The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-06-11
LATER EUROPEAN NEWS.
FURTHER DETAILS BY THE AFRICA

| Malak0H Is to command, and that 1t likewise con-
templates the formation of a second army for the
| northern or northeastern frontier of France. If
! these armies should be assembled it is supposed
! that portion of the National Guard will be mobi
| li3ed.
private letter from Turin dated the 2lst states
that the Austrians in their fight from MontebellO
! threw away their muskets and knapsacks, Of which
considerable number were collected by the French
| camp followers.
! The accounts from Germany speak of the great
! excitement prevailing; and one little circumstance
| Will show how easily the whole of the Teuton race
in Europe NAV be dragged into the contest. The
| blockade of Venice has shut up means of Aus
trian transit to Italy, and the King of Bavaria COM
| pcnsates TOR this loss by allowing the Austrian
troops to march through his neutral territory. The
French have taken advantage of Tuscany for that
purpose and the reason for Bavaria following that
| example is plain and open. But it is said that
France has demanded explanations and if this re
port is correct, there is very little doubt of what
! the explanations will be. 1t is one proof of the
| difficulty OF cOnfining within a narrow limit
| From Wilmer d Smiths European Times Of May ISL
THE FIRST ENCOUNTER.
| The rival accounts of the battle of Montebeo are
very conflctlng-so conflicting, in fact that it is
difficult to arrive at accurate knowledge of the
numbers engaged, and the numbers placed hors de
combat. All that we know with certainty is, that
1t was very bloody and protracted engagement
in which the French soldiers fought, as usu&f like
! madmen, and that, although the Austrians fought
well in line they were not equal to their adversa-
rles when it came to hand to-hand death strug
gle for soldiers of Francis Joseph quailed before
| those OF Louis Napoleon when the bayonet came
into requisition.
There circumstances connected with this san
culinary fight which augur badly for the SUCCESS of
the French in Italy. One of the English CORE
| spOndents attached to the Sandman army relates
with much precision, and proof of the GOODNESS
of the Emperor that he reused from his bed
the night preceding the struggle with the intelli-
! gence that his outpOsts would be attacked next
| morning. The Emperor issaid to have replied that
it was hardly worth while to trouble him with such
| slept W hen he
| that his General of Division had trouble with the
| enemy, and that the Austrian commander was only
expelled at fearful loss of men and officers the
| Emperor gave vent to his dissatisfaction of such
| barren results from a victory dearly purchased.
He appears, nevertheless, to have consoled himself
| by paying flying visit to the field of Marengo,
the scene of of his unces greatest exploits in
the earlier part of his career-an act of military
pedantry which seems heartless under the circum-
stances Unless Louis Napoleon can give some
| better proof of his capacity to command great
army than visiting battle fields which the genius of
his uncle has made famous, it would have been far
better for him to have stayed at home
| PROBABLE DURATION THE WAR.
1t is clear from this desperate stgupple that
| the Italian campaign will be one of the dead
liest in history. We see it stated that the Aus
trians have 100000 men at present in that country
| and by the middle OF next month the number will
be increased to 1885, 900, with rs 600 horses and 900
| guns. 'Ihere are people," says the Vienna cor
respondent of the Times, who supplies this informa
tion, ''that talk of the being ended in one
whom he will not either be able to overcome at ALL
or only alter long and desperate struggle" The
| German quarterly Reoic'c quoted by the same
| thOrty, gives France credit for 660, 900 men and
! 300 pieces of field artillery Austria, the other
hand, it is asserted can raise between 100000 to
SOC, 900 men and 1874 guns 1t is not probable that
tae absence of that great sinew of war-hard cash
may bring this terrible contest to speedier close
| than the belligerents at present imagine. TAe
| French peasant will grow sick of lending to his
| Government when disasters come, and the capital
lists of London may yet dictate the terms of peace.
As for Austria, her bankruptcy is hopeless and
| undisguised.
NAPOLEON VISITING THE WOUNDED.
letter from headquarters, Alessandria, dated
ten O'Clock OF Saturday, states that in the morning
! OF that day the Emperor took the railway to NO-
ghera, and from thence went on horseback to visit
the field of battle of Montebello. Numbers of dead
bodies were still lying about and his Majesty
the scene of the combat almost in the state in which
it had been left by the contendng forces. Marshal
paraguay d'liieCs accompanied the Emperor
! General Forey was not able to go with him. hav-
ing confusion on the left leg from ball, which
| had tattened itself on his scabbard. The General
! was only able to present himself to his Majesty
| who embraced him, and congratulated him in the
| warmeSt terms on his brilliant conduct Colonel
Cambries was also embraced by the Emperor, and
the rumor goes that he is to be at once promoted
! Several Austrian officers who had been taken prs-
oners were presented to the Emperor, who con-
| versed with them. Most of them were very Young
| men. One had been lately presented at the Tuil-
| cries by NJ de Hubner. The wounded French sol
diers cheered the Emperor when they saw him.
Turin May 22l Correspondence Of the London Herald
INCIDENTS or THE BATTLE
According to the published accounts you would
| fancy that $500 Frenchmen put to fight and actu-
ally routed something like 10000 Austrians; but go
to the hospitals if you happen to have a friend
there or to the War Office you have sufficient in
uence to get access to the real sources of nforma-
tion, and you will hear very different tale The
| advance of the AuStTians was SO sudden that Gen
era Forey had to start against them with only four
battalions of infantry of the line, the 18th batal-
ion of Chasseurs and few pieces of artillery in
! Guiding one small mountain howtzer, which can
be easily carried by couple of mules or eight men,
The Austrians had outpOsts at Ginistrello and APP
pear to have placed strong ambuscade in the
houses at Montebello, keeping the bulk of their for
ces at CasteggiO. The forces at Gnistrello were
soon driven back, and they retired to Casteggio
via MontebellO, the French pursued them with such
eagerness that they could not be restrained On
| reaching Casteggio they were received with such
terrific fire of musketry and artillery that they had
to fall back to Montebello The Austrians, who
held the houses and churchyard, received them with
terrific fire a bout portoHt. The men and officers
were falling every side, while the assailants, pro-
tected by the houses, suffered comparatively less.
At this uncture, fortunately for the French further
renforcements came up, with whose assistance the
Austrians were driven out, after great slaughter
on both sides My informant Ia French officer,
who wounded in the engagement) tells me the
loss of the French in the main street of the vii
lage was something awful. Reliable accounts state
that the loss of the French and Piedmontese, in
killed and wounded, not less than 800
General Forey was wounded and had a very mar
row escape of being taken. Great was the
slaughter in the village, it still greater
just outside. The church, yard, which is placed on
gentle slope just out side the town, and is sur
rounded bv a high wall, was held by couple of
| hundred Tyrolese Chasseurs, supported by two
field pieces The debris of the seveuty-first the
eighty y-fourth, and a company of Chasseurs, com
manded by Generals Beuret and Forey, attempted
to storm it, and swarmed up to the low wall despite
| thn n he of fyuhn pbnfv
peared to tell, but arrived at the top the wa
vered and fell back Three times thev renewed the
attempt, but each time they repulsed with
| frightful loss.
General Beuret, in attempting to rally them,
moved from the rear, which is the place assigned
such occasions to field officers, to the front, and
was leading his men up the slope a second time
when he shot right between the eyes, and nev-
er moved afterwards. The men fell back in dsor-
der, upon which General Forey, with more gallan-
try than discretion, rushed to the front and took
Beurets place; one shot shivered his scabbard and
struck his leg, and another tore off part of his
epauette. Had the Austrians then made sally
they could easily have destroyed or captured the
whole of the assailants; but at that lucky moment
reinforcement come up, and after a stout contest
the churchya cleared, and all in it who were
not killed, wounded prisoners, fell back their
main body.
When the village of Montebeo was taken, it was
defended by 5000 Austrians. 200 of troops
of the line advanced to attack with the bayonet, in
order to economise cartridges, which were begin
ming to fail. | do not venture to name the killed
and wounded officers, for fear of committing mis-
takes which might plunge families in mourning
The exact number of our wounded, as | have heard
from of the surgeons, is 360. Most of the
wounds are not sufficiently serious to necessitate
operations. The Sandman cavalry sustained heavy
losses, besides that of Colonel More of the light
horse. The French cavalry was represented by the
lst African chasseurs, which lost only few men.
Among the officers who distinguished themselves,
young Capt. Bonaparte is mentioned. This is the
grand son of Prince Jerome by his marriage with
the American lady, Miss Patterson. The Austrians
made prisoners were unwilling to surrender. This
confirms statement in the Independence that most
of the 200 Austrian prisoners were wounded men,
The Emperor received perfect ovation at Ales-
sandria, his return from visiting the field of
battle.
/ The Austrans did not take single prisoner from
us.
RELATIVE MERITS AUSTRIAN AND FRENCH
TRooPs-IMPoRTANCE OF RIFLEMEN AND RIFLE
PRACTICE.
| From the London Times May 27.l
The relative merits of French and Austrian
, troops are becoming discernible than at first
and the survey more instructive. The Austrian
staff service is reputed to be excellent and it GER
tanly that they have kept the initiative for
the most part in their own hands. They have ad-
vanced and retired as they pleased without much
r hindrance or surprise. The battle of Montebelo
was OF their own making though the spot looked
so like French selection. Our Vienna correspond
ent anticipated not only the engagement, but its
very scene before the news had reached the Aus
tran capital 1t be doubted that the French
had the best Of this affair, though they fought at
: some disadvantage. 1t was not two thousand five
: hundred men against fifteen thousand but at first