The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1861-03-21
An Abstract ON Physiology.
BY CHARLES r. DOLBY.

% SHAiNHHS n. DSLbI
High over the entrance of the temple of Delphi,
were inscribed these words: "Know thyself"
we'll would it be for us, for health and happi-
ness were these words engraved above the portal
of every one OF Gods tempes-mau.
There is, probably, no study of so much impor
tance. and so much neglected, the study of
Physiology. For few moments let take a
ramble Though this realm of bone n uscle, of or
gaDized nature, stopping here and there TO pick
up thought by the way.
The .term physiology is derived from the
Greek words, moaning description of nature
This science is confined to such things as have
life as man animals, and vegetables. These three
departments are severally called human, ani0,al,
aud vegetable physiology, But We will consiier
but one at present-human Physiology. the struc-
ture of the human body, the form and use of It's
several parts, AMI the means to be employed for
their protection and preservation.
The human body is composed of solids aud flu
ids The solids are the bcnes the nerves and the
muscle; the fluids are the tears gall and blood
The bones ofthe body are formed from the food
after it has under gone the various processes Of
digestion, Qualification. &c.
If the bones of man, like those of the lobster
oyster, clam, crabs, and ether shell. fish-were
placed upon the out side of the body-he coulf
have but little feeling or knowledge, as he could
not come in contact with the outer world TIL,
bones of old people are very hard and brittle oW
ing to u want of moisture, but the bones of youns
children are very soft and plant MANY people
are rendered partially deformed for lie on &C
count of lack of knowledge or judgement Oh th,
part of their parents. They are taught to walk
/ ~; HON nof stro
tain them, and thus they are made handy .legget
| for life.
There is L tribe of North American Indians
called Flat heads, who derived their name from
| the custom they have of binding pieces of board
on the heads OF their infants thus causing the sol
bone to become fiat, and this pressure is continue,
until the bone is sufficiently hard to keep til,
shape through life.
Tight lacing is also very injurious, especial,
In the young, the bones are misplaced, the circu
aton is retaared. ard the health DESTROYED
The human skull is composed of eight bones al
of which are united like saws when the toothe,
| edges are pressed together.
There are fourteen bones IN the face withou
the teeth, also four in each ear There is alse on
at the root of the tongue making in all sixty thre
bones above the upper joint of the neck.
The spinal column is made up of twenty four
short, round and perforated bones, termed yerte
brGe and have some resemblance of so many ring
lpiled one upon another. The resemblance is no
IporlSCIj uoHSNSC, tue F6rteDrae is not perfect
ly round, and have, EACH several projections
which serve to link them together and thus form
that upright, strong, though flexible column tina
gives erectness, grace, and dignity to the human
form.
This bone is very often crook ed bv tight elothe
sitting in seats without backs to lean against an
exercise In the open air.
| There are twenty-four ribs, twelve on eae
side These grow out of the spine forming n hoo
fastened in front. These are the safeguards of tn
heart and lungs.
There are two shoulder bones and two cola
bones. There are three bones in the arm. one be
tween the shoulder and the elbow, and two be
tween the elbow and wrist
The wrist has eight bones, all being wedge
shaped, The hand and fingers have ninetee
bones; the feet twentysix each.
There are in the whole human BODY two hur
bred and forty bones.
The teeth are made from the same materials q
the other bones, mostly lime. They differ, how
ever, IN TINS particular, that they covere
with hard, smooth substance called eaQgn
This enamel gives strength for biting and chewing
it also protects the bone from the actions of acid
, and prevents decay, and also adds much TO the
beauty The tooth is divided into three part
called The crown, the neck and the root. III
crown is that part which rise above the Jaw, ii
neck that part, clasped 10y the up, er part of I'll
socket, the root that part which is fastened to fl
jaw. An adult, when the set is perfect has thirt
= two sixteen ON each side. The teeth are supple
with blood vessels and nerves.
A person has three skins: the nnermost is cal
ed the true kin. 1t is madeup of blood vesse
and nerves, woven in fine net work Overth
there is another, and on this is spret d the matt
D which gives color This differs in different pc
pies, in some it is white and in others black, &
4 The brain resembles marrow filled with bio,
: vessels 1t is six inches long, five inches wild
1t weighs fIom three to four pounds.
All the blood passes through the heart once
three minutes, therefore sixteen thousand pound
or eight tons passes through the heart in invent
G four hours
/ The temperature Of the human body is ninet
: eight degrees of Fahrenheit, whether under t
fry of the tropics, or in the rigid zone, pro,
Y ded the person is, healthy.
The bone and muscle Of the body are constant
. wearing away, and to maintain them PERFECT
secretion is constantly going on through the bloc
. 1t is estimated that the whole body is worn aw
L and built up again, once in seven years, SO III
/ every seven years we may be said 10 have ut
l. body.
J., Pleasant Prairie, eb. 1860.