The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-04-14

ihe United States governed by clause Ia the consuea
ton which empowers Congress TO max AL neeou ruks
and regulations respecting he err0y or other proPery
| belonging 10 the United states y aAo
rsht to scooire territory whichever may be the source
whence the power be derived the possession Of y -
% T,o',s Congress exercises the combined powers Of
\ Inc general and o. a State government"
S s vsrs, 81 s 81
sssIa p''Ai''''' slavery ~ ' "''' u ''s 0'''AAN's
In 1850 Uah and New Mexico were organized az Terri
forks when The power of Congress first seriously dis
puled not hen exercised, chiefly because il was
behaved slavery was suf seny prohibited by the local
| Mexican laws and the supposed effect Of climate.
The controlling idea upon which the compromise meas
ures Of 1850 was based thus ta,ed by Mr. webster-n
hs speech OF the It'll Of March, 1880 "And
ga. sir, the proposition upon which stand this day,
thai there is not at this moment within the United StaIes
The CHARACTER 81 which, in regard TO its being freeso ter
fo'y or slave territory, s not fixed by some law and
some gnrspeaabe law beyond the power Of he govern
What wouA Mr.. Webster have said he coould have
,ossseeS the repeal Of one OF these unrepssaoe lays
have foreseen the bred Scott decision and the slave code
New MexcSY again nc sHd ; whenever there
ory lam reaoy 70 assert the principle Of the exclusion
Of slavery. ! am pledged TO It from the year 1881
have been pledged TO again and again and will per-
form these pledges" (Applause)
have thus shown, by well known political events,
that The Of Congress TO prohibit slavery the Ter
riorits recognized and acted upon The distinction
between States and Tcrritoresthat States Congress-
could not interfere with slavery, but that could in Ter
orieswas recognized by every department Of the 60
venmen had been 70 exercised that in the opinion
ss Sed er the slavery Question was
has never proposed 10 exercise this power further
keep slavery out Of the territory covered by the Missouri
rshctop and out Of that acquired free territory
Their great purpose s to maintain that Territory free
lree labor and free men, Let toe origin OF the pro
In ths contest Of 1852 the old wing and
democratic .sa parties had united substantially upon
promise measures Of 1850. Military grants and
pre- ,smptisn laws bad, for the time, disposed
tariff with Incidental protection and q protective tariff
hal become 30 nice and refined that the popular mind
would nc. draw them Men voted with their party
from habit than from choice, and with q general ndie
renee as to results The democratic party succeeded In
the contest sectional strife soothed by deceul
snses OF the fnay Of the compromises But there
great controlling inerest-an interest above parties
to discern and prompt to seize upon the opportunity
TO extend It's power 1t extorted from the ambitious poll
tcahs at Washington the repeal Of the Missouri resrc
ton by the aid, Is verify believe Of scandAlous abuse
OF Executive patr onsge. So unexpected this OF
bad faith that the country only awoke fiom It's sumbes
70 IND that had already been consummated will not
dehsive cry Of popular sovereignty ia rejected by
every organ OF the democratic party The declaration Of
the President the decision Of the Supreme Court the
yeoes Of the Governors Of Kansas and Nebraska the
ton OF the Senate and House, all show that cheat
and sham Its true purpose was, by removing hgs
| and the nee over all the territories
Must We submt toit Must negro slavery be estAb
shed where it was agreed free labor should exist Ii
not, how were we TO prevent nY These the ques
tons No thern men were compelled TO The South
ern Of the WING hnlld TO resist the
peal Of the Missouri restriction, any other measure in
the interest Of slavery. We could hope but little aid from
them and there was no other political organization Of su
fcient power and influence 70 ress But the outraged
and Indignant public sentiment Of the free States speedily
found an embodiment in new organization. All who
were opposed 10 this measure designed, believed
extend slavery founded in dshonor by corrup
ton and bearing deception its face rallied around the
republican standard They consisted OF three classes,
VINO had for years been arrayed hostile parties There
was the great body Of mechanics and business men,
believed in the industrial policy Of the wing party there
was portion Of the democ ats of the North who
not willing to sustain their party in It's abandonment OF
the settled policy Of the government and in converting
slavery men who fought against slavery as
mere party names and old political ties, formed them:
selves into the republican party with dstsr%nsa re-
should derive practical advantage from this violation
CT q time honored compromise.
sectional snimosityg Was merely dislike 10 slavery
an existing institution in the Southern States9 Any
Of great political movement The very sentiment that
led the great mass OF our people 10 acqucsce in the
the agitation Of the slavery queson-ths was tina. led
thousands and tens OF thousands Of best citizens
The political interest of slavery was active ceaseless;
J, would allow no quiet 1t would make new demands,
way to meet this ever dis lurbng element Of American
Politics except firmly to cay 10 its advocates .You shall
not extend slavery into the free Territories Of the United
This was the immediate purpose and of the repub
hcan anzaon and every measure adopted by has
connected with other interests of the government Yet
s. adheres to its original snd principal object and al
though has the control Of branch Of the federal
| legislature, II has thus far been able 20 accomplish
great deal has approved Itself in the estimation Of all
but in lis ability 10 maintain them what otter I power
would have sustained the people Of Kansas in their
resistancezto the invasion from Missouri in 1855
/ speak OF what ] know, when ! say that
nothing could prevented the final conquest OF Kan
sas in the interest Of slavery but the moral material
in 1856 and 1856. Then denounced miserable
faction Of bask republicans" thrown upon the surfsce
called by these same men the great republican party
able to force combination Of all other par ties and fac,
discipline by its firm adherence to principles the ad al
ration of friends and foes 1t has been able to its
present position only from the deliberate conviction OF its
aoherents that it's success necessary to keep
Stheers)
Let US contrast these two parties In the thirty fourth
Congress, when, for the first time they each other
face to iaee The President and Senate democtac.
republican plurality in the House succeeded alter
q long contest In electing Speaker. Ia the mean
TIME a civil war was raging in Kansas The free
state settlers had been worried by democratic
driven TO evaporation and engaging In acts Of law
less retaliation II was the time when such Jaoobin de
mocrats as Atchon, Sringfellow JONES' Shannon, and
others Of that stamp, ruling with ubcunded license
when an arbitrary, dkgraceful code was enforced by
drunken rowdes and officers Of the army compelled
TO do police duty at the heel Of vagabond consabes In
this contest the Democrat; party exhausted W to
| estaDRh eSvery IN Kansas. The very men who
day By day. mourn the lawcss invasion Of
Virginia by seventeen white and FIVE negroes led by
fanatic smiled compacenty at iorsy Of thousands OF
Mssoutiaps upon the praries Of Kansas Republicans
may and do denounce both these awless attempts upon
the peace and order Of society bat how Northern
Southern democrats, who sneered 1t "Kansas shrekers
consistently camor At the silly crazy attempt Of John
Brown when they excused their partisans armed with
United States muskets taken by violence from United
states srmoIy driving quiet settlers from the polls, and
| deprvmg them OF every civil right by q cum
| ming combination Of force and fraud9 When I
recall these scenes, brought wildly before me
| by legislative examination OF over three hun
dred witnesses, by knowing the engaged in them
and by being compelled eye witness see portion
OF tnem am not surprised that the people Of
this deter mined ia their hostility 70 the demo-
cratic party than other portion Of the people
| United States.
During this early struggle am glad say the repub
cans in Congress inside mistake They established By
ihn hofK