The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-03-21
UNITED STATES OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES

"ASHlNGToN, March 20.-Mr. HALE introduced
resolution that the Senate adjourn SINE J;s GU
Saturday next. Laid over-The resolution nf
Mr. douglas was taken up.-Mr. BAYARD said
since his coming into the Senate no word had eHor
Deen uttered by him to ferment sectional etr;fa
lie was devoted to the maintenance of our govern
ment- The resolution of the Senator from Illinois
wa: .~olold-caliing first for facts, and then for
actlon upon those facts. He analyzed the doc
trne OF secession, and held that it was NOT re-
served right, but an act of revoluti by ORGAN
zeu communities. compact could NOT he an
nuea except by the consent of all the parties and
therefore the secession of the Southern States
was an act of revolution. This was instif
cauon Tor war If the general government chose to
resort to 1T. The government under the Constitn
eon naa the right to compel the fulfllment of the
compact, but experience had shown that coercion
unaer our system, would not answer The DacIo
raioh OF independence not the act of the whole
people as one community, but of the colonies "a
separate powers They were united only by a com
mon danger, and in the Congress voted as Stetas
the State of Delaware casting an enraI vota I,i,b
New orK. state sovereignty was fully and clear
ly recognized. In support of these views Mr. Pa
a. tu ciseu coplousy from various authorities In
Tue oIa articles CT confederation the SOVEREIGNTY of
the States was distinctly recognized. bnt in tba
constitution afterwards it was provided tbot
that instrument could only be CHANGED in a nort;o
M uraI way, ana, until thus changed was binding on
an al the states. 1t could not, therefore he danied
that the States sovereign when thew fron,od
the Constitution, and sovereign now eycant to AZ
extent to which they had delegated power to the Fad
erai Goverment. He did not believe the coercion
ol STATE was ever contemplated so long as she re-
malned in the Union, but if State was 1ecognizod
as as out OF the Union war, might be waged aeainst
ner as against any other foreign power. In this
country the military power was never designed to
tior te usea ae as primary power for the execu-
lion OF the law, but subsidiary to the
civil power. The only coercion contemnIatad
py the Constitution that of the mog;s
tracy against the individual citizen The 90.
cesslon OF the Southern States was breach
OF compact, and like the violation of treaty n;ht
be just cause for war, but only upon that oronnd
could the use of force be justified This govern
ment had now only to choose between war and no
gotatlon with the seeded States. In suhstonca
Mr. DayaId contended: lst, that secession was not
d reserved right belonging to State, but was rev.
outlon I'd, that coercion ofa State by the federal
government was unconstitutional 3d. that the
states were sovereign, but secession was a viola
tlon OF the compact, and might be resented bv the
ieuerai government like any other violation of
treaty. In regard to the power of the Presi
dent to treat with the Commissioners of the South
ern err Contederacy, he believed in its existence,
though it was not granted in EXPRESS terms
The right of the President. and Senate to mako
treaties was unlimited. If by treaty thew could
acquire territory, they might in the same way part
with 1t with the consent of the States interested
H. as in the case of the treaty with Great Britain
eeeI co1,u give up territory, why not in the case
OF OF the Confederate States of the South? Those
states were ready to treat, had expressed their de-
sire to leave the Union-why could not the Federal
government by treaty assent to that desire? Ifwar
TOOK place 1t was admitted they could then make a
treaty. Why could they not make it before? w as
the baptism of blood necessary? He argued at
length to show that the government had the power
TO recognize the withdrawal of the seeded States
anu 10 treat with them without the Intervention of
Congressional action. Congress had the mower IN
make war, but the treaty y-making power rested
with the President and Senate After an Execu
tive session the Senate adjourned