Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1860-03-01

strikes down and effects to extinguish the
personality OF the laborer not only as a
member of the political body, but also as
parent, husband, child, neighbor or friend. He
thus becomes in 4 political view merely
property without moral capacity and without
domestic, moral or social relations, duties rights
and remedies, a chattel, an obiec. of bargain,
sale, gift, inheritlnce or theft. His earnings
are compensated and his wrongs abused, not to
himself but to his owner. The State protects
not the slave a. a man, but the capital of
another man which he represents. In contrast
Mr. 5. reviewed the condition of the free labor
and the free slaves. He said the State which
respects Slavery encourages ard animates the
labor by maintaining and developing his national
personality in all the rights and faculties of
manhood and with the privileges Ofcitizenship
He thought he might not inaccuTately call
Slave States capital States. In the opinion of
Mr.. S. the fathers of the Republic adjusted the
slavery question So that it might have given US
much less than our present disquiet had not
circumstances afterwards occurred which they
had not clearly fOreseen.
They conedmned the practice of Slavery and
hoped for its discOntinuance They expressed
this when they asserted this as a fundamental
principle in the Declaration Of Independence,
that all men are created equal, &c He thought
the Democrats recognized every human being
not as capital but as q person.
After giving a brief history of the settle
ment of the Louisiana territory, the speaker
referred TO the question of Congress Lgislating
for the Territories. The question of 1920 was
identicaly the question of 1860.
He alluded TO the conflict going on between
freedom and slavery. The Democratic party
was generally found to support a policy of
capital. He quoted instances.
Mr.. Van Buren launched prospective veto
against the anticipated measure of removing
slavery from the District of Columbia. A
Democratic Congress brought Texas into the
Union, sdpulating for its future reorganization
into four slave States.
Mr.. s. referred briefly TO the repeal of the
Missouri Compromise, and its effect upon the
territory of Kansas. Immediately after the
event the Wing party went down never to rise
again, aud the Republican party was organized.
He spoke of the efforts of Democrats to make
Kansas slave State and force it into the
Union as such, and denounced that party's OBJ
ject to mask itself behind the battery of the
Supreme Court. The same party was itself
responsible for the act to subvert the free Re-
public OF Nicaragua, aad to open it to slavery
and the African slave trade.
Mr.. Seward said the Republican party EN-
bodies the popular protest and reaction against
policy which has been fastened upon a nation
by surprise, and which its reason and con
science eOncuTring with the reason and con
science OF mankind condemn. He spoke of
the coming Presidential campaign, and the
Republicans holding to the principles Of pre-
venting the Territories by Constitutional
means from becoming homes for slavery and
polygamy. He said the policy of the Republi-
can party was to stand by the freedom of
speech and Of the Press. The speedy improve
ment of the public domain by homestead laws
will encourage the mineral manufacturers and
internal commerce with needful connections
between the Atlantic and Pacific States. He
alluded to the fact that why Southern men are
not willing to see the inauguration Of Res
publican President because it was a sectional
party, and passes on 10 prove that the Repub
lican party is not sectional OrganizatiOn.-
He asks, is it easier for US to bear your sway
than for you to hear ours, is 1t reasonable that
for once we should alternate! lie said the real
principles of the Republican party was na>
tional. He was no assailant of States. ALI
the States were part and parcel of his own
country. --.. ..-...,
Mr.. s. said it was well and wisely arranged
that the States were sovereign on the subject
of slavery within their own borders. He said
John Brown and his associates acted on ear
nest though fatally erroneous convictions. He
pronounced the act an act Of sedition and ttea-
son, and criminal in just the extent that it
affected the public peace, and was destTuetive
of hUm1n life
He did not think anything serious would
grow out of the repeated threats to dissolve the
Union.
SIR. Douglas said that the Senator from New
York charged that the Kansas Nebraska act,
repeating the Missouri Compromise was the
cause of the present agitation on slavery -
That act never would have been repealed but
for the refusal Of The free element TO abide by
it. The South agreed to extend that line to
the Pacific, but the free sOiers defeated the
proposition and that opened the controversy Of
1850. The compromise measures of that year
were carried over tho heads of the Senator
from New York and his associate, but in 1852
the Senator's party agreed to abide by the
measures of 1850. In 1854 the Kansas Ne
braska act was passed to carry out the PTinci:
pies of those measures. He was not willing to
sit still and hear himself charged with respOn:
sibility for the agitation which belonged to the
Senator and his associates. The present agi:
tation resulted from the resistance of that party
to the measures approved by the people IN two
Presidential elections, but the Senator from
New York went further and his doctrine was
that the Declaration Of Independence asserted
the equality Of the negro race and therefore all
laws in violation Of that idea were not to be
observed. For himself he thought the declaI:
alton of Independence only referred to the
white man.
If the Senate had correctly Interpreted that in
strument, the signers should have Immediately
emancipated their slaves, but they did not do So
He thought this government was made for white
men and for the benefit Of white men.
Mr.. Dooit,ls asked, Why not give tho Terrlto-
ries to white men thenp
Mr.. Douglas replied that he would throw them
open to white men, and negroes, too, but he want
ed white men to organize them. II they wanted
slavery let them have it. 1t was their business
and not his. Il was question Of political econ
omy and self interest. r.- Hsr
The Senator from New York coined new def.
milton Of labor States and capital States.
1t took him good many years to coin those
and bring them into use. Something had Oc
CURED up in New England to induce him
to bring out these terms and take
side vita a most numerous class of voters =
Strikes had occurred at the North among star
wing wOrkmen because the doctrine of the ire
pressible conflict had driven off the Southern
business. The Senator had sought to place
himself on the side of the shOemakers. Work
ing-men knew this very well, and they also
knew why so many Southern creditors were not
received as formerly.
Mr.. Clark said ho came from a manuiaetur'