New-York daily tribune., 1859-02-09

| he sH,619.36 ard this without the pension bill,
OrePsn oett French soohatiOns snd countless other
probable cIans beside tks thirty millions purchase
Cuba and the lo.s Of reyef from the pubic lsEds
wee tie Home stead bill to become law. Indeed be
would estimate the probable deficiency thus
kvceraDeeIs itemi....................sl22 sig 900 eos
Treasury kofes..-.'..'.'.'..''''.''s.. s.,tsg
Ass 2 1. pe.stt deb;
To..l........................... slg7.sl0.in
Mr.. Biger then proceeded 20 STOW that, 1T 10
per ceptcm ii would require $3.50 600 600 Of imports
TO produce the Secretarys estimate Of SO 900 UO
reverUe from Costons-~b'ch amount exceeds the
dem and Of q wholesome husitess, iassmuch zs the
average arpus col uppt Of foreign goods for % ye
tas been Sc 60 per heso, whereas the Secretary .
| es,imste implies a contnm2t Of Sll S6, or nearly
double. Hence u is only too obvious taat the alter
native Increase OF TIE public debt, or OF the
revenue. Mr.. Bgler was emphaicaly IN favor Of
the latter II the time is too short for full revis at
tbs sessop give back the tariff Of 1856 give or
pr cert the rates Of the present law Il would
require but few hours 70 do tea As regarded the
statement that the President and Secretary OF the
| Treasury were at issue the Tar II question, he
o!d not 70 understand. The President w uh apply
the spec fc p'iuciIe, equitably, upon consum.rs,
While the Secretary, would apply per cen. cent
sge upon each aud every commodity. Either
principle may be applied as to be protective, and
either so TO be only fair revenue measure, the
effect depending the application. To his ogn Mid
the use OF any prif cpe in me ssurug The Gov
charge is rgtt or wrong, it may affect eqasls or
ureduay the value OF the article to the cOrsumer.
tsri or revenue is the Democratic doctrine, but the
oce Of sssespg the dCiy, whether upon the value or
quality Of the articles, has never been made an ar
tcle Of the party faith. Tnet faith must always b.
TO deal Justly with all 10 the Of these principles
In pursuing the illustration. be mei toned that the
man Of iron would be satisfied with mo5er-
ate aptcifc duty-ssy 81 per tun pig metal sl2 on
railroad iron, and $i5 on rolled and hammered. These
Gums 90 not exceed the average that has been paid
the ad valoreln principle for the ,et egnt or ten
years. hence il axe no essential ffereuce to the
cor sun or or to the Treasury but is of great import.
al CO to the domestic manufacturer, for the spech,
duty tends eiecualy 10 the excelsior OF the foreign
inferior article, and is consequently benefit TO the
consumer well as to the home producsr.
The speaker then addressed himself to reute various
allacious estimates that Lad been based the rela.
ton Of the present Tariff 70 iron manufactures.
His arguments too elaborate to convey even an
outline in telegraphc sketch. Their general scope
that the ad val0rem principles 10 certain cases
worked great wrong TO producers as well a, TO con-
sumers, but that the ad vaiOrem could be general
while the specific could LOt. tie agreed WITH the
President that specific duties the best means of
securing the agalns. fraudulent Invoices lie
further Of opinion that much cOnld be done IN the
way Of preventing frauds and OF saving money to the
Treasury urder either kind Of duties, by change in
the macbirery for their collection. In this connection,
our reporter understood Mr.. Bigier TO say that be
approved Of the suggestion Of Mr. ugner of Phiadel
pbla IL at the allowance for damages imports be
abolished; as should also be the allowance for def.
cency in weight and Measure, leaving importers to
protect Themselves by Insurance. As evidence OF the
stUpendous frauds under the present system, the
French stat stics Of expcrtator t. this country during
tre past yesr exceed those O our Importation Thence
nearly 100 900, 600 francs.
Further one of the strongest clsims which the msn.
ufacturers have upon Incidental aid from our revenue
system is found in the incidental damage resulting 70
them from system Of currency, over which they
have control, and wnich t1e Consultation intended
should be CON- but which has degeLerated into eys-
TEN Of per money based upon small percentage Of
ooin The manifest tendency of this fictitious currency
is TO exorbitant nominal values le consequence
berg that the price OF every article eDterng into M
ufactures bears higher value than in Europe, while
capital is dearer by from two TO four per cent thus
psrayzing tie manufacturer The sgncit lrai nter-
tst is effected less o9 bee it has no foreign com
petor 1t is sDgulA that in the face OF these facts
20 many manufacturers maint in the policy Of an in
fated system Of paper currency, and more singnlar
stl that they who constantly laborng to initiate
this vicious sysiem should claim to be- par excellence
Il Q fierds ofths manufacturer. Were he lMr Big
ler TO name single measure that would do more for
the manufacturers than any other he would say DIS
perse with tie Of all bank paper of less denom
inaiion than fifty dollars. There is too much psper
MOI ey-not too little money-and there be icient
power under the Constitution, Congress should
promptly trve ii out o existence IN every State oi tue
Union.
He next proceeded to repel the Implication that
Pennsylvania is selfsh the subject OF the tariff.
The prosperity of the iron business confuces to the
inteests Of the whole country Iron is NATIONAL not
local interest," IT Is Of the great elements OF ma
commercial power. TIE material is found in one-
third Of all the States Of the UDion and there Is no
natural mpedimtnt IN the way OF is p!od1cuon 10 any
extent ard beside the demand for iron Is as yet IN ITS
infancy, although cestired to be worldwide. I6e
manufacturers are not the recipients under the tarf,
Of half the benefits alleged. If Pennsyiyanls and
other States have been Incidentally benefited by the
tariff many States have been benefited by the oona-
tCrs Of public lands If the South aud West complain
Of the revenue laws, the North and East can point
to the postal system, and can show that
the lands donated TO the States are worth
not only more thar the whole amount OF duty PAD on
reroad iron from the day the first bar was imported
till the present time but to the aggregate value OF the
inn duty and all Here tee Senator gave detailed
statistics to show that the lands granted for railroad
purposes from 1850 To 1884, to the States OF limos,
Missouri Alsboms, Mssissppi, Louisl1 ana, Michigan,
AIkansaa, Florida, Iowa, Wisconsin anf Minnesota,
25 500 COO acres, worth slOO O'OOUOO; While tue
total of the imported railroad iron daring tbs same
period was orly $tS 1880 which the duty was
SlS 753 000 The total value of iron and IRON manu-
fectules Of ali kinds from e5l to loS was l65 OOO,-
CO. on which was duty of 1880 coo. An immense
balance Of advantage thus remains to those St7tes.
II Rad been said II at Peunsylvana had received more
than her proportion Of lands bounty warrants; but
that is not co. She s entitled 10 one'enth by popus-
tor and has received more; and were 1t true, l;
~ss not to improve her ply steal condition, but to re-
ward her veteran soldiers ManJ Of those States nave
also large proportion If their postal expenses PAID
out of the common treasury. Tne recelp's and ex-
penses Of the Pos,-Oce from 1871 to 1898 were Tor
Pennsylvania: receipts, s2,@o,OOi expenditure,
So i9iO0O-sbowing an excess or revenue of
siSl 5i7 while the Southern spd Westera
States show deficits ysrying from sioOCoo
TO Al 900 OCO. Pepns,ivsria should have dfa Tn
prcpoitioIately Iearly sli.OCOOCo, or treble the
amount ste has done. Yet again, companos tns
pctt. receipts ard expenditures of the Northera and
Eastern s. ates with the Southern and Western, the
former shcw an of reveuGe over expenditure OF
over million Of dollars, wole the latter exhibit de-