The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1861-01-08

| resolu utioHs of many of the non -slavehoidi n
| States, from the time Texas sought admission
| into the Union, up to this day, confirm this
| view of the designs and purposes ef the free
| States.
| Who can have forgotten the attempt made
| by the northern people to use the mails for the
| transmission of the vilest papers, illustrated
| by pictorial representations. calculated and
| intended to produce dissaiis fac ion and re.
volt amongst the slaves, and to incite their wild
| passions to vengeance" against their masters
| and others In slavehoiding Statesl The Oh.
jects they then had in view, and towards the
accomplishment of which their efforts were di
rected, were the abolition of slavery in the
District Of Columbia and the exclusion of
| slave States from admission in to the Union
Since the formation of the government t. com
posed OF the original thirteen States, twenty
new Sta'es have been added to the Union.
making now the number Of thirty three. OF
the number added, eleven have been free
States and nine slave States For many
years the policy was to admit States part
pdsSK, so TO preserve the equilibrium IA
in the Senate between the North and the
South In carrying out this policy, Vermont
and Kentucky, Tennessee and Ohio. Indiana
and Mississippi, Illinois and Alabama. Maine
and Missouri, Arkans s and Michigan, Florida
and Iowa, came in together, or near the same
time. When the State of Missouri was ad :
mitted, the State of Maine was cut off from
the then State OF Massac usetts, for the pur-
pose OF preserving the equilibrium between
the North and South, in the Senate. A North
ern State was divided with a view of keeping
up the eq dipoise, and that division gave ali
additional free State to the u ion. That eq ui-
poise is now destroyed, and we stand fifteen
slave and eighteen free States. Even in this
state of the case, the South has been so for
bearing and unselfish that she has never asked
for the division OF her States, that the eQ ui-
polSe might be restored.
An advantag has been gained over US in an-
other respect, equally important The or
ganized Territories with the exception of
New Mexico) are destined to become free
- pa "a ata IL Tcrr
will be Of like character. All of these Terri
tories will come into the Union near about
the same time aud while The North has The
advantage over now of six Senator'S hat
advantage must, in the ordinary course of
events, il the Union shall survive, be greatly
Increased Besides, the territory of the slave
States is generally large; the territory of The
tree States generally small Rhode Island is
made equal to Missouri in the Senate; Com
necticut is a counterpoise to Virginia; Yer.
mont, with its wild fanaticism, is an offset TO
Georgia, the empire State of ihe South.
Can il be surprising that the people of the
South should be restlve and uneasy under
such circumstances In addition, Il candi-
date has just been elected 10 the Presidency
who gave uJerance to The following atrocious
sentiments, indicating his bitter hostility To
The SJuth aud her iAs AsiitutionS: La my opin-
ion, 1t the slavery agitalon) will not cease
unIl Crisis shall have been reached and
passed house divided against itself CAM
not stand. l believe this Government cannot
endure permanently, halt slave and haif free.
| do not expect the Union t. be dissolved : |
do not expect the Rouse to tall but l do ex-
pect ii Will cease ID be divided. 1t will become
all one thing or al the other. Either the op-
ponents of slavery will arrest the further
spread of it, aud place II where The public
mind shall rest IN the belief that it is in the
course Of ultimate extinction, or its advoca es
will push It forward until it shall become
alike lawful in all The States, old as We'll as
new North rs we'll as SJuth. And again, he
says: Il embrace with pleasure thus oppor-
tuniJy of declaring my d,SoPproJaton of that
clause Of the Constitution wltcn denies to
portion of the colored people the right OF sut-
frage."
When a President is elected, entertaining
and boldly ayowing such sentiments-when,
10 this moment, they nave never been relract-
ed or quaEfieo have we not reason tor alarm
and resentment!
The Uniou is now disrupted; let the North
bear the blame. They have bEought these sad
and depluTabe res uitS upon the country ana
the candid and honest men of the world will
hold them responsible for the destruction OF Il
Government that has challenged the admra-
ton and com handed The respect OF the ma
tions OF the earth. Before God and The world,
tney will be held answerabie for this caiam-
ity.
They yet have the power to end the strife
aud excitement, and restore confidence 10 the
country. Will they do 1T P! l await their re-
sponse. but not wlthou apprehension. Time,
however, will st on furnish The answer. The
rresent state of things cannot continue long
II CuaHgc 1OT tne DcLtef CT the worse uSL
soon come.
Can il be supposed that a dissolution of the
Union eau end III the organization OF North
ern and Southern Contederacy, em oracing the
5 ates and Territory on this side of the Rocky
M untalns entertain no such opinion. l
consider IL not only possible, b..t highly pro-
bable, that when dlsunIon shall come, We will
have iOur organizations, independent and dis
tinct. The States and Territories on the Pa
cific, by reason of their locality and isolation,
Will form one. The New England States, wi h
New York, in consequence OF their identity of
opinions on the subject OF African slavery, and
their other fauatical ideas of like kind, will con-
stitute the second. The border slave States,
with Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Missouri,
and the Northwestern States aAd Territories,
will form the third. The Ohio river, great
highway, owned by Virginia, furnishes a
common bond of union between several of
them--the Missouri river, another great
highway, is a bond of union between others
asd as tnese make up the Mississippi, that
great valley will sooner or later form union
with those with whom they trade and whose
interests are therefore common. For this or
ganiZation, New Orleans would be its chief
city. 1t would be The exporting and import
lug city for the States Ia existence, a,4d those
which may be hereafter iormed out OF the i'm
mense unsettled territory which it would
possess besides, the unsold public lands
would invite population, and their sales would
furnish the means TO defray governmen tai
expenses, in part at least. Kentucky and
the north wesLe territory originally formed
a part of the domain of Virginia.
This organization will keep her united
with what formerly belonged to her,
and constituted part OF her territory.
The Cotton States would form the fourth.
All these Contederacies being thus formed, al
though Louisiana, Arkansas, Texas and Mis-
sissippi might at first attach themselves 10 the
Cotton State organization, very short time
would elapse before they would find il to be
their interest TO connect themselves with the
border and Northwestern States. Their trade,
their interests, their business relations, are
with those States, and all upon the waters of
the Mississippi and Its tri ributaries must neces-
sariiy be united. II Louisiana remained in
alliance with The Cotton States, her great city
OF New Orleans would nave to compete win
Mobile and Charleston, for The export and i'm
port trade, and the most sne could hope for,
would be third OF IL.
Such an arrangement would be followed by
a struggle tor the key OF the gulf, (Pensacola, }
and the third Organiza ion would have IL, cost
what 1t might i'll treas sure and blood. II would
be TOO important an cQuisition to give up 10
the Cotton State Conlederacy, without q
desperate struggle. These are my spec ulations
as TO the results that are TO follow dissoln-
ton of the Union. These results are bad
enough, but may be much worse. 1t is not
given 10 US to read the future. We may, no r.
ever, speculat" aboutit.
Wnen the Union was formed, it was not ex-
pec ted or believed that the domestic institu-
lions of all the States should be alike. The
institutions Of Maine and Louisiai u were
never intended TO be the same. The people OF
each were invested with full power to deter
mine whether slavery should exist, and the
former decided against the institution the
latter decided in its tayor-aS each had the un-
doubted right 10 do.
In the list of grievances against the North
| it is somewhat remarkable, that in our owu
State so little has been sad IN regard To the
| cond act of The Governors OF Iowa and Ono
| in refusing To surrender fugitives from justice
who par pated ia the Harper's Ferry rad
| They were regularly indicted the Governors
| Of Lhoss States were applied 10 IN due form 70
and our people, instead vf taking a stand, and
making an issue upon this prac Lcal questio