The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1860-01-18
EUROPE.
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THE DEATH OF MACAULAY.
THE EUROPEAN CONGRESS.
EUROPE.
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DEATH OF LURD MACAULA1
Fr6m the Times Of 3Oth December

| tne lOlOWlng:
DEATH OF LORD MACAULAY
From the Times Of 3oh December
| At late hour last night learned with the
deepest regret that England had suffered an ire.
parable loss BY the sudden death of Lord Macauay,
at his residence in Kensinpton at O'Clock on Wed
nesday morning. Although in 1852 he had seri-
GUS and protracted illness, from declared disease of
the heart the attack was subdued, and till within
the last three weeks his health was tolerably good
About fortnight since he had a second attack
from which, however, he rallied, and his medical
advisers considered him out of immediate danger
| Up to the end of last week he continued to amend,
but relapse took place, and terminated fatally
Lord Macaulay never married, and the title
dies with him. He was only forty-nine years of
age.
Lord Macaulay was born at Rothley Temple, Lei
cestershre, in the year 1900, and consequently
| only SO years of age But though he died compa-
ratively young, his life has been one of constant
acquisition and uniagging industry. The son of
Zachary Macaulay-a man worthy to be named
along with Clarkson, Wilberforce, and Stephen for
his eXertionS and sacraices to promote the abo
tion of the save-trade-Mr. Macaulay had doubt
less excellent early training. He entered Trin-
ty College, Cambridge, in 1919, and was soon dis
tinguished in the University as youth of singu-
larly large and varied attainments as well as re-
markable mental powers. He carried off prize after
prize and having on leaving the University chosen
the Bar his profession, he selected the Northern
Circuit as the sphere of his legal career. About
this time his celebrated article on "Milton appear
ed in the Edinburgh ReUieU. The publication of
that article was literary event, and it was soon
felt that new luminary was rising in the literary
hemisphere.
Subsequent articles of equal ability led to Mr..
Macaulay s being made Bankruptcy Commissioner,
and to his introduction to Parliament under the
auspices of the Marquis of Lansdowne, as member
for Cane, and to office Secretary to the Board
of Control This wasin 1880, and the part PLAYED
by him during the exciting Parliamentary discus
sions Reform led to his being named along with
the late Mr.. Marshall, Jr., as Liberal candidate
onl, ne e. ~.
By the free choice of the inhabitants of so nuen-
tial borough Leeds, with which he had no To-
cal or personal ties, Mr. Macaulay's political posi-
tiOn was now made. To the surprise, however, of
his constituents, the right honorable gentleman,
before two years passed, accepted appointment
in the Supreme Council of India At the end of
two years and a half Mr.. Macaulay returned to
England having completed his proposed Penal
Code which, however, has never yet become law
To his resdance in India owe his essays on Lord
Give and Warren Hastings, two of his most brilliant
productions.
Mr.. Macauay's subsequent political career in
| England was somewhat less active than that pre-
| vious to his departure for the East; but he still
cOntributed-as Member of Parliament for Edin-
burgh, Secretary at War, and Payma3ter of the
Forces-to the stores of our Parliamentary elo-
quence. The loss of his election for Edinburgh
in lS47, owing to his views the Mavnooth
question, induced him to retire from public life
and to devote his time to literary pursuits. Under
ordinary circumstances, his rejection would have
admirers were deploring the fate of a man known
to fame poet, essayist and orator, being thus
displaced by constituency so important and in
telligent, they derived no small consolation from
the rumor that he to devote his leisure to
the grand project of writing a History of Eng
land. His peculiar qualifications for the task, his
Parliamentary career, his official knowledge, his
social experience, his historical information, his
familiarity with ancient literature, and the art
he was known to possess of writing what people
like to read, well as dealing skilltully with the
less attractive parts of subject, raised high ex-
pectations; and when, in lS48, an installment of
two volumes appeared, with the title of ''The
History of England from the accession of James
the Second" they met with enthusiastic re-
ception, and elected universal praise.
In the majestic sentences with which he intro
duced his work to the public, Mr. Macaulay stated
that he would cheerfully bear the reproach of hav
| ing descended below what is called the dignity of
history if he could succeed in placing before the
English of the nineteenth csntury a true picture of
the life Of their ancestors. He made the sacrifice,
and accomplished his object. By iudicious selec-
tion and arrangement of materials; by retaining
only what was interesting of ITSELF could be
dered so by the artiice of style; and by adorning
his pages with biographical sketches of the princi-
pal actors in the he treated of, Mr. Macaulav
succeeded in producing book which few per
use without qualification. In lS4S, Mr.. Macaulay
was chosen Lord Rector of the University of Glas-
gov, and delivered an inaugural address, memora-
BILE for its ability In l849, he nominated Pro-
fessor of Ancient History in the Royal Academy.
In 1852, when a general election occurred, he was
by his friends put in nomination for Edinburgh
Mr.. Macauay, however, stood haughtily alOol
from the stirring contest; neither issuing an ad
dress, nor appearing as a candidate on the hust
ings. Nevertheless, the electors restored them.
selves to the good opinion of the world by repla
cling him in his former position; and going north
ward in the autumn, he delivered a speech that did
much to clear a way for the Coalition Government
which he subsequently supported in the House oil
Commons, by two oratiOns deemed not quite
of In MIR
Macaulay's various speeches were collected and
published In 1855, the third and fourth volumes
OF lis History Of England were hailed with en-
thusiaSm which marked them out for a popularity
hardly less extensive than that which attended
their predecessors. In 1885, Mr.. Macaulay resign
ed his seat for Edinburgh, and on September 10,
1857, he raised to the Peerage; but chronic
cough, which of late years prevented his speaking
for more than a short time, probably induced him
to refrain from ever addressing the Upper House.
In the introduction to his last and greatest work
the author expressed a hope that he might be
enabled to bring down the history of his country
to a date within the memory of living men; but
unhappily this hope is far from being realized. For
some time it has been currently rumOred that the
5th and 9th volumes of the work were about to
appear, but we are enabled to state, on good au-
thority, that, whatever materials may have been
accumulated such extensive addition to the
history is nearly ready for press.
The speeches and writings of the deceased peer
are familiar wherever the English language is
spoken. AS orator, essayst, poet, and a
historian, he has occupied leading position, and
his death at such moment, when the nation wa:
anxiously looking forward for another installment
of his great history, will be theme for universal
lamentatiOn.
THE CONGRESS.
1t was reported in Paris that Austria, Naples and
Spain will not send plenpotentiares to the Congress
unless the Pope is represented.
The Russian Ambassador at Paris had declared
to Count Walewsk that the pamphlet 'ELe Papt
ct lie Congress contains principles opposed to thu
respect for authority on which the Russian gov
ernment is founded, and consequently Russia viii
oppose the programme drawn up in the pamphlet
Count Waewski is reported to have declared t.
the diplomatic corps, that as long as he was Min
lister for Foreign Affairs, the pamphlet should not
be considered the programme of the French
Ministry.
The Austrian journals engaged in denounc
ing the pamphlet, and the Vienna Gazette regard
it as direct menace for Austria. 1t is neverthe
less averred that in governmental circles the pam
phlet has not produced disagreeabe impression
the government being convinced that the opinion
therein expressed are not entertained by the Empe
ror Napoleon.
The Paris Pags announces that the various Pow
ers invited to the Congress have been apprsed tina
the meeting cannot take place on the day original
ly fixed, and that subsequent day will be ap
pointed.
, From the London Star, Dec. 29.l
All the news received from Rome is of a nature t.
countenance the greatest apprehension. 1t seem
now certain that the Pope will send represen
tatIve to the congress- unless the Oflclal author
ship of the pamphlet be first publicly disavowed
and there is great chance that Count Walewski'
disclaimer will be accepted disavowal of thi
; kind by the Holy See. At the same time ar
, informed that volunteer corps are in formation a
Vienna to act in supporting the Pope, and that th
Duke of Modeua, who has been spending some day
with the Count of Chambord, is advancing with hi
troops towards the frontiers of his former pos
sessions.
1t is little more than a repetition of new
f when informed, in a despatch from Vienna tina
according to a despatch received by Count Rech
berg from Prince Metternich, Count Walewski ha
, declared to the diplomatic corps in Paris that a
long as he remains the head of the Ministry fo
Foreign Affairs the pamphlet ole Pape ct IL
Congress" should not be considered the pro
: gramme of the French Ministry. This announce
ment will make as little impression as that whcl
has been already communicated in the same sense
Count Waewski is not constitutional and re
, sponsbe minister and what his views may be OF
any question of international politics is no. mucl
, more important than the opinions of any Other
single individual. The Bourse of Paris itself ha
paid little attention to these disclaimers of the En-
peror's Foreign Minister. The serious importance
f of the pamphlet is believed in, and the funds ex
perence decline on that account, it being antcipa
ted that there pay be struggle between tempora
, and spiritual influences in Europe, which canno
but act prejudically on the accumulation of capi
tai and on commercial enterprise.
| MINING NEWS FROM FRAZER RIVER.
Vicorid, VdncoareT'S Island Nor l0J Correspondence
Of London Times
The news from the mines is very good. New
gold diggings are continually being discovered
and the quantity of gold going out is considerable
but a great many miners are leaving for Californ
at the approach of winter, owing chiefly to the ex