Nebraska advertiser., 1860-08-09
The Rationale Of Chewing the CUd.
in Illuminating Animals.

2 az 80 =. y 40 81
/ Literally, there. can be no such thing as
"I0Ss Of c66 .''oo Ruminating animals are
never furnished with an appendage SO
ridiculous as Hcud, a." 10 be used, as gum,
in the mouth of a schoolboy, which if
lost, must be supplied, with an artificial
cud; as if the operations Of nature must
be suspended until this prepared artific-
Ial panacea is supplied, TO tortake the
placerof the "lost cud.'d bes5s.9 1s,.
BY a slight investigation of the anato-
my and habits of ruminating animals this
very common deluSion would be dispelled.
and the slight understanding of the "cud,
the causes of its "IUss,' aud the means
necessary to be used TO restore it, would
be more clearly understood. -lt.t...
BY ruminants, or ruminating animals,
we mean those having a complex stom-
ach with four cavities so disposed as TO
allow of ruminating, or the act of at
once laying in a larger stock Of food,
slightly chewed, and afterwards to return
1t iosthe mouth. and there more thorough
ly maslicate it, and fit it for digestion.
Digestion is always preceded by this ac-
lion in this order of Mammalia, they are
exclusively confined to a vegetable diet.
Now, if debility, loss of appetite, disease
of7lhe stomach and digestive organs, or
sickness. from any other cause, ensue,
this order of nature may, for the time,
be suspended, and the animal have no
need 10 perform the act Of ruihlnation.
The ordinary operations of healthy an
imala are mot called into requisitlon.---
Hence we, hear. of loss of cudsn4 The
only ''remedy" for this; t'..loss3 lies, in
restoring the animal 10 health, and if we
know what Is the disease, we can the
moro certainty apply the "telnedy.e1 But
all the ''made cuds" that ever entered in-
TO the maleria ,medica. OF, euackdem can
never compensate for the folly and igno-
rance of applying one. -
The stomach of ruminatinp animals is
specially organized for the performance
Of its peculiar functions. 1t consists Of
four distinct ,caYitiess all communicating
with q muscular canal at the termination
Of the esophagds. Coarsely inias,icaled
food passes from the beginning Of the
muscular eahalain the first cavity. called
the rumen or papnch. Water is received
into the second cavity, called the reticu-
lum. and almost exclusively occupies the
honey -c6nb cells of that cavity, and is
gradually mixed with the coarseiy divid-
ed'fobd which is undergoing mastieation
in the rumen.O When this IS sufficiently
advanced, a portion of the mass is raised
into a muscular canal, Is there moulded
into hall, and by spasmodic action Of
hs1nuscless Of the gullet is forced into
the mouth. where il is perfectly masti-
Gated at leisure. mixed with saliva, and
again swallowed. It now passes, direct
/ " into the third recess called the "psaI-
rpri1in! Here tie Sdperfidousi fluid is
absorbed, and the. lhoroUghiy3 subdieid6d
/ Eassl passes gradually into rihel fourth
+ recess. called the ttalhumasus,Y = where il
is, completely digested, aud from which
II passes Of INTO the lesser InleStineS.
/ terminating is "a most Interesting pro
cess of nature, and-it~is most pleasing
seadg 10 observe and note its 4iianifuid op
erabions, and 10 witness the supreme sat
isfaction Of a well, fed animal ~rurnpat,
lilg or Celebrating by This wondeFly
1 PROVISION Of ProvideheeIthe imasticaiur
Of fool by' degiatitioff, election 2 and fna
Swallowing g- otherwise ''chewing itht
-ssJ-5rg7s sd' r tcii bead e III .m5d