The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-02-23

own band particularly certain passages where the main
of the alliance with Great Britain is
upon The concluding paragraphs, which have been
touched several mes are supposed TO be exclusively
from the Emperor's hand.
After bavng endeavored TO demonstrate that England
is morally engaged and Germany politically interested
''natona solution of the question Of Italy the writer
examines how this question should De characterized with
respect 10 France OF the position OF Rome he Observes
In political point Of view, the absolutely clerical cha
Of the government of the Roman States Is coe
sens active Of discomfort and, consequently
eiemant of weakness for the Pope himself and pcrma
nept danger OF revolution
The second difficulty for the Pope is that which results
from the national question In this point Of view his stua
ton more defined less dangerous The irritation
in the Roman States still less owing to the absence of
legal and 10 the clerical administration than TO
the anita sonism necessarily established between the mis-
Of the head of the church and that OF the Pope as an
Italian Prince. The cause OF the revolution Of 1913 was
above all the explosion Of the national idea II is from
the Vatican the encouragement well as the obsta
lie te the nationality Of Italy had TO come.
The Pope supported, as sovereign the cause OF inde
pendence as head of the church he the war;
and refused TO break of with Austria Placed between
double duty he was reduced to sacrifice the one to the
ether He necessarily sacrificed he political 10 the spr
tua This the condemnation not OF Plus tx. but OF the
system Of the man. but OF the situation, since the
situation imposes the man the terrible alternative OF
mmoatng the Prince to the Pont or the Pontf To the
riDce
Finally third difficulty and this not the least serious
created for the Pope by the absolute mpossibty he is
n Of forming, IN actual circumstances, Italian army
All the attempts made with this object have failed
Thus in word in what concerns Rome, there are three
considerable difficulties which correspond to these urgent
/ To reconcile the reqime of the church with legal DO
Iticel and regular regime in the Roman States.
2 To render the Pope independent OF questions OF ma
tonaly of war; of ornaments, Of Internal and external
g. To constitute native army, and to substitute for
occupation the protection of an eticacous and serious
This is threefod necessity which, under pain Of GER
tain and perhaps approaching disturbance must be salts
fed in he nterest of Italy, of religion and Of all the
The writer then asks. Can the status quo, difficult to
maintain at Rome and Turin continue at Milan, Naples,
Florence, Parma and Luccat' Examining each capital in
turn he sums up his review in the following words
Such Is the actual state OF the Peninsula; at Rome,
tsgonism between the ecclesiastical government and the
interests of civil society isolation of the sovereign in the
very midst Of the respect which surrounds the Ponti,
French occupation indenite at Turin, excitement Of the
Rome that may end in schsm Milan, universal protest
the part Of nationality, beaten down but still living,
against the sovereignty of Austria at Naples, at Parma
at Florence, at Modena in every place where Austria
governs by her treaties by her counses, which
ders and by her garrisOns-revo OF the Italian feeling,
capable of degenerating into revolution; word, an
Italy where the greatest recoectons OF history eced
blasted by the greatest msfortuues where the most
essential interests OF society religion order independence
OF people, authority Of princess are endangered or lost.
and where raised as q reproach and permanent
danger for Europe and its civilization suerngs to which
humanity and policy cannot remain Indifferent such us
Alps In producing 1t here, in its melancholy truth we
accuse one; we wish only thot opinion shall decide,
with complete knowledge OF affairs, not If such situa
ton is Just, but il it is possible
The concluding, and perhaps most important chapter is
The treaties which bind governments are the inter.
national laws Of peoples and would be only nvariable If
the world mmovable. If the treaties which to
protect the eecurty OF Europe place 1t in danger is be
they longer TO the necessities, to the
wants, which dictated them Political prudence counsels
TO substitute something else for them power which
would enrench itself behind treaties in order
notifications demanded by general feeling would have,
no doubt Tor her an acquired right but she would have
them be demonstrated that the situation OF the Italian
States not only cause Of suffering for the country,
but cause of uneasiness and perhaps Of reyo-
luton, Europe, the letters Of treaties would be
voRed in vain--it could not hold against the
sty of politics and the interest Of European order
force? May Providence keep such an extremity from
us We must appeal to public opinion. When the true
and that rody shall be convinced that there is the
midst of the most enlightened States the gobeon that
apce disorder and profound perturbation, which might
readily become focus Of light and Of noble activity then
public opinion may judge and perhaps impose tsef the
pacific justice Of right We have composed this work in
order that public opinion may have the means Of pro-
nouncing its judgment We have hostility Austria
The question Of Italy Is the only difficulty which
between her and France.
We respect its situation in Germany which has nothing
to fear from the Rhine The solution Of the Italian
question would have Tor result to ece between France
and Austria all subject Of dissension These Powers
approach each other by many interests and
the union OF all the great governments Of Europe Ia
too much to prevent future complications 1t is order
10 combine their views and efforts in general interest,
that we would remove all present difficulties and resolve
one OF the most urgent and most considerable questions
The moment.
To govern TO foresee The best manner Of securing
peace is to oustrp complications capable Of producing
war. There dangers in Italy-we indicate them on
bis side there are guarantees to give to fundamental in
terests-we demand them. There are causes which
not succnmb in the world this Of the number because
II Is neither selfish nor exclusive. II is the Of the
nationality Of living people, Of the equilibrium of Eu
which France has always defended. God would doubt
less reserve noble portion Of human glory those who
would support this struggle Glory does not tempt
contemporaDeous events, to have no need OF it. We,
therefore, ardentiy desire that diplomacy shall do
Of struggle what 1t should do the morrow of
victory Let Europe theoretically unite for this
justice and Of peace 1t ought TO be with us, because
shall be always with her to defend her honor her equ
brium and her security.
France.
MILITARY PREPARATIONS FOR Wharf.-The NEW CAN
NON-PRINCE NAPOLEON AND HIS BRIDE AT THE
TUILER1Es-THE DUKE DE MALAKOFF TO RETURN
HOME--A PAMPHLET ON ITALY-DECLINE ON THE
BOURSE
Our advices from Paris are dated on the 4th inst.
The rumors in regard to the probabilities Of war
contradictory and ali was in state Of uncertainty. The
military preparations were going much usual The
casting Of at vncennes conducted with the
greatest secrecy, as If there desire 10 open
pagn with the new improvements before the should
traIspre to the world II is stated that only half the
usual number Of horses will be required for the
pieces of artillery, which represented to be EXTRA
ordinary for their compactness and ghtness as they
formidable in their effects.
1t reported in Paris that the effective force of the
French army in Algeria was to be reduced
The London Has Paris correspondent learns that the
artillery OF the army Of Lyons had been placed a
footing all the officers and furOugh being ordered
TO Join their regiments without delay
Prince Napoleon and his bride arrived at the Tueres
on the Sd inst and received by the Emperor and
Empress. The Prince was to receive the title OF High
Admiral!
The Paris correspondent of the London Morning Adper.
tisr says the return OF the Duke of Maako to France
would certainly take place soon. The London Ncus'
Init hn nuk do
tebelo and not Count Persigny, will probably succeed
him at London.
An mportont pamphlet, beaNng the title Of Napoleon
III. and Italy" had made its appearance In Paris and
attracted great attention. Some parts of IL ascrbed
10 the pen OF the Emperor himself The pamphlet seeks
To establish that treaties would be only nvarable the
world mmovable.
Turkey.
EXECUTION OF TWO OF THE MURDERERS OF CHRIS
TIANs AT JBDpAH-A PRoRUssIAN CONSPIRACY
F{GUTIsa IN NQNTRNWQRO.