The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1861-12-11

J The insurgents claimed strong sup
port from North of Mason and Dixon's
) line, and the friends OF the Union were
not tree from apprehension on that
point. This however was soon set
, tied definitely and on the right side
. South of the line noble little Delaware
led off right from the first, Maryland
was made to seem against the Union,
J and our soldiers were assailed, bridges
|. were burned and railroads wete torn
up within her limits, and we were many
days at one time without the ability to
bring a single regiment over her soil to
to the capital. Now her bridges and
railroads are repaired and opened to
the Government. She already gives
regiments to the cause of the Union,
and none to the enemy, and her people
at regular election, have sustained the
cause of the Union by a larger majori-
ty and larger aggregate vote than
they ever before gave to any candidate
on any question.
Kentucky, too, for some time in doubt, is now
decidedly, and, think, unchangeby ranged on
Ine sue OF tine lnlOn. MlSSOuTl is
quiet, and, believe, cannot again be overrun by
the nsurrectonists. These three States, of Mary
land, Kentucky and Missouri neither of which
would promise single soldier at first, have now
an aggregate of not less than forty thousand in
the field for the Union, while of their citizens
cersainly not more than third of that numbe.,
and they of doubtful whereabouts and doubtful
existence are IN arms against it. After some
what bloody struggle of months, winter closes
on the Union people of Western Virginia leaving
! than nucfa pf tBait, mfr A tYSh
| gent force of about 50Qtor months denominating
| the narrow peniusular region constituting the
counties of Acoomac and Northampton, and
known as the eastern shore of Virginia, together
with some contiguous parts of Maryland have laid
down their arms, and the people have renewed
their allegiance and accepted the protection of the
| cid flag This leaves no armed insurgents north
| OF the Potomac, nor east of the Chesapeake. Al
| so we have obtained footing at each of the iso-
| lated points on the southern coost of Hatteras,
Port Royal, Tybee Island, near Savannah and
| Ship Island and we likewise have some general
accounts of popular movements in behalf Of the
| Union in North Carolina and Tennessee. These
things demonstrate that the couse of the Union is
| advancing, steadily southwad.
| Since your last adjournment Lieut., Gen. Scott
has retired from the head Of the army! During
his long life the nation has not been unmindful Of
his merit, yet on calling to mind how faithfully
and brilliantly he has served the country from
time far back in our history, when few Of the now
living had been born, and theuceforward continu
ally cannot but think we are still his Debtors
] submit, therefore, for your consideration what
further mark Of recognition is due to him and to
| ourselves grateful people. With the retire
ment of GeneralSeott came the Executive duty Of
appointing in his stead a generalin chief of the
| army. 1t is fortunate circumstance that neither
in council or country was there so far as known
any difference Of opinion to the proper person
to be selected The retiring chief repeatedly ex-
pressed his judgment in favor of General McClel-
Ian for the position, and in this the nation seemed
to give unanimous concurrence: The designation
of General Mcclellan is, therefore, in consider
able degree the selection of the country, as well
as of the Executive and hence there is better rea-
son to hope there will be given him the conhdence
and cordial support thus by fair implication proth-
ised and without which he cannot with so full
efficiency serve the country. 1t has been said
that one bad General is better thantwo good ones
and the SAYING is true if taken to mean no more
than that an army is better directed by single
mind, though inferior, than by two superior ones
at variance and cross purposes with each other
and the same is true in all joint operations where
in those engaged can have none but common
end in view, and can differ only as to the choice
of means. In storm ut sea, no one on board
can wish the ship to sink, and yet, not unrequent-
ly all go down together, because too many Will di-
rect and single mind be allowed to controlt
| Every day continues to develop that the insnr-
rechon is largely, if not exclusively, a war upon
the first principle of popular government, the
rights Of the people. Conclusive evidence of this
is found in the most grave and maturely tonsld.
| cred public documents as we'll as in the general
tone of the insurgents. In those documents we
find the abrid, enent of the existing right of suf
frage and the denial to the people ofal light par
ticipae in the s,.ecton OF public officers, except
the legislature. boldly advocated with labored arr
guments to prove that large control of the peo-
Pile in the government is the sorfce Of political
evil. Monarchy itself is sometimes limited at and
possible refuge from the Power of the people
In the present position, | could scarcely be justi-
fed were to omit raising warning voice against
this approach of returning despotism. ri rA
1t is not needed, nor fitting here, that general
argument should be made in favor of popular in
stitutions, but there is one point, with its connec
ton, not so hackneyed as most others, to which
ask brief attention. 1t is the effort to place cap
ital on equal footrg with, if not above labor,
in the structure of government. 1t is presumed
that labor is available only in connection with
capital: that nobody labors unless somebody else
owning capital, somehow, by the use of it, in
duces him to labor This assumed, it is xt con-
sidered whether it is best that capital should hire
aborers, and thus induce them to work by their
own consent, or buy them, and drive them to it
without their consent. Having proceeded so far,
it is naturally concluded that all aborers are ei.
ther hired laborers or what we call slaves; and
further it is assumed that whoever is ence hired
laborer is fixed in that condition for life.
Now there is no such relation between capital
and labor as assumed, is there any such thing
as free man being fixed for life in the condition
of hired laborer.
Both these assumptions are false, and allinfer-
enccs from them are grcundless Labor is prior
to and independent of capital Capital Is only
the fruits Of labor and could never have existed
if labor had not first existed Labor is the super
ior ofcapit i and deserves muchthe higher consid
Grafton. Capital has its rights, which are as wor-
thy of protection as any other rights nor is il de-
MED that there is, and probably always will be,
relation between labor and capital producing mu-
tual benefits. The error is in assuming that the
Iyb bnla lnhp
lation. few men own capital and that few avoid
labor themselves, and with their capital hire or
buy another few to labor for them A large ma
tjority belong to neither class, neither work for
others or have others working for them, In most
of the southern states majority of the people of
all colors neither slaves nor masters, while in
the northern large majority are neither hlrers
or hired. Men, with their families wives, sons
and daughters, workf for themselves on their farms,
in their hot,ses and in their shops, taking the
whole product to themselves, and asking no fa-
vors of capital the one hand nor of hired labor
ers on the other. 1t is not forgotten that con-
siderable number of persons mingle their own la
Dor with capital, that isthey labor with their own
hands and also buy or hire others to labor for
them but this is only mi xed e. nota distnctclass
principle stated is disturbed by the existence
of this class. Again, as has always been said,
there Is not, OF necessity, any such thing as the
| free hired iaborer being fixed to that condition
for life. Many independent men everywhere ~,
these States few years back in their lives were
hired laborers. The prudent, pennilcss beginner
in the world labors for wages awhile, saves s,ir2
plus with which to buy tools land himself; then
Eiabors on his own account another while. and at
length hires another new beginner to.help him.
This is the just and generous and prosperous sys-
tenn, which opens the way to all-Agives hope 70
all and consequent energy md hope tolall. No
men living are more worthy to be trusted than
those who toll up from poverty, none less inclin,
ed to take or touch aught which they have not
honestly earned Let them beware Of surrender;
ing political power which they already possess,
and which, If surrendered, will surely be used to
close the door of advancement against such as
they. and to fix new disabilities and burdens up
| on them till NIL of liberty shall be lost
From the first taking of our National census TO
the last, are seventy years, and we find our popu-