The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1862-06-18

4
fortidden 70 enigrs1e 70 that State II M
never disputed-neVer. notl Oregon Applies
fDr admission. Her coustituti0a prDrideI
that no person Of African descent, thOnEl
tree. and no Chinsnan. should smigTzte q
that State, or sbosld have the right Of suHrae
OF hold property. In the Globe Of the 35tl
Congress laT- 1R5. q seg-. the debate 10 re
ported. A Seastor rom Maine denle6 IN
right TINS to exelnae black men, who Een
citizens OF ms oxn State, By decision Of In
Supreme Court of Maine. He held. -
suppose my eeIle,gne fMr. BIzoaANl holds
that no ONE porsi0a of the 1btssas of tn
United States interfere with the nights o
another pOrtiSn Of the citizens Of the UNITED
States. and that negroes are citizens IN
iisregarding the decision Of the Federa
court against negro citizenship. am nj iOsi
20 see Ehat sanction the Supreme Court o
Maine. or the ipe &irit Of my COLLEAGUES,
ought to hare. Bat waiying that, il EaI
answered by q Republican Senator from Lii
nois. Mr.. TaUMsULL,l who dsnied that ne
groes ought to be placed on an equal footing
in tbs States, with white ciGneus- Jndg.
l Douglas. whose woTd is BoE 50 sacred whene
once it was 30 condemned. said: @
j
population from her limits, had hoped there
was no dispute at- this day Ii Maine :ehoofei
10 encourage a coiored instead OF a white popn-
lat5on, it ia their right TO do NO. Thers ARE ma
ters which besOng 10 the sUEere5gaty OF each
Stale 10 decide for itself Maine has decided
one way, Illinois anDrher- 4 thOnght rhas fer
several years we had renognized this doctrine
completeay-"
He might well have thoasht 30. with the
Karcaa Esaa,rt s4,.ssta-. s, h1a n,r>a
winch the Republicans hsd endorsed, and
which made it the duty OF the first Legisia
ture to pass laws to prohibit the introduction
OF free negroes into Kansas. At the ooneln
ton of tha debate it was gensrslly conceded
that although members might, in their dis
cretion, vote against Oregon on Account OF
TINS prohibition Of free negroes. that after a
State was admitted. she had the fnli right 90
make what police regulations SHE pleased 40
to her population. Oregon was admitted
with this constitution. No question has ever
been raised, either in the courts of her STATE
or the United States, as to the legality OF her
prohibition know that my colleague, in
the most brilliant speech Of his life. argued
against the exclusion of negroes hom Oregon
as unconstitutional. inhuman. and atrocipus-
He argued the question ably. lie distin-
guished between the conventional rights of
suffrage and the natural right of locomotion
and emigration. He 10 consistent to day
with his record. then; but. In my opinion,
consistently wrong. 1t was never intended,
and it is not so written In the Constitution,
that the States shoah give up the right to
regulate the character of their immigration.
Ii ii were not so, there could be mo- safety to
property. liberty, or LIE. under state institu
tions. A Community OF Mormans or Thugs
might take possession of a State, and there
would be NO remedy. This reserved right
tor self protection to the State has never
been given up, nor can the delegation Of this
power be inferred from any general phrase 10
the instrument like that which declares "the
citizens OF each State shall be entitled TO ali
the rights and immunities Of citizens Of the
several States" Ii it were thus inferrible,
we might then conclude tbst the Supreme
Court Of the United States were wrong IN
deciding that negroes were mot citizens. But
history and precedent show that the Supreme
Court were right; and although they decided
it in the Dred Scott case. no one contends
that this part of that decision was eo,ans non
judice. 1t is authoritative upon all citizens
tleman allow me to say that deny it.
Mr.. COX. The question of jurisdiction
in that case depended ON citizenship; and
when the question of jurisdiction was deci-
against Dred Scott, because he was not q
citizen, it has been argued that the rest of
tine decision was cc,am non justice. It. was
perfectly proper in that case to decide as to
the citizenship; for on that turned the ques-
lion of jurisdiction.
IL. The right and power to exclude Afri-
cans from the States North, being compatible
with our system of State sovereignty and
Federal supremacy, | assert that it impoltic,
dangerous, degrading, and unjust to the
white men of Ohio and of the North, to al.
low such immigration.
By the census of 1860, in Ohio, we have
36,225 colored persons out of a population OF
2, 2,339, $50. AS general thing, they are vi
cious, indolent, and improvident. They num-
Der as yet one black to shout sixty three
whites; but their ratio of increase, during
the last ten years, has been 1880 per cent,
while that of the white Increase is only
17.12 per cent? n
About one tenth Of our convicts are ne.
groes. Igather from the census of 1850
that four tenths ofthe female prisoners are
blacks although they compose but one.
eigbteth of the female population Of Ohio.
In Massachusetts, the conyics in the Peni
tentiary are one sixth bla k; Connecticut
ne-third; New York. one fourth. In Ohio
the blacks are not agricultursts, They soon
become walters, BARRIERS, and otherwise sub
servient to the whites They have lust O.
nough consequence given to them by late
events to be pestilent. The resistance of the
abolitionists to the Federal authority in Ohio,
within the past three years. was abetted by
colored men, some OF whom had received
schooling enough at Oberln to be vain and
seditious. p
The last Legislature of Ohio. by their com
mlt'ee, gave their proteges this certificate OF
character in their report:
"The negro race is looked upon by the people
Of Ohio as clnss to be kept by themselves
be debayred of social intercourse with the
whites--to be deprived OF all advantages which
they canot enjoy in common with their own
class. e-r
deprived of the advantages here enumera
ted, IL coutd not be expected that he should al
tain any great advancement in social improve.
ment. Generally, the negro in Ohio is lazy, ig. |
nofant, and vicious"
II thiS De true, IL would % well 20 inquire
why energetic legislation is not had, in view
OF the emancipation schemes here impending,
to prevent this lazy, ignorant and vicious
class from overrunning our State. Such !;
legislation was asked and refused.
II further testimony Is needed Of the peo.
Pile Of Ohio and the northwest as to the
blacks, refer you to the speech OF an Ohio |
Senator Mr.. Sherman Speaking in favor
of emancipation In this District, he balanced
himself on the slackwirs alter this fashion: |
"'rhis is good place to begu emancipation
Ior another reason. This 10 very Paradise for |
rec negroes. Here they enjoy more sncial
equality than they do anywhere else. In the
tate where live we do not like neg roes. We
10 not disguise our dislike. As my friend from
Indiana [Mr WRlGHrI said yesterday, the
whole people Of the northwestern Sta tee are
Tor reasons, whether correct or not, opposed to
having many negroes among them, and that
principle or predjudice has been engratled in
he Ieoi atian nj naarv nll tha nnr IN w arn