The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1860-11-30
reign of Edward the Third, the wages of a

carpenter six pence. There were up to this
time no manufactures in England. Their
cloths, silks and other Injuries were inn
ported from Italy and Flanders. aN
The first considerable improvement in the
commerce and wealth of England took
place during the reign Of Henry the Sevs
enth. It was the discovery OF the new
world, the passage round the Cape of Good
Hope to the Indies that gave the first a
impulse to their industry, trade and navi-
CATION and increased the demand for the
products of their mines and farms, and the
number of ships trading in their ports.
But until the policy Of Queen Elizabeth
had become successful, which was under
subsequent reigns, English enterprise was
confined to home industry-to northern pro-
ducts. The advantages derived from the
wealth and the trade of the tropics, and the
rich mines of South America, were OBJ
tanned chiefly through intercourse with Spain,
Portugal and Holland. 1t did not comport
with the temper and ambition OF the En-.
glish to remain in this dependant position.
They aspired to nothing less than monop-
oily of the newly discovered resources of
wealth enjoyed by neighboriDg nations
This is their national passion now.
In all the mutations of the British gov
eminent, their policy has been the same
under Kings, Lords and Commons-uuder
Episcopacy or Puritanism-under Royalists
and RepubIicans-unde King and Protec-
tor-under all alike. Cromwell perfected
the policy inaugurated by Elizabeth. Be-
sides this, "The Navigation Act" which
confined the trade of England and her colo
MES to British ships, and made their whole
trade centre in English ports. was one of
the great measures of the Lord Protector.
We do not desire to excite prejudice
against our mother country, but to show
from her history the reasons why she has
become the first power of the earth, and why
our country is her only rival, and why her
| astute and profound statesmen feel so deeply
concerned about the issue of the "ImpeDd-
| ing Crisis" in which our institutions are
now unhappily involved.
To maintain the existing population Of
England in its present condition, it is neces
sary to prevent, as far as possible, any other
country competing with her artisans in the
great markets of the world.
L
ington, Bart, M. P, delivered an address
on national education to the members of the
Manchester Alheneum, in which he says:
"that out Of a population Of 18 100000 10
England and Wales, there were only about
100000 who derived, from any source,
yearly income of 1907 or more. Taking
the number at half million, and allowing
FIVE persons to a family, there would remain
l5 millions and halt of men, women, aud
children, who were dependent upon incomes
of less tran lOOL. asyear."' And this 48O,>
600 embraces all the nobility, and a large
proportion of the civil, military and naval
officers, with all the wealthy classes, mer-
chants, manufacturers, mechanics and pro-
fessional men, who could be considered as in
prosperous circumstances.
Now deprive the English of their Hndoo
and Coolie laborers, employed in the cult
walton of tropical products, and how long
will it be before Epglishmen will be as
poorly paid for their labor as any people OF
the continent-how long would it be before
there would be revolution in England
Perform like operation upon this coun>
try--separate the South from the North
and no longer have Southern slaves to work
for Northern freemen, and what will be the
material and moral condition of the latter
The English statesmen perfectly under
stand the elements of their own power and
the weak points Of all other governments.
They alternately favor democrats or despots,
as may seem to best serve their national
interests. They have the power to excite
revolution on the continent, or at least to
alarm its governments; and whenever they
cannot accomplish their objects in any other
way, do not hesitate to use this power.
The governments Of Europe rest upon
powder magazine, to which England, as the
European representative of popular gov
ment may. at any moment apply the revo-
lutionary brand. This is the secret OF her
power over European cabinets, all of which
hate and fear her, and none of them more
intensely than France, which naturally
desires to form an alliance with Russia, in
order, when the favorable moment arrives,
to strike fatal blow at Perfidious AL
bion." Two years ago, when the French
Cabinet betrayed such designs, the British
Press threatened all Europe with an insur-
rection of the "arr,tated democ,acy". This
threat is always in the hands Of England,
'a knock down argument"
We copy the following short paragraph
from the London Daily News of March 20,
1858, to illustrate this feature in British
policy: .a. ..
Should the French Emperor persevSfe in Ger.
tain inklings, too clearly manifeste83n Count
Walewski's last dispatch, the result must be
to fling England into alliance, ho,ces toeit and
d,so,cned, su,tt the iyritated democracyN Europe.
1t is the position of Mr.. Canning some thirty
years ago, q position which he did not shrink
| from avowing, and which he warned absolutist
| Europe against forcing England to take up.
1t is terrible alternative. But if forced upon
| England by wanton and gratuitous emnity and
| attacks, it is not we who must bear the blame,
| but the provokers of it.
The London Daily Morning Post gave
Napoleon the following gentle hint of the
power of England, over the dynasty Of
France, and Of what he might expect, it he
ceased to be " faithful ally:
PRICE OF CONTINGENCY TO RUssIA.-The page
| 0frecent history, is widely open to the French
| Emperor as to all the world, and in it he may
| especiallyto Charles T., was the influence of
| Russia. Inthe last years of Louis XVIII, when
| that generally sagacious king was weak in
mind, and feeble in body, Russia induced the
| court of the Tuilleries to undertake the inva.
| sion of Spain. A year after the invasion, the
| monarch, harassed and chagrined, was in his
J tomb, and Charles K had assembled the throne.
Lured by the foreign bait held out to him by
Russia Charles selected q o.Russian minister,