Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1861-12-06

Il
the Old Flag. This leaves no armed insurrec-
tionists north Of the Potomac, or east OF the
Chesapeake. /
Also, we have obtained a footing at each of
the isolated points on the Southern coasl-ef
Hatteras, Port Royal, Tyhee Island, near Sa-
vauuah, and Ship Island; and we likewise have
some general accounts of popular. movements
in behalf of the Union in North Carolina and
Tennessee. These things demonstrate that the
cause of the Union is advancing steadily South
ward. -- -Er
Since your last adjournment, Lieut. General
Scott has retired from the headquarters OF
the army. During his long life, the Nation
has not been unmindful of his merit; yet, on |
coIling to mind how faithfully, ably, and bril- |
Hantly he has served the country from time
Ear back in our history, when few Of the now
living had been born, and thence forward con-
tinually, cannot but think that we are still
his debtor. l submit, therefore, for your con-
sideration what further mark Of recognition is
due Ia him and ourselves as q grateful people.
With the retirement of General Scott, came
the Executive duty of appointing in his stead
Generel-in- Chief of the army. II is a fOrtu-
nate circumstance that neither in council nor
country was there, as far as know, any differ.
ence OF opinion as TO the proper person 10 be
selected The retiring chief repeatedly express
ed his Judgment in favor Of General McClel-
! Ian for the position, and in this the Nation
| seemed 10 give an unanimous concurrence
| The designation OF General Mcclellan is,
therefore, in considerable degree the selection
Of the country as well as Of the Executive; and
hence there is better reason to hope there viii
be given him the confidence and cordial sup
I; port thus by fair implication promised, and
without which he cannet with so full efficiency
serve the country. as[
| II has been said that one bad General is
better than two good ones; and the saying is
true, if taken no more seen that an army is
4 better directed by single mind. though inieri-
or, than by two superior ones at variance and
cross purposes; and the same is true in all joint
operations wherein those engaged can have
none but common end in view, and can dif-
fer only in the choice of means. In storm at
sea no one on board can wish the ship to sink,
and yet not unfrequenily all go down together
because too many will direct and no single mind
can be allowed to control. @ fa
1t tcontinues TO dcvclope that the iRsurrcction
is largely, if not exclusively war upon the
, FIRST principle of popular Goyernment-the
rights of the people. Conclusive evidence of
this is found in the most grave and matuIely
considered public documents, as well US in
the general tone of the insurgents. In their
r documents we find the abridgment of the Gx-
: isting right Of suffrage and the denial to the
people Of all right 10 participate in the selcc-
, iion Of public officers except the Legislative
/ A.al aI vrit lnho II,
prove that large control OF the government in
, the people is the source of all political evil
Monarchy itself is sometimes hinied at as a
! possible refuge from the power Of the people.
j In my present position could scarcely be jus
tilted were l TO omit raising 9 warning voice
i against this approach of returning despotism.
4 Itig not needed nor fitting here that gen
r eral argument should be made in favor Of pop
e ular institutions, but there is one point with
. its connections not so hackneyed as most 9th
e ers, to which ask brief attention; il is the
, effort to place capital on an equal footing with
e if not above, labor. in the structure Of the
I Government II is assumed that labor is avail
: able only in connection with capital; that no
n body labors unless somebody else owning cap-
e tai somehow by the use Of it induces him to Ia
e ber This assumed, it is next considered wLetL-
er 1t is best that capital shall hire aborers anC
0 thus induce them to work by their own con
s sent, or buy them and drive to it without thcil
r consents, Having proceeded so far it is natur
8 ally concluded that all aborers are either hireC
Iaborers, or what we call slaves; and further
/ Il is assumed that whoever is once hired Ia
II borer, is fixed in that condition for life. Now
r there is no such relation between capital ant
Il labor as assumed; nor is there any such thin:
= as u freeman being fixed for life in the condi
c tion of a hired lAborcr. Both of these assump
d ttions are false, and al differences from them ar
n groundless. Labor is prior TO and independen
4, of capital. Capital is only the fruit of labor
e and could never have existed if labor had no
l. first existed. Labor is the superior of capita
II and deserves much the higher consideration
Capital has its rights which are as worthy 0
'r protection any other rights; nor is it deni
: cd that there is, and pFobsbly always will be
Or a relation between labor and capital, produc
d ing mutual benefits. The error is IN assumin,
&c that the whole labor OF community exists with
10 in that relation. A few Een own capital, an
IS that few avoid labor, and with their capita
s hire or buy few to labor for them. A larg
r majority belong 10 neither class; neither wor
= for others nor have others working for them
In most Of the Southern States majorit
l of the whole people. of all colors, nre neithe
ii slaves nor masters, while in the Northern,
" large majority arc neither hirers nor hired, me
1t with their families, wives, sons and daughter
20 work for themselves on their FARMS in thci
nc house and their shops, taking the whole pro
We duct TO themselves and asking no favors of cal
&c ital on the one hand, nor hired laborcrs {
1t slaves on the other.
O. 1t is not forgotten that considerable nun
he ber of persons mingle their labor wit
d capital; that is, they labor with their ow
ID hands, and also buy or hire others to labor fc
I'd them. But this is only mixed and not di
as tinct class.
No principle stated is disturbed by the exi
he tcnce of this mixed class again, as has a
to ready been said, there is not Of necessity all
th such thing as the free hired lahorer being fxe
ut in that condition for life.
ar Many independent men everywhere in the
o, States few years back in their lives wei
r. hard Iabosers The prudent, pennilcss begil
Is. uer in the world, labors for wages awhile ar
1n saves surplus with which 10 buy tools or lar
rt for himself, ard then Iabors on MS Owu urcUuu
r- and at length hires another new beginner
rs help him.
cd This is the just and generous and prospero'
Is system, which opens the way TO all, gives bcI
to all; and consequent energy, progress al
lg improvement of condition TO ALL No me
Ie, living are more worthy TO be trusted thG
m those who toll up or on from poverty, none lie
IT, inclined to take or touch aught which the
lie. have not honestly earned, Let them bewal
ofr ofthe political power they already possess ar
TO which if surrendered will surely be used
re close the door Of advancement against such {
ds they and to fix new disabilities and burder
~; .l..-. IL Ill., LII L.