Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1860-08-10
AMERICAN ASSOCIATIONS FOR THE
ADyANCEMENT OF SCIENCE
August ; l.


Prof. Newbury gave paper on the OIL Weli' O. lI9
West. He said that the subject was practical and
economical. The location of the wells IN Pennsyi-
vania was well known. The wells have been known
for many years. They were known before the set
tlement by the whites. The country was p1tted IN
some places. Lately man digging for a we'll took
one of these old pits, and after digging p feet,
came upon an old crib Of timbers built up to catch
the petroleum. Old trees, two feet in diameter,
stood over the site. Most Of the wells produce
twenty-five barrels. One opened last week produ-
ced so barrels in 25 hours Specimens os oil were
shown.
The oil as it comes from the wells, is dark-c 1lored
1t needs to be refined and deodorized-yielding
about 25 per cent. Of refined oil. 1t burns freely
better than any from the celebrated Albert coal
Of New Brunswick. 1t is found in Pennsylvania,
Ohio Illinois In the last named State it is found
in limestone. Oil is also found in Canada. They
are found on one geological level, below the coal
measures in the DevOnian system. Portage sand
stone is usually penetrated to obtain it. The
theory Of the formation Of this oil be would leave
To the chemists. The shales, from which the oil
came was FL led with animal fossils and he thought
it in part derived from the decomposition Of AMI
mails. The Cliff Limestone Is filed with organic
remains; and he thought from the very pungent
odor Of the oil from the ChH limestone, the OIL
must be from animal decomposition.
Prof Whitney thought from what he knew Of
the geological strata, it could not have been pro-
duced by animals.
Prof. Rogers thought that the distillation must
have been produced at q comparatively low tenn
peTature
GEORGIA GOLD MINES.
Dr. William 7. Blake gave paper on the dis
trbution Of gold, in veins in the Georgia gold
mines. He said that there was general law
which governed distribution, and If that law
was generally understood it would save much
I .tf- No ffl j.
elongated vertical patches, running IN me win
the strata dip Ii was inclusive that the gold was
igneous in ori gin. Gold was Of paratlye recent
! origin. lie then gave in connection the general
laws which govern the distribution IN accordahce
with the above, and gave illustrations oy spe'l-
mems from mines one worth $751; Inc paper
was Of great interest.
ANCIENT ANl MODERN AMERICAS RACES.
/ This was an chronological paper on the initiative
faculty in relation TO character i-tics Of ancient
| and modern races by Prof. Wilson OF Toronto,
I C. W. The scope Of the paper was to s1o% tnat
| the Laps and FIas and other nations Of Europe
! the Esduimaux, Indians, down through the cJnll-
/ uent to Patagonia make their stone tuoss al'cI
| the same pattern There Is among all these a SIN
/ ilarity Of symbolic signs. The conclusion Wulcl
Mr. Wilson arrived at was, that the aoOrlsiuaIs ol
| this country did not have instruc ion Ia tueae
matters from the old country nations, but tat tle
/ form OF tools originated with each nation o. VIZ
/ tue Of the initiative faculty IN man.
Prof Gibbon Of North Carolina Uttered from
/ the riev and ave in support illustrations from
/ stephens Central America and from Humooidt s
travels One Of the pictures given by stephens
was Of a bearded man with shield and sF u, vi,A
q corutenauce like an oIl irish colonel OF Lls ac
quaiu:auce. daughter. lie thought that
evidences were opposed to the theery of 81, 60
/ son.
Prof. Aglssiz said thai
hasty in our gene nc 50. IL 1'---5 "l-- ~
| H. i- .ue world over. The reason dccs DO
- tno general initiative faculty Of men, bu
because flint was the same everywhere, alI TIA
when struck il would break into arrOwLeadeI form
Prof Agazziz continued in an elevated strain, $40
made an exceedingly interesting speech, contend
Ing that man was from ons origin; that the at
tempts which had been made by some ethnalogis,
to separate man into distinct species, with z
community Of creation, was directly opposed &
large comprehensive views Of the origin Of species
He was glad the paper was presented