The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-07-06

CHOICE Limited 10 duties ,nrdrts direct taxes aud
tue the chief form Of indirect TAXATION Direct .axea
Nc!uoe captation taxes, taxes on real estate, and
In lists embracing al descriptions and vspsd hvs mi
form rule while under the head o. internal duties and
excuses may DC included all taxes consumption an
taxes on speca' descriptions of personal proper WITH
reference TO rather than value The ufncna dvan
tsges OF the system Of direct taxes ase found Il ia
motives thus arising for economy snd 6deiitv N ths
administration bnd In the manifest equity Of disripus
Ing BURGERS IN proportion TO rather thin 30 RIO
portion TO consumption. On the other hand tho aS
yanages Of indirect taxation, by duties on mpoYtsk
are found IN the economy Of collection In the faculty
payment IN the adaptabity to the encourage ment az
industry ard, above ALL In the avoidance Of federal in
eraepce with the finances OF the States whose main re-
aLce for revenue for all objects Oh State admin
must necessarily be upon levieg property These con
alterations bsve doubtless determined the preerenceh
which bias always been evnced by the people Of the Un
ted S'aier veil ~ by their legislative ana executive
for outes imports as the CHIEF OF national
nue. Only on occasions OF special exjgency hag resort
cisee. 4
No departure Is proposed by the Secretary from the
hne OF policy thus sanctioned. He ventures 30 recon-
nerd orls such modcaioDs Of the existing tariff. as will
produce tne prlcipai pert or th, needed revenue,
sucn refot 10 direct taxes or internal DATES crcrn
ser may requite IN or1es g make good whatever
lptss may be found exs That the oresen. tariff OF
duties win rot produce The required hy sound
principles q 1nance under existing clrcumstanoss ia a
propos'on which gill commsrd geDera assent /. wdg
ormed indeed, with references {, very di-rert cond
seal year just coed wee osiy s' Is se 2ae
nd though very Considerable Improvement 10 the
evenue may be conbdsnis anticipated for The carent
escal year, should change be made in the rates Of
duties, viii be Inadequate oeycn1 doubt to the de-
nsnos Of the treasury, which should be provided for
already stated, wN reach the OF $40 e87 $40 S4s
sum Lot greater, perhaps, han may be reasonably
arn OF cutes though greater ,han be expected
mem Any tariffs
lhe disorders of basuess incident to disturbed con.
clifton OF Political affairs will be gradually redressed.
new channels open TO receive the obstructed in
former CONFESS and the new emplOymsnts engage the
Industry displaced from former pursuits. with this re
1iVa o. nece and industry the revenue viii improve
even 'hugh he restoration o. peace be delayed be-
moreover that the great body Of lie citisens Of the
States now involved In the calanities Of nsurrectiou
VIII ere long, become satisfied that order aud peace
are security for all rights Of property and for
all personal and political rights In the Union, and
under the constitution preferable to the disorder
attempts to sabvet the government break up nsti-
tutoIs ord destroy the nationality by rorcs and vo-
ence When, under the influence of this reasonable con-
v,cop tho people of the several States now Constrained
by the criminal folly of political psrtisans into civil war
against the Unn .hal In their turn oonstrain these
patisaps 10 loyalty to law and cbadience tho consttu
toD IT Ia not uni easonsbIe expect that with re.
stored Union Will come not merely renewed prosperity
but prosperity removed in degree and measure without
parallel in the past experience Of our country
While recommending the changes Ia the exist.
ae e n b Sna ;ns oner rsyenus measures Which
confident expectation that they will ultimstsy prove
wholly adequate TO all reasonable demands ordinary
expenditures for the payment OF the interest," for thee
reduction Of the public debt and that they will moreover
be establishing national credit sure foundations;
revival Of trade and industry, which by It's
healthal reaction viii In turn essentially
The sources Of revenue most promptly 70 be- made avail
able must DO sought doubtless, IN the articles row
sTpt from duty Or but Lightly taxed Nearly al these
the national income It was only when the debts
uactec IN former wars for the Establishment Of our na
tional The vadicaton Of our national
nd iurrNa Al
largely beyond any leg innate OF the government
that It was thought proper 70 remove the duties some
OF them and largely reduce the duties others That
the former charges win even more cheer
the preservation Of our national Union ana the
maintenance OF the sovereignty Of the people, Of the
EXEMPT from duty tea and etS the o. most
The Secretary most respectfully proposes to congress
thar duty Of 2sc per pound be laid brown sugar,
Of &C. per pound on ciayed sugar, Of &c. per pound
on leaf and other refined sugars OF 25Sc per pound
on the tyIup Of sugar care Of &c poao. candy
on ssn, nalass.s; and i. is ao ropased tia. s duty
OF &C. pc. connd be imp sed o. coffee, Is cents per
poSna on sasa tea ana zoe pc 20 "a on green tea.
revenue Of not lees than $40 ot0 100 annually may be
ased, while the bor'hen OF tits upon oar own
people VIII he 10 some consider 2oe degree mtg Ited by
participation the part OF egn producers without
loing here into other details Of less importance the Sec
proposed duties articles now exempt and from changed
duties en- articles pow either lightly burtbened
50 n nsayy taxed that tho tax asaOun:s
,nue TO the amount Of 81 600 600 may be an
ticpaed, and that the Improving condition OF trade
M industry warrant just expectation ths the revenue
from the duties Of the present tariff effected by the
proposed charges, viii not fall short OF $50 eco He
during the present ye.r SCI 900 ooo which nay be
adeo the sum Of 80 10 be derived from the sales
Of the public lands aud miscellaneous sources,
making the totai revenue for the year
600 While, therefore, there is every reason TO
believe that under modified tariff, when the prosperity
of not less than $50 600 GOO and probably more may
realized, It VIII be necessary, In order to sustain fully
$40 600 600 for the current year. least BY direct
or from ipterDa duties or excses or from both.
The constitution requires shat the former be appor
toned the 10 the ratio of the federal popu
laop the aiier need only be uniformed throughout the
United states The taxes on real estate, and,
perty, murt therefore be apport,oned.H Taxes
distilled liquors, bank no;es carriages and sim
lar descriptions Of property must not be higaef in one
State than the taxes on the SINE articles In smother
State
The Secretary submits to the superior wisdom OF Con-
resort shall be made 10 direct trade 10 internal duties
or boh for the supply Of The probable deficiencies Of
that portion of the pubic RESOURCES which, upon the
principles already explained, must be furnished by
ton.
The value OF The real and personal property Of the pso
pie Of the United States according cohsas OF $780,
is SIG ,92i JIG, or emitting fractions Of sixteen
thousand nrions Of dollars.
SSH and tho value Of personal property at $3.50 $780,
2S5 The proportion Of the property of both de
scrjptions in the United States, excluding
these at present under Instruction, is $4,000
75sCo9, Of which 1880, $50 SOB repre-
ser according TO the best estimates the value Of the
real and 50 80 o4 the value Of the personal proper
ty. A rate OF oe-eisth per cert I'd valorem on the
whole real md personal property OF The country, /.
voua produce gum of s2o,l2seeI; a rate Of
one hifth Of one per cent the real and
personal property OF the States not under instruction
would produce the Of s2l 500 05s and Of three
tnbs Of one per cent The rea property alone in these
States would produce s22 SCI 509-either sum being
largely excess Of the amount required.
in Of the States, the for all purposes or
State county and municipal expenditure is raised IN this
manner and the assessments OF real and personal property
levied valuations made under State authority form
ceitet2 srd convenient method OF collection.
II euoh valuations existed II all the
States, 1T would not be difficult, through the assump
ton aud pa nent by he several States CT their several
proportions Of the tax through tho cooperation Of the
CONTINUED ON FIFTH PAGE
MISCELLANEOUS.
TJYATTs LIFE BALsAM.
RHEunATYsa PAINFUL roRxs;