The Jeffersonian Democrat. [volume] (Chardon, Ohio) 1854-1865, 1861-12-13
WHOLE NO., 629.


too, for sometime In doubt, Is now decid-
eddy, and | think unchangably ranged on
; The side Of the Union. Missouri is com.
; parailvely quiet, and l believe cannot
again be overrun by the insurgents
These three States, Maryland, Kentucky
: and Missouri, neither Of which would
I promise single soldier st frst, have now
. an aggregate Of not less than 40, 600 in
the field for the Union, while of their citi-
gems not more than third 10 number arc
among the insurgents and they of doubt
ful whereabouts and existence.
Aftor bloody struggle Of months vim
tor closes on tho Union people of Western
Virginia, leaving them masters of their own
country. An insurgeDt forco of about 1900
for months dominating tho neraow peninsu-
lar region constituting the counties of Ac-
, comac and Northampton, and known as tho
Eastern Shore of Virginia, together with
, some contiguous parts of Maryland, havo
laid down thor arms, and the people there
+ have renewed their allegiance to, and ao-
cepted the protection of the old flag. This
, Ioaves no armed force north Of the Potomac
or east of the Chesapeake,
Also VIC have obtained footing at each of
the Isolated points on the southern COASTS
of Hatteras, Pou Royal, Tybee Island near
Savannah and Ship Island, and wo likewise
have some general accounts of the popular
movements in behalf of the Union ia North
Carolina and Tennessee. These things dem
onstrate that tho cause of the Union is ad-
vaucing steadily southwark.
Since your last adjournment Lieut.. Gen.
Scot: has refined from the head of the
army. During his long life the nation
has not been unmindful Of his merit vet
on calling TO mird how faithfully, ably
and brilliantly he has served the country.
, from time far back in our history, whea
{ few Of the now living had been born, and
!, thenceforward continually, cannot but
think that we are still bis debtor. sub
mil, therefore, for your consideration what
further mark Of recognition is due to him
and ourselves as a grateful people.
With the retirement Of Gen. Scot. came
the Executive duty Of appointing 10 his
place General-in- Chief Of the army. 1t
is fortunate circumstance that neither
in council nor country was there so far az
l know. any difference Of opinion as to the
: proper person to be seleced. The retir-
ing chief repeatedly expressed his jucg-
ment in favor Of Gen, Mcclellan for the
position, and in this the nation seemed to
= give an unanimous concurrence. The
' designation OF Gen. Nc Clellan is therefore
: in considerable degree tho selection of
D the country as woll as of the Executive
{ and hence there is better reason to bope
;, there will be given him the eorfdence aud
s cordial support thus BY fair implication
promised. and without which be cannot
E with 80 full efficiency serve the country.
1 Ii hos been said that one bad General ID
3 better than two good ones, and the saying
E Is true, II taken to mean no more than that
an army is better directed by q single mind,
though inferior. than by two superior ones
at variance and cross purposes, and the
: samc is true in all joint operations wherein
, those engaged can have none but = common
end in view, and can differ only as to the
8 choice OF means. In storm at sea no ono
on board can wish the ships to sink, and yet
f not unirequently all go down together be-
= cause too many will drec., and no single
mind can he allowed TO control. 1t con-
tinues to deveope that the instruction ia
largely If not exclusively q war upon the
d first principles of a popular Government
e and the rights Of the people. Conclusive
: evidence of this is found in the most grave
and naturely considered public documents
as we'll as in the general tone Of the insur-
gents. In these documents &c hnd tho
> abridgmen: of tho existing right of suffrage
and the denial to the people Of all right to
participate in tl.e selection of public officers.
r except the legislative body, advocated with
It labored arguments to prove that largo con-
e troll of the government in the people 10 the
source of all political evil. Monarchy itself
7 is sometimes limited at as possible refuge
from the error of the people. In my pres
ent position l could scarcely be justified.
were TO omit raising warning voice
against this approach OF returning despet-
E ism.
5 1t is not needed, nor fitting here, that
+ general argument should be made in favor
of popular institutions, but :bere is one
, point, with its connections. not 60 hackneyed
as most others, to which ask q brief atten-
tioo. 1t is the effort to place capital on an
: equal footing with. if not above, labor, in
| tie structure of government. II is assumed
e that labor is available only in connection
e with capital; that nobody iabors unless
s somebody else, owning capital, somehow by
the use Of it, induces them TO labor This
assumed it 10 next considered whether it ia
best that capital shall hire laborers. and
thus induce them TO work by their own
J. consent, or levy them and drive them 10 it
Il without their consent. Having proceeded
i 30 lar u 70 naturally cOncIuueu 'nat al IaooT-
Il ers arc either hired laborers or ~hat We call
p slaves, and further, II is assumed that who
!, ever is once a hired laborer is fixed in thai
;, condition for life.
n Now there is no such relation between
$ capital and labor as assumed, nor is there
4 any such thing as freeman being fixed
for life in the condition of hired laborer.
q Both Of these assumptions are false, and
all infcrences from them are groundless.
Labor is prior to.and independent OF capi-
tai. Capita! is only the fruit OF labor, and
could never have existed il labor had not
1 first existed. Labor Is the superior et
capital and deserves much the higher con-
siderslion. Capital has its rights which
are as worthy OF protection ss any other
4 rights. Nor is il denied that there is, and
n probably always will be a relation be-
$ tween LABOR and capital producing mutual
A benefits. The error is in assuming that
+ the whole labor Of community exists with
I, in that relation. A few men own capital.
. and that lew avoid labor, and with their
. capital hire or buy a few to labor for them.
a A large majority belong to neither class.