The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-17

while the revenre far from following similar progress
sion Jumped about between 49, and 70 o, and
actually less in 1868 than it had been in any one Of the
previous years 0le year the treasury was fu TO
overlooking and another had to be replenished by
ioan-a most unsatisfactory condition. the consequence OF
the government relying too exclusively on customs dues
for ts supplies In 1858 the expenditure was appropriated
es follows which We contrast with somewhat oinerent
and imperfect account for 1867 o
| Expenditure. le6S. iooo.
and miscellaneous. $40 100000 IA goo OOO
Interior. ............... o"ooSoo S'soV,0 000
war Department .'..'.'' aoo 100 'oo0 O0S
Public Neutrality-suspicious. Of
treasury notes.. 'ooVovV ',Soo,VoV
Total. .ss1 500, 900 $4,000 600
The whole expenditure increased, therefore, in the in
ervn nearly 90 per cent the expenditure for civil
services-foreigu and domestic 80
cent the expenditure for putting the army and
navy together increased 80 per In the interval the
population Of the States may be estimated to have in
creased 80 per cent the expenditure has consequently
| increased three times as fast the population.
Amongst the items Of expenditure, the civil service
increased between 1850 and S6we have not the details
for ls5srom 50 400 900 to ooo The Foreign In
ercourse decreased IN the time from "a 900 TO
$1,000 0oe The Miscellaneous Expenditure increased
from 90 900 900 to $l5,7OOOOo Amongst the items Of
ponse collecting increased between
1850 and 1885, from $4,000 to $3.50 900, and tho
sssas S6o, was inc charged to this head. great
part Of the sum expended under the head "Miscel-
Of those dutcssuch as surveying the coasts, making
geological explorations providing public buildings and
promoting the cultivation Of arwhch by some arc
meDt and by others as beyond the sphere Of its legt
| mate functions.
Great as tho increase Of expenditure has been, is
similar to what has taken place under most of the govern
ments Of Europe and its total in this last year. the great
est has yet reached SIS million dollars (say
eli 600 0OO which includes the charge for the debt
| small sum- considering the vast territory OF the
United States and the lmount Of the population as COM
Europe Not many months ago the expenditure was repre-
scented by opponent Of the States at f22 and
tho NJ mir Ioht about
was carefully kept out Of view. At the time Il IS
plain that the government of the States is infected with
the terrible disease which has wasted and destroyed many
Of monarches Of Europe and dangerous them all
In 1858, to meet the expenditure the government had
s3 600 On the current year ending June 80, 1885,
it has already borrowed $40 and authorized to
SS besides Issuing notes
the ordinary for the current year at S5S oo0
taking the customs sat az only 80 oo but making with
pendure is calculated at s74 5000 or Il 900 less
Of the economy which the President has recommended
the Congress and person connected with the State
to adopt their rule Of conduct Thus the expenses Of
the current year are provided for and balance Of
81 900 expected TO be in the treasury at its close
must nov povas for 1850 the
ges of the people, and believing that reaction In the
trade and business Of the country has commenced and
n e ss TO
$780, the lard to o0 and the miscellaneous
with the Balance q 81 Coz for the yeSr ooo
Tie estimated expense Of the year *s 900 leaving
be required to make up the deficiency Of the Post Office
revenue that increased means to the extent of 81
expenditure The President wisely sets his face against
increasing the public debt In order to provide for the
raordinary expenses Of the governments and accordingly
he proposes that the deficiency for 1860 shall be met by
an alteration In the rates Of customs duties.
At present there few imports, such as tea, burnt
bones books charts dyewoods fax &C., which are free
but all articles not expressly denomnaed ree and not
otherwise provided for are subjected to an ad ualorem
ported however is placed in schedules, and subject to
rates Of duties varying from per cent to 49, "a and
per cent ., Mr. COBB the Secretary 70 tn, tn Treasury
specvey TO TO- 49, 20 and Is cent thus restoring
the decimal system. the departure from which he
by which he expects to increase the customs revenue
81 0oo he proposes to select certain articles not yet
schedules. We not yet in possession Of information
but W. nar have Sr ms % dTe q Us
the great vacllatons have recorded tho customs
revenue that It uuwse in the government to trust al
most exclusively 70 Tor revenue, and now, in spite Of
The President prefers specific to cd vaorem duties, but
r. a at g the
legislation Of the States, IKE the old leeisla.
industry in order o make the country indie.
pendent that tariff strictly for revenue had ever
vernment proposes to continue tariff for projection
No the articles TO be subjected to higher duties will
sh w 10 give
tected and reduced TO distress will be further protected
! ensuring the continuance Of their distress.
TO enter at the end Of article into argument
against the system Of protection, which has by modern
experience been so completely overturned that
We shall only say in Mr. Cobbs language, that awhen
the government taxes articles which made in the coun-
try the consumer pays tax not only the quantity i'm
ported but on the quantity made ut home and this
FAR goes not into the treasury but 10 the manufacturer
Such tax Is extremely burdensome and grossly I'm.
equal The homo producer is benefited at the expense
Of the consumer" The unjust system of taxation
which Mr. Cobb is to continue is terribly costly and
by continual conflicts between the merchants ana the
treasury not less than SO 600 the Of collect
ing about $40 600 in 1858 In uniayorabe years the
collection OF the customs in the States at
least a per cent It is, therefore, wasteful well
unjust and corurting.
vousy based on the principle that trade is subordinate
revenue, and may be annoyed eeced 10 any extent
which seems TO serve the purpose OF government This
remnant of the old system right divine which regarded
subjects made for rulers not rulers for bects pre-
Trade between different countries however, is only an
extension of trade between individuals 1t out the
division Of labor which to all mankind, and is
essential TO the welfare and the growth Of society.
Government should rather protect the rights OF
than trample them II trade existed only supply
the wants Of treasury.
THE RIGHT OF SEARCH AGAIN.
THE EFFECT IN ENGLAND OF THE VISIT OF TIE
BRITISH OFFICERS TO THE WASHINGTON, AT SAN
JUAN DEL NORTE.
From the london Times, Dec. 2a.]
In our impression OF Saturday there account,
taken from an American paper Of tho failure OF the at
tempt TO open the Nicaragua transit The story
gular and even touching one for the snerngs of the
unhappy passengers who embarked the faith that
company would be able TO perform It's promises
truly ptiable Two ships the Washington and Hermann
were employed in this enterprise The Washington
70 bring the passengers from New York San Juan
Greytown they were then to ascend the river il small
steamer and embark board the Hermann at San Juan
del SUR the Pacific coast The msfortunes Of the
petition commenced az the Washington entered the
harbor Of San Juan First she boarded by officer
Of the Jamestown TO know whether she had not busters
on board Not long after boat from the vaorous and
another from the Leopard British rigates boarded her.
and similar Inquiries made. However, nothing
pcous appeared and the Washington was left alone. The
afternoon the river steamer Catharne Maria started
up the San Juan to discover II the Hermann actually
waiting the other side Of the Isthmus. About seven
miles above the mouth, the Catherine Maria grounded
sandbank, and the consequence return 10 Grey
town. An attempt then made 10 ascend the Colorado
branch, which flows into the miles south of the
harbor The boats assembled TO certain point and then
al