Council Bluffs bugle. [volume] (Council Bluffs, Iowa) 1860-1868, 1861-12-11

3 > pegH snsat aud gspxal nasnTes might b
! lyevaed apd gswgssssu 40 % sssae saahxae
. ed in oEe yeIume, OF nj Ieasa al or0iaAF,
and eoaFaEaAssas slzss aaa sespecffull,
rssomHasnai % Gapgraasl 10 aonsidar 90
Is9klsot--sad Il Hay saggesissaa ~ appFey
ID, 70 dsyise ssca a plan ~ to seas rassd
shall saesa mest prspss fos sha attainzAar
| ct the end pgoposed al. !.
There are three vacancies in the besaa
LOT the SapssHss Court, two by sh1 deceass
af Jussissa DanisIs and Mclean, and ons
| by the rssignaaioa of Justice Oasnpbeii.-.
haEs 80 Car foFeoEue making aominar
| tioas to iii these vacancies, for reasons
4 which will nov ssaas aAWo of shs outs
going judges resided within sh4 States
fnsw overture wgl by ssvot, 80 thAf R sue.
Ieessors were appoinssd in the same local
Iitsss thsy could mes serve upon their Cir
eaits, and many of the most eh apsseni
4 nos sbeFs, would probably nor axe the
ip@sauml hHsasd Of accepting 10 serve,
lsEen hsts, apea the supFsae Beach, j
have beaa uawiillsg 20 threw nll the ap.
ipsansmants noEsh~afd, thus disabl ing nj
/ salf from doing justice 70 che saith on the
fretaEn Of peace, Aishoagh | may remark
shat she sfansfe9 70 the Rorth o4 ane WIN
has hssssefore been IN ths south, woaIs
not, with Fegsgease - tte TesrftJry and
1 popalatieu, be unjust. During the long
and bsilliaht career Of Judge Mel ssn bis
| siFoait grew into an empire altoge; aer too
large for one judge 70 give the courts
more than nominal attention, rising In
population, from l,470, 900 IN 1881, g.
Isl ,4O5 in 1851. Besides this the coun-
Try has gsaaraily outgrown our present
Judicial system. If uniformity has been
- all ineendsd, the system required thai
all States shall be accommodated with
Circuit Courts attended by supreme iudg.
es; while in fac, Wisconsin. Minnesota,
Iowa, Kansas, Florida, Texas, CtIiforn.
la and Oregon, have never had aliy such
courts. Nor can this be we'll r nedied
without a change Of Eae system-beeauss
the adding of Justice to the euprefna court
enough for the accommodation of Ill parts
OF She ouuRtFy With si4euit courts, would
create = eensS altogether too culabrous
for judieiai body of any sort; ad the
evil of it would be one that would in crrase
as new States come iato the Union. Cir
cult courts are useful OF they are not use
full. II useful 30 State should be denied
thsm-if ne4 useful, no state shoul,i have
them. Le& them be provided for all. or
abolished as 70 ali. Notifications occur
TO NE here which would be an ina prove
ment upon eur present system. ,et the
Supreme oourt be Of eouveHient number
IN any event~-shsH les the whole country
be divided iBss circuits of convenient size
the sapFsme Judges TO serve in num-
ber corresponding 60 their own pumber;
and let independents circuit judges be ap-
poiRted for al the rest, or, secondly, let
the supreme Judges be relieved OF circuit
duties, and circpit judges be prortdad,fss
air the circuits; os, thiEdIy, dispense with
circuit courts altogether, leaving thsju-
dieial function wholly to the district
courts, and an independent Sapreme
court. ..,s
Que of the uufavorable consequences
of the present iDSuFreetion, il thS entirp
suppression, in many places, of MI orii-
nary means of administering civil S7dsfiee
By the officers, aad la the forms Of exist
ing law--this IL the case, in whole or In
part, in every insergent State; and a. our
armies advance upon and take possession
basosso s. q Se Eae aSiAI the PEsssiqsl sY I'll
courts or officers to whom the citizens OF
other States may apply for the enforce
mcnt Of their lawful claims against the
citizsn Of the iusuFgeut States, and there
ID vast amount Of debt constituting such
claims. Some have estimated il as high
as $500, 900, 900, due in large part, from
citizens even nov making great sacrifices
in the discharge Of their patriotic duty to
support the government. Under sbs cir
cumstauces have been urgently pnSreat-
ed to establish, By miligasy power, courts
to administe- summary justice IN saoh
cascs. ! have thus far declined 10 DO it,
not because had any doubt of zhaend
proposed for the collection of dabs Wss
Just and right in itself, but because, / have
been unwilling to 60 beyond the PTessarg
Of necessity, in the casual exereise 0f
power; but ihe powers Of Congress il ia
supposed, are equal 10 tho anemqioas Qc-
casion, and therefore | refer tal Rh0la
matter 10 Congress with the hope THAI y
plan may be degised for the administus4
tion Of justice In all such parts Of the in,
surgent States and territories as uay be
under the control Of this Goyegnment,
whether BIZ voluntary return u alIsgi-
anca, and order, or BY the power Of eur
arms. Ii is, however, not TO he Rermar
nent Institution, but temporary saissti-
tutc. aud to eeasa rs soon as the ordinary
courts can be re- established In it, place.
Il is important that some more Convenient
means should be provided, If porn ble, for
the adjustment of claims against The gey-
ernment, especially in view of their in
cread numher BIZ the oecasion Of tue war.
II is as much the duty Of the goyornmeaG
to render prompt Justice against itself in
favor Of citizens, as ii is TO administer the
same betxeen priye individuals. The in-
vesligation and adjudication of ali clasgns
in their nature belonging to tbs judicial
depaEtmentment, should not be neglected;
besides it is apparent THAI the attention
of Eongfess Eiu be more than usually ea-
gagged for some time 10 come, With great
national questions. Il was Intended by
the orgnnixalioa of the court of claims
mainly to remove this branch Of husiaesa
from the gals Of Congress; but whils the
court has proved 70 be au ehcient and val
nabIe means Of Investigation, il in gen
ernl degree fails to eject 80 obisea of its
creation from want oil power to make iss
| judgment fnal, Fally aware OF tbs. deli-
eaey, NOT 70 sag the dangers, OF the SUBJ
ject, commend to commend to ygar care
| fEI consideration whether this power of
making judgmenss fnal maF not ba prop
eriy giYsh 10 the coart, roserying the fighk
of appeal on questions Of lsw. TO she sn.
preme court, with such other preyisiona
as experiences may hare shown TO be nee
essary. s.sz .g sr ll1
| -Issk astessiosi to the report Of the Post
Master General, tAe following being d
gamIaaxy ssssseaaeas of the c6ndition Of
| the DsPsstaasas. Phs revenue from all
| sources daring lhe hsoai wear, ending the