davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

The Financial Condition or the Wor2d-The
Present Public Debts and Probable Loans.
The peculiar position of the treasury at the
present time, the Increase of the public debt and
the falling off in the revenue, all of them the un-
profitable legacies of the Pierce admins
tration and of the financial revulsion of last
year, have placed the President, the Secre-
tary of the Treasury and Congress in a dilemma,
out of which it is not easy to see the best way to
extricate themselves for the benefit of the coun-
try. But one thing is certain that the revenue
will have to be increased by some device, either
upon the Presidents safe system of specific
duties, or the loose ad valorem principle of the
Secretary Of the Treasury.
A glance at the financial condition of the
leading States of Europe and America reveals
some strange and startling facts, the result of
a few years transactions. First we find that the
European States have been accommodating enor-
nous public debts, the necessary consequence of
an expensive aristocratic form of government,
hereditary nobility, and protracted costly wars.
These debts amount in the aggregate to the i'm
mense sum of nearly ten thousand millions of
dollars, and are appOrtioned as follows
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

FoRNEY Discovers MARES NEsT.-Forney,
in one of his high pressure Douglas letters from
Washington, says that "the rancor of the admit
nistraton has not been moliied;" that ''it has
grown more violent and unforgivng;" that lit
has deliberately resolved to seize the Charleston
Convention, and in that body to defeat any man
that can be elected" And why? Because, as For
ney has discovered, "any such man must stand
forth the unrelenting adversary of the new
scheme of slave code in the Territories, or of
Congressional Intervention for the protection of
slavery in the Territories" In other words.
against Douglas and his anti-slavery hobby of
squatter sovereignty, the administration has re-
solved, il appears, that the platform of the
Charleston Convention shall be a slave code for
the Territories, or the Intervention of Congress
for the protection of slavery therein.
In support Of this startling disclosure, Forney
refers to Jefferson Davis, the Washington Union,
and the late flaming disunion speech of Senator
Iverson, of Georgia. But we think we can assure
poor Forney, Douglas, Iverson and all others
concerned, that, as Mr.. Buchanan will not himself
be candidate for election, and that as it is
not likely he will trouble himself about any can
didate or clique or faction for 1860, all fears
that he will "seize the Charleston Convention"
arc about as absurd as that he will attempt 10
seize the island of Cuba. In losing his place in
the kitchen, poor Forney has lost his reckonings,
and is getting wild in his fears and anxctes
about DOUGLAS
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12
PUBLIC DEBTS OF CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICAN

The total public debt Of all the leading ma
tons and States on this continent and in Europe
would thus appear TO be ten thousand six hum
dred and ninety-six millions one hundred and
five thousand three hundred and ninety dollars
A large proportion of this has been accumulated
within the present decade and though in many
Of the European nations the capital may never
be paid, still the annual payments of interest
must be met, and it is a somewhat curious and
interesting question to solve where the money is
to come from. There can be no doubt that i'm
mcnse loans will be looked for during the cur
rent year, and many are already proposed 1t
is seen that even this country has the considera-
bic debt of sixty-four millions, whereas il was
customary to have a surplus in the treasury of
little less than that. In Jacksons time sum as
large was distributed as loan among the dihc-
rent States, some of which have never re-
paid it-Florida and Mississippi, for example,
which repudiatcd the Union bonds altogether
Illinois has not yet acquitted herself of
the liability, but she is doing so by degrees
The United States then, TO begin with, requires
a loan this year Of some thirty millions. Eng
land Of course, just emerging from the Indian
war, must borrow money, and we should not
wonder " one Of the first acts OF the new
Indian goyctnmcn, was TO ask for loan
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12


Combined debts of the u s. and the States 652
Aggregate debts Of towns and villages. 100 ,000,000
'o~ti
But it must be said that while the debts of the
European and South and Central American
States-f0r the most part the result of ruinous
wars-are dead weight upon their shoulders, our
debts have been incurred mainly to develope the
resources Of the cOuntry-to construct railroads
and canals build up Cities and redeem the soil
of the forest and the prairie--and however heavi-
ly they may press temporarily upon the coun-
try or the individual States, they will one day
bring forth rich fruits in largely increased
area of cultivated and peopled territory and vast
material prosperity. 1t is true they have been
unnecessarily increased by the wild speculation
which preceded and produced the crash Of 1887,
and led to the subsequent reputation of State
debts.
The disastrous events which have been retard-
ing the progress of Central and South America
for so many years. have left them of course
heavily in debt. The aggregate Indebtedness of
the leading States is over three hundred millions
II is divided as follows
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

Compared with this extravagant showing, the
condition of the United States and the different
States of the Union presents less alarming
state Of financial affairs The public debt Of the
United States is now over sixty-four millions,
including the twenty millions Of Treasury bonds,
issued by the Secretary of the Treasury last
year, while the aggregate debts of all the
States amount to nearly three hundred mil
lions; but it must be taken into consideration
that each State is a principally in itself, and
that every town and village in each has its own
municipal debts to account for. These debts
would, probably, not fall short of a hundred mil
lions more. A tabular statement will show
exactly how we stand in this respect
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

THE PURCHASE OF CUBA.-It will be seen by
reference to our Geographic intelligence that Mr..
Slidell, as Chairman of the Senate Committee
on Foreign Relations, has presented bill in the
Senate to authorize the President to renew nego-
tiations for the purchase of the island of Cuba,
and placing in his hands the sum of thirty mil
lions of dollars to be used for that purpose.
This is one of the most important motions ever
made in Congress; and if the bill should be
passed, its ultimate beneficial effect upon the
material interests Of every section of the Union
can be exceeded only by those of the purchase
of Louisiana. The true exchanges of commerce
result from differences of latitude, which cause
differences of climate and production. No pre-
JUDGED theories Of home protection ever inter-
fcre with it, and the greater the exchanges be-
tween countries differing in latitude, the greater
is the advantage of both. A measure like the
present, which throws down the existing barriers
to our trade with Cuba, affects every interest in
the country. The forest, fisheries, manufactures
and shipping of New England; the farmers, dali
rymen, miners and handworkers of the Middle
States; the lumber, naval stores and rice of the
OOutu, anu Tile uicdtS anu gIulIls Vi Cuc west,
all find an appropriate exchange in the markets
of Cuba
In its political significance the measure is of
equal Importance. Cuba overlies the great
routes between our Atlantic and Pacific empires,
and commands the outlet of that vast valley,
unequalled in the world for territorial extent,
activity Of its population, and mighty destiny,
which is drained by the Mississippi and its
branches, with their twenty thousand miles of
river navigation. In acting upon this measure,
Congress should consider, not the five hundred
millions of dollars of our trade that now pass
annually under the guns Of Cuba. 1t should re-
member that in thirty years we shall have sixty
millions of people in this Union, and, according
to the ratio of our past commercial increase, we
shall then have five thousand millions ofdolars in
value flowing out of the Mississippi valley, and
passing between our Atlantic and Pacific shores
The purchase of Cuba may be valuable now, but
it has an incomparably greater value for the
generation that is to come after us. Statesmen
will look to our future exigencies, and legislate
in view of their requirements as well as of pre-
sent necessities.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

wisdom select" Very good The New York
democracy, however, have thus undertaken .
herculean task, and we very much fear that in
1860, instead of an effective consolidation like
that of 1852, there will be deplerable split like
that of 1S4S, among the rank and 1le, and that
the Alias, as in IS4S, may, in 1860, be found .
roaring advocate of another Buffalo ticket and
platform. AT present our Albany expounder Of
democracy is conveniently mum. But when the
weather gets warmer, we shall, perhaps, have
even political thaw, extending as far as
Albany.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

The REPUBLICAN PARTY HoLDIYG FAsr TO
THE RoCuEsrER PrArroHM.--Thc bu. ,combe
Presidential speeches, which have been the stand
ing order of the day at Washington, If they serve
no other purpose, serve at least to show tho
movements, tendencies and purposes of the poll
tcal parties and factions concerned. In this
view, the speech of Mr.. Washburn, Of Maine, in
the House, on Monday last, indicates TIC adhe-
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

ore in reference to the new Founding Hospital
The number Of inmates Of the various institutions
to the sth of January is 1922, being decrease OF
20. in comparison with last return.
The ice has been very strong on the Central
Park pond the few days back Two curling clubs
were on the ice yesterday, and large number OF
respectable citizens skating. The ice was very
rough, and many were grumbling at proper means
not being used to food it.
Martin Toole was tried and convicted in the Gen.
eral Sessions yesterday of stealing muif and two
articles Of ewelry worth $780, the property Of Mrs
Ketcham. He was sent to the State prison for two
years. Thomas Tanning, jointly indicted with
Toole, was declared not guilty. George Fry pleaded
guilty to attempting to steal 500 in bank notes
from John Gould, and was sent to the State prison
for two years, he being an old offender. Robert
Shanesy indicted for burglary in the third degree,
pleaded guilty to an attempt to commit that Of
fence. Michael Donnelly, charged with committing
felonious assault upon Daniel W. Clark, was con-
victed of an assault and battery, and recommended
to mercy. He was remanded for sentence. John
W. Chase was placed trial for forgery in the
second degree, large number of altered bills and
dies being found in his house at % Pe street. The
Court adjourned at 5 p. NJ. till Wednesday, when
the case will be finished.
The sales OF cotton yesterday confined to about
700 500 bales. The market closed tamey without quo
table change in prices. Transactions were somewhat
checked by the difficulty of shipping it to the eastward
for spnners' USE account Of interruption to navga
ton by late unsteady and intensely cold weather. Some
of the propelers have been withdrawn and others
rreguary and hence the amount of cotton awaiting ship
ment is in Of the supply Of vessels The increase
in receipts at the Southern ports over 1861 now
amounts to about 304 900 bales, and 1888 to
1855 900 do The total amount of exports exceed those Of
1s557 by 402 bales and those of 1S55S by 420 900
bales The stock hand amounts to TO- 900 bales in
of that of 1s56-57, and 100000 of that of
1s55S For opinions and estimates regarding the extent
of the crop Of 1859 refer to another column.
Flour, with good demand, closed at advance of about
to 10 cents per barrel especially the common and
medium grades Wheat in better request, and with
rather more doing while prices quite firm Corn
was hrmer with moderate sales. Pork was heavy, with
sales Of at SIT rs SIT S7k, including
at the latter figure for future delivery old sold
SIG IS, and prime at s13 sl3 12h and closed at
$40. Sugars firm with sales Of 600 100 hhls at
rates given in another column. Coffee quiet For
statement Of stocks and receipts and sales Of Brazil for
the year 1885, refer TO another column. Freight
gagements were light and rates unchanged
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

THE New YORK DEMOCRACY ON THE PREsr-
DENTAL QUESTION. Albany Argus and Alias
announces, for the benefit of all concerned, that
"thc democratic party of this State is no parti-
Fan of any candidate" but is resolved to de-
vote itself to the work Of building upit strength
at home, so as to be able to cast its electoral
vote in 1860 for such distinguished standard
bearer as the Charleston Convention may in its
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

of ffty millions to meet the expenses OF
the instruction. Then Russia wants forty
millions, and is now, it is said, negOtiat-
ing with the Rothschilds for that amount
Austria already proposes loan, the amount of
which is not stated, but we may put it down
reasonably at fifty millions. In France the
Emperor's design to establish discount bank,
with capital of sixty millions, whereof half
is to be loaned annually to the government, SUI
iiciently indicates the financial condition Of the
empire; and as the deficiency in the Imperial
treasury is about sixty millions of dollars, that
amount, at least, will probably be asked for. So
much for the great nations. We see, also, that
Australia has issued bonds for thirty-fve millions,
to be raised within the next four years. and even
ST. Domingo is in the European market, endea-
vorng to negotiate loan to pay the expenses of
the war with IIayti Here, then, are nearly
three hundred millions to be raised this year.
1t may be asked what portion of that sum our
capitalists can afford to furnish.
Looking now to the exigencies of the several
States in the Union, we will find that many of
them must borrow also, to complete their rail-
roads, canals and other public works. New
York must have at least eight millions and
half; Pennsylvania, Virginia, Missouri and Wis
consin are also in need of money. Kansas and
the other new States and Territories, of course,
will require means to develope their rich re-
sources. Minnesota asks for five millions, which
the Legislature has voted for the railroad pur-
poses of the State, and Massachusetts will prob
ably require two millions more for the Hoosic
tunnel.
Thus we have the following loans which will
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

RUSSIAN GuNBOATs BUILT IN AMERICA
Among the items of news by the last mail from
California was the announcement of the arrival
Gar to have steam gunboat built in Anne
rica for service on the coast of Eastern Asia.
After sufficiently examining into the facilities
afforded by California he concluded that New
York was much more adapted to the construc-
ton of such vessel The lowest offer he had
for the construction Of the machinery in Califor-
MIA was in the neighborhood of seventy thousand
dollars. So the officer left California, and is now
in our metropolis, or on his way hither 1t is de-
sired to have the gunboat built in the quickest
possible time, so that she may reach the Amoor
river by next August. She is to be of light
draught, and the fastest and strongest il is posi-
BILE TO build her. The General Admiral, Japa-
nese, Martinho dc Mello, and other war vessels
built in America for transatlantic Powers. have
won, by their fine models, strength and swiftness
a favorable reputation for our shipbuilders in
Russia, Turkey, Portugal and China. Russia is
foremost in taking advantage Of our superior
skill in naval architecture. The war vessels
that have hitherto been constructed in our dock
yards for her have given such entire satisfaction
that she again applies to us. We also under
stand that Russian officers here have received
instructions for procuring the construction Of
ten other steam gunboats in the United States.
We have vast forests of ship timber abundant
machinery, unsurpassed ingenuity and conslruc-
tive skill; so there is no reason in the world why
the pre-eminence which we have obtained in ma
rinc architecture should not be long sustained.
Considering oil thesc things, il is only fair to
suppose that for the next quarter of century
we will be the great shipbulding nation Of the
world
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

NEw YORK, Dec 10, 1856.
SR:-ln behalf of my brothe soldier, Gen. J. II. H.
Ward the present Commssary General the State beg
leave to bespeak your kind consideration when the time
for continuing him in Office may arrive the Chief
Magistrate and Commander Chief Of the State of New
York.
Gen. Ward served with me in the campaign between
Vera Cruz and the capital Of Mexico, with great ZEAL
ability and distinction, and has always cherished the
character of good soldier good citizen and gentleman
have the honor TO remain sir your obcdcnt servant,
WINFIELD SCOTT
This appeal had its proper weight with Gov.
King, for Gen. Ward was retained in his Office.
With the advent of Gov. Morgan, according to
the Albany Statesman, Gen. Scott again inter-
posed in behalf of his fellow soldier, and was
promised that g all would be right but il ap-
pears that the matter was made " all right in
turning Gen. Ward adrift and in giving his place
to more active politician Mr.. Benjamin Wclch.
From this proceeding we may conclude that
Master Seward and his man Thurlow Weed have
given their orders in council to cut Gen. Scott
He is in their way, and they begin to feel it.
And this is the sort of treatment which he has
received in various ways, these twenty odd years,
from Seward and his party managers The in
dependent conservative masses Of the ant-demo-
cratic parties of the country, however, have still
thepower and the opportunity at their command
TO do justice to Gen. Scott, and il shall not he
our fault if they let this golden opportunity pass
away. The very fact that Gen. Scott has been
tabooed by Seward and his confederatcs should
commend the distinguished General in-chicf Of
the federal armies to the active support of the
people.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

Here are some facts for the fnanciers to muse
upon, and some grave difficulties to be sur
mounted during the present year.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

GEN. SCOTT SNUBBED BY Gov. MoRGAN.-When
Governor King came into Office, Gen. Scott, in
behalf of brave fellow soldier in Mexico, ad-
dressed the Governor the following note--
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

BRYANTS' MINgTREIS MECHkNICS HALL. ~ Broad
Way-NEGRo SoSGs AND BURtEsouEs-SHYLocK.
sNIFFEN's CAMPBELL MINsTREI.s. ~ Broadway
MELODIES, BURLEsQUEs, &c.-OH! HUSH
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

WOODS MINSTREL BUILDING, 66l and 1853 Broadway
RrHIoPIxN 6oNGs DANCES, &c-NEw YEAE CALLS
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-12

Combined debts Of the u s. and the States 1904 652
Aggregate debts Of towns and villages. 100 100000
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1849-1865, 1859-03-23
Mountain Scenery


This is the title Of a very readable book
from the pen Of Mr.. Henry e. Colton-for a
copy of which we are indebted to Mr.. Pome-
roy, Publisher and Bookseller Of this city
Having travelled over much Of the interesting
and picturesque country described in this
volume, We are prepared to bear witness to
the faithful delineations given, both in the
topography Of the country and the warm
hearted, intelligent people who inhabit it
at least tie most Of them but there are
"black sheep" in every flock. The Editors
of the n. G. Presbyterian observe truly when
they say, that in scenery and climate, that
region certainly has no superior, if an equal,
in any quarter Of the earth. 1t is destined
before many years to be one of the chief re.
sorts Of health and pleasure seekers in the
South. Railway improvements are making
it easy of access, and before a decade has
passed, we or others will stand on Mt. Mitch
ell and witness the smoke from a locomotiv,
rushing through the valley Of the Swan
nanoa!
In the meantime our readers would find
to their advantage to get the book and rea
a sketch of the Mountain scenery. Price 6
cents. Found at the principal Book Store
in the State.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1849-1865, 1859-03-23

am older than you, and now do you take my
advice-the less you have to do with Theo.
Moreland, the better for you. He is no part
OF a gentleman, and | haven't a particle OF
confidence IN him. After hearing that with
ering speech, | left to philosophize on human
nature. | have since learned that there were
more of the villagers who possessed this pc
culiar characteristic of village society.
My task is done, and done impeIfeetly. 4
hope some able pea win undertake the task
of rescuing such names from the hand Of OBJ
hyion and measuring them up in the archives
of their respective villages. I can safely say
that such philanthropic persons will long be
found to serve their country. The young
learn, with surprising ayidity, to emulate the
example of the old, carrying out the greas
principle-"Attend to the business of your
~neighbors and let your own alone" know,
reader, it is commonly rendered Attend to
y0nr 0acn business, and let Others alone. -
But we have all been wrong; for the distn-.
guished subjects of these imperfect sketches
say, by their words, that we are most wofuEly
in error, and when they speak, let rs be silent
Who dare say they are wrong?
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1849-1865, 1859-03-23
Something to Read.

A young Bachelor friend has sent me the
following oppreciatioe euzogy upon certain
characters, (and the men always represent
them as women) about whom, and against
whom the pen of sarcasm and hatred has been
pointed for 10 these many years, '"THEo."
must have received the especial attention of
some of the characters he portrays, and seems
to be very well acquainted with their "man-
ners"-so viii not dispute the faithfulness
of the daguerreotype presented, but give it to
the readers Of the Age in his own colors-
simply adding this remark: There are GER
tain Theo. Wetmouths; Tom Tobacco-squirts;
Sam. Smoke-mouths Peter Profanitys, and
Lige Lyingtongues, among the 'lords," who
are worthy of as high praise as is bestowed
upon the 'Madames' whom our Correspon-
dent has chosen to immortalize. But as the
Jades are no fac0rjtes Of mine, I leave it tc
their champion to defend them in their pecu
liar privileges which he does in the follow
ing inner
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1849-1865, 1859-03-23
Glad to Find It True.

Upon inquiry, we learn that the late Lee
gislature did pass law, putting the question
of license to the popular vote of the citizens
of Henderson and Buncombe counties. We
are rejoiced to find it so, and congratulate the
friends of temperance and the public general
ly, in those two counties, on their good for
tune. And now let us beg the friends of re
form there to see to it that the law has a fair
and full trial as to the effects it viii dgIRe TRfnfdffts
chances to have a general State law adopted
at the next session. If the people vote a
gainst license, and the removal of grog shops
results in the good of society, how can the
Legislature refuse to put all on an equal foot
ing to enjoy its benefits. We shall have
more to say on this subject hereafter.