Indiana State sentinel. (Indianapolis, Ind.) 1861-1865, 1861-01-09

ence, set apart Tor the cOlOnlZaUOn OF the non
slaveholding States. while Kentucky and territory
of Tennessee, Alabama and Mississippi was re-
served for the colonization of the slaveholding
States. That settled the whole question for the
first thirty years ofthe Confederation. New States
were admitted with slavery and without slavery,
and no controversy ensued. The acquisition of
the Louisiana territory brought on the next con-
troversy That, after great dispute, was settled
on substantially the same principle. The State of
Missouri was admitted as a slavehOlding State be
cause its principal settlement had been slavehold-
ing. But the line of SO deg. 30 min. being the
south boundary of Missouri, was extended west
ward to the territories of the United States. Thus
we see, in point of fact, that from the earliest
period of the MISUNDERSTANDING in view the
peculiar institutions of the two classes of labor,
from the days of the Revolutionary fathers-the
common Territories have been partitioned, in pro-
portion to their numbers between the slavehold-
ing and non-slaveholding States. / say, there
FORE that, in 1913, was one ofthose who believed
it would be wise policy to continue that line to the
Pacific. Everywhere then there sentiment
raised in the Northern States, hue and cry for
the prohibition of slavery in all the Territories,
whether the people themselves desired it not
In the midst of that excitement the principle and
policy.of the continuation of the Missouri com
promise line was trampled under foot.
We looked around for another leader. We
found that, being unable to continue that policy,
we must take whatever we could get We adopted
the doctrine of non-intervention by Congress
leaving every State when she came into the
Union, free to establish abolish slavery, she
chose; that during the Territorial form of govern
ment the state and condition of the people whether
slaveholding or nOn-slaveholding, should be ju-
dicial question: to be determined by the Supreme
Court of the United States. That was the COM
promise of 1850. [Applause.l Four years after
ward il became necessary TO organize the Terri
tories of Kansas and Nebraska. To organize them
upon the policy of the Missouri compromise line,
would be to contradict the letter of the compro-
mise of 1850, and to organize them upon the prin-
ciples of the compromise of 1850, was to repeal
the vestige of the famous policy of the Missouri
compromise. In my Judgment, the South did a
fatal and an unwise thing when she raised that
question: while Northern men who had supported
the compromise of 1850 felt that they were put to
a question of personal consistency. | can not
but think that it would have been the highest
exhibition of statesmanship in modern times
for some man to have trampled the logic of the
question under foot in order to have reached
the practical effect Applause. Logic is a
great science, but it is not always safety in pO-
litical affairs. Applause. The greatest wis
dom of the politicians is not to argue unneces
sary questiOns-not TO raise unnecessary ISSUES
or unnecessary controversies; therefore, while
leII rs one OF party, III tilt
South demanded from me that non inteTven
ton should be established in the Territories o.
Kansas and Nebraska l could not consist
emily refuse it, felt then as have ever since
felt and said, and as | say now, that it one o
the most fatal demands ever made for the peace
and quiet of the country. Appause Some o
my Republican friends say the Democratic part,
did very wrong. Granting that it did the Demo
cratic party has been punished for it. Applaus
in every Northern State. They formerly con
trolled every Northern State. They had tn
power in Congress in every State except Ohio an
one member from Indiana. There was not
single Representative in Congress who did not be
long to the Democratic party. Applause.
Worse than all that, we have lived TO see on
party in national Convention torn apart on abstraC
questions which we might have avoided. Crie
of "good for you.'l If, therefore, the Democrat
party be in fault, am sure my friends of the Or
position will admit that we have paid for it. AI
plausel The strength, and life, and vigor, Q
what is now known as the Republican party wa
based upon the sense of resentment in the mind
of the people of the North at the abrogation @
the Missouri Compromise Applause and erie
of that's so.''l Was it not the cry every where
that the Democratic party had broken the peac
of the country? [Cries of ''it was" Why, ther
to-day, when the Democratic party, after th
TO restore the Missouri compromise in thrice il
original effect, why then, say, do we not find tn
Republicans rising in body to meet usY Hissin
and applause. | desire to speak frankly on th
subject, gentlemen, for, as i said in the start,
did not come here to fatter any party. Al
plause.l
1t is no use for us to 90 beyond the wisdor
of our Fathers. The division of 1877, and tn
division of 1870, indicate to US sufficiently, tina
| ,ob Mill prokahlx- ho III,
line between the free or non-slaveholding State:
and the slaveholdng States. Applause.
Ny friends, have been accused of being
squatter sovereignty man laughter. not merel
here in Cincinnati but in the city of Charlesto
itself TApplause.l This will give me squatte
security as much as l want of it. Applause
The Territorial Legislatures of Kansas and N,
braska have excluded slavery but the Territoris
Legislature of New Mexico, including Arizoni
has twice, by unanimous vote, established SLAYER
south of the line of which have spoken. 1t
the will of the people. The people regard that a
! the natural line of division. Applause. Blu
, then, some gentlemen will say, why not enact
| law? The first answer is, that in so doing, "
encounter the decision of the Supreme Court
the United States. Whether that decision t
right or wrong, it is sufficient that nothing Ca
give peace or harmony which is open to que
ton from such high authority. In the mel
/
gress, there will be perpetual agitation bot
| North and South for the repeal of it. I'll
fanatics on the Northern side of it will call
| covenant with death and an agreement wit
| hell The fanatics on the Southern side wi
stigmatze it as an insult to Southern inst
tutions, and war upon their rights. i hoI
very little from the extremists of either side.
hope the people of the border States, whose pea,
and interests and prosperity are bound up in tl
| Of tho TTniaa / hapa thav will
as one man to restore this line by an amendmel
to the Constitution, declaring it to be unalterab
except by the voice of all the States. Gre
cheering That is the first chapter of the Cri
tenden proposition. Applause. That the liz
of Sc deg. 80 min. shall be re established by col
stitutional amendment throughout the presel
Territories of the United States-that north
that line, during their Territorial condition
slavery shall not be admitted, and that south
that it shall not be excluded applausel tn
when the people come to form the State gOveu
ments, whether north or south of the line the pc
pie of every State may retain slavery or refuse
bring it in or drive il out, as they see fit. Al
plausel Now, why should it not be so? Son
gentleman will tell you that he considers slavel
a very bad Institution. Be it Another wi
tell me he considers il injurious to both the ma
ter and the slave. That is none of our bushes
Prolonged applause. When the question COM
as do her soil and her climate and her produ
tions | shall be among the foremost to resist
| i will resist il while can.
Now, nv fellow citizens, let us look at Il
question whether it is any part of our bushes
as citizens of Ohio, to engage in any enterpri
for the abolition of slavery within the States
which it now exists by law. What is the matt
with the mercantile community of Cincinnati Il
day? The only real blessing of the Union whiC
we feel, or can feel, is perfect, uninterrupted fir
trade applausel with every other State of tn
Union. That is the principle blessing which v
of Cincinnati enjoy to-day. We of the Unite
States are - situated, covering as we do cou
try extending from the frigid to the torrid zon
! and from the Atlantic to the Pacific ocean, wi
such varie les of soil and productions, that d
very interchange of Productions between Il
different States not only contributes to the hapT
ness of each, but employs our railroads and o.
steamboats, and gives activity to all our CONNIE
cial and manufacturing enterprises. Great Brita
has sought for two hundred years to accomph
, l.. al SAa1