Daily Ohio statesman. [volume] (Columbus, Ohio) 1855-1870, 1861-07-09


become Satisfied that order, and peace. and 20 |
curity for ell rights ef property, and for ALT
personal and political rights d, The Union and |
under the Constitution, are preferable 10 the |
disorder. and conalct, and insecurity necessarily
incident to the attempts to eubverE the Govern
ment, break up the in1tItutions, cad deetroy thel
nationality BY force and violence. When under
the influence of this reasonable conviction, the
people Of the several States now constrained by
the, criminal folly Of political partisans into
constrain these partisans 70 loyalty, to law and
obedience to the Constitution, il is not un-
reasonable 70 expect that. with Z festoredI
Union, will come not merely renewed prosper
ity, but prosperity renewed In degree and
measure without parallel in the past experience
of our country.
While Recommending the changes IN the ex-
letting tariff, and the other revenue measures,
which seem to him necessary, the Secretary In
dulges confident expectation that they win ul
timately prove adequate TO all reasonable de-
mands for ordinary expenditures for the pay.
ment Of the interest and for the reduction Of
the public debt, and that they will, moreover,
be establishing a National credit on sure foun.
dations, which will contribute, IN no inconsider-
able degree, TO that revival of trade and indus
try, which by its heathful reaction, will In turn
essentially promote the increase and security Of
the revenue. The sources Of revenue most
promptly TO be made available must be sought,
doubtless, In the articles now exempt from
duy, or but lightly taxed. Neatly all these
articles have heretofore contributed In full
measure to the National income Il vas only
when the debts contracted in former wars for
the establishment Of our N National independence
or the vindication OF our National rights, bad
been fully paid, and the revenue bad been in-
creased largely beyond any legitimate uses OF
the Government, that 1t was thought proper TO
remove the duties on some of them, and large
ly reduce the duties on others. That intelligent
patriotism which cheerfully austained the former
charges, will even more cheerfully sustain those
made necessary now for, the preservation of our
National Union and the maintenance of the
sovereignty Of the people. OF the articles now
lightly taxed, sugar, and of those wholly exempt
from duty, tea and coffee, are the most import
ant. .rt..'.-,.-
The Secretary most respectfully proposes to
Congress that duty of 216 cents pr pound be
laid on brown sugar, of 3 cents per pound on
clayed sugar, Of 4 cents. per pound on loaf aud
other refined sugars, Of az cents per pound on
the syrup Of eugar-cane; Of 6 cents per pound
on candy; Of cents per gallon on molasses,
and OF cents per gallon on sour moasses; and il
be imposed on coffe, Is cents per pound on
black tea, and 20 cents per pound on green tea.
From these duties IL Is estimated that an ad-
t1ltional revenue of not less than 500, 900 600
annually may be raised, while the burden of
this revenue upon our own people will be to
some considerable degree mitigated by particle |
patton on the part Of foreign producers
Without going here into other details of less |
Importance, the Secretary thinks IL proper to add
10 general, that from the proposed duties on ar
ticles now exempt and from changed duties on |
articles now either lightly burdened or so heav- |
Ily taxed that the tax amounts to aprohibition,
further increase OF revenue, to the amount OF /
e7 .000, 900, may be anticipated; and that the /
improving condition Of trade and industry war,
rant a just expectation that the revenue from the
duties of the present tariff, not affected by the
proposed changes, will not fall short of $780,,
O00 600. He estimates, therefore, the total
revenue from imports during the present year
at S57 600 600, to which may be added the cum |
Of $4,000 600 to be derived from the sales Of
public lands and miscellaneous sources. making
the total revenue Of the year, $50 900 900 =
While, therefore, there is every reason to be-
lieve that under q modified tariff, when the
of the country shall be fully restor-
ed, an annual revenue Of not less than $50, ,000,-
600. and probably more, may be realized, It will
be necessary, in order to sustain fully the pub |
lie credit, to provide for raising the sum of
$4,000, 900 for the current year at least, by di
rect taxes, or from internal duties or excuses,
or from both.
The Constitution requires that the former be
apportioned among the States, in the ratio Of
the Federal population; the latter need only be
uniform throughout the United States The
taxes on real estate, and perhaps the general
taxes on personal property, must therefore be |
apportioned. Taxes on distilled liquors, on
bank notes, on carriages, and similar descrip.
tions Of property, must not be higher in one
State than the taxes on the same articles in an
other State eu
The Secretary submits to the superior wisdom |
Of Congress, the determination of the question, |
whether the resort shall be made to direct taxes
or to internal duties, or to both, for the supply
of the probable deficiencies of that portion OF
the public resources which, upon the principles
already explained, must be furnished by taxa
ton. tr III.
The value of the real and personal property
Of the people of the United States, according
TO the census Of 1860, Is SIG, 6,l02 924, Ill, or,
emitting fractions, of sixteen thousand millions
OF dollars.
The value of real property is estimated at
5 II, ,272 053 ssl. and the value of personal
property at 81. $3.50, $50 235. The proportion of
property of both descriptions in the United
States, excluding those at present under insur.
rection, lie SIC. 900, ,758 009, of which sum ST.
$50 $50, ,603 represents, according to the hest
estimates. the value Of the real. and 90 ,270,-
227 ,404, the value Of the personal property. A
rate of one-eighsh Of one per cent. dd pGiorem
on the whole real and personal property of the
country, would produce sum Of $40 ,126. 667.
A rate of one-ffth Of one per cent. on the real
and personal property of the States not under
insurreotion, would produce the sum of $751;
800, ,056; and rate of three tenths Of one per
cent. on the real property alone 10 these States,
would produce $l2 S9l $50, ,-eitber cum being
largely in excess Of the amount required.
IL some OF the States tae revenues for oil
purposes Of State, county and municipal ex.
penditure are raised In this manner, and the
assessments Of real and peFsonsT property lev
led on valuations made under State Authosity,
form certain and convenient method of DOL.
lection. II such yalustions existed In all the
States, It would not be difficult, through the as.
sumption and pay ment by The several States of
their several proportions Of the tax. or through
the co operation Of the State authorities In It's
collection, or through Federal agencies created
for the purpose, bus nsing the State valuations,
to assess and collect the levy for national pur-
poses. Il 10 the absence Of such valuations In |
some Of the States, and the Importantly Of ef-
fective cooperation In all, which makes the EN-.
poyment of an extensive and complicated Fed |
eral machinery for the collection Of direct taxes
necessary. and supplies the basis for the most
serious objection against that mode Of flevying |
revenue. II has been objected, and not without
apparent reason, to resort to direct taxes, at
this time, that, In consequence Of the disturbed
condition Of the copptfy, the superintendent re.