New-York daily tribune., 1863-12-30

Itl III o1t oi tut lhht Otict '', y !" t-.'o "Vni
sous Island affair We have for oar Own prcieo
tio, broken the treaty with England, and i
calls for new one.
The present treaty was informal Mr
Monroe, in submitting it to tho Senate, ex
ure .c1 doubts OF it, suiiiciency, but the Senate
accepted it, and It has been observed IN
good faith. II provides for two armed YES
scls on the Upper Lakes, one on Lake Oil'a'io'
and one on Lake Champlain, 10 each Power.
A paper two years since was submitted TO INC
Department of State intended to show that the
phrase Upper Lakes" did not include Lake
Michigan as regarded the boundary line running
through the lakes; that armed vessels were not
excluded from Lake Michigan by the treaty.
provided such vessels should moi 60 outside the
Straits OF Mackinaw. Arguments were drawn
in defense Of this position, from modern treaties
of European Powers with Turkey, which con-
cede to her the right 10 prohibit armed vessels
from passing the Dardancllcs and the Bosphorus,
and from the course Of England touching her
fortress on the Straits Of Gibraltar. la 1856, the
treaty Of Pari, dismantlcd Russian fortresses
and armed vessels on the Black Sea, but Russia
is now building a powerful navy on the sea OF
AzoG, situated as to the Black Sea, rs Lake
Michigan is TO Lake Huron. Moreover, in q
aicr treaty with England, there was provl'
sion granting her the privilege for merchant
vessels of her nag TO enter Lake Michigan.
Tho altered state of things on the United
States side of the boundary line, the large,
growing cities and vastly increasing commerce,
involving millions Of dollars in canals and rail
roaA, having their tcnnini OH the Lakes. while
the Canadian side remains nearly in the same
condition a, then, make the treaty as TO equality
ofnayal force onc-silcd affair; and now, A. we
need police defense, there is necessity Tor an
amended treaty, at least as respects Lake Erc
and Niagara and Detroit rivers. We want
Grmed steamers of great speed for the protec-
ton Of the immense commerce OF Lake Erie
and Of as.ailable points, where the bread oi
millions j. in transit and at risk from the inroads
that may be made from Canada. The British
Government Acknowledged that the burning oi
The steamboat Caroline" lying OF the wharf
al Schlosser on the American side in ISL, was
measure OF necessity TO prevent the rebel
lion in Canada being oidcd by Canadians
who had taken refuge in the United States.
These refugees she called "prstcs' Lord
Palmers,on was Foreign Secretary. she de-
mandcd the liberation Of Alexander Mcleod
imprs soncd by the courts OF Ncw-lork Tor Parii-
cpaiiug in the burning of the Caroline.
The law of .eli-prc is at loas, equally
strong for MS. II has become apparent tha''
under the teNt of the existing treaty. we afe de-
barred from taking the most ordinary prccan'
tons. Tho Circumstance ia which the ir'G'!
wa made having wholly changed, the treaty
ougl, to Doc modified accordingly or wholly al
roenf,d. NJ nation con consent to expose ~
border o. orrs are exposed, unless in the belle
I that % secure from invasion either ATTEMPTED
or permitted. Eycnt. show that We can nc
LONGER elcr..h -uCh a belief.