davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1863-04-29

-"Southrons, hear your country call you
Let Inc whisper in your ear, sir,
Something that the South should hear, sir,
Of the war, of the war, Of the war in Dixie !;
A growing curse-a burning shame" Sir,
In the chorus, l will name, SIR,
Of the war, a the war, of the war in Dixie
CHoRus-The officers Of Dixie,
Alone! alone!
The glories share-the honors wea
Throughout the land of Dixie;
IT'S so tits. so!
Throughout tho land of Dixie
Swelling round with gold plenty,
See the gay, "brass button gentry"
Ofthe war, &C.
Solomon in all his splendors,
Was scarce arrayed like these defenders
Of the war; SC.
CHoRUs-The officers Of Dixie, &c.
In cities, sir, it is alarming
To see them round the hotels swarming-
OF the war, &c.
And at each little g one horse town" sir,
See the 6irds" how they "ay round" sir
Of the war, &C.:
CHoRus-The officers of Dixie, &c
On the steamboat-in the cars, Sir,
Deep respect is shown the "bars," sir,
of the war, &c.
And if "star' or two is sported,
See how "ths elephant" is courted-
Of the war, &C.:
CuoRus-Thc officers Of Dixie, &c.
Should grand soiree be given,
The "6raidsd Hons" take the even
of the WIT, &C.;
No! no! the privates are not slighted,
They cunt expect to be invited!
Of the war, &c.
cHoRus-The Officers OF Dixie, &C.
The ladies, bless the darling creatures,
Quite distort their pretty features
Of the war, &C.:
And sag q know you've seen it done, sir,)
They'll have an officer Or none, sir,
Of the war, &C.:
cnoRrs-The e6aeerSaDix'e' &c
And if when death.shots ronnd us rattle,
An officer is killed in battle
OF the war, &C.
How the martyr is lamented!
iTbis is right-we've not dissente6-
OF the war, &C.:
CHoRUs-The officers of Dixie, &c
But only speak of it to show, sir,
Pricates' are not "honored" 81, sir;
VI tne war, &c
No nutf1ed drum-no wreath Of glory
If one dies proclaim the story
Ofthe war, &C..
CnoRrs-The officers Of Dixie, &c
IT. Dixie's land in every way, sir,
Fuss and feathers win the day" sir
Of the war, &C.;
For with all sexes, sizes, ages,
low the "gold lace fever" RACES
Of thu war, &C.:
OHokus-The officers Of Dixie, &c.
List the moral of my song, sir;
In Dixie there is something wrong" sir
Of the war, &C.;
/" As all that glitters is not gold" sir,
Read and ponder what I've told, sir
Of the war, &C.:
CHoRus-The officers of Dixie,
Alone alone!
The glories shsre-the honors wear,
Throughout the land Of Dixie,
IT'S so it's so
Throughout the land Of Dixie.
Fort oaswell, N. c., April, 1868.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1863-04-29
ID l f ID

DIED,
At his residence in Wash;ngtou COUNTY Y. nm Tho ,sh
OF April 1853, JoHS WESLEY PRICE, ESD aged ~ wears
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1863-04-29

JONESvlLLE MALE & FEMALE SCHOG
louisville, YADKIN COUNTY, NC.
ME SPRING SESSION OF THIS SCHOOL VII
Il begin January 5th 1898, and continue twenty wr.
Students who enter this school any time during thief
ten weeks of the session, will be charged full tu,n
those who enter at any time during the latter part
term. Will pay ons-kag of the full tuition fee
1t Is desirable and insportant that students who END
to enter De present 1t The beginning of the session
Jonesvllle is retired and exceedingly healthy villa
lar removed from the seat of war. ~
Tuition from $40 to $25 per session.
Hoard from 800 to $25 per month.
For full information, address the Principal at jones'
n. e. JIG MARI,ER prrs,
Dec. %, 1852. 52Ew,7ty
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1863-04-29
SIX DOZEN CYTHE RIA

SIX DOZEN SCYTHE BLADES
NOR SALE, BY THE SUBSCRIBER, AT McIvER,S
= Depot, Chatham County Also, one hundred bags Of
ssit, on consignment. ]. A. MCDONALD
April 8, 1853. ILwlmnd
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1863-04-29
FOR SALE

FOR SALE.
A FIRST CLASS REAPER, WITH EXTRA CUT
n ter bar, DC. New and in order. Aliens patent of
new York Apply to- j. s. LEATHERS
An. - Hillsborough, N G..
>. Aprn =, 1900. .l5-w4tpd.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1863-04-29
NORTH-CARoL1NA, COURT OF PLEASE u
~ FRANKLIN County, Term, ' 1855 Sss''0's' A''l
Josiah Grprny md otbar, WV

Ts Petition for sale of Slaves
YARBoRouGn, deceased
1t appearing to the satisfaction of the Cou,, ,bs
defendants in this cause reside beyond the limits afr
State: 1t is therefore, on motion, ordered nv ,hs
that advertisement be made for six weeks succsssvsr
me Raleigh Standard, notifying the said defendants
filing Of this petition, and that asi.sssF aSrsars,
next term of this Cour, and answer the peiian The 81
will be taken pro So aud heard &c po, as to t
Witness, T. G. Horton Clerk Of our said Court at ID
IN Lou'sburg, on the I'd Monday of March, A D lsS
=, T. C. HORTON, c. c. 1
March 81, 1858. (pr. adv. $5.621s) HLvs
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1863-04-29
From the Salem Press.

April 81, 1863.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1863-04-29
5elli-n)trklq 5tanhara.
For Ae standard,
u A son G.
THE OFFICERS OF DIXIE.

BY R O..
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05
THE CALL OF coNscR1Prs,

T IEUTENANT-COLONE G. w. LAY, act
- ing Chief of the Bureau of Conscription, has
recently issued the following circular in response
to numerous applications for information:
/. Under the recent call of the President, ex-
tending the Conscript age, all substitutions have
ceased to be valid, if the substitute be less than
forty-fye years old, and is not otherwise ex-
empted by law.
II. Membership, whether as officer or private
of local organizations for home defence or special
service, confers NO claim to exemption from Con-
federate service neither does service in the Mill
ta unless in case Of officers actually in commits
sion, who have been duly qualified. -.
III. Hereafter any one furnishing substitute
will become liable in his own person whenever
the services Of the substitute lost to the Gov
ernment, from any cause other than the casual
ties of war. , .- .
". Applications for exemption on any ground
whatever, must first be addressed to the local
enrolling officer, who, If he has not power to act,
is in doubt, win refer them to higher authority
with report of the facts. all sdch addressed,
directed to higher authority, will necessarily aud
invariably berefefred back for local examination
and report; and the applicants will then have
uselessly lost time and suspense. Appeals against
adverse decisions by local officers, will be for
warded for hearing when any plausible ground
of appeal is set forth. @
V. Commandants of Conscripts will give this
notice extensive circulation in the local press of
their respective States.
By order Of Col L. WAGGAMAN.
Louis DEBLANc, Adjutant.
st. Martinsville Aug 20 1868. 26-4t.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05

10 prouids for holding elections Jer representa-.
tires IN ne Congress of The Confederate States
ssn tie State Of Louisiana. IS
cu.r.,.a,- !, ).
oEcIIos = Ds = e'faesea ~ .ac eenaes daa
iloAse y Aep1sssaa1ssss cI As oe0se s, LOUISE
aha =" IeHsIat eoaoeNea. laa., ~ TINS
siscIloI iol I1splssesaises 70 Tue Con
gIess y Ihs IohleasIase oaaees shan pe ~ gen
eIa. .ckel IoI ING olts anu eaen soael s1a pe
seuse @ vose one l,ckst, sonlalnlh tue name
9. eng person. VINO sla1i feslae therein, ior each
1is1fle1 10 tne oIale, anu tne per-
son ieceaslng tne greatest number g woes % Tue
nao.e yo,s q 1ne ssaie' snal pc eommssoneo
e hepresentatlTe by the Governor OF the State,
Iroviaed nlat two persons inhablting the same
Dslflc1s snan pot be chosen as Representative.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05
Mr. Editor.

Please aanouace that Mt the solicitation. of
many of his friends, Captain James G. Hayes
has consented to become candidate for Snerifi
of St. Landry, at the election of November next.
Capt. Hayes has been nearly two years in the
service of tine Confederate States, being volun-
teer in one of the first companies of our Parish,
and has always done his duty with that prompt
ness and courage which characterize the good
patriot soldier. His past conduct and upright
ness Of actions are guarantee that be viii be an
impartial and correct officer.
- ~ fs MANY FRIENDS.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05
War Department, Richhfond, May 9, 1863.
EXCHANGE NOTICE No. S.

War Department, Richhiond, May 9, 1863.
EXCHANGE NOTICE No S. :
THE following Confederate officers and men.
=. have been duly exchanged and are hereby
so declared:
j. All officers and men who have been deliy-
cred at City Point at any time previous to May
E, 1868.
2. All officers captured at any place before
the 1st of April 1868, who have been released on
parole.
g. All men captured in North Carolina or vir-
gna before the LIST of March, 1868, who have
been released OIL parole. = a a...
4. The officers and men captured and paroled
by Gen. S. r. Garter, in his expedition TO East
Tennessee in December last.
S. The officers and nicn captured and paroled
by Lieut. Col. Stewart at Van Buren,, "A arkansas,
January 2oth, lo63;5 by Col Dickey, in Drctu-
Der, 1863. i'll his march to the Mobile and Ohio
Railroad and by Capt. Cameron ut Corinth,
Miss, il, December 1852
6. The officers aud men parolet1 vt Oxford,
Mississippi on the 2,5tl Of December 1862, Mt
Desark. Arkansas, On tie 7th of January, 1868,
and at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, of the 23d of
February, 1868
z. Nh persons WHO have been captured on the
sea, ana the wa'ers leading TO the same. or upon
the SEA coast OF the Confederate or Unitet, States
at any time previous to Decetiiber l., 1862.
I. All civilians WHO have Been arrested at any
time before the 9th of May, 1868, and released
on parole. are. discharged, from amy and every
obligation contafiied in said parole If any si,ei.
person has taken any oath Of allegiance to the
United States, or given any bond, OF if his IT,
lease was accompanied with any other condition
he is discharged from the same.
3. II any person embraced in any Of the fore
going sections, or in any section of any previous
Exchange Notice, wherein they are declared
Exchanged, are in any Federal prison, they are
to be Immediately released and delivered to ths
Confederate authorities. R0BERT DUID, {
aguntof Exchange.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05

mn. Editor Please announce that Mr.. L. v.
Chachere, the present incumbent. is candidate
for Sheriff, at the election of November next.
Asa faithful and efficient officer for the last
eight years, MIR. Chachere is justly entitled to
the warm support of the voters of the Parish of
ST. Landry. MANY VOTEKS.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05
The Drover and Travellers Home,
i. Claude House.

4an .sFEfIS establishment formerly Union
Hotef) has lately been reopened for the
y convenience Of regular hoarilers and ths
public a COED Stable is attached to She Hotsl.
EMILE CLAUDE. -
f OpslousAs, August 1868.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05

EF Brisk and successive. cannonading has
been heard in our town Wednesday and Thurs.
day in North -Easterly direction. It is sup
posed 10 be Cur ARTILLERY. "A theslnauth of Red
River, annoying the Federal transports which
ascend and descend the Mississippi.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05
state of Louisiana.

District Court Par,sAef 81. Landry No. 10.
VALERY MAYER, of the Parish of ST. Lam
dry, Administrator of the Estate of Antoine
Mayer, deceased, late of the Parish of Sc. Lam
dry, having fled a final Tableau of distribution
Of the funds of said Estate, accompanied by a
petition praying that the same may be hainoIo-
gated; And whereas the prayer of said pe,tifih1i
has been granted BY an order Of Court, dated
August 20, 1868.
Therefore, notice is hereby given % all IN
terested to make opposition, if any they haves iI
writing at my Office. within thirty days from tle
date Of the present notice, why said ableau
should hot be homologated, the Admin issratoa
discharged from all further liabilities and his
bond cancelled. 5
A.GARRIGUEs, CIerk.
fsnala1sas Anp1,st "a 1863 IS. {.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05

DPost Masters who may have at their Of
flee, papers not Withdrawn By our subscribers,
are requested to send them back to u.s. or at least
send us list Of such names, as we are no more
inclined to loose paper than we are to impose our
sheet upon those who do not wish to receive it.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05

MI. Editor:--pl Please announce that MIR. A.
GARRIGUEs, the present incumbent, is can
didate for Clerk of the District Court of the
Parish Of Sc Landry. at the election Of Novem-
ber next .-
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05

We call the attention Of the voters to a
law which We publish elsewhere in regard to the
election of our Representatives in Congress.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05
State of Louisiana.

State OF LOUISIANA. E@g8
District Court Parish Of st. Landry No. .94 l3.
FRANCOIS G. DEVILL1ERs, Of the Parish
N of st. Landry, Administrator of tho Estate
Of Divine Holler, deceased wife Of VaIisre Rey,
also deceased. in community Yith said n. Roy,
having filed third Tableau o distribution Of the
affairs of said Estate, accompa ia1 by d petition
praying that the same may homol ogated;--
And whereas. the prayer otSsaid petition has
been granted by an order Of Court dated August
Is, 1863.
Therefore, notice is hereby given to. all in
terested to make opposition # any they have, in
writing at my office, within thirty days from the
should not be homologated.
A. GARRIGUEs, Clerk.
Opelousas, August 90, 1868.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05

va Our debtors should bear in mind that. as
we accept Confederate notes at par, in payment
of old as we'll as late debts, it might be to their
interest to come and settle while it is time yet
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05

ORDNANCE Dept or TRANS MISSISSIPPI, I
Shreveport, La, July 20, 1868.
General Order No. d f
The Bureau Of Ordnance fox this Department
IL, for the present established at this place. All
tiler ORDERS be addressed to the undersigned at
Shreveport, La by command Of
Major General III UGER
b Benz. HUGER, syr., A. a. Gen..
Fl August 90 1853 st st
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05

Shreveport. Ls July 9th 1868.
SPEcfaL ORDERS, no. 96.
XII Enrolling orreeruiting officersars enjoin-
ed not to remove or Interfere with employ yaes in
the Nitre and Mining Bureau, nor with employees
Of contractors with that Bureau engaged ii haul
ing cotton.to, and ordnance stores from, the
Rio Grande and Gulf ports.
BY command of s4zs
Lieut.. Gen. E. KIRBY SMITH.
S. s.. ANDERSON, Al. Al. G.
gar Arkansas, Louisiana and Texas papers
copy four times. July I5s--;s,a.
Eatate Louis ReIair Eontensst
THE heirs ia the Estate of Louis ESlair Ton-I
Daire, 1T Vile Plate, i and nos ready
to pay 10 each the sums which are respectively
due to them. EDMOND SIMON,
AdminIftEatCr
Vile Plate Aug NJ 1863
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05
NOTICE.

FKyHE undersigned. Confederate States Deposi-
N tary, is authorized by the Secretary of the
Treasury, to issue Stock Certificates in exchange
for the hereinafter described Treasury Notes;
said Certificates bearing interest from date at the
rate described below, and will be exchanged for
Stocks or Bonds as soon as they are received
from Richmond
Holders Of Treasury Notes bearing date after
the Ist of December 1862, and before the 9Th of
April 1868, have the privilege OF fnnding them
in Stock Certificates bearing interest at four per
cent. per annum.
4 Holders oil Treasury Notes bearing date on or
after the 9th of April 1863 have the privilege of
exchanging them for Stock Certificates bearing
interest at six per cent. per annunl, if they are
presented at this Office within one year from the
first day Of The month ghich is printed across
the face of such Notes.
Since the. LIST Of August 1868. all Treasury
Notes which bear date prior to 1st December
1862, cannot be funded at all.
g- Office hours: From 9 A. M to 3 P. NJ
5s}es "A. DESsIARE,
G. s. Depositary.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05
AN ACT

10 prooids for holding elections for Representa-.
tires IN The Congress of The Confederate States
in tie State Of Louisiana.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05
HEaDaU AR'rERs DErAR TninKT Trans Mss

opeIonsas, August %, 1868.
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05
Head Quarters,

Opeloasss, August %, 1863
The Opelousas courier. [volume] (Opelousas, La.) 1852-1910, 1863-09-05

Opelousas. September S, 1868.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1863-03-26
w11Mnr WIS March Doth. 1876:

A FrOtesI.-Mesers EditorS.-In looking over
the list for premiums to be awarded at the next
annual county fair as a reward of merit l am con-
WINGED a few remarks will not be out of place, or
season There has been already a lack of interest
in the Foral Hall Department. What has
caused this state of disinterestedness among the
Ladies 2 answer, injustice.
l think if the gentlemen, having the entire con
troll of the fairs, would level up a little, and have
things more on the plane of equalit y and select a
disinterested committee. that the Floral Hall
would eclipse all previous exhibitions.
A farmer may transplant a tree, get good gratis
and good soil, then with shower and sunshine,
Spring and Autumn, he can go forth, pluck his
basket 0! fruit in a few moments and il is ready fol-
the fair. Two dollars premium for the most tri-
ding taxation of the mental or physical man
while a lady is offered the bare pittance of fifty
cents to produce the finest wrought piano spread,
that will take some months to executes besides tax
ing the mental as well as the PHYSICAL for it re-
quires tact and talent, as we'll as ingenuity, 10 Sc
lect and arrange colors. Then in case she does
not chance to be the favored one, she only gets a
second premium although her work may be su Pc
rior. l have long since lost the interest l once
took in exhibiting at fairs, but in order 10 adver.
tise some Of my work, regardless ofjustice or in.
Justice, It IS my intention to appear once more on
the list, which intend will be nv last, and in
coming time l hope others who shall attend, will
be better compensated and justice yet be done.
Yours respectfully,
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1863-03-26
The Flag of the Est wis 0nsin-A Gle.
riOuR Souvenir.

A year ago last October. prior to the depar-
ture of the first Wisconsin, Col. j.. STARK
WEATHER, the usual stand of colors, a Nation
al and State flag, were presented to the regl-
ment by the Governor of the State.
The regiment received them, and on bend
ing knees wore that they should never be dis
raced.
What is left of that flag has been returned
by Col. S-TARKwEATHER to the State, and IS
now at the Executive Office.
Let those who wish to see how glorious the
solemn pledge given by the regiment, on re-
ceiving il, has been kept, go and look at the
tattered silk and splintered staff that remain.
In two places the staff has been completely
severed by grape shot. Cannon balls and
shells have made great gaps IN Its folds
Grape shot and canister, rifle balls and buck
shot have torn through it. The whole sur
face is riddled with holes. There is hardly a
space six inches square through which some
missile OF death has not passed.
This was the banner borne by the gallant
First at Chaplin Hills, No tribute OF voice
or pen to the gallantry of the noble regiment
that held it 'high and naughty III the face Il
death through the wild battle-storn OF that
day, can rival the eloquence OF the record
which has been written on the folds OF this
stained and tattered flag by the shot and shell
of the enemy. Other Wisconsin regiments
can show like evidences of the tirmness with
which they have stood in worst extremes and
on the ~perilous edge of battle. They will be
gathered up and preserved and cherished by
the State as the proudest souvenirs OF her gio-
~.
The following is the very appropriate letter
addressed by Col. STARKwEATHER to Gov.
SALoMoN, upon presenting the flag to the
State;
HEADQUARTERS Sd BRIGADE, Jan. 10Th '63.
Hon, EDWARD sALosox, Governor Of Wisconsin,, Madi-
son -
SIR: Allow me in behalf of the LIST Wfscon-
sin Volunteer Infantry, to present through yod
to the State which | have had the honor hum
bly to represent, the Flag of our Union, which
was presented by the State through Hon. a.
w. Randall (Ex. Governor) to the regiment
a short time prior to its leaving for Kentucky
and which, on bending knees, 1t sWore to pro-
tect and preserve against the enemies of this
great and glorious government. Please us by
placing it where it may be preserved, and
where it NAV continue to shed forth the bright
lustre of victory. 1t is tattered and torn
battle stained and worn but it shows forth
most emphatically the proud deeds done, and
the great honor and glory gained and womb
the sons of Wisconsin, that went forth to bat
tie, as has been seen. only for cjctory.
| am, with respect,
Yours truly,
JOHN C. STARKwEATHER,
Col. LIST Wis, Vols, Comd'g Sd Brigade.
-MadjsOR Journal.
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1863-03-26

g The following notice from the Bureau o.
Internal Revenue in regard to the tax on
promissory notes will settle any doubts that
may have existed hitherto in reference to the
subject OF which it speaks:
II would seem to be a reasonable construc-
ton of Section 8 of the act of March 3, amen
datory Of the Excise Law, that promissory
notes not exceeding thirty three days, incIud-
ing the grace days, should bear a ONE E
stamp exceeding thirty three days and not
exceeding siTty-three days, Including the grace
days, TWO CENTS; exceeding sixty-three days
and not exceeding ainsty-thrse days, THREE
CENTS. Consequently a note at sizty-tbree
days, including the grace days, would possess
a legal value by having a two cent stamp af-
fixed thereto. The same rule viii apply to
notes having a longer time to run
The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1863-03-26

MeSsr. EdstOrs.-lt is "A pleasing thought, that,
in these days of war and excitement, our com
mon schools upon which &C much of our country's
future greatness and prosperity depends, are
maintained at the north with all the zeal they
have ever been. Not the least worthy of notice
among these schools, is Dist. No. IL, of the town
of Sorners. During five years past, this scho 81
has, in some respect not only equailed but excell~
ed any other III This state with st hich have been
acquainted. DarIug "a tenn cf twenty weeks in
the winner Of 50 ana 90, there was not u single case
of tardinees, nor a communication, and the fol"
lowing winter but four cases of tardlness; and l
have reason to believe the school has not degene-
rated since hat time | challenge any other
school in ihe state to show as clean n record. The
latter Tart OF this winters term has been much bro
ken up by untoward circumstances, but owing to
the indetatigabie labors of the teacher Mr. John l..
COTE, the school yet maintains its position. Mr..
Goffe has nudeT the trial Is of the present term,
proved himself Ia be a true. earnest and Trustwor~
tny teacher, and l would commend him 10 all the
educational fraternity as "A sincere friend and
worker in the cause. Yours truly.
HOSEA BkFsTs.