The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1862-02-19

mug IN every sea OeIedtn lue hhOtc ueafoDs
supreme over your Army and Navy and th
mighty legions ofthe people themselves whe
they rush TO the rescue OF violated Consti
tutloh. To-day this supreme law is deiie,
and cloven down by the red arm Of rebellion
in eleven States. extending from the Potoma
to the Rio Graude To lit up over all ihs
vast region the ALLEN ensign oil the Repub iC
and reassert and enforce ITS supreme law, !
the firstduty and fixed purpose Of the people
and allow me to add, the first duty, as trus
it is the fixed purpose Of the peoples Repre-
sentatives. In the discharge Of this patrioti
duty, in the execution OF this sublime purpos
OF saving nations lie by enforcing nation
laws, what are the rights. powers and dutie
Of the Government OF the United States?
Sir, answering this question, now upon ev
cry tongue, standing upon the Constitution
not daring to look nor desiring to look beyon,
It's grants of power or its limitations OF power
| affirm that the Government Of the Uniet
4 States may and clti authorizs and by force d.
against these traitors. whatever. in conson
ance with natural justice, may be necessary
to the speedy and complete suppression o
this -ehe lion. #s
Irepeat IT, sir. that whatever is necessar,
I to he don, for the comm N defense and tht
man enance o' the nation's Ii e. rnay be done
and required to re me by the very term,
tof the Consultation Aud vet sir, with {
"sitkly sentimentaiity" we have been admon
iShed upol this floor and elsewhere that ne
cessity il the plea oftyranis Do not gentle
men know that it j. only by wronSfully AFRO
: eating and assuming the rightiul powers o
good government, that tyrantS rule? Tyrants
enforce their assumed authority and unright.
eous deerees by arms; does it thence result
I that a Just and benetiaiant Government
wrongfully and wlckedly aSsailed and threat
ened with overthrow may not. il need be,
protect and preserve is own existence by
arms? Why, sir. it is an accepted maxim o
the common law oi naions-th, growth OF
centuries, the gathered wisdom Of thousand
years that whatcveris necessary to the pre-
servation ofa State is just. with this Iimita
tion-th whatever is Inherently unjust is
never necessary. When nation is d iven to
the assertion OF its rights by war the end OF
which il to obtain Justice by io,ce, when not
obtainable By any other method, il has the
right TO do against the enemy whatever it
| find necessary or the attainment of that end
"Rieh goes hand in hand with neressitv and
the exisencies ot the case but never exceeds
them" rha; is the accepted law Of the civ
ilizsd world, recognized in the courts OF eve
ry civilized State, and uttered by all The
great writers on international law.
War, then is the necessary assertion of q
nations rights by force, ard without the au-
thority Of law The one il just, the other
unjust War may be international or civil.
frrsiln or domestic, that is, IL may | e waged
against one nation bv another separate and
i dependent nation. or war may he wrongful
I " leviet bv the citizens OF "a State against
their own Cove, ,nment. This las,is the war
which to day shakes the Republic, and OF
witch the Constitution speaks when II de-
clafes "tha' treason agi'ust'he Ucitea States
shall Gu sist only in levying war against
Them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving
them aid and comfp,i." In the suppression
OF this civil war--this reasonable war, wag
ed by rebt citizens against the Constitution
ald laws--the Government by law. inaysu.
thorize and by frce do not only all that Is
sanctioned by the law Of nations in eases Of
international conflict hus il may rightiuliy
and constitutioailly do more; it may iiflct
death upon conviction, IN accordance with its
statute, upon every person owing allegiance
to it who has levied or shall levy this unnat
urahwar against it, or who has adhered or
shall adhere to these rebels, giving them aid
and m ort, either within the United States
or elsewhere | cannot and do not agree
With what have heard in imated here--that
because Great Britain has proclaimed herself
neutral as between the United States and
the insurgents, that the treason OF the insur
gents i hereby legaiz4d:that your statute
against tresson is thereby repealed; or that
these traitors are thereby clothed with the
'IistnS or entitled to the imnuniies OF the
subjects OF a belligerant but sovereign AMI in
dependent Sta e. No sir all the foregr Powers
on Gods ear h cannot by p' oelana ions OF
neutrality and recognition OF these insurgents
As bellge enls invest them wi h sovereignty
or al,soivs them rom The dread penalty of
their crime. 10 suppress tbas rebellion and
punish his trels0n which has tor is oil iect
the overthrow OF the Cunsti u ion and laws,
is the riehr OF the GOV rninent, resting upon
and declared by the express pr vlslons VI The
Consultations The President shall take
car1 that the laws be aithfully executed"
and shall "Solemnly swear" that he "Mill
aithfulsexecuie the office OF the President
his ability preserve, protect. and defend the
Constitution The duty enjeined upon The
President to execute ;he laws ot the Union
1.-THE supreme laws OF the land necessarlly
implies, inasinueh as he Constitution does
moi exeeu ltselt, that he shall he vested by
the law making power with the authority
needtul to thafend.
y What are the law making powers o. the
Government and what department OF The
Government is authorized to exercise them?
Look again to the Constitution, the great
charter Uf the natl. MS right'S-the wrtltet
expression 4 he pe ,ple's will, That ins ru Z
ment provides that ''ail Legislative p,wer
herein granted, shall be YES Ell IN q Congress
.of the United ,tates, which saall cpnslsi a
Senate and House OF Representatives. o.
the legislative powers thettia granted deem
it only necessary ioiny present purp So 10
enulnerate the following: rss8i5k
"The Congress sitall~have power to le"y aud
collect taxes, duties. inposts,; and exercises to
say The deots and provide for the C0AMos De-
FENsE and GENERAL WELFARE Of the United
States: ftt ~ M tWa5M af 6it
R"To borrow and coin money, and regulate COR.
meree: san IL 4E55asg s#if az EIt
"To constitute tribunals Inferior to the Su-.
preme Court, ?
ITO define and punish piracies and afconies
committed on the high seas and offences against
the law vi nations: ssb as@ ~ 20
'To declare war, grant letters of naarqHe and
reprisa.s, and make rules CONCERNING captures by
land and warer: itft go E'AsF9tf fat ia
$50 raise and srpport armies; & 81
Is ITO provide and maintain a navy: s.4 a. u
.'Io make rules for the Government and regu
Iation OF the land and naval forcess
ITO provide for calling forth the militia 10 exc
cute the lave of the Union, suppress insured
tions and repel inyasions; h Us9 st.s a $
At'Toproside for organizing, arming and dicirl
plining the militia, and for governing such part
Of them as may be employed in the service of
the United States: g F@sisF 9
To declare the punishment Of .treason; I'll
II ITO make all laws which shall be Necessary
and proper for carrying iuto execution the Fore
going powers and all other powers vested by
this Constitution in the Government of the
pnited, StatessHor in any departments or olicer
"a Thus have the peopleby their Constitution
lntfusted toi oiGougresss IN order 10 provide BY /
In sEf hal 4.