Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1860-01-26
The Chinese ousstion.

in this manner, by medatlOn-Or more properly snaoI
ing, by arbitration. The best possible proof of the no
cess of Mr. Wards mission is this reference to the Jn
States-if the fact be as stated. What may create
doubt is its being the most sensible thing that the En-
peror of China-Hienfung by name who succeeds TanL
wang his father, in February 1850-coud possibly do
Not having the pluck manfuly to oppose an invadipr
force of some 10000 European soldiers this ruler Il
4l5OOOOO0 OF subjects is wise in his generation in re-
ferrng the matter to arbitration We have consdera
BILE doubts, however, whether France and England will
allow the dispute to be adjusted thus They certainly
Design to profit by the quarrel England in particular
wants the island of Chusan, having discovered that
Hong Kong, though well situated is too unhealthy fo
longer occupation. France, no doubt, will also 90 i
for slice of Chinese territory.
The Chinese army is about the worst in the world
A French othcer, one Captain DAIRY, has lately ppb
lshed work on the Organization MlLltdre de Ia Cb
which shows how this force is disciplined. He saws
"1he Chinese adopt principle that the solior
time of peace must be occupied. and accordngv 4
marries, and is allowed q piece of land which 10
obliged to cultivate be sometimes even engages n
trade. The necessities of domestic and civil life 6ni
stife in his mind all military spirit. The French troo
consequently, will not have to meet in China sodr
resembling Europeans, but animated by a dfren,
spirit and having dfe ent organization. By castinr
glance at the Al articles which compose the Ch;nn
military code, we shall see that the Government itoI
understands the mperfection of that organization H.
the sentiment of honor duty, and love of country which
guide the European flags, it has substituted fear TT
penalty of death is written everywhere in the code ~
armies, for the smallest well the gravest Offence
The punishment OF blows, and OF having arrows thr
through the nose and ears, comes afterwards Here ora
two OF the articles OF the sanguinay regulations which
the Celestial Empire has adopted for its battaons:
Art. l. Every soldier, who, in action shall not ID
vance when the drum or the gong is beaten shall bs
decapitated.
"' Art. 2. Any soldier who in a movement in a
shall lag in the murmur in the ranks sbn
be condemned to DEATH This extreme rigor is ann3
not only to the cowardce of the soldier but to his mora
faults. Thus
Art I declares that any soldier who shall snnr
pirate to himself the merit of another who shall n1o,
stories about his exploits or who shall exaggerap t5o
services which he may have rendered in campairr
shall be decapitated.
ARTS. 9 and 81 of this Code of Terror destined
prevent tear are not less curious:
cart g. Every soldier who shall terrify his comrad
by false stories of spirits anu demons shall be dpcn
ted The same punishment is inflicted for the reveal
tons of the secrets Of war, for excuses committed
the native foreign population, and even for Disorder
conduct of the slightest kind.
cart. 81. Any soldier who, on hearing CONRAD.
talk in his sleep, shall reply to him. and SO cause d
der in the camp shall receive from 60 to 81 blows and
non-commissoned officers shall have the ear pierced ~
arrow and shall be SO paraded through the c3mn
the offence be committed in the presence of the enemy
the punishment shall be decapitation' The Chimes
soldier is, moreover not allowed the privilege
grumbling.
cart. Is. Any soldier who shall murmur in the eya
cution of his duty in the camp shall receive from Cot
70 blows the same fault In action or repeatpd in com
shall be punished by death Such victims OF passive
obedience cannot be very dangerous. The NUMBER
defenders of the Celestial Empire u.s. however imposing
it not less than 100000 without counting the tro
Of the two Mongolias and Tibet"
The appendix to the Aimanach de Gotia for the pr.
sent year, contains long article upon China from which
we translate passage. 1t runs thus The military
organization OF China essentially differs from that OF
European nations. Each governor general or governor
has certain regiments under his command but thes
rarely enter into action. In case of war militia i
raised chiefly consisting of volunteers who hope on #
firing to obtain advantages even be elevated to tit
rank of Mandarin. There is a Wardepartment but
officers are superior to the governor of provinces Wh
there is war with the rebels this moment at Nan
king the Minister ot-War names generalin-chet ID
whom all the troops are submissive. There is no In
perlal fleet; the admras are provincial unctonaries
The Chinese army comprises reserve estimated at l.
100000 men, of which 100000 to 100000 are Chimes
100000 are MongoiianS, with 100000 Mandchoux-
The navy consists OF S26 Ships with So 637 men, com
manded by two admirals."
Yet with all this force and an immense populatoDou
of which it could be doubled Immediately the EmDer
OF China is afraid of French and English force cons,
name, H!ENFUNG, of this seventh regning Emperor
the dynasty OF the Tslngs is only nom d'Etat signtr
ing perfect felicity" 1t should be exchanged for s
Chinese equivalent of perfect pusillanimity" for The
Brother OF the Sun and Moon is evidently rank coWar
Arrival of the Overland California Mall.
ST.. LOUIS, JAN 2l.-The overland California male
the 10th ult., arrived at Maleys station to-day P0.
ticans were gathering at Sacramento preparatory
the meeting of the Legislature the I'd of January
Governor Latham's Inauguration took place Oh til
9th ut.
Ex-Gov. Weller and Gen. Denver were the leadr:
candidates for U. S. Senator
The complexion OF the Legislature had been asoi
tanned to be 93 democrats so anti LecomptonteS 3N
publicans and l whig.
The snow In Carson valley from three to five fl
deep, and the inhabitants were in great distress
Inc cattle belonging to the settlers in Harvey la5
valley were starving for want of food Hay was ST.
per ton. The Indians were dying from cold and stary
ton. Mining claims were selling at from $8ONl
$4,000 each.
Two hunters had been murdered near Humboldt
the Mattoe Indians and fourteen of the latter had m
Killed by party who went in pursuit of them
1t was reported that twenty-five pounds of gldA
arrived at Dalles from Canal river as far north as
British possessions
The advces from Washington Territory state tbatn
Assembly had passed bill to remove the seat of roT
eminent to Vancouver, but it would probably be de
leated py the council bill has been INTRODUCED D~
the Legislature to organize the disputed TERRITORY
Henry county.
The schooner Harvey, laden with o. S. governma /
stores was stove In storm on the 4th ult and tbe
go damaged to the extent of So 1000.
The British government had ordered the troopsra1
San Juan until the question was settled.
Business at San Francisco was dull Coal was j:
settled in price.
1t is said now at Mobile that the cotton crop will ant
to about 200 900 bales There rumors that gu
planters are holding back their cotton for better prices
EFFECTS OF THE SECTIONAL IrEMaNT.-NOtsI
1872 it is said, has business been more thOroughyFS
trated liz Philadelphia than at present The Ledgd' Z
yesterday, says
i. Eterallu nnhinn dninm rnnrchants 81