davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1862-01-03

The KNICKERBocKER.- well established
and popular periodical enters upon the new year
with brighter promise than ever before. Such
writers as r. B. Kimbal, author Of "St. Leger,"
Charles G. Leland and F. w. Shelton, contrib
ute TO its pages regularly, and the Editors Ia
bic, as usual, is laden with good things. We
can recommend the Knckerbocker as a genial,
interesting and Instructive work Address J.
r, Gilmore, New York city.
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1862-01-03

CoNTINENTAL MoNTHLY.-Ve are in receipt
Of the January number of this new candidate
for public favor, and find it full of interest for
The general as well as the literary reader. We
observe contributions to this number from the
best writers in the country. The CONTINENTAL
is under the editorial management Of MIR, CHAs.
G. LELAND, (''Mace SIOper" one of the finest
scholars and most genial humorists in America.
We can recommend every thing contained in
the pages Of this book, except its political ari-
Cles which are devoted 10 the inculcation of the
''emanciPation" idea Emancipate yourself OF
that one sin, Mr.. SIoper, and we are with you.
The price of the CONTINENTAL is So, copies
for s., 8 copies for Sc. Address J. r. Gilmore,
110 fremont ST., Boston, G. P. Putnam, 532
Broadway, New York, or T. B. Peterson and
Bros, 306 Chestnut s., Philadelphia.
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1862-01-03

\ 10pGrtisements. 8.
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1862-01-03
WASHINGTON, Dec. 90.
DEsTRUCTIVEl FIRE.

GOVERNMENT STABLES DESTROYED.
FIVE HUNDRED HORSES DESTROYED, AND
1900 SETS OF HARNESS BURNED.
Loss One Hundred THOUSAND Dollars.
, 1862-06-19

Nh lad - LII . *e-A1L4+-1ELitE VI 1LI-
IL nois Comfy Ct Cook sssDFe-tor Court of Ghi-
vsEobert G. Eooae, Edward n. Larpon and Tnonas
fnhiIc @ not'ca i hersby Even fat in pazs9snce Of
9ss1sss &c txs S1sT asy e My g.
Special In CAascr5 fur sueh pulpoa! nnly
appointed h5 the su?etor Court Of Chicago & S1li on
ocsocE d tic fo5cnoou ofthaf ay auction
tho highest bdlc7 for cash " the north door q shc
Court Ho.,s, in tho CtT OF CEtrAEe IN the E1nDty o1
Cook IN the State Of Ilinos al tat seEtan los ptecs
Of Cook ard stat Of Ia,ts Known ana designated as
Block No tsrntythgee t). Il ASSESSORS Division Of
the sortbw fractional 4narter q secto1 No. twen
Haiase fourteen {I. east Of the Third Principal Mer
dian bounded oiloEe2-Cuu11ntnC1ng at stiSe ~
the northeast intersection OF Ayenne and In
gold Place fuuS hr5drr3 and 1ve and twotsnths feet
1N5 80 ~ to stake hftyfve feet .nd touttenths Of
foot { H. west OF the ceare Of the east track
Of the Illinois Central saiIToAd tence northwest on
hundred and and three enttts tett ~! ZIG
NJ to stake and four tenths feet t5a +i1 ft
west Of The cast track OF said Railroad, thence wes
and sevenysi1 and sx tenths feet f276 $40 IT, -
eke thence south along the e.st line Of Calumet ave
nu. four hundred and tEent; seven and eightteaLns
sSeinSive of streets Tires asd Kindred torty Il
eight one thcusandths acres Is sc1esl Aso ~
thc right ttr and interest OF the said h2ns
ana EdSard 1svH9n Of r. and e a an5 ester q
the lands Of tho lltnu Central Eatlrosa Eoupaay =
EetheE with all md singular me tsnemGsLs as1ea -
ments and ap2uT - sst;e -
60 s1Hnunt drc he cor1planants uEdcE said DECREE
Tfti. the Interest thereon aud tne eesss q SIT @
specta! Master In ChsaeaEy.
GA111r 4 HITcHcoG5, Conpfts sofFs: ,,sa -.
CEtcaCn. May leta. 1862 naf2aEzk:.E4.
, 1862-06-19
TH e
Northern Transportation Coy

OF OHIO
Isp7epsrcd to Transport property between
Bsstsn, all Points in New England, 6eE Ys1k
and tho Vest
With pTomptnes1, care AMI dispatch.
Tits wen k1oEsn Line Of Fourteen FrstrlaB8 sc.e8
eteauess. connects At OEdcnsburg with the
Railroad tor Bosten and al Points IN HeW
England;
1t Capa VINCENT with the
Railroad and propelnr Line between Cape
Vincent and New York,
And at Oswego with
LINE OF IS FIRST CLASS CANAL B0ATH
Between Osweso. Troy, Albany aud Scw fork. \
Forming &HAILY LINE from Roston, Few YoxX.
Ogdensnurrh Care Etncaus aud Oswekc 70 CleTc2aeaa
Toledo and D.ttois
AND TTI-W EEKLT LINE TO -
Chicago, Milwaukee and intermediate Ports.
AGENTS.:
J, Myesa ls1 Broadway. Ec# ToFE dom Ha<E-
ing State tTcet. Boston Geo A. EDDY tlg1easb1T5h-
HI Crevon. Cape Vincent Iohn II: GrRW1oId O.
we-o. FcIte n & Breed Gleye:aad :sakeF i Hxyek-
Ese Tsflor Msrruy = Co. Racine.
CLARY e. HOWE, Agents.
Foot of North Lasaale st., Chicago.
Fap3-p32 6m1
, 1862-06-19
S.-T.-lS60-K.-Drake's Plant,

S.-T.-lS60-N.-Dr2ke'sP PIanta
TN :'lTIE1S.-E1Aaustcd Natures CREST rcstorer
10y ..@lsorate, strengthen md purify the system
e." :!"7rEn- AciIity of the Stomach, DisrrAeA &c
&.t":-' :Ai'pttze- and Tonic. They iarsgorale the
;'v" 'htut stimulating The brain. They arc CON.
.s-:.a .: pure st, Croi1 Rum, Roets and Herbs and
s-r .'->E;:uicndcd ~ al Who pse taeu Adanted to
t.: *. ~ young. but particularly recommended to
I: VI * and iAngu.d- Sold BY al Druggists GroceEs,
z. - =?d Saloons +. II. DI.AKE a CO.
..,i.E-J+SM 20 broadway, New York.
, 1862-06-19
Un Gontrdrt0rS.


GEALED PROPOSALS FOR
~ TIE 9. s. TRooFs AND PRISONERS OF WAR
OFFICE OF TIRE Ac!1Sa Lss1sTAaT Cuaa'ssARri
se.ed p,o2caa.s vii be E2celrtu At I'll. otfca u1dl
tie 1e: int u H. for laTrl1htuE nlete
% the t. & troops and rr!s1neIs or atat.oRad at
Camp DougiaA chicago. illinois,
COMPOSITION OF EkTICN.
Threefourths ct pound OF pork o. bacon, q one
and 4turth ppuns OF fttefi or ahiL beef rWt
cu1ces OF nj Of four or one pound c1 hsr1 bread
Tttc to every en EEnat=3 ratcns, OF e1t q1atta OF
beAus sud ten ,Gna5 OF rice Or hnn1nF. ten
pounds Vi green & =. si roand. OF 7o.stsd ana
ground cuEce, or one ~. nIH pounds Ct IT,. Gseea
fpeTu CANDLE, or and fourth pounds OF
the Cxuniee scc n1,f pounds of a..cE c13oles.
IOu. pounds CT and lyro quarts Of xat Three
rcr - EsGe oi poatoes 81 TIE rs 81 c2e rooEd
PEI HAL Twice per Week gallon pf uluasses to
eve.J one hunoIet retous.
F7th beef shall be- fssued ~ cftec as the command
Ing os.scer Of tAt Po.L b-.aeinltLt Regiment NAY
rtIuirr II Ia Hru Of esl mthr-
B4dCe.s ii ineT osds required to mention the
III order that Scl fractions OF :e ration be
Gusyt for CDnsuG p1nE In hospital be charged Al
t1t ;r:ilfte Dsi Cortf.-s price
Each hlt must be accu rpaaled By the gusrantse Of
two responsible persons tin. :hE bidder WILL II hts bid
be accepted, s1zn the con.-acr Each btu will Also
mentiuu the nsmes CT sH6 snHrtnr eecurfee. aad &c
bn endorsed on the eETe:ops +ProFosals for Sub
6dstenre"
TIE -atouF to os furnished under teio cnEt1act shall
to hK sell the right 70 reject all unSea-nnan1e blas
All llGs not s1rctlJ in 1D1lance WITH :sl5 Ad7c-
HFen eEt E1 be fesGcrtf Eiater6 arc invited 10 le
pTeten1 at the G{tenlGs ot bids
J:;BN CHRtsTuPdER. Caotain 18th Infantry.
ActgAsst Conn!ssarJ Of Subds' anee, U. $. Army.
ifiEtEt
, 1862-06-19
mcnt, to leaYc It exposed to any possibility of

ment, to leaYc it exposed to any possibility Of
disturbance.
The present condition and past growth Of
this commerce will need to be stated come
what in detail. It is so interwoven with the
Erie canal, it's great national outlet to the
ocean, that the history Of neither eau be CON-
pete without including both.
The Erie Canal, completed in 1873, With the
scanty dimensions Of forty feet wide and four
feet deep. WAS regarded, for several years after
Its completion, By q considerable portion OF
our poEu ation. as local work, mainly in
tended for the State Of New York and its To-
cal commerce. Nor was this narrow view, st
the time, particularly surprising, for, as 1ateas
the close Of navigation In 1887, OF the total
weight Of the cargoes carried on the canal
(somewhat innccurately denominated in the
official tables as its " Tonnage being 3S7, ,5B
tons In all, the local proportion furnished By
the State vas 33l ,28l, while that Of the car
goes coming from States rest Of her limits,
and which for brevity, may be called Its ma
tional commer en- amounted only to 56 ,255.
Notwithstanding this disparity, and the slen-
der portion then furnished By the West, an
effort was made in the legislature Of 1885, for
nat1ona1izing the canal, at least, in public
opinion, by pointing out the 1atent capacity OF
the az rIculture of the States around the Lakes,
ard ite inevitable effect in reversing the pre-
por, inns then exciting between The io,al
aud the national cargces. Differences Of op:n-
ion, honestly entertained, On such point,
could ee settled only by time. Twenty -four
years Lave now elapsed, and the folio ring Is
tbe result
, 1862-06-19

cs,ro a7 n; 1 Estate boTaT i.S;Std Ms|ks5
4 DAiINISTRATOK:S NOTICE..
~ ESTATE Of THOMAS WILLIAMS. DEcEAsED.
tor 81 s nfs 4 a s
Geu5ty ." Goof a1a st1s # nySs Ss,l 81 hs5s
6aa!t Of Co"k County q tie Court 1onss ID tie Cit5
S Sa5 si 4 r. stI xs si1s o. q 5 s.a i
claims a2E: sad estate a:s n9tt1,sd and rc1nsstsd
max. tr'me,!ir1c payment 70 tsc undersigned.
Rst*s 81 =ee'Ds jSlS FRSz FEz Iii
M O{1VA{3E sALE.-Whereas,
n di 2s' Vt
ss1stie i iam T. oEisn ii u. psop:rss hsTeiaa 4
sI S
hn o g.
dsr cf January. D. 1851 a7d from and e!!eS that ne-
I've tSoazsnd dolsrs 1t :ste 5: .iz pr cent per
annu:n- 1ay.ble On the fls day Of january anA July
III M sd Ssys ,se to the ~
sss i 6s S ih id
p12,Ss st y & sheul IT, DC G. nxse II
eives ssa iaseses; r5e7i: asd sss .hosd
he ssne beesne eas tnsn i L. elsc:lon ot the
shcuid at 0Ece becnme and be due anu r.yapie, any
Thing Il toe oe even foI the eaos y ne contrary
3 % @
Ana that thn should be lawful for tho under
e qss 20 spss & saa
dsrese o. tue sam. Or sny nar. .! pa5ts hsrsot an
Is AZ: Es5 - nec !,
ts1,lr az p'ses OF tit se hy pubsatoa in aay daily
sa interest,"
toti sum q ona .honsaua four hEn 1re thet
cay Of january. a. n 1851 also the given for
~ n raa he5 e ss, ssne nS.a ~
siee shs tas eess,e fs; FL / i taa e. s's .,e1
ira asd r fss a o stfs T. NJ N
en1y aye h.ussnd dolass sshall become aad be dae
!, nov sus I'D 1ppsd a.sa 81 saa
dol.rB sud said SUN o! one thousand four nthatea M
doss sqt nsG.Es que s;Ioa I IA 3 as3 ,hs nssa
"a 5]2 Ths 5ss ssI d.
t. ,ns' IN Fl a52T
.aa Of e!slt5 thousand ulce Iadfsa do!lars Gssae9
tte s 'sasn I'd as' u
e ro.,s a1a IL ss'd mort Ess c'asane ans
81 1iSG M t5s3 81 81 m s.!
o. s5yEIac e.. ssssnt "a SeTs5ty one 81 ~ =; ssy
ses ~ "a ss se3eS:sts ssast o.
sevtn eizt ls, seyeas5 n,ss ss s;sns5 tsa} e!gstJ
&; 81 sS s,5tsT "a, s z
6en1:et, the e3s: CI-rs srssh o. ,hs north q
aih m Geie s,1ee s1s and 81 Bang s ii lie ots asnds:
El!lIn aad bstsee2 ss;d ,ttt es ~ st9a: iE.5F an
bsEg IL tee city Of Chicago, county OF cock and sta
rhst vi On Monday, tae t~sntyase dsy
forenoon rs prenises y u5saaace Of the teIsnz
no se e Il desssed
htias The same b!eml..e above deerben snA ~ osEs
s a1M2t II e a ns e II saia I'D aea
, 1862-06-19

L7on's MagIeue Insect Powder,
IS: ::'! y rcars aud srowE IN f:roz /. kills aud
t,ss'7::sH''s Enac.'es Bed Bugs Ants Ficas, Moths
>,:!s + Fun and Furniture, Garden Insects. &C.
- 7Ee bears the signature Of E. Lyon andt not
49,: 'us to persons or domestic animals Beware Of
i ... ~f*fts ant: limitations
Lyons Powder Ei.ls all tneects in trice
l.en's Fills are death to rats AID mice.
s.: "se'STac.e- Is BARNES,
...--;os @sn &C. Broadway, New York
, 1862-06-19
Ttrtni1l 35rtern1inatorS.


A DAlINISTRATRIX NOTICE.
II STATE or ILLINOIS CuOE COUNTY, 81
Comfy Court OF Cook County
Pulaic Ent.ct is hereby given that the undersigned,
Adlninstratri1 of tile ystate Of nuivrr Walker DE-
CEASED, will a?pcar hs:n;e the s.!d Court, At thu July
Term ihertnf he holden tire third Montiay Of
July A. D. ls IT the Court Hnnsr in sai County for
the purpose u hearing and adjusting all eial-ss aad
having sstcA claims EeaueSted t. Present aud
NiG the Ea1lt- ABIGAIL +: HALAEE,
-adn,:Els1- -atrlx Estate DoIgyer walker.
Chicago. JUNE -. 1st,. jei-rs7itd
, 1862-06-19
Gprrtat Dnt&rcs.


DR.. Il. III. M4CANN~
-EEzclAE AND SURGEON, desecss to certMtxty
TIE sonditson Kad locality q diseases. by simple
c.t7'cnnfc nas1hod- without sizing any Question:
serfrx Of she Throat and LrnEs treated by Medical
.tasa =; ,2d &c Geass,sat,oa.l tsca;nsn; Diseases Of
i. Wins D2nee. Cancart Chronie Ulces1 kheu1ns-
Is, HssratEtA fAIs:rss fst2:s. srasns. Fit4 Dis
sss {! the Eye Auj EAf, SftC D4 ssae1 Rupture Tar
In short Al en1shle ds ,Aset or long standinT
~: In the ehor1ee. peeHkle 1rue. Ne are not =
sr-ea!l" doctor. ARD w11 u2ee'tske no tase without
. Ferate Diseases, &C.,
k,1 Is 6urrFesEioaA E7xxIi4s,s1ez Failing Of ta,t
~ TuTerN Al tF@tnary Dlse-ses Sc:7eas Debility,
ri,:S y Dsl3c9lt AshsiIlA1toa Barrenncsa &C. viii
s-Te-d!T cured. E;taaut poisonous dsugn fniCrious
: crs!4t.ishle nedicines <f any Kind asve 10 deii-
!. se st:aed zse eoTGiaaly Invttod - can md 81
So1lu.tnt&ons ans Examinations rre@
Of ChnrEe,
IL -cTnunlcxtiuus strictly Confidential 0mrA In
.tSr!ti tsausesd Building. corner Of StatR and Ean
ts'7h sEcea tt:set hon1e from "a NJ til 9F. X.
s4h7--. J. Fl. Mtt:ANN. n. D. Chicago, III, Eetse,a
rsr &dtress lnsAs.nE ttsEn3. vi receive prouari
.sta1;oI- CT fas two ssAnps VIZ read . rarnph!et
5AI2-W1Y
, 1862-06-19

~ For the cheapest and best Hair
Jsze..y Ttg. Br.ltA Curb. Frz3ea ETC. e to l.
UIlS LADI 10 IAtt street and e1a-ine taoss won.
sc1. productions Q: ar 70 setntanE ;:aa dsIect n
Ell HAIR jcve,ry contaln4 alE4Ta the newest f1.ik
etyier Al articles I'll give cut17e sanslfs1on
, 1862-06-19

WTAR CLAIM OFFICE OF

~ LEAvITT 4 WRIGHT, Attorneys at Law.
All kinds Of Clai1a against tile Government PROMPT
II collected. Lawyers, Justices and Notsrtes wanted
to act Hs gents IN every town In the Northwest to
furnished and q liberal commission auowed Office
6S Clark street. Ch1cago, III. tn+E77fn
, 1862-06-19
DEOPLEsS PENSION AND
BOUNTY MONEY OFFICE.
SIN YDER, COOK & CO.,
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,
Corner Lake sna Dearborn Streets, opposite the
7Esnont Eouse, Dicley'a Building,
Attorneys for War Claimants in
every State In tbs Union.

In rezponse to the1mperatve dsmAnd4 Of public necH
Ety We tave established Chicago. Illinois General
Central ufee ior the Collection ot III demznds ag.nss
the GcTcrEmeIsha
auicker, Safer and Cheaper
Hammer than it has ever heretofore been done. The
obstacle th4t Ea3 heretofore existed to 1etFng
clients h.s bee1 almost entirely removed &c mean
Ali parties ha1iaE tteee clsnB almost toyErtsniy
BEEN snhleried TO teaton5 and almost endless deaT
EvezythinE moEt5 sud petsonsi exerCon could do to
t h1 @ % u hes m hes en aoas b.
csteat4 n this .espect Ore Agent WI; be employed
by vEe:e We have not already employed onc f3oee
acting ~ aRes Ill Be fui nsned With al Blanks
PeEs!ons and Be unity Money.
20 Local 1eezt Vii 1ddres3 Is 81 Gaicaza. NJ All
Elair larw aTutd to our Warrington psr:n=r by u
prs@ every morning. Al r1nn~J8 RENTED TO claim
ants morning afsEr receipt Nc charges unIeaa claim
EnGctfduDy proeecuted- ..---.-
circulars offering 70 co1lect for pothng. Such
r1so:s Hi'l ches: you ont OF Eour money. Eu o:oy
none Int responsible collectors. tae naaeJs psst
re.Eon Until nu cut thai they OF lusegri
y ecd responsibility. and hist taes have face
for making ycur collection, and xse rert BroEa11
or Coranlis.1on Houees.
EOTICEs OF TIE PRESS:
They are eminent IavyeEa, and well worthy Fhe In
neaEe business they afs doing-.Ch!. Daily Tt11ez.
They combine the rare qualities Of Legal xcfth In
teGrttJ 1csponaipitt ittg.|Eh journal.
Thar ats mea Of estah1hhed tepa1sEon.-TCh1csgs
TfIbEnc.
This crest War Cla!n Eo1se stand. tuztly at th'
sesa e sgfi5 i1s Of tae h1a IN the uaited sassa
SNYDER, COOk CO, Caicago. m.
Fses Office Box @65. O1lce In roon1 Il aadia-
, 1862-06-19

1862. MISSOURI RIVER 1864
PACKE LIN E.
ST. JOSEPH AND OMAHA.
Ii cos8EcnoE WITH TIE
HANNIBAL & ST. JOSEPH R4HROdN.
sTEAmER OMAHA,
Captain F. 3. KERCaEVAL 8. Ed. DAT. 0lak1.
STEAMER WEsT WIND.
Csptsln j. D. HOOPER. ~. COPELAND, CLERK
WILL LEAVE ST. JOSEPH TRI- WEEKLY
During the Seasou-
For Forest CITY, White Cloud: Rao. AIsgo AspigE.9.
a,outh, Council Biuds and umatz. oa he sFri7M &C
he k1pies faaselser rratn from ST. LoGis IND IL
The Boata orshis line a5s commanded by ssifnl -
espss had lsttea i e . asu1e
tc1t and Safety 70 rassen5c.s and aa1ppess
70 Travellers and Shippers to the UF-
per Missouri,
,vestr, 1esa Eebrx4ka Territory and the Gold Mne8
lis ns IS recoE.enled as sale, e1pcdtttosa AID re
la5ie. =
Overland Transportation Companies
Al tKehrssss CIT and utnsss II 1eEsys i5eA9f tso
This route orrs 10 passengers aut Shippers um III
East more and better facilities than any other.
THROUGH CONTACTS MADE
Bg authrzsi Agents f4t tnis Ine in All Tia principal
cities ID We East chicago md Saint Lofts for F5eas
" Eefeha1ts d ssd Miners hound East tsou Denrez sad
the e. ID Anes WI mad much to their advansage 70
= aese Ssz s e e eiaE Nv % Tofk t nd Fh{sdtpa
STEAMER ALEX. MAJORS,
Captain SAMUEL BCREs. JEO. 4 NICELY. o1eFN
VIII leave 1ATaN. tthe terminua Of tha fsae Goaak3
FnrtG nv sanotte u and Ksnss. C:ty snd rerua =
, 1862-06-19

In respect TO the total amount Of the COM
mercc of the lakes, it may be stated ia gen
etal, that the descending portion consists
mainly Of agricultural products, with mod
eratG per centase from tAc forests ind mineral
regions and TINT the ascending portion en-
braces the equivalent amount of manufactures,
merchandise, and otuer products or property
received in exchange. Its pecuniary value in
both directions is between TWO and three hun
dred millions.
THIS descending commerce is almost en-
tire1y the growth Of the last twenty years. In
1887 it contributed to the Eric canal, in values,
but 81, III, ,6j6- So slow was its early pro-
gress that, as late rs lS41, the amount of wheat
and flour received ut Buffalo Was only 5, 7S: $3.50
bushels; and Of Indian corn, but 20i ,O3l
bushels:
Wheat and -four increased in 1851 to 80. 10 600 341
Il heat aid dnut increased in 1S56to .-,..14 95Ull
WHEAT ard -four Increased in 1e51 to ..21 04 ,324
Hhcat and -four increased in 1Sol to 973,
Corn Increased In 1E5l lto.....---.--.. to 5a5s, TO
sOr1s increased in 1&56to, 9633 217
Com Increased in 1861 ,ss9 alt
f"o1ll Increased ia 1851 to. .0a66J
Being 81, ,001 $50 bushels of these two cereals,
With about 900 600 Of smaller grains.
The total a1nount Of cereals of all descrip-
tons carried on the Lakes, aud consisting
almost exclusively Of wheat, and -four, and
| Indian corn, as extracted from the carefully
| prepared reports Of the boards Of trade OF
their principal cities, is us follows:
,Bushe1s
| From Chicago ...................,--. ST. lG7. .G11
!
, 1862-06-19

The fact may also be added, though rather
Incidental to the main subject, that tue 494 057
tons Of mineral Coal transported through the
canal and its branches in 1861 were exclusive
II furnished by the coal fields and coal bearing
mountains OF PennsJ 1vania and Ohio, aud
trsnemuted into gold By that very Transports
tioD.
II is on these facts that we claim that the
Eric Canal, with the OsWego Canal as its CO.
equal and complement, has now practically
beco!nc what its early projectors aud friends
Insisted it would eventually become, na-
tienh canal. Like the national city Of New
its OF single State, it belongs rirtullly to the
the trifing local products Of any single State,
but the accumulated products and fabrics OF
great groups Of S ates to and from each other,
ard to and from foreign nations. Any meas
ures for protecting its commerce, or in any
way chearen;cyy lis means Of transportation,
innrc to the benefit Of the State Of New York
ollJ 10 tue scapty proportions above exhib-
ltcd, being ut present but one in thirteen for
its most valuable cargoes and even that prn-
portion, small as it is, must steadily diminish
under the reslst1ess progress Of our western
agriculture.
The Erie and Oswego canals carry but a
portion Of the commerce of the lakes. Near
Jv Ill the merchandise which ascends the
lokcs, requiring expeditions movement, Is
carried, as it properly should be, By the rai'-
ways, which also carry small portion Of the
descending cargoes-
OF the descending agricultural products.
the proportions Of Hour and graia coming
from the lakes and carried eastward, in 1861
were as follows:
, 1862-06-19

TaGGr1neuE, t4E LUKE Oh ItfCuul1nu, tueu 10y
cErUr-General Of Canada, trans snlitted to the
secretary Of state for the colonies . report
from Lieutenni1t-Ciencral Cockburn in favor
| Of line OF water communication, unques-
J tiopab1v intended as military work, leading
| from Montreal, hy way OF the OTTAWA River
| which the Ridean is one, to Kingston, On IKE
! Out:.iro In 1925 it was determined that the
cost OF tho work should be wholly betrayed
| by the mother country. In 1926 commits
| zion, Of which Msjor- General Sir J. Carni'
chaei Smith was president, reported the csu,
| mated expense to the Duke OF Ne1Iiugton,
then member Of the British Government,
wlereupon the canal, with connecting works
on the Ottawa, Eas constructed, openly and
ayowedly as a military work, by the royal en-
| Einecrs, under the direction OF the Ordnance
Department 1t WAS completed in or near the
year 1881, at G cost cfeding = million ster
iitg. The preamble Of tho act Of the Local
Ps1liament in Canada, authorizing the taking
of lands Tor the purpose, passed in February
| 1927, expressly frcites thas u His majesty III.
been pleased 10 direct measures to be iuulc
diate1y taken, under the superintendent Q
the proper military department., Of construct
ing canal connecting tue waters of Lax
Ontario NTH The river O:tawa, and affordiug
conyenicnt navigation fYr the transport o
naval and military storca.n
In 1881, Col. Dufnford, Of the Royal Engi
necrs, in bis testimony before 4 committee o
the British Parliament, stated that provision
wes made for bluck-houses at seye-ll Of til
lovks Of the caual, and that the work bein
| intended Is q military communication, it VA
| rcccssary that foT,iticatiopa and works {
defense should be erected 1T the entrance {
the canal, and in its immediate vicinity 5
| Kingston. 4 fortress Of very considerable
sr,enlth was accordingly erected, aud Is no
| | the most important military work on LAX
The completion anddefense Of this iuterie
! | line of water communication has been followe
| | by the construction OF series of saor. cana
of much greater size. along the St. Lawrene
River and around its rapids Their cap7ci'
v.ry far tsanscends any commercial necessi'
which can reasonably be expected On that liz
L o., communication. for 3 long time to con
. IN point Of fact, the descending trade Of Il
st. Lawrence Unnecessarily prepondcrating. lii
thai Of the Erie Canal, largely over the asceu
j ing is not one-tkird OF tnat Of tho Erie Cans
Nevertheless, the existing locks Of the Et
j. Eana1:are adeqnats to pass q descending tra.
Il" double Of that it nov enjoys; while, agai
d the locks on The St. Lawrence Can1. fort
IN fre feet by 200, hare double the capacity
those on the Erie fromwhich three elenen
it is automatically evident that the locks OF 7
81. Lswrrine hare st lSsas twelve ttmea