The Potter journal. [volume] (Coudersport, Pa.) 1857-1872, 1860-11-29
TERMS --sl.25 PER AMNUM.
Adjourned till q

-
ed an exercise in Englisi qramnar.-@
After hearing and correcting several COM
positions, written by the members of the
Institute, he sent several Teachers to the
black board to write al outline of the
Noun, Adjective, Verb aud Pronoun.
o'clock, Prof. J. A. Cooper heard d
recitation in Geography; review of pre-
vious lesson. Advanced lesson; Physical
Geography treats of the materials. ard
structure of the earth, and the distribu-
ton of organic life There are sixty-one
elements in Nature, Il of which compose
the principal portions of the globe; but
! few of these are found in a simple state
but occur in combination5-two or more:
The map of the land is composed of sur
face soil, aud underlying rocks. Rocks
are divided into two classes, Iqucous and
Aqueous.
The central portions of the earth are
supposed to be in a molten state. Proofs
Five lines of volcanoes encircling the
globe in diverse directions, hot springs in
all quarters of the earth increase of tenn
perature downward, as we descend into
the earth ; remains of Tropical vegetation
in the Arctic regions; form of the earth
mperature-variabl at the surface
invariable so or 90 feet below the SUR
face, increasing as we descend 10 Cone
degree) every 81 feet.
General divisions of lard their con.
tours aud rcliefs all the lands of the
globe widen toward the north; pointed
toward the south, the southern points Hud
in high and rocky bluffs islands east of
the southern points. The land of the
globe may be arranged in three-doubIe
worlds, Joined by isthmuses, peninsular
on one side of the isthmus, an archipelago
on the other The land may be divided
into two worlds, the Old and the New
the Old longest from east to West, the New
from North to South. The Earth mag
also be divided into land and water
hemisphere, the land hemisphere con-
tainibg 9-l0 of all the land on the globe;
and England being located at its pole.
The grand divisions ofthe world have some
simiiarities and some diversities. Africa
is compact, being closed against the sea;
and dirsoidal in form. Asla's coas. line
is more broken, many points, sometimes
whole countries being thrust out into the
ocean. Europe is still more broken III
its contour, admitting the sea in every
direction Africa body without limbs
Asia trunk with many brances, In Eu:
rope the branches over-rule the body. In
America the same contrasts are repeated:
South America has fewer indeutations
than North All the northern lands are
more or less indented, the southern are
without indentations. Definition of hill.
Valley, mouatains, plain, plateau &c
/ Distinction between chain, peak, system
and range of mountains. Plains in diff:
fercnt parts of the Globe receive differ
ent names prairie selvas, slomas, pampas;
heaths.
The physical position of a place is its
elevation above the sea, this has great in.
fuence upon its climate, as every $50
feet of elevation gives 10 Zone degreeJ
less temperature. The reliefs of cont.
nents should be studied, though varied
they may be chased into linear elevationsi
aud elevations by great surfaces great
surfaces slightly elevated are called plains;
when considerably elevated pleateaus.
AL continents rise gradually from the
sea to line Of greatest elevations. LII
all this line of maximum swell is placed
one side of the centre thus thre are two
slopes of unequal length. In the Eas;
tern hemisphere the long slope is toward
the north, the short toward the south.
In the western the long slope toward the
cast, the short toward the west There
is common law of elevation, governing
both the linear and mass eleyations.-
There is gradual increase of elevation
from the poles toward the tropics. The
points of highest elevation are near the
tropics. All long and gentle slopes are
towards the Atlantic and Arctic ocean
all short and abrupt, toward the Pacific
and Indian. Around the Pacific are
found the principle volcanoes of the
world, where they seem TO form burn.
ing crown. Sd exercise Prof: Sanders
conducted an exercise iu Elocution, III
which all the members of the Institute
participated. He strongly urged the i'm.
portance of the culture of the human
voice. ICLx44-g- Ir-g-z,/J
EVENING SESSION.
Question discussed was-To what ex-
tent ought teachers to use the Text book
This question was discussed by Messrs.
Maynard, Clark, Lewis, Styles, Gilllland;
Cocord and Sanders, and by Misses
Clark, Fox, Lyman, Hacket, and others.
A Lecture was them given by Prof:
Pfardfeld, on the qualities, properties
and powers of the Human miLd. After
which Prof. Sanders delighted the audi
ence with specimens Of his inimitablei
reading