The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1861-03-25

we do not suppose, indeed, but wha It we can b.
as good friends as BEFORE but unless the principle
accepted on TINS subject altogether false, the
connexion between the two countries must he weal-
ened, and the interchange of opinions as well n,
commodities, be somewhat disturbed That in
TACT, Is the most dlsagreeabe aspect of the whole
case. AS to the loss Of custom, we can soon make
that up. Our trade has now attained to such pro.
dlglous dimensions, that no single nation however
important, can materially affect it by tariffs or
legislation. We had striking illustration of the
lacC IN last years returns. Out of National bust
ness OF tl3O,O 100000, upwards of csc, 900 900 is
Tansacted with three principal customers-the
united States, the East Indies and Australia.
NV, III looO, tnese customers all rather fell off to-
geLher, lnasmuch that in place of E5I 900 900 our
GehVerles TO them represented only GAG 900 O0O-
ror all this, however, when the balances came to
be be struck, it was found that the aggregate trade
OF the year had been better than that of ts nrade
cessor, and that fl30, 900 900 had risen 70
! Ll35 100000. South America bought IargaIv Of
us-to the extent in fact, of nearly GI2 600 6OO.
! Italy increased her demands, did Turkey also
! and it is obvious enough that the first two at any
rate, OF these may advance rapidly in the path of
| progress and trade.
We feel, therefore, that if the people of the Uni
teu states should refuse to purchase in markets
what 1t is for their interest to buy and iftbev
should decide upon manufacturing for themselves
Ine artcies which we could send them at less
price ana OF a better quality, they, and they only
~ '' sne loserS' We shall find customers else
ue WIT 90 iong as we offer the best bargains we
shal maintain our trade and the conspnnencas ofo
mistaken policy will fall upon tho AmorioorooIolI -
80 inGy Will VIII snow the world that purely Democrat
ic Government can repudiate PRINCIPLES confessoSI
laentihed with popular interests thev will increosa
tne materials for that sectional conflict which has
already almost destroyed them and thew will
plunge deliberately into errors which ey-n9riona
has everywhere condemned and from which tLo
states OF the Old World are gradually and success
fully escaping.
From lie Times City Ariic1cJ
Inc news from America to-day of the impending
OF TariT 70
70 the prospects of the United States than ANYTHING
that could have been apprehended from the dis
union movement. There are many who were dis.
posedi to believe that freed from its barassinr
complications with the Slave States the North
would make more rapid strides than had vet been
witnessed even on that Continent and that the
south, no longer irritated By the interference of
Aoontionlsts, might, at the same time, gradually
ADOPT those improvements in her institutions
Whlch would never be conceded to external inau-
ence 1t was possible, therefore, to take even
sangulne view of the future in the midst of all ev
lstlng embarrassments. But the new tariff bill is
equal to retrogreSsGn of half century Not
only are Its provisions with regard to a larpa
number oil the leading articles of importation a6-
soiutely prohibitory but it is framed with such in
trlcacy as to render trade almost impossble Every
condition, in fact, has been framed with the
aVowed object of "preventing'' imnortations. But
although, II 1T be carried out, it will mt almost
stop TO several large branches of European exporta
tion the measure need cause little apprehension on
TINS side. The population of the United States are
already employed to their utmost. Indeed labor is
the great want of the country. ConseouentIv thev
cannot enter upon the task of supplying themselves
with those goods hitherto obtained from Europe
without abandoning some other and more suitable
KIND OF occupation. This abandonment will have
TO be made up by an increased cultivation in other
countries of the articles neglected in America and
the countries thus benefited will take in return an
increased quantity OF the European comforts and
Injuries which the Americans prefer to manufac-
ture for themselves at double the expense This
at least, would be the result, supposng the Ameri,
cans could carry out their plans. But there never
was territory favorable for the Operat ations of
the smugger, and the probability is that, under
Sucn auspices, the country may receive a suppIy of
foreign goods larger than at any previous time
- school OF weIl-organized law-brcakers will most
lIKely be found to flourish amid the complaints of
government at falling revenue, and the cry of
bankrupt manufacturers for some new remedies
against an unseen competition. In estimating
It's It's ehectS here, orr people must also bear in mind
tEat although our exports to America amount to
LzV,oVo,OOO per annum, 4 large portion of
these are to the slave States. The amount
OF the expectation, also, must not be confound-
ed with the profits upon it,, which probably NAV
be taken at 100000 If we do not supply the
Americans with goods, the imported materials for
Such goods are either not wanted or they are avail
aoe Tor the manufacture of goods for other coun-
tries. Happily 1.-The commercial operations of the
world are now too large and varied for the mad
introduction of a prOhbtOry system in anv single
nation, however important to have much effect on
the interests OF European manufactures.
THE NEW TARIFF EXPLAINED.
ofFlCiAL CIRCULAR FROM THE SECRETARY OF THE
TGEAsUEY-DuTIEs, wAREHoUslNG AND ALLOWANCES.
Inc secretary OF the Treasury has issued the
following important explanatory circular in rela.
tlon to the new Tariff law
"TKEAsURY DEPARTMENT, March 20, LSGl.
''Sr As numerous inquiries have been made
respecting various provisions of the Tariff act of
March 2 1861, it is deemed proper to state for your
information and government as well the infor-
nation of Others concerned the views in part en-
tertalneQ m thp pgri,i
"All questions of liability to duty or exemption
thereirom, of merchandise imported under the pro-
visions of the new Tariff, and questions as to the
rates CT duty thereon, will be determined in ac-
cordance with the provisions of the 5th section of
the Tariff act of 1857, which section will in the
opinion of this Department. still remain in force on
and alter the lSt proximo unrepealcd and unmodi-
fed.
"The clause in the Tariff act of 1861 repealinp
such OF existing laws as are repugnant to its pro-
visions, Is not considered to change or modify the
~arehOusng or appraisement laws and regulations
now in force, except in particular, which is
that In cases where bill of lading is presented
showing the day OF actual shipment certified to by
Consular officer Of the United States such date
in lieu of the period of expectation prescribed by
existing laws, shall be the date at which the for
elgn market value Of the merchandise shall be
estimated and ascertained by the appraisers, in
order to the assessment of ad uGlorcn duties
"ln the case of merchandise actually on shin
board and bound to the United States on or before
the 18th inst, and of merchandise board of YES
sells in port on the st of April next where the YES
sells have been regularly entered at the custom
house. the owners or importers of such merchan.
disc will be permitted to enter for consumption or
warehOusing al the rates of duty now existing. or
if the rates of duty on the merchandise are lessened
by the tariff of 1861 they NAV at their ontion an
ter at the lesser rates The Same nriveFo viii h
extended to all merchandise in public Store mn.
claimed on the lst proximo, when entered for CON
sumption or wareb0usinp in pursuance ofIaw. and
all merchandise in warehouse under bond ON Tho
Ist proyimo will he entitled to ontrr For itb
drawal at rates of dntv now oyistinG' nv # tho
rates of duty on the MERCHANDISE are 'Iassanad hv
the tariff of 1861 the entry thereof The on.
lesser rates.
"In allowances on account of tare draft &C. on
goods subject to specific duty under the new tariff
officers of the customs will be governed by the pro-
visions of the 5Sth and 59th sections of the Gene
raj Collection ACT of March 2, 1899, which are
again brought into operation.
al am, very respectfuy
as. p. Chase, Sec'y of the Treasury.
"Augustus SChell, ESD, Collector, &C., New
York"
NC ioi'o" ins Is tne Stctoh o' 'he law OF loo'J
referred to IN MIR. Chase's letter:
Sec. 5. And be it further enacted That on the
entry of anv goods wares and merchandise imnort-
ed on and after the first dav of July aforesaid the
decision of the collector of the customs at the mort
of importation and entry as to their liability 70
duty, or exemption therefrom shall be final and