The weekly Ottumwa courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1857-1872, 1862-08-23
most distinctly, that at ihe outset ofthis re-

make war upon them could make cOnQues
of them, and subjugatc them But desir
to say this that what suppose was takel
to resemble secession was the fact that as
serted, proceeding as we did upon tn
ground that we would not make conques
and sdHugation, IL, at the end Of that time
1t was found that there were no loyal peopl
there, I said there was an end oft sunles
/ we fell back upon cur rights as nation t,
make conquest and subjugation !, and tina
was the whole of it. | say so still, and am
prepared TO stand upon it. anywhere.
think it is unexceptionable. si.a,qss d ssh
| Mr.. HARLAN. 4 did not use the man name
of the rebel chief in this connection for ths
purpose offorming ann offensive. association
Of names;I alluded to what appeared to me
to be similarity Of argument, and not simi.
larity Of character. The Senator, as I, un.
derstood him, repeated the argument of the
rebel Senators who occupied seats on the
other side of the Chamber about a year
since. They maintained that the people of
a State had the right to dissolve their con-
nection with this Government, and either
remain as an independent State, assuming a
Distinct nationality, or to affiliate. with
other States for that purpose; that the peo-
pie Of State ofthe Union may, at their
own election, renounce their allegiance 10
-
the Federal Government without ,censulta-
ton with the people of any other State, or
of all the remaining States combined; !; that
the continuance ofthe Union depended on
the volition Or caprice Of the people of each
of its parts. understood the, Senator to
lay down the same premises He said that
when this war broke out, everybody sup
posed that large part of the people Of the
rebellious districts were loyal; that the war
was prosecuted on our part to enable these
loyal people to organize and maint,in their
State governments under the Constitution,
as heretofore but that IL there were no
loyal people in ary of these States, it was
the end Of the controversy that all just
Governments derived their powers from the
consent of the governed. Now, Mr.. Pres-
dent as it seems to me, the only conclusion
that car be derived from this processs of
reasoningis that il the people of State,
with substantial uDanimity. desire to Sc
cede, they have the right to do So Nor do
understand the Senator to have opposed
this doctrine this morning. He would not
have advised the people of any State to Sc
cede; he does not think it was best for them
to secede; he thinks it a great calamity
that they should attempt to secede; he did
not, and perhaps does not still believe that
the people Of any one of these States did,
with anything like unanimity. give their vol
untary assent to any act of secession !; but
nevertheless, il they did, in fact. with ord-
nary unanimity, desire to dissolve the
Union, and are still disloyal, and deliberate-
" resist the authority of the Government of
the United States, understand him. to
maintain that we have no authority to put
them down. disgree with him. If every
inhabitant Of any one of the States Of the
Union desired to secede, do notadmit they
have the right to dissolve the Union. /.
maintain that the provision in the Constitu-
tion which says, the citizens of each State
shall be entitled to all the privileges and i'm.
munities Of citizens ofthe several States," is
in direct conflict with that assumption. I
claim, as citizen Of the United States from
the State Of Iowa, that have a right to the
protection Of the United States in South
Carolina, in Georgia, in Louisiana, and that
It Is the duty of this Government to afford
me the same protection in any other State
of the Union that can claim of this Gov
ernment in the State in which I happen to
reside. Whenever interest, pleasure, or
curiosity induces me to enter another State
of the Union, the national Government has
pledged me its protection. This isans un-
conditional obligation. It does not depend
on the people of the particular locality. I
am no less citizen Of the United States in
South Carolina than In Iowa, and my right
TO claim protection of person and property.
and redress Of grievances. is as complete in
any other State as in that Of my domicil -
This view, however, pertains not alone to
the individual rights of each citizen. It is
equally applicable to the people of the na 4
ton in the aggregate. The people of the
whole country have the right, in common,
to navigate the waters Of every part, to carry
on commerce, and to use either land or
water in makinga common defense against
a foreign enemy. The rivers, harbors, in,
lets, bays, and forts in Louisiana, Georgia,
or in South Carolina, are as much the pro-
perty Of the people Of Iowa as Of the people
Of the States named. We are taxed to I'm
prove the one and to construct the other,
and have a right to demand that they shall
be held for the common good. The harbors
at New Orleans, Charleston, or New York
have not been improved and fortified for the
people of those localities alone they are sea-
ports for the people Of the interior IS much
As for those Of the coast. And in practice
1t may be quite ss important for tho welfare
of the people whom I represent in part that
. foreign enemy should be met and repelled
at New Orleans as 1t Keokuk or Dubu-
que. a.s. .sE4as x. Sos ggsgss v ao.s
Nor do admit the truth Of the Senator'S
coroliary that harmonious opposition to the