, 1861-03-07

upon the roots, while anotherc constant, pours
n water, thus Keeping the earth IN muddy
state. Tbs fundamental principle to be
generally observed In transplanttng, is to head
back the top Of the tree In proportion to the j.
losa OF root that 1t has sustained By being re.
moved. Some fruit trees may be moved
much more easily than others, Downing ar.
ranges them with reference to this point In
the following order: Plums, ounces, apples,
pears, peaches, 1ectarines, aPrieots, and, la5t
rule thatthe larger The tree The less tho chances Of
success: In the Northern States small trees
should always be set in the spring. Medium
sized treees-say five to ten feet high-may be
set equally well either In autumn or spring.
Trees OF large size should ,be moved late In
autumn, In the winter or quite early In the
spring. The evergreen tribe are, however,
best planted out just as their buds begin to
swell In the spring but they are somewhat
successfully set ii autumn, and also during
the Last Of May aud first Of june. Il their
roots are exposed to dry ont Of the ground,
they are are almost certain to die.
PROTECTION FROM FROST.
Straw and leaves Laid several inches deep
about their roots are very useful In protecting
half hardy plants during the winter. Garden
pots, empty boxes, barrels, hand-glasses, and
in particular cases, for the protection of eazly
plants from spring frosts, and later ones from
those Of the autumn. Common tnmblers may
be used for very small plants, but they must
be raised, whenever moisture aecumulates.
Fruit trees in bloom, or covered with young
fruit just formed, may be protected by keep
Ing up smoulderfhg, smoking fires during the
night in various parts Of the garden, at the
windward side But little fire is required, the
clouds of smoke effactually Warding off the
frost. The amount of fruit which might often
be thus Bayed would repay hnudred-fold the
labor and cure bestowed in this way.
STOCK
CHESTER WHITE hogs.
Some persona have supposed that in orc O.
to have superior breed, the stock must bs
imported, Why cannot We originate as good
stock in this country as in England, if We pay
the same are and attention as Is bestowed
there? The Chester County hog originated in
Chester County, Pa, hence its name. The
Chester is o hardy hog, and is distinguished for
q large size, some Of them when full fedweigh
six to seven hundred pounds, very rapid
growth. early maturity, and great propensity.
form, and docile disposition, and are
very quiet. With an equal amount Of
food, the 6heste1s will probably make more
and better pork than any other breed Of hogs
for facility for fattening they are unequalled.
The Chester hog should be placed In the same
category among swine, that the Morgan horse
Piles. The thoroughbred are always white !;
they are epeculiar for being quiet and peaceable,
and for being in good condition for slaughter
at any time otter being six weeks old. They
are ehortlegged, broad on the back, have short
heads and noses, and have often weighed at
from sixteen to eighteen months old, over six
hundred pounds.
M1suE1LANEoUs.
The Esoes and Ldmbs-Wiu claim particular
attention at this season. We believe in earIy
lambs somehow they seem to get through
the season better; md make 1ikeIier sheen In
the end, only they must have close watching
at first. IF lambs can be kept from b. .eak ex.
posute, In close, dry sheltered yard, there is
but little trouble in raising them, if they come
any time after nid-Winter.
MISUNDERSTANDING is placing mulch O,
moist Litter OF various kinds upon the surface
Of the soil over the roots of trees, shrubs 81
herbaceous plants. Its uses are the retention
Of moisture, the prevention Of injury BIZ frost
and the promotion Of IN equable Temperature
Strawberries thin1y mulched, the crown being
uncovered, are rendered more productive and
continue longer in bearing, especially in hot
dry climates. Newly planted fruit-trees ara
often greatly benefited by mulching,
asparagus. SIN old times, gardeners used to
have good deal of ceremony in making as
paragus beds, by paving the bottoms with
stone, and using certain definite proportions
of this compost and that, without which they
asserted, asparagus would not grow. Expert
snee has proved this to be all unnecessary.
light loan, made very rich, pretty deep down
il all you need for bed. The asparagus ls 3
native Of the seashore. OF course, it likes 3
sandy chance and some salt. It has a profu
sion OF long stringy roots which like to spread
over large surface, and to plunge deep. Give
it chance by spading up q light loan, twt
feet deep, and make It as rich with gooa OLD
Yn0u saa nun Ter, nu1o A.t
stalks, give each root fair elbow roop. HfaRf
lowe not less than foot apart, ap i two fee
would be better, If you had room enough. anf
set the roots ten inches apart In the rows.
put nearer together, you must feed high ani
apply the dressing often. In regard TO th,
tlme OF setting out, the fall is good time
Early spring is quite as good. If planted il
the fall be sure to mulch the bed well ate
you have done it, By covering over well will
leaves, or litter, which should be raked off il
epring- This prevents the frost from throwing
the plants out OF the ground during the win
ter and spring. The plants should he cut
| 5ParIngly Until they are four or, five years old
stalks, and FORK in q lot Of old barn.yard M
| nure, md pour On some brine This will ker1
| up the fertility. You cannot get an asparaeui
/ bed too rich, but it should also be Light ant
somewhat porous, and kept free of grass ant
i weeds.
AtAHA3 A1SHS-A>A 1E46 1lADlE u QRaYe tT irQSt{
in winter, are sooner ready In spring, and plant:
| start earlier in them than In SITTER ones. Th,
reason is, there is Eo dead water in the ground
the air circulates more readily through them
! and the heat OF the sun penetrntes them mori
etiectually. Is not this q conclusive argument
in favor Of UNDERSTANDING !?
On5ons-SelectioH Of G707snd.-A deep loan,
soil is considered the best for onions, though
they will grow On soil large portion of whicl
is clay. A light porous soil with a gravel,
subsoil shou1d be avoided. The surface q
the ground should be nearly level, as hill,
ground is liable to wash from heavy rains. Ii
selecting piece OF ground for onions, thcr
are several things that should be considered
1st, ground that is stony should be avoided
unless the cost Of removing the stones Is frs
considered. End, ground that is overrun b,
weeds and troublesome grasses, should not b
chosen until they are first subdued. Sd, grouut
that is shaded will not do; neither that whicl
IS too wet to be worked early In the spring
Having attended to the foregoing hints. it /
also important to se1ect with reference to cul
tl4atng lhe same ground for onions for an in
definite length Of time. for in so doing, the Ia
Dor OF hIft preparation is avoided; besides
each succeeding crop is more easily cultivated
provided the previous work has been tho1
oughly done.
Cattle IN .Sp7ing--It is very improbable t.
permit cattle to run loose before the middl
Of April. If they roam over the farm, obtain
ing IN occasional and meagre bite Of grass
they acquire disrelish Of dry forage, Will
they cannot obtain a sufficient amount O
| green to satisfy their wants.