New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1861-01-30
THE STATE OF EUROPE.
From Our Own Correspondent.

Ihe tfeneh heet has az i8st IelL OaeIa, anu
shout the time Of the elections for the Italian
Parliament We may hear Of the flight oil francs
ii. and the surrender Of his famous fortress. l.
was high time that such an event should COM,
if only to place the Cabinet Of Turin IN better
position, since the support granted by the
French Emperor to the ex-KiDg of Naples was a
.erious injury to the popularity of Count Cavour
and of the French alliance, while it gave strength
10 Garibaldi and to his independent policy, CEN
teripg all hopes exclusively upon Italy and her
resources. As to my personal views L side rather
with the hero Of Caprera than with the Diplo-
mats. of the Piazza di CASTILLO. STILL as al
the conservative and moderate portion OF Italian
society supports Csvour and implicitly trusts BIS
policy. a conflict with Garibaldi would lead to a
revolution; and Itay s not yet strong enough to
face at the same time O foreign war and civil
eommotionA Oavoar himself feels keeniy TINS
sritcaI position, and tries therefore to come to
terms with Garibaldi. But it is a difficult task,
aimee the hero without caring much for
<aiplomacy, insists upon beginning the war in
Spring The Government has sighted him az
Naples, removed all his friends from places of
trust. encouraged the disbsnding of his army, aud
epdeayored rather to concIiate the BourbOnists
than to lean upon the Garibaldans. Now that
Farini in Naples and La Farina in Sicily have
completely failed, the organs of the Government
preach peace and concord with Garibaldi, but
upon condition that he shall subordinate himself
TO Count Cavour and give up all his adventurous
plans. Napoleo, . fully satisfied that the coming
war cannot be localized, and must soon extend
beyopd the boundaries of Italy; but even he does
not feel strong enough for a great European con-
firt. and therefore gaze his instructions to Count
Cavour not to allow an attack upon Vensta or
auy Austrian province The most serious
difficulty would at once be removed could
the scheme of the sale of Veneha be car
ried; but Francis Joseph is stubborn. and refuses
10 listen TO the advice Of public opinion in France,
England, and Russia. Lord Palmerston blilt his
scheme of European Cancellation upon the suppo-
stion that Count Rechberg, the reactonary
Minister of Fereign Affairs could not maintain
his position while the system which be repre-
ssnted was abandoned as regards Hungary and
even the Hungarian Provinces. Count
Masdorf, the nephew 10 King Leopold OF Bel
gum and cousin to the Queen of England, was
10 supersede Count Rechberg, and 1t was known
that he favored the idea of O cession; but Rech-
beres position proved to be too strong for any
ntrigues to the contrary. He kept his post and
England now sees that it would be III vain to
propose solution SO strongly repugnant to the
tastes Of Francis Joseph that he takes it for
personal Insult. ts
How long this state of things may last it is
difficult to predict. The silent, underground war
between Schmerling and the Hungarian Ministry
on one side, and Rechberg and the baekstars
influences on the other, cannot cease before one
or the other party is completely defeated and
withdraws from. the contest. The Hungarians
win take advantage Of the situation, and put
themselves in possession Of all their rights, as
thew were determined by the laws of 1919. No
body pays taxes, and all the country waits an1-
iously for the meeting Of Parliament, which prob
ably is to take place on April ~ at Pesth
Should, in the mean time, war break out be
tween Austria and Italy, the Parliament vii
probably become revolutionary; should on the
other hand, Venetia be Sold or Italy keep her
peace, then we do not think a Cancellation be-
tween Austria, and Hungary to be impossible.
II Francis Joseph grants an independent Ministry
10 Hungary, be viii be crowned with the crown
of st. Stephen, and at last become the legal
Sovereign of Hungary.
The coming months are most critical for the
state Of Europe. Napoleon arms and recon-
mends Congress for settling the pending ques-
tons; England is uneasy; the new King Of Prus-
sia. William l.. declares in bis first manifesto to
his nation, that the confidence Of Europe IS
shaken; Bavaria prepares for war, and Austria
,s stll in the commissions Of financial and polt-
ical crisis. Russia, though deeply engaged IN the
immediate emancipation of the serfs, concentrates
an army on the Prutb, and threatens Moldo-Wai-
hchia with an invasion in case the Hungar ans
should try to organize an inrOad from the Prn-
cpalities into Transylyania. Prince Couza sud-
denly turns round and after having for time
favored tho schemes OF Hungary, proclaims now
the strctest neutrality, and expels the Hungarian
refugees. The Prince Of Serbia is likewise
frightened and no longer dares TO put himself in
opposition 10 Austria and Russia. But Bosnia,
Bulgaria, and Montenegro, are s.ih agitated, and
it is scarcely possible that the year 1861 VIII pass
away without serious connections in European
Turkey. Beside these greater questions, there
remains stin the squabble about Schleswig-Hol-
stein and the Constitution of Hessia, which may
be made pretext, both by Napoleon and Gar
Alexander, for disturbing the state of Germany.
j need not say that the American difficulties
greatly influence the money market and there is
an uneasy feeling prevalent that Europe is on the
brink Of great war or of revolution.