Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1860-01-06

their Advancement m civilization has lar sur
passed iha, of any olher portion of the Ain.
can race. The lights and the blessings of
Christianity have been extended 90 them, and
bath their moral and physical condition has
been greatly improved.
Reopen the trade. aud u would be difficult
10 determine NhelheT the eiec, would be
mole dslrlerious H. the interests u the mas
ter ot on those ut the native bora slave. OF
the evils 10 the master. the one most to be
d,c,ded would be the introduction II Wild,
hsaihen aud ignorant batbatians among the
sober. otieTly ard quiet slaves. whose anccs.
tots have b-cn on the soil for ssyeral genera.
tions THIS might ieni To- harhariEe. de-
mof,liIr and eNasJerste the whole nas,. and
produce the mnsi ce?lorible consequence
The effect upon the existing slave would,
II possible. be still more depaablc. At
present he il treated with kindness ard hu
manitv lie 3. well led we'll clothed. and
MT o'erwofkrd. liz condition - incom.
parahly bsttN than that of the coolie. which
mojgfa nations oi high civilization have EN-.
p'oTcd a. substitute ior African slaves
Btu the philanthropy aud the sell.intsrssl
uf the master have combInel lo pfuducc this
humans result Hut lei ihi. iradc be te.
opened and Shst will be the effect The
sAmr. to a Considerable e,tcn,, "a. ~ q neigh.
boring island-ihr only spot now On earth
Sheie the Ahican slave tnde Is openly
tolerated aud this ~ defiance ot solemn
| treaties With power abunianilY able al any
moment To- enforce their execution. There
the master. intent upon tie pir-rn, ghin,
rNrntis ifum The slave A. much labor sss his
| physical p'stis are capable ol enduring
kuowin. thai. when death come. 90 his rr.
I let. his place eau BE- Supplied at price a..
\ iuccd To- the loscI point hy the competition
Id r'al African slave traders Should ihi.
ever be- the case In oui own country. which
! DO NO, deem possible. the ptc,cnt u.slul
character III the domestic Institution. wherein
ihos~ top oli aud ico young {. NpJk are pro-
,idei iuf uith cate aud humanity. and those
capable oi labor arc not ntsr-tasksd, would
undergo an onn-iuna,r change. Tie iscl.
| inr IT reciprocal dependence ani attachment,
which nov eGi.'s hct-sen master and slave
would be cun'cit-d into mutual dis,rust aud
hostility
Bu, Ne are obleci, a, Christian sui
mrt'l nation. 10 consider What would be the
ciFrc, on unhappy africa lssll if wr should
., open ihe sli,e.,nir Tn. would give
I the trade au impol-- ani extension Which II
/ has never had even % it. yaimicst diS-
/ the numerous victims required iu suprly 90
Would cou'ctt the whole slave cuis; into
perfect Pandrmunium. for which this country
wo"ll be- held responsible Ia the eyes both
ol God aud rpn It, petty tribe, would then
hr cunsnntly engaged In predatory wars
ae,iu-l each other iot the purlos~ Of ssiEing
slaves ~ supply the Amerlc,n matict. An
hup-. oi African civilization would thus hc
ended.
1 On the other haul. when a market ior
Aincan save, shall 30 longer be- furnished
In Culu. ,nd thu. sll the world b. closcd
/ ac,iu.t ihl. trade. We nav Then iudulse q
reasonable hope lor the gradual improvement
ui AiTc, The chief "a tive Il war among
the tribes will cease whenever there j. mo-
looR't any demand iur slaves. TIE rr.our
g 81 that fertile bot miserable cDu1tfy might
then b. developed by the h,nd ol industry
and atl,ri subjects lur legilmie foreign ard
domestic commsree. In this manner Chri-.
ianity and ci'llrui"n may gradually Ivne.
tralc ,hc EXISTING gloom
The wisdom of the course pursued by
this GSeiumeni towards China has been
Vindicairi by the event. Whilst "" sus-
plnei neutral position 10 The wst waged by
Gteai Brhin aud Fance against the Chinese
/ empire, out late Minister. in obedience lo
hl. instructions, iudlclou,ly co.upsmted With
lhr holsters It these PoSer, In all peaceful
measures 10 secure hy treaty the jh.l con-cs.
-ious demanded by the interests ~ iurrisu
commerce. The result i, thst satisfactory
\ ltcatic, have her0 concluded with Chins hy
The respective Ministers Of the l'ulird States.
Great Britain. fnnce and Russia Oar
uraiy, or general convention ~ peace,
amiIy sud clmmsrce. with that cmpire. vas
conrluiri at Ilentsin, "n the 18th OF Jane,
/ 1855 aud was ratified by the President. hy
snd with the advice ani cunsrut of the Sen.
ate. un the 2l', Of December following
/ "a the 18Th Of December. 1855, John T..
Ward, "a distinguished citizen ol Geltgh,
w,s dolly commissioned a. EnSoy E,uaur.
dinaty aud Nuister Plcnipo,sutiary ~ China.
/ tie lclt the United States iur he place OF his
destination on the 5,h oi February. 1859.
heauh, With him the ralihrd copy Of this
irrst, aud arrived at Shanghai on the 2sih
at MAY Fum thence be proceeded to Pekin
un the 9th ol Juue. bot did not arrive 81 that
city until the 9Th of July. According tu
the terms IT the treaty. the rhtitcitions were
To be exchanged on or before the ish ~
Junc. 1889 This vas rendered impossible
hy rrasan. and events beyond his control.
roI necessary to detail bot still It 1. due to
the Chinc.e authorities at Shanghai To late
that they always Assured him 90 advantage
should be taken ofthe DELAY. aud this pledge
ha. been faithfully redeemed.
| On the arrival of Mr Ward ut Pekin he
requested an audience II the Emperor to
present h- letter of c,edrnce. THIS be DID
nol obtain 10 consequence IT his very proper
refusal in submit to the humliaiibg rere
monies required by the etiquette of this
strange people 10 approaching their sose-
reign. Nevertheless. the interviews on this
question we're conducted IN the most friendly
spirit and with all due regard To his peron,l
feeling, and the honor Of his country When
a pies,niali,n to ILL., Maje,iy was found 10 be
! impossible. the letter OF cIedenee from the
/ President vas recei'ed With peculiar honOrs
\ hy kweillng. " The Emperur's Prime Minis
ter and the second msn IN the empire in the
/ Emper1r himself" The ratification. IT The
treaty were afterwards. on the 18th rf Au-
gust. exchanged IN proper form At Peitsing.
A. the exchange did nol take plare unlil
after Tho day prescribed bY the treaty, 1t is
drrmed pioper. before Us publication, again
| io submit IL 10 the Senate.
II i. but simple justice 10 the Chinese au-
/ ihorities 10 observe that, throughout the
hols Transaction. they appear to have acted
In good f,ilh and in friendly spiiit towards
the United States. II il true this has been
doue after their own peculiar fashion = hut
se ought TO regard with leniehl eye The
stcIent customs Of an empire dating back cor
u thousand years. - iat as this MAJ be con-
si.tsnt with our own national honor The
cunduel Of oOr Minister on the occasion has
| Zee aiXeh my enilie nnnInhafin