The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1862-05-23
1t4fmAgayoO foGaI GIL a. ss9gAsa1as agU
The English Chancellor Of the Exche-
quer On American Affairs.

, Mr.. Gladstone, the. English Chancellor o.
the exchequer has made : speech at Man
chester on the struggle in America, which
has attracted great attention ia England.
From verbatim report Of it, we make q
lew noticeable extracts & = " -
No doubt if we would see that this was
a contest of slavery or freedom, there is not
a man in the length and breadth of this
room-there, perhaps, is hardly q man in all
England-that would, for one moment, hes
itate upon the side which he would take.
But we have no faith in the propagation OF
free institutions at the point of the sword.
Hear, hear. 1t is not by such means
that the ends of freedom are to be gained.
Freedom must be freely accepted and freely
embraced. You cannot invade nation ia
order to convert its institutions from bad
ones into good ones and our friends in the
North have, as we think, made great mis-
take in supposing that they can bend all
the horrors of this war to philanthropic
ends. Indeed, gentlemen, there are those
among US that think-and / confess, for
one, that have shared the apprehension
that if, in the course of vicissitudes of the
war, the southern states of America should
send an embassy to Washington, and should
say, "Very we'll, we are ready to lay down
our arms on one condition we are ready
to renew the compact; we are ready to at.
tach to it every guarantee and security that
you can imagine for your holding US fast !;
but upon one condition-that you shall as.
sure us that there shall be no interference
with our domestic institutions, "-ah, gen.
tlemen, we have had the fear that that ap,
plication, if it were made, would receive a
very favorable reply. Hear, hear.
think that it was well stated by my noble
colleague, Lord Russell, "that was a
struggle on the one side for supremacy, and
on the other for independence" Cheers.
Now, gentlemen, l cannot but sympathze
with those who are making the struggle for
supremacy. 1t is painful to surrender a
great, an imposing, and a magnificent ma.
tional unity. We, the English people, in
other times have felt that pain. Hear,
hear. We know what it was. Hear,
hear. Old George HI. upon the throne,
who had the feelings of an EDglishman--
whether you may approve his policy in all
things or not, he was true Englishman in
heart and sentiment George III. felt his
heart /" rent in twain" by the decoration of
the empire when the American colonies
were parted from US. 80 But gentlemen ]
think we feel this, that the experience we
have had in our national history in some
degree gives us the means of judging of the
prospects of the American struggle better
than those which are possessed by the
Americans themselves. We have felt that,
after the pain of that severance was over,
we came at length to recognize it as good,
and we are thankful that the American
colonies were parted from US, because we
think we could not have governed them as
much for their own advantage as they have
been enabled govern themselves. Cheersl
Some persons may say the southern States
are great deal stronger than Scotland id
former times; but the Englishman as well
as the Scotchman knows that when it was
the object of England to establish q su-
premacy over Scotland, the Scotch proved
themselves to be what are called !" very
ugly customers" laughter !; and at length
it was not the exercise of force, but it was q
sense of policy and prudence on both sides,
dictated in the main by natural cirumstan-
ces, that led to the union of the two king
doms. But the position Of the northern
States is this -" We won't let you Lgo."
The position of the southern States is
eve are determined to co. Now, gentle.
men, you are men of business, and if one
of you has got a partner, and that partner
wants to separate from YOU ask you
whether, in the long run, it would not be
very difficult to hold him. Laughter
But l ask you more; supposing you were
able to hold that partner, supposing
you could contrive ?. some indenture OF
partnership by which he should abdicate
his free will and tie himself to you like
captive to the chariot wheel OF a victor, but
he stiI retaining an alienated heart-no
common interest in your business-a desire
to trip you up and embarrass you-why, I
say, you would not hold that partner if you
could Laughter and cheers. The north.
ern States of America have undertaken
military enterprise OF enormous difficulty.
1t is but fair, think, that we should record
our sense OF the vast and gigantic energies
which they have unfolded in the prosecution
of that military enterprise. Hear, hear.]
They have bad certain successes in the field.
But, gentlemen, again fall back upon our
English experience, If you revert to the
annals of the war of independence between
the American colonies and this country,
where were the successes 10 the field 10 that
war? 1t was not for want of successes in
the field that we did not conquer the Amer.
lean colonies. 1t was this---,hat we found
when we had successes in the field we were
no nearer our object than before. 1t is not
the question when you are erdeavoriDg to
conquer country whether you can break
up its embattled armies and drive them off
the plain where they have contended with
you in the fight; the question is this, and
this alone, whether the heart of the country
is set upon separation. Hear, hear, and
cheers,l j, If it is not set upon separation
it may be conquered but if it is set upon
a separation, and if the blood of Washings
ton, and of the men of Virginia of his day,
still runs in the veins of those who inhahit
Southern America, then it is all but impos-
sibIe that the military object should be
effected, and, if the military object were