Daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, Va. [W. Va.]) 1859-1865, 1862-12-03

fIut OOumtsalQ0eTl utotuls ule buAb WAtu-
in the period OF few msnlhs this depart
meLt has established an extensive system
Of correspondence aud exchanges, both at
home aud abroad, which promises 70 effect
highly bene6eialresults In the development
Of a correct knowledge Of recent improve
ments in agriculture, in the introduction of
new products, and in the collection of the
agricultural statistics Of the different
States.
Also that it will soon be prepared to dis
tribute largely seeds, cereals, plants aud
cuttings, and, has already published, and
literally diffused, much valuable informa-
ton in anticipation OF more elaborate re-
port, which will in due time be furnished.
embracing some valuable tests Ia chemical
science now in progress in the laboratory.
ID The creation Of this department was for
the more immediate benefits of large class
Of our most valuable citizens and trust
that the liberal basis upon which it has
been organised will not only meet your APP
probation, but that it will realize, ct no
distant day, all the tondest anticipations of
its most sanguine friends, and become the
fruitful source of advantage TO all our peo-
pie.
On the tWenty-second day of September
last proclamation was issued by the Ex-
ecutive, copy of which is herewith sub
nitted.
Ia Rccordaaee with the purposes ex-
pressed In the second paragraph OF that
paper, now respectfully recall your atten-
ton to what may be called compensated
emancipation" tlHIt ai'H ar
A nation may be said to consist Of its
territory, its people, and its laws. The ter
ritory Is the only part which is of certain
durability. One generation passeth
away; and another generation cometh, but
the earth abideth forever" It is of the
first Importance TO duly consider, and esti-
mate, this eVer-enduring part. That por-
ton of the earth's surface which is owned
and inhabited by the people of the United
States, is well adapted TO be the home Of
one national family; and tits not we'll adap-
ted for two, or more: Its vast extent; and
its variety of climate aud productions, are
of advantage. IN this age, for one people,
Whatever they might have been in former
ages. Steam, telegraphs, and intelligence,
have brought these, to be an advantageous
combination, for ono united people. V-
In the Inaugural address I briefly point.
ed out the totarinadeqnacy of disuuion, as
a remedy for the differences between the
people of the two sections. didIso in Ian.
guaRe which cannot improve, and which
therefore, beg to repeat. @
"0ne section of our country believes that
slavery is right, and ought TO be extended
while the other believes it is IOrong, anc
ought not to be extended. This Is the ONLY
substantial dispute. The fugitive slave
clause OF the Constitution, and the law fol
the suppression of the foreign slave trade
are each as well enforced, perhaps, as any
law can ever be ina community where thu
moral sense Of the people imperfectly sup
ports the law itself. The great body of tht
people abide by the dry legal obligation il
both cases, and few break over in each
This, think, cannot be perfectly cured
and It would be worse in both cases aftsi
the separation of the sections than before
The foreign slave trade, now imperfect,
suppressed, would DE ultimately revived
without restriction in one section; Will,
fugitive slaves, now only partially surren.
dered at ell by the other. ali -ioi-
"Physically speaking, we cannot sepa
rate. We cannot remove our respective
sections from each other, nor build an i'm,
passable wall between them. A HUSBAND
and wife may be divorced, and go ont
the presence, and beyond the reach of eact
other, but the different parts Of our coun
try cannot do this. They cannot but re
main face to face; aud intercourse, either
amicAble or hostile, must continue between
them. Is it possible, then, to make thai
intercourse more advantageous, or NOR,
satisfactory, after separation than before
Can aliens make treaties, easier thar
friends can make laws? Can treaties be
more faithfully enforced between aliens
than laws can among frieuds7 Suppose
you go TO war, you cannot fght always
and when, after much loss on both sides
and nc. gain on either, you cease fighting
the Identical old questions, as to terms Of
intercourse, are again upon you"
There is no line, straight or crooked
suitable for national boundary, upon
which to divide. Trace through, from east
20 west, upon the line between the free an d
slave country, aud we shall find a little
more than.oue-third of it's length are rivers
easy to be crossed, and populated, or soon
to be populated, thickly upon both sides:
while nearly all its remaining length, are
merely surveyors lines, over which people
may walk back aud forth without any con
sciousness of their presence. No part of
this line can be made any more difficult To
pass, by writing Il down on paper, or parch-
ment, as national boundary. The fact of
separation. If it comes, gives up, on the
part OF fhe seeding section, the fugitive
slave clause, along with all other constitu.
tional obligations upon the section sece.
ded from, while should expect no treaty
stipulation would ever be made 10 take il
place. Fasa -ni ~ ~
But there IL another difficulty. The
great interior region, bounded east by the
Alleghanies, north by the British domin.
ions. west by the Rocky mountains, aud
south by the line along which the culture
OF corn and cotton meets, and which In.
eludes part ofYirginia, part Of Tennessee,
all Of Kentucky Ohio, Indiana, Michigan
Wisconsin, Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Iowa
Minnesota, and the Territories of Dakota,
Nebraska, and part of Colorado, already
has above ten milliona OF people, aad viii
have ffty millions within fiFtS years, If not
prevented by any political folly OF mistake.
IL contains more than one-third OF the
country owned by the United States
certainly more than one million square
miles. Once half as populous as Massa-