The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-01-17

THE MEXICAN CHAOS.
he D0U'rdlE REVOLUTION At THE CAPITAL
>~o>S~~>~~~~~~>~->~>~~~~S~
hat Gen. RObles Thinks Of the
Country.
~o>~~~~o>~~oo>~~>~~N~
rHE PRIESTS AND SOLDIERS WANT MIRAMON.
Compromises Secuted by the Federatsts.
.ooSNOnN~O~NN1~o~~o.~oSv
NAVAL CONGRESS AT VERA CRUZ.
INDIAN BARBARITIES IN YUCATAN,
&C., &c, TO-
he DoU,rclE REVOLUTION At THE CAPITAL
VAVAL CONGRESS AT VERA CRUZ.

Sncise History Of the Revolaaios-Plan of Ayula-Mea
sures Of Ztloaga Againa it-Fronunciamiesto in tn
Cts-Es Triumph in the Accession of Robles-Area ant
Release Of EcheagarayThe Garrison at Pueba Call fo
Niramon-7he Clergy Conspiring Against Rooles-7h
PueIia and Vera C,1s Commissioners Captured by III
Fsdeyalih-Incidents Of the Rcuolution-The PrcsideH
Message in Merico-General Ne,os, de-, dc.
In order TO lay before the readers of the HERARD
rehensive idea of the important events which have
here since the date Of my last letter (on the
0,h) will give you exact diary for the past eight
Ays prefacing this with the Of the fact
hat have had entire and complete downfall Of the
tuoaga administration.
On the 2st ins in the morning, this capital thrown
nto lively state Of excitement by the knowledge Of the
act that on the previous evening" at the village Of Ayuta
few leagues from this the Vera Cruz road General
guel Maria dc Echeagaray had against the
overnment and modestly declared himself President of
be republic As this plan is interesting and in part
ruthfu although visionary as all Mexican declarations
vii here give 1t to you entire:-
PLAN OF AYUTIA.
For than thirty seven years our unfortunate re-
publc has been furnishing To the civilized world BAD
IMPLIES of the most shameful immortality plunged az has
been into contempt and aicton by the tyrannic and
suped power Of parties civil conducted without quar-
without CESSATION has covered with and blood
be vast expanse Of favored land 1t easy predict the
erbe consequences saudest Of damages which must
from ratrc dal that s carried on with such
smeDtabe desperation by the political factions and these
will be Impossible to prevent so long as Intolerance aud
xcuSiveness exist AT time, at the present. have
he passions been SO aroused-never were reproduced
Buch batreds.
Two rartes equally exaggerated in their principles and
heir professions dispute with bloOdtr tiness the
bary rule Of the republic and neither with sufficient
force to subdue the other They both rush into continual
rs with equal impotence, leaving not ray Of hope for
hny other end than horrible hmentate anarchy,
In atrocous and shameful vandalism brief agony, and
afterwards tyrannc foreign doninon disguised beneath
haN nf
From end Of the republic to the other great anx
ey for peace exists the people, inspired with the fear
of total destr action Of their interests demand IT, but all
know this cannot be accomplished by proclaimng the
triumph Of Of the exclusive parties contending
for such triumph supposes the prescription of the van
pushed faction and would therefore be ephemera and Of
very short duration In fact, it s impossible TO establish
eove Dment that must commence by assassnang, ban
ishpg mprsonipg half of those who Mcxcans
The nation abhos lceniousDess bat properly loves just
aud moderate liberty de SIS tyranny under whatever
form may be exercsed but 1t never can have faith IN
weak government that deficient Of acton and energy
Since the time that circumstances placed me at the
head Of the forces which compose the Eastern ivson
have followed step by sep the of the revolutions
and have studied with the interest of who has
secrated himself IN GOOD faith to his country the various
seeDes wncn nSve Dcen anu "a aose con-
my present firm and intimate persuasion, that the republic
cannot be radically pacued until regulated by govern
ment influenced by honorable men Of ali parties, and
which shall secure social guarantees 10 the Inhabitants OF
the republc-Iativcs well as foreignersno matter to
what party they may have belonged
II is year since the exaggerated and dangerou
government which then guided the destines OF tn
country instantaneousy disappeared, and in the time
which has elapsed until now, it has not been possible to
establish organize anything On all sides have been
the smouderng heaps Of repeated incendiarsms;
insignificant persons, without antcccdents political
opinions have headed bands Of outlaws and have invaded
esates destroyed crops ruined commerce and disogan
ized society.
The national treasury always exhausted, has fallen
into disgraceful beggary, without the capacity to fur
nsh the supplies necessary 70 the expenses of ad
mnistra,ion; and at times, when small sums have been
obtained by making contracts at usurous rates. the sacr
nce has augmented the misery and after the other,
spectators have enriched Themselves.
The spectacle presented by the army not more fiat
tcrpg for with the rough battling Of parties tho
has been unable TO present sufficient forces to i'm
pede the devastatons of the bandtt The lives of c
in danger and their properties exposed the
exist that centre Of unity in which public administration
consists.
The national good sense has already condemned with
general reproo the disastrous exaggcraons Of the two
stupid theories which it has been tried TO engrat upon
the country-forgesting on one hand the situation and
live in the last half Of the nineteenth century The popu
lar sense, which s rarely in the wrong, has equally re-
proved the constitution Of 1857 with its principles Of dis
t0ted progress and the fundamental principles OF the gov
ernncnt Of Mexico unsustanabe account of rerograde
IDEAS dsasteful to the civilization of the age and 10 those
interests created In the country BY tho governments
The bertnage is hated which now tries to screen itself
beneath ultra constitution democratic as servile
PROCESSION which tries TO embesh itself with those three
yeperated that the national gratitude blcsses in
conjunction with the year 1921.
Excesses Of liberty also Of despotism, are equally
detested, and tho only fruit which has been gathered
from the camtes Of the past year has been the crca
tion Of public enthusiasm which curses all extreme pre-
tensions and desires the enjoyment OF just and pru
dent liberty secured by the energetic action Of moderate
party government.
Guided by these inspirations and resolved above all to
save the nationality at the risk Of losing II civil
tinue, have decided TO proclaim the present Pan for
the prosperous result Of which count upon the decision
and valor Of the division under my command and in the
patriotism Of sensible and honest Mexcans Of all parties,
that they will not delay in arraying themselves under
banner Of concaton and peace, unfured by me, with
the upright intention Of putting period to our dssen-
sions inviting all the intelligent and distinguished OF the
country to participate In the government without dstinc
II is high time that hatred should cease for united
sincerely and fraernay, Mcxcars may yet give to our
unfortunate country day OF satisfaction and glory.
AS my object Is not to crafty aspirations, but to cure
the grave disorders which alct the republic, abstain
from high sounding promises, and wish that for once
course of acts may be entered upon for hope has been
disappointed often enough with promises TO improve the
condition Of the country, from which has sprung right
to doubt every thing, and believe in nothing but acts.
trust Providence will aid in the attainment Of this
work for the sincerity and good faith with which may
procure the salvation Of my country.
Art l. Immediately that the division which will sus
tain the present Plan shall occupy the capital of the re-
public reunion of National Assembly shall be Called
department according to electoral Law which shall at
once be promulgated under the guarantee that all citizens
shall be allowed to vote and be voted for without exccp-
Art O. The mission Of the National Assembly Ia 10 Civ
constitution to the country, without other restriction
than such IL may impose upon ITSELF and II shall have
the most ample time and liberty TO perform s work.
Art g. Six months after the pxbIcation Of tho const
sutton shall be submitted 70 popular vote, and can
only 60 into operation II should receive majority
votes. The provisional government will arrange this
Art Z. The chiefs Of the bellgerent parties shall be
written 10 that they may second the present Pan undo
he guarantee that their positions shall be respected and
AL the past forgotten.
Art O. Meanwhile, TIL the constitution is put in force
Me supreme power shall be deposited In the Gcneraln
Cnei who subscribes In 30 much as shall suffice for the
maintenance Of independence with the exterior and peace
IN the interior of tho republic
MIGUEL MARIA DE ECHEAGARAY.
General Headquarters In AYurrA, Dec. 20, 1858.
This modest and patriotic Plan was sent into this city
the list, and on the same day. little later, demand
came from the gentleman who had aspirations but
who had declared himself in fact, dictator that zuoaga
would once vacate the palace and mako way for the Hero
Of Ayuta The palace doors and everybody
the q uive for the commencement Of hostIcs Echca
garay was reported on the road Zuoagas head man
Gen Pena, the Hero OF HucheIoque, dashng about
with ham oe