The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-02-20

compelled to live in community with a large
number of negroes has a duty to perform to his
own wife and children, and to protect them
from the Vaccinations of the tools of abol
tonists and political demagogues.
The Growing and Prospective Trade with
China anu Japan.
1t is announced by telegraph that two
American barks sailed from San Francisco
for Japan on the oath ult., to obtain car
goes of fancy goods and other productions of
that country, such as have recently sold in Cal
ifornia at enormous profits, and we are in
formed that some skilfnl designers accompanied
these vessels with the purpose of furnishing
Japanese mechanics or artists with models after
hich to manufacture articles better designed
for the American market, the object being to
get the advantage of Japanese skill in execu.
ton for the manufacture OF articles of furui
ture, &C., after plans designed by Americans.
The treaties recently negotiated between this
country and the empires of China and Japan
are now in full force, and we may expect ere
long to witness the fruits of these compacts in
largely extended trade with those countries
which offer so wide field for American enter
prise. The treaties between Japan aud the
United States, England and France have been
ratified and we perceive that the treaty with
Great Britain has just been published in that
county.
Unoer this treaty the ports of Hakodadi,
Kansgawa and Nagasaki were opened to British
vessels Oh the LIST of July last, and two more
namely, Nee egata or another convenient
port" on the west coast OF Nippon, the first
day OF the present year, and HiogO is to be
opened on the lst OF January, 1868. The du-
ties on British imports paid at the Custom
House entitle the goods TO be transported into
any part OF the empire Of Japan without the
payment of any tax excise, or transit DUTY
whatever" and British merchants who have
| imported merchandise into any OF the open
ports OF Japan, and paid the duty, are entitled
| TO certificate for re-exportation to any other
| OF the open ports without the payment Of any
| additional duty, and all attempts at smuggling
| in any of the non opened barbors of Japan en-.
tail the forfeiture of the goods and fine upon
| the ship Of 81 900 for each offence. The impor-
tation of opium is prohibited under heavy
| penalties.
| 1t appears, too, the tariff is framed on a very
liberal scale for England, and articles OF import
| are divided into five classes The first contains
| gold, silver, wearing apparel, household farni.
ture, and books intended for the owners use,
all of which are admitted free. The second
class includes Goals, breadstuffs, timber, lead,
steam machinery, tin, cotton and woollen fab
RIGS, all Of which are subject to duty of five
per cent. Class third includes all intoxicating
liquors, on which duty of thirty five per cent ia
placed; and by class fourth all articles not in.
cluded in the preceding classes are fixed with
DUTY of twenty-five per cent
The Hong Kong Register of the 18th of De.
cember says that "a large trade is already
spriDging up with Japan. Millions OF dollars
are said to have been sent there for the pur.
chase Of gold and silk, and large profits have
been realized. This country promises much in
the future" Thus immediate advantage Is
being taken Of the facilities offered by this
treaty, on both continentA OF course
it cannot be expected that the pre-
JUDGES of some four or FIVE hundred mil
lions of people as exclusive as those of Japan
and China can be overcome in the twinkling
of an eye, or by the signing of an official docu-
ment; but that rich market heretofore
closed to the commerce of the world, is now
opened, is guarantee enough that commercial
enterprise will achieve results in those coun-
tries equal to those it has achieved elsewhere
We have an example of the increase of trade
| following the establishment of liberal rela-
tons, in the fact that the imports of British
cotton fabrics into China have increased sixty
per cent in four years.
In both Japan and China the most friendly
disposition towards this country exists: and
when we once establish a trade with them, it
will grow year by year, until we shall COM
mand highly valuable interchange of COM
merce with these productive Asiatic nations
| The CONVICTION OF LANE, THE BANK DEFAULT
ER-The conviction of young Lane, the default
er of the Fulton Bank, on Saturday, is a some
what uncommon event. We believe it is the first
instance of conviction for defalcation of this
character ever obtained here and the result. we
trust, will have salutary effect 1t would be
impossible to enumerate the many bank defal-
cations constantly occurring in this city. Mum.
bers Of them never see the light, but are com.
promised between the directors and the offend
er, lest the reputation of the bank should suf
fer from public knowledge of its loss. Thus
public justice is sacrificed to private interest
system which is very much to be condemned.
because it not only brings the law into con-
tempt but actually encourages crime. It's
far better that one or two young men should
suffer the penalty of their misdeeds than that
hundreds should fall into vice, encouraged by
the immunity which they know their crimes