davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17
Forts and Fortresses.

There is but one fortress in the United States
fortress Monroe. All the other fortified places
defending our harbOrs called forts.
The distinction betwixt these two terms is very
wide. All fortresses are forts, or fortified places;
but all forts are not fortrcsses. All colleges arc
schools but schools are not colleges. Tho rela-
ton of forts to fortrssses is that OF minor to
jor. A fort may be simply an advanced work to
protect the extended lines walls of a fortress.
Generally fortresses are extensive incin,es for the
reception of gawisoas, and built for the protection
of cities. In the United States, no extensive for
tGod places, with large garrisons, have been con-
strrctsd for the defense of cities. Fortifcations
in this country have had reference principally, to
harbor defense. Fortress Monroe, with its ca
pacity for garrison, was constructed for the de-
fense of the important Navy Yard Of Gosport and
Norfolk, now in the possession Of Virginia or the
Confederate States.
Tho construction Of the extensive walls OF 0
fortress involves the highest science of engineer
ing. Not so with forts. The former implies poly
CONS, bastions, curtains, glacis covered ways
planks scarps and countescarps, ravelins, redans
redoubts. and the whole vocabulary of engineer
ing science. Add to this the idea of vast en-
eiente or decentralization, to contain large gar
rison of troops, and fortress rises to its proper
tionate majesty.-Sdromah Republican.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

CALEB Cushing GoNE.--The Staunton
Iindieator announces the apostacy of this
simon pure, as follows:
"Gone, glimmering like dream of
things that were," is Caleb. surnamed
Gushing. This pious scoundrel, who voted
in the Charleston Convention for Jeff Davis
for the Presidency, because there was no
one else sufficiently Southern for him,
comes out now and shows his true colors.
lie is body and breeches with Lincoln
SO also with Everett, Pierce, Douglas,
Buchanan, ct ID omne genus.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

HoMIcIDE.-An occurrence took place
about one o'clock Sunday evening that
created great excitement at the navy-yard
and in the city generally. II is said
corporal of one of the volunteer compa-
nies, named Murphy, took file of men
into the house of a man named Boyd,
whom he charged with being Disunion-
ist, and that the party ruthlessly shot
him dead in his bedroom. Other ac-
counts give differnt version, and say
that he was shot only after firing upon
party who went to arrest him.
Since the above was written we have
learned that the above homicide was COM
mitted by corporal and ten men belong
ing to the company of volunteer militia
of this District under cmmand Of Captain
Miller, and stationed at tho Haight House
near the navy-yard. The name OF the
citizen brutally shot in presence Of his
family is Cornelius Boyd.
The unfortunate occurrence having last
evening been made known to the United
States officer in command of this District,
an armed party was Immediately detailed
by his order to arrest the corporal and
his men. that they might be turned over
to the civil authorities for trial.-Natonsi
Intekli9encer
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

Truth IN A NursHELL.-The Baltimore
American thus alludes to the sudden con-
version of the New York Herald to the
policy of the Administration
"No journal in the country has done
more to precipitate the South into seces-
sion, and to urge the seeded States to ex-
treme measures, than the New York Her.
aH 1t has given eager circulation to ev-
cry abolitionist's harrangue that could H.
ritate and excite the South, and since the
commencement of the present troubles,
it has continually held out to the seced.
ed States the lure that they would find
the North divided and distracted, unable
to take up the challange to contest no
matter in what way it should be provok-
ed. Yet, when the crises has come, and
the arsprit sweeps over the North, none
are more prompt than tho Herald to
chime in with the popular cry.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17
10000 Volunteers,

The Richmond Enquirer states that the
proclamation Of Gov. Letcher for volun-
teers has been responded to by over
seventy thousand soldiers.
young men from every class and pro-
fession throughout the State, all of them
raised with arms in their hands from
earliest boyhood, form Virginia's army.
They are all said to be good marksmen,
enured to fatigue by hunting and farming,
riding and exercise of all kinds eager to
rush to the defence their homes, fathers,
mothers, rights and liberties-such are
the defenders of Virginia. All of the
State has not yet been heard from and
when it is, the number will be swelled to
one hundred thousand of the best soldiers
that ever stood forth to defend their
country from oppression. Such an army,
officered from the flower of the late U. s.
Army, and commanded by the brave and
gallant Lee, the noble son of Light Horse
Harry, conquest will be impossible, and
the invader that has the hardihood to
tresspass upon the soil of Virginia will
meet a sure and speedy death.
THE TRIBuNE's PATRIorIsM.-The New
York Neos shows up, as follows, in what
direction the patriotism of tho Now York
Tribune lies
NUMBER OF TRIBUNE VOLUNTEERS.
For tho War 90 For Consulships 5
For protecting flag 90 Other foreign Offices 2
For the militia 90 For Postofiices 3
For the regulars 90 Other homes Offices 3
90 l3
In short, fighting don't psy;" and not
man from the Tribune wants to Ego down
and give 'em Dixie"
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17
-
Important to foot Soldiers.

l.. Blistering, burning, soreness and
tenderness of the soles OF the feet may
almost invariably be prevented, even
when marching for days together and
over heated road, by soaping the sole
of the stocking-that is, covering it with
thin coating of the cheapest brown soap.
This, at the same time, Keeps the skin of
the sole cool, hardens it and prevents
inflamation. Coarse cotton socks are the
best for walking.
,. Don't wear wooden socks when you
are marching, not even thin ones, no
matter in what climate.
3. The boot or shoe should have o thick
sole; it is not sufficient that they should
be simply double soled." The soles
should be at least an inch thick; if three
fourths of an inch or an inch, all the bet
ter; they are more expensive, but if we'll
made will last q long time, and even in
the warmest weather will be found easy
to walk in, the feet easily becoming ae.
customed to their weight.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17
Look on this Picture and then on
that.

Mr.. Secretary Chase says to his Collac-
tors:
Grant no clcaranccs to any vessel south
of Maryland until further ordered"
Mr.. Secretary Memminger says to hiss
"Let us abide by the Law of Nations,
and protect peaceful commerce which
has trusted to our hospitality. Tell your
people to have patience. We gain more
by respect for law than from the seizure
of few vessels"
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

SYMPATHY IN CUDA FOR THE SOUTH
Captain Allen, of West Baton Rouge, who
has just returned from Cuba, writes to
the Baton Rouge Advocate that the people
of Cuba deeply sympathize with the South.
Also the British officers now in Havana.
The Captain Of Her Majesty's ship Hydra
said to Capt. Allen:
"Sir, what do we care about the bloody
nigger--we have got nothing to do with
him our Government wants cotton, and
cotton wemust have. Go ahead and fight
your battles on land. England will take
care of the seas, and, if necessary, would
bridge tho Atlantic with her ships in Or
der to carry your cotton to Manchester"
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

MoNTcoMEnY, ALA., sth February, 1861.
Read first, second and third times and
engrossed, and unanimously adopted.
HOWELL Conn, President of Congress.
j. j. HOOPER, Secretary.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17
BY SAM. P. WINS.
3 TERMS:
THE POST rs PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY,
Two Dollars a Year, Payable In Advance.
TERMS:

IA. No attention paid to orders for the paper
s"iSss accompanied by the Cash.
ADVERTISEMENTS will be charged 81 per square
OF 10 lines or less, for tho first insertion. aud so
cents for each continuance. A liberal deduction
made to those who advertise by the year.
a7n- Persons sending advertisements must mark
tho number of times they desire them inserted. or
they will bc continued until forbid and charged
aocordingly.-0M
For announcing the names Of candidates for
Office, IS, Cash.
Obituary notices over 12 lines, charged ut rcgu-
lar advertising rates.
All communications intended to promote the
private ends or interests Of Corporations Societies,
Schools or individuals, will bo charged as adver-
tisements.
Jon woRx. such as Pamphlets, Minutes, Circu-
lars, Cards, Blonks, Handbills, &C., will be cxccu-
toll in good style and on reasonable terms.
All letters addressed to the Proprietor, will be
promptly attended to.
M communication inserted unless accompanied
by tho name Of the author.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17
Proposed Mediation of England and
France

[From Wilmer & Smiths European Timcs.]
If civil war has really commenced be-
tween the North and South, we hope that
tho representatives Of England and France
at Washington have been instructed by
their respective governments to tender
their aid as mediators before the struggle
has aroused all the fierce passions which,
if continued for any length of time, are
certain to be called into play. Both ma
tions wish we'll to tho American people !;
both are alike interested in the general
prosperity of the country in every lati-
tude; and both are impelled towards it
by tho strongest sympathy that can an
innate friendly nations. This seems to us
the last resource before the sword is sdrawn
and the scabbard thrown away, and pro-
baly the suggestion would meet the ap-
proval Of that large class Of both extremes
of the country, which must look with hor-
ror and dismay at the prospect of men
and brothers cutting each others throats
under circumstances so fearlully provoca-
tive OF vengeance.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

NORTHERN VESSELS DETAISED.-Gov.
Piclsens, says the Charleston Mercury Of
Thursday, received dispatch from Secre-
tary Memminger yesterday, authorizing
the detention Of all Northern vessels in
the port of Charleston, with instructions
to the Collector of the port not to grant
any moro clearances to Northern vessels,
ana TO prohibit the expectation of rice to-
Northern ports. The Governor promptly
issued his orders accordingly.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

VINO is REsPoNsIBLE?- The Toronto
(Canada) Leader justly holds tho Govern
ment at Washington responsible for the
war which has just begun. 1t says:
The Cabinet at Washington, in the
calm judgment Of the world, committed
a serious error in appealing to the arbi-
trament Of the sword; but it is now too
late to adopt the only ystatespatliko poll
cy-to recognize secession AS fact, md
act accordingly. What has now to be
done is for the two Confederacies to do
each other as much harm rs possible, in
the least possible time; to kill as many
men, to sink as many ships, to cripple as
much as possible ono another's resources.
1t will be war Of brothers enraged
against one another with an intensity Of
hatred; and while the general sympathy
of mankind has been with the North, the
Government at Washington will generally
be responsible for the issue of blood.
And such will be the impartial judg-
ment Of the whole civilized world.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

TAXATION IN VlRGINn.-The Virginia
State Convention passed an ordinace last
week. adopting the aa paiorem system OF
taxation to take effect on the first day OF
July, the ordinance to be subjected how
ever, to direct vote of the people.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

Business on "WAR FoorISo.-The N
Y. Express states large proportion of
French, English and German dry goods
dealers have determined to sell for the
present for cash in ten days, and ~ per
cent. discount This isputting business
on war footing. Many houses demand
cash on delivery.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

~ An lrishman, speaking Of the sud-
den death Of a relative, was asked If he
lived high. "Well, l can't say he did,"
replied Terrenc, "but he died high-like
some of the Banks, he was suspended
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

pas- Several soldiers in Washington
have been arrested and put in irons by
their officers, and fed on bread and water
for insulting ladies-so says the Wash
incton .Slar..
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

THE CRASH AT THE NoRTm.--Witliin tho
past few days great number of mercan-
tile failures have occurred in New York
city and in Philadelphia. The Herald
says:
"We have seen list of about forty
houses in this city, comprising some old
and respected names, which have suspend
ed within the past week. These firms
are mostly in the dry goods trade, but
not exclusively. Two or three leading
grocers, one prominent hardware house,
and two or three houses in the produce
business, are among the number"
Later accounts represent the number
of failures as on the increase.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

I1- The Missouri State Journal, allud-
ing 10 the reports current in regard to
the contemplated interference Of Eng
land and France in American affairs,
says: whenever England interferes,
it will be to protect her southern COM
merce from Northern blockade. When
ever France interferes, it will be to offer
her steel-clad men-of-war, and, if nccessa-
ry, to the cause of the Confederate States"
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17
Che gost.
Athens, Friday, May II, 1861.
protecting the Public Property"

The Alexandria Sentinel hears sad ac-
counts al the waste and destruction going
on at the Capitol. The painted walls of
the committee rooms are defiled by bacon
grease, Tobacco juice, etc.; the rich stuco is
knocked down by bayonet thrusts, the
elegant marble pam elings scratched and
disfgurcd, and general air of the widest
vandalism pervades the whole Of the vast
and magnificent pile.
One of the most splendid committee
rooms of the Senate, has, we learn, been
converted into water closet for the Lin
coin soldiers. This is protecting the
public property"
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17
CONSTITUTION

OF THE
2 PROVISIONAL GOV NMENT
OF THE
Confederate States of America.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

p@~ The Charleston Mercury of Mon
day, says rumor was current last night
that blockading squadron was of our
bar.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17
ARTICLE II.
Section |.

l. The Executive power, shall be vest
ed in President Of the Confederate
States of America. lie, together with
the Vice President, shall hold his office
for one year, or until this Provisional
Government shall be superseded by a
Permanent Government, Whatsoever
shall first occur.
2. The President and Vice President
shall be elected by ballot by the States
represented in this Congress, each State
casting one vote, and majority Of the
whole being requisite to elect.
3. No person, except natural born
citizen, or citizen of one of the States
of this Confedsracy at the time of the
adoption of this Constitution, shall be
eligible to the Office of President; neither
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

In short, lighting don't pay" and not
a man from the Tribune wants to Ego down
and give 'em Dixie"
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

We, the Deputies OF the Sovereign and
Independent States of South Carolina,
Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi,
and Louisiana, invoking the favor of AL
mighty God, do hereby, in behalf of these
States, ordain and establish this Constitu-
ton for the Provisional Government of the
same; to continue one year from the in
auguraton of the President, or until a
permanent Constitution or Confederation
between the said States shall be put IN
operation, Whatsoever shall first occur.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1861-05-17

The members of Congress shall receive
a compensation for their services, to be
ascertained by law, and paid out of the
Treasury of the Confederacy. They shall,
in all cases, except treason, felony, and
arrest during their attendance at the ses-
sion of the Congress, and in going to and
returning from the same; and for any
speech, or debate, they shall not be ques-
toned in any other place.
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1861-01-23

40. thiiosophet stepped on h'afa
f,,ty boai 10 rfsss atltcam. On lhe ra'.
no, he inquired oflbc ruyman Y be- M
dtts,ood arithmetic. The man looked o''
lonthod
oArilhmelicl No. dr.'
81 ann very sorry Tor ono quarter OF
your life ia gone
4 few minutes Nlier he asked!
DO YOU understand malhcmatics.'
Tho bcatman smiled and replied
mo"
"wer, then, another quarter of your
life is gone
Just then the beat ran on tnag' ana
was sinking, when the ferryman jumped
up. pulled of his coat, and asked the
philosopher with great earnestly Of m"a-
ner:
Sir can you swim"
"No sir"
"Well, then" said the ferrymen your
whole life is gone, for the boat is going to
the bottom"
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1861-01-23
CLEARFIELO STONE WARE PVTTEIl|

Thankful for past favors and solictiou'a
ture patronage. would respectfully anu
that l have on hand again, and will con,'l
keep at the Pottery in this borough, on 10 ]
ner short distance cast Of the MethodidV
large stock Of Crockery, such as Cream
milk pans, Churns, Jugs, Jars, Stove pipe
dc. DC; and also an extensive asIortun]
different sizes and patterns Of bracket
roseues for rnice on houses. and othT'|
dings
Amy mouldings not on hand will be r'sl
oIder on short notice. Also FIRE brick 4
and kept for sale.
.E:S>A liberal reduction on price, nv
wholesale dealers. T. LEITzlNOSs
clearHeld, may %, is7O.-ly.
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1861-01-23


1t Tell, You how to choose all kinds Of Meats
Poultry, and Game, with all tb, vorious
and most approved modes Of DRESSING
and cooking Beef aud Pork; also the
best and simplest way Of sailing. rick
ling and curing t,e same.
II Tells You nil tho ,.orio,,, ,rI ,,,....,,.
mods of c~e,,i,r -, ..,P 81
Mutton. Lamb Vosi i1.1,I,a ni,a "0"' "'nS
Game Of aIj Iind. vii, ,Ia j;r.'i u"u
Dressings, Gravies, and stuGfngs appro
pirate to ca h.
Tolls You how 10 cboosr. clam ,,5 ,-,.....
Fish Of kinds. and how 10 ,,rasta, :,
when tainted also nil tho y,rio,, a,,I
most approved modes Of cooLinr ,Ti,b
the different Dressings, Sauces, and
Flavoring Appropriate to each
1t Tells You all the various and mos. orrro,.od
modes of prenarinp oyor 6Iiv diT,ror,
Kind. of Meat. Fish. Fowl G,u'o an5
Vegetable Soups. Drotbs, ami St,wS
with the Reisbes and Seosori,cs on'
propriatc to each.
II Toll. yon all ,,,o o,,..,,, 49,. ..---..
49, "'' VIZ ~! ~. 'o',S ~Nu n"S' approved
S.sarir,;,. .OVI,"s nirns 'oHe"oLos ol every
10, Ci,s,'n5 ",sS ,S " P'IPuIe 'ch-
po,,oJ w. t" E:'L rvs VI 'li hihGS'
- t '"''' i''"' O"'ne' N"Sh-
II Teus W. 81, ~ .-;,.
rSJ.sac-..,.. "'' ,'V 'a'.ous anu mus approved
70 p 4" 8 anu coOAIhs al xmas
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1861-01-23

tivnr uirAntittn AtApt',t sn
ha ufINHd Nf We W0ttNHn IN .itlit'
tHaiJt bbd NHaiaiI bh Nhdby hut iotb lHo
VIHttrI t.stIUh ut tttth Nrttt
UHhosntht tttlnN Wuuug ltWMf
Ati,tw.6s aed Geoftapht. $3.50
Hehef Aiihmpiie Inglth 0thmmht gegf
tanhs hud history Nup
Algebra ud1mtity Natural phlowfhr
nhd nooh Keeping w
Latin aud gtotk lnnguhgoi 20 90
T8 siudpnia desitout of acquiring thorough
rrriith Education, and who wish 10 qualify
thomniyes Tor teachers, this Institution ohers
desirable advantage
No pupil received for less than halfa session,
rud NO deduction made except for proifaetcd
sickness
Tuition to be paid Al the close Of the term
G. b. SANFORD, PRiNcirAl.
Nay %, lSG0.- lY.
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1861-01-23
\ E w HO Il |

Tho undersigned respectfully bCgs laI
announce that hO recently rented n house
borough Of Lumber eity,-Clearfeld county
for the accommod ton of the travelling n
wstermen and all others who may isrwl
with q call.
His table will always be supplied with q 4
as the markets afford; and no pains Vi
spared to render his guests comfortabls 4
under his roof. To which the facts that ID
toxicating liquors Of any kind will be ktpi y
the premises, will he trusts, contribute IN
small degree. While, what is always import
TO the traveller, the best attention will b'I1
by careful hostlor to that faithful compAala|
his journey, his patient steed.
July 4, lS6O.-ly. JAMES CR0SSI|
Clearfield Republican. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1851-1937, 1861-01-23
. NuNiIlN N N. Aht Mm.

A NnNlflN ~ ihf NM w,<,{
~ rnutuNhAfhN ttON tot',I)
Estuftd ti ffri irhibhi in lhs ..,.t,I
lrRlhnd. ltaNtt thd rNsl.'v
1lm American theinffathl. -
thhv Nt zen nihhdwny Atw vSI
secured ihtlt novel hhd itetho ls
AmeHcan bud Eut0pean PATENTS ..ry
tnttd 10 execute ON orders Dor IN
Ntutfe Llttne5c gf prfWn, - II
presenting ON The attractive md ,N.v
features oi ordinary ph0toethphs. ,h.ui
aud Finish Of q water color drawins .sl
orlo unnttnined qualiiy Of duiabi,'W
rendered ne inperishable % the b,,,,. n
ties Of the articles upon which The, ~
fetred W
A. the patented process Of the cos..
bios the reproduc ton Of photogtath,'m
on plain surfaces, but upon such a,,,,s
ofany degree Of iucgulafity, portrsin,'
produced with inultless accuracy and iW
delineation, upon Porcelain wares Of ,,,
ton and dimcnsion used hs articles Of y
Of household utility, such A. Urns, vs.'
fast Cups, Toilet Articles, &C.; thetd,
faithful portraits an1 furnishing IN
exquisite style of ornamentation Of \,
domestic use. y
In order TO furnish facilities for IN,
tion Of the popular taste, and to mes, n
Of those patrons Of the dno arts d,s
having portraits on Porcelain, the Cou,.s
imported from Europe collect ion oi Y
porcelain goods, manufactured to their o.,
which they will sell at cost prices. Y
As the American Company are ovsm,
patent right, and consequently the op,'
authorized to use tho process, they b,,.'
mined, Ia order to afford people in ersr'
Of the Union an opportunity to possou ~
on China, to make the following propsr
residents in the country, who are unabI's
personally the Atelier and Gallerie, !,
York:
Persons sending q photograph, anlr,
daguerreotypo to the zee Of the Conf
New York, accompanied by IS, will re,.'
return by express, free Of charge, ricb'
mented Breakfast Cup and Saucer, with K,
trait transferred thereon
by transmitting n daguerreotype and m
will receive in like manner handson,
Vase or Toilet Article, with the porlrh,
duced by the patented process. n
By sending pair Of daguerrootype, a,
they will receive in retrrn pair Of .iebi
Vases, with the portraits executed eoual
iature paintings; and, in like manner h
can be reproduced on porcelain wares 5,l
Of every quality Of finish, ranging in pd,
$50 to 500 the pair.
n. B.-Be particular in writing Ii. n
town. county, and State distinctly,
All letters to be addressed to "Manaesl
lean Photographic Porcelain Co., ISL Brm
New York" poT