Union County star and Lewisburg chronicle. [volume] (Lewisburg, Pa.) 1859-1864, 1861-01-25

main for the general purposes Of peace and
war, commerce, inland aud foreign, postal
Communications at hcme and abroad, the
care aud disposition of the public domain,
colonization, the organization aud admlss-
lou of new States, and, generally, the en-
iargemept OF empire, one nation under our
present. Constitution, than 1t would be to
divide themselves into separate COnieders-
cies or States?
One Country and One People,
Our country remains now as 1t was in
1877, composed not of detached and dis
tsnt territories, bat Of one whole, we'll
connected aud fertile region, lying within
the temperate zone, with climates and soils
hardly more various than those of France
or Of Italy. This slight diversity quick
ens aud smplfies manufactures aud conn
merce. Our rivers aud valleys, as impro-
we'd by art, furnish Us system Of ileh-
ways unequalei in tie world. The diii.r-
eut forms OF labor. If slavery were not
perverted to purposes Of po.i,ical aubitiou,
need not constitute au element Of strife IN
the Confederacy. Notwithstanding recent
vehement expressions and manifestations
OF intolerance 10 some quarters, produced i
by Intense partisan excitement, we are. IN
fact, homog eneogs people, chiefly Of Que
stock. with scce-sious well a>simIisted.
We have, practically, only one language,
one religion, one system CT soEerument,
and manners and customs common 10 all.
Why, then. shall we Dot remain hence
forth as hitherto, one people?
Objects If Goge5ameh.
The frs, otjec, OF every human society
is safety or security, for = hich, If need be,
they viii, and they must, soerfce every
other. TINS security is of Two kinds-
one, exemption IRON foreign aggression
and influence the other, exemption trom
domestic tyranny aud sedllIon.
Foreign wars come from either viola
tious of treaties or domestic violence. The
Union has, thus far, proved Itself ~ al
most perfect shield against such wars.
The Uuiied States, contiuuaiiy enlsrging
their diplomatic acquaintance, have row
treaties with France, the Netherlands,
Great Britain, Sweden, Prussia, Spain,
Russia, Denmark, Mexico, Bfazit, Austria,
Turkey, Chill, Sllm, Muscat, Ieuezaeia,
Peru, Greece, Sardinia, Ecuador, Hanover,
Portugal, New Grenada, Iiesse Cassel,
Wirtemburg, China, Bavaria, Saxcny,
Nassau, Swi'zerlaud, Meckleuburg- Sch
weriu, Guatemala, the Hawaiian Islands,
San Salvador, BOrneO, Costa Rica, Peru,
Bremen, the Argentine Confederation,
Loo,Choo, Japan, brunswick, Persia, Ba-
den, el.ium aud Paraguay. Ncverthe-
less, the United States, within the entire
existence uad-r the Federal Constitution,
have had tlagrdut wars with only four
States, two OF which were insignificant
powers on the coast Of Bar6sry, aud have
had direct hostiires, amounting to repri-
sails, against only two or three more; sud
10y, are rev at peace with the whole
into only two confederacies, each OF them
would need to make as many treaties as
We have now aud, of course, would be
liable to give as many causes ct war as we
DO now. But We know, from the sad ex-
perience of other nations, that disintegra-
ton, ouce begun, inevitably Continues un-
I'll even the greatest empire crumbles into
many parts. Each confederation that
sbal, ultimately arise out OF the cnlon,
will have necessity for as many treaties as
We now have, sGd will Incur liabilities for
war as often as we now do, by breaking
them. |, is the multiplication of treaties,
and the want of confederation, that makes
war the normal condition of society in
Western Europe and in Spanish America.
II is union that, Notwithstanding our world
vide intercourse, makes peace the habit OF
the American people.
Common Satey in Union.
Mr.. President, no one will dIspnfe our
forefathers' maxim, that the common safe
" Of all is the safety Of each # the States.
While they remain uni'ed, the Federal
Government combines ali the materials
and ali the forces of the several States ;
organizes their defeuces on one general
principle; harmoulzes and ass'mlla'es
them with one system watches Tor them
with a single eye, which II turns ID all di-
rections, and moves all agents under the
control of one executive head. nation
SO constituted is safe against assault or
even insult War produces always spec
dy exhaustion of money, and asevere strain
upon credit The TREASURES aud credits
of small coufed-racies would often prove
INADEQUATE. Those Of the Union are al
ways ample.
have thus far kept out of view the re-
la,ions which mus, arise between the con
federacies themselves Tbey would be
small and iDconsiderable nations, border
ing on each other, aud, therefore, accor'
ding to all political philosophy, natural
enemies. In addition TO the many treaties
which each must make with foreign pow
ers, and the causes Of war which they would
give by violating them, each of the eonied
eracies must also maintain treaties with all
the others, aud SO be liable to give them
frequent ofFeuce. They would necessarily
have different interests resulting from
their establishment OF different policies oI
revenue, of mining, manufactures, and
navigation, of migration, and perhaps The
slave trade. Each would stipulate with
foreign nations for advantages peculiar to
itself and injurious to its rivals.
II, indeed, it were necessary that the
Union should be broken up, it would bs
10 the last degree important that the new
1 l. a1 lh IN a