The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1860-04-12

ana perseverance, that Congress was induced
| 70 acknowledn the principle involved in the
question Of power with regard to internal i'm.
ability, the Missouri festrictiOns, and whom the
contest upon that subject was on the point Of
rendius the Union in twain, he poured oil upon
BY his famous Compromise measures. He was
the father Of tho Cumberland Road, and in.
deed, Of the whole system OF Internal I'm.
provements. He was the father, likewise OF
| tarift of 1924 10 an unrivalled effort of areu-
| ment and research He was the most prOmi.
nent member in pressing the House to q. vote
OF censure ON General JACKSON for his con.
duct in the Seminole war. and hence arose the
long aud bitter enmity between those two. In
1871 he resigned his seat in consequence Of ne.
cuniary embarrassments, and, in 1922, was ap.
pointed, with Mr.. BIBB, by the Legislature Of
Kentucky, a Commissioner to visit the Iesis.
lature Of Virginia, for the purpose of settling
the vexed question Of the "occupying Claim-
ant Laws" The incidents OF that visit have
been too often told to need repetition here. In
1e23 he was again elected to Congress. and
again made Speaker.
During the session he was principally en-
gagged in his plan for remodeiling the tariff and
| on the Both and 31st March delivered his great
speech upon that subject, in committee Of the
whole in reply to powerful speech by Mr.
+. r. BARBOUR. Of Virginia During the same
session, also, he advocated, with great ability
| and enthusiasm, the proposition of Mr.. WEE
STER, 10 recognize the independence of G Greece
at that time engaged In a deadly struggle with
the whole force OF the Ottoman Empire.
There were, at that time, five candidates for
the Presidency before the people Mr.. ADAMS.
Mr.. CRAWFORD, Gen. JACKSON, Mr.. CALHOUN
and Mr.. CLAY. Mr.. CALHOUN was dropped
by his friends, and ran for the Vice Presidency "
The election came off in the fall of 1924, and
resulted as follows For ADAMS 81, for JACK
son ~, for CRAWFORD II, and for CLAY 37.-
There being majority for neither Of the can
didates, the election was Of course carried to
the House of RanrcSon a tivoc wa
known that Mr. CLAY would carry the greater
part OF the Western delegation, and had, there
fore, the election in the hollow Of his hand.
M. CLAY made no sort of secret of his inten-
| tion to vote for Mr.. ADAMS. To intimidate
him, or to ruin, If they could not succeed in
frightening him, party of designing politi-
clans prompted GEO. kREMER, a stupid mem
ber OF Congress from Pennsylvania, to write
letter to newspaper in Phi hiladelphia. charg-
ing him with having bargained with Mr.. AD.
ANS for the Secretaryship of State, on condi-
tion OF his voting tor him. MIR. CLAY in
| stantly denounced the statement as base and
malicious caiumny, and called upon the au-
thor to ayow' himself and prove the charge
kRsMER avowed himself, and asserted his
CLAY Immediately demanded of the House
an investigation into the charge.
A committee was appointed by ballot, not
one OF whom was political friend OF Mr.
growing serious, declined to appear before
the committee, although he had, few days
before, invoked the reprobation Of the House.
il he should fail to prove what he had charged
The election in the House resulted in favor of
Mr.. ADAMS, Mr.. CLAY cas- til 9 his vote for him.
He Immediately ofe ed Mr.. CLAY the Secre-
taryship OF State, which Mr.. CLAY accepted.
1t is said that he would not have done So had
| he not been charged with bargaining for tt
He was determined to show the slanderers
that he despised their malice.
We hardly think it necessary to go into the
details Of the " Bargain, intrigue and corup-
tion,' SANDER. We are sure there is not a
man now living who believes in it. Subse-
quently, in 1927, it was revived by Mr.. CARTER
BEVERLEY who mad it from Gen. JACKSON
himself. The General asserted that PROPOSE
tons had been made to him by friend Of Mr..
CLAY, to the effect that if he would appoint
Mr.. CLAY, he wonld vote for him. That some
such proposition had been made to him, there
can be little doubt; but it has been pretty
clearly proved that it did not come from Mr..
CLAY, and that the latter knew nothing Of it.
MIR. CLAY was on his way 10 Kentucky when
ing this charge. At FOwLER's Garden, near
Lexington. where grand dinner was given
to him On the 10th of May, he addressed his
old constituents. in speech of transcendent
beauty and eloQuenee. As piece of fervid
vehement declamalfUz7, it may compare favor
ably with any that was ever delivered. He
denied all the charges made against him, de-
Tended his own course and the policy Of the
Cabinet with triumphant ability, and hurled
back their the accusations of his enemies with
the force OF giant.
The instructions Of Mr. CLAY to our minis
ters abroad, while he was Secretary of State,
are models of State papers. We doubt whether
they have their superior i'll the archives of the
country.
When Mr.. ADAMS went out of office in 1929,
Mr.. CLAY retired to Ashland. On his way
home he was received wherever he stopped
with testimonials of respect. In 1880, lie paid
a visit to a married daughter who resided in
New Orleans, and his whole tour was q tri-
umphal procession. In the antumn of 1881,
he was elected to the u. S. Senate and abou I
the same time the Baltimore Con nvention nom.
mated him for the Presidency, and JOHN SER
GEANT for Vice President. This nomination
rendered his position embarrassing nCongress.
There was, moreover, majority against him,
and he could have little hope of carrying any
prOpOsitiOn-as he was wont in the Olden
| time. Every question of vital policy was
brought up at that session. The Uuited States
Bank applied for a re charter through Senator
DALLAS, and the bill was supported by Mr..
CLAY and his friends, and passed, but after
wards it was vetoed by the President. South
Carolina demanded 4 reduction Of the tariff
OF ISIS to such figure to destroy its protec-
| tive features. On this question, Mr.. CLAY, in
spite of the JACKSON majority, spoke elo-
Quently and SO often, that he c0ntrived TO de-
feat the aim of South Caroliaa, shaping the
tariff in such way as to enlarge the free list
AID rednce the duties on other articles, with
ont exposing existing interests to a ruinous
competition Several propositions for reducing
| the price OF the public lands were brought
forward, the whole subject was referred to
| lllo OA uuuldCtufcS. Oh which NE
was chairman, evidently with the purpose OF
embarrassing him, and injuring his popuIari-
ty; for, if he favored Il reduction, he lost yo-
ters in the East, and ii he opposed it. he lost
reported in favor of an entirely new
system. This system proposed to leave
the lands under the control of the Federal Of
ficers to be surveyed and sold without altera-
tion OF terms to purchasers; to pay Ek per
cent of the proceeds annually over " the
States, to be used for purposes of education
and internal Improvement; to distribute the
residue among the States tor similar purposes;
to reserve COCO annually to spend in extend
ing surveys; and to continue the act in force
for five years, unless war came on, SO as to
give ita fair trial. This plan was never adopt
ed except in SO far as it is Identical with that
proposed in lsll, to which MT BERRIEN at
tached proviso, that it should be suspended
upon an increase of the customs duties to
over 70 per cent. This rendered it dead let
ter soon after. 1t had not the effect his enc.
mics desired. 1t did not injure the popularity
Of Mr. CLAY. s-ta
The election came on in the fall of lS32. and
Gen. JACKSON was triumphantly Reelected
1t was hardly over. when violent politi-
cal excitement was created by the action
of South Carolina. That State had At the iusti-
CATION Of Mr.. CALHOUN, cast her vote for Gov
FLOYD, Of Virginia. She professed grea: dis
satisfaction with the new tariff for retaining
the protective principle, while it reduced the
duties on certain articles. She assembled a
convention. and nulli1ied the tariff, ss far AZ
she was concerned. Gen. JACKSON imme-
diately issued his famous proclamation, threa.
tening South Carolina With the use OF force.
and dispatched General SCOTT 70 Charleston
to enforce the collection Of the revenue, il il
should become necessary. Civil war aud dis
union seemed imminent, and in the midst of
the excitement, Mr.. VFRPLAhK, Of New York,
chairman Of the Committee OF Ways aud
Means introduced . bill into the House di.
vssting the tariff Of every feature Of protec.
ton. and reducing the duties 10 4 mere numi.
nal sum. In this state of affairs, Mr.. Clay pro.