The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-07-27


The Italian Confederation created by Napoleon III.
as settlement Of tho affairs Of Italy consequent upon the
peace with Austria appears 70 have been suggested
by the Confederation Of the Rhine, which Napoleon l.
was tho cresor and protec After tho elder Napoleon
had whipped Austria out Of Italy and driven her into
peace the Emperor Francis obliged to sign the treaty
OF Lunevie, no only Emperor Of Aulra, but in the
name Of the German empire" Belgium and all the left
bank OF the Rhine again formally oeded to France,
Lombardy WAS erected INTO an independent State, and
the Adge was declared the boundary between II and the
domnions Austria Venice, with all It's territorial pos
sessions far ~ the Adge, were guaranteed TO Austria
with the moderation as Napoleon III. comedies the
same territory now. Tho latter has NOT however, yet
received the left bank of the Rhine tho qud quo.
The article which compelled the German Emperor to
sign this treaty, a. head Of the empire, as
well Emperor Of Austria, gave rise 70 divi
sions in Germany which prepared the way for
the Confederation Of the Rhine By fundamental law Of
the empire the Emperor could not bind the Electors and
States OF which he tho head without their
renee The Emperor long hesitated before he signed
condition which LEFT the seeds Of dscord in tho Germanc
body but he had alternative The result the dis
solution of the empire after existing for thou
sand years. and the formation Of the Confederation OF the
Rhine i'll 1906 FIVE years after the peace Of Lunsve
Two years before this event Napoleon rst formed the
received addresses from all the German posnates
on the right bank of the Rhine His object the
tension of his power into the heart of Germany, and
Responding reduction Of the power of Prussia and Austria
The design Of Napoleon brought 70 maturity by the
enthusiasm kndled among the lesser States Of Germany
by tho victories In which they had shared under the
standards Of France, the Of Austria and the
royal dignity which these victories had elevated their
soveregns 1t highly important to him TO have such
outwork beyond the great frontier rampant Of the
Rhine and their contngents Of troops would place nearly
fourth Of the military force Of Germany 1t his disposal
treaty was made between Napoleon and sixteen Princes
Of Western and Southern Germany occupying States In the
valley Of the Rhine Its object declared 70 be to
external and internal peace By the act OF Coafede
ration the States declared themselves severed forever
from the Germanlc Empire; rendered Independent
of any foreign Power, placed under the pro-
lection CT the Emperor OF the French, and any
hostility committed against any Of them was to
be considered declaration Of war against the whole
The military contiDgenis to be from France
2cocC0 men, from the German States So goo men, fur
nshed in proportion TO population Subsequent expe
rience proved that Napoleon received military aid 10
double tina. amount This WAS the most important move
ment Napoleon bad yet made to strengthen his empire.
At stroke sixteen millions of transferred to
his alliance from the empire of the Casars inherited from
Cbarlsmagne and Francis taught Lesson at Austerlz
reponr ced the throne by solemn deed, and declared
himself the first Of series OF the Emperors Of Aus
tria. Thus ended the German empire.
Napoleon vas elected Protector Of the Confederation
and be controlled until It's dissolution Napoleon III.
will probably control the Italian Confederacy. Perfect
liberty OF conscience established through all the
States All disputes Of the princes 10 BIO settled at
the Diets of the Confederation, and to dust differences
two courts Of justice were to DO established Though
Napoleon was chosen PROTECTOR of the COME.
deraton, he was not recognized as chief to whom the
rulers Of the several States be subject Over the
Diet which was to meet al Frankfort on the-MAin, a
"prince Primata to DO President AT the death of
every Prince Primate his to be appointed
by the Protector Of the Confederation of the Rhine No
member of the to enter the service Of
any State not included in the Confederacy any
member to be allowed TO cede his sovereignty in favor OF
any but confederate The chief members of the Con-
ederacy besides France were Bavaria, Wirtemberg,
Baden, Berg, Darmstadt and Nassau.
To counteract this league Prussia formed the idea OF
Northern German Confederacy under her protection but
war with Napoleon put end to the project, when
the Eector Of Saxony after having separated from Prus
sa, assumed the title Of King and entered the Con-
federation. His example was followed by the Eve
Saxon Dukes, and several Other Princes and Dukes.
The kingdom Of Weatphaa, formed Of the provinces
conquered from Prussia other States and assigned to
Jerome Bonaparte was likewise added TO the Conredera
ton by the constitution confirmed by the French Emperor
November 1907 At length the Confederation extended
over space Of 126 leo square miles, the Confedera
ton forces increased to 49, men, The year 1918
put end to the existence Of the Confederation The Kings
Of Bavaria and wrtemberg and other princes withdrew
from the alliance Of Russia with Prussia and Napo
Icons loss Of the battle Of Lepsc which drove him back
behind the Rhine nastened the complete dissolution of
thao To thau 1ooo ~
rope against Napoleon most of the remaining members
the Confederation gave their adhesion and those who re-
fused had their territories Immediately eccnpied by the
allied ar mics.
This Confederation the origin Of the Germanc Con-
federation, which established by the Holy Alliance,
after the triumph Of the allied at Waterloo, consist
Ing Of thirty eight independent States including the
German States Of Austria and Prussia. The German
States have been 30 far kept from external and inter-
nal disorder but there chance for improved aud free
government for by law adopted by the Diet no const
tuition Of any State be changed without being submit
ted to the Diet and any revolution may be suppressed 10
any State which the Diet considers dangerous to the safety
Of the Confederation. The article which declares thA.
there shall be constitution in every German State ex
planned away by those who have the power to vote black
white and call the government of Prussia constitutional
Thus the influence Of Austria, Prussia, and the other
despotc princes in the Diet, always keep down
popular reform in every State. Austria, Prus.
sa, saxony, Bavaria, Hanover and Wirtemberg
have each four votes Baden and four other
States three votes EACH Brunswick and two Others two
votes EACH saxeWemar and SAKE Coburg. Gotha with
tho rest one vote eachhere being sixty nine votes in
ALL There are .hrtyf monarchical States and four
free cities represented.
How far The Confederation TO be modelled after
thjs or after the Confeo aton Of the Rhine,
yes left in Ignorance but from t rope oelns sp
pointed President of the Confederation, ~ Inc
Confederation Of the Rhine followed ano '"' '"0
prince prinate" the Pope appointed by Nspo,ev.'
while the Emperor OF the French Is to be the
"protector," whether be ia expressly called
not in the articles Of the Confederation. BY
the constitution Of me Germanc Confederation the Diet
elects it, President and It's Commander in chief
and declares war or makes peace II In like the United