The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-11-13

We PuOsnu W Gay y large uumucI Vi scssos9
from our European correspondents, giving
ample and accurate details OF the great changes
that are going on In many of the older coun-
tries on that continent
1t Is not however, In the contemplation Of ths
details alone that the observer can gather The
true import Of the movement that now holds
Europe on the verge Of . general convulsioa.
order to derive from them the law which guides
the chapgesof which they form part. whsa
this ia rightly done it will be perceived that Il
is not alone in Italy that men are tearing down
the time -honored theories which have ruled 60
verpments and systems. for ages, but that the
Latin mind everywhere is breaking through ~.
crust beneath which it has so long reposed, and
Is presenting to the world the spectacle Of
grand Intellectual upheaval. France end
Spain exhibit unmistakeable signs Of 1t, q
well as Italy, and even the Teusonic elements
of Germany and England are agitsted by Tie
throes Of what was for centuries the master
mind OF the world.
To the careless observer the revolution In
Italy is merely consolidation Of certain NJ
the rule Of King Victor Emanuel. The phHs-
sopher sees In it and its corollaries grand
progression of Christianity. If we analyze the
events which are taking place in Italy, France
and Spain, we shall find, under the different
phases impressed by surrounding circun-
stances, a wonderful similarity of agitation
within the pale Of the Roman Catholic church.
In Italy it takes the form of determined at
tempt to deprive the head of the church Of tenn
poral power. In France and Spain, as well a.
In Italy, the ecclesiastical authorities are making
every effort to defend the antiquated forms Of
organized Christianity. The militant spirit
OF the church Is everywhere appealed
to and aroused. In Italy 1t attacks
Victor Emanuel, Cavour and Garibaldi;
In France it labors covertly, but
strenuously against Napoleonism, and in Spain
II strives to, and did for time, raise q oru-
sading spirit against the Moors, In order =
divert the newborn intellectual activity of the
masses from its object
This object is a far higher one, and vastly
more wide reaching in Its effects, than Is COZ
templated In the schemes of Cavour or Louis
Napoleon, Garibaldi or King Bonba. 1t d .
great progression of Christianity like those
which made the times Of ST. Paul, of Con.
stantine, of Hildebrand and Of Luther eras n
the history of the religious and intellectual de-
velopement of man. The priesthood feel and
oppose everywhere the coming innovations.
True to the forms in which they have been edu-
Gated, they resist the advancing spirit Of tho
age, as their class have ever done when the
throes Of the popular intellect have given birtA
to new order Of things. But no philosophio
mind can doubt that the purging Of the church
from the soiling contact Of temporal power
will give 1t higher development
and still more Catholic influence through
out the world. Already the church In
England is beginning to experience IN
influence from the new Christian progress
sion and the Christian sentiment In Germany
has been prepared, even by the labors Of In
fidelity To accept the seed Of q purer and
boiler church organization.
Nor 10 II alone In the religious idea that the
upheaval Of the master mind Of Europe Is pre-
pairing new order Of things. 1t has found,
and is developing In Italy, the union of order
and stability with liberty and constitutional
government The Gallo and Teutonic INTEL
lects nisled by the brilliant distractions Of the
French encyclopedias, have accepted the
theory OF individual right, In opposition to that
OF family existence, ~ the sole basis of society
and government. A necessary consequence
they have failed TO nnd the principle Of Sta
bility, and revolution In France and Germany
has exhibited only transition through anarchy
70 deeper despotlsm. The exaggerated de-
velopsment Of the right Of the individual over
those Of family and society makes government
impossible, and reduces social organize
ton 10 Fourierism and the worst form
OF socialism. The Latin mind d work
ing out the new political problem -
well as the religious one for Europe Accept
ing dynasty ~ the representative Of the prin-
ciple Of stability, II Il establishing oonstitu-
tional government on the basis Of the right Of
the people TO change the dynasty whenever II
becomes inimical to liberty and progress. Tho
family idea thus becomes the basis of social
and political organization In Europe, and revo-
luton In Church and State Is made consonant
with stability and the Development Of the
liberty and intellect Of man.
THE DrsrSIoSrsr ELEMENT AT THE SoUrH.-N
Ia very singular fact, but one that Is proved
By the concurrent testimony Of Gil our des-
patches from the South, that the class Of people
who are the most ultra and incorporating In
devotion TO the slavery institution and In tbs
movement toward disunion are the non-slave-
holding whites. The black republicans, taking
Helper for their authority. would have had W
believe that the three hundred and any thou
sand Shareholders at the South constituted a
odicus and oppressive oligarchy, trampling
upon the social and political rights OF the seven
and half millions OF non shareholders, and
that the latter would hail the election OF Liz
aoln Ia ssCr.i nft THAR daiiworAucp from thin