The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1861-12-02

FUSED to interfere in the quarrel, and re enact.
ed the resolution of 1890. 1t was only three
days ago that saw In the Times and other
papers letter from Ex-President Buchanan
who was lately Ami ssador In thiS country,
citizen also of the Northern States, In
which he says that the object Of the war is
solely for the purpose OF bringing back the
southern States to their original position In
the Union without i'm pairing any of their
constitutional rights"-that is to say, that
he for one will not sanction the assertion
that IL they bring back the Southern States
they will abolish slavery. Again, General
Fremont, man of great influence, though,
that he would assume line of conduct for
himself and said he would Iiberate the slaves
CT all those in rebellion; but he was ordered
by the President, MIR Lincoln to contradict
this proclamation. / make these observa
tions TO show that there is no truth whateytr
in the rumor Of any intention on the part OF
me Northern States to abolish slavery by
this quarrel.
IL Is not a question between us and slavery.
but simply how we are to obtain cotton
wherewith to feed our large man u featuring
population. 1t may be said that we have
uotatng TO do with cotton that we are going
TO be happy in Essex all the winter, spend .
merr' Christmas, aud we ought to let the
people of Lancashire starve unul all is blue
bnt shall endeavor to show you that you are
irectly concerned.
L find that owing to this quar- rel, besides
cotton, great portion If cur mercan tile
transactions betw" en- this country and Ame
ElC1 are at "a Gbdu0 SILL lake LiS case Of
tea-cups and plates, which are Staffordshire
ware. In august, 1850, those articles wert
exported to the value of 79,3iS pounds; while
in the same monSh, 1861, the exporHons only
amounted to the worth of 6,5l4 ponnds
therefore there was SO much less work in the
Stafor,tshire &c potteries. In haoerdisaery the
exports Of August, last year, an oun ted To
i3s,72o pounds but in this year only to 81, 655
poaads; IN linens, in the same months. the
difference was from 22S,119 pounds, to 42,Z79
pounds i'll the iron market the amount had
decreased % almost a nil. for 10 335 pounds;
bar iron exported in August, last year, there
were only $50 pounds for this year Passing
on to other manufactures, l find that for q, ~
gallons of .eed oil exported in the same
months in lS6o, there was this year none; OF
spirits, 16 ass gallons to 900; of bi tier beer
2,5S3 barrels to 995; and of butter, 1876 cwt
to 1915. That shows that not only the cotton,
iron, and earthenWare interests are con
cerned, but that the agricuituralists do not
export as they have been in the habit Of do
Then it is said that the Southern States
hayNeno right whatever 10 sec-de. Now,
tina 60 question upon which Euglishmen
womb not oifer very much, tor they are fond
of local Government; and am not ut all
certain that, II England formed Il portion OF
another territory, she would ohg recognize
that power. l wish to show you that The
right of secession has long been recognized
by the statesmen OF America When that
country first formed an orga ganizatiop agaius
England 10 obtain their liberty, they ap-
poin tel Benjamin Franklin 10 draw up Ar
ticies OF Confederation. The second article
ne drew up Was that the s.id United Colo
MES hereby enter into a firm league If friend
ship with each otBer, binding on them Ives
and ths ir .ost.rity." Well, this Was sent
forward to 4 committee of the Represen ta-
lives OF the several States, ana they ALTERED
the first words of the articie folio Ws
The SAID Colonies unite tn-m>eiyes so rs
never to be divided by any act Whatever, ana
hereby stveraliy," &c. But this was refer.
red TO the several State Legislatures, anu,
.IteT five years GelIOeratiOn, Article z was
made 10 refer TO each state re Gaining its sote
reignty, freedom, and independence anu
Article ) simply stated that '.the said States
hereby sev rally enter Into a firm league OF
friendship with each other" e..
TINS confederation iuste some years, but
owing to the intercourse which was carried
on between several Of the States and foreIgu
countries, it was fouLd that great inconve-
nlence tollOW upon each carrying or neg0-
tiations which must be anttgonisLic to The
general welfare. 3flere We're too very large
parties formed iii that country; at the head
of one was HaViton, and the o ner ) efterson,
terestea in carrying on the rebellion against
this country. AT last it was agreed that they
should unite so far that there should be a
Central Goyernmen', and that they should
hay. the power of ievying the general taxes,
making ne snd W T, and nesoiiatI" K with
foreign countries. Yet to show how care
fn,Iy those States Went nto the orig, nal con-
federation before signing the articles, TiIl
read YOU an extract from the instruction
sent to the del. gates OF Maryland-,hatS State
which at the present time, is kept in terror
by the Northern troops:
"Althous % the pre- sure of immed;at, c>lsmities,
the 6reai OF their codi .puaIce rom the appearance
of d:sl1 u and some other pecul ar cireuEn es
may have i1duca1 ne States to accede % the
,rase,t Co. feGera.i-n contrary to tbe. inter
SIS AMI judsm.nts, it requires no great shs ar, OF
faes = I to predict that wnen thoss causes cease
to or crate The States GLich tad thus accel ed to
the Conse,ie at;or will con ider il lor ger bind
irp and viii ager embrace the first occss gu OF
ssertin< their just right, and securing their iade
peudenc3.
That was the idea Of the people before they
even joined the Confederation. We find that
subsequently to the union OF TIE States the
same broad question arose. Large sums had
been borrowed by some States, and some by
others, and it became question whether
each State should be left to pay i is own debts
and Jefferson tells us he was only induced as
a me mber of the Govern ment, to vote for the
Congress adopting the Whole debt, from the
fact that many OF the States had threatened
TO secede. In the year 1877 we nave the fact
that Washington ttnan whom there was no
man more thoroughly acquainted with his
countrymen) wrote, on his retirement from
Office, an epistle which at the time rendered
him very unpopul4r, to the effect that, if at
any time any portion OF the Sta YES attem pied
to carry their own interests 10 tire detriment t
OF other States, the Republi woui Id break up.
In the wear lo25 the Government of Georgia
feeling itself ill used by the General Govern :
ment respecting some Indian land, the Gov
ernor called upon the people OF his Stat to
:. stand by heir arms, y and warned the Gen
erai Government that it would be treated as
a public enemy. Again: In lS29 South Caro-
lima pronounced the national tariff % to be-
unauthorized by the Constitution, null and
void not binding on South Carolina, its Of
fcers and citizens"
auote these examples to show that the
question of secession Is as old as the states
themselves. They agreed to form Confed =
Grafton and Union but at the same time it
was we'll kno wn that as soon as the interest t
OF one section of the States diff red from an
other they should secede, ana the more ami
cably that takes place the better 1t will be
for human nature. AS an instance OF what
our own country hasdone in such questions,
I would recall 70 your recol llettion that at the
time we eIpanci gated the slaves /" our coio-
nies the Dutch settlers on the Cape OF Aood
Hopa objected TO il, LETT their territory, and
settled on the Orange river sad England
a I'd since sIWass rpccS uissd that territory a.
tadsasnrsB'. Again. as sar baak as ths year
iYsa. ireland ohJsatsd 10 our governing u, aue
|, oniy rsaosaixsd lie Irish Legislature, aua
George Ill. &s King Of Ireland and not OF
We had then undergone the sad experience
Of tha American war, and we recognized
that Independence. and 1t was only ~ sound
argument, and NOT BY attempted force, that
we had brought them beck again. have
endeavored to bring the question before you
in three peints-first, that the question OF
cot on has no thing to do with the question
OF slavery, and that we do not stand up for
the North or the south secondly, that the
question of slavery Is only introduced from
interested motives; and, thirdly, that OF Sc
cession, which the Americans call rebellion,
Is simply a large population, n I'm bering over
nine millions, and covering an area or sJo,-
o0o square miles, wishing to govern them
selves, but are stopped bv their nelghnors,
After reverting z to the general faatures OF the
American war, Hapt. J.rvis observed, with
reference to the power of the Presdent OF tue
United States 10 declare war, or to announce
a blockade without the consent of Congress,