Randolph County journal. [volume] (Winchester, Randolph County, Ind.) 1855-1862, 1860-06-28


403 are Of the free states. and onl
s. Of the slave states. OF the poet
mentioned in Griswold's Poets an
, Poetry of America. l23 are OF the fre
states. and only Il Of the slave state,
OF the poets. whose place OF birth ap
pears in Reeds Female Poets q
America, 73 are of the free states
and only ii ofihe slave states. An
if we try authors by weight or quail
ty, it o. the same as when we tr,
them by numbers. Out OF the lre
states have come all whose works hav
taken place in the permanent litera
ture OF the country-lrving, Prescott
Sparks, Bancroft, Emerson. Motley
llillreth. and Hawthorne; also. Bry
ant. Longfellow. Dana. Halleclx
Whittier, and Lowcll-and | nigh
aid Indefinitely to the list. But wha
name from the slave states could fin,
a place there?
A similar disproporiion appears II
the number of patents, attesting th,
inventive industry of the contrastet
regions, issued during the last thre,
years. 1857. 1888. 1859. In the fre,
States there were $3.50: in the slave
State. |, 449-making a difference oil
Sill in favor of Freedom. The mum
in free Massachusetts, was 972; in
slave South Carolina, 80. The mum
Der in free Connecticut. small in Ter
ritory and population. was G2S; in
slave Virginia. large ia Territory and
population, Isl.
From all these things we might in
fer the Ignorance prevalent in the
slave States; but this shows itself in
specific results of deplorahlc charac
ter, authenticated by the official cen
sus. 1t appears that in the slave
States there were 1913, ,026 native
white persons over % years Of age
who can not read and write, while in
the free States, with double the white
population, there were but 2IS, 20
native whites over 20 years of age
in this unhappy predicamcnt. In the
slave States the proportion was to
l.; IN the free states, il was | to 53.
The number in free Massachusetts,
with population Of nearly a million,
was ,005. or /. in 5l7; the number in
slave South Carolina, with a popula-
tion under 100000, was $3.50; OF
| in /; in slave Virginia, | in );
in flee New Hampshire, l in POI. and
in slave North Carolina. | in 3.
Before closing this picture of slav-
cry, where the dismal colors all come
from official figures. there are two
other aspects in which for moment
it may be regarded:
L. The first is the influence which
it has on emigration. 1t is stated in
the official compendium of the census
lpage ll5. that those persons living
in slave States, are more numerous
than those living in free States who
are natives Of slave States. This is an
egregious error. just the contrary i
true. The census of 1880 found 6e9.-
30l in the free States, who were born
in the slave States: while only 206,-
63S born in the free States were in the
slave States. And since the white
population of the free States is double
that Of the slave states. it appears
that the proportion of whites moving
from slavery is six times greater than
that Of whites moving into slavery
In this simple fact is disclosed some
thing of the aversion to slavery which
is aroused ever in the slave states.
.. The second aspect is furnished by
the character OF the region on the
border-ine between Freedom and
Slavery. In general. the value OF
lands iii Slave States adjoining Free
dom is advanced. while the value of
corresponding lands in Free States is
The effects of Freedom
and Slavery are reciprocal. Slavery
is a bad neighbor. Freedom is n good
nci2hbor. In Virginia, lands naturally
poor are, by their nearness to Free
dom. worth Sl2 9S an acre, while
richer lands in other parts Of the
State are worth only IS ~ In IL
linois. lands bordering upon Slavery
are worth only 81 "a an acre. while
other lands in Illinois are worth s. 30
~ in the value Of lands, so in All 9TH
er Influences is Slavery felt FOR evil,
and Freedom felt for good; AMI thus
is il clearly shown 10 be foI the in-
terest of the Slave States to lie sur
rounded by circle OF Free States.
Tins, at every point, is the charac-
ter of Slavery more and more mani
fest, rising and dilating into an over
,hadowing barbaii>m, darkeninS the
the whole land. Through It's in.lu-
ence. population, values Of all kinds,
manufacturers. commerce, railroads.
canals. charities, the Post-Oiiice,
colleges, professional schools, acade-
mics. public schools, newspapers, pc
riodicals, books. authorship. inven-
tions, are all stunted, and under a
Government which Processes to be
founded on the intelligence Of the peo-
pie. one in twelve of the white admits
in the region Of Slavery is officially
reported as unable to read and write.
Never was the saying of Montesquicu
more triumphantly verified. that
countries are not cultivated Ly reason
of their fertility. but by reason Of
their liberty. To this truth the Slave
States constantly testify by every pos
sible voice. Liberty Is the powerful
agent which drives the plow, the spin
die. and the keel: which opens ave-
nues of all kinds. which inspires char
ity; which awakens love Of knowl
edge, and supplies the means of graf
flying it, Liberty Is the first OF