New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-11-23

SItb~r east TO Turkey or China. Where WIN you
following the sun in its circuit round our gope, e.,
a Government that better protects the hoele' W
ao,Io and secnrcs 10 them the blessings we ENJOY
fArulaufel ink that one OF the evlls .hae pree
"a Il surfet of liberty, an exuberance OF yne Pd
blei sings for which we are ungiateiui; we n' 49,,
a., my Honorable friend who addressed you lasl hlgut
~ III onbsl 40 he recounted the evils Of this Gov
m fret was the fishing bouniies paid mostly TO the
failcrs # New England. Our rlend tla.es .l -,
Jolt wears of our Government was under the himii5
ration of Southern Presidents Wei, these hshug
bcuntes began under the rule OF southern
leEeve. No one OF them during the Wh.,1 lol;y
ioit veors ever set il administration agast the PIN
lille or policy Of them II is not for me TO say whetner
il was wise policy in the beginning u pro0a1iy wac
rot md have nothing TO say IN Its deiense bul tue
given for it was to encourage o sG ha5 or the
liz but a small navy. Ii was thought best 20 en-
courage a class of people TO become acquainted WIN
seafaing life; TO become saors; to man our nava
sls Il requires practice Tue deSS % INK INK
II mast. and II was thougtsE Offering this bounty
nursery might he formed in which young men would
become perfected in these arts, and applied 10 one
section of the country as well az to any other.
The esut of this was that in the war OF 1872 our
sailors many of whom came from this nursery, were
equal to any that England brought against us. AT any
| rate, snail part OF the glores OF that war Were
gained by the veteran of America, and the object
of there bounes to foster that branch OF the ma
tiona defense My opinion IL that whatever may have
been the fret this bounty ought 10 be dScon
tjnu.d-the reason for il at first longer exists.
bill for this object did para the Senate the last Congress
| | was in TO which my honorable friend contributed
greatly but not reached IN the House OF Repre-
5ontatives trust that he Will yet see that he may
with bOrOr continue his connection with the Govern
ent and bet his eloquence, unrvaled IN the Senate
may hereafter IA heretofore, be displayed in having
liz bounty so obnoxious to him, repealed and wiped
OF from the statute-book.
Tie, next evil that my fIi.nd complained of the
Tariff Well let US look at that or moment. About
| tie time l commenced noticing public Matters this
question agitang the country almost as fearfuly
Of The slave question is. In 1882, when was IN
college South Carolina was ready TO nufy or secede
| from the CIon on this account. And what have we
scent Tie Tariff longer distracts the public coun-
| ellis. Reason has tliumpbed! The present ta1h Was
voted for by Massachusetts, and South Carolina. The
lion and the lamb lay down together-every in the
Senate end House from Massachusetts and South Caro-
lina think voted for it, did my honorable friend
lmself. And if ii be true, to the figure Of speech
of nv honorable friend, that every man in the North
that works in iron aud brass and wood has his muscle
strengthened by the protection Of the Government that
stiuulaut given by his vote end believe every
| other Southern man. So ought not to complain Of
| that.
] Mr. ToonBs-The Tariff assessed the duties.
| Mr.. STLPHEss-Yes, and Massachusetts, with una
nity voted with the South to lessen them and they
were ade int AZ low Southern men asked them to
be- ard that is the rates they are now At Ii reason
and argument with experience produced such changes
| in the sentiments Of Massachusetts from 1882 To 1884,
on the subject of the Tariff may not like changes be
| affected there by the same means-reasen and argu-
ment and appeals 10 patriotism on the present yexed
Quettion and who say that by 1875 1890 Massa
| chusetts may not vote with South Carolina and Ge0r
la upon all those questions that now distract the
country, and threaten it, peace and existence. be-
leve in the power and efficiency of truth, in the
Impotence OF truth, and iis ultimate triumph when
| properly welded. lApplause.
Another matter Of grievance alluded to by my honora
| BE friend was the navigation laws This policy
also commenced under the Administration Of one of
these Southern Presidents who ruled so well and has
been continued through all Of them since The GENTLE
mans views Of tie policy of these laws and my
do not diflgree We occupied the ground in
laton to them in Congress. 1t is not my purpose to
defend them now. But IL proper 10 state some mat
| tiers connected with their origin.
One of the objects to build up a cOmmercal
American marine by giving American bottoms the
elusive carrying trade between own ports. This
| il great of national power. This object
accumulated We have now an amount of shipping,
not only coastwse, but to foreign countries which
puts in the front rank of the nations of the world.
England longer be styled the Mistress of the
| Seus. What American il not proud Of the result
Whether these laws should be continued is another
| question. But thing liz certain: no President,
Northern Southern, has ever yet recommended
tleir repeal Ard, my friends, efforts to get them
pesed were net with but little favor, North South.
| Thee, then, were tie true main grievances
grounds Of complaint against the general system of
| our Government and its workngs-I mean the admin
istIation Of the Federal Government As to the acts
of the Federal States, / shall speak presently, but
| these three the main used against the
mon head. Now suppose 1t 70 be admitted that all of
there evils in the SYSTEM do they oyerbalance and
outweigh the advantages and great good which this
| same Government afoNf in thousand innumerable
soGs ht grown h sss root s Ds
| and happy, nndeSs oI6aton Has any part of the
world shown such rapid progress in the develop
ment OF wealth, and all the material Of na-
tional power and greatness. the Southern States
have under the General Government, notwithstanding
| all its defects7
| Mr.. 1ooHBs-In spite of il.
Mr.. STEPHEss-hy honorable friend says we have,
in spite of the General Government that without il
suppose be thinks he might have done as well or per-
hgps better than We have done this in spite of IT, That
may be- ard il may be- but the great fact that we
have grown great and powerful under the Government
exists there II no conjecture speculation about
that stands out bold high and prominent like yolr
Store Mountain 10 which the gentleman alluded in IL
usTang home facts in biz record-this great fact of
uDriysled prosperity in the Union il If admitted
whether all this ie in spite Of the Government
whether # the South would have been better off
without the Cove mments 20 ray the least problem
atical. On the one side we can only put the fact
against specnlson and onjecture on the other But
question Of speculation differ with my dis
tinguisbed friend.
What We would have loet in border war; without
the Union what we have gained imply by tue peace
it has secured, estimate be made Of Our for
eign trade which ia the foundation of all prosper
ty, has the protection OF the Navy, which drove the
IiIaes from the WATERS near cost where they had
been buccaneering for centuries before aud might
have teen still had il not been for the American Navy
under the command Of such Spirits AZ Com. Porter.
Now that the is clear tLGt our commerce flows
freely outwardly we cannot well estimate how il
would have been under other circumstances The IN
uence Of the Government il like that of the at
mosphoTe around Its benefits are 10 silent and I'M
that tley seldom thought Of or appreciated
We seldom think Of the single element Of oxygen in
the air we breathe and yet let this simple unseen and
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