The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-01-12

people we wo lid do any thing for good, must
rt Of The mar who lis cast away upon disant shore
seek Tor wAerias with which 70 hud another snip ma.
we may dace more take the sea and reota our knmoo
and our friends. But to-day must face anu acAeow
ledge fne events of the day To-day We must dea ~s
witt the might present, that we may be ready sor s
mSse eventrul future which may be upon us "
Few IDEAS like new forces have entered into oufsyste,
and all demanding enlargement OF power; ~ aIo
threatening rend aud destroy the system ieie are
portions OF this government where the population is
beginning 70 press upon the means OF ~ AZ
states there Is desire, ana ~ some mr. he S -
for further extension. IL IS THIS whcn mas ieo 70 the
between two social systems wnlch nave oecn
brough. together in our government which has been
This constitution designed 10 unite two social sys
TENS upon terms of equality and fairness different
their character, but not necessarily opposite Indeed
Tho very difference Of these systems ought
10 have formed mutual unioa attraction, in
stead of giving rise TO irrepressble conflict.
What ono wanted the other could supply and thus they
would TO have afforded the aterial for perfect
system OF industry which ought to have been stronger
for mutual dependence and assistance Unfortunately,
those who represented the States in
creased in numbers, they commenced warfare upon
The other system which had been introduced under the
constitution. II was commenced in 1890, when IL was
said the social system Of tho south founded IN sin,
government, in all places where il has jurisdiction The
demand made that far as the Territories are con-
cerDed, they should be given for the exclusive expan
sion Of these systems at tho expense OF the other
tnhappy, in that contest the weaker system went 10
the wall, and law was passed which did put I under
the ban Of empire, and which excluded the South from
large portion OF the fertile domain of the United States
Now sprang up party which commenced regular war
system Of the States which tolerated the institution Of
slavery. They commenced system Of agitation
through the press the pulp, and the halls OF legsla
the stakeholder, and to make him odous in the eyes
of the world They denied that there could be pro
perty in slaves and consequently maintained that this
government was bound TO prevent its extension, and
to abolish suppress it wherever it had jurisdiction.
and N ar ev her evsde
denied the constitutional obligation to return fugi-
tive slaves And at las, II was proclaimed IN these
halls that there was law higher than the constitu
ton, which nued it's provisions, aud practcng upon
this preaching majority Of the Northern States passed
Liberty bills, the practical effect Of which to null
Ify the Fugitive Slave Law, which was passed in
pursuance Of the constitution Of the United States II is
but years since there armed invasion Of my
State for the purpose OF exciting serve instruction,
yet not State-and it is with the States alone that
efecual remedies be applied-no State took mca
Instead heard it announced that there ire
pressble conflict between the two social systems until
nominated and elected by sectional majority who is
known to have avowcd and entertained such opinions.
party has now come into power with full possession
elected candidate who has made such decIara-
tions with regard to the rights Of the South.
Is surprising them that the Southern States should
think il not safe TO remain in government which may
direct instrument Of hostility against and that they
should cay that Il s not safe TO remain under govern
ronagc for the very purpose of creating strife between
and civil war among uss It is known that many
book which advocated the extinction Of slavery by such
Is then safe for the South TO remain under such
States have within themselves ali the capacities Of empire
and il IL TO be supposed that, when they threatened
in our government with an attack on the very system
upon which their social existence depends, that they
would not withdraw and establish another in which
they know they can and will be protected The social
system oil government is its moral being, and govern
that would dwarf and suppress IL like parent
that would consgn his child TO vicc and nfamy.
] have known governments that have survived when
hasb been tran but
which has survived the sudden and total prostraton q
its social system. say, therefore that the south "a
tee that will protect in the Unonsome constitutional
guarantee that win serve that end | now ask, what
should be the nature of the guarantee that would eecu
ally protect social system from such assaults as
these2 They must be guarantees Of kind that will
stop up all the avenues through which they threaten u
assal the social system OF the South There must be
constitutional amendments which should provide, FIRST
that Congress shall have no power to abolish slavery in
the States, the District Of Columbia, the docyard
forts and arsenals Of the United States. Second Con
gress shall not abolish tax or obstruct the slave trade
between the States Third shall be the duty of each OF
the States TO suppress combination within its jurisdiction
for the armed invasion OF any other state. Fourth
States shall be admitted with without slavery accord
ing TO the election Of the people Firth shall be the
duty of the states TO restore fugitive slaves pay the
value of the same SIXTH fugitves from Justice Shall
be deemed TO be those who have offended the laws Of
state within its jul isdction, and have escaped there
want / Sna to ns sscn S m" 81 any
State, the Territories dockyards arsenals forts and
wherever the United states has exclusive jurisdiction
gress may leave slavery TO the people OF the Territories
when they shall be ready To pass into the condition OF
State with the usual sanction OF majority OF Senators
from the saveholdng States. This exception is de
signed TO apply to those cases when we annex country
and they are not quite ready to come in as state The
next exception that Congress may divide the Terrific
res that slavery shall be prohibited in one portion,
and shall be recognized and protected in the other pro
vided the law is sanctioned by majority OF Senators
This exception is intended to apply 70 cases when
peoped territory is annexed and subject TO fair division
between sections Such are the guarantees Of principle
uh n me ~
ments 10 the constitution But do not believe that
these guarantees alone would protect the social system OF
the South against attack to overthrow II by the supc
rior power OF the North believe, IN addition 10 these
Of principle there ought to be guarantees Of
power Otherwise this social system might find itself In
position when the stronger party might construe these
guarantees Of principle away and assert higher law.
To make secure, then, some power ought to be given
TO enable us preserve the system the Union. Aud
here, IL the Senate will bear With will proceed to
suggest such remedies a. think ought to be applied
do not mean, by any means 10 say that suppose am
suggesting the only means upon which settlement could
be made. know there arc others upon which could
agree to settle But am suggesting the means upon
which think the best settlement can be made do not
believe any permanent peace can be secured unless
provide guarantees Of power well rs Of principle
in the first place would a dual Executive as
proposed by Mr. Calhoun but In another form. would
provide that each section should elect President to be
called the Irstnd Second President the FIRST to for
four years and e President next succeeding him TO
other years and afterwards be reegbe During
the term OF the First President, the Second should be
President Of the Senate, having casting Of
a tie No treaty should be valid which did not have the
signature of fre6ldentS Dc sanctioned
thirds Of the Senate No law should be valid which
not signed by both Presidents in the event Of veto,
be passed by the sanction Of majority Of the Senator's
from the section from which he came. And officers
should be appointed unless with the sanction of both
Presidents or The sanction Of majority Of the sens.
tors from whence they appointed And sirs,
would change, had the power, the mode Of
electng these Presidents ! would provide that
each state should be divided into presden-
tai electoral districts Each district should elect
one eleetor and these electors should meet
in one chamber, aud the two men who; after certain
number Of ballots should receive the highest number
Of votes should he submitted candidates to the people
aud he should be declared President who should have the
majority Of districts. would do this 10 destroy tho
chanc, Of a combination for purposes Of power and pa
ironage would substitute this instead OF a National
Convention would diminish the temptations all
such corrupt combinations for spos and patronage, by
the fact that Of the Presidents that would be elected
would have four years 20 before he could take the
power Meantime he would be In training Cor four years
President OF the Senate, and using the veto power
The fact OF such division OF the Executive power
would destroy To great extent this miserable system
az rotation noacc, and make merit the of place.
II would have another good effect Il would save ~
all these agaioDs Attending Presidential elections.
which disturb the country The election would