New-York daily tribune., 1861-06-23
NEW PUBLICAZ7
HEALTH IN ARMIES.


present crisis, Of the necessity of spreading tho
knowledge Of bygienic principles among tho
citizen soldiery who have SO bravely rushed to
tho defense Of the Stars and Stripes. We rejoice
at tho multiplication Of popular mrnuals on this
subject; mnoy Of them are issued under the
sanction Of high medical authority; mona are
destiAto of useful and important instructions;
for the most part their contents not only in
forming, but attractive and readable; and no
volunteer, in the hurry Of departure, should 60
without a copy, to encounter the dangers and
diseases of tho eaup. The little volume before
va is from tho pen Of the respectable professor
Of medical Jurisprudence in Columbia College,
aud though drawn from tie highest scientific au-
shoritins. avoids tic Technology of medical
scierce, M well as the discussion of medical
principlsx.
/, TAs author is alive to the evil arising from the
sudden change of habits in those who leave the
Yurssiis Of civic life for the hardships of mill
fsJ service. Recruits should, in the very first
Ssstance, be classified with reference to their
anSeccdents Of trade or vocation, and their
Aedly AID mental capacities, 80 that they may
DO gradually prepared for their new mode Of
Ek, and eoxyerted into soldiers without break
isz dawn under thS severity Of an unaccus.omed
6s<iPkse. Msscic, btc mind, must bc educated
~ aegfceS. AID Ia both. undue tension or III
rsgsastsa Effort Only serves to rssard develop
mezi. A certs;n tiue Is repaired 10 habfsste
tie frame even to thr mes; moacrxtr Kind a
cazsigssus t9EnrL AEssg the Romans. the
riiizen was ina1ed fToA sssi5 lue 10 ataktsc
rsxrmsses; has military oducstSra begxa In ex-
7rezne youfh; sns when he arrived sf adcA ase
Ae was already soldier IN paysieal dcSsiosuesd-
But Hah I'M. TO y-s1inins ea,r.-ion efsac sus,scss
M ysals prtysgTes iAs Ielsuh fprs active as;as az
tie so er. kpeA from thu long slfs1ing }fe a
tte U9nUi3Egz z0rn, the laraT, The tbDzssA1 e6cn
tsy pursuits - the iyils Le &eIs ito the ranks of
tbs aruy, s1d lrsas iir1sea dosa with asd bag
,gags ao fxflg gang HarsA Of many niles. Weak
n is stc-bisEs, his ldss, hs wsits snd his kOees
ysx carving so Ezno5 xssghi o1sce IN year bls
kzrsak anIosnts e, add hardy eyss nsrctng often
his owa ted L. 4. 10 son Of crcelty TO iake snch
Ezs ixtS Tie 6eid and impose I'll lis unrele1tDg hard
siiys rgca hir. His itc rs jeoPsrdzed from the very
cws ~ t,s own insuEs,snsy Of muscular discipline,
esd be hArdiy be Of rse to the State, although
brrzipg With the anor Of PstIiotisID.
Iet okceE7, then, remember that the human machine
IL cspse.e Of performing OILY very hniied amount Of
sny neW drty fis and that il pnsbed beyend this,
IT'S energies axhatsed aud typhoid state super
yens DIR. Levy, one Of the surgoonsin-ciief Of tho
French army, remarks that forced marches, heavy
sl ard too plclopgsd exercises always increase the
lo,pital hst and even where the muscular strain is
nUt sufficient TO pIoduce acute disease, and yet daily
tassccrds The treasure OF indiyiduai strength and Or
znie repair, however shghty, ii gradually and insid
iynsly pfoduces state Of deterioration and generaide
bikiy.
In order to avoid so disastrous result, the rule of
sxercfe should be OF gradual progress 1t is
always better 10 stop short Of actual fatigue. For this
purpose, recruits should be dred with moderation at
tIet Twice diiy, with intervening hours Of rest the
1si ot extending beyond tc0 hours a. each session.
seem about as much any new recruit coming from
sedtntafy pursuits can endure This amount be
ipereabed of eoarse, after few days practice with
she majority Of men; but there will always be some
who win lag under the effort and TO these hygiene,
rather than severity, had better be applied Muscular
vigcs is not fixed and definite power in man. 1t
81 SsSs AZ SsSf sS%ss sss$ s
when allotting measures OF exerese sDo ehot 10 re-
c,uits BY de srees, all may be brought " bear the
awonut Of exercse required by the most isborlous
= Ars VI drilling but caution o. the outset must oe OBJ
n - With the younger recruits. month IL short
.,uo VI which 10 make pelman, with atienusted
wrists and fingers, capable Of twiriiog musket or
sws-i or tailor shoemaker, with shrunken legs
cagabe of marching fifteen miles, day aer day, iaiy
AIMED and equipped. Some may attain to this asihy
In ltat time but IL is certain that all can not Ihe
[npctsnt should speedily be transferred to their var
pa tsases iu the field and inc tardy kept drilling until
III manner perfected. This graduation OF the ior-
sef : serve greatly to stimulate the latter
NJ precautions should be spared by The officers
Il. command to guard against the dangers which
are almost inevitable in the transition from habits
of business to the duties of soldier
Recruits should first be drilled in the ightes OF their
vsas garbs fatigue dress. No overcost or knapsaeks
should 10 worn until fully accustomed to the maiul OF
arms. Afterward these smgedemeata, az the Romans
called baggsge can be put on gT0dnoHy. The anil
over, the should be ordered 70 wash their fsecs
handf aid arIns IL the weather be waiIn other IL
IL not necessary. Tbese precautionary measures viii
both refre them we'll afford protection against
imprudence in drinking cold water when oyeIheated,
and In exposure drau2hts Of air. II should be
omitted Ia Summer.
Recruits should not be exercised fasting, nor in
tie full blaze of nOon-dsy IN Summer, ard Il 10
well to allow during the drill occasional inernissoD
for few minutes ior the purposes OF rest In order to
guard them against the effects OF the everepeated in
prudence of unbuttOning their jackets after drilling TO
cool OBJ" the last part Of the exercise should be
<auced ia yigor aud thus afford the circulation op.
portumty gruddaily TO diminish its rapidity
The new Of prolonged running better known
"A the eQymnas,ic step" Is OF exceeding danger
when performed with knapssck and aecoutennents.
The very constrained condition Of the chest particular
" when cross belt is wofn impedee free IcspiraliOn
fe lungs are rapidly inflated but only in their upper
poron while the lower lobee retain TOO long the air
required to keep them dilated; whence follow an IL
crsssing Enforcement and difficulty OF respiration,
veripe almost toward sutOcation Great care is con-
seqneniy required IN initiating soldiers into this most
trying Of all exercises for error In excess here may
or cardiac mischief The first thing to be taught the
roidier harmonic the breathing with the motions
Of the mbs. This act acquired, lie run, even
when burdened, With facility.
But there viii always be found large number Of
men who calnot run with fatilty. These viii ever