New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1861-07-10


immense establishments, and 10 the introduction
of the sewing machine, which greatly cheapened
the cost of production. Cincinnati is probably
the most eligible location in the country for
large business of this kind. In 1860 there were
l3, coo persons employed by it, producing goods
70 the value of $l6,OOO,OOO. In 1910 the pro.
duct was only $2,0O00O0. The leather, wool,
and cotton products of the State are valued &c
$6,000,000. The annual value OF house building it
$l0,000000. 1t is said that since 1850, at least
one hundred branches of mechanical and manu-
featuring industry have been introduced into the
State, which did not exist there before, some OF
them Of great importance. During this period of
ten years many manufacturing emgrants had left
for more Western locations, who built up rival
establishments, thus to some extent interfering
with the localities they had abandoned. But the
constantly INCREASING tide of immigration not only
prevented any actual decrease, but nearly doubled
the value of manufactured products. Thus their
aggregate value in 1850 was $62, 647 ,259, while
in 1860 it was set down at Sl22, so, eco.
In the mining of coal, iron, aud salt. Ohio has
advanced within a few years more rapidly than
in any other branch of industry. Mining, except
where the precious metals exist, is the last OF
the industrial arts to be developed. The demand
for food and clothing must everywhere be first
satisfied. 1t was so in Pennsylvania and Mary
land whose inexhaustibe mines OF coal and iron
lay untouched until within thirty years. Ohio
contains rich deposits of these staples, and their
mn In
in which they are found an impetus which may
be measured by that given to Philadelphia by the
coal business alone. That interest, unaided by
foreign commerce, has kept that city as pro.
gressive as New-York; while Pennsylyania, an
older aud less agricultural State than Ohio, pro.
ducing less wheat and corn, has grown faster
than either Ohio or New-York. This rapid
growth is owing to the application OF capital 10
the mining of coal and iron. Pennsylvania has
had thirty years. experience of the value of min.
ing, while Ohio is but just beginning. Nearly one
third of her surface yields coal and iron, for
which completed system Of railroads and cana's
offers the most extensive outlets TO markets IN
which no limit exists TO the demand.
When mining in Ohio becomes thoroughly de-
will be found to exceed oil previous experience.
Already the great salt works Of Pennsylvania
aud Virginia have ceased to compete with hers
Her product has increased from 100000 bushels
in 1910 to 1900, 900 in 1860. The increase since
1850 has been $50 per cent. Her 10 furnaces
in operation in 1910 have grown to 50 10 1860,
their products rising from S649, 900 to So,
In coal the progress is even more surprising In
1910 the quantity mined was only 3,5OO,OOO
bushels, but in 1860 it reached $4,000, 600, at
the former date employing 44 men, but 1000
at the latter The census returns show that In
all those counties where the manufacture Of iron
and salt and the mining Of coal have been thus
increased, there new population has concen-
trated itself. The same fact is exhibited in
Pennsylvania. Land rises in value in consequence
new farms are subdued old ones are better cult-
waited, and the consumer being placed beside the
producer, the foundation of a common prosperity
10 established. Ohio now contains 2, 343,739 In
babitants including S4,s49 colored, gain OF
359,27O in ten years, and an increase Of over 20
Cincinnati having gained 80 per cent, Dayton
SO, and Cleveland loo per cent.
In the vastnesa Of her railroad system, Ohio
has exceeded all other States. Within ten years
she has built 5000 miles Of road, and now con-
tsins q total of 4, 1873 miles, while Pennsylvanis,
the next highest, has but 3972, and New-York
only S,l75. In. these works $4,000, GOO have
been expended, of which SCI, $4,000 is still
owing as railroad debt. There il good reason
for this decided superiority. Ohio 10 tho great
natural gateway between the Eastern and West
ern States. No great canal or railroad from
New-Englsnd, New-York, Pennsylvania, or Mary
land, intended for the transportation of produce
from West to East, can be valuable unless il
connects with one through Ohio. Hence every
increase of the Western harvest or Of trade and
manufactures in the East, adds to the traffic on
the Ohio railroads. They have no competitors
but the propeers on the Lakes and the steam
boats on the Ohio at high water. The financial
condition Of these roads 10 better than it has
been. Eight OF the twenty-eight are in the
bands of receivers. On twenty.four Of them,
costing SIlO, OO0, 600, the average annual profit
in 1860 was Alp per cent. They carried last
year nearly 1900, 900 tuDs of freight, and $780,,
I52 passengers. ... ID.
The assessed value of real and personal property
in 1850 was $439, $40; in 1850 it had grown to
S5oS, 800, col, or more than double. The entire
debt due from all class of debtors is as follows:
State sI425o233 Debt due to Banks. 1917 3C
m.ncP BsS.' Sas S cInSs1 6s Debt 1885,
R:;oaS pss', sPssSI s21o.as SS
BY taking from this aggregate the amount of the