, 1860-11-16
NULLIFXCAsI ION IN 1889.

The Snuth Carolina notification excite
mcnt Of Gen. Jackson's administration had
Its origin in the tariff amendments Of 1928.
Cndcr the I'D pa,orem system Of 1924, it was
contended by the manufacturing States
tha. goods were inyoiced II England far
below their actual value, and TINT the
tariff amounted 10 no tariff at all-that it
was merely temptation to false invoices
and all manner Of commercial havery.
Accordingly Congress adopted whnt
was known as the minimum" rate
Of duties: to-wit, cnacting that al
woolen goods not exceeding 40 cents in
value must be deemed to have cost 40 cents
per square yard. All goods over forty
cents in value, and not exceeding sl50pcr
yard must be deemed to have cost $1.50,
etc. This measure created great excite
mcnt in South Caroline, and it WINS pro-
posed TO rc1aliate by State legislation
against the products Of New England,
New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Kentucky,
Tennessee and Indiana No such meas-
ures were adopted, however, and it
was not until Congress actually set
to work reducing the thrift that rebellion
took on a tangible form in the Palmetto
State.
The colored person was, Of course, at
the bottom Of the strife. It was m early
graphing OF the principles Of free labor
and slare labor The North, abounding in
unemployed arizans, sought 10 cmu1ate
the manufacturing prosperity Of England
The South, or rather the cotton producing
States, subsisting on the unskil}ed labor Of
negro slaves, wanted nothing to do with
forges or looms, but desired to make the
largest amount Of money possible out Of the
products OF :hc soil, without any drawbacks
from the cost Of manufactured articles.
The Sntes of Delaware, Maryland, Vir-
ginia, Kentucky and Tennessee either f.
vored the tariff or gaye it n very feeble
opposition: A{r. McLane Of Delaware was
Il warm protcctionist as wns also Mr. Clay
OF Kentucky. 3lr. Randolph Of Virginia
Eas hitter ftcc-tradcr, and it was about
this time that he vented his famous express
zion that lie " would walk mile to kick Il
sheep" But the core Of the boil was
in South Carolina -its edges spreading
over and irritating Georgia and the plsnta-
4ions then stretching westward on the Cult
Of Mexico. At the session Of 1831-32 three
bills were introduced in Congress for re.
ducing and graduating duties Oh imports-
ono by 3lr. McDuf1lo Of South Carolina,
proposing to establish uniform duty Of
70 1-e per cent. I'D ealorem;: one reported
by HI. McLanc Secretary Of the Treasury,
proposingto establish the " minimum" sys-
TEN, except as TO the cheaper qualities oi
woollens and TO cstahlIsh the rate Of 20
per cent on woollen goods; and one by
John Quincy Adau1s repeating tho acts ol
1928 and essentially reducing tho duties on
important articles. Of iron and wool Thu
bill which passed was essentially that re-
commended by 31r. NcLane.
South Carolina was At once in \ blaze
The Legislature passed IN act for Con
rention to be held on the I'd Monday O
No'empe's Aoo~' ~ ~o4*e'"~1 Aae ~00' ~
uter and extent Of the usurpasions Of th,
"goncral government" The Convention
met and passed an ordinance declaring tn
tariff act of Congress null and Yoid, max
ing it unlawful for tie authorities Of eithe
tn. general or State government to enforc'
the payment Of duties within the State
taking AWAY the right of appeal from tn
State Courts 10 the Supreme Court OF th'
Cnited sta,cs, requiring all public officer
10 take an oatl, to execute the ortlinanc,