The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-07-22
THE WAR IN EUROPE.

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Historical AID Pohca' skc Q, Z, om its Com
mencement to tho trmistIcc.
The news recev we'd by the Africa Of an armstice DO
tween the Emperors Ausr and France, proposed by
tie latter, carries back tn min not only the origin
and commencement of this war; but 10 tho With Rus
sa, ia which the French Emperor aiso proposed an
armistice after the destruction Of the Turkish
fleet Snope, and before the allied armies took any
tive part In the In autograph letter the Czs,
in which he pays him very high com j meats ald
goes on to define the position which Eiyand and
France had desired to occupy In the disputes between
Russia and Turkey and Of the and compulsory phase
which the affair at Sinope had impaired to that POSITION
Louis Napoleon proposed that armstice should now DO
signed, that diplomacy should ih course, that
all hostlities should cease, and that tho bellige.
rents should returp-thst the Russian troops should
abandon the Prncipalies and the allied squsdrons the
Black ses-that the Gar might appoint ambassador
who could negotiate with plenipotentary OF the Sultan
convention which might be submitted to conference Of
the four Powers. This proposition WAS rejected by the
Emperor Of Russia. After the tall Of the MalskOT and
the Redsn and the Russians evacuated the fortress OF
Sebasopo the French Emperor having gained his point
again proposed aImistice, which accepted, and
which shortly after led to the peace This took every
body by snrprse just the armstce does now and the
English papers against the French Emperor
for stopping the when his troops had got oil the
glory and the English none though the British 60
verDment had to pay the expenses Of the campaign.
Whether the present almstcs will lead peace remains
to be seen.
Napoleon has been accu'ed Of foment'ng this war and
standing in the way Of peace between Sardinia and Aus
ra when friendly relations were ured bstween these
Powers. His remark New Years day to the Austrian
Ambassador that che sorry that the relations Of
government with the government of anc Joseph
bad, " has been quoted evidence Of foregone
cuson-one that bad been arrived at after the sigma.
ture Of the treaty Of Paris, by which the Da-
nuban PriDcipalites were left divided; whereas
Napoleon desired to have them united order that they
might thus present bulwark against Austria t,waycs
the Levant-and tina. e!nlar motive influence! him In
embsrkiDg IN the Italian war, namely, to place indie.
pendent and united Italy, friend and ally between him
and the same Power, whose steady encroachments in
Italy and vast military Notifications threatened not
only the absorption OF the whole Of that country
into the Auitrian empire, but at some future day
invasion Of France tell Some sagacious
observers have laid the foundation Of this war in
The interview between the Emperor o. France and Russia
at Stuttgart in the year after the peace which was ar
encs Of Napolen An entente codiale s supposed to have
been established between the two Empcrors then and
there, and programme drawn up, Of which the Italian
but single act in the DRAMA and that Russia was
have her share the spos another direction that
both Emperors sgreed Austria acted q double
and cowardly part during the Crimean war,
and that would be just retrbution to humble and
punish her by reducing her dimensions and gripping her
power. Others have found a sufficient motive for the
French Emperors part in the Italian . desire to
provide q kingdom for Prince Napoleon, who had
go recently formed q matrimonial alliance with
the King Of sardinia's dasghter-pe-haps, even,
to restore the Murat family to the throne
of Naples. Some discovered Interior object
the conquest Of continental Europoaier which he would
be invade "perldious Altion avepee Waterloo
and complete the work his great uncle left unfinished
Laatly his is attributed TO the Law self preser.
vaton-the necessity Of keeping his army employed the
necessity Of staving of the attacks OF revolutionary
sassns who regarded him the chief barrier in the way
ofthe liberties Of European nations and said that he
entered into solemn engagement with Orsin before his
execution that he would free Italy from her yrans In
consideration Of which the attacks his life would
for the future WHAT confirm this belief Is that
the King Of Sardinia (o with Napoons sancton)
fraernized at very early date with the leading revolu
tonary spirits Of Italy including Garbald and took
into his SERVICE giving them high posts Of trust and
mand.
But whatever may been Napoleon's motives II
admitted by the Derby administration-,he friend
Ausrahat he did all he could do with dignity 10 bring
about peace, and operated to the fullest extent with
the English government 10 attain that object But it was
charged that Sardinia continued provoke Austria by
her defiant warke attitude, and by her harboripg
political refugees and revolutonisis who had escaped
from Lombardy To this IL may be replied that while
Austria increased her armament would be folly the
part Of Sardinia to humble attitude and pc.
cal refugees sought lum within her territory
because the oppression Of Austria provoking
voluon among her people, and that was likely to
spread all Italy This the special plea of the
French Emperor for going into the war-that he wished
to prteent anirusal revolution ard anarchy
The Austrian Emperor refused every reasonable propo
siticn for peace negotiation insisting that sardna
should cisarm preliminary to any conference In the
last interview with the Brah Ambassador he is repre-
have said il necessary teach the French
Emperor Lesson in the art of We think that BY
this time the Austrian Emperor has taught lessor
n that ert which he is not likely to forget He in
creased his military preparations, which had been goln;
On before large scale, and concentrated troops
Vienna, which blessed by the Archbishop aud
into Italy. Not only 10 the Tyrol and the Lombardo
Venetian provinces we're masses Of troops despatched
beyond what the defence Of these required
but into the Duches and States Of the Church. viii were
part OF the Austrian dominions This psiny In
violation Of the treaty Of Vienna Sardinia also armed
in which supposed she was encouraged by Napoleon
abe proceeded vigorously in the work after Count
Cavour had been with the French Emperor at Paris And
when Lord Cowy peace mission the Emperor o. Aus
tria failed the English government ordered the armament
Of $50 gunboas and understood tsat they agreed
mil pruc IN ur
suppose what was left Of those violated treaties. Az
yet Prussia had made move, and declared
through her Minister for Foreign Affairs, on the
10th Of March, that she had made no engage
men.s In reference TO the threatened war
whereupon the Cabinet OF Vienna issued diplomatic
circular show that the interests Of Austria in Iay
Identical with the interests Of the entire German