The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-02-27

suonS Will and stronR arm Treaties again respected,
and tber saoredness again pledged In Congress-
lurionsts win know the worst be delivered from the
false hopes OF constitutional monarchs.
THE SERVIAN DIFFICULTY
The proximity OF servia TO Turkey or The "Sck Mans'
dcmnons has made in the eyes of the great Powers OF
Europe very important country Geographically it is
the most western Of the Danuban Prncpaities. It's
estimated at H. 600 square mics population up
wards Of a million, Of savonic descent, and chiefly
Christians Of the Greek church On the north Danube
separates from Hungary it is bounded the east by
walacha and Bulgaria, on the south by Macedonia, aud
the west by Bosnia and Albania. Belgrade, the capital
Of the country, and the bono Of contention and jealousy
between the Powers, ia an important fortified city
the right bank OF the Danube, at the confluence
Of the Save It is tho entrepot Of commerce be-
tween Turkey and Austria, and Is the seat OF the
principal authorities Of Serva Politically tho country is
divided into six provinces and thirteen districts The
government is vested in prince elected by the people,
and q Senate of twenty ono members named by him.
HER RELATIONS WITH THE POWERS OF EUROPE.
servia was conquered by the Turks in 1885, and held
by them till 1906, when it became independent, under
Czerny George and go remained till 1914, when revert
ed to Turkey The following year the serbes revoed and
achieved a kind Of independence 1t is nominally how
ever included in the Turkish dominons, and the Porte
has something 10 do in acknowledging the egnng prince,
and BESIDES garsons the Fort Of Belgrade with Turkish
soldiers for which he receives annual subsidy This
all the direct and positive interference with their
try and their liberty but the indirect interference with
both has led 10 the present difficulties between the great
Powers Of Europe
At the Paris Conference Of 1855 the great ers there
represented undertook the surveillance Of Servias nde
pendence with the sulsns relationship, above stated
70 understood and Is this treaty obligation that
ranted their meddlng and the recent dfcultes that
threatened as much as anything the peace Of Europe.
WHY sERvIA IS AN IMPORTANT COUNTRY.
In endeavorng to carry out the schemes Of Nicholas
the late Emperor Of Russia servia became very mpor
tant stepping TO the attainment of Consantnope
AS customary in the operations Of such governments
with small Staes every corrupt influence that could pur
to- 80 that Russian influence has always preponderated
that country, to the small annoyance Of Austria still
nearer neighbOr, and likewise TO the augmentation of
Jealousy and apprehension In France and England.
When Austria joined these two Powers in the Eastern
war; the former managed TO make out her part in tho
struggle to be the occupancy Of Serva and other portions
Of the Prncpates under the pretext Of the
Serbes and keeping them from assisting Russia by attack
ing the Turks is very Doubtful however, that the
Serbes had any such intention Austria accused them of
preparing TO rise against Turkey and that pretext
sayiog there instead of fighting with her allies in the
Crmea. When the war terminated the Austrians were
slow to vacate the Prncpales, which occupied consider
ably the attention OF the Paris Peace Conference and
finally the adoption of the 18th article OF the treaty which
runs thus
be maintained accordance with prior resulstions No
armed can take place in sera without previous
Powers
Austria anything but active in vacatng the Danu-
ban Prncpaies, and numerous notes addressed
her by France and England. She managed nd
for lingering behind and has succeeded up
I'm rendering the free navigation of the Danube agreed
ey serva On paper sns however, vacated en-
WIN TINS summary OF what servia is geographically,
ana what oiluences have been at work politically with
ing Oh the difficulties between the Powers on her account
HOW THE DIFFICULTY BEGAN.
10 the fort For years back gave
evidence Of considerable anxiety to encroach upon the
liberty of the serbes and recently they managed post
ing Serbian Prince Alexander was accused of favorng
Turkey DR. some personal family interest The Skupts-
china or General Assembly Of the nation met the 18th
Of December at Belgrade. The Prince and all the chief
authorities were present at its formal opening the 5th
and all the attending ceremonies with their paraphernaa
were thanked for their protection of Serbian liberty aud
the Porte was assured that the Skupschna had met only
TO attend 70 the internal affairs Of the coun-
try. Prince Alexanders conduct during his reign
was the hrst subject for investigation com
mittee was appointed to inquire into his course,
and 70 recommend remedy for the evils com
planned or Ninety counts of accusation, the greater
portion linked TO treason were preferred against the
Prince and finally the representatives unanimously de-
wait upon the and request his obedience to the will
OF ne people de had twenty four hours to consider be-
fore the expiration OF which, the Senator'S frightened him
with dread Of the people and he took refuge In the Turkish
fort The Senator's hoping TO get the power in their
hands, acquainted the General Assembly with the Prnce's
ment ana required OF them 70 proclaim his dethronement
which they refused TO do till the expiration Of the twenty
four hours The Senate met and appointed three
OF their own number triumvrae 10 administer the AZ
fairs Of the country and with the Ministers Of State called
upon the Prince TO abdicate He turned upon them and
endeavored 70 show that they were responsible for the
evils the country, and that they were equally guilty
with him. The Prince held consultation with the repro
sentatves OF the foreign Powers In Begrade but with the
exception or the Austrian representative they all
refused 70 interfere The Austrian was very anxious for
foreign The committee Of the National As
semby waited upon sho Prince but he told them he knew
his own business and they might DO what they pleased.
They returned TO the Assembly where the forfeiture Of
Prince Aexanders authority and the establishment OF
the family OF Oorenorvitch were unanimously decreed
ms on oeng 70 the Senate scared them,
they their hopes blasted and the prospect Of
serious dcuee a. they had nearly al taken part In the