davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21
FRANCE.

Paris. March 5-The Nonitchr announces that
Yesterday the Minister of the United States presented
bis lettres dc cTe0nce.
The Constitutional! publishes an article signed by
lite chief editor nj. Grandgullot explaining Tue Hrohon
policy in Italy.
in mentioning the solution proposed in the message
of NJ Thouvenel NJ. Grandguillot says: " III It IS not
Sandman solution, it is an Italian one. SARDINIA VIII
possess in Tuscany an ally who will aid her TO over
come the opposition Of Naples aud lRone, IN order 10
constitute an Italian nation with the concurrence Of all
its nationates and not Italian Kingdom, absorbing
everything without considering the essential AZ
fereDses the opposing interests and the DISGUST Oh
Europe"
The London Times Paris correspondent says:
" There is a rumor among military men that the
soldiers now leave to reon their regiments as
coon as possible. 10 is said that the Imperial Ouard
will not be exempted"
The Cardinals and Prelates who are members of the
Senate have Dted TO the House petitions demand
ING the maintenance of the temporal power Of the Pope
The Bulletin des Lois publishes decree opening
the estimates of 1852 an extraordinary credit of2i60OO
francs for the payment of the expenses of the tele-
graphic service ofthe army OF Italy. The correspond
ent of The Morning Post says official teiegraphle dis
patches have reached Paris from all parts of Italy.
The Emperor's speech had not been receiver very
favoraby That the people Of Central Italy viii con-
firm the vote Of annexation to Piedmont is fully De-
heved by the Government of that country. The Times
correspondent sys there has teen complete stagna-
ton in the mercantile world during the past week.
The Paris -four market was dull last week.
PARIS March 6.-The P0tric asserts that the reply
o. Sardinia to the last dispatch of M. Thouyenel has
arrived in Paris.
The King is said to have agreed to the solution pro-
posed by France in reference TO the Romagna but as
regards the solution of the question of Tuscany, pro-
posed by the Emperor the reply Of the Kingis sad to
be less distinct The Parie adds owe are unable to
make known the exact reply of Sardinia IN reference
10 the annexation of Savoy 10 France.
TCRIS, March 6.-Chevalier Buoncompaem has re-
signed the post of GovernorGeneral
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21
HIGHLY INTERESTING INTELLIGENCE
ANNEXATION PROCEEDING IN ITALY.
Isgland will tolerate the Annexation Of
Savoy to France.
List OF THE HUSGlRIsgS PASSENGERS.

The steamship Fulton, from Southampton on the Sth
March, arrived here on Tuesday morning with three
dave later news from Europe. The Canada and Etns
arrived ct Liverpool on Sunday night, March 4.
The Bohemian arrived at Queenstown ON Wednes-
day morning, March z.
Messrs. Allen and Gillespie, the agents, have fors
warded che following hist of the passengers &C., who
were on board the Hungarian:
cabia PosssneersJ E. Wilson, Mr. and Mira Bslmer' Rev.
James Stewart Mira Woods Mr. and Mira Z. Evans Allan Cam
esOn w. Crocher w. Crocksr, Mr. Lesne, MI ana H
Talbot Or. and Mira SamAnieso, Bsuy A. b. OO'n m " y
MI Bouitphoose Mr. BOulon Mrs Dearo ana ono' W. OAR
Ieas and O ]. Nash, oBcer in charge Of mals. 49,
SseerGee Posssapers--Huga MCairsy Abraham rag "n
voe John Rich rsou Henry Richardson, T. Alien fredsfeE
Ghld. M p CHA Frederick OhDd Den MOr,son, HOH--u
Mepennott John DAILY John Delaney, VIM keriey William
Wrxh, Michael Locey Msrtn Oownea Francis IchATdson
Mhs EDes shtehan, and Patrick McGuerin
C,e.y-esilmg DepaJtrnent-W. H. Harde let officers Wm
ana a officer; Richard Porter I'd officer William Cain, 4th
osissr H. Flooding bOswsn James Bailey bostswsns mate
John Bailey NJ MPherson, A Lddle, A Phillips j. shannon
william Quinn, MMnan, Thomsy nj Lean, j. CroSs'hwaie
n Lntus David Jones' Thomas Carter John Rausden George
BeOI,y John Bennett NJ Goighy Donald, Edwards VIII
Hams oseye VISIT GreeHswAy Meuiman, p Mitchell Boyd
W. Cy.aaock Gilbert Johnston, Chorey, MCuoch, John
Bee Nelson Wakes ordinary seamen; MAXWELL BOY
ze, F,er.rtrnepsNV Stewart lst engineer; John Kean
"A enspeer A smith, "a engineers John CLARK, 18th engineers
H.sh hGunn 5h engineer; Isaac Welsh, John Caderwood
HatA Russell u. Lowe. J. Mooney, j. Boyle W. Holmes
Peter suon Henry French John Jones John Fox, Richard
MNslky Archibald M Csn John Jones, John Hanh William
Wehh Alexander Watson, Rich. MDOnald Thomas shaw
,u., l..niran T. Jsmerson Thomas Richie James Allison,
ns.yt Edwards iremen VcuAlDg Departmental h'Donad
h., ersta, J. MKtnnon second steward; Richard Thomss
John MaSSop George Edwards Alexander WaPsha~ EDWARD
Lehman. Robert James Rhodes Hugh MOregoT rhomss
Hannah ,ewsrds; Francis Duvoure and George Sesorook
Ceoh, William Preston, Baker; James Gitns, butcher; j.
inns,,n yohH Brennan Thomas Kennedy, James kenard
EAsssa MMain- Augustus Game, William HOwarh Robert
..vensou Peter Crea Stewards Edward Murphy william
Hsrroela cooks; William Prescott Richard jones' Joseph Mar
cst stewsrss T. S. Green sorekeePeri Dr. FeTgasoni
Robertson puser; Rs Csushe ewsrdess Jones' steward
The return from the Liverpool emigration agen
Yiyes: From Liverpool, crew, 80; cabin passengers
3O seerags passengers 40; from Queenstown, cabii
passengers, 10; steersge passengers 40 Total SlJ.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21

The Rev. My. Keliy--r&ave a conscientious motive.
His Lordshp--Wha. motive
The Rev. Mr.. Kelsy-I object 70 the form Of the
oath.
Lie Lordship--What il the objection
The Rev. Mr.. Kelly-That shall tell the truth, ana
nothing but the truth. must, as minister OF inc
Catholic Church, object to the part that states thas
ahall tell the whole Truth. -, !,
His Lordship-Tbs meaning of the oath is this: u
is the whole truth touching the trial which you ,e
asked which you legitimatey according 70 mw, o-.
be asked. anything is asked oil you ~ 'no for
box which the Law says ought not 70 ee sr,sr 70
instance If YOU are asked question tne aiswo, "
which might crimnate youreelf-yon would oe Si-
titled to say al object TO answer Una. a The
cause the answer might crmmste nysen, thor afcre
law would sustain the objection. iod a du,v 70 the
have no objection a loyal suoecI anu ~ uu ,L
laws Of ths country TO answer the whole truth toueh
inc Inc case which may be lawfully asked. ., az
The Rev Mr.. Kelly, after some oolee'slon .oon sne
oath in Inc usral FORM and gave the following cyl
Ssnss have been twelve years Catholic priest at the
Wiling. On Christmas day received the watch pro-
0U nv Mr. Headlam-FrOm whom did You receive that
Witnes-I received it in connection with the con-
fessonal.
His Lordship-You are not asked at present to dis
cose any thing stated to you in the confessional you
are asked simple fact-fr0m whom did you receive
that watch which you gave TO the policeman
Wtness-Tbe reply to that question would implicate
the person who gave me the watch therefore canuot
aDswe, il. If answered 1t, my suspension ior lie
would be a necessary consequence | should DE va,
laiipg the laws Of the Church, AZ well as inc hiura
laws.
His Lordsbip-I have already told you plainly /
cannot enter mo this question. All can say is, you
are bound 20 answer, "From whom did you receive
that watch r. On the ground l have stated to you,
you are not asked to disclose anything that pentent
may have said to you in the confessional. That You
are not asked to disclose; but you are asked to dis
close from whom you received stolen property on the
18th of December lat Do you answer it, or do you
not
Witness-I really cannot, my lord.
His Lordshp-Then adiudge You TO be guilty OF
contempt of Court, and order You to be committed tc
ial. To the officer of tie Court Take hm into
custody.
The reverend witness was accordingly removed in
custody of policeman.
After hearing the other Witnesses in the case, the
Jury returned verdict of "Gulty" against the prs
oner, but recommended him to mercy. He was sen'
fenced to six months Imprisonment, with hard labor.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21
THE LYNN STRIKE.
{ Inn Y Ttihnnf.

To he Editorof The ~ y Tribune
SIR: Your structures in THE TRIBUNE of the 18th
inst on a remark made at the meeting of the working
men held In this city few days since, have reference
i suppose, to the remarks / then made, that eve
wished nothing to do with Socialist schemes, are cal
culaed to give wrong impression.
My remark was based upon the opinion that the meet
ing was called for the purpose Of assisting the shoe
makers of Lynn in gaining that which 1t Is evident they
desire--increased uages.
That land think | am right, too was the object Of
the meeting.
Had we been called upon for the purpose Of offering
advice or debating political questions, |" Socialist
chemes, or other matters, for should have been
greatly pleased TO listen 10 the discussion.
But eould We reasonably-having object In view
wander of in an entirely different direction, mslead
ing those that present. and allowing those that
not TO form all sorts Of opinions to what really
was the object Of the meeting! Using the language
did, simply wishedt TO call the attention OF the speaker
from that which did not concern TO that chteh did.
The Lynn shoemakers know what they want and
wa wished To find out whether we could could not
assist them and that alone should have claimed our
attention.
Permit me TO assure you that no person would be
more gratifed than i II the shoemakers wonld take
your advice, and act enough like men to carry II OUT
but Of their capacity to act ntegently Tor their oehe
iii have doubts.
have read rnE TRIBUNE from It's commencement,
and testify with what earDesiness yon have WORKED
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21

frank citizens to mahe trial in order 70 strengthen
vet more the night Of the people and OF the nation.
can give the assurance, that whatever your vote
mas be. the King and his Government are resolved TO
raspect IT, and cause j. 10 be respected.
Consequently, in virtue Of the full powers legally
conferred on me- i publish decree, by which sub
mt to universal suffrage direct and secret, these two
propositioDss
King. Victor Emanuel H." or a separate kingdom"
inf abitants Of the Emilia Yon have the full and
entire liberty of voting. Let every citizen act for him
self and IN the Of that sovereign God who is the
Lord of kings and peoples in the uPrghtness Of his
conscience and in the penitude of his freedom, let
him choose which ever OF the two sides he shall deem
most useful TO his country.
When your vote shall have been duly recorded my
task viii be accomplished, and shall loyfully lay
down the power confded TO me by you. Yon gave me
Distinct and clear mandatei Iaccepted with faith
in Gods justice, in our right, in your virtue have
discharged j. with fImress; / have governed in &C.
cOrdance with public opinion and not that Of parties
have governed with the sole view OF realizing the end
been the only guides of my policy. ,,
(sgDed) FAkINi.
BoloGHd March ], 1850
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21
EXECUTION OF STEEENS AND RAZ.
LETT

Fcom The Chsrls,tovn Spirit Qf JcSer.oa, Msrcs l6
Another, and it is hoped to be the final, act in the
Harper s-Ferry tragedy, has been enacted and Aaron
d. Stevens and Albert szett have been sen, 10 that
bourne from which no traveller returneth." Although
il is known that at least folr of the Brown party vet
remain unwhpped Of justice, still the desire s that no
blood be she'd and that the remaining wrstches
be FERN tilted to wander through the world with the
sting of guilty conscience and scorned by all honest
men, rather than our county shall be made the theaey
Of another season Of excitement.
The approach Of the day Of execution seemed
to have little effect on the prisoners, and for the past
few days they were unusually cheerful-Stevens de-
carDg il his wish TO be free, and therefore desired
the day for HIS execution to arrive Mrs. Pearce the
sister Of Stevens, with him mp 10 yesterday morn
ing, aud made ine impression on all with whom she
was thrown by her lacyhke department and conduct
On Thursday Mrs Dunbar of Ohio arrived IN town.
1t ssaid she engaged TO be married 70 Ssvens ~
the time Of the Harpers Ferry invasion, ia hss oore
sponded with him since his imprisonment Ia tns o"h'
She is a lady Of much Intelligence ana oeaosy' $1,000,
A brother of IIazlott, who resides ID Armstrong
Comfy PENN also arrived few days ago ana wA
present with his brother until yesterday morhns. ne
advised Uaylett 10 make full confession OF me con-
necion with the Brown party ana counsesu Nun %
abandon all hope OF reprieve Oh communication OF
Y@stcrday morning the table SCI in The passage
for The criminals 10 eat, and seated around We're inc
two men who, in lew hours, were 70 20 iaan, ,ss
into r., Inity sister, aud betrothed OF one, ana ,no
brother of the other. A solemn feast, and one WHICH
WA. s,eminpy enjoyed by but twt-the eondemneo.
Aftcr the breakfast had been paraken o., the irenas
of the criminals bace them long arewe'l anu
carriage for HaTpers Ferry " here they renlHHse
che bodies Of tho executed reached tha. place.
Az II o'clock the field on which the seaao,s VS.
erected was occupied by large number Oh peO.ss,
siill larger number, however, remaining - n,hssn
accompany the sad procession. Col. Joan =. oaoson
was IN command Of the military, wheel mide may,
niieon display. The following compascs were posecu
around the csold before the arrival OF The pFsele"'
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21
FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL.

Tie Times City AIticlel Of March u, gays: The
publication of the dispatch Of the French Foreign Minister
he a Italy ne general tenor Of e: contents is C wa.
d 70 Ts
ESahsnge from the Continent present rather better
Hsmbnrr the rate Is cny 4 per cent and a Frankfort u
There was no withdrawal of gold from the Bank on
The Bombay telegram to-day announces the long
sypectedspone 10 the buoysn prices Of Indian securities
ionI per cents from 5Ses on The i've per cents from s
ga end On @ ys End hall per cs1 from M @ At
there had been sepeal ise Of betwees and pr
bali pr loan had been elosod under these
supplies that viii be sent the London market
Tin TEA TRiDE March 5-The deliveries in Lon
don estimated for the week a9+ $40 H. which increase
Of 20 5i2 ID compared with the previous statement.
The folio Wing is from The Times city article) Of
March Although the discussion Of las. evening on the Savoy
spsneS ;6 ms,niDs 4 fractional improve men which has
been maintained to the close Copso LETT Of Yesterday at s
ana 81. asiI foi the 18th April.
In The Fo,eign market there has been more activity
AID occasionally an advance has taken place The a price
from PsIa was OF 9S showing fractional rise in the for
eg Exchanges Tuesday eoon the rates ON Amsterdam and
The aggregate Australian gold known TO be at sea
SI n Pssry la. adsurss to S1 s
At a meeting OF the Great Ship Company resou-
ton raise additional capital In III cent preference
shes OF 81 each redeensbe In two years. at 70 cent pre-
American Securities unaltered.
LIVERPOOL CoTToN MARKET, March D and 1.-THE
business transacted in Cotton for the two days has been
ally small sud the sale, barely reach 900 baesaoo on sPeeu
a,ion and for export Prices without change
LOSDoE CoRs MARXLT, March 1.-The market was
dull AZ the rates OF last week
LIVERPOOL Corn AND BREADsTUFFs MApEET,
March 6Tbe business dul today and quite Of retail
Wheat and Flour maintained the prices OF this day
wcet Oats una,eTed Barley, Beans and Peas without
change IN value demand Indian Corn In moderate
suesi rather lower prices Caaz aud odessa being in
some cases. sold at 1916 y ii0 ID.
LONDON PRoDUCE AND Provision MARKET, March
6-Tea heavy Sugar 6m Coffee inactive Rice hrm. Mo-
ses upateIeJ. sstpeteT fat TAow quiet at CO. the spot
80 the month Spirits Of TurpentDe 81 dJ Tor Ameri
car. Scotch Pig Iron 80 JQJ9I Y tun.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21
AUSTRIA.

vienna, March 5-The official Wiener ZetHne
will publish tomorrow the following programme Of
reforms sanctioned by the Emperor:
",Ibe Council Of the Empire will be augmented by
the nomination of Extraordinary Councillors selected
from among persons of known ability and by the NOM
nation OF 81 Ordinary Councillors chosen from List
TO he presented by tue Provincial Diets.
"The 81 Ordinary Councillors will be reelected
every six years.
"Tbe Council of the Empire will examine the budget,
control laws relating to financial Matters laws of gen.
era interest pro ecs for the formation Of the Provn
cial Diets AMI all questions submitted to its deibera
ton by the Emperor. Until the convocation Of the
Provincial Diets the Emperor will complete the Coun-
Gil of the Empire by appointing persons of great dis
tinction on the basis OF population"
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21
ANNEXATION IN CENTRAL ITALY.

The following is translation Of Farini's proclama-
ton 10 the inhabitants Emilia:
The King has convOBed the colleges for the election
OF the deputies. We aught TO act in such way, II
the national will remains constant 10 its determinations
that the deputies Of these provinces may be able 10 be
legally elected and received into the National Parlia-
ment. II was great benefit for Italy when the mag
unanimous Emperor Of the French descended with his
heroic troops TO maintain, the ally of the King, the
war Of independence.
The benefit was no less great when lie secured and
established after the victories the principle OF nom
Intervention. Thus 20 advantage, his memorable
words were realized that Italy was 10 be for the
Italians. In moments of uncertainty firm in you faith
in him, you have only taken counsel of honor, being
well resolved 10 resist at all cost the restoration Of the
fallen government, and you have acclaimed Victor
Emanuel who has long regned over the hearts Of the
multituder.
company with the fugitive sovereigns. The people
avenged old and insults by forgiveness; thanks 10
order discipline and coDsancy the peoples show them
selves worthy of living FREE An army was organized
at the time capable not only OF repeng the mer-
cenares raised by the pretenders in vile purieus but
also OF dispensing them. The respect due to benevo-
lent mower and the practical appreciation OF the gene
raj political situation couDseed forbearance in the face
of caumnious hypocrisy and rash provocations.
Europe became convinced that the fallen govern
ents had no other bass than foreign force that with
ont foreign force they could be neither restored nor
sustained that the resoratoDs would give rise 70 con-
tinual and profound disturbances, ana una, agans.
Them the public conscience reyolted in such manner
tbat every man of honor would feel hself justified in
resOrting TO desperate ac,s.
Bat while In Italy il was proclaimed that anheAa"
ton was the sole ecacious mode OF Satisfying inc poo
pies and seeming tranquility elsewhere there was ap.
psrently the belief that this end could be better aaln
ed by orgaDziDga separate kingdom, consisting OF all
the free provinces, or Of part Of them ana II was
thought that after The cessation Of the pre1dces, In
the midst of whic the assemblies had deberated the
principle OF Donntervention being secured, order rest
ing hrmy spirit Of universal moderation, mat II
would be both prudent and liberal measure TO con.
will. e''
we who think thst authority ia only legidmatey
pSse1 Cd reason nftce the will and content Of the
peoples we have deemed II ineumbsa on, me- free aud
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21

foT The benefit Of the worklpgmen, aud you deserve
their thanks.
Trust you will 60 me the favor 10 psrmit the absye
10 sppeaT IN your paper, aud 0olige
YOsn, RUFUS x REYNOLDS !.
I'VE still think the remarks objecsed TO By Mr.. Rev.
node were pertinent, and that while It was proper "a
mske the raising Of money for the strikers the main
business Of the melting il was competent also 70 midi.
cate that the true andasng remedy forthe evils under
which the shoemakers s'ler was something quite other
than unesrned contributions cooperation among
ii emeeIves to produce shoes and direct dealing with
the shoe wearing public in the disposal Of them-EaJ
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21
ITALY.

SUSDAY, March 4.--On the occasion OF the anniver.
sary of the PRONUNCIATION of the Sandman Constitution,
manifestations were made by the Piedmonese party in
the Italian Theater. demonstration also took place
in the French Theater, where the population Of Nice
demanded the Ode Napoiienne, and the RENE
Hoytense," which were performed amid enthusiastic
applause, and shouts of Vica Fimgeratore J" V'oa
fAnae7zione % The situation of the country is very
critical.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21
AFRICA.
DIR. INCONSISTENCIES EXpEDITION

DR. LINiNGbIONES EAPEDlIIDS.
The following very interesting communication has
lust been received by Mr.. William Logan OF Glasgow,
from DIR. Livingstone brother, Mr.. Charles Living
stone: - 49,
"KosGoSE, Mouth Of Zambesi, Dec. 1859.
an, DER FRIISD: We have explored the river
Shire 10 lie source ia the great lake NyasSa The river
s about 900 miles long and has deep channel for IL
miller from lie Donth. A series Of rapids then CON-
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21
THE SECRECY OF THE CONFESSIONAL.

NORTHERN CIRCUIT.-DURHAH, March 5-CHoWS "
CouKT Before Mr. Justice Hill
The court sat a. 10 O'Clock this morning.
William Hay, - pitman, was charged with roboing
Daniel Kennedy Of silver watch, at JarTow, on the
9Th Of December laSt.
Mr.. Heaalam prosecuted; Mr. Dawson defended
the prisoner.
On the 24th Of December the prosecutor had been
drinking a. The Bee swing publchouse, in TIE Telling,
and LEFT about II o'clock at night. On his way home,
the ground being very slippery, he fell down. and was
assisted 70 he feet by the prisoner and three other
men. They walked short distance together but the
prosecutor feeling the prisoners hand Ia Ms pocket
told him 70 take t ont, which he did Ths men then
endeavored 10 get the prosecutor TO 90 a Iona way
with them, but be refused, and walked awav bv HIM
self After having left the prisoner and the othsy men
he proceeded on his way home. When he had oene -
short distanse he was joined by a man named
M'(,ormaDd who struck him blow on the eve viii
q stick or morgan RATHER without the least proyoca
Ton. The prisoner Hay then joined NJ Gormand, and
kept bold Of the prosecutors hands while the other
roISed him of his watch and i5s. In silver.
Insnsctor Rogers, by whom the prisoner was appre-
AsDde5 stated that from information be received be
wsrt 10 DE house of the Rev. John Kelly, Ro nan
CafhoK, priest, from whom he received watch,
.hIeh the prosecutor identified as his property.
ne cder of the Court was about to adninister the
18th % he Rev. John Kelly the next witness IN the
80. when tie reverend gentleman sa1o, May i, my
Isrd address few words TO you Z!
Ne Lcgdship--Wbat have you 70 say
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21
MOROCCO.

MMcn 3.--Gep. Echa2ne has commenced for
ward movement from Sersllo, but il liz not known In
what direction.
Marshal O'Donnell has cent 10 Madrid the cannon
taken at Tetuan.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-03-21

The following is accurate synopsis of an act TO
establish and regulate ferries between the City of
New-YoIk and Staten leland:
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-08-01

TUST received assortment Of Pull Bosom shs win and
- without eollars bosons Isn Cambria and Bishop Lasn
Also. snail LOT Of shirts with hne embroidered bOsona
apis j n NeqILL
Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1860-08-01
Fresh PEACHES.

NoR the balance Of theyear Servant cooking
A flashing for small family. Apply 70 tas oEcs-