The weekly mountain Democrat. [volume] (Placerville, El Dorado County, Calif.) 1861-1862, 1861-06-15
W. B. DICKINSON, Pres't
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Ss - AsSSsSASe
--SSSS-
AFsOsaan Wells, eAA GhsAs C0sG.
-AEtasiAn- -Kalls-a1s- artificial springs,
which can be located wherever needed,
and which possess all the permanency and
other desirable qualities Of natural foun.
tains.
They differ from wells OF the ordinary
kind IN being bored AND not dug; in be-
ing usually bat few inches in diameter !;
in being lined with metallic or wooden
tube in their greater depth, which in
some instances In more than two thousand
feet; and in many, but not all cases, for
niShing supply Of water which contin.
uAlly OverilOwR
Such wells are adapted to localities
where water cannot be reached by the
ordinary process Of digging; TO manuEac.
turing establishments where q large sup.
ply Of water " needed; TO those in which
il is desirable to have water rise without
the aid Of pumps TO raising brine, oil, or
other substances from great depths, with
out mixing with surface water and they
have been used for purposes Of irrigation,
where rain IL not abundant
They are board, in Garth, bv gradually
forcing down tubes OF metal or wOOd, and
at the same time withdrawing the earth
from the inside Of the tube by means Of
q sand pump. This pump is q tube two
or three feet long, and nearly as long 60
the bore OF the welI-tube, with valve at
the bHttom opening Upward. By work.
ing this pump up and down in water in.
side the tube, the looseDed earth gradually
passes the valve and Accumnlates in the
pump, and is then raised 70 the surface.
When stNes or hardened earth are met,
they are broken by means Of chisel point
ed rods prepared for the purpose. Rock
is bored by means Of appropriate drills,
and the l0osencd matter raised by the
sand pump. The tools used in drilling
rock are Of many and very curious pat.
terms, to suit the particular cases which
occur. The expedients rcsorted 70 for
extracting broken tools, and overcoming
other difficulties which arise in the pro.
gross Of the work, are remarkable both
for their ingenuity and success. The
tools are usually attached to wooden or
iron rods, which reach the whole depth Of
the well. These rods are In joints Of
manageable length, usually about thirty
feet, and are screwed together az they are
SuceSsively put in the tube or boring {;
and unscrewed every time they are raised
ont This putting together and taking
apart the joints Of the rods consumes
great deal Of time, and renders the whole
work slow one. For hosting the rods
and working the drills, manual labor,
horse. steam. or water power is used, nc.
cording TO the magnitude and location OF
the work.
The most remarkable we'll Of this kind
in the United States IL at Louisville, Ken
lucky. It il 2096 feet deep, with bore
Of three inches, and has flow Of $50, 900
gallons Of water in twenty-fOWr hours.
The water, by its own pressure, rises in
pipe ITO feet above the surface. Its tenn
perature Ia 76 12 degrees Fahrenheit
throughout the year. The quality Of the
water Is brackish.
There is . wcn In brewery at st.
Louis, which IN 2l90 feet deep. The
water Is s0IphuFOua The cost Of this we'll
is variously stated from $4,000 to $780,
600.
The famous artesian we'll at Grenelle,
in Paris, is 1881 feet deep, and has . di.
ameter OF over seven inches. It pOurs
out 600, 900 gallons Of water in day.
The temperature If the water is 81 de.
greeS Fahrenheit II is we'll adapted for
all domestic uses.
Artesian wells have been very common.
y end successfully bored IN central and
Western Alabama and the adjoining parts
Of Mississippi. WALES Report on the
Agriculture and Geology Of Mississippi
says AhsFo ere not lenN than iive- hundred
Of these wells IN Alabssna; end one huM.
drod In Mississippi. Those IN the latter
State range in depth from l16 to $40 feet.
The water In them ordinarily rises from
three to Ave feet above the surface. and
discharges from 20 to 100 gallons min.
ute In making the wells, bored log is
Usually inserted down to the indUfated
mari Of lime rock. When compact rock
is penetrated, and sandy, incoherent strata
are met with. tubiug becomes Necessary; ;
Eheet iroN II generally used for the pWv-
pose. Thirty feet q day can be borsi in
the sOft lime rock, but not more than ten
10 the sand rOck OF green sand. Fifty
feet is sometimes accomplished the 6vs.
day. The ordinary chsrgsaEsr boring IL
thirty three cents foot I1P tlse tlrst 500
feet; for the next 800 'Aet, flfty cents ;
and over 500 feet, one ddIIar bot. Tu.
bIng with sheet iron 'is estimated TO cost
fifty cents the foot. ''''
Two IN 4 BED.-Ned and Charley are
rO0m.mates. but they occupy different
beds. Ncd's sleeping apparatus was so
situated that he could get In on either