The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1860-02-11
EUROPE.
By Steamer City of Washington

IL CII VI II.
By Steamer City of Washington
We have received our English files by the
arrival of the steamer City of Washington at New
York, from Liverpool 18th ult., and extract from
them intelligence additional to that received by
telegraph.
The COMMERCIAL TREATY BETWEEN ENGLAND AND
FRANCE.-The commercial treaty signed al
Paris on the 23d of January, but the details had
not been dvulged, and it was reported they would
not be published until the English Chancellor oil
the Exchequer submitted his budget to Parliament
when the treaty would be instantaneously promul-
gated in the Paris Moniteur. Various rumors were
afoat to the provisions of the treaty. The Pari;
correspondent of the Spectator says that it embra
ces the following object: A complete and effective
assimilation of the French and English flags in
maritime intercourse, direct and indirect, between
both countries and their respective colonies, and
generating both English and French ships from
all tonnage dues in both English and French ports.
The AdUertiSers Paris correspondent says that
on Monday, 3d. MIR. Golden appeared as a
plenipotentiary, and had met NJ. Barouchs and
two freetraders on behalf of their respective gov
ernmeEts and the commercial treaty. 1t is said
that Lord Cowley was not present, that he was de-
tanned at home by an attack of rheumatism. NJ.
Michele Chevalier was summoned to witness the
act of signing.
The Post says it is true the Emperor Napoleon
has concluded a sort of commercial coup d'ctot,
but in exerting his sovereign prerogative by the
conclusion of treaty. he has taken the sole means
of overcoming the difficulties which would other
wise beset his path. The influence Of the Protec-
tionists in France is enormous. By this method
ONLY could free trade be established in that coun-
try. For the realization of the method two things
were necessary. One, the will and determination
of the Emperor; the other, our consent to sign a
commercial treaty, and to that extent to depart
from our ordinary commercial maxims; but that
dapa fnr tha suhst while sacrificing
the form of sound commercial legislation
The Examiner says: Napoleon Ill. has taken a
wise and bold step: The prohibitive commercial
policy is abandoned. The material of manu-
features is to be admitted free, and the duties
coffee and sugar to be gradually reduced. This is
the commencement of a complete reversal of com
mercial policy. 1t is not, indeed, the establish
ment of free trade, but it is first step towards
that end. The crazy existing pile Of monopoly
must be pulled down before even the foundation
be laid for better SYSTEM and there will be a
middle passage moderately protective.
To say that Napoleon is the first man in Europe
is to say little, seeing what the others are; but it is
| his praise now to be most benefcent and bold in
his benefcence. If he has wavered in his Italian
| policy, we now see, in his presen just and wise
resolves that it not from want of the right
disposition; and his commercial policy i;
the true seal of our alliance and surest pledge o.
peace.
THE DRowNINa OF CAPT. HARRIsoN--The follow
ing the particulars of the drowning of Capt
Harrison, at Southampton:
He was crossing the Solent from his residence a
Hythe, to Southampton, on the morning of the 2ls
ultimo, in his own gig, in company with DR.. Wat
son, the Surgeon of the Great Eastern. Capt Lay
the chief Purser, and son of the latter. The boa
manned by six picked men, including Ogden
| the coxswain of the Great Eastern. The weather
was very squally and as the boat neared the South
ampton docks, Captain Harrison ordered the sal
to be lowered, but it stuck fast, and heavy gus
of wind caused the boat to capsize. Captain Har
rison chung to the boat for few minutes making
desperate attempts to right it, but he became ex
hausted and fell back into the waves. He was pick
| ed up about twelve minutes afterwards, floating
foot below the surface of the water, with his arm
cast loosely over The most energetic effort
were made by no less than ten medical men to re
store animation, but all was fruitless The galvan
battery was applied without any effect whatever
Ogden, the coxswain, and Captain Jays son als
| fell victims to the disaster, although the forme
was, for time, restored to consciousness. TIL
event created a painful sensation throughout Eng
land, owing to the high esteem in which Captain
| Harrison was held. Warm eulogies were beinl
| passed upon him, and his death generally re
| garded as very serious blow for the Great Eastern
| enterprise. A Southampton letter saws, the re
mains of the late Captain Harrison will leave South
amptOn on Thursday afternoon, for railway station
en- route for LIndon.
| ITALY.
A REAcTIoNARY PLoT IN TUsCANY.-The Tuscan
| correspondent of the Daily NevS, writing on tn,
| 18th inst, says:
L
Florence has had its Bell Conspiracy. 1t had beer
reported to the police that, since the beginning o
the month, secret agent Of the Duke had arrived
in Florence with a considerable sum of money. Il
| spite of the great exertions that were made t.
| catch him he succeeded in hiding himself. few
| days had scarcely elapsed when a man, well know
for his reactionary tendencies, arrested sus
picion of having had something to do with thu
shells exploded during the ball at the palace
| Frightened by his arrest, this man was induced t
| give some information about the other conspiracy
| BY the aid of this communication, within two day
| the government was able to follow all the move
ments of the conspirators. According to plar
| which, 1T is stated, was concocted by the yOun!
Grand Duke himself, twenty scudi were offered tt
the bell ringer of the Cathedral to ring, at give
| signal, the big alarm-bell of Giotto's spire. Tn
other bells of the tower would have answered, ant
this would have been the signal for the conspiraOr
| to rise. They seem to have reckoned upon tn
| peasantry of the surrounding country, who, they
hoped, would have focked into Florence.
The bel-ringer of the cathedral, having appa
| rently consented and actually pocketed the money
went to Palazzo Vecchio to inform Baron Ricasol
| of what had happened. 1t then decided tina
| gendarmes should be concealed within the bell
| tower every night, for the person who paid tn
twenty scudi had told the bell-ringer that he wou
call again and give him further instructions. Tn
conspirator did, in fact, make his appearance o.
Friday night, but instead of finding his suppose
associate, he met the gendarmes, who took him t
| prison. 1t is generally reported to dav that tn
man has not only confessed his guilty intention:
but that he gave up the names of his accomplish
and denounced their infamous plans. According t
what heard in a we-informed quarter, it seem
that the conspirators intended to have had Marqui
| Ridolf tried and condemned by court-martal =
| As for Baron Ricasoli, his colleagues, and Marqui
Ginori, they would have been sent to the island
Elba. The ringleaders of this infamous plot wer
all quietly arrested Yesterday, so that there ar
but few people at Florence who have even tn
slightest notion of the danger which was broodin
| over our heads" ..f...... -.-
THE ROMAN STATES.
| A letter from Rome of the 18th ult., in the Pari
| Presse, says:
"The HOLY Father has replied to the Emperor
letter, published in the Mcniteur of the 5th. In hi
| reply his Holiness declares that when, by deere
of Providence, he assembled the chair of st. Peter
be promised and swore to maintain the integrity
the States of the Church. and that he will not brea
bis oath. In consequence he will never consent
| the separation of the ROmagna. His Holiness d,
clares that his firm and constant opposition t
every project of separation does not proceed frol
any motive of ambition or family greatness sac.
His Holiness is merely accomplishing the duty il
cumbent on him of preserving in its integrity tn
patrimony of the Church, of which he is only tn
1 administrator. In conclusion, the Pope declare
that he appeals to the Justice of God, to which
sooner or later, POntlts and Kings render an al
count of their conduct -i-s-es
1 s'This reply has been communicated to the Card
| nails Mattel, Atieri, Pasrizzi, Della Genga Brr
nelli Marini, Antonelli, and Di Pietro, who met a
the Papa residence on Saturday evening,
81 have had the opportunity OF seeing the az
dress which the Roman nobility has just presente
4 to the Pope 1t is stated therein that the mobiles
Rome share in the affection caused to the Hol
Father by the events of the past year and thos
which appear to De in preparation, and they ar
ready to defend him at any sacrifice. The day bt
fore yesterday this address bad received l25 signs
lures, at the head of which was that of Prince Jt
seph Bonaparte. esfe ..f5,(@ .,@f
4 Among those who refused to sign are mentio,
= aH rHn us~ NJ 11..~ y - L. a n,