Litchfield enquirer., 1861-12-12

.o tnem without the approbation of Congres
 supnllt Tor your consideration the expediency
 sn appropriation for maintaining charge de l. lairs near each of these new states. Ii doos r admit of doubt that important commerciaI vantages might be secured by favorable treat m e THE TREASURY,
 me operations of the treasury during the f1od which has elapsed since your adonrnui l nave been conducted with signal snccess T ) patriotism of the people has placed at tb. d , posal o1 the government the laroa meo,r , manded by the public exigencies Nncb of f national loan has been taken by citizens or t
 industrial classes, whose confidence in their oor
 trys ialth and zeal for their country's dcliveran
 rom It's present peril have induced them to m co
 tr,oate to the support of the government il
 Wnole or their limited acquisitions This fa imposes peculiar obligations to economy in di
 oursement rs and energy in action.
 me revenue from all sources, includinp loar LOT ,ao, the financial year ending on the 3Oth Jun I, leol' was elghty-six millions eight hundred ap eal enlrtynVe @ thousand nine hundred dollars (86 eeoo;Soo) and twenty cents, and the expenditure @ LOT the same tn period, including payments on g, . roulit o. the public debts, were eighty four mi ea a,o1. ., n.e hundred and seventyeight thousan
 ing balance in the treasury on the first of .Tnl of two million two hundred and ffty-scyen tlor sand and sixty-five dollars and eighty cents f., the irst quarter of the financial year eu,linr o tie II. 'oth September, 1861. The receipts iron ai sources, including the balance of July lst were one hundred and two million five hundred ant th'fty-two thousand five hundred and nine dol l!is ana tMenty-seyen cents, and the expense; nlhety-elSht million two hundred and thirty mine thousand seven hundred and thrty-three dollars ana nine cents, leaving balance, on the 1st nl october, 1861, of four million two hundred and ninety two thousand seven hundred and seventy SIX dollars and eighteen cents. , Estimates for the remaining three quarters of ne year and for the financial year of 1863. to- 'etEer with his views of the ways and means for Heetlhg the demands contemplated by them, will @ ,e submitted to Congress by the Secretary of the Treasury.
 he rasoGcas GPetpd of e oy pco t4 and to believe hat the same patriotism which has thus far sus- aimed the government will continue to sustain it ill peace and Union shall again bless the land.
 THE ARMY.
 respectfully refer to the report of the Secre- ary Of War for information respecting the num- srcial strength of the army. and for recommend atIons having in view an increase of its efficiency md the well being of the various branches of the service intrusted to his care It is gratifying to 1now that the patriotism of the people has prov d equal to the occasion, and that the number of ,roCps rendered greatly exceeds the force which Congress authorized me to call into tie field. i 'eer with pleasure to those portions of his report which make ailusion to the crcditable degree of discipline already attained by our troops. and to he excellent sanitary condition of the entire 'rmy. The recommendation of the secretary for III organization of the militia upon a uniform 'aSis is q subject of vital importance to the uturc safety of the country, and is commended o the serious attention of Congress. The large addition to the regular army. in connection with he detecton that has so considerably diminish d the number of its officers, gives peculiar i'm oortance to his recommendation for increasing he corps of cadets to the greatest capacity of he military academy. By mere omission, pre- for the hospitals occupied by tie volunteers.
 This subject was brought to my notice, and was induced to draw up the form of a letter, one copy of which, properly addressed, llas been de- ivered 10 each of the persons, and at the dates named and stated in schedule, con aiEing also the form of tEe letter, marked A. and herewith transmitted. These gentlemen, l entered upon the duties designated tt the times respectively stated in the schedule, md have labored faithfully therein ever since.- therefore recommend that they be compensated 1t the same rate as chaplains in the army.
 further suggest that general provision be made for chaplains to serve at hospitals as well IS with regiments.
 THE NAVY.
 The report of the Secretary of the Navy pre- sented in detail the operations of that branch of the seryice the activity and energy which have it's administration, and the results of measures to increase its efficiency and power Such have been the additions by construction aud purchase that it may almost be said 8 navy has been created and brought into service since our difficulties commenced.
 Besides blockading our extensive coast, squad rons larger than ever before assembled under our flag have been put afoat, and performed deeds which have increased our naval renown.
 would invite special attention to the recon. of the secretary for a more perfect organization of the navy. by introducing addi- tional grades in the service. The present organ ization is defective and unsatisfactory, and the suggestions submitted by the department will. it is believed, if adopted, obviate the difficulties alluded to, promote harmony and increase the efficiency of the navy.
 THE SUPREME COURT VACANCIES.
 There are three vacancies on the bench of the Supreme Court-two by the decease of Justices Daniel and Mclean, and one by the resignation of Justice Campbell. 1 have so far forborne making nominations to fill the vacancies, for req r1r,l,.1 -k. Il~ ing judges resided within the states now overrur by revolt, so that if successors were appointed r the same localities they could not now serve up on their circuits, and many of the most compe tent men there probably would not take the per. sonal hazard of accepting to serve, even here upon the Supreme bench.
 have been unwilling to throw all the appoint meets northward, thus disabling myself from do ing justice to the South on the return of peace although may remark that to transfer to the North one which has heretofore been in the South would not, with reference to territory ant population, be unjust.
 JUDICIAL DISTRICTS.
 During the long and brilliant judicial career o Judge Mclean his circuit grew into an enlTir altogether too large for any one judge to giv the courts therein more than nominal atten dance, rising in population from one million fou hundred and seventy thousand and eighteen il 1889, to six million one hundred and fifty-on thousand four hundred and five in 1860. Besi des this, the country generally has outgrown ou judicial system.
 If uniformity was at all intended, the syster requires that all the states shall be accommoda ted with Circuit Courts attended by Suprem judges, while in fact Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iows Kansas, Florida, Texas, California, and 0rego have never had any such courts.
 4