, 1860-01-20

the hearts Of the North, express q meaning
which comedies with the ideas Of the South.
We have appreciated his exploits Us a logi-
can; let US follow him in his historical discove-
rics.
Let your Imagination carry you back 10 the
year l776. iou stand in the bal Of the old CO.
!onial court house Of Philadelphia Through
the open door you see the Continental Congress
assembled: the moment of great decision is
men assembled there, and consider what vou
may expect OF them. The philosophy Of the
eighteenth century counts nj any OF them among
its truest adopts. They welcomed heartily il
their scattered towns md plantations tile n.w
3deas brought forth by that sudden progress Of
solitude Of virgin nature, ihey had enlarged the
compass OF their Thoughts und peopted their
lmaSinations with lofty ideals. a classical edu-
cation (for most Of the T. are by no meaos il!ite-
rate nen) has put all the treasures Of historical
knowl dye ut their disposal, and enabled them
10 appiy the experience Of past centuries to the
new problem they attempt 10 solve See others
there ot simple but strong cast Of mind, whom
common sense would call its true.t representa-
tires. Wont 10 grapp'e with the dangers and
oifhculies u an early settlers life, or if inhab
tants Of young uprising cities, wont to curry
become regardless Of obstacles aud used to
strenuous activity. The constant necessity to
lctp themselves. has developed their mental in-
dependence, and Injured to political strife By the
cohtlnua! defense of their colonial self fgovern-
nlent, they have at last become familiar viii,
tse idea, to Introduce into practical existence
the principles which their vigorous minds have
quietly Eult up into theory.
The tiFst little impulses to the general uphcav-
lus Of tue popular spirit, the tea-,a1, the stamp
ac1, drop into 'nsigniGcance; they are almost
torSotten; tue revolutionary spirit has ritcn fur
above them. 1t lisdains to justify itself with
petty pleadings, it spurns diplomatic cquivoca-
tion; 1t pl GEES the claim to independence upon
the broad basis Of eternal rights, IS srli-evi-
dentas the sun, as broad Us the world, as COM
mon IS tue air Of heaven. The struggle Of the
colonies against the usurping government ct
Great Britain has risen to The proud Dimensions
| OF struggle of snua for liberty and equality
Behold. tire men are advancing towards the
table Of the President. First, thomas Jel1e1-
son whose philosophical spirit grasi,s tie ;,e,er-
Ility OF thi'gs and events; then Hcnjamn
| Franklin, The great apostle If cumnou sense,
the clear wisdom If real life teau1ins in bis s..
| rene eye; then the uudauntcd John 4 1dams aud
two others. Now Jefferson reads the Declara.
tiou Of Independence and loudly proc.atals the
| fundamental principle upon whichit rests: "A'l
men are created free aud equa1!'' It is
said history tells you what it meant.
across the ocean; the preTogatiyes OF mob Its
are troddcn into the dust; every man a kin:
every man baron; in scytn Of tue original
colonies the shack!es Of the black man struck
OF; almost everywhere the way prepared for
srad"a! ancipa,ion. NO recognition Of the
slavery he abolished By law - says Washington.
M. nnly the supremacy Of OLD England is 10 b.
saaktE 1tt, but new organization Of society Is
to be built up Oh the basis Of liberty acd eut,al-
lty. Thst is the Declaration Of Independence
That is 1he American Revolution: All men t1ee
RI No$ A1I I
Atlantic ocean stops the triumphant shout
Behold the natious Of the old world are rusEiu.
to asms. Eastiles arc blown into tlle. dust US
by tile trt,:hpets of Jericho, and like riias Of
tile by night and pillar of cloud BY 1ay, the
the great watcllword of the american Kero!u.
ton shows forever the way to struggling In
Inanlty. Long continued applause. ali tue,,
are created flee and equal: Whence the surer-
n4:uras power III these seven words?
Turn your eyes away ftoal tile sublime :pcc~
tacle Ut lI'6, trons that t;o1i,u- galaxy Of men
whose hearts were large tnuu= for all mankind.
aad lei the recall you TO the sober year Ut ls5 j.
rEere is Springfield, the capital of Illinois. one
OF those States which owe their greatness 10 III
| ordnance originally framed By the same maj,
whose hand wrote the Declaration Of Indepen,a-
1 chce. In the hall OF the Assembly there stand:
slr. Douglas, who initiates an eager crowd int o
tue mysteries Of popular sovereignty" lie
will tell yuu what it meant, when The n,cn vi
1
eqaa." lie says:
NO srdc re character the mat:ses md
II" enbd"et Of The zhr' ~ the Declaro. Of lr.,s
xs Hss w. II. Ill., :5s Hn m e., III hy ssss.d 10 he
ei.r al n1en 70 la been created Tree an equaiAHay
.@t. a. ,,.ii.y IL ,:set S.I,:-tsat i:,s
Try ws'e end to ths SANE 'n.l era + rights and ANU
-n"ss. Tie pc:ars,!oa q 1ndep. neaec VA a,,s1.
IT, t.. II! %s # ax ISs1i. IT, ; ss.i4 Il
f1om III Dfth crow N aa1 aseislns their c@t~
Whaty Is That all? Is tl.a. little l,cau Of
Iu:ck$aul the whole subs1ruc,ure Gu which a
ncw organization nf society VAS tn be buit; j:
the wElu:e foundation upon hich the proud and
I>oudcruus cdi;ice Of the United s;.3;es rests:
They did, then, rot n,cau aN men, when t1ey
said all men. They intended, perhaps. errn 10
di-ruuclliSe those free blacks, who III i've OF lie
original thirteen .olonies enjoyed t!,s light VI
voting? They nleaat but the white race. Oh,
no, by no means tile acae{e white race; not tie
Gerutaua, not the French, not the Scantiinayi-
aus; they meant but lsritiSl. subjects .nr,tsla
"su'Jccts Oh ibis continent being equal to l;rit-
'';sh subjects bern aud residing on he o;l,er
"~isl' nj the great water!" [4au.hier ani ap-
plause1.
lhr1- is your Declaration Of Independence, a
diplonl:.ic dodge. adopted Elcrelv tor the uut-
pose Of excusing the rebellicus colonies in the
Eyes Of civilized mankind. There Is your de-
clarJtion Of Independence. Il" "'u"=r the sacred
1
piece nf -l,ecial pleading, t!taan Ii. br Il ba,cl,
1T artful petli.osycTs who. WHEN speaking OF
the rights of il.r, meant hut tt,e privileges Of !.
set OF arstoeratc Shareholders, but STYLED it
1.-THE rights Of ma," in order to throw dust into
the cYcs Of The world, a:,t to 1nyei:1e nut.le-
hearted loo's into lending them aid and assist
ance. tApplaus:. TLesa arc your buasted
revolutionary sres, TO lnnger heroes and gaze,
Int accomplished huulbug:ers and hypoc,ites.
who said one thing and meant another; vi. O
| passed counterfeit sentiments as :enuiuc and
obtained arms aud money and assistance u.t.l
sympathy on f4lse rse,cnscs: There is your
| :.eat American Revolution, no logger the . ut
champion Of universal principles. but Il mean
Yankee trick-tbussts Of applause aaa laugh.
| ter "a woodrn nutnleg-| renewed ctiecrsf-the
most impudert iasposi,son ever psac.icea uppn
the whold world: [Applause.]
That is the way Ar. l}3us4s wants you to
cad and tu understand the prouGcst pages u.
.,.,.sr.can history. This is tue Kind Of List.rr
/ wi.'l which he finds 1t necessary to prop his
muusre1 doctrine ol Popular Sovereignty: That
is what he calls yiulicatin;. t. character aud
the motives and the conduct o: the s.ne1s ot
the Declaration Of Independence Thus he jhi
aot blush to SANDER jefferson, WHO. nl.n
speakin. cf his cvuntry, mcaut the world, ant!
when speaking Of his fellow citizens, nea,i
mankind and Frankin, i'll whose clear n+sl
theory aud practice were the same, and WIN,
laving declared 'al men to BE- created free AMI
| sHHat, became tile tTst President ut the first
| "a III Abolition society; and john Adams. the
| representative Of tia, Statc, which ABOLISHED
slavery within its limits with 1ne great ssrtkc .t
legislation; and Washington, wEo declared it
to ht "his tontltst Wish sre slavery abolished
BY law, and a.!i xcd to the Uccla, a,an Of Iu,.e.
tendcnce the bread signature Of his brroic
| sword and Madison, who deemed it ''ulrsaEtl
IL admit the idea OF propertr in man;" and of
the trainers Of the Constitution, who took care
not to disgrace that instrument with the wol. i
Slavery" and before adopting. it finally, blat,e
ou. ffo1s the sAtrndtion cllu>. the word ''scrr~
itudc, arosrtdy. ea"s. II si.,,.t tie condition
OF u Stare, aud substituted the word Service
arowe.l1v 1-asM+t It s;yn :Eed tAs condition of a
| free nun. thus Mr. douglas dares 10 speak NJ
all those true MEN, who after haying proclaimed
their principles in tile Declaration, endeayoreti
tu introduce them lhto Practical sc IN almost
every State in tie way of yrlIui! tMdu,:E ration :
That they have failed in this, is it :. fault OF
| theirs: II shows not that they were less great
and sincere, but that subsequent generations
E-re hardly worthy of so noll= All ancestry .
[App!ause
| lu.re Is ,ir. Douglass version Of yons his
! tory. lie despa:rs Of converting yen without
| ssanJesius our fat!,ers Ills present soctrues
caunotthsive unless planted in Il caumay on
e'aratou Of Independence! Indeed, they need
rise from their grave, at shei. head ThoHss
Jefferson. his lips cnrlcd Wit, tic smile Of con-
teiult, and hear him say to AIr. Douglas, ':Sir.
"xou may abuse us as much as you please. but
"have the goodness to spare us with your vim
- ~ 1F r4n oo}o