The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1860-05-15

SsIl,.uuu, OUU was raised anu this sum, after COW
ertny the existing d,hcit OF SGOO,o00,000, left
about $2o,UOO,VoU to begin the year 1856 with
This excess was swallowed up b. the deficit
OF the next year. and until the war; new de-
fici, wen, on, steadily accommodating, even with
an accelerated pace. Previously to leie. ii
should be mentioned that the debt already
amount ted to $i5u Ov0, UUU, and IL has since been
more than doubled by loans contracted at
home and abroad, always on ruinous terms
In addition to this debt, the State liz 1857 owed
the National Bank $io0,tuo,Uoo; an obligation
contracted since 1913. After the sale OF the
railways, &C., before alluded to, 1t was re-
dueed by $50 uOO,O0U; bat since that time 1t has
far exceeded its original proportions. On the
first OF December last, the bank had less than
SloVunUuO IN reserve, and had issued notes
representing nearly S2iu00U,UUO. During the
Italian war this same bank lent the State $780,
UoUuUU in paper and SD, 100000 in specie. The
interest on these loans Is two per cent. The
bank received bonde TO the amount of 81 Co.,
600 10 cover them, and attempted to negotiate
these bonds in London, but utterly failed
Such is the desperate state of the Austrian
fuanees, reminding US strongly Of the condi-
ton of France Immediately preceding the
great revolution.
Notwithstanding the constantly recurring
elicit, at the end ofeach succeeding fiscal year,
revenues of Austria have been, within the
period designated, four times as large rs they
were previously TO the year isis. The difference
between the revenue ut the end of lols and the
beginning of 1860 represents a fearful increase
of taxation, and even at the first named pc
rod it was AS great As it was thought the peo-
ME could bear Austria seems to have no re-
sources left She has sold her crown lancs,
her railroads. and all other property attached
to the crown, and has no means Of paying off
The enormous sums already due, but fresh loans
when her credit is already below zero, and
fresh taxes when those already imposed are
so severe that they consume almost the entire
nroducts of labor. 1t is impossible to attempt
reform The increase Of the public burthens
is due to the enormous increase of the army.
The Emperor will not hear of a reduction,
and indeed a reduction would be the signal OF
Instantaneous revolution. 1t is rot wonder
ful that, under such circums tances, treach-
cry, roguery, and every species of vice that
springs from corruption, should be found
fiourishing with extraordinary vigor through
out the whole corps OF Austrian officials, in-
Guiding even the army, and that Baron BnUCK
should have cut his throat in despair at the
prospect before him. 1t is not at all necessary
to impute felony to that unfortunate man. in
order to account for the last rash act of his
life
Contemporaneously with this disordered
state of the public finances, exist the most fear
full d,ssensions in all the races of which the
Austrian Empire is composed. The Venitians,
it is we'll known, are kept down by a military
ho Two oil
ways faithful to tie House of Hapsburg in all
its trials, are almost in open revolt Butabove
all, Hungary, whose population. amounting
10 1000 600 forms at least one third of the en-
tire population of the Empire. is ready, at the
first signal. to fly to arms. In that country.
upon this subject, there seems to be no divi-
sion of opinion. Divided into Catholics and
Protestants, they are the only people in Eu-
rome whom religious opinions never could di-
vide. A considerable majority in number, the
Catholic portion of the population never in
terfere with the creed of their Protestant
brethren, and the Protestants never disturb
themselves about the religious tenets of their
Catholic neighbors. In spite OF all attempts
ade by the Government to excite them against
testants, the Catholics could never be
made to take advantage of their superior num-
bers. aud their political status As belonging
to the National church. SO as in the slightest
deeree 10 modest the weaker sect On the con-
trary. the late attempt OF the Imperial
Government to suppress the latter, was fierce
~ resented by the former. as an invasion of a
national privilege derived from the ant lent
Constitution of their common country. No
where in the world, We suspect, certainly not
In this country, where every species Of religion
is perfectly free, is genuine liberation carried
so tar as it is in Hungary, where Catholics,
Protestants, Jews, members of the Greek
Church and even Mahometans, but for the in
reference of the Austrian Government, would
all be allowed the enjoyment of their own
mode Of worship. We mention these religion
lists because some Of each kind are to be found
in Hungary. The attempts to sow dissension
between Hungary and Croatia, and between
Hungary and Transylvania, have been equally
unsuccessful. Indeed, that portion Of the
Austrian Empire which occupies the great
valley Of the Danube, tending from the
Uarpathian Mountains TO the Adriatic.
comprising an area of 1000 geogra phical
square miles, aud embracing Hungary,
Trxnsylvania, Croatia and Dalmatia, uni.
ted as one man ia their hatred Of Austrian
tyranny, and their desire to be united in one
government distinct from Austria. Still far.
ther to the East, the Danubian Personalities
have already formed q union, which has been
recognized by the Emperor of the French
Servia has also set mp for herself, and is recoe.
nized By the same sagacious monarch. Rosnia
and Bulgaria are likewise represen ted a. ros,
ardent in thsir aspirations for freedom
Hers, then, in the great valley Of thu "a. n,..
bounded by the Oarpathian Mountains On ~
North, on the East BY the Black Sea. on the
South by the Balkan ridge, and ON the w.,
BY the Adriatic and the Alps, are situated .,
Ooo,ooo OF souls, full Of aspirations for free.
dom. chained down to the destinies Of Aus.
tria and Turkey, aud forced like MxzxHTEus
70 drag about the dead carcasses Of these do.
fuact monarchiss, while they all eagerly
desire 70 form one nation. What u mighty
nation II would BE-, II 10 not dificult to con.
lecture. II would command the entire trade
Of the Danubian valley, almost as absoIu tsly
a. that Of the Mississippi 10 commanded by
the United States. II would be the barrier.
and ths only edectuai barrier, that can ever
b raised 70 Russian ambition In the direction
Of Turkey. II h greatly to tho interest OF
France. Of England, and even of Germany.
that sueh . barrier should b opposed. The
paFtswhich EngiAad II playing IL supportius
the Turks. who arc ready TO fall to pieces by
fhets ows wsight, sppesrs 70 ~ the esnsna.
uatteg q fDiiy. Tusisy esn nsssr ~ safs.
saoaiast ~ amstsisa Of Rnssla.--