Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-02-05

II
promises large crowd at the succeeding lectures
OF this course. The lecturer said that the lltera
| ture and government Of China were closely con
nected But very few understood the true char
acter OF the Chinese. Those who have only read
the superficial works OF many authors, bay,
formed high estimate OF their morality and at
tcinments; but those who have travelled through
thelr country and mingled with the people, hav,
peen painfully impressed with The enefvatnv and
deoasng characteristics OF their society Theil
literature is exceedingly pure and coGld be placed
IN the hands Of children with impunity, and many
nave been led 10 attribute great morality to the
chinese from this fact but in this they have been
mistaken, and eastern travellers are astonished al
the great difference existing between the charac.
Ter OF the people and their standard literature
Tbs 10 owing to their veneration for the teach.
ings and writings Of Confucius, which are re.
markably pure, and IL their standard literature
The Empire Of China is extended over LARGE
tefrltofy-about 900 100 square miies-but that
wnlcn Is recognized In Asia as China proper COM
pfises about 800 600 square miles. Their first
dynasty was In the DAYS Of Abraham and their
long existence as a nation is owing to the pecu
liarlty OF their language. Cut OF from other
g gov IN, ey the oceans and lofty mountains,
communication With them In any language they
have been completely isolated from ali surround
ing Influences Their language is composed Of
few Characters in imitation of the objects in
tended to represent. But as the characters in.
Creased II was found necessary to modify and
arrange these characters into classes and to allow
one character to represent a vast humber of OBJ
lects, which could only be determined by the
sense Of the sentence. The whole number of their
Characters amount 10 about 400 but out of these
some le 600 are obsolete or duplicates No more
tnan ZOO are now In use, and none Of their
scholars familiar with even that number
These different characters have no inherent or az
0ltrary sound, and many Of them are exactly ali ke
Out OF 10000 characters there are not more than
200 or 500 distinct sounds. Most of their char
acters have prefix to designate their particular
meaning, but these are arranged without any re-
gard 70 mood or tense. Their grammar is con-
nned to syntax and prosody, and their literature
yetretalns the old style Of Confucius
A Chinese otscials qualification depends upon
his knowledge of literature, and no man can at
tain to any office through the rank of his father
The lower stratum Of officers are elected bv the
people The empire is divided into eighteen
divisions, all Of which subject to the Imperial
Emperor These are again subdivided, each
subdivision governed by an officer answerable to
one still above him. The towns and villages are
divided into clans, like those of Scotland The
cnleis OF these clans meet together and elect an
Oncer, VINO rules over the general welfare of the
whole community. These Communities and clans
are tot certain extent isolated from each other by
The pecrliarities Of their language those of one
section not being able to read the characters of
another Hence they are noted for stronger love
Tor their own clan or subdivision than for the
chief government No public officer is permitted
TO rule over his own section, but is removed to
some distant part Of the empire. and they are all
Il, En-
ut. In consequence Of the isolated condition of
the various sections, much difficulty is ex perienced
In collecting taxes, officers often mourning the
dispieasnre Of the people, who rise up and kill
mem w ben this Is the case, the people imme-
diately inform the Emperor Of the fact. and re-
quest him to send another, and here the matter
ends. Since the opening of intercourse with
civilized nations they have improved rapidly,
ana philanthropists are now disseminating the
elevalinS and smelioratlng elements Of christian
ity.
SUPREME CoURT.-MoHddy.-No ~. Henry s
Fooie, plaintiff in error, agt Cyrus w Egery
at al In error to the district court of the United
states Tor the eastern district Of Texas. Mr.. JUS
ice campbell delivered the opinion Of the Court
ahrming the Judgment of the said district court
In this cause, with costs
No AZ: Thcs Nj. League, plainti a in error, agt
Cyrus w. Egery ct al. In error to the district
court Of the United States for the eastern district
OF Texas Mr.. Justice Campbell delivered the
opinion Of the Court, affirming the Judgment of
'he said district court In this cause, with costs
No. ~. VIM. Kellogg's heirs, plaintiffs in error
agt. Robert Forsyth In error 10 the circuit court
OF the United States for the northern district of
Illinois. MIR. Justice Campbell delivered the
opinion OF the Court, overruling the motion to
No. 81. Chas. F. Mayer, surviving permanent
trustee OF John Gording, appellant, set Robert
Oiiver's executors. Appeal from the circuit court
OF the United states for the district of MARYLAND
Justice Nelson delivered the opinion of the Court
reversing the decree Of the said circuit court
with costs, and REMINDING the cause for further
proceeding to be had therein In conformity to the
opinion OF this Court.
No. 81. The United States, appellants vs. Jose
Castro ct al Appeal from the district court of the
UGited states for the northern district of Califor
MIA. Mr. Chief Justice fancy delivered the
opinion OF the court reversing tine decree Of the
said district court, aud demanding the cause, with
directions to dismiss the petition of the claimants
No. %. John t. Martin, 1t al plaintiffs ir
error, VS. VIM III. Thomas ct al administrators
OF Major j Thomas deceased &c he
Inent OF this cause was continued by Mr.. Reverdy
Johnson for the defendants in error and concluded
by Mr. Ewing for the pla ntifs in error.
No. -. The Philadelphia, Wilmington and
Baltimore Railroad Company, plaintiff ifs in error
aSt Philip Quigley. In error to the circuit court
OF the United States for the district of Maryland
This cause was dismissed with costs Of the pla n
;lffs in error, on the motion by consent of the
parties
No ca. The Powhatan Steamboat Company,
plaintiffs in error, agt the AppomattOx Railroad
menced by Mr.. Schley for the plaintiffs in error
and continued by MIR. Robin On for the defendants
In error. Adjourned.
THOSE WHO ARE EXEMPT FROM MILITARY
DUrY IN THE DIsTRICT.-As there is considers bile
inquiry at this time as to who are not liable
to military duty In this District, we give below
the provisions Of the laws bearing upon this point
in the order Of their enactment
Vice President Of the United States; the officers
judicial and executive, OF the Government Of the
United states; members Of DOtn houses OF Con-
gress and their respective officers; all custom house
officers, with their clerks; all post officers and
stage drivers who are employed in the care and
conveyance OF the mail Of the Post Office Of the
United States; all ferrymen employed at any ferry
on the post roads; all inspectors Of exports; all
pilots; all mariners actually employed in the sea
service Of any citizen or merchant within the
United States; and all persons who now are, (act
1892, or may hereafter be, exempted by the laws
Of the respective States shall be, and are hereby
exempted from military duty, notwitLsta ndin 2
their being above the age Of eighteen and under
the age Of forty-fve years-Act of 1892
Artifcers and wOrkmen In the armories
Of 1900.
Every able-bodisd white male between the ages
Of eighteen and forty five years except such as
are exempt from military duty by the laws Of the
Unit States (See act of 1902 Act Of 1903.
Professors, tutors, stewards and students Of the
different seminaries Of learning In the District OF
Columbia.-Act Of 1926
CORREsPoNDENCE BETWEEN GENERAL WEIGHT.
MAN AND MAYOR BERkKr.-A spicy correspond
has taken place, II Is said between the Mayor
Of this city and General Weig htman, relative "a
the respective jurisdictions of the civil and mill
tary authorities here. IL seems that General w
wrote to the Mayor requesting to know where all
the day and night police Of this city are to be
found at certain times and season. in order that be
mig hit know where to find them in case Of emer
gency whereat Mayor took umbrage, and
wrote long and caustc reply, in which he de-
fined the position Of the Mayor the extent of the
civil authority, etc, and Informed the Majol
n No. ~ ,Es., l.. .<.A