The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1862-07-21

IN 1880 united 70 60,5ll 343 pounds; Of
rs per cent in The yesd still fails far short Of
tho consumption, and large quantities contnue t. b. m
poei notwithstanding the amount Of territory adapted
| TO sheep hasbandry
| Tho manufacture OF linen goods has made but little
progress in this country: few mills chiefly in
Massachusetts,. mako crash and other coarse fabrics
the largest two in that state produced million yards
in 1850. Others are extensively engaged in making
twnes shoe and other threads IL Is TO be regretted
that the manufacture OF tax has not attained greater
magnitude in country where the raw material is 50
have raised he crop simply for the seed and thrown
| out the nbre as valueless.
FLAX COTTON.
The manufacture OF fabrics from fax cotton has been
commenced and success In new branch OF industry Is
confidently expected. The Inventive genius Of
flax for spinning which be furnished 1t Is alleged, at
low rate the product Of Southern cotton zelda
"a SEWING SILKS.
The manufacture OF sewing silks is extensively carried
on In this country Including tram, organzine, &C.. the
production exceeded FIVE million dollars in the s. ties of
and New York their relative values being In the order
mentioned. Ribbons are made TO small extent but the
chief manufactures OF six insist Of ladies' dress
mings cach lace, &C., OF which the cities OF Philads
pha and New York produce TO the value of 81 725
aud $7s6.6s2 respectively.
The production Of leather also leading industry Of
much import 70 the agricuturst and stock raiser
we'll a to the commercal inasmuch a. 1t CON
all the material supplied by the former and foods
an active branch Of our foreign import trade The tan
produced in 1850 Gather OF Morocco and patent
leather to the value o. o2 333 Tho product Of tho
nearly 81 per centm. In the Now England States was
SIG ST. in the Middle States $50 and in the
We tern States IS ASH being increase Of SO per
cent 907 and 1873 in those sections respectively The
Pacific States and Territories (including Utah. which
returned leather 1850, produced 10 1850 to the
value q 1851 400 The largest producers Of leather
New YORK. $40 1853 OFF, Pennsylvania s12 491 o31 and
$40 o56 an increase in those States Of
I'LL 9o4 and 1913 per cent, respectively Including
Morocco and patent leather the aggregate vauo produced
in the Union in 1860 exceeded sixty seven millions Of
dollars.
If we add to the sum total Of this manufacture the
aggregate value or all tho allied branches into which it
enters MATERIAL or take an account Of the CAPT
tai the number OF hands and the Of labor aud
teria employed in the creation and distribution OF its
ultimate products 1t Is doubtful II any other department
Of industry entitled to precedence that Of leather
SHOES.
The manufacture OF boots and shoes employs larger
number OF operatives than any other single branch Of
American industry. The census Of 1850 showed that
there II 305 establishments, capital Of nearly
thirteen millions OF dollars engaged IN making boots and
shoes tho value o. $50 1857 408 and employing 723 05
male and 80 GAS female hands The returns of 1860 show
that 1854 establishments in the New England States
poyed capital only 50 $40 less than that of the whole
Union at the former date; and with So 039 male and
"A 97s female employees produced boots and shoes Of the
value $54 1857 Off, eight hundred thousand dollars
than the entire value Of the business in 1850, and
81 per centum in excess OF their own production in that
year. Massachusetts increased 92.6 por cent, having
made boots and shoes OF the value of $40 209 equal to
SO cent Of tho general business in 1850 The State
Of New York returned 2276 factories with aggregate
production of $10s78 1877; and New England New York
Pennsylvania and Now Jersey together produced SIS 4
the product Of all the States in $780, and Go per cent
more than their own manufacture in that year The three
counties Essex Worcester end Plymouth in Massachu
sets produced boots and shoes the value severay of
about IAN, 9 and ga millions Of dollars. The largest
production Of any ono town was that Of Philadelphia in
which 1t amounted IS 39 $751; the next that Of Lynn
Massachusetts, 1867 $780, the third, Havernll
81 $780, the fourth, New York city, So $3.50 o6s The
largest production Of single establishment Of in
North Brooked, Massachusetts, and amounted to
$3.50 600. This establishment tho largest Of five the
propretors had in operation that year the total
and shoes vacd at thirteen hundred thousand dol,
lars Machinery propelled by power Is used
many large manufactures with highly satisfactory
suits s,a .s...s, u. -. ts-s lfse "a y =
Were made chiefly in Connecticut, New York, New Jer
sey and Massachusetts, % the value Of 9Oosn in
crease o. nEety per cent in the last decade -ss.s
= CABINET FURNITURE
Tho value OF cabinet furniture mado In 1860
in the New England, Middle States Ohio
cent over the prodct Il those States in 1885, and exceed
ing the production OF the whole Union in $780, New
York. returned IN s1S0O furniture OF the value Of
S7175060 Tor 406 per cent Of the whole amount made
in 1851, Massachusetts, So ,s65 49, and Pennsylvania
50 500. The growth OF this branch keeps pace with
the increase Of population and wealth, and serves TO
swell the amount Of exports. IL gives employ iaent
remunerativc prices to skilled labor which attracts
from the crowded labor markets OF Europe.
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.
Our advance IN wealth and refinement is attcsted by
tho rapid increase in the manufacture Of rianoortes and
other musical instruments. New England New York
and Pennsy lvana produced musical instruments to the
shsr own Srodncon in 1850 and i2a over TIE whole value
that branch in the Union in the same year. New York
alone made 3,392,57I worhbeng 1911 .s62 more than
the whole anouat returned in 1850 In this branch
manufacturers have achieved marked Success. without
claiming for them superiority their brethren In
and other instruments made ia this country better
suited climate and in other respects fully equal
those which come from the most celebrated establish
ments in Europe. 9
Tie increased amount OF the precious metals and tho
greater ability Of all classes TO indulge the
pronlptings Of taste or Luxury have added great
" 70 the manufacture Of jewelry, and Of
In the New gland and Middle States the production OF
ewery and watches reaches naary eleven millions in
value; OF silver silver plated &C. nearly six and
one half millions making over seventeen aud uarter
millions Of dollars exclusive Of gold leaf and foil and tho
assayiag and re lnn the precious metals exceeding tho
product or the whole Union 1850 by 50 ala 500 in
value; increase Of fifty cent aud of
per cent On the production Of those states IN
that year. Tho production OF cheap iewery has been
greatly augmented Dy rec,nt ipros sneats IN electro
metaiiurgy.
The manufacture OF American watches, commenced
within the last ten years in Boston experiment,
compete with low priced labor Of European worknen
ingenious countrymen have perfected machinery by
II not superior the haud made Tie continued growth
OF this branch will diminish the importation OF foreign
watches and may at no distant period, oarn for our
country reputation in this manufacture equal to that
she enjoys hs kindred branch Of clock msking Geld
and silver watches now produced to large
tent chiefly IN tho cities OF Philade hia New York and
Newark.
CHEMICAL ARTICLES.
improvements in technical chemistry have added large
ly 70 the number and value OF its products. The
facture Of articles strictly cassed as chemical exclusive
OF white Lead ochres paints, varnsh glue, pert fumes.
cenens pot and pearl ashes, &c. amounted IN 1880 to
the value ~ nearly five millions Of dollars. The prodrc
tion in 1880, exhibited considerable increase. This
branch susceptible Of almost unlimited extension and
application In the creation OF commercial and useful
articles the refuse OF every ether manufacture
the diversified products, vegetable animal and mineral
OF other lands Many Of the chemical branches
apart the money valuo o their manufactures Of
the highest econom cal importance country aux
iaries 70 almost every ohar Industry OF the people
Chemistry hls yet revealed but tithe OF the
wealth Of its resources
Tho manufacture and consumption Of gas, for luina.
tion aud oiber purposes, which l. Of the remarkable
fruits Of chemical science has been greatly increased
only ia Northern cities, but In tho largo towns and
villages throughout the Union. The quantity returned 10
but four thousand million feet OF tho value Of eleven
trhn