Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1859-02-04
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Above in the series they alternate with the argaceous
sates and deposits of argiaceous iron They
are from fifteen to forty feet in thickness this is the strata
in which the fossils in the series are found consisting OF
posidonia, cythere, &C., &C.
The drabcoored sandstone, known Dy re ripple marks,
is fine and compact kind In color it is of dirty buff
yellow and the s not
be used as a firm and solid material for building. =
The btuminous shales, IN connection with the coal are
very infamabe and burn with white flame. They contain
nearly thirty cent of volatile matter and about twenty
preparation of kerosine OIL though they do yield the
quantity that is obtained from the coal in the West the
present price, it can be manufactured from the shales at
profit have samples of which had been well cari
fed. The btumnOus shaes all lie above the coal, and in
strata alternating with the agiaceous States
The fire cays do not in other coal fields, mmedf
atey below the coal but the sandstone parakes
what of this character. They inersrated with the
sates according to Professor Emmons organic remains
traverse them vertcay the plants different from other
coafeds and the sgarie have not yet been discovered
The calcareous shaes greensh color and resemble
somewhat magnetism limestone. These contain no fossils
and in thickness vary from four to twenty five feet
The upper red sandstone differs from the lower in being
SOFT and perishabe from its ma1y nature In color IS OF
Light red occasionally lightbrown, motled with green
spots and often varegated the outline of these is distinct
found cavities orregular shape around which
generally perceived during the summer season white ef
Orescence this proved to be salt Chloride OF So
da 1t found more abundant the western end OF the
coafelds where this red sandstone overe the foundation
In some cases. which sunk this rock have brack
sh WATER but where they deeper than 30 to 80 feet the
pure In the deep shaft at Egypt the water is entire
free from saline taste. In my enquiries not able to
learn of the existence of any salt springs The upper red
cal character but there is marked difference in their os
sis. Ia.
that this upper red sandstone totally distinct and more
recent than the coal formation of the valley OF the Deep
river. .
1t will be seen from the foregoing remarks, that of
opinion that this formation of coal belongs to the new red
sandstone and far observations have gone the os
The coal of the lower seam lies as it will be SEEN between
Two tx & united or use fuel
but well adapted to the reduction by roasting OF this ore
The three upper seams of the buminous coal well
adapted for fuel cooking, gas and oil 1t is shining and
1t gntes easily and burns with bright clear combustion,
and leaves very little purpsh grey ash 1t swes and ag-
smiths ue the paror superior most Goals for the
production of gas for which likely to be great demand
It thought readily to dsinegrate by exposure to the
atmosphere Its coke light and porous When rapidly
combustion it does not exhibit this tendency which is ow
ing to the pressure of large quantity OF bltumen: H.
tct tested both by assay and by chemical analysis the
former it is believed affords practical test of their
chemical analysis alone made The and Goals
submitted Prof George c. schaefer of this city, whose
ability and in this operation well known and who
has afforded full data of the results and the manner OF
conducting the analysis.
The mode of analysis follows The coal was dried
and cosey powdered and gnited covered crucibe IN
supher was determined by dgestng the finely puverzed
coal Tuning nitric acid to which, from time to time chic
carbon was oxydzed The sulphur then estimated in
the usual way from the quantity of suhate of bayta pre-
cipitated. The result was-suphur l3 p. The large
quantity of nfammabe matter that the coal contains led
to slight variation in the results in case the yes
sci found lined with carbon deposited from the gas
coming with the highly heated surface The first
specimen gives ~
Bituminous matter as gas,.-..............'..' 81
Fixed Carbon (COke) ..........................7 10
Second specimen;
Bitumnous matter gas. Observation-Disclosures. "a
Fixed Carbon (COke,) ..... ....... .......:.. GO
The ash in first 5.3 per cent; the second 81 per
The composition of this coal is therefore, follows
Bituml3ous matter gwen OIL as gas. .S37 per cent
Fixed Carbon, (COke,). ...........6 O.I "
Ash. 5.3 -
Sulphur. NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. 13 s.
Specific gravity..............,..1.28 ! 7s mean.
Another specimen ; LIT ,;aI5;n
shining and very porous coke and purplh ASH exceen
coal for making gas for burning 1t absorbs only l20O
of its weight of water after having been inn ersed for
time.
From Professor Johnson's able report have severa
analyses this coal from the Farmsve estate which give
the mean results, as follows:
Volatile matter OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. 3O.53
Earthly matter. ..lO.2l
$3.50
The dy or debt1menized coal has less than onefourth
the volatile that the buminO coal contains. 1t
thought that cannot compete with the true anthaces
Pennsylvania in the Northern markets. 1t is, however
adapted for Stoves and for the reduction of iron ores
roasting.
of this coal basn and that it has been produced by
change in the bitumnous effected by the heat OF the
dykes.
Professor Shaeer this description of coal
the Wilcox vein, that has cubcal fracture, as is
some specimens of anthracite with a metallic lustre
When is heated high degree it deCrepitaes with vic
lence, falling into thin plates.