The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1859-06-16

CAL OPINIONS, OF GENERAL GARIBALDI.
Much surprise seems to have been excited in
Europe by the fact that Garibaldi has officially
entered the Piedmontese service, and il to be
made, according to some, General Of Division
according to others, chiefof the voluntary corps,
his legion taking the name of the ChasseulS of
the ALps. The Austrian Gazette indignantly
says that " this may be called planting the rev
dictionary flag on the steps of the throne
The Congress of the FIVE great Powers
Is to depend, forseoth, on Garbaldi, on the will
of leader of a free CORPS" The French press
exclainls against Piedmont's acceptance Of his
| service, which Turin correspondent of ala
English paper thus explains The nomination
oil Gar.baldi has been forced on Count Cayour,
despite the visible repugnance Of France, by
the Democratic party of Piedmont and Italy"
Gari5aldTs personal history, it seems to usspon
tains the solution of the problem, which has 80
disturbed our contemporaries on the other side
of the water.
Giuseppe Garibaldi was born at Nice, on the
4th of July, 1907. His father and grandfather
had both been sailors, and he inherited from
them that Unborn love of freedom and adventure
which sea-faring life seems best calculated to
crafty. Vsinly his mother destined him for a
priest, and provided him with such education
as priestly teachers give, and he pro6ted by il
as much as might have been expected He
was determined to be sailor, like his ancestors:
and, commencing with voyage to the Black
Sea, he continued his career until the year
1888, when, being left at Constantinope on ac-
count of illness, he fell in with one of the apos-
ties of Young Italy" and, fired with its patri-
otto aims returned to Genoa Just as the Savoy
lnsurrecton of 1884 vas set on foot Suspect
ed OF completely, it with the greatest diff
Guilty that he escaped the vigilance of his pur-
Anda tfnr Il. 1 =
In the mountains, arrived at Nice, and then,
by swimming the Var, (the river that divides
France from ltaly,) proceeded to Marseilles,
where the hrst newspaper that he took up in
formed him that Charles Albert had Just passed
sentence of death upon him. After a few voy-
ages to and from Marseilles, he went to South
America, and, after some participation in the
civil contests of Brazil he becaule citizen of
Montevideo, then at war with Rosas, the tyrant of
Buenos Ayres. He organized an Italian Legion
OF 800 men, and took command of the small
Montevidean fleet, with which he fought sever
al desperate battles agains: greatly superior
forces
In the English House of Lords, July 10.
1919, Lord Howden bore honorable testimony
to Garibaldi's character. The struggle between
Montevideo and the tyrant Rosas lasted IL will
be remembered, from 1880 till 1851 when the
United Provinces, joining their forces with
those of the Uruguay Republic against the
Dictator so universally detested, forced him 10
an ignominious fight. England and France.
for many years, had interviewed in vain Be
sides the Ambassadors from the French Court
England sent i've successive agents to induce
hosas to desist from his iniquitous aggrer>ions.
Lord Howden brought his negotiations nearer
TO "A close than any Of his predecessors had
done, inasmuch as he induced Rosas TO consent
to his proposals. The terms offered, however,
were such as the Goiernment Of Mcnteziass
and that this cause could not be abandoned Dy
honorable men" In Lord Howden's account
Of his mission before the House, these words
occur: "The garrison of the town was almost
entirely composed OF Italians and Frenchmen,
with a few manumitted slaves, and it was com
manded by person to whom | am glad TO be
able to pay this tribute, for be stood there
disinterested individual, seeking nothing for hi,
own personal advantage. | refer to person
of great courage and military skill, who has
Just claim on our sympathies, considering the
uuiustifable intervention Of the French, and
the recent extraordinary and unnatural events
that have taken place in Italy. refer to
General Garibaldi."
Towards the close of lS47, the leaders OF
Young Italy, with whom Garibaldi had always
remained i'll correspondence, told him that the
time was come when the soldiers whom he had
trained to fight for liberty might unsheath their
swords in Italy's behalf. SO, i'll concert with
Jacopo Medici, who went before To prepare for
his reception, in April, lS48, Garibaldi, with "a
number of his followers, babe adieu to Monte
ydeo, and set sail for his fatherland, determined
to effect landing at Leghorn. But when, Ola
touching the little island of st. Palo, they learned
that their countrymen were in arms against the
Austrians, they changed their plans, and land
hos aI III
enthusiasm. With his band much increased by
volunteers from Nice and Genoa, Garibaldi de-
termined to offer his services to the King,
Charles Albert, the same who had condemned
him to death in 1884, and for this purpose
went straight to his headquarters at Rover
bella.
Il saw him. he writes al felt the coldness
of his reception. / would have served Italy
under the Kings orders with the same fervor
as under q Republic. / would have conducted
my young warriors along the same path, for
they had confidence in my bidding. Make Italy
oue-Cee her from the foreign curSc-this was
my goal and / believe it to have been the goal OF
most Of my countrymen at that epoch. Italy
could not be ungrateful to her liberators, who
ever they might lie. / will not here upraise "a
tombstone to pass judgment on the dead, but
leave such judgment to posterity. l will only
say, that, called by position and circumstances
to lead the war of independence, he did not re-
spond to the confidence repoSed in him, and
not only did he ignore the best method Of util-
iziug the immense elements at his disposal, but
he was the principal cause OF their ruin
Nevertheless, Charles Albert accepted Carl
baldi's offers of service-for what purpose? 10
,,eutraIize his efforts? And it is all indisputable
fact that until-Veuice betrayed and Milan
sold-the disgraceful armistice Of Salerno sealed
Al CO.. &C Nnrtharp Italy neither (Hnriballt
nor any of his followers succeeded in firing
single shot for the liberty of Italy.
Hisband of volunteers had Increased to 1000,
all impatient for action and when the news OF
the armistice reached him at Monza, he COLI
sidered all allegiance to the traitor King at an
end a numerous body of Austrian cavalry had
been already sent against them so, placing
himself at the head of his division, he marched
towards Como; Mazzini, who had entered Me
dicIs legion as a simple soldier, bearing alott
| the hammer which bore the device, Cod 0ad he
| P.onle Uniting a number Of Republicans under
his banner Garibaldi made himself master of
two steamers, and for time fought desperately
| AGAINST the Austrians, and at Luino destroyed
a strong column. Medici, at the head OF $50
men. supported, during four hours, the shock OF
5000 Austrians.
At the time of the Pope's flight from Rome,
| Garibaldi, with his volunteers, took up his head
quarters at Rieti, as an attack on Rome by the
King of Naples was feared. When, during the
sitting of the Roman Assembly on the 9th OF
| February, the future form of Government was
under discussion, Garibaldi rising, with his
usual impetaosity, exclaimed, a truce to these
formalities; the delay even of moment is a
crime. Long live the Republic" But the grave
members of the Assembly continued their Gis-
1 To hp hV