davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Smoky Hill and Republican union. [volume] (Junction City, Kan.) 1861-1864, 1862-02-20
horticultural Column,
THE UNSEEN INFLUENCE

Hon. J. R. Williams, Of Michigan,
in his Agricultural Address at the New
York State Fair at Syracuse, related
these anecdotes 81 met man last
year, who exultingly declared that there
was but one way TO hoe, but one way to
pillow, but one way to harvest, and books
and schools were therefore futile. If
there is but one way to farm it, that is
a very poor way which affords an aver
age crop Of less than eleven bushels Of
wheat per acre, over such country as
We possess.
The same friend called my attention
to Pennsylvania German, who could
hardly read and write, and had a great
contempt for books and papers On farm
ing, but was the best faT1Gss in the
neighborhood. / told hin that | thought
this basket woulG net hold water, :.Ed
that this model farmer owed everything
to the spirit Of improvement abroad.
His plow was q Troy piow, instead Of
the old shaky implement, with wooden
mold boards sheathed With iron, With
straight handles tipped with COWS horns,
which he used when boy. His nipple
ments were mostly light, graceful, oias-
tic ones, CT recent patterns. His fruit
was budded and grated from such as
his neighbors had imported from the
best nurseries. Whatever superior cat
tie, or sheep, or swine he had, were OBJ
tanned from neighbors at no extra cost.
The nails ne shingled his house with
cost bu5 one-third as much as those
which his father used.
When he got up in the morning, lie
Lighted the fire in second with q fric-
ton match, instead of tagging ten
minutes with Hint and steel and finder
box, and he complacently composed
himself to sleep at night under sheeting
that cost eight cents per gard, as goou
as that which cost fifty cents when he
was child. The story is told Of Plato,
that having described man to be biped
without feathers, Diogenes, the cyn;c,
laid a pluckod rooster before him and
exclaimed, Behold Plato's man!!' IT,
our model farmer was deprived OF all
the benefits he had derived from that
progress which he despised, il he vas
stripped OF all borrowed plumes, he
would be as innocent Of feathers as
Plato's man.
The Smoky Hill and Republican union. [volume] (Junction City, Kan.) 1861-1864, 1862-02-20
Administrators Notice

NOTICE is hereby given that the undersigned
~ was appointed by John E. Ross, Probate
Judge of Davis County, Kansas, Administrator
# the estate of Joseph Rulo, deceased, dated
January 10th, 1862. All persons indebted to
he said estate are requested to make immc-
nate settlement OF the same; and all persons
having claims against said estate, are required
70 exhibit them to the Administrator TO be
allowed within one year after the date of the
letters, or they may be preeluded from any
benefit of said estate; and if such claims are
not exhibited within three years from the date
o. these letters, they will be forever debarred.
FRED F. MARVIN
Administrator Of the estate of Joseph Rulo,
deceased. n,5st
The Smoky Hill and Republican union. [volume] (Junction City, Kan.) 1861-1864, 1862-02-20

THE SMOKY HILL AND REPUBLICAN
u N T O N
A Weekly Family Newspaper, devoted to the
RESr INTERESTS OF
WESTERN KANSAS.
The Publishers of the UNION, being DESTROYS
of extending its circulation throughout the
western portion of the State. calls upon all
friends CT
GOOD SOUND UNION PAPER
in Davis, Dickinson, Salina, Ottumwa, Morris,
Clay, Riley, Pouawattomie and Wabaunsee TO
assis. them in so doing.
The establishment Of q newspaper, in times
like these, in a new country, is, IF course, at
tended with many embarrassmenis, and were
We not assured that the wants of the people
and the material interests of this fair portion
Of our State actually required medium through
which to make known the many advantages We
possess over ether sections, and to attract hith-
er the many thousand people who are constant
have relinquished the enterprise long since.
The Smoky Hill and Republican union. [volume] (Junction City, Kan.) 1861-1864, 1862-02-20

and weeds that have sprung up along
the row. This done, the horse imple-
ment may be put in, and in place Of the
small, single mould plows that are used
in all Southern fields, the improved two
horse corn cultivator can doubtless be
used to great advantage. Frequent
workings during the season hasten the
growth and maturity of the plant
Clean cultivation should be the invari-
able rule; the earth should be thrown
up to the plants little at each working,
unless it be the last one. Ii favora-
bic season, from the middle Of August to
September, the bolls will begin to open
when the operation OF
Picking commences. This has yet
to be done by hand, as no machinery
has been adopted to lessen the labor or
accomplish more than can be done by
the human hand. A bag is thrown over
the shoulder and the bolls are rapidly
transferred to it. Full grown field
hands will sometimes pick from 200 to
800 pounds-perhaps averaging 100
pounds per day, including children en-
ployed. When picked in this way it is
called seed cotton, and contains, imbed-
ded 10 the lint, the seeds, which form
about two thirds OF the welg ht Of the
whole mass. This is then transferred
to the Clubhouse, where the separation
takes place.
Preparing for Market.-lt is
pressed III bales Of four hundred pounds
each, in which shape it finds its way to
the eastern factories. II to be shipped
to eastern countries it is compressed to
occupy about half the size in which it
leaves the plantation, enabling much
more to be slowed in holds Of vessels,
very much lessening the freight.
Diseases, G'c.-The cotton plant is
liable to be attacked by various insects,
in its different stages CT growth, which
we cannot in this article describe, but
will in another one .
The Smoky Hill and Republican union. [volume] (Junction City, Kan.) 1861-1864, 1862-02-20
- ~-s->---
CULTIVATION OF CoTTCN.

The following in regard to the plant
ing and cultivation Of Gotten, we take
from the Prairie Faruser. As Hall
OF the City Drug Store is getting Up a
club OF subscribers to the Talyey Far
mser, which offers to furnish two quarts
Of upland cotton seed free to each sub
scriber, we give this for their benefit:
Preparation Of Ground The
usual method OF planting cotton is the
ridge plan, in order to free the roots of
the plant from any standing water that
might accumulate from rains, &c.
Were the ground underdrained this
would not be as necessary. The ground
should be plowed deep and thoroughly
pulverized, and if it could be fall blow
ed all the better. In the spring throw
into ridges three feet apart, by turning
two burrows towards each other.
Planting This is done IN various
ways-the principal one in the South is
to open the top Of this ridge with tool
called the opener, which would CORES
pond with small pillow here. Into this
opening, the hands scatter the seed, and
by little practice succeed in distribu-
ting 1t very evenly, but considerably
thicker than it is designed to remain.
SO 1t may be thinned out, insuring a
good stand. The character OF the up
land cotton seed is such as to make it
dlfhcult to drop it from any ordinary
machinery, the cottony coating causing
1t to adhere together. TIE NEST ap-
proved implement, we believe, in use,
is one where the seeding apparatus is
composed Of two disks placed on shaft,
with their insides towards each other,
and their edges coming nearly together,
leaving space fer the seed to be thrown
out as it revolves, the seed being placed
within the two disks, in moving over the |
ridge drops out, the quantity beng gov
ernd by the width they are set apart. |
Too much haste should not be made to |
get the seed in the. ground before it is
thoroughly prepared and we'll warmed |
up. Experience III OUT own State Till. |
has shown that If good seed is planted
IN good, well prepared ground, by the
middle OF May, We may be sure Of OBJ
tanning good picking. The plants
from such planting are more sure of a
strong, rapid growth, and VIII be much
less likely to be attacked by the aphis,
which is very apt to trouble late iand
unhealthy plants.
Great care should be taken in cover
ing..the seed with finely pulverised earth,
as it iIsu es closer contact with the seed
and insures an early termination. III
all things are favorable, the. plant will
appear above the ground in from eight
10 ten days. Then commences the
Culttration.-The first operation,
,alled scraping, is usually done by hand
noes; going over the field and thinning
'ut the plants, removing the poorest 9
md weakest, and cutting out the grass '
The Smoky Hill and Republican union. [volume] (Junction City, Kan.) 1861-1864, 1862-02-20
ABOUT SORGnJM.
The plant does we'll unon any

uc .)iduL uoco Well upOH any SoCu
corn land, and the expense Of cultiyating
the two crops, aside from the cost of
the seed, which is inconsiderable, is the
same. A rather light soil-sandy loan
other things being equal, produces
juice OF the greatest richness. In re-
gard to seed, it is Of the utmost impor-
lance to have the pure Chinese Sugar
Cane. The Impbee is three weeks
later, and produces syrup Of by no
means so good quality, and less in
quantity. The ad1nixture Of broom
corn seed is not infrequent, and is fatal
to good crop, there being little Or no
sweetness in the stalks. Sorghum may
be planted in hills three feet and half
apart each way, or in drills the same
distance apart-the plants standing
singiy eighteen inches to two feet apart,
and tie suckers allowed to grow. If
planted in hills, five stalks are left in
each, and the suckers thoroughly re-
moved. We decidedly prefer planting in
drills, and think that this has much to
do wirh tie good results Of the crop.
The seed should be planted as early as
the ground can be prepared, and is fit
for its reception-earlier than corn.
The practice of neighbor is to sow in
an early seed bed, and transplant to the
field, setting the plants two feet apart
in rows, and the rows three feet and a
hall to four feet apart. This mans
syrup chrystalized so readily that he was
obliged to make it all into sugar, and
was unable to take even a sample
Of his molasses to the county fair. 1t
is .he largest, best grown and best ma
tured stalks that yield the most and
best syrup. Some juice yields seven.
teen per cent. Of good thick syrup, and
others only ten per cent.
The crop is treated like corn until it
begins to Iipen, which may be known
BY the cane turning yellow upon the
joints towards the butts, and by the
blackness Of the seeds. At this period
it should be ''bladed - or stripped Of
its leaves, to facilitate perfect ripening.
TO effect the blading, take a hickory
stick, one and half to two inches in
diameter, and three feet long, slip on |
ring, or bind it strongly within fourteen
inches Of the end; split this end in the
middle, and spread the ends two inches
apart, by e wedge in the split. This
saves great amount Of labor, single
blow usually blading stalk, and often
more than one, perfectly. The blades
thus removed are considered equal to
corn fodder, not having been touched
BY the frost, and are easily cured.
The bladed stalks stand after this two
weeks or more, unless danger Of frost
makes it necessary to cut them sooner.
Freezing is ruinous to the cane, giving
/ peculiar flavor to the syrup, and caus-
ng fermentation in the cane itself, un-
ess pressed Immediately. 1t must,
therefore, be cut before any hard frosts,
hough light frosts, which whittier the
caves do not hurt.-.7merican .4gri-
1lIfuriSf.
The Smoky Hill and Republican union. [volume] (Junction City, Kan.) 1861-1864, 1862-02-20

All kinds Of Lumber for building and
other purposes, at my mill in Sc. George.
Pottawattomie county, Kansas.
GOTLIEB SCHURR,.
The Smoky Hill and Republican union. [volume] (Junction City, Kan.) 1861-1864, 1862-02-20

HARPER'S WEEKLY.
\ FIRST CLASS ILLUSTRATED PAPER
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TERMS OF HARPER's WEEKLY,
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iwenty five copies for one year, 800
An extra copy will be allowed for every club
Of twelve or twenty five subscribers
Ilarper's Magazine and uarper's Weekly,
together, one year, $500.
Terms for adver,ising-Fifty cents line.
liberal discount will be made to those
wishing to advertise for three months or more.
HARPER BROTHERS, Publishers.
Franklin Square, New York
The Smoky Hill and Republican union. [volume] (Junction City, Kan.) 1861-1864, 1862-02-20
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The Smoky Hill and Republican union. [volume] (Junction City, Kan.) 1861-1864, 1862-02-20

WOOD & MACKEY,
BLA CK AND WHITE SMITHS
Junction City, Kansas.
HAVING CARRIED Oh THE BUSINESS
IL for several years in BOSTON. and having
had many years. experience in Carriage man
ufacturies and shseing shops and also large
experience on breaking plows would announce
to the surrounding country that he is now
fully prepared to 20 al kinds of work, such as
HORSE.SHOElNG, IRONING WAGONS
BUGGIES AND SUAlS. FORGING
OF MACHINERY. EITHER
BY DRAUGIIr OR PAT
TERN, FOR CORN.
FIGURING, OR SAW-MILLS,
Oh the shortest possible notice.
All work warranted, and done on the most
reasonable terms. Produce taken as payment.
Gunsmithing.
In view Of the uncertainty Of horse.fesh,
md also of the fact that Ipjuns and Seces-
-iOnis:s abound in our midst, it would be
useless for ne to urge upon the settlers the
Importance of having their Old shot guns and
muslets, &C., made - bran new" l therefore
announce that particular attention will be paid
20 the repairing of all manner Of FIREARMS
LOCKS OF all kinds repaired, and Keys
fitted.
The Smoky Hill and Republican union. [volume] (Junction City, Kan.) 1861-1864, 1862-02-20

TO MAIL CONTRA
7 PROPOSE TO ESTABLISH A STATION
at ABILENE. twenty five miles west Of juno
ton CRY, and furnish stables, lots, SC, free of
charge, to any person or persons who may
receive the mail contract west Of Junction City
TO either Salina. Denver, or Santa Pc.
CHAS. II. THOMPSON.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1862-07-16
A Change of Policy &.

According to the Republican journals, th'
Administration has been pursuing very tender
lax and unwise policy in the conduct OF the war
But according to the same authority. there Is t'
be great change. Rose-water" is to b'
abandoned and aquafortis administered.
The Cleveland LEADER Of Monday morning
headed jublant article on the passage Of thu
Confscation bill with "The Break Of Day u
The Journal Of this city has been satisfied fol
long time that there was to be change o
policy In the conduct Of the war, and ii Is now
confirmed In that opinion. Il lie now insinusted
by come Republican papers and openly declared
by others, that the President, the Cabinet and
Congress have for fifteen months past, or ever
since the war broke out, been pursuing an utter
ly weak and inefficient course toward the re-
bellion. We don't abuse the Government In
this way; 1t ia privilege we willingly concede
to the Republicans.
But we are told change has come, and the
Administration and Congress are waking up
They have been touched, not with the spear Of
Ithuriel, but with the red hot poker of Abolition
In the hands Of CHARLES SUMNER and HoRAcE
GREELEY. So We learn from the Journal that
the clouds which have lowered over our political
horizon are clearing up, and fair weather may
be expected. And the fsirest promises are made
shat the beams Of peace will speedily gladden.
the hearts OF our countryDen.
Ne one will more heartily rejoice than we If
these brilliant promises should be realized in the
cessation of this sanguinsry conflict, In the
restoration of the Union and the return Of our
former peace and prosperity. But ho" this is
TO be done by conHscatiDg property, emaucipa-
ting and arming slaves, dividing aud annihils-
ting the old States, and thus really breaking up
the Onion, we do not clearly understand. But
perhaps this is owing to certain old preiudices
which we have inherited by too close study Of
the writings Of such old fogies as JEFFERSON
MADISON, WEBsTER, and others Of byg'ne age
TO the neglect of the great lights Of modern
RepubIicansm. We must, therefore, await the
developments of the new policy that is so speed
lily to save the Union and bring things all right
again, with all the patience and equanimity vel
can command.
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1862-07-16
senator Wright,s Resolution 20 Elk
pol NlmmOnHs


The following Is theresolutlon offered by Mr.
WRleHT, of Indiana, for the expulsion Of SIX
MONS, the corrupt speculatlng Senator Of Rhode
Island:
WHEREAS, BY report made to the Senate Of
the United States, by the Secretary OF War, the
Hon. e. M. Stanton, bearing date June 81,
1869, IL appears that the Senator from the State
OF Rhode Island, James r. Simmons, gave and
exercised bis official Influence over certain OF
the heads Of the Department. of our Govern
ment In procuring for one G. D. SchubArth, In
behalf Of the Government, to manufacture TOR
the use of the army and navy fifty thousand
eech-loadiDg rifles; and further, that the said
Senator did agree to receive as compensation
for services rendered In such procurement the
sum of $4,000, and did subsequently accept
two several promlssory notes from certain par.
ties In Ne1 York, one payable In August and
one In September next, both amounting to ten
thousand dollars, In payment for procuring said
order: therefore,
Resolved, That the said James F. Simmons
be, and is hereby, expelled from the seat he
holds In this Senate.
The truth must, however, be told. This res
olution is not likely to pass. Senators seem "a
fear that it would be On unwhoesome and
troublesome precedent
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1862-07-16

Enron STATEsMAE: / was glad to see In the
StatcsmaR Of yesterday call signed BY some
hundreds for meeting on the west side of the
State House, "fOr the purpose Of agreeing upon
some plan BY which avery citizen can contribute
bis share toward furnishing the full quota Of re-
oruits called for from Franklin county" y
The true way 70 furnish the full quota, is for
about twothirds Of those signing that paper to
enroll themselves on the military rolls. There
are some who are too old, but notice large
numbss Of young, able-bodied men, who have
no wives or families, also many yOung married
men---some who have no CHILDREN, and those
Who have are men Of property, who, II they get
killed or die in the service, will leave enough
to support their families, and protect them from
being dependent upon the cold charities Of the
world. Itis very patriotic! to sign these calls
for meetings Of this kind, but II would ahos de-
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1862-07-16
DlaIoYaltY.

Much is said in these days about disloya'sy
to tho Government There is no disloyalsy TO
the Government, State or National, In this
country, excep. In disObedience to the Conssitu'
tlOn and laws cOns,itutiOually enacted But
there is one speces of disloyalty or disobedienoe
TO the General Government about which htsle
Is said, but which ls just as reprehenaiole ana
should be visited with as severe punishment ~
any other. II arises 10 this way:
In the formation of our present Federal ana
N Natlopal Government, while the individual
States saw and acknowledged the necessity for
Federal and National Union, they were not
disposed Massachusetts was as strenuous on
this point as South Carolina) to surrender their
State authority one whit beyond what was ab-
solutely necessary to form end maintain Fed
eral and National Union.
No State, or rather the majority OF the people
In no State, desired an empire or consolidated
government, but the whole intention OF the
framers of the Constitution of the United States,
and Of the States and the people in adopting it.
was to leave the State Governments just as free
and sovereign as they were before, save that by
the concession Of certain powers they Intended
to form and did form Union or a General Gov
ernmen. Of limited and defined powers. This
they finally accomplished BY means of certain
compromises; 1t could have been done In no
other way. Hence in the language OF Mr.
NosLE, Of Ohio, In speech in Congress on the
9Th Of June last:
"Apy attempt to violate these compromises
as found In the terms and provisions Of the
Constitution, is DI.LoYALTY to the Government
and leads directly to its dissolution; whether
such attempt be on the part Of one portion ol
the Union to secede from the other portion, oI
whether It be found in an attempt to violate
the plain provisions of the Consultation In az
effort on the part Of the Federal GoverDmenttc
legislate upon subjects reserved to the stssea''
Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1862-07-16
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