The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1860-10-02
What Shall be Done with the Negroes .

This is question constantly pressing
itself upon US, and demanding solution.
Senator DooLIrrLE, Of Wisconsin, thus
discussed it in recent speech at Mad,
son, at the time of Senator SEwARD's re-
ception
In conclusion, fellow citizens, the ques-
ton of race-the negro question-lies
deeper than the question OF slavery.
When you answer the first, you can
solve the last
1t is the mission OF the Republican
party to do both. The first step in that
direction is to prevent the entrance OF
slavery into the Territories and the
second to grant the public lands in small
farms, TO actual settlers only, TO become
the homesteads of free white men forey-
er. These two measures will come with
our triumph, and, of themselves, prevent
the growth of any new slave States, and
prevent, also, the Airicanization of any
more of our national domain.
But then comes the question, which
underhes all, and causes, and is, itself,
the essence OF the irrepressible con
flict"-a question which demands aud
will have an answer, viz What is TO be
the ultimate destiny OF the African race
on this continent And what powers
belong to, and what duties devolye upon,
The Federal Government, under the con
stituton. in relation to that question
Mr.. Douglas has said that this negro
question is none OF our business. But is
il not our business There are five mil
lions of them now they are fast lncreas-
ing IN some states far outnumbering
the whites already. II they escape from
slavery, the Constitution binds us 10
put them down with ball and bayonet.
The truth is, and we may as well open
our eyes TO the fact, the strong arm OF
the Federal government may be invoked
to hold them for their masters 10 work
them. Ii is our business, therefore, first
Of all, TO prevent such diseased state OF
things from invading the new territories
out Of which states are to be formed, and
il is also our duty, so far as we may,
without invading the reserved rights of
the States, TO take measures looking to-
wards the solution OF the whole negro
question, including that Of race as well
as condition
There are but three possible solutions,
one Of John c. Calhoun, one of John
Brown, and that of Jefferson.
Calhoun boldly trampling under his
feet the opinions of the great men of the
Revolution, and of the whole Christian
world. declared slavery to be !" the most
safe and stable basis for free institutions
in the world :" that the subsection ofthe
African 10 the Caucasian in state OF
slavery is blessing TO both races, a con
dition TO be lostered and encouraged to
remain forever where it now is, and to
demand, and if necessary, 10 seize upon,
new territories for its expansion. This
is the solution OF southern fanaticism
The second is that which looks TO the
immediate and unconditional emancipa-
ton of the whole negro race, by violence,
IT necessary, TO remain forever upon a
footing OF equality with the white race
on the same soil This may be called the
John Brown solution.
The third, and, in my judgment the
only wise, practical and humane solution,
looks to the gradual emancipation OF the
subject race, and at the same time to a
gradual and peaceful separation of the
races for the highest good of both. This
is the solution of the really and truly
great author of the Declaration of Inde
pendence, and founder of the Republi
can party. Thomas Jefferson Let him
speak for himself:
" Nothing Is more certainly erifen in The bool
of fate, THAN THAT THESE PFoPLH ARE TO 81
FREE nor Is less certain that The tleo races. oqual
IN free. cannot tire in The same Government. Nn
turc, habit, and opinion, have drawn indeGhl,
lines Of distinction betw cen them Ii is still il
our power to direct the process of emaneinatioi
and deportation peae,ably, and in such slow dc
gree as that the evil viii wear off iuscnsibly
and their places be- pari passu, fiied up ,eith fre
,chite iabortrs IL on the contrary. 1t Is LETT /,
force itself on, human nature must shudder q
the prospects, held mp"