The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-01-07

course which you pursue and you condemn but hold
themselves duty bound to follow H. IL Is simply ths
That spariacus struggled 10 free white men, not
negroes"
10 tho early days of this rcpnbnc slavery univer
sally recognized MS EVIL, whereof, indeed the sudden
abolition might prove remedy worse than The disease
but OF which The gradual extnguishent desired and
pelsi by eminent Southern men, as more deeply inte
rcs,ed IN the question, than by Northern men. They
night justly doubt the expedcncy safety Of hber
ard without prepar alton slave population
concentrated few States and amounting to about
fifth OF the population Of the Union. But they did no.
think the negroes 81 IN mass for emancipation, they did
doubt The negroes capacity az being htted for the
toDal Joy ment OF freedom Ills mprovidcnce ami idle
ness were supposed be the natural result OF scrvude
and II was believed that like ether whom oppres
had debased, be would with it, removal assert his
manhood and learn 10 walk alone.
But raced discussion of this SUBJECT by tue Ngnt
Of increased inv stpaton and by the experience OF sub
sequept events has entirely altered these convic-
tons and substituted for them others at which 1t may
sad that should have arrived, but yet not ra
oualy 10 be- avoided These convictions 70 which the
most ennent southern men Who formerly advocated
emancipation, became reluctant converts, nov universal
y entertained the South aud shared by largo numbers
or intelligent the free States that the negro
has different and In respects inferior menta
Organization certainly 10 the Caucasian race and probably
70 other and that he Is wanting in natural capacity
To these conclusions they have been led by nvesga-
ton Of the conc,io OF the 10 Africa by his history
the Northern free States Of this Union In Africa. the
negro, according Egyptian paintings at least four ave
Thousand years old 10 which double that age has re-
period In contact with civilization He still unchanged
IN type and IA condition.
Ihe cultivation OF the Egyptian, OF the fersap OF the
Greek, OF the Carhaseran OF the Roman, ana OF the
Arab, have left him what they found him, barbarian
Since tho Declaration Of American Independence left
to himself IL Hayti with the advantage Of large number
q hiehly educated nan breeds to direct him. you know
gIotesque otspo,ism and virtual servtude which Sou
ouqne imposed been SUPERSEDED BY the Presidency OF
Gerard (sad 10 be bright exception to bis race) when
you have hdcous sample Of Hayden civilization in the
uni recedepica murder of his unonendpg sbter.
In the West India Islands the negro has rich lands
oopgenis climate and protection against self imposed
dtspotsm slavery IN Cauaa and n the free States Of
the North he is surrounded by highly civilized
wbo hun coon.enance, sympathy and aid Yet
what every where thu result? Left himself he falls
into bar bar'sn. cespo,ism and virtual y,ude.
Free, surrounded Jy white cviizaiicn he undergoes
ply sinks into iieness,
paupefism and crime.
hence !. been assumed that he is wanting in the
capacity both Tor self government aud the enjoy ment
OF freedom in beneficial TO himself, be.
wiling, under coercion, to labor, aud de-
oent in providence and forelhousht necessary to sustain
ndpf ndert exsie &c north Of the cs or to prevent
This convection is enterained and acted on by that
white popuato Of the South who acknowledge the ca
racity ( the Gness) for self government 10 every
man OF the so called Caucasicn race, whether Teu.onc
Celtic, Latin, Sclavonc, Greek, Tartar, or Ssmetc
Hence they extend to him the hand of Fellowship and,
Go DC al g S rs
privileges in fact until the recent Chinese immigration
INTO California, tie right Of creed, color,
race is the negro rot the African nor vet the black
not the Copt nor yet the dark skinned Hindoo with
straight hair Caucasian profile. Exclusion from the
white privileges EXTENDS only TO the negro and he
only be, has ever been within the Union lawfully
ne Of e is BY &
stead of ha,, by a REGULAR odor and by a dsnctve
Of the brain when microscopicaly examined In
bondage he was found by the present generation of
southern white men, having been originally imported by
spain under the auspices of the benevolent Las Casa by
France and by England, into their then colonies,
transferred by the Northern States the Southern when
tho former republics, finding slavery Improbable in the
North, abolished by and got rid Of the negro
without by allo wing their citizens 70 sell him to
the Southern planters Always known by those acquain
as in physical characteristics from the white and other
rates. the belief has become prevalent South, and s
pidy spreading in the North that these characteristics
least some kind Of tatelage.
distinguished Northern jurst-Mr. Charles O'Conor-
pressed the opinion that the negro requires for his own
good the same restraints that the law enjons
ana authorizes over minors up TO the age OF twenty one
or be might have added allows and enorces throughout
life, for their benefit, people Of deficient intel
lect
Whilst european serfdom In its varying phases, from
ungated slavery to the enforcement Of portion Of the
sers ator, bias shown that the white will never
work efficiently under coercion with free labor tho
experience Of the last sixty years proves that the
negro cannot be alured by the fruinuness Of Southern
without coercion. Yet nature has not only endowed
him with aptitude for physical cxeron, but he thrves
better Under than IN dlencss Too far removed above
stnct Of the ant the beaver the bee he Is to
be too low in the human family to have reasoning power
enough for proracted or provdent exerton. Hunger,
like master oversecr may obge him 10 work to.
day and induce him to look week month ahead but
IS sag 70 DC as rare 70 nnd negro who could look and
woik ahead Tor season as 70 ind culvator Of another
race VINO w9ua isi 70 90 TO- Hence where straw hat
and breech cloth DO not suffice for clothing and where
the earth beneath tropc sun Is not yielding perpetual
crop pan,ans, vans OF orcadIrut a. must lean at
pest without master, upon white civilization In the
few instances where he energies from the pauperism
which, without the white man, would starvation he be-
comes barber domestic servant, oyster seller, cook
perhaps whtewasher-occupaions which, without the
white rams industry and forethought, would have no
existence.
1t is universally asserted and believed in the South that
the average lot Of the negro Slave on Southern planta
ton happier than that OF the negro in any other place
or condition. and frequently his lot is exultngly con-
rasted with that OF the poor white operative or aborer
southern plantation is at least less unhappy than the negro
left to himself in Hayt or IL Africa, than the free
negro ia Canada in the Northern States of the Union or
In jamaica Neither deny that he is better fed
better Clothed better cared for and merrer than nine