New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-01-05
Netu.9 DAILY @ribn,re
THE STATE OF EUROPE
Prom Oar Own Correspondent


From the time of the Convention OF yiIlafranca
up to the present day. Eapoleon's policy has been
so mysterious that both the Central Italian States
and the Emperor of Austria continue to trust him
in the main, though both parties are somewhat
alarmed about the further developments of his
schemes. The Official organs Of the Emperor have
consistently advocated the restoration of the Aus
trian princes. Napoleon in his letter to Victor
Emanuel, Count Walewski in all his diplomatic
communications, Prince Poniatowsk and Count
Reisset in Tuscany, and all the Ministerial and
semi-oficial journals of Paris, have continually
ecunseled and admonished the Central Italians 10
submit to the conditions Of Vilafranca. Accord
irgly, Prince Aetternicb, upon being recently
accredited at the Court Of the Tuileries,
speaks warmly of the friendly personal feelings of
Francis Joseph, and his desire to strengthen the
bonds of amity between the two Emperors. On the
other hand, again we see Victor Emanuel, who,
after all, ought to know Napoleon's plans, still
putting his trust in his ally, alaying the discomfort
Of Gnrbaldi, and giving hopes to the people of Gen.
trail Italy II is true that Napoleon has said moth
ing more than few mysterious words in their
favor, but in the view, and we may say under the
guns Of two French armies, one at Rome, the
other in Lombardy, Piedmont, and Piacenza, they
have been allowed to organize their government and
administration, their army and Custom-Houses,
their laws and currency altogether on the Sandman
footing, and through the Regency of Buonconpagni
to give even an external representation to the
fusion with the sub-alpne kingdom. In Parma,
MOdena, and the Legations, Farini hos more COM
pletely succeeded in introducing the civil and GRIM
inal law of Sardinia, her municipal administration
and her military organization than the Ratazzi Cab
met in Lombardy. In travelling from Turin by
Parma to Bologna, not even the most infinitely
nquirng observer can see any other sign of being in
different country but the greater excitement and
energy of Central Italy, which is due to the incer
tain position of those provinces. There is no
passport and custom. house annoyance on the from
tiers, 10 difference in the forms of law and ad.
ministration, in the official emblems Of the Gov
eminent, in the regimentals of the soldiers.
Baron Ricasoli has done somewhat less in
Tuscany, where the provincial Etruscan type is by
far more distinct than is the Eman; STILL even here
across the Apennnes, all the officials and officers
have taken the oath Of allegiance to Victor Eman.
uel, the liking elect" 1t is in his name that
justice is administered and the towns and districts
governed; the French system of measures and
currency, which was long ago adopted by Sardinia,
has been introduced without opposition, and the
proud spirit of the Florentines, nurtured by the
most glorious historic recolections submits willing
y TO the eventual supremacy of Turin that upstart
city without history either political or literary and
arfistical and speaking q language which can
scarcely be called italian. All this has been
achieved with the connivanee of Napoleon, who
might long ago have crushed this spirit
of union and these practical steps for complete fu-
sion, by sending his army from the hnclo by way
of Legborn instead of by Mont Gents to France;
since the French Generals might, during their
march. have eIerted the influence of their presence
to have men put at the head of affairs in every town
and province who would have quietly worked for
the restoration of the Princes and against the union
with Piedmont. 1t may be said that such a policy
would have been very unpopular, and would have
deprived the Emperor of the fruits of his campaign
VIZ. the contentmeBt of the Italian nation; still,
the delay granted to Central Italy and 30 admira-
bly, improved by Farini, Pesoli, and Rcascli, has
added many difficulties to the policy Of restoration
which, according TO the accounts OF al those who
have lately visited Italy, could only be carried
ont by a war and an immense slaughter. A few
weeks more will show whether 1t is Francis Joseph
or Central Italy which has been cheated by Napo-
leon, one of the two has certainly become victim
of his dark policy. ell.
since Count Walewsk, though often pressed by the
Nuncio. never promises the complete restoration Of
the Pspal power in the legations; while on the
other hand, the French ambassador Mt Rome con-
tinues TO insist upon reforms. Having been imp0r-
tuned for months, the Pope has at last appointed
Commission of half.a-dozen Cardinals, to discuss
this question; and the first decree issued at their
suggestion shows clearly that the Papal ideas OF
Reform are at variance with those OF the civilized
world. The Papal authorities begin their reforms
at the root and therefore, after preamble against
The low state of morals in Roman society," order that
no females coming to church with bare shoulders,
pecks, and hair, or clad in extrayagant dresses
here probably orinOlne is meant-shalf be shriven
by the priests BY this decree, the Pope puts him
self exactly upon the same level with the Sultan,
who has lately issued the counterpart of tins ORDER
prohibiting the Turkish ladies from wearing trans
parent walls and muslin dresses, and French Shoes
and profusion of jewels =.
The agitation in Hungary increases and Francis
Joseph, instead Of yielding to the approaching
storm has resolved to put tdown by force The fifth
arny-corpe, stationed in Veneta, has been ordered
to march to Hungary, and one hundred and sixty
nine clergymen, elders, and inspectors, men OF
standing and influence, have been summoned before
the Provincial Criminal Court at Kaschau, for hav-
ing excited the population to discomfort and oppss-
ton against the government The Vienna papers
triumphantly explain that the Hungarians are una
bic to make any armed resistance, and that, ac-
cordingly, they will have quietly to submit to the
German rule, supported as it isby bayonets; but
the Uupgarians reply that it is not their intention
10 rise now In revolution, and that even oeIman
army and the state of siege cannot prevent them
from being dissatisfied, and from expressing Their
discomfort within the bounds OF the criminal CODE
This opposition manifests ,tsef now even ~ oa.