The Tipton advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa) 1856-1962, 1861-12-05
EMANCIPATION-No. I.
EIayti.

/ Hayti.
ellis opinion and NOT truth" said
Sir Walter Raleigh, .that traveleth the
world without passport" Did We wish
for any proof Of this, we might End it
| 10 the gross errors Of opinion current on
tho most important topic Of the hour
Emancipation. Few know the facts,-
Everybody vents his opinion. Instead Of
seeking to know the history Of negro
slavery, and Of its termination in those
places where it is now happily ended, our
editors and orators take refuge in the
worn out common places about "n,istakcn
philanthropy, "blind fanatics" "hor.
rors of St. Domingo etc. Sidney Smith
said he never liked to read book until
he had reviewed it. because reading was
ap, to bias his mind. Our would be lead.
ers Of opinion are careful not to be biased
by any acquaintance with tho facts,-
they are idealists Of the first water, and
as deducsive as Mr.. Buckles Scotch
men.
We propose in series Of papers to cx.
anime this matter by the Fight of histo.
ry, that We may lelrn what expsrienee
really teaches.
Negro Slavery is older than the disco.
very Of America, though its rsp!d growth
is connected with the settlement OF the
new continent Spain and Portugal were
the first nations OF Europe to engage in
the slave trade, and the Spanish colonies
in America first saw the experiment OF
negro slavery tried on large scale. His
paniola, the present lloyti, was tile first
land to behold emancipation, as it had
been the earliest to endure the unhappy
experiment. In 1898, the slaves Of the
French portion of the Island, half NIL
lion in number, were set free by an order
of the French commissioners, Snotbanax
and Powered. What was the cause, and
! what the nstqnence Of this act ! .....
The French revolution, beginning in
1888, had shaken the social system Of the
French colonies as well as Of all the ma
,ions of Europe. The white planters
ouarrelled, some siding with the king,
some with the republic The mulattoes,
numerous and wealthy, had claimed and
received privileges from the Natiornl
Assembly which the naughty whites
| would not cppcede; hence arose civil war
| between the lnulat,oes and the whites
! A, first the slaves, though so numerous
and so cru'lty treated, toek no part. But
the emmissaries Of the Count d AriQis
aud the Spaniard-, aided by an invinci
bl, love of freedom in every breast, Al
last brought the instruction of l79l.-
/ Tho5ands of whites aud tens of thousands
# blacnas were slain, but general emsnci,
patton did not ,an. place. The insurrec-
ton overspread but a small part OF the
Island; the leaders in it took the pay Of
the Spanish King, and even engaged
themselves in the slave trade Two years
later, when the cause Of the republic
seemed lost on the Island, attacked as
the Republicans were, By the planters,
By the Spanish and by the English from
Jamaica, the French commissioners, as
last resort, military necessity set
free the slaves, and called them to the
army of the republic From that mo.
ment success followed the French flag
Toussaint L'Ouvcrture, n great general
and wise statesman, though an enamel
pa,cd negro, eft the service OF Spain,
and became the leader Of black armies
under the tri color Neither Carnot Eor
Napoleon. .'organized victory" in Europe
more brilliantly than Toussaint in st.
Domingo. In 1896 he was appointed
lieutenant governor of the Island; in
| 1893 he expelled the last enemy Of the
French, During the five years that FOL
lowed emancipation St. Domingo suffer
ed the horrors Of war, but no worse than
Flanders, and Italy, and LA Vendee at
the same period Emancipation did not
increase these horrors.
For . year or two longer Toussa'nt
carried on war with the mulattoes, and
finally pacitied the whole Island. lie
then devoted his genius for organization
70 the establishment of his famous Code
! Rural, which, so long as it lasted, was
the most successful solution of the din
cultes in the way of emancipation, ever
vet attempted any whore. This negro,
himself freed slave, brought back the
whole laboriny class OF freed slaves from
the enforced idlencss Of civil war to the
faithful service Of their old masters =
They worked for pay, but the, worked
as we'll as under the whip Of the oyerscer.
Prosperity returned to the dec'mated
Island Her trade increased wonderful.
ly; her people were strictly governed,
but they were happy, and they were ris-
ing in civilization. Property was safe /;
the justly odious whites we're respected,
and allowed to enrich thens.lv For
IA year or two this almost fabulous pros.
peri,y continued, till the vanity and the
ignorance Of Nspo'con--ao entire 'gno'