The New York herald., 1861-12-28

tnnnf law aGtAerts did not cool the mead ot 'ap,oih
wilkes and make him reflect upon tho aWfni reklAnsi-
bhAy Of Lcng the possible of adding auvssr
wa 70 that Ia which the federal states are now cmcrci
cd. Such OF study does appear, however,, to
have had that ect in othor ior whist we learn
from tho lete. oi our Boston correspondent which ap'
pearcd in our yesterday columns thai the organs o' tne
federal press abound tn aucnce OF Illustration 70
prove that international law is In the pres.n, usahce
on Tho side Of the Americans this very auence
many latent doubts as 10 the way ia which Ehgianu
win receive tho intelligence OF the seizure o. ,ne
Confederate Commissioners under tho British mas Whte
the vast majority believe or at least anccI 70 neneVA
that this country will take the whole affair in spirit or
easy good nature and feel grateful that tho Trent
herself seized we'll as the two Southern PAS
scngors few cautious aud reiN citing pocahs On
tho federal side venturng TO express their doubts
whether such expectations may not prove wholly IN
founded just possible, these wary reasoaers ~
serve, that tho federal leaders committed one great
mistake by beey ing till tho ycry last moment that tue
Southern States would mover secede, they may now be
committing still greater mistake in believing that Eng
land no matter to what indgnes she may be subjected
viii go to Tho first mistake already brought
lis chastisemcnt, md u viii bc another illustration
Of the truth that pleasant vices the whips that
scourgc should the conemptaous disregard Of law and
right displayed in tho outrage on the Trent lead more
tremendous ibsion. Experience the sharp and seve-c
teacher Of nations as Of indyiduals, WILL II just de-
mands be complied with, impart lessons widely diff
eren from those which Captain wks now believes he
entitled to expect because In The consultation held with
hs brother officers before tho act Of boarding the Trent
emo dissenting voice heard respecting the wisdom OF
the course pursued
Tho Dissenting voice. which, not already spoken, viii
before MANY hours pass over be heard by America from
English Minister in tones Of Calm expostuaticn and
remopstrancc, ll speak thnnd, from e canncns mouth
sotd dt erpoSilation and renonsunce 6c dregoried.
England's War Power and War Policy
Canada Not Fully Secure at Present.
TFrom the london Post government oigan), Dec. III
British North Americans arc just now sure OF hearing
Canadian deences and the chances Of rupture
with tho United States Mr. Howe, the Primo Minister
OF Nova Scotia, and MIR. Tiey, CT New Bunswick. have
delivered very reassurng statement Of the loyalty Of
their country men, and Of their capucity to defend
themselves. But they do not shrink from ing hat,
II war should unhappDy ensuc, their own country
there are fifteen hundred miles Of frontier to de,d;
and ,conh be almost ippcssi6le ty any miary pre-
pardtton to procnt the lcnsion ef an enemy resolved
also hes cf rdttcdy terminating on the
borders # Canada and Ner B,u,scic BY vhich troops
might be concentrated up0, territories; and there Is
doubt that al any y these ssrcn traii an army might
BE- qsicky anasssd 1g the Aase,ycans, proctd could Be
spared from the Southern Dir. Tlly regrcts that
not equally well furnished, and points out that II We
had railway from Halifax 10 Quebec we shonid have
possessed extraordinary facilities for the concentration
Of our troops. But both he and Mr.. Howe bear
testimony to tho loyalty q all tho British North Ameri
and to their capacity and readiness 10 defend their
ground against foreign invason nor win 1t be dG
cult for the mother country to make good tho exerons
of her Jealous colonies.
Whatever may be the ssre of demand on the
Of the United States, havo ut least the
satisfaction Of knowing that have done everything
avert even by doing everything to prepae for
Is impossible TO discover any more signal CONTRAST in
respect both OF diplnatic negotiation and Of military
preparation than between conduct aud
duct before the Crimean war Then hdd long aud
part of ihe cads members of the Cabne % shrink from
bostiitieR, and resulting In what Lord Clarendon with
contrary, hare sen, peyemfoyy demand 10 the Aaae-
sican government though demand conched, no doaM
IN that language Of courtesy ,rhich one ose,ly friendly,
nation qnH netc&0si{y d05k toUdys dndher. But while
wehaye done this, instead Of counting upon pacific
suit, did In 1858 and 1854, ue hare taken all the
measures chich the If could demand.
Thus we ncalcate three leading facts upon them We are
showing that government that resolute in do
mands showing them that not afraid Of war,
that prepared to hostities. These
the only Of eectnay supporting just demands
against unjust aggressions. During tho negotiations
which preceded the Crimean war the other hand we
allowed the Russian government to trace, FIRST the diri
copnsels, Uen the e1tyeane reluctance IT the
Cabinet tr declare and, finally, the nadequacy Of
their pepa aoDs 10 meet the event Of rupture. Much
doubt depended the great difference in the personal
character Of the minister At the head Of the govern
ment from the prime minister Of that day while much
also has been learnt from the experience Of the Crinean
war Bat Lord Palnerston wen knows that the best
chance Of avodiDgwar with an encroachng Power is by
evncng capacity 10 MAINTAIN hostiltes aud our
luton to admit OF no compromise where our claims are
clear and indefeasible.
II ia certain that we have never been in better con.
diton than at this time TO to aud IL those
right who think they descry in tho New York press
change Of public opinion IN America on the question at
issue much Of that change probably due TO recent
exertons both in army and navy. In the American
and Vest Indian waters have already feet mount
irs Dine hundred guns a@d are taking Tor
It's immediate increase Tho enthusiasm exhibited along
the sea coast o the United Kingdom for the redress of
national honor VIII enable US to commission new ships
short notice and the success Of the El0 bounty
scheme, when adopted in 1859, evhces how may al
all times obtain salore In emergency.
Al sea- therefore, there eoud be coateS heeavY daess
Grdt Briain aud the United States rupture bette7, The
countries sc0nld SIMPLY nrcTt The relations Of the NORTH
ern and Sotc,7 Setetae or1s Of Charleston and Ne,o
Stripes, and The ports Of Boston and Nt,o fodk Mould be
bocloted in turn Such result oua in itsey Be nearly
eo1irnt The TERMINATION Of he ctctt tdr. for OF
po,tsly Ly Ls command Of ne alone that le North
ror continue its hosTis.
r. then naval warfare between England and the United
States would be turned into system Of maritime block
ade what would probably be the kind of warfare which
either party would conduct by lardP This much may be
assumed, that side it would in all probability
be defensive. and that should restrict
active operations to the closing Of American ports But
II our military tactics to be the defensive would
these OF the United States oiensivcS The answer to
this question the relations Of the Cabinet Of Wash
ingon with the Southern Confederation seems qite
iDJrsile thai the feerdt armies could at continue
their czDspasJx WVh M>r present dataaonsH wh0 al
ready match tor them IN Ge field and apode Cana
dian donsns al the same tnc lnorder to do this they
would hnye either 10 dSe TO divide their present
army IL IL hard that the finances Of The United
States would admit Of the former course especially the
momen, from which they to draw hermoteT OF
from this country. And hey adopt the latter course,
it IL likely that they would be defeated either side
We assume therefore, that unless the Northern States
we're prepared 10 themselves 10 gigantic excrous
probably beyond their rover as well beyond their
will they would be compelled 10 accept peace with the
southc confederation before they ventured upon often
sive tactics aganst Canadian domnions Did hey 90
10 soih as, and continue 10 prosce their campaign
aviihn ree hosk lines There could te, III addition he
Confederate Stctes their Southern ro,iier Cana
dian fog,es Mrtf Northern, ard feet nfon
their seatodrd 10 discngage themselves from
enemy before they deliberately encounter another
10 be the dictate not much OF prudence Of
necessity. We will imagine, then, tho government OF
Washington recognizing the secession OF the Southern
States under pressure Of European Then DOUBT
they would have great military force at their command;
for would be hard for u.s. who have stood neutral be
North and South 10 expect Tho South to do other
wise than to stand neutral between and the North
The Northern army probably apparently formia
be in numbers than 1t is actually in organization, bpt
az ne sane n,e must remember dt u Is Altogether Geg
creation, and Il not hdl e Not ts SAID 70 hare
manifested proed ingpaeitY for scientific sgarafe 4
year hcice their armies might e IN much better sote of
dtcll.ne dan hey are ron.
II is ty t0nd onty that In any way vulnerable.
and for considerable distance ilo frontier artificial
one Between Maine and New Brunswick imaginary
line the demarcaton. IN the eastern parts oc
Uprer anada the same also holds good although III the
ear this part OF the Canadian frontier have the
river St. lawrence but on that river is Montreal, which
he niud cous provisions OF the asburton treaty have
cs 50 nearly exposed 70 the frontier Of the United states
Further westward protected by the chain o. Ink
at esst should be protected until the enemy
should succeed in gaining maritime superiority upon
them. Into New Brunswick or Eastern Upper Canada,
however he might readily penetrate, unless ne met
by adequate force in the field. What Hn, sood BE- he
result Of his trrpioo: first, rs regards e ci,at fotsn,
and secondly yepets ofposing oeeY 0a th former
point quite without apprehension. The Upper
crha