The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1860-11-09
THE CRISIS IN ITALY.


We have already given brief abstract
of Count OAvoUR's famous speech in the
Sandman Chambers, on the bill, passed BY
an immense majority, to annex the Ponti6-l
cal States and the two Sicilies to the Pied
montese Kingdom. The London Times says
of the speech, that it "will more than fix the
attention of Europe-it will act as basis
of the italian cause. Itsupplies, like a base
of military operations or a principle in
philosophical controversy, starting ground
for italian progress, to which it may ever
after look back, as from time to time it may
be tempted to diverge from the right, and
require the correction of a masters eye"
The Minister commenced his Grafton with
an exposition of the difference with Carl.
baidi, and closed this part of bis subject
with the following on the annexation of
Naples to the Sandman kingdom: e' 4.
1 think 1 have sufficiently explained the
motives which led the Ministers to resort to
convocation of the Chambers, and to elicit
from them a vote of confidence. 1 might
here end my discourse, if did not think it
my duty to give some explanations which
were asked during the past si.tings. Imust
say passing word as to the objection raised
by the Hon. M. Ferrari-that by adopting
this bill we expose ourselves to the cession
of other parts of Italy as to a probable
contingency. l shall not here repeat the
declarations lately made, that no word oc-
Cured about such cession, either officially
or oficiously, either in writing or by word
of mouth, directly or indirectly; but, setting
aside the question of fact to come to that Of
probability. l think it strange that, in order
to guard against dimlnution of territory,
one may wish to prolong the division of 1t
ally, and to foster its dissensions. Gentlemen,
let US make the annexation, and the cessOn
of any part of Italy will become impossible;
let US make the annexation, and the prece-
dent of the treaty of the oath of March
will never be quoted against US; for, gentle
men, the great principle of nationality, the
cornerstone of our political edifce, can
never be invoked for the cession of portion
Of our territory; it could not be invoked in
consideration OF immense sacrifices in men
and money. Let the annexation be made,
and this demand would no longer be made to
people of 100000 with WARMTH; but
it would be made to the great Italian ma
ton, compact and strong mass of % ,OOO,-
600 freemen. Loud applause Make the
annexation, and even if the Ministers were
changed, am confident that the men sitting
upon these benches no matter to what part
of the Chamber or of the country they be-
longed to, would give this demand an answer
worthy of the descendants of Pierre Cap
POM. Long and loud applause.
THE QUESTION OF ROME.
Doubts were started, explanations were
asked upon two painful, but delicate sub.
jects Rome and Venice. l could intrench
myself behind reasons Of State, and keep
silent. could say to the House, {" Since
we agree upon what is before US to-day.
why should we busy ourselves with the con-
tingencies of distant morrow? But, gen.
temen, this is the age Of publicity. 1 think
it best that Governments and Parliaments
should speak out. Hear. Here must
begin by expressing my satisfaction that On
the practical question on the present ques-
ton, we are all agreed; as, il 1 well under.
stood Hon. N. Regnoli, who questioned me
about Rome, l think that be also agrees;
that it is neither opportune nor honest to go
to Rome so long as that city is occupied by
French troops. Gentlemen, this is ques-
tiOn of the future. 1t is serious matter
for Minister to have to give bis opinion
as to great future contingencies yet &C
knowledge that statesman, to be worthy
of the name, must have certain fixed points,
which may be, so to say, the bearing by
which to steer his course, only choosing or
changing the means to this end according
to events, but always keeping in view those
points which are to be his guidance. Du.
ring the last twelve years the pole-star of
King Victor Emanuel has been the princi-
pie Of national independence. What will
this star be with respect to Rome? Move
ment of attention. Our star, gentlemen,
will direct US to look upon the Eternal City,
upon which five and twenty centuries have
accumulated all glorious memories, as dess
tined to become the splendid capital of our
Italian Kingdom. A storm of loud APP
plause. This answer may not satisfy the
honorable gentleman who asked what means
we intended to employ to this end. could
say will answer when you beforehand tell
me in what condition Italy and Europe will
be six months hence; aughter] but if you
do not supply me with these dlta-these
terms OF the prOblem-I fear that neither
you nor any diplomatic mathematician may
be abe to find the which you seek.
Laughter. Nevertheless, gentlemen, if
cannot point out the special means, l shall
not hesitate to Indicate the great causes
which are to bring us to the goal. Move.
ment of attention said, and repeat it,
that the problem OF Rome is not to be
solved by the sword alone. The sword is
necessary it was, and ever will be, to pre-
vent extraneous elements meddling with the
solution OF this question; but it is not the
sword alone that is to cut the knot. Moral
forces must aid in the solution; and what
are the moral forces upon which we can
and must reckon? / know that here
trespass on the ground of philosophy and
history; but as honorable gentlemen have
set the example before me, | must give free
utterance to the whole OF my mind. think
the solution of the Roman question must
arise from the conviction which will daily
gain ground in modern society, even in tie
great Catholic society, that freedom is
highly favorable to the spread of true re-
ligious feeling. f. Bravo!) This truth
feel confident will soon triumph. We have