The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1860-08-07

mant of V 'heh 10 turn towards the govern
H. , w era Cruz, whose defenders were precisely
oI ohe ineh VINO had committed these actsI This
bnd aH;S a., pncy on the part of the United States
nf er.uey motive quite foreign to the claims
Juarez what Mr. Forsyth had faiIed ~ obto;n of
Zuloaga The new American envoy. Mr. WcI,ane
arrived about the first of April, 1855 at Varo
Cruz; He was armed with instructions, it is said,
which authorized him to decide for himself which
OF the two governments he should recognize in
Mexico. Hardly had he been twenty-four hours
at Vera Cruz when ne resolved to recognize Ju-
arez.
Recognized by the United States, disengaged for
the moment from all menace of attack, on account
OF Miramon's being obliged to fall back on Mexico:
assisted at the same time by numerous diversions of
socaed Constitutional bands that kept up the civil
war IN the interior, the Government of Juarez
tnought OF showing its existence by other acts
circumstances had given it some months respite,
and it projected by this. 1t recommended Iepisla
ing IN ine war Waged by the last revolution against
the church, and Instituted civil marriage by de-
cree. lie published, also, manifesto announcing
all sort of reforms all crowned with the expropicia
ton OF the clergy This last measure, made to at
tract those spectators who were determined to
enrich themselves at all hazards, was not without
Its connexion with the relations just established be-
tween the North Americans and Juarez, the prop
erty OF the church being a guarantee already to
offer the United States in negotiation The Cab
met at Mexico protested against the appropriation
OF the Church. as it had protested against the recog-
milton OF Juarez by the Unied States 1t declined in
advance, the consequences that might ensue to ndi-
viduals and to foreigners any intermeddling in the
sale OF the property of the cergy at the same time
It declared null and void any treaty which should
be made between the North Americans and the
Cabinet of Vera Cruz.
There was war of DEGREES of laws of protests
added to the war of arms that continued to desc
late the land. Naturally, the government of Mexi-
co did everything in opposition to what was done
b6y that of Vera Cruz. To a manifesto of Juarez,
Mlramon would oppose another manifesto, in which
he exposed with bitterness all the bleeding wounds
of the country. Unfortunately, the young Presi-
dent had more ntrepdity and coup doeil upon the
nattie hed than experience in the management of
public affairs. So it happened, that in the month
OF July, 1859, seduced by the specous projects of a
young man, Carlos de la Peza, who presen ted him
self as the possessor of secret for the financial
regeneration of Mexico, he called him to the Min
lstry He was blamed for being thus seduced, and
he was blamed afterwards for abandoning the trial
when the ineficacy of the secret of Mr.. De la
Peza was but too clearly demonstrated. These
chickering's belonged less to the absence of governing
quantities In Miramon than to an impossible stua-
ton. Leonardo MARQUEE with the army of the
north maintained the ascendant Woll and yica-
RIO were successful. CobOs beat the insurgents at
Teottan, and took Oajaca, which is the key of the
States of Chiapos, of Tabasco and Tehuantepec-
On the other side Viadurr who up to that time
had sustained Juarez in the States of the north,
pronounced against him in the month of Septem-
Der, or at least proclaimed himself neutral be-
tween the parties. But nothing was terminated
and seeing this Miramon resolved to leave on the
al
most alone and at the risk of being captured by
some strong band of the Federalists.
Arrived at Queretaro, MiramOn learned that the
Constitutionalists, led by Degollado, Blanco,
Arteaza, had united to the number of or 5000
men, to try coup de main upon Guanaiuato. He
called together all the forces within his reach had
artillery brought from Mexico, and put himself in
order to march upon the Constitutional army
Before they came to blows, he accepted inter
view with Don Santos Degollado, who proposed to
recognize him for President if he would accept the
Constitution of 1857, subject to be reformed by
Congress Miramon refused positively. Degollado,
thinking himself superior in numbers, then took
menacing tone. The young President unmoved,
merely said, every well, Don Santos, have not
more than half your force, but to morrow morning
| shall have the honor of beating you" The next
day, in fact, Miramon dispersed the Constitutional
army at a place called the Estancia de las Vacas
and this new success restored him prestige which
had been somewhat weakened in all the political
regeneration, in the midst of which he had lived
at Mexico This activity and boldness again
awakened the confidence which had elevated him to
the supreme power.
Battles have rarely any decisive result in Mexico,
| and this civil war, which has lasted two years,
does not seem to approach its termination, which
Is always receding, although constantly announced
| as near at hand. Since the parties to blows,
since the month of January, 1858, eight important
battles have been fought, twenty-four combats of
| second Glass; thirty nine engagements of inferior
degree in all seTenty-One military acons of which
only sixteen have been gained by the Constitution
aiists. In truth, the civil war is only pretext to
commit all sorts of eycesses and depredations. In
reality, the party which is called Federal, or Con-
stitutiona, Constiutionaist, as it is called in
Mexico, is nothing but motley collection of un-
disciplined bands that ravage the country. Each
chlet acts on his own account and these chiefs are
nnumerabe. The best known for their evil deeds
Alvarez.
In the month of January, 1859, the Federalists
pllaged the MKT of Guanajuato, and took 100000
piastres, of which 10000 belonged to Engishmen.
One of the ministers of Juarez Mr. Zamora ex-
| planned this act by saying "that it only a tenn
! porary occupation of foreign funds destined to
supply the most pressing wants of the Federal
army" AT Tepec, Coronado. a Constitutional
general extorted from Mr.. Allsopp, the British
consul, the sum of ii ,060 piastres. Upon another
point Col. Carretero captured convoy of six hun
| dred mules, with their packs, belonging to the
merchants of Puebla. In the month of November
the Federalists, then flying from Oajacca, took 10
| quntals of silver from a church. These strange
| chiefs of Mexican radcalism have discovered new
way of providing resources. They sometimes
seize on the priests or monks, and only set them
| free for a consideration. At Zacatecas they dev-
cred eight priests for $500 piastres at San Luis
| the liberty of single one cost 10, 900 piastres.
Ot course the lives and property of foreigners are
not better protected than those OF the natives. Nor
can it be said that the chiefs of the government
party absolutely refrain from acts of this nature
| Marquee seized 100000 from convoy of Silver
near Guadalalara it is proper to state that Mira
mOn on hearing of it was indignant restored the
money, and deprived him of his command Such
is the history of Mexico, its revolutions its wars
and, it may be added its anarchy. The respective
situation of the two parties cannot be better char
acterized than by one of the most recent episodes
Of this history. That which was easy to forsee in
considering the new relations formed between the
United States and the so-caled Constitutional gov
ernment at Vera Cruz, has been realized. The
| North Americans never thought of recogniz ing
the government of Juarez without a compensa
tion, without the hope of obtaining advan-
tage, and Juarez could not fail to seek to insure
himself at all cost the support of the United
States. This accounts for a negotiation which
commenced Immediately after the arrival of Mr..
ceived in accordance with the basis of
that Mr.. Forsyth had Intellectually pro-
posed at Mexico. The treaty is in fact
disguised cession of part of the Mexican territory
and sort of high proteetorate instituted for the
benefit of the United States. Juarez no doubt
thought to gain strength in the support purchased
from the North Americans, but overlooked the un-
popularity that necessarily assailed him, the pro-
mitigation of the McLane Treaty, even among
many OF his own partizans so that what he had
sidered a of strength calculated to en-
| sure his success, became cause n diseredit and
| weakness. The United States themselves seemed
to hesitate whether to carry out the work of their
and threatened than ever. For while Juarez was
| signing his treaty with the American Union, Mira
mon renewed the campaign, collecting new forces
to recommence more serious and decisive operations
| against Vera Cruz. Recently the United States,
| in order to aid Juarez, have unceremonously laid
hands two steamships destined to second the
operations of Miramon, by which the latter has
been singularly embarrassed, though not sdiscour-
aged The two parties now face to face. with
| issue fairly Joined between them, if such term
may be correctly used in treating of such state of
anarchy.