The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1863-01-30

through Of this progress the science OF inerna
tiopa law has succeeded in establishing certain common
principles humanity mutual venience the prc-
tce neglect which establishes the true difference be-
tween humane and barbaruus wariarc
Without going back to the days OF the ancient Romans,
among HON war began 10 wear a miier in the
Shaving OF prisoners formerly condemned to DEATH we
notice modern history this unnterruped tendency 20
temper the horrors OF and render its dreadful ELECTS
less disastrous especially IN combas the theatre OF
which being the wide extent common to all nations might
any time serious injury TO the commerce OF
neutrals Even in the Middle Ages, period 10 which tho
ated compilation known the Consulate OF the ca"
goes this spirit OF moderation nuced and since
then has been gradually ntroducn ne u treaties aud nte IA
tonal practices certain principles which should fix tho
mutual rights OF begerents and neutrais among the
OF Christendom. aiming ~ diminishing the
evil hseparabc from wir More recently the works Of
great urisconsllis such Grous Puendor. Vate and
in days Martens Ortolan and Wheaton the intimacy
between nations, the multiplicity Of business relations
and commerce, have produced the beneficial result that
wars present the frightful character OF
other times, whom the backwnrdness civilization and
the darkness Of ignorance might at least excuse their nor
Thus we have seen with satisfaction, before and since
the mean the principal maritime Powers OF Europe
concert IN establishing liked principles IN matters OF navi
CATION aud commerce, which sAnd place out OF al! dan
ger once ana forever inc pr perry Oh heutias ~ no'
the stipuaons which preceded the rupture o. hosttes,
let tho instructions given by the respective governments
to the commanders OF squadrons relative TO DocRacs De
consulted and above all the declarations oil the congress
at Paris, April 81 1856, after the adjustment Of peace
with Russia.
Even the United States declared neutral that strug
gle gave then OF their being disposed 10 prac-
sound principles relation 70 the rights Of nentrals,
and the 22d Of July. 1854 had concluded an agree
with Russia the drst article OF which establishes
The two high contracting parties recognize as perma-
nent and lInnutable the following principles Free
shps make free goods that say goods mcrchan.
disc VIII ich may belong the subjects citizens OF
begercnt State free from seizure and coniscation
found board neutral vessels with the exception
articles contraband 2. That the property OF
ne1trals board enemy's vessel Is not liable to
iiscaton, unless IL be contraband Of war.
Whence it may be that those Same States. then
rightly called United and whose several members
now wagng with each other war Of determination by
land and sea- contrary 70 all the principles OF the rights OF
nations and perturbaory al the same time Of the rights
of ncutras recognized eight years SINCE rational ad en-
lghened principles which might be when they
were neutral Power, aud which now they do not frac-
the disgrace Of their good name among civilized ma
II will be said that the federal government consid
erng the Southern states bcerens, but rebels
they are bound observe the laws Of in regad
20 them But this in addition 70 being cruel ction y
two edged sword which wounds equally the hand that
holds il Rebels not, the Southern states consid-
cred bclgerents the Powers Of Europe declared
neutras and since they possess elective armies ships on
the sea- organized government and word all the
to carry on war and TO conquer sometimes.
there why, through motive Of sell esteem,
which change the nature Of things the war should
not be regulated as practsed civilized countries and
which daily acquires on land well on sea, more
disastrous character.
During the first moments Of its existence and when it
might be supposed that the movement begun Charles.
ton could be easily extingushed II nigh, well be
considered rcbehlun nut otter two years OF
des strife have passed. at or battles lost and won,
capable OF foresceng the end OF the war,
consider 1t absurd act Of madness to persist IN
qualifying rebels eight millions OF people who night TO
constitute themselves q separate nation, and are
fact. such obstinacy can only conduco to
exasperae the passions increase the horrors OF war;
and provoke last result, the intervention
Of Europe which has already suffered too much from the
effects Of tho present war. u be that there are no
Of ending it-n mutual hatred and blind spirit
vengeance TO prolong il ndohnitcyit would DO
well to endeavor 10 regulate on land and by avoid
ing those repugnant sectacles o. beboldng the property
OF o~aye ncutrais burnt, whose acts Of real dcpre
dation NC shall with all energy, come from
whence they may--trom vessels OF tho South or OF tho
North be the property destroyed Spanish foreign
These remarks have at least the merit OF being i'm.
partial.
Admiral Wilkes left this morning board the Wachu
sett and since is said there four Or five United
States vessels outside the haIbor mayhcar Of naval
engagement one OF these days.
Another small schooner arrived this morning from some
blockaded port notwithstanding the number Of United
States war steamers said be cruising
The Jacinto was Al Miyaguez Porto Rico, on the
LIST instant
. An American vessel had a narrow escape from
capture yesterday have just heard. She would GER
tainy have taken had not Spanish war steamer
made her appearance whecnpon the Florida recalled her
ats which had already put Oh % board the prize The
Of tho vessel is the Cygnet think from Portland
Maine.
Exchange on New York this morning ranges from % to
81, according TO circumstances.
Mr.. joel the operate agent, returned In the Eagle,
which steamer leaves to day Mr. Joel nforns that
oe company hcse will positively 20 10 New York on
who termination Of the season here, which VIII be
in 4 couple Of weeks. have said enough about these
artists to anything further at my
hands, consider Mcsdames Medofi and Charlton very
good artists and they certainly so considered N Eu
rope by better Judges than Tho tenor, Sgnor Maz1o
Inf Il very good and Mnetti. also tenor has an OK
ceedngy sweet voice. The basso, Signor Bacch has
at the New York Academy Of Music you can Judge whe
Their my verdict IN accordance with facts OF not.