Washington telegraph. [volume] (Washington, Ark.) 1839-1871, 1862-09-03

tectlOnlst.
The great majority of Southern people
always cOntended that either policy was
contrary to the spirit, if not the letter
the constitution that duties: should be
resorted to only for the purpose Of rails
Ing the smallest amount OF revenue nee
essary, ia oraer to pay the debts, support
such armies and navies as were required
for public defence, aud support the civil
departments of government: and that
where means already existed, only such
revenue was necessary as might be r, quir-
ed to make up the deficiency. In our
constitution the clause is altered at cor
dinghy, aud the Congress authorized ':tc
lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, aud
excuses, .f1r reUenue necessary to pay tie
debts, provide for the common defence
and curry on the government N n z
OaHei States" This d sposes Of the
question Of tart for the direct object
of protection, and removes all the Olsen
rity which hung over the phrase concern
ing the general welfare, which is wh1l!y
excluded. The same clause proceeds:
"But np nnties shall ba granted frlr
the treasury, NOR shall any duties or tx
on impcrtations from foreign nations u,
laid to promote or foster any branch 1t
industry" This last portion is wh.lly
new. aud not only precludes ''inciIen,
protection" By discriminating the article.
70 BE- burdened with duties, but ices
further, and prohibits the governuc I
from encouraging by bounties any branch
of industry, the influence Of which might
gain an ascendancy in Congress
Both constitutions provide for unit r
nifty of duties throughout the country.
These changes have high political
Importance, over and above their infiu-
ence upon the pecuniary interests Of man
uficiurers and consumers. They eradi
cate from our constitution one Of the most
1 dangerous clements 4 little reflection
upon them will perhaps quiet the appre-
\ tensions Jf many who fear that the expires:
recognition Of the right Of secession mu,
make our constitution ga rope Of sand
l The great danger of a new disruption i.
/ though; to Turk in the conflict of the in.
dustrlal pursuits Of the different States
| The question Of protecting one Of thes,
at the expense of others, can never arts,
\ in Congress. This old "fefcr5 ina cause.
\ JeHT eau never even enter the halls oil
Congress TO give the people Of any particu
lar section reason or pretext to complaiI
\ If Unjust legislation Guarded by thes,
\ provisions il j. difficult to conceive any
Y quarter from which sectional quarrel.
may arise amongst States, all unanimou.
IN the support and protection Of the sys
ten of \ rican slavery. The acknowl
edged right Of secession. relieving the
| Jealousy Of oppression, and the remov1l
Of all power from Congress to favor the
Industry of sections, is apt TO create .
stronger and more harmonious govern.
/ rIent than we had before. 1t Is foreign
to our purpose to pursue these reflection,
further, aud consider whether some wear.
experience Of this harmony may not leaC
Us hereafter to conclude that, these pro
visions being still retained, the powers d
Congress might be safely enlarged in 9th
er respects, SO as to make the Legislation
regulating private rights more uniform
throughout the different States of til,
oonfederacy
Under the clause il the United State
Constitution giving Congress power 't,
regulate commerce with foreign nations
aud among the several States, and with
the Indian tribes" the great question o
Internal Improvements sprung up. L,
lay this also at rest, after adopting tina
clause, our constitution limits it 50 as :,
expressly deny to Congress the power ct,
appropriate money for any internal i'm
proveinent intended TO facilitate commerce
except for the purpose of furnishing lights
beacons and bupys, and other aid to nav
CATION upon the coasts, and the improve
ment Of harbors, and the removing Of OBJ
struotions in river navigation; in al
which cases such duties shall be laid on
lie navigation facilitated thereby as may
be necessary to pay the costs and expenses
thereof"
Under this clause Congress may clear
out the Red River raft, levy duties On
navigation until expenses are paid, apc
then leave i, free to the public.
In comforting power upon Congress t'
establish uniform laws of Bankruptcy, &c.
our constitution provides that emo law q
Congress shall discharge any debt con
tracted before the passage Of the same 4
This restriction does not exist In the U
s., and the want of it produced ell tn,
odium of the old bankrupt law. In con