The New York herald., 1862-01-08


the following mode Of qudating it,
The act Of Congress Of July ~ 1851 provides for In
ment and covers all the expenditures incurred in raising
volunteers under the Of the Legislature of this State
OF April 49, On the LIST inst these amounted in the
On this the late Comptroller received from
ths unitod States Treasury 1,l66o4s 90
Leaving still duo from the government, on
s baasso sum M assumed win be- soxed ~ Sc 20
Treasury Department. and will be credited account Of
the direct tax due from this State which, before
stated stated, Is: Is: !: zig
Leaving a ne. tax of 50 ,21a ,as2
And thero is found to be due tho United
Under chapter a71 Laws Of 1851 direct tax Of ono
and half mills the taxable property Of tho
levied This will produce about two million, hun
dred and foryone thousand dollars of which but about
hve hundred thousand dollars appears above will be
required to lqudate tho balance OF the United States
1t is 10 be remembered that this state tax levied
upon personal we'll real property, and that there
were no exemptions such as provided for in the law
Of Congress But with the privilege Of adjusting the
debt due to tho State for advances the opportunity for
making an important saving on the collection Of the
federal tax, providing at the same time for paying de-
mand which must be met the Legislature, think, will
find difficulty in making such adisposton Of part
of the proceeds of the tax raised under chapter 27
will accomplish these ends
The act also provides for collecting upon the annual In
come OF overy person residing in the United States,
whether derived from property from profession
vocation carried in the United States elsewhere
such annual income exceeds eight hundred dollars
OF three per centum on tho amount Of such OF in
come above eight hundred dollars and upon the income
accrung upon any property securities owned in the
United States by any citizen thereof residing abroad
tax of five per centum favorable excepttn in both
instances Is made income from Treasury noos and
other securities Of the government These taxes TO
be assessed collected under regulations prescribed BY
the Secretary Of the Treasury.
This is a novelty in our country We have heretofore
taxed only real and personal property obvious that
great inequality would result from enforcement Of this
law in Partial as would be tho now. Il
Is understood that Congress will take measures for w34y
tying its provisions: question as to the constitutions
ty OF this measure has been raised is asked docs
not conflict with tho terms of section two article one
United States constitution, which determines that "rsp
rc3cntation and taxation shall be apportioned
several States according TO their respective numbers"
THE STATE MILITIA-REFoRMs RECOMMENDED.
In my annual message Of 1851 recommended that the
en gradually declining, should be fostered and called
attention to the fact that part Of the established
policy of our country to maintain woll regulated militia
as pledge Of domestic security and OF safety from
ternal violonce 1t was obvious that militia In
no condition. either respected discipline equipment
for minute duiy The growing apprehension throughout
the country that collision occur between the au-
thores and the insurgents and especially In view Of the
fact that our arsenas and armories were dss
tue OF supplies induced mo tho 9th Of January, in
transmitting the annaur Of the Commssary snera
to call special attention to tho facts presented theron.
organized militia OF the State unsupplled with
reliable arms Especially referred to the then existing
the Legislature take early supply urging
that order TO be prepared for any emergency suit
able appropriation should be made from the Treasury
The favorable terms and the large market at that time
would havo cnabod tho state to the necessary
articles ut very moderate prices, when compared with
subsequent The final consideration Of the subject
as known did not take place in tho Assembly until the
hundred thousand dollars for the purpose OF armine the
militia Of the State and providing for the public defence
There have been in Europe under this ten
mn et of fxhic obnut
six thousand have been delivered in New York. The
report Of the Commissary General win embrace full
detail OF the receipts and issues OF military and
the present supply Of arms and munitions.
Our constitution requires that tho militia of this State
shall at all times DO armed and disciplined and in read-
ness for service To accomplish this some essential
notifications OF our present militia laws are obviously
necessary As Congress has tho power TO provide for
ganzng arming and dciplnng the militia Of the
try the system OF this State must have for its rounda-
ton the various acts Of that body The detective charac
ter OF the act Of Congress of 1892 presents serious diff
Guilty in tho way Of such notifications of.our present
laws as experience would dictate carefully prepared
report, the result OF systematic inquiry and cores.
pondenco with the active military men OF the state,
made through the Adutant General by the Judge Advo
cato cato. General will bo presented to you 1t pro-
sent militia system; to abolish, with two
ceptions, the elective system to return to the
mcde OF enrolling prescribed by tho act Of
17e2 to require yearly drills and thus provide well
trained nucleus in every locality; to limit the duration Of
commissions and To terminate within given period those
new in force to require candidates for commissions to be
examined and the enactment Of series articles war
Tor tho government OF troops the service OF the State
in time Of based on those in force In the army. Il
recommends other and minor amen ments In modifying
our system il important to keep in view two facts the
one, that too much is not attempted to be accomplished
the other that suitable provision shall be made for the
necessary expenses OF the Tho 1872 erred
undoubtedly in requiring than should OF a people
whose pursuits largely agricultural aud mechanical
Experience shows that those between tho ages twenty
and thirty constitute the class who maintain the militia
organizations and from which has been drawn the great
bulk Of the volunteers Upon this class must prn-
cpay depend for the efficiency Of future militia
tabshment There Is obvious necessity for immediate
attention TO this subject and therefore the
early preparation of bill which, while conforming to the
laws Of Congress- shall meet present and future needs
OUR POLITICAL TRoUBLEs-REvIEw OF THE REBEL
LION.
Our political troubles which have engrcssed the at
tenton and employed the Of the country
seeds were sown third. OF century ago, and though
unobserved by u.s. its growth has been carefully watched
s ros The a,tcuns 80 ,Snora sSs odara T,vn
1882 an inexpression Of the same sentiment which
now animates the leaders Of secession and time has
served justify tho prediction Of General Jackson that,
revive again undor the form Of slavery agitation.
Slowly, but surely, the process Of poisoning the
tory in its time will sit in judgment and
review the account; TO its record Ioave tho rise
which directly involve duty, shall I refer.
THE POLITICAL CAMPAIGN OF 1860.
The summer Of 1860 was one OF peculiar political ntc
rest. The manifestations Of popular opinion
usually open and candid. Early in tho yoar political
conventions had paccd our Candidates poioo the people
for the Presidency Three Of these stood uncquivocay
pledged TO uphold the constitution and maintain the
Union. The fourth while believed by his Northern sup
porers to be loyal was by the more general opnionre
gardcd otherwise Recent events have fully justified
the popular suspicion in this respect Tho election
on November O. The North proceeded calmly and de-
Iberatey TO the exercise Of right which had been set
tied at the Revolution and confirmed at every Subsequent
election Thc vote unusually large. The
verdict At the polls emphatic 0f tho four million
ak hundred and nifty four tho sand ballots given three
mi eeh, hundred and ftccn thousand were for uncon
ditional Union New York, with sixteen others Of
the thirty three States, gave her electoral
vote for the present incumbent. Aside from
the legal Obligation the South, by participating,
bound honor accept the result OF the election with
ont dissent but the leaders Of disunon. with amazing
audacity made II protex for precipating the catastro
phe attempted secession the country They well
knew that tho rights OF State had been endangered by
the result the election indeed the successful party
had in all authoritative modes, expressly cononded ZOE
tho right OF each State TO control It's domestic instk