Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-06-08

that there can be no manufacturers. artiZans, /
and independent yeoInanry, in a slaveholding /
State? Why is that? Do not gentlemen |
know? Does the gentlenan from South Caro- |
lima sleep upon a bed made in his own State
Dir. AsnAoRE. Yes. sir.
Mr.. STANTON. Dies lie wear fabric OF any
description manufactured in his own State?
Mr.. AsHxoRE. At home often do, but not
here.
Mr. STANTON Why is it? Because there
is no encouragement 10 enterprise. none to in-
vention. You must stimulate the mechanic
arts, by establishing system of labor which
coniers its bereiis upon the inventor. the
manufacturer himself. What does the slave
care for manufacturing fine fabrics? He does
not gain anything by it. What does he care
about inventing labor-saving machinery? 1t
saves him nothing. Hence you find that all
the patents come from Connecticut and the
Yankee States, and the other free States
You find labor-saving machinery and mechani-
cal operations are confined principally and sub
stantially TO the free States. They are not in
the South, because free labor there has no en-
courageinent and more than that, free labor
must be intelligent.
You cannot have free iaboring population
in community where you have no schools
do not know Of a common school between the
Potomac and The Rio Grande There are a
few colleges. OF necessity, it must be SO as
general rule In free State, where every man
is the master of his own earnings, the head of
his own family he rrquires but u small space
t. occupy and cultivate for ttcir support
But go into slave holding State. and the
planter, who has twenty or thirty slaves, and
who has half d zcn families must have a Sec
ii ~ or two Of land to support them. The con-
sequence is that the white population must be
sparse. You cannot have them compact; you
cannot have schoolhouses and churches in
every ueighborhood, because the population
cannot sustain them.
But this is not all, The tendency of this
disseminati,R of education among the laboring
population is to extend il to the slaves but
the seed Of insui rection.
! Mr. SINGLETON. ] can inform the gentle
man why it is that the South has not been
more extensively engaged ill manufactures aad
| the mechanic arts. Ii is because it is more to
our interest to engage in the culture of cotton,
to supply the markets of the world with that
material But I will tell the gentleman that,
| if the course which has been pursued by the
| North is pcrsevered in little while longer and
we are compelled to 4 separate organization,
We will soon improve in our knowledge of arts
and manufactures F; and we shall very soon de-
! velnp a sufficient skill in those departments
among us. to manufacture everything in the
! South which is needed by them. We think
now it is for our interest to buy manufactured
articles frGm the North, and to devote our en-
ergics to the cultivation of cotton, corn, rice,
| &c. &c.
| Mr. STANTON. If there were anything that
wnuld induce me to desire to perpetuate the
present state OF things, it would be that the
| South should introduce manufactures among
themselves, and thereby bring about an inter
| change of commodities.
Before / sit down. have one word in reply
to a remark of the gentleman from Mississippi
/ little while ago. II is claimed that the slave
holding population cannot be confined to their
present geographical limits. If so, it results
| from one of two causes either that the cen
! tinuancc Of that policy upon the same soil must
destroy its productive qualities, or because the
| increase of the slave population is such as to
put the safety of the community in peril
Hence gentlemen say that some years hence
slavery must have more room, Now, I wish
| to call the attention of gentlemen ofthe South
| to this single proposition: if you must have
| expansion now, will you tell me where is to be
/ the ultimate limit of your expansion? You
want five more States this year. or fifty years
hence then a hundred years hence you will
| want twenty more. The time must come when
the thing will be broken down and destroyed
by its own weight, and it is only question OF
time. There is limit to all expansion. There
| is q limit to the coatinent-to its productive
capacity and area and when that limit is
reached, then that calamity which the gentle
man breads must come, and no expansion can
save it. 1t is only question of time and it
is a question, whether we should take hold of
the thing to-day, and remedy the evil where ii
exists at present, OF whether we will permit il
to go on and accumulate, until it will be more
difficult to eradicate
Mr.. SMITH, of Virginia. The gentleman
from Ohio will readily see that the argument
he addresses to the slave population will apply
equally to the white. When population be
comes so dense, whether free or slave, the checks
upon population will begin their work. Every
body understands that. The very argument o
the gentleman, which goes to show that, as pop
ulation increases among the slaves the difficulty
| OF keeping them in that position increases, also
shows that that difficulty arises, not from ap-
prehenson of revolution, but from non-employ
ment. But the same argument applies, and
perhaps in higher degree, to the white popu
lation. But that is 4 day which We claim there
/ az
| Representatives of the slave States have the
right to share III the common Territories of the
| Union. We cannot admit policy to be wise
and just and humane. which gives all to one
section of the Union, against the common RICH
of the other.
Mr.. STANTON. It is rather late in the day
for the gentleman from Virginia to complain
that the North is seeking to monopolze the
| Territories. There was a line of partition
within which slavery might go, aud beyond
which it might not go but, by the vote of the
gentleman, it was taken down and disregarded
Mr.. SMITH, of Virginia. But the gentle
man will remember, and beg he will, that, il
that respect, the rule was not even. You pro-
fessed 10 prohibit slavery north of 80 deg SC
min., and then gave US permission to have
slavery south of that line, should certain cir
cumstances require it. 1t was imperative up
on the on" side, but not upon the other.
Mr.. STANTON. Nobody proposed to force
slavery into a Territory against the VIII of the
Shareholders. But protection was afforded to
it and tie South was guaranteed the right to
go into the territory south of 80 deg. 80 min.
with their slaves But yol were not content
with tLat you wanted all You inaugurated a
struggle, and put on foot controversy for the
possession of all the Territories and ifyou get
the worse of it, it is no work of ours
The gentleman from Virginia says the same
cause will operate to demand the extension OF
territory for the free population. There is no