Nebraska advertiser. [volume] (Brownville, Nemaha County, N.T. [Neb.]) 1856-1882, 1860-03-01

4
be exposed in the best possible way 70 the
action of the atmosphere and all gasses
therein contained detrimental 70 the ex-
tension Of the fine 6brous roots Of the
plants be removed before The planting
season is commenced. The rigor Of the
eIe nen,s will likewise destroy myriads
of insects in the form Of eggs and larEa,
which so often commit such depredations
on our trees. and have entirely lefl the
ground. Il may be narrowed down for
the convenience of working. Now pro-
ceed TO mark on. the ground according to
the dislauoe required for the varieties Of
trees you are about to plant, placing a
mark where each hole is to be made for
the reception of the roots, which if made
to range every way, will have very
/ pleasing effect, will admit the currents
of air and the suns influence more efec-
tually, and make The orchard still more
convenient for tillage. The proper dis
iances, if for standard apple trees, is 30
feet; pyramids on apple stocks, IL feet
dwarfs on doucain or Paradise stocks, 10
feet; standard pears, 90 feet; pyramids
on pear stocks, II feet; dwarfs on the
ounce stock, 10 to II feet; peaches IL
feet standard cherries Is feet; dwarfs
8 feet; standard plumbs l5feel; dwarfs
! 10 feet. The holes should be opened
from three to four feet in diameter, and
from Is inches to two feet in depth
Fill the hole up within couple of inch.
es to the level of the surface with rich
surface soil, mixing in small quantity
of the refuse of charcoal pit or leacheG
ashes. Raise a small knoll in in the
center, on which place the tree about sc
be planted.
l would here wish to impress on The
mind of the planter to be particular and
expose the roots TO the sun and dry winds
as little as possible. Many trees are de.
stroyed, before the tree is planted. Ex'
anime the roots; see if their extreme.
ties are bruised, and if they should be
take sharp knife and cut off the bruis-
ed part, always cutting from the lower
side upward, which will give the root the
best chance to heal before decay SETS in.
Place the tree upon that mound, sprea1 !
out the roots in the most natural posi-
l ion for their growth. While the hole
is being filled up with soil, give the tree
q gentle shake, up and down, so that the
soil will come in contact with all the mi
nutest ibres; then pcur on a pailful of
water, which will settle the soil and roots
together press it gently with the foot,
raise the s il around the tree, about six
inches above the level of the ground /;
cover the whole with an inch or two of
charcoal as a mulch, which will keep the
ground moist and prevent the young trees
from suffering by drouth. The trees be-
ing thus planted, and secured from the
disaster of every kind, by every means
his skill can devise. But the whole is not
yet accomplished. There is one more
duty yet to be performed, which if ne
elected would render the whole Of the
labor already done in vain, that is after
culture. For of all the thousands of trees
that are annually planted in all parts of
country. l may safely say that more los
ses are received by the neglect Of this
most important point than by all other
errors. Could we reasonably expect our
fruit trees TO thrive and flourish, be they
ever so healthy when planted. when a
crop of grass and weeds consume all the
moisture that was provided for the roots
of the trees? We most assuredly would
not expect any of our ordinary field crops
were they left uncared for, to repay the
cost Of sowing. And BY what reason can
we expect our fruit trees to repay US un-
der such treatment!
Most hOed crops may, with advantage
be planted between the rows of trees !;
such as potatoes, turnips, carrots, beets.
&C., which viii pay the cost Of cul.iva-
tion. But corn, although a hoed crop,
should not be planted between them, as
it grows too tall, shading the young trees
too much from the action Of the sun, and
impeding due circulation of air, which
causes the ripening of the wood to be
accomplished too late in the season thus
endangering the tree to be killed by the
frost. The influence OF good culture on
fruit is almost incredible to persons un-
acquainted with the nature of fruit. Iti
larger, finer grained, and the favor con-
siderably improved. Whereas. with. bad
culture, no estimate of the true charuc-
ter Of fruit can be made. In order TO
attain to this high state Of development,
judicious pruning is indispensable. This
operation has two objects which must al
IL e.,,,.,, - l,ors -, -. TsLo 6rst i-