Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1861-12-11

~ ss na year ending on tho 30th of June, 1861
ws Ssoo3oeoo q and the expenditures for the same
Bcb BsFbod vine psgsSng sS on Of the public
!reasufy on lst Of July. Of S2.35 oc5 So For the
hrst quarter of the financial year ending on the oth
OF Septenber 1861, the receipts from all sources in-
Guiding the balance Of the LIST of July were sl02 33
500 y, and the expenses SJS23g 7s 6s: leaving a hal
anee on the LIST OF October. 1861 al 81 .29211G IS
Estimates for the remaining three opnrtnrs or tba
year and for the financial wear of 1861 together wirh
his view OF ways and means for meeting the demands
10y the Secretary of tho Treasury.
II is gratifying To know that the expenditures made
necessary by the Rebellion beyond the rcsopr-
r"S OF the loyal people. and to believe that the same
patriotism which has thus far sustained the Ciovern-
men will continue 10 sustain it till peace and unnon
Sh;til again bless the land.
respectfully refer TO the report of the Secretary of
War for information respecting the numcraI strength
of the army and for recommendations having in view
an increase of its efficiency and the well being of the
various branches of the service entrusted L. MS care
1t gratifying to know that the patriotism Of the peo-
pie has proved equal to the occasion and that the
number Of troops rendered greatly exceeds the force
which Congress authorized to call into the field
refer with pleasure To those portions his report
which makes alluson the creciitabe degree. of DIS
cpine already attained by troops and 10 the ex-
cellcnt sanitary condition of the entire army.
The recommendation of the Secretary for an or
ization of the nit;t upon uniform basis is subject
of vital importance to the future safety OF the c0un-
try, and IS recommended to the serious attention of
Congress.
The large addition the regular army in conncc-
ton with the DETECTION that has considerably di-
mlnishcd the number of ItS officers. gives peculiar i'm
portancc to his recommendations for Increasing the
corps of Cadets to the greatest capacity tire Mill
By mere omission, presume, Congress has failed
Ia provide Chaplains for hos pts occupied by voluli-
teers This subject was brought 10 my notice and /
induced to draw up the form al letter one copy
Of which. properly addressed, has been delivered to
each of the persons and at the dates. respectively
named. and stated IN schedule, containing also the
form of the letter deter marked Al. and herewith
transmitted.
ties designated at the times respectively stated in the
schedule, and have labored faithfully there ever since.
therefore recommend that thcy be compensated at
the rates Chsplaus i'll the Army further sug-
geSting that general provision bc made for Chapans
to serve at Hospitals as well ~ with regiments.
The report Of the Secretary oi the Navy presents
in detail the operations "f that branch of the service
the activity and energy which have characterized its
administration and the results of the measures to in
crease its efficiency and power.
Such have been the additions 10y construction and
purchase that il may almost be- said NAVY has been
created and brought into service since our ittites
commenced. Besides blockadng our extensive coast,
sauadrons larger than ever bef5re assembled under
fag. have been put :Itloat and performed deeds
which have increased our Naval renown.
would invite special attention to the recommen-
of the Navy by Introducing additional grades in the
service. The present organization is defective and
Department will is believed if adopted obviate the
difficulties alluded to. promote harmony, and increase
the efficiency of the Navy. ...
There are three vacancies the bench of the Sii-
prelne Court; by the deccsse OF Justices Daniels
and Mclean. and one by the resignation of Justice
Cam pb"ll have so far fnrtornc making nominations
to fill these vacancies for reasons which will now
state: Two of the outgoing Judges resided within
the. ateS now uverrun with revolt aa that if their
successors were appointed the same localities hcv
could upon their clrcut. and many OF the
most competent men there probably would not take
the Bs~.Isa hazard Of accepting t. here,
upon tn" supreme bench. have been unwilling TO
throw all the appointments upon the N"rhward thus
disabling myself from doing justice to the South
the of peace. although IDay remark that 70
tray,-f fer ia the North Rch has hitherto been in
the South. wonld not, with reference t. territory and
During tie long and brilliant ulr.iY career Of Judge
Mclean. his circuit gr"0 INTO ~ cg3gIy" sC,gcthcr
large for any Judge t" give the courts therein
more, than a nominal attvHi anr". rising in population
from ,lI7uolS IL ls3n 70 ola! ta5 IL lstl. Besides
this the country generally htS outErJwn olIr present
irIdiciaI system Ii uniformity was at all intended
the system requires tha, All the states >dl be
modated with Circuit courts attended by Supreme
Judges while. in fact Wisconsin Minnesota Iowa
kprSas. Florida. Texas t$!lforni. aui Oregon have
never had any such Cpure- ...
Nor can tins well J." r"iredird without change "i
the system brc;,ISe In" aiding %. Judges u the St
pr"Inc Court, enough Tor The accommodation OF ali
court altogether too numerous tor judicial BODY "i
any sort Aud the evil, f he one, will incroasc A.
new States come into the onion Circuit Courts are
useful or they are not useful. If useful, 10 STATE
should bc denied them. Ii not useful no State
should have them. Let them be provided for all or
Three modification occur to me- either of which
think would be an Improvement upon our present
system. Let the Supreme Court be of convenient
number in every event. Then first, let the whole
country be divided into circuits of convenient size
the Supreme Judges 10 in q number of them
CORRESPONDING to their number and independent
Circuit Judges be provided for all the rest second
y let the Supreme Judges be relieved from Circu
duties and Circuit Judges provided for all the Circuits
or thirdly dispense with the Circuit Courts altogether
leaving the Judicial functions wholly to the Distrie
Court and an Independent Supreme Court.
/ respectfully recommend to the consideration o
Congress the present condition of the Statute Laws
with the hope that Congress Will he able 70 find an ea
sy remedy for many of the inconveneneies and ev
which constantly enharrass those engaged in tht
practical administration OF them Since the organl
zation of Government Congress has enacted SOM
FIVE thousand and Joint resolutions, which Sl nor
than six thousand closely printed pages and are scat
tered through many volumes.
MANY of these acts have been drawn in haste anC
without sufficient caution that their provisions ar
often obscure in themselves. or in conflict with eacl
other or ut least doubtful to render very dIfhcul
fjF even the best informed person to ascertain pre-
ciseiy what the statute law really IS.
II seems TO me very important that the stal
ute laws should be made as plain and intelilglDi
as possible and be reduced to as small compass
may consist with the flness and precision OF the Leg
i2auop and the perspcuty OF its l3nguaget I'M NE
well done, would, think, greatly facilitate the labor
of those whose duty II IS TO ASSIST IN the
tlon of the laws and would be lasting beneht to m
people by placing hafoEe tilefn. in more aeceptaoI
and inteIIigible form, the laws which so deeply con
Germ their interests and their duties am lnlorlne
by some whose opinion respect, that all the acts
Congress now in force. and of permanent and ger
eral nature might be revised and rewritten, so as
be embraced in one volume at most in two vo
uues of ordinary and commercial size, ana respecl
fully recommend to Congress to consider the gu sut y
eet and if suggestion be approved TO devise sue
plan as to their wisdom shall seem most proper 10
the attainment of the end proposed.
rection is the entire suspension, in many places OF
the ordinary means of administering civil Iusnce o. o
the officers and the forms of existing law ms Is Va
case in whole, or in part in the nsurgert States an
as our armies advance and take possession OF parts
| those States, it becomes moro apparent -.
There are no courts officers to which the cllZeh
of other States may apply for the enforcement OF the
lawful claims against the citizens nf the lnsurgel
/ States. and their vast amount of debt consttuun
such claims, have estimated at two hundred MI
lions of dollars due the large part from Insurgents
open rebellion, to loyal citizens who are even no
making great sacrifices in the discharge OF their pa
| riotIc duty to support the Government =.
| Under these circumstances have been urgently 81
cited to establish by military power Courts to admi
lister summary justice in such cases nave thus ~ -
declined to do it. because had any DOUBT that 20
end proposed the collection of the debts was pst an
right in itself, but because have been unwilling 70
| beyond the pressure of necessity, in the unusual e.
| ercse of power But the powers of Congress, su
pose are equal to the anomalous OCCASION ana ther
fore refer the whole matter Congress with the hoF
| that q plan may be devised foF the adm
justice in all such parts of the insurgent Ststes M az -
Territories rs may be under the control OF TINS Uo
ernment whether by voluntary return to aIlegianS