The New York herald., 1863-09-11


that In the NJ d wa any Iaed iatica or indeed
ary proroson which does not enjoin Submission % The
orc nal authority ls IN its nstnrc adverse N ,ho
.y Tor assumes 10 a certain extfn the separate ex.s-
ehce OF tie other party ard sorasea of Il temporary
unmeNls and opportunity, II nor ince endetcc Con
gress therefore. was right 10 deca torcen Powers
thai any reacwed ert o. mediation a.ars vfl be
regarded as M unrricfdy act.
Iho-e is auoiLcr case uf unasmed iaisrrentnn which
cannot c-'ticise, " IS where ration in'efcedes or
iierrcses favor human rights or 10 ssclre Tho
o,cstnross oil sme enormous wrong, whore Cr' IN
vel oiesd -, with Bobe irtcscesslcn, Tor the se-
cudcd Iroeants of the hIp,ne valleys, ,yhor- Great
Bilain and France declared their syInp shy with the
eeks struggling for iafe cndeucc. and whore Gre !
hri.ain alone, hy an uus'rng diplomacy, cet herself
against slavery cre'ywifre thfciph Gt tae VOID.
Inc who'll lesson cr this head NAV be summed up
briefly al i,e vcnian in tho r.'rrsl aae'rs ~ an
oher nation " conrarg 70 las aud reason end can DO
s,uuNa'eN oh'y ~ ovcrrunng nscess.tJ u ylu ntor
we're by war. then mst there DO the necessity o. self
theh mist you be able to sFcak ~ heli of civilization
enda gercd 0. human uture inSn,ed Pit IN re rs no
Power which s bound tn his humane policy - bsoncly
az fn.and especially ~ there none wllh I go hxed
beyond Tho ns5sbity OF retreat chan in IT'S onro.
sl Mhe,sr 70 i sasSsry S M wa,sysr snaae may as,ne
tha forced labor" OF muilitude-or even the or
solitary domestic.
INTERVENTION ny Rrroosrrfos
There Is species Of gn an VII c' stands
by tselr ano has iis Illustrations Therefore sneak
OF by Itself II ia uh foreign Poae undertakes 10
Acknowledge tho indepcudcncc a a ooany or province
which has renounced is original allegiance ara u may
be conipcndousy c.lcd intervention by recorriiin Re-
cogh n alano Ia strctlv apple ,bo 70 the OF tho
original government, renoructng all claim of ale
glance nod at last ackno" odsing the independence
Mhc.i has been Ia dispute. But IL |. M act Of
Intervention only whore lorcisn government steps
between the two parties. Of tho erlgnsi 60
vernnent is so Tar muster Of it's position that 10 may
se'ec, its time ma,ng this recognition. nut tEc
question sri at wbrt time and under h3t crcunsta-
ces can thus recosnon b. nado ~ foreign Power u
Is obvious that recognition a time aud mr.
der spcc'i circumstance ond net be per at an 1hcr
and under aeren, circumstances. Mr Canning said aih
reference TO spanish America that g" he piccd himself
upoa any ythins 1t was tho subject Of tms ard no
added that there were two ways OF proceeding weat
reckessy ard with hurrehfoarse tire oh ec, which
To ugh rcacLcd might DO almost as lost and
the other was by strictly guarded that
principe violated a. no offence Given 10 other Pow
ors These wo. dis OF wise Statesman hip they
present the practical question ac must in every
G ssot reoleni'on What condition Of the controversy
And here again the whoe matter be best explained
by s.oric nsilees The earliest case Is that of swift
zcrand which led the way, as oEg as 1907 by break
ing from the House OF !Igpsburg whose original cradle
wns IN Sws5 canton. Eut Austria did not gckowiedgc
tho Independence Of tho republ until the peace cf West
phaa. more than three centuries and baf a'terthe
struggle began under William, Tell Meanwhile the
tons had lived through the vcissudes CT foreign
aud domestic and had orme treaties with ohcr Powers,
including the Pope Before Swiss ialei eadence was ac
knowleiged the Dutch conflict bcgan uder William Of
Orange SartDg rhder inlocrable grievances and with
price set upon the bead Of their ilsriors Sadholicr
the nted Provinces or the Netherlands in 1872 renouncei
tic yrarncai sovereignty of Philip H. ard declared them
selves independent. In the history Of freedom this
important epocN They wcfo rrotcsiants. battling for
rights deuicd Elizabeth Of England who the
bead Protestansm acknowledged their indie endence
and shortly afterwards to military aid. The
continued e. stained on tho side OF spai by tho ge
MUS OF Pa and Spnoa and the side Of the infant
republic by ho youthful talent OF Maurice, OF the
great Stakeholder nor did foreign Powers stand aoo In
1904 Scotland which was Protestant also under James
W., afterwards the first james Of England. treated with
the insagent provinces az successors OF tho Houses of
burgundy and Austria and in 1896 france aso entered
into alliance with them. But the ella ms o! Spain
seemed urdyipg for was mt until the peace Of West
seventy years ser tie Declaration Ion Of ,naerenaeaee,
that this Power consented to tho recognition o.
Dutch independence Nor does THIS example stand
alone even at that early day Portugal, IL 1910.
also brokc away fr m spain ard declared herself
ndeacndent. under the Duke OF Brasaaza as Kisg. a
yer had scarcely passed when Charles q England
negotiated treaty win the sovereign The contest
Ind aircay ceased, but not the calm FOR 1t only
after twenty SIX that Spain made this other recog
milton.
Travcrsng the Atlantic space and moro than
century in time come 70 next historic instance
which is so interesting TO all while az prece ent Il
dominates the whole que ton. lie long dscurd BE-.
tween the colonies aud the mother country broke forth
in blood on the ioh April 1776. Independence was do.
carcd tho 9Th July. l7T6. Battles crsnei. Trenton,
Princeton randy@iAc saratoga, followed by tae winter
OF valley Forge. Tie contcst yet undecided when.
tho 9Th February. 1yTs, France entered into
treaty Of amty and commerce with the Uoited states.
containing amonc other things, recognition of their
Independence. with mutanl siipulaiions between the
two parties 10 protect the oe the other by
voy on the ocean. 'agans al attacks. fhrcc and vo
lence = ard this treaty the 18th OF March
rcated to the British government by mo French Anbas
sador al LONDON, with diplomatic note in which the
Unitcd States described in full pcssssn or ihr
Independence pronounced Dy the Of ith igy lT.6
and tho British government Us warned that the Eiag os
France, Sin order to protect effectively tic legitimate
ccmerce Of h's sub ecs aad the honor Of hs
1ag, has taken utlrr With the Cnted States
further treaty OF alliance whose declared oh cct
the mart nance Of the Independence the United States,
had hcen sirncd On the same day. but this
not communicated Is there any evidence that
II was known TO the British gcvngnmcnt at the
time The communication az the Other enough;
FOR In itself ofcn recognition OF the rower
with premise OF protection 10 It's the ocean.
whie he war was yet aersBi between tho two parties
~ IN cd I'D qy
planned by Tho circumstances under which it made
the warning, in the nature Of menace. BY which it
arc1mpanied-ihe capdestne preparations by which IL
WAS rrceededand The corsais g. cruise agaps British
commerce. which for some lime had been allowed to
swarm under the American Gag from trench ports IL
was so accepted BY the British government. The British
minister WAS summarly withdraw from Paris. all
French vessels IN British barbos seized and
March |, message from the king brought down TO
Pnrl ment, which IN tho of declaration or
war against Francs. In this declaration ihors was
sion 10 any thing bat the treaty OF amty ard com
merce, Officially communicated by tn trcnch Alnbassa-
do, which was eenoonccd by bis Ma csty unpro
yosed aud unjust aggression the honor Of his
and the essential interests OF his Kingdoms contrary 10
tho law OF nations ana Injurious to the ghs OF every
foreign Power Europe" Only three DAYS later on the
2lst o. March The Commissioners os tho United States
received by the King of France solemn
with All The nomn ani ceremony acc rdo by tho Co oirt o
Versailles 90 the representa- ives &c sovereign rowcra
War eusged between Fracce and Great Britain land
and Ia which Holland and Spain aterwards took part
Against Great Britain WI such nlics i.t pre-
vailed Great Brain, b" provisional articles sirei at
Parts so,h November, iTs2 acknowledged the United
carel The bound les thereof.
The success of colonial Independence eontagogs,
and contest for u presented another htor instance
discussed and constituting precedent. poss.bc,
more interesting iti Ths when the spanish colo
uies kmerca following the northern example, broke
away from the mother unify aud declared themselves
indepepdcnt The contest began casly a 1910; but IL
was long c9niDued aud extended over an immanse 10
gon-- New Mexico and California IN the North To
capc Horn in the SouthSash bed by two vast
trave scd by ghty aud divided By loity noun
taiIs-frttui In siivcrcsupei with and shooting
with volcanic Gre. Al last the United states, satisfied
that the anccn OF Span had practically ceased 10
exist. beyond reasonable chance % restoration and
that the contest ended Acknowledged hide pend
81 Mexico and eve other provinces. But this
was approached only after frequent debate IN Congress
where Henry Clay took eminent part, aud after
most careful consideration in the cabinet, wh.re
John Quincy Adams Secretary OF state shed upon the
question all tho light OF his unsurpassed knowledge de-
rived from long practice. well from aboroDs stndy
of International law. 1bs Judgment on this occasion
must bc regarded authority. President Monroe in
q special message, on the sth o. March, is22-twcve
years after began callci the stentioa Of Con-
gres the state of the contest which he sai chad
reached such stage and been a,'cndet with !c
tur - a