, 1861-08-12

If I1ish who have gone from the Island since
1851, Is est, ,9s6:; The emigration of English
nd Scotch during the came period was a23,-'f
s37; total fom Great Britain, 2, ,054, 823, About
calf ct these settled in: the United States
lie other half in British North American pos.
sessions. and Australia and other colonies.
this exodus, the Russian
war, the cholera, the Sspoy mutiny, CONNER /
cial crises ard strikes, there has been solid
iucreaee Of more than million and half to |
the population Of the United Kingdom, as
shown by the following table:
POPULATION OF GREAT BRITAIN.
1851. 1851. Inc. Dec |
Wales. M 20 20, CO, rs 1zas7,soe a1s..11s So.
Irtlaad.;::. 5,Ss4.64s 6,s6s,585 .... 7s7.aa5
Il Il ssas. ssi t4s:419 14a,ise sss ....
Total Of the 2,3o7,1A Ts7,s42
United .m...
Kingdom. s,oa1,164 27,511,sea -
Hsiips1ease + ss eaa H. M o. cant
abroad, and the total il q, ,aa81 ,164.
The comparative gro.th aud population of
Great Britain and the United States, is exhibi-
ted as follows:
1851. 1861 sGs 1871 $40
1861. -292s1.164 .42e89l
Increase. =. 1,619. .soa Increase. 8,sss,ol5
The British GENIUS was taken q year later
than that Of the United States. The in
crease Of population in this country is exact
" three per cent. per anInm compounded.
Fence the present population Of the United
States is s., ,372, ,876, or 3,091,712 more tAaa
Great Britain. At the next ceneus this Re
public will outnumber France or Austria, and
stand next to Russia among civilized nations.
More Of the Battlefield Pantez.
4 correspondent Of the New York Evening
Post, sends the following:
Aemuch un caIled-1or astenishment has been
expressed ut the late panic in our army, by
those Who ara ignorant Of the fact that d panic
arnorg perfectly raw troops ia as much the
rule as the exception, it may be well to cite
an instance given BY a high military authority,
to show that such things will sometimes hap
Tie i1ustratlon is very appropriate, and is tar
ken from the prefsce to the Memoirs upon
tie Art of War, by Field Marshal Count Saxe,'
published in London in l757:
"After the French infantry at the battle Of
FriedIirgcu had repulEed the Imperialiats with
0up1T2uE1EH uA4 LDkal1y E0NL1u Auu
pursued them through wood into 8 plain which
1ay on the other side, Eoue one, upon the appeat-
snce of two gquadrons (which might be French
for thing that known to the contrary) cried
out-fWe are cut or Upon which these victo-
rfous troops instantly abandoned their triumphs,
aud tcok to flight IN the most dreadful confusion.
enge peteon rapaszed z lo lie wood tue at8os
prt cpi1at!on, and never onre halted Till they had
| got beJ end the field Of battle.
Marshal Villsrs, together with the Generals OF
the army, took all possible pains to rally them, hut
| to no parpoee; and ret the victory had not only
teen gained but rendered at the zane time 20 COM
the least appearance afterwards; nevertheless We
find thst those men, who In one moment had dis
covered such amazing int1epidtty, were the same
flight The Marshal hlmself had related this fact
I tome at Vaux-Ffllars, when he Was showing me
the plans ofhis battles and whoever has curiosity
enough to seaEch for more examples Of this nature
| may meet With numbers In the history Of all na
hons. This, however, 1s. at present, snfhcisnt tt
~a ses oag eo1sstentg 81 e VIE T o d
! pe1d upon It,"
The Scientific american improves the sub
ject thus:
TIE CONDUCT OF OUR SoLDIEns.-
Bcnaparte once remarked, "Ie has been sal,
that the victories Of the French Republic
were won by the new volunteers, who Wer,
Inexperienced in war. There could be n.
greater mistake: they were won by tn
| 1Du.uUV N4u hQlu1ElH VI Lu6 uDuSAGlH. III
will not econ see me going to war With ney
recTuits.h The sa ne opinion Of the lneff
ciIncy Of raw levies has been held by nearl
ali experienced officers.
The case is entirely changed, however,
the troops can be placed behind breastworks
thsIe they are apt to fight well. At Buake
Hill CUR troops were perfectly steady until til
British got inside the lines, but then they I'll
as fast as their legs could carry them, in spit
Of all the endeayors OF the officers to arres
them; General Putnam especially wasting
!. great many oaths in the effort. No brave
| Commander ever lived than Gen jackson, an
In Sis dispatches before the battle Of New o
leape, he Eaya distinctly that he shall not su
fer his soidlt1s to fight Until he can place thel
behind entrerctments.
The principal objection brought against yo
ultsc1s Is, that they are more subject to pa
les than veteran Hoops, atd especially th
Ehen . panic commences it is more apt
spread to the whole army. This danger
I sufficiently :g.eat in the Oldest and best dist
> p'i1ed armies. As 8 general rule, when Il
I lines sre once broken the whole armY TAX
: | to flight in utter confusion. The cases d
! rare in which any portion OF au army has 7
eisted the contagion OF panic occurring
: another portion The conduct Of the Imperi
Guard at Waterloo forms one Of these exec
E tions. aud that conduct EiN never be me
t toned but With thrill Of pride by any Frenc
mar to the latest generations. Af.eE the re
i OF the army had lied in frantic terror, the II
i pe1ial Guard stood firm amidst their foes, I
l. 1ueiIg either to retreat OF to surrender.
J, Now, the fact to which we wish to call e
$ t. ntior, which the whole community oug
. to understand and to appreciate, is thl
;" When our troops were under murlero
\ fse, md though fhousands Of their conrad
! were running in wild confusion from the 1e
J, stzt7ut Of Tic regiments did not catch the c.
!. tcgfon, but marched of the field only in Of
4 dienee to the commands Of their officers, p
q | serving their thinned ranks in perfect order.
: In oil Of our reading of history We h.
:. never eeen this conduct para1lelea by q la1
e a1ny OF soldiers In their first battle.