The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-01-09
THE EUROPEAN CONGRESS.
Important Manifesto Of Napoleon on tho
italian Question and the Temporal
Power Of the POpe-Its Eject In
England Opinions Of the Press,
&c A. &c
NAPOLEON'S MANIFESTO on TIE POPE
AND THE CONGRESS-

Guerronierc author the pamphlet NapOleon Ill ct
FIiaie " aud s received by politicians the declarato
of The policy Of the Emperor Napoleon the vexed ques
ton Of the right to be taken by Europe with regard
to the temporal power OF the Pope
We WISH in true Catholic spirit, to sady question
which has imp udently become npassonei "Passion"
says Montesqvieu, "nakes feel, but us
Let then, endeavor TO Danish from subject
where Coincidence and reason can aoae speak with
thorty Between those who detestBg the temporal pow
ofhe Pope, oudl. invoke his fall and hose who looking
upon TIA, power article OF faith, will not allow il to
one the olhcr This opinion, which respec,s
equally the rights Of peoples aud the interests Of religion
protests against tha, ansgonm 70 which they seeming
iy exposed by absolute handed men starting opposite
points. and who clash la n mutual resistance. We sin
cerey believe that is not impossible for the Sovereign
Pont 10 retain hs pa'rmony without imposing by force
upon the populations authority which reigrs In tho
name OF SOD II this n;ihatjes could be elected it
would be great triumph for politics and for tho Church
Whatever may be the result the attempt Is mobiles
FRS, OF ALL the temporal power Of tho Pops necessary
FOR the exercise Of his spiritual powerS The Catholic
Arne and political reason here agree in replying the
affirmative. In religious point Of view lis essential
that the Pope should be Sovereign. In political point
OF view is that the head OF 900 Of
Catholics should not be dependent any be sub
to any rS%s and hA the august ss had which
% above all human passions. II tho Pope
no, an independent Sovereign, he would be either
French, Spanish, Austrian or Italian and the tile
of bis nationality would deprive him Of his charac
ter universal Ponta. The Holy See would be
nothing than tue stay OF throne at Paris,
Vienna or Madrid 1t was SO at former period, and
successor ofSt Peter had the misfortune to allow his
thority be absorbed the "Holy German Empire "
Europe deeply shaken by it, and that disturbance OF
It's moral and political equilibrium lasted for nearly thres
centuries The struggle between Guelph and Ghibelne
IN reality nothing else but effort 10 eniancipate the
Ppacy from the preponderance Of the Emperor Of Ger
many. Even at the present day those historical denom
nations have survived the events The head Of the church
styled Guelph 6hibelline according he consider
ed partisan Of Austria The representative OF Italian
nationality and Of the independence Of the Holy See Az
their glory to belong themselves that is 70 say
acknowledge only the authority of God Whenever they
made their authority subservient TO the interests Of
Prime they altered the prncple of their authority
The church suffered; Europe suffered from It,
The spiritual pc wer the O.. which is at Rome can
no, be DISPLACED without shaking the political power not
only in the Catholic States but in all Christian States Il
is equally important for England, Russia and Prussia,
is for France and Austria, that the august representa-
tive OF Catholic unity should neither be constrained nor
Inundated, nor subordinate. Rome is the centre Of
moral power too universal for not to be in the interest
of all governments and oil peoples that it should not
cline 10 any side, and that il should remain mmovable
Oh the sacred rock which no human power can overthrow
The necessity Of The temporal power Of he Pope in The
dos,e pint Of rO Of Tie interest efrettcn aud Of political
This power in itself? How the Catholic authority,
founded spon dogma, be reconcled with conventional
authority founded public morals, human interests
time ponttf and Kingg How can the man OF the
Gospel, who fors.yes, be the man Of the law, who
muncates heretcs be the head Of the State who pro.
tcots freedom OF conscience Such the problem
aDtagonisyn between the Prince and the
PontG confounded in the personihcaon. The Pon.
tiff is bound by principles Of divine order, which he
not discard; the Prince has respond TO the claims
Q. society, which he cannot disowp Whore, then are
the to be found thai The mission OF the PonG may
End the independence of the Prince guarantee Of his
nuibority, without finding therein al the same time
embarrassment for his conscences
II we 10 seek for the ISOLATION or this problem In
the customary forms Of the government OF peoples,
should not find It. There does not exst in the world
constitution of nature conciae exigences 50 diverse
l.
can be obtained The power Of the Pope can only be
paternal power; he must rather resemble family
territory should be Of large extent but We think tha, it
IS even essential tina, il should DO limited The smaller
the territory The greater viii be the sovereign.
In faci, great State implies certain requirements
(eSigeuces) which il is impossible for the popa,o satisfy
ps rs Hs 10 psas e ss
movement OF ideas, take advantage Of the transform
OF the human mind He cannot do II. The Laws viii be
sLackled by dogmas. HIS authority will be paralyzed by
he must either resign himself to inmobiy or rise even
to revolt The world win ayapce and leave him behind.
Then Of Two things, Will happenether everything
viii be exiDguished in that people, and nothing viii
remain in IL o. the generous activity OF pablo tfe or
else the noble aspirations OF nationality viii burst
through, aud II will become necessary, have
witnessed already, for material force to supply the DC.
fciences OF moral authority. The temporal power OF
the Pope under these conditions cannot maintain Itself
unless protected by an Austrian or French military
ocoupaiion-a painful resource; for every Power that
does not exis, upon its national strength aud public
The church, far from finding therein condition OF indie
pendence, would only hnd cause of dscred aud inca
paci'y This is not what France can wisb. This Is not
what truly religious men can desire.
~
Thus 1 he tgapo-al poteer Of ne Pope is necessary
a.d legitimate, bit is incompatible wh Sat Of any e.
tef 1t only possible, II exempt from all the ordinary
conditions OF powerthat TO say from everything that
constitutes its activity, It's Development its progress Il
mnsi exist without AL army, without parliament TO
say, without code OF laws or court Of justice. 1t Is
distinct system and witch approaches nearer to family
a
system the dogmas the laws, the priests the egs
Etors, the affairs the ci,adeis, and the sprtu,
weapons The only defence of the government The
POWER lies less in lis strength than in its weakness is
% be found The respect which commands ard IN the
happiness which gives to those whom refuses the
cnJoymepts OF political life
Hence naturally cnsues, in opinion that the ques
S Sc Or s'Tr l He n must s sa ~'' su e
hcicnt not 10 pbjuga,ed himself and sovereign
OF the temporal order But this sovereignty mus, not
rerder obligatory upon him to act Political part, for
atn ,be PonG, Instead Of finding in this over guar
an'ee OF niependences would fad only condition OF
scrv,ude for himself or necessity OF servuGe for his
1as szi.nes may q aaHiet il EarOpe GA small cor
tate os re, and I'D sIsly 70 ns osory y" Of Ssi
10 that corner Q. earth Illustrated BY the grandcst
placed the capital OF the world Rome which Formerly
resumed within her all the grandeur OF the Pagan era
has an unaxceptonM csllIs In losing her political
elevated character in the spiritual order, and she
styles hsrser the eternal Cly!' Religion, souve.
nlFs, ana tue arts aiSD Ip!m u n1uOnAlty. Td0Se
who live at Rome, under the authority of the
Head OF the Church doubtless subject 10 particular
conditions OF social and civil te but they longer
the members Of great country, they still the citizens
OF glorious metropolis, which extends It's influence wher
ever faith .s maintained and spreads Rome belongs,
them to the Head OF the Church Should she slip away
from that august power. she would at lose all her
preetge Rome with tribune orators, writer secular
government and Prince al the Vatican would be moth ng
more than town Liberty would disinhcrt her. After
having given laws 10 the whole word she only retain
her greatness by commanding souls The Roman Senate
has no other compensation worthy OF tbat the Vatican
"
History, religion politics, justify, then, completely
derogauor from the regular and normal conditions OF
the rfe Of peoples Notsing more simple, more tgti
mat os6 essential than the Pope ttroniag a.
Rome and possessing limited Territory To SATISFY
high an interest Is fully permitted 10 withdraw some
hundred thousand souls from the life Of nations without
however sacrificing them and giving them guarantees OF
welfare ard social protection The government OF the
Pope mrsi b. paternai in its ADMINISTRATION Is by its
nature He who calls himself the Holy Father ought
BE- father fer al, his subjects II his institutions be-
yond the principles which guarantee the rights OF govern
ko eha