The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-02-10

10 be strong opponents Of every tending to
edan9 he monopoly so long enjoyed ty i've proiet.eniss
b. hagne has persisted In his opposition TO the last NJ
Blsult has been Lluch less vehemsnt but though his
hostility not so ayoxed It's presnn,ed that will not
be the less marked that il is concealed Tue Emperor
himself appears decided carrying out the reforms in
dcAicd his letter OF the 5h but the presence in the go
vernmens Of two such Jealous and, | MAKE no doubt,
nouies In his way. How, indeed, can DC reasonably
expected that III. Magne will promote the economical
views which he has energeticaly combated all his les
Or how can NJ Blault instruct the projects OF depart
the best mode OF conntcractng the manDuvres
which even now SOW disquetade among the operative s
classes who told that their industry on the point OF
ceasng and that they have nothing to look TO Tor the
future but pubic charity
promote the execution Of the system nauguraed In
France. Tho Director General Of Customs is under his
immediate orders and probably will not risk his place
by refusing TO the Minister the peTation Of his deyo
ton and his convictions Indeed 1t is affirmed that the
extreme resistance Of the prohbonss Is encouraged by
several Of the superior functonaies In the Finance De-
partment, who do conceal their opinion that the EN-
peror has exceeded the powo which the constitution
gives him, and that the country will DO brought 70 ruin
One can hardly hope that n. Baut, clever a. he ~
will find arguments TO enlighten the public mind, per
veIted for the last fty year: BY prchioons writings
ieve that protection accorded merely to private interests
protection national industry People have remark
ed the codnees Of the greater part Of the French jour
to the maintenance Of an exaggerated protective system
No patriotic impulse no sign Of liberal policy, given
his power. The general good has been long sac
rhced 70 private interest," and the most remarkable
act Of political wisdom and Of sympathy for the people
the empire left unexplained, " not msrepresented,
by the generality Of funct,onaries, and by high
good viii OF the Emperor Yet even these exalted per-
eonsges cannot but feel that the policy Will, whom
% OF svs % viii
the agricultural and urban populations al era OF prosper
y which before long viii be proved by the official returns
TIE COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH ENGLAND AND THE
DUTY or COAL.
The treaty OF Commerce between England and France
was, in all probability, signed at four O'Clock this day
(Jan ~ Up to last night no point remained unsettled
perfect accord existed and there was believe, nothing
left but TO make out fair copies, which presume was
cone this morning. was intended thai the egnng
SO take
which, close inspection, was thought To DO slightly
obscure. hear good authority that the English 60
mapner in the negotiations and In the provisions of the
treaty ITSELF and that has frankly carried out the prin
ciples of free trade which IL PROCESSES.
Though cannot give with accuracy the details of this
important ment, yet think il right to rectfy some
committed by those who profess to know them
For instance the Paris papers OF last night and this morn
ing have the following paragraph purpotng to be the
summary Of article which appeared yesterday in ore
Of your weekly contemporaries 1t Is to this elect
England snd Frsnce constitutes complete Of the
ag OF the two nations in their maritime relations direct or IN
that BY the treaty Enssh shio. e1emp. from
one esse ,rees snssh coal from ali export duty teay
is % produce rev ision English french tariffs and
H ss Sss oanassd asssriss A VIC u
assured that the foregoing is incorrect With re.
the duties coal it not true that call duty
will be abolished Coal Will be merely relieved from the
differ n,ia DUTY, su,ta1e imposed it, and will be
placed the footing as coal imported from other
countries. bal"
THE ENTENTE CoRDlALE OF COMMERCE.
From the London Times, jan. "a
The Treaty Of Commerce was signed at Paris yesterday,
and however lame and hating may be her first steps,
may yet congratulate France on having at last entered
the course which leads 70 free trade The people which
may Justly claim 10 be the most logical in Europe have
during forty years been distinguished the most
and nconsequcnal Of In all matters OF trade
and finance. With governments much more powerful
than ous with theorists and docnaires for statesmen,
with professors and essay writer's well received 1t Court
and exerng small influence upon society tho ruling
powers in France have yet dared 10 accept the
principles which have been discovered and put in prac-
tee in England. Nor have the people during the
ciN lberaiy. The Press and the opposition in
Louis Philppes days were sufficiently active and
critical, not to cay vruent Every fault Of the
Orleans dynasty, and the system identified with It,
was spied out and denounced in unmeasured terms
but the complaints Of the disoontented never took
the Of free trade agitation The speeches OF the
Philippe denounced for trucking to England, for
corrupng the French electoral body, for looking only ID
family aggrandzement in all bis international dealings
but, 60 far as remember, attacked biz
government the ground that the stanch partisan
Of the iron moneposts the beet growers
claimed for France share In those mighty benefits
which England was about to enjoy by the success Of the
free trade agitation.
Certainly fourteen years not much In the history
Europe and may be going too far to cite national cha
racterlscs reason why France only thinks of doing
in 1851 what England &C ,omplshed in ls46 and which
had been enumerated principle and partly carried ou
in practice years before But the French people
quick to earp and their system Of government
are entitled to say the start we have gained over
them is in high degree owing to the national
shut Sp aerss saa . sSA
domestic matters wholly separate from and indepen
dent Of all foreign relations, may sometimes lag behind
by not attending sufficiently to the lessons which foreign
nations teach but she is not, the other hand de-
TERED from acting according to her judgment by any
jealousy, suspicion, Difference with regard
neighboIs 1t might perhaps be as well if we were to
look little more " foreign laws foreign systems of ad
minsrauon and foreign caoons OF taste and not to
work ont every thing from the teachings
rence but still this fault Is LEES than that OF
nations, which fancy that if thing be adopted by Eng
land, IL must either be suited TO her intended
with Machavelan policy, to ensnare themselves to Their
rum. There be doGbt that Jealousy OF Engnd
been one OF the chief supports OF the Pro'econ theory
The hodiioHs Of Frtnc h respect TO Eagsano
oil bear traces q the great revolutionary AT that time
the idea OF the First Bonaparte Eogand By de
soJ lug her commerce. This great believed caused
his subjects believe, that country existed only
by buy ing and selling, and that cotton an
wooens once brought 70 stop the sun OF our greatness
would set for The French Of the genera ou
never seem 10 have imlgin that Eogand
est country in Europe in native productions. They
never TO have heard Of Eogsh agriculture producing
or three times much to the the naturally
favored LANDS Of France OF English mining with its
mour weight COAL iron, lead ana TN every year brought
to the surface OF the eaih OF English skill in the breed
ing Of animals, which made the working classes
the worst OF times fare IN manner which ordinar
French workman might envy. Everything indicated thai
the French looked upon England as mere trading
mnniya Carthage, to use the Napoleonic term which
might be destroyed as soon as the sovereignty
OF the seas and the " monopoly of commerce
were taken away. Under the First Empire these
notions rostered by the unhappy traders of
Continent whose ships had been driven from the by
English cruisers. AS Holland, SPAIN Dem
mark had been subjected 10 French power their com
MERGE was ruined and the loud cry from every quarter
went TO swell the chorus of indignation which power
the severity OF England had caused. The notions
then implanted IN the French mind have fingered to
own time, and consistently with them the famous
Of Sir r. Peel have been denounced as the
unwsry Continent England having grown rich by pro-
lection, having by means Of this crest asis warded oil
blows ealt with the whole strength Of France,
able to abandon it, unfured banner of free
IN otcer 10 ensnafe nations commercially weaker
course which would be their ruin The destruction OF all
manufactures but her was the obvious policy per-
dious Albion, and the duty OF every good French
man to save his country from falling into the trap.
SO argued popular ignorance, and monopoist selfish
uyndf Tho alrctoxs nat s,,ae