The New York herald., 1862-03-25

which Parliament had full notice and 10 which Pars
that tho principle the flag shall not cover the
goods essential TO tho effective conduct OF mari
time war by this country why was abandoned at tho
commencement Crimean and no voice raised
against it during the continuance Of that war; Ths
honorable gentleman overlooked that important element
The honorable member for Northumberland mr. Liddel
did not altogether approve Of the nsOdu oeran
OF tho honorable gentleman who made this motion;
hculty in establishing a. binding engagement be-
tween two belgerents and with respect To the case OF
America, s said that the government Of the United
certain others. But II Ae United States of America ap
proue 50 htahly Of ne principle Of not capsr,no
principle Nth respect TO the Southss States p (Hear,
hear) Here is fine opportunity the government OF
war asas assaa Sn
voved why not act that principle oncsY No doubt
it is said that the southernsrs rebels, but the
change of prisoners and in tho matter Of bockades
they been treated In all respects bellgerents
II that be the case why does not the government OF
my's gOodss Hear hear.) strongly suspect that the
evaporation which EXISTS teceen those t'oo contending
pos rsds any S"yoraSs sn .%nsr or y :
berland seems not altogether to trust to this plan OF
mutual forbearance by belligcrents during war, and
he proposes that England should CALI congress [Mr.
Lddell.--"Invite congress."l Well, that We should
invite the nations OF Europe to meet in congress and thas
we should submit to this congress the question raised
TO- nights debate But. then he annexed q condition
which afraid If strictly fulfilled would rendcr the
converting Of the congress somewhat remote event. bee
cause he said that necessary condition that tho
parties composing the congress should not be actuaed BY
any special national interests but have solely in Wow
with the history Of congresses does not Iced
me TO anticipate that 1t il extremely easy 70 form
congress upon that condition, and l am afraid
which the members are wholly regardless Of
tho interests Of thor own respective nations, and
are devoted TO promoting the universal happiness OF the
world the meeting must be postponed until the Greek
Kaends (Hear.) His proposal no doubt, is philan-
thrOpic and well meant PROPOSAL but 1t only shows tho
which the subject incumbered and tho
necessity Of further before the House
with any propriey agree TO the adoption will not say
of the honorable members resolution, but of resolu
tion embodyng the result of his arguments AS TO the
resolution really do not know that feel difficulty
in saying that any branch Of international law Is Hide.
fined because every branch be ids fined as It is
law laid down by legislature and only TO be
conntres and the writings of different text writer's.
In q certain international law may always
be said to be illdenned At the same time l really
believe that any part of international law Is better de-
fined than another the question relating procedure
soizng different classes Of goods belonging to different
nations particularly since the Declaration OF Paris
There is another part OF the question upon which the
honorable baronet the member for Dundak much insisted
and which know he has often brought forward in dis
cussion. II is mentioned In able pamphlet which
have doubt many honorable members have read and
unless receives examination is calculated TO mako an
We ought to assimiate the laws OF maritime 70 the
laws Of land warfare. If tho House will pes-
what strength is due to that argument. I
IS sad in the first place that al private property is
spared land begin S n:.
that by the laws Of land warfare recognized by tho
most civilized nations, and according TO Me most vesNf
onlv 80 far AZ 4 ss he present convenience Of n. So
rent drmits. believe there mover army under
BY
there greater disposition TO spare the country
which the theatre Of tho war than the Duke Of Wei
lington's army during tho Peninsuar What was
the practice Of that aryf When they arrived at vii
lage night the proper ocor told out certain number
va. '0' used for s
mems suppers That certainly not very remarkable
respect for private property Hear) Such are tie
cessties OF war. The army must have food. and the
food must be cooked They cannotcarry fuel with them,
and they cannot carry fuel they must take Il. With
regard the armies OF the French empire, aaybody
who has only super ia acquaintance with the subject
must know the extent to which the system Of plunder-
ing conquered countries was carried do not bel,evs
that there il on record single campaign In which pr
vate property has been respected. No doubt IL re-
spected to extent in recent times than In the
Years. War and the wars Of Louis w. there
is NO question We have advanced considerably
by tho forbearance Of belligerent Powers, and
more humane and more civilized maxims have prevail
cd But it is not by treaties compacts between be
gerent Powers or by such resolutions as this that this
result has been produced. has beon produced by the
general softening Of manners and tho general improve
mcnt Of humanity. We may hope that similar results
will be produced in maritime warfare, but they will not
be produced The which tho honorable member
points out Hear hcar In the FIRST place. deny the
truth OF tho principle that private property IL respected
in land warfare There is another important DISTINCTION
between land and maritime warfare, upon which
the whole question may be considered 70 turn
When you conquer country you conquer It's
government, and when you have conquered ITO
government you have conquered that engine by
hans the language which have used may be somewhat
homsly nevertheless, II does express the exact TRUTH
(cheersl And II any gentlemen will inquire what hap.
battle jena and the French conquest by Napoleon h0
will learn that the French possessed in the Pussisn
crnment most efficient engine for plundoring that
trv remember hearing at Berlin IN 1882 from persons
well informed upon the subject, that there were still
provinces OF the Prussian monarchy in which the breed
Of agricultural horses had not yet been restored
that as illustration Of the way in which tho govern
ment raise contributions In conquered country.
With regard to tho there Is similar engine
There is no government which exercises any
power at sea. The merely the hi9hwoy Of nations.
On IN cay in ,ohich LeSy,nt exercise any control
orer NE property Of ,nenies u ding on the sea IL By capture
In means of armed shs With regard to tho question Of
asmating land warfare and sea warfare tho real as.
sniation effected by the declaration OF Paris when
this country surrendered the right OF private warfare
when this country abolished prvateoring. (Chee So
There is analogy between land and of
which the honorable gentleman is in search. We do not
permit single private individual to 90 out plumber
ING expedition We confinc the the army OF
the state. At the same time, We do not restrain
that army seizing private property whenever such
pcrson to punder his We used TO allow
him to plumber his account at by granting lot
tes OF marque. That principle We have abandoned and
II uniortunaicya had happened with tho Unit =
states do think II likely should have had re-
To the system OF prvatcerng against the United
states although they parties TO the declaration
Of Paris. iIIear hcar Think this country has dfn,,,uy
rsoapced Me principle Of rrirdteerng To that extent am
aute ready 10 agree assmate land warfare and mari
time warfare but do not assent TO the honorable gen.
tlcman proposition that the armed ships of country
not 10 be allowed take merchant ships With feet
at Portsmouth or Plymouth TO arow enemies ships'to
40 in and out FREQ from capture seems 10 me 10 be
carrying the doctrine Of iorbearance In time OF war
10 an absurd point. (ear, hear) II Is almost like inter-
dieting ourselves from the ue Of gunpowder or ordnance
in time of OF course we may, II we think nt. re-
vatrers but by armed ships, II the opinion Of tho
civilized world condemned the practice. But, think
the farse would to unwise and premature de-
cison f-upon a vague generality, more formula which
really might admit OF any construction but which Is 10
recsiyc peculiar Interpretation from the speech Of tho
honorable member who moves tho resolution, while II
may receive various interpretations from the dercnt
persons who support it-they wore TO call upon tho 60
yerurnent 10 subscribe TO principle liable to such for
midabe and weighty objections (iear, hear.)
Mr. T. BAniSc-Sir have listened with some surprise
10 tho speech OF tho right honorable gentleman tho
secretary for war. The right honorable gentleman.
b..