The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-05-05

ssegt cs ned that the gCvefnUsrt tvs tcfnec VS.
mt compact between Seates but Sas 10 e0ect natnA
government SGT up above and over the states 40
sauzau created by the States 70 se1rs The Blessings
liberty and Independence against soroiga aggression,
has radusly pervef ted into macaine sor heir
control In their domestic Affairs the creature has been
exalted above iis creators the principals have boea
made subordinate 10 the agent appointed 5y themselves
The people Of the Southern States whose almost exca
siye occuIac0 vas agriculture, early perceived ten
deDcy in the Northern States TO render the common go
vcrnneLt subservent their purposes by ;mposng
burthtns on commerce a projection 70 their manHac
turing and shipping interests Long and angry conTo
vegsy grew cut OF these attempts often SUCCESSFUL 60
beueGt one section Of tho country tbs expense OF
the other And the danger OF dhrun!ion srisns troa
this causc enhanced by the fact that the SortaHu
other causes In grea.ss ratio than the poppy
ation oil the South. by degrees, a. the North
Congress se uteres, tai Oh. Their peopo ied ready
assent 70 any plausible advocacy Of their right as majority
to govern tie minority without control Ine2 learned 10
listen with impotence to the suggestion or any coniitu
tnsl inpeci ment the Of their viii; and
utterly hare the principles o he constitution been cor
rupled the Northern mind that In the inaugural ad
asserts as en- sKiom which he plainly deems TO be undo
nabe that the hccry al the constitution req ies that
IN all cases the majority shall govern; and Ia another
memorable instance the Chief Magistrate did not
hesitate to hcn sla relations between 1T to an1 tie
untsd STATS to tnose which exist ce'@een county and
The State 10 which Is situated aAd b. which II was
created This is tbs lanen,abe aud Fundamental error
% ehich rests the policy th1t has eliminated IL his
declaration Of war against these Confederate states
IL III iton 20 too loug continued AMI deep seated re
sentiment fe the Southern states at the persistent
81 he powers they had delegated 10 the Cong ess
FOR The pnipse OF enrchng the manufacturing aud slap
ping Glasses OF the North at tho expense OF the 5olth
shere has existed for nearly hill century another SUB
tct OF oscoid involving interests o such .ranlce idca
Dituce AT all times to create tho apprehension ia
The minds Of nauy devoted lovers Of the ULion that ts
LeImaf cnce wes impossible.
When the several States delegated certain powers to tho
United States Coz gross, large portion q tho ADoring
population consisted q African slaves importer into ino
colonies ny tho mother county Ia twelve, oui or th,
thirteen States slavery existed, and the right OF
property in slaves was protected by Jaw This opefy
Was recognized IN the consitulich and proyEion 1as
uSde against lis Oss by the escape 1e slave Tho III
in the number Of slaves by further importation
rom africa was also secured by clause forbidoiog 80
gross 20 prohibit the slave traie anterior 60 certain
cate snd IL no clause can there b, found any delegation
power to the Congress authorizing II 10 "ny man0er to
egslate to tho pIcjud.ce cetrent or dscou OF
tao OF that species Of property cxoirdlpg II
ia the protection Of the government.
The climate and so OF the Ncruern States soon proved
unmoptous TO tle Continuance OF slave labor, whist
The iEe at tho South. Under tho
stricted free intercourse between the two feions he
Northern States consulted lbcir own interest ny ceiling
their slaves 10 the south, ard prohibiting slavery wtnn
their limits Tie South Wiling parChayers OF pro
perty suitable TO their wants and paid the price o! the
acquisition without hsf boring suspicion chat their quiet
possession 10 DO disturbed by those who were ieho
Oh not only by want of constitutional auth prity, but by
god faith as genders, from disquetine title en- ma
ting II, IN themselves
As soon, however, as the Northern states that pro
hbed African slavery within their limits had reaches
number sucieat TO give their rep oon:i ong
voice in the Congress, persistent ami organized
OF slaves in the southern States naieurated aud
gradually exteuoed. continuous series OF measures
devised ana prosecuted for The purpose of rendering
insecure the tenure Of property IN slaves fanaitcal
0gsni2siors, supplied with money by voluntary sub
scors, we're assduously engaged III exciting
tho slaves spirit OF discomfort and revolt
urnshed fer their escape from their owners AID agents
secretly employed to entlce them TO absooad. the
tlutona provision for their rendition to their own
was first cYated then openly denounced as violation Of
conee6I tioua obligation and religious duly; men wore
taught that Was merit TO cluco dsobey AMI violent
ly oppose tho execution Of the laws enacted to
he performance Of the promise contained in tie consd
tutoaal contract, owners OF slaves mob led aud
even murdered in open day, soaiy FOR applying to =
magistrate 10, the arrest OF atugto slave the cogmas
OF thsee voluntary organizations obtained control
the OF many Of the Northern states and laws
were passed providing fer the punishment BY ruln0ls
lines ana ione continued Imprisonment in ias and pen
tcntSie of citizens of the Southern states who should
dare to ask aid Of the officers OF the law for the recovery
Of their property Fboidened by success, the eltre
Of agitation end aggression against the clearly expressed
CONSTITUTIONAL rights OF he Southern states was transferred
20 the Congress Senator's and representatives. were sent
10 tie conmon councils Of the nation, whose chief title
10 this Distinction consisted ia the display OF spirit OF
ultra fanaiioism, and whose business was not Ito
promote the general welfare domestic team
GUILTY." but To awaken the b'ttercst hatred against tho
citizens OF sister States By violent Recommendation OF their
Institutions, the Transaction OF public affairs WAS in
pece0 by repeated efforts to usup powers not delegated
by the constitution, Cor the pprpose of imparipg the
security &c property in slaves, snd reducing those
States wleh held slaves TO c'ndition Of inoriorty.
Finally, sssa, party Sas o,ganasa ior tas pnr,
government with the avowed object Of using its
power fer the total exclusion q the slave states
rom all participation in the benefits OF the pablo do
main acquired by all the States IN common whether By
conquest purchase IL surrounding them entirely by
States in Which slavery should bo prohibited; oil thus
rendering the property In slaves insecure t. DO
comparatively worth sss, and thereby enn'hatng IN
eject property worth thousands Of millions Of dollars
This party thus organized, succeeded IN lhc month OF
November last in the election OF .s candidate for tho
Presidency o. tic GIFTED states.
In the mean time, under tue mild and genial climate OF
tho Southern states the decreasing aoo attcn
ton for the wCli bling AID comfort Of the lahortrg
clAsa dictated ake by interest and humapy, tho
African slaves bad ausmented In number flon aooa.
coo Oc0 at the dRto cf tie adoption OF the c,ns!itI
total compact, to upwards Of 100000. In moral
and social condition they had been elevated fron
brutal sAvases into docile, Intelligent and civil
zed agricultural laborers, and supplied not only With
bodily comforts but with careful religious Instruction
Under The supervision OF superior their labor had
ben 20 directed as not Only to alo. q gradual an
make Hmcl!o alton OF their own eondaon, butt nyeit
hundreds OF thOssn OF square miles of the wiiern ss H.
20 culty aed lands covered with prosperous people;
toGus cities bad sprung into existence aud hal tap
oly rcrcascd in wealth ard population undet the social
q stem Of the South the white pulston Of the sca IL
EN- ssveholding states had augmet ted froT about
$50 eco at tho cate Of tic adoption VI the institution
20 than $500 eco in 1860 ard tue productions q
deyeopmcnt and Continuance ct which the labor OF Ar
slaves was and Is, ipopen lad Swollen TO an
amount which ictmci nearly thrcCioufths or the OK
pp,a OF the whole United states aut Ind become ab2o-
utely necessary 10 the wants Of civilized man
With Interests u such Overwhelming magnitude in
psvd The people OF the Southern Setes driven ny
tho conduct q the North to tho adoption OF some coureo
Of action TO the dagger with which they were
Crrsy meraccd with this view tho Legislatures of the
several states rved the people to select delegates to
ccuycrt0us TO BE- held for the purpose determining FOR
themselves what measures were best edapted 10 moet 81
aiuming q or sis IN their hiEtory.
Hero may be proper to observe that from period as
ey 1cs there had existed In all Of the states Of tho
Union a party almost un ntefr rcdly in tho majority
based upSn the creed that each state In the last re
stt the sole Judge we'd OF s wrorge GS Of ths modo
ana meesure Of redrcss Indeed Il Is OBVIOUS That IN
der tho law OF nations this prBepc Is m axi m - ap
piled TO the resttnst OF independent sovereign states
such thoFe which bud united tbensevos IN fsr tho
constitutional compact. The democratic party OF tho
United States repeated IN lts successful canvass
in 1886 the declaration made IN NUMEROUS previous po-
little a. coat that II would "fsithfuy abide by aud
uphold the principles laid down M the Kentucky sni
Virginia resolutions OF 1885, and in the report Of Mr.
Madison a. tho Virginia Legislature III 1892 aud that IL
adopts thoso principles Constituting one d tho main
foundea ions u ts political reed"
Tho winciplss thus emphatcaiy announcer embrace
that TO hen have already adyerted tho right OF each
state to udgo OF and redress the wrongs OF which COM
plains Ihoeo principles maintained by ovorwhclr,-
mnrities Gf the people Of nh the states Of the Union