Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1862-01-07

states are admitted 70 DO the outWaru,biBnp ~
social condition.
The principle Of an universal public educa-
tion was embraced In all the laws and ordinances
organizing the institutions Of the State. The
United States granted landa, the State adopted
the principle in her Constitution, and for half .
century various laws have been enacted, and
taxes laid to carry out fully the original inten-
ton, that the whole people should be educated.
| To do this, however, required not merely laws
and money, bdt social experience aud adapta-
ton Of means which could only be the growth
of time. After many difficulties, and the lapse
| of many yeare, it has been accomplished, and
our school system, II not perfect, 10 certainly
giving an elementary education TO the people:
IL is not merely the growth OF numbers, but the
growth Of system, whose comprehensive
benefits and influences embrace the whole peo-
| pie. f5
The increase in the extent, and application
of public education TO the people, may be esti-
mated from the following proportions, between
the population at given periods, and the num-
ber attending all the places of education:
1872 ssSslS percent. of population 1. school
In 1885,. 600,034-26
Thus we find the proportion of those educated
doubling in twenty years; and If we refer TO the
scale Of studies, the introduction Of High
Schools, and the general advancement OF pupils,
we shall fnd that the advance in the quality
and value OF education Is fully equal to that in
the number of the instructed, There are now
over 700,0 900 pupils in all the places Of public
education. Over one-fourth the entire popula-
moral and intellectual advancement which edu-
cation confers; and In this fact lies the sure
foundation OF social stability and prosperity.
Referring TO the outward organization OF reli-
giop, we find there are FIVE thousand two hun
dred and fifty church buildings, being one to
each four hundred and sixty persons. These
embrace every variety of Christian profession
all secured by our Constitution In full liberty
of worship, and each jealous In carrying for.
ward it's own view. .dt url gs- tu
In estimating the morals oil society We have
social tests, in the number and character oi
crimes, In the number of violent deaths, and ir
the number Of marriages. While we cannot
estimate the amount OF vice existing beyond
the reach Of the law, these exterior tests afford
a means Of comparison between different COM
munities The facts connected with this sub
ject have been for several yearA reported by the
Commissioner of Statistics, and may be briefly
stated. ....,..g.t t.li d. .-sr a4rl
The average number OF indictments fol
crimes in Ohio, for four years ending 1861, was
3,400, of which one-hslf were statutory offerses,
aud the residue crimes against persons or pro-
perty. The proportion OF crimes is about the
4 same as in Great Britain, but the proportion
against property is much less F' .
The average number Of deaths by violence
in Ohio is Eve hundred, or one in forty-seven
hundred. The average number in Prussia ia
one in eighteen hundred and seventy-three
Crimes of violence seem, therefore, to be much
less frequent here than on the continent oi
Europe. 4e
The number OF marriages in Ohio varies but
little from one in one hundred; In Prussia, one
in one hundred and ten. But the proportion in
Germany is probably greater than in either
France or England. LEGITIMACY and infantl-
eide, though frequent In densely populated
countries, are comparatively rare here.
Reviewing these external tests OF socia
morality, We find that, while social evils o.
great magnitude exist among the most civilized
States, our own proportion is less than in oldel
} countries, and sufficiently moderate to prov,
I that the existence Of extraordinary freedom ha
!. not given rise to extraordinary vice. The sta
, tstics of the State show that one-half of al
its crimes are due to intemperaDce. While i
i ia easy to prove that other States, and othe
communities, share even more largely in thi
4 calamity, it cau never cease to be subject o
q profound regret, that people placed under th
!. happiest auspices should be unable to delive
I itself from an evil so great and 30 disastrous
In concluding this review of material ant
: social progress in Ohio, during period of sixt
) years, we must acknowledge at once the graciou
, Providence which provided the elements of sue
I cess; the wisdom of the pioneers, who laid 1t
t foundations so wisely and broadly, and the un
, tiring labors and sagacious intelligence of th
Q people who have sustained and matured it
o institutions. These institutions were foundeI
Q on the broadest basis Of freedom, and in vail
4 will other States, and other ages be sought fo
Q better results, or q nobler success, or q fulle
: example of Just and equitable government.
9 | take this occasion 10 say that the Bureau o
Statisticsyprovided for by the Constitution, ant
D organized by the act Of 1857, has proved o.
D essential service, in procuring and systematic
} ing accurate information upon the elements, re
sources, and development of the State. The
, annual movement in each department Of sgri
culture, industry, commerce, and society, Il
! now perfectly determined, and furnishes reli-
able basis Of legislation. Statistics, In the
most advanced States of Europe, have been re-
duced to science, and are quoted and relied
upon, by both statesmen and philosopher, az
the best means of ascertaining the true condi.
ton Of society. II the present law on this
subject we're 90 amended as to provide for ascer.
tanning the number of births and deaths, il
would furnish more complete means of deter
INNING Sul III iuOrS; OnS;ac. M " Sonr f.vor U
con- S .no p".,S of Agricultura IA nerfo,m
ING s"I S1HsS oS,oa. % IN connsct;on with anr sar;
lng gi useiIi ;n,srss.s v " ssrnsstIv commend Il r.
cuI'ulN H,;naa ;n to, ~ tSa .asisIstnrs ana
.ae oTnanIIu n r.ons. fsc;litsa vii ha siyen Il
uass i;IS .nas -. ,bs grsatsas bsne6cial results
10 I 49, ~. hahaf reneat the Recommendation
AZ "A ' 20 vour immedIate predecessors, for tht