davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16

-. So. - :.
senator Wngos o' ino'au'' oO'o ~
cent political course has received the com
mepdation Of the Chicago Times, Detroit
r., p..,,, .,d oibsvs ;onrnala Of tha, clasa
s...,...,,. a.,.;,,;s ..a .o......,,.. y
- ''"'"'v P"'''' ~" 49,
mas m"oe one o' 'ne 'nose 'O'c'O'e ano con
vincing speeches which has yet been made
in Congress in favor Of tho contiscation Of
-, ..or.,,, W. -. e., a.. oea
80 -
ciai report 'ne io''owing exuac's'
This proceeding Is absolutely necessary.
II viii strike heavier blow against the
rebellion than an army with banners.
We have fosborne until fcrboarnnco has
grown 20 be dishcnor. Treason has run
riot in the land. IL Is time that lawless'
ness should cease, whether under pretend
ed government IN tho rebellious States o.
In the more insidious guise OF freedom o.
speech which gloats over every obstacle
that can be brought forward TO prevent OF
retard the restoration Of the Union. II Is
time that rapipo and murder should be call
cd BY their right uames, and punished As
they deserve. ! would direct the operations
Of this law against the instigators OF the ro
belliCn, against tho leaders OF its army
those who hold its executive appointments
the members Of the confederate conventions
and legislatures, and all those who have de
ceived and infuriaied the Southern masses
against this Government. They should be
made to feel, in their persons and in theil
property, The disasters which aftiict those
whom they have led to the brink Of destrnct
ion. / would impoverish them as they
have impoverished their own people,
The Davises and Slidells, the Yulees ant
Masous, the Beauregards and Johnstons, th'
i Beckinridges and Benjamins, who have
sought the annihilations Of the Republi'
that nourished, houored and protected them
spreading desolatiou throughout the South
ern States, and who havo been remorselesi
in carrying out the promptings of their un
holy ambition, cannot expect from this Con
gress any other treatment than that of {
rigid enforcement Of the sternest penalties
i Of justice. Iti duty that we owe to our
country, that we owe TO posterity, TO the
peace and happiness Of our citizens, and 70
the perpetuity Of our institutions.
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16

A REBEL PAPER REBEL DENoUKome
SOLDIERS As IEToLERABLY WToKED.--A
correspondent Of the Atlanta (Ga) oonfed-
eracy says:
Il has been the lot Of the writer to see
something Of the soldiers Of othereountries.
Il pains him TO say that he has not seen in
others an approximation to the wickedness
which is unblushingly exhibited BY large
bodies Of our soldiers. Let any one travel
10 railroad car with body Of our troops
jet him hear their oashs, their obseenity
let bin observe theirindiessenestO the pres
euce Of ladies, and as Georgian be will
be panied beyond measure. In no Other
country would such things be tolerated.
Yet they are borne 10 silence.
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16
Gov. Tod Freezing Negrocs.

GONs LO0 LECchuN NcbFOCSe
Frof. Peck writes to the Oberln News an
account of an interview with Gov. Tod, as
follows:
Toward the close of the first interview,
something was incidentally said about help
ing people escape from slavery. "By the
way at this point, said the Governor with
droll twinkle Of the eye, "Did you know,
Professor, / am in that line Of business my
self, now" "No," said /, shows that ~
"Why, you see nm sending of the con
trabands up at Camp Chase at rate o
three or four day, with good outfit aDt
making free men of them" This led m'
to desire to go to the camp and see how
this competition with the U. g. R. r. wa
being carried on. So Iasked the GoyerDo
for pass to the camp and the prison, which
he gave me.
The Colonel was in the "contraband bus
iness" elbow deep. He had four swarthJ
fellows iu a row before him, and soon |.
squad of soldiers, with fixed bayonets, came
in, bringing three more. The jolly rascals
whose freedom was now to deprive theil
masters Of many dollar, were in full feath.
er. Each one had new Government haver.
sack slung at his side, and, Beojamin's sack,
"full to the sack mouth Of grub. All were
well appareIled. Besides coats, pants,
shoes and shirts, furnished ont of the Quar-
termaster's stores, they had spare hats, blan-
kets, osercoats, DC, which the soldiers had
given to them. The Colonel was coutriv'
ing how 70 dispose Of them to the best ad
1 vantage. One he was about TO send here
another there. To each ono he gave for
NAL deed Of fmauumission, q wish / had al
exact copy Of the instrument) and such ad
vice as be needed. And so he sent chdttsls
out gpon the sOorld to be men.
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16

Suffering Asa East Eennease.
PaFsou BFownlow 10 a communication 10
the Philadelphia Press, dated Crosswiek
New Jersey, Nay Sd, says:
The work Of murder, arrests and impris-
onments, goes brayely on in East Tennessee,
as my family inform me, who left Knoxville
the latter part Of last week. They are
shooting Union men down in the streets, ar
resting hundreds, and shooting down fifty
or sixty 10 ono instance, after they had sur
rendered and we're under an arrest They
marched between three and four hundred
through the streets, with some Of them bare
footed, and their feet bleeding, taking them
TO the depot and shipping them 10 Atlanta
Georgia. 70 work upon their forli6cations.
These men, denied water, would IiFt out Of
mud psGddles in the streets with their hands,
aAer q rain, what they could to quench their
thirst.
In Gods name, / call upon President
Lincoln, and upon bis Cabinet and army
officers, 70 say how long they viii suffer =
loyal people. true to the Union and to the
Government Of their fathers, 70 suffer in
this wayi The Union men Of East Ten.
nessee are largely IN the majority, say three
70 one, but they have no arms; they are in
the jails Of the county: they aTe working
on rebel Notifications, IKE slaves under The
lash, and no Federal force has ever yet been
marched into that oppressed and down
iroddon country. Let the Goyernmani, II
il have any regard for is obligations. re-
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16

Rev Mr. GFsen, a coloFsd local Methodist
preacher was ivs years ago sentenced % ten
years ImprisoumoBt il Mafyland, fc- having In
his possession ~Uncle Toms Cabin" Numar-
ons cII1rls have been made % secure bis pard0n,
but without success until a fsw days since, when
Gov. hradIold sef him az liberty. He is no
Qusrod, however. 10 leave the State, and is al
ready on his way . Canada. Oh, isn't Slavery
4 huu,4ns aud bl11sea inefiiulicnf No wonder
lAe editor II the Messenger loves Il 81. and has
such en nuiipAahy atalnsl AboiitienisoH
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16

treated as free. end are hQing given papers a.
coldinelY. 50 long - they were regarded a.
annandneo1 70 the rebel officers aud were per-
p'IiIad ~ wslt upou and obey them according b
fse ofltf ol tk,frs derpip Dixie, and ~fIt led.
4t..d ul7'1 fan8 asF109a x had never q
pelt g ~. p. ne4 1Iteut i tFtiA and
y sispuhlpd
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16
r EGAL NOTICE.-solomon Newcom

Il EOAh NOWCOIn-
IL er, Sarah A. Newcomer, Susan Newcomer Mary f.
Newcomer, Pemelia Newcomer, and Edward Newcomer
who non-residents OF the State of Ohio are
guardians respectively, If they have any, and Lewil
Newcomer OF the State Of California hereby no.
t6ed that the fifth day OF April A. d. eighteen hun
dred and sixtyt Frederick Newcomer fled In the
Court Of Common Pleas In and for the County
KY and State Ohio petition against them others
Said petition alleges, that the twenty fourth day OF
February, A. D. eighteen hundred and forty-hye John
Newcomer father Of the above named defendants sold
all his interest in the following described lands to plain
till, to wit:
The west half of the quarter Of section NUN,
Der eleven in township number Eve, north ofrange num-
Der fourteen, containing eighty acres, less.
Also the following other piece Of land adjoining the
above described tract to witi
Beginning at the northwest corner Of the east
quarter Of the southeast quarter OF the
ter Of section number eleven, in township number ve
range number fourteen; thence running eouh between
the east and west halves OF said southeast quarter
east one chain to post; thence north ten chains to
post Themes west chain to the place OF beginning
tanning acre Of land more or less
And that that day last aforesaid, John Newcomer
and Mary Ann his wife, who is dead executed deed
for said land, intended to do So did execute
deed for that purpose but by mistake the tract
last above described omitted.
Said petition prays that said and mistake
corrected and said deed reformed TO include and
describe aud convey said one acre ofland.
Said defendants notified TO said petition on
OF before the thirty nrs day Of May, eighteen hundred
and sixty two said petition will be taken confessed
m FREDERICK NEWCOMER
BY BuekIsnd Everett his AttorneyB
Aprn ., Ise2. lewT pr fee 5000
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16
nmoH NoTIoE.-NOtiOe is bsreb,
.ToH NoTIoR.-NolIee IS herebr

~ given that apettion win BE- presented 10 the Com.
miasoners " SAndnaky county Al their Juae senalon
eea Ter the ioeetios snd eesncii0n Of Dteh on the
following Teaie to-Uiti t...
comm6noae At tie terminus of ditch now located on
y d Carpenters land ~ section twelve Townsend too
ship thenea IN northwest direction towards Pckerel
cresk and Terminate IN sandusky Bay, Aud that the
ioa2s when aAid petition aill b haard.
OSCAR BALL, Co. Auditor
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16

HOWARD ASSOCIATION, Philadel-
IL phiAor ths Rstisf ef ths Sek cad Disfrssssd, e
ctsd ifh HUaeut and CAroHie DfseaseS and espeeGi-
N dissssss ffAs 6tzueI Organs.
Medical Advice given Gfats By the Acting Surgeon
Valuable Reports Spernaforrha or Seminal weak
and other Diseases o the Sexual oFganh and o She
heH Remedies employed 10 the Dispenaary sent IN seal.
ed letter enveopel free Of charge. Address,
Dr.. 7. SK1LfIN HOU0HTON
Howard Association,
syl No. 2, South Ninth Street. PhiladsIphiA, Ps.
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16
TOWN LOTS FOR sALEI

lTNHE aubaober has number Of Lots IVES. 0f the Raj
il Road Depot IN FTcmonl bststen croghan and Napo.
prioe aud payment RIP. BUCKLAlnA
rramaut, March q. 1o6l
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16
{ hsAXERiS
pgAFHARTIG
u PILLS.

Are ron airk. f.riis, and
eouiplaIhlufl ars 700 hui q
order, VIII yotf system a.
ranged, aud your feelings m
epbh1flAb.s TlIeao aynip-
toms are 0Itna the pfeluds 70
srfions Illness. Some NJ e
aiekucss ls errcplng upon yvu,
ard should bc afertad y !
flnnly uso 81 De likht tone
ely. Take Ayers 1iIls, and
cleanse out ilic disordered hu-
nofs = purify The blood, and
lei Tie fluids move on unob-
sifucied IN health again.
They stimulate the functions
Of The body Into tlgoroul ~.
, tisily, purify the system from
- "a -a.....f ft....a a.Al.A tIamL
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16
COFFIN ROOM

siibe the aim Of the proprietor Of this Estahlish.
ent o maintain the reputation of hla work
u Al thee old stand "a Building on Croghan street
fremont. Jan. -. 1859.
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16

DElR nRo AYER cannot answer you tphof complaints
have cigea with your Pills better than 70 say al af
treat ,v dpipgatipe medicine. place great depen-
disease aud believing do that your pS AFFORD the
best we have, Of course value them highly
-..- PnrsBuRe, Pa, May I, 1855.
DA J. G. ATER slrt have been ropoatedly cured or
the worst Aedidchs any body hive by dose TIVE
Of yonr Pills. IL seems to arise from foul stomach,
which they cleanse at once. stFs
Yours with great respect, ED. W. PRBDLK,
Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1862-05-16
nnlou. pl.orasrs-Llv.r Complaints.

Prom DR.. Theodore BslI, Of NeO FORK City,
Not only your Pills admirably adapted to their pur
pose Rperlont but find their beneficial effects upon
Tho Liver VERY marked indeed. They have IN my prac
lice proved eectua foe the ef b7ioas eoel
plaiHts than any romedy can mention. sincerely
reoco that have at length purgaiise which Il
thy the confidence Of the proIsssoa and the people,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1862-06-26
Items from WashinGtO on.

Washington, June 25.-The postal convention
between the United States and Mexico, was today
officially promulgated.
The Provost Marsha discovered and took into his
Possession about $4,000 worth Of new rifles, mus
tets, cavalry equipments, DC, supposed To be
stolen property. They have recently seized other
military goods under similar circumstances.
senator Trumbull, OF Illinois, has reported bill
from tss judiciary Committee TO Try beresher TO
stop ssch $4,000 Congressional tGun) jobs-as
senAlr eimmons, Of X. l., has been Engaged in
making, seems 70 beset the Republicans can
any Law stop some Of themf
Tnr Judiciary Committee OF tho Senate reported
sMG.rss .str,'sy. twill come up for
: IN Disiric, Cr,nd the consultation
adst'iet Of I'niG. t.have given cur
VII anSsa %SSsi ~. 29 P9I,,.ss s,ssoa circle; ,a;;;
leave proa !N IN day or two that
Gen. B,nkb 80 Aim in thG, Department. /,
tina, gen. T. 10 WITH have BANKS command that
Mcdowell VI be given g. nc garrison ststion-if
MT IN nse 4ence OF the fall irom his horse from
-.nle other cause. We give these rumors, as they
are in tao months Of Intelligent political Of the
Administration party.
Leut.;iJH. wattord, 1.-THE s4th New York Vol.
untotrs, has been discharged from the service Of
the United States by tie President, IN accordance
with reoommendnton Of a ourtmartlal.
The Navy department will receive proposals for
the raising OF the Varna and other vessels sunk In
the Mississippi river.
The Jerseymen hero, with Senator Ten Eyck a
pahairman, have formed Boldiers' Aid Society.
ave. scrptions To the amount Of $50 have already
hen subscribed. Committees were appointed e
visit tho sick and wounded Of New Jersey In the
different hospitals in the neighborhooi OF Wash.
iug'on.
H. every case Of prisoners taken in arms sgain-,
tie United States, who may bo tried and sontenced
g. death, the record Of the tribunal before which
the trial was had will be forwarded for the action
of the Presdout Of tho United States, wito,A whose
orders no such sentence Ma such cases will be exc
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1862-06-26
Firndish Work In the Shenandoah.

The Front Royal corres pondent of tho Phila-
d'lpha IsauiRrR, In letter dated june 2s, gives
the following account Of the murder and assaHslna-
ton Of Uulou men in the Valley. We can hardly
belief tLst men once our brothOrs could perpetrate
sucl enormit!es. III, writer saysi
Mr.. John T, Haynes prominent and mos, es-
tlmAb!o citizen OF Page county, well known IN
WssIing,on where he las been for some time en-
sAS'n IN buaineas, came from Washington TO his
home In Milford, after the advance OF our Aruy
The day after Shields Division lad rns.d tbroliyh
the town, ON its way t. Fredericksfurg sixteen of
tAe Louis sAls Tigers came T. Haynes house and
asked pctinlssuA H. stay i.ht. lie tod them
he would keen as many as lis house would accom-
modate. Al'r sea -hng his house, eight of them
Lot, tie rest renamed. They qusstonod him with
regard 70 his politics, lie tod them he Was
Whigand luou man, and voted for Boil and
E'e'eu ior President. lie furthermore gave them
escape for fye days. They left In the morning af-
ter assuring him that they had not been treated
vii such l"iritaiity since they left Louisiana.
The same dly part Of them, accompanied by
ne.Shbor, returned to his house, carried lin a
pris'ner 10 Llray, and lodged Tim in jail. lie was
here Helt IN confinement eight days, WHEN two
AgA came at hist aud demanded the key Of tho
l'!lF, stating ullt hy order Of Colonel AsAly they
t. Ham Islorg, The ]ailors wife offered to yet
light, wlen thoy said they did uot want l'glt,
did not wish T. bc recognized The mon w.rs
!'H'n iAto 'ho woods abo'n mile aud half from
the Nit'HS'i ana murdered. Alter the return of
Zen shlcldS their bodies were u.ere found lightly
covered with oarth. sN"|
Tue General has Information that, at meeting Of
several citizens ~ Lursy the qIestion was disr,,ss
ti what should be done with these men, md a vote
taken TO put them - death. One OF the men who
demanied tLo key of the Jnor and was conce rned
lYet reishlor TO Haynes, but had removed 10
Georgia, and IS now serving In tho Rebel army.
These iaSts gathered from q SOD Of tho murder
ed man, Mr. Ellis A. Haynes who has been fys
years IN California lie returned 10 New York
about month since. and " soon as he considered
u safe started for home, where he arrived last
Thursday. Deeming II unsafe 70 remain, he re.
turned here with Gen ShisldA and IL now visiting
friends living In the vicinity Of Winchester
After jackson had forced Banks n retire from
miles from woodstSck, wss scouisd BY his asish.
bors Of having carried proYlsiops 70 thA ha2r plSce
aud s0l3 v as s0ldisrl " tpkSaw,>d4H n 81
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1862-06-26
The President SAFE Home.

hero ss ten minutes u seven O'Clock this evening,
his return trip from New York city and West
Point lie len the latter place q, ten minutes past
ten this morning, sai the former 81 ten past
eleven, making the "trip ffom New York In seven
hours and twenty minutes, being the shortest tlms
over the same route between thss Gity and wash-
inston, oil record. Tho President was accompanied
OH the trip by Col. McCsum, General Director Of
Military Roads, and from PhilsdephiA by President
FELTON,, Of the Philadelphia and Baltimore Railroad
Company, and WAS Joined a. Baltimore by Mr..
Garrett, the President, and W. p. Smith, she Gene
raj Superintendent of the Baltimore and Ohio Rail.
road Company, who attended the Presidential party
10 This city.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1862-06-26

has no power over slavery In the states In time Of
pssce. yet the Senator frvm Massachusetts tSum-
per) now uxes the abolitiou n slavery In all the
rebel stsses. Ne tBrowninel enter,d an earnest
protest against the dangerous herssy Mat The pow
Or 4 Congress oAn be enlarged In such . way.
Mr. Dixon tConh.l believed The President had
slaves Il e,uiumacious retels, a. = military
Gty; but he bad serious doubts ~ 70 the power Il
Congress ~ pass any such act, and he was opposed
~ the doctrine that Congress had greater pOw,U
In time Of war than In peace.
Mr.. Hale IN. H. ssid there had been doctrine
promulgated here, which he believed more destruc-
tive 10 the sovsrnmsns, and Al war with every
principle of the Cunstitu uton, than secession itself
that ia, the doctrine that would concentrate all
Executive power in the President and denying
any power 81 all 70 Congress. II such doctrine
Republic vanished, and aprsc,ical despotism stolen
In upon us while the guardians were asleep, and
We are but monarchy, having . name W live
while We are In fact dead.
have tho country suppose that he agreed any way
70 the miserable and slavish doctrines.
Mr.. Browning said he stated that the President
was under ell the restraints Of the Constitution and
Congress has no more power 70 control the Pr-s-
dent In the discharge " the duties devolve upon
him by The Constitution, than the President has to
attempt TO control Congress. Each V supreme In
Mr.. Dixon said the Senator from Ohio entirely
misunderstood him. lie Intended 70 lay down {
proposition that We are 81 war, and the Presi.
| 49, ~ IN -Sniet a
the armies In slime OF peace w.u - wss. us -
q right I, go 10 Richmond and take command of ths
army, and II he finds IL necessary may hbeIs,.
every slave and burn every house. lie would dc
| anything to punish traitors and put down the rebel
lion. n necessary he would exterinlnats every
slave and almost every white man, hut thai
the Union shall I've restored. lie never sx
pressed the opinion that the Pcsljent mad uncon
irolled power. lie had eontordcd that state coult
not be blo,tod out by any pretended act Of sscss
| sion.
| Aner further discussion, adjourned,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1862-06-26
Congressional Proceedings.
xXx4IIih CONGR EsS---Senate.
FiIsI Se ssiOu.

Washington, June 25.-Mr. TrumbuiL I'm }
nom me Judiciary Committee, reported bac2 tho
general bankrupt bill, with the reyonnenia,lon
that be Postponed to nsxt DecerateT Laid over.
Tho eonfscstop bill was then TAX a up.
MT, Browning Hll enunsratod vayous spectic
grants OF power 10 Congress h We Oonstitution,
And contended that ths bill beSrs She senats could
n0s DO founded Upon aiS such grsais.
hr. sumner (hass.1 said thai Congress can exer-
which u csana psscs s$.e2 ,sS. ensniss os ,ss
United States. There Aro rights a. war belonging
70 - ns.ionS and .hs:s rights nay % al srclsod
Mr.: Browning contended that Tie constitutlon dii
nol inyss Congress With all the wal power. Tho
powers q cobh:ostien end libsrSuon were conhnsd
70 Ms sofnmArdsts.in.Shtsfas may ast.srs u piiJary
Ek sspsi G1H. Eai,!asSss El aSs'l IL / Cos PSSa523, :
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1862-06-26
----
The PHILADELPHIA Races.

Phil1nflpNid, June 2j.-The second days
rpcing, which, owing to the heavy rain on ruesdsy,
was postponed, came oh today. Two races were
announced Tor decison--tNo mile heat race for o
purse OF iye hundred dollars, and the Continental
Hotel premium, ladies' s.a worth $500 The first
race was won easily BY li.cwild, In two straight
heats, beating West RDNbury aud Avalanche.
after tLs first hoat The race for tie laiivs' prise
was indefinitely post loned, owing TO tie ow ners Of
horses entered declining 10 allow them TO start in
the heavy, slippery condition Of the track. Heavy
thunder showers fell st Intervals during tie aner-
noon, and the Judges announced the races postpon-
ed Until Friday and Saturday, to allow tie track .
chance tOr llnuro Yement.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1862-06-26

Uidhiag'on, June 2G.-The following has been
received Ut the War Department:
San fRAScIaco, June 10Th.
Gsr, Thomas, Adjutdnt General:
Gen. Carleton, at runos Village, May ?'th, re-
ports that Col. West took Possession of Tuslau
Arizona, On the 2oth, without opposition. The re
hcl troops fed TO tie RIO Grandc. A. soou Tho
rclcls are pushed away from Messilla Tho
Overland mail route will be open from Honolulu
via s.ntc Fc, Fort Thorn. Tuscan and Fort Yurns
~ San Francisco.
tsisnodl GroR1r wRiour,
Ilricaiier GsnerAl
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1862-06-26
Illinois Election Returns.

Chicago, June ?o.-Rtturns from all but sour
counties in the State arc received. The majority
rgsins, the Bank Article Is Asoo. The majority
against the Congressional Appcrtlnnment" 10
1900. The propagation denying the right OF suh-
rage h. negroes and prohibiting them from holding
Office Ia adopted by an almost nine-tenths vo'c Of
the State. The propsit to exclude negroes from
coming into the state, Is adopted by nearly two
thirds vote. Tho two las, propositions, consequent
ly, form part Of the old Constitution. They were
voted separately. The majority against the
new Constitution. thus far, Is about 1900.