The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1860-04-06
msx,e.-sp..eh Of Mr.. Coz, OF Ohio.

Mexicu-Speech Of Mr.. Coz, OF Ohio.
Mr.. Cox, Of the Columbus (Ohio) dis
trict, on the 18th inst. delivered an able
speech on the Mexican question, descrip-
tive of the present condition Of that
distracted nation, and in advocacy Of
such interference by the United States,
in its internal affairs, as provided for
in the McLane-Juarez treaty:
HISTORY OF THE PRESENT DIFFICULTIES.
Our third epoch opens on the 9th OF
February, 1857, when, at an extraordinary
Congress called for that purpose and
nen,i,,e co,,tradicente- present constitu4
ton was adopted. Comonfort became its
Executive. His policy, which was that Of
a trimmer between the two parties, led to
his vacating the post on the 18th of Janus
ary, 1858. By the seventy ninth article OF
the constitution, the president of the supreme
court of justice became the President of the
Republic. Benito Juarez then held the
presidency of thesupreme bench, and became
de jure chief executive of the nation.
Before Juarez could assume his functions at
the capital, Felix Zuloaga, under the plan OF
Tacubaya, proclaimed by. q body of soldiers
who had the venality, without the dignity of
the Roman Pretorians, usurped the Office of
President. Force drove Juarez from State
to State, until he found himself compelled
to fy,for his life around the Isthmus of Pana-
ma to Vera Cruz, where he now administers
his Office with cabinet of unsurpassed in
telligence and patriotism. He demanded
allegiance of the various States, and he re-
ceived it from all, except few in the valley
and neighborhood of Mexico. 1 shall now
show he still retains that allegiance; and
that Notwithstanding all the changes Of the
contest since the summer of 1858, he is
President in fact as we'll as in form.
In November, 1858, Zuloaga was deposed
by the same power which had set him up
usurpation aided by mercenary troops,
mercenary merchants and mercenary minis
tiers. One of the Generals, Miguel Miramon,
young, impetuos, successful, and more plant
to the purposes of the masters of the capital,
supersedes Robes, who had for two days
usurped the usurping Zuloaga's power.
For the past year these parties have not
changed their relative strength great deal,
either with respect to the various States or
in their military occupation. We have
bulletin after bulletin announcing the Lib
erals defeated here, the Centralists there.
Miramon defeats Degollada at Queretaro,
but he loses as he leaves this and that city
behind him, in his forward march. When
Miramon leaves Mexico to threaten Vera
Cruz, half dozen Generals move toward
Mexico to threaten it. said, year ago,
that Jaurez had majority of the States and
nine tenths of the people. He had more,
and he has retained all that be had. Let
me try and give clear picture of this Mex
lean "situation" by figures and facts, cor
rected by close observation. From it, will
be seen that Miramon is confined mainly to
three central States Queretaro, Puebla, and
Mexico-with temporary and violent oc>
cupation of a few places outside. All the
coast and frontier, with the custom-houses
and ports, are held by Jaurez. From these
are the revenues. There are eight of these
custom~houses on the Gull, FIVE on the Pa
cifc, and eight on the frontier. No mer~
chandise, silver or bullion can enter or depart
from the country, unless by smuggling or by
consent of the Jaurez government. Mira.
mon is hemmed into small area, and is
supported, willingly, but by very inconsid-
cradle population.
Mr.. Cox then presents tabular state.
ment, showing that there are in the hands of
Juarez, twenty-three, States having $685.
900 popuIation, l,044,35 square leagues
against five States for Miramon, having g..
100000 population, and 105.07 square
leagues; leaving 100000 of population
and 939.28 of square leagues in favor Of
Juarez, on fair computation.
THEADvANTAGEs OF THE TREATY.
If this House will but observe the articles
placed upon the list by that treaty, they will
perceive the ample scope of intercourse
which it offers to every part of our country.
The Ohio farmer will feel it in the enhanced
price of his provisions, as well as the plan
ter of cotton on the Gulf, whose great staple
will find a larger market. The iron interest
of the Middle States, and the manufacturing
interest of New England, are alike the re-
cipients of its results. We may regain the
trade with Mexico which we had from 1880
to 1840, when $46,OO0,O00 were exported
thither, against only $l8 900 900 from 1910
to 1851 We will do more. Since then,
we have carved out an empire on the Pacific;
and the far Orient of China and Japan has
given US treaties of interchange. Our COM
merce from Mexico, being unburdened with
transit duties, will 60 north to our possess
sions on the Pacific, south along the South
American coast, and westward to this ORR
ent-the golden Cathay of Columbus
where our enterprise can play upon every
key of traffic, and touch upon every spring
of intercourse. Thus will be returned to
Mexico, through our agency, that afauent
commerce which, in her early colonial day,
made Acapulco the Venice of the New
World, and the stately galleons of Uadiz
the armada of the worlds envy, and an en-
pire's pridel That treaty was the respite,
or rather the life warrant to Mexico.
CONSEQUENCES OF IT'S REJECTION.
If our Government fail in its duty now,
one thing will happen, and that is, the sud-
den apparition of Houston, with ten thou
sand Texans, in northern Mexico. Such
movements are as irrepressible as fate.
They may even be less responsible and more
reckless than Houstons project. / know