New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-04-11
EUROPE,
ny THE NIAaARA's N1AILs.
THE STATE OF EUROPE.


r,.n Our Own Correspondent
LONDON, Friday March %, 1860.
The map of Europe has been changed at last in
real earnest. The settlement of 1915 has come to
an end, and kings and nations are alarmed and dis
turbed by fears and hopes. Sardinia, in 1915
third.rAte Power, placed under the influence OF
Austria, has grown into realm of ~ 000 OOo OF In
habtants, greater in extent and population tnSn
Naples, second indeed to Spain but, BY her col0,
mand of the Italian sympathies quite as important
a. Prussia. Victor Emanuel has now acceP'eu '"V
srowus of Parms, of MOdsna, of Tuscany ana %
the ROmagus, for better and fOrworse; the fiencn
hava heeuu TO evacuate Lombardy, leaving
Tie new upper Italian Kingdom to take It's chance'
in .s,s Austria should attack it. The Italians
aro Iert 10 themselves; since they have attained
She;r RAFFERTY,. their guardian retres beyond the
Al TEev would indeed, have liked to remain
,ader the protection Of Napoleon, and OF his rltted
cannon for season or two longer, until they might
have consolidated their new country but the French
Emperor thinks they are old enough row to stand
mon their own legs He had, besides to be bought
off by the cession Of Savoy and Nce-a sacrifice
easily made by Count CayOur whose bitterest oppo-
nents in the Chambers, between l049 and loo9,
were the members from Savoy-always Oltramon-
tanisss reactionaIy, and anti-ltalian, speaking
King. and PLAYING with some success, the part
of the Pope's Irish brass band in the British
Parliament The King, however, did not
ike to part with the cradle of his dynasty, and had
some hesitation in signing the treaty OF cession,
which brings his capital within one days march
from the new French frontier; but Tuscany is
bewitching bait In the last century Francis l.,
Emperor of Germany, exchanged the country OF his
birth, Lorraine, for areyersOnary interest IN Tus-
cany; and now again Victor Emanuel gives up
Chambery for Florence, and the barren mountains
of Savoy for the smiling valley OF the ArnO. France
increased her territory in the last century by Lor-
raine and now BY Savoy and Nice, solely to per-
init the Tuseans to change their dynasty. In so
far little can be said about these transactions
since the SayOyards feel no objection against becOm
ing French and Nice, with her 5000 inhabitants,
ia not large enough to make any serious oppOsltion
bat Switzerland is of course, alarmed; the posses
sion of Upper Savoy puts all the western cantOns at
the mercy of France and the security of Southern
Germany is jeOparded. The theory OF natural
frontiers taken up, though disavOwed by Napoleon
threatens the Rhine and the Germans are still dis
united and invite French invasion by their dissen
sions Austria is still in high dudgeon against
Prussia the Federal Diet of Frankfort continues
the sauabbe about the legality of the constitution
of Hessia, the Prince Regent of Prussia selects
the present critical moment for a complete change
of the military organization against the wishes OF
the population, and the intermlnable question OF
SchleswiQ- Hoslein is again revived. The South
The Federal action of Prussia and refuse to acs
knowledge her claims to the lead of the Federal
army; and, in the mean time, Napoleon orders
three great military camps to be established toward
the Rhine. dipOmatist whom l lately saw.
feared that this temptation might be too powerful for
the French Emperor and thought we might this
year see French campaign on the Rhine, as well as
Sandman one on the Pc. Still, at the present mo-
ment we hear everywhere of peace. Austria declares
she will not attack Sardinia unless Sardinia should
at fhaD dina an A
and consolidate the recently annexed provinces, and
France speaks only of the blessings of peace. But
Austria is preparing for war, and sending troops and
officers OADcOna and to Naples; Sardinia orders
new levy of soldiers and nearly doubles her army;
while, not having armed last year, France cannot
afford to disband her forces. Europe resOunds with
the elang of arms, and still are expected to be-
heve in peace There is moreover, the Nea-
politan question; the youthful King, under the
Influence of Austria, exiles and imprsOns his SUBJ
jects by hundreds without having even
brought them before Judge. There
is the Pope, preparing to hurl the great ex-
communication against Victor Emanuel during
Easter week. and calling the NeapOlitan forces to lis
aid, though the King of Sardinia has declared that
he would consider the appearance of a NeapOlitan
army in the Papal States beLH. In the East,
Noldo-W allachia is still unsettled; Russian agents
flock to Bulgaria. and Serva threatens an insurrec-
ton unless the hereditary rights of Prince Michel,
the SOP of MilOsh, should be recognized by the
Porte As to Hungary, the country is on the brink
of a revolution; but she will keep quiet until the
war has begun in Italy; the system of passive re-
sistaDce and Of demonstrations has been, in the
mean while adopted by the HuDgarians In CrOa-
tia there is famine, and in all the provinces of Aus
tria distress and discomfort.
While the Continent is thus disturbed, Lord John
Russell proceeds quietly with his Reform bill, for
which nobody cares; great speeches are made ON
both sides in hiny-attended house; there nOen-
thusiasm for the BILL and considerable resistance
aOainef II will he naSsed bV and hV. since even
The London Times is unable to alarm the English
public about the wicked transfer of political power
from the middle classes to the working classes. The
factis that the arstOcracy who have hitherto ruled
England by pretending to be the moutbpiece of the
shopkeepers lawyers and licensed vicualers, have
found out that there dang for them to be feared
from the abOreIs. The same families and influences
which have always bad the monopoly of the highest
places will retain that monopoly under still
more liberal franchise than that proposed by Lord
John Russell.
A