Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886, 1862-07-01
BY WCLANAHAN 4 DILL.

! GTimean War.
l. Water beiag Of the utmost Importance to
wounded men, care should be taken, when be
! fore the enemy, not only that the barrels at
1ached 10 the conveyance carts are properly
I filed with good water or such other means as
/ are commonly used il the country for carrying
/ it, shanld be procured and duly fl led.
/ = Baudsges or rollers, applied on the field Of
/ battle are, in general so many things wasted,
/ as they become dirty and stiff, and are usually
cut away and destroyed, without having been
really useful; they are therefore no. forth com
! ing when required, aud would be OF no use.
! 3 Simple gunshot wounds require nothing
more, for the FIRST two or three days, than the
application of piece Of wet or oiled linen,
fastened en- with q STRIP Of sticking plaster, OF ii
possible, kept constantly wet and cold with
wster When cold disagrceS, warm water should
/ bs substituted.
/ Wounds male by swords, sabers or other
cutting instruments, are 70 be treated principally
/ BIZ position Thus, q cut down to the bone,
! across the thick part of the arm, Immediately
belo;y the SHOULDER IS 10 be treated by raising
! tie arm to or sb0ge right angle with the body,
! in which position Il is to be retained, however
/ inconvenieut it may be. LigatureS may be IN
! serted. but through the skin only. II the throat
! be cut acI0ss in front, any great vessels Should
/ g. tilI, ana oOzing stopped by a sponge. After
] =
move the sponge. and the head brought down
! toward The chest, and retained in that position
/ without hgau.es il this IS done Too soon, tie
sufferer Ia ly possibly be suffOcated by the inl-
tratio OF bloc inio the areylag tissue parts ad-
/ jscent
/ . If the cavity Of the chest is opened into by
a sword or lzuce, it is Of the utmost Importance
! that the wound ia the skin should be ehec.iyey
( closed. and this can only BE- done by sewing It
4.-1. Id srrls 1.ND a
/ skin only being included a compress last saohid
be applied over the st ches, fastened on by STICK
( ing plaster The patient IS thon 10 be placed
! on tie wounded side that the lung may isl
/ down IL il can, upon, or apply Itself 70 lhs
/ wounded part. and adhere 0 i, by which happy
and hoped for incident life may IN al probE9iiiiy
/ be preserved. Il the lung should be seen pro
tTujiug in the wound, 1t should not he r toIntd
( beyond the level OF the ribs, but bscovcFcd over
/ by the tEterI 81 parts.
/ Is Il is advisable TO encourage previously the
discharge Of blood ii0ai Tie cavity OF the chest,
] If any have fallen iulO IL; but il tie bleeding
/ from within should continue, so as to place iEe
! lfs Of The sufferer IN danger the eN ernal w6und
/ should be closed and events awaited.
:. When IL is doubtf.i Thsther Tire bleeding
n-ocetdS from tie cavity OF tie ebeEt, or from
/ The iniercOstal artery a surgical bUgb ar IN
iucison through the SKIN sud the external inter
c0slal muscle viii expose the srtcry close to lie
edge of the lib having the internal inieTcosiai
muscle behind it. The vessel thus exposed may
be tied. or tie end pinched by tie fOTceps, until
it ceases to bleed. Tying string round the
ribs is = destructive piece OF cruelty 62d the
plugs, etc, formerly recommended, may be coz
sidered as surgical incongfu.lies.
=. A gun-shut wound ia tie chest glnPos close
By adhesion, and must remain open. Tie pcs
ton Of The sufferer should therefore be that
which is most comfortable 10 him. a small aole
penetrating the cavity is Blore dangerous Than
large one, and the wound is less danger2pS Il TIE
ball goes through The body The wound5
should be examined, aHd enlarged Il necessary
ia order to remove all eEtTGneSG5 sa5stauce',
even if they should be seen to stick Ga the sUF
face Of the lungs; the opening should be cover
ed with soft oied OF we. liut-a bsodage when
agreeable The saT Of the surgeon aud the
ststhoseOpe are invaluable g,d7, Gad ougbi a.
ways to be used indeed 10 injury OF tle chSst
can be scientifically treated without them.
9. lncised and gun shot wounds OF tie aldo
men are to be tgeat d in nearly similar man
rer; the position ~ both being that v hioh Is
most sgreeAble to the patient, the P9rts beng re
isxsd
10 Ia wounds Of the bladder, an elastic cath
er is generally necessary. fit canuot be passed,
an oneuirg should be made in the periIgum for
the evacuation Of tie urine, with as little delay
as possible.
IL. Ia pun-shot fractures Of the skull the
loose, broken pieces of bone, aud al eXtTaneOus
substances are to be removed as soon IS possible,
and depressed fractures Of bone are to be raised
A deep cut made by heavy sword through the
bone, into the brain, generally causes c0nsld-
eYatls depression of tho inner table OF bone,
whilst the on er may appear to be merely III
yidcd
- A., arm, = ys.r.Fs, e., Lo arr,rutata1 pvelDt
from the effects Of a cannon Shot The head Of
tie bone is to be sawn oif, if necessary. The
elbow-ioint Is TO be cut cut il destroyed and the
sufferer in either case, may have very useful
arm.
10. In case OF gun-shot fracture of the upper
arm, in which the bore is much Splinte ed, ipcis
ions are to be made, for the removal of ell the
broken Iieces which il is feasible TO take away.
The elbow is to be supported. The forearm Is
10 be ted in a similar manner the spl'nis
used should be solid.
il The hand l. never to be smputstsd, unless
all or nesrly ell its parts sre destroyed. Differ
eut bones of it and Of the wrist 70 be removed
when irrec0vsrably injured, with or without the
lnetarcsrpal bones and fingers OF the thumb
but a thumb and one finger should always be
pTeservd when possible.
-. The head of the tiiigh-bOne should be ssWn
of when broken by a musketbalL AmpUta-
ton at the hip jciut should only be done when
the frseiuTe extends some distance into the shat.
or the limb Is destroyed by caunon-sLot
l6 The knee ioiRt should be cut out when If
recoversbly injured; bat toe limb IS not TO be
amputated until it cannot be avoided.
L. gun shot fracture Of the middle 6f the
thigh, attended by great splintering, is case
for amputation. La less difficult cases, the
splinter should be removed by incisions, par
ticulaIly when they can be made on the uppGr
and outer side Of the thigh The limb should
be placed on = straight, firm splint. broken
thigh does not admit Of much, and sometimes
Of no eLtenssOs,, EiiEOut an unadylsable increase
OF suffering. an !Ge4 u two Ol shortening the
thigh does not 50 materially interfere with pro
gression as 70 make tie sufferer regret hsYing
escaped ampulstion.
Is. a leg injured below the knee should rare
" be amputaied in the first instance, unless
from llie Effects of a eGnnoRshOt. The splinteEs
Of bone are al 10 be Immediately removed, by
saw or lorceps, after dss incisOns. The limb
should be placed IN iron splnis aad hung on
permanent frame as sfiOTdng the gTestest eo.t.-
LIt, sl.d probable chance Of ultimate success.
Ig ( n epkie-i0int Is to be cat out, unless the
lNud0ns around aye 100 much injured, and so
are ne lsrssl and matsLsrsgl bones and toes
Iucisions baYe hitherto been teo istlle employed
in the early treatment Of these in3uTiss Gt iha
foot for the removal Of the extTaneOus SUI
stances
20. A wound os the principal artery Of the
thigh, in addition L gun-shot fracture, renders
immediate smputatiOA necessary. Ia no other
pait Of the body is Emputation to be done in the
first instance tor such injury. Ligstures are to
be place on the wounded artery, enc above, the
other below the wound, and events awaited.
81. The occurrence OF modification in RDy OF
these cases will be known by ihs charge Of
color in the skin. It viii rarely occur in the
upper extremity, but viii frequently do 50 in
Tie lower When about to take place, the color
of the skin Of the foot changes, from the natural
aesh color, TO aAallsWTy OF m0ttled white Am
putation should be performed Eimediately above
the fractured part. The modification is yst
local
- Ill a. a;.ooIoraainr, La nol hann oh