The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1861-04-06
BUR STU ALTON
|asf, the Present and the Future Of
Pep mr. Government IN
NeFth America,

earch the records ofhistory IN VAIN 'or any
| 20 the rise and progress OF ffee govern
North America.
: scst,.rea colonies OF limited resources,
,rious yicissitudes, resist the government
ma ~ ,be mother country and aspire TO IN
ence. Though their boundaries covered
extending from the Penobscot 10 the
borders of Georgia, there appeared 70 Do
aict regarding systems of labor, as they all
70 exception, owned slaves.
Dir Declaration Of Independence they pro-
that these colonies were, ana OF rignt
10 be, free, sovereign and independent
mot a free and independent naton--a
Hated nationality-but distinct, sovereign
ependent States. This idea OF separate
cnty in the States characterized and regu-
le whole subsequent framework of the CON
"A government under q constitution OF
powers, which became the simple agent Of
tea creating IT,
low TIE CONSTITUTION WAS FORMED.
Iarly trainers of the constitution were pa
men. who brought to their work expert
nd reflection, with an anxious desire to
instrument which should be free from the
and combine the merits Of all past forms of
mept. The experience Of ages was before
The rise and fall Of republics, as well as
other conceivable forms Of government,
ecorded in history and open to their exami-
The error Of standing armies in time of
diua
Capitalization on one hand, and the danger
Lrchy on the other, were familiar to
The good and bad points Of the Grecan
man republics were carefully studied. The
of mixed governments, with the evils Of
,hies IN all forms, were well known and
TODD. While admiring the virtues Of the
constitution, freed from its feudal sur
hes, and disconnected with an established
b, they endeavored TO appropriate its best
hplest features. They also approved Of the
al principles Of her judicature, embracing
Rments Of her common laws, including the
hsbeas corpus and trial by jury.
lad them near the close of the eighteenth
engaged in forming constitution which
bped to make so perfect as to withstand the
Of centuries. Hence, when completed, its
ons for amendment, after large increase
number of States, became virtually i'm
liable. The nineteenth century was destined
X changes and produce results which they
r. soundest wisdom and greatest forecast
wholly unable TO anticipate. The govern,
hey had organized was an experiment, but
the best and wisest the world had ever
I proposed TO guard the rights>of the State
the people by almost every ooneeivabl
checks and balances. This was shown b,
|oper division Of the government into 1t
i've, judicial aud representative depart
and by reserving to the States and to tn
thereof all rights not delegated, and tn
[ledgment of the right of revolution, base
he declaration that all government was de
pm the consent of the governed.
4 CONSTITUTION wonEED---ExrERIENCE DIS.
CLOSED DEFECrS.
all, however, il was constitution for the
ars Of the republic, and to be administer
sirtuous and patriotic minds, aided by a
ttively small population, uninfuenced by
ements efw ealth and ambition, It's success
log the free action Of the people within thu
esuited in the greatest material progress
god the carly trials 10 which il was ex
ithout difficulty, and apparently Gael
% ont the stronger. Soon after Its adop
parties arose Of very opposite tenden
e claimed strict adherence to the lette
Al. I. i 4 hr-1 ~
ions 10 make il sanction measures not au
by it, literal Interpretation. First, it wa
pat Congress had power to engage in ex
ans Of internal Improvement, ander tn
30 construct post roads and TO promot,
power was also claimed 10 establisl
bank. Aud again, II was claimed that
power 10 collect revenue by inpost du
fess had power to protect domesu
res. Every new phase in poll
Is, for ths contingency OF whicl
ation was silent, the same part.
5roadest latitude to ooyer their politi
Among these unforeseen cases wa
Jon OF new territory aud its organiza
ates. The discussions growing out O.
e North was latitudinarian, aud ia,
For OF strict construction.
BIZ AS OLD AZ TnE CONSTITUTION
lfLD IN TgRaIroRIHs By TIE USITgl
DyBRrNENr AZ PROPERTY.
SIN is as old rs the government. !
itself in the debates onthe constitution
& the administration Of John Adams
tnent Of the Alien and Sedition laws
! tie war with England in 1912; and
Missouri Compromise Of 1890. Thii
sectionalsm continued TO be che
Northern states, and especially IN
until il only required The deyelope.
nti-siayery sentiment 70 inrart 10 /.
g intensity. The strict States rights
Ets warned their opponents that
horizcd construction, Il carried
tend 70 destroy the force
tion, TO- overthrow state rights, ans
datioD. One construction followed
Northern politicians finally denied
pre- property under the constitution
hight be liberated under the writ O
and that Congress had power q
IN people rom going into the com
3 Of the States with them. This
OF the fact that the United States
groes lost in Indian ware, aud had
I Britain 10 pay for n cargo Of them
IN one Z, her West India ialauds
rom Baltimore to New Orleans.
rnment had cornizod them ms