davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-11-05

has been on the site of the oyster parks
at Lolen and at La Rochelle. These
serve both to divide the waters when the
tide is ebbing, creating sn infinity of cur
rents, which draw away any muddy sed-
lment, and afford an enormous extent Of
surface for the oysters, which they have
literally clothed, the inspectors having
recently counted 600 full lgrown oysters
to the square metre, and 63O,O0O square
metres being now under cultivation, it
follows that the oysters on this tract of
desert mud, utterly wasted and worth
less couple of years ago, now boasts a
crop of 378,O0O,OOO of oysters, worth
from six to eight millions of dollars.
The material prosperity of the creators
of this oyster field appears to have exer-
cised notably beneficial influence on
their in elrgence and morals. They have
organized themselves into communities,
hold a general assembly, in which all the
details Of the enterprise are discussed and
settled by vote, elect chiefs who direct
the operations, and a body of "sworn
guard" who keep watch and ward over
the grounds, and superintend the gath
ering of the common harvest vote tax,
which forms a fund TO defray the working
expense of the concern, and elect dele
gates to represent their interests 10 the
authorities of the Marine Department Of
the Government All these measures
seem TO have been developed spontane
ously, and by the force of things, among
this humble and highly prosperous popu
lution.
ENGLISH OYSTERS TRANSPORTED TO ToULoN.
But the raising of oysters has not been
confined solely to salt W ter and the
shores OF the ocean. Five hundred thou
sand oysters were brought over. eight
months ago, from the coast of England.
in the Chamois, under the superinten-
dence of NJ Coste, and were immerged
in the pool of Thau and in the harbor Of
Toulon, Though the oysters were ia
tigued and weakened by their long
voyage, they seem to have thriyen in
their new homes, despite the different
quality .; ,ae wa: =; e" %i@5 %i'@@c5 o. ne M
waiting, laid down in lieu of fascines,
which has just been brought up for ex-
animation from the roads Of Tonion, was
found to be fully as rich in infant oys,
ters as the apparatus Of the other oyster
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-11-05

The young lady who gives herself
away, loses her self possession.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-11-05
pnetrp,
~ -
Gen. Lyon.

The following from the Philadelphia Satur
day Post is one ofthe most beautiful tributes
that the heroic death of Gen. Lyon has called
forth. Lyon has hardly yet had his need of
glory, but he viii not lack it while such writers
us H p can ma Ike themselves heard:
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-11-05
RANSOM BARTLE,
B "A N * Il r
REAL ESTATE Il LAND WARRANTS.
Independence, Iowa.

I ANDS BOUGHT d SOLD, AND ENTER
IL ed on Commission, Exchange bought and
sold. at current rates, Sight and Time Drafts
IN Eastern cities. Money invested on Joint
.cunt Notes and Bills collected and proceeds
emitted to any part of the United States, at
current rates of eNchaugc Liberal accommo-
lations to depositors.
April = 1861.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-11-05
L H. E G q A RDIAN
PUBLISHED EVERY TUESDAY
b RI G H q RDAN.
Office la Union BiOck, Main Street.
OVER THE POST OFFICE.
Terms 81, so per Annun,, in Advance.
OVER THE POST OFFICE

Terms 81 so per Annunl, in Advance.
RATES OF ADVERTISING u,.
NOne Square, insertion, .--.....$ L, 90
Each subsequent insertion, .... SO
FOns square, three months, -..... 400
=" six months, 600
=" one year, 1900
One column, one year, .-- 60,00
Half column, one year, $500
Quarter column, one year., ... 5000
Business cards, 5 lines, one year, 90
Marriage notices, 90
l2 lines make square
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-11-05

The success Of the experiment at St.
Brienna has led to the formation of simi,
lar +" fish farms" at Aacaehon, the He de
Re. and in the roadslead Of Toulon, all
of which are now cultivated with unre,
mitting care, and promise. according to
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-11-05
SUCCESS OF THE ENTERPRISE.

The establishment of these farms pre-
sented peculiar difficulties, on account Of
the depth Of the flooring of mud, which
had 10 be cleared away before the oysters
could be planted. aud also Of the necessi-
ty Of protecting the parks against the
depredations of wild animals from the
woods that cover the interior of the is
land, Having cleared away the mud,
they paved the entire surface OF the bot.
tom with stones and pieces of rock, as
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-11-05
LAMrSON & LEWIS.

4. o. LEWIS
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1861-1862, 1861-09-11
No dI..anaH I.ror,.

Our contemporary Of the ErdmiRer ia very tart upon
our correspondent from Albemar, and bisxss out in an
ugence Of patriotic commentator of rulers raIy
uiab As 1t refers TO history, the truth OF history
demands that We should say word in behalf Of cur
much abused correspondent There is not one ground
Of complaint made by him for which be has not abun.
dant authority In the editorials of the Examiner! A
r,tess yietoryl That was the thrme of many bitter
paragraph in the Examiner. W. even had to step for.
ward aud suggest two exenuatirg circumstances
ia virtue of which Johnston and Bsaurcgsrd nigh; stu
have some prsension to NapoeOnic attribute l. Of.
& iency Of transportation Inefficient commsssrat -
Deplorsble medical staff We have been dreaming, II
We have not heird OF these tlgs through the Fxai.
nsr But now that other people, whose sons be theirs
end kindred dy through neglect, utter tho same
com ,lalrts It Il shocking outrage official dgniy
Nobody is to blame
We made such pp1logy for the Authorities "a we
con idered was due 10 th the Erd1asr appropriated
hat without credit and made appear and feel for the
Ii ne that we were intensely hostile to the Admnistra-
ion
But es or correspondent naughty for rs-echong
co nplsnt which he may have gathered from the Rr.
aais, be ought to be crediod for omitug many that
he might have found there one very noticeable case
o,curs 10 our recollection. When Cos. Lsehsrs proc
lanaton cans forth the militia pub shed It drew
Grth the inleDsest denunoia,on from the Examiner. The
udest phrases applied to the author of it. If our me-
rory serves US right were FOOL kHars and traitOr.-
Use ide, was thu, Cor Leteher tbe author of this
folly, mi. wickednsss this treason But 1t turned out
tat the Governor was not in town. knew nothing of i,
IL wa, all the work Of President Davis Secretary Wal
keri
We claim tina. when history CONES to perform It'd
functions il shall do justice to our correspondent fo'
oui.ting this imputatoa upon the Confederate author
] ties
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1861-1862, 1861-09-11

the field, under very heavy and continued Ate from
the enemy, who had gained the summit Of the hill but
after Colonel Heath got upon the ridge the enemy
fed precipitstey, and the victory complete Gen.
Floyd led the wbCe command 10 the action and be and
bis staff all the time In the midst OF the Gsht the
bullets of the enemy making constant music around and
over them. The General himself calm and composed,
rode up TO the colrmn and directed the firing OF
of the coma les who we're firing to high.
The Ices OF Gan. Floyd four killed, eighteen Sc
verely wounded and 10 slightly wounded Young VIII
liam Psrsons from this county killed. and William
B. Davidson, Of Captain Harmahs company was danger
ously wounded There we're none others dangerously
wounded from this county. The enemys loss could NOT
to ascerained Nine buried the field, and scouts
reported the finding of Is dead bodies carried of the
fed by the enemy Our informant thinks that SO would
10: more than cover the entire number Of the enemy
killed. Among the killed Of the enemy was Captain
Dsrly said 10 have distinguished hmeelf In the Mex.
i;an war, and one Orderly Sergeant Seventeen OF
their wounded now In Gen raj floyds possession
we're left on the fila One hundred prisoners ex'
cuve of the wounded weet ken, ninety nine Of Ii, m
White arc one bAck-auong them one Captain aud one
Lieu.enant-e of whom, under escort of Captain John
Mcdonald Of the Tszewe Cavalry, have been sent to
Richmond The enemy v.re pursued ard we're found to
have dispersed In various rte ions The pursuit. was
continued seven miles. email portion of the Smy.h
Cavalry, under Lieut. Shelley, and the Putnam Hornets
(he residue Of the cavalry having got the rver)
engaged la the pursuit. and assisted much In picking Up
and bridging 10 the prisoners.
This battle brilliantly insugurstes the Of Gen.
Floyd and gives cheering promise of his triumph all
our foes In the Ksnawha valley II IL too Q source OF
deep qualification and just pride 10 the people Of Tazs
w to know that their cqvarous sons behaved so well
in this their first battle with ruthless invaders From
every learn that there not single nstanee
Of ting but the contrary eagerness for the con.
ct marked every counteDance and ocers could
ly restrain the impetuosity Of their men.
IN hav incidents
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1861-1862, 1861-09-11
Things In WAahlnRton.

4 gentleman. who was in Washington conc ten days
ago, and crossed the lines BY some mysterious mode
(uaybe he camo over in Prof loves balloon,) repre-
-enis the Reorganization OF the Federal army being
quite great it the 22d July. Toe cruel and
uuusua pupisiments which Mcclellan has reserted to to
enforce discipline have failed Of their ef.cL Open mu-
uies do much abound since the rngleaders we're
shipped Tortpgss but discomfort Is widespread and
desertions continually taking place. As b,riog on
his point It is stated, that at a campmeeting 10 -
ccuaty, Maryland, where there were some ~ or 1900
negrces nearly all Of them dressed In Yankee uni!
FORMS The s)diers had exchanged these for the ne
groes Clothes that they might the better escape detee,
lion.
The Washington S!ar Of Inst week has the following
paragraph on the subject:
ave understand that quite number Of deserters from
the Federal army daily crossing the Chesapeake Bay
into the counties OF Dorchester Talbot and leen Auhs
Maryland, and are making their way into Delaware to
get on the Maryland and Delaware railroad thereby to
enable them TO get their homes These aided
by the rebels Of ST. Marys Charles Calvert and Anne
Arundel counties Maryland, who give them money,
clothes st.. Decides putting them the bay duiiog
the night in small boats They usually taken over
in sma parties of from four twelve per;ons. In a.
diiion TO this there is trade constantly carried on be-
tween the ebel BY carrying ccnsbsad goods over the
osv and Potomac river inio Virginia, thereby giving
aid and comfort to the enemy" good Union man,
recently from Talbot county, reports thai nifty dseerers
landed there in one day."
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1861-1862, 1861-09-11
Tne R,l hit ., Cross Lanes.

From TIE Jacksonville (TszewelD Times we copy an
ineligible and the fullest aScauut We have seen Of this
affair A a matter of course, the commander OF an
Army is entitled to all the glory but this general rule
should not prevent honorable mention being made Ct
those who deserve 1t and who occupy subordinate pcs-
tiens There ia in General FloyGs brigade young eli
Ger (Col. Hetb) who, with moderate luck will make
distinguished cure in this i! was through his VI
vanOe and enterprise that oar iorces were on the right
side Of the Gauley at the right tme and were In posi-
ton to surprise and the enemy is to the credit
of Gen. Floyd, thai having such aid, he knows how
TO appreciate bis merits.
Some Of the city papers, which profess sort Of ex
elusive southernis, contain much informs ion Ia regard
to the position Of Gen. FIoydS and Gen. Wiaes forces
and Of their future This very interesting
reading and particularly to the Yankees-and on that
account We have ioeboEne to say anything on the sub
jec. IN these coumns.
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1861-1862, 1861-09-11
From he southHestsrH Times.
FROM FLOYDS BRIGAGE-t FIGHT AND VIC
TORY AT CROSS LANES"

On Monday morning. the 26tl OF August, uls.. Geu.
F)yds Brigade engaged and cut to pieces the Obi 7th
X gment The following particulars we're iurnsh US
BY an eminent citizen Of county, who 10 the
tiol. Gen. Floyd had crossed 10 the North hank Of
Giuey river. IL attempting TO send the cavalry,
on h. 23d of August, the boat dashed to pecs 8
against tue rocks and four drowned, thee OF
ne Smyh Dragons, Scott Bear and Jones' and one Of
the G.syson K l,s The loss Of the boat inpe6ed tho
crossing Of the troops, and the Unionists In tho
vicinity informed Gen. Tyler, who VAS st Sutton,
in Brxton equity, that small portion Of Gen.
tloyds on the North of the river, Gu.
or from retreat by the loss OF the boat. Ills in.
duced Tyler to advance, with the hope OF attacking this
small ftce BE reached the Cross Lanes, point thr
and half miles from Cornisx Ferry at the uncure Of
Gauley and Meadow rivers, and eighteen mics above
G,uiey bridge Suodsy night, and encamped at that
place which Ia two miles from Gen. Floyds encampment,
Intending to attack Gen. next morning. Ru, Gen.
Floyd did OF await the attack He moved forward bis
whole force at day light W with and surpr sed the
enemy Just a; sunrse while engaged in preparing break
f.st General Floyd's command consisted Of Col Heths,
Col Reynolds Col hcCoslins and Col Tompkiis req
menf; Colonel Reynolds the right. Colone ie.hs
toe CENTRE and Cols. McCoslins and Tompkins the
let. Colonel Heth drove In tho pckets ard brought
on the engsg CEMENT Owing to the positions assigned
to, and held by the diff rent regiments, the fhng en-
the enemy was chi fy confned TO Colonel H.th's and
REYNOLDS regiments The enemy being driven acroes q
cornfe!d and endeavoripg TO gain the top Of ridge
commanding the valley below, they we're followed by
Colonel Helhb regiment, who moved rapidly through
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1861-1862, 1861-09-11
CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN TIE GOvERNoE
OF KENTUCKY AND PRESIDENT DAVIS.

CoxyoswEAIrH OF KENTUCKY, EIscurvE DEPT,
Frankfort, August, 1851.
Hon. JrrrKssos DAVIS, Richmond, Va:
SrR: Since the commencement OF the present unhap-
py difficulties yet pending in the county, the people oil
,ntucky have indicated steadfast desire and purpose
% maintain a position OF strict neutrality between the
beieersn mt parties TIL have already sIigen, by their
uocy 70 avert from themselves the calamity OF war,
and nrotect their own soil from the presence OF CONTEND
ing armies Up to this period they have oyed COM
narrative tranquility and entire domestic peace.
Recently military force has been enlisted and quartered
by the United States horiIes within this STATE have
an this day addressed communication and despatched
Commissioners TO the President Of the United States,
r,ing the removal Of thsee troops from the soil OF Ken
ucky. and thus eIerting myself carry out the will OF
the neope in the maintenance of neutral position. The
peope of this State desire be free from the presence
Of the soldiers OF either bel gerents and 70 that end
,n)rts are row directed.
Although | have reason to presume that the Gov-
eroment OF the Confederate States contemplate or have
ever purposed any violation Of the neutral attitude thus
assumed by Kentucky seems to be some uneasness
et among the people of portion OF the State occa
stoned by the collection Of bodies Of troops along their
Southern f,onter In order to quiet this apprehension,
aud 10 secure to the people their cherished Office. OF
peace this communication is 10 represent these iacs
add elicit an authoritative assurance that the Govtrn
nent of the Confederate States vii continue TO resptc
and observe the position Indicated as assumed by Ken
lucky. very Iespeouuhy,
Your obecient servant
2. EAsoETIs.
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1861-1862, 1861-09-11

LIT OF PalsONER3 NOW IN FORT LAFAYETTE
On Thursday, David Reno, who was arrested and con
feed 10 Fort lafayette, arrived in Phiad ha, hvins
been discharged BY order o. the War pa'tnent. The
following lie. Of isoucrs at the fjrt was obhnec
from hi n and is blisbed in the Phi Id 'lphii P'e;
Bonn Euubsr Oas.-E S. Rnggl-s, Prederiokburg
Va. July 90; James Murphy, Portsmouth, Va July
81; lhn H. Cusiek, Wooivilie Nd Jolly 81; Chafes
IL and Baltimore, Nd, Jily 81; John w. DAVIS Bal
I more, July 81; George Miles, REDMOND Va, August
22; ,mes & Gaihre, Petersburg, Va, August y H.
b. bour, Lake Providence, La August "a; u Y Lo.'
ber New 0'leans, August rs; X. y. Grove, Ne' erk
city, Sept l..
Rom Nup,ber Tso.-Charles Howard, sam1 ! Lyon
aud William uchell, Batmore Md, July 81; Eehard
H. Alvey, Hagerssown Nd, July 81 Austin y IS NTH,
N Francisco Aug q John Williams, Norfolk h., Au-
gust IL John q. Bsrret, Washington, d. u, 4S' 20
samuel J. Aud srson. New York city, Aug. 81 bank T.
Wilisms. Chocklsn, Ark Sept /; Il. N. Rsynsds, Mo-
bile, Ala Sept. l..
Room Number 7hres.-Dr. Edward Johns1, Balti'
more, Nd, J1ly 90; Robs. Muir, Charleston, Sp Aug.
IA; Charles Hopfera, Carroll county, Nd AY:t Is ;
T ). Serrell, New Orleans, Aurut 49, Pierd Butler,
Phil delphi o, August 20; Louis D Bibian, W hifg on,
~ O, Angus 90; +. A. Fisk. New Orleans, Aust 70 I;
W. II. Hart (Lieutenant o. } Norfolk, VI AHs'ss
81; csotain De Lsguel e. j Alexandra, VI Aug 81
81 /; j. O. R,hming, Nov York city. Scot. 2.
Room N,1nber Ra,r.-Ssmuel II Esklps, Bbmoud,
Va, August &c; David Reno, Columbia, q August
2s discharged; bert TAnsill, Captain o. n o }
Virginia, August 20; Tbonss 8. Wilson, Qieienant q.
g. n o. Missouri, August 2s; q. B Claiborne Hidshp.
man q. g. NJ o. New Orleans, August 2 Hillary
Cenas, (hidshipman q. g. Y. o. New orlsss August
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1861-1862, 1861-09-11
EeGtucky.

We publish very interesting letter from the Mont
gonery Advertiser by the Rev. Mr. Henderson, giving
m account of tho popular feeling in this State NJ l.
oheering-bigh!y so L letter from Louisville TO ,Ls
New oslsaus P,eayEas q TO tho SS,ct. The mas
OF tue people are sound They have beel unfortunate
ia their leaders combination of tho leaders Of The
vo old les IA the State Gihre Garrett Davis, Crit
tendon Co ha. exerted powerful and disastrous in.
sace But the dsy Of thoae men Is past. Their sors
are in the Confederate Army The ey they hA7e done
will survive them By the aid and assistance they h We
given 10 Lincoln they will involve thir satc in the hor.
rors OF sigl var That the Southern III truml
Is not doubtful ba. Il viii cost much blood and treasure
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1861-1862, 1861-09-11
IMPORTANT IMPROVEMENT IN TELE1RAPHS-
EVERY BUSINESS MAN HIS OWN OPERATOR.
WAsHIxGros. Saturday.

WAsHrSeros, Saturday, Aug "a.
Atetter from United States naval officer, dated Lon
don July 80 has been received bere with very interest
log account OF Wheastones recent improvements In the
electric telegraph. 0ne Of thsse methods Is now
carried into aeca operation BY tie Univers Private
T legraph Company. Every business firm or public
Office and every private individual may have bis own
telegraph The company has stretched wires all the
city and will the Of the by the hour or
day. or month, with tmal! box, by which any person
who read may be fret rate operator he has al
ohsbet Of plain A. B, O. before bim. The disc Is about
FIVE inches 10 damster upon which the letters and
there is key for each letter.
By pressing key the corresponding lstteS is pointed
10 In the indication disc both OF your instrument
and that OF your correspondent who has disc lis
end CT the wire. With tte rr cite eighty words
minute may be ttl.grsphcj. Newspapers msy have re
psrts from any part OF the kingdom By this PLAN There
si be an end 10 letter writing by mail Between Liver
pool aud London all mercantile correspondence win be
conducted by private kilograms. You will observe that
there is acid used In this process The eletIic
ia produced By the revelation OF two small rolls Of
copper WIRE with arm,ure about very small horse
shoe magnet To notify your correspondent Of your in
tenion to address him. you simply touch certain key
that rings ltte silver bell in your correspondents OF.
fee and in like anner he responds. This plan is used
By the police. 1t may be commended to city and
general Cover -men fhe Senate unwi'sly, struck
Of our metropolitan police bill the provision for telegraph
ment great it seems ia far exceed by another which
abou, 10 be put into operation, and with the aid Of
which FIVE hundred words minute are tel. graphed.
This method requires that the message should be pre-
pared by what is calleda "perforang instrument" This
is small instrument by which the pager is perforated
with clsarlycut hoies Of tue diameter OF large sew
ing needle AID with the speed Of the present mode Of
telegrsphing This paper is passed through machine
by which the message is With two it'll, ponters marked
in iok on similar paper. This perforated slip may be
used number Of times, ard then kept q register.
Tkus, r. re gsh to send the Presidents message 10
any part Of the country, may De prepare! the dsy be.
io:ehand BY the "peforator" and cent at the rate Of
i've hundred words per minute any, the distant,
station. The "pefcrsor" be carried in the pocket
Of the operator, aud thus the message may be pre-.
pared-.hat lie, peroratedat any private house. and
copy delivered to tho OPERATOR and copy returned BY
way Of reeeip.
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1861-1862, 1861-09-11
An Impending Rattle.

All the authorities, Northern and Southern, DsEspa-
psrs and kilograms and railroad people, concur in sppre'
bending great battle at early day. Some expect II
every hour, some day and some another but none
will agree that IL can be far distant.
We have gifted these various reports but cannot de.
tect the grain OF truth. 1t may be that great battle Is
Imminent; 1t may come Of In forty.sight hours; but
none can know it, those In command Of one the
other army The pckes Of the opposing forces very
near to each other in font Of Arlington; our troops
f,unt their flag full in the face Of Washington and is
Consequently, IN the power Of the enemy to bring
serious engagement any day We are not In bis coup
sss nor are we in those Of our Generals Bat fight
does take place, hope are ready for it. We
are oorfisnt, whether victorious vafquished, they
will do honor to themselves and the cause thsy defend
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1861-1862, 1861-09-11
Extortion In Salt.

To the Eiitor Of hs Wig:
will give You one reason for believing that there are
large quantities of salt In the country and that asys
tenn has been in operation for several months to copes
the fact and ex,ort from the people.
was passing by village Ia the interior OF the sat'
some three or four months ago, aud gentleman tolam
as something very curious, that large 10. Of salt,
era hundred sacks had been brought to that place ant
quietly stored awsy. At that time, it was not for sls-
and ths presumption was, il ives awaiting The escs Of
tie blockade.
If this. gne has been pursued elsewhersas Is very
probable, think there is plenty OF salt for all ieoes
sary uses at a fair price,
0sE OF TIE PEoiLE.
Daily Richmond Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1861-1862, 1861-09-11
Cen, Albert sidney Johnston.

This distinguished General Ct Ia repcr,ed,) has been
Appointed to the command of Il Confederate forces in
Missouri. Gen. Johnston Is native Of Rentucky-wos
long in the army Ct the idts United sates and at the
date Of the dissolution, in command in Utah. He
enjoyed very high reputation with bis military asso-
ciaes. He goes to an important Geld of operators,
VII oh vii afford ample room for the display OF all bis
abiIites.