davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27
From wnshtng.on.

WAsHIEGToK, March rs.
Removals 10 the civil service will be nu-
merous.
Vim. Jayne Of Ills, was nominated Gov.
OF Dacosah.
The Charleston Courier OF Friday says
Sergeant Fox arrived TO visit and report the
condition Of Fl. Sumter. lie Was permitted
TO 20 thither accompanied by Captain Hart
stein.
The Courier also notices the arrival of ex-
Congressman Holmes, who Gays Seward de-
sires him to say to the people OF Charleston
that be was for peaceful settlement, and
would d. everything 10 his power for IN am.
icable arrangement; also, that Gen. SCOTT
gave similar assurances, and the President
favors such policy, and . majority in the
Cabinet desire the evacuation OF Fort Pick
ems, a. well as Fl. Sumter.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27
Georgia.


AUGUSTA, March %.
The State Convention adjourned Saturday
night having adopted the State Constitution
TO be ratified or rejected by the people at
the mex. July election. Nothing new from
Montgomery, Ii is generally believed Sum-
ter was evacuated last Wednesday. The
troops Of the South are concentrating at
Pensacola.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27
Asrane new.

Some OF oar readers may be interested,
as We have been, IN learning the views OF
DR.. o. A. BroxnsoD, the celebrated Re-
viewer, and one of the profoundest thinkers
and ablest writer's Of this or any other age,
ON the present difficulties OF orr Union.
On the point whether peaceful settlement
is not better than civil war, the Doctor
takes the negative decidedly. For war, be
eaye, with ali it's cslamities, and terrible as
they are, is not 80 unmitigated an evil A.
many seem to suppose. History teaches that
war Is necessary for the body polite. just ~
occasional blood-letting is good for the body
human. Long seasons of peace and pros
peFity have not generally proved seasons Of
the greatest blessings to the nations. On
the contrary, such seasons have invariably
sntailed upon society degree Of demorali-
sation and corruption which nothing but the
fearful storm Of war can cure.
But in reference to our own Government,
says the Doctor, the great question is whe.h-
er We shall have Government at ell. What
is Society without Government? And what
10 Government without the moral force to
make itself respected and obeyed2 1t 10 no
Government. II is mere sham, q cheat and
. delnsion.
10 reply to the common objection that the
Union would be worth nothing if purchased
at the fearful cost Of civil war, he replies
that there is DO force at all in the objection.
For what would peace be worth il purchased
at the fearful cost Of the destruction Of the
Union and the consequent prostration Of the
Government ? No! Let US rather fight the
rascals, let Us bring them into subsection,
and teach them lesson Of obedience at the
lannon's mouth, II necessary. Dishonored
as our old flag lie now, We can only hang our
heads in shame, for We no longer have q
country worth dying for.
We believe that there are thousands,
il not millions, in cur land who sympa
thiEe with these sentiments, and who
feel that unless the honor of our tag is
speedily vindieated and obedience 10 Iax
rigidy enforced at all hazards, our prestige
among the nations - gone forever, and there
il nothing left fer the prudent man, who
woul! escape an immisigable tendency to dis
Indignation and consequent eternal strife
and dissension besween hostile communities,
but to seek refuge under some government
which inspires respect for itself by requiring
obedience TO law.
The legacy left By traitors, seoundrels and
imbeciles TO this Administration involves il
in unheard of difficulties. Can the machin.
OF G0vernment--so fesrfully broken and de
ranged, and left SO powerless--be mende,
in day, or even in q msnthf Whateve
men could do under such complications, y,
believe Mr. Lincoln and his advisers will do
We wait patiently and not without hope.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27
New York Items. !.
NEW YoRK, March Is.

NEW YORK, March 70.
The Herald dispatch says DR.. Lieb OF Hi
nois has been nominated Marshal OF Dacotah.
T. Bigelow Lawrence, OF Boston, is to be
Consul General to Florence.
The Tines correspondent says the nomi-
nation Of Dryer, Of Oregon, commissioner to
the Sand xich Islands, will be rejected.
Chaunoey L. Ciapp, II is understood will
be Secretary Of Legation to Austria; John
Hutchins IN of MINI. Sec'y, and 5. P. Wilson
Of Penn, Chief Justice OF Dacotah; S. w.
Hoxie. Of Mimi, surveyor Gen'l Of Nevada !;
Mr. Hill, OF Michigan, -Snrxeynrl General Of
Decosah; Aaron Goodrich, of Mimi. Sec'y Of
Legation TO Belgium. have just received
a dispatch from gentleman in Charleston
who visited Fort Sumter this morning. He
states he found Maj. Anderson taking an in-
ventory OF everything preparatory to evscu-
atng the fort. He is, il SCENE, allowed to
exercise his own judgment as to the method
Of leaving.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

RTThe vacancies in Congress from Ohio,
in consequence Of the appointment OF Cor
win to Mexico and the election OF Sherman
to the Senate, will doubtless be filed with
sterling Republicans, as both Districts are
sound TO the core.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

ga young German died Of lock-jaw at
San Fuancisco short time since. He had
slightly panctured bis left hand amid the
muacles between the fore-fnger and thumb,
and thinking the wound Of littlsimport, neg
lected it until tetanus bad supervened.-
Death BY lock-jaw is terribls and nearly re-
sembles that from hydrophobia.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

CT Gen. Bragg, secession commander at
Pensacola, has issued proclamation for
bidding the sale OF supplies Of any kind to
the ships OF the United States 10 that vicin
isy.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27
Great Haul OF countcrfett Money.
Washington. March "a.

Defective Reese of Washington, has seised
and retains by order Of the court bogus and
counterfeit notes on twenty seven Banks,
amounting to $267 900, also plates, dies,
&c. The large packages contain the follow
ing $50 900 counterfeits on the bank Of
Augusta, Maine; So, 900 unsigned coun-
terfeits on the State Bank OF Ohio. The
dies were OF tens and one dollars, and two
and half dollars.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

G. Three members Of the Cabinet Cam
sron, Wells and Blair-havs worked at the
case ~ printers. These, With Vice Presi-
dent Hamiin, form Az illussrious quarsstts
Of typos.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

GTThs Washington Dispatch, a North
Carolina print, has published . series Of ar.
scles sho sing, in : most convincing manner,
that under the Consultation there is DO right
Of secessi 10, and that all the States, 10 form
ing the present Union, had expressly re-
nounced the right TO separate at pleasure
The writer takes strong ground 10 favor OF
the stric: enforcement and execution of the
laws BY the Federal G vernmens, a position
which be maintains with ss much spirit ms
any champion Of the Constitution 10 the free
States.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

TuRNiP JUICE WIHR.--A witness Ia csse
before the Gourt OF Sessions 1t New York, )
few days ago, disclosed the fact that the wins
which had been sold BY him while il the en-
ploy OF tho defendant, was made Of Whist 40
called "turnip juice" This vas "nsds y
sparkle BY gar from cifrioi and marble dust,
and then labelled champagne No wonder
that intemperate persons 20 often die pfsna-
tursiy.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

The officers Of the Treasury, with she A.
sistance Of experienced and abls advisers,
are now preparing the Instructions for ool-
lectors to execute tho new tariff. A strict
examination, thus far, satisfies thsm that oil
the allsgad difficulties Arc imaginary, and
only fabricated for the purpose OF producing
. clsnor. The Law can be as easily carried
out as any other which ever passed Congress,
and with more satisfaction to honest impor-
tiers, and the Custom House offcisls.-[N. Y.
Trb.
HAvK THEY PAssPoRrs?-M essrs. Yancsy,
Butler King and others, it 10 said, are going
to England and France TO negotiate recog
milton OF the Confederate States. But il may
be asked whether they will be permitted TO
enter France without = passport. To pro-
cure . passport they must swear they are
citisens OF the United States, which may
bother tho gentlemen little.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

Martin Van Buren, is the only individ-
usl who has filled the four highest positions
under tho American Governments. he has
been q. 8. Senator, Secretary Of State, Vice
President and President.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

HosDrxrrt ixrse~rsssrsr-Tws eesss-
ries ago, not one IN one hundred wore stock.
ings. Fifty years ago, not boy IN thous-
and Was allowed 20 ran at large ut night
Fifty years ago, not one girl in thousand
made . waiting maid or her mother. Won
derful improve ments In this wonderful age.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27
The.correspondent of the n. Y. Con

eT The-correspondens Of the n. 4. Com
mercai saws:
Among the applicants last week Was one
from young lady on the Hndsoc rivsr-a,
least SO report eays--asking an appointment,
for her lover as keeper Of light bouse,
promising that 10 the event Of the. appoint
ment being made, the two would Be united
and made happy, and she would sDist in st-
tending to the Government light. Of course
the appointment was ordered to be made
forthwith.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

VThe Manchester On. II. Mirror says
that many Republicans IN that State we're 90
disaffected Ut the news that Fort Sumter IL
to be evacuated, that they would not 60 to
the polls on Tuesday.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

Every day our importers Of foreign mer-
chandise arc receiving, by way Of New Or
leans, very considerable quantities OF goods,
DUTY FREE. The goods aro landed at the
port OF New Orleans no Custom House no.
tice in taken OF thfm-no bonds are execu-
ted for the payment Of duties on their arri-
val there and on many article the saving Of
one half the duty only would afford hand
somc profit. II this is to become rerma-
nent there will be an entire revolution ia the
course Of trade, and New York will suffer
terribly. Our merchants have enough capi-
tai 70 justify them 10 making their purchases
10 Europe, and'shirripg to New Orleans.
and in that city, because Of the difference In
the tariff, goods can be bought cheaper than
10 New York. With these advantages, we
shall be able to cell cheaper than any other
city in the Valley Of the Mississippi Est.
Louis Rep.
We should suppose that dusiable goods
ought to be subject to cou6scation and sale
tor non payment Of duties, wer4ver found.
How is III Il there no remedy for such q
state OF things II there be, it should be
resorsed to at once, at whatever cost, else
the powers Of Government might we'll be re.
garded as absolved and surrendered. Sooner
or later, il seems, that we shall have to sub
init to JEFF. hBvis or fight him. There can
be no middle course Of any long con.inu
ance, either under the present state OF things
* .s.e- &c saTss 8. psaov;u, separation
shall have been played out.
IN The election for State officers and
members OF Congress will take place in Con
necticut on Monday. The contest 10 regard
% as very close and doubtful, since ell fac
sions are united against the Republicans
who only carried the State last wear avsips
she combined opposition by Eve hundred ma
jority.
TIA member Of the New York Lcrisls
ture 10 TO be expelled for selecting eft
dollar bride. II be had accepted fft
thousand dollar hrbc there would no, hay
been tho slightest trouble abou. the matter
" presume. Things Of that character ar
sondaetsd on large scale in Albany, and
nan Who would copdescend TO the pess
nsannsss Of secepsing City dollars for hi
vots and inHasnee, finds no credit with ari,
tocrasis operation.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27
Good& sAenchAng -. Louis Free OF
Duiy.

(Sps ial Dispatch to the Gin. Gazette.
Secretary Chase received a Geographic dis.
patch to day from St. Louis, CONFIRMING tho
report that goods were arriving there free OF
duty. The mercantile community, Who have
been required to pay duty on their stocks, are
complaining bitterly that goods, supposed 70
have arrived 10 foreign vessels 1t New Or
leans, have been sent BY the Custom House
importers TO Sc. Louis, without requiring Of
them the payment Of duties. This Govern
ment will adopt measures for the payment Of
duties at St. Louis on all such goods in fu-
ture.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

REriRKD.-Mr. Andrew j. Stevens has re-
tired from tho position Of editor OF the Des
Moines Commonwealth. He will be succeed
ed as publisher by Messrs. Russell, Baus.
man Il Simmons. ---
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

AVlcrlM CT ACCIDENT Congressman Van
Wyck, VIII, Was recently assaulted in Wash
ington, has suffered many narrow escapes
during his lifetime. When a boy, residing
in Bloom 4bnrph. he fell into a we'll. head
foremost and was only miraculously saved
While riding on the HudsOn River Road, q
few years since, be, With other passengers
was preciritated into the North River. Two
years ago, while riding on horseback, during
. severe shower, he and his horse we're strucl
ssnseless by On electric shock. He bss evi
IDENTITY been preserved for some good pur
pose.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

The Canada brings news that Russia de-
Stree France to continue ito occupation OF
Syris: There had been IN insurrectiop ut
Warsaw, many lives we're lost, but oil was
quist sRsIn.
Francis ii will remain 10 Rome es long -
the Pope does. Spain has pronounced in ia
vor of the Pope's temporal power, and OPP
poses the transfer Of the Papacy to Jerusa-
lem.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

MALs.-A correspondent at Dover, Lee
county, writes us most feeling letter, show
ing by the facts that their "sufferings q in-
tolerable," that their mail matter, due from
Keokuk and other places by way OF MoDtross
on Tuesday, not unfrequensly comes week
after in the western mail by way Of Salem or
Pennington, and be requests us 20 state this
fact that tho error may be corrected. He
says there is q tr-weekly mailfrom Montrose
to Dover, leaving Monsrose on Tuesday,
Thursday and Saturday. Mail matter should
be sent accordingly.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

foiIoWlnR bevelofMeht OF new trUubI0:
The new Law of the Confederate States,
requiring steamboats, for sforeign" PORTS 10
tage out ciearances, went into effect yester
i6v. aud created no little excitement and
comment on tue wharf. The most important
feature of it seems to be the fee which the
Custom House official never fail to exact
The boats which found themselves compelled
to obey this new-fangisd regulation yester-
day were the Hannibal, Col. Kenneth, and +.
TaIchel for St. Louis. the Peytona for Louis
Vile, and the Era No. for Camden.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

ANNOUGE vlENTA.

We are authorized to announce L. COLE. Esq.,,
as candidate for City Recorder, Mt the ensuing
City Election on the First of April.
Marehi4d
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

G. Submission or no snbmission to the
people, il discussed BY the Southern papers.
All the Gre eaters want the State Conven-
tons TO swallow JEFF. Davis's Consultation al
once; the nodera,es want tho people to vote
upon 1t. ID New Orleans the Picay unc ur.
ges it's submission to popular vote; the Del.
ia and Others advise instant adoption. 80 that
no division NAV take place among the PEG.
pie. 1t il evident that the voters Of Louisi
ana would rerudiate the secession Govern
ment, but the conspirators will not give them
the chance.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

Three boats, the Des Moines City, Ad
Hine, and DesNoines Belle, are running reg
ulary between Ottumwa and Des Moinss ant
doing fine business in freight and passsn
gers. The river is in good navigable stage
Ottumwa Oou.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

ADVANTAGES or ADvEkrIsINo. An exchange
paper says that the leading partner in pub
fishing house, who WINS pushing bis advertise.
msnss during the dull season, being interro.
gated by the editor, 10 regard to his policy,
replied. The very time OF oil others 10
crowd, sir !; give u.s. tho field when few Cd !.
vsrtlsers occupy.it, and We care not how hard
the times are. It pays. " we'll at all times,
because We know how far to 70, but especial
" II pays us in times like the present, when
most Of the business men in our line have 10 :
ken their hooks out Of the water, thinking no
bites arc 70 be had. We are sAtis6d that no.
thing has kept us q constants run Of trade for
the last ninety days bat pushing our notices
through the dull season. -
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.

SELECT SCHOOL.
L. c. HAMILL will commence Select kchool
L.. in the Third Room of the Central building,
on Monday. April l4tb; for Session of 10 weeks.
TERsS s. 90.
No deduction made except in case OF sickness or
withdrawal. mch27d3ts
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

CT The Bonaparte case 10 not yet definite
~ settled; the court whose decision IL al
ready known il . lover ono; there are two
above il, and to each Of these Ia turn the
Baltimore BonapArtes are determined 70 car
TT their case. il il should be determined Ad-
versely to them. Whatever legal resnlt may
come Of ell this, there can be no doubt that
the legitimacy Of tho claim Of or country
woman and her desrendans. vill b. .etah-
lished in the eyes Of the world, and handed
down in history and this, after all. 10 the
important thing; is probably what they are
most anxious for. Mira. Patterson having
received assurances that oil her documensa
will be perfectly safe, has sent for further
proofs, and will leave them behind her Ia
April, when she ro.urns 10 this country.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27

BOOTS n ID r. HOES.
q A. DUKE and w. II. BARRETT having
-. formed partnership in the Shoe business
would ak STARE Of the public patronage and :
continuance Of the old custom OF the house.
We have concluded that In these hard times II is
40 disgrace to work. and both being practical work
men, Ne will devote ourselves to tho manufacture
q custom work, thus guaranteeing good 6ts and
honest erkmanship, aait IL cur interest to make
both.
We shall keep constantly on hapds we'll select
lev. DUKE &BAkKkTT.
Oct33d
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27
THE DAILY EVENING POST,


10 edited with especial reference to the wants OF
country readers ana besides al the articles VI gen.
eral interest pahiisbed 10 the Daily Evening Post,
couta ms complete digest OF the news If the day.
and Agricultural 20 lumn devoted 10 the interest
and instruction Of Farmers. 1t contains 40 kng
columns Of reading matter every week,
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1861-03-27
A His d Place.

The New York Custom House must be an
awful wicked place, IL We are to credit the
opinion Of Mr.. Congressman Sedgwick, of
New York. That gentleman recently re.
oeise3 a letter from clergyman, asking Mr..
SIS influence 90 obtain subordinate clerk.
ship IN the New York Custom House for his
son, youth he .shad never had occasion to
punish, and never knew of his being guilty
Of a falsehood; to which application Mr..
Sedgwick sent the following reply:
SYRACUSE, March, 1861.
Mr. DEAR Sra: If you have cot son who
won't lie nor steal. don't for CODE sake put
him in the New York Custom House. He
would coon lose those qualities there, and
get other habits not halt so virsuous. Still,
il you are inclined to put temptation 10 his
way, instead OF being careful and prayerful
that il be removed from him, will give him
letter, providing any friend Of mine 10 ap
pointed Collector.
Very truly your friend and the friend Of
your boy. @. B. SEDowicK.
The Texas Republican. [volume] (Marshall, Tex.) 1849-1869, 1861-04-27
THE LATEST.

80. -, =, ST
we are indebted 10 M f'A''a o' TUE '"'''''
port paily News Tor tue ioho"lngi
PnnspnrniA, April 22--lt !, reported tina.
the fscsidcn, has called for additional troops
from the Northern States,
The notice have seized n quantity Of contra.
hand ro63s directed to jackson, Miss.
II i rcported that the BaI,imorcans have de.
minded the surrender OF Fort Mciicnry. The
commandani r,p,icJ tha, he would fire on the
-, .'.,
Guy "''oi' i'e """'u ',"S" ,
II was also reported that Ten tad"alladef :
mansion. nineteen miles from Baltimore had
Leep lastrnyal
"e,n "csV"se" -, a., ~. o.., ..,a..s,
ny" 'H'h>Ss' AP'i' NC NV 'o.'' ~
population AZ meeting frsoi'e" W tehuV' .n,''
services 10 the Governor Tor the defence Of the
State
.,;.,, In, hoo, ealls3 for ,o.n;,b, IN
- "o''"s n"S Nv" V''n.u ~ ,s,,,'s,,,
adopt measures TO clear The city OF abolitionsss'
Two are already under arrest,
NEw YORK, April 22-1he seventh regi'
men, reached Annapolis sa'eiy'
NV ORLEANS. April ~ The tshawba
has arrived from Havana with da'es TO the isth
The reduction Of Fort Sump'er caused great
sensation, and almost Nh entire suspension OF
business.
The [. $, war vessel Mo~haws arrived a,
Havana on the 18Th The Empire City Was
also therc from Texas, with 500 troops.
Advices from Key West to the 9Th, state
that the A,ian,ic from New York. with troops,
was anchored near Triangle Shoals, on the 9Th
she communicated with Fort Tsyor. and len on
the An. hound to Sand Key The rowha.au
spmarcd of the harbor on the lath. and cx-
changed signals with the U. S. steamer Cruss-
der.
The Illinois wa. expected to garrison Fort Tyler.
Key IVES, barracks were snsased drilling ru".: fhs
aas , s'0'Sn. s"%"snS'ns p "ssp =. rs Tssias
has been appointed postmaster al Key West. The
city Of Key West was healthy
NV ,. APT, ..;onss !, sss n..,os. 10 .,.m
The Texas Republican. [volume] (Marshall, Tex.) 1849-1869, 1861-04-27

Tue FroArIxG BATTERY The following
description Of this battery. which has
done such signal service in the lombard.
mcnt Of Fort Sumter, adds soms interest
ing details u the descriptions previously
published. II will he remembered that
the Northern press generally Informed
their readers that on being launched Il
had immediately cspsised and . short
time after sunk. and few Of them thought
proper to contradict lie 10 gratifying
to their readers:
The St~eny Bsssery.--This il the cels'
bratcd floating or iron battery. Il wa
invented by the Cashier OF the Planters
and Mechanics Bank Of Charleston. Mr.
Stevens submitted the plan 10 Governor
Pickcns, but meeting with no encourage
ment there, he showed his plan 70 Ar.
Hatch, who interested the Secretary ol
War, Mr.. Jamison. in il, and he praised
the idea 80 highly, that Governor Pick
ems gave his consent to the erection Of 1t
His brother commands it. Here there
are three ColumbiadA. sixty.iour pound
ers; the front glsce 10 protected by sand
bags twenty feet thick. The doors for
the cmbrasures work by lever, which.
although mb.proof. can lie opened and
shut, through novel continuance. BY q
chain. These doors are Ave feet BY three
a half. The rat trap" Of this battery
AZ the place for tho reserves 10 called, "a
protected by sand bags fifteen feet thick
Here one hundred men can repose In per
feet safety. The roof Of this battery Il
covered with two layers Of the I pastssr
rail, which arc dovc-tailcd together. sst
closely pinned to the ibrinose pal~ettt
logs underneath. This whole battery Il
so unique and 10 strong. that doubles.
it il destined to rcvolutionize all the old
fashioned IDEAS Of Notifications.