The New York herald., 1862-03-11
THE TENNESSEE REBEL STAND POINT.
.~-~~~~-~~~~~~~~~~~-
FHB RAILROAD CENTRE OF THE SOUTHWEST
How Chattanooga is Connected with All the
Important Places in the SOnth.
Its Value to the Rebels if Retained In
Their Possession
II 8 3 II 2 H N @ H !,
ITS s T r. II N q II.
SKETCH OF THE VILLAGE,
Co., &C., 30.

garded place Of rising Importance until the rebellion
broke out but IT, like Others has suffered from the
madness There this place two and
eapacous depots good hotel excellently arranged
Adams.Express Office, all handy to the trains as they
arrive and depart. Passengers coming from Nashville
(north) Memphis (west) Knoxville and all other points
(sast), Charleston or Savannah, Augusta Atlanta
{south have to tarry little who at Chattanooga Thore
are also steamboats, plying the Tennessee river, from
points above and below Chattanooga suitable stages Of
the water. 1t was while tarryng at Chattanooga from
train TO another in the lat part of the month Of
sspember 1850 just prior to the Presidential election.
that the writer the celebrated wgfa pacing
tho depot in deep thought passing word brought them
into conversation, and the former communicated the
latter the intelligence, just received by telegraph that
President Buchanan had ordered Col Ezey Of the United
States artillery, who had been garrsoning Fort Smith,
Arkansas to proceed to Augusta Ga with his force and
occupy the Arsenal there. Wgfall was much amazed.
"Wbat' he exclaimed, ait cannot be that Buchanan in.
tends to the South" Tho result, it viii be re-
nsmbersd, proved that President Buchanan contem-
plated such q purpose thus early in troubles, he
selected the wrong material 10 &C omplish it with.
THE RAILROADS MEETING AT CHATTANOOGA.
Chattanooga is point where tho following railroads
meet
Memphis and Charleston road.
Georgia State road.
Atlanta and Chattanooga Railroad
Chattanooga and Knoxvl, Railroad.
MEMPHIS AND CHARLESTON ROAD.
This road 800 miles long, from Memphis to Chatta-
nooga There are some forty stopping places upon II,
among them Tuscumbia, Decatur and Huntsville Ala
bama. where the Union sentiment Is, was known 10
prevail On the Memphis and Charleston road there
eight connections with other roads before
reaching Chattanooga, viz:-At Memphis, with the
Memphis and Ohio and Mississippi and Ten
nessee roads, At Moscow Qhrty-nns miles
from Aemphis), with the Somsrville branch
(thirteen miles distance); at Grand Junction,
(Aftytwo miles from Msmphis) with the Mississippi
Central road, piercing the heart Of the States Of Mis-
sisspp and Louisiana, to the city Of New Orleans at
Oorinth (ninety three miles from Memphs) with the
Mobile and Ohio road; at Decatur (one hundred and
eighty eight miles from Memphs) with tho Tennessee
aad Alabama Central road and with steamers plying on
she Tennessee Ohio and Mississippi rivers; at Point
noek two hundred and thrty.thrse milos from Mem
phis) with the Winchester and Alabama road; at Ste-
vsnson two hundred and seventyone miles from Mem.
pAis) with the Nashville and Chattanooga road and at
Chattanooga (thrss hundred and nine miles from Mem
phis) with the Tennessee and Alabama road Nashville
end Kentucky Louisville and Nashville Nashville and
Northwestern roads, and steamers plying between ports
a the Tennessee Ohio and other rivers Chattanooga
=, therefore, point Of she utmost importance to the
rebels.
TIE REGION
Around Chattanooga. and for miles in either the
sastery westerly northery direction, u series Of
Drscpitous mountain ranges and deep rsvnes and the
railroad trains wind through the gorgss sometimes .,
survss SO abrupt that passenger In hind
- the locomotive short train. II Is wild, weird
Internally romantic region and to all points on the
Cumberland or Tennessee rivers. and well on toward
Nashvile the country seldom relieved Of these hide
susy grand aspects.
SKETCH OF CHATTANOOGA.
Chattanooga at time nourishing post village
sf Hamilton county, Tenn, and situated tho cnncs-
80 river, two hundred and fifty miles below Knoxville
by water, hundred and forty miles southeast Of
Nashville in air lne and hundred and nftyone
miles by railroad The river from this point downwards
10 navgabc by steamboats, for eight months Of the year.
and by small boats at all times. These circumstances
would have made Chattanooga Of the important
end nourishing towns Of the etae had not tho rebellion
broken out and msrred its prospects. Ths population
had been increasing At the ratio Of hundred persons
pr month since 1850, and tho surplus productions
of the surrounding country were mostly shipped
from this point. Good water power and timber
abound In the surrounding region, and tho hills
ere full Of stone coal and iron ore. The
place Ars laid out in 1882 and the population In 1853
about 500, which rapidly increasing, before
nsntionsd. The manufacture Of iron had been com
nenced In tho town, where had also beon saw MILL two
sash and blind factories three cabinet factories &c. all
worked BY steam power. Two banks were located In
Chattanooga, and four wstodo newspaper oces existed
previous The rebellion. handsome church had been
erected for tho Episcopal faith the centre Of the vii
ags Main street, which connects the lafayette
ps with the ferry, and thence with the road TO Nash
vs thus carrying the rac through the centre Of the
place. The Lookout Mountain to the west Of the village
n about fifteen hundred feet high the Mountain House
bsins reached sya ssrpsntns road about Ave miles In
1ngth leading to and from the village The river at the
Terry 10 about thrssquartsr Of mile wide and the op.
posite shore covered with bufs and knobs VARYING
from forty 70 hundred feet in height In strata
20 point Of view the place very valuable 10 the rebels
providns time Be allowed them 70 make ss strong by
.sss % 10 nov ID By nature.