Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1861-07-06

where the bay oneis are all on one side OF the
question voted upon, can scarcely be consid.
cred as demonstrating popular sentiment. At
such an election, all that large class who are
at once for the Union, and against coercion,
would be for coercion and vote against the
Union. Ii may be affirmed without extrava
gance, that the free institutions we enjoy have
developed the powers and improved the CON
dition OF our whole people beyond any exam
ple in the world. Of this we now have n
striking and an impressive Illustration. So
large an army as the government has now on
foot was never before known, without a sol
der in ii but had taken his place here of his
own free choice. But more than this, there
are many single regiments, whose members
one and another, possess tull practical knOw-
edge of all the arts, sciences, professions, and
whatever else, whether useful or elegant is
known in the world; and there is scarcely one
from which there could not be selected Pres
ident, cabinet, a congress, and perhaps a
court abundnnty competent to administer the
government itself. Nor do say this is not
true also in the army OF our late friends, now
adversares in this contest. But it is so much
better the reason why the government which
has conferred such benefits on both them and
us, should not be broken up. Whoever in
any section proposes to abandon such gov
ernment, would do well to consider in defer
ence to what principle it is that he does it
what better he is likely to get in its stead
whether the substitute win give OF be intended
TO give SO much of good to the people.
There are some foreshadowings on this sub
ject Our adversaries had adopted some dec.
arations of independence, in which, unlike the
good old one penued by Jefferson they omit
the words, All men are created equal. -
Why! They have adopted temporary ma
IN hn la ~
unlike our good old one signed by Washing
ton, they omit 1--WE, the people" and substi.
tute 1--WE, the deputies of the sovereign and
independent states" Why? why the deliher.
ale pressing out of view the rights OF men and
the authority of the people
This is essentially peoples contest. On
the side of the Union it is struggle for main.
tanning in the world that form and substance
of government whose leading object is to ell
eVate the condition of man, TO lit artificial
weights from all shoulders to clear the paths
of laudable pursuits for all, to afford all an un.
iettered, short, and fair chance in the race of
life, yielding to partial and temporary depart
ures from necessity This is the leading OBJ
Ject of the government for whose existence we
contend. am most happy to believe that the
plain people understand and appreciate
this. 1t is worthy of note, that while,
in this the governments hour of trial
large numbers of those in the army and navy
who have been favored with the offices, have
resigned and proved false TO the hand which
had pampered them, not one common soldier
or common sailor is known to have deserted
his flag Great honor is due to those officers
who remained true despite the example of
their assistants. But the greatest honor and
most important fact of all, is the unanimous
firmness OF the common soldiers 10 the last
Now, SO far as known, they have succe Stuly
reSiste the traitorous efforts OF those, whose
commands but an hour before, they obeyed us
absolute law. This is the patriotic instinct of
plain people. They understand Without an
argument, that the destroying of the govern
ment which was made by Washington, means
no good to them
Our popular government has often been
called an experiment. Two points in it our
people have already settled, the establishing
and the successful administration of it, One
still remains - lis successful maintenance
against formidable internal attempt to over
throw it. 1t is now for them to demonstrate
to the world that those who can fairly carry
an election, can also suppress rebellion-that
ballots are the rightlul and peaceful successors
of bullets, and that when ballots have fairly
and constitutionaliy decided, there can be no
successful appeal back to bullets, that there
themselves at succeeding elections.
Such will be a great lesson of peace, teach
ing men that what they cannot take by an
election, they cannot take by war teaching
all the folly Of being the beginners of Il war.
Lest there be some uneasiness in the minds
of candid men as to what's to be the course of
government towards the southern states, after
the rebellion shall have been suppressed, the
executive deems it proper to say it will be
his purpose then as ever 10 be guided by the
constitution and the laws, and that he prob.
ably will have no different understanding of
the powers ana duties of the federal govern
ment relating to the rights of states and the
people under the constitution, than that eX
pressed in the inaugural address. He desires
to preserve the government that it may be
administered by the men who made it, Loyal
citizens everywhere have the right to claim
this OF their government, and the government
has no right to withhold or neglect it. 1t
is not conceived that in doing this there is
any coercion, any conquest, or any subjuga-
ton in any just sense OF these terms. The
constitution provides and all the states have
accepted the provision, that the United States
shall guarantee to every state in the union a
republican form of government But if a
state may lawfully go out OF the Union, hav-
ing done so, it may also discard the republican
form of government. So that to prevent its
going out is an indispensable means TO the end
OF maintaining the guaranty mentioned; and
when an end is lawfully obligatory, the indis-
pensible means to it are also lawful and obig
atory.
1t is with the deepest regret that the execu
tive found the duty of employing the war
power in defense OF the government forced
upon him. lie could but perform this duty,
or surrender the existence of the government.
No compromise by public servants could in
this case be a cure not that compromises are
not often proper, but that no popular govern
ment can long survive a marked precedent
that those who carry an election can only save
the government from immediate destruction
by giving up the main point upon which the
people gave the election. The people them
selves and not their servants can safely re-
wise their own deliberate decisions. AS a
private citizen the executive could not have
consented that these institutions shall perish
much less could he betray SO vast and so sa.
cred Il trust as these tree people had conferred
OF him. He felt that he had no moral right to
shrink nor even to count the chances of his
own life in what might follow. In full view
of his great responsibility he has SO far done
what he has deemed his duty. You will now
according to your own Judgment perform
yours He sincerely hopes that your views
and your actions may so accord with his as to
assure all faithful citizens who have been dis.
turbed in their rights of certain and speedy
restoration to them under the constitution and
the laws and having thus chosen our course
without guile, and with pure purpose, let us
renew our trust in God, and 90 forward with
out fear and with manly hearts.
(Signed) ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
July 4, 1861
REPORT OF THE TREASURY.
WASHINGTON, July 5.-The report Of the
secretary of the treasury is lengthy. He shows
an aggregate of appropriations already made