, 1862-06-12


In the old cable. the copper wire WAS covered
but three times with gutta pe1cha, in the new, |
it il covered four times with the purezt gutsa per-
cha, and four times With EhAttertons patent COM
pound, by which the cable is rendered 15sotutsly
t,afae7etrd11e to 7rdfer. The old one WIS covered
with eighteen strands OF ema!l iron wire, which,
as they lad no other covering, we're directly ex-
posed to the action Of the water; the new is COY
cred with thirteen etranda, each strand consisting
Of three wires uf the best quality and each ofthese
strands covered with gutta perch, to render it in
destructible in sa1t water. By this new constrnc-
tiou, it has double the strength Of the old cable.
at the same time that it is lighter in watet-a
veEy important matter in laying it across the
ocean.
The risk Of lo=s in l.ying the new cable would be
verymueh diminished bs the fact that 1t would be
Of such strength that, even If broken 1t coEld be
recovered. as has been done in the Mediterranean;
and. besides, the principal and most expensive
materials. copper and gutta peIcha, being inde-
st1uctihle, would have at all times value in the
market.
As to the profits OF such enterprise, consid-
cred as commercial undertaking, 1t Is sufficient
TO state one fact, that there are in Europe and
America already existing owe, $50 U0 nles Of tele
graph lineF all Of which would be feeders to cable
aczoss the ocean,
'-The first cable continues Mr. Field, ''was to q
great extent, leap in the dark. Its natcria and
construction were as good as the state Of knowl-
edce at the time provided, and IL many Respects,
it was lot unsuitable, but there did not exist at
that time te Instruments OF APPLIANCES aof scstlna
its integrity and insulation in the way since point
| cd ost by experience. The e!ftcIs Of temperature
| OF insulation were not kne1n or allovedfor. The
,ast difference on the con;uctibility OF copper
we're tnly discovered hy neanz of th.; c,h1, when
| r,Te. The mathematical law whereby the pro.
| ,o7;inn of Insulation to conductioa are dclernin
| ed. hsa not been fully Investigated: and it va;
even argued by come cectr:tiAns thai the s1nalle,
tic conductor, the more rapidly the carrcnt could
pass through It, No mode of protecting the s&tes
'a1 shea,n :on 'hsSa'1o, nau 'uso oseu u1seos
efeo' anu sac hiuu u na.n.ness lo' sao
..s',,s, sa.,ssaa 0 ~oA'N 0>'''
1.o,;u,~ h,r1- T., that ,a-;,d o,d orsn+ins .ha
thcrc r,s too mnch ha-tc in the n7,;,ara4,n, ami
taat othe. mi takes were committed which coul
now be fore.een and ayoidcd 1t is not too much Il
roy that, II that cable could be laid and worked Il
N"as uone' a,ter one 1aluse IN !so'. ano sne eo1
ssau.e' unso!i'"s aso s1ofase " ~ III - A9'se
s'tuatlo ahu ai'st thsee a1'cnlp's III looo, 1noe
lne n'os' .taf.u. .iseut4anes7 a. ~ "easns.,
, "oeto W ~ ~ ' s.e.'
"ur -, ~. ..,r.s.:- :.
conrnar.. 49, m 80 81, . .s t. aovsr,mrn3a arc .
I StlhlHeite a9 we'll SA7 ~ EV>e4 aAl@u1o ate
course pointed out, and with clearacss Of i
: 11sirat;o, +h,. ,,,r,e 1it,Io r., ho 3,.;rsd ~
: 1us1felon luar 4ea'ts utIle ~ " oeshe eoA ~
ou]y thing to be feared from it is, that, in tt
Grant ot a var i,,tvecn tb7. conntrv md En-,
-. Vs.. 80" ~
land, tho latter might be- disposed to Sel1
; r,o,, 41,a oxc,ns;vc 1sn of +t, co9,1a ,na III,
q =,