Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1861-12-06

own country. An insurgents Iofce VI aOout
1900 for months dominating the narrow pc
nisaiar region constituting the counties OF
Aeconae aud Northampton. and known a.
the eastern shore OF Virgins. together
with some contiguous parts OF Maryland,
have laid down their arms, and the people
there have renewed their allegiance 10. and
accepted the protection OF the old nag;
This leaves no armed instruction north OF
the Potomac or east OF the Chesapeake.
Ah,, We have obtained footing nj each Of
the isolated points on the southern coast OF
Ilaitsras. Port ROYAL. Tybee Island. near
savannah. and Ship Island, and NO likewise
hay. sone general accounts Of popular move
men,s In behalf OF the union IN North Car
OHM and Tennessee. These things dsmoo-
strate that the course Of the union 10 ad'
vancins steadily southwark.
Since your las, adjournment. Lieut.. Zen.
Scott has retired from the hea ! ~ the army.
Daring his long life the nation has not been
unmindful of hi. merits. yet on calling 20
mind how faithfully, ably and brilliantly
b. la. .-ryei the country, from time lar
back Va our history. whom lew ~ the now
living had been born. and thcnc-ior~ard
eoniinuaIIy, cannot but think that We are
still his debtor. ] submit, therefore, Tor
YOUR confederation, what further marx Oi
recognition u due TO him and ourselves A. q
grateful people. With tia retirement OF
Gen. Scott. cam" thu executive duty Of ap-
pointing in his stead q G,nsral.in chef OF
the army. It's n fortunate circumstance
tina, neither in coun III or country vas there,
90 far ms know. any difference Of opinion
ne TO the proper person 10 b. selected. The
re,irin. eh,ei repeatedly expressed hi. judy
men, IN favor Of Gen. Mcclellan for the %.
siiion, and 20 this the nation -c.net To give
n unanimous concurrence. The designation
OF zen. Mcclellan -, therefore. IN u eOnslj.
cradle degree the selection OF the country rs
vol A. tie executive. aud hence there - bet.
ter rea-rn 10 believe there will ~ given him
the confidence and cordial support thus by
fair implication promised. and without
which he cannot with - much efficiency
serve the country. IL has teen aid that
one bad General i. better than two good
oucs. AMI the saying }. true, VI taken t0
mean mOrc. that an arny - hotter dIrsoisi
by q single mimi. though inferior. than 10y
two superior ones at variance aud eros, pur-
poses. aud the same ~ true In all piut orof.
alton whsruin those engaged can have none
but common cni IN view. aud can dlfsr
only ~ 10 the choice Of means In storm
y, ga. none on board can wish the ,hip 10
sink. and Vet 40, un'requebtly all 60 down
together. bec,u-o To- many will direct. and
no single mind can De allowed To control.
Ia continues 90 10 Developed tha' The In.
surrcction !. largely, u not exclusively. q
war upon the trst principles Of popular gov
eminent AMI N. rights OF the people. Con.
elusive evidence Of this % lound Ia the nc-,
grave and matur,Iy considered public docu-
ment. a. well a. the sederai tone cf the an
,urg-nt. Ia thee document. We end the
abriisru.nt u the EXISTING right TO rartici.
ya,s IN the selection OF public ofhcrr.. st.
csp, the legislative body advocated With
lahJrrd arguments, 10 prove that large con
troll of the government in the pe0plc i the
source OF all political evil. Monarchy i,.slf
.. ,oms,nes hln,od at q. 4 possible rriugs
from the power of ihe people, In my pres.
eni position could scarcely b justified
were | 10 omi, raising a warning voice
sgain-, ,hi. approach Of returning de-roi.
isln II i, not needed nor fitting here tina,
n general argument should be made m favor
OF popular institutions. hut there q, one
point with it, connection. not - hscknsyed
ne mo.t Others. 20 which ask Lrisi AZ.
ten,ion u 10 the effort 10 place capital on
an equal footing With. II not above labor ia
the structure Of government IL ~ assume!
that labor v available only in connection
with carital there nobody lahnrs unless
.orn,hody el.- owning capital show how by
the u-o Of 4, induce. hin to labor.
Thi. assumed. iyi. next considered wheih.
cr q ), beet that capital shall hip lahorer.
and then induce them o. sork ~ their own
con.cnt. or hoy them and drive them ca 4,
without their consent. Having proceeded
50 lar. it - naturally concluded that all la
boryr- are either hirrd labur,r.. or what Ne
call slave. md further. n 7. assumed that
whoever - once hired larorsr. - hNed IN
that condition tor life. Now, there 10 no
.uch relation between capital and labor rs
assumed. nor i there any such thing 20 a
ire msn h-.ins hKed lor liir m the condition
~ hirri lah,rrr. C,pitsl has 10 rights.
which are % worthy VI protection NJ my
oIbei rights nor u 10 denied that there -
probability iherr Away, will he a relation
between labor and capi.,l. producing mu-
tual benefits. Both Of thes, assumption.
are ials,, aud AL infrrrnces from them are
grouniIc-s. Labor Is PRIOR 10 aud lndcyen
dent OF capital. Capital y only th. point
II labor, ani could never have existed II
labor had not first eIisted. Labor j. the
superior Of capital. and deserves the higher
cun.id,rstion. Tho cTror j. IN assuming
that the whole lator Oi tho cnmmunitrs
exists m that relation. lew men own clpi.
tai, and few avoid labor themselves. and
with their capital hire " boy another few
to labor for them \ largo msl,ri,y BE-
l1nsinr 20 neither class, neither work tor
Others nor have Others work Tor them. In
mos, IL tho Southern States majority of
the whole people. Of al colOrs. ara neither
slaves nor masters. while IN the Northern
Siltc-. large majority are neither hirts
nor hired men. with their families, wiye-.
rons and daughters, they work Tor themselves,
Ola their farms, in their houses and in their
shops, taking the whole products to them.
elves, and asking no layir- % capital on
the one hand. nor of the hIred labor on the
other. IL Is not forgotten that q consider
be number vi pcrrous .Ipinglo their own
labor with capital, that Is they labor With
their own hands. and also buy or hire Others
TO labor for them.
From the fir., ,akin: Of our national cen
sns 10 the la-t seventy years, Ne ind our
population as the end Oi that period eight
times "a great a. lt Was at the beginning
The increase of thcsc and other thugs which
men deem desirable has bccn even greater
We thus have 10 one view what the popular
priucipl. applied 10 the Government ihroogh
the machinery Of the States. and the Union
has produced Ia a given time. aud also what
II firmly maintained, ii pronis.. Cor the ia.
turs. There are among us tho.s who, lf
the Union he preserved. will live to sce 1t