New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1861-02-12
THE STATE OF EUROPE.
Prom Our Own Correspondent.

Francis III. has not ylelded 10 NhPoieOhe od''''
Int las resolved to hold out to the last, encon'-
aged principally b. his energetic wife, VINO re-
mains with him n the besieged fortress, and by
his stepmGther. WHO from Rome directs the ir'
,ctionar, movement in the Abruzzl Mountains.
The French fleet, however, has finally with
drawn and Admiral PersanO now blockade
Gaa,a from the sen Yesterday the bOmbnr1-
ment began at last; and though the Lestimists
all over Europe strongly believe that not only
lonc.protracted defense is possible, but even that
the success Of the PiedmorteSe besieging army is
much to be doubted, we rely far more upon tbc
opinion of the Sandman officers, who are conf
dent that the fortress must be given up in about
fortnight after the first serious bombardment. In
the mean time, tTong reeniOrcements have been
marched to Naples, IN order to rcp"@S
the rcactonary movements organized by the
royal NeapOitGn troops sent from tio
Roman territory across the frontiers into the
mountainous districts. Count Cavour, and may
say oil Italy il quite Convinced that very short
time will suihce to pacliy the insurgent pcasant'
bur the President Of the Council is somewhat uneasy
about the result of the impending elections, winch
are to take place on Sunday next, since II Is Lot
improbable that Sicily and all tine Neapoiian Prov
inces may send friends of GaIlbadi t. Parliament.
L0mharly too, will be represented chiefly by me
Opposition: but vet the majority OF the Government
ia elected by the vote Of PiCdlS ont. Sardmo, The
Emilia, Tuscany, UnSria. and the hafches
should the majority prove too waikc' then rari,a-
mrnt will be dissolved: if they rally IN sufficient!
GREAT numbers around Count Cayour. pacific
resolutions will be passed, strongly condemn
ing any attempt on the part OF Galhdidi 20
involve Italy in war against inc VIII 0i
the King and Government. Thus Garioaidl WIN
be placed in the disagUeablc alternative either
abandoning his long cherished plan, OF of putting HIM
self in opposition against the lega!i!-eAPressea wa
of the nation and raising the flag olrcyolutlon. In
Italv therefore, the aspect is rather pacific than
otherwise though It IL certain that GaribadI may
at any moment DEFY the Government, and let loose
the dogs of war. Austria, oil the other hand. II
unable 10 attack Italy, which in such case could
reckon upon the assistance u France. But the
danger of war remains Threatening az long as Au'-
tia keeps her Italian possessions, and refuses to
sell Vcnetia To prepare for any contingency.
Francis Joseph IS taking q eou5i" Hue OF policy.
As TO home affairs he Yields for the moment t. all
the demands of Hungary, though they cOnslderab!
exceed the bounds OF the Imperial Diploma Of
October %. He agrees even t. modify
the Concurdat, ard 10 grant liberal institutions
to the Hereditary PfOyiuccsi out at the same
time he seeks allies abroad aud hopes to induce the
new King Of Prussia, William J., to guarantee to
him the possession of Venetia. Should he succeed
in these negotiations, which were initiated by the
Archduke MGXimlian Ferdinand, he Hl!l at once
become less coGcatoD toward the HungarInAS,
Who for the present moment, defy his officials aid
are recognizing themselves upon the basIs Of ti'
laws of lSiS. KossJth, Kapka, Puls2ky, Idrr,
Netter knetty, and all the most distinguished eNics
have been elected members of the Boards ~ Admin
straton in the different Counties, the taxes direct
or indirect cannot be- levied; even the authority oi
the Courts of Law is openly spgrned. Under me
pressure Of public opinion the Noivcdna has alread,
been reannexed to Hungary and the union OF
Transylyania of SlayOnla, ahd CTOaiia Ii no"
only a question of time. The COnservnsye'
have leagurd themselves with the Liberals aud =
complete lmanmity. eminous 10 the Austrian Nh
istcrs manifess itself throughout the country. We
hear that the Hungarian Parliament = 20 meet on
the I'd Of April and. II the Austrian Ca6inet rahc
up their mind bona idC TO accept tie Jaws oi lo4N,
with ali their consequences, Hungary ID NOT yet lest
to the ieigIing dynasty. The example ol the nun
osrians. however has reused the Bolitniens. where
the National party has likewise made an alliance
with the aristOcrary, which until now had k'pt
aloof from the country. and remained attached Ia
the Court. The German provinces see suddenly no"
pnyrrleSs the German elements are M Austria, Tor
i,acin too insists upon a national IOSh AdHhnstia-
ton; while Trieste and lstra and the southern lyfo
openly expresstheir Italian symPaimcs. HE vienna
prrss and the Augsburg Ga-fiio are full OF lancnto
is only the downfall OF the German BUREAUCRACY,
which had ruined the State and brought comuSOn
into IFS finances. The feeling of hcpcssncs5 Is
crre,,ng into the souls of tn Ausrlaus. Every
BODY saws that the country il IN danger, and cling
To the Minister Schmerlng ~ to the last sheet an
ehor OF the Empire. The army or rather the OIL
GERS advise the Emperor to return 10 the rule oil the
sword to martial law, TO the jalor and hangmII;
but the Minister Of Finances protests against such
measures, which would inevitably ria credit and
make government impossible for want of funds.
Prussinp support might for while adjourn q catas
trophe but Prlssan support IL an eSPnslve com
modify. The new King is anxious 10 establish hls
moral supremacy in Germany, and FRANCIS Joseph
is not yet prepared to give up hl6 influence III That
direction
King William first speeches have all been very
energetic. and he seems to believe war to be un-
ayoidable The reorganization Of NE Prussan aud
of the Federal German array. under the command OF
Prussia is therefore, for the present, his lending
idea, which no openly expresses without fear that,
by doing So lac will excite the distrust OF France.
The so-called general amnesty for political crimes,
which he has published at his accession 10 the
throne ia very extensip, but not general; Carl
Schurz, for instance the distinguished statesman of
Wisconsin is excluded from this crime, the Gber-
alton of Professor Kunkc from the peniteltiary not
being regarded as a political crime. But even "a
regards other exiles the amnesty IS not complete,
since all those who have been sentenced by courts
martial cannot return unless they previously
make all appeal TO the royal grace Nevertheless uie
Prussian Amnesty is far more extensive than the
Austrian which comprises only the political crimes
committed within the last two years. Ii extends
chiefly to a score of students who, account Of
street demonstrations, have been forcbly put INTO
the army.
The questions Of Hessa and Schleswig Hosten
seem likewise to interest King William in no small
a.1. A,,yt