davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Minnesota Staats-Zeitung. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1858-1877, 1861-06-08

~''F~t'Nf wv w" NA'AtV pV1NV ItVlVVkiN Iuut.
Sas Saooeefet.- 6uleentes linp tie cin<
5elnen 8~eltinmun9cn ee5 in Der lesten 2e9islotur
nmseiormten Sascse1ebes, pelDe mir ber Wead=
tuns Saseluftscr empfeblen.
Das Grlesen uon 9udwilb (Glf uno 5irlde)
3ril9sn benz T. 6etruar unb 1. @sptemter it bel
$500 CITRATE fir jebes erleete @tiid %Yerbpteu.
Dielelte Strafe bat perwirft, wer in cer oenann=
ten 3sit Gin Stad 5rdmilo pecr friltes 6lei1d
pber 91ute baYcu 1T 8cli y bat pber gum 0erfauf
ausbietet.
;3wsi DpQare lteben auf ba5 grl. gen Der Wolb-
l9nepfe (@puecpd) apilden benz 1. Sanuar uub
4, Suli, esS psairisbubns 5wildsn IS. 6etruar
uno 1. Muaut tc5 balanen swilGcn 10. Sanuar
urb L. Sept. 0as uGuail", oas i9 jebt erft in
Ofinnelota, 100 es friber %nireeup5 III 1nben war,
einbur9ert, loQ uberbaupt ppr Rem Nrbre res Sd
gers 9e|9uBt lein unp mir empfeblen ramentlib
unlern beutlden 6armern bic 8sptaGtuna bieler
Scltimmung. IS miro lclbit ttm unseiittetcn
9pnntassl4uten lcidt, bic CIT Gr9el, rcn bitIde=
lten fer 9ubner9attu1g> 81 erle9en unS Niemanc
lrlte eeabalb einen Nu9nt barin lu0eu> einen tie<
ler freunrl;den fleineu MufImmlinse nisceraupla-
5en. Sinh ie Gin paar Satr osbeet worSsn, 10
tpiro Walo une 8elt Srn zen @Iltern cielsr bur-
tisen @eieQen belstt iein, IN tann it IS AT Der
3eit, trauf 81 %fualen.
SIR taS Tan9en Der ~oeaedten 8. relle swiid,en
benz 1. @ept. nno T.. Mdr5 1T cine St1ofe ypn
$l,N per @tid seltBt. 50 Gents bat gu tesab>
len> mer bieien Slid r,ittel5 elmer anccrn Wprrid-
ruu9 ais Der @n0el fln9t.
Gin Mftftdf+ Der uManfatc Snbepen.
MINI her;d,tckn nnx sl..xAaa, 81 :G4aa mux.l
Minnesota Staats-Zeitung. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1858-1877, 1861-06-08

Das Tlldea fcmmt jest wiseer eebIris III
Gang peer sieImebr in SLUG. SIN 2aufc tieler
@cde trieten cine tetra&tlide Mn3obl srSBerer
uno tleiner SlSBe bier Scrbei aus jeoer @urte BON
sel@nittensm @anbrls %eef'rtiet. &u@ ron @tiQ<
mater aus bat baS 9iuab1Dben BON Baubols wie-
nor hpan1tucn
Minnesota Staats-Zeitung. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1858-1877, 1861-06-08
l42e2l W. Mob1ce, Meemt.
Scutfbe $omf

+. & 9, wi((iuS, Saint paul.
0r(iber Meyer u. @iuius.)
ct. paul Minnr(otn
Nl'ller auen ibrieen 8ran9en bes Banfae5dqf,
ties tp!o'aten mir nnlere ~bejunbere 9lufmerfiamfeit
benz 8ertaufe BON
.. Me@leln auf Deut19lanb,
lople out bic 9auptplaBe Grantrei&s, Guolanps.
Der Gdpeia unb Der Ser. @tooten NH tS.SG"sa,.,
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28
A B autful Picture,

The man who stands upon his own soil
who feels that by the Laws OF the land in
which he lgcs-by the laws Of civilized na-
tions-ho is the rightfuI and the exclusive
owner Of the land which he tiIis, is by the
constitution Of our nature under q wholesome
influence, not easily imbl5ed by any other
source He feels, other lh'ngs being equal,
more strongly than another the character Of
man who IS lord Of an inanimate world
OF this great ard wonderful sphere which,
fashioned BIZ the hand Of God, and upheld
by his power, is rolling through the heavens
part Of his-his from the center to the sky.
It is the space on which the generation before
him moved in lis round Of duties, and he
feels himself connected by visible link with
those who follow him, and to whom he is to
transmit home. Perhaps his farm has come
down to him from his fathers. They have gone
t. their last home; but be can trace their
last footsteps over the scenes Of his daily la
bors. The roof which shelters him was
reared by those to whom he owes his being.
Some interesting domestic tradition is con.
nccted with every incosure. The favoritc
fuittrco vas planted by bis fathers hand.
lie sportcd in boJhood beside the brook which
still winds through the meadows. Through
the fields lie the path to the village school of
earlier days. lie still hears from his window
the voice OF the Sabbath-bell which called bis
fathers to the house of God near at hand is
the spot where his parents laid down to rest,
and Were when his time has come, he shall
be laid By his children These are the feel
ings Of the owners Of the soil Words con
not paint them; gold can not buy them they
flow out of the deepest fountains Of the heart
they arc the life-spriogs of fresh, healthy.
and generous national character Edpard
Ererett
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28
Flax

Good fax can be grown in New England.
Any soil rich enough for corn will do for flax.
Yet II farmers 20 extensively into this BUSH
ness they cannot grow their own corn. For
fax is great oxhauster, and the ground
must be annually mauure1
You cannot grow fax this year and lay the
ground to grass next year, as you DO after
a growth o. grain It has been said fax is
Tot an czhauster Of the soi.--but We see no
evidence Ia support eff this Where fax, or
hemp, is leading article on q farm, there
viii lot be found much farm stock, and con
sequoody not much manure.
II fax could be grown, year alter year
Eithou, manure as buckgheat may be. the
case woudbe different. Fax must have ma.
nure and ii we raise but little stock go cam
net haze much Manure lJr any purpose.
Hemp and flax, therefore, arc grown in the
rich fields where manure is not required ~
There are soils in this country so rich that
corn AID y boat arc gown for nsAue yoars 10
succession, Vithout particle Of manure,
Such soils are right for hemp and fax
ana though 10 tine they viii require manure,
yc, they produce crops without it. But We
lave not many acres 10 New England that
will produce beautifully without the appli-
caioa Of manure.
Cattle aud hog cannot be kept on the
refuse part Of flax. Its siraws and stems are
worth nothing Tor ans kind Of farm stock
anl The very last article that we should rec
ommed to improve farm in this part Of tho
country is Pioughman.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28
Preparations for the Season.

Spring is already upon US, and, if it has
found any Of our readers uarroparod, the
few remaining days Of comparative leisure
should be actively employed 10 prep. ration
Is there an ample supply Of hro.wood for
the season stored away in the wood.houso
1t vii be much easier to secure a sufficient
quantity now than delaying, to be compelled
every few days through the working months,
to desist from other labors, in order to re
plenish the wood-pile. A full supply of
wood, cut, dried aud ready Tor use, cond ices
largely to domestic economy, and is sure
evidence of forethought and calculation :
The tools should be placed in good condition
to commence spring operations with A
splice here and nail there are perhaps need
Ell; hoes, shoyes, plough-points, aud drag
teeth eau now be shapeuod with proiil
fences should be repaired, sap buckets made
and meuded, anda sufficient quantity Of ice
secured for sumner use BY those who are
fortunate enough 70 have ieo-housc.
April is good month to begin draining
operations, by means Of which nearly all
soils are benefited more Or less The fields
intended for grass, ought nov to be cleared Of
obsuuctio sto the moaiug machine OF scythe.
The manure heaps should BE- GOT ready for
Cart upon the fields, while the leaves eau
ais be brought from the woods this month,
to the barn-yard for m2nurIng purposes in
1 future. Having attended to outdoor duties,
and got your land 80 s@arking condition.
| run pyer your accounts 81 crops raised for
last year, and for progiou. years, and decide
On what you can raise with the most profit !
then select and prepare your seed carefully.
/ The character OF the crop depends much
more than is generally supposed on the
quality OF the germ.roots and seeds planted.
j Darwin, in his Origin Of the Species, makes
the principle Of selection the basis of all sue
cess and improvement uo,h in animate and
Iinanmate nature. the character of the soil
aud season seusiby affects the crop, but like
assuredly begais ike in the vegetable as well
as in the animal world, Too much atten-
ten, therefore, cannot be given, to careful
selection Of thoso seeds which are intended
for germs. A. ain, catiyators do not sufi-
GENTLY take into account the advantages con
sequent upon being carly in the market. Not
uulrequcuty two or three days difference in
the time of Offering products Tor SAFE, dimin.
ishes their value Que half in the market. 1t
is best then if you ale raising produce for
the market, to plant carly variety Many
farm products, by proper management, can
Ibe FASTENED forAarl considerably. Potatoes,
Tor instance, by being placed in . warm
room few weeks before planning time, will
sprout freely and thus obtain start Of sew
eral days.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28

wholly upon the care with which the opera
tons are conducted. All the apparatus and
implements used in its manufacture, should be
kept perfectly clean and wholesome. 1t is
also of great Importance that tho sap be re-
duced to syrup aa soon as possible. The fol-
lowing plan, pursued by one Of our most sue
cessfu manufacturers, We taiuk the best
Having boiled down the sap in shallow pans,
he takes it of the fire and puts 1t IN wooden
tubs to cool and settle over night He then
pour5 off al but tho settling, strains it
through a fine cloth straiuor and places It
over the fire again. The fire should only
come 10 tie bottom Of the kettle; this pre-
vents burning on the sides Of the kettle
The natural color Of sugar is white aud If
kept clean 10 the manufacture, and not burn
cd, it will be perfectly white.
" Add" he continues in his directions,
" to the syrup, when warming, two eggs well
beaten, and one pint Of new milk, which IS
sufficient for fifty pounds skim well jast be-
fore it come. to the boiling point; then boil
to tub sugaG Put in wooden tubs; let
it stand few days, until the grain Is done
forming; start the plug in the bottom Of the
tub, AID let the molasse5 drain Of keep a
wet cloth On tho top Of the sugar while drain
ing, and the operation is done. Sugar Is
made in tbs way equaI in color and white
ness to double refined loaf sugar. For most
families it is preferred without draining
Sugar made this way is free from the rank
nauscous smell Of cane brown sugar The
p oftae maple varies in sweetness. Two
all half to four gallons will make one
pound Of sugar. Having completed your
spring operations, leave your bush in good
condition remove the buckets and other I'M
plements to some place Of cover draw out
the tubes from the trees and plug up the
holes tightly, cutting off the plugs close up in
order that the bark may grow over the wounds
and thus save the energies Of the trees Tor the
coming spring.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28

A WoopEN" SroRY.--We have heard
of wooden natmogs-anll to oring it nearer
the otjj9ect OF eur story, We have heard ofoar
transatlantic cousins INDUCING in wOoder
hams but Jonathan, We should fancy, never
accomplished SO wonderful feat as that re-
corded by correspondent:
a Gue SOW, having twelve sucking pigs,
belonging to pork merchant in Monkwear-
mouth, was taken i'll, and died suddenly Tho
proprietor, who is an ingenious character, set
to work and formed a rough model of a SOW
in wood, being hollow 10 the centre, the abdo-
men being furnished with twelve teats, clev-
cry formed of raw hide. TIE interior of the
model is kept filed with milk, and the whole
Of the young pjgs suck from the toats of this
singular.l oking wooden SOW, and all are
thriving WE'LL
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28
Raising Pigs

When pig are a few days old, they should
be placed in pen Of large dimensions, where
they can have plenty Of room to stir about,
and where they will incur less danger 81 be
ing uampIal upon and I'm over by the moIh.
err This is much better than allowing them
to run about in the roads and fields, where,
continually chasing after the mother, they
gain but little in condition, and are often
worried 70 death, For tac first few days the
motaer Is weak, liable to be icverish, and
should be lcd- gradually increasing the
amount with nutritious food such as tur-
nips, carrots, and boots, not 10 a raw state
but thoroughly cooked. From the fact that
the milk furnished by the SOW is not sufficient
for o litter Of ten or fifteen pigs, they should
also in the course of week. be fed, sparing-
ly at first, with oat cruel and other light food,
if they are expected to thrive and grow rap.
idly.
With proper management, swine will not
destroy their offspring, though they are not
the ouy animal as is generally supposed, that
deyour their young Martin says. =" From
some Misunderstood causes, several domestic
animals, as the rabbit, and sometimes the cat
seem to forget all instructive ties, and turning
upon their offspring, rayenousiy deyour them. =
Various theories are given for this unnatural
conduct on the part OF swine. Lowe remarks
that rarely il ever does this happen in a
state of uature; and it is lot unreasonable
to believe that when an act 50 revolving does
occur, it arises more from pain and irritation
produced By the state Of confinement, and
filth, in which they arc kept, aud the dis
turbances 10 which they are subjected, than
from any actual ferocity. Another writer
attributes it to an nordinate thirst for blood.
We arc well satisfied, in our minds, that it
arises from excessive costiyeDcss The anat-
omy Of the hog corresponds very nearly to
that of man. A severe attack OF costiveness
contracts the bowels Of the latter, and pre-
vents the flow of blood from the head The
brain becomes frenzied, and is accompanied
by painful craving at the stomach. Pre-
clsoly SO is il with swine, which seek to ap.
pease this voracity by doyourirg their young.
At such lines they should be securely muz
zed, given a small dose OF sulphur occasion.
ally, also fresh meat. i skillul physician
Of New York, one thoroughly informed on
these matters recommends US to give to swine
troubled in this manner, dose Of salt brine,
being sure not to use that in which pork or
bacon has been picked several cases being
on record Of animals which have died from
the effects Of the latter, given by the owners
under the impression that it would answer
the same purpose 1t Is even a good plan tc
mirgIc, regularly, a small quantity of salt
with the food Of swine, when they are per
iectly well.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28
Pursuit of knowledge under Difficulties.

TnuRrow WEED, editor Of the Albany
Evening journal, in a recently published
sketch Of mis- early lie, gives us the following
picture
MANY farmers son has found the best
opportunities for mental Improvement in bis
intervals Of leisure while" tending sap.bush,'
Such at any rate was my own experience
At night you had only to feed the kettles
and Keep your fires the SAP having been
gathered and the wood cut before dark. -
Daring the day We would lay in u good stock
Of :" fat pine" by tho light OF which, blazing
bright before the -ugar-house, in tho posture
the serpent was condemned to assume as a
penalty for tempting cur great first grand
mother, have passed many and many de-
lightlul night il reading | remember in
this way to have history Of The French
revolution, and to have obtained from it a
better and more enduring knowledge OF its
events and horrors, and Of the actors in that
great national tragedy, than | have received
from all subsequent readings. remember
also how happy | was in being able to borrow
the book of u Mr.. Reyes. alter two milo
tramp through the snow, shoeless, my feet
swaddled in remnants Of rag.carpet."
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28

USE FOR WASTE PAPER.--Perhaps it Is
not generally known that aeCSpoper Is the
best article for cleaning widows, looking
glasses, &c. Wet piece Of newspaper thor
oughly wash off the glass with it, and then
polish with dry piece of paper. No soaps,
whiting or cloth is neces airy. As ncwspa.
pors are, or ought to be, abundant in every
house. this is an easy, expeditions and eco
nomical mode Of accomplishing a tedious
business. Newspaper is also preferable to
CLOTH and equal to bucSskin, in polishing sill
yer, brass knives, &C. Southern Pres6yte-
rim
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28
A Cheap Well Of Pure Water

Mr. G. Wright of Mt. Sterling H., fur
nishes tho following description of his well
TO the Rural New Yorker
1t may interest somn readers Of your pa
per to know the result ofmy experiment to OBJ
tain cheap well of pure water. My well
is like ordinary wells, only it is archcd over
with stone at the height Of five feet from the
bottom The pump, which is iron, passes
down through the top Of this arch, and the
well is filed to the surface with the earth
which was throan out in digging. My well
is twenty Two loot deep, ard cost, with the
pump, thirty dollars. Stoned to abe surface
it would have cost fifty dollars but the
great advantage consists in having pure wa
ter at all seasons Of the year The valves
are loar feet from thc surface, and Il lead
pipe conducts the water from tho leak back
to the well, [ think however, it would be
better to conduct the water from the leak out
into bliad wcll, such as every one should
have icr the slops Of the house, unless they
are used as fertilizers. iot,nd to make ;
room four feet square, and four feet deep
under the platform, 80 as TO repair the valvoi
if necessary. The pipe leading into The
well is one and a-fouith ZACH as.plPe, and
any suction.pump can be attached at the top.
1t is as much exposed as pump can be- but
never freezes am sure that those who try
this met Cd, will say with me that they will
never sto! c another well.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28
rha Nnnth Of March.

The three closing days Of the month were very Spring
ike and some Of the earl flowers are giving signs Of de-
yelopmen and many green shoots pcerng above the
stf,co deceived by tn nj dness II The weather not
merely 70 lish young plants without experience sgd
new smith once said on Ike OCCASION 'bu. On plants
that have been deceived before by prema.ure Springs
and f,r. such. - he added +" one has ne ply "
90 wrote the cynic but trusting ogelmcs should never
,l4ad never want for pity, AMI Is more becoming to
adopt tn, language Of an anonymous poet, who says
"oh, gentle flowers!
Each spring, as iorth / yak
To NEE. you,
And listen to The tails
OF brooks that also grectyou,
What hours
Are those, ere yet a leaf is known,
To meet you all alone
Gazing wits those large, truthful eyes
Upon The ireacherous skies,
IN upc cmplanipg mood,
On the bleak solitude;
breathing your fragile lives away
Unconscious Of your Geeting stay.
aye never fail,
Eel. is the hrst warm SUM-
and forth begins the strife
or many a hidden me,
Lelt struggling In It's BIRTH
To escape the dark ONE earth,
Till, stealing on the gale,
Comes borne an infant scent,
And, one BY oae
o. either hand
4 fairy company Sc STAND,
HAPPY, content
On earth nothing 90 fair and innocent "
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28

CArERp1LLAR's EGGs.-In orchards that
during the past season were infested with the
caterpillar, much can now be done to prevent
their appearing the next summer, Examine
the trees, sand on the young wood will be tonnd
cylindrical masses Of eggs Of nearly the same
color as the bark, ana which surround the
twig and look Ikea little swelling. flhe
twig is OF any importance scrape the eggs oil
carefully and destroy them but the easiest
way is to cut the wood and burn it along with
the eggs. A few minutes will suffice to clean
a tree, aud thus preserve il from the caterpil'
lars. Do the same with every tree and your
orchard is safe, Should any be overlooked,
they should ce cxtirpaied as soon as their web
appears, but ba sure that they are all at home.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28
rmrpY roa prrnlRA or SORE rARoAr.

REMEDY TOR piilVhNA OK h1kb IAEoAI'
Garglc or wash the the inside Of the throat
frequently with teaspoouiul of tiucture OF
black cohush diluted with little water. Com
monce using it on the first symptoms Of soreness
or Inclination. 1t does not burn or cauterize,
but soolhcs and relieys the ,rdation. DO not
swallow, itas it would nauseate Continue the
use once IN two hours until relieved. The tine
tnre can be hid Il, any drug store.
SPRINGFIELD ARNoRY The War Department
has just issued an order 70 hearmory in Spring
field for the manufacture Of 1900 muskeis per
month, commencing the first of March, instead
Of 500 per month as at present They are to be
of the lates, and best pattern oil rifle musket,
The capacity Of the armory is about 100 or
1900 pr month hut 1900 win make business
brisk, and give employment to many additional
workman.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28
Mission RooNs "a Camp street. !
New Orleans. Feb. Is, 1851. {

New OrIcans Feb. Is, IobI. I
To The Editor Of ne Boston Journal.
| see from the papers that Dipthoria, or putrid
sore throat, is prevailing as fatal epidemic in
some portions Of your country. send you
prescription OF one eminent physician, who
bound It an cfrcctual preventative and remedy
during the preyalorc5 Of that fatal disease in
this city year ago. am Informed that IN
the uscof i; Dr. Benedict dad not lose single
patient used it myself as did several clcr-
zeal friends, and it removed the symptoms ~
few applications, lhopc you viii call the At
tcnton of the medical faculty aud the public
generally to it IS simple and safe remedy.
Yours very traly. &c,
RANDOLPH. 4. DELANEY.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28

BETTER SriLL.-Edit0r Freeman | no.
ticed in your last paper large yield Of
wbeat, raised by A. T. Darant, Of East Cal
ais. would ask hIr. Durapt what Kind .
wheat he sowel, what time he soacd, and
how much to the acre raised last season,
on one hundred and ifty.two rods of ground,
tbirty.eight bushels and one quart Of good
wheat, which think rattle. beats Mr. Du'
rant, and If auy one has raised more, |
would ike to hear from them. sowed the
Scotch.bearded wheat-two bushels on the
one hundred and ffy-two rods Of ground. |
soaed it Oh the 18th of May.
Respectfully yours
JONI RUSSELL, Jr,
Kirby, March l4th, 1861.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28

DRIED Pie PLANT-Docs one house
keeper to the hundred know that rhubarb re-
mains good through the entire season, by
keeping the center or seed stock cut down,
and dried Tor winter use, makes a pie
equal to the best? 1t may be raised in the
garden, door ard, by the highway, Gas cat.
lie will never touch i9, or upon any yard
square Of land that is made rich, aud it will
well repay all expense, Hope tie guide
vile " will not forget to empty pail Of suds
around each hill every washing day.
OBED.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28

BrFrs Foa PlEs.--Beets boiled as for eat
ins, minced fao aud picked in strong vine.
gar for twelve hours make good substi-
tuto for apples in meat pics. 1t is expected
that every garden will have one extra paper
planted for the above purpose. Should they
not be required for pies, or making the best
of pickles, they will do no harm to cattle,
sheep or horses. Try it.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28

Asa \. Burnham, Of Reading Centre,
raised the past year, 49S bushels OF oats on
s acres, 43 bushels of wheat on | acre, 800
bushels of corn on acres, aud 1000 bushels
of potatoes on acres.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28

The officers of the Champain Valley Agri-
cultural Society for the year ensuing are =
President d. d. Middlchrook Wee Presidents,
Andrew Holmes, c. c. Brownell Secretary,
c. NJ. Fisher Assistant Secretary, II. Chap
man. Treasurer, Z, A. Booth.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1861-03-28

DELICATE P.E-The grated rindj and
Juice of lemon; | cup powdered sugar;
the yoks of 8 eggs; . tablespoouuls OF
flour. two.thirds oil water. Take the whites
of three eggs, aud 3 tablespoonfuls OF SUI
gar beat to frolh, and turn it over tho pie
when baked. Set it in the oven again, and
let il remain 3 minutes. Use but ole crust.