East Saginaw courier. (East Saginaw, Mich.) 1859-18??, 1860-11-15
CHINA.

From a communication to the Journal
of Commerce " of an old East Indian
Cruiser who has spent years in China"
we make the annexed extracts:
/" 1t has been so often asserted that the
Chinese Government has never fulfilled
its treaties with Great Britain, by which
the five points were thrown open to for
eign trade, that many persons, on both
sides of the Atlantic, really believe it
Nothing can be more erroneous. At
Shanghai, the most convenient portions
of the banks Of the Woosang are allotted
to foreign trade, and foreigners of all
nations, trading with that country, enjoy
access to all parts of the city, as well as
to the surrounding country mot embraced
in treaty stipulations) for many miles,
At Ningpo there has been little or no
restriction, and British and American
trade to the port itself is perfectly free,
according to treaty provisions. The
same may be said of Fuchau-foo and
Annoy. The island of Hong Kong has
become regularly organized British
Colony; and Macao, some fifty miles fur
ther south upon the China shore, is as
free under the Portuguese Government
as Hong Kong is under the British
Trade has also been perfectly free up
and down Pearl river, both at Whampoa
and Canton.
Comparatively small districts in the
interior portion of Canton, occupied
mostly if not altogether by the officials
residences and offices, and which is called
the cold city," is not accessible to for
eigners. That ancient district is regard
cd by the Chinese as sacred to local and
domestic affairs, and not essential, as a
place of foreign egress and ingress, to
the commercial intercourse guaranteed by
them in the British treaties Of Nankin
and Whampoa, or the American treaty
of Wanghai.
1t is altogether mistake that China,
as nation, is so very far behind Christ
endom in the arts and accomplishments
of civilization. Their sacred and social
customs are not ours, nor are they equal
to ours, but their civil, political and lit
erary institutions are not inferior to those
of Christendom in very many respects.
The literary examinations of our 'Har-
ard and Yale are not half SO rigid as
the literary examinations in the high
schools of China; and no person can rise
to eminence in any of the professions,
and more especially in public life, who
has not withstood the most critical in
vestigation of his qualifications for all
the duties of the sphere to which he
aspires.
The educated classes of China, who
comprise very large proportion of the
entire population in the interior of the
Empire, exhibit a high order Of polish
and genuine refinement, with a thorough
knowledge Of public affairs and a nice
sense of honor and justice.
at is a singular fact that the organi-
zation of the Executive Government at
Pekin is in some respects not unlike our
Federal Government at Washington
Their six departments, advisory of the
Emperor, correspond in some measure to
our seven departments, whose principals
constitute tho Cabinet Council of the
President. The principal difference is,
that in China the six supreme Boards
possess judicial and Legislative as well as
executive authority, and of course there
is nc feature of popular representation in
their government
"Their code Of morals, which consists
Of the teachings of Confucus and Mem
cias, is calculated to make the people
happy aud wise; and it is surpassed only
by the moral teachings of our Holy
Scriptures. IL forms tho first and last
lessons of all the Chinese schools"