The Union and journal. [volume] (Biddeford, Me.) 1858-1882, 1860-01-13
[EDlroR AND PRoPRrEroR.
NUMBER 8.

tuns Of sail vessels.
Tho total tunnsgs on oil the New York
Canais In 1885, was i.3i0,so7 tuns, value1
at S67.6i3,3i3, and yielding toll OF $l,6ls:
3s2. In 1851 II was 3,6S2.7S3 tuns. valued
$f59.9si, and leaving toll Of $s.a2o,727.
This policy also embraced the plan Tor .
continuous line eastward through the central
vortion Of the State to the boundary line OF
New brunswick thence connecting with
line to be continued through this Province
and Nova Scotia to Halifax, afording an ~.
enue through the State for transatlantic
travel, and bringing II at once Into intimate
commercial relations with the British North
American Provinces. This line is already
extended to Bangor, distanee Of one hun.
dred and twenty miles. That portion beyond
Bangor to the boundary line Of the state
was, by order Of the Legislature Of 1850, ex.
plored, and q preliminary survey thereof
made, In which tho distance 10 shown 70 Do
ninety.six miles, route Of easy grades and
OF comparatively cheap construction, for the
making Of which charter wss granted the
same year. The line. continuings pssses
through New Brunswick. distances Of two
hundred miles, By tho city OF b. John.
and one hundred and twenty.four miles In
Nova Scotia, making total length from Ban.
gor Of four hundred and twenty miles. That
portion lying In the latter Province. 10 report
ed to be in favorable progress OF compilation
towards the New Brunswick frontier. From
the city of 81. John to the boundary OF No.
va Scolis, one hundred miles OF railway u
nearly constructed and som to be opened for
travel, to tho construction of which the Prov.
ince has largely contributed. These works
are supposed to secure tho immediate com.
pletion of the enterprise from Halifax to tho
city Of st. John. leaving the portion between
that city and the boundary line Of this State.
distance Of seventy. three miles, and also
that portion between the line and Bangor,
Of ninety-sx miles, In all ono hundred and
sixty.nine miles, TO be provided for. In order
to make permanent connection through this
State, between the United States and Canada
and the Lower Provinces, afording contin.
uous line of railway from the city OF New
York to Halifax, a distance Of nearly nino
hundred miles. It 10 believed that the au.
thorites and people Of these Provinces are
desirous Of providing TO fll up the space
westward to the line Of New brunswick. and
deem IL subject worthy Of the attention
of the Legislature and people Of this State,
whether they will not cooperate In efforts TO
bring this great enterprise to q speedy con.
summation. As q work Of National, as well
Us State interest, II should enlist the public
regard. To the Nation II will furnish great
avenue Of travel between Europe and Amer
lea, while II connects the State with the Brit
ish Provinces in intimate commercial and
friendly relations. Its importance to tbe
State will appear by glance at the position
and population. products and trade OF those
countries with whichn connectsit. The two
Canadas have On area Of 100000 square
miles. with population Of over 100000
New Brunswick q ZOO square miles, with .
population of 225.000. Nova Scotia 1915
square miles, with poaulation Of 100000,
Prince Edwards Island 10 2, l34 square miles,
with population Of 62,39s, and Newfound.
land. Of $1,000 square miles, with popula-
ton Of 10000; total area Of 663,4t6 square
miles, and the aggregate population OF
100000. .
Tho total exports Of Crnada alone in 1881,
were $l3,282.378. The-exports from tho
United States to Canada in the same year, Of
cotton and woolen manufactures, hardware,
leather and its manufactures, &C., wero g..
936,236 while our imports in four. wheat,
wool, horses and cattle, &C., were $3,3l2, $50.
That the ultimate accomplishment of this
enterprise is only q question Of time, will not
be doubted by any ono who gives the slight-
est attention to the elements of power and
progress that are gathering on this continent,
to the position Of the countries II Is designed
to connect, and to the ordinary principles Of
commercial economy. The people OF this
State, it would seem, should begin now to
anticipate the effort necessary 10 DO put forth
ere long to secure such q result and give the
public assurance that they will earnestly oo-
operate with those who desire to accomplish
the same end.
Under the direction Of tho aboard of In
ternal Improvement" q geological survey Of
the State was commenced BY DR.. jackson In
the year 1886, the State having appropris.
ted for that purpose $4,000. Other yearly
appropriations followed, In all $4,000, and
the work was prosecuted until 1899. when
the State becoming involved In the difficult
ties on the Northern frontier. tho work was
and appropriations failing. was
suspended. The cost Of completing the
work, according to the original plan. 10 esti.
mated at $4,000, and although this plan 70
not as thorough a. could DO desired it b
probably a. extended as 10 practicable. con.
siderina the unsettled condition Of . large
portion of our territory and the difficulties Of
minute survey In the wilder.
ness regions. The reports OF DR.. Jackson
and Of DR.. Holmes were published, snd did
not fail to excite lively interest % to the
agricultural and mineral resources Of the
State, and have had q most beneficial effect
upon the enterprise Of our people In inducing
the investment Of capital In new fields Of 10.
Dor. deem the completion OF this survey
demanded by every consideration OF sound
policy. To continue longer ignorant OF our
probable geological resources would imply Q
want of enterprise which would auger Ill for
the future progress Of the State. The exam.
ination already made has disclosed facts,
showing that our territory 10 rich In mineral
wealth, indicating the existence OF abundant
ores Of tin, copper. and lead. This, together
with the known geological resources Of con-
,iruous territory, renders Il altogether proba-
bic that coal will be found in the Aroossook
region.
Such survey moreover would tend strongly
to stimulate the progress OF settlements now
prosperously advancing in the eastern pofuon
Of the State. I recommend. therefore. that
the Legislature authorize the complexion o.
this survey, and for that purpose maks tho
necessary appropriation. ,,.. s,.,.
Anon, the important interest. OF ths o.a's
A.. our public lands. not inconsidersbie 20
san,cc of revenue, but OF greater value fof
.o,,lement. The aggregate revenue sccruing
,s.r.f,om 70 the State. In the ten years end.
;ns with the year 1857. 10 $s93,77s. sfter die.
burning various appropriations for roads
and bridges. The receipts for tho last
wear. owing to change In the Law In 1857. and
Inc Legislation Of 1889. are lees than $4,000.
rho number Of acres sold the past year TO 90.
lusl settlers is $4,000. at ffty cents per acre
% be paid In labor on the roads, In the .sg.
,regaie s22,s5o. which, although 10 bring
10 money into the treasury. viii rslisvs it, 70
ZONE extent ut least, from the dram OF annsa