The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1860-07-20
The Republican Party---Its OH
gin, Necessity g. PerInanence.
speech ny Charles sumner, be-
fore the Young MEMS Republican
Tnson ef New York. IA Ghe Cooper
Institute, July H. 1860.

/ threnged the great hail OF the Cooper instl-
! tute. Despite the entrance fee, very proper
| iy charged TO cover the expenses of the occa-
| sion. such an asseniblage WAS present as has
rarely been equaled for numbers, intelli-
! genoe and enthusiasm. at political meet
ing in the City of New York. The platform
was filed, the seats were filled, the Hobbies
were packed to overlooking.
| When MIR. Sumner made his entrance, the
/ applause was deafening. All present rose
| to their feet, giving cheer after cheer la
dies waved their handkerohiefs, and seemed
| as excited as the rest.
| MIR. Sumner said:
FELLOW. CITIZENS or Nav YoBK: OF oil men
| in our history, there are two whose influence
at this moment is most peculiar. Though
dead, they yet live, speak and act In the con-
| fict of principles which divides the country
standing face to face like two well-matoh
ed champions. When add that one was
from South Carolina and the other from
| Massachusetts,, you will see at once that
mean John G. Calhoun and John Quincy Ad-
ans.
| Statesmen both of long career, of marked
ability, and Of unblemished integrity-act-
| ing together at frst-sitting in the same
| Cabinet--whch they quitted-one to be.
come Vice President, and the other Presl-
dent, then for the remainder Of their DAYS
battling 10 Congress and dying there-each
was leader in life, but each has become IN
death grand leader still.
MIR. Calhoun possessed an intellect of much
| originality and boldness, and, though want
/ ing in the culture of scholar, made himself
| felt in council and in debate To native
powers unlike, but not inferior, Mr.. Adams
added the well ripened fruits of long exE O.
rience in foreign lands, and Of studies more
various and complete than those of any pub
/ lie man in our history, besides an indomita-
| BILE will, and that spirit of freedom which
| inspired his father when in the Continental
| Congress he so eloquently maintained the
/ Declaration of Independence, making him
| self its " colossus" on that floor.
Sitting together in the Cabiaet OF MIR.
/ Monroe. they concurred in sanctoning the
Prohibition of Slavery in the Missouri Terri.
tory as constitutional, and so advised the
President. But here the divergence rroba-
bly, began though for a long time it was
not made manifest. The Diary of MIR. Ad
ans shows that at that early day, when Slav-
ery had been little discussed, he saw it's
enormity with instructive quickness, and
described it with corresponding force. The
record is less full with regard to Mr. Gal.
one in the Senate, and the other in the House
Of Representatives, each openly assumed the
position By which he will be known in his
tory-one as the leader in all the pretensions
of Slavery and of slave masters, and the 9TH
er as the champion of Freedom.
Mr.. Calhoun regarded Slavery as perma-
nent institution Mr.. Adams regarded it as
transitory. Mr.. Calhoun Wanted it as a
form of civilization; Mr.. Adams scnrned il
as an unquestionabie barbarism. Mr.. Cal
houn did not hesitate TO call it the most sta
BILE basis for free government MIR. Adams
vehemcntly denounced II as a curse, full Of
weakness and mockery, and doubly offensive
in boastful Republic. Mr.. Calhoun, not
content with thus exalting Slavery, pro-
ceeded 10 denounce the early opinions OF
Washington and Jefferson as " folly and de-
luson,n 10 assail the lf-evident truths Of
the Declaration Of Independence as " alb
surd,' and then 10 proclaim that human be-
ngs are property under the Constitution,
and as such, may be transported into the
Territories and there held IN slavery; while
MIR. Adams added to the glory OF his long
and diversified career, by persistent efforts,
which are better for his fame than having
been PresideDt-upholding the great rights
Of petition and of speech vlndicating the
self. evident truths of the Declaration Of la
dependence exposing the hateful character
OF Slavery, insisting upon its prohibition 10
the Territories denying the asserted prop
erty in man and especially and often exhib
itng the unjust power in the National Gov
eminent, asnrped by what be called "the
little cluster of slave masters, whose yoke
was TO him intolerable.
Such, most briefly told, were the antago.
mist opinions Of those two chiefs. Never
was great conflict destined TO involve a great
country more distinctly foreshadowed. All
that the Republican party now opposes may
be found IN John. q. Calhoun. All that the
Republican party now maintains may BIO
found IN JOHN Quincy Adams. Choose We,
fellow citizens, between the two. The rule
OF Principles, and not men, ia hardly
applicable 10 man whose life now bears the
sacred seal OF death, and whose name Is the
SYNONYM OF principle; yet do not hesitate
10 say that our cause is best appreciated in
its precise objects and aims. Proud as we
may be 10 tread where John Quincy Adams
leads the way, there is guide of more com
nanding authority found in the eternal laws
| OF Right, and the concurring mandates of the
Constitution itself, when properly interpre
ted, which teaches the duties OF a good cti-
zen. Such is the guide of the Republican
party, which, say fearlessly, where most
known, will be most trusted, and which,
when understood in it's origin, will ba seen
to be no accidental or fugitive organization,
merely for m election, but an irresistible ne
cessity, which in the nature Of things, must
be as permanent as the pretensions, moral
and political, which il seeks to constran and
oGunteract.
Let US dwell, then, on the Republican
party, It's origin, It's necessity, and its perm
! anenee.
All must admit that If no Republican par
~ existed now-~even II that halcyon day so
often promised by Cabling politicians had
come, when the Slavery question was set
tied still there would be political necessi
ty for great party of Opposition to act as
check on the Administration. kindred