The Iowa transcript. (Toledo, Tama County, Iowa) 1858-1866, 1862-04-10

This fruit, enters more largely into
consumption, than any other one varie-
ty, and the commerce ial value Of the
apple crop of the country, exceeds
that of all other fruits combined. In
its dricd state i, is exported largely to
nearly all parts Of the habitable globe
far away Austria having been one Of
the largest consumers, the past few
years Of .sAmsrican dried apples As
sparkling champaign (iuicy cidcr)
the market is nearly rs Worldwide
Thousands Of barrels Of cider-yinegar,
are annually sold-thc navy being one
of the largest consumers Of the juice
when in this state, while ship loads OF
the fruit in its green state arc annually
sold in the European markets, and, pack
ed in ice, find ready sale in the
West Indies.
The most ubiquitous Of fruit, too, is
the apple; being found in the wild
state where roam the hunting and trap
ping Nomads Of the north west, and III
the forests which line the swamps and
bayous Of Dixie"
No other fruit has the faculty Of ad-
aptiny itself to SO great variety Of soil
and climate as the apple. It has been
found however, that certain varieties
are better adapted to particular locali-
ties than oihers-that while some sorts
succeed SO well in the rocky soil and
humid atmosphere Of the sea bound
States as to become the ':market fruit
Of those regions, on the loaming soil
and under the broiling summer sun
Of the Mississippi valley they are nearly
or quite worthless.
Indeed, though the fundamental
principles Of Horticulture, Of the plant
ing and management Of fruit trees are
of universal applicability, yet in its
details there is found so great diversity,
that the western tree planter who relies
entirely upon the dictum Of eastern po-
mologists will meet with as many fail
ures as successes.
The MASSACHUSETTS migrant who
plants about his prairie home an orch
ard of ..Baldwins' or '.R,xbury Rus
SETS or the man from central or north
crn New York, |. few Of his favorite
kings will most likely have his labor
for his pains, and will be quite apt to
pronounce fruit growing at the west,
huinbug, while the fault is not in
climate or soil, but III his selection of
varieties.
Of course, the first thingto be attend
ed to III planting ont an orchard Of
apples in the west and in the vicinity Of
latitude 400 to 42o is to obtain sorts Of
approved hardness, such as are recon
mended by western pomologist rs best
adapted to the climate Of this latitude
and when the trees are procured OBJ
tain the advice OF some practical fruit
grower as to the best method Of Setting
Ard herein lies the secret of so many
failures, and al the risk Of being prolix
l will close this article by giving, in
language so brief and plain that all
shall easily comprehend, what | consid-
err the only true method Of planting
apples aud all other dcciduous trees at
the west.
Having selected your ground for the
orchard which must be sufficiently ele-
waited to be sure Of perfect drainage,
lay it Off in squares (which for apples
may be from twelve to sixteen feet and
back .furro,o t,cice the dead fuarou
being calculated for the line Of orchard
trees. Then pillow the lands back again
thrice, which will leave the back furro,cs
(the dead burrows OF the previous plow.
ing) raised few inches above the SUR
rounding soil !; then with rod or line
mark of for the trees setting pins
where the trees are to stand, care be.
ing taken to have the measurements
exact, then with spade throw ont the
earth from each place intended for a
tree SO that, when planted it shall
stand several inches deeper than in
the nursery. Before the planting is
commenced, however, each tree must
be carefully examined and all roots
that have been at all bruised in taking
Up must be pared smoothly with sharp
knife and the tops reduced fully one
Third, SO as to be certain Of a vigorous
growth of new shoots the first season.
Throw in few shovels-full Of well pull
varied earth, then pour in half pail
full Of water, which will tend to carry
the soil about all parts Of the root, as
,uAn 20 n nrAvnnt iniury from drOuth