The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-03-18
CONSTITUTION OF THE CONFEDERATEL
STATES-THE CHANGES INTRODUCED

Confederate States have adopted their organic
law the Constitution of the United States They
have followed implicitly the arrangement of the
old Constitution, not only to the mode of d.
vision into articles, but also its sequences the Sec
tions and clauses far possible being the same
| in both and numbered in similar manner. There
are, however, certain notifications made and some
new clauses introduced, which for the information
of our readers we here append. By comparing
the clauses of the old Constitution with the follow
ing extracts taken from the instrument adopted
by the Southern Confederacy, the differences be-
tween the two will readily be seen.
| ARTICLE 1-sECTIoN @
| Chaps. $3.50 The number of Representatives shall
not exceed one for every fifty thousand but each State
snail nave at least one Representatives and until such
enumeration shall be made, the State of South Carolina
shall be entitled to choose sxthe Sta Georgia ten
the State Of Alabama nnethe State of Florida
State of Mississippi seventhe State Louisiana Six
| and the State ofTeXas six.
SECTION s.
The Congress shall have power
l. To lay and collect duties mposts and excises
for revenue necessary TO pay the debts provide for
defence and to carry on the government of the
Confederate States but bounties shall granted from
the treasury shall any duties importa
onS foreign be laid to promote or foster anv
branch of industry; and all duties mposts and excises
shall be uniform throughout the Confederate States
B. To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and
among the several States and with Indian tribes but
neither this any other clause contained in the con-
stution shall ever be construed to delegate power to
men intended to facilitate commerce. except for the pur-
pose of furnishing lights beacons and buoys and other
aids to navigation upon the coasts and the Improvement
haoors and the removing of distractions in river
igation in all which cases, such duties shall be laid on
the navigation facilitated thereby may be necessary
| to pay the costs and expenses thereof
4. To establish uniform laws of an
i9r Jaws on 1ne subject OF bankruptcies throughout the
Confederate States, but no law of Congress shall dis
charge debt contracted before the passage of the
same:
7. To establish post Offices and post routes; but the ex
penses of the Postoce Department after the first dav of
March, in the year of Lord eighteen hundred and six
| ty three, shall be paid out of its revenues
| 8.
l. The importation of negroes African race from
any foreign country other than the savehodng States
territories of the United States of America hereby
forbidden and Congress required pass such laws
| shall eGectually prevent the same.
Congress shall also have power to prohibit the in
PRODUCTION of slaves from any State not member Of or
territory not belonging to, this Confederacy.
A. No bill of atainder post fdcto law or law de-
nyng or lnpang the right of property in negro slaves
shall be passed
2 No State SHALL without the Congress
lay any mposs or duties imports exports except
what may be absolutely necessary for executing its
spection laws; and the net produce of all duties and i'm
laid by any State on imports or experts, shall be
of Congress.
No State shall, without consent of Congress lay
any duty of tonnage except seagong vessels the
improvement of its rivers harbors navgated by the
said vessels but such duties shall not conflict with any
treaties of the Confederate States with foreign nations;
and any surplus of revenue thus derived SHALL after
making such improvement he paid into the common
treasury shall any State keep troops ships war
IN time OF peace, enter into any agreement compact
with another State, orwith foreign power engage
in war, unless actually invaded or in such imminent
danger as will not admit of delay. But when any river
divides flows through or more States they NAV
enter into compacts with each other to improve nav
cation thereof.
ARTICLE dissection l.
l: The Executive power shall be vested in a President
of the Confederate States of America. He the Vice
President shall hold their offices the term of six
but the PRESIDENT shall not be reegible The President
and Vice President shall be elected follows:
NO person except natural born citizen of the Con
ederate States or citizen thereof at the time of the
adoption of this Constitution, citizen thereof
the United States prior to the goth of December 1860
shall be eligible to the office of President.
SECTION
5. The principal officer in each of the Executive De-
partments and all persons connected with the diplomatic
service, may be removed from office the pleasure of
the President All other civil officers of the Executive
Department be removed time by President
or other appointing power when their services
cessary or for dishonesty incapacty, inefcency
conduct neglect of duty; and when so removed the
removal shall be reported to the Senate together with
the reasons therefor.
4. The President shall have power to fill all vacancies
that may happen during the recess of the Senate by
granting commissions which shall expire at the end Of
their next session. but rejected by the Senate
shall be reappointed to the Office during their
ing recess.
ARTICLE Iv.-sEcr1oN2 q
l. The citizens of each State shall be entitled all
privileges and immuntes of citizens in the severa
States and shall have the right Of transit aad sojourn
State of this Conederacy with their slaves and ohe
property and the right of property in said slaves shal
not be thereby impaired
2 person charged in any State with treason felony
other crime against the laws of State who ha
flee from justice and be found in another State SHALL
demand of the Executive authority of the State from which
he fed be delivered to be removed to the State having
jurisdiction of the crime.
s. No slave other person held to service labor in
State territory Of the Confederate States, unde
the laws thereof, escaping lawfully carried int,
another shall in consequence of any law regulation
therein, be discharged from such service labor
shall be delivered up claim of the party to whom
such slave belongs or to whom such service labor MAJ
be due.
SECTION s.
1. Other States be admitted into this Conlederac,
by vote of wothirdS of the whole House of Represen
taves and twothirds of the Senate, the Senate votn
by States.
g. The Confederate States may acquire new territory
and Congess shall have power egslate and proYid
governments for the inhabitants of all territory belong
to the Confederate States lying without the limits
the several States and may permit them at such times
and in such manner it may by law provide,
States to be admitted into the Confederacy In all
territory the institution of negro slavery it
lists in the Confederate States, shall be recognized
protected by Congress and by the territorial
and the inhabitants of the several Confederate State
and territories shall have the right to take to such
tory any slave lawfully held by them of the State
a or territories of the Confederate States.
i T. The Confederate States shall guarantee to ever
State that now is or hereafter may become a member
this Conederacy republican form of government,
shall protect each of them against invasion; and on ar
plication of the Legislature Tor of the Executive whe
the Legislature is not in SESSION. against domestic viz
: lence.
!, ARTICLE v.-sECrIoN l.
l. Upon the demand of any three States legally a
semoed in their several Conventions the Congress sha
summon Convention of all the States to take into cor
sderaon such amendments to the Constitution as tn
sald states snail concur in suggesting at the time whe
the said demand is made and should any of the propose
amendments to the Constitution be agreed by the
), ventonvoting by Staes-and the same be ratified
ii the Legislatures of twohirds of the States
Conventions in thirds thereof-as the
mode of ratification may be proposed by the general
vention-they shall thenceorward form a part Of tn
Constitution But State shall, without its consent
deprived OF its equal representation in the Senate
ARTICLE VI.
1. The Government established by this Constitution
the successor of the Provisional Government
ederate States of America and all the passed Il
is latter shall continue in force until the shall be
peaed or moded and all the officers appointed by IL
shall remain in office until their
~ pointed and qualified, or the offices abolished.
The numeraton in the Constitution of certain rgh
ID shall not be construed to deny disparage others
q tanned by the people of the several States.
The powers not delegated to the Confederate Stat
by the Constitution, prohibited by it the State
reserved to the States, respectively the peoI
y thereof
u ARTICLE VII.
ht l. The ratification of the conventions of five Stat
shall be sufficient for the establishment of this Constit
ton between the States ratifyng the same
2 When five States shall have ratified this Constit
ton in the manner before specified the Congress unJ
h the Provisional Constitution shall prescribe the time
holding the election of President and Vice President
for the meeting of the Electoral College, and for cou
III ing the votes, and naugurating the President TIL
TO SNAIL also prescribe the time fer holding the
RS OF members OF Congress under this Constitution. and
ee time Tor assembling the Until assembling
such congress- the Congress under the Provisional c.
sttuton shall continue to exercise the legislative pow
an tharH Ak