, 1861-07-06
CHICAGO. TQRDAY, JULY 6, 1861.

eupp1J OI pTOfEl0ns ana with view OF hold
irg possession Of the same}, with force Of
less than 1000 well disciplined men. Tais
opinion was concu1red In by all the officers of
his command and their memoranda on the
subject were made Enclosures Of Major 4uder.
scn's letter. The whole was immediately
laid before Lieutenant General Scott,
who at once concur1ed with Major
Anderson in his decision. On reflection. how
ever, he took full time in consulting with
other ofices, both Of the army and navy, and
at the end ct four daya came Reluctantly but
decidedly to the same conclusion as before
HE also stated at the same time that no such
sufficient force was then at the control Of tic
to the ground within the time when the pro-
visions in the Fort wonld be exhausted. In
. purely military point Of view, this cor
fined the Administration to the mere matter
OF getting the garrison safely out Of the Fort
It Faa .heliesed, however, that to SO abandon
be utterly rninous thsE TIE aece1aity under
which it Was to be done would not be fully
nndtrstood; that BY many 1t would be con-
strued as part Of Voluntary policy; that at
bome It would discourage the friends Of the
Union, embolden its adVersaries and 70 tar to
inEure to the latter recognition abroad, and
that In fact 1t would be our national destruc
tien. This could not be allowed Starvation
was not yet upon the garrison, and ere 1t
would be rearhtd d, Fort Plckens might be rein
forced. ibis last would be clear INDIGESTION
Ct policy, and would better enable the coun-
1ry to accept the evacuation OF Sumter as a
military necessity. Then an order was at
once directed to be sent for the landing Of
The troops from the steamship Brooklyn into
Fort Pickeus. This order could no: 90 By
land but must take the surcr and slower route
hT Bea. The first returning news from the or
Ger WAS received just one week before the fall
OF sumter. The news itself was that the off,
Ger commanding the Sabine, to which vessel
TIC troops had been transferred from the
brooklyn, acting upon some armistfce Of the
late administration and Of the existence Of
which the present administration, up to the
time the order was despatched, had only too
vague and uncertain Eumors to fix attention,
bad refused to 1aud the troops. To now re.
5nfoTce Fort Pickens before the crisis would
be reached at Fort Sumter Sas impossible.
rendered so BY the mere exhaustion of pro-
visions in the latter named Fort, In precau-
tlon against such contingency tie Govern
mint had a few days before commenced pre-
parirg an expedition as we'll adapted as might
be to relieve Fort Sumter, which expedi-
tion was intended to be ultimately
used or not according to circumstances.
The strongest anticipated case for using it
was now presented, and it was resolved to
tend it forward, as had been intended. In
ibis contingency it Was also resolved to notify
the Governor OF South c. rolina that he might
expect an attempt would be made to provision
the Fort, and that If the attempt should not
Re resisted, there would be no ATTEMPT to
::hroW IN men, arms, or ammunition, without
1u1ther notice, or in case Of AL attack upon
the Fort This notice WAS accordingly given,
NbereupoK the fort was attacked and BON.
tarded 10 its fall, even awaitin. the ar-
rival OF the provision expedition. Il is THUS
teen that the aseanlt upon and reduction Of
Fort Sumter were in nnisenae a matter ofself
oet9Eee On The part of the assaiants. They
we'll knew that the garrison in the Fort could
BY 10 possibility commit aggression upon
TIT N. They knew they we're expressly notified
tlat giyl2s bread to the few brave and hungry
men OF the garrison was Ill that would: on
that occasion be attempted unless themselves,
y resisting 60 much, should provoke more.
Iley knew that this Government desired to
keep the garrison in the fort, not to aseai1
THIN, but merely to maintain visible posses
s!Gn, and thus to PresSrye the Union from
actual and immediate dissolution, trusting, as
herein before stated, tc time, discussion and
the bsllot-box for final adjustment; and they
ast a''ed aid reduced the fort for precisely the
revtrse ohject-to dIfve out the visible au-
,'hc1l:y Of the Federal Union, ard 'hus force
it to immediate dissolution. Tint this was
thtir ohjett5the Executive we'll understood !;
AID haglE taid to them in the Inaugural ad
s1e1=, 2cu CHI have 10 cotd'ct witkou: be-
irg yourselves thaaegressora," he took pains
rot cniy to keep this declaration good, but
, ~A4et ~ nett LuT C<1eG E0 LAT lEEH ingenious
tephistry that the world should not mIsun
dt1stand it. By the af1ar at Fort Sumter,
"!tl its surrounding circumstances, that
point was reached. Then and there, bY the
2ssai1onts of the Government, btgua the
eer fict without q gun iu sight OF expectancy
70 ior tesna tnef r'Dg save only tie fey In the
own rrote ction, and still ready to give that
protection in whatever was loyal In this net,
disearding oil else. they have forced upon the
country the distinct issue Of Immediate disso-
luton or blood, and this embraces more than
the fate Of these United Stater. 1t presents
to the whole family Ct nan the question
whether Constitutional Republic or Demo-
c!acy, government Of the people, the sane
leople, can OF cannot maintain its territorial
Integrity against It's Own don't site foae. It pre-.
terts the question whether d;scouts ed Der.
81 rs, too lew in numbers to control the Ad
mlnls:rstion according to the organic law in
in this case or any other prefcnse., CT arbi.
trat1ly, without any pTeteases break up their
Government and thus practically put IN end
to fee government upon the earth. It forces
Us to asg, Is there in all republics this inhe.
r<nt and fatal weaknesse Must q Govern
ties Of the people, or too weak to maintain its
own existence? So viewing the issues,
no choice was left but to call out
the 'Esr power Of the Government
snd so to resist tie force employed for its de,
st5uction By force for its preservation. The
cal Was made and the response Of the country
MAS most gratifying, surprising In unanimity
and spirit the most sapgaine expectation.
Yet none CT the States commonly callea slave
Stafee, except Delaware, gave a regiment
through the regular State organization. A few
gsments have been organized within some
ttner Of those States by individual enterprise,
ard received INTO the Government service Of
a1 jn3 rs,I 4-
which Texas had been joined about the time OF
Of the Union. The border States, 60 called,
were not uniform in their action, some Of them
being almost for the Union, while in others,
IS IN Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee and
pressed and silenced. The course taken In
Virginia was the most remarkable, perhaps
the most important. 4 convention elected
By the people OF that State to consider this
very question Of disrupting the Federal Union
was ID session at the capital Of Virginia when
Fcrt Sumter fell. To this body the people had
cf foten large majority Of pro:essed Enioa
mep. Almost immediately after the full ofSum-
ter numbers Of THAT majority went over to the
original minority, and with them adopted au
ordinance for Withdrawing the State from this
u1ion- Whether this change Wa' wrought By
their great approval Of the assault on Sumter,
or their great resentment to the Governments
known. Although they submitted the ordi.
rsnee for ratification to a vote
Of the people, to be taken somewhat more
than month distant the Convention and Leg
is]ature, which Was q 40 In session at the same
time and place, with leading men of the State,
Was already out Of the Union. They pushed
military preparations vigorously forward all
over the State They seized the United States
almory at Harper'e Ferry and the Mary Yard
at Gosport near Norfo"-. They received, per
haps invited into their tate, large bodies OF
the SO called seeded States. They formally
entered into treaty with the so.called Con-
federate States, and sent members to their
Congress at Montgomery, and finally they
permitted the insurrectionary government to
be transferred to their Capital at Richmond.
The people Of Virginia have thus allowed
this giant iusurrecti0n to make its nest with
choice LIFT but to deal with it where 1t finds it,
and it has the les to regret, as the loyal ci.i-
zens have, in due form, claimed its protection.
Those loyal citizens the Government is bound
to recognize and protect rs being In Virginia.
In the Border States, 60 called, In fact the
Middle Statee, there are those who favor
policy which they call armed neutrality, that
L, an a1ming Of those Ssates to prevent the
Union forces passing one way, or the disunion
the other, over their soil This Wou11 be dis.
union completely; dgutativtly speaking, it
would be the building Of an impossible wall
along the line Of separation; and yet, not
Sa dpe ee az Of pataes bpeaty IT, t would G tie ndst he
hands Of the Union men and freely pass
supplies from among them to the insnrrec-
tionlste, which 1t could not do as IN open
enemy. At q stroke it would take all the
trouble of the hands Of secession except only
what proceeds from the external blockade.
T. 4 IA d.