Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1859-02-03


Of them exist only the atalute-books. bavipg no
"local hahitation At the origin Of the Gosern
ment. the Sou had TWO ports that surpassed New
York as conmerc al marts, but BY regular system
Of fav5rlisn Ne YORK has been made the great
commercial emporium Of this country. Look st the
immense outlays Of public money ia eTectiDg her
bic buildings-the untold millions spert ufon her
narbor and shipping-her immense army OF office~
holders who mnst necessarily live upon the Federal
TeeasUry-the princely and extrsvagsut donations
made in establishing her ocean mail lines-al tend
to make that city the great heart of the Trade and
commerce Of this country, net only with feregn ma
tons, but even among the States, with another.
II Tennessee would purchase a State bond Of
Georgia, the first step is to ascertain It's value in
New York, Why do nesrly ell OF our European i'm
portations dFst land This great centre, thence 10
radiate all over the nation? Have skillful
nayigat0rs and experienced merchants Look to
the statute-book and you will fed the true in
your laws upon commerce and navigation. The
same Is true of all your splendid schemes of in
ternal improvement TIE North has got nearly the
lions shsre.
But sir, ask to be INDUCED just ere, in calling
your attention 10 another marked end striking D~
STAGE Of the inequality Of Federal legislation in
favor Of the North; the more grievous and burden
some account Of its universally, affecting every
ranch Of industrial pursuit for the benefit Of
the manufacturing. ! allnde to TIE Effect Of a pro
tecve tariff upon the people at large, and upon the
South especially, Does any sane man, mater #
what latitude at this late lay deny that every kind
OF tariff is tart Does any body deny that this
tax is collected from he hard earnings of The gr,
mass Of the people under the speeious Of rev
eRne, by which the favored few are prnts eted and
enriched, who need no protection! And viii any
one deny that any sort Of a tariff afordrg Beiden
tai protection, does not operate qually and OPP
Pressiyely upon the Souh and West. the PRODUCT g
sections for the benefit Of the North and East? Ii
he | aflv IN kQoh 70 tban
ieal primmer, and learn anew political economy
OF cour = he higher The tariff, the more burden
some 10 fh- people of Che Souih who pay largely
their thare of the duty. OF all the Aiaehiave-
han schemes TO pamper the ordy arstoeras Of the
Norh and East, the expense of their toiiipg mil
lions who not operatives, and 10 grind TO dust
the interests Of the South and West must say it is
to be found in the operations Of protective tariff
But do not mention this subject with tae view Of
entering into an argument upon IFS details further
than to show its injustice TO the South, aud for the
additional purpose of reminding the country that
the Den, cratic party mas Away opposed lhis aud
oil Kindred measures of class legislation, such as
bankrupt laws, United States Banks. &C., &C., ls
sabSersive Of that principle Of ecu llity, without
which, liberty is imperfect
But | have said that the South pays largely over
its prOportionae share Of the revenues collected by
duties upon imports Where is the proof? In the
first place, The South has only about two thirds the
population of The North; or in other words, the
North has 6ftJ per cent more population than the
South. The North has eighteen millions, while
the South has only twelve millions, including
slaves.
The report of the Secretary ofthe Treasury shows
that the United States, in 1857 exported in round
numLesr; 1929 coo 900. excluding gold aud foreign
merchandise, re exported. 0fthis amount. the sum
Of Sl58000 600 was tbs clear product of the South;
articles that only be raised in the South. We
have So 600 900 worth of exports, the productions
of the forest, provisions, &C. Suppose that one
third Of them of southern prodpcts there is for
the South S185 000, GEO. while the North has only
about $s5 900, 600 Of exports, The total amount
OF imports for the same period is 1888 900 000
which is more than half paid for by southern ex>
ports. When we take into consideration the excess
OF population in the North, and the excess NEARLY
one hundred per cent? of exports from the South,
AMI that the North has grown rich off the South ia
being the factor Of the South-excha It's pre-
duets for foreign imporiations, we must conclude
tnat the fault les IN system of imposts a0d that
it operates most unequally upon the South-making
its people the tax payers, and those of the North
the tax-gatherers
sixty-six cents for dollar for the Norh-Where-
as, as our exports pay for our imports the South
pays ss 1856 to IS, nearly one hundred per cent
Add the excess Of northern population, and have
for the South TO pay in the ratio of 2l8 to 95 for
the North. 1t is safe calculation to say that the
this Government, while more than three fsurihs of
tits expended upon the North. Is there justice or
uniformity in this? The Constitution saws that
"all duties. impos!s and excises, shall be uniform
throughout the United States" As before observ.
ed. the North has managed to become the factor of
the South, and, in exchanging its products for
foreign importatioDs, heavy reductions are made
VI on them by way Of commissions, SC when the
foreign importation 10 turD under the opera ion Of
the tarih, IS made TO pay heavy duty upOc arr>
val at The custom house, when it is bought by the
merchant, and IRON him by the southern planter;
or, to express II differently is returned the plant
er, with still another per Thus il is that
southern labor AMI ospital uuder the operation of
Fe iers legislation, made to contribute largely
over their share the maintenance of the Govern
ment; snd, at the time enrich the commercial
men and manufacturers Of the North, exaeting
tithes where none due, to fill the Golfers of a
bloated aristOcracy. Aud yet crusade is preached
from the hastings and the pulpit, in almost every
TOW and hsmlet in the North, again the slave labor
Of the South not knowing, in the frenzy Of their
fsnaicism, that they shifting the hand that feeds
them.
Notwithstanding the liberal policy of the Demo. |
cratic party towards each State aud section Of this
COnfederaey, applying as it well could, the prnei-
pie Of equal and exact justice to all, il has uevr.
heless m its attempts TO do justice to the southern
States been met at every step with the most relsnt-
less and determined opposition by party in the |
North, whatever other principle it may have enter
aimed, and by whatever name it may have he N re-
'agnized which is deeply imbuei with the sentimen.
'f anIi-slaVery. IL has resisted the co nmercial
progress and the territorial expansion of the South
rom the origin Of the Government
The liberal mind would have supposed that this
bitter eDmity should have been spared the South.
having been the principal actor in the Revolution
having baptised its fields with the best blood of
is sops, and conseerated them to the genius of
American liberty; and having consented to ordain
Constitution and enter Union of eonfederated
ates, each sovereign and independent over its
'Wn internal affairs, consisting OF both free and
lave. But SO bold and recklss has aboltionisn
'eeome, after having warred upon slavery in every
ossible form, having most compet its serpentine
york OF eneircling the South, It boldly rears its
> dfs head, aud with its Kissing tongue tells the
ouih that it intends 10 storm its very citadel Sc
Yard, the great representative man of northern
boiiionism, proclaims upon the floor of the Senate
lat the battle has been fought and won, and that
noef0rth the southern States will hold the relation
conquered provinces TO northern sister States
r neighbors; that the slave states must be aboli.
onlZed, and that our tobacco, cotton, rice, and
lgsr-helds must be titled by free labor What.
nancipats our slayesl OF course turn them loose
nong US. l will not contemplate so horrid an
'Volting picture; and yet such are the designs of
bolitionism.
Twenty years hence, or sooner, there will be the
nu Der of free States required to
mend the Federal Constitution, when the solid bull
arks Of the Supreme Court are to be undermined {
nd reconstructed upon an abolition basis and the
siitutions OF the South will be at the fanatical
ercy of abllitionism. This view, proceeds upon ,
idea that nd more slave States are TO be admitted
abOlitionism eWears il: the heavens NAV fall hut