The western Democrat. [volume] (Charlotte, N.C.) 1852-1870, 1860-12-11

ment to a board of commissioners SUBMIT copy OF
the convention Congress, and recommend the ieg
lation necessary to carry 1t into eHect
Cu. PIC, ,xD Nrc.RAGUA- Persevering efforts
have been made for the adjustment OF the claims OF
American citizens against the government OF costa
Rca and | am happy to inform you that these nave
fraIIv prevailed convention signed at the city
of Sam lose on I'd of July last between the minis
ter resident of United in Costa Rca and the
enipotentiaries of that republic referring these claims
10 a board OF COMMISSIONERS ana proFluIhg Iol Tue
payment of their awards This convention Will be SUBJ
mtted Immediately to the Senate for their constitu-
tional action.
The claims of citizens upon the republic OF Nlca-
ragua have yet been provided for by treaty al
though digent efforts for this purpose have been made
bv our minister resident to that republic These are
still continued with a fair prospect OF success.
MExco-Our relations with Mexico remain in most
unsatisfactory condition In my last two annual mes
sages discussed extensively the subject of these rela
tons and do propose to repeat at length the
facts and arguments then presented. They proved
conclusively that citizens residing ia Mexico and
our merchants trading thereto had suffered series of
wrongs and outrages such we have never patiently
borne from any other nation For these successive
ministers invoking the faith of treaties, had in the
name of their country, persisenty demanded redress
and indemnificatiOn but without the slightest effect.
Indeed, so confident had the Mexican authorities be-
of patient endurance that they universally be-
eved they might commit outrages upon American cltl-
with absolute IMMUNITY. Thus wrote minister
in 1856, and expressed the opinion that nothing but
manifestation of the power of the Government, and
of its purpose punish these wrongs. will avail"
Afterwards in 1857 came the adoption of new con-
stituton for Mexico the election of n President and
Congress under its provisions and the Inauguration of
the President Within one short month, however, this
President expelled from the capital by rebellion
in the army. and the supreme power of the republic
assigned TO General ZulOga. This usurper in
his turn soon compelled to retire and give place to
General MiramOn-
Under the constitution which had thus been adopted
Senior Juarez chief justice of the Supreme Court,
became the lawful President of the Republic: and was
he DteD al nSf nd thor
y derived from it that the civil commenced, and
still continues to be prosecuted.
Throughout the year 1853 the constitutional party
stronger and stronger In the previous history of
Mexico successful military revolution the capital had
almost universally been the signal for submission
throughout the republic. Not the present occa-
sion majority of the citizens perSstenv tanned
the constitutional government. When this recOg-
missed in April, 1859, by the Government of the United
States, its authority extended large majority of
the Mexican States and people including Vera Cruz and
all the other important ports OF the republic. From
that period, with Mexico began revive
aud the constitutional government has afforded il all the
protection in their power.
Meanwhile, the government of MramOn still held
at the capital and over the surrounding country.
and continued its ourages against the few American
citizens who still had courage remain within its
power To cap the climax: After the battle of Tacu-
haya, in April, 1853 Gen Marquee ordered three
citizens of the United States two of them physicians
be seized in the hospital of that place taken and
shot without crime and without trial. This done
nOtwhs landing our unfortunate cOuntrymen were at
the moment engaged in the holy cause of atfordnu
relief the soldiers of both parties who had been
wounded IN the battle, without making distinction
between them.
The time had arrived in my opinion, when this Gov
ernmcut was bound to exert its power to arenge and
redress the wrongs OF our citizeuS and afford them
protection in Mexico. The inerposing obstacle was
that the portion of the country under the Mira
could not be reached without passing terri
Cory under the dction the constitutional govern
mcut Under these circumstances, deemed it my duty
to recommend to Congress in my last annual message
the employment of sufficient military force TO pene-
trate into the Interior where the government of Mira
To be found, or, if need be- without the con-
sent OF the Juarez government though it not doub
ted that this consent could be obtained. Never have
had Il clearer conviction subject than of the
Justice well as wisdom of such policy. No other
alternative was left except the entire abandonment of
our citizens who had gone Mexico, under the
fah OF treaties to the systematic injustice, cruelty
and oppression of Miramons Government. Besides
1t almost certain that the simple authority to employ
this force would itself have accomplished all OBJ
Jecs without striking single blow. DEMONSTRATIONS
al government would then this have establish
ed at the city of Mexico and would have been ready
and willing to the extent fits ability. to do Justice.
In addition and | deem this most important
Observation-Disclosures governments would have been
deprived of all pretext to interfere in the territorial and
domestic concerns of Mexico We should thus have
been relieved from the obligation resisting even bv
force should this become necessary, any attempt by
these governments deprive neghboring republic
OF portions of her territory; duty from which we
could not shrink without abandoning the traditional
and established policy of the American people. | am
happy to observe, that firmly relying upon the Justice
and gOUd faith of these governments, there pre-
sent danger that such contingency will happen Having
discovered that my recommendations would not be suS-
tanned by Congress, the alternative accom-
pSh, IN some degree, If possible the objects by
treaty StlpuatiOns with the constitutional government.
Such treaties were accordingly concluded by late
able and excellent minister Mexico and the 4th JAM
iaStwere submitted to the Senate for ratification As
these have not yet received the final action o. that
BODY II would DC improper for present detailed
statement OF their provisions. Still may be permit
ted to express the opinion in advance that they
calculated to promote the agricultural manufacturing
and commercial interests of the country and TO secure
our Just influence with adjoining republic as to
whose fortunes and fate feel indifferent
whilst at the same time they provide for the payment
of considerable amount towards the satisfaction of
the claims OF cur injured fellow-citizens.
KANSAS AND UTAH
At the period of my Inauguration was confronted
III Kansas by revolutionary government, existing I'M
what is called the Topeka constitution. Its avow-
ca "oect was to subdue the territorial government by
ioFee' anu 10 inaugurate what called the Topeka
government IN Its stead To accomplish this object an
extensive mihiary organization formed and its
SoiHahu entrusted to the violent revolutionary
'huer 'heSe rcum> tances, it lie my i'm
Peraufe duty 10 exert the whole constitutional power
OF tue TO prevent the flames civil war from
again raging In Kansas, which, in the eyced state of
the public mind, both North and sonia n;bt bavo nv
tended into the neighboring States
The hostile parties in Kansas had boor ;raame5
against each other by emssares from tho Worth erd
the South to degree of malgnity without nar,Ied in
our history To prevent actual collision and 70 s;st
the civil magistrates in enforcing the laws strono
detachment of the army stationed the Terrtor
ready to aid the marshal and his deputies when law,
I'm lly Id