The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-08-07

n1s zxlut o "A she Peace Of vii'~fraEcn ard s.ie
Italian Con fedora tion.
IL another poge VIC publish an address from
Mszzini to the people of Italy on tee peace of
Vi!iafrauca and the Italian Confederation. IL is
Characteristic of that poeticai and impracticabie
genius which has mingled in italian sifairs for
so many years without any beneficial results
We DO Eot deny that this paragon Of oouspita-
tors has done some good in Italy by keeping
alive the embers of liberty in the darkest hour o.
her oppression. But there his mission ended.
His talents are for destruction and pulling
down not for construction aud building up.
The one is comparatively easy the other is the
most difficult task which can engage the powers
of the human mind. Mazzini is eloquent in stir.
ring the passions of the multitude against exist
ing governments. But when he attempts to
substitute any thing in place of these govern
ments, there he miserably fails; and instead Of
something practicable something that is posi-
BILE to be done-he holds out before the dazzled
gaze beautiful vision, which never had and
| never can have any real existence in the world
| For several years his followers have abandoned
him as Utopian in his IDEAS and the practical re-
volutionists and reformers in Italy who embarked
in the late struggle under Louis Napoleon and
Victor Emanuel have long regarded Mazzini as
standing in the way of Italian freedom and indie.
pendence. His influence, however, has been re-
duced to small dimensions Of late, and his power
| to do mischief is by no means commensurate
| with his inclination.
His inHammatory appeal embraces, among
other Objects the fomenting of jealousy between
| the King Of Sardinia and the Emperor Of the
French, the kindling Of the hatred Of his sub.
| iects against Victor Emanuel and the subverting
| of bis throne, the undoiDg of all that has been
DONE the overthrow of the peace Of Villatranca
and the proposed Italian Confederation, the re-
commencement of 1S4s by general Insured.
| ton ION broader basis" and o universal war
| in Europe, including France, Sardinia, Austria,
| mind, these propositions must appear to be ema-
| nations from fanatic or fiend rather than the
deliberate judgment of patriot or statesman.
The late struggle in Italy was not commenced
under the auspices or direction of Nazzini; be
was not even consulted in the enterprise, and
now it is his congenial part to condemn the
peace and disparage the results. No matter
| what might be the event, he was equally pre-
pared to censure. Had the Pope and the King
| of Naples been dethroned, and had Austria been
| driven out of Venetia as well as from Lombardy,
| and had all Italy been constructed into one re-
public, Mazzini would not be satisfied unless on
one condition and that is, that himself should be
made first President, President for life dictator,
autocrat His sanguinary manifesto breathes
the spirit of a Cataline or Rooespierre, and his
aim is evidently to revive the ''reign Of terror"
and swim in seas of human blood. Were he not de-
mented he might know that religious, Catholic
population, like the Italians, could never be led
BY an avowed infdel like him. To expose the
"'.N .-'e deunoniac mao"an -
is only necessary to slmpiy ctaso his ideas
He says the King Of Sardinia ought
to have rejected the peace and Louis Napoleon
together and called for 100000 Italians, instead
of the 100000 French troops, to continue the
war. Easier said than DONE Austria would
have Sardinia devoured before the 100000 re.
cruits were forthcoming, and it would just be
The performance over again of the same tragedy
that was acted in 1S4S and 1949. But if Victor
Emanuel could not conjure up an army of
! 100000 men like spirits from the Vastly deep, be
| Ought to die on the field of battle" Very
valiant, truly. We do not find Mazzini dying
after this fashion himself Why did he not die
when be was triumvir of Rome, at the time of
| its reconquest by the French, ten years ago!
Instead Of that, he has managed to take good care
Of himself ever since, like some other patriot
| ''literati, who talk much and do little"
'But the country, what is its duty now ?"
His answer to this question gives true idea
of the man: "Resist, with or without chance of
victory, even though defeat were certain" Nay,
to resist, though Austria and France should
fight on the same side; and it was even the duty
of the King of Sardinia, he says, to compel
Louis Napoleon to unmask himself aud fight by
the side of Austria!" In that case, we ask, what
would become Of Sardinia and the rest of unfor-
tunate Italy, "Oh," replies mad Mazzini,
"better die than be contaminated ~
His chief hostility is levelled against the
Pope. lie is a true blue no-popery man, of the
Exeter Hall and Irish Orange school. He would
not accept liberty OF independence for Italy if
the Pope is any longer to have local habita.
ton and name in Rome. He says, neither from
a King nor from Pope can Italy hope for saliva
ton" He wants to be both King and Pope himself
He denounces the idea Of the Confederation and
the Presidency of the Pope What would he
have? Italy to spring at bound from extreme
political slavery to the highest forms Of human
hberty-to be ushered suddenly as a complete
and perfect republic upon the stage of Europe,
like Minerva, full grown and in complete armor,
from the laboring brain of Jove? Such an idea
| is as fabulous as the heather mythology Or az