davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02
NEW SERIES-NO 1913.

From the WashingtonS States
In 1920 the War Department authorized
Gen. Cass, then Governor of the Territory
of Michigan, to make new explorations in
the Northwest. He circumnavgated the
ing over into the Mississippi valley, ascend
ed the river by its falls and savannahs to
the large body of water named the Upper
Red Cedar Lake, since called Cass Lake.
He learned that Turtle Lake was not even
on the route to the true source, which was
not many days towards the southeast, with
many rapids, falls and lakes intervening.
A pause of twelve years in the further
discovery now ensued. In 1882, the noted
year of the Sank or Black Hawk war,
Schoolcraft verified the general information
of 1920 Placed in charge of public ex-
petition, he traced the river by all its rapids,
falls and windings, to its source of Itasca
Lake-a name which be bestowed on it from
the fragments of two Latin words resem-
bling in sound an Indian term for vital
source. The declarative term, Otosheka,
was changed to ltasca.
Itasca lake lies in lat. Al deg. Ii min.
50 sec., on the most elevated portion of the
continental highlands, called by the French
Hauteur DIES 1erres. 1t is clear and beau
tiful sheet of water, one hundred and forty
six miles, and two hundred and seventy-eight
feet above Cass Lake. At the conclusion
of the treaty of peace and limits at the
close of the American revolutionary war, it
was supposed that the national boundary
line of 40 deg. would cross it. Its origin,
nearly, two degrees to the south, is the true
reason why the source remained so long in
doubt. 1t is widely out of the track of the
fur trade, the French from early days pursu-
ing the direct route through Turtle lake to
Red River.
Little was known in 1920 of the ST. Peter
river. In 1922, the War Department.
then under Calhoun--directed Col. Loring
to explore the St. Peter, now Minnesota
river. After reaching its head he proceed.
ed by portage into the Red River of the
Nor tn, passed across the great Lake Win
nepeg, and assembled, by the route of the
Lake of the Woods and the Rainy Lakes, to
Lake Superior, and around its northern
shores to Sault Ste. Marie.
In 1886 Mr.. |. l. Nicolet, member of
the French Institute, was authorized by the
Secretary of War to make observations in
the Mississippi valley, and prepared most
valuable photographed map of the country,
which was reported to and published by
Congress in 1871. Lieut.. John Fremont
accompanied him as an assistant, and gas
thus eligibly introduced into the career Of
an explorer.
Mr. Nicoet visited Itasca lake in the sum-
mer of 1886, four years after its original
discovery, making many instrumental and
scientific observations of high value, and
verifying the prior geographical discoveries
of 1852.
Minnesota forms the last State erected in
the Mississippi valley proper, and embraces
the entire region of its sources. This State
must have river line, by its windings, of
700 miles.
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02
Horrors of War.

The horrors of war are thus depicted by
a Brescia writer, to the Newark advertiser,
who dates July 25th, and gives an account
of visit to the wounded Of Solferino:
Thousands of these mutilated wretches
are deformed for life. Fancy the hideous
spectacle. More than 1000 limbs have
been amputated. Many have lost both
legs and there is one poor trunk, a fine
spirited young Frenchman, who has been
deprived of all four limbs, that is, both
feet, one arm entire, and the hand of the
other. And yet, alas he lives not, GER
tainly, as one of your English wits once said
to the mourners over a fatal case of like
mutilation, to be an ornament to society !!
The hospital reports yesterday reduce the
sick and wounded remaining to about
5000, chiefly, French and Piedmontese.
The mortality among the Austrians is sur
prising only about 500 remain they are
all we'll provided for in the Cathedral, one
of the 40 improvsed hospitals, attended by
their own surgeons, who were among thepris-
0ntrs. The extreme heat, under which all
nature is languishing, aggravates the suffer-
me but this humane people bring all
their resources to mitigate it. All the
ladies' appear to have become Sisters of
Charity with the heavenly spirit Of Flor
ence Nightingale, though without her re-
ward. The grateful miserables call the
dear creatures angels: who have, indeed,
done better for them than all the priests
and doctors in the service, though number
ed by the hundred. One told me the other
day that she had written 1913 letters for the
dying" with tender messages for the dear
ones at home" There are about fifty deaths
daily. General Armada and the Duke
dAbraantes have both succumbed at last.
There must be something near hundred
thousand of these infrm and manned relics
of the war still lingering in the country, for
nearly every town from Milan to the Mincio
is hospital
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02

AN AMERICAN EAGLE FOR THE EMPEROR
OF AUSTRALIA Richmond correspondent of
the Petersburg Express says:
The Virginia Central brought down on
its train of yesterday afternoon rare bird
of the eagle Species At the invitation of a
friend l visited this natural curiosity to-day.
1t is of enormous size, resembles the CON-
mon gray eagle so frequently caught in Vir
.:ginia, but is bicipitous, or double headed
and iii this its popularity consists. The two
heads: pre- clearly defined, and seem to be
perfect in all respects. 1t receives its food
with the same facility in either beak, and
apparently hears and sees alike through all
its eyes and ears. 1t was captured when
a mere fedgling, near Luray, Page county,
by Mr.. Joannes Schwartzberger, and has
been carefully nurtured and fed by himself
and family ever since. Mr.. S. has disposed
of this curious bird to the Austrian consul
at New York, who intends presenting it to
the Emperor Francis Joseph. A more ap-
propriate present could not be made his
Royal Highness, and he will, doubtless, prize
it highly. The national emblem of this vast
empire, you will recollect, is double headed
eagle; but we will venture the assertion that
this is the first live specimen ever seen. 1t
goes to New York this afternoon by the
Adams express, and will be sent out thence
by one OF the earliest outgoing steamers.
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02

PRESIDENT Buchanan will be 68 years old
on the 18th of November next; Vice Pres
ident Breckenridge will be 80 years of age
on the l6:h of January next; Lewis Cass
is nearly II years old; Stephen A. Doug
las was 46 years of age on the 23d of April
last; Simon Cameron is in his Goth year !;
Jefferson Davis is 81 years old; Caleb
Gushing is in his Goth year; Howell Cobb
will be Al years old on the 9TH of Septem-
Der Text; William Seward is in his 5Sth
year Franklin Pierce is 81 years old
Robert Field Stockton is nearly 60 years
of age; John Charles Fremont was 46
years old or the 18th Of January last John
Bell is 81 years old; John J. Crittenden
will be 10 years old in September next
Alexander H. Stephens was AZ years old
in February last James L. Orr was 81
years old on the 18th of May last jesse
d. Bright is in his 18th year; Augustus
G. Dodge is about Al years cd James
Shields is 40 years old Isaac Toucey is 81
years old; Henry A. Wise is in his SD
year; Robert M. T. Hunter is nearly so
years of age; Robert Toombs was 40 years
old on the I'd of July last Edward Everett
was 81 years old in April last John NJ.
Read is over 60 years of age; Daniel S
Dickinson will be SO years old on the 18th
of September next; Horatio Seymour is
about fifty years of age; John f. Wool is
about IS years of age; John Slidell is in
his Goth year Nathaniel P. Banks was 43
years old last January.
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02

ON the goth of January, 1830-a day
which his eloquence has made historic for
ever-DANIEL WEBSTER, in the course of
his immortal reply to Mr.. HAYNE, said !:
Mr.. President, 1 shall enter upon no en-
comium upon Massachusetts. She needs
none. There she is-behold her and Judge
for yourselves" But this was of Massa-
chusetts as she was thirty years ago. What
she has become the following incident,
laughable though it be, mournfully illus
trates
German Voter-I wish to deposit my vote,
sir.
Inspector-How long have you been in the
State?
German-Almost seven years.
Inspector-YOu can't vote.
Negro-Hello, Sam, is you gwyne for to vote
to-day?
SAM doesn't know, chile, Use only been
here free days.
Negro-Dat doesn't make diff.a bitte1ance
heah, jest go right up and vote, sir.
A foreign-born white man cannot vote
until he has been seven years in the State ;
while a negro imported though he may,
have been by the Echo, in her private ven
ture, of the last summer, enjoys the almost
unrestricted right of suffrage. All, what
irony in those words of WEBSTER if applied
to Massachusetts, now" There she is-be-
hold her and judge for yourselves.-Logan
Gazette.
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02
VOL. XI.-NO. 10.
OCTOBER TO MAY.

From the Atlantic Monthly for September.
The day that brightens half the earth
Is night to half All sweet
Ones mourning is another's mirth
You wear your bright years like CROWN
While mine. dead garlands, tangle down
In chains about my feet.
The breeze which wakes the folded flower
Sweeps dead leaves from the tree;
So partial Time, as hour by hour
He tells the rapid years-eheu.
Brings bloom and beauty still to you,
But leaves his blight with me.
The rain which calls the violet up
Out of the moistened mould,
Skaters the wind flowers fragile cup;
For even Nature has her pets.
And. fayoring the new, forgets
To love and spare the old.
The shower which makes the bud rose
Beats off the lilac bloom.
] am a lilac--so life goes
A lilac that has outlved May;
y on are a blushrose. Welladay
pass, and give you room.
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02

and he kicked me out of his door and down
the steps into Broadway. goes across to
the -- hotel and hires great arm chair
out of the bar-rOom, and takes it across the
street and plants it on the curbstone right
opposite DR.. C.'s office door, and lays the
bill had made out on full sheet of fools
cap across my knees, hanging down so every
body that went by could read in large, black
sanded letters
sDoCToR c.
To J. BURLING, DR..
For collecting of RICHARD RoE
commission. ............ .............S 3O,OO
And all the crowd kept stopping to
read, so that there was all the while two or
three hundred people standing on the doc.
tors pavement, and reading first my bill
and then his sign, and making their jokes.
had hired the chair for the whole afternoon,
but he hadn't stood this more than fifteen
minutes before he comes to the door and
says, Come here, you rascal : and l went
in, and took thirty dollars of his money, and
/, left the bill receipted."
"But, my friend, don't your impudent
ways often get you into scrapes are you
not afraid some one will some day break
your head ?''
Break whose head?" he Numbered.
Didn't Colonel S., of New Orleans, man
that's killed seven men in duels, when l
went to dun him at the Astor House-didnt
he grab me by the slack of my breeches, and
hold me out of the fifth story window, and
shake me there above the pavement, and say,
shall l let you fall and break your neck on
the stones, or take you in and kick you
down stairs p"
WELL" said l anxiously what did you
do them"
"What did l do? said, Pay me that
money and didn't he pull me in and pay
every cent?"
The intensity of his manner as he thus re.
lated his exploits, cannot be rendered on pa
per, especially when he exclaimed, with
closed teeth and the fingers of his round hand
clenched, PAY me that money!
He took the transcript and limped out.
In another day the hapless debtor, and over
match for all the regular thumb-screws of
the law, came in TO beg piteously would call
off the bloodhound, l told him it was the
creditors affair not mine. Next day l met
Burlng at the corner of Cortlandt street,
looking mild and happy, and asked him how
he succeeded. 1" havn't got it yet" was
the reply. {" He hasn't found me out, but he
has Just paid me five dollars to let him dine
at the hotel down there, without my COM
pany. We've taken all our meals together
for the past two days, and he began to find
his appetite fail"
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02

The SpEAKERsHIP OF THE NEXT HOUSE,
The Louisville Journal is in favor of the
election of Hon. THOMAS CoRwIN, of Ohio,
as Speaker Of the House of Representatives
in the next Congress. Of his abilities, par
liamentary experience, political oratory, and
the good nature of his social disposition, the
party that nominated and elected MIR. Cor
WIN cannot perhaps think too highly; but
that party is the Black Republican organi-
cation of Ohio. Now, is it not significant
that Know Nothing, ultra Southern slave
code advocate, the Louisville Journal, should
strenuously recommend for the speakership
a candidate whose election may naturally be
expected to subject the House of Repre-
sentatives to the control of the Black Re-
publicans
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02

The Paris correspondent of the London
GLOBE says, that Princess CLoTILDA, though
mere girl, is just now exercising very
marked influence on the destiny of her native
country. She never concealed at the court
here her personal conviction that she was
modern lphigenia, inundated for state pur-
poses, and she loudly claims performance of
the compact. A kingdom of North Italy
on a large and independent basis, for V1croR
EMANUEL and the house of Savoy was the
stipulation of her marriage contract, and she
talks of returning to her father if the bar
gain is GRADED.
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02

Charles Dickens.

Mr.. Dickins will read sixty times in this
country and in character, so that we will
have him in Quilp, Sampson Brass, Mr..
Pecksniff, Jonas Chuzzewit, Montague Tigg,
MIR. Stigkins, Mr.. Swiveller, Mr.. Guppy,
and the rest of those amiable creatures who
have so delighted the world. He will hard
ly appear in his American characters, viz:
Mr.. Chollop, General Choke, MIR. Scadder,
Major Pawkins, Colonel Diver, M. Lafay-
cite Kettle, Mrs. Hominy, and the others of
those bright accidental stars" who shone
over Scadder's Eden, and pointed the way
there, though precious careful to keep out of
it themselves. We would, for our own part,
rather hear MIR. Dickens read his american
Notes." and those portions of Martin Chuz-
zlewit" that relate to us, than any thing else
that he ever wrote-they are so clever, and
hit so hard, and often so justly; but the
prejudices of some others are probably not
quite so conquerable as ours, and we shouldn't
advise him to try the american dodge" in
American land. So long as lie shall confne
himself to the showing up of English rogues
he will be very successful here, but it would
be imprudent were he to assail the weaknesses
of the sovereign people of the United States.
In one of his works he speaks of a"United
States security" being the type of everything
that is utterly worthless, and that would not
be exactly the best passage to read to
Yankee audience, because they would know
that Omitted States security is the best
national government, having always paid its
debts. and rather more than paid them, in
full. The words occur in "The Christmas
Carol" one of his best productions, and
which he is especially fond of reading in
public, because he reads it well. He Wilde
we'll to pass it by here.-Boston Traveller,
10th.
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02

RECENTLY a most extraordinary race
took place in fashionable ladies' seminary
school in the Thiergarten. Berlin, where
thirty-three young ladies contested for the
championship in swimming. The winner,
who is nineteen years OF age, and very
handsome, is said to have proved that she
might as we'll challenge the other sex as her
own. The race was followed by an elegant
luncheon, only ladies being present, and the
promenaders in the neighborhood listened
with establishment to the lusty cheers that
followed the toasts.
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02
Horace Greeley at Salt Lake City.

Under date of Salt Lake City, July 18th,
Mr.. GREELEY writes
Salt Lake City wears a pleasant aspect
to the emigrant or traveller, weary, dusty,
and Drowned with thousand miles of JOLT
ing, fording, and camping, through the
scorched and naked American desert. 1t is
located mainly on the bench of hard gravel
that slopes southwark from the foot of the
mountains towards the valley the houses
generally small and of one story-are all
built of adobe (sun- hardened brick and
have neat and quiet look, while the uni
form breadth OF the streets (eight rods) and
the magnificent distances" usually OBJ
served in the buildings leach block contain
ing ten acres, and divided into eight lots,
giving quarter of an acre for buildings
and an acre for garden fruit, &C., to each
householder make up an ensemble seldom
equaled. Then the rills of bright spark
ling, leaping water which, diverted from the
streams issuing from several adjacent noun.
tain canons, flow through each street, and
are conducted at will into every garden,
diffuse an air of freshness and GOODNESS,
which none can fail to enjoy, but which on
ly traveller in summer across the plains
can fully appreciate. On single business
street the Post Office, principal stores &C.,
are set pretty near each other, though not so
close as in other cities everywhere else, l
believe, the original plan of the city has
been wisely and happily preserved.
Southwark from the city the soil is softer
and richer, and there are farms of Il judge
ten to forty or sixty acres, but l am told
that the lowest portion of the valley nearly
on level with the lake, is so impregnated
with salt, soda, &C., as to yield but grud-
ging return for the husbandman's labor. |
believe, however, that even this region is
available as stock range-thOusands on
thousands of cattle, mainly owned in the ci-
ty, being pastured here in winter as we'll as
summer, are said to do we'll in all seasons.
For, though, snow is never absent from the
mountain chains which shut in this valley,
it seldom lies long in the valley itself.
The pass over the Wabsatch is, if l mis-
take not, $500 icet above the sea level; this
valley about 1900. The atmosphere is so
pure that the mountains across the valley to
the south, seem but ten or fifteen miles off
they are really from twenty to thirty. The
lake is some twenty miles westward; but we
see only the rugged mountain known as" An
telope Island" which rises in its centre, and
seems to bound the valley in that direction.
But both the lake and valley wind away to
the northwest for distance of some ninety
miles-the lake receiving the waters of We.
Der and Bear rivers behind the mountains in
that direction. And then there are other
valleys like this, nestled among the noun
tains south and west to the very bases of the
Sierra Nevada. So there will be room
enough here for this strange people for many
years.
But of the Mormons and Mormonism, 1
propose to speak only after studying them );
to which end remain here several days Ion
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02

Forces IN THE BATrLEs.-The Paris
Journal deS Debats cOrrects the assertion of
FRANCIS JOSEPH, that his army had been
defeated by superior numbers In review
ing the facts and figures furnished from all
sources, the DebatS finds that the Kaiser has
exaggerated not only the number of his enc.
mics, but the losses of his own troops at
Solferino. 1t gives he following table:
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02

The first American Woman that ever
landed in Japan was Mrs. BAILEY, of Phil
adelphia, master of the ship Mary Ellis.
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02

The Great Eastern is advertised in the
London papers, to leave for Portland early
in September. Some one compares her
with NOah's ark, as follows
Noah's Ark, Noah's Ark, Great
according to Sir according to Eastern.
Isaac Newton. Bish. Watkins.
Length between
pendicu ...... SIS 81 57 $50.
Breadth ............. S. el36 50
Deptn oloo o4U 60
Keel, or length for
onnage ..........4 64 OS 1921 63o.O2
Tonnage according
to old aw........ 1872 2l.162 q. 092
The first American Woman that ever
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-09-02

MQU 1925. Dispofoh Printing 90. g.
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1859-11-24

VIRGINIA AGAIN INVADED The tele.
graph under date of Nov. 18th, says
it is reported in Richmond, Va, that
an attempted rescue of Brown was
expected, and created great excite
ment. The military are under arms,
ready to march at moments warn
ing. Another despatch from Alexan-
dria says:
"Grcat excitement at present OK.
lists in this city in consequence of a
rumor which is in circulation, that the
rescue of Brown has been, or is about
to be attempted. Volunteers are as.
scmbling at the armories."
Poor Virginia Panic has got
such astrong hold upon the "F. F. vs.
that there is great danger of their all
dying of fear of the "Abolitionists."
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1859-11-24
Gbe gntelligenttr.
Execution of Brown.

Certain Northern papers convey tho
impression of very general belief in
John Browns safety from execution.
They assume that, for political or other
reasons, Gov. Wise will be induced
TO show clemency to this condemned
man. There is not much probability
that this will be the case. Gov. Wise
will be compelled to obey the behests
Of the slavery oligarchy, and their cry
is for blood, blood, continually. A
writer from Harpcr's Ferry says:
You, at distance, can hardly form
an impression of the rage for venge-
ance which is felt by the citizens of
this place. When Brown was in court,
on trial. there were always faces burn.
ing with hatred hanging over him,
fiercely watching every movement
that he made. In the event of an at
tempt at rescue, which has been the
great fear all along, and to prevent
which all these extraordinary military
precautions are still kept up, the jail
ors have been instructed to shoot him
and his companions instantly. The
populace are resolute in their deter
mination that their victims shall new
or be taken from them, and it does
not seem that this determination is to
be shaken by any expedient.
"Whom the gods would destroy
they first make mad" and we can say
. to the Virginians that in the shedding
of John Browns blood they would
only be sowing dragons teeth. Pc,
litically, Browns execution would be
one of the worst things that slave
holders could possibly do. They fool
ishly suppose it would strike terror
into the hearts of the Abolitionists "
of the North, but they would learn to
their sorrow that the contrary would
be the effect and that their slave prop
crty would be more insecure than ever
before.
St. Charles City Republican intelligencer. [volume] (St. Charles City [Charles City], Iowa) 1857-1861, 1859-11-24

The Charleston Mercury declares
its policy to be the support of the
nominees of the Charleston Convcn-
ton, if they place themselves square
ly on the rights of the south, as de-
ducible from the bred Scott decision,
and if they are defeated, withdrawal
from the Union. If the Charleston
Convention fails to come up to the
work, it goes for an exclusively south
ern ticket, and separation from the
Union in case of defeat This is on
the comprehensive and magnanimous
principle Of heads | win-taiIs you
lose y