New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-01-24

authority over iw hundred thousand men, whose
haired OF the rapal Government has been scarcely
dcpressod by twenty years Of Austrian Occupation,
and who shook of the yoke the moment her arms
we've Withdrawn .
Nv far the most striking portion Of the pamphlet
reters to the question Of intervention. From whom
"a This Intervention Ia come Z From France, Aus
,r,n ar Naples But France, as Catholic nation,
woIM never consent 10 take step that would
s,r;ke fatal blow ut the moral Influence OF Catho-
lam. while as liberal nation she could not com
nel ,eople 10 submit to q government that they
themselves had rejected. Moreover, the weight OF
Euance has ever leen thrown into the opposite
sCale II was she who, in the reign OF Louis XVI,
e;ded with the American nation IN ts struggles 1or
the establishment Of its nationality whiie 70 ner "
owing the very political existence OF Belgium ana
the Danubian provinces But it ~ IN Italy ABOVE all
that France bound to carry out her liberal pohcy
nor must it be forgotten that she has neitner feeog
nized nor encouraged the present governments Vi
Central Italy. She has employed every ehort Oh
diplomacy 10 reconcile the people 10 their sover-
eiens but she cannot forget that these Governments
suIune I'D the very day that Austria retired. and
that they were created by a legitimate reaction
against foreign oppression, and against those princes
whose governments were the very abnegation Vi
Laiiona policy. go,
hut IL French Intervention be impossible how
far more 90 is that of Austrian If Austria, on tne
very morrow OF peace 10 to be reestaohshed III inc
Peninsula, with what object has France undergone
| fbe peiils of disastrous war, lost 5O,VVU men,
,pent 800 OOO 600 of money, and gained ioar great
yictorieef -. the dominion OF Austria IN Italy IL
| Mt an end ~ If she Ia return 10 Florence,
| Parma. or oblogna, then must France admit that
Austria has been victorious. Italy must be lett to
herself: the nationality that France has restored TO
her must be respected provided that she be content
to reconcile her rights with the interests OF the equ
Ebrium of Europe. Still less can the Papal Govern
/ ment be restored by an Italian power, This would
be The most fatal blow to order ard the authority of
| the Holy See alike. Should the King OF Naples
! aprear in the field as the champion ct hbsoutsm
! then wcud tic King of Piedmont arise, the palia-
dunn of Liberty; civil war would reduce everything
| TO the arbitration OF the sword, and anarchy be
the UNREASONABLE result OF the fatal crror 1t the
army OF Naples were to enter thePapai States mat
| of Piedmont would occupy Parma and Tuscany
and thence would ensue subyersion Of all interna
tional principles ard % rebellion against the very
/ jurisdiction of Europe hertelf. There is but one
Intervention which il regular, efcacOus, and legit
! imaie-that of all Europe united IN Congress. The
Congress of Paris will have full powers 70 change
that which was effected by the Congress of Vienna.
Eutope united at Vienna in 1916 gave ROmagna to
the Pope Europe, reunited at Paris, can reverse
that decision.
And let it be remarked that if this decision be
contrary to that Of 1915, its character is not the
same. In 1916 the Powers disposed of tho people
OF Romagna in leG0 if they be not given up to he
Pope, the Powers of Europe can only sanction
fat aec0mph Nor can the competence oi Con
gress be called in question: otherwise to be consist
emit it would be necessary to declare that the Con-
press of Vienna, composed as IT was for the most
paIt OF representatives of great schsnatic Powers,
had no night to dispose of komagna and the Marches
in favor of the Pepe.
You have now before you brief abstract of this
blafu has tod n
lar greater than that called forth by the publication
OF Napoleon III. et PHaiie, which even then was
looked upon as declaration OF war against Austria.
| cannot however, dismiss the subject without
referring to two or three very important phrases,
which seem TO discover that however determined to
prevent any Intervention in the affairs of Italy, the
Emperor has none the less come to the resolution Of
preventing the union of Central italy with the King
dom of Piedmont. On the subject of Romagna, the
author speaks Of the more Or less credbllIty to
" be attached to the votes in favor of the annexa
" tiOn," and again makes the question Of leaving
Italy 10 herself % conditional upon her reconcling
I" her rights with the equilibrium of Europe;"
lastly with reference to AM interference on the part
OF Naples be characterizes the intervention which
woulo naturally follow on the side of Piedmont as
"a rebellion against the jurisdiction of Europe
(which, while respecting the rights Of sovereigns
90 is in duty bound TO watch over those general
"piincples of order in which her own security and
equilibrium are involved" Now, this implies in
some sOrt contradiction; for if the people of
Central Italy, when left TO themselves, decree their
annexation to Piedmont, by virtue OF ther sovereign
power how, ii intervention be impossible can
they be constrained to repubiate that decision 1t
has always been question with me whether Europe
has sufficiently recognized the thorough earnestness
of the people Of Central Italy with respect to the
annexation and this subject shall take the OPP
porfu ity OF making some remarks as to the C0n-
vention of Vilairanca. Up to that moment what
ever may have been the views of Parma, Modena,
and RoInagna it is certain that Tuscany never
desired the extinction Other autonomy. Had Austria
been expelled from Italy, and Veuetia united to |
Piedmont she mi sht have had far other views for
herself then those which she has since adopted; but
VIXEN Austria was allowed to remain between the |
Nncio, the Alps and the Adriatic, Ricasoli |
SaloDgnoi, and the other statesmen OF Tuscany |
recognized, as a necessity the formation of q strong
kingdom in Northern Italy, which would be III
etieetual bar 10 Austrian influence and encroach-
ucDt To this they determined to make every
socrfce TO carry out the principle thus set forth by
Fihcgja:
lndsrnc pate opera
Sslysr che tutto al ssysl oss."
Then was called to mind the words of MANN,
who from Paris exhorted the Italians to discard
every system of NATIONAL regeneration which had
not Piedmont for its center; and the public test.
mony OF Garibald, once OF all Republicans the most
incorporating, who babe his countrymen look
upon Piedmont as the hope and example Of Italy.
With respect to the restoration of ths Dukes, it is
obvious that the Emperor of Austria believed that
the several States oil Parma, Aodena, and Tuscany
would receive back their rulers with open arms.
Now, there was never any ranoOr III the feeling Of
Tuscany for the Grand Duke personally; there was
none OF that bitter and implacabe hate universal