The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1861-11-25
THE NEW YORK SUN
MONDAY MORNING, NOV. 25, 1861.



strongly recommends its perusal to its readers.
1t says that it will cease to assert that cotton
cannot lie cultivated without the negro and IN
proof cite, information contained in the publica-
ton. First addressing Il own readers, as to
pcru,al Of the work, it saysi
They will. we feel certain, commence the
task still more readily five tell them that the
pamphlet is a simple busincss-likc productions
that il has no illusions to the GLORIOUS eagle Of
our common country, which sOar- above the
Alleghanies with a thunder bolt in its mouth
and all earthquake in it. claws; that IL contains
only one reference to the American coustitu
ton and that one slightly contcmptuous; that
nothing j. said Of the inherent superiority Ot
Republican institutions; AMI that, in short IT {.
a. little like an American pamphlet ~ vigo'ou
common scnsc, sound judgement and good toni
per can make IL. The writer starts With the
belief that the war mus eud ia emancipation
torCible or gradual, and accepts at once thr cN.
trcmest consequences oi that grand result. llr
does not himself believe that the free black,
will cease to work, for they must live. nnl a.
the proportion Of colorcl plupcrs AMI crimn-
ais to the cOlofc1 population in Boston and New
York Is only about half oi tha Of the whites,
he naturally does not imagine that they " III re-
sort tu crime. but he accepts the EXTREMIST
view that prejudice can suggest, aud argues ss
if all back mon Wcrc irr'dccmably lazy, and
would, on emancipation, live, Ike Cary ylc's
enemies, the black hhoter og Jamaica "up 10
their ears in squash Aud even then cotton
will be produced still cheaper than OF oli.
coer or SLAVE LABOR.
The cost OF each negro TO the planter, as
things stand, j. now pr auuum!
Interest on good field hand,
value - 500, At X rcr ccnt...., sl20 90
Insurance per Ccrt............. 10 90
rood, duthing, medicine, dud hos-
tUtal tTput ~ M
$40 0O
Thi, account ch,r,cs th' rate OF interest
planters actually pay for money, and assumes
The highest value for q good ,llyc, but omits all
mention Of negro houses, repairs to buildings,
co.t OF tools, salaries Of oyrriccrs, sallrics Of
white men 10 do the skilled labor, the keep Of
the Young, the maintenance ui the old, and the
loss of interest ON all except ahlc-hOIied hands
and breeding women. II shows that every
abc-bOiicd slave cost, twenty dollars a month,
or tweuty-twO shilliugs wcck-au income
which would he wealth to the two mill
lions OF ablebodied mean trash, OF sufficient 10
attract the unslilled lboring class Of the North
or 10 draw over hosts Of eInigants II II, how
ever, not half the rate the planter can afford
to pay. By the universal consent Of all parties,
stakeholder, included, one white man, without
an oyersocr, does the work three slave, can ar-
complish with one. Taking that statement TO
uc cnlv twU-thluls ttuc--tnd It makes ~ ac-
count of the colossal loss sustained through thc
hahitual wastcirlncss nj four millions OF slaves
tho planter could still pay As. . week, and,
with cotton at 81. q pouid, still flourish AID
grow rich. II is usylcss to as,uic uI thg white
trash will not work. They will no. without
| pay or on the wrcichcl soil TO which the mo-
| nnlolv of good hnl hv the great Ilm'or. con.
! drnns them but they work hard enough IN the
! free state. Admitting, however, even that cN-
traotdinaIy III oil Oh the South, there remains the
I 4 Al. al. s.1ss 49, d "a
equal to the ordinary profit Of gOld-digsins and
prosper
WHITE MIN CAN WORK At TtIE SOUTH.
But, granting the wages, il is said white mcr
cannot work at the South. The plain answer I,
that fallacy is, that they do do it that in th'
extreme South there are ut this hour eight hun
dred thousand free whites, over fifteen year o.
agc, exclusively engaged In out-oi-dloor agricl
tura labor. Ths exact numbers are -
mG,ngia.... $1,000 Iouisian,.... 25,OoO
Adams. 5000 Tennessee. .l32,OoO
Mississippi. $4,000 Eurdn...,,.. 5000
Tex,s ..'.. 5000 Arku,s.,s..... $1,000
south CoruliuJ.....,.. $1,000.
And they 10 not die Of il. Some OF the cities
of the South full Of vice aud open drains, are
indeed fatal to health, but the cotton lands are
unsurpasscd for saluhrtv, and the deathrltc is
lower among whites than blacks. The land re-
quired for cotton culture is Light, sandy loan,
easily worked, the ploughing being done with .
HNt plough draw Nv one or Two lnllltS NJ 'lllth
walk the cultivation simil r to that Of corn, and
az capable of being carried on by improved ma
chiucry instead of the universal hoe now used
by the slav, :. The space required for each plant
varies, according to the richness Of the soil, hut
bv July lst the ground is fully covered. During
the period Of extreme heat little attention IL re-
auircd and while northern lahOTcrs are swetcr-
ing in the bayfield, under a sun as Intense as in
the South, the cotton-planter merely watches
the growth of the plant, The work OF picking
requires nimble fin GERS and the close attention o
all hands men, women, and children. II is con-
tinued through the cool autumn, aud in favor
| able seasons far into the winter. One Ol the
great drawbacks TO slave cultivation is the want
OF more dense population, from which to draw
an extra force during the picking season, ant
fields white with unpicked cotton are not seldom
ploughed up to make ready for the planting O
the new crop This would not occur under tn
small allotment system Of free labor.
HOW PROFITABLE CROPS cAN DE RAISED.
IT, then the white man can work on cotto
lands as safely as a black man, and the plante
can afford wages certain 10 attract Tree Lipor
what inperils the cotton We shall bc aske'
4 where the planter il TO get capital to pay wages
, , aud we answer ju-t where he getsit nov iron
the CO ni-fictor, who now helps him TO buy tn
black whose cost amounts to lair wasrs. mr
, Atkinson may well demand the eNtento1 d
freedom over -o 40 attractive 10 the einiSrl'
| population ~ the NORTH lake ln' 'h'' W
man--a real case-Who recently settled IN IeN
A., and determined TO grow cotton for himself
lie had two sons, no slaves, no servants an
only a little land, but he raised twcuty-tw
!, bales, or sav 10000 pound, Of cotton, vtlu
= ~ coo. besides his food. In other words h
T made a profit Of $3.50 wear. That !. not pr
! cisely the prospect at which a keen Yankee Ia
horer or industrious German emigrant !, In tn
smallest degree likely to -neer. And this Gro
was raised on new land, with no buildings, an
only settled ju,t as wheat land j, settled by til
: cmiqants. o..
: We have said nothing whatever Of the di
= ference in product TO be caused by better agr
culture. 1he southern planter scarcely uses I'll
: plough and breaks new land 20 avoid manure
d lie waste, a third Of his crop, the seed, whc
give, excellent soap and most valuable oil, mn
= OF scientific procresses he never hears. Mr. Al
D kin.on enters into all these details, but we pr,
IT fer the broad simple facts which contain
a themsolye the whole case viz; that the plan
y cr now pays for slave labor wages which wou
I" attract tile white and that the white ms
- could work as aiey as the black on the cote
Z lands.
Il We must make one more extract from Alr.A
~ kiuson. It l., dry column OF figure, but II
IA nevertheless worth cur-ory glance from tho
2 who believe SLAYER, to he worst an evil necc
- slty;