The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1861-03-26
THE New work Sl)N
TUESDAY aoRNING. sAR 81. 1860.
Psial.d. A

PstaLds
AFTER the world had tacitly accepted the
huge injustice committed upon Poland, AMI
sympathy with her sufforings had assumed tho
almost deadly form Of poetic sentimsntslity,
as no longer cspsble Of practical snslior I.iCS,,
il is startled cnce more by tho no IS If her r.
turning vitality. The fact that within I'll, Ia
decade the voice Of Polaud was not hoard
among tho struggling nstioLalitios was either
lest sight Of alto ossther, or oily nItci by tho
few retired students II history who, adjusting
her wrongs by tho hnJgn Laws OF
cause and effect, could not expect her
powers that had combined for her destruction.
But tho developments Of the last month show
us that the repose Of the past thirty years WIS
far from being tho sleep Of death, but rathcr
silent rocupsr itivc process, fitting ue1 gone
ration for the accomplishment Of tho work in
which their fathers failed.
la order TO understand clearly the signi-
Gcance of tho recent events in Poland, aud
to explain tho ground for hoping for her future
doliyeranec, 1t will be necessary to tako a
brief retrospect Of her caller mst,ry.
In the linccuth ccntury, rdini hal an area
Of territory greater thau that d frtnc' and
p,,ulttiun ~ ffteou millions. IIor govornn'ut
was essentially an aIstccrstlc rcpubiic, VIII
IN elective monarchy from whence srruu.. all
her woes for tho ncishborip: Kin - who did
rot tbem.elyes asrirs to tho vaciUt throso,
could At least influence tho election 90 ,heir
own advantage, or the II jury Of rival. This
perpetual foreign Intervention gradually de-
mcrali1od tho nation, and prepared the way for
its ruin. Accordingly, in 1913, the nei Shbor-
ing power, Russia, Austria AMI Prussia, by
uears NJ, necessary now 10 p.rticul.riz,,
= lied ON uEc third Of the Polish territory; ani,
nI1q5 Eussi, ard Prussia diyi lsl on .halfof tho
remainder, and two years after appropriated
tho remaining pOrsiOn, thus terminating tho
monarchy. In tho's partitions Russia always
got the ons share; lut the ind result was rot
ACCOMPLISHED without desperate struggles on
ITO part Of thu people whoSn heroism was only
cVuallCd 10y their misfor, unc'. NArorTOS had
il in hispowcr torestpro Poland, but only ors an
,ed the greater par of it, in ls0;, into the Grand
Duchy Of Warsaw with some privileges which,
however, fall far short Of Independence. That
did not fully restore the nation, ho afterwards
d, ,clared, was the great political mistake Of his
life. Tbs treaty Of Vienna In 1915 constituted
the Grand Duehy Of Warsaw into kingdom,
with the Car for King, and a liberal cousti-
tuition that preserved its autonomy. But, az
might bc expected, tho new kingdom was al
mnisl.rod solely wish rotronco to Russian in-
t,restS and in 1850 the people rose in rcvo-
luton that was crushed in the following year,
by the capture Of Warsaw. Thi, lest rovolt
WAS made tho pretcst for depriving the nation
Of even tho appearance Of liberty, and In 1882
hy an imperial Ukass, Poland was constituted
an integral part of tho Russian Empire
But tho Russians could net extinsuish tho
principles Of nationality, which oneo moro
threaten to:Lurst forth ina Il lrm, OF rhersdit-
Rry Latrod to their opprosslrs, likoy Ia tho
present inaammablo condition Of Euro @, to
lead tn tho speedy fulhlmcnt OF NAroLEoN's
prophecy that in fifty years Europe should
either bo republican or COssaCk.
The events which have lstoly Rtartlod Eu-
ropo by Indicating that Poland Is eager to re-
new, al tie litting moment tho ha,'ls for frcc-
dom occurred in WARSAW on the 2Jth " Fob
ruary. II seems that the patriotic party had
made Preparations 10 celebrate the anniversary
of tho nstllu'Uf GrochOw, and On the day snred,
iulHr'nso crowds atemhlcd rOuaR tho church,
vi ere tire funeral services IN m1mury Of the
fallen heroes took vlUcc. Al tho cio,c, u pro-
tossit Of young mel issued from tho church,
I.anuy tue National ulhI or II Poland, at
sight Of when tho enthusiasm was uubDunlud.
Ire c0rt ego approached the government house
at the moment when the Agricultural Society
ia body composed ~ tho nobility and chief
4 4. l.. nN.l
| thoir scss, on aud the members wcr> about to
depart. Just th,n Il body Of C>ss,cks ap-
pronchcd who cnieavorci TO turn back tho
procession. A frightiul tumult ensued; the
,0llirrs iircl on tho pennlr, and u number Of
lives wer,lo 4 ..ri ElN Eafl.Iaa - -
lhe next dtJ pece,.ou uy tho nltiu -ai nag,
tn bolioa Of tho victims were carried IN pro-
ces io.. through thr city, as they had died, in
tseir bloody Euin rs they were borne
along tho people sang hymns, and knet aud
rTsyed. On thls occasion, u fresh conflict took
place with tkr soldiers, at which, II IL reporic'
not less than sixty lives were lost. Peace was
only rest ,red by the Interference OF some pltri.
o,ic Pole at whose instance the mill .ary
" 70 withdrawn 10 thgir barraCi
ssl heso events we're followed by tho most In.
fonss excitement aud the resignation Of all
tle Poles in the Russian service. The Agricul-
tural Society drew up petition to the Emperor,
backed by $4,000 signatures, deminding tha
rostor alton OF thor traditions Of natior atty,
| AMI complaining Of tho outrages which hal
| been committed on Poland. II is expected
that tho EmpOrorwilI tomporizb aad parhiPs
ror orc tlu Con 3tiiution-hut at the anc tGTlc
| to 10 concentrating troops in Warsaw.
Ihc,o events not only show that the exam
| pie OF Hungary and Italy hsvo fired tho
ie ITS Of lie young m2n o. Poland, hut also
! tia, hos and disturbing element has ontsred
| into tie complications Of European diplo
macy. Eal hEy
4 N,r Thing on the Oh,O R,reI.-lt has bceH