Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1860-07-04
SPEECH
uEI OQIl1oFa dtLf8FtIf
Hon, Charles Sumner,
Bin fsr the Admission Of 'IEansas a. FRYE
Stute.
liz THR D. S. SENATE JuNE, 4, 1860.
SPEECH
IN THE U. 5. sFEATr JuEE 4, 1850.



liz THE D. s SENATE, JUNE 4, 1860
CoHhHRed, -,
These manifestations arc not without prototype ia
the history of the Ant-Slagery IN other ooun
! tries Eram tho heginning, slave. nastern have en-
/ eouptored argpment By brutality and yiolenca. Il
We go back % the earliest VI Ahnlitonisis tho won
aorln pprtuEese preacher, Nnyra We ahall hnd thni
his maichloss eloquenep and unqnestiohod roiy al
not ave hipl fgnm pdignity Amor sermon expos,
inF slavery IN 4lTaEil, he a. seized aud imprlsons
Fhilc QUE OF the principle slaycmastors asked him
IN Wnckerl, who're weFt an his ohruina and an hi,
gunns noWr &c they cunld NOT deliver MN, hi M. e
ircmiyt lie was Of the Catholic church Rut IN
spirit q slavery Is tho same in an churches re
thalkles, while ON a visit 10 harhadues, hayinf
rge9uaiaepded 81 charity y slaves, Without pro
urst mot by disturbance la thc Meeting, tid amer.
warts ON the highway and Ia opou day, was hrcd
ing-piece loaded with small shot, TN OF which made
mari and several drew bloVd.N Even In England
spirit appeared. Willeri0rce, who represented ths
cause ot abo4uoa In Rarlianent, was threatened
e ne same eause hcoin te people, WIS assaulted by
the iniuriaie slaye-traders, and narrowly escaped
being hustled iuto the dock aud Rossoe, the accom-
bis scat IN larliamout whcro hs hnd sienaEet him.
self g. an opponent Of thu chs sare trade, was met
posed Of PERSONS Interested IN this traffic, armed
with tnirss qsd bad0epHs the distinctive arguments
And Ia the FrOo Stats the partisans Of slave
~ have irpm the beginning aeui under the inspira-
liou of vlalenee The demon Of slavery has entered
uto thcm aud under its Influence they hayr behaved
like slave masters, Public mpetinCs for the Discus
s,i of slavery have heen Interrupted; public halls
dedicated 90 its discussion have been destroyed or
burned 20 the ground In all our pupulOus cities the
nssiilcl precisely la the slave states. In Boston,
Garrsun, pleing for tho slave was dgy,gged through
ihr sirro,s With halter about his neck, aud in I'm
tSa, m1t f6S iSFmSr ~ yet lives s'S g. spE SSs sSS r
hms,t while the latter lives Ia his eloquent brother
Tue representative ir0u Illinois IN the other House
Thus does slavery show Ia natural iI'iuenoe even at
Nor In the slave States Is thi. spirit eousued to
The ut0rgsks of mere lawlnssncss. Too strong for
restraint Il hnis no limitations except in its own
anu ~ ogeldi acts does its bidding Here again the
instances are numerous might dwell the deg
lsasSgn 9i t tee Eest ohlee when Us official head
themselves should be ri6ed. I might dwell also on
the SLAVE States generally aud even here m the Dis
trict ot Columbia, are not allowed TO testif where
white man ls in qPPegsti9n, and who now ~ several
States ar me2aeed ly Legislative act with the alter
natNU Of expulsion from their homes or Of reduction
70 slavery. But pass N once 20 two illustrative
transactions, which, as a sou Of Massachusetts,,
l. The hrst relates 10 citizen, Of Pprost lie and
consplcuOus place In the history Of Freedom, VIII
liam Lloyd Garrison. hoTn. IN Massachusetts, bred
20 The same profession with Benjamin Franklin, and
like his great predecpssor becOmmg an editor, he
with Instructive ccarness the wrong Of slavery
and at the period when the arJoFs Of the Missouri
question had given way 10 indifference throughout
the North, he stepped forward 70 denQunCe it. The
jail at Baltimore where hc then resided was his
earliest reward. AfervUutsr January lst, 1881, he
published the first number 0fthe LiheTatOr, inscrib
ing for his motto am utterRnce Of Christian phan-
are AL mankind, aud declaring IN the face OF sur
rounding apathy, am in earnest wall not
eQnlN9caiei Wlll not Tetrunt 2 single inch, and
VIII BE- heard. In this sublime spirit he COM
menced his lahors for the slave, proposing inter
Vention BY Congress IN the States and ON wel-Con-
sidered principles avoiding all appeals to che bond
men themselves; such Was his simple aud thor
piration Of the first year the Legislature Of Georgia
by solemn act, copy Of which l have now before
sppropriated $500 TO 30 paid 10 Hpy rsrson Who
shall arrest bring 20 trial, and prosecute 90 cOnyic-
ion under the laws Of this state, the editor ur pub
Usher Of certain paper called the lihgTator, pub
shed at the town Of Boston, aud state of MRssachu
sets" This infamous legislative act touching .
aud IN no way amenehle 10 is laws, constituted
plain 1ribe g ihe eqngs OF kidnaPpers engendered
and decency the slaye-masters inaugurated the sys
TEN ofvi0ence by which they have sought 20 crush
every Foce that has lgen raised against slavery
. Here is another illustration Of different char
actsr Free persons ofeolorc o Massachusetts
aud according 70 the Institutions Of this Common
wealth cntited 70 eqpal privileges with other czeps
DEN BENG IN seTSief ss hnS,S' and 5Gnehing az the
seized, and with allegation against them except
Of entering this port in the discharge Of their right
fol business have been cast into prison. aud there
detained during the tplav Of The vessel This was
by virtue Of statute Of South Carolina passed IN
ls, which further declares that in the failure OF
the captain TO pay the eNp0uses, these tregmen
shall b. seized and taken absolute slaves" " one
moety Of the proceeds Of the sale 70 belong 10 The
sheriff Against all remonstrance-aEa the OIL
cial opinion o. Mr.. Wirt Attorney General of the
Uated States, declaring it
the solemn judgment Of Mr. Justice johnson, Of the
Supreme Court OF the United States, himEelfa slave
master and citizen Of South Carolina, also pronounc-
ing it unconstltutiQnal-this statute, which Is an
obvious INJURY 70 the northern ship-oWners- as II
an outrage to the mariners whom il seizcs, has
But this IS not ali Massachusetts in order 10
obtain for her citizens that protection which was
Of South Carolina 20 act as her agent for this
purpose and 10 bring suits in the Circuit Court Of
the United states IN order 70 try the constitutional
ity Of ths pretensian. Owing 20 the sensibility Of
the people In that State, this agent declined % ren
der this simple service Massachusetts next selected
ne Of her own sons, a venerable citizen, who had
lready served with honor in the other House of
-onEfess, and who was Of admitted eminenoe ~ a
awyer, the Hon. Samnel HOar, Of Concord, 20 visit
hareston, aud 70 DO what the agent first appointed
ad shrunk from doing. This excellent gentleman,
eloved By all who knew him, gentle in manners a.
haf was IN if a lettsr I'll r,c,ln arrived
Charleston, 0mpauicd only by his dnughter.- =
traghtway all South Carolina was conyulsed. Ac-
ording to story IN Boswell's johnson, all the in
ahitait7 at st. kilda, remOta island Of the He
brides, IN the approach OF a stranger, " catch
colds but in South Carolina Il Is fever that they
"catch." The Governor &C the time, who was no
other than one of her present Senators, Mr. Ham
mond,) made his arrival the subject of n special
message 10 the Legislature, which now have be-
fore mo. The Legislature all " caught the iaver,
and swiftly adopted resolutions calling upon - His
tho said agent, after due noticp 10 depart, and
promising 10 sustain the Executive authority In
any measure IL may adopt for the purposes aiore-
Meanwhile the FEVER ragged in Charleston The
agent Of Massachusetts was first accosted in the
street 0y person unknown % INN, who flourish
a bludgeOn In his hamu-the bludgeOn always shows
bad better be travelling and the the better for
you, can tell you, If you stay here until Tomorrow
morning, you will feel something You will not like,
m thinking" Next came threats Of an attack
during the following night the Hotel in which be
was lodged then request nun tue landord that he
Should qut IN order To preserve the Hotel ITSELF from
the impending danger Of an infuriate mob; then q
committee Of slave masters who politely proposed to
pie errand Of good will this venerable publicseryan
whose appearance alppe-like that Of the grave and
/ pious man. mentioned by Yirgil-would have soft
sned any mob not inspired by slavery, Yielded to al
eactment propOsed-precisely as the prisoner yields
/ a person in the crowd was heard to offer himself a,
'the leader Of and eathar gang, be called in
to the service OF the city on the occasion" Nor i
/ this all Tho legislature senond time caught
the Fever, and yielding 70 its influence, passed an
other statute i9rhdding under severe penalties any
20 befriend those colored mariners, and under pen
alties seyerer still extending even TO Imprisonment
for lie, prohibiting any persen oh his own behal
come within stitf taroiina for this pnrpose; AMI
then, 70 complete its work, the Legislature tOeh
away the writ Of haboas corpus from all such mar
| iners;
documents. / do not ndduce il now for criticism
but simply 20 enroll II IN all lis stages beginning
tnuing in Violence and ending In yet other preten
| siOnE-amOng the special instances where tho bar
] barism Of slavery stands confessed even in Oiciu
| conduct. And yet this transaction, which may wei
/ give TO South Carolina the Character Of shOrj
/ ''where shpwr0cked mariners d. cad &c land,' hai
been openly yindicated In all is details from begin
/ ming to end BY beth the Senators from South Caro-
/ lima, while one Of them, Mr.. Hammond In thi
same breath has borne hisfestimouy from persona
/ knowledge to the character Of the public ngen
] thus maitroated. saying, "hg pleasant, kind
] old gentleman, and I had sort Of friendship fO
I him during the short time sat near him in Con
gress" l"- . "-..-
Thus, sur, whether we look at individuals or at th
] community where slavery eNiats, at mWless out
breaks or az official Condact, slRve-masters are al
ways the same. Enough, you will say, has beer
said. Yes, enough ~ eXpOee slavery but not enough
| foI truth. The most Instructive and most greyou
still remains Il Is the exhibition Of slave-mastori
I IN Congressional history, OF course, the represen
tatiYe reflects the character ns well as the pQntce
/ opinions Of the constituents whose will Il Is m
/ boast 20 obey II mliowfi that the passions am
habits Of siavenastef are naturally represented ~