The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-03-09


t0A
restored to the councils u the country, but
the agitation OF the subject OF slavery then commenced
has ceased and 10 not difficult TO trace to that
period through long line Of closely connected events
The origin Of our present troubles.
INDIAN TROUBLES IN GEORGIA-ls25.
From the earliest periods Of the colonial settlements it
had been the policy Of the government by successive
purchases Of their territory TO the Indians fur
Their and further to the West Under this policy in
the Northern and Middle States they had be-
come nearly extinct in the South and West
they still remained and formidable, and owned
vast bodies Of land-n Georgia. nine half million OF
acres; In Alabama seven and a half mion In Missls-
eipp fifteen and three quarter Millions in the Territory
Of Florida four Millions in the Territory Of Arkansas
fifteen and half millions; In the State OF Missouri two
millions and threequarters; in Indiana and Illinois, If
teen millions, and in Michigan, east Of the lake,
millions All these States naturally anxious to get
possession Of these lands and be relieved Of the unwel
red within their limits Georgia held the United
States bound by compact 10 relieve her. by which tho
general government agreed consideration of Georgia
distinguishing her claim TO the Mississippi Territory, TO
lands i" whenever IL could be peaceaby done and upon
reasonable terms" Since making that agreemen. the
government had extngushed the title to about fifteen
Mon acres, and conveyed the same to the State or
Georgia. There still remained 537 000 the pos
session Of the Indians Of which 600 belonged
70 the Cherckees and the remainder the Creek nation
Shortly before The termination Of Mr. Monroes admins
tration the State became very urgent for
she entire emovsl Of Inaans and a, the solicit. alton
u the Governor two CommissO-ens appointed TO
make treaty with the Creeks for the purchase OF their
lands. This was treaty negotiated on the 18th OF
February 1875, the lannon's Chief, General William Mcln
tosh signing IN the presence Of Mr. Croxel THE United
States Indian Agent, by which all the Crock county aud
several million Of in Alabama coded to the
United States Complaints followed to Washington as
having been concluded by Mcintosh without the auho
opposed, but was finally carried by the strong
vote Of thirty-four to four. This sanction on
produced great excitement and counci, or the
nation being called, thy resolved not to accept the
treaty The death Of Mcintosh Determined on, and
the 30th OF April his house was surrounded By party
who shot him and another Chief and burned his pre-
mises.
mining TO execute the treaty at all hazards, by taking
Of the ceded territory controversy resulted
between that State and the general government. The
new President, Mr.. Adams, became impressed that the
treaty had been made without due authority and that its
execution ought not to be enforced aud sent Geo Gaines
in fame at this view Of force and the neighborng
States sympathized with her. hcanwhiie, the
President treated further and assembling the head men
Of Creeks at Washington, In January, 1926 concluded
treaty, which was substituted for the old one,
whereby ali the lands Georgia ceded, but
IN Alabama. notwithstanding the opposition Of the
Georgia cation in Congress- the treaty was
tined p ne an The we're b
the House Of representatives by vote OF one hundred
and sixty seven TO ten.
carried into effect after delay Of quarter
Of century, and after great and just complaint on tho
part OF Georgia. the compact between that state and the
This disturbance was In O measure renewed in 1880,
when III, Indians clamei TO be independent re )pe
under the trc,ty but by the energetic action Of the
Georgia Legislature 1t was speedily queed and order
restored.
THE MULTIPLICATION TROUBLES OF 1882.
Few events of a legislative character disturbed
tho general than did those growing ont Of
the celebrated Tariff question: and finally resulting In the
passage by South Carolina OF what have since been
known the Notification resolutions OF 1882.
The agitation OF this question commenced In the year
1925 the bill introduced in Congress that year being
chiefly the work Of manufacturers and politicians and
designed for the benefit Of the woolen interest," but
eventually made include sufficient ssrisy OF
featuring givc the strength necessary its
introduced in the politics Of the day u became an
administration measure and an Issue IN the Presidential
contest between President Jackson and Mr. Adams The
South believing itself impoverished 70 enrich the North
by this SYSTEM strongly manifested their opposition aud
The topic which became the leading feature Of the debate
which followed, Tin which Daniel Webster, OF Massacu
@ets and Mr.. Hayne, OF South Carolina tho cham
pion speakers) that OF notification, the right Of
state to annu a act OF Congress.
About this time, April 49, $780, the anniversary OF the
birthday Of Thomas Jefferson was celebrated by pu
nnerous company at Washington city, among whom
che President and Wee President OF the United States
several members Of his Cabinet and numerous attend
Ance Of the members OF Congress. With the promuga-
tionof the feeling began to spread that the
dinner got up 10 nangnrate the doctrine OF pulaca
mon and make Mr.. Jefferson It's father, he being the
author Of the celebrated Kentucky resolutions Of i7os
which the idea was claimed TO have been aEst set
fersh and which have been hereinoeiore qnoted.
and the festivy When the regular ioasts
worcover the President called upon for volunteer
and gave one which has since become historical.
l-1ur Federal Union--it mustlse preserved" Under
the peculiar circumstances Of the cascths feeling that
had found In South Carolina sud elsewhere in that
secsssn and the excited state Of tire public mind gene
erasy, tbw simple sentiment was received ~
proclssnalion frcm tho President TO plo.
against Tic Union. Tho by Mr. Calhoun
and 10 did notify any means alay to suspicious which
exslsa ~ 70 co. sr,s the mos, dear Nav
we all remember that only be by respect
ing tie rights cfhe stses and dstribnsng equally the
n,cpe6k arl< burthen Of The tnion.'
In the lsrrusge OF Thomas L. Benton, who pre-
.nt "ths <oast touched a., the tender parts Of the
COW question--lberty befsre union-esy to be
preserved stase rights, inequality or brrthens aud
benefits 1hcsS phrases connecting themselves with
M Hlyns ,o sa v wM nus soa as new
aud doctxtnc In the un<cd states, and 0e exist
ence q now party N slafnee - :, ,,w.roa a.. a0..s
uror some articles, hpt 4. was Car from moessg the
wishs ,Os Georgia and abe Carolins5 They regarded
only from tL North, and nearly resolved
TO threw of the sovereign ~ Of the confederation
comiaNes: which WA. 7Psointed Ine nesapre
rus co,sraot origrpv o.ss M, Ses seen The peors
Of tho dexent States distnct and Independent sovs-
ientes ulat sen any violation 81 the spirit Of that
npac took place II not only The right Of the peo
pic but OF the State Legislatures 10 demonstrate inst
~ chat the FEDERAL government responsible 70 the
state Legislatures whenever II assumed powers not
conferred that l<tandiug tribunal was appoint
ed under the constellation decide Controversies where
the United States wNsn party there were ques.
tons tha. must oocur ecvsrnment and the
states whish would be nnsifc 20 submit any judicial
tribunal and finally that there WIS peculiar pro iety
In state Iegaaturea undertaking to decide foy scIf
nasmuoh as constitution hsc soi provided any rene
dy -. !
The excitement appeared 70 be direc"d less asainH
the az Ipstrsiiop ard rated more npcn the law