Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1862-01-23

War-Re Aov. oal.s the Cause of sho south.
Yesterday evening Colonel Fuller delivered an ad
dress in ST James Hall, on the civil war in America
Although the capaci0us hall vas far from hled there
was rather large audience, amongst whom there we're
some of the most distinguished Americans at present
residing in this country The chair occupied by
Dr. Charls Mackay, who briefly introduced the lectu
rer as Colonel in the United States army and former
Iy editor of the New York Minor.
Colonel Fuller, after few Introductory remarks,
said that when on coming to the consideration OF The
fratricldal which ragged in America, he avoW-
ed himself follower Of Webster, the great admlrer
of the Union be should not be accused OF too great
Drocivity to secession. 10 discussing this subject on
which SO warmly end widely differed, he prop0-
sed to deal with facts without obtruding opinions or
hazardng predictions He well aware that he ran
the risk of giving sectional once IN speak on ques
ton which twenty millions the one side and zen NIL
lions on the other were dsputing at the point OF The
bay onet and which rendered every drawing room To-
rum aud every bar battle field he South as
serted r BIT which the North deniedlhe right OF Sc
cessioD On that be had little to say-it was ques
tiOn on which the greatest statesmen differed II vas
enough to say that the South had religious belief II
it, aDd1nost assuredy they had proved their faith by
their acts The causes Of dsuDion extended Tar back,
reaching beyond the foundation OF the government
in The fist place the American system was an lnccn-
gruous syeteUl. The universe Itself could not remain
entire With two supreme powers at the bead, and how
could America with her seveDtyour s0vereIgntls =
Tie first movement of the practical assertion claimed
10y the South was the taking OF Fort Sumter IN the
barbor OF Charleston, and the voluntary union Was Cs
solved, whilst the doctrine OF coercion was pre-
caimed at ashington and that doctrine was
cow preached by Federal cannon aud Federal bayoGets
The cause Of sec eSion dated far beyond the union OF
tie old thirteen States-bey0Ud even tie doctrine 0
se-goyernmcnt laid down in ire cabin Ct the Mayf0w
er and signed by thirty fugitive Pilgrims The North
vas settled by the Puritans, the South By the CaVa-
iers and 10 ths radical fsct lay the seeds CT perpetual
antagonsm. Next to the primary differences OF rell
gion aDd education tie differences caused by Gil
mate ard occupation. In the Nor,b men wo ked tor
living: IL tie South labor, which seldom u4u-
ry became less necessity. AIaDual labor was there
not only iIksome but degradlug aud thus while ID the
North the majority paid the penalty of mans disohsd'-
ence earning their bread by the sweat Of thelT brow
IN tue South they earned their bread by the sweat oi
their negroes Another cause the widely different
legislative policy. !he North sought FIR the protection
OF ber manufacturing interest the South was ioF tEee
tra4a--oken markets WITH all tie world.
This wes rather irarcial ticuty, and III every
CorgIess were found tariff and ant-tartf men lighting
ior their own pockets He would now come 10 the more
direct and immediate Of tie American diounion
and he pronounced it in one wordA oolIllonlsEn Aho
Iitiepism caused the war-Seccss.onsn precpta:ed it
This peculiar form OF AbOiitiObisD political, n0
social 1t was the Free Soil party, and not the phan
tbr0Dss OF Boston and Exeter Hall which bad driver
on secession.
The Free Soil party was opposed to the admission o
every State added two Numbers TO tie Senate who act
ed as check on the laws enacted for the aggrandZe
! n,ent of the Northern manufacturers. Sentiments
Abotonism had very few advocates 10 the Congress
and none in the Cabinet South Carolina wanted 10
manufactures of France and England duty ree aud dt
sired to pay fer them in ber cotton, without haV
ing it clipped at New York Oh its way to Manchester
Slavery too great question to be HIppantly dS
posed of at Exeter Hall, TO be Wi ped away by hos
who shed tears tba imaginary wrongs OF hctIhou
lIoA 10 Ff'Ito
very had ever existed in form or other The Sout
= proited by it, and retained 1t.
o The negro who could sleep like the black snake b.
l. meath the burning rays OF tropical sun, coud al0i
work proftably in the sugar fields Of the South Bt
{" slavery" says the phanthropss OF the North, is
y grevious wrong and being implicated in its coustit'
- tonaity, we will root it on So tney wased iratr
y cidal war that four millions Of Africans might be set
!; liberty to work. wander, steal or staIve
He could t-stify that happier, healthier, better It
or more lightly tasked class Of abOrefS than the slave
l.. he had never seen either in Europe Or America II
master who will -treat his slaves was everywi
tested and avoided. and the woman who dld
j. were sent to Coventry aud yet the Christians OF II
North refused to bO fellowship with tie savehoIde
Antagonism ripened into hatred, and the result WI
% open war. The malignant antislavery policy OF II
J. orth became organic when Mr. Llncoin was etctt
8 Presidept-h he who declared that the Statts must
g all !ree or all slave States" From the moment OF
election to the Presidency secession was toregone co
;e clusiOn.
,a Hayiap drawn vivid picture of the state Of popu
n feeling in the North and South after the taking OF FU
N SUMTER the lecturer proceeded to say that from To
IN moment he had never beard from or woman III Il
Il, South single word in favor OF reunion On the otn
is hand they showed Spartan determination to spel
of their last dollar and to shed their last drop OF blood
nj resist INVASION and the women stripped themseV
a. OF their jewels to equip the army OF their defenders
tx The Southern army composed OF all classes
n some regiments il not uGuSa TO see three geneT
7d tons grand father father and son of the Oldest ame
be and perhaps. army went into the held with
I'd large proportion Of we'll educated and wealthy gent
men, Men like these went into battle as ii they We
e entering on single combat and perhaps, 10 rner CO
or ceptiOn OF the state OF feeling IN the south coud
nd gained than from the words the spirit OF resistance
ot op to the dneIng point Women, priests and bishop
ed were enlisted n the cause, and the slaves ask
= permission of their to go and light tie aux
cb abotionists The Southern States consisted OF sev
ad States with territory of 10000 square miles.
at hope of reconciliation had passed away. Section "
arraYed against section, father against son, bEo;t
in against brother, There were Irish, French aud u
,st man regiments in the North; and there were lr!
If French and German regiments 10 the South. 1t "
raj no question Of race, blood religion that divided the
Let hin now refer to the elements OF the different arml
nv In he North there manufacturing and tradn
the South Was peculiarly agricultural. In couseqneE
ch of emigration the population OF the North emnra(
No. every nation tribe and people.
There were there swarms OF lny;ce, pauper5 a
m refugees and there the right of free suffrage gave pc
in, er which was dangerous element in the State To
rel stricted suffrage was The fsaCy. hen F0nuus PIT
gave the franchise to the people they elected Baraoo
,rt and from that day this there were thousands OF
ION stances dsprove tie popular dogma that be 70
ave OF The people is the voice of God The seeded Sta
no were conparatively free from the adnxufe of ore
OF ers There 100000 white held 100000 sav
mel The constitution of the Confederate States gran
in vas far superior to that OF the Federal States 1t