Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1860-07-13

Of her Representatives in the late Democratic
Convention, Joined the ranks Of the Disunlon-
lists under such q leader.
That their real object is disunlon, Is evident
from the reason assigned for their secession
f-om the Convention ut Charleston, or rather
The nreteyt for their incipient rero!l'tion.-
Thotis because the Convention, as they alieGc,
rccornizcd the doctrine Of popular sovereignty
in the Observation-Disclosures 'Squatter so"er-
eicntv," And as there is i difference Of opin,,
;o 0 among those with whom | have conrersed
m this subject, a few words Of explanation may
NOT he imDroper. II is not, as some suppose,
tho RIGHT Of the squatter to vote as soon rs nc
,rr;vrs in the Territory. Nor is II, as others
think that no moro slaves shall be allowed III
any Territory belonging TO the United states
Th;. * the Wi!luot proviSo, for which the b!acA
Rnnnblicans arc now conteadIng, and against
,rtfch .Ird"e Douglas has been iaborIlS i6r
ro,rs fighting for the interests Of the Southern
rroonle some OF whom arc now attempting 10
rr,,sh him. Neither is it, belief N the rignt
ofu Territorial LegiSlatu!cto tukcawaF 4 man :
r;rht Of prcpcrty in his slaves. For Whist
ny.rv well informed lnan knows that Tic Ter
ri,orjal Legislature must provide police resula-
ton: sor the government Of TINS una all Other
t;nds Of pro,Ier,y, no man of whom have any
knowledge recognizes the right al 4 Territorial
r ccislatIIrc TO lircst the right oi property III
cI,v,s The question rccG!S, then, what's "po-
nn,,rr mr. "Su,lattrr soYcrcignLy::' 1t is simply
Ills ..that the people Of Territory, like those
or. State should br left free to form arid reSu-
I.,. ,hcir domestic institutions IN their own
,,, subject only to the Constitution OF Tic
United StatcS;"or, rs applicable to slavery, That
the pcoplc of 4 territory shall have the rlShl i"
decide for themselves whether slavery shall or
shall not exist among them; ur, in other words,
that no powrr OH earth should be permitted to
force slavery on an unwilling people, or e&-
clude il from 4 people who desire Il. Ills Is
M other than the old fashioned doctrine oil
our fathers, Of the rights NJ men every where
and under all circumstances 10 e:i-govcrnnici't.
The opDositc Of this is the doctriac oil Congress
sional Intervention, which is held alike by tic
Black Repnilicans Of TIL. North and the ScccS-
sionists Of the South. This Mss fully eTl-
dcoced by the las. Congress. For IN act WAS
nassed hy the Black Republican House TO re-
peal the laws Of the Territory u! New Mex
leo for the protection Of slavery, whilst
Mr.. Brown OF Mississippi, introduced 4 D:ii
in the Senate IN repeal the lawS o! kai'*aS
prohibiting slavery. Thus showing ho" c%-
trcmcs NAV meet; lor if they had the right
10 pass one, they certainly had tho same right
as to the othrr; ipr if Congress has he right
20 establish slavery against tiIc Will oi the
pcoplc, they have al equal right I" prohioit II
AGAINST their wish. And the practical effect o.!
this doctrine would be the exclusion o! slavery
from every foot Of territory now owned or mere
after 10 be acquired by Inc United States. Or
the other hand. leave it 10 the people Of The
Territories to decide for themselves, and slavery
will 90 wherever %ciinair, sell and pr"ductlnl's
omen IN Il placc: for il. !iur | deny the ri.!it
| Of Intervention either 10 establish or destroy
The only right the Federal Government has
over the subject is that Of protection, and this
onnIirs n the States :S well rs the Territories.
For the Federal Government is hornG 10 pro
tect the constitutional rights Of person anu pro,
nertv or the citizens, both III the States and
Territories, wherever the local authorities are
Insufficient. And this | understand To be the
position Of Judge Douglas. Now, if Tins duty
of protection carries with it the right oil Con-
,rcss,onal intervention, tiicn Congress can i'll
teryenc in the States rs well as in the Terrific
rics to establish or destroy ~s!are:,y. And are
our Southern sccrdcr:: ready FOR such = mon
strous doctrine rs this: The true position on
this ubicct is the one To which the South Is
solcmnlv pledged, and for which Judge Doug
las is now contcnding- non Intervention by Con-
grcss-takc this distracting subject 81 slavery
from thu. halls Of Congress, and leave II Ia the
people Of the territories to determine Tor them
selves whether they will Or will not have slavery
among them. Hutif this doctrine OF non-iltcl-
ventiol or "souattcr sovereignty, is Il crime
so yrcat and terrible, that the Sn!l!!, 10 get rid
of it, must forfeit her pliShtgd faith and sacred
honor, and for which too Judge Douglas lilnSt
be sacrificed and Inc Democratic party divided,
WHY alleuIpt to elevate to the two highest OF.
fcrS in the gift of the American people, two
men who hold the same opinion, and are as tic
ci,lrdlv in i,vn, o: "Suuattcr sovereignty AZ
is Judge Douglas?
lie; us see il the scccdcrs themselves nave not
nominated two '<quattcr so"erclGnS," Hreck-
rnridse and Lane, for the two highest Offices
in the world. John c. Breci;inrldgc, their
nominee for the Presidency, in Il speech IN The
House Of Representatives on the I'D Mt'ch,
81, said, But if non-intcrreniion by Congress,
be the principle that underl!cs the compromise
OF 1850, then the prohibition OF 1870, being
inconsistent with tlat principle, should he re-
moved and perfect non-imtcrrcntion thus be eS-
tablisllcd by law" Thus clearly showing, that,
in his opinion, the Kansas bill he was then adj
yocating, did contain the doctrine Of non-intcT-
~ventiun, and that by its passage, the doctrine
of on-intervcntioI wonld be established by
law. Again, in aspcech al Lexington, Kentucky,
June 9TH, 1856, he says: The whole power VI
the Democratic organization Is pledged 10 the
following propositions: That Congress shall
not intervene upon this subject III the States, IN
the Territories, or in the District Of Columbia;
that the people Of each territory shall determine
the question for themselves, and be admitted in
" Il 80. ~, , f,n,i,t- oF ,,.rf..t n,,,IriItt-
with the original States, without discrimination
on account ii the allowance or prohibition Of
slavery" Thus You see that the candidate Of
the secclers for the Presidency holds the doc.
trinc Of "suattcr sovereignty" So, also Gen.
Lane, their candidate for Vice Presidency, holds
the same doctrine. In \ speech made by him
at Concord. New Hampshire, September, 1856,
he saws: "Thc idea Incorporated in the Kansas
Nebraska Till, is the true American principle,
for the bill does not establish, ~ prohibit slave.
~, but leaves the people of these territories
p~er(cctly free to regulate their own local
affairs in their own way. l.: there any inan who
can object to that idea? Is there any american
citizen who can oppose that principlc:" So,
when YOU come to "c:uciIy' .iudge Douglas for
this sin, what will yon DO with Brcckinridgc
and Lane Yet, strange 10 say. the recognition
of this doctrine by the Charleston Convention
was used as Il pretcnsc for secession from that
body.
know there are >nInc who admit the truth
of the principles for which ! am conLcniing,
but charge that Judge Douglas denies us Of Tic
Soutl, our equal rights Of person and property,
and our right to be protected in the enjoyment
OF those rights in the territories. The follow
ing extract from his speech in the Senate Of the
United States, on the Ed of June, ls5o. will
suffice tn show tha; this rhargr * untrue. He
says:
Nov, Mr.. President, have Il word 10 say
to the Honorable gentleman from Mississippi,
(Mr. Dayis.) He insist. that All Eoi in favor
of protecting property, ard that his smcnd-
mcnt is offered for the protection Of p,opcrt:
under the Constitutions. Now. sir, | ask YOU
what authority ne has for assuming that: DO