Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1862-01-07

8,66I, o. thrsefold that Of 1902. =
1soO, under . new principle ofssssssnenf
the valuation vas S48s, 966. $40, or three.
fold that Of 1870. In 1860 the aRzrsrafs
value Of property was Sss8, 800. 5OI, Or
double that Of 1850. The annual iners-
ment Of wealth from 1902 10 1910. am
posing the Assessment to be q fair stand
ard OF comparison, Was but two milliopa-
but from ls4O 70 1855, It was thirty NIL.
lionsi and from 1850 70 1850, It vas foflv-
four millions. 1.-THE next ten years should
be attended By no more adverse oiroun-
stances than those which are past. the
wealth Of Ohio will be increased ct least
four hundred millions at the end Of that
period, making due allowances for dimia-
ished immigration and extent Of new lands
to be cultivated
The present value Of property In Ohio,
4 II Wo take into view the large amount
which escapes assessment and the small
value placed upon animals and other
species Of personal property, cannot be ss-
umated ct less than thousand millioBsof
dollars, or twenty-five fold that Of 1902.
That this Is very nearly correct, We have
another prsof in the fact, that he value
OF exported products made from the mate
ri8ls and labor Of Ohio. amounts 70 sixty
the people have not only exported that
amount, but have received also nearly sll
their food, much Of their clothing and
comfortable homes, from lands and labor,
which do not enter into exports, il viii not
be difficult to see, that the capital which,
united with labor, has produced these re-
Suits must be fully equal to the estimate.
The accumulation Of this wealth, as The
~ kha 4 III
years, is one Of the most extraordinary
facts in the grOWth Of the United States.
In 1880, but three States exceeded in
value the State Of Ohio, and New York
alone, the present value Of Ohio. virginia
was more than one hundred and fifty years
older than 0hio. Il had one-thiFd more
surface, had abundant mines Of coal ard
Iron, and communicated with the ocean By
the finest rivers and harbors. Yet, after
assessing one-third Of her population a.
property, the whole value fell one hun.
dred millions short Of that Of Ohio. II the
future political economist shall search for
an illustration Of the superior value Of free
institutions, he viii search in vain for one
more effective.
After thus surveying our national
growth, We must at last return 70 social
influences and social results, ss the true
tests Of what our Institutions have sccon-
plished. In the midst Of their material
prosperity, are the people happy, comfort
able and enlightened In the absence OF
any positive test Of the internal state Of
society, We must resort 70 such elements
OF morals, education and religion, ss N ali
civilized states are admitted to be the cut
ward signs Of social condition.
The principle Of an universal public ed
ueation was embraced in All the laws and
ordinances organising the Institutions Of
the State. The United States granted
lands, the State adopted the principle In
her Constitution, and for half century
various laws have been enacted, and taxes
laid 10 carry out fully the original intsn-
ton, that the whole people should be edu-
Gated. To do this, however, required not
merely laws snd money, but q social ex-
Perienoe, and adaptation Of means Ehich
could only be the growth Of time. After
many difficulties, and the lapse Of many
years, It has been accomplished, and our
school system, if not perfect is certainly
giving an elementary education to the
people: tits not merely the growth Of num-
bers, but the growth Of g system, whose
comprehensive benefits and influences en-.
brace the whole people
The Increase in the extent and spplics-
ton Of public education to the peopls may
be estimated from the following proper
tions, between the population at given
periods, and the number attending ali the
places Of education
In !sS9 -254sl2, 1spr. Ct ofpOpuIation in school.
u 1919. .357 COS. Is 81
Ia 1859. 600 034. 20
Thus We find the proportion of those ed
uoated doubling in twenty years; and If
We refer 10 the scale Of studies, the intro
duotion Of High Schools, and the general
advancement Of pupils, We shall hnd that
the advance in the quality and value Of
education is fully equal to that in the num-
Der Of the instructed. There are nov over
100000 pupils in all the places Of public
education. Over one-fourth the entire
population in the midst Of growth are
seeking the moral and intellectual advance
ment which educstion confsTs; and in this
fact lies the sure foundation Of social sta
bility and prosperity.
Referring to the outward organization
Of religion, We find there are i've thousand
two hundred and Fifty church buildings,
being one to each four hundred and sixty
persons. These embrace every variety Of
Christian profession, ell secured BY eur
each Jealous in carrying forward its own
view.
In estimating the morals Of soeisty We
have social tests, in the number ID shsr-
scter Of crimes, in the number Of violent
deaths, and in the number Of marriages
| While We eannct estimate the amount OF
vice existing beyond the reach Of the Law,
/ these exterior tests afford q means Of com
parison between different communities.
/ The facts connected with this subject have
been for several years reported BY The
/ Commissioners Of Statistics, and may be
briefly stated
The average number Of indictments for
/ crimes in Ohio, for four yesrs ending 1851,
vas 8, 400 Of Fhish ons-half we're statu-
tory offenses, and the residue crimes
| against persons OF property. The proper
tion Of crimes is about the sane ss in
Great Britain, but the proportion against
property is much less.
The average number Of deaths By Vio-
lsnoe in Ohio is i've hundred, or one in
forty. seven hundred. The average NUM-
Der in Prussia Is one In eighteen hundred
and seventy three. Grimes Of violence
seem, therefore, to be much less frequent
here than on the continent Of Europe.
The number Of marriages in Ohio varies
but little from one in one hundred; IN
Prussia, one in one hundred and ten. But
the proportion in Germany is probably
greater than in France or England. Ilie-
gitimaoy and infanGoide, though frequent
in dsnsely populated countries, are com
psrsdvely ia-e here.
Reviewing these external tests Of social
morality, We End that, while social evils Of
great msgnituds exist among the most CIV
liked states, our own proportion Is less than
in older countries, and sufficiently moder-
ate to prove that the existence Of sxtraor-
binary freedom has not given rise TO ex.
fraordinsrV viee. The statistics Of the