The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-08-30
PRICE TWO CENTS.
EUROPE.
BY TIE LATE ARRTVALS.
I From The FSDero !

From the Esperol
We publish the following address presented to
the ambassadors of England Russia and Prussia.
residing at Turin, demanding, in the name and on
behalf of the most respectable and influential in
habitants OF the Venetian provinces, the absolute
independence of the Venetians regards Austria:
EXCELLENCY: On learning the compact made at
Villafranca cries of grief and despair burst forth
from the people of Venice. great number of
persons CONSPICUOUS by their abilities and station,
and members of municipalities, sooner became
aware OF 1t than they discussed it with bold
ness, and sent strong protest sgainst its provi-
slons, charging us to present it to the Sandman
Government and the Ministers of the foreign Pow
ers residing here, and to invoke their aid and pro-
lection. Excellency, we now present it to you,
and permit ourselves to add to it q few words of
our own. The melancholy recital at length of our
sad yiclssltudes would be tedious. Hear the sum
mary of them:
Venice, for thirteen centuries independent, a torch
OF civilization in the darkness of the medieval
period, mistress of the arts and Sciences the pro-
moter OF industry and commerce, the bulwark
against Turkish invasion and barbarism, which
threatened Europe for such a number of wears,
Venice, overthrown by the tempest that ragged to-
ward the end OF the eighteenth century, was un-
justly cancelled from the number of Powers Let
us not dwell on that calamitous past The Congress
OF Vienna, ignoring the rights and deserts of that
lllustrlous republic, without listening to her. and
with force alone for its reason, gave her over to
the power of Austria. And here commences the
long series of expressions and Oyerbearng acts of
which she was the victim. A foreign Government,
imposed by bayonets, odious to the people, could
only reign by violence and fraud, and violence and
fraud were the sole supporters of its rule. Taxes
levied beyond all measure and at its good pleasure;
prosecutions and calumnes for men OF intellect the
gallows and the dungeon for any one that breathed
word OF liberty and independence; every branch
OF industry and commerce fettered or iuterdicted
for the advantage of other parts of the empire;
those sciences that somewhat favor liberty per-
We. ted or banished; soth and vice fosered; annual
conscFiptions, thereby depriving the land of its
most robust youth, taking them away from arts
manufactures or agriculture, and sending them
away to the most remote provinces of the empire,
there to oppress other nationaties-behold in few
words what Austria has been.
Thrty-three years of this iniqutous system failed
10 curp and corrupt pure people that loved their
Independence. Its hatred, confined at first to our
own breasts, began by degrees to find vent. 1t was
suppressed, but burst out again, and gaining in
tenslty with time created q cOnfagrationin lS4S of
such energy and magnitude that the Austrian
armies, unable to check it, took refuge in their for
tresses. The Venetians, being then free, united
themselves unanimously to their Lombard and Pied
montese brethren. In the mean time the Austrians
We're reinforced, and the Italians, unsupported in
terlor In numerical strength and novices to great
extent IN the art of war; were compelled to sue
cumb; but they fell, protesting, with arms in their
hands. The resistance of Udine Trevso and the
Cadore OF NicenZa and Venice, mot conquered by the
sword and fire of the enemy, but by the pestiience
and famine, will remain bright examples of the love
the Venetians had for independence, of their in
vincDe antipathy to the Austrian dominion. Eu-
rope remained callOus to sacrifice, and believed
perhaps, in our death. Let her see now if she was
mistaken. We fell in l949 but to rise again and re-
commence the struggle. A brutal military govern
ment, that for many years itreated our Provinces,
wished to extnguish our love of independence by
those returns at Mantua that made all Europe
shudder, and by those dungeons OF Josephstadt that
were crowded with our patriots. Msdeeds of no
avail! The blood of her martyrs and the suffer
ings of her imprisoned gave fresh life to the
resistance of the Venetians.
Seeing that cruelty availed nothing, blandish-
ments were had recourse to. Vain arts The bland
lshments were rejected with dsdain A voice
meanwhile resounded on this side of the Alps, full
OF pity for ltays cries of grief That voice, like
an electric spark, spread and agitated the breasts
of our Venetian youth, who, numerous yet select,
abandoned ease and braved the danger of long
journeyings among the Alps; they hurried thither,
aud buckling on the knapsack, surrendered them
selves joyfully to the soldiers life. Later still
another voice resounded from France, which said
that it would make Italy free from the Alps to the
Adriatic. Then more Venetian youths hurried off
to that voice, and enrolled themselves in the Sar-
dnian army. Burning with the love of country,
contdlng In promises, our young men distinguished
themselves the fields of battle; and many of them
found gallant death at Palestro, Como, Earese
Rezzate, and San Martino They were cheered in
their last moments with the hope that their native
land would also be made free. They were deceived
The old yoke has instead been pressed
down hard upon the neck of Venice But
let not Europe believe that Venice is resigned to it
Ferocity and military despotism are now more in
solent there than ever. To their former outrares
they add fresh ones; the assessments to the taxes
are made, not in proportion to citizens means
but to his opinions adverse to the Governments they
arrest individuals the most revered, and, without
trial of any kind, transport them to JOsephstadt;
ladies OF illustrious rank, arrested by bais, are
led off by night to the fOrtresses and subjected to
the sentences of military tribunals our homes are
invaded by licentious and violaEt soldiery, who
drive out the owners or shut them up in the gar
rets; laying their hands property, they carry on
corn and cattle Dismay and terror are every
where. Such, Excellency, is the state of our Prov
inces Such new indictments to the lust anger of
the Venetfans will render the against our enc
my still more relentless. Assuredly, Venetia will
begin again the struggle if Europe does not come
to her aid; and yet prouder and more unsubdued
she will persevere till she obtains her independence
for this is her right and her supreme need Excel
lency, we have described to you the suferings and
told you the intentions of the Venetians. Permit
to say word to you in the interest of peace
and of the European equilibrium. Italy for five
and forty years has been in revolution, constantly
threatening the peace of Europe.
While the distorted ideas prevailed that dictated
the treaties of 1915, and founded the Holy Alliance,
they fanced they could do what they liked with
the people of Italy, who raised their heads, from
time to time, and gave utterance to their thoughts
in return. Austria had the consent of other pow
to the silence and quiet of the tomb. She attempt
ed it in vain.
The movements suppressed in one place broke
out in others, and after while appeared again
where they had been suppressed.
These futile attempts at suppression; the good
fortune that a prince of beloved memory who es-
poused cause, should fight for it with arms
the still greater good fortune that his son and sue
cessor should appoint himself the intrepid and con-
slant defender Of cause; the jealousy that was
at length awakened in Europe by AuStria's pre-
ponderance, obtained through her secret treaties
with the other Italian princes and her concordat
with Rome-all this led Europe to think on our
woes, and by removing the causes put end to the
effects.
The real cause of the evil was recognized in
Austria, and war was undertaken by France and
Piedmont to drive her out of Italy.
The war ended with the unexpected peace of
Nillafranca, that confirmed the dominion of Aus
tria Venetia and the Lombard fortresses, that
stipulated for the Duke of Modena and the Grand
Duke of Tuscany, and that perhaps will permit the
Legations and the Duchy of Parma to be ruled
over by their former governments
To the ills of Italy it brought then remedy; if
the be maintained the effects will be renew
ed, and the treaty of Villafranca should it not be
altered, will give rise to fresh disturbances and
new wars. Has European equilibrium been OBJ
tanned by the peace? Since Austria remains in
possession of Yenetia and the QUADRANGLE with the
influence, secured to her through the strength of a
vast empire that she dsposes Of through her rela-
tionship with the Princes of MOdena and Tuscany,
and the claim she lays to the succession of their
States; Austria, with her Concordat, that made
Rome grateful and devoted to her, and with her alb
soute Government the nominal model of the other
Italian Governments, Piedmont excepted; Austria
we saw, whether she remains alone or confederated
will retain over Italy that preponderance which
the main cause of the war recently waged
Should matters, therefore, continue on the terms
settled at Villafranca the fate of Venice would be
rendered worse, peace would be threatened more
seriously by revolution, and the equilibrium of Eu-
rope be modified in behalf of Austria. One hope
alone will still deter Nenetia and other parts of
Italy from resorting to extreme measures-the hope
that Congress of the Powers may remedy the mis-
chief caused by the disastrous peace of Vilafranca
by giving to Venetia absolute independence of
Austria. Excellency, it was with this hope that
our feow-citizens drew up and sent off the address
that we have presented to you, and with this hope
we have turned to you.
Wenow pray that you will be so good as to trans
nit these words of ours to your Government which,
we confidently trust will hearken to them from a
sense of humanity for the observance of right for
the maintenance of peace, and the equilibrium of
Europe. Accept, Excellency, the assurance of our
homage.
Giovanni Battista Gustiniani, of Venice; Alberto
Cavaetto, of Padua; Sebastiano Tecchio, of Vicen-
"a; Professor Giuseppe Clement, of Verona; Pros
pero Antonini, of Udine; Guglielmo d'Onigo Of
Treviso; Bernardo Bernardo of Rovigo; the AdyO-
cate Luigi de Stetfani, of Bellumo; the Advocate
Giovanni Bonollo. of Vicenza
FROM GARIBALDPS CAMP
special correspondent of the London Daily Nelos
writes an interesting letter from Trano, August 5,
from which we extract the following:
You are already aware that in this singular corps
the soldier generally belongs to the best class OF
Italian society. In consequence of this popularity