New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1861-04-09

,ayr wishes & at we have ftsbfNIu no 49, -: "a ,Ie
>, tbe nrooo<ions for the new orga'lLaion Oh tne
cropoeitioas which make II nconDeh' upon
Ie,o IN Inn, their rights the peasahs, anu W "o
cent Tho onns of q reform when oou'u ho' W -
Mis- ed without come maieIlI iVrtes' w
r. ~, hren deceived We have seen the poltra az
shId in committees in the detrics, tbro>gt tfH me.
dion m their confidential agents making theifse'n'ary
sacrifice 81 their rights as REGARDS te p"-1e"i seiN
tnde Of tho peasants. These commilteS siier bsvmg
colIertnd The necessary G0tg, have 4or Anhod tlcr
,~oro iiicns concerning the new organization 81 che
neo5,nte attached the soil (k<fp0RF.e/ In ter re-
iations with the prOpfietor. .
tThese propositions having bee- iouDd very dlvefse
ss as To be expected from the rsiure Of Ito qreston
,hey have been compared O. Hated and r<sluced TO
,snlar rysteu then rectifei aud completed in tbe
pelior committee instituted FOR that purPoe and these
new dsroeions thus formulated ls,ive 10 the peas
ants and dne-es (dregorysJ OF the proprletos have
been e.lamin, d in the Council Of the Empire.
'Having invoked she Divine assistauee, We have
resolved TO carry this work into execution.
ain virtue of the new dispositions above mentioned,
The reafants attached to the soil (gtdche Ia pctI
will be invested within n term fixed by the law with
all The rights Of free cuitiyators
"Ibe proprietorp retaining their rights Of property
on all the land belonging 20 them, grant 10 The peasants
for fixed regulated rental The full enjoyment Of their
clse /eHros) and moreover 10 assure their livelihood
and 20 guarantee the ulillment Of thcrObhgoDs To-
ward tbe Government, the quantity OF aIaCe land u
fixed BY the said dispositions, Well as other rarai
appurteBances (OugOdit).
Ru,. in the endowment of these territorial allut-
ments tho peasants Obliged IN return, toacqmt tho
rentals fixed by the disros ions TO the proht OF
the proprietos. In this state, which must be tran
STORY one, the peasants shall be Designated ae ten-
pourily bound ftenp0rOTeHieHt oJiigesJ
AT the same time they are granted the night OF
purchasing their close (eHeos and, with the con'ent
Of the propretors they may acquire IN full property
the arabic lands and other appurieDanoes which are
allotted 20 them IA a permanent holding (ouissance/
BY tho acquisition in full property OF the quantity Of
land 8xed the peasants are free from their obligations
toward the propreton of land TINS purchased, and
they enter denitively into the condition OF free peabnts
-landbolders (Daysans r,6iaircsy.
"By' a special disposition concerning the domesiics
gems dr. la d0meshcit-dpororye) tiansitory state
il fixed for them adapted 20 their occupations and the
exigencies Of their position. On the expiration OF
term OF two years. daing from the day Of the pro-
mu ton Of these dispositions they shall receive their
full enfnnchtement and some temporary immnnilies
at il according these fundamental principles that
the dispositions have been formulated which define The
future organization Of the peasants and # the domestis
Nrorory6) which establish the order Of the general
administration Of this class and ~ efy IN all their de-
tails the rights given 10 the peasants and 70 the domet
tics, az well rs the obligations imposed upon them
toward the Government and toward the prop1etorB'
"Atbough these dispositions general as well mr. To-
CAL and the special supplementary rules for some par,
icuar localities for the lands OF small Prope'ofs an1
for the peasants who work ia the mAnuiaciories ana
establishments (Hsncs) of the propretorf have been,
as far az was possible adapted 10 economical neceF,r
ties and local customs nevertheless, to preserve the
existing state where II presents reciprocal adVhhaSe,,
we leave il 10 the propretors 10 come 10 amlc1oie
terns with the pfasen,G and 20 conclude transactions
relat We 10 the extent Of the territorial allotment and
10 the anonnt Of rental to be fixed in consequence, OBJ
serving at the same time the established rules 10 guar
anfee the invioIability Of such agreements
"As the new organization, IN consequence oil the IN
evitabe completely Of the changes which i necessi-
tates cannot be immediately pn into execution; as
lance of time il necessary which csnnot he csr than
two wears or thereabouis 10 avoid all misnnderstad-
ing AID TO protect public and p1Yao Interests during
this interval the sysiem trtgino actually exiting Oh
the properties Of landowners eRafurf VIII be- main
tanned M 20 the nj when new system shall have
be zen Instituted by the completion OF the required pre-
paratory measures.
dain--
al To establish in each district tgoHrernmeao =
speeia Court for the question Of the IeAanis; IL viii
have investigate the Affairs Of the rural cormunes
established the land Of the londs Of the soil
(scigHeHtsl.
40 TO appoint Ia each district Justices Of the Peace
TO investigate on the spot al Misunderstanding ard
disputes which may arise the occa,iOn Of the intro
duction Of the regulation, aud 10 form distr1ct
assemblies with these Justices Of the Peace.
"3. To organize in the Scigueufial properties COM
munal administrations and TO this end 10 leave the
rural In their actual competition, and 20
open in the large village district administrations pro
yincia bosrIsl by uniting the small oonimunes under
one of these district administrations.
81. To formulate, verify, and confirm In each rural
district o. tate charter Of rules June charte I6gc-
enumerated on the basis Of the loesl Statute, the
amount of land reserved to the pca'anis,n permanent
enjoyment, Ind the extent Of the charges which may
he sxaced from them for the benefit OF the proprietor,
10 sell for the land for other advantages granted by
him.
as To put these charters 81 rules into execution ~
they arr gradually confirmed in each estate, and 10 In
troduce their defnitiyo execution within the term Of
two year, dating from the day oi publication Of The
present rnsDiiestO.
"6 Up 10 tho expiration of this term the pcagants
and domercs (gcns DE- Ia doiaest'ctt) are 10 remain
In the same obedience toward their propTieors and 10
fulfil their former obligations without scTuple.
al The proprietOrs viii continue o watch over tbo
maintenance Of order their estates with the hight Of
jurisdiction and Of police, until the organization of the
dstrcts (ooioi aud OF the district tribunals has been
effected.
"Aware Of al the difficulties Of the reform we have
undertaken place above all thingr confidence
in the goodnes. Of Divine Providence, who waiche.
over the dcsnics 81 Russia.
% We also count upon the generous devotion OF orr
faithful nobility, and we are happy TO testify 10 that
body the gratitude II las deservod from us, well
from Size country, for the disnterested support il bs
given TO the accomplishment OF our designs Russia
will not forget that the mob ty acting solely upon iis
respect for the dignity Of and liz love for s neigh
Dor has spontaneously renowned rights given TO il by
serfdom actually abolished and laid the foundation of
future, which IL thrown open 10 the peasants.
We aso entertain the firm hope that II will also noby
exert its Interior efforts 10 carry ont tbs regulation
by msni aiming good order in spirit Of peace aud
bene yolence, and that each proprietor will complete
within the limits Of bis property the great civic act
accomplished by the whole body By organizing The
istence Of the peasants donciliaed hs estates and
Of hs domestics, under mutual advantageous eondi-
tions thereby giving TO the country population the
example Of faithful and conscientious execution OF
the regulations OF the State.
" The numerous examples of the generous socitude
Of the propnetors for tho welfare u their peasants,
and Of the elsttl de Of the latter for the benevolent
soci'ude Of their lords give the hope that mutual
understanding will settle the majority Of complications,
ia some inevitable In the partial application Of
general rules TO the different conditions under which