The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-10-04
distributed between the Northern and Southern
States "a foli6ws.-

distributed between the Northern and Southern
States as follows
Free.... IL ,oeooo 00V 0Co
eiAve' ....................... sVp,oV
Total. ....................Isyoc 900 900 100000
Ii we deduct from the Northern population
the accession ii has received through immigra-
ton, we find that the natural increase during
the past seventy years Is skiold. The same
ratio holds good in the increase Of the white
population In the South, and the slave popula-
ton, having augmented from 5000 to 4,oOO.-
0oo, exhibits precisely the same ratio What,
then, becomes Of Senator Stewards reiterated
assertion of the superior increase of the North,
of the decay Of the South, and OF the probabili-
y that we shall witness an early extinction OF
the present social constitution c. the Southern
States, through the natural processes OF decay
on one side and prosperity on the others They
fall to the ground, because they are not sustain
ed by fact
| There Is still another view to be taken OF
these results which Senator Seward and his CO.
adjutors leave always out Of view. Immigra-
ton has been almost exclusively OF
laboring population, which has added
its efforts to the productive capacity Of the
country. We have seen that this has been con
tributed almost exclusively to the North, while
the South has been almost entirely cut of from
obtaining by importation an assimilating in
crease to its labor Had the importation of
African slaves been left open az has
that Of the supply OF labor from Eu-
rope to the Northern States, there can
be no doubt that the increase of produc-
ton, exchange and consumption in the South,
az well az Of population, would have equalled,
if it did not surpass, that of the North. But
the figures as they exist today, Notwithstanding
an adverse legislation for sixty years, prove
that the social law OF the South is as benefcent
in its operation as is that of the North. Social
evils, the separation Of families, cases Of indi-
vidual wrong and oppression. crime, destitu-
ton and moral perversion, are as abundant in
Northern as they are in Southern society, and
can be as easily found If sought. The exagge-
ratons and misstatements Of Mr.. Seward and
his followers belong to that system Of argument
which leads them to utter one thing in Con-
gress and conventions and totally different
one in their minor gatherings of the people.
THE FRENCH CI.sIs n ITALY-DTFEREHcE
BETWEEN GARBAIDI AND TUE TURIN CABINET
The demands reported to have been addressed
to Victor Emanuel by Garibaldi open up new
phase Of the Italian question. The object of
Sandman intervention in the Roman States
was to head of the revolution Just at the point
which suited the policy Of the Cabinets Of the
Tuileries and Turin, but the Dictator will not
suffer himself to be arrested in his course by
the convenience or diplomatic obligations of
either. Rome for the Romans, Venice for the
watchwords. In demanding the dismissal of
Cavour and Fayini, he seeks TO remove from his
path the chief obstacles that stand between
him and those objects. They would have foiled
him in his efforts to ernaucipate Sicily, and
when he had succeeded in freeing 1t they would
have prevented him from carrying out the full
purpose orhis expedition BY the expulsion of the
Bourbons from Naples. Again they seek to defeat
the consummaion Of the great work that he
has in hand by interposing between him and
the liberation Of Rome and Venice. He breaks
with them abruptly, as he broke with them
twice before, when he found that their aims did
not lie in The same direction as his II may be
impoliic that he should do 90 In the present
instance, but il is at least consistent and is in
a measure, justified by the success that has
hitherto attended the independent assertion Of
his own will.
Thus We 6nd brought Into direct conflict the
views Of the more moderate minded Of the TIA
liam revolutionisss who are content with the re-
suits already achieved, and Of those who, con-
that italian unity is but sham and delusion
unless Rome ard Venice are brought within the
circle Of its operation. Victor Emanuel, there
is reason TO believe, inclines towards the latter
opinion, but is controlled by Cavour and Farini
who believe that the limits prescribed by France
to the revolution are the safest for the interests
Of Sardinia. They regard with apprehension
the prospect Of another struggle with Austria,
under the different circumstances In which q
separation from French policy would place
her. Garibaldi has no fears Of this sort; for.
in his eyes, Italy united is equal TO any amount
VI ANiNN AAht A1Shtos sA' 1cluiuu CuhlSuc-
ration at her back, can bring into the field.
This is critical state Of things and II IL
rendered doubly hazardous to the peace Of
Europe by the influence which ii is likely to
exercise In Germany and Hungary. The eyes
Of the people Of both countries are attentively
Gxed upon the movements Of Garibaldi, and an
attack upon Venice will in all probability be
folloyed By insurrectionary risings amongst
them as In isis. A. to Rome, the fight Of the
Pope, and the abandonment Of the city by the
French viii spare any further trouble in that
quarter. II matters but little what turn mat
tcrs may take, the temporal jurisdiction Of the
Pontia Is virtually at an end. The whole ques-
ton Of the success Of Garibaldis contemplated
attack upon Venice hinges on the part that
T.uia Napolpon will ta,ea In the evcnt Of the