The Cass County Republican. [volume] (Dowagiac, Mich.) 18??-1880, 1862-12-04

quarters of that year. Notwithstanding the ces
sation of revenue from the so called Confederate
States during the last fiscal year the increase of
the correspondence of the loyal States has been
sufficient to produce a revenue during the same
year of IS 29s 800 So being only $50 600 less than
was derived from all the States of the Union the
previous year.
The expenditures show still more favorable
result The amount expended in 1861 was $13-
COG 799 IL. For the last year the amount has been
reduced to 81 125, 364 ID, showing difference of
about g. 4s7. 900 in the expenditures as compared
with the preceding year, or about $3,75O,00O, as
compared with the fiscal year of 1860
The deficiency in the department for the pre-
vious year was S4,55l.e669S. For the last fiscal
year it was reduced to $2,l12,sl4,57. These ia
voraee results are in fact owing to the cessation
OF mail conveyance In the insurrectionary States,
and IN part to careful review of all expenditures
OF that department, in the interest of economy.
Inc efficiency of the postal service it is believed
has also been much improved. The Postmaster
General also opened correspondence, through
the Department of State, with Foreign Govern
ments, proposing Convention of postal repre-
sentatves for the purpose of simplifying the rates
OF foreign postage and to expedite the foreign
mails This proposition, equally important to our
adopted citizens and to the commercial Interests
of this country, has been fayorably entertained
and agreed to by all the Governments from whom
replies have been received. ask the attention of
Congress to the suggestion of the Postmaster Gen.
eral in his report respecting the further legislation
required in his opinion for the benefit of the postal
| service.
The Secretary of the Interior reports as follows
in regard to public lands:
| The public lands have ceased to be source OF
public revenue. From the LIST of July, 1861, to the
Both of September, 1862, the entire cash receipts
from the sales of public lands were Sl57 AZ 52o-
sum much less than the expenses of our land
system during the same period.
! The homestead law, which will take effect on the
1st of January next, offers such inducements to
&a1 IN
an extent sufficient to meet the expenses of the
general land office, and cost OF surveying and
bringing the land into market.
The discrepancy between the sums here stated
as arising from the sales of public lands and the
sums derived for the same source as reported from
| the Treasury Department arises understand, from
the fact that the periods of time though apparent
ly, were not really prominent at the beginning
point. The Treasury report includes considera-
BILE sum now which had previously been reported
from the interior sufficiently large to greatly over
reach the sum derived from the three months now
reported upon by the Interior and not by the
Treasury Department
/ The Indian tribes upon our frontiers have, during
the past year, manifested spirit of insubordina-
tion and at several points, engaged in open hostl
ties against the white settlers in their vicinity. The
tribes occupying the Indian country south of Kan
renouuced their allegiance to the United States,
and entered into a treaty with tile insurgents.
Those who remained loyal to the United States
were driven from the country. The chief of the
Cherokees has visited this city for the purpose OF
restoring the former relations of the tribe with the
United States. He alleges that they were con-
strained by superior force to enter into treaties
with the insurgents, and that the United States
neglected to furnish the protection which their
stipulation required.
!, In the month of August last, the Sioux Indians
in Minnesota attacked the settlers In their vicinity
with extreme ferocity, killing unfortunately
men, women and children. This attack was wholly
unexpected, and therefore no defence had been
provided. 1t is estimated that not less than 500
persons were killed by the Indians, and a large
amount of property was destroyed. How this out
: break was induced is not definitely known and
suspicious, which may be unjust, need not be
stated
/ Information was received by the Indian Bureau
from the different sources, about the time hostili-
ties were commenced, that simultaneous attack
was to be made upon the white settlements by all
the tribes between the Mississippi River and the
, Rocky Mountains.
The State of Minnesota has suffered great injury
E from the Indian war. A large portion of her ter
ritory has been depOpulated, and severe loss has
been sustained by the destruction of property. The
people of that State manifest much anxiety for the
removal of the tribes beyond the limits of the State
E as guarantee against further hostilities
1 The Commission of Indian Affairs will furnish
e full details,
a l submit for your special consideration whether
e our Indian system shall not be remodeed. Many
/. wise and good men have been impressed with the
S belief that this can be profitaby done,
S l submit statement of the proceedings of the
f commissioners which shows the progress that ha;
been made in tie enterprise of constructing the
q Pacific Railroad and thus suggests the eareS
completion of the road and also the favorable actor
It of Congress upon the project now pending before
them for enlarging the capacities of the canals IL
e New York and Illinois, as being of vital and rap
idly increasing importance to the whole nation anC
It especially the vast interior region hereafter II
: be noticed at some greater length.
propose having prepared and laid before yOl
at an early day some interesting and valuable sta
o tstical information upon this subject. The mill
;. tary and commercial Importance of charging thu
Illinois River is presented in the report of Colone
q Webster to the Secretary of War, and now trans
; mitted to Congress. respectfully ask your atten
ton to it.
. of the 18th of May last have caused the. Depart
ment of Agriculture of the United Estates to b'
n organized. The Commissioner informs me tina
. within the period of few months this department
? has established an extensive system OF correspon
dence and exchanges both at home and abroad
. which promises to effect highly beneficial results
I in the development of a correct knowledge of re
cent improvements in agriculture in the introduc
ton of new products, and in the collection of ag
rcultural statistics of the different States; also
that il will be prepared to distribute largely seeds
cereals plants and cuttings, and has already pub
lished and literally diffused much valuable lnfor
Z nation.
In anticipation of a more elaborate report which
IN due time Will De puDilSneu, embracing Soic val
liable tests in chemical science now IN progress
the laboratory the creation of this department wa
for the more immediate benefit of a large class o
our most valuable citizens, and trust that the lib
: eral basis upon WHICH it has been organized will
not only meet your appreciation, but that it Will re
alize at distant day all the fondest anticipation
of its most sanguine friends and become the fruit
4 full source of advantage to all our people.
n On the 22d of September last proc
!, n lama,ion was issued by the Executive
il "a copy of which is herewith submit
Q ted. In accordance with the purpOs'
!. expressed in the second paragraph O
|. that paper, l now respectfully recall
IS your attention to what may be called
:, compensated emancipation. A nation
may be said to consist of it's terrltor.
p its people and its laws. The territor.
3 is the only part which is of certain dis
!. ability. "One generation passed.
o away and another generation cometh
10 but the earth abideth forever" 1t j
,e of the first Importance to duly conside
d and estimate tins ever enduring part.
That portion of the earth's surfac
which is owned and inhabited by tn
70 people of the United States is we
70 adapted to the home Of one nationa
family. 1t is not well adapted for tw
or more. It's vast extent, and its val
~ iety of climate and productions are 9
50 advantage in the age of one people
s ss whatever they might have been in fol
90 NOR aoas Steam and talepraphs an