Nebraska advertiser., 1860-04-26

land of any kind) should be avoided, as
The grapes are much more subject lomil.
dew and rot on such soils, aud the vines
are apt to make rampant unhealthy
growth.
PREPARATION ON THE GROUND.
The grounu Should be lrenched with a
spade to the depth of 9 to l-2 feet,
and the top soil tnrnrd under. The best
time FIR this, is III Autumn or very early
in The Winter, as the soil will then be
mellOwrd hy the frosts. Mr.. Porst;htl,
one of our most successful wine growers,
throws in layer of corn stalks, brush
cut with the leaves on IN Summer, ETC.,
at the bottom of the trench. This serves
as a partial underdrain, and also as a
manure, and is an excellent plan. Wet
spots may he drained by cutters. filled
with loose stones, covered with fiat ones,
aud then filled with earth. Surface drain
ing may be done 10y sulall dilches in ev-
cry sixth or eighth row, running parallel
with the hillside, and leading into a
main ditch at the eud or middle Of the
vineyard. Steep declivitieS must be ter.
raced or benehtd; as this is, however
very expansive, they ought TO be avoided
PLASTING.
Opinions differ much among wine grow
eFs a 10 the proper dlstanre IN planIugF
Uf course, ihe kind i8 b. plaaied. nors
or less vigor of gyo.eih. must Be sakrn Is.
Io conznl ration For HE Calawfa, ]
Fosild llnnk. SIX by SIX, OF four ~ sighl
feet, TIE proper distance the rows be-
ing only eight feet apart, aud the vines
four feet in the rows. For Newton's
Virginia, six by seven feet aud for Her.
benont six hy eight feet, the rows being
six feet apart, and the vines being eight
feet apart IN the rows. as this is a very
rampant grower. This will give free. cir
culaiiOn of air between the rows. one of
the great prevenliveS against mIldew and
rot; aud also gives The roots ample space
to spread. Much of the quality of the
fruit also depends on this, as a free adj
mission of sun and air viii, of COURSE,
materially improve the fruit.
Much diversity of opinion also exists
as 10 planting with cuttings or with root
I'd vines. My experience is decidedly n
favor of the latter. for the following rea-
sons: lst.3 A vine ought TO have Its prin
cipal roots at least foot brlow the sur.
face of the ground. buI a cutting will Of
ten strike nearly all It's roUls near the
surface. aud will then never make a
good, healthy vine; wher, as, in planting
rooted vines, the roots can he placed
where they ought to be. Cd. Some cut
rings will always fail to grow. even if
two are planted in the same place; the
vineyard alll need much rrplantIng, and
the second planting will not make as good
plants as the first. Where no routed
vines can be had, would advise plant
ing cuttings in nursery bed. in the fol-
lowing manner: Plant them in moist,
sandy, well pulveriZe6 sod, in rows three
feet apart, and three in:heS apart in The
rows III slanting position. one foot deep
with the lower end. with the upper eye
just above the ground, and keep lnrin frte
from weeds during summer. If the Sea-
son is favorable, they will make fine
strong plants for next Spring planting
The cuttings should be made of sound
w"llrippn.d, young wood aud contain
at least four YES or joints, cat them off
closely hrlOw the lower eye and about
an iuch above The upper; if heel of the
old wood is left atlarhed SO much the brt
ter They should be cut in th,. Fall,
tied in bundles. and buried IN the ground
Ill wanted for planning. This refers,
of course, only TO such varieties as Ca
iawba, Isabella. and other kinds which
will grow from cuttings Many Of the
most valuable kinds. such as NOrton's
Virginia. Delaware and others, will not
grow from cuttings. and must be prOpa
gated by layering, grating, e:c. As a
general rule, thc>t. va.lrtieS which have
very firm. hard Mo and bun little fiih.
will not propagatcvery readily from cut
Iings. I rH
In planting the vineyard lay the ground
off with line. and put down a sti:k six
teen To eighteen in-heS long, where The
plant is to grow. Dig a hole eighteen
inches deep in slanting direction. then,
having pruned your vine 10 two buds of
the Young wood lay II in aud take care
to spread the roofs properly; then throw
in shoyelful of rich. well pulverIz-d.
II L.. Il. ar,d Hll -