Daily national Democrat., 1861-06-26
The Organization of an Army.

| French school and in our own, so far AS W,
have had armies. The number in companies
regiments. DC, vary at different times, anC
vary by law. In times of peace the rank anC
file are reduced to skeleton, and the officer:
retained, 1--WE speak of regulars,) 81 that il
time of var they can soon he filled up. The
outline elements of an army are these:
a company is the unit of an army, and i,
| supposed to average, on the war basis, loo
men, officers included. The general rule fol
the organization of such company gives on,
captain, two lieutenauts five sergeants and
four corpOras and eghty-fve men. Former
ly each company had an ensign, who carried
the flag hut his place is now supplied 10y the
| color sergeant There is one more sergeant
than corpomls the first lieutenant being
called the orderly sergeant aud is, neXtto III,
captain, the most important man in the COM
rany-carrying the books Of the company
and calling the roll morning and evening
The company is formed, when in column, into
two plntoons and four sections. each platoon
commanded by lieutenant, and each section
! by a sergeant
a regiment is regularly composed of ten
companies, or two battaluns a battalion be-
ing half Il regiment, and composed of five
companies --one of them called light, or
rout company, intended in regular service to
operate outside of the heavy columns, as flank
ing parties, guards DC
The officers of a regiment, independent OF
company oiliaers, are colonel, lieutenant
colonel. two majors, adutnnt quartermaster
and commissory Each separate body oI
troops must have commissary and quarter
master, but in a large army they are appoint
cd to regiments or brigades. A regiment
when constituted will be formed thus: l
colonel, l lieutenant colonel, ! adiutant, l
quartermaster, l cOmmissary, 2 majors, 10
captains, 20 eutenants, 40 sergeants, 40 cor
poraIs, and $50 private men-making 975
tut in reality there are some others each
company has regularly drummer and hfer
which make a regimental band of 20, besides
the drum major. Then the regiment when
full is made up regularly of 1000 men.
a brigade should be composed of two regi
rdeo,s, squadron of cavalry, and a corps OF
field artillery ifthesr were all full, com
plete brigade operating alone would, in our
service .: in the French, make 2,400 men,
a division is composed of two brigades,
with additional corps of cavalry and artil
lery, making in our army, including the staff
and music, about 1000 men. This is the
highest element of organization in our SER
vice; but in France, as they organize immense
armies, there is one other.
The corps is composed of two or more di-
visions frequently fouror five The corps is
IN the French service, properly commanded
10y field marshaI-an officer unknown to
our country-and the corps is properly a COM
plete army in itself In Napoleons march
on Russia, he had eight or ten of these corps
in active service-mNking field army Of
100000 or 100000 men. From the elements
We have given il will be seen that however
large the army may be- it is SO organized as
to be perfect in all its parts, and moves with
exact order and discipline. In the field all
orders aud operations are carried on through
the staff OF the army, and when we come to
active service, the staff is the most important
part Of the army; for this being vast ma
chine, of which each part is perfectly ohedi-
ent to, and directed toy the head, it is evident
that all must depend ON the skill, ability and
di@cernmeut of the staff through which it acts
| is in vain that Scott, or any great General,
commands, if the staff officers are incompe-
tent.
The staff consists of the aids, the adiutant
general. the engineer, the Quartermaster and
commssary generals Through the adiutant
general all orders are conveyed to each par
ticular part, BY the quartermaster all trans
porations, ana vehicles and horses are fur
nishcd; by the comnissary, ali supplies; 10y
the engineer the topography Of tne country Is
thoroughly examined, the practicability o.
passes determined forifcations built or at
tackled Then the staff of the army becomes
its eye and all its faculties. The general sim
ly deciding the movements of the army on
the facts and clements thus furnished In
the grand French armies there was chief of
the staff or head Of the Bureau. In Napoleon's
IL af f,f ub,,l
thi,r deemed one Of the aJlest officers Of the
French army. Napoleon knew the value of
a good staff, and had ADLER men in it than
were at the head Of the divisions If an eX-
teu.iye army should be formed, this should
always be the case.
In the statement we have made it will be
seen that there is a strong similarity hetween
modern army, well organized, and that of
the Romans Oar company corresponds with
the Roman Century, aud our division to the
Roman Legion. The Roman Legion. when
full, contained G,UO0 men, which comprc-
hended portion of auXilares, and were di-
vided SO us to include all kinds of service. A
Roman Legion was complete army in itself,
and the experience then and now is that a
compact body or force of 5000 men, is as
large as can be organized to act as one body
| larger than that, they must act as separate
bodies, moving harmoniously together
CHARGE or TMNplsu CRIME During
yesterday afternoon, says the Sacramento
Union of the 25th j. w. Coilroth was en-
ployed 10y Miss E Mitchell to prosecute Mike
5rannigan and others, on a charge of perpe-
traliug hendsh crime. She accuses him Of
having taken her out to ride, on Sunday af-
ternoon, and of administering drugs in some
kind of drink. after which he ravished her
himself and aideded or allotted two or three
others perpeiratiug the same outrage. How
lar these facts will be substantiated on legal
investigation, it is Of course impossible to say.
The incidental facts in the case, so far as we
could learn them, are as follow: Miss
Mitchell! came to the st. George Hotel, from
| San Francisco Oh Friday, bringing a recon-
mendation from that city. She came up to
till an engagement at the Melodeon at the
Metropolitan Iheatcr. She has been in the
state but two or three weeks. On Sunday,
Mike Branuigau urged her to take ride out
to Smiths Garden, which invitation she at
first and repeatedly declined She after
hers would 90 with her. At about o'clock
P NJ, the two. together with a Spanish wo-
man, arrived at smiths Garden where they
spent several hours. They drank, while
there, in company with one of the proprie-
tors, several glasses Of ale. At sundown the
| party started for the city, Mike being some
| what under the influence of liquor. They
stopped at the Tiyoh House for an hour or
| two. They then came to the city, and drove
| to a house at Ninth and Il streets at which