The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1860-08-24
From the Ne,v Orleans Picautne.
THE TNrpEASr nH or SJrI,lt

numbers wifhin thof
period was 7l6 1856 the rate of increase nearly %
per cent; more precisely % so per cent
At this rate OF increase, which is not likely to be
less, computations have been made of the future
numbers of the slave population, within lew
years. The figures are, indeed, startling, from
their magnitude 1t is very certain, that within
the first quarter of the next century, it will be at
least fifty millions. There are an infinite number
OF practical questions, of immense Importance, con-
nected with these estimates. The least of them is
however, that to which we see some prominence
gwen, in calculations which we find in Northern
papers, from sources usually considered well in
formed and discreet, whereby the impression is
sought to be made, that this increase of the slave
population of the South will so increase the repre-
sentation of the slave States in the House of Re-
representatives., as to give slave State majority
there.
The apprehension is expressed in the following
shape:
1t is expected that within the lifetime of some
who are now living, the number of slaves, chiefly
concentrated in the cotton States, will be sixty
millions Under the Federal Constitution three
ntths OF the slaves included in the federal re-
preventative population Thus those States will
become entitled to a number or representatives in
congress equal to the number which will represent
ioTty mlons OF Tree whites in the Northern States
1t was anticipated as possible occurrence by the
trainers OF the Constitution, that the South mig ght
through the threetifths rule, obtain an ascendency
In the House OF Representatives and unless the
suit
Very essential facts are omitted in the computa-
ton One is that the white population, North and
oouin, increases In greater ratio than the slave
population. Another is, that the white population
in the North increases by greater ratio than the
white population of the South. Therefore, when
ever there are sixty millions of slaves in the
(not forty) millions will be entlleI tn renresen
taion, there will be at least seventy millions of
whites, of whom the whole will be represented
besides the excess of the representation in favor of
tlnar
ton of the North over the white population of the
South. The disproportiOn against the South in
federal numbers increases with every census
Uhuer the census OF 1850 the white inhabitants of
the Northern States were l3 800, ESQ., to G. 222 AIS
tor the saveholding States-more than two to one.
Inc white population of the North was increasing
at the rate OF 80 AZ in ten years. The white popu,
latlon OF the South at the rate of "a &c per cent
and the slave population at the rate of % so per
cent. SN peA
Let us look for moment into the opposite side
OF this account to what chances there are that
the South will overtake the North in federal no
Pulatlon, by means of the slaves. On the Northern
side there were, in 1850, 13 $3.50 $50 whites all of
whom were counted in the federal enumeration,
AT the same rate of increase which prevailed dur
ing the ten years which preceded 1850, which was
1874 per cent, their numbers will amount by the
census Of this year, to Is, ,744.
On the Southern side there were in the slave
holding States, white population of 6,222, ,4lS,
which, at the rate of increase under the pr revious
uI.,l
to S,293,593. The additional element of power
was the slave population, which was, in 1850,
3,2Oi, ,2l3 and which, at the same rate of increase
as before name Y, Is. GO per cent, would produce
IN 1850, 4,l27 ,O55, of which only three-ffths are
counted in the enumeration. The representative
population of the slave holding States will, there
fore, be in 1860, 10,7G9S26 The Northern in
crease of representative numbers will be 999 094
the Southern increase {, ,624, ,S22.
The Northern increase of representative num-
bers has, therefore, been per cent The South
ern increase, by blending the smaller ratio of the
white increase with the smaller ratio still of the
black increase, reducing the latter bv the two
tths only amounts to 80 % per cent. 1t is there
fore, clear that, allowing for the enumeration of the
largest increase ofsaves, the Northern ascendancy
OF federal numbers must continue to increase with
every census, and the enormous increase foretod
Tor the slave population is measure of the still
greater prepOnderance of non-slaveholding infu-
ences in the popular branch of Congress.
Ihe computation, instead of being a cause of po-
liucal apprehension North, has au aspect for
thoughtful consideration in the South. And this is
the essential inquiry: When this fifty or sixty mil
lions come in their natural increase, and at
the same time the largest increase of the North.
ern population throws greater preponderance of
their element in the popular branch what is to be
the policy of the Federal Government towards the
saveholding interest, especially if by the cultiya-
tion OF anti slavery territories and the making OF
antisavery States the majority in the Senate shall
pass into their hands also.
10 square miles, having increased threefold since
tho yan- 1900; bricks and mortar still invade
and capture the green fields. The population ac-
cordng to the report of the Registrar General auU
ments at the rate of about one thousand per week
half by birth and half by immigration Notwith.
standing the enormous wealth of the metropolis il
Is recorded IN the report of the Registrar General
as remarkable fact, that Gone in six of those " vho
leave the world die in of the public institutions
"a workhouse, hospital, asylum, or prison -
Nearly one in eleven Of the deaths is in a work
house.
This shows that poverty follows close at the heels
of wealth, and iastens the multitude with relcnt.
less grasp. Every sixth person dies pauper or n
criminal! Can this be said of any other CITY on
the globe And how great a number there must be
who barely managed to escape this fate The severe
competition for substance and wealth which char
acterizes London life is a terrible ordeal for any
human being to pass through, and thousands fail in
the attempt, crushed beneath the golden Jugger-
| naut. 1t is now notorious saws London paner
that in the large establishments where some hmm.
dreds of assistants employed the great majority
of them are broken down tradesmen, crushed by
| the competition of caDital.
Even these occupations obtained with di fiji.
Guilty. and the less fortunate gradually sink lower
and lower in the SCALE till they are driven into the
| public Institutions, where they meet an uutimely
death. The list is further sweed by that numer.
GUS class who born in a respectable sphere and wei
educated, sink into degradation from the sheer love
OF display and the vanity of living beyond theiI
means. 1t is on record that out of 5000 convicts
| who have passed their probation in Pentonville
| 900 fell through this wretched vice andit is add
ed that most of the number were "originaly re
| spectacle in more than an ordinary degree
These statements teach that the greatness OF
London has been purchased at fearful cost in hui
man poverty, misery and crime, the result of III
eager pursuit of wealth.
| PERSoNAL.-Mr. Bronte, the father of the BrontC
Sisters, whose remarkable lives made known
to the world through Mrs. Gaskell's biography of
the author of Jane Eyre, has at last yielded to BIZ
increasing infrmiies and preached his last sermon
| at Haworth church, (where Charlotte Bronte lie
buried on the 2lst ultimO. He will be succeeded
| by his assistant minister, Rev. NJ. Nicholl, thu
husband of Charlotte Bronte, and will himself lvC
IN repose from active duty among the people
whose pastor he has been for so many years. Thi
old minister was very effective, if not brillian
pulpit orator. We heard him in his church a
Haworth some two years ago, and the picture h
presented was curious and striking. He wore
huge white cravat, completely burying his chin a
well as his neck, and absolutely hiding the lowe
part of his face. In the old pulpit, stuck up agans
the side wall of the church, only the top of hi
head was visible when he was seated. His tex
was taken from various passages in the Lamenta
tions of jeremiah which he read from pocket
bible, explaining them as he proceeded. His para
phrases of the scriptural were couched il
the most beautiful language, and, of course, WHOLLY
extempooraneogs., more atfectingly beautiful
sermon it would be difficult to hear, and the fact
| the then recent affctons to which Mr.. Bronte haC
| been subjected, in the loss of his last and mos
celebrated daughter, gave peculiar effect to tn
words on which he particularly dwelt: "And salt
my strength and my hope is perished from the
Lord; remembering mine Affections and my misery
the wormwood and the gall. This recall to mind
therefore have lhope, for it is of the Lords mercie
we are not consumed, because his compositions
fail not."-N Y. Post.
THE LATEST FARoE.-The Prince of Wales will b
| relieved of some of his surplus cash in New York
Already the Gothamites are speculatng. Th
~, Eal IL
for his Royal Highness, and it is understood tha
he desires to pay for what he gets, the applicant
| for his faunnr rathar nnmarnus halfdoZel
hotel-keepers have proffered their entire building
the principal of educational institute desire
to be favorably considered, and the papers hav
turned the matter into ridicule by publishing sug
gestioDs from sundry individuals of comic turn o
mind. One man, in view of the crowded state O
New York buildings, and the danger of fire, offer
the Prince the of his season ticket to sleep ant
ride the Staten Island ferry boats; another sug
gests that the Pewter jug will be found convenien
| and that the Prince, in he adopts it as hi
headquarters, will be supplied with liquors 'gratui
tously from the hands of the
"Handsomest Walters in New York
| Handsomest Walters in New York.
| Handsomest Walters in New York.
| Whether the Prince of Wales will be overcom
by these manifold attractions we cannot say, but
is evident that by the time he reaches the city tn
whole matter will be considered in the light of
farce. The Bowery boys and the Mott stree
roughs will expect high time upon the occasion {
his reception.-Phd. Inquirer.
MORE SLAvERs RePoRrED.-During the excite
ment attendant upon the arrival of the New Yorl
| \ acht SOuadr0n n Nawnnrt vassal hat had bae