davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11
Who are Enemies of the South.

While many of the Doughface Democratic
papers in the North, and their demagogue
leaders, are doing all in their power to make
the people believe that the Republican party
is responsible for the excitement and fears of
the Southern people, it is a fact admitted by
leading Southern journals, that it is the Dem
ocratic party and Democratic speeches and pa
pers that has caused all the trouble. We copy
below from the Cambridge (Md) L1ieHigencer
a leading Southern paper, the views of its ed
itor in regard to who are the enemies of the
South. Speaking of the statement in the
Presidents Message which ascribes the present
excitement in the South to fears of Ilsurrec-
ton among the &aues, the Intellegencer says {:
The picture of insecurity is correct but
he signally fails in his discrimination of the
cause. 1t is not the agitation at the North
which excites our slaves and alarl1s our cti-
zens. 1t is the agitation Of the subject in the
South lrhicb 1Ue hdUe cause to dread. The
Democratic Party is the true source of our
present troubles. 1t is the Democratic speech
es and papers which have excited our negroes.
They never hear anything from the Northern
Aboiitionists. Their notions of freedom have
been gained through Democratic sources
They hear the Democratic speeches. they read
Democratic papers. These teen with incend-
airy assertions about negro suffrage and equal
ity which the success OF the Republicans
would bring about. We know that in this
county the Democrats haUe repeatedly declared
upon The stump and IN the presence of negroes,
that if the Republicans acere elected the negroes
lrOw|d be SET at liberty, be permitted to Uote, and
lOouId marry our daughters. 1t was only a
few days since that we heard the very leader
of the party declare in our public streets, and
in the presence Of some negroes, who were
standing by, that the Republicans intended to
let the negroes vote. Those who hear the in
cendiary declarations of these men communi-
cate them to the rest of their color, aud when
their expectations are so excited that they be-
come aroused to violence, we are told that the
Republicans did 1.-THE Southern agitation
is the true source of our troubles. Let the re-
sponsihlity rest where it belongs. The Nor
thcrn agitators have had no hand in the mat
ter. The agitation might 70 on at the North
until 1oom71ay without arg injury to our
slaves. Our negroes never read the Northern
papers, nor hear the Northern orators. They
read those from Democratic speakers We
fasten upon them, therefore, the charge of be-
ing the authors of our calamities"
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11
IPrivate.1
GENERAL WOOL TO GENERAL cAss.


Troy, Dec. 6, 1860.
My DEAR GENERAL : Old associations and
former friendship induce me to venture to ad-
dress to you few words on the state of the
country. My letter is headed Private, because
| am not authorized to address you officially.
l have read with pleasure the Presidents
message. South Carolina says she intends to
leave the Union. Her Representatives in Con-
gress say she has already left the Union. 1t
would seem that she is neither to be conciat-
ed nor comfOrted. l command the Eastern
Department, which includes South Carolina,
Georgia, Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi
GU know me well. have ever been firm,
decided, faithful, and devoted friend of my
country. Ii | can aid the President to pre-
serve the Union, hope he will command my
services. 1t will never do for him or you to
leave Washington without every star in this
Union is in its place. Therefore, no time
should be lost in adopting measures to defeat
those who are conspiring against the Union
Hesltancy Or delay may be 10 less fatal to the
Union than to the President, or your own high
standing as a statesman.
II seems to me that troops should be sent to
Charleston to man the forts in that harbor.-
You have eight companies at Fort Monroe,
Va. Three or four OF these companies should
be sent without moments delay to Fort
Moultrle. 1t will save the Union and the
President much trouble. 1t is said TO send at
tins time troops to that harbor would produce
great excitement among the people. That is
nonsense, when the people are as much excited
as they can be, aud their leaders are determin-
Il IN t,l
separating the State from the Union. So long
as you command the entrance to the city of
Charleston, South Carolina cannot separate
herself from the Union. DO not leave the forts
IN tie harbor in u condition to induce an at
tempt to take possession of them. 1t might
easily be done at this time IfSouth Carolina
should AXE them ii might, as she anticip ates
lndlte other States TO joia her.
Permit me to entreat you to urge the Presi-
dent to send at once three Or four companies Of
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11
Jefferson on Secession.

Though the ilIustrious Jefferson, because of
his evident and inexorabe free soil prociiv:-
ties, has been repudiated by the sham Dcmoc-
racy of the present day, his memory and opin-
ions are, nevertheless, and will continue to be
through all time, revered and cherished by al
true Democrats and patriots.
1t is well known by all our readers that the
present is not the only disunion crisis this
country has experienced. In contemplation
of former one, Mr.. jefferson used the follow
ing striking language in repy to q"estion
propounded by N de Mcuisner- which pas
sage may be found in JEFF rsons Works, vol.
TX, PIP. 1912. The language is as follows:
ut bas been often said that the decisions of
Congress are impOtent, because the Coniedar-
alton provides no compulsory power. Blu;
when two or more nations enter into Compact,
it is not usual for them to say what shall be
done to the party who infringcs it. Dcccncy
fOrbids this, and it is as unnecessary as indie
cent. because the right of compulsion natural
y results to the party injured by the breach.
When any one State Of the American Union
refuses obedience to the confederation by which
they have bound themselves, the rest have
natural right to compel them to obedience,
Congress wou.d probably exercise long pa
tience before they would rccur to force; but if
the case ultimately required it, they would use
that recurrence. Should this case ever arise
they will probably coerce by naval force as
being more easy, less dangerous to liberty, and
les likely to produce much bIoodshed."
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11
Pungent.

The Old Richmond Enquirer thinks those
sccessionists who expect aid and comfort from
Europe, reckoned without their host. In last
Saturdays Issue it tells about some sharp
truths in the follJwing spicy manner:
"Some of our Southern contemporaries have
been thoughtIesS enough TO entertain and ex-
press the hope that, in the pendis5g contest,
the Southern s atcs will receive material
aid" in the shape of arms and supplies, if not
of armies and navies, from some of the great
powers Of Europe. a little reflection will
show what this thing is worth.
There can be no doubt on the mind OF any
one who has spent any portion OF his life in
Europe, that the an;i-sInvery sentiment there,
especially in France, ard most especially in
England, bears about the same relation even
to the fanaticiSm prevalent in New England
that the pungency Of nitric acid bears to the
milder acidity of Grub vinegar. Any attempt
of British Ministry, for example basel on
whatever consideration of commercial profit
or welfare, to ,spouse the pro-slavery side Of
an Interstate quarrel, would produce vote
of ccnsure in the House of Commons, so i'm.
mediate and decided rs to throw the Ministry
ont of power before the lapse Of twenty -four
hours. The popular pressure which 50 remorse-
lessly converted Jamaica into barren waste,
would equal with readiness, sacrifice the bread
Of million operatives, rather than tolerate a
step in the direction of governmental aid to
a saveholding power, in contest involving
the maintenance or abolition Of slavery"
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11
DELAWARE, OHIO, JANUARY IL, 1861.

fusion, and was threatened with chronic disrnp-
ii n grave and deliberate Statesmen in the Ma
tional Councils paused from their off ia labors
to ,dite and issue an appeal in behalf Of Po-
litical Cancellation and reunion. But when.
at the psesent day, the Union is in danger and
the Government on the brink of ruin. these
came high councillors have no measure of
craftsmanship to suggest, so entirely do they
seem to have given to party what was meant
for all mankind Fertile in expendienls for
the rescue of the Democracy. they are impo-
tent and dumb only when it is the country
that calls Gor help. What wonder is it that in
prospect of these things, the patriotic of all
parties cry out in tones OF indignant depre-
cation and remonstrance? The voice of i'm
patient patriotism reaches US from every hand.
calling aloud upon the nations lu'ers and
legislators, whether from the North or frcm
the South, and whether belonging to one par
ty or another, to show at least some signs Of
interest in the country, if they have no Wis
dom equut 10 its present emergencies.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11
An oltgarchn.

The State Of South Carolina contains 80 :
961 plantations. containing 4,0T2, ,551 acres #
improved, and y ,145 949 acres of unimprov.
ed land. and valued at e3l ,6R4 10 eSgagA
ing o tatlt 54l atrc3.
- gnveTnment is bnSedAon the Consttu-
ti0n of 1890. and The amendments ai lc,l to it
at tati5us periods. The right TO vote requires
freehold Of 80 acres in ordinary casas The
LegislatTrs & elette,I @unna'ly. A Senator
niust be 80 yaars old, resident citizen years.
and if a resident in tho district must own
freehold worth e30a If nonresident, 9l 900.
Representatives musthave rcsidptlGn the state
3 years, if resident in the dist rict, must own
freehold of 500 acres and 10 negroes. or real
estate worth El5O; II iinn-ftsideriE. must own
real estate worth $500. The Governor is
chosen by the Legislature. and must have resi-
ded in the State 0 years, and be possessed of
u settled estate, worth 81 500. The Lieuten-
ant Governor Is chosen, and must be qualified
in like manner.
The people do not vote directly for Govern
or or for President.
There is no middle class in South Carolina.
The population CONSISTS tout Of the towns,
which are few Of planters aud sort Of peas
antry.
The delegates 10 the Legislature are fire.
quenily elected by dozen voters large land
holders.) and the affair is not qncommonly
settled Mt the dinner table.
Trade is considered as not exactly suitable
TO u gentleman. Merchants (retail) are called
''shop keepers" and are not upon a social e.
quality with the planters Norfolk (Va.)
Herald.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11
DEATH Is A GRAND SECRET.

We know not beforehand when and how. or
hy what means We. or others, shall I've brought
to death by what road we must go the way
whence we shall not return, what disease or
what disaster viii be the door TO put us into
the house of appointment for all living.
We cannot describe what death is: how the
knot is united between body and soul, or how
the spirit Of man goes upwards. 10 be we know
not what. With what dreadful curiosity
docs the soul launch ont into the vast ocean Of
eternity, and resign itself TO an uniriegl abyss
Let MS make it sure that the gates Of tlcav-
en- shall open to us the other sda of death
though it is way we are TO go but once.
We have no correspondence at all with sep
aratc souls, nor any acquaintance with their
estate, it is an unknown, undiscovered region
to which they are removed we can neither
hear from them. nor send to them. While We
arc here in world of sense. we spCrk of a
world Of spirits as the blind do Of colors. and
as we move thithcr we shall be amazed to find
how much we have bcen mistaken.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11

1t is a melancholy business, as Time rows
us one way and we look the other, to see no
sunshine parkling on the wake of our life
boat. Better to navigate Lethe than to be
haunted with dismal recollections. But on the
other and brighter hand, what pleasant thing
it is, as we near Green Harbor, to look astern
upon shining course. To contemplate, in
the rearward distance, through which we float
ed buoyantly and swiftly in the summer-tide
of life, the light of our good deeds still linger-
ing like moon light on the sea; to sit, as it
were, in the serene and mellow twilight of Age,
and review through the telescope of memory,
the Thousand isles" of Hopes green archipel-
ago, and the scenes of early friendship, and
early loves, which are even now cheering with
their matured blessings our peaceful delinec.
There is no book more pleasant to read than
the records of well-spent past; no sermons
more consoling than those preached from its
soul-cheering texts.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11

STICK TO YOUR FARN.-The trite adage.
that rolling stone gathers no moss. applies
forciby to those engaged in tilling soil. Ma
ny farmers, particularly the younger portion.
are content to settle down on ono spot, and
make their improvements. bat are constantly
on the move iu order that they may better
their condition. Instead of tilling thorough
Iy what land they have, they run in debt tor
larger ems thaa they can manage, and BE-
coming involved, are obliged TO sell ont, and
keep rolling about the world without ever nc.
cumulating anything, but rather looSing at
nvery turn. 1t will almost invariahlv Re
found that those farmers who have been bless
cd With much prosperity, are those that bave
stuck close to one farm, and labored on con-
tentedly from year 10 year. Suppose Jour
land Is not MS fertile us some others, it's steady
rise Ia value will, in most cases, pay you to
remain upon il. Not many years since. q
tract Of one hundred acres Of land near VII.
liamsburg was sold for S5,O0a. Had the own
er been less anxious to SELL and held on TO bis
farm, he would today hive been worth three
millions of dollars The conStant influx Of
foreigners will insure this steady increase IN
value Of lNad for many years to come.-Amsr'
ioGn Agrcvdtvrid.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11
Gives with Sheep.

A correspondent Of the Germantoten Te'.
graph aptly remarks, late calves when they
come to the barn in the fall, will, If confined
in yards with ot1cr animals, frequently sickeR
aud become debilitated. Being weak and
small, they are usually showed about, ami de-
privcd of their due share of the food, and m
consequences, fall away, rapidly. Now, neT-
or allow animals of til description to associate
or be confined with larger ones, but put them
with my sheep, where there is no danger 0f
their doing or receiving harm Sick calves,
have observed, often pick up and levour with
avidity the hay and straw iron among thR
sheep dung. 1t is medicinal, and know Of
no article that has a more immediate and eal
utary effect in restoring diseased calves 20
health than sheep dung. have practiced this
usage for many years, and have never lost a.
animal, though have had many sick when
they came to the barn.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11
Itrhe Enforcement Of the Laws,

The Illinois State Journal, published at
Springfield, and edited by nephew Of the
President elect, published on Tuesday an ar
ticle under the head: 1.-The Republican Par
ty Stands by the Constitution" The Journ-
al says that the Republicans want no legisla-
ton that does not sqnare with the Constitu-
ton, but insists the the Constitution must be
respected and the laws enforced. 1t publish
es the oath taken by the President Of the UNI
ted States upon his inauguration, and says
Mr.. Lincoln 'wi not try to evade the per
formance of his duties, however painful, tindef
certain circumstances, his duties may be, lB
sophistical construction of the Constitutsoh
Sworn faithfully to execute the laws, he will
do it, The Journal says further that MIR. Lin
coin will enforce the laws in all scctious, and
twill. doubtless, construe his oath Of Office to
mean that it is his duty to enforce all the laws.
and not one particular law alone" On the Sc
cession question, the Journal says the Republic
cans occupy the Jacksonian position, and Mr.
Lincoln islands there" Some strong express
sions from Jackson's message of Jan. l6, 633,
are quoted, and the Journal concludes By say
sug:
The Republican party is, We hrc satisfied,
planted immovably on Jackson's ground The
Democracy Of the North cannot well occupy
any other. We think ii might as lcel get a.
broad among the people hat the incoming HI
minstrel tOiu be conHifHionai. anti-secession
! and etforcing. Pass ths tcOrd."
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11

asiilery to Fort Muullrie. The Uni0L. can be
preserved, but it requires 6rm, decided PROMPT
and energetic measures on the part Of the
President. lie has only to exert the p.jiser
conferred Gu him by the Constitution and Laws
of Congress. and all will be safe and he will
prevent civil war, WHICH never fails TO call
forth the baser passions Of the human heaSt
Ifa separation should take place, yoq mny rest
assur, i blood will flow in torrents, tedRwed by
pestilencc, famine. and dessolation. al. DScna.
tor Seward's irrepressible conflict viii be
brought to Il conclusion much 500 l,r than he
could possibly have anticipated. Let me con-
iure you to save the Union and thereby avoid
the bloody and dessoIating example of the
States OF Mexico~
A separation the States will bring with it
the desOlation of the Cotton States, which
are nnprepared for war. Their weakness will
be found in the number of their slaves, with
but few of the essentials to carry on a war,
while the free States have all the elements and
materials for war. and to a greater extent than
any other people on the face Of the globe.
Think of these things my dear General, and
save the country, and save the prosperous
South from pestilenee famine, and desolation.
Peaceable secession is not to be thought off,
Even if it should take place. in three months
we would have bloody war on our hands.
Very truly your friend,
JOHN Z. WOOL.
The Hon. LEWIS CAss Secretary of State,
Washington, D. Q.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11
LIVING WITHIN MEANS.
4 EEw WESTON.

We hold it to be one of the first of temper
al duties, that an individual should not suffer
his annual expenses to exceed his income
This may often call for the most rigid econo-
my and self-deuial, bat this sacrifice must evi-
IDENTIFY be made, or somebody must be wrong
ed. The ability to get more than one has the
means means OF paying for. is founded on
credit and as every person is presumed to
to know the state of his own finances better
than others know ii, TO buy without the
reasonable prospect Of being able to meet
fully the expectations of the creditor, deserves
no higher name than fraud.
Extravagance in living is prominent cause
of debt and embarrassment /; and that pride
which is unwilling to come down to ones ac-
tual circumstances and which seeks to hide
poverty by a show of wealth. is a principal
source Of this extravaganza Yet man al
ways commands the respect Of the world, who
conforms his style to his real condition-look-
ing the latter full in the face himself, and not
unwilling that others should see it as it is
A man Of character can afford to do this the
fictitious sensibility and the false shame be-
long to the pretenders Of gentitity.
We were Impressed with these thoughts in
q pleasant call which we lately made on
young man of our acquaintance. The
young man belongs to one Of the liberal pro-
fessiOns, and his resid.nce is within sight Of
the elegant homestead, richly furnished with.
and surrounded by amp and shaded grounds,
where his early years were passed., and where
his parents still reside. His young wife was
brought up tenderly, and to a character Of
natural delicacy adds the charm of social cul-
ture and refinement. They occupy their own
house-and what is it's style2 The simplest
and cheapest of all cottages containing, We
believe, Eve little rooms, all told-the whole
structure costing less than themRnnual rent
Of hundreds of houses in this city which are
built to rent But affection, intelligence and
taste, preside over that cultivated home, max
ing it more attractive to an appreciative Wis
itur than a, palace would be without these ac-
cessorieS, and TO its inmates it is fragrant
with the breath of their first born child. 1t is
their own house and be their prospects never
SO hattering, nothing can be more sensible
than this simplicity and as it is all which is
tented and cheerfu!-happier far than the Oc-
-upants of splendid dwellings who cannot pay
their bills We commend the example to
fast" young men and ambitious bellies, if there
are any such among our readers, reminding
them that hardly any social specacle is more
delightful than a graceful conformity to al
humble style Of living, in one who is fitted by
early training TO adorn the most elegant
Congregational Herald.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11
South CAROLINA and Kansas.

IF President Buchanan had acted in regard
to the rebellion in South Carolina as he did
to une the rumored one in Kansas, the
country would be safer to-day than it is
When thre trembling Judge Williams fed
from his circuit in Kansas, at the first report
Of possible interference. and spread alarm up
on the Missouri border, the President without
a moments delay to substantiate the rumor,
ordered troops to proceed to the scene of dis
turbance and Crush out" Montgomery and
his band "in a most summary manner" On
the other hand, when South Carolina compels
her Judges and Marshals to resign, and open
" proclaims rebellion, and boldly announces
the intended seizure of the Government forts,
the President refuses to send any troops
thither, lest it provoke "war and massacre -
The reason for this contrast is, that while the
former gave him an opportunity to punish the
people whom he had pursued with a malig-
nant lte for their devotion to freedom, the
latter occasion was one which was 5nt the re-
suit of his own persistent and unconccae'l d.
votiOn to the South anI o5.diencG to all her
behests.-C Cleveland Leader.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-01-11
THE HEARTS DOOR.

The heart is by nature closed cha nber.--
We may stand by its windows and look, but
iti secrets we cannot explore. Nowhere are
we greater strangers than here. We may
consider ourselves at home in it, but after all
it battles our inquiries, and treats us as So
journers. We may have our own theories
about tive may compliment ourselves
about its exceIIence-but theories are all sha-
dows Unless God is pleased to wake us to
the truth, we live and die deceiving and de-
ceived. But let Him touch eyes, and
then the shadows fall. Door after door is
opened vault after vault uncovered. The
bolts of prejudice, of sells hness, of avarice
are loosened.