The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1861-06-24

Something 80 ut Diamonds.
[Let II ce boTue IN Mad, Ia reading the en-
SUNG article thai T. carat is s jewellers pecu-
liar measure, and that l56 csraA 90 TO make
Ihs troy ounce
The diamond is the most extraordinary pro-
duaton OF nature. From the earless times ii
has been the most highly valued. a full
grown diamond exceeds In value more than
Il hundred thousand times its mass IN gold.
Eau growu3 d. di in0udS, then, grow -
-ru1raiy. a diamond IS bus piece of crys
II iZed charcoal. Burn II, and, like iece OF
co II, i gives Il gas Of clrbonic acid. All cTys-
Eri- grow they are 'rBed by the addition OF
atoms In Indi {, where tho most * tensiT r..
ana longest worked diamond mines are stu.
u d. u is the uni ceTsHl belief that diamonds
ar. constantly growing IN tbs soil from v Aicn
thpy are ohtsiuei Some &Te dug ont Of the
crrvicss e rocks. hut the ETeatfr number STc
pro- urrd BY washing over the earth and
Krfv-l with which n y are IN Xed, as they
" ash for gold III Austrsla. Many are also
und the beds OF rivers. Gold eud dja
mDudS are sometimes found IL tEe same
g diEgibgs"
The diamond Is disdngushed frora all other
gems ~ putting il IN waJtr- O her e. ans Igo!
dul', hut the diamond shines brightly and
looks like a glDhu!s at AR uEOeT h. water
DtinCud~ vary H. size from h- little brilliant
spUks ws are accus toned To f-e, UP 10 TWO
iuch' or more in iiamrtHT II ihs opinion
which every where prevails IN J. IGt6, IS q cor
rec GHt-- ud II "ppRsr3 % D. sustained Dy
EZprrIe Cp-f hire could be no better in vPs L
rlrut than 20 plant small diamonds in Il proper
soIi, aud allow them 10 grow. t'firtn OF
tw~nty years, according 10 the experience OF
GJlconda ulinee, ought 20 be time enough tor
9ourd ant htrvest
The n Dst no cd regions for the production Of
diarnnnds ar" Hipdostan. BorneO, Btazll, anu
IN UrAi MoHGtaiIB in Russia, Vh,ch are also
rlrh IL COLA and plains few diamonds have
6-.n fuard in the United States; sd Que, 10
T. said. la Ireland. The d tInOnd uips, or,
more properly, vI7hiHg9, IN Bra I'll are work
ed by neg, slaves Happy thu negro who
s. d one ID any con, iderabe arg. II il weighs
m,fe than S. ~ nte-n and one hail c2Tal5, he
IL CO SDrd with !. garland OF flowers. and car
lsEi by his fellC slaves III Il trium oh Il pro-
c-ssion TO the manager, who presents htm
with his freedom. H r. ceivrs also, = Drez-
ent 81 new clothes, aud the privilege 0;
working the mines on his own account II
the diamond weighs eight or ten CaTats, the
Dear0 receives = neE suit Of clothes, two new
shirts auG handsome knlfa For smaller
stones, proportional prem uu8 are given 80
that there is a constant Indictment ID Ihdu ~.
oue OF the laTgt ct 0ltuCuds ever iOULd IL
BrtZ W "a discovered In IN Unex plOred re-
glon ny three C-nyicts, who for some crime
had been hAnished from the CiviiiI-d portions
of the country, into tho wild and savage
interior. linus driven from society, they con
cpiVed the Ioea OF making some discovery OF
such value that their sovereign, the King
OF Portugal, would grant them p pardon.
the country for Six yeas. - ,iosed "a
tie greatest dangers from sava&er, and
the Wild beats and reptiles with
which that tropical res:cu ao0unds. Al Last,
they We.e searching the dry bed OF :. rIyar,
during the drouth, hoping 10 tiud gold, bu
their Industry was rewarded by finding i lii
tie shining pebble, ABOUT ti, size Of {. waluU /,
but worth Il million. The next question was,
how 10 avail LLtnselveS y their disCOV cry -
How Jld they know bat the first man they
met might roo them Of their j-Wei They
went 10 ii priest He listened 10 their story,
and TOOK them TO the Governor OF Villa Rlca.
AS soon IS the Governor had Sean the Gia-
Tnuud, and eAtsG-d himself of It's genuine
Elrss, he suspended the sentence OF the con-
vets, and sent TN N, the priest aud the dla-
m"nd, under IL proper escort, TO the Viceroy III
Rio Ianrir0. The diamond was sent il 4 FRI.
gate TO Portugal, aud the priest sent with Il
TO tell the story OF it's ditcovery 10 the King.
1t ~ needless 10 say tEtt tAA soyereigu pag
aon.d the con lets, ana enabled them 70 i've
,putaDis ever after, la tns society 20 which
they had returned. The devotion OF the priest
81 their cause Was ALSO rewarded by IL sultt-
bic pTrierment; and the diamond found by
these wandering outlaws, lS now the hIigh l.
est jewel III the crown az Portugal
In its natural state, the diamond is often 4
beautiful gen. but II rtqrjres 10 to cG3 in G
the forms III which We usually see il, hstOra
IL exhibits all its flashing Spi9uG0Is Ihs
process Of cutting the dlanlond q very slow.
Giitcult ana expansive. as Il - the ha-Cesl
ct known subs lances, il can only be ctad
II.
The small diamonds and chips OK larger ones
are CT uSheu To Il fine D0Waer, anu this Is
Gtrewn upon iron " h. els, CREASED TO retain
il, " hile The diamond, fastened 4 leaden
s"c"el, Is held untii one facet after ano Their
Is ground and polished. Win a thIa, s.noO /
SAW OF GCu, coy Erred with Gust the diamond
may also he saWn in two, or e lbs may be-
IL Zen Oh, 50 as - bring il into the required
sh ipes These slabs are also cut to form
o,her j-@els Or &c precious d commodity
40 hing i lost.
Tue est OF cutting Is very great. Some
sears ago the Shah OF Persia cane into pos
session Of Il I.rgr IA oltInond which has been
supposed 10 be q slah from the Iamous koh i
moor, Or Mountain Of Light Tae only ac-
coHnt OF l's history that could be gathered
was thttH bad b, eu found by Il poor man III
d Urh>s1n, ana hua been IL ed bs him, Tor Il
lons time, Instead o. a niat. 10 strike ire with
:rom piece oi egsel, in WhIcn rough service
Il had sustained consi 1t able INJURY IL
weighed $50 c,1r,ts, ana the 'weliers OF Tehe
Tin deun nard twenty thousands pounds rs
the pr.ee .: eating IT, tts value may b.
Imagiorc.
The famous Pit diamond, sometimes ca He'd
the neae; Ill .uond, Weignea 4i0 cArIts " zen
b., usht ia tlir rough from GUiconGa; but 81
much had 10 be cut away, n ~ when ready
1,r setting IL weixhrd only 1876 carA's Tue
cutting Uccupard two Years, and cost hye
thousand iounUs. the diamond Is Gus Inch
aud ~ . lines lUrg, one inch ANA ous anu &
had iines broad, and ten lines thick II be-
tauss 10 tue crown OF France, ano though not
the large u, Is considered oiIN OF The mOsl
bran tifui in ne world, aud Vas valued BY s
commission OF j'Sril-rs, some years agu, al
A. 1t IA sky Thousand pounds.
b, b OF Ma tan. III BorreIo, Is the
o0Ler vi - her nice diamond, W hici. he wall
noI seii III any pticr agsLIt, b, cause ii rs NJ.
lies sd 10 be l.cky ~ Lls family. IN Hh Oh II
b ; u+. IA Ter IOng prTIo0 ana, secondly, on
scc..un' OF itr r-dical VIRTUES Wh-u - h
, INN er' ed Ter itlie time ia water, il
iinparts TO IL the most eA IrAordii ary NE i>ln
eS ms Ia T ..iiS "a
a. stopie, aid cures many diseases Ec.
thts- 1sasons, the K Ia refused o seil it /,
u. H"Feinor OF BATAVIA, "ho Offers hin. ii
~ thousand pounds, two ta'se W r bi KS
wiih their guns and ANN nit, on an! Il lsry,
quahtty OF powder ahd hot
Ih' gre. diamond Ia the scRptre of the En-
p-rf of Rossih has had an eyrntfnl Istor,
lhs Dlsl Ne Know % II, IL formed one OF In,
eyer OF an H. Oh 10 Malabar. A Freuch grepa
der IN he East tudIan service having d s+rt
ed, III has wander iBgs IN The country cAapc-S
70 near al account OF this idoi and ia wonder
fni eye lie formed plan 10 gain poes-s sli1s
OF ~ Processing himself Il convert 10 hr fair,
OF Bra hrpa, he studied for the ministry and
after saltsbie probation, came of III
Inferior priests OF this u III gle, where he 81.
GREETED himself one hight, aud stole the dia
fnond eye Of the idol he made his way /,
the English camp, ard then 10 Nj ,draB, wher
he SOLO sheeye 70 ship c. ptain for Two thou
SAND ponhcs IL went from hand 10 hand
ana Was nnaily bought by Prince q, loft 10
MS mistress, tn. Empress Gatharins Of Rus
hia The price was ono hundred thousau,
pounds ana patent Of IA, biiity, which
something considerable for u biz Of cry sta.igsa
chfooh inat one could carry Ia his watch
pocket.
DO much Tor diane DIS ne aos cor ceutra
tta fora. OF that wonderful thing wuieh w
Gail "rtch+s " The resi yAius Of the damon,
ts very little. II IL worth s,m~ thing TO q.
EiAse Wttos ana 10 work up Ia watches, lhousl
other ctytttts must be nearly NJ good But d
give quarter OF = million Tor shining Deb
biz, II - oztrBsagance that seems TO beioU,
moro - she realm Of romaacs than the sobs