Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1859-08-12
Views MIR. Calhoun Territorial ACquisitlon-Th
Slave Trade and Congressional Intervention.

Views of Nr. Calhoun Territorial QUESTION"
Slave Trade and Congressional Intervention.
During the lifetime of Mr. Calhoun, his preeminent
abilities and thorough devotion to the rights OF the South
Justly gave in his opinions the highest authority ALI
men felt while he lived that great at the helm,
and all had confidence in the direction he gave TO the
ship of State Mr. Calhoun, it is true has passed from
the stage of action his mighty voice has been hushed
in the stiffness of the grave but his ideas remain to us
legacy of priceless value propose to cite certain OF
these IDEAS on questions occupying the public mind
| shall make no comments, but let Mr. Calhoun speak
for himself There three distinct measures now re-
commended to the South
l. The acquisition of more territory-that is the
acquisition of Cuba or Mexico.
2. The revival of the African slave trade
3. Congressional Intervention in favor of slavery in
the Territories.
In reference to the first of these Subjects Mr. Calhoun
said in the Senate, May 18th, 1840:
So long as Cuba remains in the hands of Spain-a
friendly power, of which we have no dread-it should
continue to be- as it has been the policy of all admnstra
lions since have been connected with the Govern
ment, to let Cuba remain there
In reference to Mexico Mr. Calhoun said, in the Sen
ate, February 9th, 1847
81 hold that there is mysterious connection between
the fate Of this country and that of Mexico much
so, that her independence and capabity of sustaining
herself almost essential to prosperity and the
maintenance of our institutions as they are to hers
Mexico is to us the forbidden fruit. The penalty of
eating it would be to subject institutions to poti-
cal DEATH"
Again. upon the same occasion, he says:
"Shall we annex the States of Mexico to Union
Can incorporate people dissmilar in every
pect-so little qualified for free and popular government,
without certain destruction to political institutions
Can bring into Union 100000 of people, all
protesting religion and all concentrated under a
powerful and wealthy priesthood, without subecting the
country to the most violent religious conflict and bring
ing the Government in the end, under control of sim
gle sect No. These difficulties insurmountable'
On the second question: Mr.. Calhoun sustaining the
treaty OF Washington, which, among other things pro-
vided that the United States should keep squadron of
eighty guns the coast of Africa for the suppression
of the slave trade sad after promising that he regretted
having to enter into any spulaOns with Great Britain
this subject but that he did not see how it pos
sibe to avoid doing Congress- at an early day, as
soon in fact it could legsate on the subject under
the Constitution passed laws enacting penalties
against the African slave trade This followed by
the treaty of Client which declared it to be rreconca
BILE with the principles of humanity and justice Short
after Act of Congress passed declaring it to
be piracy, and resolution was adopted by Congress-
requesting the President to enter into arrangements with
other powers for its suppression On side were
deeply committed against the traffic, both by legislation
and treaty. The influence and the efforts of the civil
lied world were directed against it, and that too under
our lead in the commencement, and with such
to compel vessels engaged in it to take shelter almost
exclusively under the fraudulent use of flag. To
permit such state of things to continue could not but
deeply mpeach our honor and turn the sympathy of the
world against u.s."
Further:
1.-The other article in reference to the subject
stipuatcs that the parties will unite in all becoming
representations and remonstrances with any powers
within whose dominons markets permitted for I'M
ported African slaves If he to permit his feelings
to govern him exclusively he would object to this more
strongly than any other provision in the treaty. not that
he tO
market to imported negroes; on the contrary, he thought
1t both right and erpedtct an every Uiev.
Upon the third question, he said, June 9th, l84S:
There is a very striking diff arence between the posi-
ton on which the sIaveholdng and non-savehOlding
States stand in reference to the subject under cOnsder
ton, the prohibition Of slavery in Oregon The for
mcr desire no action of the Government demand NO
law to give them any advantage in the Territory about
to be established willing to leave it, and other FER
rtores belonging to the United States open to all their
citizens so long they continued to be Territories and
when they to be So to leave it to their Inhabitants
to form such governments may suit them, without re-
strction condition except that imposed by the Con
stltutlon as prerequisite for admission into the Union
In short, they willing to leave the whole subject
where the Constitution and the great fundamental prn-
cipes of segovernment place it, On the contrary, the
Gonsavehodng States instead of being willing to leave
it on this broad and equal foundation, demand it this
broad and equal foundation, demand the nterpOStiOn of
the Government, and the passage of act to prevent
with their property into the Territory"
q hold that justice and the Constitution are the
easiest and safest guard on which the question be
settled regarded in reference to party. mag be set
tied on that ground simply by action, by leaving the
Territories free and open to the emigration of all the
world If party cannot safely take this broad and
solid position and successfully maintain it, what other
can it take ard maintain?"
Again, on the 18th August, 1949, Mr.. Calhoun said
referring to the Clayton Compromise which was non
intervention
LESS than month since, there was fair prospect
OF the adjustment of the territorial question the
promise of the Constitution ITSELF without surrender
of particle of constitutional right on either side"
Such were the opinions of Mr.. Calhoun in the matu
rity of his powers | admit they don't quite come up tc
the standard Of modern orthodoxy in certain quarters
but yet they smack very much of that profound sagacy
which characterized the views of the lustrous South
Carolinan. MCDUFFIE
From the Fayetteville Observer.
The Superior Courts.
The Fall Circuits, we learn, have been arranged az
follows:
Edenton, Judge Manley.
Newbern, " Saunders.
| Raleigh, Shepherd
! Hillsboro Dick
| Wilmington Caldwell.
| Salisbury, Heath.
MOrgantOn, Bailey.
Turning over the pages of the Laws of North Car
ona 1885,, we find an act fixing the Superior Courts
in neghborng county of Harnett. There is to be
two terms annually; One of which shall be held or
the Monday preceding the Monday next before the las
Monday in February, and the other the Monday pre-
ceding the Monday next before the last Monday ii
August" The first term will be held this month, OF
the first of the three MONDAYS mentioned in the last par