davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17

80. An persons indebted to the old
firm Of Armstrong & Shanklin should
read and heed what they say about pay
ing up, in sic advertisement
attend the Fair at RuCksns'
ham, october stu.
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17

We notice the arrival in town
of Capt. G. Is. Woodward, formerly Of
this town, and son Of the Rev G. IL.
Woodward. "George," as he used to
be fam;iarly called, raised company
of nine months men and ent with them
to the war
The Rev. Septimus 1ngham, also
formerly of this place, we learn is stop.
ing at his fathers
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17

-. The Rev. G. G. Edwards,
Chaplain Of Louisiana regiment gave
a very able lecture or sermon upon the
war at the Congregational Church last
Sabbath afternoon. The Elder told
many torcible truths which set heavy
upon the peace" men but all Of which
were fully endorsed by trne patriots.
1t was decidedly a very entertaining
discourse,
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17

It is estimated that forty thousand
head Of sheep have been brought into
this state during the season.
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17

"A good supply Of School Books
Blank Books & Stationary can be found
at Il Pioneer Drug Store.
Now is the time to purchase them be-
fore School commences.
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17
HlOGAH~

-. See new advertisement of the
Wilcox & Gibbs Sewing Machines.
We have heard these machines highly
spoken Of.
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17

-. Mr. r. s. Croft delivered an cx-
celent lecture last Monday evening at
NJ +. Church on Popular Education.
His mastery Of the inject, old and
hackeneyed as it is, shows that it has
been the theme ofmuch study with him.
lie was interesting and instructive.
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17

-. Look out for a splendid lot Of
new goods before long. Mr.. Johnston
of the firm Of Galley & Johnston has
gone to Philadelphia, for large supply
for that firm.
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17

W Eighty National Banks, with an
aggregate capitol Of SIC, 100000, have
already been authorized to commence
operations.
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17

49,. There is to be another cavalcry
regiment raised in this State, within the
mex, thirty five days. Col. NJ, NJ. I'rnm
bell formerly Of the Sd Iowa Infantry
regiment will take command Of il.
This is another fine opportunity for
hose who wish to Volunteer.
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17

49,. We go to press too early to speak
Of the mass meeting. Will do SO next
week.
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17
! u rpublican UnlOn Nom inatlOn.

Il cpublican Unson Nom inatlon.
For Governor,
WILLIAM NJ. STONE,
Of Marion county.
For Lnutenant-. Governor,
ENOCH W. EASTMAN.
cfHardin county.
For Judge of the Supreme Court,
JOHN +. DILLON,
of Scott county.
For Senator of 35th senatorial Dist,
WM. Il. KING.
of lama county.
County Ticket.
For Treasurer & Recorder.
a. J. WHEATON,
For Sheriff,
II. 4. WILLIAMSON.
I'or Representative,
pHlNE.AS HELM.
For Superintendent Of Schools,
I'll. DOWNS.
For County Judge,
Il. +. BRADFORD.
Fer Coroner,
FRANKLIN DAVIS
For Drainage Commissioner.
T. B. MARTIN.
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17

49,. Mr. Thaycr of Muscaine one Of
the chief fusleman of the copperhcads
IN this tate, held love feast with his
brethren IN tins county ut the Court
room last Saturday, at which he broke
to them liberal supply Of peace and
anti war bread, cooked by the Nalan
.liyham receipt, little Modified to sui,
the times, and administered in he name
Ut the father, son and the cursed spirit
Of Copperl,cadism. in consolation and
remembrance OF their departed sccp,re
Of power.
He laborcd assiduo ,slv to deceive his
auditors, and we think succeeded quite
well, especially with that class who
came with their throats well stretched
and creased, determined 10 swallow all
he said, regardless of digestion or ana.
lysis. In fact this duty is never thought
Of by this class, tor their political
>tomachs arc SO copper coated, tina. they
are enabled to hold any amount Of BIZ
ter opposition to the administration, an
army OF rtLels and few millions s7ars,
provided they are all nicc'y sug II
coated Will, that d,lec.able palis,e,
.Tae constitution as it is and he Union
as it was His speech was a rehash Of
their great cry, that the Republicans
WAS responsible for this war in refusing
10 vote for the olins Crittcnden com
promise resolutions. AMI that the war
was easily avoid,hle, that the admins
tration was failure, and Nalandiyham
very badly abused gentleman.
The crowd was about such one as
the Democracy usually succeed in rails.
ing. With quite sprinkling Of sight
seeing Republicans they filled til,
Court room, which, holds about hund
red when well crowded.
last Saturday, the Democracy
spread great net, as they supposed, Al
least, to catch scores Of dissatisfied Re.
publicans but. we think when the,
come to make their haul. at the mex,
election, it will be found they have sue
cecded in catching only that single ape
Gle ofrcpliles Familiarity known as "Cop
perheads.'
At their meeting they nominated thu
following ticket, to be overwhelmingly
defeated at the polls next month.
For Representative,
Capt. A. Stoddard, Dem.
Treasurer and Recorder,
II. I. Baldy,-Rep.
Sheriff,
T. Forker,-Dem.
superintendent,
w. p. Forsyth.-Rep.
County Judge,
James Shanklin,- Rep.
Surveyor,
s. r. Somers,--Dem.
Now gentlemen we advise each one
Of you to come forward and announce
your withdrawal through the columns
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17

TIE Wilcox & GlERs' Sewing Ma
chine is the best machine, without re-
gard to price, for
Family sewing,
EsI:ai<iiM.,
kEersiiniNg,
Eeiiing,
IuCkinE.
1Orliing
The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1863-09-17

TIT RSDAY SEPT. IL. 1868
The New York herald., 1863-07-18
Troops En- Route for New York stopped
by the AuthOritfss,
AFFAIRS IN BROOKLYN.

The precautions taken by the authorities OF Brooklyn
has doubtless prevented any further attempt at ncen
diarism or general disturbance OF the peace
The citizens OF the different wards have promptly acted
upon the recomme ndaiion the Mayor announced in
his proclamation issued Wednesday. Meetings have
been called in every ward and organizations been
formed TO patrol the streets at night, to guard
against mcendiarsm attacks upon the residences Of
citizens. Numbers o, families have been threatened
with violence by anonymous letters and by persons
representing themselves committees OF organizations
they take good not cali the OF the
house Is present number so notified have asked pro
lection OF the police Authorities which denied.
the applications numerous that the whole police
force would be absorbed r each house threatened was
provided with guard.
The military organizations complete and pre-
pared for any emergency.
Yesterday John Tracy was brought before Justice
Perry charge of attacking the house OF James Henry
White (back), residing at % Green hnc, and beat
Ing him severely, without any provocation whatever
Tbe eaccused convicted and fined $50 in default
Of payment committed to Jail
Three men were arrested in Grecnpont yesterday
having muskets in their possession, supposed
been stolen from some place in New York. They were
committed 10 jail to await examination.
The New York herald., 1863-07-18

means Of signals hes enabedo hear romhis vessels and
men at all times
The navi fire brigade Is m readiness o % duty At
warning, and In fact every precaacn nas been
taken 70 render the yard safe.
Besides this the Ordnance Department under Captain
Drayon, has furnished large quantities Of small arms,
ammunition, and those troublesome little affairs klowp
as "hand grenades"
Work goes usual at the yard the workmen
loyal and true 10 their trust.
In times like these we see OF how much import
ance well conducted naval station is to large city
Admiral Psulding, Commodore Radford, Commander
Fiebrunn, Captain Drayton fact all Of the officers
OF the yard are entitled TO the highest credit for their
prompsitude and efficiency in rendering the State and
city authorities much good service.
The New York herald., 1863-07-18
THE CONGREGATIONS.
Estimate Made by Fire Marshal Baker
of the Losses Caused by the Recent
Fires.

Fires.
MONDAY, JULY IL, 1868.
1906 A. M.-No 677 Third avenue, brick building,
Provost Marshal Icnkns enrolling office, three buildings
destroyed Total value about s25 600.
3.05 T.. M.-Lexinrton avenue, between Forty-iolrth
and Forty fifth streets. brown stone dwelling houses
and their contents vaed at S2S 00O totally destroyed.
43:5 p. M-Forty fourth street, between Fourth and
Fifth avenues, Bulls Head Hotel brick building, owned
by Mr. Aerton all destroyed, with its contents Loss
$50 II MA Ave story brick building northeast cor.
Twenty first stree, and Second avenue used for
manufacturing firearms by Marston a. Co., completely
destroyed together with Loss about s75
5loP MNo. i,loo Brs adway, Provost Marshal 3. +.
Manierres enrolling ohce, twelve brick buildings de
s,roy, a. the whole block Broadway, from Twenty.
eighth Twenty ninth street, and buildings Twenty
eighth ahd Twenty ninth Total value, including
$50 r. M-Fnth avenue, between Forty third and
Fortyiourih streets, colcred Orphan Asylum, brick
building, totally destroyed. Loss about s35 900.
Sis L. M-No. 42Y Grand street, enrolling office and
dwelling Provost Marshal Captain John Duiy: brick
buildings sacked and bsrned Loss, including contents,
about $4,000.
9:2o r Mo. 81 Roosevelt street, frame dwelling,
Cccupicd by colored people. Damage about 500.
937 T. Eighty seventh street residence of Post
Abrsn Whkcman, totally destroyed Loss SIS GOO
The twenty third police precinct station house, directly
u the rear, Eighty sixth street, caught fire from
sparks ano was also destroyed Loss about SIS 900.
TUESDAY, JrLY Ia.
$3.50 A. M.-l2hh street. corner OF Third avenue, six
frame buildings burned. Total value about So 600
~ % Eleventh avenue and Forty FIRST street,
hotel owned by Mr.. Aleron, brick building destroyed
Loss about SIS, 600
3O4 ?. M.-weehawken ferry house, frame, foot OF
Forty secood street, North river. Loss SO 600
sos T.. M-Nps 73 and IS Roosevelt street. brick
front two dwelling houses occupied by conrcd families
totally destroyed. Loss 50 900.
III T. M.-No. los East twenty second street, Eigh
tccnth precinct station house, brick building also the
ire alarm bell tower and No u Engine house, all dc
stroyed. Loss about $40 000
Il45P. M.--No ~ Fast Thirty third street. dwelling
house of Mr.. Jared Peck port warden brick building
library valued at IS 900 destroyed the building Cred
Loss by the 6pe about 81 ,0o0
WEDNESDAY, July IL.
2I0 A. M-Avenue c, corner of Fourteenth street,
lumber yard OF Ogden Co. Damage about ~ 0o0
10 so A. Mo. 81 West Thirty second street three
brick houses, occupied by coored people all
destroyed. loss about s15 900.
The total amount is estimated al s3Go,i0O.
The New York herald., 1863-07-18
yhe Draft in Pennsylvania.

PHILADELPHIA, July IL, 1863
The draft IN the Fifteenth ward of this city has been
completed in quiet and orderly manner
PROPOSAL To BUY OFF DRAFTED MEN IN PHIIADEL-
PHIA.
From the Philadelphia Bulletin, July 1871
proposition Is TO be brought before City Councils
this afternoon to appropriate millions OF dollars 10
pny the 500 required Of conscrpts who do the
We protest against this IA outrage upon the
laws OF the United States and loyal community
IL Offering TO compound with those who are ready 70
rise against tue authority OF the government.
The City Councils will transcend their duty " they rass
any such ordinance that proposed This community
viii sustain the government, without contryances
demagogues rob the City Treasury cvade the laws
OF the United states
Captain Stretch the provost marshal OF the Third Con-
gressiuna district issued notice this morning that the
draft that district viii be on Monday morn
ing The first ward TO be drawn is the twelfth
The headquarters Of the provost marshal are in Brown
street, between III tn and sixth.
The New York herald., 1863-07-18
THE VERY LATEST.
All Quiet In the City.

All Quiet In the City.
The city at midnight quiet everywhere, crowds
being visible.
ARRIVAL OF MORE TROOPS.
battery OF guns the Fifth United States
lar artillery the Eleventh regiment Colonel Maidho and
the Thirteenth regiment, Colonel Woodworth arrived in
the city last night midnight and reported to General
Candy for orders These troops direct from Harris
burg Pa where they been doing duty for month
past.
THE GARRISON OF JACKsoN's FOUNDRY RELIEVED.
Colonel Berens. of the Sixty fifth New York (Natonal
Guard) with the garrison Of Jacksons foundry in Twen
tyeighth and Second avenue consisting OF three
companies of his regiment and portion of the Eighth
New York (Natonal Guard) battery, under Lieutenant
Smith, relieved at twelve O'Clock last night by
detachment from the Hundred and Fifty second New
York Volunteers Lieutenant Swift, and returned
to the police headquarters The soldiers OF the Sixty
fifth were quarered at the Centre Market Armory and
those Of Eighth dismissed to their homes until this
morning These soldiers have been kept 10 the foundry
Thursday morning. and had q1ite hard time OF It,
they being obliged to fire many times the people to
keep them of.
THE POLICE ON REGULAR Duty AGAIN.
issued last night all the precincts where
there been serious disturbance for the last two
days place the police force regular patrol duty
again this morning; but those wards where open out
breaks existed will yet be patroed by small squads Of
police in cit zens' dress.
PECULIAR PHASE OF ROwDYIsM.
As OF reporters proceeding along Broad
way about half twelve O'Clock this morning, be
fired by two young rowdes at the Of Frank
lin street. the ball just grazing his and tearing away
part OF his coat Strange to say, although the neigh
borhood was very quiet and two policemen
near at hand. the young vagabonds escaped arrest.
by the Authorities.
ALBANY, July II, 1858
The Thirteenth Volunteer artillery and Fifty fourth
mitia regiments here from Rochester the order to
proceed TO New York having been countermanded
Similar orders to the Forty sixth and Fifty first reg
ments from 0ncndaga also countermanded day.
The New York herald., 1863-07-18
The Italian Opera In London.
PATTI IN MARTA-sUpDEN DISAPPEARANCE or
MILE. FioRErTi, AND CHANCE OF ANOTHER
Our Expeditionary Correspondence.
STEAMER SILVER Moon,

MILE. FIoRErri, AND CHANCE OF ANOTHER
From the London Post June 2el
fiotows opera of Marta was repeated Saturday
evening, with Hademosee AdeIlna Patti tor the arsS
time this season) the heroine the other PRINCIPAL
Characters being again supported by Madame Nantier
bdise signori Grazana Tagaaco, and Mario The dis
astrous result OF Madame DENTS debut this opera was
followed by very successful delbeston of Enrichet,a
by Mademoselle f,ore4i one q the accornpshcd
the British public but alas the young lady suddenly
withdrew from the establishment aud d,sappeareS
leaving work probably for the lawyers Tho cause of th
abrupt proceeding was believed, the professional
pride OF Mademorele foretti which wous NOT reru,,
hsr 20 accept the part of haoei In "Robcr. II Davolo
while another lady, Mademoiselc Fr,cc was cast fox
Alice And MademoiScie fiorett forsoov Ali a, ons
the public who had received her 10 kindly and With
whom she was rapidly becoming established fayoriIa
Fortunately however with such 4 Gifted and yersa,i,o
performer A. Mne AdeIins patt at hand the manase
ment can never be st a loss a prma donna and il wes
&c believe generally fox by the house on saturday
my that The part hnricets had not boon ON The whole
~ @ scsei and sung on any other
nhg tue present season -sne of the purcst ,cbtezt
tones we ever listened TO we're in Nile Adelioa PATHS
serance o. the simple baiini, The Last Rose Of sum
sell IN this opera. The tre and the sheen Of spotess
gold, its clear. fresh ring might be iikcncd thc-e
0O e1 his aa' nn s,a fvcs % no sSo mSsc o
~ The ehastcst breaihings the most spontaneous
n. s0s 400 ss % JSs rss, asS
aud some sort q austraton Of the quite peculiar dosyn
cratic charm which chuactcrscs Mle Aaenna PStis
delivery the touching odd irh ballad may be found.
f this special charm may be said tailowng Tor The
ry,ne requirements q cxprcsssen) 70 pervads All the
lady vocal performances. and u give her that
artistic ipdvidnay which she owes her fame In thu
music Of gloom aud saiusss s "beanty hangs upon
rbeek of night as rich jewel In Kthiops vhils
10 the strsns Of mirth and glce end keeuer oyance
Nile Adolina Patti called apon TO rcpcas the bal
lad. and the spinning whesr quartet sung with pane
spirit by Mile Adehna Patti Madame Napticr Dtdee, 80.
upri Graxiani and Mario, was likewise redemapded A
repetton of ..Tu m sppar also asked for but sw
nor pAfn declined the honor OF going through the r.
ligulng snng second time The production Of "Faust
q ROYAL Italian Opera ~, understand pu~tpups
nom Tss~shy 70 Thursday next
The New York herald., 1863-07-18
The DRAFT I'm Maine.

LEWISflN, NC, July II, ISoJ.
The draft for this district commenced ay and the
quotas for Franklin county and Lewiston drawn and
the drawing passed OF quietly and with best o fee
ing Among those drafted Ia Lewiston are - Lyford
Collector of Internal Revenue Nelson Ungey Jr edtor
Of the Journal and Speaker u the last House p Fes-
scnden, Postmaster T. sands agent of Eastern Express
and American telegraph Company aud the payrpasters
OF two Of our leading corporations.
NAMES or ExEMPrs TO BE PUBLISHED.
From the Portland (he) Argus, July l6I
by a decision % the Provost Marshal General the de
trici provost marshae required pubsh the names
Of those who are exenpeed with the of such ex
eanption except where, 10 the opinion the Marshal
such asse is not rsoper to publish
BUYING oF DRAFTED MEN.
srrom the Portland (Ae.) Argus, Iuly l6.
The town OF Yarmouth On tuesday voted unanimously
10 pSy three hundred doers Tor Zach u n cltlycns
drafted TO procure substitutes aud In sbstSutae
cannot be procured TO pay the exemption fees This
advoc1'cd by . Burbank Master t.4sss Ior
ing aud others.
The New York herald., 1863-07-18
The Drnftin New Jersev.

TTIUH trc JUuTHHT,
Another large asemblage Of people congregated
corner o Broad and Market streets last evening but
manifestations Of dsprderly nature were made About
nine O'Clock General Runyon appeared and stated
people that he had just returned from consultation with
Governor Parker lie said that the Governor urged
the people observance of law and regard Tor good
that draft had been ordered in State that
he bad taken measures by representations general
government IN the matter which he hoped will relieve
from the draft and that he would do all In his power 10
bring as speedily as possible the question OF the
tonaty OF the Conscrpton act to legal decision These
remarks were received with cheering and
the people shortly began to dsperse, perfectly satisfied to
leave the matter in the hands Of the authorities
The New York herald., 1863-07-18
The DRAFT susp.ud,d IN Trov.

FROM the Albany Atlas and Argus, July To-
The avowed obsci Of the rioters being resist the
draft, proclamation issued by the Recorder (the
Mayor having et the CITY, informing them that the DRAFT
had been suspended. Hon John l. Griswold also issued
a card, informing them that he had had with
the Provost Marshal who assured him that the da had
only been proceeded with district Ia Washington
county and that draft should be had in Troy present
without public notice Mr.. Griswold assured
ployes of the Rensselaer, Iron Works that would
sponsble for this statement OF the case
The New York herald., 1863-07-18
Arrivals and Departures.

LivrRpooi--steamship Persia Mrs Gumens and son
% S4 sss ana S1s ss ar H..
nellan, Q 4 Morgan, Morgan, Mrs .wm speion Ms.
;Sa ssa. 4. RSy M sSys sSs2p cs
servant, nsrs NJ Martonsrn Mr. Beaefc NJ Fre,i n
and NJ. D's' keansay ag sHe
de- cea sna ms RI NJ. and cs1t ssS
spd s5 Nj Summing, pas
J 6draSt ST and NJ, r. msaTd o.arsn Ms:
co5ssa Hsres and Morris NOR sr tEo aosSni sSarca
ns s%a fsSsaf5 sr.s ss arsS ,rS
Mr. nd and s Gus S'i s%Sn REV Sae DR.
McManus Benz Clark. Rubino-To,al Iss ~
HAssuRs sourn, ,xrroS-s,eanshin Borussia rLonor
Darby, Waller Derby Helene Harine Edaard Haalns.
ssn.Sn Mr. peSasrs6 meS; 1e PreSsTse1, saaS1us
Maurice '' SN4""''' "'
Asss~,,i, n STE n.hip America = Osborn Marshall
sns ro,ss Asey ppssser ps.so s msm.'n NJ. lepgs
s% s ssS mi % s%a i;I sss Hsfsmsa' HIsss
w., Lsr. Z soAa;op Iiiisies, NLsaa6ed. ssr.
% i,ss D'; ssss sSss' s9i: H,:vs a
ssa % ssT ds ss s;slSsp Ssp 81.
jsss j.@.. s% s9as, ea dsSs sssqs zss, NV MI
Bw Dodss, James Geui1 n shaw, Sife aud children:
J,in; RsAeIsos % 2 If,irdss HSS coT, = Iesm,9s.d
p GIeer VIM 9usley, : Lewis wife and chne;
Randall Mrs . Miler and tive ea,lissuy ! Cole ii
s.sr sss g:G 1ssS k1sr nnda Sss Cellar
J Warren, W Currier Fslconer. T. deciding W Ber
nett . q Nottingham, Luckey W Robeius II Tsonici"s
CTeoufellow G Loafiug n La Morress. "A Dunn xns'
geahars n re9e zrsbsn, = e..mer : sal gse~sesa,
sacke,,, ar.b,e xoagsgn. I Hanasse. q Hwss, AZ
Western, lrsn PeAson, W II Harris y N steee "
Laplsud. G Bsumes, a&d 30 IN the sreragc
ssvAruLA-BriS Aiiee-Jsmes Vacant Thomas IIsw.i
Elsu1YyRs- -shr vsaan,-rhos Asderson saa lad, Mr.,
Harley. Miss Boome. "'' VIZ
GLASGOW ship Css6denee-C Arthur
csosslsor-ship LsdosA=Mrs Ann Mason, r Jordan
MsrAsoRos-Bng Min-Thos Harris ''
DEPARTURES
irxasce';-ssansiap ks1gerco-Mrs " Weller. Mrs
Van Cafpon and sonAFredr Tremme Petsr HarlssNsre
Paul Lerand vrAnfdrd, Mrs auselbe, David Yates
siesyaee. Specie. oseVA w
The New York herald., 1863-07-18
A Man Knocked Out OF Ills Wagon and
Robbed OF HIS Horse, s~r.

Between nine and ten O'Clock Thursday night q
young man named Hardy smons bartender at the Club
House on Eighth avenue, Of Harlem ane While on
his way 20 the above place light wagon was knocked
of his wagon by blow from cub throwu saAim by
person at the corner Of Broadway aud Tv -Anet
street He fell scnsecss from tls wagon and vi, f.e cd
up by citizens, who carried him 10 drug atoro1
near by, where he lay nsens,he fpr nearly two hours
is horse and wagon were immediately seized ssce wh,c
time no clue 10 their whereabouts has been scertaued
Smons had on his person at the time a valuable watch
which they did not tase lie was badly bruised about
tlpe bead from the blow md falling from thc wagon
The New York herald., 1863-07-18
No Riot In Buffalo.

fFrom the Rochester Union July 10
The Buffalo Courier OF this morning that the
port IN the Rochester papers that mob operation
in that city Tuesday untrue. The Courier says
there has been no premonitions OF mob there although
there is some very earnest talk the
OF the draft. There will be mob unless provoked by
indiscreet talking or blundering intimidations.