The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1861-02-20
Y ne Great Afntaip.


The Great Armada.
" nave not yet had the pleasure of read
inS the second part Of MoTLBYs History o,
The Dutch Republic. 1t is spoken of in the
English Reviews, however, asa work of Srea
ability, indicating vast amount Of labor and
research. Nr. MOTLEY has awaited himself OF
The liberal policy OF the Governments OF
Spain, France Austria, and England, with
the most commemorate industry From the
secret archives of SIxAscAs, the piles of
musfy manuscripts in the public Offices of
London, and the State papers al Paris, Vienna
and Venice. he has extracted materials never
used in history before. The period of which
he treats In hisapresent volume is one OF the
most in teresting in history. Il is that Of the
Great Armada, which was sent to invade
England. and which was destroyed in the
Channel and the North Sea, by DRAKE, Fro
3isHER, RALEIGH, the English fre-ships, the
winds, the waves, the cliffs of England, and
the iron -bound coast of Norway. The re-
searches of Mr.. MoTLEY place an entirely diff
1erent face upon the events of this period from
what they have ever before borne in history
HE p.rscnages, too, turn oat, upon close in
sPeeuon, 10 hsye been altogether different
from "hat they have been supposed TO be.
admirers OF HUME will probably be content
stu to think, that England, under Heaven
owed her safety to two personages-Lord
Treasurer BURLRIGH ard Queen ELlzABE1H-
Mr.. MOTLEY clearly establishes the fact thar
nothing can he farther from the tru tn thnn
EIzABETH had force under her favorite LEI
CB-fEE in the low conn tries many years before
the armada. She starved the war to hoard up
money. She made her general insist on pretan-
siols which produced angry quarrels between
hm and the people he was sent to assist She
was Informed for wears beforehand that PHILIP
meditatcd the IN vilsion of England. NALsISa
RAA--her great secretary--con tinually dinued
IL into her ears. lie had spies everywhere -
He knew the most secret couEsels OF PHILIP |
lie was acquainted with every movement |
every design, every thought almost OF
PHILIPS General in the low coRutries-the |
celebrated ALEXANDER FARsEsE, Prince of /
Parma, These he regularly reported to the |
queen. Tor four years there had been ire
nendous activity in ali the ports of Spain
PHILIP and parma pretended that great ex-
pedilion against India was fitting out. In |
vain " ALsIAGHAA assured her that he had GER |
tam Information OF its Observation-Disclosures il !
was beyond doubt designed for England. She |
ahgrily repulsed him. She believed it was |
nos true, because she did not wish il TO be |
true. She would believe nothing to be true |
winch, II true, would cost her money Her |
a'arice had become inexorable. She could (
not be induced topat the kingdom in a state Of |
defence. She sent Amh9ss ldors over to Os- |
tend, 10 negotiate with PARMA. BURLRIGH |
actually wrote 10 that great General and con-
sulnInate dissembler, begging him to tell him.
IN truth, whether hs really designed TO invade
England. PARMA amused Che Ambassadors |
win entertainment is for six months. Even |
after the Armada had entered the Channel |
ana exchanged broadeides with EFFINeHAM
these negotiations We're going on. The ueen's |
parsimony had left the Kingdom absolutely |
delenceless. On paper, Sir JoHS NORRIS UNI /
der the orders OF LEIcEsTER, had q 900 men. In
reality, he never had 1000. On paper, ELIZA
IN had q body guard OF SC, 900 Itexisted on
paper alone. Her famous speech at Tiibury
was not made until eleven days after the
Spanish feet had been dispersed by the storm,
and when there was no longer any danger
Her ayarice was SO great that she could not
be induced to pay the soldiers who had come
forth 10 fight for her Crown. They had no
provision except such as was procured for
them By their officers, al their own expense.
They had 10 hospitals, and soldiers and sailors
After the Spanish feet had been dispersed,
She wished 10 lay up the English ships. and
not pursue The Spanards 10 complete the vic |
tory, because il was TOO expensive She WAS
1nly prevailed Oh ut last by Lord EFFISGHAM
not TO do this, by his engaging 10 pay all ex-
penses himself
Mr.. MOTLEY makes il ahundantly clear that
II England had depended on elizabeth or
fCALkieH fcr safety, she would have been
ott sBtkLkIGH was one of those successful
featocre men, so often met with in history
"Aose sole craftsmanship begins and ends
"Iih getilhs and keeping Office. He knew tho
queen dld not wish to believe in the Spanish |
INVASION, and he encouraged her not to be- |
ieFe anything 80 unpleasant In that way
le Kept his Office, and got credit for the hap
py event, which was due to no foresight OF
Ais own. To WALsINGHAa,--first of ALTO
oHAkE, 10 RALEIsH, 10 FRoBlsaER. to EssEx
- AAwKIAs-to her gallant sesmen and her
ntluclble little Navy-EBgland owed her sal |
'duon from the danger. These facts which |
ave Jnst come out now, in the 10Th century, |
'ier singular commentary upon the man |
ieT in which history was written in former
thIss. Writers never seemed think il
oIth their while TO examine public docu-
Aent, or an original man uscript OF any Ges-
lipt4oh inty merely stated facts as they had /
'eeh lated Ia some printed books before and
nat passed for history. ELIzaggrH viii bear
Win poeierily very different character
rom that she has borne heretofore.
AAoihef character, dear to romance and
history, the Earl OF eiceeter-AaY Rogsagrs /
l-eieesier-is placed in 4 new light by air Nor
m "es0Spcet that The story on which Sir e
!, ~"1EA SCOTS famous novel is founded IL n !
oifoin beginning TO end. We do NOT bei;ave
iVsSfEk EVER had any hand in murserina bix
"de. wan That the history has no,hiny 10
10 Ii Deals only with Isis charaetep of a., {
IA Chief IN the low Countries ar, {
'heFe u ~ certain that EIizABgrH herse,r ,.,s :
10 DIANE ior ali the failures OF the Enoli,l /
army. uer ayarice ruined all Lgiegsrps ma I
70 Dear ale own expenses, which were euor
NOUS. she advanced hiin money 10 exyena
Ia tier own service, and took mortgage ON
ais estate Tor Tie amount she ended by re-
iaeihg hina TO the verge Of bankruptcy. Herl 4
bar siiaoAy extended 10 bis troops, whom she | {
'I%fyed 10 such degree that they became ut
cry ineiiieient. Aud this was the great
I ueen."