Weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1858-1865, 1859-11-09
The Standard.
SEWARDS SPEECH Ar ROCHESTER.
THE ISSUE OF rHs CANVASS.

therefore at least for time. pass by all sesnndar'
and collateral questions, whether ii = personal orr
4 general nature, and ronsi'ks the main subject
the present canvass The dEssc iatr partyor. t.
speak n,ure accurately, tfo party WHICH wears that
attractiv. namtAfs SSssssS If. tRr federal gov
crnrhene The Tfapts' propose tn dsiodge that
party sta s!Sf7sS from is high trHsf IhS ram
,serTe, 4 riain the confidence Of the Aesah PEG
;Jles In attempting 10 prove.it EaSssffhS> think
.shat am not acteatei. ,ly iRf4 *gsl'st that
party, by prspessesSionsh FSSs Of Its adverse
ry for have issrnsS. T. some experience that vir
tueIand natr;atHm, S;ce and sel6shness, are found
,knalhpN,iss ssa that they differ less in their mo-
.tves kbar l. the policies they pursue. Our country
js;a T.ca,rc which exhibits in full operation, two
-a eally different political systems-the one resting
on the basis of scrvle or slave labor; the other on
the basis of voluntary labor of frccmrn. The H.
borcrs whe are esslavcd arc all negroes, or persons
more or hess purely of African derivation. But this
lis f6hrS accidental The principle Of the system is
Fhas labor in every society, by whonlsoever per.
formed is necessarily uuucllcctual grovclling and
base and that the laborer equally for his own good
and for the welfare Of the State ought to be ensaS-
cd The white lahoring man, whether native or
foreigner is not enslaved only because he cannot as
vet, be reduced to bondage. You need not he told
now that the slave system is the older of the two,
and that once it was universal. The emancipation
of our own Observation-Disclosures and Europeans
rs they wcre-hardly dates beyond period Of five
hundred wears The great moderation Of human
society which modern times EXHIBIT is mainly due
to the substitution of the system OF voluntary labor
for the old one Of servilc labor which has already
taken place. The African slave system is one
which, in its origin and its growth, has been alto
gcthcr foreign from the habits of the races which
coonizcd these States and established civilization
intro u,.nI on hiS nov finpnt 1S
All engine of conquest and for the establishment of
monarchical power by the Portuguese and Spanards,
and was rapidly extended by them over all South
America, Central America, Louisiana and Mexico.
It's legitimate fruits seen in the poverty imbccil
ity and anarchy which now pcrva1c all Portuguese
and Spanish America. The free labor system is of
German extraction, and it was established in our
country by emigrantS from Sweden, Holland Ger
many, Great britain and Ireland. We justly as
cribe to its influence the strength, wealth. greatness
intelligence and freedom which the whole American
people now enjoy. One of the chief elements of the
value of human life is freedom in the pursuit of
happiness.
>. INDIGNANTLY OF SLAVERY To WHITE MEN,
The slave system is not only intolerant unjust
and inhunan towards the laborer whom, only be-
cause he is laborcr, it loads down with chains and
converts into merchandise hut scarcely less so to
the freeman, to whom, only because he is n lahOrer
IRON necessity, IL
and whom it cxpcls from the community because it
cannot enslavc and convert him into merchandise
also. 1t is necessarily improvidcn and ruinous, be-
cause as general truth communities prosper and
flourish, or droop and decline. in Just the degree
that they practice neglect to practice the primary
duties OF justice and humanity. The free labor
system conforms to the divine law of equality.
which is written in the hearts and conscienccs of
men, and therefore is always and everywhere bcne-
fccnt
THE SLAVE SYSTEM ONE OF DANGER AND SUSPICION
The slave system is one Of constant danger, dis
trust suspicion and wachhnlncss. 1t dcbases those
whose toll alone produce wealth and resources
for defence to the lowest degree of which human
nature is capable to guard against mutiny and in.
snrrection, and thus wastes energies which other
wise might be employed in national development
and ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. The free labor system cd,-
Gates all alike, and by opening all the fields of in
dnsrial employment and all the departments of a,l-
thority to the unchecked and equal rivalry of all
classes Of men, at once secures universal content
ment and brings into the highest possible activity
all the physical, moral and social energies of the
whole State In States where the slave system pre-
walls the masters, directly indirectly secure all
political power, and constitute ruling aristocracy.
In the States where the free labor system prevails
universal suffrage necessarily obtains and the State
inevitably becomes, sooner or later. republic or
democracy. Russia yet maintains slavery, and is a
despotism. Most of the other European States have
abolished slavery and adopted the system of free
labor. 1t was the antagonistc political tendencies
Of the two systems which the first Napoleon was
contemplating when he predicted that Europe would
ultimately lie either all Cossack or all republican.
Never did human sagacity utter more pregnant
truth.
FREEDOM AND SLAVERY CANNOT EXIST UNDER ONE GOV.
EMINENT
The two systems arc at once perceived 10 be ncon.
gruons. But they arc more than homogeneous
are Incompatible They never have permanently
existed together in one country, and they never cam
1t would be easy to demonstrate this mpossblitv,
from the irrcconcable contrast between their great
principles and characteristics. But the experience Of
mankind has conclusivcy established it. Slavery,
as have already intinated existed il every State
in Europe Free labor has supplantcd it every where
except in Russia and Turkey. State necessities
developed in modern times, are now obliging ever
those two nations to encourage and employ free
labor; and already, despotc as they arc, VIC fine
them engaged in abolishing slavery. In the United
States slavery came into collision with free labor al
the close Of the last century, and fell before it If
New England. New York, New Jersey and Penn
sylvania, but trumphcd over it efectually, and OK
cluded it for a period yet undetermined, from vir
gnia, the Caro!inas and Georgia. Indeed so in
Compatible are the two systems that every new
"hei 10 WIlfiiU our cVer-eXCenQlnS
domain makes its first political act choice Of tn,
one and an exclusion of the other even at the cos
81 civil war; if necessary. The slave States, with
out law at the last national election forbade with
IN their own limits, the casting of votes for
candidate for President of the United States suppos
ed to be favorable to the establishment of the fire.
labor system in new States. Hitherto the tw,
systems have existed in different States but sid
by side, within the American Union This has han
pencd because the Union is confederation of States
But, in another aspect the United States consttut
only one nation Increase of population, which i
filling the States out to their very borders, togehc
with new and extended net work of railroad an
other avenues and an internal commerce whic
daily becomes more intimate, is rapidly bringin
the States into higher and more perfect socia
unity or consolidation
he DECLARES FOR COLLISION AND AN IRREpRrss,R,,
CONFLICT BETWEEN THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH
BLOODY ISSUE.
Thus these antagonistic systems are continual
coming into closer contact and collision results
Shall tell you what this collision meansp Tho