Lewistown gazette. [volume] (Lewistown, Pa.) 1843-1944, 1860-03-08

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and to the great sorrow of the free
states, rejected the system of voluntary labor.
The Colonization Society was established with
much favor in the capital states Emancipa-
/ ton societies arose in the free states. South
Carolina instituted proceedings to nulllfy
obnoxious Federal revenue laws. The capl-
| tai states complained of courts and Legisla-
lures in the labor states for interpreting the
constitutional provision for the surrender OF
/ tugltlves from service, so rs TO treat them as
persons, and not property, and they discrimi-
mated against colored persons Of the labor
states when they came to the capital states.
I They denied in Congress, the right of petit
ton, and embarrassed or denied freedom of
debate on the subject of slavery. Presses
which undertook the defence Of the labor sys-
tenn IN the capital states were suppressed by
violence, aud even in the labor states public
! assemblies. convened TO consider the slav
cry questions, weredispersed by mobs sympath-
/ izing with the capital states.
The Whig party, being generally an oppOs
ition party, practiced some forbearance to-
ward the interest of labor. The Qemocrntc
party, not without demonstrations Of dissent,
was generally found sustaining the policy of
| capital. \ disposition toward the removal Of
slavery from the presence Of the National
! Capitol appeared in the District Of Columbia.
launched Il prospective veto against the an
ticipated measure. Democratic Congress
brought Texas into the Union, stipulating
practically for its future reorganization in
| four slave states. Mexico was incensed.
War ensued. The labor states asked that
that Mexican law of liberty, which covered
the Territories brought in by the treaty of
peace, might remain to be confirmed. The
Democratic party refused. The Missouri de-
| bate OF 1870 required now, under circunStan-
ces of heat and excitement, in relation to
these corquests. The defenders of labor took
alarm lest the number of new capital states
might become so great rs to enable
that class Of states to dictate the whole
policy Of the government; apd in case Of
constitutional resistance, then to form new
siaveholdlng ContederacY around the Gulf Of
! Mexico BY this time the capital states seem
ed to have become fixed in determination
that the Federal Government and even the
labor states, should recognize their slaves,
though outside Of the slave states and within
the TeTritogies of the United States, as pro-
perty of which the master could not be in
any way or by any authority divested and
and the labor states, having become now more
essentially democratic than ever before, by
the great development Of free labor more
firmly than ever insisted on the constitutional
doctrine that slaves voluntarily carried by
their masters into the common Territories or
into labor states are persons, men.
Under the auspicious influences ef a Whig
success, California and New Mexico appear
| ed before Congress as labor states The cap
! ital states refused to consent to their admis-
! sion into the Union and again threats Of dis
union carried terror aud CONSERVATION
| throughout tie land. ANOTHER compromise
/
! California as labor state and demanded New
Mexico and Utah to remain Territories, with
, the right to choose freedom or slavery when
/ ripened into states, while they gave new RENE
, dies for the reception of fugtives from SER
/ vice, and abolished the open slave market in
/ the District of Columbia. These new enact
ments co!lqtcd with the existing statutes
/ namely, the ordinance of l7S7. the Missouri
/ prohbitory law Of 1920 and the articles of
/ Texas nexatlon-disrosed bv iaw Of the
subject Of slavery in all the Territories of the
/ United States. And so the compronl Sc of
/ 1850 was pronounced full, FINAL, absolute
/ and comprehensive settlement Of all exist
! ing and all possible disputes concerning sla-
very under the Federal authority. The two
/ great parties, fearful for the Union, struck
hands in making and in presenting this as an
| adjustment, never afterwards to be opened,
, disturbed, or even questioned, and the people
accepted it by majorites unknown before
| The new President, chosen over an illustrious
! rival, unequiyocalIy on the ground Of greater
ability, even il not more reliable purpose, to
maintain the new treaty inviolate, made haste
to Justify this expectation when Congress as
sembled. lie said:
When the grave shall have closed over all
who are now endeavorng to meet the obliga
tons of dEty the year 1850 will be required
to as period filled with anxiety and appre-
hension. 4 successful war had lust termin.
ated: peace brought with it great apgmenta-
ton of territory. Disturbing questions arose,
bearing upon the domestic institutions of
portion of the Confederacy. But notwith-
standing differences Of opinion and sentiment
in relation to details and specific provisions,
the acquiesccnce of distinguished citizens,
whose devotion to the Union can meyer be
doubted, has givep renewed vgor TO our in
stitutions, and restored a sense of security
and repose to the public mind throughout the
Confederacy. That this repose is to suffer no
shock during my official term, if | have the
power to avert it, those who placed me here
may be assured"
Hardly, however, had these inspiring
sounds died away, throughout a reassured
and delighted land, before the national repose
was shocked again shocked indeed as it had
never before been, and smitten this time by
blow from the very Land that had released
the chords of the national harp from their
utterance Of that exalted symphony of peace.
Kansas and Nebraska, the long devoted res
ervation of labor and freedom, saved in the
agony of national fear in 1920, and saved
again in the panic of 1850, were now to be
opened by Congress- that the never ending
course of seed time and harvest might begin
The slave capitalists of Missouri, from their
own weilassured homes on the eastern banks
of their noble river; looked down upon and
coveted the fertile prairies of Kansas while
terror ran through all the capital states,
when they saw seeming certainty that at
last a new labor state would be built on their
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