Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1861-12-05

he insurccnt States, and there is vast amount Of
iebt, constituting such claims. Some have csti-
mated il as high as 30 .0Oo,n00 dollars. due in
large parts from Insurgents IN open rebellion to
oval citizens, who are even now making grea
sacrifices In the discharge of their patriotic duty to
support the Government. Under these circutnstsn-
ccs have been ,urgc3sly solicited TO establish by
mi Iitary over, courts to administer summary
nst;cc in such cases have thus far dcclned to
do il, not because had any doubt that the emf
collection OF debt--sas just and
light in itself, but because l have been unwilling
to go beyond the pressure OF necessity in the uuu
s,lal exercises ofpowcr. But the powers Of Con
rress, suppose. are equal to the anomalous occa
sion,- anil therefore | refer the whole matter to
Con.rcss With he hope that ol may be devised
for the administration of Justice in all such parts
of The insurcent States and Territories as may be
under the control of the Government, whether by
a voluntary resuru to allegiance AMI order, or by
the power of our arms; this, however, net 10 be
pc manent institution. but temporary substitute,
and cease rs soon the ordinary courts can be
rc-cstablished in peace. -"
PAYMENT OF xATioS L OBLIGATIONS.
Hisimportant that some more convenient means
should he provided, il possible, for the adjustment
of claims against The Government. especially in
view OF their increased number by reason of the
war. II isas much the duty OF the Government to
render prompt justice against itself in favor Of
citizens, as it is to administer the sans between
private individuals The investigation and adju-
dcation of all claims in their nature belong to the
Judicial Department.; besides, il il apparent that
the attention of Congress will be than usual
" ep gagged Tor some time to come with great
tional questions. 1t was intended by the organi-
cation Of the Court of Cl.ims mainly to remove
this branch of business from the halls of Congress
But while the Court has proved to be as effective
and valuable means of investigation, if. in u
great degree. fails to effect the object of its
alton for want of power to make its judgment final
Fully aware of the dccacy. not to say the
danger, of the subject, co:ainenl 10 your careful
consi lerstion whether this power OF NH ing judg-
ments fnal may not be properly given to the
Cours. reservipg the right of anpeai questions
of law to the Supreme Court, with sIch other pro
visions as experience ma. have shown to be ne
cessary.
CONDITION OF TIE Posr OFFICE.
ask attention to the report Of the Pos. Master
General. the following being summary statement
of the condition of the Department: The revenue
from all sources during the fiscal year ending the
3lth of June. 1861 including the annual permanent
appropriation of 81 ,00D 900 for the transportation
OF Tree mail matter 0l9, 296, 10, being about
two per cent. less than the resenne of 1869. The
expenditures were Sl3,6D6, 1911 showing de-
crease of more than eight per cent. as compared
cess of expenditures the revenue for the last
fiscal year. of over 1851 502,7l. The gross :ev-
for the year cnliny June 30. 1862. is es,ima-
ted increase Of four per cent on that Of 1861
making Ss,6s3000. to which should be added the
earnings of the Department. for carrying free NJ
ter, viz. 500, 0U0, making S9,a93,0O0 The to-
tai expenditures for 1862 are estimated at Sl2,-
52S 900; leaving estimated deficiency of 50,
1000 to be supplied from the Treasury in addi-
ton to the present appropriation iH
REoRcASIzrSG THE eisrRicr OF COLUMBIA.
The present instruction shows think that the
extension Of this District across the Potomac river
at the time Of establishing the capitol here assent
ncntly wise. and consequently that tue rclinqnish-
ment of that portion oft which lies in the State
Of Virginia. was nnwise and dangerous submit
for your consideration the cxpediency OF retaining
that part of the District and the restoration of the
original boundaries thereof, through negotiations
with the State Of Virginia.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
The port Of the Secretary of the Interior, Will
the accomp lnying Documents. exhibit the condition
of the several branches of the public business per
tanning to that Department. The depressing in.
tucnccs Of the insurrccton have been especial,
felt in the operations of the Patent and General
Land Offices The cash receipts from the sales oil
pusl;e lands during the last year have exceeded the
expenses OF our land system only about $1,000
The sales haze been entirely suspended in the
Southern States, while the interruptions to the bus
mess OF the country and the diversion Of large
numbers of men from labor to military service has
obstrueted settlements in the States and Ter
rit0ries of the Northwest. The receipts of the
Patent Office have declined in nine months about
Sloo,U30, rendering large reduction OF the force
employed necessary to make il self sustaining
The dem :nIs upon the Pension Ollie win be large
ly increased by the Instruction. The numerou.
applications Tor pensions based upon the casualties
OF the existing war have already been made
There is reason to believe that many Who are now
upon the pension roll and in receipt Of the bounty
OF the Government. are ia the ranks Of thc iasur-
gent army. or giving them aid and comfo~t. The
Secretary ofthe Interior has directed the suspcn
sion OF the payment Of the pensions Of such person.
upon proof of their disloyalty. l recommend thai
Congress authorize that officer to cause the names
oil such persons 10 be stricken from tho pension
rolls.
THE ISpisv TRIBES.
= The relations of the Government with the Tn,i-
an tribes have been lately disturbed by the nsur.
recton, especially in the Northern Superintendent
cy, and In that Of New Mexico. The Indian coun
Try south of Kansas is in possession of insurgents
from Texas and Arkansas The agents Of the
uni;ed States, appointed since the 4th of March
Tor THIS SUPPLEMENTARY have been unable 10 reach
their posts, while the most OF those who we're in
Office before that time have cspoused The insurrcc
tionary cause and assumed tn exercise the mower al
agents by virtue ofcommissions from the insurrcc-
eohsts - las been stated in the public press
'ha'r portion ofthesc Indians have been organized
Is mIiittry force, and attached to the army OF
the insurgents. although the Government has nc
oncial Information upon the subject Letters have
been written to the Commissioner of Indian At.
airs by several prominent chiefs. giving assurance
Oh their loyalty to the United States, and express
ing wish for the presence of the Federal troops
70 protect them IL is believed that ON the repos
session OF The country by the Federal forces the
Indians Will re IDLY oesse all hostile domonstra
t,sns' ami resume their former relations to the
Government.
AN AGRICULTURAL BUREAU.
Agriculture comics sedly the largest interest Of
the nation, has not Department or Bureau. but 4
ccierkshp only assigned to it in the Government
"nie It Is fortunate that this great interest is Sc
independent IN its nature rs not 10 have dem anded
and extorted more from the Government, respect
FULLY ask Congress to consider whether something
more cannotbc given voluntarily With general adj
vantage Annual reports exhibiting the condition
OIL our agriculture, commerce and manufactures
present fund Of Information of great practical
value to the country. While mske no sugges
ton as to details. venture the opinion that an ag
rcuifural and statistical bureau light pro6tabIy be
organized
/ the SLAVE TRADE.
The execution Of the laws for the suppression OIL
the African slave trade. has been confined to the
Department Of the Interior. It's subject of con
gratulatlon tlaatthe cif,rts which have been made
Tor the suppression of this inhuman traffic, have
been attended with unusual success. Five vessel: