Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1860-03-16

this measure.
But, it may be said that nm imposing O
ultra aspect on this question, by charging wa
as the result, and not the milder phrase, q di'
solution of the Union. In reply, would Sd.
that / rank myself among that class, which he
lievcs not in a peaceablc dissolution Of tn
Union. Not that I mean here either to den.
or conccds the rights of peaceful dl$seTcratI"
of one or more States from the cunlederac"
but | do mean 10 say, that when rights are dc
MED and wrongs inflicted which call upon I'll
States to dissolve the Union, then those yer.
causes will be sufficient to produce anu vii
produce active hosliIIties. unq,lal lied war.
have already concealed. il not in dlrec
terms, [ do so now. that | do not for a In
ment pretend TO deny the right OF nations L
resort to these ~rXped'ehts, ny virtue OF III
law Of nations. 10 secure rights and redre>
wrongs. Tattel, the standard author on TN
subject, rinuicates the right OF retaliation boil
BY way OF rctoEiiun and r~cprisal. and lar DC
FROM the either 10 disregard reasoning or &c
ject conclusions, which receive the intelligen
SANCTION OF he civilized world. But il, is tn
prrprirty ami Wisdom Of exercising those con
ccdcd rights, that | deny, c"en as between
~rliStinr; and independent nations, niieSS s'!ci
na.!prls are prepared for md actually willing Il
engage IN war.
II such be Just convictions in the case OF ma
tons. hv FAR more is II wi>c and Just AID emu
ncntlv proper that such measures Siioull ii
~r,ircIei aS between the co-Statc> ri this Cnn
feicrncv. whose union WIS c1,Sunnmaicd i"l
mutual bcn,i and general welfare, lot only II
their relation 5 with each other, bit MS" IN t!Ir'1
relations with the Federal & .vs:nIE,nt. Lei
ne here IMPRESS, as pertinent, tn" sentiments
Of George Washington. pronounced III his Fare
well address 10 the people Ul the United States,
wherein, after invoking them carefully t'guard
and preserve the Union o. the wilol", he says;
The North, in an unreSlIaincd imicrcoars.
with the South, protected by the equal laws ni
n comncn government. tinl>. in the produc'
tions Of the latter. great additiona! resources
Of maritime and commercial enterprise. atd
precious materials vi manufacturing industry.
The South, in the same intercourse, bcnetitiliig
by the agency CT the North, sees lis agTlcui-
ture grow and lis COMMERCE expand. Turning
partly into its OWN channels the Svalnen OF the
North. ii finds lis particular navigation invieora-
ted; ard, while it contributes in different "ais
to flourish and increase the general mass OF the
llllIDIluI NAV lrllIbll, H. HUNS HlITN u ~ I'S
protection of Il maritime strength to which Il
self is uneqnalIy adapted. The East, in like
intercourse with the West, already finds, and
in the progressive Improvement OF interior
communication, by land and water, will more
and more find Il valuable vent for the cnrnIio.
dilics which ii brings from abroad or mannfac
lures at home. The West derives from the
East supplies requisite 10 lis growth aud COM
furi. and, what X pei iapS Of still srcat'r cpn-
sequence, it mus; Of Ercrs>it;. owc the secure
enjoyment Of Indispensable outlets fur lis own
productions TO the weight, influence and future
maritime strength Of the Atlantic side Of the
Union. directed by an iudi.soluble community
of interest Is one ration. Any other tenure
b: which the West can hold tins essential nd
vantage. whether derived from lis own scpa-
rate. or from al apoSi"!c a'd unnatural con-
nrclion with any foreign p0wcr. must BE-
inlrin$:cally rrccari"us. While, then. every
part " our country thus fc!$ an immediate
and particular intcrcs: in GmiGn, all the parts
combined cannot fail to iiri. ~ The united nnaSS
Of means and III ,rtS. greater strength, greater
resource, lropoItionabiy srrht'r secrliiy Irrm
external danger, n les i~requci.t interruption Il
:heir peace by foreign nations, mad. what
is Of incs,iinablc %valar. they must derive
froia union iii exemption from these bIui!S
and war. between themselves Which so
Frequently GtilIct nci.hLuring countries, not
tied together by The S"ruc government which
their own riyalshiyS al,hc would he sufficient
to irniucc, but which opposite iprcis al!ian-
ces, attachments, Aid intriyues. you'll stiinl.
late and cuabil,cr." Again. he say ;.'llalm"ny
and Il liberal Intercourse with all nations, are
recommended by pulley. humanity and interest.
But even our commercial policy should lIuld m
equal and impaI tial hand: ncith,r seeking nor
granting exclusive !arors Or prefer cncrs; con-.
SuIling the natural cpirse Of thing; d'ifL>ing
md diversity irg, fy gentle mpans. the streams
Of conn.erse. bit t'rcin: nothing, establish NJ,
with rowrrS so d. posed in order to give trade
4 stable course, 10 define the rights Of our
merchants. and 10 enable the gov. rnment To-
sur,;or, iheHI. conventional rules nj inter
course, The best that PTca"nt circumstances
aud mutual o~pinions will permit, but tempo.
rnrv, and Liable to be, from time 10 time.
q abandoned or varied as experience and circutn-
stances shall dictate: constantly keeping in
vicw, that il is folly in one nation 10 look lor
d,Sin,rre>tcl favnis lIom anOth,T; that il must
pay with 4 portion Of its Independence, for
whsrcvcr II may accept under that character:
that iv such acceptance, il may place itself III
the condition Of having given equivalents FIR
nominal ~tavors, and yet of being rcproacncd
with insTaiitlldc for not giving more. There
can be no greater error. than n expect, or
calculate npnn real fAvurs from nation 10 ration.
II is an iliusinn which experience :t.ilSt cure.
which a Just pride ought to discard" Thus
graphically and pow,riullv is depicted ;hc
benefit Of unrrsiraincd rnr"In, rec between, tic
States aui sections of this Conirlrracv. and
harmony and lihera! int, rcutirSc with the
natinrs Of the world by him, who, by 4 long
course of great actions. regulated hy prudence,
Justice, temperance and fnriitutr. conducting q
ucnrle inspired with The same virtues, and
animated with The same ardent patriotism and
love Of liberty, to independence and peace, to
increasing wealth and rnexamplrd prosperity.
has mcritcd the gratitude Of his ei!pw-cltI!ens,
commanded the highest praises 81 foreign
~rntions, and secured immortal glory with
postcrity." Let every patriot cherish such
sentiments from such a source. and having GIe
regard 10 them. csclew any and every hGiHtf
measure Inconsistent with the pcncc('Il rc!a.
tiors of these States MS designed 10y the CoH'
~sli,uiion nr the Federal Union. Prompted by
a love for this Uuion, which this measure Il
calculated to cndangrr and not preserve. shall
be constrained to cast my vote for the Union
and against the measure. fearing To incur the
rruroach Of Mr.. Jefferson. when he says: "iI
there be- any among us who would wish 10 dis.
solve this Union, o: 10 change lis republican
forlr, let them stand. undlsIurbcd. as monr'-
mcr.S of the safety with which error OF opinion
may he tolerated where reason is left free TO
combat il.
Blu. while | endorse Inc opinions OF Mr.. JcE-
fersn,. 50 pointrdly expressed, permit me tn
saw, that | am for union only as contemplated
by the people in the adoption OF the Federal
Cous,itution-an union that guarantees TO al!
the States cqnal rights, and 10 all the citizens
Of all the States equal privileges. and the i'll.
individual rights of private property.
For the reason, Not that | love Cesar less,
I,lt Rome more not that ] love this Union
but that | love the rights and hnnor Of
the States more than an unliaIlpwed Union,
prostituted to wrong and injustice.
Whenever it shall become necessary to Ills.
sniye this Union, in vindication of the rights
re ;pdiv;iuoIS and States, which shall have