The New York herald., 1862-04-16

The companies sent garrison the fort wore the Sa
vannah Light Guard and Savannah Light Infantry, hty
mon each and twenty five belonging to the Chatham
artillery. the crack corps OF tho city All these were
placed under the command OF Colonel Alexander r. Law
ton native Of South Carolina and graduate Of West
FONT, who was at the President Of the savannah
ana Augusta Railroad, and open and avowod seces
sionst' Subsequently reinforcement OF 100 men was
anued 10 thc garrison, which then numbered 225 men
inc secessionsts, embodened by this act OF Governor
Brown, grew very nsoIsnt towards the Union mon OF
the state, threatened them with cxpatriaton the cons
o'ion OF their property, &c, and subjected them 10
such continual annoyances that the Union sentiment was
almost entirely supprossod--Governor Brown this
mean time, having published letter TO the people OF
Georgia, in which no throw or his disguise, and
come out openly and boldly tor immediate secession.
Thus matters remained until after the OF
OF tho State anuary 10 1891 The Fort stransferred
TO the provisional authorities OF tho Confederate States
ana was subsequently garsoned by 800 OF the coneder
ae soldiers As showing the inexcusable incfconcy of
the federal administration at important crisis, We
may here state that the total federal force In Fort Pu
lask At the time Of the seizure was tcesty These
wers Of unable mako any deoncs against ths
forces sent to take possession Of the work. ~.
: Irthe HxRALD OF January g. We made the following
comments regarding the action Of Governor Brown:
But what shall we say excuse for tKesoiEdre Of
FEDERAL fortress BY tho Governor Of Georgia. while that
State s st in full communion with the general govern
ment And what Of similar revolutionary acts reported
They to be commended jaaed By the plea Of i~-
tyention IN behaD of the federal government acain the
mob but we fear that the local authorities in these
or BY their sympsthies with the mob and have thus
descended 10 the level Of the mob. q
SKETCH OF SAVANNAH AND IT'S DE
FENCES.
The unconditional surrender Of Fort Pulaski the key
Of the city Of Savannah has left that Southern capital
almost entirely without protection, and s capture BY
our troops may be confidently expected within very
brief period Savannah is very important city II is
the scat OF justice and the largest city in the State of
ated the southeast bank Of the Savannah river
high bluff, forty feet above low water mark. It is twelve
miles distant, in direct air line from the
and eighteen miles, following the Of the river
The city is regularly laid out in the form OF pa
raslogram with streets (many OF them wido crossing
each other at right angles There public
In the city, two acres each at equal distances
from each other These squares and many OF the streets
are bordered with trees and particularly OF the genus
known as the "Pride Of India ," which give them beau
tifGl appearance. The monument crested to General
Greene and especially the one 70 Count General Pulaski
who fell n the attack against tho British At Savannah
are beautiful and tasteful structures Many Of the
houses OF brick, and considerable number OF them
including tho principal public buildings, elegant
The city is lighted with gas and well supplied with
water from the river, raised by two powerful steam
engines into . reservoir one hundred and twenty
feet above the surface Of the river, and distributed
through the city In iron pipes. On the east and
wea of ha ctty and min
extends two miles TO the south. The city affords good
facilities FOR vessels in Distress having dry dock capa
bic Of taking vessels 235 feet in length by sixty feet
all, and everything necessary for repairing vessels.
There also ways for drawing up vessels OF three
hundred tons. There twenty feet of Tybee
bar At high water with fall Of six feet. The city
founded in the year 1913 by General James Ogethorpe
and others. 1t was taken by the British in l77s but
thoy abandoned il in 1882. On the 10th Of January
1920, four hundred and siXythrse buildings de-
sroyedby fre--four millions worth OF property de.
sroyed but it has been rebuilt with additional beauty
THE APPROACHES TO SAVANNAH.
The whole space between the city and the is cut
up and iotsrsecsd by rivers creeks cuts swamps and
openings.
Walls Cut is opening from Port Royal into the Sa
vannah river with some two eight feet depth ut high
water. This opens into the Savannah river about
six miles above Fort Pulaski. and is of Of the
range OF its guns.
On the Georgia side OF the river there two OPEN
ngs known Wilmington creek and Frseborne's Cut,
connecting Warsaw Sound with Augustine creek river
and from thence with Savannah river These two
ings for some distance through the marsh, quite
near the main river, say within half mile, and this
at point opposite Wallis Cut and about two miles
from it,
"Skidawayp Is q large island lying parallel with the
main It is about twelve miles from the city and is con.
nscted with the mainland by bridges There is heavy
draught Of water there.
TIE SAVANNAH RIVER.
Savannah river is the dividing line between Georgia
and South Carolina. 1t is formed by the Tugsloo and
Kiowes-two small streams which rise near the south
frontier OF North Carons and the boundary be-
Anderson district, South Carolina. and Franklin
county Georgia. Flowing in general south southeast
direction forms the boundaries between these States
through the whole OF its subsequent course and enters
the Atlantic 80 degrees north latitude and 81
grees west longitude and eighteen miles below savaq
nah city The length OF the river exclusive OF branches
estimated at -four hundred and fifty miles. The nlvi
CATION is good from November till June-about sigh
months in the year. Large vessels ascend Savannah
aud steamboats, OF hunared dty Augusta
about two hundred and thirty miles, and smaller boat
hundred and lfty miles hgher.
On the Savannah river the bodies OF tide swamp land
are extensive and are cultivated upwards OF twenty
miles from the brackish marsh up the river. Thes
lands are considered tho valuable in the State
account of their growth Of rice Many of the rice plan
tations have picturesque appearance.
sketch of Fort PuInsk
The city guarded ts approaches by Fort ?ulak
built On Cockspur Island fourteen miles from savannsh
a. the mouth of the Savannah river. The site Of III
fertilization was selected by MAJOR Babeoek the Unite
states Engineer corps sbont twenty years ago. but
was not ill 1891 that the work o. erecting the presen
massive masonry fortncston commenced in earnest
In that year Captain Mansfield, nov General Mansfield
in command OF Nswports News, TOOK charge OF it
construction. The fort flushed few years ago al
cost Of secs 600 The fort is Q. penagona form cover
np several acres it's walls are forty feet high and pro