Juliet signal. [volume] (Juliet [i.e. Joliet], Ill.) 1844-1???, 1861-12-10

| appropriation for maintaining a Cha, ee
d'Afsires near each of those States. IL
does not admit of doubt tina: importap,
commercial advantages might be secured
by favorable treaties with them.
The operations of the Treaty during the
period which has elapsed since YOUR ad
Journment have been conducted with signal
success. The patriotism of the people has
placed at the disposal of the government
the large means demanded by the rub
lie exigencies. Much Of the national loan
has been taken by citizens Of the industrial
classes, whose confidence in their cauntrv,s
faith. and zeal for their country's deliver
anee from its present peril. have induced
them to contribute 30 the support of the
! government the whole of their limited sc
QUESTIONS. This fact impresses PECULIAR
obligations to economy in disbursement and
energy in action. The revenue from all
sources. including loans, for the financial
year ending on the Goth June, 1861, was
sec. 1876, 9O0,27, and the expenditures for
the same period. including payments on
account OF the public debt, were 1884,
5'S,U54,34 leaving balance in the treas
ury, on the first Of July, of 81, 257 ,O65, 80.
For the trst quarter of the financial wear
ending Both September. 1861, the receipts
from oil sources, including the balance from
July LIST, were $l02. $50. sos, 81. and the
expenditures. S9S, 239 1880; leaving a
balance on the LIST of October, 1861, of S4.
292,I'6l IL. The estimates for the remain.
ing three quarters Of the year, and for the
financial year of 1868, together with his
views OF the ways and means for meeting
the demands contemplated by them, will be
submitted to Congress by the Secretary Of
the Treasury. ~
1T Is gratifying to know that the expenses
made necessary by the rebellion are not
beyond the resources Of the loyal people.
ana to belieTe hat THE same patriotism that
has thus far sustained the government will
continue to sustain it till peace and union
shall again bless the land.
respectfully refer to the report of the
Secretary of War for information resnect.
ing the numerical strength of the army.
and for recommendations having in view
40 increase ofits efficiency and the WELL
being OF the various branches of the service
intrusted TO his care.
| tits gratifying to know that the patriot
ism OF the people is equal to the occasion.
and that the number of troops rendered
greatly exceeds the force which Congress
authorized me to call into the field.
| refer with pleasure to those portions of
his report which make allusion to the cred.
table degree of discipline already attained
by our troops, and to the excellent sanitary
condition Of the entire army.
The recommendation by the Secretary
tor an organization of the militia upon a
uniform basis is a subject of vital import-
anee TO the future safety vfthe country, and
u commended to the serious attention of
Congress.
A large addition to the regular army. in
connection with the detection that has so
considerably diminished the number of it's
ofhcers, gives peculiar Importance to his
recommendation for increasing the corps of
CADETS to the greatest capacity Of the Mill,
tary Academy.
BY mere omission. presume, Congress
| has failed to provide Chaplains for the hos.
p'tals occupied 10y volunteers. This subject
was brought to my notice, and was in
duced TO draw up the form of letter, one
copy OF which was properly addressed to
each of the persono and us tho dares re.
spectively named and stated in a schedule.
containing also the form of the lette. mark
ed "A" and herewith transmitted. These
gentlemen, l understand. entered upon the
duties designated at times respectively
stated in the schedule. and have labured
faithfully therein ever SINCE. / therefore
recommend that they be compensated at the
same rate as Chaplains in the army.
further suggest that general provision
he made for Cbaplains 20 serve st hospitals
as well as with regiments.
The report of the Secretary Of the NAVY
presents in detail the operations of that
branch of the service, and the ACTIVITY and
energy which have characterized its admin
istration, and the results Of measures TO
| increase its efficiency aud power. Such
have been the additions, BY construction
and purchase, that it may almost be said a
navy has been erected and brought into
service since our difficulties commenced -
Besides tlackadipg our extensive coast.
! squadrnns larger than ever before assem-,
bled under our flag have been put afoat
and performed deeds which have incl eased
our naval renown.
l would invite special attention to the
recommendation Of the Secretary of the
! Navy for more perfect organization of the
| navy, by Introducing additional grades in
the service. The present organization is
defective and unsatisfactory, and the sug-
gestions submitted by the Department, will
1t is believed, if adopted, Obviate the diff
| culties alluded to, promote harmony, and
| increase the efficiency of the navy.
There are three vacancies on the bench
OF the Supreme COurt-two by the decease
OF Justices Daniel and McLeyn, and one
by the resignation of Justice Campbell. 1
have so far forborne making nominations
to bill these vacancies, for reasons which
will now state. Two of the outgoing
Judges resided within the States now over
run by revolt, so that; If successors were
appointed IN the same localities, they could
not serve upon their Circuits, and MANY Of
the most competent men there probably
would not take the personal hazard IF ac-
cepung to serve even here upon the Su-
preme Bench. ! have been unwilling to
throw all the appointments Horthward,
thus disabling myself from duing justice to
the South On the return Of peace, although
L may remark that to transfer to the North
one which has heretofore been in the South
would not, with reference t. territory and
population, be unjust. During the long
and brilliant judicial career of Judge Nc
Lean. HE Circuit grew into an empire al
together too large for any one Judge to
give the courts therein more than a pomi.
nal attendance.-risingi 10 population from
100000 in 1881 to 6, Isl 405 in 1851
Besides this, the country has generally DOT.
grown our present judicial system.
If uniformity was at all intended. the
system requires that all the States shall be
accommodated with Circuit Courts, attend
ed by Supreme Judges; while, in fact,
Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa Kansas, Flor,
ida. Texas, California aud Oregon have
never had any such courts. Nor can this
be well remedIed without a change in the
system, because the adding of Jnsticas 10
the Supreme Court enough tor the accom-
modatlon OF all parts OF the country with
Circuit Courts would create a court Alto
gether too numerous for Judicial body of
any sort, and the evil Of it viii be one that
will increase az new States cpme into the
Union. Circuit Courts are useful or they
are not useful. If useful, no State should
be denied them; it not useful. no State