The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1861-12-07

go, .rsarneut should BE- made 10 favor OF
,.aCnisr institutions; but there IL one posnts
nth its connections, not 20 nackneyeu a.
.rost others, to which ask of'ea "..enaen n;
= a. the effort to pisce capital ON At equaa
tootiug with. II moi above labor, Ia the stfue-
ture of government. Ii sassumeu mat iapor
sssyailable only In connection Win capitai !;
that nohody labois unless someoouy else
-r,nr cnrital somehow by the use OF It,
,nay,te rs him TO labor. This ed, II IL
rex considered whether II is pest 10 at caritai
.hslj hire iaborers, and TINS induce them to
xrcrx oy their own consent, or nay tnem
.ns drive them to Ii without tneir consent
Tayins proceeded so far, Ii is naturally CON
sin,.d that all iab6Ters are ether hired la.
borers or what we call slaves; ana 'uftner,
Ills assumed that whoever is once hired Ia
harer Is fix.d in that esufition for life. Now
there is no such relation between capt 81 and
labor as assumed, nor is there any such thing
az a free man being fixed for life In the condi-
tioa of a hired laborer. Both Of these as
symptoms are false. and all differences from
them are groHbdless.
Labor is prior 10 aud independent OF capt.
tai Capital Is only the fruit of labor, and
eouid never have existed if labor had not
frst existed. Labor ts the superior OF capt.
ISL and deserves Dinch the higher considers
,ion. Capital has its rights which are as
worthy of protection as any other right
Nor is il denied that there is, and probably
always will be, a relation between labor and
CAPITAL producing mutual benefits. The Err
rar is in assuming thai the whole labor of a
community exists within that relation. A
few men own capital, ana that few avoid la
Dor themselves, and with their capital hire
or bay another few 10 labor for them
4 large majority belong to neither eli ass.
neither work for others, nor have others
working gor Them. In most Of the southsru
States a ms lority of the whole peopie OF all
coloTs, are neither slaves nor masters while
in the Northern a large shortly are neither
nirers nor hired. Msn with their families.
wives, sons, aud dangh ters, work Tor them .
selves OF their farms, III their houses, and in
their shops, taking the whole product TO
themselves, end asking no favors of capital
GU tho on hand, nor of h,red iaborers or
slaves on the other. II is not forgotten that
a considerable number of persons minpIs
their own labor with capital--that is, they
labor with their own hands, and also bU or
hire others TO Ia Dor for them; bat this is Oh Nv
d mixed, and not a distinct, class. No primer.
pie stated is disturbed by the existence o. this
mixed Glass.
Agaln, As has already been said, there is lot
os necessity, any such thing as The free hired
l3borer being Fixed Ia that condition for life.
Many independent men, every where in these
States, a few years back in their Hives, We're
hired lahore's the pI udent, pennileSS bog
gar in the world labors for ages awhile.
SAVES r surplus with which to bay TOOLS or
lsnd for himself, then labors on bis own ac-
count another v lie, and at length hires
anothar new beginner TO help him This ia
the Jast and generous and prosperous system
which opens the way TO all gives hope to all,
and consequent energy and progress and i'm :
proyenent OF the couditi N OF all.
No men living are more worth to be trusted
than those VINO toll up from poverty none
less inciiusd 10 touch aught which they have
not honestly earned. Let them beware of
surreuderiDg E political power which they
already possess, and which, If surrendered
will surely b. used 10 close the door .. ad-
yanceIneut against such as they, and to fix
rev disabilities and bnrtheLs upon them til!
I'll OF liberty shall be lost.
From the nrs. taking of our national CEN
sus, ~ the last, are sevent, years md We
finu our population at the end of the period
eight times as great as II was at the begin
ming The increase of those other things
which men daem desirable has been even
greater. We TINS have, at one view, what
ths popular p tncipls. applied to Govern
msnt through the machinery of the States
and the Union, has produced in a given time
and also what, if firmly maintained, 1t pro-
r1ises for the future.
There are already among rs those who, II
the onion be pre- served, will live 10 see Ii
contain 2j-1, 0oo, 900. The struggle CT today
isl0t altogether for TO- day. 1t is for a vast
Juture also.
Win a firm reliance on Providence, all the
mere firm and earnest, let MS proceed in the
great task which events have devoiyed upon
ABRAHAM LINCOLN
WAsHisaroy, Dec. 3, 1861.