New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1862-02-19
Nr,yvoRK DAILY TRIBUNE, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 49, 1862

with unbelief great suspicion OF It's truth 1t wa
also balanced by the cops' ieraon that their master
would remove them into the Inferior, ana perhaps .
remote region, and separate their families about
bad as being taken to Cuba, snd they felt more In
clined to remsin on The plantations, and TAX
their chances with US. They have told m
that they reasoned in this way. But OIL
many casys they fed at the approach OF our army
assured and came back. Recently, the iaborers a
Parry leland, seeing some schooners approaclllI
suspicously, commenced gathering their litte effect
rspidly toretber and were about 10 run, wnen Tue,
were auieted by some Of our teachers comlog, II
whom they had confidence. In some cases their dis
trust bus been increased 10y the bad conduct OF some
iresT ousible white men, OF which, Tor the nonoi o.
human nature, it is not lest 10 speak more parIlcu
lxry On the whole, their confidence IN os has peer
greatly Increased by the treatment they nave re-
ceyed, which IN spite Of many individual cares o.
injury less likely TO occur under the stringent oruer'
recently issued from the naval and military anthor
ties, has bees generally kind and humane. but Tue
di trust which to greater less extent may nave
,xlsted on our arrival renders necessary II we would
keen them faithful allies, and not ioiormers TO the
enemy-ihe immediate adoption OF system WHICH
shall be pledge Of our protection and OF our peiha
nent interest in their welfare. The manner OF tne
laborers toward Us Las been kind and deierentlai,
doing Tor us such good Offices az were In Their power
as guides, pilots, more personal service ihVlt,
Ipg tbs on tue plantations TO lunch OF homIny, ana
milk, or POTATOES touching the hat in courtesy, and
w.iing politely such questions as were address,
to then II there have been exceptions TO ths RUE,
it was in the Gaze OF those whose bearing ola not
enu,le them TO tie oiyillty.
P,esipg from general phases Of character or pres.
ent Opposition the leading facts in relation 10 te
rlahtsti0ns aud the mode Of rendering them nseiui
and determining what is best 10 be done, come next
in order.
Tie lnborers Oh St. He'tna and Lsdies Islands
H.. ti.ir
tons This tact arising partially from local attach
n.eut and partially because Trey can thus secure
tber allowance OF corn, ID important, as II VIII iacii-
tate their reorganization. Some are absent tempo
rinly whiting e, or restIo, on aho'ner lltl'd-
ii H. and retuuiuX periodically Tor their Ta'lols.
Tue di-uosifiOh 10 roam far as ~ eXis's, manly
bel ngs 10 tie younger people. DO Port Royal ana
Ii on Head Islands there Is much greater disper-
-iOn due In paft 10 O. ere having BEEN the scene 81
more active hillary movements, anu ~ iaft 10 tne
iasug in greater measure Oh these llinds OF lie
m.aus II eUbsisleucc fOm The Plantations. " hrn
;Le work recon- me, Ger however there is not likely
90 lie any iudispusili0n 20 r. turn TO m.
Tie ftlti,tIc5 with regard TO tie number o.
labofeTs, field baud, acre Planted 10 cotton ab0 corn
are Dot pfe,ented accurate statements, but OILY
es reasonable approximations, which hay be Oh
service.
Tie li.hest number Of people on any plantation
visited WAS on Coins. Vi ere there are 20. Those
OIL the plantation OF D.. JeI kius number l3J, on
tlat If The Eurl5 estate 10, ard The others from
20 20 q. The average number Oh each is 81. Inc
fell hands range leteraliy fiom one-tild 10 one
taii OF the number the reet beng house servants
III p,f.ons, aud iliren. About hve acres Il cotton
aud ,ou are Htei 10 hand, aud Il poiaioe" a'ou
..... 30 Ill we.e devoted on tie sr aller piant@-
~. .... rom twenty u thirty on iht larger.
lie uumteroi gouad- il u bale q ginned cotton
r,r.,t from 81 o 10 q l--tIe average lumber oei
nol la from 3sj pounds per bale. The ayeral yield
rer a,r~ 90 r.tceu plantations was about l5j POM da'
m, M lr., Tor compost Ie gaiht lu the periods
ol mont le,-u,e often IN July aud Augn't after TIE
cultivation oil b. -"ou plant Is elotu, ana before
the licking has cDlnutucet Various Lateilais are
pseG bat quite generally uui ana tue coarse ihaisn
pa,s which aboutds On the sre'ks near tho pianta'
lions. are employed. TIE manure II carte n9on
fb. land In Jaunary ard February, Hnd LETT H. Res
two or three loads each ask 70 oe spread Ut
lie time OF listing The land, b. p.e'HilN9 On -'oi,
lies fllow q year. Tie COZ on and cora are tla,teu
in ceva ed row- or beds The next sep Is ne 'is.-
ING done with the hoe, and mailing The BED Wuere
ALLEYS were 40 at tie previous rhisug9 me crop
and tue nlleys being made vherr TIE bees were "e-
fore. In this trocess half the bed IS hauled INTO
the alley on the one side and tie other hai !h,o We
al!ey or the other. THIS work ID done mainly IL
February, being commenced s'inellhes VIC 'a'' ~
January task" j. TO feet square, aud contains
tv.uty.ore or twentvtwo beds OF rows. t.a,h
laborer j. required 70 Let task and half or II tne
land is % ost AID heavy, task ana hNe OF sS'e"
bedr say one-iourtn or three eIghths Oh IN acre
Tie ilantipg OF cotton conlmcnces about ne ~Uth
or at OF March aud OF corn about the sane time or
earlier 1t is continued through April, and by some
planters It is not begun ill April. Tie seeds ARE
dcrosited in the beds, a. foot or foot and hal!
n, AT on light land, and two feet apart on
heavy land aud five ten seeds left in place
Alter tie pl.it il growing the stalks are tlinned 70
IA TO leave together TWO on high land AID one on
low or rich llud Tie hoeing OF tie early cotton
leyins about the time that The planting OF tho late
has end,d Tie plant is cultivated with the hoe and
plow during May, June, and July, keeping tic
weeds down and thinning the stalks. The picking
commences the last OF Augut The cotton bang
properly died IN the sun, is then stored IN houses
ready 10 he ginnd. The ginning, or clearing The
fiber from tie seed is done either by gins operated
~ steam or by The well-known foot gus the latter
turning out about 80 pounds of ginued cotton per
day and worked by one pc son. assisted by another,
who picks ont the specked and yellow cotton. The
,team-.nl tie carries more gins, each tuning
out 800 pounds per day, and requiring eight or ten
bands tend the engine aud gins, more or ess hc-
,ordng to the number of the gius. The foot ins
aye still more used than the the gins operated by
steam the latter being used mainly at tie very large
plnrations on which both kinds are sometimes EN-.
ployed. | have preserved notes OF the KIND ana
lumber of gins used on the plantations visited ou, II
il unDecessary 10 give them here. both kindS can
be run entirely by the atorers and alter IBIS wear
the ginning should be done entirely here-anong
other reasons to avoid transportation OF the seed,
which makes nearly three tour,hs OF the weight OF
the ungnued cotton and to preserve in better condi-
ton the reed required for planting.
The allowance Of clothing to the field hands in this
strict has been two suits per year. one for Summer
and another for Winter. That OF food has been
mainly vegetables neck Of corn a week to each
hand, with meat only in June. when the work II
hardest aud ut Christn No meat WAS allowed
in Juno on some plantaioos, while on few, more
literal, il WIS dealt out occasionallyas once fort
night or once u month. On few molisses WA
giyen at intervals. Children, varying with theiI
ages were lowed from two to Six quarts OF corn
per week. The diet Is more exclusively vegetable
here than almost anywhere in the iebellious regions