, 1861-04-05

::N]Dtcabo Urlputtf,
a1i%'o FRIDAY, April s, 1ba1.
THE TAkFFF AND .MANUfACTUR-
4 3 IN. ING IN CHzCAG0.i
- It is a selfevident proposition that q
people who produce and .ssll |more than
they buy become rich, while ((those,xha
pursue the opposite policy, become pobr.
Long since we learned The homely but ex.
presaive maxim from Poor Richards Alma
mac that "the. Indies never made Spain
rich because her outgoes were greater than
shersincomes." -. tt is plain thefefore, that
showever much our prairies may TEEN sFiitA'
abundance, and though our warehouses
which now in Che aggregate cover acres,
t-pe enlarged totembrace square miles, if the
people Of the West buy more than they
sse1l; theXeannot becomes truly itch and
prosperous community. = =:
Beyond question our last harvest, has
:. turned the balance oGtradedn favor of the
West; but in series Of years tit' may be
. doubted whether . merely agricultural
people make any very considerable gains.
Indeed the hisoryof the world has shown
that people with mixed pursuit ts, who mot
= only sell their surplus products bf the soil,
but have also q surplus of Their skin and
manufacturing industry to dispose: Of. be-
come IL very few generations both rich
and powerfll.f Look at the Immense drains
that must be made upon the pro Its of our
: last crop to supply US with those manufac~
-tared articles which ought to have been
produced here Take the simple article of
. boots and shoes We sell our hides TO
Eastern dealers at profit to them We
virtually psy freight, interest and ins,lr-
.ance TIL they reach the tanner among the
mountains OF. New England or New: York.
The cost Of tanning, interest," freight and
insurance are again added, till they reach
the manufacturers in New England. Not
only does the manufacturer add his profits
but commissions, insurance an i'd freight
must be added to the -four and provisions
: sent from the West to feed his q operatives; !;
and again, freight, commissions, interest
and insurance must be added on the uaanu-
factured goods, to bring them back to the
West. for consumption The same addi-
tions must be ;-ade to the cost! Of scores
: of other articles consumed at the. West,
and if the valley Of the Mississippi: were
not t11e richest portion of the Continent,
its people would Ion g. since have been
hopelesRly ruined Itis the -certainty that
these drains upon our prosperity are
to be stopped; that as Population and
capital have increased We are now to
/. add gradually but surely the manufacture
Of q large range Of goods, bothfor our OWE
market and for export that inspires so
much confidence among our far-seeing :bu-
siness men. -
:. 4 community that would become rich
and prosperous must furnish employment
for all its people In thus respect Chicago
offers special inducements to the manufac-
tare Of cotton and woolen goods: Our CON-
merce and our heavier manufactures fur
rish active and profitable employ ment for
tue men; but there are thousands Of women
and children now really consuming in idle
ness the wages of their husbands and
parents, who would most gldd1y add to
the comforts Of their homes, could they
find opportunities to Go it. Now suppose
our capitalists should combine small por-
ton Of their means to establish 8. cotton
and woo1cn factory, and in three or five
years the business should SO increase that
ten thousand Of these idlers could support
themselves and save say only thirty cents
per week. At the end Of the year they
would have in the savings banks $15,600,
and in Ten years the interest and principal
of these small savings would foot up to
very ne1rly, if not quite, $eo0,ooo. But
this il not all. Their husbands and fathers
would save vastly more than these profits
from their earnings, and the accu1nulations
fn the savings banks would be mt ch more
rapid than would at first appear from the
:. above statement, This shows Thy the
manufacturing cities Of the seaboard have
such immense amounts Of capital to invest.
It is accumulated from the small savings Of
the whole people. -,
Nor is this acquisition Of wealth all the
advantage our city would derive from en-
gaging extensively IN manufacturing. 1t
has come TO be common saying in New
England that one -factory is about as good
as five churches. Facts have abundantly
proven that wherever factories are estab-.
llshed, there churches, schools and lyceums
prosper, and it is not to be disputed that
no equal number of people in the same
:. relative station Of society are more pros
porous, intelligent and virtuous than the
operatives in the manufacturing towns of
New England.
And right here We deduce to us con-
vincing argument in favsr Of the tariff. It
will foster and originate By the protection
it will afford manufactures in Chicago.
Our immense surplus Of flour, grain and
provisions will be largely consumed here,
and the benefits conferred on this city and
the entire Northwest, no one man would
now dare to estimate. Our population and
our wealth would increase in a ratio here
tofore unknown IN all our former history,
wonderful as that history confessedly is.
The products Of the Lake Superior copper
mines for the year 1860 were equal to half
the entire amount of copper raised in Great
Britain, and IN half dozen years more, the
: yield Of tile Lake Superior mines will fully
equal that Of Crest Britain. Now why
should Ill this copper 60 by us to be man D.:
ufactured elsewhere7 Why should the
iron mines :of Lake Superior not
be made. to contribute immensely:
to the wealth Of Chicago. Why
should not the leaI mines SO near us lie
made to contribute still more to The growth
of the city, While the fathers and broth
ens are engaged II the more laborious and
expensive labcs ee transforming: The met
ais from crt.da ore into everything that
the highest cisi'ssasion can require, htthe 4
women and children, as far as may be, de.
vote themselves to khe manufacture of cot
ton and wcc.== goods. There is not at