New-York daily tribune., 1859-01-01
RUSSIA.


s..,.,;cs, created by . ehsss In March lssf' VIZ
I~.,, ~ nnbl.bsd The largest province is Yakootsk
9Th sO0. 600 square miee The snalest hooIs' WI.
Acoo The population Of Russia is set down q
,, zoo 600 not including the mourtaneefsoi OF the Ceo
a, IA. foreigners IN the American posseea 'ns
r, ,h. vs.r 1856, there were 2,7l6,se6 oihhs, ana
e,Is se s.s,bs--a an increase Of 5je974 souls ln al
p...i, there are S,227 schools, with 4oW2 scno'a"'
:, .sv,n tenth, Der cen. Of the whole population.
e.r,uoud.Des Of sDI.I<ps.aaaes Bsss. 90 ,s.0
~. PETERSBURG, Nov. q, IDS.
promised you the news OF toe isoOr' ~ -, -.
p.tsnburgy Committee on Emsncpsaon' snc - A.
~ the protect which accompanies IT, slgreo " o" -"
COMMITTEE. ..., .;,,..
Th.v we're In session for two months, severs' tie'
week often twice day, and it VS. no is'e 'u-Ds
- a session which Commences a. OcicA u" ."'
....;,y nroopeed 70 midpght. The grest question
dsb.,sd and DISCUSSED from every possibe point
- The bases upon which the Committee had 70
turd their plan generally diskedi the necessity,
koveyer OF yielding TO the Will Of the Emperor, hS
lat produced result very nearly 10 accordance "l'h
she view. Of the Government. Bot Ale1anaer flsto-
sof the brother Of the Director Of the Chancey o. me
Emperor's Lieutenant in Poland, and harshS o. Ine
District Tsskoe selo, fought necessarily sgsns' ''e
bsses prescribed by the Emperor, a. containing coh
ffa Al
Con 70 ,Aie land on eorree. When the plan was
adopted, PlstonOH fatty refused to sign IT, declaring
tst he coulG not accept in things which he hsd
..t.,ted in detail and he presented counter-prcsct
or rather very plsn-spoken protest, when throws
.nch usbt on the ancient public law of Russia
He fret sfms that ,ts subsection of the pes'sntry
NJ Rpssi. 10 serfdom has Iever been decreed by
ssa,s law that il is the Ietut Of series OF admins
tystve regulations, in the elaboration Of which the
ela.s<s which form the body Of the nation took no
mart Observing that In the sixteenth century, when'
from A desire for order, GoudODof made law
imposing upon the pessantry permsnsnce OF resi-
Seree in the places which then their homes there
was no intertiOn Of deprving them OF tien c1vii
rgbts or Of their citizenship. The Code oil John W.
anterior TO this Law Of permsnence distinguishes the
peasantry in nowise om the other inhabitants OF the
country Ia the Code Of Alexis, made long after the
pssssrtry had lost the right Of changing their place OF
Iomicle, not word is said Of personal slavery the
psassrtry being considered before as well a. after
ths 10 be simply subjects Of the lord on whose lands
they chose to establish themselves without becoming
,hsr serfs, still less their property. Peasants have
been considered a. property in administrative reguis
sons only since Peter L. and this manner Of restng
them has rever been confirmed by any State law.
There has long existed in Russia, an institution
which has given TO the Russian Government KIND oi
representative character an Imperial Council OF the
country composed Of deputies from all classes OF the
nation. In law this council still exists, although 1t
kas not been consulted since Catherine H. IL was tins
eouIcl which crowned the RomanOfs, who never
dreamed Of denying it this right, and settled their
legitimacy Al fs '~~. sssaion, when Il was consulted
NV Catherine H. il established the regulations u the
Provinces and several other lave Of great importance
.ss.mbled and the Czsrs have governed by means Of
administrative laws which really present nothing but
mass of undigestsd regulations, hat have produced
a. unbesrd.of cbaoe in the several branches OF the
public service.
Thess laws originated by the Bureaucracy and cor
armes by the Emperor cannot have the character Of
national laws the National Council not having par
toipaed in their formation, aud no other institution
t<sg able 10 relieve the Emperor ofther responsibility,
since peher the Council othe Empire made up OF fane-
tionsres who have grown old in bureau1 and in the
Geld nor the Council Of Ministers can be considered to
be legislative bodies.
Theoretically these laws lack basis; practically, they
are near narrow, often contradictory, and sometimes
imprscticsble. Complaints have long been heard
Arairst the bad administration of Affairs, aud the ev
cent causes Of this tina. the lAvs buried beneath
sbesp Of chsnee-produced ordinances, and admins
trstve combinations without either coheson or system
Nov, when the business 10 10 unite the knots with
which the administration has fastened great portion
Of the couutry the mobiles who have long wished fo
this Tine find themselves powerless in their action
programme is given them 10 Gil out, and a. the sam
ans secret Instructions prescribing the way in which
they are 10 6n IL out work which the Committees o
ncbes mutt sign on their own responsibility.
Tie Committee Of ST. Petersburg, guided and moves
by an influence above it, set itself q, work, and ha
just hnished the labor which wa given II, and whie
may be said TO have been dictated by the Bureaucracy
Piaonod alone opposed this project, in which he sal
al the rules of reason well al the principles
justice even to the rights c properly, were overrdde
without mercy. He urges that ordinances Of the In
pcrsnce Of these which affect the most vital interest
Of the country can only be be established in virtue
State law made by the Emperor, under the advice
tAe National Council ard insists ths; the Emperor
sctipg with the advice only oi the Bureaucracy es1
act impcse fundamental law upon the nation.
He therefore protested against The plan dictated b
the Bureaucracy and accepted by the COMMITTEES, as
p&n which degraded the mobiles destroyed every sle
eps Of veal for the peasant, and armed two classs
against each other BY efss,ins between them ID
permslsat antsgonism Of elashing interests. 10
meahers Of the Committee expressed their synPaie
With bis protest, and decided unanimously thai
shond Be appepded to the plac which many signe
unvihngly, regarding il as the expression Of law
bed ia essencs a. il Ma strange IN form
II eaxsc, be denied TIA; there is mu.h power sn
reason in the argument Of PlsionoG who fes the ri
suits u emancipation basis imposed OF the neble'
The peasan wil get nominal liberty, and Will Be NOR
thar ever slave be vll be subjsct to the commune