, 1862-08-29

sider that we are only at the end Of one year
now, and yet the whole effective mass Of the
ineurTectionaty region has been brought into
the field by CONSUMPTION The credit of the
revolution is dead before the first dollar has
been raised By taxation to support 1t, and the
territory which must bear taxation is at once
reduced TO ite na1rowest limits. and is ex-
hausted of its wealth and supplies.
The power OF a losing faction under any cir
cumstance6 must continually grow less But
thnt Of the d!e1nioniEts is abating under the
operation Of 3 cause peculiar to themselves.
which it is now my duty to bring forward-I
mean the practice OF African slavery.
sm aware thst in regard to this point AN
opening subject which was early interdicted
in this correspondence. The reason for the
introduction, and the reason for q departure
from it ere, however, equally obvious. It
was properly left out Of view, SO long as
tice Of magnanimity this government might
cover that weakness Of the insurgents With
out encouraging them to persevere in their
reasonable conspiracy against the Uuiou.
They have p7otracted the war q year, notwith-
standing this forbearance of tie government,
to end q domestic strife, while they have
forced slavery into Euch prominence that it
c11 Lot be overlooked.
Tie region where the insurTection still re-
mains fragrant, embraces al! or parts Of sew
eral States, with white population Of 4,500,-
0G0, 7,00O, ,0G0 ~ould be bearer the truth, and
negro population Of ], 500 900, chiefly slaves.
1t is thus seen to DC q war between Two par
ties of the white race, not only in the pres
eucc but in the Very midst OF the enslayed
negro race.
1t is notorions-we could not conceal the
fact if We would that the dispute between
tlem arose out OF question in which the ne
gro race baye deep and lasting interest, and
that their synp4thies, wishes and interests
naturally, necessarily, Inevitably fall on the
side of the Union. Such civil WET between
two parties OF the white race, in such place
and under such circumstances, could not be
expected to continue long before the negrorlce
would begin to manifest some sensioility and
some excitement We have arrived at that
stage already. Everywhere the American
general receives his most useful aud reliable
| information from the negroe, who halls his
coming harbiuger of freedom. Wherever
national arEy advances into the insurrection-
ary region, African bondnen escaping from
their iDsurrectionary masters, come
out TO Meet it, and offer their service and L.
eor IL whatever capacity they may be desired.
So many Of these bondsmen have, even with
out the Invitation, aud often AGAINST the opp
sition Of the federal military and naval AUTHOR
lilies, made their way from bondage among the
Insurgents to freedom among the logalists,
tEat the government finds itself occupied with
with tuniclles at home or abroad. If the war
should contiIue Indefinitely, every Slave will
income, rot only tree nan, b1t an absentee.
II the Insurgents shall resist their escape, how
could they hope prevent the civil war they have
lnaururated from degenerasing into seryile
| war: True, servilc population, especially
/ one SO long enslayad as ll= Africans, il the
| jl!urrtctsouar; States. relnirc time and trial
| bcft tt they can organize a seryi1e war; hut if
the war continues in'2=tia;telv, a servile war is
only a QUESTION OF time. Tie problem, then,
IS, whether the strife shall be left to 50 on to
| !ilst point. The government, auitnated ny q
| inst regard for the general welfare, including
that Of the ins nsurrectionary States, adopts a
| rcii2y designed Fl oHce ia save the Union
a.d rescue society from that fearful
| ca'astrophe, while it copsults the ultimate
| peaceful relief Of the nation from slarery. It
c.n1ot be necessary to prove to any euliglt-
| encd state s,Dan that the labor of the African
| III The iEeurrectionaTy region is 1t present in
dispcnsaple as resource OF the insurgents for
c*...tiIuiDg the war, nor is it now necessary to
sl:o:y That this same labor is the basis of the
Hhnle industrial system existing in that r4-
e.eiop. The war il thus seen 10 be producing
already diso7gaujzatfon of the in-
I :u5tgial system of the insurrec;ionary
States, and tending to subversion Of even
their social system. Let it next be considered
larye1y based upon the African slave labor OF
the insure ctionarF States employed in the
production OF cotton, tobacco, and rice, and
on the free labor Of the other States employed
in producing cereals, out of which combined
productions arises the demand for European
productions, materials, aud fabrics. The dis,
organization of industry, which is already re-
ycaling itself In the iusurrectiunarg States,
caIrot hut impair their abillty to prosecute
tie war, and at the same time result indirect
u in greater distress In Europe.
On tho other hand, this dlsorGanKatiol op.
| a IF
# dcr.l government and to the loyal States
Every African laborer who escapes from his
service is not only lost to the support Of ths
i1.suIrecfion, hut he brings Al accession t,
the productive labor Of the loyal States, auG
to that extent increases their ability to con
t'nuc the contest in which they are reluctant
1r engaged. The failure of foreign i'm 2orta
lion as heretofore in return for the eXporta
ton of southern staples stimulates the manu-
facturing industry Of the loyal states. Imni
gTatjcr1s accelerated By an activity in shest
States resulting from extended manufacture
and :he prosecution Of the war.
Tins has the phen omeuen aopaared, dl5ap
, poiutiEg so many prophecies in Europe, tha
the war fmpoyerishes aud eNhausss onl,
the intusrcctiun and not the Union. I slal
not contend that these effects would be per
petuAl. know there is a reckoning for ever
nation that has the misfortune to be lnvolre'
III = war, aud I do not expect tor the lutte
| States any exemption from that fnezoTabi
law; but it is enough for nly present purpos
| that The penalties arc EeltEcr more lmine1i 1t
:, than Tie loyal states can cndare, whil. bring
> iny this unhappy contesft to its desired conclu
: | sion. lie: lis now suppose that any one O
| tore European states should think it ri..h
Or eSpcdi:nt to intervene by force to o5ii:y
the United States to accept comrro:.isc q
) If 1htir Sovereignty. What other etf-ct cou:
i: produce than 10 render inevitable, and eve
hurry ou, that s-rvi,t war, ST destructive L
, all European Interest in this country
: which this sreysr"ment so studiouslv strive
: tt ayoii3 krow tuat the danger Of an
. f"rti:n nation attempting su@a L policy,
i: lad ever existed, had sssed, as aul ltpp
+ 10 Er"win!; 1ta. ro foreign goye7nucnt III
= ever !breatentd such Intervention, while se'
:. eral nlas1:'nln"u, yoyernAeut5 have rcpad
AIvd Ill ,.ntrirnily designs. I have put 10
) ward that hypothesis o1ily by way Of pref |;
- to a qufsti.'n not less signiacAnt-namel.
: what Illus: be the effect Of such . polit
abroad as will encourage the insurgents vii
u hcrts oI .usets +,;ticE wu!ch IS ncyEr+o o:cu
:, Is not that effect visible in the t1stin1ey
; fhc inEurEents, in their destruction of tt
cotton and tobacco already cultivated, al
e liable to he brought nta commerce ~ II r
{ .urH OF }'csc., llli in their studied neglect
u their rlartlEg O. the SEED Of thtir sc,,.!e
IL and turning sn much OF the African labor
- - they are abls. to save inte the production
J suFplics Of proyi >ions and to14:,e, to eua5
. them 10 continue TIE Hay?
. The effect will be further developed as tin
y goes on, In opening the way for thu. scrtl
~ ~aT, which If i shall be permitted to CO n
~ Will produce iutiHite suffering -throu sdout Il
!. world, ard ca1 Gully 1t las. resul. il Al t
Il t:lels rev system Of trade and conmer:e h
1e 1 tween tue Cnitcd Sta.es ard foreign nation
~ I NEED not say that these views are Il
~ ~ grounded q: any proceedings or expre5slo
~ ~ II tie British go'*ranlent, and are 10 be s,s
VI VI nit'cd TO them only. as st1ry will be 10 nta
lS states, from strong desire on the par! OF t.
lIesident that the trna condition uf the NJ
u. u I ert strife my nc everywhere t;i"iI u1 |,
M IL. stood. I a,u, &c, N1L11AM IT, SEWARD
IL EARL RUSSELL To Mn. STUART.
Ia Fo::E1s:x NFr1cv. LcSpoS, July ., fss!
:ir Six: have lrf: hitherto uuans wcred a
un,o.ict d lhs: dlspss1c2 Of Mr.. Seward, wn
We MIR. Adams delivered more than 4 mouth Il:
" I have done 80 partly because the mltit
II events r,i1CT,'e to in i were, it the q t>ia
sr ci ttr lii. jAs!y's rovernmsnt, f1r frou, b.:
IS it ci-iyl. oG partly tlrcausG there uo I,
&c i,e%a, III j: rIu:: wAi.l lcT I'll m;irsty's cove
A. 1urft wire called unon 10 cc:uc To any c
~ | cus.on.
IT.: Events suhss ,luent II the date Of %tr. S:
- ard's LITTER have shown t.At li"r Ill j. IS:
cey,rl inert, il their O. iai,a. ui n th= j;
mr. ii tlies" p2i;tS were not mistaken.
y Eictosr hay" hren .-siecd. reyer:es Il
e!- | followed; Positions h,se been REACHED in
1s 1"ar neighhufho;I OF the c:ni'al Of til: |
gs i.erat.s, AMI these pusl:iuus hive been ~
ley | aha1.concd.
ver T1ese events have been accom- panied
irh | great }tss Of lite in battle and il losrik;
o.. while such measures as the coniscn:on
m have Tasstd through 5o:h houses Of { ,a5-