The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-03-01

Secretary Of the Navy inform tho Senate ~ 70 the num-
Der Of marine hospitals the number Of patients, and the
expenses since 1854. Adopted.
PASSAGE The INVALID PEsmoN BILL
The Invalid Pension bill was reported and psssed.
l4# me MILITARY AcADD6Y HILL
NJ GwN, (dem Of CAL, reported the Military Aca-
denny bill without amsndment, and Il was laid aside
FREEDOM OF THE MAIL
Mr. Doo1nr1z (rep) OF Wis, presented petition that
the Post Once Department be made free.
COLLECTION THE RxvEsuR ~
Mr. TxuDu1I, (rep.) Of ILL., offered resolution that the
Secretary Of the Treasury communicate statement of tho
from each collection district from 1854 to 1852
STEAM MAIL COMMUNICATION WITH CUBA.
Nr. wnsos, (rep.) Of Mass, presented memorial Of
the merchants and underwriters Of Boston for
mail twice month between Charleston and Key West
and Cuba-
THE BuL FOR The ADMISSION OF KANSAS
Mr.. SEWARD, (ep) Of N Y. moved tha. the bill for
the admission OF Kansas be put it, second reading
R TROUBLES ON THE RIO sRANpE.
BY consent, Mr. Mason. (dem.) Of Va, offered reso
luton that the President communicate every communca
ton received from the Governor Of Texas relative dis
turbances on the Rio Grande Adopted.
sDmeH Mr.. sEwARD ON THE ApfAIRs on TIE NATION.
Nr. SEWARD presented the memorial Of the Legislature
Of Kansas praying for admission into the Union. Mr.
Seward then spoke az follows:-
Mr. PREaDKSr-The admission OF Kansas into the Union,
without further delay, seems 70 me equally necessary,
pated the arguments for this conclusion In coming for
ward among the political asrologers, shall be an error
the feveriah dreams which are disturbing the country
shall tend to fomen rather than to aay the national ex
element shall say nothing ~! q persons
depend chiefly institutions, and very little on men.
shsl aude but briefly 10 incidental topics because they
70 passion and prejudice, 10 always safe 70 submit solid
truth TO the deliberate consideration honest and
shame as wen as Of sorrow We, thirty milhons-Euro
peans by extraction Americans by birth discipline,
and Christians In faith and meaning g be such in practice
conduct concerning the one disturbing subject OF slavery
not only 70 preserve unequaled institutions Of
ment and harmony wherever . guitkss slave exists,
be be Caucasian, American, Malay or African, he the
subject Of ~ sxo distinct & ana % that he IS
Of numbers on either side, however great never
petsly extngushes this difference OF opinion for there
there inside free State while also there a.
Ways outside there are not inside Of every slave
knows aught can be 20 stupid q to deny that all men
naturally were born free, being the image and resem
,s S:ncs Of God SG and .sss y pr privilege above all
perhaps generally happens however, that in considering
the subject Of slavery, society seems 70 overlook
Ct M the vs,
Of the citizen But this fact does not materially
affect ultimate results, for the elementary quss::
slavery nheres In every form that discussion
ing assumes What s just 70 class Of men
DO injurious 10 any other and what unjust any
don Of persons in state, n necessarily Injurious in
some degree to the whole community Ane economical
question early arises out Of The subject Of saveryhbor
society. Some States choose the kind some the
other Hence two municipal systems widely different
sueh the personality Of the laborer only member
Of the political body, but also parent husband, child
merely property without moral capacity and without
domestic, moral, and social relations duties, rights and
Iemedes~a Sha,ts TEL an % object Of bargain sale, I
and his wrongs atoned, not TO himself but 70 his
owner. The State protects mot the slave a. man. but
the other hand the State which rejects slavery
courages and animaaes and nvgorates the aborer BY
ali the rights and faculties Of manhood and generally
with the privileges Of citizenship. In the capital
invested In ssves becomes great political force while in
the other labor thus elevated and enranchsed becomes
the dominating political power. II thus happens that we
may, for convenience sake, and not inaccuratey call
slave States capital States and free States labor States
So soon as State feels the impulses Of en-
terprse ambition, It's citizens begin TO study the effects
Of these systems Of capital and labor respectively on It's
intelligence It's virtue, s tranquility s integrity unity,
lis defence, its prosperity it's liberty, It's happiness, It's
gandzement and iis fame In other words, the great
question arises, whether slavery moral social and po
licai good or moral social and political evi9 This is
the slavery question at home. But there mutual bond
amity and brotherhood between man and man through
TENS Of each other and Of all preceding timee, and &C
cordngy S they approve or dsapprove, OF the two sys
and prosecute, or condemn and prohibit commerce in
men, Thus in way or In another, the slavery ques
ton Which 50 many among u.s. who are more ~ Sng 70
think merely accidental or unnecessary question that
might and ought to be settled and dismissed at once, s
the contrary world wide aud enduring subject Of
| political consideration and civil administration. Men,
States and nations entertain it, not voluntarily but bo
cause progress Of society continually brings
II.
cause, Owing to differences Of constitution condition
circumatance hey cannot agree Inc fathers OF the
might have given much lees than present dsqniet
had not circumstances afterward occurred which they
wise as they were, had not clearly foreseen. Although
they had inherited, yet they. generally condemned the
practice Of slavery and hoped for its disconnuancc They
Independence as fundamental principle OF American
society that all men created equal ana have naena
bic rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit Of happiness
Each State, however, reserved TO itself exclusive political
power the subject of slavery within borders.
Nevertheless unsvoidaby presented itself their con-
situations q bond Of federal Union The govern
ment was to be representative one Slaves were capi.
ta in States in others capital had investments
labor Should those slaves be represented as capital or
~ persons taxed as capital or persons should they not
be represented or taxed at all? The fathers disagreed
debated long, and compromised at last Each State they
bs Of the slaves shall be elsewhere represented and be
taxed as What should be done the slave should
escape into labor Slater Should that State confess him
be chstte and restore him a. such might 1t regard
him ~ person and harbor and protect him man2
They compromised again. and decided that person held
to labor service in one State By the laws thereof
escaping into another. shall by any law regula-
ton Of that State, be discharged from such labor
or service, but shall be delivered up claim TO the
person TO whom such labor or service shall DO d3e
Free hborers would immigrate, and slaves might be
imported into the States Tho fathers agreed that Con-
gress may establish uniform laws Of naturalization, and II
might prohibit the Importation OF persons after lsoS
Communities in the detached from the South
States, growing mp In The practice Of savery
DO capital States New States would grow up IN the
Northwest, while yet capital s.ood aioof and labor
had not ed the axe TO begin there It's endless put ben
cent task. The fathers authorized Congress mako all
needul rules and regulations ng the management
and disposition or The public lands, and to admit new
States So the constitution, while docs not disturb
under is own laws does, at the time, recognize
every human being when within any exclusive sphere Of
federal jurisdiction not capital Q pcrson What
was the action H the fathers In CongreesS They ad-
miteo the ncw States Of the Southwest ~ capital
States, because was practically impossible 70 do
l7RQ they rroY1ded for the ofrnuixAtton ana adnis