davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22
LANCASTER, OHIO, THURSDAY, AUGUST %, 1861.
Day Of Fns'ing, Illumination aud Prayer,


Day Of FHs,ing, Humiliation aud Prayer
---PEocIapa;ioB Of the President.
In accordancc.yith the request Of Con
gress, the, President has issued the fol
loving pro lamst'on. appointing Thus
.d'y. September 90, as day Of fasting
humiliation and prayer;
( A PROCLAMATION
By lie President Of tie United States o
america.
WHEREAS; A joint Commit ee Of boil
Houses Of CDngress has waited on tn,
Pr sident Of tRe UBiied stTes. and re
quesled him to Eecommeud a day Of pub
lie Humiliation, prayer aud faetins. 80 b,
observed by the people Of the United
States with religious solsmDiiss. and ia,
Offering Of isryerent supplcsliJns TO Al
mighty God for the salty and wslfars,o
those States, His blessings b tlsir a anhs
and speedy restoration Of pace; a1a
/ WHEREAS, II is ft and becoming In o..
peoph at all times to acl;no oaled2e a1iirc
we're the sbpreins government Of God, rc
bow in humble submi4sions to I.is chas
lisemenls, to confess and deplole their
sins and ianscressions 10 the full cop
yiction that the fear Of tie Lorf il the
beginning Of wisdom, and 10 pray with al
feIyency and contri,ion for the pardon o
their past offences, and for bi-ssin Cup
on their present and prospective action
and ...s
WHEREAS. Wien our he owed couulrv,
cuce, by the blessing Of God unit-d, pros.
porous and happy, is now aillie cd wiz
faction and civil var. it S peculiariysG
for US to recognize tn hand Of Col in
Ibis visitation, and in sorowtul rem m.
brance OF our own faglr5 and crimes - a
nation and as individuals. to hubble our.
selves before HIN, ana 70 pray for ii,
msrcy-to pray that. w may b. g. AIRED
further punishment, though jus ly de,
served; thai CUR arms Eaay be blessed and
made ellectus for the IeisSai,lishm-nt 0
law, order and peace Throughout! Gu
county, and that tie inosti1ab!e boon o
.iyjl and religion. Ii eriy, under Ills guilt
ance and Llrssing, by the l4jors andesuf
lerings Of our fahers, may be re-tored t,
all its original excellence: Their lore.
| Abrat am Lincoln, President Of ihe Unit
ed States, do appoint the last Thursday
/ in September mex, as a day Of humiliation,
prayer aud fasting for al the people of tie
Nation; and l % earnestly recommend 10
all tie people, and especially 10 all minis
ters and teachers Of religion Of all tenom;
nations, and to oil heads .t families. to
observe aud keep that dsy fccording tc
their several crceds and modes Of worship
IN all humility AMI with all rel. i.ious SO
emnity, 10 the end dat the united p,aye
Of the nation may ascend TO he Thfon
Of Grace, sad bring down plentiful bless
ings upon cur own country.
In testimony whereof | have ferenne
set my hand and caused the grsa seal 40
the United States 70 be affixed, ills f2tl
day of August, A. D. 1861 and Of the in
dependence of the United States of Amer
lea the eighty SIKH.
By the President:
ABRAHAM LINCOLN
WM. II. SEWARD, Secretary Of State.
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22
Military Definitions.

Our newspapers have la'e been fllsd
with military phrases, and these, like Al!
technical terms, are unintelIigibla 10 he
many. Ciyiilns who wish 10 learn some
hing Of u e miliary profession before
,hurrying on to Richmond, viii frd many
Of rheir misconcerlions removed by r..
/ Ference to the military dictionary Of Col.
II. Il. Scott a bool; on which follow
ing observations are based.
MARITAL Law is one of those avague
terms used by every one and unlers,o ]
by few. But az wherever our armies gd
martial law must n least be partially en-.
forced It's powers and limitations should
he known 10 all. In time of war .'h- nil.
.ilaty CONN ah'eF have certain, *.
traordnary, powers, which in time Of
peace would jHstIysbe called tIrWuiegA,- r.
Th5sa po ers are ifmuld by tte C5hs,i-
tuition oftle United State; so that the
effoc, Of martial law is not to 'ubjcc! citi-
aeus to tria By courts martial, bu, merely
to deprive tic right Of ha!eas corpus oI
its force
In Baltimore, for instance, Geners
Banks has the right simply to impriaon o.
Otherwise detain tizcDs considered dan
g rous. but no further punisi ment can Be
inflic'ed upon suspected person until he
is found guilty by tie ordinary ciyi
courts. Martial law has further powers
are limited by The Constitution Of III,
United States; SO that the eject Of mar
.tial law is not to subject citizens 70 tia
BY courts martial, but merely to deptiy'
tic right ofhaJeos corpu; OF its force.
In Baltimore for instance, Genlfs
Banks has the right simply to imprisol
or otherwise detain citizeus consiI Iere,
dangerous, Tut no further pgnshmeu
can be inflicted upon suspected persor
until he is found guilty by the ordiuar
civil courts. Narjiallaw has further pow
ers, beyond the United States, or in a
enemy's country. The municipal law
have then.no authority and in he al senr
: Of laws made by Congress the commando
commands, prohibits and punishes as ia,
own judgment dictates. -s..
Martial law is, therefore, ase Genera
, Scott declared in Mexico. 'an puwrtlrl
code as an addition to the wnt'en mill
tary code prescribed by Cpngress1p th'
rules aud ariicles Of war, aud which un
i written code oil armies, in hostile conn
, tries, are forced 10 adopt, not oply 70
, their own safety but for tho proleGdon c
the unofending inhabitants ard theirproE
= erty" D..
i MILITARY LAW, so frequently confuse
>, with martial, iu popular paranre, is tC
y tally different 1t is comprised OF "a
. those laws passed by Congress for II
: creation, government;regulanon and SUI
'port of armies, ..,.
sTRATEsY and TAFcs a'e two ,unfo
& tunae words, used poppl rIy ss sypo9yp
: The diStincuon isebyiqpss and. should
7 gepeEaly kVaYq. S4alagy iso the Et !
y concerning plan Of campaign-s ayste
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22
rOIrNTv OEETCERS

Judge Of Fairfield Common Pleas ,ConEt-HENRY
8. WHITMAN, residence Lancaster, Ohio.
Probate Judge-JESSE LEoHNER, ,oMceinPubli'
Building.
Prosseuting Attorney-WM. 7. WISE.
SisriF-IAMEs MILLER, Office at Jail
clerk of COurt-JoHN c. RAINEY, Office Public
Building. ,, - n,;,.
Trsasarer-P. G. .BENADUM, oHice Public Building
tRseorder-A .SYFERT. Olce Public Building:
Surpeyor-E. S. HANNUM, Office, Public Building
Coronsr-L SLEEPER. residence, Madsontp.
. .Tommissioners-JoSEPH SHARP, of Bern Town.
thip; JONAS A. BAKER, Of Walnut Township, and
JOHN w. CUNNINGHAM, of Hooking Township; \,
SshooI Eraminsrs-WM. WHITNEY, JOHN
WILL ANS and URIAH G. RUTTER.
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22
A Visit to the Great Wall of China
Present Condition of the Work.

Mr.. FOnbhuque communicates to the
London Times graphic description of a
visit to the Great Wall of China. The
following are extracts
Accompanied by Mr.. Dick, an excel.
lent Chinese scholar, and attached as in
terpre,er 10 the Commissariat, left Ten
tsin on the 1871 of March, and.fafier 9
three days riGe through as uuinterestmg
a country as can well be conceived, came
in sight of the fine solid wall which en-
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22
THE graf WALL.

Another days journey brought us to
Chataou, hamlet at tie foot Of the grea
wall. The road for the last fifteen mills
had BEEN so bad that we were obliged tC
leave our horses at Nahkan, hiring il
thrir place Tartar ponies. Nothing les:
sure footed than these shaggy .Shardy H.
tie beasts could have carried Us through
those rugged mountain paths, which VT
would have done on foot but that ont
miles march over the sharp rock whicl
forms the pavent would have left US shoe
less
At day break on the following morning
we climbed the highest peak oftbe noun.
tain range. and there sanding on the toy
of the great wall, reflected on the stupen
dous folly of this souderlul work OF hU
man industry, which is said to taye cos
the country Two hundred thousand live'
from sheer physical exhaustion The
wall, which is built OF stone and brick, i:
twenty feet high and fifteen feet broad
surmouuted by double parapet, loop
holed on the north side. AS far as tht
eve can follow the mountain rang i
winds over the ridges of the precpl'out
black rocks like a gigantic serpent crawl
ing along, aud with its breath poison'n4
all around; for turn where you will, no
thing meets the view bat the deso'ate
fdreary tract of Iock. unrelieved hy
blade of grass or luft of moss, and hug
boulders strewing the base Of the noun
tain sides. II was the whim ola tyiau
to build wall where Nature lad alreNd,
built a barrier far more efectual than any
thing that human art could construct
However. there it remains, after a laps
Of nearly two thousand years-a monu
ment Of the cruel folly OF one man, an
the patient industry and sutferings G
mary thi usands.
Eaving made an abortlve attempt at
sketch, aud tried in vain TO discover on
redeeming feature in this vast scene {
desola,iou, secured my brick and de
scending to the pass, remounted to pre-
ceed homeward. Our guard could hardl
believe his certainly he doubte
, ours. When at Nankan mine host il
quiled what we we're going to the Gret
Wall for, Our honest answer met wit
no credit. Were there not walls everi
where? Was not the wall Of Pekin muc
better worth looking al? And then,
for shooting why come so far for gan
9 when it could be bought in the market
, our very doors? His impression eyiden
lv was that we had some sinister proje
in view: but when we, returned with ii
brick the good man simply burst Of
laughing, and set us down for a couple
+ harmless maniacs,
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22

PBusinoss cards ofabout linos,b the year, IS 90
ertisements, not marked on thcmanuscript,
will he continued at our terms pntil forbid
NT5Legal advertise nients Administrators notices,
&c. must be paid for Ia advance, for reasons which,
we will explain at the time.
UPrhe above terms strictly observed In all cases.
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22
RnoK AND JOB PRINTING.

we are prepared to execute all descriptions ofJo
WORK: such as CARDS, CIRC'LARS, POSTERS,
AND FANCY 10 BBING G, with new and superiortype,
and OF ali O ri notice.
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22

clsses the Struggling mass Of ruin, dit
and deray called Pekjn.
Chinese villages are, at best, dreary
ard sqdalid looking. bu, on this r6h'e.
where tie dogs Of war have 30 recently
been Jet loose. theIe is some thing bar.
rowing in the misery and DISSOLUTION Of
the scene. Has grinding oppression
and long suffering deadened he Ifeart
Of the Chinese PEASANT to all sense Of in
jury? Or has he. after all Christian
feeling Of forgiveness toward his enernies,
for which no orthodox churchman would
give the Pagan cr-dir? | cannot explain
it, but own to something like sense ot
shsme having come over me as we two
solitary unarmed strangers passed through
crowds OF men, women aud children.
standing by the charred ruins of their
homesteads and among their shattered
household gods, without being met by a
single angry look or Cesturs-nay, more,
always receiving ready and friendly
reply to every question. Perhaps they
felt grateful that We had, at any 1atc,
spared their lives. whirh is more than
they can expect from their counlrymen,
the rebels, when they pay them a visit.
Some Of the villages along our road
were mere heaps of rubbish, Others re-
tanned more or less the sembance Of hu.
man habtations. In the larger ones such
as Ho-is-woo, which j. may be remember
ed was for some time in occupation of our
troops, the late enemy'S inscriptions on
doors and walls seem to be piously pre-.
served as agreeable relics, and such ia
miiiar garrison words as "Ohicers' Quar-
ters,' 'Canteen.' 'Fane's Horse Com
mis8sriat,' p General Hospital" &c, meet
one at every turn, though one cannot but
remark with r-gret that the buildings
which appear 10 have afforded shelter 0
the invaders are sadly devoid OF every
Thing in the shape Of woodwork, which
was probably used as occasion required
for cooking dinners and boiling water
A celebrated and imposing paw n5roker s
shop, which was "loot-d' here has not
yet recovered itself, but let it be borne
in mind that in pillage; as in wanlon de,
struction, the Chinese themselves far ex-
Gel the British or even tie French sol
diers; the bonds Of restraint once remov.
ed, and Celestial mob have no patriotic
or religious scruples as TO the property
of Mandarian priest or peassnt-as they
fully excmplifed at the sacking Of Yuen
ming-vucn and the Llama temple, the sa-
cred proceeds Of which are to this day
openly offered for sale at more Or less ex
obitant prices in the shops of Tein.tsin.
AFRExcH BISHOP IN CHINESE ATTIRE
At Hu-is. WOO we met French mis-,
sionary bishop on his way to Europe, af-
ter having passed twenty-five years in
China He was dressed in the native
costume, even TO The piytail, and appear,
ed to be treated with great reverence by the
unb lieving crowd. who fiocked in 10 see
the "M4ndarin priest The self devotion
the z-al, aud, as very general rule, the
pure and simple lives led by the French
missionaries in China. (and their number
throughout the empire and the Kingdom
of Siam exceeds 800, are not without
their effect upon the people although this
is MOI displayed by u Wholesale and indis-
criminate conversion to nominal christi.
ouItv
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22

rE The Union Defense Committee Of
Chicago have sapo. to, work to equip toNI
regiments for GenS Fremons 'iis g, s.Ss g
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22

A W Sampson Of Champaign county
William Ezry of Montgomery county
A Elliott do
Robert Dickey do
And others.
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22

USSos SHAu9NT IsSslARTLASD'---A
meeting Of Union men, 'hSld rt Rockville,
Marxla u.tmrsths lOlkinstant, adopted the
following resolution:e
| Resolsed as tt~assna ofsthis conveu-
Ition, that the uciyil 1sr which now unhap-
Fpily lsfiiie bmsheleysd Country is, on tie
part ofabs aahsRl Government. purely
| Of self defense A7
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22
TERMs OF ADVERTISING.

AsQuare Holiness orless, one Insertion. 50
ThreeinsertiOns w
For each additional inse rton. 25
All adve ertisements running lessthan three months
chargal at the above ratos.
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22

H.--tWoooUpaliies UT "0"P0
of cavalry, O "a Re
SysALERN.SvA commissioned ancer
heISw Ahe captain. - e.
v1DETrEs -Senvies upon outposis'plac'
ed to observe meg mems Of the enemy
and to communicate bX signal
The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1861-08-22
TERMS oE SUBSCRIPTION.

The Gazette will be published every Thursday, OF
the following terms:
One year n advance ...................."..$l so
After the expiration OF 9 months ............ 90
orless time than one year, at the rate Of. so
per annum, but invariablein In advance.
lCPNo discontinuance euntilarrearagesar opaid.
Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1861-08-16

We publish to-day General EeDowelIs order Of bltte
sad The report Of Gen Hsu,1elnsn, and shall continue
20 publsh such reports Of Other Brgaders may pos
.sss lnterts, 70 the general reader.
Gen. HeiutzelmAn's report IS rich. The w7othy He.-
1Aa eouieSseS Hsrsr si,RssssG iEeh rou' before
Tue DEF Ills Of the Yankee Regiments which be led to ii
slaugbtsrof their rsPuss and reFeatsre Instructive
10 the present and s be edyng 70 future generations
Toe l4h Brooklyn (be tells us) came CALAMITY into
ion bls soon after the firing began it broke and rar,
add never could be rallied.
These are the mighty Of var, Who With flourish
OF trumpsts beating o. gongs, display of Bsodgnsgen
guns and Chinese stink. pots, threatened to oVerHhen
he South II hsd listened 20 their racket 10 Their
.npd and nsoleut sefeopceit and Chinese ARROGANCE
char never for moment do1bGed could do they woHi
Laye had pleasant enough i4unt ~ Asbuond. They
sssla have had me field for the indulgence Of their
tsyo-its psssious-thsy would have pisrsd aud RAPID
.oi buTnt Snd zsssacIed aud staggered Ouly sS-r
o-sns.! prototypes could have iOns. b., -iih GsI
sa.fos sad rspacity Snd cruelty. sss mingled tie
ice1iag in6tuiSy .; eo~sTdice. they would gisGiy
have robbed Sod ssslssirsted ea and polluted women
OCT thsy hldnE ma courage necessary 10 colsuD12te
s5s sisto.os Eork, Thsy broagbt in;e the field Issf
Mighty cAnLoa twenty feet loug, aid elevated she's
tuur.eea iest ia diameter, and al thsif other hIDgs
lie sam. gigantic Chinese scale snd they supposed that
every shadow Of opposition would disappear and that
her vulgar persons would not be exposed to the slight
eel danger But 81 the first fire they dad like dogs
" Such roas, rSvsr sitassssd' e1sAims their own
commander.
As thelro~n Generals give this character to them,
hops they viii complain that other PsOPe agree With
Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1861-08-16
Civn War In East tennessee

Mr. John J. Craig. Cashier OF a Blnk in Koo1Jille,
gives an account Of trip be made through Kentucky
70 Cincinnati. Being decided aud usllknowu Uaion
man, be bad access to that sort Of people but being
opposed TO the Introduction Of foreign and forces
into Tennessee be sOuty opposed the desgus to that
cod which be found 90 foot.
He SAYS: "0n reaching Ci5elnnat, learned that an
Aid Of Gen. Andersons It. Col WIN. Nelson, 70 whom
was eOn6dsd the duty Of armirg and organizing The
UnOn forces Of Kentucky and Tennessee then in the
city. Immediately sought AID obtained interview
With him met in bis several officers Of distinc-
ION from Kentucky and elsewhere Our interview was
protracted to late hour. he fy and frankly declared
10 ne tie puTpOss Of Ais gOgsrHmsnt 70 send arms and
Aasa inso East Tennessee frankly aud fully opposed
The step as In my opinion premature and ureted for
This Was on the l9h JAY too days before the battle
u Manassas Mr.. craig states that be eKerted himself
during his SAY in Cincinnati 10 Efforts to prevent the e1
petition TO Tennessee, aud met with some encourage
men, from prominent men, But Ii does not appear that
b. produced any eject 90 Gen. Anderson or Col Mel
son Who had the enterprise In hand. The telegram,
since thaI time announces that Gen Anderson has Sig
u6ed his determination to lad the Kentucky TOTES
against the South Well, The uilfu' man mum ha bis
va" Lst him lead on--hs viii find As brave men to
meet Aim-and his will be the imAerishabs shame Of
serving despOsn and iOnsntng civil war In bis native
land
Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1861-08-16

A rumor was brought down by the Central cars, yes
tsrday. 10 the effect that detachment of troops
under Gen Evans had attacked force Of the enemy at
Love,tsyille in LOudoun, and killed about $50 and cap
,ured roo. We know not whether there is any truth
IN this report though think probable that whatever
rec the enemy had a. Lovetsvle may have been cap
tured Ii was stated last week that they occupying
that psce-the number given. The late rams have
raised the river and cutting of their retreat put then
a the mercy OF superior force. But We suspect their
numbers did not exceed Accompany two Of maraudsrs
Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1861-08-16
THE HANDCUFFs-A SUGGESTION.
INV ORLEANS, Aug. 9, 1861

w" NhLhANsi aug. iooi'
To The Editor Of the Wig:
The Petersburg Express notice, says that the hard
cuffs taken at Manassas ought to be distributed through
o the Confederate States placed in public PAGES that
the sight Of them may people to yet deeper
resentment That may be good idea. But have
another suggestion TO make.
Let tlese manacles be linked together 10 chain,
and piled up in in the Capitol or some other pub.
lie building of Virginia Over this to be erected group
Their Of marble or brouzs representing the figures in
,he coat of Of Virginia Let the genius Of the ar
st be called forth to yPy the triumph at Manassas and
commemorate how a bad despodsm was defeated in At
tempting to degrade free people with these fetters-
The figure of Virtue standing erect her foot on the y
rants neck the odous manacles forced from his impo
,eat grasp with the words Sic Ssmpsr Tyrdnni' assoc
a'ed as 1t would be in this case would form design the
sight of which would touch the nsbites Of every Vr
ginian and Of every souherner II the royal purrle
of the PROSTATE figure could be elongated into mill
tlry cloak, its crown be made slightly to resemble
Scotch plaid cap and rs features copied from those Of
certain Illinois baboon, it mig lot be amiss
You're L.. D.
Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1861-08-16
From the Knoxville r, sister CT the 18th
"THE BALL OPENED IN EAST TENNES sEE.

For some time Il has been known that Capt Thorn.
burg Of Union County, strong Lincelnite, has been
organizing military company, for the svowed purpose
Of aiding n the sui gaion Of the Souh The arrange.
ments being complete on Friday last they took up the
line Of march for Kentucky 10 unite with the Lincoln
forces h being organized and TO return to their own
native section to upon the soil OF East Tennessee
the damnsbe deeds that has marked their course in Mis-
souri,, Virginia and Maryland.
Fortunately, however, a repor, Of their movements
reached the Of Lieut. Col. L. N. Walker In com.
mand at Cumberland Gap For With be dispatched the
gallant Capt n Asbby, with portion of the cavalry
under bis command to intercept the passage and pos
ab!e arrest the i,glesder They came in contact with
Capt Thorhburg and his traitor band Of eighty men,
near Rogers Gap, in Scott county They were armed
sth John Brown pixies, pistols bo~ieknives and some
few rifles. surrender was demanded Il was refused,
and charge was made upon them, wh put the whole
party TO flight Several shots fred one Of which
took effect in the neck Of Capt Thornburg checked his
locomotinn and forced him TO surrender. Some sven
or eight others were captured, besides II horses ~
pixies several large knives pistols, r sscbels and
saddlee. 10 act Ii vas ninature Manassas sfYdr.
Iient. Gibbs was the hero Of the battle Capt Thorn.
burg valuable torse which, Lieut. Giobs was an
ious TO purchase when be entered the Confederate ser.
vice. Thornbg asked 1900 for him. but refused to let
Gibbs have him at any price, The Lieut. told him be
would yet have the pleasure Of riding him. That wtea.
ever Tbornbure attempted to cross the Cumberland
Mountain on bis helsh mission, be would capture him
and take his horse.
What be told him In jest has been realized. Lieut.
Gibbs, made gallant charge upon the Captain, took
him prisoner and now parades on bis fac horse
This % but the beginning in East Tennessee, and IN.
lees better conrcils prevail no man can tell the end
This man Thornburg s represented a. one Of the lead
ing rsbeiltoas spirits OF this section. He was found
arms against the Government to which be owes Aks,
anoe. Has committed Treason against The Sac ana
Confederate G,vernmsnt, and the ful penalty OF MS
crime should be visited upon him. There no eitn,e
or Justification for his acts. Towards bis oeiuoed ioi.
lowers, vs have different feelings. They kncw not
what they do" They have been nsed ana oecs'vec'
and are he yoms Of misplaced conf eocs The truth
has been ,esed book TO them, and their minds poison.
cd With fslss rprssesfafio"s.