The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-03-09

were necessary to erect new State, consisting of
Manhattan Island, Long Island and Staten
Island tia .juacta in uno-an Empire State, des-
tined to be the focus and centre of the CONNER
cial world
The Efforts to Avert European War.
The letters which we published yesterday from
our Brussels and Berlin correspondents, take
favorable view of the chances of an amicable
solution to the difficulties pending between
Austria and Sardinia. This view is based on the
embarrassment into which the Vienna Cabinet
has been thrown by the notes received from Lord
| Malmesbury and Baron Schleinitz, the Prussian
Minister of Foreign Affairs, declaring that al
| though the Austrian dominion in Lombardy was
| guaranteed by the treaties of 1885, their occupa-
| ton Of Central Italy was neither sanctioned by
international law nor conducive to the tran
quillity and well being of that country and its in
habitants, and that France was justified in her
desire to put an end to the anomalous state of
things created by her troops and those of Aus
tria beyond the frontiers of their respective
empires.
1t is stated that, deprived of the aid of
Prussia and Of the moral support of Eng
land, Austria is now willing to submit to this
plan for the settlement of her Italian difficulties
She must feel herself straitened indeed when
she makes such a concession, for on this very
point hinges the fate of all her other interests in
| Italy. She was convinced of this when, in the
conferences of 1885, she refused to enter into any
| discussion Of the italian question; and if she
withdraws her troops she only consents to that
course now from the apprehension of complete
political isolation. and probably, too, from
vague hope that something will turn up, by and
by, to break the combination against her.
No attentive observer Of the events of the last
few years in Italy could have been deceived by
the affected moderation Of Louis Napoleon's re-
Gently expressed views in connection with that
country. The limitation of his causes of resent
ment against Austria to the continued occupa-
ton of Central Italy was artfully intended to
blind Europe to his real plans The marriage of
Prince Napoleon to the Princess Clothilde-an
alliance which could only have been wrung from
the proud house of Savoy by promise of un-
limited French support to Victor Emnanuel's
| proects-and the significant declarations made
| by Count Cavour on the opening of the Sandman
Chambers, prove clearly that the objects of
neither government are confined to the with
drawal Of the Austrians from the fortified posi-
tons which they occupy on the Piedmontese
frontiers Still, Louis Napoleon tells the world
that he will be satisfied with this concession;
and well he may, for it secures to him, without
the cost and odium of an unjusti6able aggression,
the future supremacy of Italy.
| The arrangement thus wrung from Austria,
although it may temporarily postpone cannot
prevent an eventual recourse to arms. Let the
Austrian and French troops be Withdrawn from
Central Italy, and what will be the result? The
whole Italian peninsula will become prey to
| anarchy and bloodshed. Between the Mazzini
l party and the constitutional monarchists favor
ing the pretensions Of Victor Emmanuel there is
| as wide gulf as between its present rulers and
the liberals generally. Under the pretence of
| protecting Pic Mono, France will again despatch
an army to Rome, whilst Sardinia on its side will
not be slow to avail itself of some similar
pretext to pour its troops into the other States.
The flames Of revolution once lit, it will be i'm
possible to prevent them extending to Lombardy
and Venice, and with the aid of Sardinia and
France those provinces will have no difficulty in
asserting their independence. Thus, Austria will
be hustled out Of Italy before she Is scarcely aware
OF an attack; for once she abandons the fortified
positions which she now holds on the Sandman
frontier, she may be said to have yielded up the
key to her Italian possessions, held as they are
alone by system Of military terrorism.
Three months will not have elapsed after the
evacuation of Central Italy by the Austrians
before the very results which England and
Prussia are now trying to avoid will
be brought about. And as great empire
like Austria cannot allow itself TO be destituted
Of its territory by diplomatic trickery any more
than by force, it will put forth all its energies to
pay back to France the injuries that 1t will
owe her. Prussia, then had better look to her
self, for Prussia is not all Germany, and 1t is not
improbable that the second rate Powers of the
Confederation may be glad to read her lesson
on the selfshness Of the policy which she has
lately been pursuing. Taking into account the
Servlan difficulty, which carries with II its own
share OF danger, we confess that we are unable
to appreciate in existing circumstances tho hope
fulness with which some Of the correspondents
speak Of the prospects Of peace. Whether Aus
tria yields or refuses the point recommended by
the Engioh and Prussian notes, il will, we are
convinced exercise but little influence in avert
iug or postponinR the collisions preparing be-
s"een 1ie i,~d,ng Conuuentai fvwIrs,