American citizen. [volume] (Canton, Miss.) 1851-1863, 1861-08-03

the purposes IN hand were hot3fF 0~szrfszs-
from either the States Or the peosie, ox fsssm
the legislative Department; while tbs xosee
of the Judiciary. that last resaSe sai Aefe u
liberty, was turned away from Wls4 eea-
tempt.
Sir, the right Il blOcksse-aDd hsg5a
with it's a beili-erenv riSlt, iucisieat e =
state Of war, aud il -snnot BE EXERCISED
until war has been declared or recosalsssl
aud Congress alone can deciarc or ree s-ssise
war. But Congress mas not declared ~ ~
cognized war. On the csnsrary. l. bad 5sat
a little while before expressly Fef1se3 -
declare il, or 20 arm The President witt sse
power 20 make "a. Ard thus sae tsgesisseas,
in declaring blockade Of csrta5n Earss 5f
the Stat ct the SoEth, and la aFs,ss Tag a.
il the rules governing hloeSades a. . sa'esa
independent powers violated tie cgastls4-
ton.
I But II. on the other had. he t3sant 80
+ deal With these States a. ~ io s4e asssa-
and subject 20 Federal ausheFiss. then -
uSurFed a power which heieus~ e. Caarrssss
aloae-the power q abolish aui cin~e sp
ports Of entry; a power, tso al ict Jsssgssss
had al>o refused few weeks before a. sx-
erciSe. And Yet. withoot the rsEesa ~ aA-s-
htion Of ports of entry, any zttemHs ~
either Congress or the fre>iieut g. btaek-
ade these ports i viola,ioa II tse sFiFls. Il
not of the letter. of thar clause II ste sea
situation which declares thar s-ne s'resersnee
shall be given by any reSulation * eazsA-
merce or revenue o. the ports q ene STATE
over those OF another"
/ Sir, upon this point do not sreak wsth-
out the highest authority. In the v<Fy
midst Of the South Carolina unsafeatssa
controversy, &c Was suggested tat la tae
recess Of Congress. and withnnt AS -
govern him, the President. Andrew 1srk~su.
4.
and blockade the port. Bar the hare sax
gestion called forth the Indignant PROTEST e
Daniel Webster. himself the aref Hesay =
notification, and whose brightest tzsrsfs
were won in the three years cpntiacs N tae
Senate Chamber With - ahle~f chansplssas-
In an address, in October, lS32. az Worcss-
ter, Mass, before a National PsYabiseaa
ConveutiOn-it was before the biTta, -
christening at least, Of the Wig party--t1<
great expoander of the constitution sid
I'VE are told, sir. that the President I'll
immediately employ the military lovee, ana
at once blockade Charleston A military
remedy, a remedy BY direct beillsersat ogs
Grafton, has thus been suggested. and nkshing
else has been suggested. as ale fnfeEdes2
means Of preserving the Cnion. Sir, tASve
is no little reason 10 think tAat this ss1Gges-
ton i true. We cannot be airogetber ass-
mindful of the past, and Therefore we ean-
not be altogether UuspprehenSive - tie
future. For one, sir, rai>e my voice BE-
farehand against the authorized enpleyusut
Of military power, and AGAINST suFer~esisus
the authority OF the laws. BY an ara 81 eaFce
under pretense oi putting doFyn nalhfcaIjan-
TIE PTesiaeat has 40 ostiority e 3lso2.als
Charleston
jackson, jackson. SIR the -rcas Jacksoss
did not dare u 40 IL Witaout autaorisv -
Congress; but cur JaeS~on of to-day, tae
little jackson at the other end oi thc axenae.
and the Iainic Jacksons srauu1 liss, a.
blockade, not oniy Charleston Asrbor, eut
the whole Southern cpast, thFee tlsa~ta.s
miles in extent, by = single stroke * t-e
pen.
The President las no authority 60 esaplax
military force till he shall be ,laly required
mark the WoFl--~ree4iFs.i ''--~s g. ia =
Law and the civil authorities. lis daty j.
20 cause the laws "a be executed. HIS 4@ty
Is 10 support the civil authority"
As in tie MerEymaa case, kFsootA; bug
shall reeur to that hereafter.
Ills duty IS If tbs laws be resisted, q
employ the military sorce ~ tAe coaatry, e
necessary, for their s0Ppogt aud gxeegsle-Ds
bit g ID aH tkis Ga csas. sisaca e.-ig ri-& sze
and s-ish re esrfsioas U fse lrits.s.i-- ll -
any Ingenious devices, those who RESIST tae
laws escape from the reach ST jul'cei za-
thoeity, a II i now PEoviie.i o. te cNeECi-a8.
it Is entirely competent isr C.a7rssa r. uazae
such new provisions a. the eS -cncy < Sas
case may demand
Treason, sir, rank TREASON. an tAis fe-slsy.
And yet, thirty years ago. "a Wa true ta..ssa
patriotism and s0and constitutional las
Sir, prefer the wisdom and sierra a1sasX
to principle of the fathers.
Such was tae voice OF Webster, AMI saeh.
too, let me add, the voice, la bls Last gFsat
speech IN the Senate, OF tLs Douglas, = asse
death the land now moarus.
Next after the blockade, sir, 10 tie eafa-
logue of daring Executive u>nFfatiens, cosaes
the proclamation az tie Sd af Nav sRk tlse
orders of the War aud Navy Departments ~
pursuance Of it--a proclamation and usu=-
patton which wou,d have cost any Enzas>b
sovereign his head at any time wfsbsa as
last two hundred years SIR, the ceu>titn-
ton not only confines 20 Cs1gEes tbs riShf
TO declare war, bnt expressly provides that
Congress mot abe PreSidcRtl shall hsxx
power to raise and support aFEnie>s" AM
provide and maintain a Bavy-N Ia paFsa-
ance of this authority, Congress. years 49,
had fixed the number Of olsiceFs. All 81 as
regiments, Of the different kinds of s~rxsss.
and also the number If sAips, o4sieers.
marines, and seamea which should eunnpo~e
the navy. Not only that, but Congress h4s
repeatedly, within the last tive years. refaS-
ed 10 increase the regular army Mere than
that still; in February and March last. tke
House, upon several test votes. repeatedly
and expressly refused 70 anthorize tAe Pres
ident to accept the service Of volunteers for
the very purpose Of protecting the paAlac
property, enforcing the laws and collecting
the revenue. And yet the President. &C hls
own mere viii and authority, AID In viola
ton Of the constitution. has proeee.led - IN
crease, and has increased, the standing arsny
by twenty-five thousand men, the n-vy b
eighteen thousand; and has called Cor and
accepted the services IF forty rVsitaeafs
of volunteers for three years, Numbering
forty-two thousand men. AMI ta4kias tha- =
grand army OF military forve. raised b. Ex-
ecutive proclamation alone, without Szaefloa
Of Congress, without warrant Of Law, and Ia
direct violation Of the constitution and IL -
oath Of Office, OF eighty-tive thousand soldiers
enlisted for three and five years and ALREADY
in the field And vet the President ~.
asks US to support the army which he las
thus raised; to ratify his u>nrpation b. ar
ex pest Jfsrcfo, and thus 70 make ourselves
parties To our own degradation and 10 lis
/ attractions OF the constitution Neaax kile,
| however he haS taken rOri care rae s.xs1x