Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-02-17

"A ri u ture.
MANAGEMENT OF MANUR

MANAGEMENT or mANUR i
At late meeting of the Cincinnati Horii-
cultural society the treatment of manufes was
discussed by practical men. We copy skt eh
of the remarks made t2"'
DR.. j. 4. Warder observed that to benefit
growing crops, electricity and heat were the
chief stimulants, and the mode of application
would depend very much upon tie kind sf
crops cultivated. Some crops would requ;'
immediate effects from the nanures, others
more gradual. For dry soils he would .
wise the fertilizing matters to be applied
green; clay soils, absorbing the ammei
and earbonic acid best in crude stat
because they would be ready for plar
as they were wanted. Rotten manures aro
chiefly humws--lauIed in piles to ferment Ns-
nures, when applied fresh, undergo slow decem-
position. AS to the concentrated manures
or so called-we do not think much of them
here. For potatoes, ne would recommend
fermcnted manure on land plowed in fall, acctl-
mulated in winter and applied in spring, also
same for corn. To compost manures, however,
he considered the most judicious method min
gle the soil from the woods, muck or sods with
the droppings of cattle, horses, hogs, etc.
Have sink or well to save the wastings, with
pump attached to bring the water back, to
sprinkle on land from barrel or cart. A
chain pump is simple machine for the pur-
pose. Spread over your pile, to arrest the ann
I monical gasses, suphate of iron copperas,
gypsum, etc Fall is the most convenient sea.
son for application. lR u
Mr.. r. Buchallau applies his manures at all
times in the wear, but he considered fall the
Al al.
I has near his barn or stable large basin about
six feet deep-4-his stiF clay subsoi holds tho
wuer--in it he throws all his stable matters
and ali trash collected everywhere is mixed
with earth, sods, etc. by spring it is rotted and
fit to spread. He finds this great treasure
to him. ard very much helps clay lands, espe-
ciaily fruit trees and grapes etc; to the grapes
applied the 81 cond or third year of their growth
the best time he corld not designate, the ma
pures at all seasons except mid summer. He
makes furrow on each side of his grape Yinea
in the middle of the row, or nearly, ON each,
side and then covers it over around apple,
trees he spreads the manure about five or six
yards according to the size of the tree say two
or three barrow loads-this is done in the fall
to spring work. .. ..rf-a.-f
Mr.. Mottcr confirmed what had been advan-
ced by the above speakers. For loose soils he
would apply compost manure, for clays, fresh
materials. He spreads manures sometimes on
the surface q large heap of manure without
other matters mixed, loses much of its Valua-s
bic properties. 1t is much better to apply al,
ternate layers of earth, soJs etc, say two
thirds clay and soil earth with the heap, let it.,
lie on level ground. He was most in favor Of
fresh or long mdrBre /; last year he obtained
excellent crops on poor land, on which was
spread green manure and plowed in. i.,-,
DIR. Mosher applied his manures at all sea-
sons. 1t never came amiss. He approved Of
surface manuring in the fall and blowing in
spring. He thought this better than turning
them in Immediately after spreading. His
land was clay-loam, and not SO tenacious as
some clay soils on this side Of the river. lid
Mr.. ID. Il. Picrson said he had been prepar-
ing his manures for the last two years. He
had found the fall the best time on loosely
lightened ap soil The winter rains filter down,
the fertilizing properties. He had composted
one hundred loads lately. He had six inch
pipe from his barn running to near the bottom
Of his manure bed. He mixed layers of sods
and manure alternately. Its capillary attrac-
ton draws the liquid up from the bottom
The sods become thoroughly decayed and the,
materials compressed and in fine condition
to be mixed Nature carries on continually q.
mauuring process. 1t maintains itself in many
instances. Animals are provided with tubes
for their food to be distributed for the,
blood, bones, muscles, etc, to sustain lile.---r
Trees and plants are furnished with ANAL
agous vehicles,--internal in animals.
The small rootlcts are 80 many mouths seeking
nourishment. They take up the food fortheA
branches and leaves, and it returns down un-
der the bark The leaves that fall furnish, a
renewal of food; this is always taking place,
Providence sets man good example by sur
face manuriDg The valleys are thus richer,
than the hill sides or slopes. Manures on the
surface in the fall on trenched and drained
land, create jets of frozen water thrown up
from below this forces the earth also up and
makes cavities. The liquid of the manures
goes through these openings. On the over
land, not trenched, these jets are much smaller
He would apply decayed manures in the spring
or at any time, but not green. 1890, r-tf
! Mr.. Adds stated that most farmers loose
much manure for want of proper places to
keep thcn. He approved of surface manu-,
ring on land previously plowed and drained
The ammonia thus enters the ground, nourish-
ing the rootIets. In his main drain he found
the water clear, showing that the earth abb
serbs ammonia, etc. He beds bis animals
with spent tan, cut straw, saw-dust, etc, to
take up the liqniis. He has trnughs from his
stable and other out buildings, leading to his
manure sinks. He considered that two hors-
es, two cows, etc, properly managed at home
with other matters collected, better plan
than hauling much manure from cities. He
advocates under drainage, and when large ba-
sins are made in stiff soils for trees, under
drain them If not mischief viii be likely to
ensue. He thinks liquid manures most valua-