Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1860-10-25
Naples.

Naples disputes with Constantnople the claim
Of occupying the most beautiful site in Europe.
The city stands on the north shore of the bay Of
the same name, and is built at the base and on
the slopes Of q range Of hills which have the
general form of an amphithcater. It's chief ed
iioes are q cathedral built On one hundred
granite columns, which belonged to the Temple
of Apollo the churches of the holy apostles,
built on the ruins of a temple of Mercury San
Pauol, Filippo Nerl, Spiritu Santo and San
Martmo; the Royal palace-tho whole palace
used as a rccord-ofice the Polazzo degli Studii
Publico, which contains the Borb0nico Library,
museum Of antiquities, etc. Naples was the
usual residence Of the Sovereign, scat of an
Archbishop and Of the central administration
Of the kingdom, and has a commercial tribunal
arsenal, and cannon-loundery, ship bailding
yards, and Royal marine hospital. Its uni
veraity, occupying the old College of the Jesu-
its, has ffty-four protessorshps. 1t has an epis
copal lyceum, medico chirurgical school, vetcr
mary school. deaf mute institution, royal mill
tary school, nool of design and music, an OBJ
scrvatory, q botanic garden, and a mint. 1t is
the center of all the learned institutions of the
kingdom, and has four public libraries, and ma
ny public schools but education is of the low
est kind, and not generally difused an ex-
change, ten theaters, among which the opera,
San Carlos, is one Of the largest in Italy The
charitable establishments comprise hospitals for
the sick, aged, and foundlings, but its streets
are, Notwithstanding, infested with mendicants
of all ages and both sexes. The Marinolli, a
long open beach, beyond the Castel del Carmu-
no, was formerly the abode of the IAzzaroni a
class which has lost its distinctive features, and
the term is now applied to the fishermen. There
are sixty charitable institutions, comprising hos
pitfalls for the sick, (sometimcs with 2000 pa
tients,) blind, aged, poor, and the orphan. Its
manufactures are gloves, soap, perfumery, silks
artificial flowers, colals, carthenwares, hats car
riages, etc. 1t has royal type founderies, and
iron and glass works 1t is the first port of the
kingdom; its harbor is formed by mole, which
oHtonas from the center of the city into the bay
Naples was founded by the Greeks, who called
it Parthenope. Virgil studied here; the city,
enlarged by Adrian and Constantine, was sacked
by Belisarius in 53G ; peopled successfully un-
der the Normans, the cmperors OF Germany
and the kings Of Spain. 1t has often suffered
from earthquakes, and from cruptions of Vesu
vius. The French took it in 1899, and again ir
1906. Joseph Boneparte was made king Of Na
pies, but was replaced by Murat in 1903, and
the latter was driven from it by the Austrian'
in 1914, Naples was the scene of an outrage
in May, 1913, when it was plundored by thu
Lazzaroni, and 1900 lives were lost. Among
the numerous objects of interest in the vicinity
Of Naples are Vesuvius, Pompeii, and Hercula'
neum, and the Isle of Capri, in its bay. Its pop
ulation in 1857 was 4lQ $50, excluding garri
son Of about 1000.