Holmes County farmer. [volume] (Millersburg, Ohio) 1857-1926, 1860-12-13

niciinp Constitutional questiONs IKE ue ITts'n'
which might arise between the governments ol tue
States FMS appears from conter,poraneons iils
,nty In this connection ] shall taetey call NJ.
tcntion to few sentences in Mr. Madisone Justly
c,lehrated rtpott in 1888, 10 he Lepslntuts oi Va,
In ibis ne ably and cOncusiNely deh nded the ttso'
ln,inrs of tue preceding Legislatures. Thee
were mainly founded IaOn tie proltst u the Nir'
stni, L.pi.In,ure against The "Ahtn ind Sedi.
hon ncts" ss "pNlpabe aud alarming inirar'i"ns
a, ,be constitution In pointing out tie peace.
r,l and constitutional remedies md he referred
"a none oth,r Ito Viii the States were pu'ho' IL.
A 10 re snit on surh CecasiDns. he concludes by
saving "ihat he Legislatures oi the States might
have made direct representation ~ Congft 81
with view 10 obtain resembling oi the Two Of
fensive acts. OF iheJ might Rave Ispltsunttd h'
-heit respective seuotors IN Congress 'htlr Nlsh
ikat Two thirds thereof would PioF"se ~ tAliaha
tory amendment 10 the constitution, OF we Ihirds
a, themselves, " such hsd teen MN opnon'
l. ight by an applicait n to CUrgrtss, have oVtDn'
.d n conyt rtion lor the same object"
This il the very course which earnestly re-.
rnmtnend in order TO Obtain an 'ehpinnuiOty
amendment" OF tie constitution on II susg' cl ol
slavery. This might originate wi 1t Congress OF
the state LeRislntuie,ns may be detnied most nd
visahe TO ntlain he object
1his explanatory nm. ndmcn might be comm
cd 10 the final settlement VI tie uue construction
OF tie constitution Oh three specin pHn,H
l. An express recognition oi We fieht OF prop
srty in slaves in the Slaes here II now exists or
moy hereafter exist
y The duty OF protecting this right ir oil the
common Territories throughout their territorial
existence. and until they shnll I've ndmilnd ns
states into the Union with or without s. owry
@ A like recognition OF tie rghl tho muster
,c hive his slave who Inns escaped from one Sntc
10 another restored and delivered ur"' 10 him
and Of the vulidiiy Of the Fugitive sl"v, law en-.
nc for this purI ose. ttg, thCr with declaration
that oil the State laws impnirng or defeating this
ripht are violations ot the constitution, 0nd ore
conse quently null und void
II NAV be objected that this construction oi the
constitution has ir,udy teen soitltd ty we gu
mr., me Court of the United states, and what more
oppbt to be ttouircd1 The answer is, thntn very
large perrion Of the people oI the United states
stI contest the correctness OF tins dccisCn, and
never will cease from ngltotlUn ond admit s
binding force until cieOIIy cs,nblsh' iy the p,o.
,e Of the several States III their sovereign chhTuct.
er Such mn explanatory nmtrdmon NJ would, II is
believed. forever tcrmuue the existing dsstn
.ions and restore peGce and harmony nmong th,
States
II ought not TO hc douhud ,hnt such IN nprta
90 the stb-rument es,nhhshtd by the constitution
itself would be received with favor by all the
Stntes OF the cnnfcdeTacy. In any event II ought
20 be lied in q spirit Of cancellation b'i"r' any o
these Stutes shull separate themselves IRON the
Union.
When entered upon the duties NJ the Presi'
dentiol off e. the aspect ne ihtr OF foreign MOI
domestic affairs wns at nll satisfactory we
were involved IN dangerous complications viii
several nn ons. and two ot our Territories were
in n state OF revolution ngninsi the government
A restoration OF the African slave irode bad M
rnetous and powerful advocates Unlawful mil
itary cx7aii ions were cuunienanced by many NJ
,ur citiz.ns and suffered, in d, fance oi The
Efforts oi the government, To escape nom on'
thores for the purpose OF making wnr upon the nm
offending people of neighhoring Republics, wil
whom we were n peace In addition TO these anc
other difficulties we experienced n rcvulson 1t
monetary atflirs, soon ntler my advent to power
A "a
~ nll t,e interests of the country When W
take n retrospect of what was then our condition
and contrast this with its material prosperity ut rh'
time Of the late Presidential election. VIC have
abundant rrnson to return our grateful ihnnks II
Tint merciful Providence which has never ioIsakei
us us q nation in all our past uirls.
OUR FOREIGN RELATIONS.
GREAT BRITAIN.
Our relations with Greai Blitnp nre Of the mos
friendly character Since the commence, ment o
INV administration the Two dangerous question
arising from the Clayton and Bulwcr treaty, mn,
from tie right OF search claimed by the Briisl
government have been anicuby and h"nornbl)
adjusted
md Bulwer uenty between the governments
which at different periods Of the discussion, bore
Il threatening nspc Ct have resulted IN a final set
tlemeni entirely satisfactory to tins government
In my last annual message informed congress
pleted rta atty arrangements with the republics
Honduras nnd Nicaragua, In pursuance OF the un
derstanding between the two governments II Is
nevertheless confidently expected that This good
work will ere long br accomplished" ~" This con
fIent expectation has since been fulfilled ilei
Britanc Majesty concluded a ireniy with Hon
durns on the % Of November, 1859 md with Mic
arogna on the 2slh Of August, 1860, relinquished
the Nus0uiio proiectornte Resides, by the iormer
the Bny Islands nre recognized ns pnrt oi tho
IL. nI
the stiphntons Of these treaties conform IN every
important particular to the amendment adopted by
the Senate of the United state. tn III" trcnty con
cluded at London on tho 18th of Oct. ltJb, between
the two governments. It will be rocollccted that
this treaty was rejected by the British gov rnmrh
because of its obi &c ton to the just aud important
amendment Of the Senate to the article relating Ia
Ruatan and the other Islands in the Bay OF Hohdu
ra,, ,,,s.,, 4, #
classes Of our fellow citizens and especially to those
engaged in foreign commorGc that the claim on th'
part of Great Britain. forcibB to visit md Scnrcl
American merchant vessels on the h gh sens in tint
OF peace. has been abandoned, This was far th'
mos. since he var Of s
Whilst ii remain Il open. they might a. any momon
have been ,recip'tatcd into u war. lhis wns Ten
derod manifest bs the exnspe nted state ot pub,i
feeling throughout our entire country. produced b
the foreible search Of american MERCHANT vessel
spring of 1850 The American people hailed viii
general acclaim tho orders Of the Secretary OF th
protect @ ali ii, yc.sss "I Of % the ed states on tho hs
seas from search or detection by tho vessels of wa
Of any other nahUn." These orders might hnv,
produced an Immediate collision between the nava
forces Of the two countries. This wss most fortu
natcy prevented by nm appeal To the Jns'lco q
Groat Britain aud 10 the laws of nations AS expon
dcd By her own eminent jurists. .
The onlI question 81 hnI Importance which s,il
remains open Is the disputed title hetwc the lw
governments To tho Islands of san Juan IN tn
vicinity nf Washington IDrritorl. As this qucs
ton s stil under negotiations. is not deemed ad
vlsnble AT the present mumSnt 10 mako any othc
nlluslun to the sui lcct.
The recent yistuf the Prime" of Wales In n pri
vatc ha rnctcr, To- the people of this country, hn
proven to be n most auspcious event. In its conse
quenoe II cannot fail 10 increase the ki ndred ant
Kindly fceling' which trust may ever hotunto III,
government AMI people OF both countries in thoi
political and social intercourse with each other
FRANCE.
With France. our ancient and powerful nlly ou
relations cont inue 10 be Of the most friendly char
acter. a decision has recently been made By
French judicial tribunal vi tn tho appreciation o
the imperial government. which cannot fail 10 fos'
er the sentiments OF mutual regard that have ~
long existed between the two countries. nde
the French law no person can serve in the armies o
France unlcss he BE- French citizen. The law %
France recognizing the natural right OF erpatrin
ton, II follows asa necessary consequence that
Frcnchmnn. by tho fact Of having bccumo citirat
OF the United States, has changed his nlleglanc,
and has lost his native character. lie cannot there
fore, he compelled o. serve in the French army ia
ea.ehe should return TO his native countri, Those
prime pies were announced IN lhJs by the French
Minister az War, and in two late cares have been
Confirmed bJ the French judiciary In hsso, two
nntives OF France have been discharged from the
French nrnl because they had become American
eitiIrns To omploy the language Of our pre- 'eni
Minister Of FrnniO. who has rendered good service
on this occasion do not think our Frcneh natur.
much ammo, ance on this subject" | venture 10
Predict that tho time Is not tar distant whom the
other Continental Powers will adopt the snmc wise
md Just policy which has done 30 much honor tr
teupI pNVurUTnnuI Dt hi