Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

I to adopt, not only for their own safety but
for the protection of the unoffending IN
habitants and their property"
MILITARY LAW, so frequently confused
with martial. in pOpOlar parlance is totally
different. 1t is comprised OF all those
laws passed by Congress for the creation,
government, regulation and support of ar
mics. I E- s- -
STRATEGY and TACTICS are two unfor-
tunate words used popularity as synonyms
This distinction is obvious, and should be
generally known. Strategy is the art of
concerting plan of campaign-a system
of operations determined by the object of
the war, the character of the enemy, the
nature of the country, and the means of
attack or defense. Tactits is the art of
handling troops; it provides for army or
ganizatiOn; fixes the proper ton of infantry,
cavalry, artillery; governs the method of
attack and defense, and examines the ma
ture of the weapons. The close connection
of the two arts makes it too easy to confuse
their natures and true discrimination is
more necessary. In report of the battle
of Carthage it is said that 'the officers of
the rebel troops showed great ability in
their -maneuYers and much strategic skill. ="
1t is plain theRriter should have said tac-
ticul skill.
ABATIs are rows Of felled trees deprived
of their smaller branches, the remainder
iuterlaced and employed, for the defense of
redoubts5 isolated posts, or for blocking up
roads.
An AoJUTANT GENERAL is the principal
organ of the commander of an army in pub
fishing orders. He has the, charge of the
army correspondence, etc, and among his
activeduties are the establishment of camps
inspection, control of prisoners, and max
ing reconnoissanees.
AMBULANcEs are flying HOSPITALS for the
conveyance of the wounded with the march
of the army.
BARBETTE.-Guns are said to be in bar
bette when they are so Elevated that, in
stead of firing through epbrasures, they
can be fred over the crestof the parapet.
The result is wider range
BASE OF OPERATIoSsEA secure line of
frontier or fortress, from which advances
are made.and upon winch troops may re-
treat
BREEET.-In the Enited States army
breset means a comnnssiOn to hold rank in
the army at large as distinguished from
rank in particular regiment or corps.
BRIGADE Two regiments of cavalry or
infantry constitute brigade.
! CADEr.-A cadet is warrant officer,
and warrant officers rank beloR commits
zioned, exercising authority bypwarrant
only.
CAL1BER.-Caliber of bulletssis deter
mined by the number required to Weigh a
pound; of guns. by the weight ef Shot
used; of cOlumbiads, mortars and hOwit-
zers, by the inches of their diameters.
CARTEL.-An agreement for an exchange
Of prisoners.
CAsEMATR.-Vaulted chamber with en-
brasu-es for guns, and used in war as quar-
tiers for the garrison.
DEFILADING consists in raising the par
apets of fortress, so as, to conceal its in
terror from the view Of an enemy on an el-
evated position.
DEpIoYmENr.-All tactical maneuvers
intended to pass from close column to the
order of battle, arc deployments.
DIyIsIoN.-A division generally consists
of two brigades. commanded by a major
general
EMBRAsURE-An embras ure is an open
ing out in the parapet, through which the
cannon in fort is fred
ENFILADR.-To sweep the whole length
of the face of any work or line of troops
by the fire of a battery.
EscALADE-A place is take n by esca-
lade wien ladders are used to scale the
walls.
EsPLANADE.-Empty space for exercis-
ing troops within Qualifications
FAscINEs.- cylindrical fagots of
brushwoOd, used for STRENGTHENING earth
works, or to make firm footing On marshy
ground
FLANK.-The right side of body of
men or place. Thus, s,1when it is said that
the enemy, by flank march, outfanked
our right wing, it is meant that the enc
my, By marching parallel to our line of
battle, put himself in position upon our ex-
trcme right.
FoRAGING is often confused with ma
rauding, but is the systematic collection of
supplies by authority.
HAvERsAoK.-A bag for carrying pro-
tvisions.
INLYING PIcKET-A body of men, in
campaign, held ready to march when call
ed upon.
! LoDGMENT.-In a siege, lodgment signi-
fes the occupation of a position and the
formation of an entrenchment to defend it
against re-capture
PICKET.-Literally. sharp stakes. Cen
orally used to specify a detachment whose
! principal duty is to guard an army from
surprise and oppose reconnOitering parties
of the enemy. E....-... 81
REDoUBrs are works inclosed on all
sides, generally square or polygOnal. -.
/ RICoCaET.-Guns fred with a small
charge and low elevation throw ricOchet
shots, which bound along the ground or
ramparts.
SALIENT.-The salient angle of a forti-
fcatiOn is an angle projecting toward the
country.
SALLY PORTs-0penings to afford free
egress to troops for sortie or sudden charge
from fort Il
SAP-The sap is a method of making
trenches, in which the workmen arc pro-
tected from musketry by sappers rolling
large gabion Il. e., a cylindrical basket
filed with earth) tOwarl the enemy
SHELLs.-A shell is a hollow shot, with
; hole to rece,:e fuse or slow match. and
filled with rvwder, to burst it at the end
of Its range.
SQUADRON Two companies or troops
of cavalry.
SUBALTERx-A commissioned officer
below captain