davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07
The Confederate Situation.

1t was famous victory the rebels got
at Manassas, but it must be rather diff
cult question with them what to do with
it Should they remain behind their en-
trenchments, the case only remains in sta
tu quo. The power of the North is not
broken at all, for it has not yet begun to
use it. 1t has not even lost as many men
as it captured in Western Virginia. 1t
has been trying to carry on the war with
out any disturbing draft on its resources.
All that is requisite is to knos the means
that are required, and they will be fur
nished. We have been too economical here
tofore; but for that reason we have all our
means yet on hand, and they will be fur
nished on demand.
But the Confederates have been burn
ing the candle at both ends from the first
-impressing men, seizing crops, and fore
ing loans By thus making everything in
the country subject to the dcspotism that
rules it with reign of terror, they have
displayed great energy. DespOtism al
ways does display greater energy than a
constitutional Government in the begin
ming of war. and especially despOtism
might that has practically held the whole
Of the Secession States under martial law
from the first. But energy which impress
es laborers, crops. teams and money into
the army, cannot hold out long. 1t is the
killing of the goose for the sake of pre-
mature golden egg.
If the Confederates stay behind their
intrenchments, the two hundred thousand
men which they probably have in the field
will eat them up. If driven by the ne
cessities of their situation, and embolden-
ed by their success at Manassas, they at
tempt an offensive movement, battle In
the open field will show very different re-
suit from one in which they were protect
ed by strong Notifications. Nor can they
reduce their force by disbanding their men
in the face of our constantly increasing
numbers and preparation. They have got
their prize elephant. If they keep it on
hand it will soon eat up their means. If
they send it North, we shall capture it
If they turn it out to grass at home we
shall harch on them In the mean time
the Vessels now in preparation will seal
their fsrts hcrmetically, the sea is already
becoming too warm for their privateers,
aud they have the standing consolation
that our march on them with an over
whelming force is only question of time
for our preparation; and in season for the
shipment of the present crop of cotton We
shall dispose of all questions as to the
blockade of the cotton supply by opening
the principal cotton port in the legitimate
way. Then the cotton which the Confed-
crates say the British and French Govern
ments are buying at New Orleans, will
find an outlet which the Confederates can
not dispute, and which will relieve all
their solicitude on this questiOn.-Cin.
GG-ette. .-
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07
Commercial Value of Insects.

Who thinks of it? And yet, in the e
conomy of nature, of what immense i'm
pOrtance they are in all seasons, every
naturalist knows, while in commerce the
amount derived from them is astounding.
We have no figures to produce in regard to
our own trade. for our statistics do not
reach that higlr-state of perfection which
will admit of it; but Great Britain pays
annually Sl,00O.O00 for the dried carcas-
ses of that tiny insect known as the cochl-
neal; while another, also peculiar to In
dia, gum shellac, or rather its production,
is scarcely less valuable. More than l.
500, 600 human beings derive their sole
support from the culture and manufacture
of the fbres, spun by the silk-worm, OF
which the annual circulating medium is
said to be S2OO,000 In England alone,
we say nothing Of the other parts of Eu-
rope. 100000 are spent every year Tor
the purchase of foreign honey, while the
value of that which is native is not men
toned: and all this is the work of the bee;
but this makes no mention Of 10000
pounds of wax imported every year. Be-
sides all this. there are the galinuts. used
for dying and making ink; the canthari-
des. or Spanish fly, used in medicine. In
fact. every insect is contributing. directly
or indirectly. in swelling the amount Of
our commercial profits. Even those. which,
in some cases, prove plague and become
destructive. have their place in the economy
of nature, and prevent worse.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07
Practical Joke of a Chicago Fire
ZnnaVe.

A member of the New York Fire Zeu-
aves who went from this city to join Col.
Ellsworth in April, and who. until then,
had been in industrious typo in the Chica-
60 Tribune Office, was out on picket duty
one day last month, when the following in
cident occurred: @
An F. T. ", with rather more than the
usual supercilliousness of his race. rode up
in carriage from the direction of Alexan-
dria, driven of course by his "servant. >
Zoo-zoo stepped into the road, holding his
bayOnet in such way as to threaten horse,
negro and white man at one charge, and
rOared out '.TICKETSi" Mr.. V. turned
up his lip, set down his brows, and by 9TH
er gestures indicated his contempt for such
mud-sills as the soldier before him, ending
by handing his pass over to the darkey
and mOtiOning him to get out and show it
to Zoo-zoo.
"All right" said the latter, glaneing at
it, "move on''-accompanying the remark
with jerk at the coat collar of the color
ed person, which sent him spinning several
PAGES down the road. "NOw sir, what do
you want?" addressing the astOnished
white man. &
White man had by this time recovered
his tongue: "Want? 1 want to go on, of
course. That was my pass"
Cant help it, replied Zoo; sit says
pass the bearer, and the bearer IS already
passed You can't get two men through
this picket on one mans pass
Mr. V. reflected a moment, glanced at
the bayonet in front of him. Sand then call
ed out to his black man to come back
SambO approached cautiously, but fell back
in confusion when the shooting stick was
brandished towards his own breast.
Where's Jour pass, sirrah?" asked Zoo
zoo. ..-
Here, massa," said the chattel, presen-
ting the same one he had received from the
gent in the carriage.
Wont dc" replied the holder of the
bayonet. That passes you to Fairfax.-
Can't let any one come from Fairfax on
that ticket. MOVE on" A stamp on the
foot sent Sanbo down the road on a hand
gallop.
Now, sir, if you stay here any longer,
1 shall take you under arrest to head quar-
ters," he continued
Mr.. V. grabbed up his lines, wheeled
around, and went off at the trot his hor-
ses could manage over the "sacred soil. y
NLotIo, C,,,bo o,-o,. l,,,to1 his mo cfor Nv,
is not known.-ChieagO P6per.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07
Training Artillery Horses.

The Fortress Monroe correspondent of
the New York Commercial Adcertiser
says-It requires considerable time to
mount the guns properly for an advancing
army. to supply them with trained horses,
and especially the right kind of harness.
The horse is curious, shy, inquisitive an
imal, and when first taken from the stable
or pasture, for the strategic purposes of
war, demand to be handled with great care
and patience. He must be gradually ac-
customed to the sudden and marked change
in his StatuS-the CLEAN Of arms, the roll
of drums, the Haunting of banners, the
flash, the smoke and the roar of cannon.
1t is remarkable, however, that when the
practical war-horse is thus drilled and dis
ciplined his proficiency in wheeling with
guns and cannons at the critical moment
of limbering and unlimbering light artllle-
ry, is wonderful. Without a word, with
out touch, without sign from man, he
wheels, advances and retreats with almost
miraculous rapidity-at times compelling
riders and gunners to spring to keep their
saddles or escape his lightning like evOlu-
tions.
''Such war horses as these are intended
to be, have been practicing before the
window of your correspondent on the pa
rade ground of the Fortress this morning.
Some few of the more recent comers reared
and sprang a little at. the first flashes and
thunder of the cannon, while others stood
as firm as the adjacent trees, and looked
on as calmly as if they were feeding from
a rack. At the close of the firing, some of
them were marched to the muzzlc of the
still hot and smoking gun, and made to
put their nostrils close to the metal, feel
the heat and iuhale the smell of the pow
der. They are thus taught to become on
familiar terms with their new and strange
acquaintance and fellow soldier, to meas
ure his length with their eyes, and feel
that his touch, at their riders command,
is rendered harmless" !"
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07
The Blunder at Bulls Run-Who is
Responsible.

The Albany Evening Journal of Mon
day contains Washington letter from
ThurloW Weed, which substantially cor
rOborates the statements in regard to the
overruling of Gen. Scott previously made
by Mr.. Raymond of then. Y. Times. Mr..
Weed refers to the plan of the campaign
as perfected by the veteran Scott, and
shows the influences which wrought the
change of programme and made the disas-
trous movement on Manassas, not mill
tary, but a political necessity. After
sketching the early history of the move
mentS of the Government, Mr.. Weed thus
proceeds to answer the question-"WhO
is responsible for this great National Dis
aster?''
Lieut. Gen. Scott, in DISCHARGE of the
duty as Commander-in- Chief of the Army,
conceived and perfected a Plan or Pro
gramme by means of which he confidently,
as the results of Summer and Fall Cam
paign, anticipated the overthrow of the
Confederate Army, and thus virtually to
end the rebellion.
This Plan, primarily, contemplated
Camps of instruction, where raw leVie:
might, during the months of june, July
and August, be subjected to Discipline
and Injured to service, sending the Regi
ments. as they became fit for duty, into the
Field, making room, as they departed, fol
green Organizations.
With his disposable force (after the safe
ty of the Capital assured) Gen Scott CON-
menced operations at Fortress Monroe,
near Harper's Ferry, and in Western Vir-
ginia, the latter point being most faYora-
bic, profting, as no other section did, by
the cooperation and sympathies of loyal
inhabitants. With Washington for his
base of operations, the Western wings Of
his Army were to feel and fight their way
Southward, until, at the appointed time
having reached their designated positions
all his columns were to move simultane
Ously, Richmond falling, as Mexico fell,
before an irresistible Army.
But this Plan did not accord with the
popular idea. Prominent individuals who's
councils and clamOrs precipitated the out
break, demanded precipitate action. Thes'
demands were more and more clamorous.-
Exciting appeals to popular feeling Wert
soon followed by open aspersions and de
nunciations of Gen Scott. And finally
with presumption and insOleDee unheard
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07
Military Definitions.

Our newspapers have of late be en- filed
with military phrases, and these, like all
technical terms, are unintelligible to the
many. Civilians who wish to learn some
thing of the military profession before
hurrying on to Richmond, will find many
of their misconceptions removed by refer
ence to the military dictionary of Col. II.
L. Scott, book on which the following
observations arc based:
MARTIAL Law is one of those vague
terms used by every one and understood by
few. But as wherever our armies 60 mar
tial law mustat least be partially enforced
its powers and limitations should be known
to all In time of war the military COM
mander must have certain extraordinary
powers, which in time of peace would Just
ly be called tyrannicaL These powers
are limited by the Constitution of the
United States; so that the effect of martial
law is net to subject citizens to trial by
courts martial, but merely to deprive the
right of ha6eaS corpus of its force. In
Baltimore, for instance, General Banks has
the right simply to imprison or otherwise
detain citizens considered dangerous, but
no further punishment can be inflicted up
on a suspected person until he is found
guilty by the ordinary civil courts. Mar
tial law has further powers, beyond the
United States, or in an enemY's country.
The municipal laws have then no authority
and IN the absence of laws made by Con-
gress, the commander commands, prohibits
and Furnishes, as his own Judgment dictates
Martial law is, therefore, as General Scott
declared in Mexico, ian unwritten code as
an addition to the written military code
prescribed by Congress in the rules and
articles of war, and which unwritten code
all armies. in hostile countries, are forced
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

A CHAIN BRIDGE AcRoss THE MIssfs-
Cincinnati Enquirer has In
formation that the Confederates have erect
ed chain cable bridge across the Missis-
sippi at Randolph, sixty miles above Mem
phi<-The cable is made of three chains,
the iron of each link being an inch and a
half in thickness. This cable is laid on
number of fat boats stretched across the
river, and anchored above and below by
heavy sea anchors and chains. Next to
the Tennessee shore there is an opening
for the passage up and down Of such steam
ers as are permitted by the COufederates.
About one hundred yards below this gap.
on bluff, are planted SIX batteries of
heavy cannon, 50 that the approach of any
steamer to that opening from the North
would result in her being blown to atoms.
The bridge is said to be an ingenious. con-
tIivance, and one that cannot be removed
very easily. = ..-za-s--7-.- =--
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILRoAD--The IL
linois Central Railroad, as is well known,
has sold vast quantities Of land along the
line of the road upon long time. The
hard times consequent upon the explosion
of the wild cat bank bubble. have render
ed it almost impossible for many Of the
farmers to raise the money for the payment
due this Spring upon the land. The CON-
psny are very unwilling to have them for
felt their lands. upon which many of them
have already made number of payments.
But to raise the money just now seems i'm
possible. The company have therefore an
nOunced that they will take their pay in
corn, instead of money, delivered at any
Of the stations on the road.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

manded one, was no worse than Beaure-
gard or Pryor. He sought to give up on
ly single fort. Archibald Hamilton, of
New York, at one time commanded seven.
teen companies of Tories. When Charles
ton was threatened by the British, her cit
liens refused in body to aid in her de-
fence, and when captured, they focked
with disgraceful sycOphancy to the enc
mys standard, eager to abandon principle
for safety"
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

How THEY Cor EyEN.-one great rea-
son for the removal of the Secesh Govern
ment from Montgomery to Richmond, was
the insuferable rapacity of the people Of
the former town. They put up rents enOr-
mously, and were guilty of all the greedy
tricks which they are so fond of charging
upon the id Yankees" The Govern
ment got even with the town, however,
The Hon,rables- President, Secreta-
ries, &c. &c.-left without paying their
rent, and leaving such mass Of the rub
bish of Confederate bonds, that gold COM
mands twenty per cent premium
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

A MILE OF WIDows-Itisosaid that
when Fuad Pasha, the Turkish minister
sent by the Sultan to stop the insurrec-
ton in Syria, reached Beirut, he desired
to see some of the poor people who had
fed from their desOlated homes to that
place. The eriers went through the streets
and summoned first the widows. A mourn
ful procession, a mile long, was soon form
ed, in which were some thousands of wild
Ows, who marched before the Pasha- 1t
was too much even for his iron nerve t.
endure. He burst into tears, and covered
his face with his hands.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

HEESAS CHALLENGES ALL ENGL1SD.-
John G. Heenan has forwarded challenge
to England to fight Mace. Hurst. King.
''or any other man" in England, for
the sum of $4,000 1t is also stated
that Heenan's offer embraces several other
points, viz:-That he (Hecnan) will stake
$4,000 to $4,000 if Mace viii come to
this country and fight in Canada; he will
give Mace $1,000 to defray his expenses
here; or the Boy will take $4,000 to
$4,000 and fight in England. il the
Champion of England will pay Heenan
$1,000 to defray his expenses to that
country. - $50.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

MAKE HASTE SLowLY.-Louis Napoleon
ended the campaign in Italy in three months
but he did not commence until he had sv-
erything ready for it. General Taylor
fought his first battle in Mexico in May.
1t was not until the following September
that he advanced into that country. In
the Russian war hOstilities began in March.
but it was not until September that the
French and English landed at Sebastopol
In all thos: instances the armies were at
hand. "a 51e1Te
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

WHAr Is AN AMBULAxCE?-Au ambu-
lance is light carriage. the body being
upon two wheels and supported
by very elastic light springs, 1t is a lit
tie over six feet in length. There are cots
for two inside, with beds, head pillows.
sc, The top is covered with black oil
cloth, but the body and running gear are
painted red. The ambulance is intended
for one horse. with seat for the driver
in front, and being very light, though
strongly built. can be driven along very
rapidly without injury to the wounded.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07
Frnm ihe Home .IonrnnI
Catechisms for the Engaged

Before 1 trust my fate to thee,
Or place my hand in thine,
Before 1 let thy future give.
Color ind form to mine
Before I peril all for thee,
Question thy soul tonight for me.
break all slighter bonds, nor feel
One shadow ofregret;
Is there one link within the past
That holds thy spirit yet ?
Or is thy faith as fair and free
AS that which can pledge to thee.
LeOk deeper still. If thou cans't feel
Within thy inmost soul,
That thou-hast kept portion back,
While l have asked the whole,
Let no false pity spare the blow,
But in true mercy tell me so.
Is there within thy heart need
That mine cannot fuffls
One cord that any other hand
Could better wake or still ?
Speak now, lest at some future day
Ny whole life wither and decay.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

A Virginia correspondent of the Charles
ton Mercury says that the officers Of one
# the Louisiana regiments have brought
their wives with them. These ladies would
seem to take things easy. A few nights
since an alarm occurred, upon which one
of the leutenants got up, but his wife de-
clined to follow him. upon the ground that
if she should she did not know what bet
ter place to go to, and an hour afterwards,
when the alarm proved to be false, and he
went back. she was sound asleep.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

Ex-PREsIDEST BUCHGsAS.-A cores
pondent of the Boston Journal, who has
been travelling through 1Pennsylvsn:a,
writes: go z---r II ~
"A neighbOr of Mr. Buchanan was IN the
car. He represents that the Ex-President
has been long dangerously sick from sheer
exhaustion He has little sympathy from
his fellOw-townsmen, who upbraii him as
being the author Of all our national troub-
les. He is obliged to hear much that must
wound him, and letters by the basket full
are sent to him full Of abuse aud calumny.
and so much so that while he was sick his
friends would not allow him to seeany let
ters unless they knew where they were
from. Miss Lane is represented as max
ing herself agreeable to all who call, and
keeping open house to all who come to
Wheatland, with that same grace that
made her so popular at the White House"
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07
WHOLE NO. as4O.
Character is Power.

1t is often said that knowledge is pow.
er, and this is true. Skill or faculty Of
any kind carries with it superiority, So,
to certain extent. wealth is power, and
rank is power, and intellect is power, and
genius has transcendent gift Of mastery
over men, But higher. purer, and better
than all. more constant in its influence.
more lasting in its sway, is the power of
character-that power which emanates
from pure and lofty mind. Take any
community. who is the man of most infu-
ence? To whom do all look up with rev
erenee? Not the ''smartest' man, nor the
cleverest politician, nor the most brilliant
talker, but he who. in a long course Of
years, tried by the extremes Of prosperity
and adversely. has approved himself to the
judgment of his neighbors and of all who
have seen his life, as worthy to be called
wise and good.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

HEELS AND HEADs.-lf a girl thinks
more of her heels than of her head, de-
pend upon it she will never amount to
much Brains which settle in the shoes
never get much above them. This will ap-
ply as well to the masculine as the femin-
inc gender
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07
auetrp
The old Continentals.

In their ragged regimentals
Stood the old Continentals
Yielding not,
While the Grenadiers were lunging,
r And like hail fell the plunging
Canncn-shot;
Where the files
e. OF the Isles
''-a From their smoky night encampment
"a, Bore the banner of the rampant
Unicorn
And grummer, grummer, grummer
~ Rolled the roll of the drummer
Through the morn.
Then with eyes to the front all,
And with guns horizontal
Stood our sires.
And the balls whistled deadly
And in flames flashing redly
Blazed the fires,
As the swift
.s Billows drift
Drove the dark battle-breakers
Ger the green-sOdded acres
OF the plain,
And louder, louder, louder
Cracked the black gun-pewder
All amain.
Then like smiths at their forges
s-l Labored red St. Georges
-. Cannoniers,
30 And the villainous saltpetre
Rung fierce diseOrdant metre
Round their ears,
Like the roar - .,
49, On the shore
Rose the horse7guard elangor
As they rode in roaring anger
-= On our -fank ks-
ASd higher. higher. higher
- Burned the old-fashioned fire
Through the ranks.
Then she bare-headed Colonel
GallOpsd through the white, internal
Powder cloud.
and his broad sword was swinging.
ADd-his brazen throat was ringing
Trdmpet loud
And the blue
Bullets few,
And the trooper jackets redden
At the touch of the leaden
Rifles breath,
Androunder, rounder. rounder
Roared the iron SIX FOUNDER
Hurling death.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

A young man of good standing recently
proposed an honorable marriage to young
lady out West, when he received for an
swer: "Get out. you fcller Do you think
I'd sleep with man? | will tell yer mo-
therr'
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

An eloquent divine in the course Of bis
sermon, was comparing the state Of the un-
converted sinner to that Of man in a boat
away from land and with only one oar.
when he was suddenly brought up with
severe round turn BY an old sailor, who
jumped up and asked, couldn't the old
fool scull?!" 4 -.f
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

B1sGRAcEFUL-It may be remembered
that the wardrobe of Mrs. Slemmer. wife
Of the famous Lieutenant, was con6scated
by the chiyalry who possessed it at Pensa-
cola. 1t is reliably stated that the gallant
sons of the South sent her best dresses to
their friends among the prostitutes of
Montgomery. who have been showing off
in them ever since; and this is considered
by the ehivalry very brilliant and pref
ty big thing. -e
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1861-08-07

"A henpecked husband writes: "Be-
fore married | fancicd welded life would
be all sunshine; but afterwards found out
that it was all moOnshine ,- .-