davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1861-10-18

fnbbish, ~ many States have done, and
substitute lew: simple forms Of action?
Let one be called Contract, which is thus
defined:. 4 contract is an agreement or
covenant between two or more persons, in
which each party binds himself to do or
torbear to act and each acquires right to
Whst the other promises; q mutual promise,
upon lawful consideration OF cause, which
binds the parties to q performance. All
human acts which come within the scope
Of this definition of contract should be
itigsted under one title, instead Of subdi-
yidipg into half dozen actions
Another form Of action might embrace
claims for damage for "torts," which as
q law term, means injuries done to the
person OF property Of another, as tresspass,
assault and battery, defamation and the
like. ...
The third form Of action might embraee
all that is comprised in suit for the re-
coVery OF the possession Of houses or
lands, and might be known as IN action
Of Ejectment. These three forms Of ac-
ton-contract tort and ejechnent- include
everything about which men go to law as
plaintiff and defendant Whatever lies
beyond them belongs to the criminal juris-
| diction, where the State becomes the
plaintiff, and personal punishment is the
end justice has in view.
twill be seen from this brief glance al
legal reform, that there is more to be con
sidered than merely multiplying judges an6
enhancing their compensation. Thespecia
pleader and the adept in crooks, quirks and
auihbles Of the practice may be opposed tc
any change that tend to simplify the
mysteries Of his calling, whereby he de-
rives great gain; but the public spirited
lawyer looks at the subject in broader
and more patriotic light He will think
mere Of the public good and less Of the
advantages which hoary abuses may con
fer on some members Of his craft. TX
I these We appeal 1or aid in bringing tht
! subject Of Judicial Reform before the pep
pie, and in pressing its necessity. OF
the Convention, until law reform
Is secured in. Illinois. We vii
insert with pleasure, well considered
brief articles from legal gentlemen
written in advocacy Of Law reform lii
nois has been in the back ground about
long enough, and her people have suffered
sufficiently from a crude, semi-barbarouE
system Of legal administration and prac
tee Let us introduce some Of the " mod
e1n Improvements" more in consonanct
with the spirit Of the age and country il
which We live.
, 1861-10-18

TIE New ToRK SEvEsTH.-Th1s famous
regiment, the Pride Of the American militia,
hus, since It's return from service On the Poto-
mac, furnished go Of its members as field,
line and staff officers in other regiments, in.
Guiding colonies, lieutenant colonels, majors
and staff. officers for. Brigedier Generals. The
Iist is interesting. The regiment keeps filed
up, however, to the full number Of / ,o5o men,
and will have its regular autumna encamp-
neut shortly.
, 1861-10-18

= Col. James L. Barret, who has been for some
time IN Washington City On business connect
ed with lis regiment, hos just returned, haV-
ing made arrangements to nave his men equip
The only obstacle in the way Of getting his
regiment ready for service Ia the want Of arms.
He could obtaln the ordinary cavalry carbiae
At oree, but prefers to wait for = breeeh-load-
ing rifle, = weapon that will discharge one
hundred times ! minute; and the War Depart-
Is alrea6y in the hands Of the contractors. So
that in a short time, 1t any rate, this regiment
viii be armed, and that too with the moss ef-
fectiye weapon that Is used in the United
statGs service. r.:
In regard to their destination. Col BarFet
ment that his men viii be ordered ia Utah,
md vii b employed for the protection Of ous
frontier from tha IuaiAna--SsNngs;d {la.,
ERgtSkT, 16h,
, 1861-10-18

e The Springfield {Mass.) armory, our
only present reliance for the improved rifled
nlusiet, is noT turning out 500 week. The
fetal manufacture in August was 1000, and in
September, 4,1oo, an expected increase Of a
couple Of Thousand in that month having been
prevehted by the breakage Of some machine
~. October will, however. show full 6 t0oo,
and when the new shops are done the manu-
facture will be run up to 10 GOO at least SPRING
field hopes to be able to demonstrate that it
would be cheaper to enlarge the works there,
to the capacity OF 1900, than to divide the
production between two Establishments, one
OF which must be but the copy Of the other
, 1861-10-18

The Springfield un.) Register, copying our
notice ct Col BracR est's spawned horses that
haye been imported from Pennsylvania, says:
We have heard that Col Bartet's g s'Fronder
Cavalry" Is to be Supplied With broken-doHn
kacka; from The East, also. What oejeet other
thar, to give come fayurits . job, can there be
in tendipg ho1tes from the East to illinois, for
the use Of her Tolunteerss Better horses and
scAeaper, BY twenty per cent can be had here,
snd be transport Itstion be saved besides Why
not Il sevauQteer cavalry furnish their own
horeef, u has b61n done hitherto In this State,
to 10 sppfA1sed bJ JAQnsesnnaent8agent? = There
can be uothtDg hut doWnzt&ht robbery at the
tcttom of this hofsa: perfesi1aAee., The can
uEon Penn1ylya1ih just now, Is 1nR 1aaa ILL.,
nois, certainly, can do without her houses = :
Thtre are evidently some PennAJlyansa
horses IL Washington, according to the cor.
respondent Of the PhIlAdeiphia Hrss:
Some OF the cavalry companies On this side
are very badly zaounted. 4 number OF the
horses arc worse thsn those attached to q
Wellington hack OF PhIladelphia oyeter cart
The frauds praetaaed npoa the Government in
| thls respect sra outzagsoas-- How such aut
/ max ever passed inspection No cannot sesl-
, 1861-10-18

DEPRIVED OF 4 Posi- OFFICE -Rebelling
against the authority OF the Government is
poor business, which, We imagine, win shortly
be tie conviction Of the people Of Marion, IN
this s;ate. postmaster was appointed for
he was given a short time to bundle up his
trsps AID leave town. This, together with the
previous bad reputation Of the Place, excited
the "risibles Of the Post Office Department,
and We learn that al order was at once issued
aiseontlnuing the pest office and toEbiddtEn!g
pcsta, business Of the town, ne understand, is
Transacted at Bainbridge, some three OF four
miles distant.-H[inois Syd{c Journal, 18th.
, 1861-10-18
FROu MISSOURI,
Nc News from Pilot Knob...Ganeral
Price still Retfe8tanS.

ST. LOUIS, Oct. 17.-Not word has been
received since Yesterday Of the state Of affairs
at Pilot Knob. JEFF. Ihompson cut the te1e-
graph wires, and has probably taken posses
EicE OF the two enginee that were on the ether
side Of Big River; SO if anything has hspp=ned
ct any point below, we have no means Of cot.
ting the ncWB.
The military bill Was passed by the Coav@n-
tion this morning yeas, nsys,
here tonight, land reports Pdce's army, On
Sunday, st ClintcnTine, Cedar county, which
is tn euly-fve miles soEth Of Papins rlle, on
the Carthage Road. The whole army have
effected the passage Of tie Osagc, and aEe sill
In tull ret1ear.
, 1861-10-18
HORSE CONTRACTS.

The evidences OF wicked eollusion be-
tween horse contractors and horse inspec-
tors, somewhere in Pennsylvania, are too
glaring to admit OF a doubt that they show
forth the actual facts. The horses sent
here from Pittsburgh, locals carried to
NewcastleD purchased at $135, are not
worth, On an average, in this market, $65
each. They are sorry lot Of small, old,
abused, and unsound animals that ought
not to imposed upon soldiers anywhere.
The contractor who bought them and the
inspector who passed them shoald betried
by drum.head court martial, and shot;
and until few examples are made Of such
men, this scound1elism which mounts our
blaye lads on spawned and wheczy old
hacks, bought at figures which should
command the very choicest animals in the
country, will not be arrested. We hear
now from Springfield, that the horses for
Col. Barretts cavalry for the Plains "a
service in which the choicest steeds are re-
quired- to be also sent for ward from
Pittsburgh, and that they are duplicates Of
the crow-baits that have come here for
Col. Bracket. If Mr. Cameron, now that
his hand is in Western affairs, will stop at
Pittsburgh on his way home, and 1nd ou1
where the yillainy is, his visit to the West
will not be in vain.
While Congress was in session in July
We implored the Western membe q to in
troduce and vote for law putting all con
tractors for Army and Navy supplies G
whatever description, on soar f0oting;: S
that when q swindle In clothing, food
aEmE, horses, wagons, or other munitions
was discovered, the author of it could b.
punished, without waiting for the sloV
process Of the civil courts. The expert
ences Of the last Two months have coz
vinced Us that the necessity for such a
enactment is every day increasing, an
that to save the Republic from bankrupt
cy, it cannot be long delayed. Napoleo
and Wellington did not wait for civil at
: thority to administer justice in such cases
they relied upon martial law alone, an
infused wholesome dread thereof in ii
minds Of all with whom they dealt tt
politicians Of Pennsylvania would, will
cut doubt, be good deal diminished
our law should have retrospective operi
ton hut we do not know that membe
of Congress should hesitate on that a
count Let us hare the salutary measu
= enforced
, 1861-10-18

PENNSYLVANIA LEGISLATURE. -- The new
Senate Of Pennsylvania, one-:hird Of which
was elected this month. will stand-22 Peo-
p1e'e, 9 Democrats, Union, and not heard
from. The House so far stands-s8 Demo
craft, . Peoples, 18 Union, 1 Democrat and
Peoples, with IL not heard from. The Dsm-
ccrats made handsome thing by accepting
members from strong opposition counties,
under the ''no party policy, and givin:; none
in return from their own strongho1ds. It was
rule that worked on1y one way, and that
way in favor Of the Democrats.
, 1861-10-18
An Internal 0ErTage-The Mlaefies IF
tlAe Marine Hospital.

The stories Of acute suff4rirg s2d misery
sTsslDg from neglect Of patients conveyed to
the Ms1ine Hospital for medlca! and surgical
treatment, would be incredible, were the tes-
rent character. Neither the Jersey Prison
ship, the Black Hcle Of Calcutta, nor the hold
of q eIaye-sbip ever testified to more absolute
hc1rors. Read the testigon3 giVen at . meet
ing he1d yesterday mofd71g ht The Merchants
Exchange, aud then read the following plain
by young gentleman Of this city, who is pre-
pared to substentiate it with papers if called
for:
On Monday morning Mr.. James ". Beals,
In the employ Of the Government as team
6ter, and who WAS in the regular service from
1845 to 1860 stepped at some place il the city to
water his team. The horses became frightened
and started to 1un. aud in the effort to check
Il en-, Beal6 Was thrown under the wheels, one
Of which passed over his leg, crushing the bone
between the ancle and Knee in two places.
His spine was also injured by contact with the
conveyed to the Marine Hospital
Yesterday, more than twenty four hours
afterwards, The gentleman who makes the
Etatement to uB, eaJs he Was OF the Hospital
aud Beals informed him that he had received
70 surgical trestment. The leg vas fright
! that even the weight OF the bed clothing, il
allowed to press upon it, produced the most
acute pain. Beals was acquainted witt
Major McRae, q. S. A, under whom he hat
served, and begged the young man to stats
IA tie Gaze to him. He did SO, aud the Majoc
| 1emarking that so good man as Beals shoult
| not be allowed to suf14F, placed 6atdciea
sum in the hands Of our narrator to procur,
the services Of physician fnstanter. tn
young man set eft on his errsnd of mercy il
hot bas.e, but learned to his surprise that Il:
| surgeon not appointed to the office would b
granted access to the hospital. He the-eup3 d
repaired to DR.. Wright, d medical dir :ctor Q
the Marine Misery, and stated the case, es
planning Ill the particulars, and urging upol
him the pIorriety end the humanity Of alloH
irg physician to 60 to the immediate relic
Of the sufferer But the DR.. would not liste
to the proposal-Eo physician coa!d cross th
sscred threshold vino had not received the 81
petntmeDt In the regular way at the hands {
the i1flsxib}e Medical Director. Dr. Liudse
had been appointed to attend to such cases
AID he would doubtless take care of Beal;
Dr.. Wright Was asked to go himself and invek
tieate the case, but refuEed-he Was not,
ea:a, responsible beyond the appointment, an
W3s no mere the Surgeon Of the Marine Ho
p'tal than Of Galipolis and Columbus. Ne
1her the dictates Of humanity nor the plea
ipgs of one who had been deeply moved b
the sufferiDge he had witnessed, and which
a=ked the simple opportunity Of relieving au
paying fer the privilege, made any impressie
on the venerable dealer in red tape and Z
to four o'clock yesterday afternoon, and He
ven knows how much longer, Beals lay writ
ire In his agony, with lie aud limb jeopardi
ed fer want Of surgical attention.
, 1861-10-18

Loss or 4 MAn-51o0. GOO, IN DRAFTS, &C.,
M1ss1SG.-We learn that the New York mali
leaving here 1ast Monday evening st 7:330, fail
ceived st thia office to that effect on F1idaJ
lsst, and On SasnTdsy telegram WAS received
from Postmaster Taylor, Of New York city,
stating in substance as above
The bag coatained about nine hundred 1st-
ters destined for New York, Philadelphia and
Washington, besides drafts. &c, from banks
in this vicinity, amounting to about S100, coo.
The Ho1ey in the bag, Of which there might
be considerable, is nil that will reward fhe
finder or the thief. IS to them The drafts win
lot OF course be Of any V&1ue.--RocAeaer El-
pTtts.
, 1861-10-18

DECLINE N CorFM,-The latest news from
Rio <va England) advises decline in the
pricts Of coffee In that great market. This
will be good news to consumers here, who
have to pay for the article higher prices than
probably were ever before known.
, 1861-10-18

E John Z. Smith, Of the Madison argus,
and" Pump" Carpenter, Of the Hatriot. are
independent candidates before the people Of
W.sconsln, this TALL, aud Thompson, Of the
Home League, hits them off in the following
pleasant verses
says Pump to John T., ssTou cannot deny,
But from lowest estate have risen;
Tpu ought, from the ranks, to ba placed o'eC the
Banks,
Ard fought to 60 to-stste P1ison!'
"Ah, yes" taid John T., to Pump, In reply,
"1f the people did but understand US,
| There Isn't doubt but the plan you've marked
out,
| Wonld be about where thsy would Land ual"
, 1861-10-18

The business of recruiting for the regular
eervice-i. G. 10 I'll up exciting army regi
merfs for term Of five years-is now at 80
low an ebb that it might as well be abandoned
at once. Here are the latest weekly reports
from the several stations
New 1ork, 9; Boston, !; Philadelphia. Buf
Ton, Bridgeport, and thicago, none. Total r.
Here are twelve stations, (there being three
IL New York; each with commissioned ar
ny officer in charge, with one or more at
tachee, and with office rent to pay, all main
taired at an expense OF certainly not less thsn
5000 8 week, to get total Of tsotnty tUo re
c1uits for three years, The results shown by
the new army regiments, where enlistments
a1e only for the War, and under circumstances
altogether more promising for promotion
are bnt little better than this. It must, thero
fore, by ibis time be thoroughly understood by
the Government, that the regular service can-
not compete with the volunteer, unless some
extra Inducements are made in favor OF the
former. Our recruiting stations are money
ard time worse than thrown sway; since, for
e7ely recruit obtained, an officer Or soldier Is
3ooAAoA ~ 4uleA<set a44 H4Lu t4o IAanc5S u
great city In favor Of histemptation to debauch.
ery and ruin. We regret, then, that in these
TINES, when educated and experienced officers
are demanded in the field, the Government
should adopt some other and more certain
agencies to obtain recruits Why may not the
paroled soldiers Of Texas be employed In this
way? And would it not be well, also, to offer
some herntv for recrnf+s IN ha maid An tha
spot. The recruiting service as now organ,
lied had better be abandoned altogether than
conducted at It's present cost.
, 1861-10-18

The following table exhibits the population
In 1850 and 1860 according to the United States
censua, Of the ten largest seaport aud tide,
water cities, in comparison with the ten
lasgeet interior cities, with the per ceatsge
OF growth Of each city, and Of the ten aggre-:
gated:- =; *
, 1861-10-18
The Rebel Attack n tho s. seminole. >.

FORTRESS MONROE, Oct. i6-Tte guuoeat
II 'Ssminole'' haa arrived from Washington
Whe2 passing Evarspo,t, above Aqua Creek,
she vas fired upon by the rehei batteries.
-Four cut Of forty shots tcok eff.ct-one near
IL carrying away the mjzzen mast. The Ssmi-
mole returned twenty six shella, some of which
burst over the rebel battery. The gulboat
Fieg has sent up valuable prize, taken bu. a
shcrt distance off Fost Sumter, loaded with
mC,asses fD;t. ETC.
, 1861-10-18
RHTTlRH NEUTRALITY,

The Canadian officials are putting them
selves to much trouble to obey the Queens
proclamation issued last May, enjoining
her subjects, at home and abroad, to OBJ
serve neutrality during the present war be-
tween the North and the South, requiring
them not to violate the provisions Of the
Foreign Enlistment Act passed in 1919,
toprevent British subjects assisting the
South American Republic.
They have arrested Mr. Arthur Rankin,
Colonel Of the Canadian Militia and
member Of the Canadian Parliament, for
endeayoriDg to raise regiment Of 1ancsts
composed Of Canadian recruits, to serve
On the side Of the Union during the present
war. He has been held to bail for breach
Of neutrality, and will be proceeded
against on charge Of violating the law.
If convicted, he viii be fined or lmprison-
ed, perhaps both, and ut nil events he will
lose his militia rank, and will probably be
expelled from his seat in the Canadian Par
lament; This is the sort Of favor the Ca
nadians show the United States. Now take
the other side, and see how the Colonial
British deal with the rebels
The Confederate privateer Sumpter,
which has been committing ravsges On
American commerce in the Gull, put into
"Port Of Spain" 8 sea port in the IsIandof
Trinidad, British West Indies, and there
obtained COAL and other needed supplies,
On the s1d day Of August, with the conni-
vance and consent Of the Governor Of the
Island, who is appointed BY Queen Victo-
ria. Again, On the 18th Of September, the
| EumDter ran into the "Port Of Spain" fof
| fuel. food and water, and obtained them
under the sanction Of the same high aus
pices, notwithstanding the protest, ON both
occasions On the partofthe American Con
| sui, As the Canadian and West lndia1
officials are inspired from common
source, the animus of the British Govern
, ment towards ours may be easily seen. ]
: the proclamation of strict neutrality wa
!, intended for anything but blind, why
l it that Col. Rankin is to be prosecuted an
e punished for breach Of neutrality in Car
r ada, when Gov. R. ". Keate, of Trinidad
= permits the violation Of the neutrality, b
I'll afo1ding aid and comfort to a JET. Day
4 priYatee1fszHe hesitates not to help a Co,
le federate belu9e1ent, an1is not reprovei
rs while another. .Ooloai4l Governor punish'
IS Col Rankin for attempting To- aid tt
10 American Government against Its domesl
L. I l.. E.
, 1861-10-18

C5icsgo is again asserting her claim to the
proud poaition Of being the great commercial
1.:yot snd distributing point Of theNorthwest
Thi1her do the wealthiest merch ants Of rival
employment Of capltal. Many enterprising
merchants from ST. Louis have made aud are
meking arrang ements to transfer their manu-.
featuring and jobb}Dg business to the city Of
Chicsgo- The trade Of st. Louis has been Sc
Terely Injured BY the rebellion. st. Louis is
tion that Chicago passed through, last
spring, and the merchants OF the former
city are now compelled to psy from
10 10 per cent tor gold or exchange on
New York, while the Chicago merchants have
! cleaned out the wildcats and brought ex-
cha1 ge and eold. down to less than one per
ctht- Milwaukee still c1lngs to the vicious
aud suicidal policy Of trying to keep at par
bank circplation 1hst lar exceeds the market
yslne Of + he @ securities on En1Sh it ts based
mere profitable to keep their capital employ
ed in specutating On the: fluctuations Of eI-
charge and II etump tai, !" than In straight
forward, Legitimate, honest banking business,
and because the merchants are SO thr9ngh1y
dependent On thelr bankers fer fnancial fact1i-
l. tee tlat they dare not resist the policy Of the
! sharks, Who prefer to keep exchange st from
! five to fifteen per cent premium about four
| months IN each year, instead Of coming down
to eolid specie basis. This state Of things AZ
ELes ptcuu1a1S tttO1eneS8 On bQt EalL " Mill
| Hankee merchants, ~ intense cupidity On
the part Of Milwaukee bankers. Country mer
chaats will hear in mind that ~ mere mats 4
Q: plusence cr necessity, the merchants OF
milwaukee, are compelled to add from fve to
fifteen par cent to their prices for goods to
cover the probable contingency Of an exorbit'
ant rate Of exchange, which is Inevitable when
ever the Ehll lment Of produce east ward CEASES,
o. the value Of Wisconsin "cu1rency" becomes
depfeciated- Notwithstanding the confusion
IN money matteEs consequent upon the Hork
Of getting nd If B fictitious currency and
bringing money matters down to coin basis
Chicago produce trade this year largely ex
ceeds that ofany former year. It. is 8 na.qr.
lkw q trade that dry good. and groceries FOL
leK the track Of grain. Her supremacy IN ~
grain trade being once firmly established, Chi
csgo viii find herself in possession Of TIL
oihEr branches Of commerce.
:A8 Indicative Of the increased trade In bread
stuff: y Chicago. VIC give the following com
p2Nfve fguIes from the TRIBUNE, show re
| capts ftm January ! to Sept. q: =.
1881. 1sso. = 1871
Ficur. bhls. s96 75s e6q 9s9 3;9.sl
Wheat. bu. 0,c60134 So ADD 4,4y,A
| Cctn, bu. .@56 s11 1875 240 3,fso,cs
, 1861-10-18

TIE PA1R1oE1su OF GovEKyuESr Coz
TRAcToRs.-The editor of Hue Cincinnati
Gazeue, after looking over the subscription
books to tho Government loan in that city
Gays: We Te1e good deal surprised at moi
1nolng among the Subscribers any Of The
hsasy Govexnment contractors" and thai
fifty Thousand to hundred thousand doll IL:
On contracts, aud jet they hsve not contrlb9t
ea one dollar to the loan. Why ia thls y
we cannot answer, uuless it ID because these
Government ccntractms go into tf1s husinest
70 fleece instead OF to asssst the Nattoua!
Treasury. Bad pork. bad beef and shoddy, al
high pricea, are too often the best evidences
afforded Of 'ths patriotism Of our Government
contractors
, 1861-10-18

EThe New. York WorId announces thAt
6ea. Sumner u about marching With fo1co
Of ti1; Thousand men from Califoe1ih, over.
1aud, to Tex2s. This cootFAdicts tho current
zepczt thss the q. 8. regulars u 0&lifofala-
three thousand atxougWero Ab30t whiting
the Southern coA&t by way OF tAe bthWHa.
, 1861-10-18

The following table shows the population Of
the ten largest cities of the great river regions
Of the West, in comparison with the 1argest
cities On the United States border Of the lakes
in 1850 and 1850, with the per centage Of each
aud tie ten aggregated:-