The New York herald., 1862-05-20

others NAV insist upon following them It for you TO-
choose but in making your election, you viii not forge
the object view. At another point have leaned O.
the authority OF Grotus. In turning now TO vatte
writer Of masculine understanding, who has done 80
much popuarize the law Of nations, am niluenceo
by the that less austere than others no
seems always inspired by the free air OF his native
Switzerland and filed with the desire Of doing good 30
that what sanctions cannot be regarded as bera or
harsh In grasping the details which may into the
object this benevolent master teaches that we
may seek these things-l lvatte, book 8, cap. s)'-
/. Possession OF what belongs to US.
2 Expenses and charges Of the with rsparation OF
damages
s. Reduction of the enemy, SO that he shall be ncapa
BILE OF unjust violence.
4. Punishment Of the enemy.
And In order 10 arrive these results. the rights OF
forgetting that the property Of every rebel whether
real or personal is justly liable to forfeiture as
the property Of hostile prince is admitted
object which is all contained in the idea Of peace. In
this work is needless to say there be place for
sentiment Of hate or any suggestion Of vengeance
There be no exacon and punishment beyond the
necessity Of the casenothing harsh nothing excessive.
eny and pardon become the conqueror even than
his victory. Do in time Of peace the good and
time OF war the least evil possbe such the law OF
natiops" These are the words OF an eminent French
magistrate the installation OF prize court. In this
spirit it will duty to assuage the caamties Of
war; and especially to spare the inofensive population
But the taest poppes must drop. For the conspraors
who organized this great crime ana let slip the dogs Of
only punished to the extent OF eur power but thoy
should be stripped OF all means Of influence 80 that,
should their nves ,n % 81, spared ytv ey may roe
in exile. To this end their property must be
taken But thcr poor deluded followers may be safely
pardoned. Left all the privileges Of citizenship in
regenerated land they will unite in judgment Of those
leaders who have been to them such cruel
But the property Of leaders consists largely Of land
owned in extensive plantations. s just that these
should broken up that they never again be the
nurseries OF conspiracy disAection Parttioned into
small estates they will afford homes TO many who are
cal influence will be destroyed. Poor neighbors, who
have been long dupes and victims, become nde
pendent of the SOIL Brave soldiers who have
LETT their Northern skies to fight the battles Of their
country resting last from their victories and chang
ing their swords into poughshares. may I'LL the land
with Northern industry and Northern principles. /
say little Of personal property, BECAUSE although IL
may be Justly liable to confscaton yet it is easy to
SEQ that it is Of much less importance than the
land except SO far as slaves may be falsely classed
under this head Vattel says that in day soldier
would not dare to boast Of having killed the enemy's
part towards slavery, which is enemy's king II
this king were removed tranquility would reign.
Charles XII of Sweden did not hesitate to say that the
perfectly right in directing their shots
at him. for the would be at an instant end If they
could kill him, whereas they would reap little from
killing his principal officers There is shot in this
war SO effective against slavery which Is king
above all officers ID there any better augury Of COM
pete than the willingness at last to fire this
wicked king But must begin by abandoning the
illusions through which slavery has become SO strong
The slaves Of rebels cannot be regarded property
real personal Though claimed as property by their
masters, and though too often recognized as such
by individuals in the government, II is the glory
of constitution that it treats slaves always
as persons" At home, beneath the lash and local
laws, they may bo chattels but they are known to
constitution only as men. In this simple and
indlsputable fact there distinction clear as JUS
tse Itself between the in slaves and
bound allegiance and entitled TO reciprocal protsc
tion. It only remains that proper appeal should be
made their natural and instructive loyalty nor can
any pretended property Of their masters supersede this
claim-I would not say Of eminent domain, but of cm
nent power inherent in the national government which
ing the slaves free you will at do more than in any
Other way, whether to conquer to pacy to punish
TO Bless Yoi viii take from the rebellion its handspring
Of activity and strength you will stop It's chief source
and temptation 70 folonsd fesstsns sS You ,iH VIII
H. 5 s' ,ss sdd long
ever ready to break forth anew. But, while accom-
plishinE this work, you will at the same time by
the magical touch Of freedom; DO "a an act Of wise
slavery, and opening untold springs Of wealth, and
you will also do Of justice destined to raise
national name moro than any triumph of war or any
skill in peace God in his benefcence offers to nations
individuals opportunity opportunity, opportunity,
which Of all things Is most to be desired Never before
in history has he offered such as is now DO not
fail to seize il. The blow with which sme an ac-
cursed rebellion will at the time enrich and bless
is there any prosperity or happiness which it viii
not scatter abundantly throughout the land
and such act will be an epoch, marking the
change from barbarism to civilization. BY the
old rights Of war, still prevalent in Africa, Free
mon were made slaves, but by the rights of war
which ask you TO declare slaves will be made freemen
Mr. Presdent-lf you seek indemnity for the past and
under the constitution of the United States here the
way in which all these be surely obtained. Strike
down the leaders Of the rebellion and lift up the slaves
Then will there be indemnity for the past such
nation before able to win and there will be
security the future such nation before en-.
joyed, while the republic, gorfed and strengthened
yUiIi he az
After Mr.. Sumnerconcluded, Mr. DAVIS, (opp) of KY,
offered an amendment to the third section, which dis
qualified persons guilty OF offences named in the BILL
that such persons also forfeit all right of citizenship.
Rejected-yeas 8; nays 28.
Mr.. DAVIS offered another amendment to come in at
the end OF the bill providing that all property forfeited
sens.
Reected-yeas IL; nays 20.
eleventh section, which authorizes the President to
poy and organize persons Of African descent he may
deem necessary, to suppress the rebellion
Rejected follows
YEAs-Messrs Carlisle, Davis Henderson, Latham Pearce
Powell salisbury, starke Wiley, Wilson of Missouri
N4Ys-Messrs. Anthony, Browning. Clark, Collamer
Wilmot, Wilson Of Mass.-2a
Mr.. HENDERSON, (Union) OF No, moved to strike out
the first section and insort substitute, that any
person hereafter convicted Of treason shall suffer death
Imprisonment, and all property forfeited during fe
70 the feelings Of the border States Il not alb.
soluteE necessary He said there was a strong
prejudice against some OF the legislation Of Con.
gress. He should make no threats or menaees
He should never sympathizs with the rebellion
ter what legislation passed. But there strong
prejudice against setting the slaves free among them
therefore, he lett this provision Of the amsndm snt
Loud complaints came against him from his own State
for the votes he had given here but he here do
what he could to suppress the rebellion and the
country and would do what he could fof this object He
very sorry the Senate refused 70 strike out the pro-
vision for arming the slaves.
Mr. CLARK said there was not the least unkndnoss In
the Senate toward the Senator the border States
suppose white men were struck down by fever II was
simply proposed TO put negroes in certain positions
hold them We could not 'alow the prejudces OF any
body prevail TO the death Of brothers and
The amendment rejected-yeas IL; nays 25-the
vote being the same as the last except that Mr. Cowan
voted yea.
Mr. DAVIS offered amendment at the end Of the
BILL that slave shall be emancipatsd under this act
until such slave shall be taken possession Of by some
agent OF the United statSs, aud being ansu be
colonized.
Rejected
Mr. sAusBvRy, (opp) Of Del, moved to strike out the
ninth section, which provides that the President may
when he deems II necessary, issue proclamation and