The New York herald., 1863-11-20


though greatly supe Tor IN numbers, crippled az
20 be dis bid from performing the part assigned IL IN
the camra gn. In ths amer General first ect
VIZ the deiea. Hooker's army on the south OF the
Potomac aud direct march on Washington was baIled
he second part OF The Confederate plan and which rs
supposed 10 have been unceraken opposition to the
views OF General lee, to turn the demons alton
nothwsd into real invasion OF Maryland and pconsyl
van1, In the hope that, in this way, General Hooker
would be drawn To distance from the capital that some
opportunity would OCCUR Of taking him St dsad vantagc
aud after dofeaiing his army OF making descent upon
Baltimore ard Washington, This part of General Lees
plan which was substantially the repetition Of that Of
sG2, was not loss sgna!y defeated with what homer 10
the the Union the heights VIII ich we are this
day assembled viii forever attest
buoh time had been useess,y consumed by the rebol
eonersl IN his unnvaiing attempts to outmanouvre &c
neral Hooker Although General Leo broke up from
Fredericksburg on tho Sd OF june til the oath
that the man body OF his army entered Maryland
Instead OF crossing the Potomac he had intondcd.
east OF the Blue Ridge be compelled 10 DO IL at Shop
herdstowh ahd ~ilsmsport, tnus materially derangng
his entire plan OF Campaign north OF the river stuart,
who bad been sent with his cavalry to tho east of the
Huc RidSo. to guard the passes OF the mountains to
mask the movements OF Leo and 10 hafass the Union
general IN crossing tho river having been very severely
handled by peasanton al Beverly Ford. Alde and Upper
ville instead OF beng able 10 rstard General Hookers
advance. wss drivon himself away from hs connection
with the army o. lee and cut on for fortnight from all
communication with it. circumstance to which sneraI
Leo, 10 his report, audos moro than once with evident
dispeasurc Lot us now rapidly glance at tho incidents
OF tho cveatful campaign
penetrated on tho 18th OF Juiy far Chsmbesburg
This movement WAS intended at frs! merely demon
had however tho sautary ofect OF alarmng tho couu
try and vigorous preparations hero IN Pennsyvanis aud
an tho sister atates wore made TO repeihc inroad AT
ter two days passed. at CbaAboTsburg Jan anxious
for hs communications with Ewell. fol- back with his
plunder 10 Dagcrslown. Hero bo remained for several
days and hiying swept tho reccSses OF val
Icy came ,wn tho eastern flank Of tho South Noun
tain aud pushed his maraudng parties far waynes
boro on the 22d tho OF Ewes corps crossed
The river and moved up tn, valley They wore followed
on tho 24ih by Lopgstroct and Hill who crossed at Will
Transport ,nd Shepheristown aud pushing up the valley
enf "a th9 In
whole rebel army estimated at SO 900 infantry, upwards
OF 10000 cavalry aud 900 Or 900 artillery. making
total Of 10000 OF ali arms was concentrated IN Penn
Rylvania
Up to this tim, rcpor! OF Hookors movements had
bcen rocevcd by General Lee who having been deprived
o. h,s cavalry had no means ol obtaining Information
Rightly judging. however that no time would be Inst by
tho eastern side Of The mountains IN Maryland and Penn
syivana aud thus pfeserve bis by tho
way Of willnmspor he bad before bis own arrivl at
Chambersburg directed Ewo TO sond dot chmeos from
his corps 10 Carlisle and York The latter dctschmcot
under early passed through tbs pl,ce or tho 26th Of
Juns You need not follow citizens OF Getty sburg that
should recall 10 you those moments OF alarm and dis,
tross precursors they Of tho trying
which wore 40 soon to follow
hs soon A. General Hooker perceived tha! the advance
Of the Con,oderatcs INTO the Cumberland valley not
more feinL TO draw HIM away from Washington he moved
himself rapidly pursuit htten,pts. We have scen,
Nde 10 harass and retard his passage across the
Potomac These ATTEMPTS were not only altogether un
successful but SO unakfuly made To place tho cntro
federal army between the cavalry Of Stuart and tho army
Of Lee While the latter rss mSssed n the Cumberland
VAliey ctUfrt was cast OIL tOS WIN
army between. and Creggs cavalry IN close pursuit
Stuart was accordingly co pcd 10 force march north
ward which was destitute o. al stratesica cnaracser
and which deprived his CHER OF all means or obtaining
intelligence
Hookor 10 tho purrut Of iSc Tho day after tho robot
army entered Maryland tho Union army crossed tho
Potomac at Edwards Forty, aud by the 2sth lay be
tweon Harper Ferry Frederick Tho force Of tho
cnemy on that day was partly at Chambersburg. aud
partly moy ing tho Cashtowu road the direction Of
Gettysbure Will, tho dotacbmouts iron, Ewel's corps
pf MAJ N AZ
qushanDs oprosite Harrisburg and Columbia. That
great battle mest soon be fought 40 ono could doubt
but In the apparent and pehaps rea absence OF plan
tbs part OF CO. Il impossible to fortell the prscso
OF tho encounter Wherever fought consequences
tho most momentous hung upon tho result
In this critical aud anxious state OF affairs. General
Hooker relieved. and Gcncra Meade summoned
onmitay Judgment reflect tho highest credit upca
him. upon his predecessor, aud upon the corps com
m,nders Of the Army Of the Potomac. that change
could place tho chief command OF nr,o force
on tho owe Of general batIethe various corps
ssriy moving on lines sonewhat divergent aud all ia
ignorance Of the enemy ntendcd point OF concentration
aud not an hours ba9Itat,or in ths adys9Ss
u aay PORTION e The knt,ro army
Having assumed tbs chief command on the e5th Gea.
raj Meade directed bis left wing pnier REYNOLDS upon
Emmcttsburg and bis right upon Now Windsor leaving
and OHIO Railroad and convoy the public property from
Harper's Ferry TO Washington Bufords cavalry was
tnen q, this pscs and fitzpatrick at Hanover where be
encocatercd and defeated the OF StUars c,vairy
who .ss rowing the country In search Of the min army
OF &C. On tho rebel side ltll had rcached Fayetteville
the same road by Iong,rcet tho 10Th Tho eastern
side OF the mountain, seen from Gettysburg. was
vance, and the country swarmsd with his focagng par
ties was now TOO evident to be questioned that tho
burstou some part Of tho devoted vicinity Of 0ottysburS
Tho Goth OF June was day Of important preparation
Al haf past eleven in the morning General Bord passed
through Getty 5burg upon reconnaissance IN force with
his cavalry, upon the Chambersburg road Ths inlorma
tiou obtained By him was immediately communicated 10
General Reynolds, who in lueace directed to
occupy Gettysburg That gallant oftcer. accordingly
with the corps marched from Emmesburg 10 within
miles Of this place and on the right
bank OF Marsh's creek Uur right wing meantime WAS
moved TO Manchester On the day corps Hi
and Iongstrect were pushed still further forward tho
road and distributed 10 tho vicinity OF
Marshs creek while reconnos s,nce msde BY tho
Confederate General pe,srew up TO very short distance
from this place Thus at nghfsl the 3oth OF June
the greater part OF the rebel force concentrated in
the immediate vicinity OF two corps OF the Union army
repose, and deliberate preparation Tor the encounter the
latter separated by march OF two days their
corps and doubtful wha, precise point they
were 10 expect an attack.
ras TaRsK GREAT rAlrig DAYS op IrLy 1863
And now the momentous day-a day n be forever rs.
membcred in the annals OF the c,untry-arivei Fairly
In the morning III, LIST Of July the conflict began.
need not that u would be impossible 10 com
prise, within the limits Of the hour such narrative az
would do anything like full justice 10 the all important
events OF these three days tho merit OF tho
brave Officers and men OF every rank Of every Of
service and OF every ya STATE who their part iu
the tremendous circle alike those who 1by sacrificed
their lives for their country nrd those who survive many
Of them SCARED with honorable wonnds-he objects oe
admiration and gratitude The minute
graphic in the journals OF
the day. prepared from personal observation reporters
who witnessed the and often shared the peri's
which they describe aud The highly valuable "Notes of
Pro jacob o' the University in this place which
am greatly indebted. will sbundsntlv supply tho de-
fciency Of my necessarily too condensed statement
General Reynolds. on arriving st Gettysburg the
morning Of the let found Bnford with bis cavalry warmly
aged with the enemy, whom be held most CALAMITY
check fastening himself 10 tie front, General Reynolds
directed his 10 be moved the fields from the
road in front Of McMillan's and Dr. |
scbmuckers. under OF the seminary ridge and
without moment hes ation attacked the enemy at the
time seuding orders 10 the Eleventh corps General
oNards) 70 advance as PROMPTLY possible. General
Reynolds Immediately found himself engaged with q /
orce which greatly outnumbered his own. and had \
scarcely made bs dispositions Tor the action when he
ell mortay wounded at the head OF his advance The
command Of the First corps devoived General Doubc
and that Of the field General Howard who arrived
II hsf ras eleven with shurzs and Barows divisions Of
he Eleventh corps the latter Of whom received severe
wound Ihrs rssrengheped the % the battle
time side TIE attacks o the rebels
igorously repuscd by wafsworth's division Of the
First corps, and large number OF prisoners. iuclu.
'Besdes the Of nfOrus mentioned the ,eS,