The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1861-11-08


The destination Of tho great Naval Expodi-
tion, although while we arc writing we havo
not heard of its landing, il announced to bc,
just what we assumed several days since, Port
Royal Entrance. In our issue of tho 9th in
slant, We gave q map Of Savannah and its vi
entity including Port Royal entrance, and
map Of section of the coast showing the rcla-
tive positions OF Charleston and Savannah to
that port. This point has undoubtedly been
selected with reference first to its ample and
convenient lhrhor, anl secondly to tn iact that
from 1t our forces may easily he marched TO tho
attack, on the landward side, of either of those
two important rebel citics-Charlcston being
about thirty-iivc miles northward, and Savan-
nah about iorty-lyc miles southwarl. Refer
ring our readers to tho maps and explanations
already published, We give them this morning
u map Of Charleston aud Its vicinity, showing
the forts and batteries erected to defend 1t from
an attack by water, which we sincerely trust
will soon again hc in possession OF tho United
States government Wo also subjoin dcscrip-
lion Of the great commercial city Of tho South
cast, M OF general interest in reference to past
and present stirring events.
CuARLRsroS,
The mctrol oils Of South Carolina, situated in
the district Of that name, is tho principal port
on the Southern Atlantic coast, and ranks IN po-
pulation as the twelfth city in the Union. 1t
is in lat. ~ 40 80 ~, and in long. % 90 .
West, from Washington. Its population, in
cluding the city suburbs, is about o., 900. II is
distant about 77j niles from Now York. Tho
site uf the city is ak miles inland from tho
coast, on the point vi land formed by the contlu-
oncc of the Cooper aud Ashley ryors. IL has an
excellent hnrbor, two miles in width, extending
South Of lnst, hotwrcu siN and seven miles, 10
the ocean. The Cooper river is ! 400 yards
wide opposite the city, and tho Ashley 100
yarls each being from 30 to 80 feet IN depth.
Ii dclcucos are thltccn in number lnJluling
tho.c erected since the breaking out Ot the re-
bcllion) viz;
Castle Pinclncy nearest the city, on Shutcs
Folly l-ltid, a buck fortress, about Onu mile 10
the southwcst, aud in about the point Of cOniu-
cncc Of the Cooper and Ashley rivers. Tho
walls Of this iOrtrc = are 20 feet III ID and six
feet " idC IL has an armament ot % pieces Of
Odnmr,, Il and 32-puuudcrs, six cOlumb ads
and few mortars.
Two miles eastward, across the Cooper river,
on Hog Island, il battery Of three pie, s. ono
reduction Of Fort Sumter; aud one milo further
tu the westward across llorsc Creek, i,rnl other,
oflke character, and crcctcdiur the same object.
Ina direct line west, across the harbOr on a
peninsula of the mainland and about one milo
hum Mount Pleasant, i4 a n battery.
Tho famous floating battery now lies sN AMI
a half miles :. T.. from the Ci y, AMI two miles
from Iuri Moul,Iic, at the mouth Of a bayou
which puts inland. arl o. clll,I 'thr cove IL
is mado of Palm. O. ln,5a, covered with four
ihickncsscs OF railroad non, Of the 7 ptttorn,
and Is capable of making mos, formidable de-
fence. Its armament consists Of ioIr guns Of
very heavy caihrc.
Fort Moul,rc, (whosc caly history Is IA
mhiar to every schoolhuy) is on Sllllyan's H.
land nj its sOuthca tern extremity, and, with
Fort Sumter, ,Acommnnds the immediate approach
TO the harbor. This fort, 1t will be rccollectrd
j. the 10 which Major Oow GlnorlD Andor-
ron vacated, to occupy Font Sumter, the ln'or
being tho stronger position. AlUul,ric bears
sou hea. / from the city, about seven mile, aul
nearly opposite Cummings Point, CfOrl SUM
ter bcing hctwecn) The dci'nCt3 consist Of
an outer and inner brick wall the space between
them being filled in with earth, forming
hrcastwork sixteen feet in thickness. Al the
time when Fort Sumter was attacked, Fort
MUullrio received the principal portion Of Ma
jor Andorsons iron compliment being tho
most formidable work opposed to him. lts ar
mamont. then. was eleven heavy guns lnl say-
cral mortnrs thrJ IA doubtless Il has been sinrn
greatly increased aud the fort Itself strcnBthen-
cd 10 re-. .st attack.
On the oAlrcm, casicrly end Of Sullivan Is
land a sand-hag battery has been erected,
which forms the first point Of dclence against
hostile vessels entering the hatlOr. To occupy
{ his island, and 10 silence the guns Of This bat
terry, a. well as those of the fort would noccs-
sarily be the first duty of an invading ilcot, ~
trc persons engaged in manning tho battery
In .tt ia All IL
en- ., defence, Ills eastern battery bears di-
"a. l, uu the Atlantic ocean.
ca Morris Island thn,o arc three batteries
orr on Cummings Point, the eXircm' end bear
ing ou the harbor, and two fronting the 'can--
c,lccliycly situated seven, eight, and eight
and half milos southeast from the city. Tho
battery On Cumming Point is the celebrated
iron battery Of three heavy Columbils, cover
cd over with yellow pine logs crossed with rails
If / iron; 1t Is bomb and shO'-prOJf. The COW
cring slants iiom the top Of large yellow pine
SUI PORTING stakes, or posts towards the harbOr
shore, ard Is pierced for three guns, the poJti
having iron coverings, which are 50 placed as
to close with the rccol Of the pieces; and when
,hc guns are run out they completely i'll the
apcrturus. This battery is four and three
quarter miles S.S,E. from the city.
Fort johnson, so Called ia but a huge slnd-bag
lattcry, on the extreme point Of land which puts
out fI0m Jamess island into the harl or, the site
b blil IOIl bhiA'lpNU lNlll l'l liN % 'iNF'lh-
N mt. II il four miles from the city in a
south-oasteTly direction. It contains three
pi. cos Of heavy ordnance and iour mortars.
Fort Sumter tover.mcmorahlcl ia directly IN
the mouth of the harbor, at about the point
where the currents Of the two rivers Coop
er and Ashley empty into the Atlantic, and
where tho ocean waters may be said TO COM
mence. Its distance from Charleston is ~
miles. This work is erected on male
land, which alone cost the U, $. Government
100000 The fort is of octagsn shape, the
walls Of solid brick, 90 feet high and from to
IL feet thick, which are pierced for three tiers
of guns, on its north, west, and east eEterio