davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28
Legal Notice.

To Henry L. Lightner, J. r. Streeper, j. r. Golf
man, X O. Hicks J. nj. loekw Chas. SHAFT
q, J. IL. Bruce and j. =. Thompson,
YOU ara hereby notified that there is nov on Gle
! in the office of the Clerk of the District Court
OF Les Comfy, lows, at Keokuk, petition oil
nf.nsr "oicott claiming against Lightner O
Judgment for three hundred dollars as money due
on pfomissory note, and claiming against all al
you the foreclosure OF mortgage given by said
Ligntner TO VIM. II. b. Lynch to secure the nay.
Inent of said note.
ana unless you appear and answer said petition
on or before the secoud day of the Sentember tern
tlsov) OF said District Court, judgment will b.
rendered against you by default
RANKIN d MILLER,
July IS, 1896 I'm pl,sfs Att,,s
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28

=
Nv are hereby notified that there is now on
g ne 70 the tfice Of the Clerk of the Distriet
I.ure ef Lee County, Iowa, at Keoknk i neti,,an
% ,a alneaur. sanorsdaii, praying for the revival
sad court Oct i, 1851. for The possess,su ~
-. estate lsss1lbeo a. toe south west quart,
seeion thirty three, town hip narth
OF range seven west, in Lee county Iva. Win -
suit. wv aoliais costs u
AND that unless you appear and answer tba,s,n
ON ~ before the ID DAY OF the next September
OIL faid court, judgment will be rendered sya;as,
yen ny default AZ prayed for Ii petition.
July rs, TssD-lm pl.gs1 ~,
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28

100000
Original Notice.

To II. M0ntandon
VOu arc hereby netiHsd that there ID now on fle
= In tho Clerks office Of she District Court OF
Lee county, lows, ~ Keokuk, petition Of James
Raley claiming judgment against you for $3.50
and interest thereon from Feb. 1857, on two prom
order Of Hawkins Taylor and endorsed. by him,
one for $3.50, and one for $llo and also asking for
awrit OF attachment against your goods, chat tells,
lands, tenements aud hereditAments, which has
IL ZIP. 90 N. X. Nv. in Lee county, Iowa Unless
you aprear and answer said petition on or before
the second day Of tho next term Of said court, TO
be holden ON the first Monday Of Septsnber, 1890,
Judgment viii DO rendered against you in accord-
ancs with the prayer Of sAid petition.
jams kALEY,
Jvlyles ls60-dln Atty ~ ssat.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28

gal vBsfCe


To William Lowentsein, Barbara Lowenstein and
Frederick Kohnrech
VOU and each OF yon are hereby notified that
l. there 10 on file in the office Of the Clerk cf
the District Court of Lee County, Iowa, at keoku
petition of Hiram Barney claiming of you VIM.
Lowenstein the sum Of five hundred and fifty dol
lars with interest 1T 10 per cent. per snnum, as
money Cue on mortgage made by YOU to Charles
Mason and since assigned to said Hiram Barney,
dated September. 26 1885, also claiming against
each of You the foreclosure Of said mortgage, the
same being upon Lots 10, II and IL in Block one
hundred and seventy nine in City of keokuk, Lee
County, Iowa, for the purchase money and further
asking for sale of said premises, and general
lief
And unless yon appear and answer said petition
on or before the morning Of the second day Of the
next term of said court 20 commence at keokuk
on the first Monday Of September, A. ID. 1860, q
default will be entered against you, the petition
taken as by you confessed, and decree rendered
against you as pray ed therein.
NOBLE B. STRONG,
July 10, lS6oln Pitf's Att'ys.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28
0r,~suar rsy,cs:

10 John Tarbell, Jane Tarbeil, John Irwin, Jno ID
Irwin, w. I'll. Deming, Lsvi AveYill Dan a y
phens, j. p. Matther, Fred. q, Beomhsm, exsf
Tor Of Edward Boynton, deceased, saml DunlSS1
defendants:
Vou are hereby respectively notified that there
l. snow file In the Clerk u Office of the District
Court of Lee county, Iowa, at Keokuk, petition
OF Hiram Barney, claiming Judgment on fore
closure of mortgage against said John Tarbell
for the OF 81 ,2eY 10 100 with 40 per cent. in
terest from February, 1850 and sgainft all said
defendants above named, praying also for the fore
closure of certain mortgage given by ssid John
Tarbel to Charles Mason upon the .. Of SO sec.
/. township 10 N range west, also On the s-w.
aud ". of Sc 1 sec. s, township 66 north, range
. west Of pisnk-road, except 10 1890 acres In
s-w /; the sale Of ssi4 nortgagsd pvenises 70 pay
Oh said debt, the extnguishmsnt Of all equity OF
REDEEM ption therein and for and general reief
said petition also asks for the appointment u re-
cever to take charge and control Of said preises,
collect the rents &C., which receiver has been APP
pointed by said Court. Asa
Now you are required 10 answer said petition by
the second day Of the term Of said court to be
held on the LIST Monday Of September, 1860, or
judgment and decree will b. had therein a PRAYED
for by default.
II. SCOTT HOWELL,
July Ill, 1850 DIN Atty for pl,tF,
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28
Legal N otice.

To Wilson, Fairbanks Co.:
V0U are hereby notified that there is new on & Ia
L In the ofhce Of the Clerk Of the District Court
of Lee County, Iowa, at Keokuk, q petition OF
Roland Cutler, claiming OF you the sum of two
hundred and eighty-two and 6I.i0o dollars,
$2S2.6, with interest thereon al SIX per cent per
annum from March 18th, 1859, AZ money due on
promissory note executed by you for said sum,
dated Nov. 18th, 1889 and payable four months Al
ter date to your order, and endorsed by you the
plaintiff Said petition also prays for writ Of at
tAchment.
Now, therefore, unlsss you appear and plead.
answer or demar 10 said petition before tts
morning OF the ID day OF the NEXT term Of said
court TO be begun and holden In the city Of Kcok
ON Monday the ID day of September, A. D. 1850
judgment vii BE- rendered against you thereon.
j. L0THR0P RICE,
July z, l660-dlm Atty for Plt'f.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28

To James Chapman.
VOU are hereby notified that there is now on Gle
l. In the Clerks office of the District Ceurt of
Lee county. Iowa, at keokuk, a petition Of Hiram
Barney, claimingA judgment ON foreclosure of q
morris 60 against you for the sum of two hundred
and sixty-four % 100 dollars. with ten per cent.
interest from the LIST day of January, .186o, and
speca and general execution against you, also for
tue foreclosure OF d mortgage, given by you 10
Charles Mason upon the north I OF the aeuth of
the ne. Of section l3, township s5 north, range
west, and claiming injunction against you
restraining you from cutting or renewing any
standing or down timber wood from said premi-
SEES, or causing or permitting Ii TO be done, and
also the sale OF said mortgaged promises to pay OF
said debt, the extingushment Of all equity Of rs-
dsmption therein, for costs and general relief.
Nov you are notified TO appear and answer sAid
petition on the morning of the second da, Of the
next term Of said Court, TO be holden ON the nsst
Monday Of September, 1850. or judgment and de-
cree will be had therein as prayed for by default
III. SCOTT HOWELL,
Solicitor for Petitioner
Ja1v
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28

NOTICE 10 hereby given 70 sill whom Ii may con-
IN thAton the 18th day Of August, A. d. 1860,
at the corner Of Main street and Second street Ke-
okuk, Iowa, will sell 10 the highest bidder, for
cash the following real estate In the county Of Lee
and State Of Iowa, namely. e he undivided half Of
the fractional half, Block thirteen ll31. Of Kill
bonrne's addition to the City Ut Keokuk, Mt the
corner Of 18th and BiondcaE streets OF said city.
This sale Ii made by virtue of a deed of trust
from Horace Ayres to me, made 10 secure the pay
mont Of note VI $l94 20 Hoskins, Heiskell 4 Co.,
which note being due and unpaid. am required by
the terms Of the trust deed to sell said real estate.
A deed will be made TO the purchaser.
SAM. II. MILLER,
July Goth, 1860. Trustee.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28
Legal Notice.

To Andrew Daniels:
Vuu are hereby notified that there il now =,
- me- 10 the tflce OF the Clerk If the Di.tr,e,
Court 81 Ice County, lows. at Eeofuk n.t;t.a,
Of saiineonrt Vanorsdall praying Tor the reyiyal
OF certain judgment which be obtained .sa,ns,
you in The sa.d Court, Oct. L. 1851, or The nss.s.'
sion n the northwest quarter Of section thirty.
~ ave tpwnshipsixty six north Of range six IVES,
ID said county; and one cent damages and eg,ts 80
salt, ~sets VI
And uniess you appear and answer thereto ON ~
before the morning VI tha second day u The new
september term IT said court, jadg msnt win be
rendered sgasnst you by default.
NOBLE A. STRONG,
1aV - iooV. In Pit6'a Att'ys.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28
sa-+ass sAs1si =. sesiasassss
Legal Notice.

TO Becker q Co:
V0U ARE hereby notified that there IL now on file
l. IN the Clerk . Office of the District Court OF
Lee county, Iowa, at keokuk, q petition Of
Barclay Shields, Ia partnership OF thai name
and style), Gled on the 9th day OF June a. D. 1859,
claiming OF you the sum of thirteen hundred and
sixty~six dollars IS money due q bill Of ex-
eAAnge drawn by j. VI. Ds ath Sons aud accepted
by You, and also claiming attachments which
was issued and levied upon the northwest half of
ote, block 50 Of The city of keokuk The proper
ty of A. Becker, one IT the partners Of Becker S
90. And unless you appear and snswer SAID petit
tion ON or before the ID day of the September
term Of said court, which commences on the lst
Monday In September next. jud,; ment will be rem
dered against you by default.
RANKIN MILLER
July q, IS60-dim Ati'ys for plStHg
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28

To j. T. Cave, Richard Piles, Milton Piles, Eaton,
Bro. Co, w. X. Crockett, State OF Iowa 20 use
Of school fnnd, G. Gafbsr; Ill, Ii. Slaughter,
6eorge Gray, Noah Bailey
VOU are hereby notified that there lie now ON ale
i In the Office Of the Clerk Of the District Court
Of Lee County Iowa, ut Keekuk, PETITION Of
Ezra Overall claiming against j. 7. Cave . judg-
ment for the sum Of two thousand dollars n money
due upon mortgage which covers certain real -
tate more particularly described In said petition,
and Ginning against all OF you the foreclosure of
said mortgage.
And unless you appear and answer said petition
on or before the Tuesday next alter the FIRST Mon
day in September next, judgS snt will be rendered
against you by default.
RANKIN MILLER,
July 10, 1880 I'm Pitts Att'ys.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28


To Melehor s. Coli John Henry Coll, Edgar @
Coll, Alexander w. Coll, Ella Eliza Coll, May
Teresa Coll, chi ldren and heirs Of Elsnor Cell
deceased:
V0U and each of you are hereby notified that
i there 10 now file I'm tho Office Of the Clerk OF
the District Court of Lee county, Iowa. at Keok NIX
petition and amended petition of Hiram Barney
claiming of Isaiah 5ilmere the of twelve
hundred dollars aud ten per cent. per annnm in
;erest FROM Dec. o, 1858, money due on q certain
mortgage made by him to Charles Mason and since
assigned TO said barney, dated June IS 1s53, also
cIairing against you and the other defendants to
said petition the foreclosure Of said mort gage the
same having been given for the purchase money
upon the Sc. 1 of n-w of sec. 33, and s-w. oi
n-w. OF acc. 80, all in Tip. 90 N range west In
Lee county, Iowa; for sale of said lands and gen.
eral relief.
And unless you appear and answer said petition
or before the morning Of the second day Of ths
next term Of said court, TO commence Ut kcoku on
tbs first Monday Of September, A. ID. 1860, de-
fault will be entered against you, the petition Ia
ken rs by you confessed, and decree rendered
against you As prayed therein.
NOBLE 4 STRONG,
July l6, 1850 dim Att'ys for Plt'f.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28
ORIGINAL Notice.


To Thomas Cross, Rodah Gross, Elisa J. Cluts, hi
Cluss. Henry Cluts, James Burrows. james Rey-
nolds, Frederick Zugg; Geo. w. HArdesty, Jacob
Bushy, Theoda G. Barrett, Wilson Barrett, Hugh
Worster:
V0U and each OF you are hersby notified that
L there is now on file In the Clerks Office Of the
District Court Of Lee County, Iowa, at Ksokuk, a
petition OF Amos III. Brown claiming of you the
foreclosure of mortgage on lot NO. 5 in block
liz in keoknk, Lee county, Iowa, given by Thos.
Cross and Rodah Cross 10 the said Brown TO secure
the purchase money Of the sAid premises; said pc
tition claiming also decree against said Thomas
Gross for the sum OF $7e6 100 with interest at
the rate Of tsn per cent. per annum, the amount
of two promssory notes secured by said mortgage.
Now, therefore, unless you and each OF you APP
pear and answer said petition or ba1orc the End
day Of the term OF said court 1T said place
be holden, judment or decree will be rendered
against you according to the prayer Of said pc
tition.
CUNTS, GILMORE 4 CURTIS.
July Ia, 1860. I'm Soils for Petitioner.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28
Legai NOTICE,


Legal NOTICE.
10 Isaac Gardner. William Orr, Oron Baldwin and
Catharine Baldwin his wife, Oliver X. Reeves and
Ellen Z. heey bis wife, z w. Merrithcw and
.:er!ss 1essi.s.s~ ais vie, J.ss. " los ersnam
REYNOLDS Richardson, Connable h Smyth.
Lewis Joaquin, A VI. Leopold, James Foiger.
Milton, q lein Co., Al. M. CARPENTER, Sill
Heaight, and ------- Orr, wife Of said William
Orr
V0U and each Of you are hereby notified that
L there " now file 10 the Office nf the Clerk of
the District Court Of Lee County lows, nj Keok uk
a petition OF hiram Barney claiming OF you IAaac
Gardner the sum Of eight hundred dollars with
~ per cent. interest, per annum payable annually,
~ monty due on a mortgage made by zen to CksA
Mason and since assigned TO said Barney dated
DecemberV, 1853; also claiming against each OF
yon the foIeelos Of said mort ge the same be-
ing upon the ia half of the Southwest quarter
AHA ths Wsst hasf Of the Southeast quarter of
section No sewn, Township aixty hive (65) North
Range West, Lee county Iowa, for the purchase
money andaurtaer asking for sale or the prs8-
lees, ami general relief "
And unless yen appear and answer said petition
on or before the morning Of the second day of the
noAt term at said court, to commence at TX eokuk
on the first Monday Of September. A. b. 1860, a
default will be entered against you, the petition
taken ms by you con fessed, and q decree rendered
against you as prayed therein.
NOBLE d STRONG,
jay ", isos-dim Plt9iAttyt
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28
July is ls6o-d'


To William A. Grhey, David 7 Brigham, George
Nj. Marshall, Samuel I. Marshall and Louisa
Marshall his wife, George G. Anderson, trustee
Andrew cregei, Peter Clarity, A. Kelley Il Co.,
Reed Brother, Duvall, Keigler h Dorsey, Fred
erick odelI, ii. Halstead, Josiah III. Bonney,
Wm. d X. l.. isuddick, r. Ware, jr. d Co.
NOU and each Of you are hereby notified that
L there Is now file In the Office Of the Clerk of
the district Court Of Lee county, Iowa, at uk
petition of Hiram barney claiming of you m
A. GriHey the sun Of sixteen hundred dollars with
ten per cent. interest per annum payable annually
~ money due on mortgage made by you 10 Chas.
Mason and since assigned TO said Barney, dated
June 70, 1883; also claiming against each OF you
the foreclosure Of said mortsage, the same being
upon W. and of S-W. OF SEQ. 81, Up. SD
n II, 5west, Les county, Iowa, for the purchase
money; and further asking for sale Of said prem
Uses aud genera relief.
And unless you appear and answer said petition
on or before the morning of the second day OF the
next term OF said court. to commence nj Keokuk
on the first honsay Of September, A. ID. 1860 d
default will be entered against you, the petition
taken as by you confessed, and q decree render ed
against you as prayed therein.
NOBLE d STRONG,
July IL, ls6O.dlm Pitts Att'ys.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28
legal Notice.


To Hugh Mecieery, James McGleery, Alfons Stan
islans, Vim. Ii Stafford, Philip Speger Il Co..
Thos. Edwards, I. A. Harrow:
NoU and each of you are hereby notified that
l. there is now on fie in the ONCE Of the CLERK of
the District Court OF Lee county, Iowa, at kuk,
petition of Hirnm Barney, claiming of you Hugh
McCleery and james McCieery the sum Of twenty
Two hundred dollars, with 10 per ct. interest per
nun payable annually, as money due on a mor gage
made by you TO Charles Mason and since assigned
to aid Barney dated April co. 1863; also cisi ming
against each of you the foreclosure Of said mort
gage, the same being upon the w. ! and 90 acres
OF the N. end of the II. Of NV. OF Sec II, TIP.
10 n. X. W., Lce county, Iowa, for the purchase
money; and further asking for q sale Of said
pre- misses, and general relief.
And unless You appear and answer said petit ton
on pr before the morning Of the second day of th
next term If said court, to commence at keokuk
on the first Monday of September, A. D. 1890, a
default will he entered against you, the petition
tak en- as by you confessed, and o decree rendered
against yen as pra yed therein
NOBLE d STRONG,
July Is, lS60-d m Pitts Att-ys.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28
Legal NaIicc.


To IS. Billings, William Ruddick, Amos II.
stebbins, X. l.. Ruddiek, D.A. Day and Mary j.
Day, A. C. Campbell, Henry s. Taylor, Jeremi alb
Day, John Ii Day, Michael Kelly, Thos. Kelly,
Mary Powers, q. W. Garretson, b. B. Smith, IT,,
Ezra Potter, William Miller, r. w. Phinney ID.
Woodward, SAINT Back, d, III. Annable, j G.
Parrot d Co., A. Bridgman Co., Patrick
McManpus, James Burrows, Rude a Murphy,
Kendall, Howe Co.:
V0U and each of you are hereby notified that
J. there ID now file In the Office OF the Clerk of
the District Court Of Lee county, Iowa, at Keokuk,
petition Of Hiram Barney claiming Of you said
B. B. Billings the Of two tho usaad dollars with
10 per cent. interest per annum payable annually,
as money due OF mortgage made by you to Chas.
Mason and since assigned to said Hiram Barney
dated August lS, 1855; also claiming against each
of you the foreclosure Of said Mort gage, the same
being upon Lot No. nine ~ Block No. eighteen
Qs) in the City CT Keokuk, also the East half of
the Northeast quarter of the Northeast quarter
Of section twenty-one CAY, Township sixty five
(65) North, Rang five West, Lee county, Iowa, for
the purchase money; al d further asking fer sale
of said premises and general relief.
And unless You appear and answer said petition
on or before the morning of the second day OF the
ne at term If said court TO commence at Keokak
or the first Mondiy Of September, A. d. 1860, d
default will be entered against you, the petition
taken as by You confessed, and q decree rendered
against you as prayed therein.
NOBLE & STRONG,
July Is, IsBo-dlm Pitts Atty's.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28
l.egaI Notice


To John Cowan, Stephen Il. Jones, Mrs. Stephen X.
Jones, Thomas Davis, William Garrett, j. c.
Hughes:
Vou and each Of You hereby notified that
i there 10 now on file In the office of the Clark Of
the District Court of Lee County, lows, at Keo-
kuk, petition Of Il. X. ID. w. Ford, = copart-
nership OF that name, claiming Of you the said
John Cowan and Stephen X. Jones six hundred and
fifty dollars, as balance due them on q joint
promissory note executed by you to them also
praying against all of you the foreclosure of =
mort gage executed by said Stephen II. Jones and
John Cowan upon real estate described a. lots No.
and in block one hundred and eighty-6ye in
the said city Of Keokuk in said county and State,
10 secure the pay ment of said note, with other
note Of $1,000 sncc assigned 10 You the said Thos.
Davis praying for foreclosure Of said mortgage
against all of you. and for the sale Of said prem
Uses.
And unless you appear and answer thereto on or
before the second day OF next September term S60)
Of said court judgment viii be render against you
by default.
NOBLE Il STRONG,
July I6, ISG0~ulm IltfTss AtLoYneys
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-28

LGR0l NOTICE.
To John r.. Ficklen Individually and as trus
tee OF Ell On d. Brown,) Isaac HALL Jas, b. Flick
len, Geo. Cabus, J. sse Newsome, Alexander
Stevenson, Jas. B. Foley, Rufus Wilsey.
V0U and each Of you are hereby notified that
L there is now on Gle In the once of the Clerk OF
the District Court OF Lee county Iowa, ut Keokuk
petition Of VIM. kuddiek and jesse Ruddck
claiming Of you John n. Fickien trustee OF Ellen
ID. Brown, and Ellen ID. Brown the sum OF
81 ,000.e0 with interest ut 10 per cent. per annum
mortgage made by John II. Ficklen, trustee, dated
March IL, 1857, to Rufus Wilsey, and by him a.
signed to said william and Jesse Ruddick; also
claiming against each and ell Of you q foreclosure
Of said mortgage, the same being upon Lot ii In
block 1877 in the Lity of keokuk Lee county, Iowa
praying for rale of said premises and for genera
relief.
And unless you appear and answer said petition
on or before the morning of the second day of the
next term Of said court to commence at Kcokuk
on the FIRST Monday Of September, A. d. 1860, a
default will DO entered against you aud the said
petition taken as confessed by you and y decree
rendered against you as therein prayed.
NOBLE STRONG,
July 10, IS6e-lm Att'ysfor Plaintiffs.
LcgaI Notice.
To James E. Bruce, VIM. q. Daniels, Stanton
Cady, d. e. Jones, G. X. Peek, Robt Ransom,
Miller, May hew Co., Chas. Bush, Eaton, Bros
Co., Duvall, keighler Co., dreenwAy, Bros.
Co., D. g. Hyde Co., Sarah Bruce and ID. l..
NOu and each Of you are hereby notified that
there Is now on file in the Office Of tho Clerk Of
the District Court in Lee county, Iowa, at Keokuk,
the petition OF George c. Ander,on claiming OF you
the said james X Bruce and William q. Daniels
the sum OF eight thousand four hundred dollars,
with interest and coats az money due on three
promissory notes dated the 9Th of November A. ID.
1906 and payable in one, two and three years with
ten per cent interest from date, the one for
teen hundred and thirty three b. 100 dollars and
two for three thousand three hundred thirty-threc
ss-l00 dollars; and claiming against all Of you the
foreclosure ct two certain mortgages executed by
said Bruce Daniels and Sarah j. Daniels, to Sc
cure the payment OF said notcs, certain proper
ty, in said petition particularly set out and de-
scribed, and upon which it is said you each claim
some lien,
1oa aivsv required 10 Iake notice that
unless you appear and answer to said petition on
or before the morning of the second day Of the
next term Of said court, to be begun and holden In
the said city Of Keokuk on the first Monday In
September, A. ID. 1869, Judgment as prayed for
will be rendered Agsinst you thereon.
EDWARDS McALISTER.
Soils for Petitioner.
Kackut Iul~, 1aRn A..