Marshall County Republican. (Plymouth, Ind.) 1856-1878, 1861-12-05

patriotism Of the people has pla.cd at the disposal
,f the Governments The large means demanded BY
he pnblic exigeiicies. Much Of the National
Loan has been taken by citizens of the industrial
classes, whose confidence in their coun.ry's faith,
and whose zeal for their country deverance from
its present peril have induced them to contribute
to the support Of the Government the whole of
their limited acqis tons This fact imposes pc
cular obligations 10 economy IN disbursement and
energy in ;ticn-
RECEIPTS AID EXPENSES.
The revenue from all sources, including loans.
for the financial year ending on the Both of June,
1861, was $s6 .SS5 .90o 81 and the expenditures
for the same period inciud ng payments on account
of the public debt. were sd ISIS. 0a4 81, le,ving
a balance in the Treasury on the lst Of July Of
81, 257 ,OG5.SO
For the first quarter OF The financial year end
irg the 10Th Septembar, 1861, the receipts from
all sources, Including the balance from July LIST,
we're 500 5a3, 500. 81. and the expenditures $685.
239. n9, leaving balance on the lst October,
1861, of 81, DOE, 1858.
Estimates for the remaining three quarters Of
the year, and for the financial year of 1862 to-
geil.cr Will, his views OF the WAYS ard means for
meeting the demands contempt tied by them viii
be submitted to Congress by the Secretary of the
Treasury. II is gratifying to know that the ex-
fenscs made necessary by the rebellion not be-
yond the resources of the IOWA, people, and to
believe. that the same patriotism which has thus
far sustained the Government viii continac 10
sustain it till Eeacc and union s.a II gain bles the
THE WAR DEPARTMENT.
] respectfully rc'er to the report Of the Sccrcta-
nv Ut War for Information respecting the numer
ical strength OF the army, ami for recommcnda.
tons having in view an increase Of its efficiency.
and the well being Of the various branches Of ser
vice entrusted to his care 1t is gratifying 20 know
that the patriotism of the people Is equal the
casou. and that the number of troops rendered
greatly exceeds the force which Congress author
lied me to call into the field refer with pleas
ure TO those portions of his report which make
allusion to the credi.able degree Of discipline al
ready attained by troops. and to the excellent
Sanitary condition OF The entire army. The
ommenlation By the Secretary for an organization
of the militia upon uniform basis is subject OF
vital inportancc the future ,fcty of the
try. aud is commented to the serious attention OF
Congress. A large addition to the regular army,
in connection with the detection that has
sidcraby diminished the number of it, officers,
gives peculiar importance to his recommend .tion
for increasing the c-rpS of cadets the create ST
capacity of the Military Academy.
cnArLalxs FOR ri,E ARMY.
Bs mere omission. I presume. Congress has
failed to provide Cha liins for the hospitals occu-
pied by volunteers. This subject was brought to
my notice. ard WAS induced t, draw up the form
OF letter. Que copy Of which, properly addressed
to each of the persons aud at the datcs respect
lively nimcsl ard stated in schedule CONTAINING,
also the form of the letter, marked "a )" and here
with transmitted. These gentlemen, understand
entered upon the duties designated at the times
respectfully stated in the schedule. and have la
bored faithfully ever since. further recommend
that they be compt nsatcd the slime rate as
Chaplans ntIie army. ! further suggest that gen
eral prorision be made for Chapains to serve al
hospitals rs wel as regiments.
The report OF the Secretary Of the Nary pre-
seats in detail the operations of that branch of the
public service, aud the activity and energy which
have characterized its administration and the
suits of measures TO increase its efficiency and
power. Such have been the additions, by con
striaction and purchase, that it may almo be said
navy has been created and brought into service
Stree our difficulties commenced. Besides block
aiding our extensive coast, squadrons larger than
ever before assembled under our flag have been
pat aacat and have performed deeds which have
Increased our naval rcnown. would invite spe
ciai attention 10 the Recommendation Of the See
rotary of the navy for more perfect org,nzatiou
OF the navy by Introducing additional grades int,
the service. The present organization is defective
and unsatisfactory, and the Suggestions submitted
W the department Wall. II Is Dtucrcd N adSEted
obviste the difficulties alluded 10. promete harmo
ny, and increase the efficiency OF the navy.
REORGANIZATION THE suraExE COURT.
There are three vacancies on the bench Of tn
Supreme Court, two by the dreease of Juss ee,
Daniel and Mclean. aad one by the resignation
of Justice Campbell have 50 lac for5ernc max n
nominations TO GIL these vacancies, for reason.
which l will now state. Two Of The outgoing
Judges resided within tic States now overrun b,
rcfolt so that il Successors were appointed in tbs
same Localities, they coald not serve upon tlicil
circuits, and many of the most competent mcr
there probably would not take the personal azard
/ q. accepting To serve even here upon the Supreme
Bench 4 have been unwilling to throw all the
appointments norihward, thus disabling mysel
from doing justice to the South on the return oil
peace, although may remark that to transfer t.
the North one which has heretofore been in the
South, would not, with reference to tern.or,
and population. be unjust. During the long anu
brilliant judicial career Of Judge Mclean, hi.
circuit grew into an empire altogether too large
Tor any one Judge to give the Courts therein more
than nominal attendance. rising in populations
from 10000 in 1881 to 6,l5i .4J5 in 1861 Be
sides this the country has generally oufsr0wu oul
present judicial system. IL uniformity at al
intended. the system requires that all the Stale.
shall be Accommodated with Circuit Courts attended
by Supreme Judges. while in fact Wisconsin
s's'hsie>o''s iVNds cAie, Cililcr
mia and Oregon have never had any such courts
Nor can this be well rcmcjied without change Of
the system, because the adding o. Justices TO tho
rSupremc Court enough for the accommodation o
all parts OF the country with Circuit Courts would
create Court altogether too dangerous for ju
dcial body of any sort, and the evil OF il be on,
that will increase new States come into ID,
Uaion- Circuit Courts are useful or they ar no
useful. lfuscful, no State should DO denied them
if not useful, no State should have them. LIE
them be provided for all or abolished as tc all
ltrce mc-iucations occur 10 mo here, which
think would be an Improvement upon our pfescn
system. Let the Supreme Court be of convent
emf number in every event; then, first, let tb'
whole country be divided into circuits ar cor yeni
ent size, the Supreme Judges to serve i'm num
Der OF them corresponding to their own number
and independent Circdit Jadses be provided To-
all the rest; or. secondly. the Supreme Judges b.
relieved from e rcuit duties and Circuit Judges b.
provided for all the Circuits; OF, thirdly, dispcns,
with Circuit Courts altogether, leaving the judi
cha! function wholly to tia District Courts and al
independent Supreme Court.
coDIFySG rnE NATIONAL LAWS
/ respectfully recommend to the consideration
of Congress the present condition OF the statut,
laws, with the hope that Congress will be able I.
find an easy remedy for the many Inconvenience
and evils which constantly cmbarrass those en-
gagged ia the practical administer ssion oftIem
Since The organization Of the Government, Con
gress has enacted some 5 900 acts and ,slnt reso
lutions, which fill more than 5000 closely prnte,