The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-03-20

sonsl property OF Pennsylvania was
1922, 2,4S6, 120 in 1850, and 81, ,4l8, sol ,9lS
in 1860, showing an increase In that de.
cade of S694,015,S98, being 96.05 per
cent; and in Virginia, S430,7O1 ,092 in
1850 and S7932i9, ,69l in 1860, showing
an increase of $685., ,54s, 500, or s4I7 per
cent.
By Table SO, p, 196, Census Of 1860,
the cash value of the farms OF Virginia
was 1871, ,092, ,2l1, being Sll 81 per acre
and of Pennsylvania, S662, 2,O5O,707,
being S39 81 per acre. Now, by this
table, the number Of acres embraced in
these farms Of Pennsylvania was IT, 012,-
l63 acres, and in Virginia, 3l,014 $50;
the difference of value per acre being
S27, or largely more than three to one in
favor OF Pennsylvania. Now, If we null
tiply the farm lands of Virginia by the
Pennsylvania value per acre, il would
make the total value Of the farm lands of
Virginia S1,204791, ,sOI; and the adai-
tionaI value caused by emancipation,
$685., ,699, ,593, which is more by $685.
440,O93 than the value of all the slaves
of Virginia. But the whole area OF
Virginia is 30,265,290 acres, deducting
from which the farm lands, there remain
unoccupied 9,250,330 acres. Now, il Gas
would be in the absence of slavery the
population per square mile of Virginia
equaled that Of Pennsylvania, three ffths
of these lands would have been occupied
as farms, viz: 1850, 1913, which, at the
Pennsylvania value per acre, would have
been worth Sl86,207 524. Deduct from
this their present average value of 81
per acre, $4,000, ,396, and the remainder,
S178, ,407, ,l29, is the sum by which the
unoccupied lands of Virginia, converted
into farms, would have been increased in
value by emancipation. Add this to the
enhanced value of their present farms,
and the result is S1O14, ,106,721 as the
gain, on this basis, Of Virginia in the
value of her lands by emancipation. To
these we should add the increased value
of town and city lots and improvements,
and of personal property, and, with
emancipation, Virginia would now have
an augmented wealth of at least one
billion and half of dollars
The earnings of commerce are not
given in the Census Tables, which would
vastly increase the difference in the value
of their annual products in favor OF
Pennsylvania as compared with Virginia,
These earnings include all not embraced
under the heads of agriculture, manu-
factures, the mines, and fisheries Let
us examine some of these statistics.
RAnRoADs--T number of miles OF
railroads in operation in Pennsylvania in
1860, including city roads, was 1890 40
miles, costing S147, 1888, ,410; and in Vir-
ginia, LII miles, costing S64, $685. S07.
| Census Table of 1860 No. 80, pp. 23O, :
1922 The annual value of the freight
carried on these roads is estimated at 81
100000 more in Pennsylvania than in
Virginia, and the passenger account
would still moro increase the disparity.
CASALs.-The number of miles of ca
nails in Pennsylvania in 1860 was 1859,
and their cost, S42,0l5,000. In Virginia
the number of miles was I78, and the
cost S7,8l7000. Census Table 80. D.
238) The estimated value of the freight
on the Pennsylvania canals is ten times
thato the freight on the Virginia canals
TONEAGE-The tonnage of vessels
built in Pennsylvania in 1860 was 81, ,615
tons, and in Virginia, 1872. Census, p
1919
BANKs.--The number Of banks in
Pennsy lvania in 1860 was 90; capital
$25, ,565 $50; loans, $50, ,327, ,I27; specie
| $8,378, 474; circulation, $13, 1872, 1872 de-
posits, S26 l67, l43; and in Virginia the
number was 60; capital, Sl6,0O5, l56 ;
loans, S24,975,792; specie, $2,943652 ;
circulation, $9,812,197; deposits, ST.
729,652. Census Table 35, p. 1881
EXPORTS AND lMPoRTs, ETo.--Our ex-
ports abroad from Pennsylvania, for the
fiscal year ending the Both June, 1860
and foreign imports, were of the value OF
S20,262,60S. The clearances, same year
from Pennsylvania, and entries were
33694S tons. In Virginia the export.
the same year, and foreign imports were
of the value of $7l84273; clearance.
aud entries, 17e, 143 tons. liable ii
Register Of U. S. Treasury) Revenue
from customs, same year in Pennsylva.
MIA, S2,552,924, aud in Virginia, Sl89..
8l6; or more than twelve 60 one in favor
of Pennsylvania (Tables u. s. Commis-
sioner Of CuslOms.) No returns ar,
given for the coastwise and internal trad,
OF either State; but the railway anc
canal transportation Of States shows
difference OF ten TO one in favor of Penn,
sylvania. And yet, Virgins, as we hay,
seen, had much greater natural advanta,
ges than Pennsylvania for commerc,
foreign and internal, her shore line up 4
head Of tidewater being l,57l miles
and Pennsylvania only 60 miles.
We have seen that, exclusive Of com.
merce, the products Of Pennsylvania il
1860 were of the value Of S39s, 800, 900
or Sl37 per capita; and in Virginia
Sl20, 100000, or $40 per capita. But 4
we had the earnings Of commerce, "a,
products Of Pennsylvania must have ex
ceeded those Of Virginia much more thar
four to one, and have reached, per capita
nearly three TO one. What but SLAYER,
could have produced such amazing re-
suits Indeed, when we sec the SAM
effects 10 all the free States as compared
with all The slave States, aud ia am
The slave States as compared with any o
the free States, the uniformity Of resuti
establishes the law beyond all contro'
Yersy, that slavery retards immensely thl
progress Of wealth and population.
That the tariff has produced none O
these results, is shown by the fact tha
the agriculture aud commerce Of Penn
sylyania vastly exceed those Of Virginia
aud yet these are the interests suppose,
20 be mlst inIuriously affected by higl
tariffs. But there is still more coHolu
siye proof The year 1924 was The com
mencement Of the era Of high tariffs AM