The daily Green Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1861-1865, 1862-12-03

''ii'y ahd convertible ALWAYS into coin. would
- O''' protect labor against the evils o! a
VICIOUS currency and facilitate commerce by
cheap and safe exchange. 4 moderate rpservH-
'ioh from the Interest on the bonds would cam
pehSate the Unlted States for the rrenarat;un
ana distribution Of the notes and u general su.
pif'i'Ion OF the system, and would tighten the
oureeh OF thar part Of the public debt employ
ed as securities
I0e public credit moreover would be greatly
improved ana the negotiation OF tne new loans
greatly facilitated by the steady market demand
Tor government bonds which the adoption Of tie
proposed system would create. Ii is an ad
ditt3nal recommendation CT tie measure. Of con-
siderable weight IN my judgment, that it would
reconcile, rs lar rs possible, ali existing inter
ess by the opportunity offered to existing IN
ShturIoos to re.orSaD!ze under the act substitu-
ing only the secured autorm national clrcula-
t0n Tor The local and various c;rculatious, S.
| cnred and unsecured, ROW issued by them
I he receipts into the treasury rom all sour
caS, including loans and h4i4ncs from the pree
c2dng year, tOr the fiscal year, ending on The
33th .! June. 1862 were 1855 So, I'll, Of
which sUm ,,49 go, 3&7, were derived from Gus
toms Fi,1Uj, 3Gl - from tie direct tax
from pubic LANDS $I52 2O3,1 > from mi>cel.
}areous source, &93l 1o- 81 from loaus in all
forms, S52J .G92 400 80 The remainder s.
251 ,CG5.S0 was the balance from last year
The disbursements during the same period
weee ior Congressonal Executive anG judiciary
| purposes, S5.939 ,0O9 % ; Tor fo1egn inter-
course, ;s,i.339 40, ,35 I1r miscellaneous ex-
pe"ses, including the mlnts, loans, Post Office
deficiencies, collection 0 revenue, ana other
light charges, Sl+, ,l29,71 so; Tor expenses
under the interior Department, 50, l02 ,9Sj ,j2;
under the War Department, S394 ,368 ,401 Sc
udder the Navy Department, S:42 672 500 60
tor interest on the public debt Sl3 ,l09, ,32+ Is;
and or the payment Of the nublc debt, inclu-
ding reimbursement, oi temporary loans and re.
dcmprlons. $J0.023 So Estimating an aggre-
gate OF 500, 81 800 -, and leaving balance
IN the Treasury on the first day of July, 1862,
Of @l3, ,G43 ,54O Sl
1t should be observed thar the N Of So
0oO,J-2 % expended for reimbursement anu re
domp,lrn of tie pablo debt being incln el also
II the loans made, may be properly deducted
both from the receiptsand expenditures, leaving
the &ctua! receipts tor the year S471,189 IL.
Otoe5 information on tho subject Of the f1an-
cG5 "l!l DC found IN the report Of the Secretary
Cl tlc treasury, to whose statement aOd views
invite your nost candid aud cJrsiderate at
! .2atOu,
DEPARTMENT REPORTS.
! The reports OF the Secretaries Of the Navy and
i v al are herewith transmitted. These reports,
though lengthy, are scarcely more than briet
absttactS o. The very numerous and extensive
transactions and operations conducted through
these Departments, nor could give summary
OF them here upon any principle which would
admit ii It's being Inuch shorter than the reports
themselves.
l. therefore, coutent myself with laying the
reports before you and asking your attention TO
| them.
POSTAL AFFAIRS.
Ii gives me pleasure to report decided i'm
prov enGnt in the financial condition OF the Post
Office Department compared with several
preceding years. The receipts OF the fiscal year
| 1851, amounted to $S,349 ,296 40, which en-
byaccl the revenue from al the States in the
Union for thrce-q quarters oi that year.
Notwithstanding the cessation of revenue
from the so-cal!ed seeded States during the last
fiscal year, the increase Of the correspondence of
THE loyal States has been sufficient to produce a |
revenue during the same year of IS ,399 $40. |
being only SSJO, 600 less than was derived from
all Tie States Of the Union during Tie previous |
year.
The expenditures show still more favorable
result. The amount expended in 1861 was
Sl3 COG, 49, IL for the last year the amount
has been reduced to Sll ,l25 3G4 10; showing
u decrease OF about 81, ,4Sl 900 in the expendi
lures as compared with the preceding year, aud
OF about 50, 80 600 as compared WITH the fiscal
year OF 1860.
The deficiency in the department for the pre-
viou3 year was 81 ,55l ,996,SS for the last fiscal
year iG was reduced to 81, ,Sl4 81. These
favorable results are IN part owing 10 the cessa
ton Of mail service in the insurrectionary States
and 10 part to a casual revi W of all the expen.
dltures lu that department IN the interest of
economy. The efficiency of the postal service
1t is believed, has also been much improved.
The Postmaster General also opened cores
pom ence through the department OF State with
foreign Governments proposing convention of
postal representatives for the purpose of slmpli-
lying the rates Of foreign postage and to expe-
dltc the foreign mails.
This proposition, equally important to our
adopted citizens and To the commercial interest
of tins country, has been lavorably entertained
and agreed to by all the governments from whom
replies have been received.
SIX the attention OF Congress to the sug.
geoton OF the Postmaster General in his report
respecting tie further legislation required, in
his opinion, ior the benefit OF the postal service.
PUBLIC LANDS.
The Secretary vi the Interior reports as iol-
lows in regard to the public lands The public
lands have ceased to be a source OF revenue.
From the lst of July, 1861, to the 30th OF Sep
tember, 1862, the entire cash receipts from the
sale of lands were $l37 ,416 ,26, sum much
less than the expense of our land system during
the same period. The Homestead law, when
will take effect on the LIST of January next, offers
n -