New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1862-05-30
GOVERNMENT AND AGRICULTURE.

fatigable Commissioner Of Patents, has Issued
bis annual Report on Agriculture for the
Year 1861" We speak not of the bulky
volume of Agricultural excerpts, supposed DIS
coveries, improvements, &C., usually issued
from that Bureau for bOunteOus distribution
under the frank of Members of Congress, but OF
the far briefer prelude thereto wherein the Com
missioner is accustomed to set forth bis own
Vows of topics deemed of special interest to
farmers. Mr.. Holloway's Report embOdies a
terse, vigorous, thoroughgoing vindication OF the
Protective policy, which we trust will be widely
and thoughtfully read. 1t is eminenty forcible
and sound, and should attract general attention.
MIR. Holloway argues with equal energy
in favor of having department under the
Federal Executive specially devoted to the IN
tcrests of labor and trade and known as the
Department of Industry. We think him right
in this, but the case is by no means so clear
as he deems it. Let us hear him:
ar has long been wonder that the people Of the United
Sstesthree fourths of whom are acnv"r~' ana no""'
q. the rec. sborers sohoud have had Secretaries
tsor and Of the Office but Secretary OF Agriculture
Manufactures. and Commerce France has her Minister Of
Agriculture Commerce and Public Works Italy, Of lnstruc
ton Commerce. and Public Works Spain, OF Progress Com
u.rcs Instruction and Public Works Prussia oil Commerce
and Industry, Ausr. of Commerce ard Public Economy;
and Great Britain her President Of the Board OF Trade But
except as subordinate bureausn appendsge OF the Patent
Office designed mainly % It would SEEM TO furnish members
Of Congress cuttings and s'rde'eed to distribute An'Ds
favored constituents and tee plants roses and other erocs
for their greenhouse. and pessu. soundhi. great nation
OF workers has had Department OF the Productive
Arts II has been constitutional to make and unmshe bsnE
.yeuces and subressures allow States II not to
emit bills Of credit at authorize corporations to do 1t
for them foreign teusry by purchase and oy con-
quest. In short to do anything except to preserve the
f q, the nation CT to promote the welfare OF the people
who toll" a.
The ready and obvious answer to this i'm
ports that we have no Ministry Of Industry in
our Executive Just as we have no Ministry oil
Rsligion--for the simple reason that we regard
Agriculture and Manufactures, like Religion
AZ outside of the proper scope of Government
or political concern-that We lack faith IN the
ability or natural tendency Of the Ministry OF
Industry to increase the product or perfect the
processes Of creative Labor. And It strikes US
as rather in point to urge that while France
has Ministry of Agriculture and Great Britain
none, the practical agriculture of Great Britain
is far more efficient and productive than that
Of FraDce-that tho progress OF nations in the
Useful Arts is by no meaas measured by tho
governmental attention bestowed thereon by
those nations respectively. We rather side
with Mr.. Holloway than against him; we obly
insist that be does not meet tbs arguments OF
his adversaries; aud that it is complete beg
gug of the question to assume a. he does that
to create Department Of Industry in the Gov.
eminent is in fact required 'to preserve the
lifs of the nation or to promote the welfare
Of the people who toll"
But the Commissioner, though he passes too
lightly over the views of the matter adverse to
hs own, gives full and fair answer to the
question:" What cen the Government do for
Industry in tho why you contemplate ?" Let
us give attention to his response:
"hakcd what there is for th, Minister of Industry to
do answer iroyk eoEgho snalyze soils classify climates.
introduce deeren. region, the best and appropriate
dc mesc animals grains grasses fruits and vegetables OBJ
nin.bs abroad encourage the use eveywbers
OF tho best tools and mprmcHs Of hasbsndy to promote
scientific surveys. to develop the vs,! mineral wealth OF the
country: to collect sa.stic, agricultural mechanical and
crois for tho OF Congress and the people
upon We are 90 purge ourselves from tie eanksr.
Of d calm icorid and long par" TIE false and bastard
atocrsey tina, pulled s up aid dreamed Of ompirr,ha,
longsd for es Of nobility and sighed for ths hated u.u
tions of kifss TO before the strong arms Of
Americas ermen Th, fair land Is 10 Do renovated Diver.
sfed porsi.s to be- muipc The whes, lands OF the
North ard cotton lands the South have been long robbed
their wealth under sy.teo trade Tas .A.uid be
longer Like tie lands o. Nowesey under lat, judi.
ou- culture they be restored and made better ind bel,
and ~ p,u,n ard limo do Million, OF acre, soi our
Southern coast and In the lower Mississippi delta
claimed and 90 produce under enlightened culture tie PIE
cous Sea lsstd cotton. nw.l rice and Tn,
southern ranges % the Cumberland and Allegheny mountains.
neglected. aud worthless. be covered ih
yards ard peach orchards aud aeoks Of neno sheep Ike
those Of Vermont and esten Prnnsylvans Tn, ouiys
ton Of cotton and srar instead OF beuE ed 10
extnded into the Middle States. by impori,ion, Of new
varieties Of plant, and by udeous selections Of the earliest
ripeuirr varieties FROM our held,
Woriles, breeds OF cst,c bs supplrltel by the
shouhon. o, rich pasture, the Devon. for the hill, the
harder choice varieties Of rave Cor the mountains,
that beef mix aud butter may abound All oshrr cs-s OF
domestic srils- many districts need euir, reuovatisu
The best agri cultural tools pIows drills 'espers mowers aud
threshcs everywhere 10 supc,edc the present rude i'm
pleuents of Inbuy district,
The vast deposits OF coal iron s,' gypsum limo and
marble Of Virginia Kentucky. Tennes,es aud Aabsrs a.
we'll the copper aud gold OF Fast Tennessee and North Car
Gins, TO be wrought, aud yield .hrr store. OF we.h
ae,oe' sud villages To spring up In those heaul and
genial cmes where their uhahau. can get Abundance. t