, 1860-09-06

suddenly before III whenever We proposed to
consider in good earnest, the subject Of Fed.
eEal slavery. =.
We love, and we ought to lore tie fellowship
therefore. has It been to make tho concessions
10 necessary to silence their complaints, rather
than hy seeming impracticibility in what was
thought q matter o! indifference, to lose such
genial coupanionship. Again. at least. present
-pcaea and sAfesy, together with some partial
guarantees and coccess!ons o. 1feeoom' were
misses. Who had the right, or who the pre-
sumption, to say With The certainty Of being
held respousible for casting lmputAtions OF bad
faith upan our southern brethren, that these
compromises would, when their interests should
demand it, be A.sasowed and bFoken?
0ther nations, We have assumed, are Jealous
of our growing greatness. They have ceusured
us, perhsps with unjust asperity, for onr apes
tacy in fAvor.rf slavery. How natural and
eEen patriotic has it been on our part to uaut.
fest By persistence, our contempt and tsfauco
Of euch interested and hostile administrations.
Besides, though slavery is indeed now practic-
ally local and peculiar INSTITUTION OF the SOUTH
it was not long ago the habit and practice Of
The Whole American people. 1t is only twenty
fiyo years ,iuee our British brethren aholished
slavery in their colonies, and only alf centu-
n since ~ OF any European nation iuterdicted
The African slave trade. Scarcely three genera
t.ons hare passed away. since the subject Of the
wrouHtulness Of slavery nfst engaged the con-
si3eratiou of ma:kipd.
You and ind ed understand now very well
how i. is that slavery in the Territories Of the
U1ited States ia Left open BY the Constitution
to CUR utmost p acetul opposition, Whfla withia
the slaye States it is intrenched behind local
constitutions bey ond the reach Of extsrnal Leg
isla'1on. But the subject Ii u complex one, and
the great masses Of tre people to whom it has
only been recently presented, and dountlessy
of1ea presented under favorable circumstances.
might well desire time for its careful and delb-
er.te examination.
II seems bold suggestion to say, thstn great
nntton ought to reconsider q practice OF ter,r
years. duration; but festy years Of 3 nations
lite, are equi"aient to only one year in the life
Of an individual The thought IS at least con-
siatcnt with political philosophy, for 1t is 20.
more that personal persiAtence in error leads
lnev,tab 10 rui' than it is that eTery ration
exists by obedience to The same moral laws
which dir Ct indlsidaai life, that they are writ.
tinual!S reform itself according to the spirit Of
those laws, or perish.
WHAT He ADVISES.
Ny humble advice, t'oen, fellow citizens, in,
that We return and re- establish 'he original pol
Icy ofthe nation, and heEcefo: III holt, as We did
in sEe beginning, that siaEery is and must be
in u:tiiutlon, confined within the slare States
where it already exisig, while freedomi is the
general, normal, enduring aud permanent con-
o,tiau Of society within-the juri. .dlction, and
Mcdcr the authority, Of The Constitution Of the
United Stats.
council thus for simple rea,on, incapable
Of illumination. Slavery, however 1t may bs at
any tine or in any placs excused, ID at all times
acd everywhere ut iust and inhuman in lts very
nature; while freedom, howesorlt may be q: any
time Ut in any place neglected, denied or
abused, il in its nature right, just aad benefi-
cent 1t c0n neyef, uncer any circu1c s4ances
be Wise to persevere voluntarily in extending
or f,rtifyipg an institution that is intrin1ica II
wrong OF cruel. 1t can never be unwis1 uhere-
ever it is possible, to defend and fortify au ex.
listing institution That is funded on the rights
OF Human Nature Insomuch ID opinions are
81 materially and Jet 50 unconSciously sffected
nnd modified by time, place md circumstances,
we may hold these great Truths firmly, without
impeacnin9 the convictions or the motives Of
thnse who dsny them in argument or in pFac.
tice.
counsel thus for another reason quite as
simple as the first knowledge, emulation and
independence among tie members Gf social
state the ch1et elements Of national wealth,
strength and power. Ignorance Incidence and
bondage Of na,viduals are always sources Of
national imbscsl't7 and decline. All nations in
their turns have pracsiced slavery. Most Of
Them have ahclisbed it. The world orcr the
wea1lhlest and most powerful nations hare h.en
those which tolerated it least, and which EARL.
est and most completely abolished it. Virginia
and Texaa are thrown into q panic even now
by the appearance or eren the suspicion Of a
handful oi men within their borders 1nstisat-
ing C. sil war. Massachusetts and Vermont Ge.
fled British invasion, backed BY t:cusGn, eighty
years ago,
The Artisan trade, in prisoners Of war spared
from slaughter, alfoed M alternative. Toe
chiefs sold ten men, women or children for q
single horse. The corquerors Of America
brought this unnatural merchandise to our
coasts. When .ae English colonists Of North
America, happily in only very Ii nited degree,
borrowed trom their predecessors this bad prac-
tice of slavery, they borrowed also its wreiched
apology, want of IN adequate supply Of tres
| labor. 1t WAS then thought an exereue Of
Christian beueyolence to rescue the African
heataen from eternal suffering in a future
state, and through the painful path Of earthly
houdage to open 10 him the gates Of the celes-
tial paradise But eli 'rts is new chauRed. We
are at luas> no fee6ie oF bickiy colonies, hut 4
| great, ropulouF, homogeneous nation, unsur-
passed. ard unequal;ed in all the e!ements Of
colonization aud civilization. Free LABOR here
| consinu1'ly INCREASES ard abounds, and ia fast
verkinK toward European standards OF value.
! There Is not 0ne acre too much N our broad do
| maia for the supply vt even three generations
Of cur tree population, with thsir certain il,
crease. 1mmiK1 alton from Europe is crowdiug
cur own sous into the western region, aud this
uayemsntis is daily augmented By the application
Of new machines Tor diminishing mechanical
and even agricultural labor. At this very mo-
| ment, Congress, aftsr long and obstinate re-
uctaSce, finds itself obliged to yield home.
stead law to relieve the pressure OF labor in the
atlantic States. Certusn1y, therefore, We have
no iced and no room Tor African siaves in the
l t'nA. IT, nA las
mUre sugar and more cotton, and therefore q
| must hare mere sluTes aud more slave Labor. l
answer, first, that no class or race Of men have
right to demand su1ar, cotton. or any ether
oomsort Of human lite to be wrung fer them,
through the action Of the Federal Government,
fron the unrewarded sud compulsory labor oi
| aoY other elias. or race Of men,
| answer, secondly, that We have sugar and
cation enough already 1ot domestic consump,
lion, and a surplus of the latter for expectation
without any increase Of s'ave territory. Doyou
say that Europe wants more sugar and cotton
thaa We can now supply1 L=t, then, Europe
send her free labcreEs hither, or into italy, OF
suit them better, LIT them engage the natives oi
cotton growing regions in the old world, to pro.
duce cotton and sugar voluntarily and for ade
| quite compensation. Such q courae, instead oi
toE.i ying and enlarging the sway Of slavery
here, vii leave us free 10 iavor its gradual re-
moval. 1t will renew or introduce civilization
| on the 81ores Of the Mediterranean, a.d
throughout the c,asts Of the Indian ocean
Christianity, more fully developed and better
understood now than heretofore, tnrns viii
disgust aud horror from The employment o.
,0fce and piracy as q necessary agency Of the
Gospel
Thirdly, there is no necessity uow to fortlfy
or extend slavery within the uaired Sites ol
on the American continent. All the suppoaed
necessities Of that sort erer before known have
passed away forever. Let Us briefly review
them With the discovery and conquest o
America confessedy came responsibility t.
reclaim it from nature and TO introduce civlliza
tion. Unfortunately Spain and Portugal, tht
dihcavere,B and corq1eroFs, we're, Of all tht
European States in the sixteenth century, tn.
workt qua1lted and least a3te to colonize- They
wero neiihtr populoas, nor industrious, mol
tree; bat were natiors Of princes aud subjects
OF soldiers, naTigators. nobles, priests, poet
and scholars, without merchants, mechanics
farmers. or laborers- The art Of navigator
new world that the Pope had divided between
his two most loyal cEown.wearing children wa
in its natural ssa'e pestilen,iaI- European emi
grafton was therefore inpracticab!e. In thl
emergency, the coIquero's, with rnfIian rio
lence, swept tf at ouce the gold and silver OF
naments which they found il the temples ane
on persons Of the natives ignorant Of the En-
ropeau vatues, and subjagafed AID enslare,
the uati.es themselves But these simpl
children of the forest. l+e the wild flower
from tae hurricane sweeps over The prai
ries pc ished under cruelties 80 contraryI t.
| nature.
| Four;h'y, All the subtle erasions and p1susi
bic p ,lt;c i theories which have heretofore bee1
brcu lhs into the argument for an extension O
slavery, hare at last been found falIac:ous an'
frisolous.
1:isuaa.alling now to ssy that this govern
msnt WAS made By end for white men only
since even slaves owed allegiance to Great Brit
ain before the Revolution equally with whit
men. and we're equally abaolsed from it BY tn