Union County star and Lewisburg chronicle. [volume] (Lewisburg, Pa.) 1859-1864, 1860-12-07

moss both by the Government and people of tn
United States. There is every reason to beirv
that they have returned to their native Ian,
entirely satisfied with their visit, and inspire,
| by the most friendly feelings for our county
Let Us ardcntly hope, in the language of th,
| treaty itself, that there shall hencciorward /,
perpetual peace and friendship between III,
| United States of America and his Majesty til,
Tycoon of Japan and his SUCCESSORS"
BRAZIL.
With the wise, conservative and liberal gov.
ernm mt Of the empire of Brazil. our relations
continue to be of the most amicable character
NEW GRANADA
The exchange Of the ratification of the con
yeution with the republic of New Granada.
signed at Washington on the 10th September
1857, has been long delayed from ACCIDENTAL
causes for which neither party is censurable.
These ratification were duly exchanged in this
CITY ON the 9th Of November last Thus has a
controversy been amicably terminated which
had become 70 serious at the period Of my in
auguration, as to require me. on the 18th
April, 1857 to direct our minister to demand
his passports and return to the United States
Under this convention the government Of
New Granada has specially acknowledged itself
to be responsible to our citizens ''ior damages
which we've caused 10y the riot at Panama on
the 18th April, 1856" These claims, together
with other Gains Of our citizens which had
been long urged in vain, are referred for ad
justment to a board OF commissioners l sub
nit copy of the convention to Congress, and
recommend the legislation necessary to carry it
into effect
COSTA RIGA AND NICARAGUA.
PerseveIing efforts have been made for the
adjustment of the claims of American citizens
against the government of Costa Rica, and
am happy to inform you that these have finally
prevailed A convention was signed mt the
city of San Jose, on the % of July last, be-
tween the minister resident of the United
States in Costo Rica and the plenipotentiaries
of that republic, referring these claims to a
BoarG of Commissioners, aud providing for the
payment of their awards. This convention
will he submitted Immediately to the Senate
for their constitutional action.
The claims Of our citizens upon the republic
of Nicaragua have not yet been provided for
by treaty, although diligent efforts for this pur
pose have been made by our minister resident
to that republic These are still continued with
a fair prospect Of success.
MEXICO
Our relations with Mexico remain in a most
unsatisfactory condition. In my two last an
nual messages discussed extensively the sub
ject of these relations and do not nov propose
to repeat to length the facts and arguments
then presented They proved conclusivey that
our citizens residing in Mexico and our mer-
chants trading thereto had suffered series of
wrongs and outrages such rs we have never
patiently borne from any other nation. For
these our successive ministers, invoking the
faith of treaties, had, III the name OF their
persistently demanded redress and in
but without the slightest effect.
Indeed, so confident had the Mexican authori-
ties become of our patient endurance, that they
believed they might commit these
outrages upon American citizens with absolute
impunity. Thus wrote our minister in 1856,
and expressed the opinion that nothing but a
of the power Of the Government,
and OF its purpose 10 punish these wrongs, will
avail"
Afterwards, in 1857. came the adoption of a
new constitution for Mexico, the election of a
President and Congress under its provisions,
and the Inauguration of the President Within
one short month, however, this President was
expelled from the capital by rebellion in the
army and the supreme power of the republic
was assigned to General Zuloaga. This usurper
was in his turn soon compelled 10 retire and
give plac. to General Miramon.
Under the constitution which had thus been
adopted, Seffor Juares, us chief justice of the
Court, became the lawful President OF
the Republic, and it was for the maintenance of
the constitution and his authority derived
from it that the civil war commenced and still
continues to be prosecuted.
Throughout the year 1858 the constitutional
party grew stronger and stronger. In ntheprevious
history OF Mexico a successful military revolu
ton at the capital had almost universally been
the signal for submission throughout the repub-
iC. Notso on the present occ lSion. A majority of
the citizens persistently sustained the constitu
tonal government When this was recognized
in April, 1869, by the Government of the
United States, its authority extended over a
large majority of the Mexican States and people
Vera Cruz and all the other import
ant sea ports of the republic. From that pc
Rod our commerce with Mexico began to re-
vive, and the constitutional government has
afforded it all the protection in their power.
Meanwhile the government of Miramon still
held sway at the capital and over the surround
ing country, and continued its outrages against
the few American citizens who still had the
courage to remain within its power. To cap
the climax After the battle of Tacubaya, in
April, 1859, Gen. MaiqueZ ordered three citi-
zens Of the United States, two of them physi-
clans, TO be seized in the hospital at that
place, taken out and shot, without crime and
without trial. This was done, notwithstand-
ing our unfortunate countrymen were at the
moment engaged in the holy cause of affoidDg
relief to the soldiers of both parties who had
been wounded in the battle, without making
any distinction between them.
The time had arrived, in my opinion, when
this Government was bound to exert its power
to avenge and redress the wrongs of our citizens
and TO afford them protection in Mexico. The
obstacle was that the portion Of the
country under the sway of Miramon could not
be reached without passing over territory un-
der the jurisdiction OF the constitutional gov
ernment IInder these circumstances, deemed
1t my duty to recommend to CUngrese, in my
last annual message, the employment of a suf-
ficieut military force to penetrate into the inte
rior where the government of Marimon was to
be found, with, or, if need be without the con-
sent of the Juarez government, thought it was
not doubted that this consent could be obtain
ed. Never have had clearer conviction on
any subject than Of the jnstice as well as wis
dom of such q policy. No other alternative
was left, except the entire abandonment of our
fellow-citizens who had gone TO Mexico, under
the faith of treaties to the systematic injustice,
cruelty, and oppression of Miramon's govern
ment. Besides, it is almost certain that the
simple authority to employ this force would of