Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1860-05-17

bbtaHtb, hppOlHteu Wy tne IOuDCIl OF State
There are subject to the authority OF each
Governor, two secretaries and a number of
superior police officers. to each Of whom an
especial department is allotted, for which he
is responsible. These have each numbe r
under. police officers to execute their orders.
Second in rank to the Governor, and inde-
pencent Of him, is a Treasurer. who has an
accountant to assist him; third 10 rank is
the VI litary Commandment Of the town and
district. These are all government officers,
responsible to the Council OF State, which
has many spies constantly watching them.
TOWN AND CITY GOVERNMENT.
These have nothing to do with the
management of their own affairs. A council
Of nine in whom the Office is hereditary,
constitute the municipal authorities. 1t is
required of them that their resolutions be
unanimOrs, otherwise they are to be sub
mitted to the Governor A regiment Of
"Ottonas" and "Kosseros" are employed by
this council ss their ministers ami servants
The first are the captains Of the last named
To them is iD;rustel the good conduct of
by closing the gates Of every street a, night,
which cannot be passed without permission
from an "Ottona." These gates inclJse
distances Of three hundred ard sky feet,
and every such division has an "Ottona .
with his Kasseros. In addition to all this,
every town and village in the Empire is
purceled out in lots of five houses each, the
heads of which are made answerabe for
each other, who are erjoined 10 report each
to his Kassero all misdemeanors, or even
unusual occurrences, in any of his neigh
bors' houses, which from the Kasseros is
communicated through the Ottona to the
Municipal Council; and, TO make assurance
doubly sure, each householder is compelled
to see that no Disturbances occur in from,
of HE house. Each ono must examine into
prevent and report all disputes or broils
that occur on the street fronting his resi-
dence, on pain of punishment by imprison-
ment, whipping and arrest in his own house.
Punis1ments are summary in Niphon.
These are none of the claws delays" which
characterize our Judicial proceedings: Liw-
yers, as a pro fession, do not exist. Each
man pleads his own case, aud summons his
own witnesses.
Imprisonment, Punishment to some nearly
uninhabited island, torture and death are
the penalties Of crime. They impose no
fines, because pecuniary punishments would
give wealthy criminals an unfair advantage
over poor ones. Capital punishment, or
even sentence Of death. involve con6scation
Of property, and disgrace to the family o.!
the criminal; hence, a man of the higher
orders, conscious Of guilt, prevents his trial
by at once committing harikar.
GOOD IDEA.
A singular, and, it would seem, exec llent
practice, is observed to preserve the select
ness of neighborhood or street: 1t is not
permitted any one to change his residence
without obtaining a certificate OF good con.
duct from the people whose vicinity he
desires to leave; end he must further pro.
cure permission from those among whom he
wants TO reside, to come and live among
them, before he can effect a change. This
arrangement must have the effect Of making
sums "hot places" 1t certainly has the
very desirable result Of aflording no hiding
places for criminals, and, consequently
there are few crimes committed against
properly Doors are scarcely ever barred
for there is no fear OF robbery.
EFFECTS OF THE SPY SYSTEM.
This ramified, complete, and all-pervad-
ing system Of. espionage, however much il
may be sligmatized as miserable and degra-
ding, or by whstever other reproachlul epi-
,hets writer's may choose to brand it, has
like the charms of music, sootheG the saw
age breast, in this instance. 1t has softened
the hearts of the people towards one another
has made them exceedingly careful against
insulting and ass ssu lting one another; denies
them the power of treachery, and leaves
them to-day the freest, gayeS, hearted peo-
pie in existence Where the possibility OF
concealment is removed, there will be moth.
ing to conceal, and thus the desire or thought
even, oil plotting, die out. What first became
system 10 guard against treachery, has
grown into custom as dear to the people
as any other. The complete intimacy it ha'
engsndered among the people has had a
very humanizing effect. And while it ha'
answered the ends of government in sus'
tanning It's stability, it has rendered the
people pre.eminently polite and amiable t.
one another-careful not TO offend, AM
studious to please.
SINGULAR -CUsToM--cLAssEs oF SOCIETY
There is custom observed by then
which we cannot eulogize, bu: which seem'
to work to charm among them. 1t is cs
teemed the duty CT every man to remain in
the same class, through life, in which he
was born, unless exalted by some pecuia
circumstance. To endeavor to elevate
himself above his position, 10 regarded a
discreditable; to fall below it, objectionable
There are eight distinct divisions Of society
The first, are the princes of the blood
above spoken Of
Q. Nobemen who hold their lands il
lies, by military service due the severa
princes. From among their number ir
chosen their ministers who are not princes
the great officers OF state, the Governors o
imperial dominions, and ths Generals.
3D., The pres hood. All religions are
tolerated. Buddhism and tho Sntos, o