The Washington union. [volume] (City of Washington [D.C.]) 1857-1859, 1859-02-11

OF 1872 disagreed TO by the House OF Representatives.
and moved that the Senate insist on lis amen1ments
and that committee Of conference be appointed on the
part Of the Senate which agreed TO- and Mr. BELL
Mr. Iooans pad Mr. CLAY appointed the part Of
the Senate
INCREASE OF rAanf.
The Senate resumed the consideration of the resolution
submitted y Mr. BIdLER several days since declaring
the opinion OF the Senate that the creation of large
public debt ia time OF peace inconsistent with the true
policy of the United States and the present
insufficient TO meet the unavoidable expenses Of the
government Congress should proceed, Without delay
20 rediust the laws not only 70 meet the
ren expenses but TO pay of the present debt lar
may be liable to immediate cancellation.
Mr.. CLlNGMAN remarked that the President had rec.
commended specific duties but lac had not recommended
increased taxation the advocates Of protection had
however, seized upon the Presidents recommendation TO
urge system of policy which had never predweed salts
factory results According 10 his researches the highest
tariffs had produced the fowe1t prces-and he could
prove this By the nsurs4Tunning through long series
of Years He vVald take the great staple cotton AS an
illustration. From 1891 to 1924 the average price Of
cotton was fifteen cents pound The tariff Increasing
sie duties continued four yeass>mtil 1925. in 1925
there remarkable iiso IA the price cotton il went
up 10 twenty ceas bat that tHsely speculative
matter Nevertheless including This year Of speculation
in the four, cotton fell 10 1874 cents and excluding
1870, taking the three next years the average price
10 cents, on fall of sixty per cent In 1928 another
taii, which highly protective, passed, which
contped just four years From S2e 10 1882 the
Ul Colon WAS VI Esnse large all
sequent upon the passage OF highly protective tariff
In 1882 Congress modified the tariff 10y making a large
free list, and IN the winter of 1888 Mr.. Clays compro
mise passed which continued in force ten years
I'll the modification Of the tariff la lss2 This period OF
ten years Tor particular which would become
apparent he should divide, in examining these prices
into two periods of five years each From 1888 to
1887 the piece OF cotton rose to IA cents, in
Grease OF more than 40 per cent upon previous prices
consequent upon lower tariH In 1887 there was
remarkable monetary oonvuson. 1t was well known
that the State banking and deposit system led TO an
enormous expansion the deposit banks themselves had
issued thtccn dollars ia bills for in specie and there
was general crash and smash-up that for the
-Four years prices very much reduced This affected
the prices in England both of cotton aud everything
else. From 1887 to 1912 the average price of cot.
ton was los cents, which considerable
than it was under the tariff of 1928, which pre-.
coded It, In 1872 highly protective tariff pass
ed it was almost prohhitory, and that endured four
years. From lSia TO 1916 inclusive the average price
of cotton cents pound, being fall of fifty
ner cent on the prices during the hard times In 1916
the tariff modified by making large reduction aud
we have hail that tariff in operation since. From
tSi7 to 1851 the price of cotton to nine and half
cents being increase of about forty per Taking
the seven years following the price averaged 996 al
most ton cents pound for the whole twelve years
teni lS46 down to the present me Ii averages per
pound forty per cent higher then II under the
tariff Of 1912. The result is that the tariff is high
ton is low, and os vesd. This is the experience OF
thrty eight years, during which there six dis
with other staples besides cotton. If take all
che exports during the four years of the tariff of
as42, including cotton, rice, tobacco, and everything
else, shall find that they brought thirty mil
lions of dollars year less th,n they would have
brought at the prices of the previous four years and if
Che products which sold in the four years that fol-
lowed 1912 had been sold ut the prices of 1872 they
would have brought thirty millions less During pc
sod OF twelve years were losing thirty millions of dol
lars . year upon our exports.
Not only prices lower under high tariffs, but
reduce prices exports have largely increased In guam
tty we'll value These facts deserving the
attention of Congress aud OF the country when il was
proposed to readjust laws For the last five
years. the price uf -four has been ffyas5nr per cent
higher than Il under the tariff OF 1872 aud tobacco
has been hundred and fifty per cent higher He
thought We were losing hundred millions of dollars
year. more, account of the tariff that would be
uIun congressional district The people would
not endure such taxation if they knew but taken
from them in an indirect manner If officer should
stand in every grocery store to collect the gov
ernmen and when man came in to buy dollar worth
Of sugar SALT other article he should charge
him twenty or thirty forty cents for Che government
the people would begin TO inquire what all this money
was needed for, and where 1t went to
Mr. G. believed there necessity ftt Increasing
the revenue it would be much better to diminish the
expenses The democratic policy to reduce expend
lures and keep down taxation gentlemen on the other
side desired high taxes and large expenditures he ready
10 meet them. These large expenditures had grown out
of the surplus IN the treasury it in ts9T There
was then surplus in the treasury and the government
got to spending too much money. He thought manuiac
turcrs could get along ly well without this protection
from government; be had idea that the manufacture
OF iron in this country would IL all the duty was
taken OFT At any rate he held the doctrine that any
branch of industry that could support itself ought TO
go down.
Mr.. SIMMONS replied to some of chs remarks made
by Mr. TooAns yesterday. He nlly agreed with that
senator that the expenses of the government were too
large and he Would concur IN any reasonable energetic
and proper ia~ia of making reduction He Thought it
could not be possible that the expenses bad Increased e
giumapiy, within the last sixteen Years from forty 10
nearly eighty millions of dollars age President had rec
commended specific duties, but Mr. S believed that sys
tenn Of aa uooro dutior of from 20 TO rs per cent would
be the best form OF evying duties that could be desired
10y man He referred to the Importance c taking care Of
our own industry and TO the efforts of foreign cmissaries
TO shape our policy to suit their ends. During General
Inylors administration when it was expected that an
effort would be made to lay higher duties upon inn
ported iron, Sir Henry Bulwer then minister from
England, wrote letter TO the President, telling
bin that her Moiestys government hoped we would
to British aborers, Gen Taylor the letter TO Con-
gress IL reminded Mr. s. anccdote of Beau Brum-
mel who had boosted that such was his familiarity
with TIE Prince Of Wales, afterwards George " that he
could offer indigny to him without its being resent
ed occasion he said g Prince ring the bell -
The Prince did So and when the answered the
summons, the Prince quietly said g Show Mr.. Brum-
mel to his carriage ~ That probably what Gen.
Taylor expected that Congress would doo say Give
Sir Henry Bulwer his passports y But Congress failed
60 take proper notice of this afront Mr. s. thought
He wanted England to take of her own laborers
and let us take OF ours and not NEEDLE with our