The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1859-05-28
The italian Question.

q nation. We being component parts of all
| nations, representatives OF Germans, Gau!s,
| Normans and Anglo-Saxons, as well as
more or less tinctured with the warm and
| fiery blood of more southern skies, ale allied
in sympathy with these people on their na-
! tive soil in whatever country they may
be domiciled; and now when the battle
/ cry Is about. once more to sound and re-
vertebrate through the world, and powder
and ball and cleaning steel are to be the
bloody arbitratOrs between some of them
1t becomes us to enquire and look into the
causes OF the commotion and strife so like
| ly to ensue, as well as what its issues NAV
be
First let us take down the map of the
States of the Church. of Lombardy and
! Strd MIA, for tar, for the present. is
the field of action and thereon the blood
red drama is to be enacted Yes, here
,so,c are gathered and gathering together
legions OF armed men, clothed in all the
terrible panoply of war. and their num-
bers are not by tens, hut by hundreds Of
thousands of men. of all arms. Here
horses and men and cannon are corcen-
trated and being concentrated by ali the
energy and power of mind and steam
Railroads and steamboats, are taxed To all
thcir wonderful! capacity night and day
and Touion Grenobie Mar,e.llcs. Genoa
Turin. @Nantua, Venice Vienna, and the
mountain Alps resound with armed mas
ses hurrying into battles magntiCcntly
stern array, with such an activity and i'm
petuoSty as the CAESARS and Alexandcrs,
or even the great Napoleon never dream
ed of
Austria on one hand and Sardinia and
France on the other The first power,
with population, according to the census
Of loji, of tJ,IiA,Gf3 -ouls, brings into
the field her army OF 1J>.02I men Of all
arms, about 10000 of which are cavalry.
HerpicceS Of artillery are strong in pro
portion, and effectively served
Sardinia, the next power. lying between
Frtuce and Austrian possessions, and
Switzerland and the Mediterranean Sea,
North and South, by the census Of l~j7.
contained 4 population OF } 5,ll1.J+2 with
an army of i4gIj OF all arms Thi, -he
has of late increased TO q most effective
fore" of about 10000 men. near 2Ou@J
OF which are young Italians, exileS, refu-
gees, and rovoiutionIsts, the most fierc..
hatcrs of Austrian sway, and under the
command Of accomplished officers whose
InV-tcraCy ! "a. deep a. their own.
France, the thlrd power IN tbs compE
cation. 10y the ccnst, OF $40 contained
population o: 81 .l39.3b4 and her army NOW
comprises about GtJrpO men. about p.
600 Of which are cavalry, and 3t,UJJ az
tillery and the nex French artillery Is
altogether probably the most cliec-
tive in EnIope The new rifiled can
mons, as accurate and deadly as the Min
ME or Enfield rifle. planting ball >
inches deep, 10y actual meas urcmeut. into
solid masonry, and carrying a ball the
founding distance of 400 yards, and ac-
tually hitting . single LoI-ym5n IT $500
yards. must l." found 10 work q dtc@diul
revolution over the field artillery that has
before been used. Add 70 tins the trcnci.
and mnIv Of the Sandman troops are
fresh from tho ,Ilal-"- -. rnr Trirl74a a5li
having fought side by SIDE there - recent
". il Is 3 ar-at stimulus 10 greater fields
ct triumph. and VIII nerve them 10
moro daring ifro-sitle if not mol ler deeds
We should also note that the Loraiardo-
Ncnitian kingdom with population Il D.
lHHE.- has an amy. though TOW lncCr-
porite in n c., n-ed IS part Of III
Austrian amy. D. w easily d.~t.E-u-
from il and under certain circumstances
NAV carly he detached from IL. Ai-o
that the States Of the Church. unier IL"
government cf the ie.raIchal power. the
Pope OF Rome. have an Independent army
Of l6.ouj men vi all arms, but WHICH. a. II
is u be hoped with all ecclesiastical sol
dicrs. maintained merely 70 add pomp and
circumstance IN ecclesiastical power, are
not considered the most reliable IN times
of trial. The other Italian State have
each an army of more or less, hut at pres
ont we will not enumcratc them The
martial spirit Of nearly all the Young men
OF Italy i well known, and need not now
Ia. l.,
vet bear an important part III the coInpi.-
cations that arms now seem destined TO
arbitrate
Now what is all this question which so
menaces the peace OF Europe? Why
should Austria throw down the gauntlet
to Sardinia and Fr.ncc-appcal 70 the
wager of battle, instead of the pen Of di-
plomacy? Why again bathe in blood the
peaceful agricultural and fruitful fields
where 20 often before has RACED the de
mon of war? The solution of these ques-
tions is the solution Of the Italian qucs-
ton
The ancient traditions "a well as the
present regime of Austria are equally
strong in the impression that destiny
points them 20 territorial ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
and enlarged powers In addition to this
francis .]osErH, her emperor, and the
whole House of HAPsBURG, believe that
they have special mission in the s,Ibu-
CATION of all Italy to her power in con-
nection with and under the concordat
with the Pope. Herein jealousy and en-
w Of the rising popularity and increasing
power Of the king OF Sardinia and his
growing interest and favor IL the hearts OF
the democracy of the Italian people, tho
he too is son OF the church. has become
oil l. To-. In, oil,
ton to this too it is notable that francis
JOSEPH, - years of age, is the rival in his
own opinion at least. of LOUIS NAPOLEON,
and that of him shall be reverged the
long smothered fires of hatred of austria
towards France and the great Napoleon,
f no- Of the whole German race against
the French as Il nation.
We may now say a peace congress has
been proposed by England and Russia,
and deposed by Napoleon and Francis Jo-
seph. who from the first of th.s compli-
cations have been determined to trial OF
their strength by wager Of battle, instead
of the slow means of diplomacy. This
assertion we feel justified now in making
for the last news is that Austria has cross
d the Tioino a northern branch OF the
river Po, and the boundary line between
Lombardo Nenitian territory and the king
dom of Sardinia and which is necessarily
considered declaration of war on her
part, and Louis Napoleon DISCUSSES all his
movements in bold assertions that his ac-
tons in this matter are in defence of n just
cause, to emanci pate oppression, promote
civilization, preserve the balance of power,
and resist unjust aggression upon an indie
pendent power by the stronger upon the
weaker because they have the power and
i,ht -.
Between the despotIsm of Naroleon the
III. and the Is a on of FIR n is. Joseph
who would make choice? W i'll, all the
loud nrefensions of the one we regard