davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1861-07-25

PEN1TESr Prisoners. day alter Gen
Mcclellan released his secession prisoners
a. Beverly bueler Of the Federal camp
went cut come distance from his companions,
was tirca upoa by tro Of the released prison.
ere, and instantly killed. Ono ball took off
the poor bugler'4 chin, and the ofker passed
through his head. He Has thus murdered BY
tiles Of the United States have .lrcady tos ma
ny newspaper advisers, and we have no aispo-
sitioa to add ourselves to the list but vs.
venture to say thAt It Wsuld be well, at least,
to tic the prisoners up to tres with pi-c9
Of tHine uEtu the mar aris,,oTtr.-1Xhee!ing IntU
, 1861-07-25

INTERNAL MAcu1NEs-The Richmond En-
a,aineT has a1ettcr from a correspondent at
Norfolk, dated July OH, which says that "Cap.
lain Mau1y, late Of the Washington obsersa-
tcry, len tlis morning. It is understood that
he hes been planting in the approaches to this
place come the most formidable submarine
batteries. They will be quite match for any
iron plated Ehips that the enemy can bring.
The Ike a.c TO be planted in MI our rivers, 80
Us 10 1erdcr our cities and people perfectly Sc
cure against any approaches BY water."
, 1861-07-25

F1EE IN TILE WooDs.-A fire has b:e:i for
eomc time raging in the woods in thc re5lon
of Forestyille, Saniluc county. The Living
ston JSGsrsonion states that the ire had com
total destruction. The stone house Of G. F.
Smith, about two miles south Of Forestyi1e,
had been burned with It's entire contents.
The lcss on the building WAS about 81 600, Ind
on the goods which belonged to Aessrs. Cur
It's E Thomas, Of Toledo, 81 500, partially H.
surcd. A large dwelling house anil b2rn In
the vicinity, belonging 10 a. Mr. Ward, Was
a1aO DESTROYED,
, 1861-07-25

What is accomplished by this. Pre-
ciscly nothing thai could not be b:ttcr :.c-
comp1isAcd without it An exchange is
made lctwccn the hides and -four that, but
for the existence Of this abnormal s5s:ca
Of banking, would be made by simple bar
ter, Or: t1iangu1ar1y, with money ut real
prices, and all the rest is unminslcd evil.
AL these parties haye their Obligations
and their prosperity suspended under 81
tickle scacmc of fictitious value, measuring
prices 1.y The shifting and capricious vol
ume Of bank loans, instead Of the natural
volume OF money. $4,000 Of debt cur
rtncy is created, which expels so much gold
IN dead loss, or rercls the same by keeping
money cheaper than merchandise, prevent
ing tAe production and the sale Of goods
and consequent accumulation Of capital
for tlc amount, and the absence Of this
money aud capital compels other mcr-
chants to do business through debt and
credit in The same way, and become the
tools Of the same atrocious system.
And 1lis is but one exchange: the flour
will lie sold again and again before it
reaches The consumer, as the wheat may
have been sold again aud again before it
was converted into -four. AS 10 hides, they
frequently pass through eleven sepcratc
sales on credit between the f1sying Of the
creature and the consumption OF shoes,
inclusive. Ali these sales multiply s'hc
d1bt, as above, uron the same item ofcap-
ital-tllc hides or the finished commodity
being the only capital employed, each sale
producing four-lo1d the sum Of the cx-
changed capital in useless debt, and eight
fold as much debt as the sum Of money
necessary to make the exchange without
any debt at ALL It is obvious that $4,000
Of money in the hands Of the merchant
might have made this exchange and pre-
vented this $4,000 Of debt, and the same
money having completed this, will make
the further exchanges required to come,
the same value Of hides or flour, or any.
thing else from producer to consumer and
bring returns; it is not consumed by ex.
pcn1iture,
, 1861-07-25

This is qucstlon which will present itseH
to almost every one Who must travel any great
distance, or make any special effort to attend
the forthcoming annual staate Fair. ihefe
a1e IN every community those who estimate
the value Of everything BY the return OF dol
lars nud cents it will securo to them; and In
consideration Of the present condition OF the
country-that .manufa ctories are principally
suspended, and every branch of trade md
commerce more or less -depressed-the num-
ter will be very large Of those Hho count the
cost and calculate the gain, before they CON
clrde to cu1le. This condition OF Affairs, how
ever. is hut temporary, while the interests in
vui,sl aud the benefits to be derived from m
Attendance upon tbis Fair, me permanent. We
arc rronictd (Gcn. viii. ::2), that " While the
.,,asb r. u,aineth, seed.timo and harvest shall
not ceasc.'' The 1'e,n.dneny OF the farmera'
calling is guaranteed. The most important
aud yalualle ipfcraation to him, then, is how
to p1c1rce the largest regular annual yield Of
G1ain, stock or f1ait, Of the best quality. At
ibis fair be will see an exhibition Of every
class Of farm products, and cen learn how
eatt particular yield Was produced. He might
b1;rf1y exnerimpnt Bpon his own farm for
y.a,s ard not ps;n rs much valuable practical
tpowlcdsc "a be will learn during the Fair
frcm the results Of the experiments Of scores
Ct other farmers.
RI the programme Of the furthcom-
ipg exhibition, nc notice the following
classes have separate departments and
special Supcrintcndcnts Cattle, horses,
sheen hces, poultry, agricultural i'm.
elements. MECHANICAL articles, farm products,
hc1+it n1,nral prndacts fine arts. muaical in
strr1nepts textile fabrics, natural history, &c.
Tlis Fair is 10 he an exhibition Of all the
best results attained by those most skilled in
every department Of Agriculture, Horticul-
tprc. Horticulture. Mechanics, Science, Art,
Domestic Economy, &c. There is scarcely an
jrdiyid,a1 auy where but feels special 1nte-
rest in sorne one or more of these department=,
, 1861-07-25

No othcr PAPER has the News. :
The following, from the Nashville (Te1n.)

Ga:1te, NIL be a rare BIT Of news at Cairo:
"We learn from gentleman direct from
Hickman, Ky., that Cen Prentiss, with num-
ber OF his men, left Giro on Monday last and
t. miles. On Tuesday evening be reached
Wolf leland, and effected landing. He after
wards left the boat and made q reconnoitering
expedition through the country. 4 party OF
MiEseuriauE, numbering upwards Of 400, who
were stationed at different points on the oppo-
site side Of the river, watched his movements
and nhen he was known to boa reasonable dis
tance from the boat, they crossed the river,
surrounded Prenlss and his party, and took
tken priEonc1s." !:
, 1861-07-25

Tbs Kentucky Union troops, commanded
bY Col. Rousseau, haye named their camp in
homer Il the patriotic Ex Postmaster General
Holt. The cainp is on the Indiana side OF the
Ohio, opposite Louisville, between Jefferson
vile ana New Albany. The Spirit at Jcffer-
tongille thus describes it.:
This magnificent camp has already become
cne oi the institutions or this place, and the
numerous visitors pouring in daily from Lou-
ihrille, and ether points, keep up lively
travel between our city aad the calna. On
Sunday last, the numbtr Of visitors might safe
y be computed at che thousand. 4 sermon
Taa delivered on the camp grounds in the
morning, by gool old father Holman, Of Louis
Tille-
Camp Jo. Holt is located on the point this
eide OF the bend, below The falls OIL the Ohio,
about enc mile below this city. TIC scenery
in and around the camp grounds Is very attr,c-
tive, md Just such spot as ths p0el would
select to call forth his sublime conceptions,
and Fen Lis living portraits Of nature The To-
cation commands beautiful view ofthc Ohio
its D,ajectic waters may be seen for miles
radiatlpg in It's winding COURSE through the
green hills of Kentucky aud Indiana, forming
I beautiful contrast.
The numerous white tents Of The different
eEc.mpmerts among the green foliage Of the
forest trees, covering TO large extent the
much to the picturesque beauty Of the land
scape. The water On the falls, at present, is
very low, and Its nsarry rippling as it elidcs
swiftly over the rocks falls upon the car with
q music that stirs UP the deepest emotions Of
the soul. The spot is full Of romance, and it
would almost seem adapted by nature to the
! camp around of the noble putrints who nov
| await the command that marches Them on to
| battle for their country and theic country G
| c%usc. They arc q fine, hearty 10 o3king set OF
! men, and their Intelligent faces give evidence
| that they are nude OF the trns metal, and
| rQseee6 the 1rmncs5 and determination pl
brave and loyal hearts.
| Through the courtesy Of The officers in
! command TIC were enabled to gather q correct
I statement of heprcseEt condition oflhe camp.
The health of the men Is good. and there is not
! an invalid in the hospital. TIC visitor o1ly
| leeds glance ut the jelly fellows TO satisfy
him that they are Is happy and conteated Us ii
| they we're in paradise. Tie men speak in the
| highest terms Of the provisions furnished
| them; they have al1 they can eat, and 1t is Of
| the best quality. They are also loud in their
! praises Of the officers, their Kind treatment BY
! Them, AZ d tie many little tAvors afforded. In
short, it would be impossible to 1iud, outside
If heaven, a more happy and contentcd lot Q,
men. There were sixteen companies in camp
last Sunday, containing between ten aud eleven
hundred men. Col. Kousseau will muster in
one regiment the present week, aud IL we mag
| Judge from the numbers that are being re
cruited daiIy, he will very soon complete lii
| brigade.
Tie soldiers that cast their lot with Colonc
Rousseau will fare well, and have the ass1r
oucc Of being under brave Colorcl, and nlal
ot great Intellectual ability. We bid them Go:
speed in tho holy mission.
, 1861-07-25

PR1zEs.-The steam tug Reliance arrived at
the Washington navy yard on Saturday, with
two schoouers as prizes-the Ring Dove Of
Georgetown, and The Brunette Of Vienna
1hey have cargoes Of iron ard camp utensils
Tor the rehels. They were brought up to Ma
thias Point By the Yankee, and thence By the
Reliance. 4 number OF troops werc seen
from the detk Of the Reliance near Matthias
Point, on Wednesday evening, but were gone
On Thursday mcrnjng, and it is supposed that
they lett for Manassas Junction BY railroad, on
Wednesday evening.
The tug Young America sailed on Saturday,
about 12 O'Clock, TO JON tho Potomac hotilh
SIZE carries two small mounted howitzers.
She also has On beard 4 large 2lponnd boat
lUWitzer for tie Yankee -IDu}finor. futriot.. I
, 1861-07-25

BALT1AoRE, July 2;;.-Lct;crs have Icen re-
ceived here from Richmond, communicating
the intelligence tLat General Lee left that
city on the Sth inst, with q large fcrce, for
Lynchburgh, on his way to intercept General
Mcclellan.
The Massachusetts 9Th regiment, at the Re-
lay House, have reenlisted.
Marshal Kane is reported at the Fort sick
with fever.
This afternoon Dr. Bell Of Prince George
county, Maryland, was arrested In Washing.
ion on charge ct uttering reasonable lan-
euage ogainst the Government. He would
Lave been hung by the mob but for au active
interference of several United States officers.
, 1861-07-25

- The Ecceesiopists cannot be watched
too closely. They hare nominated Gohrias
Te1ry Tor State Treasurer. 4 correspondent
srecests that he IL connected with tho Dysen-
TeIiy family, and that his nomination lis in
t:pde6 as claRdestlne fadors:uent Of the
policy aad practice Of Gen. Pice--Lottist4le
.E0h73laT
, 1861-07-25

ONO EnMY WAGONS AND HAnSEss:-The
Ohio Military Board offered proposals tor Ehf-
ty army wagons, aud the like number OF ha1-
nests. The contracts lave bceu awarded at
SO for lie wagons, snd 5000 f:r !hs har~
utss.
, 1861-07-25

B 4 mule having swan to Pensaco1a from
Santa Rosaa Island, the Pcasacolians think
Uncle Abe's eeryiccs must be very degrading
when his mules descrt.-AU the Southern Po-
ptrs.
They misreprssenf tho jackass. HaviuE
heard that his Stale had secoded, he neut over.
:-X. IhtA HrsS,
, 1861-07-25
AmmuDttton.-Engas Between
f:1traz ft0:at x.n n &EhftHHE

MISREPRESENTATION Between
Gsnn-boat x,u1 q Battery.
BosToS, July 24.-200 tons OF powder and
one million ball cartridges were sent frcm
Wateytown Arsenal yesterday for the seat Of
war.
that the gun-boat Massachusetts hai two
hours' engagement on the 9th with rebel
battery on Ship Island, at the month Of the
Mississippi. The range WIS too great for et-
:cctua1 service The Massachusetts was DAM
ancd SLIGHTLY in the rigging.
, 1861-07-25

JAIL DE11yERY.-Flyo prisoners. all charged
With hcmicide, broke ffsm the Loca7nst N.
Y,)jail las. week. ana are sill At lerge-
, 1861-07-25

GEN. PRIcE-1t is stated that Gen. Price
cares very little for the luxuries OF life if he
eAn ealy have enough neceE:ariea.-Lonisvi!te
.faatr1sfI
, 1861-07-25

20 EKYxoZ:paBCno. Eralss".scr.sE
JL.tI..
HENRY G. SrALpry1,
No. n Cetlna street. n, r.
which send box Of - Cepha1le l.tlt:."
Of I.ey WIN. t. Filler. f:eyaolasb1rs. II -
II, Ohio.
YorK TILL9 WoEK LIEE l. C1iz1-1
ACHE ALMOST ISHTiSTEH f
Truly -.
KNt
, 1861-07-25

IISIlAN1lt NlCuss s3---h'
Mr.. SFALpTS8.
GfR-Sot long E11cs I I7ent to To1 &:!'
halle Pills for tho cu1.s of the S..s7s-s -
C1stsrereea, and received the !aEc Ee-&
aoQp AE EFFEET THAT I WAS ISptc4 ".
MoKK. Please aenL by rctuzn mil -~I4
~
~
eI
, 1861-07-25

fErom the Exam:lsr S,:ssis- VIZ
Ccpaa:lc P1lla accomplish tic ass:s7 ~
w:rc rladc, yfz;-Cure Of ucad1tse = j. I
, 1861-07-25

BEVERLY, 1la:a.. D..
Il. c. apaLorxH, Fsq.x
. / With for sos1f circulars or Iar-e sh77t-
your Cerhaifc Pills more parricnI1sls v
fnynera II you haVe anytetag u =.
send tC -e.
&bEc 0f my cl4Rtnmers. who IL snh!esc:::'
NeadacER. in<na1ly lasting two daEs) n
Al ATTACK IN oSK RoCH RI TrrR =
sent here Rcspectar,!s;
, 1861-07-25

Thcr have f,eeE tested u E1l:s e.
cnses, with entire SUCCESS A
, 1861-07-25

~
--. MAsoxvYLLE, Coz. r. ~
NR. 6pALnTx8.
SIR.-I have tried your Ceph7i.: p.
THEN 70 WELL that want you t. se-..-.
worth mere.
few out Of the fEst bcx got t7o1 r..
Send tho Pills pT mail. and ohH:a
E0ur ohad.r: -
jazz.
The Jeffersonian Democrat. [volume] (Chardon, Ohio) 1854-1865, 1861-05-17
- - - - - -
Blockades and Treaties.

Some feeling has boen caused by q dis
patch from tho Washington ropOrier for
tho Associated Pross respecting the com
patibilty of blockade of the Southern
ports with some OF our treaties with foreign
powers. The whole matter is simple enough.
Some of our treaties provide that IN case "e
arc at war with u .(orrjg" power, and decide
upon blockading It's ports, we must givo u
certain number of days' notice 20 the other
party to the treaty. But this has nothing
to do with our domestic affairs.
Our Government can blockade tho ports
of u rebellious State with just no more
notice to foreign powers than 1t would Civ"
if it woro to declare u robollious city under
martial law. A GoverDments right to self
protection is paramount to everything elsc.
The only possible difficulty would be some
power with which No La,oa Treaty might
regard tho Southorn Confoderacy us u
dt jucio Government. which. under present
circumstances, is about as likely rs that the
sun will sol tonight in tho East-N Y,
Post.
The Jeffersonian Democrat. [volume] (Chardon, Ohio) 1854-1865, 1861-05-17
Hon. Peter Hitchcock.

We have hitherto failed to notice the
election of Hon. Potter Hitchcock as Spesk.
or Of tho House, in place Of Hon II. O. Par
sons, resigned. Tho honor thus conferred
upon our Representative by his fellow
members, is well mrri'ed, and e source oi
sincere congra,ulation to his constituents,
Mr.. Rukcnbrtd. Uf the Salem Republican,
who is n member of the House, in noticing
Mr.. lis election as Speaker, pays him tho
following compliments
"Mr II. is among the Oldest and most e1'
roricrcod legislators of tho present House,
having held a scat in this body for tho last
four years. Ho makes most excellent
presiding officer, and has proven himself
entirely worthy of tho confidence placed in
him bv his fellow members. Tho position
of Speaker ono, Mt best, trying, harrasing
and embarrassing. but wo arc FREQ 10 say
that the present incumbent is fully equal
to ovory emergency. Higher houors await
him "
The Jeffersonian Democrat. [volume] (Chardon, Ohio) 1854-1865, 1861-05-17
England, Ireland and France on the
Union.

Dr. Thomas O'Reiley, Of st. Louis, an
Irishman, has just returned IRON n
Europcan tour, and addresses his fellow
countrymen through the ST. Louis Nrws,
fIom which we make the following extract:
"MY IRIsu Fellow CITIZENS IL have
Just returned, as most OF you already
know, from six months ramble in our
native land and England and France
| presume to address you, because have
learned that there are some amongst you
who favor the pernicious doctrine Of seces
sion. | cannot bulieve that the number
is very great. 1t canno, be that lrshmer
will prove false to The Government and
Constitution they have sworn to support
and defend. Mistaken ideas may lead
some Of us wrong for the moment ; but as
soon AS we can see the right. we will FOL
low it. There is but one sentiment in old
Ireland so lar as could lcarn--the senti
ment for the Union. Our countrymer
would he ashamed Of us il we shoulc
prove false TO the land Of our adoption
The Flag which has protected US. There
is but one opinion in England and France
and that sides with the Union. II thu
Ministry OF Englsud were to do any &C
favoring the Dlsunion Confederacy,
would have 10 resign in less than q weel
condemned, as it would be, by tn
whole natiou.'
The Jeffersonian Democrat. [volume] (Chardon, Ohio) 1854-1865, 1861-05-17
rbn Killad at Snmtar

Evidence is multiplying tht tho slaughter
of the rebels ut tho bombardmoht OF Fort
Sumter was great. Northernor, vessel
rioger, employed at Charleston ut tho time,
has arrived ut Now Yuik, ind states that
during tho night succeeding tho first day OF
tho hattie. ho and other Northcrners wont
down to tho landing whero boats were arri-
vIng from tho scono OF action, aud hUro Is
what thoy saw
AT about 10 o'clock ono Of tho two steam
boats which piled between tho town and tho
Forts, came in. Three or four long cover
oil vehicles with u tarpaulin curtain hang
ing down behind. called cabs in Charleston,
and covered wagons in Now England, bad
been standing thorc for somo timO. Ono OF
them backed up on tho wharf, and they be-
gan to bring dead bodies on hand barrOws
from tho li,tlo steamboat aud take thom iG.
to the cab, whore they laid thom IN long
boxes. There were three of those boxes in
each cab and they put two bodies in each
box Hu saws that hO aud bis friends saw
tho boxes aud tho bodies pass IN, aud whom
unc was passed in tho tarpauul'n was allow
I'd TO fall. Sumo of tho men who woro
with him will soon bU huro on tho schooner
John S. Smith.
"They knew of these boats running. and
thought ii thero was any ything coming ashore
thcy might got some news. They waited
uEtil two O'clock in tho morning. aud du
ring tho four hours they wore there, ono OF
the boats won't off and came back with an.
other load. Thore wore at least dozen
carts, and those which returned were not
gone over three fourts of an hour. The
number of bodies carried away must have
boon nearly four hundred.
The next night also won't down to the
Battery and saw more bodies brought on
shore, about half as many as on tho hrst
night. Sumo men who had boon woundet
in the hotel in MOultr,ovilo wcro brought
to the city in tho daytime. One OF this
party learned from hand on ono of th'
boats that tho first shot ut Fort Moultri'
entered an embrasure and killed thirty ode
men. This man was cooper, aud belonged
in Bridgeport"
The Jeffersonian Democrat. [volume] (Chardon, Ohio) 1854-1865, 1861-05-17
What is Martial Law7

At tho present crisis the Significance OF
term SO much used, and with 80 liltlo nccu-
ratio sense ofits moaning, becomes unusually
important.
Bouvcr defines martial law as "a code
established for .he government of the army
and navy OF tho Unirod States" whose prin
cipa. rules aro to DO found in tho articles Of
war, prescribed by act of Congress, But
Chancellor Kent says this definition applies
only TO military law, whilo martial law is
quito distinct thing, and is founded on
paramount necessity and proclaimed by II
military chief.
Martial law is generally and vaguely hod
TO be suspension of all ordinary civil rights
nnd process-and as such, appI0xlmatos
closely to military dospotsm.
| 1t is as arbitrary law, originating in emer'
gunces. In time of oxtrom0 poril to the
state, either from without or from within
tho public woltare demands extraordinary
nOnsurrs. And marital law being pro
claimed, signifies that tho operation OF III,
ordinary legal delays of Justice is suspended
by tho military power, which has tor tb,
timU become supreme.
! IL suspends tho operation Of the writ o
hdbsas corpus enables poroons charged viii
troasOn 10 DO Bummarily tried by COnr
Martial instead of Grand Juryi Jusuho
6UaTUhos aud seizures OF private property
and the possession of tho public highway
aud other means of communication. In
voying tho highest exercise of Sovereignty
il is, of coursr, capable of great abuse. ant
is only to be justified on emergencies Of tn
most imperative and porilous nature, sue
as now appear to exist in baltimore au
, Washington.
The Jeffersonian Democrat. [volume] (Chardon, Ohio) 1854-1865, 1861-05-17
The Administration for War.--Vigorous
Aggressive Measures to be Adopted.

The fact is at ia.t demonstrated bayond
tho shadow Of doubt, says u special dis
patch to the Tribune, that tho policy Of the
Administration, now and hence'orih, is war.
To this conclusion Mr., Lincoln has urged
his Cabinet for ton days past. Mossrs.
Chase, B;air and Cameron entered heart
mi soul Into tho plan, and but for the
wav.,ring nf M"ss"s SO"aiu ahu "oiios on
this point, tho Cabinet would havo boon u
unit. Mr.. Wolles has received such letters.
petitions and appeals from his own State,
as havo insured his conversion to an anti
pence doctrine, and tinally Mr.. Seward has
added his undoubting assent to tho necessity y
of such u course. Senator Wilson, with
Judge Hour, of Massachusetts, called upon
Mr. Lincoln aud zach member of the Cabi.
nor tn-day. and urged upon them tho im-
porative demand OF tho country that active
and positive aggressive measures be adopted
| Twice they saw Mr.. Lincoln, whose whole
nature seoms bont upon roassorIing the
dignity and unity of this great nation be'oro
! tho ewes Of tho world, Tho country may
rost assured that the course Of tho Admin
! istraion has been, is. and will bo onward
and onward. THE standard will suffer- / q
drgra,a ion whilo In its lands. Nothing
! in the end, will have been lost and all good
! men will agree in commondaIion urOn Ih'
action of our leaders. Tho Navy Yard n
| Norfolk will DO retaken and icbuilt, aL1
that very speedily.