The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-27
hand 10 urnsh it, He retains the old mansion but sails
what will relieve him from immediate rum


such justaabe, under the imperative and over
ruling law of self preservation. He also tells that
dspensabe 70 success that he should be entrusted with
the means for making advance 10 the Spanish govern
%sn ned after The s1 e the s,y t
Of fact an appeal TO Congress for an expression Of is
opinion on the propriety Of renewing the negotiation
should we fail 70 give him the means which
may be indispensable 70 success, IL may wen be con-
sidered by the President ntimaton that do not
desire the acquisition Of the island.
has been asserted that the people of Cuba do
sire transfer to the United States II this we're 80
would presen1 very serious objection 70 the measure.
The evidence which Is based s, that the receipt OF
the Presidents message, addresses made by the
nicpal authorities of Havana and other towns protesting
their devotion to the CROWN and their hostility 70 the ns
tuons Of the United States Any one who has had an oppor
tunty observing the persuasive influence Of the bayonet
value 70 attach TO such demonstrations Of popular sen
ment There can be NO doubt that immense majority
Of the people Of Cuba are not only in favor but ardent
desrous OF annexation to the United States II would be
strange indeed they go; deprived Of all inu-
ence even in the local affairs of the slandunrepresented
In the by successive hordes of hungry on
cals sent from the mother country acquire
enjoyed at home, having sympathy with the people
among whom they are mere sojourners, and upon whom
they look down interiors; liable TO be arrested any
moment on the most tring charges; tried by military
courts submissive judges removable at pleasure pun
shed at the discretion Of the Captain General they would
be less than men II they contented with their yoke
But have the best authority, from the most reliable
asserting that nearly the entire native popu
tion of Cuba desires annexation.
SOCIAL ELEMENTS CuRA.
AppTeueO6lOuS nave expressed
Statement Of pers resulting from the different elements
composing the population, and the supposed mixture Of
sSS
6o5560 were whites, 205,57o free colored and
slaves.
Allowing the annual percentage OF increase for
each class, shown by comparison with the previous
census the total population now is about $50 600, Of
which 742 900 whtes 30c0 free colored and $751;
600 slaves There is good reason TO suppose that the
slaves considerably exceed the estimated number, Il
pretor to under state t. The feeling Of caste a race 3
as marked in Cuba as in the United States. The white
creole is as IS free from all faint Of African blood a. the de-
numerous white peasantry, brave, robust sober and
honest not yet perhaps prepared ntegently 70 dis,
who from his organization, physical and mental capa
BILE Of being elevated by culture TO the level with
informed and fitted for self government men Of any
class of any nation be who have not inhaled with their
| breath the atmosphere Of freedom.
Many Of them, accompanied by their families be
| met with every summer at our cities and
terng places observing and approaching the working Of
our form of government, and its marvellous results;
many seeking until the arrival auspcious days. an
asylum from the oppression that has driven them from
their homes while hundreds of youths our schools
and colleges are acquiring our language and fitting them.
selves hereafter, is TO be hoped at distant day,
play distinguished part in their own legislative halls
in the counses Of the nation.
cuBA THE SLAVE TRADE AND RIGHT SEARCH.
These men, who are the great propretors Of the SOIL
which is carried on by Spaniards from the peninsula,
renegade Americans and other adventurers from every
CLINE and country tolerated and protected by the autho
Were there sincere desire to arrest the slave trade it
s rs a
for this illegal traffic; and the British government
been as intent upon enforcing its treaty spua,ions
with Spain for its abolition as 1t has been in
denouncing abuses Of our flag, which cannot
entirely prevent, this question would long since
have ceased TO be source Of irritating discussion,
II may be Of possible future difficulty. Those who desire
to extrpate the slave trade may find in their sympathy
for the African a motive TO support this bill.
1 COnCuSi1n Ashh tOx Ronkv
in 1872 kept up squadron on the coast Of Africa for the
suppression Of the slave rade and still bound
continue IT, The annual cost of this squadron least
$500 000 The cost IN seventeen years amounts $l3
100000 (hirteen millions six hundred thousand dollarsj
pears from report of select committee Of the British
House of Commons made March, 1850 that the number
Of slaves exported from Africa had sunk down 1912
Ghe very year in which the Ashburon treaty was
cluded), to nearly $4,000. In 1S43 OOO In
ls46 it was 76,000' in lS47 il was 81 ,O00 and
then in state OF unusual activity Sir Charles Hotham,
Of the most distinguished officers Of the British
navy and who commanded on the coast Of Africa for
several years, examined by that select committee
He said that the force under his command high
state Of dscipne that his views carried ont his
officers his entire satisfaction; that 30 far from having
succeeded in stopping the slave trade, he bad
crippled to the extent of giving permanent check
that the slave trade had been regulated by the CONNER
cal demand for slaves and had been little affected BY the
Of his squadron and that experience had proven
the system of repression by cruisers the Of
Africa utleths too when the British squadron counted
twenty seven vessels comprising several steamers,
rng about three hundred guns and three thousand
expense OF the squadron 16 ABOUT
with auxiliary establishments on the coast costing at least
81 500 900 morea total cost annually Of five millions Of
dollars in pursuance Of system which experience has
In 1S47 the Brazilian slave trade was in eull
activity. 1t has been entirely suppressed for
the coast Of Africa exclusively for the Spanish islands
It Is not easy TO estimate the number. From the best
data however, 10 supposed now to be from twenty-five
to thirty thousand year. II would 10 exist the
moment We acquire possession Of the island OF Cuba.
The Importation OF slaves into the United States
x1A tkan rAofvnc Al
fifty years. but has occurred OF its violation
that Of the Wandere which has recently excited much
attention.
cooIK TRADE AND rnR nuxAynAmAss.
Another consequence which should equally enlst the
sympahies Of phlanthrupists excepting that whose
tears are only shed for those Of ebon hue who turn
with Indifference from the suerings Of men Of any other
complexion, rs the suppression Of the infamous coolie
Chinese is elevated above the African in the scale Of
creation more civilized Intellectual and therefore
feeling more acutely the shackes Of the slave ship
and the harsh discipline Of the overseer The num-
ber Of Chinese shipped for Cuba the commencement
Of the traffic up to March last is 2s777 of whom 4l34
of the year the number landed at Havana was 9449 We
bluh 70 that three ourhs of the number trans
aas Of the two Countries that have er % os ns
for the suppression OF the African slave trade. The
Of mortality on the passage was lax per cent, and q
much larger proportion Of these wretched beings
landed in enfeebcd condition. Coming, too, from
temperate climate, they not capable Of enduring the
to the tropical sun In which the African delights
TO bask. When their allotted time OF service shall have
been completed the small remnant of the survivors viii
furnish conclusive evidence Of the barbarty with which
they are treated. The master feels interest in his
temporary slave beyond that of extracting from
him the greatest possible amount of labor during the
continuance Of his servitnde.~ His DEATH or in.
capacity TO labor ut the, end of his term s TO the
master matter Of as much indifference as is the fate
Of the operative employed in his mill TO the Manchester
spinner.
Another effect Of this measure, which should recon-
mend IL most strongly TO the humanitarans will be the
better treatment and increased happiness Of the slaves
now existing In the island that would inevitably flow from
It, AS general rule the slave Is well treated In proper
ton to his productveness and convertible value as an
expensive instrument carefully handled than one
Of less cost When the importation Of slaves from abroad
Is arrested the home production affords the only
Of supplying the increasing demand for labor. may be
assumed axiom Of political economy that the in
Of population IL not the only true test is the most
reliable Of the average we'll being Of the class 10 which
is applied Tried by this test the slave OF the United
States affords very high standard compared with
the white population of favored land But when COM