The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-08-27
From the Richmond Dispatch.1

JUSTICES OF The PEACE IN FRANCE.
An account Of the French Justices of the Peace is
/ given by Paris correspondent of the New York
Erpress, which is well worthy OF perusa and rehec
ton, both in this country and in England These
officers selected on account of their high char
acter, good sense and unimpeachable integrity.
/ The difference between the duties of English and
American justices the one side, and of French
justices the other, is that the former simply
required to hear and decide litigation which often
begins at their tribunal and is carried up to the
highest Courts whereas the French justice is JUS
tice of the peace in fact in name, and his duty is
to discourage litigation and prevail upon parties to
settle their controversy ii possible, without going
| to law.
! The Office with its presentfunctons, which makes
| the justice of the peace umpire and magis-
trate, created by the Constituent Assembly
seventy years ago, and its success has been trum-
phantly tested by the experience of nearly three
quarters of century. The intention of the Assem-
bly, was to establish prompt and ready mode of OBJ
tanning justice, requiring no machinery of ruinous
procedure and accessible to all classes alike. "Let
itigants be reminded, said one ofthe most eminent
members of the body which created the system,
"that the justice of the tribunal is only made for
those who have not the wit to get along without
it." Accordingly it is the duty of the justice, in
every brought to his notice, instead ofssuing
warrant against the defendant, to listen patiently
to the complaint, weigh its apparent merits and de-
ects In his own mind soothe the irritation of the in
Jured man and appoint hour for audience,
generally not later than the following day. He
then sends the defendant informal summons, re-
questing him to present himself at the same time as
the comp plainant-a summons which is rarely dis
obeyed.
The two meet with the Justice in private room
and the justice urges the trouble and expense at
tending formal appeal to the law advises mutual
concessions, and in nine out OF ten, succeeds
in settling the quarrel without suit and without
expense. That the French are rash and impuisve
people is proved by the fact that in year alone
following law passed in 1855, requiring the justice
to cite once privately before him all contestants
tn he If writ tha nhan
Of letters sent amounted to upwards of three mil
lions and half, an average of one summons to
every ten inhabitants. But here comes in the ad-
mirable influence of the French system, and of the
immense number of disputes each of which, in
America, would have been famed into a ruinous
lawsuit, four-flths reconciled without appealing
to the law.
The writer in the Ecpress, from whose letter we
CLEAN these interesting facts, adds that however
justly may be reproached the present arbitrary po-
itical system of France word of disapprobation
can be applied to the French judiciary; in
try in the world is justice more promptly or more
impartally administered than in France; from the
highest tribunal of the empire to the most insigni
cant police commissarys office, every citizen enjoys
equal rights before the law.
Discovery OF A MAsroDoN IN PLYMOUTH, MlcHl-
| GAN.-We were shown to-day, by Hon. E. j. PEN
niman, two very fine specimens of the teeth of
mastodon, partially exhumed from section twenty
fivein the town of Plymouth, in this county, by
Gilbert Shatuck MIR. Shatuck preparing the
ground TO lay dram tiles when the remains were
discovered. The spot from which they dug is
on the upland near Rouge River, and the teeth be-
fore were found four feet below the surface
The larger of the two teeth is five inches in length
and three and one-haf in breadth, and weighs two
pounds and one ounce. This tooth has six separate
points, the highest of which inch and a
half above the gum. 1t has the general appear
of limestone. The other tooth is smaller and
broken, but presents petrited surface where the
fracture is, dark in the middle, with a light rim
around, and of very high polish
Who can tell the centuries that have elapsed
since this huge monster was mbedded in the swamp
muck? What makes this discovery the more in
teresting is the probability that a nearly perfect
specimen of one of the largest mastodons will be
exhumed from the spot where these teeth
| found. Other parts of the animal have already
been taken out The discovery cannot fail to claim
| the attention of scientific men.-Detrot Tribune,
| Aug. %.
| ATTEMPTING TO FLY.-The Madison Journal re-
| lates the following incident:
''Two or three weeks since man named Whiting,
living near Sun Prairie, in this county, got reli-
gion so earnestly that he too pure for the prairie,
and accordingly attempted to come to Madison or
some other religious place. He was too pure to
travel like mortal, and having faith that he could
fly to his destination, he attempted the experiment.
| He procured an umbrella, and climed to the top
most branches of tree in the skirts of timber
| After hoisting his umbrella, he jumped from the
| tree, and began to kick and squabbe, thereby
thinking to propel himself through the air. La
| Mountain or Wise did not work harder than
hero; but alas for human calculations, instead of
going ahead, he quickly descended to the ground,
| holding on to the handle of the umbrella for dear
life. He at least reached terra frma in sound
state, and has made up his mind that faith is
| good thing, but should not be taken in too large
! doses"
| AN ANCIENT ADvERTIsEMENT.--The following ad-
| vertsement extracted from the Boston Erening
| Post, of November 7th, l74S:
''Choice Pennsylvania Tobacco Paper to be sold
by the publishers of this paper at the Heart and
| Crown-where also may be had the BULLS or In
dulgencies of the present Pope Urban VIII, either
by the single bull, quire ream, at much cheaper
rate than they can be purchased of the French or