New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-02-06
THE STATE OF EUROPE.
From Our Own Correspondent.

LONDON, Friday, Jan. 20, 1860.
The course Of events in the present year is as
rapid, ard as startling, as it was in the lasS twelve
month. We had no dramatic allOcution on the
New-Year's Day at Paris; the performance, how
ever, did take place, though it was II ,nserred to
Turin and Rome. 1t IS no longer a secret-thOugh
the official papers of Sardinia aud France kept it
back and discredited the unofficial repOrts--that
Victor Emanuel expressed frankly and openly hts
conviction, that the cannon alone can solve
the Italian question. At Rome the scene was
still more exciting, the Pope charging the
author Of the anonymous pamphlet with
hypocrisy, well aware that he was attacking the
Emperor, ''the first born son of the Church, aud
giving him then his conditional blessing. This Is
certainly rare and important feature of history,
characterizing the effcteness of the Papacy, which
dares not resort to accommodation, but repress
feeby al impOtent rage, and DISCUSSES the anathema
under the form of blessing The next step is the
publication of the POpes words in the MonaeHT
bywhlch the Emperor shows how little ne fears the
Papal wrath. With this we have Nap0leOn's letter,
co0y advising his Holiness to give up at once his
claims upon the insurgent provinces, as the only
means of preserving the remainder of the States
of the Church. NaleWsk's dismissal crowns
these demonstrations in favor OF Italian
independence. In consequence Of the French
Ministerial change, Cavour returns to the Ministry
at Turin, the bugbear of q Central Italian Kingdom
at once disappears, and the hopes of the
friends of Italian unity revive again. The Pope
himself adds fuel to the fame by declaring his firm
resolution not IL give up one i0ta OF his rights, thus
placing himself openly on the side of the enemies of
France, and affordng pretoxt for the withdrawal
of French assistance. The Marches and Umbria
are already astir; they expect Garbaldi, on his
wedding trip at the head OF an army of volunteers,
at PesarO and AncOna. Indeed, this might be enough
or the first three weeks Of the year, but the maryes
of this short epoch are not yet exhausted.
Golden succeeds in negotiating u Treaty Of Com
meTce at Paris, which Is to remove the prohlbtOry
duties Oh wine in England, and on coal aud mon IN
France, the Emperor Of France declaring that the
duties on wool and cotton shall be abolished, and
protection (wehear Of % to 50 percent ad yaorem)
is to succeed prohibition The blow, far as this
bold measure has political bearing is aimed at the
Oreansts, all the great irOnmasters, cOal-mne own
ers, and large manufacturers belonging to this
party: and, accordingly, see at once the old Vol
tartan Yillemain rushing to the rescue of the Pope,
and trying to catch the priest party cut loose from
Imperialism in the nets OF Orleanism. The Emperors
commercial policy is, of course, received with
rapturOus applause by England, and Napoleon, but
lately dangerous secret enemy, is now again our
"own great ally" AS the invasion panic yanishes,
the Tories become more tractable, and Lord Derby
declares publicly, at Liverpool that the yexed Ques
ton of Parliamentary Reform ought to receive "A So
luton during the present session of the Parliament.
Thus England and Italy are hopeful and France,
III spite If the UltramOntane and Orleanlst agita-
ton. has no reluctance to be led blndfOld by the
mysterious designs OF the despot who has raised the
country TO position in which she virtually rules
Europe.
On the other hand, ireland, Naples, the Pope,
and Austria, are in despair. They sit down in the
ashes, and their grief is very great. Not only that
the man whom they had trusted now deserts them,
and puts himself at the head Of their enemies, but
they are sorely afflicted in many other ways. The
King of Naples is fearful of an outbreak in Sicily
and Apula well aware that his subjects wait
only for a signal from Turin or the Tuieres TO rise
against the son Of BOmba. Austria has no money
to pay her troops and the Pope does not
know whether the protection of the French
army at Rome is preferable to the insults heapea
upon him by N0poleon's scribes, the La GueII, , IN
ieres and AbOuts. Francis Joseph - ceIl5nt3 ~
the very worst position. The Venefians oponJ roar
his officials the Hungarian soldiers j' Tho no.
the Sardinian frontiers desert to Lomoaruyi varo,
bemans grunble the Ilungarlans aie ~ sho oo1;
Of revolution The Imperial decree - ~ -, ,o,,,od
zation of the Protestant churches III
three millions of Protestants 10 ,ho, -,
defiance meetings were held aiter ,po! VIZ piV-
Gcna",' ,tborif;es the Roman Cath0-
, ,ii' -, ond priesthood are equally patrl-
~ 'Pnooi ,o,s, men whom the Governors select
QUE , ~" Of confidence and whose advice they re-
o. onaat for framing reform of the municipalities de-
tat the only means for quoting the agitation
- 10 ,rn,n to the Constitution. Francis Joseph,
however. is stubborn, aud refuses TO make conces-
ems while on the other hand he is unable 10 graf
IN his hearts most burning desireto rush into war
as the champion OF the Pope-since he is desperately
POOR, and has neither cash nor credit. Tine win
Show what Will he the end of this strained position
which caupot last long, and must soon lead to a
criSis