The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1860-07-14
MORE AROIIT THE Z0UAVrS

proper understanding of the entire extract is the
part 'tdticised, which the oppositionists omit
Wash. Constitution
MORE ABOUT THE ZOUAVES.
| In view OF the expected arrival in the Eastern
| States of the celebrated Zouave Cadets. of Chi.
| cago, the following particulars in regard to the
origin of the French Zouaves that attracted SO
large share of public attention, and excited the
admiration, not only OF Europe, but of this coun.
try through their deeds of bravery and their bril-
| liant achievements during the late Crimean war
and still more recently during the Italian campaign
might be of interest to many of our readers When
IN the year OF $780, after the recall of Gen. Bour
mont the conqueror of Algiers, General Clahzel
was appointed cOmmander-in-c chief of the army OF
occupation, the latter took at once particular pains
| to regulate the internal affairs of the newly con-
| quered colony, and to affect better understand
| ing between the conqueror and the Indigenous by
| making those barbarians acquainted with Euro
| pean manners and habits. One of the best means
towards the accomplishment of this end. he thought
would be the establishment of several batalions of
indigenous troops, and accordingly orders were
| issued to form two battaons of infantry and two
| 'escadrons" of cavalry, from the latter of which
at latter day, the 'Spahis' originated, a cavalry
corps consisting OF Arabs, that through their ac
qualntance with the country and the inhabitants
| proved of great service to the French.
The two battaons of infantry above mentioned
| received the name "Zouaves," after an indepen
stantne, called "ZOuavuas" one of the most war
| like and formidable tribes, that, in former DAYS
used to sell their services to the Turkish rulers o
| Algers, and constituted the terror of the plain.
during the invasons that the ''Deys" would under
take, year after year. for the collection of forced
contributions. But the French, instead of really
| negotiating with these warike tribes and of re
eruiting the two battalions above mentioned from
the warriors OF the same, enlisted number Of
vagabonds picked up in the streets of Algiers thai
were good for nothing. The French officers who
were charged with organizing those battalions saw
yen eeh taat a their recruits they hat
| serted In great numbers, and when at the same
time the war assumed wider proportions and com
meneed to be considered, on the part of the Arabs
| and kabyles, as a holy war against the infidels
the idea of enlisting indigenous was relinuuished
and the places of the deserters in those battalion
were filled by Frenchmen. The name "Zouaves,'
however, has been retained up to this day.
The formation of a CORPS of infantry consist.
ing entirely of indigenous, was, however, at a
later day accomplished by the organization of the
"IIrallleurs indigenous" and these under the name
! OF "Turkos'' given to them by the French army
| have played conspicuous part in the late wars OF
the French, especially in Italy. Among the Zou-
| aves there were even fifteen years ago only few
if any, TirailArabs. That corps has been recruit.
ed since that time from the best and most hardened
soldiers, and none received but those that had
| served at least seven years in Africa. Thus the
Iouaves soon became the select and most efficient
| troops of the African army. Their uniforms con.
sisted at that time about fifteen years ago, of blue
| Turkish jackets, without standing collars, loose
| red Turkish pants, extending down to the knees,
shoes and short leggings, and these, leggings
OF yellow leather, that covered the legs from the
| knees to the ankles. For a headcovering they
| used the Turkish "FeZ" which by means of green
shawl wound around it, is transformed into a
''Iurban." Their arms were those of the French
infantry, musket and bayonet, and their exercises
the same as those of that body of troops. Recent
ly, however, Louis Napoleon has done a great deal
towards the perfection and still greater efficiency
| of the Zouaves. The musket has been disposed of
and the rifle taken its place. and their handling of
the bay0net is truly marvellous 1t is principally
their skill in the use of this weapon that max es
the Zouaves so formidable, and during the late war
In Italy their attacks with the bayonet proved al
| most invariably irresistible.
| MONUMENT TO Mr.. CALHoUN.-The Charleston
| Mercury gives the following description of de-
| sign for monument to be erected to the memory
| of Hon. John G. Calhoun, under the auspices of
the Ladies' Calhoun Monument Association. 1t is
to be about ninety feet in height, and consists of
double flight of six stairs each, rising from the
ground to platform. On the ground, the oc-
cupied is fifty feet rectangle. Midway the steps
is fence. on the corner posts of which placed
statues emblamatic of Liberty Justice, Eloquence,
and the Constitution. On the platform is erected
a cenotaphic or mausoeum chamber, twelve feet
square inwardly, and surrounded outwardly by a
colonnade of twelve Corinthian columns fifteen feet
in height. This chamber presents glass doors on
each side, over which is an inscription panel. A
parapet crowns this little house, from the centre of
which the column proper rises A rectangular die
the beauty of its ornamentaton. One face presents
an elegant carved represent tion of the coat-of-
arms OF South Carolina; second, those of the Uni
ted States; third, the emblems of Odd Fellowship
The cylindrical column, forty feet in height
springs from the top. The lower half is plain,
save the funeral wreaths which tastefuy enrap it:
the upper hafis futed. 1t terminates in Corin-
THAN capital of exceeding richness which is sur
mounted by parapet, from which rises colossal
statue of Calhoun, on plain pedestal. The statue
Is an original conception, twelve feet in height,
and represents Mr.. Calhoun, in classic robes with
his right arm extended upwards, and the right
The PRESENT FINANCIAL CONDITION OF THE CouN-
TRY.-The United States have never before in their
history accumulated so much real wealth. or added
so much to their active available capital, they
have done since the panic of 1857 The reasons are
apparent. The credit of the United States in gen.
era, was Indifferent and limited: Western credit
was bad, almost annihiated. This limited credit
compelled trading for cash short time; compelled
buyers to limit their purchases to their immediate
wants; compelled labor and economy. The results
have been moderate amount sold, reasonable
profits realized and heavy losses large stocks of
merchandise carried over and bad debts avoided
Speculation has been dead. The w all street specu-
iations, We, of course except, as their numerical
lnsig nhcance, does not entitle them to place in
hauo esumate. The people of the United States
nav nave 1een working and not specializing since 1857
Inc ABUSE OF credit is the great bane of the United
Sta'es commerce. The worse American credit is,
the the more real wealth will the nation realize -
mir
and speculative Wall street stocks NAV enrich tb
few, but they impoverish and demoraiizethe mil.
hon. They are inventions of the adroit schemar
to sponge the community of its hard earned wealth
These schemers, as like ".Solon,on's lilies tbev
"toi not, neither do they spin," and vet thew con-
trive to revel in good things of this EARTH and are
ac'e erpounders Of theories by ,chich every man can
become rich. The lessons of 1856 and 1857 and the
unexampled prosperity of the United States at this
present mement, ought to teach the people wisdom
and preserve them against the wies of these fluent
World.
LIGHT STEAMER.-A neat little steamer-tbe Jack
son, of Mariana, Florda-is just completed and
now loading at the Monongahela wharf for the
South. The Jackson was built under the superin
tendence of Capt. Dan Fry, her commander, for
the Mariana and Appalachicola Steamboat Com
pany and is intended to navigate the Chipola river
"a river never before navigated by steamboat
She is of light draught, trimming on less than
twelve inches, and having capacity to stow away
five hundred bales of cotton. Her cabin is very
neat and furnished in true southern style and has
all the late Improvements in her general outfit to
make her the boat for the packet trade she is in
tended for.-PiHsburg Despatch, July IL.
EXPLOSION BOILER AT NoRFoLK-On We'd
nesday afternoon, about halfpast four O'Clock, a
most destructive explosion a sfaop ho;lar tool,