The New York herald., 1863-08-13
INTERESTING FROM RUSSIA.
Ouv %. Pessrsb.rg Cerrespondsnse.


the Potssh Question, DC.
The answer Of government the notes Of the three
Powers appears to have taken the European public
prise. To your readers viii have been less unexpected
my communication Of the 9th instant must have pre-
pared them for it, although confess the truth did not
believe Prince Gortschakon would assumed quite
decided tone, and In particular that he would have ad.
dressed the great arbter Of Europe himself language
which the latter can neither forget forgive There
be no doubt that the focus OF the Polish
tion s IN Paris, and that II Is the moral (and
partly the materially assistance or the French
Cabinet which has alone prolonged struggle
DISASTROUS and damaging to both parties engaged in IT,
But people don't Ike to be told such things openly
said in my last letter that the Of government
meant war, and now saas ie terms IN which conveyed
known thero be further illusions that sub
ject "Fats as Napoleon declared in 1872 "drags Rus
sia on, and her destiny must be fulfilled" When tho
troubles in Poland first broke told you they would
lead TO the severes crisis this country hal passed
through, the Crimean excepted, and my prcdc
ton Is beinI accomplished to the very letter. We W
face OF coalition much formidable than the one we
had contend with at that PERIOD for shall not only
France and England not TO speak Of Turkey against
u.s. but shall be threatened in tho north by Sweden and
likely 10 find active instead OF passive enemy In
Austria while internal position s much less favora
be and the present Emperor with all his good qualities
10 far from possessing the indomtabs energy Of his
father Whether II possible TO avert the conflict by
accepting the propositions OF the three Powers unreason
able and mpractlcabc they werc open question
but the general opinion here that would only have
been humblng ourselves 10 purpose that all conces
sions part would have led 70 frcsh demands on
the part Of advevsaries and that we should nnay
have been driven into var after mourning useless gno
mny in efforts TO avoid it.
In the meantime government doing all II can to pro
pare the terrible ordeal about to be subjected
levy Of recruits has beon ordered the scale
OF ten 10 every thousand Of the male population
which to in October and be completed by
the end OF the year This would add at least three hun
dred thousand to military force but OF course
they would be avaiablc til the spring, when, with
the three hundred raised months ago and
the four hundred thousand Of which the regular army
consisted that time, shall have not far from mil
lion Of under arms exclusive OF the civic guards
militia that have been organized in Moacow md several
other towns and win be extended throughout the empire
Dcducting hundred thousand for the gar
risons or the Caucasus and the long line OF frontier
from the Caspian 10 the Amoor-for which,
however, in proportion TO its extent, not many
regulars wanted tho service Is chiefly performed
by the Cossacks Of Astrakhan, orenburg, Siberia and
VINO I'D AOove CACuit-
ton--incrc viii be much under eight hundred thou.
sand left 70 occupy the western boundaries Of the empire
from the Gulf Of Bothnis the Black Sea. II, tho
other hand, hostiites should commence this fall our
that quarter win be formidable and
will hardly exceed hundred thousand, and strong
reserve must be left 1t Moscow some other centrn
point from which they be directed 70 those point
where their presence rs most required For this purpos
the railroads that have been constructed during tn
last few years. and by which enabled to transpor
troops In few days from Eui-Novgorod, tho volsa
to the Baltic and tho vissula, wnl DO found cxtreme,
useful they have been already during the Polish In
surrcc,on; but tho want OF such OF
ton In the south and southwest win make itself
severely felt than
A. YET the chief concentration Of ides Po
land and Lthuanm-has taken place IN Finland, where
fortified camp has been erected at Tsvastchu which Ia
connected with csingos by the only railroad In that
province. The works Of sweaborg have been greatly
strengthened, and line Of batteries gradually stretch
ing along the whole seaboad f the Gulf Finland but
the assertions Of Swedish pourna that the fortidca
tons of Bomarsund Of recoustruc.
ton IL quite nnfoundsd The uselessness of
these outlying works Was too fully recognized
in the campaign Of 1864 for such be perssei
II IL the defences Of Crensiadt which the greatest
attention paid and under tho personal
o Todlcbcn and his assistant zverc every exerton s
made to render them impregnabe even 10 the iron.
sheatncd fleets Of the present day. The forts Of Peter
Menschsor, Rsbank, &C. converted into many Ma
nsofs The northern channel which constituted
point X the fortress has been entirely blocked up and
impossible that any hostile force viii ever bs abe
the gauntlet the hundreds or guns o. tho heaviest
clibre aud approved construction which
line the only access Die entrance The Emperor n.
tcns In or fT0 lur Efn4a
and Estnona, to inspect the fortiacations gong
there and stimulate the oyai,y Of the uoops ani
the inhabitants by hs presence. he viii bs accom-
tarled BY the Grand Dukes Alexander Vladimir and
Aiexshls eldest son, the Cssarc rich, W travelling m
tho nierf of Russiaan1 escorted BY par u tbs Rattle
sqladfon, Including the heavy Ill Stcs General
Adm aland uatai D0naso which a. 50 "a Al etris
we're recalled fr9n the Mediterranean and the ssuhern
Atlantic On the Grst prospect of hastHtleg wah us
western Powers ami which arrived AZ Cfonaiaft some
wteas sinor At Rcrel the Emperor sla b. oined by
hs brother Nicholas, who commands ~ military Ill.
tt n q. Petersburg which comprros ~ privncos Il
Ilyl1a and Fsthonia, while Gen. Alexander wrsngrl,
al o|cer distlsguLhed for hlA aehieyemcam Ia
tha cauoasus, has been appontsf . command the
trocra inland under The Governor General III Etaaf3g
~ lbe war should break out i win probably 10
thought necs saary secure the unity X opcraoas ~
the western frontier n the hands q person a. uas
deDl u 1919, whom Ku'uyon was male aeHera raln9
th9sg not until the issoasIots between Ragfsla sua
Raiday ~ ToIz had caused much mischief Unfortunate
ly nc Geld " selections Il extremely limited rrnas
wLose ranx 10 ic.s than ns military taogis
~orii enihc him 10 soch past dying Al Grafenbarg
ani tac ony other genorals Of sgcenty nigh standing
for u are Count LADDERS Who not yet recovered
from tie effects n tbe wound receysd last year
ai Wrsaw, and Moursycr tNiooas Ncoaeviteh-
nlt 70 be confoandsd with his brother VI
chae, Tho Govvrror ~ fhhaAna). n tho
ogaon of many Khrulo1 Woaid make better c3anmand
er N chsf thar shsr of tho mentoasa oaoers
the former q rhom y.thres snd 10 second
veny years u age bot hs only ie.,snaut general
and ihoushi impossble,o promote BIN tbs hsais
x ~ many - HIS seniors.
hen arms are resorted 70 roasoning becomes urcess.
and the Efforts cf the RassA press enkteo NE Fsro
r@an pubrc on the Polish qas~thn particularly 81
yuinE 20 the difference a aaanguAge Qpite htas h1w