davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
Treason DahnedI

Judge Leavitt Of the United States Cit@nit
! Court, few days since in his charge to the
Grand Jury at Cincinnati, gave full and dis,
tinct desert rtiOn of the crime of treason utder
the operation of cur laws. We cops the fol
lowing portion of the clnirgc us embracing
what is most important TO be known every
where and by everybody
| Without attempting to specify the runner
Gus facts, fairly within the stope of words,
J giring aid and comfort to the CneTay ] will
/ refer to some, so unequivocal in their charac-
ter as to be clear of doubt, and which will
illustrate the principle applicable to this
branch II the law of treason. 10 furnish
arms or her munitions of war, or to provide
boats, vessels, railroad cars, or other mcurs Of
transportation for those arrayed in hostile OPP
position against the Government, with
KIN 'w!clge of the purpose for which they are
to be used, are unqucstionabIy acts involving
! the rrime Of treason! So, tooi melting, cr-
cOuragfng, or aiding others to engage in any
If the treas Jnablc acts, i! the reasonable lno-
i've appears, would be giving aid and comfort
20 the enemy, within the meaning of the law.
1t is equally certain that the communication
Of intelligence to an enemy, by letter, telc-
graph, or otherwise; relating to tie Position,
strength, movements or designs of Any mill
trry force of the nttipI with the intentiol to
impede or thwart any OF lis operations TO
expose it TO attack, captirc, or other injury, is
an act of treisCii. \ nd il is Il practical
question Of gr, Al interest To be puhiic, under
what circumstances the vrndrf cf provisions,
IS Of ; or necrs>nri 5, is Implicated III the
crime as cr!o who gives aid AMI comfort to the
enemy. WitRmt discussing His question at
any length, may stale rl?ii 1t is obviously
not every sale = proicajg 10 be sent to
State or any pc. in til possession Of the
enemy. thai is within the pcually Of the law.
The crin,iuaily Of tie ;'ct depends, therefore,
on this k1oefledsc q tE. seller is upprisrd
Of the unlawful usc to be made of he property,
the law impF sa iininal motive whether the
sale is induced by sympathy with the n my,
hostility to the Government, or the hope Of
gain.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
a Sit of History

In his recent message, jeff Davis says that
the right of Il State 10 judge its wrongs was
maintained by overwhelming majorities of the
people Of all the States OF the Union, cspec-
tally in the election of Mr.. Jeffrson, in 1905,
Mr.. Madison, in 1909, and Mr.. Pierce, in
1852"
Mr. Jefferson, in lis inaugural Address,
in 1901, the sentiments OF which he repeat
cd in SOj, made use Of the following express
sions:
The preservation of the General Govern
nicnt in rs who.e constitutional yigor, as the
sheet an, hor OF our peace at home and safety
abroad; absolute avqui,sceucc in the decisions
Of the mainrs y, is tie vital principle of rcpub-
lies, from which lherGis no appeal but to force,
the vital principle aad immediate parent of
despotism.' , .r--,.
In IIS7 Mr.. Jefferson wrote:
"HhSl hco P1,t,cs make a compact there re-
suits tocI,l "a porer Of compelling te other 10
crecHe H."
After the cec,iun of Mr.. Madison, the Flee
ors Of Virginia, tho Madison Corresponding
Comrltlcc, and the Governor of the State dined
together il r chmond.
The following was the fourteenth regular
toast:
The Union Of States: the Majority Must
Govern: Ii is TrcHsan TO S2ccd'."
Now for Gen. Pierce, .ust prior to the nom
ination, Mr. King, of Alabama who was the
candidate for Vice President wrote n letter in
which he said:
81 have ever been a State Rights man Of the
Jefferson schoal, and c2t' iearlcssly appeal
u my whole pablic life in proof of the asser-
ton. am aai, however, prepared to admit
that the States POS css either the constitu-
tional or the reserved right to scccdc from the
Unioh.'
Gen. Pierce himself is now on the side Of the
Government.
Jefferson Davis's three witnesses do not bear
the test Of an examination Com Advcrti-
scr.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
Terrorism in Now Orleans.

A gentleman who left New Orleans oA'he
9TH ikst reports that great alarm and snxiety
prevail there, not only with regard to the vast
prerGtatiens Rnd the enormous power which
the Federal Government is putting forth to
crush the rebellion, but also with regard to the
negroes. The terror on this latter subject is
greater even than on tic former. Seven hun.
dred men are in trafs every night to guard
the city against an outbreak On Sunday
night, the 9Th inst, eleven steamboats, and
other vessels were burned at the Ievee their
value is set down by the New Orleans papers
at 100000, but according to our informant
it was really 25O,OOO. The most interesting
feature of this event is altogether ignored by
our New Orleans contemporaries, though there
was nobody in the city who felt any doubt on
the subject. This is, that the incendary wbO
caused this conaagration was a slave.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
Rushine N6rthward.

The telegraph informs us that daily the
trims from the South bear fugitives from the
rising storm, to the civilized communities o.
the North. Discreet business men are quiet
ly transferring their effects to Eastern bank
vaults and their families to quiet cities and
towns of the Free states.
We are Informed that on the train which
left Cincinnati on yesterday morning, ct ming
Northward, were large number 0! Southern
7+oslc seeking temporary homes in the North
As the extra train which Carried fifteen hun
dred troops from this city yesterday morning
for permanent cncampmcnt near Cincinnati
passed Acnia, Southcrner, on the platform
walked the length of the train and after care
iul!g inspecting the determined countenance'
and sturdy an $ of our gallant volunteers, re-
paired to the telegraph Office and telegrAphcd
to his brotl or to pack up and come on at once
with their sisters. "Struws show which way
&c o. S. Journal.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
PAIN ANB DEATH.

The idea that every insect and reptile, and
even the myriads Of animalcule that we are
obliged 10 destroy day by day, suffer pain, is
almost terrible one. The poets have tadght
us the idea; it is left to naturalists to set MS
right. We quote:-
"lnsects may be cut and pllled in pieces
without giving any indications of pain. When
they lose leg or two, they go about their bu-
siness without seeming to mind il at all. Cut
n wasp in two, SO that his breast is separated
from his stomach and abdomen, and he walks
about merriy, and cats with an unusually good
appetite. III fact, as food passes through him
at once, it gives no inconvenience, and he can
eat any quantity The enjoyment docs not
last very long, because the processes of uutri-
tion cannot go on without the organs of diges-
tion; but Mr.. Wasp docs not appear to suffer
in he least. Insects, in certain cases, show
muscular cOntortions, but these are not proof
OF pain. We know that there may be the most
spasmodic action in the human body, without
the least suffering. 1t is recorded of little
b " whose lower cXtrcmities were thrown into
spasnis by an injury TO the spine, that he had
no feeling whatever below the point Of injury,
aud was greatly amused to lie and see himself
kick SO, the convulsivc spasns Of men who
are hangrd are no proof ,r pain. When the
neck is broken, there can be none below the
point OF disocation. When the neck is not
brok,n, the pressure of blood on the brain pro
dues insensibility almost instantly. All men
who have recovered from hanging, after it was
suppnsed that they were dead, give the same
testimony TO its a;nlcssncsS. When men die
slowly, ard with strong muscular coutractions,
there il. prcI al, ', uu -, iFcr ny"
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
The Ct. lis AAn,r.

The stories concern = the sad occurrence
following the capture OF the secession troops
at ST. Louis, are of course collecting 1t is.
certain that our troops fired upon the mob,
and that some innocent persons were killed,
1t is equally certain that many Of the mob
were armed with pistols, and came out to fight
the troops. They amused themselves for a
while by throwing dirt uhd sand into the faces
OF the solaes9, afterwards saluted them with
orickbats, and finally fred pistols into tho
ranks. The iraohssthen responded with their
mimic balls. 7 he detailed accounts OF the St.
Louis liapcrs do not materially differ from the
first telesraphic report. We see nothing to
regret. in the fact that our troops fired; but we
deeply regret the loss Of innocent life, for
which the mob alone is responsiblo.-Si
Journal.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24

! The officers of the Missouri volunteers il
the service If the Government, appeal TO the
loyal citizens of the free States for assistance
in providing their first outfit. There are foul
| regiments now in service. They have nc
claim upon the General Government until af
! ter three months service. The State a. thor,
tiles being hostile, they are deprived of the
assistance which the volunteers of the free
| States have from their States, and many Of
| them are destitute of the means to purchase
uniforms. blankets, St. tie appeal is signed
by OOl. Frank F. Blair, and the three Colo
nels of the other regiments. They appoint
Governor Gustavus koerncr, of Belevilc, ILL.,.
receiver and disbui ser, to whom contributions
may be sent:
In r,Sponsc to This appeal, Gov Deuuison
has issued the following:
Executive DEPARTMENT,
CoLUMBUs, May 18th, 1861. !
The gallant defenders of the Constitution
and the Union in St. Louis have raised over
four regiments of volunteers in response TO
the call of the President Of the United States
for aid to suppress rebellion and to enforce
the laws. The Governor and authorities of
Missouri refuse all aid td these noble men.
In theft Necessities they appeal to the
friends of the Union I'M Tie loyal States, for
means to sustain them Till the General Gov
ernment can corHI,e t.8 their aid append
their uppedl, ana ask for it tlIe earnest CON
sidctation 5f tie people of Ohio:
Not an Hout GhoGId be lost On the. +t-,I
ceiPt of this paper 1 sent message to the
Legislature asking that $4,000 of the mill
tury fund of Ohio he .anpied to their imme.
diate relief I ff1 }hi3 6eficying that TOO.
mitch Importance could not be attached TO the 1
holding Of st. Louis, by the friends of tho
Union, aHd regret That Constitutional arl-
thOritS for the ppprQpr iatjon could not be-,
found by tie Legislature. Tie fcmedy is
thus left to the people. Al all cost and sac
rifces our friends in St. IJotis must be sua-
taned. They hold the key to the Grand
West. With St. Louis III the firm grasp Of
our Government, the Traitors wIfo seek, to lie,
tray NJ issouri TO the Southern Conlcderacy,
prevail. In behalf of the brave de-
Tenders of the right, Hho nte rejected BY the
State authorities who o3ght to p&Otect them;
appeal to you for help. Let the contribu-
tions be liberal and immediate. If no other
better way Of transmission is practicable, !
will receive aud forward al ftrffls directed to
ne for that purpose. -.
[Signcd1 va UENNf5oN.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
SPRING.

The snow had PASSED away, and spring, shy
faced, aud shivering under sheltered rock, had
breathcd the sweet arbutus into bloom. and
sky-bOrn bluebrds came down on the air OF
wonderous morning, with throats full of fresh
and fragrant melody. The days grew still and
long. On the hills aroahd the country villages
the sugar fires were smoking; and in the yards
of the quiet dwellings the sturdy choppers a&e
was swung all day long above the winter piles.
Sounds came from great way off startling
the universal stiffness There was a sound in
earth, as if myriad fairies were at work pre-
pairing JUICES for the grass, and fruits, and
flowers sound Of tiny footsteps and multtu-
dinous bells is heard deep down in caverns and
dingles, and here and there bank smiles
back in downy green the suns first radient
favors.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
Natural Soldiers.

4 Richmond correspondent of the Charles
ton Courier writes, that by the time Old Abe
is ready tc i!lvade Virginia with his rag muf-
fais and New York short boys, we will have
100000 splendid natural soldiers in Virginis
10 meet him. l candidly believe they will
prove cqnal to any 100000 of the sort OF stuff
sent against them It is very kind in this
writer to give rs his candid belief, but as the
only instance by which we have any means Of
judg ng, we can simply refer to the valor dis,
played by Virgninns when John Brown and q
few others, not natural soldiers" appeared a.
mOng them, and 10 more recent tcrror in ths
p ,s$ibiIity that John Brown, Jr., and few ne
g. ,c~, might land on the coast Of Virginia.
from an uuarmcd vesscl.-Bost0n Atias.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
rhs .eyg..eUats- On the Erall.

/
Eania:
| HARRISBURG, Pa, May 4. 1851
| One of the most notable instances of Perse-
vering patriotism and determination which
has occurred since the Presidents PrOclama-
tion, is that of the r!ustering of the wild
Cats" of this State by Colonel Thomas l.
Kune. who has taken up his residence In the
county of Mexican, in the very heart of what
is termed 1.-The Wild Cat District" On re
Sewing the Proclamation he started out on
horseback to arouse the hardy sons Of the for
est in the counties of Mexican, Elk, Cameron
and Potter. He travelled over five hundred
miles on his horse, enlisted three hundred and
seven men, and entered HarrisburgE with
them in thirteen days from the time he star
ted out! The men were brought from ms
back woods. The three hundred and seven
men averaged eighty miles travel on Focl 10
reach Cinnemahoning river. At different
points on this stream they took RATS and Hoat-
ed down to Rattlesnake, on the Sunbury and
Erie Railroad in Clinton county, where they
could find ready conveyance to CIVILIZATION
Over one-half of these three hundred and sev=
en- men are "crack" shooters, who have taken
premiums at all the shooting matches" in the
d-Cat district, and all were selected for
being 'good shots" They are armed with
their own rifles, and are determined to retain
them while hunting Southern gauie. They
are professional hunters; faftsmen. surve yors,
land hunters and lumbermen, who are already
dsed TO camp life and long tramps.
When at Sunbury they received dispatch
from Governor Curtin that not t1ofe than
lao were wanted. They unanimously resolved
that they 1ronld come to Harrisburg, and If
not accepted they would at once g o to Wash
ingtOn and go through Batiiatore. They came
into this city, bearing a huge pair OF buck
horns in front, and each one having the tail of
a deer ornametting his soft felt hat. They
have been mustered in and fornt a regiment
with the companies from 1ioga, who have the
sarie characteristics. These men are in earn |
est, and when they draw the trigger of tifSes
they do not intend to waste powder. Col. |
Kane was last evening elected Colonel of this
Wildcat Regiment" His reputation for
hard servce.is yell known, and his loyalty is |
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
TEE Ell IT I.

Il" l'iu~ Tail on Mt:ciI VIC live contains
the eunIculs OF IS own destruction. Within
The outer crust-Ihe cool temperature of which
supports animal and vrge; able life, and soidi-
ficS the stone, coal and metallic ores so lec sd
ry 10 our wcilbcing- exists mass Of
ignGous matter. Some of this matter OCCASION
ally rScaprs H. oueh the mouth of a volcano.
or makes itself fit by an earthquake; but nei-
ther the eartl.q lake nor the volcano are neces-
slry to prove thtt fire exists in the centre of
tine earth. A. we descend beneath the surface
the temperature gradually increases. At the
depth of ,4S0 yards water will boil; lead mclts
at the depth of S,4OO. There is a red heat at
the depth of seven miles, and ii we adopt the
temperature as calculated from MorYeaus cor
rctted scale Of Wedseworth's pyropetor, we
find that the earth is fluid at the depth of one
hundred miles.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
THE LOVE OF GOLD.

The treasurers Of some men is gold, and the
love of it grows so strong as to become idOla-
trous. Such men never rise above the merest
drudgery in the world. They eat and drink,
but it is to enable them successfully to toll on,
Morning, noon, and night, it is the same
drudging slavery and submission to the crav-
ings of vicious appetite. There is not one
noble sentiment or feeling can live in their
heart, because the last of gain fill it so COM
pletely as to leave no room for anything else.
They can do nothing but grovel, like an
eaFthworm, eating dust and casting out their
slime in order to form pathway along which
to crawl. 1t is pitiable and sud to think Of
but it is a sight only to often seen in this sin
stricken world of ours.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
Inhn Rroptn Zrs

Information which we regard a. WORTHY ui
crcdcncc; is given us that there WAS recently
an cncampment cf negroes between Newcastle
and Beaver, understood to Eu nmlrI the dircc-
tion of j ohm Brown Jr. He was not there
at least for any considerable length Oe time,
but was the master spirit of the cAtcrprise--
The men have removed considcr.b distance
eastward, and their present exact location is
not known:
john Brown, Jr., started for Boston on the
lst inst, us we are told by person who saw
him on that day. He was called to Boston
by telegram. There is reason to believe
that this project is much more extensive than
the marching of u few hundred negroes into
the frontier of Virginia;--that not only Il
large and well drilled force Of blacks in Canada
are ready to cooperate, but tIrlt TIE rniigra-
ton to Hayti, under the auspices of Rcdpath
will result in descent upon some undcfcudt,,
pbirt on the coast, with military force Hay
tien soldiery, and that the banner of cmanci
patton will be backed by a formidable body
under skillfu military leaders.
The vessels carrying emigrants from Boston
to Hayti sal; under the British flag.
Agents for Haytien emigration have been
active the past summer, and were careful in
the selection Of 4 class of rersors who would
find profitable employment in IIayti at once.
We do not undertake to say how much re
lance is to be placed in the information res
pecting protected raid from Hayti Read
ers can form their own cOnjectures or conclu
sions Our informant is man of character
not easily imposed on, nor willing to misIead
others, ard speaks from direct information
from some Of the parties
He expressed the confident belief that in
short time named, the Southern States IN con
sequence of this movement. would be invoking
the aid of the United States Government t.
protect them from general scrvie insurrec-
tion.-T('leyelnntl Herald
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24

A late emigra1t frof1 Hcv Orleans to
Cleveland gives an account Of his experience
in the Herald. lie reports business at stand
still. Sugar lacks purchasers at three cents,
and there are large quantities in store, with a
prospect Of further rapid decline Two OF
the principal hotels, one of them the ST.
louis, closed on the lst of May, as they were
not paying expenses. There was as much
bluster and boasting as ever, but faith in the
absolute invincibility of the Southern arms
was beginning to waver, though no adeenate
idea of the movements at the North bad been
ohtaired
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
A Good Suggestion.

The announcement reached us the other day
that the Legislature of Missouri had appro-
priated one million Of dollars for the defence
of the State This State never had million
of dollars in its treasury, and it has paid the
| interest on its debt for several years past by
selling new bonds, thus getting deeper into
debt 1t has only saved itself from protest in
New York on the lst of July coming by a
forced loan from banks, extoFted under fear of
losing their characters; and now it appropri.
ates million of dollars "for the defence of the
State !" Defence against what? Who assails
1t! The Governor sent an insolent response
to the Presidents call for volunteers to defend
the Government, and he seeks, to plunge Mis-
souri, into the vortex Of secession. The New
York Times wisely suggests that if she would
be honest let her send the million of dollars'''
appropriated by her Legislature for treasona-'
bic purposes, to New York, and inY1st il in
her own discredited bonds at 40 cents on the
dollar, Tins reducing her indebtedness two
an half Eaillion Of dollars. Her defence"
will be cared for, as of old, by the Federal.
Government, without its costing herpeopls a
cent. w
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
From the Home Journal.
MATRIMONIAL INFELICITIE&
BY AN IRRITABLE MAN
MY WIFE WANTS MONEY.

AZ had almost forgotten to ask you," my
wife said, in her most amiabe tone, as drew
on my gloves. preparatory to going down
town, "for some money"
"Almostr excaimed "it would be diff
cGit to make me believe that--for l have seen
money in your eyes, and on the tip of your
tongue, for the last hour. But why you didn't
ask for it before put on my gloves l can't
imagine. If there be one thing I dislike more
than another, it is to be asked for money after
get on my gloves"
"Phen wb5, if you saw so clearly that !
wanted some, did you not offer it to me?
asked my wife. '"The truth is I dislike very
much to ask you for money, and T often GO
without any rather than speak word to you
on the subject"
"Why didn't you do so today" in
quired.
Because to-day, it is very necessary for
me to have some. Not only have l the gas
bill to pay-which is larger than it was even
in December-but have to purchase some
spri. dresses for the children"
"Oh, never mind the childrens dresses" |
answered, "let them go. But what makes the
gas bill so high this month";"
II am certain l do not know" my wife re-
piled; though to be sure, we have had 'onsid-
ernble company lately, and you have been up
late at night writing"
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-05-24
nEavsments o. John Brown Jr.

The eCTI'oT Of the Williams Comfy Leader
learns from a gcirlcnia1 in whose statements
h. relies, that there is now organized compa-
ny Of cavalry cosisting Of 2,0O0 picked men,
ctcI OF wibom has IL = Jod horse, a sharpes rife.
II sabre aad brace Of rcvolvcrs. They Srs
located al present in Iowa, Kansas, North 81
ha \. Y. Canada AMI the Western Reserve
where lh.y respectively belong. Virginia has
seeded, mi so soon a5 The war is opened, thes5
men VIII in,ad, that state on their own hook.
lie plan Of lie raid NC le know but those * 'oi
q e engaged in it. Two secret agents pa ,std
tlrDug'I Warren, Trumbull county, only two
wee 5 ag,. John Brown Jr is now in Can
ada. He 5 u fine 10 king ma, and has p'ui k tie
If his flasher. Some Of the m.n engaged in
this are mvh Of large mcd The editor Of
the !. u Ter says:"I suppose many Of our rea-
d2rs will pronounce this hoax, but can as
sure them it is not, and ak them to await pa
Gently tie progress Of tie war