Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1860-06-30

Of improved lands, in the cash value OF farms
in the average value per acre, and in the val
no Of farming implements and machinery
Here is a short table.
Free Stdtes.-Number Of farms, S77,T
acres Of improved land, 57,6ss, ,04O; cash
value Of farms, 81, l43, 344, 437 average value
peracre, $40 SO; value of farming implements,
Ss5, 736,65s
Slave States.--Number Of farms, 564, ,203;
acres Of improved land, 1870, ,427 cash valr g
Of farms, 81, III, ,649; average value per acre,
S6lsi value Of farming implements, $780,
345, 625.
Such isthe mighty contrast But it does
not stop here. Careful tables place the
agricultural products of the Free States for
the year ending June 1850, at 1858, 834,-
334, while those Of the Slave States were
S6Sl, ,277,4l7j the product per acre in the
Free States at "a, and the product per acre
in the Slave States at 50 40; and the average
product of each agriculturalist in the Free
States at s342, and in the Slave States at
Sl7l. Thus the Free States, with smaller
population engaged in agriculture than the
Slave States, with smaller territory, show an
annual sum total Of agricultural products sur
passing those Of the Slave States by two
hundred and twenty-seven millions ofdollars,
while twice as much is produced on an acre,
and more than twice as much is produced
by each agriculturist. The monopoly Of
cotton, rice, and cane sugar, with a climate
granting two and sometimes three crops in a
year, are thus impotent in the competition
with Freedom.
In manufactures, the failure Of the Slave
States is greater still 1t appears at all points,
in the capital employed, in the value of the
raw material, in the annual wages, and in
the annual product. A short table will show
the contrast:
Free States.-Capital, s43O, 24O, ,O5l value
Of raw material, $465, ,s44, ,O92; annual
wages $l95, ,97G, 453; annual product ss42,-
5s6,O5s.
Slape States.-Capital S95, 5,O2s, ,s7s; value
of raw material, $50, 1870, ,639 annual wages,
S33, PSI, 800; annual product Sl65, ,5l3,027.
This might be illustrated by details with
regard to different manutactures-Whether of
shoes, cotton, woolen, pig iron, wrought iron,
and iron castings-all showing the contrast.
It might also be illustrated by comparison
between different States; showing, for in
stance, that the manufactures ofAassachusetts
during the last year, exceeded those Of all the
Slave States combined.
In commerce, the failure ofthe Slave States
is on yet larger scale. Under this head,
the census does not supply proper statistics
and We are left, therefore, TO approximations
from other quarters; but these are enough for
our purpose. 1t appears that, Ofthe products
which enter into commerce, the Free States
had an amount valued at 81 ,377, l99, 968; the
Slave States an amount valued only at S4lO,-
754, ,992; that of the persons engagedin trade,
the Free States had l36, S56, and tile Slave
States 2,622 and that Of the tonnage en-
ployed the Free States had 2, 2,790, 1876 tons,
and the Save States only 726, ,285. This was
in 1850. But in 1855 the dsproportiOn was
still greater, the Free States having 4, 4,252,- |
6l5 tons, and the Slave States 855,5l7 tons,
being difference Of five to one; and the
tonnage Of Massachusetts alone being $40, 727
tons, an amount larger than that Of all the
Slave States. The tonnage built during this !
year by the Free States was 52s, ,844 tons; by |
the Slave States, 52,9j9 tons. Maine alone
built 2l5, 9O5 tons, or more than four times |
the whole built in the Slave States.
The foreign commerce, as indicated by the |
exports and imports in 1855, OF the Free |
States, was S4G4, 1868, SOB; ofthe Slave States,
Sl32, ,O67,2 PIG. The exports of the Free States
were Sl6T, ,52O,693; of the Slave States, in
cluding the vaunted cotton crop, $l32,OO7, |
2l6. The imports of the Free States were
S236, ,S47, $40; Of the Slave States, S24, $780, |
52S. The foreign commerce of New York |
alone was more than twice as large as that |
of all the Slave States; her imports were
larger, and her exports were larger also
Add to this testimony Of figures the testimony
of Virginian, Mr.. London, in letter just
before the sitting of Southern Commercial !
Convention. Thus he complains and testi-
ies: