The New York herald., 1862-01-12

JANUARY IL, 106
ton prophecy that the fsdsralists win not pay
penny above the ordinary outlay now they VIII not DO
likely to pay it when that outlay much greater they
payment" Of the public creditors; but if they proceed
their present system Of paying 90 very o and bor
"perpstuaI debit win not only be snaturalizedp in
America but reared TO dimensions OF astounding magni
tuds with rapdity utterly unknown in the Old World
The Trent Case-secretary Toucey's Poll
cy Carried Out by Secretary Seward.
from the London Shipping Gazette, Dec %.
Whatever may be the effect upon the Cabinet OF WASH
ngton Of the demands which Lord Lyons has been in
struced TO make thcre little in the language OF the
federal journals just received TO lead to the hope that tho
American government will receive the needfu support IN
making the required reparaton for tho violation or our
neutral rights, and the recent insult to flag. On
the contrary is seems TO have been the prevailing
opinion before the mail left New York, on the l2th
Decembsr-by which time it had been ascertain,
ed that the news OF the boarding OF the Trent had
reached this countrythat the effect Of that intelligence
here more favorable than could have been ex.
| pected ana that in the communications which had
| passed between our government and the American
Minister, the seizure Of the commissioners had been
fary and distinctly settled" in favor OF the federal 60
vernment It will some surprise officers Of the
Crown to find they get credit in America for the de-
livery OF an opinion the very reverse OF ina. %ncn en- as
Before this doubt the New York public, aud the peo
pie OF the Northern States generally, have been unde
ceved and their government had to deal with the ques
violation of the neutral rights of this country
in the brief but difficult form Of umatum preferred
by tho British government Indeed, the moro the case
OF the boarding Of the Trent and the seizure OF the south
ern commissioners is examined by the light Of the few
which appear to bear it, the more clear
y docs the position taken by our government seem TO
be founded right and justice, and in accordsnce
with the recognized moxims Of international law,
as adopted more especially in the practice OF the Amc
rcan government must not De iorgo.ten, /,
however, that 30 far we have no Official
| iutiination Of the views and determination Of
the federal government on this most important question
the President and his colleagues have, whatever
cause, withheld their opinion. If, however, they are
guided by the recorded opinions Of former American go
very denitivey the question OF the violation Of neu-
a rights involved in the boarding and searching Of ves-
sells under the neutral fag and especially OF vessels en-
ployed in the mail service Of neutral State. The public
writers in America who have been diligently hunting up
the cases Orozembo and the Mercury arising
out of the war of 1872 might have found q case much
nearor tmesO that 1t must be in the recol-
lection OF every member of Mr. Lincon's administration
who preens to any political knowledge. In March, 1855,
the American mail steamer FL Dorado fired into, stop
ped and searched somewhere the coast Of Cuba by the
Spanish war steamer Ferrolono. This outrage-for q
gross outrage 1t wascreated surprise and Indignation
only Washington but throughout the United States
Mr. Marcy gave expression to the opinion Of the govern
ment of which he was member, in the following re-
mlrkable words 1.-THE act OF the commander VI tho
Ferrolono represented TO this government done by
the order Span sanctioned by her. must be regard
cd the assertion to exercise police over our COM
upon the ocean, which will be resisted at every
hazard by the government OF the United States" Act
ing upon this view Of the case, fleet was despatched
by the American government to the Gulf OF Mexico,
and instructions were issued tho commanding OFF,
GERS directing them that il any such outrage that
committed in the Ferroiono were again perpetrated
"on vessel rightfuIly bearing the American nag,
they should promptly interfere, relieve the arrested
American ship, prevent tho exercise OF the assumed
right of visitation Search and rcpel the interference
BY force" These Instructions were sufficient. The Of
fence was repeated, and reparation demanded
and believe exacted, from the s anish government
self as exhibiting the jealousy the federal government
in respect Of the nvolability OF the neutral nag pat
formed the immediate precedent on which Mr.. Bucha;
nan government acted In the subsequent affair at Sgca
la rande 1855 fresh in the recollection Of our readers
and which led to the settlement Of the question of vista
ton and search between this country and the United
States That affair was debated at great length in Con-
gress and the opinion Of that deberative assembly ON
tho question involved thus soemny recorded the
l6 of June Is5s-"Ihat American vessels on the high
In time Of peace bearing the American flag, remain
under the jurisdiction OF tho country TO which they
belong, and therefore any visitation, molesation or
detention of such vessels by force by the exhibition
Of force the part Of foreign Power, IS derogation
of the sovereignty of tn; United States" This resolu
ton was not Suffered 10 remain dead letter. Inssruc
followed close upon it, addressed to the officers la
command of the American force on the Cuban waters
and directing them in imperative terms g TO protect all
vessels Of tho United States from tho exercise OF the
right of search the high in time OF peace by the
armed vessels Of any other Power These Instructions
obssrycd Mr.. Toucey, Secretary to the Navy, in his
report for 1851 have beca often repeated and arc
now rcgrdcd standing Instructions to the navy Of the
United States wherever employed They put the dock OF
| an American vessel on tho same footing rs Ame-
rican SOIL tho invasion Of which, under foreign
| authority is to bo as strenuously resisted In one
case in the other. They regard such invasion
tho highest degree offensive to the United States in
compatible with their sovereignty and with the freedom
Of the and to be met and resisted BY the whole
power Of tho country"
These are h sentiments Of the Cabinet Of Washington
delivered just three years 1t is impossible TO
ceiye any language precise and ntcigbe while II
Is strict conformity with the prnc-,e laid down by
Congress founded upon PRECEDENT that Of the Fl Do.
RADIO, which approaches nearly 10 that of the Trent
than any which has yet b,en cited II Is true these
recorded opinions relate to tho exercise OF the right Of
anft Rot uhn he Tom Ia, a..
ed and searched and four passengers forcby Withdrawn
from her, the fetera government were at with
England, and they do not admit they were at with
the Confcderaies. II worh almost sem if this
case of tho II Dorado, which must be kncwn to
Mr.. Seward and other members Of Mr.. Lincon's
Cabinet, has been keEt out OF view, because II 30
exactly meets the OF the Trent as 10 be positively
unanswcrabe. We have been at the pains to bring out
tho facts because feel that opportunity should be
lost In showing what has been the conduct Of the ms
and of Congress whenever the neutral
rights of the United States have been believed to be in
valod compromised. For the maintenance OF those
rights successive American administrations have been
ready to 20 to war and they never had In which
the \, lation OF those rights premeda:ed ami SC
fragrant that which forms the subject Of inand
for rcircrs the part Of the British government. II
tcf corc, the reGcrl government are disposed u aop
tho OF the commander OF The san Jacnto they will dc
open gard OF that policy which every American
government since the days OF Madison, and the elibcra
tive body Of the States have been Tho vocifcrous and
ninchmg advocates.
The Monroe Doctrine-Ifs Relation tS
Canada fn an English Point Of View.
From the laiiy News, Fec. 26.
Few things have puzzled those who, with only al
average acquaintance with American affairs, wish 4
think well Of the people Of the United States than the
way of talking about acquiring Canada. II quite tru
that 1t Is established habit in America for politica
asrans to promise Canada 10 the citizens, and h
citizens TO assume that the acquisition Of Canada Il
only question II time II is quito true that since th
existing American revolution took form tho American
secelary u state has repeated his former assumption
about the duty and espcdency OF annexing Canada
i that public who should be wiser and more scrnpu
lous than Mr.. Seward has shown hmscfto he have
fallen into his way Of talking this matter. When
lcader II the aboonsts ike Mr. Wendell Phillips in
duges in proiga,e talk Of that kind Englishmen maj