The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1860-05-02

Southern Italy is more in q state of eruption.
The news by the last steamer leaves little doubt
that the instruction now in progress in Italy is a
much more serious business than was at first re-
presented. Troops were still leaving Naples for
the Island, at the latest accounts, though the Off
cial dispatches published by the Government ex-
pressly stated that there was no need for more.
To expect to Learn the truth, however, from that
source, would be as preposterous as to expect
justice or humanity. The embodiment of every
vice that can disgrace an individual or n nation,
the Government of Naples has long since forfeited
its last claim to the respect or sympathies of man
kind. No more welcome news could come from
Europe than that of its overthrow at the hands of
the people whom it has so long outraged and OPP
pressed Whether the present rising in Sicily is
likely to lead to any such happy result, in the
present uncertainty and scantiness of our informa-
ton we cannot even venture TO conjecture. The
circumstances attending the breaking out OF The
revolt show united people, the noblest families
contributing their best blood 20 the popular cause,
and even the clergy and high government officials
openly siding with the insurgents. Thus the
ROYAL Intendente is said to have joined them at
Palermo, and the signal for the rising was given
by the monks of the Convent della Granecia. The
Convent was stormed by the royal troops, and the
monks, who are said to have fought ''like lions,
were either butchered upon the spot, sub
sequently taken out, tried by drum-head
court-martial, and shot. Twenty, according to
one statement were thus summarily executed in a
batch while, among other brutalities noted by an
eyewitness, was the spectacle of an abbess and a
nun dragged through the streets by the soldiers
who quickened their steps with bayonet-thrusts-
their only crime being the suspicion of having
given shelter to compromised person What
was the real condition of affairs in the Island no
one at Naples was able to tel-the Government
dispatches being, as above stated mere packs of
lies, and all other information being sedulously
suppressed. In Palermo where the instruction
began, the attempt appears to have mscarried,
and the city was in the hands of the troops, the
insurgents having retired without the walls.
From MeSsra, there were conflicting accounts
The Government claiming that everything was
"quiet-that order was restored, and that the
''Seditious designs of few ilintentioned persons
chad been happily frustrated" Other advices
report that the city remained in the hands of the
country is reported to be up in arms, and at
Palermo the supply of fresh water and provisions
had been cut of, and the troops were consequent
ly experiencing great hardshps. At this juncture,
the Ambassadors of France and England had
demanded a personal interview with the Sow
ereign, with the intention of making a last
appeal to his sense of justice, if any such
sentiment have place i'll his breast; if not,
then to his sense of interest and instinct of self
preservation. Judging from the answers which
the Neapolitan Government has made to many
similar circumstances, it is not likely that the
appeal will be successful. 1t is, perhaps, not de-
sirable that it should be- THERE'S small reason to
expect that the KING would keep any promise
which, under such circumstances, he might be
persuaded to make or that any Constitution
which he might grant his subjects would be OBJ
served by him one hour longer than it was his
pleasure 10 do No reformation is to be looked
for in anything so inherently and incurably bad
as is the Bourbon dynasty of Naples. 1t is better
that the disease, which has gone thus far, should
be allowed TO ripen and hasten to its inevitable
termination, which is-dissoluton and death. 1t
may not be to-day or tomorrow that the inhabi
tantS of the Two Sicilies will be able to free
themselves from the yoke of their oppression; but
that if let alone, they will free themselves there
is no reason to doubt The events which have
taken place in Northern Italy have added great
strength to the popular cause throughout the PEN
insula. The idea of Italian unity has spread far
and wide, and taken deep hold of the
popular mind, suppanting, for the time
being, all the old municipal jealouses
and the spirit of party. The spectacle of pow
ertul Italian Kingdom under the rule of a consti-
tutional King, has qaickened the desire in many
Neapotan hearts to form part of the same union
The assumption by Victor EMMANUEL of the title
of King of Italy, has given encouragement to the
hope that such thing may yet come to pass. 1t
is not to be desired that any pretended measure of
reform, or any falacious promise of amendment
on the part Of the Neapoitan Government, should
arrest the progress of events towards so enviable
consummation. The cup, which is already full,
needs but another drop to make it overflow. The
little finger of FRANCIS has been found heavier and
thicker than the loins of his father FERDINAND
Beside the atrocities which have been perpetra-
ted under his reign, those which made the name
and memory of BoMBA execrabe throughout
Europe, seem tame in comparison. Nothing can
screen such tyran long from the just retribution
which is awaiting him. The present instruction
IN Sicily may be suppressed, AS was that of lS4S,
but the day Of deliverance will thereby be only
deferred. Both in Central and Southern Italy,
events are marching at uncertain or sluggish
pace towards what we conceive TO be the most
likely result of the present agitation, as well as
the happest solution of the italian questionable
union of the whole Peninsula under one constiu-
tional government.