The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-03-23

THE FRENCH GOVERNMENT AND AMERICAN AFpAIRs
Mr. Gaillardet, the Paris correspondent of the
"Courrier des Etats Unis and who also, by his ar
ticles in the Paris Presse, contributes very mate
rally to the formation of public opinion in France
relative to American affairs, writes as follows to
the Courier:
"France saw with sincere and unanimous regret.
discord appear in the bosom of a confederation
which is in part its own work, and whose power is
necessary to its interests. The wishes of France
| were favorable to a reconciliation and to the
maintainance of the Union. The Emperor Napo-
| leon openly expressed this wish to Mr.. Faulkner
and has abstained from saying or doing anything
which could encourage the separation Of the
| South, despite the advantages which such a sepa
ration promised to the commerce of Europe in gen
eral, and to that of France in particular. But to-
day, the division of the Union is accomplished; and
| at the moment when the Confederate States of the
South apply themselves to enarging the free
dom of their ports to foreign industry, the
| North restricts the entrance to its harbors.
While those lower their tariff, these raise theirs
| 1t is the slave States who show themselves pro-
gressive, and free States who show themselves
retrograde. The American people, which is so
practical, may understand that Europe should be
little like itself, and go whittier its interests CALL
The Southern Confederacy by prohibiting the
slave trade. has forestaed the moral opposition of
Europe. There will be in America only five more
free ports for US. This is what the Republicans of
the North should not forget ifit is not already too
late The Nontteur says, the new tariff should be
one of the first sacrifices made to their reconcilia
ton with the South; otherwise Europe will end by
seeing only fortunate event in a separation which
she at first deplored; and it will become not onlv
right but duty for us to recognize the in de-
pendence of the new Confederacy."
RUSSIAN OPINION OF OUR RAILWAY system
! Baron Sternberg, one of the most respected and
able of the noblemen of Russia has Just made a
| careful tour of observation of the Baltimore and
ONO Railroad, as Tar as Parkersburg and Wheel
ing, in company with Capt. Ohmann, of the Impe-
| rial Engineers, and Baron Osten Sacken Secretary
of the Russian Legation at Washington These
gentlemen were greatly struck with the strong pc
cuarities that mark this celebrated line of rail
way, which they pronounce more bold and attrac-
| tive than any railway in the Old World not even
excepting that over the Saumering Alps The
object of the Baron's visit to this country is to
spend six months in the careful study of the Amer
llcan railroad system, for the purpose of reporting
to his government, with a view to building 7ery
extensive railroad works throughout the Southern
and Western part of the empire Wash. Cor. ".
| York Herald.
MILITARY ORGANIZATION OF THE CONFEDERATE
STATEs.-Three military bills have passed the
Southern Congress. The first authorizes the rails
ing of one hundred thousand volunteers when
deemed necessary by the President. The second
provides for the provisional army of the Confede-
rate States, and is formed from the regular and
volunteer forces of the different States, to serve
for terms of enlistments, with officers except
those above the rank oil colonel. The comm lsslonS
of the officers expire with the enlistment of the
men. The third organization is the regular army
of the Confederate States, and is a permanent es-
tablishment.
HOTEL CoMPuLsIoN TO PAY BILL.-A certain hote
in New York, states contemporary, was orna-
mented last week with framed card, hung up in
a conspicuous place, and giving the names of the
persons, male and female, who, during the past
two years, had left without paying their bills
One lady is down on the list as having left, owing
seventy dollars,