The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1861-01-18

ell new system, which while il re,a;ned q
few Of the features of the Confederation .,
far as the lim'ed independence of the S,s,sa
was concerned, was materially different.
| particularly in that the people them,,ir,,
as a people, instead of Sintes. became mar,
ties 10 it. "A league Of States was turned
into government Of the people. 1t was
necessarily made to embrace great variety
| of particulars in order 10 acknowledged
! Interests. or opinions Of Interests, OF the
Safes whose several peoples became parties
TO II, and II involved the necessity oil spirit
! OF accommodation to the reasonable exptc-
tahonS OF the people. aud of moulding sud
arranging the particulars winch composed
| the whole IN manner to satisfy so far as
| possible, all the parties TO it. Ii was made
not for the benefit OF any State; to CRAFTY
any whim, caprice, or passion; To pauGer 10
any local influence, or 10 protect or foster
any local interest.
! In the one case the states made the az
ticles OF confederation for the States them>
selves. In the other case. the people OF the
! United States ordained. aud established
our present Constitution, :" for the Uniied
States Of .4nerica.'
In the one case, the states entered into
| league OF friendship with each other. for
| their COMMON defense. the security Of their
! liberties. their mutual and general welfare
| binding themselves TO assist each other az 81
| all force offered 10 or attacks made upon
| them &C.
In the other case. The people of the On.
| tied States, III order 10 form n more perfect
! Union, establish justice. ensure domestic
| tranquility, provide Tor the common defense,
! promote the general welfare, and secure the
| blessings Of liberty to themselves AMI their
| posierity, ordained and established this con,
sttntioa for The United States Of America"
Here hre the d forent purposes avowet in
the organization Of the two systems Of gov
eminent. One ooking particularly to the
benefit and interest of the states, and III.
other more 10 the protection of the rights
of the people Under the new system, the
people delegated certain powers. by the con>
stiution. particularly enumerated, to be
solely exercised by The General Government
! Of the United States. AT the same time
they declared that 1.-THE enumeration in the
| Constitution OF certain rights. should not be-
! construed to denv or diSDarase others retain.
ed by the people also that the powers
not delegated to the United States BY the
! Constitution nor prohibited by it, TO tho
| STA es are reserved 10 the states respectively
| or 10 the people
| Here are absolute grants sDd positive re-
! serratlonS, with the clear declaration thai
| by the enumeration OF certain rights in the
| constitution conferred upon General Gov
| ernmoni, there should be no construction
that they denied or disparased any of the
| rights not enumerated. but retained by them.
| Whilst they gave up certain rights and con-
| terred or delegated certain powers, they did
| not give up all nor did they in set terms
j reserve all that were reserved but ir their
delegation and reservation assumed that
! Their: We're other rights than those enumera>
tel which were not To be denied or dispar-
! aged The same being retained by the people
| themselves. 81 The powers held, and t. DO
| ex -rci>ei, by what we call the General Gov
ernment, are only those expressly delegated,
or such implied powers as become absolute
| ~ necessary 10 be used IN the exercise OF
| delegated powers. The government takes
nothing hnt what the Constitution gives it
an the States respectively. and the people
part with nothing-ose Iothing-but what
they have in express terms given away
| The United States are sovereign and indie
| pendent IN the exercise Of de egaleG powers
and the states "ni the people sovereign aud
| independent in the exercise Of all reserved
=
| The government Of each state belongs to the
peopl: of tint state. The government Of
| the United States belongsto the people of
the ULicd States. The people OF each state
| may mould and control the civil and politi-
cal institutions pertaining peculiarly TO itself
! aud SO .ong as they do not act in conflict
with the Constitution oil the United States
may change their systems rs they please,
.,,t, ~, 4 ~
! The people Of he United States alone can
change the character 81 the General Govern.
meut. The General Government cannot
| change the character OF q State Government
or usurp or exercise any power over it not
| delegated. Dor can any state, or the people
| of any one state change the character OF the
| United States Government, abridge lis pow~
erS. or add anything 10 them restrict or
| increase its jurisdiction or authority, impair
any OF its rights. violate its constitutional
| laws or disturb its integrity and Wilderness.
Each State has the power, within its own
! Jurisdiction, a. il IS lis duty, to protect the
| right Of persons and property of its citizens;
and the citizen Of any one State sojouraing
| m any other State as citiz II OF the United
| States, has right TO be protected in his per-
son by the government Of the United States
! in the exercise aud enjoyment OF all the pri-
| vlleges and mmunItIes which belong to him
! under the Constitution, which is the common
| charter and shield Of the whole people.
The government Of the United States is
Federal il ii limited sense, so far as in the
exercise Of its powers it operates upon tho
political bodies called States, in their polti.
cal cap Icity. But so far "a it operates up,
on the people in their individual capacities,
! in its ordinary and essential proceed ngs, il
! is purely National, though limited in its IN,
! risdiction. The governments, both Of the
/ several States aud of the United States, are
| imviClable within their distinct spheres
! The people uct, make aud uumake constitu-
] tiOns and laws. by processes known only TO
| the CONSTITUTIONS of the several States or
| the United States. The government is one
| OF law aud not Of force and there 10 no rev.
dictionary element in its character. The
| Constitution tells US how it may be changed
eud tells Us the only peaceable mode of chan
ging it. 1t tells us how boundaries and ter
rtorIal jurisdiction may be extended and en-
larged 1t gives power to Congress to adj
nit new States but no po,oer TO turn one
out. BY virtue Of its complete sovereignty
and independence as against all the other
nations OF the earth, aud az a power neces-
sarlly incident to government, it may acquire
new territory 10y treaty, by conquest or by