davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-05-18
Conscription in france.

The following account of the conscription in
France is from the England United Service
Magazine. 1t is in the way here described
that the vast army of France is repenislIcd.-
The military lottery occurs every year. The
annual contingent of troops levied thereby,
varies according to the necessity Of the state,
being in war times very high, and in peaceable
times comparatively low-at all times, how
ever, it amounts to at least twenty Thousand
men, that being the number who annually re.
ceive their dismission, their term of service
having expired a census of all the depart
ments is taken every year, and the number of
men required is divided in equal proportions
among all the provinces of the empire The
names of all the young men between the ages
of twenty and thirty, both years inclusive, are
then described on the conscription lists oftheir
respective localities, and every attempt to evade
conscription is punished by an imprisonment
of from one month to one year, while any one
aiding or abetting fugitive from the dreaded
ballot is liable to the same penalty Tne scene
which takes place at the drawing is one Of much
picturesque animation. Groups of the finest
youths of a wide neighborhood, with, generally.
their fathers and mothers, relatives and friends,
are assembled in the spacious hall of the town
house. The Mayors, Projects, and Sub-pre-
/ facts are there to receive them, with, usually
several officers quartered in the district On
every face there is an expression of hope and
/ fear, anxiety and excitement; and as each ad
vauces toward the fatal urn and draws the pa.
! per deciding his future destiny. all the specta
tors as well as the parties immediately concern
/ f1ol Ia
draw higher number than ofr,cruits required
are exempt while those who draw lower arc
condemned to serve their country as militarie;
for the space Of seven years. Some are ex
cmpted. These exceptions include all below
the height of five feet five inches all criminals
all who are the subject of any physical inca
pacity the eldest of orphans the only son
or eldest son, or grandson of widow, or of
father of seventy years of age certain classe
, of students in the public schools, including al
those who have carried off the great prizes 0
the institute, or OF the University. None, how
ever, are exempt from the ballot; all must az
/, pear and draw their lots, and this over, sue
: us have objections to urge send them 10 th
: : Council of Revision, which is appointed for til
purpose. Were it not for this close exalnin,
: ton many would evade the common nation,
responsibility, and some would intrude then
selves into the service whom the service woul
n otherwise reject. AS it is the instances al
is numerous of persons who mutillate themselv'
J. by chopping off finger, or who raise sores c
a their bodies by piercing their flesh and DRAWN
N strings through the wound, that they may
b reported by the medical inspectors infrm, al
unfit for military life
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-05-18
Management Of Horses.

Horses cannot receive too much care during
the winter, especially the latter part Of the
fOddering season yet Of all animals they Gre.
the most likely to be neglected by the f;lrmpr.
They require little different treatment from
other stock, and all owners of horses should
remember that those which are not worth VIM
tering we'll, are not worth wintering at ALL
and they should act accordingly.
Musty feed of any kind should never be fed
to horse, whether hay, straw, corn-fUdder or
grain. 1t is dear at any price for borse-feed.
Horses require daily supply of grain: And
what l consider an economical method of feed
ing is to cut feed-say nice oat or wheat straw,
with a little corn or oatmeal with it. To
those who are in the habit of feeding dry hay
without cutting. I would say get good straw
cutter and cut the hay quite fine or substi-
tutc straw for hay, using little more meal !;
moisten it with water and add corn or oat-
meal, thoroughly mixing it together, and occa-
sionaliy throw in a handful of salt, and you
will not only find it much cheaper, but you
will find your horses much improved in appear
anee by grazing time. Of course, it would be
necessary to regulate the quantity Of grain by
the size and condition of the animal, as horse
that is worked daily would require much more
food than one allowed to stand in the stable
Carrots are also an excellent winter feed fer
horses. They are most excellent for horses in
spring, as they possess the peculiar qualities
necessary to promote health and vigor in the
Animal during the period of the year when
there is no grazing. and after the animals have
been kepta long winter on dry food
All horses should be kept perfectly clean,
should be well bedded. and have as much pure
water as they wish. Horses require water of
tener than neat stock. The health and COM
fort of the horse is often much neglected.
One of the ways in which it is done, is proba-
bly, little considered Many owners Of horses
shut them up in a close, unventlated, and per-
haps dark stable, without its once occurring to
them that they are thus injuring the health
and destroying the comfort of their animals
At this season, as the weather grows warmer,
it would be well for many horses, and their
owners too, if they would see that their stables
are provided with means of ventilation, and
that every source Of pungent and foul smell be
removed as eiftctually as possible. BY thus
attending to the feeding and The comfort OF
horses, think the expense of wintering may
be reduced ut least oae-fourth, and they viii
look better in the spring, into the bargain.--
FRYE, Jr,, an tie Boston CultiUator.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-05-18
Setting Faroe Posts.

We have, all our lives, heard that fence
posts, when set in the ground, should be inyer-
ted from their growing position: that is, that
the butt end should be up aud the other down.
The suggestion is based upon the apparently
plausible theory that, being set in their natu-
raj position, water is more readily absorbed
into the sap vessels and decay hastened. We
do not know what the theory is worth but it
is little trouble to invert the posts, and it is
very well to give it fair trial Old as the
notion is, we do not know of any experiment
to test its value. The following we find COM
municated to the Geane$See Farmer and is the
nearest approach to it. Have any of our sub
scribers made like trial?
about thirty years ago. I, to test the thing
split two bar posts, side by side, out Of chest
nut log. They were eight feet long, eight
inches wide, and three thick. One ! set the
butt down, the other top down. AT the end
of ten years, the one set in butt down was rot
ted off, and | reset it in the same hole Al
the end of six years it was rotted Off again
and put in new one. The other lasted four
years longer, when it got split in two, and |
! took it out and it was about two-thirls rotted
Of Sixteen years ago, set six pairs of bar
posts, all split out of the butt cut of white
oak log. One pair set butts down, and The
others top down. Four years ago, those SCI
butts down were rotted of, and had TO be re
placed with uew ones This summer had oe
casioa to reset those that were sea top down
found them all sound enough to reset NJ,
experiments have convinced me that the bes
way is to set them tops down"
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-05-18
9ntat and domestic.
a " z 1 c u l tu L g .
Farmers Omnibus.

Farmers Omnibus.
The atoms contained in corn or wheat
plant, are adapted to form another plant of the
same kind, after the frst plant is decomposed
by rotting.
The carbon locked up in the form Of carbon
ate of lime, would cover the whole globe with
a stratem of pure coal four hundred feet deep
The stock Of available carbon in the soil is
continually consuming and renewing When
crops rot ou the ground, they renew their car
bon.
Sixteen parts oxygen, combined with six oi
carbon, form twenty-five parts carbonic acid.
this acid is formed by all decomposition 81
vegetable matter, fctrncntabc and breathing
When animals and plants arr. undergoing de
composition hydrogen combines with nitrogen
in proportion of three parts hydrogen to four
teen nitrogen, forming ammonia.
The first ten inches OF earth IS called soil
the next ten inches is called sub-soil. The
soil on an acre weighs one thousand tons of
this, four and hall per cent. hydrogen, one
and threefourths of one per cent. is oxygen,
and one fourth Of one per cent. is ammonia /;
or, putting it in weight, thirty-six tons carbon,
two tons hydrogen, twelve tons of oxygen,
two tons ammonia This is the analysis Of
good wheat land. One hundred parts of SOIL
give six thousand, seven hundred aud eighty
nine of dry combustibie mold.
One Thousand pounds of wheat yield twenty
four pounds Of nitrogen. In the formation OF
five tons Of clover, two hundred and forty
pounds of nitrogen are consumed.
Wheat straw yields only one eighth as much
nitrogen as wheat.
The proportions given above are not chenli-
caIly exact, but sufficiently SO for practical
purposes.
Before soil can produce good wheat or
or other crop. it must contain in an available
condition, every substance consumed or reqHi-
red in forming the stems aud seeds of the plant.
If the fertility of the land depended on the
amount of vegetable matter in the soil, then
black muck would be the best for wheat, IN
stead Of the poorest.
Light, sandy soils, almost destitute of mold,
have been made to produce good crops of
wheat and corn, by the application of plaster
and lime. This shows that the plants can
draw oxygen, hydrogen aud carbon from the
atmosphere.
There Is probably, not at atom on the face
of the globe capable of organization, that has
not, many times, been endued with vitality.
Ammonia is worth ten cents pound for
making wheat
Sixty-seven per cent. of the ash of The straw
of wheat, rye, oats, barley, maize. and sugar
cane, is pure flint. ,es
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-05-18
PovERrY NOT so GREAT A CURSE.

IF there is anything in the world that
yourg man should be more greatful for than
another, it is the poverty which necessitated
his starting in life under very great disadvan-
tages. Poverty is one of the best tests of hC-
man quality in existence. A triumph over it
is like graduating with honor from West Point.
It demonstrates stuff and stamina. 1t is a GER
ti1cate of worthy labor credibiy performed
A young man who cannot stand this test is not
good for anything. He can never rise above
drudge or pauper. A young man who can
not feel his will harden as the yoke of poverty
presses upon him, and his pluck rise with every
difficulty poverty throws in his way, may as
well retire into corner and hide himself
Poverty saves thousand times more men than
it ruins for it only ruins those who are not
particularly worth saving, while it saves multi
tudes of those whom wealth would have ruined.
If any young man who reads this is so unfor-
tunate as to be rich, | give him my pity. 1
pity you, my rich young friend, because you
are in danger. You lack one great stimulus
to effort and excellence, which your poor COM
panion possesses. You will be very apt if you
have a soft spot in your head, to thank your
self above him, and that sort of thing makes
you mean, and Injuries you. With full pockets
and full stomach, and good linen and broadcloth
on your back, your heart and soul plethoric, in
the race of life you will find yourself surpassed
by all the poor boys around you, before you
know it.
No, my boy, if you are poor, thank God and
take courage, for he intends to give you
chance to make something Of yourself If you
had plenty of money, ten chances to one it
would spoil you for all useful purposes. Do
you lack education? Have you been cut
short in the text book Remember that ed
ucation like some other things does not consist
in the multitude of things u man possesses
What can you do? That is the question that
settles the business for you. Do you know
your. business ?? Do you know men. and how
to deal with them? Has your mind, by any
means whatever, received that discipline which
gives to it action, power and facility? If so.
then you are more man, and thousand times
better educated than the fellow who graduated
from college with his brains full of stuff that
he cannot apply to the practical business of
life-stuf the acquisition of which has been in
no sense disciplinary process so far as he is
concerned. There are very few men in this
world less than thirty years of age, and unmar-
ried, who can afford to be rich. One of the
great benefits to be reaped from great financial
disasters in the saving of a large crop ofyoung
men.-1imothy Tucolab.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-05-18
Remedy for Plant Lies.

Mr.. z. G. Mygatt, Of Illinois, offers the fol-
lowing remedy for plant lice, SO destructive in
the early part of the season in the green house
as well as out Of it. We commend it to our
friends for trial -.
If you have any species of the aphis ia
your nursery, please make 4 trial of the follow.
ing decoction Get from 4 druggist u b. of
Quassia, boil it fifteen minutes in six quarts Of
water; pour off the decoction into dish pan
with handles. When cool get an assistant to
hold the pan while you carefully bend down.
and immerse the Misunderstanding them liz.
tie motion to wet al the insects. Look, at
your trees two days after and if aphides are
dead, and the tender shoots uuinjured, use and
recommend the quassi, and let tie whale oil
soap perform some other Office. 49,.
For young and tender buds or gratis ]. use
the spray from nearly spent syringe, where
it il not safe to bend them over the pan" -,
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-05-18

The following recipe for preserving boquets
for an indefinite period, may be pseiul 10 our
lady Readers. When you sathpr bpquet
sprinkle it lightly with fresh water; then, put
It into vessel containing some soap. slds,
which nuirlly the roots and keep the .fowers
as bright as new. Take the boqnet out of
snds every morning, aud lay it sideways, the
stock entering first into the yater-keep it
there minute or two then take it out and
sprinkle the flowers lightly by hand with wa--
ter, Replace in the soap suds, and it viii
bloom as fresh as when first gathered. The
soap suds need changing every thfee or, four
days.
By observing these rules, boquet can be
kept bright and beautiful at least month,
and will lust etill longer in q very passabIe
state. But the attention Of the fair bnt frail
creatures, as directed above, must be strictly
observed, or the last rose of summer win not
be left fading alone, but all will perish.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-05-18
IMPORTANCE OF GoeD HABITS.

= Man, it has been said, is a bundle of habits;
and habit is second nature. Metastasio cnter-
tanned so strong an opinion as TO the power of
repetition in act and thought, that he said,
"All is habit in mankind even virtue itself.
Butler, in his Analogy" impresses the impor-
lance of careful selfdiscipline, and firm resis-
tance to temptation, as tempting to make vir
G tue habitual, so that at length it may become
more easy to be good than to give way to sin.
AS habits belonging to the body" he says,
''are produced by external acts. so habits of the
mind are produced by the execution of inward
practical purposes, T. e., carrying them into act,
or acting upon them-the principles of obe-
dience, veracity, justice, and charity And
again, Lord Brougham says, when enforcing
: the Immense Importance of training and ex-
ample in youth, Il trust everything under God
to habit, on which, in all ages, the lawgiver as
well as the school master. has mainly placed
his reliance habit, which makes everything
easy, and casts the difficulties upon the devia-
ton from wonted course" Thus makes so
briefly habit, and intemperance will be hate
full make prudence a habit, and reckless pro-
higacy will become revolving to every principle
of conduct which regulates the life OF the in
: diyidual. Hence the necessity of the greatest
care and watchfulness against the inroad of
any evil habit for the character is always
weakest at that point at which it has one given
way and it is long before principle restored
can become so firm as one that has never been
moved. 1t is a fine remark of a Russian wri-
ter, that "habits are necklace of perils; unite
the knot, and the whole unthreads." Where
ever formed, habits acts involuntarily, and with
out effort; and it is only when you oppose il
that you find how powerful it has become
What is done once and again, soon gives facili
ty and proneness. The habit at first may seen
to have no more strength than spiders web
but once formed. it binds as with a chain o
iron. The small events of life, taken singly
may seem exceedingly unimportant, like snov
that falls silently, fake by flake; yet accumu
lated, these snow-fakes form the avalanche
Self-respeet, selfhelp, application, industry
integrity-all are of the nature of ha
bits, not beliefs. Principles in fact, are bu
the names which we assign to habits /; for tn
principles are words, but the habits are th
things themselves benefactors or tyrants al
cording as they are good or evil. 1t thus haI
pens that as we grow older, portion of OF
free activity and individuality becomes suspend
ed in habit /; our actions become of the natul
Of fate, and we are bound by the chains whic
we have woven around ourselves.-Samu
SmlIes.
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-05-18

to the kitchen the supplies that she turned out,
while Mrs. Ward busted herself in quietly
sorting and arranging, in the best possible
travelling order, the various contributions that
were precipitately launched on the floor.
Aunt Hitty soon appeared in the kitchen
with an armful Of stockings, which, kneeling
on the Aoor, she commenced counting and lay
ing out.
There she said, laying down large bun
die on some blankets, that leaves just two pair
apiece all around"
La ~ said John, s;what's the use of saving
two pair for me? can do with one pair as
we'll as father"
'Sure enough" said the mother besides,
can knit you another pair in day"
"And L can do with one pair, said Dick.
"Y ours will be too small, young master,
guess" said one of the commissioners.
No" said Dick 4 got pretty good foot
of my own, and Aunt Hitty viii always knit
my stockings to long, cause she says grow
so. See here, these viii do" and he shook
his triumphantly,
And mine, too, said Grace, nothing doubt
ing, having been busy all the time in pulling
Off her stockings.
Here" she said to the man who was pack
ing the things into a wide mouthed sack !;
'heres mine" and her large blue eyes looked
earnestly through her tears.
Aunt Hitty few at her. Good land the
child's crazy. Don't think the men could
wear your stoehngs-take 'em away '
Grace looked around with an air of utter
desolation and began to cry. 4 wanted to
give them something" said she, I'D rather go
barefoot on the snow all day than not send
anything
"Giyc me the stockings my child" said the
old soldier tenderly. "There, I'll take em,
and show em to the soldiers, and tell EN- what
the little girl said that sent them. And it
will do them as much good as if they could
wear them. They've got little girls at home,
too. Grace fell on her mothers bosom com
pletely happy, and Aunt Hitty only mrttcred:
Everybody does Spite that child and no
wonder neither!''
Soon the old sleigh drove off from the brown
house, tightly packed and heavily loaded. Ard
Grace and Dick were creeping up to their lit
tie beds
"There has been something put on the alter
of Liberty tonight, hasn't there Dick p
''Yes. indeed, said Dick; and, looking up
to his mother, he said but mother, what
did you give %
q ?" said The mother, musingly.
Yes, you mother; what have you given to
the country? ?"
''All that have dears,' said she laying her
hands gently on their heads-"my husband
aud my children ~
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-05-18
II ortic uItural.
prstectiOn 70 Grape Vines.


Our notice Of the fact that the cold had des-
troyed the grape buds induced many to exam
Inc their vines to their SORROW That the in
jury is general throughout this region we find
confirmed on every side. The questions may.
now be pressed VIII it pay to protect our,
hardy vines? and what protection do they
need A hasty glance at the vines Of our
TREND and correspondent, Col Dewey, enables
US TO answer: II one year in ten Only Is So,
severe on the vines, ii is worth While to give
them the protection Of laying them down, coli
cd little together ana 5orac brush and rub
biSh thrown over them. Aside from the ,,ro.
lection 10 the vines, they win not " kin back
The practice viii lend to fail pruning, and
vines will set less bulky; they viii be more jtt
diciously pruned, and much more conveniently,
as one may have his choice betweeu pruning
on the treis OF the ground. The Colonel yery
simply laid them together upon the ground,
and "a very little light rubbish thrown over
them. They are leaing out beautifully. We
roticed hardly blasted bud, even to the tips
of some which had made quite long growth,
which had been left to layr A single ine or.
two Of one hardy native was near and uuprc-
tected, had suffered thoroughly, the buds being
all blasted. The list of grapes hardy without
protection, is reduced to zero in our opinion.
The number of varieties which are thus hardy
with the slightest protection, upon the Ground,
arc quite numerous, Judging from those Of
Col. Dewey, which embrace many of the most
highly recommended Of the new grapes, besides
the older cnes-tIomeStead -A 40
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-05-18
TIE EDITOR.

Everybody known how news papers should
be edited, but it so happens that the number
who succeed in editing is very small indeed
Robert Chambers, one Of the most successful
editors, who, for so many years has conducted
the renowned Journal which bears his
name, very justly remarked that the editor,
like the poet, must be born not made and
that the chief duty of ag able editor is not SO
much in putting things in his paper, as in
keeping things out There lies the grand Sc
cret,
Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-05-18
nNWRITTEN POETRY.

1t is stamped upon the broad blue sky-it
twinkles in every star--it mingles in the oceans
surge, and gltters in the dew-drop that
gems the lily's bell. 1t glows in the gorgeous
colors of the decline of day, and rests in the
blackened crest of the gathering storm-cluud.
1t is in the mountains height, and in the cata-
ract's roar-in the towering oak, and in the
tiny flower Where we can see the land OF
God, there beauty finds her dwelling-place.