Polynesian., 1861-11-23
Ghe polpuesian,
From the Echo du Pacific, Call
Working OF the new American Tariff.

The ship Lucretid. just arrived from China with
a cargo of sugar was the first to feel the rigors
of the new tariff. She has On board 10000 bags
of sugar. of which 1000 are subject to the duty of
two cents per pound, in place of the former duty
Of three-fourths of cent per pound. The other
900 bags (the first taken on board have only to
pay duty according to the previous tariff. What
a singular proceeding!
Thus shippers, without knowing it, without be-
ing able mistrust such n thing, seriously
compromised by a law passed at Washington at a
time of pecuniary distress. They commence their
shipment under the force of we'll known law,
making the rule of their commerce, and they finish
it, unbeknown to themselves under a system that
has been arbitrarily modified in such proportions
that if they had been advised of it, they would
probably have desisted from their operation.
1t is impossible to approve of such legislation.
1t takes commerce by the throat. and by surprise
1t upsets the established principle that ''nO law
shall have retroactive effect
What happens at this moment to the Lucretid
will happen to several ships due from France.
| None of them has been advised of the change.
Worse still, there are some among them which,
having been a certain time completing their car
goes. will, their arrival here be subject to all
the three last tariffs succeeding each other at such
short intervals, according to the date of the ading
of such such part of the same merchandise.
Hence variations in price which no human pru-
UeuC6 COuiu iOIesce: NHlCD SOihHStSO
ought to have the means to guard itself. 1t is to
be regretted that Congress should have been so far
below its legislative mission, have shown itself
little careful of the great interests of commerce.
| We gather the following items of European in
telligence chiefly from the French journals which
come to hand. The American journals have appa-
rently neither time nor space for other troubles
than their own. European latest date Oct. 7.
| There had been considerable agitation in Par
is, caused by the high price of provisions. Public
stocks were heavy and falling. Seditious pacards
had been circulated, and numerous arrests made.
In LYON about 40 900 laborers were without
work. The authorities had opened workshops for
! them.
The preparations in Spain for the expedition
to Mexico are actively pursued The expedition
| is nearly ready and will soon depart, leaving it
open for France and England to join it whenever
they shall deem proper.
| The Russians had taken possession, after
short fight with the japanese, of the island of
Tsus Sinta The island is about so miles by Is,
situated in the middle of the Straits of Korea and
considered as the key to the Japan Sea.
! "A Spanish General Borges had landed in Ca
/ labria with 800 Spanish volunteers for the cause
of Francois III. He is supposed to be the avant-
garde of larger force for the invasion of Naples.
Should that prove true no considerations would re-
tain Garbaldi any longer at Caprera, and his re-
appearance would open field for new and serious
events.
| The American Legation in Paris formally de-
nes that the Government at Washington had au-
thorized its agents in Europe to make any military
engagements there and informs that every Euro
pean officer embarking for the United States to
serve in its armies, does so at his own risk and
responsibility.
| H. Tkol.o T,k ., Id hoErr fho
French and English influences Victor Emanuel
is considered as the head of the first, and Baron
Ricasoli, as well Garbaldi, heading the last.
| The Austrian army in Venetia is 10000
men, among whom great number of Hunga-
rians whose fathfulness is very doubtful. Venice
is but a large tomb. More than $4,000 inhabit-
ants have deserted it.
The King of Prussia would visit the French
| Emperor at Compiegne on the 9th October, accom-
panied by the Grand Duke of Baden. The inter
view would only last a hours but the visit is
very much disliked sy the German Press.
| In Lithuania new troubles have arisen and only
been repressed after the effusion of much blood.
| wilma, Grodno, Bielsk, Brzesc-Litewsky and thu
whole district of Kowno have been declared in a
state of siege.
Much rain had fallen lately in France and
the grain harvests promised we'll.
Much has been said of the guarantees that have
been offered by Victor Emanuel to assure the COM
| plete independence of the Papal See, if Rome was
| given up for the capital of Italy. A pamphlet is
just issued in Paris, supposed to emanate from the
Italian King on this subject, of which the follow
| ing are the principal points
| The temporal power, constituted in past ages
with view to insure the Independence of the
Holy See, not fulfilling the object for which it was
| established, is and remains abolished.
's The personal security of the Pope is entrusted
to the lal loyalty of IL. NJ. the King of Italy, and
the independence of the Holy See placed under
the guaranty of the great Powers. The person of
the Pope is inviOlable and sacred, well as the
| Members of the Sacred College.
1.-The countries which formed the States of the
Church and the patrimOny of St. Peter are, con-
formally to the wishes and votes of their popula-
tions, reunited to the Kingdom of Italy.
''ROme, the capital of Italy, remains the seat OF
the Sovereign POntifcate.
80 His Holiness will administer the Pontifcate,
retaining all the honors which he has hitherto
joyed.
The Ambassadors, Ministers, Charges DAT
faires of other Powers to the Holy Father and the
Ambassadors, Ministers and Charges d'Affairs Of
the Pope to foreign Powers shall enjoy the same
privileges and immunities as the Members of the
Diplomatic Cerps.
- The Pope will retain his propaganda, his pen
itentiary court and his archives.
- The estates and palaces of the Holy Father in
town or in the country shall be exempt from all
impositions. Jurisdictions and domiriliary visits
1.-The church and square of st. Peter, the Vati-
can and dependencies belong to His Holiness and
his successors.
50 In place of the public revenue from his former
States the Holy See shall receive perpetual rent
of --- inscribed on the great book of the Ma
tional Italian debt.
every power is invited to fund an annual rent
for the Holy See, propOrtioned to the Catholic pop
ulation of the country, to be called st. Peters
pence.
The Pope will be asked to select, as much as
possible, the Cardinals among the different nations,
with regard to the number of its Catholic inhab-
itants.
"a sum equal -- to shall be paid by each
nntinn for the snnnnrt Of each cardinal selectad