The Emporia news. [volume] (Emporia, Kan.) 1859-1881, 1860-03-17

| Third That the capital States do not
practically distinguish between legitimate
and conststational resistance TO the extension
Eof Slavery in the common Territories of the
.IJniou. and unconstitutional Aggression
against Slavery established BY local laws in
/ the capital States.
The early political parties were organized
without reference to Slavery. Bnt since
| 1890. European questions have left Us prac-
tiealIy. unconeerned. There has been great
| increase of invention, mining. manufacture,
| and cultivation. Steam on land and on wa
ter has quickened commerce. The press
and the telegraph have attained prodisious
activity, and the social intercourse between
the States and their citizens has been i'm
measurably increased; and consequently,
their mutual relations affecting Slavery have
been, for many years, subjects of earnest
and often excited discussion. It is in my
way only to show how such disputes have
operated on the course of political events
not to reopen them for argument here
There was a slave instruction in Virginia.
and Kentucky debated, and, to the great
sorrow of the Free States. rejected the sys-
tenn of voluntary labor. The Colonization
Society was established with much favor in
the capital States. Emancipation Societies
arose in the Free States. South Carolina
instituted proceedings to nulify obnoxious
Federal revenue laws. The capital States
complained of Courts and Legislatures in
the labor States for Interpreting the consti-
tutional provision for the surrender of flu
gitises from service so as 10 treat them as
persons, and not property. and they dis
eliminated against colored persons of the
LII. Il
States. They denied, in Congress. The
right of petition, and embarrassed or denied
freedom of debate on the subject Of Slavery.
Presses, which undertook the defense of the
labor system in the capital States, were sup
pressed by violence, and even in the labor
States. public assemblies, convened to con-
slider 81 very questions, were dispersed by
mobs sympathizing with the capital States.
The Wing party. being generally an op-
position party, practiced some forEearance
toward the interest of labor. The Demo
cratic party. not without demonstrations of
dissent, was generally found sustaining the
policy of capital. A disposition toward
The removal of Slavery from The presence
of the national capitol appeared in the Dis
trct of Columbia. Mr.. Van Buren,. a D M
ocratic President, launched a prospective
veto against the anticipated measures. A
Democratic Congress brought Texas into the
Union, stipulating practically for its future
reorganization into four slave States. Mex
leo was incensed. War ensued The labor
States asked that the Mexican law of librr-
ty, which covered the Territories brought
in by the treaty of peace. might remain
ard be confirmed. The Democratic party
refused. The Missouri drbate of 1929 re-
Cured now. under circumstances of heat
and excitement. in relation to these CON
quests. The defenders of labor took alarm
lest the number of new capital States might
become So great as to enable that class of
States to dictate the whole policy of the
Government: and, in case of constitutional
resistance then to form new slavehoidiny
confederaey around the Gulf of Mexico.-
By this time, he capital States seemed To
have become fixed in determination that
the Federal Government, and even the labor
States, should recognize their slaves, though
outside OF the slave States and Within the
Territories of the United States, as proper
ty of which the master could not be in any
way, or by any authority Invested; and the
l. Dor States, having become now more es-
sentially Democratic than ever before. BY
the greater velopment of free labor. more
firmly than ever insisted on the cnnstitu-
tional doctrine that slaves voluntarily car
ried by their masters into the common Ter
ritores, or into labor States, are persons,
men.
Under the suspicious influences of a Wing
success, California and New Mexico appear
ed before Congress as labor States. The
capital States refused to consent to their ad
mission into the Union; and again threats
of Disunion carried terror and cOnsterna-
ton throughout the land. Another com
promise was made. Specific enactments
admitted California "a labor State. and
remanded New Mexico and Utah to remain
Territories, with the right To choose Free
dom or Slavery when ripenrd into States
while they gave new remedies for the recap
ture of fugitives from service. ami abolished
the open slave market in the District of
Columbia. These new enactmenGS, c,.!latAd
with the existing statues, namely, the Or.
dinances of 1887. the Missouri Prohibitnrv
law af 1922. and the articles of Texas an
nexation. disposed by law of the subject of
Slavery in all the Territories of the United
States. And SD the Compromise of 1851
was pronounced full, final, absolute, and
comprehensive settlement of all existing and
all possible disputes concerning Slavery an
der the Federal authority. The two great
parties, fearful for the Union, struck hands
in making and presenting this as an adjust
ment, never afterward to be opened. dis
turbed,S or even questioned, and the people
acceptedit by majsrities unknown before.
The new President. chosen over an .llustri
Gus rival, unequivocally on the ground "fI
greater ability. even if not more reliable
purpose. to maintain the new treaty invin-
late, made haste to justify thi~ expectation
when Congress assembled. He said II
when the grave shall have closed over all who
are endeavoring to meet the obligations of duty,
the year 1850 win be REQUIRED to as period filled
with anxiety and apprehension. A successful war
had inst terminated peace brnught with ia gTea: