Wabash express. [volume] (Terre-Haute, Vigo Co[unty], Ind.) 1841-186?, 1860-12-12

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Dent itself, but from the sovereign chaiae-
ter Of the several States by which it was
Laiified; bat j. It beyond the power of a
State, like an individual, to yield a por-
ton Of It's sovereign rights 10 secure the
remainder In the language of Mr. Mad
ison. who has been called the Fathe of
the Constitution, 1t was formed by the
States. that Is by the people in each Of the
States. acting in their highest sovereign
capacity, aud formed consequently by the
I. same authority which formed the State
constitutions; nor is the government of
the United s ates. created by the Constitu-
ton, less a government, in the strictest
sense of the term. within the sphere Of it's
powers. than the governments created by
the Constitution of the States are within
their several spheres 1t is like them. or
gaEized into Legislative. Executive aud
Judiciary departments. 1t operates like
them directly on persons and things, and
| like them, 1t has at command physical
force Tor executing the powers committed
to 1t; was intended to be perpetual, and
not Ia be aonulled at the pleasure of any
Que of the contracting parties of The Can.
federation A perpetual union between
the States and by the 18th article, tits ex-
Pressly declared. that the articles of this
Confederation shall be Inevitably observed
| by every State, and the Uuion shall be
\ perpetuated.
The Preamble 10 the Constitution Of the
Uuited States, having expressed reference
To the articles of Confederation, a serts it
| was established in order to form a more
perfect Uniou, does not INCLUDE the essen
! ial attribute OF perpetuty, but that. the
Union was designed to be perpetuated, ap-
pears cOutlusively from the nature and ex-
tent Of theowcrs conferred by the constitu-
4 ton ON the Federal Governnent These DOW
ers embrace the highest attribute of national
sovereignty. They place both the sword
and the pure under its control Congress
has power to make war and TO make peace,
to raise and support armies and navies
and To conclude treaties with foreign GOV
ernmsnts. IL is invested with the pow er to
coin money aud regulate the value thereof,
and to regulate commerce with foreign ma
tions aud among the several States. 1t is
not necessary to e1umeratc the other high
powers which have been conferred upon
| theFederal Government, in order to carry
the eenumeratedpowers into effect. Congress
possesses the exclusive right to lay aud
collect duties on imports, and in common
with the States to Jay and collect all other
taxes. But the Constitution has not only
conferred these high powers upon Congress
but it has adopted effsctual means to re-
strain the States from interfering with
their exercise for that purpose. 1t has in
strong prohibtory language expressly de-
clared that no State shall enter into any
treaty alliance or confederation, grant let
/ Of marque and reprisal, coin money, emit
bills of credit, make anything but gold
| and silver coin tender In payment of
debts, pass any bill Of attander, er post
fucto law or laws impairing the obligations
/ of contracts. Moreover, without the con-
sent Of Congress no State shall lay any
( imports or duties or any imports or exports
1 except what may be absolutely necessary
for executing its inspection laws, aud il
they exceed this amount the excesses shall
belong to the United States, and no State
shall, without the consent Of Congress, lay
any duty of tonnage, keep troops or ships
OF war in time of peace, enter into any
agreement or,compact with another State
or with a foreign power, or engage in war
unless actually invaded or in such immi
nent danger as will not admit Of delay.
In order still further to secure the unin-
terrupted exercise of these high powers
against State interposition, it is provi.
ded that this Consultation aud the laws oil
the United States which shall be made in
4
which shall be made under the authority
\ ofthe United States shall be the supreme
Law os the land, and the Judges in every
State shall be bound thereby anything
in the Constitution, or laws of aay State o.
! Territority T., the contrary, notwithstand'
ing. The solemn sanction Of religion ha
been superadded to the obligations of Off
, c,al duty, and all Senators and R-presen
= tatiyes of the United States all member,
2 of State Legislatures aud all Executive anC
e Judicial officers. both Of the United State
and the several States, shall be bound b,
oath or affirmation to npport the Constlt
ution.
4 In order To carry into effect these law
"a the Constitution has established n perfect
+ government in all its forms. Legislative
t Executive and Judicial, and the Govern
: ,nent to the extent Of its powers, acts upal
: the individual citizens Of every State anC
}, executes its own DEGREES by the agency o
e it's own officers. In this respect It differ,
o entirely from the Government un Ter Lhl
e old Confederation, which was confined L
!. making requisitions on the States in thei
5 sovereign character. This left it in tn
a discretion of each whether to obey OF to =,
: fuse and they often declined to compl
with such requsitions. 1t thus becam
o necessary. for the purpose oil removing ri'
IS barrier, aud in o. der 10 form a more pei
a feet union, TO establish Government whic
= could act directly upon the people, an
N execute its own laws without the interme
t. date agency Of the States. This has bee
re accomplished by the Constitution of th
rs United States. .g -,
10 In short the Government created by the Ca
n stitutionsnd deriving it's authority from u
y sovereign pespleofeach ofths several State
a has precisely the same right TO exerci
u its power over the people OF all the
States in the enumerated cases. each OF
he Of Them possess over subjects not deles
IA t..d 10 the United States, but reserved
's the States respectively or to the people.
d the extent of the dclegaed powers. III
n Const,tution Of the United States is
e. much part of the Constitution of GA
% State. and is as binding on its people
1s though it had been textualy inser,
-, therein. This Government therefore is
~ great and a powerful Government invest
n with all the attribut es of sovereignty o,
-, the special subjects to which its authori
~ extends. Its trainers never intended
-. iuplant in its bosom the seeds of its o.
~ destruction; nor were they, at its creati,
- guilty Of the absurdity Of Provididg for
own dissolution. 0di 1ci siff .p.afAh
II was not intended by its trainers 10
ne the base,ess fabric of vision, which. at
IN touch Of the enchanter, would v1nish u
vas thin air but substantial and mighty {;
pie ric capable Of resisting the slow decay
Tvs time, and os defyIng the storms Of ages
~ Indeed d, we'll may jealous patriots of :
OF day have INDUCED fears. that a COVE
led ms nt of such high powers might viol
'rai the reserved rights Of the States, and w
the /, did they adopt the rule of a strict G
ned struction Of those powers. to prevent
'ru danger; but they did not fear, nor had .
.ap any reason TO imagine, that the Const
b.- ton would ever be so interpreted as to
N able any State, by her own act and wi
'di- oxt the consent Of her sister States, to {
sd- charge her people from all 0" any of
mat Federal obligations taa sob afi b
'use 1t may be asked, ihen. are the !
az ple of the States without redress aga
,Ia. ,S;. the tyranny and oppression of the Fed
sn sns Government By no means. The r
u.' of resistance on the part of the goyeI
ii against the oppression oftheir Governm
la'n cannot be denied, IL exists independe
.n. .,'e of all Constitutions. and has been exerc
at all periods Of the, Worlds Hastor
- Under it old governments haye been
ssFc L. A. %