The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-06-15

- @ uon. lhe government of the United States was
~ e -. nneht o. c0mpac; whether between Stat.
Ol W oel"een the people of the States was a meta
"a PHYSICAL difference. That it was comnact rnne
N tba Iuh the fact that it did not exist before
= terwards anu thdt IL ala exist al
, lie had studied over with c,rot t,,o Loh,.o,; ~,
! ""Eeht.on which framed the Consiitntio, orJ tbo
e i G y, a"e fe"erdttSt, but had found there moth
s." uleGtly or lndirectlv the right of a
? otate to secede. He held therefor tbot 60 ~ 80 ".
VISION having been made for States ,,in'r t ~, ~
oalon, or Tor compelling them back after thew haye
lett the question has been left entirely IN ha dolt
W ml'n ds IA the case OF c0mpacts between nations
10 say mat the States not at the formation of
the Constitution independent sovereignties was ab-
| suIo' IheV were recognized such-each State
by name-by George Ill
Either party, therefore might under the law of
nations, recede from the compact, but they would
u" so SUBJECT to all the responsibilities to be in
CURED In leaving without justifiable cause; lust
exactly as Lngand or the United States possess the
iSut I" GiSsolVe the treaty of perpetual anitv now
uniting then-subject to the penalties which mi =
1'tach :" the act. Mr.. Wallis said the sDeech of
ina ,2rna'or Bayard, during the last session of Com
S'ess, ana winch he praised as a very ahIa nroduc
ton, embodied his own views unon tho s,L -
secession mas been termed Revolutionary rigbt
UuS ,-e sPeak-r oid rot think the term applicable
uhorr our system OF Government, to States acting
In their corporate capacity 1t wss-in tbis ra; =
t'Gm-sePara,ion, not revolution.
-. mat the Convention which framed the Constitu
t!oh dld draw this distinction between tho roonIo
OF State, and that State ACTING in its ol po.lo
capacity, Is amply and strongly evidenced in rko
| express refusal Of that bodY to confer unon tha
government the right to use force againsta State
| -, me proposition of Mr. Patterson autborizinr
| the employment OF the tronps of the Conredaro+a
S-1!ea TO enforce the laws Of the Confederacv
/ against State refusing TO obey its oblications
S%s rejected, and similar proposition by Mr. Ran.
u.IPn was unanimously laid aside and never re-
E.'eu IL was In reference to this propositon that
Mr. Madison used the following language: "'
ttt hat the more he reflected on the use of force
al 4nI Itnl ~.
''uce and the efficacy of it, when appIied to ne5ni.
coiectlveiV and not Individually. A union of the
lntateS' containing such an Ingredient, seemed to
'proVlde Tor its own destruction The rsa of tnroo
against State would look NOR. fEe dpclara-
tlon OF war than an inhction Of punishment: and
| "ou'a probably be considered by the party at
sI iaektd as dissolution Of all previous compacts
by winch 1t might be bound. He hooed that
| snch system might be framed as might render
inns resource unnecessary, and moved that the
| clause be postponed" which was unanimously
| agreed to
And Gen. Hamilton, in reference 70 Mr. Ps,tor-
sons plan OF coercion, said. ''But how can force be-
"eHerted IN the States collectively? 1t is impossi-
PIE; IT amounts to war between the parties
foreign powers, also, will not be idle spectators
lhey Will interfere, the confusion will increase.
"and dissolution Of the Union will epsue"-
Words of prophecy, said Mr.. Wallis When,
therefore, we see no provision made for coercion
but all plans to that end stricken out il is plain
That coercion was never intended to be used
The plea that Lincoln was not coercing the
South, but merely enforcing the laws was he
thought, most feeble one. War was hostility
against community, enforcement of the laws
was directed against Individuals The poIicv of
the Lincoln Administration being directed against
Whole states undiStnguishing between loyal and
ulsIOyal citizens, was and nothing else In
pursuing this policy MIR. Lincoln must either tram
pie under foot eli Ian and constitutional obligations
or ne must recognize the Southern CODfederscv es
hatioh at war with the government of the United
states. Even II the Government possessed the
nnd uoted power to caerce, it would still be a
question for all good citizens to determine whether
Or n not P.od, the war was Just and righteous.
Reconstruction was impossible For months the
H"u'h mad begged with outstretched hands for
peace, but now the war had been begun; war of the
most oitter and relentless character, in which all
who dared uphold their convictions of duty and of
l%ht were to be treated and to be hung as traitors
Cities were to be plnughed with cannon balls and
Sowtd with gunpOwder knives were to be mt in
the hands OF servile race to slaughter alike the
mother and the babe which sleeps upon her bosom
and yet men are to be found who seriously think q
restoration OF fraternal sentiments. recanst7uc-
ton OF the Union Of concord and of brotherhood
possible. Will any man accustomed to deal with
men OF honor, say that he could be kicked into do.
ing that which persuasion cannot accomplish?
MI y" ailiS confessed that it made his blood run
| colu 10 hear the gentleman from Washington
| county propose policy of determination against
the southern people. He dtuuul ced it as s8yape
and unehristan, and said that from his verv heart
| ne apominated it, He propheced that when the
| people OF Maryland should awake, as soon thev
would to knowledge of the fact that the issua was
no lenger that Of disunion but of "North or South"
be would be willing to bet his life on that dav DO
cisGn. 'J ~
The speech of Mr.. Wallis. of which bava brt
gwen faint sketch, occupied Two hours in its de-
livery, aud is universally pronounced a most bril-
liant forensic effort. Its feryid eiouuenca awake
my teihelnorance a., OF the peerless George McDuiie,
'ne pfliilant W. Z. Preston, and the elegant ora
TOR, Hugh y Legare, OF South Carolina His ne
roFdioh was sing larry beautiful and left but few
uPmolStened 1 eyes among the whole assembage
paII H.
ciuslon OF the speech.
The defeat Of Henry Winter Davis is recaived
with huge delight by the Southern RIGHTS men
here. The Democratic members nf tba 4 sso,,lI,,
are especially jubant over the tidipgs which oI
pear, however, nor to have been unexpected OP
s1.s=zz-zZ1I..sz11Ez1a=zrs---
CRoPS IN TExAs-The Austin Gazette or Juro
lst saws: The wheat, rye barley and ,,t GROW :;
made in Texas, and the greater portion Of tho Tor
mer has been harvested. While here and thare \
field may have been slightly injured bv rpSt tbs
damage done is not worthy of Consideration Tbo
amount of wheat cultivated this wear is LARGELY in
excess OF any previous year. and greatly exceeds
the amount required tor home consunntion.
Our farmers calculate this wear that they will
gather of barley from sxty TO seventy hushsls mar
acre. No State of the Southern or Northern Con.
federacy Is so well adapted to the growth OF this
cereal as Texas, except California.
AS 10 the corn crop the prospect Is excellent, and
we DOUBT It the crop in any State ever promised
more abundant yield. 1t is now in the silk Album
dant rams have fallen at intervals tbrourhout the
season, and il is now certain that heavy cron of
corn will be made in every part of the State
Cotton, too, looks unusually we'll but it is too
early to calculate with any certainty As to whether
tnere VIII be good yield or not. We may say,
however that the prospect at present is good as
cou'u De desired.
THE CRISIS or TgE PeoI1g1o,- -
mon with other departments, the trade in proyi-
SONS SONS mas Deen greatly prostrated by the war; and
's proStratlon mas been felt more severely in con-
sequence the nigh pIices paid for pork last win
'I; tu~ H1uinIl'hg "' heaVF decline and cores
poI'HS i"SSeS, "HiisC tbe ac'ual prices may still,
eu Mith oth5r artlcIes OF iood, be high
,ntii tb anutS aS ete hlSn prices pald, however,
Iu't 'he oFerI Sct OF rebellion was committed
tions that the traJa orJ Tue lhdica
quite conclusive and the homes of Il - So.
aud general. But these hooes have oivan riace -
disappointment and di.mav. ard to tboon ~ oro
holders the future Of the -trada saems 49, ~
gloomy enouoh Thsra is M da,oand - '%H .t
stocks are srpposed to he LARGO "1N ''0
The cause of this cessation of demand ia NOT
alone the stoppage OF shipments to the South, but
proauced, to great extent, by the depression in
.he general mahuiactuflog business OF the North,
"se.l!r WIN m the great 'alll1g on IN the -mand
LOT shlps stores, owing to The depression in the
S"IpP'nE OUS'iess.--oL"clnnHtt ~ Fr,ce Current.
PERCussIoN-CAP MACHINE-From the Richmond
UlPatch we clip the following:
tbiS are Sra'llea 10 announce the completion OF
portant niaca ~ r,ti pa P,eemt ~ I'M, very IN
nprdenf co FAR as tba a,F. ,,,. a. a. NV niue
caps is concerned We yyilnasssd tbo orr,.tir
il vesterdsv and f,rn4 +tat - - ~ is t "''Ou ~ vi
expeditiopsiv and as wej ~ tI f u"' ~ SES an
ment machine evbihited at tba Waohn:, EI"Herh-
some years ago. 1t is, moreover. handsnmaIv a.
ished, and not likely to wear out nv const,nt ,;s,
The caps. which it Turns ont at the rata of % 400
dav are aS rfrnd as an,- NV o--,. 80 - -''0''