The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-09-06
Affairs In South America.
OUR BUENos AYREs CORRESPONDENCE.

BuENos AyREs, July 8, 1859
Position Of Buenos Awes and the Confederation Early
Histo,y--D -Derelopemsnt Of Present Aspect Of Things
Constitution Formed and Reected-Uyquisa Defeated and
Escapes-Buenos Ayes Ready 10 Field Urquisa
Maakes-Vie,u Of these Matters Atroad-Free Policy Of
Buenos Ayes-Pullic Sentiment in South Anericd-Pro-
positions for Negotiations, dc.
The hostile attitude Of Buenos Ayrcs and the activity
of the Argentine Confederation attracting towards the
river Plate the eyes OF the world Judging from the
hastily formed opinions here, and the fact that Argentine
edcts based the grand mistake that Buenos Ayres
province in revolt, desire 10 give your readers few
facts of our history.
The civilization Of South America Of Spanish origin;
is its government Until 1910 question subjec-
ton raised. After that date the idea of
independence was so extended and matured that in
1916 Congress convened at Tucuman and recognized
the separate independence of each province State,
and united all in one confederation, the government Of
the United States being the closely followed model These
provinces remained united and struggled through
the province of Buenos Ayres for the general defence
In 1881 distinct treaty, recognizing State rights and
general confederation was again entered into by all the
provinces The integrity Of the territory of the Confede
ration not disturbed until the administration of General
Rosas, whose government became absolute despotsm
Of Entire Rios obtaining aid from the provinces of Cor
rientes and Santa Fe conquered Rosas entire forces
CaSerOs
and declared himself the Liberator.
General Urquza dissolved by his army the Legisla
ture ignored all preexistng facts and laws and invited
the Governors from all the provinces of the Confederation
TO meet and organise constitution for the republic They
met at Nicholas and agreed upon document to be
submitted TO all the provinces.
The constitution submitted TO the provinces
Tor adoption, when it was rejected by the Ie-
of the Lberaor ' and he came down WITH I an
army to again subugate the province Of Buenos Ayres
should have stated the point sooner, that the ex-
,rf Rncac in L ~.
stitutonal Convention met in August 1852 Its work was
reectedsand the forces of Urquza which he left keep
following Urquza returned to resubdue and to enforce the
acceptance Of his constitution This he failed to do and
his army meeting with reyerses he made his own per-
steamer Water Witch, which was at that time employed
upon an exploring expedon under the command of
The province of Buenos Ayres claimed from the begin
ming that she ready to enter heartily into the Conede
ration provided she could approve the federal consttu
on The single point of representation being distributed
upon the basis Of population and upon the basis
ritory would have satisfied Buenos Ayres. That is she
gress the provinces should be represented according
their population This has always been denied To COM
constitution which she has deliberately rejected and
under general officers whom she did not elect and whom
she cordially hates, this war is made
Urquza great mistake was in taking another step after
the expulsion OF Rosas II he had then waited to hear
#asRhEdd ddhhe qAppaE vii he would eaye been secana
war; which preends to be In obedience to the popular
entos and on the personal ambition of few known
in their own country the military circle" Some
aiding the movement foreseeing in 1t the political grave of
Urquza who is in their way.
These views of the relations Of this country preva
lent in the United States in the early part of President
Perce's administration and Minister accredited TO
Buenos Ayres. Similar views were entertained in Eng
land and France But about that time Senior Alberdi,
from the Confederation made the of those countries
totally reversing these views he progressed that
Of these governments have accredited Ministers
at Buenos Ayres
The policy Of Buenos Ayres as an unrestricted 60
vernment, has always been emnently free. She
Immediately opened more freely than the
grand rivers Of her border, which seas,
and which the keys TO her naughty enemys
country She has always permitted merchandise belong
ing to the Confederation TO lie in her custom house
pass through her ports free Of duty while the favor
was not returned And now, when the Argentine ports
closed to foreign vessels which call at Buenos
Ayres this government procaims trade free ever
with the Confederation herself except in munitions Of war.
So completely these views of the facts mbedded in
the public mind in South America that Brazil recedes from
written agreement to aid in the strife; that the earnest
yeomanry Of the Confederation resist in all possible ways
the efforts to organize effective armies for the invasion;
that Buenos Ayres flushed with hope and confident Of
success waiting for the day Of decison and that now
this late hour Gen. Urquza consents to effort to make
q reconciliation.
How these things be arranged but few days will
deveope In event. matters of great Importance for
the world, and especially for South America will very
soon result.