New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1861-09-14

nothing for ostentaious show il itself IN Aecrl,u,.i
Coiiege where the whole community u taught y,;,ls.
ouI expense TO tbemeyes or to the State A for srs
tem' must De acquired by farmers as 4 by sv
other ciass OF tie community, by regular instruet;
ana trainings when circumstances admit by obseyva'
ton and experience of its benefits and the ineoays
nience and loss resulting from s neQlect Will. p
order 10 INSPIRE our farmers with the selfrespeca
which Is requisite to in every pursuit H..
must receive from the community at large through n
the organs by which public opinion is formed ana az
pressed, that countenance and encouragement vbick
Is due to pursuit 80 closely interviewer With ths
public welfare IT, for instance ct our elcetions H.
people would let the trading politicians step ande ana
select Tor their representative in the State Assembly
or IN Congress, not the most active election Al
primary meetings the most fluent talker nj Conyen
tlons but the citizen who had shown the greatest In
ousry, energy, good Judgment, and skill in the man.
sgement Of his farm, and the most answering IN
.eey In all the intercourse Of life, the public would
De better served and the calling of the husbendnan
rafed In putlic estimation.
Bat If we wish, my friends, to establish BY on.
bright example the dignity Of the farmers calling
would remind you that the man who stands alone IN
the respect and affection Of bis conference.-the CON-
summate chieftain, statesman aud pasriot-was a not
less consummate farmer: Iuheriting from his older
brother the estate of Mount Vernon, he made con.
siderable addition to it by purchase, 80 that a. thu
time of bis decegse it amounted altogether to SOMA
eight thousand acres One half of this was in wood
or in lawns lying in a state Of nature, but above
four thousand acres were in tillage, Of which the
management was directed by Washington him.
self. Beside the ordinary operatioDs OF hnsbariry,
there were upon the estate Hour MIL, hick.
yards 2 carpenters establishment, and extea-
sive fisheries. The property was divided into
five farms of unequal Dimensions, each with is
appropriate set Of aborers under the direction Of an
overseer--the whole subject during the Presidetts
long absences from home, to one Superintendent.
Each OF the overseers was required 10 make WI ten
ll.y tot
account given Of everybiug done ON the farm IN
the course of b. week including the condition Of the
stock and the number OF days work Of each aborer
These reports recorded in book by the superu-
tendent and the originals sent in weekly letter ,hs
President Tic President returned weekly answer
usually letter Of four pages, sometimes twice lhs.
length, carefully prepared from rough GRAFT, and
then neatly copied by HIMSELF after which prssscspy
was taten series of tbese letters hitherto rnpa5-
lished has lately come into my hands, COMPILING
the President's correspondence with his snper.
intendent from the commencement OF bis sesOnd,
administration down 10 his retirement from oHee.
They evince an adherence to system grasp OF DETAIL
a minuteness AID accuracy Of obsei walton, End sn
executive ability truly marvellous. The rv6.-saosl
crops in bis numerous felde was conducted on chg
laid down with great miuuteness by himself, fhs
culture Of tobacco at this tire Lad ceased : sscnkt
Vernon and the whole attention Of the Pro- wat
given to those crops which cultivated IN this pan
Of the country Not content with general resnlis
relying exclusively the discretion OF bis intelligent
SUPERINTENDENT be gave instructions from tie sea, o.
Government on the smallest details OF cement
ard the time and manner in which every 0. ersiion.
on the estate was 10 be performed. Even when be-
was on the march 10 suppress the insurreei0l il
the western counties Of Pennsy lvana 10 e} his
resropdeuce was not wholly interrupted. One saor
Ietfer was written from Keaoiug ard another ron
Carlisle on his way 70 the rendezvous Of che army.
Ia these letters he mentions the appearance a TIE
buckwheat and he pOtat0es, which he saw On tie
farms by the roadside, and gives general direction
- liz
weather The father Of his country does not see ,e
have thought that rebellion Ought to ergroSs our
mnds TO the interruption o, he ordinary du'ies VI Life.
On tie 10th OF SEPTEMBER l1J9 Washington al Tesst
a long letter to he superintendent OF his farms he
last elaborate production Of bis pen inclosing pan
drawn up on thirty written folio pages, Containing
directions for their cultivation for several year &c
In days from tie Gate Of tits letter bis
own venerated form was scWR natural body, 70 BE-
raised spiritual body"
IL has hitherto been Justly REGARDED Of ths /.
chief esrneuts OF our welfare nation, that IL c
ferent sections are bond together as parts Of ole
whole, By such varety OF natural pTOdu ticre ~
makes them reciprocally dependent upon each oer.-
l. is impossible for the refeeng mind not TO teboh
bond Of uuion older than loicsl araDgene ate, and
stronger than parcbGen ecord. In that great dyciey
of china and soil which eharaotetizes the paif
geographical dvions OF o eountry, each predicting,
much thar the other wants; can we fail 20 zee, 10
the unrigLteous contest desolatng the Land i.
warfare not merely against the Constitution % the
United States but against the beDeheent ordinance q
the wise Creator. Covering IS country does yaa
extent Of territory from North South, il followed as
the economy of nature hat corresponding diversity
would exist in the fruits OF the EARTH Gs dependent on
cimate that one region would be better adapted for
the production Of food III Its various FORMS Tor Trsnn2
and the dairy; Tor the manufacturing and mechanic
arts; for commerce, navigation, the fisheries, ADD
naval power, while the other section oil the country
should possess almost monopoly Of lhoee stai 10 p'f
Ducts which belong 10 lower latitude-tooacco, nee
4 II 70 com far
any tendency toward separate political oesai1aion,
which might sping from IS diversity OF nsfdrai pro-
ducts the great geographical divisions Of the Continent
the two mOuntain chains which traverse iis ebtlIe
length, and the mighty. river Which sweeIs
through the ba in included in them, pursue Ia
he main course from North TO South. Inut
the lines of communicable traverse at night angles
he lines of climat In THE way Nature, while
making provisions tor CiveIsly OF agricultural ius
osts and pursuits, at the same lime gave difeehoa 70
rho n'ou,ins and rives most favorable TO mutual H.
tercourse and BE- neicial exchange OF products' IL
aQuiust this beauI full economy that the Sou'h ~
wsging war; az unnatural as 1t Is snieaai 'is Ia.
nous under the gross desion that by virtue OF es
staple products she with IMMUNITY violate Ooi.i'
tutions oyerturn governments and give the Law 70 tt
civilized world. IL i, true thst greatly need et
cotton but shall presently show, are lar less ue
pendent il than she iInag zines; Ter nee Is VtS
ceptable addition 10 our list OF cereals but OF iins
importance; for her sugar we are willing, ior ne'
benefit TO continue to pay heavy protective ea1,,'
but can supply own wants at cheaper rate, ny@
other sources As for her tobacco, on when we shle
rly throw away m0uey enough TO build thirty sIsm-
frigaes Of the rs, elas should be richer, eIean
err and healthier people, if another pound OF 1t nsyes
crossed Mason IL DiXons line. II IL OF course Is i.t
as possible from my wish in these remarks to tp@as
the importance of the staple products Of tie sonb,
though she overrates tuem rs conlrasfed win tnI.o
OF tie North There is reason to think that the ysa
of the hay crop alone ID not much less than that OF w
cotton, and the merest tyro IN political eeohon!
receive AN equal value must be sent In exchange icn
the North, as in point Of fact. in the course OF trace