The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-01-24


by the American Postmaster General vrginan postoce
will IN future refuse 70 deliver his paper the ground
consistent with the safety OF society and Mr.. Horace
Greeley appears TO admit in his reply that he has
dress against this hardship but to wait prevalence
OF more courageous views in the government restores
the sons Of freedom TO their natural rights
The New Treaty with Mexico-Its Conn
merctal and Financial Benefits.
from the london Post (gove nnient orgaD), Jan. 81
The treaty Of commercial and military transport, just
concluded between the United States and the Juarez
government in Mexico, presents itself for considera
ton IN several points o. view. Regarded in purely
commercial char acter, there Ia no doubt that il
conieTs reciprocity OF advantages 70 both c0un-
ries and regarded in military character, il Is equal
ly certain that il consults the interests of
both acting sovenns In the case while the
win participate 10 the carrying d ade across their own
smus and in the other while the former possess the right
Of senoipg munitions of against any eventuales
through lehuanteptc and Sonora tina Juarez govern
ment gain the alliance and presump,lve military sup
port OF the United states in any attack which the
Miramon party may make upon them across the line Of
uans ceded by Juarez to the Washington government in
joint sovereignty These the two chief characteristics
Of the treaty which Mr. McIAne has just Concluded SO
far as its bearing the pospe Of Mexico copcerned
But AZ commercial interest Of the United States and
of other Powers this treaty invites consideration
What more detail The Cabinet Of Washington has OBJ.
tanned Of two lines u .ransi, from, Gnif
Of Mexico TO the Pacific These lines are 70
form peutl property the Washington and Vera Cruz
governme Dts bong what Is termed In International law
scuryans par indris; and the neutrality Of the two
r
alike. This community Of protection tenos 10 divest
the treaty of the character of absolute surrender
themselves the right OF giving an exclusive forci5e pro-
lection 10 their national interests against the event of the
Hafez government falling TO them quiet possession
This stipulation may be thought 10 bear the character Of
introducing the thin end of the wedge into Mcxican
risn,y; but tho other hand the insecurity incident TO
civil war would preclude any American merchan; from
sending bis wares through the Mexican territory without
spch protection Warehouses 10 be built the
ermiD OF each route and all goods passing between the
ffnnff- and ho If x,fy -h.ta,
country they may be bound. These briefly the alleged
spuatons Of the treaty and in exchange for
million dollars TO that OF Vera Cruz, half being taken
liquidation Of Mexican debts TO American bondhoisrs,
and the other hall being actually tn b." ''"A -
"a arc ntent 10 view this treaty commercial
characer apousn there .s stipulation OF an irree
want and gratu,ous description namely that which aims
10 freedom Of religion to Mexico and thus points
and indicates hardly disguised hostility TO the Mramon
party So far as such clause tends TO mpart fresh con-
it Much of the commercial benefit to be obtained from
this right Of transit depends in vew upon the ante
cedent question, whether the difficulty, expense and
delay of unloading and reoading viii more tnan
compensate for the saving or miles in avoiding tho
sea passage round Cape Horn. The dimnu.ion Of
distance by way Of Tehuantepec between the United
States and the chief ports of the Pacific is so great
as to render probable that this compensation will
be fully obtained. The instance Of the Cape OF Good
Hope and Red Sea routes between England and India
hardly apposite. The Cape route has retained its
eminence the direct through Egypt partly in
Mexican route between New York and the Pacific We
s Of be
with China, California and the Pacific Of South Anne
RIGA.
obvious that this concession of the Juarez govern.
ment the United States does compromise ytg of
any other STATE to negotioe aih the de tacto government Of
Sotheyn keco for similar privileges ty SOME other ro,e
oeross the isus, although such other
already in existence the creation Of fresh roads would
be pecessary apecdent to the concession Of corres
pdiuur rio n
maritime States Of Europe have, however. less interest
participation in such privileges than they have in the
independence and well being OF Mexico Great Britain
might doubt negotiate for the possession OF parallel
the Tehuantepec istbmus but in all pobaoi
ty If she 10 obtain such right, the vast bulk OF
her Pacific trade would continue to heretofore either
by way Cape Horn By Of the Cape and Australia
In Mexico itself she has, however. peculiar interests
Many Of the Mexican mines are worked with English
capital and by the hands under the supervi
SION Of Epglisbmen While the gold and silver
mines of tina, country have been so well worked that
they are reputed by NJ Chevaler TO have yielded
1852 oC0 sterling since the discovery Of America, the
iron and lead mines have scarcely been examined and,
although their products would scarcely remuBerate
portaon they would be Of the utmost value in the
try sef where iron has sometimes been momentary of
equal value with the precious metals NJ Chevaler
computes annual export silver from Mexico down
very recent period at from ten million 10 twelve mil
lion dollars and the English interests involved in the
working Of these mines too considerable ever TO dis
tract the attention of this country from the State of Mexico
here large bondholders Of the Mexican
government; and though We possibly may not care 10
participate in the advantage obtained by United States
these considerations which must always render us
equally anxious for the tranquility OF Mexico and soctous
for It's Independence.
MEXICO THE "sICK MAN. OF THE AMERICAN CONT.
from the London Herald, Jan.
Public attention has been SO much occupied with tne
affairs Of Italy and with specuatons on the policy that
may adopted at the approaching that Tow are
aware Of the ecen. negotiations between Mexico
and the United States 10 speak more correctly, be-
tween the authorities at Washington and the authorities
Vera Cruz which city Juarez leads the faction opposed
Of civil legitimate government does not exist the
rival chiefs only hold power by having the sword in the
hand and the foot in the srrup and the victor Of day
may be the vanquished OF tomorrow
During the war between Juarez and Mramon the Anna
rcan has leaned TO the side othe former and
bag at length concluded treaty with him. On former
cason we alluded to an interview between Mata,
Envoy Of Juarez and General Cass, at which President
Buchanan assisted The Envoy wanted aid for his party,
which not granted but sort OF diplomatic promise
made that the constitutional party tanquieed the
country and evinccd disposition TO adjust the claims Of
the American citizens In aicaoe and equitable spirit
moral and material did would be Afforded by the United
States appears thai bargain has been concluded.
and though at the r glance may seem that !nsfes has
Tong run be will have grounds for EMULATION Tue con
tracing parties are not on terms Of equality, but
almost stand to each other in tho relation OF
patror and client. Juarez wanted money. The
United States wanted territorial rights, ana tnese
valuable Ct Ss with a
power Of retaining one half a. 1000 600 dollars we're ap
propriated 10 qudae the claims Of American creditors
ration Of payment the United States have Obtained the
right tsansit Mexico, thus securing commercial
advantages both on the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
cestop Of this kind would barren unless carried with
il the right protecting the line Of anat and Of course
this b the first stepao military occupsisou and we need
not say that military occupation 10 the precursor TO mill
tary conquest Nis material guarantee IN Me true sptr
If kussian Diplomacy, tuukrdtod IL ne Aaosy y the
late cSpervr Nicholas b said that Juares pumos him.
self OBJ this arrangement, a. being chcckmaac 10 his
rival, General Mramou, who med!tatss an attack
on Vera Cruz, the headquarters Of Juarex Should
Aha nrt&A 0S~AnA
that her right Of passage might DO interrupted and
should he deny the right Of Juarez 70 have made the
treaty Is clear that he would have encounter the
army Of the United States for the bargain is 10
be supported by the sword. Juarex may indeed. I'll
umph over bis competitor, but the probability that ne
will have forged the hret links In the chain which may
ensave his country, at least tend to is absorption
when the convenient arrives for the ally 70 CLAIM
the prerogntves Of a master All history tells us ue
nature Of such compacs between the weak and tue srs
and how they terminate Mramou may not seze were
Cruz and Command the Tehusntpec route, si' nei'nef
x MA ms uenti