The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1862-12-12


are as yet the only countries to which colonists
of African descent from here could go with GER
tainty of being received and adopted as citizens,
and regret to say that such persons, contem-
plating colonization, do not seem SO willing to
emgrate to these countries as to some others,
nor so willing as think their interest demands
believe, however, the opinion among them in
this respect, is improving, and that ere long,
| there will be an augmented and considerable
Lenigration to both these countries from the u
| nited States.
4 The new commercial treaty between the Uni
| ted States and the Sultan OF Turkey has been
carried into execution. A commercial and con-
sular treaty has been negotiated subject to the
Senate's consent with Liberia, and similar ne
gotiation is now pending with the Republic of
Hayti. A considerable improvement of the ma
tional commerce is expected to result from these
measures. Our relations with Great Britain,
France, Spain Portugal, Russia, Prussia Den
mark, Sweden, Austria, the Netherlands, Italy,
Rome, and the other European States remain
undisturbed Very favorable relations also con-
| tinue to be maintained with Turkey, Morocco,
! China and Japan During the last year there
has not only been no change of our previous re-
lations with the independent states of our own
continent, friendlier sentiments than have here
| tofore existed are believed to be entertained by
! these neighbors whose safety and progress are
so intimately connected with our own. This
statement especially applies to Mexico, Costa
Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Peru and Chill.
The commission, under the Convention with the
Republic of New Grenada, closed its sessions
without having audited and passed upon all the
claims which were submitted to it. A propo-
| sition is pending to revive the convention, that
it may be able to do more complete justice The
commission between the United States and the
Republic of Costa Rica has completed its la
bors and submitted its report. have favored
the project for connecting the United States
with Europe, by an Atlantic telegraph, and a
similar project to extend the telegraph from San
Francisco to connect by Pacific telegraph with
the wire which is being extended across the
Russian Empire t..a'
The territories of the United States, with un-
important exceptions, have remained undistur-
bed by the civil war, and they are exhibiting
such evidence of prosperity as justifes an ex-
pectaton that some of them will soon be in |
condition to be organized as States and be con-
stitutionally admitted into the Federal Union.
The immense material resources of these terri |
sibie. Every step in that dirernun wbuIu nave
a tendency to improve the revenues OF the gov
ernment and diminish the burdens OF the people.
1t is worthy of your serious consideration whe.
ther come extraordinary measures to propoge
the end cannot be adopted The mea~' "hioh
suggested itself as most likely to 30 eiiec'lse
q scientific exploration of the nilierai ree.ohS
in these territories with view 10 .ne Puoi'oa-
tion of its results at home and In foreign conh-
tries, results which cannot fail to be auspieious'
The condition of the finances VIII claim your
most digent consideration. The vast expen-
ditures incident to the military and naval opo-
rations required for the suppression OF the re-
bellion, have hitherto been met with a promp- |
tltude and certainty unusual in similar circum-
stances, and the pnblic credit has been MAN.
taned. The continuance OF the war, however,
and the increased disbursements made necessa-
ry by tile augmented forces now in the field, |
demand your beet reflections as to the best mode
of providing the necessary revenue without IN |
Jury to business, and with the least possible bur-
dens upon labor. The suspension OF specie
payments by the banks soon after the commence
mcnt of your last session made large issues OF
limited States notes unavoidable. I'm no other
v,o,. could the payment of the troops and the
sat;sfoc,;, u of other Just demands be SO econom-
icalIy or a. wor provided for. The judicious
legislation of Congress securing the receyaoih-
ty of these notes for loans ai.d interns' au',es'
and making them a legal tender tor other ue1'' !
has made them universal currency, ana has sat |
isfcd, partially at least, and for the time, the
long felt want of a uniform circulating medium,
saving thereby to the people immense sums i'll
discounts and exchanges.
A return to specie payments, however, at the
earliest period compatible with due regard to all
interests, shonld ever be kept in view. 90"
+ Fluctuations in the value of currency are al
ways Injurious. and to reduce these fluctuations
to the lowest possible point will always be
leading purpose in wise legislation.
Convertblty, prompt and certain converti-
blity into coin, is generally acknowledges 10
be the best and surest safeguard against them, |
and it is extremely doubtful whether circula- !
tion of United States notes, payable in com
and sufficiently large for the wants of the peo-
pie can be permanently, usefully and safely main
tained Is there any other mode in which the
necessary provision for the public wants can be
made, and the great advantages of safe and
uniform currency secured? ] know Of none
which promises SO certain results, and at the
same time 80 Objectionable, as the organization
of banking associations under a general act OF
Congress, well guarded in its provisions. 10
such associations the government might furnish
circulating notes on the security OF U. States
bonds deposited in the treasury. These notes,
prepared under the supervision OF. proper oili-
GERS, being uniform in appearances and sccurity,
and convertible always into coin, would at once
protect labor against the evils of a vicious cur
rency and facilitate commerce by cheap and safe
exchanges. A moderate reservation from the
interest on the bonds would compensate the U.
States for the, preparation and distribution OF
the notes, a general supervision of the system,
nnd would .Iinhfen the hurdan of that part Of