The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-02-02
state of anarchy and confuion as was never
witnessed in the New World.

The Policy OF Louis Napoleon, ana IN.
Political Barometsr In Rsrope.
By the latest news from Europ we learn
that the French corps of occupation In Syria
win be increased by portion of tn troops
returning from China. In defiance { the
efforts of Great Britain, it is, therefore, hghly
probable that the French forces win remain
until after March--the stipulated time for thir
withdrawal. There Ia something significant b
the circumstance of Russia through the ofacial
Gazette, approving not only the augmentation
Of the French military strength there, but the
continued occupation Of the country, in order.
as it is stated, to prevent the adoption Of fresh
measures We know that Louis Napoleon de-
sires an alliance with Russia and an entente
with that empire as regards the question
d Orient, and it is quite within the bounds of
probability that he may find the Gear willing
sharer in his views. They are both anxiously
watching the "sick man" in the hope of ad-
ninistering to the effects after his dissolution
and that cannot be far off.
The persistence of the Emperor in retaining
the hold he has acquired in Syria has already
aroused the ire of the British Journalists, and a
crusade has accordingly commenced against
him. There is every probability of the ques-
ton becoming serious subject of discord be-
tween the governments of France and Eng
land; and the circumstance of the latter pur-
suing course Numerically opposite to that
OF the other in Italian affairs will tend very
much TO increase the i'll feeling; so that, despite
| all that Louis Napoleon has done to secure the
friendship Of Great Britain and the benefits OF
treaties OF commerce and increased facilities
Of intercourse which have resulted to her from
his liberal policy, the two nations may yet be
arrayed against each other in open hostility.
We speak of this only as possible contngen-
cy. 1t may be that Louis Napoleon would look
| well before he undertook leap in
that direction. The attempt would be
almost too hazardous for the prize. The
ostensible object of the French expedition
was accomplished by the punishment of the
Druses and the fright of the Turks; and this
done, its permanent occupation of Syria would
only be source Of weakness sustained at
ruinous expense Why, then, cannot Napoleon
Ill. content himself with having established
precedent for interference in Turkish affairs.
and having fattered French vanity by dis
play of power? The probable result of much
delay in the withdrawal would be demand on
the Porte for remuneration, as France is not
likely to continue large outlay without
prospect of some return; and this demand would
likely be quickly followed by a seizure Of the
local revenues. A more permanent arrange
ment might be found in a transfer Of the rights
Of the French capitalists who have made ad-
vances on Turkish sources of income, direct
result of which would be that French collec-
tors of customs would be established at Smyrna
and Beyrout. 1t would not be difficult after
this for France to assume the entire sovereignty
of Syria, while Russia, profting by the exam
pie, would be working out similar scheme in
European Turkey.
With respect to the italian policy of Napo-
leon, we learn by the Bohemian that a semi
official article was expected, declaring that
should Piedmont make war on Austria she
must expect no aid from France. This only
sustains us in our knowledge that the Emperor
is opposed to the unifcation of Itcly, because
he rightly fears the monarchy would be too
powerful to suit the interests and ambition of
France. lie wishes TO preserve the balance of
power, of which the great Powers are so tena-
cious. II would be contrary to the idee Napo-
lienne for Victor Emanuel to realize what he
has pledged himself to. Napoleon would pro-
pose that be should be King only of Piedmont.
Lombardy, Venetia, Parma and Modena, and
retire from Naples in order to make way for
the restoration of Francis III. and the Grand
Duke oil Tuscany, while the Pope, holding the
patrimony Of St. Peter, should govern the L..
cations, the Marches and Umbria by Grand
Vicar.
But it will be more than Louis Napoleon is
capable of to control the aspirations of enlight-
ened Italians working together in the cause Of
their common liberty. There "a more enthusiasm
about them than even the French. They are
capable of fighting with more prolonged and
self-sustained ardor; and although Venetia
may not be rescued from the tyrant grasp Of
Austria as soon as the psrtisans of Garibaldi
were disposed to announce, the new Italian
monarchy will remain and flourish. The
Italians are full of genius-the great cultiva-
tors Of the arts, science and literature. They
are capable Of achieving great things in the
future, as they have already done in the past.
when they were the glory Of ancient history.
The First Napoleon was by parentage an Ital-
ian, and he only became French by the revolu-
ton; so that it was by an Italian genius that
France rose TO her present pitch of power.
The greatest safeguard Of Austria lies in tho
Italian policy of the French Emperor; and II is
therefore probable that there will be no attack
upon the Ouadrilateral in the ensuing sprin0
But the financial affairs of Austria are in such
a desperate condition that the empire threatens
its own destruction without the aid OF foreign
enemy.
THE PRESIDENT ELECT AND THE ALDERMEN
In anticipation Of Mr.. Lncoln's. coming inau-