, 1863-01-31

Swerts Of I1linois-8losy they
can be Mudc.
Editors Chicago Tribunc:.
II Is a we'll known fact that agriculture in
the fertile West, especially during the last
five or six years, has expanded itself in an
astonishing degree, and as its products arc
principally exported to the Atlantic harbors
by way Of Chicago, a person can very easily
satisfy himself Of this fact by pcr,sal of the
!" Annual Report of tho Chicago Board Of
Trade" But as the means Of Transportation
to the sca-board have not kept pace with this
expansion, the consequences hare been enor-
nous rates for transportation, and often
tedious and slow conveyance.
The faItner eontc1nplates the future with
anxious forcbodfDgs and eagerly awnits the
tho time when somewhat Of equality and fair
ness shall be introduced into these things. lie
feels convinced, howcy er, that the future will
remove this great evil By furnishing ample and
cheap means Of conveyance, and that lie will
bor and capital he Is daily c2pcnding upon the
products Of his firm.
Under circumstances like these, 1t ought to
be the duty Of every one who interests liul-
self for the material welfare ard prosperity Of
the country in general, and for agri-
draw tho attention Of the farmer to
the cultivation Of such plants and vegetables
as are adapted to manufacturing purposes,
and at the same time are suited to the soil
and the climate, and which can with adyan-
tage take their place In that rotation which is
necessary In every rational system Of hus-
bandry. The plants that arc thus adopted to
manufacturing purposes, are the white or
sugar beet, hemp and fax. Both the soil and
the climate Of Northern Illinois arc excel
lcntly adapted to the production Of these
kinds Of plants, and they afford hero rich
remuneration.
AS the manufacture Of sugar from whiic
bects is comparatively but little known on
tllis side Of the Atlantic, short sketch Of It's
history will here be given.
: Tic preparation Of sugar from hccts is Of
German origin, aud dates back little over 4
was published by 4. L. Morggraf, the director
Of the royal apathvcary at Berlin, very able
and skillful chemist for his time. Frederick
the Great, who III many respects showed hfn1-
self friend and promoter Of agriculture, docs
not appear, however, to hare manffestcdImucl,
interest for Morggrof's plan, md the project
was not again heard Of until about fifty years
uticr, when another Prussian, named F, C,
Achnrd. again brought the subject to
the attention Of tho. public. This gen
tleman published, in the year 800.
and alcohol ftpm white beets, and tic subject
having fortunately secured the attention ofthc
then rejgning King, he presented Achard with
the estate Of Kuncrn, near Brcslan, for the
purpose Of enabling him to institute the nee.
eesary experiments and at the same time to
] found School for instruction in this branch
Of agricultural economy,
As the apparatus, however, which were ut the
time used in obtaining from the syrup the
.s.; ;cta.,ztu e1s..-, Wero Of 60 imperfect
and defective construction, that q per centage
Of only two OF three per cent. Of sugar could
be extracted, the manufacture somcwnat de-!
nWay.
Nevertheless, sugar manufactures con.
many, and IN 1909, an establishment Of this
kind at Augsburg, produced 1000 pounds Of
sngar
Owing to the troubles originating from the
wars Of Napoleon, the price Of sugar in France
increased in an enormous degree. and is evcn
and: as Napoleon at this time also offered n
prize Of ,O00, ,0co francs to any one that should
discover satisfactory method Of preparing
sngar from an indigenous plant, the produc.
tfou 0fengnr was extended into France, and
wc find there in 1910, 200 SUGAR manufactures,
which together furnished 1900, 600 pounds
fsugar.
During the various Governments that con-
trollcd France, the production Of sugar WAS
sometimes protected bya tariff. and some
times taxed, the latter amounting in 184o to
thrco cents per lb. In tho year 1888 there
factories; in 1855, s1o, ana in 1887 no less than
5a2 FuEar manufacturing establishments
throughout the kingdom, the total production
being ninety million pounds Of sugar, about
nc-shird part Of the amount at that time
consumed by tho French people. ::.,.
The more experience TINT has been obtained
in the manufacture Of beet sugar, the more
conclusive has the conviction. become that
large establishments are proportfonally more
remuncratlyc than small ones. Thus We
find that at the cud Of May, 1851, there, wc7c