New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1861-01-01
XXXVITH CONGRESS.
SECOND SESSION.
SENATE

| The galleries were crowded. There was a large
crowd about the DOORS Ladies' also, in the lob
| bies and on the floor.
Mr. CRITTENDEN is. Am. X " offered resolution
that portion of the gallery be set aside for Foreign
Ministers ard their families and suites.
Mr.. DAVIS tDem., Miss objected. He thought
| there was no reason for it..
Mr.. MASON Dem, Val spoke in favor Of the reso
Mr.. SEWARD rep, N. y also spoke in favor of
| its passage. Agreed to.
MIR. POWELL Dem. Kyl reported from the
Special Committee Of Thirteen that the Committee had
not been able to agree upon any general plan Of ad-
iustment: He asked that the journal of the Commit
Mr.. DOUGLAS Dem, Ill., said that he wished
to sreak on the subject, but would postpone his
Mr.. CRITTENDEN Is. Am, XVI asked that the
Senate would apart day for the consideration
| of the joint resolution offered by him.
The resolution then made the special order for
Wednesday.
MIR. WILSON, rep, Mass.) offered resolution of
inquiry that the Secretary Of War be requested to In
ann. made at the National Armorics if any had been
| sold, and if 80 at what prices and to whom what
number there were in the rsenas and how they were
| projected. Objected to and laid over
The biz to organize the Territorial Government o
Arizona was taken up.
Mr. TRuslBUIL, rep, ILL., spoke in favor Of
tie ar ,lrncrt Ire amendment TO allow the Next
can law abuisling Slavery to continue in force.
Mr.. GREEN pem., Mo- said that Mr. Browns
amendment did not change any law but only proposed
to continue existing law. He WA in favor OF eav
| ing tie people free to chooee their own laws.
Tie srecia order the bill providing the admission
of Kansas was here taken up ndpostponed until Mon
day next.
Mr.. BENJAMIN, Dem, Lay rose to address the
Senate: He said he had supposed that ere TINS ne
would have had official information OF the position OF
affairs in South Carolina, but in the absence of 1t lac
should that he had such information The South
i Il 81. NArfh hot hoy
were diving them to a point that would result IN
separation aud for this they had only been sneered at
and malgned. He (Benianin) wished to speak IN no
split If TeCIimnaiion but to perform his duty. lie
ago predicting this result Mr. Benjamin here quoted
from the speech he made In 1896, and
in which lie said the time would come
with all the rights of the South because he did not
believe there could be peaceable secession The
words he had then uttered had proved TO be true to-
day. He would to God that the fears of civil war
then expressed would prove only fears but from what
he had Heard il almost seemed if the other side OF
the chamber desired TO bring about civil war. South
Carolina bad declared herse4 separated from the
Union, while other States stand ready to support her
or ele 10 put her down. That Is the real issue, ana
there is TO disguise it, We are not permitted TO
ignore the fact that thc determination TO secede IL not
confined TO South Carolina alone for next week Mis-
eifeipI Alabama, and orids will separate from the
Union; q week after Georgia viii follow them; Il
little later Louisiana will secede, and soon amer
her, Arkansas. Now then, shall We recognize
South Carolina a. free t and i inc eDrl.
The people Of South Carolina had right TO declare
thenf elves ireeit was an inherent inalienable right
South Carolina bad by the voice Of her people met 10
Convention in 1890, and repealed the ordinance made
by her people when they met in Convention in l7sS;
SIR. Benjamin here quoted from speech OF DANIEL
Webstcr's in The Rhode leland case, 70 show that
Convention cf the leOtc. dnly assembled bad proper
mLoriIyl He sysbs,crD had -pid that compact was
not bndirg PATTY rnlcsr the other parer to ii
lived up 10 II aid that corpcct broken by eonlt
Be broken by all iMr. Benjauin! here qnoietd, from
Mr.. Madison TO sustain bis Io.ition.l lie ll'enja-
mini eaid that could find any article
in the Constitution fe1urg 70 bc 1s'd - ooerce
State lie referred e ~. Did Confederation, and
said that nine States se1t IRON for the express
reason that the compact be. cen them was not kept,
and finally all the Sates see'ct bnt Rhode Island aud
North Carolina, leaving the. ne foreign States lie
claimed this n precedent iu tho formation oi The
present Constitution chow The right of State 10
fecede. Who was TO be the judge il compae, was
broken III a compact was broken In Peeunihfy
matter the Constitution provided way 20 setie the
matter, but if it was broken politically the Constu.
ton provided no way. lie read from the debates oil
the Convention which formed the Constitution to show
that the members Of that Convention refused TO maze
the Senate the lndge OF, or give the frerlueh, INC
POWER 10 veto tho action Of State; that hey Refused
10 give Congress the power 10 negative State egi-h
tion and that they specially refused to give any power
to ooeice States; yet, when the State Conventions
came TO Tafy the Constitution complaints were mauo
that the States were not sufficiently secure IL mast
be admitted that certain political rights are guafah-
teed the States but when these rights are denied wher9
il the remedy Suppose that South Carolina should
send two Senators here and the iOrty should ree 10
receive but one what power can compel that majority 10
repair the wrong Suppose that South carolina shoud
then Withdraw from the Union, who could cay 1t was
a violation of the Constitution Suppose again, tnt
a wrong is perpc,nted which does not appear quite
clear to the North, but does appear clear to South
Caronasuppose she is denied access TO the Terrific
ries Il abe without any remedy under the Consttu
ton II there is none then she must DO the Judge OF
the wrong and the mode Of redress. He read an e&-
tract from an address delivered by John Quincy Adams
in New-York In 1888, In which he he said nations
themselves must be the sole judge whether compacts
are broken, and also saying that when al Ira'etlh
feeling was gone between the States, then was une
TO separate in peace and return to their original state
sectional President had row been elected, who could
with the aid of sectional Senate, grant all the dement's
to and appoint from one section all the oeefS III lhe
git of the Government, and thus rum the South
Surpofe that South Carolina Is wrong In beievng tla
WRONG has been done her -til that does not alter the
i.sue whether we shall permit her TO withdraw or
force her back In reply TO the Senator from W scon-
sin Mr. Doolie), lie claimed that citizen was bouni
10 oley his State Government. The Republican Sena-
tors say that they will not coerce state bu enforce
the laws against individuals. But how can hey punish
an individual In State for treason Where are they
10 find the Judge ard jury TO do when all the citizens
in the State think that he has done right? They could
not blockade port without declaring war they coqid
not embargo one port without closing the other ne
claimed that neither Congress nor The President had the
power to 90 into State with military force without
The intervention Of the civil pow,rsome civl process
must precede the military force tie argued Una, they
could not collect the revenue by iorce' oucn .l,
were only pretext TO cover up the real question,
which il no other than this: "Shall we acknowledge
the independence Of seeding State or reduce her 10
subjection by war;" Mr. benjamin here read from
Vattel TO show that tho hyPocrltlcal seeplns %
of Rhadamiscus, who promised MOI 70 use
steel against q captive yet smothered nun