, 1861-01-17
.NO.ssB.s.;,..s:: q:

the dissolution Of the eonledeFney among thoa
free sovereign States. Il has no resemblance 70 .
the recognition Of q iOrcign dc JaetO goveFnmnnt
Involving such responsibilities, any attempt Tori
do this would, on his part, be naked act 81 !
usurpatiOn. II l., therefore, my duty p submit 4
to Congress the whole questionin all - heaHbs
ingS The course Of events Is 80 rapidly hasss
teninR forward, that the emergency fmay saEriEos
when you may be called upon 10 doeido ~ MOI
meRtnus7 question, whether You posses tnol
power, by force Of arms, 10 compel . einielt tqa
remain In the UnOn. v8lStl ST'fii.oTg tkif .hsfW
should feel myself recrcaht 10 my duty >
were to fail to express an opinion % fhef inv
portant subject The question. fAiFly stated, lesn
lIas the Constitution deh gated to COngFes5 theii
power to force Stats into suhmiaaioA, which slaT
attempting to witlpiFHA, o. has already
drawn from the COniedcFaeY9 ON answered N
the Affirmative, Il mnsi b. on the pFneiple. Ahat
the power has been conferred upon Congress "a !
declare and make war aglinst q State AilTa
much serious Tef.srtiOn, ! hare arrived 81 the
conclusion that no such power has been ,delast
gated to Congress, or 10 any other depaTtmenti
Of the Federal Government. II Is manlieaipa
upon an inspection of the instrument that ithaii
Is not among the specific and enumerated pogerld
granted to Congress, and Il is equally apparent
that its exercises is not necessary and proper
for carrying into execution any one o. ge.es
powers % Isr rom :''s J. Povss ..,l,, s.f,s.d
~ ~, Ia, cor,,sS ~ ConaltIi.
'''' -, a., ,,...s.i;ng. ~ th.k
I. = Si". ~ NJ, igsT ~, sha eianaa
oOJy, Gn ."s % oiSs ,;c ~ ~ ,hs sorrs n tho
,..inn G",..r,',rsn' s "".;ns, Jrl;nouent STATE
came up for consideration. Mr.. Madison op-a
posed Il In brief but powerful speech, hnm
which shall extract but . single ssntencr. he
observed: The use Of eTce against Slatoi
:S,".: - ~ 80; h,,.t 80 ,,oSia r-hshI
S ~ s;Io.S y. ~. 'a.s.', s,ss.tsS - 4 49,.
~ "a n, ,hch a migbf
i" honnd" ITnon M motion he Clause was
~ '.I,,,,o.od "nJ |. ~ nsver beleve
unII'''nor PS''P'"eu' 1'" "oo $3.50
"Es.' Sp pIsSu 80" ~. ,Lo e,t .r I,n. 17a7 ~hene
;o;'Ion,.iI .S~.,t,, :, his s,,h;rct he ssid anv
,'',voSn,s,;, e., ~ ITn;,sd S,..eS annded an fha
~ ',s;,,~, s--s sc.inr ~
,,s.s S;,,ss ~ ,hs Stsiss onId
- s',s-.;o,'. = ~ ,a,.rV,.
prove y ClSonary ana ~ s.s ~ ~.
;.,;. Co.'ss,ss - ~" "A S.5srstior
W;,Io,,. SS.o's,',;n,. y, ,.rs;c,I.r;~e "A ma.
80 "ss,S ,,,s, ~ ,.,,,'", ~ - ~
oe ssy Ss-.n,' H'@. ..:P.. W s-;,L ~. ,hal.
aeaInSe ot.W 70 =. s"sss ss.s.,,' 1890.
Spl,' aao ny ~ ~ ue ~
S,t,a .r mar Sn"s ~ \. - 49,. .,,.-vsra.S !
Sh"y nJ~ mi ,;''re snd sorern a bs
I,,,,',,;,. ,,'',..rS n, M rss,r. ~ ibinos -
o,d ~" T., ,,h,,.i.,I e,r., so,,,r,I IN Nm of
M n "TIc M so,,,,'.l Them a. rlecl Senators
, MJ pa'in "V, ",a,;s ~ y, c,,.,ss. s,,d a ~.
snu ''Ti',, y, .i ~ - e1.s 4 -.
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~ s.,". 1 ..,,.,;I;.,, h,rs., IN s,sts- ~.
Jug Iu,ufe Sc'"O"'-uV'' Ve'"ss'' w 'ii
P'sr'os' rs 20 ~, N 4. t... !. 2,
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It.,oa ~, 49,. s.,,,,,;c a;n,er snd cs1 nevss
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" Ysu'o0 ~ . Wy ~. y 4, ~. f'.,; -
s. 49,, -. -, ,,.,;-h rlo,,c,ssr
ue PeuP'e, " ulur. s.'s's Es.s:,
Psess a.y w, ..I ". ~ ~, 49,. w.. L lisTl
S.Ss - as.'.".,s i, ~, s,,c. In. nav II ~.
=, "a ~, ~
Po.u.ss ~ h"i,. az, u
a.., IA, ~, =, ,,',,, ~ .v
s'' W. i, ~;
oeea dodea.ea . 70 nual. ~ m
S,., ~. ~, ~. ,.l,,s;,, n IN, 49, mi ~
~. na.s ~ N ~ i,,s,,. -.rd ,hs Union ~ AZ
tho nopes % .e ,nsu.s sIss gs,s ,n5 -
nIuS - Wy Y. M -, -,
~. w. ~ m. n tvert
e..;,,, -, ~ ~, ,lrha =, AneTie.an eiifren
ioTegn region q Wy glCgs, ~ w.
ns'I :" WV ns,'si. Z
Gu ~ Ioresn .anu' ,';,s, 49,, W s.;.5.
ucu " sssn 1'is ~ s,'-,,;,. .h,,:.'
Mnes " NJ ,.S, s;,g -
s.,A' rSson vst NJ ,,,,,.,.--,
lnunRr. by SuCn uIeuH eetA1sts wv .h11
.,s ,Ieles ~ =. n ~ = ;s.s -
Sou1 y 1870 ~. f,.s -I,
a r y ~ 49,. si -,
amIhe W! uoio ~ =" Nv ss,6u.J 49,, s .ss--l -