The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-01-22
BALTIMORE.
TUESDAY, JANUARY %, 1861

By the last European mails we are put in posses
SION the English Trade Reports for the year closing
on the 3lst of December, 1860. They indicate the
prevalence Of a remarkable healthy business for
the past twelve months in almost all departments
of commerce and manufactures, and steadily in
creasing demand for nearly all descriptions of raw
produce. Our attention. however, is more par
ticuarly arrested by those statistics which relate
to our great Southern staple of eXport-Cotton,
and TO the remarks that are based upon
it. The tables of imports show that the in
creased receipts of raw Cotton at the English ports
during the past year, over the receipts of the year
preceding, were 537, $40 bales, and that,
of this excess, 494, 7O5 bales were from the UNITED
STATES, leaving, as the excess derived from all
other sources of supply, only AZ, O74 bales The to-
tai consumption of Cotton in Europe and America
during 1860 is set down at about s, 1OO 900 bales
as against 4, 600, 900 bales in 1852 being an av-
erage weekly increase of about 10000 bales-the
increase in Great Britain alone averaging 4,023
bales per week Il is alluded to as one of the
noticeable features of the year, with reference to
this particular staple that the imports of raw
Cotton into France and Germany were also in
much larger quantities than usual, and the fact is
cited as an evidence of "a very great extension of
Spinning and manufacturing power on the Con-
"tinent-fostered by the very profitable state Of
tthe trade the past two years, and the absence of
'any restrictions as TO hours of labor, which, COM
"bined with low standard of wages, enabled
1.-The Continental manufacturers to begin to COM
t'pete more successfully with these of England"
The official Report estimates the stock of Cotton
in store and in the hands of spnners, on the 3lst
of December last at 724,5 500 bales which, at the
average rate of consumption during the pastyear-
say As, l36 bales per week-would afford a supply
for sixteen weeks. The question which is now
creating some uneasiness among the English man.
ufacturers, is as to the proportion of raw Cotton
which may be derived from the UNITED STATES
during the current year. This, it is remarked,
is a of some anxiety for the future;
more especially with the prospect of the next
American crop not exceeding 400 900 bales and which
estimate is very generally entertained. Taking it
basis OF calculation the question arises what proportion
out Of it will this country receiver But high scale
of prices invariably brings greater proportion of the
crop here, 2100 900 would be pretty estimate Sup
posing therefore, the same quantity of cotton
rive before the end of the year this and for the
100 600 Brazil 10000 Egyptian, 5000 West India &c,
600 East India; which added to the stock hand
the ports 594 500 here and $50 600 surplus
spinners hands, would give supply of $500 500 bales
ners who have this year taken jointly Sill SOL bales
This would leave a surplus stock here Of 900 at
the end of 1851 presumng that the consumption of the
world should not increase; but as is generally under
stood that considerable increase in the requirements
this country must take place next year by the mills
which either Just commenced or are now in
ton. this small surplus may be diminished
whilst the possibility still exists that should any serious
disturbance take place in the Southern States the cult
walton of the next crop may be interfered with
cause another short CROP and also materially lessen the
receipts from the incoming one, by inducing planters to
a O their
The past year. with reference TO the Cotton trade,
is characterized as having been a most eventful
one. The extraordinary profits realized by manu-
facturers of Yarns and Cotton Cloth for India is
said to have induced them 10 enter into large con-
tracts in advance, which compelled them to send
orders to the UNITED STATES for the purchase OF
raw material at almost unlimited prices. This
anxiety on the part of the trade TO secure supplies
and to forestal by direct Importation, the possible
profit of the dealers in Cotton, whilst it benefited
the American planter, is said to have caused con-
siderable loss to the English importers. The de-
mand for manufactured goods, however, still con-
tinues; and if there were any certainty of a su1i.
Gent supply of the raw material, good and pro-
htable trade throughout the present year might be
reasonably anticipated. The uncertainties on this
head are stated to arise from two causes The first
being the probable effect which the political diff
culties in this country may have upon the exports
of Cotton; and the second, the possible de-
rangement of the money market owing to the
large importations Of grain which will be required
to make up for the deficiencies of the English crops