The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-16

Kiakhta and st. Petersburg former run twice
month"; and the latter three times year. From
Kiakhta to Pekin the distance is 623 miles, but let
tiers are conveyed there and back in fortnight
The service Is performed by men ON horseback
who for some little time before reaching the place
where they change horses, raise loud and peculiar
cry, so that the fresh animal may be brought out
ready for them. In Mongolia o courier performs
125 miles in the twenty-four hours. In the noun
famous parts of the country the speed required is
not SO great but strict regulations are drawn out
to the rate Of travelling, from which the couriers
cannot deviate.
about to naugurate the grand Russian enterprise of
navigating the river Amour into the wilds of Tar
tary and Siberia. This craft, lying at Antwerp has
been Just bought for that government, and starts
with cargo of small iron boats of lesser draught
built by Cockerll of Liege. II Is odd enough that
Lege is French for Cork. Both cities, It is hoped
will give buoyancy to the undertaking.
rrlumph or the Russian Emanciuat ionists.
from the Par is Constitutional, Dec. 41
There is every reason to believe that the liberia
ton of the serfs will be effected by redemption.
But adj the proposals made with that object have
been rejected by the commission and this latter has
explained its refusal in declaring, on the one hand,
that seridom only established in Russia by b.
ris-Godouneff, and that custom alone had abusive
W. consecrated il and that, on the other hand, it
is for the Sovereign alone to destroy by his own
will that which another Sovereign had introduced,
without any other right but his good pleasure That
manner of laying down the question of obedience
to imperial authority appears to US very remark
able. 1t is not exactly progress in Russia; it
proves at least that the Russian nobility swayed by
purely material interests, make attempt to yield
TO the voice of justice aud generosity. The mem
bers of the commission have even gone farther.
They have not only declared the restitution of Ii
berty and civil rights to the peasants by redemption
to be amercante operation unworthy OF them and
their families, but they question also whether it
would not remain disgraceful memorial in the his
tory of Russia. A people does not buy its liberty
it achieves it by labor and civic virtues and it is
not in exchange for money that the privileged
classes of country ought in the nineteenth CEN
fury to give the protection of the laws to the poor
and laborous classes. The nobility of ST. Peters
burg does not wish either that any mistake should
arise in consequence of the term of Temporary
bondsmen" being substituted for that of "serfs."
They have regarded the new condition created by
imperial edict as favor to the peasants During
the twelve years through which these latter will
have to pass before obtaining their entire liberty
the peasants will adapt themselves to regular la
Dor. They will learn to love the land which they
n0longer cultivate by FORCE and they will insensi
bly, become capable workmen, so much the more
interested in the fruits of their labor, that day
will arrive when they alone will reap all those
fruits Immediate emancipation would, on the con-
trary, have the disadvantage of leaving all these
men unsettled, exposed to their own caprices, dis
posed perhaps to emigrate, and running all the
risks Of idcness and misery Such condition of
things would have all the dangers of complete
revolution. The agricultural wealth of Russia
would then become the object of struggle be-
tween the mobiles despoiled of all their rights, and
the peasants led away ty the iptoxicaton of
triumph.
The Revolution In Cochin China.
despatch from Manila, dated the 23d October,
supports the rumor Of an nsurrecti0n in Cochin
China. We read:--
The chief of the instruction is a prince Of the
1851, and who enjoyed greatpopularity at Tonkng.
The dynasty of the Trinh reigned simultaneously
with that of the LIE until the close of the eIgh.
teenth century. 1t was dethroned by the family of
the TaysOn. These usurpers maintained their SUI
premacy only few years, and were themselves
vanqushed, after severe contest, by Hong-De,
who owed his success to the Bishop of Adren, SO
justly celebrated, and to the French officers who
commanded his army, as well as to the Catholics
Hoang-De, after his victories, united Tonking
with Cochin China, and in 1902 assumed the name of
Gia-Long, under which he immortalized himself This
prince protected the French and the Catholics, to
whom he was indebted for his good fortune; but at
his death, in 1920, his son and successor, Mimi.
Menh, changed his system, and quarrelled with the
old friends of his father. TheuTr, the son of Mimi
Menh, mounted the throne in 184l, and commenced
prosecuting the benefactors OF his family His sue
cessor, Ta-Duc the present Emperor, animated by
still worse spirit than his prsdsessssr, hes mover
ceased to persecute and torture the Christians to
HON nc owes his crown. His tyranny is not con-
fined to the Christians; it Expresses the entire pop
ulation of his States, and particularly the inhabi-
tants of Tonking, who are said to feel much aver
couragement given to the chief of the present in
surrection who is the legitimate descendant of the
dynasty of the Trinh.
The account contains an addition in the form of
statement that the pretender has shown friendly
feeling towards the Christians, whom he wishes to
attach to his cause.
Opening Of the Suez and Alexandria Rail-
way.
CONNECTION BETWEEN THE MEDITERRANEAN AND RED
SEAS.
nv;a al
steamer Alhambra, Captain j. D. Steward with
mails in charge of Lieutenant eastman, r. N, Ad-
miralty agent, arrived at Southampton early on the
morning of the 2lst ult
From the London Times, Dec 2S.]
Among the passengers by the Pera were: Col.
Apthorp, Of the i1st Native Infantry, one of the
heroic defenders of Lucknow, and who went
through the whole of the dangers and hardships Of
that memola able siege; Major Dickens, of her Ma
jestys goth Regiment who was with the regiment
in the Crimea, and also at the relief of Lucknow;
Captain Boyle, of the 18th Highanders who was
with the late Sir Henry Havelock during the whole
of his. brilliant successes and Captain Pinckney,
late Of the 9Th Enniskilen Dragons, who was with
his regiment in the Crimea, as well as during the
siege and attack on Delhi. This gallant young Off
GERS health has been so impaired by climate, &C.,
that he has been compelled to retire from the
service. asr
from the London News, Dec. 23.]
The Peras outward passengers were conveyed
throughout Egypt by railway. 1t was stated at
next year.
From the London Chronicle, Doc 23.1
The suez canal, it is said, will be commenced
next year. The writer of this heard shrewd
American observe, If the French and Russians
begin to make that canal guess England and the
United States must take their shoveis and go and
fill it up as fast as they dig it out"
From the London Herald, Dec 3o1
The line Of railway is now open in its entire
length from Alexandria on the Mediterranean sea
TO Suez on the Red sea. The distance between the
two seas is about the same as from London to Man
chester. The London and Northwestern Railway
Company charge f3 per ton for conveyance Of
goods from the metropolis to Lancashire, and bear
ing in view the difference in the cost of construc-
uon the yane Of land being so high in England and
so cheap in Egypt the carriage of goods along the
lsthmus by rail to Suez ought not to exceed
as per ton. At this rate there would be won
route. Already the traffic with Egypt has received
an impetus First class steamships now depart
every few weeks from the Thames to Alexandria,
and they act feeders to the Indian trade But the
Mersey people ship largely to the Mediterranean,
and steamers leave that port for Alexandria every
fox