The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-01-12

since and several inches Across the street an
orange grove with golden fruit hanging on its branches
soon 10 mature. Such Ia Naples in mid December.
French View OF the American Crisis and
the Presidents Message.
from the Paris Constitutional, Dec %
The United States at tho present moment are under
Message the feared by the Father Of bis Coqn
try the fatal moment when the people OF the republic
would DO divided into two factions hostile to zach oher
superior man, whose respected influence controlling the
tumult should address to the peoples patriotism solemn
appeal and rally them under the ancient federal banner
borne aoft with dignity and nrmness.
The President has just addressed himself to the nation
for the time his official capacity. His Message of
the 4h December must then embrace the supreme
commendaton Of statesman understanding the affairs
Of his country filed with authority and experience and
animated by desire OF contributing by his calm and
dslntercstcd counses to the maintenance intact the
work If national unity
the republic from the catastrophe which threatens IL he
has avn up plan Of reconciliation between the North
that this project Is compromise, inviting the two adj
verse parties 10 mutual concessions and equal sacrifices
II IL rather addressed 10 one to yied to the
oxcDcies OF the other II IL more like decision come to
with patisty than equitable arbitration. To tho
North which has gained its before the people the
President signifies that abandon the benefit OF
the decson the proat of the South which has been
the losing party Under petext OF concnton the Mes
sage calls the conqueror to place him aof under the
se Of The conquered Such the groundwork OF mr.
This conclusion arrived at with great labor and
study. II Is preceded by lengthy dissertation, in
which contradictory doctrines are alternately main.
tanned: The President commences by accusing
the North OF continuing the dscord which
has placed the dcstiny Of the country peril The NORTH
by It's ncessant preaching against the institution OF
slavery has rritated tho South and compromised the
security Of its inhabitants II has inspired the slave
holders with continual fears Of beholdng the horrors OF
scrvile war burst for In their midst
And row. what has resulted from this obstnacy OF the
North in repcng all connection with slavery existing In
the SOUTH The Union is about to be ruptured There
And xxf,a rio hska ttpyy Mona
certainly, since the federal compact was 70
be perpetual, and no ono Of the contracting
the United States not made with much 10 be
violated nj the caprice Of any one OF them The seces
sion Of the States would 10 consequence he Illegal.
Bpt, continues Mr. Buchanan, If they still op
pressed have they not right anterior TO the u,on
q freeing themselves from their oppressorss Assur
edly, says the Message And the Constitution, whit
are We 70 do regarding II In this casey he CON
tirues. And he shows that the President who has
sworn to uphoii it has not the power Of doing
So Az 20 Congress Mr. Buchanan after much reflection
is Of the opinion that has no right TO declare war
against revolted state.
Thus state is nj the same tmc forbidden and per-
mittcd 10 seccao by the constitution, and that nstu
ment, invoable in ls nature, has constituted Pre-
sdent whose duty IL Was 10y his oath TO make II re.
specied but who IL unable to keep his bond II moro
over Instituted Congress whose duty Is 10 make
which the rrcsdeut should execute; but this Congress
cannot furnish the President tho Of putting
execution the primary aud supreme law In terms moro
clear there Is no sanction IN the constitution and agIin
the constitution exists longer. This rs what the
opinion Of tho President amounts TO-
After having eSpounded, with all sorts of develope
mens these curious theories a which the canno a
Of making god account the President lays down the ran
which IA his opinion the most proper too ayertng the
evil And here, We ought to say that Mr. Buchanan Is
IN the right IT. in the end this plan Is adopted by the
North, the Union Is saved, but saved with the constn
topal recognition Of slavery Ia the broad cxa OF ts
whole territory Tho republic will have refrigerated, and
the nineteenth centurythe century of progress-wll
have experienced one disappointment more
What then docs Mr.. Buchanan ask forf lie requires
the North TO accept as forming part oil the constitution
itself the three following ponis1 An express recogni.
ton of the RICH, OF property over slaves wherever slave
~ exists may exist . The duty Of protecting that
right all the common Territories until they constitute
themselves into States. The gniiion Of tho right
OF master TO have fugitive slave delivered up to him
by all the states, and declaration that all the laws OF
State which In contradiction TO that right so
many violations OF the constitution and must therefore
be null and OF non-elect IL tantamount 10 say ing
the North Grant to the South all II claims; IL will then
be satisfied. and win not separate Itself from you
a. to the Ora, point II does not offer BY itself any great
tested that the slave not really the property of hia
master. IIerc precisely u the great evil from which
have enanated all chickering's and dangers and for which
tho South despite the progress Of the human conscience
upon this point has neglected 10 furnish remedy Tho
people Of the North, with whom personal aud direct
n,erestedness has not arrested tie dcvelopoment o.
the moral sense, have conceived aversion and
moro decided against this domestic institution, the
Of which the constitution Is unwilling recognise
and which the founders Of the republic Condemned In
principle when they Inscribed ut the beginning Of their
work the rights Of man, without distinction Of color or
The States OF the North feel themselves more and more
contaminated by the connection imposed upon them by
the South In wishing 10 make slvery general and con.
stitutionai institution That tho states which obe,natey
preserve the stigma Of slavery should DO masters Of thor
slaves ut home IL we'll enough but let them ven.
turc TO carry this evils In accordance with their
interest or PLEASURE into States where the soil Is free,
more than into the new Territories which common
property. This Ia what the North maintains.
In 1870 compact was made, which was called the Mis-
souri, compromise ordained that slavery should not
pass certain parallel Why did the south break this
ccmpecv IL u the South itself which has been the
aspcssorS Did not, besides cause law TO be passed
In 1860 aRanst fugitive slaves, which hss
caufed the Northern conscience 10 revolp Tn.
doubleday appears right that property should
be everywhere reclaimed and restored to its
owner. But since this property is human flesh IL
u 10 be conceived that the cxons OF free State should
experience repugnance in arestng the poor wretch
for the purpose Of returning him 10 slavery rnd the whip
II for this that In many of tho States the r.1ti
tution Of slaves has become almost impossible
The federal law OF 1850 intended 10 hold the free
States 30 account and TO punish slave steaers with the
eevercst penalties. II was then only that, in number
Of the states Of the North the laws adopted the abo
ltiol a which Mr. Buchanan demands, and which
intended TO nuy the effects OF the federal laws against