The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1860-12-06

y to this task from the beginning and was aided by the
lbe and energetic efforts q The Heads Of The different kx
acutve Departments. The result OF our abors In this
good did not appear in the sum totAlof expen
dure. for the hrt two years, mainly In consequences Of
me extraordinary expenditure necessarily incurred In
the UtAh expedition, and the very large amount OF the
contingent expenses Of Congress during this period
These greatly exceeded the py and mileage Of the mem
DeIs FOR the year ending 3Olh June, 1858, whilst the
pay and mileage amounted to 400 PA, the contingent
expenses to e2 10 and for the year ending
sOh june 1883, whilst the pay and mileage amounted to
ySSgvss ~ 20 the contingent expenses amounted to sl
you that during The ss ascsi year ending on lie Soh
June, le6O the total expenditures Of the Government In
all its branehss-legisaye, executive, and judicial
exclusive OF the public debt reduced 10 the sum Of
S5 This eoneluiively appears from the books
Of the Treasury. In the year ending on the sOth june
1885, the total expenditure exclusive Of the public debt
amounted TO o71001 26 n, and that for the year end.
ing SOh June, 1850 to SSO R26 I3 whilst the books
Of the TIeaSuy show actual expenditure Of S59Sl0
M Y for the year ending on the Both June, 1860 nclu
CESS there must be deducted from this amount the sum
Of 900 26, with the interest upon IL Of $50
appropriated by the act Of 18th February, lSOO or the
purpose Of suPpyog hedehcency In the revenues and
deirayng the expenses Of the Post Office Deparmentfor
the year ending the hrteh Of June thousand oght
hundred and hity-ninen This sum, therefore, justly
chargeable to the year 1852 must be deducted from the
sum Of 74 a. order to ascertain the expendi
ture for the year ending on the 30th june 1850, which
leaves balance for the expenditures Of that year Of $685.
4V5 49, The interest on the public debt including
3Oh june 1860, amounted to g. 3l4 60. which, added
to the above sum Of SIS 4O5 40, makes the aggregate
Of 45s,570 ,7s0 0e.
1t ought In Justice to be Observed that several Of the
estimates from the departments for the year ending 3Oh
June, 1860 reduced by Congress below what was
and still deemed compatible with the public interest.
Allowing liberal margin Of Ss,50O 900 for the reduc
on, and for other causes may be safely asserted that
the sum Of SOL 900 0O0 OF the most 900, is
amply sufficient to administer the Governmentand pay
the interest the public debt unless contingent events
should hereafter render extraordinary expenditures nee
essary.
This result has been attained in considerable degree
by the care exercised by the appropriate departments In
entering into public contracts. have myself never in
teered with the award Of any such contract except in
single with the Colonization Society, deeming It ad.
visible to cast the whole responsibility In each case on the
proper head ofthe department. with the general instruc
ton that these contracts should always be given to the
lowest and best bidder II has ever been my opinion
that public contracts not legitimate Of patro.
to be conferred upon personal political fayortes;
but that 10 all such caies public officer Is bound 10 act
for the Government prudent would act fol-
himself.
AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE. &c.
It Is with great satisfaction communicate the fact
that since the date OF my last Annual Message, not
single slave has been imported into the United States in
violation Of the laws prohibiting the African slave trade
This statement 10 founded upon thorough examination
and investigation Of the subject. Indeed the spiri
which prevailed some time since among portion Of ou
fellow citizens in favor Of this trade seems to have en-
tirely subsidized.
also congratulate you upon the public sentimen
which now exists against the crime Of settng foo
military expeditions with in the limits Of the United ste
to proceed from thence and make upon the peopl
Of unoendng States, with whom we are at peace. Il
this respect happy change ha; been effected since n
to be the prayer OF every Christian and patriot, iha
such expeditions may never again receive counenance
our country or depart from our shores.
ha In do han Yafa,
with earnest commendaton, to my former recommends
tions in favor Of the Pacific rairoadof the grant
power to the President employ the naval force in th
vicinity, for the protection OF the lives and property
our fellow citizens passing In transit the dierer
Central American routes, against sudden and laNle
outbreaks and depredaons and also to protect Amer
merchant vesses their cIeEs and cargoes, again
violent and unlawful seizure and conAsOaton in Il
4 ports Of Mexico and the South American republic
when these may be In disturbed and revolutionary col
don. II is NY settled conviction, that without such
power do not afford that protection to those engage
in the commerce OF the country which they have rig
: to demand.
= ELECTION OF MEMBERS OF CONGRESS.
again recommend to Congress the passage Of law
pursuance Of the provisions Of the Constitution appon
u ng day certain, previous to the 4th March n each ye
Of an odd number for the election of representatv
throughout all the States. similar power has alreat
been exercised with general appreciation, in the appOir
ment Of the day throughout the Union for hOld
the election OF electors President and Vice Preside
Of the United States. My attention earnestly dire
ed to this subject from the fact. that the Congre
y ermiua ated the Sd Of March, 1858, without making
necessary appropriation for the service of the Post Off
Department. was then forced to consider the best
dy for this emission, and an immediate call OF the prese
Congress was the natural resort Upon inquiry, hOwey
asceTtaned that fifteen out OF the 80 States compost
the Confedeacy were without representatives, and th
consequently, these fifteen States would be disanchis
by such call Thee fifteen States will be in the sar
u condition the 4th March next Ten Of them cam
elect representatives, according to existing State laws
~ til different periods, extending from the beginning
~ August next until the months Of October and Move
y ber.
v In my last message gave warning that, in time
sudden AMI ala ming danger the salvation of our ins
tutons might depend upon the power Of the Preside
OI Immediately to assemble full Congress, to meet
a. emergency.
ey tits now quite evident that the financial necessities
r the Government will require modification Of the tai
during present session, for the purpose Of incre
to Ing the revenue. In this aspect desire to reterate
IT. recommendation contained In my last two annual
Of sages in favor Of imposing specific instead Of dd Udlo
he duties all imported articles to which these can
properly applied. From long observation and expe
ence am convinced that specific duties are necesSa
both to protect the revenue and to to our MAJ
featuring interests that amount Of incidental encoura
ment which unavoidaby results from revenue tariff.
sa As abstract proposition 1t may be admitted that
vdloreD duties would 10 theory be the most Just
equal. But II the experience Of this and all other
mercia nations has demonstrated that such duties can
be assessed and collected without great frauds upon
revenue, IL 10 resort 10 spec
duties. Indeed from The very nature Of an dd Udor
duty this must be the result. Under 1t the inevita
consequence Is that foreign goods will be entered at
he than their true value The treasury will therefore,
the difference between their real and fictitious value,
a to this extent we are defrauded.
.nu The temptation which dd Udlortn duties present t
m dishonest importer are irresistible. His object Is to
' his goods through the customhouse at the very low
de' valuation necessary save them from conGscation
~ this he too often succeeds In spite OF the vigilance Of
ny revenue officers. Hence the resort to false Invoices
NV for the purchaser and another for the custom house.
TO other expedents to defraud the Government.
honest importer produces his invoice to the collec
stating the actual price at which he purchased the
se oes abroad. NotsO the dishonest importer and the
Gun OF the foreign manufacturer. And here II may be
non served that very large proportion Of the mauuactl
rus imported from abroad consigned for sale to conn
" sion merchants who are mere agents employed by
10 manufacturers In such cases no actual sale has
gni made to Ak their value The foreign manufacturer
ao DO dishonest, prepares an invoice Of the goods nc
their actual value, but at the very lowest rate neces
ace escape detection In this the dishonss
porter and the foreign manufacturer enjoy decided
o, vantage over the honest merchant They are thus
abled to undersell the fair trader and drive him from
market. In fact the operation Of this system has air
hs driven from the pursuits Of honorable commerce
Of Of that class of regular and conscientious mercha
o whose character Throughout the world is the pride oi
get country.
duties, far thism may be practicable. Ttey disp
re- with any inquiry at the custom house into the &C
Po cost value Of the article and 1t pays the precs
.ng mount Of duty previously fixed by law. They pre-
y no temptations to the appraisers Of foreign goods,
ear receive but small salaries and might by underyalua
its Resides snecidc duties tconform 10 ihe reon.
men the Constitution that mo preference shall be give
anv Tesuiaton of commerce or revenue 10 the port
Y State those Of another" Under dd pdl
he system such preferences are to some extent nev
'n aud complaints have often been made that the spr
this provision has teen violated by lower appraised
was Of the articles at port than at another
1t to tenthat sneci0o duties are proecve u
me Nothing can be fallacious. Great Britain gor,
free trade and yet her whole from imports
Ty dnte, lis striking fact in this oonnection that
ord the commercial treaty Of 23d January, 1850, be
NOT France and England, Of the articles provides tha
ales into specac duties within sx months from ia date
these are to be ascertalned by making an average
pton Of ,he pToposon wouid he nearer 10 the h