davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27

When we consider that all this oil is car
ried in wagons over a rough Pennsylvania
road for twenty-five miles to reach the rail
at Union Mills, the statement will appear
reasonable that not less than 500 teams
are constantly employed in the oil trade.
A railroad to Titusville viii probably be
built the ensuing season. Titusville itself
has quadrupled its population within a
year. s.-.. ..nEr-
The appearance Of Ibis oil IN the crude
state is as thin as aOateT, and Of a reddish
6rolOa color. When it first comes from
the wells it is as infammable as spirit
gas. Indeed. the gas often takes fire at
the wells. Yats, derricks. barrels, and all
have often been burned up by the careless
use of a candle or matcA about the wells.
In the process of distillation or refining
the crude oil parts with from 20 to 10 per
cent of It's original elements, and becomes
as pure and hmpid as water, and as free
from the explosive element as whale oil.
AS an iIluminator, the refined oil affords
a steady, clear light, almost equal to gas
in brllliancy. One ordinary lamp, Burn
ing half pint in ten or twelve hours will
give light equal to six common candles,
and far more brilliant than sperm oil will
afford. 1t is clean and not greasy in its
nature. 1t has slight odor of naptha,
but not more unpleasant than that arising
from spirit gas. The wholesale price Of
the refined oil is now eighty cents per gal
lon. -
A recent number of Tile London Times
speaks of this oil as new article of Amer
ican commerce that has found its way to
England. and met with much favor. We
know of no new article in the history of
recent discoveries that has so readily found
an unlimited market Some of the land
owners around Titusville have already a.
chieYed incomes of 100000 per annum.
As to the origin of this oil there arc
many theories and cOnjectures. Its geo
logical position is beneath the bituminous
coal1beds, and above the anthracite. The
petroleum is probably derived from the nat
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27

They haven't heard the news in Cuba.
South Carolina is not recognized there
Gov. Pickens must send Col Hayne or
somebody down with an "ultimatum. =
For it appears that the master of brg
arriving at Portland, Me-, on the 30th ult.,
reports that the day before he sailed from
Cuba, an enterprising brigatine, passing
Moro Castle with the Palmetto Flag flying.
was brought to anchor by the officer in
command Of the castle, and kept under his
guns Until-hoisting the old stars and
stripes-she was permitted to proceed
The disgust of the CarOlin ian must be i'm
agined. Lest he be indicted for treason
the moment he reaches home, he had bet
ter now turn pirate and roam the seas
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27
HENRY CLAY's FORESIGHT.

The following extracts from Henry Claws
correspondence with Daniel Ullman have
singular interest at the present time: is
--.. JUSE I4th, 1851.
''of the candidates spoken Of on the
Democratic side, l confess that should
prefer Gen. Cass. He is. I think, more to
be relied on than any of his competitors
During the trials of the long session Of the
last Congress he bore himself firmly, con-
sistently, and patriotically. 20
besides pre-existing questions, new
one will probably arise at the nest session
of Congress involving the right of any one
of the States of the Union, upon its own
separate will and pleasure, to secede from
the residue and become a distinct and in
dependent Power. The decision of that
momentous question cannot but exert some
influence, more or less, upon the next Pres
idential election For my own part, / ut
terly deny the existence of any such right.
and | think an attempt to exercise it ought
to be resisted te the last extremity; for it
is in fact question of Unien or no Union.
SEPTEMBER 20, 1891. 2
Il have no doubt. with you. that many
of the quiet and well disposed citizens Of
South Carolina are opposed to the measures
of violence which are threatened by others.
But the danger is, as history shows too Of
ten happens, that the bold, the daring. and
the violent will get the control, and push
their measures to a fatal extreme. Should
the State resolve to secede, it will present
a new form of trial to eur system; but |
entertain undOubting confidence that it
will come out of it-with the most trium-
phant success"
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27
MfsteHan&ons.
THE WONDERFUL OIL SPRINGS OF
PENNSYLVANIA:

Oil springs have for a long time been
known to exist in the western part of Penn
sylvania; but when, a few months since,
the fact was announced that well had
been opened from which good burning oil
could be pumped in appareR tly inexhaust-
ible quantities, many smiled incredulOusly,
while others gave the item turn or two
in the mind, and then passed it as of little
consequence. .rsa0 u
Having recently visited a portion of the
oil regions, we drop feWebservations.-
TitusYille the first well was open
eds in Crawford county, Pa, situated
on Old Greek, about forty miles southeast
of Erie, and within about twenty-four hours
ride of New York
The pioneer well was opened by Mr.. Z.
/. Drake in the fall of 1859. He sunk a
shaft 4 inches in diameter through 20
feet of earth. and 80 feet of rock. The re-
suit was, that instead of daily yield of
from II to l5 gallons asobtained from the
spring, he struck a vein or crevice from
which be readily pumped from 25 to 80
barrels per day.
From the date of this discovery the ex-
citemeRt commenced. 1t was at once CON
cluded that brakes success was an indica-
ton that under all that region was one
vast lake of oil, and that all man had to
do was to bore his hole. and he would have
a source of wealth more sure and valuable
than a geld mine The more sanguine
owress Of lands resolved not to sell at any
price. although they could readily have ta-
ken for their farms Gye times the amount
at which they previously held them; while
a few. dazzled by the tempting offers which
SO much exceeded all former hopes, exehan-
ged their lands for gold. Those who were
the owners of the bottom lands leased out
small portions of them on condition that
the tenant should bore for oil, and, if sue
cessful, should pay as rent from one-third
TO one-half of all he might obtain. Many
took leases of this kind, and were more OF
less successful; while others. after spend
ing their money and their efforts in vain
were compelled to give up for the want o
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27

SECESSION AND sUICIDR.-The Tribnle'S S
correspondent at Washington says 1t is
very evident from information received
here that attempted secession in Maryland,
Missouri. Delaware and other border Slave
States, will be inevitably followed by civil
war within those States among their own
people, in every county and every town.
Judge Catron of the Supreme Court docs not
hesitate to declare that this result will GER
tainly take place in Tennessee. And 9th
er testimony equally emphatic is abundant
in regard to that and all the other border
Slavs States. Like a pig swimming a
river. Secession will thus cut its own throat
if left to itself Our cOmpromisers are the
only men who are redeeming it from the
disasterous consequences of its infamous dis
loyalty.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27

II
The blood that flowed at Lexington, and Grim
soned bright Champlain,
Streams still along the Southern Gulf, and BY
the lakes of Maine;
1t flows In veins that swell above Pacific 5
golden sand, r.-..
And thOrbs in hearts that love and grievs by
dark Atlantic's strands
1t binds in one vast brotherhood the trappers o.
the West
Where men whose cities glass themselves on
Eries classic breast: z5r.rE-=i -1s
And those to whom September brings the fire.
side social hours.
With those who see December's brow all
wreathed with gorgeous flowers:
From where Columbia laughs to grcetthe smil-
ing gwestern wave,
TOwhere Potomac sighs beside the patriot he
-ro's grave;
And from. the cleaning everglades to HurOn's
lordly flood,
The glory ofandtiOn's past thrills through q
kindred blood.
Wherever ArnOld's tale is told it dyes the
cheek with shame,
And glous with pride Ger Bunker Hill or
Moultrie's wider fame; .---
And lzhereso' 'er above the fray the stars of en-
pire CLEAN; rE
Upon. the deck or DER the dust it proves COM
mon theme ! aai r.
81 bisV % .s1-ssl- s.lala1. l.a.l ..-...r
1t is sacred legacy Ye never can divide,
Or take from village urchin nor son of city
PRIDE,
Nor the hunters white haired children who
find Faithful home t-E4LL1 II
Where nameless lakes rcsparkling. and where
lonely rivers roam.
Greene drew his sword at Eutaw, and bleed
ing Southern feet
Trod the march across the Delaware, amid the
snow and sleet
Andloi upon @.fi.e parchment, where our natal
record shines.
The burning page of jefferson bears Franklin's
ealmer.lilnesiTZ8TTA .5TZIDL
COuld.YeadiEidet that record bright, and tear
-thesnanIcs apart zzs Is ID -f-s l-
That first were written boldly there with
plight of hand and heart
Could ye erase Hancock s name cen with the
.sabre's edge .s- a-- vl.3 e.. a.- &
Orwash out with fraternal blood Carroll's
double pledge?
Say, can the South sell all her share in Bun
kef's ho4ry height, 2 '---- '~--.- e
Or can the North give up her boast in York
towns closing fight
Can ye divide with equal hand heritage of
graves,
Or rend in twain the starry flag that O'er them
proudly waves ~ MIG y q
Can ye cast lots for yernon's soil. or chatter
mid the gloom
That hangs its solemn folds about your com
mon Fathers tomb -
Or could you meet around his graveas patriot
dal foes, rr. i-5at
And breathe your burning curses Ger his calm
repOse
Ye dare not is the Aneghanian's thunder
toned decree
IT'S echoed where Nevada guards the blue and
tranquil lea; .-.' -i-
Where tropic waves delighted clasp our flow
ing Southern shore -
And where through foaming mountain gates
Nebraska's waters roar.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27

CURIOUS SCENE IN WASHINGTON The
ATRE-Quite an exciting scene occurred in
the theatre on Monday night as Our
American Cousin at Home" was being
played. While the panorama of the Hud-
son was passing before the audience, aview
of West Point was presented. Lord Dun
dreary (Mr. Southern) asked what place
it was; Miss Shaw answered, that it was
the place where American officers were
made, where our Major Anderson came
from. At this answer a few Kisses
were heard, but in an instant the cheers
of the audience drowned them; the gentle
men cheered, and the ladies, who are ever
true to their handkerchiefs. In the mean
time the orchestra struck up that patriotic
tune 1.-The Red, White and Blue which
added to the already exciting scene
Washington Republican.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27

ONE OF DANIEL WEBsTER's BEsT.-The
late Kendall o. Peabody. of Franklin, was
accustomed to tell the following, which we
have never seen in pint:
Mr.. Webster and Henry Clay were
standing on the steps of one of the hotels
in Washington, and Mr.. Peabody was close
by and heard what was said. \ drove Of
Jachasses was passing by, and Mr.. Clay
thought it good opportunity to get joke
upon Mr.. Webster. He patted him upon
the shoulder, pointed to the long cared
dOnkeys, and said:
MIR Webster, there are some of your
Northern constituents.
"Yes," replied the great statesman, 'gO-
ing south to teach school"
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27

An IRISH DIsCUssIoN.-A contractor
who was building a tunnel on certain
Ohio railroad observed one morning, that
the face of a member of his gang had its
surface all spotted with bruises and plas,
ters.
.Ah! Jimmy" said he, "what have you
been doin'!''
Not varey much. sir" answered Jim
nv. 81 was jist down at Billy Mulligan'S
last night. sur. an him an me had j bit
av discooshen lgid sticks.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27

In the spring of 1880. Sir Henry Gin
ton and Vice Admiral Arbuthnot, appear
ed before Charleston, and demanded a
surrender to his British Majesty's forces
The gallant General Lincoln, in command
Of the American forces. repulsed this AFRO
CANT demand, with the scOrn and contempt
Of a brave officer. They hare hated the
name of LiRcoLs ereF since! The people
of Charleston. and nearly all South Caro-
lima, being tories, the basest character,
took the matter in their own hands, and
threatened the gallant Lincoln with betray-
ing himinto the hands of the British forces
if he did not come to such terms as pleas
cd them"
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27
SINGULAR Sorxr-GnL DANCERS SOLD

AT AUcTIoN.-A foreign correspondent
writing from town in Germany, says
The auction of dancers at a village is
a curious affair The girls are all assem-
bled on an open space, generally IN front
of the hurgomaster's store, and an auction
eer having been chosen among the young
men-generally wag in his way he
names Roschen, Narmschen, Kirtchen, and
all the other chenS (an endearing diminu-
tive by which the lasses are styled) are
called out, and the auction for the dancer
proceeds, which gives the highest bidder
the sole right over her hand for the year,
at all the fete dancings and rejoicings that
take place, and these are not few. 1t is
generally an understood thing that it is
akin to a declaration but still is not in any
way binding. OF course, there are strug-
giles and competition for the prettiest, but
She falls to the richest The cash goes to
pay musicians and spread or twO, and,
if anything is over, is given to the Church.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27
Victims of faro,banks must allow that

Victims Of faro banks must allow that
gamblers have very a1ia-some ways.
At what season were Adam and Eve
most unhappy in Eden? In the Fall
The only State in the Unisn ruled over
by a special prOvidence-RhOde Island.
When have married people passed thro'
the alphabet of love? When they reach
the babe,
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27

"What do you call this?'' said Jones,
tapping his breakfast lightly with his fork.
A.Call it," snarled the landlord; "what do
you call it?'' well really" said Jones,
Il don't know, it hasn't quite hair enough
in it for plaster, but there's leetle too
much in it for hash.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27

SCENE on the Pacific Railroad, (when
fnished.) Baggage Master-"Any baggage.
sir?'' Venerable Camanche-"fes; three
strings of scalps, carpet-bag, and a bot
tie of Schnapps.' 'Be particularly care
full with the scalps and schnapps, if you
please"
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27
Pnrs1nrNr RrcuaNAN. does moi, appcar

PRESIDENT BUCHANAN does net5appcar
to challenge admiration abroad. A Man.
chester (England) paper speaking OF his o
course in our present national difficulties
saws that whatever he does is wrOng-fer
the simple reason that he does it exactly
at the wrong time. Some men are born
to render powerful assistance in building
UP great States. Mr. Buchanan is likely
to shine in history among those who have
q talent for destroying thera. . a.t
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27

Dox'r ricit blacksmith's attention by
ironically heating his temper with the as
sertion that he will forge and steel, for fear
YOU may get hammered and rolled out.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27
80. 9oetrp
WHTTTIER ON THE UNION.

John G. Whittier has written many good
things, few equal to the following patriotic
lines. BE glOries in our race. our nation, ou r
prosperity. power, and growth; therefore his
pen had sort OF inspiration when he penned
these verses:
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27
GoRErNoE FLoYp REFLEcrs.

Mr.. Benjamin visited Governor Floyd,
and expOstulated with him about this swim
die. Two days afterwards Mr.. Benjamin
received note from him informing him
that he was obliged for the frank state
ment he had made to him, and that upon
reflection he had determined he would ac-
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27

Mr.. Richard B. Irving, the faithful and
intelligent clerk to whom reference has
been made elsewhere in this report, says
in his evidence: ''There may, of course,
be outstanding acteptances, of the where
abOuts of which the Department has nc
knowledge" There will also be found
embraced in his evidence, given upon be-
ing recalled before the committee on the
9th instant, letter addressed by R. A.
Barnes, Esq, President of the Bank of the
State of Missouri, under date of January
24th, 1861, to the Hon. Jos. Holt Secre,
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-02-27

The report Closes Oy Showing InaI GOV
Floyd, even after Mr.. Benjamin's expostu-
lation and his own reflection, continued
to issue aceeptances. Whether this mani
fest contempt of cOunseis, disObedience Of
law. and violation of a solemn promise. can
be reconciled with purity of private mo-
tives, and faithfulness to public trusts, is
for the House to determine 1t Is the
opinion of your Committee that they can
not
, 1861-01-11
AMERICAN SCHOOL -NSTITTTE.

THE OBJECT OF THIS INSTITUTE IS TO
furnish competent and well qualified Teachers for
Schools and Families, and Teachers with desirable
situations.
Also, School Merchandise. The most modern style
Of Desks and Chairs for school rooms, at the lowest
prices.
Among the many articles now for sale are the
Adamantne Sa.es Slate Globes, Philosophical Charts
and new Outline Maps.
School Property bought and sold on commission.
Circulars Of all the Private Schools kept hand.
Parents seeking for Schools are invited 10 call and
select.
The EDUCATON HERALD, issued monthly ex.
pressly for teachers, can be had at this Office.
-. W. HOLT, Agent
70 Montgomery street. corner Of Pine, San Francisco.
Teachers. School committees aud Trustees will
please TO send forward their orders for School Mer
chandise to the American School Institute, where
they will be promptly filled at the lowest prices
SIMS
, 1861-01-11

ST. LOUIS, Dec. 10.
Senate, On the 18TH passed Powels resolution from
committee Of thirteen States Of the Union, to which
Lane's provides for convention Of delegates Of all
States in convention may decide on conditions
sary to their peace and safety also, that the Federal
Government abstain from employment OF force TO-
wards any State aud II there Il danger Of collision
the Federal forces and State forces be promptly with
drawn. Crttendens comprehends amendments 10
the Constitution. First-Extension Of the Missouri
Compromise line. Territory now or hereafter &C
qured north of which slavery TO be prohibited. The
South shall be recognized and protected in regard to
slave property and not interfered with by Congress-
The State 10 be admitted whenever they shall have
population sufficient for member OF Congress. Sec
0nd-ICongress shall have power to abolish slavery
In States permitting it. Thrd-The same relative TO
the District Of Columbia now organized. Fourth
Congress shall not interfere with the transportation
of slaves. Fifth-PruVides for the payment for Fugi-
tive Slaves by counties in which rescued, the county
10 have recourse against rescuers SXth--NO future
Amendments TO the Consultation to interfere with
slavery Seventh Recommends the repeal Of Person
al Liberty bills alteration OF the Fugitive Slave Law.
and eectual execution Of the laws 10 suppress be
Vival Of the slave trade.
Crittenden pressed the amendments with power
fu appeal TO the conservative sentiment Of the Union
urging concession. as indispensable to the salvation
Of the Unon and said As sure as be stood there dis
union would follow unless something was done. He
feared It would swallow old Kentucky, as true State
a. yet exists In the Union.
johnson, Of Tennessee argued against the right Of
secession. and though the North might violate the
Constitution, he saw reason why the South should
follow in revolutionary acts.
The Senate. on the l9tb. was addressed by johnson
Of Tenn, who took ground in favor Of Snppressing ~
cOsiOA by force. - rebellion.
, 1861-01-11

81 We are constantly receiving NEW BOOKS,
which we will sell at the lowest prices.
q. X. WILLARD & SON.
, 1861-01-11
PIONEER AND DEMOCRAT OLYMPIA W. T., JANUARY H. 1861

Lane replied, declaring that old Democrats would
not march under the UOOdy banner of the Senator
, 1861-01-11
ST. LOUIS, Dec. Q, 1860.

An extra session Of the Tennessee Leg
stature, to consider the condition Of the
country, has been called for January 7th.
1t is an understanding between the mem
bers Of the Texas Legislature to meet at
Austin, December 18th, without call Of
the Governor. 1t is understood the Leg.
islature will call a convention for the Sth
Of JanuaIG Houston promises to resign
II the people demand = Convention Of the
b6sISlstufO - 4.
, 1861-01-11
THIRD DAY.

SENATE-Dec. 9Th - Latham presented
memorial from the Chamber of Com
merce Of San Francisco, for a daily Over
land mail of the entire letter mail by Pony
schedule time, divided between southern
and central routes. Laid over.
Powell Introduced instructions relative toI
the settlement Of sectional differences.
, 1861-01-11
FOR SALE.

WOULD SELL MY FARM. SITUATED ON
Mound Prairie, ThurstOn county, consisting Of $50
acres, all under fence. Also $40 acres on White
river, King county.
Terms TO suit purchaser.
For information, apply to the undersigned on the
premises.
Mound Prairie, Jan. 0, 1861. sn
, 1861-01-11

Lane replled, declaring that old Democrats would
not march under the O.OOdy banner Of the Senator
from Tennessee.
ST. LOUIS, Dec. 2lst.
SENLTE.-Senator Pugb replied to Wade, denounc.
lpg the speech Of the latter inaammabe and put.
tlng an end to compromise, if sustained. v
The Vice President announced the committee on
Powells resolution: Powell Hunter Crittenden, Sew.
ard, Toomb9 Davis Wade Bigrr, Rice and Doolittle
lirmes, BY request Of Davis, was excused owing to
the condition of bis State.
PACIFIC RAIL ROAD BILL PASSED.
The Committee of the Whole on the
Pacific Railroad adopted Curtis substitute
for Western borders of Missouri and Iowa
two converging lines within two hundred
miles of the Missouri river, thence one line
to California; also two converging lines
from Fort Smith and western border Of
Louisiana, to unite with the Southern road
chartered in Texas In the course of de.
bate, Garnett said that these measures
were designed for political effect, aud asked
whether there would be another PreSiden-
tial election, as South Carolina, by the glo-
rious action of her people, had today
withdrawn from the Union. The commit
tee rose, reported bill back, and the Pacific
Railroad passed by 90 to IS.
SOUTH CAROLINA GOES OUT.
In the Charleston Convention another
resolution was offered for the appointment
Of three Commissioners to proceed to
Washington and lay before the President,
requesting him to communicate the same to
Congress, and treat with the Government
for the delivery Of the forts, etc, up to the
last day of February, provided the forts in
the meantime, be allowed to remain as they
are at present; also to treat upon aud settle
the questions of the public debt and diVis-
ion Of property.
Dec goth. Ingolls reported an ordin-
ance of secession, which declares and or
dains the repeal Of the ordinance of May
23d, l77S, whereby the Constitution Of the
United States was ratified, aud all acts Of
Assembly ratifying the amendments to that
Constitution, which passed nanmously, at
quarter past Que, l69 members voting.
, 1861-01-11
Mrs. WinsIOW,

An experienced nurse and Female Physician, has a
Soothing syrup for ehildten teethlng, which greatly
facilitates the process Of teethng, by sotening the
gums, reducing all inhamation-wil allay all pain,
aal i sure "a regulate the boFels Depend upon It
mothers win give rest 70 yourselves, ard relief and
health to your infants Perfectly safe in all cases.
Sc advertisement In another column. 25y