The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1860-03-29
THE RESULT OF FREE AND SLAVE La
BOR IN THE BRITISH WEST INDIES

the Jamaica Colonist-whoever that individual
may pe-who has recently addressed the London
morning Herald upon this important subject. He
has well remarked that the cry of ruin has not pro
ceeded from the planters of this island without deep
cause; for that with all the energy skill and
economy IN their mode of management, they have
one by one seen their hard earnings or the he.
reditary property otheir ancestors melt away under
| the unequal competition of slavery, while they
have been denied the only means by which they
might have hoped for success. This is an old
story, but it can never be stale while the cause OF
complaint continues and it is only by a reteration
OF facts that we can hope to convince the British
puohc OF the grave error they have been seduced
INTO committing, and the serious injury they have
inflicted, it is the sacred duty of every one who
has either pen or press at his command to contri-
butte as he can toward efecting the desired end.
Despite the many facts and figures which have
repeatedly been adduced during the last twenty
years, in proof of the melancholy fact that without
a due proportion of labor to the land in any coun-
try, and more especially in one so lavishly endowed
with natural advantages as Jamaica, its resources
can neither be properly developed nor its cultiva-
ton be sustained; and in equal defiance, on the
other hand, of the proofs of increasing productive
ness OF those countries, whether slave or free
where this equilibrium is at all main ntaned-it still
continues to be contended by party whose ante
cedents give them Importance either that Free la
Dor cultivation has not diminished as we have re-
presented, or elsewhere admitted-that this has
arisen from circumstances wholly irrespective of
the reasons assigned by To those who are in
chned to argue in this manner, the following facts
are respectfully offered:
In Cuba, possessing slave-trade, the production
Oh sugar IN 1877, was only 100000 tons; in 1850,
1t had risen to 100000; and in 1852 it had reached
the enormous amount of 400 900 TONS
In the United States, also slave-cultivated, the
production OF sugar during the same nariod rnsa
from IS, 900 to 346, 900 hhds
In Brazil, also slave country, the great staple
OF that country, coffee, increased from millions
''i In % Java, va naihnGRs Mne4e a moo,noa .,-
production of both sugar and coffee has remained
| nearly stationary.
| On the other hand jamaica which in 1905 dur
ing slavery, produced 100000 hhds of sugar, and
in 1914, "a million lbs of coffee; in 1856 after near
" ~ years of freedom, with dispersed and Who'll
| ly inadequate population, exported only % 600
| hhds. and million lbs. of coffee
| While Hayti, which under the management of
| tue French, and with slave labor, annually pro-
duced above 500 million lbs. of sugar. ana some 80
| million lbs. of coffee; now, under free svstem
does not produce sufficient sugar for its own con-
sumption, and depends almost entirely on its culti-
walton of coffee, which is also less than half what
| 1T was go years ago!
In Barbados, however. the free svsten has
worked well-and why simply because it is dense
ly populated-containing ten times as many inffab-
ltants as Jamaica, in proportion to its size. In
| this model colony, accordingly, we find that the
| production now is just double what it was during
| slavery; while in Mauritius, Trinidad and Dem
| erara-thanks to the command of Immigrant la
bour to supply the deficiency created bv emancipa-
tiOn, the products have also very considerable in
| creased; although nothing certainly to COMPARE
with the gigantic strides made by Cuba the South
ern States of America, and Brazil; or to compen-
safe Tor the loss sustained in Hayti, Jamaica, and
'other free islands of the West
A FUGrTIvE SLAVE CASE IN PHILADELpHA-On
Monday night, United States Deputy MarsbaIs Jen
kins and Sharky, of Philadelphia, arrived in that
city, having IN charge a negro named Moses Hor-
ner, claimed by Charles T. Butler of Jefferson
Co., Va, as fugitive slave. The Ledger of yes-
terday says;
Moses was taken whilst at work in a clearing a
few miles outside of Harrisburg and the admirable
arrangements of the officers prevented any excite
ment either in Harrisburg or this city. At ten
o'clock yesterday morning the case was brouqbt
before Justice Cadwallader. Benjamin H. Brew
ster, Esq, appearing for the claimant and Messrs
Earle, Hopper, Bull and Warriner for the fugitive
The counsel for the prisoner asked and obtained
postponenent of two hours in order to confer with
their client The Court again met at one O'clock
when Mr.. Brewster offered in evidence the certifi-
cate, setting forth that Moses Horner is a slave
owing service and labor to Mr.. Butler; that he
escaped on the 18th of August last. Henry F.
Cameron, of Sheppardstown Jefferson county
Va, testified that he knew Mr. Butler and the
slave Moses Horner, and he identified the prisoner
as the individual; he had known him seventeen
years, and had made coats for him, the order of
his master. Albert HumrickhOuse testified that he
resides in the neighbOrhOod Mr. Butler;knew his
"boy Moses for fifteen wears; he had as executor
received part OF the purchase money paid by Mr.
Buters father; he had no doubt of the identity of
the prisoner. This witness, las well as Mr. Cameron
referred to the fact that the prisoners right foot
turned in, or was what is called "pigeon-toed -
Robert u. Harper, resident of this city but five
years ago resident of Jefferson county, where he
was born and raised, testified that he recognized
the prisoner as the slave of Mr.. Butler; he had
known him all his life; at one time he belonged to
his grandfather, and witness had played with the
prisoner when the two were BOYS
In the course of the examination of the witnesses
1t appeared that the prisoner had belonged to the
claimants father who is now dead; and in cross
examination. cpunSel hot fhar
four children and immediately they raised the point
that there was evidence of title in the claimant;
1t might be- they said that he had but a fourth in
| terest in the man.
Judge Cadwallader of opinion that the act
did not permit him to go behind the certificate;
that the additional proof" referred to in the act
had reference to the question of identity alone
The counsel then desired pOstponement until this
morning. in order to bring in witnesses, on their
way from Harrisburg. Judge Cadwallader would
not permit the postpOnement unless counsel would
make proof of the witnesses they expected togeth-
er with the point to which the testimony would be
directed. Counsel stated their inability to give
the names, as the prisoner had been brought in
very hurriedly; but the Judge rejoined, that the
gentlemen could ascertain from their client the
names.
They did not follow the suggestion of the Court,
although the prisoner within few steps Of
them, but concluded to argue the question of title
This argument carried the case past o'clock and
at its conclusion, Judge Cadwaader still remained
OF the opinion expressed above. The motion for a
postponement again came up, and upon a state
ment by MIR. Warriner, one of the counsel, that
hve or SIX persons were expected from Harrisburg
to testify as to the identity of the prisoner, the
Court allowed the postponement until this morn
ing, at ten O'Clock.
But little excitement prevailed during the day,
and unlike in the Dangerfed case, no crowd gath
cred around the Courthouse.
We received the following despatch from Phila-
delpha last night
PHILADELPHIA, March 28.-The fugitive slave
Horner was to-day remanded to his owner by Judge
Cadwaader of the Federal Court. Great excite
ment prevailed in the vicintyof the Court house
the announcement of the Judges decision. large
crowd, chiefly composed of blacks, congregated
about the doorway, and on the fugitive being taken
to the carriage, surrounded the vehicle and made
a desperate attempt to rescue him. The carriage
was broken down in the struggle, but the police
interered and arrested twelve of the rescuers after
which they escorted the fugitive to prison. A
writ of hobeas corpus, returnable to Judge Allison
tomorrow morning, has been served ON Marshal
Yost.
The SPRING FAsHIoNS.-Thursdav was the "Open
ing Day. of the Spring Fashions in New York
The Times of yesterday says
Fashion produces this a very pretty and
most sensiblelookiDg covering for the head in lieu
OF the useless little things which have been hereto
fore in vogue, and SAYS "Ths is my choice; YOU
must wear it, whereupon some ladies delight
ed, and some others are ready to weep. They re-
gard the new bonnets more in anger than in sorrow
but time will soOthe them into compliance with the
general fashion, and all will be we'll
As to the fashions of the modStes there is not so
much noise in that quarter. In the dressmaking
rooms all is smiling and peaceful serenity over the
tounced robes, which are the feature in Spring
silks The plain skirt and the founced skirt will
be worn, but the hounces have the largest choice
The corsage for this season will be round-points
being exclusively confined to evening dresses
very pretty sleeve, which is entirely new and very
stylish, is the "leaf seeve;" it is very wide, and
the bottom is curved, to represent the curving in
the oak-leaf
The cape is the same, and both are ornamented
with pufed silk trimming edged with narrow
black lace. 1t is gathered in large box-pleats into
the arm, and forms very pretty sleeve. The cor
sage which accompanied this sleeve was made half
high, with broad collar of the silk turned back
and trimmed to match the sleeve. This is a novel
pattern, but the favorte mode for home and PRONE
made is the high-necked, round corsage. There are
a variety of pretty sleeves, the capuchns and
the half-coat sleeve being among the prettiest-
Some modisteS tried to introduce the narrow gored
skirt and fitting sleeve this season. but the eff
fort, happily for taste and beauty, failed. For
promenade mantles, the Empress corsayne and the
Patti shawl seem to be the iavorites The Patti
shawl is made of rich black silk, flowing pattern
having a double point behind; they are variously
trimmed. Flounces will be so much worn this sea
not large, and sets out pretty, giving full scope
the dress. For promenade, the favorite coors this
season will be chaste tints-sver-gray, drab, mode |
and other quiet colors. The chimes are particu- |
lary gray. For evening toilet light colored chimes