Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1860-01-06

crcse Of this power before that period Nay more they
would not have attached such vast importance 20 TINS
provision TO have excluded it from the possib NY oi
future repeal amendment TO which other portions ~
the Constitution were exposed. II would wen haNc
been wholly unnecessary 20 eugran on the hnh arue on
the Constitution prescribing the mode NJ it's future
amendment, the proviso "that no amendment wmcn may
be- made prior 70 the year 1898 shall In no manner effect
the provision in the Constitution securing 10 INC states
he right 20 admit The importation Of African slaves pre-
Wous 20 that period
According To the adverse contraction the csusc g.
self. ON which much aud discussion bad been cin
ploycd by he members Of the Convention, an aoi'
lutte null,y from the beginning and all that has since
been done under Il mere usurpaton.
II we'll and wise to confer this power on Congress-
hccausc had been ef the States s efficient exercise
would have been impossible. I'm that event. any ono
state could have cectuay continued the trade nor only
for itself but Tor all the other slave States though never
so much AGAINST their will Aud why Because African
slaves when brought within the limits oi any one
state IN accordance with it laws cannot pfacu''lI ne
excluded nom any other State whore slavery exists Anu
even all the States had separately passed laws proh'
ing the importation Of slaves these laws would h,ye
failed Of effect for want Of naval force 20 capture we
sayers and o. guard the COASTS. Such force no state
can employ n time Of peace without he consent 'i Con
These acts Of Congress- It i' believed, have win very
rare and Insignificant exceptions, accomplished ihef
purpose For period Of more taan hti @ "a ,5n.', @
there has been no pucepubc addition m m nYNo'' OF
our domestic slaves. During this pefnI, th,''
ment In ciyhtauen has t'r pN'rt '" i d. 10 bl ';
portion of The African race Ihc fht ana the e q
of Christianity have been extended 90 them and both
their moral aud physical condition has been greatly poo
Reopen the trade and Ct would be difficult 70 deter
mine whether the effect would De more deeerous 90 he
interests " the master those of the native born
slave or the evils n the master the oae most 20 hc
dreaded would be the introduction OF Will heathcn and
ignorant bsrharans among the sober orderly and quiet
slaves, whose have been The soil or several
| generations This might tend 70 barbari1o, dcnorelHc
end cxaspcrate the whole mass, aud produce ih most
dcplorahc consequences.
The effect upon the existing slave would. II possible
be SILL more dcporahlc. AZ present he Is u,tt' "Nh
kindness and humanity II Is well fct. well clothed
aud n1t oycryorkcd His condition Is incomplrnN bot
ter than that n the coolies which modern nli'lHs
| civilization have employed as substitute nv Ar' '9
slaves. Both the philanthropy and the sei'-nfefr' o
the master have combined 90 produce TINS humane 'i
But let this trade be re-openei and what " be t e'
feet The same 90 considerable extent. on neigh
boring isand-the only spot nov on carth where e At
riedn slave trade is opcul, nIera'ed ana tn,' in afn
any moment 90 enforce their execution
There the MASTER intent upon uc present gaiu. exc
from The slave much labor A. Dis physical power
capable o' cndurnz-hnoNingt tlai' whrn it" .'
20 his relief bis place can oe supplied AZ Prer
10 ue lowest point by the competition Of iifN Arcin
tr,-which do nut deem uossiOle-'hc nfer.. 'ee'"
character of the domestic institution Mhefcn
old aud TOO youug work provided f5r win rf'
would undergo an unfortunate change 1he fc'ins o.
reciprocal dependence and attachment "mrn no" ~
/ between master and ave "'Na pe e'A'e'''N '
( al distrust and hostility.
Bot we are obliged as Christian ana m9ieL @ lA "a
consider what would hc the eject upon aN",.Rlf N'
iecM II we should reopen ne slave trade ins
give the trade an impulse and extension "hlrh N pr
never bad. even iu its palniest days me nNlisi &
victims required supply b.. would convert ne Wh'i
slave coast into perfect Pandenonium, iof Nh 'l
country would be held responsible in ihe eyes notn q
God and man Its pety tribes would then be- constant
engaged In predatory against each oher TOT lh
purpose Of scziug slaves TO supply The american mafNe
. On ,he other hand when market for African slave
- shall no longer be furnished in Cuba ana mus ai ,n
world De cllsed az inst this trade may then ln4uH
roa-nuahe hone f1 the gradual Improvement nf Africa
y Tho chief motive nf among the tribes VIII ceas
whenever there is no longer any demand f7r slaves
resources OF that fertile bat miserable country might thc
be developcd the hand Of industry and afford 'noc,
fr legitimate foreign and domestic commerce. In thl
manner Christianity and civilization may gsaduall pen
(, otrate the existing gloom.
d The wisdom of the pursued BY the governmen
towards China has been sindicatcd hr the event WhH
vr sustsincd neutral position in the wagcd by Grea
Britain and France against the Chinese empire our Do
Minister bra obedience 20 his Instructions jud-iousy c-
,artri if the Minister'S of these Powers 10 OH pc1
al measures 10 secure by treaty the just concessions Dc
= u ts.f,ct r, treaties have been concluded vp
China with the respective Ministers of thc United state
grl,t n,t..n Fr4pre and Russia. oar -tr-at,,a aef
q oral elnvcution %, peace. anity and eommercc "'
e that empire, ueiudcd a leuHn ON ihe lo.h
lsis and was ratified by mo resident p{ any WIN "
Is advice aud consent OF the Senate, on The Ilft uhn
IS slNuWiug
c ON the ljh December ial'' Jonn j.. WAfd, n'''. n'''.
BE- wishcd citizen of Georgia was aul c'nni a''ut
- 20, extraordinary and minister pIenipoiruary 90 Cniu
Il u ief the United States i1r The place ot ns e''.
De- en inc ''A oi fehrnaty' lel', oga,'4s " wv i m N
- fed copy of this uuaiy, and arrived AZ 0h- %" ~
be- 2stn May From thence Dec proceeded % reAin uh q
10Th June, bat did not arrive ut shat eiy uni me ~
e July According 10 the terms Of me Ucai KS IT,
tions were De- exchanged ur before he l'h jun
4, 1859 This was rendered impossible by reasons an
Ia events bcyoud his CONTROL NOT necessary 90 detail u
IA stl it s due 10 the Chinese authorities a Shanshae
N state that they always assured him advantage shou
r b. taken of the dclay and this pledge has been faithful
BE- / rc4erwcd
s- On The arrival NJ Mr. Ward at Pean, he requested
audience OF the Emperor 20 present is lettt @. Gre
al cnce This DE did obtain in consequence OF h 'e
proper refn.al 10 submit 10 the humitaung cefomoui
r required by the etiquette of this strange poope 10
e. proarhing their sovereign Nevertheless me atetNet
N ON 'his question conducted u the most il'nA
e sidt and with an due regard his personal feeling At
N che honor of his country When presentation %
lo majesty found n be impossible the letter ol erear
from the President of the United states was received WI
IN peculiar h1nors By kwciling, "the hmpefnr 0 rH
b. Minister and the second man 10 the enpHe ID 'n' H'
be- pcror himself" The Publications OF The treaty ""r'
+; tervard- the 10Th Of Au2Hst, exchanged in pr
mrm at Prtsang. As the exchange dld not taNe Y
r. until the dag prescribed by the treaty. il IS deemed pr
t- per before It's publication, again TO submit IL To- O.
is Seuots.
be T. s but simple justice 10 The Chinese u'honur'
observe, that throughout me whole transaction ih} a
of pear tn have acted IN good faith and IN uendy s'
towards the United Sats II Is true thishss neen 0'
b. iH their Oan peculiar fashions but we pnBnt ' tesi
r With cuent eye the ancient customs OF an empire HA
n ing hack for thousands Of years 50 far ms TINS may
lc consistent with our national honor ne cpnuict
M our Minister on the occasion has received my entire az
as proiatiou
a. In order 10 carry out the spirit Of this treaty. and
o. giye n nm effect IL became necessary conclude tn
rs supplemental conventions-thc for the adHstme
aud satiscton of the elaine " citizens, and the ot
I'd or 10 Ak the tariff on imports aud exports aud 10 reg
IS late the transit duties and trade % merchants N