The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-02-10

peudence dc TaaO and not de jurs title shown IN
every page Of diplomatic history 10 blockso tho
entire coast Of the Southern States in the only way now
advisable according the recognized principles Oh
national law 10 clearly beyond the ability OF our ,ss
navy; the United States, OF all Powers the Ass
70 attempt revive the system Of paper blockade now
universally by pubiicists and wncn, wnon
put TO IN H. British orders in council ana rIencl
deere rs il u our greatest honor 70 have resisted.
On the o her hand, IL most unfortunate -as, uns
deter that II was duty protect the PUBIC pro
his Secretary Of War the rrosoons nav ny
antc the danger Of ooS,0n r,o I' the sec,,on
and when IL could have been done without peing con-
70 the states, aaequn'e salIs u
ali times 10 be no more than ordinary prudence ro
oures that our ssenals and forts should not be do
and 70 be seized either in Of
domestic instruction foreign invasion. should any
cause OF hostility between US and France, such
prtg his troops that every strong position the
board might be garrisoned by him almost before the
declaration Of was known at Washington.
The distracted condition Of the kG Of the Neither
lanes from lis establishment by the Congress OF Vienna
1915 till the separation Of Holland ana belgium, con-
sequet on the French revolution OF 1880, conrasted
with the subsequent prosperity Of both portions,
precedent which, II II does not reconcile us TO disme-
bel ment of the Union may least mitigate in de-
gree an event which may render ineva
pe. In the case cited, there was difference IN Ian,
guage and sels'on as wen On cSasysd
10 be shown 10 the commercial and navigation
interests Of the Dutch over the manufacturing
be compensated for by participation in the colo
MES However Illuminating it would be TO those who
belonged to great nation 70 be degraded 70 the
level of citizens of the petty Sodth American republics
there reason to believe that the establishment OF
two confederacies if peaceaby effected would seriously
njure material prosperity Of either. II woui, IN
deed afford the South those facilities for indefinite ex
panson required b. the character Of their servle popu
laton and the laws Of natural Increase but which are
denied 70 them by the prejudices OF the North Those
who have any apprehension that New York would suffer
by dissolution of the onion may find consolation
In n late
de din where the comparative advantages OF small
and great States are ably discussed the
reorganization Of the Turk sh provinces as Christian
States and the establishment OF Constannope US Tree
port .., =,
My object however, is not to attempt TO reconcile the
country ACKNOWLEDGMENT, but, while preerrng even
that to civil 70 suggest whether the measures nth
erto discussed have been such as adopted would give
permanence to a system OF government connected with
all patti lotto aspirations seems to me that none OF
the propositions before Congress directed TO the real
difficulty Of the There have been no usurpations
by the Legislature the judiciary OF not delegated
to them has there been any State enactment for
which there not competent remedy under the const
tuition
The Personal Liberty bills, as well the attempts
to interfere with the Fugitive Slave law opposed as they
the spirit Of the constitution rather the causes
OF irritation than the Of real injury In the only
instance which State Court attempted TO make them
perative which under the law Of Wisconsin,
there eectual rposon the part OF the Su
preme Court of the United States
The South have already in the opinion Of the highest
tribunal eectua sanction their equal rights in the
Territories and should there be doubt AS To the d
technical the Scott there
question the Of the Court would be the
10 whatever form the point might be presented.
The real difficulty is the danger to be apprehended
from exclusively sectional Executive II was the late
Presidential election which aroused the hostile feelings OF
the North and south and eectua remedy can be APP
piled which does not put end a concentration OF
power in single individual liable be perverted to the
promotion Of special interests and which in other
specs is wholly inconsistent with the character of our
political system We not prepared 10 yield our long
cherished views to the sufciency OF democratic inst
for every branch OF the government but thepre
bx~a In haI la pf Va
the continuance Of the Union dependof the heir 10
constitutional monarchy, whose ministerial responsible
ty Subjects through the House OF Commons, al execu
tive to the perpetual control Of public sentiment
possibly have created in minds reflections at
variance with what till recently has been the universal
Practically the President enjoys during the tenure of
his Office extent OF authority not possessed by any So
vereign ChrsteDdom Unlike the government of the
mother country where the concurrence of the Ministry
and Of the Legislature is essential to the transaction OF
ordinary business and where want OF confidence IN the
administration nstantancously followed by resigna
ton attempt has been made under constitu
cCmpel the Presto his Cabinet to retire from
the mnistraton by refusal the ordinary sup
plies Now strange as II may seem, in all the agitation
of the present day no proposition put forth
by those who consider the sectional character Of
President whose election, moreover to be ascrbed to
want Of unaninaty among his opponents sufficient
ground for the extreme remedy Of dissolution OF the
Union. t..t
Besides having the initiative all matters Of foreign
policy, with all legislative acts which although
nomDay qualified has always proved efficient, and for
the exercise Of which, well Of an other matters
council (he Of departments being directly rcspon
sibe and removable by him. the President has the
sole control OF the army and navy ami may employ them
al his discreon either against the Indians or To
favor Of domestic policy which he may choose
to advocate. Through the Post Office he may permeate
every part Of the country by incendary publications
affecting its vital interests But II Is especially in the
distributor Of patronage that Executive surpasses
all other potentates Ia all the countries Of Europe ap
pointment To Office follows certain administrative rules
seldom or never deviated FROM and which subject TO
rigid examination the employees at home well those
who enter diplomatic career.
II is recognized part Of the common law Of nst
tutions that all the officers from the highest to the
lowest should be in the market every -four years The
members Of the national conventions which, though I'M
known to the constitution, are most important part Of
our political machinery, are appointed at least at
the lorth with little regard to their ability
10 select competent canaiiates, but with view
the patronage Of the incoming Exc
cutive as wen in reference to public contracts
Offices. At first II susnt in order to be deem
ell igbe to appointment, belong u the dominant
party but hat obsolete, and TO the politician
who has not been able guess before the ballot has de-
temined the result who would be the successful aspi
Nor is the Presidential craftsmanship confined to Of
ices under the United States, but 1t Is made to operate
indirectly even on State and municipal appointments;
ana IN consequence OF the degradation To which public
lie has been brought through this system Of patronage
the legislative career regarded in every other
stitutona government the appropriate avocaon OF
the enlightened and elevated classes has ceased To
great extent To be at the North object Of honorable
ambition.
Nothing could do more 10 ALLEVIATE the two sections
than the speeches addressed u popular assemb dur
ing Presidential campaign AZ the North, by the minis
the doctrines of the Divine Author OF their faith but the
practice If those 10 whose pety their peculiar
CARNATIONS their existence have refused 10 knecl
at the same affairs with Shareholders, the occasion ID
certainly taken ay anage Of to deuonnce their southern
brethren than thieves and murderers Not
~ nave village demagogues IN search ol petty offices,
stimulated the preudices Of their bearers against the
institutions Of fifteen States, but u s not surprising
that the South should feel particularly sensitive in hay
ing the eisre Executive patronage OF the Union In the
hands u those who have proclaimed against them q
rrepressible conflict" THIS feeling, however honestly
when power attain ID, they may attempt avert, has
attained deep place the sentiments of tho
to be readily eradcated.
The suggestion sometimes made without due roicc
ton extending the Pres dental term, would II is Ub
yious increase instead Of diminishing the evils referred
to- IL would either make the contest when occurred
more intense, popular chief Installed for
ten years Il would be very extraordinary II the PEG
pie should DE called again their votes unless.
IN the Of the NapOcOns give the sanction
OF universal suffrage 20 the assumption OF tine imperial
dignity. At all events il would withdraw for a period
practically indefinite that popular supervision Of the Ex
ecuve which is regarded the CHARACTERISTIC OF the