New Orleans daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1851-1866, 1860-10-27
VOLUME XIII.
0eh 0rIeans 1allp Crescent.
SATURDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 81, 1860.


Lawrence bringing partial accounts of the sales in
| Liverpool for the week ending the 18Th. The
| wheat market was dull and declining. The re-
ceipts of cotton this week at our port are beyond
| those Of last week. The Jackson Railroad is now
under full operation and the accumulation Of cot
ton occasioned by the storm is coming to market
rapidly. Talking of cotton, brings up the last
dodge-the greatest naneuyer Of the Manchester
| Cotton Supply Association. 1t appears DR..
Shier has been exploring the cotton district of the
United States; that be paid his respects personally
to the State of Georgia. and his first discovery was
the apparent poverty and exhausted appearance
of the cotton fields. Bat, Notwithstanding the
learned Doctors opinion Georgia produced more
cotton last year than it ever did before. The
Doctor was also forcbly struck with the ineifici-
ency and weakness of American plows and nipple
meuts Of tiage. According to the learned Doc
tors ideas, it would be well for our planters to
send to England for pIows and agricultural imple-
ments. The Doctor further states that the plows
he saw, or many Of them, were only intended to
turn furrow slice Of tco inches Cur transatlantic
customers, our very good compulsory friend Mr.
Bull, may as well abandon all hope in the way Of
competition for the raising Of cotton with the
United States. 10 make long argument short
we merely say to the Cotton Supply Association
of Manchester and the new Cotton Supply Com.
pany, you cannot cultivate cotton without negro
slavery; you can talk and palayer about India
cotton, Africa humbug, British South America I;
you have to depend upon the Southern United
States for your supplies and wants. But hear
what the erudite DR.. Shier says, which will excite
the risible faculties Of our planters:
DR.. Shier, sent to the cotton districts of the Uni
t1l
British Guiana, states that no one conversaht with
the best British agriculture and the latest improve.
ments can fail to be struck with the slimness and
inefficiency of the American ploughs and impe-
ments OF tiilage, aud one is Immediately led to the
conclusion that much of the taEe is extremely
superficial and the system expensive. Many Of the
plonghs are intended to turn furrow slice of not
more than two inches, and in all cases the width Of
the slice is great by comparison with its depth.
The aim is low, and indicative of light soil aud
reeklcssness= Of exhaustion occasioned by abund.
ance Of land and comparative scarcity Of labor.
The Sea Island cotton comes to perfection only on
the low islands that occur along the coast and
estuaries, and on the low lands within fifty miles OF
the shore. Beyond this margin it begins to detefio
rate. and at distance Of l5O miles it assumes the
character of the upland cotton. 1t would seem
thus to require marine atmosphere. q Consider.
ing the amount of information we now possess as
to the means of improving and modifying the pro.
duce of cultivated plants to suit the uses of man.
was anxious,H says Dr.. Shier, to ascertain il
tiEators TO improve the quality of the cotton and
to increase the yield; and was much disappoint-
ed to find among the planters an almost total
ignorance OF the higher method On visiting the
cotton estates in Georgia, | was very much struck
by the apparent poverty and exhausted appear.
ance Of most of the fields The cropping of origi-
nal matter, in consequence OF the shallow mode OF
ii lage, has in most places been completely worn
out. New and rich soils are reduced by successive
crops of cotton if they grow too raDkiy by sue
cessve crops of corn before putting it under cot
ton. As a rule, the soils which produce the finest
Sea Island cotton are Impoverished did not
meet With single instance of manured crop of
cotton,h
In regard TO the superiority of Demerara as a
cotton growing country, DIR. Shier observes that
the climate is much better than the Southern
States, where there is only a single season for
planting on account of the winter. In British
Guiana the plant is a perennial. The lowlands Of
the coast are much richer and more suited for cot
ton cultivation than any he has elsewhere seen.
The coast lands contain large amount of organic
matter mixed with the clay, and to almost any
DEPTH so that with judicious tillage exhaustion of
the soil is not to be apprehended. If it appear
warpng, by letting in coating of sea mud at high
tides, would restore it. AJamaica planter obtained
500 lbs. per acre, and was picking from December
to July. Dr.. Shier concludes his report by stating
that little attention is paid either in America or
India to the Improvement Of the quality of the
cotton, and that were the subject taken up with
spirit and steadily pursued for short time, varie-
ties of cotton greatly superior to any they have in
the market could scarcely fail to be produced
An immense number of laborers have withdrawn
either wholly or partially from field labor. 1t is
important that they should be induced to return to
It, Weak hands coolies and others not fit for corn
cultivation, might be usefully employed in picking
cotton, etc.
Were any of the planters of Georgia apprsed of
the visit of DIR. Shier? The report he made came
up before the House of Lords. on motion of the
great negrophilist, Lord Brougham. The learned
Doctor took especial care to note that the planters
of Georgia had plows that only turned up the soil
two inches, consequently British guano is admi-
rably adapted for raising cotton but somehow or
another they have been long while in finding it
out, and the talk is that our planters need not be
much alarmed about the cotton Mr. Bull will raise |
in his colonies-no more than our sugar planters
are troubled about the cultivation of sugar in the
free negro colony of the Island of Jamaica.
Our marine register this morning is graced with
another large number of arrivals from the interior
We regret that we cannot talk of resumed commu-
cation with those great arteries of the Mississippi
Red and Arkansas rivers. The great staple will
be coming along after while from those regions,
at least it is hoped it will.
On Tchoupitoulas, Poydras, and other localities
devoted to the great Western trade, there is some
thing more than fair business going on. From
the very large quantities of freight received a the
and Jefferson railroads for Mobile,
it may be inferred that good and lively business
is going on with Mobile and South Alabama; in |
fact, they may be considered short of provisions
and breadstuffs in that ought,to.be prolific State.
The usual weekly circular of coffee from Colonel I
Lonsdale will be found elsewhere. 1t appears that
the stock is less to-day by 81, $40 bags than last
year at this time; that prices high, and likely
to 60 higher; that there is only stock on hand of
IL, 400 bags-a very small supply for the use of
fifteen States and Territories depending on our |
good city for supplies of the berry. Although |
coffee is only luxury, and can be dispensed |
with on pinch, yet the supply is becoming |
grave question. What shall we do9 They are |
prohibited from importing negroes into Brazil |
Where shall we look for a supply? is the question |
Well, we have to talk about the Island of Ceylon.
Coffee, it is said but Is oaly said, can be raised
in abundance on that island, particularly with the
aid of colored laborers, as squeamish writer's
say Well, as Brazil cannot furnish full supply,
we have to suggest TO Col. Lonsdale & Co. to open
forthwith a correspondence with Ceylon and dis
patch a vessel medately for cargo of the berry
rom that prolific island. Let us know what kia
)f coffee they do raise on that island.
The freight market is rather quiet. 1t is some
king of an uphill work for agents and ship-mas-
era fo obtain over 9-I6d for eotton ia Iivernool |