Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1861-01-25


/ remain henceforth a. hitherto. one people
The first object Of every human society is safety Sc
curty, for which, need be, they will, and they must
sacrifice every other. This security is oftwo kinds one,
exemption from foreign aggression aud influence the
other, exemption from foreign tyranny and sedion
Foreign from either violations Of treaties
domestic violence. The Union has thus far, proved H.
self an almost pefee, shield against such The Uni
ttd States continually enargng their diplomatic ac-
quantnnce have treaties with France the Neither.
lands, Great Britain, Sweden, Prussia, Spain, Rusra,
Denmark, Mexico, Brazil, Austria. Turkey Chill, Siam,
Muscat, Ncnczucla Peru, Greece. Sardinia, Ecuador,
Hanover, Portugal, New Granada, Hesse Cassc. Wurt
+ tembure China. Bavaria. Sarony Nassau, swzcrand.
Mouklcuburg SrhwcTin, Guatemala, the Hawaian ls-
lands, San Salvador Borneo, Costa ca Peru, Bremen,
the Argentine Confederation, Loo Choo japan, Bruins
wick, Persia Baden, Belgium, and Paraguay. Never
theess the United States within their entire existence
under the Federal Constitution, have had htgant wars
with only four States, tFo II which insignificant
Powers on the coast Of Barbary, and have had direct
hostiiies, amounting to repusas against only two or
three norei and they are now at peace with the whole
/ world
1.-THE Union should be divided into only two Confeder-
acies each Of them would need 20 make many treaties
as we have aud of course would be liable TO give
the sad experience Of other nations that dsntegauun
once begnn nevitably continues until even tho greatest
empire crumbies into may parts. Each Confederation
that shah ultimately arise out of The ruin of Che Union
will have necessity for many treaties as we now have
and will incur Liabilities jr war As often as we now do hy
breaking them IL is the multiplication Of treaties and
the want of confederation, that makes the nominal
condition Of society ia Western Europe ami u spanish
America II is union that, notwithstanding our world
VIDE intercourse makes peace the habit OF the American
people.
will not descend so low AZ Co ask whether new con-
fcdcraces would De able willing bear he grcyous
pcnse Of maintaining the diplomatic relations which
not be dispensed with except by Withdrawing from foreign
T commerce
Our federal government Is better able to avoid giving
Just causes of war than several confderaeie because 10
conform the action o. all the states 90 compact. Il
can have only construction and only tribunal fn
pronounce that construction, Of every treaty Local and
temporary interests and passions personal cupIdty
and ambition, can drive small confedcracics OF states
more easily than great republic into indscrcet viola
The United States being great and formidable power,
can always secure favorable and satisfactory treaties lu-
deed, every treaty we have voluntarily made Small
cpnicderacs OF states must take such treaties aa hey
can get, and give whatever treaties exacted. hu-
initiating or even an unsatisAciory treaty. is chronic
cause OF foreign
The chapter Of wars resulting from unjustihahc causes
would DO case of division ampity itself n proportion %
the number Of conf,dcracies and their irrtabty
Our disputes with Great Britain about Oregon the bouu
Diary uf Main" the patriot iusurrcctou in Canada aud
Che island 5f San Juan. the border irfe. between Texas
aud NJ cNico, the incursious Of the late William Walker
into Mrxco aud Central America all these were cases
IN which varwas prevented only by tho imperurbao.lp
OF the federal government
This government only gives fewer cause of war vhet
or just ur UNJUST shan smaller coufcdcraces would bu
railways has greater ability accommodate them by The
exercise o more coohc7s aud courage me use o more
various and more liberal means, and the display, Il need
be- of greater force. Every knows how ptcahc we
ourselves afe 10 contfnFeres with brcl Britain france
anu spain aud yet how exactng we have been in our
intercourse with New Grenada Paraguay and San Juan
de Nic1ragua
Mr. President, no one will dispute our flrefathers
maxim that the common safety Of all rs the safety VI each
OF me states While they remain united the federal
government combines all the materials and AL the forces
of The severl states organizes their deien-es
general principle harmouises and assmilaes them win
ene system watches ir them with single eye which
st turns m all directions and moves all agents under the
control OF one executive head nation so constituted
is safe against assault or even insult
War produces always speedy exhaustion Of money
ana severe strain upon credit The treasures and ere
a ul ,nA eonieleracts would often prove ma'equa'e
hnse OF the Union are Aways ample
have thus hr kept out of view the relations which
mNHt at'e between me ronieaefa'e' themsc'es lhey
would Do small and lneonsderanie nations bordering un
otA,t ahl ,n'reore according 10 All p,l-e'l pn''s
t.L ~ ~ ~. w, a''s.," - " w.. ''.n
n' cause, V war "",'9 "'fY ""N'N give y ''ia'hs
eiu a'4 o, tur 'ln'elefacle1 mus a',o h"n.nu
ues WIN A tle 9-l.t'' "39 sd ue llt' az, -.n
t.,i. l'.tl N'tlu ue-,''Ar} nv nv i.T
ttN Iesuluh- H"N ln'ti eat'"l' uncut "i uiI .it"i
P'h.ies "I revenue oi mhng' ma"uitetuft'' ana hA
i54u.n' @l lnhi5t tuon. ana pe.nAps ihe save uSlt
"D'n | p ~ i,"yf I "tl '',s. ;.s ,t, fi
age, peg"af 10 li.eu ana INJURIOUS 20 u. ri'al'.
W nts,l, ~ "eTf pc ,e',ey 'na ,he mon slo.'a o
.'..'u "p % No-'u oc in thS l9s a'Sfss tll'
t nc" e'ieuei ,es Us 20 ue lotle" sH'Nu up '' ".''
y As P's'i'e equal 90 stensih and power may m'lnh
tN ana mutual respect might inspire th'n "iln ''Au'n
against mutual ohense. but sucA equality eo"n not
i'N~ o Malhlaiheu one 'ohleleta'y "ouIu i 'N llc
scale o political Importance and tne others would view
Ut WeH't rIWHA WIN envy ana apprehension 'sli 90
sie' "oWa onS on t'eluen ana te.lllly WIS, Auu N
l,', "ei' ION l' pesIuAl Alls W 'ig 9i .
eu,''Jg Tol.u [ y, wy n';sfe anu ~ s ,,'g o " M
NaI ''''.u."", .hyItl"ie' ~ l'i tHt peNt N, lHs
t'lnIl P,ti.'ual vl'u "Ai. Wusale II an" y'l'lu
ts4 ' all.stns tle 9'anee el power "nea mas o9'la
ta lN EUROPE ln "hch the ie" strong uat'nN u'iAte
tNe very 'Stm' ON "nlcu aH the ohet, slt ue content
'N'e "ush 'nlS u'leiW system sh,"'u Wy "' i"N'
I3'Hsn hAlNs would intervene ho"ln i4'or oi one "Nu
men ~ al9 % another and mus our oounli h1',9i
tNPe"ea al European powers rom ,he continent "'u'u
relapse mo an aggregated form oi hs r1i'nh 'Npe5i
en- e ana, hse iny, turkey, INDIA and Chna become
inc theafc oi transatanuc Intervention and raparF
H. however we grant 20 the me-" coniederaeeS an eN-
empuou tiom complications among each other aud with
iofean states SUI there IS too much reason TO believe
q
+ form OF government Universal suiinge and ne ao-
system The world has Yet to see single seli-snsian
states except our own Canada leans on Great Britain
not 9n"linsiy and switzerland is guaranteed by inter
e'ted monarcmal states Our own experiment mas ihus
iAr oeen successful because by the continual addition o
new sies ihe lnlnence ol each oi me members OF thc
un1nls constantly restrained ami reduced NO one OF
course can iorete me way and manner OF travels but
histoiy indicates with unernng eerniny me end which
tRe sc'er'! coniederaces would reach LcenhouSness
No"H rcnorr ie utolerahei and ihey Woul sooner or
Mti purchase tranquility ana domestic safety 10y the
surrender o hneTty ana Yield themselves up 20 the pro-
tc.lon ot military despousm.
Indulge me- sir IN one or two details under tins head
FlNt 10 only sixty days since this dlsuuon movement
he8aui already those who are engaged iu 10 have can
vased with pnrtentnus freedom the possible 1ecomhin1
1us o he states when discovered, and the feasible ale
huccs OF those recomhiultnns with European nations
alliances as unnatural and which would prove ultnucy
as pesueuual 10 society here that Of the Iasc1laus
the SpauaTd, who prnmise them their