Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1862-02-21


TEMPERANCE HALL-Fourth grand cotilliOn
party Of Prof F. Barnes. A capital entertain
ment Is in anticipation.
SNIrHsoNIAN Lecture by Hon f.. d. Culver
OF New York, before the Washington Lecture
Asset alton, upon "The Rebellion, IFS Crime,
Cause. and Cure b"
Or. HAYES - THE SNITHsONIAS.-Last night,
Or. Hayes gave his fourth and last Smithsonian
lecture upon Arctic explorations to an immense
audience. The lecturer treated principally upon
The progress Of explorations in the Arctic regions
concluding with brief desert pton Of the religion
and government of the Esqulmaux. and exhibit
ing specimens of dress, animals, sledges, dc.
The Mortimer were the first Arctic explorers,
and penetrated as far east as the White Sea and
west to Iceland in the latter part Of the eighth
century. In 90 an Icelander named Eric dis
covered Greenland, and in 10Ol son OF Eric,
driven in storm from Greenland, discovered the
American continent, and II is believed travelled
south far as Maine, traces of settlements having
been found in Nova Scotia. When Columbus
made his discovery Of the western continent II
was supposed to be the east coast of Asia, and
Europeans at once set at work to find a passage
northward to the Indies. Cabot sailed from Eng
land soon after the discovery of this continent,
and penetrated TO the sixtieth degree north lati-
tude, where he was driven back by storms and
Ice. Other explorers set out on the same Grand,
prominent among whom were FrobiSher, Hud
son, Davis and Bafin, ali Of whom made i'm
pertant discoveries, and named many Of the bays,
Attempts were made from the northeast, north
west, and from the eastern extremity of Nova
Zembla by Barres. to find passage TO Asia, but
none got beyond 60k degrees Of north latitude,
until 1877, when SIX degrees were attained.
These regions became the favorite resort of the
whalemen, and in the 18th century the feet of
whalers at Spitzbergen numbered annually over
500 sail but now does not exceed % In the 10Th
and nth centuries the whalers congregated in
Bafhn's Bay TO the number of 800 or 400 annually
but this has also decreased very much. In 1918,
Ross, with two vessels, explored northward
through Bsfan's Bay, and In 1919 Parry went as
far west as Melville Island. Parry made several
other trials, and In 1927 reached as far as So de-
gTees IS minutes north latitude from SpitZbergen.
In lSl0 the Russians sent out two expeditions
from their northern coast, and found open water
p miles from the Siberian Islands, and fIom lC0
to $50 miles from the coast.
In the 18th century, Captain Cook attempted 10
find passage eastward from Behring's Straits,
BOT only reached Icy Cape and Cape North.
Other explorations were made, with no better
success until 1915, when Sir John franklin sailed
along the north coast Of America and entered
Lancaster Sound, where the expedition was lost
to the world until the relics Of the unfortunate
party were brought home, three years ago, by
Capt. McClintock. The fate Of Franklin was the
more disheartening from the fact that when
open water which had been previously explored,
and which would have enabled him to pass
through 20 Behring's Strait, thus accomplishing
the object OF his expedition. 1t 10 believed that
some OF Frankl!h's party are still living among
the Esquimaux, and an expedition headed by a
young man from Cincinnati is now in search of
them In 1850, Mcclure passed through Behr-
ing . straits, and within seventy miles of where
franklin was Lost, and finally succeeded in reach
ing the Atlantic; but IL was demonstrated thatthe
F5Sssge was not available as a commercial route.
In 1853 DIR. Kane, in search Of F rankin, passed
through Kennedy channel and explored the west
coast of Greenland to so degrees 56 minutes north
latitude, where he found open water. The lee
turer sailed In 1861 for the purpose Of navigating
this open II found but did not reach il in time
to enter H. He went as far as 81 degrees IS min
utes with his vessel, and then pushed on by land
attaining higher degree Of north latitude than
any othe: adventurer.
The lecturer concluded his account of expIora-
tons with an argument In standardization Of the
theory Of an open Of from two to three
thousand miles Ia diameter, and occupying an
area Of two or three millions Of square miles.
CRIMINAL CoURT.-Yesterday afternoon, Peter
Meyer, TIED on the charge Of receiving stolen
entered by the District Attorney In the third case
against the prisoner, and the Court proceeded to
sentence him; and In doing so took occasion to
advert to the evidence which disclosed the fact
that the prisoners house was such a notorious
depot for stolen property, that a mother had been
there TO expostulate with the proprietor for en-
couraging her children in d course Of crime, by
buying from them articles known to be stolen
property. The prisoner, in the case OF Wednes-
day, ian amount less than S5) was sentenced to
three months imprisonment in jail and to pay a
fine Of 81. In the case Of Yesterday, he was SEN
fenced 70 three years imprisonment in the peni-
Tertiary, to take effect from and after the expira-
ton Of the first sentence.
The case Of Nicholas Thields, indicted for
stealing pistol valued at $40 from Frederick
Beck was then taken up. Mr.. McNeir appeared
az counsel for defense. The witnesses for the
prosecution being Frederick Beck, his comrade
Burgner and Sergeant Nolan, all belong to CON-
pany b, 5th cavalry. The evidence Of the two
first was to the effect that they two were out on a
jellihcation. and Beck being, as his comrade tes-
tifed. not drunk but Intoxicated, gave to Burgner
his pistol 70 keep. They went to Mary Heisler's,
and while there row occurred when the two
Tetreated Burgner was pursued by two men,
one Of whom pinioned his arms, and the other
took the pistol ont Of his pocket He recognized
the prisoner at the bar as one Of the men.
Sergeant Nolan, Unidentified the pistol, The
witness Occasioned little merriment by his reply
toa question Of the counsel.
Mr.. MeNeir. "Did I understand you to say
Your name was Mr.. Nolan,
witness, promptly. mo sir. There are no
Nolan -
Nr. McNeIr. "There are plenty Of Mister.
about hereD
The trial was not concluded when the Court
adjourned.
The NEws IN CAMP we have glowing &c.
counts Of the manner In which the intelligence OF
the recent victories was received In the variou,
eneamPments about this city. At Halls Hill
where Gen. Martinsdale's brigade Is eucamped
the General himself read the ofaciaI dispatches
on Monday, about o'clock, In the presence OF
about 1, 900 men Of his command. Breathless ST.
lenes Pervaded that large army Of brave men,
while the brilliant conduct Of their brother, In
the West and South was being announced 10
them. But when the General gave the word
NOW let II go, boys" such a scene Of enthusi.
asm az followed was, perhaps, never before wit
messed. Four thousand caps were swinging in
the air, and four thousand stentoriaz lungs sent
cheer after cheer the hills and valleys Of the
"Old Dominion" in honor Of VIII al has been done
The predominant sentiment Of the army Of the
Potomac 10 an impatient deHre TO win similar
laurels in their own feld.-/.Sx. CkonieIs.
SECOND RHODE ISLAND REsINKNr-The gal
lant officers and men Composing the Second Revi-
ment OF Rhode Island Volunteers, at Camp
Bhghtwood, Seventh street, near Rock Greek
Church, have, with CHARACTERISTIC patriotism. re-
solved 10 celebrate the approaching anniyersary
OF Washlngton's Birthday In q spirited and an
propriate manner. The programme announces a
national salute NATIONAL and patriotic airs by the
band; prize shooting; address by the Hon Wil-
liam p. SheMeld, Of Rhode Island: Professor
Sweets surprising skill on the tight rope; broad
sword exercise; foot race; and the whole 10 close
with Rhode Island clam chovder, which only