The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1862-07-21

amounted In New Enelan - over two ana three quar-
millions q d'aas-n Increase 81 65s per cent In the
Middle Siatos the value nearly ave and a half mi
lions having Increased ~ the rata q 1922 per centu
In the Mese States. whore the increase was most ex
traofdinary, he Nalue 81 i'm eueus produced was alA
meuted 81 923 ,927 81 a55 ,545 The increment
alone In those states was tn eore, only traction less
than the product the whole northern section q ne
Union in 1850 and was grsater b cent than their
manufacture in tha IN each Or tue states OF
Ohio and Illinois, which arc tto sest ~ 81 "a
the West tho value Ol tho rr1iue eAeeeaed TWO ana
half millions dollars he AZ increase III iEe former 81
$751; and Ia the latte 235 per cent IN Ten years sncn
igan Indiana and Wisconsin eased their production
of agricultural implements $50 Esd and POI per cent
respectively While 10 some os the southern States
there has been decrease. IL Virginia, Aiahama anu
Louisana in this branch has been large and
in Texas which reported ii 1850, agricultuIa u
plemens Of tho value Of S40 manufactured in
1880 The whole value produced the southern states
in the year {neluliug gns was 81 5s2 ASS
exhibiting Inc ease OF over lol per cent In the last
decade
The quantity pig returned by the Of 1860
Ala tons, valued sly 4s7 79o increase Of
444 per upon the vae returned In 1850. Par and
rolled iron amounted to 400 98 tons, OF the value
of s22 24s 7s6 Of 1875 per cent over the
united products II rolling mills and orges which in
1850 Of the value Of SIS 93S 1856 This large pro-
ducton OF and quarter millions OF tons Of iron,
equivalent to % pounds for each nhabitant speaks
volumes Tor tbs progress Of the naton in all its industrial
and material inse SITS Tho manufacture holds relations
OF the most beneficial character wide circle OF mpor
tan interests intimately affecting the entire population
the propretos and miners Of ore, coal, and imesoLe
lands the and mprpveIs OF woodlands Of rail-
roads canals ats ships and OF every other form
OF transport ton the producers of food clothing and
other supplies in addition 10 thousands of workmen me-
chants and capitalists and their families, who have d.
rectly particpased IN the benefits resulting from this
great industry Il has supplied the material for
an immense lumber OF foundres, and for thousands
OF blscksniths nachinsts, miiiwrghts and manrsac
tnrers OF nails. rdNae, cutlery edged tools and aer
workers IN metas, whose prncucls are OF immense az
gregate and OF the first necessity The production
OF 50 large quantity Of iron, and particularly q bar
IRON ana ths 3aoano 1or sdai'iona ON
ABROAD, tel oil is o8fe.s q u.e count " eNL ana
naval architecture aad ~ ergneetins ans 81 the
construction OF t4Ylssea ~ti tssgiALAs, AhieA have
spread Ike a ne; oer Inc whole eouaig q steam en-
gines and locomotives. o. spanning, waovng wood and
metal working; milling, muing anG slhor machinery,
and OF Oil the muilIorm Instruments Al science, asrcu
and the rIs, both Of peace and OF war OF the
" every Conceivable article OF convenience
luxury OF the hou-ehuld, the fed the factory The
aggregate tatEtVg OF iron exhibit the extent 10 which
the general condition. OF the peo. lie has been improved
ny this great OF ciyzaton during the ten years
embraced in this retrospect.
The materials for The manufacture Of iron-ore, coal
and other fuel, water power. &care 50 diiased, absn
dant and chca that entire Independence Of foreign sup
plies appears to be alike de rabie and attanabe AZ no
distant period
Probably class OF statstis more general
interest Illustrating The rccsAt prog ess of tho coun
try in all The operative branches, and IA mechanical
gineering, than those relating to machinery Nearly
every section OF the country particularly tho Atlantic
SLOPE possesses great aaencs Of water power which
has been ise.y appropriated for yaricus uanutac
turing imposes. The construction of hydraulic ma
chinery Of stationary and locomotive steam engines
and all the machinery used in mines mills. furL
FORCES and factories. the building OF roads bridges
canals, railways &C.; and for all Other purposes OF the
engineer and manufacturer, has become pursuit OF
great magntude The annual product OF the general
chinsts and mwrights establishments, as returned in
the census OF 1850, was valued at ST. ,99S 344 The
value OF the same branch exclusive Of sewing machines
amounted in 1860 SAT Is $50, increase Of
eighteen millions in ten years. The Middle states
the largest producers having made forty-eghg per
cent of the whole bat the southern ana Western States
exhibit the largest relative increase. The ratio OF in
land 1914 per middle states IS. q southern, 3S7;
and Western, lz7.psr cent. The Pacific States pro
duced machinery OF the valae N 81 jS6,5l0, OF
which Caliorna Iaade 81 100 So In Rhode island the
business was slightly dimuished but Ia Connecticut it
had increased 1876 per The great facilities pos
sessed by New York aud Fennsyvanis il iron coal and
transportation made them the largest manufacturers Of
machinery Which in the former Was made 70 The value
OF $40 4S4 SfS, ire after S72s3 453ian increase
of 244 and IS per cent respectively. New jersey rnied
her product to 50 2i5 67s, roeeasc 2si per cert
while De and Macy ard the District Of Colum
ba exhibited increase Of 81, Al and COZ per cent
spccvey Ia ll the southern States the value the
manufacture tfcul h sla largely increased; the
ratio ii virgin NJ the largest PRODUCER berg 23s per
cent while IA Aissississ siahana and S0eth clr1ina
the mex. IN aSi.sm pfoauetton !. WIS 1885, 270 aud
525 per ccntuui leSreativeiy. This was exclusive or
cotton gins, which iaciG led with agrieultal mn
chinery, Ohio WIS the largest producer the West,
81 555 oo5 IN increase u l25 per cent on tine pr 3uct
Of 1850. hontucNy ranked next among tnc Western
States, having produced over enc million dollars worth
and increased her produces 2l3 percent. The ratio Of Ia
crease the oLh.r Western ~taes w4s-ln indiana IS
in Illinois, III Wisconsin, EOS Missouri 2i4, aud 5wa
29l0 per cent respectively but ia Michigan there
small decrease in the amount manufactured
FoU1DRiEs.
Besides large amount Of machinery and other castings
Included the returns ma.hn shops tie value Of the
production foundries returned by census Of
1850 reached the 81 970 1873 Increase Of ~
per cent the value Of that branch in 1890 which
$40 Ill ,5i7 New York whose extensive stove iounGres
swell ne production that stare made 10 the
Of $ 2l6l24 ard Peapsylv mia 81 97T 793,
crease q 80 and 500 per cent respectively.
Coal usEs
With the subject Of iron and its various manufactures
tina, Il fossil fuel naturally associates itself The uno
quaed wealth ard rapid development Of the coal Geds Of
progress affords Il the must striking evidences OF
advance The product or all the coal mines Of the
annual Of the anthracite aud btumil5us COAL
cordiug to the sighh $40 0O0 600 The
increase over 900 900 and was az the rate Of
1923 cent ON The product Of 1850 Il was chiefly
duced III Pennsylvania, Ohio and Virginia The
coal mined II Pennsylvania, in 1850, was
1880, tie state produced ss1 $50 tons 4 anthra
cite worth sll $50 54 and OF btuninous coal 994 EOS
bushels, valued at s2ss5 $50. making total value Of
product or the Onion in 1850. Of buminous coal Ohio
raised = $50 800 bushels, the value Of whisn vas
81 .53g,7l3, and Virginia 9.542 SGT bushels worth
$500 1ss. The increase in ohio 500 5s7 ard IA yr
gnia s222 49, IN the value Of mineral ucl beng the
OF ll3 per cont In the former and A. per
the latter. the increase in Pennsylvania was ITO per
centum On the yield Of 1850.
MINING
The development Of our several valuable mines Of coal
iron lead, copper zinc, gold silver quicksilver chrome
Sc i su6sctof the highest satisfaction constituting,
as they 10, the repository and ountanhsad " crude
mater ais for immense and varied industry tho
metaurgic and chemical arts. Mining in its ssvoral
branches employs very large amount OF capital and
great numbers Of iaborous population, and shows
steady increase IN tho as ten years The product OF the
gold mines the Atlantic states has, however, fallen or
since the discoveries Of gold IN California.
PRINTING PRESSES
Tho increase Of printing presses 10 tho book and news
paper man ufacture has been great beyond all precedent
and has exerted the most berefcen influence By cheap
enng and multiplying the vehicles Of instruction IT'S
effects are cverywhere apparent. Never did IN army
before possess 50 much OF cultivated intellect demand
such contributions fr its mental food as that now mar
shaed IL country's defence. Many OF these reading
soldiers rpened their Intellectual stcs during the last
years In fact many divisions of our army carry the
printing press ana type aud the soldiers ssus prb'c1
tons aud print the forms for official papers The pross
IT, indeed, tho great prompter OF enterprise II Con
santly travels with the emgrant to dtruse light aud in
tclgencs relnotest frontsrs whore Il speedily
calls lno exits ence the paper mill aud ell the
which u supports ia older communities
BOow, NEWSPAPER PRINTING
II New England, the Middle and Western states, The