New-York daily tribune., 1861-06-20

bic exercise Of pnblic spirit. Nay moro; In nnfre
paragraph relative TO an attempt TO burn tie huge notei
OF Willard, at Warrington, in which some hundreds OF
people residing tie paper TO account saiiae'or
ly for The attempt md 10 assign some inte ible and
laudste motive for it, adds at he supposes it was ln-
tended to burn out he Border rufians who were odg-
ing therea reproduction OF the excuse OF oar Anglo
Iish lord who alologzed for setriDg fire TO catbe-
drnl the erourd that be imagined the Bishop was
inside The exultation Of the SOnth when the flag OF
the United States was lowered at Sumter has heen
answered by shout Of indignation and bat'le-cry
from the North end the excitement at Charleston has
produced reflex action there, the energy OF which
cannot be described. The apathy which struck me at
New-York when landed has been succeeded by yio-
lent popular entbuiasm, before which all laodielan
policy has melted into fervent activity. The truth
must be that the NewYork population did not believe
IN the strength ard unanmi'y Of u Suth, and thst
they thought the Union safe, did Dot about it,
eau put down the names Of gentlemen who expressed
the strongest opinions that the Government Of the
United States had power to coerce the South, and
who have since put down their and their money
to support the Government in tie attempt 20 recover
the forts which have been tnkn As 10 the change Of
oinion in other quarters which has been efec ted
rapidly and miraculousy that it has the udicrous air
of vulgar juggers trick at fair, the public regard
i, so little that it would be unbecoming to waste
word about il.
l Iexprrssed belief in my first letter written few
days after my arrival that the South would never go
back into the Union. The Nor thinks that it
the South and am not prepared to say they are
right or wrong but sm convinced that the South can
only be forced back by such conquest as that which
laid Poland PROSTATE at the feet Of knsss. may be
that such a conquest can be made by the North, but
must destroy the Union as 1t has been eonsti
tuted in times past. strong Government must be
the logical consequence OF victory, and TIE triumph OF
the South will lie attended by similar result, for
which, indeed, many ScntherDes are very well dir
posed To the people Of the Confederate States there
would he no terror in such ISSUE for 1t appears TO
me they are pnipg for strong Government exceed
ingy The North must accept 1t, whether they Ike II
or not Neither party, il such term Can he apr edto
the rest Of tte Ubeo States and those States which
disdain the authority Of the Federal Government, was
pref sred for the aggressive or resisting power OF the
oLer. Alre dy the Confederate States perceive tnat
they cannot carry all before them with rush, while
the North have learnt that they must ont forth all their
strength to make good little OF their lately uttered
threats. But the Montgomery Government are now,
say, anxious to gam time, and to prepare regular
army. The North, distracted by apprehesons OF vast
disturbances in its IMPLICATED relstiOus 10 camorlng
for instant action and speedy contamination. The
counsels Of the moderate men, a. they were called,
have been utterly overrued.
am now, however, dealing with South Carolina,
which has been the oHs a orgo OF the Secession doc
trioes and their development into the full life Of the
Confederate States. The whole foundation which
South Carolina rests is cotton and certain amount Of
rice or rather she bases her whole fabric on the neces
sity which exists in Europe for those products OF her
soil, relieving and asserting, as che does, that In
gland and France cannot aud will not do without
them. Cotton without market is 80 much focculent
matter encumbeiing the ground Rice without de-
nand for il is unstable grain in store nnd on the eld.
Cotton at ten cents pound is boundess prosperity,
empire and superiority, and rice or grain heed no
longer be regarded. In tne matter OF saye labor,
South Carolina argues pretty much in this way: En-
gland and France require our products. lo order 10
meet their wants, must cultivate our soil. There
i, ouly oue way of doing go. Tie white man cannot
live on our hind at certain Seasons Of the year; he
cannot work in the manner required by the crops He
must therefore, employ race suited to tile labor and
that is race which will only work when 1t Il Obliged
TO do so. That race was imported from Africa under
the sanction of the law, by our ancestors when we
were British colony, and IL has been fOstered by ns
that its increase here has been that OF tie most
floushing ,eopl7 in the world. In other la where
its ,bor was not productive mpea'iyely essential
that race has been made tree, sometimes with dsas-
irons 10 itself and 10 industry But we
will not make il free. We cannot do 20. We hold
that Slavery is essential to existence rs rrodncers
of what Europe requires; nay more, We maintain 1t
is ia the abstr right in prucpe and some OF us go
70 far US maintain that the oDy proper form OF So
cety according the law of God aud tie eAigencies
OF uan is that which bss Slavery as its basis AS 10
the ..va he is happier in bis state Of seryitude
more civilized ana religious than Lc s could 10
free or in bis native Africa
have already endeavored TO descrlbe tne portion OF
the State through which Travelled and the aspect OF
Charleston apd will now proceed at the risk OF max
ing tits letter longer than II should be, to make few
observations on matters which struck me during my
were kind enough 10 give me invitations to their reei
del ces in The State. Early ne morning started
ia coa.ting 10 witt ,LtaiiOn III the Iedee
and MacchIaw dis net IN the slaLd COAST VI TIE otate
NoIh Of Charleston.
The only source OF nneasiness in the minds Of the
party arose from the report that the Unred States
~ qusdron coming 10 blockade the port, which
would have cut oil our line Of retreat, and compelled
US to make Il long detour and somewhat difficult
Journey by land, seeing that the roads are mere
sand tracks, as the immense number OF rivers and
creeks offers excuse for not improving the means
Of laud communication. Paseing Sumter, on which
men are busiy engaged under the Cor federae fay III
NAL king good damages and mounting gurs We put out
few miles rea and with the low sandy shore. dot
Ted with soldiers, and guard-houEs, and cldmPs of
trees on our lett, III few houis pass the Sautce
River and enter an estuary into which the Pedee aud
Mae, aulaw Rivers few nilee further TO t.e
northwest. The arid, barren, pneeoyered sand-hilis
hich form the shores OF this uaTy are guarded by
rode batteries mounted with heavy guns. ard manned
BY the State troops Of whom we can see srolng
a1oug the beach, or with arms glanciug in the sun
light pacing up and down on their post@ On the hft
hi sie there said 10 be plantations, the tes oi
which are marked by belts OF trees, ana after We had
n proceeded lew nil from the sea, the steamer ran
alongside jety and pier, Which wns crowded by men
in uniform, waiting for the news, and for supplies oil
crea iuIe cCIniods.
Ladies were canterng along the fine hard beach, and
some ligs and taxcarts fuyadeB, rolled hi0ng very
much as one sees them ut Scarborough the soldiers
on the pier were Ill gentlemen OF the county. Some,
dressed in gray TUNES and yeowiscings in high felt
hats and plumes, and jack-bots, would have done no
dcredit in face fglre, and bearing, To the guyest
cavaliers who ever thundered at the heels OF Prince
Rupert Their borses full Of Csrollniap fire aud met
le stood pcleted under the trees along the margin OF
the beach. Among these men who had been doug the
duty Of common troopers in patrolliug the seacoast,
were pentlemen possessed of large estates and prncely
ri unes; and one xho stood among them was pointed
out to me as captain of company Tor whose uses LIS
hberality provided unbounded daily lba'onr Of cham
pague and the best luxuries which French ingenuity
eau saiel, imprson in thoee well known caskets with
which Crinean warriors were not unscquainted at the
close Of the campaign. They were eager for news,
wbh was shouted out to them by their iIiends in The