Delaware State journal and statesman., 1862-12-05

{ ''The public lands have ceased to be n soutC
Of revenHe. From the list Of July, 1851. 10 lh
sob Of September, 1862, the euiire cash receipt
from the sale OF lands were $l31 ,41G.2G, "a III,
much less than the expenses OF our land systei
iuriug the snme period.
"The homestead law, which will take effect d
the lat Of January next, offers such inducement
To settlers that sales for cash cannot be expectc
to in extent sufficient to meet the expenses o
THE General Land Office. and the cost OF survey
ing nad bringing the land into market
The discrepancy between the sum here state,
as arising from the sales Of the public lands
and the sums derived from the same source, a
reported from the Treasury Department, arises
aa understand, from the fact that the peripli
Of time though apparently were not really
concident at the beginning point; the Treas
urH report including a considerable sum now
which had previously been reported from the In
terror, sufficiently large to greatly ovorreaGh tho
sum derived from the three-mOnths now, repOr-
ted upon by the Secretary of the Interior, aud
not by the Secretary OF the Treaaury
The Indian tribes upon our frontiers have,
during the past year, manifested spirit of in
subordinatun, aud at several points have en-
gagged in open hostilites against the white set
Elements in their vicinity.
The tribes Occupying the Indian country south
Of Kansas renOunced their allegiance TO the
United States, and entered into treaties with the
insurgents. Those who remained loyal to the
United States were driven from the country.
! The chiet Of the Cherokees has visited this
city Tor the purpose OF restoring the former re-
lat.ons OF the tribe with the United States. lie
alleges that they were constrained by superior
force to enter into treaties with the insurgents,
and that the United States neglected to furnish
the protection which their treaty sipulntions re-
CURED. In the month of August last the Siuux
lndiuns, in Minnesota, attacked the settlements
in their vicinity with extreme ferocity, killing,
Unfortunately, men, women, ard Children,
This attack was wholly unexpected aud, there
fore, no means Of defence had been provided
Ii is estimated that not less than eight hundred
persons Ncre killed by the Indians, and large
amount of property was destroyed. How this
outbreak wus induced is not definitely known,
and suspicious, which may be unjust, need not
be stated
Information was received by the Indian
Bureau, from different Sources about the time
hOstilites were commenced, that simultaneous
attack was TO be made upon the white settle
ments by all the tribes between the Mississippi
river and the Rocky Mountains. The State Of
Minnesota has suffered great injury from this
lsdian war large portion of her territory
has been depopnhted, and severe loss has
been sustained by the destruction of property
The people of that State manifest nuch anx
ietY for the removal Of The tribes beyond the
limits Of the State as guarantee against future
hosiilities The Commissioner of Indian Affairs
will furnish full details.
submit for your especial consideration
whether our Indian system shall not be reno
deed. Many wise and good meu have impressed
Inc with the belief that this can be proftably
done.
submit statement of the proceedings Of the
commissioners, which shows the progress that
has been made in the enterprise of constructing
the Pacific Railroad; and this suggests the ear
liest completion of this road, and also the favor
able action ci Congress upon the projects now
pending before them for enarging the capacities
of tho gaeat canals in New York and Illinois, Us
being of vital aud rapidly increasing Importance
to the whole nation, and especially to the vast
interior region hereinafter to be noticed at some
greater length. purpose having prepared and
laid before you, at an early day, some interesting
and valuable statistical information upon this
subject
The military aud commercial Importance of
enlarging the Illinois aud Michigan canal and
improving the Illinois river is presented in the
report of Colonel Webster to the Secretary of
Var and now transmitted to Congress. re-
sptctfully ask attention to it.
To carry out the provisions Of the act of Com
gress of the 18th of May last, have caused the
Department of Agriculture Of the United States
TO be organized. The Commissioner informs me
that within the period of a few months this De-
pArtment has established an extensive system of
correspondence and exchanges both at home and
abroad, which promises to effect highly beneficial
results in the development of correct knowledge
OF recent improvements in agriculture, in the
Introduction of new products aud in the collec
ton of the agricultural statistics of the different
States. Also, that it will soon be prepared to
distribute largely seeds, cereals, plants, and cut
tings, and has already published and literally
.ltf Ia. in
ton Of a more elat crate report, which will in
due time be furnished, embracing some valuable
tests in chemical science, now in progress in the
laboratory.
The creation of this department was for the
more immediate benefit of u large class of our
most valuable citizens, and trust that the libe-
raj basis upon which it has been organized will
not only meet your appreciation, but that it will
realize, Mt no distant day, all the fondest antici-
patons of its most sanguine friends, and become
the fruitful source of advantage to oil our people
On the 22d day of September last, a procla-
nation was issued by the Executive, copy of
which is herewith submitted, In accordance
with the purpose expressed in the second para
graph of that paper, now respectfully call your
attention to what may be called "COmpensative
Emancipation"
A nation may be said to consist of its terrific
ry, its people, and its laws. The territory is
tho only part which is of certain durability
" One generation passeth away and another
generation cometh, but the earth abideth
forever"
1t is Of the first Importance to duly consider
and estimate this ever enduring part That
portion Of the earth's surface which is owned
and inhabited by tue people of the United
States is well adapted to be the home of one ma
tional family and it is not well adapted for two
or more. Its vast extent and it's variety of eli
mate and productions are Of advantage in this
age for one people, whatever they might have
been in former ages
Steam, telegraphs, and intelligence have
brought these 10 be an advantageous combination
for one united people. In the inaugural address
briefly pointed out the total inadequacy of dis
union as remedy for the differences between
the people Of the two sections. did SO in Ian
guage which l cannot improve, and which,
therefore, beg leave to repeat;
One section Of our country believes slavery
is right, and ought to be extended, while the
other believes it is wrong, and ought not to be
extended This is the only substantial dispute
Tie fugitive slave clause Of the Constitution aud
the law for the suppression of the foreign slave
trade are each as well enforced, perhaps, as any
laws can ever be iu q community where the
moral sense of the people imperfectly supports
the law itself. The great body of the people
abide by the dry legal obligations in both cases.
and a few break over in each. This l think
cannot be perfectly cured, aud it would be worse
in both cases. after the separation of the sectious
than before. The foreign slave trade, now i'm
perfectly suppressed, would be ultimately re-
viyed without restriction in one section, while
fugitive slaves, now only partially surrendered
would not be surrendered at all by the other
Physically speaking, We cannot separate. We
cannot remove our respective sections from each
other, nor build an impossible wall between
them A husband aud wife may be divorced and
IN nnt of the nrnsanne md hepnnh the reach of