New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-12-07
i. -. ha.,ion 81 50 feet square. and AZ high as

bricks or ties laid in mortar made Of lime aud clay,
the whole mass in process OF ime becoming @uaOse a.
ton of the wall is chiefly the inner side the outer
being nearly perpendeuiar.
Approaching the city from the east, we passed
through the south-eastern gate, there being two on
each eide Of the Tartar city. Over u, a. over the
others observed in my excursions afierward SEES
finely built and impoeng structure, called tower,
bason in the Technology OF military science "hlen
created universal attei ton aud admiration. IL "ds
thought that tie city wall is here 6o feet high; and
thai the toweIbaston erected upon II Is at least ~
more with front 81 least 80 feet long, Immediately
above Il line Of the wall three rows oi ports rse one
above another, with twelve pors 10 each row: ABOVE
these there another story IN the towerbason, WIN
single row of twelve ports, making Is IN the whole
Each Of the ports IL closed by WOODEN shutter IN tue
inside Of which 10 painted the muzzie OF monster
gun The whole structure rs OF blue brick. Inc Two
buildings and are ornamented with green coored tiles
Tie wGoie presents highly imposing and even Tor
midable appearance in the distance; but how truly
formidable they are remains 10 I've seen, when parks
of European cannon shall play upon them.
IT gate in the seni-circuiar wall ~ about ~ feet
vide and IS high and the wall - feet thick Passing
through the court came TO the gate In the cy WALL
which is about the same dimensions while the wall
seeed to be full 40 feet thick, and the gate proper
reaf at any moment be turned upon It's hinges 10 eX-
eude outer barbarans and rebels was OF the most for
midable weight, thickness aud sOlldty
A. has been staed in all descriptions OF Pekin, the
northern division, Tartar city, embraces three M
closures ore within another and each surrounded by
It's own wall and having It's own gates. The Imperial
Palace is in the center with structures con-
nected with il. This incosure is called the Prohibited
City, from s sacredness as the abode OF the Emperor
It's about two miles and its walls near
y as high as those in the city, being faced with glazed
bricks and covered with yellow ties-ihe Cnlnese
color of ROYALTY IA purple 10 that OF the West. In
bright day, and at distance, the elect Ia almost dz-
ding Tie second inclosure, which surrounds the EN-
tc he linn aal ls
square about six miles in circumference, and CORES
r0nding in it, form with the northern division OF the
city. The wall mcOsng 1t is ~ feet high. Ihe hrst
or outernOs Enclosure occupied by shops and houses
of the common people while the second or the lmpe
rial CITY, is to great extent occupied by temples and
Offices and public buildings and the houses OF the Man
darns and higher classes and the artificial lake, 10 the
center of which rises an artificial mount 49, feet high,
around whose base are planted shady ueSs, Whhe
royal pavions crown its summit.
The southern division, Chinese City, which IS
separated from the Tartar City by the old wall which
still remains with It's three gates If the most popuous
part Of the town. thong large are without houses,
and used only az gardens and other large spaces are
occupied as about temples Nor are there any
edfces of interest and Importance, except the Temple
or Altar Of Heaven suated III an lncosnre about three
miles in circumference, close to which s the Palace OF
Abstinence in which the Emperor iasts for three days
preparatory to Offering the annual sacrifices. Opposite
10 the Temple OF Heaven Il the Temple or Altar oil
Earth also surrounded by an Enclosure OF about the
forms the ceremony of holding the plow, in the pres
ence of s admring Minister'S Mandarlns, and people.
grand avenue passes from north 10 soulh, throu3n
the very heart of the Tartar and Chinese City, the old
central gate of the three IN the southern wall OF the
Tartar City, which WAS the outer wall, opening
wide its doors 10 give passage 10 the moving crowds
Tie Pekin officials persisently affirm that the Popu-
laton Of the city is fully 5000 OOO and some put II
above this figure From what | cav of the crowds
outside the gates and in the streets ] prepared TO
admit any number short vi the MINUTE OBVIOUSLY
conjecture amounts to nothing and only actual census
is entitled to confidence. Had Nautilus seen the
crow DIS, be would have been supplied with new argu,
menie on the evils of an excess oil populatOni ana
dvnes could have found materials tOr indicating the
divine government in the existence OF death.
On one occasion took stroll into the central and
business uart of the Tartar City, accompanied only by
a marine and both of us were armed Crowds gathered
around and pressed upon MS, gazing, chatterihY anu
wondering but always civil ana pleasant some sou
diers and policemen also soon showed themselves ouI
only to preserve order and protect me. The streets
are sufficiently wide, and always cross at night angles,
but ed Tor the that from the shores OF the
Cult Of PeCheeee TO Pekin stones do moi grow Tor the
whole distance did not observe one above the size OF
INV tbun,b which had not been brought from the noun
taius Tie houses are all built Of brick, and are OF
one story ONLY except in few instances, OF small
dimensions. wall runs along in the street IN front
of the houses excluding them from sight, except the
roofs unless the gate OPEN permitting the eye 10
look into the interior. Then IN some Instances, large
edces were SEEM with spacious courts and hne trees,
and elegant gardens, and all the indications OF taste
and wealth.
IxSas happy 10 see woman here emaneipated from
two Cbneie 6afbarisms. She was allowed TO use her
ewes and gaLe from her windows, and even standing
in the door, upon the passing stranger, no one moes
nu her or making her afraid her feet also had escaped
torture in the attempt to cramp them and give them
fate beauty For the Manchoos, who are very numer-
ous in Pekn and Northern China and OF which race ID
the present regnng dynasty did lot originate the GUS
tom, nor do their women practice 1t. Generally they
were well formed though OF low stature, with we'll
formed features black eyes, and let-bek hair, and In
the utmost uAuriance which is turned back upon the
top OF the head, where 1t Ii tied down close, ana lhen
made INTO sort Of mat and land as broad as one hand
upOn tie top, in Sly lie anything but offensive ana oar
barous Their dress was always decent sometimes
fine and their teeth perfect and white as snow
Tie Mantchoos 30 closely resemble the Chinese that
even our interpreters, one OF whom has lived here
nearly 80 years, could not distinguish one race uOm the
other.
When pressed hard by the crowds would suddenly
Turn corner, and strike into new street, much Ia
their amusement at Yankee wit. The great street,
which We followed for AT least Il mile and half before
we took another, which in half mile brought Us to
our quarters crowded with houses and stores each
sde while such Its width that IN some parts poor peo-
PIE have planted bamboo poles, and attached TO taem
raflers and covered the whole with the most tattered
Quilts and old garments, aud thus made themselves
houses leaving still the most ample space each side,
wider indeed than your Broadway. The sightoi such
| immense poverty painful, and even revolving,
though il was a relief TO shink OF the humanity OF the
Government which allowed, II did not provide these
simple ereclons. The straHper beholds OF these
beautiful and superb edices of those neat and
elegant Streets which the principal ornament OF
European and American cities The style OF the arcin-
lecture and the appearance of the buildings always
the same, and therefore uresome. AS, however, IN
this grand the front OF every Sdop aud store has
an arrangement peculiar % Itself and before II, on
each side a perpendicular sign-bOard high the
root, covered with inscriptions in large gilt or printed
characters, describing the wases within and the repu-
tGton of the dt aer and the front OF the ore Itself
often hung from top TO bottom with hags and ribbons,
while in sos,e instances arga Doles carefully yrou