davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08
Afrn~t of GOyEyAOr Tod,


Governor Tol WAS arresterf-yesterd AZ
pril 8, by the Sheriff OF Fairfield county, on
warrant issued from the Court Of Common
Pleas of that county. Tho warrant required
the Sheriff to produce the body OF the Gov,
ernor before the Fairfield Court to day, April
4, to answer to an Indictment for Kidnapping
or aiding in Kidnapping citiz;n Of that
county.
Upon his arrest the Governor, though he
had suspended the haJeas corpus in the case
Of other Ohio citizens. applied to Ju1ge ot
the Supreme Court for allowance of the writ
in his own case The Judge allowed the
writ the Governor was taken before him by
the Sheriff, and released upon giving bail,
with the State Auditor Taylor and State
Senator Quinby as his s,curetios .Gta.sman
4h inst.
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08

TINE several Township Assessors OF Harri-
L. son co%aty, OHIO elacted Oh th7 first Mon
day of April A. D. 1858, are hereby notified
to meet tunless oihsrw ise instructedl al the
Auditors office in Cadiz, on the second Mon
day in April tbeing the 18th day OF said month";
for the purpose of receiving the blanks, return
books and instructions for the assessment Of
the personal property of said comfy.
The Assessors are, also, at the time of meet
ing, required to produce to the Audi tor, from
their respective Township Clerks, certificates
Of election, having -lven bond and taken oath
Of ofce as required by law
SAMUEl. KNOX, Auditor,
Auditors Office, Cadiz, March 25, 1863.
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08

? = or Subscribers ifndipg his mark I on he
ssqygiR Of their paper, may knob tlat he
time for ,ehtch they haus paid their subscription
to he Sentinel is about tsPirng. 577ley are
requested to.remit as soon as thy see elis marx
/, a. no pqpsrs are sent froos he 6lfes snhl nt
paid jor.-[J y!i,7sgge 'Issigo,ga e,l ~.
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08

In removing our office our
foremla, W. II. Arnold, hrd the mis-
fortune to have two Of his fingers
mp5h,l; in consequence Of which we
have h4l to devote our time in setting
type, working press, &c. As we had
to d. his work, W. imposed upon him
the labor of citing the p'per this
week.
A, he his showa him'clf to be SO
we'll suitcl to edit Domocr ltic pa
per, We have determined to hive him
assist us in editing and publishin g the
. Sentinel in the future.
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08

REsIGNED.- Lieut.. Smith, OF Co. II 1876 h
Ohio resigned, on account Of bad health, and
arrived homs on last Saturday.
Lieut.. King, Of company A. same Regi-
ment, has also resigned on account Of bad
health R publican. ,... ......
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08

ngy McFadden & Co., have remov-
cd their store from the room in Wm.
bodybuilding, which they have oc-
cupicd for the past year, to their new
and splendid room in the new building
they have erected ON the site of their
old store room. Their new room pre-
sents a splendid appearance.
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08
MOWER AND REAPER.

A S successor to the late firm of George g.
n Wilson, have the Agency for the sale
counties of jefferson, Harrison and Relmt mt.
am now prepared to furnish all who may or
der at an early day. Those who DELAY order
ing until late in the season will, in all proba.
bility be Disappointed las at least flly we're
last seasonl The immense popularity OF these
HarResters makes it impossible for The manu-.
facturers to supply the demand. No pay or
mcte lequired Until the purchaser has tried and
found his mnchine satisfactory r......,....
Cash price Buckeye Mower Si20, 90
u Buckeye Jr, -A4 96 90
The purchaser in all cases pays tbs freight
from the s6op rrfE75E~3 ral tE..
Ms w. w. WILSON.
Cadi2, March 25, 1853. .,r
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08
20 Teachers.

The, only meeting of the Board Of
School Examiners before August next
will be an Examination at Cadiz, on
Saturday, April 25th. ,...,,
.tr = t' -------zs - <----- --------I Z r. ' 4
Ry See the card Of DR.. Fleming
in another column. aa
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08

akay=Wc we're not able to be present
at the Abolition meeting on last Sat-
urday. A gentleman who was press
cat from the beginning to the close Of
the meeting, has furnished us cors
rect report Of thc proceedings, which
wi! be found in another column. ls
Cona lering the favorable weather,
the free dinner that was offered to all
who would come to town ON that day,
the regular running Of the trains on
the Branch aud the extraordinary ef-
forts to get7up large meeting, it was
certainly great failure in point of
numbers and enthusiasm. AS large a
crowd can be seen in Caliz on any or
dinary Saturday.
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08

EsgA Our office is now removed to
the frame building, a few doors west of
B5all's Drug Store, where We shall be
pleased to see our friends when they
are in town.
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08

AT HoME.-Hon. John A. Bing-
ham, Ex- Congressman from this dis
trict, arrived at his home, in Cadiz, on
last Friday evening. He has been G.
accted to stay at home. We are glad
to see him in good health. The Ad-
ninistration has had him stumping
New Hampshire and Connecticut du-
ring the past month. a
gA- The 10th Ohio Regiment, now
stationed at Martinsburgh, Va, has at
last been paid off. They should have
been paid long ago, and we presume
they would have been, had the proper
officers been attending to their duty,
instead Of trying to instruct their fei-
citizens what political principles
they should embrace, and what they
should not. aaa n
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08
z Or CA s III

am forced to sone extent 10 titanar my
mode OF business; as7l have to pay CASE iot
goods, | must have the same. al.F ys'
f. JOHN COLEMAN.
Cadiz Fcb.l, 1863. r... .,.,.. ...v.1.. ,s,
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08

am bound not to be under sold. VI Clothing
made to order on the shortest notice and fits
warranted. .-H ss
I've seen and like his well known store
Because I've purchased there before.
In j. Brilles' store on Mark Street,
I'm certain to be fitted neat. rI
And to advance another reason,
kil goods lind to suit the season
And those who from his store shall buy
Will find themselves all weathers dry.
J. Brilles endeayors, never fails .r.
TO turn out work to suit he sales.
This establishment is located nigh,
Each branch receives watcful eye
In his store you buy not In doubt,
No false induce ments are held out. q
The tne price system, there's no be tier,
Is carried out to the very letter.
The bargains therefore can't entice
The purcharer at one fixed price,
Nor time be lost in ] Brilles'store
To cheaper what was cheap before.
The gentleman all can testify
When any clothing they want to buy
For service, promenade or show,
To his store they straightw ay 60.
These gentlemen also find
The kind of clothing for their mind.
Some reasons now I've furnished why
10 J. BIS. store 90 TO buy.
So call at on ce, his prices view, .-.
And doubtless y1n will buy there too
SrCall at my We II known store if you wan
good clothing. J, BRlLLES.
April |. 1865
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08

r ARRIVED in the Eastern cities just as
L GOLD took tue last great tumble, and as
gold goes up and d5 m. e. fJlIows the price OF
nj good luck with my cnatemers-sn cali and
Sc the arges stock of DRY GOODS ever be-
fore opened IN this market. Bat don't FORGET
to bring along your money, as you will hndl 1t
impossible to get any without Purchasing.
Ladies' have taken great care in :he sclec-
ton of the very newest novelties in your llHe,
and with cut giving you long list OF articles,
styles, &C., will just say Vie steck is the best
| have 5r... ..-,,
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08
NEW ADVERTISING RATES.

The following prices OF advertising hnye
been agreed upon by tIa pnbIishers of papers
in Cadiz, toiahe aeffe Ct from and after January
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08
EVER OF'FE1REDl

So, knowina,the stocks, have formerly had
on hands, they must be fine. An early call Is
requested. ..,.,.
5len's and Boys Wear from the finest to the
coarsest And ii yor don't see what YOU want
ask, and it will be forthcoming. Goods sold
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08
To Township Assessors.

March 25, 1863.
The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1863-04-08
COUNTRY PRODUCE.

Now, II you want Bargains, bring along your
produce or cash 10 our store, las we have %
pay cash exclu sivey for oar goods, ard will
have tb do cash business an youp wiill re-
ceive better bargains than you ever received
before at any store in Cadiz.sa EIn1ss 1ea.,t
!. a,g ayn,l e. s, ATKINSON S&i Co
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08
LEGA L
administrator Sale.
Iowa COUNTY coURT-TN PROBATE.

IOWA COUNTY CURTIN PKObA11-'
In the matter Of the estate Of WILLIAM JAMES u.
deceased.
NJ Office is hereby given, that by virtue ana 70 puf
suance of an order Of license made ~ s5d mater
on the 18th day Of Juy A. L. lso5. ny tne county
Court Of said County the undersigned ADMINS fa[s
Of the estate Of said deceased will on saturday re oth
day % August next ensuing at two clock III e after
noon Of said day at the Union Nils offer for sale ar
public vendue the following described real estate to
wit:
The undivided one seventh interest Of said deceased
In the estate of William James Sen deceased being the
undivided one half Of the s@Cnon Mills. with ming
house and buildings and the undivided half Of the
north half of the south west quarter and the south east
quarter Of the south quarter and the south west
quarter Of the north west quarter, Of Section No 2
Town g. Range east and the undivided one seventh
interest in the north quarter Of the north west
quarter Of Section No 49, and the south east quarter Of
the south quarter Of Section No - both being il
Town No. &. Range east also in the undivided one
third part Of the north quarter of the north west
quarter of Section No s. Town No. ;, Range east ::
also the undivided seventh Interest in the following
lots in Parry's addition to the Village # Dodgeye :
Lots Nos l. q H. and u. in Block 5, together with the
seventh part Of all the personal property Of the said
William James Sen. deceased.
The terms Of sale will be made known at the time
and place of sale.
Dated July 10th, 1893. CORNELIUS JAMES.
JANE JAMES.
4-w3 Administrators.
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08


would most respectfully call the attention Of all
persons interested In the works of ART and lovers Of
the beautiful TO my stiles Of paintings executed
on glass ard exactly initiating the most beautiful Can
vas Pcturds BY very simple process requiring but,
short time and little experience perfect imitation
OF an Oil Picture be produced giving the glass the
appearance Of Canvass, and 80 nearly resembling
Oil Painting to deceive the best Of iudg
These tantings supe ior to all ether cheap styles
that have before been introduced as t"ir bodness.
soft blending Of coloTs nd rich shading Of back ground
readily distinguish them from all 0 her classes. La
die will find that by the aid ofthis beautiful art that
they execute, at very triing expense
beautiful pictures, equal in rchn to those which
hundreds Of dollars Even children not - wears
Of age have often produced specimens which surprise
every body. re- Remember that for 80 cents furnish
FULL INSTRUCTIONS, and all receipts for mixing
Paints &C., &C., that any who may not have any
natural ia te for PAINTING Pictures nearly
quail to those If old Artists. In neigllborh6ods
ladies have dubbed together, putt in p cts. each
and purchased the Instructions. The cost Of checle
and Their materials USED in making Picture II K Is
inches is only about - accents and be obtained
at any drug store. During the past few yeaIs many
agents have Travelled through the westerd form
ing classes aud teaching inferior styles Of aintiDg
from $500 10 $1,000 each person During tho past gear
that have been placing my meth Is befre the Dc ;
pie have sold many hundreds 0fmy Instructions and
unanimously meet with welcome response from all Of
my pupils. Address Mrs i A. LAMB
- Elk Grove, Cook County, ILL.,
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08
FORECLOSURES SALE.
John Casserly,
plaintiff,
against
Timothy Baldwin,
=
THE STATEOF WISCONSIN
IOWA COUNTY CIRCUIT
COURT.

DI virtue Of aud pursuant to judgement Of fore
Dcosure and sale rendered in said Court ia the above
entitled actifn tho 2ist day e February n 9Sle
l viii on Monday the 81 day Of August. l. H. lSt3 az,
pose for sale and sell 81 public auction 10 the hgber,
bidder for cash IN hand at the front door Of the Court
House 1T 2o'eloc> r. NJ Of said aav the following ia
scribei mergaged premises or So much thereof a. may
be necessary 20 raise The amount If said judgement
interest and cost If sale. to wit:
The North half Of the North East quarter of Sec
ton No twenty 2o in township No. seven ~ north
of Range No fur az east e the fourth principal me-
rdan containing eighty tS9A acres of land mole or lass
lying and being in he County Of Iowa and State If
Wisconsin.
Dated Sheriifs Office, Dodgeyile June the 10th IS63
sAMUELW. REESE G. G. MEIGS
Plaintiffs Attornsv Sheriff Of Iowa CoEatr
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08
IN PROBATE Iowa County Court.

In the matter of the estate of JOSEPH FRANCIS de-
ceased.
ON reading and filing the petition Of Joseph Lean
administrator of said estate. representing among
other things that he has fully administered said estate
and praying that time and place be fixed for examin-
ing and allowing hSaccount Of his administrations filed
with said petition il is ordered that said account be
examined by the Judge Of this Court Monday the
10Th day of August next ensuing his Office IN the VIII
lage of Dodgevile.
And it isurthcr ordered that notice thereof be given
to all persons interested by publishing copy Of this
order Tor three successive weeks prior said day of
examination IN the DoDCEyILLE CHg0NIcLE,1 weekly
newspaper circulating in said County
Dated July 18th. 1863 s r ASSIFy
44-W5 County Judge
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08
w A e TINS


CHRONOLOGICAL WAR RECORD.
A condened Fl istory of the war.
Useful and Highly Ornamental.
Persons wishing neat and convenient
History Of the GREAT rebellion. from its
inception to the present, would do we'll to
call on us and purchase one of these WAR
RECORDS. They are got up in the form of
a Map, - by 40 inches, and contains every
prominent event Of the war, and the date
of it's occurrence, from the secession of
South Carolina Dec 20, 1860, down to the
4th of June, 1863. It is printed on new
type in beautiful large photographic design
with top and base supported by great col
umns, with colossal figures of Justice with
uplifted sword, and Liberty with spear,
standing beside them--the whole contain
ing five different battle scenes, and the faces
of dozen or more principal Genrals.
Call and see them at the CHRONICLE office
where they are for sale cheap.
Agents wanted to canvass Iowa,
Grant, and Lafayette counties. Good in
ducements offered.
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08
State of Wisconsin--Iowa Coun-
tY Circuit Court.

A NGELINA WATSON plaintiff, against William 8
IN Watson defendant
The plaintih desires the trial Of this action if any
there be, 10 be had in the county Of Iowa.
The Stateof Wisconsin TO William s. Watson defend
ant You are hereby summoned and required to an
swer the complaint OF Angelina Watson, plaintiff,
copy OF which was filed in the office of the clerk Of the
Circuit court for the county of Iowa and State Of Wis
nsin at Dodgeylle, in said county, on the 18th day
of August A. d. 1868, and TO serve copy Of your an
swer on the subscriber at his law office in the village
of Dodgeville Iowa county Wisconsin within twenty
days after the service Of this on Won exclusive
of the day of service, and if you fail to answer said
complaint as hereby required, the plaintiff will apply to
the court for the relief demanded in the complaint
Dated August the 18th, A. d, 1868.
U. S. r. l.. NJ STRONG
STAMP. 49wG Attorney for plaintiff.
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08
In Probate iowa County Court.

In the matter IF the estate Of John Philips, decreased.
On reading and filing the petition of Sarah Phillips
Oof Iowa County, representing among other things
that John Phillips late of the village of Dodgeville in
said County, on the 24th day Of June, A. D. 1868 died
intesate, leaving goods chaftels and estate within this
County and that she. the said petitioner is the widow
said deceased, and praying that administration of said
estate be unto her granted 1t is ordered that said pe
tOn be heard before the Judge of this Court Friday
the 18th day Of August A. d. 1861 the Probate Office
an the Village of Dodgeville.
And it is further ordered that public notice thereof
be given to all persons interested by publishing cpy
of this order for three weeks successfully prior said
day of hearing, in the DODGEvILLE CHRONICLE weekly
newspaper circulating in said County.
Dated July 18th, 1868. S. =. ANSLEY.
44-w3 County Judge
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08
State Of Wisconsin iowa Coun-
ty Court-Tn Pr bate.

In the matter Of the esatef GeoTge " Htcco1 deceased.
ON reading and filing the petition of Nathaniel w.
IDean, administrator of the estate of George W.
Hickcox deceased representing among other things that
he has fully administered said estate. and praying that
time and place be fixed for examining and allowing
his account of his administration filed with said petit
ton il is ordered that said account be examined by the
Judge of this court Tuesday the LIST day of Septe
Der next ensuing, at his ore in the village Of Dodge
ville in said County.
And it is further ordered that notice thereof be given
TO all persons interested by publishing copy of this
order for three successive weeks prior to said day Of
animation in the sDoDGEvILLE CHRONICLE" weekly
newspaper published in Dodgeville in said County.
Dated Dodgeville, July 11th, 1863
S. B. ANSLEY
4-w3 County Judge
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08
,ENERRIBLE DISCLOSURES SECRETS FOR THE:
4

FE TERRIBLE SCLOSURES-SECRETS FOR THE
4 MILLION
most yaluble and wonderful publication A work OF
400 pages, and 30 cblored cngravings DIR HUNTERS
WADE MECUM, an original and popular treatise
Man and Woman, their Physiology, Functions, and
Sexual disorders OF every kind with Never Failing
Remedies for their speedy The practice of DIR.
HUNTER has long becn and stu is Hnbounded, but
the solicitation ofnumerous PERSONS he has
. induced to extend his ica usefulness through
tI nm Of his 'sVADE MECCM.' 1t is a yolumn
1sbanl1bn :" the hands Of eyofy family in aileyia-
th : H. = awful and destructive scourges
ion of ono o @nuy, securely enyeloped
syer visited mank1nu. stage to in9 p"it u .he
will be forwarded free OF 10. camps " copies
United States for 50 cents in p o. TIER,
Tor " Address, post paid, DR.. Hun ri
DIVISION street, New YORK, Lno.3S-l yes
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08
MP THE EVIL IN THE BUD.
DIR. YEaiftfer.


AVi =. Niai IL ~, Nhcdgo H.
Il HAS for many years made the treatment of prf-
III yate diseases his business and study. SYPHILIS in
- all forms, GLgET and STRUCTURES. Particular at
La tenton given to all old standing cases, which were
formerly considered incufabe Also the effect of so
tary habit, both rninous to body and mind, and pro-
duces some # the following effects
Botches bodily weakness. constipation, loss of mem
ory pain IN the small Of the backcan be fully restored
to health.
CONSULTATION FREE.
Ez-Charges moderate, and cures guaranteed.
Post Office Box 2294 All letters with statnp answer
ed.
p s.-All business strictly confidential Office hours
from a. u. uhtil . p 81 n28-1y%s
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08
State OF Wisconsin---Towa Coun-
tY Circuit Court.

oBERT WILSON as Administrator Of the estate of
IL DANIEL ii tRyEY deceased Plaintiff Gqdinst Hen
ny Collins defendant. Summons
The State OF Wisconsin to Hcary Collins dqjendq,f.
fou hereby summoned to answer the oonIaint of
robert son as administrator of the estate of Daniel
Harvey, deceased the above named plaintiff, which
may be found in my ofcei in the village Of Dodgeville
iowa County, and State OF wisconsin,, and to serve
copy OF your answer the subscriber at his said Of
nee, IN the village OF Dodgeyle, Iowa county and
state OF Wisconsin, within twenty DAYS after the
wee Of this summons, exclusive Of the day of service
anu II You IAN to answer said complaint, as hereby re-
CURED, the plaintiff will take Judgment against Won
ior the sum OF ninety dollars, with interest thereon
from the Zoh day of April 1862 at the rate of seven
per cent. per annum, besides costs
IL. S, s) SAMUEL REESE,
Attorney for Plaintiff
Dated May %, 1863
The complaint in the above entitled action was elo5
IN Tue office of the clerk of the circuit court of the
county OF Iowa. and State of Wisconsin, on the 20th
day of July, \. D. 1868
SAMUEL W. REESE.
h4o"o Attorney for Plaintiff.
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08
G z & z p00a GhDn%

We warrant work equal to any done in tn
ounty, and as cheap at any establishment in this
part of the State
For these ask share Of the patronage Of
the peopleot the County.
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08
~ST9rICE.
LADIES! LADIES! LADIES!
Read !! Read Read!
FOR SD CTS-


J will teach you how TO paint superb OIL PICTURES
ent WaNs:
Dodgeville chronicle. [volume] (Dodgeville, Wis.) 1862-current, 1863-10-08
GP b r NJ A TORI EACAN BE
CURED

DIR, RAND's SPECIFIC cures SoermatoyrhQa Semi,
mai heaFnes Impotency, loss Of Poever &c. speedily
ana eDectady. It's effects trGey plagical. trial
Of the Specific will convince the skeptca Of ta
merits Price, 81 box. Sent post paid to any address
BY > G. UPHAM 4o3 Chestnut street, Philadelphia, Pa
Circulars sent free fn35-6m
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1863-07-28
The Draft.

The daft throughout the Eastern
States, with the single exception of the
New York mob, has progressed quietly.
In many instances the drafting officers,
or portion of them, have been drawn,
and the prizes include gentlemen of all
stations, conditions and professions.
New York and Rochester, and, we be-
lieve, some other cities, have voted sums
Of money to pay the Communication Of those
drafted from their own limits. The Su-
preme Court of Maine, however, has de-
cided that such acts are illegal, so far as
that State is concerned. 1t says thai
towns cannot legally raise money gratu.
itously TO discharge the pecuniary obi
cations Of the citizens, or to procure theil
exemption from military or other ser
vice.
There is, as yet, no positive announce
ment of the time when the draft will com
mence in this State The enrolling off
GERS have been instructed to report til,
number Of volunteers sent from eacl
county, which would indicate that eacl
locality is to be properly credited will
those who have gone into the army, ant
will be compelled TO make up its def
cheney.