Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1862-06-14

Weekly, Der year ......,.... ...,... %
Emancipation and Its Rssnlts-Is Ohio
1,sa s to be Affioanizedi ~
| n asTg ai ssi ---.- Gr .&as.a
p ~ SPEECH OF 15 p .eai
HON. -. .. C0E,
OF OHIO.
Delivered IN &s House of Representatives, June
| " { 8, 1862. q NJ
5.I S'.s ---- ..y.f. ..1 ..
stoOntlnued,I sd s-..5..... ID.
II, when swearing TO sustain these clauses Of
tho Constitution, We have not taken "diceFs'
oaths, |" We must refuse oil legislation which At
teints any one for treason. We can declare the
punlshment Of treason, to be meted out by "due
process of Law" In the proper tribunals. We
have already done 90. Il 10 death. But for
every cPime there must be trial and conviction.
II 10 the very essence oi desposIsm TO conflscale
without such legal impeachment. Against such
Legislative tyranny the authors Of our Constitu-
tion framed express clauses. They did Il, az
Judge Story says (H St0yy's Commentaries, seo-
ton l344), to guard against the Injustice and
inlquity which England indicted ain times Of re
beliion or OF gross subserviency to the crown
or OF violent political excitements--ps II
which all nations are most liable Gas we'll the
free as the ensaved) to forget their duties and ID
Others" aI. 80. - -. ~ G,
The sentiment Of the accomplished men o
Congress being agsinst these bills as unconsti
tusioneiI resort was next had 10 the law of ma
tions TO Justify them. Members, who yeeI
ago, claimed that this rebellion was not cVi
war, are now quick to hnd ont that II 10 90
when II Will snsWer the purpose Of vengeance
and emancipation. The Secretary Of War, ir
bis order Of April 8, 1852, expressly Recognised
the rebellion % "oiyil war; When, q yea
ago, / embodied the doctrine, that from tn,
formidable character and number Of the insur
gents, the laws Of civil war, as between bel
ligerant nations, ought TO obtain, copied though
my resolution was from Vattel himself--eentle
men irconsideFately voted IL down. Waite
(Book 3, chap. IL, $685. and other authorita
tive publicists declare what is q public war:
The war bs,wesen the two parties stands on the SAM
ground In every respect, % public betWeen tW
different nations. They decide their quarrel by arms
as two different nations would do. The obligation 4
observe the common Laws Of var toward each other ID
therefore, absolute. t.l .I...r
i Since then, flags Of truce, exchange of prison
ers, and other rules of civilized warfare hay,
been practiced By our Government. EnglAn,
and FraLoe have recognized this relation
Now. II the laws OF war as between nations pre-
vail In this contest, es gentlemen now argue
} then point to the humane code that priVat
: property on LAND shall not be confscated, excep
Is be contraband of war. That slaves are con
tFAband when used on Notifications, and ar,
} conaScate, 10 no question now, since Congress
has enacted law making each slave 90 used
oon6soate to the State. But II BY the laws o
the States slaves are personal property, ss th
courts have decided, then the Law Of nation
. reaches them. 7e.ug. So ...T
That Law Of nations has no exception bus con
! traband. 1t 10 90 admitted BY all. America q
: least has acted on it. Franklin, In bis treat,
With Pfussia, Washington, in his letter :
Roohamheau, Hamilton, Jefferson, Clay, job
Quincy Adams, Pierce, Marcy, Lincoln, an
! Seward have taken 1t for granted. Il too lat
4 10 question IL. They sought 10 extend d, In ID
a interest Of humanity, from the land 10 the set
. l hayeS this session, In Q speech on neutFi
y maritime rights, eluoidated this doctrine OF
its history. IhaVe shown that this was the O
}, Iject Of the Paris conference Of 1885, ard of q
o Marcy amendment proposed to she great mar
time powers. To this doctrine the assent Of fol
ty-slx powers was given, Rt the request {
, France. And this was the object of Mr.. DAJ
ton, and Mr.. Adams, and our other Europea
ministirs last summer, when, by Mr.. Seward
instruction and under President Lincoln's d
! rection, our nation sought 10 have all privAt
: property, not contTaband Of war, munitions q
a Sreyye, free from seizure and confacation b
. the cruisers and privaieers of belIigerents q
t sea, as u toss already Aus free upon land.
therefore boldly affirm that this administration
TO its lasting honor, is not only committed
q this doctrine, but have favored lts ex,ensio
: from the land to the sea. The great men Q
Europe, and Of this country, have agreed
4 that doctrine. 1t was urged to soften the ho
rors Of war, TO save mankind from cruel ar
unjust violence, to limit war and its horrors (
the combatants, to reduce the conflict to q due
( 10 between armies, and to save the sea, ss d
Q land was already saved by law, from being Il
. theatre Of cruel, predatory, and barbarous prsl
! tees. The reason urged for this doctrine i
= that IL enables men 10 make peace, lasting an
fraternal, unembittered BY cfueliies 70 helple
women and children, TO non-combAtanla, ar
men of productive industry and peaceful occI
pations In private life. II is the doctrine of Il
T Savior of mankind. r.. .,.. 4
The wise men Of this Congress have urge
!, upon similar principles, that all laws Of Ve
. geance, oonfHcation, and emancipation will on
! prolong and stimulate the, rebellion, postpoI
peace, and frustrate the reassertion Of feder
authority. While would punish the reb
leaders for treason BY death, without merc
J. while would do Il without vengeance, In q
" name and majesty Of the Republic which th,
have tried TO dispsrt and destroy, would q
make laws, In the very agony Of the stFii
whose effect will be 10 strengthen treason,
prolong the contest, and destroy all hopes Of
reunion. ..a --i. .'... 80,
But, sir, my opposition to such bills procee
mainly from other and more conclusive reaao
! ing. Granting that these bills are constitutions
and that they are according 10 the law of nation
O more momentous question arises. II is no le
than the pYsservatioR Of the people and soeidy
The North. You free the slaves to punish tire
son; you free the slaves because you hate sla
' cry. But what II the punishment falls upon d
. loyal Northi Shall Ohio suffer because Sou
Caroline rebels 9 Shall the North be destroy
or impaired In Its progressive prosperity, By yo
projects Of Wholesale freedom Of the siayes, b
cause Z will ,puniah' OrIppls. or destroy slave
tis beyond doubt that a large number Of Il
four millions of slaves will be freed incident.
y By the war. Already ten thousand are fre,
10 South Carolina; and perhaps a. many mo
In the West. It has been computed that q
ready some 10000 blacks are freed by the va
! see It stated suthoritativsly that more conlr
y banda followed Gen. Bsuks'S retreat down Il
ooss Virginia Valley than hls srOopa numbered
o. These are being scattered North, are beoomiI
resident in this DISTRICT and supported BY 1
n largesses Of the federal treasury. Il ls said th
$4,000 ratlons are daily given out to negroes
our Government This Ia but asmali number
those who are freed, or to be freed, By the
bills, The mildeet oonfscaticn bill propos
~ will free not less than zoe. 600 slaven. The b
oi which is before rs frees three millions, at lea
r. The bills which receive the favor Of the mai,
in' ity Of the Republican party Will free four m
linna. NnthinR laaa will aatiafr thin Onnn..