The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-12-30

fed with members OF the Legislature and their friends
There eight churches in Columbia one Of which Il
plain the Episcopal in different styles OF ootnic
rough cast and the Presbyterian church IS spc.
of plain Tuscan architecture This city i suppisu re-
excellent spring water which Is distributed from ~
servor. -, -.
The State House which Is fast approaching com
pleton will be splendid and substahllal eue IN, 80.
being constructed principally 81 granite VI a is In, os
and fine texture, which is procured WITHIN 'nLoe , ~
where saw a number of negroes at work. The sound
Of their hammers mingled WIN the musiS VI wv,
and they appeared e % ud sy feet in length ncud
ing two wings eighty three feet IN wilth wlio tug mani
building is hundred and thifty zee. m'ae. P y,
terrace Ave feet above the sidewalk, WIN o. AZ
the base OF the building. Besides the senate cham
her and Representative hall, there WIN DO lle
library and rooms for all the executive oncers
Of he government. Tennessee marble VIII DO
used lor the Cornthan columns which viii support the
noco and for Innings of walls on the principal story,
While Italian mar bic will be employed for some window
cases and other ornamental purposes Mr. H. n broWn,
~ the Art Commission il btsiiy engaged in executing
several designs be cut in marble for the adornment OF
the building On each side Of the grand entrance there
viii he marble Roman fasces, the emblem OF authority,
over which will be two eagles and two melaon ous's VI
the distinguished McDuie and Hayne, OF Carolina, sur
mounted by festoons Of the cotton plant The tympa
NUN Of the north pedment VIII be filled with ato.reei
l. present engaged The centre figure, which Is thr
teen feet high, y already modelled IN, aes,s r
represents the arms of the State in the per
son OF female walking on the seashore
70 her left Is seen palmetto , @ee' .ro and
Of hope beside her Justice, with her sword anu
scales and lion her feet isseen one side, and on
the other the Goddess OF Liberty with the American
eagle rising beside her At the extreme end on ne ert
of this central group negroes are represented ng
cotton aud rolling bales of the material While on
tbe right the culture or rice i aegorcly represented
Representations Of the great staples o. INC o mn,
wealth WIZ thus % a aeca,aieS Five hundred
persons are employed on the building Al inc Stone
cutters and mechanics are white men II nothing inter
- fba ~ he
viii be completed in about two years ana the cost WIZ
not be far from three millions OF dollars The sum re-
qurcd for the ensuing year To proceed with the WORK
$500 600
one Of the principal features of Columbia l. its
beautiful private gardens Nearly every residence has
garden attached TO IT, There any many elegant mansions
here aud instances several devoted ex
clusyey TO flower gardens Not to be invdious II Is
SAFE TO saw perhaps that those belonging to Mrs. Lyons
and Mrs Hampton the choicest. The former lady
takes personal pride ~ her trees and flowers anu mas
a large collection Of greenhouse plants grape vines
and choice eyergreens. magnificent mammoth magno.
liza tree which when IN blossom, = competely covered
with ls,yers that emit deecabe aroma, i the pride OF
her garden Iamptons garden il tho largest IN 20
umba Three devoted e fruits and vegetanies
and three acres moro 20 flowers ana eversreehs' IN
~ m through tho you will notice vines climbing
on the walls the hoor 70 the roof oholcs te',
Cinnamon SAG palm arrowroo date and sweet orange
trees The delicate perfume OF the spice tree WIZ delight
vou while your eyes may gaze at the massive icsNeso
The Chinese and East India bananas. There are lrge
number Of beautiful acasias and many varieties (" yau
able cactus from California Brazil AMI other parts O ,e
globe addition to hesc there are elegant specimens
raeas and other beautiful flowers That known as the
bird OF paradise particularly remarkable LOT ~
novelty and beauty. The odor OF this place pefecuy
delightful In the open garden great ieh ~ sAlh ani
taste been displayed In laying out the walks anu ar
ranging the trees aud arhors Nearly every Tree = an
evergreen, that Il has the double advantage OF
being a winter well summer garb'h
You stroll through the garden ior an hour
or more, following the winding walks through
arbors between high hedges OF mock orange, and you
viii yet have new paths to see and new trees ana
flowers TO examine. Various varieties OF cedar trees,
hpvu vii no Lebanon,
Not less numerous specimens 81 pine trees from
England ard C,ernany As wen a. America. Prominent
among the latter the Westinghouse large pine tree
from California. There plenty OF olaas anu mayno
las each Of which has beautiful blossom ana dell
cous perfume. Scotch ivy may be observed huggng INC
trunks and limbs of many OF the trees from the ground
TO the topmost branches The birds love 70 build their
nests these trees, and they make the air meios
dous with their songs delicate weeping cypress ap
pearcd TO be the most beautiful ,re, IN an
IN, IN ,bs sara nnan arden there almost every
possible kind and variety In their seasons you can seq
innumerable varieties OF roses and dahs IN no1ry az
the gardens Any person who wishes may have the
privilege walking through these gardens; and the
privilege nconsiderab.e on, Tor in the spring
time, when these gardens are in bloom, Columbia y
almost like a heaven upon earth.
word about the people The churches are generally
well attended, except occas onaly at this scasol when
the days are cold Tho galleries apart for the
coored peope-a good representation Of whom attend
the SERVICES In some churches the negroes have the
benefit OF religious the afternoon exclusive
~ for themselves. In all cases the instruction =
oral for l. violation Of the laws OF the Commonwealth
10 teach a negro how TO read. Most OF the private
residences furnished with view 20 comfort and con
yeuicnce rather than TO mere show, although sone o.
them furnished IN elegant style Ar, -, apparently
only beginning to be appreciated, bat music y amos
universally cultivated and there Is scarcely house with
any precnsions ~ respeciaby but has IN y at least
piano and perhaps guitar. The hotels Ia Columbia
would compare very unayoraby with those IA the capt
tai o. any Northern state Thcrc i great laek OF neat
and conycncnces aud the absence Of thrift and
want Of regard or the comfort Of guests somewhat
apparent The table would hardly afford acceptable ci
blc for the delicate palate Of epicurc Fowl 4 rather
"A
Tor instance. u something exceedingly rare. The
negro walters however are very rcspctu and attentive
Prom what have previously snii YOU must not con
clude that Columbia perfect Paradisf, tor IKE every
poor people aud considerable wckcdness, la Coum
ba
POPULATION ~ rIx srArE
was unsbc % procure the census OF 1860 AMI was In
formed that II the o the state II
doubtful whether Il would be returned to- the federal
author,ios at Washington FROM various sources how
ever learned that since the last decade o. years a
large number planters had lett the state AMI engrats
with their slaves h. the richer lands Of the Southwestern
States IN The Last report II the Registrar, giving the
returns u the births, marriages and deaths South
carolina Tor the year, there are some interest
very late moment before the publication OF thc last "
this report was 10 hops OF obtaining from rnited
states aarshal The returns o. The census q 1850 bit =.
they have not yet come IN from all the districts am
compelled 10 usc again those Of 1850 According y that
census the popaa,a 81 south Carolina consiscd q eos
COZ ndtyduals 81 whom 3Il SOS whites $3.50 Tres
colord, and Isl pet saycsthc proportions ~ each
being, whites s1os, ire oolorcd i5i ani si.ve- 5's,
iai0n has increased slowly tn rat Of aim
steadily diminishing nj the time the proportion Of
slaves 70 the whole population has advanced regularly
that OF the whites has fallen % correspondngy and tn,
free coored have remained nearly stationary In 1870
the population OF this state formed ga pr cnt OF ths
total population OF the Union bat 10 1850 4 had diminish
ed 70 only > pr mt With respect % ths proportion
Of 49, .7s7 whit males and 13d ,sl5 fsmtes,
~ 81 females TO 100 males. ~ the free coOTei 4i5l
males and females il6 ~ fcmalcs to 100 males of
avcs lsT 56 males ant l9s females los % fcmll.s
% 100 males In the total population there was pro.
conference -
condition OF things except Ia the New Ea.lani
states where the femacs have always bsea
Other parts Of the United states the males
are m excess from 81 10 per cent In 1850, the total
white population Of the Cnitcd states, including New
England, gave male OF per coat AMI tho total
slave population % the southern states only 05 per cslt
The Tree coiorei population however gives female cS
scse q 10 per cent I"
IN aIlualng . table which he prepared hs remark