The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-03-19


millions Of money from the rsasury and tho power 70
lay duties ON mportatons "to promote foster any
branch Of industry, are distinctly withheld from Oon-
gress. This clause alone 10 worth all samhces we
may be called on TO encounter in the great revoiuson In
But the constitution Is equally admirable the second
great matter OF oil government-the expenditure OF tne
taxes me eorsst syssm Of ina, improcs ~ = C., GU
up By the RODS This whole matter u left With the States
The constitution says Congress shall have power
% ss sSS r Wy" s s saa nh
any clause contained IN the constitution shall
o. o 70 the 20 e %
sis.s q 5sI.,A,ns
the coasts he Of he removing
IN a N yer in 81 scn sss s0sa
may be necessary pay the and expenses thereof
No appropriation FOR internal Improvement can thus BIO
states is free Of this corrupt incubus but the establish
ment OF lights beacons ana buoys Tho improvements OF
| cations shall BIO made by tonnage duties "aid the
navigation facilitated thereby" This whole exception
- in fact, but that feature OF the constitution Of the Uni.
ted states horizDg the States with the consent o
Congress- to lay tonnage duties to improve the haroors
and rivers But this clause was ignored by the greedy
oundereIs through the tariff who would raise no money
except through the tariff in order that they might obtain
Inc greatest protection 10 Northern manufactures Dy the
highest duties BY clause in the constitution those
who obtain the benefit of the internal Improvement shp
ping. and those who employ shipping, VIII pay LOT 10
This is just and this policy sti further carried oat by
another clause the conet iton leavnk 70 the Siaos
the power Of ny ing tonnage duties aud entering into com
pact 70 improve Their hubors and rivers The clause IS
as follows
s. No State shall without III. Congress- lay
duty Of cnnage except on seasong FOR ne improve
SS duties sa in not q the
ss e E sSs snS any sTrpus
be raid IN the common treasury shall ny state keep
msn or compact with anoiher Suite d viii foreign Power
anas In pn on ~ su susn ny n
divides or dove through two or sts hey may eater
thereof.
7aas greet Inland sed as Mr.. Calhoun eaRea e k:ssis
toSs-the Sots ocaei rs uaro b irprorsd as they
desn erpedis1. And all the hay bors coasts
also left under the of the States TO which
from the treasury of the Confederate States is therefore
rooted out of the system of the constitution
Executive patronage-the ninety four thousand Offices
and the rotation system constituting the spois OF party
victory in every Presidential elections also extrpated
by the constitution Of tho Confederate states Under the
constitution Of the United States all the civil officers Of
the government hold their offices by the tenure Of the
executive will Hence the intense struggle in the Pres
dental election. The constitution Of the Confederate
States contains the following admirable cauae:-
The ss in ea q he
ny se move from once the 3, ne rssen a
be removed at time by the President other apponting
xhep shs services are Or %
together with the reasons therefor
There Is virtually tenure Of Office during good be-
haviour IN all offices except cabinet ministers and am
bossadors for the President other appointing
specified in the constitutions then e removal shall
b. reported 10 the Senate, together the reasons therefor"
GUS record In the country will not only be admirable
check the President, but the Office holder Whilst
1t gives him protection, it also renders him smenable
the most terrible exposure for delinquency in Office This
is an admirable feature in our constitution.
Nor should forget in connection with the Executive,
that other feature In the constitution which extends the
PesdHts Of oice years. renders incl
tgttLe. That stupendous ovOf government, with all
lie power and patronage entering into Presidential cleo
n n
goyernontis abolished BY the constitution the Preei
dent and all hs high official suborntes must retire
the end Of six years whilst the term Of SIX yearsho
period for which Senators oecedpostpones the agi
atons Of tic PRESIDENTIAL election twoyears beyond tho
time ordained by tho constitution OF The United States.
Thu is decided Improvement, which, IL appears TO
Us, cannot be improved.
This constitution is also made amendaD,c Emenda-
ton OF the constitution OF the United Sites mprac
teablo To be amended two thirds Of both branches of
Congress- and three ourths Of the States by their Legs
ntuies or conventions, must concur. This tanta
prescribing that the constitution should be
amended at all. Partly IN consequence of this difficulty
the government 1t established vent 10 pieces. The
constitution Of the Confederate States provides that
Upon the demand Of any three States LEGALLY assembled
ns i s $ sns sa
e. he ens 1 ss The said sass shall con-
and ,hooG any q he SrOpossa The Ssn,n
and the snme be ratified BY The Lgisaareso thirds OF
the fcso sai or BY IN two thi DIS thereofas
he gneia ccnscntouthcy ST all thenoeiorard form part
ree Saes trag Az tie S'des into grand concsl 70
ctiiSir y rtions towdras each ocr and recfy orie
rdnes. will prevent disruption. The Lat Of
cu net u rsqDred 10 ~ igo'.rGls oB,s
thus coac had been tae constellation the Ussl ST les,
e tnion troslLd probably hare been disolrod
There tao other features this constitution which
should not preterrnit in enumeratng It's advantages
The sovereignty Of the states stands throughout
whole constitution Who eve the people are, left
doubt They the people OF the States and tho
sequent right of State TO scccce from the confederacy
although expr, sscd patent that " needed
Ia
the Territories Of the Confederate States also worthy
Of all commendaiion No. dispue concerning the rights
~ citizens emgIating 70 or inhabting them
arise.
Having tins briefly stated tho most striking points in
tho constitution Of the Confederate states, which
most worthy Of approval 10 the aciouh
tack OF considering those features OF the United
constitution which experience has shown need reforma-
tion, and which have not peo rectitcd abolished
| the cu4lotitution.
And, first, that abominston Of irresponsible caucus
trickery and dom2goguical wropuing and stamp
rythe election OF the Presidents taken whole with
out change IN this constitution slight experience Of
bodies, like the nominating entions in Charleston,
Baltimore and Chicago composed largely Of the ire
spopsbo tools and interruptions tricksters and whippers
N Of political parties their ambitious asprans-with
the vulgar demagogum and disgusting exhibitions Of
Douglas, Seward and company last summer-one would
suppose, would have satslcd I'D nd,exdr, any Of
the most ordinary perceptions scnsbtics that the
system Of exciting President prescribed by tho
tuition OF the United States, practically administered,
Il Of the lowest most uncertain unsafe ami most do
mcralizng that the wit OF man ever invented Why could
not constitution makers al Montgomery have fallen
back 10 the original practice under the consoton OF the
United States In its purer days, This u elect
Presidential electors by Responsible bona Tide reprceen
tatves Of the people, the state Legislatures Or
what would have been better st-to elect them by the
Senate Of the state Legislatures the conservative
branch The longer term Of Office OF the state Senator
with the established charac ter superior experience and
gravity Of their years would have placed the election Of
tie President In the wisest and pures handsaoof from
popular agitation, or the dictations Of party
The threofft representation, taken from the const
tuition Of the United States appears u.s. ALSO 70 be
grave Why should there not be rcpresc NATION
Of all eavce ms well as only three tfths " theiny Are
ssores pcrsoa ueR and csiltrcnS And, con
ettuting they do, by the least efficient por
ton Of productive population why should the
communities which they live have for them proper
tionate representation There should Be fun ryrsssnd
hon AZ all Wo fear that sckly sentiment
kecsm and practical injustce-thu unwise oomprosnsc
Of fathers in the old constitution the thrcehs
presentation.
Nor Fec the wipdom Of forbidding the slave
trade In the constitution Here the proposed constitution
goce beyond the constitution Of the United statos