The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-01-02

nuo " ba'l tDe real anecuon which prevails AZ
the South for the African race existed among
the British artstocracy OF birth aud of wealth
for the men born around them with q skin
colored like their own.
The Rssiroaa I.tsrest 81 che Country
How Disu.ion Will Affect IL.
According 70 tho annual report Of the Nov
York Central Railroad for 1859, that Institution
has been doing marvellous busaess. II ap-
pears that Tor the last seven years the company
bas realized the enormous sum of forty. I've
millions and threequarters Of dollars from pas
seagers and freight; and that during the present
year no less than two millions two hundred
and forty thousand persons travelled over tho
road-moro than half the entire population Of
tho State-adording . total receipt, including
freight, OF six millions and quarter. Taking
he New York Central assa standard, (though IL
d, perhaps, the most profitable road in the
country) what IN immense railroad trafnc
there must be throughout tho whole Union.
Thoro are now Ia operation about two hundred
and forty railroads ia the Uaited States run
aiog Over twenty-five thousand miles, and tho
aggregate amount Of passengers travelling
over them annually must be nearly twcuty
millions; and the receipts cannot fall short Of
from two to three hundred millions These
facts prove what . locomotive people the
Americans are, travelling all ovor the couu-
uy-North, South, East and West-for business
aud pleasure, at such rate that almost half
the population il continually ia motion; aud it
proves, furthermore, that the railroad interest
is one Of the highest importance in the country
The railroad business, it must be remeu-
bered, To just such q one as depends entirely
for its prosperity upon the maiatensnce Of
union aud good feeling between all the differ
ent States. Destroy those sentiments of hsr-
mopy which bind the many into one, and
tho railroad inteiest must rapidly decline
The growth Of the prevalent sectional feeling
throughout The country threatens the most
direfui consequences to this Immense branch
Of the prosperity Of the Union, as we'll as to all
tho other interests witch contribute to place
this country in so exalted a position among the
nations Yet we see men foolish aud wicked
enough TO trife with and imperil the very
mainstay Of the We of the republic--the con-
cord and harmsuy which unite all sections in
one common aim and destiny.
At this moment we stand within view OF the
presaged ruin; bitter sectionaIism is rife
through the land; it teens in the national
councils, in the local legislatures, In the par
tean press, and in the pulpit Our present po-
sition admits of fair comparison With that OF
the Roman republic In days Of old, when at
times it was divided between two rival factions,
the patriclan and plebeisn; when disunion sen
timents ran so high that each party stood at
bay, and threatened to secede from the other,
and rend the republic In twain. But In these
eventful crises Roman virtue, and wisdom, and
patriotism, raised their voices above the tur-
moil Of seoionalism, and a compromise was
made which averted the impending disaster.
Some leading man in whom both parties could
place confidence was usually chosen to tho
Office of Dictator or some other controlling po-
sition, and harmony was restored. Let us
strengthen the analogy BY initiating the pru-
dence Of the Romans in this great emergency,
and unite upon such man for President Is
General Scott, whom the whole country honors
for his services and his wisdom, who is above
and outside all parties and factions, and who
will put sectionalsm to rout in every quarter
of the country.
New Revolutionary Element I'm
Cuba-Landcd Titles There TO he Over
hauled.
Among the recent official changes that have
been made in Cuba by the removal Of General
Concha and the advent OF General Serrano to
the government Of that important island, there
is one that seems to us pregnant with trouble
to the Cuban proprietors, and which may pos
sibly create new revolutionary excitement
in that island.
This is the appointment of an officer by the
Court Of Spain to examine into the titles of the
landed proprietors, and to set of and define
the lands supposed to belong to the crown.
Brigadier Pinzou has arrived from Madrid at
Havana. with authority to search the ar
chives of the government and the several
municipal corporations Of the island, for the
purpose of determining the extent of the grants
made in former ages TO private individuals.
When We take into consideration the fact that
none of these grants were made within the last
one hundred years, and that many of them
were made as long ago as the sixteenth cen-
fury, when the geography Of the country was
imperfectly knovA end little care was taken
in the specifca0no - courses and distances in
the surveys, it M readily be seen what field
for trouble and discomfort is about to be laid
open. This is still further increased by the
manner in which the old grants Of haciendas
were made by the Spanish authorities. Instead
Of adopting plan of survey, and granting
lands with defined boundary point only
was named, and the grant covered all the sur
rounding land within given radius from that
point
Three centuries Of quarrels and litigation
among the proprietors have in measure set
tied the boundaries between individual posses
sorS in the most populous parts of the country: