The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1861-12-05


among the insurgents, and they of doubtful where
sabouts and existence
| After a somewhat bloody struggle Of months
winter closes on the Union people of " estern Viz
ginie leaving them masters OF their own country.
An insurgent force of about 1000, tor mon hs dom
iinatng the narrow peninsular region constituting
the counties of Accomac and Northampton, and
known as the Eastern Shore Of lfginia, togeth-
er with some contiguous parts OF .lyiuEd, have
laid down their arms, and the people there 4vere-
newed their allegiance to and accepted tt protec-
ton Of the flag This leaves no armed tnSu rcction
north OF the Potomac east of The Chesa et.ke.
Also, we have obtained footing at eaca Of the
isolated points the Southern coast 81 + ttteras,
Port Royal, Tybee Island near oaVannhh,l and
Ship island, and we likewise have some general
| accounts of popular movements in behait of the
| Union in North Carolina and Tennessee These
things demonstrate that the cause OF the Union Is
| advancing steadily Southwark,
| Since your Last adjournment Lieut.. General
| Scott has retired from the head OF the army, Du-
ring his long life the nation has not been unmind
| tut of his merit bat on calling to mind Nv faithful
! ~, ably and brilliantly he has served roma time
! fan back in our history, when rev OF the wlving
| mad been born, and thGncetorward continually, L
cannot but think that are still his debtor. sub
nit therefore, for your consideration, what further
mark of recognition Is due 10 nm, ana ourselves
| as grateful people
| With the retirement of Gen. Scott came the ex.
ecutive duty Of appointing in his stead a General
i'll Chief of the army. 1t Is fortunate circumstance
hat neither in council country there so
/ far as know, any difference OF opinion to the
| proper person to be selected. The retiring chief
repeatedly expressed his judgment in favor of Gen.
Mcclellan for the position, and in this the nation
seemed to give unanimous concurrence The
designation of Gen. Mcclellan is, Therefore, in
considerable degree the selection of the country
as well of the Executive and hence there is
to hope there will be given hun the confidence
AID CORDIAL support thus by fair implication prom
isld and without which he cannot with SO full eff
| Ell, nurfr hot
one bad General is better than two good Ones and
the saying is true if taken to mean no more than
that army is better directed by single mind,
| though inferior, than by two superior ones at va
rianee and cross purposes and the same ls true in
all joint operations wherein those engaged can have
none but a common end III view, and can differ
only as to the choice of means. In storm at sea
no one on board can wish the ship to sink, and yet
not unfrequently all go down together because too
many will direct, and no single mind can be allow
| ed to control ..
| 1t continues to develop that the nsurection is
| largely, if not exclusively, upon the first
principle OF popula government-the right of the
people. Conclusive evidence OF TINS is found In
| the most grave and maturely considered public
documents as well in the general tone of the
| insurgents In these documents we find the abridg
ment of the existing right of suffrage and the deni
al to the people of all right to participate in the
lection of public officers except the legislative
| body. advocated with labored arguments TO prove
that large control of the Government i'll the people
is the of all political evil. Monarchy ITSELF
| is sometimes limited at possible refuge from
| the power Of the people. In my present POSITION,
[ could scarcely be juctifed were to omit raising
a warning voice against this approach OF returning
| despoLlsm 1t Is not needed nor fitting here that
| q general argument should be made in favor of
popular inststutous, but there is point, with
its connections. not so hackneyed as most others,
to which | ask brief attention. 1t is the effort to
place capital on equal footing with if not above
| labor in the structure of Government 1T is as
| SuOoad at labnr is nVaila HE onlv
with capital; that nobody labore unless somebody
else, owning capital, somehow by the use of it in
duces him TO labor. his assumed, it is next con-
4 sdered whether it is best that capital shall hire
laborers and thus induce them to work by their
own consent, or buy them ana drive them to it
without their consent Having proceeded so far,
it is naturally concluded that all labOrers are either
hired lahorers or what we call slaves. And furth-
er it is assumed, that whoever is once hired Ia
borer is fixed in that condition for life. Now there
is nc such relation between capital and labor as
assumed nor is there any such thing as freeman
being fixed for life i'll the condition OF hired la.
borer. Both of these assumptions are false, and
all interences from them are groundless. Labor
s prior to and Independent Of capital Capital is
only the fruit OF labor, and never could have ex-
listed If labor had not first existed. Labor is the
superior OF capital, and deserves much the higher
consideration. Capital has Its rights, which
as worthy of protection as any other rights. Nor
is it denied that there is and probably always will
be, relation between labor and capital produc-
th4 whole labor of a community exists within that
| relation. A few men have capital, and that few
avoid labor, and with their capital hire or buy
few to labor t0r them. A large majority belong
to neither class-nelther work Tor others nor have
others working for them, In most ofthe Southern
| Sra es, majority of the people of all colors
lneither slaves masters while in the Northern
a large majority neither hirers nor hired. Men
with their families, wives, sons and daughters,
work for themselves ON Their FARMS in their hous,
es and in their shops, taking the whole product to
themselves and asking no fivors of capital on the
one hand nor OF hired labOreIs slaves the 9th
er. 1t is not forgotten that a considerable num-
Der OF PEI sons minge their own labor with capital;
that is they labor with their own hands, and also
buy or hire others to labor for them but this is
only mixed and not distinct class, No princi-
pie stated is disturbed by the existence of this
mixed class Again, rs has already been said,
there is not OF necessity any such thing the free
hired labor being fixed for that condition for life.
Many independent men everywhere In these states,
Il few years back in their lives, were hired labor
ers. h, most prudent, penness beggar in the
world labors for wages awhile, and saves sur
1 plus with which to buy tools or land for himself
lie then labors on his own account, and at length
hires another beginner to help INN. This Is
the lust and generous and prosperous system which
opens the way to all, and the consequent energy,
progress and Improvement of the condition of all
No men living are more worthy to be trusted than
! those who toll up on from poverty. None less
inclined to take touch aught which they have
not earned. Let them beware of surrendering
political power which they already possess, and
which, if surrendered, will surely be used close
the door of advancement against such as they, and
to fix new disabilities and burdens upon them till
all OF liberty shall be lost.
From the first taking of our national census to
the last are 70 years, and we find population
at the end of the period eight times great as it
Yves at the beginning. The increase of those 9th
er things which men deem desirable has even been
greater We thus have at one view what the pop
ular principle applied to Government, through the
machinery Of the States and the Union, has produ-
ced in given time, and also what, if firmly main
tanned, it promises for the future. There are al
ready among those who, ii the Union be pre-
served will live to see it contain $50 900 900. The
struggle of to day is not altogether for to-day. 1t
is for a vast future also. .a.
With firm reliance on Providence, all the more
firm and earnest, let us proceed in the great task
which events have devolved upon us
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
II o