The New York herald., 1863-11-20

ut 10 hide the deormny OF the CRIME under the coas
'eat sophstry which makes the worst appear the
or reason we are told by the leaders OF me rebel
that In our complex system Of government the Sc
or is only an "agency' established by these soye
ns TO manage certain affairs, which they could 90
lately for this theory that the federal Constitution
men has been adopted py Me people OF every State
the Union, az much tholr state constitutions
ave been adopted, and declared 70 be paramount to
them no where recognizes the States sovcrcigns %
~ aes mat, BY their names Il does not recog
aze them at ALL who tho authority established by that
Instrument Is recognized in its text not as IN
agency but as the "government of the United
@ates" By mat constitution, moreover which purports
ITS preamble to be ordained established by tthe
,eopie Of the United statee.' 1t is expressly provided
that tho members Of tho state legislatures and all the
executive officers, shall be bound by oath affirmation 70
support the consultation" Now it is common thing
under all governments for an agent to be bound by oath
70 be faithful 20 his sovereign but heard before
q soyeregns being bound by oath to be faithful to their
Certainly do deny that the separate States are
kothed with sovereign powers for tho administration OF
;ai affairs II e one OF the most beautiful features OF
mixed system OF government; but it is equally
at IN adopting the federal constitution the States abd
ned by express remuneration, all the most important
motions Of national sovereignty and by ono compreben
o sell denying clause gave up all right TO conravcne
DO constitution Of the United States. Specifically, and
y enumeration, they renowned oil the most i'm.
ortant peroaatve OF Independent States for peace
or war, the right to keep troops ships OF
Of peace or TO engage in unless actually invaded
inter- into compact with another State foreign Power
npors without tho consent Congress- to enter INTO any
eaty, alliance considerations TO grant letters
Rud ropEsal TO emil bills OF credit: while
these and many ohers expressly vested In the
gnneral governnen To ascrbe TO political communities
thus limited in their jursdicton-who cannot
taolish post otce on their so-tho character of
independent sovereignty and 10 reduce national organi-
laon clothed with all the lranscendept Of 60
ysrnnent t. Tho pame and condition of an "agency" OF
the Sor proves nothing but that the logic Of
10 on a par with ts loyalty and patriotism.
o, butttho reserved rights 70 And what OF the re-
-yed rightsf The tenth amendment OF the constitution
posed to provide for reserved rights" is constantly
quoted By that amendment, "the powers no. dele
arc reserved TO the States respectively to tho
plc' Tho "powers" reserved must Of course be such
could have been bat delegated TO the States
oqd pave been but we're not prohibited TO the States;
al TO speak OF tho right OF an individual State secede
a power that could have been though 1t vas not dele.
ted IL the United States lie simple nonsense.
Bat waviDg this obvious absurdy, can /. need a
rlous argument 10 prove that there be
alo right 70 enter into q now confederation re-
yoa under constitution which expressly pro.
,ts state ITO ener into any treaty, alliance
eraton," or any agreement or compact with
er state foreign Powerf'' To cay tha, tho
acquire the right TO do the prohibited things; to
or instance, that though tho States in forming tho
tntion, delegated TO the United States and pro-
10 themselves the power of declaring war, there
implication reserved 70 each state the right OF
prohibited to the States and delegated to tho
states the cntrc treaty making power, they
1ed, to tho individual states-to Florida, for in.
the righ. to secede and then to make treaty
rns to foreign Fower the he Gu9 OF
70 maintain propositions ko theie, with what
leeted scrousneos it is done, appears to me egre
me- h ny sds ssss s $ssS ssS ssss sP sss Egisss s
n rebellion 70 your doors the terrible and clio.
ays Of July. and which have brought upon the
land tie scourge OF An aggressive and wicked war
sS 'a sSS wsaps o s cSsa4S
complete destruction Of tho military power Of tho
nave, on oshcr occasions. attempted 10 show
iold to bis demands and acknowledge his inde.
thus resolvn tho Union at once into two hos.
tnments with certainty of further dsntegra.
o
unlry as member Of tie family OF nations. afford
ous and hum.liating intcrfcrsnce in our afYars,
rom the Middle and Western States OF their
ps Of internal communication. deprive tho com.
md navigation Of tho country Of two. thirds Of
Hst and Of tho fortresses which protect II;
80. but would enable each individual State
m With a white population equal 10 q good
ern county or rathor the dominant party in
Ito ccde i:s territory, Its harbors, its fort
o that the people Of the loyal States, that
millions Of bravo and prosperous fre men,
tensliut,on Of briof truco In eternal Dor.
80 e - nlaaooa nasonal suicide
tate them. They roQG.fe u. 10. - ~
IS havo named, not only TO cede to them--G for.
Id hostile Powor--all the territory OF the United
al present occupied by the rebel toIoes s, but tho
r gasoI Maryland q 1I par, q 4, Eastern yG
s1Ssn s"aas a"D and tis s''h afssi pogcn q MIsss
"a Jouisiana, In most OF which, VIVID ,pe ex.
Of lawlcss guerillas, thcro is not q Yebcl IA i
ali Of which the great majority Of the poo
loyal to the Union. We must give back 100,
%css colorcd population, thousands of whom afe
their lives In the ranks Of our armies, 10 bond
Tered ten lold more bitter by the momentary en-
southern @Es' or binef snulsaU who e'h his
nns., or spoken a word for the restoration OF
Yh, % x reign Of terror as remorseess as that OF
srro which boon the chief insIru ment by
10 rebellion has been organized and sustained,
already alled the prisons OF the south with noble
Iiul Of such men do not believe there has
Jay since the election Of President Lincoln when,
nance OF secession could have been fairly sub
70 the mass or the people IN any single Southern
majority of ballots would have been even in its
ori,y Sf Go people even o. ,iat state, II permit
,hout fear or favor, to give ballot 90 the cues.
k,oad have abandoned leader lie Petigru and all
,inores o. the Ga3sjcns, tho Rutledges and tho
ror,a Pnckneys o. the Revolutionary and constiIu
ge, to follow lbe agtators Of tho present day.
nns. We be deferred from the vigorous prosecution
NJ by tho suggestion continually thrown cut by
and those wno sympathizo with thoin that,
ii might have been at al earlier stage, theTo mas
udcrcd by the operations of the war a state Of
'on and bitterness which, independent OF al
q 20 The original natuTo Of the matter 10 oontro-
will oiever prevent tho restoration OF the Union
ne return of harmony between the Two great sec.
" tte country. This opinion take to be enIirey
lut foua adaton.
man can dsplore more than do the mserie1
ery kipd unsvoidaby incident 70 war Who
etapd 90 this spot and call 10 mind the scenes
Is,, "a and sd Of July with any other ieciingf
break GU. between North and South has
mo through iiic, aad led me perhaps too
tread IN the path OF hopeless compromise
Ind endcayor 70 ooncIate those who were pre-
od not 10 be ooncilated. But Il Ia net true. as
"a by the rebels and their sympathizera, that
sbeen carried on by the United States without
sgard % those temperaments which are enjoiued
aw Of nations. by our modern civiza' on, and
Sytb. spirit ~ Christianity. II would be quito easy to
point ont In the military history OF the leading
European Powers acts OF violoucc and cruelty, IN tho
prosecution OF thor to which parallel can be
found among In fact, when consider tbcpecular
with which civil wars are almost invariably
waged may justly boast or the manner ia which the
Uuited states have carried on tho contest lt s of
course impossible 10 rrescnt the lawlcss acs o.
straggcfs and descTtc,s, or the occasional unWnr.
tsntable proceedings q subOrdiuatos distant
statous bat do not believe there s, IN all history
The record OF a civil OF such gigantic dmen'
ssrs where little has done iu the spirit of vim
dctvencss as in this war b. the government AMI com.
usanders h United states and this notwlthsiand ng
tho provocation given by tho rebel government by
,uming responsibility OF wrctchcs Ike Quautrel,
furng quarter 10 colored roos and scourgi1s and sell
pg into slavery col1red from the North, who
fall into their hands, covering the sea With pirates and
starving ~ slners OF war u dcgIh