The New York herald., 1862-04-24

cable from which to make his drawings bris descrip
toa Of each will prove the great superiority Of cable No.
over cable No. for submarine telegraphing
glance at both shows tho great difference In the
SIZE OF the conductors that in No being than i've
times larger than the conductor in No. 1, while it
possesses times It's conducting powerthat is
from sixteen eighteen words minute can be trans
mitted through it, consequence of It's greater size
wen the superior quality OF the copper, from which
latter desderatum slone Il acquires proportonate
speed equal TO increase Of hy per cent In the old
cable (No ~ the conductor, which consists Of seven
small wires insulated with three coverings Of gutta
percha and OF hemp, while all LAID eighteen
strands OF small sized iron wre to give IL the requisite
strength.
Cable No. 2, besides the great advantage which it
in tho largely increased size OF the conductor
much superior in point OF insulation The conductor
insulated with four coverings layers of the pures
kind or gutta percha, and between each OF these
layers is composition known Chattsrton's COM
pound, the materials composing which are not at
liberty TO publish. 1t is however. sufficient to know that
is Of such as comb nation with the gutta
percha to render hs cable perfectly mpermeabe by salt
water In the engraving the gua percha is marked in
black, while the white circles indicate Chaterton's
pound The copper and iron wires easily distinguished
by their being represented in white Instead OF eighteen
strands Of iron wire for outer covering each strand
c~ossting or wires, have in the cabe but
thirteen strands each strand consisting Of but three
wires Each OF these thirteen strands Is covered nsu
lated with guIta percha to protect from the corrosive
action Of the water thus rendering 1t ndssructible
in the great depths Of the The weight OF the
ductor alone in cable No. l. is ninety three pounds to
the mile, while that in cable No. is more than FIVE
times heavier being five hundred and ten pounds TO the
same length Tho difference in the rels.ve weights
-.
q two thousand Avo hundred pounds. These the
comparative weights in afr; but their weights in water
show largely in favor of the cable for while the old
sixteen hundred pounds the cable docs not
weigh than twelve hundred pounds when submerged
IN water. There is other advantage which should
not be omitted and which clearly and forcibly
expressed by the Hon. Stuart Wortoy, Of London,
in an interview which accorded deputaion Of the
company by Lord Palmer the 2lst OF March last
that shall his language at Is ascertained," said
Mr. wortley ethat instead of using small conductors
with high electric power should have large conduct
Ing wires of the finest copper and work with low power"
This principle which has been satisfactorily established
has governed the manufacturers in the production of the
CABLE and the result is that the great IN
power already specified has bean attained Whether we
upon this improvement with regard to its great ad
vantage In commercial or pecuniary point Of view,
with regard to its value far the wants OF the
camille classes concerned. the increased profits
which ii will return to the stockholders its importance
hardly be oversstimated There Is only
mark remains with regard to this cable
which is that Its cost will be two hundred pounds, or
thousand dollars per Fnils
Tho with which the enterprise is regarded by
United States and British governments and It's impor
tance a Of communication between both for
governmental purposes give the strongest assurance
A. o..
interest the capital invested, as 10 enable
tho company to raise the required amount
seven hundred thousand pounds, or three and
half millions Of dolars-which would leave
large margin over the actual expenses. The qua
rantce asked by the company is four per cent
upon this capital amounting in the aggregate to twenty
eight thousand pounds, one hundred and forty thou
sand dcars-each government to pay onehaf, or two
pc. cent and tho time to which shis would
extend should not be less than thirty years. There
doubt that such q guarantee will bo given by the
British government alone or in connection with own
That government takes earnest interest In the
OF the undertaking Is evident from tho following
paragraph. contained in Official despatch from Mr.
Seward to the United States Minister as the Court Of ST.
James, which paragraph, may state was read by Mr.
Cyrus W. Fold at meeting Of the shareholders of the
Atlantic Telegraph Company held in london the 10th
of March last -
You may say 10 Earl Russell that the President enter
tsns the favorable views Of the great enterprise
question, and would be happy to cooperate with the
British government in securing It's successful execution
and such arrangements as would guarantee 10 both na
tions reciprocal benefits from the OF the telegraph
only in times Of peace but in times Of war IT.,
contrary desire and expectation and to the great
dctrment Of both nations, war should ever arise BE-
tween them.
The chief objection which has been urged aganis the
lire is, that IL would be OF more advantage to Grea
nrff. to Ar,
viii completely disappear when the Is submitted
to The test Of fair Investigation While /. is that
Europe would have the benefit of commercial or other
communication with America would be placed within
immediate reach Of every capital and every great
mercia centre Of every civilized country the Old
World The greet advantage would therefore be on our
side and no portion Of our community would be
prompt 10 realize this advantage than commercial and
mercantile classes They would not be slow TO and out that
it would place the United states, as grain growing
country equal footing with the grea ou,sts to the
vast grain regions Of Russia At present our merchant
not posessed Of the advantages which enjoyed
by those OF England in the invaluable ,rado facilities af
fcrded w he connecting lines OF telegraph which con-
vsy Their orders almost with the speed Of thought to the
dealers and traders in far-o1 Odessa. How 10
It will .ss while the merchants Of Liverpool,
puI c.se cargo Of wheat in Odessa, and a. has
bean fcrcbiy urged be ready to dispose Of anoa, in
hours time, takes twenty Ave days accomplish
the thing with this country 10 simplify the mat
ter, the advantages possessed By rasaan o7sr Amor
merchants in proportion W ,te difference be
tween telssraphc aud mail CO nuncation. But TO
render IL ssil more Ineligible yi suppose that one
half the nour merchants OF Now k possessed exclusive
and Of all the with the West they
would occupy position towards the other half that the
British merchants occupy towards the merchants Of
the United States. Then again, the advantage OF an
Atlantic Telegraph II a. in the opportunities
which affords in case Of an advance in price Take IL
sltogs.her. as things now stand have 70 chance 70
compete en- anything Ike equal ground with the grain
markets Of Europe. But lot the Atlantic Telegraph be
converted Into grand reality and our merchants will
have fair hsd before them.
Looking at tho Atlantic Telegraph q paying specu.
latoo is only necessary 70 state that thors are now
completed IN Europe and America M less than one nun
dysd and ffv NOltsdnd .nt>s Of telegraph nes a n,