, 1861-04-13

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1Asr KtoK oF THE co,4dr.sDoHEas.
:. CHARLESTON nARBoR. .>*
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Description Of Sumter, mon1tz,e, and
~; ~; slas Secession Batssrtss,-- 49,
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:: We again ~ produces from ths NV York
Hsratd, description oftha military woorhs il
Chsrieston hssbcr, .comnasnictnx: with IN sc-
count Of - 4: r'7: - 49,; |,
~;..H'> 49, 1okT SUMTER. :
Fort Sumter IL modern tznneatsd pentseo.
nal Tort, built upon IN artificial island at the
month Of Charleaton harbor, three and threar
The Island has for It's base = sand and mud
pank With nupeT1Gucture, II We may 10
term Il, Of the refGse chips from several North
En- granite quaz1eA These rocks are firmly
embedded p the sand, aud upon them the
present fort1acation u reazed.= The ialand It.
:yea1s IN construction. The ,fe1tiacstion cost
another half 3 million dollars, and at The time
It's occupancy by Major Anderson,
Was mo nearly completed as to admit
the introduction Of It's armament. The
wallis are Of solid: brick and concrete
masonry, built 10 The edge Of the water, and
without beam. They are aixty feet high, and
from eight to twelve feet in thickness, and are
pierced Tor three tiers OF guns on the uor,h,
east, and west exterior sides, Its weakest
point is on the south side, Of which the ma-
sonry ts -not only weaker than that Of the
other sides, but It is not protected by any
h3nk fire, which would sweep the ,Yharf.
Oace landed, an entrance may,iat the present
state of the construction, be easily made; for
the blinds, Of the lower embrasures, though
SIX inches In thickness, may vet be eaaiiy
blown away, and even if this was Impossible.
sealing ladders caa reach those Of the second
tier, which are not protected In this manner,
fhe WORK 1sdeslgned for an armament of one
hundred aud forty pieces Of ordnanceof I'll cal
fbres. Two tiers of the guns are under bomb
proof casemates, and the3d OK upper tier open,
or, IN military par1a1ce, eli borbets; the lower
tier for forfy-two poander paixhAn guns: tie
second tier for eight and ten-inch coIumbtads,
for throwing solid or hollow shot, and the m
per titr Tor mortars md twenty four pound
guns The full armament Of the fort. how
ever, had not atrived there when Maior. An
derson took possession; but since its occu-
/ pancy By the present garrison, no efforts have
been spared to place the work in an Efficient
state Of defence, BY mounting all the available
guns and placing them in salient points. Az
before remarked, the full armament OF the f1rt
Is not In position, as only seyensy-hre of the
one hundred and forty guns required for it
are now mounted Eleven paixhau guns are
among that number, nine OF them commanding
Fort Moultrie, which is within easy range, ana
| the other two pointing towards Castle Pinknev.
witch is wei out Of range some Of the the 60. !.
| lumbiads, the most effective weapon for siege
or defensive operations. are not mounted,
| Four of the thfrty-tWo FOUNDER barbette guns
are on pivot carriages, which gives them the
entire range of the horizon, and others have q
horizontal sweep Of fire OF l8o degrees. Inad.
I tn Tx~0Srr
fence, the walls are pierced everywhere 70,
muskets, Of which there are endless numbers
ready and loaded. The maeazine contains
seven hundred barrels Of gunpowder and au
| ample supply Of shot, powder and shells fo1
one years iege, and large amount Of rniscel
1aneous artillery stores. The garrison is amplJ
supplied with water from artificial Wells
which are supplied By the frequent showers d
rain. In defensive OF strategica1 point b
view, Fort Sumter radiates its fire through ali
the channels from the sea approach to C6allee
toa, and has full sweep Of range in it's rea,
or city side. The fort Is sufficiently ont O
range from land artillery attack, so that al
source may be put at rest, unless BY guns Q
superior callbre. The maximum range Of tn,
guns from Samter is three miles; but for &C
curate firing sufficient to hull q vessel the dis
tauce would require to be reduced one-half o
that hgure. The war garrison of the fort i
SIX hundred men, but only seyenty-nine 0
that num6er M are within its walls, with the 10
| The embFasurt for musketEy on the side o
the work exposed to the Ere Of the bstterle
Of Cummings Point and Fort johnson bay
been fled with solid tagging, filed In viii
lead, aud are now bail and bomb proof, adlip,
ma1efiany TO the strength of the work. b
slae, me magazlne and hospital have betl
protected by stone traFsraes, and the psrad
cleared.
euMM1ses po1xr 7po, . .rnr,x
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n,jnns rast pa;es Io"o t1 70 FolL sumter Is Cum
aaiaSoot.s Gsi .;, ~ go1s polnt Is erected III
of q heavy trameyork Of ye1iow Nina o, Ino,
The roof is of the game material, over whicl
dovetalled bars Of railroad iron Of the r Dat
tern are laid from top to bottom-al1 Of Whic
is riFeted down In the most secure manner
On the front 1t presents an apgEe Of ahou
thirty degrees. There are three port hole:
which open and close with iron shutters {
| the heaviest description. When onen IN
mnzzles of the columbiads i'll no tie snac
completely. The recoi Of the gun enable
the shutters to be closed Instantly. +
is asserted, on high military authorit,
that this Inclined blanc vii efTsctnali ~ II
resist guna Of the heaviest caibre-frs1
because no shot can Strike 1t except at an OF
a1aH,a san,nd "ptha ha,af1 moe'u l.. eau Inc oau
snna ta s1,aaoian'+ es ~ [;sh tta power o. reslf
haau;ost shna,s ~" ae,a.ni, sle ~ ~ u
wh;ah +h;s .,a..a, - eelnuuptsu Gdhs VII
tha snnth r' 81 of sa..ey - e4uappsas pest
At M an%1e ~ ohtot tn;E tas a alls u Ire p91n
ia mr. - conrss s f,yorah o xse xe aeglSSs. ~
nw;n1 " ~ ~ e.. tbat ~ 1ol uf9aGHlng po
fnr ,3pspa,rv +ronoa,'t s 1te ~ "a - loop aole
1vhicn IF coy,ae <r,elo,.s - n. snso .ene 4
eff.ct ~ ebo4 nTo, T. nn,1s ~ u5ai, ~
At rhe d,atsnna pf tx nards e# .aina, sse
w;ti;r ns,.'ahiaa t yA1uT1 ~ eaees o:eac
charga n seyera1 cornpa,s;a Ane ne ~ MofA II
ern,E ~ tba Gonfad ,ate 1t"tae ~ t9o teS1a
to T..d,,cc ~ Fort anSotae ~ s3s1. - empaoye
ouita Formidable. ~'''' 0'''o'' "'4' pA''
FORT 1ouraor.
r+ .o,4 80 1.s..~ -
aand blt,sra .esn.aS ~. ~ - ~ eapJ 4ag
Jnhnsnn of Revo,"ti,-ar% ~ 40 n.Le ~ ~ u
and nna fonr,I, ,,;1a frn1a Fnst nsy' ~ % on
nreaens ia armed ftf, fonr H. baa14 anu
Pad v ~ carnnan;a "an aoll If nsasy guns, mal
Tie POSITION Of fhts old fart gich ~ ~ 4f
n1m6st ;mnortanna az w. at;,ea msn - " u
fha def.nca NJ the harhar bas haa- pp.iaa ppt1e
hv NE h;ghest ro;tery Ike vn ~ i
~ tha dafsnsio. 41artys ~ ~ - Jug ~
4ta a,tanG ~ to<aas h,s ta ~ ~ a@spot. 6alnt
~ 10 atooo r;x.- :. .,-..t w. ~ ooas a.1oI
esasnt;a1 afanent r. a.aerna 20 ~oAo'oS'eo
..-s-N
foRF AooIFR1H.
Fort Mou1tTie iB one Of the sentlnels tha
guard the principal entrance to Chafleeto
haroor. It Is opposite to and distant fro1
Fort Sumter about one and half miles,
! 10 mn