davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-04-28

ter OF 1851, and ran part Of the summer Of
1852. Ia l849, so and 81, tho Packet
line ran twice . week in 1859, three times
Q week.
In the summer Of 1882, great steamboat
contest followed the Hairless running the
New 81. Paul against the Packet Company.
Ia the fall. the boats consolidated. In 1854,
built three new steamers; six trips week
we're made. Daring this season the old DR..
Franklin and Nominee were unfortunately
sunk.
In June, 1886, the opening OF the Galena
and Chicago Union Railroad gave great
impetus to the trade.
In 1856, the number Of boats was increas-
ed by the addition Of the Northern Belle
and Granite State, The Lady Franklin
was lost during the summer.
In the winter Of 1856, the Dubuque line
OF boats was consolidated with the Packet
Company. The Dunleth line Of three splen-
did boats was established. The Prairie du
Chen, Hudson aud st. Paul Company also
put on three boats in the trade opened in
the spring Of 1887. by the completion Of tho
Milwaukee and Mississippi Railroad.
During the past year ST. Louis Packet
Company has been organized with splendit
lineot boats. The arrivals from ST. Louis
last year were l72 fact which shows thu
Importance OF the trade.
The following table shows tho growth o
the trade since lS44
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-04-28
TIE STEAMBOAT Trade.


Previous to 1923 the only means OF water
transportation above Prairie do Chen wers
Mackinac boats. Mayor Kittson came ur
in one Of these in 1928. The sites Of popu
lous towns were then solitudes. II he'd beer
supposed that the Rock Island Rapids would
prove 9 barrier to navigation. But the
Virginia, one OF the boats recently intro.
duced in the Mississippi, disspated this illu
sisn. This steamer, lis feet long and draw.
ing 6 feet Of water. arrived at Mendoza in
May, 1923, with Major Tslisfero the Indst
Agent among its passengers, also Count
Be,traine, who after wards explored what be
called the Indian sources Of the Mississippi
The excitement created among the lndiani
BY the arrival Of this enormous wster spou.
their terror at its approach--their panic
and fight when she commenced blowing Of!
team-have often been related.
: After the success Of this experiment one
or two boats came annually with supplies
for the Fort and Indian trade. 10 1874
when the Grst record vas made Of the srriv
all, by Philsnder Prescott. Esq, Of Fort
SneIling-tbe number Of arrivals bad 10.
tIt0Nu w
The little Heambos,s Otter. Capt Har'
ris) Rock River and Lynx were then The
principal boats In the trade.
In ies7, the first regular stsamboa. trade
was established between Gslena and Mepdo
Ia touching at 81. Paul, by way OF encour
aging the htt'e settlement 10 this year the
Gaiena Pscke. Company was ORGANIZED
consisting Of Campbell L Smith, Brisboe
4 Rice, II. T. Doasmsn, II II 5ibley, and
". w. Ldwick.
A small steamboat Of so tons burtbeD, o'
The shrieking, bigs pressure pattern, sppro-
priately named the Argo" vas the frs'
boat pat into the trade by the new company
the mod,t beginning Of The splendid aee'
ths. has since been maintained uoder then
aaspioes BY the pro6,s Of the trade The
Argo rsn I'LL October. ~hen il vas sunk BY
Q suag oear Wsbsshsw
10 the summer OF lsts. the " DR. Prank
lin" succeeded the lost boat, She va ~
kc.sd to best the senator" N St l0ais
Thcse sho remember her will he amused.
fn 1870. The Senator vas sdel-i % the line
under Cap, Orin smith.
In the iall Of that year, ,be senator ga
replaced by the NOmLes, famous az q ten
y~r.nce bo,, ard . .pieodid boa, fOr ID .
dsys-usdsr Csp smith, no- Pr.sidsn
u the Psoke, COMPANY
The Bsn Csmpt.il so suilt q ,bs s'n
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-04-28

The marginal ratus OF increase faithfully
indicate the steps OF expansion up 10 the
crisis OF 1857, and the sudden arrest Of the
upward movement at that point, refined in to
q slower gait, Sc, 929. $40 Tor 5000 acres,
containing 10 $50 lots, at an average there
fore Of $500 per lot.
Eleven years ago, and for large part ten
years ago, this whole 5000 acres was ,pur..
chased at the Chippewa aud Saltwater land
Offices. for the sum all told Of $4,000; al
though that price Of course docs not indicate
its value at the time, but it does indicate its
value and more than its value two years be
fore that time.
woRrHLkssNRss OF THE ASSESSMENTS or
MOVABLE PROPERTY.
Since 1854, partial assessments have been
made Of the Banking, Mercantile and Mis-.
cellaneous Business Capital Of the City,
Assessments OF Real Estate relating to pro-
perry with fixed and known value, are
reliable measures Of relative valuation.
Assessments Of personal property under the
above divisions as they are made in this city
are almost totally illusory and worthless.
A single specimen Of the manner in which
these appraisas Of merchandise are made
will suffice.
A hardware merchant with stock
certainly Of not less than ftrenty thousand
dollars IN has store was assessed for ffteen
hundred dollars OF merchandise.
A CARPET merchant with stock ut least
Of ten thousand dollars, probably much
more than that, was assessed for twenty live
hundred Others are asscssed for full value.
Some whose stocks are overrated have them
cut down by testifyng on their oaths 10 real
value. Such u system Of appraisal as that
of course, not only affords no approximation
to real value, but no indication Of it. In
several years Of the last decade the business
statistics Of the city have been partially
collected, and 10 one or two Instances by
competent persons honestly DESTROYS OF ar
irving at the truth. The data thus afforded
compared with the apprsisals Of assessors
enable us to say with perfect confidence the
assessed valuation OF merchandise must BE-
multiplied by four to produce the real mini
mum value.
What is called banking capital in thu
ASSESSORS tables, relates generally TO private
banking capital, owned by individual bro
kers, sort Of property, which, apart from
the inefiicieney, negligence, or partialitie'
which influence assessments OF personal pro
perty in general is peculiarly and proverbi
ally inaccessible to taxation. On the othe
hand seven eighths OF the banking capita
employed 10 st. Paul Is not owned here, bu
is invested and controlled by agents Of CAPT
talists abroad.
1t is safe to say that the banking capita
reached by the aasessors, does not amount Z
one sixth OF the whole amount employed il
st. Paul; and the same might be said o
most Of the other descriptions Of persona
estate. With these facts TO bear in mind
We give the following table, showing tn
assessed valuation OF personal property il
st. Paul during the last five years
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-04-28

Involving four transh ipments, too many 10
bc profitable. Accordingly the full develop.
ment OF this trade cannot he anticipated ill
the Minnesota and Pacific Railroad Com
pany have completed to tho Red River, the
~. Paul aud Brcekinridge road now in
course Of construction
The competition OF this trade will not only
pour the whole present trade OF the Red
River Valley. with annual interchang,S OF
British Goods and Hudson hay Company
furs, amounting ~ above stated TO 800, 900,
but will stimulate the growth Of that re-
gion. aud with facilities for reaching mar.
kst. develop ia splendid agricultural capa.
cities, and gradually build up prosperous
communities based on thriving hasbandry
with ~. Paul their Of trade. But its pres.
ent resources are sufficient for large trade.
rREsxsr RuouRCn ov rux RID RIVER
TRADE.
The total population Of Half Breeds and
Indians in British America, North. west Of
Saint Paul, 10 set down nj $4,000. To
supply this population, the Hudson bay
Company have annually introduced only
$500, 900 worth Of goods, or about VI 80
per head. Now tho experience in our In.
dian trade shows All average consumption OF
$40 per head, This indicates demand
northwest Of saint Paul now, for 81, l60, 900
worth Of importatioDs; or nj 8l2 per head
there Is still demand for over xl,59G 900,
to DO supplied mainly through 81 Paul.
let ns consider the sources Of profitable
intercourse in tho present state Of the coun
try. The hunters from the lted River settle
nsnt alone. annually kill 25,500 buiialoes;
each animal will nj minimum average, pro
duce forty pounds Of tAllow. which at ten
cents pr pound would make 81 100000 /;
hides 81. SIS 700. The tongues aud beet
II cured for expectation, would produce at
least $500 900 more. All this IL nOS wasted
for wan, OF market. IN addition. i, Ia said
that ! 50. 900 bulIalOes are annually sIangh
tered by the Indians in the valley d the Sas
katehewan tbousands wAntonly and for
nothing but their tongues.
Now II the Indian could sell the talIow
and carcase Of these animals, tbei, vast waste
Of commercial staples would stop. And with
such facilities Of steam communication with
it. Paul, ~ would make the trade profitable,
! $3.50 900 would he added 10 the trade VI
| 81. Paul from the North. west .snd IT. Paul
would be the greatest exporter Of hides and
talIow in the world All this 10 addition TO
the fur trade of Of 800 900, which under
proper competition coald he ,rebed. Such,
! 10 advance Of any further colonization, are
the resources which are opening Tor the com
nerce Of II. Paul in the great North west,
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-04-28

OF the real estate estimate large pro.
portion was OF course made up Of the farm.
ing and other lands. lying at that time out.
side the township as originally laid out and
incorporated. =,
The following table shows the assessed
valuation OF real state in Saint Paul for the
last ten years:
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-04-28

The average length Of the navigablc sea-
son is shown to DO $50 days, The number
of arrivals in l84S was 63; 10 1858 it was
LOGS.
The number OF boats in the trade lS4S
WAS two, with tonnoge Of 240 tons. In
1858 the number of boats was 81, in tho
midst oil an unparallel business depression,
with an aggregate tonnage OF 1908 tons,
nearly all 10 the regular trade. The follow.
ing table will show the distribution Of this
tonnage, and taken in connection with the
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-04-28

carts which accomaanied Mr.. kittson to
Mendoza TO convey the results Of his first
seasons business at rembina, were only six
in number.
In 1887 the aggregate arrivals were cur.
rcntly stated at GOO carts, These carts are
light wooden vehicles, drawn generally by
oxen harnessed singly in shafts with rude
gearing Of raw hide, each carrying abou,
zoo lbs. weight 400 carts came las, year
IRON the British possessions, not laden with
furs, but with an equivalent Of money The
immediate abolition Of n duty OF l2,s per
cent, now levied on importAtions Of British
furs across the boundary, is necessary for
the full development Of this trade.
II will thus be seen the whole trade OF the
Red River Valley IN spite Of onerous inter.
national imports, and in spite Of oil the OPP.
position OF the Hudson bay Company, is
seeking ST. Paul rs its inevitable outlet.
Furthermore the Hudson Bay Company
has itself abandoned the old canoe and por.
tage routes through British Territory. Last
year 90 packages OF the goods OF that Com.
pany were transmitted by way OF expert
ment from New York via ST Paul, So
satisfactory was the result that this year the
whole or nearly the whole Red River i'm.
port Of the Company is to be forwarded by
this route. a letter from tho chief officer
OF the Company published in this paper last
winter. apprised the public that arrange.
ments were being made 10 forward several
hundred tons Of frcigh, through this chan.
mel
The distance by land fIom Saint Paul
TO Pembina is als by the nearest route.
The introduction OF steamboat navigation
on the Red River this spring will reduce the
land tanspor,ation Tor goods by this route
to u distance Of ZIG miles. which il is prac-
tieabs still further to reduce by the navi-
gable distances Of the Mississippi from Grow
Wing downward, 10 u total and.carriage ol
30 miles.
II the full available stcamboatng capa.
city OF tho Upper Mississippi were used, the
following would BE- tho relative distances OF
land and water carriage.
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-04-28

years, Tor improvements, 49,, $3.50 900
The average annual expenses Of tho City
Government, exclusive OF public improve
ments, is S2s, 926.
Since the Inauguration OF the city Gov
ernGent II bias graded over seven miles Of
street. and hall mile OF levcc. through q
bluff seventy ieet high II has laid over ten
miles Of plank sidewalk Tour and q half
miles Of gas pipe, and many miles Of culvsrt
aud subterranean sewerage; II has built
capacious City Hall aud thrco handsome
school oliiiccs Of stone established IN eiIsc-
tive fire department. with two ars: slaas
engines. aud built tho two engine houses 10
keep them from getting wet II has built .
splendid bridge seventeen Hundred foct In
length across tho mississippi and with an
aggregate expenditure Of 1929 900 for i'm
provemcnts In tlvo years. its bonds have bet
ter credit In New York than any other
city West Of the AIleghanies.
rHivArE AND PUBLIC IMPROVEMENT IN 1857
AND 1858.
Saint Paul has written her reply 10 tho
auguriea Of the Great Revelation OF 1867 In
enduring stone Indeed. ono effect Of tho
revulSion Of 1858. by cheapcning labor and
material. has bcon TO stimulate improve.
incnt. Contracts for building have been
thirty three per cent. lower than 10 1857
A large addition has been made 10 the mum.
Der Of private residences. and the finest and
most costly Of our commercial buildipgs
have been erected since then and 10 such
an extent ~ TO tell hvorabiy on tho qucs-
ton of rents. We are Indebted for the
figures given below to thorough
Canvass OF the Ot,y on behalf u tho
chamber Of Commerce by Amos W. Hall.
for the First Ward, VIM. q. Grny for tho
second and Third, and AID. II. J. Taylor
for tho Fourth, who kindly voluntesrsd for
tho occasion. We avail ourselves OF thu
report OF WIN. q. dray. Esq. 10 the Presi
dent Of the Chamber
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-04-28

II is interesting TO note that the old town
records arc lost, and that the only recorded
vstigc Of the existence Of such Q corpora
ton % debt Of $1,000. which il faithfully
transferred to the city.
The city government has generally bonn
efficient. economical aud faithful. A review
Of the leading enterprises carried on BY tho
city. and tho valuable improvements L has
made, is necessarily crowded over.
FINANCIAL oSDIrroS--inrRovan xsrs.
The following table will show tho receipts
into the City Treasury, for each year during
tho past Eve years:
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-04-28

Total In two years $50 ,0s0.so0
In addition 10 the above, the following
structures Of public character were erected
during 1857 and 1858
Ten churches. costing 900
The county jail aud addition 10 the
oour, house $1,000
Three engine houses 100
Thfse school houses 10000
~, Paul Bridge across the Mississippi,
will, be completed within 30 days 10000
Total 1880
Adj improvements above noted. for
81 aud IS 1850 500
Total Improvement In two years
81 greatest commercial de.
preston sl,lJs.7oo
To this must be ADDED the Gums expended
during the same period by the city in grading
and opening stfcetr, In building sewers and
sidewalks, extending fevse etc. OF tbess
Sl33 1873 was expended 10 1857. and eH,
III 10 1853. or Q total 10 the two years
Of sos, $50, equal 70 two thirds Of the whole
improvement made in the last i've years. OF
this. $40 900 has been expended In the ex.
Tension aud improvement OF the levee.
Thu will make grand total for city i'm.
provements. 10 two years. Of 81 ,G47,G30.
rHE uisr PAUL BRID0E.
james NJ. soodhue vas the first to advo-
cate q Bridge ~ units the opposite banks
Of the Mississippi at this point The Saint
Paul Bridge Company was Incorporated 10
1854. lt charter VA amended 10 1856.
Work Was commenced upon the piers 10
June II that year. but the monetary crash
-. a L.. LII IL
The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-04-28

Increase
per cent.
Kanawha Valley star. [volume] (Charleston, Va. [W. Va.]) 1856-1861, 1859-06-28

10 see :hal edsqpats pso.sciien y extended e
every species Or property IN the Tsfriiories. 81
m. That the rlyhs OF establishing o. prohibit
ing slavery In Territory belongs exclusively 10
tie people the eof, when they form their State
Constitution fot admission into he Union.
The foregoing propositions are. in sub
.tance,. an embodiment Of the Constitution
itselE as interpreted and euuncated BY The
sapreme Court Of the United States, in the
Dred Scott case. The principle thus enun,
ciaied is fair ana iast 10 all sections; and TO
its fan recognition whit Democracy be
driven in 1850, BY wise expediency and a
stern necessity from which there is no escape.
II isths only fair. just and certain basisupop
which O. final s permanent settlement Of this
question can be effected. The national De-
tmocracy can neyerbe brought 10 arecognitioa
and endorsement OF thr heresy of /" !squatter
Sovereignty Our time and space forbid our
pursuing this subject further At this time. We
shall hereafter refer 10 it, and express, more
fully, our views upon the snbject, and present
in more tangible terms, our reasons for our
dissent from, and condemnation Of Squatter
Sovereignty"
Kanawha Valley star. [volume] (Charleston, Va. [W. Va.]) 1856-1861, 1859-06-28
KAMA VIVA VALLEY STAR.

pointmsnt. We know Of no place in
The Union. where nature has besa
% bountifal ia her richest gifts. asin
his same valley. Il WAS not enough
that she should give you salt in such
abundance a. would have supplied the
world for now she comes 70 you and
says YOU shall be while rich 10 BLOCK Ola.
monds, whose lus,rs may be liqpidizfd
and bs the l;ght and beauty Of q world.
Will YOU let all these advantages pass !
III the name OF all that is impressing.
arise and put your shoulders to.the wheel,
and let US see this beautiful valley be-
come the pride OF the State. Open up
the river. complete the Railroad. eneour-
age all the immigration you can. and then
Acr! Do not talk about il, but form
your Companies, spend your money, and
believe us, the time Is pot far distant
when you viii sac how great a thing H.
70 be, ready and willing with heart and
hand, to move onWard andupicard Al L
1.. - ! .t,s. CARR. 4
Kanawha Valley star. [volume] (Charleston, Va. [W. Va.]) 1856-1861, 1859-06-28
Rpssr /. Rrror. BE.

). IL viii be seen mat Mr.. Pryor has
,.,;rei from The States. lie returns
10 his native home in the " Old Do
,n;nion.'' to engage in q profession
IN which his talents eninentlys quail,
h. him, AS law and politics 60
hapa ii hand in Virginia We shah
be ptepared to see Mr.. Pryor, at no
distant day, in high public einploy-
ment. The good OF the country
womb be benefited BY his presence
in the councils of The nation. He
would be in|that body the Randolph
OF his day. Thereiwonld be no gov
eminent abuse that he would NOT lay
bare ID pnblic view. Such a member
was never needed more thanat this
time, and we hope That Virginia Will
soon supply the demand III the per
son OF Mr. Pryor, and thus what the
press loses in his separation from it,
win be gained by the republic IN the
republication of the system in which
it has an existence.
We may add that Mr.. Pryor vii
occasionally devote > leisure hour t.
thecolnulns of IHeHStctes. Indeed
we expect to be freq emily favored
with articles from bis gifted pen
States.
Kanawha Valley star. [volume] (Charleston, Va. [W. Va.]) 1856-1861, 1859-06-28
literary Notice.

THE ScIENr1rIc AMFRicAN}-'lhe Publisher
Of this widely circql ted and pplarillnsira
ted weekly journal Of mechanics and science.
announce that it will be enlarged on the first
ofJuiy, and otherwise greatly improved, Icop-
iaainng sixteen pages Instead Of eight, theEpres-
5ent zs, which wall make it the largest and
cheapest scientific journal in the world !; it is
the only journal of its class that has eTef sue
ceedea in this country, and maintains . char
,acterfor authority in all matters Of mechanics
science and arts, which il moi excelled bY any
other journal published ia this country or in
Eprope. AlthougR the Publishers will incul
an,jncreased expense Of Sc, oooya year ~ tshi:
enlargement, they have determaineds not e
raise the price, Of. subse fipers. Terms 50 a
Year, or 10 copies for sl5.. Specimen copies
ofthe papef$with pamphletsof information
,oinyentors. furnished gratis BY mai, On ab'
plication TO the publisher, l.*- 5f$ Nj
1T" . s .:st. MUM 4 Co, Y
n g-@+ 4. No At Pstk Raw Nav VarE
Kanawha Valley star. [volume] (Charleston, Va. [W. Va.]) 1856-1861, 1859-06-28
!. KNIcKERBockEa. z This pioneer I

!. KS1ckr KBockEa." This pioneer Of
Magazines makes its monthly appearance
in our sanctura. Tits not only
one ofthe oldest, but is emphascally one
Of the best, ifnot the very best magazines
published. ItsF' Editorial Table" is the
16ness wwe>have ever seen many work. ~
The original matter IN each No Of this
Magazine is.by the best.writers Of the age,
and The contents areen,irely original. n
The work contains over loo pages 81
closely printed matte ;, embellished with
superior eleotrotype 9 ngravihgs, besides
an excellent steel portrait in Zach No, 81
some prominent pers opage, Price 80
per year. Address JONI A. GaAY
IS & 10 Jacob street. New York, Bsel
Nos. supplied. I. I III y T
Kanawha Valley star. [volume] (Charleston, Va. [W. Va.]) 1856-1861, 1859-06-28
The !" Wheeling Argus and the Pftsi-
J. denCY, ,. 3E4 Il

IA remarkably singular and III natured
editorial appears ID a recent number. Of
the Argus in relation 70 Virginia's
Two Distinguished Statesmen, Gov. Wise
and Senator unter--which we have
only time Ito give passing notice this
week. WeeonfessI We we're not prepared
10 hear any Demopfat, much less ., DEM
cratic press Of Western Virginia. asser,
the ridiculous proposition that the De-
Spocracy of Virginia !" distrust" both
Senator Hunter and Gov, Wise. The
truth is, the Democracy Of the State, and
particularly Of theIWest. have full conf
.dence iasthe ability, integrity and patriot
ism Of both Of those distinguished States.
men: and the ideaIthat the vote Of Vir-
ginia, at Charleston. will ~ cast fol-
Breckenridge. Of fprany other man ex
cept Henry A Wise ORR NJ. 7. Hunter
is simply absurd. Theyote Of Virginia
viii b cast as a unit at Charleston fol
one OF the other other two distinguished
Statesmen. Between GOV. Wise ana Sen.
tator Hunter, We Eaye preference; and
weswish TO see theirstrength fairly tested
and the vote Of Virginia united on The
one ID whose favor majority Of her De.
- - II . IL -.
mocracy shall declare.
The effort Of the !" Argus /" Il to divide
the Democracy Of West and East Virgin
IA, win be laughed to seorn BIZ the De
moersey Of the West and will doubt
less be attributed to personal peak on Ii,
part Of the !" Argus" towards. eithel
Senator Hunter Or. Coy. Wise. Or both o
them Such appeals to The Demoerac,
of the West. won't do; they are to-
transparent. The |" Argus" will fnt
few indeed. willing to accompany it dosl
into Kentucky in ssafchof man to Civ,
The vote Of Virginia 10 the Charleston
f Convention.
Kanawha Valley star. [volume] (Charleston, Va. [W. Va.]) 1856-1861, 1859-06-28
Z .Thtl Bo.alts.

!. The ]" Kanawha Valley arrived
here on, Thursday, with very heavy
freight trip, and with . large number
Of passengers. SHE left On Saturday
for Cincinnati. Z.
1 The Virginia Home arrived from
Cincinnati, where she has been re-
pairing, painting &c, on Sunday
morning last, and left Yesterday for
Cincinnati, She will leave here OH
Saturday next, for. T arkersburg.
The. = hurricane !" continues 10
make her regular trips to Gallipolis.
The clerksof all the boats win accept
our thanks for papers. 81