The New York herald., 1863-05-19
Our Berlin correspondence.

Rsportd Jltiaai,sa Of England 10 Ans.ica7he Too Ma.
tions Drifting mo Irar-7hs French Emperor Med,ate'
an Al.act upon PrusSia-Rumors of an Otensipe aud
Defenssre Alliance betlceep RuSsia and Prussid-7a
Polish RepoIson-Succor from Prussian Poland, dc.
On saturday the Berlin Stock Exchange completely
frightened from its proprety by telegram from London,
asserting that Earl Russell had sent an unauin to
Washington requiring the federal government to reeve
the ships illegally captured by Admiral Wilkes, with
suitable compensation to the and instrucng Lord
Lyons To ask for his passports if this demand was not
complied with The panic universal railway shares
aud funds OF all descriptions showed aacry In sink
ing unparalleled since the time of the Italian war and
heavy losses sustained by those sanguine persons
who, in spite OF the gloomy aspect OF the political
horizon, Still continued TO speculate Ia hausse
BY later accounts it appears that the decided
steps ascribed the British Cabinet have not yet been
resolved upon but the violent speech of Mr. Roebuck in
the House of Commons, the cheers it was received WITH
and the language of the altogether give sufficient
evidence Of the spirit that pervades the governing classes OF
England have certainly not contributed to allay the
apprchensions entertained by the public OF an ap
preaching rupture between the two nations Not
wthsanding the warliie propensities OF Lord Pal
merson, he may hesitate TO engage IN conet the issue
Of which no foresee; but IL is well known that
the humiliation of the great TRANSATLANTIC republic has
been his favore dream the last quarter OF century,
and in the long he will hardly be able to resist so
tempting opportunity of realizing il. Such demands
as those mentioned would in fact be equivalent to
declaration of 1t is useless to deny that the con-
duct Of America the Trent affair, whatever may be
thought OF prudential motives that dictated it, has nN
exactly tended her prestge and she cannot
submit second tme especially when she is so palpaby
in the right, without losing caste as an independent
Power. 1t is true that war with England would ada in-
cscuaby the embarrassments which the Union is al
ready laborng under but if it must come, sooner or
later perhaps the present moment be as favorable
for it as any other The failure Of the attack upon
Charleston proves at least that orreses well armed and
defended a match for iron clad fleets; and II
the measures taken by the North for the protection
of her ports efficient as those OF the rebels,
che will have very little fear from the British navy
while thousand Northern Aabamas would be securing
the in all directions, and nfctng such injury on the
encmys trade that he might be obliged to call for
quarter. And BESIDES out OF the million or so OF men
the fedora government have now on foot 1t would be
strange they could not spare couple of hundred thou
sand for the invasion Of Canada for ibusterng"
expedition to the British West India Islands.
So much certain, any rate that hostilities with
ihe United States now when they are shorn OF half
their strength would the of England to the
utmost and eectuay divert her attention from European
politics or this additional reason why such
whcro The uagence England has hitherto been looked
upor as sort counterpoise TO the predomnance OF
Louis Napoleon It extremely difficult 10 fa,hom the
dcsgrs Of that mysterious personage but there is gene
raj impression, confirmed by everything we hear from
Paris, tha, he is medtatg grand COUP directed either
the self evident, attack upon her would not
dangers landing an army on the coasts
OF the Baltic where the winter sets in early,
and might prove as valuable auxiliary Of the
Muscovtes WAS in 1872 All ne wants is pretext Tor
after all Prussia has given him the slightest offence
Iloh hapn
him; aud adays even Louis Napoiean cannot go 10
without having some plausible reason 70 assign LOT
yesterday Change that the King had been
mad enough to form offensive and defensive alliance
with the Gar the French Emperor would be fuly ust-
Hed in considering il a cas,s b such treaty could
only been concluded against hmse but IN govern
circles il is denied IN the most positive man
ner AS vet however, Louis Napoleon has always
bccn lucky the bunders Of his opponents There Is
strong Russian party at tn,s Coars, sc,;on Sna a s s
nephew Alexander, abhors everything that savors OF
revolution, and thinks himself bound ike Lord Grey 70
tstand by his order IL would not be surprising II this
idosypcracy should hurry him into some ndiscreton o
which the crafty autocra OF the Gaus will not fan TO take
advantage.
In Poland there seems to be kind of pause in the
military operations; not that the insurgents show any
signs OF dscouragement but OF the bravest lead
c have been killed surrendered TO the Ausrians they
have reorganize their forces and select new command
ors By the capture OF gallant and able Padlewski
they have suffered another heavy blow for all that their
numbers constantly on the increase and, according
20 the Gas there are now no less hundred and
ffty different bands dispersed through the kingdom
which, taking each at only two hundred men, would form
total of geo. The Badin Zeitung afrms that they
ntend abandon their system of guerilla warfare, which
has not been found answer and will recommencc acting
in large bodes bat this not probable since IL would be
repeating tho mistake committed by Langewicz and en-
able the Russians deal them crushing blow whereas a.
present even the total destruction Of one or more Of
the small bands remains without effect upon the genera
course OF events Thus, Cerzkows9i, VINO was cur on
with his whole detachment oi three hunareu
men near cyenstochow has been replaced replaced, by an, an
Lopack Jezioransk has returned from Galcia with par
OF the troops formerly commanded by Gregowez, ant
Lewandowski has been succeeded by Lelewel, who
though driven the frontier at Zamosz has reen
tered 1t near sandernier. Just now the insurrectio
appears be gaining most ground in tho northwestern
districts bordering on Prussian Poland, which actual
swarm with " rebels" under the chief command OF
NJ do Taezanowski OF the rchesand most nnuentia
landed proprietors in the province OF Posen.
They said to rnoditate an attack upon Ronin an'
70 aftoen thousand inhabitants and would therefor
oer thom excellent point dGppu for future operation;
The Russian garrison about ve Thousand strong put va
Poles il they united all the separate bands, could easl
muster thousand and as they are toleraby well prt
vGcd with and ammunition, which are all smuggle
across the frontier from Prussia, the chances would
greatly IN their favor unless the Russians should receiy
rcn.orcements, which have been applied Tor most
gently by the general commanding at kalisoh suspec
However that ali this is a mere fsint Of the Poles,
which enemy induced TO concentrate ms FORCES ne
Kasch while they direct their % asn5, h,ss,y sO
ccnsed with Prussa for allowing such large suppes al
such numerous bodies sympahzers 70 cross ne, ITO
ter without being Interrupted and the common soioe
persuaded that tho King has secret understandit
with tho insurgents, rnd has given his officers orders
neod not saw the unscpnistcatcd Muscovtes do b
Majesty the greatest possible Injustice but II Is certain
curious that of many transports that have been Sc
into Russian Poland from Posen, West Prussia al
silcsa, only three or four have been stopped by
Prussian troops and that the multitude OF recruits wi
aro constantly 1ockng across tho frontier and who
departure announced quite openly In the newspaper
should almost invariably succeed In escaping pursu
In this respect the measures adopted by Austria sin
she has set her against the exodus OF her Poll
sub ects have proved Ear more efficient The truth Is,
Prussiaus so entirely out OF tho habit
active military service that they get perfectly bewlder
rs anything occurs beyond the regular routine
dril and parade, and the sensible and shnrpwitted
aurreuts have, therefore, very little difficulty Ia eludi
tbeir vigilance. The poor soldiers most 10 be pts
they arc marched about from post 70 pillar, withc
kuoxins why or wherefore; quartered in dirty Pol
vagcs where they are eaten up with vermiu, and la
nothing 10 comfort themselves with but the vilst kind
putri II is no wonder they are heartily tired OF
10 rnlieved a duty latlcn