The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1860-1863, 1860-12-27

ynion," (than The one under the Confed- ID
sralion) #*#% "to Orddin and establish
lhis Constitution for the United States OF
America" Tho question, too. whether
the Constitution is, q "eompsct," " ora "go-
of the people," is a'so settled by
the above Preamble" and the following
provision Of the Constitution in relation
10 representation and taxation: "Repre-
and direct taxes shall be appor-
toned among the several States according
to their respective Numbers" Now, if II
be nothing more than Compact, why did
not its trainers use the words "stipulate
and contract. or other like words denoting
a compact, instead Of employing the WORKS
''Ordaiin and esta6iish?' IfiI is not gov
ernment OF the people, why did its fran
ers say, 1--WE, the people, ordain and es'
tablish this Constitution" Why appor'
ton the representatives and taxes among
the States according to their population?
The truth is. that, practically, the Consti-
tuition is both government Of the people
aud Of the States. The provisions Of tho
Constitution, which, as conceive, take
rom State the right of secession from
he Union are those following Article
Ist, Sec 8. Congress shall have power
to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts,
and excises, to pay the debts and provide
for the common defence and general vel
fare Of the United States:" ITO borrow
money on the credit OF the United States"
"To regulate commerce with foreign ma
tions, and among the several States" DC.
"To establish uniform rule Of naturaliza.
ton throughout the United States" &c;
"To coin money" DC. ITO punish coun-
terfeting tire United States coin." &c:
ITO establish post-offices," &C.: ITO es-
lablish Courts of Justice over the United
States" ITO declare war;" &c: To raise
and support armies" &c: "To maintain a
United States navy" &c: "To govern the
land naval forces OF the United States"
&c: "To provide for calling forM he mill
TIA TO execute tie Laws of tbe United States,"
ITO provide far Organizing. arming and
disciplining The militia of The United
IStates:'" TO regulate and dispose Of the
territory and other property of the United
States: "To make oil laws necessary for
carrying into crecu,ion tie foregoing powers,
DC" Article I'd. Section Cd: "fhe Pre-.
sident shall be Commander in Chief of The
Unied States Army and Navy, when call
ed in'o service" "He. with the advice and
consent of the Senate, shall have power to
make ueatieS;,' "to appoint sgJassadors.
ministers and consuls 10 foreign natlons:"
"to appoint Judges of the Supreme Court
aud other officers Of the United States"
"to Gil Vacancies that happen in the Sen
ate, "&c. during the recess; Article Bird.
establish a Judiciary over the STATES;
which has Jurisdiction in all cases Of law,
or equity, arising under the Constitution.
laws and treaties Of the United States"
Article 1st, Section 10: "NoState shall
enter into any treaty, alliance. or Confed.
Grafton" grant letters OF marque and re.
prisal." "coin money; or emit bills of cred.
it," "No States hall without the consent of
Congress. keep troops or ships of var, in
time Of peace;" "Enter into any agreement
or compact with another State, or with a
foreign power. or engage in war unlessin.
vaded:" Article a, Section 81. "No juno
ton Of two or more States shall be lorm-
ed without the consent Of Congress.
ART. a. "All debts and engagements Of
tie U. s, shall be valid against the
States'' "The Constitution o. the U. s.:
all laws made in pursuance thereof; and
all treaties made under the authority Of
the U. s., shall be the suprems lao efMe
land; and the Judges in every Stats shall
be bound thereby. anything in the Con.
stituiion or laws Of any State to the con.
lrary notwithstanding" By the general
government, all the powers above named
are exercised. No State can exercise any
Of them. Til, psople of each State, hay.
ing relinquished forever, these powers
indispensable attributes of sousrsignty)
can neUer resume their possession and ex.
ercise, unless the government Of the eUnited
States ceases to be. But it is asked, chow
shall STATE which has been agorieued
J by unOonstitutic nal Legislation OIL ths part
Of Congress. or the State Legislatures,
obtain redress for her grievances?" |
reply that the Constitution provides for
every State so aggrieved complete rene.
dy," There is distinct department of
the general government whose exclusive
province il is to determine controversies
: between the States, viz: the U. S. Judi
|, ciary. To this, | think, they must appeal
for redress. My position is now, think.
!, clearlg established, to-wit: that the States
J were NOT, either under the Revolutionary
Government or the Confederation inde.
pendent sovereignties; and that much SIS
are they such under the present Oonsttu-
ton. And that since they are not abso
lutte indepen 1ent sovereignlies. therefore
a State has not the right to secsde from
, the Union. desire, however, to reca-
pitulste and add in more direct reply to
the articles OF "T."
That tits untrue that cup to the time
of the Revolutionary war, each Colony
was independent Of the rest;" that it is
untrue that "the act Of separation from
Great Britain, as proclaimed in the De.
claration Of Independence, was the joint
and separate act Of the Colonies, 1t
was The joint act, o,the separate act Of
Colonies The language Of the Declara-
tion Of Independence is, "that these uni.
ted Colonies are, and Of right ought to be,
free and independent States That it is
not true that "in the war which followed,
they acted in the capacity Of sovereign
States" They acted as a amt. That it
is not true that "each Colony levied war;
The Continental Congress made formal
declaration of war against the Mother
. II ~