The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-01-05
The Qucstion Of the Day. - ~
,. ryERNEUR EsnBIx- ~ux xLn0T0RS or Pm

minated In open Aenpt 70 excite rebellion and insur
recion among the colored population Of Virginia. and III
whole Southern section Of our country 10 now
state OF excitement and alarm. And what less could b
expected when ministers Of the Gospel Of Christ
Of Thai holy religion that breathes only Of charity and
good viii 70 all incorporating treason to the laws and
constitution murder and arson and the horrors Of ser
ve war, against brethren Of tho South; and this
reason Instead Of being rebuked ID reechoed by the
psess, and by orators Of strong political party tina.
would still claim featy 10 the Union. With such things
acting before us ought TO be astonshed that all those
States where the institution OF slavery exist should
be aieuased from ushat they should prefer An open
separation TO what must appear 10 them treacherous
unions Who could doubt the decision Of brave and
generous people under the feeling Of such wrongly We
know has the great mass Of the people Of the free States
OF the Union remain true TO the constitution and TO all
ner under IT, and that not less willingly would
hey render their support against negro nsurrecn than
Brown and his followers instead OF sympathy n received
mere with - much abhorTence IA Virginia itself but
u difficult 70 convince our Southern brethren that
such = the predominant sentiment Of people, when
we suffer the diaribes Of fanatics and aboonists 10 no
unccDtradcted, and sustain men In high places who At
least oetenAbly sympathize with them But why should
enter upon crusade against the nstitutions Of our
SISTER Statesf Thcy have done injury, but great
good they have infrnged no law eHecting Us; and in
maintaining their rights upon the door OF Congress have
borne themselves strictly within limits of the const
tuition, which party With US, happily SMALL would over
STEP By thatg instrument the common bond Of our
country they, well we, secured in the establish
ment and Maintenance Of domestic institutions
Us adoption slavery existed throughout the thirteen
original States and the authority under which we have
expunged from the statute book the same by which
they possess tho right TO maintain II free from inerfe
Of insurrecton to sustain them In nay more FOR
the internal tranquility Of the States Of the Union being
guaranteed by ALL i necessarily follows that combina
tons Of persons with view TO disturb it, whether In or
out OF the sister State, must be Illegal and subject 70
prevention and punishment However decidedly should
be opposed to the restoration OF slavery my State
feel that in this the Aggressors and that all
my sympahies with the South With them the cues
ton not whether slavery be right or wrong In the alb
stract-whether 1t be consistent with the interests Of
humanity to emancipate from four and quarter four
and half millions OF ignorant slaves, unaccusomed to
and incapable OF SELF governmen-whether otherwise
desirable II would inure TO their benefit, cor
sainly would TO the destruction Of the white
With them it involves life and death and the dearest int
rests Of man. U.s. therefore, not question Tor argument
but action; and behooves every right miaded man in
the free States who holds his allegiance the consttu
ton, and loves the Union the Of all unex
aDpled prosperity nation to look at n its true light,
and before II too late to it, for these aggressons
upon their tranquility and happiness which have
already aenated the minds and exaperaed the passions
in the slave States against must otherwise,
later eventuate in dissolution Of great and glorious
confederacy
Unfort nately, much ignorance prevails among us in
relation TO the Institutions OF the Southern States
slavery in particular Many wei-intentioned persons
have drawn their ideas from the publications CT the abo
iionsts and the exaggerated REPRESENTATIONS Of Mrs
led by It's maignity and falsehood representation OF
and customs in the South have myself visited
the South, and viii offer some facts for your considers
ton.
No white man among us, however low his position in
but considers the negro to DO Of inferior race TO
himself his color, his physiogn0my aud his whole phys
cal formation characterize him be OF different organ
zation and separates him from His freedom does not
raise his social position and laws both State and fede
rail- deprive him Of every attribute Of cuzenshp except
protection in most respects he is better than the slave,
aud In many he Ii In all ages the negro has been
slave; but nowhere has slavery ever existed in form
mild and benefcent as that Of the United Staes
where have the rights Of the slave been 50 pro
steal wants so abundant,y supplied; nowhere
his moral and intellectual improvement 80 cared
OF tho white population Of the country be compared with
IT, has been double that OF England and treble that Of
the Continent Of Europe the same timea result that
could mot have taken place under tyrannical and op
pressve system OF government and the best REPUTATION
that be offered 70 the alsehoods and exaggersons Of
which formerly existed in the British West Indies whore
country establishment is still called pen, from the
pIson = waca ne ssvss we're Mways sosnsa Tor the
all tho larger estates, and 10 which the Chinese
who, under false pretences aud 70 the dsYaos Of hu
mainly have been induced 70 emigrate equally sub
jected Under such Circumstances any natural increase
could hardly occur and accordingly, the number has
Humboldt estimated tie whole number Of slaves imported
into the English West India colonies from the
men. 70 the expiration q the trade at two pions one
emancipation the emancipated slaves paid for by
the government about 00o and the returns gave
about 100 900 free coored in all the coonest0gethcr
TOO 0Ooan awful deficiency. With us an entirely die-
rent system prevails The slaves everywhere lodged
in comfortable and separate cabins aud all the large
ates laid out in Streets and cleanliness by
scrupuous police There inhrnary, with attond
ant physician, nurses and medicines, and on many q
nursery for the children, under the sperintentance Of
discreet elderly women. On the smaller estates
the cabins were near the residence OF the
tlo onts NJ fHSa Thn fUhf ayrap
in harvest time, and time Of grinding in Louisiana,
generally tasked BY four O'Clock in the afternoon YOU
people not often met with Many Of them relieved
from hard labor before they forty, and the rice
plantations what with the superannuated the nfr the
clothed there not often than twenty FIVE producing
hands, II s this that renders slave labor in the Southern
States much more expensive than labor with
Most Of them have gardens, and others raise poultry,
pigs, &c he produce of which strictly their own.
near town they are allowed TO dispose OF there, and
with the proceeds supply themselves with fnery aud
little luxures. If too far off these things are generally
purchased by the master exchanged with the peddars
great MANY a. was tola both in Georgia and South
Carolina communcants Of the Methodist and Baptist
churches and in Louisiana understand the largest num-
Der to be Roman Catholics ANY cruelty on the part 81 an
owner towards bis slave would be rebuked by the gene
raj sentiment OF the whole community, besides being
| punishable by law
In short 90 far as have seen Of the South have
believe that happier people would be dncat To
find; and instead Of plying the backsso much better
the whites who compelled to think for, and take
Of them for they are thoughtess and exciteabe
prone to superstition and easily led Astray although the
crimes that Disgrace Northern cities are among
them.
might extend these observations, but seems TO me
that have said enough to show you that slavery,
exists In the Southern States Of the Union by
the terrible institution that II has been represented thai
although individual Of hardship may occur they
every state q society, TO which We are no exception
yet that they af Pare; that, as whole, the system
mild and benevolent in it's operation, and secures TO the
slave larger portion Of happiness in this life and hope
To come than has fallen 70 the lot OF the African
negro from the Of history 70 the present
time That may be improved do not doubt but Thu
must be left 70 the judgment and humanity OF oui
brethren in the South may boz as has BEEN retarded
be forwarded by Interference on our part
Mr. GAatp, aiter the most careful researches, makes
the number slaves imported into tho United States uI
70 suppression OF the slave trade IN 1893 not 10 exceed
$780, GOO souls. and Mr. Cary including louisiana states
COO In the year $780, when the rst census Of the
United states took place. they numbered rs foows:-
I70o-The slave population numbered e956e.
Free plAcks.. OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. osoti
|
Aggregate OF African extraction. ........ 1857 20s
lS0c-Second gives slave population. s96 e
free cOtcReQ. 1AV,osl