The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1861-08-13

The great Lord CHAraAx, while he dsprs-
catAd the madness of that policy which fnally
drove the Colonies ia.o armed resistance, was
sehs mently opposed TO the'i existence as sepa-
rate and ind. per dent nation. His last speech
IN the House Of Lords was delivered In oppo-
si,ion to proposal to recognize the thirteen
Colonies as States. According to bis view, it
was tho true policy ,f Great Britain to keep
them in leading strings-to discourage
all attempts on their part TO establish man.
ufactoriss Of their own--to keep them for
ever dependent on the mother country for
every necessary of life that did not spring i'm
media.cly cut of the earth or the water, Or
that required the skill Of tho art;hcer to render
it fit for use. His ruling idea WAS, that Il .
British Colonies were useful to the British Ma
ton only In 80 far as they contributed to de-
velop and extend tho commercial system #
Great Britain. America WA great market
| for English productions. Il b.asted poFu-
lation Of nearly three millionf, and Of these
all were purchasers. 1t was suicidal policy,
| he thought, to imperil the continued existence
| of such market, merely for the purpose OF
establishing a precedent which he thought
| coula not be found in the Constitution, AID
which, even If il mad never bacn deAied, was
! Of doubtful expediency. 1t was these ccn.ii-
| er.tions which induced him to sxclsin, ia one
Of his speeches, with oil the vehenence of his
| ;mpassianed nature: america should nos be
allowed to manufacture even 30 much as d
| hob-nail.'
| Ia the course of seventy years under the
| Union, Federal legislation fully accomplished
| for the South tia. destiny wSieh Lord CHAT
ham in agined for the waole of tho British
possessions on tLis continent. ii literally be-
came colony Of the North--dcpendeIt upon
| the Yankees for everything bat the bread
which its inhabitants ate. Federal lcsiolatiou
| WAS shaped in such manner, as 20 render
nome competition with i&nkse manufacture,
| lit possible, and 10 prohibi, absolutely, all
competition from abroad. At the same inns.
| by the navigation laws passed for the bsneiit
| Of ankec commerce, We, CT the South, ware
made entirely dependent upon them for lie
| ,rausporsion OF our epoymous agricGIt.-a, pro
| duets, Comprising III V@l"e AooI HIND vi tho OK
| norts Of the nited States. Never vas there
| such market afforded to peopls a. taat
| yhieh the S.uth 81 .rded the fsnkeeg.--
| They paid no duties, and, by Federal 'osial,-
ton, all foreign competition was entirely Ell: ot
! They poured in tbsr cloths, eilicoes aud cotton
| and woo!len goods of every description, upon Us
| by the million Of yards and tho million Of dol
| lars worth. They exported our cotton, cur to
| bacco, our sugar, and our rics, charging a
| heavy per cen.ogs for the ob. They importsd
| for us all tho European goods it was permit
| ted us 10 use. By such a use OF our wealth
| they created al enormous c onmere., enrichin g
| themselves beyond the widest dreans Of ava
| r;ce. and rendering Southern direct trade an
absolute impossibility. New York, Phisadel-
| mia. and Boston, have all grown TO their pre-
| sent proportions by means Of Southern trade
| Nor this alone New England hes grown fat
| upon the cotton of the South to degree
| which would have bsen inconceivabis to
| generation which had not Witnessed its pros
| perity or was ignorant Of the means by which
| it was achieved.
To plain minds, it would seem that arAse
| dom ought to have rested contentsd with al
| these advantages. What could nation az
| shopkaepsrs and manufacturers wish furtaer
! They had 81 immense country--'h- Iii s. pro
| ductiye in the wor,d--tritutaIy to thsIs-
| They had market for everything they couii
| manufacture, ready to their bands Tbcy lad
absorbei the entire trade cf the subject couH-
| try--it could carry on none except With to ~
selves. The manner in which they contriTed
| to dives themselves Of all thess advanta gcs,
| while it offers g striking commentary uron 'hs
folly of that species of controversy which Is
| usually described by slang writer's SIS the quar-
| rel of 9 man With his own bread sad butter
arsthe same time opens one of the most in
structive chapters to be found in the pago 81
history.