The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-10-04
TIE vENETIA QUESTION.
POSITION OF AUSTRIA.

lfrOm the LONDON Times, sept ~.
The history Of English liberty the breaking down Of
the excusveness the union Of the numbers and the
lberaizsng the opinions Of feudal arisocracy The
successful experiment In self government Dat the
world has worked out by carefully cschewing
any violent Innovations and by moulding listing iGstitu
,ons 10 The exgencies time From the House Of
Lords sprang The House Of Commons from the House
Commons present happiness and prosperity Polti
cal writer's have insisted very little on the fact which ex-
guarantee for freedom THIS result accommodated
itself 10 favorite theory. II bad nothing but truth 10
notice among scientnc thinkers We trust il is destined
be willingly accepted BY men who manage the
practical affairs Of The great european community.
The Empire Austria finds herself 81 this moment In
position OF very peculiar difficulty. The goodness or
badness Of ecverpmca should be cstmaed with refer
ence not abstract rules but 70 the opinions and feel
ings Of the governed The government Just
conciliates portion Of Austrian public opinion In
some respects too advanced IN others u 10 not ad-
enough. for It's SUBJECTS s earbarous and ruin
system OF finance It's prodigous expenditure, It's In
osus Us fraudulent issues, and the utter brcax
down OF m itaTy stem, which sent an army into the
field without suitable weapons, without competent gene
rails without hospitals, medicines, surgeons o. ccmmssa
rat have dsgusted and humilia,ed al classes 81 me
secuion Of the Proestas and the punder OF the Greek
church, please nobody but monks and Jesus. In these
respects the Austrian government ags mse-aby behind
tho age and The hatred and contempt Of ss sob
ects In other respects the Austrian government crrs In
contrary direction, and endeasors 10 give practical
direc, ec, views which however sound and states
manlike far beyond the comprehension Of its sub
jccts That unity which the people OF Italy endes
TO force their rulers the AUSTRIAN govern
eni Is epdeavorirg force the nalionaics which
form the empire But the people are not ripe for the ex
pertinent they no more capable than the subjects Of
u apprec ating the advantages OF fusion
u paonaIitics and Capitalization OF government They
cling their old customto their native anguagcs-to
sbs.rsr, sheore, snd thew are - be governed !, s
they usi be governed by those means was easy for
Casar Napoleon TO weld the Rsman empire France
Ito compsct whole, because their subjects had reached
th-s point Of civilization which rendered them capable OF
receiving such boon. The feat Of Napoleon mpos-
magne Austria is =, riye FOR unity and tho labor Of
ten years In endeavorns 70 promote IT, has been thrown
away
To deal with these serious questions the EMPEROR Of
Ausris has established BODY NOT illcslculated, -
" 20 counsel him wisely for the present, and
for the germ Of an so,ens legislative and financial coun
has already assumed IN Austrian politics 10 tho bcs, proof
that such body Was greatly needed. and that 10 poe
functions win which u is entrusted An far - the pub
hc Ia allowed 10 zee into the machinery Of Austrsn gov
eminent, the Recbsrsth Ia the mcst important body In
empire Reporters not admitted W ts dellbcra
tors, bot there h, nevertheless, no Etat difficulty
0eerhnips Snas pAs>.s 'ner.- Tug mo~s o,"p'eN
freedom Of speech seems 70 prevail, and a. IN these
days nberaiiy Ia restricted 70 no class we nDd counts
AMI bishops arguing questions Of civil AMI eocle.
a,,s A. ep.Irs absence Of psssrTe me n,eer,nss
and urfarness OF The Eccesiastcsi Minister Count leo
Tbun have been most bitterly rfecisi on oy bishops
and aymen. The Count was heard IN his defence, bot
that defence considered unsatsfactory and seems
10 be assumed matter q that the result will,
NOOnfr aver De ht ottuseAt Inc rmptFof w Cttn
piimerted the economy Of hs private expenditure,
ana something Ike veto claimed on the budget for
the coming year Direct taxation W greater extent
tnsn pTesent declared by the Recbsrsth impossible
Indirect taxation seems already % have reached fs
limits and nothing therefore, " eu hut reduction ~
the ann1al outlay, II bankruptcy 70 be avoided. We
d. SAY nnances the only serious difficulty
o. Austria, bot do cay that they are the only
difficulty that need he serious substitution OF the fe
defa Tor The centralized principle Of government, lust
equal treatment of all religious Denominations, and
reputation Of the detssed Cobcordsi with Rome would
Il promptly accomplished remove all other Of dis
content Austria has frantic democratic factions 70
deal vth. Her opponents are the conservatves-the
friends u Old practices and traditions the Advocates of
liberty, local and ecclesetcalmen with definite and
Moderate sns whom u n quite possible 70 satR.
fy But precious pear has bern allowed 70 elApse,
doubfs entertained of the favorable disposition ~ the
Emperor. ard u quite possible that these reforms, 90.
vusy necessary thcy for the preservation Of the
tuition The Ring Of Naples be riven when 10 too late.
surprising al this 70 be done, there stl remains the
question national bankruptcy 81 large reduction
~ expenditure; that Ia, IN other words. Of large reduc
tion OF The army How this " Be accomplished Clearly
BY removing these which render the n
large army necessary. We have ntimated Of those
white abiding 10 the discomfort In Hungary, DO
hsmia and the other Croun iands-a disoontent which
only removed by Federal institution and religious
equality sti greater cause Of expense % the poss =
sion ~ the province OF venea an the cntanglemcuU
con sequens upon H. The time has COM whom Austria
must elect between the abandonment Of veneta On the
enc hand. an bankruptcy and the consequent dissolution
OF the Empire the other II may be, and very hKeiy
would be, that Austria might triumph over Italy IN
arms for the conquest Of venetis, Just - she
uiumphed over ltAly 10 arms for the conquest Of