The Potter journal. [volume] (Coudersport, Pa.) 1857-1872, 1860-07-12

~ professional schools, with lZZ profes- |
sors, 1907 students, and 30,796 volumes
in their libraries. The whole number
educated at these institutions in the free
states was 23,5l3, in the slave states 81
S12. OF these, the largest number in
the slave states study law, next medicine,
and lastly theology. According TO the
census, there are only 80S in the slave
theological schools, and TAI studying for
the ministry in the slave colleges /; and
this is all the record we have of the edu
cation Of the slave clergy.
OF academies anil prioate schools, in
1850, the free states, notwithstanding
their multitudinous public schools, had
3,197, with 7,175 teachers, l54, 1913 pu-
pills, and un annual income of 81 ,437 ,3T2;
the slave states had 2,19I academies and
private schools, with 1913 teachers, l04,
976 pupils, and ap annual income IF 81,
079,7 ,724. In the absence ofpubhc schools,
to a large extent, where slavery exists,
the dependence must be chiefly upon pri.
vate schools and yet even in these the
slave states fall below the free states,
whether we consider the number of pupils,
the number of teachers, or the amount
paid for their support.
In public schools, open to all, alike the
poor and the rich, the eminence of the
Free States is complete. Here the fig
uros show a difference as wide as that
between Freedom and Slavery. Tneir
number in the Free States is 62 ,433, with
72,621 teachers, and with 2,TG9, ,90l pu-
pills supported by an annual expense of
S6,787,3 ,337. Their number in the Slave
States is 18,507, with l9,307 teachers,
and with 58I,86l pupils, supported by
an annual expense of S2,719.534. This
difference may be illustrated by details.
Virginia, an old State, and more than
third larger than Ohio, has 67 1858 pupils
in ner public schools, while TIE latter
State has 4S4,153. Arkansas, equal in
age and size with Michigan, has only
S,493 pupils at her public schools, while
the latter has 1i0,455. South Carolina,
three times as large as Massachusetts,
has II ,84S pupils at public schools, while
the latter State has -l16,475. South
Carolina spends for this purpose, annual
$500, 900; Massachusetts, 81 ,006, 795.
Baltimore, with population of lG9,Ol2,
on tae northern verge of Slavery, has
school buildings valued at Sl05, ,729 !;
those of Boston are valded at SIPS, ,502.
Boston with a population smaller than
that of Baltimore, has 203 public schools,
with 353 teachers, and 21,67S pupils,
supported at an annual expense of S237 :
GOO; Baltimore has only 81 public
schools, with 1873 teachers, and SOIL
pupils supported at an ANIMAL expense of
So, ,423 But even these figures do not
disclose the whole difference; for there
exist in the Free States. teachers insti-
tutes, normal shools, lyceums, and public
courses of lectures, which arc unknown
in the region Of Slavery These advan-
tages are enjoyed also by the children of
colored persons; and here is comparl
son which shows the degradation of the
Slave States 1t is their habit paTticu-
larly to deride free colored persons. See,
now, with what cause. The number Cf
colored persons in the Free States is
1856, ,016, of whom 22,043 or more than
one-ninth, atterd school, which is iarg
er proportion than is supplied by the
whites of the Slave States. In Massa
chusetts there are 9, 64 colored persons.
of whom | l,439, or nearly one-sixth, at
tend school, which is a much larger pro-
portion than is supplied by the whites of
South Carolina
Among educational establishments are
public libraries aud here, again, the
Free States have their. customary em:-
nence, whether we consider libraries
strictly called public, or libraries of the
common school, of the Sunday school, of
the college, and of the church. Here the
disclosures are startling. The number
of libraries in the Free States is 14,9l1,
and the sum total of volumes is $685.
234 the number of libraries in the Slave
States is Cos, and the sum total volumes
is 649, ,577 /; showing an excess for Free
dom of moie than fourteen thousand IL
braries, and more than three millions of
volumes. La The Free States the COM
mon school libraries are II ,88l, and con-
tain 1,589,663 volumes in the Slave
States they are 1876, and contain 57,72T
volumes. In the Free States the Sunday
school libraries are LIB. and eoutain
47S,S5S volumes in the Slave States
they are 275, and contain 63,463 vol
umes In The Free States the college III
braries are 1872, and contain eco ,553 vol
umes in The Slave States they are 70, /
and contain 2i9,248 volumes. In the
Free States the church libraries are 100,
and contain 81, ,723 volumes +; in the Slave
States they are 2l, and coutain 5,627 /
volumes. In the Free States the libra
ries strictly called public, and not iuclu-