Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1861-07-10

bic privilege of suffrage stands exactly the same
under both Constitutions. Neither contains aSy-
thing like property qualification or any ether limit
alton upon suffrage.
p United States Constellation I Sec. 2.
s. Representatives and direct Taxes shall be ap-
portioned among the several States which may be
included within this Union, according to their
spectiVe Numbers, which shall be determined by
adding to the whole Number Of free Persons, in
GLIDING those bound to Service for Term of Years,
and excluding Indians not taxed, three hfths of all
other Persons.
Confederate States Constellation / Sec. 2.
3. Representatives and Direct Taxes shall be ap-
portiened among the several States, which may be
included within this Confederscy according to their
respective numbers, which shall be determined by
adding to the W hole number of free persons nelu-
ding those bound 10 service for term of years, and
excluding Indians not taxed three-hfths Of all the
slaves.
The difference between these sections simply con-
sists in employing the word Confederacy instead of
Union, and in using the word Slaves, in lieu of the
less expressive phrase, "othsr persons" The mean
ing Of this latter term was the subject Of much
controversy in the old Constitution. One side to
the controversy held that it meant slaves the other
stouty maintained the opposite opinion. The Su-
preme Court of the United States agreeing with the
former, expressly adjudged that correctly inter-
preted, it meant SLAVES This did not end the dis
pute 1t continued with increased bitterness, and
the most unhappy consequences. Profting by ex-
perience, the trainers of the Confederate COnsti-
tuition. discarded the controverted phrase, "other
persons and substituted that of slaves, in order to
preclude in future the possibility of two construc-
TONS All will concede-the wisdom of this amend
ment
United Stqles C0nsliGdiOn-Art. l, Sec. 2.
5. "The House of Representatives shall choose
their speaker and other officers and shall have the
sole power of impeachment
Confederate States Constittstion-Art. l, Sec. 2
8. The House of Representatives shall choose
their speaker and other officers and shall have the
sole power of impeachment; except that any jndi-
cial or other federal officer resident and acting
solely within the limits Of any State, may be i'm
peached by vote of two thirds or both branches
of the Legislature thereof.
The power here given to the Legislature of a
State to impeach Confederate officer is depar-
ture from the old Constitution. Experience may
show its wisdom. 1t designed to enable the peo-
pie of State to remove an officer who may be
guilty of mpeachabIc offences without waiting for
the action of Congress.
ONleu StGteS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS L, Oec D.
l. ''The Senate of the United States shall be COM
posed of two Senators from each State, chosen by
the Legislature thereof for six years. and each SEN
ator shall have one vote.
Confederate States Constiutioa-Art l, Sec. g.
/. The Senate of the Confederate States shall be
composed of two Senators from each State, chosen
for six years by the Legislature thereof az the reg
ular session next Immediately preceding the CON-
Of 10 pqp
tor shall have one vote.
The Senate was intended to be permanent and
continuous body and hence the proprety of the al
iteration requiring the election of Senator's to be
made at the regular service of the Legislature next
preceding the commencement of the term of service
Uniled States COnslitution-Art. l, Sec. 5.
Each House may determine the Rules of its Pro
ceedings, punish its Members for disorderly be.
haviour, ane, with the concurrence OF two thirds
eXpel Member.
Confederate States Consiita!iOn-Art l, Sec. 5.
2. Each House may determine the rules of its
proceedings, punish its members for disorderly be-
havior and, with the concurrence of two thirds OF
the whole number, expel q member.
The alteration in this clause was necessary il
order to remove all doubt as to the number of votes
requisite for the expulsion of a member.
United States COnStitutioH-Art I, Sec c.
No Senator or Representative shall, during the
time for which he elected, be appointed to any
civil Office under the authority of the United States
which shall have been created, or the emoluments
whereof shall have been increased during such
time and no person holding any Office under the
United States, shall be a member of either House
during his continuance in Office.
Confederate States C0nStihRion-Art. l. Sec. 6.
2. The same as the above with this addition:
But Congress may, by law, grant to the principa
officer in each of the Executive Departments sea
upon tue floor of either House. with the privilege
eff discussing any measures appertaining to hi:
department
This may prove, in practical legislation, to be
valuable amendment. 1t viii enable members Of
Congress to scrutinize with more effect and success:
the policy and acts of administration, from hav
ing the benefits of personal examination OF it
Cabinet officers. 1t will also enable the Cabine
officers to give such explanations Of their Offcia
acts as will be more satisfactory than when giver
only in their reports.
United States COasiitAi0r-Art. I, Sec. Z.
.. Every bill which shall have passed the House
of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before i
become a Law, be presented to the President o.
the United States if he approve he shall sign it
but If not he SHALL return it, with his objections Il
that House in which it shall have originated who
/
and proceed to reconsider 1t. If after such recon
sideration two-thrds of that House shall agree Il
pass the BILL it shall be SENT together with the OBJ
ectiOns to the other House. by which it shall like
| wise be reconsidered, and If approved by two
| thirds of that House, it shall become Law. Blu
in all such the votes OF both Houses shall be
| determined by yeas and nays, and the names o.
the persons voting for and against the bill shall
| be entered on the Journal of each House respec
| tivelv If any bill shall not be returned by tbs
President within ten days Sundays excepted) after
il shall have been presented to him, the same shall
| be q Law in like manner as If he had signed it
unless the Congress by their adjournment prevent
its return, in which case it shall not be Law.
Confederate States COnstit,diOn-ATt. 1. Sec. Z.
The same as the foregoing y 18th this exception:
The President may approve any appropriation
and dsapprove any other appropriation in the same
bill. In such case he shall in signing the bill, de-
signate the appropriations disapproYed, and shall
return a copy of such appropriations, with his OBJ
iectons to the House in which the bill shall have
originated ard the same proceedings shall thensbe
had as in the case of other bills disapproyed by the
President.
This will be found in practice to be wise amend
ment Under the construction Of the old eonstltu-
ton The President was often constrained to approve
bills containing large appropriations when portions
of them we're of doubtful eXpediency or cOnstItu-
tionality because he could not disapprove part
without defeating the whole bill; and because such
result would prove embarrassing to the operations
of government. This amendment furnishes CONS
pete remedy and will enable the President to pro-
tect the treasury against much bad legislation.
United States COnslihdion-ATt. l, Sec. s.
The Congress shall have power
l. To lay and collect taxes duties, imposts and
excuses to pay debts and provide for the common