davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06
J. W. Williams--Agent.

IHE Propresors Of these Machines claim "a substantial
the csm) that their aoU execute any and er
lind Of Rsedc50r perform the in the best possible
Combining does, .e merits Of all the other Va
ehiues snd the time, avoiding their faults com
mends itself The public the great Family Sew
ing Machine, and adapted to eUsry branch Of ind
tn where the needle is required.
Thev will stitch, hem, FELL bind and gather %aey FAKE
strong lock stitch aveed Pasd out They
make BEAUTIFUL uniform stitch alike both sides Of the work.
without forming ridges underneath
The Machine great strength perfectly simple and
the management Of them eEsiy acquired
spool Of cotton, t6rsad silk be used They are
almost noselsss in their operations, and cell gear 0nge than
any other Sewing Machine sxtaDt.
Let Manufacturers Pantsrs Farmers, Housskseps, or any
other persons in search OF instrument to execute any Kind
Of esoiag aols doIs by machinery, Sk sure they secure "a
b. by examining ours before purchasing
PA liberal discount made to Ministers and charitable
cieties
All Mscins warranted three years, and full inst ucton
yivep to use thsE satisfactorily.
REsPONSIBLE AGENTS WANTED.
n. publio are invited to call and sErnns the aAnes
SO ~ c SQUARE
anas d,tE
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

THE CLAY AND CuGMAN DFFIcuLTT.-The Hunts
vile Democrat edited by brother Of Senator CLAY
in noticing the recent difficulty between Senators
CLAY. of Alabama and CLNGNAN, ofNOrth Carolina,
SAYS it originated in sudden misunderstanding, and
that an explanation Immediately ensued and the
partIes were rrconciled.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06
PUBLIC Sale OF
HANDSOME CITY RESIDENCE .

an SATURDAY the 28ih inst I pro a.
p Pose % cell st Fuhiiessie that New ana
ElegonE A9esi de1sce, situated on S1mner f5zrS|
between Church and Bread, No. So The lot Is 81 g1fl
eet 'front.' and rams back le5 ieet to 70 alsy.
Inc house IS built in the best manner, thrauehou
snd furnished with every modern convenence 10 os
besides cellar store roo bath closet:s warmed
~ not air furnaces has tue cooking range in TIE ben MI
and cold water IN the Kitchen store ROOM baf room and s-
s spacious porcne and verandAhs front aud back and is
sens Of the year. - - -
in the OF the LOT 49, 'S1--s
third oah balance and two years credit COZ
nos SssaetoI' secured payable Bank bearing Interest,"
I{,sale to commence at , O'Clock PM
ap4 u Q r,,sDsrzv
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

Mr. DANIEL i. SoWES, one Of the persons who
beseecLed PECK. before he was "warm in his seat
to loan him money from ths Maine State Treasury
and who got $1,000, which he has not yet paid. is
a member of the Committee on Public Expenditures
IN the United States House ofRepresentatives. The
Republicans have certainly got the right man in
the right-place.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06
LIABILITIES.

NASHVILLE Tenn, April 3, 1860.
Personally appeared before Justice Of the Peace for Da
wilson county, OF Tennessee JNO KRKNAN President
COREY Cashier Of the Union Bank Of Tennessee who
that the above statement correct abstract from the
| books Of said Bank JEO. KIEKMAN President.
=. COREY, Cashier.
Sworn to before this ID day OF APRIL 1860.
aplG J. FERRIS J. z.
FINE PLANTS, EVERGEENS, ETC, ETC.
TVVEE friends Of Mr.. WILLIAM HEAVIER OF the
Reading Road" Nursery Ohio will be pleased learn
his this city, with cEoce collection from his
extensive Horticultural Garden
Mr. H. guarantees made by him. and those who know
buy with confidence He opens in the front auOn
BENZ F. Shields Co.. No p College street, where the ladies'
those having taste fer flowers particularly invited to
call.
FOR UPPER CUMBERLAND RIVER.
FTNHE light draught passenger steamer EDMONlA,
KINNEY Matter, will ran regularly throughout letfSs5
the above toUchiRg at all prints that mGy
ghtnes aught together with her superior
freight passenger facilities must render her desTedy popu
lar For freight or passage apply on board or to
apr6-d P. II. MITCHELL, Agent.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06
JAMES Low q co.
4Is main &c. L0uisvllle. q.
FOR SALE,

s5Opieees silk Hauikerehieis, just received
and for sale By JANIS Low < 90,
apis aug Main Street louisville KY
FOR SALE.
TryFFR SPLENDID MANSION recently erected bv
Wesley Wheeess with about thirty eight acres Of land up
which is located, is offered for sale The house situated
beautiful HILL mile above the city, north
and about four hundred yards from the Cumberland river,
il beautiful grove forest from which point ars por
ton Of city full view. The contains about sixteen
all handsomely and conveniently arranged with
and pipes ROOM it is built Of the best Materials and
in the architectural style. Two thirds the land
covered with fine large forest timber and the remainder
calculated for gardening and growing fine fruits portion Of
which already set with varieties Of fruit trees Strawberries
M Wbeees being now located in business in LivernooJ
England this offer Of sale Of bis property. Address the
undersigned Nashville who resides and will the pro.
perv and give e terms OF sale If not preytousIv dnosd
private sale, the property will be offered on the
premises, on Thursday, 9TH OF June next
Nashville, Tenn, apl5 l86Odds. N HOBSoN.
Full Bosom Shirts.
TUsT received an assortment of Full Bosom Shirts with and
without collars Of Linen, Cambria Bishop Lawn.
Also, smallot Of shirts with fine embroidered bosoms-
apis II McqILL
Canes, Canes.
A SUPERB lot Of Canes received and for sale by
n apis J Ii MoGILL
Umbrellas.
II EoEIVED supply OF Umbrellas OF silk, alpaca bingham
aid plain cotton; extra large, others very light
summer use. lap5l JHMcGILL
Underwear.
MOTHER invoice Of seasonable underwear sf gauze silk
plain cotton, received and for sale by J II MeGILL.
apis
Ties, Stocks and CraVats.
LIVERY variety Of Ties Stocks and Craya received and fer
II \ sale by II McGILL,
apis Cherry, enc door from Union street
Bargain Notice.
UST received consignment, per steamer enans,
tiu Of Bureaus, Bedseds sewing Tables,
small extension tables &c, &c, which must be cOsed immedi
ately. Call aud the goods HARDY BROTHERS,
apis Aurioneers & Cen Ag'ts, ~ Public Square.
TOArriVe i'm a Few Days.
A MAGNIFICENT new octave Rosewood Piano,
n for which money must be had Immediately Any person
wanting No. Instrument can buy bargain
apis HAKDY BROTHERS.
FOR CINCINNATI,
TTVHE fine passenger steamer Clipper, HRB, -
Master will leave for the above and all inter slAH
mediate ports THIS DAY, the 5h inst, at Il =
O'Clock P For freight passage apply on board 70
apis ii. H. HARRISON, Agent
For Cincinnati and Pittsburgh.
TFNHE fine steamer GLENWO0D, HESBRICK 49, "a
SON, Master, viii leave for the above and s-4AFsaR
all ntermedistepOrts Thursday, the 5ih - it9S
inst, at NJ For freight or passage apply beard
apl4 II h. HARRISON, Agent
NEW BOOKS.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

VIRGINIA LEGISIATURE.-Both Houses have passed
the bill allowing pension to BRIDGET Burnley, whose
husband was killed at Harpers Ferry and also a
bill authorizing county courts to appoint special
r,olico ol1arls m certain cases.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

THE GREAT EASTERN AGAIN.-The shareholders of
the great EaStoR. the London Observer of the 18th
uIt. SAYS. at their recent meeting agreed to raise
cI00 600 to complete the steamer, and to send her
e. New York about the time the Prince Of Wales
visits Canada Applications for 100000 Of the stock
Ln. L-.r. rr-.l.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06
ROBERTSON COUNTY WRISKYI
ROBERTSON COUNTY w KY!
O00 BARRELS PURE ROBERTSON COUNTY WITS.
GDOU KY hand and Warranted Pure and for sale by
], II. MILLER Il CO.,
Springfield, Robertson Co., Tenn.
Feblldtw&w3m

DUCK RIVER.
HTE have $40 Land for sale in the bend
w River, within miles of Normandy the Nashville and
Chattanooga Railroad Said lands bounded by Vanc Davd
Duck River, Willis BlantOn and AbneT Barton TwNhTds
Of the tract is river bottom and level about $50 cleared
several good springs and No Stock Farm. We will sell
half all OF the tract purchasers Those wishing
to buy good Stock Farm healthy country good community
&c &C, would DO we'll to and look determ
med to sell For further particulars address H. NJ. Barton Tu
lshoma, or c. c. Brewer, Manchester.
dccl5-tw&Wf BREWER & BARTON
COAL OIL
BBLS Coal Oil, very superior article, just received
) } and for sale by
- msr9-u RAINS. BROWN Il co.
CLIFTON.
TFNHIS addition the Charlotte Turnpike, two
miles West Of the City. It is divided into Los containing
twenty with suitable and avenues It
also situated the Cumberland River The lots we'll
situated for country Residences, Market Gardens and Dairy
Farms.
On Thursday, the 5Ih of April rext on the
premises will offer at public ten Of these lots sale
positive and without aud affords opportunity for
bargains
TERMS I2 Is "a months credit for notes payable in
Bank bearing interest and lien retained Ssls II o'clock
A. NJ. For further particulars call on
mar24 AV s LINDSEY.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

After "a session of four months. the Virginia lie
gislaturc adjourned sine lie on the ID inst, with
request to the Governor on the part Of a ma
jority of the members to convoke an extra session
next winter.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

lust received an assortment of Full Bosom Shirts with and
without collars bosons Linen, Cambria and Bishop Lawn
Also. smalIOt OF shirts with fine embroidered bosoms.
AMI 5 II McgILI,
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

Statement of the Union Bank of TenneESCe
and branches March 30, 1860.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

Among the prisoners captured on board the Mex
lean steamer Narqas-, were two Spaniards named
CARcANo and LOUISE DELIsLE who were formerly
convicted of murder at New Orleans. but escaped.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

CameSs canes
A SUPERB lot Of Canes received and for sale by
N apis J Ii McGILL
Umbrellas.
EoEIVED supply OF Umbrellas of silk, alpaca bingham
q plain cotton extra large others very gh. for
summer [apl5l JHMcGILL
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

been started in Washington to erect statute to
HENRY CLAY. in that city.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

MOTHER invoice Of seasonabe underwear, Of gauze silk
gaug merno, cashmere, Isle thread nen ackenet
plain cotton, received and for sale by Il McGILL.
apis
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

TENHE fine steamer GLENW00D, HESBRICK - IA
SON, Master, vii leave for the above and s44645R
all intermedistepOrts Thursday the 5th
inst, at ~ For freight passage apply beard or to
apl4 II H. HARRISON, Agent.
NEW BOOKS
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

Mr.. F. S. j. RONALD has been re-appOinted post
master at Louisville, Ky.
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

The Fishlu n. " Journal raises the name Of
Gen SAN HousroN for President and that Of CHARLES
II. I.,ERABEE of Wisconsin. for Vice President
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

While we repudiqte squatter sovereignty, we 40
not insist on q slave code for the territories
We adhere 10 the platform Of the American party
of 1856, on the subject Of slavery. We are for an
men enjoying equal rights in the territories, and If
those rights either of person or property, are Ylo-
lated we are content to refer the grievance to the
JUDICIARY. Whether Congress has or has not the
power to prohibit slavery the territories we be
iieve that the true policy OF the country is that
of non-interveution as laid down in 1850. adv0cat-
ed and established by Clay and Webster and other
great lights of that period. and acquiescediu by ali
parties except the straightout aboiuonlsts IN 1872
Now the Patriot, in making this avowel otits opin-
ioRs upon the subjects Of Squatter Sovereignty,
Wimot Provisoism and the rights of the Territories,
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-04-06

The shuttle stitch sometimes called the lock stitch for eject
but tits all and the The stitch is made by merely
crossing two threads. The ends all seams by the shus
Machines must be fastened by the needle to prevent
The Shuttle Machine is better adapted manufacturers than 70
family use.
ian3I-dtyLw
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1860-03-16
VILLAGE BUILT UPON LAKE.

Rev. VIC. Smith, Presiding Elder of one CT
the Indiana Conferences, gives the following
account Of Morgantown, in that State, one of
the peculiarities of which is that it is built
on a Lake:
We read of " a city set upon a hill. -
Morgantown, in my district. stands upon
lake This was not known for a number of
years after the town was settled. The dis
covery was made by digging wells to procure
a full supply of water. The supply of water
in the wells which had been used failing n
the dry season, a few years since. one of the
citizens concluded to sink well deeper, and
see if he could not strike a stronger vein
When some thirty-fve or forty feet below the
surface Of the earth, the man at work in the
well suddenly struck his pick through crust;
the water gushed up with such rapidity that
it was with difficulty he was saved by the
man at the windlass. In few moments the
water was some fifteen feet deep in the we'll.
In two or three instances afterwards. men
were near being lost by coming suddenly
upon this ineIbaustible fountain of water.
Wells have been sunk in different parts
OF the town from each other, and. believe,
forty feet is the greatest depth to reach this
lake. Lead lines have been dropped into
several of these wells. but no bottom has been
found. In digging down to this lake, they
invariably pass through strata of sand, leaves
and timber, resembling drift-wood. This is
some 70 feet below the surface of the earth.
Alter passing through these strata, stratum
OF clay is found, and when within some
eighteen inches of the lake hard crust is
reached, which is sure indication that they
are near the water. When they reach this
crust they commence a wall thereon, carrying
1t to the top of the well, then put down a
large auger aud bore hole to the water,
which gushes up with great force, filling the
well from Is to 20 feet in few minutes.
When the auger strikes the lake, the atmos-
phere bursts up for few seconds, producing
a sound very much resembling the blowing
off of steam from an engine Ihave not Civ
en- all the particulars of what has been dis
covered OF this mysterious lake Enough is
known to settle it beyond doubt, that the
whole town stands upon lake under ground
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1860-03-16

\ PLrASAxT PROSPECT FOR THE CHARLES
ToN DELEGATES. From its frequent threats
of disunion and other manifestations Of un-
wOuted val0r, one Of our Southern States has
won the title of the ''plucky state of south
Carolina. This title is donhly appropriate
in view Of the coming Charleston Conyen-
ton. during which the South Clrolinans
will show thai. while pluckv themselves.
they are fully competent to the pluckinE Of
Others The shrewdness and business cum
ming usually attributed to Yankee abolition
lists appear TO be integral parts Of the South
Carolnian's character. for we learn from the
Charleston papers that, in anticipation OF
the meeting Of the Convention on the 23d OF
April. and the consequent influx Of strangers.
the prices of provision and lodging rooms
have gone up to an alarming extent The
landlords Of the different hotel, attempted 70
hire various buildings throughout the city
for the accommodation Of their expected
guests. Now it might be reasonably exuect-
ed that feeling Of patriotism, and svmn-
thy With a convention openly called to favor
the southern institution. regarding which
South Carolina is s1 touchv. would induce
the owners to OFF, the premises for this pat
riotic Use at the lowest possible rates. On
the contrary. however. the chivalrir proper
tv-holiers demand prices double and treble
what they would ask under ordinary circum-
stances. OF course the purses Of the dele
gates and others during the convention must
suffer for this
But still greater calamity awaits the
good democrats who make their rendezvous
at Charleston Famine stare~ them in the
face. Beef is now selling there az twenty
five cents pound and the price threatens to
advance Indefinitely \ leading hotel keeper
mt Charleston has been o. this CITY % visit
the butchers Of Fulton Market and secure
contracts for beet 70 ha delivered in Charles
ton during the Convention. but found the
prices demanded too high, and fears are en-
tertained that the culinary preparation Of
beef W n, from lack of the raw material,
soon become - Charleston one Of the lost
arts This viii certainly be the case in the
event Of the failure Of the line Of steamers to
New York
It's bad enough for Charleston to have TO
depend on a northern market for her food.
and not be able to afford to buy it but we
do not pity the citizens there so much as we
Do the unsuspecting democrats who will flock
next month to that city to face the inconve-
niences Of extortion and the peril Of famine
". \. Erming Past
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1860-03-16

ate. The first was an inquiry for an alleged
infraction of its privileges, and the second
an inquiry into the conduct of the servants,
as public printer, &c. All five of these cases
were sanctioned by precedent in this body
In the present case this power had no sane
ton in the Constitution, and none in the
great right of self-defense inherent in. this
body There were radical defects in the
resolution under which the Select Commit
tee were acting. 1t had assumed judicial
power, but without any judicial purpose or
intent. They sat in secret, like an inquisi-
ton or Star Chamber.
Mr.. Fessenden replied, arguing that Ger
tain powers may be exercised, not specifcal-
ally granted in the Constitution, if necessary
for the purposes of legislation. If the Senate
had power to appoint a committee, it was
necessary the committee should be authorized
and empowered to discharge their duties.
Mr. Hale Intended that it was proposed to
sentence a citizen of the [ tied States to per-
petual imprisonment on a mere point.of ETH
quette. No despotism on earth exercises
more power than is here claimed.
Mr. Simmons thought the Integrity of the
Senate would be best promoted by respecting
the conscences Of citizens. He submitted a
a substitute, that Hyatt be discharged
and placed on the same footing as other
witnesses, but after debate Withdrew it.
Mr.. Mason's resolution was adopted, as
follows
Yeas-Anthonv, Bayard, Benjamin, Bigler,
Bragg. Bright, Brown, Cameron, Chandler,
CLAW. Clingman. Collamer, Crittenden, Davis,
Doolittle. Fessenden, Fitch, Fitzpatrick,
Foote, Foster. Green, Grimes, Gwin, Ham
mond, Hempkill, Hunter, Ivers)n johnson
of Tenn. johnson of Ark, Kennedy. King,
Lane. Latham, Mason. Nicholson. Pearce,
Rice. Sebastian, Slidell. Ten Eyck, Thomson,
Trumbull, ~ igfall, YuIee-44.
NavS-Bingham, Dixon, Hale, Hamlin,
Harlan, Simmons, Sumner, Toombs, Wade,
and Wilson-l0
The Senate then went into executive session,
and afterwards adjourned.
HoUsE.-Mr. Washburn of Wis, offered
resolution touching the shameful frauds PER
petrate1 on the MenomInce Indians and
asking select committee Of investigation.
The House refused u suspend the rules for
the resolution
Mr. Morrill,, from the Committee on Ways
and Means, asked leave to introduce a bill
for the payment Of outs .andug treasury notes
authorizing loan and regulating the duties
on imports; but the House refused to sus-
pend the rules
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1860-03-16
" q r L cts.
BOSTON MARKET.
March Il. Is6O

March Il, ls6O
FLOVR-The four trade has not beer w..
i've the past week sales have boen =, = o..
for common brands Western now v.-- co.
fancy brands at s, G5a5 o. e1tras AZ e., e.,
and superior at Sc. 5Oa7, 50 per bbI i-.,-,
choice brands Canada, Ohio, Michigan and O.
see. Corn meal is dull at s4a4 .25 f.; and Pa.
las been IN roderste der and AZ 81 sos4 ,o
Dbl, including common and Extra Ruck,b....
quiet at 1925 pei 100 lbs.
GRANTEE market for corn ha. be.- H..
throughout the week, and in prices f1-.b.- 4.
cline has taken place The sales of southern -slr.
have been at s2ss5c. and white has been I'D -.
soc per bush. Oats are dull. and prices are ,B.,
lower; the sale, have been at 45a47c Der bB,b g..
northern and Canada, the best lots now sanir-
46a46tc per bush In Rye The sales have b..,. -.
90c per bush. White beans continue In fair dsn,,l
with sales at 75casl for common sl,12aI n r..
blue pod and s ,5Oa2 for extra pea and mar
Shorts and fine feed are scarce. The sale. r..
been at s25a26 per ten for shorts, and s2s,7o -.
ton for fine feed.
PR0VISIONS-Ths market for Fork Ia. -
very quiet during the week. The sales Of mir.
have boon at sl5al6 mess at SIS, 5Oal9.s0 49,
clear st S20a2l per bbl. cash and mo, B..sl..
been in moderate demand with sales At sqa1s E,
for eastern and western mess and extra NEE, -,
Sl5al6 per Dbl for family extra Lard con,i7,.,
in steady drmand the sales have been at IT, ALA.
in bbI' and tierces, and 12al2tc in keg. cas-, and
mos Smoked Hams are selling at llal2,c. "a,
and mos, and picked hams at lOc cash. Bu. Pa.
Hogs arriving. and market dull at 7sas,c. BB,,..
isquiet the sales of good and choice have bee, =.
lealsc, and common at 12al4c Canada s5d 80,
tern is selling at lOal5c as to quality. Cbs.,.;.
very firm, and has been sold at 9al3c Der Do n,
common and prime.
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1860-03-16
NEW YORK, March Is
LATEST FROM EUROPE.

The steamship North America arrived at
Portland on the 18th, bringing news of four
days later than that before had.
The total loss of the American ship Luna
near Cherbourg, is fully confirmed. Only .
out of the I07 persons on board reached the
shore alive. and one of these died almost i'm
mediately afterwards. The survivor is an
Italian named Clement
Another furious gale had visited England
The force Of the wind at Liverpool was great
er than had been known for years.
The alleged alliance between Russia and
Austria excites much attention in England.
The Chronicle. repeating the news, says
This new alliance corr0b0rates the state
ment we have for some time past reiterated
that there exists dark and widespread
conspiracy against the cause of freedom and
progress, and Immediately menacing the
peace OF Europe"
The London Herald credits the report The
London Globe OF the 28th announces on au-
thorty that the Austrian Government has
stated that the report Of the Austrian Rus
sian alliance is entirely devoid Of foundation.
The Paris Pa4s and PGtrie of the 2sth al
50 deny the statement
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1860-03-16
WASHINGTON, March II


The Homestead bill passed the House to
day. ia to 62. 1t provides that any person
who is the head of a family or who is 81
years of . =, w-o is citizen of the U. s. or
who has filed his intention to become one,
may enter, free of cost 100 'acr of public
lands, upon which such person may have af-
fixed a presumption claim, or which may at
the time such application is made, be inject
to pre-emption, at dollar and garter, or
less, per acre, No certificate or patent is to
be issued until the expiration of FIVE years
from the date of entry, ana on he payment
of s 10, rights are secured to the actual set
tier, to issue to heirs and devices the lands
acquired. which are, in no event to become
liable for the satisfaction of any debts con-
tracted prior to the issue of the patent.