The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1862-07-25

Aiy oy ouA Pi1ocSoiCcu upol
US by an enemy that had passed year in Sc
cret preparations, had treacherously stripped
our arsenals Of their ordnance and munitions,
debauched half the officers Of the army and
the navy, and surprised our undefended forts
and armories,we have rescued from the fangs
of secession Maryland, Western Virginia,
kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri and Kansas,
half of Alabama ard Arkansas, and the whole
of Louisiana; recaptured the navy yards of
Norfolk and Pensacola and the principal
forts in the rebellious states, occupied the
most important military positions, establish
ed an efficient blockade along the entire
southern coast, restored the great line of
communication east and west, by the Balti-
more and Ohio railroad, swept the banks of
the Mississippi clear with the exception of
one single beleaguered spot, from Cairo to
its mouth, and planted the stars and stripes
at New Orleans. To offset these all import
ant successes and victories We have to regret
the drawn battle and panic of Bull Run; the
disaster of Balls Bluff, the destruction of the
Cumberland and Congress, well redeemed by
the heroic achievement of Lieutenant Wor-
den in the little Monitor, the repulse of
premature movement on Charleston, and the
recent check at Richmond. Let any one
compare the balance of successes and reyer-
ses with those of the Crimean war-of the
wars Of the Duke of Wellington in the Span
ish Peninsula-of the wars generally of the
French revolution and of our own revolu-
tionary struggle, and he will find that there
there is not in one of these great historical
contests, year crowned with equal success
es, on the part of the finally victorious
cause.
1t is true, fellow-citizens, that we have now
met with check where we had hoped that,
by this time, blow would have been struck
at the very heart of the rebellion, which, dis
solving that reign of terror that palsies the
Union sentiment Of the South, would have
speedily restored the authority of the consti-
tutioll in the reyolted states; for | greatly
differ from those who believe this unhalowed
conspiracy to be the work of the mass of the
southern people. prefer the authority OF
MIR Stephens, the vice-president of the south
err confederacy, who knew the authors of the
rebellion well, and who openly declared tia,
it was the work of disappointed aspirants to
office. They never dared-thev have not to
this day dared, in the greater part of the re-
volted states, to trust the question to a pop
ular vote. The Union sentiment of the
South has been and is crushed by reign Of
terror, as despotic and welded, doubt not
by as small number of arch conspirators, as
that of Danton, Marat and Robespiere. Ii
this there is nothing novel or hard to cred
it.
1t is necessary only to have the control of
small military organization, or even of {
well-guided mob, and peaceful millions arr
overawed into acquiescence, sometimes for
generation. Lord Macauley, speaking of tn,
, force by which General Monk restored tn,
Stuarts, says "the dread of that invinciblt
army was on all the inhabitants of the island
and the cavaliers, taugh: by one hundred dis
astrcus fields how little numbers can effec,
. against discipline, were even more com
pletely cowed than the Roundheads."
How large do you suppose that army was
: Of what "the dread was on all the inhabi
tants of England" which cowed alike tn
; high blood of the Cavalier and the sterl
spirit of the Puritan, and undid the work o
= twenty years, almost before Cromwell Wa
f cold in his grave? it was about five thousan,
$ men. AS Charles the Second came back
Y borne upon the shoulders of the elighte
t millions of his subjects, to the throne fror
0 which his father had been dragged to tn
{ block, he facetiously exclaimed that ''it mus
: have been his own fault that he had been al
e sent so long, for he saw nobody that did nc
!. protest that lie had ever wished for his IT
: turn"
0 How large was the tattered rabble from
e the Highlands, who two hundred years late
struck terror into the heart of England, wit
: whom, in the language of Lord Stanhop
e Charles Edward, if he had pushed up frol
S Derby to London, "would have gained tn
S British throne:?" Less than seven thousan
It half armed, half fed, half naked.
;, In the month of June, 1850, "for six day
d successively the cities of London and Wes
n minister according to the British Annu
;e Register,) were delivered up to the hands O
J. an unarmed and nameless mob, to be plul
N dered at its discretion" Houses were pi
IT laged, pulled down or burned the prisol
,r burst open and their inmates Gberated-thi
T. ty-six incendiary fires blazed at once.
" On the fifth of those dreadful days, l
,e Johnson, accompanied by the late Lord Sto,
g ell, yentured to the principal scene Of Il
m ravages. "On Wednesday, says Johnson,
y. walked with DR. Scott to look at Newga
g. and found it in ruins, with the fire still glo,
as ing. AS went by, the Protestants We
H. plundering the session house and the o
H. Bailey. There were not, believe,a hundre
but thew did their work at leisure, in full S
in curlty, without sentinels, as men Lawful
a employed in full day. Such is the cowar