New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1861-01-01
THE STATE OF EUROPE.
Essu Our Own Correspondent


TURIN, Dec. Is, 1860.
Gasta still holds out Francis H., who, when
his army amounted to 100000 men, and he COM
snanded the resources of great kingdom, would
not resist Garibaldi's volunteers, seems to have
retrieved his energy behind the VOlturno and
Garigiano, and after having lost his kingdom, his
capitol, his navy, and four-ffths of his army, he
now offers q logged resistance to the hosts Of
Victor Emanuel. His ambassadors sent to Lon
don, to Warsaw, to st. Petersburg, and to
Vienna, have returned without giving him the
hope of any assistance, and still he refuses to
yield to necessity and to leave the country which
has disowned him as its king. Napoleon, indeed,
has lent him until now the most efficient assist
anee by keeping the sea open and hindering the
kahan feet from attacking his last stronghold from
fhe sea; but even this last ray of hope is begin
ming to fade away. The Piedmoptese have estab-
6shed their battery on the rocky neck Of
land which joins the fortress to the main
land, and are ready to throw their bombs
upon the Inflated town and it's defenses and now
Napoleon steps in and declares 70 the Bourbon
King that, after delay Of five days during which
Francis Ii. will have ample time to put himself and
his family together with the truest of his adherents
IN safety, Admiral Barber de Tinan viii retire
from the Bay, and leave the sea open to the Italian
Admiral Persano. Victor Emanuel wishing to
spare an Italian town the horrors of lombard
ment, has agreed TO this delay, and thus we may
hope that before Christmas the white flag of the
Bourbons viii have disappeared from Italy. Should,
however, King Francis, with the obstinscy Of his
race reject this last chance Of personal safety then
the bombardrnent will commence at once from land
and sea- and before the year the town must fall
into the hands of the besegen. From this new
sRrn in the policy of the French Emperor, it would
seem that the Muratist scheme has been abandoned
ut Paris, and that Italy is to be reconstructed as
n great European Power. Rome and Venetia
m this case the only questions to be solved, and
solved they viii be during the coming year, by dplo
macy or by arms. AS to Rome, Napoleon advises
the Pope TO make terms with Victor Emanuel, since
the French garrison cannot be kept at Rome beyond
few months, while the King OF Italy is both willing
and able to protect the personal safety Of the Pope
and to give him the pecuniary means for keeping up
his dignity as the Head of the Roman Catholic
Church. As regards Venetia sem-Offcial pamphlet
IL on the eve of being published, which has been
written to order, revised, corrected by Imperial
hands, and printed in the same way as the for
rer pamphlets which predicted the war with Aus
tria, and the secusnzation of the Pope. This pam
phlet recommends to Austria the sale of
Venetia as the sheet-anchor by which she
may ride out the approaching storm, and
should she refuse to yield, threatens her with
complete ruin. We are to get this import
aAt State paper, probably, as New-Years gift, but
the Emperor Of Austria is not likely to accept the
advice. The Italian Government is preparing In the
mean time for war, and is organizing at Naples
new army, and levying troops IL the newly acquired
provinces of Umbria and the Marches The Civil
Commissaries who are at the head Of the govern.
nent of those provinces exert themselves TO the
utmost in recognizing the Government. They have
published the Piedmontese law abolshng all con-
vents and monastaries except those Of the mendi-
cant orders and cOnfscang Of their immense landed
property. The monks to receive he-rent suffi.
cient for decent livelihood their property ia to be-
come fund for the education and for the amelora-
zion of the state of poorer classes The estates Of the
Jesuts are to be used for higher educational estab
Eshments; those of the other orders for hospitals,
poorhouses, primary schools and infant asylums.
The Church is to have nothing of these spOis since
the carates and priests are sufficiently well provided
for otherwise.
In Austria the confusion continues The old Min
sisters are altogether unable to stem the tide of
hutton. SchmerIng, therefore, somewhat more hbe-
raj man than Recbberg is called upon to sspercede
Goluchovsky. His programme is 10 give COnstitu-
ton TO all tho Savo-Germahic portion Of the En-
pre-, since the Germans, who now in consequence
81 the Hungarian egltstion have got kind Of hber
u, believe that the constitutional movement in Hun
gary requires a more united and more powerful
eounterpoise in the non-Hungarian Provinces. As
Ear, however, as we may judge from the private ae-
counts we get from Austria, the Slavonic Provin.
ces not likely to cast in their lot with the Ger
mans; they VIII prefer to ally themselves with the
more energetic and politically better educated Hunga-
rams. This il certain az regards frontier Slavonia
md Dalmafa, and we may soon hear the same from
Bohemia. In Hungary the counties are reorganiz.
ing themselves upon the footing of the laws
sf l64S, and in the County Of Pesth, where
The reorganization is already completed, Count
Iadislas Teleki, one of the exied revolutionary
LADDERS, has been elected among the committeeman
fsf the administration Of the county. This name
was received with an indescrbable enthusiasm by
the county meeting As TO the towns, they cling still
more strongly TO the laws of l84s than the coun-
Tea nnee II 10 only by these laws that they enjoy
political freedom, which under the old constitution
wasrestricted to the nikty And while this agitation
tor democratic freedom extends in Hungary from
day TO day, German wiseaclss call the Hungarian
movement an aristocratc conspiracy against the
aiddle-classes! Unless Francis Jossob accepts Ma
yoleon's proposal for the sale of venra, The last
hour Of the il-assorted Austrian Empire win strke
10 the course Of 1861.