The New York herald., 1863-12-10
OUR INTERNAL CONDITION.
Annual Report Of the Secretary
OF the Interior.
DGr.NrNENr or TUE lNrEsos, I

NAsnRGroS Tee ), lsts- I
On have tho honor 70 iutorm yoa tsst manuscript
,coes - the several reports ard accompanying dceu
an ,ou he bureau spd oCher bord:aaie oficers Of
,- tsS the current year, whxh hss hitber
A. .,, customary to coma ste houses of
Coor,,s with the annual Aessnge, slve been placed 70
,h ards oi Ihe superruse of Sae Pubs1 ProWue
r. to,deuce The requirements cf the loi"S resolution
"a, expedite che prlatngef the President Message and
accompanying dOcuEncnte' approved the Sd of March,
SEA
For Information sn aao.ail 10 tae opcaonsor tho
,,ulo laHj systeo1 ro'ereuce ts made and attention
specay invited tho comprehensive and able report Il
,.le Commissioner as General Land 0tlce. win be
seen from II the queatty of land disposed of during
the last fiscal year 1oscash, by the location OF bounty
land warrants, ssgamp and overaoSed hnd for rail
read rurposca, aRd raier the homestead law,
2e6e acIes against 1877 922 acces disposed OF
during the prev sous sc year, and durng theret quar-
Ger present 6e year STA $50 acres, making the
entire quantity DISPOSED OF during the period named
s.s4l $40 acres The increase chiefly the
ooeration Of tho Homestead law under which a.one
taken up since the lst Of January,
1853, when II took effect.
The revenue derived from The sale OF the public lands
during the last fiscal amounted to 1886 OFT, being
OF sl 029 tine previous fiscal year DURING
he quarter endug Goth September last the sales amoun.
sd 10 900 o9O which SIT COZ more than realized
Giuring the quarter eEdug september 80, lSGL Ihe
spid observable the sles o. the puSio
saBds affords additional CT the entire confidence
@ the neope IN the stability Of the government and that
abe industrial resources the ns;,on have not been
scraly diminished Notwithstanding the immense armies
" has placed the field
40 subject committed to the management Of this
department Is of greater mIont nee. than that O.
tho runic lands, nor has any been more prohhc
OF legislation. Congress-, at an early period, recog
nzed the expediency and Importance OF the speedy
settlement of he public domain OF q liberal policy
vardethe actual settler The prudence and wisdom oe
the system thus early inaugated and whch has finally
enlmilated enactment of the Homestead law,
aested by the vast extent Of fertile country which has
been reclaimed and formed into now populous and
nourishng States, which contribute of the an erabun
dance OF tner agricultural and mineral predictions TO the
necessteso Of the earlier settled portions of te country
The progress being nadein the gigantic experiment of
. railway unite Still more;closey the States on the
Atlantic to those the Pacific viii attract settle
ehts aong entire route, and the Commissioner OF the
appreciation Of the department slightly increased the
usual surveying estimates, order the exigenees
which will thus be created.
In order TO obtain the benefits OF the May ~
1892, Ito homesteads to actual settlers on the
70 performed be'ore the register or receiver
district land In which the settlement is posed TO De
the law thought operate invioousy per
Dons who are engaged in the military and naval service
specGuy suggested that law might with propr ety
b 20 far modified TO permit the wife other proper
representative OF person 50 employed in the public
vice take requisite preliminary steps legal
inception OF his claim also concur in the opinion
~
sxpedeni and proper require persons claiming the
benefits of this law to the full commissions Of the
q deerrug the payment Of baf thereof the
she nna ssue OF the certificate at the end Of ye years.
TAX REcoMMsspsD ON M'slNG PROFITS
wealth OF portions OF the public domain the nation
prosperity and could well ord throw open her rich
mines OF the precious metals 10 the unest cted eter
sr the preservation national existence
Pied expense as In magnitude the question whether
prise, longer exempt ,hs immense source Of Individual
revenae from its equitable share OF the public bur
profits Of the gold OF the United States would
largely Increase the mems Of the Treasury; and as no
1000 rea on seems TO exist why the nation should not In
We hour Of need. derive direct
tensive fields Of gold and silver mines earnest,
Ne consideration OF the subject with view TO that end
RlsERv
lBView OF the disturbing that existed,
could reasonably be expected The experi,ncc Of the
past few years, however, clearly demonstrates the ne.
sssity OF Important changes in the policy hitherto pur
While the regions OF country occupied by tho Indians
remained unnhabied by tho whites the pn OF setting
apart reservations for different bands OF the
same tribe or for small tribes possessing similar hahts
and Gust oms and privileged 20 roam common hunt
Ing grounds quest OF the Of subsistence, in
Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota Kansas and Nebraska,
seemed and 10 promist but the country
becomes settled, their dependet ce game and the
spontaneous productions Of the earth become more aud
more precarious while The necessity for their keeping
within the limits Of their reservations iDcre SOS.
The Indians thus Ie without their toned
resources and 10 the midst Of population with whose
customs and arts Of life they are wholly unfamiliar. hey
consequently become discouraged, and, looking soey to
Bher scaDty annuiti6s from the government TO beg
ging and pering for the OF hfe fall easy
prey 70 Inc sharpers and whskey traders who gtbar
around their reservations for the purpose ~
their moneys. The smaller the reservation the greater
are the iacriies Tor the exercre OF this pernicous 10
nueuce and hence the necessity OF concentrating
tered bands and the smaller tribes Of similar basp an
and their location upon the portions Of tho
public domain They will become unless they
ao1ure the arts of cyiizod lfe and TO this end II " ia
0tGpensablV DeyOud
any influence save that Of their agents, teachers aud
Assistants The vast emigration 10 the newly dis
covered gold be ng ego u the interior mas bro ght
us Into immediate contact with large and powerful
tribes with whom no ro tics other than those of amttv
have yet been negotiated. and all ges which the
department can possibly exert in that direction will
scarcely be adequate TO the pressing demands that Will be
made upon during the years by cxigenc
OF the Indian service IN those regions Immediate steps
shoud DO taken to prevent COLLISION between them aud
our own people, to provide suitable locations for the
indians, and to induce them TO settle upon them and
engage The cultivation of the soil and the rearing o(
domestic animals, and IN the tmo fuInisb them
ssch supplies as may be absolutely necessary to prevent
Starvation. The number Indians under the direct
supervision OF the department thus rapidly heconin
hfgor than at any former Ieriod and the wisdom OF
anticipating this increased demand upon
corresponding increase Ia the appropriations foe
Indian service, whether TO be guided by tho
manifest TO ali
Particular atteut also invited to the ondon OF
Indian Affairs In California That state has hi erio been
divided into two districsthe northern and the south
Mn-e,ch under the charge OF supeIintendus agent
There Is no good reason for ctnnuug tn arrangement
and on the score OF economy alone ought to abolish
cd and our Indian relations throughout the State placed
under the control OF n single superintendent
The good q the service and the welfare OF
Indians also imperatiyely demand the establishment
Two reservations In the northern part OF the Satone
near the coast and the other IN the utororo cicnt
extent for the accommodation Of all the indians what
now designated the Northern district and NJ least
one suitable reservation for those Ia the southern portion
o. tne state The necessity these
tons arises from the great disBmiarity that exists
ue hap am euSloms of the several tribes for whom
The hostility Of tho tribes " the Apaehes and
Navaoes. manly located IN New Mexico and Art 2ona IL
such mat Tor the present Their infringement must be left
chiefly 20 the military brauCh the goyernen,. h,t
measures should be promptly taken tor the
OF suitable reservations for the Ind ans in u,oe
Territories and for those hostility TO the Vnuer
States whenever they shall have been properly subdned
The unfortunate result Of the cort sprng h
return the refugee Chorokeos TO their homes
added u the number Of refugees and greatly
she expense u their subsistence This together th
advance the prices Of clothing and provisions has 4
augmented the expense of poyidiug them 10 cx