New Orleans daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1851-1866, 1861-03-18
Nr(u Otlfans lailp GtGsteIlt
LETTER FROM PARIS.
special to tho Nav orean. Crescent

the guns OF Lne pafuhihH Meet ana army, ne t0ok
refuge on board of the French ship La Mouette and
arrived in Rome Cd the 14th Of February, where he
was received by the Pope. He will depart for Ba
varia, it is said, in a few days; and 80 ends the
srgtory of young monarch who, but few years
since, assembled the throne Of of the most lovely
countries in Europe, with population alta ched to
the Bourbon dynasty, and ready to accept his gov
eminent upon terms which even Prusean subjects
would have refused. His father, by his brutality
and bigotry, had rendered himself odious to every
party but that of the church, and people naturally
expected that the son, sensible Of the discomfort
and tumult that had signalized the former reign,
wonld be instructed by his example and induced to
make such reforms in his administration as would
make him more acceptable to public favor. Nor,
indeed did he want for advisers and friends. Eng
land and France, through their respective Minister'S
made the most earnest endeayors to procure some
ame!ioration of his fathers system, and urged upon
him such measures as would tend to secure the sta
Diity OF his power; at time, too when revOlu-
tonary spirit menaced the peace of Europe. The
King of Sardinia, after the peace Of Villafranca,
was anxious to form treaty Of friendship and am
ity with the young Bourbon, which would have
been of the last Importance, But exasperated
against that heroic and noble ruler, by reason of
the expulsion of the Dukes of Tuscany Modena,
and Parma, and the encroachments made upon the
States OF the Church he rejected his overtures with
insult and contempt. He regarded Victor Enan-
uel as his enemy and not as his friend. And an
enemy he became, though not through his own in-
tenton. Neither he nor Count Cayour had any de-
sign upon Naples, hut rather SHRINK from any idea
of attempting to add its disorganiZed, debased and
ignorant population TO the free people OF Italy.
The impetuous and improvised insnrrection Of Gar
ibaldi it was, as well the enthusiasm Of the peo-
pie Themselves, that compelled, a. it were, the
King OF Sardinia to accept the issue, and finally add
the crown OF the two Siciliea to his own.
The prOtracted resistance shown by Francis III at
Gaeta-which, by the way, greatly annoyed the
French court and people, has been attributed to his
yalor. But it was owing rather to his obstinacy,
and the cherished expectation that the old legti.
miss would not abandon him to the reyolutiOnists.
He ~ man of mean and cOwardly disposition,
OF narrow mind of ungoyernablc passions, Of a
weak and feeble judgment; and the news Of the
first reverses of his army at Palermo completely
Frustrated him. Asthe instruction advanced, he
accordingly showed the greatest perturbation, and
seemed totally at loss what to do.
When his best adviser. n. de MARITIME, recon-
mended an offer of the constitution that had for
merly brought back the island to it's allegiance ho
lhad to apply to the Pope for dispensaton. that
= as conscience might be quoted for departing so
far from the rule Of his " divine right By the
time the diapensation arrived other counsels pre-
vailed; and he hesitated, hoped and despared,
until the red shirts had landed on the peninsula.
The rest is we'll known--a battle, o siege, and
capitulation. AS he departed, the garrison pre-
scented arms, cried Long live the king :" and, it
is said, the spectators shed tears. This might have
been, for the spectacle Of 80 young and unfortu.
nate a monarch, leaving his native soil and king
touch Of the romantic that was calculated to fill
the heart with sadness. Poor fool one might
have said, TO throw away power splendor, wealth,
position all that men sigh for, in defense OF OBJ
solete idea--an impracticable system. And yet
why should he be pitied whose throne was founded
in treachery and wrong-in those doctrines of
government that crushed out the soul Of liberty,
and debased and outraged every thing that
manly? Thus, another batch of BOurhonS has
been consigned to the obscurity of private life, by
the genius Of Napoleon. OF the seventy four Rcn,
women and childrenit is said that fity-fve have
been banished by their people. And yet of those
that remain in Germany and Spain, it is hard to
say whether of them has learnt any thing from
the family misfortunes 1t is quite probable that,
were they restored, they would run the same
course OF arrogance, tyranny, higotry and llcen-
tiousness, as before.
The fall Of Gaeta caused great excitement at
Rome, and encouraged the people to gather in the
public places and utter cries in favor of Emanuel
and the unity of Italy. An Italian journal, at.
tached to the clerical party and the church, says:
" In spite Of the protests and prayers of the Cath
olics, law and Justice will not prevail against
force; and Rome, sooner or later, will share the
fate Of Gaeta. The protection of France toward
the Holy Father, will be reduced to the offering
him steamer to carry him into eXile.n This lat
ter office may indeed be performed by France; ;
but then it will be only because the Holy Father
has refused both the advice and assistance of
France, as well the most generous offers Of Sar
DINA. Besides, the retreat from Rome will only
be another stragetic movement, to enlist the SYM
pathy of the Catholic world against Italy, in the
vain hope that armies will be raised to recover the
estates Of the church, while the Pope bombards
the Vatican with bulls from abroad. But this hope
is vain. The church has not kept pace with the
march of intellect aud humanity. Once she was
the guardian and defender of bOth-against those
very powers that strive to lead her in the way
of healthy reform and rational freedom. Her tenn
pora possessions have blinded her eyes to the true
ends Of her institution; and she cannot see, what
every enlightened statesman sees, that, connedt to
liarC FAiPI t5al nm ut
become greater, but may lead to the recovery OF
all that she has lost.
The meeting of the Italian Parliament the
18TH was great event. 1t is is nearly unanimous
for the policy of the King and his Minister,
Cavour-that is, for delay. The siege Of Gaeta
must have satisfied the Italians that they were not
yet prepared to come to blows with SO formidable
power as Austria. Better leave her to exhaust
herself by her enormous OUTLAWS in the maintain
azkce of Venice and her fortresses on the Mlncio.
Nar position is one that cannot last-her military
expenses, increased taxation, immense debts, and
the troubles in Hungary and other ScaFonic pos
sessions, are wearing her out, and bringing her to
bankruptcy and dissolution. Italy, therefore, may
take time to organize her departments recruit her
army and navy, encourage industry and secure
TRANQUILITY. She has still on hand the Roman qucs-
ton and is now called to the reduction OF the
fortresses of Messina and on the Tronto. Hence,
her King wisely says in bis address on opening Par
Lament: % In the consciousness of its strength,
the Kingdom of Italy will be able to follow the
counsels Of prudence. My voice was raised
with boldness, but it is wise to wait at the right
time as it is to dare at the right time. Devoted to
ITALY, / have risked my crown for her sake; but
no has the right to risk the existence ana deS-
TIMES of nation"
The Emperor still continues to send reinforce
ments to Rome j; and this greatly puzzles the Qltd
7a1cs. Rome, they say, is in no danger; and the
Holy Father has now too many soldiers about him
for the benefit of his treasury. The worst of
motives are assigned by some: the best by others.
A Murat e,netHe having recently occurred at
Naples this is referred to as an indication of what
the Emperor would do, if he could. But it is too
well known that the settled policy is adverse to all
this The declaration recently made to high
Church digntary and widely published at the
time that the possession of temporal and political
power by Plus TX was inimical to modern cViliza-
lion, and must give way, sufficiently declares the
purpose of Napoleon. But he desires to effect this
by peaeeable means-by negotiation Therefore
he strengthens the garrison of Rome to reprcss
any attempts ct armed revelation insurrectiOn;
and not because he does not desire the unity of
Italy or contemplates the restoration of the re-
vo wolfe provinces / do not permit myself to doubt
that the seat of empire will be the Eternal City,
before the year 1851 draws to a close.
American affairs are discussed here with more
interest as they become better understoods but
our countrymen, am sorry to say, are more dis
posed to take part with the North than with the
South. Perhaps the tone OF society here, on the
subject of slavery, has its influence; and you
know that with most men, an unpopular cause is
often regarded as an unjust one. Iae french are
< a people of sentiment, and are Borne away By
anything that appeals TO the imaginatlon; or, that
may be arrayed in kind of melodramahc situa-
4 tion.