davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1861-12-08
THE WINTER CAMPAIGN AND THE CON.
TENDING ARMIES

from the Richmond knqufer, Pee. 81
One Of the greatest Of popular deusons is that OF sup
posing winter campaigning AZ the south be a feasible
thing The North have hal to abandon many Taiacioua
notions ana to sustain many Christening disapp1toptg
since the beginning Of the but this idea ag making
long marches through the South in mdwptsf Is ono
which they still cling 70 with great fonness ana Which
is destined to lead them into much gries II
has been said that "going into winner quar-.
tersu is obsolete and exploded idea IN
Europe and perhaps 1t Is so In these modern times wi en-
the roads that whole continent have come to excel
the best strcos Of American cities in inencss and
excellence perhaps s in donssly populated Europe
where every square mile OF territory has proy for
regiment, and where thorough system OF agriculture
can supply q moderate army with provisions at every
step OF its progress The necessity OF gong into winter
qaters has ceased in Europe only because their roads
avo been brought to perfection, their population has be-
denser, and their agriculture has rendered every
Of surface prolific of human ard animal food But
very different is the case on this continent.
A winter campaign ~ the North would be far more
practicable than at the South compared with those of
Europe, their roads are indifferent but the continual
frost Of winter renders them as 6rm as q pave.
ment Tho winter too, is more intensely cold than
at the South but the low temperature continuous and
there Is the constant dryness Of atmosphere, Which
freezing weather Produces continuous Ice and frost
more pronticus to army health and transportation than
alternate rains SHOWS, thaws and freezes &C. Invasion
OF the North IN winter, therefore, would be compare
lively feasible performance, rendered so by the
The New York herald., 1861-12-08

Phiio vosburgh bs Ensign. November "a fsaf vic.
h H. Joues, pr0moted. - N' ~
THIRTY rrGruxrr
Lieutenant James H. 0'Bcrne to No Carso,r Ncu.r,
Der q, ls6l, vics Michael Doran disxbsrced '0a
Lieutenant John ! Mcdonnell bo captain. NovemSer
., ISVl, vice John Kaynnsgh, DISCHARGED -
Lieutenant Richard larry 10 be saptnln Novsroh.
1891, vice Michael Murphy, discharged - o' -
Lieutenant ten, Antnony J. Iesman % be Csptan Novcm
Ensign Patrick Il jones to be Adjutant, November 4
1851, vice c. Murphy, discharged -
Johnathan w. Barley TO be Lieutenant goycmbera A
1851, vics J. r. o'Rerneg promoted. -
oarencsG Harmon 10 be Lieutenant, November 4
1851 vice J. Il, Mcdonnell promoted. -'
Ensign J1mes Keean to be Lieutenant, November 4
1901 vico X. Barry, promoted.
William G. Green 70 De Ensign. November A. 1861 vice
rriyate John Massey to be Ensign, November a. 1861
vice James Kecfan, promoted
Ensign JameS Henry to be I5eutenant Nova,,ha- 4,
1861, vice A. u Degnan, promosed >
THIRTY EI6HrH REGIMENT. NG
Lieutenant Charles e Newton 10 be Qqarterm No.
vembcr 8, 1851, vice Charles J. Murphy, resigned.
cobnr anc's laas - DO Ensign, idly 1861, vice j. H.
Frederick Owen to Be Ensign, November 49, 1891 vice
Ensign Francis b. Lane to be Lieutenant September IA
1851 vice A. Roberts, promoted. -
Ensign Joseph B. Care to be lieutenant, November s.
1861 vice G +. Newton promoted.
sergeant Walter Scott 70 be Ensign, September H. 1891
vice +. b. Lane, promoted
Sergeant Frederick ID. Arhorse be T1spn November
s, 1851, vice J. b. Clarke, promoted
FORTIETla REGIMENT.
First Lieutenant James ". George TO SeCaptain Sep
tember %, 1851 vice Frank J. Foster resigned
First Lieutenant George Woodward to De Captain No.
vember 4, 1861, vice J. G. BuHe, discharged.
frstLicutenant Thomas B. Riley to be Captain Novem.
Der 4, 1851, vice H E. Gotlieb discharged
Second Lieutenant George 3 Carse 10 se First Lieu.
tenant september %, 1851 ycs W. George promoted
Henry ". Hubbel, Jr., to Do Second Lieatenant No
vember 80, 1881, viceJ E. Mallcs, promoted.
John Horn 70 be First Lieutenant, November A, 1861,
vice George Woodward, promoted
George NJ Bennett to be First outenant Nevember L.
1851, vice 7. B. Riley promoted.
FORTY-THIRD REGIMENT.
First Lieutenant Samuel J.. Bridgeford TO Se Cdptsin
November ., 1851, vice saac Van Slyke, resigned.
Tho persons hereby promoted and appointed will i'm
edaey report for duty at the headquarters Of their re-
spcctive regiments. -
BY order of'the Commander in:C :Chix.
tVfrcIAL.1 THo. HILLHoESE,
Adjutant General
CORRECTION.
N General Orders No no, issued from these head
Quarters, November IL 1861 the nameo T. D. Mosscross
appears among the promotions in tho Tuth regnssnt Il
shruld road Z. II. Mosscrop.
The New York herald., 1861-12-08
STRANGE BUT TRUE NARRATIVE.
MIRACULOUS ESCAPE OF MAJOR X. v. wHALEY rRou
TUE JENyYNs CAvAIpy


From the Wheeling IntelIigencer, Dec. 81
Major X V. Whaley member Of Congress frum the
Wayne district, Of whose arrest by the jenkins oevay,
at the attack tho village Of Guyandote and Subsequent
escape mention has been made reached the city yester
day from Ceredo. II would be hard inven. piece of
fiction to surpass in the strangencss Of its dc Major
Whaleys simple and truthful story Of his escnpe from the
rebels jenkins and Clarkson attacked GuyApdoe with
twelve hundred cavalry and after captnrn ng the place
intended to make an attack upon Ceredc, but de-
tered by the approach OF steamer to be hr
rying troops Whaey's rescue. The rebels nnmbe "a
in all fourteen hundred but two hundrG were left poo
the road to the retreat Of the main body a0r
Whaiey taken prisoner in the streets Of GuyG ldoto
~ the notorious Henry Clay Pate, Of Kansas not rstv
commonly known Mud Head, who ID now CT ptain Il
jenkins Cavalry regiment. As Major Whaley and the
charge Of the cavalry some twenty secession women an
peared in the streets their secession apr ms and
duged in demonstrations OF rejoicing, although thoy haA
previous TO that time Some oS thp men Of the place
who had been treated with freat kindness BY Major
Whaiey and men, also exuiasd the capture and
some it is said fred from the windows Of their houses
uuon our poor little besieged sTfrison.
nt in the fields shofs chem, rs that would be tn
ntely preferable TO the SLOW torture which they were
upo horses and 1ged to get along without SO much
suffering and fatgpS. During Monday, Jew, by the
name OF Reekman ertook the cavalry and informed the
commander that COLONEL Zegler had killed several OF the
sscessonss ID nyandotc, and fired the town. This 50
enrsged tho rsr els that they rushed may upon WhaIey
and his men. crying, skH the id abolition sconn-
drels and - was only through the exerons Of Colonel
Carkson who seemed to be second in command that tha
lives OF No prisoners were preserved.
On T>esday they marched distance OK twenty miles.
and stopped at point near Chapmansvsle At this point
tho Avalry separated and moved In different directions
for the purpose OF gathering corn leaving Major Whaiey
IN charge OF Captain Wichers company the rest being In
the front and in the rear Night coming on Major Wha-
lev after hanging M his coat and hat by the Are TO dry
went TO bed in another with Captain Wicher. ln
this room there eight mon, one Of whom acted as
guard About three O'Clock in the morning iaior whal
The New York herald., 1861-12-08
THE REBEL CONGRESS.

From the Richmond Examiner, Dec. 81
The Congress of the confedcracy rcassemhes andthe
Legislature OF Virginia meets to-day With thu n.st Of
these bodies FAMILIAR despite the secresy Of its
secessns the character OF the Congress Is well known
The business to be transacted by II scarcely be est
mated Al is read importance The fate Of millions now,
energy Of its action. IT adjouraea in days
q danger, it meets amid dangers which
are certainly yet moro serious. any Parlla-
mentary Assembly existed IN which there
should be neither faction party II is
certainly this The worst might be purified
tbe most prcsumptogs reblSedby looking the storm
that this Congress has to stem AMI weather Surely all
good people viii say Sincere amen to the prayer that
their chaplain will offer this day the Almighty Ruler
that He will socn!ighten thcr minds with wisdom and in
spre tn II hearts with virtue that their may preserve
this nenaceds country from caa y and lead It's peope
through their troubles TO ali ase OF peace order and mde
/ pendence.
The character OF tho Legislature has been long un
known. Frequent applications from this journal to the
Secretary Of the Commonwealth have made known the
that the disturbance Of the state dunE this year have
been great that few returns Of elections have been
made the Executive, and consequently list Of
members could be made until they brought the evidence
OF election here 70 Richmond in their pockets This
said to have been the rst time since Virginia Vr-
| gnia that such thing has occurred
The Legislature is now, however, known TO be one
OF the strongest bedes the State has produced long
taton which tho Convention contained, but IL has
| much Of the real sense aud effective
ability Of the country There is TO hope that there
sufficient judgment and nerve in this Legislature to put
stop the squanderngs Of the treasury by the fxecu
tive and TO end, at and for ever a the schemes
now vogue for erecting In Virginia military and
system in rivalry and opposition to that of the COME
defacy. This Legislature must elect the rst
this State TO the Congress OF tho Southern c0nederacy
and there is reason IN the composition OF the body "a
indulge the pleasing supposlon that it is capable Of
choosing two living men, aud that il will not be reduced
to the necessity Of exhumng any further specimens
| the mineral Kingdom.
The New York herald., 1861-12-08
THE DEFENCE OF CHARLESTON.
PROCLAMATION OF THE MAYOR.

MAYOR s OFfICB, Nov. %, 1851.
Charics Macbeth, Mayor Of the city Of Charleston
ereby most earnestly appeal to the citizens this city
70 come forward and assist the military civ author
tss In putting Charleston in proper state of defence
large number OF faborers wanted and called for
the works progressing around the city; and surely
there Is sufficient number OF unemployed aborers to
supply the demand Proper arrangements will be made
Tor the saperntendcnce aud subsistence Of all aborers
that may be rendered and confidently hope that every
citizen OF the city will, without any further appeal come
FORWARD promptly and report at the City Hall the
Der Of laborers he contribute.
CHARLES MACBETH, Mayor
By the Mayor-JoKs r. HoRsEy, Clerk OF the Council
The New York herald., 1861-12-08

trate the sod iron and wooden aas anywhere, and SO
fI NJ appear Benton will be abs 20 make the voy
age proposed " ..aout much dnisnNy danger
Excellent accommodations have been lifted up for cf
floors, and understand that Commodore Footo has
ecled the Benton as the nag ship Of II Botlla
Her crew Will consist OF about two hundred and fifty
men in ui, and Captain John Scott well known pilot
VIII act as sailing master We are informed who Is
TO bs military captain.
The New York herald., 1861-12-08
DEPARTMENT or WESTERN VIRGINIA.
ARRIVAL OF GENERAL ROSEC1ANS, AND
STAFF AT WHEELING.


{From tho Wheeling Intelgencer, Dec,5.l
Brigadier General William s Rosecrars, comusAndng
all the forces in Western Virginia. together with she fol-
lowing officers OF his ste arrived in the city Yesterday
morning, and took Temporary lodgings the Mcclure
House. They came up Gu the steamer Prima rpnna and
loft Camp Tompkns on the Kanawha or. sfsaday Ast.
Captain George y Hartsua Assistant Adutana Genssaa
and chief of stan.
Major }. w. Crawford. Acting Inspector Gena7Al.
Captain J. G. Chandler Chief Qrar.crmastcN
Captain G. n. Goa3diEg Assistant CIarte ernia aster.
Francis Darr, Assistant Cenmssasy subsistence
DR. H. r. Wiriz, Assistant Surgeon and Mfdicai Dreo-
tor.
Captain W. F Reynolds, Typographical Engineer.
Major Joseph 0err, Jr Provost MARSHAL.
We believe that the headquart4rg, OF thf General and
his staff have rot been definitely determined upon YETI
The houses of G. W. Russell and r. H, Fit eh are undes
examination. One the other Of them wl be apprO.
prated we presume. The holse OF DR. Stanton now IN
Mississippi was also talked Ct by the General and he
seemed to Prefer il. Several difcutes however, were
presented ~ him arising o't Of ATTACHMENTS that had
been naass ~ "a ts:niturc .Se, of tl.e house.
General Roc rams viii mase Wheeling his headquarters
this srw u most likely bring his family here. He
chooses s miido and convenieps point for his tours
OF inspection anu direction among ho different campo.
He waited yesterday by numbers Of citizens,
who glad ts welcorae him. top midst He has
commSneed setting things in oissr already The late
managar ut the hospital, Dr. Gaiswold, against whom
there many complaints has been superseded. Other
business is put under way by thu General. lie tc
be of stirring snergy, wlA very little OF the red
tapo about him.
His room for the present is No 141 McLuro House.
lire of telegraph is ben constructed from the ts,e-
graph Office Water street e the house of C. W Russell
which has been selected hy General Rosecraus as Tia
headduartcrs The General sill hus be In direct cc.
raunicaton with all divisions Of the army.
Red Wing sentinel. [volume] (Red Wing, M.T. [i.e. Minn.]) 1855-1861, 1861-03-13
INAUGU1IAL INCIDENTS.
CIVIL AND MILITARY DISPLAY.
|REMA RkS OF ISTEN N Err S
Sc. &C., &c.
WASHINGTON, March 4.

During the delivery of the maugur-
al which commenced at half past one,
Mr.. Lincoln was much chcered, es-
pecially at illusions to the Union. Bu-
chanan' and Chief Justice Taney listen
ed with the utmost attention to
every word of the address, and at its
the latter administered the
usual oath, in making which Mr.. Lin
coin was most vocifeHously cheered.
The Chief Justice seemed very much
agitated ,and his hands shook very pei
ceptibly with emotion.
+ The Inauguration of to-day makes
the eighth ceremony Of the kind at
which Chief Justice fancy has otlici
ated, having administered the oath OF
office successfully to Presidents Van
Buren,, Tyler, Polk, Taylor, Fillmore,
Pierce, Buchanan and Lincoln. The
ceremony was exceedingly impressive.
" At the conclusion Of the Inaugural
ton ceremony, the President was cs-
corted to the Senate Chamber and
from thence to his carriage, and the
military formed as i'll the procession
ofthis morning, accompanied him with
Mr.. Buchanan and the Committee OF
arrangements to the White House.
On reaching the executive mansion,
the troops formed in double line OH the
main avenue, and the barouchc con
Red Wing sentinel. [volume] (Red Wing, M.T. [i.e. Minn.]) 1855-1861, 1861-03-13
] COMPROMISE.

t'Thcre are persons who are very
wise in their own esteem, and who will
reject all compromise; bit that is no
reason why q compromise should. rot
be attempted. I1go for honorable
compromise when occasion calls for it.
Life itself is but q compromise, until
the great Destroyer finally triumphs.
All legislation, all government, all SO.
ciety, is formed upon the principle of
mutual concession, politenes*, comfy,
courtesy, upon these everything is
based. 7 bow 70, you to-day, because
YOU bow to me. You are respectful
TO me, because ! am respectful TO yon..
Compromise is peculiarly appropriate
between the members ofthe Republic,
as of one common, family. Compro-
misses have this recommendation that
if you conccde anything, you have
something conceded TO yo,i in return.
Treaties, are compromises made With
foreign powers, which is not a case
like: thins. Here, if You ,concede any
thing, it is.to your own brethren-to
your own family. Let him who elc-
Yates himself above humanity, above
its weakness, iits,in6rm;tics, its wants,
its necessities, say, if he pleases,
ever will compromise; but let no one,
who is, not above. the frailtics of our
common MN IN. nature, disdam compromise. 81
HENRY CLAY,
Red Wing sentinel. [volume] (Red Wing, M.T. [i.e. Minn.]) 1855-1861, 1861-03-13

wont pays The time will come when
'the2iasal pro,nontories of these dis
tingNisl,a.l grinders will be put to the
stone, instead of their hardware. lap
Iplause. lam mighty afraid the ma
cl'incis goingto stop. The grease is
giving out thqpdering fast. 1t is
beginning to crcak on its axis. Gen
Itlcmcn, ii IS my private opinion, con-
,fidenj'y EXPRESSED, that all the grit is
pretty nearly worn of: Applause.]
Mr. Speaker, @you Must excuse me
for ms u<linositv an'! circumlocu-
ttorincss. My old biui11crbuss scat
leIa ;.,t&azi;,ssl,: hut II anybody gets
ipclpcly II 81. ny .4,s.'!l !, # they are
!; in tlI;: Way. ,s .as sa
.o Sir, lhc>e dai1dad1ca, supersquirti-
cal, mahogany-taced gcntry-what do
they know about the blessing Of free
dom? About as much, sir, as a toad
frog does of high glory. Do they
think they can escape me? iii follow
them through pandemonium and high
watcr!-[ Cheers and laughter u
uCSC itlC llO ollCS CllIC usAN y XIV
our liberty pole off Of its perpendicular
!ity. 'Tis they WHO would rend the
stars and stripcs-that noble flag, the
blood of our revolutionary fathers
cmbalmcd in its red. The purity Of
the cause for which they died-deno-
ted the white; the blue-thc freedom
they attained, like the azure air r that
wraps their native hills and fingers
on their lovely plains. Cheers. The
high bird of liberty sits >rchcd on the
Itopmost branch, but there is secession
salt on his glorious tail. l fear he will
no more spread his glorious pinions to
soar beyond the azure regions OF the
borcal pole. But let not Missouri pull
the last feather from his sheltering
wing to pierce his noble breast; or,
what is the same, make pen to sign
. secession ordinance. Applause.
Alas, poor bird, if they drive you
from the hemlock Of the. North, and
the palmetto OF tic South, come over
to the gum tree of the West, and we
will protect your birdship, while
water grows and grass runs. 1o, I'm
mensc applause. Mr.. Speaker, !
subside for the present. s
Red Wing sentinel. [volume] (Red Wing, M.T. [i.e. Minn.]) 1855-1861, 1861-03-13

Coop JOKE. ON SoMEBoDY.-Thc
La Crosse Democrat says that on the
night Of the 22d, the anniversary Of
ashington's birth day, large party
were dancing in Barron's Hall,
while from the flag staff over the
building floatcd the stars, and stripes
During the evening the national bunt
ing was hauled down and the Palmetto
flag, rattle "snaik' and all run mp in its
place. All night long did It float there
all night long did patriotic men and
women dance under it, but there was
swearing i'll town on the next moring
when it was discovered and cut down.
Red Wing sentinel. [volume] (Red Wing, M.T. [i.e. Minn.]) 1855-1861, 1861-03-13
LATER FROM THE SOUTH. -
MOVEMENT IN VIRGINIA FOR SECESSION.
R1r11>roxn VI March O.

RICHMOND, Va, March 2.
In the Convention, resolution was
offered and referred, that as the Crit
tcnden proposition had been dellber.
atcly rejected by the northern confed.
crates, every consideration of duty,
interest, honor, and position required
that an ordinance bill be adopted by
the Convention, and submitted to the
people by which Virginia shall resume
all powers delegated to the Federal
Government, and declare the con-
nection with the Government dis.
solved.
A resolution was referred, suggest.
ing that Forts Pickens and Sumpter be
transferred to the Southern Confeder.
acy, and for an equitable division OF
the public property oa sya& atauaa4sE
There was no prospect ofthe com.
mittec on federal relations agreeing
Oh anything zs l..aai..ss- a
.,c -,, NORFOLK, VA, March 2.
The HerQzz's Washington CORES.
pondcnt says a number Of the mem
bers Of the Volunteer companies a,
Washingtonswcre detailed last nigh,
for the purpose Of patrolling the: city,
1t appears that information had
reached the Mayor of Petersburgh to
1.-The effect that an outbreak would soo,
follow the Inauguration, of Mr. Lincoln
and it is rumored that police Office,
had arrived in this city yesterday, as .
special messenger to Mayor Lamb
bearing the above information. The
city will doubtless be undor the charge
! of our volunteers for sometime to come
but more is feared from the white abo
|litionists than the blacks. a
Red Wing sentinel. [volume] (Red Wing, M.T. [i.e. Minn.]) 1855-1861, 1861-03-13
&:OGDHUE HOUSE.
JOHN WILLIAMS, Proprietor

JUHN WIl1L1AMS, Fr0prlct0H'
This new and commodious House is situated
on Plum street, Red Wing. 1t has been built
and furnished under the special supervision Of
the proprietor, all the rooms are we'll lighted
ventilated and furnished, and all persons wish
ing to get the worth of their money arc res
pcctfully invited to give him q call, and no
pains will be spared to make comfortable all
those who may favor him with their patronage.
In connection with the House is 4 good stable,
ard we'll ofwatcr. Ostlcr always IN attendance.
January 2nd, 1861. 179tf.
Red Wing sentinel. [volume] (Red Wing, M.T. [i.e. Minn.]) 1855-1861, 1861-03-13
KELLY HOUSE.
DAVID KELLY, ProDrieto

DAVID NELLY, Proprietor.
Near the corner Of Main and Plum street.
The proprietor, who has just taken possession
Of the House has furnished it in the most Gle
Ga vt and com Portable manner.
The Table is set with every necessary and
luxury the market affords.
All the appointments are excellent, and the
position of the House, both Us regards the
Lcvcc and the business part Of town is
better than that of any other hotel.
\ good stable, Offering every convenience to
the teams OF farmers and travellers is con-
nected with the house.
Red Wing, March LIST, 1861. $50
Red Wing sentinel. [volume] (Red Wing, M.T. [i.e. Minn.]) 1855-1861, 1861-03-13
II o T f l. S j..
METROPOLITAN HOTEL.

Levcestrcet: immediately opposite etLcStcam
atLanding Red Wing, Minnesota,
n. A. & L. L.TEELE, PEorElEroRs.
TI1lllS new, spacious and commodious house
Is now open for the reception of guests.
1t las been constructed under the immediate
super. sion ofthe proprictors. antlnothlng has
been omitted cdtoinsurc the fort and eonvcn.
icncc Of those who may favor them with their
patronage. The numerous rooms are u we'll
lighted, ventilated and ftlrnishedin asupcrior
manner. In connection with the house is
good and conmodious stable.
Red Wing, March 1861. S3tf
Red Wing sentinel. [volume] (Red Wing, M.T. [i.e. Minn.]) 1855-1861, 1861-03-13
REAPiNG MACHINES EIGHTEEN
HUNDRED YEARS AGO.

ASA<A AAN" AI1~AA GLlV
HUNDRED YEARS AGO.
Truly, there is nothing new under
the sun. Our British ancestors were
before us in many inventions which
are supposed to be the result of mod
ern ingenuity. that they had reaping
machines there can be no doubt tn the
minds of those who read the following
much-overlooked passage Of Pliny,
who wrote between the years Of so and
20 of the Christian era: ...
"Of reaping ITSELF there are various
methods. In the broad plains Of the
Gauls, enormous machines, with teeth
Sc. lin row, placed on two wheels,
are driven through the standing corn,
a horse being attached to it in con.
trary way to the usual mode Of attachi'g
horses. Thus the corn being cut off,
ialls into the furrow."-Eziny's Nc t.
ural History, Book VIII, chap. 80.
Some question may arise whether we
should translate ''v0lzaln,' differently
from the sense given at the beginning,
uallus being van or machine [see
Ainsworth Dlctionary,] and ''va1zunss'
being a trench or furrow. II We adopt
the latter translation, then it follows
that our ancestors had already attained
that excellence in their machinery
which was with such difficulty effected
in those Of modern construction. Ii
on the other hand, we translate it il
the machine itself, then they had &C.
complished that which our modern
inventors have rot yet succeeded in,
for they must have made the machine
not only to reap, but to carry away the
grain. i @gs.
Red Wing sentinel. [volume] (Red Wing, M.T. [i.e. Minn.]) 1855-1861, 1861-03-13
REED WING HOUSE.

JACOB BENNETT Proprietor,
RED WING, MINNESOTA.
.2rConnected with the House is u large and
convenient Stable. Stages leave daily for the
interior. Teams and Carriages on hand to
convey Passengers to any part ofthc country.
April "a, 1861. 9O-tf