The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-04-21

the otuOCEnCy Al AoOV-uIN, from t0elT reuuou
upon the good old party platform Of the spoils
and plumber; and secondly, from the divisions of
the opposition upon constitutional questions and
principles, in which, this way or that way, the
bulk of the republicans, Americans and old line
wings sincerely believe.
The Crisis In Europe-Austria Between tho
Upper and Neither BDlIstone.
The news received yesterday by the Saxonia
and Arabia is the most important that has come
across the Atlantic for q long time. For a thou
sand years Europe has not Witnessed such crisis
as to-day combines to throw everything into one
mans hands.
In England we have q dissolution of ParliA-
ment, and an appeal by the ministry to the people,
which deprives the present government Of Great
Britain for months to come of much of its moral
strength on the Continent The military mo-
marches are continuing their vast preparations
for war, talking all the while about Congress to
settle the pending difficulties, but which no one
believes will settle anything. Austria is on the
verge of q financial crisis. All the other Pow
ers-Russia, England and Sardinia-have ne
gotiated the loans they had applied for, but the
Rothschilds had given up the attempt to place
the Austrian scrip. Russia is hand in glove
with France. Germany Is divided, and under
the action Of division Of opinion she will fol-
low, through Prussia, England In her course
of inaction. Thus the House of Hapa.
burg is brought between the two mill
stones, France and Russia, and the in
terests of three hundred millions of civil
lied people hang upon the Wills Of two men
Alexander on one side, and Louis Napoleon on
the other.
But it is the latter that is more particularly
the master of the situation. His position is one
that knows no parallel in history. Absolute
master Of thirty-six millions of men in the
highest state of intellectual and industrial dc
velopement; with navy superior in numbers
and weight of metal to that of England, and
first in the world; possessing railroads crossing
his territory in every direction, and fleets Of
steam transports at command upon the sea; his
empire 1ourishing and almost virgin in its finan-
cial resources; England, the only power that
could possibly close the paths of the ocean to
him, his friendly ally, Napoleon III. Yields to-
day a far greater power than ever did Napoleon I.
in his palmiest days. Add to this that he is not
bound by the treaties that bind the rest of
Europe, for France was ignored at the Congress
of Vienna; that be has no dynastic ties such as
bind other royal rulers; and that, with the most
INSCRIPTIONS brain in Europe, his sole aim is to
create net to follow precedents; and we have
the secret of that triumph Of diplomacy, backed
by bay onets, which makes him the arbiter of the
European world.
He has, too, the gift of silence, combined with
tenacity of purpose, in remarkable degree; and
whom no sroaks II is frequently for the pur-
pose of Disgusting his intentions than of announc-
ing them. He said "The Empire is peace" and
straightway made war with Russia Every
where be proclams England as his best ally, and
so fortiGes Cherbourg that every Englishman
looks upon it as standing menace to England
With the softest assurances Of peaceful views
upon his lips, he arms France as France never
before was armed, and Ivy so doing brings half
the timeworn monarches of Europe to the verge
of bankruptcy, by forcing them to follow his
example, SO that they may be prepared to meet
him should he assume to take offence. Thus on
the one hand he weakens bis enemies, while
by the exercise of al astute diplomacy he puts
them in the wrong, and forces them in self de-
fence to become the ageressors.
This is precisely the position to which he has
reduced Austria. He has forced her to such i'm
mense expenditures in arming her Italian posses
sions that she is on the verge Of a financial re-
lapse, from which she can escape only by war,
and resort to measures that only foreign
war will enable government to impose upon
its people. In this state of things he talks
Of negotiation, and seeks an interna-
tonal Congress. But all the while he
continues his own warlike preparations to
such degree that Austria cannot in any way
diminish hers. Thus delay becomes more dan
gerous to her than war ITSELF She can escape
from domestic CONFUSION oaly by the breaking
out Of hostilitiee, and she must commence them
in selfpreservation. But the first gun that Aus
tria fires upon the Ticino isolatcs her from the
eympathes Of the rest Of Europe, and leaves her
TO cope single handed against her powerful
enemy.
Then comes what Louis Napoleon intends, and
what the first Napoleon ardently longed for
The alliance with England makes the Mediterra
nean French lake. It was Nelson who pre-
vented the first Napoleon from using the naval
power Of France in bis Italian wars. Now Louie
Napoleon can freely pour that power into the
Adriotc and the certain capture of Venice and
Trieste oullanks the Austrian armies in the
Lombardo- Venetian Kingdoms. Such a move
ment revises the treaties of Vienna, If their total
destruction can be called revision. This is
what Louis Napoleon aims at, and what be will
attain. His diplomacy triumphs by threatening
war, backed by his admitted power to make IL;
and in war he triumphs by isolating his oppo-
nents through diplomacy, for by it he puts them
In the position of being the aggressors. He Is
the msster of Europe, and his policy has convert
Il H. - "a