davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Alleghanian. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1859-1865, 1861-10-10
Fortress Monroe.
STRENGTH OF THE PosT-ITs DEFENsEs AND
CAPACITY.

Comparatively few persons are aware
OF the real strength of Fortress Monroe,
and of the powerful influence it must ex-
ert, if under the right direction, all along
the Southern border No careful obser-
son, and who has good opportunities of in
specting the surrounding country aud its
approaches, can fail to be impressed with
the impregnability of the position. With
regard to the Fortress itself, the original
point of attack and defence is toward the
sea- But little apprehension seems to
have been entertained by our Government
at the time of the construction and equip
ment of Fortress Monroe, that it would
ever be assailed on the land side; and
such infamous treason as we are now cal
led upon to encounter, does not seem to
have been contemplated by our patriotic
fathers The war with England had in-
spired our rulers of that day with the con-
viction that the sea-board section was our
weak one that It's security would best
protect our commerce as 1t came into
Hampton Roads for safety, and that from
this point our ships of war could go out
to clear the ocean of the hostile craft
The events of the last few months, howev-
er, have shown the importance of this
post as means of defense against enemies
on the land; SO that the Fortress is doub-
ly serviceable as protection against foes
without and foes within.
The principal sea-front of the Fortress
is toward the South the next, to-
wards Hampton Roads, is Southwest !:
that toward the James River is North
II f6a nl
the tongue of land running down from
the interior, Is North and North east
The area inclosed within the walls is
eighty-fve acres, and the walls are more
than a mile in length. On the sea-front
is large water battery, in a commanding
position and on the beach side, toward
the country and sea, are the salient points
of a series of embrasures for outposts Of
the most formidable character. The cap
ture of the water battery and low embank-
ment by an enemy would be task of
great difficulty and danger; and before
they were carried, their defenders could
spike all their guns and retire by pri-
vate passages into the Fortress.
INTERIOR OF THE FORTRESS.
Entering the main gateway of the For
tress, the embankments, covered with
grass, rise all around you, stretching away
grandly in the distance. Barbette guns
are placed at regular intervals along the
parapets, and heavy artillery occupies the
embrasures. On the land side the great
columbiads and siege mortars are in po-
sition. One of the latter bears this in
scription
tsThis mortar
taken
from
the English
1t was captured at
The Alleghanian. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1859-1865, 1861-10-10
Select poetrp.
The Hand upon the Latch.

A YOUNG w1FE's SONG.
The Alleghanian. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1859-1865, 1861-10-10

'"' ALLEGHASIAY-$1.5O in advance
The Alleghanian. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1859-1865, 1861-10-10

Trembling in every limb, she obeyed
The Alleghanian. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1859-1865, 1861-10-10
RAILROAD SCHEDULE.
WILMORE STATION.
COUNTY OFFICERS.

he Fast Line West docs not stop.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16
Judge Mclean.

ES- The death of this distinguished
jurist was barely announced in our pa
per of last week. He was a man univer-
sally respected, and had filed many i'm
portant and exalted positions in our gov
eminent. For thirty-two years past he
had been one of the Associate Justices
of the U. S. Supreme Court. The fol-
lowin G brief sketch of his public life
presents the prominent features of his
career as public man:
Judge Mclean has been associate Justice of
the Supreme Court for thirty-two wears, having
been appointed by President Jackson in 1895
He has acted as Judge, during the long and
eventful term, in the Northwestern Circuit, and
all members of the Judiciary and the legal pro-
fession In this region have regarded him as
sons do "a father-with love- confidence and
veneration. He was probably as upright a
Judge as ever occupied seat on the bench :
and by an unquestioned integrity, the display
of the highest legal talents, a long experience
and faithful service, had won to an unusual
degree the esteem of very large circle of states
men, lawyers and citizens who will learn of
his death with sincere sorrow.
Judge Mclean was prominent and devo-
ted member of the Methodist Episcopal church
In politics he was moderate and conservative,
was identified with the Wing party, and after
its dissolution became a Republican His
name has been conspicuously brought before
Wing National Conventions in connection
with the Presidency, as it also was before the
Republican National Convention in 1856 and
go. He was Judge OF the Supreme Court of
Ohio about the close of the war of 1912 was
Commissioner of the General Land Office under
President Monroe became Postmaster General
under .ohn Quincy Adams and one of the
first official acts of jackson was his appoint
ment to the Federal Supreme Bench. He was
the senior Associate Justice of the Supreme
Court olthe Seventh judicial Circuit embra-
cling the States of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan and
Illinois.
Judge Mclean was born in New Jersey in
l796, and was therefore seventy five years of
age. He emigrated to Ohio when young man.
and continued citizen of that State till the
day of his death.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16

ers, thus leaving Anderson and his men
at leisure to receive reinforcements, and
if need be, deal with Forts Moultrie and
johnson, which he can silence without
much loss of time.
CHARLESTON, April lO.--A battle is
hourly expected. Fort Sumter will be
attacked without waiting for the abolition
fleet.
Herald's Correspondence-.W Washing
ton, April 1.-THE members of the West
Point flying artillery, now in Washing
ton, received orders to keep their revol-
vers constantly loaded, aud be ready for
immediate action.
Part of the volunteers will be detailed
at the bridge across the Potomac so as to
defend it from an invading force.
Nearly one thousand men are now en-.
rolled for regular service from the ranks
of district militia. Those who refused
to take the oath of allegiance were march.
ed back to the armory, disarmed, and
their names stricken from the rolls. Hiss.
es from the spectators accompanied their
disappearance from the parade ground.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16

LATER.-The bombardment is contin-
uing with mortars and will be kept up
all night. II is supposed that Anderson
is reserving his men for night. Vessels
cannot get in, as storm is raging, and
the sea rough, making it impossible TO
effect reinforcement to night. The float
ing battery working we'll,
CHARLESTON, April 13.-Il is report
ed Fort Sumter on fire.
The cannonading is going on fiercely
from all points from the vessels outside
and all along our coast
1880 A. NAT intervals of twenty
minutes firing was kept up all mig ht on
Fit. Sumter. Major Anderson ceased fir.
ing from Sumter at 6 o'clock in the eve
ming. All night he was engaged in re-
pairing damages and protecting the bar
bette guns. He commenced to return
the fire at"7 o'clock this morning.
Fort Sumter seems to be greatly disa.
bled. The battery at Cummings Poin
does Fort Sumter great damage At 6
o'clock this moring dense smoke pour.
ed out from Fort Sumter. The Fedora
Flag is at half mast-a signal of distress
The shells from Fort Moultrie and the
batteries on Morris Island fall into Maj
Anderson's stronghold thick and fast,
and they can be seen in their course
from the Charleston battery.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16
Hon. VIM. Vandever.

GF Most cordially do we endorse the
subjoined article, in reference to Mr..
VASDEvEE, which We copy from the
Waukon Journal. Mr.. V. is one of that
GLASS of men who become more popular
as they are better known. His course
in Congress, and in the Peace Confer
ence, is most unqualifedly approved by
his Constituents in this county, and
when an opportunity offers they will say
so at the polls
letter from Mr.. Vandever, to a citizen in Deco
rah. After speaking of its contents, the Repub-
lie says
After the perusal of this letter, we are sure
that in Mr.. Vandeyer the Northern district OF
Iowa has firm, consistent and more than all
Christian representative. Its tone more than
pleases us we are satisfied with him and his
position. If the hardest trials are yet to come
we all ought to rejoice that Mr.. V. is what he
is
This is we'll said Of Mr.. Vandever. 1t is a
just encomium. 1t is well known that in this
county great effort was made by Democrats
torun Samuels ahead of his ticket. They were
not successful.
We have for the reason that much was said
during the canvass in regard to the merits of
the tN o men, watched Mr.. Vandevers course
In all relations, he has proved himself worthy
OF orr support. lie is not one of those men who
regard bis duty TO his constituents done when
he las made a " buBcomle" speech, and frank
ed il to his constituents. While at Washing
ton, We took some pains to inquire in regard to
him. There has been no harder worker in
Congress. He il ready debater and hard
worker in committee rooms, n very important
quality. Added TO all his Congressional duties
he was member ofthe Peace Convention, and
a constant attendant of its Eessions. He has
performed a double duty. He has been firm
but moderate. He has nobly and ably defend
ed Republican principles. He has stood firm
against a mpromise to disgrace the Republi-
can cause.
He has one of the largest constituencies in
the Union, which renders his labors very ardu-
GUS To answer his numerous corrcspon dents
in regard to Office would require the attention
of one man.
Northern Iowa may Well be proud finer rep.
resentatiye. He has proved able and should
renal n there When the North will learn to
retain her honest, faithful men in Congress,
she will have better legislation. One great ren.
son why the South have been able TO control
legislation, is, that she always re-elects her
able men. Letthe North take q lesson"
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16
Sumter Taken =!

Es In the Geographic report ia our
columns to day will be found the details
of the commencement aud progress of
hostii,ies at Charleston, resulting in the
surrender Of Major ANDERSON and his
command, and the possession OF Fort
Sumter by the confederate troops. Of
that result we have but little doubt, al
though the general details of the conflict,
coming through southern sources, we
think are probably highly colored.-
Without the co cooperation and assistance
Of the feet and with the great number
of powerful batteries surrounding it,,
there could be but one termination to the
conflict at Sumter, although we confess
that it has come sooner than we expect
ed, evdencing that the fort was much
less strong than was reported.
The Rubicon is now crossed" the
die of war cast, and the awful response
billy rests with the hot-beaded traitors
now attempting to subyert the govern
ment. The whole conservative voice Of
the country demanded of the adminstra-
ton pacific policy, in the hope of ar
resting tie apparently mad desire for war
evideneed by these traitors. This was
ysanted, but instead of being met by the
secession leaders in like pacific spirit,
il only emboldened them, made them
more arrogant, more threatening. They
used the leniency given them to strength
en- their preparations for war-lke attack,
and declared their purpose to whip the
government into measures. This they
have now actively attempted, and it only
remains to meet them with all the power
and sternress which the government can
exercise The North, slow to anger, will
pow be thoroughly aroused and united
Already the movement of troops East
ward has commenced, and the vengeance
of the government will fall heavily and
with CELEBRITY. If the issue must be the
entire supremacy or the destruction of
Slavery, We hope the North will accept
il, and we hope the conflict. if it must
90 on. will end in the total extinction OF
the inhuman system. If We must be
either slaves or abolitionists, let US be-
come the latter.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16

The Commissioners of the confederate
States have departed from Washington.
The last slave on the soil of Kansas
has been taken to Texas.
The Secretary of the Interior has d.
rected that no more land warrants be is
sued to citizens of the seeding States.
AT Foo Choo, China, there is bridge
a mile and half long, built 800 years
ago, of solid granite. 1t rests on 1870
arches.
A leading Ohio Democrat sends dis
patch to the President, as follows: "We
are for you to the death, if you will hold
Fort Sumter. The necessity Of holding
it is absolute
A letter from Havana confirms the re
ported annexation of Dominica to Spain.
The Spanish army to sustain the move
ment numbers 1000 men, and is support
ed by four steam frigates.
The Pawnee and Pocahontas sailed
last week from Norfolk, undoubtedly to
join the fleet off Charleston The fri.
gates Minnesota and Mississippi, at Phil
adelphia, are to be got ready for sea i'm
mediately.
Messrs. Abbott, extensive distillers at
Siden, Shelby county, Ohio, have recent
ly failed their liabilities are $4,000,
and assets only $4,000. Many farmers
in the surrounding country lose severely
by having trusted this firm for grain to
be converted into poison.
The working force at the Charleston
Navy yard has been increased to 1900
men. Rapid steps are made in fitting
out the Minnesota. Mississippi, Colorado
and Sloop of War Vincennes for sea-
The latter is destined for the coast of At
RIGA to relieve the Portsmouth.
President Lincoln saws he has positive
knowledge that An attack on Washington
is in contemplation. He has communi-
Gated this information to several Govern
ors of Northern and Western States. 1t
is understood that he desires them to call
out the militia and hold them in readi-
ness at moments warning. 1t is un-
derstood that Governor Curtin will call
out the Pennsylvania volunteers on the
least sign of danger, for the occupation
of the capital.
During the session of the Massachu-
sets Legislature the Governor was au-
thorized to increase the number of the
volunteer military and put 5000 troops
on war footing.
An emergency fund was placed at the
disposition of the Governor, but after
wards was Withdrawn at his request.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16

The policy of apparent inaction pur-
sued by the President since he came in.
to power, is causing uneasiness on the
part of some Of his friends. The New
York Times has gone so far as to insinu-
ate that the Administration is in want Of
a policy. 1t is to be presumed that the
President and his Cabinet are better ac-
quainted with the condition of things at
the South than any journalist or any one
man Of any profession, can be that they
have policy which is rapidly maturing
and that, at the proper time, it will be
divulged. II old Abe finds it necessary
to strike, he will do it deliberately and
coolly, aud when the blow comes, if
come it must, it will be telt.
Nothing, we may be assured. has
been lost by the apparent inaction of the
Administration. Things have been CON
stantly transporting which would aid Mr..
Lincoln i'll shaping his policy, and he is
much better prepared to do il now than
he could have been four weeks ago. The
elections which have taken place since
he delivered his Inaugural show that the
people of the North have the same conf
dence in him that they had last fall. He
must now be convinced that the Free
States will support him in maintaining
the principles on which he was elected.
The bids on the eight million loan must
have convinced the President that he
can have all the money he wants to car
ry on the Government, al reasonable
rates. and that confidence in the Nation
al Administration is increasing. for the
bids were much more favorable than
those received by Mr.. Dix short time
before Mr.. Buchanan went out of pow
er.
Mr.. Lincoln has taken time to watch
the movements of the Border States, and
to learn the sentiments Of the people
there. BY this time-we presume-he
is prepared to decide whether any reas-
enable concession not conflicting with
the principles of the Republican party,
will pacify those States and secure their
voluntary adhesion TO the Union. We
may be assured that the recent and rap
id development of public sentiment in
all parts Of the country has enabled the
President to determine his policy, and
that that policy will soon be developed.
To the friends Of the Union We Soy, be
patient Dubuque Times.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16

and seem to be preparing to participate
in the conflict The fire Of Morris Is
land and Moultrie is divided between
Sumter and the ships Of war. The ships
have not yet opened.
LATER-The batteries of Sullivan's
Island, Cummings Point and Stevens
battery are pouring shot and shell into
Fort Sumter. Major Anderson does not
return the fire.
Fort Sumter is still on fire. There
has just been two explosions at Fort
Sumter.
The LATEsr.-CHARLEsroN, April l3,
P. M. The Federal flag was again hoist
ed, when Porcher Miles, with flag Of
truce, went to the Fort. In few min
utes the Federal flag was again drawn
down by Major Anderson, and the white
flag again unfurled.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16
~ Popular Sovereignty Exemplihed.

/. Popular Sovereignty - Exemplified.
Ey- The Cipiiian quotes, approvingly,
from the recent speech Of Alexander ii
Stephens, Vice President Of the Southern
Confederacy, in which the most ultra
ground is taken on the subject OF sla-
very. This Mr.. Stephens, whom the GU
liam calls " one Of the most conserva-
i've men Of the South" was in the late
Presidential Campaign most ARGENT
supporter of Mr.. Douglas and his pet
doctrine of popular sovereignty In
The speech referred to, which was deliv
cred at Savannah, Ga, March 2lst, he
throws off the Douglas mask, and comes
uut fiat footed in favor Of the Divine orr
gin of slavery. The Democracy at the
North, - what few there are left OF it
are rapidly drifting into the same posi-
lion, and if they had the honesty of Mr..
Stephens, they would openly avowit. To
show exactly what views are entertained
BIZ Mr.. s.. we quote from his speech a
short extract, which the CiOilian coperHy
approves:
.iThe oundations of our now Government
ara laid its cornerstone rests upon the great
truth that the negro is not equal to the white
man that Slavery, subordinatlon To the SUI
p.rior race is his natural and normal condi-
lion. This our new Government, is the first,
IN the history Of the world, based upon tins
great physical, philosophical, and moral truth.
The lime is not far distant when there
viii be no neutral opinions entertained
in reference to slavery. 1t is al:eady too
!..,e il, the day for party TO succeed
which persslently ignores the question
OF right and wrong as applied to the
peculiar institution" The Southern
TASK masters who furnish the brains and
vitality of the Democratic party will be
satisfied with nothing but the bold
and shameless assertion OF the idea laid
down by Mr.. Stephens. That idea must
hereafter be the corner st.ne Of the Dem
,ocratic temple. and all who will not bow
down and worship it, will be stigmatised
% epe,nies OF Southern rights y The
issue forced upon the Northern people
will be readily accepted. and the great
battle will DO fought and won. The right
will surely triumph, and it matters not
how soon the issue 8 decided.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16

Eighteen miles will soon be added to
the Dubuque, Marion and Western road,
from Anamosa to Marion the Mississi-
ppi and Missouri road will soon push on
from Marengo to Grinnell seven hun
dred men are at work on the road lead
ing westward from Cedar Rapids, and
grading is progressing on most of the
roads in the Southern part of the State
Considering what is and has been the
condition of the times for nearly four
years, Iowa has accomplished wonders
in the line of railroads. Dubuque Times.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16

EN MooSY, indicted in Dubuque
county, for TO murder OF WOODS, and
whose case was taken to Delaware Coun-
~. was convicted at the late term of the
District Court Of murder in the second
degree, and sentenced by Judge Wilson
to twenty five years imprisonment in the
State prison. The jury signed recon-
mendation for executive clemency, which
will be presented st some future time by
his counsel.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
ORIGINAL NOTICE.
TO w. w. WHITE

SIR-You are hereby notified that there is
now on file in the office of the Clerk of the Dis
trict Court in and for Buchanan County, Iowa,
petition of w. G. Donnan, claiming of you
the sum of Sixty seven dollars as due him on
commission for effecting sale of land for you in
the winter of 1880. And that unless you
appear and answer thereto on or before the
morning of the second day of the September
Term, A. D. 1851 of the District Court in and
for said county, jud gment will be rendered
against you thereon, in accordance with plain
tiff S petition. You are also notified that your
property is attached and held as security for
the payment of said debt
4-w4) A. B. LEWIS, Atty. for Plff
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16

New York, April 13.-Dispatches re-
ceived from Col. Waite, commander OF
The Texas forces, states that strong
Union feeling is growing.
Gov. Houston predicts the return OF
the secessionists to their allegiance. They
are terribly excited.
Houston has been offered armed sup
port by Germans in every part OF the
State, but declined it.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16
Ey- Five volunteer companies OF

EY- Five volunteer companies OF
Washington marched last week to the
War Department. and took the army
oath. They were told that the time Of
service would be three months. Those
who refused to take the oath were Kissed
by the citizens. Additional forces have
been ordered to Washington, and addi-
tional precautions are being taken to pre-
serve the capital.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16
Good Currency.

~ We append list of the Illinois
Banks which are at par in Chicago. and
which no one need fear to take. We also
give the amount of their present crcu-
lation, together with the value of their
securities
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16

BosToN, April 13.-Adjutant Generals
Office was this morning thronged with
officers of the State militia, offering their
commands to the governor. An extensive
war feeling has been aroused. Govern
or Andrew. leaves for Washington this
p. M.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16

To these should be added the Lancas.
caster, Pamet and Humboldt Banks and
Bank of Naperville, who have recently
made their securities good.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16

Boston, April l3.-The war news
from Charleston creates profound sem
sation in this city and throughout the.
State. The general sentiment is that the
Federal government is right, and ought
to be sustained.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16

Providence, April 13.-Gov. Sprague
vices of the marine, artillery and 1000
infantry. and offers to accompany them
himself.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1861-04-16

ED- Among the Patents issued by the
Patent Office for the week ending April
9Th, as reported in the National RepudA-
can, is one to Ransom Bartle, of this
place. for Improvement in Water Eleva-
tors