The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1862-12-02

is unable to agree with the governments
whose protection is demanded by the
claimants. There are, moreover, many
cases in which the United States, or their
citizens suffer from the naval or militia.
~ authorities OF other nations, which thu
government of these States are not a
once prepared to redress. have propo
sed to some of the foreign States inter
ested, mutual conventions to examine ant
adjust some complaints. This has beer
made repeatedly to Great Britain, France
Spain and Prussia In each case it ha
been kindly received, but not yet finally
adopted.
Applications have been made to me b,
many free Americans of African descen
to favor their emigration with view t
such colonization as was contemplated
in recent acts of Congress. Other par
ties at home and abroad, some from in
terested and other motives, have sugges
ted similar measures. Several of the
Spanish American Republics have pro.
tested against the sending of such colo.
nists 10 their respective territories. I'm.
der these circumstances l have declined
to move any such colony to any State
without first obtaining the con ent Of lis
Government, with an agreement on lis
part to receive and protect such emf
grants in all their rights as freemen.
| have at the same time offered TO the
several States situated in the tropics, or
having colonies there, to negotiate with
them, subject to the advice and consent
of the Senate, to favor the voluntary emf
grafton of persons of that class to their
territories, upon conditions which shall
be equally just and humane. Liberia
and Hayti are yet the only countries to
which colonists of African descent from
here could 60 with the certainty of be-
ing received and adopted as citizens, land
! regret to say that such persons eontem,
plating colonization do not seem so will
ling to emigrate to these countries as to
some others, not willing, as think their
interest demands. l believe, however,
that the opinion is improving, and thai,
ere long there will be augmented and
considerable emigration to both these
countries.
Our relations with European States re-
main undsturbed, and with the States of
our Continent our relations have improv-
ed, especially with Mexico, Costa Rica,
&C.
The President favors the project of
the Atlantic telegraph and extending the
Pacific line to connect with that being
extended across the Russian empire E;
thinks that the mineral resources of the
territories ought to be thoroughly devel-
oped as rapidly as possible. Every step
in that direction would have tendency
10 improve the revenues. 1t is worthy
Of serious consideration whether some
extraordinary measures TO promote that
end cannot be adopted. The means
which suggest itself as most likely to be
effective is a scientific exploration.
The vast expenditures incident to the
mIlary and naval opsrali,9anns rssarsd for
to been met with promptitude and cor.
diality, unusual in similar circumstan
ces, and the public credit has been fully
maintained.
The continuance oil the war, however.
and the increased disbursements made
necessary, demand your earliest attention
as TO The best mode OF providing the nee
essary revenue. The suspension Of spe-
Gle payment by the banks, made large
issues of u. S. notes unavoidable. In
no other way could the payment of the
troops and the satisfaction of other jus,
demands be SO economically or as well
provided for. 1t is extremely doubtful
whether a circulation of u s. notes, pay
able in currency, and sufficiently large
for the wants of the people, can be per.
manently useful and safely maintained,
nor is there any other mode in which
the necessary provision for the public
wants can be made, and the great ad-
vantage of a safe and uniform currency
secured.
know OF none which promises so cer-
tain results, and at the same time unob
jectionable, as the organization of bank.
ing associations under a general act o
Congress, we'll guarded in its provisions
To such associations the Government
might furnish circulating notes on the
security of United States bonds deposit
ed in the Treasury. These notes, pre-
pared under the supervision Of proper Of.
ticers. being uniform in appearance and
security, and convertible always into
coin, would at once protsc. labor agains,
| the evils OF a vicious currency, and IA.
cilita'e commerce by safe and cheap ex-
changes. A moderate reservation from
the interests on the bonds would com.
pensate the United States for the prepar-
alton and distribution OF the notes, and a
general supervision of the system, and
would tighten the burden of that part OF
tbs public debt employed as security
the public credit. moreover. would be
greatly improved, and the negotiation OF
the new loans greatly facilitated, by the
steady market demand for Govern
ment bonds, which the adoption of the
proposed system would create. 1t is an
additional recommendation of the meas
ure, Of considerable weight in my judg,
ment that it would reconcile, as far as
possible, all existing interests by the OPP
portunity of offering to existing instltu-
tons TO recognize under the act substi.