The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-01-16

The news of the defeat of MIRAMoN and the oc-
cupation by the Liberal army, of the city of Mex
leo has been confirmed. The whole of Mexico is
now under the sway of the so-called Liberal Gov
eminent. President JUAREz, who has for so long
period been cooped up in Vera Cruz, was, at the
latest dates about TO take his departure for the
Capital whittier most of the subordinate govern
ment officials have preceded him. These tidings
seem to have been received with great satisfaction
in this country and many persons predict the
happiest results to the people Of Mexico from this
triumph of the Liberal cause Order, it is said,
will be speedily re-estabished, stable and eff
cient government will be maintained, and the in
habitants will receive under a vigorous admins
tration of the laws, the protection which they
have vainly sought for years, at the hands of the
arbitrary military chieftains, who have success
sively ruled over them. We confess that we are
unable to share to any great extent, in these
bright antcipations. That by the transfer Of
power from MIRAMoN to JUAREz, the nation has
experienced change for the better, will be gen.
orally conceded, for the party to which the latter
belongs is by several degrees the more enlightened
and moderate of those which have heretofore
divided the country; and even if this was not so,
it would still be impossible for any faction to in
augurate worse system than that of MIRAMoN.
But if the constitutional President, as he styles
himself, was an infinitely ADLER statesman than he
is known to be, he would inevitably disappoint
the expectations of those who have so enthusiast
tcally hailed his success for the difficulties
against which he has now to contend,
are such as can be overcome if at
all only after the lapse Of years, and by the exer
else of the most indomitable energy. To consti-
tuie civilized nation, something more than q
government is needed; there must also exist GER
tain forms of social order, to which the great bulk
Of the people habitually conform-there must be,
upon many important points, a community of
IDEAS pervading the whole population. Now, al.
though there is among the inhabitants of Mexico
much Oh tnIs montgomery OF lhougnI senli-
ment, there is far less of it than is to be found in
any State claiming 10 stand in the position which
Mexico assumes in the family of nations. There
are no wel-understood political and social princi
pies around which the people instinctivey rally in
an emergency, and thus the very foundations are
wanting, on which governments that are perma-
nent invariably rest. The population, therefore,
well as the government, and that is
task which it will require the aid Of time
and patience to accomplish. The degener-
ate people which has sprung from the ad-
mixture of distinct races, is not to be elevated or
educated by any easy and rapid processes, and the
difficulty is increased by the general demoraliza-
ton which has been produced by series of
bloody and treacherous revolutions. 1t is
almost utopian 10 expect that JUAREz, who
is himself of Indian blood, and who may
be supposed to partake Of the characteristics
of his ancestors, has either the ability or the will
to bend himself to such work as must some day
be done in Mexico. And even if he were enough
of statesman and soldier to undertake it, there is
every probability that some new pronunciamento
would shortly summon him to the field, and that
his tickle subjects would be engaged in fresh re-
volulion before any result of his labors became APP
parent. All things considered, then, we are una
BILE to feel much more hopefully about the future
of Mexico under the liberal rule, than we did
year since, when MIRAMoN and JUAREz held d.
vided sway over the nation.