, 1862-12-05

1t has not been found necessary to exercise
Fithin the loyal States the power conferred
'pou the President by law to take actusl mil
t.ry possession Of the railroads of the
country
The various companies met in convention |
n this city united in proposing q uniform
ariff for Government transportation, which
appears to be Just AID equitable, and they have
all the services required Of them by
he department with a promptness, efficiency
o'ism Of their Ranagers.
Every means the country affords has bsen
put forth to complete the arnaments Of our
forts and Notifications for the defense Of hsr- |
borg aud coasts. az ia shown by tue report Of
not noW stated, and the legislation
required By this branch of the service will, BY
your direction, be communicated to the ap-
propriete committee The subject OF armiag
the fortifca1ipns, particularly u those defending
TIE harbors Of our principal Atlantic porta, |
has received special attention, and all the |
means ut the disposal of the department have
been applied to that end, SO far as was possi- |
lie aad consistent with meeting other ilnpeE- |
a'lye requirements. |
naval warfare OF Iron clad vessels, compare
t;yely safe from the effects of such batteries |
as had hitherto been sufficient to guard |
e1eetually against the passage Of hostile ye5-
sels, it became necessary to provide heavler
and more powerful ordnance. TIE whole |
Eysttm Of such ar1IameEt was carefully re-
Flsed and amended BY bosrd Of tue most
experienced and competent otiicsrs, aud
measures have been takea to carry their uc-
commodatjons into effect.
The Secretary calls special attention to the
rccessity OF providing additional means for
the storage and preservation Of ordinary cup
riiee, as Recommended in tue report Of the
Chief Of Ordnance. The attention OF tho De-
1.arlmeut has been earnestly directed to the
1o1ts and Notifications for coast and harhor
detenses. 4 personal inspection Of these ittl-
rortac* works j:as been made By Gen. Totten,
fhe distinguished Chief Q! Engineers. The
grants made by Congress for fortifcations
snlounttd 70 1ise millions FIVE hundred aad
thirty i've drliars for permanent works, aud
seven luhdied aud dtii thousand do lars for
t.mperp1y works. The CAi-f o1 Engineers
reports tsia: these sums admitted Of very ma
tellal progress beirg made at most Of the in
rof1aat tuSts now III process OF con6truc ion.
This. las beer. rcaiiz:d il nu 2ber
"a. cc,ne5t had been cif4cted. 7zsat
difficulties have baen experienced in obt4ining
supplies Of materials from tue au2rrie5. Stone
yarns, &c, owing TO The dc1ia 1ds made Upon
tEt classes usually employed in this Kind of
works bY the War Departments. Similar
transportation tor materials. Much has been
done In advancing the state OF readiness OF
our Notifications III the principal commercial
| l,arbore Tor service, il preparing tor addition
al guns, in preparing for tue reception Of ar
ulauent VI reTy large calibre in the existing
batteries, and In pl4ciDg all in effective condi-
tjel Of defense. Like measures have ac=n
observed with reference to navl Stations and
| our frontier generally.
| The Secretary says no aphorism is mora
| universally received than that The sole object
! Of 4 just war Is to make the enemy fntl The
| evils OF his injustice, and By his suff.rings
ameri bis ways, and lie must therefore be at
tackled in most accessible quarters. The
power Of the rebels rests upon their peculiar
| syetem Of labor, which keeps la5or@7s ON
their plantations, TO support owners who are
deyotlng their time and strength to destroy
our lrlules aud destroy our Government
Whenever that system is in hostility to t!e
Government, it is, in lis opinion, the duty o
those conducting the war to strike down th.
syeteia, and turn against the rebels the produc
ton power that upholis the iasurrcc:ior
Rightly organized in the recovered terris orr,
the laborers OF the rebels %i'l not aid in hold
ing fortified positions, but their labor Will, a
an Iudis, free the white soldiers from the mos
unwholesome exposure Of the South. The,
will cultivate the corn and forage which vii
feed our cavalry and artillery hores, ant
saye the country q portion Of the enorMou
l burden now attending their purchase an,
| transportation from the North. This cu}
tiyation would have been Of greater advan
: | tzge to us CT tic southeastern coast than eve
l that Of the great staple of the sea-is!an.l:
2 He SAYS, in conclusion the greater pa1
: Of the whole country, which formerly pro
a duccd ibc Sea IeIsrd cotton is now through
Q restored to the Union-the lahotefs are ther<
the soil ard climate 4; i needs only assuranc
e Of protection to revive the cultivation Of tt
: staple, rs well as to produce vast quantities
: corn and forage for our troops. Siuce TIL
J. var nust be conducted bT marches, aud ba
0 lies, and seiges, why neglect the pest anear
I make fHfTn EncrnGEfu1 and rl5u1i
;, permanent2 1t is worthy Of notice that thu
q | FAR the portions of territory which We have T
IS ceived, and must firmly bold, are precisel
c those in which the greatest proportion
p armies will be permanent to operate ia as
u occupy the country, and in labor for II
n army, in ra1siDg its and their own ST.
Is plies, full occupation can be Civ
then; apd with this there will be neither c
Is cae:on nor temptation to them to enligrate
ts northern and less congeDia1 climate. Jud
!. | ing By experience, no colorsd man will lea
Is his home in The South, If protected ia I'll
1e home. All possibility Of competition fre
Ve pegro labor in the North is avoided in givi
Or the soil which they hare thus t.r cultivate
lc- | the right to which has been vacated by I
a. | original proprietor5, deeply inyolSed Ia I
re- crimes Of treason and rebellion No gr
territcrc has been permanently reduced vi
N out depriVing the leaders Of the people
re their lauEels and property. 1t il these t
nc give power aua iutnence- Few III IN have
pa. Commanding genius and talent to exer1
o. dangerous influence over their fellow-m
ed without the adgentitious aid OF money
properly. By striking down this system
'ns compulsory labor, which enables the lead
,es, of rebellion to control the resources OF
aea people, the rebellion would die of itself.
| der no circumstance, LAS any disposition
70 | eerVise insuErection been exhibited by tbs
Muai M ored people in aug Southern1 State, Will
' ne strong loyaltg TO the Federal Government
'21- been displayed On every occasion, and agai
ae1 gcsted, the rebellion may be aisarmed
u r. suhdued swiftly aud ef1ectually, and live
w our own people saved from slaughter on
Ma battlefield. By the occupation Of all t
forts On the Mississippi. and the sea ca
the | Ssata for the iudustrv Of our neon1e to
ana ply the wants Of the army, and
lied Of a loyal population ia excEanEe toz
aus valuable products ot their labor. Another p
70 Of attack ia By armed settlements upon
), II, xatant government Lands in Fiorids and Te
for thousands in the Northern and Yves
,ect- ,n;its,1 navsment ~ n171t fbeiT ho1Se
ant the best territory Of this continent, and .
it back to the Union as loyal States. 8;
zen. from the Southern States being invinciha
eers country was eyer so Vulnerable Of the III
:helr at hand as arc employed against them.
your proposition for compensated eman
IN. IN ton and voluntary return to loyalt
~ ..son b}irdly rejected, still the proper app}ics
pose 1na.,+ ,a.,,,t fa;1 -, acco.un1;ah +ho o.,
con. sion OF the rebellion and 3 restorati3
enta. those peaceful relations which were1aesi
s,tnt TO he established for ever on this coatine,
Atons oa5 the union Of the States.
a do The secret Htstory of tile Wa,
~ the GEN. 7opE TO GEN. EA1LECK