The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-10-27

themselves ia Jaw uud Va s"cs, "'sA
from that moment necane thn so'c supporters o.
svste al which discredlted, apt which
exc,,ed general disatiacon the soveregns OF those
20 called they themselves made their choice between
their duties AS Italian princes and their engagements with
Aus,rm they quilted their States without leaving any
government. and Of them even ranged themsevcS
under the flag Of their ally and shared his defeats They
have thus aug with their own hands an abyss between
themselves ard their former subjects.
After memorable victories, the hand Of the conqucr0r
assigned Varanca restricted territorial nits
Austrian domination in the Italian PENINSULA but
Aefnitive regulation Of the affairs OF Central Italy
destined 70 remain IN suspense since In signing the pre-
kminares 2, peace was not possible % foroso the IN
populations 10 the return Of The princes His Majesty,
h part ordered the recall Of the authorities whom he
had sent to Tuscany, Moaena and Parma BY that mea-
the populations reganed the free sposa Of
themselves and were at the same time removed from all
foreign influence.
The honorable men who in the absence OF any recog-
nzed authority had taken In hand the direction Of public
nnairs considered that under such circumstances was
election of national assemblies What happened Is we'll
knswn--thc Assemblies unanimously confirmed tho depo
sion Of the old gsvenments and proclaimed annexation
In considering what has taken place at Florence, Mo-
dcna and Parma struck by the accord and spona
neity which marked al the deliberations Of the constl
aed bodies and the orer which has constantly prevailed
during the crisis which had 10 be traversed
This order and regularity are easily explained when wc
consider that il net the advanced parties, men
excited sourcd by cd grievances and unjust personal
suerngs, who place themselves al the head Of the move
Wens.
All who are most il,etrous amongst the nobility
neable In commerce. most enlightened in intelligence,
and most influential anong the large landowners coope-
rated the accomplishment Of act which destined
% assure 10 those countries state OF things moro in
Sormity with their welfare and with the general interests
Of Italy These resolutions not the effect Of
fecting excitement they maturely weighed, and
were adopted considerations Of superior and perma-
ncnt order.
In breaking for cvr tho bonds which connected them
With odons past calculated TO give rise TO the berest
sccrimnaons, the populations Of the Duches have been
especially anxious to shake of the yoke Of foreign dom
nation, 70 escape from Austrian influence and % contri
Butte by their union under the sccptre or the King
august sovereign TO Ae constitution Of kingdom strong
enough TO establish tbs prosperity and repose Of Italy ON
sound and durable bases.
These populations mpeled by the evil counses Of des
pair and bewdered BY their nexperence in the mlnage
nent Of public affairs, might have turned in thoughtcss
moment 70 chimerical and dangerous projects. They
might have been led asray by subversye tendencies to
canism in stead They might have thought themselves
entitled 70 do that but they have not attempted Ii
central Italy had given by her conduct, equaiy firm and
wise, formal contradiction TO the accusations too lightly
brought against tho ckicness Of the Italians, and their
inability TO found good government. Such an accuse
Bon, which has hitherto been only an injustice, viii be
bcnceforth calumny.
Secular traditions and long established habits might
encourage the desire Of their atono
apart from the rest or the nation No; they renounced
these very national leanings and Unsuitable histori:
70 s y blended 10 ~ ne an me- rhs any rs
Son " be proud Of e past did hot hesitate iners was
Italy wni had success u a. combining sns
and Parma, has joined this sonarchy Internationally
and without reserve It would be impossible 70 find
signal proof Of the Irresistible power Of the sent
ment OF national solidarity
The fact Is that all the Italians have learned by long
and painful experience that Italy WIN never b. free from
nnt there shall Be in tho north Of Italy State large and
powerful enough oppose the preponderance Of external
f,nueuce.
II & not At the moment while peace Is being negotiated
Zurich by the penpotentaes of Piedmont France aad
that the Kings government would use less correct
language towards the adversary he has combaed on the
battle field But there are truths which cannot be dis
aembled, because they selfevient there are dan
gers on which impossible indulge Illusions because
they exist In the nature of things and are an Inevitable
necessity Of the situation
the war which has lust finished had had for result the
complete cessation of Austrian domination in the Italian
Peninsula the considerations which are about 70
velope would be less well founded but they would be
less powerful minds preudced In favor Of the old gov
ernmens Of the Duchies In the present state Of things
there Monsieur 10 hnistre) who can refuse TO ad
init that II the power of Austria in italy has become more
limited in extent II has lost nothing in onsiveness and
encroachng She retains the strong foresses Of
Meta, and what is more, Peschera and Mantua which
belong lombardy, and form her natural defence That
province is demaned and exposed to q coup de main.
The Kings government do not intend 70 throw any
doubt on he SINCERITY Of the intentions Of Austria in the
rettement of the stipulated oessops but
change and remain opportunities sometimes
courage, aud political regrets inheritance which
descend from generation TO generation. The last
could not raise barrier between the States OF the King Of
Sardinia aud his formidable neighbour Italy is neither
guaranteed nor secured Ior inc Iuue, Iof tuere no
point equilibrium between the organized national forces
and Austria entreneed behind the bulwarks Of the Mncio
aud the Adige If the peace Of viairanca does not re-
eevc its complement by respecting the wishes Of the po
puations delivered by the war; VIII not have re-esab
shed that balance Of powers and hat proportion oil rea
tive forces which existed IN ay IN the last and
Northern Italy was then divided into several petty
States, weak and without oonsistence which could not
Keep up military forces OF any importance or eect1ay
contribute to the defence Of Italy, The states OF the King
Of Sardinia formed the sole exception Iney were not 1t
Is true very but the military education Of the
people the skill and hrmness OF the princes aud the ad
vantages Of the geographical situation Of the country
placed Piedmont among the Powers of second order, and
caused her TO be considered as the natural defender Of
Italian independence.
Austra then possessed only the Duches Of Milan and
Nantua, which detached and removed from the
body OF her hereditary States In time Of peace she kept
but very few troops there, and IL broke the
the difficulties OF transport gave the house
Savoy time prepare her of defence Austria
was then powerful neighbor, but shc not
ing one.
This political arrangement vas not exempt from incon
venience but the division sanctioned at Paris and at
astalSf