Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1860-02-23

EUROPEAN AFFA1Rs-THE EMPERoR AND THE
PoPE-FREE TRADE.-It would seem IS though Louis
Napoleon were bound to sgnaize the beginning of each
year by some striking movement something hardly an
ticpated Before the year opened European Congress
was regarded as one of the fixed facts while at the same
time the bands were apparently becoming drawn much
more closely between France and Austria her late an
tagons while the entente eordale between France and
England was very much weakened. Suddenly, however
the relative position of things appears to have changed
The alliance between England and France is made much
more intimate by ola treaty which measur
ably at least establishes free trade between the two
tries The following stated to be the main provisions
of this treaty, so far as France is concerned =
On after July next the import duties cotton
wool will be suppressed English coal and coke will be
next duty of francs will be substituted for the acu
al duty ron From December next duties machinery
will be diminished. From January 1861. the sugar duty
will be reduced. From june 1861 prohibitions of the i'm
portatons of threads and hemp will be replaced by duty
not exceeding thirty cent and from October 1861 all
remaining prohibitions will be abolished
The European Congress is indefinitely postponed and
Louis Napoleon agrees with England in opposing ally
armed intervention for the purpose of restoring the Ia
ian Dukes, reinforcing the temporal power of the
Pope over his revoted provinces. Not long since he
wrote letter to Pope Plus, in which he advised his
Holiness to give up his claimOn the revoed States of
the Church.
Since that His Holiness has come out with encyclical
letter. the latter part of which reply to the letter of
Napoleon, and the advice contained in it. After remark
ing that it impossible for him to remain SILENT after
such advice, His Holiness says:
We hasten to reply to the Emperor, and in the
apostolic liberty of soul clearly and openly declare
to him that could IN no manner adhere to that counsel
because considering dignity and that Of the Holy See
it attended with nsurmOuntabe difficulties, and cOnsid
eng sacred character and the rights of this See
which do not belong the dynasty of Royal family but
to all Catholics. And the time declare that
could not surrender what does not belong to and that
perfectly understood that the victory which might be
corded the revoed of the Emilia would be stimuant
to commit the attempts the native and foreign dis
tbers OF the other provinces when they should witness the
of the rebels And among other things
be made known the that cannot abdicate
the aforesaid provinces of Pontcla domnons without
without doing injury all Catholics and finally without
weakening the rights not only of the Princes of Italy who
have been unusy despoed of their domains but also
all the Princes of the Christian universe who could not
with the introduction of certain most perncous
principles"
His Holiness then goes declare his readiness su
fer the severest trials his anguish at the dan
Writings menace each day more deporaby piey the
gon the faith and IT, purity of moras exhorts those
Catholic Church and the HOW See as we'll as the mante
of the civil of the See of the patrmony
and concludes by Gxorng them to offer
The ency clical letter bears date the 18th ult.
Almost simultaneously with this the Universe,
strong uramonane paper is suppressed for its too great
freedom of remark in commenting upon the relations be-
tween the Emperor and the Pope, and on the 3Oth
January the Constitutional came out with most strk
ing article bearing most evidently the impress of the
Emperial dictaton,
quotes article l. of the organic law which regulates
the relations of France with the Court of Rome &c fol-
lows -
No bull, BRIEF rescript, decree, mandate, provision
signature serving provision other documents (rpe
dltOS) from the Court of Rome when only
private individuals may be received printed other
ment.'
The Constitutional goes on to animadvert with
good deal of bitterness upon the whole encyccal letter.
especially its reference to the princess of Italy "Is it
not sad,' says the Constitutional
A" TIC grave document that which we speak
the eternal of the Chu1ch mixed with and lowered
by interests little worthy of it, and socated with the
fortunes of those Princes whO in Italy, only maintained
themselves by the of Austria and could not return
there except at her back p
We should pity French Catholics who could feel the
bad position assumed by the Papacy coming forward to
store against the popular will Princes who having fallen
SofernO had other refuge than the of
Austria This position deceves hopes of all those who
prestige of his political power in his union with regenerated
Italy"
1t is perfectly plain that the chances of the Italian
Princes to be restored very SLIM so far as they de-
pend upon the Emperor of France.