Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1860-11-21


against the bank. It was on that occasion that ne
| used the following language:
In the course of long fife have found that Govern
meut is not to be strengthened blythe assumption OF
fui powers but by wise and energetic o 'nose
which are ncontesabe the former never fails TO produce
suspicion and dsrus whilst the latter inspires respect
| and confidence u.u.oa - !.
the General Government shall be found incompetent to the
attainment of the objects for which vas instituted the
/ evil by amendment and have doubt that in such
event on appeal the patriotism and good sense OF the
community, it will be readily applied
What was the result of his experience? That the
| Government was never strengthened by the exer-
else of doubtful powers. A doctrine which still
prevails among the distinguished leaders of the par
~ in the State of New York, and which they can
never consent to surrender, unless they should be-
come recreant to the great principles which they
have always maintained But nc would not only
mote authority, but he would also quote facts
What was it which excited the first controversy be-
tween State and the United States conflict
which threatened to bring ruin the country, and
which was designated the reign of terror by the re-
publican party as it we'll deserved to be character
izen? He referred to the alien and sedition law,
which, by usurpng the power of trampling into dust
the liberty of speech the freedom of the press and
all the rights and securities which the people had
enjoyed, called forth movement the most glorious
to the country that could he imagined 1t drew
forth the celebrated report of Mr.. Madison report
to the merits of which he was totally inadequate to
| do justice This was movement of the aspiring
pride of the State sovereigncs, which, instead of
destroying the Union, brought back the Govern
ment to it's first principles. So much, then, for
State pride. If that State pride had preserved the
constitution at its last gasp it ought not to have
called down upon 1t such unqualified Reproduction.
The doctrines of Virginia saved the confederacy in
luton, which brought into power the wises and the
ablest statesman who ever lived in any country
| This was one of the benefits which had resulted
| from State pride.
In the case of the establishment of the United
| States Bank there arose also conflict Of powers
There were many who believed that it was
sumption of power not delegated to the Federal Gov
ernment Ohio was one Of the States which held
that opinion. This matter also was finally adjusted.
What was the next question which agitated the
country? 1t was the exercise of the power of inter-
nal improvement. That was not an expressed pow
err granted to the General Government 1t was
among the doubtful powers, and the right to exer-
else it denied by several of the States 1t was
denied by the State of New Hampshire, and by a
very respectable portion of the State of New York,
which held that it was one of the doubtful powers.
TIE right of appropriating money to all or any OBJ
jccts another of the doubtful powers. The
State of New York. and some other of the States,
disputed the right of the Federal Government to ap-
propriate money except fer the purposes pointed out
which had arisen from the exercise of doubtful pow
| erS by the Federal Government
| The case of Georgia was the next to which he
would call the attention OF the Senate. The usurped
powers which the United States attempted to exer-
else over her provoked the pride Of that State, as
we'll it might When the Government of the Unit
ed States undertook to tell her that she could not
| extend her jurisdiction the whole of her
snil she might well resist. This contention, aris-
ing also from the exercise of doubtful powers by the
United States, was at one moment pregnant with
awful menace.
The last, but not the least of the conflicts which
have arisen from the exercise of doubtful powers by
the General Government was in relation to the pro-
tectve system. Here the Government of the Unit
cd States had assumed the right of unlimited taxa
ton of taxing one portion of the community for the
benefit of another and more favored portion. He
hoped that he had thus succeeded in establishing
the position that most Of the controversies which
had arisen had their origin in the exercise of doubt
full powers by the Federal Government, operating
against those rights which the States deem necessa
ry for the preservation of their existence in sove
reign capacity.
The gentleman from New Jersey had held up the
constitution in his hand, and with all that patriotic
artor for which he distinguished, said he should
cling to the bond. l. too, said Mr.. B., will cling to
the bond; and while VIII willingly allow the gen.
teman to take full 'Asancc u Aot that in taking the
pound of flesh, he will not spill drop of blood
The gentleman had also Said that old Rome never
submitted to the dctation of any of her provinces
This was q luminous commentary Oil the rest of his
remarks. No wonder that he had spoken diSparag-
ingly of the States, when he compared them to Ro-
man provinces. This sufficiently accounted for the
consolidatory principles of the gentleman from New
Jersey. But old Rome always ready to extend
justice to her provinces Whenever the deputies Of
a province came before her Senate, she did not fear
to do them Justice. We may all beconingly fear to
| knf,va choulI fcor iO do iuStice
The gentleman from New Jersey had said he
would not strike sister State but would retire to
the wall He, MIR. B., admired this principle, which
so admirably accorded with what he knew of the
private worth of the gentleman from New jersey
But when the gentleman went on to say that the
dignity OF the country required that the laws should
be executed, he could not avoid asking him in what
| that dignity consisted? Did it consist in calling
out the military power, in bringing citizen int con-
nict with citizen, and deuging the country with the
blood of her chldrcny If that the meaning of
the dignity of the country, he, Mr.. g., prayed lea-
ven to deliver him from such dignity. He consider
ed that the dignity and honor Of the country would
be best promoted and established by doing justice,
and carrying GU. peacefully and efficiently the prin-
cples of the constitution. This would be worth all
false glory, all the national glory of which We have
heard so much 1t would eclipse all the glory of
imperial Rome and of imperial France, which was
nothing to the glory of just equal, and benignant
disprnsation of the laws.
One of the reasons which had mainly induced him
to rise was, to show that every peaceful remedy
should be resorted to. The constitution franz
r ed in spirit of mutual Difference 1t ratified
in that same spirit of Difference and it ought to
be administered The whole history of our country
conforms to that principle; mutual Difference to
all great interests of the country. The practice of
g the Government has been invariably marked with
the spirit of Cancellation.
, The State of Kentucky, in 1894, dissatisfied
fhoE Of &haT 1psfo Ctofoc
the free navigation of the Mississippi had not been
j secured. The Legislature of that State made
strong remonstrance the subject to the General
Government, claiming that free navigation as their
right They asserted that God and nature had given
e them this right; and they menaced Withdrawal