The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1860-02-17
GOvernme Of the United
States.

ls6l.
James Buchanan, of Pennsylvania,
President, salary $4,000; John G. Breck-
inridge of Kentucky, Vice President, sala-
ry $4,000: I-4seis Cass, of Michigan, Sec
reary Of State, salary $4,000; Howelltobb
of Georgia. Secretary OF the Treasury, sal
airy, $4,000; John B. Floyd of Virginia,
Secretary of War, salary $4,000; Isaac
Toucey of Connecticut. Secretary of the
Navy, salary $1,000 Jacob Thompson Of
Mississippi, Secretary of the Interior, saIa
~ $4,000; Joseph Holt Of Kentucky,
| Postmaster General, salary $4,000; Jere
miah S. Black of Pennsylvania, Attorney
General, salary $4,000
THE CABINET-The Cabinet consists Of
seven members, viz: the Secretary "t
State, Secretary of the Treasury, Secreta,
ry of War; Secretary of the Navy, Secre
tary of the Interior, and the Attorney
General and Postmaster General, who are
| the srecial advisers of the President.
The Congress of the United States con
sists of Seuate and House Of Represent
atives, and must assemble at least once a
year, on the first Monday in December,
unless otherwise directed by law
The Senate is composed of two mem
bers from each State. They are chosen
bv the Legislatures of the several State
for the term of six yeari, one third being
elected biennialy The Vice President
of the United States is President of the
Senate, having the casting vote when the
votes Of the Senate are equally divided -
In ease of his absence or death, a President
pro tempore is chosen by the Senators
from their own body. The Senate at
present consists Of sixty six members.
The House Of Repre- sentatives is com
posed Of memb Rs from the several States,
elected by the people for the term Of two
years, and apportioned 10 the population
in the following manner:
After each decennial census the SeGrs
tary of the Interior is to add TO the whole
number of free persons-iDcluiing those
bound to service for tern of years, and
excluding the Indians not taxel-three
fifths Of all other persons This aggTe
gate is to be divided by 233, and the QUO
tent, rejecting fractions is to be The ralIp
of apportionment to tie several Sta:eS.-
The representative population Of each
State, ascerained in the same manner AM
divided bv the above mentioned ratio, viii
give quotient which is the apporjjan
mcnt for that State ANY loss by trac
tons is to be made up by assigning to rs
many States having the largest fractions,
as may be necessary - maze the wiloia
number Of representatives 233, one add
tional member each. And if, after the
apportionment, new States are admitted,
representatives are assigned to such States
on the above basis in addition TO the Inn
il ed number of 233, but such excess is to
continue only till the next apporjonment
under the succeeding census. Besides the
representatives from the States there is
delegate from each territory, who iias a
right to speak but not o vote. The com
pensaion of the members is So 600 Per
annun, and that Of the Speaker Sc eco,
and : S for every twenty miles travel in
going and returning. The House of Rep
re~entatives is composed at present Of 23I
members, besides seven additional from
the organized territories,
TIE SUPREME COURT --Clief Justice,
Roger B. Taney, Of Mary land, salary S.
500. Associate Justices, John MrLaue
Ohio; James II. Wayne, Virginia ;
Samuel Nelson, New York Robert 9
Grier. PENNSYLVANIA John A Campbell,
Alabama; Nathan Clifford, Maine; 80
Geo This court is held in Washington,
aud has bat one session annually, CON
mencing on the first Monday in December.
CIRCUIT Courts The United States
are divided into ten judicial circuits, in
each Of which Circuit Court is held ~
least twice year for each State willust
the circuit, By a Justice of the Sup:cme
Court. and the District Judge Of the Stat,
or district in which the court SIS.
Dl,rRICr CoURTs.--The Unit j States
are also divided into fifty one Districts,
in which the District Courts are held by
fortv-two district iudges. And in each OF
the territories there is also a Judge and
two associate judges, appointed by the EX-
ecutive of the United States
INTERCOURSE WITH FoREIGN -NATIoHs -
The paw of Envoys Extraordinary and Mn
listers plenipotentiarv, and so of Charges,
Secretaries of Legation, and Of Ministers
Resident, varies with the country to which
they are commissioned The United
States are represented 10y Ministers PIeri-
potentiarv at .he courts Of Great Britain,
France, Spain, Russia, Prussia, Mexico
Brazil, Chill, Peru, and China: and hy
Charges d'Attars ,r Ministers Resilient
at the courts of most Of the other foreign
powers which this country is connected
by commercial Intercourse. There were
also, in November, 1858, 206 cousuIs and
commercial agents from the United States
residing in foreign countries; and % min
listers and charges, and 497 coDsus and
commercial agents from foreign countries
in the United States
THE ARMY.-The authorized strength
Of the United States army is Is, ,165. off
GERS and men the actual strength. l.498
This force is divided into 10 regiments.
garisoning IS permanent forts, and 70
military posts in different parts of the
country. The whole territory of the Cui-
ted States is divided into six great DEPART