The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-10-09

"gods are determined to destroy they hrst make
mad"
The Volcanic State OF Europe-PrOgress
ofths struggle Between Revolution and
Reaction.
Events are developing daily, with increasing
clearness, the proximity of great struggle in
Europe, in which thrones and even society
itself may be again shaken to their founda-
tons, as they were in 1898 and 1915.
The centre OF oil the hopes and fears Of that
continent is now Rome. There the conflict
ing elements Of the Italian revolution are
about to meet-Garibaldi personifying the ultra
revolutonists, Victor Emanuel those who
desire conservative regeneration, and Pho
Mono clinging to all the forms and theories Of
the dead past As the Italian question has ad-
vanced to eolution consonant with liberty
and the spirit of the age, two distinct policies
have grown into existence In the school Of re-
volution. The conservative policy of Count
Cavour who aims to cement the walls Of the
Italian edifce as they rise, is not rapid
enough in action for those enthusiastic
haters of the old order Of things
These wish to see all the timeworn
and motheaten structure that has crsmped
society for so many centuries swept away at
once, and the ground cleared for the new crea-
tons they imagine they can bring into ex
stence. Cavour and the Statesmen Of the libe-
raj movement know how vain are these hopes,
and they strive TO moderate the Jealous policy
of the ultra revolutionists. Hence the strife
between Garibaldi and Cavour, which the re-
acHonists look to 50 hopefully. II the ultra
policy succeeds, we shall have q general fever
Of revolution all over Europe, followed BY ex-
haustion of the popular element, and return
to the tried organizations Of the past
There are numerous evidences in the late
advices from that quarter Of the world Of the
activity Of the revolutionary elements there.
Garibaldi exhibits significant persistence in
his extreme views, with . marked opposition,
tempered by forbearance, on the part Of Louis
Napoleon and Victor Emanuel Mszzini and
his followers seem ubiquitous In their restless
ness; with unmistakeable signs Of agitation in
Hungary, Kossuth adopts the Napoleonic poll
cy Of preaching peace to his adherens when
war is the object in view; and We shall not be
surprised at any moment to see vast re-
volutionary conspiracy develops itself all
over Italy, Hungary and Germany, aud even
involving France. Its outbreak may be as
sudden as was the explosion Of the Orsini
bomb, and thousand times more destructive.
That the time Is ripening for such grand
commotion In Europe may be deduced from
the analogy Of history. Since the time Of the
political revolution that was initiated by Lu-
Their, and out Of which sprang the Protestant
dynasties Of Northern Europe, II Is q noticeable
fact that every revolution has absorbed the
energy Of its generation, and no one generation
has been able to accomplish more than one
great movement. After the Protestant up
heaval the popular element subsidized until Vol.
taire and the Encyclopadiaists again awakened
II. Their efforts eliminated ia 1889; and since
then each generation has exhibited its peculiar
energy. The first Napoleon exhausted his, aud
gave Its successor to the rule Of the Bourbons.
The next tired of these, and the revolution OF
1880, obeying the guiding hand Of the patriot
Lafayette. confded its hopes to Louis Philippe.
He failed to satisfy the necessities Of the age,
and following generation overwhelmed him In
1913. The direction Of this movement has been
seized by Louis Napoleon, who prides himself
upon being man that understands his epoch.
Whether he does 50 the course OF events
will determine; but in addition to the notice
able activity Of the revolutionary elements
all over Europe, 1t Is well known TIA. in the
French army there is q growing dislike to what
IL known as the imperial clique.
In considering the present volcanic condition
Of Europe, there Is another phase Of II that
must not be forgotten. Much reliance i placed
upon what L. called national developemert;'
but the "nationalities'' OF the present age are
nothing but forms Of diplomatic expression
Europe today Is not divided among race IA.
tons unknowing OF each other. The intercom-
munication that oharacterizes the age has,
through commerce, the press, railroads and
telegraphs, fused all the peoples In one great
mas That mass Is divided into two great hos
tile camps only. In one revolution Is inspired
with the popular cry Of liberty and equality;
In the other reaction appeals to the conserva-
tive fears Of society. The conflict between
them Is inevitable, although II may be delayed
by wisdom and partial concession. Louis Ma
poleon now rides upon the rising tide. aud II
he can be will control Il; but to do 90 he must
understand It and sympathize with II. The
present struggle Il one OF the governing classes,
each being DESTROYS Of securing to its own camp
the fruits Of victory.