments have shown them
selves heroes in this campaisn.aa - ~
AT f0sA M.lthe Monitors proceeded to att
tack Cummings Point Battery, and at 12
O'Clock three of the wooden gunboats opened
o. The Battery at long range, and threw three
300-ppund shot directly into the ,wnks.
The Solicitor of the war Department has
published the following: ag 30
OPP. sIoN-A,p person drafted into the mill
tary service of the United States, under the
provisions of the act Of March Sd, 1868 chap
ter Is. for enrolling ana calling outGthe ma
tional forces, aud for other purposes, claiming
t exemption from draft by reason of any disa-
bility, as provided in said Act, has the right
to have the. question of his disability submit
ted to and passed upon by the, Board of En-
rollment, whose decision thereon is final. u
If the Board shall have decided that the
claimant is liable to serve, be has the right
after, such decision to pay his communication
money, or to furnish his. substitute, within
sucn eAeenueV time as may De nxeu oy Tug
Board Of Enrolment for his appearance for
duty. -
fsigasd, 9at WIN. WHITING,
Is d,i7 Solicitor Of. War Department.
Rumors are very prevalent that Gen. Meade
viii beremoved from the command Of the
Army, of the Potomac and Gen. Grant placed
in his stead. If Meade had gained such a
victory over Lee as was claimed by The Adj
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22

psA-Let every man remember, that the
Commandment of the Department Of Indiana,
says of the Loyal Leagues: ss} 81
aaThey are a constant source, of dread and
mistrust--they divide and provoke hostility
among ~neighbors, weaken the dignity and
power of Courts of justice, expose the coun-
try to martial law, and discourage the people
from enlisting in defense of the nation"
> This emsnates from the ''Govcrnment."-
What do the loyal Ieaguers think of itS
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22
A Mysterfous Draft.

The draft, which commences in this CITY to-
day and which is about to be enforced all over
the North, promises to be a very mysterious
business. Instead of ordering a general con-
scription, and publicly apportioning the quotas
to the several States, the Administration has
privately notified the several District PROVOST
Marshals, and the drafting has been begun
without the knowledge or information of the
public. We believe this secret way of doing
business is common in Russia or Austria, but
it is quite new in this free country.
So far we have no assurance that it is to be
an equal CONSUMPTION. From the number act
ually drafted from Massachusetts, and Rhode
Island, it would seem that the call was for
100000 men ; but the number required of the
counties of Warren and Esscx is a basis of
100000 According to the Tribune. the mum
Der New York city must raise is 26, 600, and
Broo Ign 10000, which is conscripting at the
rate of SOC, 900 for the whole North. Can it
be hat the Administrator has so much more
confidence in New York coppe-heads than
New England Republicans that it calls fer
more CT the former, than the latter This is
really a serious matter, and in the absence of
any official announcement by the Government
of the number of men it requires, how do we
know but what the secret instructions of the
Provost Marshals are TO conscript heavily in
the Democratic Districts and lightly in the
Republican districts T
OF course it is incredible that they should
do this injustice butthe secrecy which marks
the machinery efthe draft natnariIy- excites
comment and uneasiness. A Secretary of War
who, on an occasion of great national rejoicing
from victories won, il small souled enough and
prejudiced enough to malign the majority of
his fellow citizens and apply to them an oppro
brious epithei, as Mr.. Stanton did at a sere-
made the other evening, is equal to any injus-
tice toward the people he dislikes. President
Lincoln has issued a number of unnecessary
and mischieyous proclamations but we think
one on this subject is very much needed o
avoid misapprehensions.-New York World
of last Saturday.
"a The same mystery seems to govern the
proposed draft in Ohio. No statement is
made of the number of men required from any
county or district, and this very fact shows
that it IS not intended to draft justly or equal
IT,. IF such a programme is carried out, we
warn the officials that trouble will come. The
people aoiU not submit, to an arrangement by
which a few minions,-miserable servile tools
of an Infamous tyrant whose hands are red
with the blood of hundreds of thousands OF
his fellow countrymcn,-can, in secret coun-
Gil, by fraud, select who cf their neighbors
shall be dragged from home, and under such
butchers as Hooker, Burnside. Pope. and 9th.
ers, be led to bootless slaughter.
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22

b M- The white walnut bushes are said to be
unusually full of butterauts this year. That
is g good sign. Black snakes are very scarce.
Another good sign.
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22
The Draft i'm wayne county.

We do not know when the draft will be en-
forced in this county. We understand that
Mr.. Drake has not yet received any order to
proceed with it but he is getting everything
in readiness IN anticipation of receiving such
an order soon. We don't believe it will take
place before next week. rs1ea
bas@- We cut the above from the Wayne
County Democrat Of last week. 1t is under
stood, we believe, that the drafting for all the
counties of this Congressional district is to
take place at Wooster. Cleveland papers
state that in all places due notice will be Civ
Ell; of the time and place of making the draft.
The people are entitlsd to know this, and we
do not think any other course would be safe.
The people will not submit to a secret star
chamber arrangement by which the officers of
the government may report as drafted aohoeuer
they please. Get your shoulder strapped gentry
ready in sufficient force to protect your pre-
Icious hides and then let the people krow.
fLATER.-We are informed that the draft
commenced at Wooster yesterday. ~.
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22

@-Tte Wooste,:: Pepubzicaa q short time ago
contained a lying sensation article about4re-
sistance to the arrest of a deserter at Jerome
vile. The article is a Tie all over No such
thing as stated took place. No man said a
word or raised, a hand against the. officer, but
he, poor idiot, for the sake of getting his name
in the papers, started the lie himself. He
arrested a man who afterwards, without the
presence or assistance Of any one, save per-
haps a lady who attracted the attention of the
officer for a few minutes, just quietly walked
away and left him NO men at The time were
within a mile of them. We have these facts
from undoubted authority, and as the editor
Of the Republican has been imposed upon, he
should make the corrections. 81 10 oat.
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22
From the sed Regiment.


The following is a complete list of the kill
ed, wounded and missing of the SD o ". l.
excepting Co. L, which was mis,aid,-in the
late engagement at Gettysburg, Pa. .ai
Compary4
Capt J B Mcconnell, wounded in breast
Lieut. Geo B Fry, wounded in left side ; Geo
Canaan, wounded left side; Abner Williams.
wounded in ankle; Chas Craft, wounded left
side P Anderson, wounded arm Ben Cole,
missing VIM Cooper, in loin; Amos Cooper,
in; heel john Garst, in arm James English
in head; Patrick Heating, missing s Kill
Tough, wounded Wesley Kri!er, thigh; John
Latimore, killed Isaac Richards, head and
shoulder ; Sam Wiley, missing. .4
v3i1o prs Company B. -
Capt JsW Dickson, wounded in arm Lieut.
Goodin, prisoner; Surgt Smith, wounded j
linger, leg; s r Oalvin, missing; Ham Rus
sell, missing ; JenthW est missing Francis
NJ. Ben on, missing Jno NJ Delema ter, miss
ing. rs i',s 7-3g41fis ieasfifi 80 ~
- 'ai.s Company c.. = .-ft9o
E L Ross, killed f III Blougb, killed 10
,seph Dye, wounded John Granner, wounded;
Bowling Baker, wounded John e Kirby,
wounded; Geo Campoell, wounded ; jacob
Callahan, wounded; Geo A Breckenridse,
wounded J F sDicus, wounded + a Bush
ong, wounded A d Snider, wounded Lieut.
G. w Notary. wounded L NJ Davis, wound
ed John Boon, missing; L b LantzenhiseI,
wounded; Jno Bradford, wounded Henry
Roose. wounded Jno salzers, wounded.
.Ts Company D. LTD
Lieut. H Jacoby, killed /; Fl seirs, right leg;
M Baltzly, wounded /; NJ W Carpenter, woun-
ded; NJ Leffler, leg G Ditsch, leg; NJ Ja-
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22
WI M. WHITING.

- GfIN IaTao uIIcItUr OF HHE DepartHeut.
81 Rumors are very prevalent thatGen. Meade
will be removed from the command Of the
Arm. of the Potomac and Gen. Grant placed
in his stead: II Meade had gained such a
victory over Lee as was claimed by The Adj
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22

THAI AYE q MUtn
Il ~ IL
&c &c
" "
= .tfG1 70 81 4 G
-
IA sd9t
ozf Ill t0 4
tjssHd
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22

The following is a complete list of the kill
ed, wounded and missing of the SD o. ". L.
excepting Co. L, which was mislaid,-in the
late engagement at Gettysburg, Pa. aa
The Ashland union. [volume] (Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio) 1854-1868, 1863-07-22

The following Executors. administrators and
Guardians have filed in the Probate Court of Ash
Final Acct of John r. Riddle Executor of Mi
chael Riddle dec,d
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1863-10-31

-.~Nscsys
oet97d NJ. w. wEsTCoTT.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1863-10-31
* .gOTICE.

tnsEld under the nan q
ltsIes eenporIle- Of TIE
t-, CO. 90 < from 20 -
ste Disguised - Amaze CT
ause G- will continue 20
sei1 tund $50 cie the
IS lA sas en- j. KEPT
rce o. Aics Loilc StImui=uts
ef4r Liquor created and
lie h3g rors atten NaAtGp-
M
will have 4 Liquor Bitters
oct Cue EoilIe of
sand mix vii. three quarts
en-, Abd Use rr,a4t wall b- a
Ngci la nled,cta / vtttues
TIE ucerugs Liquor Bit,ers
Eineh leSs. YoG Will haze
+, EllterS eetion WITH
a. much less price than
MIii cost YOU.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1863-10-31

second cxuunuge, SIDE, east OF tne -
Dsning House. Terms easA. -
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1863-10-31
MAN BrrTERs

| article. but have stood
ky the American ub.ic
E are Eoi rivalied by any
roprietors have thousands
srni
., Ply sieians, and
ems,
-sonai knowledge. 10 The
virtues % ihese biiters.
z to strength en- you?
Appetite p!
? your Constitution?
Ell /?
d of Nervousness ?
F.?
well !?
I'D vigorous feeling?
rs GERMAN BITTERs.
b. D.. Editor ~ tAe Essy-
oas kNoxiscEo.
aver ur recommend Psten
Igh distrast q lhelr ingre-
w Of no SC astieni reasons
D The benefits tie believes
ia any .iulIle preparation
scoEiflbute 20 tie benefit
in regarj N Hoofand' 5
Nv Ir. &. N. JaeF son, OF
s1Gaic,d against thsn tor
tsstun ihs they were chief
am indebtedlo my friend
Dr. he rem 5sal or this pre-
ter uncua Eeat to Try
r-4taad ioEr confined Dr.
tlsQ ihess b.ter=. az the
a, ~ foi 20 rs csicAni
exree 81 tcci ; ana utEte
~ -l E0lt4- " Sore, sl-
ne ita.re lie .hank
aBte u 20 .tie usr 81 them
,. NEWTON BaC o \.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1863-10-31
boil or bad Whisky +!

. diseases in ninty-nine
hundred.
sle ard universal popu-
BifteTs tpurels ' sst&ble)
unscrseulous sdvepturers
luulauisy the food rates OF
or vhiskey. vileiy com
., and ehristened TONES,
array Of Alcoholic pre-
les, and big beili,d \ q,
OF Bi,te's which instead
,ase aud leave the disap-