Daily national Democrat., 1859-02-16

ana 10 the northern cltleS. Ii you dverged north,
it might tend to draw nothern trade south but if
your divergence is south, it draws the trade of
the southern regions north. would not pre-
scribe either of these results by law. would
make our legislation fair, equal, and Just, towards
all sections fixing the starting point where it is
accessible to all alike; then leave the route to
find its own course according to the geography
of the country and the natural advantages that
would control the selection. | believe if you 90
to circumscriblng the boundaries within which it
shall rum and prescribing certain parallels of lat
itude and say that it shall not 90 south of thirty
seven degrees, even if the best route is there you
drive off southern votes; and if you prescribe by
law that this route shall not go, in any event,
north of 43 degrees, how can you ask the Sena-
tors from Minnesota to support it, when you pro-
vide by law that they shall not be connected with
it? Minnesota is north Of AS degrees and large
portion of Wisconsin is north of 43 degrees =
The upper peninsula of Michigan could not be
connected with road south of 43 degrees The
great line of the lakes runs up through Lake Su-
perior, aiming at route to Puget Sound You
are now asked to provide by law that that ex-
treme northern section should be excluded from
the benefits Of this road and also to provide by
law that the extreme southern section shall be ex-
cluded. In my opinion, by these legislative ex-
clusions you furnish grounds for reasonable men
to believe that they are not to be allowed to share
those advantages which Nature has given them
believe in extending to every section of this
Union every advantage that Nature has provided
for it. Make your legislation fair, equal, lust;
and then, If the Almighty has Disseminated
against either, let him complain of the laws of
God who chooses to do it; but it is not my train
Of thought or disposition.
Mr.. BRODERIcK-The Senator from Illinois is
mistaken IN regard to the northern route. The
people now inhabiting Oregon and Washington
Territories, who have left the Atlantic and Wes-
tern States Travelled over the middle route as far
as the South Pass, and then DETECTED to Vancou-
yer, or up the Columbia river. The distance from
the South Pass to Vancouver is short of eight
hundred miles. The distance BY the extreme
northern route, from Lake Superior to Vancouver,
believe is two thousand one hundred miles,
The Senator from Minnesota (Mr. Rice) saws one
thousand eight hundred miles. believe Cafor-
mia has population of half million of souls
and the Territories Of Washington and Oregon
have about fifty to sixty thousand If you build
the road to California, you can defect from
Bridger's Pass, or the South Pass to Oregon and
Washington, and it will require a road of but
eight hundred miles in length to connect with
those Territories.
Now | will ask the Senator from Illinois if he
intends to vote for a road through California from
Fort Yuma to San Francisco when he can find
direct route across the continent, which, if il be
adopted, will save the necessity of voting for any
other road through the State of California? The dis
tance, Think is eight hundred miles from Fort
Yuma to San Francisco. The Senator from Illi-
nois and the Senator from Missouri are both mis-
taken about the roads along the thirty-second and
thirty-tifths parallels of latitude. They both find
connection at Los Angeles in California.
Mr.. GREEN-No.
Mr.. BRoDERICK-I have map before me show
ing that they connect at Los Angeles, and pro-
ceed from thence through the Tejon Pass to San
Francisco.
Mr.. GREEN-I admit that if you run both roads
to that town they will connect there but the route
If neither touches it.
Mr.. BRoDERIcK-I have before me a map made
out from the reports of the different engineers
Mr.. GREEN-lt is not from the reports 1t is
map so marked as to show where they may reach
the Pacific; but it is not the routes as surveyed
MIR. BRoDERIcK-Neither of these routes can
reach San francisco without passing through
either San Bernardino or Los Angeles, and there
is only distance of twenty-five or thirty miles
between them.
Mr.. GwN-Does the Senator say there is no
route that will enter the Tejon Pass except by
Los Angeles?
Mr.. BRoDEmcK-0r through San Bernardino;
and it is distance of only twenty-five miles at
the furtherest from Los Angeles to the valley that
passes through the country of San Bernardno
Mr.. GwIN--The surveys show practicable pass
es north of the TETON Pass
Mr.. BRoDEMCK--Well, sir, | have map be-
fore me, made up from the surveys of the engin-
eers or explorers, sent to explore the two routes
The Albuquerque route runs down nearly to the
thirty second parallel of latitude.
Mr. GREEN-No.
Mr. BRoDERIcK--I think it goes between the
thirty second and thirty-third
Mr.. PoLK-lt does not 60 south of thirty-five
degrees.
Mr. GREEN-Will the Senator look at the map
and name the point where it comes down that
lowg He is altogether mistaken.
Mr. Ind l,n ~ Al
that it comes down to the thirty-fourth parallel.
But independent of that would ask my colleage
a question. He may be better informed about the
distances through this country than l am.
know more about the populous regions of Cali
ltornla than do of the country lying between
Los Angeles and San Francisco. | would ask
him how far the road will have to travel through
California if it strikes it on that line2
Mr.. GwIN-According to the railroad surveys,
the surveys Of Lieutenant Williamson and Lieu
tenant Parke, there is perfectly practicable pass
Il little north Of the Tejon Pass. The name of
it is pretty hard to pronounce, and | will not
mention il now; but it is perfectly practicable to
enter the TulaTe valley through it. The route on
the thirty-ifth degree, that is the Albuquerque
route, would 20 directly from the Colorado river
to this pass in the mountains; it would never get
AS low as thlrty-four degrees; but would go up
the Muhave river, and cross into the Tulare val
ley, northeast Of the TjOn Pass without even
crossing the coast range at all. will state,
though, to my colleague, that the impression which
has been made on his mind originates from the
fact that the TETON Pass is the very best pass. 1t
is an open pass that runs by San Bernardino
through which you can ride at full gaOp on
mule for SIX miles 1t is the widest and pass dis
covered through the mountains, and hence, all the
surveys that have looked in that direction to the
Pacific Ocean, have looked to reaching San Pedro,
and routes are marked in that way on the map
but the other pass to which | have alluded is as
perfectly practicable.
Mr. BRoDEmcK. My colleage has not answered
my question | want to know the distance.
Mr. GwIN-I cannot tell the distance now,
without looking at the returns. The distance
from the Colorado to TETON Pass is marked down
on the surveys of the two engineers have named
and from there to san Francisco, running either
to the right or To the left, to the east to the west
of the Tuare lakes. | cannot state the distance
exactly, but il is on all the surveys
Mr. BRoDERICK Mr.. President
Mr.. SEwARD-Wll the honorable Senator from
California indulge me with an opportunity to
make motion to adjourn No, no; let us
vote"
Mr.. GwIN-Let us have a vote to-day.
Mr. SEwARD-Let us take the vote tomorrow.
The debate is not ended. move to adjourn.
Mr.. CLARK ask the Senator from New York
to withdraw the motion,
Mr., BIGLER-I call for the yeas aud nays on the
motion TO adjourn.
Mr. SEWARD 1 withdraw the motion.
Mr.. PUGH-I renew the motion that the Senate
adjourn.
Mr.. CLARK am obliged to the Senator from
New York;
The PRESIDING OFF1cER-The Senator from
California had the floor. ..
Mr.. BRoDEmck-I merely wish to state that, in
the event of the failure of the amendment of the
Senator. from Iowa, shall vote for the bill as it
is. will vote for the amendment Of the Sena-
tor from Massachusetts,, and the amendment OF
the Senator from Iowa to that As did not wish
to humbug any Senator by the bill, did not care