Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1861-01-04

points Of differences was useful lie was
willing 70 meet ell just cause Of complaint
In fair and honorable way. He contend.
cd that the attack on the men Of the North,
for action ia regard 10 the Territories, WAS
unjust for men Of ell GLASSES in the North
believed that slavery was the creature Of
| local Law. He quoted from Gen, Cass's
speech In Detroit, in 1854, against the 80
called doctrine Of equality; elso from the
speech Of Senator Hunter before the Breok-
inridge Club ct ChsrlottsVile, admitting
that the admission Of the South in regard 70
slavery had changed, and that her opinion
was against the repeal Of the Missouri
Compromise, and for the extension Of the
system. s.gt.sI
Mr.. Hunter said be never admitted
that the South held that Congress hsd the
right 10 restrict slavery In the Territories.
Mr.. Baker said he understood that gentle
men on the other side some time in their
| lives were in favor Of establishing a line
between freedom and slavery.
Mr.. BENJAMIN said thst he hsd never ad-
mitted that Congress- had any power 70 ex-
tend slavery into any TerriterY. The
| South had been in favor Of extending the
Missouri line asa matter Of compact merely.
Mr.. Baker thought We could do nothing Us
/ a matter Of compact which would violate the
Contribution. he thought if the Senator
from L0uisiana believed in conscience that
\ Congress had no right 10 exclude slavery,
/ he must have violated his oath when he
voted for such exclusion.
M. Benjamin said Congress had no
I such power under the Constitution.
Mr. Baker said an act Of Congress was
] T. vrwNa- ~ onA 70 hn
voted to prohibit slavery by certain law
when he actually believed that Congress
has no right under the Constitution to pass
such Law, did he not violate his oath
!. when be rendered such Q V0te2 He said
the Senator from Louisians, in q dfeary
catalogue complained that the Government
interfered with slavery in the South.
Mr.. Benjamin. said he did not complain
Of Congress but Of the States.
Mr. Baker vas glad 10 hear the champi-
/ on Of slavery admit that Congress had not
interfered, but that his complaints were Of
the States. How could Illinois, for in
stance, interfere with slavery in Virginia2
Mr.. Benjamin said she could not by bill,
but armed men might 90 to Virgins and
seize the United States arms and murder
peacofrl men and try 10 excite the slaves
TO revolt. A man in Msssaohusetts was
found 70 say It was right, and Massachu-
settS elected him Governor and thus en-
dorsed murder. Massachusetts had sent
Senator3 here to abuse and villify the
South.
Mr.. Baker said that vas not better
scope Of debate. BE admitted that indiVid-
uSis might stealth States There we're bad
men every where but this vas no cause for
separation and war
Mr.. benjamin said the Republican party
intend 10 surround the slave States with
free States 50 as TO force emancipation.
Mr.. Baker argued that if even that were
I 50 it was no cause for dissolution.
Mr.. Benjamin-I say decidedly, yes.
Mr. BAKER said no, and prOeesds1 to argue that 1t
waS a necessity that slavery must Be surrounded By
/ re Sentiment OF the world. he claimed that the
North were only the allies Of the South, and were
So9S 70 not FpF az & S revolt Ss h
North would Be bound to assist the soath and would
could not be c0ntTol ed In free country, free
press which great safeguard to free country.
msintsin Sisvsry. Tho great principle Of irss gov
/ srnmsnt would nsYsr be amended. Come veal, come
/ OF the FoTsrnuent Of the United States He would
not yad opa inch 70 ssoesIon, but there Esre things
| PerSopal IibertT bills Fbould the Supreme Court
| pronounce them unconstitutional.
Mr. Clay had said and be would say-yield not
ks al Z the TsrrtoTs States now, aud st the
people decide slavery, but he would never agree
ring the power be said, didn't it look a little as
though because they had lost the ofees, the South
Rreaf conhdsnce In the loyalty Of the people OF the
South. he heard loyal sentiments everywhere. AND
out the hope that with time to allow the fsFsrish
heat to eubside, the Union would Jet remain safe Il
/ The Senator from Lonisana had said thata stats
had actually secsiled, and We must acknOWledge its
Independence, and said Il was no very strange thing
fa great Government had sometimes 70 enforce laws
lie quoted the ordinance OF Gen. Jackson, in regard
Louisiana, when he asked how We would collect the
revenue; and above all let the laws be maintained
and the Union preserved. He closed with the words
| Of Webster's speech IN reply 70 Hayne.
Mr.. Douglas asked that the report Of the Commit
Il ma Dourias nroceOde to address tho Senate He
| said no act Of his public life ever gave him
50 much pain a 70 vota for the resolution.
| The COMMITTEES eonld not agoee In order to see
the real cause Of the troubles must 60 oack of the
J late elsetion- We should assume that whenevef
Congress undertook 70 apt upon slavery disc0rd and
I agitation vas sure 9 follow; when Congress let
the question alone. thera was peace. he referred
/ to the excitement when the Missouri Conipro-
mise enacted. The fearful agitation OF 1870 was
settled By the establishment Of the Compromise line.
As long e. that adjustment was carried out there
under this rule though there great eontTariety
Of opinion But no one obected because it extended
Again, California and New Mexico, were acquired
| ana the extension Of the line to the Pacific ocean
was demanded The records show that he reported as
| Chairman Of the Oommitte on Territories, resolu-
tion to extend the to the Pacific This Wasadop-
ted in the Senate but when il sent to the House
It was rejected by Northern votes That opened the
food gates Of the agitation Of lsls, which only
this question IN the Territories then We shall settle
/ it entirely. Ths abolitiouists could never have
brought the Union 70 The verge Of dissolution, but
! It was the rejection Of the extension Of that
line In 1s4s which opened the agitation. The ar
guments Of 1919 and 1870 were repeated. The
/ positions Of the North and the South were the
/ same. The purest patriots in the land were
/ alarmed, and Mr. Clay came back to the Senate
4 to see If he could not bring peace BE found no
| trouble with the Southern members, but he could
! find no support of this line in the North. The
| Missouri Line was abandoned because its friends
said they could not carry it out In good faith.
They desired to take the question out Of Congress
/ and secure the peace Of the country. At last II
was decided to leave the question to the people Of
I the Territories themselves The records show
I that he supported both compromises, and for the
same reasons Peace followed all over the eoun-
Z trY.
But in 1853 and 1854 it became necessary
to organize the Territories Of Kansas and
Nebraska. The Committee in forming the
bill determined to carry out the compromise
measuresof 1850, though they had all been
4 in favor oftke Missouri COMPROMISE as long
I long - lbeouAA ADocoEfAcuo out. AAuu anu CT
was immediately raised that they we're viO-
lsting sacred compact but the bill did
not mention tbs Missouri Compromise, but
did give the people the power Of settling
/ the question for themselves. The history Of
the Government might be divided into three
parts Before 1920 the Government admit
ted many Territories, but all vas peace
/ After the agitation Of 1920 was settled all
/ we have had continued controversy and
/ the result Of the late election has convinced
the South that Il vas the fixed policy Of the
dormant party Of the North to invade their
constitutional rights. The Senator from
Ohio Wadel admitted the existencs of this
beliefet the South, but charges tito the mis-
representations Of the Northern DemOcra-
cy. It matters not whether these evils are
-. 20 fha Goufh v-or,