davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1861-12-18
New Series---Vol. XVI, No. 8.

dience, in order that they may End it easy
to obey reascn,
They should be led in the best pathway
OF life; aud the habit will soon become
pleasant to them. Pythagoras.
host teachers sow plants instead Of seeds;
do not proceed from the most simple prin-
cip!es.
First, the senses should be exercised
then the memory, then the understanding,
sad lastly, the judgment; and all by com.
mencing as science does, with an induc-
ton.
The pupil should learn nothing by rota
which he has not already comprehended.
He should learn nothing which is not
useful either for one or another condition
in life.
Every art is learned by practice. The
teacher must do the work before the schol-
ar does it. Comeaius.
1t is not over loading with dead knowl-
edge, but the purifying and strengthening
OF the moral feelings, which is the highest
aim Of education Lucian.
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1861-12-18

dence upon those which have preceded it.
The weekly review will show to them the
close and interesting connection between
different chapters and rules; and how
Thursdays lesson depends for its especial
proof or force upon the ideas and truths
found in Mondays, or that Fridays portion
can only be thoroughly understood and an
preclated when it is shown how delicate
threads OF connection attach it to all the
preceding lessons of the week. Thus it
Will be not only more beneficial, but doubly
interesting, to the pupils
But many teachers do not follow the
plan of reviewing. There must be for this
some reasons; what are they?
A few ~ teachears have an idea that to
get through the book is the great desider-
atum Most scholars are possessed with
this hereSy. Of course there can be no
possible objection to ones getting through
the book at any time provided one under
stands 1t we'll. 1t is net the being through
that isohjectionab!e, but the hurrying, skim
ming, coming through with superficial
knowledge OF what one has been over, with
vague idea that Arithmetic has to do
with cipherng, Grammar with coniugating
1 lore, History With the record Of few
battles. | know scholars who have been
studying American History for several ses
sIons who could not tell me now where the
battle Of Lexington was fought, between
what parties and from what cause. To get
through, is not the idea, but to grasp the
parts thoroughly, understandingly, so that
IN the end the whole may be attained with
pertectness.
Some teachers are too lazy to take the
trouble to review Now nobody has any
right to be lazy, particularly not you, o
teacher Aside from the higher consider
ations OF duty that are suggested by such
commands as, d" Be diligent in business"
"Whatsocver thy hand fndeth to do, do it
with all thy might" and the responsibility
that every Christian teacher ought to feel
to use every moment to the benefit OF the
scholars under his charge, there is another
idea not SO lofty or noble, but yet true and
worthy Of consideration-the School Direc
tors do not hire you to be lazy They do
hire you to be as active as you can to secure
the good Of your pupils during the time
you are with them.
Your time in the schoolroom is not your
own in which to take it easy or not, as you
please, but is your employers and your schol-
ars' to use TO the full in whatever way seems
best for the Advancement of your school.
And if reviewing is conducive to that 3D.
vancement, then it is your duty to attend
to it, even though it take more time and
talking and attention than every time to
let them % take from where you left off to
the bottom of the next page" S.
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1861-12-18
A Good Education.

True education is the most desirable Of
all that is good and therefore should not
be neglected.
In the soul of man, good and evil lie
near each other. If the latter, for want of
education, get the upper hand, the man
falls beneath himself.
But education, which promotes goodness,
raises him above himself
1t is by education that the man first be-
comes truly man. Plato.
Excellent was the saying Of the Lace
daemonian educator: Il teach the boys
to take pride in what is good, and to abhor
what is shameful
This is in truth the most beautiful and
most noble aim which man can have in ed
pcation. Plutarch.
The remark was well founded which
Crates the Theban was accustomed to make,
that if it were possible, he would stand on
the highest place in the city, and cry out,
with all his power, What are you think
ing of, you people, that you are devoting
all your industry to the requirement OF
riches, but take no care at all OF your
children, to whom you are going to leave
them Y
[ might add, that such father behaves
like one who bestows all his care on the
sandal, but neglects the foot above it.
Plutarch
The young should be accustomed to obe-
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1861-12-18
! 9AfQQGlA
Edited by A. SMITH, County Superintendent
For the Educational Column.
Reviewing.


L have a number of times heard this
sentiment given by teachers at our County
Institutes, mot how much, but how welr
"a sentiment well worth repeating but
better worth acting upon. This, however,
| fear is not done as thoroughly as it should
be- if 1T were, We should have more review
ing done in our schools The importance
OF going over with what has been learned
some time after the lessons have been first
reclted-in short, Of reviewing frequently,
cannot be over. estimated.
There are many scholars who learn very
readily and always have the lesson for the
day SO that they can recite it fuently, who
nevertheless for the very reason that it is
so easily committed) do not remember so
that at the end of week they can give
any correct synopsis or even general idea
of that days lesson. Such scholars will be
greatly benefited by a weekly, or more
frequent, review. 1t will tend to give them
more thoughtful and less hasty way OF
preparing the lesson at the first and will
assist them in retaining what they learn.
Many, indeed the majority of pupils,
learn each days lesson without any special
thought Of its connection with or depen
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1861-12-18
Teachers Convention

There are some special reasons for trying
to render the Convention at Milroy during
the Holidays highly successful. This
county has very respectable name for the
attendance of its teachers upon Institutes,
and their praiseworthy efforts to make the
best use of all such aids to improvement
1t is to be hoped that the number at MIL
roy will be so great as to add to this repu-
tation. The real benefit which may reas-
onably be expected from careful attention
to the exercises of the Convention, and
participation in them, should induce all
teachers who can, to be present on that oc-
casion. This should be inducement enough,
but fortunately we can urge far stronger
motive. Prof. Bates, Deputy State Super
iptendent, will be there and will speak at
length upon Physical Education, and will
illustrate his remarks by various exercises
suitable for introduction into Schools 1t
is very desirable that all the teachers of
the county be witnesses of this part of the
proceedings of the Convention.
Let every teacher who is conscious of
any necessity for improvement in knowl-
edge or professional skill, determine to at
tend. A s.
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1861-12-18
reapThe following anecdote is told of the

FaT The following anecdote is told of the
President by THE Boston journal:
'One of the soldiers in the Vermont reg
iment to which private Scott, the soldier
sentenced to be shot for sleeping upon his
post, belonged, relates an incident which
shows in a strong light the kindhearted
character -four President. Scott was to be
shot early in the morning. On the after
noon before, it was decided to pardon him,
but the place of his confinement was six or
seven miles from Washington. President
Lincoln telegraphed to the officer in charge
of the execution, but getting no reply, and
fearing that his message might have mis-
carried, he went himself after dark to the
encampment, to make sure that all was right.
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1861-12-18
T HE nffN SYRBI
NATIONAL HYMN.

BY RICHARD STORES WILLIS.
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1861-12-18

l.
Anthem Of liberty.
Solemn and grand.
Wake in thy holiness.
Sweep through the land.
Light In each breast anew
Patriot fires.
Pledge the old fag again
Flag 81 pur siIc>.
Fling aii thy folds abroad,
Banner Of light.
Wave. wave. forever,
Flag Of our might!
GOd for our banner,
Freedom and right
Amen. Amen
Spirit OF Unity,
Potent divine.
Come IN thy kindiinCss,
All hearts enlwinei
Prove to our enemies
Ever a rock,
And to each tTaitOr-scheme
RuInous shock
Wake the old banner word!
Shout 1t amain.
GHl0n forever!
Once and again!
Union forcverl
God it maintunl
Amen. Amen
III.
Shades of our forefuthers,
Pass through the land,
Clothed in fun majesty,
Terrible, grand
" Faith, Hope and Charity"
Rule in each breast,
Faith in our fatherland,
Hope in our Lord,
Charity still to all
Rlindly who've erred,
God save the Government,
Long it defend!
Thine is the kingdom,
Father and Friend
Thine be the glory,
World without end!
Amenl Amen
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1861-12-18

a contemporary says, a female recruit
in Rochester was detected by trying to put
her pants over her head
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1861-12-18
Whole No. 1859.
THANKSGIVING SERMON.

Differed in the Nethodia EpiscoDa2
Church, IN Lewistown, on THanksqiv-
ing Day, Iy Reg. j. s. NcMurroy.
Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1861-12-18
She Died Young.

By-A good one is told of Quaker
volunteer who was in Virginia skirmish.
Coming into pretty close quarters with a
rebel, he remarked
Friend, it is unfortunate, but thee stands
where am going to shoot, and, blazing
away, down came the secesher.
Il tell you that | shall commit suicide,
if you don't have me-
Well Charley, as soon as you have given
me that evidence of your affection, l will
believe you love me-
lie Immediately hung himself upon her
neck and said: There now, is not that
an act of Susyside?' p She wilted.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-14
Rebel Barbarities on the Battle Field

The barbarities practiced by the rebels
at the battle of Bulls Run are unparalleled.
An instance is related where a private of
the First Connecticut regiment found a
wounded rebel lying in the sun, and lifted
him up and carried him to a shade, where
he gently laid him and gave him drink
from his canteen. Revived by the drink,
the migrate drew his pistol and shot his
benefactor through tie e 1T. Another in
stance is related of a troop of rebel cavalry
deliberately firing upon a number of woun-
ded men who had been placed together in
the shade by their comrades, and among
whom was rebel officer, who had received
the same kind attention. 1t is said by
Virginians who have come from the battle
field, that these fiends in human shape have
taken the bayOnets and knives of our won-
ded and dying soldiers and thrust them
into their hearts and lef. them sticking
there. some of the Louisiana Zouaves have
severed the heads of our dead from their
bodies, and amused themselves by kicking
them about as footballs. Such barbarities
are unworthy of Christian era. They are
a sample of the boasted chivalry of these
worse than fcnds. A Zouave who was
taken prisoner, with six others, and subse-
quently effected an escape, arrived at
Washington with a broken handcuff on his
wrist. He reports that the Zouaves were
treated with Indian barbarity by the reb-
els, many being pinioned to trees aud tor
mented with bayonets thrust at them
Capt. DOwney, of the ZOuaves, was wound
ed on the field, and his body afterwards
found literally cut to pieces. 1t was cut
in four quarters.
1t is stated, with entire reliability, by
those who were in the late battle, that the
rebels carried American flags to deceive our
men, and when small squads that had got
from their regiments approached
these flags, they were fired upon and
The rebels also fired upon
the wounded, standing them up for targets
and then fire at them. One of the Con-
necticut men saw this DONE A number of
the Second New York. saw the rebel sharp
shooters fire upon and kill two riirandiieges
who were giving wine and water to the
wOunded.-They also shot at ambulances
qringiug off the wounded, attacked flags of
truce sentout to suecor the suffering, fred
point blank at the buildings used as hospit-
ais, and it is said by some, that they fred
the buildings. Capt. Haggerty, Ofthe Sixty
ninth, was killed in charge. When his
body was found, his throat was cut from
EAR to ear, and his ears and nose were cut
off Many of the wounded were found
hus disfgured. The faces os our dead,
n the skirmish of Thursday, we're found
horribly mauled with the butt-ends of mus
zets, and their bodies filed with wounds, !
inflicted after they had falleu up /
IN the field.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-14

The treacherous character of the Southern
mode of warfare is not surprising to thOst
who know the story of Mexican and In
dian wars; but it is very shocking. 1t Is
bad enough to pick off sentries every night
from behind trees and fences, for no pur.
pose but slaughter; but it is worse to hail
boats crew. guided by a bribed pilot,
and bait them with welcome and lun-
cheon in order to destroy them in trap.
This is too much like Indian warfare for
European notions; and we can but hope
that the gallant Northern soldiery will
decline all imitation of it, as the Govern
ment at Washington has preemptOrily de-
clined the aid of regiment of Northern
Indians, organized by the famous chief
George Copway, while the Confederate au-
thcrities publicly weldome the body of Ar
kansas Indians, who are fourishing their
long knives about in Fredericksburg, prom
Using to kill five Yankees a piece
Nothing can be done but following up
the war to real conclusion. General Scott
seems to be pressing on toward the end by
ether and better means than critical bat
ties. There is every reason to hope that
he will bring the Confederatcs to a pass
which will allow the Union party in the
Slave States to declare themselves. If
that party is as strong as its fugitive men,
bers state, the COnfederates can have no
chance.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-14
Our Home Heroes.

The heroism of private life, the slow
unchronicled martyrdoms of the heart, whC
shall remember Greater than any knight
ly dragon slayer of old. is the man who
overcomes an unhOly passion, sets his foot
upon it, and stands serene. and strong in
virtue. Grander than the Zenobia is the
woman who struggles with a love that
wonld wrong another or degrade her OWL
soul and cOnquers. The young man, ar.
dent and tender, who turns from the dear
love of woman, and buries deep in his heart
the sweet instinct of paternity, to devote
himself to the care and support of aged
parents or an unfortunate sister, and whose
life is long sacrifice in manly cheerful
ness and majestic uncomplaint, is hero
of the rarest type-the type of Charles
Lamb.
The young woman who resolutely stays
with father and mother in the old home,
while brothers aud sisters 60 forth to happy
homes of their own; who cheerfully lays
upon the altar of flial duty that eostliest
of human sacrifices, the joy of loving and
of being lOved-she is a heroine. The
husband who goes home from the weary
routine and the perplexing cares Of his
business with a cheerful smile and lOv-
ing word for his invalid wife; who trings
not against her the grievOus sins of long
sickness, and reprOaches her not for the
cost and discomfort thereof; who sees in
her languid eye something dearer than the
girlish laughter, in the sad face and faded
checks that blossoms into smiles and even
bushes at mis- coming, something lovelier
than the Old-time spring roses-he is a
hero. The wife who bears her part in the
burden of life-even though it be the larg-
er part-bravely, cheerfully, never dream
ing she is heroine, much less a martyr;
who bears with the faults of husband,
not altogether eOngeDial, with loving pa
tiencc and large charity, and with noble
decision hiding them from the WOrld-whO
makes no confdants and asks no confden-
cies; who refrains from brOOding over short
comings in sympathy and sentiment, and
from seeking for pcrilous ''afinities;" who
does not Luild high tragedy sorrows on the
inevitable, nor feel an earthquake IN every
family jar; who sees her husband united
with herself indissolubly and eterUally in
their children-she, the wife, in every
truth, in the inward as in the outward, is
a heroine, though rather of an unfashion-
able type Grace Greenwood
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-14
Gentlemen"

The Providence Journal has an ablt
historical article upon the claim of the peo.
pie of South Carolina to be descendants Of
gentlemen. 1t appears the Palmetto State
was peopled to considerable extent with
the dregs IF various nationalities, Dutch,
Scotch, Irish, and very low English. They
are styled in the chronicles of the times
"low bred people" and their carly legis,
latiOn and practices were what might be
expected from such an immigration on the
sacred sOiP' of the State which boasts It's
descent from such ancestors.
In Sir Josiah Child's discourse Con-
cerning Plantations, !" published in 1892,
paper well known to historical students;
and there of high authenticity, the follow
ing passage occurs:
Virginia and Barbados were first peo-
pied by sort of loose vagrant People, Vi
ciOus and destitute of means to live at
HOme-(being either unfit for labor. or
such as could find none to employ them
selves about, or had SO misbehaved them
selves by, Thieving. or other De-
bouchery, that none would set them on
work. which Merchants and Masters of
Ships by their Agents (Or Spirits as they
were called) gathered up about the streets
of London and other places, clothed and
transported to be employed upon Planta-
tions. and these, / say, were such as had
there been no English Foreign Plantation
in the world, could probably nevere have
lived at home or do service for their Coun-
try. but must have come to be hanged or
starved. or died untimely of some of those
miserable diseases which proceeded from
want and advice, or else have sold them
selves for soldiers to be knocked on the
head or starved in the quarrels of our
neighbors, as many Thousands of brave
Englishmen were in the low countries, as
also in the wars of Germany, France,
Sweden, &C., or else if they could by beg
ging or otherwise, arrive to the stock or
half crown to watt them over to Hol-
land, became servants to the Dutch, who
refuse none.
These are the gentlemen, adds the
Journal, the men of blood, of family, who
settled Eastern Virginia, and whose de-
scents cannot without degradation assO-
ciate with those of the Winthrops, and
Hancocks, the Broadstreets, the LincOlns.
the Standishes, the Prescotts the Wantons.
the Hutchinsons, of New England. These
were the fathers of the whiskey-drinking,
aristOcracy, whose great
desire, Mr.. Russell informs US, and no
doubt, truly, is to have lone of our royal
race of England to rule over them"
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-14
Tolerably Explicit.

The following from the Winchester
Ky, Union of July 26th. on John C.
Breckinridge, would seem, to casual OBJ
server, tOlerably explicit:
A gentleman remarked the other day
that he thought that in our last issue we
were rather severe, when we spoke of the
head of John c. Breckinridge. borne aloft
on pike, being the banner under which
the Home Guards Of Kentucky would
march to victory. We did not say that
we preferred that Breckenridge should meet
his fate in exactly that manner We did
mean to intimate-we now explicitly de-
clare that We think he merits death for
his crimes. But We should much prefer
to have John C. Breckenridge indicted and
tried and hanged on gibbet for treason
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-14

ell in his department, substantially for
|, bidding all fugitive slaves from coming
within his lines, or being harbored there
Is that order to be enforced in all Militia.
ry Departments? If so, who are to be
considered fugitive slaves? Is a slave tC
be considered fugitive, whose master runs
away and leaves him? Is it forbidden tc
the troops to aid or harbor within their
lines the negro children who are found
I therein, or is the soldier, when his march
has destroyed their means of subsistence,
to allow them to starve because he has
driven off the rebel master? Now shall
: the commander of regiment or battalion
sit in judgment upon the question, wheth-
er any given black man has fled from his
master, or his master fed from him? In
deed, how are the free born to be distin-
guished? Is one any more or less fu-
gitive slave because he has labored upon
rebel entertainments If he has so labor
ed. if | understand it, he is to be harbor-
ed. By the reception of which, are the
rebels most to be distressed, by taking
those who have wrought all their rebel
masters desired, masked their battery, or
those who have refused to labor and left
the battery unmasked.
l have very decided opinions Upon the
subject of this order. 1t does not become
me to criticise it, and l write in no spirit
of criticism, but simply to explain the full
difficulties that surround the enforcing it
If the enforcement of that order becomes
the policy of the Government, l, as a SOL
der. shall be bound to enforce it steadfast-
", if not cheerfully. But if left to my
own discretion, as you may have gathered
from my reasoning. 1 should take wide
ly different course from that which it in
dicates.
In loyal State should put down a
servile insurrection. In state of rebel
lion would con6scate that which was used
to oppose my arms, and take all that prop
erty which constituted the wealth of that
State and furnished the means by which
the war is prosecuted, besides being the
cause of the war; and if. in so doing. it
should be objected that human beings were
brought to the free enjoyment of life, lib
erty and the pursuit of happiness, such
objection might not require much consid-
.ration
Pardon me for addressing the Secretary
If War directly upon this question, as it
involves some political considerations as
we'll as propriety of military action.
am, Sir. your obedient servant.
BENJAMIN F. BUTLER.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-14
The New Treasury Notes.

The Treasury notes, the emission
which has recently been authorized by Con
gress, are being prepared for issue. A
portion Of the lower denominations are
made payable to bearer in coin, (of the
s5's, sl0's. and s20's,) at places desig-
mated on their face. Others of the same
denomination bear 65-l0O interest, pay
able one year after date, with the pTiTi-
lege of the holder, when presented in sums
Of 800, to exchange them for treasury
notes having three yoars to run, bearing
z $40 per cent. interest. All Treasury
notes may be exchanged for twenty years
bonds, bearing per cent interest. All
the Treasury notes to be Of and above $50
denomination bear Z $40 per cent. inter
est, and are made payable in three years.
The evidences exhibited make it plain that
these issues will be eagerly sought by the
country, in all sections, as a circulating
medium.-Star.