Nebraska advertiser., 1861-07-11

bzetbcr, az very resembling g uhah uishfbe re-
vented. - was intended IN ths@se y the rtpe.ien.
NJ more extended argument i ntlW cIered, as 40
4 opinion st come leugth sill fr0babtF Be presented b.
Y To Attorney Generai. whether there sha4 BE- any
Legislation upon the subject; ard II any, shat D
submitted entirely . tie better Judgment u Zen
eres. The fo-buaan-s Of tbs goVsrnmcrt hAa
been 60 ez,raordi1ay and 20 long c~oatinsed rs g.
/ lead come foreign Lafi5us ~ shape thtlr acton % %
'hry supposed The early dcs'rTcilufct CIR Aau0nai
Uni0a was probable, While tais 81 di5ccFeTy saFethe
Executive some concern, is nQw happy o. say tadl
the s5vcrcigny AMI rights II the United States are
nOE everywhere practically TesPaeted ~ foreign
powers. aud o general sympathy with the country Is
manifested throughcut the WoTld.
The reports Il the Secretary Of the Treasury, Of
fhe War and the Navy vii give he information in
det,i! deemed necessary and convenient for yoar De
liberation and action. while the Executive ana al
Departments VIII stand ready TO suPply omissions
or 70 communicate Lew facts considered important
for you e know.
Il Is now recommended that yon give the legal
rncsns for making this contest a short and decisive
one: that you piacc sc the control 81 tae government
for the work. at least four hundred thousand men
and four hundred millions Of dollaTF. that number
q men about ~Onc-tenth Of those a proper ages
within tho regions where apparently all are willing
70 engage, and the san is less than a tWenty-tbird
uart Il the money value owned by the men VINO feel
ready % devote the whole amount Of six hundred
millions Of doliaTs. which is a less sum per head
than the debt If our revolution when we came out
I va AAht EEtAE-ANH aA4 Ah~ AAfArs 49, 20
now bears even a greater proportion TO what IL was
then than does the population. Surely each man
has as strong motives now to preserve oar liberties
NJ each had then % establish them. a right result
mt this time viii keep the NoTth more "a The work
/ fhan ten times the men and zen times the money
The evidence r-eaeliHg Us from the country leaves no
doubt that the material fer the work Is abundant.
and that Il needs only the hand Of legislation to
give it legal sanction, aud he hand Of the Executive
10 give IL practical shape aud eff :ieney. One Of the
greatest perpIcxities Of the government Is to avoid
receiving troops faster than il bas provided for them
In a word, the people will save their government 81
the government itself will do its part only indiHer-
emily well. It might seem ut frss thought of but
little difference whether the present movement al
the South be called secession or rebellion. The
moVers. however. well understood the difference at
the beginning. They knew they could never raise
their treason to am respectable magnitude by any
name which implies violation Of law. They knew
their people possessed as much Of moral sense, as
much Of devotion TO law and order and a. much
pride and reverence for the history and government
Of their common country, as any other civilized and
mtriotic people. They knew they could make no
advancement directly in the teeth Of these strong
and noble sentiments.
Accordingly they commenced by an insidious de-
bauehing Of the public mind they invented an in
genius sophisIn, which if conceded, was followed by
c~rfectly logical steps through all the incidents, e.
the complete destruction Of the Union. The s"phiSm
itself is that any State Of the Union may consistent
ly with the National Constitution, and therefore
lawfully and peacefully, withdraw from the Union
without consent Of the Union or Of any other State.
The little d1s-nise-that the supposed right is 90 be
rx,r:is,d only Tor q just cause, beHluse they them
selves are 20 be the sole Judges Of its Justice, is too
tain 20 merit any nutice. With rebellion thus sugar
coated they have been drugging the public mind Of
their section for more than thirty years, and untilat
length they have brought many good men to will
ingness to take up arms against the government the
day after some assemblage OF men have enacted the
farcial prctence Of taking their State out Of the
Union, who could have been brought to no such
thing the day before. This sOphism receives much,
perhaps the whole Of its currency, from the assump-
ton that there IS some omnipOtent and sacred su-
premacy pertaining TO n State-to each State Of our
federal Union. Our States have neither more nor
less power than that reserved to them in the Union
by the Constitution no one Of them ever having
been a State out Of the Union, even before they
cast OF their British colonial dependence. md the
new ones each came into the Uaion directly from n
condition Of dependence, except Texas, and even
Texas in its temporary independence, was never de-
signatrd n State. The new ones only took the de-
siguaiion Of States on coming into the Union, while
t at name was first adopted for The old one in, and
by the colonies were declared to be free and indie
pendent States. Bnt even then, the object plainly
was not to declare their independence Of one another
or Of the Union, but directly the contrary, as their
mutual pledges and their mutual action before, at
the time. and afterwards. absolutely shows, and the
express ~plighting Of faith by each and all Of the
original thirteen States in the articles Of cOnfedera-
ton two years later, that the Union shall be pertetu-
nI. is most conclusive. Having never been STATES
either in substance or in name outside Of the Union,
whence their magical omnipotcHce Of State rights,
asserting claim Of power lawfully to destroy the
Union itself.
Much is said about the sovereignty If the States.
but the word is not in tie national Constitution, nor
rs i believed, in any of the State Constitutions
What is sovereignty in the political sense of the
term? Would It be FAR wrong TO define it a political
C immunity without n political superior ? Tested by |
this, 10 one Of our States except Texas ever was a
SOW c~rcignty. and even Texas gave mp the character
on coming into the union, by which act she acknowl-
edged the Constitution Of the united States, and
the laws and treaties Of the United States made in !
pursuance Of the C0nsti ution 10 he for her the su-
prcme law Of the land. The States have their
status in the Union, and they have no other legal
status. II they break from this. they can only d.
50 against law, by revolution. The union. and not
themselves separated, procured tIeir independence
and their liberty by conquest or purchase. The
union gave each Of them whatever independence
and liberty il had. The union Is older than any %
the States. and in fact L ere tied them as States
originally. Some dependent colonies made the
Union, aud in turn the Union threw of their old de-
~pendence for them, and male them States. such ne
they are; not one Of them ever had a State c%nnstitu-
ton independent Of the Union. OF course IL j. MT
forgotten that all the new States framed their con
situations before they entered the Union. Nevcrtbe-
less. dependent upon and preparatory TO coming INTO
the onion. nnqueslionably the State. have the pow
ers and rights reserved 20 them in and BY the ma
tonil CONSTITUTION nat among Jnetn surely arc not
intended all conceivable powers, however miSchie-
vous or de t~ructive, thatare known in the world mt
tie time rs governmental powers. and certainly a
power to destroy the government itself had never
been known as governmental. merely administrative
This relative matter Of national POWER and State
rights as n principle. Is not other than the principle
Of generality aud ~locality. Whatever. concerns the
whole should b. coufded to the whole.to the general
government. while whatever concCr- only tbs State
should be lift exclusively I, the State. This Is all
there i Of original principle abont il. Whether
the national Convention. in defining boundaries be
tween the two. has applied the principle with exact
accuracy. isnot 10 be questioned We are also bound
by that defining.
Whatis now comba-tcd in the position that secession
is consistent with the Constit alton is lawful aud pence
ful. u Is not coutcnhet that there is any express law
for IL, and nothing should be Implied as law which leads
10 unjust or absurd Consequences. The nation purchas-
q with money the countries out Of which several Il
these States we e FORMED. Is II inst that they shonid
g. "a without leave? And without refundiuE? The
nation paid very large sums in the aggregate, Ibelieve
a huBd ed million ta release Florida of the aburicinaI
tribes, Is % lust that she now 50 n without consent OF
without making any returuP The milton l. now ia
te u t~ moneyapphed 20 the henedt OF these SO called
seceiei States. IN common with tie rest. Isl Justice
either that c~reditors shall go unpaid. and the rrmsin-
iue STATES pay Nhrle part % the present netonal debt
was csutractel % pay the ola debts ~ Tex? I~Sitju~t d.,
>he shui letve and paw no part or this herself? 4
Araln, u one Stsie may seoede, 50 my sRoiher- and {
when an have seeded none is left 10 pay the debts.
Is this quite just 70 c. ediiors2 Did We notify them o. Z
this sage view u ours when we borrowed their moucv2 Z
II we now recognize tire doctrine % allowing secnfers /,
70 Eoin peace q Is dincult 70 see what we can do II !
etbers choose 70 60 or % extort terms upon which they
sill pronsse 70 remain. Tie seceders insis' that Cur
admits secessilB. Taey have assumed 70 I
make a national Constitution Of their own. which II
aeSc@it, they have either dise4rded or retained ne !