The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1862-07-21


Engaged altogether ON perceea' and several small pr
coal oil works. The erpi. espeauea ~ . na Y
WORKS and caunel coal nne{ ~ ~ nl'u" :" ne.
fonr mllrn srs Iie siasls ned he rrino,ha
business 81 sixteen COMPANIES WHO ese ~ -Aoo inoi
and 40 Won n an hgs, and work for 80 toou'S
makiag the lamp wick. -.
fne eannel coal employed by tlen ~ web - wood
peat and other substances e vegetable origin, wie. so
Jesed b. Destructive disation ID close vessels ~
heat below that at which they yield gas IN abundanle
anorcs large quantity OF light 3uperhasant Oh
ing been purified and red-tied yields very volatile
and napthohs fal OF light specific gravigs Containing
some laratne % md hIehy nilanmabe, ewihe 10 tie
presence or henz5in baazole. There is obaitsd
heavier oil which a safe and valuable burning oil, ~
deuser nbricatng ci. and solid paratine, peculiar
! white cryst Zine s 9stance beautiful adapted For
dies an sctured to extent Tor that aud
sther practical The Fetrolegn IL has
| beer found 10 10 mule economical source Tor
i these several compounds OF carbon and hydro
| gen, ard enables the MANUFACTURER to dispense
with tho first stage OF the process referred
to- IRE chea crude peir aeliD, and the simple
and comlrratvcy unexl ensve process by which safs
and economics anatug oil may DO obtained, give am
unusual interest g this subject, as aiordSpg the means OF
ntinss ths great loss oil fs shown by the recent
result from the dingetous compounds entsn-
eum els whom nnpcriec.ly resiiiea. 10 that altho
benzolo has not been .expelied. arc exceedingly
esnx " s the hsa , Esar ssd Sy n conn
and ignit,ng the etseteai portion 1t may with
great facility bs reed ION al volatile substances,
AMI very simpE, amt pIastica test enables tho pur
chaser gtai fitness for The precautions
required in tho treatment Of petroleum, we'll as the
expense or tiqroaghy purifying Is, being somewhat
IL, aid portion OF the II htcr and cheaper oil
to make the heavy On burn more roldiy. q s-e
All these o possess advan ago over other kinds In
the fact that when properly dcodorzcd they do not
become rancid or torment b. keeping put rather lose by
age any odor they may have retained Fs
OF eight several products oatiInei from petro-
leum b. chemical analysis tw, or three only
the FIRST three or tour remaining perfectly
fluid, and none pssesscd corrosive qualities,
showing thor fitness as llbricaicss Expo ients have
sh wn that crude petroleum. admirably adapted q the
manufacture Of gas, ana have I'D the expc5ati
that s use vii grety reduce the cost e s Insnuaac
tufo E 1t does not entirely aupesede the u coal Tor
that purpcso The alteration gas" by Attaching 10
the gas burner reservoir OF oil, through when the
is made u pass before comb has been found great
ly 70 increase the economy and illuminating power Of
csal gas.
dstillaton which have been generally ascd hereto
VIII all doubtless be utilized Is the progress in analytical
and technical chemistry throws more light upon their
nature aud relations several them aroady EN-
poyed IN Europc If not II this country IN the manu-
ture Of Of tho new and beautiful dyes which practi
cal science has recently ntrodn ell IN the arts BeBzile,
which IL Is the Cd Get OF the fecler TO el!mnate Is
used, 10 some extent, as lavoris material, though
recent facts make it doubtful ii it is wholly IN
noxioas 10 the health
The acids c,s.c alsaies and other materials used in
the purc to Ut the crude qualities o. petroleum may all
be restored employ I'd ctzers and the dense,
pchy liquids ob.ainc in The mlnuac rearc available in
the OF water proof ccnents roong varnish
and fuel The absence VI fatty acids may possibly pre-
the pncaton Of these oils With kaes for the
manufacture Of soap but the more exted,d use OF pc
troeum for the pur hive named, which will be
effected by time and ingroved nianipuiatcns Of the
article, will 8 ce to re.dor II most valuable acqui
ston 10 the raw materials and manufactures Of the
country.
Having partially reviewed the rrcgsessive industry Of
our country during tn last decade, and tho ad-
vancement in nil that relates to The peaceful arts, the
Numerous improvements made in the nnTiencats and
engine OF warfare, which are pa;ont al sundenabe,
deserve consideration. Ou- improved firearms espe
cal.y rifles and PISTOLS have obtained reputation not
aono ~ D ns , s ANU s1S
invention and manu actulo cxort sautary influence
the Bedoun and the rot,Ssr.
~ THE ARMSTRONG GUN INVENTED AMERICA
The machinery for makiag the various parts of rifles
and other Urea ms. which, in It's automic exercise,
seems most endowed with reasoning faculties owes its
origin to the inventive genius OF New lngiand. The En-
nald rife was ransplanted 70 England by son Of Ver
mont under whose superintendent the arns ore made.
And even the Armstrong gun which obta med for s re-
putei inventor the honor Of ighthood invented I'M
this country for modewas submitted and the princi
pie demonstrated 10 scientific gentlemen at Harvard c
lege ante ior t. its ap earancc IN Great Britain.
MADE I:y MAJ HINERy. -.
Tho FIRST rifles made by machinery to use the Mimic
ball or its equivalent, made ut Hartford, Conne
ticut and Windsor, Vermont, for tho English govern
field, England were made at windsor Vermont Hart
ford, Connecticut, and Chcopee, Massa husets. Rob
bins Lawrence did most Of the work on such ma.
Chcopce Works, cot out the stocking machinery and
some other parts. 1919 s-+ aNt.-a s.
In the year preceding June 1880 year devoted to
peaceful pursuits the manufacture Of firearms
limited, and yet two ablishmens in single city OF
Connecticut prodaccd TO tho value Of million Of
years later the gude or this and Kindred branches
OF manufacturer stimulated by tho nscosstcs OF tho
country, would have excited n tonishment. ~
Without any special stimulus to growth--depressed,
indeed during the years 1857 and 1853 in with
other public interests, by The general financial cbar
easements of those years-and with powerful competi
ton in the amazing growth OF manufactures IN Great
Britain and nearly every other nation Of Europe, the
manufactures OF the United States had nevertheless
boon augmented diversified and per.ectsd Ia nearly
every branch ana almost inform ,aroqshous ne
mineral found ready sales at remuneratve prices,
and Increased in amount with the demand, while
commerce aud internal trade were invgoraied by tho
distribution OF both and Manufactured products.
Invention stimulated and rewarded Labor and
capital found aupo and profitable ompq rnent, and
ana unexpected folds were opened for each Agriculture
furnished food and natorals al moderate cost aud tho
skin o!Iour artisans aud multiplied ali artificial
instruments Of comfort and happiness the people,
Even the more purely agricultural States Of the South
rapidly creating manufactures for the Improvement
OF their great staples and their Abundant natural
sources The nation seemed speedily approaching
period of complete ndel Evidence in respect to the pro-
ducts Oh skilled labor and national security and happ
ness seemed about bo insured by the harmonious de-
veopment or al the interests VI the people. Peace
abroad But in an evil hour the tide OF prosperity has
been stayed whether to DO rolled back or not the ninth
census viii reveal. as5 *a4s4 sNs
Among tho evidences OF prosperity and general ac
cumulation Of wealth the United staes the multiple
cation ban Is with increased aggregate capital IL one
OF the most significant When, IN this country has
been generally the case individual promises represent
ing produce and merchandise, and made available
through the fundamentally OF banks, almost the sole
means by which commodities pass from the producers
the consumers the Increased action or tho banks be-
the index Of larger production and active
trade Where crops and the products Of manufacturing
industry are moro abundant, the aggregate amount Of
paper created by thor Interchange is larger aud tho
negotiations Of hs paper require greater banking cii
This want usually mafssts tsoif In lucra-
two banking business, which draws more capital into
that employ nent Such state Of aairs presented t.
self during tho decade which closed with 1850. The bank
movement in the United States during that period under
went great expansion without becoming less sound In
that respect 1t presented strong contrast TO the expan
sion that occurred in the decade which ended with ls40
In that period OF speculation Ia bank stocks
wild lands manifested ITSELF and the paper created for
bank negotiation represented imaginary or speculative
values rather than commodities produced Those yaHes
xera rnalized plper bsc