The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1860-03-19
EUROPE.
ARRIVAL OF TILE ASIA AT NEW YOEk.
OPENING OF THE FRENCH ASSEMBLY
THE EMPEROR'S SPEECH.

rived at New York on Friday. The Asia left Liv-
erpool at 4,3O o'clock the afternoon of Saturday,
March Sd, and brings the London papers of that
morning, and telegraphc dispatches from London
some hours later.
THE OPENING OF THE FRENCH LEGISLA-
TURE-THE EMPEROR'S SPEECH
PARIS, March His Majesty the Emperor, on
the opening of the Legislative Session of 1850, this
day, March l, spoke as follows:
Messiers les Senateurs, Messieurs Deputies ON
the opening of the last session, relying upon the
patriotism of France, endeavored to fortfy your
minds in advance against the exaggerated appre-
tensions of probable war. To-day | have at
heart to reassure you against the anxiety caused
by peace ITSELF That peace desire sincerely, and
shall neglect nothing to maintain it.
have only to congratulate myself on my friend
ly relations with all the powers of Europe. The
only points of the globe where our arms are still
engaged are in the extreme East; but the courage
of our sailors and of our soldiers, aided by the
hearty assistance of Spain, will doubtless soon lead
to a treaty OF peace with Cochin China. AS re-
CARDS China, a serious expedition, combined with
the forces of Great Britain, will inict her the
chastisement of her perfdy.
In Europe difficulties approach, as trust their
termination, and Italy is the of constituting
herself free. Without referring to the long nego-
tiations which have been dragging along for so
many months, | shall confne myself to few prin-
cipal points.
The dominant idea of the treaty of Villafranca
was to obtain the almost complete independence of
venetia at the price of the restoration of the arch
dukes. That transaction having failed despite
my most earnest endeavors, | have expressed my
regret thereat at Vienna weu as at Turin, for
the situation by being prolonged, threatened to
lead to no issue. While it the object OF frank
explanations between my government and that of
Austria, it suggested to England, to Prussia to
Russia, measures, the whole of which clearly prove
on the part of the great powers, their desire to OBJ
tain a reconciliation of all the interests
To second these dispositions it was necessary for
France to present that combination the adoption of
which would have the greatest chance of being ac-
cepted by Europe. Guarantying Italy by my army
against foreign intervention, had the right to as
sign the limits of that guaranty. Therefore | did
not hesitate to declare to the King of Sardinia that
while leaving him full liberty of action | could not
follow him in policy which had the fault Of ap-
pearing in the eyesof Europe desire to absorb all
the States of Italy, and which threatened new
complications. | counseed him to reply favorably
to the wishes of the provinces which should offer
themselves to him, but to maintain the indepen-
dence of Tuscany, and to respect in principle the
rights of the Holy See. If this arrangement does
not satisfy everybody, it has the advantage of re-
serving principles, of calming apprehensions, and
making Piedmont kingdom gilmore than 1000, 900
souls.
Looking to this transformation of Northern Italy
which gives to powerful State all the passes of
the Alps, it my duty, for the security of the
frontiers to claim the French slopes of the moun-
tans. This re-assertion of claim to a territory of
small extent has nothing in it of nature to alarm
Europe, and give denial to the policy of disnter.
estedness which have proclaimed more than once
for France does not wish to proceed to this aporan
disement, however small it may be- either by mill
tary occupation or by provoked insurrecton or by
underhand manGuvres, but by frankly explaining
the question to the great powers They will
doubtless understand in their equity, as France
would certainly understand ii for each of them un-
der similar circumstances, that the important terri
tOrial re arrangement which is about to take place
gives us right to guaranty indicated by Nature
herself.
cannot pass over in silence the emotion of a por-
tion of the Catholic world; it has given way sud
denly to such incOnsiderate impressions, it has
given itself up to such passionate alarms-the past
which ought to be guaranty for the future, has
been so much overlooked, the services rendered so
much forgotten, that needed very deep conyic-
tion and confdence-an absolute confidence in pub
lie common sense, to establish in the midst of the
agitations endeavered to be excited, that calm
which alone maintains us in a proper path.
Facts, however, speak loudly for themselves
For the last eleven years, have sustained alone at
Rome the power of the Holy Father, without hav-
ing ceased a single day to revere in him the sacred
character of the chief of our religion On another
side the population of the Romagna, abandoned all
al once to themselves, have experienced a natural
excitement, and sought during the war to make
common cause with US. Ought to forget them in
making peace, and to hand them over anew for an
a
tion My first efforts have been to reconcile them
to their sovereign, and not having succeeded |
have tried at least to uphold in the revoIted pro-
vinces the principle of the temporal power of the
Pope.
After what has been already said, YOU see, if all
is not yet over how it is still permitted to hope for
q speedy solution. The moment seems then, to
have arrived to put an end to these anxieties,
which have lasted too long, and to seek for the
means of inaugurating with bodness a new era of
peace in France Already has the army been re-
duced by 900 men; and this reduction would
have been more considerable but for the Chinese
war and the occupation of Rome and of Lombardy
NV government will Immediately present to Won a
series of the object of which is to aciIi-
tate production, to increase by af0rdng the means
Of living cheaply, the prosperity of those who
labor, and to multiply our commercial relations
The first step to be taken in this path was to fix the
period for the suppression of those impossible bar
riers which, under the name of prohibition have
shut out from our markets many productions of
foreign industry, and cons trained other nations to
adopt an annoying reciprocity with regard to us.
But something still more difficult still impeded
u.s. 1t was the little inclination for a commercial
treaty with England. have therefore taken re-
sOuely upon myself the responsibility of this
measure. A very simple reflection proves its ad-
vantages for both countries. Neither the one nor
the other assuredy would have failed within n few
years to take, each in its interest the initia-
tive of the measures proposed; but then the lower
ing of tariffs not being simultaneous, thev would
have taken place on one side and on the other
without immediate compensation The treaty has
done nothing than to anticipate the period of
salutary modification and to give to Indispensable
reforms the character of reciprocal concessions
destined to strengthen the alliance of two great
peoples. In order that this treaty may produce its
best effect, invoke your most energetic coopera-
ton for the adoption of the laws which will facili-
tate its practical adoption.
/ call your attention, above all things, to the
means of internal communication, which by their
| a r,o1pY,
foreign industry but as periods of transition are
always those of suffering, and it is our duty to
put stop to state of uncertainty so hurtful to
our interests, | appeal to your patriotism for the
prompt examination of the laws which will be sub
mitted to you. BY iberating aw materials from
all duties and reducing those which weigh on arti-
cles of common consumption, the resources of the
Treasury will find themselves severally diminished;
nevertheless the receipts and disbursements of the
year 1861 will be balanced without any need of an
appeal to credits a recourse to new taxes. In
skeching out to you faithful picture of our po-
ltical and commercial position, have wished to
inspire you with full confidence in our future pros
perity, and to associate you in the accomplish
ment of a work fruitful in great results.
The protection of Providence, manifestIy on
our side during the war; will not fail peaceful en-
terprise whose object is the Improvement of the lot
of the greatest number. Let continue, then,
firmly our path to progress, without allowing our
selves be arrested either by the menaces of sell
fishness by the clamors of parties or bv unjust
suspicious France menaces no one; she desires to
develope in peace, in the plentitude of he adepen-
dence. those boundless resources which Heaven has
given her, and she will not awaken gloomy suscep-
tbties, since out of the state of civilization in
which we are that truth springs day by day with
greater force which consoles and treasures hu.
manity-that the more stateis rich and prosper
Gus the more she contributes to the riches and
prosperity of others.
NEW APPEAL TO ITALY.
BOLOGNA March 2.-Farini has issued procIa-
md hot o,,IoJ
Sardinia, or a separate Kingdom" The voting is
to take place on the 11th and 18th of March,
In his manifesto Farini says:
f'We owe great gratitude to the Emperor of the
French for having espoused the cause of Italy in the
war of independence, and for having established
the principle of non-intervention. You have al
ready and in time of danger, declared that you
would resist the restoration of your former rulers
You have proclaimed Victor Emmanuel your King
vailed under your former government, you have
since by your conduct, proved yourselves worthy
of being free people, and you have organized a
strong army. Europe is convinced that the fallen
governments could only be kept up by the aid of
foreign troops; but it has been thought that the
formation of separate kingdom would be for your
advantage. We have accepted the advice given US
to consult afresh the national will. Your vote will
be respected. | submit to direct and secret univer-
sal suffrage the following alternative-Annexation
to the constitutional monarchy of King Victor En-
manuel, or a separate kingdom. When your votes
have been given, my task will be accomplished.
"FARINI."
SPANS DEMANDS ON MOROCCO.
TCOrrespondence of the London Times
TETUaN February 22.-The territory acquired
bv the Spanish arms" the perpetual cessiOn of
49, Kbo 1aTfO IF S,,os