The New York herald., 1863-01-04

The Roman Qusstaoa-E1erts - New
Solution.
The statement that the Cardinal Archbishop
Of Paris has been sent TO Rome to explain to
the Pope the Emperor's views In regard to the
concessions necessa ry on the part of the Pont-
Hcal government furnishes another proof Of the
embarrassment and perpiexity which the Ro-
man question causes to Louis Napoleon. EN-
barking as he Is In fresh schemes of aggrandize-
ment which demand his whole energies and
resources, he dare not proceed further with
them without FIRST effecting some compromise
between Plus TX. and his subjects. For him
Italy is pregnant with menace and danger She
is now, as she has almost always been, the key
to the political troubles and difficulties of Eu
rope.
In her decadence, as in the zenith Of her
power, Italy has, In fact, always exercised o
marked influence over the affairs of the world.
From the time when, under the republic and
empire. her conquests extended far and wide,
down to the revolutions which in our own days
have nearly resulted in restoring to her an undi-
vided nationality, she has contrived TO maintain
wonderful ascendency over mems minds
When, through her follies and corruptions, she
lost the political strength that she had 80 long
enjoyed, she did not the less continue to occupy
their attention and fears. In the catacombs,
within the enceinte which had been dishonored
by the crimes and orgies of her emperors, there
grew up power unknown, irresistible and ap-
parently superhuman, which soon transoended
that which had passed away. To the effect
which it had in contributing to the progress 0
civilization, until in turn it became enfeebled
by the degeneracy and profigacy Of the success
sors of the first heads of the church, history will
bear attestation. Even then the influence Of
the Italian mind continued to manifest itself
through its acts and literature; and now, when
the temporal sovereignty Of the church seems
almost at its last extremity, and when the re-
viving political influence of Italy as . nation
appears to have received . check, the great
Powers Of Europe are compelled to pay homage
to both-the one through its fears, and the
others through their interests.
Thus we see that, while England favors the
full realization of the scheme of Italian unity as
a counterpoise to the overshadowing influence Of
France on the European continent, the latter is
eager to defeat it, from the same motives that
render her SO anxious to break up our own in
stitutions. Italy not only ~mbarrasses her at
home, but hampers her abroad. She cannot
push forward her designs against Mexico and
this country unless she can have some security
that the Roman question will not open fire in
her rear. England is desirous to see it settled
in another manner than that proposed by
France, because it would assure her the support
of Italy, and enable her to prosecute the
schemes in tho Mediterranean: Russia is anxious
that the question shalt ss left in stotu quo, be-
cause 1t occupies her rivals in.watching each
Others movements, and leaves her free to carry
out those projects in regard to China for which
she has been making such extensive prepara-
tions. In the present condition of our own af.
fairs it is, perhaps as well that matters in Italy
should remain unchanged The longer things
continue complicated in that quarter the longer
Louis Napoleon will hesitate to consummate
the bold step which he has in contemplation
an alliance with JED. Davis and an armed inter
vention on this continent. We rely good deal
on the well known obstinacy Of the Pope. Un-
less we are mistaken in his character, it will
prove far greater stumbling block to the
French Emperoris plans than did the firmness
Of his predecessor, Plus VII, to those of his
uncle.