Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1860-07-02
THE nARBARIsI OF SLAVERY.
In ths unllsa So. senale. June 4. Iseo
/ rQnfnueal

come Of S2,457,472; the slave states had
! lts1 academies and private schools, with 49l ,
teachers, leA s76 pupils, and an annual in
come Of S2,O9, 724. In the absence of pub
lie schools, 10 large extent where Slavery
exists, the dependence must be chiefly upon
] private school; and yet even in these the
slave states fall below the free states, whether
we consider the number of pupils, the num-
Der Of teachers, or the amount paid for their
support,
In public schools, open to all, alike th
| poor and the rich, the eminence Of the fred
states is complete. Here the figures show a
| difference as wide as that between Freedom
and Slavery, Their number in the tree states
IS 81, ,433, with I2,62l teachers, and with D.
769,9Ol pupils supported by an annual ex-
pense Of Sc, $50, 337 Their number in the
slave states is ls, ,5O7, with I9,3O7 teachers
and with 5Sl, ,s6l pupils, supported by an an
nual expense OF 81, rs, ,534. This difference
msy be illustrated by details Virginia, an
old Stale, and more than a third larger than
Ohio has 67,s52 pupils in her public schools,
while the latter state has 4s4, ,l53. Arkan-
sas, equal in age and size with Michigan,
has only s,493 pupils at her public schools,
while the latter state has llO,455. South
Carolina, three times as large as Massachu-
sets, has 1888 pupils at public school,
while the latter state has l76,4 South
Carolina spends for this purpose, annually,
$500, GOO; Massachusetts, 81, OO6, 795. Balti-
more, with population of I69,0l2, on the
northern verge Of slavery, has school build
ings valued at Sl05, ,729; those of Boston are
valued at S72s, 500.
Boston, with a population smaller than
that Of Baltimore, has 2O3 public schools,
with 1853 teachers, and 2l,67s pupils, sup
ported at an annual expense $237, 900; Bal
timOre has only Sc public schools, with l3S
teachers, and s,0ll pupils, supported at an
annual expense Of $50, 423. But even these
figures do not disclose the whole difference;
for there exist in the free states teachers in-
stitutes, normal schools, lyceums, and public
courses Of lectures, which are unknown in
the region of slavery. These advantages
are enjoyed also by the children Of colored
persons; and here is comparison which
shows the degradation of the slave states
It is their habit particularly to deride free
colored persons. See, now, with what
cause. The number Of colored persons in the
free states is 1906, Of whom 22,O43, or
more than one-ninth, attend school, which is
a larger proportion than is supplied by the
whites Of the slave states. In Massachusetts
there are 1904 colOred persons, of whom
l,439, or nearly One-sixth, attend school,
which is amuch larger portion than is sup
piled by the whites Of South Carolina.
Among the educational establishments are
public libraries and here, again, the free
states have their customary eminenee, wheth-
er We consider libraries strictly called public,
or libraries Of the common school, Of the
Sunday school, of the college, and of the
church. Here the disclosures are startling.
Inc hummer Vi NO. ir the free g. toe ~
1891, and the sum total Of volumes is g.,
sss, 234; the number of libraries in the slave
states is sos, and the sum total of volumes is
GAG, 57T; showing an excess for Freedom OF
more than fourteen thousand libraries, and
more than three millions Of volumes. In
the free states the common school libraries
are IL ,s8l, and contain 1888, ,6s3 volumes;
in the slave states they are lS6, and contain
| 7,72l volumes.
In the free states the Sunday school libra
ries are !, ,7I3, and contain ATS, s5s volumes; !;
/ in the slave states they are 275, and contain
! SO, ,462 volumes In the free states the col
lege libraries are 1872, and contain 660, 573
volumes; in the slave states they are 79, and
contain PAS, 24s Volumes II the free states,
/ the church libraries are lO9, and contain ST.
| 723 Volumes in the slave states they are 81,
and contain 5,627 volumes. In the free
states the libraries strictly called public, and
not included under heads already enumer-
ated, are l,05s, and contain l,lO6,397 vol
/ cmes; those of the slave states are l52, and
uontain 27S, ,5ls volumes.
Turn these figures over, look at them in any
/ light, and the conclusion viii be irresistible
/ for Freedom. The college libraries alone of
the free states are greater than all the libra
ries of slavery. So, also, are the libraries OF
Massachusetts, alone greater than all the Ii
braries of slavery and the common school
/ Libraries alone Of New York are more than
twice as large as all the libraries Of slavery
Michigan has 1O7, ,64S volumes in her libra
( ries; Arkansas has 42O.
Among educational establishments, one Of
the most efficient is the Press; and here again
all things testify for Freedom. The free eK-
Gel in the number Of newspapers and periodi-
calls published, whether daily, semi-weekly,
weekly, semi-monthly, monthly or quarter
ly; and whatever their character, whether
literary, neutral political, religious, or scien-
tifc. The whole aggregate circulation in the
free states is 334, LAG, ,2sl in the slave states
81, l,o3s, ,693. In Free Michigan, 3,247, 1856
in slave Arkansas, 377, 900. In Free Ohio,
3O,473, ,4O7; in slave Kentucky, G, 6,5s5, ,s36.-
nslave South Carolina, LASS $50; in Free
Massachusetts,, 1880, 564-a larger number
than in the ten slave states, Maryland, Vir-
ginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Ala
bama, Georgia, Mississippi, Florida, Louisi-
ana, and Texas combined. This enormous
disproportion in the aggregate is also pre-
served in the details. In the slave states, DO
litical newspapers find more favor than any
others; but even Of these they publish only
Al, 243, 2O9 copies, while the free states pub
lish l63, ,5s3, ,66s. OF neutral newspapers
the slave-states publish s,8l2, $40; the free
states 79, l56, 73s. OF religious newspapers
the slave states publish 4,364, s32,; the free
states 29,2sO,652. Of literary journals, the
slave states publish 20,245, $50; the free
states, 57,47S, 1853. And Of scientific jour.
nails, the slave states publish 372, ,972; the
free states 4,52I, ,29O. Of these latter, tht
number Of copies published in Massachusetts
alone is 2,033, ,260-more than FIVE times the
number in the whole land Of slavery. Thus
in contributions to science, literature, religion
and even yOlitics ss attested by the activity
I VI tic PcAAoAleaA lAIalI w lAA0 aA1Lf1 otfHN~i
miserably fail, while darkness gathers ovel
them. And this seems to be increasing witt
time. According to the census of 1910, th'
I. disproportion in this respect between the two
b regions was only as two to one. It is nov
more than i7e TO one, and Is still going on.
The same disproportion appears with re
gard to persons connected with the Press
!, In the free states, the number Of printers wa
4 1922, otwhoml ,229 were in Massachusetts,
in the slave states there were 2,S95, 0
whom South Carolina had only 14l In thu
free states the number of publishers was 33l
7 in the slave states "a. OF these, Massachu
9 sets had 80, or more than twice as many a
Q all the slave states while South Carolini
p had none. In the free states, the authors Wer
70; in the slave states 9-of whom Massa
chusetts had IL, and South Carolina 2. Thes
+ suggestive illustrations are all derived from
the last official census. But if we go 70 othe
sources, the contrast is still the same. Of tn