The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-03-04


UPea Us.
To-day the two American coufedersoies as
sumo form and shape under their new govern
ments. The following shows the competition
Of the respective cabinets
C0NEDR Anon. CONFEDERATION
President. Abraham lincoln. Jefferson Davis
Vice President Hannibal aAmlin. A IL 3teohsus.
Sec Of State. W. VI seward. Robert Too nbs.
Sec on Treasury Salnon r Chase. s. Memninger.
SEQ Of interior. Caleb Smith. Vacancy
SEQ of War .Simoo Cameron. /. r. walker
SEQ Of Navy. Montgomery Blair John Perkins, Jr
Postmaster Gen. Gideon wollee. H r. Ellett.
Attorney Gen Edward Bates. ]. 7. Benjamin
The Southern confederacy, it appears, has
already decided upon most Of the financial,
military, naval and postal measures necessary
| to its defence and consolidation II has su-
| thorized the issue Of loan of $l5,OOO,OoO to
provide for the immediate wants of the govern
| ment; II has adopted measures for the forma-
ton Of small navy sufficient to protect its har-
bors and coasts; 1t has organized an army of
10000 drilled men, and it has laid In an immense
supply of provisions and breadstufs, thus giving
the lie to the republican organs which have
been telling their readers ct the North that the
Southern people were already beginning 70
suffer from want Of food, and would soon be
starved into submission. This accounts for the
large amount of gold which has found its way TO
the Northwest, and which has been to certain
extent benedtting US here by helping TO allevi-
| ate the embarrassments occasioned to the mer-
camille community by the stringency Of the
money market.
In addition to these, the Southern Congress
has passed several other measures which attest
its foresight and selfrelisnce. It has adopted
q tariff provisional in Its application but which
will answer its purpose by giving the new gov
eminent portion Of the revenue that it will re-
quire. The national loan of 5000, 900, which
is stated, been oil taken up. In addition to this,
Georgia has appropriated $l,O00,000, South
Carolina $675, 900, Louisiana $500,00O, and Ala
bama 100000, for the necessities Of the con-
federation. II is amply supplied with NUM-
tons Of war; for, as the Northern journals
have been taking care to inform the public, the
| seeding States have seized on war neatfrid,
belonging to the nation, amounting in value
to about $20,OOO,00O, but which, it is
true, they offer to pay o reasonable
price for when the accounts between the two
governments come to be squared up, If that
should ever take place In point Of military
organization they have been equally favored,
having secured the nucleus for a splen-
did army and navy through the resigna-
ton Of the numerous military and naval
officers enumerated in the list which we
published yesterday, and who comprise
some of the best officers in the service,
the greater part of them having been educated
at West Point, or on board the national vessels.
In matters of internal economy the South
ern government has set us an example which it
would have been well for us II we had long
since initiated ourselves. 1t has decided, for
instance, to make Its postal service selfsustan-
ing; and in order to equalize its receipts and
expenditures it proposes to discontinue oil
useless contracts, abolish post offices that are
an expense, do away with the system of
free newspaper exchanges and the frank
ing privilege, all Of which constituted The
great obstacles to the proper working of
the Department Thus it will be seen
that statesmanlike views have presided over
the preliminary measures Of the new Southern
government, and that it is arming itself for all
contingencies. In the seeded States men seem
to be animated by but one spirit, owing to the
failure in Congress Of settlement Of the exist
ing difficulties, and they entertain strong hopes
now, we fear destined to be realized, that they
will be joined by the border States
Such are the condition and prospects of the
new Southern confederation on this 4th cot
March, ls6l-a day likely to prove one of the
most memorable in history.
On the other hand we have the Northern con-
federation, which il to inauguratc the Presi-
dent elect to-day. The new government, if
it is not openly and boldly in favor of
coercion, Is in hopes Of settling the differences
between North and South by attempting to re-
| take the federal forts and to collect the reve-
nue. by means Of blockade OF the Southern
coast It's leaders it is true, protest against
these measures being considered in the light Of
coercion; but this Is O distinction without
difference The mere attempt to use
force viii precipitate the country into
bloody struggle between men of tho same
race and lineage, and who, IL they could
only be taught to think so, have interests
in every respect identical. Nor will this con-
fict be confined to hostilities between the North
and South Here in the North there will be
division between the radical portion Of the re-
publicaas constituting one party, and the con-
servative elements resolving themselves into
another; and whilst all this is going on the ad-
ministration viii be weakened by Discussions
in the Cabinet, resulting from the efforts of the
extremists TO crush out the more moderate, rs
well as from tho jealousies and heartburnings
growing out Of the distribution Of the spoils of
Office.
Such is the aspect presented by the two con.
federacies AZ they stand to-day. Before week
Az. a,iin; nat;o.,a ,.l,ict Al,