The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-12-26


and abundance crowns the land by which order Is pre-
served by unpaid police and the most fertile regions
a the world where the Caucasian cannot labor are
brought into usefunens BY the labor Of the African and
the whole world y blessed by productions All
demand OF other peoples to be let alone TO work out
own high destinies. United together, and we must
be the independent, are the most important
amongst the nations OF the world United together and
we require other instrument 10 conquer peace than
benehcent productions. United together, and
be great, free and prosperous people, whose
nown must spread throughout the civilized world and
pass down We trust the ages. We ask you
TO Join US in forming confederacy Of siAvehoding
States.
MA, DONE In CONVENTION, DECEMBER, "a, 1850
The state Of South Carolina having determined to
s de' to the EneS Sses
a and 10 the nations Of the world that she should de
clare the causes which have led to this act
In the year 1885, that portion OF the British Empire
embracing Great Britain undertook to make laws for tho
government Of that portion composed Of the thirteen
American Colonies struggle for the right OF self gov
ensued which resulted the 4h Of July, 1776
Declaration by the Colonies 'that they are and OF
right ought be free Independent States aud that
free Independent States they have full power 70 levy
conclude peace, contract alliances, establish com
merce and 10 do all other acts and things which ndepen
dent States may OF right do.n sr
They further solemniy declared that whenever any
"for Of becomes destructive Of the ends for
which established 1t is the right OF the people to
alter abolish IT, and 70 institute new government"
Demlng the government Of Great Britain 70 have become
destructive Of these ends they declared that the colonies
care absoyed from all allegiance to the British crown,
and that all polira connection between them and the
States Of Great Britain is and ought to be, totally dis
solved"
In pursuance Of this Declaration Of Independence each
OF the thirteen States proceeded to exercise its separate
sovereignty adopted for itself constitution and ap
pointed officers for the administration Of government in
al lis Observation-Disclosures, executive and Judicial
| their counscs: and, in ITS, they entered into
league known rs the articles OF confederation,
whereby they agreed en,rust the administration Of
their external relations TO common agent known as
the Congresso of the United States expressly declaring in
the first article hat each State retains its sovereignty,
and right which not by this confederation, expressly
delegated TO the United states in Congress assembled
Under this confederation the Of the Revolution was
carried on and the Cd d September 1888 the contest
ended and deGnve treaty was signed by Great Bri-
tain in which she acknowledged the independence Of the
colonies in the following TERMS
Article Ills Britannia Majesty acknowiedges the said
shoae Island and Prasidenes CONNECTICUT
aa N aron nS Carolina anS sc 70 80
sovereign and States thai he treats with them As
" the and every part thereof.
Thus was established the two great principles assert
ID by the colonies namely the right OF State to govern
itself and the right of people TO abolish governaent
when becomes destructive Of the for which IL
was Instituted And concurrent with the establishment
Of these principles was the fact that each colony became
md was recognized BY the mother country as free,
soyereign and independent state.
La 1887 Deputies appointed by the States to re-
wise the articles Of confederation, and on 18th Septen
ber 1887 these Deputies recommended Tor the adoption
Of the States the articles OF union known as the Const
tuition Of the United States.
the several sovereign States they TO
disagree, and when nine of them agreed, the compact
take effect among those concurrng; and the gene
M government the common agent, was then TO DO In
vested with their authority.
If only nine OF the thirteen States had concurred the
other four would have remained they then were-seps
rate sovereign States independent Of of the provi
Of the constitution In fact, two Of the States did
the constitution until long after 1t had
into operation among the other eleven and during that
interval, they exercised the functions Of an independent
i nation.
| BY this constitution certain duties charged on
the several States and the exercise OF certain OF their
lowers restrained, which necessarily implied their
lnuod existence sovereign States But, TO all
doubt amendment was added which declared that the
powers not delegated TO the United States by the ccnst
tuition prohibited by 1t TO the States reserved TO
the States respectively, or to tho people On I'D May
17sS, South Carolina by convention of her people,
Tessed ordinance asserting to this constitution and
afterwards altered her constitution 70 conform her.
/ self TO the obligations she had undertaken.
Thus established, by compact between the States,
government with defined objects aud powers limited
10 the express words Of the grant and 10 much
only Is vas Necessary 70 execute tho power granted
subject the rescrving IL TO the States 10 the
people and rendered unnecessary any specification Of re-
We hold that the government thus established Is rub-
jet 70 the two great princpes asserted in tho Declaration
Of Independence hold further that the mode Of its
formation subjects II 10 third Fundamental principle,
nsmclythc law o. compact. We maintain that in every
compact between two or moro parties the obligation Is
n4uuaha tho failure OF OF the contracting parties
10 perform material part Of tho agreement entirely
leases the obligation Of the other and that whore
mont TO determine the fact OF failure with ali its conse
/ gucncc.
taniy. We assert that lftceu o the States have delibcr
aey refused for years past TO fulfil their constitutional
obligations and refer 10 Their own statutes for tho
proof
The constitution the United states It's sth article
prov idcs as follows
"No person held to service labor iu State under
the laws thereof escaping into another shall In
qrencc of any Law regulation therein be discharged
from labor but shall be delivered up,
dla.v
This sti,us ON was 50 material 20 the compact that
without II that compact wcud not have been made The
greater number of the contracting parties held slaves,
and the state of Virginia had previously declared her
81 mate of it, value BY making II the condition Of her
ct~on Of the territory which nov compose the States
north a the ohio River.
Tho article Of the constitution ssipulses ato Tor
the rendition by the several ste OF fugtivcs from jus
tee from the other States
Tho general government the agent, passed
Laws carry into effect these stpulaons o. the States
Tor many years these laws were executed But an in
hotly the part o. the Northern States TO
the institution NJ slavery has led 10 disregard OF their
obligations and the lave az the general government have
casod 70 effect the objects OF the Constitution. The
states OF Maine, New Hlmpshrc, Vermont Mss-achu-
sets Connecticut, Rhode leland, New York. PonnSyva
MA, Illinob INDIANA, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin aud
crrsss. Or rondsr assss any sssrmp. 70 execute them
In many ~ thee States the fugitive discharged from
the service labor clinei and Of them has the
60, eminent compiled with the stipulation made IN
| the constitution The state of New jersey. At
early day, passed. Law for the rendition OF fugitive
sxvos IN conformity with her const tutlcna undertaking.
but the current o antislavcry feeling has led her
recently enact laws which render Imperative the
ncdCs Pros ded by her law and by tho laws Of Con.
gTcFs. In the state of New York the right of
for slave bsbcen denied by her tribunals and
the states Of Ohio Iowa have refused 10 surrender
10 Justice fugitsycs charged with murder and with in
citing servie nslrrcctou in the STATE Of Virginia
rhus the constitutional compact has been deliberately
broken and dsregsrdcd b. The slaveholdx states
a2d the consequence follows that South Carola is
lcslsed from It's obligations.
No ends ior which TIN. Constitution was framed are
IA cared by itself be form perfect union,
ostabsh justice 9ura doostc tranquility, provide Tor
the deence protect M general welfare and So
cure The bessnss O. iihr'y % ourselves aud our POS
| tcrity.v
These enis il erdeavore. 70 accomplish by federal
government, IA which each state rocnqrxei
cqrs and bad SEPARATE control over It's own institutions
Ths right Of property In slaves recopizrd by giving
" free porSss dist hct political rights BY giving them
the right rsprcssnt sn1 bareing them With direct
for thTc, tfths &C their savcx by authorizing The
importation OF slaves Tor twcrty years, and by stpu-
llli1s fo~ the rendition Of f0Styee frota babor.
We ainrm ihat lhes ends for which tins government