Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1860-03-30
Agritultmra'.
Catechism OF Agricultural
Chemistry and Geology.

O. How many principal kinds of manure
are there?
| A. There arc three principal kinds-ves-
etabc manures, animal manures, and miner
al manures.
! O. What do you mean by vegetable ma.
nures
| A. BY vegetable manures | mean those
parts of plants which are usually buried In
the soil for the purpose OF making 1t more
productive.
O. Name the most important Of the veg
etable manures
A. Grass, clover, straw, hay, potato-tors,
rapc-dust, etc
=. Is green grass ever used for nanuring
the soil
a. Yes, the soil ID manured with green
grass when grass land is plowed up.
O. Would you bury the sods deep if you
were plowing up grass land9
A. No, would keep the sods 50 near the
surace that the roots of the young grain
could feed upon the decaying grass.
Q. Are any other lants plowed in green
for TIE purpose of manuring tie soll7
A. Yes. clover, buckwheat, rape, rye, and
in some places even young turnips, are plow-
ed in green to enrich the soil.
Q. Into what kinds of s,il would you
plow in a green CROP
A Into light and sandy soils, and into
such as contain very little vegetable matter.
Q. Is not sea-weed or sca-ware very val
uablc manure?
4. Yes, wherever sea weed can bc obtain
ed in large quantity, it is found to enrich the
soil very much.
O. How is it employed?
A. 1t is either spread over the land and al
l,,r ft, sir, in / ia 10 in
compost. or it is pat into the potato drills
i'll I le fresh state
.. When used IN this last way does it give
large crops Of potatoes?
A. Yes, on the east and west coasts Of
scotland it is said to give large crops of po-
tatoes, but Of inferior quality.
@ How would you prefer to make COM
post of sea weed.
A. | would mix the sea-weed with earth
and with shellsand or mari, if they were ia
be had, and turn it over once or twice befors
using 1t.
Q. Are there any common green yegeta-
bles that are plowed in with advantage?
A Yes, potato-toIs dug in, or turnip-tops.
when the roots are pulled, make the next
wears grain better.
fPotat1 or turnir-tops plowed in make the
succee in- barley or wheat cropso much bet
ter, that about Edinburg the turnip-tops arc
reckoned equal to eight tons Of iarm-yard
manure, or $40 an acre. 1t is said, however
that the clover which succeeds the grain is
worse when the tops have been plowed in
that it is sickiy, and sometimes talls altogeth,
er.
Q. How can you get the larg st quantity
Of green manure in tine form OF p)tat9-tops!
A. BY pulling off the blossoms the tops
are kept in green state till the potatoes are
dug up, and thus give much green manure.
q. In what form is hay usually employed
as a mlnurc?
\. Hay is usually given to the stock, and
afterwards put upon tne land in the shape OF
their dung.
O. In wha. frm is straw used as manuree
4 Straw in some places is 9r ell to Il C cat
tle-in other places 1t is partly given to the
cattle and partly trodlen among the litter
while in plaecs a. ain, where few cattle are
kept. it is SJmetimcs rottcl with water and a
little COW dung, and put on the land Id ii
hall-frmcntcd state.
O. In wlat state Of termantation would
YOU prefer putting Your straw int tho land'
\ raat w1u d d pcnl upon the kind Of
land
Q. Suppose you had to manure light land
for ggern cr5p
\ Thea would like 70 have my straw
pretty well ttrmcntel and mixed with the
Dropping of good many cattle.
q Bat 7alp1se You were nianuring heavy
clay anl during tAe naked ialiow before
er5p of w. cat?
/ would then rather have my straw
more loose and untermented. 1t would help
II keep ny land open,
Ghls 8 neral rule may not apply t. all
even Of our heacy clay lands Even stiff
claws vary in quality, and circumstances may
render inexpcdient in some localities what,
as genera practice, is the best that can be
rec D!nm .nd,u.
Q. What are the most important animal
manures
A. rbc blo9d, flesh, bones, hair, wool and
the dung aud urine OF animals, and the ret
use Of hsh,
q. In what firm Is blood usually employ
cd as manure?
A. In this country it il usually mixed up
with otdcr refuse in the dGnghIlls of the
Butchers In other countries it is dried and
applied as top-drcseing, or drilled in with
the seed. 1t Is one OF the most powerful
manEres
., How is flesh ernpl9yel as manure?
A. I 70 hr-h Of dead horses, COWS, and
lgs buried in sQi! or slw-dIst, with little
mari, MAKES Il most enriching compost
Q. In what form are bones usually EN-
ployed Is q manure!
a. b mes are crushed in mills, and then
.i.tci into the yarious sizes Of Inch bones,
aIl-inch bones, and dust.
Q II which oi ttesc forms d. they act
N ,st quickly
\. 'racy act no.. quickly in the form Of
3 |