The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-10-15

Intended Explorations I'm the Caucasus-
Railroads and Commemorative Capture
OF SChamyl.

Intended Explorations I'm the Caucasus-
Railroads and Commemorative Capture
Of Schamyl.
ST. Petersburg the OF great festivities the
9Th of September, which day the Grand Duke, now
Cezarewitch Nicholas Aexandrowitsch, attained his
ory and took the oaths OF allegiance TO the Emperor and
10 the country All the State apartments Of the Winter
Palace thrown open and all the high officials, deni
tares, civil and military the clergy &c. we're invited to
witness the ceremony.
shortly after three O'Clock the chapel was thrown
open, the corps dipomatiques entering arst
Tho Emperor led the Grand Duke up to the altar,
where firm voice he took the usual oaths, kissing
the cross held by the Metropolitan Bishop. He was then
warmly embraced by the Emperor and Empress. Sal
woes OF artillery and peals from the church sceples an
nounced the event to the population.
In the evening St. Petersburg was brilliantly lumi-
mated.
letter from 81. Petersburg in the Messenger du MIDI
says
Caucasus the Russian government will redouble its
efforts to explore the country; TO construct railway
which shan unie the sasphn sea 10 tue sea OF Ara 70
form commercial establishments In the principal towns
of ancient Transoxiana which the Persans and the Arabs
call hc Garden Of the Erth to take possession Of all
the means Of communication In the khanats OF Khiva,
Bokhara and Kokhand and to extend its commercials
aons far Upper India The Russians already carry
merchandise the Voga and Caspian Sea far
Bafa and they afterwards send their goods by land to
the north asst by Sar Bousoum and Bokhara and to the
east by Herat, Candahar Hsny and Cabu. Since the
defntve installation Of the English in the Indian PENN
sua the enterprsng spirit Of the English merchants has
entered into competition with the activity OF the Russian
traders IN consequence OF the lines OF
way asar as the Indus, and the Introduction ofseam nav
CATION that river Russian commerce has been driven
the north The railways allow English merchandise to
penetrate beyond the frontiers of Aghanisan without
adding much to their cost and thus to enter into compe
tion very injurious to Russian commerce. in the markets
Of Bokhara and Khiva is this state Of things which
the Russian government is DESTROYS of putting end to.
II is doubtless difficult thing to struggle with English
interests but it is not impossible Russia has already
commenced the construction Of railway from Moscow
to Saratof, and is actively engaged in improving steam
navigation on the Caspian. The war in the Caucasus
being almost at end, the government will be able
to direct all its activity to Central ASIA and the more so
the inhabitants Of the steppes of the Krghese and the
Turcomans who inhabt the south of the Caspian have
for the last century past called for the protection of Rus
STA against the oppression of the inhabitants of Khva
The capital necessary TO construct the railway to unite
the Caspian the Sea Of Ara aud to improve the navi
cation of the rivers Amoor and SyrCaria will readily be
found In Russia and them by the construction Of for
along the 264 wersts Give eghths Of mile each)
which separates the Caspian from the Ara Russia will
acquire sovereign influence the petty States of Cen
trail ASIA and the commerce Of England with India will
be greatly ntertered with