The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-10-24

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between the the free States deaf and gone
Parties arrayed strictly by geographical line Of ter
ritorythst line which marks the division between the
save and the states That u the condition OF the
country done this, Why, he has been very
successful observer OF political events does
that is the result, and the result alone Of the struggle
for political powera struggle to get possession OF the
feteral government for the purpose OF administering
according TO the tastes and designs party seeking
Obtain IT, That Ii the res all OF the working or our
governm MT and always has been from its origin
prefent time The republican party, now called the
democratic party party whose purposes policy
addressed themselves favorably 10 the American mind
throughout all the States and for Of years, with
exceptions only numerous enough TO mark the event the
political power OF the country the Of the
democratic party, especially In the Northern States,
more especially In the Northeastern Stes where public
opinion most concentrated and where population most
dense In tbeee States their the govern
ment was OF character that caused them repudate
democratic policy and keep them In a minority IL al
Ways happens In seeking political that parties in
minority will avail themselves OF any existing condition
OF things, be political moral or religious, which viii
best enable them combine political parties for political
purposes They took held Of the slavery question 1t
existed in the Southern States frs, because
nned TO certain States by geographical division which
exhausted their population. rheT took hold of again
because II was subject which enlisted the sym Dathies
and through the Vaccinations and ntrguss politicians
sgated aud perverted the Judgments OF the people Of the
non ehvehodibg States, looking at II either in religious
or moral aspect And all this has been done within The
last fourteen fifteen years They have brought this
subject into public view and made potential engine OF
political power attracting To 1t the attention OF the coun
Try and gradually dividing parties upon il We have but
for ent 70 consider and look al this thing exactly
charge nothng exsggefate nothing but 10 evisc,rate
the which have brought about the danger
condition Of federal relations All has
within the last fourteen years Here proof
| In the public addresses which have made IN the
lat few weeks 70 the people IN various parts OF vlr
giuia, have fetr satisfied that tho best exponent
OF the varying hue OF the political complexion
Of the different sections OF the country could found
by exsmipation into the mutations have taken
place In the American senate, have taken senate
the exponent because the Senate longest
Office The OF senator longer than that OF any
ment the constitution ordainpg 10 order that the
Senate mght be less subject 70 The mutations an nctua
tons THAI Affect states by transient and local questions
thst frequently arise Toe condition Of the Senate
therefore be looked the best exponent the
state OF the public mind Within the last fourteen years
during which time il has been my fortune to be ia that
body Of the hoaored representatives OF the State q
virginia the antsavery vote in that body has Increased
from being 10 the beginning almost Of utter insgnihcance
Ia threatened majority Within that very short perof,
copaatvey The Opposition IN the senate 70 the demo.
cratic party again mpore you N uoferetani that,
in referring to parties do it opponents Of the public
mind, ard not In any partisan lsen,el say, within the
period OF fourteen years the opposition 70 the democratic
party In the Senate 60 far the aboonists
ccrned, did not number thar three four There
| was an opposition from the Southern well AZ
from the Northern states; but this opposition
made up OF what called. at that day,
wbig party; and that party was North as well as
South and they had common Interest and purpose in
the management OF their Affairs Bat the elements abo
on when infused itself INTO IN At party fourteen yesrs
ago. amounted 10 only three four votes max
nl up committees this vote was looked at in political
Influence, far less political the deliberations
OF the Senate They were not felt one way the other
and we're placed on committees without any regard to
their political predictions opinions Nov look at the
present condition Of the Senate. Let go back ten
year,, and how matters stood in that assembly In
1851 take that period because the shorter the period
the better the illustration Of tho views that pre-
sent TO you-n 1850, when bad brought before the
councils OF the country this question Of slavery and anti
slavery very dangerous form, the federal Union
sisted OF thirty Saies-dfteen slave states and fteen
free states OF the thirty Senator's from the slave 81 tes
there eighteen democratic TO twelve opposition,
the twelve being Of the whig party have little ne
morandum, TO which, for greater accuracy shall refer
In 1850 tue same year. there from the free states
seventeen democrats and thirteen in oppoeton-amost
equally balanced. There but more OF the demo
cratic party from the slave States than there
from the free States, and more In opposition from
the free States than from the slave States This
heslthfu condition Of parties The opposition from the
slave and free s,atee formed homogeneous party They
bad party organization existing all the States North
and affiliated in all ihe states south, combined for the
common purpose OF opposing the democratic admnistra
ton because they believed It's general tenor wrong
But they were patriotic men, who arayed themselves 10
afAting and acting together from motives pure
and patriotic lAIpl.ussl Nov le. us see where we
ID at the period referred order my
traton more iptelgibe-we oil know that three states
states IN $780, end that there In ths senate
from the States i've dernocrats-a reduction from
nov the free States twenty
thirteen in opposition 10 1850 TO twenty Ave In 1850 And
are ,ness S Of The s s 0ns o.
called the republican party We call them
blacx republicans. (Appause) But Of the
States now from the free states, increased TO
twenty-five from thirteen within ten years, every
Ia an abclitiooist pure and simple. Now, what Is the
condition Of the slave States during these years.
have shown you that in 1850 there from the fifteen
slave states eighteen democrats In 1850 these demo
10 twenty eght-(o ud applause)-
and the opposition, which in 1850 twelve Of the whg
slave s,ses Il mi, day there are Of the whos number
OF Senator's but two In opposition 70 the democratic
", or TO speak with greater accuracy there 10 truth
hinton bxs an tha NJ M NJ Grttta
den goes and Mr. Breckinrdgc, not elected
Presidency Of the United states takes his place (oad
applause nj the mention OF the OF Mr. Br.ck
nrdse) adduce these facts for the purpose OF bring
ing 20 your minds knowledge Of the expiog truth,
free States - An abolition party pure and simple, and
that the causes which have Increased that party
ten years ION ihrteen 70 opposition 70 tseo'y hse 10
the south from eighteen 70 tventy nine The sane causes
bringing abort opposite results bat opefatOg upon the
public mind North and south precisely In the same
ner bring before you the OF the
condition Of the public mind Of the country the div
Where DO we stand in the south We have before Us that
great numerical majority existing In the nou.slave
eSan. s'sss 01.aum osns Tue pO'0ss1 o. inc
have Them bound together BY 8 common prnci.
pie and FOR common purpose, and that bcod Of
within tho last ten years; which has bad the cfct
OF empowering the government, taking possession Of
had the eject II pressing down ali political parties by
combining the fragments into party, nottor any
purroec u common good, but for purposes purely SEC
tonal, and which, successful only be successful
the erpensc OF the social condition Of the whole OF the ar
teen southern states We are 70 meet that Look at
exisu have told you, fellow citizens, that there
existing political anzaton where, " any party,
In between the free and slave staiea And that
docs not refer Political alone Such
the vicious and separating Influences o this sectional
question q slavery and antislavery that II has broken
up al Sscciatons every TYR moral, religious aud po
cai-between the people 81 the free and Stses
These who have succeeded In raising up tina, party
or The nef.rious purposes q ppns and destroying the
tou o. all constitutional and political right hold a
the very subject which o. all Others aied
Ia bring about the and destruction which
foyeshsdowcd II hes Already disturbed the public mind
70 alarming degree, both In la moral religious and
social chNA-sr The churches nrst hold 81 this
question Of slavery and tnis fact q remark
made by that truly great and ilus,ioas man. Jonn
Calhoun, formerly senator from SSuth Carolina In a