Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1861-02-01
POLITIC AL.
From the Eastern Aryu. of Feb. "a, 1919.
Mr.. Calhopn's Address.--.No. 5.

California and New Mexico, as uncon.titu.
tional, and that, consequently. all action
having tha, tendency, either by Congress or
the people, is an iniraction Of the iunda-
mental Law. as we'll as tho rights OF the
South.
II is not our purpo.e to enter into the ar-
sumcnt upon this 'uhre,. !, has been ful.
ly discussed. and settled by the Northern
people. II We mistake not, seventeen Leg.
isla,ures have .olemnly expressed themselves
in favor OF free territory and among these
Maine, by early and repeated action, stands
pre-Omincnt.
Mr. Calhoun. however, has presented Ger.
tain reason. agains, the measure, and We
purpose to tee, the strength OF some OF his
positions.
The following |. BIZ. main proposition
" ia, Federal Government has no risM 10
,ri,rd or rSsirici ,idroy."
But the South have iorecloscd themselves
aeain., th. position by their action in at
lca., three distinct instances.
ls,. When Missouri was admitted into
the Union in lsa0. Z" the provisions OF the
ordinance Of l7S7 as Mr.. Calhoun ad.
mits in hi. adlrcss-verc applied to all
the territory acquired by the United States
from France, under the treaty OF Louisiana,
lying north of 80 deg 30 min. e,ccp, the
portion lying in the State OF Missouri"
This va. compromi.c agreement, Prt''Hicd
By ihs SJuih and adopted by the North. by
:, slavery vas " restricted" north Of 30
deg. 30 min.
IL. Tho admission OF Texas was settled,
Iy he ooHs,ni Of hS SJuih, in the same
mode. The Missouri Compromi.c line was
extended from its terminus on the Western
bouniary Of the Louisiana purchase to the
Western boundary OF Texas. Slavery was
+" restricted " north OF that line.
81. The Oregon Territory bill " r,S'rici-
ID slavery thccfrom. The S'gih ooH''Hi-
"a. and the pre.iden, signed 1t, accompa.
nIel WIN an 'AnlWA'lOu'
Thu. it arrear. ,ha, tbs South h1. nc.
knowledeei. by IFS own action, the rrdrir.
nr. power Of Congress.
The terri,or,e. Of the United States be-
long to all-,he South aud the North equal
ly. But It is grave question whether the
former shall exclude the latter from the en-
pymen, Of this common property by the
introduction Of their obnoxious and pecu.
larry local institutions. |, |. y "6,ed
fact" ,ha, FREQ labor will no. consent TO
competition with slave labor. II, therefore.
the South introduce slavery into California
and New Mexico, they virtually take eI.
elusive possession. I. thi. cquitabe'
I One more number will close this series.
We think we have repellci, successfully,
the charge. Of northern aggression upon
southern rights. Nt any rate, IL any one
should think otherwise, our columns are
open TO reply.
Bu, tins charss. which has been so di.
rce:ly presented aeain', the free States, Is
IN truth poin,edly applicable to those who
make il. The erv Of "s,oP thief, some.
time, issues from the throat Of the criminal
himself. Le, US raise corner Of the cur.
tain tha. shuts out the past, AID see what
rcminisceucc- may present themselves.
l. The inriolabiliiy OF the mail 10 nat
ural right. Ye, we see bill pushing its
way through the Senate of,he United States,
giving to every Southern postmaster the
power TO break seal.-rcvel upon the "a.
credne.s OF private, confidential eorre.pood.
ence-and commit, 10 the flames such u. do
no, please hl. taste. We see committees OF
vigilance sitting in the pOs,.Otsce.. aud aid.
ins the !aithless ofs,ials IN this vile busi-
ness, even ,riiiou law.
.. Article ), section .. Of the Cou',i,u.
ton Of The United States reads thus: Z" The
citizens Of each State shalt he entitled TO
al prir,iec,s and imm.Hi,ic, Of eih:eHs ~
he sercrai Sdie,." Nov We have in tho
North thousands Of colored ci,ireas, who,
IL they travel South, are forthwith seized,
imprisoned, aud very oiten sold into slavery
} 20 pay their Jail fees. There are certain
" compromises OF the Constitution f" in
which the North have an interest. The
provision We have quoted is Of that class.
More sill. Even white citizens have been
lynched, mobbed, murdered by southern
rutianism, while peacefully passing through
the slave States, simply because they wero
suspected Of opposition to the Institution.
The history OF the las, eighteen years to ems
with such ou,rases. Oar readers have not
forgotten the treatment received by Hon.
Samuel lIoar, Of Massachusetts,, while in
Charleston. South Carolins. lie went
there, duly authorized by the citizens Of
Massachusetts,, to protect, IN b:a! mode.
the rights Of the :Olorei citzens OF his
State. lie fairly made known his object.
I, was TO carry the frs, case ths, occurred
70 the United States District Court. and
from heDce, on appeal, 10 the Supreme
Court at Washington. Ills purpose was,
in beha'i Of Massachusetts,, to ascertain tho
,Iad hmn Of the power Of the slave States
over the free citizen. Of the North. But this
Issue they would not allow him. lie was
driven isnominiously, aud with threats. by
the city authorities, homo again. Those
very men who are loudest in their denunci-
a,ions Of the North for alleged +" infrao-
tons upon the Constitution. did no. hesi.
tate to commit bold ilfrsction upon the