davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-08-24

ENF0RCINs THE BLooKADE-The shipping inter-
est OF New York is becoming restive under the ra1
wages of Frivateers, who have already destroye.u
property to. incredible amount, and are n,oU f ~
ing still heavier losses by driving tregnts a.. a u
American bottoms to the protection OF i"re'su
From record of captures by Coniederate Pfvn, Iva,
teers, carefully kept Dd that pos ,Gss h ,"an ta
vessels all dsissP0ss' ,sssd tn assS 0p1 poP %
% H hh;ch exclusive of cargoes, cannot fall
short o ta of ST. OOOOo.No'O York Journal OF Com
| merce. --
The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-08-24

423 7l0 tons of railroad material, of the aggregate
value of $40, 36l COZ. I-~s
OF the So, 600, 900 nominslly owed by Mexico to
England, only $685. 900 belongs to English subjects.
The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-08-24
5lipp!ag snte!!gsREe

IMPORTS INTO BALTIMORE.
FoPDE f0,,scD n, ,,..
The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-08-24

Total Wheat Flour.
Together with 526 bbls. Rye Flour, an
The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-08-24

FRIDAY, August %, 1861.
st,27S Baltimore 6's ....................8IX
oJJ 40. os .'o-s..'' s'.'.''..-s,.. ....SO
II shares Union Bank. nk.......................57
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1861-06-21
KAPPA.
BORROWED IDEAS,
Grs.n grow the rushss, o!-Burn..


Judging from the coguomen that floats so
vauntingly al the head of he "Educational''
column OF the "Iaquirer," we bad congratula-
ted ourselves with the idea that The dlsquisitions
served up BY the ''Editor" would be frest. and
green, especially at this season, when all ma
tore is robed IN perda at !oVrIiness when man
should be in5ued with new ideas, and inspired
with lofty thoughts and imag gilatIons but,
alas how disappointed we were, when, last
week, instead OF having our anticipations gTat
flied, we were treated 10 some dry selections
from Yankee Journal. Now, that's unendu-
'rable. After we had been presented with new
dogmss IN the philosophy of the English Ian
guage, and after out curiosity had been raised
to the boiling point" and we were in feverish
suspense waiting for the "next," we little ex-
pectec to be thus cruelty and suddenly "lel
down" This was pr6suming too much on our
good nature. Repeated doses OF this kind,
might prove too mrch for our nervous system.
Blu, this can be avoided, if the Editor will only
"siick to the text" There is no necessity OF
gong 10 distance for ideas New England
has different system OF education from ours,
and no doubt good enough in its place but the
Keystone State has brains, too, and gigantic
brains at that. She is expanding herself in
fact, she is now considered old enough to take
care of herself, and she'll do il, too. Success
10 her !
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1861-06-21
From the Harrisburg Patriot &c Unlon.
THE WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS.

II frequently happens in the history of ma
t,ons that an obscure individual becomes the
representative of great principle, The tate
ofthp person may excite little o. no sympathy,
but the principle upon which bis case turns
nav De OF vast and enduring importance. Such
q case is that OF Merryman, detained at Fort
McH-nry by Gen. CadwaIlader. Whether he
isgull,y of the crime imputed to him We know
not. He may oe criminal OF the deepest dye,
and he nav be entirely innocent OF the treason
charged upon him. This is not the question
involved 10 the refusal Of Gen. Gad~allader 10
u-,ruarr The prisoner to me custody OF the CIV
il authorities by obey ing the writ OF habees cor
pus issued By the Chief Justice OF the Supreme
Court of the United States. The simple question
presented by this refusal to the safeguard OF IIo-
sr,y, is ths--Has ihe President OF the United
States the right a. any time to suspend the writ
Of hGbeas corpus.
The Constitution OF the United States says
"The privilege ofths writ OF ho6sas corpus shall
not be suspended unless when in cases OF rebel
lion or invasion the public safety may require
IT," Who is to decide when the public safety
requires suspension of the privilege OF this
Writ9 All authoritIes concur 10 the opinion
that none other than the Legislative power can
DO so. Judge Story in bis commentary on this
clause Of The Constitution, says; "lt Would
seem, as the power is granted 10 Congress TO
suspend The writ of hobeas corpus in case OF re-
.behon or invasion, that the right to Judge
whether the exlgency has arisen must e2clu-
Hysly belong TO that body"
So Chief Justice Marshall, in a case OF trea-
son reported IN 9TH Cranch, page 100, says :;
II al any time the public safety should require
the suspension OF the power vested by .hIs act
the power to grant writs of habeas corpus) IN
ths Courts of the United States, it is for the Le-
sislature TO say SO. That question depends on
political considerations on which the Leglsla-
ture is 10 decide. Until the Legislative will
be expressed, this Court Can only see It's duty,
and must o5ey the iaDs."
The same general principle is asserted IN
blacksone's Commentaries, with reference TO
the law III England, from which W. derive the
writ OF habeaS corpus. He Uses the following
emphatic language in treating OF he suspension
OF this right IN SEASONS Of public danger; "But
the happiness OF our own Obnsiitulion Is that
It iE rot leit to the Executive power to deter
mine when the danger of the State is 30 great
as 10 render this measure expedient for IT IS the
Parliament only, or Legislative power, that
whenever it sees proper can authorize the
Crown, by suspending the habeas corpus act for
ashorl and limited time, to HnprIson suspected
PeFsons without giving any reason Tor SO do
Ing"
These authorities are sufficient TO establish
beyond all doubt that the Executive has no
power 10 suspend the writ of hoAeas corpus,
Without the authority of Congress.
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1861-06-21
Gbs 6tbculmastrr Abroao.
SCHOOL ETHICS FOR THE PARENT
AND CHILD.
No. l..

| Knowing, as we do, that much may be ac-
complished in the educational field through tn,
influence ofthe parent, and that much better
discipline may be established ia our schools, n
the pupil act well his part, We have been iadrl-
ced TO write few articles under the above IL
tie hoping, at the same time. that they nav b.
OF some benefit 10 the educational interests of
our county, aud 10 the educational world in
general.
As general thing the common school sys-
TEN adopted by our Common wealth, seems to
work we'll. There have been instances, how.
ever, where some part Of the machinery ap-
Pea.s 10 have been defective. II is not The ann
nor the desire in the present article to excu pate
the teacher from all blame, nor 10 exempt him
from all responsibility. We are very sorry, in
deed, that DUTY constrains US 10 make the ac-
acknowledgement, that the teacher TOO often is
the cause alone Of the failure Occasionally
one who looks more. 10 dollars aud cents, togeth-
er with the small reputation bis SAqIlo1o brain
may through intrigue acquire for him, happens
10 hnd his way into our ranks to disgrace our
profession, aud having more audacity than
brains, he generally, though not always, meets
with failure. But Independent of this, failures
sometimes occur, which cannot be attributed to
the teacher but to some other Cause
Were the teacher an infallble being, il might
be that We could dispense wholly with the in
duence and cooperation of the parent. but such
noi being the case, a full and hearty co-opera-
ion OF teacher, parent, snt child, must exist.
hat we may arrive more directly and more ea-
My at the designed end of education. Did pa /
'ents interest themselves to the extent thew
houd in school affairs, our schools would stand |
ipon much irmer basis, and more m,rht with
| mere Is u udy dpPt0acrIia5 5sI
non schools shall occupy much higher posi- |
ion The time is not very far distant when |
rot only The common branches Of our language |
hall be taught in our public schools, but many
IF the sciences, and the classics. Such is even !
now the case in those communities which have
enjoyed The benefits ofthe Union syst. m for any
length OF time. Let us have full CO. operation
,t all interested in our schools and that time
will sooSer come.
YAppA
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1861-06-21

! ne issuing OF the writ in the case Of Mer-
! ry'nan nas subjected Judge Taney 20 the most
FloiTht attacks from certain portion of the
! newspaper press. He did nothing more than
ns pian duty He had no right 10 refuse the
/ Haoeds corpus. Had be done so, he would
nave given just cause for impeachment. II
IS a violent and unJustifable inference 10 sun
pose that he would have released the prisoner
nad 6en Cadwallader surrendered him In obp-
diance to the writ. The fate of Merry
man would have depended entirely upon The
evidence against him. If that is positive and
conclusive as Is alleged, then Tie prisoner
would have been committed 10 prison 10 await
trial for treason in the civil courts. Bot il
Inc evidence turned out to De insufficient TO es-
taolished Prima facie case, then he would BIZ
emitted to discharge, and his detention by
military authority is rank usurpaiion
The first step toward the establishment OF
military despoilsm cannot be guarded against
with too much jealousy We should dread
the beginning Of usurFation. The infraction
OF the law in small particulars may be speed
Ily followed by gTosser and more alarming
violations OF established rights. -lfa citizen Of
Maryland may be seized and imprisoned in vi
oiatIon of the law when that State IS not in
rebellion against the Government, w4 know
not how soon citizpns of Pennsylvania NAV be
served in the same way and the Infamous pro-
oepdng Of Star Chamber Councils repeated in
this land of law and liberty.
None of those who den1ance Judge Tanev
and commend the refusal ci Gen. Cadwalladrr
to obey the writ, have ventured 10 Indicate
how Merryman is TO bp tried Tor treason. with
out he IS surrendered to the civil authorities
Admitting the right ofthe military to arrest
persons detected III, or suspected OF treason,
from what source is the power deprived TO try
parties accused OF this crime Clearly court
martial can only try persons subject to military
government and every civilian charged with
treason must necessarily be tried by the civil
=
We trust that the President will vet see the
propriety OF directing The surrender oil Merry /
man 10 the civil authorities. Ii is of much !
more Importance TO vindcate a great principle /
than even to punish single traitor II the idea |
that the military superior the civil power IN .
the loyal States is allowed to take root the time
may not be far distant when some hvorttp but
ambrl lous chiefiaIn may, with an army of
hundred Thousand men devoted to has fortunes,
undertake 10 apply the same principle 10 The
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1861-06-21
SELECT POETRY.
GAY AND HAPPY.

I'm the one that's gay and happy,
Whereso'er chance to be,
And l'll do. my best to please you.
If you will but list TO me.
CKoRus-So let the wild word wag az it will,
i'll be gay and hsppy still,
Gay and happy, CAV and happy,
I'Il be gay and happy still.
envy neither great or wealthy,
Poverty ne'er despise,
Let me be contented, healthy,
And the boon I'll dearly prize.
Czoaus So let The wild world wag, &c
The rich have cares we little know of,
All that gIitters is not gold,
Merit e seldom made a show of,
And tue worth is rarely told.
CHozus-SO let the wild world wag, &c.
II the President should sit beside ne,
I'd sing my song with usual glee,
Fools might laugh, and knaves deride me,
Still ll'd gay and happy be-
FAoRUs-So let the "tIa r'0sia 's-al
1 care for all, yet care for no one,
Those that do well need not fear,
like mankind and the world to dwell on,
What else makes this life SO dear.
czoRus-so let the wild world wag &c.
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1861-06-21
from the Journal of Comnerce.1

A WAR IN THE REPUBLICAN, RANKS. There
appears TO De some jealousy among the Repub-
lcau papers in the city respecting the rumored
appointment ofthe publisher of the World news
paper, TO an important military position. 1t
has for some days been reported, and is now pos
itivey asserted, that Alexander Cummings, of
the World is 10 be appointed Brigadler Gener-
al, and that h. will be placed at the head of
the Quarter Masters Department. The nHicr
IS one of great responsibility, and the t'rart-
ment needs close watching To drI'r asav f-
"Army- worm" by which il Is bsieg4
have no knowledge Jf NJ CugQ5'-o
cations for the position, sra %
able TO Judge wa-fn~ IN conmtHaa aa4,o
The announcement causes IN tn- k pnolcan
press, is due 10 lh- un6tneS, Cl the selection, or
10 JEALOUSY on account ~ the choIce CT the vet
erans who have long done dutl a. this point.
Mr. Cummings IS said 10 be confidential
triepd OF thu Secretary of War, who il Is cbarg
ed, has already entrusted him with important
Government dutIrs. We see nothing wrong ia
this, and II they are properly discharged, it
would afford reason tor continued confidence.
There has been much rismsnagement ia the
War Department, and we fear all the evils are
not vet corrected We trust that Secretary
Cameron will endeavor to do bis duty, but H
mpsl be confessed that public expectation does
not APPEAR to be vTry strong on this subject.
The Sun appears 10 have special antipathy
to the selection of Mr. Cummings, and judg-
ing from It's tone, We should say that what we
have characterized as ga war ia the Republi-
can ranks" can hardly be designated c'U,t
war. Th- following a1prared al ths head OF
the Suns editorial columns on Tuesday NOR
ing
THE QuARrERAAsTER GENERAL.-0ur
special Washington correspondent asserts that
Secretary Cameron has determined to appoint
hIs personal partlzan and favorit-, ,Cumm ings--
CIVILIAN of no experience or character suitable
for the post--to this high military office.
"We are moi yet able to believe in the su-
dacity, even the corruption De credible, that
conId venture upon such an appointment 1t
made, il will be beaver blow to ihr Govern
m~nt tnan all the ltaiiols South OF the Poiom-
&C are hkrIy to strike thIs yrar."
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1861-06-21

DIRECT TAxATioN.-Now that the revenue
from customs will be mere bagaielle in COM
parison with the enormous expenditure occa-
stoned BY the war, the Evening Post tRepubIi-
canl advises resort 10 direct taxation.
says
The suppression of the revolt headed by the
principal politicians of the Southern States, ia
Certain. 10 prove an expensive task. An army
of three hundred thousand men The field, and
a navy competent 10 the blockade OF the south
EN- ports, Cannot be supported On the ordinary
revenues of the country. We shall come out
of that war, whatever be its conclusion, with
an increased public debt; but We cannot, with
out The entire extinction of our pecuniary cred
it, attempt TO throw the whole burden OF wag-
ing il upon utHre years. We must draw largely
upon our present resources the necessities OF
the day must be met by The sacrifices OF the day,
instead of being improvidrntly LEFT to the NOR
row and so far as We are able, we must pay
as We 60.
To do tins will tax 10 the utmost the wisdom
OF the present Congress, ard we hope it will
prove itself a wiser body than the one which
preceded it. Large appropriations must be
nade, and these it will be easy TO pass, but the
difficulty will be TO end the money. 1t is near
Iy~certaln that no tariff OF duties will furnish
al that is wanted We shall be obliged unless
the war comes to sudden conclusion, 10 resort
as we did in our second war with Great Britain
10 direct taxation. A sensible pamphlet, by
Mr.. James Gallatin OF this city, advises the I'M
position ofa direct tax as soon as Congress meets
with provision tor collecting it through the
agents OF the states--a suggestion which We
shall be glad to see adopted.
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1861-06-21
Pretty Sentiment and Partizan Practice.

The Republican speaker of the Connecticut
House oil Representatives, said
speak the voice Of the people oi Connecti-
cu,-which, swelling up ike great wave has
washed out party lines and party associations!
Perish in the tfanscen-
dant importance Of these Issues, the little mis-
cradle schemes OF party policy and party pre-
frrment. Silenced be the noisy wrangle If de-
bate over local projects, special interests and
personal advancpmenls. Let us here and now,
at the threshold Of the session, plant flag Of
truce on The ridge of the battlefield of debate,
and resolve 10 know no party bat our country,
till our country is saved"
After which the House filled every office IN
Its gift With Republicans. Comment isunneces-
sary.
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1861-06-21
MILITARY SIGNALS.

MAJOR Myer, OF the army, some months since,
annoaaced tbe discovery BY him self OF new
system OF military signals, which would, IN
great measure, revolutionize the management
ot modern forces The signals are made by
means OF flag attached 10 pole, from twelve
to sixteen feet long. The different movements
winch ihr flag is made TO go through represent
Letters OF the alphabet The letters, of course.
are combined into words that lead out The mes
sage BY the intervention of the numbers,
none but the plhcer who directs the fagman,
and tbosay ybn have been previously informed
y 'fe Arrangement of the system, can under-
>'ai.a NE language Of the flag, which flag is
5sffi 10 three directions, 10 right, left, and
os hi' IS done by soldiers who ars espec-
laitydfilird for the purpose, and who, in the
hllr, manage the burning with astonishing ac-
curecv.
For night purposes, torches are substituted
Tor Haes otherwise, the signals are similar 10
those made IN The day time. All The lmple-
menis necessary for the service can be embrac-
ed 10 snail prcket, can TRANSPORTED from
poipi to point by single man, and Se pnt in
readiness for use in fifteen minutes The ex-
Perigents were made 10 The neighborhood of
Santa Fe, in lhe latter part of April, and were
suec sstH! 10 every instance. altho. uneven
ground was selected. The first signals were
exchanged sixteen miles without difficulty; and
on tie thlrc day, BY the aid of small repeat
ing aai'on, an lntellrgible ahlItary conversa-
ilon Ras rapidly carried OF between Old Fort
Marcy and Galveston, which are twpntv-fve
miles apart. In a few days The Wal DEPART
meni OF thr United States will received n off, /
Gers q the different regiments now at the seat
OF waF will, doubtless, BE- initiated iato the I
mysteries OF the business. .-.Few York Times.
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1861-06-21
THE ARMY FRAUDS.

The Philadelphia papers Of Friday give ths
proceedings OF The meeting held IN that city on
the previous day in regard to these infamous
frauds
Joshua Husband, Esq, gave an account Of a
visit which he made 10 the camp at PerrSsvIIle.
He saw there twenty sacks Of pilot bread, APP
parently as old as II It had been made lnthe
year one hundred; barrels of pork all fat and all
putrid John Haviand, the Inspector, told lhr
speaker that he gave part Of 1t away 10 prevent
1t from engendering disease. One ofthe vol
unteers told Mr.. Husband that after the frst
three DAYS after bis arrival at PerrysvilIe, he
had nothing save what he cot from black wo-
man. The speaker also referred TO the condl-
ton of Col Nagle's Regiment while at Broad
and Pine streets, when some OF the meat was
taken away 10 make compost of. Arms con-
demned by the Inspector were declared good
enough for three months men. The speaker
was severe upon Governor Curtin, of whom he
had once been friend, for which he asked tod
10 forgive him. tApP'ause.l
Marshal Sprogell, Esq, submitted .he follow
ing resolutions
ResoiUsd, That committee of thirteen be
appointed to collect, digest and arrange all in
formation in relation 10 the disbursement OF
30UU,UUO ROltO uipIlSeSy diIu 81
much OF the So. 0o0,0 900 loan as has been ex-
pended, to be presented to the meeting TO Sc
held hereafter, and that the said con mttee be
directed to inquire OF the Colonel OF each Penn
sylvania regiment now IN the field, or which
may hereafter be placed IN the field, as to clo-
thing, equipments, and commissariat of each
respective regiment, and report the same.
RESOLVED, That :he said committee be drec-
ted 10 address the Preslden; Of the limited States
and the Secretary OF War, requesting the inter-
position Of their power and authority. so far as
practicable, TO protect the volunteers who are,
or may be, mustered iato service, from the evils
from which so many who have been mustered
in have groaned under without complaint.
Resolved, That the said Committee report on
defensive arguments or facts OF any person tha;
may be- submitted TO them.
These resolutions were adopted, the mover oil
them accepting a suggestion 10 make the num-
Der of the committee twenty-five, one fIom each
ward.
Mr. Sprogell said, in support Of his rpso'I-
tions, that he believed thai this was the erst
time 10 the history of Pennsylvania that Cow
ernor of the State has been charged with such
frauds as Gov. Curtin has bern. II he is inno-
cent, it is but right that he should have an OPP
portunity Of exculpaiing himself.
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1861-06-21

WoRrH Thinking ORA prominent Phil
adelphi4 gentleman, writing TO friend in Bos-
ton, refers to the talk made by Sumner and
other AboIitonists, that the real object of the
war is to free the slaves, and says:
sWe are all here, in action, il not in refec-
,Ion, OF. and out Union men, ready. TO 60
where the war leads Us but we are not blood
thirsty or brutal, and have great fear that
some Abolition excesses may yet create re-
vulsIon. II this war is to put down rebellion.
Pennsylvania is all right, but if it is to free ng-
gers and help them TO become cut-throats and
ineendiaries, the sooner we know 1t the better.
The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1861-06-21
SOMETHING WRONG.

On Tuesday morning number OF compa-
mes from Carp Chambers" near tbis place,
broke The Guards and rushed 10 town TO procure
something 10 eat. These men appear perfectly
reckless anu desperate and must become utterly
dsmoralizrd unless their wrongs are speedily
rIghied. They complain bitterly Of The scarcity
OF provison~ -the meat, they say, Is frequently
pulr,d and the bread never IN sufficient quantity,
and oftenimes none at all, which, they state
was the case all day Monday and Tuesday
morning. The hungry men would stand il no
longer and made rusb to town for something
10 eat We do not know VII, iher il is 50 red
tape," or TOO much Whiskey, that occasions
this shameful neglect Of the men, but from
whatever cause il proceeds, we hope to see it
rpmeded speedily and tfftctually. We Intend
to stand up for the rights of our volunteers and
~ ..ss their condition is improved, and their ne
sssry wants supplied, We will bs compelled
al expose thai may occasion some tiut-
among the " Brass buttons, "-pGItey
SUfJL