Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1860-09-19


Tor its application its cost and six per cent per
annum upon his investment in II. We know well
that In sections (bels Of territory in this latitude
In which the fall ny, joint worm and rust have
prevailed much for hffeen years past. growing
wheat cannot be safely attempted without the use
of Peruvian guano. Yet we question seriously
whether with il, the aggregate Of the wheat crops
to which IL has been applied have for ten years paid
back their cost to the farmers growing them or,
in ether words, whether the cult walton Of wheat
lands subject to those drawbac ks to their pro-
duction Of wheat have not made the crop there
unremunerative in the aggregate, as in western
New York, which thirty years ago was the finest
wheat producing region Of the Union, though
for fifteen years subsequently insect enemies Of
the crop compelled the farmers there to abandon
its cultivation almost entirely. In that way only
have they been able to rid their lands to consid-
cradle extent, Of the insect enemies to growing
wheat. Very recently they are returning to It's
cultivation so far with satisfactory success
The western New York farmer. have reaped
great profit from diversIfying their crops thus
forced upon them; and our remedy for the similar
disabilities TO successful wheat growing In tn Q
Latitude is a resort to theirs. In the meanwhile,
we would resort to the use Of the phosphate
which do pay In the permanent improvement of
the soil to which applied, while yielding fair
increase of crops to which directly applied. We
know more satisfactory phosphate guano than
that termed "the American guano,n though the
chemists Of this country are said to have pro-
noanced against it. For the past three years we
have used considerable quantities of 1t, and
always with better paying results than the PERT
Wan guano used side by side with it, For corn.
field peas, and roots for winterfeeding stock. we
have found 1t better fertilizer than any other
that we have tried from IL e dealers. Our use of
| it was at first with misgivings, because hearing
that the chemists had pronounced against it, We
are therefore glad to find that the etest agricul-
tursl chemist of them all: Leibig offers widely
in his estimate Of the value Of the article as fer
tilzer from those Of this country, will be seen
| by the first extract hereto appended, both being
/ from latswpmbers Of the Journal of Commerce.
The seccUd extract, too, proves that its applica-
ton 70 the great commercial crop Of the country
| has certainly produced favorable results IA
have come from our own application Of IL to the
/ crops named above.
We are induced to write thus upon the subiect
| because it's introduction into this count,v b.s
| grown out Of the passage Of the law under which
| 1t was made the duty Of this Government tn n,o
tect American discoveries Of guano repositories
in any ocean; a law that is destined to prove =
| great benefit to the leading American Interest.
indeed. We labored earnestly to bring about
the enactment Of that law, In the belief that such
would be Its eventual result and rejoice that SO
soon, II 10 working enormous good for the cause
Of American agricultural progress.
| AMERICAN GuANO.-Extracts of letters and 70
ports Of Baron Won Liebig, President of the oval
Academy OF Sciences and Professor OF Chemistry
| at Munich, upon the American guano from Ra
ker's and Jarvis islands, forwarded to Jobn r
Sardy, as agent for VIM III. Webb by lanes r
Mac Donald, Esq, U. ). Consul at Hamburg
| Under date Of August 1Ith 1860 AIR Mac Don.S
| writes:
! " Enclosed send you letter Of much fmport.
| ance, containing report from Baron Won iebio
which leaves nothing to be desired. Prof Liebis,
after reporting the analysis Of the guano in tfee
most sienthc manner, and by various tests states
that there are no analyses made on order in the
chemical laboratory Of the Royal Academy, and
| that take charge Of this examin alton by excep-
uon, not to gain something by IL, but az felt a
| great interest In the matter, and have
| spent two months labor In the matter . +. =
/ The Baker s-lsland guanO contains more uh,s
| phoric acid than any other known fertilizrr and
il Is similar In its ingred tents 10 natural pbospho
rite, differing from it. however, In the following
iemarsaole particulars: Phosphorite is In crys-
talized state and Is completely insoluble I'm water
| The Bakers-island guano, on the contrary r.
! | amorphous, 10 soluble to a considerable extent in
pure water, and when mostened colOrs ltmus
| paper red The yarvis-island guano has also an
scid reaction, and is partly soluble in water II
Is worthy Of remark, that tue Jarvis guano
although only half as rich in earthly pbos,
pilates az the Bakers, gives to water create,
quantity Of soluble phosphoric acid. re.
gard the discovery Of these guano depusites "a
most fortunate event for agriculture At the
present Time the prices Of fertilizers like bones
| are now continually on the increase and soon the
agrculturlst Will not be able 10 procure Al nay.
Ing rates, an amount sufficient for bis wants
BAKERS Island guano, being Of all fertilizers the
| ricnest In phosphoric acid, will be Of especi al
importance. As far chemistry can INDIE tbere
IL hardly room for doubt that In ali casa wbers
the fertility Of field would be increased by the
use OF Done gust the Bakers island guano will
be used with decided advantage The pbospbafe
| OF lime In the Bakers Island guano, Ia far more
easily dissolved than that Of bones and II we
take the proportion Of that ingredient to be 90
pounds In the latter, 100 pounds In the Bakers
Island guano are equivalent to I4O pounds of
bones. Thus the agric ,turist would be benetited
as much by using 20 pounds Of Bakery Island
guano as by lO0 pounds Of bone dust T6is g,nno
contains in ammonia nitric acid and azotic ann.
stances, nearly one per cent Of active nitrogen
small addition Of salt Of ammonia would Give
"1ne iuii strength Of Peruvian guano.
guano Is just as good as the Bakers Judgipg
simply from Its per centage Of phosphates IL }s
Gi less value az an article of importation; but
Is rich In suphate Of lime which is also fe,tii'
! izer; and Its phosphoric acid is of higher yaine
as nearly half of 1t exists In soluble phosphate OF
. lime. The Jarvis Island guano would seem 10
oI,nt,t;ons means OF restoring cotton sugar
continued cultivation. think IL il preferable r.
Peruvian guano, which, being rich In ammonia.
tnds rather 10 great development Of leaves and
| STEMS" ~''~'
AMERICAN GUANo-lt will be remembered that
| considerable sales of guano from Islands In IT,
Pacific Were made last Spring, to Southern plant.
es As the crops are beginning to ripen, we now.
nave opportunity to observe the results THE
Macon (Ga Telegraph says ''we are glad to hear
generally favorable accounts Of the Influence of
TIE American guano upon the crops, particularly
rs doubts have been expressed Ia regard to II an
The savannah News publishes letter from
| Charles A Peabody, OF Columbus I'm the same
state, WHICH speaks Of the magical Effects Of
| this peculiar substance lately Imported I'm Iarge
quantities from the Pacific ocean. and calIs IN.
special attention Of the press to the fact. that
s'cotfon, rivaling Sea Island for many PURPOSES.
Is grown In abundance on very poor lands, with
| the aid of American guano " I -
Facts Of this kind 80 TO establish the value of
the numerous islands Containing guano deposit s)
| which have been appropriated by American mer.