The Nevada journal., 1860-01-06

fed, from their movements and repeated depre-
dations, upon the representation of the county
authorities and other persons, was compelled
to direct Captain W. s. Jarboe to organize COM
pany of twenty men to pursue and break up this
band. He has succeeded, to great extent in
accomplishing this object. | am not aware of
any recent disturbance in that quarter, and hence
an order has been issued disbanding the force.
1t is very difficult to devise any plan which
will either protect preserve the Indians within
our limits, or prevent them from committing
outrages upon the persons and property of our
people. In many localities inhabited by these
tribes, the game has been killed or driven out,
and herds of cattle are now found there. The
Indian, whose occupation is that of hunting,
when unsuccessful in the chase, and pinched by
hunger, steals from the miner or settler, and
whole tribe, to which he belongs are denounced
thieves and pursued as such. 1t is quite likely
that many of our difficulties with the Indians
grow out of the imposition or outrages perpe-
trated upon them by degraded white men, with
whom they are too often brought in contact. In
this way hostlities are provoked, and good citi-
zens are compelled to suffer the consequences.
For particular information on this subject you
are respectfully referred TO the correspondence
which will be transmitted to-day with special
communication.
In the absence of the report from the Adju-
tant General, who, during the last five months
has been nearly all the time in the field land
performing the most valuable service), | am
unable to give you the precise condition of our
military organization. We have forty-nine COM
panies of volunteers organized, two thousand
seven hundred muskets (or their equiyalent) J,
and two six-pound field pieces, with accouter-
ments.
No State in the Union is so directly interested
in encouraging the formation of volunteer COM
panies as ours. We are separated by boisterous
aIcfa
States, except Oregon, and in the event of war
with any formidable European power, descent
might easily be made upon our coast. We have,
il is true, the well-knOwn courage and untiring
energies of the people to rely upon for protec
ton, but this, without discipline, would be found
inadequate, as raw recruits are rarely effective.
A WE'LL drilled volunteer corps would constitute
a nucleus around which powerful army could
soon be gathered. The general encampment
near this city, last Summer, has had salutary
effect in awakening a more lively interest in the
formation of these companies
In carrying out the policy which had adopted,
of giving preference to companies located in
counties where We were most likely to become
involved in difficulties with the Indians, have
been unable to furnish arms to any of the COM
panies organized in our colleges or academies,
as authorized by the Act of 23d April, 1853.
This is regretted, because regard the organiza-
ton of such companies in our literary institu-
knowledge of military tactics and the use of fire
arms, aside from the physical benefits resulting,
will be of an immense advantage to our youths
In consideration of our isolated position, the
Senate of the United States in 1856 passed a
bill giving to California eight thousand stand of
arms, in addition TO those to which we were en-
titled under the general law of distribution.
This was not, however, called up in the House of
Representatives but il is believed that additional
arms can be obtained from the Federal Govern
ment, and respectfully recommend the passage
of joint resolution calling the attention of our
Senators and Representatives to it,
EDUCATION.
A few remarks upon this subject must suffice,
as every one acknowledges the importance of
the general education of the people especially in
Governments where the institutions and laws
are founded upon public opinion. 1t is utterly
impossible to maintain republican form of Gov
ernment unless the masses are educated. Nor
is it necessary for me to say that it requires a
higher degree of intelligence to administer this
successfully than any other.
The report of the Superintendent of Public In
struction was received at too late an hour to
admit of a close examination. A glance at its
contents satisfies me that it will give YOU much
valuable information upon this subject. AT the
close of the year 1858, the total number C fchil
dren in the State, between four and eighteen
years of age, was forty thousand five hundred
and thirty, and at the close of 1889 the number
had increased to forty eight thousand four hun
dred and seventy-six, of which twenty five thou
sand three hundred and forty eight were boys
and twenty-three thousand three hundred and
twenty light girls. The total number of chill
dren uader four years of age on the first Jan
uary, 1859, was twenty y-three thousand five hun
dred and fifty eight, and on the first of January
of the present year, the number was twenty
eight thousand three hundred. The total mum
Der of children under eighteen years of age was
therefore, sixty four thousand and eighty eight
in 1859; and in 1860, seventy-six thousand nine
hundred and seventy six, showing an increase of
twelve thousand eight hundred and eighty
eight
The number of children who were born in Cal
fornia was, in 1858, thirty-three thousand FIVE
hundred and forty y-six, and in 1859, forty one
thousand four hundred and fifty showing the
excess in number born during the year 1859 to
be seven thousand nine hundred and four.
The whole number of children attending
school, public and private, in 1858, was twenty
seven thousand six hundred and one, and the
organized School Districts were increased during
that period from four hundred and eleven to four
hundred and sixty-three.
The whole amount of the State School Fund
apportioned among the respective counties dur
ing the year 1858 was fifty three thousand four
hundred and four dollars and ninety five cents,
and during the year 1859, seventy-two thousand
three hf lred and nineteen dollars and fifty two
cents. The whole amount expended for school
purposes in 1858 was three hundred and thirty
nine thousand nine hundred and fourteen dol
lars and seventy seven cents, and during the
year 1859 was four hundred and twenty seven
thousand and three dollars and seventy five
cents showing an increase in one year of
eighty-seven thousand eighty-eight dollars and
ninety eight cents These statements speak well
for the condition of our schools and give salts
factorysdssurance that California will soon be in
advance of many of her sister States
1t is proper that should call your attention
to the fact that, during the past year, large
quantity of land has been sold in this State by
the Federal Government, and California in nv
opinion is entitled TO five per cent of the net pro
ceeds of these sales, The policy of giving this
to the new States is based upon the pledge that
lands belonging to the Federal Government
within their limits should not be taxed. This
five per cent was given to Ohio, Louisiana, Mis-
sissippi, Indiana, Illinois, Alabama, Missouri,
Florida, Arkansas, Iowa, Michigan, Wisconsin,
and Minnesota and although the phraseology
used in the Act admitting us into the Uni6h
might leave the question somewhat indefinite,
still it cannot be supposed that Congress in
tended to deal less literally with us than with
our sisters. As this five per cent. may probably
reach, when the lands are disposed Of, million
of dollars, the attention of our Senators and
Representative should be directed to this sub
ject.
AGRICULTURE,
The annual exhibition of the State Agricultu-
raj Society, which took place at Sacramento, in
September last, was more largely attended than
upon any previous OCCASION and the display of
stock, of fruit, cereals, ETC., far superior to
anything ever before presented in the State
while every department of the mechanic arts