The eastern clarion. [volume] (Paulding, Miss.) 1837-1863, 1859-05-04
Agrieultnral.
OOuHLIY UchttNluH-
uIn-and-in Breeding ~

From the Country Gentleman.
"In-and-in Breeding"
There is no subject that demands great
er knowledge or more skill on the part
of the husbandman, than stock breeding
and feeding. Notwithstanding much has
been done in the way of improving
the various kinds of domestic animals,
much still remains to be done before per-
fectly satisfactory results shall be attained.
Size. form, hardness, quick maturity, ten
dency to fatten quickly, quality of flesh,
hide, milking qualities aptitude of labor,
disposition,-t best breed or blood, as
the breeder would say These are topics
relating to plants of essential Importance
to every breeder, grazier and dairyman.
The farmer who breeds cattle for the
| shambles, desires that kind that will make
the greatest amount, and the best quality
| of beef in the shortest time, from the feed
consumed; if for the dairy, the kind that
will produce the greatest quantity of
milk, if to be sold by measure; the great
est amount of cream. if butter be the OBJ
ject, and of caseine, if cheese be wanted
Reference is also had by others to the ca
pacity to work in the yoke. The kind of
cattle best for the farmer to select, will
| depend upon what he wants to do with
them. For, so to speak, they are machines
| kept by farmers to change vegetables of
various kinds into beef. milk, butter,
! cheese, &c, and the breed that will pro-
| duce the greatest amount of the best beef
from a given amount of feed and in the
shortest time, will be deemed the best ma
chine for changing grass into beef and fer
tilizers; the latter being an important
item in good farming.
Successful efforts have been made with
in one hundred and fifty years in improy-
ing cattle not less than any other domes-
tic animals. Much attention is now di-
rected to the further improvements of
the various breeds of live stock. The
mode of carrying these to their highest
degree of perfection, necessarily involves
the much and often-mooted question sin
and-in breeding" 1t is proposed to fur
nish further testimony on this subject
from the best and most reliable sources
testimony furnished by breeders of stock,
derived from both experience and obser-
vatiOn.
George Culley, in his observations on
Live Stock" says that
The great obstacle to the improvement
of domestic animals seems to have arisen
from a common and prevailing idea
among breeders, that no bull should be
used in the same stock more than three
years, and no tup more than two; because,
(say they if used longer, the breed will
be too near akin, and the produce will be
tender. dimiR,tire, and liable to disorders
: some have imbibed the prejudice so far a.
to think it irTeGqiOlp, and if by chance
they were in possession of the best breeC
in the Island, would by no means put
male and female together that had haC
| the same sire, or were out of the same
, dam.
, but fortunately for the public, there
have been men in different lines of breed
, ing, whose enlarged minds were not to bt
q bound by vulgar prejudice or long estab
; lished modes, and who have proved b,
! many years experience, that such notion
{ are without any foundation.
> Mr.. Bakewill has not had cross 70
upwards of twenty years. His best stool
has been bred by the nearest affnities
{ yet they have not decreased in size nei
: ther are they less hardy, nor liable to dis
orders; hut on the contrary, have kept Il
! a progressive state of improvement.
: This mode has also been practiced i
breeding the best dogs and game cocks
}. A certain gentleman who produced tn
best pointers in the North of England fo
p many years, never bred from any Othe
: than his own: because, said he, / can fin
4 no better to cross them with. And | ar
f informed from good authority, that
q breeder of game cocks, who was very SUI
q cessful, would never allow his breed to b
contaminated by crossing with others
and to this precaution he attributed a
his superiority"
This confirms the experience of Colont
: Jaques, given in a former article on tn
subject, especially that narrated in til
last.
= Culley goes on TO say:
e But one of the most conclusive arg
l. ments that crossing with different stoc
> Is not necessary to secure size, hardines
e &c, is the breed of wild cattle in Chillin
II ham Park, in the county of Northumbe
y land. 1t is well known these cattle hay
y been confined in this park for sever
II hundred years, without any intermixtur,
H. and are perhaps the purest Jreed of catt
;! in the kingdom. From their situate
II and uncontrolled state, they must ind
II putably have bred from the nearest affir
; ties in every possible degree; yet we fiji
N these cattle exceedingly hardy, and we
y formed, and their size as well as their cC
or, and many other particulars and pee
:" larities, the same as they were 500 yea
> ago.
e, From these instances, it appears the
can be no danger in breeding by the nel
~ est athnities, provided they are possess
w in a superior degree of the qualities we wi
sc : to acquire; but if not possessed of thes
IL then we ought to procure such of 4
Vi same kind as have, in the most emine
{ degree, the valuable properties we thin
lu our own deficient in. 1t is certainly fro
Ut the best males and females that best 6rc,
hg can be obtained or preserved to breed
NJ this manner is undoubtedly right, so To-
hg as better males can be met with. not on
hu among our neighbors, but also among t
,Le most Improved breeds in any part of the
ne land or from any part of the world, pl
=, vided the expense does not exceed t
NJ proposed advantage. And when you C
gu no longer, at home or broad, find BEL
iai males than your own, then by all mea
nc breed from them; whether horses, catt
he sheep, or other animals, for the same RI
~ holds good through every species of {
ne mestic animals. But upon no account
F., tempt to breed or cross from ,corSC tn
"iIo " your own, for that would be acting in C
'N tradiction to common sense. experien
and that well established rule, That b
~ can get best or, which is particu
he' case of a more general rule, viz: Like
gets like
'On this simple axiom the whole m
terry of improving stock depends, al
like many other valuable truths, has be
neglected, most probably for its simplci
and other modes pursued as whim or f
7: cy directed, without either reason or
= pertinent to support or give the least
or of plausibility to the practice"
HE Thus has the writer quoted at LEM
the admirable and philosophic remarks
George Culley, an English author Of eel
rity, both as a writer and stock breed
Arthur Young describes him as "a mar
as s,, the most extensive practice and the de
est knowledge of his art"
CoLUNELLA