The Lansing state Republican. [volume] (Lansing, Mich.) 1855-1874, 1860-07-04

number of teachers, or tie amount paid for their
support. IT,
and the rich. the emnence Of the free States u
complete. Here the figures show difference
a wide a. that between freedom and slavery. |
Their number in the free States is 81, 4S3, with
n. gal teachers, and with 769, 90l pupils, sup
ported by an annual expense OF 70, eo,SoI.
Their number in the slave States il lS,SO1, witn
l9,sO7 teachers, and With SOL, S6l pupils, sup
ported BY an annual expense OF e2,1l9.oS4.
This difference may DO illustrated Dy oeta.ls;
Virginia, an old State, and more than third
larger than Ohio, has 81, 1888 pupils in her public
schools. while the latter State has asa, l5S. Ar
kansas. equal in age and size with Michigan, has
only s.4e3 pupils at her public schools. while
the latter State has 11O,455 South Carohna,
three times rs large as Massachusetts,, has III
s3s pupils at public schools, while the latter
State has 176,475. South Carolina spends tor
this purpose, annually, s200,600; Massaehu-
sets. 81 ,OO6, 795. Baltimore, with population
of l69, Oi2, on the northern verge OF slavery has
school buildings valued at Sl05, those OF
Boeton are valued at 1928 O2. Boston, with a
population smaller than that Of Baltimore, has
aO, public schools, with 353 teachers, and FL.
CTS pupils, supported at an annual expense OF
S237. 900; Baltimore has only 80 public schools,
with 1875 teachers, and SOIL pupils, supported
at an annual expense of s32,42S But even
these figures do not disclose the whole DINER.
ence: for there exists in the free States teachers
institutes, normal schools, lyceums, and puoiic
courses Of lectures, which are unknown IN the
region Of slavery. These advantages are enjoyed
also by the children Of colored persons; and here
is a comparison which shows the degradatlon Of
the slave States. Ii is their habit particularly
500 with
what cause. The number Of cOlOred persons IN
the free States il l96,Ol6, Of whom q, Oi3, or
more than ons-ninth, attend school, which 10
larger proportion than is supplied by the whites
OF the slave States. In Massachusetts, there are
9,OS4 colored persons, of whom ,439, or nearly
one.sixth. attend school, which is a much larger
proportion than is supplied by the whites Of
South Carolina.
Among educational establishments are public
libraries; and here, again, the free States have
their customary eminence, whether We consider
Libraries strictly called public, or libraries OF the
common school, Of the Sunday school, OF the
college, and of the church. Here the disclosures
are startling. The number Of libraries in the
free States Is l4,9ll, and the sum total OF vol
umes is 3,ssS,334; the number Of Libraries IN
the slave States is 695, and the sum total OF vol
umes is GAO, 577; showing an excess for freedom
of more than fourteen thousand libraries, and
more than three millions OF volumes. In the
free States the common school libraries are II :
SSl, and contain ,5S9, 1888 volumes; In the
slave States they are 1856, and contain 81, az!
volumes. In the free States the Sunday school
libraries are LIS, and contain 478, S58 volumes;
in the slave States they are 275, and contain
63.463 volumes. In the free States the college
Libraries are l32, and contain 66O,673 volumes
in the slave States they are ~, and contain Zls,'
24S volumes. In the free States the church Ii.
braries are 100, and contain 81, 1923 volumes; in
the slave States they are 81, and contain 1921
volumes In the free States the Libraries strictly
called public, and not included under the heads
already enumerated, are 1858, and contain
LOG. S97 volumes; those of the slave States are
1852, and contain 273, Sis volumes.
Turn these figures over, look at them in any
Ieht. and the conclusion will be irresistible fol
freedom. The college Libraries alone of the free
States are greater than all the libraries Of slavery
So, also, are the Libraries of Massachusetts, alone
greater than all the libraries Of slavery; and the
common school libraries alone of New York art
more than twice as large as all the libraries Of
slavery. Michigan has lO7, 9i3 volumes in hel
Libraries; Arkansas has 42O.
Among educational establishments, one OF
the most efficient is the Press; and here again
excel in the number of newspapers and period
icals published, whether daily semi-weekly
weekly, semi-mOnthly, monthly, or quarterly
and whatever their character, whether literary
neutral, political, religions, or scientific. The
whole aggregate circulation in the Free States
il 334 LAG, 2Sl in the Slave States 81 ,O3S, 693
In Free Michigan, 8, 247 1856; in Slave Arkan
sas, 377 900. In Free Ohio, 3O473,4O7; in
Slave Kentucky, 6,5S2,S3S In Slave South
Carolina, 7,l45,930; in Free Massachusetts,
CASIO, 564-a larger number than in the ten
Slave States, Maryland, Virginia, North Caro-
lima, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mis-
sissippi, Florida, Louisiana and Texas combined
This enormous disproportiOn in the aggregate
is also preserved in the details. In the Slave
States, political newspapers find more favor
than any others; but even Of these ttGV publish
only Al, 243,2O copies, while the Free States
publish us ,5s3,56s. Of neutral newspapers
the Slave States publish S,sl2,620; the Free
States, 29,2SO,652. Of literary journals, the
Slave States publish 372,672; the Free States
4,52l, 26O. OF these latter, the number of cop
les published in Massachusetts, alone is $685.
a6O-mOre than five times the number in the
whole land of Slavery. Thus, in contributions
to science, literature, religion, and even poll.
tics, as attested by the activity of the periodical
press, do the Slave States miserably fail, while
darkness gathers over them. Aud this seems Ia
be increasing with time. According to the cen.
sus Of 1910, the disproportion in this respect
between the two regions was only as two to one.
IL is now more than five TO one and Is still
going on.
The same dispropOrtion appears with regard
to persons connected with The press. In the
Free States, the number Of printers was ii s22,
of whom ,229 were in Massachusetts,; in the
Slave States there were 1896, of whom South
Carolina had only l4l. In the Free States, the
number Of publishers was SSl in the Slave
States, "a. OF these, Massachusetts, had SO, or
more than twice as many as all the Slave States,
while South Carolina had nOne In the Free
States, the osfhors were 70; in the Slave States
S-Of whom Massachusetts, had IL. and South
Carolina 2. These suggestive illustrations are
all derived from the last Official census. But if
We 60 to other sources, the contrast il still the
same. VI the authors mentioned in Duyckinks
Cyclopedia Of American Literature, 4O3 are Of
the Free States. and only 81 of the Slave States
Of the poets mentioned in Griswold's Poets and
Poetry Of America, LIS are of the Free States,
and only IL Of the Slave States. OF the poets.
whose place OF birth appears in Reeds Female
foets OF America, 73 are of the Free States.
and only III OF the Slave States. And il we
try authors BY weight or quality, it is the same
As when We try them by numbers. Out of the
Free States have come all whose works have
taken place In the permanent literature Of the
country-1ving, Prescott, Sparks, Bancroft
Emerson, Motley, Hildreth, aud Hawthorne
also, Bryant, Longfellow, Dana, Halleck, Whit
tier, and LOwell-and might sdd Indefinitely
to the list But what name from the Slave
States could find . place there?
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