The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-06-22
fHE CANADIAN RECIPROCITY TREATY.
|aneiSb Report Of Commissioners Rateh-The
Treaty Prsneunecd Injurious 70 The Unitcd
states-Its Abregatisn Recommended,
Ae., &e., &es

states-Its Ahregatien Recommended,
Ae., be-, &C.
MIR Israel T. Hatch who was charged with the special
examining the operations OF the revenue laws and
h reciprocity treaty with Canada has reported 10 Con-
rss adversely to the continuation Of the treaty Sub
bmed is an abstract of the report which quite long
admit Of its insertion in full in our columns
% Hon. HOWELL CoBB, Secretary of the Treasury
In xischarging the special duty assigned to me- of ex-
mining the operations Of the laws and the
pr6city treaty Northern frontier, with Canada
eg leave report that have visited the principal points
between those countries Cor the purpose Of
squirting practical information, and have also had in
erviews and correspondence with leading individuals
those interests affected by the treaty and who are
ngagcd the various pursuits Of trade agriculture and
manufactures The personal observation ! have thus
enabled give the workings OF the treaty at the
Aces where its effects perhaps most perceptble and
Aes information derived thus from the everyday ex-
rience Of those who do business under it have be-
eved would furnish most important data for forming
PRACTICAL judgment Of its operation.
The treaty of reciprocity produced revolution in the
psration Of the revenue laws, well as in the
The principle of reciprocity, in the commercial inter-
curse VI the United States with Canada has the ap
rotation Of all political parties in this country all
mes. The territory Of the provinces is ndented with
r own along line extending across the continent from
cean to ocean. The wages Of labor he great modern
est Of phase of national equality nearly equal
h countries. The cost in the production of wheat and
her cereals differs but little both sides the boundary
ne Shown thus TO be apparently commercially alike by
hese leading considerations and minor parallels confirm
hg the similtude, 1t Is not singular that various
erods of our national existence the idea of reciprocity
p trade between the two countries has received the
Iyorable regard OF eminent men.
The leading idea Of the treaty TO permit the ntroduc
Of the products of country into the other free OF
sty and consequent reciprocal benefits expected
ould follow both The various colonies included in its
roysions were regulate their own trac and each
onal Power annul its honorary obligations without
erence TO its sister provinces or the engagements Of the
mpire. No craftsmanship could however, forete tho
workings Of the treaty, or had right TO anticipate egs
tion adverse to its spirit Correct in principle, the
realty itself was the perversion Of It's spirit and the dis
gard Of Ns substance the part of Canada have pro-
need results Is the province Of this report exhibit
The effects sf the reciprocity treaty we're first and i'm
tion of revenue upon the Northern frontier cannot
III TO attract attention In 1854 the last year unaffected
the treaty, although the enumeration then incou
ete the articles rendered free by the treaty
airing subsequent years, and imported from Canada
ne amounted 10 more than 81 ga <0S Assuming this
"a basis for calculation in the ordinary mode Of COM
uing an increase Of revenue, and that the revenue
Vud have continued TO increase in the same ratio
srng the previous five years, we should for the I've
past and ended June o. 1850 have collected
evnue of 81 les $50, 81 433 ssl annually mpor
tions from this province alone and should ut the
resent time have yet larger from this sosrce
TIE treaty were abrogaed today for the geographical
I'd political reasons which made the Canadians seek our
for the sale Of their products remain unimpared
! every particular.
The revenue derived by Canada from the class Of
erchandisc was, during the year 1854 as stated by Mr.
buchette then the Canadian Commissioner Of Customs,
bly, &I96 ST. less than oncsixth OF 81 43 400, the
mount levied that year on Canadian productions by the
During the same year. 1854 the revenue derived by the
hited States the chief mparations from all the pro-
included In the treaty q 6A l57, computing
of during the FIVE succeeding years,
the basis Of the increase during the five years next
puld have been 90 257 see, or a. sal SIT annually.
veral items Of these importaons are not included In
b calculation, and we are now near the close of ad
onal year. when the from this source for the
years elapsed since the treaty, would have been
y ,l0o ,l03.
The large amount Of our mportatons nom Canada since
treaty, would form accurate test of the income
light haye obtained from that In 1856 the arti
received from Canada by the United States, and
red free by the treaty, amounted In value 10 81 s10
q, besides many important but unenumerated items.
the average duty Of 20 per cent, the revenue would
gained more than - see 136 the mporations Of
at year; or, as Canada received from us during the
me year q 500 S the value Of the corresponding
es there was for that year balance Of trade IN favor
pud have been 81 962 ,226. During the four years
peed since the treaty into effect, and ended 31st
cember 1858, have received from Canada S2s,771
D in value Of the articles enumerated in the treaty
rethan she has received OF us. At the rate Of
the rs,epue on them would have been ss1s4 sss or
aodities received by US since the treaty and similar
Statistics show that while for the Eve years next pre-
|edipg the treaty duty paid ON nearly i've times
amount OF importaons from Canada as were admitted
Re OF duty the exact proportions being $4As1 Az OF
e goods against s21 344 132 Of the other class since
treaty, and beginning with our fiscal year 1896 until
ly l. 1850 period of four years. similar importatons
the amount Of $50 419 925 have contributed nothing at
10 our revenue while We have charged duties only ON
$50 3Q4 or about ethrteth part OF the amount adj
lifted free of duty and closer examination II will be
en- that large proportion Of the duty paying articles
bporcd from Canada consists OF commodities not pro-
hced in the country.
Drng the years 1861 and g. the total amount Of the
oducts of American industry taxed In Canada was u.s.
v 293 more than the amount Of Canadian productions
xed In this country reciprocity and equality being IN
lis >stance represented by the relative proportions OF
ry one This is the condition OF trade purchased
loss OF revenue being In 1854, the last year before
e operation OF the treaty than six times the re
enue collected by Canada during that the articles
ade free by the treaty and imported from the United
aies
The treaty was conceived In the theories OF free trade
bd In harmony with the progress and civilization OF the
&c. II step forward 10 political science Amer-
M legislation had been characterized by an extraord
ry Hberalty 20 foreign neghbor, placing her lines OF
ansportation upon equality with our own, and her
crchants upon an equality with our own in receiving
reign merchandise In bond. We conceded commercial
eedom upon all their products OF agriculture the forest
bid the mne aud they have either closed their markets
ps the chief productions that could sell to them,
exacted large duty admission into their markets
rrom time To time the Canadian duties have been in
cascd since the ratification Of the treaty and during the
II FIVE years the following duties have been enacted on
declared value Of various chief articles OF cousump
1es6 le5o 1857 1858. 166o