, 1861-10-10
AatieuIturs.
Improvement Of Pastures.


In the grain and stock farming IN this
country, difficulty is occasionally experI.
enced from the prevalence Of seasons un.
favorable to grass-this product being in.
sufficient for the summer supply Of stock
and causing, il nothing more serious, a
falling of In the growth or produce Of the
hoOks and herds Of the farmer. The same
causes also lessen the supply Of winter for.
age; and this, with the reduced condition of
the animals, entails further decrease in value.
A partial remedy is found in the usual prac.
tice Of reducing the number of animals,
but it is not profitable time to sell when
every one Is forcing an over supply of an
infsrior article upon dull market. And it
may be that another season will prove
favorable for pasturage, which will then be
lost for want Of stock to consume it. 1t
may bring high prices for that chen in short
supply-beef, mutton, dairy products, &C.,
but very little to the advantage Of the far.
mor. III
The best security against the effects Of
drouth is found in a deep porous soil-one
able 10 hold large quantity Of "wAter Of
absorption" and furnishing ready passage
for the water Of drainage" so that it will
retain Its moist and mellow state much
longer than y bard or underdrained.soil.
The effect Of drouth is first apparent on the
hardest and least fertile soils, and such sui.
fer most from redundant moisture, because
it must pass of very. slowly by evaporation.
which has further tendency TO bake and
harden the soil. The first provision should
be better drainage; next, If cultivated at
ell deeper cultivation, and last, every avail.
able appliance In the way Of enriching the
soil On q fertile soil, grass starts early; its
roots are stronger and run deeper, SnI
hence are less affected by dry weather than
that Of . weaker and later growth. Our
cropped pastures are also slower in starting
and have less power TO Withstand the lank
Of raia a1d hence are less reliable At all
seasons. The most marked improvement
in he product Of grass we have ever OBJ
served, has been effected by manure ap.
Piled IN autumn, and this, in connection
with irrigation in spring and early summer,
has worked wonders on pasture lands where
both may BE- applied. Under the head Of
man1ra We may class not only the contents
of he farm ynfd, but lime, plaster, bone
dust ashes, guano, ETC. these latter, not,
however, like the first, Of universal applica
ton, hut suited 70 the wants Of particular
soils. Upon clover, plaster or gypsum pro.
dnces 1n eEco|leut efett and onsuils suited to
thllcrgp, and 40: too far impoverished, 1t is a
cheap end efficient means Of improvement.
A better growth Of grass will enable the
farmer to keep more stock, and thus pro
duce moro manure, but only 70 4 certain point
ara slock plodtdble ToS great ! number
viii eai the grass before il grows" or so
early and 20 close - % preyentits growth,
and thus spoil more than they enrich. lt
may Be ct down as rule that grain farm
should winter more sock than Il sumfneFs--
making np lle lack IL forage BY feeding
freely Of grains snd L will Be- found that
1uc1 arns improve Ear more rapidly. The
rca11n . very simple Grain fed stock
produce more and Letter manure, It's value
3 q least double that made from corn iod.
Der aloue, and Will produce quicker and
more telling cIeof wherever II may Be a..
piled. Let the experiment, then, be tried
b alI-on small scale, if no more, by the
Inulednlous- all may be- satisfied Of
The result Nanuro should Be composed
ioI snfllee application, to give fneness, 70
destroy tlo seeds which Il contains, and to
rs1l.l L readily solable. that It take imme.
diaIo eject.
Tor drell . meadow or pasture early in
autumn. speeding the manure IS even as
possible Top dress the winter wheat which
y % - pep1el q grass nowand clover IN the
gpr1I. not only lof The benefit Of the wheat,
but lor flli q the ensuing crop. Ifgrass seed
has ben Gown NitheprlHg grain, his, lDo,will
b materially benefited By an early dressing
Of manure, uillisIlef Qilhstand the winter,
ard plodncs . laf heagier first crop.
We venture 70 predict Tint the farmer
uho thoroughly tries these experiments will
1uon 4rl.y larger share of hls manure in
thIs Vay. He will not feel the lack Of
m4n1ro q ploW under for his corn crop
uteu q thick, heavy sward supplies is
rI.ol. nor observe any failure in the ensuing
1p1AF crop when That sHard again comes
- ~ surface; and bic surface, manured
wheat will pFepere the soil fDr another crop
q clover, q Be- again nlanured, il necessary,
. enrich lls soil Plaster viii Of course
Be emplo5 ed and IN few years be will
very likely dnd that dressing Of lime will
largely inorense he product of his soil, and
i viii Be aoeofdingIy applied. II these
views are cofreci, then the Improvement Of
cr1@. land lies a. the foundation Of better
farming and more certain results in all It's
operations The details in every case can
laarca|g be pointed oui, but with the gen.
cl1l principle N view 70 employ every avail.
able method 70 grow good grass crops, and
keep better slock, The lhriner can pursue his
I..Mm unnIHII. naa1.rn1 af,.e awoae;s,,,s,s ..sl