The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-01-19


Ash 90 the subject Of siay.ry, until al! men shall 90
agreed as 10 the moral s,Ad economical principles on
which rests This stru. gle attended with all the
angry discussions which had so signay marked the two
prev Gus entess ynen now disunion was threaten
years carcey any other question OF interest was known
oist ossod a Congress AT length in september, 1900
ahcGlh, In some quarters uen acquiescence folio we'd
fs leading spirits OF all parties however, AZ that me
vowed eternal hdety TO that compromise and the public
Ld ~ that time had reason to hope that our dominion
having reached the Pacific Ocean, future acquisition of
territory would not be desired and by consequence this
fsstyrting question would not again arise. In ls64O
however by the repeal of the law of 1921 known the
nssur Compromise, and the attempt TO extend slavery
mo territory where by that venerable law il had been
Erohhiteu, this disturbing question again opened
'sat the grave in which il had been buried In 1s5e
This fearful spirit Of discord arose. The present
seplorobe condition Of the country bears wit
ness to the mischief which it has wrought
VS. sea strong and opposite parties main
sasang cpposip, opinions this very question: these
hstlo apnons strenuously adhered to each sde
Ieaysns iittle,or no hope of agreement without
der e convictions honestly entertained. An adjust.
founded upon legal pr lnclpes, on which all VIII
s,sypr Ne subject meeter Of controversy this
opnion and by another mode OF settlement giving
70 The Scah and the North all thai each under existing
seems the committee the best if not the only, mode OF
eeAces Bile adjustment left us -
The committee are impressed with the belief growing
sat al the admonitons furnished by past history,
fhS, in republic constituted as s, in all cases
1here parties tstinately divided in opinion SUBJ
es whic touch The interests make up the passions
Of sections, is the clear dictate Of sound policy
ga,tis, and TO keep the federal government as removed
from any connection uc ii duty % the constitution
yersy, involving the right to carry. slavery into
riory no. yet formed into State governments pecu
harry htted for the application OF the principle just
Sounced
It contendej, the hand, that in all the terrific
~ possession Of the United States embraced
within the limits Of any State and lying south q the
parallel OF latitude thirtysx degrees thirty minutes
os Congress The territory thus defined comprehends
fhe new organized Territory of New Mexico including
m Sn5 aa as nary Fay y % egnsre has Deen at
organized 1850 By its organic law the Territorial
Legislature was authorized g enac, laws and report them
20 Congress. II was provided in the that if
Congress should disapprove Of the laws thus made they
shduld be null and void
Ii The year 1859, the Territorial Legislature of New
Mexico established slavery in that Territory. This law
Aanucd ut the last session Of Congress BY vote Of the
Mouse but the senate have not Vet acted upon the bill.
80 the law Of the Territory not having been annulled by
both houses Of Congress, remains in fun force and is
fhus established and exists by law in New Mexico.
MExlCo
IT'S further provided by tie act OF 1850 that New
Mexico when she is admitted into the Union shall be
admitted with without slavery, as her constitution
nAy ordan. The committee propose admit New
Mexico into the Union State equal footing with
abe original States. By this The faith the ma
tor pledged in the act Of 1850, will be preserved and
serrrory wing south Of the parallel Of 81 deg 80 min
viii disposed of and the subject of controversy
removed from the Jurisdiction OF he federal government
Thus all claimed by the south will be obtained while the
northern portion " our remaining territory will be
snbc 10 sch laws as The constitution and Congress may
rorn,sh its government.
Un,on, including the territory of all the States IL will be
kund that the of all e free States and Territories
including all north Of the line OF so deg so min contains
1,6ls779 square miles and population Of 1906, 739
making population Of ABOUT II DO to the sqaare mile
Tho OF the slavehoding States. including New Mex
o, 09i 504 square miles, with federal population Of
1lV TO The square mile
BY his arrangement Of all the territory owned by the
United states when New Mexico is admitted slave
sete that Possessed by the slaveholdng viii be
occupied BY the ayehodng States and Territories
The conmstee az loss TO CONCEIVE what more than
ms be demanded desired by the South. This set
t1nclt conmends itself acceptance which
demands Of any surrender Of opinion for against
hw ana wi,hdraws forever IRON contest between North
and South all territory which the latter desires to
constituting il State with the privilege belonging
al States 10 adopt such domestic institutions as her own
fepse of duty and interest shall dete mine,
POPULATION THE PROPOSED
Eh b. objected that the population OF the proposed
nate small 70 justify her admission into the Union
white population than eher of the two states in the
unon ana represented m both branches of Congress.
The present population Of View Mexico. including New
nexico estimated at los 600 This computation of
and population may not ne correct bn: based on rela
ole daa. may also be objected that the present
OF the Territory equal the support
Slate government If this object IN has any Foundation
IN fact may be easily removed by liberal donations
slsb congress has al,en before made
nasir coming into the Union The committee consider
these and other objections TO this plan. which might be
suggested, 100 ms snihcan. weigh for moment
1sans, he nsalrable benefit 70 al the states and all
Ahs people o. al the states which it IS hoped may flow
adoption the proposed other plans
ard pojes o. adjustment have been presented AMI
edered ~ The comnittee. All of them. however involve
De surrender opinions questions constitutional
u long held by alarge portion OF the people and too
Firmly grounded in Their con' ctous 70 Justify demand
Of their abandonment especially when the result desired
by all can be reached without that sacrifice
MAIS naTi0ir.
From the beginning Of deliberations il appa-
v,n. that the disposition Of that portion Of territory
lying north Of the parallel Of 81 degrees 30
che main subject OF difficulty. The settlement OF that
qles,On however, complicated with a provision
much insisted for territory hereafter 20 be acquired
This did not seem TO the committe" properly 10 belong
not fnt~r
extend their consideration o: the embarras aris
ing Of the occupation Of territory now hin our
possession territory which might might here
sf,er be acquired. II seemed 10 Thorn improper il not
absurd, while government WIS threatened with over
Throw by angry con TO -ersy touching the Opposition
~ present terr toral possessions 10 employ time
n arranging for a partition among ourselves OF the
territorial dominions OF neehborng nations, looking 10
fIture which, when y shah come, wiH prooaoly oring
With Il Circumstances and con iitions which could not
he roroscen, and when therefore, should he left 20
Tho Judgments Of those whose duty may become TO
der ard act upon them.
SLAVERY is THE pisIRItT COLUMBIA.
The subject Of slavery IN tho District 81 Columbia, and
n these places in savehoding states where the fe
she inter state slave trade have been disposed OF by
resolution accompanying tins re ori AMI the reason
fcr TIA disposition briefly gwen IN the resolution itself
Tho rendition OF fulitiyes from justice has at all times
md especially lately been source o: much rci,aton
between the states and has recently connected inseif
unhappy, with the subject o. slavery. The provisions
Of the constitution have been differently construed by
The Governors Of derent states leading controversy
1sfrendly - those sm'able relations which shoud al
WAYS subsist between the states.
To remedy this mischis the committee have thought
expedcnl e. transfer the duty Of acting upon the relG
stsops OF fpgves from Justice from the Governors Of
sho states . the courts OF the United states as to
judicial construction OF the constitution, and also
secure uniformity OF aston on the subject and present
bill for that purpose.
The committee have prepared several resolutions.
which DO not propose action any specific subject but
which II adopted and approved by vote Of the House,
nay serve TO announce principles which seem in
qrtors be questioned, while their adoption may tend
errors and Misrepresentation that have OBJ
tanned general belief In the southern section Of the
DAtou
The Intrinsic difficulties which belong 20 the subec,
mast De the apology OF the committee for the time con-
suIned coming 20 the conclusions submitted to
tn House II the results which have reached should
All 10 accomplish tho so much desired end, the commit
Tee Sill the confident belief that will
speedily adopt measure which win be acceptable to
II Just and fair basis upon which the fraterna rela
hsps between all sections of the Union may be restored
n In 10 obs xcrc NM