The Burlington weekly hawk-eye. [volume] (Burlington [Iowa]) 1860-1876, 1861-12-07

i
spring. 81 aAa Sd
~ From savanah. So ~
s 8AvAHxAH, Nov %. = h1aperso Of this morn- !
Ing state that Fort Pulaskiyesterday threw
few shot and she'll at the caip Of FederaIs on /
Tybee Island, which caused Bull Run stam-
pede to safer quarters
There ere now six Union sssels inside the
bar and FIVE outside. Ii
Excitement AZ Chaaeseon.
NEW YoRK, Dec. 3.-Mr. Mtterfcld. mate
Of the brig Granada, who has been prisoner
:. Charleston, arrived and repGts the forts o.
sne sAeFs and the Phoenix Islahdso,.ra'v. wy.
ated snd n,Sn up on Nov, I2,A;. orea.c.eso
nens ptevaea - rlesten anu ms 1880 n"'
Ing the city. The Mayor was il favor OF sur
rendering and so were the people, generally.
but the Governor said II must beburned.
The Course OF England nnt Franco I'm
! Reference 20 the Acbel1On.
By EDWARD EvERETr
Az American Affairs are now attncting great |
attention in Europe, to the course which may |
be pursued by the leading Enropan powers
With reference to the unnatural rebellion of the
South. is a subject of no little interps on this
aide or the water The Government of the
United States does not expect their co-opera-
ton; it has stc right to expect their sympathy.
II has right to expect, in the interest Of all
stable government, in the interest OF truth and
right. and Of common humanity, that the en-,
;iehtcned Governments of Europe, which have
intimate relations with this country, should, as
far as the law Of nations permits, disconntenance
and frown upon the attempt which is now
making to destroy its national existence. OF
the Eve great powers Of Europe, Austria, We
sieve. has not expressed herself On the sub.
J.oI The generous and enlightened view Of the
saa 49,, Ten by the Russian Government
~ s,; is e.,I;sr Of my last paper Prussia,
stantially to the same ehe.. The course to be
pursued by the French and Engllss Govern
ments, with whom our relations are moro init
mate, and whose policy, as it may be friendly
or hostile to the United States, would affect Us
more directly, has not been SO distinctly indi
Gated.
In the haste with WHICH the British Govern.
ment announced an entire absence OF preference
between the two parties to the struggle, and an
Intention to recognize the Confederacy as beNig-
esents, the American people have certainly been
disappointed. That the rebellion had its origin
IN slavery is jnst as certain as that the war of
the American REVOLUTION had ats origin in the
claim OF the British Ministry of light to tar
America. At,empts.aye been made abroad to
throw doubs upon this point, and to make tho
manufacturing interests Ct France and England
believe that the protective lolicy and not slave
ry IS the cause Or the war. We in this country
know better: we know that trough the public
mind at the South has at times bees irflamed on
the subject or the tariff, yet that it awavs + od
friends there that the culture of cois,n WAC
originally introduced under the operation &C =
protecting dnty; that the sugar culture wa' not
only introduced but sustained by protectiOn;tbat
the high duties at the close of the war Of BIZ
were enacted under the influence of the Leading
Southern members of Congress; and that The
dscontcnt Of the South on this subject, fomat-
ed by ambitious men, had eliminated and yielod
to constitutional modes of adjustment genoa
ton ago. Even when it seemed most ominos
of mischief, in the days of notification, V
Z knew, in the language Of President Jackson
May, 1S33,-himself no friend of high prote-
tion-that " the tariff was but the pretext; tht
disunion ami Southern Confedcracy was tn
real object" We did not then know with wha
prophetic foresight it was added by him, tina
the next pretext will be the negr, or SLAYER
question" 1
The point, in fact, may be allowed to rest or
the administration Of the Vice. President Of TIKI
Southern Confcderacy; that their Constitution
rests upon slavery as the cornerstone. In hi
speech at Newcastle on-the-Tyne on the 9th o
+ October, Earl Russell, while remarking that tn,
two parties are now contending not upon th,
suUJeCt VI Tue SiaScfy question:, AUS, = tnOuSI
4 that, believe, is the original cause of the con
flict." He afterwards (as reported) explains hi
meaning to be, that one party is contending TO
Empire, and the other for powell If it is in
tended by this that the United States are strug
Cling to maintain the sovereignty of the UnioI
against wicked rebellion, prompted by the as
pirat0ns for power of certain disappointed
Southern politicians, las affirmed by the Confed
crate VicePresident twelve month since,) thu
remark is just, but it is not the less true, tina
those leaders have been able to rally the South
mainly on the subject of slavery. Every othcl
subject Of irritation of which there have been
several, Qor it is ever the craft of demaeogues
to turn everything into grievance,) has beer
and is merely an auxiliary. The rebellion has
been brought about by ambitious men aspiring
to power who have succeeded by years Of agita
ton, in in6aming the public mind on the sub
ject of slavery.
The English language could not express the
truth more Clearly or more tersely than it was
done by Gen. Jackson, in the words already
quoted: "The tariff was but a pretext; Dis
union and Southern Confederaey are the real
objects; the next pretext viii be the negro sa.
very question:"
Such being the case, the Government and
loyal people of the United States expected, and
had right TO expect, the warm sympathy OF
England. While our fathers were subjects Of
the British crown, they we're fortified in their
growing aversion to slavery by the anti slavery
element which developed itself with strength
and rapidity in England. in the last third of the
eighteenth century. When the slaves Of the
Northern States before and during the revolu-
ton, brought actions against their masters for
assault and battery, and for wages due for labor,
the greatest stress was laid by the counsel en-
ployed to defend these actions, on The doctrines
inculcated by Lord Mansfield in Sommersetts
case. In imit.tion of the societies formed in
England for the abolition of the slave trade
4 similar associations were formed lere. Gran.
vile Sharp was in correspondence With leading
men in this country. Mr.. Jefferson wrote let
ter to DR.. Price, thanking him for The publica-
ton of an anti-slavery pamphlet.
The speeches Of Wiiberforce found their way
into our school-oooks; the public opinion in
America, which began by following, WIS notlong
behind that OF England on this subject, and in
forming the Constitution of the Uniteo States a
provision for the prospective of the African
slave trade was Incorporated into the funda-
mental law. The suppression Of this traffic, with
the prohibition of slavery in the Territories of
the United States-a measure at that tine an.
proved by both sections Of the country-would,
it is believed, at no distant period, resultin the
total abolition of slavery, to which the parrots
and statesmen of America, South az wai as
North, looked forward as consum matio, de.
voutly to be wished for.
Notwithstanding these circumstances, couIled
with the facts that slavery had been originally
planted in the country under British AUTHORITY
and that the colonial cnactments against tie
| African slave trade had been persistently nega
lived by the crown, the continued existence OF
slavery in the United States was the theme of
| never failing denLnciation in England On oil
| occasions for the discussion of the State of so.
ciety in this country; in all the vehicles of pub
lie sentiment; in all the literary and political
journals, alike the Liberal and the Conservative,
as much in the Edinburgh rs in the Quarterly
Review; in Parliament and in Exeter Hall, the
existence of slavery in'the United States was
the favo-itc topic Of censure, often bitter and
unspa-ing, especially after it's abolition in the
British Colonies - ~
Not content with the usual agencies by which
public opinion is Influenced, and by laying the
entire literature of our common language under
contribution for this purpose, able speakers and
practical agitators were sent across the Atlantic
to carry the war against slavery 'fnto Africa;n-
while domestic libels on public men in the Uni.
ted States, guilty Of conservative opinions, were