Arkansas true Democrat., 1859-01-05
Number 13.

here (dignified by the title of mountains) from its superior drainage, is more frable and less re- tentive than the levels and flats. Around the verge of these mountains the water. worn pe- bes are more abundant and springs are more frequent than at any other point-a suggestive circumstance.
 At Pine Bluff, the alluvial plain becomes in. sensibly lost, upon the older formations It is probable that the whole piney country above the Bluff will not extend back beyond the tertiary or cretaceous ages Some miles below Little Rock, hypogene rock occurs; this rock is not granite. In even the most casual glance at our geology it would not do to overlook the small mounds, which occur frequently over the sur face of all the formations, older than the most recent alluval plain of the rivers; they are met with on the bottoms' about Amos's Bay ou, and on the Bartholomew, which formation has hitherto been considered as only contnu- ation of, and identical with the river plains; their presence on Amoss Bayou is matter of interest inasmuch as it demonstrates the anti quty of that Lacustrine?) deposit to be grea- ter than the recent river aluvium, and their presence is doubly interesting inasmuch, as it demonstrates those mounds to have been built at another period after the deposition of the Loess.
 As to the origin of these mounds, they are generally from two to three feet in highth. and from thirty to sixty feet in diameter. Their oc- currence on formations of different ages would set aside at once the idea that they could have resulted from the escape of subterranean gases
 The occurrence in this country of the small Rodont Mammel. (which is here called "Sals- man," but which in reality uvrs ,..t av,.- L = long to the reptile class of animals) points clear ly to their animal origin. Every naturalist un. derstands, that for several creations, it has been the law or the poll of the Creator to renew in each continent or geological province, forms belonging to the same generation, and with the same habits of those which had become ex- tlnct; thus, South America is now, and has been for the last several creations and ex- functions, the land of Sloths, Armadioes, etc. New Zeland is now and has been for the last several creations, the land of Strouthous birds; and all other countries having their pe- culiar types renewed by the creation of differ ent species of animals of the same types as those which had become extinct.
 Generally, the species of animals of the ex- ising creations, were created smaller than the same province during the Pliocene age. In the absence of fossils, we are entitled to infer from analogy, that those mounds were produced by larger sized animal of the same habits as our so called Salamand. These mounds of course will not be contounded with those more isola- ted, and of greater proportions, existing on tEe banks of the Ouachita.
 These latter were of course built by an Au- tochthonous type of humanity that had already become extinct before Indian traditions Some bones, of very large proportions, are known to have been taken from a mound near Casters Ferry on the Bartholomew Similar bones have been found in Kentucky, their size indi- cateS that they belong to a type of workers, and in that respect they differed very widely from every tribe of ull-blooded Indians; more thorough examination of these bones would have been very interesting in ethnoogy, depart ment of science which is now exerting pow erful influence on the civilized world, and on our own institutions.