The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-04-02
CENTRAL AMERICAN AFFAIRS.

Inc AsphWall correspondent OF the New ork
Tunes under date OF March %, gives the following
items in addition to those already published:
The Sandman treaty, now under discussion, will
be signed and passed. This information is from
Managua, nnder date of 18th instant. The
treaty with the United States will not be rati-
fed.
The English treaty does not settle the Mosquito
question. 1t remains in the unsettled state as
heretofore. 1t is reported, upon good authority,
that separate article, additional proposed by
Nicaragua and accepted by Sir VIM. Gore Ouseley
was agreed upon, viz: "That nothing in the pres
ent treaty shall be construed so as to preclude
Nicaragua from her rights upon the Mosquito ques-
ton" If this should prove correct England has
not surrendered any of her pretensons over the
Mosquito Territory, although she has acquired new
rights, such as the navigation of the rivers of Mic
caragua by her subjects, under her own flag and
under her o'cn protection.
The entrance to the port of San Juan del Norte is
fast filling up. The channel is now only Is feet
deep and 40 wide; while the distance from the end
OF the spit to the main land is but $50 feet. The
new opening made by the sea at the old Transit
Company's depot, has deepened to 6 feet and con-
tinues gradually to deepen.
Mr.: Thomas S. Bell, the newly appointed Com
mercial Agent, in place of Mr. B. Squire Cotrell,
arrived at San Juan del Norte by the Clyde. and
assumed the duties of his office
Her Britannia Majesty's ships Valorous, Basilisk,
Caesar, Diadem, and small tender of about 100
tons, which arrived in company with the Diadem
from Jamaica, on the 18th inst. were still at San
Juan del Norte. The Caesar and Diadem were ex-
pected in few days to leave for Vera Cruz, and
the Valarous for Jamaica.
learn that protest has been made against the
Nlcaraguan Government for the seizure of the
steamers CASEY rissari and Catharine Maria and it
will go forward to-day by the Northern Light to
the Secretary of State. 1t is said to have been
made before our commercial agent at San Juan del
Norte, by the celebrated filibuster Louis Sches-
singer, who claims to be an American citizen i'll
mistake not, this individual is now Costa Rican
subject, and has no claims whatever upon the pro-
lection of our country. He deserted w alker at l
think, the battle of Rivas, and became Colonel in
the Costa Rican army Of course, he cannot now
be an American citizen. Thus, the Nicaragua
imbroglio becomes more than ever complicated.
The Brooklyn will leave tomorrow for Vera
Cruz via Porto Belo, where she is necessitated to
touch to fill up her water, as it cannot be procured
here at present. 1t will not detan her longer than
day or two.
Yours, very truly.
| CALIFoRNIA.-Caitornia is "going ahead like
steamboat" The increase in horses during period
of two years is A, 600, and in cattle 100 0OO The
exports of hides during the past year amounted to
S5l6.Il2. The quantity of land cultivated in 1856
was oil ,963 acres; in 1885, 755,734; being in
fenced in for grazing purposes. The crop of wheat
for the year 1858 is set down at 1865 500 bushels;
and that of barley at 5,3S2, III. This is 2lS 79S
more bushels OF barley than the amount raised in the
| whole Union in 1850, according to the census.
| In the cultivation of grape and manufacture of
wine the Golden State of the Pacific already stands
foremost in the Confederacy. The increase in this
interest has been one hundred and fifty per cent in
two years. The number of vines in 1858 was near
y 1000, 900, and ofthis large number onethird is
! found in single county-Los Angeles-while the
average yield Of each vine is estimated at fourteen
pounds. During the year 1858, there were manu-
featured in California of wine 1856 900 gallons and
of brandy 10000 gallons, making a Total of nearly
400 900. 1t is estimated that in 1860 900 900 gal
Ions of these liquors will be manufactured in Caior
mia.
| A considerable share of attention has been devo-
ted to the rearing of sheep, for which experience
has demonstrated that the soil and climate of Cali
fornia are admirably adapted. During the year
1858 there were exported 35l 67l pounds of wool,
at home valuation of Sls9,634, while the number
of sheep in the State at the present time is estima
ted at 650,0O0-being more than double the num-
Der estimated for 1856.
So far the mining interests are concerned, it
is shown that this department of State and national
wealth is increasing in Importance in almost every
section of the State. At the present time there
five thousan. seven hundred and twenty-six miles
of artificial water-courses constructed for mining
purposes, at an expense of thirteen and half mil
lions of dollars, while the number of mills erected
in 1857, for quartz mining, is stated at 1873, at
cost of ST. 763, 900. On the LIST of November 1858,
the number of mills had increased to 49, costing
So, 900.