The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-06-22


The opening Of the many-millioned East to
commerce ard free intercourse with Chris
tendon is a question that now occupies the
attention Of the leading Powers Of Europe and
America, and the contrast of policy pursued by
the several governments involves one of the
most curious and instructive problems of the
age.
The White Gar, as the Emperor Of Russia is
called in the far East, has extended his sway
over the wandering Mongols of Northern Asia,
from the Caspian sea to the mouth of the
Amoor river, and both China and Japan look
with feeling Of apprehension upon his ad-
vancing power. In the East, as in the West, the
tide of conquest has flowed from the North over
the South, and it is not little curious to OBJ
serve that two of the great currents of human
migration, which have flowed from the steppes
of Northern Asia in opposite directions, are
now meeting on the shores of China in hostile
array. The Teutonic branch, after traversing
the north of Europe, pursued the paths of its
development upon the sea, and their ships
to-day having rounded the Cape of Good Hope,
crowd the waters of China and Japan. The
other branch, the Sclaves, following the foot
steps of their Tartar-Mongol predecessors, ar
rive at the same point by the century-trod land
route, and, though feared and hated by the
ruling races in China, are yet looked upon by
these as having the kin of common origin
with themselves, and alike antagonistic to the
Corners in ships. 1t is the confident belief of
the Cabinets of Western Europe that Russia has
sedulously cultivated this idea in Eastern ASIA
aud this supposition forms to-day one Of the
complications of the web of European politics.
While these events have been progressing.
another branch of the Teutonic race. pursuing its
western march, made its home in North Ameri-
ca. There it has spread from sea to sea, and
like its European brethren, has pursued its path
of deyelopement upon the ocean. 1t has cir
cumnavigated the world. aud to-day its repre-
sentatives stand, with those OF Russia. England
and France, before the gates Of China. The
history of events there for the past twenty
years is known to our readers The opium war
of England, the subsequent occupation of the
five ports by the same Power our Japan expe-
the Russians upon the Amoor, the landing of
the French in Cochin China, the capture of Can
ton by the Allies, the treaties with the United
States entered into by China and Japan, the
attack on the PeihO forts the reception of our
Ambassadors at Pekin and Jeddo and the de-
parture and arrival here Of the first foreign
Japan Embassy, are the prominent events that
mark the contrast OF policy pursued by the
several governments. aud which point indica-
lively to the future results to all.
events inform us that the Chinese government
has positively rejected the demands Of France
and England, and the course Of the latter
government in asking large appropriation
from Parliament for the Chinese war, leaves no
doubt as to the policy those Powers mean to
pursue. Force is to be resorted to for the pur-
pose of breaking down the exclusive policy Of
China, and opening her crowded ports and
rivers to the commerce of the world. We Can
have little doubt as to the immediate result oil
over the Chinese, IN pnyasitY Of the European
science, art and arms, gives hin, an t.. 1
between European and Asiatic forces is fore.
gone thing. 1t is prevailing idea in England
that Russian Officers are employed In drilling
the masses of troops In China, and marshalling
their resources for the struggle; but we do not
find that this supposition rests on any tangible
basis. II may be merely political maneuvre,
on the part Of English statesmen, to influence
the granting of large subsidies by Parliament,
or to prepare the people for any possible re-
verse.
OF the real policy pursued by Russia we
know nothing Her intercourse with the scene
of events is entirely distinct from that of the
other nations, and we learn little Of her move.
ments until their results begin to be perceived.
Our own policy stands in strong contrast
with that Of the Powers Of Western Europe
We have made treaties of amity and commerce
with both China and Japan, which have been
ratified by the respective governments, and our
diplomatic representatives in Asia have come
10 hold the position Of friendly relations with
all the parties. An event of even greater sig
nihcance is found in the presence here Of The
first foreign embassy that has ever left Japan
and the friendly relations which this intercourse
has established and is developing. Politicalre-
lations have been the subject of personal confe.
renee with our government, the important ques-
ton of currency has been practically examined
by the Embassy at our Mint, commercial rela-
tious are to be discussed by them with our New
York Chamber Of Commerce, and our busy
hives Of industry are everywhere thrown open
to and being attentiveH examined by them.
When this Embassy returns to japan, rs II will
soon do, II will 60 laden With strange and curl.
Gus information regarding Western civilization;
and should they not be compelled to disem-
bowel themselves on landing on their own
shores, by the triumph Of reactionary policy
in their own government, the lore they carry