The New York herald., 1863-05-06

SUPREME COURT or faB UNITED STATES
Re0rGa u1xation o. the DAstrtcts-Ths
New Judges, 90.
One Of the three coordinate branches OF the general
government Is the Judiciary Department and although
IN the clash Of arms and tho -tumult q war laws
are said to be SILENT still the Supreme Court OF the
United States In It's orb-restrcted 10 sare.
by tho rsbeon-ss effectively did when the country
lay at peace, aud sound OF heard within IT,
broadii limits. TO that tribunal are brought court
last resort questions Of law wherein the constitution
ay ofacts OF Congress Of State statutes 10 brought
question: and at It's late session has been called
10 decide questions Of public character
Uae Of these tho question raised In regard to the
seizure Of the Hawatha and other prize vessels whether
the President was clothed with power to establish block
ade without any legislative action and 10 impart that
act all the consequences TO neutras Of asoemn Ths
other was whether the Banks or Commerce and OF the
Commonwealth OF this city. were justified in claiming
exemption from State tax such portions OF their capi
tai invested in United States securities Both
these cases were argued by eminent counsel from this
city the government being represented the first by
Mr. William n. Evarts and the oity OF New York being
represented In the second byr. John e. Dsven, the
Corporation Counsel and Mr. James Brady. The deci
sohs both cases favorable 70 the interests oghe
general government.
The Supreme Court OF the United States Is. We
believe, the only ono or our courts wherein
some little of the Cormaiitiss and ceremonies
which surround English courts Of justice OBJ
served. The Judges wear the black silk robe. but do
not disdgure themselves With the ridiculous horsehar
wig, which has survived In England all Innovations and
progress Their entry iaso the court room-the old
Senate Chamber-s heraded by usher who announces
Ther Honors the Justices o the Supreme Court Of the
United States" Etiquette then requires that all the per-
sons in court shall standing position while the
Judges making their way to their several chairs, and
return respectfully the salute which their Honors make
before taking their seats. Then the crer, In the usual
"Oyez 0yez" style OF proclamation that the
Supreme Court OF the United States is in session.
Until recently the Court consisted OF nine Judges Their
names and the districts in which they presided admin
istering federal law, were as follows -
Fsra-Maine, Massachusetts,, New Hampshire, Rhode
Island-Justce Nathan Clifford.
Second.-New York, Connecticut. vermont-Justcs
7hid.-Pennsyivania New Jersey-JustIcs Robert G.
Grer.
F0nrsA-Delaware, Maryland, virglna-chief Justice
FVM.-Aiabama, Kentucky Iouisana-Justice John A.
Campbell
Siash.-Georga, North Carolina South Carolina-Jus-
tice names N. Wayne.
SsvenA-Illinois Indiana, Michigan, ohio-Justcs John
Eighth-Kentucky. Missouri. Tenuessse-JustiOs John
Catron.
NnthArkansas, Mississippi Justice Peter v. Daniel
There was vacancy the bench to be nlled when
Mr. Lincoln entered the Presidsncythat occasoned By
the death Of Judge Daniel, Of Virginia.
The resignation OF Judge Campbell, Of Alabama-who.
owing to the secession Of his STATE resigned bis scat the
ID Of May Iceland the death Of Judge Mclean or Ohio
on the 4th OF April left vacancies 70 be nled
by Mr. Lincoln. The Organization Of Tenth judicial dis
trl-that Of tho Pacidcmade fourth vacancy. These
vacancies been recently sd by the appointment Of
the following gentlemen Associate Judges @ the Su.
preme Court, viz
Noah H. Swayne, OF Columbus, Ohio.
Samuel II. Miller, OF Ke0kuk. Iowa.
David Davis, OF Bloomington, Illinois,
stephen J. Field, OF Yubs, California.
So that the pesonna Court and the arrangement
OF the districts now stand as follows
Roger B. Tsney, OF Maryland, Chief Justice.
James N. Wayne, of Georgia, Associate Justice.
John Catron, Of Tennessee, Associate Justice.
Samuel Nelson, Of Now York, Associate Justice.
Robert G. Grer, OF Pennsylvania, Associate Justice
Nathan Clifford, Of Maine Associate Justice.
Noah H Swayne, or Ohio, Associate Justice.
Samuel H. Miller, OF Iowa, Associate Justice.
David Davis, Of Illinois, Associate Justice.
stephen J. Field, Of California, Associate Justice.
William 7. Carroll, Of District of Columbia, Clerk.
is. Black, OF Pennsyvania, Reporter.
To these Judges the followns districts sssiyued
Pirm Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connectcut,
Yo Samuel Nelson
-Pennsylvans, New Jerssy-Justce Robert O.
Rrier. ,, r,.. 49,
llna-Chief Justice Roger Tansy.
FsfM-south Carolina, Georgia. Florida, Alabama. Mis-
sissippi-Justce James n Wayne.
SsiA-IOuissna, Texas, Arkansas, Kentucky, Tennes-
ses-Justce John Catron.
Seu,,0 Ohio Indiana--Justiee Noah II. Swayne
NvgAM.--Mchgan, Wisconsin, nlinois-Jussscs David
Davis
Ni~A-Mains, Iowa, Kansas, Mnnssosa--Justioe
1en2.-rhs Pacific States and ferri.ories--Justcs
S'Sh@~~ - ~.~ ,r,o-~
Judge swayne the Judge Mclean has beet
for some thirty ysarspast the leading members
the Ohio bar and has reputation for great legal
ability and purity OF character personal and professional
He belonged originally the democratic party though hs
took very part in politics But at the time OF the
repeal OF the Missouri Compromise ne joined the large
emigration the republican party, and has since acted
with that organization He 10 said to bs conservative In
his views so much that three four years ago
while he the Supreme bench OF Ohio, he upheld
the constitutonalty Of the Fugitive Slave law, giving
thereby great offence to the republicans who refused te
renominate him. He is some sixty years OF age,
OF dgnlaed appearance and possesses sound and vi
gorous constitution.
Judge Field is brother OF David Dudley Field, law
yer of high position in this city and OF Cyrus Field
OF Atlantic telegraph celebrity. ne resigns the Chic
Of the Supreme Court Of California 10 Oil The
higher position on the Supreme bench Of the United
States he emigrated TO California In lsi9, was mem
ber of its first Legislature, and was elected TO the su
preme Court Of that State for six years from January
1855 He will bring to his position intimate know
ledge OF those intricate land questions which the acqusi
tion Of California and New Mexico has introduced into
udcae and TO which the Supreme Court Of the United
States has had to devote much OF its time and attention
In that respect he will be useful member OF the Court
Judge Field is said to have rendered very efficient
1 uH
| OF the secessionsts. he Is in the prime Of man
hood, being only some forty six years Of age.
Judge Davis has also been the bench In his State
He was Judge OF the Eighth circuit OF Illinois, and ha