The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-12-12

| in very few words One of the important objects 70
be accomplished BY the adoption Of the constitution as
declared in the preamble, 10 ENSURE domestic tran
GUILTY. and the power was expressly given 70 the
federal government by that instrument to sup
.asry, IA. a3cssdsd y si.oe.e Is os.dssaS h1
rai.s .psaes:os s.sus ne sisps. ss1 ~ieM lied 70
scribe insa,Teci0rs IN the Southern States " such an
e,en achich Is more than possible should really happen it
| might become the duty OF Mr. Lincoln to restore the
tranquility which tbs policy Of his party had disturbed
and to suppress insurrectlon which the policy
In stating exceptions which may be fairly taken by
the South TO the election Of Mr. Lincoln purposey
presented in the strongest light the dangers TO which
Southern rights and interests exposed that il may
not be supposed that had not considered or compre
hended the full Of consequences which
may result from the present menacng attitude the
North upon the slavery question, before formed
opinion upon the question: whether the election Of
cedent grievances of which the South have right to
complain furnish any sufficient to Justify the
render by the Southern States Of their the
rich and glorious heritage of the Union and seek safety
and the undsturbed enjoymen of their rights South
ern confederacy With this explanation l am now pre-
pared TO say unhesitatngy and unequvocay, that it
would not and the confidence feel in the solidty Of
the grounds upon whiah give this will be ust
fed by the following considerations
/. M Lincoln, u Is soetl ksoDn does not hold e.
| treme opsnp4H on the snlg,c: Of sIdnery. II is
certain that he has expressed decided opinion that the
South has constitutional right to demand the faithful
execution OF the Fugitive Slave law, and that under
Gn circumstances he would feel Il his duty not to op
pose the admission OF a slave State into the Union
His declaration this point is little satisfactory TO the
SOUTH but neither that declaration the opinion
pressed by him the subject of the Fugitive Slave law
Is at all satisfactory to the extremists Of his party
Jpn sohole, " Mr. Linooln ptso,sc declarations on
nsn y ~, Surs poley and he pos.esse, ne nsop~l
courage to adhere to them opposttn to the Of The
eSreme nsen Of his party and it is just and fair to
sumo that he does possess that vrtue) mis-
chief nerd oprrehended during his administration e1crt
the usual esls attending ne psrrssua! agitation Of the
q But it is assumed by some that Mr. Lincoln has dis
guised his true sentiments that his character
has been understood and that he will under the
control Of the worst of his party do think
have every confidence that his future policy will be
found to be in strict conformity with his past decara
tons But apart from this, Is generally known
that he will be poweress for mischief except to very
limited extent during the first two years of his admins
traton unless the southern senators and
elected to the next Congress should rashy, and, as
think nexcusaby resign their seats retire from Con
gres and thus voluntarily surrender the control in both
houses to the republican party which surely they will
not do With both houses opposed 30 him. Mr.. Lincoln
not appoint his Cabinet ministers fH any offices Of high
grade ,cuhom the assent If the Senate, tdee Of te
ror grade ADORE that Of clerk or petty deputy postmaster
Ne ,1H BE- able % carry measure connected cah ne sub
je Of slavery wh'ch does not commend Ie 10 the South and
| The conservative members from the North.
g. As to any apprenensions that the republican party,
encouraged and stimulated to further efforts by their late
be strengthened in the result Of the
lions Of senators and representatives in the meantime
TO obtain majority in both houses Of the Thirty eighth
Congress, that is during the last two years of Mr. Lin
coins admnistration-while it may be well to regard
such event possible the strongest exist for
Il
attend the elections in the North which
complexion of the Thirty eighth Congress.
OF the whole number of votes cast for Mr. Lincoln in
the recent election, from my own personal knowledge
and from information received from other sources of the
sentiments of the South, and especially of those Of the
Middle States, and the States north Of the Ohio, am
sure hazard nothing in stating that large numbera
least onethrd-are devoted to the Unon and, although
opposed slavery in abstract have but little sym
pathy with the republican party and would be sincerely
glad TO see the slavery controversy between the two
great sections Of the country speedily terminated They
fha tdutn tha llfa
mainly influenced by their strong and nveterate feelings
of opposition to the democratic party believing that Mr.
Lincoln was the only available candidate in the field to
am also well satisfied that not more than one third
part OF Mr.. Lncolns supporters extreme in their
antislavery sentiments ard animated by intense
hatred OF the South to be either wholly Indifferent
the effect upon the Union Of the policy Of the republic
can party or actually DESTROYS of separation OF the
| free from the slave states
OF the remaining third Of Mr. Lncons supporters,
think am warranted saving that they are attached
the Union, though antislavery their sentiments They
joined the republican party retaliatory measure,
adopted in resentment OF the repeal Of the Missouri Com
PROMISE which they regarded little less sacred and
binding than the constitution and in further resentment
OF the attempt to force the ecompton constitution
the people OF Kansas But that they have sgnay
triumphed in the late election, and view OF the evils
already inflicted upon the country and the sl greater
evils 10 be appchended they will be content 10 the
upon Southern interests and feelings.
FIR the foregoing reasons teel confident thai ne Thirty
e'ghh Congress teiH ert,tf falling ~ IN ue strength
| Of the republican, party maead g an increase
a /uof the ers,nre orsec Of winch TIE SDssA may
Justly oomptasS t redre,sed N ne Union As to the
ndignity not To say insult offered to the SOUTH Of
mating and elcctng tho candidates for the two highest
Offices Of tho government by sectional party,
on principles which practically excluded the South
States from voice In the election
rary to established usage, and in violation Of the
spirit Of the constitution they may BE- pardoncd for the
sake o peace and harmony and in consideration that the
South has not been gultess of having contributed and
that In small degree, to increase the violence and
ertcs Of the slavery controversy between the two sec
tons.
In expressing the opinion that all grievances may be
redrcssed IN the Union intended TO exclude other greater
offences which have been apprehcndcd from republican
domination aud which OF possible occurrence How
they shall be redressed should they unhapply occur will
call for counsels out sufficient unto the day the
evil thereof
The existing grievances the distractions nterposed
by some OF the slavchodng 10 the prompt and
faithful execution Of the Fugitive slave law BY what
called Personal Liberty laws, aud the refusal Of the Co
Of several Of those states TO surrender fugves
justice from the savehodng states IN those
which the crime imputed TO the fugitive i the abduc
ton or stealing Of slaves. some further legislation BY
Congress b. required the surrender Of such
ugives but the due enforcement OF the Fugitive slave
law all that required redress the grievances arising
from the escape abduction Of slaves the Southern
States TAe f-rendent az ~ed VIA ssDcsen poDr and
MEANS 10 orcs las taW IN dfsnce Of al cbsfruc'tons
~s,eh May BE- A,o0n ne Wsy sefeas Il Hk aepieca
o. fais % sss ezec-es Ne 4 nAbie 20 i~pescA~esk
The next subject which purposed TO my self 10 notice
briefly is the doctrine theory OF secession which
understand it, Is the right claimed TO exist under and by
the constitution the exercise Of which State may
withdraw from the Union, whenever majority of the
citizens decide to do So for any cause whatever
wrong sustained nj the hands Of tho coSates by tho
action o. the federal government, Is set up TO Justify
the exercise Of this right not nasmgch as the people
OF t seeding state, under this theory claim 70 be the
sole tribunal Judges 10 decide whether any such
grievance wrong has been inflicted and upon the ex
tent and suicency Of the wrong in fact the theory
Of implies the right of state to dissolve It's
connection with the Union at discretion and the whole
question resolves itself into this whether the federal
union, IL extals and a II was intended TO be by
its trainers Is anything more than voluntary asso-
cation Of States for defence and other objects
of vital Importance 10 their interests and prosperity car
~ ng with binding obligation upon any OF the
states yield obedience the federal government any
longer than such state should consider expcdient.
propose enter into elaborate argument TO demon
srnte the unsoundness of this theory and 70 show that
no such ght reserved BY the constitution either 10
the states the people That has often been done BY
ADLER pens. must b. permitted, however, TO say that
when It's nature properly defined and its logical and
necessary consequences canddy stated ts absurdy
| must strike the commoncst understanding It's unrea
condolences and folly aside from s absurdty will b.
| illustrated by single example
The possession aud control &c the mouth Of the Msss
sppi held be OF such vital Importance TO the int
reefs ~ the people uhabng the Valley OF the Missssp
p being the great outlet market ofhe rich products
Of their soil TO make ts acquisition either BY pure base