New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1861-01-16
A. ,oxteS argument 10 the natural pride and

IL
oses military frontier position which protects not
only Venice but the Tyrol and Trieste. To abandon
the ouadrilaeral then, would be abdicate her
premscy in the AdIatic. 1t would be much than
the renouncng Of the chances Of recovering her former
sway in Italy Of practically resuming her secular pol
icy toward Italy,
Nothing looks less like tendency to such re-
nunciation than the new move abe has just made
in the way Of the formulas of liberal concessions
This 10 the third or fourth move in this
sort, on paper, since abe moved her defeated
troops from Solferino. The new Prime
Minister at Vienna Herr Schmerlng, has
set forth in long word .befogged document the
programme of the new liberal reforms about to be
inaugurated. So far rs visible through the word
fog, Herr Schmerling's ideas are excellent, as
full of true liberalism as the Constitution just
granted to his subjects by the Bey of Turin. But
guaranty whatever is furnished that Schmerlings
ideas to become practical facts. They say that
SchmerGng is an honest man. His master is not.
The object of the programme is one with that
Of the 81 diploma" and of the other paper promises
to q" his people" Of +. Joseph, namely: to prevent
revolution at home by large worded promises of SAT-
isiaction to the moderate indictments, so that he
may apply his undistracted forces to the retention
of Venetia. Without stopping to speculate on the
possible immediate effects upon the Hungarian, DO
hemian Tyrolese and other discontented members
of the Austrian State, Of these fine promises oil
Schmerlings programme, let us only notice this
very real value in the historical long-run OF such
theoretical liberalism. IL is a recantatlon OF the
old Austrian theory of government; 1t Is patent
proof that the Emperor and his intimate coun-
selors have lost their own faith in their
own principles. e. are essentially weakened
for their defense. f. Josephs liberalty is like
Mr. Pecksnifi's goodness; per Sc, 1t isnit, minus.
But Peeksnii' s Pecksniflery was recognition OF
the existence and power of goodness as fact
Francis Joseph then has considerably weakened HIM
self by forsaking his own principles Of divine right
nj least on the theoretical sde-and in all the great
worlds reforms, theory has preceded practice-en-
thusiasts, fanatics closet philosophers, leading the
practical statesmen and the popular common
sense" of following age While il is worth noting
on the other aud practical hand that national char
acter is slow 10 change; that as julius C@sars
Commentaries on the national traits Of the Gauls OF
his remote time are curiously apt to-day, we may
quote Gibbon az though he were a contemporary
shrewd observer just returned from his travels in
Hungary when he says; "Arms and Freedom have
" ever been the ruling passion Of the llungan-
" ans, who are endowed by nature with vigorous
- constitution OF soul and body"
Then there is Garibaldi, sitting on his rickety
chair before his rckety table, in his BADLY FURNISHED
farmhouse in the island of Caprera--an uncrowned
but ven real European Power, with the mmeasurs-
bic advantage for action over the other European
Great Powers that he has his mind made up, and
has not any poor diplomatic relations. The grayest
Of hs na Dcial euharassments at present arise from
a disputed bill of $40, presented TO the ex.Dctator
Of the Two Sciies, he landed on his island farm,
by a mason who had been hired to repair his farm
house. King Garibadi's treasury, which he carries
in his pocket amounted at that time, when he had
Just handed over the finances of the Two Sieies to
Victor Emanuel, to $40. That was not a reason
for refusing the masons bill but the mason's work
had been 30 i'll done that Of rainy days the water
comes through the ceiling on 10 GaIlbadis bed rs
through q sieve; and that was reas0p. COnse-
ouepce was that the mason sued ssribald and the
case 10 now on trial before the proper tribunal You
will find curious and probably partially true de-
scriptiou Of Garibadi's farm house, aud his simple
way of living there quoted in the Paris papers from
generous, staggering romanticizing Alexander Du-
mas in his Neapolitan newspaper, LiHdtPeHdenh.
EI-Francis ii. still clings TO Gasta, encouraged
~ 10 do for reasons i gave in my last. The force
of the reaction party in his ex-kingdom, however
unlikely to succeed in the long run, lie not despica
bly, small and very seriously embarrasses victor
Emanuel The report was currently accepted here
in the beginning Of the week that Louis Napoleon
had given the King of Gseta notice that his (Napo
leOn's) Admiral aud feet would quit the waters Of
Gaeto within a brief, fixed date. The feet and
Admiral are still there. Francis means TO stay to
the last tenable minute Non the rumor runs that
Napoleon Will still keep his seeF there, with ap-
Dro1s ala even at request of Eelaho, Tor the sake
of preventing Russian feet from taking its place,
and vet further "complicating the situation With
such protection and his personal pluck and SIM
oere conviction aud pecunary and moral encourage
meut from without and more or less mistaken
appreciation OF the power OF the reaction in his En-
dOmniOns, that poor young man may hold Oh stu
for weeks if not for months. a conjecture which
have not yet seen in print or heard in talk, but
which seems TO me not utterly extravagont as AL
explanatory conjecture is, that lies III the plans OF
Napoleon to pIolong the Gaeta defense and its con-
seouent distraction of Victor Emanuels forces, as
means of keeping the question Of Italian Unity al
open questions OF fDa& suhjecting il all to hnal
settlement whether by q Congress or diplomatic
negotiation the result Of which should be tho real
ization Of his (Napoeon's) old purpose-a weak
confederated instead of strong, united Italy. But
Garbaldi l. will not agree to that muddy solution.
Since we are on the subject of foreign affairs, let
me make brief note Of what the French say OF ours.
To send from France and to THE TRIBUNE views
of the Presidents Message and Of our American po-
litica criss is like sending Goals 10 Lehigh know
but there may be something worth IN seeing our
selves az others zee whore views not affected
by our sectional and partisan passions. Heaven
forbid parenthetically that we admit any such CON-
pctence in these French 10 appreciate and our
institutions as inheres in Americans to appreciate
them and theirs. Than their and in general the
European incapacity to rightly Judge us and our
affairs, nothing is more STRIKING Ito usl unless it
be our inability to rightly judge them and their in
situations az they benightedly imagine-or can We
say in this case Think This reservation being made,
it is notable that in the present quarrel going GU
between Freedom and Slavery, the French pub
jcsts are with the foreseen exception Of one class,
in accord with the TRIBUNE doctrine. Dir. Bu-
chanaKs late Message aud its author not better
entreatcd by the Prose-, the Opinion Rationale the