davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10
Campaigning AxiOms.

/. One we'll fed, well equipped
well appointed brigade is worth two
that are i'll provided.
2. In active service, three men die
of undue exposure. bad food. and
their own imprudences, where che
is killed by shot or stab.
3. An easy, rational, nicely fitting
Uniform, with warm, substantial
blanket, broad soled boots or shoes
and good wooden socks, will more
conluce 10 efficiency in service than
superiority in weapons.
t. The lighteot possible hcad-cov
ering, with good look-0u for ven
tilation, vii add tenth to the dis
tance regiment can march in day,
while insuring increased comfort.
s. A small cotton handkerchief,
or halt yard OF the co,nmoncst
shcetng, noistened with water in
tho morning and again at noon. and
worn between the hat and the head
will protect the Soldier from sun.
stroke and greatly diminish the dis
comfort aud fatigue If u no. DAYS
march.
q a flat bottle covered with wool
en- cloth. the cloth being moistened
AID the bottle filleI with water IN
the morning, will keep reasonably
cool throughout a long, hot day.
7. OF all villainous connections
tho liquors sold by camp follower
arc the most detestable and danger
ous. They are more deadly thar
rifled cannon, and are sure to b,
taken just when they should not be
Every Soldier who means to do hi
duty to his country should insist lha
all vendors OF these poisons be drum
med ont Of camp.
s. A good cook to each company
who knows how to make salt mea
juicy and tender. and to haze i
ready when, yer and wherever i
may be wanted, is equal to tw,
Doctors and four extra combatants.
0. Officers Who love and care 70
their men while in repose neve
have to complain OF their conduC
when in action.
10. A Soldier whose heart ia i
the cause he fights Tor is worth tw
who fight Tor their pay Yeao YO'
! TibNNe.
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10
The Reaction In Maryland.

UNDER WHICH KING ? is the ques
tion which the current OF events
forces upon the state OF Maryland,
and to which she is required to give
an explicit answer. 1t is a question
not to DO answered in passion nor
from caprice. 1t demands the cool
Get deliberation, the soundest ,judg
ment, and the wisest forecast, but
at the same time, the firmest re
spoDsc. Maryland calls every true
son OF hers to give ready answer
remembering, rs he does 80, that tc
him is committed some portion o
her interest which he is to promote
and some portion OF honor which
he is jealously to guard.
1t is not question Of election be
tween two governments, equal.
entitled to our respect, with neithe
OF which we are connected, and be
tween which we are indifferent.
il were so. the question 80 persisten,
ly and so disingenuously pnt, "wiI
you 60 with the North, or will 20
10 with the Southf' might be- prope
end pertinent.
But II is not 30. On the one han
is OUR COUNTRY, rich in priceless
memories Of the past which are oul
because they are our country's; ric
, in the vast extent and variety Of h'
present resources which enrich us
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10

We have seen in this city, says
tho Now York Tribune, whole fsni
lies men, women aud children
who have been compelled to escnpe
from Virginia, and were glad To es.
cape with their lives. They have
LETT farms and houses. implements
and furniture, ho. ses, ca,,lo and
produce, AS spoils to the mob. Sons.
times they have been permitted the
use OF their own teams to reach the
nearest railway stations; but once
there. they have lett horses and car
riages standing at the roadside for the
use of whonsoever chose to take
possession, and have got into III,
first train stripped OF all their world
ly wealth, except the clothes they
stood in. Only two weeks ago. We
had from tho Fps oi the he ID OF II
FIN ly, An account Of heir escape
At twelve o'clock at nj sht, he re,
ceived notice that they must leave
within twelve hours, unless no took
the oath oi allegiance TO Virginia.
and enlisted in local comp my.
lie sSore go help mo God' hv
woull never raise his han against
the lag under which he and his had
always found protection. In til,
morning they eff c,od their escape
leaving even tho breakfast table a.
they rose from il. This man has
lett behind him hot less than $50
600 worth Of property. Of which now,
no doubt, his rebel neighbors are in
the full enjoyment. These are ex.
smples merely Of numerous instan-
ces, The persecution which has al
ready been brought against hund.
reds anil perhaps thousands of per
sons, compelling them to fly ioI
their lives, has brought upon tina
class which is reluctant to engage il
rebellion all the horrors OF tho mos
relentless war.
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10
Southern Matters.

SAINT LOUIS, May 2.-The Cairo
correspondent OF the JournaI writes
as follows:
We have been able t. ascertain
the main points Of the conversation
hetween General Bnckner, Senator
Johnson. ind Col. Prentiss, which
consists of additional guarantees on
the part Of the former that Kentucky
has determine to maintain a neu,
tral position, and that she would not
allow the Confederate troops to cross
her soil. to invade any Northern
state, nor countenance the organ
izing o! any portion OF her own citi.
zens for that purpose. In return,
she required guarantees on the part
of this state that her territory should
suffer no invasion from tho I.linuis
troops. They protested against the
blockade Of rivers at this point,
! claiming that tho jurisdiction o;
Kentucky extended to the Illinois
shore. Nothing but munitions IN,
der the present status, will be inter
fered with.
The Pensacola correspondent OF
the Mobile Adcertiser, under date OF
the 25,h, says several barbettc guns
have been removed from Pickens.
bnt for what purpose is unknown,
Also that new batteries have been
erected outside the Fort.
The Montgomery correspond Mt
OF the same paper says much anxiety
exists relative to the present conflict
in the border states, especially Mary.
land and Virginia.
i Great activity existed in the War
Department, and troops were beil 6
hurried into the field.
The Cabinet have decided to call
ont fourteen regiments in addition
} to the 32 900 already obtained
: More than double the whole nun
her have rendered their services
Six Of the new regiments will be ta.
ken IRON the Southern states moi
: members of tie Coniederacy.
The Montgomery government
= will cooperate with every Southern
state, and will furnish men, money
and munitions Of war, and aid then
to resist any force brought agains
them.
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10
The baltimore Steam Gun.

A gentleman direct from Balti-
more, and who has seen the steam
gun (about which considerable has
been saii,) operate, has furnished
US with tho following description Of
/, il:
1t is on four wheels, tho boiler 10
like that Of an ordinary steam fire
engine, the cylinder being upright.
There Is but one barrel, which is Of
steel. on q pivot. and otherwise is
like an ordinary muskut barrel. Is
is fed or loaded through hopper en-
tering the barrel over the pivot.
The barrel has n rotary motion, and
performs the circumference, by ma.
chinery attached, at tho rate Of
about sixteen hundred times
minute. The balls arc lot into tho
barrel through 4 valve, at will, and
every time tho barrel comes round
to q certain point, another valve,
.elf-operatel. lets out ball, which
is propelled solely by the velocity Of
tho barrel in revolving.
1t will discharge a two ounce bail
threo hundred times a minute. Tho
range ls accurate up and down; bnt
tho balls are liable to hit wide Of tho
mark on one side or tho other. The
barre! revolves inside OF drnui,
made ut boiler iron, between five
aud ak feet in circumference, with
an opening where the balls are die.
charged. lts range ia not over one
hundred yards at best, and tho gun
can be worked 10 rs to discharge in
any direction. The whole thing
weighs i 700 pounds. aud 10 about
the size "f steam fire. engine. II
ID the opinion of our informant that
the gun does not warrant the expect.
ations oi the invent r, and that il il
not likely TO no OF much service
Ne,c Fork Tribune.
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10
All Hail! Wheeling.

WHEELING, May Am adjourn.
ed meeting Of the Merchants Of this
city, to take into consideration what
action should be taken in regard to
state license, met this afternoon.
The committee reported, setting forth
tho law in reference to this matter,
aud submitting the following reso
utions:
Re8oiued, That whilst we claim
to be, as we ever have teen, true
and loyal citizens to the state OF
Virginia. and obedient to her laws
and all demands which have been
made. or may be made upon us in
accordance therewi,h; we at the
same time hold ourselves TO be loyal
citizens of the United Statcs, and
we will maintain our allegiance To
the same as we have hitherto.
ReSoiued, That we are willing Ia
pay our license taxes in accordance
with the laws or Virginia, as long
ns Virginia shall remain one OF the
United States, but VIC are not will.
ing to pay any revenue to the pres
ent usurped government at Rich
mond, which, without the consent
OF the people of Virginia, and in
violation OF the state Constitution
has assumed to absolve us from our
allegiance to the United States gov
ernnent, and transfer it to the Con-
federate States.
ReS0tUcd, That we recommend the
Merchants of Wheeling and Ohio
county, to withhold the payment of
taxes on their business for the pres
ent.
The resolutions were unanimously
adopted, after which the Chairman
announced that the Commissioner
OF Revenue, to forwerd tins patriotic
undertaking had resigned his Office,
no assessment could be
made Three cheers were given for
the Commissioner, and q resolution
adopted to reimburse him, and pre-
sent fitting testimonial in appreci-
alton OF his course.
The meeting was very large, and
broke up with three cheers for the
Union now ard forever. The action
of the meeting created grea, excite
ment, and was disapproved on all
sides.
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10
rfom 80. Louts.

ST. Louis, May 1, The Csiso cor
respondent Of the Rpnbisc61. ssysss
about a dozen men belonging 10 The
Chicago company refused 10 take tAss
oath, and left the ranks. fII
Major, Geperai Bnckncf. Com
msndey.iniCbief oi the Kentucky
Militia had 4 ccbfeFe6cs WIN C0lo6ss
Pro otiss, Comma andefoftbs forces At
Cairo. 10 ygriyI,..,. n,;s7se9s at
There 10 much excitement at Pa,
ducah, Kentucky, aud com panies are
constantly drilling. Four pieces 7of
artillery had been received from
Nasbyilie. u ,,.,.c.4 ~, 4, .,yst,
II is understood that the Govern,
or OF Tennessee had made demand
upon the Governor Of Illinois, for the
arms and munitions taken from the
steamer HiAman. Tire boat has
been given to the owners and taken
to Paducsh.
The var feeling Is high. Al
Nashville several companies are
Iuf'hiux We nuu bikuts
A twonty four pounder and con-
sid rablc number Of troops are Sta
toned at Columbus, Kentucky
The town is carefully guarded and
strangers closely watched. Tho peo.
pie fear an attack from Cairo forces.
TIL. steamer Julius II. Smith
slipped by Cairo loaded with $50
Colts rifles for Paducah, Kentucky.
/ ID. III. Denison, Collector for this
port. forwarded his resignation to
Washington, yesterday. .,ti d,
Pensacola adviccs OF the oath, say
troops are working day and night on
batteries. Two com 1anies. jnst ar.
rived from New Orleans are erecting
three-gun batteries Tor the defense Of
Pensscols. .
Galveston dates to tho 26th, say
that active military preparations are
going on throughout Texas. Major
Neutrality-suspicious. for the front.
ier were mustered into service at
San Antonio on tho 25th. Batter.
les were being erected ut Galveston.
Gen. Bliss and Quitnsn will soon
he garrisoned with Texas troops
Fifteen hundred volunteers we're en-
rolled at Galveston In four days.
One thousand more in the country
have offered their services. Zoo -''
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10
what should be Done at Cairo.

Why don't Gov. ates, of Illinois,
order every boat that p,sses C,iro
10 be ct pped, and all tho prov sions.
az well rs arms and ammunition.
taken Off The Nlis-issippi and
Ohio rivers are bleeding the North.
West to death by taking down to
sustain our enemies the provisions
they cannot obtai else whero. -
Cairo is point where this deadly
bleeding can be stopped at once. -
1t is folly to wait for an order OF the
general government. While it is
taking care OF itself, and OF US, as
well rs il can, we must take some
care OF ourselves. Our ships. boats
and dealers arc seized and robbed
in the South every day, without
hesitation or apology. We cannoI
see why wo should stand on cere
mony with them. Tho boats tina
pass Cairo have no place to land, n,
town to sell to, no trade to carry on
except with states armed against tn,
government, Tennessee is now NJ
openly hostile as Mississippi. Ar
kansas, as witness the boat robber,
at Helena the other day, is as bat
AS Louisiana. Above these state
|, there is no trade for one boat in
thousand that travels either river
=. A boat bound below Cairo ia, there
fore, bound to the enemy's country
= and it is right and Necessary that eli
y should be overhauled, and deprive
!, Of the means either to arm or fee
. the enemy. CAIRO, with it's batteries
d could reduce the whole secessio
y army to exceedingly slim allowanc
e in a month. Why is it not done!-
u This is no time to stand on techni,
alities and forms When a man
\ driving q knife to another's heart, /
- - don't wait TO bow and pass compl
. ments before drawing bis revolve
]. unless he wants to die. and preie
I'd to die on good terms with his mu
i, derer.
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10
The United States MILITARY Depot In
ti'hi ihh iDN Marylund. 5HfT' NH'T

/ u 1. IT IL La "a ~ .s
|, perryville, on the Easterly bsnl
Iof Susquel,sDns, directly opposite &
Havre de Grace, which has suddenly
ATTAINED 80 much Importance ss q
military depot, is a trifling village o
some half. dozen houses, on the Phil
adelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore
Railroad. Itis sixty one miles frou
Philadelphia, thirty three from Viii
mington, and thirty.seven from Bal
timore. pcrryville Is q place Of easy
access. both by land and water. -
1t Is not generally known that Havrc
de Grace. the large village imme
diately over the river from Peiryville
came within one vote of being
selected as the capital Il the Union.
The contest in Congress was between
that spot and little fishing town
on the. Potomac now known as
Washington. The latter won the
day through tho detection OF one oi
the Msrylsui ! Senators.
Perryville stands ut the spot where
the Susquehanna widens into Chesa
peake Bay, Que of the most beautiful
sheets Of water OIL the continent
Tho scenery around Perryville ia
very picturesque, though the village
itself is one Of tho dirtiest in the
Union. The water at Perryville is
deep enough to float the largest ves
sells. The river is little more than
a mile across. The land is rather
higher on the opposite bank thar or
the Perryville side. This feature
will readily strike a military eye
A rough earth work, erected on the
usvre side. and mounted with heavy
guns and mortars, would command
Perryville, and might readily sink
steamers employed in transporting
troops and munitions Of war. II
the government Intends to make this
spot an important military depot, it
must take and hold Havre DC Grace.
Besides access to Perryville by
railroad from Philadelphia, it can be
easily reached by steamers aud other
craft from that city coming down The
Delaware River and crossing III o lgh
the state CT Delaware to Chesapeake
Bay, by means of the Delaware and
chesapeake C,nal. The canal is
capable OF floating large vessels, is
enlirel y within The state OF Delaware,
and tonches the Chesapeake some
'ozrn or fifteen miles below Perry.
vile. 1t can easily be held BY
troops.
lcrryville, therefore, can be read.
;l!y reached by two inland aid easily
Projected routes. viz; 10y r ,ilwav al. |
canal. From It's whur.s vessels c IN =,
of course. proceed to sea, or to any
part ut Chesapeake Bay, to Anna
l,"iis, to Baltimore, to Norfolk, and
up tie Potomac to Washington. 1t
will be nrc,SSury to hold Perry,illc,
rs well ~ the railroad extending
from it + erly 10 the M4rylani
illne, by II strong military force, as
is in luct now being done. As the
var, for some time to come, is likely
10 he conliacd to the country on aud
near Chesapeake Bay, Perryvillc
will become "A very important base
OF operations, unless the railroad
line should be established between
ii and Baltimore. And even then
ii will bo Il valuable military depot
As It is now, its passenger aud
freight buildings atiorL very to!erab.c
barracks for troops.
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10

BL CXADe' AND TRgA1lEs. Some
feeling has been cansed by . dis-
patch from the Washington reporter
of the Associated Press respectiny
the compatibility of q blockade OF
the Southern ports with some Of our
treaties with foreign powers. The
whole matter is slmple enough.
Somc OF our tr - vide that ia
case we are =. ''ith foreign
pow,r and decide rm blockadinx
Ito porte. We must five u certain
number OF DAYS motto. to the other
party to the treaty. But this has
nothing to do with our domestic Of.
tsirs. ... "a
Oar Government can blockade
the ports OF a reLellious stats with
Just no inore notice to foreign pow
erS than it would give IL it wers 10
declare rebollious city under mar.
'laI law. A governments right TO
seli'proteci'on is paramount 10 ev-
,erv,hinS else. The only possible
difficulty would be that some foreign
power with which we have such s
treaty might choose TO regard tho
Southern Cunfederacy ss a de Jdoto
government, which, under preseps
clicum stances. il about as likely -
tnat the sun will set to night In tho
East Nfw York POst. 80 S'if
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10
DELAwARs,-A great change has
,,pa ovar The Eovarnnr nj No a uora

DELAwARs,-A great change has
emo over the Governor oil De aware.
A week ago he was understood to be
quietly tavoring the Secessionists,
and had no idea Of answering the
President's requisition. He now is-
sues a proclamation, in which he
concludes that lie has no power con-
ferred on him by law to answe such
requisition, so virtually declines on
that ground. But he recommends
the formation OF volunteer compan nies
for the defense OF the state, and says
that the companies will "have the
option oi ffering their services to
the general government, for the dc
tense Of it's capital, and the suppor
OF tho Constitution and laws OF III,
country" To defend tho capita
and support the laws are object,
quite comprehensive enough to sat
isfy any one. Governor Burton hs
probably heard from the North sine,
our previous advices.
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10

From Lancaster via rhiladel hia--A
Cincinnntian's Experience Of Camp
Life.
One Of the Cincinnati volunteers
in camp at Lancaster, writes a long
letter to the Philadelphia inquirer,
from which We make few extracts.
That tho wants OF tho outer man
have been we'll provided for is evi.
sent from the following statement:
We have clothing sutiicit Mt to last
ne now until the capitulation Of the
South, AMI, therefore, take as little
thought on that score as the lilies o
tho field. On Friday, a lot OF under
shirts, drawers, shoes and stocking,
arrived. All of US have not received
our overcoats yet, but calculate oI
getting them to morrow, Providence
willing. They are making them a
the Girard uouse in your city. ain
theyp
Tho morals Of tho "boys" appca
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10
10 be in an equally satisfactory con
lition. Siys the correspondent:

iition. S,ys the correspondent:
What shall ! tell you now Of our
various other amusemeuts, leaving
The squad drill sprouts entirely out
Of the question: Every man OF us
was presented with u pocket Bible
just before we left Cincinn att. and |
can tell yen we haven't pack OF
cards or single card player in our
company at this blessed. dreary mo
ment.
II they have no cards, the volun,
tcers are not wholly destitute OF
means Tor amusement. Ii seems
that they have taken to music. We
are informed that Private Stewar.
has violin, and tn 4 W. ii. II. Tay.
lor is one of the beat quartctte eing-
ers in the corps. In this connection
-asAAssn,lsit of tue Rover Guards
is worth quoting:
The other day, just after we had
pitched our tents ("pitched our
terts" is fsurative You know some.
body's magnanimity so far got the
better OF his judgment as to induce
him to send keg of lager as a pres
ent to our staff officers. Perhaps
the men on sentry duty were Rovers,
at any rate the Rovers got wind OF
the affair, and took advantage of
that wind to bo over z,alOus for
their own aggrandizeincnt. Ia plain
English, the lager was among tho
inissing-hors du combat, ii you
choose. Alter a little while, the 10.
tended lcgaiees discovered that their
supplies had been intercepted. Then
followed IA protracted search. ending
in the discovery Of the empty keg
1t was a rich scene (vlewed private.
y from hundreds Of obscure hooks
aud corners) to sec the epauletted
gentry shaking the cask and turning
it upside down, and doing every
thing else that human ingenuity
could suggest, in the vain hope OF
coaxing out the last drop OF the DC.
parted beverage.
The fare is not all that is to be dc.
sired:
Some Of ns grumble with an in.
conccivably mildewed expression Of
countenanco at the nnostentatious.
ness Of our fare-which nobody can
deny. But it is only few migrate
lul sybarites who forget ,ha, they
cannot servo their country ut the
same time. The cream Of tho joke
was, though, that when we reached
here on Thursday, We put up at the
bt st hotels and Jared AS sumptuous
y rs Dives could have wished
what with the satisfaction Of having
reached the end Of the aunt, and
what with that sauce -'iorgotten o.
ISnyer--an excellent appetite. AMI
30, my stars! what a terrible come
down it was to plain breaI AMI pork.
A man might drill till he drilled the
heels of his boots and not scare up
an appetite for such provender.
Here is tn" outline Of our bill o.
fare, the details OF which your i'm
aglnation can fill up. Hot coffee
and fresh brc'd every morning, (the
Lancaster bakers arc lining their
pockets with yellow boys.) boiled
pork with its attend mt evils for the
meridian, and jist as like as not bean
soup or something that way tor tea.
Every day tho changes are rung in
this quartetie.
The Hancock Jeffersonian. [volume] (Findlay, Ohio) 1857-1870, 1861-05-10

Ngw YORK. May 5.-The Hsr-
aids special dispatch ssys:
EllsSortl's Zouaves and .he Rhode
island Artillery are ordered 10
AL, xandris. $3.50
Ann o'l's AMI Baltimore and
iwenty-onc miles on each side OF
the track oi the Baltimore and Ohio
Railroad are II military depot. CON.
mahdrd b, General Butler. 90
All the b'idges destroyed sre 10
he repaired hy Wednesday. The
workman are to be aided by tho
people. e
says;
All but four companies OF militia
have been discharged. ss .,vsy
A member of the Police Boari
admits the reception OF 1000 rifl.s
by the Secessionlsis from HASpss's
Ferry. .ets1M