Orleans independent standard. [volume] (Irasburgh, Vt.) 1856-1871, 1863-06-12

Do this, and if he is a respectable man
otherwise, and knows how to read and
write, will he content. o. G. w.
The Polish Question.
The Polish question continues to ex-
cite and agiate Europe What Ireland
was for centuries to England, says the
Philadelphia Press, Poland has been to
Russia ever since it passed under the
yoke of the Cars, in l772, when the first
partition Of that country was made by
those three diademed robbers, Catharine
of Russia, Frederick of Prussia, and
Maria Theresa of Austria. 1t was in
the power of the first Napoleon to have
restored nationality to Poland, but he
did not DEAN it polite to effect it. When
he sustained disastrous defeat in Russia,
in 18l2-I3, he found, too late, that his
Ineglect had lost him great support when
most needed. The Treaty of Vienna.
lin 1915, annexed the Duchy of War
saw to Russia, with the exception of the
province of Posen, which was retained
by Prussia. Austria retained Gallizia,
with the salt mines OF Wielicza. The
city of Cracow was declared Independent,
but was seized and annexed by Austria
in 1916. The Emperor Alexander l.,
taking the title of "King of Poland"
commenced with concilatory promises,
and signed the constitutional charter at
Warsaw, in December 1915. But this
charter was never CARED into effect, and,
particularly after Alexander's death,
Poland was governed with terrible tyr
amy by the Viceroy Constantine, who,
it is charity to say, was the worst kind
of a mailman. Hence, when RevoIu-
ton stalked through Europe in 1880,
the Poles rushed to arms, hoping to throw
off the Russian yoke but, after battling
bravely with the odds greatly against
them, were defeated and again placed in
thrall. Until now, every subsequent
effort was a failure.
France, England, and Austria, have
severally and jointly demonstrated with
the Emperor Alexander II. upon the
of affairs in Poland, and it
would appear that they desire to have
the provisions of the Treaty of Vienna
carried out. The Gear, whose
liberation of the serf5 shows mingled
boldness and humanity, is probably not
fully aware of the manner in which Po-
land has been misgoverned in his name.
He is not likely to be pleased with the
of Foreign Powers in the
affairs of his own empire. Should he
return curt reply to their remonstran-
,es, it is considered probable that war
nay ensue. Who would be the bellig-
srents? On one side, Russia would have
he support of Prussia, or rather of its
King for the Prussian people have great
with the Poles. On the other.
England and France would certainly ac:
ogether, as they did in the Crimea, but
We doubt whether Austria, herself en-
iched by the spoliation of Poland,
would strike any decided blow against
Russia. The conduct of Austria in the
asst war with Russia showed desire to
'e neutral, as far as possible. From the :
ympathy OF Italy good deal might be ,
Victor Emmanuel is under ,
TODD to be willing to act against Russia =
Or Poland. A fourth alley would be y
Charles Nv. of Sweden, who has some
ersonal grounds for enmity with the .
Ear, and who would probably be glad, .
t such crisis, to assert his right TO the
rovince of Finland, now retained bv
'ussia, and who is to have 100000 sol c
lers ready to take the field for such
urpose. This united array against II
'ussia would indeed be formidable. =.