davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

reis of the earth of the caves will
! in general make not less than one
hundred pounds of saltpetre, and
this will take from twelve to fifteen
bushels of ashes.
"The Government now pays fof
a limited time at thirty-five cents
per pound, to encourage It's produc-
ton and to remunerate individu-
ais for first cost Of apparatus"
Government Powder Works are
now being rapidly erected IN Geor-
gia under the direction of Major
Rains, at which more than five
tons of saltpetre will be refined
each day, if required, and convert
ed into gunpowder.
The pamphlet gives practical
details for making the salt by the
above process with very great saw
ing of labor, time and expense; and
the process fjr refining it.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05
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Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

ranging the relative rank of these
officers, we cannot undertake to
explain. We believe that the
Confederate Congress sanctioned
the schedule, and what the Presi-
dent by ard with the advice and
consent of Congress, has done, let
10 man question. We will only
say, that If ace had had the ar
rangement Of relative rank among
these Generals, gradation would
have been very different. We
believe all the full Generals are
graduates of West Point.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05
Qriginal 4Ioetry.
Written for the Fayetteville Observer.
TIE SHIP OF STATE
BY j. W. W.

J BY j. W. W.
I When the war-storm sounds its fierce blast,
! And wild confusion spreads around,
! And strife and ruin are sweeping fast
To naught. that peace that once did sonnd
: Its welcome note to the quiet ear
And sang sweet music to liie's charms,
No sign of war then stirred the calm,
No sound went forth SO arms, to arms!"
But now how changed, the times have change'
Dread war again strides through our land!
Sweet peace aud joy have gone deranged.
"he Ship Of State see:hs like twill strand!
And yet, our captain mid the gale,
In thunder tones still shouts aloud,
= Our ship has baflied many storm,
Why fear We now another cioudn'
Our ship was made such storms to stand;
Eighi years our fathers took to build her!
They built her down in "D:xie's land"
And made the cotton there and rigse,. her!
Nor have the storms Of southern climes,
And some the hardest We have known,
Fen soiled as yet orr noble ship,
Nor naught away hom her has blown!
Then why fear we northern cloud?
A cloud that fAom the Arctic comes,
Libe rushing torrents .hund'riig loud,
As if to thieaten our lives ard homes?
That cloud tho long it has been making,
Nausht seems more than a lroadsIe storm
And should it meet hurricane
How long before twill have lie form?
Again, when blust'rins winds DO moan
From torrG climcs, and thunders roar,
While lightnings flash from zone to zone,
N ore horrid now than e'er before;
Methinks the meeting storms in contact,
While minglins thus themselves together,
May blow the northern cloud all back,
And thus somewhat becalm the weather!
Although our ships now in the gales,
Between a broad>ide ard whirl,
She still unurls her mighty sails
In dauutless courage to the world!
Nor does her fearless crew despo Id,
Nor doubt their captain srd the mate
Will steer her true or 60 beyord
Her strength and wreck the Snip of State!
For on them now the crew depends,
Although the winds may still blow hard;
Yet they've power TO meet all ends,
Both Davis and great Beauregard!
For with the counsel they'll impart,
With aid from an Aim ghty hand.
1t isthe hope We yet may see,
The foe swept from our blessed landi
Then fear not that heartless foe,
Nav force our crew from them to fly;
For they are brave enough we know,
To keep their banners III the sky!
And when the foe have tried their hand,
And found their cowaidice was true.
Methinks their very shame will ruin
Their honor so they'll meier renew!
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05
THE DIFFERENCE.

The Washington correspondent
OF the Chicago Tribune (black re,
publican) is, in the following ex,
tract from letter, forced to admit
the striking contrast between the
Southern troops and the Yankee
vandals in that vicinity:
A prominent citizen CT FairiaS
county, g Northern man, who owns
a farm thcre, was enabled to visit
it Yesterday, our piclIo:s having
heon thrown out a half mile be-
yopd ii for the first time during
the present week. When the Ma
nass.,s stampede took place thism man
was obliged to fy from his farm
butleft bis wife and children upon
l. 10 care for ii. He now finds ii
in as good condition as when he
left it, with the single exception of
forage. Hay and oats have been
taken, but nothing else, not even
q Spring chicken or roasting pig
No depredations were committed
upon the place until the Federal
soldiers came within reach OF IT
The contrast between the conduct
Of the rebels and the Government
soldiers doss not speak very vel
for the discipline Of scme OF Tax
regiments on the Virginia slde OF
the Potomac.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

From Columbus.-We learn
from a friend who was in the bat
tie, direct from Columbus yester-
day, that he conversed with Lin
coin Captain taken prisoner, who
belonged TO the Iowa regiment, and
to use the Hessian Captains own
words-"fhe regiment ,ecs literally
aaaihilated." Our friend says our
officers and men speak of it as one
of the hardest fought battles, and
one Of the most brilliant victories
of the age.
We further learn by a private
dispatch to a friend in the city,
that our loss in killed is 126, and
that Of the Hessiansis supposed to
be 2.0G0 m killed, wounded, and
missing. The Cairoites represent
the Federals as being badly whip
ped
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05
"CuriousA Union Men.

A correspondent Of the Cincin-
natl Commercial, writing from
Camp Red House, Winfield, Wes-
tern Virginia" gives the following
rather graphic picture Of the Tn
ion men In that section of the
State:
But the most curious misery
set Of beings L ever saw, are the
Union men of Western Virginia.
/ have never seen but one who
would expend a dime towards the
preservation of the Union. Ihave
seen but woman in Western Vir-
giria who would bake a biscuit for
a sick soldier, without first asking
if he,had any change; and during
our marches [ never saw the first
drink of water ofeerd without
asking fof it, and nearly in all ca
ses the man would not move from
lis leaning posture on his fence,
but would point to the well and
say, "There it is-help yourself
If a rail is missed from a Union
mans pile near camp, he goes to
the Colonel for Its price; if cab
bage is missed or turnip from the
garden has disappeared, the old
woman sends to the Colonel for
the value Of it.
The people hereabouts have an
idea that every Zouave carries
Uncle Sans treasury in his KNAPP
sack. One just now told me that
he is going to ask for two hundred
dollars as some one had broke his
fence down. Some cattle got in
and destroyed some corn; the land,
corn, and fence would not fetch
fifty dollars if offered for sale. A
little hauling was required by our
commissaries. 1t was to get his
provisions up the river bank. 1t
took one hour and a half, with a
yoke Of steers hitched to q Sled
The man modestly asked four dol
lars. He was tod that one thou
sand Zouavcs before him had left
their homes, their all, to protect
such as him; he said "Oh, yes! ali
you are volunteers; | am not. >
Such men as he composed the ma
jority Of Western Virginia; still l
have not the least doubt they. are
really Union men, but they won t
give their time or blood toward the
preservation of what they desire.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

The Lincoln steamer Keystone
State has been cruising for three
months, and travelled fifteen thou
sand miles, in search Of the priva-
teer Sumter. During the cruise
she called at various ports where
it was known the Sumter was in
the habit of coaling, but always
"mst in time to be too late
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

A R1Pdao ,Story-The Column
bus (Ky.) correspondent of the
New Orleans Crescent is RESPONSE
bic for the following:
The papaw crop hereabouts is
very great, and those who esteem
that forest dainty are having a
high time of it. There are many,
however, who can never eat this
fruit, and of these>I am one: But
the fruit is voraciously devoured
and greatly enjoyed by those who
have the stomach for it. The
value of papaws to papaw eaters
is well illustrated in joke heard
in camp. A good mother in the
country asked her pet boy to split
some wood for the bake oven; he
was stubborn and she coaxed.-
Come, that's good boy" she
said; ''now you split me a few
sticks Of wood, and you shall have
some apple pie, and some of the
nice bread and butter, just as soon
as they are baked ma" replied
young impudence, "your pies and
your bread and butter can just GO
to hi; papaws is ripe nowr'
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05
WHOLE no. 5la.
The Hero Of Strawberry Plains.

! A correspondent of the Knox.
vile Register thus describes a Wis.
it lately made to James Keelan,
the man who so nobly defended
the bridge at Strawberry Plains
against an attack upon the proper
ty by The Union men: ave went
to the residence of Mr.. Elmore,
the Railroad Agent, where we
found the brave sufferer. He was
shot in three places-the back,
thigh, and elbow. His hand was
severed at the wrist. Many CASH
'es are found upon his person
From his coat | judge twenty at
tempts were made to cut his throat.
When | saw him he was perfectly
calm and sensible, bearing his
pains with patience and fortitude.
he viii probably recover. He is
a poor man, with a large family de-
pending upon his labor for the sub
sistenee of life. He fought sixteen
men, probably killing their leader,
whilst in the act of firing the
bridge, and finally drove the enc
my away without their accomplish
ing their tiendish purpose. He
done all that a man could, unaid-
ed by any one, In defence of his
Government and his people. In
deed twas not known by any one
of the citizens, until in bleeding
and exhausted condition he reach
ed the house of Mr.. Elmore, where
he sank down from great weak
ness, exclaiming; ''They have
killed NE but | saved the bridge"
He is hero, and has physically
done more for the welfare Of his
country than any man in the Con-
federacy. He deserves well of his
countrymen, and let a grateful
people do something for the relief
of his family. Let such testi-
monial be made as will show how
o generous people appreciate men
who know their diity and dare to
perform it. -
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

The Lincoln Genefais@haye in
vented new name for their nh-
|merous overwhelming defeats;
they style them ''recolinoisances
in force" When this term is used,
set it down as a Confederate VIC
tory. That at Leesburg was a
Reconnaissance IN force" where
lshe most of the force was lost
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

Ho,o the Chinese Peg heir
Physici;dn8.-There is q custom
which prevails among the Chinese
that strikes US as peculiary saga
cious. The people agree to pay
the doctor an annual stipend sol long
as they are in good health, but
the moment they fail i'll the pay
ceases. The idea is q good one,
and would put the doctor to bis
utmost curative skill. We appre-
hend fevers. would have their qui-
etus in short metre, palpitations
cease their quakings in q jiffy,
agues gladly doff the white feath-
er, and consumptious be nipped III
the bud. People would 60 about
in the very redundancy OF health
and they and the doctor live until
they would be ashamed to looi,
each other in the face. Then &
physician would blush to comics,
to a patient, and to have one die
would subject him to the contin
gency Of legal investigation.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

A Pittsburg, Penn, paper, allu-
ding to the many defeats sustained
by the Lincolnites, very anYonsly
asks: "Are we forever to- be taken
by surprise and thrashed without
mercy BY aninferior foe?''
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05
Arrival ei Gen Albert Pike--.-lliS
Success in the West.

Gen. Albert Pike, Of Arkahsas,
arrived in Richmond last Saturday
on business connected with his la
bors among the Indian nations OF
the West as Commissioner OF the
Confederate States. His mission
thus far has proved an entire sue
cess, and favorable treaties have
been made with all the numerous
and powerful tribes scattered
through the vast territory lying
between Kansas and New Mexico.
They have now four regiments OF
troops in the field, and are MAX
ing common cause with the South.
The advantage of such alliance at
this time is incalculable, and the
Intimate results will be no less
important. The enmity of these
Indians in such an emergency as
the present, would have been a
source of perpetual annoyance
and injury. The hazardous and
laborious undertaking Of Gen. Pike
and its successful accomplishment,
entitle him to the highest praise
and gratitude.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

From the Raymond Miss CO.
zette, we learn that the planters
in that section.are sowing and pre-
pairing to SOW large crops of wheat.
Their intention is to raise suifi-
cient for home consumption. We
are glad to know that throughout
the Confederacy an extra amount
of breadstuffs viii be put IN the
ground, which will place our peo-
pie again on safe ground from
starvation"
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

The Washington correspondent
Of the New York Commercial Ad-
vertiser says that the under feel
at the Capital, publicly expressed,
is that our foreign relations are in
a critical state. Secretary Sc
ward is not at present upon the
best terms with the foreign mlnr
listers.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05
Current Gupirs.
GUNPowDER.

A pamphlet OF L PaSes h'i'
been issued by Maj. Geo. w. Rains
Chief of Ordnance in charge OF
the Gunpowder Department of the
i Confederate States, from which
we make the following synopsis
of the process for making Saltpetre
He says that saltpetre can be
easily made from the earth OF
limestone caves: - ~
'Our supplies of sulphur-and
of course charcoal-are probably
ample for the war, even if it be
of long duration; and the amount
of Saltpetre in the earth of the
Southern caves, to be had for the
washing, is abundantly sufficient
to meet all demands, for an indef-
mite period of time.
"Gunpowder is made Of over
three-fourths parts of nltre, tpurl-
fed saltpetre) fourteen parts of
charcoal, and ten parts Of sulphur,
all by weight; hence, the nitre is
much the largest portion OF gum
powder material, requiring conse-
quently the largest daily supply
The articles necessary to make
! saltpetre on a small scale are, an
iron pot, a few tubs, or pals, two
or three troughs, a wheel-barrow,
and four strong barrels with only
one head, with a small auger hole
in it near the edge. Place twlgs
| in the bottoms of the barrels, and
en- these some straw, and press
| them down. Then fill each bar
rel with pulverized earth from the
cave. Plug up the hole tightly
and pour in as much water let 1t
be hot in winter as the barrels
viii hold. Let the whole remain
one day, take out the plugs and
catch the liquor as it drains OIL
Then pour the liquor which has
drained off from the first barrel into
the second; and when it has drained
out pour into the third, sc. Af-
ter the liquor thus prepared has
become clear, pour into it a small
stream Of strong lye wood ashes
pouringit in slowly, as long as it
continues to curdle or cloud the
liquor-then stop. Strain the Il
ouor, or let it settle, and when it
becomes clear again, 1T is to lie
poured into the pot and boiled
away until a drop taken up by the
end of a stick, will become hard
or solid when let fall on plate
The liquor is then strained into a
tub: and when it has cooled, the
remaining liquor may be poured
into the pot and reboiled with fresh
liquor.
If any impurities should remain
in the l'ot with the crystals, they
must be cleaned out
"The saltpetre formed by the
. foregoing process must be first al
lowed to drain well, and thef
placed on clothes stretched before
the fire or out in the sun to dry
when the drying is completed, Il
is to be put into sacks OF barrels
, and is ready to be transported tt
the Government Agent at Nash
: vile, Lieut.. NJ. H. Wright, c. 5
a.. ordnance officer, who will pay
for the same on receiving the blli
of its shipment on the railroad.
If the crystals are wet, ane
brown eolored, wash them witt
pure water, and drain off and poul
the water back with the fresh ly'
to be used again.
The foregoing process Is al
: that is necessary IN prlnclple t.
make the, salt on a large scale
since nothing more is to be dom
than TO increase the number OF
boilers and other vessels.
i seTo give some idea as to tn
/ Quantity of saltpetre that can b
made. l will state that twelve bar
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

COmmercldt Gfu%6(tng.-" e
clip the following from the None
tary column of the Chicago Post
of the 18th. The credit of the
Lincoln government is beginning
to be doubted:
If the government would send
a sufficient supply to the West to
paw off its Indebtedness, much OF
which it has owed for months, 1t
would do much to restore its cred
1T with those who feel that they
have right to complain in regard
to the neglect which they have
received from the government
We understand t. al one OF our
leading banking houses holds over
lSl5O.OOO worth Of claims for
money advanced for supplies to
the western division of the army,
| A large amount of this money was
advanced with the most positive
assurance from the Guartermaster's
department that the money should
! be paid on demand.
Yet weeks and months have
gone by and there is no more pros
meet of payment than when
| the debts were contracted. Such
transactions are unbusiness like
and disgracefal.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

The celebrated Kit Carson, who
was reported to be in the Lincoln
army, is now a lieutenant In the
Confederate service.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

R1mog;ag tie Petdiic Archires
from WasAingtoa.-Many think
that Washington cannot be taken.
The Yankees, it seems, think
otherwise. A New York paper
says:
There was a rumor current in
the.city on Thursday that the pub
lie documents were being removed
from Washington to Philadelphia.
Whether the rumor had any foun-
dation or not, we think the act
advisable as matter of precau-
ton. The chances of battle are
uncertain, and if the Confederatcs
do actually give battle to our
forces, the. safety Of the build
ings in Washington are IN lmml-
nent peril. If they gain the day,
and get possession of the treaties
and other important State papers
the foreign powers are as likely
as not to recognize the Confeder-
ates as the Government dc Jacto.
Uapatyioiic Specaslatioa.-Gov-
ernor Brown Of Georgia, in bus
message to the Legislature, las !
recommended the enactment OF a
law authorizing the Governor, OF
any military officer under hls COM
mand, by his direction to selze any
provisions or other supplies neces-
sary for our army in tie hands 'oi
speculators or traders, and to pay
them reasonable aud just compen-
sat:on therefor, to be fixed by COM
petent yaluing agents.
~.--
It's stated that there Is proba-
hility TINT Fremont will be put on
duty in the army of the Potomac.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1861-12-05

It's stated that there Is a proba-
Lility TINT Fremont will be put ON
duty in the army of the Potomac.
Daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, Va. [W. Va.]) 1859-1865, 1861-01-16
MEDICAL Z.
HRAA WHAT ra M, PEopr 8. sLY.

The undersigned having used Professor HUM
iPIIREYs' sPECIPIC HOMEOPATHIC REMEDIES
in families With che most satisfactory results and
having full confidence In their genuineness purity,
anil enicaey, cheeTfully recommend them 20 all per-
Who Wish 70 have sale, reliable and sflieNeiens
TEmefies At hand for private domestic tsse.
The Rev. VIM. udsmer editor OF - The Northern
IndeP=ndsnt,~ Auburn, y. Y: the Rev. Z H. Ores.
Aey. D., Rector Of 81 Peters Church. Auburn y. V
the Rev. q. I. Ives, Chaplain OF the Auburn state
PrlA1n: the Rev. Spencer 81. Rice Rector, NeT-Iel-
fnri Mass. the Rev. Allen Steele, NeT-YoTk Con-
ference the Rev Samuel Nichols EaE-Geneses Con
ference, n Y. the Rev. P. g Pratt Dorset, VT; TIE
Rev. John Z Robie, Buffalo; A. O. Hart ESl., Utica,
Humphreys, n. Y; Henry D. Cook, Esq., Eilifor OF
TIE "Ohio state JouTnsl !" COluinbus Ohio: the Hon.
Chase, Monticello, Pa the Hon. Joseph Benedict,
Utica, n. u; Vim. Dri4Oi, ESQ, Utca. N. Y; A. s.
P1nds Esq., Utica, ~ VI James PiunkstL Esq, NASH
Daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, Va. [W. Va.]) 1859-1865, 1861-01-16

IOE AsTHNh oh ,PETTsic. Oppressed. Difficult,
LAbored Breathing, auendsiEIih Cough and E1pec.
torAuon. Price, 30 cents per box "
FoR ELR DISCHARGES AND Observation-Disclosures
from the Ear the Tesult Of Scarlet Fever MensieS or
MercuriAlS. For Noises In the Head, IIArTlnts5 Of
Price, 80 cents per box.
FoR sc1oTULi.=.Enlarsed Glands, Eniarrel aud Ir.
durated Tonlil sNGllnRs and Old Ulcers ScrOfuIn1H
CaeheHy Of Children. Price, 80 eenta per box.
PoR GDERAL DEBiLiIT. - Physical or Nervous
Weakness, Either the result Of SicEnesa Excessive
Medication, or EHhauatlng Discharges. Price, 50
cents per box
FoR DEoPsT-Fluid AecumuIaiions, Tumii sEeli.
tnES, With seanty SeeretonS Price SO cents PER box
Po2 sEA-SIcEEEss.-Deaihly Sickness, Vertigo, NSu.
sea, Vomiting. Sickness from riding or motion.
Price, 30 cents per box.
RoH UEMAEI DtsEAsEs-For Gravel, Renal Cal.
Gull Difficult, Painful UFiEaIIon Diseases Of the Kid.
neyH4 Price, 80 cents per box. "a ~ 49,
Io9 sEoflNAL Observation-Disclosures Discharges
and Consequent ProsratiUn and Debility, Had Re
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PerSons Who wish 70 place themselves under the
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