The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1859-04-18

waNpay MORNING


Hayti. ,,.,,ion
The island Of Hayti, TO which n"e nue., ,cve,u.
has been attracted of late by The -. .esr.rd
ton aaainst the empire OF sou'os" s,h =, peoem.
was discovered by Columbus on ~ uhaa horne
her. lAa2 on his return from 'as~ -, co,pm.
.S..,a - uav,, aong the natives ea. oo'.a',
"o 49,, !. ,,.r.,o,a or Little Spain ihe set'ie
p"s $3.50 hnro n, Columbus, who was greatly
mens fos me" ,..ntv OF the island, was the FIRST
pleased 49, - s,,,ni,ts In AmerieA. The western
se'"e .s.sa i,,and was eeded by Spain to France,
,so, ncsr,y A century after the eastern half:
a. ,,om l7;6 tolsSo, Hsyti Was at the height of
t,s prosperity. The insarrection OF 1871 put an
end effectaaly to the commerce of the island, ana
from the paralysis OF its industry and trade when
chen occurred. IL has never recovered. Tbcexpofs
were in 1871, Coffee rs Isl $50 ihs Sugar, l0so'''
60 All tsis has been swept away by suceessiui
negro revolutions, and whether IL will ever De re-
vived, depends upon the question whether hsSh
will ever be reclsimed again from African harba.
rsm.
This beautiful island, so fertile and varied IN
natural resources, is about S9o miles 10 length,
from 60 20 $50 miles broad it's superficial area
$4,000 square miles. II has high mountains, some
Of them 5000 fee, above the level of the sea; IL is
we'll watered by numerous rivers: sui r cane, cof'
fee, cotton, cocoa, are produced 10 great album
mountains are covered with the most valuable
timber, oak, rashe gany, satin wood, iron wood,
Sc: the rich soil produces spontaneously the
piau,ain, the vanilla, and the potato Two hours
labor day would support any OF the thriftless
inhabitants 10 comfort: bat this ismore than some
of them are willing to expend, and a greater
anlcuat of poverty and degradation cannot be
sound in any agricultural country within the same
limits.
The insurrec,ien against the French occurred in
1871. Itsweps over the fertile island like de.
huge, destroying not only men, but the fruits OF
the earth and of human industry. The negroes
were aided by yellow fever, which worked terrible
havoc among the French troops, whilst an Eng
lish squadron rendered its assistance in compile
tne their overthrow. The first negro Governor
was Dessaimes, January j, 1904, who soon assum-
ed the empire and the title of Jacques ], Emperor
Of haytl Ills tyranny caused military conspira>
CIV against him, and he was slain 1906 He wa
succeeded by Christophe, his second in command
who, however, was opposed by Potion, another
chief and rival for the supreme power. lu Sc
we're battle, fought in 1907, Potion was defeated
Christophe WAS appointed Chief Magistrate fol
life. with the power of naming his successor; in
1911, he assumed the title of King, calling himsei
Hcary l. From 1910 to 1920, the northern part o
the island was the kingdom of Christophe, tht
black aud the southern part a republic, upde,
Potion, the mulatto, who, in 1916, was sppointe,
President of the Republic for life, and retained th
Office until his DEATH in May, 1918. The cruelt,
of Christophe like that of jacques, caused mill
tary revolution, by which he persisted ia October
1870. The whole colony became united, under 30
YER the successor Of Potion, in the Office of Pre-
saent. The usurpston of soulouque, after tn
death of Boyer, and the tyrannical career b.
which. like his imperial predecessors, he brough
about his own overthrow, fresh in the recol
lection Of ell.
The independence Of the French part Of th
island was Acknowledged by France, April Il, 1855
In consideration Of stipulation by Boyer to pa
Francea hundred and fifty millions Of francs, as a.
indemnity for the ex-colonists, in five annual in
sta,ments. This amount has never been paid, au
unless. Napoleon "a levies on the island, be ha
little chance of getting his debt
Much has been said of the means for public iu
struction which have been adopted in Hayti, an
il has been observed that, since his accession
Geffrsrd has already sent several young men t
Paris to be educated. This, however, was DONE
we mistake net, under his predecessors. The son
Of the revolutionary chief, ToGrsain L0uverture
Wore educated in France, and colleges aud school
are. found In all the considerable towns. Al
these appliances, however, have fsiled to eeyat
the bgrbarous negro race, to make them capabl
OF self government, or even to prevent their stead
retrogression in moral and material strength.