, 1860-04-20

The effect o! the emigration has been to in
crease the production Of sugar from g 600 tons
in 1888, to 1890 in 1855. The great increase
in the number Of female. shows the increased
nently. 1t has not been the policy Of the Amer
Gun government to place obstacles in the way
Of such intelligent and voluntary emigration.
But the Chinese coo!ic trade as il is con-
duct.d, is not "trads'' between emigrant aul
ship-luaster, the cooic is seldom party to the
contract, but the subject Of contract made by
other parties, seeking unlawful gain BY tue prac.
the moment Of his capture be Is slave, in no
respect different from that which the African
SLAYER makes bis victim. II is this 'trade" into
which the committee have made inquiry, the
cruelties Of which hare startled the Christian
world.
The laws at present in force are those Of Feb.
ruary @, l647, and March 3, 1S49. The intent
Of The laws was, evidently, to protect American
portsfrom diseases engendcred on crowded res
sells, The provisions Of these laws should be
made to apply to American vessels carrying
passengers into ports other than those OF the
United States; but the total prohibition Of the
trade by American vessels should be made in
mediately. ,..
The trade is Of recent origin, and commenced
about the time when the laws against the Afri-
can trade were most stringently enforced. It
was engaged in by merchants in the Atlantic
cities Of hi.h honor and integrity without sus'
picion Of wrong in the shipment Of coolies from
china to Cuba and the Brazils.
In January, 1856, the honorable Peter Parker.
Commissioner and Minister Plenipotentiary Of
tie United States to China, issued, in accord.
ance with instructions from this Government,
"public Notification" calling upon all clti.
zen; Of the United states to desi5t from the
tra.ls, as against the Chinese law, and subject
ing offenders to heavy penalties. This notltica.
ton is given in the report, as also a letter from
Mr. Parker to Messrs. Sanford aad Tappau,
showing that it wns in accordance with his in-
structions from the Government Of the United
States.
The report gives IN account Of the sutfering5
and treatment Of . cargo Of 40 coolies on IN
] American ship which put in at Manila, on the
:.5th Of October, 1855. The coolies, supposing
they had arrived 4. their destination, wanted
to 20 ashore, and tried to get possession OF the
boats. The master fired among them, and tue
crew armed themselves, drove the coolies be-
low and closed the Aatches. When the matches
were rcopened, some twelve or fourteen hours
afterwards, it WIS discovered that nearly 31l
Of the unfortunate beings had persisted from
sufocation. The captain said the reason o1
sending them below was Tor fear Of being oyer'
! powered; ind be had no idea but there vas all
enough between decks.
The coolies are procured by purchase, and
orc Us truly the subject OF barter nuu sale as tn:
negroes on the coast of Africa. Natiye Chinese
| are eupIoyed to entice them from their homes
! such as may be persuaded flo.n hope Of prof
| to leave their friends. These men are employed
| by "brokers," who deal with the shipmasters
| The ''brokers" send their eu.issaries into al
| parts Of the country in search Of men and boys
| who NAV be deceived By all manner Of false pre-
| tences to place themselves in the hands Of mel
| who are as renorscless as death. They ar
sometimes .beguiled, and sometimes kidnnp
ped:
| tanned, but dizg,ise inpertectly cocceats th
| fact Of slavery. "The men being iuycicl.d int
! barbariau houses and ships, are publicly sold
| When once among them they cannot understand
| their gibberish, and they Gre kept in close con
finement. They may inplorc heaven, and thei
tears may wet the Garth. but their complaint
are uttered in rain' They are often sold 70
| 800 per head.
| A]ettcr dated Hong Kong, December le 1852
| says:-"TLe coolie trade has lost nocc OF its &C
tiyity or horrors. The slaye trade on tue coas
| Of Africa is not more atrocious, while the tior
rors ofthc middle passage embrace the Chin
| Of the Atlantic only. The great centre Of th
! traffic are Annoy q port about two hundred mile
north Of Hong Kong, aud Macao, the old Portu
| cuese town on the Canton river, where barra
coous are erected, and dealers have their rrsi
dences, who nuke their arrangements with pi
| rates and others to secure r00lleS DE promise
however false, or violeuce,if If that is necessary
Others are captured while guilty asleep in ,hci
jnnks, and imprisoned until the ship Ii ready L
sail, not wi,hstanding entreatlcs and protesta
tions or their feeble resistance
i letter dated Dec. II, 1850, alludes to tn
Liberation by the people Of $50 coolies and tn
behcading Of fifteen " brokers" and the farthe
fact that the authorities we're taking measure
to suppress the trade. Tie particulars Of th
recent terrible mutiny Of one thousand eoolie
aboard the ship Norway, Of New York, Capt
Miller, between Macoa nnl uavana, is giyen q
length. The facts are fresh in the minds Of th
public. Thirty Of the coolies were shot an
ninety wounded before they were subdued, Il,
fight lasting from six in the eTening until day
light tic next morning. The committee regre
tue difficulty to obtain correct statistics but giE
The following furnished By q lnemher Of th
New York Chamber Of Commerce, and Is bs
lieved to be an approximation to the true imPor
into the single port Of Cuba:
Oyer fifty thousand coolies hare been slippc
for Cuba in the past eight years. According
correct sources the following is list Of vessel
which brought Asintic colonists to Cuba fro1
1s47 to the 18th Of September, 1852:
| AyERAar OF yEt.Kls AND Ex1ozAS1s.