Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1860-11-28

onneet, we break The Ulion he erl stop sref sur-
4, "a 1u@ tSst In The meantime We are suffering deepy
In spirit and lneutng the h-rrors Of var hen considered I'M
5 Bu wo ess say wS The evil Of secession
when and whete they would spd'"-3 JeL Mem. 1913.
Before quitting the subject oil the Resolutions oil vs.
and 49, is proper to observe that although the Vgi
mia Legislature thus expressly affirmed the unconstitu
tionaly of those acts she suffered of her own cu
gems James Thompson Calender Of Petersburg to be
tried under the Sedtion oct convicted and sentenced
TO mprisonment-a pregnant admission OF the supreme-
cy OF the Federal law within the Union.
SOUTH CAROLINA NULLIPcATIos-ls32.
The high protective tariff Of 1882 considered by
the entire South as act of wanon injustice to that
great agricultural interest which is the basis Of all her
material property. For the fostering Of the manuactu
ring casses-almos exclusively in the North-it imposed
duties so high as to prohibit Importation aud force the
purchase Of Northern fabrics aud articles at such prices
the cupdity of the producer might suggest and con.
sequenty threw great dsproportion Of the burden OF
government upon the people of the South.
This excited 10 have been expected powerful
opposition in Of the Southern States and the Leg
issture Of South Carolina sought solution OF the diff
Guilty by ua notification Of the obnoxious act through
the forms of her famous Ordinance OF 1882"
President Jackson promptly issued proclamation warn
ing all persons against resistance TO the laws ordered Gen
Scott TO proceed 70 Charleston with sufficient force to
compel obedience took forremovng the Custom
House from the city Of Charleston to the adjacent fort and
recommended the passage Of act Of Congress eDargng
the powers OF the President to enforce compliance with
the requisidons Of the obnoxious tariff Congress
cordiDgy passed what is known ss the Force Bill by
vote Of l49 TO A in the House. and - TO in the Sen
ate Mr. Calhoun and some other Southern Senators
firing before the vote taken.
The 5th section of the Force Bill empowers the Presi.
dent TO the land and naval forces OF the United
States aud to call out IL necessary the militia wherev
err whenever and by whatever means persons resist
auce is made in form that cannot be by the
usual course of judicial procedure.
The imminence Of the danger OF conflict excited eve
rywhere the veles: apprehensons and in the Virginia
Assembly OF 1928 large portion Of the session
consumed in the consideration of the course of South
Carolina.
John Thompson Brown, Esq, Of Petersburg leader
Of the States Rights party and Of the ables If not
the abest Of that party in the Legislature presented
series Of seventeen resolution which, though press
ell 10 vote (or resolutions passed the doe
trnc involyed may be considered authoritative expo
silion of the principles held by of the most ultra
of the States Rights school of that day The SIXTH
enth and fifteenth Of these resolutions read "a follows
Roiri That IS the State. parties to The Coas uoua
comp1c IN their sovereign capacity aud there
bitter Superior to the authority OF the parties tie nelv
consequence each party has the right decide for Itself
n the last resort whether The compact be violated and the In
fraction be deemed Of suf eni mag ltule, TIA the party
gneve may either coEpe the other contracting parties TO iuh
cling from tn, Uni1i r,entcr Into m possession Il all its
ght and Its saair eoppleie and Independent
: R,so,red That this gh, Of seesop which not divided
ltou ic N'i- auh ONr pe fsHftNff on
De coas1,t Ads been broken STATE aovci
ohgAon ties state, the formal OF It's
Withdrawal from The Unoo to be treated as sovereign sub
ctto the laws of nations and not 10 the pIns and penalties o
treason; ont dfs not aIie e correpot dng right ~ e
h4s Hd IN rs engagements dnd t. MAKE WAR OEDgR ~
cAr.,L rgsFosNAScE Tns, prudence dictates tast this
remedy should be rs0red 10 IN Of iHsrdbie
oppression esenii,y affecting the happiness of the party after
he EiiissCf Constitutional Hlode cf rsreSs and when
the patton gross and papahle justify the 10
ju igneut and conscience Of all msnk nd
IS Rsored That viii st the General Assembly With frank.
the
aly protests against all sl exposition and reasoning in the
the conclusion that the Federal Constitution ted any
other authority than the stlS parties thereto 10 their
n capacity 1t nevertheless due To this ynerahe aud faithful
bic servant 10 dcsre that ne D0ptadsGEd frHess irih
ir!A As dRatpc,d his purpose efee he iIrs 55i Gs
aers entrusted 70 him 6y he toHstnfIon the various proofs
he h. given In the bis adminlstra desire
General Mt Ia rs praet, al operau within lis
ali the. diIIs ed he Tnioa II he Stl have secured to
hu Ia mnen degree the confidence and appreciation Of this
Mr.. Brown accompanied his resolutions with an able
speech subsequently published in pamphlet and eIten
svey circulated in which he distinctly repu Hated the
doctrine Of the righ. TO secede will Afcr denying
the position that the Cnnsiiiuon "o-" '-"-iy h@
"He was Wiling however to consider the Union as resting
" the pncle. q treaty e alliance Much msapprehsn
siou teemd 10 prevail In regard 10 the obligations Of treaty.
hal declare that sovereign State hal right time,
At her own pleasure TO withdraw hom an alliance t'unded on
treaty and M spm,n I'd sheunderst 3D. the doe
tne Of saeabl rs,ioH-ihe Edcy Of which in his in
which Il was urged might be easily enforced"
After showing that nothing short Of wful and ma
terii breach of the compact will justify State in
ding be proceeds declare that even in that case Il
remaining States have the right TO her into sub
mission He says
When State alleging vfa aod material breach Of the ccm
pact th)ud dermin. to seeede would devoe the Enty
three States h- uion then ssng OF four stleS
decide for ihemseye whether they had through taer agent
the General Government violated the compact 10 such extent
Justify witdra val Of the compli dining State II they
rial inAeilon they ud ndder thems elves snuedto compel
an d'htssi0", or to exact tlndeunlt;f
SOUrH CAROLINA SECESSION 1851.
The compromise measures Of 1850 were met in GET
tain of the Southern States by spirit Of hostility which
again put the nation in peril Of destruction The abo
ton Of the Slave Trade in the District OF Columbia and
the admission of California denounced a,s Of
hlgrant outrage on Southern Rights aud n formidable
party under the lead of lancey, Rhett, Davis Toombs
aud others then urged secession the apprOpr
ate remedy. A usual South Carolina whose peHchGRt
for revolution appears be the paramount feature of her
political character, took the initiative and acts looking
20 immediate secession introduced in her Legisla
ture. A Convention called and copy of the act
calling the same transmitted TO the General Assembly Of
Virginia.
On consideration the following resolutions passed the
House of Delegates on the 2Gth Of March 1851 the first
by vote Of III ayes to nay-the second unanimous
iy
Resolved That Virginia earnestly and Afftctonaely
appeals to her sister State Of South Carolina TO desis
from anu qediiated secession Upo her pdr iohch cdi
loss 10 all Of the States of Tie benefits that spring from
IL.
Resolved That Virginia, believing the Constitution
OF the United States If faithfully administered proUides
adequate protection 10 the rights o all the States Of This
CJHfedsrdcv and still looking to that instrument tor de-
fence within the Union warned by the experience fthe
past the dangers Of the present. and the hopes OF the
future, invokes all who live under il to adhere
strictly to H. and to preserve nvolae the safeguards
which affords to the rights Of individual States and the
interests sofectioual minoritCs.'
have given with as much cOucseness as was posi-.
be statement Of the Of Virginia the subject
Of resistance, and conceive that warranted in
sumng that the concurrent and unanimous testimony Of
her greatest citizens establishes the following the ptn
cpes Of this commonwealth On tue vital question inyoly
ed in the present alarming condition Of the country.
/. Nothing but deliberate, Palpable and dangerous
infracton Of her rights by the assumption Of powers not
granted" will warrant State in any form of resistance
the General Government
2. In Of such niracton Of her rights she must
seek redress first through every constitutional method
by remonsrance, by endeavorng TO procure repeal of
the law by appeals to the Legislatures Of all the other
States, by convention Of the States, a..
g. That other method Of redress is ustf4ble until
al these have been exhausted.
4. That resort TO secession then only be lstif-
ed by can accumulation of usurpiOns and abuses
derng passive obedience and nonresstance greater
evil than resistance aud revolution
.. That when State chooses thus to secede the re-
naming States have corresponding right to Jadge OF
the sui,eney Of her and to compel submission
by resort TO arms.
g. That ia such conflict the parties to be govern
ed by the laws Of nations respecting sovereign powers
war the citizens of the seeding State being protect
ed from the penalties Of treason in virtue Of their ae
glance 10 the State.
In conclusion let me invoke my fellow ci izens Of Vir-
giua to calm reflection and dispassonae action in this
trying hour. Above ALL let on behalf Of the people,
protest against any attempt TO oresta their action by
any power whatever II Virginia is 10 60 out of this
Uuon it must be by the Deliberate act of her people in
L.