, 1859-05-31

ter than that OF conquest. Venice, on toS
contrary, WAC Republic, or more properly,
an independent aristocracr, until 1898, when
1t was occupied by the troops Of tho French
Republic under Napoleon Bonnpa1tc, and ced-
ed to Austria By the French Assembly in COM
pensation for Lombardy, which became part
ofthe Cisalpina Republic. The title to tho We
uetian States is therefore that Of robbery mere
ly. All arguments based upon present pos
session Of Lombardy and Venice are argu.
ments Of the sword and liable at any time to
In rsfuted by the sword. The Congress Of Vi
enna, it is true, confirmed the title in Austria,
asit also confirmed France to the Bourbons'
but it WAS never contended that the moral
rights in either case were any stronger than
the armies which backsd them up: 1t may be
remarked here that since the Congress Of Vi
emma, Austria has been constantly striving to
extend her power in other parts Of the PENN.
sula, and France has been constantly en-
ployed in restricting it to 1ombardy and VEN
ice A direct collision WIS very narrowly
avoided in 1882, when Louis Philippe sent q
aquadron to occupy Ancona in the Papal do
minions, to offset certain advantages which
the Austrians were supposed to be acquiring
at the expense Of the Holy See.
Austrian Lombardy is composed Of the
Ducllies Of Milan and Mantua, the former in-
cluding the city and territory Of Milan proper,
tho county Of Anghcira on Lake Aaggiore, the
picturesque territory Of Como, Pawn, and the
territories Of Lodi and Crcmona. The princi-
pal cities aro Milan, (about $4,000 inhabi-
tants), Mantua 81, 1000, Monza 10000, Como
$4,000, Payia {2s,ooo), Lodi (l5,oool and
Cremona {2Gooo). The Austrian spoils Of
Venice embrace nine Italian provinoes-the
Dogoda Of Venice including the city, the fence
Of islands before 1t and narrow belt Of coast,
the territory Of Padua, Polesina, Verona, the
Vicentine territory, the Brosecian territory, the
seszitory of Bergauo, the province Of Trsviso,
and the ancient dukedom Of Friuli. The prin-
clpal cities are Venice Q26,ooo), Psdua (54,-
ooo) Verona (5o,oool yicenza (a5,oool Udino
(27,ooo) Legnago {l2,ooo). Austria holds also
the Vattelne lands, mountainous district ia
ken from the Grisons, Of which the chief towns
are Sondrio and Bormio.
The government Of the kingdom, which is
administered with savage rlgor, is divided into
two departments, those Of Milan and Venice.
These arc again subdivided into II provinces,
225 districts and 3,0S7 commuaes. Religious
observances arc maintained by two
Archbishops, IS bishops and about $4,000
priests. The Austrian army in time Of
peace is estimated at 10000 men, all
foreigners. Tho revenue Of the kingdom
ranges from SEC, 900, 900 to S25, 900 900 per an
mum, raised upon articles Of consumption In
the towns and cities, all the necessarics Of life
arc subject to tho consumption tax, which is
collected with the utmost punctuality. The
chief article Of export is raw silk, the
quantity Of which raised in the kingdom has
trebled since 1925, amounting now to over
10000, 900 lbs The preparation Of the silk
employs between one and two hundred thous.
and persons. Tho other principal articles ol
export are iron, mined in limAeed quantities in
Bergamo and Como, hemp WOODEN 1nanufac
turcs and paper. The chief imports are cotton
g1ain, WOO. olive oil, salted fish, sugar, coffct
aud manufactured goods Venice is one Of thret
largo Austrian ports-thc others, Trieste and
Fiume-and was formerly mistress not only O.
the Adriatic but Of the trade Of Eastern Ell
rope. Latterly, however, Trieste las largely
ontgrown her in commercial Importance. In
1850 tile imports Of Venice amounted to about
100000; at Trieste, to over $l7,000,000.
The area Of the Lombardo- Venetian kingdom il
25,S25 square miles.