The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-07-07


untary aud bountfa expenditure for the support o.
religion. IT, under these circumstances the p.Sp'e
OF America springns from such stooS Ss, AM s.,sfac
tory and hopeful result; and especially u, WITHIN
the last sixty years or that the distinct s,,oga
bers wealth and national power all the social forces OF
the country have for good or evil been 10 hgncr arton
than ever before there been such marked degeneracy
tina, we are now q, 70 held up, not model to be
Initiated but example TO be Stunned not for the
pseed the e must be admitted to be strange phcno
mepon IL human affairs, dsgracefu, It Is true, in the
highest degree to US not rejecting credit on the race
anywhere for the adoption OF liberal principles OF
government II there is any feeling in England that can
the further reflection tina. Is the Of Englshmen who
have degenerated must chsten the sentiment II there
snass en or ny hsrs TINS
II cannot be the parent country 1t cannot be in that
House Of Commons where Burke uttered those golden
wordsMy hold Of the colonies in the close affection
which grows from common names, from kindred bio,d,
from similar privileges and equal protection" 1t oannot
be that House OF Peers where Chatham that
the colonies lighting the hattie not only Of Amer
can but Of English liberty exclaimed I" rejoice that
In Naples wherever else the face OF the earth ibe
raj principles are sconed at and constitutional freedom
known TO exist only her crushed and mangld form is
wtch and culver under THO dark pail Of arbitrary
power Before admitting the truth Of such suppositioa,
In itself so para toxcal IN its moral aspects SO ,urn
its nataral influence the progress Of liberal ideas
30 dscouasng, let Us for few moments look at facts
pRoGsYss vSrTEp So
The first object In the order of events after the dis
sed man As was not an ' easy s mighty =; OCEAN
separated the continent from the elder wor!da savage
wilderness covered most Of the country-its barbarous
and warkc nhabi ants resisted from the ,rst all coales
cence " it'll the new corners. To su odue this waste-to
pant corneids in the prmcva forestto transfer the
civilization Of Europe TO the world and To AXE safe
and sufficient arrangements, under political institutions,
for the growth OF free princpeswas tho great problem
70 be solved. II was no holiday pastme-no yainful
specula aon-no romantic adventure; but grim, p.rst
tent weary toll and danger That II has been upon the
whole performed with NO derfu success, who will denyS
VIII else in the history OF the world have
been brought about In so short timer And II desired,
az do not give this discussion the character ofrecrmi
nation ght not dividing the period which has elapsed
the commencement of the European settlements in
America into two portions, viz the one which preceded
and the one which has followed the Declaration indie
pendcnce-the former under the sway Of European GO
yerrm England, Holland, France, Spain; the latter
under the government Of the United States
might not claim for the latter, under all the dsadgan-
tagcs of new government aud limited resources, the
credit Of greatly superior energy and practical wisdom in
vice of the colonial system that the growth Of the Ameri
colonies greatly retarded for century in
quence Of their being involved In all the OF Europe
There never period since Columbus sailed from
Palos which the settlement of the country has
yanced with such rapdity as within the last sixty years
The commencement Of the Revolution found with
population not greatly exceeding two millions; the
sus Of 1900 little exceeded five Millions that OF the
present year will not probably fall short Of thirty
millions The two centuries and a half which preceded
the revolution witnessed the organization o thr coo
Mes which the period that has elapsed added
twenty States II has aicd me with amazement TO
find cities like Cincinnati and Louisville Detroit Chicago
and St Louis NO. TO mention those stu more remote on
spots which, within the memory Of man, frontier
military pststo find railroads electric teiee rnphs
traversng forests in whose gloomy shades late l7s9
the wild savage still burned his captves the stake
The Responding or the unfrendiy censor will remind
Of the bemshes Of this tumaituous civilization; out
breaks Of frontier violence in earlier and later times acts
of injustice TO the native tribes Though he policy OF the
toward them has the main been psterna and
conscientiousiy adminstered) the roughness Of
in infant sctemcnts-tbe collisions Of adventurous
not yet compacted into stable society-dee is Of wild
justice and wilder inustce-border license lynch law.
All these admit and lament; but community cannot
grow up from the log cabin with the wolf tn
door and the savage In the neghboring hicke into the
order and beauty communities which have been
ing for centuries. We must remember, too, that all
these bemhes OF infant settlement the inseparabc
accompaniment OF that stage OF progress and phase Of
society and c have their counterpart the other OF
the SCALE in the fostering nquitcs OF large cities the
gigantic frauds OF speculation and trade the wholesale
corruptions word Of older societies When reflect
that the day celebrate found feeble strip Of thirteen
colonies along the coast averaging at most little
than hundred and nifty thousand inhabitants each and
that this its eighty fourth return grown TO thirty
thr States scattered through the interior and pushed
to the Pacific averaging nearly million Of inhabitants
each well compacted representative republic securing
10 its citizens larger amount OF the substantial blessings
oldest ana most States Of Europe am lost 10
wonder; aud, as sufficient TO the charge OF
degcneracy, tempted to excaim "Look around you"
ARTS AND SCIENCES AMERICA.
But merely to I'll up the wilderness with population pro-
vided with the ordinary institutions and carrying the
customary pursuits Of civilized cthough surely
achevment-was BY DO means the whole Of the work
allotted 10 the United States, and thus far performed with
signal activity Intelligence sad success The founders OF
America and their descendants have accomplished more
and better things On the basis Of rapid geographical
tension and with the force Of teemng numbers they have
In the very infancy Of their political existence,
cessfy aimed at higher progress In generous ciyzl
ton The mechanical arts have been cultivated with
navigation, whethcr by sails OF steam. and the art Of
printing in all It's forms, have been pursued with sur.
prising skill Great Improvements have been made in
all these branches Of industry the machinery per-
tanning to them, which nave been eagerly adopted in
Europe. more adequate provision has been made for
popular education than In almost any other country.
believe that IN the cities OF Boston, New York and Phs
dehia more money in proportion to the population, is
raised by taxation for the support of common schools
than In any other cities In the W ,rd. There
Summaries in the United States, where a respectable
academ'cs education can be obtaned-ore, stil mean
IN prorc ton TO the opuationthan In any Other
try except Germany The nue arts have reached
a high degree OF excellence. 1hc taste for music IA
rapidly spreading In town and country and every year
witnesses productions from the pencil aud the chs,i Of
American scuptors and painters which would aorn auy
gallery the world Our astrononcrs mathematician,
ns,nrasts, chemist engineers, iursts pubcsts hstc
rias, Poets. noyelists and photographers have placed
themselves on level 18th those of the elder world. Tie
best dictionaries Of the English language johnson
arc those Published in America. our constitutions, wh,-
ther q the United States Of the separate States,
cludc all public provision for the maintenance Of regon
bat IN part ~ Chrstendom IA u generously sup
ported Sacred science h pursued diligently and the
pulpit commands as high degree OF respect in
the United States a. In those countries where the
church Is publicly endowed; while the American mis-
siouary operations have won the admiration OF the
civilized world. Nowhere, I an persuaded, are
there more liberal contributions 10 public spirited
and Charitable objects. In word, there Is branch
Of the mechanical Gue ars department OF science
exact or eppdno form Of polite htcfaturcao dcscrip
ton q social improvcmeutn which, due allowance he
ms mate for the caus aud resources command the
progress Of the United states has not been satisfactory
ant in s,me RESPECTS astonishing At this the
rivers aud seas of thr globe navgted with that
yelious Application oi steam propcng power which
was INT efted by FULTON the monster steamship which
i which the Grst successful experiment IN steam nav
gstlou made. The bsrycsts Of the civlized wOri
are ly
lead the Journalism Of Europe printed on American
presses there are railroads IN Europe constructed by
American engineers and travelled b. American
lsotpotl-es troops armed with American wea
ysns, nTi shige of built in American dock
ylSii. In Tho iartor,er af Europe usr Is machinery
&C aror~au luyySl IA o. nprovcncns lc- obserys
tcsss t,isrUpt- OF smwla coas,yy ! " r''par.-.
az Aq:~-Sclssfrl uSsD.<~ AIN El'l ia al~u~Ssso~
mt act' r.,,-f t,so oic+tio tcs7sr Af c0oc "
otcraiinS n IA atsy<ad t1lc-r i1hri .., .p,
American authors IN nhNss &c, - 49,, -. ~ =,
an the shelves oi tu~orrn Ehrs. . ~ ~
Ar.nrlcnn unnncr Nlrgll. Ante. Nlrcrnse ~, nnEFsi