New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-08-22
pY0T0GENTc OR HYDROCARBON OILS.
xrposrNE OIL CoMpANY's WORKS

,e extracted, many q .nem possessing cu'oe' 's1
We properties and not only such prodoes out aso .uo
mr. waxlike substance, paraiine, beside
,nmeronp ac;as and ammoniaca combina ions cad
,ases sdapted for illuminating purposes SUCH fscl-
Nv exhibited b, t,ese compounds of carbon hydrogen,
and oxyeen of nterchangng the atoms of wuich they
consist and approps tng for come Of the produ'ts
portion Of the Nitrogen Of the air. is itself an erdance
of the vegetable character and origin of COAL for purely
nor, sniC bodies manifest no such properties.
The extraction Of oil from these materials is no new
discovery, though it has been applied but short time
on large scale for useful purposes. So long ago as
January %, 1884, an English patent was granted to
Martin Eele, Thomas Hancock and Wm Portlock for
way to extract and make grea. quanttyes of pitch,
tarr and oy le ont of sort of sone of which there
is sufficient found within our dominons of England
and Wales" Tn.s stone proved to be bituminouS
hale and I'D I7l6 another patent was granted to
M,ssrs. NJ & Betton of Shrewsbury for extracting
oilfrom the black, pchy finty rock commonly found
everything the coal beds The rock was reducsd W
powder and the oil distilled The operation no v
yer does not appear to have been introduced txtsn
sivey into practice though tae product was kn3 VIZ ~
l76l and used medicine under the nas % D'i Ne
or petroleum oil as described In Lewis Ms.sI ia AZ
de of that date II is there said 10 be obtained by de
ii atjon from hard bitumen or klnd OF some cos
foupd in Shropshire and other parts Of EhgAhu. Oo
casopay other notices met with In the accounts %
scie,6e experiments made 10 the last centuryi aod Id
1893 the process was again the subject OF patsns
granted 10 VIM. Boiler, aud IN 1901 OF announcer 70 I'
J.smes Youpp of Glasgow who as the first IN Great
Britain 10 estblsh sac ,essiuy the manuiac nre OF OIL
upon large scale. - ou;ouou
noticed in scientific treases aud ID operations carried
on for extracting tar and gas from oltunlnous coai,
was never brought prominently before the puonc uhi
,n,l,I nod he RSlGleu-
bach of the interesting experiments by which, IN 1873
30 and 81 he discovered and sc parated numerous
substances from crude coaoi or the term has been
incorrectly translated and used from coal tar One OF
these substances which ne called eupion Is the sane
thing as the rected oil now known as coai-o paraf
fine oil kerosene OIL and by other local or commercial
Names Won Rechenbach understo, q It's Vaiuaoa
properties and predicted that wnenever could be OBJ
tanned al cheap rate it would be applied TO domesuc
ue, as an Illuminating agent In France the character
of this oil was understood in 1894 as appears from
patent of this dae, issued to M NJ Z. a. r. CherVau
and in 1888 its manufacture 10 referred to In patent re-
specpg its application as well known. At this time,
the process of extracting it was carried on under
patent of toscary and by M NJ Blum the operations
of the latter being conc ucted by the chemist Laurent
upon the bitumnous shales Of the envrons OF Autun
This writer describes the lamps suitable for burning ~
and the necessity Of using chimneys to prevent their
smoking. Coal oil also produced al this Fme by
Selhgue manufacturing chemist who for many years
devOted himself exclusively to this and kindred opera
tons and published the results OF MS WOIh Ill
journals the time. complete account of the processes
employed in this branch OF induety contained In the
full specification of bis patent OF March lS4o since
which time the improvements in the manufacture have
contested in notifications Of the apparatus. The ma
era employed upon the Continent Of Europe for the
production Of coalo is called schist or shale and IL
has been questioned whether coal itself was applied 70
this use; but the fact 49, no distinctive line Can be
drawn between coal and Oitumnous shae, and what is
called sbale upon the Continent is known as coal In
Great Britain. This is especially the case with the
Bognead camel coal of Scotland, which Is the best
adapted of any material for making coal-o and which
exported and sold in Germany by the Dams OF schist
Important suits law have orgina ed on this very
quettion-one respecting the BOghead camel and one
relatD g 10 the Albert coal Of New-brunswlck, which,
in the conflicting testimony OF scientific Witnesses, were
determined ground independent OF the character OF
the material.
On this aide of the Atlantic the best Goals for produ
cling oil are found in brunswick, In Kentucky,
Virginia Ohio and PenDsy vaOia and, notwithstand
ing the large quantities of natural oil recently dscov
cred in the Last named State and pumped up from below
the surface, the extraction Of the oil is rapidly becom
ing an important branch of manufacture The value OF
these Goals is according to the gallons OF oil they yield
The production of the Boghead about III gallons of
crude oil TO the un in large operations The Breckin
ridge coal OF Kentucky yields from 80 to 100 gallons
the Cannelton coal of Virginia about the same; and the
oas of Ohio from ~ down TO % gallons The coal OF
DsrDgton Pa, produces only from As to 50 gallons
OF the principal works engaged In the manufacture
of coalo the most complete and productive is that of
the Kerosene Oil Company ALLENTOWN, Long island.
The establishment is situated opposite New-Y0Ik City
on NewtOwn Greek, about mile above Hunters
Point. The Railroad 10 Flushing passes through the
lands of the Company These consist of u acres, a
large portion OF which s covered with the buildings
devoted the operations in the construction OF which
and providing them with machinery capital Of about
100000 has been expended. The Company have also
a stock of Boghead COAL amounting 10 about 10000
tune the original cost of which, delivered at the
works was $l8 IS per tun. Their kns retorts are
built near the creek and Is in number. In size
and shape they resemble circular lime.kiln They
built Of ordinary brick, and lined with tre-brick.
Their higat is 20 feet and inside diameter IL feet
which gives then capacity of over % tuns of coal
The Company have also prepared kiln of four times
this capacity, which is Low near ready for use The
plan OF the kns Is hat patented by Luther Atwood tn
peculiarly of whica consists in the products of the
tllaiion passing down and out through eduoon
pipe placed In the lotion. A downward draught is
created by means of steam JET ntrodu ,ed in the
tnua ion OF this pipe before reaches the condenser
which occasions partial vacuu and flow of air
from the kiln TO fill it. The reort being charged with
25 tuns Of BOghead coal this is covered with about
tuDs Of Cumberland coal AID quantity of pine wood
The fire Is started at the top AID at the same the
ste am jet is let The fire extends slowly down,
ceiling the volatile products al moderate tempera-
ture ana thus the loss is avoided which would result
from too rapid and intense heat t1e effect OF which ia
TO decoDpose the oily mstters and convert them INTO
gaseous compounds. In this respect, The extraction OF
OIL differs from the gas manufacture, In which the coas
are thrown into redhot iron retorts III order 10 brlDg
them suddenly 10 a high heat In the Installation for
oil, the process goes slowly, requir
ing four Gays Tor each charge and 1t is checked or
hasteaed, as circumstances require, by of the
steam jet on which the draught depeods. When it is
completed, residue of incOmbustible ash and some
un,onsumed coal remaias in the kiln. No coke is pro-
1uctd.
The vapors pass from the ednction pipe into the
ie1 sers which are tall cylinders Of b0ilerplate irou
The uncouder sable gases escape from the top of these
and the OIL mixed with the water of tue condensed |
The oil ris, to the surface, and flows over into a
lut lie AdDg to large cistern in the ground, holding