The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-01-09
Important from Europe-virtual Settle
m~nt Of the Italian question.

Inc Araoia arrived yesterday, bringing
three days later news from Europe, the most
important part of which is pamphlet by Ma
poieon on the Italian question and the tsmpo-
raj power OF the Pope, which we publish in
full elsewhere, together with the comments
thereon by the English press.
Before the opening Of the Italian war a
pamphlet was issued by the French Emperor,
entitled "Napoeon the Third and Italy"
which foreshadowed accurately all the events
of that campaign down to the peace of Villa
franca, and the results proved that the policy
laid down in that brochure was closely followed
to the end The present pamphlet The Pope
and the Congress- be accepted as fore
shadowing the action Of the approaching Eu-
ropean Congress on the affairs of Italy, and
may be looked upon as q virtual settlement Of
the Italian question.
In substance the Emperor proposes that the
Congress sha II admit the necessity Of the Pope
retaining certain temporal power, but shorn
of all political authority, and free from the
cares and troubles Of government, and that his
territorial possessions shall be confined to the
city of Rome, where he shall be maintained in
regal state, with suitable court, by contribu-
lions from the Catholic nations; that the Ro-
magma, which has declared itself unwilling to
submit to the Papal sovereignty, will not be
restored to the Pope by the aid Of France,
which, as a Catholic nation, cannot consent to
strike SO serious blow at the moral power of
Catholicism, or, as a liberal nation, could not
compel people to submit to a government
which their will rejects; nor will France allow
Austria to restore it by force Of arms France,
having run the risk of a great war, gained four
victories, and lost $4,000 men, cannot consent
| to the reinauguration of Austrian domination
in Italy, and cannot permit her to resume on
the morrow Of peace the domination she exer-
cised on the eve of defeat.
1t is urged that as it was the treaties Of 1915
which determined the political existence of
Italy and les territorial divisions, the Congress
of Paris in 1860 has full power to alter what
was settled by the Congress of Vienna; that
Europe, which in 1915 could sacrifice Italy,
can in 1860 emancipate and save her.
These views have been received with favor
by all shades of party in England; the organs
of the Palmerston and the Derby governments
alike applaud them, and the political prestige
of Napoleon seems to have greatly advanced
in England by the publication of these senti-
ments. The pamphlet may be considered as
giving the key note to the European Congress
on the Italian question; and, looking at the |
position of Europe generally, we cannot |
perceive why it should not be viewed as
virtual settlement of the destinies of Italy.
England hesitated to participate in the Con-
Italy. Napoleon has defined it now; and Eng
land cheerfnlly accepts his solution Of the Diff
Guilty. Austria, in the face Of the declaration
Of the French Emperor, cannot interfere in be-
half of the discovered possessions of the Papacy.
Russia, favorable all along to the Napoleonic
view Of the affairs of Italy, will doubtless &C.
quiesce in measure which curtails the tenn
poral power Of the head Of the Roman Church.
Prussia and the other Protestant countries will
naturally sustain this settlement of the Italian
difficulty; and thus Napoleon, master Of the
situation, can dictate to all Europe, in the ap-
preaching Congress, the terms upon which the
future destinies Of the Italian peninsula shall
be decided.
1t is bold and comprehensive idea. worthy
Of Franco, ami creditable to the sagacity of the
Emperor. It is just such solution of the Pa
pal problem as we have urged long ago in
these columns; and it is the only one by which
the troublesome question Of the united spiritual
and temporal sovereignty Of the Supreme Pom
tiff could be finally settled.
The adjustment of Italian affairs being thus
arrived at, as we conceive it is by the publica-
ton of this important pamphlet, the European
Congress will have little difficulty in arranging
the minor questions which may come before
them; for Italy, and the Pope's anomalous po-
sition az prince and pastor--in one capacity
guiding the souls Of millions of men, and in the
other attempting to govern disaffected peo-
pie by the aid of foreign bayonets-has long
been the chief difficulty in European diplomacy.
The CONTEST ABOUT THE BROOKLYN FERRY
LEAsEs-we see that Judge Hogeboom has
postponed for q month the argument on the
injunction restraining the Comptroller from
selling the ferry leases The object of the
delay Is to give the Brooklyn people an op-
portunity Of establishing the charges Of collu-
sion between the Union Ferry Company and
the Common Council, which they have pre-
ferred in their bill There Is sufficient pre-
sumpdve evidence Of we should say, in the
fact that the sale Of these leases was forced on
fourteen months before the time Of their expira-
ton and under conditions that rendered compe-
titon with the monopolists impossible. So long
as the city of New York was not to be damaged
in her interests the Common Council was
bound to pay some little attention to the re-
monstrances OF the Brooklyn people, who
have the deepest stake in this question,
and TO afford them, ~ an appanage, such
relief Is was possible under the circum-
stances. All they asked for was either TO