The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-11-17
EUROPE,
yesterday.
NAPOLEON'S ITALIAN LETTER,

Monsieur Mon Frere | write to-day to your Ma
esty IN order to set forth to you the present stua-
ton of affairs, to remind you of the past, and to
settle with you the Nurse which ought to be follow
ed for the future. The circumstances are grave; it
IS requisite to lay aside illusions and sterile regrets
and to examine carefully the real state of affairs
thus, the queE tion Is not whether | have
done well or ill in making peace at Villafranca but
rather to obtain from the treaty results the most
favorable for the pacificaton Of Italy and for the
| repOse of Europe
Before entering on the discussion of this question,
| | am anxious to recall once more to your Ma
| jesty, obstacles which rendered every definitive
negotiation, and every definitive treaty so diff
cult.
In point of fact war has often fewer complica-
tions than peace. In the former two interests only
! are in presence of each Other-the attack and the
defence; In the latter, the contrary the point is
to reconcile multitude of interests, often of an op-
posite character. This is what actually occurred
| at the moment of the peace. 1t was necessary to
conclude treaty that should secure in the best
manner possible the independence of Italy, which
should satisfy Piedmont and the wishes of the popu
iation, and yet which should not wound the Catho-
| lie sentiment or the rights of the soveregns in
whom Europe felt interest.
believed then, that if the Emperor of Austria
wished to come to frank understanding with me-
with the view OF bringing about this important
result the causes of antagonism which for centu-
| ries had divided these two empires would disap-
| pear, and that the regeneration of Italy would be
! effected by common accord and without further
! bloodShed.
the
! tlal conditions of that regeneration:
Italy to be composed of several independent
! States, united by federal bond.
| Each of these States to adopt particular repre-
! sentative system and sautGry reforms
| The Confederation to then ratfy the principle of
Italian nationality; to have but one flag, but one
| system Of customs, and one currency.
The directing centre to be at Rome which should
be composed OF representatives, named by the sover
eigns from n list prepared by the Chambers in or
der that in this species of Diet the influence of the
| reigning families suspected of leaning toward
! Austria should be counterbalanced by the element
| resulting from election.
By granting to the Holy Father the Honorary
Presidency of the confederation the religious senti-
ment Of Catholic Europe would be satisfied the
moral influence of the Pope would be increased
| throughout Italy, and would enable him to make
concessions in conformity with the legitimate wishes
! OF the populations. Now, the plan which | had
! formed at the moment Of making peace may still
he carried out it your Majesty will employ your in
! fiuence in promoting it. Besides, a considera-
Bile advance mas been already made in that direc-
| tiOn.
The cession of Lombardy with a limited debt is
! an accomplished fact.
Austria has given up her right to keep garrisons
in the strong places of Piacenza, Ferrari and Com
machio.
The rights of the sovereighs have it is true, been
reserved but the independence of Central Italy has
also been guaranteed, inasmuch all idea of for
eign intervention has been formally set aside and
| lastly, Nenetia is to become province purely
Italian. 1t is the real interest of your Majesty as
| of the Peninsula to second me in the deveIopment
of the plan in order to obtain from it the best re-
| suits, for your Majesty cannot forget that | am
| bound by the treaty; and | cannot in the Congress
| which Is about to open, withdraw myself from my
| engagements The part Of France is traced before
| hand.
We demand that Parma and Piacenza shall be
united to Piedmont, because this territory is, in
strategical point of view, indispensable to her.
We demand that the Duchess of Parma shall be
called to Modena.
That Tuscany, augmented, perhaps, by portion
of territory, shall be restored to the Grand Duke
Ferdinand.
That system of moderate (sage) liberty shall bt
adopted in all the States of Italy.
That Austria shall frankly disengage herself from
an incessant cause of embarrassment for the future
and that she shall consent to complete the national
ty Of Fenetia, by creating not only a separate rep
resentation and administration but also Italian
army.
ana Peschiera shall be regarded as federal for
tresses.
And, lastly that Confederation, based on the
real wants as well on the traditions of the Pen
insula to the exclusion of every foreign influence
shall consolidate the fabric of the independence o
Italy.
shall neglect nothing for the attainment of thi:
great result. Let your Majesty be convinced of it,
my sentiments will not vary, and 50 far as the in
terests of France not opposed to it, shall al
ways be happy to serve the cause for which we
have combatted together.
Jalace OF ST. Cloud ZOth OF October 1859.
THE WAR BETWEEN SPAIN AND MOROCCO
a letter writer at Gibraltar gives some accounts
of the war preparations made in Spain for her
coming struggle with Morocco. Very great ex
citement prevailed in the fortress when it was made
certain that Queen lsabella's government woulC
enter into the struggle without fail. No doubt wa
entertained but that Spain would have the active
aid OF France In her military and naval operations
indeed, this communication makes it pretty clear
that the interference of Napoleon the Third is par
and nf hat
from his uncle, of converting the Mediterranean
into French lake. 1t is asserted that if England
had actively betriended Austria during the Italian
campaign, a Franco-Spanish feet and army woulC
even then have attacked Gibraltar. The alleged
outrages of the Riff pirates on Spanish traders ar
said to be much exaggerated and the chastisemen
OF these men is taken as only secondary moving
! cause, whilst it is said that the death punish
, ment of French prisoners taken in Algeria by tn
MOors, which forms the excuse of the French En-
perOr, not very frequent, and executed only il
the manner practised there by the Duke de Mala
koff when General Pessier. The acquisition o
Tangier by France would be an immense advantage
to her commercially, while, in a strategic point o
, view it wound enable her to humble Gibraltar b.
starvation, if not by actual assault in time of wa
with England The position of Great Britain witt
regard to this complication looked on as mos
crltlca for if Gibraltar should be really threaten
ed and her island shores rendered destitute of
protection, in consequence of the great feet requr
ed to protect the Crock )" no person could insur
her safety from actual invasion by France if Napo
= leon decided on such measure. The freedom o
. the trade of Morocco from English monopol,
would, howeve-, be OF great advantage to Ameri
can traders and the commercial world at large.
THE EMPEROR OF AUSTRIA PROMISES NOT TO Dis
: TURB LOUIS NAroLEoN's DYNAsTY.-M. Delvaux ha
f issued pamphlet on the Peace and Zurich Confer
i ences, in which he asserts positively that Franci
: Joseph addresse to Louis Napoleon the foowin
solemn declaration
+ ''Sire,-Permit me to express to YOU frankly m
. | conviction. Ii an alliance with the Revolution
# dangerous for any Sovereign, it is much so 70
/ the founder of n new dynasty. \ Ou and | ar
fathers; let then consider less personal inter
+ ests than the future to leave to our heirs
t and by doing shall the more easily come t
, an understanding. For my part, give the mos
. solemn assurance that ! will never lend myself [
t any coalition intended to promote change of dy
/, nasty in France. Austria has no interest in tn
d matter, and |, free as | am from all engagement
: have no inclination to do So"
It These words observes the author), uttered
a ! they were with the accent Of truth, produced
e marked impress ion on Napoleon H., who admitte
+ the justice of then
= He also says:
= 'In order to put an end to the complications {
| Central Italy, France and Austria have alread
q | agreed to recommend for the adoption of the Con
= gress sort of compromise to this elect-the Gran
l. Duke of Tuscany to return to his States; the Duk
II of MOdena to abdicate in favor of his niece all
J., anced to Duke Robert of Parma, who will becom
Sovereign Of Modena and give up Parma, Piacenz;
d Pontremoli to Sardinia.
d Prosperity OF ENGLAND.-The London Times q
h the 9th ut., SAYS:
! owe are thriving and increasing everywhere o
h every side. The old way was to insist most upo
d exports as the test of prosperity, forefatl
e ers thought that so long man drudged his sou
It out in supplying the wants of all mankind it mat
IS tered little what he got in return. Well, the de
d clared value of exports for the month of last Sep
t tember is more by nearly million than for th
:, same month of the previous year. In few item
lie there is decrease: it is inconsideTable, and tn
h items are unimportant. The chief increase is
4 the great staples of our trade. This too is stes
y DIV and continuous increase. On the first min
1t months of this year it is near twelve millions ste
e ling There is great increase even on the pro
e porous and exceptional year 1857. The abundar
: harvest, indeed has superseded the necessity of
If large import of corn, and in some other thing
o there is slight decrease, owing probably to IL
" accidents of commerce. There is great increa
IF in most of the raw materials of manufacture in
ported and where there is not an increase it admi
d of favorable explanation. All this shows abul
n dance of employment, wages, material progres
if increasing population, and wealth.
rs FOREIGN ITEMS.
l. LOVES LABOR LosT.-A butcher belonging
!. North Shields married wife in the church of q
:, outlying village, and after the ceremony the part
p adjourned to the Coach and Horse, where they r
galed themselves with strong drink. Thence the
ID went to another house, where they had aDoth
Of drinking bout. While so carousing an old swee
heart of the bride dropped in, and while the part
e. in "high iinks he put his arm round h
lie neck and gave her kiss. This enraged the brid
groom, and fight took place. While the riva
in were sparring on the floor, the wife jumped u
v and placing herself between them, took off b.
ring and flung it at the bridegroom, and shortly 8
v terwards made off with her former lover. II