New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1862-09-03
FROM ENGLAND.
vbe International Exhibition.

Tbis has zen ehulng d0y 1t tie ENhlDhln auu |
OF eager, energetic crowd has ihrongea the budue 10
TIE exclusion OF handsomely dressed sIuntereis who
pass losufcy MP aid down the broad aisl,s ana dis
Terse themselves quietly through the courts OF
gather N groaps hot too compact around IN, piano
players on halfcrowE days. To-day very con-
siderable amount Of energy md toriituce must nave
been required 10 take ere through tue inacnner!
shncx or tie Vc,me galleries. or across the nave iu
hearing - tie music; but there were lo7l oro III gu,
les f0pulr -ios of tie galleries oNei""H-uS an
mo, to,,c II yyes tl.lglui 10 So tie cOLceri OF
piano and flutes and the strupe me audience thod-h
every strain Of nu,ic was lot ia ihe CONTINUOUS
gushing sound Of iunIueToOie footsteps sou.u Hat
tlgf % tie waters " coming down ~ L'Cofc.
There arc some olccfs ir the nui'clug which seem
a. e. equal tract ions tOr an classes of visitors
beit ON All davs suTiouuCed by tOet of admirers
Ono oi these is, 8" toe ilgiuS buihnch; Il very
curirug ilece Of Workmanship, even iur "a SWir
workmai 60 execute there is seen OF fret only
email rrettily.euamolCd box. scarcely hreo incl e.
LON. On touching spring the hG flies open, TIE
Ittie tid 81 rings og, and MARBLES bis eouE, hmos.
Ike that Of inc real blvd. turns himself tis and
tla; fItieTs bis Wigs, and vanshcs the ID closing
over hm as before. The exhibitor has lately hi'
eIOu pl.n Tor turning THIS song TO account By It.
oulIiDg pure o, five shihngs nom the bystalder-
for each Performance, the money in al cases 10 be
applied TO benevolent purposes. The hltle singer
los thus earned - hisn go III Day for the ben
EFT OF the starving operatives "a tne cotton manu-
featuring districts.
Another peruerugl center o. attraction is the
trophy of Garfard d Co., Grown q eweiers." Po-
icemen are stationed here to keen order, Gno Tie
visltOrs pass II turns before tie cas-, which con
tains cl L fest amOLC 70 thousand brilliant gems, the
famous kch-i-uOOr, or Mountain Of Light" In Il
descriptive pamphlet Of the contents Of this case tho
history Of tho hOn-lnOOrIs gwen, from It's discovery
IN The mines OF GOlCODda, IN tue year 1872 through
the hai d. o. successive owners from GoCouda
O. Delhi from Delhi to Musbed. from 81 Ushod 10 la-
hcv. fa ID. NfrlD i'm lao pCQ
OF The inter-, the III MOolan aud Dances
il the puujaub induced the British residents 10 Ia
Lore 20 secure the person Of the young 9ahafajsh
and st tire same time to seize the hoh.i-uOor" No
explanation is made 20 render tie justice Of this
seizure apyai t; IT Is perhaps uuqucs.ouabr. ~
oil events, { "lreclOus gem WAS lnueulaiely
sent hone 10 the directors OF the East lldia Com
pany who, 10y agreement among themselves pre-
scented II 10 Queen Vie Orid, the present Owner and
exhibitor. since coming into her possession, the
koh-i-noor has been recut and repolisl ed, and
siiio ugh reduced IN weigh; TO lv-a csia's, II Is
greatly increased III briulance aud even IL apparent
size by the Operation.
The beautiful brazilian diamond, " Star Of the
South, exhibited from Holland, and owned by
shareholders there and in Engl Land and France
although larger than the hOn-l-uoor, weighing 10
carats, does not draw such incOnveni=nt crowds Oi
admirers, perhaps, because 1t has hot the same he-
toTical interest, having been discovered but few
years slnce.
The Pitt diamond, next larger than this in the list
of known diamonds, is not wanting N ills respect
and It's story may be OF interest transcribed here.
ii was found ia liO2 by a slave il nine near Ma
suhpatam. Tie slave concealed 1t from his employ
ers and offered II 10 u sailor condition that he
would make him free. Tie saiIor took the poor fell
low on board his ship, and then threw him over
board; after which lie sold the jewel Tor 81 900 to
the Governor Of Fort ST. George, whose name
PITT. Tie wretch soon disslpated the money, and
banged himself IN remOrse Tor his sroclous cruel y
70 the slave. Tie diamond was purchased from Pit
by the Regent OF France for El35,OO0 It weighed
4l0 carats in lis Ugh state, but reduced
ting TO 49, carats. Tbs diamond disaI reared, with
other Jewels at the sack Of the Iuileries DUR
iDg the French Revolution, but 1t was finally recov-
cred, and wls pledged by the Republic to mer-
chant in Berlin. AT The period OF the Empire II
Wac redeemed, and act in the State sword Of the
Emperor, where it taken by the Prussiaus after
tie battle Of Waterloo. 1t was subsequently Tt.
stored, and now a0orns the French crown.
There sle two known diamonds still larger
than this the Matian, belonging to tie Raah OF
Boueo, which weighs 3O7 caIats, and the Biaganza,
10 the King OF Portugal, weighing looJ carsts.
There is another diamond which, although much
smaller than any of these, Is Oder and has his
tory Of perhaps superior interest TO any other; and
II TIE diamOnd-charn, 80 universally iet here, lie
potent on the other side Of the Atlantic, / shall lie
excused for transcribing this aso The Sancy
diamond came originally from India, aud, in Tie
fifteenth century, was III Possession Of the Duke OF
BUi guudy, who wore II as ii tailsman at the bat IL
Of Nancy, where he killed. a Swiss souier
found the body IN ditch, took tie jewel from the
clothes. aud, not knowing It's value, cold il Tor a.
doGin TO priest, who afterward Transferred it to
the ConiedeIacy. II then passed into tie hands OF
the King Of Portugal, who sold it to a French
tIader. In the sixteenth century II found It's way
into tue hands OF HuguenOt noble, tie Baron Of
Saucy, WHO Wa IL Loleale when Henry
HI. OF France was trying TO negotiate a loan
S4Icy, dc true subject, offered the diamond to his
SOyeIei- IN, who was graclously pleased 10 acct 1T
the present, but The messenger entrUsed 70 convey
the precious treasure % the Kipg--and ac-
counts say II was Saucy himseii-was way laid aud
murdered, having had just time before his death TO
swallow the stone His body was opened and it
was "a ken from the stomach. BY some means,
f'' eeizafe most llkely IL came Lext into posses
hin when he fed TO France, and subsequently, being
in want Of cash sold TO Louis XIV. for 92j 600,
ana il III the clasp of his hat al bis cOIo-
nation In 1872, it disappeared IRON the Tuenes
at he same time as the Pit diamond. IL was, how
ever, recovered IN the NapOleODic era, and was
subsequently sold 10 the Emperor Of Russia for half
a-uion silver roubles. IL now forms d part Of tie
Russian State Jewels.
Tie process of diamond cutting and polishing If
shown ID every stage IN tbs machinery annex.
Tie stone il fret set i'll bard cement at the end Of
piece Of wood, and the general outline Of the
qured shepe is given by RUBBING two together
BY land For cutting the facets, the stOne Ii then
embedded in soft metal, and, by means Of clamps,
brOus ht 10 bear at the proper angle cast-iIon
dice, revolving at Tie rate Of $50 turns per
minute travelling al Tie periphery at the Iate Of
about 100 miles per hour.l The polishing IL also
effected in this operation, the friction produced by
this high rate OF speed being further aided by mix
ture Of diamond duet and olive oil, with which the
revolving plate has been preyiOusly touched. Ibis
machine shares IN msasure, the general diamond
magnetism, drawing its thTOng Of curious Obtervere
some courts III tie bUilaing glare mparatlvely neg
Iscied. lhose Tor hardware. for example, are
never crowded with visitors. The " improved
rsnges, beautifully finished and nclosed above in