Smyrna times., 1861-07-18

| II Jonn Drown ralu, at Harper
Ferry' instead OF being the project OF one mis-.
guided individual, aud a dozen and half delu
ded followers had been the organized move.
ment OF the States of Ohio and PENNSYLVANIA
do the seceders hold that the United States
would have had no right to protect Virginia,
or punish the individuals concerned in her in.
vasIon Do the seeding States really mean
AFTER all, to deny that if State law is passed
TO prevent the rendition of fugitive slaves. the
General Government has no right to effect his
surrrend
But as have said, even the old Confedera.
tion' with all its weakness, was held bv the
aOIest cotemporary statesmen, and that Of the
state rights school, to possess the power of
enforcing Its requsitions against delinquent
State Mr. Jefferson, in letter to Mr.Adams.
OF the lin of July, 1856, on the subject of
providing naval forOe of $50 guns 10 chastise
Inc Barbary Powers, urges, as an additional
reason for such step, that it wonld arm, rho
deral head with the safest of all the instru-
men's OF coercion over its delinquent members
and prevent it from using what would be less
safe" viz: land force. Writing on the same
subject TO MIR. Monroe, a month later (Anr
H. l'o6) he answered the objection of ex.
pehse thus: alt will be said There is no mo.
ney IN the treasury There never will he
money IN the treasury, till the Confederacv
shows It's teeth. The States must see the rod
perhaps 1t must be tet by some of them. Eve
fy rational citizen must wish to see an fleet
I've instrument OF coercion, and should feor
10 see II on any other element than the wafer
Il naval force can never endanger our liberties
nor occasion bloodshed; a land force would do
both In the following year, and when the
confederation was at its last gasp, Mr.. Jeffer-
con was still of the opinion that it possessed
the power OF coercing the State, and that il
was expedent TO exercise il. In la,ter n
Col CarrIngton, of the Attn of April, l787, he
says: 1T has been SO often said as to be GEN
orally believed, that Congress has no power
oy 'he confederation to enforce anything, for
instance, contributions of money. Ii was NOT
necessary to give them that power expressly.
they have 1t by the law of nature. When
Two parties make contract, there results TO
each the power of compelling the other to OK.
ecute 1t. Compulson was never SO easy as in
our case, when single friga,e would soon lew
on the commerce of single State The defc en-
cy OF its contributions"
Such was Mr.. JefIeYson's opinion of tho
power OF Congress under the old "contract of
alliance" Will any reasonable man main
tam 'hat under a constitution Of government
mere Is less power TO enforce the laws!
NOVEL oPPEEssIoNs AND TYRANS1Es
MI Everett dwelt at great length upon the
absurdIty OF the allegation that the Govern.
ment has oppressed the South. On this point
he said:
an oppressive and tyrannical government.
Let us examine this pretence for few mo-.
men's' fret in the general and then in the de.
taIi OF It's alleged tyrannies and abuses.
This oppressive and tyrannicaI Government
Is Inc successful solution Of a problem, which
had tasked the sagacity of mankind from the
Dawn OF civilization, viz: to find form of pol
ny oy which institutions purely popular could
DC extended over a vast empire, free alike from
desPOtIc Capitalization and undue preponder
ahce ot The local powers. 1t was necessarily
a Complex system; Union at once federal and
national. 1t leaves to the sepera,e States the
control OF all matters Of purely local adminia
trallOn, and cUnfdes to the central power The
management of Foreign Affairs and of all other
Concerns in which the Unied family have
JOINT interest. All The organized and delepa.
ted powers depend directly, or very nearly so,
on popular choice. THIS Government was not
imposed upon the people by foreign conouer.
or; 1t IS not an inheritance descending from
barbarous ages, laden with tradilonary abuses.
which create a painful ever recurring necessity
Tor reform; it is not the conceit Of heated en-
thusiasls in the spasms of revolution. IL is
Inc recent and voluntary frame work of an en-.
lIghtened age, compacted by wise and good
men, with deliberation and care, working up.
on materials prepared by long colonial dsci-
pine. n.framng it, they sought to combine
the merits and avoid the defects of former sys.
TENS Of government. The greatest possible
loerty Of the citizen is the basis Just repre-
sen'a'lon the ruling principle. reconciIing with
rare ingenuity the federal eqality Of the States
with the pToportionate influence of numbers
It's legislative an executive magistrates are
freely chosen, at short periods; it's judiciary
alone holding office by more permanent but
still sufficiently responsible tenure. No mo.
0ey bOws in or out of the Treasury but under
the direct sanction Of the representatives of
The People, on whom, also, all the great iuEc.
tIons OF government, tor peace and war, within
The limits already indicated, are devolyed-
lAPPIauSe No hereditary titles or privileges;
no distinction of ranks, no established church.
no courts of high commission are known TO
the systems not dfep of blood has ever flowed
under it's authority for political offence but
this tyraunical and oppressive government