Daily national Democrat., 1861-04-10

IRGrGArroN.-The art of producing large
crops by means Of artificial supplies Of water,
says Thomas c. Clemson, L. j. d., has been
rrae;isci from remote ages in the warm
countries Of the world. 1t was u4cd by the
aborigincs Of America, ly the Incas, The in
habitants Of Mexico, extensively practised by
the Egyptians, the Romans, and at the pres
ent day in France and Germany. The liin-
docs make no attempt at cultivation without
artificial irrigation. The rivers of Italy are
made subscr,ient to agricultural wants
wherever it is practicable. Arthur Young
! gives an account Of an hours run of water
through gutter, near Turn, which produc-
cd, in l77S, 800 livrcs. The rent Of irriga-
ted lands in Italy is much larger than upon
land not watercd. Moses, in speaking to the
lsracIites in the wilderness, said: "The land
whittier thou goest in TO possess it, is not is
the land Of Egypt, whence ye came out,
where thou sowcdst thy seed, and watercdst
/ with thy foot, as a garden Of herbs" Here
the law wgver aludes to the machines that
were used in Egypt, which they worked with
their feet, for raising water. Virgil tells how
TO bring down The waters Of a riyulct upon
the sown corn, and when suffering from beat,
to convey the yiyifyins liquid from the crown
of the dcciyitY, in channels, to the roots Of
the plants Coiumella, Pliny, Cato, Narro,
&c, all dwell upon the Importance of iiriso-
ton. 1t Is found profitable in England to
migatc plantations Of willows and other
semi-oqnatic trees upon dry soils, The eff
cheney of irrigation is dependent upon many
considerations; one Of theprincipal is the ma
ture of the subsoil When it is tenacious
clay, the preparation consists in suitable
understanding that would be useless where
the suIsoiI is sand or open gravel.
Some waters are injurious. Certain salts Of
iron are known to be unfavorablc TO vcgcta-
ton. Waters issuing from factories inprcg-
mated with animal and vegetable substances,
such as the waters of distillcrics, brcwercs,
slaughter-houses, DC, are highly fertilizing;
others issuing from chemical establishments,
calico printing factories, are injurious Salt
water in small quantities may be found useful
upon certain plants, such as the grasses, as
paragus, DC, while they are positively njur-
Gus to such plants as rice. The salt marshes
of France are known to produce superior
quality Of mutton, which commands high
price, and is known in the French market
under the name of "pre5 sale
Waters impregnated with carbonate and
sulphate Of lime are very lcrtiiiziug. In Ger
tain parts Of Germany, weak solution of
sulphuric acid has been employed for rriga-
ting grass lands with great advantage. Those
which hold in suspension mud and other deui-
tus, are highly useful, particularly oil sandy
soils the fine mud settles in the pores. and
gives consistency but any soil would be bene.
fitted 10y water holding mud in suspension,
and that, OF course in proportion TO the
amount OF organic and saline matter III the
mud"
THE ACID SINNER SEEKS CoNsoLAroX-IlE
WILL CONTINUE To PEAY-A Washington cor
respondent, after approving of Mr.. Buchan-
ans late course, and commenting his paJii-
otism, says
in the midst of the great excitement and
threatened danger here, lie has said: al will
ride beside MIR. Lincoln from the White
House to the Capitol, even if it rains bullets
| shall then 60 to Lancaster, pass my days
in retirement, and seek to find consolation
and religion in the church, Bitter sorrow
has taught me that happinos can be found
nowhere else Mr. Buchanan, therefore,
| purposes at once, on his return to his old
/ homestead to become "A member of the Pres
| byterian Church, in which he has usually
worshipped.
,.rsr-,.,,s .-4.y.-