Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1862-12-03

increase at no one Of these seven periods
is either two per cent, below or two per
cent above the average; thus showing
how inaexible, and consequently how re-
liable, the law Of increase in our case is.
Assuming that it will continue it gives the
following results: 1870, 42,328,372; 1880,
Sc 966, ,216; 1890, 1857, ,S72; 1900, 1O3,-
POS AS; 1910, 13S, ,9I8. 526; 1920, 1885, 9SA
1885, $780, 25l, ,68O.9l4
These figures show that our country may
be as pOPulous as Europe, at some point
between 1920 and l930-say about 1925,
our territory, at 734 to the square mile, be-
ing Of the capacity to contain 217, ,1S6, 900;
and we will reach this, too, if We do not
ourselves relinquish the chances by the fol-
ly and evils Of disunion, OF BY long, ex-
hausting war, springing from the only
great element Of discord among us. While
it cannot be fOreseen exactly how much
one huge example Of secession, breeding
lesser ones indefinitely, would retard the
population, civilization and property, no
one can doubt that the extent Of il would
be very great and injurious.
The proposed emancipation would shorten
this war perpetuate peace insure this in
crease in population, and prOportionably
the increase in the wealth Of the country.
With this we should pay all that emanei-
patton wsuld cost without our other debts,
easier than we should pay our other debts
without it. If we had allowed our old na-
tional debt to run at 6 per cent. per an
nun, simple interest, from the end Of our
revolutionary struggle till to-day without
paying anything on either principal or in
terest, each man Of US would owe less on
hot Inbf mn fhor
il then, and this because our increase Of
men through the whole period has been
greater than six per cent and has run
faster than the interest upon the debt,
Thus time alone relieves q debtor nation, SO
long as its population increases faster than
unpaid interest aceumuIates on its debt.
This fact would be no excuse for delaying
the payment Of what is Justly due but Il
shows the great Importance of time in this
connection, the great advantage Of q poli--
cy BY which we shall not haveto pay until
we number 100, ,000, 900, what by a differ
ent policy we would have to pay now,
when the numberis 81, 100000. In word,
it shows that dollar will be much harder
to pay for the war, than dollar for eman-
cipatiOn on the proposed plan and then
the latter will cost no bloOd-no precious
life It viii be q saving of both.
As to the second article, think it would
be impraeticable to return to bondage the
class Of persons therein eontemplated.-
Some Of them doubtless, in the property
sense, belong to loyal owners, and hence
provision is made in this article for COM
pensating such.
The third article relates to the future Of
the freed people. It does not oblige. but
merely authorizes Congress to aid in colo
nizing such as may consent. This ought
not to be regarded as Objectionable on the
one hand or on the other, inasmueh as It
comes to nought unless by mutual consent
Of the people to be deported and the Amer
lean voters through their representatives
in Congress. I cannot make it better
known than it already is that I strongly
favor colonization, and yet I wish to say
that there is an objection against the col
ored persons remaining in the country
which is largely imaginary, if not some
times malicious. It is insisted that their
presence would injure and displaee white
labor and white laborers. If there ever
could be proper time for mere arguments,
that time surely is not now.
In times like the present, men should Ut
ter nothing for which they would not
willingly be responsible, through time and
eternity. Is it true, then, that eolored
people San displaes any more white labor
by being free than remaining slaves II
they stay in their own places, they jostle
no white laborers If they leave their
old places, they leave them open to white
lsborers. Logically, there is neither more
nor less Of it.
Emancipation, even without deportation.
would probably enhance the wages Of
white labor, and very surely would not
reduce them. Thus, the customary amount
Of labor would still have to be performed.
The freed people would surely not do more
than their old proportion Of it, and very
probably for time would do less, leaving
an increased part to white laborers, bring
ing their labor into greater demand, and
consequently enhancing the wages Of 1t.
With deportation, even TO q limited ex-
tent, enhancing wages to white labor is
mathematieally certain. Labor is like any
other commodity in the market-increase
the demand for it. and you increase the
price Of it. Reduce the supply Of black
labor by cOlonizing the black laboTer out
Of the country, and by precisely so much
you will increase the demand for, and
wages for white labor. But it is dreaded
that the freed people will swarm forth and
cover the whole land. Win liberation
make them any more numerous Equally
distributed among the whites Of the whole
country, and there would be but one col
ored to seven whites. Could the one in
any way greatly disturb the seven? There
are many communities now, having more
than one free colored person 10 seven
whites, and this without any apparent
consciousness Of evil from it. The Dis
trict Of Columbia and the States Of Mary
land and Delaware are all in this condi-
ton. The District has more than one free
colored to six whites, and yet in its fire.
quent petitions to Congress, believe il
has never presented the presence of free
eolored persons as one Of its grievances.
But why should emancipation south send
free people north People Of any color
seldom run unless there is something to
run from. Heretofore colored people have
fed north to some extent from bondage,
and now, perhaps, from both bondage and
destitution, but if gradual emancipation
and deportation be adopted they will have
neither to fee from. Their own masters
Will give them wages, at least till new Ia
bOrers can be procured, and the freed men
in turn win gladly give their labor fer
wages till new homes can be found for
them in congenial ohmes, and with people
Of their own blood and race.
This proposition can be trusted on the
mutual interests involved, and in any
event cannot the North decide for itself
whether to receive them2 Again, as prsot-
ice proves more than theory in any case,
has there been any irruption northFard,
because Of the adjustment Of slavery in
the District Of Columbia last spring. What
I have said Of the proportion Of free color
ed persons to the white in the District Of