The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-07-31

In my last letter gave account Of what saw my
way 90 the city Of Memphis ana OF my visit TO the seees
s0nSts camp, and brought up the narrative of the jour
ney my arrival at this place which is the headquarters
OF the brigade of Illinois, troops employed in behalf OF the
Union 10 keep watch and ward tue important point
which commands the junction Of the Mississippi and Ohio
r,N ers Major General Pillow Of Tennessee blockadcs
the current OF the united rivers AT Memphis;
Brgadier General prcnss bockadcs both streams
before they join at Cairo, higher up The former is in
the pidst OF friends the latter is surrounded by enemies
afoss the rivers, IN his rcar below, behind and above
himn his very camp there ecccssonis feelings sen
tnents and wishes. fomencs represented by actual
force. There are ia the larger States about this
region conditions of opinion the subject of Union or
secession which like the electrical phenomena Of
conductor charged by induction States approach
rccedc from the great slave agrcuiurists they become
Eccossi0nisi, divided, and finally tni0nst. Western
Virginia is rather cderas Than Otherwise; southern MI
nois several counties all but secessionisi Enst and
West Tennessee differ ia sentiment on the great question
Nissour also distracted by icderalst and disunonst
II ma, he that this Schsn will not only break the
Union but split up the States for the sovereignty Of
which one part OF The republic Is arrayed iii arms against
the other The secessionisis however stop short with
their universal remedy at the borders Of each State and
do not admit the right Of separation 10 any portion of
State unless il be in their own favor. Union man is
very giad to obseVe discussion m STATE when " rs
brought about by the friends Of the government at Wash
ingtQu. A Northern man viii endure anything but the
idea OF the Union being broken up he becomes intempe
rate and angry if be limited at But, in whatever way
the ond be worked out 1t clear the used in
doing the old fashioned machines i'll vogue in the
Ola World IN the hands of dcspots, kings and rulers;
mud that the majority in States which formerly the
ruling power must be destroyed by Tie process The urgu
mentsof self governing people for The whole Of the United
States is now convenient enough; but heard very DIFF
fcrent language when England demanded redress for the
Imprisonment Of her subjects at Charleston and when
British subject was seized IN New York because he had
destroyed = vessel in the ser vice of the enemy In fact
the whole Of the philosophical distractions which the
founders Of the republic based their constitution have
given way before the pressure of events and every step
that taken by the federal government yindicatou Of
it's rights prcrogaves Is embarrassed by difficulties
which ia the end must be cat by thdSword The author
ties scarcely deal with rebel pryatcer;
the OF the schooner taken by The United States
brig Perry in all nagrant piracy. wth proofs abundant
Of her guilt, there court to condemn her unless
be specially devised inasnuCh She ought hy law be
condemned in the United States Court, in the harbor OF
Charleston South Carolina where the United States pro
cesses a hs maent are not OF mach effect II is obv
that such emergency the present cannot DC
by any constitutional devices Republics IA crisis have
always had recourse to dctutors. If word spitters
trne mongcrs end dodgng politicians, a, the Forthcoming
Congress of Washington, acnr, TO control the acton OF
tho Executive BY constitutional devices motions
solutions they win do more harm to the cause OF the
Union than all the militia captains OF The encnys host.
SECESSION SENTIMENTS AMONGST rsloN MES.
few hours took me out OF the southern camps TO the
feicraS position but secession sentiments travelled
board the steamer. An English steward who left lis
country long ago that he forgets al the feelings of his
countrymon, expressed his opinion that the South would
hold its own on the slavery basis ana protested astosh-
ment at The notion that slavery IN Itself good
thirs, which he found prevalent in Great Britain The
passengers were rather .ccessoni than unonis anu
must say from what have there far lcnien
and orbearaaG sh0wny the United states authorities
g. the rebels iban The latter exhibit towards those who
described down South a. ''abotionisi" On landing
thc levcc of Cairo the went where they bscd
travelled with nc in the train going north on business
Isuspcci tam Merit guam M-ctie--was let so his way
by General Pfcntss after brief detention Regarded
from the river Cairo consists Of bank mud running
out in the junction Of the Mississippi and Ohio in The shape
of horizontal - The tops OF certain unmpressive wood
en- stores appear above the bank and one tau hotel rises
aloft the sharp end, before which the United States
flag floats with al its ir yfour stars At the angie there
carhwork, which is complete, bat which will soon
b. finished, IN very good order II is redau rather
feche, following the line OF the banks with good pro
fife and commando regular ditch Scarp and counter
scarp and it owes It's excellence probably TO the skill of
Colonel Wagner, Hungarian artillery officer, who s in
charge Of IT, The hotter was CROW ed with men in uni
form, ana It suggested by The landlord that bed
was large enough for two stout eencncnmy friend and
ny sef--the Thermometer being 100 degrees in
tho shade; but there was difference of opinion
that point and finally we We're quartered in
with fine view into The back yard The delta il
strongly occupied by Illinois volunteer forces, with
two field batteries and several guns of DO. lon on the
opposite shore of the Mississippi at place called Birds
foin in the state OF Missouri is detached post with
fed inrenchments held by regiment composed Of Ger
mans, Poles and Iangarahs, Under Colonel Schuttner
about 900 strong and several pieces Of light artillery
Posts also established higher up the banks OF each
hut OF The bank of the OHIO opposite 10 Cairo the
sol IS taboced There is the sacred so of Kentucky,
aud Berah Nagoin has warned the United States and
Confederate States of his premises Il is my belief how
eyer, tba Columbus viii not be long unoccupied. The
Kentucksp opposite Cairo very strong secessonss
CAMP DEFIANCE AND GENERAL
IN the of the hotel in the hollow between the
fevccs Of the rivers, Is scamp Defiance, which be
thc base OF operations OF any force proceeding the
M'7siseiP ON the morning after my arrival (lunc 20)
was Introduced to General Prentss. whom found in
large room On the ground floor Of the hotel which is the
headquarters Of the brigade. He is in the prime
oi life abc, forty years OF age with clear liquid blue
eye, and very agreeable manner smoothaced except
yi2@e OF COATES much affected in America;
over the nddle height, slight and active figure and
Although he | had lust come from Mem
phis the General had the good ask any oaes.
tons respecting position, which is more than can
say Of al met either side. BY his elbow his act
ing aid de camp and military secretary, Englshman
named Binmorc who was formerly engaged as govern.
tutn r,hsrn Mn bpcn g,arao
cd his pencil into sword number of officers
the room, one of whom was Hungarian Mlotsky an
other German, a third Scochman, fourth an Eng.
Ishman In conversng various matters General Prem
iiss showed me with smile the copy of newspaper,
Published in Kentucky which contained 'artcIe'
hmseh that cannot READILY meet with parallel even in
The journalism of this part Of the world For benefit
of your readers send IT, ba, they Judge what Of
people must I've which tolerates the use Of such Ian
gtts@:-
Their man now yegetasag at Cairo by name Prem.
qualifications for the command Of such squad villains and
s. SS fs ire rs msG y.r hound dirty hog
lying beckguod has served his regular five years in the
Whisky e the y save iS % nj S'ae IN
diving the gallows has been cheated q It's owns
% Ta b Snr scalp We have no objection %
by which he may become ed Of that valuable article
OF the lager beer Du,chmcn and viii select no; then lei
teupon G he scapng business and them the ionSes pole
viii knock the pelsnmon Il he does not accept This pro
and equal. '-'"N 'A' "0''' p''f'''''0H ''''
These gems are from paper called the Crescent printed
al Columbus Kentucky, and edited BY Colonel L. g.
Faxon OF the Tennessee Tigers worthy and accom-
plshed officer and gentleman no doubt
DRIVE WITH GENERA.
Ia the afternoon General Prentss good enough to
drive the round the camp in company with Mr.. Wash.
bnine, member Of Congress from Illinois and several
officers and gentlemen Among them was sfr Ogcsbv
Colonel OF regiment OF Illinois volunteers, and as II
shows Of what material the commanding officers these
regiments, on whose individual action so much depends
made may be pardoned for stating that this excel
lent kindly and shrewd old man, who responsible
for :he position and efficiency Of thousand men.
who raised himself from obscufity TO a
competence by the drudgery Of a lawyers oace
in spite of defective education, and that he never
handled company in the field in his lite. Apparently he
Is selected to be q Colonel because he make good
honay telling speeches 10 his men, and he may think lie
VIII DC good officer just rs he may imagine he is ex-
ccleni arlcrymaH because the first time he laid
and fired gun the other day The bail hit the which
~ was aimed The buik Of the troops encanped in
wooden SHEDS, provided with berths like those in ship,
winch are disposed ougtudinully 10 afford the
mum OF Sleeping room These sheds continuously
along The inward side Of the ievtcs the tops Of which
broad enough 10 serve carriage roads They answer
well enough for Temporary purposes but would not do for
rps dat