, 1863-11-24

justice and wrong, is an imitation OF earth Of
that first foul revolt Of the Internal Serpent
which emptied Heaven Of o1o- third part Of
its sons.
Lord Bacon, sin the true marshalirg Of the
Sovereign degrees Of honor" asslgns the frat
placc to "the Gonditorts Iaptrte run, found
eFs of States and Cpmmonwealths, ~ and truly
to build up from the disco1dant elements Of
our nature; the passions, the interests, and
tie opinions of the individual man; the rival.
Hes Of family, clan and tribe; the Influences
Of climate the accidents Of peace and war
accumulated for sges-to build up from these
oftentimes Warriug elements, = well-com-
pacted, prosperous and powerful State, If It,
were to be accomplished By one effort, or In
one generation, would require moro than
mortal skill. To contribute In some notable
degree to this, the greatest work Of man, By
wise and patriotic counsel In peace, and loyal
heroism In war, is as high as human merit
can well riae, and far more than to any Of
those TO whom Bacon assigns this highest
place Of fhonoT-Romulus, Cyrus Cmsar, o.
as the founder Of tho American Uu1on. But
If to achieve or help to achieve this greatest
work Of mans wisdom and virtue gives title
to place among the chief benefactors, right.
fu1 heirs, Of the benedictions Of mankind, By
equal reason Ghall the bold bad men, who
eeek to undo the noble work, Egersorcs Lmpe-
riort.m destloJers Of States, who for base and
selfish ends rebel against benedcent govern
ments, seek to ove1turn wise constitutions,
10y powerful republican Unions At the foot OF
foreign thrones, bring on civil aud foreign
.war, anarchy at home, dlctation abroad, des-
olat1on, ruin-by equal reasor, say, yes, q
thousand field stronger, shall they Inherit the
execrntions Of the ages.
STATE SOVEREIGNTY.
But to hide tho deformity Of the crime un-
der the cloak of that sophfstry which makes
the Wotse appear the better reason, no are
told by tho leaders Of the rebellion, that in
our complex system Of government, the
separate States arc Sovereign" and thit the
central poTer is only an "agency" estas-
ahkire, which they could not 80 conveniently
administer Themselves. It happens, uator-
tunatelJ for this theory, that the. Federal
Constitution (which has been adopted by
the people Of every State Of the Union, As
much as taeir own State Constitutions have
bseA adopted, and is declared to ba para
States rs soyese!sns;" in tact that By their
| names, 1t dces not recognize them at ali !;
| while The authority established by that la
| strumeAt is recognized, In its text, not as an
ssagency," but as " tile Government of the
Ulited States" By that Coastitutlon, mora
L. IT, bot to 6s
the United States" it is expressly provided
"that the membe1s Of the State legislatures
] and all the executive officers shall be bound
| By oath or Affirmation to support the Consti-
tuition" New It il common thing, under
by oath to be faithful to bis sovereign, but I
| never heard before Of soYe1el4;ns belog
bound by cath to be faIthfu1 to their agency,
Certainly I do not deny that the separate
States are clothed with sovereign po rers Tor
the administration Of local affair.". It Is one
I Of the most beautiful features Of our mixed
! EpRthm nj pnvArnrr rnt- Init H. IA enun13v +rre
that, In adopting &he Federal Constitution,
the States a6dicated hy express Remuneration,
all the most important functions Of National
Sovereignty, and by one comprehensive self.
denying clause ga2s up T. ~ u r,ght !, to sontra
| Specifically, and by enumeration, they r..
uounced al the most important prerogati7ea
| ofinlependent States,' for peace and tor war,
the right to keep troops or ships OF war IN
| time Of peace, or to engage III Mar unless ac-
! tua1y invaded; to enter into compac. with an
| other State or foreign power; to lay any duty
| on tonnsge, or any lmpost upon exports oI
imports without the consent Of Congress; to
! enter into any treaty, alliance or confedera
| ton; to grant letrefs Of m&rque and reptisai,
and to emit bills Of credit; while MI theat
powers and many others are expressly vested
In the Geneza1 Government, To ascslbe to
political communities, thus limited In their
juIisdicton-Who cannot even establish 4
| post office on their own sofl-tha character
Of independent sovereignty. and to reduce &
national organization, clothed with ali the
tl.Dscendant poNels oi government te tht
States, proves nothing but that tue logic O
! accession is On par with loyalty aud patriot.
Apa.
+. RESERVED RIGHTS.
| Oh, but !" the reserved rightsln And wha'
Of the reserred rights? The tenth amend
ment Of the Constitution, supposed to pro
yide for. :. reserved rights" II constantly NILS
| quoted. By that amendment, "the power,
not delegated TO the United States nor pro
hlbfted by 1t to the States sre reserved to tht
1 States respectively or to the people," Tht
"poHers'' reserved must Of course be suc1
as could have been but were not delegated
prohibited to the States-but to speak Of ths
T. right Of IN individual State to secede as :
| power that could have been, though 1t wa
not, delegated to the United States is slmplt
nonsense:
But waiylng this obvious absurdity. can i
can be no State right to enter Into a now con
federation reserved under a Constitution
which expressly prohibits State 'tto ente
into any treaty, alllance or confederation,
or any agreement or compact with anothe
State or foreign poHer? To ssy that ths
Of secession.: acquire the: right to do the pro
tIongh the States. In Forming tha Constitu
tion, delegated to the United States and pro
liblfed to themselves the power Of declarfn,
Tar, there was By Implication reserved t
I cisrinx war; that though they expressly pro
hiblted to the States. and delegated to til
United States the entire treatv.1nskInr power
they reserve By Implication, for IN expres
reservation Ia not pretended, to the 1udl7iduu
States, to Florida, for instance the Hight +
secede md then to make treaty With Spain
rstroceding that Spanish colony, and thu
!: surrendering to d foreign power the key t
the Gulf Of; Me1ico-to maintain proposl
tiops like these, with whateyer afacse
seriousness 1t Is done, appears to me eyre
! glous triHing,
Pardon; me, my friends, for dwelling o.
, these wretched sophistries. But It is thos
which conducted the armed hosts Of rebel
lion to your doors, on the terrible and Glori
ous days Of July, md which have brough
! upon the whole land the scourge Of an az
gleskiTe aud wicked war-a var which cal
have no other termination compatible wit
the permanent safety and welfare of The cou1
t,Y, but the complete destruction Of the mill
{ tary power Of the enemy. have, on othe
!, his demands and acknowledge his indepen1
. ence, thus resolving the Union at ones Int
two hostile governments, with certainty {
: further dEsinregfation, would annlhila+e th
strength and the influence OF the country
. member OF the family OF nations; afford
foreign powers the opportunity and II
temptation for disastrous and humi1Iatlng i
die and Western States some Of their nqsur'
{ ont1ets to the sea, and Of their most import
. ant lines ct Internal communicating deprtV
the commerce and navigation OF the couatr
} Of two.thlrds OF our sea coast and OF the for
zesses which project u; not only SO, bI
p l ~ t1f