Delaware State journal and statesman., 1863-11-03

/ should have been uniformly managed in times
Of such danger as in all cases to have secured
the best possible results but this l can 4ay, for
/ the President of the United States, as well as
hose associated with him in conducting the af-
fairs Of the Government, that they have sincere
! ly and honestly endeayored TO give effect to the
peoples will by restoring the threatened life Of
| the Republic.
Your Governor has been pleased to refer to my
own services. l sincerely wish that could feel
that they were entitled 10 any part Of the eulo-
gium pronounced upon them; but | must say
that all have done has been to try to interpret
the American heart, aud do just what the Ame-
rican mind would demand ut my hands At the
outset of this struggle the great leader Tor fol-
lower, whichever you pease) Of public opinion
In Europe, the London Times said that Dir Chase
would very soon iiud himself in want of money
and would 60 to England 10 borrow, and then
England would not let him have any, and then
Wv would see what would become of our yaunted
Republic What would you have had me do
under the circumstances You would have
done precisely what did. said, " will not
go to England for money, hut she shall come to
us, and if the Tines Waiis for Mr. Chase to
come to England 10 borrow money, it will wait
until the green isle Of England is sunk into the
depths of the sea- Cheers. That is just what
you would have said
Well, what was next to be doney borrowed
all the gold there was in the country. In this
way | obtained about one hundred aud seventy
five millions of dollars in gold, and it didn't come
back quite as fast as it went /; and so the banks
and the capitalists who had furnished the gold
began to say to me, We cannot supply you
with specie any longor unless you will agree to
pay US such prices for It as will enable US TO buy
in Europe to replace it," This would not do
and the next question they asked me was, "Will
you take the paper OF our banks and pay us six
per cent intereston it, and then pay it to the SOL
diers in place of gold, and by and by perhaps
something will happen, we don't know whatr'-
This was the question that then met me. Now,
h.s would you have had me dof You would
have said to me, " Here am l, Mr.. Smith, a
farmer, and here am l, Mr.. Jones, mechanic,
and here am l, Mr.. Robinson, q merchant; take
us instead Of stock, base the currency of the
country on us 60 to work and make green
backs knew that was what you would have
advised me to do, and therefore, as my business
was only TO interpret your will, went 10 work
and made "greenbacks," and good many Of
them at that had some handsome pictures
put upon them too, aud as like to get pretty
near TO the people, and as the engravers thought
me rather good looking, told them they might
put me on the end of the one dollar bills
Laughter.
We'll, at first. great many people thought this
was II bold and hazardous experiment. and % good
many OF the banks said it was sure to fail ; on
the other hand, however, number of banks, TO
their honor be it recorded, said, ''you are right;
60 ahead" A great many disoyal men thought
they would be able 10 break us down. Some
banks and persons refused to take the currency.
Wha, was to be done next You would have told
me to do exactly what did do. You would
have said, " II any bank is unwilling to take
this money, it shall take it or get nothing at al
So we made it II legal tender, not quite 20 tender
rs they desired, but still legally so. Laughter
So the thing went On, snd after a while we agreed
that we would issue bonds, and if the people
wished to invest in them they could do it and we
would nay the interest in gold. That males this
currency sound, 1t is simply the love aul graf
tude Of the people toward their Government put
into the form Of money But here Smother step
was necessary II necessary to have some
means by which the national currency could be
! perpetuated, nnd 81 we devised and carried out
the national bankiug ys,cm.
This is n brief account ui what We huge done.
ltis a very simple thing 1t does not require any
| great wit to work it cut. 1t requires only this
! Ian honest purpose do what ia best aud right
| to he done and whtueyer you seek to do that
/ without faar or favor you will almost always
find the right path. and then having found it you
have only to ask God to give You the necessary
courage to carry it out 1t is common sense and
courage that is all. It is the correct iuterpre-
tation Of the popular will and then doing that
will.
Now, have given you just about as much Of
report upon the finance as expect 10 give to
Congress But before / sit down let me say
word about what seems to me likely to he the is
sues Of this war.
If ever there was any event in the history Of
the world which was distinctly marked b. the
tokens of Divine Providence, it is this var
There had grown up in this country az iusIitu-
| tion which served as the basis u un aristoerasy
hostile to free labor, and to all those interests
which you here most cherish. 1t is an ars;ocra.
cy that pressed with equal weight upon the poor
white man of the South and the slave, who was
driven like the brute to his daily toll. The ar
| istocracy had seized upon the National Govern
ment and was making it just what they pleased
| for the purpose of working their will. They
were trying to extend the slave territory of the
country, and to reopen the slave trade, that
they might make fresh fwporations Of slaves
from Africa at pleasure. They secuted the very
idea of free institutions, and had TO organized
themselves that they preferred to overthrow and
ruin the Government rather than to submit to
having the republic governed by the people. In
1860 the people determined that they would gov
ern this republic themselves. Mr. Lincoln was
elected President. They still had Congress and
the Supreme Court, but they were not content
with this. They we're not willing that the power
/ snOulu puss Out OF tneW luuus INTO tNe nuuut Oh
the representatives of the people; ard so they
undertook to break up the republic, in the insane
hope that they could make a new republic found
ed on the slavery of men They expected that
New York would join them in breaking up the
Union. They boAsted that Indiana was going to
join them, and Illinois also. They sad that all
the Northwestern States would come in rather
than have the Mississippi river closed.
Thus they hoped to be able to found mighty
slave empire; but when they began their play
by firing upon Fort Sumter, this nation flew to
arms. Was not Gods hand iu that? think it
was. After that you all remember how forbear-
ing the President WAS, and how forbearng every
body was. used TO be very impatient some
times, and wanted this military thing done and
that military thing DONE and the rebellion crush.
ed out at once. But some how or other, in the
providence Of God, the thing worked along slow
ly, and it was only when we had made up our
minds that slavery was at the root Of this rebel
lion, and that it must be got Out Of the way thai
any very distinguished success followed our arms
Now, what u remarkable change has taken
place All over the country to-day slavery is
recognised as the great cause and prop Of the
rebellion. 1t is recognised as such in every reb
ell State just as much as it is in every free STATE
IN the Union. II is understood and proclaimed
by the rebels ia the south distinctly as il i,
by the loyal men o. the South They distinctly
understand they aIa fighting for slave empire
and that we are fighting for the right Of the peu
pie to govern themselves. Now see the wonder
fu changes that have occurred il public opinioI
upon this subject.
) Go with nc to Miss uri. Turee or foui