The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-22


he measure Of indemnity Or To- cbndi-
lion Of their acceptance.
The astute ness which should mission
such terms, in The assurance OF getting
after failure what was offered before re-
lection, may oUtwit itself and lose both
substance and rbado~.
The people of Mary land are not likely
longer % submit the policy OF The STATE
TO dictation of he slaveholding interest
The free white men are the people Of Ma
ryland who henceforih will dictate the
policy of the State, and il is the inter.
est Of the free psopl; Of Maryland, e.pe-
cially Of the FREQ iaborDg people, that
slavery should cease TO degrade labor.
The existence Of slave labor is dis
iurbing element in our social relations;
in our industry, IN our politics.
II creates and maintains a class OF PEE
tenders TO arisyocra,ic superiority over
their fellow citizens, which now splits
into a thousand fragments the social sye-
tenn Of the State, snd subjects labor to
the contempt Of those who have negroes
TO work for them.
Il excludes the immigration of free
lAUDF AuAD lLlD blhNN1 anu 'AANfF AA"fA ~ -
very large proportion Of its native sons,
carrying with them their enterprise, in
dustry and education to swell the power
of the West.
IL depresses Che value of our lands by
repelling the investments of the enter
priing men Of the Free States.
1t keeps our agricultural system be-
low that Of the neighboring Free States
by the wastefulness, sloth and indiiler-
ence inseparable from labor, without hope
Of reward or the impulse of bettering its
condition or any interest in the results
of economy
Its disordering influence on the wealth
aud prosperity of the State is shown by
the difference between the free and slave
counties; The former lie north of the
Ss salras and Patapsco, the latter south
of those rivers.
The free counties contained in 1900
$4,000 cultivated acres, while the slave
counties had 1,747623; but the free
lands were valued at $4785l615, while
the slave lands were worth only S4l, 709, =
GIG.
The farms in the slave counties averag-
ed 143 acres each, SO 1873; She free farms
averaging only lG acres each, were worth
S4935.
The free land was worth S48 go, the
slave land S23 81, per acre.
Thus is the relation of the Slave States
to the Free States wonderfully brought
home to our very doors, and made man
fest within the narrow limits of our own
State.
The contrast is the more striking
when we remember that the slave oOun-
ties are the old the free counties the
new.
The contrast is made still more re-
markable by comparing the assessed val
ne of taxable property in the free and
the slave parts OF the State
The assessed property was, at the ias
assessment by Comp rollers report o.
1859, in free part Of the Stale S2l0 72S,
457; in the slave part of the State only
| S68895,9G8. The free counties alone are
assessed at $84. 1856!
Its political effects are not less remark
able When slavery was established il
was merely form of labor, its contin'
uance or extinction was question OF p0-
litical economy alone.
When il was endowed with political
power it became an instrument of smbi.
ton; and the vast and unexpected ex.
tension of the cotton cultivation ha:
made it an instrument of immense pow.
err. To emancipate the slaves is to de-
stroy this power; and to do that is trea
SON to those who rule by it.
But it ia not the owners of slaves only
who rule By its power; it is politiciani
who own few OF no slaves, who speak il
its name, sand subject the very owners o
the property u their dictatIon,
HOW SHAREHOLDERS RULE A STATE.
This spirit of jealous domination ha
seized on the State Government, and il
1 the interest Of slavery, has subjected th,
majority TO the dictation of the minority
The Government of this State consist
of % Senators, GA d Delegates and Gov
| ernor.
Each county or city sends a Senate
and the number Of Delegates named il
| the Constitution.
The State is divided by the patapsc.
and the SAssafras rivers into a Northern
and Southern portion, of which tbs
Northern is divided into eight counties
the city of Baltimore being on the foot
ing of county politically, and the South
eTn into fourteen counties.
The Southern portion has, therefore
! Ia Senators, a clear majority of the
Senate. In the other branch IL has 81
the Northern 4Omembers of the House o
Delegates.
The southern portion Gs only II
votes, then, TO give it a majority of Tho
Delegates, and the control of the Legis'
! 'lature.
LIS veto in the Senate, if applied e
measures of interest in other parts o.
the State, always suiiices TO secure the
practical control on measures Of common
and vital interest to the power or privile'
ges OF the southern portion.
The white population in the Northern
is 385, 643; in the southern portion l2O,
275; three. fOurths, therefore, are in the
North and one, fourth in the South of the
| State.
10 is this one fourth of the people of To,
State who hold the majority OF the Sc,
mats and the power to control the House
of delegates,
In the North 964l white persons have
q Delegate; in the South 1881 white
persons have q delegate.
In the North 4S ,205 white persons hav,
Senator; in the South 9,3O5 white
persons have Senator.
If we conhne our comparison to the
rural districts, 1881 whites in the South
aud O,104 whites in the North, elect 4
delegate; aud 9,30j in tho South elect q
Senator, which in the Nerth requires
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