, 1861-07-06

others choose to 20, CT 10 e1tort terms uDon
which they will promise to remain. The sscc-
dess inslst that onr Constitution admits Of
secession. They have assumed to make =
national constitution Of their own in which,
of1eceEsity, they have either disc2zied or re-.
tasnyd the right OF secession as they insist It
exists in ours II they have discarded it they
thereby admit that on principle it ough. not
to exist in o1rs. If they have retained it
BY their construction of ours 1t shows that
TO oe consistent they must eecede from o1a
aIother when they shall fnd it the easiest
selfish or unjust object.
The priucirlc itseif Is one OF disinteeration
sndtn which no Government can endure II
all the States taTe one should affect the power
to drive that one out ct the Union, it Is pre-
snmed the whole chaes Of the seeded politi-
ciaEs would at once deny TIE power and de-
ounce the act as the greatest outrage upon
State rights. But suppose that precisely tho
same act, instead Of being called driving one
oets shgald b called the ss9esdl1g " g tie
the seceders claim to do, unless, indeed, tb4y
make the point that the one, because 1t is :
minority, may HghuuIly' do that which the
others, because they are the majority, MY
rot righllally do.
Of mnepes e1P &c a2s Int IN the sEh
70 that power which made M p&+ts the
Constitution and speaks from the preamble
calling itself " we The people" It NAV well
be questioned whether there is to day a mn,
joriiy Of the legally qua1ided voters Of any
State, e3eeIt, .ptrhaPs, South Carolina, in
favor of diau1ion- There Is much reason to
believe that the Union men are in a majority
II many # not in all Of the seeded States
TIE contrary has not been demonstrated in
any one of thenl It is yentured to affirm
even those Of Virginia and Ttnnessee--for the
res ult Of elections held il military camps,
where the bayonets were all On one side Of the
question voted upon-can scarcely be consid-
c5cd as demonstrating the popular sentiment
at such An election. All that lar.s class who
a!e ut oncc for the Union and against coercion
would be coel cetl to vote against the Union. II
even may be Affirmed without extrayagance
tGat the Tree institutions which We enjoy have
developed tie powers and improved the CDR
dition OF onr whole people beyond any exam
pie in the world. Of this we now have a
striking and impressive iiluetra s1 larre
an army as the Government LAS now On foot
was never before known, without soldier in
who las not tax en his place there Of his own
free choice. But more than this, there are
many single regiments whose members, one
anc another, possess full practical knowledge
CT the 11ts and sciences end professions, and
whatever else, neither useful or elegaut, IL
known to the whole world; and there is
scarcely one from which there could not be
selected Prerident, . Cabinet, Congress,
administer the Government Nor do 5lJ
this ts not true Of cur late frieEds-1ow enc
mics in this ccn.es;-but is i! SO much tie
which la5 1a conferred such d san1sas eeneats on
bath then, and on Us should not be
broken up? Whoeyerin any section proposes
to abandon such Government wonlu do we'll
to considsE In Difference to what principle it
ID that be does it whether the substitute will
give or be intended to give SO much good to
Tie people. There Is some foresLadoWins on
tlfs sueje-t Our adyersGries hare adopted
eeme declarations Of Independence, in which,
unlike the good old one penned By Jefferson,
WY? They haYe adopted G Temporary na-
ticrel Ct n titution, in the preamble Of which,
unlike cur good old ono eigned by Washing
ton, they emit, I've, the people, and su5-
s,l1nte, We, the deputies cf the Sovereign
al Independent States. Why this 1elioera!e
authority Of the peoples This IS essentially
peoples contest On tie side Of the Uniou. It
IS . struggle for maintaining in tie world that
form anu substance of Government, wno5c
leading objt ct is toecyate the cocdi ion men,
10 Lit artificial lights from all shoulders, to
c1tar the patts Of 1sudable pursuits, and u al
ford all an uniet-eted start and . fair chance
il the race Of LIFE, yielding to partial aud t=nn-
lcraIy departure from Leceseity. lnis il Tue
ltadng object oi that form OF government for
NhoEe Existence Te conterd. I an mort hap
If to believe that the plain people understasd
and u p: eciate this: 1t is worthy Of note that
WEile In this the GoytEnment's hour Of tri4',
lsrge numbers Of those In the army and navy
who have beer fayorud with the Offices have
resigned srd proved false to the hand that
pampeEed them, not oEe common soldier OF
COMMON eailor Is known to hare deserted his
Tag. Great lcnor is due to those officers who
ltmaintd true despite the example of their
HtA1rf1tnA no
honor AID most emphatic fact Of al is the
UNANIMOUS tirmnes Of the common soldiers
and common Sailors To the last man, SO
far as known, they successfully resisted the
trsitorous effects Of those whose comm and
within an hour before they obesed as
instinct Of plain men. They understand with.
out au argument that the destroying OF the
Government which was made by Washington
means no good for them. Our popular Gov
enmeut has often been called aa experiment.
TWO points in It, however, our people have
settlec, viz: The successful establishing and
tie successful administering Of 1t. One still
remains; its successful maintenance against
the formidable internal attempt to overthrow
1t, 1t is Eow for item to demonstrate to the
world that these who can fairly carr; au
election cal also suppress rebellion; that
10 lots are the righlful and peaceful sacecs-
scrs Ct bullets, AID that when ballots al fairly
ard ccnstitution=lly decided there caa be NO
successful appeal except back to ballots them
selves It q Succeeding election. Such will be
great lesson Of peace, teaching men that
what they cannot take by an election neither
can they tax 1t BY a war-teachins all the
oily ol beIrg the beginners Of war.
Lest there be eome une1si1css il the minds
Of car did men as to what il to be the coarse Of
The Govt1rme1t towards the Southern STATES
after the rebellion shall have been suppressed,
the Executive deems it proper to say it shall
be his purpose then, as ever, to be guided By
the Constitution and the laws, and that he
probably vii have no different understanding
o1 the powers and duty Of the Federal Coz
eminent relatively to tho fights Of the States
and the people 1nder the Constitution than
tl@t expr.ssed in the Inaugural Address. He
desires to IreseHe the Government, that it
lay he administered for all as it WAS admins
- e1ywEere have the right to claim this Of
tteir Government. TIE Government. has
net the 1'flt to Withhold or neglect
IT,, aGd it is not perceived in giving
1t tEft there is any coercion, any conquest, or
ely Eplj ing aiiop, in any just sense Of these
ttrns. The Constitution provided, ard I'll the
s!ates accep:ed its provision, that the United
st-tes eta1l gra1sntee to every State In this
Crien republican form of government; but
Il State may lawfully go ou. OF the Cnion,
having doGe 80 1t may also discard the repUb-
Ecan tenn Of government; 50 that to prevent
is going cut il an Indispensable means to OBJ
tosEirg The guarantee mentioned. When Al
neans to attain t. are also lawful and obliga-
;ory. 1t WIS with the deepest regret that the
Executive ase eumed the duly Ct employing the
wsr power in defence. Of the Govern
mtnt. Forced upon him, he could but
perform this duty or surrender the e1~
istence Of the Government, No compro-
nise hy publIe servants could In this be
cure-rot that compromises are not often
proper, but thst lo popular Govt can 1oag
survive marked precedent that those who
CARY IN election can only Eaye the Govt By
giving up the main point upon which the peo-
pie gave the election. The people themselves
aud not their servants, can safely reverse their
own deliberate decision. As private citizen
the Executive could not have consented that
these institutions shall perish much less could
he, in betrayal Of SO vast and so sacred q trust
rs these free people had conhde1 to him. He
felt that be had no moral right to shrink or
even count the chances Of bis own life in
what may lollow. In, full view of this
great responsibility be has go f2r done
according to Jour own Judgment perform
yours lie sincerely hopes That your views
and actions may SO accord With bis as to aa-
Eure al faithful citizens who have been dis.
turbed OF their rights, OF certain a1d speedy
restoration to them under the Constitution
and Laws And having In this chosen our
course without guilt and with pure purpose,
let Us renew our trust in God and 20 forward
without fear and with manly hearts.
ABRAHAM LScoLx
house OF REPRESENTATIVES,
NJ. cRIITESDEN Of Ky. appeared and
took the usual oath.
The House proceeded TO perfect It's organ-
haf ALL oJ,n