New Orleans daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1851-1866, 1861-12-10
NUMBER 23S.

4 y
Z z. g. aaas% NUMBER 238.
sidered. The Union must be preserved, and, hence
all indispensable means must be employed. We
should not be in haste TO determine what radical
and extreme measures, which may reach the loyal
as well as the disloya, are indispensable. q
fse inaugural address at the beginning Of the
communication, and the message to Congress at the
lafe special session, were both mainly devoted to
.he domestic controversy out of which the insur-
recton and consequent war sprung. Nothing new
occurs to add to or subtract from the principles or
general purposes stated and expressed Id those
documents. a The last ray of hope for preserving
Fart slon sI peaceably, expired at the assautof
foft sumter, and a general review Of what has oe-
cured SINCE may not be unproftabe. What was
PLAINLY uncertain then, is much better defined and
more more distinet nov, and the progress of events is
Biainiy IN tne right direction. The insurgents con
hdentiy claimed strong support from north of
Mason Dixonfs line and the friends Of the Union
were not free from apprehension on this point.
TINS. however, was soon settled definitely, and On
the right side. f7SSf Ef b IL 68sa.FT
South of the line, noble little Delaware led off
right from the first; Maryland was made t5 seem
against the Union our soldiers were assaulted 4
bridges were burnt, and railroads were torn up
within her limits, and we were many days, at one
time without the ability to bring single regiment
over her soil to the capital. Now her bridges and
railroads are repaired and open to the Government.
She already gives seven regiments to the cause Of
the Union, and none to the enemy and her people
at regular election have sustained the Union by
a large majority, and larger aggregate vote than
they ever before gave to any candidate on any
question. Kentucky, too, for some time in doubt,
is now decidedly, and / think, unchaHgeably,
ranked on the side Of the Union, Missouri is com
paratively quiet, and 4 believe cannot again be
oyerfun by the insurgents These three States, of
Maryland, Kentucky and Missouri, neither of which
would promise single soldier at first, have now
an aggregate Of not less than 10000 men In the
EInip <ba;,
more than a third in number are among the insur-
gents, and they Of doubtful Whereabouts and e1-
istence. s9tF" $500 f"% sHsG tsgs
After somewhat bloody struggle Of months,
winter closes on the Union people of Western
Virginia, leaving them masters Of their own coun-
try. "4aHis.T' esa r ytSSs5&rs. n 4s's ssfEgE9
An insnrgent force Of about one thousand FIVE
hundred, for months denineering the narrow pen.
insular region constituting the counties Of Ac-
eomac and Northampton, and known as the East
ern shore Of Virginia, together with some cont
guous parts Of Maryland, have laid down their
arms, and the people there have renewed their
allegiance TO- and accepted, the protection Of the
old flag. This leaves no armed insurrection north
OF the Potomac or east of the Chesapeake. Also,
we have obtained footing at each OF the Insulated
points of the Southern coast, of Hatteras, Port
Royal, sTybee Island, near Savannah, and Ship
Island |; and we likewise have some general ac-
counts Of popular movements in behalf Of the
Usion in North Carolina and Tennessee. These
things demonstrate that the cause of the Union ID
advancing steadily southwark, since your last ad-
journment. tHs faSI 4R& III s17f .s f~ss ssS
Lieutenant General Scott has retired from the
head of the army. During his long life the nation
has not been unmindful of his merits yet, on call
ing to mind how faithfully. nobly and brilliantly he
has served the country, from a time far back in
our history, when few of the now living had been
born, and thenceforward continually, I cannot but
think we are still his debtor. submit, therefore,
for your consideration, what further mark of re-
cognition is due to him from ourselves as CRATE
pnpla fha Naff
came the executive duty of appointing in his stead
General-inC Chief of the army. 1t is q fortunate
circumstance that, neither in council nor country,
was there, SO fur as know, any difference Of opin-
ion as to the proper person to beselected. The
retiring chief repeatedly expressed his judgment
in favor of Gen. Mcclellan for the position and in
this the nation seemed to give an unanimous con-
currence Wy &f fai'F $50 F'H5stl{s@
The designation of Gen Mcclellan is, therefore,
in considerable degree, the selection Of the coun-
try as we'll as of the Executive, and hence there is
better reason to hope there will be given him the
confidence and cordial support thus BY fair impli-
cation promised, and without which he cannot
with so full efficiency, serve the country. 1t Has
been said that one bad general is better than two
good ones; and the saying is true, if taken to
mean that an army is better directed by single
mind though inferior, than by two superior ones
at variance and cross purposes and the same is
true in all joint operations wherein those engaged
can have none but a common end in view, and can
differ only as to the. choice Of means. In storm
at sea, no one on board can wish the ship to sink,
and not unfrequently all go down together be-
cause too many will direct and no single will can
be allowed to CONTROL. ~ III gyE iss&st ilass
1t continues to -deveope that the insurrection is
largely, If not exclusively, q war upon the first
principle of popular government rights Of the
people. Conclusive evidence of this is founded on
the most grave and maturely considered doou-
ments, as well as in the general tone of the insur-
gents. In these documents we lind the abridgmept
of the existing right of suffrage and the denial to
n fElr 0fp anta
of public officers except the Legislative body, adj
yocated with labored arguments to prove that the
large control of the government in the people is
the source of all political evil. Monarchy itself is
sometimes limited at as possible refuge from the
power of the people. 81 E,a> H. issat as. n
In my present position ] could scarcely be justi-l
fed were to omit warning voice. against this ap-
proach of returning despotism. tits not needed !,
nor fitting here that general argument should be
made in favor of popular institutions, but there is
point with its connections not SO hackneyed as
most others, to which ask a brief attention. It is
the effort to place capital on an equal footing ii
not above labor, in the structure Of the govern
ment. .-.,r- ~ g.rrSgr yJ& al al 4, Id 54seA "a
lis assumed that labor is available only in con
nection with capital; that nobody labors unless
somebody else owning capital, somehow, by use
of it, induces him to labor 81 .aAs' Sst
This assumed, it is next considered whether it is
best that capital shall hire laborers and induce
them to work by their own consent, or buy them,
and drive them to it without their consent. ft&'
Having proceeded so far, it is naturally conclud-
ed that all laborers are either hired laborers or
what we call slaves, and further, it is assumed
that whoever is once hired laborer is fixed il
that condition for life. Now there Is no such reid
ton between capital and labor as assumed, nor is
there any such thing as o freeman being fixed for
life in the condition of a hired laborer.
Both of these assumptions are false, and all in
ferences from them are groundless. Labor is prior
to and independent of capital. Capital is only the
fruit Of labor, and could never have existed if
labor had not first existed. Labor is the superior
of capital, and deserves much the higher consid-
GRAFTON. Capital has its rights which are as
worthy Of protection as any other rights, nor is it
denied that there is and probably always will be
relation between labor and capital, producing
mutual benefits. sys-esI s
The error is in assuming that the whole labor of
the community exists within that relation. 35a
A few men have capital, and those few avoid
labor, and with their capital hire or buy q few to
labor for them. A large majority belong to
neither class-neither work for others nor have
others to work for them. s& - z5 9ea4 5ol
T. In most of the Southern States majority of the
whole people of all colors are neither slaves nor
masters, while in the Northern States large ma.
ority are neither hirers nor hired. Men with their
families, wives sons and daughters work for them
selves on their farms in their houses and in their
shops, taking the whole product,to themselves and
asking fayors of capital on the one hand nor of
hired laborers of slaves on the other.
y It's not forgotten that considerable number of
persons find their own labor with capital-that is,
their labor with their own hands-and also buy or
tharu IN Iafn p,,ht