Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1862-1865, 1862-12-06

shereby TO the people lHluuchse sums IL
exchanges.
A retnrn to specie payments, however, at the earliest
,oriod compatible with due regard to. all interests con
rsrned should ever be kept in view. Fluctuations In the
yalue Of currency are always injurious, and 70 reduce
these fluctuations to the lowest possible point will always
ne a leading purpose in wise legislations. Converubllity,
nrompt and certain couvertibiity into coin, is generally
,ckpoxledped to be the best aud surest safeguard
AGAINST them; and it is e1tremely doubtful whether a cir
citation Of United States notes, payable in coin, and
sufficiently large for the wants of the people, can be
permanently, usefully and safely maintained,
is there, then, any other mode in which the necessary
| nroyision for the public wants can be made, and the
Great advantages of a safe and uniform currency secured!
know of none which promise so certain results aud
Is. at the same time, so unobjectionable, as the organlEa'
ton Of banking associations, under general act oil Con
gress, well guarded in lis provisions. To such associations
he Government might furnish circulating notes, on tne
.ecurity of the United States bonds deposited IN the
treasury. These notes, prepared under ne supervision
If proper officers, being uniform in appearance ana Sc
curity, and convertible always into coin, would al once
protect labor against the evils of a vicious currency, and
facilitate commerce by cheap and safe exchanges.
A moderate reservation from the interest on the
bonds would compensate the United States Tor the pre-,
p~aration aud distribution OF these notes, and a general
supervision OF the system, and would hghten the Durueh
| of that part of the public debt employed as securities
! The public credit, moreover, would be greatly improved,
ana the negotiation of new loans greatly facilitated by
he steady market demand for Government bonds which
the adoption Of the proposed system would create
II is an additional recommendation OF the measure, OF
considerable weight, in my judgment, that It would re-
copcile. as far as possible, all existing interests, by the
opportunity offered to existing institutions to reorganlze
under the act, substituting only the secured uniform ma
uonal circulation for the local and various circulation
secured and unsecured, now issued by them.
The receipts into the Treasury from all sources, in
cIpd NO loans and balance from the preceding year, for
he fiscal wear, ending on the S0th June, lso2, were
ASS SIS OH O6, of which sum $40, 056, S9T 62 we're de-
rived from customs; 81, 795, S3l 70 from the direct tax
from public lands Sl62, 20S II; from miscellaneous
sources 1891 1877 "a from loans in all forms so2s,os2,
100 sO. The remainder s 2,257,0G5 so, was the balance
from last year.
The disbursements during the same period were for
Congressional. Executive, and Judicial purposes, S5,sS9,-
OOg ~, for foreign intercourse, sl,5Ss,iiO 90 LOT
miscellaneous expenses, including the minis, loans, post
Office deficiencies, collection OF revenue, ana other IKE
charges. SI4Ise,7 III So; for expenses under The lnie'
r;or DepsrtmenL IS, l02, 9S5 81; under War Depart
ment. SSqI. S6S4GT SO; under the Navy Department,
$40 ga. $50 90; for interest on public debt, slS,lsO,S 24
~; and for payment OF public debt including relh'
bursement Of temporary loan, and redempuons, ss6'o96',
900 O9. making an aggregate OF s5T1,s4l, 700 20 and
leaving a balance in the Treasury on the hnst day Of
July, 1862, of SlS,04S,5i6 81.
II should be observed that the sum of S9d, 096, 922 O9,
expended for reimbursements and redemption OF public
debt, being also included in the loans made, may DE pro-
perlv deducted, both from receipts aud expenditures,
leaving the actual receipts for the year SlSI, ISs,326 81,
and the expenditures, S47i,74i,77s IL.
Mr.. Lincoln next touches briefly upon the reports OF
the Secretaries of War aud Navy, the condition of the
Postal and Interior Departments, which possess no in
terest.
rHE INDIAN TRIBES.
The Indian tribes upon our frontiers have, during the
mast wear, manifested d spirit of insubordination, and,
A. several points, have engaged in open hostiliiies against
the white ,rulementsin their vicinity. The tribes occu'
pying the Indian country South OF Kansas renowned
their alsc' nee to the United States and entered into
treaties with the insurgents. Those who remained loyal
90 the United States we're driven from the country
The Chief OF the Cl~rokees has visited ths CITY Tor the
purpos- of restoring the former relations Of the tribe
With the United States. He alleges that they were con
strained by superior force to enter into treaties with the
insurgents. ana tlat the United States neglected to fur
nish the protection which their treaty suPulAuons re
In the month Of August last the Sioux Indians, in
Minnesota. attacked the settlements in their vicinity
with extreme ferocity, killing Unfortunately, men, wo-
men and children. This stack was wholly unexpected,
and. therefore, no means Of defence had been provided.
Il J.. estimated that not less than eight hundred persons
we've killed hy the indians, and u large amount OF prop
,rty was DESTROYED. How this outbreak was induced Is
not definitely kuOwn, aud suspicious, which may be IN
lust. need not be stated. Information WAS received by
the Indian Bureau, from different sources, about the
time ho-tilu ; were commenced, that a simultaneous
attack was to be made upon the white setlementsby all
the tribes between the Mississippi river and the Rocky
Mountains. The State Of Minnesota has suffered great
injury from this Indian war. A large portion OF her ter
ritOrv has been drpopulAted and = severe loss has been
sustained by the destruction Of property. The people
OF that State manifest much anxiety for the removal OF
the tribes beyond the limits Of the United States as a
guarantee against future hostilities. The Commissioner
of Indian Affairs will furnish full details,
L submit for your especial consideration whether our
Indian system shall not be remodelled. Many wise and
good men have impressed me with the belief that this
can be ~prohtably done.
After recommending the early completion Of the Pa
cifc Railroad, aud an allu,ion to the Department Of Ag-
r]iculturc now in operation, Mr.. Lincoln takes up his IA
nous Tor iu.lmous) proclamation, aud ecommends a
scheme Of
COMPENSATED EMANCIPATION"
On the 22l day of September last, 4 Proclamation
was issued bv the Executive, a copy of which u here
with submitted. In accordance with the purpose eN-
pressed In the second paragraph Of that paper, | now re-.
.~pcctfuIlv call your attention to what may be called
compensated Emancipation
The nation NAV hc said TO consist Of the people, it,
territory and-its Laws. Tho territory Is the only part
which i OF certain durability. lone generation pas,eth
away and another generation cometh, but the earth
abideth forever" II il OF the first Importance to duly
consider and estimate this ever enduring part. That
portion of the eIrth's surface which is owned and
Inhabited by the people of the United States il well
adapted to bc the home of our National family, and it
/, not well adapted for two or more. ls vast extent and
is variety Of climate and productions are of advantage
ia this age for one people, whatever they might have
been ia iogme: ages. Steam, ~teleSraphs and Intelligence
have brought these to be an advantageous combination
for one united people,
lie hero rcproiuces the language of his inaugural,
pointing out the " total inadequacy u disunion as u
remedy Tor Jhe differences between the people of the
two sections" and proceeds;
There is no line, straight or crooked, suitable for 4
national boundary, upon which TO divide. Trace. through,
from East to West. upon the line between the free aud
slave country, and We shall find n little more than one
third of it, length are rivers, easy to be crossed, and
populated, or sool to he populated, thckly upon both
sides; while nearly all its remaining length are merely
surveyor lines, over which people may walk back aud
forth without ans consciousness Of their presence. No
part OF this line can be made am more difficult to pass,
hN MriIinv 10 down on pAper or n%lrchment, as q national