New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1861-02-01

rot alw avs found IN refusing 20 listen TO coDpiaIns
differ then with some OF my rigid friends On this point
prefer to coneideT grievances, were bet TO be SUR
that they have Just foundstion-much more II they
prove 10 merit attention for their reasonabeDess Ny
notion of the duty OF public is 70 watch the gro With
Of oenses, and not to neglect stu lees to despss then
way 10 comprehend the nature Of the dicontents
aetaly prevailing and Judge of the extent 10 which
II they Justify the Iesort to violent mode Of relief -
the overthrow of Government. After fall hearing
II o. all that Las been said il Committee and elsewhere
easily embrace the topics Of complaint under thres
II heads, 10 Wit:
II FTrst: The passage Of laws in come Of the Free
Ststes crerat'DS to discourage the recovery OF fugitive
! slaves
Second The denial of equal rights In the Terri
| tories.
| Third Tbs apprehension Of such an increase OF po-
ltical power in the Free States 10 temp. 10 in-
yssioD, ulder forms u the Constitution, of tho
rights Of the Slave States to manage their domestic At
| fairs.
After full and cal examination Of sse grounds fur
Wished to sustain these complaisis ready to de-
clare that il these are ali chat endaAger the continuance
of the present bod OF association between tbs
States in nv opnon in similar sacrifice to mere aa~
stracious was ever before made among reasoning nc
Let proceed briefly to anasyze them one ~ one
And first, of the Personal Liberty laws Their ofi3a
n well known TO have been A the enactment OF sb0
lset Fugitive Slave law. Their true purpose IS k
prt Meet Innocent freemen from Being dragged under
is Strngent provisions, without trial ana withoos
ohen se, into irredeemable bondage II ia attempting
to &c, this object of them JhOud have over
,tepte the line so far TO appear to cbs,ruos
che rec amstion Of fugitive slaves, surely Its may
IN rard, ,ned to tie spirit Of liberty, justly wounded ~
II harsh and revolving features OF the law 80 lar
fro ben constructed with any view &c effect its OBJ
ect n at MEASURE has always seemed 70 Ee TO have te
app ssrsnce 81 being made plrposey onesse IN order
10 inpnIe its Hon-executicn 80 that comPnt aSamss
the Free Sta ess might grow o1t OF It, Mr. Speakef
there De one 9Hor into which ,he OF the CniLed
,,tes most ten fall II is that OF Iegisiang oSer
auch In our eagemese to remedy all sorts on oioi"a
ties we are apt 10 forget that, under every ioiin o.
government the, habits, nannerc, modes OF h'of ana
forms Of education establish Bseia barriers against
whhh the beet constructed stataies arr direaed 10
via Sonetimes this happens because they Want
vigor, sometimes .oecause they nave tIo nauo N
collision with popular prejrSice, bcweger il-
founded, viii ANAL the most bemaoent law
Desn Swift once reused the passicns Of the 1ah
PEOPLE 10 suth q degree as 20 babnh IRON crcua-
lion new copper Currency against winch ' 1 H
shown there was not single scbd objection. Ihas u
bappens that d codes vt all countries Abound In ooeo-
lets laws. 8uth the sumptusry Jaws OF an
tiquity, the osienepeatsd attempts TO regulate 'ne
mice If labor and commodities, the ser seventy &c
the PENALTIES fer tring oiiense1 the constant erorm
10 fix the rate of interest for the use OF money '
well meant endesyors TO prohibit BE sale spiituoo
1850 And for different reasons, Cueh ar hkeWi-e
the Personal Liberty laws. In ayry lags section on
the Free States the former q imperative sn always
will be; and the reason ia that III Narshaes agDua'
runs counter 10 sNtupdsba Va s1S
peoIle II is 10 matter how many lave. Fsn MAKE,
he more cruel they are the less will you te kelly To
find them efficient. This is law OF hunsn ieehns,
which every man made with heart can reSa-i Ioo
prchend II IL this which makes Personal Libsst Avs
of no Use Also The fugitive is never recovered ecanse
people who think iL cruel to return han DSnd AIN
forward aud not because he ba3 any imagined p"oee-
ton in the stsute-book. II, then, you hoPe 10
couneract this tendency the right way TO do ia NOS
20 increase but to soften the severity Of your law
Nitber i'll avail much to claim the repeal OF Per-
sol al Liberty laws, which have never been oil s,asc
use TO ANYBODY bond free. Iris would only Leave
Won iust where you were The dlseulty . IN tho ma
ture of the reclamation. II you are proposing 70 ms
solve the Union because that difficulty cannot be re-
moved the natural question will spring up, Whistler
the rieh of reclamation in shape other, spe
officially guaranteed TO you in the organic ast OF Gov
srnnent, is not worth keeping at all W course yoe
viii let it go if you succeed IN ssparatioh. you
do ia nv humble opinion, you VIII never Ses any
thing Ike security again. Ionr mistake seems to me-
to have been the desire 10 use It too hercey. Ibs
measure now proposed BY the ComEnt,ee u osses
Is calculated to soften the replgnance 70 the
lsw in the Free States, and to corresponding OK
tent TO facilitate the recovery OF fugit,ves bas
frankly confess Mr.. Speaker, my unwiingnsss TO pas
ticpate in the responsibility for this lind Of Legislation
am willing TO leave the question OF modification OF
Otherwise to the representatives Of the border Ststes
" ho most interested III 1t as practical regulation
With us in bIassac usetts am free 10 say that SiDk
both the Fugitive Slave law Of 1850, and the Personal
Liberty law consequent upon 1t, obsolete on The
statute books. Ii we quarrelng about either or
both, we make ground OF dispute ont OF mere alb
q raction ask the Shareholders If you are golag 70
d = olive the Union about it on the one side, how
likely to improve your chances of recovery by thss
on ,he other 1 ask my own frends, II Fes sre willing
20 stake the Union upon adherence to your counter
laoislation are You riskng substance for ab-
stracton, sacrificing benehcent sys.em 70 nphold
statute which has never prevented the recovery OF
single slave nor secured the liberty Of single Tree
mani And now | come TO the second, which haS
b.an called the most serious Ceuse Of dispute
of all but which seems TO me mors OF 81
abstraction than either. j mean lie complaint Of
exclusion from the Territories. And first, as 70
the matter If fact. Who excludes The Shareholders
with their slaves Have they not obtained or'rion
from the Supreme Court which will IN effect override
aDy and every report of Congress against them They
can if they choose, go wherever they hike Gu the
public domain. There ID no majority N Congress- ltseis
do thew not use that right The reason Is plant u
not for their interest to go 20 far North They wi4
not leave the rich bottom lands still open fer the profit
able cultivation of the cotton plant III the South 20 go
to a comparatively arid region furtae! OH The sAve-
holder follows his interest IN applying bis labor IN
that way that will yield the best resus. II he were
compelled by law to remove TO any palt of the tesr
tory from bch he complains that Ne is excnisdy
he would be apt 10 regard the decree a. greater out
rage than any ne now enumeratfs. Tlse law Of p0dh
zeal economy regulates this matter such better taan
any specc statute Ii guides this specs of labor " tho
most suitable place. and that place is sot the territory
of the United States. understand the validity OF thu.
reasoniDg TO be 20 far conceded that teo agyieved
parties are willing surrender all oE II thst Ii north
of the old compromise line to pegpetu1 pre- bbition
OF Slavery thererom. This limits their complaint Of
exclusion the remaining region south OF that line. III
we exclude the Indian reseryati0ns which covered
by solemn treaties this leaves nong bat tho Of
land which goes under the names o. New Mexico and
Arizona II is from this tract they complain of exciu.
SON. 1t is for this tract that they demand constita
tional guaranty of protection TO Slavery, and in
If refsal thew are ready 10 dissolve tha Srion Eox