The weekly hawk-eye. [volume] (Burlington, Iowa) 1858-1860, 1859-06-21

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In this Diet there are on ordinary affairs sew
enteen votes, Of which the German kingdoms
and larger duchies have one each, amounting
to eleven, and the other six votes are divided
amongst the MINOR States and free towns in
clusters. When, however, the Diet is formed
into General Assembly, for making or alter
ing ito fundamental laws and other graver mat
tiers, the votes are increased to GO, of which the
Kingdoms possess four each, the larger duchies
three, three of the smaller duchies two each,
and the other confederated Powers one vote
each. By article 63, the States Of the Confed-
Grafton engaged to defend, not only Germany
in its entirety, but also each individual State of
the Union, in case of attack, and reciprocally
guaranteed to each other the States then COM
prised in the Union.
1t will be at once observed that the system of
voting 90 laid down necessarily and unavoidsbly
gave the smaller States an undue and fictitious
Importance in the Federal Diet, and led to the
cultivation of separate interests amongst the
minor coniederates by the two great monarchies
Of Austria and Prussia, between which well de-
fined riva!ries and jealousies existed.
THE ARMY CT THE CONFEDERATION.
The Confederation keeps Q large standing
army, amounting to 562,7S5 men. The army is
comprised of ten corps d'armee, furnished by
the several States, as follows: Austria furnishes
three corps; Prussia, three; Bavaria, one, the
Northern States between them, one; the South
ern, one; and Southwestern, one. The mil
itary Commission OF the Federal Army is CON-
posed of Field Marshal Joseph de Schmerng,
President and Colonel Leopold Baron Rzikow-
sky de Dobrschitz second Penipotentsry, rep.
resenting Austria; Major General Dannhaur,
first Plenipentiary, and Major General Freder-
lex Thwardowski, Second Plenipotentiary on the
part of Prussia; Major General Charles de Liel,
Colonel Fred. Bayer d'Ehrenberg, of the Wur-
temburg service; Major General Sentler de Loot
zen, service of Baden; Colonel Charles Frey,
service of the Grand Duchy OF Hesse; Colonel
Gus.ave w. de Spiezel, service of Saxony; Ma
jor General G. 4. Aug. de Panhuys, service Of
Luxembourg; Colonel Charles Fred. Shultz. ser
vice Of Hanover; and Colonel Scheffer, service
of Mecklenburg -Schwerin. The Commander.in-
Chief is Field Marshal Chevalier Joseph de
Schmerling, and CommandaEt of Frankfor. the
Prussian Lieutenant General Count de Goltz.
The organ and representative of the Confed-
Grafton is the Diet of Plenipotentiaries, which
is permanent, and assemblies in the free city of
Frankfort-on-th the Maine. Tho Diet is constituted
in two forms 81. As . .gsneral assembly
(pleaaum), in which every member has at least
Que vote the great Powers have several, viz ::
Austria and the FIVE kingdoms have each four
votes; Baden, Hesse-Cass' J, Hesse-Darmstadt,
Ho,stein and Luxembourg, each three Bruins
wick, Mecklenburg Schwerin and Nassau, each
two; the other States each one making, alto
gether, seventy. In the making or altering
fundamental laws in the admission Of new MEM
bers into the confederacy, and in religious mat
tiers, unanimity is required. In all other cases,
two thirds of the votes Of the general assembly
ere necessary for the adoption Of any measure /;
so that, in point of fact, unanimity Is required
in almost all important cases, except in the de-
claration of war, or conclusion of peace. The
other form ofishe Diet is the ordinary assembly,
in which the thirty -nine members OF the general
assembly have but seventeen votes. Austria,
Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, Hanover, Wurtem-
berg, Baden, Hesse Cassel, Hesse-Darmstadt,
Holsten and Luxembourg, have each one vote
an The other votes are collective. The
twelfth is given by the grand duchy and duchies
of Saxony (Ernestng branch); the thirteenth
nv Brunswick and Nassau; the fourteenth by
teenth by Oldenburg, the three houses of An
halt and the two Schwartzburg houses the six
tesnth BY Hohenzollern, Lichtenstein, Lippe,
and Schaumburg Lippe, Reuss and Waldeck I;
and the seventeenth by the four free cities.
This assembly brings forward and discusses
propositions, which must be decided in the pie
n,sn,, or general assembly lin which there is no
dscussion). 1t also executes the DEGREES OF
the Diet, and, in general, manages the affairs Of
the Confederation. 1t decides by simple ma
iori.y OF nine votes. Austria presides in both
Diets, and has the casting vote in the smaller
assembly. The deputies have the character Of
plenipotentiaries, are responsible to their res
peetive governments only, ard are, therefore,
governed by the instructions Of their courts,
not by their own convictions. The sessions of
the Diet are partly confidential lin which the
preliminary conferences take place, and OF which
no journal is kept, and partly formal. Disputes
between the members Of the Confederation, the
Diet first sndeavors to compose by committee.
II this does not succeed, legal process is COM
menced, and the supreme court OF one OF the
States OF the Confederation is chosen by the par
ties to settle the dispute in regular, judicial
way. The chief objects of the German Confed-
Grafton are the following:
l. The independence and integrity of the
States; with this is connected the right OF ex
aiming the disputes between members of the
Confederation and foreign States, and OF obi
cling the former to yield, if they are judged to
be wrong.
Q. The mutual protection of the States
against each other, or the preservation Of the
Confederacy.
8. The. internal tranquility of the separate
States is left to the care of the respective gov
ernments; but in case of the resistance of the
subjects TO their government, the Confederation
may assist the latter. The coniederacy may
even interfere, without being called upon by
the government, If the connections are OF q
dan eerous tendency, or if several States are
thr eateped BY dangerous conspiraces. A cen.
trail commission for political examinations is in.
sttuted at Mentz, which has been engaged for
number of years in the investigation Of rev.
olu,ionary plots.
4. The establishment of representative con-
situations in eli the States belonging to the
Cor federation.
s. The establishment Of three degrees Of ju
rsdiction.
6. Legal equality Of all Christian denomins
lions.
7. The establishment Of common civil Law
in Germany, the liberty Of emigration, and the
right of the subjects of each State to hold real
property in every other State Of the Confsdsra-
ton.
s. The regulation Of the legal relations o
the mediatized princes of the old empire.
These provisions we're first settled BY the
Fundamental oct Of the 9Th June, 1915, and con
frmed, according to decree of the Congress
of Vienna, "a the constitution Of the Confeder
alton, Jane 8, 1890.
The Davenport Uowa) Democrat says that AZ
official letter from Kossuth to Q Hungarian exile
ct that place has been received, requesting hin
to take immediate steps toward embarkiug fol
Hungary. From the tenor of the letter II woult
appear that Kossuth Was engaged 10 raising ~
army.
An exchange gosth Il thus 4 lady In lndi-
ana has obtained divorce from her husband
because be always laid with his back 70 her,
All wrong The woman might have got over on
the t'other side of him Il beats oil what queer
laws Indiana has got.
A lady friend Of ours says the 6rst time CHI
vas kissed, she felt like big tub Of roses swim
ming in honey, cologne, nutmegs and crsmbsr
ries. She also felt something running through
n - -A~A -.