The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-02-28

y.
he sometimes cast upon the world from the top Of his
rock had generazed the same idea by applying 70 all
Aggiomerston the concentration OF the same geograpn
cal nations which had been divided ana partoned BY
revolution and politics Thus, there are in Europe,
though scattered more than thirty million French,
fifteen million Spaniards, fifteen million Italians,
and thirty million Germans | wished 70 make o. o.
with such cortege that would have been grand TO ad
posterty and the benediction OF ages felt my
self worthy Of that glory" What nation is Interested
than Germany in the respect Of nationalitiesY
II ia justly jealous OF It's own. Since lSlo
tends more and more tho, recoas sr claims sa ny
duchies Of Holstein- Schleswg from Denmark. We'll,
German nationality bears In itsefa Of an al
iteration Of s right and It's principles II the Gle ment which
foreign to it, which changes s nature BY attaching t,
the great Germanic body shred OF italian nationality
Thus the Marquis d'Azeglio of the most eminent
statesmen In Piedmont, was justified when some time
since he expressed this reproach:-
Germany endesvorns obtain her independence to
sssss a;gS: x nc ss!: ~
sssSs winch he good particular Of Germany would
other side Of the Rhine, and the immense majority Of
formed for the triumph Of the Italian
only the republican character Of the revolution of 1S4S
Justly alarmed tho Diet OF Frankfort and rendered the
right side of that assembly particularly circumspec liz
sympathy for Italian nationality The Germanc Confede
ration believed that menaced 10 it's independence;
in ne some German officers asserted that the line Of the
Mnco was in strategic point Of view, necessary 10 Ger
many and they had accredited this opinion that in any
Austria ought to kecp, as necessary cover the
country comprised between that river and the Adratic.
Prussia had accepted This pot Of departure to propose 70 the
Did species Of compromise which ut least manifested it's
sympathy the Italian cause and at the same time its
sOcitude for German According this plan,
prepared by M de Raaow Austria was TO Keep the Line
remained within the limits Of the Austrian Empire to
form part Of Italian Confederation This plan was
jected by the Diet which Viennese influence pre-
vailed. In Germany, as in Italy, as everywhere the
voutionary spirit prevailed tho national movement
which had preceded followed the burst of 84S The Diet
Of Frankfort produced nothing The Germanic Confcdera
ton obtained Of the guarantees Of unity and liberty of
action that sought placed under the influence of 0o great
po~rs n has nerhan no hone erc, in heir meessorv
rirary Boh Of these Powers are condemned on their
side to that opposition which is the condition Of their i'm
porance. Prussia which tends 10 become the head of the
Geanc body, has immense interest keeping Austra
ia check BY becoming her ally she would make herself
the accomplce OF her own humiliation, aud she would
thus disown the work of The great Frederick
In word, the Italian question, Ietuced to national
interest, disengaged from the revolutionary element,
limited and tempered in its preten by the moral pro-
ectorae of Europe could have nothing mcnacpg for Ger
many Far tom IT, It's solution, If it was possible, would
be new force for German nationality, and guarantee
for the security and equilibrium of all the Stats that COM
pose it,
".
WHAT DOES FRANCE WISH?
After having demonstrated that England was morally
engaged and Germany politically Interested in national
this question should be characterized with respect to
France.
republic and under the first empire, To reconstute
Europe impose herself her. TO change her frontier
10 dspace the naonaltes to depose kings to found dy
nass rather does she desire simply to consoda,e to
strengthen the present ORDER in Europe by applying her
power to resolve the difficulties which may and
endanger il?
We believe the question to be thus precisely laid
down.
The first Empire, Ike the Revolution bad general OBJ
in ftSOp I'M tcofp
topality merely secondary Europe leagucd
against principles which bad just trunphed in France,
and under the influence of which immense transforms
ton about to be accom- lshed We condemned,
for long time, perhaps to struggle alone against all ia
oouuie interest," d se mna pp0ca, con- o.
other peoples. We had then, to create for ourselves,
everywhere-on the Rhine. the Scheldt, the Pyrc-
nees, the Alps-fortresses advanced posts, order
to support, according 10 circumstances, policy alter
nately offensive and defensive. Whe, the Emperor Napo
poleom caused himself to be crosmed King Of Aay, aad
proclaimed Protector Of the German Caederaon he &c
sired rather to project than d9grandsse h French ltoy,
Which ,eas greet enough ~ rs %a "a, Limits 0s to 60 o.
time the influence Of France, aud his victorious
eagles carried abroad with hem not scrvitude but civil
lzation.
In what concerns Italy particularly the Emperor
planned the motives Of his domination over that lny in
for the Italians he said the was already
far advanced TWAS only wanting TO become old and each
day rpened with them the unity Of principle aud ofegsa
ton that OF thought and feeling, that cement secure and
infalble Of human aggomeratous The union Of Pied.
mont with France, that Of Parma Tuscany, Rome, had
object than 10 watch guarantee to promote the
tiOnai education of the Italians And let II be said
that this generous thought was in the conscience Of the
we'll and truly the inspiration OF his political genius and
what proves is the official answer which no made in
lS 10 Mezi who headed the deputaon charged with
That reply is ray Of light in this historic question.
Here il Is
Ibave always had the intention ofcreang The Italian nation
atty and Independent accept the guard
H. but only for the time my interests shall quirc it,
The campaigns of the revolution the conquess of the
empire, then violent means, extreme resource
Of struggle and Of propagandism but they were net
system. The Emperor only made Germany and Italy
Italian Misfotunes surprised him before this object OF
European equilibrium could be accomplished; and what is
side Of The Rhine and the Alps was found necessary to
excite against him the national sentiment which he
dersood and Which entered into his vast plan ee-
nent OF general pacihcation 1t was by promising their
independence to Italy Germany that the coalition was
able to rail- them round It's flag.
The state Of France with relation to Europe is at the
present day quite different The French revolution hes
done its work as 10 Institutions laws and and its
influence is lett hey ond our frontiers The empire re estab
Ished after more than thirty years struggle has gained
the alliance Of some Of the oldest monarches the friend
ship OF others the esteem OF ALL There Is consequently
10 fear that generation oi
snch as those Which hare cot so much blood and given
| much 9t0ry to cur fathers.
Europe would no doubt be moved by it, but it ought not
to be dequiced at IT, 1t is not her independence which
IN question. Var, whch Fortunately is not probable,
'coud hare Other object the day uhca should become
necessary than prevent revolutions BY Of the lgi
mate Satisfaction giren TO he requirements Of populations,
and the protection and guarantee Of the recognized prnc
pies and authentic rights of their nationality.
The Emperor Napoleon / though, himself obliged to
conquer nationaes in order TO free them. If his
Successor hod 10 defend them icouId be 10 free them ,ctout
c0rquering them Thus might repeat TO Italy what NJ
Theirs said the goth January, 184S from the tribune
and with as much reason as justice-when City years
ago, we wished to possess Italy, 1t was wrong but
cKcsabe wrong because to POSSESS was to it, and
the vast empire which stretched from Rome tn Hamburg
hut the great repra for the celebrated Convention
OF Piniz Those times past Italy must know that
France wishes her TO be Independent free and happy
v.
rs THERE AN ITALIAN QUESTION?
There in France and in Europe Of good faith
who ask themselves there Is really Italian question
is true that this question has not been created these
recent times either by civil BY foreign war Must