The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-07-11

by means of contracts ready money purchases;
at any rate one could not trust to this expedient
and it was necessary to be prepared with every.
thing without reckoning wi at the country itself
could supply. Everything had to be brought up |
over long distances. To facilitate this, an auxiliary
train has been organized for each OF the two armies,
by means of contractors Who supply the carts of the
country It answers well; the horses and mules |
are in spite of some hard work, round and sleek,
and the men are kept in order by the agents OF
their EMPLOYERS that no trace is found OF all the
excesses by which these bodies OF men usually dis
tinouish themselves. The result of this is that the
soldier has not been single day without his full
rations and, what is more, he has them as soon
he arrives. which makes great difference.
''Now that the country behind is free of the
enemy all these difficulties will be considerably d
minished. Lombardy is, as every one knows, ex-
tremely rich in all natural productions, and will be
able to supply most things, even if the allied army
should have to remain for a considerable time.
GAS tor the movements by which the troops ad-
vanced from Milan towards the Mela, it would be
premature to speak of them, besides which they
can only be understood when the plan becomes
more developed. | will give you, therefore, only
general sketch now. As you know, the first move
in advance of Milan was in the direction of Lodi,
which the Austrians abandoned after having been
driven from their position at Malegnano which is
just half way between Milan and Lodi. This move
ment only kind of demonstration to leave the
enemy uncertain as to the point where the passage
really to be effected. There are not less than
six great passages across the Adda besides several
other smaller ones. The great are at the fortress
of Pizzighettone Lodi, Cassano, where the railway
bridge crosses likewise, at Vaprio, Ponte San
Pietro, and at Lecco. All the bridges except this
| last, which is out of the way and had been passed
| before by Garibadi, were destroyed by the Aus
triens, that of Lodi Immediately after the demon
stration towards that place, and the others the
| night of the 10th and 18th. The next dav pontoon
| bridges were already erected, both at Vaprio and
Casseno, and the troops began to pass across The
same evening the King left Milan, and the next
| morning the Emperor transferred his headquarters
| to GOrgonzola. Every day since the advance has
! continued.
1.-The country beyond the AIDA is perhaps more
| than any other part of Lomba "dy intersected BY
roads, connecting the many considerable towns and
villages which lie this line eastwards. This
facilitated the advance considerably, for being
close to the enemy it was always necessary to keep
well together
''The Austrians retired so fast that none of the
bridges over the Serio, Oglio, the Mella, have
been destroyed The railway itself was left unin-
jured, and the telegraph only little damaged
that almost all along the line the polls remained
standing, removing thus of the greatest diff
cultes for its re-establishment need not say that
as soon as the army passes both telegraph and rail
way are pat again into working order, and the
bridges which have been destroyed are all in pro-
| cess OF reconstruction,
| "According to the last news the Austrians have
large forces concentrated on the open plain before
Montechiaro which is one of the few spots on this
side of the CHEST sufficiently extensive to be the
battlefield of large army. One corps, about 20
900 strong yesterday still at Bognolo and had
made heavy requisition on the place. A story Is
here related, for which | cannot youch, but which
have heard from people who have come to-day from
there. The Austrians placed guards before all the
bakers ovens and ordered them to make bread as
fast as they could. The bread distributed be-
tween the German and Croat soldiers, but Italian
| regiment which was with the corps received no
rations, although the soldiers had had nothing to
for the last 26 hours. The people, seeing this,
prepared some polenta for them, but were prevented
from giving it by the Austrian authorities. If this
is true, the Austrians must have been undecelyed
to their first impression with regard to the ltal-
ian troops which are in their army.
''ln spite of the concentration of the Austrians
on this side of the Chesa, | can scarcely believe
they will seriously to defend that line, with the
river in their They may perhaps do some
thing of the kind behind the Chiesa, the left
bank of it both sides of the town of Montechia-
no is skrted by line of low hills, which forms the
first of succession of positions in the direction of
the Upper Mincio. The only question is whether
the Allies obliged to accept a battle on the
ground which the Austrians have chosen for them
selves. They showed already before that they
don't always take their wishes into account, for
they left the Austrians at Mortara and went instead
up the Ticino, where the latter had to follow in
hot haste.
"In the meantime the town of Brescia is in no
small excitement at the presence of the Allied
troops. Bresca, as YOU know, has always been
distinguished for its ardour in the national cause,
and in consequence fearfully lltreated by Gen.
Haynau. If anything, the tragedy enacted here in
l849 has rather increased the patriotism of the great
mass of the inhabitants. 1t is, general rule in
these populous towns that must look for
| the force of the Italian movement. There is, OF
course in Bresca, as well as in every OF them,
the old generation of nobles who are reactionary,
and the priesthood, which belongs to Austria, the
dutiful daughter of the Church, but this is only a
small, very small fraction which comes scarcely into
account The great majority of the people engaged
in trade, especially the silk trade, are heart and
soul with the movement. The chief production OF
all this part along the southern slopes of the Alps
is silk and the towns the centres where the pro
duce ofthe surrounding country is disposed Of
But you must not imagine these towns like other
country towns on the continent, full of preudices
| and far behind their age Although they are on a
smaller scale, they resemble in their spirit those
large manufacturing towns of England which are
the most advanced part of the community; the diff
ference is that most ofthem have played more OF
less prominent part in history, which they are
proud of. They are, in fact, still what they were
Nmicpid under the Romans and as Free Towns in
the Middle Ages-the strength and pride of Italy.
The Austrans well knew this for not only did they
never reckon upon them; but they considered them
rather as their most deadly enemies When they
had to withdraw before the Allies, they quilted
them fast possible for they knew that the first
tricolor would be the signal of general rise, and
they had in lively recollection the street fights of
l84S.
"With the exception of a part of Garibadi's men
none of the Allied troops have stayed in the town
they are encamped outside. As soon they APP
up address, signed by all the most promi-
nent citizens in which they declared their resolu
ton to renew the union with Sardinia which hao
been broken off since lS4S. This address was pre-
sented to the King.
''The beauty in these towns is that in spite of the
systematic war which Austria has carried on agains
the municipalities, naming her own creatures anc
preventing much as possible their action, there
is much life in these old bodies that the
pressure is withdrawn they right themselves in al
instant. They establish their self government i
they had always exercised it; there organ
ization required; the most Objectionable among the
councillors go away of their free WILL some
popular men taken in, and the system works
admirably. 1t the same in all the towns which
the Austrans have left hitherto. And this is like
} wise the secret why are committed, NJ
interregnul ensues, which leaves free scope to the
development of evil passions. No doubt the Mu
CAPABILITIES considerably aided in their work BY
| the great predominant idea which has taken com
plete hold of most minds-namey, to do every
thing and submit to everything in order to get rid
OF the hated foreign dominion but were it not fol
the municipalities this would scarcely be suffcien
! to prevent overhead and the dangers accompany
ing it.
''JUNE II, IA M-The town is resembling will
cries of joy King Victor Emmanuel is making
his festive entry, at the head of his staff. The
stern-looking gray buildings festively decorated
with tricolors and carpets the windows and balco
; MES, as well as the streets, filled with an enthus
astc crowd, it rains flowers from all sides, and the
sun is Frightening every object. 1t certainly com
pensates for man hardships and dangers to make
war in friendly country, where you have the PEG
pie with you, and where every one of your steps is
strewn with flowers and illuminated by bright hap
ply faces. The almost 'oses its horrors, un
less, perhaps, you have to go and see wounded
friend close by.
''The moment for something decisive seems fast
; approaching; the armies are more and more con
centrated, SO as to be in hand, and are advancing
towards the great i'm" ...
MARRIED.,
On the 18th instant by ID. T. Carnahan, WILLIAM
PORTER, of Baltimore, to Miss MARGARET J. TOMBLIN
son, of Matthews coun " Virginia.
On the 9TH instant by Rev Henry Ebert, ROBERT PIN
DER to Miss NARY A. HU EST0N, both of this city.