The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1860-05-12

ions of the King and other incidents Of the pend
ing controversy. 1t has been in type in our Office
for several days. and excluded by the press of local
matter, but we deem it of sufficient interest to our
readers to justify its publication even at this late
day:
KING VICTOR EMMANUEL TO THE POPE.
Most Hoty fdther:-ln your letter of the Sd De-
cember last, your Holiness requests me to main
tain before Congress the rights of the Holy See
must, above all, return myfhanks to your Holi-
ness for the sentiments which led him to address
himself to me on this occasion. This should not
have neglected to do until now, if had not waited
for the Congress to assemble as it had been re.
solved. Expecting to see the assembling of the
Plenpotentiaries definitely decided upon, waited
that might then in more regular manner reply
to the important arguments treated of in the letter
which you have done me the honor to address to
me. Your Holiness, in invoking my cooperation
for the recovery of the Legations seems to intend
to make me responsible for all that has occurred in
censure, | respectfully ask your Holiness to ex-
anime the following facts and considerations:-A
devoted son of the Church, and descendant of a
very plous race, your Holiness well knows |
nave always nourished sentiments of sincere at
tachment, veneration and respect for the HOLY
Church and her august Chief. Never has it been
nor is 1t now, my intention to fall short of nv du-
ties as Catholic sovereign, to essen as far as it
depends upon me, the rights and the authority
which the Holy See exercises upon earth, by virtue
OF the divine appointment of Heaven But
| also have sacred duties to perform to-
ward God and toward man-toward the
country and the people, which Divine Providence
has confded to my government | have always
sought to reconcile these duties of Catholic
sovereign with those of an independent ruler of
free aad civilized people, both in the interior ad-
mnistration of my States and in the direction of
my foreign policy. For many years Italy has
been agitated by events which all tend to the same
result-the recovery of her independence These
events have already had co-operator in the person
OF my illustrous father, who, obeying the impulse
coming from the Vatican, and adopting the memo
rable motto of Jules H., sought to deliver our
country from foreign domination. Dying, he left
me as legacy this holy enterprise-and in ac-
ceptlng 1t did not think that was opposing my
self to the rulings of Providence, which certainly
cannot approve of people being divided into OPP
pressors and oppressed. AS an Italian sovereign
wanted to deliver Italy; and to bring this about
thought 1t my duty to accept the aid of all people
OF the Peninsula in this national war. The Lega-
tons, Tor many years oppressed by foreign soldiers
had reyoted as soon as they retreated They of
fered me at the same time their help in the war
and the Dictatorship. l, who had done nothing to
provoke this insurrecton, refused the Dictatorship
on account OF my respect for the Holy See, but ac
cepted their aid in the of independence, be-
cause that was holy duty for every Italian citi
zen. When the war was terminated, my Govern
ment renounced all interference in the affairs of
the legations. And when the presence of bold
(oudacieur) general was likely to endanger the
fate of the provinces, occupied by the troops of
your Holiness, exerted all my influence in trying
to make him withdraw from them. The people,
left entirely free and unembarrassed by any outside
influence, demanded, even in opposition to the
counses OF the most powerful and generous friend
Italy has ever had, annexation to my Kingdom
with most admirable enthusiasm and unanimity.
These wishes we're not attended to. And, neverthe-
less, this people, which had but shortly before
given such unmistakable proofs of its discomfort
with the Court of Rome, as to inspire it with
tinual apprehensions, has governed itself during
several months in q most praiseworthy manner
They have attended to all public interests, main
aimed tranquility, provided for individual securi-
ty and the protection of religion. 1t is a known
fac t, and which have taken pains to verify, thatn
the Legations the ministers of religion actually
more respected and protected, and the temples of
God better frequented than they were before. But
however this may be, it is the general conviction
that the Government of your Holiness cannot
again obtain these provinces without the employ
ment of arms and of foreign troops. Your lIol-
ness cannot desire this. His generous heart and
evangelical charity will not consent to the sping
OF Christian blood for the sake of regaining pro-
vince, which, whatever the result of the war may
be, would always remain morally lost to the gov
ernment of the Church. The interest of religion
does not demand this. The moment is favorable.
1t belongs not to me, the devoted son of your
Holiness to indicate the surest means of pacifying
our country, and re-establishing solid founda-
tions the prestige and the authority of the Holy
See in Italy. And yet think it my duty to ndi
cate and submit to your Holiness an idea Of which
1
lness-taking into consideration the necessities of
the times, the growing power of the principle of
natonalites, the irresistible ouIburst which forces
the Italians TO form a union and organization
confOrmabe to the rules adopted by all civilized
natlOns-shOuld believe 1t necessary to reclaim my
frank and loyal succOr, there would be a way of
establishing, not only in the Romagna, but also in
the Marches and in Ombria, state of things which,
while preserving to the Church its supreme power
and assuring to the Sovereign POntif glorious
position at the head of the Italian nation, would at
the same time leave the population of these provin
ces to participate in the benefits which strong
and really national government assures to the
greater part of Central Italy. | hope your Holt
ness will deign to take these reflections into con-
sideration, dictated they are by sincere heart,
devoted altogether to his person; and that with
his habtual kindness he will bestow upon me his
holy benediction.
[Signedl VIcToR EMMANUEL.
TURIN, 9th February, 1860
THE POPE TO VICTOR EMMANUEL.
Sire The idea which your Majesty has sought
to explain to me is a very imprudent one, and as
surediy unworthy of a Catholic King, and of
King from the House of Savoy. My reply is al
ready on point of appearing in print, in the En-
cyclial letter to the Catholic Bishops, where you
read it. For the rest, am very much affected,
not on my own account, but for the unhappy stu
alton of the soul of your Majesty for it is already
suffering the penalty of censures; and even of
those which are yet to follow, when the sacrile-
gious act shall have been consummated which you
about. pray the Lord, from the depth of my
heart, to illunine you with His grace, and enable
you to see and weep over the scandals which have
taken place, and the fruitful evils which have
struck poor Italy under your cooperation.
[Signedl PIUs TX.
From the Vatican, Feb. IA, 1860.
VICTOR EMMANUEL TO THE POPE.
Most Holy Fdther:-The events that have oc-
Cured in the Romagna impose upon the duty
of explaining to your Holiness, with respectful
frankness, the reasons of my conduct. Ten years
OF uninterrupted foreign occupation of the RO-
magma, although grave obstacle to the independ-
of Italy, have been unable to give order to
ciety, repose to the people, authority to the gov
ernment. When this foreign occupation came to
an end, the government Immediately broke down,
and no person volunteered his aid in helping to put
it up and reestablish it again. Left to themselves
the people of Romagna, although reported ungov-
ernable, proved by conduct which merited the
applause of Europe, that order and civil and mill
tary discipline, the appurtenances of the most civil
lized nations, could be also introduced among
them. But the uncertainty of precariOus situa-
tion, already prolonged, was peril for Italy
and for Europe. When all hopes of seeing
European Congress assemble, to deliberate
upon the question of Central Italy, had to be re-
nounced, there was no other possible solution left
than to question the people anew on their future
destinies. The solemnity of universal suffrage
having confirmed the wish for annexation to the
constitutional monarchy of Piedmont, was bound
definitely to accept it in the interest of peace and
the happiness of Italy, But in the interest of peace
| am always disposed to render homage to the Su-
preme Sovereignty of the Apostolic See. As
Catholic Sovereign believe [ am not violating
the immutabe principles of religion, which glory
in protesting with tlial and unalterable devotion.
But the change which has thus taken place affects
the political interests of the nation, the security of
the States, the moral and civil condition of society;
it affects the independence of Italy, for which nv
father sacrificed his crown, and for which | would
be willing to sacrifice my life. The difficulties one
encounters at the present day are centred around
mode of territorial domination, which events
have rendered necessary. All the States have been
compelled to acknowledge this necessity, and even
the Holy See has recognized it in ancient and
modern times. In all the notifications of sover-
eighty, justice and the civil order of the State ad
wise the taking necessary to reconcile ancient
rights with institutions, and this is the motive
why, with full confidence in the good sentiments
and just spirit of your Holiness, beg MIN 10 IA
cilitate this enterprise of my government, Whlch,
on its part, will neglect no means ana spare no
pains to arrive to the end desired. Ii your
Holiness should receive these frank oVertures
with favor, my government, ready to render
See Would be likewise cheerfulIy disposed to work
in an equal manner for the diminution of the
charges and for the security and independence OF
the Apostolic See Such are our sincere intentions,
and such also, believe, the wishes of Europe.
And since have now, in loyal words, opened my
heart to your Holiness, shall await the result of
bis decision hoping that, with the help of the good
will of both governments, an understanding will
be established which, resting ON the principles and
the satisfaction of the people, shall assure to the
relations OF both governments durable basis.
watt from the kindness of the father of the faith
full favorable reception which may strengthen the