Daily Democrat and news. [volume] (Davenport, Iowa) 1859-1864, 1861-12-04


eminent cannot be perpetual In considering the
policy 70 be adopted, for expressing The insurrec-
zion. have been anxious and careful that the
Inevitable conflict for this purpose shall not de-
generate into violent and remorseless rcvolu-
t,ouAry struggle I have, therefore, thought pro-
per n keep the integrity Of the Union prominent
~ the primary object Of the contest on our part
leeving oil questions which are not oil vital mil
itaSy importance 70 the more deliberate action OF
the Legislature.
hered TO 4 blockade Of the ports held by the in
sursents instead Of putting in force oy psociama
ton, the law Of Congress enacted ~ the late
session for closing the ports also opeying tue
dictates Of prudence ~ Wen ., the ooiIgauons ~
lav instead OF transcending, | have adhered TO
the act Of Congress TO conffcate property used
for insurrectisnary purposes
II new law upon tho same subject shall be
proposed, its proprieiy will be duly considered
Tho [ Mon must be preserved, and hence al De.
fencible mean. must be employed. We should
not be in haste TO determine what radical and ex
treme measures, which may roach the loyal as
we'll ~ the di-loysl, are indispnsbie
The inaugural address, at the beginning OF the
Administration, and the message to Congress ~
the late special session, were both mainly devoted
b. the dom este controversy out Of which the IN
surcction and consequent war have sprung.
Nothing now occurs TO add 10 or subtract IRON the
principles or general purposes stated and expressed
in those documents. The last ray OF hope Tor pre-
sault upon Fort Sumter, and general review OIL
What has occurred since, may not be unprontab'e.
Wha. was IA nfully uncertain then IS much bet
ter defined and more distinct now, and tho pro-
grcss Of events is plainly in tho right dlrection
Tho insurgents confidently claimed q strong sup
port from north Of Mason Dixon's line, and the
friends Of the Union we're not Tree from apprehen-
sion on this point. This, however, was soon set
lied definitely, and on the right side. Sou'h OF
the line little Delaware led Of GIT from the hrst
A.. In IN gRAf "a u
our soldiers were as .aulted bridges were burned
and railroads torn up within her imits, ana We
were many days at one time without me abiiiJ
10 bring q single regiment over her soil 10 the
Capital Now her bridges and railroads are re-
paired and opened to the Government She al
ready ewes seven regiments 10 the cause vi the
tnion and none TO tho enemy, and her people at
regular election have sustained tho Union by
largo jority and Il larger aggregate vote than
they ever before gave 10 any candidate or any
question
Kentucky too for some time in doubt now de-
cideiy and unchangedly raHgci On the side Of the
onion. Miss0uti 10 comparatively quiet, and be-
iieyc cannO. again be overrvn ~ tho insurgents
These three States of Maryland, kentucky and
Missouri neither Of which would promise single
soldier AZ first, have now an ag ,rcgnte OF not less
than $1,000 in tho field for the Union, while Of
their citizens, not more than a third in number
arc among tae insurgents and they Of doubtful
where sbouts and existence.
Attcra somewhat bloouy struggle oI HoHths,
winter closes On tho Union people If Western ' r.
GINA leaving them masters Of their own country.
An in urgent force Of about ,5O0 tor mcn-hs
dominating the narrow Ienin'uiar region cons'i-
tuting the Counties Of Accomac and Northampton
and known rs tho Eastern shore Of Virginia. to-
gether with some contiguous parts OF Maryland,
have laid down their arms, and the people there
nave renewed their allegiance to and accepted tho
protection II the flag. This leaves no armed in
surroation north Of tho Potomac or cast Of the
Chesapeake. Also, We have obtained a footing at
zach ot tho isolate points on the Southern coast
Of IIattcras, Port Royal, Tybco Island near Sa-
vannah, and Ship Leland. and ve likewise rave
somo general accounts of popular movements in
behalf If the Union in Norti. Carolina and Tcnnos
These things demons lrn'e that the cause Of
the Union is advancing steadily Southwark.
Since your last adjournment, Lieut.. Gen. Scott
has retired from the head ot the army. During
his long life the nation has not been unmnlfu Of
his merit. yet on calling to mind how faithfully,
ably and brilliantly no has served tho country,
from a time fa- back in our history wnen few OF
the now living had been born and thence forward
continually, cannot but think that are still
hi. doctor. | snbmit, therefore, for your con.id-
Grafton, what further mark Of cPniton is due
TO him aud ourselves rs grateful people.
With the retirement OF Gen. Scott, came the
executive duty Of appointing in his stead a
General in Chief Of the army. 1t is a fortunate
circumstance that neither in council nor country,
was there, so far as l know, any difference Of
opinion n 10 the proper person to he selected. Tho
retiring Chief repeatedly ex ressed his judgment
in favor Of Mcclellan for the POSITION, and in this
the nation seemed to give unanimous concur
renee. The designation of Gen. Nc lellan is,
therefore, in a considerable degree, the selection
Of the country, as well a. of the Executive, and
hence there is reason to hope there will be given
him the confidence and cordial support, thus by
fair implication promised, and without which he
cannot with so full efficiency serve the country.
1t has been said that ono bad General il better
than two good ones and tho saying is true il takuE
Ia mean that an army is better directed by a
single mind, though Inferior than by two super
Tor ones Mt variance and cross purposes and the
same is true in all joint operations wherein those
engaged can have mono buta command in view,
and can only differ as to the choice of means. In
storm at sea one board can wish the ship
to sink, and yet not unfre quently all go down to-
gcther because too many will direct and no single
mind will be allowed u control. IL continues to
deveope that the instruction is argely,f not ex-
clusvely, a war upon the first principle Of Popular
government tho rights Of the people.
Conclusive evidence Of this is found in the
most grave and aturely considered public docu-
ments as we'll as in the general tone of tho insur
gents In these documents We find the abridgment
Of the existing right of suffrage and the denial to
the people OF all to participate in tho selection of
pub ic Ollie RS except the legislative body advo-
Gated with labored arguments to prove that large
control of the government in the people, is the
source of all political evil. Monarchy itself is
sometimes argued ss possible refugee from the
power of the people. In my present position |
could scarcely be justified, were to omit raising
warning voice against this approach Of desp pot
ism.
1t is not needed nor fitting here that general
argument should be made in favor of popular in
situations, but there is point with its connec-
fions not so hackneyed az most others, to which
ask brief attention 1t is tho effort to place oan-
tai on an equal footing with, if not above labor in
the structure Of government. 1t is assumed tn at
abor is available only in connection with capital
that nobody labors unless somebody else own ng
capital somehow, by the use OF it, induces him to
labor. Thus assumed, it is next considered wheth
or it is best that capital shall hire laborers, and
thus induce them to work by their own cause, or
buy them and drive to it without their consent;
having proceeded so far, it g naturally conclud ed
that all aborers are either hired laborcrs or what
we call slaves. And further, it is assumed that
whoever is once a hired labOrer is fixed in TIL
condition for life. Now there is no such relation
between capital and labor, assumed nor is the re
any such thing as freeman being fixed for life in
the condition Of hired laborers Both Of these as
SYMPTOMS are false, and all differences from them
are groundless.
Labor is prior to and Independent of capital
Capital ia only the fruit Of labor and never could
have existed if labor had not first existed. Labor
IS the superior Of capital and deserves much the
higher consideration. Capital has its rights
which are as worthy 81 protection as any other
rights, is it denied that there is. and probab
always will be, relation between labor and CAM.
tai producing mutual benefit. Z he error is in as
Stunning that tho whole labor Of q community ex.
ists without that relation. A few men have capi
tai, and that few avoid labor and with their capi.
tai hire or buy q few to labor for them. A large
majority belong to neither class neither work
Tor others nor have others working for them.
In most of the Southern States a majority 81
tho people OF all colors neither slaves nor mas