New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-11-06
THE STATE OF EUROPE
From Our Own Correspondent.

\
TURIN, Oct. II, 1850.
| The greatest event since 1915 has, within the
last month, taken place here 10 Italy. Imesn the
establishment of Itslisn unity. 1t is true that
| Vepetis and the Tridentine country bear stu the
| yoke Of the Austrisns; that Rome and her imme-
date neigbborhoOd remain under the dominion Of
the Pope, so lorg as be IS protected by French
| bayOnets; and that the King Of Naples sill holds
out between the Gargiano and the Volturno. But
twenty one milious Of Italians have, st any rate,
| coalesced in one powerful kingdom, which now
constitutes q new great power in Europe, and
changes that rule Of tie Five Powers which, since
the treaty of Paris, has administered 90 badly
the policy of the old world. Suce the days of the
Roman Emperor the peninsula was never 80 united
as now; she was never so strong, never 30 hopeful.
Inhabited by one Of the most gifted of nations fer
tile beyond belief, easily defended against foreign
enemies, Italy cannot fail, under the liberal and
Constitutional government of Victor Emanuel, to
develop and to grow in political and Industrial i'm
pertance. The country which within the last gen.
grafton, under the worst forms of government, has
produced such philosophers as Galgani and Volta,
such statesmen CavOur and Farioi such heroes as
Garbaldi must soon rise to the top of civilza ion
in spite of all the Austrian intrigues and Warsaw
Conferences, and the effete efforts of old diplomacy
The established unity which presents itself to our
astOnli he'd eyes is so surprising that Europe can
scarcely realize it, and still believing that tho
traditional municipalism and separation must
revive tnce more and destroy the house
that Cavour and Garibadi have built for Victor
Emanuel Ten years ago. not even Milan would
yield to Turin and the FloTentines secuted the idea
Of being reduced 10 the position of inhabitants of a.
provincial town. Still, Lombardy and the Emilia.
Tuscany, Naples and Sicily, have now no more
ardent wish than to be absorbed by Piedmont.
Day dreamers, Ike CattaneO, FerIaIi and Crispi.
who surrounded Garbaldi, and blinded him for the
moment with the brillIancy of ideas, thought they
might by means of the Dictator, destroy the Sar-
dinian tradition, as well as the Austrian, Bourbon.
and Papal rule, and constitute Italy upon a new
basis. But the common sense Of the peo-
pie, rejecting all the inherited ideas of auto
nomy, look to the future, and not 10 the
past, and believe that, while menaced by
the still formidable forces of Austria, and the
dangerous friendship and protection of France il il
wiser to accept the Piedmontese institutions and
laws, with all their impei fections than to maintain
even the sembance Of separate existence in Sicily
and Naples.
Garibadi who knows sufficiently the pedantrv of
the Sandman State, thought for some time that
lnasmuch az he more than doubled the extent pop-
ulauon and resources OF the Subapine Kingdom. he
might insist upon some conditions of the annexation
But the Neapolitans and Sciians refuse TO listen to
cOunses of the hero They upset his ministry one
by one, aud intrust their future without hesitation
to Count CavOur and his underlngs though thew
know how deeply the session of Nice rankes in the
heart OF their hberator. BeItani Crispi, Mordini.
ard all the Mazzinians who fully possessed the con-
hdence OF the Dictator, had at last to yield to pub
lie opinion; and while King Victor Emanuel and his
army cross the NeapoGtan frontier ia spite of the
unanimous protest Of Spain France, Russia, Pns-
STA and Austria, the people of Naples will on the
2lst vote the unconditional anne xation of Southern
Italy to the Upper Kingdom. IL is true that Ca.
YOUR in his speech on Friday most solemnly declared
that he will allow any more e. ansfer of Italian
soil to France; that nation of twenty one millions
Of inhabitants is strong enough TO resist TO any such
proposition II ii ever could be made; that he consd.
ers Neneta as an lntegrapart of Italy, and Rome a.
the natural capital of the new krngt ON; and that
no trusts that the nearest future will achieve the
complete liberation of Italy, which can be DELAYED
but not prevented by the Courts of Europe By
this straightforward and bold policy, which be
frankly avowed before all Europe, he certainly dis
armed many enmities aud slenced many suspicious.
Thus We see that Garibad himself gives up his hos
hy to the great statesman of Italy, and dsmissing
even CrFp FROM the Ministry accepts the policy
of Cayour, whom he but lately denounced as q
traitor To the Italian cause for his subservency 10
France.
BY the 22d the Pedmontese army will have
effected junction with Garibaldl's volunteers and
before the Conference of Warsaw can come 10 any
practical result, Capua, and probably even Gaets,
viii have fallen. The French have in the mean
time reoccupied Viterbo and Ciyita Castelana, in
the vicinity of Rome, which had risen against the
Pope. But the emigration of the inhabitants made
3 deep impression even on the French army OF
occupation; and the protest Of the population
cannot fail b. act upon public opinion ia France
and all over Europe, in favor of Italy and against
the maintenance of the clerical rule.
The aggressive spirit of the new Kingdom being
openly avowed by IFS King and best statesmen, tho
Austrian Government has greater care than 10
prepare for its defense. SO great was for ono
moment the fear OF Al immediate attack on the