Washington telegraph., 1862-09-10


the ports of yne state over those Of anoth-
err The oil constitution went further
aud ADDED ''Dor shall vessels bound to. or
from one State be obigcc; to enter clear
or PAY duties 10 another" This last clause
10 our constitution Is omitted. II gave an
undue monopoly to northern vessels Ia our
e"asting trade and operated d q tax upon
Southern people for the benefit Of North
en- ship Cwrcrs. Experience had shown
1t to tc iuju'licicus.
Upon the subject IF appropriations our
constitution Introduces two important
clauses, dictated By experience Of
the former wastefnlness in tile treasury
department. They are as follows:
'CoDgIess shall appropriate 20 money
from tLo tieasury excep', b. vote Of
two-thirds Of both Houses, taken BY yeas
and nays: unless it BE- asked and e,tima-
ted for By some one Vt the leads Of de-
partIneuts, aud submitted to Congress By
the President; oE fyr th1 purpose VI pay
ing it, own expenses and Contingencies; or
for the payment Of claims against the
Confederate States, Il Justice of which
shall have been jIlir.ally declared b,
tribunal for the Investigation MI clIirn-
saiust The Government, which It j. hero
by u alo tile duty Of Congress % c.,al-
li,h."
All bills arpropriating money shall
specify in federal currency the exact
amount Of each appropriation ana the
purposes fur which it was made aud Con-
sress shall grant MP extra omfeL,a'ion ~
any contractor, officer, agent, or servant
after such contract ,hall have been mad.
Or such service rendered
These clauses are aimed lauzt r,cu-
la;ious % the public treasury, whieh, ia
tile United States ny ryston Ut libby
ing and bribery, hll grown NJ an cnor.
nous evil.
To guard further against hasly ir,l- II.
ton, and tle 4 NH uf rcttinr throne "
Improper measure. INV tnc,inr t,,nn 4,
others " Indispensable importance, uur
constitution I'LL, III y li.is other alli!i, na.
clause every luw, w resolution Having
the force vi law, Shall .via.c tu but ,ue
utject, and that shall be expressed In tie
tile" 1t may " that tLis prohibition
will turn out Very cmLaIrl>.in. in prac-
ice. u i oiicn difficult 70 determine
what may be CONSIDERED = separate sub
Ject, OF a different branch Ut tie same
subject. W hat may, Or may not bc mHl-
fynTt.a~ - this lawyers t,rm ID, il Mt al
ways easily determined, and laws Of IirA
Importance may w sometimes declared
uncOmali'utlUna. lrrm thy difference III
opinion between l1u.rc-. and the Court
% a matter q. ly sinai! imrv.,uucc.-
Ii Is altogether probable that tlis clause
will be construed M merely directory and
hot INTENDED i1 utnie laws whi3h may
happen TO embrace collateral subjects.
HEsTRloTIoN UPON STATEs.-As before
remarked, the general declaration WI rigs ts
contained in :he TWO constitutions are not
considered binding upon the States
Each constitution, however, has iudepcn-
dent aud special restrictions upon State
authority. Thee have been considerably
relaxed III our CunfeL crate constitution.
Experience has proven that some of them
we're productive VI more embarrassment
to the progress and prosperity Of the
States, than the want of them would be
detrimental to the Contedcracy.
Our constitution vmils the clause pro-
hibllins any State from Issuing "bills VI
credit. rs that did not prevent any
State from issuing its bonds for the pay
meut Of money and incurrirranv amount
of debt we are at a loss TO conceive its
p,;l;,r 7, o,Iy rrcro,,sd tbo iss,,,ce
nv h;IIs Y, c;rcnI,,o o,ar VI, !. h;ch-
NJ rrorar ,b,t o,cb State should NJ laa