The Jeffersonian Democrat. [volume] (Chardon, Ohio) 1854-1865, 1862-09-05
Secretary Seward to Earl Russell.

Secretary Seward has written long and
able lottcr to Earl Russell, in roply to ono
recently writton by tho latter, on American
affairs. llo states that tho object of the
war is to secure peace, refors to tho desire,
both in America aud Europe, to sec it tcrmi-
mated, and says:
Certainly this government and tho Amor
ican people are eyon more confident of the
preservation of the Union now than thoy
were year ago. and arc, thorefore, oven
less likely now than they were then to accept
peace, with tho inconceiyable pains and
perils of dissolution. Can it be prosump-
tuous, then, for us to ask European states
mon TO roviow, in the light of tho events of
tho war, tho opinion which they formed at
so carly q stage of il, that the opinion itself
might. perhaps, properly bo doomed pref.
udico'
OF course, in such review tho observer
would not overlook tho contrast between
the position which tho Federal Government
held n year ago and Its present situation.-I
Thon it had boon practically expelled, with
all its authorities civil military, and naval
from every State south of tho Potomac,
Ohio, and Missouri rivers, while it was held
in close siege in this Capital, cut off from
communications with ovon tho States which
had remained loyal
Now it has virtually rotakon all tho posi-
tions it 30 carly lost on tho seabOard; il
possesses tho Mississippi and all tho great
natural highways, aud has forced tho In
Burgents to bat;lo in tho most inaccessible
part of tho insurroctonary district. The
forces and the resources of tho Government
are unexhaustod and increasing. Those of
tho insurgents are diminished aud becoming
nearly exhausted, Has disioyaty
boeu found an indomitabo sentiment in this
war 1t porvadod this Capital and this
District at tho beginning of tho strife. II
no longer exists here. 1t divided Maryland
and provoked conflict there. Tho Union is
now as strong in that State as in any ono o.
tho always loyal States. 1t committed
Missouri 10 the pretended new Contederacy
Missouri is now active aad earnest among
tno loyal States. 1t placed Kentucky in al
attitude of neutrality; but Kentucky is to
day firm, resolute, aud oven self devoted Il
tho Union. Iu other regions whero dis
loyalty was more general, such us Eastern
Virginia, Tunnossuo, Louisiana and Mort
Carolina, acquiosced under tho Fedora
authorities has promptly followed their ap
paarance there, aud tho preliminary step
are taken for tho restoration of tho laws {
:ho Union. it is u simple fact that loyalt
re-appeaIs everywhere, just 40 fast as til
successes of tho Government arc doomo
sufficient TO afford guarantee for rolianc
upon its protection. Tho disunonists, owe
in thoir strongest holds, arc not poopi,
but only faction, SURPRISING tho loyal
numbers, and silencing thom by terrors an
soyoritios in many placosi but, nevertheless
100 fow and feeble to prevent the return
any district or any State to tho Union
tho presence and undor the protection
the Federal authorities,
Tho President asks foreign nations
consider that We ara only at tho end of on
wear now, and yot tho whole effective maj
of tho insurrectionary region has boo
brought into tho field by conscription. I'll
credit of tho revolution is dead before I'll
frat dollar has been raised by taxation I
support it, and tho territory which mul
boar taxation is at once reduced to tho MAJ
rowest limits, and 10 exhausted OF its woalt
and supplies.
lie thus troats tho delicate quos tion {
African slavery;
Tho region wboro tho insurrection sti
remains ilagrant embraces all or parts
several States, wish u whto population q
6 100000 and negro population of 3 800 0O
chiefly sIaVos. IL is thus seen TO DO WI
between Two parties of tho whito raeo, NJ
only In tho presence but in tho worry mids
Of tho enslaved negro race.
IL is notorious--we could not conceal th
fact il we would--that the dispute botwee
thom arose out of questions in which th
negro race have deep and lasting interos
and that their sympathies, wishes and in
teroSts naturally, necessarily, inevitably, ia
on tho side of iho Union. Such civil wa
between Two parties OF the whlIo racO, il