The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1862-07-21

whaeb ne The scarcity o. "hiie ahd olhei hsh w
IN arts has been supplied b, "a Increased roduc io
OF lard OIL aud especially 10y hat beneiiceAt Ia" OF con
pclsatoa which pervaes tho ecohainy u nature, aas
when provision fails he chilfsn, opens 10 then
nngther in the exhaust ~ storcho 80 OF he
material reseu ces. or leads OFT Their Hoatn
energies upon paths OF discovery for the supply
their wants Thus, when MA kind WIS about Y
emerge from the simplicity OF the primitive aud pastoral
ages the more soft aud fusihle mot Is no longer sced
for the aricer, and veins Of revealed their wealth
ami Ia the supply o. his al tlcal wants, and
became potent agents oi his future ogress when The
elaboration Of the metals and other inoens arts we're
fast sweeping tho forests from the tho exhsustess
treasures OF fossil fuoi stored for his faue were
disc osed TO man. aud when the artificial sources 81 OH
seemed about to fail Substitute was discovered lowing
In almost perennial fountains from the depths or
these carbonier0us strata decline oil the cod
whse FISHERIES 10, theles, 20 be regretted,
they have from the earliest period n our history
the nurseries OF seaeo and OF our naval and CONNER
ca marine and therefore contributing 10 the national
defence, TO foreign commerce, sLipbuadng agriculture
and other important interests.
PETROL uM. e.
An important deveopnsnt Of the natural resources OF
the country and valuable addition 70 its exports have
been made by the discovery, wn two or three years.
that certain indications known TO thc aboriginal and
early European inhabitants Of tho mester. country of
natural reservoirs IL inhammablo oil existing upon
the head waters Of the Aie 1hany river in New
York and Pennsylvania but the clue emily
nexhaustibe supplies Of native OIL accessible at no great
depth throughout extended belt OF coaary embracing
the bituminous coal measures Of several Stites,
Petroleum, rex or mineral oil, natural product Of
tho decomposition OF organic matter emitted nom the
soil in various formations particularly those Of Ok salt
known and employed to soe extent by tho ancnts
having been mentiood BY the atner Of histnry twenty
ters Of later date. In It's more iuid FORM ound on
the shores Of the Caspian Sea-, the Irawdy u Bur-
man. In Italy, and parts OF our country, it has
borne the name OF naptha while the solid clements
OF the substance preduninated In the articles
known asphaltum and bitumen, found abundanty in
the Great Pitch Lake OF the Island Of Trinidad the
Dead Sea in Judea and elsewhere Petroleum Is nearly
Identical properties with the artificial oils which have
been long derived from the destructive dstiilaton Of
"A m
nite bitumnous shalos, sands, clays peat, &c which
have been the subject Of numerous patents IN Europe
and America and within the last eight years have been
manufactured considerable extent IN the United
States and tho neghborns Provinces until tho native
petroleum springs opened source OF cheaper supply
Az product Of our own country this remark bic sub
stance brought to the notice OF the While population
early the middle OF tho last century by the Seneca
Indians, who found IL upon OIL creek branch o. the
Allegheny, in venango county, eunsylvana, and
tho head Of the Genesce river in New York, whence 1t
received the name OF "Seneca ol'' and Geresee oil
used By the natives in their religious
and medcament for wounds. &c For the last named
purpose II has been long collected and sold n small
titles at high price. perennial flow OF oil has been
known In OH creek above referred to- for
tury For the last forty years the spring has been
closed in vat or structure Of wood and stones. which
was daily skinned by the proprietor and msde the
source OF considerable revenue. We have soon cxt.n-
sve diggngs in this region made by the French more
than century slice, while that nation held tho valley
OF the Mississippi which evidently made ascef
tain the basis source OF what no doubt, impressed
the French officers IS most interesting and curious dc
=
less formed article or considerable traffic between
the indians and traders region have seem
In old bo0ks Of the last century galons
and "kegsn Of Seneca oil credited TO the Indians.
MINES OF PENNSYLVANIA
It's existence in any vast amount appears to have boon
boring FOR salt near Tarentum, thirty five miles above
rittsburg, on tho Allegheny. Experiments having
proved its constituents to he nearly the those u
the artificial carbon oil, company organized in
New York to attempt Its publication by the pro
cess applied to the latter But little was Effected how
ever, and in 1857 Messrs. Bowdi.ch Drake OF New
Haven, commenced operations at Ttusvile on OIL creek
where traces Of early explorations found and in
august 1859, fountain was reached py boring, &C
gallons daily Before tho close OF the year $780, the num-
Der wells and borngs estimated to be about two
producing daily by the aid Of pumps an aggregate Of
eleven hundred and sixty five barrels OF crude oil worth,
at twenty cents gallon, about ten thousand dollars
Wells after sunk 10 the depth OF five or six
hundred feet and the flow of petroleum became pro-
fuse that no less than three thousand barrels were
ones yielding from fifteen TO twenty barrels per diem
In several instances extraordinary means were found
necessary TO check and control the flow, which s
regulated in such wells, according 10 the state Of
the market by strong tubng and stop cocks 1hcquan
tity sent to market by the Sunbury and Erie Railroad
from the Pennsylvania oil region which has thus FAR
been the principal source Increased from 1875 barrels
1859 to 134 927 barrels in 1851. The whole quantity
shipped in the last mentioned year nearly 500 goo
barrels Since August, 1861, the product has rapidly in
creased Tho present capacity Of tho wss is estimated
250 coo 800 600 barrels per week So inn ortant
however, have the operations In this article become,
that railroad we understand, has been chartered In
lyania exclusively for the transpor of the oil
to market. From q recent number Of the Register,
newspaper publish in Tiiusvillc, Pennsylvania,
copy the following statement ruerting the production
Of petroleum In vicinit, "Welearn that the num-
Der Of wells howing u seventy the number of
wells that formerly pumped and Lowei IS sixtytw the
number OF wells sunk ana commenced is 35s total 95
The amount Of oilshppcd 600 600 barrcs
OF daily flow, 5717 barrels. The average value OF the
OIL at 81 per barrel. IL 81 0o2 900; average cost
Of wells, at 81 600 each, Is $4,000; machinery,
building &C., from $500 10 500 each, 100000. The
total number OF reuers Is twentylv The detailed
port of tho condition OF the wells shows that production
il On the increase Holders firm at fifty cents per
barrel the wells and doat TO about selling
any great at that price, With increased laci
ties for getting II to the scaboard at cheap rate for
the operations will doubtless become
much more extended than at present. seE6N
Tho expectation OF crude and refined petroleum from
tho PRINCIPAL Atlantic cities 70 Europe south America,
and tho West Indies, has already become considerable,
the larger proportion being shipped 10 England Much Of
il i sent to Europe in this crude state In which form IL
said to be preferred for the sake OF the collateral pro-
ducts obtained in the process OF refining 1t is probable
however that the highly inlammabe character Of the
nrelned article owing TO the presonce Of certain case
lection tn its shipment In that state The quantity
ported from the cities Of Philadelphia. New York, Bos-
ton, Baltimore, and San Francisco, from the LIST Of Jan
uary the LIST OF April, 1862, amounted TO 2,342 042
gallons valued at 1858 49, The receipts at Cicinnaii
curing the period, Of carb~n and petroleum oils,
$40 900 gallons IL 600 barrels nearly one-haf
Of which petroleum oil The exports from the three
cities rs mentioned from the 1s January to the 10th
Of May the present year 65i 100 gallons worth
$3.50 .SS6 and the shipments in the last week Of that
period from tho Same places were 255,6O0, gallons,
valued at $40 ,16o
large reduction has taken place in the price since the
OF the trade and particularly during the
last few months. Tho price Of crude petroleum in Pha-
depha the 4th OF January 1892 was from 226 to %
cents gallon and Of refined oil 37is 10 IS cents On tho
10Th If March tho prices had declined at the place
10 and IL cents for crude and rs TO 81 cents for
nped Oil while the most recent price lists place
al and 10 cents Although ths capacity Of the existing
wells already exceeds profitable demand there appears
10 bs assignabe limit to the low 10 the localities
which may be found 70 yield It, Whenever augmented
demand shall warrant CHI or Increased produc
ton The bitunnous coal Of the United Sta
to cover upward OF 62,o goo square miles
In oight OF the Middle, Southern AMI Western
states. Springs and reservoirs Of petroleum have
been discovered throughout nearly their whole extent
They have also been noticed by Captain Stansbnry
branch OF the Yellow creek, eghty.thrce miles from
Salt Lake City In Utah the route TO Fort Leayenworth.
They exist in a the neighboring British PROV
inces. II Is probable that the saerous strata Of
country may be generally found to yield this In
mineral product
The this article Is not limited to It's valuo
II, NJ ttrhf