The Kenosha telegraph. [volume] (Kenosha, Wis.) 1860-1888, 1861-11-07
.gGRTCUE TURaH.
Fall management Of Grnpe Vines

management Oh GEHhPC
The month of November, after the leaves nave
faIIos off is the best time to prune vines Ihere Is
no difference of opinion at all on this point with en-
erieaced grape growers and it must be done IN the
fall to succeed well in grape culture
The principle should be fully understood, the
frt Of next year is to grow from shoots from canes
Of th,s seasons grouth. Not one person IN iouf
who has grape vines on his premises, seems TO un-
dergand this important fact. They have read about
in the agricultural papers, but they pa2 mite at
tention 10 it, and seldom or never acted upo II III
pruning their vines.
can say but little on this occasion, Tor want %
snoee, and to do full justice to the subject "o"l1
reoujre several pages Of the paper but IN Drlel 81
laot the hest canes of this years growth tor irut
ing next season, and cut out all the old wood pro
vided you have new wood enough that grows out
near the base of the vine If the new wood consists
Of zaterals-that is the side canes or shoots OF ola
wood YOU should simply leave enough OF these
laterals to bear fair crop next year, and cut DICK
all the rest to one eye The true system ls to cut
back every other shoot, so that the new wood OF
uezt year may be produced from the eyes lett up
on the canes thus cut back. This ID the reHe'cat
system, which is practiced well upon side spurs
and canes as on those that grow from the base OF
the vine
Itmatters not how you train your vines, wheth-
er to trellses, stakes or otherwise, this renewal
system must be adopted in pruning, because no
one cane, shoot or spur, erer bears fruit but one
season.
The month of Move Gber Is also the time to gath
or cuttings to set in the following spring Let
them be of well matured wood ofthis years growth
lbut older wood will grow,) and cut them from II
to 10 inches long, with from two to four eyes, &C
cordng to the length of the joints and if you have
but a few, they may be safely kept in the cellar
packed in q box in layers with sand or garden
mould, spread among them compsctly, so as to ex'
clude the air. The sand or the mould should con
tain Just nough moisture to prevent the cuttings
from drying. Sand is recommended by horticul-
turists but find that the soil Of my garden does
just as well as sand; and simply lay my cuttings
upon, the surface of the soil in layers and cover
them with earth lhaVng too many to put INTO my
celarJ and they are preserved in excellent condi-
ton.
And now let me advise ali grape growers north
of the latitude of the city of New York, to lay
down their vines in winter matter what kind
they may be, as our severe winters are making sad
havoc with every kind Of vine in this State ard
New England and in some parts Of the West -
This should be done in November, soon after prun
ing the vines. Simply dig a trench with hoe,
two or three inches deep. The cost is mere moth
ing, and the vines will come out in the spring in
fine condition II left covered, in this latitude till
April goth or May st they fruit just as as if
taken up earlier, and the severe changes of wealth
er that sometimes occur IN April are thereby rem
dered harmless-GeaeSSee Farmer.
Growing Grapes by EEorse-Power.-A
writer in the Canadian Agric~lturist has written
himself into notice as the representative of large
class who labor without stopping to think, who
adopt modes recommending without first deter
mining whether they applicable to their cir
cumstances ana the condition OF soil and climate,
where they are to operate This correspondent
has seen horse power strongly recommended
in the production Of grapes He tried it as fol-
lows. Let the reader receive the lesson:
"Having selected we'll sheltered spot some sixty
by eighteen feet, it was dug perhaps thirty inches
deep. At the bottom were laid one hundred twen-
ty bushels of bones, to obtain which, the boys with
laudable zeal secured two towns Ups. On these
were placed several horses, and 10 keep them com
pany, prize bull and span of oxen. On these
again were deposited road scrappss, sand and
black mould fourteen inches in depth, This hav
ing been eveIed, all was ready for planting -
Such was Mr.. Roberts prescription. he vines
were obtained. Black Hamburgs Black st. Pc
tiers, Zinfndel, Royal Muscadine, Golden Chas-
sellas, Pitmaston, White Cluster, Macr eady's
Early White, Red Frontiguac and Tokay. They
grew the first season malvelGusly. BY the Au-
tumn, the canes were long and stout, and bid fair
to bear all that it was prudent to admit them to
do. The following season they were lifted, wash
ed, and carefully pruned tbinned and trained
They bore abundantly; many beautiful punches,
beGetiSul for size and color, rewarded the expen-
diture of toll and expense, but the next season,
the third, in which l looked for large and remu-
nerating crop, what came then! Then when the
roots had fairly reached the sJdden mass, and
their tender extremities were scorched and burnt.
then mildew oversproad them all. There were
no EXCEPTIONS Isabeilas Catawbas, and the little
hardy black cluster which were treated in the
same manner, one and all, presented mass of
blackened foliage and widowed fruit. This was
raising grapes by horsepower with vengeance
| know better now. No fresh horse goes into my
border to force an unnatural growth and then to
burn the delicate fbres just as they stretched out
to seize offered nourishmeut Not that the pos
sessionof one or many such calcases is not desir-
able, but before applying them, they should be
cOveq ed with mould, and suffered to decay such
mould, will indeed, be rich, ard if applied to the
plant in small quantities at II time, will nOurish
il and cherish it to its hearts content
81 tell you all this, reader, in confidence. l
have never told it before. / cannot now wonder
at the wry faces of those who beheld my prepara-
tons, nor at their small asseverations, that they
would ever eat gaapes raised by such a method,
Alas, they never had the chance"
-s-s s-
Application OF Esamure.-It is worth about
double, if applied in autumn and spread on the
surface and worked in in spring. especially if pre-
ceding corn Heavy crops of corn have been raised
by spreading the manure on grass before winter,
and after the grass has begun to spring up green
and vigorous the next spring, t. turn it under to
moderate depth, and plant, Drawing it out in win
ter, as it accumulates, auswera good purpose. The
application to wheat in autumn has been already
spoken of Compost heaps for this purpose may
be made on the intended wheat field the previous
spring, by thin alternating layers of manure and
soil. In all instances when manure is pluwed un
der, 1t should be first well narrowed after spread
ing, to break 1t line and intermix it well with the
soil In some instances its value is thus doubled.
1t is the fine diffusion with the soil that renders
autumn manurlng so valuable, the soluble and en-
riching parts soaking through every particle of
soil In large Jumps, manure cannot be of much
use and IN dry seasons it thus INJURIES while, fine,
" intermixed, it prevents the the bad effects of
drought.-C0uRty Gentleman.
-s =e
WHAT FARMER CAN AND CANNOT AFFORD
"A farmer can not afford TO sign notes for man
in trade.
A farmer can not afford 70 purchase articles OF
luxury because 4 city or village friend mo better
off" than himself, has done the same.
A farmer cannot offOrd TO contract debts, unless
he has reasonable expectations Of having ample
means to defray the same