Daily Nashville patriot. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1860-1862, 1861-11-22
From the New York Times.l -
Port Royal and Reaufort'

Port Royal Entrance is an inlet from the
Atlantic, in latitude :5S dog. s min. n, fifty
miles northwest of Cliaf'leston, and fifteen
miles northeast of Tybcc Inlet, Che entrance
of Savannah river. The opening from the
Atlantic is between Edding Island aud Hill
ton Head Island, and at that point is about
three miles wide. The prolDngation Of Port
Royal Entrance is called Broad River and
Port Royal River. Running up this for
about twenty-five miles, bending eff east
ward through the CooSaw river, and coming
cut to the Atlantic again through st. iiele-
IA Sound, ! Ou ilasc ah lrlVgui.Jr saya of
about twenty-five miles by fifteen. This am
phibeous region is cut up by numerous ri
vers, creeks and inlets. into a great many
islands sea islands Of various sizes, the
chief of which arc Port Royal, '.St. He
Lena" Paris, . " Ladies', ..Coosaw, -
ssMorgan," g 'Dathaw," 'sEdding," Chap
lin, - ..Prentiss'' and ''Hunting."
Along the coast of South Carolina, as in
North Carolina and Georgia, stretches low
and narrow sand bar-a kind of defensive
outwork of the land, seldom inhabited ex-
cept by lost Indians or runaway negroes,
who subsist by hunting and fishing, At
distant intervals there are shallow breaches
through which the quiet tide steals in twice
day, swelling the natural lagoons, and
damming the outlet of a fresh water stream
till the current is destroyed and turned
back, and their food dispersed far and wide
over the debatable land of the Cypress
Swamp. Then, when the heavy rains in
the interior have swollen the rivers, their
eddying currents deposit all along the edges
of the sandy islands and capes the rich
freight they have brought from the calcer-
eous granitic mountains in which they
rise, with the organic waste of the great
forests through which they flow. This is
the soil of the rice and cotton plantations,
which are always found in such parts of the
tidal swamps adjoining the main land or the
sandy islands as are left nearly dry at the
ebb of the water.
The entrance to Port Royal is the best
channel for ships though the bars in the
whole range of ports below Norfolk
Blunt's Coast Pilot gives the following di-
rections for entering.
Steering for Port Royal harbor, the
course, after taking bearings, is due west
for St Michael's Head, within fifteen leagues
of which win be found from twenty 10
twenty-five fathoms water. Land is made
in clear weather at distance of six leagues,
in twelve fathoms water. Port Royal En-
trance is known by small grove of trees,
which stand on the west side of it, and tow
er above all the other trees like high
crowned hat; hence this grove is called the
Hat of Port Royal The entrance to Port
Royal is between wo immense breakers--one
on the north called Cares Care, the other to
the southwark called Martins Industry; be.
tween these two breakers lies the entrance
of the channel into Ports Royal Harbor,
which is abont a mile wide. Continue to
steer as aforesaid, between the two break
ers. until you bring Phillips Point to bear
ofo L. r..
will have, az you proceed, 8, s and Z faith
oms water. When you are abreast of Phil,
lips Point, give it small birth, and steer
up N, and w, ", in 6 and fathoms; in
the latter depth you may anchor-very Safe
harbor''
Ships which draw Ii or 10 feet water.
may go in at Tybee and proceed through
land TO Beaufort in Port Royal 1alands; aud
from Beaufort, vessels of or feet water
may go through land TO Charleston From
Charleston. vessels drawing or feet wa
Ter, may go through land to the river Med
way, IN Georgia. which lies so miles south
of Savannah. On this coast il is observed
that northeast, easieriy and southw est winds
cause higher tides than other winds, and
also somewhat alter their course At Port
Royal entrance thefid flows, on the change
and full days Of the maon, at ~ clock
-Apout SiA iedSueS from the -lald, IN twelve
fathoms wafer, the food sets strongly totho
soutlward. aud the ebb 10 ahe norahwavd
farther of from the shore theresis no tide at
aliso Near.-to the entrapc of the haTbor
there is a strong iniraught during hefioOd
tide, and an outset with an ebb-titie.sezz
Within Port Royal entrance, even over
the. bar, there are three and halfsfathoms
water or twcnty-one feet, and probably
twenty.seyen feet at high tide. sassss
zsssVesseis that enter Port Royal Sound,
says the Coast Survey Report. 1859, .swin
find in the Colleton River, at the neck and
at its confluence with the Checkessee, q Ca
pacious, completely protected and accepta-
Bile anchorage in fromsfour to seven fathom