davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28
Tho Conduct Of tho War.

We have recently been at Washington
our first visit since the week of Mr.. Lincoln s
inauguration and We can speak knowingly
now Of what we only hoped for, on the 4th
of March. About to leave the country, 1t
was natural that we should DO admitted to n
knowledge Of the action and purposes OF the
Government, which would not have been
necessary or secmly il no such absence was
in contemplation and while the knowledge
thus acquired was intended only to enable US
to discharge more readily duties IN another
sphere, we feel authorized tospcak generally
of what the President has done and what he
is prepared to do. Not called upon to speak,
ir we did no, cordially approve, our course
would be discreet silence but knowing we
have that to say which will afford general
satisfaction, and at the same time be consid.
cred authentic. we hold 1t to beIight to state
certain facts in connection with the Govern.
ment.
In the first place, what was only anticipa-
ton has become demonstrated reality
Abraham Lincoln, to great amiability Of
character and knowledge Of men, unites
self.reliance and 6rmncs to an extent rarely
equallcd. He is. in short, the man for the
crisis; and what the country is deeply inter-
cstcd in knowing, gives tone to the Admin
istration, instead Of being moulded by the
men and circumstances by which he Is sur
rounded. His theory is-"This rebellion
must be put down, and that speedily, cost
what It may. Time is money. The war
must be brought to close next winter, at
any cost. Better employ four or even five
hundred thousand men, and close tho war in
ono winter campaign, than carry IL into an
other year by an economy Of men and mon
ey. Say what forco you want and It is at
your service only bear in mind that tho
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28
Last Words Of Senator Douglas for
Tho Union.

Senator Douglas and wife reached Chicago
on tchir return from Washington on the even.
ing of the LIST Of May, and were met at the
depot by an immense a~cmblago Of citizens
Of all parties, who insisted on escorting Mr..
Douglas in procession to the great Wigwam,
which was already packed with ten thousand
persons. Room having been made for the
admission Of Mr.. Douglas, he was addressed
by Thomas b. Bryan in behalf Of Chicago as
follows:
SENATOR DOUGLAS Chicago turned from
parting with her brave volunteers, to extend
her right hand to you in cordial welcome.
Their departure and your arrival are alike
invested with peculiar interest, for both you
and they enjoy the proud consciousness Of Fl.
deity to that flag, which, though now as
sailed by impious hands ever has been, and
with the blessing Of God, ever shall be-
the symbol Of our nations glory.
Sir. when last you were welcomed to Chic
ago, 1t was by tho hearty applause Of party
friends, anxious for your elevation to the
highest Office in the gift ofthe American peo-
pie; now this vast assembly convened irres-
pectivc Of party, in the very hall erected BY
your political opponents, does homage to
your patriotism.
This then q Republican wigwam. nOr
baptized anew as "National Hail." greet'
you with the plaudits Of ten thousand loyal
hearts.
In the momeutous issues Of the present
the political strifcs Of tho past sink into ut
] ter insigui6cance. Then the nation was a'
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28

LAWS or NecEssrTY.-Tbe Philadelphia Pres
publishes the following extract from letter
Of Thomas Jefferson, which has bearing on
the habcas corpus argument Of Chief Justice
Tancy. The great Virginia statesman main.
tanned at the period the EXTREMIST views Of
the inviolablc character Of the writ Of habeas
corpus. The extract is taken from a letter
to J. B. Colvin, written Sept. 10, 1910:
The question you propose, whether circum.
stances do not sometimes occur which make
it a duty in officers of high trust to assume
authorities beyond the law, is easy Of solution
in principle, bat sometim:s embarrassing IN
practice. A strict observance Of the written
law is doubtless one Of the high duties Of q
good citizen but it is not The highest. The
laws Of necessity, Of sclf.preseryation. of siv-
ing our country when in danger, arcof higher
obligation. To lose our country by scru-
pulous adherence to written law, wouldbe to
lose the law itself, with life, liberty. property.
and all those who are enjoying them with us;
thus absurdiy saerifeiny The end 10 he means.
When in the battle OF Germantown, Gen.
eral Washinston's army was annoyed IRON
Chew's house, hc did not hesitate To plant his
cannon against it, although the property ola
citizen. When he bcsiegcd Yorktown, he
levclcd the suburbs, feeling that the laws Of
property must be postponed to the safety OF
the nation. While the army was before York
the Governor Of Virginia took horses, car
riascs, provisions, and even men, by force, to
enable that army to stay together till 1t could
master tbcpublic enemy ;and he was justified.
A ship at sa in distress for provisions. meets
another having abundance, yet refusing
supply the law OF seli.prcscrvation author
izcs the distressed to take supply by force.
In all these cases, the unwritten laws OF ne
cessity, Of self.pr~srvation, and Of the public
safety, control the written laws Of mum and
fuum.
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28

A SHARP WoRp ERox KNrrckr.-Thc
following Is an extract Of business letter
received in Boston from prominent manu-
facturcr in the eastern part Of Kentucky, who
voted for Bell and Everett:
"was ever such mad and wicked folly be-
fore known as this secession? Had South
Carolina set frc to every building within her
borders. the evil and misery would have been
nothing compared to what she is now invo-
king. And yet there is no staying her up
lifted arm the demon Of evil has ssized her.
and all hcr people arc possessed. Apractical
test, however, will speedily open tho eyes OF
her deluded people before tho wheels Of tho
new Government can bc set In motion, the
burdens will become 50 terrible that the 70.
action will overthrow the traitorous villains
who have mislcd and plunged her into ruin. I"
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28
VOL. XVII.

the sun rose and set north of our parallel, of
course the corn on that side got little sun
shine in spite Of US. Nevertheless with cx-
actly the same culture as its neighbor over
the fence received, it only attained two-thirds
the height, not half the size Of stalk, and
maturcd ten days later, yielding one very
modest car per stalk, while the south side
stalks gave US in almost every Instance three |;
one on each stalk being invariably larger
than any three that we could find over the
G.nee.u
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28
agricultural.
Tho Suns Heat Essential for Corn.

Every farmer who has studied closely the
growth Of cereals, has not failed to mark the
wonderful influence which sunshine has
upon their growth. The following remarks
on the value Of warmth in corn culture are
from an essay by Mr.. Randall:
{" As corn, more than any other OF our
cereals, requires, during the whole period OF
its growth, an unstinted supply of sunshine,
not only over the surface Of the field, but
down. on, through and among it, the econ
omy of planting should always, as tar as cir
cumstances will permit, be adapted to this
requirement; the row IN the field running as
nearly cast and west as may be, that the
grown and lower portions OF the stalks may
have the full benefit Of the morning and
evening sun. During the coru-grOwing
season, the sun, during the middle of the
day Is at an altitude so nearly vertical, that
its rays find their way down through the To-
liasc, and between the rows very readily
II, instead Of planting their corn in hills,
rO,red both ways, four feet apart, two stalks
in q hill. our farmers would plant in drills.
Elk feet apart, running always east and west.
having the stalks from ten to twelve inches
distant from each other. they would soon find
the benefit Of this mode Of culture. both in
the excess Of crops and the earlier maturity
OF the grain. Aprodisious yield Of pump
kins may be obtained from field thus plant
Cd, and rs the vine Of the pumpkin draws
more than eighty Per cent. Of its nourish-
ment from the atmosphere, they return u
good deal more thar value received to the
soil. in the grateful shade OF their broad
leaves during the fierce heat of a midsam.
mer's day.
An old farmer, OF long practical expert
encc, once argued to US that actual sunshine
was by no means necessity Of the best de-
vclopmen, Of Indian corn, provided Ii was
supplied with plenty Of common daylight
In order to test our position fairly, we plant.
cd twenty hills OF the ordinary Kentucky
gourd seed corn. on the north side Of Close
board fence ten feet high, and running due
east and west. On the south side Of the
fence We planted like number Of hills oi
the same corn. As from April to Ssptembsr
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28
Mlistellaneous.
THE FACE AT THE WINDOW.

1t was woman's face saw as drew
rein at Cuthbert Hall-a pale, calm, almost
proud face with large Creole eyes, and coal
black hair, looped away from the cheek in
heavy and shining folds.
had seen many more beautiful faces dur
ing my winters in New York and Washing
tommy summers at Cape May, Newport,
and Nahant; and, besides, was expecting
TO meet at the hall a certain Southern belle
and heiress, sister.in-law Of the friend who
had invited me to his house. So gave on
ly passing glance at the pale stranger, and,
dismounting. rang the bell. y slave an
swered the summons, and. conducting me in
to the library, went to call his master. In
few moments the door opened, and the la
dy whom had seen at the window, came in,
with two curly-haircd children clingins
about her. She badc me good morning in q
voice sweet as the thrill of lute-string, and
said, with some embarrassment
Il am sorry that Mr.. and Mrs. Cuthbert
are both out riding
'Ah? and so am L. was the answer 'but
I suppose they will not be long, for though
they did not expect me to-day, wrote to
them should probably be here this week
Then you are Mr.. Vincent
Richard Vincent, at your service and
now introduce yourself
.I-I-am'-she paused, wound one of
the little girls ringlcts about her finger, in
her confusion, and began again, 4" | ami
once more she hesitated. and | resumed:
Il have guessed it-you are the governess!
she smiled, but the color mounted to hSr
very temples.
Poor and proud, l soliloquised; how
that blush becomes her!'
At this moment we beard the tramp OF
horses feet, and saw Cuthbert and his beau
tiful wife dashing up the broad rvenue lead
ing to the mansion. The governess hastily
left me, and shortly after saw her talking
to my friends in the verandah. Their brief
conference over, my host and hostess entered.
and gave me a cordial welcome which is the
characteristic of the South. When the
greetings had been interchangcd, turned to
Cuthbcrt, and said
Pray where is Miss Dupont, the charm
ing sister.in'law Of whom you spokcr lie
and his wife exchanged significant slauces,
and | continued -" am all impatience to
see this paragon; don't keep me SO long in
suspense "
Il will not; you viii meet at dinner,'
The next morning the drcssing-bell rang,
anil the hos, led the way to the guest cham
Der where he left me to make my toilet. In
those days was not Indifferent to my per-
.oual sppeannee, and with the aid of an at
tentive slave arrayed myself in the most
elegant suit my wardrobe afforded.
Il wonder IL shall suit tho heiressf' i
queried mentally, Us l took a last survey in
the mirror and descended to the dining hall
There, near the table, sat Cuthbert and hil
wife, the face | had seen at the window, and
not tar from the gOverness young lady
with fair complexion, blooming cheek
the sunniest Of blue eyes. and a profusion Of
golden hair. Twas eonnoiseur in ladies'
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28

A SCENE IN rux n. II. RpoNEyr.-Thc
Transcript has the following from CORES
pondent:
"a most exciting scene transpircd at the
New Hampshire encampment Saturday AFTER
noon, while tho firing at Arlington Heights
was going on. The regiment was drawn up
about the chaplain, Rev. Mr.. Abbott. who
read chapter in the Bibles and then gave out
hymn. Each man drew hymn book from
his breast pocket, and the hymn was sung to
the tune Of The Red, White and Blue the
entire regiment joiningin the chorus. In his
prayer, the chaplain alluded to the fight prob.
ably going on, and said, % Lord grant
that our men may have cool hands and steady
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28

The only thing to regret in the result Is the
defeat Of Henry Winter Davis in the 9Th Dis
trict. 1t Is true his successful competitor. Mr..
May, pretends to be an earnest Union man.
and as such had the vote of the majority Of the
wealthy and respectable Union men. who had
come to regard Mr.. Davis as an active Republi-
can. Many Of the secessionists, also, who had
no candidate Of their own. voted for Mr.. May.
to vent their extreme hatred Of Mr. Davis
Statements have been made to the effect that
Mr.. May was virtually in league with tho reb-
els, and will subserve their cause, but We do
not know that they have any other iounda-
ton than that he does not support the military
policy Of the government with the hear'iness
which seems the only true course to most I'm
ion men. Asa whole. the new delegation seems
to be Of high character. Mr.. Webster Is tho
only old member. Ex-Gov. Thomas and Mr..
Calvert are men likely TO win national repu-
tation.-Boston Journal.
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28

eyes. and that their n,i~els may 20 straight
to the mark A captain Of one Of the COM
panies could not restrain his enthusiasm, and
took of his cap and waved II over his head,
thosc about him showing by their counte-
nanccs that they would like to join him."
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28
puetrp.
.EIN' FEsrE BURG Isr UNsER oorr.
(Luthsrs Hymn)
Br youS q. WHITTIER

We take tho following ryrtrsn ode, which h
the ring Of tho old German hymn, upon which II
modelled. FROM the Independent. Our noble Gu
ker poet blows his war trumps, with manly vigOr
We Walt beneath the farnsee-blast
The pangs OF transformation
Not pAinlessly dsth God re-east
And mold anew the nation.
Hot burns the Ere
Where wrongs expires
Nor spares the hand
That from the land
Uproots the ancient evil
The hand breadth cloud that sagcs feared
Its bloody rain is droppingi
The poison-plant the fathsr's spared
All else IA oyertopplng.
East, West, South, North,
II curses the earth
All justice dies,
And fraud and lies
Live only In its shadow.
What gives the wheataelds blades OF steel'
What points the rebel csnnon'
What sets the roaring rAsble's heel
On the old star-spangled PsnnOn'
What breaks the oath
or the men o. the SOUTH
What whots the knife
For the Unions llfei
nark 10 the answer, SLAVERY!
Then waste no blows on lesser foes
In stxife unworthy freemen,
ODD lifts to-day the veil and shows
The features OF the demon,
ONorth and South,
Its victims both,
Can ye not cry
-Lst slavery dle,"
And union and In ffeedomi
What though the cast-ou, spirit tear
Tho nation In his going.
We Who have shared the guilt must share
The pang Of his o'srthrowing'
whate'er the loss,
whate'er tho eross,
Shall they complain
or present pain
Who trust In Gods hereafter!
For who that leans on Ills right arm
Was ever yet forsaken'
What righteous cause can suffer harm
II lie Its part has taken'
Though Wild ani loud
Aud dark the cloud.
Behind its folds
Ills hand upholds
The calm sky OF tomorrow
Above the maddsning cry for blood.
Above the Wild war drumming.
Let Freedoms voice be heard, with good
The evil overcoming.
Give prayer and purse
To stay the curse
Whose wrong We share.
Whose shame We bear,
Whose end shall gladden. Heaven!
In vain the bells of war shall ring
or triumphs and revenses,
While still Is spared the evil thing
That sewers and estranges.
But, blest the ear
That yet shall hear
The jubIlant bell
That rings the knell
or slavery fOreyer'
Then let the selfish lip be dumb,
And hushsd the breath OF signing,
Before the Joy Of peace must come
The pains Of purifying
God give Us grace
Each In his place
To bear his lot,
And, murmurins not
Endure and wait and labor'
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28
ELI the ncpnhlicnn. have "rarrot,en

EIf the Republicans have forgotten
party" only turn out Democrats on the Prin.
ciple ofrotation, why don't II happen that
they occasionally appoint a Democrat 10 the
place Of those removed ?-Ldoonid Dem.
As this editer appears to bc Of an "inquir.
ing mind" perhaps he can ascertain how Il
happened that there are "oniy Democrats" In
Office 10 turn out.
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28

cY-Every nation hssits pecnlisrities, its tastes
its particular leading pursuits. Some too. have
peculiar class Of diseases. The Americans arc
called nation ofdyspeptcs. This is attributed
by some to the climate; others say II Is caused
by eating too fast; and again. some think II is
from too great mental activity. Whatever
may be the cause. 1t Is now acknowledged that
DR.. Hams Invigora,ing Spirit Is the sternest
foe this national disease has as yet encountered.
The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1861-06-28

MAnrL,sp ELrcros.-The Congressional
elections in Maryland Thursday seem to have
passed. OF quietly, resulting in the choice Of
the following, all Union men -
Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1861-01-11
s.Conve,tion or No Convention ~

The following are the ayes and noes on the question
proposed to be submitted to the people of "Conysn
tom or "No Convention" which proposition was con-
tanned in the substitute offered by Mr. Collier Of Peters
burg, on Wednesday:
Ayes-Messrs. Anderson, Arnold, Ball, Ballard, Bent
ley Bisbie Boreuan Brown, Caperton, Cassin Christian
Collier Cowan Crane, Crump DckensOn Elgngton, Fer
cusoa Fernen, Fleming Frost, y. Gibson Goodycoontz
Harrison, Raymond Haeley Hoffman, Holloway, Hep
ki1s Jett Johnson Kuotts Kyle Locke, Lockridge Lu-
els Vim. Martin, Matthews, Mckenzie, Miles David Mill
er, Montgomery Norris Myers Patteson, Phelps, Por-
e-, Prtchard, Randolph Reid, Richardson Scott, Sc
gar, Sberrlrd, James k Saith, Isaac y. Smith, Staples
Thompson Walker and West.
Navs-Eessrs Speaker CIutchfed, Anderson, Bailey,
Barbour, Baskerville, Bass, Basel, Bell, Boisseau.
Booker, Burks Carpenter, Carter, Chapman, Child
Claiborne, Coleman, Davis, Duckwall, Edwards Evans
lend Garrett John T. Gibson, John Gilmer, c. II. Gil
me- Graham, G-st.an, Hanly, Hunt, Hunter James
@ avfori H. Jones Warner 7. Jones, Kaufman, Keen
Eeupsr, Hincheioe, Lef,wich, Lundy Lynn Magruder
u ,llory Thomas Martin Mcdowell McGebee McGruder
Mckinney, Medley, John K. Miller, Monr, Montague,
Morgan Nelson, Newton, Orgaiu Preston, Pretlow,
Rldcs, Rcbinsco, Ryes Rutherford, Saunders, Scott
S.auuou, Sbert, Henry Smith, Thomas TomliD, Tyler
Wallace, Ward Arthur Watson, Watts Welsh, Wi,ien,
Wilson, Wood, and VERIFY.
Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1861-01-11
IN. N.,,ona, Flnr and Anthem.

The New Orleans Crescent very properly protests
against tbe reputation by Southern 'scn OF the star
So,pelsd Banner" both as Banner aud in Song. Tie
glorious HYMN which has become national IS the proper
~ of the South written by SOuthernerand u far supe
ror both in sentiment aud music to the revolutionary
NarseIaise The Sars and Stripes" were proposed by
Washington as the National emblem, and are supposed
10 have been suggested by the arms OF the Washington
family which we're similar in the eolOrs and their arrange
ment When the South retres from the Union and asks
TO have returned all she has contributed to It, the natop
al flag and the national anthem ought TO form no small
part OF her claims The Crescent says:
Toe idea is common that these are Northern hymns,
act 10 Northern music Hence the manifestations OF dis
like with which they are frequently received when per-
formed in public places. Now no impression could De
more at variance with historical facts These tunes and
anthems Of right beorg to the South and as they arc
glorious tunes aud anthems should cherish and per-
Detuate them instead of throwing them back into the
possession Of those who have causelessy and Wantony
become our enemies.
Tbese magnificent compositions first burst upon the
world when the whole couary was save-holdng coun-
trv and like everything great in war; peace, intellect
and science which made our oretahers usrous sprang
from one general source Instead Of abandoning, let US
claim them as our own legitimate property They are
proud portion Of birhrght Our whole people have
listened 70 their swelling strains with unaoyed delight
And tens of thousands would almost fight for
their retention as they would for the protection OF their
secon-so strong is their for, and powerful
their attachment to- he grand old tunes they have adj
mired aud loved from earliest bOyhOod to the present
moment
We agree with the Crescent. If we must so out Of
the Union let US take all rights along with US, leaving
not even a "tune" or an anthem" behind US
Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1861-01-11
StirrIng New. rrom CharIeston.

Il will be seen from our telegraphc despatch that
war has actually commenced at Charleston 50 far at
least as the authorities and citizens of South Carolina
are concerned. The forbearance of Major Anderson,
under the circumstances in the highest degree COM
mendable
But it is the deliberate and long cherished policy Of
South Carolina to involve by her rash aud selfish action
the whole South in a war Of her own making In our
judgement it is a shame and outrage that a single
State should thus preepate the whole country into
and bOOdshed The white population of South Carolina
about $50 OOO-or about four times the population of
the city Of Richmond And yet that little handful of
madcaps will inevitably plunge into prolonged and
desperate fight thirty-Oid millions of people,
It we're worse than useless-it would be the highest
folly and the highest eriuefor the Legislature of yr
-aia TO hesitate single to the eIpediency Of
Immediately appropriatng large for military pre-
parato1 War is actually upon US and not less than five
millions OF dollars s. 00o0oO) to be raised by direct tax
a,on in the shortss, possible time should be voted by
the Legislature forthwith Delay is indeed dangerous
BIZ the fulss. aud most comprehensive preparations
should be made 20 meet It, Let an appropriation and tax
bin be introduced to-day and let it be passed into law
as speedily as possible Having taken the bull by the
horns We should resolve fight the battle through with
all our spirit and energy Let the representatives of tire
people act instead of talk and let them Immediately.
We are in the mids. of Revolution and War. Let the
State be instantly put footing and let all tie
sons Of Virginia noby rally TO the rescue.