New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1863-12-14
COBDEN-LINCOLN-DAY1S.

4 friend OF our country ana heF INSTITUTIONS
cotton.spinner and intense Free-Tradcr, ho
has been more in sympathy with the South IMAM
with the North in our past political contests,
though never champion nor apologst OF
Slavery. Largely interested in American Rail
roads, and repeatedly al honorcd visitor at
Washington and an oh5cryant Traveller from the
Hudson 10 the Mississippi and from Canada to
Virginia. there are very few Europeans who
have watched our Civil War more closely or
studied H. causes more thoughtiully than he;
and whom in his late address TO his constituents
1T Rochdale, he sums j, up ~ AN aTisiocratc
struggle against a democratic Government, he
,erscly states a truth which History will clearly
establish.
II is in the light of this truth that President
Lncolns leading measures of hostility to TIE
Rebellion must be judged A naughty and
powerful aristocracy, dominant over more than
half the broad area Of our inhabited country,
and WELDING immense Influence throughout the
other half, undertakes 10 divide and subvcrt
the American Union. believing that il can gov
EN- Il, segment more to its own mind and ad-
vantage if feed from all connection with tho
other half, whose institutions, both social and
political. are essentially republican. And in
this enterprise il has the more or le's open sym
patty of every lover either of Despoiism or
/ Slavery throu glout the civilized world.
THIS aristocracy Is martial in it, training anu
asp,lations. It. SONS have pistols in their hands
al twelve yeors Of age, and niles oyeI lhen
shoulders AZ fifteen. Dueling. Sfeci.hehis,
and personal diihcultics.' are the condiments,
the sanee pigraHt, Of is cycry-day life. Ac-
coriing to is social code. an insult or wrong
must Nc wa.heJ ou, in blood. million and a
half of people Counting five persons to 'amiiy)
are members Of this ar.s.Oc!acy; While H. INTEL
lectual parasfcs-lawycrr, doctors, priests,
merchants. &c.-may add hall million 20 the
number Here are Two Millions Of People who
formed the ruling caste in twelve or hiicen
States of the Union, sometimes al variance on
/ questions from time to time arising, bat pracii-
ca,lya unit whenever Their caste interest or
honor or prestige is At stake. BY this caste, The
Press, the Pulpit The Bar, Of The Slave States Is
absolutely controlled, and all inculca'ions od-
verse 70 ia ends are peremptory reprcssed.
I This caste has conspred against and made war
on the Union: being able from lis own strength
to take The field with an army (or aEmies) Of
I two hundred thousand men.
But below il il substratum Of Poor
Whites" and non-slayeholding iarmers-the
! latter most abundant in the mountain districts
and Ohio slope Of Virginia, in all but few of
the most fertile and wealthy counties Of Ken
lucky, in two-thirds Of Missouri, in East Ten
nessee, in western (mouniainous) North Carroll
M. and throughout The largerportion Of Arkan-
.as and Texas Many Of this class are indcpon-
dent and tolcrably intelligent, having been con-
sideraby recruited from the Free State but
they have rarely been allowed 10 read or hear
anything but what the slayeholdng caste
deemed safe aud wholesome. They lacked uni
", mutual understanding, and espra dn oorP';
but the mass Of them did not lack comprehcr
SION that the social and political regims Of their
section was shaped to subserve, at their expense,
the interests and promote the ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF
the slayeholding caste. The m6fc benighted
and stolid among them had, however been
skillfully manipulated and trained TO hate and
abuse "niggcra' as somehow the OCCASION, If
no, precisely thecause, of their kcenly felt deg
radiation.
The ." Poor Whitcs"-that is the lower grade
Of White satellites Of the planting caste-qutc
generally imbibed and intensified this hostility
TO "niggers." Living in rude shanties and
log huts on'thc outskirts Of this or Chat planta-
tion--dlc, illiteratc, destitute hopeless, aim
less-honored, occasionally, with the privilege
Of following the great mans dogs in their hunt
for a runaway slaye-they were at first the ready
and iacile instruments Of The masters will. But
they must be dull scholars indeed if the mcrcess
CONSUMPTION, the cries Of their hungry children,
the spectacle of bloodhounds chasing white men
TO fiji the ranks Of the Shareholder regiments,
instead Of blacks to ill for nothing their cotton
Gelds-had not somewhat " skinned their eyes"
during the last two terrible years.
Still below this wrctcbed caste in rank, though
not in intelligence or capacity, IL that OF the
slayes-TOur Millions strOhB-ihutc, hDJcct,
quiesccnt, hcpless-but with senses qulckcncd
by long years Of suffering, wherein every CON
cciyable insult and degradation have been heapcd
upon every possible wrong. These have eagerly
heard, even when they seemed needless and
hopclessly stupid, the discussions over their
masters table and by his evening iireslde as to
the Rebellion and Civil War those masters
were plotting and preparing, and have rldoly