Randolph County journal. [volume] (Winchester, Randolph County, Ind.) 1855-1862, 1860-12-06

ReVuhiics, Nhsn the-e may u IN di-tHrt-' sha
revolutionary condition. l. y my settled eonsFon
that without -uch power, A. ne, afori that pro
lection q those engaged IN The comercf - We e"ut
tr, which they have right o. dsmard
strcrio~ - sFrnFRs ooScKESs
again recommend g. congrs-. tke p@ssags q
la~ IA rnrsuans, ~ ths provisions q ths tonstltn.
;ion appointing day certain previous % fhe 3th 81
March IL. each veal 81 odd number. or the eiec
ton a. representative throughout al the states
fnilar power has already been exercised, With gen.
crai appreciation. b. IL appointment Il the SAN
day Throughout the tnicu Tor holding the election
q Eecors for President and Vice President q the
United state Nv attention earnestly directed
70 thi. subject iIom The e. hat the 18th Consres.
terminated ca the "a q March isie. without mskine
the necessary appropriafior fr ihs service 20 The
Poet once Department "a then forced % con
sder the i--t remedy for fhi- omission. and ar mms
diafs call q the present Congress the usual
resort Upon inquiry. however ! ascsriained that
fifteen cut II ths thiitythree state composing ihs
ConfcdeTacy without representative. and hat
consequently. fhose fifteen stAfe- would y disfrs1-
chised Ia such call Thcss hftesu states viii 10 ~
the condition the sth a March next. ten II
them cannot elect representatives according 70 stas
laws until d.f,rept I-rlods. extending nom the =
ginning q August neat until the ninth 81 So'emtef
and In ny iasi me.sage save warning thai IN I'M
Of .nddtn and alarming danger. the salvation 81 ouf
institution. might depend upon the power 81 the
President Immediately e. assemble fn '"nsfss' "
meet The emergency,
~ nov quite evident iba, n, hbaucisl necessi.
'es VI D. government viii require Modification ~
the tariff during your present session fer the purcs
In this respect desire a. rssrKis the rscomfnsf.
daiions contained in my lsst two annual Messages n
iaYeE u nrosire specific instead Of a vaorem du-
ties on all imported article "a ~s,a these can te
properly applied. Brom hong observation and esYf-
rienes em convinced that specific dufes neces.
sy 10th ~ tfsett the rt,tsue and g. secure 20 our
encouragement which rna.eidahiy results from Q
revenue tariff A. an abstract y:opostion. IL map b.
admitted that AL valorsm duties would ia theory is
the most just and equal but II the experience 81 this
and Of All other commercial nations has
that such cutee cannot ~ askcd and collected with
oni great frauds upon the then IL j. the part
81 wisdom % resort O. specific duior Indeed. from
the very nature II the al valorem duty this
The result. Under IL the inevitable consequence b.
that foreign goods will D. entered az les than their
true value The Treasury will therefore losc the dut,
on the difference between their real and hctitious
value. aud g. this extent defrandei. The
temptations which al saorem duties present % dr.
honest importer Irresistible, HE object l. Eass
his goods through the Custom House the very low
ct valuation Necessary 20 sav. them from oonfsca-
ton In thi- he too often succeeds in spite q a..
vigilance II the Revenue offcers Hence the resort
60 false invoices, for the purchaser another TOT
the Government
The honest importer produces HE invoice 90 the col
setor stains the actual price at which he Purchasd
the articles abroad. Not the dishonest importer,
and agent Of the foreign Manufacturer. And here 10
may be observed that very large proportion % the
manufactures imported from abroad are consigned for
sale 90 commission merchants who are rncrr agent,
employed by the manufacturer In such No at.
nal sale has been made 70 fx their value The foreign
t
Of the goods not At their actual value, tut very
lowest rate necessary 20 escape detection. In THU
manner the dishonest importer and the foreign manu-.
fscfurer enjoy decided advantage over the honest
merchant. They thus enabled under-sll thu
fair trader and drive him nom the market. In fact,
the operation a thie system has already driven from
the pursuit q honorable many that elH~r
81 regular and conscientious merchants whose eharar
ter throughout the world the pride Of country.
The remedy for thsre eeils 10 90 b. found Ia specific
duty far ~ this he yractioahe. Thcy di-f<usr
with any inquiry at the Custom Houss into the actual
cost value II the article, and u pays the preeirs
amount q duty previously fixed ~ lac They present
temptations 10 the arprascrs of foreign gods. wkc
receive but small sasres, aud might ~ undsr,alua
ton IN few render Themselves indelendsnf-
Besides specific duties beet conform 90 the cquson
IN the Constitution, that preference shall h. given
by any regulation of oommero. OF revenue 60 the rosfs
81 one state over those % another Under our adsao.
rem system, such preferences o. extent nsy.
itablc, and complaints have omen teen made that the
spirit ~ this provision has been violated ~ lower
appraisement ~ the articles nj port than a.
another.
An impression strangely enough prevails 10 sx-
tent that specific duties necessarily protective du
ties. Nothing can be fallscious 0ress britain
glores In free trade, and Yet her whole fFom
imports 10 nc the present moment collected under o
system o! specific duties II IL striking fact In this
connection, that, In the commercial treaty 81 tho
twenty-th u January, lsoo. between France and
England, Il the articles provides that the ad raj
duties which IL imposss shall 10 converted into
specific duties within sin months nom lie date, and
these 60 be asoertained by making average Of
the prices for sx months previous 10 that time The
reverse Of the proposition would l. nearer the truth,
because much larger nm0unt ~ revenue would D.
collected by merely converting the al raor, duties 81
a tariff into general equivalent specific duties. To
this extent, the would Dc increased aud In the
same proportion the specific duty might be diminish.
ed. spccihc duty would the American manu-
acturer the incidental protection 60 which he 10 fairly
entitled under revenue tariff, and O. this surely no
person would object The trainers 81 the existing
isrin have gone further, and Ia liberal sprit. have
Disseminated In favor Of large and useful brane hes q
manufactures Not by raising the rate u duties
upon the importation II similar articles from abroad
but what ~ the In effect, by admitting articles
free u duty which enter into the composition - their
fabrics. Under the present system u has been ofen
truly remarked, that this incidental protection De.
when the manufacturer needs n rnf
creases when ho needs % least and constitutes dias
scale which always operates against him. The revenues
~ this country subject % similar nuoSuation,
instead a approaching steady standard, would b.
the under a system 81 specific duties They sinh
and rice with the sinking aud rising prices q the sri
ccs Ina foreign countries. II would not D. dicult for
Congress TO arrange system Of specific dutes which
would AFFORD additional stability, both Go
and manufactures, without injury injustice %
any interest OF the country This might he accom-
pli-hc by a-ccrianng the average value Of any given
article for series of years the place Of expectation
and by simply converting the state Il al roiorssa duty
upon IT, which might he deemed neoe--Ary for
purposes, into the form % specific duty such
rangement could not ifJure the consumer II he
should pay a greater amount of duty year, this
would be oountcrbslaDced by lesser amount the next,
and In the end the aggregate wonld he the de-
sire 10 call your immediate attention 60 the present
condition # the Treasury, 80 ally and clearly pre-
by Secretary report Congress- and
g. recommend that measures De promptly adopted 10
enable i 10 discharge ns Pressing obligations. The
other recommendations 81 the report are we'll worthy
Of your favorable Consideration.
REPORTS or DEPARTMENTS.
herewith transmit 20 Congress the Reports II the
Secretaries Of War, e the Navy, q the Interior, aud
Of the Poet Master General The ndatiOns and
suggestions which they contain are highly valuable,
and deserve careful attention The report of the
Post MAST General detail. the Circumstance. under
which Cornelius Vanderbilt my request, agreed IN
the month ~ July las a. carry tie Ocean malls h.
tween our Atlantic aud Paeihc coasts Had he not
thus acted, this important intcrcommunication nust
have teen suspended at least for The Poet
Master General had power o. make him any other
com pensa,ion Than the i-tass Oh nAa mA,,sr which
age. would fs faT short u adequate compensation,
well - Of the which the sersioe had pre-
tioprly cost the G0yernment. Mr. Vanderbilt, Ia
oomnendAbs spirit willing 20 rely upon the jns-
toe Of Congress 20 make mp the dehciency and there
fore recommend that appropriation may De granted
for this purrose.
SERVICES % ruK srronsrY eE>rHAL
should do great injustice g. the Attorney GsnsTsi
were 10 omit the mention u biz distinguished ar
the defense g the Government against and
unfoundsd claims 10 land In California purvofting 10
have been maj. by the Nrslcan tsos~rnmen previous
these claims has saved 70 the United stair- public
proIsrig worth many million. q dollars. aud 10 ind.
Vidusis holding title under them AZ beast equal
amount.
n has been represented o. me from sources which
de-. m reliable that inhaiitan. In several prtsonx
q Kansas have teen rsducrd nearly 90 stat. q
,aiion on q the almost total ilare q their
tr0ps whilst the hact- IN every other portion q the
country have been abundant. Tho prospect t<fore
the aIrrosrhns winter = well calculated 90
enlist the symIaihies of every heart The dssfuiion
appears b. general that 10 cannot D. relieved BY
private contributions. and they In such INDECENT
circumrtance- D. unable o. purchs-s the
rle II lie Tor themselves refsr the subject o. Con-
er.-- II any constitutional or their relief
can b. devised, . would recommend it- adoption.
DISTRICT - COLUMBIA
cordially commend your favorable regard the in
q 2 ~ ~ Thex euf.
ueutiy entitled your Consideration E-fecafly a.