The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-02-13

The last advices from Europe show that the as
pect of political affairs, while presenting some ind-
cations that peace will be maintained during the
present year, is by no means free from signs and
portents ola more ominous character. The most ex
traordinary military and naval preparations are
now making in France, which are stated to be in
consequence Of the menacing attitude assumed by
Germany towards Denmark; others, however, at
tribute them to apprehenSons of an attack upon
Austria, in Venetia, by GARIBALDI, supported by
nsurrectionary movements in Hungary. The
French manufacturers are anxious that peace may
be preserved, and have applied to the Minister of
Commerce fer explanations with reference to the
political situation. His answer was evasive. Per-
sonally, he hoped that peace would continue; but
the foreign policy of the Government would be
developed by the Emperor's speech, which was
speedily 10 be delivered, on the occasion
of the reassembling Of the Corps LegiS-
laif. The occupation of Syria by French
troops still continued Notwithstanding the
Porte had intlmated that their presence was not
necessary to the preservation of order, and
the English Government had demonstrated against
their remaining in the country any longer. The
drawn; and, as the squadron commanded by
Admiral De THAN has been recalled from
before Gaeta it is hoped that the Italian
question, 50 far as Naples and The Papal States are
concerned, will thereby be relieved of its most
serious embarrassments. In Italy public atten-
ton was divided between the siege of Gaeta and
the movements in response to the official pro-
clamation calling for a election of represent
atives to the Sandman Parliament 1t was sup
posed, from the energetic manner in which the
siege of Gaeta had been pressed, since the depart
of the French feet that FRANCIS II. could not
hold out much longer. The fire from the Sar-
dinian batteries was doing much damage to the
town, which had been deserted by the greater
portion gifts inhabitants, and, at a council of war
which was held in the fortress during the contin-
uance of the armstice, majority of the officers
present solicited the ex-King to retire to the
Abruzzi, and there rally his adherentS around
him for final stand. He refused, however, on
the ground that ifhe were to adopt the suggestion,
the garrison would become discouraged. As events
have subsequently proved, such movement would
but have precpiated his withdrawal from the King
dom, for the reactlonary movements in Calabria
and the Abruzz, which at one time appeared to be
of a very serious character, have since been sup
pressed in both provinces by the Sardinians.
Whether GARIBALDI will, or will not now adhere
to. bis avowed intention of attacking Austria
in the Spring, appears to be involved
in great uncertainty. In letter from him, and
addressed to the Committee of Vigilance at Turin,
under date of the 18th of January, he exhorts his
friends 'to seek by every means to penetrate every
'tItalan with the idea that in the Spring Of this
''year 1861, Italy must have million of patriots
''under arms" On the other hand, it is reported
that the mission of General TURF to GARIBALDI,
which was undertaken at the instance of VICTOR
EMMANUEL, for the purpose of bringing about a
reconciliation between the great Italian soldier
and Count CAvoUR, has been so far success
full that GARIBALDI has consented 10 ADAM
don his intended assault on Austria, on
condition that the KING and his Ministers will
continue faithful to their duty of armng the ma
ton. As this account of the interview at Caprera
between TURF and GARIBALDI was made public
only week later than the date of GARIBALDI's
letter to the Turin Committee of Vigilance, it may
be doubted whether he has in reality changed his
mind at all. 1t is further said that CAvoUR and
GARIBALDI perfectly well understand each other,
and that the war will commence in due time
Those, moreover, who know with what singleness
of purpose GARIBALDI has acted throughout the
whole war of liberation, thus far, and how
promptly he declined all the princely favors which
VICTOR EMMANUEL pressed him to accept, for the
sole purpose of leaving himself free to follow the
dictates of his own Judgment, without compro-
missing his Soverei gn-will be slow 10 imagine
that he has really determined to sheahe his sword,
and to disappoint alike the hopes of the Hunga-
rians, who are only waiting the signal to
break out into open revolt, and of the
Venetians, upon whom the grinding oppres-
sion of Austria weighs more heavily than
ever. Strange to say, a new manifesto has been
addressed to the Hungarians by the Austrian En-
peror, couched in such language as indicates his
determination not to consent to the re-establish-
ment of the Constitution Of 1S4s. Even those
concessions which were recently granted have not
been suffered to go into practical operation, be-
cause they fall far short of the claims put forth
by the Hungarians who have, in many of the
departments, resumed the exercise of their ancient
rights in defiance of the Austrian authorities.
The boldness with which those claims are defended
strikingly illustrates the spirit that animates
this gallant people. In response 10 the recent
manifesto Of the Kaiser the Comitat of Hon,h
declares that it will preserve all lis ancient rights,
and that without the existence of an independent
HUNGARIAN ministry Hungary cannot be consd-
erred to be lawfully governed From other sources
we learn that ''they are more than ever convinced
s,bat the concessions of the imperial patent were
designed to be lusory, and that Austria will be
nas faithless as ever from the moment that she
sceases to tremble with fear" 1t is possible,
then that the liberation of Venetia will DC inaOg-
urated by revolution in Hungary, and tina. IN
return for the support which the Hungarlans gave
to the italian cause, GABIBALDI will render them