New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1861-01-12
AUSTRIA.
PROGRESS OF THE REVOLUTION.
Hssm N o. s~s,snsl OenespoAten..

Joseph Acknowledged by his diploma OF the 2Vth
October, that his empire in a state of revo-
kation, and tried TO remedy il by brbing Hun
gary by promise that her ancient Constitution,
IN some curiailed shape or other, wss 10 be re-
stored. The diploma, although concession to
the revolutionary movement was il its concep-
ton one of those master-strobes Of trescberous
policy which form such prominent part in Aus
nian diplomacy. Hungary was to be bought by
concessions apparently very great, and made to
APPEAR still greater BY being placed side by side
with the scanty allowance allotted to the German
and Slayonic provinces, as well as with the
mockery of on imperial Parliament which the
diploma proposed to establish. But in the details
Of the work the cloyen foot Of treachery was ap-
parent enough to turn the contemplated master
stroke into o piece of egregOus folly and pledge
siven to the revolutionary movement Of the helpless
weakness Of the Government. Not only was the
voting of supplies and soldiers to bo taken from the
Hungarian Giet ard to be transferred to the Central
Parliament nd partly even to the Emperor alone
% If Government just compelled to eat all the po-
htical leek it had grown during the last ten years
wss still strong enough to withhold such rights from
il very cOnquerors-but the scanty and vague M.
ure of the rights conferred on the other portions
f the empire and on the central representation at
nee proved, by contrast the insincerity Of the
whole affair. Ard when the provincial constitutions
or StYia, Car a.e, Salzburg, and Tyrol were
MISUNDERSTANDING giving The lions share of
representation to the nobility and clergy, aud main
aiming the old distinction of estates-when the old
Ministry rem aimed in Office there could be no longer
any doubt as to what was intended. Hungary was
to be soothed, and then TO be made the cstspaw to
hep absolutist Austria out fiber troubles; and ab
solutist Austria once strong again, Hungary knew
xen enough from experience what her fate would
he. The very fact of the unlimited and indiscrim-
mate establishment of the Hungarian language as
The only official language in Hungary, intended
for nothing else but TO excite the Siavonians Rou
mans, aud Germans of Hungary against the Magyar
race. The Hungarian old Conservatives (oHigO,
Ar;stocrats), who had concluded this bargain with
the Emperor, sost all standing at home by it; they
had attempted to barter away the two most essential
rights of the Diet In fact, the Imperial diploma
deceived nobody. While in the German provinces
public opinion at once compelled the old municipal
councils (appeinted by the Emperor after the Rev.
olution) to give way before new men, who are now
being chosen by popular election, the Hungarians
began t. resstablish their old county officers and
county assemblies which, before 1849 formed all the
local authorities in the country In either case it
sa good sign that the opposition party at once Sc
cured local and communal power, instead Of merely
clamorng for an ephemeral change OF Ministry and
neelecting to secure the important positions left
OMEN 10 It in more modest spheres Of action.
In Hungary the forms Of the ancient local admins
tration as recognized in I84S at once placed all
the civil power in the hands of the people, and left
10 the Vienna Government no other alternative but
TO eede or to have recourse at once TO military force.
Here then the movement naturally went on most
rnnialy. The demand for the full restoration of
IRE Constitution as amended in 194S aud including
nh the laws agreed upon IN that year between the
Diet and the King, arose from one end Of the land
10 the other. Not satisfied with that tho mme.
date repeal Of the tobacco monopoly llntroouoe9
illegally snce 1S4s), and of all other laws imposed
without the consent of the Diet, was asked for.
The leyying of taxes openly declared Illegal,
until the Diet should have voted them; not onethird
of the taxes due we're paid; the young men called
nut to serve in the army were called upon 10 resist
enrolment, or to abscond; tho Imperial eagles were
pulled down, and, worst of all, in this transition
state The Government had no means 70 resist this
agitation. Wherever the County Assemblies were
cooyoked they pronounced themselves unanimously
in this sense; and the Conference Of Hungarian no.
tables assembled at Grau, under the Presidency Of
Government q basis for the election Of Diet with
ont dehberation almost and unanimously, declared
the democratic electoral law Of lo40 TO be still in
force.
Tint was more than the old Conservatives had
expected when they made the compromise with the
Emperor They were completely "dEbOrdes."
The revolutionary waves threatened to drown them.
The Government itself saw that something must be
done But what could the Cabinet OF Vienna dot
The attempt at bribing Hungary was on the eve
of ngnaly failing. What if the Cabinet now tired
10 bribe the Germans They never enjoyed such
rights as the Hungarians perhaps less would satisfy
them, The Austrian monarchy, to exist, must use
the various nationahtes among ts subjects in turns
asninrt each other. The Slaycnans could be used
IN the utmost extremity only; they were too much
connected with Russia by Panslavist agitation; be
IL then for the Germans. Count G0luchOwsk, the
hated Polish aristOcrat Ia renegade from the Polish
cause TO that of Austrian seryice) was sacrificed
and Cbeyaler Won Schmeriing was made Minister Of
the Interior. He had been Minister of the German
epbemeral empire in lS4S, and sfterward of Austria;
THE post be quilted when the Constitution OF 1919
was defnitiysly abolished. He passed for Con-
stitutionahst. But there was again, 90 much hes-
tation and ndecision before he was defnitively
called in, that the effect was again lost. People
asked what good was Schmerlilg if all the other
ministers remained There was cooling down Of
all hopes even before he was defnitivey appointed;
and instead of frank concession, his nomination
only appeared az another proof of weakness But
while in the German Provinces the opposition was
satisficd with securing local power, and receiving
eyery move of the Government with undisguised
distrust and dissatisfaction, in Hungary the move
nent went on. Before even Schmerling had been
Nominated, the old Conservative HuDgarians called
iuto Office, szecsen and Way at their head,