The Potter journal. [volume] (Coudersport, Pa.) 1857-1872, 1860-07-12

4 ,252 .6l5 tons, and the Slave States $685.
5l7 tons, being difference Of five to one !;
and tie tonnage of Massachusetts, alone
being 970,727 tons, an amount larger
than that of all the Slave States The
tonnage built during this year by the
Free States was 52S, S,S44 tons; by the
Slave States, 81 ,959 tons. Maine alone
built 215,905 tons, or more than four
times the whole built in the Slave States.
The foreign commerce, as indicated by
the exports and imports in 1855, Of the
Free States was S404 1858 sos; of the
Slave States, S132, ,067, PIG. Theexports
of the Free States were $l67 500, SOB of
the Slave States, including the vaunted
cotton crop, s132 ,007 PIG. The imports
of the Free States were S236 SAT $40; of
the Slave States, 24,566,528. The for
eign commerce of New York alone was
more than twice as large as that of all the
Slave States: her imports were larger,
and her exports were larger also. Add
to this testimony of figures the testimony
of a Virginian, Mr. Loudon, in a letter
written just before the sitting Of a South
ern Commercial Convention. Thus he
complains and testifes
g There arc not half a dozen vessels engag-
ed in our own trade that are owned in Yir-
ginia; and | have been unable to find YES
sci at Liverpool loading for Virginia within
three years, during the height Of our busy
season"
Raiirouds and Canals are the avenues
of commerce and here again the Free
States excel OF railroads in operation
in 1854, there were 13,105 miles in the
Free States, and 4, PIP in the Slave States.
Of Canals there were 1862 miles in the
Free States, and JIG IN the Slave States.
The Post Office, which is not only the
agent of commerce, but of civilization,
Joins in the uniform testimony. Accord
ing to the tables for 1859, the postage
collected in the Free States was s., ,532, :
900, and the expense Of carrying the mails
S6,748, lS9, leaving a deficit Of 81 ,2l5,-
189. In the Slave States the amount
collected was only S1,98S,050, and the
expense of carrying the mails S6,016,6l2,
leaving the enormous deficit Of 81, ,028,-
568; the difference between the two de-
fcits being gS2,Sl3,372. The Slave States
did not ray one third of the expense of
transporting their mails and not single
Slave State paid for the transportation of
its mails not even hesmall State Of Del
aware. Massachusetts,, besides paying for
hers, had surplus larger than the whole
amount collected in South Carolina.
According to the census of 1850. the
the value of churches in the Free States
was S67,773,477; in the Slave States
$21,674,581.
Kolu&tary charity contributed in 1855,
for certain leading purposes of Christian
benevocnce, was, In the Free States,
1858, ,8l3 for the same purposes, in. the
Slave States, $l94,784. For the Bible
cause, the Free States contributed S319,-
667; the Slave States, $6S, ,l25. For
the missionary cause, the first contributed
S319, ,G67 and the second, 101 ,934. For
the Tract Society the first contributed
$I31, ,972 and the second, 4,725. The
amount contributed IN Massachusetts for
the support of missions was greater than
that contributed by all the Slave States,
and more than eight times that contribu-
ted by South Carolina.
Nor have the Free States been back.
ward in charity, when the Slave States
have been smitten. The records of Mass
achusctts show that as long ago as l7S1 +,
at the beginning Of the Government, there
was an extensive contribution throughout
the Commonwealth, under the particular
direction of that eminent patriot, Samuel
Adams, for the relief of Inhabitants of
South Carolina and Georgia. In 1855
we werc saddened by the prevalence of
yellow fever in Portsmouth, Virginia !;
and now, from a report of the relief COM
mittee of that place, we learn that tie
amount of charity contributed by the
Slave States, exclusive of Virginia, the
afflicted State, was So, 1872, and, includ-
ing Virginia, it was $33, 1893; while $42,
SIT were contributed by The Free States,
In all this array we see the fatal inAu-
ence Of slavery, but its Barbarism is yet
more conspicuous when we consider its
Educational Establishments, and the un-
happy results which naturally enspe from
their imperfect character.
OF colleges, in 1856, the Free States
had 81, and the Slave States so but the
comparative efficacy of the institutions
which assume this name may be measur-
ed by certain facts. The number of grad
yates in the free states was 47.752, in
the slave states, 1868; the number of
ministers educated in slave colleges was
747, in the free colleges 1902; and the
number of volumes in the libraries of
slave colleges 308.01l; ; in the libraries of
the Free colleges 667,227. If the mate
rails were at hand for a comparison be-
tween th@se colleges, in buildings, csbi-