New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-05-26

pcv acre 70, "c m local Un~cd States o
n'eps nfBcsa are established in each Lam scny 70
.ib We under tie supervision OF .he ~, the 2
Of The &c neral Land Once at wasnns .; the PuLIc
y, .ue "o ., correct Government Survey OF 'Se
f.ISa a. IL established the Once of ou "a
General several Land Districts are emor' Ss,sIs
in the limits of the surveys Of eaen Of
Office; as for instance, W oor'sye 'omrssssj in
Kansas and Ncbrz ska has charge OF we el. The
,t eve, iand AZ, lets in tioer two Terrhories ING
principal duty OF this officer is ~ aWsu % - In
practical Surveyor by the terms on wnNu w AVN
sbns which ARE subdiyided inio gee ons OF one sqnSs
mile Tor 640acres which, in tnrn, are %ain H. In
into tracts of 100, 80 and 40 acres. Anet 'a
srector Of Surveys has made his reports .ns pSi.r
are made up from tie field notes. the survey
eral cerfes to their correctness and hey are uans
mitted to the respective local Land Offc " VIM. IL,
then preparcd TO transact busness with the 1870,
r.; 4; m make his settlement thereon VIII ich may %
done by Iaying the foundation Of house AZ. l 80. ~
model the construction OF fence, tue d'gB iaB -
Vii Or in fact by any labor upon II indcati' % .,
;tent;nn 10 improve it. This tract must not exeeeS
leo acres He should then present binSei ~ VI A.
Office and file bis 'declaratory sfsNmens S
however, may be done through an agent ,o WV
" A. B. Of the County s,- the State Ter TER ~
e. being single lPr rrisd nan oyS5 the 1s. -s a.. ~
Of Cd he lss 's ssss re g s ns sssss
SssSTi Il: did, .H aas.I
. in Rss Ss ten ss IT, e Of e s %
subject 70 ere the whe, the once ga % @
md ga a9, ss sse S' .ss sy
Sa .a% @ az % f. md "SsqSsns -
snsendstory thereto. Given under n,h and
gpon fling this statement the oltae, ana the
payment of small fee, you rec ~ e cernca'e i I
HE @Reqister' of sach fling upon the quarter section
designated, r,,d. hs,,o nover
q III Il, la
the fling must be Waktn three me IA - Vi 'e .nS y.
making settlement II the land hcs Deeh 9nereo q"
public sale, then within thirty day yer 1ne SUI
inent You then have twelve ontf n ON tne GATE Oh
settlement in which to make the neee-, airy improve
yoents upor he claim and forwerd ana enter the
same; whi,h, in AL cases, must b poifDy m Ae nme
Of entry. IT, however, pubic ale shOg "a tse Plaee
before the expiration of twelve 'nths 20 sntry ana
payuent NUT be made prior to % ch saLe--the iTes
dent of the United States awsy givsie' nohee OF
such sale, by publication Of at Il ast taree niC n.
Upon max ing application TO enter Is ca M the Fay
desiring to enter must be personally present sGcoa-
MED by witness, who must tessf, 70 tire following
facts, viz: That be knows the a opllcga, a; d.
that he made biz settlement upon ID. lant on the -
aay of -, by having the foundation Of e, mouse las
the case may be that al the time Of b Settlement no
was a single Tor married or head OF ia MY over
United States Tor has declared his nteb on TO become
sucbl that since making such settlement ne as gone
on to complete dwelling hOuse-descIioin t'e aonso
in detaand that ]. il comfortable houss u hFe Id;
that applicant moved INTO it on the day o. - WIN
his family If he has onel md household al ID klteHen
furniture and that he had resided there ever nss and
still continues to reside thereoS that aPPs o0ss no, Io
United States and that he Gid not move OF nlO'own
band to reside thereon. And further, that wii ne E
no interest in procuring the right OF Prcemi u9n 'or
appcant either directly lirectly. The n phcent
ao makes affidavit tha he never had the beneh O. Che
Presumption Law of lS4l, and sathe has made 10 con-
tract by which the title TO the land ne applies u ertor
will inure in whole or in part 70 any other erson.
Thereupon if he is the only claimant 70 the land, he
pernttd to enter it and receive from the Regh ter
Z duplicate" which certiies to the purchase oney
having been paid for the land w,chas described, ard
authorizes him to receive ~ patent therefor rom
the General Government Before the local o meS
finally closes the patents are forwarded from Wish-
ingon for dstributlon but Tor an Pfasa garPost
dence of title. As there is generally delay OF from
one 10 three years in forwarding the patents, many OF
them never called Tor.
forward process for securing the benefits OF the Pre-
emption law But, unfortunately, ittrequeniiy hap
mons that more than one person land three
or fourI Ale upon the same claim; this with ut
least one third of the claims filed upon according to
statements made to me by the land officers at come of
the Offices. In such cases the party wishing 10 enter
anpies TO the Office for notices to be Issued TO tha
other claimants, calling upon them 20 appear at the
Land Office, ON a certain day and contest, II they de-
sire the right of the applicant to enter the Land IN dis
pute Upon the day appointed all parties appear with
their attorneys and witnesses the testimony Is taken In
writing and upon review Of it by the Register and
appealing from the local TO the General Land OF.
Zee is quite common and, in many instances, inaI
appeal is had to the Secretary OF the INTERIOR The
amount OF litigation of tn character is almost incred-
be- Atone time was informed that there were over
three thousand contested cases. IN many instances
each party sincerely considers himself entitled TO the
disputed claim; but too frequently happens that one
or of the claimants has no shadow OF night 70 the
land but by filing upon thinks that his peacefully in
elined neghbor will compromise, by paying him
bonus rather than submit to the expense and yexation
of a contest. Many times also, some designing person
enters upc claim previously taken, and removing the
improvements the first settler makes has settlement
instead Thus in variety of ways do conflicts arise,
causing much bad bl0odand not unfrequsntfy resulting
in extreme violence. There always, too, upon the
rubue lands class of who do great injustice %
The rights of honest &c ers by hard swearing for eh
other at the land Offices. Indeed this evil is exsn-
siye and difficult to guard against that 1t has tre-
quently been doubted, by thinking men, whether the
Presumption law, upon the whole, was an dy nta e 20
the settler. That would be could lis equitable rr0yi-
sions be carried out there be question, bit tho
utmos, vigilance cannot preyont serious abuses
Priority Of settlement and continuity of purpose, az
eyinced by improvements, residence, &C., govern IN
The decision OF contested ceses. Yet whs re pror
settlement has been made the party max ing aosn-
dons his claim, he cannot n urn and suce' shJy con-
test with subsequent bona tde settler al gfe'
latitude IL given to the poor CLAIMANT wD o. 'nei IiA
inc his settlement finds il necessary to save Ms Gam
for months in order to or obtain uie means 'tn
which 10 pure sse it, or whore seKHesS nus prefeNeu
his residence and improvements upon NJ "SP@sn "saM
cases h. ,8ustbe hpiRg upaH ~ THes ne Xts,es ~ ss
- I, :; ,oytbv Of remark that where tie land Of
tered az ruhc sale the highest bidder snere s gen
orally eomneDdable srr,t, ainch4 tnt nVn-ressienh
purchasers of opposltor 70 oaas 1859 = +
a.. =. II often happens that the cultivated raiin
inns put up owing to ths inabaty OF the eiAnlnt 10
nav fort at the time, he woaid sui severe loss
b,d competition BE- tolerated; still, it is dangerous
~ y;sI such chance where the Improvements are
| tensiy q and the land valuable.