The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1860-05-08
PROCEEDINGS Or THB THIRTY.SIXTH CONGRESS
SENATE.

| stHItu lew points OF lntereSt.--Alr. CHANDLEh
submitted a resolution that Governors of the
States be admitted on the floor of the Senate, bu
| on motion of Mr.. PEARCE, it was referred to the
Committee on the Library.-On motion by Mr..
CLARK, the House bill to settle the titles to GER.
tain lands, set apart for the use of certain half
| breed Kansas Indians in Kansas territory, was
taken up, amended and passed-Mr DOOLIT-
| Tie presented petition of citizens of Milwaukee
IN IN relation to the employment of steam-power in
the revenue service; which was referred to the
| Committee on Commerce. Also, Joint reso-
| lutions of the Legislatures of Wisconsin on
| the subject of the Homestead bill, which
special order was then taken up--Mr
| HARLAN moved to amend the second ei
the series of Mr.. Davis resolutions by adding al
the end that "free discussion of the morality and
expediency of slavery should never be interfered
with by the laws of any State or of the United
States, and the freedom of speech and of the
4 on this and every other subject of domestic and
national policy should be maintained inviolate in
| all the States. MIR. DAVIS addressed the Sen
| ate in powerful and eloquent speech, which was
listened to by the crowded auditory in the galle-
ries, as we'll as by the members of the body, with
marked attention. He remarked that among the
| many blessings which we have inherited from
| ancestors, one of the greatest was that thew
| have transmitted to a written Constitution
| a liked standard, to which,, in the progress of
| the nation and the springing up of new ques-
| tiOns, everything can be referred and measured
But for this, the wise men who formed our Govern
tuity. In order to secure the great purposes for
which it was established, the Constitution should
be shield for all parts of the country and at all
| times. This written Constitution which distin-
| gulshed The formation OF our cOnfederacy is our
| hope to-day. The resolutions which were now nm
| der discussion were but little more than an an.
nouncement OF what he believed to be the express
declaration of the Constitution, which every mem
! Der OF this body had sworn to support-not prHdp.
| lngiy, but rendering willing obedience To that
h&ed standard, 1t was sought at this time when we
| were drifting away from our mOorings to bring
back the Government, and to test our condition to-
day by the rules which our fathers laid down The
| differences which exist between the
| various portions of the country, the rival
| ries and Jealousies OF to-day, are precisely
| the same those which existed before the
| formation of the Constitution. The operation of
government in reference to these different interests
| should be like the showers of heaven which fall
| twice blessed, blessing Him who gives and him
| who receives. But we are told of a "higher aw;''
and this doctrine of higher law was first broached
when the tempter entered the Garden of Eden,
and induced our common mother to offend against
the laws that God had given. From the effect of
the introduction of that higher law came sin into
| the world, and from sin came DEATH and banish-
ment and subJugation as the punishment of sin,
under the first great law given by God to fallen
man. We also hear arguments about natural rights
| but who is to define the length and breadth and
depth of this right? 1t was not his purpose to ar
| que the outside of the Constitution, but to
| plead the of law and order under the
| Constitution, and to appeal to those who have
| sworn to abide by that Constitution. One
| of the fruitful sources of error which prevails
now, is the theory that this is a government of one
| people-that the government of the United States
was formed by mass. Instead of that, it was
compact between the sovereign members who form
| ed it. The Declaration of Independence was made
by the colonies each for ITSELF The States now
claim protection from Congress for their rights of
property; first because it is their right to have it,
second, it is the duty of the Federal Government
nd hIrd wn hau anton into
pact which deprives each State of using those
means of selfprotectiOn which it might otherwise
have employed. He alluded to the breaking up of the
Charleston Convention and said the enemies of the
Democracy were waiting to be invited to its fune-
rail- but he had faith that the Democracy still lived
he had faith in the patriotism and good sense
OF the Democracy to assert the truth boldly
and meet the issue; and he believed in the
patriotism and good sense of the people to sustain
them. The General Government might acquire
territory, and have eminent domain; but the agent
of the government cannot do this What the gov
ernment can create, it control, of course and
it was only necessary that power should be con-
ferred to control things which they did not create
Congress has power to defend territory to repel
vaslon and suppress insurrection, to see the laws
executed, &C., and to this end can establish fed
eral judiciary. These combined give power to es-
tabllSh a temporary government over a territory,
sufficient, perhaps for their wants until they acquire
population and have resources enough to take care
of themselves. He proceeded to review the hsto-
OF n0n-lnterveniOn, as having been more malleable
than gold. He did not seek legislation now; he
did not ask for Il slave code horse code; but
these resolutions designed declarations
which will speak with restraining voice TO the
territorial legislature that they have no
right to interfere with any species of property
Mr. ID. also referred to the resolutions of his col
league, Mr.. Brown, and regarded the second of
those resolutions as having too an afiiliation
with the squatter sovereignty doctrine of the SEN
ator from Illinois, (Mr. Douglass When he had
concluded, Mr.. BROWN briefly replied. He was
ready to strike from his resolutions anything that
looked like squatter sovereignty against which he
had been lighting for the last dozen years. He
was totally opposed to that doctrine; and all he
wanted to have the fact stated plainly that it
had become the duty of Congress to interpose and
pass such laws will afford to the slave property
OF a territory that protection which IS given to
other kinds of property. He moved to amend the
fifth resolution by striking out all after the word
"Resoved," and inserting substitute, that expe-
rience having already shown that the Constitution
and common law, unaided bv statutory enactments
do not afford sufficient protection to slave proper
y, some of the territories having failed and others
having refused, to pass such enactments, it has be-
come the duty Of Congress to interpose, &c
Mr.. CLlNGMAN approved most of the speech of
Mr.. Davis, but he was opposed to departing from
the policy of nOn-interventon, which the
Democratic party had stood for some years. With
out concluding his remarks, he gave way, and on
motion the Senate adjourned.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
Mr.. BURLlNGAME, from the Committee on
Foreign Affairs, reported bill authorizing the
President to appoint full Minister to Sardinia,
with salary of $4,000, with Secretary of Le-
| CATION at 81 800 per annum. The bill passed
| without debate.-Mr. GROW desired to postpone
the Territorial business, which the special or
der for to-day, until Thursday and Friday. The
reason was that some of his political friends desired
at the close of the week to go to the Chicago Con-
vention, who did not so much to be on the
record of Territorial business the Tariff ques
ton, which would be the next important subject OF
| consideration. MR.. HOUSTON said be was not
willing to vote on the tariff until after the Chicago
| Conventon.-Mr. PHELPS suggested that the
tariff bill might be postponed, and then the House
| could proceed to the consideration of the Post
| Otllce and other appropriation bills.-Mr.
| GROW said that last week he moved to postpone
| Territorial business till this week, because gentle
men the Democratic side were absent at Char
| lesion. He did not think it fair to consider it
when the House was thin. Those who desired to
go to Chicago should, matter of courtesy, be
similarly accommodated. DIR. MORRIS, of IL
linois, gave notice that when the Territorial bills
come up they will move an amendment, giving
| power to the people to organize Territories, and
| to elect all their officers.-Mr. CLARK, of
Missouri expressed his willingness to grant the in
| dulgence.--Mr. Crows motion then prevailed
| by large majority.-Mr. B0TELER voted No,
| saying that the Union National Convention meet
! on Wednesday, which seemed to have been ignored
| by both the Democratic and Republican parties.
| Mr.. GROW thought you'd get through in a
day.-Mr BOTELER-l think can assure you
| that it will be- harmonious Convention.---
| Mr.. BOYCE offered resolution, which was adopt
! ed instructng the Committee on the Post Office
and Post Roadsto inquire whether any further
| legislation is necessary for the transportation o
the mails through North and South Carolina
On motion of Mr.. SHERMAN, a resolution was
adopted to close the debate the Tariff bill to-
| morrow at one o. o'clock.-The House then went
| into Committee of the Whole on the State of the
| Union upon that subiect.-Mr. SHERMAN, of
Ohio spoke of the tariff act of 1857 crude, COM
| plex ill-digested, passed by a combination OF hos
tile sentiments, and as it ought never to have been
passed, so it ought now to be repealed. The act
| took effect on the lst of July, 1857, when there
were SIT 600 900 in the Treasury. On the 1st of this
month the public debt was over S65,500000 He
contended that the ordinary receipts were
not sufficient to meet the current expenses OF the
| Government; and he pointed out wherein large
| reductions could be made-the expenditures could
| be reduced to $50, 900, 900 per annum. We cannot
much longer regard the public lands as a source
ofrevenue importations were the Legitimate sources
of financial supply 1t necessary to raise sixty
| or seventy millions of dollars annually. The
| present act does not produce so much. In con-
! clusion, he advocated Mr.. MOrrilPs bill (Which is
pending) because it is simple certain, plain,
and efficient than the act of 1857, besides giving
| protection to American interests.-Mr.
| SCHW ARTZ, of Pennsylvania, entered upon the
defence of his character from the attacks of the
| Constitution newspaper, saying that print
had used toward him language which would
| have shocked Billinsgate itself. lie spoke OF
President Buchanan and his administration as
false and treacherous, and said he (Mr. Schwartz)
| represented large Democratic constituency. In
! conclusion he advocated tariff for protectlon.--
! Mr.. GROW, of Pennsylvania, addressed the COM
mittee in support of the bill under consideration;
orou;nr ;tc nacSaoa was necessary for the support