, 1862-11-23
The London : Times Obtains a
Letter from Richmond.
STATE OF TAIKGS IN the REBEL
CAPITAL,
Letter from a Special Correspond
eut Of the London Times at
the Rebel Capital.

ent Of the London Times at
the Rebel Capital.
R1cTxosD, Wednesday, Oct. 8, 1864.
EThe London Times mas secured q corres-
pondent In Richmond, who secs things
through medium that delights tho Tory
osgun. We tase few specimen extracts from
letter filing several colunns.] .
The spirit of liberty in the Southern States
cru. In the Carollna1 md Virginia ttie5 have
. yaEt multitude OF k1nyes, Where this Is the
caee in any part Of the world, those who are
free are by far the most proud and jeatons Of
their freedom. Freedom Is to them not only
an enjoyment, hut . kind Of rank and privi-
1ege. Not seeing there that freedom, as Ia
Countries where il is common blessing, and
- broad and general al the atS, may he united
with much abject toll, with great misery, With
all the exterior OF sersitnde, liberty looks
among them like something that IL more
noble and liberal. do not mean to commend
the superior morality Of this sentiment, which
has at lea6t as much pride - virtue In it; but
l cannot alter the nature OF man. THESE
people Of the Southern colonies are much
more strongly and with higher and more
stubborn spirit attached TO liberty than those
10 The nufthWsrd. Such were oil ancient
commonwealth; each were our Gothic ances-
tors such in our days the Poles; such will
BE- al a:astels Of slaves. III such . peonte
the hangltiness Of domination combines With
sls spirit Of freedom, fasl1es it, and rcnders
1t inylncib1s-
1uE WAR i WAR OF CLASSES.
The two races Aave come into collision; on
one side MI Allstocracj, agricultural, sparseIF
settled, given 20 Held sports, living in the ski-
Ole, IN the Other, a dem ocracS, which h4ge been
travelling dow E~ard for 80 Years which ia uu-
merical3y tour times as strong as its opponent,
which b7eathet only I'll atmosphere Of dollars,
and has no aspirations beyond commercial
gaiu- Which Is tac more lii for the conduct
Of the war? Il Is NOT too much TO say that,
| bnt for theiA ganhosts, the Yankees would,
| before this time, in American phrase, have
betn ""hppyd'out Of their boots I" by pop
u!a:ion scarcely more than one-fourth OF tnetr
Iuuter. But Ia Ire South, in spite Of 1t law
| less population, A certain rough discipline is
| not impossible, and FIJI incident which 0cu:zcd
f! two days ago In this city has neveS been at
t temrtec q the Northern hoats--thu execution
t br shooting Of .wo deser:srs, and the admin
! iatrasi,n of tifty |ashes to third. 5uch exc
| cutiu1ss have already not been unfreGuent in
| the South whereas, in the North, aitet the
| defeat OF Pope, hunareas Of deserters crohsed
| The Potomac eSefy night, Of whom 1t Is rot
| Improbable that forty PER- cent. hare again en-
Listed. accepting the enormous boupties prof ]
! ieIed br the North. If anT man desires to
| gauge the seckless and e1traragant waste
Witch hiss, from the first, characterized all the
| Federal operations n the tieId, let him notice
| the IGct that Oh both sides the Potomac It il
| hatd TO nleet mAn or boy among the a.nphi-
| b!oua population who has not Federal Jacket,
csI, or pair Of ttousers. 1t is safe also to as-
sat tint IL mtrt ptact;se the FedesH officers,
| uaTA ACd military, have fired away more
! poweer than has been expended in anger bJ
/ the Soutl.
I PROSPECTS, OF RESTORING THE CS1oS.
The ups!,ot of This system OF restoring the
! Cuion Hili readily suggest itseif to The Rad
| er. l have Travelled far and vide through Fir-
| sscta. hlye conyerecd With men, women,
! stfitsiDgs and c1ildreu, In that S;a1e and In
| Maryland; have seen men, formerly sDb-
| start!al AID thriving, wlose everything has
been teyouTcd " 1hc Fcde1als; but never in
ore slcEle instance hare leafd . word of re.
gset by reason Of the H'7r, & umId ncte
sounded ln regara TO its Issue, ! Sigh b-eathed
oTcc the departed Union, ghost OF deare
| expressed !n favor OF compromise OF rcccn-
el'ust1on. pn the couirary, one universal
cher71s echaes through the length and breadth
ot tic land: 81 Tie act is broken, aad Ut
| are delserel.fs Mr. Everett .al his
vo,aris., who stiil hslieyc in tnprisoncd
in,slty as existing in the South, nigh, as
veil search lu tue British Isles fcr r1an who
| desired Them to be annexed to France. So
unit.d. So homogeneous II ceClmun1.y as the
States OF th= Eout bern co;aederacy tistds no
pasaiiet in our oFn xnEa1E. 10 war that
England hiss Waged Tor huad.ed Years tas
,aet wi.h such c,stial, unaiiitEcus, u,tdlvi,i-d
support The war aeainss the French K+rub-
he bad its Charles Fox; the war a;tainst kls-
sia its Richard Eebtrn. There Is no such
character il thcSoutharn Sta:ea. The victory
Ut the feleyals in tits e11s!,er .te1 struggle
| mecns, not the defeat Ut the SOUTHERN a7siles
-EDt tEt posses sion Of Richmond, Charleston
savannah, Mobile aud SeS prlesns, which
{ would no more icad 10 conclusion of the
7tas thaE lat SEIZURE OF the Isle OF Man. 4
| Ftte1al y!ete!y EtArs uu.hing Oh earth hnt
tic e2teTminaet.u and aurlalAtion os every
1nar, woman aud cS:!i IN TIE Southern Con-
t.ds racF. Ihs;c is co passion, no freuzy, iu
tSG uEtSeiaA ianEuaz:. Tat Intensity u lh:
hare N1shes th. cheek and cl!nches the teeth,
out irds little expression il feeble words. Ii
anything, the e1u5eraneG OF unilnosity Is
E:crr Ec1ce,,tible in the llshiag eyes and
eager earnes'ues5 Of the "omen; bat the
settttd and uuconIuerab1e Hr,nness of the
feasibility 1t Richlnord'e falling Is calmly dis
e',ssed, and preparations AaTe !Co.; hcru i,ate
| !tr tueh a contingency. Surprise Is EXPRESSED
sest 'ls FeatEals base not Yong ngo pos4essea
slt nl=e|7es CT several Uther southern ci.iu. Us
TtI IL New Qficans. The possession OF zap.
:tai city in these d.~~s ns Taiir9sts i. ycry
i:istrFr. .s."g fr1n wEai l. a=-tl to be = M.
dsy$ of NassaN and Jena Gre.1 s1T.sin..
might h- ia1ictea On voluea ard Children il
| Hctie and Charleston fe;l-autfe-ing which
:5e.e L obl5 1co lauca rea.:,'n 10 tesr you'd
~ laest acceptable 10 the F.derais, judging
s.oin 1hs records of,tbeir deet.s during lae lns;
year AID halt But every considerable city
IN :he South might be reduced to ,tshes with.
f'u! Changing tie mod CT undermining .ae
;esolu'icr Of 1he feeblest heart, IL asg feeble
atsrt there he In the Southern f:onfetrfacy.
INVASION or MARYLAND.
i !: appears TO hare been Gen Lees principal
dsslsr, "At., hs CROSSED lnso Mary land, Il
| -e:ze ft1Ei@rs Ferry, and 10 tcs. the spirit o.
! lht Mafyiant!srs by his temperate proctama
ion, IL t.rtsr to be uu.nolestcd IN his attach
| on AarpsE'e Fe5ry. be threatened Penusylva
: :'ia 'roin Hagefstown, thro*iug Cor. Cnrtir
. Tito, hys.e,ies, and animatiug Baltimore witt
!. | !he EoEe lint he would enanciplte ter from
shs irnH tyranny Of Gen. Wool. liz h4t
: :i'sls :stfoRs expectation Of being able tt
: ssach pennEy1raais, bat II Cen Pope hat
aad been u,ors free to act, there can be nj
1 DOUBT that Baltimore and Washington wouls
< hare aa''ep: Blu. when Mcclellan took sh,
{ tele, aod the arny's confidence again sprans
q j aiof;, Gen: Lee bad no other purpose on til
soil Of Maryland than TO capture Harper
:, Ferry. Gen, .Fuckson, alter reaching ual,ers
3 M*n, fell suddenly and silently bacs upos
> Har2er5 Ferry, and ehTs:oped It closely upo,
:, eFetJ side
THE REBELS At ASTrErAM.
At this moment the fame OF Mcclellan
b early approach, with The design Of resnrosein:
Halper'a Ferry, overlook Cen Lee. lie ta
mcdia.ely threw Gen. q. Hills division O
trotl 2,ND to l5,0N mea back to stroas
position ,npon South Mountain. Hlere, oI
y september II, Ge1s- Mcclellan attacked then
with net less tsan 7G,0W nle1. The sonta
erEets fell slnH1y back before this Imposing
tGrcc, tut rot Without iniicsing upon il aacl
loss that it vas not till Sept. II that McClei
Ian forcsd On The mcmentupu3 blt.le OF An
tie;ans Csttk. The morning Of the 17el
iounu Gen. Lee strang's posted, but With no
| mite than 10 GOO Eien when tho hattie cyf,
.oercsd. For once the Federal papers, whicl
aEr In the hatit Of representing that laei
armies are but bandsnls Of men iignting aguins
| overwhelming !,oracs Q: rebels; do not CLAIM
that Aeir alleged victory was Eon against So
Frfjor EInibcrs ba their opponents Uoy
great The disparity was at the canli,lsnce1neu
Of tue battle Is probably known to Gen. AIc
Clelsan. It il believed bF President Dayis
shose cain, and dIspBs5iouAte opinion Mi
coBinapd more respect in England than Ii
:; rbapisodes 0! The Fedurals, that The Sauthzro
l. st5 were st hrst oltnunbcrsd more ti,an thre
W to one.
Atrnon the ubiquitous Jackson threw hin,
self ard his division {possii:r 1a.0Oo ,nen
upon he right wing of the ftderls. He ha
previously forced tic garrison Of Harpef'
Ferry to surrender to q .nau, taking all thes
a7ns. munitions Of var, and cannon nud
7Eoush delayed longer Than was expected, i,
S.flEed soon enough to attach HtcClcIt u
The ground ~on In the morning hr the i.de
rails, who we're In tremendous force uuo
G. | tbelT rgAe wing, Vas swiftly recovered. an
beld uMt1 the end of the DAY. at fou- Ia III
afternoon, Gen. 4. 7. HnTe division came u
and leined the Confederate right. 1t was re1
hat Gen EaE1sldcFe advance on the Federa
left vas SO long delayed, and was eventual
made F1tt NTHFWhel iuiuE nnmf1prs TIM y ~