, 1863-09-13

0CH WASHINGTON LETTER.
speeial corrttpSadeace Of the Chicago Tslbune.1
NAsHlSoroN, Thureday, Sept. g, 1861
The letter Of Joh1 G. Calhoun, recently
aates hack to the seed time Of the present
ha11est Of treason, blocdstcd and rebellion.
Calhoun Tab the great lusbandman. His
raster spirit, disappointed In the impatient
a1d uEcoptlollablo desire 10 be President,
the Tics, md lald the foundations,
deep in tho preJudices and passions of thc
Southern people, for the s1aycholdtng Con.
fsdcracg, Of Which Lp hoped to be Inc tirst
had. But the work was more difficult, and
thc time necessar, for lis CON l'letion greater,
than he antleip~tcd; and tic a,ch.tra!tos
scarcely lived lorg though TO get sight of
the Irc1niscd land. ue made a mistake, Ia
the arst place, In selecting an Issue. Ii he
had e 1nntLct6 With t1arcsy instead of tho
tal1G pollcy, Of which ha waa tbs vrlglnator,
1t IN not In. probable TINT he kht hare 1Ivcd
ia rpap the haryest he had sswn
hann was ,ns oriEInn1tSS t. ssy that NJ ca.
policy In thls county. whlc1, liz afterwards
hud lie .11ont,T 10 aenouncr IL thu essence |
Of tyranyy, aua 10 &llege as d sufficient jnstl.
licatlon of Modification and dlsun!on. In |
1916 hc WIS thr !. adcr Of the House Of Repro
n.iuletratlun Of tho day, Mr. hiadlson's, and |
the iEaugurator Ut The policy OF protection |
IL dontttic Industry. 1havu nowhere sccu |
lint doctrine moro broadly stated thsn tn Ills
speech Oh January 31st. 1915, upon the pend.
Ing tariG bill. 10 and It rcpeated tn tho An.
.sls oi Ceig'ets, complied BY Ga1es aud
uatcn:
"Mr. Calhoun preceded TO another topic
the IT copsoEcnatnt proper to be naorted
10 ihc irdustty Of the country. In regard to
tho qu." .".ion, Row t4r nlanutacturee ought to
l'o fos,e'ed, Mr. G. eald 1t va. the datJ Of
courage the doMc cssIc Industry Of tho coun.
t1y, lore especially that part Of It which pro.
.ides the necessary materials tor clothing and
defluee. Let us lock at the nature Of the
posses sion of Tie ocsan. No man, however
far guIne, can believe that We can deprive her
toon Of her lredomInancc there. Tint con-
troll depriyes u1 Of the means Of maintaining
our army and navy cheap1y clad. The quss-
tion 1cIatirg to manufactures must not ds-
left to pursue Its OWN course, will and In its
own Interest all The encouragement that is
| csttary. ! lay the claims Of the manufac-
lnre1s entirely out Of view, said Ar. c.; but
intcfrst, ccrtain encouragement should be
| extended ut least to our WOODEN aud cotton
! uonu1actu.ce." n
| Arolher great hobby with Mr.. Calhoun at
this period ot his life, hut which lie after.
&ardk held TO be sufficient justification Of
| ,reaaon and rebellion, WAS internal Improve
| 1ntnts. or the construction Of roals, canals,
| Nc, ty the General Guyernmrnt. In the
sane epct ch from which have quoted above
he ta3s: ...
population and wealth, POSSESSES equal ma.
teIlals for power with ours. The people, In
muscular vigor, in hardy mud enterpris!ng
h.bite, snd In u lofty aud Ealltnt courage are
turTassed by none. In one respect, and tn
my epinlop, In one only, We are ins'erltlly
great In proportion to our numbers. The
common strength is brought with difficulty
to beur upon thc point that may be men
Iced by the enemy. Good roads and canals,
judiciously laid out, aro the proper remedy
The want Of them! Besides the tar
J dlrces and consequent iufBcicncy o.
our military movements, to "hnt IN
cressed expense Was the country put foi
the a.tielc Of transportation alone! II IN
ticular would 70 far towards indemnify Ing u
fer the expenses Of constructing the means o
spsaiine Of the effects Of our extended ter
.itorJ In ils usual aspects. and aiees sh9wiu!
! phcrr, republican form Of Government
} Lot iEcomratlble With wide extent Of couu
. Try, he proceeds to point out the great dan
ser, This yas: area he says .'has exempted 2
!. lmsll republics Of antiquity; let 1t not, hoH
f ever, be forgotten; let It forever bc Kept I
9 mind, that ii exposes us to the greatest Of Al
t calamities, next to the loss ct liberty, an
: tvea to that III it, conseqnences-dlsAalo,
: the extI.mes With This, the center of the II
; public, weakens the Union. Nothing
It not esen dissimilarity Of largu,ge, tend
d 1Ecre to tet1nnEe man from man, than dls
). tanee. Let us then, said he, bind the reru1
u tic together With perfect system ot road
I aid canals Let us conquer Epace."
'6 There who hare only known John c, Ca
J. horn Is the great Nullifcr-the crest eneu1
!, Of The protective rollcT, and of Internal In
pr1veIents By the General Government, vi
le be ptone to susptc: that there Is some MI
d take In these quotations, md that they prof
ID Their broad, national spirit, whatever may
thought Of the abstract merits Of protcctio
p to domestic industry, Is in such striking col
= = trast with The subsequent career Of the
4 auttcr, that the mind Of he resder is puzzle
p IN adjusting. the several parts Of the man
Is history togtther so as to make conelste1
" whole Nj. Calhoun found the zane difIlcu
u " himself, and in publishing h]
life and speeches fe~ years oefol
y bis death, Mr. Calhoun .Eaw the log
| Gel AkEEtFtkF "a O4cAu1sEA0A AA9 N%A4AG4 <1A&V
e up 10 and including the period Of his att1n
III 1Ir. Monroe's Cabinet, a. among tho indi
cset:ons Of his youth. Not one Of the greA
"a wiec and patriotic speeches made By htn
:. rttr, il to be found in bis published work
Dc Indeed, the student OF history In future AZ,
D. may well mske the mistake Of and!ng lW
Johu G. Ca}houns, one Of whom he intg1
% likcn to Cicero for Fisdom, eloquence III
e patriotism; and the other to Cataline. whs
9f f,n. MI II, f1.ss fowl +f orA
~ t1eafon nd rebellion.
n A venerable GenteC,An Of this city, VII
q Fnew Mr. Calhoun Intimately In bis bctt
60 Gsss, Nhtn BIS mind WA untullled BY Sc
tional prs3udices, and ire sensible conspir
o1 etes, sep7csepts him 81 being an eathuxi st
q :he cause OF Internal Improvements By Il
- Gene1al Government 1t was his hobby, at
J.. If he met Eau from the top of the Koct
=, Mountains, be wouldprom1+e hl1 canal,
y Ut least turnpike road, to comc xfshiu 4
y miles OF his house, At no distant day. 4
u. =. views Eese al laige and national, and
u1 seemed never to think Of South CArollna. {
= etpt as Part Of tie country. ! have befo
na nc pamphlet which bears date Novembt
1873, e'gusd 'Earo1ina" It is entitled ~
Address 10 the Citizens Of North Carol'n
O. The subject Of the Presidential Election
Of NJ. CslEonn & the Presiden,i.l eandida1
II. his opponent for the n2minstlon1 ~ !
~ srltcr seems TO think. estpg " Csax19, =
~
Il. | Calhoun Upon the country, upon grouu
~ which would make him faTorite
New Ergaard or Northern nAno
%" It the present day. i ahoK
or that from bfa youth up he had been tn
ih- ouskly tmhucd with Republican ideas
-. sp<aks Of hls.csreer at Tale College, Ia Viii
ne he won the applause Of Dr.. Dwight By t
ets fo1ce snd eloquenco With which he cont
yc1ted the Doctors misgivlnGs a8 to Repr
IN, liean Goye1nntnt Federalism WAS la+E.
-. In tho atcendsns In the college, and Nj. c
aas Aonn upheld the Republican cause alns
Set single handed, but With "such depth
70, thanrht, and power Of ssguueut," that t
A. noctor Hrrrdicted his fature 1ise to I
ltslckt honors Of the Republic" The pa
ne ptlet quotes from the speech Of January
his ISIS. The above extracts, except that ton
lny Ing tho tariff. It also contains the folio VI
M 1atsaEe from the same speech ,Address
~ himteA to the members Of tho House,
sm- said:
hat 'lInow of no situation 80 responsible
I'D propeTly considered, - ours. Weare charl
BY frovidence, not only With tho happia
eea Of this great snd rising people, but, Ia : c
rt~ siderable degree, with that OF the hun
tho race We hare government Of a a'~