Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1860-07-02

I AMANAlAAAtNAN ~ kIE iiah 0UA MnNL
name from the slave states could find a place
there2 0 '-'-t i f.''
A similar disprOpOrtiOn appears in thenumber
Of RdtsRtsl lAttesting the inventive industry Of
the contrRsted regions, issued during the last
three years, 1857, 1858, and 1859. In the
free states there were 1850; in the slave
states, l,449-making a difference offs, III in
favor OF freedom. The number In Free Massa-
chusetts was 973; In slave South Carolina,
80. The number in free Connecticut, small
in territory and population, was 62s in slave
Virginia, large in territory and population,
ls4.
From all these things we might infer the
ignorance prevalent in the slave states; bat
this shows itself in specific results Of de-
plorable character, authenticated blythe Off
cial census. Il appears that in the slave
states there were 493, ,026 native white persons
over twenty years Of age who cannot read
and write, while in the free states with
4 double the white population, ..there was but
PAS, 725 native whites over twenty years of
age in this unhappy predicament In the
/ slave states the proportion was to l2; in the
free states it was l to 53. The number in
/ free Massachusetts,, with population Of
/ hNAAA y lAAAlAOu was AfNN1 VI A IL - NnI
number in slaYe South Carolina, with a
population under three hundred thousand,
was 8, $50, or in 7. The number in free
I Connecticut was in 277; in slave Virginia,
in free New Hampshire in 20l, and
North Carolina, in g. --
closing this picture ofSlayery, where
- dismal colors ell come from official figures,
there ars two other aspects In which for a
moment it may be regarded;
l. The first is the influence which it has on
emigration II is stated in the official com
pendulum of the census page ll5, that those
persons living in slave states who are natives
of free states are more numerous than those
! living in free states who are natives Of slave
states. This is an egregious error. Just the
contrary is true. The census of 1850 found
COS ,37l in the free states who were born in
the slave states, while only 206, ,639 born in
the free state were in the Slave States.-
And since the white population of the free
states is double that of the slave states, il ap-
pears fhat the proportion of whites moving
from Slavery is six times greater than that
Of whites moving into Slavery. In this simple
fact is disclosed something of the aversion to
slavery which is aroused even in the slave
states.
The second aspect is furnished by the
character of the region on the border line
between Freedom and Slavery. In general,
the value of lands in slave states adjoining
Freedom is advanced, while the value Of cor
responding Jands in free states is diminished.
The effects of Freedom and Slavery are
reciprocal Slavery is a bad neighbor. Free
dom is good neighbor. In Virginia, lands
naturally poor are, by their nearness to Free
dom, worth $l2.98 an acre, while richer
lands in other parts of the State are worth
only $8.42. In Illinois, hands bordering upon
slavery are worth only $4,5 an acre, while
other lands in Illinois are worth $s,O5. As
in the value Of lands so in all other influences
is slavery felt for evil, and Freedom felt for
good and thus is il clearly shown to be for
the interest of the slave states to be sur
rounded by circle of free states.
Thus, at every point is the character Of
Slavery more and more manifest rising and
dilating into an overshadowing Barbarisn,
darkening the whole land Through its in
fiuence, population, values ofall kinds, manu-
factures, commerce, railroads, canals, charities,
the post office, colleges, professional schools,
academies, public schools, newspapers, per-
iodieals, books, authorship, inventions, are all
stunted, and, under a Government which
processes TO be founded on the intelligence of
the people, one in twelve of the white adults
in the region of slavery is officially reported
as unable to read and write. Never was the
saying of Montesquieu more triumphantly
verified, TINT countries are not cultivated by
------4R ahair fartilitu hut hr reason of
their liberty. To this truth the slave states
constantly testify by every possible voice. =
Liberty is the powerful Rgent which drives
the plow, the spindle and the keel; which
opens avenues of all kinds; which inspires
charity; which awakens love Of knowledge
and supplies the means of gratifying it,
Liberty is the first Of schoolmasters.
Unerring and passionless figures thus far
have been our witnesses. But their testimony
will be enhanced by final glance at the
geographical character of the slave states; and
here there is singular and instructive
parallel.
Jefferson described Virginia as fast sinking
to be, 'the Barbary of the Union" meaning,
ofceurse, the Barbary of his day, which had
not yet turned against slavery. In this
allusion he was wiser than he knew. The
slave states of our Union are the BaTbary
states ofNorth America. Though on different
sides of the Atlantic and on diffrent con-
tinents, our slave states and the original
Barbary states occupy nearly the same par
allels of latitude; occupy nearly the same
extent of longitude; embrace nearly the same
number of square miles; enjoy kindred ad-
vantages Of climate, being equally removed
! from the cold of the North and the burning
heat OF the tropics and also enjoy kindred
! boundaries of land and water, with kindred
advantages Of ocean and sea, with this differ
ence, that the boundaries of the two regions
are precisely reversed, so that where is land
in one case is water in the other, while in
both cases there is the same extent of ocean
and the same extent of sea. Nor is this all
Algiers, for long time the most obnoxious
( place in the Barbary States of Africa, once
branded by an indigant chronicler as "the
wall of the barbarian world, is situated near
the paralled Of SO deg 80 min. north latitude,
/ being the line of the Missouri compromise,
which once marked the "wall' of Slavery in
our country west of the Mississippi, while
7 Morocco, the chief present seat of slHvery in
the African Barbary, is on the parallel of
! Charleston. There are no two spaces on the
surface of the globe equal in extent, (and an
examination of the map will verify what
am about to state which present so many
distinctive features Of resemblance; whether
we consider the common parallels of latitude
on which they lie, the common nature of
their boundaries, their common productions,
their common climate or the common
Barbarism, which sought shelter in
both do not stop to inquire why slavery,
banished at last from Europe-banished also
from that part of this hemisphere which cor
responds in latitude to Europe, should have
entrenched itself in both hemispheres between
the same parallels of latitude, 50 that Yir-
/ ginia, Carolina, Mississippi and Missouri
should be the American complement TO
Morocco, Algiers, Tripoli and Tunis But
there is one important point in the parallel
which remains to be fulfilled. The barbar-
Gus Emperor Of Morocco, in the words Of a
4 Treaty, has expressed his desire that slavery
might pass from the memory Of men, while
Algiers Tripoh and Tunis, after cherishing
slavery with tenacity equalled only by the
tenacity Of South Carolina, have sdccessiTeIy
u Al, :.