The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-06-14


our readers various statements of the trade and
resources of the State of Maryland for the pur-
pose of showing that the protection most needed
by her is protection against the manufactures
of the North; and that the only discrimination
required for The development of the material in
terests of orr State, is that of merely revenue
tariff. We maintain further that even if we are
wrong, and if higher tariff be found necessary
to protect operatives against the cheap labor
of Europe, that a moderately protective tariff
will be much more likely to be the doctrine OF the
Southern Confederacy than of the free States.
In rejecting upon the probable policy of the
two Republics, we must not be led into the error
of supposing that course, which would be bene-
fetal to the interests of the United States as q
whole, would be desirable for either of the two
sections. There henceforlh TO be two great
separate aud independent nations, side by side
each jealous of the powers Of the other and, in
many instances, with rival interests. The North
is country of large wealth and great population.
1t is a manufacturing and grain-growing region,
coming directly into competition, in all its pre-
ducts, with the countries of Europe. The South
which will, in all probability, comprise all of the
N'N'N ON'''NS1
but it has great resources, possessing superior,
though undeveoped, advantages for manufacture
ing purposes, and growing large staple proGuc-
tons-cotton and tobacco-whch Europe needs
The policy Of each section WILL of course, he to
adopt a system which will most effectualv de-
velop its resources, give the greatest encourage
ment TO its trade and enable it to provide for the
government expenditures-which are henceforth
inevitably to he increased TO a scale much higher
than has been heretofore known in the history of
our country-n the jtirest and least onerous man
ner TO the cIriz ms generally.
1t is but reasonable to suppose that the policy
most probably to be decided upon by each Confed-
eracy will be the same was advocated in the
infancy of our former Republic by the statesmen
of each section, when they reasoned merely from
the natural capacities and resources of the
country, and before the rapid growth of man |
utactures in the New England States, fostered and
stimulated by high protective tariff had as
sumed a magnitude which gave them u control |
ling influence in that portion of the country The
North, which has its manufactures firmly estab-
iiShedI many OF them needing no protection, and |
Others but little, which has grain to export and an |
Immense number of vessels which require employ |
ment, will vie with the philosophers of the Man
chester school in crying ont for free trade and free
intercourse for their shipping; while the South,
which desires at least to Develop those manufac-
lures which are Of prime necessity, which has ar
ticles OF export which must be paid for by Europe
IN European goods, no matter what tariff be i'm
posed on them, and which is almost destitute of
merchant vessels, will again advocate as of oil /,
a moderately protective system, for the purpose of
enabling her 10 assume more rapidly an ndepen.
oeht posit'oni and she will give every encourage
lnent TO shp-masers to induce them TO build up a
mercantile marine for the purpose of controlling
the Southern Carrying trade and having school
for the education of seamen, from which they can
be drafted for the navy when required.
1t is the more certain that the free trade policy
Will be adopted by the North because it is evident
that its commercial and agricultural prosperity
must depend now, in great measure, upon such
a course. A large portion of its trade has hereto
fore been dependent upon the South for sup
port. The slave States only imported last year
foreign merchandise TO the amount of $685.
l3S, 59S less than was imported into the
Stale Of Massachusetts,. The amount imported
INTO New York alone was S248, 489 ST., one-third
'f which was certainly disposed of to customers
n The Southern States. As the effect of the es-
adjustment of an Independent confederscy must
naturally be to attract the whole of this immense
rade directly to its own ports, the only means by
which New York can expect to retain por- !
ion of it, is to facilitate the transpor alton I
# foreign goods through her territory with
ut subecting them to unnecessary or additional ;
Expense. This can only be effected by inaugural i
ng system of free trade. 1t is scarcely possible
Or any method to be devised by which importers +
Guild warehouse their goods and break packages t
accommodate the wants of jobbers; and even if
Ills could be done, it would necessarily be so c
duplicated that the expense would be equal to 81
light duty on the goods sufficient to defeat the .
beet in view. 1t is urged by some that the only
curse necessary for the North to pursue will be {
o enact the same rates as those levied by the "a
outh, and that commerce will Immediately oscil- a
ATE oack to the track and custom of It's old career
lie Jolly OF this is apparent at glance Can II
ny one suppose for one moment, that if duty
'en per cent. be laid any article silk for s.
issuance, that New York can import silks from r.
ianoe anu AFTER paying a duty of ten per cent Il
IL 'hem, export them again to the South, with W
ny nope of competing there with goods d. ii
ecty imported. The only way for New York st
preserve her foreign trade for the Southern W
markets is to become free port, and remain a II
mere place of transit for European and Southern
ommerce. 1t is quite probable that with the u
'o'antages of her vast capital and great facilities
- communication, she might still be enabled, in N
30 measure, to control the course of trade,
'ur De s'ore-house for the American continent RI
Inc large shipping interest of New ENGLAND lo
%nlen mas heretofore found such profitable EN-. c.
IF 'nO restriction" and the very arse m uUne
turing population of New JERSEY and ~ ni S
States who have been dependent on the snn 's'et
he sale OF their fabrics, the moment ,bsv ior
hey are to be cut off from Southern ,,o-,' mat p
will become converts to the Manchester doctr;no "
md endeavor to convince cotton growers that Il
ystem of free trade-the great problem of the q
ge-is now about to be solved, and that the only e
way to obtain high prices for the raw material is
0 take an abundant supply of manufactured cot a