New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-08-12
E L r q p E.
BY THE ARABIA'S MAILS.
THE STATE OF EUROPE.


Ministerial eIpsD stioDs touching the state of Italy
AID the D. ace OF VlIlsfrancs. Lord Johu Rlsse's
statement was lucid, impartial and liberal; Il
sereed 10 all points With the views of the great
majority Of the public, which / haze communicated
10 you in my recent letters II characterized the
bases OF peace as basry, insufficient, and lmpract
cable. except SIS concerns the cesson of Lombirdy
10 Sa'dlni. Lord John recspitul,trd the objec.
tlOrs hlch the proposed Confederation Of Italy Is
lllely TO rsi.e, and thtrefrom drew the conclusion
that the ides, excellent III itself was altogether
| lmpracticable Au.tris, SsrdiDla and the Pope
cabot meet Il cether on the same ground without
changing their nature. Freedom Of the press
Constitutional guarantees, and religions liberty are
the vial principles of Sardiuii by which alone che
s'talned her presert pos tion. and which she can
not sive up without abdcating her leadership Of
lts!; while these very same principles constitute
the greatest enemy which the house OF Austria
ever had. on enemy which she had fought agaln. ia
Spain AID in Belgium. 10 Germany snd Bohemis,
10 Hungary aid Italy for three long centuries on
The battle field and in the cabinet, by day aud by
night. And the Pope the very idea Of c0ustitu-
toDsl resrr,iDt upon him is 8 protest against bis
authority, against bis preteDsiors of itf,llbllty,
against he position a. head OF the Church. When
Gutte1 berg invented printing, the Pope At once ia-
yeLted censorship, ADD rel gous lioer y has always
been restrained al h cOmmaBo by the State. > ch
aptseoJistc elements can never iuse. cOniede-
Iatlun between those who hold them Is simply an
mpGsslbllity.
No less trouble is to be expected from another
point OF the bases agreed upon at NIlairsnca-I
mean The restorstion "f the Archdutes IT, Modeni
ard to Tuscany. We have nos the official statement
Of Lord John Russell III continuation of our views,
ihSi The Emperor Napoleon does not luteDd to take
back the Grand Luke of Iu.caUy to Florence; nay,
tba, be- will prevent the Austrlans from relnsatDg
him. Under such circumstances 1t Is only natural
that The Grand Duke should at hast De mas done,
Allocate IN favor If his But this step, which
in May would have saved the throne, Is nov OF no
avail The young Archdube, wto Is now the pre-
tender 10 Tuscany, has 10 party among the lus-
cans. He had the impotence to be present
at SolieIno stirred IN the regluientals OF al Aus
irisD General a fact which hr now tres to explain
svay by saving that he was only loOher-on. And
If deed | sm disposed Ia believe that ne Kept out
ot dagger and Gic not stain his hand with Italian
blood: fact, which, however, shows Only COW
aIdice bot Italian sympathles with con-
stituiional freedom. Such berg the case,
his Tor, mise Of governing Tuscany accord
ipp. and notwithstanding bis layl.h expendl-
lure of money. he has not yet succeeded IN ere
stipr disturbance which alone might induce Ma
poleun 10 occupy Tu,cany with military force,
snd TO practice ballot. stusg 10 favor of the young
archouke. The Duke Of AlOdeua, stlti-necsed
nartD.t, al officer vi the Austrian scno0, ms
chosen toder course. lie Is putting Austfihh
soldiers into M0denese reglmentals, calling them
volunteers buying artillery from the Austrlan5,
ard preparing an expedition against Modeha.
Fsriri however. the historian of Italy. Is no" at
the h, id Of affairs ia the Ducby, M more AZ Sar-
6inisn Commissioner but as frcel! elected cGlci OF
the Adm nstraton, and Is collecting troops armlng
for action, and preparing to make the most 'lgor-
Gus defense. Thus In spite OF the basis 81 peace,
We mny soon see an aru ed conflict on the 20, of
which tie Austrans and French VIII be spectators,
LORD john giving NJ pOsflye assurance that such
pm tal wal on IA small scale would be prevented by
ibt ~ Powers The most characteristic portion OF
the fclal statements WAS however, their complete
silence as regards the Duchess OF Parma. No
body seems to care for her, and her Ducny hts 50
exactly INTO the new boundaries OF Sardinia, that
il seems quite natural as well for tue ioterest Of
Victor Emanuel. that il should be annexed to DIS
pos,e.slons The natural solution Ot the difficulty
would be Ia place her on the throne OF Tuscany,
but she refuses II, unl-ss the house OF Lorraine
reDouLces It's right TO the Grand Duchy.
And what is to be done with the legations
NspoI, ON has guaranteed To the Pope the contlnu-
snce Of his temporal power, but Bologna and
Ferrara, With ali the provinces, have thrown on
IN, ,ole of the Cardn legacy, and refuse 10 re-
turn under the papal authority. They are too
strong TO be reduced by the Swiss r. gments and
neither Gen. Sir Henry Schmidt, Dor Gen. kaloer-
matter is able 10 stand fight with l'en Alezz0-
cepa and his RomagnOles. The municipalities ad-
minister the affairs III the best way, without dis
order. disseDsions, anarchy-a fact which proves
the fitness of the people t govern themselves
Who .hall now furce them 10 submit 10 The f1p"
Austria would, OF cOurse, Ike To DO IL lor the
fourth time .nce Isl5 but Napoleon will not per-
mil il He himself might have done il a few years
400. but to-day he refuses, and declares that To
owe garrison to Rome is the only duty he VIII per-
form tor the Pope. How, them Is this dhculty to
be solved unless by Congress. or Conference oil
ite great Powers England, rs We heard yester-
day, has no objection 10 such proceeding pro-
yld.d there 10 ID Object Tor II, aud suihcebuy
great 6ed OF action. Austria, however, OBJECTS as
vel 10 such an arbitration But the bait OF unl-
yersal disarmament, thrown out oy France, VIII D.
eagerly eau. BIT BY the great PoSers and we 90 not
doubt therefore that within few months aud
not l,ng after the Conference of Zurich, during
the parliamentary recess Indeed, great held Tor
European diplomacy will be opened.
While Italian affairs III muddIe, German
sfsrs are in q scarcely more satisfactory state.
| The chickering's between AurtT!d ahd rIusslh' oe
tween Southern and Northern Germany, have at
la, ope,e ed the eyes of the Germans t. the utter
r.ficieucy of the Federal Diet IT Frankfort even
for defensive purposes Men of all parties even
the King OF Nuremberg, came 10 the CONCLUSION
that something must be done 10 strengthen the
bond Of union between the thrrty-six States; and
the old King is ready 10 give up one portion OF his
sovereign power viz, that which relates t. t0reign
sfIaifs, IN order 10 secure the interests OF TIER
a ~ los.
OF pace agreed upon 81 Viairanca, but the I'm.
L.. .,,nra VI IN sea III. harrlnnmenr OF this