The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-01-16

opinion Of Austra italy has given herself up revolt
onary deAs bat we have reached the eighth month OF
her fredom v ftbout the possibility Of deDyiog her
raoquity, the universal tsity OF ideas which
regps throughout the country Facts are more
Than worcs The Prime Minister OF Austria thinks tAat
~, restoration Of the bnshed dukes forms the principal
ou'y ~ The Congress hut, Ia humble opinon, tho
principal aim Of the Congress should bs secure far
ss ssice universal pesce sndranqnity combined with
ao'tt q The des of temporal pouer Of the opes
That IS qusstion for dipomatisis.
RIGHTS OF NEUrRALs on THE ooyAN
FROM 'ne ionoou Post govern meut orgaa) Dec IS
The ste var win Russia gave rise afer iong inter cal
TO much diplomatic discussion respecting the maritime
rights both Of The begerent Powers neutral States
Gfea, Britain then for the first her naval history
renowned the exercise Of privileges she had ever
before maintained well theory as 10 practice fhos,
rri she cairsd during tie ,oar and she finally ord
forndRg dbdndfred them at Us trntndt0n Tue famous
dec araon appended TO the Treaty OF Paris
new code OF mar thine law IL contained two Innovations
of the highest Importance to the interests Of commerce.
one Of which put end trust Cor to the barba
rous practice OF pyateering while the other secured In
time OF the complete invoabity Of the neutral dag
uness .ascmpoyed 10 cont ahand goods unless
was found attempting TO break blockade Since the
Paris decara alton made there has already been war
between three Of the Powers which parties To Il;
aud highly satisfactory to know that while hosies
lasted, the provisions OF the maritime CO fe
scrnpuousy observed by ali the belgsrents. Happily
indeed the contest in Italy Of short duration
ana may be argued thai it hal lasted longer aud
spread w1er different result might have followed But,
So lar as goes, our experience OF the working OF the
sieta Of maritime law has fully answered the ex
pec,aons OF It's authors and pro noers obtaining for
the commerce Of the world larger share OF freedom
ana secu'y tnan u ever enjoyed IN tune OF war before
win Ne oofne III m'nd py inc greater portion OF our
readers That the government of the United States
party TO the very important alterations ia question The
course taken oy tue Capnet OF washington In the mtfer
Was ,hueeo somewhat remarksole Al the outbreak or
the Russian war, in 1854, President Pierce distinctly
,usc" 70 loh III Tue aechrAnon maoe ~ Fran 70 anu
Ensano snpy anu soe'y on tne ground tna tue unted
Sses pUt consent 10 aoanhon the right oil prvaeer
lDe Twas aHRsed thas as America dn not, hxe tne
navy, she could not eiuqu sh this ancient mode OF
iase. IL was ior the same reason that she dechncd,
az inc hrmh'A'n OF tae var, 70 become
parry 10 'ne o.eiarauoh ISSUED py pie European
Powers at laris But Il VIII be remembered that shc
acc mfabcd ha' refusal oy proposal OF very extra.
ora may character she sai that although shs would
not, Ia the prcs.n state OF The question, renQush the
right q priv,teerne she wiling to aoanGou atose
iler The right OF elzng the good OF an enemy on the
high seas, even when laden board enemy's ship,
rovoed The maritime Powers Of Europe woald agree to
accedc TO the &c ms goa now oier; but you choose To
abosh the old rules OF ;paSme law altogether ara -
give 10 private property at sea the same privilege which
III time OF war has upon land, we are wiling to N ct
you upon this broad GROUND; you will negotiate
with us upon those terms must owing 10 the pc ar
position AMI circumstances OF our country, mIulu the
maritime law OF L lSops as l. at present stanos.
The proposal Of America, Is wei kuown, not
copied; believe, indeed 1t YVES seriously
ed by the representatives Of the European po who
seoed the treaty OF Paris Ia 1855. But appears to have
mai proposal from the uanse towns i'd eDtica In
its terms with ha; put forward by America in the
III question Whether the notion first derived from
the dispatches OF President Pierce aware; but
that the proposed code OF maritime law which has lately
emanateu fom Bremen identical in character with that
which from Washington iu 1856 is beyond dispute.
The Bremen merchants have in eject repeated the
posal of the diooma,ists-vz, that in all u-
all private property upon the high seas,
whether laden board Of neutral or of enemys ships
should not be liable to capture IL sought ia Short to