The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-07-04
THE TWO ARMIES IN THE FIELD.

From the London Times, June Oil
Seldom has more remarkable contrast been presented
to the public eye than that contained In the letters from
the two rival camps which We published yesterday The
Auerans and the French traversng the coun-
In the very footsteps Of the former while neither side
absolutely monopolizes the ordinary advantages Of Q
march. the French enjoy the sympahies Of the popu
ation, yet the Austrans the first the road and
they enabled to throw difficulties the way those
behind them They destroy bridges, barricade towns
face about occasionally and make stand against the
enemy In some favorable position. Every day. too they
are drawing nearer their orresseB and their resources
while the French are continually advancing from their
base Of operations and closing in upon the formidable
lines OF obstinate foe. For all this, however, the
trast between the two armies and their proceeding
ceived.
LOOK at the letter from the headquarters Of the Allies
beauty Of the county the uxursnce Of its produce the
geniay of its climate the sensations of pleasure with
which every soldier penetrated AZ no pursues bis march,
The road lies through shady lanes envened by the Gong
OF the nightingale and adorned with the most charming
flowers. After few hours Of easy and delightful
cise troops the camping place the night
where they dnd excellent provisions ali Kinds OF rural
danties and moat agreeable bivouac. The next morn
ing refreshed and joyous, they resume their ADVANCE
CONCLUSION. There lie nothing Of war about the pro-
ceediDg except its stimulus and excitement 1t is
rather than merry ca mss The
reminds Of Robin Hoods men in Sherwood Forest, dis
porting themselves through pleasant glades, dining off
good red deer and sleeping at night smooth turf under
the greenwood tree.
Turn now to the headquarters Of the Austrans. Our
correspondent there writes from the.same
try, under the same date, and after march
the very came roads and what does
he says He can scarcely describe the suGerngs the
Impotence or the disgust prevailing around him. The
peat weektha very period go agreeable to the French
has been dreadful one. The writer himself though
strong and hale and with the antage of horse 10
carry him. found the and duet alm0st ilsuppora-
BILE" The wounded soldiers must have wrhed in tor
bore them slowly along for nearly twelve hours day
The roads were nearly impossible. mounted officer
could hardly get along at the rate Of mile an hour.
Instead OF universal jubation there is universal
Lancers away the flags from their lances remen
pluck from their caps the flowers which they always
ry tme and officers either give vent 10 their fury
in execratons, dscreety condne themselves to
angry gestures and frowning brows What all this
difference? What ID that invests all nature with smiles
in the eyes Of army while everything appears gloomy
and hateful TO the eyes Of the other One condition only
works all this marvel The French victorious, Tive Aus
,ndesgney depicted IN he correspondence before may
copey Instructive idea Of The er.e,t 10 achica moral i'm
rresions effect the eGcisncy Of soldier.
extensive, shall probably obtain more accurate in
sight into the causes by which the relative in
feTiority Of the Austrians has been deter
mined. About the facts themselves there can
be longer any doubt. we published Monday the
official statistics Of the Austrian losses at Magenta
puted and acknowledged In General Gyulas returns
and we hardly give the public impressive
cepton Of the care than by saying that force large
that encsmped at Chobham was placed hos Dc combat in
that battle only. That day demolished on the
Austrian side alone many soldiers as spread over
the whole Of Chobham heath when the camp was fullest
have coat many more Il does not seem that the Ausrans
have been pressed by their pursuers indeed the march
Of the French represented az esurely in the extreme
nor there been much fighting since the combat Of
Maegnano and It's sequel on the morning fo0wng but
the position Of the Austrian army makes H work weary
one The labor is doubled By rsccllectons Of the past
and men have fought well and bravely. but they have
certainly not been well led and their strength and courage
| have been uselessly expended.
Our correspondent touches incidentally q point
which may bear perhaps in no small degree upon future
codes Of military science. He inmates that II any State
or any commander could mature system by which every
soldier In an army could be always maintained in con-
dton Of efficiency, such system would insure sdvan-
was no doubt by the present spectacle Of the
Austrian host and by comparison Of the power obtained
with the magnitude Of the machine for supplying H. In
70 Furnish few thousand available soldiers The
margin left for casualties Of all kinds is some.
thing reslly terrible. 1t is not merely the sword Of
the enemy by which the force reduced the really
fatal agents are exhaustion and disease. What can
become Of soldiers who IKE the Austrsns before the bat
lie OF Magenta, or nity hours did get even 30
as piece Of bread" 1t only residue or fraction Of
force, under such circumstances, which can be relied
likely to be created by the very measures which are taken
70 counerbalance them. When II s known or assumed
that 90 per cent must be deducted for nvadng from the
men In the place Of and these very crowds render
supplies more difficult and sanitary precautions less
suoh haste By Gena Clam 70 The ' noiS Of Nm
genta, would, IL they had been fresh and vgor.
| Gus, instead Of famshed and fanting, have been
| worth the whole OF his exhausted corps Nor is
It only on campaign that the system is per.
ncious, for the necessity Of maintaining 1000 sol.
the weight Of standing and the rgor Of the standing
conscrption not quite fair perhaps 10 point TO the
efficiency Of the French for victory and confidence a. we
have already remarked, form true military elixir but
cannot be doubted that the excellence their orgsnza
tion gave them great antecedent advantage. They
better and better than their and
good management becomes daily more evident Il hat
battle Napoleon used 70 say that the strongest army
was not that which WAS most powerful In NUMBERS but
that which at critical period most powerful oil
tcai point We may give the maxim turn, and say
that the best army not necessarily the largest army
but the army which can produce at any moment the
maximum OF efficient combAants To insure this result
We must 10 the doctrines Of sanitary sceucc and