Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1862-08-13

hlncance and contain less than a sixth in
! population of the Union. After the calani
| ties which slavery has brought upon the South.
/ the ruin and the desolation the rebellion has
already accomplished there, who from the
North or from Europe will emigrate to anv
State retaining the system, whilst thousands
OF the native sons of the South have already
| lied North or to Europe, and hundrA1,s Of
| thousands will follow. u
| The Slave State which has incroosad ,xo,t
rapid to the square mile. of all Of then, frono
| 1'9O 70 1860, has had smaller aupmentation
! per square mile than that free State which
las increased most stoVty per square mile du-
! ring the same time of all the free States. and
the result Is the same as to wealth and educa-
ton also. Under the best circumstance for
| the slave States, and the ac0rSt for the free
States, this result proves the uniformity of the
rule like the great law of gravitation) know
ing no exception to the effect of slavery in
depressing the progress of States in poDula-
| ton, wealth and education. Would we then
In all these advance more rapidly, we must
remove slavery and negrOism, the retarding
cause. l know it is asked how shall we then
cultivate the cotton lands of the South with
out slaves! This does not apply to the border
States, but before closing these letters, will
| prove c0nclnsively, by the census and other
/
! South, and from having traversed every south
| ern State, | know to be true, that cotton is
now raised there most extensively and profit.
| ably by nonslaveholders, and upon farms using
exclusively white labor. In Texas, especially,
this IS great truth nor is there doubt that
skilled, educated, persevering and energetic
free labor, engaged voluntarily for wages or
| its own use, would, IN time, especially when
aided by improved culture and machinery.
produce much larger crops and better cotton
than now raised by the forced and ignorant
labor OF slaves, and at a much cheaper rate,
at far greater profit, than any crop now
produced in the North, and in more saIubri,
Gus climate, as shown by the census
The isothermals Of the great Humbolt
differing so widely from paralleIs,) which
trace the lines of temperature on the earth's
surface, prove, as to heat, the climate of the
South to be substantially the same as that of
Greece and Rome, each in their turn, the mis-
| tress of the world. / know, when the term
! tSotheTntaI was used in my inaugural as Gov
ernor OF Kansas, 1T was represented bV some
OF our present rebel leaders to the masses of
the South, as some terrible monster perhaps
the Yankee sea serpent, but | now uso the
term again IN no offence, from its important
application to the present case, and knowing
that what | now advise would produce incal.
culable benefits to the whole country but es
pecially to the South. Indeed, ifTexas, with
her III, 1856 square miles of area, very nearly
SIX times that of New York. with her salu
brious climate and fertile soil, already worked
to great extent by free labor, were Free
State, she would, in time, contain larger
population than any State in the Union.
Texas has 70,620 square miles more than
France, and with the present pOpu lation of
Belgium to the square mile, would contain
more than one hundred millions of pepole.
See pages % and 35, introduction to the
census of 1850 by the Superintendent, pub.
| llshed by Congress. Having in 1887, offer
ed in the Senate of the United States. and
carried the resolution recognizing the indie
pendence of Texas, first proposing in my let
| ter of the 9Th of January, 1874, the mode, by
| compact (alone practicable, by which, my
motion, Texas was admitted into the Union,
distinctly advocating in this letter the re-
annexation OF Texas, with view to secure
the ultimate disappearance of slavery and
negroism from the whole country, in oppo.
sitlon to the object officially avowcd by Mr..
| Calhoun, to annex Texas for the purpose of
perpetuating slavery, ! shall, in future let
ter, discuss this subject, involving not not
only our furnishing certain and abundant
supply OF cheap cotton, but securing the real
monopoly of this great product, due to our
peculiar soil and climate, and thus ultiu ately
increasing our product and manufactures
thousands of millions of dollars, and giving
us the control of the commerce of the world
If Maryland would only initiate this pol.
Icy and come to the rescue of the Union from
rebellion and foreign tervention, she would
inscribe her name first on the page of history
and In the gratitude of our country and man
kind. The position of Maryland upon the
Chesapeake, the Potomac, the Susqu ehanna
and Atlantic is most commanding. She sur.
rounds the Capital. 1t was her own noble
donation, and she is its national guardian
and sentinel. Her waters, cutting the Blue
Mountains and the Allegheny, flow into the
Atlantic and Mississippi, thus making her an
Eastern and Western State Throu ghout
all her borders not citizen would lose any
thing by the change proposed, but all would
be enriched. Take down the barriers of sla
very, and a new and unprecedented cur
rent of population and capital would flow in
to the State. Property would rise immense
ly in value, the price of her lands would soon
reach those of Pennsylvania, new towns and
cities would spring into life, Cumberland
would soon equal the great manufacturing
cites of the North, and the railroad to Pitts.
burg would soon be completed. Baltimore
would fulfil her mighty destiny, and canal
up the Sasquebanna, equal to the grand work
of New York, would connect her with Lakes
Erie and Ontario. Such would be the effect
of this measure on the material interests of
Maryland, and, let me add, ef at least all the
Border States, whilst the President does not
overstate its influence in crushing the rebel
lion and restoring peace. This measure
adopted by Maryland and the Border States
the Rebel cause would be regarded as hope
less, at home and abroad, and would be aban-
doned in despair. Dreadful, indeed, is the
responsibility to God and their country fall
who oppose this measure.
MARYLAND the Border Statas and the South