davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1862-08-01

! FsarsfEau ERuEyers and Private CRtszens
/ Captured By tie Eaesny'
From the Richmond Whigl
The following important correspondence has
taken place between Senator Clarke OF MIS-
/ souri, and the Secretary of War. Iha threats
of the enemy and the proclamations OF some % %
thsir generals as to the treatment TO be neas1
out to partisan rangers, and tho cruelty OF thelI
conduct in many cases toward private cltlzehs,
render i! important that the country should
know officially how these things are Regarded
/ by the administration. The explanshon OF the
Secretary OF War answers this end. 1he enemy l,y
may % well take note Of Whst he says Of the
! LeE Taii0nis--the law Of retaliation
CoRREsPON NDENoE-
sPorswooDs HOUSE.
RICHMOND July 10, 1907
Hon. George w. Randolph, Secretary Of War
SB; respectfully desire 20 know ifom you'
whether the several partisan corps OF rangers
now organized, or that may be organized IN the
several States of the Confederacy, are TO be re-
yarded as part Of the army OF ths Contederacys
/ and pr5.sc.ed by the government as suen and
whether. IL any of said corps ere captured N
bsttle or otherwise, while N the l;ne OF their
duty bv the enemy this government Will claim
for Them the same treatment as prisoners OF war
which is now exacted for prisoners belonging
| to our provisional army Are not al corps of
PARTISAN 1+Ilse4af A--I-Iu ~ -
amphatically q part of the Confederate army,
and viii they not be regarded and treated as
such
I consider that It IS aot only tts right but the
da.y Of every loyal citizen in the Confederate
Stayes, to resist, by all meanes in his power,
even TO the death if necessary, the attempt of
the enemy in a body, or singly, to invade his
doncile. or to capture his person. or that of his
v16s. child, wsrd or servant, or to take from
him, acsinst his VIII, any Of his property; and,
fin making such resistance, whether armed or
not. cur citizens are captured by such an invad-
ing enemy IS other prisoners of war, and will
not this government exert all its power ii neces-
sary, to the end that its citizens are thus pro-
tected and treated
This is a war waged against the sovereignty
Of the several States of the Confederacy, and
gains. the lives liberty, and property of every
citizen yielding allegiance to the States and
government Of their choice in which they reside
slch q war has no parallel in the history of
Christian rations.
/ respectfully request you to give me your
opinions on the several points in this letter IN
form to be submitted TO my constituents, to en-
lgaten them in regard 10 the extent Of their
rights and powers g viewed by this govern
ment, and how far their government will pro
tect them IN the exercise of those rights, which,
10 an intelligent freeman, are dearer than life
itself
Your early answer is respectfully requested
With great respect,
(Signed) JOHN B. CLARK.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1862-08-01
The Yankee Cavalry FOruy.

.
Beaver Dam, where the Yankees made a raid
a day OF two since, is forty miles from Richmond,
and three miles from the line of Louisa county.
/ Most of the buildings of the locality were used
| for railroad purposes, and except as q way sta
ton on the Cen RAJ route Beaver DaEI has here
tofore possessed no special Importance. Within
a circle Of g few miles, however, reside many
! persons of wealth and influence, and it was ap-
! pretended that the enemy, had they come down
| in any force, would not have departed without
! INDUCING their usual propensity for robbery and
| pillage; but 50 far as we have been able to
| ascertain, this apprehension has not been
realized.
Mr. Duke, the telegraph operator st the juno
ton, took hand car on Sunday evening, and
proceeded up as near ss possible 10 Beaver Dam
! station, where he learned that the Yankees had
| taken their departure, after having done as
/ much injury to the railroad as possible during
/ the brief period Of their visit. They burned
/ the depot, offices, water tank, and a large
| quantity Of wood, and tore up tho track in
! several places. The telegraph operator at the
1 station, Mr.. Smith, was captured, but we under
stand that he succeeded in making his escape.
| They manifested strong desire TO make a
Esisoner of Col. Fontsine, the president of the
railroad, who tesides in the vicinity but in this
/ they did not succeed Il was doubtless their
idea that IN eifectiug he destruction Of the rail
road they could strike no more fatal blow than
to capture a gentleman who has been closely
/ Identified with its interests from the first mo
ment of lis existence; but they were either too
/ cowardly or too weak to complete a work, so
| boldly and impUdenty begun, and the result of
1 the foray amounts to nothing more than de-
struction Of some little property and Temporal
" public inconvenience. 1t is believed that the
Yankee cavalry engaged in this work were not
more than l50 strong, though there were probably
more within reinforcing distance Although
we have Intelligence that the greater portion of
! the enemy ) troops have been Withdrawn from
Fredericksburg, there is no doubt that they have
parties securing through the country below, and
| information communicated to them by spy
quite naturally led to this descent upon the rail
road at Beaver Dam.
LATER-THE ROAD OPEN.
No train was sent West from the Central de-
pot yesterday, but dispatch was received last
evening from Col. Fontaine announcing that the
enemy had left the neighborhocd, and that the
| necessary repairs to the road had been made.
Consequently a train will leave for S.aunton
this morning at the usual hour, and we have
reason to believe that travel viii not again be
iuteruDted
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1862-08-01

We were very near winding up the list of the
principal acts Of this Congress By a law which
If passed, would have been tn. browning point
Of the mistakes Of the session.
Except for q little technical difficulty, raised
at the last moment Congress would have reeog-
nized, and sdmitsed into the Uaion, the State Of
ksnaUhs, composed of the western counties Of
Virginia. This act was nothing less than sus-
tanning, in the most solemn manner the right Of
secession. The fact that the House never per
ceivsd this, chSrscterizss in the most startling
manner, the temper Of mind that has presided
over al its sittings. Il vain do we look for a
trace Of one general principle Of eonduct-of
one fixed system-Of any one plan, carsfHlly
matured.
Everything bears the impress Of iueOheEeucs
and hurry. Votes have been csstiu the passion
Of the moment, or under the spur Of necessity
and bills sHs piled uc, without any oAe caring
to consider what srs to be their results as
whole. The consequence is, that almost with
cut knowing it, She conditions essential to the
existence Of the country have been completely
uptGraed, and the constitution tampgred with in
twenty different ways; they have opened the
road to a formidable Capitalization; invested The
Administration with an almost bouudless power,
soon to SOW tbs seeds of endless struggle be-
tween it Sud the Satss-cTsased, in q word, al
manner Of troubles fof she future without par
rying etfsctaally one single present danger.
While they constantly talk Of nstructug
what once existed, they seam 90 have made it
their particular business to make that recon
sIucIOn impossible; and while declaring
that there are no loBger party distinctions, Re
publcAnism has had no thought other than to
aggrandizs its own party. And it is in this
selfish all-absoTbinE idea that we must find the
explanation Of an ineIcUssble confusion Of
measures that DO not deserve the name Of legis-
latiOn. Had they been less ssger to take alvan-
tags Of their ephsmeral power, the majority OF
the Congress would have kRoTa that, far from
saving the country, they were compromising her
every interest, her prestige in the eyes Of the
world, and every guarantee for the future, polit-
ical as well as material
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1862-08-01

WASHINGTON, July 22.-Tho following order
from the President was yesterday embodied in
q genral order from tho acknowledgement United
States army, and transmitted to the command
ers of the different military departments
Representations having been made to the
President by the ministers of various foreign
powers in amity with the United States that the
subjects of such powers have during thepTesent
instruction been obliged orrequired by the mill
tary authorities to take an oath Of general or
qualified allegiance to this government, it is the
duty of all aliens residing in the United States
to submit to and obey the laws, and respect the
authority Of the government.
For any proceedings or conduct inconsistent
with this obligation and subversive of that au-
thority, they may rightfuly be subjected to mill
tary restraints when this may be necessary; but
they cannot be required to take an oath Of ale
glance to this government, because it conflicts
with the duty they owe to their own soyereigns.
All such obligations heretofore taken are there
fore RENTED and annulled.
Military commanders will abstain from imp0s-
ing similar obligations in future and will in leu
thereof adopt such other restraints of the char
acser indicated as they shall find necessary con
venient and effectusl for the public safety.
1t is further directed that when anyorder shall
be made affecting the personal liberty OF an alien
reports of the same, and Of tho causes thereof
shall be made TO the War Department for the
consideration of the Department of State.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1862-08-01
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA,
WAR DEPARTMENT,
Llr-l.LnNn InL.. lk :

RICHMOND, July Is, 1862 }
Hon. john B. Clarke, c. S. Senate:
SIR: I have the honor to acknowledge the re-
csipt Of your letter of the 18th inst. and to re-
ply, that partisan rangers are part Of the
provisional army of the Confederate States,
subject TO all the regulations adopted for its
government, and entitled to the same protection
as prisoners Of war. Partisan rangers are in
no respect different from troops of the line, ex-
cept that they are not brgsded, and are EN-
Dl0yed oftener on detached service. They re-
quirs stricter discipline than other troops TO
make them efficient, and without discipline they
become q terror to their friends and contempt
bic in the eyes Of the enemy.
With reference 10 your inquiry as to the pro-
tectiou which tas government will extend TO
private citzans taken in hostile acts against the
enemy, it Is nc easy to lay down general rule.
War. as conducted BIZ civilized nations is gsU-
ally O contest between the respective govern
meuss of The bsllgerents, and private individ-
Ual7 remaining quietly at home are respected in
their gights.of person and property. In return
for this privilege they are expected to take no
part in hostltias unless called on by their gov
arnulantr
i, however, in violation of this usage, pri-
vate citizens of Missouri should be oppressed
and ma.Tea4sd by the public enemy, they have
unquestiOnably right to take arms in their
U "a NItcAAcC' tt-LA II a4lA SOLLtAoA
the enemy under such circumstances, they ara
entitled, as citizens of the Confederate States,
to all the protection which that government can
afford, and among the measures to which it may
be Deedful to resort, Is that of the icr taJi0His
We shall deplore the necessity Of retaliation,
as adding greatly to the miseries CT the war,
wiLh0u! advancing its objects, and, therefore, we
shall act with great circumspecsion, and only
upon facts clearly agceItained; but if it is our
only means Of compelling the observance Of the
usages Of civilized warfare, we cannot hesitate
to resort to it when the proper time arrives.
Very respectfully, your ob'dt sery't,
GEO. w RANDOLPH,
SecratarY Of War.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1862-08-01
VOLUME XIII, NO. 1872.

mary arrests the suspension Of the habeas corpus,
| the restrictions upon the liberty Of the press,
| are necessities Of the occasion which we neither
misappTehend nor dispute. But still it is surely
reasonable that, even in their inevitable apDli-
I cation, such measures should be restrained by
certain conditions--be under some control. If
what has passed during the past fifteen months
/ is TO form a precedent, as necessary couse-
quenee the administration can ct its pleasure
suspend in fact the guarantees Of The Oonsdtu-
ton, while it reserves the power Of denying that
it has done any such thing-sincs no one can
object to any proclamation or decree which it
pTomulgstss. According to this system, it is
bound to give no previous notice to the citizens
eonesFning the rule to which they are to be sub
jeetsd, nor to lender any account to the national
representatives Of acis, the unparalleled nature
Of which places th.rn in soms degree beyond the
law. The latitude with which Congress by its
silence has invested ths President in this regard,
is still more unlimited and more dangerous than
the powers which hsvs been explicitly conferred
upon him on other points.
".
We now reach the financial measures. Here
a simple enumeration suffiees for isst sppTeci-
alton Of the situation. In eight months We have
had A duty on tea and coffee. A ftst issue Of
9 hundred and fly millions Of paper rsoney.
A second issue Of a similar amount, with this
in additOn-that thirty-fvs milhsns will be
issued in notes Of one, two, and three doilsTs.
The tax bills, inauguTsting a. ons blow a TAX On
revenue, tsI on Tscsipts, stamp tax and a
tax On manu- laetuges. A tariff raised 70 almost
prohibition rates The treasury turned into a
surssu Of depasits- The Inauguration Of 3
national paper currency which Tbs government
declines to receive II payment OF duties Lastly,
at the last moment, tho transformation Of post
age stamps into legal currency, equivalents to
the creation Of iduciary circulation descend
ing sufficiently low to replace copper money.
There never has been seen in 80 shsrt tine
so complete a subyeTsion Of the economical and
commercial condition Of q country free to those
who take for their motto 3 seTvle adulation of
whatever is done at Washington, and who 20
into raptures over the benefits Of tie system
with which those in authority have endowed as
Bat even we're we without the teachings Of his
tory, Whist we have seen thus far does not give
Us much promise for the future. We DO not a5-
nit that the measure resorted to to meet the ne
cessities Of the time, were abe only ones, or even
the best, that could be found.
More foresight at the start and loss obs.inacy
in concesling the Fesl demands Of the war until
the last moment would easily have plaeed less
dangerous resources at their disposal, While a
little more reflection would have suggested other
means Of raising revenue.
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1862-08-01

EFFECT OF HALLECK's APPOINTMENT
The Presidents order, announcing General Hal
leck as conmander-in-chief Of al the land
forces, causes but little surprise though opinion
in well-informed circles had inclined rather to
the belief that he was only to direct the cam
! paign in Virginia. It is known that this was
the main object of bringing him here, and MAX
ing his duties more general is regarded as one
of Mr. Lincoln's shrewd ways Of avoiding un-
pleasant feelings by making arrangements to
which nobody can object.
The date of the Presidents order is signif-
cant He returned from his visit to Mcclellan 5
army on the 10th, and the order was written on
the 11th-NortlieTH Paper
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1862-08-01

Besides those relating directly to slavery, the
mcst important political acts of Congress are the
law intended to punish rebellion, and that which
places in the hands of the President an almost
unlimited power in regard to an appeal to arms.
The first of these laws inaugurates at the
outset, on American soil, the modes Of punish
ment which European civilization is gradually
doing away with; il erects the political scaffold
and borrows from the Austrian Code the priu-
ciple OF sequestration of property What is
more, We ow8 it entirely to Mr.. Lincoln that a
pure and simple act of cOnfscation was not
adopted The mast natural and least odous
penalty Ia such cases, exile, which combines the
chasssement Of the guilty with the rights Of
humanity and the safety of tho State, should
certainly have had precedence ever those DracO-
nisn penalties for which America has so long
reproachod the Old World. It had, however, as
excuse, the tyrannical power Of RsditiOn, which
makes the work of repudisting the past both
difficult and slow. Il Is a bad lesson and an
unfortunate argument which the young AmeTi-
can repubIic now furnishes to the European
mOnarchies. at the jump, and on the frst Occa-
sion, she goes as far as any one else in the path
of rigor. This is a justification to those who
have precejed-and more unfortunate still, 3
justification to those who are to follow.
Congress has equally lost sight of all the
antecedents Of the country, and shut its eyes to
| the dangers 1t was creating ioT the future by
| rendering the head of the Executive power abso-
! lutte master of all the forces of the nation
| Hsnceforth the President no longer command,
the Federal army alone the militia is subject tC
| him and he can, if necessary, have recourse tc
| eonscripti3n. The restriction of figures, which
! accompany momentarily these extraordinary
powers, do not in the least affect their bearing
nor lessen their eventual danger. Such primer
| pies, once inscribed upon the legislation of &
country, are never efaced; they remain there II
indelible characters, and even though they may
appear TO fall into disuse for time, they reap
pear fatally at the hour when some energetic and
ambitious man finds it to his advantage t,
appeal to them.
Not less grave is the tacit ratification b.
which the representatives have covered up tht
blows given by the government to the c0nsti
tutional guarantees Of its citizens. The sum
Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1862-08-01

JAMES o FUQUA.
Di triet Provost Marshal General.
rOficiaLl
r.. D. SANDID6E, c. S. A., A. 4. A aud Iasosctrf
eenessI. tjy29 2tsW2H
Polynesian., 1862-05-10
LAW REPORTS!

COR SALE AT THIS OFFICE, THE FIRST VOLUME
of Hawaiian Reports comprising many of the most
important Decisions and Rulings of the Superior Courts OF
Kingdom during years ending with 1856, compiled
ty GEORGE M. RoBFRrsoS.
bPrice Eve dollars. bound in cali eu
Polynesian., 1862-05-10
7 E r NJ 5.
BOARD TUITION, per Quarter of Twelve Weeks, "a


,r1xyE PERMANENT establishment Of the Star
of the Pacfc'' (Hoku O ka Pakplka), newspaper 10 be
printed in the Hawaiian language, having become hXed
TACT the undersigned respectfully notifies those desiFos OF
ayang themselves its columns an adveHsl lhg meG
Thursday of each week, ana ma
the edition 10 he printed thousand copies Ierms
reason and advertisements translated gratnItousy
G. w. MILLS, Manager.
II At the Polynesian Office. z--u
Polynesian., 1862-05-10

in 1861, was but s2.S14 SO. against s7Os2e9 l6 in
1860.
Parts of cargo are only shipped here now, from the
home ports, the remainder being ~ trasitu for Vic
toria
While so large a decrease is shown in the import Of
articles of merchandise paying duties, and bonded for
consumption or export-beng the former nearly AZ
per cent, and on the latter 80 per cent-the impora
ton of articles free Of duty has fallen off only % Ler
cent.
There has also been considerable increase in someof
the principal staples of the country as shown by the
following statement:
Polynesian., 1862-05-10
Ghe polunesiialr.
Report of the Minister Of Finance TO the Leg
islature OF 1859.
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE, May l, Is

DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE, May l, 1862.
By command of His Majesty the King, and in con-
formiv with the requirements of the Constitution,
have the honor to submit the Legislature the follow
ing Report:
I. RECEIPTS.
The balance in the Treasury the first day Of April
Polynesian., 1862-05-10

The receipts in the Treasury during the
fiscal period commencing with April 1st,
1860, and ending March 81, 1862, were as
fnows.
Polynesian., 1862-05-10

showing an increase imports from the United L. %
States Pacific side to be (or about Is per cent) ~ 81
The difference of imports from Great Britain for 1861
compared with those of 1860, is S43, ,342 OF for
1861, against Sl65,42 25 for 1S60-showing a de-
crease of Sl22,082 49, or nearly Y per cent.
From Hamburg and Bremen the comparison is as
$50, ,292 for 1861, against S54.6S1 SO in 1860-ex-
hibting gain of Sl6l0 Az nearly three per cent.
There were no mportatons from Chiua in lS61-the
decreasing wants of the kingdom for goods furnished
by that market, and the of San Francisco,
where large quantities are always held in bond having
probably induced traders to keep soof from direct
importations, preferrng to obtain supplies as their
wants required from the latter source. In 1860 the
value of goods imported directly from China was
S26.147 63.
The imports from Vanoeuver's Island, nOtwith-
standing the increase of exports to the free port Of Vic
toria, have fallen off from S6.926 79 in 1860, to
S5,507 "a in lS61-showing decline Of l,4l9 %,
nearly II per cent.
The market opened in British Columbia with the
Mother Country has, undoubtedly, had q large infu-
ence aside from the diminuton Of our commerce.
in lessening the supplies held here in bond. The
amount Of British goods from that quarter landed here
Polynesian., 1862-05-10

1ncrse IIs 227 1866 49O0s g9596 76,lOO 6507 $3.50
Bche de ner and soap have been exported for the
first time in 1861, articles of Hawaiian produce.
The export of fungus has risen from $50 lbs in 1852
to 27S,33O lbs. in 1861 thus scattering among the
poorest of the community S15,0O0 derived from what
has hitherto been considered worthless
The article Of Plu belongs to export trade, and
the demand for it, the settlements on the Pacific
coast expand, is likely to be increased The exporta
ton
In lSGO as 2O4 lbs
In lcOI, Irom honolulu IDS
..... ...... ....-.
Polynesian., 1862-05-10


showing the of imports for this biennial term to
be S517 624 20, against the previous of 1859,
of S926,S07 90 reducing the ratio of excess "A per
cent, or $4O9,1S3 %.
From 1857 inclusive period of five years-the i'm
ports and exports have been as follows:
, 1862-12-29

Tic rcCeiLts Of H0es to-day were S1,95t-pf
which there were only a,s51 Dressed.
The Market for Dressed Hogs was active, and
good weights were ehade higher. There WAS no
change however iii light or soft Hogs. The saes Of
heavy Hogs were at $40o@A.s5, and those under
200 Ms at s., 3,JlaSaD
The receipts Of Lire Hogs were again liberal hut
Tie e1narketpyesentedthe came characteristicsasYes
tcr.say. The change in the weather, promising
cold suap, eanscsa frner feeling among the dro-
vcrs. who anticipate that the packers win be COM
ucIled TO enter the market and purchase freely, as
it will not be to their interest to keep their houses
idle. The transactions we're lisht.-some g. ohay-
ing changed hands at range Of $s.07xAs, 80.
Some extra lots averaging upwards oil 35o 1os we're
sold at $3.50. is estimated that there are in the
pcishtorhooa of 900 to $1,000 l,ocs in the yars
rnsola.
In Beef Cattle there is potk- Of any moment
transpirine. The cnlv buyers in the market arc
suecn1ators and government contractors. who are
,.ilfn to purchase when thev ran make their orrn
terms Ahout aft, head c1,ancci7 hands At ranoc
of Al sn7s 1asz-the 1bu1z of ttc s.1es ranoine At
saEnae.ao The inon;rv is nr;nctra1,v conf3nc5 to
medium eraaes
The tota1 reco;nts of uora r5va and Dro,ss5 x,r
the xrcek cnd;nc to,dav ,1nonnt IN OF roo
which shogs az comna1cd with the eorresnonans
week of}ast year-4i. .ns,-an increase ofa1- re17