The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-08-07
[Ffor the Paris Constitutional, July 10
The Price OF Peace.

TRANSLATED from the Paris PAYS July 81 for the new
YORK herald
The Joy of triumph being a little Gained, the
first and most natural question to be investigated
is whether peace is worth what it cost.
Three great and general results answer that
question. Peace will for the first time have
stituted under the federatve form Italian auto
nomy, assiduously esought in vanby France since
the days Of Henry ".
Peace will have founded on our frontier of the
Alps beautiful and permanent Italian kingdom,
| rich, well populated, having military experience,
which owes its existence to French generosity, and
already allied to our Imperial house.
Finally, peace will have resolved, in a defiute
| and admirable manner, the difficult and delicate
| question of the temporal power of the Papacy by
placing the Holy Father, considered a sovereign
at the head and under the guarantee of the Italian
SIX m6hths ago sucn rvs,ass vv-,a --~...-
| looked upon as marvellous. They are, however
! the work of peace and constitute its Fundamental
The treaties of 1915, which have been made
to operate against France have opened
render frontiers ant INVASION all eas sae to the as Ho to
Alliance. Austria already, by the acquisition of
Venice stronger in Italy than before I7so, hls be
sides become the sovereign of the Peninsula through
private treaties. If Piedmont had been reduced to
obedience, like the other Italian States, Austria
would have bordered our frontiers of the Alps with
her dominion and her soldiers.
Such danger was so manifest that a national
government could not allow it to pass without TAX
ing notice Of it. The problem to be solved was,
however, alarming in its proportions. An indie
pendent nation was to be organized between the
Cottian Alps and the Tyrol; that is to say Austria
was to be dispossessed and Italian nationality was
| to be founded
This problem has been solved by campaign of
two months, three fights and two battles. Italy is
Free free to the Adratic for if The Emperor Of Aus
| tria preserves Venice and its territory he only
keeps it an Italian prince, submitted to the de-
| alterations of the Italian Diet.
| Thus the Austrian frontier, which was at the tt
cipn 10 rapnn vadf IN nj
France has full security on the side of the Alps
where she has placed between her and Austria
powerful Confederation which owes its existence to
her.
The importance 10 be given to Piedmont was
evidently to have in view both the convenience of
the Italian Confederation and that of France.
The Emperor had justly said: Italy is to change
her condition and not her master" She could only
be independent on the condition Of being fedora
tive; and if Piedmont was to become an important,
even the most important member OF the Coincide
ration, that Power was not to become the absolute
ruler.
The addition of Lombardy to Piedmont makes
the Sardinan States the richest and the most popu.
lous of Italy The States of Naples have only six
millions Of inhabitants with the addition of LON.
hardy, Piedmont will have more than seven mil
lions As to the richness of Lombardy, it is far be-
You'd that Of any other country
The question Of the Duchies remain to be regu-
lated. 1t is not said that Piedmont will not have
! good share Of them. The advice of those popula.
\ tons will certainly be taken and the sovereigns
I Of those small States have generally not governed
them so well mt they could not be dispensed with.
| Thus when Italy Became independent and con-
sttuted kingdom of our frontier Of the Alps the
| interest Of France became satisfied and her pro-
! gramme was fulfilled. Certainly, If Austria
had resisted the ItalianY Confederation it would
| have become necessary TO chase her armies from
Venetia and to take Venice; bl.. Italian lndepen.
dence once granted, the conquest OF !Re o1a.e o.
Venice was no more an object and was NOT worm
the blood of one Of our soldiers.
With his exalted wisdom and hi, admirable good
sense the Emperor, therefore, stopped as soon as
the object of the war was attained
The question Of the Papacy was by far the
delicate and difficult. 1t was necessarv % =, most os
s an papacy move .nau Charlems~ ae iimseIs bad
, -, IN fact, Charlemagne Gid no more than give
to he ropes the greatest portion Of their actual
states. 1t was now necesss,v TO invest them, un-
der the federal guarantee Of Italy, With political
and military power sufficient to maintain their com.
plete independence.
The problem has just been solved ia miracu
lous manner; and never has prince, without ex
ception done for the consolidation of Catholicism
the fourth part of what Napoleon Ill has done.
Until now the Pope was an isolated sovereign
defending himself Now he forms part Of a fedora
ton of sovereign States from which it is imposs
BILE to separate him, and he Is projected by the fe
deral force.
Placed as a sovereign at the head Of that fede
ration, the Pope not only acquires a quadrapl!e
power-he associates yet to the maintenance of his
political power all the Italian nationality, of which
he becomes the soul and the honor.
1t can be perceived and said an ideal solution Of
the questions implicated in the war OF Italy could
not have had more precision, more ehcacy or
ton could have dreamed Of Never has blood been
shed in battle for greater or more precious results
| and never has a captain and soldiers achieved a
more durable or purer glory.
The Great Armist,ces of History.