davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The southern enterprise. [volume] (Greenville, S.C.) 1854-1870, 1859-08-18
NUMBER is

iEN DOLLARS ron ISIrIAT1os.---s For initiation
into the Order OF the Sons, l have paid two doi-
ars each for my three sons, my son,in. law and
myseii, ana have always TO It. that the week.
" dues have been, kept paid in advance. - So
said grey. hairedJ patriarch, whose works have
shown that he had rather pay ten,fold that
amognt than that one OF those lovely sons should
ever tarry at the wine" Although living four
or five miles from the place Of meeting. and be-
ing almost Q tirely DEF eident ppon the labor Of
ssv. hands for support. vet seldom docs LA
doubleseated buggy fail to pay IFS weekly visit
TO the Division, bearingits Preeions freight, the
father and the sons. Ever sipce ibis connexion
with the Order, we have admired fis devotion
to the cause. = And his eohstancy amid sunshine
yiners hettar able to s,Ass .e And rsn naf or
sacrifices than he. 90 7-'77, T-l--'''--
This, reader, is the proper spirit And what II
toe ootom OF every father in the land were ami.
mated by iti How long, think you, before ths
monster vice would be banished from, our bor.
derst We all know the power of q father,s ins
;husnce. How perfectly naturnl for his bos. y.
follow hseSample and how natural for them to
tread in hisfootsieps in the Division foon the ex-
perience Of al has seem. And there are n,any
fathers Ia every community. who should enrol
themselves among thechampsous Of Tempefance.
Il forno other reason. for the sake OF their pre-.
,cious sops-~Soa Of Temperance. .s
An Isposror prrrcrfD,- ~ am thi. day IA re-
eeipt Of q letter from DIR. g. G Griffin, of De.
morois, Alabama, in which the Doctor says- s
- rhere is ono Mr.. Pike fruit tree hTent for the
Genesa Nurseries. New York,Ewno Is cuuv u.,, ~
that region Of the State and to induce the plant.
eFs 10 Iisrei.,sse HE kreas he lMr Pikel informed
them that DR. Cloud had giyen.h an order for
$4,000 worth Of treesi In jestice 10 m yself and
TO my many distant friends I'thuS promptly and
publicly nssure Dr.. Griffin, and all Others that
have not given Mr. Pike an order for dimes
worth OF fruit or any other trt es 4 Mr. Pike via
I'd t5seii me bin of his trees at greatly reduced
rdtes. MY friend, MIR. Nelson, who has experi-
ence on the subject, assured me that his North.
ern fTccs would not answer we'll here 1t Il
we'll then, to be on your guard for MFR. Pike. II
he will impose on you such falsity, to induce YOU
70 purchase, Is it not probable he may impose
on yon IN any order you may give hm7
- -,t IN. b. CLOUD, NJ. D."
Montgomery, Ala, July 80, 1859.
The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-01-05
-
$usirtess Gar0s.

q. CARPENTERS AND BUILDERS,
All work entrusted to them will receive their particular at
Job6ing attended to with punctuality jal.tf
MACDONALD & DUGDALE, 'i'' D''DA-A
RG &c fS 5S.s
diff COR A'hlDEh BGIr Ma6fH AND PRATT ST.
n CASSARD & son,
". PORK PACKERS, HAM CURERs,
Me- RRovisiSS ssA GESsE5fRALM,
rs.ts NOS 4o7 AND 400 p NEST BALTIMORE STREET,
T UTHER J. cox R. B. WARDEN,
IL GEE S Si,sv GoKN NM $50 AGENT AGENTS,
real Es ESTATE GE$% $%STss MORTGAGES AND
T LYLE CLARK CO.,
q. COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
VIRGINIA M tSS fft sA1f Il TOBACCO,
No. lo6W; LOMBARD ST.
III W. DUNCAN, =, ;, ~
TEAS, VINES sA AND Y GROCERIES,
o,et, s. E. CORNER FAIETrE AND PINE STREETS;
mo GAYNoK, rnor,s1ox nr,7rn
Constantly for Bacon HAMS Sides Shoulders Lard
A. COLBERT,
IL. ARCHITECT AND CONTRACTOR,
FoR sdp Il E&tHA &c Az akLEY KINDS
Exchange Place. bet sS fHS GsE @
n. B-CoUNTRY COTTAGES designed and executed with
neatness and dispatch. jy26-tf
John H. ODONOVAN, JR.,
%SD rS RfEs WINES y9 % Of
AND AGENT FOR THE SALE
OLD RYE WHISKEYS,
au2Sn 80 Cheapside Baltimore.
DOE HOWARD
Il WAREHOUSE, NO. 60 PRATT STREET,
. NEAR BOwLY'S WHARF,
Manufacture SASH, DOORS, BLINDS, FRAMES, and all
kinds of SASH FACTORY WORK
, Also furnish every description of BUILDING MATE
oaotfr FACTORY-LOCUST POINT, BALTIC.
7 A. DUSHANE,
q. COMMISSION PAPER DEALER,
NO. 40 SOUTH CHARLES ST,
Lombard,
au2ln BALTIMORE, MD.
TOHN W HOGG,
- ARCHITECT AND PRACTICAL SUPERINTENDENT
FOR PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUILDIVGS
Office 2, (up stars) No. IL South street,
- (NEAR THE SUN BUILDINGD
leg5ly Baltimore
T EONARD VANDEN KERCKHOVE,
STUDIO McELDoWNEY BUILDING,
mrSly Corner Charles and Fayette streets.
The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-01-05
MANUFACTURED TOBACCO.

Received per steamers and for sale by
JACOB HEAD & CO,
n2Iu No, So 5 Gay street.
I EAT TOBACCO.
IL 80 bales H Tobacco, very fine
Just received and for sale by
JACOB HEAD & Co.
No GAYS
The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-01-05
WINES, BRANDIES, RUNS,
RACK TEAS 4

Ga WINES, BRANDIES, RUNS,
G. P TIERyAy FLASK 3 $6E TEAS &c,
Offer for sale the following articles of their own mportaon
particularly for family use:
SHERRY WlNES-Pemartine's finest pale gold and
brown Sherries in wood and in glass
PottI WIN ES--Sandemans competition red and white
Port, In wood and in glass. ~
MADEIRA WlNE@,John Howard Marchs fine Madeira, in
wood and in glass; also, Grape Juice.
HoCk -Jahannesberger, Steinberger, Marcobrun
ner, Gabnet llebfrau- mich, Bronneberg c. ,S!s
CHAMPAGNE WlNES-Moet and Chandon's finest in
quarts and pints. ' "
Brandies - ~ 49, i ~ ~ 3"
RuMS,Od and fine Jamaica Antigua, Grenada and from
the Islands, imported direct from London
HOLLAND GIN-The best quaIity-Tiernan brand-and
no mixture of aromatic poison in it.
200 half chests of the finest SNIrCHnNG
The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-01-05
Commission T(frtbants.

COURTNEYH & son,
u TOBACCO COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
Is SOUTH GAY STREET,
4. $ COURTNEY. Baltimore.
j. A. COURTNEY jaln
The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-01-05
8ati 3uaos.
i .as, IT PHILADELPHIA

po,..,,.-- ,FVh NFlAFUKII, DELAWARE.
Passengers leaving Baltimore at g 30 NJ connect Mt VII
mng"m WITH 20 P NJ train, and P NJ from Baltimore
An colored persons, whether bond or free will
IN 20 Drlig some responsible white person. person
I hhoMh TO the undersigned, who will willing to SIGN
BOND TO the Company, before they will be passed over any
n29f WNr Cp ,wropn -.
The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-01-05
Sbipping.

81 FOR ST. JOHNS, N. B-The fine A
sSss schr ALICE ROGERS, Brayey master. For freight
Apply toCC hllS a fOSl, IS south street jal-l0t
The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-01-05
S1H- II = = - HEST AND SOUTH
On and a BSALTllMoRE AND ONO RAILROAD

follows ' -0' ''S Nf'llI9 VIII run Is
Leave tamden Station, Baltimore-Aail (excppt Srdavl
M ~ NJ EX press daily at sos p NJ for III PARTS III
l. II W f;SI SOL INVEST AND NORTHWEST The Mail
reaches Cumberland at $40 and Piedmont at IN n -
les over next morning. The Express goes diTcctiv
The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-01-05

s$$55I5S FOR CHARLESTON, S. C.
49, THE MERCHANTS LINE-The well known
regular clipper schooner, 'MARYLAND," Capt NJ Nelson
nav ng large portion OF her engaged win sail with
despatch. For freight passage, apply to
CHARLES PENDERGAST,
.,, No. II Smiths wharf
~ All charges paid on goods shipped by this line and
sion. " " ~ p
BHShipPers by this Line will please send duplicate re-
ceipts with each lot of goods.
HENRY P. RUSSELL Esq, Agent in Charleston
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1859-08-04
Original Notice.
TO LEANDER EEYES.

Sir You are hereby notified that there is
now on file in the office of the Clerk OF the
District Court Of Buchanan County, Iowa, 4.
petition of WILLIAM II. CLIFFORD, claiming OF
You Fourteen Hundred Dollars, as money justly
due him from you on a promissory note made
by G.. l.. White to VIM. H. Clifford, for One
Thousand Dollars, bearing date April l, 1856,
and payable on the lst day of November, 1858,
at ten per cent. interest, which note YOU agreed
TO paw, by your contract in writing given to
said Clifford, of date Aug. 5, 1857. Also claim
ing of you the security of another note, of One
Thousand Dollars of same date, and PAYABLE on
Nov lst, 1859, and included in said instru
ment of writing and praying an attachment
to issue for that purpose. And you are ialso
notified that your property is attached in order
to secure both claims. And that unless you ap-
pear and answer said petition on or before the.
morning of the second day of the next term Of
said District Court, Judgment will he rendered
against you as prayed for in said petition
;. $500. .r-n JAMES JAMESON,
May I, 1889. Pltff's Atty.
You are also further notified that the County
Judge of Buchanan County, Iowa, has ordered
The above notice to be published in the Buchan-
an County Guardian, for the time prescribed by
aw.r y j JAMES JAMESON.
Aug. l, 1859. CaO-4w) Pitts Atty.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1859-08-04
TO ALVIN w. BAILy. y lFa

" hLN In w. DAILY
Sir You are hereby notified that there ia
now on file in the office of the Clerk of the Dis
ulct Court In Buchanan county. Iowa, t,eti-
lion OF SAMUEL BIADEN, claiming Of Jam IS
vincent the sum of Six Hundred Dollars, us
money justly due him from said james Vine mt
on "a certain promssory note dated Quasau eton.
July ", 1896, for the sum of -Four Hundred
Dollars, payable three years after date, with in
terest at ten per cent also asking the foreeio
sure OF a mortgage given 10y the said james Win.
cent and Elizabeth Vincent to secure the nay
ment OF said note, on the following premises.
TO wit Northeast quarter of the Northeast omar
ter, and the South half of the Northeast ouarter
OF section Thirty-six township Eighty ei1lt.
North, range nine, West of 9Th p. NJ .also the
Southwest quarter of Northeast quarter, and the
Northwest quarter of the Southeast quarter Of
section Thirty Township Eighty eight North.
OF Range Eight, West of 9Th p. M ), nll in R,,.
chanan county, Iowa. Also PRAYING in said
petition for decree Purchasing and cutting Of.
all right, title, interest and equity of redemption
winch you may have in said premises. And
,hat unless you appear and answer thereto on or
before the morning of the second day Of the
September term, A. ID. 1859, of the District Court
IN and for said county, Judgment will be rem
dered as prayed for in said petition. skLg
WOODWARD Il MARSHALL,
Atty for Pltfs.
| hereby order that the above notice he pub
iished' for the time prescribed by law, in the
Buchanan County Guardian, newspaper pub
ished in buchanan county, Iowa
STEPHEN j. w. TABOR,
aug D. 1919. t2o-4tI County Judge
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1859-08-04
JAMES BUCHANAN.
Kansas Constitutional Convention.
. LEAvENwoRTH, July 90.

The Convention has nearly completed
its labors, ard will probably adjourn to-
morrow. The constitution will be radi.
cally anti-slavery, but differs from the
Leavenworth instrument, inasmuch as il
does not extend the right of suffrage to
negroes. a
The Legislature will consist of seven
ty-tive Representatives and twenty
Senators.
The business of the convention has
been disposed Of with tolerable expeIi-
ton, the question of superintendent and
temporary capital being the only meas
ures which offered serious obstacles 5at
Topeka has been selected as the tenn
porary capital, Lawrence beinga compe-
titor. The efforts Of the partizans of both
places revealed considerable corruption,
both inside and outside of the Conven-
ton, one OF more members being impli-
Gated in bribery. aiuas7 50
The indications are that the ratifica-
ton Of the Constitution will be vigorous
ly opposed by the Democracy, as its
strong measures the annexation of the
Platte district, the exclusion of Free ne
groes. the prohibition of bank of issue,
and the preservation of the present wes-
tern boundary, which includes the gold
region, have all been defeated.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1859-08-04
Dodge Declines.

~ The great and valiant General
AUGUSTUS CESAR DODGE, it is very evil
dent, conceives it the best policy to de-
cline the proposition of the Republican
State Central committee to meet our far
mer candidate ard discuss the political
questions of the day. No limitations
have as yet been given that he accepts,
though the democratic journals were at
first very indignant when it was asserted
that he would not dare TO meet his pow
erful opponent. and declared that we
would find him on hand as soon as he
got through family visiting. Now, how
ever, the Dubuque Herald learns that the
Democratic Central Committee had de-
cided to adopt new method of conduct
ing the canvass, and instead of having
Mr.. DODGE travelling over the State,
have determined to hold mass meetings
in each judicial district, and have large
number ofspeakers. The fact is, DODGE
is no match tor his eloquent, sarcastic
and able opponent, and neither the plat
form upon which he stands, or his own
record, is sufficientto bear him up against
the powerful attacks which his friends
know he must expect from Mr.. KIRK
wooD. They have therefore decided to
get up a series of brilliant pow vows
throughout the state, where they may go
through the process of self glorification
without fear of contradiction or Interrupt
ton. Brave democracy unterrifed de-
mocracy! democracy that puts trust in
principles
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1859-08-04
ORIGINAL Notice.

TO r. SPAULD1NG, d. j. WILLARD. J.
A. ID. CUSHING, NJ. r. COON ,HEZEKI--
All STURGES, ELIAS j. tENGLEMAN.
HENRY NJ. HUNTINGTON, HEMAN W.
KNAPP, and ALEXANDER GARRETT:
SIRs You are hereby notified that there is
now on file in the Office of the Clerk of the Dis
trict Court in and for Buchanan County, Iowa.
a petition of James Cummins, claiming Of f.. A..
Alexander and Elisha J. Pratt, the sum Of
Thirty five Hundred Dollars, as money Justly
due him from said Alexander q Pratt on two
rromissory notes, each dated Quasqueton, March
25th, 1857, and each for the sum Of one thous-
and threehundred aud eighty-two dollars, pay
able to said James Cummins or order, one Of
them on or before the LIST day of October, 1857,
and the other payable on or before the lst day
of October, 1858, both with interest at ten per
cent. alsoasking the foreclosure of mortgage
given by the said E. A. Alexander to secure
the payment of said notes, on the following
premises, to wit the north half of the north,
east quarter of the northwest quarter of section
"a and the east half of the southwest quarter
and thirty-siX acres off Of the southwest quar-
ter OF the southeast quarter of section 81 : also
thirty acres off of the east side Of the southeast
quarter of the northeast quarter of section 90,
all in township SO north, of range 8 west of the
9th r. NJ, in Buchanan County, Iowa. Also
asking for decree of foreclosure and cutting
OFT all the right, title, interest and equity of re-
demptlon which you or any of you NAV have
in said promises or anylalt thereof as subsequent
purchasers or incumbrancers of said premises.
and that unless You appear and answer thereto
on or before the morning of the second day of
the September term, A. d., 1882 of the Ills.
trict Court in and for said county, Judgment
and decree will be rendered as prayed for in
said petition. E'F#Iil'
WOODW ARD & MARSHALL.
Attorneys for Plaintiff.
hereby order that the above notice lie pub
lished in the Buchanan County Guardian, u
newspaper published in Buchanan County.
Iowa, for the time prescribed by law. ,..r...
STEPHEN j. w. TABOR,
L--v.IL - County Judge.
TndeDend Aur,1sf z 1870 on a.
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1859-08-04

march under Their banner. Can any
body explain the natural phenomenon o.
these gentlemen proceeding in two oppo-
site directions at the same time? If so,
we expect they would confer great favor
upon large number of Democrats, who
cannot understand the strange contradic-
ton. Will our neighbor explain the
peculiar nature of his party's principles,
which allow so diverse an interpre tation ?
Does the difference lie in the Specification
of the words doctrine" and "plat-
form ?" If not, wherein T? Do try and
make it clear to us, if you please. The
Herald, under the head of Democratic
doctrine respecting slavery in the Terri
tories, has the following:
That being purely question Of do
nestle policy, the Territorial Legislature
may establish, regulate and protect. or
they may abolish or exclude slavery.
The Northwest under the head of the
democratic platform respecting slav-
cry liz the territories, as adopted by the
Cincinnati Convention" keeps the fol-
lowing flying:
Resolued, That we recognize the right
of the people of all the Territories. in
Guiding Kansas and Nebraska, acting
through the legally and fairly expressed
will of a majority Of actual residents,
and whenever the number of their inhab-
itafts justifies it, to form a constitution,
with or without domestic slavery, and be
admitted into the Union, upon terms OF
perfect equality with other States.
From this resolution, it is clearly de
ducable that the Democratic party Of the
nation is not pledged to the extreme views
of squatter sovereignty, under the Gin.
cinnati platform, which the interlopers
into the Democratic creed are endeavor-
ing 10 hoist upon it. Let as stand By on,
platform!
But these eXpounders of Democratic
principles are at loggerheads upon mat.
ters of State policy, too. The Herald
adopts as motto, No State aid to Rail
roads," while the Northwest bears at its
topmost peak the following:
We are in favor of Constitutional and
judicious extension of State aid to the
completion of railroads in this State.
We ask again which is the oraculal
exponent of Democratic principles and
policy?
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1859-08-04
Which is the Oracle!
~- The Harmonious Democrat

EE- The harmonious Democratic par
ty-the party Of principles. as our neigh
Dor of the Civilian will have it-has two
organs published at its Gibraltar in this
State, the city of d ubuque. both of which,
in order that their readers may not be a,
loss to know where the party really
stands upon certain matters of public
policy, keep standing at their heads what
ahey each call the Democratic doctrine
or platform. There is wide difference
"a direct ahtagonism-h however, be-
tween the doctrines set forth by those
sheets as that of their party. and we want to
know which speaks by authority-which
is the oracle ? Can any body tell /? Both
claim that the Democratic candidates
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1859-08-04
Democracy and its Principles.

EF Our friend of the Civilian, in com
mon with all the members of the corrup
political party with which he acts. talk.
largely of the lack of principles in the
Republican organization. In his las
weeks issue he reiterates the stale obiec
tons under this head, as does also thu
only new recruit which we have thus fan
heard of the Democracy receiving-the
FILLMORE AMERICAN who courses in
his heart the ignorant foreigner" and
who, we are glad to know, never thought
so meanly of the Republican organiza-
ton as to give it the benefit of his in
tensely bigoted and proscriptive efforts.
Both the editor and his Know Nothing
contributor and present political co-ad-
jutor. have great deal to say. in the last
Civilian, upon this question of principle,
asserting that the whole and only stock
of this article possessed by the Republi-
can party. is that relative to the question
Of slavery. We do not now propose to
take issue with these gentlemen upon
this point, for we have not SO poor an
opinion Of the intelligence Of our readers
as to suppose that it is necessary to go
into an argument to prove the converse of
what the editor and the cursor of sig
norant foreigners" assert. Every man
knows that the Republican party has dis.
tinct views upon all questions of public
policy that have arisen since its organi-
cation. 1t opposes any such policy as
that embodied in the Ostend Manifesto
the requirement Of new territory by
theft or force. if we cannot by purchase.
1t endorses a udicious system of protec-
ton TO home industry. 1t declares for a
proper system of internal improvements.
such as the improvement Of rivers and
harbors, and the granting of aid by Con-
gress for the construction Of Pacific
Railroad. 1t unanimously fayors the
donation of the public lands to actual
settlers. and showed its favorable regard
of the interests of Agriculture by voting
uniformly in favor of MoRRILL's Agri
cultural College Bill, which the Democ-
racy defeated. it supports the doctrine
OF State Rights, in coptradistinction t.
the Federal tendencies of the two last
Democratic administrations. 1t opposes
the corruption and extravaganza mani
tested BY the present Democratic admin
istration, especially its interference with
local eleciiqns. 1t advocates the gradu-
al extinction Of the public debt, and
loudly protests against running the gov
eminent by the issuance of shin plasters.
as the Democracy is now doing. In shor'
there is no question of public policy now
Swallowed forth. that the Repu blican par
~ has not taken distinct position upon
We say. however. that We do not pro-
pose, in this article, to take issue with
Mr.. HEpcEs AMI his political chum who
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1859-08-04
State OfIOWa,
BUCHANAN COUNTY,
|saf =. G.. WMcox
+ SIS. tlf
J ~ TIiut IS
} In District Court,
/. September. term,
! A. ID. 1851
JoHN HopGDON.

=, VIM lIop9DoS. J a. -. 800. IE8
To JOHN HODGDON:a % i, -I.giI
SIR You are hereby notified that on or be-
fore the fourth day of September. A. d., 1889
there will be on file in the Office Of the Clerk of
the District Court Of said county, a petition of
+. 9. Wilcox, claiming Of you the title to the
southwest quarter Of the northeast quarter of
section thirty six. in township ninety north, of
range ten west, in Buchanan county, Iowa. and
asking force losure Of all right Of redemption
from a tax sale made June 25., A. d., 1858. for
delinquent tax Of the year 1857, and that un
less you appear and answer thereto ON or before
the morning Of tle, second day Of the next term
Of the District Court in and for said county,
judgme mt will be rendered against you us a skcd
for in Plaintiff s petition. sH
Independence, August 2. 1859 9t-a.sssso -
T. G. WILCOX, Plaintiff,
60, By W. G. DOMAIN, his Atty.
STATE OF IOWA. &c h h a H.
I Buchanan County, oo' .s.s ~ fes
l hereby order that the above notice be pub
hshed. for the time prescribed by law, in the
buchanan County Guardian, new spapcr pub
lished in Independence, in said county and
state. EDWARD BREWER CLsk
independence, August 2, 1859 2O-4t
The Buchanan County guardian. (Independence, Buchanan County, Iowa) 1858-1864, 1859-08-04
James Buchanan not a Candidate.

PIrTsBuRe, July 30.
The following letter from President
Buchanan was received this morning by
Hon. VIM. McCardless
BEDFORD SPRINGS, July 25, 80.
My Dear Sir Il have received your
kind note of the 10Th inst, with leader
from the Post. Whilst l appreciate, as
it deserves, the ability and friendship
displayed in the editorial, L yet regret it
has been published. My determination
not under any circumstances to become
candidate for reelection is final and
conclusive.
My best judgement and strong inclina-
ton unite in favor of this course. Tc
cast doubts upon my predetermined pur-
pose is calculated to impair my influence
in CARRYING out important measures. and
TO afford a pretext for saying that these
have been dictated by desire to be re-
nominated.
---- MI \ :. 1--t --->,,a-I- 60
JAMES BUCHANAN