Delaware gazette. [volume] (Delaware, Ohio) 1855-1886, 1860-12-21
T23a QnA T233aAI 7HT

formed, consequently, by the same authority |
which formed the State Constitution, is
the Government of the United States created !
by the Constitution, less Government in the
strictest sense of the term within the sphere
of its powers, than the Governments created
by the Constitutions of the States, within
their several speres4 dtis lIkethen, organized
into Legislative, Executive and Judiciary de-
partments. 1t operates like them directly on
persons and things, and like them it has at COM
and a physical ferce for sxeeating the powers
com snftted IL ik sand it was Intended he per-
. petual, and mot be annulled at the pleasure OF
any one of the contracting parties of the Con-
sfederation-a perpetual Union between the
States; and by the 18th Article it is express
siy declared that she articles of this Confed@
Grafton shall be inyiolably observed by every
State, and the u MON shalt sbe perpetual. The
Preamble to the Constitution of the United
Station sasss s.sRs s
rfct Union but does not include the essential attribute
perpeuity But that the Union designed to be
petua appears concusvey from the and extent of
Th c ss m tS % e hi heest
tributes Of national sovereignity They place both the
to make peace raise and support armies
and navs and to conclude treaties with foreign Govern
regulated the lkalue thereof, and to regulate
commerce with foreign nations and among the
several States. 1t is not necessary to emu
nerate the other powers which have been
conferred upon the Federal GoYernment in
order to Garry the enumerated powers into
effect Congress possesses the exclusive right
to lays and scehect aduties ON imports and in
tscommon with the States to lay and collect all
| the other taxes But the Constitution has not
only conferred these high powers upon Con-
gress, but it has adopted effectual means to
| restrain the- States from interfermg with their
exercise for that purpose, 1t has IN strong pro,
hibtory language expressly declared that State shall
enter into treaty alliance
credit. make anything but gold and silver coin ton
of debts bfIof attainder expost
Moreoyor without the Congress- State shall
lay imposts duties Imports exports except
lion laws and il they exceed this amount the excesses
shall. Without the consent of Congress, lay any
4 duty of tonnage, keep troops or ships of war
in time of peace, enter into any agreement or
T. CON pact with another State et@With a foreign
4 power engage in war, unless actually inva-
n ded or in such imminent danger as will not
4 admit of delay. In order still further to Sc
L cure the uninterrupted exercise of these high
I powers against State interposition, it is provi-
I ded that the Constitution and the laws of the
4 United States which shall be made in .pursN-
/ auce thereofs and all treaties made, or which
Il shall be made under the authority of the nj
F ted States, shall be the supreme law of tht
Il land, and the judges in every State shall bt
) bound thereby, spythings IN the Constitution
or laws of any State to the contrary notwith
: standing. The solemn sanction of religion ha!
3 been superadded to the obligations of oficia
D duty,and all Senators and Representatives o
! the United States all members of the State leg
IL islatures. and all Executive and Judicial off
GERS both of the United States and of the severa
Il States shall be bound by oath affirmation t
s support this Constitution. In order to carry in
to oeect these laws the ConsG has establish
: ed perfect Government in all its FORMS leg
e isative executive and Judicial, and this aGov
n ernment to the extent of its powers, acts di
If rectly upon the individual citizens of ever
o State and executes its own decrees by th
l. agency of its own officers In this respect
v differs entirely from the Government under tt
III old confederation which was confined to maxim
do req isitfons on the State in their soveroig
,e t character Fhis left IT ato the discretion
i-L each whether to obey refuse and they ofte
hs declined to- comply with such acquisitions
i-1 Itsthus became necessary for the purpose of r
s. moving this barrier and IN order to form
De more Lerfeet U nioh,to established governmel
he which could act directly upon the people al
ne execute its own laws without the intermedIa
ne agency. zof the States. This has BEEN accol
pIished by the Constitution of the United Statt
err In Short the Government. screatBd by the Co
al stitution and deriving its authority from t
in sovereign people of each of the several State
of has precisely the same right to exercise
p power over thegpeopie of allthese States in
to enumerated cases, that each one of them pC
en- sesses over subjects not delegated to the q nit
ny States but reserved to the, States Tes7 ective
i'll or to the people. To the extent of 1.-The
Ec- delegated as powers, 10 the Court of t
ny United States is as much part of tile Co.lrts
he each State, and is binding upon its p,
ch pie as though it had been textually insert
of therein. This Government, therefore, is gr'
nyt and powerful Government, invested with
q the attributes ssfdk kspvere gntya of the spec
IN subjects to which its authority extends. Its f
I'll mers never intended to implant in its bosom
pie seeds of its own destHuetion, nor werei they,
tat its creation, guilty, of the ahsurdity off pro
as ding for its dissolution. 1t was not inter
If ed by its trainers to be the baseless fabric oi
leo4 vision, which, ut the touch of the enchani
rse would vanish into the air, but substani
In and mighty fabric capable of resist
os ing aihss stdrmz 6f8 ages LIS Indeed 4
ion may the jealous patriots of that day have
ex- dulged fears that Government of such b
-se. powers night violate the reserved rights Of
,ro- States; and wisely sddthey adopt the'rufe Q
ichai strict construction of these powers, to prev
oil, the danger; but they did not fear, nor had Il
Iaai any reason to imagine, that the Copstitpt
the State by her own act and without the cons
ub- of her sister States, to discharge her PEG
the from alT or any Of their Federal obfigatit
pro- 1t may be asked, ethen, are tte people of
lese States without redress against the tyranny
un- oppression of the Federal Government?
red no means. The right of resistance on the
ger of the governed ag ainsy the oppression of t
ivo- Government cannot be denied it ~exists il
tion pendent of all Constitutions. and has been
for ercised at all periods OF the worlds hlstor.
BE- Under it old governments have been dest
try, ed, and under it ones have been repla
ther 1t is embodied in strong and express langr
tor in our own Declaration of Independence
vain the distinction must ever be observed that
tate iseFevolatiyul a. gainst~ nzestsblis lished Gov
from ment and not a voluntary secession
ould 1T by virtue of inherent constitutional RI
AIDED In short, let US look the danger fairly in
dan | face. Secession is nothing more less
hat reyetution. sT Its ayor may snot be, justin
ia of revolution, bdtsstilEit is revolution. ha
itfon the meantime, is the responsibility and
position of the-EXecntlEe, " Ehoris=0euna1By y
,ner- emn nbath-before God andAthea ceuhtry TO
18th care that the laws be faithfully executed
g or-st this obligation he cannot be absolved by
en- human power. But wHat'if1 the performac
the this dafy, in whole or in part has beenrend
hein-F impracticable4 by events over which he
,ther have exercised no control? Such, at the PR
hazr is the casethroughuut the State OF South Caro-
o1ruu r,cI IhaI fnd fnfa 10