davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

Mr. Yancey, in his recent speech here,
wished to know whether the people of Vir-
GINA were willing that the sovereign State
of Virginia should be forced at the point of
the bayopet to submit to the election of a
Black Republican. He asserted that this
monstrous doctrine had been declared bv
Judge Douglas. Now, Mr.. Yancey ought
to have known better than to reiterate that
charge. It is true such construction was
given by some to his Norfolk speech but
SO soon as informed Of it, he promptly cor
rected the grave error. In his speeches in
New Market and Woodstock, and also in
Baltimore and other places, he distinctly
declared, and especially in reply to the pro-
test of dozen silk stocking fre-ea then
at the Springs: "Sovereigm States neyer
commit treason. individuals may do it,
but States never. It is a principle in this
Government that the laws are to be enforced
against the individuals who violate them
Why these nullifers and disunionists seem
to think that they are still living under the
old articles of confederation. That old sys
tenn was abandoned in 1857 merely because
it proved impracticable. The grand defect
in the old system Of government was that
the federal government had no power to ex-
ecute its own laws, and hence they abolish
ed that government and adopted the Consti-
tuition under which we live, comforting up
Cd the Federal Government all the power
necessary to carry its own DEGREES into eff
feet according to the Constitution" In this
extract it will be seen that distinct and
positive negation is given to the idea that
the federal government can coerce Sover-
eign State. ",Souereign States never COM
init treason" and as logical sequence, can
necer he eoerced. Yet Mr.. Yancey says,
that Judge Douglas is in favor of whipping
the Sovereign State Of Virginia into obedi
euce and submission to any federal mandate.
Will not Mr. Yancey have the fairness to
correct this statement at Harrisonburg on
tomorrow VIII be not give Judge Doug
las the benefit at least, of his own public
statement? He says he never designed to
convey the idea in bis Norfolk speech that
is attributed to him and which the imper-
feet report of his speech would SEEM tojusti-
fy. Mr.. Douglas is for hanging traitors,
and using bayoncts if necessary to enforce
the laws and protect the honor Of the coun-
try. He has no further use for bayonets
MIR. Yancey does not advocate the doctrine
of the secession of State. He is in favor
'precipitating" ''revolution." The diff
ference between Judge Douglas and Mr..
Yancey is this: Judge Douglas is in favor
of using bayonets to 'aolntoln anuaobate the
federal constitution IN all its parts de-
feud the guaranteed rights of every citizen
and every State under that Constitution.
Mr.. Yancey is in favor of using bayonets to
precipitate a revelation regardless and in
defiance of the Constitution. That is the
difference. Choose, then. people Of Virgin
ia, whom you will serve
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05
kIleghany College.

It w;ll be seen by the card of Rev G B Taylor,
tina II appeal is made to people in behalf o,
Allegheny College, the reasons for which are sta
ted in the communication. 1t is an enterprise
which has pre- eminent claims upon the hberaity
and public spirit Of Western Virginia. and the call
of Mr.. Taylor should meet with generous res
ponse.
ALBANY, Oct 3.-The Union ticket has been f.
nally formed Greene C. Bronson has been substi-
tuted for Henry S Randall as elector at large, and
the Douglas State Committee have endorsed the
fusion. VIM Grin, of Herkimer county, was
substituted for VIM F Allen for Lieut. Gov. Mr.
Greene expresses his determination to oppose the
ticket, and Mr. Brady will stump the State against
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05
Gov. Wise ON the stump,

AS matter Of interest to all our readers
we publish below the texts from which Gov.
Wise delivered his recent speech at Norfolk.
The account, as published in some OF our
exchanges, runs as follows;
teEx-Governor Wise made his first speech during
the present political campaig On at Norfolk on ed
nesday evening. About 5000 persons were pres
ent. and the speech occupied more than four hours
in its delivery. The following is given as its main
points,
''He argued that the politics of the whole coan-
try had been narrowed down to single dangerous
ISSUE First, by the joint policy of Douglas and
some OF his present opponents in 1854. Second BY
the Leconpton policy of the administration in 1885,
Ihird, by the attemp: persevered in until the very
assembling OF the Charleston Convention by fac
ton at the South, and especially In Virginia. to ig-
ncre the question of protection. II denounced
squatter soye reignty SIS short cut to all ends Of
black fepublicanism, designated Douglas threat Of
coercion as involving federalism and toryism and
regIrdcd Douglas explanations at Jones Woo e.
ana Baltimore rs worse, in this respect than the
Norfolk speech itself. He exposed the untruth Of
Douglas rretence of having repealed the princi
pies OF the Missouri compromise by the Kansas act
which repealed the restriction north of 80 80 only
IN the Louisiana territory and left it in full force
under the acts of 1915 and 1850 in oher territories
lie showed that the Kansas itse utterly denies
Mr. Douglas theory of terrific rial soveregnty and
also of Douglas ad captandum decison o. a slave
code, when Douglas has drawn up and voted
through more slave codes, like those in the acts
organizing New Mexico and Kansas than any
other American statesman living or dead He
said he would regard Lincoln's election DIS an
open aectaraton Of war against the Southern
STATES, and announced his own u willingness
tosublnit to black republican rule. Ia the event
OF such an election, he would first appea, 70
q ms own state to protect Southern property and
southern honor, and if Virginia shall refuse, lie
will then appeal successfully to other Southern
States. He urgently recommended that no State
shall wait for the action of any other State but that
each shall act promptly for itself. He does not pre-
Ter secession as the remedy. Rather than resort
to secession, he would prefer to see South rn men
armed under State authority to fight for the seen
rlty and maintenance of their rights in the Union.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05
Breckenridge Club.

DR.. G. r. Harris addressed the Breckiu.
ridge Club on hast Friday night in am ele-
quent and forcible speech taking extreme
Southern grounds, and advocating disunion
in the event Of Lincoln's election. He spoke
for over two hours. It was one of the finest
efforts we have ever heard from the Doctor
and more than came up to the expectations
OF his party friends. Many of his positions
were fal!aeious and unteuabls, in our opin-
ion. -t
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05
EeEarH3 f,Ny.rf.

The only case of Importance decided IN
this Court, up to the time of our going to
press, was tile case of the United States VS..
Willis, q Slave of D. A. Kayser, Esq, char
ged with Mail robbery
The Counsel for the defence, Messrs.
Baldwin, Hartman & Bell insisted that tho
q. S. Court had no jurisdiction, inasmuch
as The party charged with the robbery was a
Slave, aud not within the contemplation of
the statutes passed by Congress for the pro-
lection Of the postal establishment-and
further asked, if the C0urt should be of =
different opinion, that the case should bs
transferred to the State Courts for trial, as
there was no doubt of the concurrent juris-.
diction and the owner of the slave would be
deprived Of his slave without improvisation
if tried aud convicted in the U. S. Court
Col. Miller, Attorney for the u. S., resisted
both views pressed by the counsel for Priso-
ner.
On Thursday Judge Brockenbrough, in
au elaborate and very able opinion, sustain
ed the first position taken by Prisoners
&C unset, and turned over the case to the State
Court
This decision of Judge B. is the opposite
of a recent decision made by Judge fancy
and Justice Haiyburton in the Circuit Court
for the Eastern District of this State in the
ca Sc the U. S. States VS.. Amy; and is one
ofso much novelty and importance, we sin
cerely trust it may be furnished by the learn
ed Judge for publication. r..
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05
Douglas Club

Gen. VIM. H. Hartman will address the
Democracy of Staunton and vicinity, to-.
morrow Saturday night, at the Court house.
1t is the regular meeting of the Douglas
CLUB Let all turn out. The ladies are
respectfully requested to attend
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

DETROIT, October San election for legislative
and local officers in the upper peninsula was held
the 25th of September, and resulted in the cleo
ton of the entire Democratic tickets in Mackinac
Chippewa. Houghton, Wahoughton and Marquette
counties. Joseph Coulter was elected Senattor-a
democratic gain.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

Our friend. Rev. DR.. Downey, has again
placed us under obligations to him by send
ing us lot of nice turnips-the first we
have had this season. He will please &C
cept our thanks, with tho assurance that l.
IRISH Douglas turnips are not hard to take.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

We are indebted to the Messrs. Herman,
at Blake's Shoe Store, for Harper for Sep
sember; also for Harper's Weekly They
both contain large amount of interesting
reading matter. and number of ilIustra-
tions.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

The cars on the Central Road ceased run
ming on Sundays, the first of this month,
and now make only three trips a week west
of Staunton.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05
Wood! WOOdil

Those of our subscribers who wish to pay
their subscriptions in Wood, will please do
so as soon as possible, before the winter fully
sets in.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

il. seibels, Esq, offers for sale his
motley in the Montgomery (Ala.) Confed
Grafton. Mr.. s. is DESTROYS of entering up
on more congenial pursuit after the pres
ent canvass. The Confederation is l;ber-
ally patronized, and no doubt is a good in
yestment
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

We notice iii the recent announcement
of appointments by Gov. Leteher, that Por-
ter6eld A. Eeiskell, Esq, has received the
place Of lnspsstor Of Guano, at Richmond.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05
DEMOCRATIC ELECTORAL, TICKET
BreCkinrfdgo Club.

Howe Y. Peyton, Esq, will address the
Breckenridge Club at the Court House to-
night. The ladies' are invited to attend.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

State elections come off on the 9th inst !.
in Pennsylvania. Ohio, Indiana, Iowa and
MINI esota
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

Several editorial articles unavoidably
crowded out this week.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05
Electoral Tickets.

We are now prepared to furnish Electoral
tickets for either of the parties. Orders, es-
pecially from distance, had better be sent
in early.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

Fannie E. Chrisman is appointed post
mistress at Melrose. Rockingham county,
vice Ellen Chrisman, decd.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

We call attention to the advertisement Of
DR.. G. W. Hardin in to-day's Vindicator.
The property he offers for sale is one of the
most desirable situations in the county of
Augusta-handsome1y improved and in a
neigbborhood remarkable for its health and
the refinement and intelligence of its PEG
pie. West View is about six miles west
from Staunton, on the Parkersburg Turn
pike, and isa neat, inviting little village.
ANY one, and especially physician, wish.
ing to purchase pleasant home, and secure
2 good location, would do we'll to call on
Or HsFtiiR,
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

W. Lamb, Breckenridge. and L. H.
Chandler, Bell Electors, had fsticuff set
to last Friday evening during discussion
between them. The everlasting niger was
the cause.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

Judge Douglas spoke on the Goth ult., at
St. Louis. to 10000 people.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

DR.. Feasel, of Hannibal, Mo-, was re-
Gently bitten on the big toe by spider and
died in few days from tho effects.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

Col. Wiley Oldham, of Marshal county,
is striking some hard blows for Douglas and
johnson in the Northwest. Col. O. is one
of the most polished gentleman with whom
we have over met--seeking no political no.
torety, but acting in the present contest
purely from an honest conviction of duty.
1t is such mon the present exigcncies of the
country have called from private walks
to active public efforts. The People rersus
the Politi clans.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

Hugh W. Sheffey, Esq, Of Staunton, ad-
dressed the Bell and Everett men of Rich
mond on Saturday night last The Whig
speaks of it as an able and effective effort.
Col. J. B. Baldwin and A. II. Fl. Stuart,
ESQ.,, OF Stanton, addressed political
meeting at Alexandria last week. The Sen
tsnet says that Col. Baldwin is much more
effective speaker than Mr. Stuart, and Gre
ated more favorable impression With the
audience.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

We are indebted to the wife of Mr.. John
Beard, living near Mint Spring, for speci-
mems Of the finest apples we have seen in a
number of years-the Long Island Green
Bell Flower and Spitzenbergen. Also for
tomatoe of enormous size, in itself mess
for large family. These specimens are all
Of the Douglas growth, which no doubt ac-
counts for their size. They speak we'll for
the care and culture Of the farm, bestowed
by its owner, Mr.. Beard.
Staunton vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1860-1896, 1860-10-05

See the first page of the Vindicator for in
tcresting matter. The combination of the
tissue of falsehoods contained in the article
of John Hancock" is overwhelming -
Original matter will also be found on that
page.
East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1860-05-03
ters we know them to represent, leaving
a space for the one unknown
cath

ters we know them to represent, leavin,
a space for the one unknown
eeth.
Here we are enabled, at once, to dis
card the 'th' as forming no portion of tn
word commencing with the first g.; since
by experiment of the whole alphabet 70
letter adapted to the vacancy, we per
ccive that no word can be formed O
which this til can be part. We ar
thus narrowed in to
tee,
and, going through the alphabet, we al
rive at the word tree as the sole posi-
bic reading. We thus gain another let
ter, p, represented by {, with the word
the tree in juxtaposition.
Looking beyond these words, for
short distance, we again see the combina
tion ;4S, and employ it by way of term0
alton to what Immediately preeedes. w,
have thus this arrangement
the tree ;4(t?34 the,
or, substituting the natural letters, where
known, it reads thus:
the tree thrt?3h the,
Now, if, in the place of the unknown
characters, we leave blank spaces, or sub
stitute dots, we read thus:
the tree thr...h the,
when the word through makes itself evi
dent at once. But this discovery gives
us three new letters, 0, and 9, represent
ed by / +? and 3.
Looking, now, narrowly, through the
cipher for combinations of known char.
acters, we find, not very far from the
beginning, this arrangement,
S3(SS, or egree,
which, plainly, is the conclusion of the
word degree, and gives us another let
ter, d, represented by I.
-Four letters beyond the word degree
we perceive the combination
;46GSS.
'Translating the known characters and
representing the unknown by dots, as be-
fore, we read thus;
thrice.
an arrangement Immediately suggestive
of the word thirteen, and again furnish
ing us with two new characters, and n,
by g and =.
Referring, now, to the beginning Of
the cryptograph, we find the combina-
ton,
53ttt.
'Translating, as before, we obtain
good,
which assures us that the first letter is Il +,
and that the first two words are a good.
1T is now time that we arrange our
key, so far as discovered, in tabular
form, to avoid confusion. 1t will stand
thus:
East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1860-05-03
Of the character s there are 80

Now, in English, the letter which
most frequently occurs is 0. Afterwart
the succession rms thus 40 dhnrSi
ayctgEm 10 bkpq1s. e prcdomi
mates SO remarkably that an individual
sentence of any length is rarely seen il
which it is not the prevailing character
Here, then, we have, in the very be.
ginning, the groundwork for something
more than mere guess. The general
use which may be made of the table is
obvious-but, in this particular cipher,
we shall only partially require its aid
As our predominant character is 8, we
will commence by assuming it as the of
the natural alphabet. TO verify the sup
position, let us observe if the 8 be seen
often in couples-for is doubled with
great frequency in English = in such
words, for example, as meet fleet,
Speed 'seen,' 'been, agree sc. In the
present instance we see it doubled no less
than five times, although the cryptograph
is brief.
Let us assume s, then, asc Now, of
all the ,cOrds in the language, the is the
most usual; let us see, therefore, whether
there are not repetitions of any three
characters, in the same order of collec-
tion, the last of them being 8. If we
discover repetitions of such letters, so ar
ranged, they will most probably repre-
sent the word the Upon inspection, we
find no less than seven such arrange
ments, the characters being AS. We
may, therefore, assume that represents
{, A represents h, and represents e-thc
last being now well confirmed. Thus
great step has been taken.
But, having established single word,
we are enabled to establish vastly inn
portant point; that is to say, several com.
mencements and examinations Of other
words. Let us refer, for example, to the
last instance but one, in which the CON-
bination AS occurs--not far from the
end of the cipher. We know that the
Immediately ensuing is the commence
mcnt Of word, and, of the six charac-
tcrs succeeding this the we are cogni-
zsnt of no less than five. Let us set
these characters down, thus, by the let
East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1860-05-03

'We have, therefore, no less than ten
Of the most important letters represent
ed, and it will be unnecessary to proceed
with the details Of the solution. / have
said enough to convince you that ciphers
of this nature are really soluble, and to
give you some insight into the rationale
of their development. But be assured
that the specimen before us appertains 10
the very simplest species Of cryptograph.
1t now only remains to give you the full
translation of the characters upon the
parchment, as unriddled. Here it is:
n good glass IN tho Bishops hostel m the
derTs seat torty-one degrees and thirteen
minutes northeast and By north main branch
sereath limb east side shoot from tie left eye
Of the death's-head bee line from tho tree
through the shot fifty feet out
But, said l, the enigma seems still in
as bad condition as ever. How is it
possible to cxtort meaning from all this
jargon about devils seats, 'death's-heads'
and bishops hotels ,"
Il confess, replied Legrand, that the
matter still wears serious aspect, when
regarded with a casual glance. My first
endcavor was TO divide the sentence into
the natural division intended by the cryp-
tographist.'
You mean, to punctuate it?'
Something of that kind
But how was it possible to effect this?'
Il reflected that it had been point
with the writer to run his words together
without division, so as to increase the
difficulty of solution. Now, a not over
acute man, in pursuing such an object,
would be nearly certain to overdo the
matter. When, in the course of his
composition he arrived at break in his
subject which would naturally require
pause, or point, he would be exceeding
ly apt to run his characters, at this place,
more than usually close together. If you
will observe the MS, in the present in
stance, you will easily detect FIVE such
cases of unusual crowding. Acting upon
this hint, / made the division thus:
II good glass an the Bishops hotel an the
DeciTs seat-.forty-one degrees northeast and
By north-main branch sereaM limb east
from the kstT eye Of TIE DEATHS
dcad-a bee-iine from tho tree through the !
shot Efty feet out. p"
at left me also in tho dark" replied
Legrand, "for few days; during which i |
made dilligcnt inquiry, in the neighbor-
hood of Sulivan's Island, for any building
which went by the name Of the Bishops
HOTEL for, Of course, | dropped the obso-
etc word hostel Gaining no informa-
ion on the subject, l was on the point Of
extending my sphere of search, and pro-
seeding in a more systematic manner,
when one morning il entered into my
read, quite suddenly, that this Bishops
Iotep might have some reference to an
I'D family, Of the name of Bcssop, which,