, 1860-01-27

Rr;s. h i. HG,s % r1rss nsl:Ase,: Tss ley
n St II. Gn sastt Mt to II l:ss7 to the
The number Of the f.dtrui;at, which have
quotcl from, ike all the others oE that cslebrat-
cd work, was written after The Constitution was
made, and before It Vas ratified by the States,
npd With . view Of securing il ratification.
]lepce the people Of the several States, when
they rasiled this instrument, knew that this
clause was intended to bear tha construction
which now place upon it. 1t was intended to
ri axe il t,s duty Of every society to project
each Of its paris, tie I4.y nf the Federal Gov
crnment to defend each Of the states, acd te
says tue smallest States ought no. TO be iusen-
sible to :te policy Of this article Of the Cousti-
luton. Then, sir, it it BE- made the imperative
duty Of tue Federal Government. by the ex-
press provision Of the Constitution, 10 protect
each Of ths States against invasion Or violence
from the other States, or from combinations of |
desperadoes within their limits, IL n<e<aari{y |
yeIous taas il ia t&s duty Of Coayr.ss - pass az
hs<8tetudi
The qucsilc'l streinipg. then, is to know
what legislation il required to reutrt this guar
antee Of tue Constitution eff=ctual. presume !
there will be very little difference of opinion in
respect to The ttsecs>t.r Of placing the whole
military power Of the GuFernueat !! the dispo-
sIt OF tue President. under preper guards und
restrictions against abuse, to repel uud sup
press an invasion v hen III. hostile forces shall
be uctually in tie field. hut. sir, tha: IS not
sufficient. Sach iexisctiou would not be q full
compliance With this guarantee Of Tue Consti
tutsou: The trainers Of that INSTRUMENT meant
more Sheu they gave the guatanser. Ma.k the
difference in lbs !4ngua.c between tue prosis-
ioa for protecting the United States against ill.,
va-ion, and that for protecting the Suites.
When it provided for protecting the United
States, it said, :" Congress ehsll have pow er to
the States it changed slse language aud sai3,
ttt1le United States shalt protect each Of the
stn:es against invasion" In tic one iustauce
the duty of the Government is 10 repei: ia tile
other tue guarantee ls that j: will pro-
tecs. ln other words, tile Guited States nEe
not 'permttted to salt until the enetny shall b.
upon your borders; until the invading army
shall have beeu organized and drilled and put
on the march, with view to Invasion, but they
must pass all Laws necessary and pruper to ill.,
spire protection and domestic tranquility in
each S,ute and Territory in this Uniun against
ritories. Then, sir, hope it will rot be neces-
sary to use tue military pOweE to ralxl any such
invasion, ii We authorize the Judicial department
Of thu Government to suppress alf couzIlracses
and combinations in the several states, with in.
tent to invade d etste. or notest or distu.h its
Government, ITS peace its citizens, its property,
| or its institutions. i ou must punish the cun-
| seiracy, the combination with the inteEt to do
| the nct, and YOU will suppress it in udrance.
| There is NO principle more familiar 10 the legal
profession than that wherever it is proper TO
decarc IN act 10 he CRIME, it is proper pun
ish conspiracy and combiration entered into
/ tor the purpose 0t pefpetruting euch act.
| think it ID within our competency, and con-
| sequently that II 10 onr duty. to pass L hw,
making my combination OF conspiracy, in any
| stntc or Territory OF this Union, to lnsade au-
other with intent TO steal and run ua property
| OF any ktn1, Whetherit De negroes "r horses,
] lato uuother State, ! crimc punishable by indict
| nlent OF tue conspiratora IN tue United States
courts, as we'll ~ confinement III tue prisons or
| peuiientiaries OF the State or Territory where
tsic conspiracy mag have been formed. SIR,
would carry t!'is provision OF the law ~ FAR a.
our constitutional power VIII reach: would
make i. a crltie to iorin coasElr2cles will
REV OF invading States or Terrltoriesto control
elections, whether they be under the garb Of the
/ EmtgIaur Aid Societies q New England, or The
Ulue Lodges uf Mis,s,url. Applause In
other words, this provision I'll the constitution
| HIT alls more THAI tue mere repe'a'n@ OF an
| invasion when the Invading army shall cFoss
the bardcrs Vi tbe State. Tie language is that
| ''it is TO protect the State against lnra>luu,
1 which, to use the lau1ua.e Of the preamble to
The Constitution. means 10 insure to each State
domestic tranquility agaiust external violence.
| There eau be TO peace, there can be no prosper
| itv, there cali be NO sn!ety 10 any community
',.:sss It is secure u@ainst violence from with
oat, Why, sir, it hus been question seriously
| ,noated III Europe whether it vas not the duty
Of En:ilnl--a po scr foreign to France--to pass
laws tor l!ie punishment Of conspiracics in Eng.
l.aL against the lives pf tho princes Of France.
! shall not argue the qacstion o' comfy bel"een
.ir tnst;t",;ou hv i.,ci ~. ~ r.. aSrrrne,i asd
which, &c ave sworn to obey, and demand ,ha.
that Constitution Ia executed in good faith,
80 as pual:N an3 suppress e;y sa"o'saaae S.','s
:e'. e9usP!s: us. =" ~ 'i;...i .s -.
or " ao'ess ns 'nnso"an's Ut ~ a.sluso ~ ~
';. ~ s".'s. 81, .., m s u",.';,s ,iua us H., s
s,.t'.;-,.,e. 80 I1;,ai S,s,.'s ...,;.. T., 10
@usnos,1inS lhe o"Aeu Sta!ss eoat'5, IN t'1e
81 .', ~ .; ,''..,n ~ 80 IT,, w. I,'.
ee~: an" aeeo:'ps"s sns '4'i1'on ~ %4s ~
MN -. au.,, ii aau
at sne s .'as ". r. ,'',,;, 10 H..
... - ,..a;1 ~, -e,s.,a
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"os !u uaosss ~ ..pe'a4ou. ~ 80 - W.,
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e1o'Ss NV ?es 80 ss1A' it .4a 'a.n
W. ~! :'A.''. - ~ s. s..n
.uIs' 'n''s .a' 4s'1u rA1 os 81
| @'T, "n4. "e'e LIE Suuaes "i4.! pieo!een st1e
ss:d ~ ,an ~ ~ -, vs.
es.uenss ~ uT.a". ' ~ ~ -,
~ ntaa 49, ~ .a.s,'o, u.s. s'
t , :,.,i. sa.'.s+ -. 80 49,. ,s"..;,'., ~
a"n f ~" Wnri,o,o .'t. @ ~ a1,.Ia,na,i ,aJ
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anu enaoSsu .Ha,r ~ , ru L. ,s ,t iHt ss np
'Iei ~, ant mta ~ ,n'.;, @ "J Isndra ~" j.; IT,,
s's"y u tne slsesneH ~ ..e' ,. .ea :. aaa .sa
"at n ol Ious'ess' i"e"e"eo 'pp'a"s' III 'ne
gallery
| IaIr. Douglas then rcld the familiar extract
fr,m Mr. I,incoIu's Springfield spcccl,, to the
.r,,, .,,at Chm rn;,, ,so,, ,,t,;,,.,o,r ,...ou.
'nA. s4'e o'eA4 "0A >,
"all one thing or ali the other, which Ec
pr ccedei to deliver the speech which served
hun during the <esen point discussions with
| Nr. I.iuco11, iu 1858. Ne edo not think the pub
| lie would be cd,trtl by a republication Of tic
| concern.1
| Mr. Fesseu,leu, Of Nuinc. said he was some-
what Ut y lass 10 inlug;ne the necessity for the
| resolution i1er oduceJ by the Senator IRON H.
finois, i commit, &c ha,i tce1 appointed 10 in-
| r..t;yote the Harrer's Ferry outhrpak and hs