davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1862-01-08

There are, without doubt, many servi.
cieable fire Inns, in the hands OF the peo
pie which scientific officers would con.
demn, as inefficient tools for the art 0!
war but there should DE no desponden
cv, when men are animated by brave
spirit, and necessity silences repining. II
Enfield rides, and the heavy musket, with
their piercing bayonets, are not to be pro
cured, let us employ our shot guns
and old fashioned rifles !; remembering
that they are familiar to our bands
These should De brought into requisition,
and their number ascertained,. by the cf
ficers charged with the military orgsniza
ton of the State.
1t is to be feared that there is still a
dangerous disproportion between the
number of our fighting men, and the
means Of arming them even with these
inferior weapons. In the public effort 10
bring them al! into service, there may be
some reluctance TO place private arms at
the disposal Of The Government. Patri
otism and enthusiasm in our cause will
sustain our Government, in any compul
sorry measures, which the public necessity
may require; but the obligations of duty,
and the force Of general law shonld be
superadded to the impulses of feeling.
Concentration Of strength depends on
knowledge OF our resources, and def
ciences. The realities must be cnmlv
surveyed. for there is more danger in ig
norance Of our actual position, than in
any exposure Of facts. Unfounded
hopes lead to miscalculati5ns, more peril
ous in action, than false fears. The truth
will give confidence to real courage, and
patriotic resolve. Intellect is superior to
physical and material power {; and the
iudicious use Of our force, such a. it may
really be, will be more effective, than
speculations on uncertainties, or the most
scientific plans with inadequate means of
execution.
CAMILLUS.
Lancasterville, Dec. Goth, 1861.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1862-01-08
DELAvAN HosPIrAL, Charloiiesville, }
Va, December 18Th. 1861.


Va, December 18th, 1861.
Mr.. EDITOR AS it may accord with
some Of your readers wishes. | am glad
Of an opportunity TO pen few lines to
the Ledyer. will first briefly mention
our travel to this place After remaining
in camp several days with very violent
fever, | was removed to Manassas ard
put into al abominable place of misery
and death where was IN the mds, of
poor soldiers wri,hing in the agony Of
death and receiving but little attention
from the nurses and physicians. Itis not
intended that soldiers should remain
there longer than % hours. but some are
very often too sick TO go to a permanent
hospital, and Others, who could 90, are
inadvertently detained by the pb ysician
in charge an9 there many poor fellow
passes away from the bnsy scenes and
stirring contentious Of this life. But
with good fortune on the following morn.
ing many Of us were released from the
Getes;ab'e place and stored away in the
cars, two and often tbree OIL a seat, with
rs many as could sit on the floor. You
can imagine the sufferngs Of our journey,
and TO avoid being tedious, il will suffice
TO say, We, being nearly overcome with
ennui and in great anguish, were indeed
pleased 10 hear from Sergeant Brasing
ton, who WAS so kind TO accompany me,
that we had al last arrived at CharIotts.
vile. Some Of US wished to procure
boarding At a private house. but were
compelled TO go in the hospital until the
next morning; and to our utter astorish'
meni finding il SO different from other
hospitals, provided with Nil the necessary
comforts, that nore were desirous OF leav,
ing it. The Doctors seem to have kind
and obligng dispositions. The nurses,
the generous, kind and patriotic ladies Of
Charlottesville, have come forward and
rendered their services. Some Of them OF
the nest wealthy families in the town.
Their constant attention soon makes one
feel the sweet pleasure Of deriving com
fort from their hands and am indu
ced to believe the ancient maxim, "anai.
Gus tfdeiis medicamenium rite" as they
in their noble avocation do not suffer one
to sink down in dependency, but impress
ingly encourage us 10 look forward to a
speedy recovery. The names Of Miss
Molie and Susan will ever be remember,
ed and cherished by one with the liveliest
feelings Of JOY and gratitude.
The sick Of the "Greys" and "Invinci.
bles" bsrs, are doing very well. Our
State has made more provision for her
sick soldiers in this than she hes in any
other place. and all OF her sons who be.
come sick, should come here. Charlottes.
viileis situated in a valley aud nearly
surrounded by mountains, whose lofty
SUBMITS are now hoary with the first
snow.cap Of this winter There 10 moth
ing 10 is worthy Of special mention, the
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1862-01-08

Virginia University is by far the finest
and most spacious edifce in town, but Of
it, however, can say bu. little, as the
Janitor was absent and We did not have
the pleasure of passing through ii. The
town in great measure, is kept up by
the insttution-tbe number Of students
being from six to seven hundred. Mon.
ticello, the residence OF the ilustrious JEFF.
ferson, can be seen in the distance, about
four miles from here, which | had the
| pleasure to visit in company with my
friend DR. j. F. Mackey, who came up
few davs since in charge Of the sick Of
our company. The Mountain on which
the Mansion is situated commands a
splendid view of the town and surround
ing country, which presents one of the
most beautiful landscapes I ever saw
The magnificent buildings and polished
spires glistening in the sunbeam form
grand ard imposing scene; and the fruit
fuI appearance Of the country; the noun
tains and valleys {; the ice-ponds, &c, are
no less attractive nor interesting to the
visitors. There is delightful grove
round the dwelling consisting of about
60 d fferent kinds Of trees. They are
mostly foreign evergreens. which, was
told, he had brought over from Ttalv.-
On the front side Of the house is a las
ting evergreen vine, which Jefferson plan
ted to his memory, the house, rather a
peculiar fabric, is very much dilapidated.
The basement is formed into a large cell
lar and has Two alleys, each about 40 |
feet long. running out from the ends OF
it, which are joined at right angles with
two more Of the same dmea,ions, and |
on the end Of each is an Office. Under !
these alleys was his negro kitchens, clotiI
ing factory. blacksmith shop, shoe shop,
&c. 1t has three stories the rooms are
very small. In the reception hall We
found quite curiosity An indian sword
and war club. The sword is about the
size of n walking stick. channeed out
o" oPPoS"e s'"e' ana n'ed win small
triangular pieces OF ""ne' take" from the
He''eo'"' 'o'o'''" OF some large hsh.-
i"e war c'uo Is no'h'ng more than
.'"''"o" o.u"seo"' 'e"efSo" e'"'r may
DC see"-'"e s''''nS 'oo" mas mahoe
any moor SO h'ce'y ""*e"' '"at II 'sa Ut
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1862-01-08
state Convention--Friday. Decem.
her 81.

The Convention met at 10 q. m. The
President stated that when the Conyen.
tior adjourned in April last, they de.
volved upon him the responsibility Of
calling them together again. should il
become necessary. lie felt himself placed
in delicate position. There were oues.
tons arising which could only he met
and solved by a body OF men eslled to.
gether from all parts Of the State, selee.
ted for their qualifications, and who were
supposed to be capable Of deciding ques-
tions OF snch magnitude as might be
brought before them. Within the last
two mouths, our State has been invaded
and the enemy are now in possession OF
part Of the richest and most wealthy
portion Of our seaboard. Apart from the
loss sustained by this invasion. the grave
question arises, what is to be done with
that portion OF our slave population now
In actual contact with the enemy or ex.
posed to their influence I At one time
(though now the danger from this source
is happily less to be apprsheuded) i, be
came a question Of serious momen, what
was to be done with our metropolis in
case OF an attack upon il by the enemy,
and the probability of its capture.
Another subject needed consideration.
So many OF the sons Of South Carolina
are now in the field, that il was appre.
henced' that some Of the elections next
fall might 60 by default, and the State
thus be left without m organized gov,
ernment.
But these reasons, though wsighty.
were not Of themselves Sufficient TO Jus
tify him ia calling the Convention to.
ge,her. The Convention, at its adjourn.
ment in April Last. prolonged its existence
Tor eigh, months. The perils snvironipe
the State at that tune, though serious,
are not to be compared With those in the
mids. Of which We now find ourselves
Had the Convention been in session up.
i'' th's time, IL would not have termina,
ted ',' existence now, under tbs present
critical aspect Of public sff.irs. Inas.
srced by these considerations. the P,esi.
den. was unwilling to suffer the Conveu.
ton to be dissolved. aud had therefore
called them together again in order to
consult upon the condition Of affairs. and
10 sss that the Commonwealth OF South
Carolina suffer no de,riment.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1862-01-08
COMMUNICATIONS.
jFoR TIE LANCASTER LEDGER.
No III.

The system Of our military organiza
tion, as modified by the late law, may b'
the best, under the present condition OF
our affairs but it is well to analyse it,
principles, that lis operation may be under
stood /; aud the whole be observed at one
view. The entire force Of the State is
divided into the following classes.
First Soldiers are TO be enlisted, for
the Confederate army, as individuals, &C
cording to the regulations Of that army
They are to be embodied and the officers
appointed without State distinctions
These constitute the Regular Confederate
army proper.
Second. Soldiers are TO be enlisted
for the army Of the State, as individuals; :;
and with their officers, appointed by the
State authority, compose another army.
Third. Each Beat company is to be
subject to draft, from among its mem.
bers, from eighteen TO forty five years o..
age: provided, however, that volunteers
may supply the number required. and
those drafted may furnish substitutes -
The men thus drawn from the several
bea:s, are to be organized into a distinct
corps; with the privilege Of electing COM
pany and field officers, CONFORMING in
organization, to the laws, rules and regu-
lations Of the Confederate States" They
form the State army Of volunteers, OF
drafted men and its term of service i.
twelve months. This army is subject tc
the call OF the Governor, to serve "eithe
in the State or any Of the Confedera,
States"
Fourth. The residue OF the militia
composed Of such men as have not enlis,
ed in the Regular Confederate army, no
in the army Of the State, no. been detscl
el by volunteering or draft. They re
main under the general militia organza
tion, in their respective Regiments, an
Beats. Each Beat will be composed {
the men between sixteen and eightee
years of age, and between forty five an
sixty years Of age, who shall not hav
vc!pnteered and as many AS fifteen a
least, or more as the case may be, Of thos
between eighteen and forty.fve years c
age. The fourth class, which will proba
bly, contain more men than the aggre
gate OF the other classes, are under til
general militia law of the State excer
so far as that has been modified oy th
Act Of 1861.
1t may not be inappropriate to not
the following particulars. lst. That me
over the age of sixty years, are exemp
from all militia duty however able q
vigorous. They may be liable, as slave
holders, 20 perform patrol duty: but
is questionable whether any able
bodied man, in any sovereign State
should be exempted from military sci
vice. Each individual case might res
upon its own peculiar circumstances an,
he decided on, by the proper tribunal, o
officer as in all instances Of physical in
firmity. This may be deemed Of r.,
practical importance /; yet all legal re
straints on the supremacy Of the Stat,
authorities, in tho matter Of the pilitar,
force of sovereign State, should be re
garded with jealousy.
2d. The rightafRpiing for the cleo
ton Of officer = Bed to youths o
sixteen year .as heretofor,
been deemed ninors, under
the age Of two 55e should no,
hsaspIisted in regde except with
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1862-01-08
An Act to Extend Reliefto Debtors.
and to Prevent the Sacrifice of Pro-
perty at Public Sales.

SEC. l BE IL enacted by the Senate and
House Of Representatives., now net and
sitting in General assembly, and by the
authority Of the same, That it shall not
lie lawful for any officer Of this State to
serve or execute any mesne or final pro-
cess Of any OF the courts Of this State
for the collection Of money, until after
the expiration Of the first session Of the
next General Assembly Of this State. ex'
cept In cases provided for in the second
section Of this Act, and except process
for military fines.
SEC. 2. That II the plaintiff in any such
mesne or final process, or his agsn, or ut
torney at law, shall make affidavit before
some one Of the Clerks Of the Court OF
Common Pleas and General Sessions Of
this Stale, that his debtor has abscouded,
or is about to abscond, or that such debt.
or is removing, Or is about TO remove, his
property beyond the limits Of Ibis State,
or is fraudulentiy disposing Of the same,
which affidavit shall be attached to such
mesne or final process, before any action
thereon, the said plaintiff 10 suoh mesns
or dnal process may require the defsn.
dant to give bond, payable to such
plaintiff, in double the amount Of the
sum sued for. or Of the amount Of the
Judgment upon whict such fnsl process
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1862-01-08
THE RICHMOND DISPATCH.
BY C0WARDIN & HAMMERsLEY.
RICHMOND, VA.
DAILY SsxLWEEKLy AND WEEKLY.
~S.~-S.--
TER18--Cssh in Advance.

THE DAILY DISPATCH is served 10
Il subscribers at sIy AND quARrss cEsrs
A WEEK, payable TO the Carrier weekly
Price Tor mailing, o. a year, or sa.50 for
six months 10 adyance
THE SEMI-WEEkLy DISPATCH IL
issued very Tuesday and Friday at - IN
advans '.
TIL WEEKLY DISPATCH issued
svs.y t,'iay. and mailed 70 subscriber. at
VI per snpam.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1862-01-08
CAMIIIIIS
TFoR TIKI LANCASTER LEDGER.1

Lancasterville, Dec. Goth, 1861.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1862-01-08
5 0 U I H CAR R0LIN A
LANCASTER DISTRICT.
(In The Common Pieas.)
Dudley M. Ussery,et nj. \ D,clara,io,

Samuel Spence. Attachment.
Whereas the Plaintiff did ON The second
day OF December 1861, file his Declaration
against the Defendant, who (as il is said) is
absent fiom and without the limits of In.
State, and has neither wife nor Attorney
known within tho same, upon whom q copy
OF the said Declaraiion might be served.
IL is therefore ordered that the said Ds-
fendant do appear and plead TO the said
Declaration, on or before the third day OF
Decembef next, which will be in the year
OF out Lord one thousand eight hundred
and sixty'two, otherwise final Judgment will
then be given aud awarded against him.
II. J. HANCOCK, CTk.
Dee. 9TH, 186I.-a3-ly.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1862-01-08
Ir0R TIE LANCASTER LEDoER.1
Muster Roll

OF Capt. j. ID. Csskey's Company, the
"Lancas,e, Tigers" Dec. 10th, 1851.
J. ID. CASKEY, Captain.
A. S. NIspEr, Is, Lieutenant.
j. F. STEELE, I'd
III. J. HANCOCK. 81
Willis Gregory, Is, Sergeant
Y ID Nisbet, 2d
w II Faulkner, Sd
ii w Andrews, 4th :"
IN Cup, 9th
NIB Craig, Corporal.
J & Nishe,.
J S McMurrsy,
b Phillips.
PRlvATES.
+ w Anderson, RR Kee,
ID B Barton, J Kee.
J l. Bell. JR Lark. jr.
J ID Blalock, 4 r Lowery,
l. Beaver, DA Y Lsthen,
II Belk, sen Fed Locust,
w ii Craig. II Mellow,
A Craig, J Q McManus,
J A CuIp, w w Miller,
JAS Culp, A McMsnus,
NJ Cup, ii ii Mccain,
John Cain, Thos McCokIe,
Il II Cousart, ltobt Montgomery,
ID ID ,vis, w E Nisbet,
w q Dunlap. w ID Ogburn,
Joseph Deas, X Philips,
John Deas, WI Phillips,
N Draffin, w X Phillips,
Minor Farmer, + l. Phillips,
Erwin Farmer, James Parker.
John Faiie, Bonham PGyler.
NJ NJ Faile, WIN Riley,
w NJ Faile, w l. Ralorce,
81 V Faulkner, John Sanders,
rignal Gillian, John Snipes,
I I Gregory, A Szsr,
Ransom Gardner, ID L Shehane,
Peter Hesrsey, Rufus Ssvory,
William Horton, James White,
w ID Heath, Nicholas Welsh,
l. Howard, w w Williams.
w l. Horn, ii G Wilson,
w J Hinson, Wilson Wallace,
& w Jsunt, X ID WaIIacs,
WIN Jsunt, jr. i + Whitaker,
A r Jauni, q w Wilkinson.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1862-01-08
THE LANCASTER LEDGER
Published every Wednes lay Morning
w. M. G. 0 N N O II S ,
Editor and hIrOprictOr.
T E R M S
ADVERTISEMENTS.

Will be inserted at the following low rates:
One square (of l6 lines or less,) one insertion,
81; or, if continued, 10 cents for the first in
seruon, and 40 cents for each subsequent inser-
tion.
The number Of insertions must be written on
each advertisement or they will be inserted till
ordered out and charged accordingly.
The following deductions will be made in
favor Of standing advertisements:
3MoNTHs. MONTHS. I YEAR
One Square, $500 $500 $1,000
Two 500 1900 1900
Three " 1000 1900 5000
Half Column, 1900 22.00 5000
One d" 5000 $500 5000
Announcing Candidates for Office, Five
Dollars.
eS5 Communications recommending can
dldatcs for Office and all others Of limited
or individual interest. charged ut advertising
"ates.
sS5~ Obituary Notices exceeding one
sIuare in length &c Ines) will be charged
for the overplus, at regular advertising rates
e-S" Tributes of Respect, rated rs ad-
vertisments.
No paper discontinued until all arrcarages
are paid
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1862-01-08

A FRESH supply OF Garden Seed. EN-.
n e'ae'ng all Tie varieties usually sola
IN this Market just received end for sale by
Feb -, 1861. lU
, 1862-09-27

our coming be heralded in advance by the light
nings speech and let its re-echo tell US on its
way of the westward movement of the great
wave of emigration for our own ocean bound
coast
Let increased intelligence from our relatives
and friends, brought by couriers of steam, be laid
daily at our doors. Let our beautiful and gem
like valleys of the mountains, far, far in the inte-
rior, TEEN with population, civilization and hap
piness.
Let the church spire, school house and printing
press be there the barometers of the morality ed
ucation, Intelligence and refinement of their peo-
pie. Let their music be the re-echoes of their
peans to the Great Maker of the Universe, that
shall drown the discordant sounds of the offerings
to the Mammon of the day.
Let the miner, with science-key, there unlock
the treasures Of the canyons, and gorges, and
bowels Of yon hoary-headed mountains. Let their
well grassed slopes be covered with lowing herds
and heecy hocks. Let their now rugged barriers
give place to scence-tunnel with an easy passage
to the waters beyond. Let their thousand silvery
streams, now trckling for nought but shaking the
thirst of the weared traveller, and wildly dancing
along their slopes, be caught and harnessed to
the wheels and shafts and spindles of educated
industry, to add new and poetical life to re-
gion already redolent with the songs of thrift
Let smiling, cheerful faces and merry hearts here
betoken the wealth of a people rich in happiness !;
and prattling babes, the jewels of happy wedlock,
gem the diadem of every genial pair. Let patr-
OTIS, and not fanatics, here arise to defend a Ma
tons rights, Nations honor, be they infringed
at the North, be they infringed at the South and
let breastwork of generous, liberal minded free
men extend from the Columbia to the Mississippi
vale, to sentinel the enemy from without to guard
the assassin from within.
Then will the full views and foresight of JEFF
ferson be seen, felt and appreciated. Then will
a national problem, nOlO fraught with elements so
difficult to handle, be solved forever, never more
to arise. Then will the objects and ends for
which this first exploration in our great interior
was made, be studied and valued and all-es-
pecially those who have made their homes on the
Pacific slope of our coniinent-wil be but too
willing to accord a just and generous need to
the labors, the name and memory of Lewis and
Clark
, 1862-09-27
Moving q Monster Cannon.

Lately, says the Pittsburg Dispatch the second
ffteen-inoh gun finished at the Fort Pitt Works
was. taken from the shop to the metal yard of the
Pennsylvania Railroad, at the corner of Grant
and Liberty streets, where it will be shipped to
the East on a Car prepared for the purpose. Two
of these large guns have already been taken over
the same road but the mode of transportation
from the shop to the railroad was different from
that now adopted. Both the Lincoln and the
Union were drawn along the streets on wheels
fitted on the guns themselves, by windlass and
pulleys. Since the transportation of Leavy ord
nance has become an every day business the firm
has provided large wagon for the purpose, and
this was used for the first time on Tuesday,
Twelve horses and two side ropes, manned by
workmen and spectators, moved the gun along
the level with ease, but the enormous weight
over forty thousand pounds, told rather severely
on the motive power on an up grade.
The wagon on which the gun was hauled is
built in the ordinary form of wagon running. gears,
the wheels and axles being of the most massive
character. Instead of the customary coupling
tongue" two immense timbers are stretched from
the front to the hind axles and securely fastened
Beneath these timbers the gun is slung by the
common timber wheel tackle. Notwithstanding
the breadth of the tires on the wheels, their pro-
gress along the pavement crushed and sunk the
boulders almost as readily as ordinary wheels
print on a dusty road.
The manufacture of large guns is steadily pro-
crossing at the works, which will soon be in con-
diton to turn them out with as great rapidity as
ordinance of small caliber The third gun of
fifteen inch caber was taken out of the lathe yes
terday, and another will be put in its place imme-
diately. None of the navy fifteen inch guns have
yet been turned out.
, 1862-09-27

AMERICAN GENTILITY.- European countries
the aim at anything like gentility implies keeping
one or more domestics to perform household la
bors but in our free States every family aims at
gentility, while not one in five keeps domestic.
The aim is not a foolish one, though follies may
accompany it-for the average ambition of our
people includes a certain amount Of refined cult
walton; it is only that the process is exhausting.
Every woman must have best parlor with hair
cloth furniture and photograph book she must
have piano. or some cheaper substitute; her lit
tie girls must have embroidered skirts and much
mathematical knowledge her husband must have
two or even three hot meals every day of his life ;
and yet her house must be in perfect order early
in the afternoon, and she prepared to go out and
pay calls, with black silk dress and card case
In the evening she will go TO a concert or a lee
ture, and then, at the end of all, she will very pos
sibly sit up after midnight with her sewing ma
chine doing extra shop-work to pay for little FL
las music lessons All this every capable New
England woman will do, or die. She does it, and
dies and then we are astonished that her vital
energy gives out sooner than that of an Irish wo-
man in a shanty, with no ambition on earth but
to supply her young Patrcks with adequate pota-
toes.-T. ". Higginson.