New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1860-09-17
f the Rs,utuc, the system and principles of ps.

racy i have heard men pirate ol IL ny tnS houI' ano
admire it, and sboat for IT, and express their reverence
for H. and vet have seen that thAy never compre-
ben6ed the empleet element OF Democracy. whst Is
it Ii is the opposite of monarchy or OF aistocracy
Astocracy IL maintained everywhere In all lands by
one OF two systems, or by both combined. An arstoc
raey 10 the government in which the few puyie Sed
own tie lands and the many unpIiyiieged work toem
or in which the few privileged the aborers aud the
iaoorers work for them. In either case the laborer
wo' ks on compuEion, and under the constrant OF
force; and in either case he takes that which may
man after the wants Of the owners Of land labor
both are satisfied. The aborer must rest content with
tne privilege OF being protected in his personal rights;
snd the powers Of the government are exercised by
IL e owners Of labor and of land.
ERE then you see have brought Won 10 the oonsd-
erstoN OF the gea, problem of society in this Republic
United States the citizen win not be the owner Of the
land wbit he citivates? II there is auy mart OF he
limited Sta tes where the labor the land Is monopo
lied by ca ual there is place 10 which the Deuo-
cratic element has not yet had s introduction or besn
permitted to work ne way efsctually. SO, on tSe
other hand as ere whore you are nan monopo-
lie the land which another man obliged to cultivate
much less NOR osolize the labor by which the lands
bich your fields are cultivated, you entirely and
absolutely established and grounded on Democratic
nrinoiples But Won all know that has not
always been the history OF our whole country;
and at times was not the condition OF amy
part of IT, Some two hundred years ago, when labor
e,s were scarce, ard tbs field to be cultivated was
large private citizens of the Atlantic States driven a.
they said by the cupidty Of the British Government
introduced The labor Of slaves toto the American colo
MES and then established the aI1stocrscy OF lana ana
labor The system pervaded nearly the whole Ausntic
Stats If it had not been interrupted, Is would nave
peryaded the continent of America; and instead OF
what you sea and of what you are part and OF Whst
you do-Dstead Of emigration from the Eastern states
into the praes of the West and instead OF emigration
from Europe all over the United States you would
have had in the Northwest this day the Boston and
New. York merchants importing laborers instead OF
freemen into the seapos and dispensing them over ,ne
entire valley of the Mississippi That would have
been the condition of civilization on this con,
tinent. 1t has been fortunate for you, aud
fortunate for us, that such dissertation OF the
magnificent scene provided 6y nature ior the improve
ment of human society and for the increase OF human
happiness has been arrested soon and you will zee
how felicitous it is when for one moment you com
pare the condition of Wnconsn and OF Maine and OF
Iowa and of Illinois, and of Indiana and Of all the
Free States of the Union with the islands of the West
Indies colonzed lust the time that the Atlantic
States were colonized and with the condition OF South
America a whole and entire new continent Astounding
in the most luxurant vegetation and with the greatest
resources of mineral wealth. absolutely reduced TO
condition of perpetual civil war, and ever renewed
runous desolation. The salvation OF North America
from all those disasters that have betaen the southern
portion of the continent is the result OF bold and firm
procedure the part of your ancestors and mine less
than a hundred years ago.
The Government of the United States was estab-
lshed in an suspicious moment. The world had be-
come aroused to the injustice well as to the nexpe
dency of the system Of Slavery and the people OF the
United States rising to the dignity OF the decision
that was before them, determined TO prevent the FUR
Their extension far and fast as possible, to secure
the abolition of African Slavery. 1t was under the in
huence of high, righteous, noble, humane excitement
like that that the State of Virginia, itself Slave
State like the State of EewYOTk determined that, 30
far as her power and her will could command the fu-
ture Slavery should forever; first by abolishlng
the African slavetrade which would bring about ulti-
matey the cessation of domestic Slavery and In the
second place by declaring that her consent to the ces-
sion of territory northwest Of the Ohio, OF which you
OCCUPY 80 beautiful part, given with the express
condition that it should be the home OF Slavery
or involuntary servitude. Applause.
But fellow citizens need not remind you that this,
ike most other efforts of human society to do good and
TO advance the welfare of mankind had its painful and
unfortunate reaction Hardly twenty years had elapsed
after the passage of those noble acts for the foundation
Of liberty the North American continent, before
there came the nation tide Of Generalization the
results of which, coming with such fearful rapdlty,
surpass almost power to describe or to sufficiently
depore.
What have we seen since that was done We have
the people Of the United States for 1t Is OF no use
10 cast responsibility parties administrations
statesmen-extend Slavery all around the coast OF the
Gulf of Mexico. We have seen them take Texas into
the Union and agree that she should come in Slave
State and have the right to multiply herself into four
more Slave States. We have seen California and
New-Mexico conquered by the people of the United
States with the deliberate consent if not purpose, that
to the Pacific Ocean, You have the Constitution
of the United States perverted by the consent Of the
people until that Constitution instead OF being law OF
Freedom and a citadel OF human rights, has come to
be pronounced by the affected judgment and willing
consent of the highest tribunal ofhe United States vet
enjoying the confidence and support Of the people, to
be tower ard bulwark Of human Slavery, OF African
bondage, and you have bad now announced by the
Government of the United States which you yourselves
brought into power that wherever the Constitution Of
the United States GOES it carries not freedom with the
eagles of conquest, but hateful chains aud bondage
Applause If the principle which you have thus per-
mtted to be established is true then there 10 not an
arsenal within the United States, not o military or
naval school of the Federal Government not federal
a not dock yard, and not ship that traversss the
ocean, bearing the American flag in any part OF The
globe, where the law, the normal law, the law by
which men are be held and tried and Judged is nota
law by which every man whose ancestor was slave
s slave and by which property in slaves, not free
dom of man, is the normal condition OF society under
the federal system of government can only ask you
to consider for moment how near You have come to
losing everything which you enjoy of this great interest
of freedom. The battle eliminated at last on the fields
of Kansas. How severe and how dreadful battle
thst has been, you all know. II was a great and
desperate effort of the aristoeracy Of capital in
labor, TO carry their system practically with
all its evils to the shores of the Gulf of
Mexico, and TO cut off the Atlantic States
from all communication with the sister States on the
Pacific and so to extend Slavery from the center both
ways, restoring it throughout the whole country. You
will cay that this was very visionary attempt but it
was far from being visionary. 1t was possible aud for
time seemed fearfuy probableprobabe for this rea
son, that the land must have labor and it must be
either the labor Of freeman the labor of slaves. In
troduce slave labor in any way that you cam and free
labor is repealed, and avoids it. Slave labor intro
duced into this country by the opening of the African
slave.trade, aud when the territory of the United
Sates in the interior of the continent was open TO
Slavery with your consent and mine, nothing then
would have remained but TO reopen and restore the
alo oJa 10 - hpo 10