New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-02-13
THE YALE AGRICULTURAL LECTURE.
NINTH DAY.
From Our Own Reporter.

NEwHAyEy, Feb. 10, 1860.
Whenever, in coming out of lecture room, you
hear all about you people saying what acspital lee
ture p % how well he understands bis subject " how
many valuable hints he gave us in the hour y yon
may be certain that it q valuable discourse, and
such was the case this morning. after Mr.. Barrys Sc
copd lecture on fruittrees. Certainly never listened
10 more complete eptome of information on any one
topic than he condensed into sixtyve minutes; and
now that cit down TO give your readers the gistof 1T
my trouble is TO know where to commence the process
Of exclusion.
The subject chosen was the " Transplanting and
Management of Trees in the Orchard and Garden,
embracing variety Of operations which, If followed In
detail would require week instead OF an hour 10
describe. The general remarks upon the preparation
Of ground for nursery trees, which were contained in
10Y letter Of yesterday, apply to all tree plantations
Our readers should remember that the important points
in land treatment only be best done before the trees
are fet ont 20 that before send our orders TO the
nurseryman we should have finished our draining,
subsoilDg and Tenchhg. As TO Spring or Fall plant
ing, opinions vary, and vary chiefly because OF differ
ent nature and conditions of soil with various tree
planters. Mr.. Barrys experience If, that IN
a good, dry, well-prepared SOIL frot trees may be
planted at any time after the wood is ripe in the Fall
Ia period indicated not by the fall Of the sa but by the
perfect formation Of the terminal leaf-buds and the
changing tps of the oilage) until the freezing Of the
ground; and, in Spring, from the time when the rost
is out and the ground dry enough TO work, until the
buds have made some considerable advancement to-
as the peach, apricot and nectarine, should at the
North be planted Ill Spring, Winter acts severely
upon them after transpsnting. This is the better
mode, but Fail planting of even these tell
der, u,cy-wooded trees, Is often success
fui, if pIecaution be used. The Fall planter
must never forget TO mulch the roots with several
inches depth of leaf-mold, haf-rotted manure, or
such material as will modify the ALTON OF frost
on the roots and tree trunk. neglect OF proper
preparations for planting causes great loss. Tie
majority of trees from the nursery, by unskIifu re
mOva have mutated roots THE tree were set with-
out proper pruning, most Oh these roois would rot,
and those which escaped would grow feeby for long
time. All these bruised and broken roots must be
pruned cloee up 70 the sound wood with sharp knife
the chi being made perfectly smooth and almost straight
acrofs TO present little surface as possible.
Never cut the roots down ward as to have the
slope the UPPER side of the WOOD bat upward; for
IN any other the water would get between the
bark and wood and rot of the root, while If rightly
done new rootets will be put forth from the end
and all 90 on well. All broken branches must be
moved and then the whole .op be reduced by cutting
back half more han half, but always keeping the
lower branches, Of dwarf pears ana other pyramlda
trees longer and stronger than the upper ones. The
tree naturally pushes it's growth upward and this ten
dency must he restrained that you will get the bulk
OF fruit the ground, thus avoiding top-heayness
and liability TO Misunderstanding by high winds
Keep due proportion between root and branches, 70
THAI there will always be enough root 10 furnish food
and 80 waste of strength in supertuous wood aud leaf
production We aim at getting fruit IN large quantity
and of distributing II equally over the tree, that no
one rart may be overaxed, weakened Almos.
ninety OF every hundred purchasers se such store
by the nice long smooth branches Of their trees
they from the nursery that they spare the knife
pnd be, them out just as received Let them beware
how they are thus penny wise pound foolish, for
their trees are checked and stunted in growth,
and are left far behind others which have
been beidly and judci6usly pruned. Many
persons think trees should be MANFRED, ike
hill Of potatoes at time of planting. Such are likely
to kill their trees by ovennuch kindness. Good fresh
surfaceso-if light and sandy ali the beter-s hat
should be pot around trees at time Of planting. He
would say nothing abont bOle-dgging, for the whole
roll where trees 10 be planted should be 30 we'll
prepared that hole needs only be large enough 20
admit the rO0ts The roots should be set about four
five inches below the surface. In light sOAs they may
be ret deeper than in heavy ones, because heat
readily pafses downward The thorough cultivation
of the soil among fruit trees be neglected only al
the planters peril.
In fields Of grain the poor trees are smothered by
their avaiicious, uDwise, owners. When the rows
80 40 feet apart, almost any farm crop may be
grown between, bat ut least feet of ground beyond
the extreines Of the roots ehould be implanted and
kept ss clean ard a. mellow il would be about hill
of POTATOES or corn. No weeds must exercise Mr..
Douglass squat.er sovereignty privilege. nness one
wehes to siarye his trees che extent Of the food
these pestfeross plants consume. Remember this
point for il il Of the utmost Importance but IN putting il
into practice remember also that in your hand-hoeng,
or the tree r0os GnHt not be- disturbed
ght annna dressing d compost should he spread upon
tie suraof early in Winter, and IN Spring forked in.
Road-scraJiops, dtcl.bOt Gn-, aud such matter are
good for IIllcaton TO light roll, aud heavy leaf
mold, ana decaypg vegetable, with stibe-manure