Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-03-16
DELAWARE, OHIO, MARCH 1e, 1860.

complained of Courts and Legislatures IN th
labor States for interpreting the constitutions
provision for the surrender of fugitiyes from
service so as to treat them as persons not a
property, and they Disseminated against col
ored persons of the labor States wheE the
come to the capital States. They denied, il
Congress, the right of petition, and embarras
sed or denied freedom of debate on the subjec
of slavery. Presses, which undertook the de
fense of the labor system in the capital States
were suppressed with violence, and even in th'
labor States, public assemblies convened II
consider slavery questions, were dispersed by
mobs sylnpathizing with the capital States.
The Wing party, being generally an onposi
ton party, practiced some forbearance tfgarG
the interest of labor. The Democratic g-s.rty
not without demonstrations of dissers,. wa
generally found sustaining the policy of capi
tai. A disposition toward the removal # sla-
very from the presence OF the national capital
appeared in the District of Columbia Mr.
Van Buren, Democratic President, Launched
a prospective veto against the measuse. A
Democratic Congress brought Texas into tn,
Union, stipuiating practically for its future re
organization into four slave states. MeXi
CO was incensed. War ensued The labor
States asked that the Mexican law of liberty
which covered the Territories brought in by
the treaty of peace, might remain andsbe con
firmed. The Democratic party refused, The
Missouri debate of 1920 REQUIRED now under
circumstances of heat and excitement, in reIa
ton to these conquests. The defenders of la
Dor took alarm lest the number of new capita
1aa ti1o4
class of States to dictate the whole policy oi
the Government, aud, in case of constitutional
resistance. then to form new slave-koldine
conederacv around the Gulf OF Mexico
BY this time the capital States seemed tc
have become fixed in a determination that the
| Federal Government, and even the labor States
should recognize their slaves, though outside O
the slave States aud within the Territories ol
the United States. as property OF which the
master could not be, In any way or by any au
! thority, dlvtsted and the labor States. having
become now more essentially Democratic thar
/ ever before, by the great development of fiee
labor, more firmly than ever insisted on tht
/ constitutional doctrine that slaves voluntarily
carried by their masters into the common Ter
ritories, or inte-laheE States, are persons
I men. -
Under the auspicious influences of Wing
success, California aud New Mexico appeared
| before Congress as labor States. The capital
States refussd to consent to their admission
into the Union and again threats of diSunoI
carried terror and CONSERVATION throughout
! the land. Another compromise was made
! Specific enactneuts admitted California as q
! labor State aud reHiandud New Mexico ant
| Utah TO remain Is Territories, with the right
| to choose freedom or slavery when rpened III
/ TO Staes, wEle they gave lew relnesiics for
| the reception Of fugilivcs from sertec, ard
abolished the open Save market in the District
! Of Columbia. These new cnactnlents, coilated
with the existing statutes, namely, the Ofd-
nance of 1851 the Missouri Prohbitory Law
of 1920, aud the articles of Texas annexation
disposed by law OF the subject Of slavery in al
/ the Territories of the United States.
| And so the Compromise of 1850 was pro
nouncfd full, final, absolute ard conn rolcn
sive settlement of all existing and all rcs<ib'C
/ disputes concerning Slavery under the FcGe1a
authority. Tine two great parties, fearful fur
the Union, struck hands in making and pre-
senting this as an adjustment, never afterward
:
! and the pcop.e accepted it by maio1itics un
known b fore. The new President, chosen
/ over an iIustrious rival unequivocal!y on the
ground of greater ability, even if not more re
! liable purpose to maintain the new treaty in
violate, made haste TO justify this expectation
when Congress ass mbled. He said
"When the grave shall have closed over all
| who arc now endeavoring to meet the oblica-
tions of duty, the year 1850 will be recurred
to as period filed with anxiety and apprc-
! hcnsion. A successful war was Just terminal
ed; peace brought with ii great angm,nta-
ton of territory. Disturbing questions arose
bearing upon the domestic institutions of a
portion of the confeleracy, and involving the
constitutional rights Of the States. But not
withstanding the difference Of opinion and sen
timent in relation to details and specific provi
sions, the acquiescence of distinguished citizens
whose devotion TO the Union can never be
doubted, has given renewed vigor to our insti-
tutions and restored a sense of security and
repose to the public mind throughout the con-
Gederacy That this repose is TO suffer nc
shock during my official term, if / have the
power to avert it, those who placed me hcrt
may be assured Hardly, however, had these
inspiring sounds died away, throughout re
assured and delighted land before the nationa
repose was shocked again-shoclled, indeed, a:
it never had before been, and smitten this tint
10y blow from the very hand that had JUS
released the chords of the national harp from
their utterance of that exalted symphony o
pace.
Kansas and Nebraska, the long-devoted re
r IoI,N
agony of national fear in 1920, aud savet
again in the panic of 1850, were now to b.
opened by Congress, that the never ending
course of seed time and harvest might begin
The slave capitalists of Missouri, from theil
own well-assured homes on the eastern banks
of their noble river, looked down upoI
and coveted the fertile prairies Of Ka1sas
while sudden terror ran through all the cap
ital States, when they saw n sccnin:
certainty that at last new Labor State woulC
be built on their western border, inevitabl,
fraught, as they said, with near or remote
abolition of Slavery. What could be done
Congress could hardly be expected to inter
: vene directly for their safety SO soon after tn
Compromise of 1850. The labor hive of tn
Free States was distant, the way new, un
known, and not without perils. Missouri wa
near and watchful, and held the keys of til
! gates of Kansas. She might seize the ney
and smiling Territory by surprise, if only Con
gress would remove the barrier established i
: 1920. The conjuncture was favorable. Cla
and Webster the distinguished citizens who's
unquestioned devotion to the Union was man
tested by their acquiescence in the comprc
/ mise of 1850, had gone down already int
/ their honored graves. The Labor States ha
dismissed many of their representatives her
for too great fidelity to Freedom, and too grea
distrust of the efficacy of that new bond c
peace, and had replaced them with partisan
who were only timid, but not unwilling Th