Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1860-10-11
ITALY IN TRANSITION.

earlv as Monday or Tuesday of each week.
ITALY IN TRANSITION.
Since the Franco Sardinian war last year, In
which Sardinia came out in many respects tri-
umphant, Italy has been in a state of transition
from a group of distracted, badly-governed' pet
ty little despotisms, to a confederacy of States,
somewhat similar to ours, possessing State and
federal constitutional governments. Garibaldi
is the hero of this united Italy; and Piedmont
with Victor Emmanuel as king, and count avour
minister of State, is the ~neucleus of the wished
for Italian confederacy. While count CaVour
carefully adumbrates the ,forbearance of Aus
tria and the connivance of France and the other
leading Powers of Europe Garibaldi, by a series
of brilliant and startling movements which have
opened the eyes of the whole civilized world
upon himself, has carried on the revolutlon'-
He has conquered the Two Sicilies; he is now
ready to invade Rome; and the Pope is prepar-
ing to ay his dominions, and seek refuge in Aus
tria or Spain.
Count Cavour, though we doubt not he is an
ardent patriot and wise statesman, is the power
in Sardinia that keeps in check this popular re-
v%olution. He has respect to existing treaties
'balance Of power" ideas and international law
and jealousy while "the great reformer," Carl
baldi. RELYING Oh the hold which non interven'
ton principles have upon the European powers,
and on the patriotism of the Italians, goes on
s'conquering and to conquer" in the cause OF
Italian unity. 1t has even been stated, and though
denied re. affirmed, that Garibaldi has addressed
a letter to Victor Emmanuel ''demandsng the i'm
mediate dismissal of Cauour and FARM" from
the Sandman ministry, and "thirty thousand
Sandman soldiers TO garrison Naples" These
demands at the latest advices were to be laid by
the Ministry before the Piedmontese Parliament.
The Ministry oppose them. Emmanuel in com
menting upon them says that he "cannot COM
ply with such strange pretensions from a man
whose successes seem to mislead him."
Nevertheless. what has Sardinia done ? She
has plunged into the waves of the revolution,
with the torch offreedom in her teeth and must
buffet every breaker to carry its fierce light
through the darkening storm, or incur the peril
of being dashed to pieces if she strives to regain
the shore. Emmanuel has said that he can no
longer control the popular movement, and that
he must head it or be crushed to pieces. In
strict accord with this, Piedmont has drawn the
sword. The grounds for this action are the
oppressive misrule which is the order Of the
day in the Pope's Professions, and the presence
therein of hireling foreign bands Of marauders,
chiefly Irish, who would sack a town for its
plumber, designed to keep down popular demon
STATIONS. The excuse is that by heading the
revolution and conquering the Romish provinces,
Emmanuel can then check its progress towards
Venice, and therefore prevent another imhroglio
with Austria. Yet, seve nty-four Austrian ves-
sells, mounting 900 guns, have been ordered to
rendezvous in the Adriatic and Austria declares
that she feels free, whenever it suits her, to at
tack the revolution.
The proximate cause of. Piedmont's engaging
in the struggle at this time, is the uprising of
several little towns in the north of the Pope's
Possessions. Sardinia, then, in the present war
for it is likely to be a war before it is done
with-stands pledged to aid the people in the
expression Of their wishes to resist the oppres'
sion of the Popish government, and to combat
the tendencies Of the revolution to invade
the Austrian power in Venice. To these ends
her king has sent into the States Of the
Church an army Of so, 000 men; who under
Cialdini have already fought the successful
fields of Pessa.a and Fidaldo, beleagured Anco.
ma with the aid of the Neapolitan fleet, and de-
! molished the papal power in almost every place
except the seven hilled city.
The final success of this revolution in effect
ing the union of Italy, after all the brilliant a
! chievements of Garibaldi, depends, We opine
t entirely on the power which Emmanuel may
, possess to oppose at precisely the right time its
constantly accelerating impetus. There is {
s point beyond which Austria will not endure
] and that point is an actual or probable attach
&. upon Venice. Another imbroglio with her nigh
( lose all. It is an anxious hour for the far-and'
: wide-seeing Italian patriot. Liberty is jus
within her grasp. Will she by one rash steI
. bring on another war, and thereby lose all ?
Will the diving waters" of hope and 'the gold
en- fruits" of ~fiuition, recede as the waves and
. branches did from the hunger!ng and ~thirstinl
lips of Tantalus? Will she, to grasp the shadow
of Venice, let fall from her mouth the substance
, of an Italian Confederacy? 1t is an anxious mo
ment, We say, for the liberties of Italy, the peac
of Europe, and in som degree the prosperity 0
i the world. To show how we of the South eve
q far away as we are-are effected by thes
y events, the announcement in London of the sim
> pe fact that the Pope was about to leave hi
dominions caused a fractional advance in tn
) price of cotton because it was regarded as
e movement looking to a diminished complication
and speedier settlement of the Italian question
K Every pulse of freedom in the old-world is fell
with a gigantic throb across the sea-"
4 THE BROGAN MOVEMENT.
An enquiry made in a recent number OF IN
Southern Guardian, whether negro shoes