The New York herald., 1862-01-04
Hiram Fuller. the Famous New York
Editor. I'm EnElQnd.

from the London Post (govcrnmen organ), Dec. 20l
Yesterday evening Colonel Fuller delivered an address
in St James Hall on the subject of the civil
America. Although the capacious hall was far from
filled, there was rnher largo audience, amongst whom
there OF the most distinguished Americans a
present residing in this country. The chair was occr
pied by Dr. Charles Mackay who briefly introduced the
lecturer colonel in the American army and formerly
editor Of the New York Mirror.
Colonel Fuller after fow Introductory remarks said
that when coming to the consideration Of the fratr
cda which now ragged in America, he avowed him
self follower OF Webster the great admrer Of the
Union he should not be accused Of too great procyy
to secession In discussing this subject on which men
with facts without obtrudng opn, ms or hazardng pre-
dictons He well aware that he the risk Of CIV
ing sectional offence In speaking on question which
twenty millions the one side and ten millions the
other dsputing at the point of the bayonet and
which rendered every drawing room forum and every
barroom battle field The South asserted right which
the North deniedhe right Of secession On that he had
little TO say-it was question on which the greatest
Statesmen differed u enough 70 say that the South
had religious belief in II and most assuredy they bad
proved their faith by their acts The causes of dsunon
extended for back reaching even beyond the foundation
of the government In the first place tho American sys
TEN was an incongruous system. The universe itself
could remain entire with two supreme powers at the
head and how could America with her seventy four
vereigntes? The first moent Of the practical assertion
OF the right claimed by the South the taking Of Fort
Sumter the harbor Of Charleston, and the voluntary
union was dissolved whilst the doctrine coercion
proclaimed at Washington and that doctrine
preached by federal cannon and federal bayonsts
The OF secession dated far beyond tho union Of the
government laid down In the cabin Of tho Mayfower,
and signed by thirty one fugitive Pilgrims. The North
was settled by the Pritans tho South by the Cavaors
and in this radical fact lay the seeds or
nsm Next to the primary differences of religion and
education the difference caused by climate and
patton. In tho North men worked for q living and
schemed for future, and TO such employment natu-
raj. In the South, labor, which WAS seldom luxury
became less necessity. Manual labor was there not
only irksome but degrading and thus while the North
the majority paid the penalty OF man disobedience
earning their bread by the sweat OF their brow in the
South they earned their bread by the Of their ne
gross Another cause was their widely different lessla
tive policy The North sought for the protection of her
manufacturing interest, the South was for free trade
for open markets with all the werld. This rather
financial difficulty and in every Congress were found
tariff and anti tari men fighting for their pockets
He would now come 70 the direct and i'm
mediate of the American disunion, and he pro-
nounced II In one word-abotionism. Abolitionism
caused the war-secessionism preciptated it, The pc.
cuiar form Of abolitionism political, not social
was the free soil party, and not the phanthropists Of
Boston Exeter Hall, which had driven secession.
Tho free soil party was opposed to the admission Of
slave States not on moral grounds, but because every
State added two members 10 the Senate who acted
check the laws enacted for the ACCOMPLISHMENT of
tho Northern manufacturers. Sentimental abolitionism
had very few advocates in Congress and none in the
Cabinet. South Carolina wanted the manufactures of
France and England duty free and desired to pay
York on its way to Manchester. Slavery was too great
question TO be fppaaty disposed Of at Exeter Hall
be wiped away 6y those who shed tears over the
sible Little Topsys" Slavery had existed in some
form other The South pronted by and retained H.
The negro who could sleep the black snake beneath the
burning rays OF tropical could alone work pronta.
bly, in the sugar fields OF the South But "slavefy,
said the phian,hropists Of the North, ais grievous
wrong and being implicated in IL consttutionay we will
roo, II out" So they waged fratricda that four
millions Of Africans might be set at liberty work wan.
der steal or lie could testify that a happier
healthier better fed or more lightly tasked class OF Ia
borers than the slaves he had either Erope
or America. The master who III treated his slaves was
everywhere detssicd and avoided, snt the women
who did sent n Coventry and yet tho Christians
Of the North refused TO hold Fellowship with the slave
holder Antsgnnlsm rivened into hatred and the result
open war The malignant antislavefy policy Of the
North became organic when Mr. Lincoln elected Pre-
sidot who declared that he States must be all free
all slave States From the moment of his election 10
the Presidency secession forogone conclusion av.
ing drawn vivid picture Of the OF popular feeling
the North and south after the taking OF Fort Sumter
the lecturer proceeded 10 say that from that moment he
had heard from In the South single
word In favor Of reunion. On the other hama, they
showed Spartan determination 10 spend Keir last dollar
and 10 shed theK last drop Of blood resist and
even the stripped themselves q their Jewels 10
equip the army Of their defenders The Southern army
composed OF all classes. In regiments II was
unusual 10 see three generations grandfather father
and son OF the oldest families and perhaps no army
educated and wealthy gentlemen Men ike these went
into battle AZ X they were entering on single combat
and perhaps no ruer conception Of the state Of feeling
in the " nth could be gained than from the words nhe
spirit OF resistance In up TO duclling point.v Women
and bishops enlisted in the cause and even
the slaves asked permission Of their masters TO 90 ana
fight the Yankee abolioniss The Southern States con
OF seven states with territory OF 10000 square
miles. All hope Of reconciliation had passed away Sec
ton was arrayed against section father against son
brother against brother There Irish French and
German reg ments in the North and there were Irish
French and German regiments In the South. II was no
question Il race, blood religion that divided them
Let h m refer TO the elements OF the different ar
m es. IN the North there q manufacturing aud
a trading people; the South was peculiarly ogricul.
tura In Consequence OF emigration the population OF
the North embraced every natitn, tribe and people.
There were the swarms of convics paurers and reg
~ es and the the right of free suffrage gave power
which daugorD element in the State tnrestrct.
ed suffrage was The fallacy When Pontus PLATE gave
The franz h.so 10 The sJps fLey eecad Parahbaa ana