New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1861-05-05

u
Strange, indeed must it appear to the impartial
observer, but II Is none the less true that all these
carefuly'worded clauses proved unayaug to prevent
ahe rise aud growth in q Northern States Of pOliti-
cal school which has perssteny claimed that the Gov
eminent thus formed was not COMPACT between
States, but was in effect National Government set
mp above and over the States. An organization,
created by the States secure the blessings of liberty
and independence against foreign aggression has been
gradually perverted into machine for their control in
fhelr domestic affairs: the creature has been exalted
above its crsators the principles have been made sub
eOr0lnate 10 the agent appointed BY themselves
The people Of the Southern States whose almost eX-
elusive occupation was agriculture, early perceived
tendency in the Northern States to render the common
government su'serent to their own purposes by i'm
posing burdens on commerce as protection to their
manufacturing and shipping interests. Long and an
CRY controversy crew on OF these attempts often sue
eesSt 70 benefit one section of the country the
pese OF the other. And The danger of disruption ars-
lg from this cause was enhanced by the fact that the
Northern population WIS increasing by Immigration
aud other canses IN gre4er ratio than the population
OF tue South By ceg ees, as the Northern States
gained prcpondeTnce in the National Congress self.
Interest taught their people to yield ready assent 10
any plausible advocacy OF their right as majority TO
govern the minority without control; they learned to
listen WITH Impotence 10 the suggestion OF any Consti.
ttional impeachment TO the exercise of their will and
so utterly have tie principles Of the Constitution been
corrupted IN the Northern mind that in the Inaugural
Address delivered by President Lincoln in March last
he asserts as 40 axiom which he plainly deems TO be
nndeniable that the theory of the Constitution requires
rhat In all cases The majority shall govern aud in
other memorable instance the same Cief-MaQistrate
did not hesitate TO lken the relations between State
and the United States to those which exist between
county and the State IN which il is situated and by
which II was created This il the lanenable and fund
amena error which rests the policy that has cmi
ned N his declaration of war against these Confeder
Rse States.
In addition to the engcontinued and ieepsca.ed re-
sentiment felt by the Southern States at the persistent
abuse OF the powers had delegated to the Congress
for the purpose of enictirg the manufacturing and
shipping classes Of tie North at the expense OF the
South, there has existed for nearly half a century
another subject Of d;scord involving interests of such
trnscendent magnitude as at ali times 10 create the ap
prehension in The minds Of many devoted lovers Of the
Union, that its permaneuce was impossible.
When the several States delegated certain powers to
the UHted States Cor lTess, a large portion Of TIE
Isboring population consisted of African slaves import
cd into the Colonies by the mother country Ia twelve
out OF the thirteen States negro Slavery existed and
Gle right Of property III slaves projected by law
This property recognized in the Constitution and
provision made against its loss by the escape Of
the slave The increase in the number Of slaves by
further importation from Africa also secured by
clause forbidding Congress to prohibit the savetrade
anterior 10 a certain date ID in clause
can there be found any delegation Of power to the
Congress authorizing II In any manner 10 legisate 10
tie prejudice, detrlment or encouragement Of tie
owners Of that species of property, excluding il
from the protection Of the Government.
The climate and soil Of the Northern States soon
proved unproitous TO the continuance OF slave labor
whilst the converse the at the South. Under
che unrestricted flee intercourse between the two
tons the NOTtherH States consulted their own interest
by selling their slaves 20 the South and prohibiting
slavery within their limits. The South were willing
purchasers of property suitable to their wants and
psid tie price OF The acquisition without barboling
suspicion that their quiet possession was TO be die
turbed by those who inhibited, not only by want
IF Constitutional authority, but by good faith ven
ders, from disqueting title emanaiing from them
selves
as soon, however as the Northern States that pro-
bilited African Slavery within their limits had reached
number sufficient 10 give their representation con,
trolling voice in Congress, persistent ANA organized
system Of hostile against tie rights Of the
sSuers of slaves in the Southern States was inaugu-
rated and gradually extended A continuous series OF
neasures was devised and prosecuted for the pur-
nose OF rendering insecure the tenure OF property
In slaves; fanacal organizations, supplied with
money by voluntary subscriptions, We're assldu-
Dusly engaged in exciting among the slaves
y spirt Of discomfort and revolt, means were
furnished for their cape from their owners and agents
secretly employ Cd 10 entce them 70 abscond the Con-
suonal provision for their rendition 10 their owners
@asfrs evaded, then openly violation OF
conscientious obligation and religious duty: men
aaht that Il was merit to eu0e, dsobsy and violent
Nv orpce the execution OF the laws ena Ted to secure
she performance of The promise contained III C9hs
Lu,onal compact; owners Of slaves were m0ooed ana
even murdered In open day, solely for apnly ing 10
magistrate for the arrest of fugitive slave; the dogmas
Of these voluntary organizations soon
Sbe Teosdures OF many Of the Northern States, and
laws were passed providing for ire punishment oy
ruinous fnes and long-eonimued imprisonment IN Jas
and penitenarles OF CITIZENS OF Tue oouDerh '"'eo VIM
should dare to ask aid of the officers Of the law Tor the
recovery of their property. Emboldened Dy success,
the theater Of agitation and aggression agaihs, tne
riearly expressed constitutional rights OF the southern
States was transferred TO the Congress; Senators
and Representatives were sent 10 the common 0ouh-
dis of the nation, whose chief title TO this dlsc
liuction consisted in the display OF spirit OF
mira fanatieisrD, and whose business was not TO
romote tie general welfare or ensure domestic tran
utility bu TO awaken the bitterest hatred against tue
zens of sister States by violent denuncaiion OF their
Institutions the transaction of public affairs wac I'M
oeded by repeated efforts TO urp powers not delegated
hV the Consultation, for the purpose OF imlalrng the
security Of property in slaves, and reducing those
States which held slaves to condition OF lnlenorty'
Srinallv a great party organized Tor the pui-
noe of obtaining the administration OF the
government with the avowed object OF using us
oUer for the total exclusion of the slave States from
All particpatitn in the benefits Of the public domain,
conrsd by all the States in common whether by con-
nnest or purchase; Of surrounding them entirely ny
States In which Slavery should be pr0hiblted oi tns
rendering the properly slaves so insecure as 10 "a
romparafiyely worthless and thereby annihllauog IN
effect proDerty worth thousands of millions OF collars
This parry thus organized succeeded IN the nChl OF
November last in the election Of Its eanddate Ior the
Presidency Of the United States.
Tn the meal .ime under the mild and genial climate
of the Southern States and the increasing care ana at
Ter lion for the well-being and comfort OF the Dolg
ass directed alike by interest aud humanity inc Al
lean slaves had augmented in number from about
$4,000 at the date OF the sdopon OF tne Oon5'lu
sol comnact TO upwards of 5000 In moral ana
cc;sI condition they had been elevated from Drntai
ssyaaes into docile, intelligent and cl!Ized agnceu
FL Ihre-s and snppIed not only with bodily comforts
bnt With careful religious instruction Under tIe super
;or of superior race their labor had been 50 dlFec
"a as net only TO allow gradual and Inarhed ameh0
at;on of their own condition. but 10 CONVEX, huhdeos
slzo Of