The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-01-24
[FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.

and of the Road.
| (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENTS
WASHINGTON, Jan. %, 1859.
| The amendment, of which Mr.. BENJAMIN has
given notice, a substitute for Mr.. MAsoN's bill to
place the Army and Navy at the disposal of the
President to resent injuries upon American citi-
zens in foreign countries, is much more radical
proposition. Mr.. MAsoN's bill looks to resentment
after the act but Mr.. BENJAMIN's provides for the
prevention of outrage by the exercise of force when
ever the PRESIDENT has reason to anticipate it. 1t
also authorizes this protection to property as well
to individuals. 1t is, to say the least very doubt
full whether either of the measures will be enacted
into law.
There is good deal of talk in political circles in
relation to the personal scene occurring in Executive
session of the Senate on Friday afternoon last in
which Messrs. DOUGLAS and FITCH were the princi-
pal actors. AS the proceedings were "secret," the
minute shades of the difficulty not easily OBJ =
tainable The general facts rumored in the
street, however, as follows The nomination
of an Ohio Postmaster came up, and was opposed
enemy, and unfit for the post, and intmated quite
distinctly, that if the President wished to
make an issue with him, (Mr. PUeH,) he
was quite ready to meet it. This
III
stated that his friends had been removed from office
in Illinois because of their political opinions and
their places supplied, in instances at least bv
men who had been in the pententiary, or who
ought to have been. The consequence of this was
| gross abuses of the Postal Department. He had
himself sent so 900 copies of documents to his con-
stituents by mail, all of which had been suppressed
| Not copy had reached its destination and he
would give an hundred dollars for each and every
copy that could be shown to have been permitted to
&c into the hands of those for whom was intended
Mr.. FITCH responded with much bitterness declar,
ing that the character given the Illinois apponees
by Mr.. DOUGLAS was not their true character, that
the senator's statement of it false and he knew
1t to be so. Language of this kind of course pro-
voked recrlmlnation, and finally Mr.. FITCH started
| towards Mr. DOUGLAS as if to make personal as
sault upon him. The interference of their colleagues
prevented so dlsgraceful occurrence. The de-
! BATE however, went on for some time and in the
course oft Mr. DAVIS of Mississippi it is said; also
| addressed to Mr.. DoUGLAs some exceedingly severe
and highly personal remarks. We have had the
usual amount of fighting rumors in regard to this
affair, but do not believe that any further diff
Guilty will grow out of it. Mr. DOUGLAS Demo-
cratic friends seem to think that the occur ence in
Executive Session indicates fixed determination
on the part of the Administration to compel him to
take back seat in the wigwam, if he comes at all
into the democratic councils.
The difficulty which above all others has embar-
raised the Liberals of Mexico and the only serious
obstacle between them and the possession of the
capital, is the want of arms and ammunition. Men
enough have offered themselves to extinguish the
forces of the opposition half a dozen times over
But the latter have the regular army, and with it,
of course, the material of war. l understand that
arrangements have been making in this country for
some time past, to supply this deficiency in the Lib
eral movement and within few weeks they will be
able to besege the city of Mexico with an over
whelming and well appointed army.
The latest private letters received here from Ii
beral leaders are full of enthusiasm and confidence
in early success The leaders continue perfectly
united, and entirely unanimous in the determine
ton to listen to no compromises to insist to the last
letter the re-estabshment of the Constitution of
1851 and persist in the purpose of sequestrang the
two or three hundred millions of church property
The latter measures deemed fgreat Importance not
only because it will deprive the church of the power
to excite political revolutions in the future but also
because it will give the Liberals abundant means
with which to set up stable government, and will
greatly lessen the general burden of taxation by
compelling this large amount of property to con-
tribute its share thereof One of the private letters
already referred to declares that MIRAMM will fail
as RoBLEs has already, and that he is good General
but poor material for President. 1t prophecies
further that ECHEAGARAY will speedily be compelled
to go over to the Liberals to save himself.
The presses and correspondents who still insist
that Mr.. BUCHANAN is entertaining scheme for the
purchase of Sonora and Chihuahua are mistaken,
as early events will certainly prove Whatever the
plans of ROBES or MIRAMoN, the Administration
neither hopes or expects anything from either
nor does 1t seek any such purchase Lower Cali
MA Is not esteemed DIV Mexico to be OF value
to the Republic, while it may be worth something
10 the UNITED STATES, because its possession gives
command OF the Gulf of California. 1t is not i'm
probable that the transfer of that Peninsula to the
UNITED STATES may be made the basis of the treaty
winch must be negotiated soon; but so far as
sonora and chihuahua concerned, all Mr. b.
cHANAN asks is the right of way across them, pro-
lection to American capital and colonists, and
commercial privileges in the Gulf ports,-and all
these we shall probably have little or no diff
Guilty in obtaining.
The Pacific Railroad bill is apparently in a state
of collapse, and some of its friends are looking
about them to see if some new project can be
brought forward with any hope of success
Among the plans suggested is one for the
authorization of railroad from the Missouri river
via the north bank of the Platte to Great Salt
Lake CCol. ). W. LANDERs' route,) which it is
stated, practical railroad and eminent capital
lists are ready to construct for the right of way
grants of land for stations, the privilege of import
ing their iron free of duty, and pecunary aid from
the Government to the extent of SIS 900 per mile
1t is believed that such road could be constructed
within two or three years, and that it would pay
fair dividends.
The contracts for the mere provision and supply
transportation for the Utah Army now amount to
S3, 100000 per annum. As much more is paid for
other army transportation which would fall to this
road if constructed. The yearly supplies demand
ed by the population of Utah, and teamed over
the plains at cost of from eighteen to twenty-five
cents per pound, afford in themselves a large traffic
The route which Mr.. LANDER suggests is on the
great overland forked route of emigration to Ore
gon, California and Utah. The western part of it.
after leaving Platte River, is described in none Of
the Pacific Railroad Reports. 1t was discovered by
Mr. L., is abundantly supplied with timber, water
and coal, and traverses five times much good land
as IS found on any route south of it. Its character
such that the road over it can be worked very
cheaply. Its natural grades are so light that a
welghty equipment is quite unnecessary 1t would
form ready connections with all our Atlantic rail-
ways, and once constructed and worked, it would
soon prove the fallacy of the objections urged
against it from fear of heavy snow. 1t could not
fail to attract at once large and valuable business
| and be of great advantage to overland emiprants
| to California, by carrying them in two or three
days over more than half of their journey. This
light preliminary railway, too could carry the
supplies to build the grand trunk railway, of which
we hear so much, but which Mr.. L. pronounces i'm
practicable to construct with wagon trains.
''The Poor of New York" was PLAYED at our
Theatre last evening Has this charming drama
ever been presented to Baltimore audience? II
not you have a treat in store. Manager STEWART
has put it upon the stage here in most creditable
manner, with MIR. and Mrs. CHANFRAU, Miss MAN
NERs and Messrs. DAWSON and GRosvENoR in the
principal parts. The plot of the play is exceedingly
interesting and touching, and the moral exquisite.
1t was received last night with every emonstra-
tlon OF delight by an appreciative audience. To
| morrow an engagement with JULIA DAVENPORT
commences. She is to be well supported by full
stock company, and our theatre loving popuace
will doubtless reward the enterprise of the liberal
manager.