davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-02-26

Sec Ne enacted, &C. That executive department be,
the same hereby established be called the Navy De
pzrtment .
See Re il further enacted, that the chief ooer OF the
be called the Secretary o the NAVY and
shall the direction aud control Of the President have
charge Of all things connected With the navy OF
the and perform al such duties apperain
navy shall from time 10 time be assigned to him
by the President
SEQ further enacted That said Secretary shall be
t orized appoint chef clerk aud such other clerks as
may DC lound ne seasary and be authorized by law
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-02-26

GUN CO.'S AMERICAN AGENCY AID READING
~ Rooms American rapas Kent on ijc. No. 10 strand
london ". o.
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31
The Southern Traitors.

The movement for disruption begar
at Charleston in the Democratic Con
vcntion as long ago as April last. The
originators of it refused to be placatcd
there unless everything should be sur
rendered to them and they don't be
gin to intimate now that they could
be seduced back to their allegiance
under any circumstances. They seem
bent on Dissolution and Revolution
from spirit of mere " eussedness.'
Carcsscs and nursery cooings are lost
on such creatures. They need brim.
stone and saltpcter. They need a
touch of the Napolconic discipline,
viz: balls first and blank cartridges
aftcrward. While they stand with
lighted matches in their hands, ready
to violate the American flag and blow
the Union to flinders, should the Gov,
eminent or the People chatter or pal
ter with them? Suppose MassacIu.
sets stood in the place Of South Caro-
lima Would there be any flag of
truce sent to her, any Cancellation,
any hesitation! How was it with
Kansas a few weeks ago, when that
old Judicial humbug, 10. Williams,
set afloat rumor that company of
JaylIawkcrs were on the war path p
The Geographic currents were not
swift enough to carry Presidential
messages for the speediest, severcst
kinds of coerrionary measures against
the rascally insurgents Why should
South Carolina or any other Southern
State be singled out for special indul-
gcnce in the vilest measure of trea-
son
We have no patience with this sort
of thing! The Laws of the United
States have been grossly violated
Forts, arscnals, and other property Of
the United States are in the hands of
armed forces in open rebellion to Fed
cral authority! Treason stalks def
antly in half a dozen States. Shall
the authority of the L. S. Government
be vindicatcd, or shall its administra-
tors go cringing and creeping to
the Rebels, with offers of timid con-
ccssions to secure few years more
of illusory, if not fatal peace? We
believe in Law, and Order, and Au-
thority We believe this Confedera-
ton of States is one of STRENGTH, not
dependent upon the traitorous whims
of a mob or an insnrrectionary State.
We hope, therefore, all schemes OF
Compromise, whether offered by Mr..
Crittendcn or anybody else, will be
postponed until those whom it is pro-
posed to placatc shall have lain down
their arms and ceased their rebellion !.
--D@buque ItanS.
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31
St. Charles City, Iowa, Jan. 81, 1861.
Beautiful Phenomena.

The singular appearances in the
heavens on Thursday last attracted
the attention Of numerous citizens,
and excited much interest. At first,
bright sundays" were noticed on
either side of the sun, then luminous
ring surrounded the heavens lying
horizontally or parallel with the hori-
zon, and at height on level with
the sun. This ring was cut at right
angles by several other luminous
rings, causing at the point Of inter-
section, very brilliant appearance.
But the grandcst object in the whole
scene was an arc, Or half circle, di-
rcctly at the zenith, lying horizontally,
with its convex side towards the sun,
exhibiting all the colors of the rain
bow and surprising in intensity of
brilliancy any rainbow we ever be.
held. The atmosphere at the time
glistcncd with hoarfrost.
The supcrsti,ious will have it that
this remarkable appearance is the
forcrunncr of some great evil, and
probably portcnds dissolution Of the
Union. Old women thought it meant
not only war;" but even "thc ru-
mors of war!
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31
We learn that the maternity of tho
Piracy on the Mississippi!

Gov. Yates Of Illinois, in his late
Inaugural Address, thus alludes tc
the movement Of Gov. Pettus of Mis-.
sippi, to establish guard over the
commerce of the Mississippi River
and levy tolls to make reprisals from
citizens of other States:
"Can it be for moment supposed
that the people Of the valley of the
Mississippi will ever consent that the
great river shall flow for hundreds OF
miles through foreign jurisdiction,
and they be compelled, if not to fight
their way in the face of the forts
frowning upon its banks, to submit to
the imposition and annoyance OF ar
Jitrary taxes and exhorbitant duties
to be levied upon their commerce.!
believe that before that day shall
come, either shore of the Father of
Waters will be continuous sepulchre
of the slain, and with all its cities in
ruins, and tho cultivated fields upon
its sloping sides laid waste, it shall
roll its foaming tide in solitary grand.
eur, as at the dawn of creation. l
know | speak for Illinois, and be.
lievc for the Northwest, when de-
clare them unit, in the unalterable
determination of her millions, occu-
plying the great basin drained by the
Mississippi, to permit no portion OF
that stream to be controlled by a for
ciSn Jurisdiction"
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31
A Political Trick.

Beyond all doubt, secession is q
mere trick. 1t is so viewed every
where at the South, ont of South Car
olina, and the course of the leading
Democratic politicians at the North
proves that to be the view they take
of it. They seize upon it to make po-
itical capital. They make no other
use of it.
The Southern ruflian has seized the
Union man by the throat, presented a
pistol to his breast, and cries, " seces-
sion or death !"
The Northern ruf1ian looks quietly
on, hands in pocket, and proffering his
unsolicited advice, says, /" You had
better conccde he will be sure to
kill you; or, if you kill him, it will
do no good. Give our Southern broth
err his way 1t is better to conccde
everything rather than have blood
shed"
Now is it not easy to see that these
two ruffianc are accompliccs They
hunt in couples. They arc towards.
While one makes show of violence
and demands your money, the other
makes show of friendship and adj
viscs yon to drop your purse and run.
Well, we will neither yield to the
violcnce,--no act on the advice
MIrauhec Free Democrat
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31
Can't Bear Defeat.

1t is hard thing to own ones self
bcaten,--cspecially when one is the
author of ones own defeat. When no
other retreat is offered, personal
pride comes to the rescue of personal
opinions and prcjudiccs This is the
case with the frightened members of
the Republic of South Carolina. The
sober second thought of a portion of
her population leading to the convic-
ton that the rcbcllious action Of the
State has been suicidal one, they
are at a loss in what manner to make
the admission. They do it silly, but
not very skillfully, in the lachrymose
appeals that they are making to the
Republicans for concession. They ask
them to come down from their elc-
vation,"-to make such advances to
the slave power as that power can al
ford, in all dignity, to accept, there
by enabling it to rcccdc from its
belligcrcnt position, without the hui
initiation of defeat.
We don't sec the necessity Of all
this. If the Republican party had cx-
pccted to apologize for their triumph,
they would not have tried to achieve
it. If the tencts Of the party were of
a nature to require apology, they
would not have been successful The
late election was carried, not by any
chicanery or tumnlt, but solely by the
truth Of the principles upon which the
party was based The elevation of
Mr.. Lincoln to the Presidency was an
imperative demand, on the part of the
people, for the government of the
country according to those principles ;
and his acceptance of the post is a
solemn pledge to be faithful to that
demand. If the people are in reality
the rulers, the representatives in the
National Councils have no right to
offer or accept any compromisc.-Bur-
iington Haukegc
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31
The Louisville journal saws !:

A distinguished gentleman, just
from Charleston, informs us that a
fearful reign of terror prevails there
The Secession authorities, knowing
exactly what all the rich men, mcr-
chants and persons engaged in bust
ness of every kind, scvcrally have in
bank, and what means of other kinds
they are supposed to have at their
command, continually levy upon them
accordingly, no man daring to resist
the levy, inasmuch as a wild and in
furiated mob is ready to execute ven
gcance upon every man deemed rcfrac-
tory. Our informant says that the
deepest distress and the deepest alarm
go hand in hand, and that all the rail,
roads and other roads leading from
South Carolina arc thronged with per-
sons escaping from the State as if
they felt that rain Of fire and brim-
stone were already falling upon it,
We earnestly hope there will be no
necessity for the shedding of South
Carolina blood by the General Govern
ment. If South Carolina be but left
to herself little longer, the spirit of
rebellion and revolution will perish
within her borders like rat in an cx-
hausted receiver.
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31
Mr.. Stewards Speech.

Some of the first dispatches in ref
crcncc to Mr.. Stewards speech indica-
ted that he had shown the white fcath.
or. We arc rc.joiced to find on read
ing tue speech in full that this is not
the case. Should the Republican lead.
crs at Washington become weak.
Enced before their southern opponents,
there will be q sundering Of party
ties among the Republican masses at
once. The old Free Soil clement
would set up an independent organi-
cation at once. We notice that this
thing is already threatened in vari-
Gus quarters.
As to the impression in Washing
ton in regard to Mr.. Stewards speech,
we should judge it to be fairly reflect
ed in the following from the cores
pondent of the New York Evening
Post:
Among the many Republicans
whose opinions | have heard upon the
merits of Mr. Stewards speech, not a
few have protested against what they
pronounce the humiliation of nego-
tiating with an enemy menacinS dis.
union and war, but none have detect
ed any surrender of Republican prin-
ciplc. Al! the propositions have been
recommended. l believe, by MAORI
ty Of the Republicans in the House
and Senate Committees on tho crisis
1t may be presumed therefore, that
they represent the average sense Of
the great party of the country"
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31
Nv Great Principle.

What has become of the blathering
crew Of small beer politicians who dc.
claimed so cloquently last summer in
favor of leaving the people Of the ter.
ritorics perfectly free to regulate their
domestic institutions in their own
way? Why does not Douglas bring
forward envy g-r-e-a t p-r-i-n-c-i.p-l-e
and save the Union with it, If it is a
principle it ought to be good for some.
thing in a storm, and he and his friends
ought to stand to it instead of shifting
round and Offering to compromise by
rc.cnactinS the line of SO 80, or ell
acting that all should be slave terri.
tory south of that line. In "a and
ever since, Douglas and his entire
crew Of noisy politicians in the free
States have asserted from every
stump, and in every bar-room and
everywhere else that the Missouri
restriction, prohibiting slavery north
of 36o 30' was unconstitutional. Now
they all take water and offer not only
to prohibit slavery north but freedom
south of that line The old line was
a restriction upon slavcry--the new
compromise, proposed by Crittendcn
and favored by Douglas, is a restric-
ton upon Observation-Disclosures
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31

A REPUBLICAN CoNGREss.--We arc
! likely to have both Houses of Con
gress under the control of the Rcpub'
licans sooner than was expected. The
Senators from Mississippi, Alabama,
and Florida announced through Scna-
tor Brown, recently, that they should
no more take an active part in the
business Of the Senate, though they
should not formally withdraw till fur
thcr informed from their respective
States. Mr.. Toombs has gone home,
and his colleague will doubtless fol-
low. The South Carolina Senators
nave resigned. Here are ten Scna-
tors withdrawn, and the number is
likely to be increased by similar &C.
ton on the part of Senators Benjamin,
Slidcll, Wigfall, and perhaps others.
Thus the Republicans will be left in a
majority. Some difficulty is felt by
the recognition of the retiring gentle
men as still members of the Senate
as some of the committees are no,
left in working state, and yet, &C
cording to the above theory, their
places cannot be filled. But this in.
convenience will probably meet with
"a practical remedy, SO that business
can go forward.
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31
Founding.

On Sunday night last, on the East
the door of Mrs. Dow, who asked per-
mission to be admitted into the house.
She very politely informed them there
was hotel just across the street"
They replied that they didn't care
anything about that they wanted
ed her to open the door-tl,ey would
do her no harm--thcy had watched
her movements for some days, aud
that they knew her to be kind moth
cr, &c, They attempted to open the
door by force. At this she became
somewhat frightened, and told them
they had better leave, or she would
load a gun and blow their brains out
She accordingly loaded the gun and
fired through the door, but missed them,
and went through the bar-room Win
dow of the hotel to which she had re-
terrcd them, coming within few
inches Of taking effect on a man sleep
ing on the lounge. After discharging
the gun they left, stating that upon
opening the door she would find "some-
thing" on her door steps. She dared
not venture to open it for at least two
hours after they left. On opening the
door she discovered bundle and pro-
ceeding to nnwrap it, to her surprise,
new born (naked) infant made its
appearance. Two horse blankets
were wrapped around the little fellow,
and small piece Of paper bearing
the following inscription =" Please
take good care Of nue.. Cal me Olirer
Iria"
The child lived until last evening.
The rough treatment the child received
before Mrs. Dow came in possession
of it, was probably the cause of its
DEATH Waterloo Courier, 18Th inst
We learn that the paternity of the
above founding is charged upon Dr.
Harper, of Waterloo. Upon investi-
CATION before the proper authorities,
the proofs were considered strong
enough against the gentleman to hold
him to bail in the sum Of $500, to APP
pear before the Circuit Court at the
next term. The mother is Mrs.
Lynn, also of that place, whose hus-
band has been absent at Pixies Peak,
for two years or more Cedar Falls
Gazette.
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31
From the Norfolk, va Herald.
An Oligarchy.

The State of South Carolina con-
tains 29,967 plantations, containing
1912, 55l, acres of improved, and IL =
l45, O49 acres of unimproved land, val
ued at$S2, 43l 1884 averaging to each
SAL acres.
The Government is based on the
Constitution of 1890, and the amend
mcnts added to it at various periods.
The right to vote requires freehold
of so acres in ordinary cases. The
Legislature is elected annually. A
Senator must be 80 years old, resi-
dent citizen five years, aud if resident
in the district must own freehold
worth 4300 :; if nonresident, worth
81 900. Representatives must have
resided in the State three years if
resident in the district, must own n
freehold of 500 acres and 10 negroes,
or real estate worth ESQ if non-rcs.
idcnt, must own real estate worth $500.
The Governor is chosen by the Lcgis'
laturc, and must have resided in the
State 10 years, and be possessed of a
settled estate worth 81 500. The
| Licutcnant-Gov is chosen and
must be qualified in like manner.
The people do not vote directly for
Governor or President.
There is no middle class in South
Carolina. The population consists
(out of the towns, which arc few 0!
planters and a sort of peasantry. The
delegates to the Legislature are fire.
quently elected by dozen voters,
(largc landholdcrs,) and the affair is
not uncommonly settled at the dinner
table.
Trade is considered as not exactly
suited to a gentleman. Merchants
(retail) arc called shopkeepers," and
are not upon social equality with
the planter.
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31

5000, on account of each fund on the
first Monday in September following.
1t would become his duty to ascertain
the amount of the orders then out
standing, including the balance due
on those upon which partial payments
had previously been made, which We
will assume t. be $500 on each fund
This would enable him to pay forty
cents on the dollar, which he should
proceed to do, rescrving the whole
amount for that particular purpose as
in the former case, and adopt SINH
lar process in all similar receipts and
disbursements BY this arrangement
there will be q balance of ten cents
on the dollar due on the orders drawn
prior to the first Monday in April, and
balance of sixty cents on the dollar
due on those drawn subsequent to the
first Monday in September. Such we
believe to be the design of the law
See form No IL and note appended
thereto, page GA of the School Laws
for the method Of keeping an account
Of orders drawn on tho district treas
urer. Yours Respectfully,
Thomas II. BENTON, Jr.,
Sec. of the Board.
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31
The Iowa Congressman.

Mr.. T. Ii. Stanton, editor of the
Washington Qowa) Press, is at pres
cnt in Washington city, correspond.
ing with his paper. The following
extract is from his last letter:
For the benefit of Iowa friends Wis.,
iting this city, | may say that they
will find Senator Harlan and family
at CIay's Hotel, on Pennsylvania Az
cnuc, and | may be permitted to re-
mark that there are few ladies in this
city who receive and entertain friends
with more grace aud vivacity than
Mrs. Harlan, while Mr.. Harlan is re.
gardcd as one of the most influential
members of the Senate.
Senator Grimes may DC found lit
tie further up the avenue at . private
boarding house, where he reigns with
Republican independence over nice
suite of rooms, cntCrtains good
many personal and political friends,
stands 10y the Union and swears it
must be preserved.
Mr. Nandcvcr has a house pleasant
ly situated on X. street, between sth
and 9th, where he and his family live
in regular, comfortable, home style.
The people of the district need enter,
tain no fears that the interests they
have intrustcd him will be in any
manner, whatever, compromised. He
has Just sustained sad affection in
his family, in the loss of his youngest
child.
Col. Curtis and his accomplished
daughter have rooms corner OF 9th
and the Avenue, where he dispenses
the inequalities and courtcsies which
have made him SD popular as pri
vatc citizen. lie is one Of the best
men in the House of Representatives
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31
How it Works.

Mississippi secession is working
cxcellcntly well for the Eastern ports
A few days since a Chicago firm pro
posed to send a large shipment o
flour to New Orleans, under the usua
form of insurance, an open policy
But notification from the New York
insurers that they had cancelled Tie p0l-
icy and refused to insure cargocs npon
the Mississippi river, compelled the
Chicago merchants to send their -four
to New York for ocean freight to New
Orleans.
Simultaneously with the above case
comes an announcement by the Chica-
so underwriters that they shall large
ly advance rates of insurance on SUI
gar from New Orleans, which will
tell heavily against the advantages of
New Orleans as sugar market, and
will do much to divert trade to the
Eastern ports. This is all due to the
action of the State of Mississippi,
which, by secession, exposes the mcr-
chandsc of the Northwest to doubt.
full and probably hostile coast. Boats
would be safe nowhere within the iu-
risdiction of that State. 1t is feared
that the needy and the lawleSs would
seize and plumber the boats, and there
would be neither remedy nor redress
If this is the position Of things with
Mississippi out, how long will it take
to kill the trade between New Or.
leans and the Northwest when Louis
lana shall have voted herself out of
the Onion?
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1861-01-31
The Cotton States.

No section Of our country has de-
rived greater benefits from the Aneri-
can Union heretofore than the very
States in which the secession scnti-
mcnt is most formidable-South Caro-
lima, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mis-
sissippi, Louisiana, and Texas. The
anxiety Of the latter to enter our Con.
fedcracy was striking evidence of
her appreciation Of the advantages it
could confer upon her, and certainly
her anticipations must have been
more than realized when we consider
that we not only assumed and finally
disposed of her long-standing quarrel
with Mexico, by defeating and humili-
ating the latter, but that we paid off
all her heavy old debts, and that, in
wealth and prosperity, she has con-
stantly been increasing, with wonder.
full rapidity, since her annexation
Louisiana and Florida were purchased
outrigh. from foreign Governments,
and owe to the power of the Aneri-
can Union not only the freedom they
enjoy, but nearly all their prosperity
1t required all the energy, and much
of the treasure, of the Federal Gov
crnment to finally subdue in Florida,
Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi,
the powerful Indian tribes which once
inhabited them. The rich plantations,
which now send forth their large an
nual products of cotton, would proba,
bly, still be under the control Of their
; ABORIGINAL owners, if the forces Of the
United States had not driven them
from their native haunts, and if the
white settlers had not relied upon the
support and protection Of great ma
ton. South Carolina has always eX.
ercised in the councils Of the nation
quite as much, if not more. influence
than any State of equal population
and has reapcd her full proportion OF
all the benefits it has conferred. She
complains that she has been oncrous
ly taxed, but she will find it utterly
impossible, if her secession ordinance
should really sever her connection
, with the Republic, to secure advan
tagcs equal to those she has hereto
fore enjoyed, without mourning a mucl
larger expenditure than she has here
toforc been subjected to. In what
new Conicdcracy, or under what new
system, can she be as well protected
from invasion and domestic insurrec
ton, and have her rights at home and
abroad as we'll secured, as under the
one from which she appears so anxious
to escape? The expense of our army
and navy, of our diplomatic system,
of our whole machinery Of National
Government, weighs but lightly OF
thirty-thrce States, but any new or
ganization which approaches it il
efficiency would be exceedingly bur
n dcnsomc to any small Confederacy.