, 1861-07-31

ard pay It'll quota OF the tax, receiving there.
for discount Of fifteen per centum, and may
also Offset any clsim It may hold against the
United slates, arom its share. Otherwise it
lem, to be oigantzed ind administered at the
Expense of the U1n:ed States, to collect the
tax throughout the Union. -. :
This measure is met with most strenuous
opposition from various quarters. The repre-
Eentatiyes Of the agricultural interest are
uEon lana, leaying~ the capitalist, the mer--
Chant and the money lender untaxed, unless
pntfesEed Of real estate. The Impoverished
Northwest, IN the present condition Of the
country, could never pay euch tax, unless it
ns eos e9qas 9 a%SSnE IT. the 70
tenn the farmer, whose industry is already nm
der heavy contributions to pay interest upon
his farm, would be<Dwpelled to pay direct
ta1npon land held under: heavy mortgage,
while the holder Of the mortgage, aud feeip.
acoi-free:: The: bIn edn never pass in It's pres.
ent unequal shape. Whether It can be au1end-
ed 20 80 to t2X incomes and personal property
and still fulfil the requirements Of the Con.
stitutlon regarding the levy Of direct .ta1es,
misfortune that The ::coastit1tioa i 10 :strict
in requiring all direct taxes,to be imposed In,
proportion to espppulatinn. By. this rule,
great inequality and Injustice Is wrought to
ward the newly settled States, which are rich
in. population, but deacient IN money, capital.
Rhcde Island, containing five times the bank
Ing and manufacturing capital Of Illinois. is
taxed only $125.445, while Illinois has to pay
$1,I96W. Surely some method should he
as this, even 1--we hare TO amend the Gonsti-
:tutIcn in order to bring 1t about - ::
The other branch Of this direct tux bil1-tha
excise aud impost pcftion-wil1 probably pass
both Housef. llt imposes license and duty
upon liquor manufacturers as foflows:':- -
cents per gallon on all distilled spirits, ten
cents per gallon on every still used for man
ufacturipg ,Epirituons liquors, 20 .c.nts per
gallon OF capacity ofstill for each month Of use;
80 CENTS per gallon fer three months; 50 cents
Per gallon for six menths. and 81 50 per gal-
|; The 5ill also imposes dnty Of 81 90 each on
gold -Watches,, and ffty, cents each on silver
watches, payable annually. - :
1t also imposes yearly duty On carriages Of
cse1r description, intending railway carriages
smount Of 4 en ii iHors5 : from s56 to s1o5 o.
s. on all worth from Sl00 10 800; SIG on ali
worth from $500 to- $400: S:.3 on a}1 worth
from s4o0 to $Gc0 $50 on eli worth from 5000
to t9 ssS sS0o, and $40 On all worth from $500 to
TIE only othez Imrost leyied by tho bill is
cn bark 1otee. It imposes 8 year!y DUTY Of
cue doEar on each enc hundred dollais of
p1cmiesory notes or bills issued for circulation
as currency, Of denpninstion below SO; aud
cu'y Of fifty ceLts per 500 on all suca notes
ra:d d:by the corporation, association, or iadi-
yiGual issu!r s then.t.
| The clicf object of, these direct taxes is to
I, piedEcp ce1taln ard reliable revenue for the
regular payr1snt: Of fhe Interest on the large
| public debt which must be created by tbs war.
{i1n% n&$4 LII 4h,v-.
T. ceeds of tho tax on tss, coflae aud suga., as
| al.o any ci1ect impesl or excise duties which
may BIZ 1eTisd are pledged for the payment Of
Ii. public interest. THIS pledge IL Of great
value to the lerder on United States securities
und i'll doubtless bring tho negotiation OF the
loan down to the limits Of q reasonable aud
There Is one remark, However, which should
be made IN connection with these times of
c1traosda1ary: expenditure and diminished
revenue; It becomes the government to en-.
force cuItaiiment of-cxpenses in ali It's de-
pa1tments, wherever 'poaslble; md it Is h;eh
!, time that the SALARIES Of officers cpnuected
! With the two Houses of Congress should 'be
/; reduced at least ten per cent; as recommend
/ I'd t3 Secretary Chase IN his last report There
ia no colof Of propdety; IN paying score or
'eix hours day;Tfor. sbout four montSs' At I
certain door, when thousands cau be found
ready and willing to Do It for haf the 'anouns.
There: 10 no :sensesin hiring hundreds Of
eleiks.to cipher s'r houtsa daS, atftom 81 200
to 81 lemSpercannum,:Wh when sthousande Of
aonndantly competent book ktkeepers rout Of
| employment, would b. glad to III their places
tor tWo'thirds the talafy, OF eycn lese.>- There
nave been heavy reductions every where else
except in the departments Of government; let
It @ Be introduced there, speedify;:or tha people
VIII hare t1st canse tq complain:
And let the~ork2 public buildings
be discontinued, nnhl We settle :foraver,t6e
question to whom they. belong: What pro:
pnety Is there. in ..pushing forward, at heavy
Capitol dome extension, ,~whsn jeff Davis
| 8 Co: are Suffered to 1pproach with impunity
Within alx miles Of the Capitol, and defy the
| national authority. In arms when the Sec
! Ietasy :of:the Treasury. Ii Just authorized by
annnm' for money borrowed to carry on the
goyernment?, . Let such needless expenditures
| close. ~ r.. -, = - "A, :
l : ~ =