The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1861-05-13

nN- We wish IL d!etinetiy understood that
postage stamps v.u not b received In pay
nent for subscriptions TO the EtspafeA.
tn. Blockade or southern Ports--"hy we
u.l,.ve England and France will not
AaSnsat 20 Ii.
About a nonsh ago, the London Telegraph
nade this significant remark
"With regard TO the blockade question, we
have stated that II csnno' be solved Dy any
0oyerument in America, but must Do 1911 W
the maritime powers Of Europe--wn0n, aot
ing upon tbs law OF self preservation, mus,
Of cou rss, forbid all attempts 70 excluoe .b .
commerce from the ports OF ing ouaen the
passions would not serve the INTERESTS VI IN
North Such a policy Of coercion, there.oI 9
would be at once short-signteo "ho ihoH~
buAl."
In this connection, We beg to call the atten-
ron Of our readers to come facts which we
Nave before published, but which are at the
present time Of peculiar interest, bearing, as
they d. upon the probable policy OF the Eu-
,o,san nowers in come xion with tho blockade
of Southern ports.
The quantity of cotton consumed by the
cotton manufacturers Of Europe aud Amerlca
il noarly three hundred million pounds In ex-
cess of the American production, yet the
southsrn Statos are the cole dependence OF
England, Europe and the two American he
publics for q supply of cotton clothing lnsre
.re many SOURCES Of supply in existence ou'
this country alone furnishes more mo" At con-
.vm.s, and alone produces TIE requisite QUALITY
In pnper read before the British Society
Of Arts, by J. b. SMITH, Esq, nj. F., from
Stockp port, it is Observed
.Fhat every one Seems impressed with the
necessity OF multiplying the sources oi sup
rty OF cotton but that one branch OF the
question, though q most essential one, az
p..ars 10 have been nearly overlooked we
need SAWS Mr.. SMITH, not only large supply,
and cheap snPpfy, nat snpP'yW ap ,ssait.
into three divisions the cotton required ior
the trade OF Great Britain. These divisions
are the long staple, the medium STAPLE, ana
the short staple. FOR the purpose .. nii' .s.
manufactures, only limited Quantity OF the
first and third qualities are required, but oi
the second gudtlty, they need and can CONSUME
an almost unlimited supply. In inns Iact,
SAWS Mr. SMITH, lies our real diiliculty; Tor,
while several quarters of the world supply
the first sort, and India could supply enor-
nous quaint of the third sort, me C"tted
Slater of America alone hare Hitherto pro
again Our great consumption and demand
is for the soft, white, silky moderately long
eottsn Of America-the quality usually called
'Uplands,' Bowed Georgia,' and New Or
leans We need and consume 0tne Gags o.
his cotton for one bog o/ all other qualities
put together"
Xr. SMITH proceeds to state that there IS cot
ton enough in India, "but it is its quality tha
si- faux, and, az for as the pact i' guide
Il could sssS. irrseopsratly in /aul." Every
effort has bean made to Improve the characte,
Of the India cotton--Ansr;can seed has beer
planted, American planters and American
gins have been sent overland the result ha
been q combination in cleanliness aud color
but scarcely any change in specific character
From somo popularity Of soil or climate, OF
~ some say, from adulteration by the air
borne pollen Of the inferior native plant, tn
improved and altered character Of the cotto
has never boen kept up.
A great deal has been said about tho cult
vaton Of cotton in Africa, but, apart from til
great dificulty,-the quality Of the article
cotton osn only be successfully cultivated b
slave labor, aud British anti slaveryism hi
put that out of the question SO far ~ Englar
u concerned. Moreover, if tho negroes cou
raise and get to market consideraDie qua
tity of cotton, the result would be, "that
the laboriously hand made goods now used
them would be superseded by machine gooo
and the demand for these would still exec
the supply Of cotton" such has been the ca
with Egypt, Turkey, South America, Chin
India. which, no matter how much cott
thew supply, take back q great deal more
tho manufactured article. The United Stat
alone afford o net surplus of cotton above t
weight ofgoods they buy back. There is
nrosueetiyo demand for 4,7o0,o00,GD poun
more cotton than is now grown.
OF 1851 600 bales delivered for Europe
consumption in 1859, tho Southern Sta
supplied 2,ssO,OoO bales. The total Engli
consumption was 1924, 600, Of which 1907
WAS from the Southern States. Notwithstau
ing these large deliveries, the stock on ha
ut the close of the year did not increase.
The London Cotton Supply Reporter es
mates that at least four million persons
that country are dependent on the colt
trade for subsistence. Lancashire, which,
century ago, contained = population of OF
100000, now numbers $500, 0o0--an incre!
which exceeds that Of any other equal surfs
Of the globe in the same time, and is entir'
owing to the development Of the cotton ira
Says the Reporter:
'If q war should at any time break out
tween England aud America, = general serv
instruction take place, or the cotton crop
abort In quantity. our mills would be stopI
for want Of cotton, employers would
ruined, and famine would staik abroad amC
the hundreds aud thousands of working p
pie who are at present fortunately Well e
ployed, Railways would csase TO pay, 8
our ships would lie rottinX IN their POI
should u scarcity Of the raw material for IN;
0facture oyertake US"
Tho London Tunes, commenting on spe,
Of Lord Brougham, in the House of 10,
says:
The importation Of cotton into this conn
has, sincs the I'm port duty was abolished,
creased sixteeu fold. Having been g, 900
pounds, 1t II now 1 900, 0oo, 600 pounds T
10 enc OF those giant facts which stand h
and shoulders higher than the crowd-so h
aud 50 broad that we can neither overlook
nor affect not TO see It. 1t proves the ex
snos Of u Thousand smaller facts that IN
stand under its shadow. II tells of slxt
times ~ many mills, ak teen times as III.
knglish families living by working th
mills, sixteen tunes much profit deri
from SIX tsdn tunes ~ much capital enga
Ia thus mal ufacture. II carries after il
9nences OF Increased quantity of freights
assurances, and necessities Tor six teen ii
the amount OF customers 20 consume, TO
m m MT