The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-10-03

States-The Osfeat or L1m0rfcisre.
The arrival Of the North American at Father
Point and the Canada of Cape Race, with three
days later news, confirms the report of Gene
ral Lamoriciere's total rout by the Sardinians.
The Papal commander had shut himself up in
Ancona, where he was besieged by General
Cialdini, and would no doubt be shortly COM
PEELED to capitulate. With his surrender the
revolution In the States of the Church would
be complete, nothing then remaining to be &C
complished but the settlement of the conditions
on which the Pope Is to be allowed to retain
possession of Rome. Although this has been
guaranteed both by France and Sardinia, 1t is
not to be supposed that the rights Of its inhabi-
tants will be overlooked in the arrangement
No settlement can be regarded as permanent
which continues the same despotic system of
government over one portion Of the Pope's sub
jects that has been successfully repudiated by
the rest. Whilst, therefore, the nominal sove-
reignty of the Pontif will be maintained,
the changes suggested in the French Emperor's
confederation project will undoubtedly be
carried out. The inhabitants of Rome, al
though still compelled to acknowledge the
head of the Church as their titular ruler, will
have their liberties placed under such NUM-
cipal guarantees that it will be out of the
power Of the priesthood to again enslave them.
This, under the peculiar circumstances in which
they are placed, is the only possible solution
caused more difficulty and embarrassment than
any of the other Issues that have arisen in
connection with the political regeneration of
Italy.
1t is stated that efforts were being made by
the Sacred College to induce the Pope to aban
don his capital and seek refuge in Spain or
Austria. We know no more suicidal step that
he could take. Should he quit Rome at pre-
sent we can promise him that he will never re-
enter it. Were he to do so he would find him
self at once reduced to the status Of the Greek
and Armenian patriarchs, and deprived Of all
political consideration whatsoever. Far better
would ii be for him to accept the po-
sition which the French Emperor has projected
for him. He would then still occupy
the rank of a European prince, with
the capital of the world as his residence, and
an adequate revenue guaranteed to him by the
Catholic Powers. If Plus be not utterly bereft
of worldly sagacity he will not reject these ad.
vantages to trust himself to the precarious
bounty Of sovereigns who may be themselves
exiles from their dominions before the revolu-
tionary changes which are at present sweeping
over the Continent are brought to stand.
These events in the Ponti6cal States have re-
neved Garibaldi from his pledges to the Roman
people, and enabled him to concentrate his en-
ergies on the preparations for bis threatened
descent upon Venice. If the statements that
reach us be not exaggerated, he will very soon
be at the head Of an army of 100000 men, with
feet of some five hundred vessels. Now, al
though Austria has assembled an immense mill
tary force in Venice, measured against such re-
sources as these, and located in the midst Of
hostile population, 1t Is easy to see that the
odds are not so largely In her favor. Whatever
advantage she may have In numbers will be
more than compensated for by the enthusiasm
of the lberating force and the magical
influence of Garibaldi's name. Although
the resolutions Of the German Diet and the re.
cent understanding with Prussia protect her
against Intervention by France, there IL no
such pledge Of aid against danger caused by
her own continued harshness towards the We.
netians. 1t Is exceedingly doubtful whether,
with the large invading force which Garibaidi
will now hare under his command she will be
able to hold Venice against him. The fears
hat she must entertain upon this point, as we'll
As her misgivings In regard to Hungary, may
induce her to lend favorable ear to the sug.
gestion made to her by the other European 60
vernments, that she should sell Venice to Sar.
DINA, and thus get rid Of a fruitful source Of
danger, whilst at the same time she would re-
crnit her exhausted finances. II would be q
happy thing for the peace of Europe, for the
consolidation Of the new born institutions Of
Italy, and for the interests of Austria herself
were Francis Joseph to be thus advised II Is
certainly the only effectual barrier that be can
oppose to the revolutionary tide that will
sooner or later overwhelm him.
The Pennsylvania Election ON Tuesday
Next.
OF all the investigations which occupied the
time Of the Congressional Committees during !
the last session-which might well'be called an
Investigating session, for Congress did little
more than exhibit the dirty linen Of all parties
TO the public-there was not one which elected |
more extraordinary Developments than the cele-
orated Covode Committee, as to the corruption |
md meanness Of the politicians and the press
II Pennsylvania. The amount Of petty, misery |
conduct the grasping after money, and the
liter disregard Of all principle and decency,
which the evidence before that committee fast
med upon the newspapers and politicians Of
he Key Stone State, Is almost without parallel. /
Nor was the exposure confined to one party |
alone-it showed all parties to be alike rotten
md corrupt
Here was Forney Of the Press, TO whom |