The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-04-04


presslons are studious cautious and moderate bu
! they really amount to this-that he will enter int
| no negotiation with the South-that he will hol
so much of the property of the United States Gov
ernment as is still in his power will ''possess an
occupy"-that is, Tecapture citadels, arsenas, an
other property of the United States which hay
fallen into the hands of the South; and, further
that be will collect the revenue from the secedn
States, which, if done in the mildest manner, i'm
Plies very strict blockade. In making these an
nouncementS President Lincoln may be doing moth
ing more than his duty, but we cannot cOncea
from ourselves that such a policy is neither NOR
nor less than declaration of civil war. Nobod
supposss for an instant that, even if South Caro-
INA snoud refrain from attacking Fort Sumter
and Florida from attacking Fort Pickens thu
0outbern States are likely to submit to a re-occu
patton of the citadels and arsenals which they bay
selZeo, or that they will allow without a struggle
import duties for the benefit of what they consider
foreign Government to be levied on goods LANDED
on their shores. Whether the President announce!
his intentions to invade the South or no, is mat
Ter OF little consequence, except for the satisfaction
OF MS own conscience. The revenue will not bt
leVled, nor the forts occupied, without the employ
ment of armed force, and the first resistance which
that force meets scatters to the winds all the fail
professions about unwilngness to invade or coerce
war once commenced, and that civil war, will be
carried on, we may be well assured, in no judicial
or compunctiOus spirit.
The position of the American President calls for
every allowance from persons who from distance
CRITICIZE his actions; but should have had much
more hope for the future had his speech been
iounoed more on the actual position of affairs and
less upOnthe formal requirements of the Constitu-
tlon We have always thought that the steps pro-
posed by Mr.. Lincoln might possibly have check
ed secession had they been taken in the first in
stance: but time has been allowed to elapse rebel
hon to consolidate itself, and it is to triae with
great danger to attempt to limit the means of put
ting 1t down to the exercise of one or two constu-
tonal functions. Would it not be better to recog-
n'ze at once the formation of the Southern COnfed-
eracy, and to think little less of constitutional
powers and decorums which can end in nothing
but civil war, and little more Of negotiation and
arrangement, by which alone that civil war can
be aVerted? 1t would be an ineligible course
were the President to say that he is going to nego-
tate for peace, or thath he is going to enforce re-
turn to the Union by arms; but to say that be is
gong to exercise the powers of the Constitution,
ignoring altogether the fact of secession is to maxi
war certain while cutting off any opportunity FOR
negotiation.
From the london Times -March1ol
Had Mr. Lincoln been President at the time
the secession was first threatened, an essay or
the Constitution and few friendly persuasions might
have been an appropriate way Of dealing with the
subject But it is childish as well as dangerous thus
studously to ignore the real state of the case and
to seek by constitutional reasonings to influence
men who have placed themselves out of the pale OF
the Constitution altogether. There is no safer
maxim IN human auaifS tnan carefully to examine
ones position and that of ones antagonist be.
fore announcing any resolution, and to base that
resolution on actual and real not imaginary con-
ventonal, considerations. With the real state ot
America the Federal Constitution has most unfor-
tupatey very little to do. The President might
Rousseau. The question is not judicial but poiti-
eHnedeney We believe that instead sa r. Of % iSnorin9
the secession of the South and determining treat
as non drenu the President ought to recognize it
reality. We do not say that he ought to re-
cognize the right 20 secede, which clearly does
not exist any more than the right to rebel against
the English Crown claimed by the American COL
onies existed part of the English Constitution.
We do not say that the President is bound to
treat as legal the Confederacv which has risen up
in opposition to his own; but what we maintain is
that as a wise man, patriotic magistrate and a
good citizen be is rendering evil service to his
country if he does not deal with things they are,
instead OF as they ought to be. When civil war is
imminent, as 1t appears to be at this moment in
America, it is well to admit the only possible alter
native, that of hearing what terms the South is
prepared to propose IN order to avert dreadful
calamity. The last alternative always remains,
and the fratricida sword will not have lost its edge
by remaining in its sheath al few weeks longer
But the course adopted, fair as it may sound
leaves no hope or possibility ofreconciiation The
South cannot be heard, because it must not be re-
cognized; and acts which must lead to civil war
to be done rather than admit that things which
rendered civil war possible have actually occurred.
The Tariff has been decided in a manner to
ren der the return of the seeding States almost i'm
possible and the retention of the border States ex-
ceedingly difficult. The South seeded from an
Union where native manufactures were supported
by moderate Protection. Will it return to an
Union in which native manufactures are, bv an
advantage taken of the absence of the Southern
represeu tatives defended by something like pro
hbtion, the whole weight of which must fall upon
Al okrrSo Ia
to believe that such reunion take place; it is
difficult to believe that it is even desired. The
South has shown no sign of any wish to return on
any terms into the Confederacy it has left; and the
North has employed the short interval of secession
to raise up a barrier against reunion in the
shape of lliberal Tariff, all the benefits of which
will be side and all the burdens the other
The South offers to the border States market for
their slaves, and law against the re-establishment
of the slave trade, which may be considered as
protection of the human commodity in which they
deal. The North requires them to contribute to
its manufactures and tax themselves to benefit
New England and Pennsylvania. The struggle
NAV be painful one, but we fear that it will be
decided rather by interest than By sympa thy, and
that Mr. Lncolns constitutional lectures wi avail
little against the considerations suggested to the
border States by the high price of manufactures
and good market for slaves.
From the London Times
THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION OF 1862.
AT IenRlu Tue ueSlRnS lOr Tue UTedC E$0lDltlOn
building in 1862 are completed and drawn. The
building for the display of 1862 differs, in many es-
sentia particulars from its predecessor 1t will be
much larger, more commodous. much more impo-
sing in its exterior, while from without its aspect
will be of almost impressive magnitude and gran
deur. Glass and iron are longer to be the chief
features in the design. Externally they appear only
to be used where lightness with ornamental effect
is needed; and therefore, when they introduced
with these ends in view, they are managed with a
tasf md nj affn uhi inO
the design as a whole, makes it one of the most
beautiful of the kind that has probably ever been
reared. This remark as to the comparatively lin
tied of iron and glass, of course applies only to
the exterior. The inside, as heretofore, will be
entirely fitted with iron columns and girders, bat
arranged in more Gothic form and style, and with
keener view to picturesque effect, than in 1851.
The Exhibition building of 1851 occupied in all
nearly % acres; that about to be erected will
a little over 26. The flooring space in 1851 was
just short of million feet. In the proposed build
ing there will be 100000 feet, but, it is intend
ed to exhibit machinery and agricultural imple-
ments in wing especially built for the purpose,
the space occupied in 1851 by these classes will be
at the disposal of the Commissioners for other
works. so that practically there will be some
500 900 feet of flooring in 1862 than in 1851.
The greatest height in 1851 was 160 feet, and the
main nave running from end to end was 60 feet
high by Y wide The greatest height of the pro-
posed building will oe 260 feet, and the nave will
be l 200 feet long, by S5 wide and 100 feet high.
The total length of the first Exhibition building
was 1900 feet by 400 high: The dimensions ofthe
present are to be 200 long by 700 broad, exclu-
sive of the space set aside for the display of agri
cultural implements, which is in rough numbers
900 feet long by 220 broad. The contractors
price in 1851 was ESQ, 900. Messrs. Kelk & Lucas
contract to furnish the edfce in this instance for
f2OO 000 though in reality it will cost G300, 900,
but the payment of the extra 100000 is condi-
tiona on the gross profits exceeding $500, ,000 as
they did in 1851. Messrs. Kelk & Lucas there
fore, in fact, Guarantee the success of the great
display to the extent of fl00 900, though, accord
ing to all human probability, they do not risk a
shilling of this large sum.
The buildings will be erected at kensington, in
front of the new grounds of the Horticultural So
ciety, which they will enclose. One side of the
edifice abuts upon the Cromwell Road, the maiI
entrance on the Exhibition Road, and the thirt
side on Prince Albert Road the fourth or rear
side faces Immediately upon the grounds OF the
Horticultural Society. Externally the building
will be, we have said, 1000 feet by 700, though
the ground plan shows that in some parts the
width is diminished to 500 feet. The average
height will be 100 feet, nearly 60 of which will BIZ
solid brickwork. Taking one of the main sides o
the building, on the Exhibition Road, as an ex
ample, it will present lofty recess facade, from
the centre of which will rise a superb dome of gas
and iron to the immense height of $50 feet, witt
the base OF the dome of no less than l60 feet diane
ter These, for there are to be two, one at eacl
end of of the building, will be the largest dome
ever built. That of st. Pauls is only los feet il
diameter at the base, and even st. Peters is only
139. These domes are are to be reared over thu
intersection OF the nave and transepts at right an
gles and the floors beneath both will be elevated
above the level of the floors of the rest of the build
ing, an unequalled view will be got from herr
q limos - nct 3 tha ck