davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09
CONFEDERATE TAXES.

HNAvING BEEN APPOINTED TAX COLLECTOR
Hk for the District of Wake county sha attend at tile
following times and places, with to receive lists
of ali taxable properly, and to assess property tho
act of the Confederate Congress, to Wit:
At BUSBEE'S on Monday the 18th Of 0ctotssr, lasl.
At BANKS. on Tuesday, the 18th October
at FRANKLINS. Wednesday. the 10th October.
At BARNEY JONES. TltrsdAtt. the l7t!i October.
At WM. HoILoMAN's, Bnckiofa District, Friday, the
At GREEN Level. Saturday the 18th October.
At SPIKES, Monday, the slst October
A. WIkLE ESS Tuesda the ed .s ostS t.aio,
At b 4 p ROGERS STORE. Thursday, the gath Oct.
At CIV THOMPSONS STORE, Friday, the a5h Oct.
At LAWS STORE, Saturday, the 18th October.
AT DUNNSVIL! Z, Monday, the 18th October.
At FORES rvILLE. Tuesday, the 2sth October.
At RoL ,;lI Wednesday, the soth October
At HORIZONS Friday, the LIST November
At HOODS, Saturday, the ed Mover ber ,.
The 4th the Tax Law of the Confederate Govi
ernment provides as fellows:
"That for the special purpose Of paying the principal
and interest of the public debt. and II supporting the Gov
ernnent, tax shall be assessed Ind levied Of fifty
ing property in the Confederate Sates nanely Real
tate of all kinds slaves merchandise bank STOCK railroad
and other corporation stocks money It interest, or
securities for money Except the bonds Of the Confederate
States OF Amerca) and cash hand I'm deposit in bank
OF esehere cattle horses and mules; gold watches guild
and silver plate pianos and pleasure carsges Pr0vded,
however, that when the taxable property herein above emu
nerated of any heado family isaf less yalue than Eve
do1 anr this 1e%ss
the property OF colleges and schoc aid Of charitable
religious corporations assocatiois scaly used fir the
associations were created shall Be- sss ilom taxation
under this act and provided all public lands
and all properly owned BY State fly public purposes be
All persons liable ,r taxes required BY law TO hand
ed. ed r rSm 's nv urged On M Is ca" be
The particular attention Of all PERSONS liable for taxes
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09
Our Glorious Ola sta1e.

~ Our Sil0f10uS Old State. &c. Il
:, The appeals of our brave soldiers have touched
the heart Of hearts Of the good people Of the State
We knew this would be the case, when we. tried
short time ago to cheer them up with the assurance
that the good old State would forget them. The
whole State seems to be alive in getting mp clothing
blankets, medicines and money fol. their comfort
We should judge from what we have seen that not
less than SOC, 00e in cash and clothing, &C., have
been sent to our soldiers at different points, in the
past two months. =.
Care and prudence however, must be observed
in this matter There should be unity OF effort and
a proper system adopted in their distribution. We
rejoice to see this freewill offering literally dis
pensed Our people must remember that we have
troops in camps in the State whe needy as we'll
as troops in Virginia. Let none be forgotten or
overlooked And there is Maj. Ramseurs fine COM
pany of Artillery in Virginia not attached to any
regiment. Have the authorities and the people OF
Wake forgotten that company /? We hear of no
contributions to them as company. None in the
service have worked harder or are more efficiently
than that company. Let them not be forgotten
From the Richmond Dispatch We learn that on
Thursday last the following contributions for the
soldiers from this State reached Richmond:
j. c. Blocker and I. B. Love, with 81, 900 worth
of clothing and stores and 1911 in cash for the 18th
regiment of N. c. Vols
j. B. Clarke and J.. W. Gaylord with $4Oo worth
of clothing for the ard N. c. regiment.
DR.. J. II. Montgomery with 800 worth of cloth
ing &C., for the 18th N. G. regiment
Mr.. Mckenzie and his party $4,000 worth of
clothing to the 4th regiment N. G. State troops.
Rev. Mr. Purifoy, with $3.50 worth of medicines
and other stores for LIST regiment N G. State troops
R. L. Steele, $500 worth of stores and $685. in
money for the 18th N. c. Regiment.
j. H. White and others, with $500 worth of
clothing for the 9th N. G. regiment.
7. S. Wood with $500 worth of clothing for the
4th regiment N. c. State troops.
On the same day gentlemen from Georgia arrived
with Sc, 094 worth of clothing and money for the
Georgia troops.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09
STATE BIBLE CONVENTION.

N A MEETING OF THE EXECUTIVE CUMMIT-
IA lee Of the Rowan County Bible Society beld in
Salisbury, this the 18th day OF July the following resolu
deemed too early for full meeting Of the State Bible Con-
venton in Salisbury called for BY the addfess IF the
Executive Committee to the Christian. and Sstrots Of
given to notify the County Societies Throughout the State,
50 that every section Of the State Be represent ed
therefore Resoeed That the State Convention called
by postponed to the 2sd day If October next
Il jas. H., ESSiss. T.
Lure BL&GKMEE,
Ex. Com. ( Sos " HAIi
u $50 / j. ). McCUBsiSs
49, ~ w. F. kEIsgLAs.
- Other papers please copy.
Oct. 9, 1851.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

FIRE IN BRUNSWICK CouNrY-We regret to learn
from the Wilmington Journal that fire occurred
on the premises OF Daniel l.. RUSSELL Esq, of Bruins
wick, on Wednesday morning last, by which he lost
in his stables IS head of horses and mules and four
large barns with their contents As the crop had
not been gathered the loss was not great as it
would have been if it had occurred a little later.
The loss is estimated a: from y to $1,000.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09
/. The Latest News.

- r. = The Latest. News d., Z
i The last mails confirm the statements Of the dis
patch and suupfs in the city, Of the capture Of
the Federal steamer Fanny on P.mlioo Sound
The Confederate steamers Raleigh, Curlew and Ju-
nilaskis under the command Of Capt W. r. Lynch,
Flag Officer, it seems were cruising in the Sound,
and fell in with the Yankee steamer Fanny, when
fight ensued. Some 4osrounds were exchanged
when the Fanny surrendered to superior force
Nobody was hurt on either side. She had Al men
on board, of whom were negroes-all Of whom
were made prisoners A considerable amount of
stores, small arms and ammunition was captured
/, with her.
Inc 10th Indiana regiment was encamped at
Ch'clmcomco, and our troops at Roanoke Island
had gone to attack them, but the result was not
known.
The news Of the success of Gen. Jackson over
Gen. Reynolds at Cheat Mountain is confirmed
Reynolds loss was estimated at 1900 in killed and
wounded, and the loss of jackson very small
Gen. Lee had been largely reinforced, but no bat
tie had occurred between him and Rosencranu.
The rumor of the landing of large Yankee force
at Occoquan, turns out 10 be incorrect. The Rich
mond Dispatch says that Col Ransom, Of North
Carolina, left Fredericksburg to attack them, but
ascertaned that only small body had come over,
and that they had quickly returned
Everything was quiet on the Potomac. What is
to be done there, seems not to be known. Every
one, however, is looking for some great event.
The news from Missouri is still encouraging
Nothing of moment had transpired since the battle
of Lexington.
In Kentucky the Southern cause was gaining
strength The Lncontes were making many ar
rests in Kentucky and at Wheeling
1t is said there are now 5000 Marylanders under
arms in Virginia.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09
Quartermaster's Department,
RALEIGH, N. G., Oct. Z, 1867. !
To all arkona It naaY concfra:

I 0t7y
NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN. that all goods affected
by the Proclamaorrs issued by his Exceency Governor
H. T. Clark dated Raleigh. September 18th and October Sd,
1861 which were bona file purchased and paid for ship
ped prior the 10th 0c"ber inst exempted from all
hereafter governed by this order stoppagc of the
same In hanxitu
By order Of the Adjuant General.
JOHN DEVEREUX,
Capt and Asst. Quartelmaster n c. Army
October s, ls6l SS-5t.
~ The Charlotte Democrat and Salisbury Watchn,au
will give the above two insertions and forward bills
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09
Surgeon Generals Office,
RALEIGH, Oct. 4, 1861.

tGEyERAL ORDERS No. s.
EOR THE FUTURE, ALL RECOMMENDATIONS
for appointing Physicians to the responsible position
OF Surgeon or Assistant Surgeon in the Army must be
founded personal knowledge of the professional quail
the recommendations M notice will be taken Of them
BY order of the Governor.
CHAs. Z. JOHNSON,
Surg. General. N. G.
October 8, 1861. 49, II, SS--lt.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09
North Carolina Conference.

The next session of the North Carolina Annual
Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church,
South, will commence on Wednesday the 4th Of
December next The venerable Bishop Andrew
will preside
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

CORRECTION learn that our information was
incorrect, which led us to announce c. 3. Sanders,
Esq, of Johnston county, as a candidate for Con-
gress He is not candidate; his card came to hand
too late for insertion
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

The AUBURN GUARDs.-Capt. Fowle, Of this COM
pany having been elected Lieutenant Colonel of the
31st regiment, of which this company forms part,
an election was held at their camp in this County,
Friday last, for officers, which resulted as fol-
lows: DR.. L. c. Manly, Captain; 1st Lieutenant,
Henry B. Jordan; 81 Lieutenant Rufiin l. Bryant;
Sd Lieutenant Joseph w. Holden; Orderly Ser
geant, Benz Walton. Wake County has sent eleren
companies to the war. The Slst regiment, which
contains three Wake companies, will rendezvous at
an early day near Washington, in this State.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

~ See our new advertisements, especially Capt.
John Devereux's of the Quarterlnaster's Depart
ment VIM. II. Highs about the war tax, and Mr..
Wrghts at Trinity College.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09
Old Chatham all Right.

A friend who sends US club Of 1G subscribers
from Chatham County, and says that is only be-
ginning Of what we may expect soon gives US the
following encouraging facts as to what old Chatham
is dong for the war. Thank Heaven, the whole
State is moving with energy and promptness in
taking care of her soldiers and pushing the war.
This extract was not designed for publication, but
as we think it will serve to stir others up hope
he will excuse US:
"If the Standard pursues the same course it has
done since the commencement of our present diff
cu!ties, predict for it the largest circulation any
political paper has ever had in the State. Your
course meets the hearty appreciation think of nine
tenths of our community Notwithstanding we are
nearly all conservative men, if you think idle
spectators Of the difficulties that surround u.s. you
are much mistaken. We have in this neghborhood
company drilling who expect to he off in few
days, and our whole community only want to know
their duty-the very poorest are anxious to do all
they can for our soldiers. ! obtained in my imme-
date neghborhood in day and half 4s Blankets
rs pair of socks and a quantity of towels, SOAP &c
for our soldiers that are in the service If the
balance of this district does as well, We shall get
90 blankets, 200 pair of socks, and other
veniencies for our men in the army-and other por-
tons of our county hope will do as well. sup
pose of this district were Union
men, and believe none will excel us in defending
our country, now that it is invaded"
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

3 The Election for Electors for President and
lice President Of the Confederate, States and for
mso5ers Of Congress, wiU be he'll throughout this
State, on Wednesday the 9th dry Of Norem6er nert.
The cIcers and soldiers Of this State, aohether in
camp in this State or Firgiaia, ,cU cote on Thurs
day 5trorc, 1t being the 3lst Of Octoder.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09
AT TRINITY COLLEGE.

lIl pus aud pronounced the most handsome at the
place also 25 ACRES OF LAND, with Meadow near BY
Terms easy-app!y iaamedtaIeiy to
j. L. WRIGHT.
October 6, 1851. 4l--wti
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

1t is stated that the Secretary of the Treasury IN
forms the Bank Committee in New York, that he is
spending 81 zoe, 900 daily, or So 400, COO a week
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

W.K LANE Eso.-We learn from friend that
William X. Lane, Esq, of Wayne, had announced
himself candidate for Congress before he was in
formed of his appointment as Tax Collector for this
State: and that finding the two positions ncompat-
ible be at once determined not to continue in the
field for Congress We make this statement of our
own accord, in Justice to Mr.. Lane. That gentle
man has accepted the Office of Chief Collector TOT
the State and has entered vigorously on the DIS
charge of his responsible duties.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09
Qrartermaster's Department, !
RALEIGH. N G. Oct 7 lsHl

PROPOSALS WILL BE RECEIVED AT THIS OF.
Il fee for furnishing the NorthCarona troops with
Hats. Proposals must be accompanied by sample Of the
hats and must state price and number which can be de
lvered per week. and also what the delivery will
commence JOHN DEVEREUX. L. q IT,
0cober g. 1861. ST.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09
ELECTORS FOR PRESIDENT AND VICE
PRESIDENT.

FOR THE STATE AT LARGE:
DAVID S. REID, of Rockingham.
JOHN POOL, of Pasquotank.
DISTRICT ELECTORS:
1st District LEWIS THOMPSON, of BERTHE.
ID " Council WoorEN, of Lcnoir
81 " L. W. HUMPHREY of Cnscw.
4th " JESSE G. SHEPHERD, of Cumberland.
9Th WILLIAM EATON, Jr., of Warren.
9TH " BErFoRD BRowN, of Caswell.
1th " WILLIAM P. TAYLOR, of Chatham
Sth JOHN WALKER, of Mecklenburg.
9ih " TOP R. CALDWELL, of Burke.
10th q. W. GAMBLER, of Buncombe
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

GEN. HnL.-It will be gratifying announcement
to our readers that Brig Gen. Hill has been trans
ferred from his command near Yorktown. Va, to
the Northern department of our sea coast. Head
quarters are at Washington, N. c.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

az Gov. Jos. Z. Brown of Georgia, has been re-
elected Governor over Judge Nesbitt, by majority
of between four and five thousand. -
Hon. j. G. Breckenridge and other kentuck-
ians have made their escape from Kentucky, and are
now in Virginia
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

N~ WE ARE AUTHORIZED TO AN.
nounce r. r. BRIDGERS Esq. of Edgecombe,
candidate to represent the Second Congressional Dis.
trct in The regular Congress Of the Confederate States
Sept. ~ ls6l. Std.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09
Tbe Stanbarb.
RALEIGH: WEDNESDAY, OCT. ., 1851.


spECIAL NOTICE.-The STANDARD is conducted strictly
NE CASH system. AN papers discontinued at the
of the time for which they haze been pad. Sub
mill be notified FOUR before their time IS out
w. cposs MARK on their papers, and unless the subscription
- rsusyd the paper ,oi0 be discontinued This is rule
f uyhich there so be no dsparth Watea for the Grass
mark, and ,eaew you&sndscrtftso".
usstly Standard s. per annuha, in odpance.
S,u;. Vseklu, 81 per aaau,a, in adcance. s.
- Subscribers desiring their papers changed must
snt,on the Post Office FROM well the one to- which
,sev desire the change to be made.
OUR PRINCIPLES. ,-
The Democratic principle-that is, the right of
the people to rule ~
firm and unwavering attachment to THE Con-
Tolerate government, as the surest means Tor trans
hitting free institutions to posterity.
A vigorous prosecution of the war, and perpetual
separation from the United States
The best men for Office in this crisis, without
regard to party.
An honest and economical administration Of both
State and Confederate affairs.
FOR PRESIDENT:
JEFFERSON DAVIS,
OF MISSISSIPPI.
FOR VICE PRESIDENT:
ALEXANDER Il. STEPHENS,
OF GEORGIA.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

~ WE ARE AUTHORIZED TO AN.
nounce G. r. THOMAS Esq, Of Carteret, q
candidate to represent the Third Congressional District in
the first regular Congress of the Confederate States.
October 4, 1851 Std.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

~ WE ARE AUTHORIzED TO AM
nounce GEN. A. j. DARGAN, US u candidate in
the 9Th Congressional District ia the first regular session
of The Confederate Congress- t'-
September 18th, 1851. Std
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

E1s@ WE ARE AUTHORIZED TO Ana
nounce ROBERT 2. DICK, Esq. of Guilford,
candidate TO represent the eope Of the Sixth Congress
siona District in the regular Congress Of the nedes
States. = #..l ...
September 81, 1881. r- Std.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

NW@ WE ARE AUTHORIZED TO AN:
nounce JAMES X. MCLEAN, Esq as u eandi.
date TO represent the pepe Of the Sixth Congressional
District in the first regular Congress Of the Confederate
States.
September a. 1851. STD
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

49, WE ARE AUTHORIZED TO AN.
~ nounce SAMUEL. II. CHRISTIAN. Esq. of
Montgomery, candidate represent the Seventh Con.
zressona District in the regular Congress Of the Confed
crate States.
Sept ~, 1851. 49, Std
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

mGge WE ARE AUTHORIZED TO AN.
VS. nounce BURGESS s. GATHER, ESQ., US
cundidate 10 represent the counties of Ashe, Allegheny;
Wilkes, Caldwell Alexander, Yadkn. Surry, Davie lrG.
dell and Burke comprising the Ninth District ia the regu
lar Congress of the Confederate States.
September Ii, 1861. STD.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

~ n WE ARR aIIl!u x WnnnG 81 TO AM
date represent the 7th Congressional District Of North
Carolina the first regular Congress Of the Confederate
States of America. 80. ~ -'
September &, .o6l. .-. So
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

VN7ANTED, BY 4 YOUNG MAN, A VIRa
w ginisn thoroughly qualified at a Virginia College.
a situation Teacher in some Academy or Institute ::
either male female. Would prefer teaching the higher
branches of Mathematics Best testimonials furnished
Address, JOHN W. JACKSON.
CJtumLin, -
Fluvanna Go.
Virginia.
Oct 8, 1881. 4l-w3t
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

- WE ARE AUTHORIZED 70 AN:
IS nouncs H.; GOOCH Esq, of Granville. II
candidate for the Confederate Congress for the Fifth Dis
tric consisting Of the counties Of Warren Franklin Graft
vile, Wake, Orange and NASH
September TO- 1861. ss2-td.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

nw WE ARE AUTHORIZED TO Ans
VS. nounce F. d. KOONCE, Esq Of Orsiow
candidate represent the 6le of the Third District
i,she regular Congress Of the Corfederute States.
Sept l6, 1861. Ct STD
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

hSe WE ARE AUTHORIZED TO An
VS. nounce the Hon. ARCHIBALD II. AIRING
TO-. of Nash candidate to represent the pcupc Of
the Fifth District in the regular Congress Of the Confedc
ate states. aa -raes
September %, 1851. Std.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

nSE@ WE ARE AUTHORIZED TO AN.
nounse J. H. HEADEN, ESQ., Of Chatham. as n
candidate to represent the 7th Congressional District id
the frs regular session Of the Confederate Congress.
September 9th, 1861. std.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

= q Other papers please copy.
Oct. 3, 1861.
Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1861-10-09

NORTH CAROLINA STANDARD: WEDNEsDAY OCT 8 ISL s.
Daily Democrat and news. [volume] (Davenport, Iowa) 1859-1864, 1861-05-02
River Items.

WEDNRsDAY, May !.
ARRIVED.
KArs CAssRL, Hillhouse, Montross.
BsLHA r, Force, Usage River.
NORTHBRNEa, Afford, st. Paul.
DEPARTED.
KArn CAes.L, Hillhouse, Montrose.
NoRTHERN8R, Afford, st. Louis.
The splendid side wheel steamer Grey Eagle
Capt uarris, will bs tho st. Paul packet this
morning.
The Canada, Capt. Parker, will bs the North
srn Line beat for St. Louis to-day. This 10 one
ef the most popular boats on the river, and pas
sengers going South will find good accommodation
on board.
The Northerner brought down Cspt. Littier's
company of soldiers from LeClaire, Yesterday,
free Of charge. Quite . number OF the company
belong ut that place. and were carried up there in
wagons SEPT down for the purpose. The parting
scenes between the soldiers and their friends, il
said to have been qnite affecting.
The La Crosse will leave for Dubuque tAi,
morning
ssLAID UP.-The Belfast arrived from tho Osag,
liver ysstsrday morning. She will not start gu
again until there il sufficient freight to varran
: paying tip. ..ssi
The river ct this point, and above, 10 fast rsced
Eisg. Frsights very dull, both for St. Louis ant
Chicago, owing 70 the existing monetary tsou
Daily Democrat and news. [volume] (Davenport, Iowa) 1859-1864, 1861-05-02
Fron Baleimoss.

BALTint Rs. April 10.
Three spontaneous Union meetings we're held
TO night 10 different s~ettOOs Ct the city. ks>.
olutions were adopted In favor OF Standing BY
the Government. and expressing spprohs'ion
oi G-u Scott, in his dstsrminati 70 msiOtsin
the honor Of our Dstionsl f,g. Union badges
are quite pr0ninsnL on the streets
BAL,rsoss. Nay !.
At no n the Star Spsnelsd Baooer ~ss raissd
With great demonstrations Of enthusis.m. IRON
The Pos, Office end Cue ON House. BY order Of
the newly appointed Gticisls. II wss grested
vi, h tremendous cheers for the Union And the
old flag. The crowd then ined 10 siOgiDg the
Star Spangled Banner.
Judge Baird, of tho criminal court. charged
the grand jury this morning. He called 81
tentios psrsicu lssly to tho attack Il The mob
on tho military on the 10Th OF April. that the
guilty mig I be brought 10 punishmsnt
After the crowd had left the Custom House
to dsy = man panel q. Lsmad. in the u0i-
70, IN OF the Maryland Gusrds. deliberately cut
down the American flag. which tsIl into ths
! srms OF : bys'aDder. He va Immediately }
arrested BY ! Deputy Sheriff. and With come
difficulty %, ed from the wrath VI the lev
Union @en present. and conveyed 10 the police
station vhcrs be awaits eSsminstioo. The
Guard. IL 10 ssid viii espel the offender.