Orleans independent standard. [volume] (Irasburgh, Vt.) 1856-1871, 1860-12-14

/ JDlon, cannot DC AcknoF &edged. Such
, authority is believed to bs utterly repug-
, nant both to the principle spon which the
general government Is constituted and to
: the objects which it was expressly formed
, to attain"
i II is not pretended thaiany clause in
! the constitution gives coanenance 90 such
a theory. l, is altogether founded upon
interference, not from any language con-
! tanned in the instrument aself. but from
! the sovereign character # the several
, States by which it was ratsed. But is il
beyond the power Of Stsse. like an in
! dividual, to yield porto of its soyer-
eign rights to secure reaainder Ii
! the language of Mr.. MsdlSn, who has
been called the father of Is constitution.
: =" 1t was formed by the States acting in
their highest sovereign capacity and
formed consequently by the same author.
ity which formed the State constitutions. .
Nor is the government Of the United
States created by The constitution, less a
government in the strict sense of the
: term, within the sphere Of its powers,
J than the governments created by the
) constitutions Of the Stats are, within
their several spheres. It's, like them,
! organized into legislative, executive, and
Judiciary departments. Itoperates, like
t them, directly upon persons and things
! and ike them, it has at command phys
) ical force for executing The powers COM
: lmitted to Il.
! 1t was intended to be perpetual. and
: not to be annuiled at the pleasure of any
{ one of the contracting parties. The old
5 articles of confederation were entitled
: Articles of Confederation and Perpet-
) ual Union between the States :" and by
7 the thirteenth article it is expressly de-
: elaEed that " the articles of this confed-
: GRAFTON shall be inYiolahly observed by
D every State, and the Union shall be per-
2 petual." The preamble to the eonstitu-
: ton of the United States, having express
: reference to the article bf confederation,
D recites that il was established in order to
e form more perfect union." And yet it
t is contended that this " more perfect
r union" does not include the essential at.
: tribute of perpetuity.
: But that the Union was designed to be
. perpetual appears conclusiyely from the
nature and extent Of the powers conferred
e by the constitution on the federal govern
D ment. These powers embrace the very
S highest attributes Of national sovereignty
n They place both the sword and the purse
S under its control. Congress has power tc
= make war, and to make peace to raise
: and support armies aud navies, and K
4 conclude treaties with foreign govern
t ments. 1t is invested with the power t
2 coin money, and to regulate the valut
j thereof, and TO regulate commerce viii
: foreign nations, and among the severa
: States 1t is not necessary to euume
rate the other high Powers which hav,
5 been conferred upon the federal govern
It ment. In order to carry the enumerated
Y powers into effect, Congress possesses tht
Il exclusive right to lay and collect dutie
= on imports, and in common with th,
e States to lay and collect all other taxes
y But the constitution has not only con
If ferred these high powers upon Congress
:. but it has adopted effectual means to re
i strain the States from interfering will
+ their exercise. For that purpose it has
n in strong prohibitory language, expressly
IT declared that "no State shall enter int
!. a treaty, alliance or confederation gran
i letters of marque and reprisal; eoir
! money; emit bills of credit; make any
a thing but gold and silver coin a tender il
o payment of debts; pass any bills Of at
If tainder; er post facto law, or law impair
., ing the obligation of contracts" More
e over, " without the consent of Congress
l. no State shall lay any imposts or dutie
2f on any imports or exports, except wha
= may be absolutely necessaryfOr executing
i its inspection laws )" and, if they exceel
) this amount, the exeesses belong to tn
b, United States.
/ And "no State shall, without the con
b sent of Congress, lay any duty on ton
1t mage keep troops, or ships Of war, il
a time of peace enter into any sgreemen
rs or compact with another State, or with
d foreign power; or engage ia war, unles
actually invaded, or in such immineu
1T danger as will not admit of delay"
sr In order still farther to secure the Ut
Is interrupted exercise Of the sehigh power
d against State interposition, it is provides
Of 4" that this constitution and the laws I
j. the United States which shall be mad
at in pursuance thereof and all tFeatie
ne made or which shall be made, under th
Is authority of the United States, shall !
N the supreme law Of the land; and tb
ie judges in every State shall be boun
es thereby, anything in the constitution {
IA laws of one State TO the contrary no
a. withstanding."
at The solemn sanction Of religion hi
j. been superadded TO the obligations Of of
y cisl duty, and all Senators and Repr
1T sentatives of the United States, all men
re bers Of State Legislatures, and all exc
nt utive or Judicial officers, " both Of Il
BIT United States and Of the several State
shall be bound by oath or affirmation
lis support this constitution"
at In order to carry into effect these POI
. ers, the constitution has established a pc
~ feet government in al its ferns, legisl
at tive, executive, and judicial, and Il
- government, to the extent Of is powe
m acts directly upon the citizens Of eve
- = State, and exercises its own decrees
Of the agency Of its own officers. In Il