davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
Special Dispatch 10 the Charleston Z,
Iier.
Important from Washington.

"As"'sI toS' I"ruy -nn "o'"''t
81 ,'a ,l'a,nin,, ,,.a.nn ~, ,L.' So, ""J
pa,,n.er.,,iS,s the scc, dim $''I"s =,
n,trIos ,h. late S,.r..,,ri,I nd L.. M.
o,,,,inn fr,,n Snn,b ,.,n.in, S.rn,n,., ~
eai1,d Rro,n sx S.,,,.t,,, Tno'aa
md Msssrs parksdale. R.ub.n D,yi. Sln >
rI..,n, and M,.Rne of hIissi..inni s.n,,or.
R..nianin and ShdelL ond Msss,s IL,
D,,idsnn and lnndruu,. or Iooi.j,n, II
,ha ,r..r,bors of ,h. Lta G.,ryi, Io a,,a
I;,,u agent MIR Hill lhe Ala5omn III
noti.n excent AIR Cobb: Senator IVigf.li
and Representative Reagan, of Texas :
Scnntor ,aoe. of oregon senator, unnI.y
ord Mon and ex. Gov Wis.,. or V;roiui,
Ra,ras.nt,iiy, pryor, n; Virgini,. ana nx'
Serr.tarv FIovd of Vir1ini,
pr.sijont Rncb,o,ne G.n S.ou C.o
Cass and secretaries Black ard Holt nav.
h...,, sum,onad IN upn,nr "a yit,.ss.s t,r
the nrasS.,,tion.
Tbs afrdayit alleges that citizens of
Sonth t(.arolina aud other Stat., of The
Union. have conspired against the Con.ti.
tution and Goyernment of The uuIed S,nt.,
and have committed treason and other nigh
crime, against the peace and welfare of the
sa'd oh''eo o'a'es'
From the Charleston Mercury.
WAsHIsGros, January 2s.-Tne sudden
sailing of The corvette Brookiyn with troops
for Pensacola. continues To 10 In, prevail.
ing topic of conversation. Every body now
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
England and the Sc~'nern Coniede
-dCy

That i. "a the purpose Of England TO
r.c eIiize the Independence Of the South
ern Seceding States as soon as II Govern.
nent de Jacio is established by them, may
be confidently assumed from the indications
from that quarter. On the authority of the
TORONTO Leader-which is pronounced high
official authority-it may be said that there
is no doubt of it. This Journal, Of the
oath ult, says in reference to this subject
In the course of speech, delived at
Southampton, Lord Palmcrston referred TO
the difficulties between the Northern and
Southern sections of the United States, and
expressed fear that the Union would be
dissolved. His Lordship added hope that,
whether the Union were dissolved or main.
taincd, amicabe relations would be cst"b
lished and that there would be no var be.
tween brothers. From the curtness of the
telegraphic phraseolcgy, it is not possible
TO say whether Lord Palmerston intcrded
10 refer to the relations of England with
The American considerations, or only to the
relations between the two confederacies ILL
TO which the United States are rapidly form.
ing themselves. BE this us it may, the in.
VI ~ uChbOHlSuRt TIE lu-
dependence Of the new Southern Confed.
eracy as soon as il is formed, no longer ad- :
mits of question. This announcement we
are in position TO make in the most posi-
tive Germs; aud whoever will take the trouble
to watch the course of events, will find that
we are correct. The policy OF England has
long been to ackno ledge all de Eacio gov.
ernmshts, and that policy will not bs dc.
parted from IN the present case From
France similar procedure may safely be
expected and as soon as the Southern
Confederation bas formed provisional
governmeht,i it will be treated by the two
leading powers Of Europe as entitled to all
the privileges Of "A sovereign State The
greatest inconveneHce would arise from
the adoption Of any other line OF policy
England, having no control over the domes
tic politics of other nations, can only ack.
nowledge whatever form Of government
Ihey please TO set up. 70 refuse to do so
would involve her in endless war and ruin
Gus commercial embarrassments.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
Salesday.

Owing to the inclemency of the weather,
and probably high waters, the number of
persons in attendance on Monday was few.
er than usual. A small lot of property was
sold by tho Sheriff, at, what seemed to b.
very fair prices. =
-Four negros and tract of ''a were sold
by the Commissioner : equity The ne
gros ranged frr. Hp TO The best prices that
have rul, heretofore a boy aged about
81 ears sold for $l3Ql Girl about ls
years Hf age brought $I3O5 "a woman
about ID years aud boy about SIX years of
nge, brought 1915
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
Obituary.

WILLIAM ATKINSON, son OF Mr.. and NJ
Jno. ID. McCmdeil, WAS born on tine 10th of
April, 1852, and died on Monday evening,
January 2Sth, 1861.
more henlthfui, manly boy is rarely
sem. On Saturday evening he wrs us we'll,
as i"li of hfo and spirits as ever on Tues.
day his sorrowing family committed his re-
mnns, M treasure, to the grave. The
voice OF Providence, reItcrating the teach
log ut Scripture, BE ye therefore, ready
also for the son of man conrih ia an hour.
when ye think not y PASTOR.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
Texas.

The Texas Legislature convened on the
22d ult Gov. Hoaston's Message was
read ; ii Jarors he calling cfa Convention.
The Legislature is overwhelmingly in ia.
vor of immediate action a small minority
faSors referring the question Of Secession
to the people.
Resolutions have passed both houses
unanimously, repudiating the idea that for
chile means may be used to eocrcc Tire se-
ceding States, and declaring that aay suci,
attempt will be resisted TO the last oxtrep,.
ity.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
Notice to Tax Payers.

+ WILL be at tho usual places of reeeiy-
i ing taxes, on the following days viz:
At Matthias Crenshaw's, Friday, March Ist.
AZ Tank, Saturday, March I'd.
At the Court House, Monday, March 9Th.
AT SmalPs, Tuesday, March 9th.
At Funderburk's muster ground, Wsdnes-
day, March 9Th.
Az Taxahaw, Thursday, March 18th.
Al Horizons, Friday, March 9Th.
AZ J. ID. Mobiey's Store. Saturday, March o.
Al CraigsviiIs, Monday, Marct iI;h.
AZ Il Il Magill's store, Tuesday, March IL.
Al Bsiair. Wednesday. March ia,h.
At Ross store, Thursday, March I4.h.
! will be at the Court House during
Court Week. Free Negros are required 10
make their returns and pay their taxes do.
ring the month % March. The tax books
wsB be closed on the 25th, day OF April, all
returns must 20 made by thai ti,nc. Per.
sons having Nsgros hired o6t with an un.
tsrsiauding that the hirer 10 10 pay the
taxesJ will please make IL known TO me, 1
hays- reason 10 believe that no lax has been
psid on number Of hired sexroz
J. Il. tiUNrER,
r. G. l.. p
Feb, O. 1851. as,t
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
THE MARKETS.

tHARLEsros, January 80 3O-COrTON-
Thcrs WAS an active demand for tn. article
to day which resulted in The sale of a279
bales, at full prices of yesterday, prices ran
.ng fiom 10 Ire.
NEW ORLEANS, January a9-The sales
today Were 2O90 bales. MidGIing. quoted
nt III. TIC sales in three days foot up
$1,000 bale" and the receipts $4,000, II
g'i1st $4,000 in the corresponding period
last yoar. The dccrease in the receipts at
this port up To date are lS2 500 bales II,
all the ports 56O, 800.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
Louisiana Intelligence.

The Convention Of Louisiana sdopieG
The Secession Ordinance on the 26th nit
by vote of iI3 ia favor to IL against it
The Ordinance wit be signed by all or tie
members.
a co-operation substitute for the Ordi.
nance Of secession YVES rejected by large
majority
The Pelican Flag was Immediately un.
furied ut all of the promlrent points through.
out the State, and The highest enthusiasm
prevailed among the people. Thus she
ball rolls on--rexas will soon add another
Star 10 the Sosthsrn galaxy.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
sIroR rHs LANCASTER LKpoSR. ]
The Call to Battle.
BY ELECTUS.


TO arms to arms is peaing out. in ,rum-
pet tones,
Both sire and son attend, behold,your conn
try groans.
All ye, who dwell beneath our Southern
skies,
Gird On your s@os5s, and at your conntry's
call arise.
We long have dwelt at ease, aud lived in
soft repose;
But nov our eonotrY bleeds, spd we musi
share her woes.
The happy home, where love did charm and
swevten lie
Mus, be exchanged. for tented fields, aud
angry strife. xSis
The loving wife, turns pale, TO see her hus.
band start
The mother wccps alond. but with her son
mus, part
The gentle m.id. xhe wears her lovers
plighicd rj,,g. ( 50
Is sad asa Iis. ills nsiess bird, she can
That tendS l,ssds si1Ie6 salisd the rose of
Ma, ts's S"s &. / ii tn. soldier.
verns tl,nI
No foreign foafs> ksiaI homes lpol,st,
But Yankee's Mo net,lcd on the
Southern brez1s.
9Th" Stars and,ssfp I'D once the fr.c-
mans sigu displsy,
'ri' now 'fsasessss. sana fsss~yo'.
trns. hetrsy.
by patriots blood hi, Priceless banner lir,t
was bought,
Alas ! the price or bIyol was ba-vcss sold
for uhugn;. y
CoIumhias iisg. was ioug the freeman d
bons, aud psiae.
Ii, odious now. aad taas whore awlsss
/ bands resiics
This starry banser stfuc,ing from thou.
s"mG sirises;
Is doomJd ;oftal, ssd perish in the ,moul-
dcrtng iirss E
rao pa.aat, Iisg vim ss.,.ove tho smo.
King void
! A"i proudly ware etms sUaioh', flag i,
destroy sii.s
Palmetto S,.,t,Fsp sls j. |ss,s Be con,
But freedmen reyssl ~ 10 lfpl. .,,snr.
pa.m,,,",, son, w.,s /; .,.,,s t.o.
B".NorIhcnn 'u;e }ter Gsntp~c, tore
! asu,dcr. I{}{tS St
Thr h'g shai! w,vo. t a so,,ps snoke
and ihuni,. MI 1stf,T
! To arm' to arr,s ol ssS7 ~ .nl.am tho
suinmums iir,;
! Wh-rc freedom Ii,r,. bAs sA rur7cr'.d
Union Gi-.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
CLAUDE.

Texas PoLrTIos The contest of candi.
dates for the State Convention Of Texas i,
not between "Co.opcmlionists" and 'Ss-
eessionisis," but between Southern Con
fsd.raiionis.s" aud "lndcpeEdent Te Ia,ns,
the former being for the union Of tic Stale
with Southern Cohfcderacy, ami il,e lat
ter for Texas as 10 independent Republic.
The adseeate'y 81 DE latter policy ato ma.
king apestiy Tiong run, 50 far ssbeard
from, but will doubtless be defeated by a
large majority.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
Our State Flag.

After several alterations aud great deal
Of discussion, the Legislators adopted
Flag for the State Of South Carolina. which
the Mercury reports consists Of blue field,
with a white palmetto tree In the middle,
upright. The while crescent 10 The upper
flag staff corner ren,ains as before, the horn-
pointing upward.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06

CoUNrERMANDED-T ordsr requiring
Beat Companies to assemble for drill once
per week, has been countermanded by the
Governor.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
The Post Office

Has been changed from the place where
it was recently kept, to the office of Messrs.
Clinton & Sccrest, nearly opposite the
Court House.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06

GEs. ScoTT--The Norfolk, (va) Herald
States ION pretty good authority that
Gen Scott has said that in the event Of Viz.
giria seceding, it was Its determination 10
resign l,is eoi.aaesisa in the army, and
make Virginia bis plsce Of residence for the
remainder ., a.. .a,s
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
TIE CLOSING YEARS OF LIFE ar. often

TIE CLOSING YEARS OF LIFE are often
rendered wretchcd by ailments which are tri-
t"g IN themselves aud easily cared il taken
III time Affection o: the liver, stomach, aud
ether organs concerned in digestion, are the
most frequent, They naturally make the suf.
iVrcr nervous, irritable and complaining, and
relatives and friend, are forced TO bear the
hT"nt oi their Ill humor. The use OF IIusteters
Celebrated Stomach Bitlers will prove au et,
"clent remedy for this evil, it will not Only
strengthen the whole physical organization,
but entirely cure the most obstinate cases oil
Indigestion, DiairhIs, Dysentery, and Liver
Complaint. The first physicians ia the county
asc loud III their praise OF this preparation.-
Another recommendation OF the Bitters is that
y is 80 palatablc 10 the taste that il may be
uaei even rs a beverage. Sold by all drug.
s'''s February.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
HyneneaI.

Married, on the 25th December, 1860, by
Henry g. Wells, Esq, J. NJ. d. BARTON, of
Lancaster District, 5. e.. 10 Mas ). +.
SLoNE, Of Arkansas county, Ark.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
Charleston Correspondence.

COZ p"UttOH ~ oNOt hHH b'""f'
,fac,nrimg Company noble oGer from a
Tennesseean adjournment Of The Lcgis
laius-- Vessels coming an dii!Y - Block
ade only for hostile riSitorS
Nothing OF Il decidedly waflikr character
has occurred since las, wrote you. The
late NEGOTIATIONS at Washing,uu are under
stood TO have reference 10 som" saiisr,cto.
rs settlement b. which bioodsard ia IT, be
| avoided although how that is possible no
one. except the initiated, can predict. The
business is conducted very properly in Sc
! cret council, and should the event prove
that the thing can be- accomplished without
the sacrifice of valuable lives. we shall have
! reason TO look upon our rulers us public
benefactors. Still the impaticnce Of the
! soldiery calls for something more definite
than has yet been communicated 10 us, and
the people generally, would be more salts.
fed, if they could form some idea of what
| is TO be the final result Of NIL this parleying
aud tcmpurizng. Our troops have Lad II
terrible scvc OF bad weather, but they are
all in good spirits and condition.
Tacrc is now Bill before the Lcgisln-
iurc providing for the appointment and du-
ties Of officers connected with the customs.
~. ,.,,,,,r..,,i. c,,, or,ro..d !. ,,n v,,rs
Under the Old regimen, these officers were
appointed for four years. annex II copy
Of the Bill, ia its present form:
! n,,,, TO rRoyIpE roR THE APPOINTMENT
AKIN prr,rs or orr,cERs cpysEorEp wrru
r,,r rrsro,is Ann roY OTHER PURPOSES.
u. p,;, .,...,,J L,..,L, ~.,,,,,.
o,,J JJ,,,ls nc R,,reyc,,,,,;ros ,io,r ,u,, y,3
sitting in Genera ASScn,Jiy, ami by the an.
Hm1iy y ne same h"t 'nc p"Nrr"ot' by
ana WIN 'Ge ""I''e 'u" '"'ASt' 81 S.t S,S
fcrrs ",', ,rI Suryrynr, far In. rnIIrri", Of
the on,i,s on IMPORT, and tonnaro at the
s"'ria' rof;, within the State. Whose tenure
"l "'Iv sH~,' "e Nv" N'WS' anu """' sue
,n,, .J,,i.,.',r ....r.' i'.,l,.,,
SIC. = .rut every such Collector, M
va! officer and Surveyor, uef"rc entering
'F'" me "'''"''S' u ''' ""''H 90 "' VI
49,, =, 77,,,,,,r1,,,'l >, ,L,. ,.C,,',n;.,i'..,,.,.
a;poiu,rd 80 apr,,,., public securities. CON.
t'N'p3'th l'l is't ''1Ht nlNEil ~ ~ hlIt
H"hes 81 "IS ONCE ""ch b"hd """I be oi
~, A., ,...n,,r,,,,,, ,I. L'nd. ~ m,i,S.
D4;r.g,''r,i;.ic1 ~, IA. ciyh;..uI,, day of
iJ.,,n1,r, in ,ne year Of our Lord one
'""nN"fl right H""dre" ana 'Won'I-n'nc'
- i'"' Ia - ,,'S ~ I',''I' W '"s saw
thai j., 10 say: oil t.. Collector of Charlie,
ton, thirty ihous.,,.u dollar aud .; !nc
C",'"cioF' .! Other r''M. ~" t1u''"A
u,Esrf rf other por,-, TWO thousand dol.
lar. "f the Surveyor q! Ch'ri"rl1I, five
'''"''"d ""''"'' ana u, INC ""''e' "r "i
,i., hrrt- ,,.n l.. f''J .~,,i, 49,. ,T'''.1 ."
-. ~ Tia, "ai:e OF sny L,nor division. AMI
>""0t b. by L.H pa, ~ -u.' "p"u "a, L5'ach
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06
The Mails.

We mentioned last week the stoppage of
the mails between this place and Camden
(route 5o69i and we have TO add this week
that we are still without regular mail com
InUnication with that point. For the mails
that Ne have received since our last issuet
we are indebted partly TO accident and part
ly TO the kind attentions of Mr., Pegues,
Postmaster at Camden. Their emi4weekls
line from he,e .enPipeyilte 81 cs f(ronte
5666) csrried.bgithe sap,s parties has like.
wise beeasln nppea! The sARs reason we
have !sss ths sudden depr
va.isu II ;ll'' y u & 4 sf .bsir mail matter,
is5kaaZt Il 5oSA Ssol nit the convenience of
(6 sonvey them any longer
pS etahDd to npprehend,tl@tf,hay hay.
3 j, y 4 femunerated for, ,tttir isk ~. ~
IA .fise United States CosSrnfasof fa1f
(. ~ Sshsrn. Tho State is fsspot> 4 s
e01<pactors at the same Iates Of service, ;&i ~
DER resolution of our Convention. 50
that IN anH event, they will be paid
The original contractors for the routes
above named are Messrs Stucky g. Rod,
gers, of Bi"hopvile. Messrs. Cousar. &
ingram, who have been doing the service
Tor 'he last two years, are sub. contractors,
and responsible only to the former parl;ue.
We do not know that the suspension of
these routes has been through the direction
of the original contractors we have some
reason for suPposing that they knew moth
ing of il until within day or two past
They are men who have hitherto sustained
reputation for promptitude in carrying
out their obligations TO the Department.
and We feel assured that as soon as they
are apprsed Of the course Of their agents
here, they will institute measures for the
resumption of mail service on these routes.
We hope 10 be able in our next issue to
report IL better condition of things than ex.
lists Mt present.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06

The following is lat of the Volunteer
Company raised in the Lower Battalion
Of the 2lai Regiment, and org ,uized Jan.
uary 9Th, 1861.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06

Nv ,y tho ElloNi.o ,n.,rao.,,,;., J
moreor,r ,l,a, von' - III ,;y.. ma 'b'. ,, """
mission To give pub6ri,t T. vnn, w sn. -,
,h,uII I d.,,c f. Jo .d
LAT. u.I Tia io,;..iicg;oLot H., .,;,
corumit,.l tv lawn u al. -,
surrendered 10 the FeJenJ tio,sr",nsnt.
aud judgment delayed pnl the Fourth
Of March next, wonId yaa ave exercised
the pariou,ng power
81. Do You rssssdH1 1prsl Scott
decision. as bind dak5 ~ psopte OF
The N"rih ! 5;
Hoping To bs son, re.
main,
ScxR.
3;3>E
Syn,S657l 1sGl.
J. a. SAzSq,s< ,,d re.
solved 'dl5 tie,,ers
addressed tas1f lkHuing
the manlJId Ta4s >4 late
gained RoutE& puntry.
Blu, "a I.nvsf34 same
in,erogqls sde<pSst ~ 9th .
ers, aud - ys0t Nd ( .licta.
ted in spiritl 4 Il {k,nfor.
ma,Iou orly, l D a lbr the
present 70 wsisa in ~ = reply,
giving yot perint 10 - OF IN y
answer as yqs:ese fia
Yon az. siIsd ,,.:i. bu Of Tho
crims eouImids'i ! I}sc & Ana other.
;;;; $:; 6 a: ;;;:; e: !;
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-06

feeling. Col. liayne had an interview with
the President to day. l understand that
Buchanan will refuse his demand and refer
him to Congress.
telegraphic despatch from Senator
Mallory, of Florida. addressed to Senator
Bigler, of Pennsylvania, and Senator Sill
dell, of Louisiana, says that the State
troops of Florida, Alabama and Georgia,
" i'll assault Fort Pickens as soon as the
B"ookiyn makes her appearance in Florida
waters.
Senator Mallory begs TO know if it be
true that the Brooklyn is destined for Pen
sacoIa No reply has yet been made. Some
persons think the Brooklyn has only been
ordered to warn Government vessels against
entering Pensacola Bay.
The President declines answering the
enquiries of ex-senator Mallory us to the
destination of the Brooklgn
Before leaving, cx-President Tyler de-
mandcd Of the President to know whether
or not it was true that heavy guns are be-
| ing mounted at Fort Monroe, pointing in.
! land.
The President answered that he would
! make inquiries in relation Ia the matter,
and communicate the result of his invesii-
! cation.
out the Knowledge or consent Of the Pres
! ident. =
General Scott to day obtained permission
of the President TO order three more COM
! panIes Of Artillery to this city. Before the
order could be issued, however. the perlnis.
sion was withdrawn. All parties are de-
nouncing the weak, vacilatinS and trcachc
| rous policy of the Administration.
Col. llayne says that he i- anxionsly en-
| pect;ng special messenger VITA dispatches
| from the Governor of South Carolina
}. J. Jones. late editor OF the True DeIta
| published at New Orleans, and Lieut.. vii
son, of the Federal Navy, fought duel this
morning near Wilmington, Delaware. The
officially between them grew ont Of poliii.
Cal differences
The tuga,es of war NacciomidR, Sabine
aud Brookiyn are. to be stationed at rcusa
cola, Fla.
CoIiuX, of Indiana. has letter from Lin.
coin III favor OF Il compromise.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1861-10-24
s,NlGENENT OF TnE FrrIbs-

lConelaalsl hom our Last.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1861-10-24

In Sumatra, the punches Of paddy are spread
On mats and the grain rubbed out by the action
Of the feet, the operator supporting his hands by
a bamboo placed horizontally over his head
the whole suggestive Of = sailors hcrnpipe.
In Java, the cleaning l. performed by equal
" d@exterOus movements Of the feet, but. 70 some
extent, wooden pesiles and mOrtars are used by
the women.
In JaIan, the mode Of cleaning is equal to
that Of any other country. not excepting the
United States. An ga1ershOt water wheel
turns = shaft, 70 which are affixed short arms
these. as they move, work Il row Of wooden
Founders dropping into mortars-the same as
may BE- seen, less artistically made, working for
the same purpose in New York to-day, IL follows:
the rice l. first run through = pair of heavy
mIll-tGncs about SIX feet in diameter, AT the rate
Ot 100 bushels per hour. which grinds off the
hull thence into large wood mOrtars, which
hold about p bushels each. in which it Is pound
eli by large IrOn-shOd pestles, weighing from 900
70 400 lbs, for the space Of some two hours.
The pounded rice is then elevated and passes
through Il vertical brushing screen. revolving
rapidly, which polishes the finty grain from
thence it desceuds through . rolling screen TO
separate whole grains from the broken, and
flour from both, and delivers it fully prepared
into the barrel or tierce, which is to convey
IL 10 market.
This is the present process in the United
States, where, upon the whole, it is done better
than any part of the world. The loss by this
mode of cleaning is over 80 per cent, of which
one-half is incurred by breaking and pulver-
izing the rice.
All the rice imported into the United States
from other countries requires to be recleaned
before ii becomes marketable.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1861-10-24
4 very considerable portion of this rice finds
its way TO Europe, and the quantities imported
into the leading countries were as follows

These figures give some idea of the immense
importance of tine rice crop To the human race.
If we contemplate the details of the trade, we
are struck with the fact that, i'll the preparation
of an article of such prime Importance for tho
market, no advance-not even in the middle of
the nineteenth century-has been made above
barbari>m.
The Chinese mode of cleansing i 10 work the
rude pestle by hand or water. The water power
Is a wooden beam, fashioned in the shape of a
spoon. This i supported near the bowl on AN
upright of about two feet. From the long end
depends the pestlc, which drops into the rice
held in u wooden basin 4 little stream of wa
ter i led into the bowl Of the spoon, which,
when full. weighs down, and by 80 doing, lifts
the pestle at the other end the water then
spills out of the spoon, and allows the pestle TO
fall into the rice.
There are some other equally curious apVl-
cations OF power 10 the cleaning of the rice.