New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1863-04-13

" Sausb Carolina. but afsfward sps. aiding through
most of The Southern States, and aiterwsrd exteoo
oq she poison even into the Northern S'afes, wcie
aboring TO lay the foundations for tho great ksoel
lion with which we arc now struggling. They were
willing 10 postpone the revolt 90 long a' tney oou'a
control the Government through the instrumentaisy
of party. But when, shortly after the Administrs'
ton of President Buchanan commenced, " oecsmo
sppsrsnt that the South could not longer coarot tae
Government as before, preparations we're SYSTEMS
ticslly and indnstrousy made throughout that en-
/ tire Administration to bring the Rebellion on; IL
was the business OF Mr. Floyd. from toe very nIss,
90 TO dispose Of all the arms and munitions OF war
that when the hour came she Rebels GOULD Ptfce
their hands upon thsnt and we know they dio 'she
greater portion Of Thorn. Mr. Toucey 1.-The SECRETARY
of the Navy, SLOWED the navy 10 become dilapifated
and dsmantled; and when the bour for action came,
lit was dispersed upon all the occans ana was OF 10
value . ps.o kwss the buninesA OF ma Cooo, tne
Secretary of tbs Treasury to impovsrsh the
Of tbs UDion and 70 bring dishonor upon 10 credi.
l havs boon ioforued since have been in tins ci,y,
! of a fact which believe u nos genefaty
known. Mr., Cobb deliberately made arrangements
10 allow tho interest the public debt 70 go uh.
paid 90 that tho coupons should DO protested Tor
nou.psyment 10 order 70 aaeot our credit ABROAD
1 and This dshonor TO the nstional credit was only
avoided by Some banks Of the City of Ne~-York
coming forward and voluntarily paying the interos!
upon the national debt TO preserve the national
credit. IApplause.] Immediately after tho election
4 VI Mr.. Lincoln, South Carolina made her arrange
ments to 90 out OF the Union. She was followed BY
one State after another until eight or nine had gone
through The forms OF Secession, before mr.. Lncon
inauguration. AT the time Of bis inauguration tue
Rebels had an army Of more than 80 600 men IN the
field, trained, armed and ready for battle. Up TO-
that time we had done nothing. DIR. Buchanan
had proclaimed to the world that tho Government,
had no power for self-preservaton. lie had de-
clared that tue Government could not take single
military stop 10 preserve It's life from the robbers
that had taken It by the throat. Their arrange.
nents had been made under hiseye, throughout his
entire Administration; and we can only exOnerate
biu from he charge Of knowledge Of sac plans OF
the Rebels aud a completely with them, BY making
cility. [Iaugbter.l Our little army OF lo,OoO
men had been scattered 70 the Tour winds.
There were not 200 men together In any one place.
except the army Of Gen. Twigys 10 Texas, which
was most disgracsfuily surrendered, as you know
it WAS intended 1t should DO when IL wss placed
there. Preparations made for the reduciOn OF
Fort Sumter. They had been going on for many
weeks They wsre made deliberately, openly, IN.
der the guns Of that fortress. Those guns remained
sileut; aud after all the land batteries and hoating
batteries had been prepared aud tho hour was npe
then the FIRE was opened upou Sumter, and oar gio-
rious flag hauled down, and our gallant gsirson
was compelled TO surrender TO the enemy; and thus
the war begun. Need ask you the question
then, Who made tho war II was made by tbe
Rebels 1. was made by tho Souh Oar Govern
ment 10 standing the defensive. II ID defending
its life IT is defending itself against the dismeInber-
ment Of tie territory; 1t is struggns and lighting TO
prevent the dissolution OF the Union. ~ not y
war which tie Government has made, but war
forced upon the Governmnnt-swar which tho Gov
ernmept could not refuse " accept The next ques
ton, then for our consideration -, For what par
po,e did tho South make tbIs war For what pur
pose wa. tbs Rebellion brought upon the country
with all its train Of disasters What object had
they in view Z What had they TO gain by i'll One
party TO this war contends that there Ia no such
thng ne an American people an American nation;
Ituat we are but AZ aggregation OF some "a petty
4. tionalites, united together IN partnership OF
interest add convenience, from which any one is
At liberty TO withdraw at pleasure. The other party
10 this war, to which trust we ali belong. COO
tends that there u such thing ~ an American
la while No are divided into States Tor local aid
domestic government while the States are divided
into counties each having government Of lis own.
and while the counties are again divided into town
own, vet tho township belongs TO the county, tho
county 10 the State, and the State TO one mighty in
dssoluble nation. Applause. The question recuIs,
Why did the South mako tbis war, and seek to de-
aroy this Govopmsnt You will be told, perhaps,
by such man IA Fernando Wood lgroans ii beg
your pardon for alludiog ~ subjccs which soens
to be 80 repulsve 10 your feelings-but We are told
By many men, North and South, that the war was
forced upon the South TO protect their rights under
the Constitutions: thai N was the Intention vi Mr..
Lincolns Administration " agrees upon those
rghts and TO secure those constitutional rights she
commenced the war TO destroy the Constitution IL
self The first official declaration which the Rebel
Government ever made TO the Courts OF Europe, |
,iyen BY their first ambassador 10 Lord John Rus
sel was the statement that the war was not made |
by the South for any such purpose; that tho South
did not fear that the Administration Of Mr.. |
Lincoln would trample upon their constitu-
tousl rights. i need then give further |
answer TO this protenss upon the part OF
Northern sympathizsrs. Then what was the war !
lnade for by them IL was TO establish Govern |
ment in which the institution OF Slavery should not
be simply recognized or tolerated bul should be the
gres, paramount Of controlling interest in which
the slaveholding aris.oeracy should be the dominant
or the governing class. The war was made fur the |
purpose Of overturning and uprooting tho DEM |
Ocralc principle and establishing the sristocratic |
principle. Mr.. Stephens, the Vice President OF the
Confoderacy, who has gwen US the only commentary
upon their Constitution, declares In his speech
81 Milledgeve, that the South for the first time in
tho history vi the world, had established govern
ment whose chief cornerstone was the institution
OF Slavery. IL was matter OF boastiDg that this |
had occurred for the first time IN the history Of civil
ixaiion. A voice, " For tho lsst time, TOOL IL |
Was brought forth evidence OF remarkable pro-
gress. lie boazted that they had overturned The |
principles upon which this Government bad been |
founded; that they had established q Government
upon princ pies directly the of those which
were set forth in the Declaration OF Independence,
and upon which this Government was established.
The great question present la all minds and one
which we are all trying to answer. TO our
selves, IL the great question, How shall
we procure peace How shall this war
10 epdodl Il is said that there are three ways
In which peace can be attained The frat Is by con.
eeoinQ the independence OF the Rebel States cOnced
ing The dissolution OF the Union, concsdng tho dis
memberment Of our territory. Voices, "Neyer.pl
The second 10 by procuring srmislice then calling
National Convention, having the Rebel States rep.
resented in That Convention, and then propose 10
~. ..l<z "a