Daily State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis, Ind.) 1861-1865, 1862-02-22

this kind. (which nevertheless ought not to be
entirely out Of sight, the common and continual
mischieis Of the spirit Of party. are sufficient 70
make Il the interest and duty Of a wise people to
discourage and restrain IT,
4 IL serves always to distract the Public Councils.
and eafeeble the Public Administra ton II agi
tates the Community with III founded jealous and
false alarms; kndles the animOsiiy of one part
against another. foments occasionally riot and in
surrection. IL opens the door TO foreign infu
eiee and corruption. which find facilitated &C,
cess % the Governments itself through the chan
nels OF party passions. Thus the policy and
the viii o: one country are subjected TO the policy
and will Of another.
There Is an opinion, that parties in free coun-
tries useful checks upon the administration of
the Gover'meut, and serve to keep alive the
spirit OF Liberty. This within certain limits is
probably true: and in Governments of "A mon
archical cast, Patriotism may look with indul
gence. II not with favor, upon the spirit of party.
But in those of the popular character, in Govern
ments purely elective. it is spirit not to be en-
couraged. From their natural tendency, il is
certain there will always be enough OF that spirit
for every salutary purpose. And, there being
constant danger of excess, the effort ought 20 be,
by force of public opinion. 10 mitigate and
suage il. A fire not to be quenched, il demands =
flame, lest. instead of warming, it should con
sumo.
1t is important, likewise. that the habits Of
thinking in a free country should inspire caution
in those intrusted with it administration, TO con
fine themselves within their respective constitu
tonal spheres, avoiding in the exercise of the
powers OF one department to encroach upon
another The spirit of encroachment tends to
consolidate the powers of all the departm, nts in
eminent a real despotism. just estimate OF
the love of power, and proneness TO abuse it,
which predomnates in the human heart, is suf-
cient To satisfy of the truth of this position.
The necessity of reciprocal checks in the exercise
of political power, by dividing and distributing it
into different Repositories, and constituting each
the Guardian of the Public Veal against inya-
siOns by the others, has been evinced by expert
ments ancient and modern; some OF them IN our
oxn cOnntry ami under our own eyes. 10 preserve
them must be necessary to institute them.
Ii, in the opinion OF the people, the distribution
or modification of the constitutional powers be
in any particular wrong, let it be corrected by an
amendment, in the way which the constitution
desgnates. But let there be 10 change b Y usurpl-
ton; for, though this, III one instance, may be
the instrument of good, it is the customary
weapon by which free Co ernments are destroyed.
The precedent must always greatly Overbalnnce
in permanent evil any partial or transienl benefit,
which the use can at any time yield.
Oh all the dispositions and habits which lead
TO political prosperity Religion and Morality are
Indispensable supports In vain would that man
claim the tribute OF Patriotism, VINO should labor
To subvert these great pillars OF human happi-
ness, these hrmeSt props of the duties of Men
and Citizens. The mere Politician, equally with
the pous mar, ought to respect and cherish them.
\ volume could not trace all their connexions
with private and public felicity. Let il simply be
asked, Where is the security for property, for
reputation, for life, if the of religious obi
CATION desert the oaths, which are the instru
ments of investigation in Courts of Justice
And let US with caution indulge the supposition,
that morality can be maintained wi .hout religion.
Whatever may be conceded to the influence of
refined education on minds of peculiar structure,
reason and experience both forbid us to expect
that natural morality can prevail III exclusion OF
religious preciple.
1t is substantially true, that virtue or morality
Is a necessary spring of popular government
The rule, indeed, extends with more or less force
to every species of free government Who. that
Is sincere friend to it, can look with indifer-
ence upon attempts to shake the foundation of
the fabricy
Promote, then, an object of primary i'm
portance, institutions for the general diffusion of
knowledge In proportion as the structure OF
government gives force to public opinion, it is
essential that public opinion should be enligt-
ened.
As very important source of strength and
security, cherish public credit. One method of
preserving 1t i, TO use it sparingly possible
avoiding occasions of expense by cutiyating
peace, but remembering also that timely dis
bursemcnts to prepare for danger frequently pre-
vent much greater disbursements to repe it;
avoiding likewise the accumulation of debt, not
only 10y stunning occasions of expense, but by
vigorous exertiOns in time of peace to discharge
the debts. which unavoidable wars may have
occasioned, not ungenerously throwing upon
pOsterity the burthen, which we ourselves
ought to bear. The execution of these max
inns belongs to your representatives but it Is nee
essary that public opinion should cooperate. To
facilitate to them the performance of their duty
1t Is essential that YOU should practically bear in
mind, that towards the payment of debts there
must be Revenue; that to have Revenue there
must be taxes; that 10 taxes can be devised
which are not more or less announcement and un-
pleasant; that the intrinsic embarrassment, nsepa-
rabIe from the selection of the proper objects
(Which is always choice of difficulties ought
To be a decisive motive for a candid construction
OF the conduct of the government in making it
and for spirit of acquiescence in the measures
tor obtaining revenue, which the public eXigen
ces may at any time dictate.
Observe good faith and Justice towards all Ma
tons; cultivate peace and harmony with all. Re
ligion and Morality enjon this conduct; and car
1t be, that good policy does not equally enoin 1T
1t will be worthy of Il free, enlightened, and, al
no distant period, great Nation, TO give to man
kind the magnanimous and too nOvel example oil
people always guided by an exalted justice anG
beneyOieuce. Who can doubt, but, In the course
OF time and things, the fruits OF such plan would
richly repay any temporary advantages, which
might De lost by steady adherence TO itI Can
il be. that providence has not connected the per
manent felicity of y alton with its Virtue! The
experiment, AT least, is recommended by every
sentiment which ennObles human nature. Alas
is 1t rendered impossible by its vices!
In the execution of such u plan, nothing j:
more essential, than that permanent, mveterat,
antpathIes agant particular Nations, and passion
a.e attachments for others, should be excluded
and that in place OF them, just and amcablo
feelings towards all should be cultivated. Tn,
Nation, which INDUCES towards another an habit
ual hatred, or an habitual iondness, Is in som,
degree q slave. Ii Is slave to it, animOSity OF
TO lis affection either of which Is sufficient 10 eaC
itastray from it, duty and it, interest Antipa
thy in one nation against another disposes eacl
more readily 10 ofer insult and injury to la,
hold OF slight causes of umbrage and to he haugh
" and iutiactable, when accidental OF trIfng &C
cAsiuns OF dispute occur. Hence frequent coils
ions. obstinate. envenOmed, and bloody contests
The Nation, prompted 10y ill-will and resentmen
sometimes imYeis to war the Government con
trary 10 the Test calculations of policy. 1h'
Government sometimes participates IN the nation