Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1863-02-26

are, with scarcely an exception besides cotton,
ia excess of the quantities exported in 1861
The exports of cotton yarns were 9l,5O0Ob0
pounds in 1862, against l7S 000,O90 pounds 10
1851, and 1877 600 600 in 1850. The declared
value viii be about E6 600 600 in 1862, against
nearly GI0 000 900 ia 1861, and 60 500. 600 in
1860 These figures show decrease OF exports
Of cotton Of ninety-fpur per cent upon 1861,
and Of one hundred aud fifteen per cent. upon
1867 and as regards value, of sixtY-t7ur per
cent. upon 1861, snd flty-eight per cent upon
1860
l mention this to show that tha policy Of COM
mercisl freedom pursued by tho government has
teadei to increase our exports, aud would have
continued to do 50 if there had bsen no civil
war in America, and that Ne Ffsnch treaty has
gone far to counterbaaacs the less which has
arisen from the failure Of the cotton supply.
The exports of Frsncs, had the cotton exports
been in proportion to other articles, ss It would
have been bat for these unfortunate events,
would have amounted to soma 9l0,00OO09
sterling. The exports Of the United States in
1862 will probably amount to El3 500 008,
against co 600 900 ia 1861, sad e2l 100000 in
1860. It is remarkable that, Notwithstanding
theMorrill tariff, the general requirements the
United States have uecessitsted an increase Ct
exports from this country in 1862 Think va
have therefore, a right to Congratulate our
ourselves upon the success Of the commercial
policy which the liberals supported the govern
msnt in carrying through Pariisment the sss-
sion before last; and If It had not been for this
sousd commercial policy tbs distress undet
which the country noH abOrs would nave Dsea
materially increased.
We have almost made this American q1es-
ton an English one, and people discuss 1t vita
all the eagerness Of these who are parties 10 ths
conflict think that to Interfere by the ex-
preston Of opinion to this exteut would not BE-
wise; and, for one, should not 60 far IN that
direction but l don't feel myself precluded
from Teverting to the past. Without undert2k-
ing to predict what will be the termination Of
the war, viii state what believe to have been
the caase and origin, and what is necessary TO
be settled in order to secure permanent an1
lasting peace. 1 have often been astonished TO
hesr it asserted that slavery had nothing to do
with this war, for somehow slsVery must have
TO do with it, because it constitutes such great
distinction in itself between the two communi-
ties. have examined documents Of uadoubted
authority to ascertain what were the. causes
which the secessionist States themselves alleged
as the ground for taking up arms, In order to
separate themselves from the rest of the Union.
The first State that separated was South Caro-
lima When they first seeded they published to
tbe world formal declaration Of the ground Of
their secession and the other States follow
cd seeded exactly upon the same grounds.
What were these grounds
The first part of the South Carolina deelara-
ton consists of an argument showing the legal
ity of secession; that if they choose they have
a right TO secade aud the latter part goes on
to state the grounds on which they think proper
to eoerce that secession. These were that q
geographical line has besn drawn across the
Union, and all the Safes north of that line have
united in the election ofs man TO the high Office
of President of the United States whose opin-
ions and purposes eIe hostile to slavery. 1t was
not that President Lincoln had been elected
contrary TO the forms law, that there had been
any violation of TIE Constitution, but it was that
/ he held opinions hostile to slavery. In another
part of this declaration they complain that the
| Northern States have assumed q right to decide
upon the prOpriety Of thair domestic institution,
aud have denied tbs right Of prepsrtY esfab-
| lished in fifteen States and recognized by the
/ Constitution; they have denounced as sinfal
| the institution OF slavery, and have further az
graYated the curse by investing great political
/ question with the sanction Of an eTroneOcs reh-
/ gious belief therefore thore is an end TO the
question that the S5ushern States did not ssceda
en- the question Of slavery
They have stated that it was on account OF
| slavery, ani nothing else. Ia tact, Out of the
four gentlemen who were nominated to the 0fi. &
of President, three held opinions favorable tc
/ slavery extension and to the policy of the fugt
tive slave law; but Mr.. Lncola was di5tiu-
| ouished from the rest by holding that Congress
had a right 10 prohibit the extension of slavery
into New States, and was opposed to tho policy
| of the fugitive slave law. These were the opin-
ions on which he was elected, and must cor
/ fess they appear to me to be very reasonable
| opinions The South seeded in coRseq quenoe o.
| believing that slavery would not be safe under
| Mr.. Lincoln's executive, and that the carrying
out of the fugitive slave law was not likely tC
be permitted. II Mr.. Breckipridg5 had beer
elected, there would have been no secession, Is
he was the candidate of the Slusb, Ia favor O.
/ the fugitive slave law, and Of opinion that Con
| ersss had no right to- prohibit the extension oi
slavery Seces son had taken place, and the
consequent war for the purpose Of perDetuating
| cherishiDg and extending slavery don't b.
lieve that an empire having slavery as its basis
can be prosperous, happy and enduring empire
and cannot therefore desire to sec one established
in my pzrt Of the world, The bishops Of thl
Episcopal Church of the Confederate States
have said that the abolition Of slavery IS hateful
inidel and pestilent. /, on the contrary, belev
that slavery is hateful, in6del and pestilent.
I I viii not predict the course which the evant
of this war naay take; bat looking at the map
which did to-day, it appears to me that tn
geographical p sition Of the North, so far g
! territory is concerned, is stronger than it wa
twelve months ago. They have suffered grea
defeats, and they have had some successes; bu
l find that the North are now possessed Of large
territory than they were twslve months age
Missouri, which was then debs,sble ground
they now possess also kentucky and Wes
Virginia, and a portion ef louisiana It, there
! fore appears that the territory which the Mort
possessed at the beginning of last year has no
been lessened, bat increased, in exteat tn
right honorable gentleman then ststsd that on
policy must be strictly neutral, that the propose
frsm France for mediation had been respectful.
declined, that be should rejoice to SEQ the Wa
terminated, but that he thought we should at
stain from Interfering until the time came Whe
we might be asked to give our good off ses- 1
we wers invited by the proper parties to TAX
part 10 any negotiations for peace, then we nigh
do so; but if we undertook that Office withou
being asked, and before the proper time, il woul
not tend to the promotion of our amicable Tel'
tons with America
|. After a few other conclG ling observations th
right honorable gentleman resumed his se'
amid loud cheers.
a War Speech by Johu Van Buren.
IN Tbnrgdav aveninO John Van Ruren AZ