The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1859-08-12

W3o0ovcn - - 800 t.xJ
49, ~ s,Stis1 q SAsm IN any sessfA Of
~ ~ i.ss;ss tksjv xr1sv3 81 sAt ecsHsssg voe"'
~ vs.;aa 4 advance Jes Ne hsss Ss~sd.
-. Di.pesch In .LyneAbsrs.
-, \ >. REEL having hen appoinsed A90h.
- ~ dietributioA Of the kicnmona ,.nsaass
a fvnnhhurr will commence AuLhAsnaLe -
u hss - trons in that city on MONDAY hsAss
10 csais per week ----sA.A.--..s
~. H.v.. u Mapsbsrg aad italy.
=, -, .eem little out Of placs ~ this mo
-, ,.sen the war IL IT IN end, and Austria
!. .,sir Isft 20 tyrannixs over Italy - her will.
8 rec.li the various steps By which she con
.,nued 70 ootatn such . preponderant influ- |
,ncs In that unhappy country. Yet we have |
,,en % fcrclbly Impressed with an article upon
Ia, sab3ecs In the August number OF The I
Westminster Rssisss. dat, 81 the risk Of Dor
mr. our readers with IN old tale badly tolc,
~ cannot rsfraia frofn fnrnishingan analysis
ofit
The sstgning family Of Austria claim theii
descent nom RoDoLYA Of Hapsburg, the rep
OF family whose territorial pos
,sssions were originally msagre enough, beinf
Donnns6 70 . castle In the mountainsof Swift
nsriand Marriage with royal heiresses was 'h.
method BY which the House Of Hapsburp
erigsnaily aggrandized itself Within OH
handr~d years, the Emperor MAxINfLrAs
married MARY OF Burgundy, daughter ano
heiress Of On RLKs the Bold, and thereby &C
ea;rsd ali her Immense possessions; his soi
PnfLrp married JOAN Of CASTLE, the mother
Of CnARLHs w., who was not only Emperor
OF Germany, but King Of Spain also, and his
grandson FKRplS AND, ANNE J AGELLos, there
BY aeq uiring title TO Hungary. PHILIP III. o
Spain, the great grandson Of MAxfNrLfAx, AnG
ths son Of CRARLEs ", endeavored TO exseno
The innnsnce of the family by marrying his
cousin, MARY Of England, and, when she dice
without issue, he wished TO marry Queen
EIIgABErH, bat failed. MARIA THEREsA, In
the last century, the last Of the Hapsburgs,
married FaAHofs Of Lorraine, and from her
The present House Of Lorraine Hapsburg
falsely called the House OF Hapsburg) is de-
seended For the last century and half the
house has bee able to do nothing by marriage
TRKDERIcK the Great, when youth, wanted
20 marry MARIA THERksA, but was proven
tsd-and being still ambitious, 1t long ago fell
upon the plan Of Intervention rs q substitute.
II seems ~ have answered the purpose pretty
we'll 20 far.
BY the treaty Of Aix-La .Chapelle, in 174s,
Austria retained none Of her italian posses
sions except the Duchies Of Milan and Mo
dsna but by the peace Of Vienna, In 1885, sh.
had already, In the face Of the ayowed repug-
nance Of the Tuscan people, and in defiance OF
the rights Of the MEDloI family, at that time
represented by JOHN CASTOR, Grand Duke,
aequirsd for FRANCIS Of Lorraine and tho de-
seSudants of his second son, the Grand Duchy
OF Tuscany, nm Austrian army completing the
transfer. Tuscany remained In the possession
OF the descendants Of this line until the treaty
Of Luneville, In 1901. In the meantime, Aus
tria had obtained possession Of large portion
Of the Venetian territory by the treaty OF
Campo Tcrlnio, In 1871, although she had been
deprived Of Mantua and the Milanese, by the
victories Of General BoNAPARTE Thus mat
tsrs continued until the decline of NAPOLEON
power, when, In 1919, at the conference OF
Toeplitx In his anxiety ~ secure the co-opera-
ton OF Austria in the war then going on, the
English ambassador proposed to restore to her
all the possessions which she had formerly
held In Italy, with Venice. The treaty OF
Toep1itx was signed, but Its terms were not
known to the Italians, when Lord WILLIAM
DBHTKIcKE, the English General command
ting IN Sicily, issued proclamation to the
Italians, calling upon them to rise against
France, and offering them nationality as the
reward. This proclaim alton had the effect OF
rousing tho Italians everywhere; and it was
not until the treaty OF Vienna had been pub
lishsd that they learned the infamous fraud
that had been practised upon them, or that they
had been virtually sold to Austria by the repre-
sentative of the only free power in Europe. BY
. this last treaty, Austria not only obtained
possession of Lombardy and Venetia, but a
portion Of Ferrara was torn from it's posses
sors and given to her, while she not only OBJ
tained right Of garrison In the Piedmon tese
town Piacenza, but also the liberty of keeping
strong garrisons In Ferrara and Commachio
towns which belonged to the Pope, agains
the circumstances Of Cardinal CoSsALvI the
minister of the sovereign Ponrih, and til,
solemn protest Of Plus VII. himself. If the
Allies At Vienna ever intended the minor ItaI-
ian States to be free, they rendered their in
tsntions Of no avail by the commanding posi-
ton which they thus gave to Austria, and she
was not backward in taking advantage of it,
She concluded a secret with Tuscany a.
early ~ the l2th June 1915, six days be-
fore the battle of Waterloo, which profess
cd TO he . league for external defence, and
which gave her the right OF interyen ton
whenever II suited her purposes. She mad.
another with the King Of Naples by which
the after engaged TO make no change ia
his administration without her consent
Two Of the Peninsular Powers were thus
completely under her thumb, and she sought
TO crush third, Sardinia, by obtaining the
cossion of Alessandria and the Duomo b Osso-
10, In which she would have succeeded, but
for the positive declaration OF ALEXANDER l.,
Emperor OF Russia, that Ne would not permit
II. Another scheme Of Austria, that of q fed.
Grafton Of the Italian provinces under heI
Prsaidentship, was foiled by The opposition of
Russia. In iS30, the spirit Of nationality.
first reused by NAPoLxoN, and afterwards
appealed to by Austria against him, in 1909
began semanifestitself in Italy, and gave Aus
trsa the frat opportunity 10 bring her mill
tary force TO bear upon the decision of civil
questions OF internal administration. This
spirit was quickly crushed in Piedmont
By Austrian troops, ana afterwards at Ma.
pies. In marching to Naples, ii was neces-
sary TO pass through Tuscany and the Papal
States, both Of which were occupied by Aus
trian troops, much against the inclination of
the Pope, and treated in all respects like con-
quered countries. Austria not only overthrow
the Neapolitan Constitution, but held posses.
sion Of the kingdom OF Naples for five years,
making the Neapolitans pay all the expenses.
amounting in the aggregate to seventy millions
Of dollars. She remained until the King had
Organized an army of Swiss mercenaries, OH.
cersd BY their own countrymen. In spite of
all her pretended reverence for the PontiH.
Austria not only continued to occupy Romag.
M, bat exercised her power with suck cruelty
that Cardinal CoxsALvI, in the bitterness of
his indignation, said austria alone would |
mot have appreciated the massacre Of the In. |
nocenn.a The Legate appealed TO an agree |
nent made In 1917, that the different goyern- |
msns would not Danish their subjects; bat |
sne appeal was vain, for Austria held the |
oM0rd, and exiled and i'm nrisoned Tho snh;aa.