Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1862-08-09
The other Salmon of this Territory

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Cooper, are weak tooth Salmon, white
Salmon, silver winter, square tailed,
spring or tyee, hook nosed Is. Scouleri]
hump backed rs. Proteus] dog Salmon,
rs. Canis] Satsup or Salmoargyrens,
Salmo Gibbii or spotted Salmon trout,
Salmo Spectatlis, Salmo Clarkii, S.
StelIatus, and S. Levisii. The great
space occupied in thc report devoted to
the description of the Salmonidae, re-
moves the necessity of my giving any
further notice of that family, except to
notice that there are other varieties Of
Salmon not described by those gentle
men which will probably be mentioned
by some future naturalist. l will there
fore pass on to those varieties of fish
that l have seen taken by the Indians
here, some of which have been partially
described, and others not at all.
First, the Cod Fish. There are scv-
eral varieties of fish taken at the mouth
of Fuca Straits called Cod,- these
the variety called by the Indians "Car-
dartIe is the true Newfoundland Cod.
The Cod fish about the cape arc much
larger than those taken farther up the
Sound, but owing to the great depth of
water about the entrance to the Straits,
the natives take them in limited guam
titles. The past season more were ta-
ken than usual and some $500 pounds
were sent to market, both dried and
picked. Farther north the Cod fish
abounds. 1t is also of great size, and
if our citizens would fit out fishing YES
sells similar to those Of the bank fisher
men that sail from Massachusetts and
Maine, and let them go north as far as
Sitka and fish on the various banks, l
feel certain they would make good re-
turns. The goldfish on tlisdc0ast were
noticed as early as 1916, and mentioned
by Mr.. Bucarelli, the viccroy of New
Spain, in his report to the Spanish gov
crnment relative to the discoveries
made by the Spaniards in 1774. lie
says "thc coast abounds with whales
and a species of fish equal to tho
New FounG'ana cod
The Goldfish taken up The Sound are
They arc undoubtedly the young fish,
as they resemble the large fish in every
particular.
CULTUs CoD.-Toosm Kow. (.Uacah.)
Another species of fish called by the
Whites "Cultus Cod,' and by the In.
dians "Toosh-kow," resembles the
true cod in general appearance, but diff
fers from it in many material respects.
The dorsal fin extends from the head
to the tail. This and all the fins are
thick and gclatinous and good eating
1t also is without the teat under the
lower jaw which all true goldfish have.
Its jaws are armed with strong hook
teeth, and it is so voracious and tena-
cious of it's hold that the natives take
it without using hooks. They simply
tie small fish to the line for bait.
which being seized bv the "toosh.kow"
is held with a bulldog grip till i: is
pulled into tie canoe and knocked on
the head by the Indian. This cod has
a portion of fat mixed into its flesh
which is not the case with the true cod
the liver only Of the true cod con-
tains fat. The liver of the cultus cod
contains none. The meat of this fish
varies in color from pure white to
grecnish blue, when fresh it is excellent
eating, but when dried the oil it con-
tains imparts to it a peculiar flavor
which, to some persons is exceedingly
disagrecable. This fish, when picked,
is very good, but poor stuff when dried.
It is taken in great quantities by the
Indians aud attains large size.
BLACK CoD.-BE.SuowE. (Macah)
This is IL fish never before described.
It is taken by the Indians during the
summer months only, and then but sci.
dom. 1t is caught in tho deep waters
at the mouth of Fuca straits in 10 or
80 fathoms. It is called cod by tho III
dians, but I think it an entirely differ
ent species. have only seen speci.
mems that had been split for drying,
but they appeared to me to resemble
hake, more than cod. The color of the
skin is black, and tho meat very white
and very fat like mackerel. l have
eaten some broiled, and the taste was
like halibut fins. Those that saw
would average ten Or twelve pounds in
weight.
RED Rock FIsH.-KLAY.HAP-PAnK.
This fish looks like the Groupee of
San Francisco. It is large, with coarse
sc.les, aud coarse grained meat, it is
good fried or bro,led. 1t is not a cod,
although called so by the whites.
BLACK OR NOTIFIED Rock FIsH.-1sA-
BAR-WHAR.
THE fsh sirourlv resembles the rock