East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1860-12-06

Tho President then enmnerates the
powers conferred on Congress by the
Federal govcnment, and, "That these
powers may bo eilectual, il also possesses
the exclusive right to levey and collect
all import duties and other taxes, and
has adopted eaectual measures 10 restrain
The States from interfering. In order,
stilh further to secure the uninterrupted
exercise OF these high powers against
State interposition, it is provided that this
constitution, aud the laws of the United
States which shall be made in-pursuancc'
thereof, and all treaties made or which
shall be made under the authority OF tho'
United States, shall be the supreme law
of the land, and the Judges in every
State shall be bound thereby, anything
in the constitution or laws of any shtei
or Territory Notwithstanding. The gov
eminent, created by the constitution, aud
deriving its authority from the'sovereign
people of each of the several States, has
precisely the same right to exercise its
power over the people OF all these States
in the enumerated cases that each one Of
them possesses over subjects not dele
gated to the Uuited States, but reserved
to the States respectively, or to the peo-
pie. TO the extent OF the delegated
powers the constitution OF the United
States is as much part of the constitu-
ton of each State, and is as binding on
the people, as thought had been textu-
ally inserted therein. This government,
therefore, is great aud powerful gov
eminent, invested with all the attributes
of sovereignty over the special subjects to
which its authority extends, 1t may be
asked, then are the people of the States
without redress against the tyranny and
oppression of the Federal government?
BY no means. The right of resistance
on the part of the governed against the
oppression of their governments cannot
be denied. 1t exists independently of all
constitutions and has been exercised at
all periods of the worlds history. But
the distinction must ever be observed,
that this is revolution against an estab-
lishod government, and not a voluntary
secession from it by virtue of an inherent
constitutional right. In short,--let us
look the danger firmly in the face,-se
cession is neither moro nor less than row.
olution, but still it is a revolution
What, in the meantime, is the response
bility and true position of the Executive?
He is bound to take care that the laws be
faithfully executed, and from this obli-
CATION he cannot be absolved by any
human power. But what if the perform.
ance Of this duty, in whole orin part, has
been rendered impracticable by events
over which he could have exercised no
control? Such at the present moment is
the case throughout the State of South
Carolina, SO far as the laws Of the United
States to secure the administration OF
Justice by means Of the Federal Judiciary
are concerned. All the Federal officers
within its limits, through whose agency
alone these laws can be carried into exc.
cution, have already resigned. We no
longer have District Judge, District
Attorney, or Marshal in South Caro-
lima In fact, the whole machinery o.
the Federal government, necessary fol-
the distribution of remedial justice among
the people, has been demolished, and i,
would &c difficult, if not impossible, tc
replaceAit The only acts Of Congress
on the statute book bearing on this sub
| iect are those of the 2Sth of February
1895, and the Sd of March, 1907. Thcsc
authorize the President, after he shall
have ascertained that the Marshal, will
posse com1tatus, is unable to execute civi
or criminal process in any particular cas-
to call forth the militia, and employ tn,
army and navy, to aid him in performing
this service, having first, by proclamation
commanded the insurgents to dispers
and retire peaceably to their respcctiv,
abodes within limited time. This dut,
cannot, by any possibility, be performc'
in State where no Judicial authorit.
exists to issue process, and where Their
is no Marshal to execute it, and where
even it there were such an officer, tn
entire population would constitute on
solid combination to resist him. Con
gress alone have power to decide wheth
or the present laws can or cannot b
amended so as to carry out moro, encctu
ally the objects of the constitution. I'll
revenue still continues to be collccte
as heretofore at the Custom House a
Charleston, and, should the Collector IN
fortunately resign, a successor may b,
appointed to perform this duty. 1t
: not believed that any attempt will b
made to expel the United States from il
property there by force, but if, in this,
Should prove to be mistaken, the officer
in command Of the forts have receive
orders to act strictly on the defensive
In such contingency the responsible
ties for consequences would rightfull
rest upon the heads Of the assilants, :
In reference to recognizing a seeding
State as an independent government b
the President, he says: at would be
marked act of usurpation on his part, am
il is his duty to submit to Congress tn
whole question in ali its bearings. Til
probability of an emergency soon arisinl
when Congress will be called on to dc
eide the question whether it possesse
power to compel a State to remain in tn
Union authorizes him to express TIL
opinion that no such power has bee
delegated to Congress or any other dc
nortmont Of the Fe1ora, Government