The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-11-10
NEW YORK HERALD THURSDAY TO-

10, l859.-TRIP
The Complications or Eurspo-Rovoiu.
ticn In the Roman Catholic states or 4
War with England.
When the war in Italy was ON the eve Of
breaking out Prince jerome, the only living
brother of Napoleon, strongly opposed it, and
on its declaration exclaimed, 1--WE are again in
1870" The complications which are now
rising In Europe recall that eventful era and
the mighty struggle which succeeded 1t, and
the pertinent inquiry comes up on every side,
sis Louis Napoleon equal to the exigencies Of
the situations"
In the early part Of the present century the
dawning of the Napoleonic ideas awoke the
Pope and the dynasties from lethargy Of
centuries. The heir and testamentary executor
of the great oonvulsion which shook the
thrones and crowns Of Europe Napoleon,
brought his genius to the task of bridging the
abyss Of revolution, and conducting nations
and dynasties from the worn out political sys-
TENS Of Charlemagne to the adoption of new
theories consonant with the enlightenment Of
the age. The people claimed voice in the
selection of their rulers, and the rulers chung
to the old dispensation Of divine right Then
came the great conflict, in which the banded
dynasties reused the nations against the
child Of revolution, and Napoleon and his
ideas were consigned, as it was hoped
forever, to the isolation Of st. Helena. The
third Napoleon, in philosophical analysis of
the ideas of his uncle, has told us that he failed
because, anticipating men and things, he con-
quered too promptly and did not leave time to
cement his construction. The dynasties paci-
fed Europe with the bayonet, divided 1t among
themselves with the pen, and cheated the peo-
pie out of the promised ameliorations with
which they had drawn them into the conflict.
But the Protestant Powers have given way
more or less to the impulse of the age, and
England, Prussia and Sweden have admitted
the popular element in some degree into 60
vernment
The Roman Catholic sovereigns have re-
sisted the new spirit ia every way, and while
Charlemagne, the Pope has chung to the theo-
ries of Hildebrand Louis Napoleon, like his
great uncle, is the testamentary executor of
popular revolution against these ideas Of the
dark ages and he finds the hierarchy of the
church and the supporters of despotism every
where struggling against him. He has endea-
vored to meet them singly; and thus came the
clearly characterized to Lord Cowley as a con-
fict between the dissatisfied nationalities, led
by France, and the rights of sovereigns and
the established order of things, defended by
Austria. This power has been defeated, but
the conflict does not end. Italy rebels
against the tyranny of the Papacy, and the
Pope refuses to admit the new order of things
in his temporal rule. Austria cannot support
him in the coming conflict, because France re-
strains her. Spain did entertain the idea of
sending Spanish army to garrison Rome; but
Louis Napoleon has succeeded in turning the
martial spirit of the Spaniards in another d.
rection. Naples then came forward as the
hacker Of the Pope; but the threat of the with
drawal Of the French troops from the Eternal
City reminds King Bombino that revolution
in the Legations would soon sweep away the
OeSpOuSM OF naples.
Deprived of extraneous support, the Pope is
driven to resort to the church militant and its
moral weapons to preserve his rotten tempo
ralities And here is the struggle that now
complexities the affairs of Europe, and endan-
gers the position of Louis Napoleon. It is the
throes Of reform in the Roman Catholic coun-
tries Of Europe. The ultramontane priesthood
in Italy and in France are at open war with the
Napoleonic ideas. They are supported by all
the religious fanatics, the strongly conserva-
tive and the timidly passive interests of So
ciety. Pastorals from the bishops and allocu-
tons from the Pope are hurled at the policy
of Louis Napoleon in Italy, while at the same
| time he has no other option than to perse-
| we're in She course he has begun. The conflict
threatens to band together the Catholic Powers
| against him and to divide his own empire be-
! meath his feet. In this dilemma q general Con-
| gress of the European Powers might afford him
some resource to master the situation, if the
Protestant Powers would support him there.
Russia is not averse to do 80, but England
holds aloof, and Prussia leans to the council of
England. Yet Louis Napoleon must deprive
the priesthood Of the power to divide his en-
| pire beneath his feet, and to defeat the church
| reform movement in all the Roman Catholic
States. Here his usual astuteness avails him.
England deprives him Of the support of
general Congress, and England is the point Of
attack. But not in her stronghold. Her out
posts, her distant points Of weakness, must be
aimed at Her complications in China must be
increased by Withholding the French contin-
gents. Her Indian possessions must be endan-
gered by Suez Canal, which shall open path
for the feet at Toulon. A dash may capture
Gibraltar, and the overland route to the East Is
closed to the power of Great Britain. A French
and Spanish feet is gathered at Agesiras as 1t