The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1862-12-12
PRESIDENTS MESSAGE.

PRESIDENTS MESSAGE.
We gave an abstract of the message in
last weeks paper, except what relates to
the emancipation policy. We give this en-.
tire now:
COMPENSATED EMANCIPATION.
On the twentysecond day Of September
last, proclamation was issued by the ex.
ecutive, copy of which is herewith submit
ted. In accordance with the purpose ex-
pressed in the second paragraph of that
paper, l now respectfully recall the attention
to what may be called compensated Eman-
cipation." :" A nation may be said to consist
of its territory, its people, and its laws. The
territory is the only part which is of certain
durability. "One generation passeth away
earth abideth forever" 1t is of the first
Importance to duly consider and estimate
this ever-enduring part. That portion OF
the earth's surface which is owned and in
habited by the people of the United States is
we'll adapted to be the home of one national
family, and is not well adapted for two or
more. Its vast extent and its variety of eli
mates and productions are of advantage in
this age for one people, whatever they might
have been in former ages. Steam and tele-
graph, in promoting intelligence, have
brought these 20 be an advantageous combi-
nation for one united people. In the inaug-
ural address briefly pointed out the total
inadequacy of disun;on as remedy for the
differences between the people of the two
sections. did so in language which can
not improve, and which therefore | beg to
repeat:
"One section of our country believes sia-
very is right and ought to be extended, while
the other believes it is wrong and ought not
to be extended. This is the only substan-
tal dispute. The fugitive slave clause of
the constitution, and the law for the sup
preston OF the foreign slave trade, are each
as we'll enforced perhaps, as any law can ever
be in community where the moral sense OF
'h- people imperteclly supports the law it
sef. The great body OF the people abide by
1he legal obligations in both cases, and few
'rtak over i'll each. This think cannot be
perfectly cured, and it would be worse in
10th cases after the separation of he sections
thar before. Tne torvign slave trade, now
lmret ctl, suppressed. would be ultimately
~c>i.,d without RESTRICTION in one section
ahI fugitive saves. Low only partially sur
.erdere.., woLid uOt be surrt ndered Il all by
~ other. PhySo .iiy speaking, We cannot
,rnarate. We Cannot l. move our respective
SectiH,.S from eacn other, nor build az i'll
paSsable wall between them. y huSb .nu
and wife NAV De divorced a d 90 out o.. the
presence ard beyond tie reach Of each other
bur tE., different parts Of our country clnno
/ this. They cannot BIZ. remain face tC
face, and int rc,,nrse. either amIcabIe or hos
tile, must continue between thenr. Is II pos
s;ble. then, to make thai .aieIIou'st m0Ii
advantageous or NOR" satisfactory after .Cp
aration than before? Can al'eIs make treat
les more easily tan friends can make laws
Can treaties Je more faithfully enforced be
tween aliens than laws can among friends
Suppose you go to war, YOU caunot fly a!
WAYS. and when, after much loss on 'toIt
sides and no gain on either, you cease tisht
ing, the identical questions as to terms o
Intercourse are again upon you"
THE DIFFICULTIES OF DIsUNIoN.
! There is no line. straight or crooked. suit
able for a national boundary. upon which t
divide. Trace through from east to ives
upon the line between the free and slav
country. and We shall find little more thai
one-thrd Of its length are rivers easy to b
crossed, and populated or soon to be popu
lated thickly upon both sides while nearl
all its remaining length ale merely surveyor
lines, over which people may walk back ant
forth without any consciousness of thei
presence. No part of this line can be mad
any more difficult to pass by writing it dow
on paper or parchment as national bound
ary. The fact Of separation, if it comes
gives up, on the part of rhe seeding section
the fugitive slave clause, along with all othe
constitutional obligations, upon the sectiO
seeded from, while should expect no treat
stipulation would ever be made to cake it
place. But there is another difficulty. Th
great interior region, bounded east by tn
Alleghanies, north by the British dominions
west by the Rocky Mountains, and south b
the line along which the culture of corn an
cotton meets, and which includes part {
Virginia, part of Tennessee, all of Kentuck!
Ohio, Indiana, Mich gan, Wisconsin, Illinois
Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, Minnesota, and tn
, territories of Dacotah, Nebraska, and pal
of Colorado, has above of lO,0O000O of pc,
ple, and will have fifty millions With
fifty wears, if not prevented by any polite;
folly or mistake. 1t contains more than on
Al: 6 = ho ,yrnoI bv tho pIf
States, certainly more than one million
square miles. One half as populous ;
Massachusetts already is, it would have mol
, than seventy-fve Millions Of people. a glant
at the map shows that, t,ferritorially speaking,
is the great body Of the republic. The oth'
parts are best marginal borders to it, II
: magnificent region sloping west from II
Rocky Mountains to the Pacific being Il
deepest one also the riches, in undevelopt
resources, in the production of provision
grains, grasses and all which proceed fro
the n.
rh, great interior region is naturally ol
,i the mn>r important in the world. Asce
!aln from the statistics the snail populate
O. the region which has not yet been broug
: MO cultivation, and also the large ard ra
I dI, Increasing amount of its products, AT
. W. snail be overwhelmed with the magntu'
o, the pro<pec, presented; and yet this I
gto:. has no sea coast. touches 10 OCEAN an
y ..rre A. part OF are nation. It's pc pie no
/ I'D. and NAV forever fo;!. their way to L
-. fspe T. New York. to South America a
Africa By New Orleans, and to -A>i, by S
francisco. Eut separate common cou
q try into two nations, as designed hy the pre-
= ent rebellion, and every nan Of this gre
: interior region is thereby cut off from SCI
on. or more of hese outlets. not perhaps
Il a pnvsca! BARRIE, but by embarrassing a
's onerous trade regulations. And this is tt