The New York herald., 1860-12-10

stock market Tor tne past week and month";
Nor 10. Nor. II. -Noe. "a. Dec J. Dc. s.
s:,;'7.: Nv 7.,s oa'r.' y. e !: s.. & &: @
W"hl,an central. :. So. a. So 5oI 4a,S
southern guaranteed 35,a 2s1s "a 81 2ox
limos Central. 6T1a 56a 62 % ooA
Rock Island. 5sh 81 Sais asa ~ "
Toiado. ............. 3i1s 254 3o1s 2sA 2o1s
Hudson u q vsI siye'... 90 % ~ ss 81 81 49,
al kinds Of securities declined heavily during
the week The depression on United States stocks
and state stocks is from to per cent, and rail-
wav stocks have fallen about as much. specuia-
ZION in stocks il dead for the present. some capi-
,ali.ts are buying small lots for cash and putting
Them away, but there are no spectators Tor the
rise. on the Stock Exchange the worst has been
discounted. If civil war were TO break out to-
morrow il is not likely that stocks could fall much
,o,r.r. The interest on United States stocks and
the various State stocks win be paid without ques-
lion. The leading Northern and Western railroads
are earning something for their shareholders over
and above interest and expenses; but in the pre-
yainc distrust all stocks decline-there are no
buyers at any price
Europe is beginning to send us the first of the
recoi from our political crisis. Thus far, the
French seem incapable Of understanding what has
happened, and the English are incredulous as to
the secession Of the Southern States. Lord
perby's organ in London half intimates that Eng
land will interfere to prevent revolution IN the
South. Private letters express the confident
belief that the Southern States will not perse-
we're in their declared purposes, and nearly
every London banker sends orders for the
purchase Of American stocks. The number
OF orders which arrived per Asia was considera
bly, larger than usual; they can be filled at prices
about ten per cent lower than were contemplated
by the parties who gave them. We shall not re-
ceiye decisive news from England, however, until
the arrival Of the Europa which will be due at
Halifax about next Wednesday. Before she
! sailed accounts showing the imminence OF seces-
sion and the first orders for gold for this country
| will have reached Great Britain. Her mails will
| settle the question whether our revulsion is to
prove contagious, whether the English, fore
seeing the fall in cotton will take cool view Of
| the matter and avail themselves Of our troubles
| to buy the wheat, corn, provisions, tobacco, cot
ton and stocks, which they need, at the extremely
| low prices produced by our political troubles.
| As the time approaches for the absolute seces-
sion Of South Carolina from the confederacy Of the
! United States, the leaders of the dsunion move
ment are compelled 10 devote some attention to
! the practical bearings Of the revolution. Among
! other questions which have arisen, it has been
! asked how secession will affect the commerce Of
4 the port of Charleston. The Charleston Mercury
answers this question in the following article:-
We take il for granted that the general government
after the secession Of south Carolina the Unon will
not attempt by military force, TO stop vessels going out
or coming into our harbor If such an attempt Is made,
IL will be and OF course the question, Who are mas
.itp.S ha hafpr
sderaton Of commercial operations be properly
entertained suppose harbers 70 be unobsructcd,
what is the condition Of commercial relations with
other PowersY We viii not hesitate TO receive the ships
of all other nations in ports free Of duties such
shall be the will Of Legislature, or with such duties
as shall require On the other hand, all vessels
OF other nations VIII be free to depart hom ports
laden With our agricultural productions The only din
Guilty to the shipping owned by south Caronians.
II not large enough TO affect the commerce OF Charles
lection. Nor viii the difficulties, IL any, be ongoniy
! until Southern Confederaey is formed. As there
| viii be no Collector Of the United states with
the abolition Of the United states Custom Hous =,
and the State VIII appoint its Collector, why will
not the manifest by the captain Of vessel, made
| before Collector, and the clearance be shall
receive suffice foreign portsy Ii the government Of
the United States intends resist the Independence Of
south Carolina IL j. bound Immediately to take
reduce her subcction, and TO inform the foreign
Of It's III the government of the United
States makes no effort 10 reduce the state submss
and communicates 10 foreign nations intention to do
foreign nations not bound 10 submit 70 their com
being interrupted or broken up by mere abstract
pretcnslons. The fact that our waters and harbors
j left TO exclusive use and control Is quite sai'
cen TO justify them in respecting the clearances and sea
passes may give our vessels Manests of the cargo
are 10 prevent smuggling Cearances for two purposes
First, 10 protect the ship the high seas BY show
ing that belongs to certain nation; aud, second 10
prove that Is engaged in legitimate trade. Nearly
| all nations prohibit foreign nations from engaging in
ibeir corstng trade They DO not allow the vessels OF
another nation take cargoes from OF their ports
10 another This IL the privilege OF the citizens alone
belonging 10 country Clearances arc necessary 70
carry out this policy, by showing the port from which
vessel sails. Now. viii not manifest and clearance
| from the Port Collector Of South Carolina answer
both these purposes when our vessels arrive at
Havrc liverpool their papers viii show that they
have relied for protection the high the ag Of
the state and the manifest II the Collector Of the port
Of Charleston and 70 prove the legitimacy Of their trade
they establish ceaances from the Collector OF tho port
o ,harlesonai that time unmoested in its trade under
the control of the authorities Of the state Why, under
such circumstance should not their vessels he allowed
We se@ss ha, they win ne alowsd 10 land their cargoe
and receive their return but suppse foreign
! mai ous b. the hostile Influence Of the tinted stats
Minister'S should prevent vessels from landing their
cargoes there very easy and efficient resort IN the
Consuls Of foreign nations n this port. We have no
authority 10 speak of any OF thom, and have consulted
With Of them hut know that j. not usual for
Consul o. nation, whn thoroughly satisfied Of the lcg
macy ot tho trade IN which vessel engaged with the
people hc represents 10 facilitate the trade by granting
10 her sea papers This viii obsiate all difficulty And
do not believe that the Consul OF any nation, a port
entirely free from any excited influence control by any
other people, viii permit legitimate trade with the
| nation he rcpresen,s TO bc arrested or broken up
by any vague unyiudlcated paper prctensions II
would, however, be wise precaution for the state 10
send immediately after the sccesson consular agents e.
all the ,adng potts oi Europe The period viii be short
we trust between seccss and the organization oi
southern confedcracy which viii most probably b. the
protection Of trade With other nations. II gratfy
ing however To know that during the short period
trade viii not be affected Or interrupted even our
| bottoms
] The Mercury commits some obyions though not
unnatural errors. Vessels sailing from Charleston
for Liverpool or Havre. after a. before 18th De
cember viii be required. before they can discharge
cargo IN either of those ports to present proper
clearance. signed by United States officer. II they
have no such clearance, they will probably be
| seized and detained as suspicious craft. Neither
| the government Of Great Britain nor that Of France
/ will recognise any south Carolina collectors
South Carolina j. not and viii not for some time be
| known Ia Europe as an independent nation. And
anyyessel which goes 70 under her flag, and with