New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-10-29

vols. fhuene ppS. j. D. LippaucoI u 70
Third, and Last, Article
Ths history of Iodustry in no civilized country
n the world presents such scenes Of periodic ruin
- is found in the Manufacturing, Farming, Mining
and Railroad history of the American Union. vi
all the persons concerned in making those great
improvements required for diminishing the diS-
tar ces between consumers and producers-ior en-
ablno tia PRODUCERS of wool, fax and food readily
IN exchange with those who make iron, linen and
.loth--snd for reducing the prices OF manufactured
commodities while enhancing those of the raw
,odncts of the esrth-of all these, the large major
;tv have been broken in fortune and IN hope. Ihe
,esut /. seen in the facts that the various metals
have risen in price, as compared with the prices OF
cotton and Hour-that American farmers as rule
are poor-that with each successive year, the land
in those States which produce for export, becomes
more exhausted-snd that the country at large e1-
hibits 90 many other evidences of declining ciyili-
cation.
How the Protection of Domestic Industry inva-
riably enriches nation, in every department of ts
Life, and how it elevates and strengthens people
morally, socially, and politically, Mr.. Carey proves
by historical record too lengthy for US to quote
FROM tempting as it is by the concusiveness Of its
reasoning.
Of al the popular objections urged against Pro
teotion, be makes very short work. TO the plea o
the Free Traders, that a Protective Tariff raises
the price Of manufactures, and taxes the farmers
for the benefit Of the people who convert their
wool and corn into cloth, he opposes the conclu-
sive fact, that commodities 90 from the place
where they are cheap, to the place where they arc
dear, and traces the course Of British manufas-
lures and of French manufactures, outward, to all
parts of the world. Protection built up the indus
try of both France and England, and sustans the
FIRST directly, as the prevailing law of the Empire
and sustains the second by the wealth and skill
which il required q century to create, and which
are 90 enormous as to defy competition. Ships,
being the property of the influential Trading class
in the United States, have always been protected,
and they are more cheaply produced here than
anywhere else in the world. But Protection can
be afforded by circumstances well as by statute.
Wherever that has been given, the result has uni.
formly been to cheaper production and perfect the
fabric. The protection of the American newspa.
per is complete. No country in the world 10 so
abundsDtly and cbeaply supplied with good daily
and weekly journals as is ours. Our school books
are necessarily protected by our circumstances.
They are unrivaled throughout the world in their
cheapness and excellence. The dryness of our eli
mate foIbids the use of foreigngrown woods in our
pianos, and completely protects their domestic man
ufacture. How extraordinary is the production of
these instruments here and how excellent 10 their
quality and how general is their use becoming,
from their growing cheapness. Consider, tOO the
case of castiron stoves, and of sewing ma
chimes although the manufacture Of these two last
il in its infancy.
To the false charge that Protection tends TO
lower the prices of the raw products of the earth
il 10 sufficient to reply generally that il it be true
il muit tend to cause export of them. The reverse
of this, however, is the fact-raw products being
exported from ali unprotected countries, and i'm
ported into the protected ones and that settles the
question of price, and Of the best market in which
for the farmer to sell.
That Protection builds up monopolies, and favors
classes ia an objection which has often been used,
with the effect of slung shot, on the stump and
in the legislature. Competition is the sure and
speedy corrective high prices in every free coun-
try. In spite Of the monopoly given by our Patent
Laws, see how thick is becoming the manufacture
Of moving and respiDg machines. How short
day of grace was conceded to the exclusive possess
sion of the profits of making nails by machinery and
screws aud pins. Cheapness-permanent cheapness,
that eannet be disturbed from without or wthn--s
the final and inevitable influence upon manufactures
eXerted by Protection. Anunestablished manufac-
ture is liable periodically to be swamped by impor-
tatioDs at prices temporarily made cheap and de-
signed to be destructive When its competition is
got rid Of the prices of the fabric are Immediately
put up. Buyers have no protection against an ad.
vance of price Of an unprotected article. The
history Of our purchase of railroad and bar iron
from Great Britain is full of humating and sore
experience in this regard
1t is an axiom of true Economy, that the pre-.
cious metals tend tordrd those countries in which
empoyments are most diversihed-in which tho
power of association most exists-and in which,
consequently, land and labor tend most to rise in
price 1t is also an axiom, that the precious met
ais teId from those countries in which employ
mcnts are least diyersifed-thsse in which the
power of combination least eIsts-and those in
WuiCn Aohu opo oooi consequently ionSs al PiiCcS
because there it is that finished commodities are
dearest. 1t is also an axiom that in those coun-
tries from which gold and silver flow, the prices of
raw materials ana of finished commodities become
from year to year more widely separated-the far.
mer and the planter giving steadily increasing
quantity of wool and corn, for diminishing guam
tity Of iron and Cloth. Looking at the United
States cenerallv wa find that whenever THAR mol
icy has tended to produce combination Of action
between the farmer and the artisan, they have been
Importers Of the precious metals, and that then