The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-08-13

DEPTH OF MINEs-7He Working of the Enqlish
Mines.-An English journal, after vauing the total
product of the mines of Great Britain at cal 49 O2
per annum, and computing that Englands supply
OF coal will last at least seven hundred years longer
at present rates OF consumption, gives the follow
ing account of the depth to which the bowels of
the earth have been pierced in England
"The depth to which mine for coal is alreadv
great. The pit at Duckenfed, in Cheshire, is 2OO4
feet below the surface to the point where it inter-
sects the 'Black Mime Coal seam which ia four
feet six inches thick, and of the best quality for
domestic and manufacturing purposes; from this
point further depth of 500 feet has been attained
by means of an engine plane in the bed of coal go
that great portion of the coal is now raised
from the enormous depth Of 1854 feet. At Pendle-
ton, near Manchester, coal is daily worked from a
depth of ,l35 feet; and the Camel coal of Wigan
is brought from ,773 feet below the surface
Many of the Durham collieries are equally deep.
and far more extended in their subterranean laby-
rinths. Some of those, and others in Cumberland,
are worked out far under the bed of the sea; and
on both sides of the island we are RAPIDLY extend
ing our sub-oceanic burrowing.
Dolcoath tin mine, in Cornwall, is now working
at one thousand eight hundred feet from the sur
face, and is rapidly sinking deeper. The depth of
Tresavean, copper mine, is two thousand one
per mines are approaching these depths; and under
the Atlantic waves, in Botalack, Levant and other
mines, man is pursuing his labors daily at half
mile from the shore. To aid the miner in these Sc
-,
one hundred inches in diameter, are EMPLOYED
in pumping water from those vast depths
Winding-eng which are masterpieces of me-
chanical SKILL are ever at work raising the miner
ais from each dark abyss, and gines' of
considerable ingenuity-so-called because they
bring the wearied miner to the light of dav saving
him from the toll of climbing up perpendicular
lsdders-are introduced in many of our most per-
fectly conducted mines. Our Goals cost us annual
ly one thousand lives, and more than double
that number of metaliferous miners per-
ish from accidents in the mines, at an unusually
early age-thirty-two-from diseases contracted by
the conditions of their tolls. By the industry of
our mining population there is annually added to
our national wealth considerably more than thirty
millions sterling. This, when elaborated by the
process of manufacture is increased in value ten
fold. While we are thus drawing upon that Hoard
ed treasure, guarded by dragons white and red,'
which the enchanter Merlin is tabled to have
concealed in the caves of the earth, we should not
cease to remember how much of mental labor and
muscular power is expended, and how large per-
centage of human life is annually sacrificed in the
contest with those hydra headed evils which are
truly personifed by the dragons of the legend"
Fort P1cKENs-The schooner VIM. S. Tisdale.
Capt. Tournier, arrived yesterday Sunday from
Fort Pickens, which port she left July 20, after
having landed ordnance stores for the fort. There
was nothing of any Importance transpired since our
last advices. The health of the troops was coed,
and they are in good spirits; The secession troops
tions. On the Sunday previous to Capt. Tournier
sailing, miniature sail boat (about ~ feet long)
having tin cannon for bowsprit, arrived at
Fort Pickens, having been sent by the Confeder-
ates; her cargo consisted of New Orleans papers
containing full account of the battle at Bull Run,
for which news they fired nine guns.
Capt. Tournier reports that on the 9Th inst, off
Hatteras, t61S P. NJ, saw a small schooner, pilot
boat build, making for him, and when within
quarter OF mile of his vessel she fired into him,
which he did not notice any more than exposing
the stars and stripes. The shot was repeated, aud
nag. Capt. 4. still kept his course, when six more
snots were nred, none of which took effect, each
one passing either across the bow or STERN the last
gave up the chase, she being left 90 far sstern.-N