The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-09-25

Il
posmas,ers, 200 permanent $500 very sged
$50 officers and of vessels. No soldiers
ployed II is sort Of pararchal government the
natives who treated by the Govn0r OF Company
the father OF family would his children, Tar
tar or Arab chief rcgns over his scattered tribes few
yards OF CLOTH blankets few knives and hatches, va
rety OF rinkes guns powder and shot for hunting are
the simple forces employed Thus, without bayonet by
proper management and tho annual distribution Of
trlng sum- this Company with white force of only
few hundred governs and rules absolutely over this vast
tract OF country and these $4,000 Indians, unsamod arc
governed and absolutely controlled
The Hudson Bay Company have also a lease from the
Russian American Company for the strip Of sea coast
(over which this telegraph will pass) from tho British line
to Stka for which they pay 81 500 sterling year
Here, then we have system of government exercised
over the natives OF the country from tho borders OF Ca
NADIA and the United States TO Ska in the Russian
American possessions.
From Stka to Behring Straits the Russian American
Company have for generations past exercised the like
control the natives within their territory that the
Hudson Bay Company have from the ST. Lawrence to
the Pacific, all going to show concusively that not
difficult TO maintain peace and reap very profitable
merce.
Thus it will be perceived that through those inhospa
BILE ~ regions the solution Of maintaining telegraph line
is not fraught with such great difficulties many would
imagine without possessing knowledge Of the wonderful
control the natives and the vast strides made by the
two companies named in keeping up regular communca
ton through their territories.
have hesitation in saying that company could be
formed either in Stka or vancouver, which would qua
ranee the permanance and working order Of the entire
line from Vancouver to Bchrng Straits, and at very
reasonable sum because connected with the keeping and
repair of the telegraph lucrative fur trade be
prosecuted At present this would be done under the
auspices Of the two companies, who have the monopoly
OF trade their respective districts, under special
charters from Russia and Great Britain, Upon the oppo
site side of Behrng Straits TO Pennsk or Ayan the Rus
sian fur hunter and Cossack would undertake with aacry
the care OF the line the Asac side and when inves
gated, at a very small cost.
have made the calculation for the line via San Fran
cisco We will not be tied to that line absolutely but
take the route Of the Hudson Bay Companys posts TO
Lake Winnipeg, and reach the United States by St Paul
Or If an independent enterprise should construct line
from Missouri to meet the California line then could
send branch to San Francisco and continue the main
line via British Columbia the Saskatchewan Toronto
But many OF these seeming difficulties will pass away
and by the time the line could be constructed to the Pa
chc San Francisco will have been put IN Geographic com
municaton with New York.
In regard the influence OF cold in high attitudes on
the electric the ordinary wires used. expe
perence has proved that favorable At St Peters
burg, in 60 deg north latitude and from thence to Mos
COW, no extraordinary difficulty is experienced but
the contrary, may say tho manufactured electricity
works better and with increased efficiency high at
tudes In this electricians think, will agree; at least
there not so many disturbances caused in cold in
warm attitudes.
The line except from aovisk, at the head of the gulf Of
that name, the Ochotsk Sea- east longitude $50 deg
TO Mount St Elias the American side in west longitude
l42 deg will be below 90 deg north, and the highest
point attained is at the crossing of Behring Straits,
where 60 deg. Is reached; but If cable should be
stretched along the Alcutan archipelago, and following
the coast TO Stka 60 deg would only be touched
Again, If the practicabity of submarine cables Of from
two five hundred miles in length fully established
practically then the whole detour via Behring Straits
can be avoided and the route shortened by thousand
miles and all care, expense aud difficulty in protecting
the line except the points touching land this mode
should be adopted the Ochotss would be crossed from
the island of SAX hah lin, opposite the mouth of the
AMOR to Balchersk the peninsula of Kamschatka
distance of hundred miles whence crossing
the peninsula to Petropauows, and along the to the
Cape Of Kamschatka, where another submerged cable
would unite Asia to America at the peninsula of Ayaska
a distance OF some thirteen hundred miles; much
shorter crossing can be made by using of tho Aleu-
tans at midway dividing the cable into two sections thus
making three steps ii from the mouth Of the
Amoor to Stka, and placing the whole line within the
cupd territory of Russia and under the control and pro-
of the Russian American Company the govern
ment, besides shortening the route thousand miles.
But as have stated before, these all questions OF
detail As 10 the protection and maintenance of the line
via Behrng Straits there is not upon my mind from the
information received in Russia, Siberia and kamschatka
the shadow Of doubt
Behring Straits BY survey is thirteen leagues vide
by forty fathoms maximum deep. with current flowing
to the north no cebegs and shores favorable to the safe
Again, curious fact, that nearly the round world
may be encompassed Russian and British territory
by pursuing the parallel of about sixty north latitude
going east from St Petersburg After reaching the south
western boundary line between Russia and Great Britain,
Mount ST. Elias in America, in west longitude 142 de-
grees 60 degrees north latitude and from thence crossing
the Rocky Mountains by the Peace river pass Maken
zes trail and thence via Lake Winnipeg to Toronto the
round world would be brought into the elegraphic
BRACE and the whole distance the parallel Of 60 de
grees north latitude would be only about ten thousand
miles. The shortening OF distance by this route might be
a matter Of serious consideration and leave all lateral
lines and branches to work out their own salvation in
their own good and proper season.
On this parallel the whole land line might be made sub
terranean If necessary, which would at render II
less liable to casualties and provide against many conin
gences to which the ordinary pole and wire subject
Take them the distance by compass (or with the excep
ton of the Ura and the Rocky Mountains the earths
face on this parallel is nearly plain and the calculation
would not be much at fault in this the lateral lines
would be out at such times and at such points
perence, necessity and public pokcy would dictate pri
vate enterprise lind lucrative Up to- and much above 60
degrees cultivation OF the soil successfully and profit
ably carried At St. Petersburg for instance so de
grees north vegetation rapid and uxGrant vegetables
inhabitants and much of the products Of the earth for its
consumption and commerce the forests and waters come
from the north Of tha-from Ladoga, from Oregon and
from Finland
Going east from St Petersburg you cross the Dwina
fine navigabe stream, with country producing fax and
hemp, and cattle and timber, with Archangel its CAPT
tall IN GA degrees with very respectable commerce and
a population of some &c, 900 inhabitants.
Pursuing way to the Ura-the frontier of Asa-we
cross rich mining country well settled with stirring
much commerce and wealth in Siberia, European in its
civilization, three centuries old in Russian conquest
Pursuing the sixeth parallel Of the richest
mining districts in Sbera--the fenisask countryseve-
raj degrees south OF important towns and settlements and
within the best Of gram, vegetable and timber land.
and two degrees south Of Yakousk the capital Of that
government and south Of the overland government line of
post stations TO the Pacific and strike the Sea OF Ochok
(waters OF the Pacc) at Taysk still TO the south OF the
overland post stations on the road to Kanlschatka
Crossing the Gulf of Penjinsky by submerged cable
800 miles, the peninsula Of Kanschatka reached yet
below the line Of civilizations thence to the shores OF
Behrng Straits, which, the line of 90 degrees be
crossed TO the American shore (5ubmerged) about 800
miles 10 Cape Vancouver Nuawack.
Being thus fairly seated the shores of the New
World pursue way through the Russian American
Companys possessions Mount St. Elias still 60 de-
grees from whence via the Mackenzie trail to the Red
river settlements within the possessions of the Hud
Bay Companys territory and much to the south Of
many OF its principal trading posts and settlements
From Red river or Lake Winnipeg, Canada or the
United States are near at hand.
May it not be said that uniting the whole Geographic
systems Of Europe and America by this Asac overland
route, the pulsaon Of the whole As 900 miles Of tee
graphs in North America, joined on to and connecnd
with the 80 900 miles in Europe will give stimulus 70
the united force and render each Isolated line valuable
and lucrative and hold out to the Geographic lines Of both
Europe and America field where by liberal subscriptions
their earnings will be very greatly enhanced and their
lines rendered much profitable.
The conquest Of Russia in Asia and the rule Of the
Sclavonc power the Tartar is most singu-
lar phenomenon in the subjugaton of any aud
of the most nay the greatest achievement in any age of
the world Wherever Russia has puth forth her hand in
Asia civilization the arts peace and commerce have fol