New Oregon plaindealer. (New Oregon, Iowa) 1859-1866, 1861-08-30

taxation j, for the most part connected.
The powers reserved to the States, ex-
tend to all objects which concern the
lives, liberties and properties of the
people. and the internal order, i'm
provemcnt and prosperity Of the State.
james Madison. -
3, The States being the parties to
the constitutional compact, and in their
sovereign capacity, it follows Of neces.
sisy, that there Can be no tribunal
above their authority to decide, in the
last resort, such questions as may be Of
sufficient magnitude to require their
interposition. This Government. Gre
ated BY this compact, was not made
the exclusive or final Judge Of the ex-
tent Of the powers delegated to itself,
since that would have made its discre-
tion, and not the Constitution, the
measure Of its powers; but that, as in
all ether cases ofcompact among parties
having no common Judge, each party
has an equal right to judge for itself, as
we'll Of infractions as Of the mode and
manner of redress.-Thomss Jeffer-
son.
8. It is the right of the several
States, as the parties to the compact,
Of arresting, within their respective
limits, acts Of the Federal Government
in violation of the Constitution, and
thereby preventing the delegated from
encroaching on the reserved powers. -
John G. Calhoun.
The several States which formed the
Constitution, being sovereign and in
dependent, have the uuquestionsble
right to judge Of its infractions; and
that notification Of those sovsreignties,
Of all unconstitutional acts done under
color Of that instrument, is the right
full remedy Unanimously by Kea-
tucky House of Representatives.
10. Where a State, acting in her
sovereign capacity as a party to the
constitutional compact, has interposed
and declared an act of the Federal
Government to be unauthorized by the
Constitution, and if it transcends the
limits O; the amending power-be in
consistent with the character of the
Constitution and the ends for which it
was established, or with the nature of
the system, the State in such cases is
not bound to acquiesce. It may choose
whether it will, or whether it will not
secede from the Union. That State,
as a party to the Constitutional COM
pact. has the right to secede-acting in
the same capacity In which it ratified
the Constitution, cannot, with any
show of reason, be denied by any one
who regards the Constitution as COM
pact. This results necessarily from
the nature Of a compact, where the par
ties to it are sovereign, and of course,
have no higher authority to which to
appeal.---Jehn G. Calhoun.
II. Each State retains the right Of
making or altering it's Constitution, the
power of enacting and executing its own
laws Of selfgovernment over the terri
tory and people thereof, the inherent
right to the primordial allegiance ofits
citizens to their natural duty and fealty
to their families, their homes and coun-
try--their allegiance to the Uneted
States being comparatively secondary
and conventional. In virtue of ita SOW
ereignty, no State can be such in the
courts of the United States. Each
State can levy taxes-can keep ar
mics and navies in time of war or to re-
sist invasion from the United States
Government or any State; and no pow
er being delegated to the Federal Gov
ernment over freedom of speech, free
dom of the press, freedom Of religion,
the right ofpetition or the right to keep
and bear arms; nor prohibited to the
States, all legislative power respecting
the same, do Of right remain and are
reserved to the States. In short, State
rigihs are the rights of the people Of
each State, the right of secession in
cluded.-Powers reserved and not dele.