davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31
The Romance of the War.

The persuasive power of speech and the
sophirtry Of The pen must yield in the extre,
isy Of nations 10 q higher umpire. The
sword. mans Oldest appeal. has found n this
war its original dignity. aud the master men
that led iu debate, and were first at the coun-
ell, have c1me at last to decide the issue with
arms.
S ate Fights and Federal Rights have con-
tended long while upon the stump aud in
the Senate; for in the cloquence of the fra
mers of the Constitution our present troubles
began. After eighty years II agitation, their
final adjustment must be left to generals
rather than orators and writers.
We now present :he attitude of contipuor s
armies extending across the continent be-
tween the sea and prai-ies-thlee hundred
thousand men on either side-to fight out
these rival is.ues. And, apart from its tere
ribe consequences, and the immediate sin in
which it was begotten, this war is noble
heroism and strength of both SECTIONS. 1t has
resolved race of civilians into a race of
soldiers. 1t is a struggle of ideas that do no.
finch from deeds, and OF principles that will
not be yielded but with life. II is demon
stration of practical independence worth
more than the eulogies VI a century. These
armies have been voluntarily gathered, and
they are greater than any that tyranny ever
- ,rk0 he al hat ad
maintained standing army smaller then the
present garrison of Paris, have separately en-
listed forces greater than the entire armies
of the nations of Europe. Citizens whose
wealth and influence would have placed them,
under tyrannies, beyond the reach of con-
scription, are-enisted in our volunteer ar
mics, side by side with the toiling and OBJ
scnre, feeling common devotion In common
cause. Not men alone, but money, is freely
subscribed to the. Republic. The great man.
ufsctories are altered into armories. Those
wIo do not WELD the spear are beat
ing out the sword, and wives, the reward of
whose self sacrifice is widcwhood aud want,
place the steel in the soldiers hand and
cleer hin oh to battle
The whole country is bristling with bayo-
nets. When the echoes of Sumpter had reach
ed New England her children were on the
march, and before the sound of hostilities
had broken upon Europe, troops fiom twelve
States bad rallied on the border line. In any
cause but this. we would have hailed the
spirit of the South. If bold, bad men, can
thus stir up the people of a section, what
could We not expect of the country, contend
ing for common right
The NOrtherner, quick in q bargain but
slow at blow the Southron, iniolent but
when impelled by passion, will exhibit in
this contest their several individualities. 1t
has commenced with few slight successes
in favor Of the hot blood and fierce courage
of the South. II will end in the greatest vic.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31
Keep the Farm Stock Thriving

The change from diet of roast beef and
mutton chops with plenty OF vegetables, to
salt pork and hard crackers, such as was ex-
perienced and complained Of by many volun-
teers in the war, is hardly less great than
that to which animals in northern ATTITUDES
are annually subjected In few weeks the
fresh, juicy herbage SO grateful to bovine
Ialates, will have felt the frost's sharp breath
and become withered and tasteless. Long
befre the cattle and sheep will cease to
Craze, if kept confined to the pasture, their
food will be diminished in nutritive value
Just ct this point in a year, without proper
care, stock will receive a severe check in
their growth. There is danger. in the first
place, tat commencing to feed with an al
lowanoe from the winter stores may be de-
layed too long. The object in feeding should
be not merely to keep animals alive but to
keep them gaining in weight, and to do this,
as the quality of food gathered in the pasture
decreases in value, amends must be made
from other sources. The value of root crops
will now be appreciated. First, there will
be large quantity of the tops, which are
highly relished by stock, ready to feed just
when most needed. When these are exhaus-
ted, the roots themselves will De taken gree-
dily along with the forkfull of hay which the
provident farmer will allow to cattle night
and morning, as the grass begins to tai.
If there be no roots raised, then supply
the deficiency with little corn or oats. The
grain in this case will not be wasted it will
be found again IN the beef, mutton, or wool.
and thus will only be taking little longer
route to market, while it will pay the farmer
heavy tell by greatly increasing the value
of the manure made. In this way the change
from summer to winter feeding may be ma le
so gradual that the animals, with their ap-
petites stimulated by the increasing sharp
ness of the wheather, will scarcely feel it
and by keeping up variety of food, alter
mating with hay, cut straw, stalks, roots. and
grain, they may be kept in full vigor and
growing during the whole winter, and start
off vigorously in spring. Agricut-
tulist.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31
The Cotton Question.

The perrerial cotton tree of Western South
America has been transplanted to Maryland.
and has fourished in q most remarkable
manner. The experiment was made by Mr..
Kendall. Of that State, W no saw the tree in
Peru and Chilli, in 1856, during a mission
in which he was sent by our Government to
collect seeds and plants, and to assist in ta-
king observations of transit routes across
the Continent. He found the tree growing
wild and equally as we'll in the cold high-
lands and mountain regions, as in the sultry
low lands. This suggested the idea that it
might be adapted to the Northern portion of
the United States and he accordingly pro-
cured seeds and plants, and brought them
TO this country. From these he raised
number of trees on his own farm, with great
success and ease, and he AYERS that they
withstood, without injury, the severest win
ter of our latitude. He says that the tree
will thrive and produce abundant1y wher-
ever corn will mature. In its native condi-
ton and in the higher southern latitudes, its
average size and altitude is said to equal
the medium peach of North America, and
the tree most nearly resembles the white
mulberry. The leaves are abundant. the
the flowers profuse, the balls, at maturity,
are twice the size of those born By the her.
baceous plant, while the fibre was found to
be finer and the length of staple increased
as the tree approached the cooler regions
1t may be Iropagated from seed, but more
readily from cuttings simply thrust into the
ground, and may be planted out as an apple,
peach or pear orchard, in field cropped
with any of the cereals, until having reach
ed its full growth, the tree should be allow,
ed to occupy the land exclusively. 1t bears
cutting also, as kindly as any knoSn tree,
and in field culture may be kept so pruned
that its produce shall be within reach of the
hand. The Crop in South America has
reached two thousand pounds to the acre,
whereas the annual cotton plant Of the
Southern States yields but five hundred
pounds to the same area. Peru already ex-
ports of this cotton about six thousand bales
of one hundred and fifty pounds to the bale,
and we are told thai the staple Of the Peru
Wan free cotton, even when produced with
out care or culture, as it usually is in South
America. is superior to the best Upland
staple of the cotton States of the South. In
proof OF this fact, it is said that the cotton
grown in the valley of the Chira sold in the
port of Paita at sixteen dollars per hundred
pounds. Mr.. Kendall is to lecture at the
Cooper institute, New York on the perennial
cotton tree of South America, and he propo-
ses to show that it may be naturalized in all
our Northern States. If his views are well
founded, then better cotton than than that
of the Southern or Gulf States may be pro
duced, by free labor, North Of Mason and
Dixon's line, and more abundantly and econ
omically than that from below the said line.
In such event, Europe may yet derive its
chief supply of cotton from the States of this
Union.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31
Our Country.

On primal rocks she wrote her name
Her tower were reared on holy graves;
The golden seed that bore her came
Swift-winged With prsyer Ger ocean vavss.
The Forest bowed his solemn crest,
And open flung his sylvan doors
Meek Rivers led the appo inted Guest
To clasp the wide embracing shores
Till, fold by fold, the embroidered land
To swell her virgin vestments grew,
While Ssges strong in heart and hand,
Her virtues fiery girdle drew.
Oh Exile of the wrath of kings
0 Pilgrim Ark Of Liberty
The refuge of diyinsst things,
Their record must abide in thee.
First in the glories Of thy front
Let the crown jewel Truth, be found
Thy right hand fling, with generous wont,
Loves happy chain to farthest bound
Let Justice, with tho faultlcss scales,
Hold fast tho worship of thy sons;
Thy commerce ,prcad her shining sails
Where ne dark tide of rapine runs.
So link thy ways to tho of God,
so follow firm the heavenly laws,
That stars may greet thee warrior -browed,
And storm sped angels hail thy eausa.
Ch land, the measure of our prayers,
epe If tho world in grief and wrong,
Be thiRo The tribute of the years.
The gift of Faith, the crown of Song.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31
Secession III Bucyrus.

The Bucyrus Journal, published in Craw-
ford county, ohio is out against the Governs
ment Of Ohio, III Bucyrus county, and in
favor of coEfederacy;' of her own. The
causes of grievance are stated as follows:
1t refused to locate the capital at Bucyrus
to the great detr;mentof our real-estate own
erS.
1t refused to gravel the streets of Bucyrus,
or even to relay the plank road.
1t refused to locate the penitentary at Blu
cyrus, notwithstanding we do as much to-
ward filling it as any other county, thus
blghtening the hopes of onr free, indepen-
dent and patriotic peanut venders.
1t refused to locate the State Fair at Bu-
cyrus
1t located the Ohio canal one hundred
miles east of Bucyrus.
We never had Governor, notwithstand-
ing we have any number Of men as superior
to the hoary old dotard who now fills that
post, as the bright refulgent sun is to tai.
l)w candle.
Ditto, ditto, ditto, as to United States Sem
ator.
1t mas enticed our citizens away, by ma
king them Supreme Judges as soon as they
are out of the county.
1t has compelled us to pay, year after year
ur share of the State taxes.
1t puts us in the same Congressional dis
trict with Ottowa county.
No citizen of the county has ever been ap-
pointed to any place whore theft Is possible,
thus wilIfully keeping capital o of the
county.
It selected Seneca county men for two
terms for State Treasurer, thus making sure
of having the treasury cleaned out.
1t has stigmatsed our county the mud
county"
1t refused to pay our railroad subscription
and has never offered TO slack water on the
Sandusky river.
These are but very few of the grievances
we have submitted to. We could stretch
out the list indefinitely, but these are sufFi-
clent. We will no longer submit. The
storm is rising. Companies of twoforty
men are being organized in every township.
Our representative have agreed to resign
next March. The independent tag-musk,
rat rampant, weasel couchant, on a field
d'eggshell floats from poles on every cor
ner Cut off from the State, direct trade
with Indiana follows: released from tndebt.
edness to Clnciaatti and Cleveland our mer-
chants will again hit their heads. We are
in earnest. Armed with justice and shawl,
pins, we bid the hireling tools of despotic
Government defiance.
P. The feeling is idtense, extending
even 20 children. A boy just passed ur
office displaying the Secession flag. It waved
from behine DisdainIng coneeal.1ent, the
noble, lion hearted boy wore roundabout.
We are firm.
N. B.-We are calm, firm, unyleld'ng.
LATER-A farmer in the western part Of
the county came in to day to get gun fixed.
Trembe, ye Columbusers We are firm
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31
How the Army of the Potomac is
Supplid with Bread.

| The great army bakery, carried on in the
exterior vaults of the Capitol, is an establish
ment of considerable interest. 1t is under
the control of Lieut. Thomas Cate, Tweft h
three months in the Massachusetts Sixth reg
iment which was, for time, quartered in the
| Capitol. When the necessity of bakery
was apparent, the lieutenant promptly Offer
his services to build the ovens and so well
did he execute his trust that the War De-
partment thought proper to retain him as the
superintendent, with the rank Of First Lieus
tentant in the regular army.
He has employed about one hundred and
seventy hands-s day squad and night
squad. They nearly all sleep in the build.
ing and are furnished their meals from an
ample kitchen. Immediately adjoining the
kitchen are the dining-rooms, and shining
tables and clean floors bear testimony to the
propriety of the arrangements generally. By
this bakery the defenders of the common
country are supplied with pure, wholesome,
fresh bread. the same as obtained from the
city bakers; and any one who has endeav-
ored to masticate the hard ship biscuit, for
merly served out to the soldiers, will, in an
instant, see the benefits derived from this ar
my bakery. In it's employ are twelve way
ons, which are constantly going forth loaded
with fresh bread for the soldiers this side of
the Potomac, carrying daily some $4,000
loaves. Each loaf, when delivered to the
soldier, weighs twenty-five ounces, amply
sufficient for days ration.
The takery CT nsumes one hundred and for
ty barrels of -four per day, and it is such
-four as our citizens usually purchase for
home consumption. Attached to the bakery
is yeast room, where are kept constantly
employed, eight men who furnish yeast sui
fcieni obtained principally from twenty four
bushels of Irish potatoes) for the immense
amount of dough daily made up and eonsum-
ed. The internal arrangements of this ba-
kerry must be to be appreciated. The work
men are quiet, courteous and industrious, and
visitor to the Capitol would be unaware of
the unceasing industry carried on beneath
him if his attention were not called to the
fact.
The ovens are large and we'll built. and
are each capable of be king about 4, 300 lOavcs
Of bread every twenty four hours From per-
sonal observation Of .he manner in which
the dough is worked we can safely recon-
mend it as being equal to any bread made in
the district With such food our volunteers
are well satisfied, and, thus invigorated, each
man feels himself prepared for all the peris
Of the campaign. and for the victory in pros
pect- National Intelli1enrer
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31
Hints to Housekeepers.

A good washing fluid may be made of hot
water and plenty of soft soap.
Plenty of good fresh butter and good
appetite will keep bread from moulding.
Wooden rags should always be washed in
sweet oil before they are made into fanne
cakes.
Childrens' dresses wear longer by letting
them reach to the ankles.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31

FIGHT YOURSELF A FARM Vote your
self a farm was for long time clap trap
phrase of certain class of politica' dena-
gogues. Fight yourselves farm is now
legitimate and patriotic. The Government
now owns 60,000,000 acres, which have
been surveyed and offered for sale, and ready
for private entry. Beside this, nearly 45.-
100000 acres have been surveyed, but not
put in the market, which may be taken up
by preemptors. This is exclusive of the
immense tracts of land which have not been
surveyed in the new Territories of Dacotah,
Colorado and Nevada.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31

The JUNIATA REGIMENT w. D. Lew
iss Jr., has been appointed Colonel of the Ju-
niata Regiment of volunteers, and the ape
pointment has been formally approved by
Governor Curtin. Colonel Lewis will pro-
ceed at once to Huntingdon, to take charge
of his regiment, now in camp.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31

A REBEL. DEFEAT IN KENTUCKY. The reb-
els under Zollicoffer, amounting to nearly
1000 men, on Monday attacked Union
camp under Col. Garrard in Kentucky. The
Union forces numbered about 1900. Three
different attacks were made by the rebels,
but they were repulsed with loss. Our loss
four killed and twenty wounded.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31

WE have the official accounts made up in
September, of the number of troops which
four of the Southern States had in the field
in that month, which we give below. COM
pared with the statements of the forces
which an equal number Of Northern States
have despatched to the seat of war:
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31

s@ The mind, like the eye, sees all thing
rather. than itself.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31

s9r Infdels are generally credulous.
They believe everything but the Word o.
God.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31

n@- The snakes poison is in his teeth
the slanderer's in bis tongue.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31
"Clothes Don't Make the Man.


A Washington corr ,spondent of the Phil
adelpbia Press says:
There are so many great men here that
you begin to have an idea that every body is
great. Angels have been entertained una
wares in the olden time, and have seen an
orderly sergeant stop the carriage of a Cab
met minister, and ask him % carry a bundle
Of letters to the post-nffice, /" if he was going
that way" You can't 90 by appearances
The shabbiest bat have seen in town was
worn by statesman of high position and
great fame-while a certain distinguished
parsonage is generally attired in clothing
which would exci,e the disdain OF your
Chestnut street dandies. Some of our great
est men are the least pretending. Do You
see that middle sized man, with the piercing
gray eye, The light mustache and imperial
wearing plain blue military blouse, and
with a common foraging cap pushed back on
his head? He wears no insignia of rank,
but you know he is soldier. and wou?d pro-
badly pass him for junior lieutenant of
infantry. He goes rapidly along, with a
Ii tie dash in his manner, and calmly smokes
cigar as he talks to gray bearded oflcer.
who listens attentively, The young officer
is General George B. Mcclellan, while mis-
listener is Colonel Van Welt, of his staff"
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31

n@r Mr.. Elisha Brown. of Oswsgo N. Y.
has seven sons in the Federal army.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31
John Bigler Turning up Again

The San Francisco Mirror of the Goth ult
has the following notice of the California
Bigler. who is the brother and political pro-
totype of our renowned ex-senator:
"JoHN BIGLER 1t is said tha. our late
minister to Chill, Mr.. John Bigler. On the
occasion OF the farewell banquet given him
at Santiago. made speech, which was a
Union effort, depriciat,ng aoar, etc. Mr.. Big.
ler belongsto tbat school which still holds to
the idea that the United States is an aggres-
sor, and that if the South had been allowed
to 90 quietly out Of the Union, and retain
possession of their property, there would have
been no war. 1t is needless to say. that
peace on the terms proposed by the Southern
Confederacy would be no peace at all, but
would at once shift the war from the South
TO New York. ALI men like Mr.. Biger will
bear watching"
RULES FOR READING.-Read the best books
which wise and sensible persons advise, and
study them with reflection and examination
Read with firm determination to mako use
of all you read. Do not, by reading neglect
more immediate or more important duty. :
De not read with view cf making display
of your reading. Do not read too much at a
time. Reflect on what you read, and let il
be moderately enjoyed and well digestsd.
Centre Democrat. [volume] (Bellefonte, Pa.) 1848-1989, 1861-10-31
THE CENTRE DEMOCRAT,
IS PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING
BY j. j. BRISBIN.

Office in Reynolds Iron Front, Second Floor.
Daily Nashville patriot. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1860-1862, 1861-05-04

4. DOZEN Coal Oil Lamps, Of various styles, fitted
u with the celebrated Collins Burner, Tor sale Dy
feb25-u RAINS, BROWN & co.
Daily Nashville patriot. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1860-1862, 1861-05-04
Bakery and Confectionery for

HyHS Establishment II located In the most pleasant
L part Of the city, and Ia doing good cash BUSH
ness bus owing 70 the III health Of the proprietor
win be disposed Of at reasonable price, and terms 70
suit the purchaser For particulars enquire Of Mr..
Camp, 81 this od5ce febl2-tf
Daily Nashville patriot. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1860-1862, 1861-05-04

THE two BOARDING HOUSES o. tho Wharf owned
before the 12th January, VIA be renfs e public out
CRY . the hsheet bIdder For terms, -, npply a
]. 6surnan, at ths Rock City Nus
dec22-u " a. GORDON
Daily Nashville patriot. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1860-1862, 1861-05-04
Aashrille gatrint.
TERMS:

TERMS:
Daily, per annum-. 90
lf--kctkity pei 11lA1uA, 30 W
weekly, pr 6nuuln "
One Weekly for. two years. or two Weekiies
for one year, in advance,--.- s. 90
When the Daily, Tri-Weekly Weekly Is 10 be dis
continued (paid In advance the time subscribed
the subscriber must order, otherwise it viii be confin
ued, at cur option, unft paid for and stopped II
not paid II must be paid at the time of dscentinuance
or at our option theparty Is good, it viii be sent
until paid
Remittances by mail, in ssregstered'' letters
Daily Nashville patriot. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1860-1862, 1861-05-04
Cross Ties W anted

fTNHE Nashville and Northwestern Railroad Com
i pany wish to contract for 40, 900 CEDAR CROSS
TIES, feet long, inches thick, well hewn face
narrowest place not less than inches clear of bark
timber to be sound to be delivered at the grade line
Of the road IN Nashville
The contractors want to contract for so 600 WHITE
or POSTOAK TIES of the size the above to be
delivered on the line of the road piles from section
IA to section "A enough each section supply the
same.
Persons wishing to bid will direct to the President
and Directors Of the Nashville and North western Rail-
road Company, Nashville, Tennessee.
juy21-G
Daily Nashville patriot. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1860-1862, 1861-05-04
NASHVILLE, TENN. SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1861
Joyful News.
The Cry is "still They Come
WHAT

Why beautiful goods, that Will cause great talk.
As our old friend, n Powers, has Just returned from
New York
And is receiving at his store Southeast of the
Square,
rich Spring and Summer Stock, which he'n sell very
fair,
Embracing clothing and every article in the furnishing
line,
Which beauty and durability are SO etruy divine
He has coats and pants of almost every style and
80 shade.
Most fashionabIy cut, and very neatly pressed and
made;
And as for handsome vests-he'n sell you one in
flash
For the very least possible share of your cash.
Nor forgetting oid-line Wings and Democrats,
For whom he keeps a varietT of suitable hats,
The finest caps-all fancies sure to please
Both cloth and silk and new style Japanese;
Handsome shirts, and splendid cravats and collars,
So to II. Powers don't neglect to bring your dollars;
For with myriads we would dispute,
VINO dare say his garments fail to suit;
Those most neat and fastidious in taste,
Who of in badly made clothes their money waste.
But strange to say: for the very smallest sum,
You feel inclined to expend at Powers Emporium,
He will give you bargains very rcih rare,
That will compel you for months to wonder and stare
He keeps clothing to suit the large and the small
And to credit our word, just give him a call.
ssQuck sales and small profits is his motto long
traced,
So to NJ. Powers Store for bargains make haste.
aDr.s-0fn