davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
Vallandigham and his Mother-In
terestlng Corr RESP ondence.

The following correspondence Il worthy
of careful attention. settling rs 1t does
concluSively. "a matter which. though rem.
dered highly probable hv previous au
thentic stntement, has heenl Ointedly de
MED Icy the Copperhead press of the
State. The character and position of the
gentlemen whose names are appended,
and the nature of the testimony. settle
the fact beyond al question or denial.
IL is worthy of notice that the first pay
ment from a charity fund for the support
of an aged and destitute widow. was
made at about the same period of time
that her distingiii he'd son drew the first
instalment of his salary of $1,000, as a
Member of Congress. 1t is painful to
mink what would be hecondition of Mr.
VS. family and friends if he were elected
to a still higher position with a salary of
but s. SEQ per annum. We commend the
subject to the consideration of such of
his partisans as are indulging fond hopes
of his elevation to the Gubernatorial
chair:
HUBBARD. June. Il.
Dr. f. Nygatt-Dear Sir:-Can you in
form us whether the Presbytery of the
Presby terian Church of this District have
at any time appropriated money for the
support of Mrs. Vallandighom, the moth
er of Clement L. Vallandigham. If they
have. how much. and when. Will you
be kind enough to give us such informa-
tiOn as you deem perfectly reliable in this
matter.
Please direct letter TO either of us to
Youngstown, Ohio. Respectfully.
MADISON POWERS,
I r ~
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
i. f. ASPER.

Attorney at Law, Having retired from Army: on
aceonnt of disability from wounds, would respect
S,1Iy ;nfo-m fhe public that he has opened an Of
ice in River Block, over the Store of Hoyt Os7
born for the practice of his profession He He VII wi
xo;ninS Counties He will also practice before
The Court of Claims. and the Departments at
Washington City. He respectfully soleits ashare
of public patronage. 800
Warren Ohio, April .. 1868.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

Mrs. Partington has bought a horse
who is SO spirituous that he always goes
oeP l.. I. ,la,.rta,
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

Innocence is that affectation Of the
mind which would offend no one.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

ISAAC GRIFFIN,
Surveyor and Notary Public, West Pennington, q
4. ID. FELL.
County Surveyor and Civil Engineer. Deeds ae-
oWledeed and conveyaneing attendedto. Burgh
Hill, Hartford Trumbull Co., Ohio: san
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
F.W. sfEsSERSCHMIDT.

Civil Engineer and Land Surveyor, Warren, Ohio;
Leyeling and Surveying in Coal Mines attended
to. Also Examinations. Maps and Reports OF
Colheries made. April - o.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
zucVrxcHaN- ". 8. DUN
RUCKINGHAM & DUNN
GEORGEF. BROWN,

Ittorneys and Counsellors at Law, Cleveland, Ohlo.
PROMPT attention given TO Collections IN Cuya-
hoga and djoining Counties - ,so =.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
PROFESSIONAL.

Manufacturer of Saddles, Harnesses. Trunks. Se-
Carriage trimmings, at the Center of Pennington.
Trumbul County, Ohio
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
Il, l.. FULLER,

n
A-torpev at Law and Real Estate Agent. at Power S
Csrners, Necca Trumbull County, Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

Attorney at Law, Webb's New Block. Main Street.
Warren. Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

= EurcHISs 2. ". RATLIFF. VI. o. FORREST.
HUTCHINS, RATLIFF q FORREST,
ATTORNEYS at Law; Office over Freeman, Hunt
% = Bauking Office Market Street. Warren. Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
WILLIAM TAYLOR,

and Dealer in Saddles, Harnesses,
Brides Martingales Trunks, Whips, Buffalo and
Fancy Robes, Horse Blankets, Covers, Fly-Nets,
&C. No Il, west side of Main Street. Warren, U.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
CRANAGE GILMORE.

Manufacturers and Dealers in Bsos Shoes. Rubbers,
&c. Also Dealersi in Leather, Findings iLasts. &c,
Market Street. Warren. Ohio
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
". ". HULL. 5. AkD
w. III. HULL CO.,
IEN.NnER ,IcCoXNEIL.

and Brass Founders and Millwrights, Franklin
Foundry, Corner of Liberty and South Streets,
Warren, Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
J. KING.
l. KING. J. KING.
KING e. BROTHER,

Dealers in Watches Clocks, JeweIry, Silver Plated
and Brittsnia Ware, Lamps. Fancy Goods, &C.,
No. 7. Main Street, Warren, Ohio. All kinds Of
cleeks and WstaheS carefully repaired and Wsr-
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
MANUFACTURERS.

JAMESON q WHEELER,
Manufacturers of Stoves, Plows, Castings. .Tinware
Stove Furniture Stove Pipe, &c. No. $, Market
Street Warren. o. April ~, o5.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

J.vAuTRoT. 7. E. LcKLEY.
j. VAUTROT d CO.,
Importers of Gold and Silver Watches, and Dealers
In Jewelry, Silver Ware, &C., Market Street, War
rem. Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
E. HI. ENSIGN,

at,a-nsv at Law and Notary Public, Warren. Ohio,
Collections promptly made, Deeds acknoTledged.
and Conveyancing attended to; office in McComos
q Smiths Block
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
T.. III. ALLISON,

.nufaeturer and Dealer in Boots, Shoes, Leather
md Findings Main Street Warren. Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

". N PORTER. ". p. PORTER.
w. N. d w. #. PORTER,
Dealer in School and Miscellaneous Books, Station
cry Wall Papers, Periodicals, Pamphlets and
Magazines, at the New York Book Store, Main
Street, Warren, Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

3. 4. PECK, Il. PECK.
PECK d BROTHER,
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Foreign and Do
nestle Dry Goods, Silk and Straw Bonnets Trim
mings Varieties, &cy at the sign of the WdrreT
Drv Goods Store" Phoenix Block, Warren Ohio
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

WAR MCKAY, licensed Auctioneer. will attend
to all business in his line. Residence, Brookfeld,
Ohio. Nov. le, lS62-1y*
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

L J. IDDINGs. o. MORGAN
IDDINGS & MORGAN,
Dealers in Staple and Fancy Dry Goods, Groceries,
Crockery, Hardware, Carpeting. Sole Leather, &c.,
at the sign of the Empire Store" Market Street,
Warren Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

Z. SPEAR. K SPEAR, JR-
EDWARD SPEAR a. son,
and Dealers in Lumber, Rough and
Dressed Doors, Blinds, Sash, Flooring. Siding.
Shingles and Lath, No l, Canal Street, Warren, ..
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
]. c. BOWMAN,

Physician and Surgeon, Girard, Trumbull county
Ohio. Particular attention given to Diseases of
the Lungs. Chronic Diseases in general.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

lttornev at Law and Prosecutor for Trumbull
County; office at the Gid Clerks Omce' north oI
the Court House; Warren; Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

The next day he enlisted. | saw him
depart with blu kote on. Ez he had
dent a dollar that Good borrow, | was re-
joist to see him go.
Respectively,
PETROLEUM v. NASBY.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
WHTTTLESEY ADAMS,

Attorney at Law; Office in Jamesons building, Mar
ket Street, Warren, Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
ARTICLE XIV.

No State shall secede without the con-
sent of the Legislatures of the States of
the section to which the State proposing
to secede belongs. The President shall
have power to adjust with seeding States
all questions arising by reason of their se-
cession; but the terms of adjustment shall
be submitted to the Congress for their ap-
proval before the same shall be valid.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

-rr-Ir J. N. sTULL.
FUTILE d STULL.
Attorneys at Law: Office at the old office Of Sutln
q Tuttle High Street, two doors west OF tae amer
lean House. Warren, Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23
/. WENTZ.

PARKS WENTZ,
Dealers In Foreign and Domestic Dry Goods, Crock
ery. Boots Shoes and Leather, Carpeting, Paper
Hangings, Window Shades, Ready Made Clothing,
&c, always cheap for ready pay at the New York
Store Market Street, Warren, Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

Wholesale and Retail dealer in American and For
eign Hardware, Iron, Nails, Glass, &c Van Cor
der's Block Market Street, Warren, Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

wholesale and Retail Dealers in Foreign and Amer
lean Dry Goods, Groceries, Croekery, &c, Corner
of Main and Market Streets, Warren. Ohio.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

n. BIRcHARD. H. h Noshs'
BIRCHARD d MOSES.
Attorneys at Law, Warren O., Office one door south
of GaskiIl House.
April 2, 1s62-tfs
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1863-09-23

J. Dss
Eclectic Physician and Surgeon; Office over Hunt
Browns Leather Store Main Store, Warren, o.
Once hours from to l2 o'clock A. NJ.
The Burlington weekly hawk-eye. [volume] (Burlington [Iowa]) 1860-1876, 1863-03-28
UNION MEETING.

At a recent meeting Of the Union men of
Union Tovnab;n IN tb;s County tho fo,ov;no
-
preamble sno RESOLUTIONS "efs aoopseo'
WHEREAS, The Shareholders rebellion is the
sole result OF long premediated conspiracy,
the legitimate fruit predicted by President
jackson OF y. y. Caihoun's political heresies,
whom he regretted not to have hung, against
the principles OF tree government and the unity
OF our country" TOR the dement, OF the aristo.
cratic few, to the oetrimens OF the working mil
lions; and whereas the reoeis nave denned their
motives by announcing mat slavery and Democ-
racy are incompanoie,Freconc antagonsms,
thus leaving the American people to choose
between Tree lnetituaons OF oeepotlc oneafcny
OF three hundred Thousand slavenoiders, resting
on human oonaaee: 4 tsas.
rescued, Inat, 10 tue language OF the patriotic
.. A. douglas, snere can Do now Dut TWO classes
OF cltizene, patriots or srsitors-snas the time
has come tor everybody TO SHOW his colors, be-
cause he who 10 not tor Us 10 against %; there
fore, We, farmers and laboring men OF Union
so"nsniP, Ues Ao'nes county, Ao"s' sying ssloe
oil party ties. name and influences, do solemnly
pledge ourselves TO ssanc Dy the enity OF our
Tree government, Tree iaDor ana iree speech;
We 90 eau upon .ue I:lners sno .olking men
everywhere 10 unite WIN u. % single man, to
ZION OF parry, gu'ueo ony Dy tne tolrss OF once
LOT .ne sAke ., tue s.4y, 70 oppose Oh signs OF
tIeason' Noln snu oouM' 11Pose 70 tn9
meiteo con'e"P. aIo sc9rn Oh all loyal men all
.r.lso .: ~, ~ sIsy ~ Pescs meeungs, IN
oPPoslus 'u c sn .." lfocM@auon OF ~
say 4snei i sssoa sy sseume 70 create
.' ~ - eIe .N aaN Souiol' w ouk
eneu:o' 'nas suo vu.y way .'sain iassinS
pSn !" W uu'so -: s"' lssus :. our Po"er W
M anuass a S seu suu -: ses'gs 81 treason
Nol.a anu Sou.o, tnas 20 snls enc ngntng ana
uuiet'erea 1eneras VI unaoucteo loyalty ougns
20 De placed 10 commana OF our armies, ana
tra,Soroes organs ana persons put down. Nortn az
wei, p. as o9us m - -, .,.,....o
hesofoed, Ihat wnen the alternative is present
60 TO US OF choosing between slavery ana our
government we cay, perish slavery 'nis reiic
OF baroarism, sno hve' our county.
ieesofpea, lnat our aIni.aNon anu gratelui.
ness to the none nen wno nase iieeiy esPoused
The Burlington weekly hawk-eye. [volume] (Burlington [Iowa]) 1860-1876, 1863-03-28

eE The papers for the discharge of James
W. Tullis and George Hites, of the 94th Regi-
ment, are in the Adjutant Generals office.
Weekly Delaware State journal and statesman. (Wilmington, Del.) 18??-18??, 1863-07-03
TO ARMS TO ARMS !
People Of Wilmington,
Arouse!

The enemy is upon us. No
time is to be lost. Let US close
our shops, our stores, our places
of business, and organize for the
defence of our State and Coun-
try. Old men and young, come
forward now. The glorious old
flag. is about to be trailed in the
dust forever, by traitors and re-
bells; we ask you to stand by
that flag, and save it from the
wanton hands that are endeavor
ing to grasp it from the nation
Delawareans, show your patriot
ism and rally tor the Union, ere
it be too late.
To-day, To-day. Tomorrow
may find the Republic buried il
everlasting night. To Arms
then, To-Arms, and save you
homes from desolation, and you
free institutions from irretriev
able,ruin.
Duty to yourselves calls you
Duty to your country calls you
Duty to God calls you, to forge
all else and strike a deoisiv
blow for Liberty and Union.
Weekly Delaware State journal and statesman. (Wilmington, Del.) 18??-18??, 1863-07-03

d. 1868, the said Richard France, beiug brought
int, court and it Appearing to the court that the
summons Issued as aforesaid, were duly served
the following nsmed creditors to wit, on
Francis Hurley, samuel Townsend, Albert
Faglor, Madison hers Caleb 8. Layson John
1nwerfon. Robert NcCalister. Thomas j. Car
= II. Johnston Butcher, Alfred P. Robinson, ].
IL. Warner, Samuel h. Hitch. Johu b. Penping
Tun. Jeeoh Moore. John A. Harvard, Hiram
-h"rt. Il. Fooks, Cow salisbury. Hiram Me-
Galley, d. G. Barry. The Bank Of Commerce, $.
& Wallis. ]. NJ Campbell, Daniel NJ. Bates,
lanes E. Boulder, Thomas NJ. Laushail. Thomas
Norris. william c Cnwne, George P. Fisher
William Stuarj Brown. W Pinkuey White, aud
It appearing to the court. that the petitioner had
n ,de an assignment Of MI his property, real per
sonal and mixed, TO Albert Faglor aad Caleb 5.
| Layton, Ia trust for themselves and the rest Of
the creditors and the said creditors being called
and no good cause being shown Why he should
uot be discharged, AMI the said Richard France
having taken the oath prescribed by law lit il
o,derei by the court that the petitioner he dis
charged from Imprisonment.
State Of Dsaware,
New casue'County.
49,, |, William G.-Whiteley, Parliamentary
SEAL Of the Superior Court of the State O
~ Delaware, in and for New Cast'
County, hereby certify that the precedinl
pages contain true copy Of the petition
testimony and exhibits, and order Of court on th
application OF Richard France for benefit Of tn
insolyent law.
10 testimony whereof, | have hereunto set M
hand and affixed the seal Of the said court a
New Castle, this fifteenth day OF June. a. u
eighteen hundred and sixty-three
! William @. WnirELRY, Prothonotaiy-
Weekly Delaware State journal and statesman. (Wilmington, Del.) 18??-18??, 1863-07-03
CITY MATTERS.

STARTLING BUT TRuk.-'rhe Volunteers are
Drawing the dangers of Fever ScQrvy, Wounds
and Cholera. Many gallant fellow will leave
his bones to bleach, who, by the aid OF HoLLo-
WAYS PILLS AND OIsTMxsr you'd have returned
to his family strong and healthy. Soldiers, try
themi' Only % cents per box or pot. 22f
TINS ADAMS EXPRESS CoaPAsy.-The Adams
Express Company have now ~ car attached to
the train running from Wilmington to Salisbury,
Maryland, aud intermediate stations, Express
train leaving the depot in this city at O'Clock,
A. NJ To Dover and intermediate stations,
every evening at 81 o'clock. North, at A. NJ.
aud IL NJ, and South at . A. NJ. The Company
are now forwarding freight and parcels TO Fort
Delaware twice day, morning and evening
Persons desiring to send packages to their friends
in the Fifth Delaware Regiment, at the Fort can
now have them forwarded by the Adams Express
Company. Apply TO Samuel +. Belts, Agent, at
the office, No. 6 West Third Street. je 20 I'm
LADIES, will you all take the time to call and
examine Hyde's new Double Gore Tape and
Cord Hoop skirts, made close at top and bottom
which makes them superior to any Skirt in The
market. We can make you Skirt i yards
long. and yards around or we can make you
one % yards around in fact any size or shape
ANY person who will call and look ut our make
of Skirts before buying elsewhere, will mot only
save money but get better article. We fefunI
the money or give entire satisfaction.
W. II. HYDe. Agent, manufacturer OF HooI
Skirts, SOL Market Street, Wilmington, DEL
Branch at Philadelphia. 1856 Arch Street
p. S.-Ladies will please not bring any NOR
Of Cheap Johns miserable Hoop Skirts for me II
repair je 90 2w.
Weekly Delaware State journal and statesman. (Wilmington, Del.) 18??-18??, 1863-07-03
= y = : n
LOCAL AFFAIRS.


ErrroME OF BUSINESS AND PERSONAL INTEL
LIGESoE.-A distribution of the shares Of the
Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Rail-
rond Company, held by the Company in it's own
stock, will be made on the 1st OF August next,
among the stockholders on the books Of the
Company on the 18th Of July, 1863. o..
Mr.. James X. Lyman is building large ba.rn
in Chrisiiana Hundred, near the Swamp. Woods,
of so by 60 feet.
Sheriff stidham, adsertises 10 sell the follow
ing real estate ;-0n the Its day of July st
the hotel Of Springer Mcdaniel, at Stanton, at .
O'Clock, P. NJ, the real estate Of VIM. A. Carlile.
On the same day, at ] o'clock, A. NJ, al Morris
Dickersons hotel in this city, the reil estate Of
John Russell aud George H.. Waters. i--af
Amos Chandler, an old and respected citizen
Of Brandywine Hundred, died on Saturday
morning last. He had served as Levy Court
Commissioner, Trustee Of the Poor and Collector
Of the Hundred. He was upwards of seventy
years Of age l@ e83E q '
David NJ. sherer aud James Smith, who reside
near the Blue Ball, Cecil county, Nd, having
had dispute in regard to boundary line, che
at each other with gunslast Sunday week, whel
they were both wounded. -
Al the meeting of the city council, held OF
| Thursday evening last, on motion Of Mr. DAY
the committee on Public Buildings were instruct
ed to hsve salute of so guns fired at su urise
90 at snnset, that the City Hall bell be ru pg Al
the same time, and also 10 make arrangements /,
hold public meeting at which the Declaratiol
Of Independence should be read, on the 4th da,
Of July next. They were directed also TO re.
quest all the Fire companies to ring their TELLS
The committee was also authorized to empl oy /
band OF music il they should deem it expedIent
Chandler Paterson, who resided near Perry.
vile. in Cecil county, Nd, went into the celia
Of bis house, on the 10th inst, and hung himself
lie was about sixty years OF age, and In 200,
circumstances. He had been laboring under ,
depression of spirits for come months in conse-
qlence Of the troubles of the times.
MAsoSIc.-At regular meeting Of the Tenn
pie Lodge, No. 9, Milford, Del, June "a, A. d
1868, A. t. 6S63, the following officers were dul,
elected for the ensuing tern. VIM. N. W
Dorsey, W. NJ, d. G. Godwin, Sr. w.. G. s
Watson, Jr. W, Ex-Gov. VIM. Burton, TT, c
j. Hall, Sec, and Rhodes s. Hemmons, Tyler
FATAL AccIDEsr.-The Peninsular Nsws says
Ore day last week little sou Of Mr.. Philemon
Carter residing near Whitleysburg accidentl,
shot and killed colored girl the slave Of Mr.
@. The boy was playing with the gun which b,
had no idea was loaded, and in sport pointed /
at the girl who cried out ''dont shoot nae !" whtr
Instantly the gun discharged. The contents
entered the face Of the girl inficting weunt
which proved fatal in a few hours. This is on,
J Of many similar accidents occurring daily, which
are too often the result Of criminal carelessuess
A loaded gun should never be left within reach
Of child,
Weekly Delaware State journal and statesman. (Wilmington, Del.) 18??-18??, 1863-07-03

time busily engaged in gathering their crops,
who were required to make great sacrifices
to meet the call made on them by the Go
.vernment, yet in the face of these facts, when
the order came, they left their fields OF
ripened grain, turned their horses loose, and
with cheerfulness and promptitudo worthy
of the cause in which they are enlisted,
buckled on their armor and have gone forth
TO do battle for our free Republican institu
tions. These men are worthy scions OF their
Revolutionary ancestors.
The Union men Of Kent and Sussex owe
it TO these noble-hearted men, while they
are absent, to see that their interests do not
suffer- Unite yourselves in companies,
leave your Offices and workshops and go
forth and gather in their harvests, and
attend to their families. We live in perilous
times every man has duty to perform !. a
part to do in preserving our liberties, and
those who do not join the armies of the
Republic should be willing to lend helping
hand to those who leave their homes and all
they hold dear, and go forth to battle in the
sacred cause of freedom. Our gallant little
State has done much in the struggle for sell
government, but more is required of her
and more she will give. In the Revolu-
tionary struggle she sent more men TO the
field than any of the Colonies, and woI
for herself a glorious name and in this, Thu
second war for free government, she vii
maintain unsullied her fair fame, and Civ
her sons freely to maintain the nation
honor.
To Col. Wilmer, too much credit capno
be given. zealously, nobly is he laborin
in his countrys cause. With sleepless Wig
lance he is doing his share towards sayin
our State from the evil Vaccinations of dc
nestle foes, and preparing men for tn
fight. Our State has great cause to b
proud Of this noble officer.
In one of the Smyrna companies, thei
was drummer named Freestone, who is u
wards of seventy years old. He served as
= volunteer in the war of 1872. All honor
If the brave old patriot.