Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1863-10-15
a pAraaovrC LEFERR.

/ miHdsd and greatly respected eitBeh ei Cneiisa
tor g A1r. RiVes Of tais ase, has been Sas
mittsd to Us for publication. We Willingly
make place E1r paper II whiea lhs deep c}a
viction of right and The Arm determination Revsl
to relax @, yield, felt by sur whole people, tnt
such earnest and vigorous expression;
CaARLEsToH, soBtsmber %, 1868.
! My DEAR 5lR: Beyond the pleasure OF otter
ing ny cordial saigtsti0ns, I hsVa bat sicgle
q 0bjses iH bhia lrsspaIs On yaUF time. As eitl'
sen Of an iui1red country, Let me thank you for
your letter 70 Mr.. Deane, of Lynebourg; aud
Whie doing SO. lei ms appeal, nos only 70 yo1i
indulgence, but possibly to your remembrance
Sonss thirty years ago, re Hfes at the springs
] of Virginia, since which Il has not been my
good taFtuRs 90 have our intercourse renewed
ssvs by an occasional note - very distant inter
vsls.
We couvsrsed freely on Mr.. Calhoun's doc
trine OF nulliHeatioH When we parted, nay
own observations as 10 ths influence Of that doe
trira were a. your request committed 70 writing,
and b. your favor, presume it was, that those
IuueTfest views Of a stapsHdoHs question found
then way 50 the columns Of the Richmond Es-
qairer Oaa-taird Of a century has passed away.
b. aye nearly completed the fourth score OF life.
Yet the incidents referred to, besriag strongly
on cur c0uatYy' welfars, have never been erased
from my mind. We vera both Union men.
had gone through ordeal which made sym
pathy acceptable. You most courteousiy gave
it, aud ten, as aoE, il grstifed me to find that
I was enlisted uudsF the same banner with your
self Of Mr. Calhoun / never said word that
might not have been spoken in his presence, be-
cause never had a feeling toward him but of
| equal admiration for his gigantic intellect aad
| for bis sp0tess integrity-fselings that were
mingled with a grateful sense Of kindness and
! confidence received 81 bis hands, 20 the very
end Of his brilliant ezistsDco. And when the
moGrnful duty had to ba performed Of rseeiv-
| ing his body from the Sonata of the
! United States, felt elevated by tho
order from our Executive to proceed
| with others in every way more distinguished
! thsu myself, direct TO Washington, for this sa-
cred purpose All the affecting scenes which
tTanspired during cur missioa especially ia Vr-'
| giaa, are now before me- showing that = bright
| light had been eztiuguished. and that the
Mother Of States" felt deeply the bitter cslami-
ty which rested upon Us sli There had been
a diff 5rence between Mr.. Calhoun and myself
on the subjsct Of notification, only; in the
other great measures of his eEentful life, there
were mona. As his friend, 7 hon0Eed him; snd
Sc his nsIghbcr, valued an association with
him. which was intimate, confidential and unTs-
strained. I say unrestrsined, because the car
dinal objects of bis pure life were to save the
Constitution aud Che Union; and because he
kaew thst such was the highest aspiration Of
ny own mind
Shall be CHARGED with vanity for saying theTs
bad been difference between Nr. Calhoun
and myself" IF so, my answer is, that it was
a Differences as 20 the remedy, not as to the
grievance. Such difference as exists between
common men and their supsrioTs, in a stat9 Of
socisty wbers both sTs accustomed TO the refine
ments cf life. and, therefore to the freedom OF
cpi-icH. From my EARLIEST recollection Lad
been devoted 30 the Union u was NY inherit
sHes 70 be so. Ny whole family hsd gone with
Washington, and al subsequent tsachinrs were
utterly diJregaTdad Others nay be seem in the
same category, and viii doubtless spask out
with - much honesty. and with far more ability,
for themselves
[ have said that ny "veneratioun vas for the
UsiOn; but Il ws5 the Uuion, as Mr. Calhoun |
50 often and 50 ably stated, ander lhs COHsti- /
tiLtiOH'-the Union, ia keeping with the princi- /
Pies and purposes, as they are set forth IN every
clause Of ths instrument from the drst woTd Of 1
the preamble" te ths last word Of the last 4
smo1dneut; and if this was a weakness. it had /
become the ulOst cherished "inGrmity" of my /
wh0.s Eztare. In those days, however. Hr. /
Lincoln was as obscure As myself and the /
81 crashing cut rebellion" as q term to be az
Piled TO sovereign States, would only have been .
considered vulgar expression, Hos 10 be toler-
sted n sho presence OF respectable people.
When the revolution which separated Us from
the mother country terminated, who were tho
persons living ia eontiEuiEy with each other /
Ia there s. FreBhmaH 20 be found =ho will uei
say States" Hnd States only Perfect 'fu3e-
perdence" !" Each sovereign over its own terri
tory Esch passing laws 70 suit It's oWa con
7enencei Each making life, liberty, sud prop-
eytY depend on those laws, from which there
was no sppesl They had met in Convention
in l777 and adopted what was called the "Arti-
cie5 Of Confederation" These articles being
found insufficient they naet again ia 1857 al
ways IS States" and submitted to their differ
sat g0UerameHfs'' what was afterwards knOwu
s. the Constitution Of the United Ststes"-
These different governments considered the doe
ument submitted to them, and adopted il at diff
ferent periods, 01eT TgHgs Of ti00 gears They
ware free 70 rasiy eT object as to |
themselves seemed best tor themselves
and, if there be any "doubI'' on this 4
sGbieci, it exists because article 7th of the Cons-
luton has not been properly or faithfully read
The "Old Thirteen" bad gene into convention,
not to obtain rights, OF 20 make these they pos
iessed more perfect, but to form compact for
heir mutual benefit By that compact they i'm
posed duties on their agents. and to enable those
agents to perform the duties assigned thena
hey-the Slstes-cOnieTTsd "oOwsrs" adequate
% those "duties" "-"rghts" being reserved to
he States themselves. And whyf Because
hey were sensible men, and honest men, know
TX AAAA HtAA Ludh AtE4t5 WeI5 ilueiGEEs ana
hat powers were derivative, and that such W ere
he relations about to be established between
themselves, (the Sistes), and the cO-partnership
hey were forming. But if any men who ever
lat at any meeting ever assembled, at any time,
Il AmeTiea, had ever dreamed Of the powers
conferred being used to subjugats, TO destroy,
% snnihiate the parties from whom al power
that man WAS singularly resoluts IN
ne mysterious silence so pgr5everingly adhered
o. Eor more than fifty years the Government
'sd been controlled BY the South, and the Con- ,
itUtiOn remained as it came from the hands of ,
Is trainers
From the beginning, thu productions Of tho
south were aade tributary 20 the North, and the r
south submitted because, If permitted, she ,
would have preserved the Union but the popu-
ation Of the North increased in proportion to The
dvantages she enjoyed and not satisfied with
PlunSeT," she became bent Upon destruction
he South protested, and the foreign element
gas appealed to to put down the South and 10
b-iteFate the Constitution. The violence Of ia,
atics was invoked the hatred of The Abolition
its became bitter ard furious their most prom
1ent advocate proclaimed an 'irreprsssible con- y
les between the two parts Of the Union the &
anguAge OF condemnation and Of insult became
le common parance Of the day and when the e
ext Presidential election was approach O
Y, a Northern man Was selected, not Z
eeaasa anybody was weak enough 70 | a
llnk him dit for the Office bat because he n
atod the SoRib-5ecause his views were entirely q
scdonsl-aRd because his disposition was as D
'uel and unreentng as the OCCASION required; &
30 this brought matters to point. We pro- P
osed pescesby TO retire from the compact in Il
hich equahly, justice and mercy were all de- 81
led We thought, and we still think, and so Z
7ef IN the presence Of Almighty God, that our
gnt 30 .eaye the Union Is as perfect as as oar il
gbt TO Join Il or 60 reject it We did not enter 81
Internationally, bat on the contrary, for ssps- "
Al sad specified csasideradons-ever one of "
hich has been violated, disTegsrded and ridi- al
to the open declaration that we 81
louid be ksps in the Union by forco, not as u
'ethran OF equals, but on sueh terms as the ta
osl imPlaesbie enemy shouli consent to die u
le. v