The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-09-29
PRICE TWO CENTS
THE ITALIAN QUESTION

| PARIS, Suesday, Sept. -Notwitbsto,I.. =, .
50 important and complicated question as t6nt 1tia
central Italy IS still pending, and apparentIv y 90 f
from settlement as ever, there may be said 70 ba
sort OF stagnation in politics at the present momen
IN Paris. The issue of the affair is wrapt in oh
security, through which scarcely an eve is SO an
uaclous as to think it can pierce. The most thai
the majority of politicians seek to divine and fba
very Irultessly, is the real intention and object d
the French Emperor. There seems a rrowipo
oeliei % thaC ne desires and expects to place hi.
cousin on central Italian throne. Following
soug sdy MS usual astute and tenebrous policy he
WORKS 10 place the people of the Duchies in such
position that they shall be content To take Prince
Napoleon as p1s-dHer-as a middle term between
the Archdukes whom they reject and the Kine of
H. mIledmont, who is to be induced to reject them. =
Inc ldea has been started-but seems to me | ron
less, far-tetched and improbable for varions ran
sons-that there has been from the first covert
unGePstandlng on this head between the French
and Piedmontese Governments
FLORENCE, Sept 10.-A Turin letter informs mo
that the agents of Prince Napoleon, are at Modena
Iescautnl while the Sandman Government sus
Pec5s even Farini of being in ihe Princes interestl
aC jP0logna, Cardinar Niale the Dictator Cipriani
Ioa onJ Ma riuls rep0ii; at Florence, General III
I0a 10 ana Montanelli. To these NAV be added M
E1Inond IeXer, the correspondent of the Siece and
Neapolitan, by name PetrucceIG his foIlor1
traveller, French police officer Paoli and Per
ret' an ancient Bon9partist give these names
Without hesitation, because most of them make no
mystery oil their views and tendencies | know
that General Ulloa and Eugenio Albert. q distin.
geShed man OF letters, in direct correspondenca
Win the Prlnee. Their mot d ordre my informant
"ltes Is not to oppose the present universal move
ment OF Central Italy towards annexation to pied
NOM, non put rather to seem to second it. They trust
@ tnaC when this annexation is shown to be an utter
t t as II Is sure, in their opinion, to turn
OUT, the people, irretrievably committed against
the restoration of the fallen dvnastes will be fain
10 accept their Imperial candidate One of the
- .h letters to my knowledge holds language
The Vienna correspondent of the IonJon I'm,
says: "A Berne telegram of the Sth informs MS
tnat tbe Emperors Francis Joseph and Napoeon
WI WI soon meet at the Castle of Arenenberg Prince
Rlcnard Netternich will return this evening from
Parls. 1t is said that his mission has been upsuc
cessful." ~
The Paris Moniteur has an important official ex-
Poslton OF the action of France in the affairs of
Italy, the authorship of which is attributed to the
Emperor himself. 1t saws:
>, In the month of July last, when the Franco-Sar-
ulhIan ana Austrian armies were in presence of
each other, between the Adige and the Nincio the
cnances were nearly equal on both sides; for if the
former had on its side the moral influence oF enc
oesses ootalnea' the latter army was numerically
stronger and eant for support, not only on forn,i
cable tortreSses but also on the whole Of German,
which at the first signal was ready to make COR
mon cause in favor of Austria. Had that eventual
~ oeen realized, the Emperor Napoleon would have
OF the Adige to direct them on the Rhine and tbn
cause OF Italy, for which the war had been Under-
TAKEN would have been if not lost at least serious
ly compromised.
In these grave circumstances the Emperor
thought that it would be ADVANTAGEOUS to France
IN the first place, and to Italy next, to conclude
peace provided the conditions were in conformity
WIN the programme which he had imposed on
serve. ~
The first question was to know whether Austria
would eede by treaty the territory which had been
conquered; the second, whether she would freely
abandon the supremacy which she had ACQUIRED
throughout the whole of the Italian Peninsula:
whether she would recognize the principle of an
Italian nationality in admitting federative system
ana lastly, whether she would consent to endow
nengtla with institutions which would make her
real Italian province.
Relative to the first point, the Emperor of Ans
trla ceded without dispute, the conquered terrific
ry; and with regard to the second he promised the
most extensive concessions to Nenetia, admit
ting Tor her future organization the position of
Luxembourg as regards the Germanic Confedera-
tlon; but he made a sine qua non condition for
theSe concessions the return of the Archdukes to
their states.
The question was therefore, very clearly set forth
at Nlllatranca; either the Emperor Napoleon should
stlpulate nothing to Venetia, and conine himself
TO the advantages acquired by his arms or else in
order to obtain important concessions and the re-
cognitlon OF the principle of nationality he should
give his adhesion to the return ofthc Archdukes-
common sense, therefore, traced out his line OF
conduct, for it was by no means contemplated to
Drlng back the Archdukes with the assistance of
oreSn troops, but on the contrary to effect their
return, with serious guarantees, BY the free will of
the people, who would be made to understand how
much that restoration for the interest of the
great Italian country.
Such in a few words is the real explanotion
ot the negotiation of Nillafranca; and to every
impartial mind, it is evident that the Empc-
ror Napoleon obtained, by the treaty Of peace,
as much, and perhaps more than he achieved by
arms.
The article goes on to say that Italy should have
have been satisfied with this settlement and cor
cudes as follows:
The Emperor Napoleon, after what had passed
had right to reckon on the good sense and patri-
otism of Italy, and to believe that she would under
stand the handspring of his policy, which NAV be
resumed in these words: Instead Of risking a El-
ropean war, and consequently the Independence Of
his country-nstead of again expending 500 mil.
llons and shedding the blood of so 600 of his sol
dlers, the Emperor Napoleon has accepted q peace
winch sanctions, for the first time for many centu-
RES, the nationality Of the Italian Peninsula
Piedmont. which more particularly represents the
cause of Italy, finds her power considerably in.
creased, and if the Confederation is established will
play the chief part in it; but only condition is
imposed for all these advantages and that is the
restoration of the old sovereign houses to their
States
That language, we still believe, will be under
slOOu well part OF the nation, other
wise what will happen? The French Government
has already stated it: The Archdukes will not be
brought back to their States by foreign intcrven-
ton, but part of the conditions of the peace of
tlllatranea not being executed, the Emperor of
Austria Will thereby be liberated from all engage
ments in favor of Venetia Disquieted by hostile
demonstrations the right bank of the P0 he will
Keep his forces on war footing on the left bank
and instead OF policy Of Cancellation and peace.
there will be seen to revive a spirit of mistrust and
hatred, which will lead to fresh troubles and fresh
disasters.
Some persons appear to hope much from a Euro
pean Congress- we are most anxious that one should
meet but we greatly doubt that Congress can
obtain any better conditions for italy, A Congress
can only demand what is Just; and would it be
just to require important concessions from Il
great Power without offering some fair compensa-
ton in return? War would be the ONLY means: but
let Italy not deceive herset-there is but one
Power in Europe that makes way for an idea that
Power is France, and France has accomplished her
task.
The GREAT RUSSIAN TELEGRAPH
ST. PETERSBURG, Sept. 3.-Unless the Transatlan-
tic Telegraph Company make haste to improve up
on their former efforts, the Russian Government
will certainly anticipate the successful completion
of the great undertaking they have but commenced
In the last number of the IrLuaE Gazette which has
arrived here, find an order Of General Mouravief-
Amurski, the Governor of East Siberia, wherein he
he commands one Captain RomanOH survey the
country, from rkutsk to the shores of the Pacific
with view to the construction of an electric tele,
graph. The wire is to be laid bv way of Kiachta
the well known commercial town ON the Chinese.
frontier; and all authorities requested to assist
the Captain wherever and whenever he REQUIRES
them to do so. As no date is affixed to the order
the probability is that the survey was nearly exc
cuted before its publication. From the shores of
the Pacific, the wire is 10 be carried on to the
continent of America, either through the Aleutic
Isles or by way of Behring Straits. In neither case
do any natural difficulties obstruct the realization
of the scheme, and there is no wide extent of ocean
to be traversed. The Berlin firm, Siemens and
Halske, the same who laid down the Red Sea ca
BILE and constructed the whole network of Russian
telegTaphs, will be entrusted with the execution of
this grand enterprise. Within a wear or two
Londoners may expect to communicate with New
York ria st. Petersburg and the North Pole, or
thereabouts
From BUENos AYREs.-We have few items of
news from Buencs Ayres in addition to those pub
lished yesterday.
During the temporary suspension of hOstilities
UrqulZa with the most cOnsummatc bad faith con-
tnued to commit overt acts against the government
of Buenos Ayres while the latter, keeping their
agreement with Mr.. Yancey, the American Minis
ter, who was conducting the negotiation for peace
acted only in sef-defence.
On the I'd of August party Of Urquizas troops
invaded the Buenos Ayrean territory, but a few
shots sent them flying with casualties. A few
days afterwards Urquiza's four steamers of war,
that were fitted out at Montevideo made their ap-
pearance in the outer roads of BuenoS Ayres. Two
provincial vessels offered them battle and the whole
city assembled on the bank Of the river to the
fight. The four steamers would not fight, but on
the appearance of their opponents steamed away
to CoOnia in the Banda Oriental, and the Buenos
Ayrean vessels concluded not to follows
At latest dates, UrquiZa's squadron was anchored