The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-02-06

Total population Of free States 454l89 1880 76s
| IW. do. slave States. 9,612 800 u, 433 4O9
DO. do. Territories. 10 Dol 20z,7Ol
Total population Of U. States. .23 l9l s76 a164eses
Increase in ten years. ,464 1923
In order to comprehend the above appor-
| tionment Of Congressional representation, it
may be necessary to state that the regular
number of representatives is only 233; but
since the apportioDment on the census of 1850
California has been admitted with two men,
beers, Minnesota with two, and Kansas with
one-making the whole number 238. The
number must now be again reduced to 233,
and one Of the States will also be forced to lose
one from the above apportionment to make
room for Kansas.
BY the following recapitulation table it will
be seen that the South have lost five members,
and that the North have gained five over the
number to which they were entitled in 1885,
Neae aplortimmera. Old arportionment
North. ......................l loo lay
South.. ................... o. on
For the past forty years, during the
troublous times in the Old World, which have
mvIc VI lees unecteo nuliUn after nation, tho
North has been receiving from Europe large
supplies of immigrants, each bringing with him
his little mite Of money and his stalworth arm,
ready for any field of labor. Probably some
eight millions have been added to our popu-
lation in this way The South, on the contrary,
where white labor is comparatively valueless,
has received but little increase to her popula-
ton from this source; yet out of the thirty-two
millions, which is about the aggregate popula-
lion of the whole country to-day, the eighteen
Northern States have only nineteen nillions,
and the fifteen Southern States have twelve
and half millions. Taking away the immi-
grafton, then, the South is not so far behind
us in increase of population. Again, there
has been an immense influx Of capital from Eu-
rope pouring into the Northern cities for the
same period of time, probably to the amount
of thousand millions Of dollars, and very
little into the Southern ports. When the South.
becomes an Independent confederacy it is not
unreasonable to expect that she will receive
larger share of both capital and immigrants
from abroad; nor is it at all likely that the
North will ever again enjoy such replenish-
nent Of population from Europe as she has
done Immigration is even now very materially
declining
Ii the Southern confederacy only adopt some
humane system 1t may draw labor to any
extent from Africa, which cannot be done
under the laws of the old confederacy. On the
other hand, unless by the annexation Of
Canada and the other British provinces, IL they
-hould decide to throw of the yoke of England
and join their fortunes with the Northern
United States Of America, the North can only
increase her resources and her population by
The importation oil free labor on the wages
principle, whereas the South can draw upon
Africa unpaid labor almost without limit, and
thus, while increasing her population, de-
velope all her latent resources 70 the utmost
In thus view Of the subject, those who ioresee but
little fruits for the South from separation, and
predict for her in the future retrogress,on In.
stead OF progress, may Had that the two con-
lederacies will run close enough in the race.
The SOUTHERN CoNFEDERAcY CoNoREss.-The
Southern Confederacy Congress at Mont
gomery, Alabama, has proceeded delbe-
raiely TO business AS we have heretofore
indicated, II VIII establish a provisional
general government for the seeded States
and for such others az may join them, and pro.
vide tor elections in the several States con-
cerDed, in view OF q permanent organization
Meantime an alliance, offensive and defensive
will doubtless be ageced upon in behalf of the
several States concerned, TO meet the antici-
psted policy Of coercion from the incoming re.
publican administration; aud then, whether the
border slave States shall have seeded Or not
hey will stand as protecting bulwerk to the
southern confederacy. SO, then, "the fixed
act' of a Southern confederacy is before u.s.
with or without the border slave States, peace
or war. We plead for peace. viii Mr.. lincoln
prefer war with the inevitable result before
him, from wal Of the immediate loss Of the
border slave States, or will he try peace 10 sc.
cure those States, or such Of them az may await
The policy Of his administration That Is the
question 10 which, in default OF q compromise,
we would especially direct his attention.