, 1859-10-01

| eoHe ~ auolo an advantage oSer ploWlng viii
animals, else it isno success. Ihaye never seer
a machine intended for steam plow, MucE
praaas aod admiration arc bestowed upon some
Of them; and they may be, for aught know
9ready auccessful; but have not perceived tht
Demonstration oft. Ihave thought good deal
IN an abstract way, about steam plow. Thai
one which shall be so coutrired as to apply the
largest proportion Of its power to the cutting
ana turning Of the soil, ind The smallest to tbe
moslng itself over the field, will be the best one
AEefy small stationary engine would draw
! large gang Of plows through the ground
from short distance to itself; but when 4
IL rot stationary, but has to move along like
% noFse, dragging the: plows after it, il
itself, md the difficulty grows By what is Il.
tended to overcome it !; for what adds power,
ALSO adds size and weight to the machine, thus
| increasing again the demand for power Sup.
pose Jon should construct the machine 30 as ia
cut succession Of short furrows, .ny rod in
| length, transrersely to the course tue machine
Il !oeomos,ng, something like the shuttle in
| wearing. In such case the whole machine
would more north only the width Of furrow.
while IL length the fnrrow would be rod from,
east 10 west. In such case, q yery large nrn
porsi9e Of the power would be applied to the
actual p!onlog. But in this, too. there would
be difficulty, which would be, the getting Of
ne Rlow 1nso and out Of the ground al :he ends
pehese, however, ingenious men will, il
1de5 nave not already, overcome the difficulties
nave suggested. hut there is still another
ABOUT which an1 less sanguine. 1t is the sup
pIy OF Jug, and especially Of scattr, to make
steam. Such supply is clearly practicable, but
can tue expense Of it be borne. Steamboats,
ATe upon the water, and find their fuel at STATED
places Steam mills, and other STATIONARY
steam machinery, hare their stationary supplies
o. tuel and water. Railroad locomotives haze
their regular wood and water stations. But the
steam plow is less fortunate. 1t does not lire
upon Tue water; eren ifit be once at water
station: 1t will work away from it, unl when il
ge1S afJ cannot return without leaving its
MOTE, at great expense of it's time and
st1ehgth- IT will occur that wagon and horse
team might be employed 10 supply it with fuel
and water; but this, too, is expensive: and the
4aes11on recurs. "can. the expense be borue.'
When this is added to all other expenses. viii
not the plowing cost more than in The Old way?
LIS to be hoped that the steam plow viii
finally be- successful; md il it ever shall be.
taro"yA euairatio"" the soil to the
Top OF ITS sscaPacity-producing the largest crop
Possaole from g1ren quantity Of ground vii.
oe most favorable to it. Doing large amount
Of Of work upon small quantity Of ground. twill
g, ~ aear!s as possible. stationary while work
t!',. TX, aua a as !tee IS possible from locomotion;
III Illus e3peodng its strength, Us much Us posi-.
ole, upon lts work, aad as little rs possible in
travelling. Our thanks, aud sometbinr 1nnre
substantial than THINKS, are due to eyery mar
engaged in the effort to produce q successful
s!ealn plo": Eren the unsuccessful, will bring
sonetn1ns :11 70 light. which in thehauds Of Others
Will contribute to the final success. | hare mt
pointed out difficulties in order to discourare.
nus u ofaer that being seen, they may be the
The world is agreed that TAILOR is tie source
Il, 1rom which human wants are;uainly suppiicd.
.,l! daefe is nc dispute upon this point. From
sars Wns, p9:nt, however, men immediately diverge
Auch aisputat1on is maintained as to the best
WY OF applying and controlling tho labor ee-
nsa.. ny some it is assumed that labor is
u'a'aple 1niy in connection with eupital-that
nobody labors unless somebody else. owuinr
capital, somehow, by the use Of that capital
4,,a. tnances Inn to do i; Haring assumed this,
capital shall hire laborers, aud thus induce
mem 10 work By their oxn consent, or Iuv
thcnl' ana dFlSe them to it without their cor
sent: Having proceeded SO far, tler naturally
Goncinde that all laborers are necessarily ether
a. narta iaoorcrs or stas<s. They further assume
taat = "hoeFer is ONCE hired laborcr, is fatally
again, that lis condition il as bad as. or worse
than, that of slave. This is the tmu,l-sil"
theory. 1"'9it
But another class Of reasoners ho1J +hc
op'aton that there is no sucA relation between
capital and labor Us assumed; and that there
IS IS no sdeh thing US freeman being fatally fixed
oo1h these assumptions are false, and all iufer
9 ences from them groundless.. They hold that
labor is prior to, aud independent OF. canital.
that, IN iAct, capital is the fruit of laborl md
Could neEer hare existed if labor had not G~tt
existed; that labor can exist without capital.
ont mat capital could never have existence
without labor. Hence, they hold that labor il
the superior-greatly the superior-of can;t,l
:, 1hes do not deny that there is, and probably
always will be, a relation between ]abor onJ
capital. The error, rs they hold. is in assum.
ng that the teAoEs labor Of the world exists
s'tt'la that relation. Il few men own cuni;aj.
tna thas ley ayold labor themselves, and, with
or them a large majority belong to neither
:iass-neither work for others, nor hare others
work for them. Even in ali cur S'aye States
'1eePt SOUTH Carolina, majority Of the whole
'eopie; OF oil eolors, are neither slaves nor nos-
ers; IN these free States large majority are
'es-w!Ees, sons, and daushters-work fnr
themselves, on their farms, il their houses md
= Their shops: taking the whole product t. !
themselves, and asklng no fayor Of ca-I1t,1 ~
1e one band, nor Of hirelincs or Slaves m tIe
'hsI- II IS not forgotten that q considerable
a.;.g "snogf o, persons nlnge their own labor with
ri a1so h, y, labor with their ow1s hands, |
FIR I
aem hut this is only snietd and not = d.
met class. No principle sfated is disturbed i,r
&c existence of this mixed class.
asa'n. as has already been said, the onno-
ents OF the "mad silf' theory insist that there
not, q necessity, any such thing rs the free
fe. There is demonstration for sov;no t,,;s IL
any independent men, in this assembly. doubt-
ss, lew years ago we're hired Iaborers. 4nI ,
lsl1 case Is almost, if not quite tic ,rener.1 :
le; i1e prudent, penniless beginner in lie
era labors tor wages awhile, saves surplus
!a ien "nleh 70 buy tools or land for himself;
zen labors on his own account another wh;l. Z
'd at length hires another new beginner IT,
elp nun. This, say its advocates, is ire labor
,she Just aud generous and prosperous svxten
h,ch opens the way for oil, gives hone 10 ali
u sae!gE ana progress. and improvement oi
'ndltton to all II anv continue through EGs
- w. Gsone'!aon OF tue hired laborcr, it is not
'Penoe1t nature which prefers it, or of imnro.
aense, folly, or singular misfortune, | harc
II !, this much about the element Of labor rc,,c.
~, ns ln1roauctory to the consideration of n
;" pnase which snat element is in process Of
saaang. the old general rule was that =,
.ey managed to eat their bread, lcaTinc thc
II OF producing it to the uneducated' Th;s
Is not an 'naupportablc evil to the worI,nr
H. SO !ong ~ tho class of tfrunes renamed
:! small b1t no'0, especially in these free 1
a!Ss. NE nearly all are edueated-quite too uear. n
~ ~ !ease ihe labor of tue uneducatcd in U
; WAY adequate to the support Of tue rSho1s
follows from this that hencefosth educated
PFC 100 must labor. Otherwise education
~ {; "on1a become positive and into,etabte
T. 20 community can sustain, in id1cness.
re than small per centage Of its numbers l;
e 6. fFeat majority must labor at something
ra;--s au!mso,metalng ~, productive. From these