Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1862-02-07

piorauons.I frevloCe 70 the lecture, Prof.. Henry,
Secretary Of the Institution, made a few highly
interesting appropriate to the subject
and especially with regard to the scientific i'm
portance OF the voyage Of DR.. Hayes. When the
expedition was fitted out IL was Enormously Oh
jected TO on the ground that 1t would develop
nothing new, and would prove an exposure OF
human life TO no purpose. The result proved far
the reverse. and gave 10 scletce the beneft % Dr.
HHYea' observations With the pendulum, (by
which the relative force Of gravity was deter
mined, y and on the tides, Of the atmosphere,
direction Of the wind, temperature, &c. With
regard to the latter, new theorYwas established,
relative to the influence OF The moon upon 1t. At
full moon II was found the cold was most In
tense. This phenomenon was mo:S singular
from the fact that ;ne moon, with other planets,
.eaect the heat OF the SUM bot 10 was subsequent.
ly demonstrated that the reflected heat SERVES To
aissipete the vapots and clouds Of the atmosphere,
thereby permitting the warmth Of the earth TO
ascend. The observations of kane, MeClintock,
and Hayes were being worked out and discussed
infinitely here In America, but in England nothing
but the popular .ex positions had ever been given
put, 90 that the United states will epioy the dis
hnotion OF presenting to the scientific world tie
most elaborate and reliable charts and descrip-
items Of the Polar regions
Dr. Hayes, after briefly reviewing his previous
Lecture took up his narrative where the party
about to leave their winter quarters. Want of
space will not admit Of giving more than q very
rose to them on the 18th OF February, and they
were soon ready for trip over the ice. On the
18th Of March, Dr. Hayes, accompanied by two
persons with sledges and dogs, set out on an e1-
petition northward. They took with them 400
pounds Of provisions, consisting Of dessicated
beef and potatoes, and a supply Of necessaries
which, including extra clothing, lamb, buffalo
robes, &c, did not exceed twenty-five pounds
Travelling over the Ice az rapidly az possible and
upon one occasion breaking through into the sea
with the thermometer at thirty degrees below
zero, they reached the old winter quarters Of DR..
Kane. Nothing was found Of the wreck Of the
Advance save a piece Of board, and huge Ice
berg rested where the vessels ruined hulk had
been left. The pyramid erected over the grave Of
some Of DR.. Kane's party had been destroyed, and
the records buried there, carried of by the Esqui-
maux In search Of plumber.
Upon returning to his vessel DR.. Hayes found
all ready for start and leaving three persons In
charge Of the schooner, with eleven com panions,
left their winter quarters on the 4th of April 1861
In the midst of gaiety and lively mirth. Two Of
the party managed the sedges, and the remaining
ten dragged the boat upon sled. Their colors
was a white flag with crimson star in the center,
and the motto . Find a way, or make wR"
They also took with them small national Nag
which had accompanied a southern exploring
party to the most extreme point Of discovery, and
which, In visiting the northern regions, had
hoated over more territory than any other flag in
existence. This is now In the possession of Mr..
Henry Grinnell.
In the FIRST nine hours they travelled q miles,
but afterwards they met with so many Obstacles
that they sometimes did not exceed half mile a
day. Each day was divided into eight hours for
travelling, ten hours for sleep, and the remainder
Of the time spent at their meals lunches, &c. At
night, their house was prepared by digging pit
IN the snow four feet deep and eig hteen by seven
feet squire, across which two poles were placed
and on these the sled. Over this was spread a
canvas covering, and the whole buried to the
depth of two or three feet with snow. India rub
Der cloth, buffalo robes and blankets were spread
upon the door, upon which the party stretched
themselves, each mans feet lying alongside his
neighbours head. These houses would soon be-
come warm and comfortable, sometimes attaining
degree OF temperature as nigh as 81 deg above
zero, while 1t was many degrees below outside.
The atmosphere never became impure in these
houses, as all impurities are absorbed by the
snow, and the air constantly kept fresh and
wholesome. After travelling three weeks In this
manner, 1t was found impossible for the whole
party to proceed further, and all were sent bac K
save three persons, who pushed on with Dr. Hayes
In fourteen days only forty miles were made,
so bad was the travelling, and II finally became
necessary TO carry on half their provisions &c D,
to point on their route on one day, build their
house, and the next day return for the remainder,
and after spending the second night at the same
place, proceed again In similar tedious and
wearisome manner.
man Of the party gave out, and as the dogs were
also becoming OF little use, DR.. Hayes and an
other person were compelled TO harness them
selves to the sledges. After travelling 80 miles In
this manner, DR.. Hayes, with only single COM
panion, and four days rations, pushed on, leaving
the disabled man in charge Of an attendant. Six.
ty miles from the invalid and his companion,
and with but single days ration, DR.. HAYES
ward journey; but their dogs had become so ex-
hausted that they were compelled to walk the
entire distance.
By this trip the most northern land on the globe
ever discovered was found and explored, together
with 700 miles Of shore line over which the Stars
and Stripes then for the first time waved. The
point thus attained was 81 deg and 40 min. north
latitude, the highest ever before attained being
that Of DR.. Kane, 70 deg. and 81 min. north latf-
tude. Following back upon their old route, the
party finally reached their vessel with but seven
dogs left, Of pack Of fourteen, and having trav-
eled, In sixty days, over !, 400 miles Two weeks
were spent at Port Hope making observations and
collecting specimens; and after vainlv striving to
pass Cape Isabella on another tour Of exploration,
ton turned their faces homeward On their route
back they surveyed Jones' Sound and the north
shore line Of Bafin's Bay for a distance of 1900
miles. In Bafhn's Bay they fell in with a sail,
and at the station In Greenland the only reply
they got to their eager inquiries was "The South
States 60 away from the North States, and plenty
Of fight" The papers there brought news Of the
Inauguration Of President Lincoln, but nothing
Of war.
Fastening on their homeward route, in the midst
Of q severe gale they deserted vessel but after
running across her bows II was found that thew
could not make themselves heard. Marking upon
piece Of canvass the question sIs there 1ar!p
the reply was given In the same manner, Yes
and the vessels parted. Running into Halifax for
repairs, the news Of the war burst upon them at
once In all It's magnitude, and after short delay,
the good schooner United States made the harbor
Of Boston, her old home, on the 23d of October,
1861, after an adventurous cruise Of over fifteen
months.
The lecturer felt special satisfaction with the
result Of his geographical observations and sur
veys OF Grinnel's land, the most northern discov.
cry, and named In honor Of Mr.. Grinnell, whose
assistance had proved Of such signal service to
the expedition.
CRIMINAL CouRr.-Yesterday, Benjamin Frank.
lin johnson (colofed) was convicted In the two
cases Of larceny for which he was tried-in con-
nsction with the robbery Of letters belonging to
the LIST Long Island Regiment He has now
therefore, been found guilty In three several cases
Of larceny.
Patrick Cady, indicted for an assault and bat.
terry on VIM. Harmon, was acquitted.
Mark Evans, tried for the larceny Of thirteen
dollars from John Adams, was acquitted.
Adjourned.
SMALL NoTRs IN WASHING oN.-The bill in
uoduced In the Senate Yesterday by Mr.. Grimes
and referred TO the committee on The District of
Columbia, relative 10 the issue Of small notes au-
thorizes the Corporation Of Washington to issue
and reissue notes Of less denomination than 1--WE
A-NNA