Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1862-04-22

-. Is,.- ti6ubeb W De guaranteed DY
coalition OF neutrality formidable enough to conn
teroalance the naval su uperiority of anv beljoe,s
ID e., England. Our resolutions respond n III
idea OF maritime equilibrium. EbGJand Ana
ing her present position untenable, aud unwiilin,
to advance all at once, begins to recede from
even tho Paris declarations. EmI Malmsburv
in late debate, thought England would diare
gard the Paris declaration In time of war. Ear
Russell countensnced the same bad faith In IN
ture. In debate on the 11th, on Mr.. HorspaiT
resolution the exponents Of the Governmeu
indicated the same policy. Agdn, on the l7th
sney reiterated II with growing emphasis The
fear our doctrine will, Gs PAlmerston said, Ierc
a oE0c at English ndvdl supremacy. Lord Cow
ley agreed to the Paris declara lions reluctantlv
This treaty had hardly been celebrated befor,
one hundred of Her Msjesty's peers recordei
their votes againstlt. 'f'75T1I ~
When last summer Mr.. Adams proposed the
Marcy amendment, Euglana held Ii to be mad
missibie She even refused to accept the sbo
lition Of prlvateerlng, 80 unRisely pfoffered hy
Mr.. Seward, without the Marcy amendment tS
protect private property from public crnisers
because she had recognized our ins,irrent
States as beligerent, and she held that the tea.
" we might make With her should not bind our
rebels against usirg privateers to devastate ouI
commerce. Negotiations were then suspended
with England. There 10 only one way to reach
her, and that is, BY the neutral coalition Ia
peaoej TO be carried out with force, IL needed.
when war comes. So much for the past history
OF negotiations on neutral rights What of The
iutureY The Tisest and best Of men and ma
ticps agree that the American doctrine Is right.
ana ought to be part OF the LT gtntium The
faFis declarations failed to give that unifoImi.
" aud certainty desirable. They are we'll
enough as starting point. Here Mr.. Cox re-
viewed the four declarations, ,intimating that to
complete them IL ought TO be declared that
private property should be held inviolsble IN
war, on sea as we'll as land, and that, az con-
trsband is always excepted, it ought 10 be de.
hned what contrG5and is--Ehether Is includes
dispatches, Ambassadors, civil ss well as mill
tary persons This definition ought 10 be made.
with vieg TO unrestrain trade as far as il ia
possible It's definition now is elastic. IL
means shoti 1t mag mean provisions Nmeaps
saitpetre; 1t may mean coal. II means militia.
~ men; does it mean Ambassadors? Il NAV
mean anything the strong power chooses. Nc
Culloch gives the English meaning, and OF
course 1t Is, generally, munitions de gueTTe; bu.
II is, particularly, what England pleases. With
out this definition, the Paris declaration for
neutrality, excepting contfaband, is very indeE-
intte, If not dead letter. Treaties have been
made as early as 1904, even with the Turks,
embodyiDg the maxim of "free shios. fee
goods;" but they were cobwebs of peace, which
the hand Of war brushed away Never till
this Government began its work with Prussia.
Russia and France, has there been any actnai
progress Now we have the opportunity of se.
curing the fruits Of cur labor. Our nation.
With its extensive and extending commefee.
under the Influences Of liberal code of neutrai
rights will take its place at ihe head Of the
commercial world EnglsDd knows and fears
this. We do not require guns and armane ent
to do 1t. Our msrne,if as free as these doc
trines would make it, would make New York
what London is-what Amsterdam or Venice
Was-un:ueTsi or6is ferTaTum emporium The
present s auspicious for results. Ali the ma
tions are anxious, except England. Under the
pressure OF Congress OF powers she mey
foEego hOr laggard notions and bar6Gric code.
We must not omit to do England Justice.
however backward che now appears. She has
somewhat. We had hoped her de-.
mand in the Trent affair meant something more
than her wounded PRIDE aud a1fonsed fIg. For
one hundred and fifty years che made neutrality
more precarious on the sea than hostility. In
1918, through Castlereagb, and as late as l842,
through Ashburton, she still insisted on her
right to search our ships in time of peace for
sailors. That pretension ia nov goas. This ia
progress. Not many years ago she overhauled.
nsnlted and outraged almost every ship her
cruisers pleased, particularly ours. Now the
same England, on the 18th Of November last.
as a neutral, against taking certain
persons from under her flag. This seems en-
,ouraging. From 1898 to 1915 her prize courts
strained every belligeTent right TO the utter
most, and piled prohibition on prohibition until
neutrality itself was prohibited; yet now ner
her reviewers, and her statesmen
begin to talk of prohibition upon neutrals as
prohibited. Not many years ago she proclaim
cd paper blockade upon the coasts of France
because simply of their geographical position
With respect to the English coasts, and sbe de-.
troysd French harbors by blocking them m.
low she has holy horror of stone blockades.
Vhen We use them as q domestic arrangement
70 quell rebellion. Then she could seize a.
7essel on the Chinese ouset aud aend II back to
England for adjudication, because 1t was pre-
umed to have escaped from French port. bnt
low she inquiries carefully into the efficiency of
,ur blockade Of our own ports, even when cot.
on is Ave pence in New Orleans and twelve
,ence In Liverpool. Is she not progressing
Then che Issued orders in Council to persecute
Iud destroy oil neutral navies, and that, too.
for the happiness and Independence of man
,ind;" now she begins the Crimoan War by al
owing Russian vessels to clear out FROM her
orts, and ends it by the declaration of Paris in
S66. Her ancient practice has insensibly civ
n way. IL was based on force ana sustained
y pride. il was sanctioned by her courts ana
he harsh customs Of barbsric law. She was
ealous Of hostile vessel carrying neutral
,oOds, because 1t was profitable to her enemy,
nd Of neutral ship carrying the goods Of an
nemy, because that encouraged the commerce
nd augmented the wealth Of the foe. In ei.he?
ase the eneIny of England was benefited BY
be impunity and damnihed By the stoppage of
uch traffic; therefore England stopped it. Mil
ions of confscated commerce fell into her ra-
,acious clutch. hes
Opinion and practice have changed somewhat
ince then, because her relative commerce has
hanged during the long peace. France has
IOWA large naval force, The United States
AVE Eve times the marine Il had at the close
# the Revolution. The use Of iron to clothe |
var steamers is still changing her relations to
'ther maritime powers Ericsson has, ameli
rated the laws of the sea for neutrals. We
laye Ave hundred thousand more tons of chip 1
ing than England. These facts have made
England, once the buccaneer of the ses, quite
respectable tracing power. Squirm as she
asy, her days of naval supremacy arc mum.
,ered. Earl Grey, In 1856. in discussing the
'asis declarations, warned his peers that the
mere increase Of sea-going ships had made her
I'D Tight Of search after She property Of bellg-i
.rents in neutral bottoms an utter impractibili-
y. He warned them Of time-noW here |
Vhen England would invoke neutral rights for
he protection Of her oEn flag aud commerces-,-
The time is therefore auspielols for further i'm
movements in maritime law A Congress Of |
nations should date a new epoch, By declaring |
hat private property shall be respected uuless !
1 he nonirahnnd Whilh limiting and 6af ming