The spirit of democracy. [volume] (Woodsfield, Ohio) 1844-1994, 1859-05-25
TUE CAUSE OF fHE WAR.


Austria claims that she rightly owns
and controls Lombardy and Venice; that
she has a right to control them as she
sees fit; that in order to do this she must
maintain with the several neighboring
Italian States such an influence as will
render her Lombardy Veintian sover-
eighty SAFE. Therefore, she keeps up o
partial military occupancy of the central
Italian States, aud virtually rules in
Italy. Sardinia is the only large Italian
province which is an exception. There
Austria has no power, and the policy of
Sardinia, which is favorable to the estab-
hshment of constitutional government IN
Italy, +, hostile to that of Austria, which
tends /" the main. nance of the strictest
military despotism. Sardinia, and
France sympathising with her, on the
contrary claim that the Austrian occupa-
tion of Italy is injurious to its effects on
the Italian States, prevents the develop.
ment of that country, and is virtually in
violation of the treaties and compacts of
1915. They demand the abandonment
of the Austrian occupation of Ital y and
the Sardinian frontier, aud that Austria
shall cease to exercise any more control
in Italian affairs than the other great
powers. These demands Austria refus-
es to comply with, alleging that her pol
icy in Italy is necessary to her own pro-
lection in her own dependencies of Venice
and Lombardy. These matters have
been in controversy for three years.
France and Sardinia proposed in 1856
the consideration of the subject by the
Congress of the European powers. Aus
tria would would not consent to this
Diplomatic negotiation were carried on
however, between France and Austria
J but the difference has grown wider and
wider the longer the discussion has con.
tinued, until now they propose to settle
, the whole affair by resort to arms.
THE FLIGHT OF THE DUKE OF TUSCANY.
The advices by the Adelaide announc
ed that the Tuscan army had demanded
of the Duke to join France and Sardinia
! and declare war against, and that he de
clined. but Immediately took flight. Tht
/ FIRST government, therefore, overthrow
, by the present European convulsion, is
singularly enough, one of the most liber
J al. The New York Post has the follow
ing in relation to the fugitive Duke:
: Leopold H., Grand Duke of Tuscany
is the second son of the Grand Duk
Ferdinand ILL.,, and was born at Flor
, ence, on the Sd of October, 1871. Dur
!, ing his infancy his family suffered oolitica
: reverses, being driven out of their domin
5 ions by the French. Retiring to Ger
4 many, his father caused the young Leo
: pold to be educated, first at Saizbur,
: and afterwards at Watzburg. In 1914
s on the fall of Napoleon, Florence was re
!. stored to the grand Duke, and Leopold
, returned with the family to his nativ
f city. In 1917 he married Saxon Prin
i cess, and in 1924, on the death of hi
+. father, succeeded to the ducal chair, Du
!, ring the troubles of Is48 he was agai
= expelled. but soon returned to his capito
: and on the 22d of June, 1850, a conven
r tion was signed by which ten thousap
3 Austrian troops should occupy Tuscan
: and support the authority Of the sove
s reign. .
: Frequent vicisitudes proved to Lee
i pold that direct tyranny would epdange
j his government, but as a Scion of th
house of Hapsburg, and the grandson c
s a German emperor, his feelings natural
q inclined towards imperial rather than re
: publican traditions. Indeed, whateve
e might have been his inclinations, the in