The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-08-07

uary have only the liberty 70 ash along certain por
ton Of the shore and for long time the question has
gent BY treaty in 1857 the English government decided
this queston favor Of the French Immediately the
English residents 81 Newfoundland threatened revolution
mass meeting held a. St. Johns the English dag
hostsd han mast and union down, and deter minaton
was expressedthe colonial officers leading the
sst the enforcement Of this treaty ut all hazards Infor
nation OF this feeling beng conveyed the home 20
vernent the obnoxious treaty not ratified and the
gu sson was stu len open neg treaty has recently
Princes visit, informed the Observation-Disclosures that they
would be satisfied with lis provisions The inhabitants have
learned however that IN cons Iteration OF the French re-
linquishing their exclusive claim Eogsh government
has granted them right 10 take bait along shore This
right worth about $50 900 per annun aud If this pro
vision Is really in the treaty, will sec Newfoundland
again In state Of revolution in spite Of tho Prince Of
waes visit and Of proestations Of loyalty The govern
mcnt promised the colony in 1851 that should manage
its own Affairs and this promise must be strictly kept
The greatest jealousy Of the French exists among the
sss ssn .hsn tn. English ss
Tho French Emperor covets the island, AM
maintains there, and at the island Of St. Pierre,
at an enormous expense, about twenty thou
sand fishermen and four hundred vessels paying them
not only head bounty, but also bonus Of two and
ng about $500 900 yearly To preserve this nursery
for seamen s ancient policy Of the French Emperor
lacks 70 perceive the great importance Of Newfoundand
not only for its fisheries, but IS key to the st. Lawrence
and the trade Cuba is the key Of the Mis-
sssppi and the Southwest The settlement at st. Pierre
is most thoroughly French and upon landing
in the heart Of f. ance completely the French
style Of building the manners, customs dresses language
The fisheries Of newfoundland are its perennial harvest
and its fishermen indeed the farmers Of the In
the spring the seal, In the the cod, and
the winter the herring fisheries all OF which capable
Of much larger Development than at present What
sources OF wealth yet untouched The island will
support large agricultural population, but now only
barley and considerable Quantity Of crsss for
hay, are raised All sorts Of building stone, from
sandstone 70 granite, abounds, and lime, plaster Of
paris, coal, copper, lead, and silver, have
been discovered. lead mine is being worked with
profit by New York company, but this is the only ad
The gold matrx has been found but no gold yet The
converting Of the sh o into phosphate of lime will yet
oil esnnot eecp pace with the Demand small ssh
called the caplin, when preserved in OIL rivals the
dine or the anchovy and found In immense quantities
along the shore, but is used only bait for the
cod The demand for the Goldfish in every part Of the
world Is constantly the increase, and its conveyance
S gyss TO D %s.s Of ships
prosecuted Ike that Of the Dutch TO be equally valuable
Means Of transportation along the coast greatly need
wealth lays around only waiting for hands to gather
up, and better chances anywhere presented for
M aOS
Americans It's climate is dciicously cool in summer,
with but little RAIN no fog and sky Ike that Of Italy,
The winter lasts about four months and is quite
In education the colony making great progress there
two hundred schools, the majority OF them not
very well conducted-snce tho teachers arc very
poorly paid--and two or three colleges at 81.
Johns About dozen newspapers are publish
Sd The ,, inhabitants are thrifty and industrious
beaten appearance as II they all fishermen, and to
stranger the women look most provokingly alike, and
The children. who are plenty wei be imagined,
healthy looking tnn their parents and defy all
the people of Newfoundland could not be exceod for
bealthness and longth OF life Anything like crime is
almost unknown and although all Ncwfoundanders drink
like fish, there Is but little intomrernnce The liquors
Of the very best quality and Newfoundland port vino
Ia renowned the world and hs and the influence OF
the climate, may perhaps account for the fact that al
liquors in manner shocking to sensitive New Yorker,
they seldom become lnoxicaied II Is noticeable also
and may probably be accounted Cor by tie causes
that the same course OF practice ON The part OF vislter
produces the same result; but further ihs depoueni
would rather not say such Is NewfoundlMd-for many
years more fishing station, now iourishing und self
supporting colony, and 10 the future TO become
past, The island owes nothing 70 Ensiand bu, its
government, and has more than rewarded this
Questionable Depeni Perhaps was because ,s the
colony, loyal as IL was nevertheless was slowly drifting
away IRON all sympathy with England, that the pro-
changed, and he permitted 10 grope bis way among
the fogs which supposed TO envelope Newfoundland
and the idea was certainly well conceived, and has
produced lis effect for just present. and pending the
ds csurc OF tho terms Of the treaty with Franco in ard
to the shores people could be more loyal than those
OF Newfoundland.
81. johns,
the principal city OF the colony, and tho place at which
the Prince was received, Is situated upon
the extreme east OF the island, and contains
about thirty thousand nhabiisnts It's harbor Is per-
fecty landlocSei and is entered by passage between
two high hills, appropriately called "The Narrows,"
since there scarcely Tor steamship Of ordinary
size 10 enter These hills fortified and completely
command the harbor, whch,s about half mile in length,
with deep water up 10 the very docks. g. Johns 10 built
in anphiheaircal form arouad this harbor. and rises
with the bills from the waters edge us appearance s
certainly unique the houses being conflsedy Gmbed to-
gcher, some players bad boon ~ ng thtm FOR dice,
and had heaped them pell mel a the last throw. The
buildings the lower part OF The city of brick,
built after q large IRE in 1st6; In the upper
part q wood bat AL are Of only one or two stories IN
height. and painted o. some dngy brownish coor with
roofs Of black, giving the town indrcfibaby dull and
quaint appearance The streets like all the roads the
pretend to sidewalks Tor pedestrians. The city covers
area Of about three mc<, and s very loosely and rogu
larry brli few only % the thoroaehiarcs being onsted
tho q streets, the rest being lanes, with
many turns and angles the best 90 Boston paths
Tho city built upon succession Of very steep hills and
this ryes Nil the houses upon the transverse streets the
appearance Of stepping up Ill., and aids 10 the unique
aspect of the place. The hneft public buildings are
RANGED ma line a. nc rear Of The town, are esi Of
Of the most hdcous styles OF architecture tho Governors
looking more Ike all thnn private residence,
ard Tho Colonial Building almost successfully corcstng
the palm CT uglnczs. Tie city mol municipality, but
undcr the charge Of tho House OF Assembly. There are
lew polctms on duty, but tncy seem 70 nave an cty
LIE OF 10. aud only occasionally arrcst a saucy man
o'.wars mar by way q practice The stranger who
rds al ST. Johns at rsi struck With the neatness and
cleanliness cvoryw bore apparent, ard s then surprised
the apparently gigantic size 81 the Inhabitants, who,
account Of the low siorcd bouscs tower dspropor
tolatcy large. and at the dmlnutive size Of tic /
boyes which pass Along the streets, drawing immense
drays, or equally cumbersome wagons, double |
sealed, and generally loaded with four persons. |
Tho immense number u liquor stores ncxt attract atton
ton, nearly every shop the lower part Of the town
keeping liquor IN addition 20 rs other wares 81. Johns
is the scat OF the colonial govern ucDt, and aot every
other person meets s oical or other. The
men everywhere prevalent, and take the places q
men stores, tho markets, aud az walters in The hoies
Durnz the Princes visit the mcn seemed dsproporon-
aicy iew, the majority q them icing alcnt at the 1ahe
rics On the Labrador coast Besides the coloaal Bald
lngs. the city has Several Bunncrcs, a mouts- /
terry, lunaiic asylum, poorbouse, public /
market, q Custom House, and nine churcAce,
two Of which, the Episcopal and Roman Catholic 4
cathcdrals Gne specimens % Architecture. Tie In.
habiants arc about twothrds Roman Catholic. Along
the coast tho city, several small hehng villages
md around the barbor are raised platforms, called
akos for drying the fish, nom which comes nm oior
bythnc but pleasant TO unaccusonfcd nostrs Beyond