, 1859-01-27

We are now in the condition Of the New Eng
land States. our timber protection is wanting,
and until We make up the deficiency, We must
: be cnutcaf With The present. uncertainty of the
! crops, or build gtsaa houses. l have always
i been an adu1irer of the beautiful prairie. and
| delight to see the gentle zephTTB kiss the waV-
ing blodes that clothe its ample sweep. I al
mast worehip the groves as sacred, that lie like
Islands upon its botom OF sea like verdure. Bat
! when sre the hand Of m8n planting the forest
that will soon make stately lines OF elumps of
| sylvan growth. there arises sort Of deyotlou-
| looking up through nature to higher power.
| who has given US such legspns and endowed man
I with the perceptions aud power 10 modify the
| cltmate, and by art 10 change the normal cdndi-
| ton OF the material world. Do We lind the na-
tive fruit cpon high sRel!s Of prairie; upon
blank, unprotected ridges Of woodland IN the
sfifts OF the groves beyond the protection of
The underground, or do We ind the grape thrust
ing itself into open spnce beyond the leafy cau-
opy Of It's protecting tree? Most asauredIY not.
Bur we find them in the river bottoms under the
outrageous protection Of giant oaks, elms, Inn,
maple ind sycatRpre-ln cozT dells, where the
winds scarcely wave their leaflets -on the edges
OF the groves. closely surrounded by body
guard of hazle, matted with shrubs snd vines,
secure from the intrusion Of the blast.
Shall We be wise: Shall We LOOK to the va1ue
oi the artificial torests? Shall We choose the
then follow tbs untrsiug rules adopted bF the
great Giver, to ensure rich return for our
laborY When ne have done this, We shall
have accomplished more than supply of fruit
With all ita train Of blessings; for these belts of
timber will rob the atmosphere Of its deadly
malaria, and the rossate hues Of health will
not blauch beneath the kiss Of the summer
zephYrs.
You do not place your hot-beds exposed to the
bleak Winds OF March. where its genial heat is
robbed By the keen blast. You seek some warm,
cozy corner, with generous, open front to the
san, closely protected from ill lntruding wind.
Why not give Jour orchard the same protecting
care, especially when that care j. more lhlu IT,
paid IN other advantages. ueel MT repeat to
}''u ca-ss where incidental ptotecilpn las shown
call mind such isolated cases as will set you 10
CONSIDER the :5Ee:lt value ut protection.
Soiue Que asks which sl4 of the orchard most
needs this proposed belt Of artificial forest? will
reply 1!aat, III general terus, all sides need
il; but, mot Of all, tile south and west An
EASTERN :sspcc: IS Most desirable, from the fact
that tic 1uprnjng sun is less injurious to the
tset, ii is soon batlled in warm utmos-
rhcre, provided flat the wind i; nut allowed
to carry eff the diurnal heat Towards sunaet
the earth begins 10 cool, and il then becomes
desirable that in winter the heat be withdrawn
from The naked branches SO that they maY grad
pag cool OF, and not receive that sudden check
which d southern or western inspect would give
them. The o5iect Of ou eastern aspect then
is to withdraw tbe sun from the naked branches
an hour or t~o before it sets, and this end can
BIZ o5taiuea bT belt Of timber Us veil as By the
lnserpohltlou OF an intervening ridge Of laud.
The east aide of the orehord is the least exposed
to dsuger, from the fact that the temperature Of
the east wind is more uniform, md being gen
er2l1y the precursor Of rain, is quite temperate
even in winter; but no sooner dues it change TO
the ~est. iha1 We experience sudden change
OF temperature, and hence tie necessity Of
donbly guarding the weat and southwest ave-
rues OF The orchard.
hold that it is not the extreme low tempero-
tnEe thut 60 seriously effects our fruit as in The
sudden changes produced By cur variable con-
tlnentll cllmate. To guard against this change,
nature bus given us the means, and has get US
examples in proluson how 10 use them.
VARIETIES
We will now charge the subject md turn our
attention to the value of varieties. Aud here
our hr6t inquiry leads us back to the IEBt theme,
and We IRE led 10 the inquiry how mauy of t e
tender sorts would prove tender and it'd. .Gereut
bearers il protected ss have before iutimated?
nppIebend that many of our favorites would
be cstled bark to our grounds and Be firmly re-
stored to tayor. In tue winter Of '65-G, when
one wide sweep OF destruction hid dead most Of
The orchard trees north OF the Big Muddy, it SO
depressed the hopes oi The orchasdis,s thut they
have not regalned suilcleEt confidence 10 re.
plant, o3ly On a limited tcale. But oyer this
"1de hwetp Of desoa.ion there remains many
evidences Of the passing By Of the destroying
nigel. 1t is true That aome varieties escaped with
less projection than others, but With few excep-
tsous, all suffered mora or less One OF nv
neighbor6 had tr1e orchard of the Milan. which
stood on au easttr1 slope, aud sheltered by
nea7y forest oa tie cast; near]y eEery tree was
Killed TO t1o ground. and none of Them hare
borne sincr. In fact, tie destruction was com.
plete. In one of my orchards WAS three bearing
trees nj tue Milan; t<o Ct these were pro-
ttcte I'll tlc west ami -uutA by t1ickyt ufpcacl,
;iIld beyond that Il @inse Of locust. These Two
Tees boca fair crop Vi ir1lt tile lo!Iowiu. season
Ihe ofbcr tic" was protected Oh thu west, but not
IN 1An south, au'l WIS seriously injured. Out of
o'er liEtren hundred orchard trees 3utIng aver
t'hc hurdfcd ard iiy vAlicie5, The same result
Mas !nust marked and apparent. The Holland
l;i'rn, Elrly Hlrvest, Red June, G:rrnilg,
Iwthty-on &C rlpria, He'd G:llillowcr, Milan,
Sweet EouSll, English Ku-scis, and many
"'hrrs st"'sd well under the lei. Of i locust g,o,e
"1d t"ie tar efeis the ntNi season, hui where cx
ro>cll, were more or less uaI4."d, and fail, Il To
rr"lnrr trn. while noot ot them have since died.
h"S~ic'1 Goblin, E1wes Janet, :siauu.rd Winter
Eus,ct RlnlsdcFs sweet, Te"k>bury Blush, New
amk 'amisvere, WinrsAp, Famell>e, Summer
E"'e. Cooper, an!i few o14vrs -totd we'll uudtr
'hc rNp'-nfe. anl l'rn'occA:. fair crap Int even
tlicse hore better wrn partially lr"'tc't'i. Bald
"1H. Es"it> >I'iiZ'nhniT, Spic. sweet. Fail pppn
EA1l", Fait wa,rr, wrre killed under csrry
"n ai5 str* sy mturlt ant ARTIFICIAL groves, sold
oSera Thousand l-els ii fruit le 1nIlnwiug sea-
son. tlG he rroecl!uii On the el.t side Mas Ly !.
sI''=ls linz ol locust> planted rod apart; tlc soil
w:!- ll:l!it.
The Cherry las almost BECOME matter Of his
tory il prlilie pvmol".y. II his no: heen ale to
stand tic noa.lrttcclinn system, 1n like tle irun
1neic~t, ueeds home protection, tint it may tllur-
ISL and AXE deep fuot III uur-tor it-.lnlv t tou
Flci *Hl. fir calls May ad Early Richmond,
ont of ! large list, are nearly tie Uny y1tic,.s
Lett, le: u> tr} tllcal within Our magic circle uf
astc al l're:s. aall sec ii they will nor br called
back 10 l;tc
The queen Of frit., tile Peach, has rccelel
soutn III It's way back tni its own SUNNY home, and
Of late we have to ioul atnous the mountains aud
lll'l, Of wer Egypt 10 tiid ,s, one If tile 1cl.-
tSt GItts Of Pomnna. Shall se not bring il back
md plant il gu our northern exposures and with
i'll tle f'rest belt, that tho sudden changes Of
our winter anu The driving Rims q. spring shall
not chill its buds or dash tic ready pollen from
tle opening Il LAYERS.