The New York herald., 1862-04-01

daueer and risk 60 the maritime of he con
try, they Will not undertake TO recommend hsm (ear
hear The question OF tie Declaration of Part
upon the carrying trade as botwccn and neutral
Is, no doubt, extremely important. | did no
unie stand my right honorable friend the Lord Advo
cato 20 go 20 the length which have attributed q
him did not understand him TO say he admitted
tAat al tho carrying trade would, as matter OF course
go into the hands OF neutras Evon In the Liverpool pc
ttion do not find such assertion that Tho pc
TONERS use more iarded and molidcd language
ihey speak only OF considerable part OF the trade being
nsely 70 ind its way into neutral hands. have nO
doubt that to come extent that would be The and
doubt would be an evil so far goes but IN these
cases We must encounter evils. We cannot possibly
pect to accomplish tina objects OF hoa suffering
from serious evils, and am far from sure. for the
sons which, have advanced that il would be for the
true interests OF peace or civilization if could But
think that there are many considerations which would
lead us to be somewhat doubtful and EXPECT
such ab souie ruin to the shipping interest these gen
temen seem 10 anticipate In the first place II all the
trade Of belgerents at has great tendency rush
INTO the hands OF neutras, il Is quito manifest that
the ireghts OF neutral ships would greatly rise.
aad that would serve, IN some measure at least TO
counterbaance the great expense consequent the
rate OF insurance Then with regard to convoy cannot
see that because OF the introduction of
convoy should not be as e6ectual il in former
times. On the contrary if privateerng is abolished I
should say that that abolition would make it
than il previously efectualy TO convoy merchant
ships. We arc told by the honorable member for Sun
derand that since the peace of 1916 there has been
most enormous increase OF our trade shipping and
our commerce. and this argument quite Independent
OF the Declaration OF Paris. The eject Of what my
defend that trade il you went to war with any
great Power That at all events, wond be conss-
quence, not OF the Declaration Of Paris but Of
prosperity aud greaness and for one do believe
that because we havo become greater and richer in
sources, therefore should hereafter be found
able 10 defend ourselves than heretofore Sir these
prophecies of evil have many times been brought
forward against this country Nor is It q new
thing to hear all that we have heard this discus
operating against US. The Abbe Maby-to whom have
already reierred-argues, as We have had it ar
gued here that england Of all countries in the world has
the greatest interest in getting rid Of tho system OF mari
time warfare against merchant ships He audes to the
war OF 1796 and states that lost thousands of
chant vessels and millions Of pounds worth Of property
while France could not have lost half as much she not
presenting great front TO such or warfare
Lie also says that when England took Spanish ships the
war o the Spanish succession she destroying the
property Of her merchants who interested in
the trade with Spain and that there case Of
French ship being taken in which the loss did recoi
on the London insurance Offices wel but we have
vyen all that the patriotism OF merchants and
people bore US through it, our prosperity remained as
hope 1t will remain still. Ny honorable friend.
the momber from Stamford, asked upon what
we rely / rely, sir, on the patriotism of
the naton the of the country and on that
elasticity which England has always shown in times Of
prosperity and adversely (Hear hesr) don't believe
that the spirit OF our people would desert themI don't
believe that our means of defence would be found
ing we began with naval superiority believe that
we should maintain it and should that superb
merchant ships as it was in former days Hear hear)
As TO the declaration Of Paris may say that VIC are not
likely 10 60 back from it, hardly have been sup.
posed that my right honorable friend the Secretary
War meant for moment that should think of recedng
from it, Ny right honorable friend referred TO quite diff
fersnt thing He said what undoubtedly true that tho
effect OF war as general rule and ordinarily Is TO dissolve
treaties between begerent nations that even in the
OF treaties made IN the contemplation Of war which,
he said they were IN honor bound 0observeand trust
that we shall always observe that which binds in ho
nor-still when wars the ultima ratio of States take
them to respect these decla atons and And he
was, think. quite justified in the inference which he
drew from that argument-not that we should violate
any the declarations We have made, depart from
treaty TO which wc have been psrtes but that any
engagements Of that sort OF tho most teacherous
kind that we adherng to them In honor and good fah
would have no security that, when temptation upon
our acting perhaps in combination against
and thinking that they wouldbs better able meet
u.s. they would not, upon some one other Of those
thousands OF which the Of war al
ways present, turn round and say Becauss you have
done this, or because you have done that bold our
selves no longer bound by that declaration engage
nent ana shall revert TO the original recognized
rules Of international law. (Hear, hear Sir stranger
things than that have been done before now hold in
my hand one of the few treaties OF this Kind tina, aver
been made-the treaty Of commerce and navigation be-
tween his Britannia slaiesy and the French King signed
at Versailles on the 26th OF September 1856 What Is the
second article Of that treaty. II Is this
For the future security Of friendship and commerce be-
tween the subjects OF their said Maeses and to the end
that this good correspondence may be from all
interruption and disturbance il is concluded agreed
that at any time there should arise any
ing breach Of friendship rupture between the crowns
OF their ksestcs which God forbid the subjects OF each
of the two parties residing the domnons Of the other
shall have the privilege OF remaining and inung
their trade therein without any manner of disur
long they behave peaceaby and offence
against the laws and ordinances and in their con-
due: should render them suspected and tho respective
governments should be obliged to order them to remove
tho OF twelve months shall Re allowed them for the
purpose in order that they may with their
iects aud propsty whether intrused to individuals
the State.
That treaty broken the very first opportunity
That article was broken in the very points specially pro
a blectS mt aovaft IN
main and trade in France but they were mot allowed g.
have the twelve months' notice TO remove win heir
property which had been stipulated for Ard iis was
itself OF the grsv against France for which
exacted compensate ion when the peace made 1915.
That is not an example that we should initiate, but
warning not 70 trust too much such
which it may be convenient for other countries when
we are more powerful than they are at sea, to OBJ
tain from Us, but which IL may not be convenient for
them observe, IL hereafter they should think that
their power predominates over ours. And the House
must remember that whstever may be tho weight Of the
moral sentiment and public opinion Of natous-and
tainy am not the man TO undervalue etheryet pausi
bic excuses wanting when such TO be
done (Hear) Sir, the armed neutrality is another Illus
trston. The Powers who were parties in that armed
neutrality broke all the engagements Of IL very few
years after II was MAZE What is the conclusion that
draw from these considerations That the government 10
whom il ntrusted the OF the most ine
OF the greatest empire yet known earth
must a which those interests imperillcd
with the greatest possible caution, and be afraid
of ncJrring those calanttes which inevitable in
time Of war, which We have often endured before, and
dure-h3t they should not shrink from encountering
them again any necessary for the sake Of avoid
ing them expose this country to the loss Of its greatness
aud power (Cheers.) Before sit down will mention
another circumstance from which derive
in this matter. Very lately threatened with
the danger Of war-ofa with Power not bound by
the Declaration Of Paris and which would therefore,
have been at liberty TO exert it's undimnished rights
sgainst while ~h respect all the nations
OF Europe which were parties to that declaration
should have been strictly bound by its engagements Was
there then among the merchants Of this country any
finching from that emergency? Did the people Of Eng
land look that danger the face II they afraid
OF RUM No. neither from Lisepooi Manchester,
any o,r yortof me kipqoB d,d any s,ch timd accents
,roce.d Viewer noS desiroUs Of peoce but not because
r>re cfrdid Of We re DICED that peace pre-
served but II because were bound 20 those with
whom should have had 10 60 10 by ties which
we're precious to us, and which should have been
most unwilling to But we did not perceive
do think this House perceived, from one end Of tho
kingdom TO the other, the least sign OF any
prehenson that the moment entered into TIE cor ruth
hs Declaration Of Paris round neck poer 1soM
d. o,ne and v.rcrmite marine Destroyed. beicvs
the hants of this country who knew best what
he prospect before them looked u IN the face with
less bravery than that which distinguished their fore
f.,s