davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
NJ 1875
American inventive sen,u,

is1huoh lvtttf says; ...U
One thing The stupidest Euglishman
can't deny aud that is the versatility OF
American inventive genius. There was
not cut nail made in all Britain, till An
American nsil machine was sent 10 Bir-
mingham in 1890 and then the stiles
thought ,hey must make the nails Of the
same Triangular, slope. headed shape IS
ordinary wrought nails The machinery
used in making Enfield rifles in the
Government armories, was all made In
Connecticut The presses on which the
newspapers are printed that abuses you
daily, are all worked of on Hoes power
tul cylinder presses, Of which there Are
over fifty in the United Kingdom Their
splendid harvest has been, four-flfths OF
il, cut down by MoCormick's new patent
reaping machine, that cuts and gathers
in sheaves wide breadth as fast as two
horses can walk. Scarce man, woman,
or child in the kingdom but wears clothes
that were made with American sewing
machines. Last year over sixty thousand
American sewing machines were sold in
Great Britain, and of these over eight
thousand were Wilcox & Gibbs machines,
sold 20 families alone, for domestic sew
ing. Another sort--the "Franklin!'--is
used by the score in Nicops and other
great fashionable West End tailoring es-
adjustments. Besides these are half
dozen more varieties Of "steel fingers"
that help John Bull TO cover his naked
ness. This catalogue of American in
ventions could be extended almost ad
btinitam. Perhaps some Of these years
you will come over and show Mr.. John
Bull some of your long range guns, and
prove libel that oft repeated assertion
of his, that Yankees are only good shots
with the "long bow"
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
United States Of America:
MIDDLE DISTRICT OF rENSEs,RE.-No. 81

NNTuERFAs, an Information was 1led IN the Dis
w Uct Court Of The United States for the District
Aforesaid on the l7th day Of Stpti 1865, by Horace
H. Harrison, So, Attorney OF the United states for
said listrlct Rganst certain lot OF ground and the
nutngH and Improvements thereon situated on the
South wost Side Oi market street near the Public
Square n The City of Nashville and District aiore-
the city OF Nashville, and bong bounded - follows
htgl, nlng at Joseph ana Robert Woods's cornor ON
tht SogtN ,wett side Market street, ruunug thence
NJrtb Wostwrdly with faid street twenty two feet 10
the limo of tue lot belonging 90 tho heirs ~ Rob'rt
sfargy d ceased thence Ia line az right angles with
sad street one hundred aud twenty one feet ana four
iucucs 10 stake thence IN a lice at right ANGLES with
thD line last mentioned, twenty-five feet 10 Woods
alloy aud thence IN straight line % the beginning
Ale. lug Ia substance that sept 10, 1905 said pro
pery was seized by the Marshal OF the uuitrd states
Toe thp district Aiurgaid, undor ana order of SECURE
ssUeu on said day by the said Attorney Of the United
States as forfeited 90 tie United states for tl causes
oi SAID property being one Vernon X. Stevenson, late
ui tbe City ui Nashville uorcsa Il, was on and at'r
thc 18th July. 1869, engaged pa aiding and abeulng
an armed rebellion against the bofyfnmeht ol tuc
luitcd States, and did not within % Gays aier the
Proclamation of thv PRESIDENT Of tuc lptcd states
a.ct said lohrAou and rcun Co bia Alesahc' 70 the
United Sutps ami praying ior process 20 enforce the
sa.lure. vDuu-caton aud condemnation of SAID prop
urtF.
Now, Therefore, p pusutuce OF ho m' milton Of
s.H count uuocr Che seal OF eaid CONT 81 noe ai.yct-
pa, mu1y gNy public notice 90 A'i lr' sna e'nteiA
cd iu iuteresi. 20 appear bei SAID Court 90 the
Court Room m tha Capitol at Nashville on tho list
Ha. Che ueNt tgTm 90 said Coar,, De WA uoiohsrt
lU. ls.I tatu tul CO. rr to ltrrtu-e tlciI claims,
h. n. CA. COCK,
.egEZ q MaTslaI Middle listr.Dt lena,
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
United States of America

M{ HEREAS, an information was aed In the Dis
w trct Court Of the United States for the District
aforesaid, on the 18th day Of September, AID, 1853
by Horace II. Harrison, Esq, Attorney for the Unit
ted States Tor the District aforesaid, against box
continuing watches and jewelry which said miorna-
ton alleges in substance that on the FIRST day OF Sep
TENDER, 1868, in the District aforesaid, lani sal
roperty was seized as forfeited to the United States
for the causes set f0Tth ia said inf0uIa ion, t0-W
For tat the day aud year aforesaid SAID property
was transported from Louisville, in the state OF Ken.
lucky, to Nashville In the State of Tennessee, with
Que permit Of duly authorized officer OF the Urea
sury department, OF II with one that II was frauuu
cnty obtained, and pTays foc process TO enforce the
SO zuIe, c0nhscaton and condemnation OF said prop
erty.
Now, therefore, in pursuance Of the mentions Of
said Court under the al OF said Court u mo direct
ed hereby give pubic notice TO ell persons
ed in intsrest IN said property To be and nppear be-
fore said Court at the Federal Court Room IN the Cap
tol at HashY Q, on the LIST day Of the next term Of
said Conrt to'wit October 10, 1868, then and there
20 nterpose their CLAIMS.
F. r. GLAsCOCK,
U. s. Marshal Middle Dist Of Tenn
sep22-lit.
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
Pay ANA Expenses OF clerks ia
lEAohmfOua

The Richmond Examiner thus dis
courses of the suffering Of the depArt-
ment clerks from high places: ut is
simply impossible for the clerks in the
departments here to live on their present
salaries, when they have any one to de-
pend upon them. They have managed
thus far to provide for themselves food
and shelter by the aid of such means 40
they had, or by the assistance of friends.
But their money is now gone and their
wGrdrobes worn out, while prices have
gone up higher than ever. II will be
absolutely necessary greatly TO increase
their salaries unless prices come down.
Take an example; The ladies who are
employed as nOte-signers receive $40
per month II is matter Of favor alone
II they can get their board for that sum.
Their clothing, washing, medical attend
Snce, If sick, and other necessary expen-
see, have 10 be contributed b. their
friends, This, when shoes are $50 TO
$40 per pair requires necessarily large
sum. A clerk in one Of the departments
gets 81 500. II 3 single man, he pays
al present rates, from $50 70 500 per
month for room, aud $75 per month
for private board; washing 50 per month;
fuel, extra.
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
United States of America:
DISTRICT OF MIDDLE TENNEssEE-No. 2

DISTRICT OF MIDDLE TENN ESSEE--No. 2s.
XHTHEREAS, an information was fled in the
w District Court of the United State for the Dis.
taict aforesaid the 18th day Of September, 1888
BY Horace II Harrison, ESQ Attorney Of the United
States for the District aforesaid, on behalf Of the
United Sta ties, against eleven boxes OF Goods, Wares
and Merchandise whereof three boxes contain
Shoes three shirts; one Boots; ROOta and Shoes
one, Hats; one, Knapsacks and Havsrsacks; one 4,
Domestic and other ertclesi alleging IA substance,
that on the lat day Of September 1866 in The Dis
trict Aforesaid GU land, said property seized by
Thomas Cox, Captain aud A Q. NJ. u. s A, az for
eted 10 the United States for the caus set forth 10
the taid information, to Wit that on the day aud
year Aforesaid, said property purchased TO be
used In aiding, abetting, and promoting insurrec
tion against the Government OF tue United States;
and, tuFther, hat on the day aud year a aforesaid
said property was transported from louisville, in
the State OF Kentucky, to Nashville, In the State Of
Tennessee, without "a pfrmU of duly authorised
officer Of the Treasury Department, or, with such
permit, that the same was obtained by alse state
ments and deceptiUn IN violation Of the regulations
Of the Secretary OF tho Treasury, made March 81,
1868 and further, that at the time Of and after the
passage Of an act OF Congress, approved July II,
1852, entitled act 10 suppress insurrection, TO
punish treason to seize and coniscate the propert,
Of rebels, and for other purposes the owner OF said
property was engaged Ia aiding and abetung an
ed States, and did not within sixty days afer the
Proclamation OF the President of the United states,
made the Goth day Of july 1858, in pursuance Of
raid act cease to aid cOunteDance and abet said re-
be lion, and return 10 his allegiance TO the United
ties and praying Tor process agAinst said properly,
10 enforce the seizure, conhscatiOn and condenlna'
ton thereof.
Now, therefore, Ia pursuance Of the monitor OF said
Court under he seal Of the Court 10 me directed and
delivered, do hereby give public notice TO all per
sons concerned in interested in the property aote-
said that they be aud appear before said Court, al
the Federal Court room, In the Capitol, at Nashville,
in the District aforesaid, on the first day OF the
next Term tn reef, being october 10Th, 1868, then
and the TO interpose their claims, and make their
allegations IN that behalf
r. X. GLASCOCK,
q. S. Marshal for Middle District Of Tennessee.
sepI6--iit.
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
Change Iu EnEliah PubItc ssntt-
uaeut

A private letter from an American
gentleman now in Great Britain, whore
he enjoys excellent opportunities Of IN
formation, was received here yesterday.
The writer says that n remarkable
change has come over the public opinion
of England within the last few weeks.
IL now favors the North as strongly as II
has heretofore favored the south. Among
the distinguished converts is Mr.. Glsd-
stone, who will take an early opportpni-
" Of declaring himself the friend of the
Union. The writer is assured upon
high authority that the rebel rams will
not be permitted to sail, or that il they
do sail they will each be escorted by an
English iron-clad, instructed TO prevent
them from violating the neutrality Of
Britain. ltis added that large amount
Of capital is awaiting the settlement of
the ram question, in order 20 seek in
vestment in American securities, Our
recent victories are regarded az the cause
Of this change Of front by England. "
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
The itRbe0s Corpus ana the Fresh
donVs Proclamation. .

In the United states District Court, to-
day, before Judge M Candies, four wriis
of habeas corpus, directed 70 Capt. Il. =.
Wright, Provost Marshal, came up for
hearing. These were cases already re-
ported, aud pending investigation. Capt
Wright made return that he held the
bodies OF the parties named, as soldiers
IN the service Of the United States and
recited the late proclamation OF lhe Pres
ideht, snsponding The writ Of hAbeas
corpus, 30 a sufficient reason why tbe
bodies should not be produced Judge
MCandless decided the answer sufficient
and dismissed the Wris az the cost 81
the United States. The proclamation,
therefore, will put an end to the service
of writs in cases OF this character -
PHsJUg Gq-eiie, lSA.
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
New ana Horrible Disease In Inc
southern Confectionery.


The Columbia South Caroliniau has
the following account Of q new disease
which has made its appearance in
that State which reminds one Of Vir-
gils picture of the pestilence in Italy,
given in the Georges, or Boccacio's
graphic description Of the plague in
Florence
A new disease called FsbTs C,usiocea,
or shell fever, has recently broken out on
our coast. IL comes on suddenly, the pa
tient starting as il alArmed-iust like
cases Of children having a convulsion,
where the appearance of being frightened
precedes the attack. Those affected gem
orally utter an exclamation of surprise,
and are Agitated, a sort of cholera comes
on, or sudden jerking of the muscles of
the lower limbs, causing tendency 10 To-
comotion-the disposition being TO move
about from one place TO another, but
rather more TO exercise in a straight line
to some distant point.
Some whose knees are weak are taken
with tendency to shaking, but it has
been remarked that many of these cAses
seemed strengthened, and they move as
rapidly as more vigorous subjects. This
class of cases predominstes largely, while
others have a disposition to inaotion, and
show a propensity to avoid any motion,
even to walk up stairs--they strangely
have disposition to descend into under.
ground cellars, or damp Easements,
where they remain almost powerless,
fancying they hear noises in the air,
such as whistling, whizzing, and curious
shrieks.
This class seem 10 have the nervous
system rendered very acute, and sleep
badly, waking up constantly with a
start. We saw some the cases recent
ly in Charleston, and met several during
the night, actually in the street We
heard of one old gentleman who left the
Charleston Hotel without notice, and ran
with agility in the direction of the Cita-
del, who was found in the morning hug
cling . post under its north wall, safe
from harm. Many other cases were
noted. Recoveries were generally rapid,
and we heard Of none terminating
mortAlly.
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
United States of America:

AA--faFA-aA@A-Asf
w BEREAs, ian information has been filed in the
w District Court OF the United States for the Dis
rct Aforesaid on the 18th day OF september 1863 by
Horace II. Harrison, ESQ, Attorney OF the United
states for said District, against cases Shoes Box
hats caps, box assorted goods, and h0X dry
eoodsaileging In substance that on Sept I 1893 In
tho District aforesaid on land said property was
seized forfeited TO the Ueited ates because the
same was ON the said day and year transported from
Louisville IN the State Of Kentucky to Nashville, in
the state Of Tennessee being place on the south
side of the Ohio fi5er, below Wheeling without per-
init Of duly authorized officer OF tue Treasury De.
partment, or If with one tbat Il was iraudulenty OBJ
aned aud praying for process 20 enforce the seizure
oOnhsca ton and condemnation OF said property.
Now, therefore, In pursuance OF the monitor (
said Court under the seal Of said Court TO direct
cd hereby give public notice 70 all persons concern
ed IN interest said property to appear before the
said Court at the Court Room in the Capitol at NASH
yle the first day of the next term OF said Court
towit October l9 isG3 then and there to interpose
their claims.
r. GLAsCOCK
United states Marshal Middle District Tenn.
sept22
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26


ssp22-lm
/ box, Miller 1t. c. y. Nashville,
package, MoPhersou Capt NJ. 4. Nashville.
1 box, McFcIrien, J, O., Nashville,
l box, Morris william, 35th Indiana.
box, Neat Miss Jassie, lullAh0ma.
] package, O'Brien NJ, Nashville.
/ package, oven j. j., 31th Ohio
l box, Parker H. S5th Indiana.
box, ound @. S, nashville.
1 box, Peaseley, j., Nashville
bundle,- Rowe, Geo., 9TH Pa, Cav.
1 bundle, Rump Carl, oath Illinois.
trunk, Raymond, e., Nashville.
box, pussyll X, Barnetts Artillery
l box, Reynolds A., Hospital No. q
/ box, Smith Capt j. W Nth Ohio
l box, smith J. A., 9sth lninois.
boz, Schultz Adj. j ~, Lagrange, Tennessee
1 box Arnold G. W. Nashville,
l Accord A. L. SGD Illinois.
package Brown l.. 9th Illinois,
package Banker g. 10th Indiana.
l box Bogni n Jas. 3sth indiana.
box Buck G. Tlh Kentucky cavalry
box Barber S. Convalesoent camp.
chest B,air Adjutant J. N 7th Indiana
box Belden JnO A. Bowlng Green
box Blackburn ". p, 4Oth Ohio.
package Brandon Geo. Tooth Illinois.
l package BrOuntlee Hugh, Hospital Ms
package Cappcr David 18th Ohio
package Garlic b. Nashville.
/ package Dupree JuO K. Nashville.
l package Estine Fred 18th Illinois
l package, Gray ID ", 18Th Ind
! package George J =, SD Ind.
package Hartman, Il J, S0th lll
package, Hublor Christian, 18TH Pa,
l pacEage, Tennessee j, Nashville
l box, Heih jas, oath Wis.
l paoksge, Ives X, eth IN.
/ package, Johnson 81 l., I'd Ind. Cav.
J pack GO, jackson W Il, Nashville
box jaeger II Smithand, Ky.
l miniature, Kelly John, "a Ind. cav.
box, luttlo @ +, 18th OHIO
I box, lott Jno; Nashville,
1 box, Moore solomon, Franklin.
] I'D Maitland K l., New York.
b'd, Mitchell Brig Gen o ~ Nashville.
l box Montgomery +, Columbia, Tetu.
l box, Mengis Morris, lst Ohio battery.
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
United States of America,


VXTHEREAS an information was filed ia the Dis
w triot Court Of the United States for the District
aioresaid on the 10th day Of September, 1868, by
Horace II, Harrison ESQ, Attorney Tor the United
States for sad District, against seven barrels contain
ing Whiskey, alleging In substance, that, on the let
day Of September, 1868, In the District aforesaid
lAud, said property was seized by W G, BrOwnlOw,
Assistant special Agent OF the Treasury Department
1t Nashville, forfeited 20 The United States Tor the
causes set forth in Ead Information, 10 wit that on
the day and year Aforesaid said pr0port was trans
ported from Louisville, IN the state Of Kentucky, 90
Nashville, In The state OF Tennessee, without per-
mit Of duls authorized oloer Of the Treasury De-
partmrnt, or u with such permit thar tho same was
ffaudulenuy procured, and praying process 20 en-
force the seizure, cunhscation and conformation Of
said property.
Now, ther,t Fore 10 pursuance Of The mOutlon OF
the said Court, under the stu of faid Court 10 me
directed, hereby give public notice 90 an per 0ns
concerned Ia interest IN faid property 90 appear be
fore sid District Court, al the Federal Court Ro1m Ia
the Capitol, at Nashville, "a the District Aforesaid on
the fret day Of the next term of said Court TO vii
October no, 1885, then and there TO mterpose their
claims. X GLANCOCk,
L. s Marshal, Mid. dat. Touu.
sep22ltt
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
Aashrille agninn.
From The Cincinnati Gazette
The OFIiciOus Gun agent Tor the
Rebels.

From The Cincinnati Gagettc.
The OFiicious Gun agent Tor the
Rebels.
A subscriber calls our attention to the
coincidence that the date of Vallandig-
hams letter TO Kittridge g. Co., inquiring
il they could furnish seyenty-iive OF
more, perhaps q good many more, Mimic
muskets," which friend Of his, a mem
Der of the House wanted, namely, jan
uary l6, 1861, was the day that the
Southern Senators refused to vote on the
Clark resolutions, and then, making their
own action the occasion, telegraphed to
their States that they could get no com
promise fron the North, and must pre-
pare for war. Thus, on the very day
that they thought they had shut the door
on negotiation, and had made the war
certain, Vallandigham wrote TO house
in Cincinnati, known TO be large dealers
in guns, the following letter;
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE, }
WASHINGTON, d. c.,
January 16, 1861.
Kitt,Idgs d Co., Cincinnati, Ohio:
GENTS: A friend of mine, member of
the House, desires to purchase seventy
live or more Mimic muskets of the same
kind you furnished Col King of Dayton,
for the Zouave Guards, and at the same
price, 50. If you can furnish seventy
i've, or perhaps good many more send me
one here by express as q sample, at once
Very truly,
G. L. VALLAND1aHAM.
z. S.-How about the accouterments?
Let the time, the place, the ciroum-
stances, and the nature of this proposal
be borne in mind, and the fact stated by
Messrs. Kittridge, that they had been
largely in the Southern trade in guns, and
had had 3 branch house at New Orleans,
and that 80 general was The impression
in the South at the time that theyswould
furnish guns for the rebellion, that it re-
CURED the whole time of clerk 10 re-
ply to the inquiries and orders they re-
ceived, and no candid mind can resist
the conviction that this letter was an
ofiicious offer to open an arrangement to
supply his Southern masters with arms
to make war against the Union.
This Vallandigham is now watching"
over the Canada border, 10 see how his
rebel friends in Dixie and his econ
servatiVe" friends in the North are pro-
gressinS in the great conspiracy to put
American liberty under the feet of the
slaveocracy. The rebels are making
vigorous effort at Chattanooga, and the
conservatives" are working busily in
Ohio, Pennsylvania and New York.
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26

some years ago Charles C. Burleigh
visited Wilkesbarre, Pa, to address the
people In behalf OF universal freedom.
George W. Woodward, tho present Cop
perhosd candidate ion Governor Of the
State, aided In getting up mob which
drove Mr. BurlSigh out Of town. And
yet Woodward has the impudence TO ask
for ibe sullrsges of the people ~ a
champion Of the constitutional right OF
free speech The right OF tfaitors 10
assail The Government, no means
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
For SAD.

A BRICK HOUSE situated on the Frankln Ike,
n corner OF Mss street, con tslbing four 70 me,
ktthun, AtAblo thirty nye foot front, one hun
dred and forty feet deep, to an aley.
H. C. sCOyEL.
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
For Manufacturing Establishments
and Other Purposes.

MTE oGer Three arge Lots IN the vicinity Of The
w Corporation Spri &, and but short distance
from the General Railroad uep't, viz:
ONE lot, with good picket fence, on Spruce street.
about 400 feet front, running through to Vine, about
400 feet and frOotnP on three sire g. total number
Of front teet about 1900
Also, LOT on Vine street. about SOP feet, run.
ming through 10 Mel emure street about goo feet
irontDg three streets, and having total front Of
about 500 feet, with picket icuos
Also, on ON High street, about Geo feot 'front.'
running 20 an alley IN the direction OF Summer
street
The three lots above mon 'iorei are considered
good for manufacturing purposes, as they are con-
venlent, cheap, have water facilities, and room for
washmatorisl and are we'll worthy of the aiten-
uon VI thuss Who desire 10 invest IN productive
property II. g. sCONEL.
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
UNION HOTEL,
nashville, Tcuno North Market Strtet

Nashville, Tcnne North Market Street
VNHls HOUSE Is PLEASANTLY Al
i situated near the 81 uaTe and CONVEX ~ 4fA
TENT TO tn. Nashville and Louisville IssssUtt
epot Persons whiting Nishyille, will ssssI+fn
ma Il TO their interest 20 call az tnis kalA
house, as my Bills are lighter by far
han any other house IN the city.
My prices are, 81 90 per night, breakfast, supper
and Lodging, aud 81 s. Per day three Meals AMI
iodqing; OF IS so per week, and 90 cents per Meal
You viii and iust such faro as the country affords
Cali and Try mo ). W "OO9thhEt
sFpg SIM Proprietor.
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
For Sale,

A HANDSOME REslDEECE, lot fronting the
N Capitol Park Street, considered tue most desir
able part Of the city for Family Res iences Apply
II. q. So0NEL.
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
Public Auction.

Office Depot Commissarg
Nashville, Tenn Sept. 10, 1868.
NHTUL. BE SOLO AT PUBLIC AUCTION, ON
w saturday the Goth Of September, 1868, At 10
o'clock, a M, the following condemned SUBSISTENCE
207 Boxes Bacon;
237 Barrels do
30 Tierces do
CLOG Barrels CRISIS;
- Barrels HOminy:
1913 BOXES Hard Bread;
10 Barrels do
30 do Corn Meal;
& do Peas;
3 do 1ttCe;
Sale viii take place at the Warehouse, corner Of
SAM J LITTLE,
sep2O-5t CAPT. and G. g.
The Nashville daily union. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1862-1866, 1863-09-26
Walnut Grove Lots,

A RE pleasantly situated, With good water faclii-
n Ties, healthy, pretuy sloped, ine forest trees
about ton or fifteen minutcs' walk from the Public
Square, possessing the advantages IN many respects,
Of both city ana country, and exempt from the dis
advantages OF the city, viz: onuyia heat, heavy
taxes etc. The subscriber offers VI SALE LOIS
on ali iheHtreeu and avenues in th beautiful ulat
Amply 10 n. q. SCOVFL