The New York herald., 1863-04-23

government ali OF which Concentrate at g. Petersburg.
through Warsaw and Ithuania rhree of these lines Of
communication served By railroads One runs iron
Crscow to Warsaw and from Warsaw g. Petersburg.
through Bialystoc, Grodno and Wilma; the other
proceeds from Prussia and connects Berlin to Es-
ling. Dantzic and Kpnigsberg, tho third runs from
K"ngsberg to Wilma, and thence 70 ST. Petersburg The
nrs and principal line Of railroad is that which connects
cracow to Warsaw being section of the great central
railroad xhich extends from Marseesto Paris and from
Paris TO st. Petersburg.
BATTLES BETWEEN THK POLES AND THE RUssiANS
After the retreat OF the insurgents from Warsaw they
met near place called wengrow, protected at It's back
BY the Bialowiez woods, into which they might have
easily fallen back At that time the in
surgent force amounted to two thousand scythemen,
three hundred regulars and cavalry Part OF these
were detached to intercept the approaching Russian col
uns only one Of which arrived at the given
where 1t took up position. Several bodies OF insur-
gents encountered these columns, and, Notwithstanding
their inerority did not hesitate TO fight them. After
several hand 70 band encounters the succeeded
in reaching wengrow, which they stormed. The Poles
withdrew after desperate coAct Of i've lhours leaving
the city in the hands Of their enemies which, according
to Polish accounts, was thoroughly pillaged and do
stroyed.
The next great engagement was at Miechow era.
W" M wAiOh suo nupSiou OVmooOu VI eo~'
hundred men, driven out from church, whore they
had found shelter and compelled leave the pace, not
however, without having set nre to Il before.
Another engagement, In which the Polish insurgents
covered themselves with glory took place at the town Of
wonshock, Radon, north OF Cracow and Miechow.
This engagement was not pitched battle, but series Of
small fights Of marches aud countermarches, In which
the Poes commanded by Langewicz had the advantage
To understand this be borne In mind that the
insurgents forces mainly composed Of civilians,
ed with scythes, without drill discipline, and inca
pabe to resist the shock OF the heavy and well armed
Russian columns, but excellent in guerilla warfare
and in those hand to hand conflicts in which personal
courage gives the advantage discipline and
superiority Of weapons.
The campaign Of wonshock undertaken by langewicz,
the head of men, armed with scyhes and swords,
and 900 rihemen, will remain example Of what
brave men, animated with the love Of independence and
determination TO be free, accomplish. Compelled by
the nferorty Of his force TO recede before the advance
OF the columns Of Russians thrown onward to
crush him at blow, we see the gallant Polish general
running from Kiece to Radon, from Radon to the
vent Of Sventy Krzyz-afterwards burned by the Rus
sians-and from Sventy Krzyz to SIupa. In several of
these marches he had the good fortune to meet and de-
feat columns Of Russians taking from them ten
guns and several stands Of arms.
NOTWITHSTANDING tAeoo Poisni ouCCoSsos tAo NusS az
troops multiplied around him in such large numbers that
where he was again attacked This was on the 18th
Of February Three thousand Russians rushed the al
Of the place. but this time with less than at
wengrow. The Poles made so good a resistance that
they repulsed fhe invaders and put them completely to
flight One hundred and hty remained on the spot. The
place defended porme blanchehat is 10 say with
scythss and swords Those who provided with
muskets could not them the cartridges and powder
having been lost in previous engagement.
This victory could delay but not change the ultimate
result Of dsproportionate struggle. The Russians
had outfanked the Poles the vstu, and we're threat
ening them three sdes-on Zarnowcs Kiece and San
domr. Langewcz conscious Of the danger Of his posi-
tion divided his little army several corps and slipped
through their hands He retraced his steps towards the
NORTH appeared suddenly Kelcs Intercepted party Of
Russians returning from Miechow, threw several Of his
columns towards Czenstochaw, came down south to
Olkuzz, wobrom and Plica charging upon the scattered
columns Of the Russian army capturing munitions Of war
and provisions, and constantly harassing his enemy
and taking prisoners. Having succeeded in making
his junction With Jezorapsk Of bis sutenans, the
Russians drow from Ksce east 70 Checzny (souh
east and Breezy (south) either party consisting on this
occasion Of 900 men As usual Lsngewcz,
firing the shelter OF the hills and the woods fought
part only OF the Russians at time After bloody skr
msh of hours the drawn fight having yielded
decisive result he divided his troops into two bodies,
marching himself towards Chscziny and despatchug
ezoransk in the opposite direction towards Zarnowce
The Russians once again disappointed In their hopes
tired the battle field towards the east apparently
desrous Of placing themselves under the Kelce guns
In February %, Gen. Langewicz was wodzslaw :,
and in the immediate vicinity q the railway line He
had placed himself the very road between Czenso-
chaw and the south-a line on which the troops Of the
enemy passed up and down day after day. Several
skirmsnes occurred In which, usual, there ths
customary voeys Of the Russian Infantry the canister
: shot OF the guns and the amlsss gaiopng about
OF Cosssck riders There the same dread o the
Polish scythes among the Russians and the same eager
ness 10 come close quarters among the Poles. But
the hill cannot 10 the man. neither can the wood to Tho
field.
With the Poles seeking the shelter OF thu
trees and the Russians keeping in the opes
field, the light, passing through the varioul
stages OF . skirmish, prematurely closed OF
either side. The Russians, accordance with their oh
dosyncracy, declined 10 charge the Polish STEEL th
Poles who would be glad enough TO come TO blows, had
natural aversion to -aversng the distance between th
forest and the hostile lines Hence the coutending par
ties withdrew in opposite directions. Langiewiez re
manned unmolested In his camp neer Olkuzz. where b
was made Dictator. The total Of his forces in the tr
angle between Kiece Czensochaw and Cracow was esti
mated at more than twelve thousand men--au arm!
hardly inferior in point Of numbers 10 the Russians op
| posed to him.
THE DEFEAT OF LASaIEwIcz.
Had the Polish Dictator strictly confined himself TO hi
former military tacscs and not changed hts system
guerilla warfare for decisive operations there
not much doubt that he would still be at the presses
moment at the head Of the Polish revolution. But inc
ted BY the love glory peculiar 70 all his countrymsu
thought personal and somewhat turbulent vaor Of h
men match the ron.cad soldiers Of Russia and viii
out waiting for supply Of guns and rifles, Of which b
little army was still lacking, hs left his strong position
the rear Of Olkuzz be Was protected In front
impenetrabls swamps and dedss, for the chateau
Marquis welpolski, on the river Nida. from whence
hoped TO reach Kelce and cut Oh the muncations
| the Russians with Warsaw.
BY this unfortunate be exposed himself to
attacked by the Russian divisions which had collected