Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1860-05-16

States, s6,663, ,603; in the Slave States, a
s2.676,17S. The white population at the {
same period was in the free States, H. il
S42, ,279; in the slave States, 6,llS,SO8. t
The number of scholars in colleges, acade- a
mics, and public schools, was in the free i
States, 2,s78, ,29l; and in the slave States 8
only 6S7,S91. The number of free white 8
persons, over the age of twenty-One, at this $
period. who could not read or write, was IN s
the free States, 1l,036; in the slave
States, sos, ,346. i
The Postmaster Generals report Of this
wear. to which 1 have before referred, 4
shows the following facts: total annual
transportation of mails in these free States,
3s.773,l l54 miles, at an annual cost Of Ss,- :
I27.O6O; in these slave States, 37,Ol7,-
511. at an annual cost of s4,745,329; be-
ing carried in the free States l,765,6+3
miles further, at cost Of sl,6lS'269 less
than in the slave States.
The postal expenditures for the same
period were as follows: in the free States,
s5,513,169,6S; in the slave States, So
942, ,O92,65; and receipts, as follows IN
the free States. s5,O52,958. IA; in the slave
States, 81, ,9OS, S,OS7,9S. The expeu ditures
in the slave States being s428, ,932, 81 more
than in the free States, and the receipts
S3.I44,92O,I6 less. The table which l
have prepared will show the result in each
State, and a comparison can Be instituted
severally or in the aggregate, and the re-
suit will be about the same.
If the system of slavery, as it exists in
: the fourteen slave States l have nam ed, is
: right-best for the master and slave-and
one to be fostered and encouraged upon the
principles of humanity and true political
economy, why is it that these slave States
compare so unfavorably, severally and in
e the aggregate, with the free States l have
: named? l think it would be well for some
: of the acknowledgement advocates Of
e slavery upon this floor to answer this ques-
e ton, and others of a similar import which
:; might be put to them, relative to the effect
!, of slavery upon the prosperity Of the slay'
!, States, instead of applying to us, who Op
e pose the system, all the unparliamentar.
0 billingsgate which a bad taste and WOrs
v temper can suggest. The disparity be tWeel
E freedom and slavery is too Uniform to b
4, accidental. have only given fewof 'th
: actual results of slavery, which might b
y 'industriOusly paraded as clouds Of witness
<. es against the institution The censu
ic statistics now being collected will shOV
d more unfavorabiy against slavery thai
/ those of 1850, and every returning decad
], will widen the gap between freedom an
<, slavery. The reason is too obvious to nee
of argument to show it. Slave labor Is force
s and mere hand labor, and has none OF tn
al motives of reward which stimulate Lee u
Of Dor, and the consequence is, that slave Ia
3, Dor does not originate, and cannot bring t
al its aid, the numberless labOr-saYing inven
- tions which have contributed 50 much t
J. the industrial enterprise and prosperity Q
le the free States.
I refer the gentleman from Alabam
e IMr. CURRY1 to the Patent Office fo
> rclouds Ofwitnesses against the institution.
er Slavery is war of one class Of the con
Mt munity against the other, and slavehOld
I'd ing States are constantly in a state of wal
W and are, in fact, under the terrors Of maj
y tial law. Their means are wasted in p;
is troll serveilance and overseeism. The hi!
Ill tory of the free and slave States in TIL
ne country shows to my mind cOnclusivell
tie what ethical writers have eontended to
IN true, that Just dealing, for States as well a
- for individuals, is the best policy in IL
IN end. 1t is time the American peopl
e. and politicians were beginning to under
be stand, what DR.. Davy long since asserte
T to be true, ''that injuring one class for II
'e immediate benefit of another, is ultimatel
tn injurious to that other; and that, to secul
v prosperity to community, all interes
must be consulted" Upon this point
NJ therefore conclude, upon re-examinatic
u of the opinions and speculations of the ca
III " fathers of the Republic, and from actl
en- al results, It hey were right in pronOuncin
,e- slavery an evil to be deplored and to
n got nd of as soon as practicable. The a.
H. vocates of slavery, with view to shiel
wv their system from attack, and to add san
ID. ton to it in the popular mind, assume f
.r. it constitutional recognition; that, as
W. system, the Constitution gives it leg
pi. guarantee. This is mere assumption. al
e. has no foundation in fact. Ideny that Il
tes Constitution, upon any fair construction
nd regards slaves as property; but, on Il
contrary, it treats them as persons; ALLOW
es, them to be counted as basis of rePresei
he tatiOn. The article relating to fusitv
in from labor is sometimes referred to as
cognizing the property character of slaves
.cs but here again they are regarded as pc
we sons, and not property. 1t IS admltb
that this clause relates to minors and a
prentices, as well as slaves; and will al
one claim that children and apprentices a
- treated as property, and are declared to
~ ~ property? They are, as much as slav
are by this clause. The Constitution foul
: slavery existing in the States by force
the laws thereof, and there it left it; givii
o. to no department of the General Cover
ment direct control over it; and there t