Daily Democrat and news. [volume] (Davenport, Iowa) 1859-1864, 1861-03-05

power On which The pssfset;on and eniurance o
our political fsbsis dspseds, snd We denounce tn,
lsvisss invssioo, ~ - afDsd tssee, of the soil d
Any State q Isgsitey - untsos csder what pre-
'exL - amoOg the gravest u .rimcs"
noW reitefste thee seatimsuss, and doing so
only press upsa the pawlie ssssatssn the most con
esasive evidence Of which the cs.e is susceptible
are 70 be IL anywiss srdangeFcd By the nov in
| coming Admintstratiaa. i add. too, that all ths
protection which, cons stsn y With the COn,t
uon and the laws, can be given, will be checrfGl
| y given % al the states when Law uiiy demands
%, Tor whaaever eaGse-as c6essfully TO one see
There is much eoatrovsssy aSsat the delivering
o. Iusitlves from sssvies Or labor. The clause
nov read i - plsinly written in the Constitutions
| - any other Of its rsoviSions:
"No person held 20 seFvice Or labor 10 one State
dnder the laws thereof, escaping isto another
| shall, in consequence Of any iAw o. regulation
therein, be discharged from such service Or labor
but shall be delivered up on him Of the party 4
whom such service Or labor may be due"
| IL wAs lntenied by thoee Who made IT, for The
reclAiming Of shst vs call fugitive slaves, aud
the intention Of the Law given IL the law
AL s@bsrs Of Cooss.s4 swsar their support
| 70 the VhsIs COnstit0ti0o--to this provision
| - much - to any other. To the proposition
then. that slaves vhO come within the t-rms
e this clause and ehAll Le delivered up, th .ir
| osths are unanimous Nov II they would
| make the effort 10 good temper, could the,
not. with nsariYsqusi unanimity. frame and
paes lsw BY means ef which TO keep good
that unanimous oashf There 10 some differ
| encs Of opinion whether this clause s.ould bs
enforced hy National or Safe authority; but
sursly his difference 10 not very material one
lit the slave is to BE- surrendered, IL can
be Of but little consequence TO him or u
! others by which authority il s done and
should any one 10 any case be content that
his oath shal be uDkspt. smereIy un-ub-
-sao'isl controv ersy - to how It shall be kept
again 10 law upon this fut jrct, ought not oil
end hum n jnrisprudenee, to be introduced 30
that . free Dan may not be. in any case, sur
rendered as slave and might it no. BE- veil
At the came time to provide BY law tor the en-
fcrcement Of that clause in she Constitution
which guarantees that the citizens Of
each State shall be entitled 10 eli
the privileges and immuniti.s OF the
citizens Of the several Statesl I take the
official oath to-day with 10 mental reservation
~nc with no purpose TO cons rue the Consti u
ton or laws hv any b pocritics, ruies and
while do not choose now to specify particular
Acts Of Congress rs proper to be enforced, do
sugg st that it viii be much safer for ALL both
10 official and priyata staiiOos, 10 conform 70
and abide BY oil these Act~ which stand unre.
p-aled, than TO violate sry ot them. trusting
to find iupunity in having them held to BE-
unconstitutional l. il 72 years since the frs,
inau urstion Of Pre- idsnt under our national
Consultation. During that period fiji cen
different ard greatly distinguished citizens
have in succession administered The executive
ranch Of the government. They have con
Quoted it through many perils ard general y
With great success, yet With all this scops for
precedent nos enter upon the ssms ts-k for
The brief constitutional term Of four years. un
de-. grsa, aud peculiar difficulty. disruption
OF the F.lersl Uoion heretofore only men .ced
- now formidabiy attempted. hold that 10
nteu platien Of un,versal law, and Of the Con
s,ituticn, the union Of these States is perpet
ual. Perpstuity is Implied II not expressed H.
he fundamental law Of Ill nsttoosi govern
ments; il u safe 70 assert that government
proper ever had prevleion IN it, organic Ia
the express provisions OF our Ndu5n Oun.sftsn,A
and the Union will endure forevcr,it being impOs
sible to destroy it except by some action not pro-
vided for in the instrument Itself. Again, If the
u. =. be not govern ent proper, but an .ssoca-
tcn Of = ates IN the nature Of contract merely can
il as . contract be peaceatly unmade by less than
all the parties who made itf One party 10 CON
trac may violate il break it, 20 TO speak, butdocs
il not requi Q all TO rescind it? Descend ng from
these general principles, we I'm the proposition
that in legal contemplation tfe lion Is perpetual,
confirmed ny the history Of tie Union iiselt. The
y MON is much older than the Constitution it was
formed first b, the articles of association in IVA
il vas matured and continued by the Declaration
Independents. In .776 ii was further matured
ami the faith OF the then thirteen states Press
ly plixhted and engaged that it should be perpet-
uai BY tho Articles of Confederation, ard in 77o
and finally in li77 one Of the declared objects for
ordainisg and establishing the Cons tiruton was
to form . more perfect Union hy one Or by part
only OF tho States be lawfully possible the Un.on
is less than before. The Constitution having ,st
the vital element Of perpetuity, il follows from
these vi. ~ that no State, upon its own mere mo
tiou, an lawfully get out O the Union, that re-
solves and ordinances to that effect are legally
void ana that acts Of violence, within amy
state or States, against the authority o.
the United states nsurrectionary or revO
~ ;na,rv .oriing to circumstances. there
fofu j that in view Of the Consultation and
laws l.o Union is unbroken, and TO the extent VI
nv ability shall take care, as the Constitution
itself expressly snJoins on me, that the laws OF
the Union be faithfully executed in all the
states. Doing this ] oeem to be only . simple
duty ON my part. and shall perform it so far ~
practicable, unless my righuul masters, the
American people. shall withhold the requisiN'
means, in some authoritative snuer direct tn 9
con rsry. trust this will not be resarde as n
menace, but only ~ the declared purpose
Of the Union that 1t will consti-
tutionaIiy detsnd and MAINTAIN itself ln do.
,sg, thia there need be no bloodshed OF vio-
ience an there shall be none uhless il he f,r--
ed upon the national authority. The power
confi,led to me viii be used 10 held. Q, cupy
and possess the pr per,y aud places belonging
to the gOvernT ent, to collect duties and i'm
post.. but beyond what may BE- n-c-r sxry for
these objects, there viii be no INVASION, no US
ing Of trce again.t or amo'g people any
where. Where hostility to the United Stat !
apv interior locality shall beso great and %
universal to prevent competent resident ca,
izsus from holding Federal Ot6ees There will
he No attempt t. force obnoxious s,rxI gers
among the people that object, wtile the stitc,
legal right may exist IN the government to N
70, CO the exerc se Of these otIicers The at'emp,
to do 20 would be so irritating and 50 nearly
impracticsule with all that deem j, better t.
forsgo for time the uees Of such officers. Tn.
nAils. unless rspelled. viii continue 10 be fur
o,ghed in sll points Of the Union. So far NJ
possible the people every where shall have ths'
rense Of perfect security which !. most iavors
tile 70 calm thoughts and reAeetiou Tn.
current evsnts and expsrisncs shall show mod
| ,iics.ioe or ebaass ~ bs proper. and iu ever
case and esigtncy my best discretion siIi he ex
e-cissd accosding 70 the cireumss snc+s actually
existing. sSd vt,h . vlsw and . hope of 1
pescstLl solution Of the national trouble IN,
restoration Of The frstsrnal y mpathy and o.
| fsetions Thstthers are psesons in one ssctioG
OF another wifS seek TO desesay the Union .,
al events. ard who are glad Of any pret~xt q
do il, vii usithef a15rn Or deny; but j
there be such, need address no word I.
,hoss, how svsS.s sho really love tbs Upiop