New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-01

MssouIi Prohbitory law Of 1920 and the articles Of
Texas alton. disposed by law Of the subJse, o.
Slavery in all the Territories OF the United Sstes Ane
the Compromise Of 1850 was pronounced ia,
final, absolute, and comprehensive settlement OF All
existing and all possible disputes concerning slavery
under the Federal authority. The two great prues,
fearful for the Upou, struck bands In making tad pre-
sentDg this adjustment, never aiterwsrd 10 ne
opened disturbed or even questioned, und the people
accepted il by majorites upkno wn before lhe NJ v
President. chosen over an illustrous rival, npequVo
oay the ground Of greater ability, even IL not more
reliable purpose TO msntain the new treaty vloiae,
made haste to justify this expectation when ConBreSS
assembled. He sad
Wbeu the grave shall closed all who are nov en-
REQUIRED TO as period dsd with anxiety and aopreasnsi1n
successu had terminated peace brought win sea,
upon the domeio institutions portion Of the
and involving the constitutional nights Of the states gu. no.,
vtbsndne differences OF opinion and sentiment IN eiaon 70
details specific provisions tho acquescence
citizens whose devotion the Unon can never be
security and repoe to the public mind throughout the
That tns repose to suffer shock during my ooi
II have the power to avert 1t, those VINO Pised me hse
may be assured"
Hardly, however had these inspiring sounds died
away throughout treasured aud delighted land De-
fore the national repose shocked ngan-sht cked
indeed as il had never before been, and smi,ten ms
time by blow from the very hand that had just re
leased the chords OF the national harp from their Utter
ance Of that exalted symphony Of peace.
Kansas and Nebraska, the longdsvoted reservation
of labor and Freedom, saved IN the agony OF national
fear in 1920 and saved again In the panic OF 1884, were
now to be opened by Congress- that the never ending
course of seed time and harvest might begin Inc
slave capitalists of Missouri, from their own well
assured homes the eastern banks OF Their noble river
looked down upon and coveted the ferne Praiies ol
Kansas; while sudden terror ran through all the
capital States when they seeming certainty tnn
at Last new Labor State would be bult on their
western border, inevitably fraught, as they SAG win
near or remote abolition of Slavery. what como DO
done Congress could hardly be expected 20 inter
directly for their safety 90 soon aier the Compro
m,se of 1850 The labor hive OF the Free States was
distant, the way new, unknown, aud not WITHOUT
perils. Missouri and watchful, and held Inc
keys Of the gates of Kansas She might seize the new
and smiling Territory by surprise if only Congress
would remove the barrier established in 1920. Tns
coniuncture was favorable. Clay and Webster, the
distinguished citizens whose unquestonable dsvot on
to the Union manifested by their acqu-
eecence in the compromise of 1850 had gone
down already into their honored graves. The
Labor States bad dismissed many of their rapre-
sentstves here for too grea; fidelity TO Freedom,
and too great distrust of the efficacy OF that new
bond Of peace, and had replaced them WITH parasans
who were only timd but not unwilling. The Demo-
cratic President and Congress hesitatsd but not long
They revised the last great compromise, and found,
with delighted surprise, that II was go far from con-
frirg the law OF freedom OF lo2O that on the o4aer
hand Il exactly provided for the abrogaton OF that
venerated statute; nay, that the compromise Itself
actually killed the spirit of the Missouri law, and de-
voved on Congress the duty Of removing the lteless
letter from the national code. Tae deed was done:
The now enactment not only repealed the Missouri
prohibition of 81 avery but pronounced tho people OF
Kansas and Nebraska perfectly free to establish Free
dom Slavery, and pledged Congress TO admit them
in due time States either Of capital or OF labor, into
the Union. The Wing representatives, OF the capital
States in an hoar of strange bewiderment concurre1;
aod the Wing party instantly went do W. never TO rse
again. Democrats seeded and stood Rioot the coun-
try was confounded and amid the perplextes OF the
hour, Republican party was aeen gathering i;sen TO-
hufyU with little RhOw
organization to rescue if it were not now too late,
the cause of Freedom and Labor, unexpectedly and
grievousy impeTiled III the Territories oil the United
States.
Twill not pQer over the sequel. Tho popular SOW
ereenty Of Kansas proved 10 be the State svertgny
Of Missour not only in the persons OF the rulers out
in the letter of an arbitrary aud cruel CODE Inc
rerect freedom proved to be hateful and intoerabe
bondage. From 1855 TO 1860 Kansas, sustained and
encouraged only by the Republican party, has bean
engaged in successive and ever-yarying struggles,
which have taxed all her virtue, wisdom moderation,
strength and martial courage TO cave herself from be-
ing betray ed into the Union as Slave State. Ne
braska, though choosing freedom is, through the d.
rect exercise of the Executive power overriding her
own will held as Slave Territory; aud New Mexico
has reased vount arly iuto the practice of Slavery
from which she had redeemed hersef while abe yet
remained part of the Mexican Republic: Meantime,
the Democratic party, advancing from the grouna OF
Popular Sovereignty as far that ground Is fro the
Ordinance of 1857, now stands on the position that
both Territorial Governments and Congress ave IN
competent to legisste against Slavery In the Terri
tories while they are not only competent, but are
obliged when Is necessary to legslae fori's pro
lection there.
In this new and extreme position the Democratic
party DOW masks itself behind the battery OF the on'
preme Court, if it were possibly true construction
of the Constitution that the power of deciding practi-
cally forever between Freedom and Slavery IN pof-
ton of the continent far exceeding all that ID yet or
cauizsd should be renowned by Congress, wnich
l. sIa...wo sl,arfFw arad abn
alone possesses any Legislative authority anu shoiu
be assumed and exercised by court which can only
take cognzanee Of the great question eosteraliy III
private action between individuals and winch acuon
the Constitution will not suffer the court to entertain
ii involves twenty dollars OF money Withou, .ne over
ruling intervention of jury of twelve good and law
fu men of the neghborhood where the litigation arises
The independent ever-renewed and ever-recurrlng
Parliament, Diet, Congress, or Lsgis-
lature il the one chief paramount, essenh Al ndls-
pensable institution Republic Even liberty. guar
anteed by organic law yet If il be held by other tenure
than the guardian care of such represent atve popu-
lar assembly is but precariously maintained, WINE
Slavery enforced by an irresponsible Judels tfoun'
il the competest possible development OF despotism.
Mr. President did ever the annals of any Govern
ment show more rapid or more complete departure
from the wisdom and virtue of its founders Dd ever
the Government OF great empire, iounded Oh the
rights of human labor, slide away 30 last ana 80 iar
and moor itself go consciously the basis Of capital,
and that capital invested in aboriDg mon! Did ever
free representative Legislature, invested with poTera
great, and with the guardianship OF rights 80 i'm
porant of trusts so sscred of interests 80 precious
and Of hopes at once so noble and comprehensive,
surrender and renoun.e them all unnecessarily, go
unwisely, so fatally, and ingloriouslyl II it be
true as every instinct Of nature, aud every pre-
cept of political experience teaches us, that
III fares the land to fastening Us prey,
Where weslth aecumulates, aud men decay
then where in Ireland in Italy in Poland, or in Hun.
gary has any ruler prepared for generous and con.
fding people dsappontmens, disasters, and calamtes
II. IL o,opto oft
States holds now suspended large portion OF
the continent Of North America