Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1862-07-29

II the question cannot hsve this peaceful solu-
tion may soon solve ITSELF In torrents OF blood,
and amid scenes of ruin and desoiation we
cannot fy from It IL we would, nor can we long
postpone the Issue. Every days delay hurries
us on to impending ruin, and those fatal words
OF destiny, it IS late, may soon souni the
doom of the Republic. This question, our only
element Of dlscord invited and still threatens
foreign Intervention. No other just, pesceful,
practical, constitutional and fnal settlement has
ever been proposed. Indeed every plan which
does not solve the complex problem of slavery
and negroism, which fails to provide for the
gradual extinction Of the Institution, and African
colonization beyond our limits, only renews and
inhames the contest
approach with awe and solemnity the disc
sion Of this great question, and impIore the calm
and candid consideration Of my countrymen. If
fbe plan proposed by the President and adopted
by Congress, seems slow in securing totaI manu-
mission and colonization, II would be progressive
and certain. God WORKS out the destiny Of ma
tions by no sudden or spasmodlc action. His great
and benefc mt changes are slow aud gradual,
but, when he wills destruction, it Ia sudden
the crash Of the eartnq 1ake, or the sweep OF
the hurricane, marked by ruin and desolation
Would we avoid like disasters In solving this
stupendous problem, we must follow, In humble
faith, the ways Of God, and thus, by gentle, but
constant aud successive movements, reach the
grs1d result. ..
shall discuss this question under no sectional
or party aspect, influence of passion or preju-
dice, or any motive but the desire to promote the
good OF nv country Our national interests mus.
be fully considere as also those great moral
priEciplss and Intellectual developments which
eXalt and dignity the character OF man. shall
examine The subject inductively and deductively
the facts and the causes
By the census Of 1870 the sixteen States then
enumerated held slaves, except Massachusetts,
inrl Ind han o M I'm hpF, IAN
arately,) where the institution was abolished by
their State constitution of 1850 The following
table from the census, shows the gradual disap-
p.aTance Of slavery from seven OF these States,
the remaining eight States still continuing the
:7so lsOO IsIO Is2O 1880 1870 1850 1850
ss6a::;i:s,. s 5;:sd: as s. 81 81 5S 5SS 3 EE
E::}: s S is;:. 81. i; i;sI 'a:;; q m
Illinois, by her constitution Of 1918, continued
slavery ia the state, but declared that fchiIdren
hereafter born shall be free An effort was
made In CORgrsss TO defeat the admission of ILL.,
1lois the ground that its constitution "did not
then decided by the n use Of Representatives,
(II7 to SAY that 'the ordinance did not extend TO
States /" IN the Senate the vote was unanimous,
Cses Mics Register, vol 10, page so Illinois
adopted the PeRnsy Vi vania system, and the laws
Cf Rh1de Island and Connecticut are similar.
The action OF Indiana effected similar results.
By the census Illinois had 9l7 slaves In ls2O,
IA In ls3O. 33I in 1910; and Indiana had 1s0
slaves In 1850, and in 1880 and lsi0. slaves
barn aztec the date of the act were emarcipated
the.eby, In most OF tue states named in the
abovs liable New York, by her act OF 1899, con
tinued in bondage the slaves then living, bu,
th1se boYn after tie date Of the law, were eman
cipzted al iLs age Of 2s; and in New Jersey, the
males at 25, and the females at 81. This slow
and g7adusI pgGcess, In states having 80 few
slaves sh ouid inculcate kinder and more ildul-
gent feeling az to those loyal communities whe.s
the slaves are much more numerous, aud tie
time aud mode Of action 90 vital The great
model act Of gradual emanci patton, drawn by
BENJAMIN Frankiin, and adopted By Psnnsyf-
vdnia in 1850, Liberated all the slaves Corn after
ats date, and Il i clear, as well from ihe ines
sages Of the President, as from his previous re-
corded acts and opinions, that when ne speaks
of grad uaI abolition, he eOntemp stes this system
mOGt likely 70 be adopted by the border States
In this aspect, cOnSdering the Gum 20 be paid for
the after sg-H iHfaHtS 01ly, (recentlY valued Of
fcallV by experts here at $50 each,) and sheiT
gradual colonization abroad at proper ages, the
whole e1psEse vas truly stated IN my frst let.er
Of the 2sih June iast az "!ess than few months
cost Of the war - That letter ayers, that such
action now by the Border states wcglS kastea
the war to conclusion, sat save vast eXpenai-
tures OF blood and treasure, whilst decreasing
The danger OF foreign Intervention. England
shsn cOHid only intervene as the ayowes sav Of
slavery, whica would involve her IN reyolg-
tItu On this sub ieet the President speaks ear
restiy ard no doubt with IEH ksopIsdgs All
the information fIom Eng giand, as wen as from
France lends to the same conclusion, and ths is
the view o. all our real friends in Europe. That
GRADUAL emancipation should produce Its full
eject in our fdvo- ct home and abroad, 1t must
be the nc. of tas Sls1tsS In which slavery exists,
thus manifesting their supreme devotion to the
UniOn. Indeed, besides ;ne risk aveHed, tue
expense thus saved would far exceed the cost
Of the measure Cengyess, IA the absence OF
Unforeseen disasters, EilI legislste further on
the subject, but he faith OF the nation Ia already
plighted bY the act Cl the 10th OF April last; and
Government that could not be trusted 70 carry
out a pledge so sac led, would be hardly worth
preserving Under this act, however, each State
can, II IL thlhk proper, make, now, It's own pro
The expense of S3OO fer each slave an stated by
soms Of the worthy Border State members. con-
tenp plates immed ate abolition, but the cost 10
srAll when confined TO the ar er- born FOst natl
The estimated average cost Of removal, Of SIO0
each, based on the few casual TIL Of vessels sent
0y the Maryland Colonization Society to Liberia,
Is no criterion for the movement on a large scale
by the nation, with ships making regular trips
with return cargoes, opening commerce most
beneficial 10 rs, and sOoE raIunding all the ex-
penSe. NOr should We calculate all the trips to
Liberia, when most Of them may he to the w eat
Indies, MEXICO, Central, or Southern America.
Judging bV the cost Of European elig ration, tie
average charge should not exceed $40 each for
adults, chlldren and infants, and from New York
TO Hayti II Is 81 each. By the ceDsns OF 1860
ire infant slaves, uader one year old, born IN
were 301, which al $50 each, would cost siiS.,
$50; and estima'iog the removal, as proper ages
al even go each, s7l,73O,l would ma ke the |
sntIfe annual expense 70 the Government for
emancipation in Maryland, aud coloniIatIoa
SiJf which yearly charge would be coa-
stastlY decreasing, aud In htle more tran
gsneratio,.. have ceased aloZether Thus the
3naaeizl difficulty entirely disappears Before
closing these letters, shall, nom the data
now 0eIag prepared, present an accurate e,tl-
mate showing the very small cost OF gradusl
enamel patton and colonization on this plan.
For every negro thus removed, At Least two |
Europeans WIN come here, specially under |
zen in 1888, q Senator in 1895, and 40 Cover
nor Of Kansas In 1857, and now under more in
nuential auspices, become a law. This bill In
Missouri and other Slave states, can never have
It's full operation, until these lands, as home
steads, are cultivated mainly by the whites only,
as result of the gradual emancipation and COLO
hlLaton OF the negroes. Then, the time, greatly
accelerated by the homestead bin, would soon
come, when our Union would embrace the Wits
ALcE ONLY, and not the mongrei admixture OF
eoiors, now 90 fearfuIly progressing North and
South Strange that aay advoc aiiaZ the sxclu-
sion OF negroes fEom their States should oppose
tnls Plan Of the President or that any, always