Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1863-11-06

it, structure, composed Of two ia veTB the cute
cuticle, AMI the inner, cutia; the thrd layer
as it has Usually been called. aSe piRmeu
layer, seat OF the coloriDg mstter, has b. g
shown to be not O distinct layer bus dif'
ferens etage in tho development Of the cute
d skin. The nails arc nothing more or lesB thai
modified cuticle placed In the position We Ant
thom to give protection and support to thI
ends Of the fngeEe, and 20 enable the tips Oi
the fingers, which are the tactic organs ia
man, duly to appreciate the nature Of the bed.
les with which they come In contact; and II
is found that tho tactlle aensibility of the
finger is much impaired by the loss of She
nail @. -H '153 - F17 y,
i The nppsrmost surface Of ,he cults or true
skin il at'ngely uneven and irregular, being
elevate into a vaat number OF papilI~, which
are about one cno.hundredths Of an finch In
length end one one hundred and fiftieth Of an
inch In diameter. These are the essential
/ agents in the sense Of touch, the scat of the
tacLiie power, aud consequently developed in
greatest number and perfection where the taCtile
power is highest, ae along the finger tips and
lips in man, the lips especially In many quad
rupeds-as the hoTse--or along the membranous
expansion Of the wings In bats, where the sense
OF touch Ia 80 delicate that the animal even
though blinded can fly between suspended threads
without touching them. These papilIae are also
we'll developed on The tyunk Of the elephant, at
tho roots of the haiys of the feline tribe, on the
| under side OF the ptchehsile tail of come of the
monkey tribe, where the sense of touch IL 60
nice that they can ascertain by clssping 10 with
Their tails whether tut has sound kernel or
not, and to save themselves the useless trouble
and disappointment Of cracking It If unsound.
These papills arc arranged in rows on the hand
and fingers, where they may be seen through
tho outer skin. They ere not equally we'll
developed In all parts OF the body, being nearly
absent on the back, where, however, the cutls
s tolerably dense, for there is no connection be-
tween its thickness aud the development of
these papil@, on the tongue, for instance, the
cutis is extremely shin, yet the papilI@ ere
larger than 10 any other park OF the body.
i lt is a wellknown fact that the sensations of
heat and cold, which vi course sppertain TO the
sense OF touch, are to certain degree relative:
that Ia to say, if We place one hand 10 warm
water and the other In cold, and then plunge
both into water Of intermediate temper ratufe,
this will appear hot TO the hand from the cold
water, and cold to the other. Weber has also
shown q curious fact, that If both hands be
plunged into water of the same temperature
without previous preparation it will seem warm
er to the left hand than 10 the right. Some
other curious phenomena regarding the sense
Of touch have been found to exist; such as, II
two Of the fingers be crossed and then single
small object, as o pea, be placed between them,
the mind will appreciate IL as two objects; or, "
two points, as Of o pair Of compasses, be az
| piled 10 the ekin at fixed distance, they will
feel 90 IL more widely separated when on
very sensitive part than they will elsewhere, or
II drawn along the skIn from less to more
sentative part will seem to separate as they
approach the latter; and again. that perfectly
plane or level surtace may be made to appear
6oneaye by another person drawing IL over the
i tip OF the finger Of one whose eyes are covered
and pressing IL fvst strongly, then lightly, and
then stroDgly again, as Il may be made 10 ap-
pear convex by Feverslng this order o! pressure;
but II the pressure Ia regulated by the subiect
| Of the experiment himself, the deluslon van
ishes. Indeed, all these experiments ought 10
| be performed on person whose eyes are blind
ed, and by O second party. 7etrif cd. t1s.
In the glandular system Of tho skin We have
she most beautiful contsivance for regulating
the inteRn0l temperature of the body; for the
Precipitation 90 poured out ia vaporized prinel-
pslly by the heat of the body; and In thus turn
ing Into yapor Il renders LATENT as all LIQUIDS do
10 undergoing that change, On enormous amount
of heat, which is thus being constantly carried
away from the cody as fast % 10 10 generated
by the chemical processes constantly going on
within the synten. it ia due to the same caupe
that the blood never exceeds about nInety-
eight degrees, Fahrenhe!t. in temperature, even
under violent exercise; for O copious flow Of
perspira.ion carries of the heat 60 generated.
For the same reason II 10 possible in dry air TO
bear with impunity degree Of heat much be.
yond what could be borne In moist air where
the perspiration would not be vaporized as fast
as exerated. Water at O temperature of one |
hundred and twenty degrees 10 almost unbear- |
able. A yepor bath at the same tenperatureI
might be endured for few minutes; but the |
dIstress arislbg from ihe aufdaed Precipitation |
would soon render " intolerable, But In dfy
air heat can be borne With impunity, and al |
most without discomfort Ehieh will roast
eggs and dreaS beelatesks. In sesac experi-l
ments performed by Doctors WatseR and |
Carpenter, IL became desirable to- asceF,einl
the height at which q thermometer stood
In an oven. A girl volunteered 10 col
Into the oven. The gentlemen hesItated at her |
proposal but she assured them che was not In |
the least afraid Of 90 doing; and she actually
went In and remained FOR ton minutes while |
the thermometer stood two hundred and eighty
degrees; another girl remained for fye minutes
In the oven with the Thermometer at three hun
dred and twenty FIVE, where Vbeefsteaks were
cooked In thirty.thPee minutes, or, II the sir
n ere blown on them With pair Of bellows, In
th, vteen minutes. Yet In these experiments
the Young woman suffered scarcely any incon-
venh uce, and the heat of the body was scarce
Iy inNveased. Ghohest, the French shoFmsp,
called The Fire King, was ia the habit of enter
ing an oven heated from four hundred 10 six |
hundred degrees, or within o few degrees oil
that If molten lead. Animals covered with
hair and feathers die very soon In tempera-
ture much below these, apparently because the
hair and feathers interfere with the eecape Of
moiature which ia necessary to keep the blood
cool. Psrsons 10 the habit Of taking Turkish
or hot-air bstbs, experience no inconvenience
from Che high temperature as 5000 az tho per-
spiration begins to Aow. which, in pyac,iced
bather, does immediately. r575bs W. a ss5l
The amount az liquid which, in persCn in
health, issues from the porea during tbetwenty-
four hours is not loss than on imperial pint con-
tanning sbout an ounce Of solid matter 10 solu-I
| ton, and, besides, largeDamount Of oarbonie
lacid gas; hence ue estimsts the Importance oi1
keeping ducts in perfect order BY means of fre,
quent ba.hings.--Po Popular Scientific Rsuiew.a y.
-----------------s------- 80 a
| A Phil0sophic iDarkey. NJ
A correspondent of the Cincinnati Gss.ae,
writing from the Cumberland river, gives the
| fnllnUi ING humorous culfonus Witha phiIosnnhic