davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-20
N U M B E R 2.

Q. Can mere plurality expel memr
Der ?
A. No: this can only be done by
majority of two thirds.
.. Are their proceedings kept secret ?
A. No they are spread upon Jour
nal and published
y. Are they never secret?
A. Yes if the interests of the coun-
try demand il.
.. Can the people know precisely how
each member votes
A. Yes
Q. How
A. One fifth Of those present NAV de-
msnd the yeas and nays and they are en-.
tered upon the Journal.
Q. Could either house Of Congress ad.
Journ to any other place Of meeting
A. Not without the concurrence Of the
other house.
., Could either House adjourn without
the concurrence Of the other ?
A. Yes {: but not for a longer period
than three days.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-20

~. Where vacancy occurs how is it
filed ?
A. The Governor Of the State orders
an election.
.. Who presides over, and conducts
the business, in this branch ?
A. a Speaker.
Q. BY whom is be chosen
a. All the officers are chosen by the
members.
Q. How do they vote
A. BY ballot.
.. Has the House Of Representatives
any other than Legislative powers
A. Yes, it has the sole power of i'm.
peachment."
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-20

that the laws be faithfully executed and
shall commission all the officers of the
Confederacy.
2. The President, Vice President, and
all civil officers o. the Contederacy shall
be removed from office on cor vc,ion By
the Congress Of treason, bribery, or other
high crimes and misdemeanors a vote of
two thirds snail be necessary for such con-
yiciion
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-20

executive (when .he legislature cannot
be convened), agains. domestic violence
ARTICLE v.
l. The Congress, by a vote Of two.
thirds, may, at any time, alter or amend
this Constitution.
RTICLE VI.
/. This Constitution, and the laws Of
the Contederacy which shall he made in
pursuance thereof, and all treaties made,
or which shall be made under the au.
thority Of the Confederacy, shall be the
supreme law of the land; and the Judges
IN every State shall be bound thereby,
anything iu the Constitution or laws Of
any States to the contrary notwithstand.
Ing.
2. The Government hereby instituted
shall take immediate steps for the settle
ment of all matters between the States
forming it and the other late Confederates
of the United States in relation to the pub
lie property and the public debt at the time
of their withdrawal from them, these States
hereby declaring it to be their wish and
earnest desire TO ad Just everything, pertain
ing TO the common pro perty, common lin.
biIity and common Obligations of that Union
upon principles of right, justice, equity aud
good faith.
3. Until otherwise provided by the
Congress, the city of Montgomery, in the
State of Alabama, shall be the seat Of
Government.
4. The members of the Congress and all
executive and judicial officers Of the Con-
feGeracy shal! be bound by oath or aflir.
nation to support this Constitution but
no religious test shall be required as
qualification TO any office or public trust
under this Confederacy.
5. The Congress shall have power to
admit other States.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-20
FOR THE LANCASTER LEDGER.
A Constitutional Catechism for Small
Boys.
NO /.

q. What is a Constitution
A. A system OF fundamental principles
Tor the government Of n Society, State
or Nation.
ln free States the Constitution is para.
mount to the statutes or laws enacted by
the Legislature.
q. What are United States
a. Free independent sovereignties uni
ted together for mutual safety and pros
petiry.
q. What are The u S. Of America 1?
a. Originally they we're Is inJepeni
dent States OF North America uniting to
geiher for the advantages Of justice,
peace, common defence and welfare.
=. What were they previous 10 this 7
A. Dependent Colonies Of Grea. Bri
tain.
Q. When did they become indepen
den,
"A. They declared their independence
July 4tb, l7T6.
Q Was their independence immedi
ateiv recognized by the mother country.
A. No; they had to maintain it for
seven years at the mouth OF the cannon
and point Of the bayonet.
q What. powers did the States dele
gate TO the General Government
A. Only such as were esseptia! to the
objects contemplated.
q. Was there propriety in reserving
the right TO resume these powers 7
A. 1t WAS wise and proper not only to
reserve the right but also TO exercise il,
when the interest ana horror OF the State
demanded il.
.. What form Of government did they
adopt? ..
A. A Representative Republican.
q Of how many departments is the
governments composed ....
A Three. Legislative, Judicial and
Executive.
. ln whom are the Legislative pow
ers vested a?
A. In a Congress.
@ OF what does the Congress consist
A. Two branches: Senate and House
Of Representatives.
q. What is represented in the Senate
A. The States.
q. Who are represented in the House
Of Representatives {?
A. The cilizens Of the States.
Q. Who are the legal electors Of this
branch of Congress
A. Such as are entitled TO vote for the
popular branch Of The State Legislature.
q. What constitutes eligibility 10 this
officei
a. The individual mus, be an inhabi.
tant Of the State choosing, seven years a
citizen of ,hs U. S., and twenty FIVE years
Of age.
Q. How long do they remain in officel
A. Two wears.
Q. Are they re-eligible
A. Yes: they may be re elected as Of
ten as the people please.
Q. To how many Representatives is
each State entitled Z s.l..- ~
A. Originally ii was one for every 30,,
900 iohabitsnts. But since the organi.
zai:on of the Government it has been
frequenHy changed as the population in
creased.
Q. Are apprentices included in this
enumeration I
A. Yes.
q. Are Indians
A. No, a.
Q. Are negros
A. Five negros are counted as three,
q How often is the census taken
A. Every ten years.
q. II q State have not the number Of
inhabitants designated in the sportion.
men,, will il he deprived OF a seprssen,
tsdon 10 the lower House
A. No: each State is entitled to al
least ono Representative.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-20
Constitutional Catechism for Small
School Boys. ..
NO III.

A. Two from each State.
Q. By whom are they chosen
A. BY the Legislature of the State.
Q. What is the term of their Office I
A. Six years.
q. Do the terms Of them all expire at
the same time
A. No: one third go out every two
years.
Q IN tho decision of questions do they
vote bv Staiesl
A. No: each Senator has vote.
Q. If vacancy occur in the Senate
how is it filled
"A, The Governor appoints till the
meeting Of the Legislature then it elects.
Q. Does it then choose Senator for
six years
A. No: only for the unexpired time.
q, What constitutes the eligibility of
a Senator
A. he must be an inhabitant Of the
State, nine years citizen Of the U. s.
and thirty years Of age.
Q. Who presides over the Senate
A. The Vice President of The u. S.
q. In the decision Of questions is the
President entitled TO vote ?
A. No.
Q. Why2 -
A. He is not Senator.
y. ls he never allowed TO vote2
a. Yes: if the Senators are equally
divided, he gives the casting vote.
Z. BY whom are the other officers of
the Senate chosen
a. By the members.
q. Does the Senate never els.. its pre-.
siding officer
A. Yes in the absouce Of the Vice
President.
Q. When is the Vice President lawful.
ly absent'
a. In sickness, death, or called to en-
ercse the functions Of President.
q. Has the Senate an, other than
Legislative powers
A. Yes it exercises Judicial functions;
having "the sole power to try all i'm.
peacbmenu.
z. When sitting in judicial capacity
are they sworn
A. They are duly Qualified.
Q Who presides in the Senate when
the President Of the u. S. is tried =?
A. The Chief Justice.
Q. Can plurality Of the Senators
present convict ...
A. No: there must be the concurrence
Of two thirds.
y. Wnat penalties follow conviction
A. Removal from office, disqualified
lion for any other in the U. s.
q. Does this prvalion of privilege re.
lease the individual from liabilities TO the
law
A. No: he is still subject to trial and
punishment according 70 law.
q. Does Congress designate the time,
place and manner OF holding eIec tions
for Senators and Representatives 7
A. No: this is done by the State Leg
islatures.
Q. Has Congress no authority in this
matter
A. Yes, Congress may modify, or
change the State regulation.
q. Are the State Legislatures indepen
dent of Congress, as to the place Of elect
ing Senators +?
A. Yes.
@. How often must Congress assem-.
Bile 7
A. Annually.
@. When :
A. The FIRST Monday in December.
Q. Can Congress change the meeting
to any other day
A. II may.
Q When q seat in Congress is contes
ted, how is the matter settled Z
A. Each house settles its own ques
tions.
Q. How many members constitute a
quorum to do business 7
A. A majority.
Q. II quorum cannot be obtsinsd,
how do they proceed
A. They may adjourn from day 10
day, and compel abssut members to at
tend.
@. How may they compel absent mem.
bers TO attend .
A. In ouch manner and under sucl
penalties as each house may determine
Q How do these respective bodies reg
ulate their procsedngs
A. Each house has i.s own rules.
O. Can they punish disorderly conduct
A. Yes: even to expulsion.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-20

IS. The powers not delegated to the
Confedetacy by the Constitution, nor pro.
hib'ted by it to the States, are reserved
to the States respectively, or to the peo.
pie.
10. The judicial power of the Confede.
racy shall not be construed 10 extend to
ANY suit in law or equity, commenced or
prosecuted against one Of the States of
the Confcderacv, by citizens of another
State, or by citizens or subject of any for.
eign State.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-20
SECTION 3,
SECTION l..

l. The Confederscy shall Guaranty 10
every State IN this Union, republican
form Of government, and shalt protect
each Of them against invasion and, on
application Of the legislature, or Of the
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-20
SECTION 8.

i. He shall, from time to time, give TO
the Congress information OF the sss,e Of
the Confeie,acy, and recommend TO their
consideration such measures as he shall
judge necessary and erpedient; he may
on extraordinary occasions, convene the
Congress Al such ,ime as he rball think
proper; he shall receive ambassadors aud
other public ministers; he shall take care
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-20

executive (when The legislature cannot
be convened), agains. domestic violence.
ARTICLE V.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1861-02-20

l. The Congress, by vote of two.
thirds, may, at any time, alter or amend
this Constitution.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15
PRE.IDENT,s PROCLAMATION.

by the PTeSIdeHt of the United States
PROCLAMATION
WHEREAS the laws Of the United States have
been for some time past and now are opposed
and the execution thereof obstructed In the States
OF south Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Florida,
Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas by combine.
lions too powerful to be suppressed by the ordinary
course OF judicial proceedings, or by the powers
vested In the Marshals by law:
Now, therefore, /, ABRAHAM LINCOLN, Presi-
dent OF the United States in virtue Of the power
In me vested by the Constitution and the laws.
have thought fit to call forth, and hereby do cali
forth the militia Of the several States of the Union
TO The aggregate number of seventy-fve thousa nd
In order to suppress said combinations and to
cause the laws TO be duly executed
The details for this object will be Immediately
the w ar Department
lapPcal to all loyal citizens to favor facilitate
ana AID THIS effort to maintain the honor the in.
tegrity, and the existence Of our National Union
and the perpetuity Of pop ular Government and To
redress wrongs already long enough endured
deem 1t proper to say that the first service as
signed TO the forces hereby called forth will pro-
badly be to re- possess the forts. places and pro-
perry which have been seized from Ike Union:
and In every event the utmost care will be OBJ.
served, consistently with the objects aforesaid To
avoid any devastation, any destruction Of or inter
ference with property, or any disturbance of
peaceful citizens in any pa IT of the country.
And hereby command the persons con posi- NO
the combinations aforesaid to disperse and ret re-
Peaceably to their respective abodes within twenty
DAYS from this date.
Deeming that the present condition Of public
affairs presents an extraordinary occasion, do
hereby IN virtue of the power In me vested by the
Constitution, convene both Iouses Of Congress
Senators and Representatives are therefore sum-
moned to assemble at their respective Chambers,
az " O'Clock: noon: on Thursday, the 4th day OF
July next, then aud there TO consider and deter.
mine such measures as, In their wisdom the pub
lie safely and interest may seem to demand
In witness whereof ] have hereunto set nv
TO be affixed.
Done at the city Of Washington, this fifteenth
day OF April, in the year Of our Lord one
r. thousand eight hundred and sixty one. and
the eighty fifth.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN
By the President:
WILLIAM II SEWARD Secretary of State
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

TIE PaocLANAIIos.-No man who loves hi,
country to the extent Of desiring its future peace
VIII fail to commend the action Of the Pres!d en-,
. involved In his proclamation printed to-day in
ano'oer column Of the star. II simply directs
me sssemoling Of sufficient military force to pro-
ieef the existing authority and rights Of the United
sfates wherever IL now has authority, and at the
ame time RENTS the whole subject to Conere
- the tribunal lawfully entitled to direct what
snan be the action Of the Government towards
those now In arms against II.
His measure Of precaution In calling out sew.
enty-hve thousand militia, 10 as wise an hi,
measure Of Cancellation and forbearance-the In.
liant remission Of the subject to Congress, 1,
patriotic.
We doubt not that the two measures, In CON.
junction, viii have the evidently intended etYec,
OF staying hostilities until those who are 70 n.
most deeply affected In their future nv a lono
ana bloody civil war, II Providence should a.
amlcf this nation-ihe people Of the border STATE,
can, through their representatives in Congress
axe measures to avert the threatened dire ca.
Iamity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

TnK CONFEDERATE FoRcxD LoAN-If m seen.
likely, the fve million Confederata loan 4. diui.
aed around among the banks In the chief States
~ VIII bring the banks Of South Carolina no \
..Peedy aoPpsge. They have already been pretty
seo,ousniy exhausted by carrying large portion
OF tne State loan Of s6i5 600 Ofthe two banis A.
Coiumoia, the Commercial Bank has but nine
eenn In specie 70 every dollar Of liabilities and
,ue EA9nsnge Bank has but one cent for every dol
.at ., nspiiues The Bank Of the State located
In CHARLESTON, has liabilities to the amount of
80 SO, and assets to the amount of onlv $50 ia
All me oanks In South Carolina have not snecic
loan which viii be forced on the Charleston balir
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15
PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTMENTS The Presiden

PRESIDENTIAL AProINTNENrs.-The President
has made the following appointments
E. T. Blamire, Postmaster at Portsmouth, Va.
John w. Deal, Postmaster at Chambersburg,
Pa
Philander w. Crandall, Collector Of the por.
for district Of Genessee, N. Y. sH.
John w. ingalls,, Collector Of the port for dis
trict of Cape Vincent, NY.
T. 6. Elliott, Postmaster at Shasta, Cal.
Geo. w. Forrest, Postmaster at Lewisburg, Pa.
John F. Mclean, Surveyor Of Customa for the
district Of San Francisco, Cal
VIM. b. Farwell, Naval Ofacer for me came
district
Edward F Bea!e, Surveyor General of Califor.
MIA.
Joseph H. Barrett, Of O., Commissioner of Pen.
sions of the United States
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

SECESSION RUNNING INTO THE GRouSp-It
seems that Arizona has determined to secede
Lying so close to Mexico, Of which she was part
only SIX years ago, 1t is wonder she did not con-
clude to pack up and be off some months ago.
Arizona has population of white, Indian, Mexi-
can, negro, and all intermediate shades rpp,oac
Ing twenty thousand. They feel ind nj be-
cause the overland mail stages be transferred
from the horse shoe route to the central In a few
weeks; so they determined 1t should not be en-
dured. Therefore they secede.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

n WAh DEPARTMENT, by telegraph, to-day
accepted the offer Of Governor sprsgue, Of r.
reg meat OF 900 men, made on the 18th ms,
ae wn directed by the Secretary to send them %
'0,s ei'y Without dslay-,his week, II possible.
Troops are being offered to the G Government "a
day ey telegraph, BY thousands on thousand, nv
aseanthOrities and their own commanding on,
Gers. o
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15
DEPARTMENT. NEWS,

APPOINTMENTS By THE SEcRETARI OF THE
NAVY AT GosPORr NAVY YARD james bepen-
stall master boatbuilder, vice VIM. Archer, re-
moved.
Chas. g. Jordan master house Joiner, vice Jas
Williams.
James II. Hardwick master caulkef, vice Jos.
Jones -
vice John Rouke
Johannes Watson master armorer, vice Rich'd
Gregg.
VIM Petit, foreman boiler maker.
Moore.
James Jarvis, inspector Of timber.
Johnathan c. Hall, master block-maker, vice
VIM. Gleason.
Joseph II. Porter, foreman gun carrsge-maker
vice Grey.
James Hays foreman plumber
Daniel Collins, master mast ma ker.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

THE ATTEMPT TO STARvE MAJOR ANDERSON
Mr.. Rives, In the course of a speech before the
Virginia Convention on Wednesday, commented
WITH particular severity upon the attempt to starve
out Major Anderson, and said that IL the attem ut
OF the Federal Government to supply him with
provisions was to be a cause Of war, he called
upon the whole world to look down with an eve
OF condemnation upon the proceedings of South
Carolina, and claimed it was the duty of Virginia
to help keep MAYOR Anderson alive until pending
difficulties are adjusted.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

THs MARTIAL Law RuxoR-we are satIsa Cd
tnai me government entertains no present idea OF
dssiaring the Federal Metropolis under marital
law, a 10 being alleged. Whenever there NAV
oe necessity for such step, Of course IL wiz be
promptly taken =
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

" From shillington, Odeon Building and
nom French 4 Richstein, 27s Pa. av.. we h,y.
me excellent May number Of Godey,s Ladv,,
BOOK also, from French & Richstein. we h.v.
fnsk Lesies illustrated Newspaper Of April %
acounding In spirited "warn illustration,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

THE FIRST BRIGADE OF THE DISTRICT OF Co.
LrMBA MILITIA Gen. Bacon, accompanied by
all the Field and Staff officers of this brigade,
the First and Second Regiments Of the District,
to-day rendered its services to the Secretary Of
War. We presume that Il will be accented.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

The Lkvy.-We aPprehend that the War De-
partment have already had tenders Of services TO-
day by telegraph to the extent Of at least IS 600
men.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15
Personal.

''' Hon. Jas Craig, of Mo, is at Browns.
-. Hon. J. II. Lane, U. 8. Senator for Kansas:
Hon 5. C. Pomery and lady, Kansas; Hon. j. p
nerree, Gov A q Curtin, Pa; Captain Gilman.
%. bomoug, Russia; Hon. Thomas Swami, Nd !;
John Edwards, w. p. Chambliss, U. 8. A.: C.
faulding, U. 3. N. are at Wizards,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

IL The New York Day Book (secession) Of
Saturday Is dressed in mourning over the inaugu-
ration Of civil war
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

feeling is aroused. Gov. Andrews leaves for
washington this afternoon TO tender the aid Of the
military to the Government
EFFECT OF THE NEWS AT THE SOUTH.
- AT AoBLK.a ~ .
NOZZLE, April I3.-Tbe news Of the surrender
OF Fort sumter was received here with immense
cheering from the crowds that thronged the
streets. The Confederate and Palmetto flags are
living, cannot firing, bells ringing, and there 10
great rejoicing.
AT RICHMOND.
RICHMOND, April I4-Tbere was great re-
Joicings here last night among the secessionists
One hundred guns were fred in honor of the
capture Of Fort sumter.
Confederate fegs were displayed, with illumi-
nations and music
Gov Letcher was serenaded, and made a non-
committal speech. The streets are crowded and
the excitement must be imagined. The Union
bling Of the American flag.
RICHMOND, April Ia -The demonstration last
night lasted until midnight. Examinations, bon
nres, fireworks, music, and speeches were features
the Capitol and hoisted Southern flag, but n
was subsequently removed by the public guard
AT AUGUSTA.
"A, AGeusT., April IA salute Of 100 guns was
Ateu mere ths afternoon In honor Of the surrender
OF Fort Sumter
AT ALEXANDRIA
ALEXANDRIA, Drill Ia "A meeting was held
mere last nig bit to form Home Guard Resolu.
tions to resist northern aggression were adopted
w bile several advocated secession, others argued
In favor OF convention to unite the border States
WHAT THE SECESSION PRESS SAY OF
WAR
The Richmond Enquirer says :-"Nothing Is
more probable than that President Davis will
soon march al army through North Carolina and
virginia, to Washington. Those Of our volun.
teers who desire to join the Southern army. as II
snail pass through our borders, had better organ
lie at once for the purpose, and keep their arms,
eccountrements, uniforms, ammunition. and KNAPP
sacks In constant readiness"
The Richmond Wing says cit IL provoked
by the authorities at Washington. They have
acted from the beginning with duplicity and per-
sistent hostility to the Southern states They
have attempted, under the guise Of friendship, to
consnmmate an act of war; and when fofled thew
gave notice Of an intended hostile act which
justified any course for self. preservation on the
other side.'
The Richmond Dispatch says:-"The time of
forbearance and Cancellation has passed The
hour of just and ong-delayed vengeance has
come The "irrepressI BILE conflict which has
been forced upon the peacefsl homes and the un-
offending citizens Of the South, will be met by a
people who will drench their native soil with the
blood Of their invaders or perish to the last man,
In vindication Of all that man holds dear.n
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

IRE Tnoors TO CohE Hsaz-we are satisaed
'oa' quite 10000 Of the Governments levy Of
or VII &c coacentrstsd In this city within
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

REsIeNRD.-Mr. 8. N. Solomon, Of N. Y, has
resigned bis cer kship In the bureau Of the Third
Auditor Of the Treasury
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15

DEACE, PEACE, PEACE.-F rem. or ex-
Il change 10 part for city property or Western
lands, very valuable FARM, cont timing Isl acres
OF choice land good tuIldines; .lthy loostion
pleasant situated ten miles from WASHINGTON, D.
q. Apply to o 9. sAGf, No 500 Seventh 1t
Il "
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1861-04-15
BOARDING.

ROARD.-Pleasapt Rooms. with Board, can
ID had at No. IS Four ond-a -half st.
ap 5-2w' (Republican.)