Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1862-01-17
TnunsnAY moEaINc, DEC. II, 1851.
Fhe opinion or = French surist.

that persons o. passengers, on q neu!'a! YES
SCI, csc, under any cM cIrnsfsccfs: come uheer
TIE hs.a oi cort!sbsnt. Ii they are actually
engssed 1t tie :!ule il .hc military eerVice o;
ths h2s,;,e ruwc:, they ua ct!;gerenis, ard
tae ycssai, which assists ite-l, so crgsGed. be-
c,nea Itself 6 t.Nfg,re1t, snd as ,sch, : Table
TO capiu7r. Asson aud Siidei!, nos being IN
the military, could TO: Il u3ta'nt the T'7at.
The Whole ,ct;ar is il FIJI! contradiction AID
reputation Of Gensid's aTEnmsnt justiiyi7G lie
capture G. our commissioners, and 1t 'escnss
conclusions which ale CT S!ea: aud Obvious i'm
co:,usce 10 u. undyr he circumstances Of tho
;resent blockade. The proceedings against
the Tr,n5is proves 10 have Involved q great
variety OF clements of outrage Al la.lessnesS,
.hos marking it ne az scl o: highly sgEra
va:sd ,urpiiade. Gh9 difficulties III which
Lincoln ;s involved eS The :Gse;a'ion o: re-
.1using TO recognise the eS;stcnes OF var, are
s,rikiug1y exhibited il lbs Concluding IT,
MARKS.
LEGAL aspect ~ TIE TRENT Az
FAIR.
cPlSIoN OF II. p'HhUFKrrrrLEE, Il EMINENT
ERE.cn JUnIST.
Uai.. The tile, Q lcsticn Ct Hnritime Ia
terra iona! Law one Of the As; F,cncA au-
;rmi;es OF. that branch Ct irls prudence. N.
OH u.efeu lie, the lea-aed H. hor CT Fac HIS
:,rr e II .r:liu,e lnterra,lcnsl LIZ" Enlo'taa
treatise 90 The Z gh!S ard DI iea ri Mural
N:r!ons Darire y ,val Warfare" his ist gwen
o .he sur Z a c.rs'ul ~ animation VI The var;
..us O ;estioDs iLysi7ed in taa Trent aud T1sh.
V.i!e c,s's
iia Quut:en-II ID the American c~ra'asT
tie ,i.nt o. s. ppI,g ard CT %Ee2rching the
,cli:h 7esseif Itlbls search we're tho Iulas
Of int! pa;ionai iaI compl e1 with?
Ths r,gh. If tie ueliigecen! ie tbs. Il iii
ilr!ec his c5euiy b. all tic direct means q his
payer. Gae OF tie MIST ,Gsc!u1l Of lheS::
r-arH IS .c seias o. the %eueu,y'5 pTapgrS5 {;
jui i: The principle Of Toe territorial caafac:G-
o: . ship e. sea weT" ciTrisd cut n al lis IL
tesri,y, the a=:l'g-Eent would he prevented
from sSsrc#6ing tbs right Il ~cr!1 su5H
Tor ~ene,oies at sea 10 hoist q teuirs! t:G In Or.
der to e:e.pss tbs oarg4Ts Of war. u CO
c:lia,e iac ia;siest ct ncu!rals T;:h LIE: 81 o;:
i~igerans=, 20 a:ve n .he second The ficlliiy Of
exercising ttriI r:g':ts, International ]ur'sp'u.
Gerca has lons ego Ershtnd - nat OF al WAR;
prwc: 7.alI: Is II !tsn';'!:lijT3;h mtps:oP"lt
r; afcGent vessels not atcoa'p panied ay c GO lvo,Y,
i n!et on 90 The high s-aS, and 70 Starch than.
Blu, whilst msking ;his c,rc' ssion 20 tie ez'-
ctucies C var, the treatisS concluded between
4 f.reui bations rarc taken iGe gresies: tffTa
20 dac,nine i.s oil G., and 70 regulate liz
nsnrsT u ia execution in order that the righi
Of ssarca ma7 not degenerate :aso 4 juTi6t.o.
t;ona; sc:, contrary 10 The s~:ssHt;al la1epau.
dencs oi pacific M 'orE.
The right Of search hes 6 do15!o oij:c!-
FRS, 10 a!low tie tell;gerent 10 sc.t: oc ite
vessels belonging TO his cnemieFi second, 10
pre7en: neutral ns:i2us FROM violating tAei'
dot IS By c51yey:as 10 ono OF the p,r:ieS at
~sr either sEf2s, CT AMMUNITION, Or !nStfd-
merits Of ~ar.
To secure the flst enl il Is snG cisnt 10 pro7e
;hst the vessel encountered belongs really 20
the ration whose l.g sh. c,T7;ea- Til; proc:
is furnished by the production o! tie SHIPS
czrers, to which implicit faith aust De gwen.
:ccae are The very tr!me employed by oue 9!
Tho treaties Of Utrecht between France Grc
Holland, Gf Ap"l il, IT'S. AN ct all tres
!i;e have tdrp.cd Ii: ssuIe principle. without,
III 10 ! ' . IECsht iiS - SD tuIIN 'sdS- -
hose Of 1913 ard 1860. between F!ao:e aa0
tee United S a:cs; f 1888, hsiTee1 France
and E,glan6; ii 1893, ae;*ten S~ced L aLd
ha Uaiud Sig:es, ana Il! the treaties entered
!nto bg the last nsn;'0"ea P1wcF win ell
countries txcsp. "i;h ETe?erd; IN lno treaties
with England lie right .! search is nc: spoken
Of
Whom & vessel. recognized as a c5utIat ore,
:s gong towards a harbor belonging &c thu
eafmy o! the ship searching, It is necessary
10 cbta,n tbs certsinty that Ii GOES no. carry
oor,rsb.ud Of Ha,; the ships papers relating
20 rne cargo will prove this, an their sta,e>
,nent is IL be believed; ever! other DUas 81
vsr;8:,Iion is absolutely pTohib ted
4. ofen ms o bslIisereat vessel wishes to
search 6 ship which it suspects. it D;k@a
.aoyn its in;oI.icn L: Signals. and rSCs; ire
c~ren,l; by firing c su1 without a bill.
The ship, when thus @.r1sd, ought to scr
or, ct least, 10 sistkea sal, SO az to be soon
o7aJisken by TIE cruiser. II il docs not obeg,
il c.n be co.npolle5 by force, ard, con:clleht
~, BY artillery, Ira ass;;ge:eaE ousa. TO
stop a. = suBeien: distHreo :Tard ths 7s=ssl
searched MIST ~treat;a=, Erd, We inag &C
say international Jurisprudence is7a 6Saa tbis
distauo. hayond he rangs Of a cannon on!l.-
Bat The Americana, in = greet nuMj r Ct 20.
cen; treaties. have completely nc5,f-d this
1rmaiit7. According 10 Their te! liz. the IG-
tsrce 10 bs k,p:i s ds2encsnE on the sars c!
tbs sfa and Ok ID. sind, on :as nSi CT ii isa
7es; ca, and oG The dagrec Ct suEP Ct N inspired
or :hy vessel 5earchei. These { nd .;ors are
found III the TRAITS aet~e"n 10 limited States
and B-sz"i Of Dc. Il 1928: tha United Safes
and Mexico 0! Apr" 5, 1881: and the Uai'ei
safes ard Chill oi De ], 1883. Bet this Do.
o.r.ura fem the aac eat pr:aclPifs haS been
d 1,.d IS SIT otly b. the Uoi.rd S:atea.
r. =. -. lsesrvLius ought nuvsr &c snn-rn
t,,n, d * Ell htr he Oip:a;n or sny Of sas
g; e Of .ie ge:se! searched. /! sOEd5 ou; 2
o5a; tnu Or i;:roa rueG q most m:y euteE tnc
-sss.i. Sli2' pap ~ go s55Sa to taa1.-
Wien it Is pro7en bT ttese doeu
uslts that The 7esssi Is Hcu!rSl, AID noaod for
e neutral coun,c?, Tho visiting CsE7ei ought
inrut dia:.ly 10 wi'hdra., AID to l:aTe ;l4
o:as. e-ss 10 c~out:nus lis -o?sEs wiihtu,
troubling Itself phcut The cargo. L: though
the neutral character OF ihs vessel olss;EEiish
I'd, it is tckipg tie direction o! a ho5'iis p;rL,
the persona executing ne right Of search raay
demand tire production Ct tie eaPe's respect
ing the cargo, in ord:r TO verify il there bo ahg
s~r.iclss isiing uaderrhe head Of con.riband u
war. Should it r;sult from his ez4n us!ioa
shat the vessel DO 8 NOT carry prohibited aTti
clps, the visit is 81 all end ne nsut72i vessel
ought Immediately to be abandoned il .hc
orp ,si;o case tie seizure Of ihc v.ss"l CO.
tanning the c9asrsbaud oC var becomes jIssi-
Gable. Such are the rules ssnc ionsd 81 tp-
eisi ilss 10 ] nit The exception mado to Ile
principle Of tic primitive ';gh.o o e ship re-
tanning its territorial! character IN the middle
Of tie SEA, and possessing sejmpiate iaat-
nanaeros with reference 70 other c3uEtrifs
when g ating OF tie domain which'is irse ard
common TO all ~uasion5. Have these rules
been modified in any special points ny tho
entered into between Great B.i.
En- nnd tka IIni1pd S.atesf Nj None Of