davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Cedar Falls gazette. [volume] (Cedar Falls, Iowa) 1860-1895, 1861-05-17

The WAY THE PENNSYLVANIA DurcHNpS
FlGnT.-When the Berks County and other
interior troops were on their way towards
Camp Curtin, the officers had conference
over the news of the taking of Fort Sumter,
and the fact that, after thirty six hours can
nonading, no life was lost. One honest Dutch
officer could not understand how this could be
done; but another officer, better posted in
modern warfare, assured him that it was all
owing to the astonishing improvements in
modern science, which had made tho art of
war so perfect that forts might be battered
down, and cities be bombarded, and yet not a
single individual be killed. The honest Dutch
son OF Mars listened attentiyely, and in sur
prise at such remarkable results. Suddenly
his face reddened, and, with a blow ofhis fist
upon the table, which sounded like the dis.
charge of a columbiad, he exclaimed, "Dcn
by tam, dcy had better not bring down our
Dutchlnans, for dcy are so tam shtupid init
science, dat dcy could not go into fight
mitout killing somebody."-PA Le0ger.
Cedar Falls gazette. [volume] (Cedar Falls, Iowa) 1860-1895, 1861-05-17

TIE MORTALITY OF Fort SuMTER.--A great
deal has been said about the small loss in the
fight at Fort Sumter, but it should not cause
much surprise to any one acquainted with
such matters. The combatants were screened
by fortiilcations II Is well known that
Marshal Sake, a hiph authority in srich mat
ters, was in the habit of saying that to kill
a man in battle, the mans weight in lead
must be expended. "A French medical and
surgical Gazette published at Lyons, says
this fact was verified at Solferino, even with
the recent great improvement in fire arms.--
The Austrians fired 100000 rounds, the
loss of the French and Italians was 1000
killed and 10000 wounded. Each man hit
cost 700 rounds, and every man killed cost
4,2OO rounds The mean weight of balls is
one ounce; thus, we find that it required, on
an average, 272 lbs. Of lead to kill a man. II
any OF our friends should get into military
fight, they should feel great comfort in the
fact that 700 shots may be fired at them be-
fore they are hit, and 1920 before they
shuttle off the mortal coil"
Cedar Falls gazette. [volume] (Cedar Falls, Iowa) 1860-1895, 1861-05-17

RHYMIsG lovers generally woo their sweet
hearts in such wrctched verse that it is M
wonder SO many of them get Tilted.
Cedar Falls gazette. [volume] (Cedar Falls, Iowa) 1860-1895, 1861-05-17
The Women of our Union.
[From Vanity Fair. !

God bless the women of our Union
Wherever Eanity Fair has been. wherever
it goes it sees the ladies toiling night and day
in the Good Cause. In Philadelphia they
are busy as bees, cutting and stitching on
ten thousand Government uniforms; in New
York lint-scraping and bandage-rolling have
taken the places Of crochet-work in good
old Boston the grandmothers of '76 live
again in the untiring industry of the girls.
In every parlor sit the dear souls, wearing
their tri:colored badges-kecping time with
scissors, needles, and sewing machines to the
music Of the Union.
Don't tell us that the world goes backward
in Heroism. For it don't. Haven't we with.
in day heard mothers bid their sous ro to
death If it must be, but not to disgrace p
Haven't we seen true women hearts nut to
the sharpest tests and come out of the trial
as nobly as ever saint or heroine of history +?
Haven't we learned that the American girl is
a glorious creature, full Of spirit as of tender
ness, weil htted to be brave mans wife or
to cherish honorably his memory in death /?
How 1t fades away now like an empty
cream, all that was ever written or said Of
old, OF Woman's frvoity, fashions and fick-
leness +! Where be your gibes now, gentle
hiSh, you WIN WcTc WOHL 10 CHltter OF the
Sex, women this, and women that. Forgot
ten all-all lost in rue-hcarted, brave and
beautiful deeds. '
There is a wide range of war before u.s.
stirring scenes and tremendous events. Our
life is entering on new phrascs--we are to
live in new feelings and those strange and
sublime emotions which we have hitherto
only known in a reflected form, from history
ballad, fiction or the stage. In this stupen-
dous drama the Women of the Union will
play. no ignoble part. Their hands will pack
the knapsack, tie on the scarf, their lips will
give the parting kiss and whisper the part
ing blessing--their memory will inspire many
a heroic deed and cause many glorious ac-
ton.
Women of the Union--yours is no ignoble
mission, that of encouraging, aiding and nurs-
ing the defenders Of liberty. Remember that
you have ALL the opportunity before you of
doing that which will make all who come af
ter you proud of your name, and of confering
family honor. Keep no 6rooe Heart bach, but
do yourselves honor by urging all you can
onward in the career of glory ... ....-
Cedar Falls gazette. [volume] (Cedar Falls, Iowa) 1860-1895, 1861-05-17
JOB WORK.

Having purchased an entirely new Office Job De-
partment comprises large Of the latest styles
Of Type Borders &C., thus enabling to every vari-
ETY. Of Job Work in unsurpassed in this section
OF the State All work entrusted will be
cuted on short notice and reasonable terms.
Cedar Falls gazette. [volume] (Cedar Falls, Iowa) 1860-1895, 1861-05-17
SHERMAN'HOUSE.

u.
IIENRY SHERMAN. PROPRIETOR. wrsT
IL Waterloo Commercial Street y Iowa This Honse
has been recently enlarged by the erection Of addition
much larger than the original budng and has been
any house west Of the Mississippi river The best that
the market affords will always be found upon the table
The Office Of the Western Stage Company and the Rail-
road Ticket Oce Is at this House. Stages leave daily for
DIFFERENT points North, South, East and West.
k Persons travelling East South will find Il 70 their
advantage to call and buy through ticket.
nSN .3f fA J. r. JONES. Tifket Agent.
Cedar Falls gazette. [volume] (Cedar Falls, Iowa) 1860-1895, 1861-05-17
: WILLIAM r. CASE,
B AN KER

CEDAREALL6, 49,. IOWA.
A LSO NOTARY PUpLrc, REAL ESTATE AND IN
H surence Agent Exchange on al r0rts ofths I,st-
ted Sf0tee and Europe. bought aHd esd. Collections
made Anf psemDtH remitted. Money invested and Taxes
= DF pap:resddents, at the usual commission.
RETxRExcEs.
Broadway Bank. New York.
Messrs. Geo. p. Bisscu Co.. Bankers, Hartford Conn.,
Merchants Savings, Loan Trnst Co. Bank Chicago
.< ester Weed President ofthe State Rank OF Iowa
INCH Bank OF the state of iowa at Dubuque ST.
Cedar Falls gazette. [volume] (Cedar Falls, Iowa) 1860-1895, 1861-05-17
GEO. e. DEAN.

NOTARY PUBLIC and GENERAL AGENT
N Cedar Falls, Iowa. Blank Deeds, Bonds etc., con-
stantly hand. s 1:tf .
Cedar Falls gazette. [volume] (Cedar Falls, Iowa) 1860-1895, 1861-05-17
DARIUS ALLEN,

A TTORNEY AT LAW, AND SOLICITOR IN
IA CIIANCERY, Cedar Falls, Iowa. Notes and Bills
Collected and Claims secured in Black Hawk, Buchanan
Bremer, Butler Franklin Grundy and Benton counties
Office in Overman's new block Main st. 2:tf
Cedar Falls gazette. [volume] (Cedar Falls, Iowa) 1860-1895, 1861-05-17
AMERICAN HOTEL.
: ORSON RICE,
8. B. VANBUsKIRK

y ns VANBUSAIEEA, -
TTORNEY and COUNSELOR AT LAW,
"A Cedar Falls, Iowa. will attend promptly to all busi
entrusted 30 his care.
REfEkENCES.
q. D. Richardson, Banker, Geneva, Wis.,
G, NJ. Baker, Attorney, &c. Geneva, Wis.
J. T. Wentworth, District Attorney, walworth Co., Wis.,
i. d. Hale, Esq. Geneva Wis.,
E. Andres, ESQ.,, Geneva, Wis.
Case Raymond, Elk Horn Wis
Winsor Smith, Elk Horn, Wis. IS s- ~ -Frs..-
Spooner Hardness, Elk Horn Wis.,
Office opposite the Gazette Office in Overmans Block
Cedar Falls gazette. [volume] (Cedar Falls, Iowa) 1860-1895, 1861-05-17

| would be sorry to take $50 for the lot
For all Of which they expect handsome no.
tice in the Era or bulletin. As this scraw,
has already become somewhat lengthy I will
not, at this time, undertake to mention the
mills for working the ores.
In concluding this letter / trust it NAV not
be considered out Of place to say, what I
should perhaps have said in the beginning of
my first, viz: That wish it to be under
stood that in these letters | do not aim at
penetrating to a depth exceeding six miles
into any particular subject; nor do / endeay-
or to rival the elegance, correctness, and bril-
liancy of literary stars Of the first magnitude.
/ am content to glimmer in dusky corner
of the literary armament, somewhere between
Dickens and Thackeray, and would not de.
sire to blaze alongside Of such transcendent
lights as Slyvanus Snobb or Bub Nedline.-
| have endeavored to set FORTH in my crude
and rambling way, some Of the peculiarities
Of society, country etc. for the amusement
OF my friends at home. In my descriptions
l may not always have been as successful as
/ could have wished in some instances in
cidents' supremely ridiculous or intensely
ludicrous to an eyewitness or one CONVEX
SAINT with the thoughts and feelings Of the
class among which they transpired may ap-
pear to those unfamiliar with such scenes ias
being extremely vapid. In such instances
can only humbly beg the patience and for
tsarancc Of my readers. The above apology
Cedar Falls gazette. [volume] (Cedar Falls, Iowa) 1860-1895, 1861-05-17
Massachusetts.

S0oer CITY, q. r. Feb. 14th, 1861.
, 1861-09-27

DR. SWEETS RFLLRLE LTEIMENT Is pre-
ra-rd ~rr. tue .eceire OF Dr. Stephen Sweet OF Con
nestica til. ccat setter, and has been used in
bis n,ht1tse fe. the last twenty yea-s with the most
as1o.isb esrccesA 1t e1ters: -emeay 1t Il with.
Cut :iv e and ~ alleviate rs'7 epsedns tas9
Ely o,ser preparation For all fshepn4ttc end Ner-
Tcu. Disorders 1t L truly izia.ltos. a. 1fAcuraye
pr scres, Wsunas Spraina. Bruises &c, ts soothing,
Gc8nc sna powerful Strengthening properties s1ctte
tee just wonder n2t enlistment Qt all VINO have e7er
Ei-en It t:1A1 Overt hundred ce11acates Of re-
1rz,kA5e cu1.+ Performed hy 1t within tbs last two
Yea.1 tt.e5t this fact FOR -alo DJ J. 4. JOHNSON.
Ge>e.a! Agent, 70 erst. E.-set. Chicago. 9ad by au
pcalCrr nDl5W1oT-d-1y
, 1861-09-27

tain Clearing date tue 7ta day of March a b.
1, md due and parable In SIX after date> for
fhe FUN of tTe9y nine hundred acd utnety.ave ael-
also default hAs been made in the payment at Ger
tain bond or obligation OF same date sai6 note aud
given to secure the payment ot the SUM of seven
twenty cents, $,:s4 = cA which sid note and boad
toEcther Wit other Indebtedness, are described in.
I'd secured bI csrt4ln tne:t-a9e executed ~ E.
nth DAY Il March = s. rs md .ecorued IN tic Re-
covdezs office OF Coo2 County, Illinois, II Book u Of
aortsaSes, psEe 67a. which SAID mortgage has been
Now. thereforc II Pursuance Of tie 7owc-s Of sale
II said mortwage continued pubic net.:e i hereby
EiTen. that on Wednesday, tho twenty 1trh. day of
a sse e tss ss
Isha1 sell at public auction t. the highest bidder ~,
cash. the premises Mentioned and described IL 1atd
BLOCK Ei1yeight {asl Of the original town Of Chcago
beginning at stake On the ea5 Inns Of said lot eght
{sl as said lot originally laid out fortJnya f4sl
hing vest parallel wita the north line OF aid I5t
Islt snss thirty lvl feet west Of the west line ct
said sschs to me north Ea 4 said lot sevea
oa the alley; thence along the north Of said lat
sevcn ant eight the north east corner q sid
ssd lot eight 70 tha paca of beginning al N tbs cty
Chicago, County of Cock and State OF Illinois,
the tenements, hereditAr cnts and appursenancea
demptiou Of the said E. Ilan.loiph smith and Nife.
.,.s~1F NJ SMs1ISSSTE0S. AssiEnea q Mo!tsssee
The above sale Is nostpeued to Saturday,, Oct etz.
1s61 81 the same hour I'D place.
=; H WINSTON, Assigned Of Mortgage
, 1861-09-27

AsTER'S SALE.-State of iii.
1o csSSas SSassss2y q e095 eas y F
Ssits @ SsfEs;ssE s s%t5 5saa;S Sas.ii 5i2Elz:
SelysF aad ssmnsl 81 < % 70 feisalo.s
sas7 eats sss,s
IssteF !" ChsEee! i ta= suEeFof Coart of Ealcs:o
L e tess s.
ss & i G oG 1f t s e a. "a q
stpt, ,mbs1. + s ,ssl i sIs7en eelSeE i tae te!e
Ct i e. ae as s ss: fsss.ssa Ss Ess "a
State of 1nc,s eE - much thereof as 9aI hs aeees
fai3 decree. @lh cos:s q sut and etpesssa Of sid
st1e to m Snf 81 to g 5Is s. ne
s. "a tssSisss s q. Z = Rfss e. 5s5s | M
4S 5ssl aes 5ssia Rso e. IS s4ss st s. :, e &
Rloek e M Lets siee g :Pd &; S5s X oat
sss ssFSg SsRg g;sloS !; r.
@ sad eleven ~ In h'k''no'df1 1ka estss22 seor r
Ss T. csssss55 s T. c7af so
e .ssSs IL t.
Gssaes5 gsss Il t it he Superior s'8 s sssd'
ES1aTE OF ROBERT PAT
ETEKsOE D7oxAsxD.-PubEc Notcs IS hereby
gfysu to al persons having claims and demhn&
s nst estate Of the said Robert Patterson dsceas
Cd to present the same adjudication sad setnest
at . regular term Of the County CcuFt Of Cook
Cegety be h1laea nat st t. GonE .Hsnse II sae e
1851. being the 16th.dAy thereof
NELSON THOMAssON. Aa=a1atstratar.
Ehftxxo June Il 1851 ty3R5.Et9
ESTATE OF WILLIAM KAN.
S. 9s,f 95SS s ofFsEb s. i.ss
KsUE erer vii, GE the third Monday Of October LEI
mase application to the County Court ct Cook Co1R-
y, fux Ee5 released irola fu-t1eE liability n2os their
bonds toT tie sa!d eIecut{L and that In p1rsnsncE
Of an order - be t1eued bE the said CoI1t settle
| ment and adiudica1on Of the accou1H Concerning
the estate Of VII kAnI1eEcr Will take plaEe.
GHTTLEIB KATH3FEI.A
| ANQEEW WOLFF.
ChicaEo. August tn 12s7- RraoKtw
, 1861-09-27
RafIf'loaJ8.
MICHIGAN CENTRAL RAIL
WI RoAD. ! - >
:: GREAT CENTRAL ROUTE


Te New Yexk. NsW EAGlanA and th4
CaHAAA&s
On md after SUNDAY, AnS. m ~, 1ftaans fex.e
~ FFekt Central Depot, f0os u 1Ae& sexeet, II
Y.A0 4 u-Iazhtatnx Kxpfss& {exoept e1Hd8yo H.
r11e It Detroit ~ +, n: eqs7Gn1iMnn q
EsV FofE T0E II; Boston. 11:i3 r. II,
E:&Q 2. M-New Totk and Bostpo Expre1k (except
HeturdayO N1tye 1t Detroit 80 A. II
{Toronto. So 2. r.; Montreal 100 10
Suspension Bridge or Buffalo, so 3 ~
Albany, ~ 4 \; Esw Xork. 500 4 n;
Bostun, 12QP. n
Cincinnati Trains. 1fa n G. R2froad leave Chicago
at 100 4. II. M1l Train; 60A r. II. Fsst Express;
3fIi!e Il Chicago at 700 A. II: East Express and
1&:4k Night NAL Train
The SOB F. II Trs1n leaving Ctic3Ro runs through
to Cincinnati Without Change Of cara o. baggage.
Ealisbury's Patent Busters
Are run On Day Express T1a1rs-
PA1EhTsIEEPINa CARS on ALLNIGHT TRAISs
r. Baggage Checked Through II
THROUGH IICkET5 tor sails n Ill p,1sclpa Rail
Eo4d Omces n the West, at the Gs1ena Olce coraer
Lake and Dearborn st1eet4 {uoder tho Tremunt
HoEze,3 Chicago. and at tha Depot
4. n. RICE. General Snpsri1t telIe1t.
&c. A. BEAN. Western Fsss. Ag-t
, 1861-09-27
Chicago Grib,itte


TTTHFN NF
r4,.-a ia notb,n,r nm, ao+aa ,,,.t, -. .sa-
,,,or, ,,nnov+aoce then its -;c,,. a,s.,;a.ts. ~
yet tbe erho1a +h.orr fs a .,r,9,o - =. az
trsrd finely fbrongh +ha .o,1 Il. ..e.,. IT,
not 50 d5ffnsed II is ~ c.rrss nra,,.s,~ ~ - -
eame a. If absent. m. te.t ~ ooasaene eas
". to ennn7v a o,v,an e-,.n+;+1 ae |ar.;1;.;as
material Ia in a sta+. ~ .a7,~.;. 49,. :. -
1iouid manure "a that - III. - non,a - oaata-t
with everv nart5c,e NJ eo;, Tho wa-,t --a~ ~
to throw It in coarsa 1nmns ~ naasez ovsr
the cronn5 md hv b,a r;1aw,nr hal, cova-
some oftbe co,rse 1nn,ra nd 1.o,.a c+,ar, ~
p3 s'n1 1'"'e o'n"A" "u-
eo'eteu- Ii Inc season happens TO be very
vet, tmal1 portion of the soluble parts may
find its 1Yay into the eoil. and ultimately ha
neef,1 IN tha,,1o,ts. ,e 49, .as,e- - 49, ~
~ sA0 pAante' Iae os'asou u oly' aae
uncovered parts msy be Of little possible
bcreft as mulch. and the covered partx
prove nos14;va1x frtnr,o,,a hv ranao-;no+ a.
-, - Aen47 tn'
eoA of1ef, Without giving 1t any Ilch particles.
But in ordinary practice manure cannot be
converted tn 1fonfd. and than ann,sed in watar
car+a r. ea-aa 1ar1,. 1ea., 1e-ss1a.. w. "s.A ~
~. 80. Aue saus iesns W1s' no" esei' pe "
taanee IN euect oy e1nerent and tar easier
management. Let the rains dissolve the SOL
nb1e Tnan17re m FIR enof vbero n IA v,n+a5
-, =. "1N~.~ y ~ ~ aof
"ho e@if3 F." o1leeus anoae Inc partacl1s OF
SOL Ibis cannot be done in summer, when
it will be dried M rather than diReo1ved tt
ia ~. ~ ho oe..,.,,,,.ts.
40 oN'S ~ pe aeeon.plleneo o5 au'
tnnn ana sPEng rams, or during
winter thaWs. That is, spread The
manure IN autumn 1nheneuef practicable. The
, 1861-09-27

4 AtN A-ASI@ ~ h-4AAAA}~"- " OAn4
Waller his wtts e5esgtsa @ q and delivered Young
e ths RSeofdsT # cSok E9Saty: niseIs q IL Ia
- Whereby hey made congeyance Of certain psscse
Of land thsresn described 70 sccufa ths Payaont Ct
said tIass deed which said notes were dss1 y ID
GaElas!d. te secuze II t1aebsedneas to aeaaasszA
al ss sergs !. sss na:
saa n;Sntsoy n9,ss o. intcrgss o. aay Part sasEs
IT,
sentat,ves assTns It should be lawful for said Scam
e sas
Hf M aa a ey fa 9Ss E
due sad s Aa b. snpsap s s Iii ia
ed - "a Saa au dee t. sd d. tA
On e. Hass q af!seg Fxsa
r. 9 So1 T. Il IS R I'LL At Il fs X = = s
! Cook County lInols. for the highest md bes pdca
t II M Z sre saas H. ss &
Csal!slt aEd Walss % ana wffe therein m @ ~h!sh % ss.d
] rGss tsis M 5 5s ts ss S1
e:e::x :: saS ssa i i Iloss i 1,!S iess
apts ss eoqn aa.4tst M q seeos d
nns n u sIes f'5 ssss s5s
| TRUSTEES SALE.--Whoreass
T. Hsnzy #s,er and saEaa 3; Wsller: h. siia ~;
deed cf trust, darEd Rrch f4th, 4. D. 1S$Q and
corded II. the oCe Of the Recorder Of C,Ok EoaDtY,
Hin ta tie 18th lsy Of Marc. A. D. 1854 In Book
1sS OF Deeds ct PaEe 7i9 conveying ceEsan los4 ot
cure the psYEent CT certa1u prcms9r3 notes satd
trrst dess Rtec:he: and. Whereas was st4ea n
said det 1hAt ID defsnlt should be hd@ bf ssi3
Henri Waller to aid Hotes A1a Interest As they
E.uld respectively become due according t. taat5
tefoT ard trt 'h-7. application Of Hot1a11 4
ssonld Re 9T Isl aid sca,unon to sell aaa d1spos
Ct said prenslsts G. any part there: And III r1ght
benefit and tq:tsY 1f r7de...c1 Of said Waller and
Vic their hel-s CT a5slEnA tltrcla ii pre-.
Ec1bed Ia Ea3 tes1; and. E1::reao. csrtsln Install
me1ta Of interest en- said pOtaS hsv fasQ du8, and
default las t:er G1sua BIZ s..a Henry " +ler Ia ps5.
GE OF sa1d Interest On 8sla notea st the tune Whs1
the ss daa, and said interest sa not beea paid
MP 70 this h9E: y whereas. tsatt Hoffman, and
sePcke:1 t:e legal holoera Of said netes ha7e msda
0ttstio1 to said Scanmnn to advertise for -41e AnG
Ee an. CspcFe Of Fad Pretee according to tle pro-
! visions OF FAIL sced Of trust
Nov. therefore. notice is hereby giye1 that Has
day Of September. a. D. lt6l, a. the hour Of tan
O'Clock In the forenc 81 the nerh door OF ths Court
HOUSE. Il the city Of Chicago Cnok County.
offer fIr s.1t and sell at oubtc auction for tue iiEhaHs
aud best price the will eriEg In cash, the ns4
Aforesaid with all right tenent AID equity Of edemp
ton Of said Henry Waller anl wife therein. wGis1a said
rm1ses t!tuate In the C,uEty Of Cook aud State
g. 81 81 IS. So 90 a, - IS aad - in Block 2; Lot
Is Is In Block S: and Let a. In Block al n swtd
| & HcauleE's subdivision cf the north halt at the
soGtr half oi the west half Of TIE n. = Of Sec- a.
T,3sS y T. u f. lYioS Il thE City e Eel.:aTsr @ sc
| e,.,,-, Jroa 3ffk sSsi A'1 L. < zev11 III
, 1861-09-27

ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAIL-
l. ROAD,
CHANGE OF TIME.
Or and ater SUNDAY, July 9th 1881, trains WIZ
leave from the Great Central Depot foot Of LaIs and
South Water streets, n follows:
THROUGH EXPRESS, datly Except Suusays}, 1t
$50 A. n s-:1vtnE at Cairo At - na,astSht~
Ae4Ehis New Qrs.aas and Mobile.
ACCnMA0DATION {eveES day) st $50 z, X to-
CAIRO eld Way stEtt5E8, arriving as Cairo at
500 P. N ne1. day.
This sFain On Saturdays w11 run on1y to U1bsn4
Irn11a arrive at Chicago 9.36 A n sud 200 2. u
H{DK PARK End WOOD LAWN.
Irn1ns will leaEe ChlcAso: LeaYe Wood LGTl:
6D0A NJ 6o55 4 A.
aA5 A.M, sos ~ M
1n1 H. TSH N
500 I'm, S-s5 ~
6AIP+A- 6-50 II
eE For 1cketa and Information spDly It The otica
In the Great Central Depot
... ~ =. ARTHUR Gen. sapr.
, 1861-09-27

The following interesting and suggestive ar
t:cle We coEy from the Il. E. Farmer: Leaf
manure has long been held in high estimation
by gardeners aud foriculturistz, as affording
enc Of the best substances known as a food
for plants. Many, however, regard it as q
purely vegetable substance, whereas it is rich
in mineral matters which have direct and
powerful tendency to improve the constitu-
t;onal texture and character Of any soil to
which they may be applied. The alimentary
substances which Contribute to the susie
nance and gtowta Of vegetables are for the
most part taken up in state Of solution By
the roots. In this condition all Of the mine
rsl ingredients discovered in plants are 1utro-
duced into the system, such, for instance, as
eilex, lime, potassa, magnesta, alumina, &c.
The sap, which is the medium Of this trans
mission and assimilation, passes into the leaf
where the watery particles are thrown out by
evaporation through the minute spiracles on
the upper surface OF the leaf, and the mineral
matters retained and distributed through the
plant, ard in part through the vascular struc-
ture Of the leaf itself.
To illustrate more fully the truth Of the po-
s'Hon assumed, We present the following analY-
sis Of the leaves OF the pear tree, p1ucked In
May, Immediately after the falling Of the bios.
EfmE.
, 1861-09-27

TRiCAGO AND NORTHWEST.
~ ERN RAILWAY.
For Kocklert Eelo1t, Freeport, JGnesEfl1e, 9a1eaA
Naeiso:, Pra:He du CHEN. Fond d1 Lac OEakoln
6Tssn By. Berlin RtnoE Ia Cross st ~ Esul A.
leare VIZ:
Through to all the above points, aud connecting a
both P!sir1e du C4tsa aad Ls Crosse, With sssas:7
WY Passenger 8:36 z. n. for Jsnezrtlie.
Trs1ns a:-:T= 6:a0 a VI 12:lsF F. n; $50 Z,
l. DUNLAP, Superintendent
Z. DK WITT EostzsoH. Cen Ticket Agent oc-s-1.
, 1861-09-27

GALENA & CHICAGO UNION
O. ND ailer Monday. ApTn 1<th. 81 f7s.ns Etu |
Baes fad 5 hSsoa s5 Id "a s
Pein:s: 40 M q! EIS!n Bsl7ideEs kozs15fl "a
@sf;sss Fe,sS TsssnSsls toF Esloit ID J.aesytI
ass:ste ts Soas, vii ~ tss Se Gs TIL sa u h'
es'n CT e! #:s!ss,E9
THE PEN NNsYLVANIA CEN
L. TEAIRAuROADi is F!1ztCass Road In al
zespecsa.
With 2s5 Niles Of Double Track,
.THREE DAILY TRAINS with connections fzou
all reints Wesp.
fRGk Fl1I5suRs TO PHILADELPHIA,
All eoanssnrg direct to New York,
Morning Mail, Afternoon Fast Line Night
Express.
One Train Daily from Pittsburs to New York,
tzss mi1ts). Without change CT cars-
VIA ALLENTOWN AND EAsToy.
hour il zdyaace Of otEe1 routes, IL ane tor Boston
By EAil tF Eoat Lines
Express Trains Run Daf1y--Others
Sundays Excepted,
Boston TtsEeta Tia PttaburE good y1a Pnsaelpaia
OF Allentown.
B0AT TICKETS TO BOSTON
Good via eu3 CT the bcat Lines.
Two Daily Connections from Harrisburg to
Baltimore and Washington.
BAGGAGE CHECKED TRR0UGH-.4LL
TRANSFERS FREE.
FARE ALWAYS As LOW AS By ANY
OTTER ROUTE.
Buy Tickets via Pittsburg.
| TICKETS FOR SALE AT ALL MAIN
OFFICES.
| FREI9Hrs
By this roers Frceh,s 81 q. cescpt1ans can be -
IN =. 9
% Is Rsessy17ssas HsiIFeaa s,ae connects q Pits
to os o. 3ha 6h II Ten
9s.E:e cqE6e5lsnd illinois ,l1ssi;siFp Mis:o9sin.
saa With steamers to
9ne e
Ra e II 81 dPfssz 10 and from any
II the West By the Penns33s<nls RaiiSoad &Ee At 81
tines AZ favorable Sc arc dsEeed b5 other Railroad
-W.B particular to mark packages IVA PKszA
FL sNKEpER Ph1sdelph'e; . -
eksSHS 8 Hsass sssst as ssHs5s s5s
zSGSqoE 81 SSsss :ssts fs g;ssst Res:sa sess PILLS.
AGur Es5cfal snn[ Ilssft 5.
pUTSBURGH, FIT. WAYNE &
L. CHICAGO RAILROAD.
ss &C.; s9s szs te q asg
7:f0 T. n. Night Express except ssturdsJs)
fek RosToH, NEW K0RK, PHHA5ElPfzzk
i BALTIMORE, WASHINGTON,
Ha, risbuI'g & Pittsburg
Aso-!oK ALHAS7. ~ ,RaggEE4AsLo3 RgNzisz
:AEVE1AE2 ERr< cq1hH7fSa 1aiqoNs c1So1s'
ali g. sss s':S9s s5sRs 5ss esssssn Chicago h
e s 0s ~
sfsse a bson be1o a
G,litsso. ~ ros.
R,F.RAymcK Ticket zesat. %" : 1e1' 1-S-.
TRlCAGO AND NORTHW EST
zocszrt nsi5s Eas fa1M4f fisa1si jsne.v,. e.,s.
s Fl Fl E hsFR aGss + SsS sES;es IL s. il IT @ Is
81 sso 4so NM n sss na sss sea
hota PTsiEle du C4tza aad Ls Crosse With assa-as;
sps ss7 ssa I Sia;s E;5s;Is,:SSs5, ssS
T. Dx WITT EoB1sBoa, Gen Ticket Agent oc1s-1.