The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1860-10-01

abusing her people, seeking to from her the
her territories purchased with her money conquered
by her blood? Is it protection when missionaries
into her midst to make her slaves dissatisfied when men
aVowedy opposed to her institutions are for that very
reason to Congress and obtain the control of one
branch Of that body and threaten control the other?
II mas been said that the power of the general govern
ment may be necessary keep her slaves in order
Vain pretence! Where will the soldiers come FROM and
if they come who would trust them? It would he n com
NIT the lamb to the protection of the wolf Can you
believe that people who will allow you
ycur slave that has away although the Constitution
gives you that right and binds them by their oath help
you, would come amongst to help us? And if they
were willing to come, could we trust them Then the
United States has in hepresent aspect OF affairs power
TO help u.s. Our property, therefore, depends upon
own power to protect Every knows this and every
Southern State acts upon that knowledge.
The North then does nothing for the South that
pect OF the case But the North is great Workshop You
go into no Northern city but you find the largest
shops and warehouses; and the most active useful and
thriving of their citizens manufacturing trading and
working for Southern market II employs al kinds of
aoo consumes all kinds of materials and all kinds of the
products of the land Who benefits by all this? Does the
South? Why for the protection the of Mas
where the South the most abused the
pays heavy tariff. The tax that she pays upon Amer
can manufacture principally done by those who
abusive OF her and most anxious apparently to njure her
varies from twenty to thirty per cent from one-fh
nearly one-thrd of the value
But what does she produce in the meanwhile and
wha If she were out of the Union would those products
obtain from her. Her productions amount to nearly
$500 000 of which $3.50 600 600 are eXDorted
to other countries and the exports of the country
oniv abSt o nG OFT ~ Of cotton are now
| Union, she could command from every country which
gladly seeks her cotton rice and tobacco, every article
now manufactured at the North, at reduced price,
What would become then of Northern manufactures
and mechanics and merchants?
need not say that people whose exports amounted
to between 5000 600 and $500 OOO whcare con
stany increasing, would be in danger other
part of the world at this day when money gives victory
and the want OF 1t brings defeat and disaster to nations
Men will say that am calculating the value the Union
| No my fellow czens-but disposed l am to look
truth in the face want to put it plainly Others
if they do not see in the light that do they may think
and examine for themselves. l wish for nothing but
truth in politics, as in other affairs of life am not
afraid of speaking, and choose to do it. plainly
would that could make my voice heard in every anti
slavery State so as to convince the people that in
teral point OF view, they are more interested in the
Union than we are-that their interest is deep to
threaten them with serious misfortune, if they
dissolution. But more than that; if could reach them
would convince them that the they most abuse
and hae-I mean the Southern planters and citizens
have been their greatest friends and the greatest friends
of humanity and that the institution which they
complain the institution of slavery has been great
political and moral blessing to them and the whole
world.
believe that great deal Of difficulty at the North
and some of the divisions and dissensions of the South
have arisen from the slavery
ton IN some, and an unwngness in others to proclaim
the truth at the hazard of their political standing
settled You it is sectional question depre
cate sectional agitation. But the North has formed an
aggressive sectional party, full apparently of enthusiasm
which has been getting stronger and stronger which has
overwhelmed at the North the strongest party that this
country mas KNOWN ana sHencea too many of its mem
bers and made them mid and time serving afraid to
proclaim the truth. 1t has overwhelmed the Wing party
and absorbed the Know-Nothing or Union party, and
| shall we not resist
Shall wait and wait, and appeal Constiu-
tion as our bucker and weapon of defence and try
teach and warn our opponents by banding in favor Of
rights and the principles which they depend? Shall
peace peace, when there is peace listen
the Union party who say we will defend YOU we will take
care of you wewill not say-perhapS say-how
but in way must do it and do it? Would this
be the course will not saw of patriots but of menY II
would be the of children No man can expect
people deeply interested are professions
from any body party unless understand their prin
| ri Gnnn ha ChpNrp how IL
the results they promise and what power they have
what they promise. When fail to speak out, have
right to suspect them Truth needs disguise Power
| is understood and felt.
The issue then is the slavery question. 1t is forced
upon matter how or by whom, when. 1t is the
NOW. We cannot disguise this truth from ourselves
Then let it and what it is and what it has
have tried to do heretoorelook the practical operation
of things will look at slavery and its results; and
that part of slavery which has been engaged in the
ducon al cotton has exhibited the most certain statistics
and that production has been the most worldwide in its
consumption, shall principally rely upon it. The to-
bacco and rice which the world have become
important elements of civilization in modern times, and
they make the of Southern productions must
not be ignored They subject in respects to the
criticism.
need not go to the Bible to antiquity in defence of
come down to us have been done by nations in which
slavery existed, and that the most barbarous nations
were exactly those where slavery did not exist All these
views the satisfaction aboltionss and
perhaps to that of Others by saying that political and
social evils must be gradually cured and that in the pro
gress Of humanity relations and rights spring up
which it is immoral and irrelgous to ignore and espe
ciay sinful must that Institution be which crpples the
human intellect retards progress, nterferes with the
rights OF man. and degrades that labor which it is the
duty of the Christian to exalt the nobest occupation
and only true business OF life. shall look, as said,
slavery in exactly that light in which it has been
generally attacked in modern times and deny some dog
mas that have been admitted even by the advocates of
slavery
1t would be vain at this place and to go into his
| peculiar in it, Whether the cupidity of the ma
ons of Europe the kindly feelings of those anxious
TO save the Indian race or the necessity for labor in
fields to which the white would not go, where he
could not would not work. whether all of these
causes began this kind of slavery, none of
1t began, however, just after the western discover
les made, and went hand hand with tn en- and if
the discovery of America and the settlement of
try have done anything for the human race think it
would be rather illogical charge an institution which
participated in this work with any tendency to etard
the progress of humanity with being in any way inu
| rous.
But it is amazing, when look the history OF the
world to find how carefully Providence provides for all
revolutions at the proper time for their happening by
| furnishing mankind with the means of making new
start in the progress of life. And African slavery, in
spite of the objection made to it when introduced into
this country, in spite of the repugnance with which it
it was viewed by men who looked more at the slave
trade than at slavery has just suited the wants OF the
world at time when it was prepared for era, and
could not have advanced without it.
suppose it will hardly be denied that the world has
made progress in the last hundred years than in any
ten centuries before merely in material weathbut
in the and Sciences in intellectual development, the
spread of light gs mankind and the sudden eleva
| ton Of labor to its righful status.
Now the hundred years exactly the period when
African slavery has been at its height when it has been
most serVceabe and most poductive to the And
there had been African slavery at the beginning Of
and during that tme the progress have thus enjoyed
time of the invention of cotton machines ninety years
ago. cotton first cultivated in the United States, and
found that the long staple, the most valuable kind
produced in the world, and of which only samples had
grown elsewhere, weud grow in the Southern States
The cultivation then began with sayelabor. 1t has eX
tended from that beginning until the production of this
immense staple has reached this year 300 900 of
pounds worth at present prices s25S 600 600 In fifty
were 81 900 pounds, whose whole importation was
only III 600 of pounds, being more than onehaf
In 1900 the whole importation of cotton into England,
from all quarters of the world, only Sc 900 600 of
pounds, which fairly take to be at least onehalf
whole production of in the world except
what then manufactured in India and know that
there the manufactures small in amount, and
pensive in price and of course consuming very small
amount of the material Put, then the production of
cotton manufactured in India and produced elsewhere at
900 of pounds and have $50 600 pounds OF
cotton the whole product the world sixty years ago
But in the meantime the production of the long staple
which had begun in this country had given new impetus
to the cotton trade and business in England France and
the Netherlands In England particularly, machine
ry was invented steam power came to supply the place
Of manual labor, the demand for cotton day in
creased with the invention of new machines new bust
ness continued to occupy that country, and complete
revolution took place in all industrial interests and
Such has been the result in England that it is
estimated that the steam power of that country is
equal to GO 900 600 annually than the whole
working population Of Great Britain, Ireland and the
United States if every child and first rate
working hand What part had slavery in this tremend
Gus progress?
have shown that the whole import into England was
in 1900 only $4,000 900 pounds, that in 1920 only
III 600 900 of pounds In 1880 the English imporaton
increased 26l 900 0GO pounds the United
States supplied 1856 900 pounds
her whole importation ten years before and twords
her whole importation that In 1852 the import
ations into England had increased 70 pounds
Of which slave labor furnished 536 COO pounds
| upwards of five seVenths, and more than double thu
whole importatons in 1890 In the year 1853 the who'll
product of the United States was 63l 900 pounds
which Eng land got less than third.
1t is estimated that of the whole of product o
cotton not more and probably not much less than
fifth is manufactured in this country, and taking 2300
OO,O0O of pounds the product of this year. the
portaOn to Europe will be $40 900 900 pounds,
nearly 900 of pounds than the whole product
in 1858.
] have thus noted the cultivation Of cotton in
nexiOn with the manufacture England because that is
the country whose progress in machinery and in the in
dustral arts, in wealth, importance and happiness and
intellectual Development is well known and everywhere
admitted to be intimately connected with, and for
long time almost entirely dependent upon cotton
slave labor of this country But she only third
of produce and the rest went to other nations filled
other channels and life, energy and power to
other portions OF suffering humanity.
1t would not be too much that during the last
hundred years w le this country teaching Europe
lessons in material progress, she the time
furnishing to her and the whole world a production
which set the whole world in motion in all the divers
channels OF trade business arts and sciences In
riod has religion made greater progress. In period
has morality been put upon stable foundation,
and in the meanwhile the human intellect has been
veoped in every branch of business and life to unpar
aeled and wonderful degree Labor has been better
warded and the labOrer comfortably Clad the
dignity of labor has been everywhere acknowledged. 1t
is recorded that in China in the beginning of the sixth
century of era the Emperor 0ust clad in robe