The Burlington weekly hawk-eye. [volume] (Burlington [Iowa]) 1860-1876, 1860-09-22

einn.l nl,afnrlea Granted. for argumcntb sake. |
fssr thas yast extent or land was consolidated
nnre n one great. solid maae, called the North
,1e.sr Ierfitoan why DID itenes lemain ec9-
snliaa tea wiz 1asis cug ub Into di06seas
err;soriea and Stases. since their domestic inter-
go 49,. ~ e.me. their local institutions the
s.,ae their sysfefIp ~ Jsfor the same There
~ N dnilcrAlsy and ~ DIE very cppo-
nv. NJ REPRESENTATION. An these things remain
santSsllv - ,s,i,e. Aud do slsey desire 70 con.
s,lsd. NJ = Ara Il II nscessary 20 make halt "
ek .I.ve a. - n order % keep them asuIsdeFy
iess r,rrr6sleroua. But this example sbowsthat
81 Nv. Eineoln. but judge Dougiss. must hare
ettire3y niec6nceived tlse source from which c'lr
nolisacsl institutions spring III s.4
That sovecs d noekiD9 elss but she instinct q
~ rovernlnest anirnating our people. Why %
A. cut up our States into counties and to~n.
.hins-evsn il States ID which the interests and
ao,nassic afFaire Of the pe0ple aFc cver5whefe
cn;fe nn;foru,e For the. simple reason that the
inas;ncts ,f self4oyernment demands that all the
fanctions 81 sovereignty which the people can
ererc;se ~ di-ece action. ahoula remain y the
h.n,. ~ lie reople. and that I'LL political power
which cannot be- exercised BY that direct action
should lie 60 organized ~ 70 remain az near the
oririn.l source u soyereirnty ~ possible. This
randers necessary such diyieions and local organ
iraticns 10 viii place the direct administration q
The nearest home affairs Immediately into TIE
har,ds or the .neonle, The affairs little more
remOte. IL general are intrusted to The State gov
ernments. subject TO the immediate control Of
he people: while the affairs Of interests still
more remote ii general are pus into the hands OF
tlc Federal government This ramifcaticn, d.
vision and subdivision OF political power II car
ried out no iess where there ii uniformity Ufs
d,mestic affairs and local institutions, than
where there exists variety. II will remain such
i,,et a. long % the people insist upon administer
inp these Affairs by as direct an exercise OF SOW.
errienty "A possible. and no longer To pre- tend
that this ra,nifcstion Of political power into 2
complex graduation offunctions cannot exist nth
out there being variety Of interests and domes-
tic institutions, would be to say that the people
among whom there 10 no such variety cannot be
free; and that is nonsense which the mcresf
schoolboy would be ashamed Of. s5s@ .4s sas.
But suppose, for argument sake, variety Of
interests we're really so great and indispensable
iron md pillar Of our institutions Of selfgov-
ernment-is Judge lDcnxlas unacquainted with
the difference between manufacturing Massachu-
sets and Connecticut and commercial New York
-betwecn mining Pennsylya nia and agricultural
Illinois But that variety does not seem to he
sufficient for the Judge-there is still too much
uniformity in it. lie insists that owhere the doc
trine Of uniformity is proclaimed, all the States
must he free or slaye-that all labor must be
white or black" Our liberties must necessarily
20 by the board, therefore we must hive more
Variety. The variety Of manufacturing and COM
mercial. mining and agricultural products, is sad
IL Insufficient, He insists that there must be a
little variety Of freedom and slavery, Of white
and black labor; and that seems to be his favor
tie mixture; his cardinal, fundamental, sine qua
non variety; ard not only have we no right to
establish uniform free labor BY encruaching up
on the rights OF the States; but quite as gen.
era thing, the extinction Of his favorite rariety,
.swould be neither possible nor desirable" He
declares it to be "a fatal heresy to proclaim that
there can or ought 10 be uniformity among the
| different States Of this Union" 1t would, then
according to the Judge, not be desirable that fres
| labor should prevail everywhere, for that woult
create uniformity, and uniformity is the death q
| freedom. asHb M Hag
Aud nov mark the wonderful muidle Of non
4 sense in the head Of that "grcatest OF living
1 statesmen our liberties rest upon our Fedora
system Of Government; our Federal system Q
| Government rests upon the variety Of institu
/ tons; that variety OF Institutions consists 9
their being Slavery ~ some OF the states:
Slavery disappeared, that variety would disap
pear; II that variety disappear, our Federal sys
! ten OF Government would disappear; y on
Federal tystem OF Government disappeared, IN
safeguards OF our liberties would be destroys
II consequently, It Slavery disappears, lbert
II disappears also. n, /.
i Again, IT all the States were free there woul
be uniformity: but uniformity in local and dc
nestle affairs would be destructive of persons
lberty-that uniformity is prevented by the e,
istence Of Slavery, consequently the existenc
4 Of Slavery prevents the destruction Of liberty
or liberty cannot be preserved but by the PR
servatlon Of Slavery.
4 What benefactors Of our humanity were thos
who introduced Slavery into this land for the
furnished the material out Of which the necess.
| ry vaiiety was made, without which our libert
cannot exist. IF they had not doIe so, the
/ all the States would be free there would be I'm
| for,nity, and we would all be slaves What no,
sense to abolish the slave trade The nor
slaves. the more variety more variety. ii
more freedom.
1 How We must pity the unfortunate nations IN;
4 have 10 slavery among them for thav have 4
i variety Of institutions, and having no variety
\ institutions they can have no libertr poor II,
4 NE that have no slaves among them they III
/ never b. free. '' M
i Itis little surnr;sino however hat M, ,ra,
and luminous doctrine of "ray;a, should IA,
i been "a little known about the time when 3,
i Government VA orrs,,ized and The Constitut;r
i framed There were iva ;nd;yidua,s l;y;nc NM
who eninSpd tffln fatio fnr ~ fa
i n ,nshin me III whom said n trust ~ III,
have 4 Contederacy of Free states, ana ii
other said Nothing i more certainly write
II M l,nok ~ Fate th,n th.t ,hose naonn
(ncaninr the slayeA are 10 be freen And Nh,
were called statesmen, What All mmen,
progress we have made in these seventy wears
They would be called simpletons or traitors noy
for ihey either knew nothing Of the Great a.
trine Of "rariety (which was very foolish-o
if they knew IT, they plotted the destruction
popular freedom bv advocating uniformity
which certainly was very reasonable. By II
way. the name Of one was George Wasbinrto
, and the name Of the other Thomas Jefferson
| You will be obliged to confess that YOU wei
very much mistaken in those two men What
pity Judge Douglas did not live in those days
How ne would have knocked his great doctrIr
OF rarsety about their ears How PC would ha'
{ taught washington what the deha,tion OF 9,
Federal system 10 HOW ne Woliu nave to
JEFFERSON what the great safeguards of iiber'
are
, but aias. snen statesmen are sometimes Dol
~. ohiy ou1 % season guy also ou' y place.
J wna' Ply ~. Suus -, nou p,, uoes no' nse
!.