The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1860-01-19

NEW YOR
Stewards Organ DELAYING War Against
the SOUTH
on TUESDAY lSS
Gartrell, Of Georgia, (democrat} said =
wi IN the first place, announce solsmnly, dsagrssa-
BILE though may be to you, - indeed to and 70
FAC. here % day, that his sssression Continues upon
The slaveholdng people Of the South they viii be COM
PEELED By every principle Of Justice Or honor and Of
Union. pe'':a0ly 4 We may, i0rcSly We must :.
can Presidency the people Of the South, in my Judgment
will consder an act and declaration Of war and
take immediate measures for redress.
have not time to elaborate all tho questions that rise
20 my mind In connection with this subject, but say
that the people oi Georgia Of South Carolina, Of Hassa
cbusets Pennsylvania may whenever they desire H.
dissolve the Union stand upon this doctrine - con-
served right Of ali the States The gentleman nom
PennsylvsniA lAr Hickm.n), in speaking Of disunon
sion Of territory by Mason and Dxons line or any other
line say no. thai shall not be-" express my opinion,
ssss the North ~ never don Of
sentiment which was spplauded by republicans who en-
Mr.. HICKMAN, (rep.) of Pa.-lf am offered an oppor.
unity all stats exactly what said
The floor being yielded, he continued,-
come, ever 6nOulQ come,
when dissolution Of the Union win be persisted in by hs
people Of any State, by the people Of many States At
the South win be found at that time that there Is set
tied Determination to prevent disunon ct all cost and ct
any sacrifice That "a what said In this place. then
said have eighteen millions Of people al the North 10
eight millions Of the South that have all the appliances
Of art and sciences people trained Industry and say
now that We can make more arms and munitions Of war
ninety days than The South can purchase We pro-
cure more volunteers 70 enrol themselves under that ban
ner which shall have inscribed upon Il The
constitution and the Union" than can be raised
mean, and hope misapprehension may 20 out and
De et hereafter e 70 my meaning. win say single
word further. Gentlemen seem 70 congratulate then-
selves here Of the idea that there division OF feeling
IN the North on the subject Of the maintenance Of the
Union Now, sir, say that while the democrats are
and while the member from Georgia declares that the
election Of republican to the Chair WILL ipso aco be the
Moth s aeDmsS o mo S Uon ~ ..Vs
that bis people back him in the opinion that the election
Of republican President Speaker would be cause Of
divided North In favor Of the maintenance Of the Union
the Constitution, and that we are determined TO pepetu
publican benches and rom the galsries)
She was the judge Thai remedy herself she knew her
rights and dare maintain them. She had dreamed
of creating an inernecine within the Union There
was o peaceful-a constitutional remedy. She had
the confederacy-( applause nom the democratic dis
nionists)-whenever the heavy hand Of oppression
vas laa on her Whenever she felt that the burdens Of
the Union more than counterbalance the benefits she
would say, with that quiet and dignity which became her
proud and ANCIENT renown, withdraw myself from your
proud and elevated ground Of pure independent undee
gated sovereignty which never parted with, and by Him
VINO maze me never VIII consent to divide with you
the Union but she would quit the instant she thought
proper 70 do co. She held to the rights the States
an absolute ndefeasble right That right protective
in ts character, not aggressive defensive not oensve
q shield, and not sword; or ii sword was as that
s %
70 such % would attempt invade the sacred precincts
that guards That was vrginas doctrine, and neither
quent, and able and chivalic and brave, but he wss
his sentiments. He for state sovereignty, pure and
absolute and never intended to give up (Applause.)
Although q week has passed since this debate
occurred We republish the foregoing portion Of it,
rather for the purpose Of reference hereafter than
for any present comment.
Those who are familiar with Congressional de-
bates need not be told that the general character
of Southern speeches on the floor Of the House OF
Representatives is characterized BY reckless do
pancy rather than by dignity, discretion or judg.
ment And the speeches OF such men AZ Keitt,
Gartrell, Leake and some twenty others, who have
tSo Hoy.s ana sasssy On the floor
the Presidency, or Sherman as Speaker, would be
abundant cause for dissolution Of the Union, and
that the South will therefore secede, are only evil
dences Of the weakness and folly of those who
country the feelings and opinions of any large por
ton OF their constituents. It is melancholy to re-
nect that such tceok and childish men can be elect
mind that all political power In the Southern
country is in the hands Of the two hundred and fifty
thousand shareholders, and that a naaorsty of The
st1 millions of"poor rhtte men" scho do not hold
sidues are IN such miserable condition that
books hare been published and circulated in fauor
of reducing them TO state of Slavery! And many
Southern presses have openly advocated such pro:
ceediDg. 1t follows then, that these "fre-eaters,"
as they boastfuly call themselves. represent simply
the slave power of the South, or in other words,
the two hundred and fifty thousand Of the six mil
lions of white and four millions of colored popua
ton of the Southern States.
The idea of enslaving the poor white population
OF the South is by no means new one; and it is
expressly defended by its advocates upon the
ground that the slavery of the Bible was not negro
slavery, but white slavery; and that negro slavery
was the exception. In regard to the present con-
dion of the great mass of the white population Of
the South, Governor Hammond uses the following
laDguage:-
They obtain precarious subsistence by occasional jobs
by hunting, BY fishing, BY plunderiDg fields or fods
and too often by what In liz effects Is far WORSE trad
ing with slaves, and inducing them TO plumber for their
benefit.
Mr.. Farren, another Southern writer, says-In the
more southern portion Of this region the nonslaye-
holders possess generally but very small means and tho
land which they possess almost universally and
sterile that scanty subsistence all that can be derived
from s cultivation, and the fertile soil being in the
Of the possession Of those who have none.
Mr. William Gear, Of South Carolina, treating upon the
same subject, says that any who observer Of
things could hardly pass through our country without
being struck with the fact that all the capital enterprise
and intelligence ID employed in directing slave labor and
the, consequence p that large portion q our poor
white people wholly neglected, and they are suffered
to while away an existence In state but one step IN I'D
vance Of the Indian Of The forest II s evil ii vast
magnitude and nothing but change In public sentiment
viii effect ~ cure.
This state Of thiDgs-this horrible debdsen,ent Of
millions of tohite ld6oreTs schen tohite tconen are
seen scOrking IN the cotton field side By side soith
the negro, for the paltry sum Of twenty-five cents
per days the natural and inevitable consequence
Of the debasng influence of the institution Of ala
very upon nee labor. And 1t Il the knowledge Of
this fact that induces the republican party to array
itself against the extension of the slave institution
into the free territory Of the Union. And ,olat Is
the remedy proposed at the South for Ibis debase.
nnet Of the tchtk man produced BY TIE insttslsion
Of slavery? Why, simply 70 reduce this s0hie
population 70 slavery, for which they claim Bible
warrant, a. "the only means of elevating them
to the moral condition Of the negro" But this
s no worse than the law Of Arkansas,