, 1861-02-02

cane for tho most part having attnined thor
/ ough maturity. The yield was about ono hn1-
dred md eighty gallons to The acre, Which hr..
IL deems falr crop-the range Of u fair crop
he regards as from $50 to $50 gallons to the
acre This syrup he thinks will yield close on
to 50 per cent. Of sugar. In addition to his
own crop, he ha. manufactured: for his neigh
bors enough to make IN aggregate Of nearly
eleven hundred gallons. AL that be has made
has been Of an excellent quality. We append
some Of his experiments rs related by himself:
The cane-Aaying for the most part attained
thorough maturfy, I commenced my opera
tions with d view Of asceraintng tile per cent.
ofsugar contained in It's Juices, this being the
desideratum, sought by those engaged in its
culture; and for this purpose made nlcmor-
andum Of Q few experiments performed under
different circumst tances, resulting as indicated
BY the following table: : +,
ta.s :. Density Of No. Of Density
Time Of St 5iss y sa Ct 3a sysp
expert ie.l's ther- racchas- oneof sacchar-
mente. u.ometer. ometer. syruP. omcte5:
e; e. + 6: g. tseo *: &: &: e. 4: Z:
The first experiment Of which took note
WIS made on the 9Th Of October, temperature,
&C., as indicated above. The cane was appar-
emily well ripened, and the syrup presented
| light coler and possessed pleasant flavor;
drew OF into coolers and set nsay to grain !;
crystalized in 4B hours; used lime water to
ncutralize the free acid in the juice.
Oct. 13-E1prcssed and boiled down IS gal
Ions as nboye; placed In room With tempo
raturc varying iron rs to 80 deg; grained in
20 hours; ncutra1ized the acid as before,
Nov. l-Expressed from the four lower
If {hao rf} ho f,tfo frt,
ing 101@ Baumc, and boiled down to a8 deg B;
turned of the fire and passed through four
feet of animal charcoal; and then rcboiied to
IS deg. B; drew out q set away in warm
room, as in the second experiment, to grain.
This crystalized Us soon s-co1d. allowed 1t
to remain in the same vessel Fix day1; then
put it up in a dIaincr With perforated bottom,
to dInlp, where 1t drained out aud became dry
in four wecks' time, yielding full so per cent
ofgood dry sugar, equal in every respect to
the best brown sugars Of commerce
The two proceeding experiments, in which I
nscd the entire stalk, yielded little less than
10 per cent of sugar, equal in color and eize
Of crystal to the latter, but not in flavor. The
animal charcoal, or bonc-b1ack, not only Causes
it to drain out more READILY, but seems most
edectua1ly to remove the sorghum tasicand 10
impart to it o favor not altogether unlike TINT
Of honey.
My whole operations during the entire sen
son, In which made over one thousand cal
Ions Of syrup, were conducted upon the Same
principle as were the first two experiments
just given, with similar resu1ts-the syrup
made from different lots Of cane yielding, when
placed in the proper temperature to grain;
from 80 to so per cent of sugar; and the syrup
drained thcrefrom Was equal if not superior to
that In It's original uncrysta1ized state. And
here feel warranted in saying that no moro
difficulty attends the manufacture Of sugar
from well matured canc-excepting the time
WV c+u1iu II
drainingg-than SYRUP when the proper ap-
plianccs be employed for its manufacture.
used horizontal thrceroller horse power
press for expressing the juice, manufactured
by E. Briggs Of South Bend, capable Of press
Ing out sixty gallons per hour; and the Patcut
orating the same, to which Is attached STIR
ring apparatus, enabling the operator thereby
to reduce the syrup to any required degree Of
density, tcikaouf tie least ddn1sr of scorching,
and By The rotary principle to remove, by Sim
ply turning the Evaporator hall way round or
tirely away from the fire, whero it can De drawn
OF at leisure while tie juice In the opposite
side Is being boiled down. Where there is any
considerable quantity os syrup, from which
sugar is desired to be made, would offer it
simply as my opinion that tho most efEcctual
way, and that attended with the least trouble,
would be to set 1t aTny In barrels until warm
weather, when 1t will, without any artificial
heat, perfect crystalization and separate itself,
the sugar settling to the bottom and the syrup
rising TO the top of the barrel, where it eau be
drawn off; after which the lower end of the
barrel can be perforated eullicientlyto allow
the molMscs retained in, the sugar to drain out,
leaving the sugar in short time dry and TT
| for use.
From these experiments, and from his e1-
perience for the last three years, Mr.. Miller de-
riyes the highest satisfaction now and great
| hopes for the future. He thinks the day is not
| far distant when sugar will rank among the
staple productions Of the Middle and most Of
| the Northwestern States. lie secs no reason
| why sugar cannot be made here in quantities
sufficient ut least to supply the home demand,
and thus by enlightened, energetic free labor,
expended upon free soil, add another valuable
agricultural production to the list of staple ar-
ticlcs by which Is being established the indc-
peudeuce from slaye rule Of the great nnd
growing Northwest
CAN SORGHUM BE CHr5TAL1zEp.
Upon this issue we take the following from
a1etter by N. Louis Velmorin, Of Paris, who
may beregarded rs excellent authority.
".The capitalization Of the sugar Of the sos-
ghum, 1t Seems, should be easily obtained in all
! cases where the cAne can be sufficiently ripeu-
cd and, ns the proportion Of tho sugar Ia m
un!atling index Of ripeness, It follows that we
could always be sure Of obtaining 4 good
| crystallzatiou of juices the density of which
exceeds LOG, whilst weaker ones could not
| yield satisfactory results otter concentration.
II attribute this peculiarly to the fact that
the sugar is preceded in the Juice by q gummy
| principle, which s5ms to be Transformed, at a
later date, for it's proportion diminishes In OK
| raf1 11f<t, I'm trn ~ H.,
saccharine matter. a..
"The uncrJstallZable sugar, or glucose, I'M
dcrgoes the eame change; that is to say, It is
more abundant before than after the complete
maturity; but its action seems less unlavora~
bic to. tho progress Of erystalization. The
1or- besides being & serious obstacle to the
commencement Of crystaliza.fou, 1t after.
wards renders it almost matter Of tmpossI-
bility to purge the crystals, II obtained,
"Howeyer, rs observed, this difficulty only
presents Itself in the employment Of uuripe
density or l0S0 and more, they contain but
little else than cr3stallzablc sugar, and thtir
treatment presents no difficulty"
This opinion OF II. Velmorin confirms the
opinion Of Mr.. Miller, that the ripe cane, ,espee.
tally for sugar, is preferable, in fact essential
| WHAT TIE REF1SEns THINE.
| 1Ht 1SHutIs, WE 1AutIELanu, Akt t0E syrup,
and would be glad to refine and crystalixe it,
But the cllief difficulty is In the amount now
raised. For instance our Chicago Refinery
would require about Is 600 pounds Of sugar
or 40 to so br!s Of syrup, FOR the purposes ofan
experiment that would really determine the
character Of the article. These are much
larger amounts than have been produced BY
any one man or perhaps in my town, and
hence the difficulty Of gathering that amount
in one lot Lc. Us hope that an experimcn,
commensurate to tho importance Of the sub
jcct may soon be made.
Navigation Of tho mlkaisslppi.
In the Louisiana Legislature, On the a8th
immediately after the passage Of the ordin
ance Of secession, the following resolution
accompanying the ordinance, passed unani
mously:
Reao.scd That we, the people Of the STATE
! Of Louisfsiann, recognize tho right Of the frct
navigation Of the Mississippi river and it,
tributaries by an friendly States bordering
thereon, aud We also recognize the right O.
egress and ingrcss OF the mouths OF the His
sisslppi by oil friendly States and powers, nnt
we do hereby declare our Willingness to entel
into any stipulations to guarantee the cxersis,
Of those rights.
The Jackson {3tiss.) correspondent Of tn
Vickkburgh Sun, in his letter Of Jan. es, no