Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1861-12-11

square. The plank ought to be closely
jointed, and either painted or covered WITH
tar or melted pitch 30 make all the joints
waecr-,ight. Ofcourse the mailing should
be close and perfect. \ box OF hali-ineh
plank comes up two inches inside from
the bottom Of the pump for the lower
leather valve to rest on. One side of the
valve is nailed to one side Of the box, and
piece of wood covers the leather to
stren,hcn the valve. The upper valve is
very simple, but not easy to describe
Imagine funnel made of thin, ilanky
sol. leather, four inches III uliamctcr across
the top and 80 many deep down to the
neck and that its centre is nailed or tied
fast to a rod that is to serve as piston
in the pump. The weight Of water or
other liquid to be raised i'll pumping, can
set this pIiablc leather cup to adapt itself
| to the precise shape OF the aperture i'll
the pump; and to prevent this cup or
funuel falling back in lifting ooze or wa.
ter, three narrow strips Of f,leather scwed
to the top of tho funnel on three sides
| tone on each, are Eailcd with small nails
70 the piston.rod above, say six inches
from the funnel. y small but strong
wooden pin passes through the upper end
of the rod, which, held i'll the hand ena-
bles one to lift easily all the liquid in the
pump. The discharge from the pump is
made in the usual way, foot or more
below the top of it Any one who can
use plane can make pump Of this kind
take ooze from tho bottom of one vat, tub
g.. hogshead filled with either bark or
leather, and put it expedisionsly into
another, where ali stand on - level, or
nearly so. A tnin case keeps the tan bark
or leather from filling the little space re-
quired by the pump which is pnt into the
vat or hogsheaI and taken out as often as
needed.
Any blacksmith can make the beaming
knives used hy tanners, but not those
used by curriers' lit finishing leather. The
former are curved, and olten have small
teeth to ;csr up the tough membrane un-
der the skin.
All tan-bark should he kept clean and
dry; for dirt aud earth blacEer leather.
Careless persons often get clay or mud
into tan-rats, than which nothing is more
injurious. Few arts demand equal neat
ness in their operatives. With the most
improved apparatus and good bark the
IaIour of tanning is small. An expert
will work one hundred grown hides into
the bark or oozc in Il month, for which
we generally paid twenty dollars: and
the labour Of tanning Two hundred sides
Was about the same, after they came to
the bark. If q farmer caE get his hides
tanned aud curricd for half of the leather
they will make. it is probably better than
to attempt to tam them himself Let him
improve his pastures by cutivating the
best grasses, and raise more fat cattle tol
horaa consumption, and thas have three
!. or four hides for thu tanner where he has
one now. This will call iirst-class tame
ries into existence, that will give q poand
Of good sole leather fnr pnu;ld Of dry
hide, or nearly that. Every farmer ought
to save all the tan-bark he cau; for W,
speak adyisedly when we say that tho
Confederate States arc even HOW short O
oak bark il they are TO manufacture ii
the leather which they consume in sad
Dies brides, harness, saddle bags, bngs,I
and carriage trimmings, caps, hat-liings
book bindings, shoes ard boots. 1t ha:
been the misfortune of the Cotton State:
to underratc all other industries but thai
of producing their great staple. Hence
the scarcity Of good mechanics ard srti
sans. Hence We make 70 effort to diver
sify our agriculture. and thereby meet
many public wants while resting our land
from the scourgc of eternal plowing
That system of husbandry which accumu
lass the elements of crops and fertility
in every acre cultivated, is still a myth
10 most planters Southern nationality
will expose and happily correct many er.
rUrs. We shall learn to make as much
! cotton and corn on two acres as we now
do on six, and at the same time wc shall
produce ten-fold more Of the nccessaries
and comforts of civilized life. Our lc.
pendcnce on foreign industry and skill for
so much of what we consume encourages
the world to believe that our subiugation
is ssonly question of time. Since me
chancal trades are necessary to our inde.
pendeuce and happiness, We should ell
courage our own to become scientific me.
chanics, as well rs farmers. lawyers,
doctors, priests and soldiers.
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Finding out the Truth.