The New York herald., 1862-01-08

have aladed took lhoir eject upon the poIiti.
eei pa.tics OF the country. Tho newly organized
P seP o!yan party had grown In numbers ard
resolution, t1lsoretisn was paralyzed and tho
lea ers TO whom havs alluded nade iho great stroke
OF policy to bring about schsn in tho dem cratic marty
Tho candidate OF their selection. AMI who within
month ras has been expelled from that Senate over
which he preslded--(c (cheers)-if lie hal been chosen
President for four orRer probably this would
nave been posponed but not indefinitely for IL is
tain as anything chn he that the leaders determined,
at ali hazards, that tho Union should be broken South
aona az usual, cllmod the bad precedent OF leader
SHIP snd, as far as her ability went, sho proceeded 10
place her State in an attitude OF military prepare On
TWO or three or the members u Mr. Buchqnans Cabin
nom the FIRST bal been in the socet OF this
conspiracy. One OF them, after his rosgla-
uen--i aiiude to the Secretary OF war-a msn
VINO ought a bascA repuatOn into this Cabinet, was
shinoiesS enough 10 say that he had made up his mind
that not another solder should be sent reinforce The
southern forts Tho work at tho Northern dockyards
ana asenals were stopped and considerable porloa OF
their materials went % supply those Of the south which
aready had more than their share inactive conspiracy
WAS organized Throughout the s.avehodiag states An
arrangement was made for a provisional COVE nment Of
wnch me seat MAS to be at Montgomery Ala. bat
nnsIy, the aesgn was 10 capture Washington, scize
upon tho national archives the treaties with foregn
Powers, and then to announce 10 tho govern.
ments OF Europe that the confederacy beng in
possession OF Washington or tho national archi yes,
and OF the treaties the United States of America
Tho Presdent was TO be excluded from the Capto and
Mr. Jefferson Davis wac to be naugurated In his place
supp emen'ary TO this political angcmcnt plot
SGT on foot 10 assassinac Mr. Lncoin then his way to
Washington These wore the plans, these the prosecls
which took place on the 9th of November OF the last
year. and although it certain that there would be
majority n both houses adverse to The Incoming ENecu
tive and that the President elect had again
prcfessed that he intended open hostility the cons
tutona rights Of any Of the States othe Union yo; South
Carolina chose tc make the bare fact Of his beiTg elected
against her wishes the signal for breaking up Union
She would not wait for overt acts. Why9 because
knew no overt act would bo committed. Accordingly,
under the ridiculous preteyt that there In const
tion an Implied right, OF which not single word
syllable even is pretended to be expressed but i'm
Piled right, under the form of secession, Of trampng
under toot every expess provision of the Fundamental
law tn Caroliua passed what she called ordinance
OF secession, and declared herself no longer member or
she Union This a. example followed by the other
cotton growing Stats, ono after another, They aud
South Carolina had resi- grievances to complain Of and
IL Is not probable that they osthaf dozen by
the operation Of tho Personal Liberty bill or hs Nor
States Their peculiar branch OF industry up un
der the influence Of the federal government and their ct
from the first had enjoyed far than their pro
portion OF s honors Florida Louisiana and Texas had
been brought into the Union at enormous cost, to
say nothing Of the expensive wars Of which they
were the occasion, and yet thoy were ungrateful
enough to follow South Carolina in breaking up
tia, Union which they had known only as blessing
These events In what may be called the utep.
regnum--that Is, the interval between the two ad.
minstrations--when the old administration para.
lyzsd with the near approach Of its exit from Office and
the now administration which had not yet been exalted
into power was season. you will recolect twelve
months ago of anxious expectation, alarm and gloom
when the prosperity Of the country for number Of
years perhaps seemed 10 hang upon these transactions
Still there seemed to be light breaking through the
clouds The flag Of tho Union, upheld BY the noble
Anderson still foated--( loud cheers)-stil foated over
the walls Of sumter The Cabinet had been purgsd OF It's
traitors That unfahful servant who made the shame
gallant son Of New York General Dix(loud APPLAUSE
Of whoso first orders were, tIf any man dare to
haul down the Gag of the United States shoot him on
the spot" (Cheers) But the great States Of Virginia
North Carolina and Ternessee still stood FIRM Though
treason WAS carried on with melancholy assiduity,
Union meetings held In all the large counties aud
principal towns Of the Union. peace conference at
tended by some OF most distinguished citizens both
from the free ard saysholins States was convened at
and the mcs important OF them received the consu.
tiona majority of twohrds in both Houses OF Congress
But oil Of this to no eject Tho members from the
seeding States after another, ther States de-
clared themselves out Of the Union vacated their in
Cnnsress Their sypa!hizng friends remained only 10
naame the country with Their treasonabie Larangues
and prevent, by their votes every attempt al adjustment
and at last one Of them said that II tho North would
tender TO the South carte blanche upon which sic might
write her terms OF COMPROMISE the South would not
accept the offer. And so the winter passed away.
Tho cotton States secedod rovolted in consequence OF
certain wrongs and grievanceswrongs and grievances
which were either wholly imaginary or enormously OK.
Rggeraed but there kind OF grace Ia setting forth
proyocation. Virginia would not join them al the outset
In that movement, but stood aoof four five months
and did not think there sufficient for IT. but
when tho government Of the United States coucurriug
duty in putting down the rebellion then Virginia
threw her sword into the scale. tho cotton States
rsvoed because thoy said the institution Of slavery
menanced, and Virginia did not in that pro-
tcnco for joining the revolt and, as havo said stood
aioof four five months and finally joined IL because
the hairsptng sophsm the subject OF State rights
was not observed-was willing TO drench the Union
In blood to show that Madison had not under.
stood the meaning Of his own resolutions Now this
state Of action perfectly well understood by the
leaders Of tho movement in tho cotton States On this
tho basis they rested their plan of operation and they
determined 70 escr, TO some measures ha, would have
resorted 10 for this purpose two foldone
OF consumnas legislative astu,eness, and the other
measure Of desperate violence The gslavc measure
was thsThe state OF agriculture In tho border slave
States Is such that tho value of tho slave Is almost
tanned by the domestic Is. by constantly
sending further South the surplus o that part Of the
population. told by an Intelligent citizen Of Rnh.
mond some years ago that not loss than hundred
slaves daily every day In the year went from that point
futher SOUTH Now, beside tho great pccuniay return
OF such traic-whch, ! must confess, | believe
to be considerably exaggerated in numbers but stl
il is worry groat--bosde the Immediate return or this
domestic slave trade would have the stil import
ant effect by the drain the market Of keeping up the
valuc Of those that remained nj hons. Accordingly,
when af,y wears at one Of those CON rnc-cal
tioes held at the South-calied Commercial Conyen-
tious, but really caucusos for plotting dsunionwhen
project was brought forward resolution moved 10
take measures reopen the African slave rads-t was
warmly opposed by the delegates from Virginia. not VIC
nust think fsom any moral OF pnanhrepis consldcra-
supposed to be vital In Virginia, the sku men that were
employed in drawing up ney constitution for tho
Confederate Statos South, introduced Ia the nrs,
place a clause prohibiting tho African slave
irads. This was intended u have tho fur.
ther effect Of conciaipg foreign influence; but then
the next clause that should always be compeoal
for Southern Congress 10 prohibit. tlc domestic slave
trade and in the debates at Montgomery ON ibis clause
no secret was made of the intention OF hoso provisions
II was opsny SAID that they meant TO say 90 viTgInf
"The other border states join the cOlicdcrgcy and
allow the domestic slave trade 10 stand aoof from
us and wo will amend that foa.ire In the consultation
which proh bs tho African slave trade; Uo viii supply
ourselves from that quarter Thus you see thoro
at once in tho same breath bribe and 10 Vr
cinR bat for h3 lime, and far judge, not
with much effect. The "Ancicnt Dominion" had chn.
rate. Ia the world. Shs was not willing ut home
cf, al
State sanding alocf from such movement as this on
the causes Tor which is authors naugrated and thcn
months after II joined that she might 10 herself
the melancholy privilege OF continuing 10 stock tho
plantations OF Alabama, Mss sspp and Lon siaDa AT
auy rate for other socession did not prog
per 10 The native state or Marshall, aud Madison and
Jefferson, aud Washington; and then IL thn, that
other measure 10 which have aluded--the
measure Of desperate vioencc-was reaostoi 70.
South Carolina had been told that Virginia would never
allow her sacred soil to be trod by the feet OF the armies
of tho Uatcd states their way 10 soyareign
stats--that against the resolutions OF 'eSand the
moment tho Grst dropof blood shod Virginia would
dispute with Carolina tho honor Of precedence In the
ment Then 10 was that, by wicked concert between