New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-06

raid. IN net revenue into the Treasury Of the United
Sta,ssthe balance 70 be absorbed by tho specn ator
The Government, by its exstisg land policy has
TINA cansed to be distracted from the earnings of its
hardy pioneers emost 81 900 000 for the mere phi
vlege Of enjoying one of Code bounties TO man. lns
large amount has been distracted from the son OF 'c
without rendering any equivalent permit from
the State 10 occupy Wilderness 70 which not DAY or
honr Of man labor had been applied TO change It from
the condition IN which the God OF Nature madeh why
should Governments eeze upon any oil The DounueS oi
God 10 map and make them source OF revenue
While the earth created for the whole human lam
ly and was made its abiding place through the p''.
eimage of this life, and since the hour OF the primal
eursa In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat oe I'D
man has been forced the cultivation OF the soil TO OBJ
tain snh is.snce for himself and the means Of promot
ing the welfare Of the race, why should governments
wrest from him the right 70 apply nus soor 10 sucn a
occupied portion ofthe earths surface as may be neces
cary for his support until he has contributed to the rev.
enues of the state, any more than 10 permit him to
breathe the air, enjoy the sunlight, or qus from the
rils and rivers Of the earth II would be just as
nehtfnl were possible TO be DONE to survey the ut
mosphere off into quarter sections, and transfer by
parchment titles divide the into quantum of rays
and dole it out TO cropping mortas at a price; or
arch over the waters of the earth into vast reser-
voirs and sell il 10 dying men. Ia the language
of remarks heretofore made on this subject, why has
this claim of man TO monopoize any OF the gifts OF tod
TO been confined, by legal Codes 10 the SOIL alone
lie there any other reason than that which, having Its
origin in feudal tmes-under system that regarded
man as an appendage of the soil that he titled, and
whose life liberty and happiness were but means Of
increasing the pie ssures pamperng the passions and
appetites of his ege lord-8nd, having once found
place in the books Il has been retained by the
erepce whsh man is wont TO pay TO the past and TO
time honored preoedents7 The human mind is so con-
stitued that It is prone TO regard right what has
| come down 10 us approved by long usage and bal
lowed by gray age. IL is claim that had It's origin
with the Kindred idea that royal blood flows only IN
the veins of exclusive few, whose souls are more
ethereal because born amid the glitter of courts and
Graded amid the pomp of lords and eoursers; and,
therefore, they 10 be Installed as rule re- ana law
qvers OF the Most OF the evils that afet socley
have had their origin in violence and wrong enacted
into law by the experience of the past and retained by
! the pIeludces Of the present.
| Isit hot time you SWEPT from the eatute-book its
still-lnge1ing relics OF feudalisml blsed ont toe
| principles eDeTaftsd upon IL by the narrow-mlnded
policy Of other times, and adapted The Legislation OF
the country TO the sPns Of the age ana 70 Inc s1tg
For if man has right on earth, he has rleht 70
land enough to habtation on. If he has right
20 i've he has right TO the free use OF whatever ma"
ture has provided for his suseuance-ar TO breathe,
water to drink and land enough 10 cultivate for his
subsistence; for these the necessary and nals-
pensable means for the enjoyment OF his inahena5e
| rights Of "lfe, liberty, and the pursuit OF hap
piness." And is it for Government that claims 10
dispense equal and justice 10 all classes OF men,
and that has laid down correct principles in its great
chart of human rights violate those principles, and
its solemn declarations in its legislative enactmeDts
The struggle between capital and la Dor an unequal
one at best. 1t is struggle between the bones ana
| sineWe oil men ana 00Hure dnu CENTS. Anu III hla'
struggle is it for the Government 10 stretch forth us
arm To aid the strong against the weak Shall con-
tnue by its legislation elevate and enrich ideness
on the wall and the wo of industry
For if the rule be correct as applied TO Governments
as well individuals, that whenever person permits
another 10 DO, having the right and means to prevent
IT, he does himse then indeed s the Government re-
sponsibe for all the evils that may result ron speeua-
ton and land monopoly in your public domain. For 1t
il not denied that Congress has the power 70 make
any regulations for the disposal of these lands not in
juIioUs to the general welfare. Now, when new
tract s surveyed, and yOu open your l1ndUlnce ana
EXPOSE il TO Gale the with the most money Is the
| largest purchaser. The moot desirable and available
locations seized upon by the capitalists Of the conn-
try, who seek that kind of investment. Your settler
who chances not to have preGmption right or 70 be
there at tho time of sale, when be comes to seek
home for himself and his family must pay the speca-
iator three four hundred per cent on his Investment
or epcounter the trials and hardshps of still more
remote border life. And thus, under the operation OF
laws that you call equal and just you take from the
settler three or four dollars per acre. and put 1t IN the
pocket of the speculator-thus, by the operation Of
your law, abstractiDg 30 much OF his hard earnings
for the benefit Of capital; for lot hours labor has
been applied 10 the land since il cold by the Gov
eminent nor is il more valuable TO the settler Has
Lot the laboIeT right 10 complain Of legislation that
eOmpels him TO endure greater tolls and hardships,
contribute portion of his earnings for the benefit of
he capitalist But not upon the capitalist or the
speculstOr is II proper that the blame should fall Man
must geek livelihood and do business under the laws
Of the country; and whatever rights he NAV acquire
uI06r the laws, tnougn thsy may Do wrong, yeb tne
welbeing of society requires that they be respected
and faithfully observed II person engage IN bust
ness egalzed ard regulated by the laws and uses no
fraud deception in s pursuit. and evils result to the
community, let them apply the remedy to the proper
source; that is TO the lew-making power. The laws
sDd the law makers are responsible for whatever evils
| necessarily grow out of their enactments.
In order TO secure 10 labor its earnings far as is
possible, by legssti action and 10 strengthen the
elements OF national greatness and power Why should
not the legislation of the country be changed 20
prevent for the future the evils OF land monopoly by
setting apart the vast and unoccuped territories OF the
Union and Grating them forever in free homes for
| free msIl
! Mr.. MAYEARD-May be allowed to sex my friend
| from Pennsylvania question:
Mr.. GRow-CertaiDIy.
| Mr. MAYEARD-I il this: whether he is in favor,
otherwise of allowing the old soldier his assignee 10
| locate his land warrant on the public domain
| Mr.. Grow always answer questions that are per
tinent 10 the point under discussion, not other~ise
am not arguing sny question about warrants bat
about the proper disposition TO be made Of the public
isrds. 90 not see the ap olicabiy of the geneman's
question: must therefore pass il by as do not wish
| 10 be diverted from my argument.
| Mr.. MAYNARD-The gentleman IL mistaken about
| the object Of my question.
| Mr.. GROw-I would provide in our land policy for
securing homeseads for actual settlers; and whatever
| bounties the Government should grant 10 The old
soldiers / would have made in money AND not in land
! warrants, which arc bought in most by the
speculstor, easier aid cheaper mode OF acquiring
tire public lands. So they only facilitate land monopoly
The who 90 forth at the call OF their country TO
uphold liz standard and vindicate its honor desery
ing, il is trne, of substantial reward than tears
TO the dead and thanks TO the living hot there
soldiers Of peace as well Of war; and though no
| waving plume beckons them on 10 glory or to
! death, their dying ia oft crimson They
| fall leading the of civilization along urrrOddPn