New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1863-08-06


labor-sys,em which has been the grown OF t"o
centuries shall be facilitated and directed. Snch
change, the Commission believe canho' salesy uo
left nniir, cSed and uncared for, 10 "orA 'sei ou
drifting Oh at hs J-hazIrd, according 10 inc eia'o'
currents Of daily events. hl,i'u qSSs.a n'on :,
whether, and how soon, the Ame'ioaip . a,o,'a'.,
with The dependence eogendered 10y the Hsve'sys'
TEN still clinging TO him, aud "oisuvoi ,
bis efforts TO rise by that preJud',e "u.en pta
men 10 dsspise whoever has long O.eh '"eil no'io
will be able peacably to maintain h's new TIKI,
and TO protect himself against undue @socnoe'eS NV
imi ostion by the wnite man: ~, .a
On ore pont the Commission ore sifeauy, IEreeu'
oo,nnIy ,bat a scheme of guardiipship aud pfotec'
Wv, fe ons race of men against another race Ia
hahting the came country, cannot become peima'
nant ,ns;ituuon II the necessity Tor tho ocno'hnt
n,erat,on of such a scheme could DO proved, 'he
,foof would amount 10 this-that The TWO races
cannot in perpeuty inbabit the same country ~
mn. and that The one must ultimately give way TO
the other. .
The Commission are, therefore, OF opinion that
all special governmental measures for the guardian
ship OF refugee freedmen should be moro or less
temporary IN Their character, ana snouid 10 pro-
val cd and administered IN that lGea ana intent
The Commission state with sa.iLiaeiioa tia' they
baye found the negro slave Of the South-though IN
some respects resembling child, from the depend
epce In which he .as been trained, ahd ,he unrea-
sonng obedience that has beeu exacted lroh Nun,
aud therefore seeking and needing, Tor season,
void OF practical saguciiy, and usually Learning,
resdi,y and quickly, TO shit for biinsolf.
The Commission IecOa mend that freedmen S
csmps where refugees are first received, should be
regarded places OF reception and ditoution only.
Tie aggregation OF these people In mihtsry villages
is demofsizlng, especially Tor women anu cnl,uren
The sooner the men employ Cd as Eltary LABOR
ers or otherwise, aud tue women and chdIen either
care for by the father Of the family or distributed
| on abandoned plantations, the better.
Even working OF plantations By Government
should be undertaken only rs Temporary e1pedi
ent As coon rs loyal and respectiole owners OF
leases Of plantations found ready TO Lire theu
at fair wages that Is TO be preferred. Or when
e.dmen evince ability TO manage small farm or
market garden such spots may Ds assigned TO them
al moderate rent until Congress shall adopt, II 1t
sses fit to adopt, some permanent policy as ~ tuese
lands.
IL is shown by the figures 10 10 better and cheaper
when plantations are worked by Government To
pay the freedmen wages than 10 give them rslloLs
and promise them bali the crop.
Ii is recommended to benevolent eocienes, NJ
general rule instead Of distributing clothing gratni'
tously to establish stores IN which, at Moderate
prvft food clothing aud other nece,safies oil Rood
quality might be supplied TO the ireedlAeh' Il'
nus already been successfully .ried.
Regularity aud promp'itute in the payment OF wa
ges by Government is earnestly recommended ~
Que OF the most esseuta elements OF Judicious treat
ment Freedmen suould learn ss soon VI possible
thai Emancipation neither idleness nor graln-
tous labor bot fair work for fair wages. Wton
nogroes are regularly paid, angle threat, namely,
OF Dismissal usually suiaees to cheek hIneSs or OIL
or delinquency.
Tho Commission recommend thst negroes nc
kpowledging wives aud children should be legally
married AID the obligation ~ support their families
carefully taught 10 them.
As bss OF h syl.en Of Organization, tho Com
mission recommend q ttrict and comprehensive sys-
TEN of registration, 70 take effect hs each refugee
enters our lines.
The Commission express the opinion that, eIcep,
when military oxgences intervene the organins-
ton for tbs OF refugees should TO substantially
separate from The ordinary military sduinis!Thion
of tho army. 1his feature wss submitted 10 aud
approved by tie Geperuls commanding 81 tie
various poets visited by tho ComDirsion.
VI DETAILS or ORGANIZATIONS PROPOSED.
The plan Of Prov ,iona organization suggested by
the Commission IL proposed 10 extend for the pFesont
over those portions OF the country only with witch
the Commits sion LGy. become 1equhibtod IA nely,
the ID trict OF Columbia, Eastern Nirsinln, North
Carolina, South Carolina and Flortds. IDe Com
mis,ion lave sought 20 adapt this plan nd 10 the
pfeseut immediate wants alone, bat 10 meet sueh
additional occupancy by uuon troCp', q ths,o fur
States ls 10 likely to occur Tor year 10 come.
1" fist The shove region Of country constitute
three Observation-Disclosures or departments, tho first
comprs * the Distinct Of Columbia aud Eastern
Virginia; the second extending over Not,u Ca oinai
tho third includug South CGrVnns and FlOrfa.
= That for each Of these sup.rintsndenoics there
be appointed Department SHPerihtenGesf.
3. That there be appointed Resident snpcrin
tendeni for each imgorWt station in tie Depart
Inent with not less Than 800 freedmen To care for
aud whom the number Ia tho Resi1eney exceeds
5000, he may have AN A,.islaEk. There 10 = pio.
vision tor the necessary CIerks and foreneH.
4. Tina. there be detailed. {, SnpvintTdeat.G en-
sral of Freedmen, officer not under the rauk Of
Dfigadior- General 10 whom aud TO bic staff lie
assiguod au Office IN the War Department; his s,ah
officers acting - beeretares aid otherwise aiding
him III tue duties Of suIHrrnendonce. IBIS officer
10 have the gene al supervision, throughout tho
United States, Of ne colorcd population emsncIpsIed
ty acs OF Congress and by the President Proolams
ion. To hin all reports by Snptrinteudens and all
regulations are 10 10 sddfes,ed and 10 be by hin
laid before the Secretary Of War.
IT, az tho Froodmou's Superintendencies increase
in number and importance, tue SupeiiGieDdeni-Gen-
emil sees IT. be Inay from time 10 time call together
the Department SupefibtenJeuts TO sit for a lew
days Tor cOnsutsuon and companion OF mutnAl
exl ereuces and " tucb Board lie shall 10 Chair
man.
competent Surgeon aud Hospital Steward TO he
appointed lof each kesiiency, and III Assistant Sur
g,on when tho numbers demsnd II, To be pad; Tor
the time being but L0t permanently, BY the Govern
nent.
i he importance Of instruction, educational and
reliq ous, is strongly urged and the eagorDess Of
these people u receive 1t Ia dwelt Oh. Tor 4 1.mo
IL is believed that rome hid from Government cape
cially In pay OF school teachers, will be requirodi
but Ultimately aod before long, the Commission be-
heve the freedmen will support both their churches
aud scbools-soonest, probably, The former. The
freedmen Ut Newben recently invited private oi
tho 49, MassacLu seits Volunteers, Methooist hay-
ing license TO preach 10 btcoUe their pastor al
salary of 81 900 year.
ls.ny sddisiODs dstas Of tie plan Of organisation are
gwen, bot hero omitted a. devoid Of special Interest tho
pubic generally
Finally The Commission recommend that, wherever
the ordinary Courts OF Justice ere suspended Pro-
vort Judge snoull DO Temporarily appointed; and