The New York herald., 1860-12-08

republican zm hon George Opdyke reading an esssy be.
fore tho Finance Comuittee 70 prove mat there is
panic, and, what In more, political panic Al the same
time he imparts the astounding normatou In proof Of
II, that our crops have been good that imports
greatly exceeded those Of past year. and some fur
sher kcis Of similar character which We are truly
grateful - we should probably never hsve acquired the
knowledge from any other source. But after all, IL
leaves m IN very uncomfortable stale OF mind for
INQUIRER.
NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA.
THB CONTRAST OF REVOLUTIONARY ExTREM8s-THR
PROPOSED UNION IN SOUTH AMERICA, AND THE
THREATENED DIsU, ION IN NORTH AMERICA.
1t is interesting sa.- ptcuar juncture Of affairs In
tie United states when question ID agAted In which the
interests OF population Of thirty millions involved
which may be solved only by the disruption Of those
ccmented by the Revolution and the sunderiDg OF that
ocnIedeated Union which has been the glory and pride
Of Americans II 70 interesting, say, 70 glance at
tho Southern America split up fragments
petty stats arr imbecie governments calling themselves
republics but unworthy tho name jealous Of and
ever wransliDg with, each ether; kept In check
by the strong win Of same ambitious dcspot, and
cor vused with and rebellion, and bathing
their own their neghbor's territory In blood. And
now - II sroWed 70 the wretshedness Of their social,
moral and political degradation and worthessness they
pause ard lock round for remedy and find It in union
same moment Of IN agitation for daunion the enc
hand 10 that portion Of tho great American continent
peoped BY the most intelligent the globe-a raco
that alone seemed !, comprehend liberty ana whose
prosperity and advance to power and mgn have been
exampled and the otner where civilization seems ,ot
teripg TO It's is the misery and weakness Of dsGaon
and fraternnl strife have wrung q cry for union
and brotherhood. II certainly most
strange picture, and worthy Of study ana
rejection nor do We think tho conclusions
drawn from such study by the political phIlo,cpoer
would be any too Gatcrng 10 proud and self reliant
are, wlile they could not fail 10 do Justice 10
prcsed inferior people, by recognizing the vitality aud
enacy OF santy and civilization in the descendan
Of lat ancient and ohivalous which first planted
The Crou on the shoree Of the Nissirsippi.
The idea Of consolidating the republics Of South and
Central America not however, very new; but lai,ery
It seems TO claim The attention OF the leading 10
those Countries Than At any former period II ia true
We hare little or evidence that the mAsxes O. the
people have caught the idea, or thst there is the
hin,tst approach to q mania for union; bu,
every agitation has fmall beginnings, and IL b
raging To perceive that tho orisnstc,
hc intelligent and educated of ihose Communities, the
very csss fact wose ambition heretofore and lust OF
place and power been amoes the sol, OF the
prostr.ilon which has reduced the people Of Spanish
America 10 potion below that OF any Eoropean despo
hn. In Central America the overturnrg Of repsbhc
By Walker and bis Awlcss followers aud the recent
newed attempt Of that unfortunate and misguided mx,
would seem 20 have proiuoei conviction q their weak
ness and insecurity, which President Brrios, Of Hon.
cus gave expression 70 10 late address 70 toe people,
in which, while thanking them for their patriotic
Efforts agAins. the nlibusers he takes occasion " sx
Of he necessity Of union amongst all the Spanish Aaer-
rl.t~ Shsfn. Traut In IN La
n the fees Of central 10 srn.acn the power with which
he naa been invested - President a BcnaurasL
stu later We have The report Of lhe Minister Of For
egn AsFs OF The republic Of Chile, presented 70 The
national Cougrs on the ast Of last month, In which we
md the following sentiments on the subject Of union
which are perhaps worthy Of being given IN atso:
In the situation IN which various peshborinS republics
happen 70 be placed ,ae government has not thought
oppouns 70 urge he old idea Of The union Of tne varou'
American states. When internal Affairs challenge atteu
tou prsemincnty s not possible 70 estimate, with
mind abstractd ana removed from surrouudns noC'dnt
nsos requires Il Ttss rovsrnmest) s, however, por
sedsd th.! ns union = period mcrs OF 80 rsmos
- veil = he commos sSvassssss wnioh s1viss is n,
from becoming Weakened ~ NE lapse o. time VII &c
sqrs % - sss sa. &. coodos sssS
idea The carrying ous OF which .ode the 1,noufrens
aid q m.sy InS n.r s11, own ~
not otherwise than rogre towards one and the same
destiny and reach me oper alton and mutual sup
port OF all viii be, Without doubt, Of great importance
WIN There convicsioua tho government disposed %
urge, ~ fr % lice In ~ poser, the realization OF thai
.ss View durss lie ar.s days Of
That dsa . iaIy dsoOsed in II, irosssc American
Cnon which h been before Congress for Tue la, four
years. There o. 1g In 10 which nlghs coassitois
league Of governmsnns y only seeks . rea'o !. .
separate sspss % ,nem, oc"n.scss sv ,ssr prO.psriiy
and progress Previously 70 our cmsaoipa.lot ,
an, The .eini,s the Pcruviaa and on and III a.
vantage which thence prcceefcd we can yet obtain WIZ
or, escnng the Individuality And indepe denoe OF eacs
STATE And n arrive AZ that end he Spanish America
sacs present very favorable coEditl ms. Situated
the continent, without any STAT u afercnt cc1dl
sion, great rc,sn banos 10 habits customs vita
syshm Of laws which proceeds from tse
same '.Ds; a .h s,,, y% q omo. soysr0@'1s .ss
Is cannot fail 70 b perceived tbs, ny are
eaned . rsrn Ee.. family q natl, vs,oa, Oh,
give an impulse 10 civilization aud prosperity tos We
are asing Of those old time alliances Ia vaich one
According 20 ,ns trsstos each republc remsins D ir
posession OF ~ Independence sad Individuality lhere
Imposed upcn - 40 duty Of ceconins pArtlclp.lsr q
and extends behalf Of - alone the boundaries
the co1ny insuring 70 them the same personal rsh4s
lice Of prosperity, she sa@s ocmmsrssi priyiese- ..
on their own sou II throashout The whole lad oae
and The eane religion prevails, o1e and the sams lar
susse s spoxeo, II lbe same ccmmsrcia laws control
how much would facilitate tts relations OF couauy
with country with what would the progress acscm
plishef BY be transmitted 70 TIE othera This deal
then which has engaged the attenti,o OF thnsng msn
cad which has been regarded ~ Utopisn, may beoome
reality IN the Spanish mercan States. BY allowing nj
70 sapee, without making efforts 70 attain u, perhap
some OF those conditions which - present favor u mn,
dlssppear.
Eves looking At Union irom commercial poin, Of vie.
alone, would be vNt importance 70 th'
prosperity Of ,hoss cocn.ries 10 sarops, The Gus
been considered step In advance OF The highest impcs
and the triumph OF sound economic deas has boz
aqrarens In the results following ~ esab shmeut sn'
the gradual Development haa rcoeved the 70 snhh
American ssAtsa ars In much mere favorable coaditics
for attaining similar result and 10 yin Be eases AM
profitable foe them 10 reaSh u. Commsr nsl free
dom gains ground every day In the osvssd sord, ~,
America h cf all the best prepared 70 adopt 70 ~ fu
sxArf wlkhont hAvUa contend ambAyYnan