New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-11-07
SCIENCE, INDUSTRY AND INVENTION.

a company was formed and application made to the
French government for permission to lay maius in the
city of Paris to convey air to all houses where it was
desired either for power for ventilation. We have
heard nothing about this company, but the sub
ect s still mooted in mechanical circles and the details
Of the work gradually being elaborated. The last
of which have heard is machine for the compress
s.on of air. the invention of Mr.. Vonwi'ler which
the editor of Cosmos has In operation in work
shop in Paris 1t operates the same procpe as tire
bucket waterwheel except that instead OF using the
tendency Of water to fall through air the tendency OF
cir to rise through water is used the wheel revolving
in water and the compressed air being let down under
and ito the buckets which raises by Is a'censiye
force reversa of the machine, using force to turn
the wheel will of compress the air the inverted
buckets taking it from the atmosphere at its natural ten
zion and carving down into the water. II becomes
pressed az it desoeDds and Is finally set free at
certain depth the degree of compression depending up
Oh the depth to which it is submerged. A tube with
funrel shaped mouth, placed Immediately over the
point where s discharged by the buckets receives
in s compressed STATE and it may then be carried to
distance and used fer ventilation or reconverted iuto
POWER. In this way the power of water fall may be
utilized at distance without great loss of power.
photographer to the King Of Prussia an order for thr
~ thousand copies of portraits of members Of the royal
family.
M. Meudt has invented very simple contrvance
for the decomposition Of water and the combustion OF
the hydrogen thus gained The apparatus consists OF
email copper boiler provided with safsty-valve aud
pipe which PAGES into tubular bottle with two necks
placed near the boiler. From the second neck another
tube passes under the boiler. Hslf gallon of water
is poured into the boiler, and pint of weak tarwater
into the bottle sprt-lamp lie applied to the boiler,
and the stem thus generated goes into the bottle,
where it yields s oxygen 20 the tar and the hydrogen
accumulatDg in the bottle passes through the second
ube to the bottom of the boiler where it meets the
fame Of the spiritamp. AS soon az the hydrogen be-
gins 10 burn the spiritlamp may be taken away, and
the process continues until all the water s burned.
of the ,0l5 gas. works in England, Wales, Scot
land and Ireland the capital s 800 00000. The aver
age capital of British gas-works is nearly 20 per cent.
less than that of gas-works 10 America The average
price charged to consumers for the gas in Great Britain
is about 81 80 per thousand cubic feet from this dis
counts of from to 80 per cent made to large con-
sumers Taking into account the difference 10 cost OF
labor Goals and material gas is as cheap in the large
cities Of this country in Great Britain. The gas
companies here make deduction large quantities
of gas, and consequently large hotels like the St. Mich
olas Fifth Avenue and the Astor House, find TO their
advantage to make their own gas. Some British COM
papes pay az high - per cent dvidends, and many
of them pay 10 per cent
AT the last meeting Of the NewYork chronological
Society Mr.. Ewbank presented the report OF the ill.,
teryiew Of the Committee with the Japanese. They
learned that in japan reading and wiring are almost
universal and that there is large Japanese herature
he censorship having been established only about fifty
years ago. Their books very cheap, aud idstrat-
ell books have been common for ages Trades DO not
descend from father to son generally follow what
pIofe ssion they choose Wndpower is not used at all,
wateI-power but little, and animal power only TO We
~ small extent except in agricultural operations Al
most eveythingis done by nan-power. Vaccination
has only recently been introduced. The Committee
saw an illustrated book On the qusryDg and smelling
Of copper one of series of industrial handbook with
which they were very much struck. They say that
conveys the knowledge it treats Of in fewer words
than are used our prefscss ntroducons and that
the illustrations are full and plain that the ordinary
English readers can be at loss to any particular
Fourteen pages are occapied by outline pictures, slight
" shaded and colored representing all the details and
operations from quarying TO marking and packing the
copper. Thsn thirteen pages more are hIed with the
tools used each part being separately drawn with its
name annexed. This is 30 minute as to give all the
baskets, pokers hammers, pincers, tongs, bellows
tubs shovels, molds, stamps with which to mark
the ingots, and scales for weighing them. The bel
lowe act on the principle of our doube-acting
pumps This book was printed in colorsi the Japan
ese ssid they were much plenty" The price of this
was only eight ten cents. The Report Gays that so
far s regards the production of cheap and ueefu lite
1ature Japan may be said to have been centuries in ad
vance Of Europe. Measures have been taken TO open
correspondence with some of the learned men OF Jap
an. Masmoto Sannoja, Tsteish Tokujuro, JOsids Sa-
eosayemon and Hon. Townsend barrs were elected
corresponding members Of the Society.
The fair at Mini Novgorod the greatest fair in the
world has gradually been declining of late years Rls-
sa lie very poor just st present aud although there are
uany foreiQners-Tsrtars, Caocasians and Arnenans
the success Of the fair mainly depends upon the pros
peIity Of Russia. Tne department Oft ia moat COM
Tlete the stock Of iron is very good; the Caucasus
and the Crimes send sampee Of ne wines, IS good az
and much cheaper than the Fronch Soarge the in-
iux Of Mohamme6snh into Mini during these fairs that
they have mosque there for the convenience OF wor-
sbp. Tie MussulmaDs who are In ate adance at the
fbif cay that most Of the enlightened Turkish popus-
ton have leitte Lebanon, where they could have no
security for their commerce aud that only the fanatics
rerntin.
As new wster-works are in process of construc-
ton IN Paris the beat Of securng pure water ID
nov under discussion there. These general principles
are lac down: That rain water 10 the best Of all, it
tsiDg distilled water fuy charged with air. that next
comes ryef-wstcr, which s rain-wster that has been
kept ia ocDssnt motion; that last Of al comes spring