davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1862-11-06
T. RE IGHTS s. /.

FIRE @ Fl r s..
BY thisroute. Freights Of alI description can b
forwarde q from phiiadeiphin, New York Boston or
Baltimore, to or from any point on the Hairsads
of Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin,
Iowa or Missouri BY RAILROAD DIRECT.
The Penny fvanin Railroad also at Pitts
burg with Steamers, by which Goods be forward
Tenns saes nd. illinois, Wisconsin Nsss-
sippi. Missouri. Kansas, Arkansas. and Red kiysrs;
and ~ Clev Gland, sandusky and Chicago ~fhsteam-
ers to alt ports on the North Western Lakes.
Merchantaend shippers easrastiHg the transPcrta-
tion of their Freightto this Company can rely win
confidence onits speedy transit
The Hates ~ Freight
To aud from any point In the West By the Pennsyl
vania Central Railroad, are At all tines As FA-
vORABLE AS ARK CHARGED BY oTHERRAIL-
ROAD COMPANIES.
I TP Be particular to marx packages, ''vIA PExx.
cENTRAL X. R.HLU
For Freight Conrnctsor Shipping Directions, ap-
Ply to or of he following AgensaoftAs
Company.
k. II. SASS, 81. .Louis M souri.
n. A. STEWART Freight Agent. Pittsburgh
CLAEkEu CO., Tran sfer Agents, ~
II. ". BROWN d CO., CINCINNATI, o.
R.G akLDRuM CO., Ms olson, Ind.
J. &. MOORE. Louisville, Ky.
W. W. AlKMAN d Co. Evansville, Ind
CLARKE e. CO., Chicago, Iii.
VII. d h. l.. LANGLEY, Galiipoiis,
G. b. NEAL, Pnrkersburg, Va.
HaLLk CO., Marietta. O.
II s. PIERCEk CO., GAINESVILLE, %.
M'DoWkLL AM'coLM Portsmouth, %.
X M'NEELY, Maysville, KY
J.p. JOHNSON Ripley,o
JOHN TODD, Coyinglop, Ky.
G. l.. HEATON. Cleveland o.
X. MELDRUA, Gen'l Travelling Ag'uor
he South ansWest-
The south-western. [volume] (Shreveport, La.) 1852-1870, 1862-05-14
Orr Pet and Fntnra Policy.


Inc FoEteF Sl25sssi q -sas -.zsa.. =. 1s
ard uasf Ia5egs toi-oaed o'4E y 'as oS.s-=.5
eminent seems i49E % nave pE'a-c-l .s e
patel y 1es e #as detsEa..tea Q zsasi U s-9 70
teas.Fa II enEEeHcE4sa camp j vas psooess II
that tag var 7sgl.1 no Dec7iAe % 414 8@6s
OF 20 broad I'LL ana ma pace 'o21a soeA p e.
stoEad-taaL fas tinted STATE exhausted II Saesf 4
naee= pr eagEoIl-d It'll tRe european p2"ss #9-s1
ater the a-se q feW months 9ta1f recognise y =
aa independent lAtaea lAe p@i.eI 70 genera ss3a-
France anu England ll Greer % SUSTAIN tAsf 1aAs4-
1aFing Interests and kesP .AsF oEsfatEes ron
ton, "oat either oF fefce OF " Peas@5l means, ~
tam tastE supply % ALfeEEe-I cotton. 4Es eft9s "
cg!nIoH vas Al almost universal one ana 70 Il may se
fairly traced many q the eFs We nave fest ID sle =
lev months ihis fiji "a UNDERESTIMATE p4I 81 s,.1
strength and resources Oil tae n9Et3 ililed sae pt2e
mind into szse seeEfasE and partially Esalysea cur
energies i Is IsEae all slcA Asaziehs should vanish
We Lave p3#eEtal AL fil1tetTe enemy 90 s@s@ aA4
We must Do i Flta egr Haal4ed strength
i e, a 4sas. pEoseaatle whether ING po.e% 81 s7
Ing lmp2F. 4atles qlFIHg t9e war anu le5l5g 20 e
port Gully % cotton Ras Wise one 20 9e=1te lag =
port GUY #as if1pose I'D order 70 p-ei9e = oE me
payment o tae interest ana PElAc.Pai o. -Ae i5eA
million e4E aad ge9Es sl@ b-9eEa1@ vas Pfosz1ith5
yt, at1sE tas sgo& Place, Il coa4 maze DeeA fseas@4
ard he P35ls cFeal:9Fs satsiel II some onsf way
Congress mas c-ltSs Is P5t4ct W s7ge44A9 szt12t
duties Hal every lnalee54eLI 0est Aeid o.. a -t7
70 i9Tsi9H merchants q o71.@., -E.e 1sa4s El-4 y
or c2L-2A a9e-7 l@ts ot-H 1a 'As ~ -.-l ~ -.
blo.@sle : QUO nave 1seH 0,1sLsF 0s2-eA- Ia. "a
The south-western. [volume] (Shreveport, La.) 1852-1870, 1862-05-14

TsvEE HRoEE-We learn from areliablc source that
abc svee III Young point distance above Fcks-
burr aavc way last night. This will RAndate large
norton Of northern louisiana and will no doubt cause
The entire suspension business and travel on the Flcks
burg and Shreveport railroad.
On the 4th inst, the steamer Anna taken i'll the
service and started up the YaZOo river With orders to
pres negroes for the purpose Of putting them to work
On the Qualifications here and they were to be subssted
and provided for hv tic proper authorities ene white
man WA required accompany every thirty negroes
Tat uirh the Anna returned and reported that she had
rarnpded considerable distance up the river, and that
ot one negro could be obtained for That purpose we
don,t know how to comment on this
Considerable anxiety il expressed BY people Of all
classes III Till civ about the approaching danger Some
objection has been urged against persons leaving their
seek refuge in other places less exposed There
,ra number and perhaps the greater portion OF our
community who belong the cant away" fraternity
Of course these win DO compelled to remain and content
bnpsalrcs with their lot But all such as can leave we
would advise to pack up their wagdrobes and shift their
Quarters I'll safer locality 1t will be dsagreeable task
ID live Here underline yankee dominion, and there should
Ia but FEW citizens To witness The Dissertation ct their
homes by Tue invaders Ali who arc not absolutely
compelled to Stay win wise for themselves and 10
service To The country by showing neither their pres
ence nor any other encouragement to the enemy.
A. many Of our citizens removing their vanabes,
We are frequently asked whether We consider jackson
safe Mace We answer that we-do think 1t perfectly
safe at Jackson need to retire but short distance
from the river to be out of the enemys reach.
~ *EVicksburg Citizen
The south-western. [volume] (Shreveport, La.) 1852-1870, 1862-05-14

MrskErs AGAINST RirLEs.-The Richmond Wing says:
Young man who was il the midst OF the fight At Don
eson teIss that in the beginning the enemy shot az
rapidly 81 Nd did, but after an honr o. two, We red
tn ther once and before the battle was ended
sbat three times to their once The reason Of the diff
ference Was, that the enemy used rifles which became
foul and very difficult to oad while our men had mus,
kets This is very important difference IN favor OF
the mIsket, and may decide the fate of empires
Afuskets at short range from 30 to 100 yaras-the
srr the better are the best weapons yet invented;
The short range can generally be obtained by having an
eve Il, the ground
The south-western. [volume] (Shreveport, La.) 1852-1870, 1862-05-14

Z
! IL c5tizsas-lot tgE The FEDERAL s9Is
HEzEQEzaTEEs JEPAET3tE.E gF TEE GTLT,
Nes O5le4aS, A!lE l. EseZ.
General Orders No. Ig.-IHse t.szaEs81dinE general
II his Department. hss be1B daE3stse1 INST ta-se j.
fs al Mobile stock ii toaa purchased bg tAe city
of New 1sla-rs fer THE subsistence af Btu citizens
TIE suffering condition of tze a54 Ell ibis eitv for
warr III tEis fieus appeals ID Tie E49-itT ot those
having authority upon either zl5et
For tle purpose 0E the safe transmission Of tats
-four. the commanding general 2=rs saa directs thai
safe conduct be Afforded 70 st2a-o#E, 10 oe iaasI
Nth the sane, % this place
This sale conduct snail e&ie1a . ne entire Fotec-
Eoa Of The boat II IaL4lng EesAael@ de7T toE as
charge, anu return 10 Ao1le,.
The boat =uail take no passeAs9Ts safe sae oF1sEa
and keepers Of the 1our ana Ft4 2e s1Rjset 10 me
sfrice Inspection OF the Lag9o aasEeF detailed from
rhesa headquarters, 70 FA2m " masters VII. report
/ il arz1Eal
The faith Of the cE : pledged log ts aitliGI per
ornalce Of The requirements q t.s order, On On! tne
part Of the agent OF tag CITY aH.saoEses Eao VII De
allowed % pass eacA var WIZ sas ssa giving no IN
! tel!Igenee 70 the ala OF inc Ioi.tes.5Ea1@s.
i b command OF AAHoa = En-. bIILIz
GEO. {. STRONG. A. L y. cn-ei OF s9@l
HEAIQs AE.L1Ea DEP-AHi21Sl5 or tHs- HI-s'
Ne" Orleans, MAJ . ->o@.
General Orders No. 2Q.-Iaei president, directors
ard company OF the opeoasas raj soad ere authorised
and required 70 ran Their cars Pm 81 road Tor me
purpose q DEif5AG 20 IEe c4-! q p" y. sans az
materials ior provisions, AafaestE9 as4 sanpae. oE
iood Rhca LaE oe offered, Y oesles 70 supply t4e
vans y tas e.ss' -. III, :
- - - ID - IL - h -or-
-. r. ; - 1T -,
- - ,. - - - - -
- 81 - r;cb - 80 I'll Srssr -
- - I'll 10 -1sf -. - 80 -,
~ - - -+
~ -. -, -. -. I - III. H. .4
- -. II -. f,-- .,rts = IA -, -.
"a =, - H. .9r - -. -; =. ii
The south-western. [volume] (Shreveport, La.) 1852-1870, 1862-05-14

QrlfrIxi BIsAGRE&aBLE CoMPANT.--The ifty-thirl
rc2ilucnt New York State militia, composed Of very
choice material many Of them being foreigners, and
majority natives Of France, was lately attached
BIrnsiIes division Of the 81. S army Of subugation.
The ffty-third regiment reached Washington from
New York in due course Of time, and was quartered
in the vicinity Of the late national capitol. In the
meantime murmurs OF discomfort arose among the
members from the colonel to the meanest private in
The ranks They did not like the style Of entertain
u say 70 The disafIcction Of the fv-th;ra growing
too large for conccalment, and the breach between it
and the government being irreconcillabe, Lincon's
secretary Of war issued order disbandng the reg
ment and turning lis members adrh to go anywhere
they pleased.
The sequel to the above so far as the southern pub
lie are aware at present. is that few days since three
French officers named Captain Alfred Ciprian Lieut..
Victor Vifqucrin, and Lieut.. Maurice de Beaumont,
aux Chasseurs asigne, Casual presented themselves
TO two Of orr pickcts on the Alexandria road, and
ducsed to be conducted to the headquarters Of the
commanding general. The spokesman, Lieut.. FilQue
lin the only one who could speak English inteligibY
0f the three made known the desire of the party to
enter the southern army If their services were accept
cd and their wish whether no, to surrender them
selves They were elegantly mounted on fine horses
had good swords and pistols, and III all respects
Quoted themselves as gentlemen. They We're carried
to fredericksburg and thence on Tuesday night were
brought to this city and delivered to the provost
shall until the decision of the secretary Of in their
case should be made known. One of the above Off
GERS is cousin of count MERCER the French minister
at Washington. Richmond Dispatch.
The south-western. [volume] (Shreveport, La.) 1852-1870, 1862-05-14

FEDERAL REPORTS PROM THE ATLANTIC C0AsT.-NeW
York dispatches Of the 18th ut contain the following:
letter received from Hilton Head, South Carolina,
saws from North Edisto have stirring intelligence
The rebels have come down in considerable force and
succeeded in cutting off the other night nearly en-
tire company belonging to the 55th Pennsylvania
REGIMENT which was Little Edisto island as picket
Strangely enough they neglected to guard the bridge
between them and the main force and the enemy sue
ceeded in burning that and then surrounded the picket
killing three wounding Dozen and capturing about
thirty Of our men. The balance escaped to North
Edisto Since then there has been skirmishing, but
with no results. Ample reintorcements will be sent
to Col Moore directly by Gen. Benham
Fifteen Of the 46th New York volunteers were
captured, together with field piece yesterday, the
Savannah river.
Col Ross took the responsibility of leading thirty
men On reconnaissance to Wilmington island without
orders and wast2sre surrounded by superior force
OF rebels and half Of his captured. The officers
and the balance Of the men escaped The field piece
was lost and is doubtless exhibition in the city
of Savannah This is one result Of this crazy mode OF
Of conducting affairs Tybee island remains quiet
a Port Royal letter says rou-chad rebel gunboat
made its appearance in the Savannah riser, coming
down last week, Elba island, it plainly seen from
on board vessels, which lay in Mud river, support
ing the batteries. drawing Of it was made and it is
described as very much resembling the Merrmac in
appearance but is much smaller in size and is consd
4 cred to be in every way less formidable.
/
The south-western. [volume] (Shreveport, La.) 1852-1870, 1862-05-14

TnE SrEAMsuIr BEnatrDA-The Hamilton Bermu-
d. correspondent Of the New York Herald under date
Of March 2lst, writes sfollows:
"The steamer Bermuda arrived yesterday at Saint
Georges, from Liverpool England, bringing dates of
the stinstant The report is that she has on board
fifty tons gunpowdcr Every thing in regard to her is
keDt secret bv those on board She has brought some
messengers aad IL was rumored last evening that hF.
Side was one Of them. She Will, presume, leave
again ~ soon III she obtainsa supply Of coal
The south-western. [volume] (Shreveport, La.) 1852-1870, 1862-05-14

WuAr VIRGINIA has DoNE.--fye have from good
authority says an exchange that since The commence
ment-ut tajs war the commonwealth Of Virginia has
furnished arms and armament sufficient to equip full
10000 men This is exclusive of arms captured at
Norfolk and Harpers Ferry Virginia has done her
part we'll and it is time that her reviers should cease
thair -AntannM. alanr.
The south-western. [volume] (Shreveport, La.) 1852-1870, 1862-05-14

It is published in the Washington (Arkansas) Tele
graph as report that Dr. Fowkes, late president of
the great Southern Pacific railroad company, has
been arrested BY order Of Gen, Beauregard,
The south-western. [volume] (Shreveport, La.) 1852-1870, 1862-05-14

The New 0reapsPieayGne Of the 8th inst. says; We
learn thet LOT Of 80 hhds. fully fair sugar changed
hands Ii high fEtres Wohaye heard Of ~ further
indications of auy increment on the market
Tbe situation Vi bc business community sunehanged.
The apprehension Of being compelled 10 sell u The IN
yaders.or having their goods seized doerg many from
-oinefn their stores and the retail trade appears 70
Ne mainly confined to provision dealers and grocers
Tho counting rooms Of our factors and merchants are
generally oben and 30 are the banks which continue to
Tecye and nav oferhcir counters Confederate treasury
notes II f6e federal commander abide by the terms Of
bi nroclenatou we can see no good season Why trade
should not he resumed at leastamong our own citizens
There gre thousands who are wiling to receive currency
for goods ina Id Liquidation Of debts, and probably 4
a6y Who have the currency to spend But both stana
aloof and nothing II done.
MI learr tAat df he vessels recently arrived q thls
nor from federal ports four seen at Cat island
aeIo the mouth Of Red river On Monday, the 9TH INST
,hreo were seen below that point and Baton Rouge
,n fo were ID sight Of Baton Rouge on Tuesday, inc
stb inst. all bound Up stream
W. f,rer learn that several steamboats, loaded with
os;sinns intended for supplying the large assembIage
e 5atlarets now in Tennessee which had oeeh tyihe
Il m month Of Red river had all departed up s'Fea'l
iii tt.- III tl.a fsdoraI ves ~ hose n 5tt!lf
The south-western. [volume] (Shreveport, La.) 1852-1870, 1862-05-14

~ are indebted to the politeaess u the oicar7
the steauerst Haatioe; Hassrs, Hyime- a1s Kendall
for lase Ne# Oaeans papers.
The weekly mountain Democrat. [volume] (Placerville, El Dorado County, Calif.) 1861-1862, 1862-01-04

How TO GET ALoNG.-We have some
suggestions to offer, which will enable our
readers to get through life in the most easy
manner Tfa bee has the audacity to sheath
its sting in your cuticle, justice demands
that YOU should instantly upset the hive
wherein the offender has his headquarters,
and extcrminate every bee therein. Ifa
dog bites you in the calf Of the leg, stern
Justice demands that you should bite the
dog in the calfof the leg. On the same
principle if an irate donkey rudely eievates
his pOstcrior extremetics against your sa-
cred person, the true way is to kick back.
liza horse faIlsupo you, the sublime prince
of "lcx talionis" requires that you should
fall upon the horse, II Joggs calls you a
liar, the treatment Is to call him liar; and
a thief into the bargain. II you are far
mcr, and neighbours cow happens to get
into your young corn, your instant mode
dissatisfaction is to turn all your cows, hogs,
ect, into his own. BY following out these
sublime ideas of justice and self respect,
your daily life will be full of sweet peace,
and you will eventually become as docile
and playful as kitten,
The weekly mountain Democrat. [volume] (Placerville, El Dorado County, Calif.) 1861-1862, 1862-01-04

the case uniformly where charges were
made for guarding prisoners on arrest +;
for issuing or executing search warrants
for mileage in suinmOning jury and for
service of notice Of election or appoint
ment These and various other charges
were always reported as being illegal. As
to the thousand and one instances in
which claims were abated on account OF
extrovagant charges, it is impossible to
speak in detail. They occur on every
hnnd-in bills for clothing for the INDECENT
sick; for blacksmithing; for boarding
prisoners; for transporting prisoners to
and from Colona; for guarding prisoners
and the like. Nor is this all. The very
same number Ofthe DEMOCRAT which gave
to the public the Grand Jury report con
tanned the following announcement: "Jos.
Todd, late Coroner OF this county, has
commenced an action in the District Court
to enforce the payment of $743 90, which
he claims to be due him from the county
for official services and which the Board
Of Supervisors refused to pay" This was
in one column. In another was the Grand
Jury report from which the following is
an extract: "When bills are made, their
allowance seems to follow as matter Of
course ana this is done to such an cx-
tent as to leave no hope, until there shall
be an entire change, Of reducing the pres
ent enormous county expenditures. -
This H1S55SEai very mitch like giving tsie
antidote with the poison, or rather like
extracting the fangs Of the viper before
you turned 1t loose, although | have no
doubt it was quite unintentional on your
part. However that may be, will VEN
ture that never in the tide of time was
there an abortion of which the mother
had less Cause to be proud than have the
Grand Jury of this bantling. 1t is halt,
blind aud sricketty, and that there should
have been found in The county sixteen
men willing to acknowledge its paternity,
is IA matter Of 10 little establishment TO
your humble servant. In another article
next week, | shall discuss the measures
Of reform suggested by the Grand Jury,
and let me here premise that if we have
found nothing Of weight SO far in their re-
port. we shall find still less hereafter.
Ell DORADO.
The weekly mountain Democrat. [volume] (Placerville, El Dorado County, Calif.) 1861-1862, 1862-01-04

SWEETS Grape Bitters, or RestOrative
WINE.-A powerful, yet pleasant medicine, manufac-
ured under the immediate supervision of Mrs. A. NJ.
SWIFT, the celebrated ClsIrvoyant Physician, and
prepared from ROoTs and HERBs Of great medicinal
virtue, combined with the pure Juice Of the CaIfor-
mia Grape. certain remedy for Liver Complaint,
BiliOusness, Costiveness, Dyspepsia, Debility, I'm
paired Appetite, Impure Breath, ETC., and all diseases
requiring powerful Liver InviRorator and Tonic.
Warranted the best remedy ever invented for Dis.
eases peculiar to Females, such as LeucOrrhea, or
Whites, Weakness, etc. So popular has this preDa-
ration become that even the editors Of the leading
papers of San Francisco depart from their usual GUS
tom-not 20 commend any advertised medcIne-and
pronounce swett's Grape Btters, or Restorative
Wine " A worthy article an excellent tonic; agood
appetizer, and useful medicine for those suffering
from Dyspepsia and arrangement Of the Liver" etc
Sold by all Druggists, and by
DANIEL SWEET, Proprietor,
au3lGm 535 California street, San Francisco.
The weekly mountain Democrat. [volume] (Placerville, El Dorado County, Calif.) 1861-1862, 1862-01-04
Special anb General Notices.


DR. HOsTE TIERS STOMACH
BITTERS.---Thess BitterS are universally &C..
knOwledged TO be = sure preventive and cure for
Fever and Ague, F1atuleBee; HeaVness Of the
Stomach, or any other like affection. Their eject
upon the system is most miraculous; they give
healthy tone to the system, relieve all morbid mat
ter, and in fact thoroughly cleanse the system o.
all impurities. In no case has 1t been known to
fail, but on the contrary, new virtues have been
found in itS use. To those afflicted with any Of
the above lila Of the body, the BitterS are offered
as a speedy and certain cure Try them and form
your own OpiniOn.-sOld BY druggists and dealers
everywhere. dec7
The weekly mountain Democrat. [volume] (Placerville, El Dorado County, Calif.) 1861-1862, 1862-01-04

CoUoHs.-Ths sndden changes of our climate
are sources Of PULMONARY, BRONCHIAL, aud
AsrHMATIc AFFECTIONS. Experience having pro-
we'd that simple remedies often act speedily and
eertSinly when taken in the early stages of the
disease, recourse should at once be had to
BrOH"'s Bronchial TrOchss," or LozengeS, let
the Cold, Cough, or Irritation Of the Throat be
sr so eight as BY This preeaution n nos seriOu'
attack may be effeetually warded or PUBLIC
SPBAKERs aud sINOERs will And. them eSeetual for
clearing and strengthening the voice. See adver
tiSemant, fIm3
The weekly mountain Democrat. [volume] (Placerville, El Dorado County, Calif.) 1861-1862, 1862-01-04

Col. BOWIE informs the Sacramento
Bee, that he knows nothing of orders hav-
ing been issued for the Fifth regiment to
vacate Camp Union and proceed to the
Southern portion of the State-leaving
ths HONSAN, now HyiDgss Aua>utst, to'9ale
possession of the camp at Sutterville. -
1t is rather strange that such reports
should be so authOratively circulated, and
yet the Colonel of the regiment to whom
such orders should of course be addressed,
be ignorant Of their existence.
The weekly mountain Democrat. [volume] (Placerville, El Dorado County, Calif.) 1861-1862, 1862-01-04

HEAVY NEWSPAPER ISILL.-Among the
recent decisions of the Supreme Court Of
New York, was one in favor of Mr.. J.
Scabury against Bradford o. Wait, for
seven years subscription to the CatSkill
Rec0nler and Democrat. The decision
was in favor of the publisher, and the
Judgment and costs. it is stated, amount
to between two and three hundred dollars
The New York Observer, one of the oldest
religious newspapers in the country, says
Of this decision:
at is surprising that so few subScri
hers fully understand their responsible
ties to publishers Of newspapers. The
law which governed in this decision is a
law of Congress, and therefore applicable
to every State in the Union. Many sub
scribers seem to regard the bill for news
paper the last to be settled, especially the
last which the law will enforce. Respon
Sible men, even. under tritiing whims,
refuse to take their papers from the office,
regardless Of the payment of arrears, and
when half dozen more years have been
added to the arrears at the time Of stop
ping, think it hard to pay the increased
bill with interest and cost of collection"
The weekly mountain Democrat. [volume] (Placerville, El Dorado County, Calif.) 1861-1862, 1862-01-04
Sacramento Valley Railroad.
Ia s ID

ON and after MONDAY, October 18th, 1861, the
~ Cars Of the Sacramento Valley Railroad will
leave as follows, viz:
Leave Sacramento at 81, A. NJ, 2 and AZ, Pm.
Leave Folsom at N, m, -, NJ, and ~, Pm.
ON SUNDAYS,
Leave Sacramento at 6H, An.
Will leave Folsom at 12, ".
FREIGHT
Will be taken by every train from Sacramento Tex
cePt Sundays, and by the ~, A. n. train from Fol-
som.
The 81, A. NJ, train from Sacramento and the ~,
train from Folsom connect with Stages to or from
all the
Mountain Towns and Carson Valley.
TICKET OFFICE-Opposite the Car Landing, un.
der the what Cheer House."
J.P. ROBINSON. Superintendent.
S. V. R. R. ONCE, Oct. 10th, 1861. dec7