The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-02-15

The steamship New York left Southampton on Tuesday
January 20. She brings ss2 900, f9,sso and 81 600
rsncs in specieover 500 900 in all The specie list Is
distributed az follows
Sesm,th sons. 80. f2ol5 ". IL Rversmith IS ,41c
Bunge Burlage Co. 5000 f. 7. Aschmann Co. l0, l30
H Il Vi s,onc. SO Antonio Cokino So s25f
Bank Of OommeToe. 1000 John L. Hyde Sons. 40
rappan Starbuck 30 ,OOOf
Cabinet Council was held ON Saturday at the oIicA
residence Of Lord Palmerston m Downing street.
The Growth and Prosperity OF the Ameri-
can Republic.
from the London Times, Jan. 2S.l
IL the dissolution OF the United states should
be actually consunmated ts citizens will enjoy singh
lar opportunity OF contemplating, at the very crisis Of
their destnes the magnitude and spendor of the po
cal fabric which they have just destroyed The year Of
the secession also the year of the census. At the
moment that the federal government was receiving the
ENJOYS INDEPENDENT Carolina II receiving also the
population and progress from the several
Of tho Union For the eighth time only since the
origin Of the ooniede acy and e, for the last time per-
its people II has numbered and classified its citizens
its gains put its growth upon record and now
II IL will die in blaze. Its progress has out
stripped the speculations of its rulers Ten
years ago. the taking of the seventh census,
Americans down calculate the probable numbers
OF the population in 1850 just as thrifty trader on ba
iancing his accounts viii indulge himself 10 computing
the prospective accumuations Of such surplus AZ he
has just discovered. They made out that the United
States would contain at the period which has now arrvei
aggIe gate population OF 81 095 535 Tie reckoning
has actually been verified and with little to spare.
The numbers are 81 ,374 $50.
NothiIg like growth has been witnessed in
the old Of Europe. Tho increase during the de-
cade has been upwards OF 900 Coo the per centag thr
tyave Our own country has made great strides con
show such per censge OF increase in very rare in
stances upon insignificant areas and under special
dtions Oh all the counties of England and Wales two
only during the present century have grown at this rate
and those are the contiguous shres of Monmouth and
Gamogan In the year 1901 they contained 1l6 600 eo
pie. They now 400 900, and Merhyr Tydvi
can probably for good deal of the result The
groes increase however, of the entire population
like thirty live per cent in decade in fact, was
never haf as much Al the last It between
twelve and thirteen cent for the whole OF Great Br
tain. In q few months time shall again be able to
survey progI but it will certainly not approach
American rate, however satisfactory 1t may prove
The statistics Of tho provincial returns in
cascs nerecy astounding Not only single cities bat
whole have actually doubled their numbers and
Chicago has all but quadrupled its population In 1850
contained less 80 0C0 inhabitants contains
nearly 0OO The State OF New York has increased BY
about OOO Pennsylvania by coo 0O0 Massachusetts,
by 400 900, Illinois by little short Of million In
the Northwest the progress has been extraordinary.
The three sates OF Michigan WISCONSIN, and Iowa hardly
contained between them more inhabitants in 1850 than
VISIONS alone contains al tho present time Iowa. IN par
tcuar had population OF 1872 2li in 1850 whereas
numbers its 36 souls The Americans carry into these
reckonDgs spirit OF rivalry which Is quite amusing.
They poll their populations they do their Gle ors and
lock for the Of the euumerators do for the
declaration the Mayor the day after tremendous
contest between whg tory The recent census hap
pened TO place Gin jinnati 19 below St. Louis the
great national poll Its citizens protested against the
return, demanded scrutiny, and instituted private
Of their to test the official figures. Their
proceedings resulted in decisive victory They disco
vered that they had been moderated by IL 233 nha
btans, and pulled down accordingly the majority OF ST.
Louis with good 8, 900 10 spare.
i viii not surprise any one TO learn that the southern
States lott by the Northern IN these stalls
tca but the contrast not quite so strong as appears
10 be at first sight The southwest makes progress just
the Northwest docs and for the reasontha the
push Of the whole population 10 westward Still Penn
sylvania and New York have not Jared like Virginia
Virginia began in 100 by heading the whole list of the
States in the numbers Of its population in 1850 had
dropped to the fourth place. and another place had been
was originally fourth in the list, and south Caro-.
Tina seventh; they were tenth and fourteenth re-
spectvey ~ 1870, and are , now perhaps, lower
twelfth TO ninth, and Missouri from twenty second 10
thirteenth. There can be doubt however about the
general superiority Of vgor attaching 10 the free States
Of the Union catalogue has been formed OF twenty
ono great towns qualified by their numbers and impor
lance 70 form species Of hrst class and Of these fifteen
exclude slavery, and six only admit IL. OF the vholo
list too town alone has shown actual decline since
1850 and that Charleston the seat Of ia present
revolt The increase in the number OF slaves Is not quite
great between 1S40 and 1850 though greater
than had been between $50 and 1910 II amounts TO
about 600 600.
single entry of apparently slight importance in the
sat@tcS before explains the whole Of that struggle
between North and South which threatens such
mdabe consequences The population Of tho Terrific
ries is set down altogether at 3Si S56-no much above
that Of the single city of Brooklyn and less than that Of
oupcd ltte IL at ALL less than the aggregate area Of
all the organized States Of the Union. BY WHOM then
are these magnificent opportunities of expansion to b.
etoyedS What people are TO possess these boundess
ohaaces Of growth "we," say the citizens OF the
North 'we will not allow that any state OF this
glorious Union shall be infested with the faint OF
slavery. New soil shal be free soil We will not
interfere with the institutions which time has sapctloned
in the States where they st exist but we will never
declaration nioan? IL is sincerely uttered VIC verify be-
heTe, and Ingrhnen viii never gainsay its Justice
at Init tie MALT
from all prospect not only OF popular growth but o poll
ticoi prepondcrancc would isolate the Southern States
and leave thom unless they choose gradually 10 abolish
ssyery 70 die out as were IN comparison with the OK
panstve communities around thcm They could only avail
Tar institution and dcarding their property 10 tel
them that they may share the common privilege OF
American citizons Of migrating TO new homes but that
they must leave their slaves behind is something Ike
telling Western settler that no may 90 into tho back
woods, but TINT he must not take has with him.
They protest accordingly, and ready TO secclo and
even lght their possessions for those are not
likely 70 be molested, but for the freedom OF progress
and colonization which their adyersaries would deny
them.
The ansver however to this spccous plea Is Obvious
Slavery is, In very truth, thing hateful and abomnabc
perfectly justified In their requiston that II il can
not be abolished within tho limits OF the Union
IL shall at least not be extended IL, therefore, tho
Southern states persist in maintaining such institu
tion they auswcrnbe for the consequences. They
might have taken better ground at first. All tho states
OF tho Union were slave States almost all evo
States recently sixty years since In the of
1900 three states only returned containing
slaves within their precincts and what has been dono
by New York and New Jersey might have been done or
at any rate, attempted, by North and South Carolina
Dut the pcopo OF tho South have chosen another
They have not only preserved slavery, but have
ragged II, denying It's evils aud asserting for II positive
mort and value. They have at length preferred Il even
% national Union and cndoavorng 10 establish
coniedcracy which must rest this institution
bets. Whether they VIII succeed or fail cannot
tnTe 70 predict only hope that better counses
NAB prevail and that the idea OF dsunion may be rcn-
pushed,
Se""oor rewards Late Speech from an
english Point OF View.
so.., LION INC ondOn Times, Jan. %.
sS.s ago a article appeared In tho American
nswtpapeIs rom which II largely copied into the
hnglsh pfese, suggestnga scheme for Originating ro
veinment on the basis OF the production and consump
ION Of cotton lancashire the one hand smith oarp.