Nebraska advertiser., 1861-12-12
some law pass authorizing them to be worked

1N ~ ~
adesirsble, rs it would facilitate the rapid set
Element Of the country, and diminish the ex-
pense Of driving machinery. Up to this time
bur little effort has been made for this pur-
pose, and but few discoveries have been made.
But II is'belioved from the indications Of the
general topography Of the Countryside sim-
clarity Of its external development to adjacent
roanhies in which valuable deposits have
been. recently found t. exist, that there are
VASE deposits OF coal, and probably other valu-
able minerals within the limits Of our Terri
tory. therefore recommend that you mem
~oiallze Congress f6r the purpose Of securing a
q Geological Survey OF the Territory at as early
a period a. possible.
Nothing, however, can make our Territory
50 desirable, as a home for industrious people.
as assured security to life, liberty and prop
serty. You should, therefore, carefully re-
view our criminal code, for the purpose Of
o correcting errors or supplying omissions which
may exist, in providing for the inhiction Of
just penalties on those who wilfully violate
either the rights Of person or property re
membering that the prompt and certain exc
cation Of jHst laws against offenders, Is the
highest humanity; and that the humblest as
p well as the most influential, are equally enti-
tied 10 protection.
As no community in this age of the world
O can c%nutinne TO DO prosperous and happy
without religious freedom, you should care
fully examine, and, if found necessary, revise
oar statutes on this subject, so as 10 secure to
iadividuals and societies the fullest enjoyment
of their religions rites. While none should
be compelled TO engage in any form Of reli-
gious worship, no one should be permitted,
with impunity, TO modest those whose convic-
Hobs may prompt them 10 do so,
= / also invite your attention to our School
System. While nothing can be mere desira-
BE. to- free and intelligent man than the
means Of educating his children, and while
nothing is more e~sSantial to the welfare of
civil society than Free Schools, it has always
been found difficult to devise a system adap-
ted to the wants Of new communities, with
but Limited means, in a spaIcely populated
coua try. In Nebraska. no permanent School
Fund has been provided and in our Terrific
gial condition we cannot avail ourselves Of the
sources of revenue possessed by the new
States, such as the proceeds Of the sales Of the
sixteepIh sections of land, and other reserva-
tiohs, and funds derived from the Federal
Government. But the Secretary of the Inte-
rior Department has recently decided that tho
lands IN the Territories, reserved for School
purposes, may be leased, and the proceeds
used in assisting to support our Common
Schools. If in your judgement, a Ievenue for
School purposes may be derived from this
source, II will become your duty to provide
the necessary legislation. I will most heartily
cooperate with you in the adoption of what
ever measures your wisdom may devise cal
culated to render our School system effective.
Fom the report Of the Territorial Auditor,
hcrewith submitted, it viii be seen that the
whole Indebtedness Of the Territory is, exclu-
Eiye Of interest $500 4 SO. OF this sum-
SIC 5000 is in Territorial Bonds and the
balance, S34,342 SO, is in Territorial War
rants. To meet this, there is due from the
counties Of the Territory Sl3, 173 OIL, leaving
n balance Of the principal unprovided for Of
S37226 %. The recommendation of the
Auditor that an appropriation bill should be
passed at each session, limiting the amount TO
be drawn for bv the Auditor, and specifying
as nearly as possible the purposes for which
he shall draw his warrant, is, in my opinion,
a good one. Under the present system we
have no checks or restrictions upon that Off
Ger, and DO certain means of knowing the am
cunt that may have been drawn for III any one
wear. The Bonds alluded to as forming a
TaTt Of the Territorial indebtendess were is
sued By the Secretary Of the Territory under
an act passed at your last session authorizing
the Funding of the Indebtedness Of the Ter
Iit2ry." Under this act, the holders of War
rants were authorized to exchange them for
Bonds, payable in ten years, with an annual
interest Of seven per cent, payable semi-annu-
ally. The time mentioned in this Act, du-
rug which holders Of warrants were permitted
20 exchange them for Bonds, expired on the
first day of this month. As many holders of
Warrants. residing at points remote from the
seat Of Government, may not have had an op-
portunity to present them for exchange, l re-
commend that you pass a law granting further
time for presenting the outstanding warrants
!or the purpose Of being funded according to
said act.
The report Of the Territorial Librarian is
very full, and shows a considerable increase of
books and public documents, particularly of re-
ports, laws. and other valuable documents,
from the States and Territories. The last ap-
preparation that was made by the General Gov
eminent for the purpose of purchasing books
FOR our Library was expended by my predeces-
sOr, except a'small balance of S3490 {. That
sum, | have Just learned, has been passed to
my ereditby the Treasurer of the United States
and will be used in he purchase of a few works
that learn are much needed in the Library
The Territorial Treasurer, whose Annual
Report is herewith presented, points out many
defects in our revenue system, TO all of which
/ invite your attention. No part of your du-
ties demand more careful attention than the
revenue system. ~ItaPpeaIs from this Report,
that there "a a large balance Of the taxes for
1853 and 1960still due and unpaid, and when
you take into account the fact that the Audit
or included in his report, under the head Of
resources, p the assessment for 1861, you will
perceive that the finances Of the Territory are
mott IN a very satisfactory condition. The &C
emulation Of a large Territorial debt is impol-
lhe, and. as II seems 10 me unnecessary. The
Uwied States pay the necessary expenses OF
the Executive Office, of the Legislature, aud of
the Territorial Judiciary. The other expen-
ses Of the Territory ought to be limited to a
sum that the. people could promptly pay. from
year TO year, as they accrue, by the collection
Of a lighttax. The accumulation of the debt
that ncw exists has depressed the credit ofthe
Territory at least fifty or sixty per cent. below
par. This renders il necessary, in making
purchases anc executing contracts foTthe pub.
lie, 10 pay exhoIbitantprices and also lays the
foundation for augmenting the Territorial
taxes for each subsequent year.
In fha ruilocffnu aud disbnrsouoo ant Of the