The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1853-1911, 1861-12-12

authorized me to call into the field.
refer with pleasure to those portions G
bis report which make allu.ion to tb
creditatle degree OF discipline alre ad at
tanned By our troops. and to the excel
lent sanitary condition of the entire ar
my. The recon me nd alton OF the Sc
cretary for 40 organization of the mill
tia upon uniform ba.i- i, a subject o
vital importance to the future safety
of the country. and is commended t.
the serious attention of Congress. Th'
large addition to the regular army, IL
connection with the detection that has st
considerably diminished the number o
its officers, gives peculiar Importance te
bis recon- mend alton tor increa-ing the
corps Of Cadets to the greatest capacity
of the Military Academy. By mere o
mission, | presume. Congress has failed
to provide Chaplains tor the Hospital.
occupied by the Volunteers. This -ub
ject was brought to my notice. and l was
induced to draw up the form of letter,
one copy Of which. properly addressed,
ba. been delivered to each of the person.
and al the dates respectively named. and
stated 10 schedule containing also the
form Of the letter marked A. and here
with transmitted. These gentlemen,
understand, entered upon the duties des-
ignated at the times respectively stated 10
the -cbe duie. aDd have iahored faithfully
therein ever since | therefore recon
mended that they be Goa peBsated at the
same rate a. Chaplaios iD the army
further suggest that general provision be
made for cbsplsius to serve at hospitals
as veil a. vita regiments.
The Report Of the Sscretrry of the Ma.
Wy presents in detail the operations OF
that branch o; the -ersIce, the aetisity
and energy which have characterized its
administration, aDd the result, of meas
ures to insrease It's efficiency and power
Such have teen the additions, by con.
strustioD and purchase. that it nay al
not be said n Navy has been created
and brought into service since our diff
eultics commeDced Beside blocksdiug
our extensive coast. squadron,, larger
than ever before assembled under our
flag, have been put aHoat, aud performed
deed- which have Increased our naval re.
nowO.
[ would insite special attention to the
recoumeud alton of the Secretary for a
more perfect organization of the Navy,
by introducing additional grades 10 the
service. The present organization is de
fective and unsatisfactory, and the sux
xestioos submitted BY the Department
will. it is believed, if adopted. otviate the
dilicultie- alluded to- promote the har
mony and increase the efficiency of the
Navy.
There are three vacancies on the Bench
Of the Supreme Court. tGo by the de-
cease of Justices Daniel and Mclean
and one by the resignation OF Justice
Campbell. | have so far iorborne max
ing nomination. to fill the vacancies for
reasons which | will now state. Two Of
The outgoing Judges resid,d within the
States nov o"errup By revolt, SO that it
successors we're sppointed in the same 10
caIiies they could not nov serve upon
their circuit, and UaDy OF the most com
petent men thrre probably would not take
the personal hazard of accepting to serve
even here upon the Supreme Bench.
| have BEEN unwilling to throw all the
appointments Northward, thus disabling
myself from dong justice to the South on
the return Of peace. although | may re-
mark that to transfer to the North one
which has heretofore been in the South.
would not with reference to territory and
population. be unjust. During the long
and brilliant judicial career of Judge Nc
Lesn, his circuit grew into an empire al
together too large for any one Judge to
give the Courts therein more than a nom.
inal stt"ndaoce. ri-ing III population fro
l,470,0Is 10 1890. to b.l5l .4O5 IN 1850
Beside this. the country generally has
outgrown our present Judicial sy-tem.
II unifor ruity was at all intended. tbs
system requires that all the States shall
be aocom III cd ated With Circuit Courts at
tended ~ Supreme Judge; while in fact
Wisconsin Minue.ota. Iowa. Kan.as.
Florida. Texas, California. and Oregon.
have never bad aoy such Courts.
Nor can this we'll be renedIed without
a change OF the system, because the add.
Ing OF judges TO the Supreme Court G.
pough for the accoDmod alton of sll parts
of the country; with Circuit Courts. would
create q Court alto. .etber too numerous
for Judicial bod, OF any sort. aud the
evil OF 1t be one that sili increase as new
Sfates come into the UDion.
Circuits Court. are useful or are they
rot useful. II useful, DO State should be
denied them. Ii not USEFUL. no State
should have them. Let them be provi.
ded tor all, or sboli-bed q. to all.
Three notifications occur TO me, eth
er OF wbicb | think would be an improve
ment upon our present sy-ten. Let the
Supreme Court be Of convenient nuDber
In every event
Then FIRST. let the whole country be di-
vided into circuits of Convenient size, the
Supreme judges to serve in q Damber OF
them, corresponding to their own nun