Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1863-04-24
: sysa inst Il i ) Is. bctH % production aud

| State lYaS 10 DC SOlQSQ. S3CtiuHAi J'eioua's'
foam all around il.
The effect of tarif'--for incidental pro
lection or otherwise upon nation u industry
is to divert it from the natuIal and profitable
channels into artificial Channels, built fol-
private advantage at tho cost of tho public
We admit st once liza. il may be necesraryt t.
divert some portion of ns,ional industry int
the production Of srt:cies Of national detenc'
AZ gun pow der, guns ard the BIKE. h1t VI
deny th.t isrifi, sro the best means 81 a.
tsin,ng u { cnd; hdu"tiaa, direct are o'''''
Than tariT,. because moro elns III their 0Ee
ration. Society pays tho baunty, and IN jus
proportion, out of cc'"mon inno' raTes
iunon lust principles. Consumption alone
pays the ta,iH in unjust proportions, otter
sectional. usually bur densome or classes, ire
oucn,ly mes. 20 on the least able. The sans
argument holds good With infant enterprise
which needs helping hard.
1t is to be observed, however, thst n"ur
ties as we'll SO pr elective duties are d st'nc'Iy
prohibited by the Constitution, ard 80 'hs
constitutional action OF Congress- IL limited
in both directions 1t must keep supplies OF
else establish works for manufacturing pow
der, and the like. But Government Is bad
administrator. snd tho subject IL not without
serious difficulties.
Lot i: BIZ observed thst domestic industry
h.s always tho advantage OF the cost Q,
freiqM over the industry Of other counlrits'
no small item. Left to iso,', it will seek pro-
f,sb!e employment, to tho hen.tit alike OF
ou- own and all oiEer countries. DIvorsion
from its proper channels is injurious alike TO
all human interests II is labor relatively
unorcti.able. Nature ilas provided varieties
of crm.ts. soil and faculties Governments
not ipfyourr:!y follow the wise example OF
m. n,.icctor in the famous university CT
Lseadc, who sol number of Jhnd men to
miriaq colors, distinguishing them by tsste
and smell Another protector, wishing
stsnle basis for sun dial, selected =
| weather cock; making divers arrange
,nen,s and campensstions fr tho Influence
| of tie winds, which he studlously calculated
| in rdssnce. 80 in the large variety Of suita-
he occupations from which to select, men are
freed or enticsd by national distractions
into unnatural ami ridiculous channels Of
industry. Natural advantages are rclin-
gu Observation-Disclosures converted into man
ufae,urers, snd blind men set 10 mixing
colors.
Wa bave shown thst tariff, Isiae -evsnue
| msinly from consumption. In all raSrs III
| which various eleiueats are Involved, Which
tend ultimately to equilibrium, he ,f'hcts Of
chsnye will he c0mnotion, gradually sub
siding into rest. In ; great n.aAs OF wafer
the introduction Of any body or force altering
its levol at any point, wilt he followed by q
series of undu|ntions; snd tho ultimate levol
can only he clearly po'ceivod 9hon the wafer
sttains rest Even SO With the ctf:cls OF a
d.stu, bel equilibrium tf exchange. There
may BIO the rising and falling of commodities
affected by the disturbing cause, but once
let quiet come, ard the normal CONSEQUENCE
will exhibit itself clearly. IT, a':er while
IS it may sometimes hsrpen, the commodity
is chez Dor than bef,re, then the Tariff is q
| dead letter. In tho particular instance, the
commodity is one best Inrde q. home, and 10
protection is neodel. Home competition re-
duces tho price, md no foreign commodity il
introduced. Repeal tho law, or coNtlbn" II
IN force, and 1t does rot tons b ths price Il
all. But does not the commodity sometimes
hyco,ne cheaper by reason of enlarged com
petition hciGg produced st home as well at
abroad? /. would btccms cheaper upon
tho removal OF tho Tariff obstruction tr
tho action Of the joint competition. Ru
thu Tariff remaining, foreisn competition
cannct reduce its pTico II domasuc
| camoe,ition does, then IS tariff Is no Longer
needed. The effect Of increase Of domestic
With obstruction TO foreign industry, g Ike
tia. of increasing tho figures which repre-
sent hund :eds, and diminishing those wbscf
yep, e5ent thousands. The whole numbar OK
! Dr, ssed is diminished after all. Partial, ioca
competition is increased, but general comPetl
ton diminished.
The indirectness of tsxstion by TART
produces Numerous evil results. No ont
knows exactly what he pays. His poke; il
picked in the dark. Direct taxation is in thu
d.y, ard 90 promotes responsibility ETC
economy, and lorg train OF good conae
ouenccs Being open and known, it is TIT
more necessary that it shall he just Escl
class, ard each individual is on the ene hant
impsled BY self,nterest to sec that it is nc
imot s. d upon, ard restrained on the othe
by the interests Ct others, from imposing
upon them. This principle 6xes govsrnmen
uuon stable foundations; even those OF justice
False adjustment Of tho public burdens
play cd large part in tho solution of tn
old Union. l. furnishes the fulcrum for tn
levor Of sectional strife. The stability of tn
Confedoracy, is lsrgcly dependent upon tn
justice and equality of its principles CT tsxs
tor; ray not cf the Oouf,deracy only, but o
all governn eut, and Of society itself TIL
strife to promote this interest or that, and a
the expense of other interests, this str,f,
, tho breaker to be avoided now, as it was j
the old Union. Let US in this "be Just, an
fear not" With just and impartial prime
1 Piles, there will ba no jealcnHios, nor cor
f fiicts. The great motive of strife, sections
or class advantage, being removed, State
, and people will have nothing to distract thor
from the maintenance off Just and imI artil
r government, drawing its resources al
4; distributing lis benefits from and upon a
; alike.
GoBERNAT0RIaL ELECTION.