New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-09-28


ieEeye a word about tits talk Of dsuniou. But 90
believe that IL the elsctcn be thrown into Congress.
there will be bloody fight such we barely escaped
last Winter, through tie distinguished coolness and
courage the honorable gentleman from Pennsylvania,
who will now address you. lCheers. have q
single word more to cay of paragraph lately
saw in a Southern newspaper. L noti,ed the other
d that lie ding Southern editor ssys: "M,ke
New York people and the North generally believe that
the Union will he dissolved If Lincoln is elected, and
Il ey will defeat him. do not stop TO characterize
thst statement. The man who made 1t and the man
who btves IL are 10 be ptied. But why say anything
more about dsuDion7 Who il there that is not blind,
tia. does not know that, making a proper allow
snce fer tfe diminished ratio in the North,
en States, more than ninety men OF every hundred
lie the Union and for the Union. They are faithful 70
the Constitution as it was etabshed by the blood aud
suffering Of the nobest men that God made. Why,
then talk of disuniop An eloquent orator has sad,
well talk of splitting the Mississippi. Can you 90
that Nay, nay, my countrymen. Let us no longer
be children let US rise TO the nature of full men,
let us 90 our duty as fellow citizens of Thu noble ke'
public. Sir, believe the time is at hand when tins
talk Of dsunion will cease for at least four years.
The election of Abraham Lincoln would cause It -
inevitably. II would cease now If your political
men who are now craving these Sl0O,0OO OO0 would
cease living 10 Northern uep. Cheers Finally,
gentlemen, ADD fsllow.citizens everywhere. II the
Dewspspers shonld publish what say, say it to mer-
chspts everywhere, let us all vote for Lincoln.
tCheers. Let vste for him because he is honest,
and we want an honest man at the helm. Cheers
didate cur fidelity TO the Union. Cheers. Let us
vote for him to save the country from the fearful
sequences of throwing the election into the House
end when we have PLACED him in the highest position
on earth let us all hand together aud denouncs him and
bs party if be prove unfaithfu to hs sacred trust.
IApplsufe.1 Gentlemen, have the houor to inform
you that the Hon. Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania
will now address you.
The Hon. THADDEUs STEVENS of Pennsy lvania wac
received with loud applause and cheers. Throughout
his speech he excited his oratory frequent applause
and laughter. he said:
SPEECH OF THE HON. THADDEUs STEVENS
FELIow.C CITIZENS: We are in the midst of ar
other campaign in the of humanity; in the long
and persistent war between Liberty and Slavery bs-
tween Oppression and Freedom; war which has
exsted active or latent ever since the first tyrant
usurped the rights of Others and which will continue
to exist until the last despot shall be hurled from his
throne.
But beside the paramount question Of human rights,
there are other important ssues involved in this con-
test. The Hrst regards the existence of free nations
tie second the means whereby such nations are rem
dered prosperous and happy. For although liberty is
worth al other earthly treasures, yet that is not sll
that is desirable In civilized communea. Food, raj
mept education, the arts and sciences, all mecca
gary TO the comfort of man. But these things do not
lieept, and slothful people. Industry, employment,
constant research are necessary to their attain
One great object of is TO regulate the
structure Of society as to afford employment to all, so
az to enable them to procure their necessary comforts
This brings us to the question, how far it is the
duty of government to protect the industry of Its own
country against TIE injurious competition Of foreign
nations, for the question of Protective Tariff must
and will be settled at this election. Elect either Of the
candidates Of Free Trade, and American labor and
capital will find no governmental protection until long
and severe suferrgs shall have wrought revolution
in rublc opinip Elect the candidate of Profession,
and American labor will be cherished and guarded 30
coon ss the Democratic majority IN the Senate shall be
overcome; and that VIII coon follow Republican
Presidential victory.
This is not the nor the place to enter into any
Heightened examination of the relative merits of pro-
lection and free-Isde. II requires only brief refer.
ence to the light of experience that great teacher OF
individuals and of nations to prove the superiority OF
the former
Protection of domestic interests against foreign COM
petition has been the policy aud uniform practice OF
every nation since became eivizs I'd and separated
into rival communities. History nowhere points 10
any nation that ever adopted free.trade. Within the
last century certain dreameTs OF dreams IN England
and France have promulgated that doctrine. But net
Their England nor France has by a single enactment,
adopted their principles The nearest approach TO
which has yet been made is to be found in our tariff OF
1916, which abandoned the protective doctrine by
ADOPTING q Uniform universal ad-valorem duty an alb
surd system, which, when foreign goods are low,
reduces the duty Just in proportion as proecon s re-
CURED and when the foreign article rises and no pro-
lection s needed raises the rate OF duty precisely IN
PROPORTION as the necessity for protection Is diminished
1t is matter of history that this absurd law framed
under Brtsh councils, and carried through Congress
by British gold. -
Let Us for moment inquire what would be the effect
of free-trade on the relative interests OF nations.
If that should happen, which has never yet been,
and which in my Judgment never will be-if all ma
tons should become perfectly equal in wealth. IN me.
chanca and manufacturing skill IN the facilities OF
TRANSPORTATION and in commercial and navigating adj
yantsges might be inst and equal for every nation
to abolish it's duties shut up lite Cussom- Houses, and
raise the expenses Of Government by direct internal
taxation. That alone lie free trade
But as the world is it Is very clear that such
system would leave every nation for ages to co me, IN
manufacturing and commercial advantages, just where
it found them. >,
How would this system which would give to old
established manufacturing and commercial nations
monopoly Of those branches, affect younger and iess
skilful nations IL s evident that would Keep them
perpetualy in the condition of producing nations,
whose raw material must be transported to foreign
factories and wrought into fabrics by foreign hands
and then returned increased tenfod in price, and sod
10 the came people that furnished the raw materials.
The surplus labor Of the producing nation would re-
main UNEMPLOYED as ours now 10, their work having
been done in foreign workshops. The poor man,
whose labor is his capital is thus deprived Of earning
an honest living for himself and family
Reason teaches what the history Of the world cor
roboates that producing countries are always poor,
while manufacturing and commercial nations grow
rich The producer always pays the freight OF his Ar
tcs market II that market Is near az hand he saves
freight If at great distance the cost of transportation
takes of all his profits Without manufacturing estsb'
lishments at home, market is Thousand s Of miles
away in Europe The cOst of caniage keeps our farm
eIs poor unless i'll very favorable localities Inc MS
tory of our own country illustrates all ths Whenever
we have had protective tariff as in 1923 and 1872,