The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-09-21
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UIsappOlnJ Lnese eynpp-
tations. But if they should be realized, is Europe
content to look on at four millions of men convulsed
with anarchy for the convenience of Austria ?
Would France or Austria intervene, or both? The
intervention of either is an impossbiity.
On the whole, therefore, the Tuscan government
is persuaded that Europe will regard restoration
as impracticable But the unanimous declaration
that the Austro-Lorraine dynasty was at an end in
tuscany was not sufficient to provide for the deni-
tive organization of the state. The Assembly had
therefore, come to second unanimous vote that
the desire of Tuscany was to make part of pow
erful constitutional kingdom under the sceptre of
Victor Emanuel. The communal representatives
had by earlier vote anticipated this decision of
the Assembly. The municipal deliberations com
PRISE Z25 communes, including Florence, Leghorn
and all the most important towns in Tuscany; out
OF l,350 votes, l,297 were for and only SO against
the fusion with Sardinia Numerous and imnort
ant reasons had dictated this vote to Tuscany and
equally commendedit to the favorable consideration
of Europe
The principal characteristic of the Italian move
ment OF 1859 is the sentiment of nationality There
mas been no question of forms of government, as
IN lS4S, to distract the national feeling and pur-
pose. Every one had accordingly approved of the
suspension of the constitution in Piedmont during
the natlonal war. This feeling of nationality had
inspired the Tuscan deliberations and the votes of
the 10th instant. IT, in pursuance of the neace of
Slllaranca, Austria is to maintain a strong posi-
ton IN Italy (Which the projected Confederation
would strengthen yet more), the necessity of const
world 1t is necessity of defence and a necessity
OF equilibrium. Certainly this impression had
weighed on the deliberations OF the Assembly and
mad prevailed on the public mind. For during the
war there was considerable party in favor of Tus-
cany remaining separate states but since the peace
this party had almost disappeared. And WHY p
Because in Tuscany the national Italian feeling is
predominant. If the Tuscans had manifested the
contrary impulse they would have been tainted bv
Europe with the old inveterate weakness of disun-
Ion and municipal jealousy. To reinforce Pied
mont then, Is now double and supreme necessity
"a duty to themselves and to Italy, Until Pied
mont is made strong enough to make head against
Austria, there must be continual danger of war in
Italy.
Surprising the projected confederation to be car
RED out, Austria, supported by Naples and Rome,
would be able to dispose of the destinies of Itav
and the balance ofpower not in Italy Alone but in
Europe, would be in jeopardy. Would the Euro
pean powers permit such Il probability? After a
crisis OF agitation and uncertainty Tuscany yearns
for peace and quietness. Union with Piedmont
can alone secure to her these blessings. With
this union, the perpetual agitation, more or less
latent which has tormented Italy for so MANY
years, will disappear at once and forever in Tusca
ny, when her fate is placed in the hands of a DOW
ertul and loyal king, who possesses the confidence
and gratitude of all the populations of Italy, Be-
sides 1t would be unjust to deprive Tuscany of the
advantages accruing to large national cOmmuni-
ties, apart from which it is feared that the moral
and material development which was the distin-
gushing mark of modern civilization could not be
secured. Tuscany has done enough for civiliza-
tlon to deserve well of its inheritors By what
right was she to be condemned to the lot of petty
state, to have neither army, nor navy, nor dplo-
macy, nor commerce, nor manufactures of her
own? 1t would be unworthy of Europe to arrest
development which must be profitable to all.
The "MemOrandum'' concludes with expressing
the confidence of the government and the Assem-
bly, in ''the brave and loyal King who has done so
much for Italy, and has protected Tuscany with
his special benevoence and who will not reject the
homage of her gratitude-in the justice and high
wisdom of France, England, Russia and Prussia"
"The magnanmOus Emperor of the French, ;" "wise
and liberal England;" Russia, whose elevated
policy eXcites the admiration of Europe; valorous
Prussia, who represents 50 nobly in Germany the
principle of nationality, will neither misunder-
stand nor trample upon the rights of tranquil
united and disciplined people, who ask for nothing
more than to be allowed to consult their own inter
ess in the manner they deem best for their secur-
ty and honor. If the justice OF man should fail u.s.
we shall defend by all means in our power our
right and the dignity of our country against every
aggression And If fortune should desert us, at
least we shall have the consolation of thinking that
we have done our duty without weakness and with
out empty boasting. Finally the public conscience
and history will judge on which side were right,
civil prudence and moderation, and on which
side injustice, and the abuse of blind and brutal
force.
EXPECTED HOSTILITIES IN BOLOGNA.
The latest reports from Bologna are of warlike
tendency. 1t is stated that 5000 men, under the
command OF General Kalbermatten, have marched
towards Cattolica from Pesaro, and that an attack
is expected every moment. Monitore di Bologna
calls on the people tn be calm and confident as the
government is prepared to meet any eventuality.
1t appears certain that 1000 Swiss, with several
pieces of artillery, have arrived within short dis
tance of CattOlica, and the government have re-
ceived dispatches informing them that these are
but the advanced guard of the Papal troops
These troops are said to be composed, not merely
Of Romans but of Modenese, who are favorable to
the nrptpnSOOs Of tlp DOkn SUiS Nanlac
who have been en- gagged by the Pope, and Austrian
soldiers, who have been disembarked at Ancona
and dressed like the Papal army. Altogether they
amount to 10 900 or II 900 men. The government
have been further informed that the projected
attack will coincide with the period for holding the
elections, to influence them in sense favora-
BILE for the authority of the Pope. On the other
hand, the government of the Legations is adopting
the most energetic measures. The troops Of Mez-
Zacapo are full of warlike ardor. A messenger is
sent off to Garibald every other day. and that gen
eral is gradually advancing from Ferrara so as to
be in position to give effective aid if the necessi-
ty for it should arrive. Telegraphic dispatches
have since announced that Mezzacapo has advanced
towards Cattoca at the head of his troops, and
that the elections have taken place without the
VENETIA.
The following is an extract from private letter
received the 3lst ultimo from Venetian gentle
man: ''The news from Italy (Venetia) becomes
more and more sad, for Austrian rapacity is insati
N
tion, no moral standing, is secure from the most
atrocious and ignOble vexations. Every family
deplores one or more of its members imprisoned or
exied. At Padua fifty persons have been arrested,
while others have been forced to quit their fami-
lies, their comfortable homes, their business and
fly to the frontier, to escape the dungeons and the
cold regions of Germany; others who, too much
attached to their families and to the paternal home
resolve to await their fate, pass the nights in the
greatest inquietude, uncertain whether they shah
find themselves the next morning in their bed or
in aprson, for it is always in the dead of the
night, like true assassins that the Croat bands ar
rest their victims one after the other. Among the
persons thus arrested is Aeardo Aleard, the best
beloved of our poets-the Lamartine of Italy-be-
loved and idoliZed by all good men. This talented
man arrested the other day, and carried off to
the prisons of Josephstadt, accused only of having
loved his country. Forgive me if | sadden YOU by
the recital of these enormities it is grief that
makes me speok. No family can leave the towns,
to pass any time in their country houses, as is
usual, because the country is infested with bands
of marauders-that is to say, great number of
Styrians, who, under the title of volunteer corps
(corpi frdnchi), commanded by Austrian officers,
were poured into Italy during the war. Now
that these soldiers are disbanded instead Of ro-
moving them to their German homes, they are left
to rob and iniure the Italian people. Such acts
Of Vandalism must outrage all sense of civiliza-
tion.''
A GERMAN CONFEDERATION.
The Berlin correspondent of the London Times,
uuuer udle Oi august ZUIu, Virtues:
''The cause of German unity has in the last two
days made an important advance. Hitherto it has
been debated in newspapers and public meetings as
an abstract idea. 1t has been officially recog
nzed as the want of the day by one of the Sover-
eign Princes of Germany, who, if his states are
small possesses what several of his brethren have
not-the confidence and respect of all classes. Thus
the answer of the Duke of SaXe-Coburg- -Gotha to
the address presented to him on Sunday possesses
an Importance out of all proportion to his position
among crowned heads. The boldness with which
he gives expression to his hopes will probably ex
ercse some influence on the answer to be given by
the Prince Regent to similar address, forwarded
to him some little time ago from Stettin As have
before said, the position of Prussia is difficult one,
between the fear of offending the susceptibility of
other States, and the risk of damping the enthusi
asm for a movement which is so evidently to her
advantage. The Prince is determined to do more
than acknowledge the receipt OF the address, and
the importance of the subject it treats he is deter
mined to say something, but what that something
shall be, and how it is to be said puzzles both him
self and his councillors. Revolutionary hopes are
not to be encouraged, and the patriotic movement
is to be approved, while cause of offence to the
other sovereigns is to be avoided-a difficult pro-
blem to solve satisfactorily, and which has already
occupied several days, without, as Tar as can
learn, any progress having been made towards
solution. One thing only is certain, that the Prince
Regent will recognize the Importance of the object
aimed at and his readiness to assist in arriving at
it"
THE POTATOE DISEASE IN IRELAND.
The Cork papers state that the blight in its Oldest
and worst form has attacked the potatoe crop in
that quarter. The fact of its actual appearance
there has been several times noticed in the local
journals, but the tale is now told with more cir
cumstantiality than usual and is no longer set down
as flying rumor. The Eraniner says: ave
81 as has M DdprO m al