The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-03-30
inE ENULloH PRESS ON THE AMERICA N
REXOI.IITIAN -
IFTo"1 ne london Times, March 12

IN Union is ehfectually divided into t2 n - M M
lie eracies. The Southern, tainted with the bligbt
le slavery, stained with past, and by no meaSs e.
lie from the imputation of future flibusterng evne,
n tions, and called into existence, it would seem
D course OF deliberate and deep-aid treason on
/. part of the high officers of the government
r Washington. In the Northern Confederacy,
the contrary, slavery, if not wholly eXtingushe
s assumes temporary and provisional characte
o NO treachery has been at work to produce the d
ruption, and the principles avowed are such as
command the sympathies of every free and enligt
ened people. Such are the widely different au
plces under which the two rival Republics start in
existence. But mankind will not ultimately iuds
: these things by sympathies and antipathes the
f Will be greatly swayed by their own interest, an
the two Republics must be weighed; not by the
PROFESSIONS or their previous history, but by tn
conduct they pursue and the position they mair
lain among the Powers of the earth. Their inter
nal institutions their own affair; their fnancia
% ana political arrangements emphaticalIy ours. Bra
zl is siaveholding empire, but by its good fait
and good conduct it has contriyed to establish fo
Itself place in the hierarchy of nations far suna
rior TO that OF many Powers which are free from
TINS domestic con ntamnation. If the Northern
Conlederacy OF America evinces determination
TO act In narrow, exclusive and unsocaI snir;t
while its Southern competitor extends the hand y
good fellowship to all mankind with the exceptio,
OF It's own bondsmen, must not be surprised to se
me North, IN spite Of The goodness of its cause and
me great negative merit othe absence of Slavery, SIM
| pOStttoHJ
regard Of mankind.
We may be said to be already in possession ol
the hrst fruits OF the American disruption. Tht
secession oil so many members of the two houses o
congress has conferred upon the North an undis
puted majority for the first time. They have no
been slow to avail themselves to the utmost of tbi
advantage. They have, indeed, done nothing an
precla6le towards healing the wounds of their dis
| tracted country. They have taken no decided
measure, either of Cancellation or coercion. The
South has heen allowed to mature its preparations
TO selze the federal arsenals and forts and to or
| game new government, without even an intelli-
gioie protest from the Legislature at Washington
Ihere was much excuse for this. The period be-
tween the election of the new President and the
surrender OF office by the old is sort of finterreo-
num- in which it may be said all legislative and ex-
| eeutlVe activity is parayzed. But though unable
TO do anything for the cause of the Union the Sen
ate and the Congress have employed the interrer-
mum 10 strike second blow at the commerce. the
nnance and the general prosperity of the country
infinitely more fatal than any abstraction of terri
tory or diminutioa Of population,
They employed the last weeks of what is nroba
nly the last session of the last Congress of the
United States of America in undong all the pro-
gress that has been made in the direction of free
traue, ana In manacling their country once more
IN the letters OF protection amounting to prohib
itIon. We fear that the bill has already received
the assent OF the President, and that at the pres-
ent moment the twenty millions of exports which
England sent last year to the United States, have,
H..
virtually excluded. If Americans wish to know
with what feelings this measure has been regarded
IN England, they have only to turn to the trade
reports of the Times, and their curiosity will be
gratlled. Thus, we find from Birmingham that
hardware and cutlery trade of f3 500 600 is look
ed upon as worthless South Staffordshire is in
dismay. "The conduct of Congress ON the Tariff
Dill has much changed the tone of public FEELING
VIVID reference to the secessionists and here,
even those whose sympathies are with the North
ern States, attempt to justify the course which the
protectionists in Congress have pursued
In Manchester the proposed increase of duties
on cotton goods in the United States is causing
great attention. In Newcastle it is considered that
1t will be impossible to do business with the United
States on the terms set out in the tariff while the
business with the Southern States is described as
SATISFACTORY. In Sheffield considerable apprehen-
sion Is felt as to the effect of the new tariff on the
steel trade. In Wolverhampton the anticipation
that the tariff has become law darkens the already
gloomy prospects of the iron trade When it is
remembered that all this ill-will and disruption of
international ties and sympatbies, which we're be-
coming closer every day, and which America
never needed than now, is to be
effected for no better object than that of
protractng the sickly existence of an artif-
cal manufacturing system, raised and nurtured at
the expense of the shipping and trade of the coun
try, and by levying an odious tribute from all
classes not concerned in manufactures we can
not but wonder at the madness of democracy and
its utter inability to apprehend and retain the most
OBVIOUS principles OF economical science. Protec-
ton was quite as much cause of the disruption of
the Union as slavery. In that respect it has done
its worst, but it is destined if we mistake not to
be the fruitful mother of other disruptions What
interest have the great agricultural Western States
Tor nstarce, in being made tributaries to the iron
masters of Pennsylvania, or the cotton spinners of
Lowell They will desire, as the South have de-
sired, direct trade with England and the pecu-
liar position OF Canada, with its facilities of com
munication by lake, river and railway, will show
them the readiest means of obtaining direct trade
by fresh separation-possibly by an amagama-
tion with our own colonies.
These topics are so obvious, that we forbear to
insist upon them; but we beg to point out, for the
comfort of our own countrymen and the warning of
the government of the United States that in at
tempting to exclude at one blow twenty millions of
exports from their territory, they have undertaken
task quite beyond their power. They NAV, in
deed, destroy their own Customs revenue; thew
may give additional strength to those vested inter
ests which claim prescrptive right to live on the
vltals OF the community; they may ruin the ship
ping and cripple the commerce of the towns on the
Atlantic seaboard, but they cannot preuent Enqlish
ndnWdctHres from permedting the United States from
one end to the other. glance at the map is sufficient
To show this. The Southern Confederacy will, of
course, desire no better than to make Charles
ton, Savannah, Mobile and New Orleans de-
pots OF English manufactures, to be snug
glcd across the long and imperceptibe from
tier which separates them from the United States.
ndy. u IS quite possible that the great city of Ne,g
York may prefer TO declare itself free port and to
become the depot Of an aUict traffic. rather
than see its wharres rottng, its streets deserted,
and ITS hdrbor empty, because q suicidal jolly has
drlUen commerce to the inferior harJorS of The South
The indented coasts of the Northern States give
ample opportunity for smuggling, and, what is still
more important, the frontier between Canada and
the Union is virtually traced by the stream of the
st. Lawrence and the centre Of the great Lakes
might have been created for the express purpose
Furnishing the presumptuOus folly of seeking to
/ erect the barrier of prohibition between nations
which have long enjoyed the mutual benefits of
commercial intercourse. The smuggler will re-
dress the of the statesman as he has so often
done before. The change may occasio delay, loss
and Inconvenience but the stream is too mig hty to
be chOked, and no sooner will the old channel
have been stopped than a one will be forced.
From the London Netys March 12l
Mr.. Gregory has given notice that on an early
day he will call the attention of her Majestys gov
ernment to the expediency o. prompt recognition
OF the Southern Confederacy of America. There
is no occasion for Mr.. Gregory or any one else to
be anxious to get our government to acknowledge
the so-called Southern Confederacy of American
States. The practice of the British government in
such cases is firmly established and well understood
viz: to recognize all de fdco governments, rrespec-
lice Of opinions origin, any circumstance but the
fact Of being the ACTUALLY established ruling poner If
ever, and whenever that happens with the South
ern States which now profess to be confederacy
there can be no doubt about their being recognized by the
European POWerS and By England l0i tie almost certain
y and dtstincness. But the has not yet reach
ed this stage and it is very far from re4ching it,
The secession leaders, who have assumed Office do
not pretend to be more than provisional body; no
appeal has been made to the people of their States;
none of the constitutional conditions of republican
organization have as yet been complied with; snd
none OF the antecedents which specified by the
founders of the republic justifying rebellion have
occurred.
AFFAIRS IN CHARLESTON.
THE SOUTH CAROLINA CONVENTION.
This body convened at Charleston on Tuesday,
pursuant to call of its President, but beyond the
reception OF several resolutions, which, under the
rules of the Convention, were laid over until the
succeeding day, it transacted no business.
Among the resolutions thus submitted was enc
by w. 2. Shinger, ordering that the supplies now
permitted Major Anderson be cut of. Judge
Wardlaw moved TO lay the resolution the table
upon the ground that it would be improper on the
part of the Convention to dictate to Others who
had the matter in charge, and who were probably
better informed, their course of action.
resolution cordially endorsing the election of
Davis and Stephens President aud Vice Presi-
dent of the Provisional Government would, il
adopted it was contended by the Hon. J. w.
Hayne, be, in effect, ratification of the Montgom-
cry Constitution and he opposed its adoption with
out full opportunity for testing the sense of the
Convention. "lt is very probable" said Mr..
Hayne, "that the Constitution does not in every
point meet the views of every single member upon
| this floor. There scarcely a thinking man of
| this body who might not wish to have it amended
| in some one particular But if discussion is to
take place upon every mans suggestion, 1t would
be very long time before they could arrive at any
| conclusion at ALL" He desired the Convention to
form their opinion during the recess, and to vote
| on the succeeding day.
The resolutions were all lald over.
DIRECT IMPoRTATIONS
The subject of direct trade with Europe is enga-
ging the exclusive attention of commercial circles
in Charleston, and the Mercury exultingy announ-