The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1860-01-11

which she has proved WhOlly uhaoie " e.
tricate herself. She is entirely destitute oil
the power 10 maintain peace upon her bor-
ders, or to prevent the iacursions OF bandit I
ii into our territory. In her fate and IN her
fortnne-in her power TO establish and main /
tain settled government we have tar
deeper interest, socially, commercially and
politically. than any other nation. She IS
now wreck upon the ocean, drifting about
as she is impeled by different factions. As
good neighbor, shall we not extend to her
n helping hand to save herr Ii we do not,
il would not be surprising should some other
nation undertake the task, and thus force Us
to interfere at last under circumstances OF
increased difficulty, for the maintenance Of
our established policy.
/ repeat the recommendation contained in
my last annual message, that authority may
be given to the President TO establish one or
more temporary military posts across the
Mexican line in Sonora and Chihuahua,
where these NAV be necessary to protect the
lives and property Of American an Mexican
citizens asans, the larurs;ons and dePreda-
tons OF the Indians, as veil as OF laWless
rovers 90 that remote region. The establish.
ment OF one such post at point called AriSpe,
in Sonora, in a countrg nnw almost drpapu-
lated by the hostile inroals of the Indians
iron our side 4 the line. wonld, It is beiier-
ed, have prevented much injury and many
crueities during tie past season. state OF
Iawiessness and violence prevails on that lis.
tant frontier. Life aud property are there
wholly insecure. The population of Arizona,
now numbering more than ten thousand souls,
are practically destitute Of government, OF
laws, or Of any regular administration OF jus
tice. Murder, rapine. and other crimes are
committed with IMMUNITY. |, therefore, again
call the attention of Congress to the necesst-
~ for establishing territorial government
over Arizona.
The treaty with Nicaragua Of the 10Th
February, 1857, TO which referred in my
last annual message, failed to receive the
ratification of the government Of that repub.
lie, tor reasons which need not enumerate.
A similar treaty has been since concluded
between the parties bearing date on the 10Th
March, 1859, which has already been ratified
by the Ncaraguan Congress. This will be
immediately submitted to the Senate for their
ratification. Its provisions cannot, think,
fail to be acceptable TO the people Of both
countries.
Oar claims against the government of Costa
Rica and Nicaragua remain unredressed.
though they are pressed in an earnest man
ner. and not without success.
deem It TO be my duty once mere earn.
estly to recommend 70 Congress the passage
IL i law authorizing the President 70 emplny
the naval force at his command for the plr.
pose Of protecting the lives and propesty Of
American citizens passing in transit across
the Panama, Nicaragua, and Tehanntepec
routes, against sudden and lawless outbreaks
and depredations. shall not repeat the ar
gument employed in fOrmer messages 10 sup
port Of this measure. Suffice II TO say that
the lives Of MANY OF our people, and the se-
curity OF vast amounts OF treasure passing
and repassing over one or more OF these
routes between the Atlantic ard Pacific, may
be deeply involved in the action Of Congress
on this subject.
would, also, again recommend 70 Con-
gress that authority be given to the Presi-
dent to employ the naval force 70 protect
American merchant vessels, their crews and
cargoes, against violent and lawless seizure
aud con6scation 10 the ports OF Mexico and
the Spanish American States, when these
countries NAV be IN 4 disturbed and resolu-
tionary condition. The mere knowledge that
such al authority had been conferred, a. |
have already stated, would Of liseif, in great
degree, prevent the evil. Neither would
this require any additional appropriation for
the naval service.
The chief objection urged against the grant
IL this authority j., that Congress BIZ ron
ferrlng ii, would violate the constitution
that Il would be transfer Of the war.making.
or, strictly speaking. tie uar.deClarlns pow
er 10 the Executive. II this were veil.
founded. II would, Of course, be conclusive.
A very brief examination. however, would
place this objection Al rest
Congress possesses the sole and exclusive
power, under TIE constitution, "io declare
var They alone can raise aud support
armies and "pra,ide and maintain i IA.
W." But alter Congress shall have declared
war. and provided tie force necessary TO
carry il on. The President. a. Commander
in.ehief Of ihs Army and Navy, can alone
employ this force ii making war against ne
enemy. The j. The plain language. and bis.
tory proves that il nas the we'll -knDwn 10.
ienti0n of the itamers Of the Constitution.
twill not be denied that the general pow
~ to declare war = aithogt Limitation. aud
embraces wiihin itself not only What writers
On The Law 81 nation. term public u per.
feet var. bat ALTO III imperfect Nar--and, IN
short, every species II hostility, hnaeser
confined or limited. Without the authority
81 Congress the President cannot IRE hos.
tile gun in any case. except 70 rspel the Il.
tseks II an enemy. II will not be doubted
That under this power Congress could. ii they
ihhughf proper. authorize The President II
eapiay TIE lurce ii bis command 10 seize
vessel belonging 10 an American citizen
Which lad been illegally aud uIjustly cap.
tsred IN foreign port, and restore IL e. Il.
osnsf Bat ran Iongtrs. only act after the
fari--afiet tie mischief ID. been done Have
they b poser 10 tgnlsf upon The President
tile sgthutity ID advance Il furnish instant
redress should such easr afterwards octar
Must they wait Until tie mischief Ia. been