, 1863-09-29
OUR DOMESTIC RELATIONS.
How to Treat the Rebel
States,
STATE RIGHTS AND CON-
GREsSIONAL POWERS.
How to Govern the Rebel States
Vacated.

We print below nearly entire tho exhau5-
tire and powerful review furnished the At
1antte 1konthly for October, BY Hon. Charles
Sumner, Of sour Domestic Relations" or
ssHow to treat the Rebel States" The ques-
ton IL one Of vital importance, and at the
present stage Of the rebellion must command
the thoughtful attention Of nil loyal aud
thinking men who have the interest Of the
Republic at heart.
Mr. Sumner In his introduction states that
the relations Of the States to the National
Government must be carefully considered to
see By what process the transition from rebel
forms may be most surely accomplished, and
that In fixing the conditions Of peace the
dogma Of State Rights must not be allowed
to neutralize all that our arms have gained.
Four Military Governors hare already been
oppoiuted By q simple letter from the sccre.
tasy Of War. But If this can be done In four
states 1t can be done In al, and 1t may be In
definite in duration. Hence the danger Of
the National Government crysta1izing into a
military despotism. In undertaking to Get
mp military Governors We reverse the policy
Of the Republic as laid down by Jefferson and
subject the civil to the military authority.
49,, 6,...,.~.,.
laws. He proceeds to say:
nit be true that the Stats governments
cd for the establishment Of provisional gov.
ernments by Congress. In short, Il new
government IL to DC supplied, It should ba by
Congress rather than By the President, and It
Ehouid be according to established law rather
than according to the mere will Of any func.
ticnary, to the end that ours may be gov
eminent Of law and not Of men.
dtna1y circumstances, neither system Of gov
e1nment would be valid. A ssate, in full en-.
1oynents OF its rights, would epurn military
governor or = Congressional governor. 1t
Wonld insist that lts governor should b
nelther m1ntafy nor C3ugressloaal, oat euch
as Us own people io Shose & 70 elecI; ana S Snonoay
Eonlo QUESTION tnls ngnt: Inc fiealoens
to New York; nor does Congress think OF
establishing PROVISIONAL government lo tnat
State II Is only With regard to Lae hsoel
States that th1s queet3on af1ses. Tue oeea'
sion, then, Tor the exercise 9i TINS e4traofM' @
na1y poTer is iound IN me keoelncn- WIN.
arg governor, whether military or congress
tiolal. -.--
STATE RIGHTS
Ard bese II becomes important to consider
the onerations Of the re6ellion in opening
fhe Tay to this question, To this end We
States ana he National Goyernment. uuder
he Consf5,ntion Of tbs United States. As
annroach ihis 1nestion Of singular delicscy.
lst ne eay On the threshold. that for All tho:e
Irhfs al States which are consietent with
peace. security. and permancnce Of the Union.
accordinr to fbe ohfects rrandl7 annnnnce3
- s4rennans adpncs,e .f III t;ne. s,,a acae m .ne
Naeer ebsort. ~ - A. ~ ~ NY W. IN;
49, st.ht1 ~ ;e;.aS !. 49, " eham 80, naa
ice a+5ar r;"bts ha .sI,sd ~ r. nTas,;a93 ~ ~
IhsrS, ~ stafss s,s ~ hsia ~ b.[ma1sons ~:
f,nns -. ~ we,f xis1 r. raes - nther ~ with the
;a e ~ w. w na +ha eea ste osass as ~ "n n ,hat tn
~ +i;e,D e'G im71nn,t;as 3ncons;stnnt .;tS 1hat
Gonsti,nt;nn ~ 1 WhicS - the snnr.me 'a law of ~
~. 3aaa. ~ 49, sIm3t +ha f,n,sacc.h,1,t1 ~
- stseas, no4 ~1 = 1S1A'NN' 'A'>'
~ E,~1e 1890 ,ar;o3 ece, orter,or IN +ha Fadara,
canst;art'nn 1g 1hera has heen ~ neTFerse ~ nre =
s1nioa 1o " ea ~ m'4 mea - uan nr Fs,Ps-u
Nt5 r..t 49, ~ pas,,,,tn+ ~ ~ +lss 81
HeL nnluoEno1s tne tsS' ss ~ rs r.
fether in r.as1srt - t5s srmies ~ T.,
E., 80 "a ~ tsa.s es@ ~ .nnstsaS - - ~
Anaasss 80 IL. II ~ ~ 10y JILL sons' arsas
or persuasion talasr nae q comMaa. 9
By The Deciafanon OF !noepenaehee
i was eole1onig oectafeo 11at lhest
cnHed Golomes Me, Ana o. I1gnt ouga
to be, tree and independent osases, am aes
that as such, they have iall powers to lev!
mesce; and TO do aA other acts MMSa iode
pentent States nay 0t right DO. IAus ..
this original charter the early colonles "er
charged INTO independent states. nuoer WHO'S
Frotecacn the nbettea OF tno country "e9
| placed 4.s 81 ..,. ~. An
ciencles o. tnis q GoMsefnment. re WINCH vas ensc
I'VE oni9 ta19uSn tAs H HeGe!ous pattlotsisna y
ne peoWe. IN yniy, tts9, two years Ntef 70
1eeiafataon, Afnetes o. ton1eoefa1on Wes
iFaMeo, oqt tney Ms1e not compieGeIy 3 1anae
py AZ Ine stales " Aarcn, !tol; ING caai
aGteF oa I1ls wv EosT!A1nsns, waaea assan
Cd me 1Tyle OF Lhe oni1ea sta.es o. amssl
Whaeh was as 1oAoEs:@7 IA A!ac1gs o. Coniso GO
efauon anq pe1PntnM P hn.on osamesn ~ -
4lases - NGE 4aupsu1te, nlassacnuee!t L
n,a1, 1noae G .tsas. tsaaio auo 5t1saoSEce Ilsnn
t nous ConaEedSut, Ne" 1olk; Ne" 1e!sss
fennsy1sah}a, DsiaTa1G MnFyiand, sfglaa9
~ A. +ha iaM secnnd sr+ir1e f. 4as Secio1ed tha
~ Iae Eetonu afa1e t. ~ mas SeSn'tso, ~
a sIan 5s.sas ~ ~ aos gasa 3 i1sisSi
anu anospn n. NJ !. EsG ~ 4h1s n.5gntsda
9e.. s1 s.s, aaTae.saI I. ~ ta III, "a Sat
I ~ Ganerrs. asssemffed' = ~ tia third attic
ftxas fnrf91er DECLARED that & the saii Stat
heref,v seyera1Iy enter s,,fo a drrn leaeue ,
Friendship with each othsr, for their commo
deffnce ihe secnritV Of thtir lIberttes an
fheir 1nu1ual aId peueEnl welfsren
nnotber artIcle, a sscolnmittee Of HE State
or any nIre of them, VAS anthorized in Il
recess to erecute The powers Of Congres
NE goye:1meat thus constituted was con
; nact 6etween eoyeuIgn States. aceordiu
: fie1G.hi,', l,etWtssn tI,rse States. administe
"a. IN fhe rerers Of Conp1ess. by UcommI
tey Of the E1af,Y.,s Tina lid Stat. Rirh
tr;nm,i,.
But its imbecl1ity soon became appsren
Az early rs Urcembcr. I732. = comlaittee
CencrsSs msds M elaborate report on the T
final sf Rho1c Island. cze Of The states.
c,ra ~ revcraa and camu,e:re' In Arr
: ff:SS m address, nf Conpre.s to the Stat
pas 1,nt forth annss,line i, fhefr instfce AZ
,a;o{,tca fa1,i, nna rt.5rcsenIfno Tna cons
prne 80 ts;,a1a ae ~, ahssr -,aS, - sn.fs n
he Ge Geyarnmept % and d provide 1or It its wat waat
N Aprn, 1te3; tuh.at appe e.as Mas noaas ~
Nhat were ea:ieo 1ne hesesai ssases. "Ae ~
4eeis!a199Ies were Ta'a recomInenuea s33 70 sSSt II
uhst9c e:a.ce ~ Ielsie eemosa ~ ~
cef;1,n po~e1s; IL on,s, dta commltt
81 1o15sse iuaas .t vseea etau5taee .Gpolt
ihe reason Why ne esAies sneaio confer apt
: ConGIees po"sls Ihe.ein 9 ennmsta.so, M III T.
co. Sonfse o. "nlcn w as,t " vas n'gea' toa: an,e I'M
Lns ,,e esaLee act iosether, aae,e Is no pan
pqisS tso VII mn'su ~ Ley can selsate,y ente
, ! Hh1ca tAe! VII aos De eepasHely lntesests
! 70 atleaI, :ano, o1 course. al toe2e measur
: mnsl Prose van M ana aoorIsVe. n sSo:oa
ana MaFcn. itoe, tneIe were tTo otnet !.
nofs 81 eo1nm1leees o. tonEless, eAoionu Y
lne 1a1inIe o. tne essles 70 co1pl WIN :
) Ieqa'sluons o. CongIess, aaa z, me . 1ecessl
the revsnne 6ghtem. In OCTOBER. 1855. the
! VAS SUI anothef report, moaI earnestly I
new1ng fhe FORMER Appeals 10 the state
nothing could pc more urgent :.
AS early as July, l7S2, even before the III
report to Congress, resolutions we're ADOPT
by the State Of New York, declaring 18th