Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1863-09-24

3al aM& 4nN
Busnos Aysss spanish sosr lad act foot for fourtssI
years IL this contest said Macintosh, "spproach
ing to equality Isit sufficient to render tho independence
OF such country doubtful Does it deserve the name Of
conost" II was not until 1925 that Great Britain was
so far satisfied to acknowledge this ndepeudence.
France followed in 1880 AMI Castaa pride reented IN
1892 twenty-five years from the first date II the contest
The next instance 10 that Of Greece which declared IT.
self Independent January 81 1922 After contest Il
more than I'VE years. with alternate success and disaster
the great Powers iuervened rcby in 1927 but the final
rec gnitbn postponed till May 1892 Then came the
instance Of Belgium, which declared itself independent In
October $780, and was promptly recognised BY the great
Powers, who interviewed frcibly for this purpose The
last instance ia Texas which declared its independence in
December 1895, and defeated The Mexican army under
Santa Anna making him prisoner in 1886 The power Of
Mexico seemed to be- overthrown but Andrew Jackson
who then Prede,t az the United States, in his Mes
Of December 81 1886 land down the rule Of caution
and justice such OCCASION ~ iolows "The &C
kn0wedgment of new State Independent. and en-
titled TO place in the family III ma i0ns al all times
act of great decacy and responsibility but especial
when such State has forcby separated itsef from
an Their, of which ii had formed integral part. and
which still claims dominion over il. premature recOg-
milton under these circumstance not looked upon
justfabe of always liable to BIO regarded
proof of an unfriendy spirit" And he concluded by
proposing that country should keep aloof until the
question was decided beyond cav or dispute. During
the next yeagwhen tbs contest had practically ceased
and only the claim remained-this new Power was
knowl-dged by the United States who followed in
1910 byGreat Britain, France and Belgium. Texas
annexed to the United States lS45, but at this time
Mexico had not joined in the general recognition.
PRINCIPLES APPLICABLE TO RECOGNITION
Such the historic instances which illustrate inter-
venon by recognition As in other of intervention
the recognition may be armed unarmed, with inter
mediate case where the rec ignition may seem to be I'M
armed when in reality it is armed when France simply
announced its recognition Of the independence eff The Uni
ted States, and ut the time prepared TO maintain it
by war.
Armed recognition is simply recognition by coercion.
1t il begrrent act constituting war, and it can be vnd
catrd only No nation will undertake it unless
ready to assume all the responsibilities of in the
of Greece and Belgium, not to mention the
recognition of the United States by France. But at
tempt under the guise Of recognition to the dis
memberment or partition OF country in It's nature Of
fensve beyond ordinary especially when the country
to be sacrificed Republic and the pl0ers against it
crowned heads Proceeding from the consciousness Of
brutal power, such attempt is insult to mankind
1t armed recognition at any time fnd apology, it will
be only where sincerely made for the protection Of
human rights 1t would be hard to condemn inter-
vention which saved Greece to freedom.
Unarmed recognition is where foreign Power acknow-
lodges pacific form the independence of colony
province against the claim of its original Government
Although excluding all idea of coercion yet it cannot be
| uniformly justified
NO RECOGNITION WHERE THE CONTEST is STILL
/ PENDING.
And here brought to that question of time, y
which Mr Canning pointedly piqued himself and TO
which President erred when he suggested that
"a premature recognition might be- "0oked upon as a
recognition may be favored at time while il must be
rejected at another So far it to ascertain
rights instead of facts to anticipate the result of
| tes it is wrongful. No nation undertake to sit in
judgment the rights Of another nation without its
Therefore, it cannot declare that de nrs colony
province entitled to Independence but from the
cessty of the and that international intercourse
not fail it may ascertain the facts carefully and wisely
and the actual evidence it may declare that de aco
colony province appears to be in of indie
p-ndence, which means, first that the original Govern
ment dspoysessed beyond the possibility of recovery
and second that the Government has achieved that
reasonable stability with fixed limits which gives
ance of solid Power ALI Of this is simply fact and
nothing more. But just in proportion as foreign nation
anticipates the fact. imagnes the fact substitutes
its passions for the tact it transcends the well defined
bounds of international law Without the fact of indepen-
dence positive and fixed, there is nothing but caim.
Now, netting be clearer tn that he the terrible
litigation is stl pending and The trial by BATTLE which
apps has been made yet undecided the fact of nde
pendence cannot exist There is only paper indepen-
dence which, though redeemed with blood, is
than paper empire or paper blockade, and any pre-
tnded recognition OF it wrongful Intervention,
sistent with just neutrality since the fleet must
b. the nsurgeut party Such has been the
declared Judgment of our country and its practice,
under circumstances tempting in another direction and
such also was the declared sment and practice of Great
Britain with reference TO Spanish America.
The conclusion then, Is clear In order to justify
cognOn it must appear ond doubt that de the
contest finished and that dc aco the Government
| is established within xed limits These
dtions precedent, which cannot be avoided without
that International law which the guardian Of the peace of
the world 1t will Do for shortly TO inquire if there be
not another condition precedent which civil cation in this
| age will require.
Do you ask if foreign Powers acknowledge
slavemonger embryo independent nationf There is
madness the thought A recognition, accompanied by
the breaking of the blockade, would be war-impious
warHgainst the United States where savemongers would
be the allies and slavery the inspiration. Of all 10
history accursednOne to draw down
upon its authors the judgment alike OF God aud But
|
while the contest still pendngeven without any break
ing of the blockade attempted con, satanic ab-
surdty hardly less mpous than the other Of it
would uabushngy assume that in fact the savemoDgrrs
had already succeeded 10 establishing independent
| ton with dntroubled Government and secure con-
formation territory when in fact nothing is established
nothing untroub.d nothing is securenot even single
boundary line; and there is element Of independence
except the sudacous attempt when in fact the conf ct s
still waged battle-felds and these pretendes
to Independence been driven from State to State
back from the sea- which surrounds themand shut mp in
the interior in bocksded porte that only by stealth
they communicate with the outward world Any
ccgniton Of such pretenson existing only preten-
son. secuted and denied by whole people with invincbe
armies and navies embattlrd against it, would be flaming
mockery OF truth lie would assert independence fact
when VIGOROUSLY 10 not fact 1t would be
lie Naturally Power thus guilty wcud expect to
| support the lie by arms.
ITO BE CONTINUED
GEN. McCLELLAN'S REPORT.
This important document still slumbers in the hands of
the President the War Department, and is not permit
Il