New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1862-01-08

fronted destiny by an energetic sngacious, ard absc
'nte auiocracy. But her enterprise in the Fast j
even more significant than in the West. Within H.,
last three years she has gained possession Of the vas
region in NorthW Western Asia drained by the Dpoor
river Of the first magnitude larger than the Mssis
sipp or tho Nile. This territory though little known
has been in dispute between the Musco,ite and
Celestial Empires ever since the l7th century. BY
"A treaty concluded in 1853 China ceded all the dis
triet north Of he Amoor. and By fecond treaty
concluded at Pekin, Nov. 1860 Russia oh aimed all
the territory sotrh OF the AMOR, included between
the coast and the river Ogssooi. She thus holds so
much o. lie sea-coasi liz fronts upon the empire Of
Japan, and hef southern boundary is only about 800
miles defiant from Pekin. Tie treaties ,so secure
20 her the free navigation Of tie Soongari and
Ous.9on RiyeIs, tie largest Z softhe Amoor
from the South, and Tins all IT, ,oducts of warm
Mfntchooria will iiId their main outlet through Rus
sian commerce. The whole country is "a yet undo
yeloped, but il sbounds in mineral aud agricultural
resources, and ia in process Of rapid colonization
The Island of SagLalen of the mouth of the AMOR
has commodious harbors, and extensive coal fields
BY awaiting herself Of all the advantages that inhere
in these acquisitions Russia can hardly fsil achieve
political and commercial supremacy in the farther
East. Meantime, she has pushed her conquerts
Iouthward in Central Asa to Yernoje aud Ko2al
which are only one-tbird rs far from the Indus IN
from the Volya, aud her next strde may be across
the Himslayas.
The efforts which have been made for several
years to the ost records Of hs Intrepid and
accomplished Asialic explorer Adolph Schlaeiutw ell
.., 1. 81 - ],
remembered that, with bic brothers, Hermann and
Robert he set ont in 1854 under tie patronage Of
Tic Elst India Society, TO explore the mountain rys
tenn o. the llnaiaya, and ths adjacent r, oiols.
They were provided with the best insInu onts tray
eitd wherever il Wac possiblo with littlearmy OF
dromeda'ics aud coolies, ascended the peak Of III
Gamn, III Thibet, 10 hight OF @ 30 leet gresies
elevation than Humboldt attained in South America
aud bad communicated the most valuable results b.
tie learned societies Of Europe before the return OF
Hermann aud Robert, in 1871. AdoIh pursued bis
explorations alone, advanced in a uorhwesiery DE-
i.ction into central Asis, went beyond Ysrkand
through a region that has been described by scien-
de traveller ,ince Marco Polo, and reached the walls
Of knshga There be persisted in melee between tie
native savage tribes after having triumphed over
he greatest difficulties Of bis perilous journey. The
In. rh authorities Of India prompted BY the univer
-al interest Of -svants, have from that time been
cn.rg"tcay endeayoriug to recover bis papers, and
- ave 10 science tie great amount OF knowledg,
bee had accumulated. A communication from Sir u.
=. Murchi-on, in a late number Of The L0adon
Tp,s. announces he gratifying intelligence that he
Juua ba, been recovered through the agency f the
civil Comaiss.oncf il Cashmere. that II contains full
corss II bic d coyeries up 10 the time Of biz death
and ,lal Il viii BE- Incorporated in tie splendid narr
i've Of their tfycs which the arriving Brothers
,,hagiutwet are low publishing.
Willie sudden and violent revolutions impond
over nsuoHs nalure is accomplishing, slowly and
silently, far more porienions change. There afe
hnrboIs famed for ages ~ commercial centers from
winch the sea j. gladnaly Withdrawing ne waters.
Tie d.lias OF great ryen grow Jy accumulation from
wear 20 year IN tie rvers tLeuse.yes ioFsake them
and sseA new channels. The sea OF Azoi, the outlet
Of the committee ofihc Don, j. mpid'l becoming n
yisi and mIenrtrhble marsh. Between two meas
uremerfs ihirty-,wo yearr epart, H. depth has
diminished eleven feet; and the prediction Of Srabo
my vet be accomplished. that some time both the
,ea Of Azof and the Black Sca will become waste
.
81, nver II GENITAL Asia he ONu-, according TO the
unanimous testimony Of ancient authors, rolled NJ
,,ster. into the lsspnn Sea. In modern times II has
emitted into the SEN Of AraL. But II seems to be
,bon, 10 r.suu, ~ ancient chann~ 20 the caspian,
AN event which would Ieso4.tionilc tie coudtons ol
commence between EuIole and As.a. The OXus
,,uld iheu recover liz renOwu ~ q great highway OF
p.tious TIE Euphrs'es. alro, il leaving its ancient
Id from n uout above killah. and taking more
yes.eri, &c. Year b. year thc Ic" ctaune' ie'
ceiycr large proportion # iis waiors Tie Stream
At eoier,s Ia ne old clrnusi has al'hdy ceased 10
produc. the innnda'ions, which like thoae OF TIE
N, can alone ioriil.ze IN, bofd,r- the country ada
con, 10 the luDs Of Babylon begins To wear The a.
rect Il hopee,- aridy; and the ancient capital OF
Sem.rnn.ir and NobucladhelzsT viii coon rake the
,.pf.r Of II desert Nor does tie river pfomife to
ferile new district. out lo,eo itseii IN the innH
nernble lak TO aud marches which extend to The f.f
flan Gulf.
The M n,itude Of Russia il unprecedented IN the
history Of nations. Her vast proportions can only
be shown by n comparative statement Ire to'ai
area Of the United States the North, the South, ana
the Terri,ories is 293f, LOO square miles. The area
Of France including Corsica aud Savoy Ii 2'' 200
.onare niles Ihe area OF tie Brtish Isles i- 10 80
.ousre mer Thus tie territorial extent Of TIE
United States il twentyicur times greater man In"'
If the British lsles and fourteen times srehier IMAM
fha, Of France. Our whole area could be divided
INTO abou, 400 States Of the size Of Massachusetts
IL is moderate to ray that the territory Of our SINGLE
country ID much larger than that which constituted
the Roman Empire wnea it was greatest b'' ha''
ain il betw.eu two and three times larger Than Vie