The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-11-12

cured from Dalton by; two the Cumberland river
right In the midst Of the iron country at Memphis
and one at New Orleans. Powder is manufactured a.
Little Rock Ark, where sulphur found large quaint
ties Gun carriages and FORCES made at Nashville and
/ at Atlanta, Georgia.
Among the crack batteries in Virginia the Wash
ngton Artillery of New Orleans (Waltons), Kompners
and Esct~lmans. Kempner received his education at an
Austrian school for artillery.
Small arms are In great abundance and bowie knives
are among tho favorte weapons of tho rebels In point
OF general equipment, the Southern army far inferior
to tho Union troops In fact, outside of Virginia thoy
look more like armed mob than regular organizea
| army.
The government wagons used throughout the Con
fedefate States arc for the part the common freight
wagons, which are such peculiar features OF Virginia
roads They boat shaped, covered ana arc
usually drawn by four six mules Sometimes
you lnd oxen, mules and horses In the same team Inc
tents are Of small SIZE but generally IN sooa con
! dition.
| DIFFERENCES OF SENTIMkNr-MIIITARY LEADERS.
1t is mistake TO suppose that thore isenre unanimhy
among the people Of the South OF course you hear NJ
Union principles avowed, bat still they exist Lazarus
is not dead, but sleepoh" The conduct of the war Is
crtcsed-though not openly or boldly One partyta
offensive movement including the capture and de-
and Baltimore winter quarters Another party thinks
that the best policy to the defensive and meet
tho Yankees wherever they appear In Richmond found
the rival factions of Wise and Floyd the adherens Of
Wise making the Of Fioyds thes and general dis
honesty In Nashville found the rival factions OF Pillow
and Polk. The State authorities lean toward Pillow the
Confederate toward the bishop Paadn. There is feel
ing in Tennessee also to keep their troops at home and
not lot them go crusadng either Virginia. Kentucky or
Missouri The military representative of that feeling is
General Cheatham, ex-Mayor of Nashville. Pillow is
clustering, laundering, red faced self conceed, good
natured sort Of fellow He 10 quite popular among
his soldiers, and laughing stock among educated
| military Polk is treated everywhere with the
greatest respect and consideration Mcculoch in
Memphis last summer, He is a tall thin bilious, de
termined looking man, OF retiring habits, and with THAI
humility Of that bcspeaks great pride To me he
looked like thoughtful country merchant than
| military adventurer.
SOUTHERN ARGUMENTS FOR THE WAR.
There is undoubtedly at this Overwhelming
prcponderance of public opinion In favor of the At
first IL movement precptated by ambitious restless
demagognes but the pride and sefconcet aud Other
weak points OF the people have been brought into play
and the whole community seem determined to fight
out The poorer classes sigh in their innermost
hearts for deyeance from the grinding oppression and
hard times that they experience, but voice is
heard in denuncaton Of the authors OF all this natona
The dcuson among the weather. classes is that
if the rebellion crushed, their plantations would
be sequesraed, their negroes manumted and their fam
lies reduced poverty; WHILE as the result of separa
ton they look forward career of individual and
onal prosperity Of which their past experience under
the Union but insipd foretaste. In Virginia the
lazy thriftess chvary, who are held in contempt
by their Southern allies puff themselves up with the
idea that in the confederacy protective duties
are be established for their benefit that their
will become the New England for the cotton coned
eracy just II they could by any miracle become indus
trious fSouth Carolina would give up her free trade
notions for the sake Of encouraging domestic manuac
lures. The people Of the seaboard cities fatter
themselves that every little miserable port the
coast will become great mart Of commerce,
beside which New York and Boston will dwndle into
significance and that the unrestricted developement Of
FREQ trade principles will enrich their importers obbers
and mercantile men, and supply the planters with cheap
commodities The Importance Of middle class, depend
ont upon homa manufactures these sapient Soons en-
| tirely ignore IS. 49,
So much for the benefits to be gained under the new
tangled notion Of secession Then for the injury to be
inflicted their perfdious neghbors Of the North Oh,
SIR counts for great deal In Southern calculations
The hatred expressed to Northern is something d.
monac. They are denounced miserable Yankee
cheats liars swndcrs abotionists niger stealers and
the incarnation Of all veness and inqnty This take
as of the most evidences OF Southern
insanity for certainly all this rage fury are entirely
uncalled for. ##a
CoTroN--REBEL NEwS--NEGROES ETC.
Tho orders of the Confederate government forbidding
the shipment of cotton TO the scapors has been general
" observed. The plantations and country villages are
we'll stocked with the staple. The difficulty is where to
find market for It. II must be there either until the
United States open ports for its transhpmcnt or until
that much talked of blockade breaking takes place. Mes
scngcrs from the rebel Commissioners in Europe arrive
every month by way Of Canada OF Texas and even Of
New York but news Washington is not SO easily OBJ
tanned as IL was heretofore.
Mcclellan very highly esteemed as military leader
but Lnkhornas they call the Presdent-comes in for ali
sorts OF abuse and villi6caton
The negroes seem to relish the present condi
ton of affairs very much. The military excite
ment possesses great charms for them They
yellow stripes to their pants as a sort Of uni.
form, and fancy themselves Thoroughbred soldiers
Those who remain on the plantations delighted be-
cause their labor is not rksome and continuous rs
used TO be, and the rgor Of the overseer has been
relaxed Those employed the fortncations do their
work cheorfully melted to it by the head and
lists which they think something than cholera or
yellow fever They told that the war is to defend.
thom and to keep them from being sold into Cuba The
negroes tho Cities towns and border States know bet
ter than give credence such sors but not SO the
field hands in the cotton States
There apprehcnsons Of a servle Instruction
entertained nor is there thought bestowed upon the
subject The only danger Is from the mass Of negroes
that have been sent from tho border States the in
terror the Gulf States These generally hard cases
and calculated to spread mutiny and dissatisfaction
among their ignorant and innocent fellow victims
Still will take some time for their influence to be mani
tested The negroes from the northern border of Tonnes
zee are being daily sent South.
have endeavored to give you in this familiar nara.
two summary Of the observations and ideas that have
occurred to in recent tour through Virginia and Ten
ncssec If they should prove to be of interest to the
HERALD and its readers and perhaps of importance TO
the government, my object will be accomplished.
With me alone may be the pain
II such there be: with you the moral of my strain
MATRIMONIAL.