The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1863-11-05
THE CROP OF 1865.

THE CkkOR OF 1868.
We are indebted to the Commissioner of
Agriculture, Hon. Isaac Newton, for copies of
his monthly reports of the condition of the
crops for August and September, 1868. We
quote the general summing up, as matter Of
interest to everybody. These general results
are arrived at from the actual returns made
to the Agricultural Bureau, and are therefore
reliable:
Wheat.-This report gives the final returns
of all summer crops and the view presented
is highly favorable Although the wheat
crop was injured in Michigan Mrte-tsntts, or
80 per cent; in Maine, New Hampshire, Yer
mont and Minnesota ts0O-tenthS; in Ohio and
Illinois one and third tentAS; and in New
York, Kentucky, Maryland, Wisconsin and
Iowa o7.e-tenth, yet the aggregate crop Of 1868
is greater than that of 1862. In 1862 it was
189, 993, 900 bushels, and in 1868, 191, 068,
2S9 bushels, being an increase of 1,074,739
bushels.
Rye-The injuries to this crop are not
great, being in Connecticut, Maryland, Ohio,
Iowa and Minnesota one-tenth, and in other
States less There is a small decrease in this
CROP The yield in 1862 was 21,254, $50
bushels and in 1868, 20,798, 287 bushels;
decrease, 456, $50 bushels.
BarLey-There is not much difference in
the crop of barley between this and last year.
1t has been injured more than the Rye crop,
and hence the decrease is greater. 1t was in
iured tp0-tenths in New Hampshire, and one
tenth in Maine, Massachusetts, Rhode Island,
Pennsylvania, Ohio Michigan and Minnesota.
The crop of 1862 was II, 781, 464 bushels, and
in 1868, 1870, 597 bushes-a decrease of
| /, 020, 1867 bushels.
Oats.-This crop is injured two-tenttS in
Pennsylvania, Maryland and Minnesota, and
one-tsnth in Maine, New Hampshire Vermont,
Connecticut, New York, Kentucky, Michigan
Indiana, Illinois, Missouri and Iowa. one and
a half tentbS in Massachusetts and Ohio, and
one and q quarter tenths i'll New Jersey. But,
with all this injury, it is greater crop than
last year, which was so much injured by the
rust in the Western States, The crop of 1862
was 172, $40, 997 bushels, and Of 1859, TIA,
858, 1877 bushels-an increase Of 1887, 10
bushels
i misunderstanding to the census of 1850
the whole number of bushels of haxseed In
the United States was but $50 bushels, Of
which $50, 400 was raised in the loyal States.
The increase of last year was greatly over
this amount, but we have no means of max
ling reliable estimate of it. Assuming that
1.-THE increase of 1862 over 1869 was 80 per
lcent the crop of last year would have been
l825, 694 bushels. The general average in
Grease according to the tables of this month is
four tenthS or 40 per cent, which would make
1.-THE crop of this year l, 155, 956 bushels. The
basis of the crop for the estimate Of 1862 is
too vague to render calculations for each State
necessary, but the States growing flax most
largely in 1859 show a heavy per cent In
crease in 1868,
Hau-It was supposed that the drought
in the west and the rains i'll the east at the
time of the hay harvest would materially
and injuriously affect the crop of hay, But
it's quality in the west is represented as excel
lent, and the damage in the east is much less
than anticipated. The crop of this year is
about twenty millions of tons, and about one
a half million less than last year.
/ Corn-The frosts of August and Septem-
Der have been very fatal to this national CROP
of our country In the western States, where
it is nearly all grown, the drought of spring
was severe generally, and continued in many
localities nearly to the first of August. The
corn crop was, consequently, kept back, and
the later planted was but recovering from
this drought when the frosts of August 28
29 and 30 destroyed it in low places where il
was not protected by fogs, and all Of it was
arrested from ripening by the continued colo
weather, until the more general and far more
fatal frost of September Is completely stop
ped all further growth.
The inquiries addressed to the correspon-
dents of this department sought to reveal the
extent of the damage, and the means adopted
by the farmers to save the injured corn. The
replies have been carefully examined, as wei
as an extensive correspondence accompanying
the circulars. The newspaper accounts have
not been overlooked, and all go to sustain
the result exhibited i'll the table.
The corn crop of 1862 was
estimated at ....... $50, 704, Ala bus,
That of 1868 at. ....... .449, L 3, 1914 bus.
Decrease .............1 37, $40, $50 bus,
What Is the UaLue Of The injured corn il
an inquiry that has been made in the October
cirular. But the general statements Of oul
correspondents show that whether cut up o.
: left standing, the ear did not continue to fill
but dried up. Fortunately the weather was
generally favorable in its dryness, as will b.
seen from the tables showing the weeks O
favorable dry or very dry, wet or very we
weather In localities where the weather
was wet, the cut up corn moulded and the
ear rotted.
The corn plant continues its flow of sap, un
diminished until about the first of October
when the grain is well filled with starch anC
becomes glazed. If the ear is pulled or the
stalk broken off whilst in the roast-ear state
it shrivels to such degree as to be almost
worthless. The further it is advanced wheI
broken off the greater it's value but the com
mon corn of the country demands that con
tinued flow of the sap until the close of Sep
TENDER. The effect of the frost was to sto[
that flow. The farmers commenced early tC
feed their frosted corn to hogs and cattle, but
the general opinion is that it will avail but
little for fattening purposes. Should this
opinion be correct the fattening must be done
with sounder corn. The high price for corn
during the summer has, probably, lessened
the amount of old corn on the farms.
BucEGheGt-ln the winter months this
crop is generally consumed as luxury and 8
necessity, 30 that its loss would be lamented
Everywhere. The accounts of the destruc-
Itiveness Of the frost represented it as an al
most entire failure, but our tables, which we
regard as Unerring in their general results,
fortunately give abundant encouragement.
The crop of 1862 was 1922 1895 bushels,
that of 1868, II, 1913, 1872, decrease of 1929,
1852 bushels. The tables show the reason of
this small decrease in presence of such de-
structive frosts. The eastern States raise q
greater proportional part of this crop. New
York, New Jersey aod Pennsylvania alone
produced II, 941, $40 bushels this year. In
these States the frosts were but little nurious
for they were, most emphatically, Mississippi
valley frosts. Illinois alone lost So, 242, 454
bushels Of corn by them; but that State pro-
duces over 80 per cent of the entire country,
and as much as all the eastern and middle
States together, with fifty millions of bushels
of an overplus.
POtatOes.-New York and Pennsylvania are