New Orleans daily crescent., 1860-11-09
NUMBER 213.
From Central america.

| UUATEMALA.--Eh1s republic continues TRANQUIL.
lhe EngIlsn engineers who are now engaged in
| surveying the points through which the carriage
| road is to be opened between the city OF Gnate-
mala and the northern coast, LEFT that city on the
| lst inst, and are expected soon to complete the
| survey.
| Again have the expectations Of the cochfneaE
planters and of the exporters Of that article been
disappointed. The early promises Of a good and
an abundant crop were destroyed by heavy rains,
which beat down large quantities of ths insect from
the nopal plant, and produced the rot to great
extent in what was left. The consequence ii, that
| instead of an export of eighteen thousand bales,
as anticipated it will scarcely attain eleven thoas-
and. Present holders, however. are firm in their
prices and the best quality cannot be obtained for
less than Sll0 to sll5 per OF l50 lbs rang
ing downwards to s95; and granllo from s45 TO s65
per seroon.
Quite an excitement has been created among
those interested in this business in consequence OF
| the intelligence received by the last European
| mail that, by chemical process, beautiful pur-
| pie dye has been extracted from tar, and that it
| can be furnished to manufacturers and consumers
generally at much lower rates than those now paid
| for cochineal When you bear In mind that coehi-
neal is the principal article of export from this
| republic; that at the present time over ten mill
lions of dollars are invested in the plantations and
cultivation of the insect that it gives employment
to large number of people in word, that it is the
main source of the wealth and commercial pros-
perity of Guatemala, you can forId some idea of
the effects such intelligence has produced. From
a variety of causes and accidents to which the
insect is exposed in its primary stages, the crops
often suffer serious damage-so much so that the
average of good crop Il generally about one in
three or four years. This, therefore, leaves but
small profit to the grower, and should the price of
the article be reduced from its present standard by
the above discovery it will be seriously felt by ali
classes here Indeed it is already felt by the small
planters, as heretofore they have been enabled to
obtain advances on their crops; now no one will
advance funds on that security, at exorbitant
rates of interest," and there be doubt that as
n he a
small one, as none but the large planters and men
of solid means will be enabled to continue their
business.
Coffee, as an article of export is as vet but of
small Importance, but large plantations, alike on
the Atlantic and Pacific slopes, are being made
| and some five years hence have no doubt it will
be of almost as much importance cochineal is
at present. The quality produced in certain local
tiles is excellent, and SO far the quantity exported
has commanded a fair price, and compared favor
| ably with the produce Of other countries.
The party OF English engineers, under Captain
| WraY, who have been here for some time, took
their departure from this city on the LIST instant.
| Since their arrival in the country they have been
4 engaged in the survey OF the intended new macad-
amzed road from the port of Isabel, on the ATTAIN
| tic, to this city. They expect to complete their
| labors by the close Of next month. Enough, how
ever, is already known to enable me to state posi-
lively that their report will be highly favorable
and that the estimated expense is about half a mil
| lion of dollars The construction of the road by
| the way af Santo Tomas is found to be too long,
too mountainous, and too expensive, SO that the
| intention of opening that route has been aban-
doned although the harbor is q fine one. II will
be necessary in order to insure the success of the
present undertaking, to remove or deepen two of
the three bars that now obstruct navigation at the
mouth of the river Dulce, which connects the lake
of that name with the Atlantic, and upon the
shores Of which the port of Isabel is situateds
1t is estimated that this can be done without in
curing very heavy expense, and the bars after
wards kept clear at an annual cost Of about S5000
erNff tttart
construction of it, is but part OF great effort now
| being made to restore the decayed Central Ameri.
1 can trade of Belize, which has suffered severely by
| the establishment of the Pacific line of steamers
belonging to the Panama Railroad Company; and
| you may rest assured that the English Govern
| ment takes such an interest in bringing back the
trade to the capital of her new colony, the Pacific
| line will have most powerful opposition to con
| tend with. AT the same time this Government is
doing all in its power to improve the facilities OF
trade on the Pacific. The road from this city to
the port of San Jose is being greatly improved and
| these improvements will be continued until good
and servceable road is completed. The contract
for the construction of the wharf there has been
satisfactorily arranged, and we expect to see at an
| early day the materials arrive from Europe and
1 engineers to construct it,
Capt. Wray's party, on completing their labors
in this republic, will go to Belize, and thence pro.
coed to run the boundary line between Guatemala
and the new British colony, in conformity with the
| lately arranged treaty.
|
| some time between this Government and Nicara
qua slill continues, and an open rupture between
the two countries is anticipated. President Bar.
rios is said to be much exasperated by the publ.
cation in Nicaragua OF certain letters denuneiatory
| of himself, written by parties who were eXiled
| from Salvador; but tits not known what measures,
| if any, he intends to adopt to obtain redress.
The road leading from the coast to San Miguel,
in the interior, is almost impassable owing to the
heavy rains, and very little produce has been sent
| to the market in consequence.
l NlcARAGuA--On the I'd ult. the Government re.
| moved from Managua to Granada, partly through
fear of the flibusters and rumors Of revolt in the
country, but principally, it is believed, on account
| of Moras threat to invade Nicaragua arrange.
| ments having been made fer the removal OF the
| Government before the intelligence of the execu
ton of Mora by the Government of Costa Rca had
been received at Nicaragua. 1t is said that the
announcement of Morals intention to invade Mica
ragua gave great satisfaction to the anti-Govern.
| ment party.
| 1t is believed that it was decided between Mora
| and President Barrios, of Salvador, that in the
| event OF the success of the former in Costa Rica
their attention was to be directed to Nicaragua
and division of that State made Mora taking the
Lake and Transit, and the residue to revert to Sal
vador. But as usual " man proposes, and GOO
| disposes," Mora was shot, and the scheme thus
| defeated. That some understanding existed be
tween them there can be no doubt. for on the 10th
ult letter of President Barrios' addressed to Gen
Canas was published in Nicaragua, in which th,
| writer sympathzed with Morals cause. Much re
/ SEet WAS eA pfesseu Dy Inc people OF q
the death of Mora and Canas, particularly the lat
ter; but the Government, it is said received The
news with satisfaction, as Martinez had been threat
ened by Mora.
Hon. Alex Dimitry, United States Resident Min
ister, is in Granada; also, Major John p Heiss who
| was the bearer of the Lamar-Ieledon treaty from
Washington, after it had undergone certain modif
cations by the United States Senate. Mr.. Dimitry
is still urging the Government to enter into con
yention for the settlement of American caims but
his efforts thus far have been unsuccessful Presi
dent Martinez whose health has much improved
TO call Congress together on the 18th ef December
States. The time for the exchange of the ratica
fact induced the President to convene Congress
before the usual time OF its meeting--the Ist o
January.
Trade is improving. A regular coffee crop is ex
pected and planting is rapidly going on throughou
the country on the hacendas tits expected that
large crop of indigo will be raised in the depart
ment of Rvas. The production of India rubber
daily increasing, and it is thought that about 20
quntals will be produced monthly.
Granada is rapidly improving, and in all proba
character of the buildings in course of erection
said to be much superior to those destroyed b.
Walker. In fact, the whole State is impf0vin
nit TO a bad government rather than engage in
revolution to effect change.
COSTA R1eA.-Aflairs are apparently quiet in thi
country SINCE the tragical events Of last month";
great many arrests have been made, and a nnmbe
! pf nA haun lad in tha inta