New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-06-15

10 be the benehcaries, the preempors on the
Government lard, the description Of land brought
within the purview Of the law the price, and the poll
cy of the Government rs to compulsory land sales
First as TO peTsons The House bill includes all citizens
over q years old, and all who have declared their
intentions; the Senate bill excludes a but heads Of
families cutting Off young men over Il, large and
valuable portion Of our population. Second the House
bill includes in It's benefits all preeHpor now
on the pnblic land; the Seusie bill excludes
them but allows them two years to buy their lands at
the Government price, under the Senate bill preemp-
tors the land cannot take the qusrter-section
they are On but must abandon pay for il. Third,
The House bill applies 10 all land subject to presumption,
which covers al Government land not reserved for
special pur POSES whether surveyed not tbs Senate
bill is confined to lands subject to private entry which
are only those remaining after public land sale, and
the spectators have had their pick land-warraut
spectators, after land sale, could acquire title
at under the Senate bill, but an actual
settler would have to wait FIVE years, and then
pay % cents per acre. and the Land-Ofice fee.
Fourth the House bin gives the land to the settler
al $40 for quarter section; the Senate bill requires
$40 for quarter section, twice as costly the grad
uated lands in Missouri. Fifth, the Senate bill com
pels the President to expose the public land to sale LII
two years after a survey the House bill does not but
the House has passed separate bill, now pending In
the Senate, preventing sales until ten years after the
survey. Mr. Colfax added, there no land of any
consequence in Minnesota, Washington, or Oregon to
which the Senate bill would apply, and but little in
California, Kansas, and Nebraska. Under the House
BILL the Government land everywhere would be open
10 the pioneer.
The House then resolved to adhere to their own bill
without division.
Recess from A to o'clock.
EVENING SESSION.
The House reassembled at p. m.
Mr.. ELY rep, n. ~ Indicated the points OF a
speech. On the 26th Of March last be had the honor
TO resolution, which adopted by this House,
but to which response has yet been received calling
upon the President of the United States for informa
ton relative TO the practical working Of the treaty
cluded with Great Britain on the 9TH day Of June,
1854 commonly called the " Reciprocity Treaty.. This
treaty has at least years to 1t was he said,
commended 10 under the alluring guise of free
trade measure, and was christened by The name of
" Reciprocity TO deluds with the idea that 1t
TO confer mutual an reciprocal privileges upon the
people of both countries. The advocates of that ITO
plan theory universal free trade were led to believe
that il at least important step in that direction,
and that the mutual benefits and blessings TO follow
from it would vndicate the practical wisdom Of that
theory.
The important feature of the treaty and that which
gives ii tho title of Reciprocity lie the third article
which provides that certain enumerated articles being
the growth produce Of the Brsh Colonies Of North
America Of the United States, sh be admitted into
each country respectively free of duty. But glance
over the schedule shows there be reciprocity in
the arrangement. 1t appears to have been prepared
with special reference TO including every article OF Ca
madam production which can ever find market in this
country, and excluding every production Of this coun
try which could find market in the British North
American colonies. We purchase from Canada more
of the articles embraced in the schedule than she sells
to all the world beside To Canada the privilege Of
exporting 10 the United Slates free of duty the ar
Giles embraced in the schedule il one of incalculsble
value Ii is all she could ask desire for the schedule
embraces everything she has to export. To ms, the
privilege of sporting the articles duty free TO
Canada is but the barren privilege of carrying Goals
TO Newcastle"
He then proceeded to examine the effects of this
treaty upon our Federal resources. This branch of
our foreign commerce. instead of yielding annual
revenue Of some 81 COO 600 s under the operation Of
the treaty actual drain upon the Treasury TO the
extent OF about $50 600 year; for, since the treaty
went into operation, the revenue received at the var-
Gus ports OF entry on our northern frontier has
fallen off that the expenses OF collecting it during the
las few years exceed the gross receipts by the sum OF
$3.50 730 He further proceeded TO show that instead
Of stimulating domestic industry and enterprise has
invited the productions of foreign labor and foreign
Soils TO compete with the productions Of our own c-
zens in our own markets. View the treaty from
whatever standpoint you may, presents the same for
bidding aspect. Its effects upon our public revenues
and the private interests of citizens alike pcrn
cious. 1t is prejudcis alike TO the interests of our
farmers and mechanics, manufacturers and our
merchants, our umbermen and our fishermen.
Its operations wholly and thoroughly miscella-
ncous These points Mr.. Ely enforced at some length
Having discussed all the features involved he said
have az remedy for the evils TO abrogate the treaty
al once. II has been persisently violated IN the spirit
not in the letter by the Canadian government ever
since the day 1t ratified by yearly increase 70
tarln duties on American exports. us aHo"eu anu
manifest objects have been wholly perverted and it
has been used az a means Of defeating and utterly
abolishing the internal policy which II was intended to
foster and build up In conclusion, be declared Ills III
tenton 10 introduce bill TO repeal the act with
clause declaring all imports from Canada and the other
Brtish Provinces embraced in the treaty, subject 10
the same duties imposed upon imports from other
countries.
The House then resumed the consideration OF the
Senates amendments 10 the Army bill.
The amendment appropriatng nearly sS0O,0OO for
calling Texas mounted regiment into the field, was
amended by the addition of provso that ts shall not
be done unless the opinion OF the President, the
exigencies of the service require it.
Mr. REAGAN (Dem. Texas said that if this appro.
pristion not made the Governor Of Texas wonid
feel impeled by motives of humanity TO convene the
Legislature at great expense, 80 as TO Keep forces In
the field. One vigorous campaign, visiting all the
ealamities Of the Indians, VIII deter them from
further dcpredations.
Mr. OLIN rep, n. ~ opposed the amendment 9d as
entirely unnecessary. Every intelligent army officer
dsappYoves and condemns the calling OF this mounted
regiment into the field The amendment was urged on
the ground that the army was unit Tor service on the
Texas border. go
Mr.. McRAE Dem, Mss accused Mr.. DIN Of
cold-booded spirit and sectional preludices. He lOn
was convinced Of the butcheries but was not willing
70 arrest them. -
posed 10 the amendment because he wanted to put al
end TO difficulties by preventing p" hell hounds IRON
uouncng ON peaceabe Indians aud depriying them Of
their homes. >,
Mr. REAGAN said that the language employed by
Mr.. DIN was a deliberate and wilful calumny on The
people Of Texas.
The amendment was rejected, only isvoling III favor
Of il.
The Senate amendment making appropriations for
fortifcations was advocated by Mr.. WHITLEY. He
said that the House bill fol- this purpose appropriated
s67 O00 and the proposition pending merely III
creased the amount $50 ,UUO.
Mr.. CURTIS rep, Iowa. remarked that the agsre-
cate WAS a million and quarter.
Mr. WHITLEY resumed, saying-Our 1ortihca-