New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-09-29

twopence a quart IonteePers and osher mouse
holders were responsible for the soenety o. their
inmates. A bounty Of "fcur bushei OF ooro' was
allowed for killing wolf. Amoog other reguia-
tiop,. one was made in regard to the "great abuse
in taking tobacco in very uncivil manner openly
in the town streets, and as men psssed upon the
highways. ss also in the fields and IS men we're
at work in the W, DDS and fields, to the neglect Of
their labors and TO the great reprosch of the Gov
ernment." The proposal Of marriage to any mans
daughter or ma d servant, without the consent Of
her parents or master, was punished By fine or
corporal punishment or both sat the dscretionS Of
the bench, and according to the nature Of the
ofense." Idlers were to give an account Of their
means of livelihood, or to be disposed Of according
to the wisdom of the Government" Profane
swearers were fined one shilling, or set in the
stocks, or imprisoned, according to the nature
and quality of the person."
In Massachusetts, not only the support OF the
ministratioIs OF religion, but Personal Attendance
on public worship, was enforced by law Inc
church consisted of persons pledged BY mutuai
covenant to maintain Christian ordinances ana
worship. Each church was an iodepeodent oooy
competent within itself TO all the funcuonS poi,
tanning 10 ecclesiastical order. Ministers were ~
first provided for by voluntary contributions MADE
every Sunday; and this method was kept up 10
BOSTON for more than q century. church ohcer'
of whatever degree, was an officer Onls IN his own
CONGREGATION. According to the pr ntiee doctrine
of New England, no mao was clergyman ia any
sense either before bis election By apsrticular
church. OF after relinquishiDg the charge OF IL,
being, in fact, layman to all the world, except
BIZ own congregation. He was ordained not ny
other ministers, but by officers Of the church
which had ele tt him. or if it had officers, by
some of its private members.
Public worship was he'd in the meet'ng-house,
which WIS also used for transscting the towns
business, and other public purposes. In moot OF
the congregations, the assembly was summoned by
beat Of drum. At the religious service families
were divided, men and women sitting apart on
their respective sides of the hou'e while the boys
had separate places, with iithingman to keep
them in order. The ruling elders had seat imme-
dately below the pulpit The descons sat 90 a
pspe further down, also faciUg the congregation.
In the body of the house seats were assigned BY
committee according to toe social position OF the
occupants. A portion of the men were required
to come to the NEE ing" with arms 10 case of
an attack by the In iians. Marriage was regarded
as q mere civil contract, entered iuto before q
magistrate. The dead we're buried, without
PRAYER or religious observance, in an enclosure BY
the roadside.
The military force, in the early days of the colo
MES. consisted of infantry alone. All males FROM
sixteen to sixty years Of oge we're required 10 be
provided with arms, and certain quantity OF am
muDition. The private soldiers carried pixies,
muskets, and swords. With each musket there
was pair of pouches for powder and ball, aud a
stick, called rest for taking aim. For defensive
amor they wore corselrts, and coats quilted with
Gotten. No uniform dress was attempted. The
commissioned officers carried swords; partisans,
| otherwise called leading STAGES; and, if they saw
| fit pistols. The sergesnts bore halberds or spOn-
toons. Trainings we're begun and ended with
prayer. The drum was the only ausic.
At this period agriculture had IN sde considerable
progress. Indian corn proved an excellent subst-
tute for wheat, to which the soil and climate we're
not favorable. The use of fish for manure was
adopted from the natives, custom which still pre-
walls 10 the Old Colony, as The traveller Ii adver-
tited through two senses The native grasses, of
which the best were obtained from the salt
marshes were found insufficient for the sustenance
Of cattle, but in few seasobs the moving lands
were Covered with rich growth of the heritage Of
England. Barley, rye, oats, Pease, and most Of
the garden vegetables aud fruits of the mother
country were successfully cultivated. The squash,
the pumpkin, and the sceya-btan were native TO
the roll. The pear, the cherry, the plum, and the
ounce throve well in their new home The apple
tree was set out IN large orchards. aud soon pro-
duced fruit of superior size and favor to that
borne on English coil Swine and poultry multi
Piled in great abundance, richly repaying their
cheap supp les of food, while goats sheep, horses,
and neat cattle became numerous on the extensive
| pasture isnos.
Not much attention cOuld yet be given to
manufactures. Thread and yarn were spun and
| knit by the women at home. The weaving of wool
en- and cotton fabrics was introduced in the lit
town of Rowley by few families which had emil
grated from Yorkshire. This branch of industry
soon became remuDeratve, and was followed to a
considerable extent. Smelling Of iron was at
tempted, but, for the time, proved Improbable
Salt was manufactured by improved methods, ard
glass works were established at Salem. Bounties
were offered by the Legislature for the manu-.
facture of ssltpeter aid gunpowder. Ample
employment was given TO the brickmaker, the ma
SOD, the carpenter, the tanner and currier, the
shoemaker the sawyer, the smith and the miller.
Water mills were erected 10 Plymouth aud in Mas
sachusetts within three years after the arrival of