davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1861-01-25
The Law Of Treason

Judge Snallcy. of the u. 5. Circuit
Court. charged the Grand Jury in New
York la, week on the matter OF Treason.
lie said
"lt il we'll known that war-ciyil war
EXISTS in portions of the Union.
THAT rcrs,ns OWN: allegiance 10 the
United States have cnnicdsratcd together,
and with arm. Nv force and intimidation,
have prevented the execution Of the con.
-,ituiioual acts ~ Congress, have iorcihly
seized upon and bold u cu.,om.housc and
POS, ofhcc. forts. arscnal.. vessels. and other
property hc',ncin. 20 the United States, and
have actually fred upon vessels bearing ih'
United States lhs aud carrying United
States troops.
"Ths usurpation Of the authority
IT the Federal Government; III. high trca.
son 10y le,yirc Mar. Either one oi those
acts will constitute treason. Ihrrr can \,
no dovH Oft.
"n the court Ia. already told you. Tho
combination AMI as.cmhlaec Of n ts'iy o'
men With the design ~ s"iring and the ac'
tual .eisu. ut the forts and other public
properly IN and near Charleston. South
Csrp'inp. and in some other States. p d
brtiag Of irdr osaiaV ihc iHiod Nai's.
Cons. Qurntlv. any and every person
who engages therein j.. ~ The law. regard.
ci n. lr,ying war against the United States
and all rs, adm, 10 than are e. b. regard
81 AZ MINUS. and all lrAo cirs thin ma
and comfort. ~ N,th carolina. ~ Me-
York, or any other portion Ut the United
S'atu. or ,l-cwh,rr. come within The ~
pres provision. 81! the first section Of tho
act Of 3O,h OF April. 1899, and are gully %
iTfG'oH.
lie charged the Jury u inquire whether
any person. IN ,ha, State are plotting Trra
son. and II such are found to present then
Tor t-ill.
Mr. Kerrigan. democratic VI. c. elect
from New York. IA. been .ubIonSed as a
witness before the Jury.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1861-01-25

The Charleston. Mercury denies that the
sub Treasurer has refused to honor the
drafts Of the National Government.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1861-01-25

The Maine Board Of Agriculture i.ln .c..
zion at Augusta. Hon. ). l.. Gooialc was
unanimously reelected Secretary.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07

set the seal of freedom, with our
civilization our form of government,
if we are true will work out the
problem which it is its high mis-
sion to solve triumphantly. Let US
continue then to hold out the OIL
i've branch of peace in the spirit of
of Fellowship. Let northern valor
and northern magnanimity be true
to the spirit of our institutions, cul-
ture and humanity, and in that
event our government is. safe. If
aggressions threaten from without
let our millions unsheath their
swords and spring to the rescue
with unanimity Of brethren in a
common cause, and after the troub-
led dream of frenzy has passed from
the South, and sober senses return
ed to those Of us in the north who
would appeal to the barbarities of
the sword, in order to create a more
perfect Union, we shall once
more reunite our broken family of
states. "E Plurlbus Unum" again
CLEAN forth in golden light over
each star in the constellation, and
each lost plead returned to its or
bitshine brighter after the eclipse.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
"Thirty-six Thirty"

The reader who is curious to
know exactly where runs this Oft
mentioned line, will get a clearidea
of it by taking the map and trac-
ing it as follows: 1t commences at
the point Oh the Atlantic coast
where the dividing line between
Virginia and North Carolina COM
mences; passes along the line divid-
ing those States; along the line be-
tween Tennessee and Kentucky;
along the line between the States of
Missouri and Arkansas; thence
through the territory of the Cher
okee Nation through New Mexico,
striking the eastern boundary ofthe
State of California a short distance
south of the middle, striking the
Pacific a short distance south of
Monterey bay. On the South of
that line there are about 300 $1,000
square miles of territory, including
Indian reservations, while on the
north there are about 900
square miles. Ofthe 10000 square
south of 5000 there is not the
slightest probability that there
could be carved out more than one
slave State. AllNew Mexico, COM
prising about 100000 square miles,
would never become slave terrific
ry, because it is not adapted to
slave labor. 1t produces neither
cotton nor cane, North ofthat line
though slavery wereto be legalized
it could never exist.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
a scrap of Eistorv,

There have been ten specific at
tempts to defy the authority of the
Federal Government since the for
nation.
The first was in 1882, was a con-
'spiracy Of some of the officers Of
the Federal army to consolidate
the thirteen States into one, and
confer the supreme power on
Washington.
The second was in 1887, called
'Shay's Instruction. in Massachu-
sets.
The third was in 1894, popularity
called The Instruction of Penn
sylvania."
The forth instance was 1914, by
the Hartford Convention Federal
lists.
The fifth on which occasion the
different sections ofthe Union came
into collision, was in 1920, under
the Administration of President
Monroe, and occurred on the ad-
mission ofMissouri into the Union.
The sixth was a collision be-
tween the Legislature of Georgia
and the Federal Government, III re-
gard to the Greek Indians.
The seventh was in 1920 with
the Cherokees in Georgia.
The eighth was the. memorable
Multiplying Ordinance of South Car
DINA in 1882.
The ninth was in 1912, and o.
CURED in Rhode Island between
the Suffrage Association and the
State authorities.
The tenth was n 1856, on the
part OF the Mormons, who resisted
the Federal Authority.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
News Items.

An old man who fought in the
war of 1914, committed suicide IN
Kinds county, Miss recently, be-
cause the Union was dissolved,
-Streetsboro, Portage county,
o., is a healthy place. It has about
HOO inhabitants, and but one per-
son died there during the last year.
The Senate of Alabama has
passed a bill requiring all free ne
groes to leave the State by the first
of January, 1862, or be sold into
slavery.
The population of Missouri,
according to the census of last year,
is-whites, 1856, 1888; slaves, 49,
558; free persons of color, 1902.
Florence Nightingale's health
is improving, though she is still
unable to bear carriage exercise.
She resides in the suburbs of Lon.
don.
The U. S. treasury seems to be
doomed. 1t is said that detalca.
tons have been discovered in seve-
raj Southern and Western States,
and that special agents have been
dispatched to investigate matters.
On Wednesday an affray oc-
CURED at Raleigh, N. c., between
Mr.. Holden, editor of the Standard,
and Mr.. Spelman, editor of the
State Journal. The latter having
received several blows from a cane
in the hands of the former, fired a
pistol three times at his assailant,
but fortunately no damage was
done. Mr.. S. had previously chal-
lenged Mr.. H., who refused to &C.
cept it.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
The Destitution in Kansas.

We have received the following
circular, giving an account Of the
suffering condition of the people of
Kansas, from the chairman of the
Committee appointed at Columbus,
for the purpose of aiding the desti-
tute in Kansas, which we publish
for the purpose of showing our
citizens the necessity ofdoing some
thing for their unfortunate breth-
rem in Kansas. We hope to see
the call promtly responded to.
To the People Of Ohio. .
The undersigned who have been
appointed II Committee to solicit
seeds, clothes, &C., for the people of
Kansas, many of whom were rem
dered almost destitute by the recent
drouth in that Territory, have the
qualification to state that they have
learned that, owing to the prompt
response of the people ofOhio and
other States to the call for relief,
but little suffering from want of
food now exists in Kansas. 1t
should not be forgotten, however,
that some thirty thousand of the
one hundred and ten thousand now
inhabiting the Territory, must be
fed and clothed until harvest, and
seeds should be furnished so that
the people there may be able to
supply themselves with food for
the future. Reliable accounts re-
ceived from Kansas state that many
families literally raised nothing in
1860. and are destitute of garden
seeds, potatoes, corr and wheat for
seed the approaching spring. The
object of this appeal is to urge upon
you the immediate necessity that
these wants should be supplied,
and, to be useful, relief should be
forwarded without delay. We
subjoin herewith q statement of
the needs of the people of Kansas,
furnished us by H. P. johnson,
Esq, Of Leavenworth, and S. N.
Wood, of Council Grove, K. T.
We feel like expressing our
heartfelt thanks to the people of
Ohio for their prompt and generous
contributions for the relief of the
destitute in Kansas. Owing to the
unprecedented drouth in our Ter
ritory, at least thirty thousand peo-
pie were rendered destitute Of the
common necessaries of life-food
and clothing. To our certain
knowledge, families have been all
winter without shoes and necessary
clothing. For days have whole
neighborhoods been without any
food except buffalo meat. Our PEG,
pie would willingly labor, but bust.
ness is at a stand-still, and the best
can only provide for Themselves
Through the contributions of the
country much suffering has been
removed, and, we believe, lives
saved. Temporary relief has, in
fact, been afforded, but much re.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07

EFFECT OF THE CRISIS ON THE
SnK-TRADE.-Ac circular of Messrs.
Aries Dufour & Co., of Lyons,
mentions that although the United
States take annually about &1,OOO,-
600 worth of silk goods from Eu-
rope, the fall in prices since the
outbreak of the disunion crisis has
not been more than between two
and three per cent. on the superior
descriptions, owing to the limited
supply in the market. In the COM
mon descriptions there has been a
reduction Of between six and twelve
per cent.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
Strength of the American Constitution.

The Liverpool Post says that,
perhaps, rightly considered, the
present movement is a paIpable
proof Of the strength of the Amer
icar Constitution. There is some
thing like rank rebellion in South
Carolina. Civil war is talked of,
and the Government is inactive
or trimming yet everything goes
on as if nothing was the NATTER
Trade is brisk, the banks are Iihe-
raj and money tolerably plentiful.
In any ether country there would
be a commercial panic, a cessation
Of dealing, and a terrific alarm
The army would be called Out, the
national forces augmented, and any
number of suspected persons in
prison. But Jonathan acknowl-
edges no alarm, and, if not indif-
ferent to the result, seems to care
very little what it may be. The
free States + quite strong enough
to stand alone; and while people
talk Of North and South they seem
to forget that, greater than both,
there is a mighty West, drawing
within it's happier influence the re-
sources of the North and South
Treason and rebellion are, there
fore, merely incidents in a republic
so vast, and are to be extinguished
rather by neglect than by force
There will be any quantity of talk,
but probably no fighting.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
From New Haven.

NEw HAVEN, CoSN., Wednesday, Feb. 6.
The Democratic State Conven-
ton met in this city this morning,
and organized by the choice of VIM,
b. Burrill as President. The morn
ing was occupied in the appoint,
ment of the usual committees
Hon. j. G. LOOMS, of Bridgeport, is
prominently named as candidate for
Governor.
The Convention is q full one. II
is supposed that the majority of the
Committee of Tw~enty-one on reso,
lutions are Douglas men.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
From The New York Fl
Assassination of Hon. JOsephL. White,
Formerly Member of Congress from
Indiana. Ft
PANAMA, Friday, january Is.

Formerly Member Of Congress from
Indiana.
PANAMA, Friday, January rs.
Joseph L, White has been assas.
sinated A Sad and mournful SEN
tence, that will blanch the cheek
of manyw who only knew him as a
friend, and fall with crushing
weight upon the hearts of loved
ones who will never see him more
Mr.. White left New York on the
North Star, on the 21st of Deem
Der last, for Nicaragua via Panama,
and took passage on the Panama
Railroad Company's steamship Col
umbus on the Both of the same
month. His business in Nicaragua
was to purchase certain exclusive
privileges of the Government for
the gathering of India rubber. In
this enterprise he was associated
with Mcssrs Groesbeck & Co., of
New York, who sent out Mr.. Dan'l
Morrill,, a member of their firm,
with him, with funds for the fur
therance Of the object. They ar:
rived at Point Icaco, the port for
Realejo, on the afternoon of the 9Th
of January, went on shore and took
rooms at the hotel there. Here Mr..
White first met Mr.. Jonathan
Gavitt, with whom he had some
conversation, which was subse-
gently renewed in the evening,
while the two were swinging in
their hammocks, under the piazzi
of the hotel. 1t appears that this
conversation was not of o very
pleasant character, as Mr.. Gavitt
had been several months in Mica
ragua on business Of a similar ma
ture to that of Mr.. Whites, and the
former thought the latter was tres
passing on his ground. Noquarrel
took place, however, and no threats
were uttered by Mr.. Gavitt. Mr..
White had not the slightest reason
to believe he intended any violence;
but suddenly, and while the two
were yet in their hammocks, Gavitt
ordered a servant to bring him a
revolver from an upper room, rs if
he were going out for a stroll
After the pistol was brought, Mr..
White remarked that he was ia
tigued and would retire to his
chamber. Getting up and walking
toward the door, Gavitt fired at
him, the shot taking effect in the
leg, II little below the knee, and
SCATTERING the limb dreadfully. A
good surgeon was at once called,
and amputation was performed
Mr.. White lived in great pain seven
days, and died at seven o'clock z.
NJ. on the Is h, modification hav-
ing set III. lie continued in sane
mind till within a few hours of his
death, and | believe, through Mr..
Morrill, and Mr.. Russell,a merchant,
made the proper disposition in re-
gard to his business. Mr.. Morrill,
took charge of his papers and eff
and they will be Forwarded to
New York by next steamer. The
murder took place in the presence
of halfa dozen respectable persons.
made no attempt to escape,
but was arrested as soon as the po-
lice guard could be called, and
placed in prison in irons. 1t was
with some difficulty he was saved
from instant execution by the peo-
pie.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
A Negro Plot in MARYLAND.

The Washington Star of We'd
nesday evening says:
A letter received this morning in
this city, from Leonardtown, Nd,
dated January %, states that much
excitement prevailed in that city in
consequence Of the supposed dis
covery of an discretionary plot on
the part of a gang of slaves and
free negroes. The Home Guards
volunteers had turned out in the
night, in asnow-storm, to arrest the
negroes supposed to be connected
with the plot. They captured the
r~ingleader, a free black, and lodged
him in Jail for trial, another free
negro gave information Of the plot,
which he had refused to have any
thing to do with, on the ground
that lie did not choose to be hung
for undertaEingto set other darkies
free. The plot, according to his
statement, was to Kill all the whites
over two years of age. We give
the statament as it comes to u.s.
The letter appears written in good
faith, but it is well in these times
to receive with considerable eau
ton all accounts O" insurrections"
and the like sensation reports.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
ADVERTISEMENTS,
ROAD NOTICE.

NOTICE is hereby given that a petition
~ will be presented to the Commissioners
OF Preble county, Ohio, on the first day Of
their March session, 1861, praying for the
location and establishment of a Free Turn
pike Road, between the points and upon the
route hereafter set forth. Commencing .at
Swisher's Mill, in the township of Harrison,
Preble county, Ohio, thence west along the
line or roabcd of the county road leading
from the town of Hamburg, in Monroe town.
ship, in said county of Preble, to said Swish
er's Mill, about four miles to a point in the
ceutre of the State Road, leading from the
town Of Eaton to the town of Grccnville.
where the above named county road crosses
said State road, and thr~e to terminate.
jan3l-4t. MANY PETITIONERS.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
From Arkansas and Northern Texas.
Fort SMITH, Wednesday, February 6.

FORT SMITH, Wednesday, February 6,
VIZ learn hat the Texans have
threatened to take possession of
Forts Washita, Cobb and Arbuckle,
in the Indian Territory, hut it is
thought each place is sufficiently
garrisoned to protect them.
The Conductor of the Overland
Mail from Little Rock reports the
Arsenal taken possession of by the
State troops at that place on Satur-
day evening last,
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
Dissolution.

The partnership heretofore existing be.
William G. Burley and myself under
the firm name Of Stephens & Burnley was
dissolved on the 9Oth day Of October last by
mutual consent. The settlement of the bust
ness Of the firm having devolved upon me,
| have as a matter Of convenience to custom
ers, left the partnership book with John T.
Deem & Bro. at the old stand, where it is
hoped, those indebted will call and arrange
the san without delay.
j. B. STEPHENS
Jan, II, 1861. 2l-8w
s Z - ssfVs
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
New Counterfeit.
NEW York, Wednesday, Febr

NEW York, Wednesday, February G..
Counterfeit Sos on the Amstcr-
dam Bank, Of New York, and bills
ola like denomination on the Bulls
Head Bank, New York, were pat in
circulation last night.
1t is reported that the ship David
Brown, from San Francisco to
Cork, has been lost at sea. Two
OF her crew were brought into New
Orleans.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
State of Ohio Court of Common
VS.. Pleas of Preble
Joseph lie Rue. County, Ohio.

Indictment for Grand Larceny.
NOTICE is hereby given that the said
~ defendant was convicted of said charge
of grand larceny at the November term Of
said court of said county; that the said de-
PENDANT was sentenced upon said conviction
at said term, to the penitentiary Of said
State, for the term of one year; and that an
application will be made to the Governor Of
said State for the pardon of the said defen-
dant.
Haines 4 Abbott and Robert Christy,
Atty's for said Joseph LIE Rue.
Eaton, Jan, "a, l86l-3w.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07

The people of Sault st. Marie
and the whole Lake Superior re-
gion, were nearly forty days with
out a mail, getting none from No
vembes IL until December 10, when
they heard of Lincoln's election
after it had gone to Pugcnt's
Sound and come back again.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07

AYOTHRR SLICE OF INDIA ANNEXED
BY ENGLAMD.-The English author
tiles have lately annexed five hun
dred square miles of territory in
the llimaIaya region, including the
highest peak OF that famous noun
tain range.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07

mains to be done. These thirty
'thonsand people must be fed and
clothed until next harvest, and even
then snch relief amounts to but lit.
tie, unless our people possess the
means OF future existence. Food
can notbe sent from Ohio, Freights
are too high but the express COM.
panies have agreed to carry money
and clothing free. Let each neigh
borhood in Ohio then contribute a
box ofgoodcommon clothing, boots
and shoes, jeans and ~satinets for
men; fiannels, linseys and calico
for women particularly, are desira-
bic. Next we need garden seeds of
all kinds. There are literaHy-none
in Kansas. Let a package 20 from
every neighborhood. One hundred
thousand bushels of spring wheat
are necessary for seed. Nav we
not hope that the people ofyOhio
will contribute of their abundance
to. furnish, this wheat and a
freight on seed corn and potatoes,
and thus enable our people in. a
shorttimeto placethemselves above
all want. Wheat can be purchased
in Illinois, and Iowa for from fifty
to sixty cents per bushel. Corn
and potatoes, in the same localities,
will be donated in abundance, if
money can be raised to pay freight.
May we not hope that the people
OF Ohio will go to work, canvass
their cities, counties, towns and
villages, and send theirshare ofthis
relief? What is done should be
done Immediately. Wheat should
be sown in February, and no time
can be lost. Clothing and seeds
should be sert to s. C. Pomerov,
Atchison, Kansas, marked: "Kan-
sas Relief Clothing" Tor seeds.)
Money should be sent to Gov.
William Dennison, Columbus, Ohio,
by whom it will be forwarded to
Kansas to pay freight or to pay for
wheat. S. N. WOOD,
Council Grove, K. T.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
Interesting from Fort Sumter.


New York, Wednesday, February6 G,
The steamer Marion, from
Charleston, arrivedto-day. Among
the passengers are twenty wives
and seventeen children of soldiers
at Fort Sumter, who suffered Sc
verely from sea-sickness duringthc
trip. They represent the garrison
at Fort Sumter as in excellent
health, not a single soldierbeing on
the sick list. The strongest Union
sentiment pervaded the company,
and they looked forward to an at
tack with confidence in their
strength and ability to repel it.
There are seventy-fve soldiers and
thirty laborers, all of whom are at
work in mounting heavy Columbi-
ans on the ramparts and in the for
tresS yards.
A large portion of the soldiers
are of foreign birth, about one half
of them being Irish and a large
number German.
The garrison snow supplied dali
ly with fresh meats and provisions
ofall kinds from Charleston, al
though only enough is brought in
for each days use. The supply of
sailed meats and camp rations is
ample for a long siege.
No achievements had been re-
ceived when the Marion left, and
from Captain Adkins statement it
would appear that great difficulties
would be met in entering the har-
Dor at Charleston with reinforce
ments or supplies.
The Charleston volunteers are
drilling daily, and they, with the
aid of laborers are placing Moul-
trie and the other forts in the best
state of defense. There are about
5000 soldiers in the intrenchments
andtheir number is constantly aug
mented by arrivals from the inte-
rior.
1t is represented that whatever
work is done in the way of render
ing Fort Moultrie capable ~ofrepel-
ling an attack that she can not be
made to command Fort Sumter in
any event, or be able to damage
that fort by her connonade.
THE memorial just sent on
from New York City to Congress,
asking forthe passage of the "Bor-
der-State Propositions" or some
plan of pacifcation substantially
similar, is said to be signed by 81
754 genuine, responsible names,
1,168, feet in length, and makes,
closely packed, a roll more thantwo
feet thick. This document, in its
origin, and the various steps Of its
history, is the most significant ex-
preston of the real popular will
ever sent from that city to the Fed
eral Capital.
R0H Business men should remem-
Der that a man makes very little
out of this world unless he lets the
people know that he is in it. The
remedy is furnished in advertising.
With a newspaper for a life preser-
yer, a man in business can swim on
the top wave ofthe waters, while
others around him are sinking.
The Democratic press. (Eaton, Preble County, Ohio) 1860-1865, 1861-02-07
JOHN GEORGES ESTATE.

NOTICE is hereby given, that the sub
~ scribers have been appointed and quail
flied as Executors of the last will and tesla,
ment ofJohn George, late of Preble county,
deceased, JOHN H. BONN,
]. r. II. BERNARD.
Jan. II, 1861, e. 2