New-York daily tribune., 1861-07-06

sugar, of.3 cents per pound on esysa sags,, ..
ceots per pound on loaf ana o'os' nen"eu Sc
of q cent? per pound on he strip OF sngscns; oi
cents per pouod on candy; OF GEMS per eat'ou ""
molases and of cents per gallon on s'sdr moisses
and Il s 4so proposed that duty oi eens Per Pohhd
BE- imposed on coffee 10 cents per pouhp On oass .,
and 70 cents rer pound green iea FROM these ul'
ties h is estimated that additional revenue oi noe
less than $40 00O 900 annually may be raised, wDis
the burden of this revenue upon our own people Wn
be to considerable degree mitigaied oy pa''epa
ton on the part of foreign pfodncers WITHOUT gong
here into other details OF less Importance, Tue oe1Ie
tary thinks it proper to add In general, Una,
from the proposed duties on articles noheNeupe, au
from changed duties articles now either Lightly
budeued or go heavily taxed that the tax amounts W
O prohibition; further Increase OF revenue 10 tne
amount OF S. 900 coo may be anccpated ana tnsl tue
improving condition OF trade ndsindustry warFan"
iurt expectation that the revenue from tue ooues o
The present tariff not affected by the proposed changes,
will not fall short Of $4,000 900. He estimates,
therefore the total revenue from impos's during
the present year at ST TO which may be added
the sum Of 5000 600, TO be derived from the
saes of the puilic lands and miscellaneous sources
making the total revenue for the year $6o,tOO,0W.
While therefore, there ID every reason to believe 6st
under modified tsif, when the prosperity OF the
country shall be fully restored an annual revenue OF
not less than $50 600 0O0 and probably more, be
realized il will be necessary, IN order TO sustain fully
the public credit, 10 provide for rsislng the sum OF
$D00,0OO for the current year, at least by direct
taxes from internal dnies or eNcises, or fpm both
The Constitution eqnir.s that the former be appor
toned among the States, IN the ratio Of the
Federal population, the latter need ony be uniformed
throughout the United States. The taxes 90 real
estate and perhaps the general taxes on personal
property, NUT therefore he aproiioned. Taxes on
dstilled liquors. on bank notes, and similar desonp-
tions OF property, rot be CHER in State than
the taxes on The same articles in another State.
Tie Secretary submits 10 the superior wisdom OF
Congress the determination Of the question whether
the resort shall be made to direct taxes or to internal
dntes b0h for the supply OF the probable deficiency
Of that portion OF the public resources, which, upon
the principles already explained must be furnished BY
taxation
The value Of the real and personal property Of the
people of the Uuied States according to the census OF
1850 $l6 l6, Omit,ing fractions, 0i Blk
teen thousand millions Of dollars.
The value of real property is estimated at SIl21,-
05 SSl aud the value OF personal property at sio30
$50 23J. The proportion Of the property Of both de-
scripons in the United States excluding those at pres
under n-urrecion, Is 81, ,yOO 75S,O09 OF which
sum a. 6J0 l0,603 represents according to the best
estimates tho value Of the real aud 10, foi the
value OF the persOnal property. rate OF one-eighn
Of per al valorem on the whole real ara per-
sOnal property Of the country would produce SUN of
$40 rs 667 rate Of one th Of per cent on the
real and personal property OF the States not under IN
surectiOn would produce the sun OF 81 S0OUoo, and
rate Of hreetentbs of per cent on the real property
alone in thee States would prodnce sl oC either
SUI being largely in excess OF the amount required
Ia some Of the States the revenue for all purposes OF
State county and municipal expenditure is raised IN
this lunner and the assessments of real and personal
property levied valuation made under State author
NV 'oTm certain and convenient method OF collection
IL such valuations existed IN all the Statee, would
not be difficult through the assumption and payment
by the several States Of their several proportions Of
the tax, or through the cooperation Of the State
authorities in ts collection, or through Federal agencies
created for the purpose bat using the state Valuations
to Assess and collect the lsvy for national purposes.
II is the sbsense Of such vsuslions in soue OF the
States and the uncertainty Of effective cooperation IN
all which makes the employment of an extensive and
complicated Federal machinery for the collection OF
direct taxes necessary, and supplies the bsss ior the
most serous objection against that mode OF laying
revenue. II has been objected and not without APP
parent reason to resort TO direct taxes al THIS tme;
that 10 consequence OF the disturbed eond OF inc
country, the spportonment rqulred by tue CONSTITUTION
cannot be made.
Tie Secretary however, adopts the opinl,n that the
constitutional requirement will be sased if Congress,
Ia c act levying the tax shall apportion among inc
several stes ia the required manner Ihe TAX can
not besnqs apfsnsi i6fiffy np0G Is Peaee NV
3pportipned II were Otherwise the objection would
be fatal 10 internal duties well ~ to direct taxes,
for in the presen condition of the country is mpos
sib!e, whatever uniformity may be obsereed IN the
law imposing such duties 10 make them Uniform III col
leci IN.
Interpal duties may be collected more che.ply thar
direct taxes, by fewer ageDts and with lesa inter
ference with the finances of the States. They may
also be made to bear Inanly upon articles OF luXury
sad thus diminish, to certain extent the burdens iG
posed by nteS on Imports upon the ciasses of The
people least able O. bear them. II bes been already
shown that ligb direct TAX from which the Sccte-
tay ventures 10 suggest very small properties nsy be
properly and acyamageonsy exempted, will produce
the arm rec ded for revenue.
la the Judgment Of the Secretary the needed sun
may also DO obtained from moderate charges o;ls
sEd distilled liquors, on ac and beer, on tobacco ON
bank uoics, on spring carriages on silver ware and
ewelry ard ON legaeies II both sources Of revenue
Int he ~ pd
qai. sd tln loans VIII be propoItionatoy diminShoj
snj The BARS Of the pntc credit proportionatey
larged and -trngbeBed. Whether both these modes !
of taxation De resored 10 under present gences,
or only one OF them the Secretary Will but lily per-
bic duty TO Congress the people II he Onite 10
urge the great importance, the absolute necessity IN
ed If such full provision of the annual revenue
VIII manifest 10 the world fixed purpose 70 maintain
uyiolae the public iatb by the sictes fidelity TO all
public engas asements.
IL will not perlape, bs thought out Of place il the
Seerotsry e gost here that the property of those
geed in insarrectson Or IN giving aid aud comfort TO
nsnr on;s, may properly be made 10 contribute 10 the
expenditures necessary by their criminal m.con
duet. As par Of me punishment due To the guilt Of
involving the ration in tue caames Of civil war; and
thereby bringing distress upon 30 many innocent cit
lens Congress may Justly provide tor the forfeiture OF
the whole part OF the estates Of offenders snd for
the payment of it, proceeds into the public treasury.
Before dsmssiDg the subject of the proper provision
for ordinary expenditures including Interest on the
public debt, and proper amount for sinking fund
Lle Secretary respectfully asks the consideration of
Congress for the question whether tbs u.ent di.-
bufenents Of the Government may be themselves
diminished.
lie yentu res to suggest that considerable saving
nay be jadiciOusy effected by reduction for lie
iue At leazt Of 10 per upon salaries and wages
lid by the Federal Government, in where sach
edg0tion will nor interfere with the existing con-
acfs AID that further saving perhaps less con-
iderable may be effected by the abolition of the
ranking privilege and reduction OF pOstal experses
retreac fmeUt IN other directions Will doubtless slg
est itself TO the reflection Of Congress- and it is most