The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1859-06-06

L
(Concludsd.)
AGRICULTURE AND MANUTAcTuREs.
The foundation Of all our wealth is depend
ent on the prosperity Of Agriculture and Man
ufactures. The first command from Heaven
directed Us to "replenish the earth and sub
due it," Where food and raiment are easily
and constantly produced, human woe and
want must be Of rare occurrence. Inc most
subs tantisl benefits to society have grown out
Of the progress and application Of science to
these primary pursuits. IL 10 now hardly
possible, with our knowledge and means and
variety OF production, that the world can be
deceminated with famine, a. 1t was in igno-
rant early ages; but there 10 great room yet
for improvement, and statesmen and students
can End no field more worthy OF their re-
search and exertions. and none where the
fruits will be 90 advantageous to mankind.
Needless and ignorant observers scout the
idea here suggested; but little STUDY OF the
history and progress of husbandry will salts
fy the most incredulous OF the truth OF these
yemarks.
Two measures Of great importance to these
branches Of industry were presented to the
late Congress, and received my support.
One was q grant OF land to each State, to
secure the establishment of Agricultural and
Mocha nical Schools. And Why should these
interests have no special head, and careful
national supervision
We have Secretary Of the Navy, the For
eign relations, and Interior surely, Agri-
culture and Manufactures, upon which all
these depend, should have some national care
and cultivation. The Agricultural Bill passed
both houses, the Republicans generally vo-
ting for it; but it was vetoed by the Prcsi-
dent, in accordance with the wishes and votes
OF Southern Democrats.
The other matter which was intended and
calculated to unite and foster these great in
dustrial pursuits, WAS proposition to amend
our tariff, SO as to encourage Home Manu-
features. Our present tariff operates most
fatally against our worthy mechanics; 80
much 90, that it il estimated that forty thou
sand w0rkmsn we're thrown out OF employ
ment in Pennsylvania. Our ores lay buried
in the earth, while we send to England to get
iron for plow-shares. Our hides are sent to
Europe, and clipped back TO US as boots and
shoes. The farmers wool has to be sent to
England and manufactured, and brought
back to lows, before it ia fit to wear - cloth.
ing. 1t would be interesting to follow sack
of wool, to see the clipping and shaving,
charged on it, travelling eight thousand miles
Why not manufacture the sack OF WOOL at
home. where our farmer could pay for il
with shoulder Of mutton that would feed
the workmen? And why not make our SHOES,
where We can exchange for the work quar-
ter Of the beef from which the hide was ta-
ken? Agriculture and Manufacturer should
be united in the state and In the neighbor-
A. kor n oh nnI
be re-. adjusted 80 as to foster such union OF
these pursuits. Whenever nations will open
their ports free, | would reciprocate; but
while Cuba charges our farmer nine dollars
for the privilege Of selling barrel OF -four
in their market, would reciprocate that also.
would try, on their imports, to secure like
sum, and thus incidentally try to secure fair
reciprocity The Republicans generally vo-
ted for n change OF the tarid, but u Vas ef-
fsctivey opposed and prevented by the Dem.
ocratic members.
A iudicious reciprocal tariff, with incident
al protection to home industry, Is necessary
to revive our home manufactures and pre-
| vent the further accumulation OF q national
debt.
LAND FOR THE LAEDLEss.
| The subject of Homestead Law" has
been so long discussed among the people, that
it is no longer possible for politicians to
dodge or delay the final issue. 1t has en-
tered the hearts Of the people, and in some
| form am ready to inscribe it in letters OF
gold on the Republican banner. God made
land, and water, and air, and light, and
heat, for mans subsistence; and he should
not be required to buy or beg these elements
that are essential to his existence. The Ger
manic races, from which We descended, held
the laad in common, to be parcelled out te
those who would use them. We are told
"the ultimate property or dominusn verun
of the land was vested in the tribe, and tina
the portions dealt out to individuals returned
to the public, after they had rsaped the fruits
of them" But the feudal system entirely
revolutionized the civil policy of nations, ant
lands were psrcelled out to military chief
tains, who held their vassals as tenents ant
slaves. For ages hnsbandry has been fet
tered By these Norman shackles, which were
transmitted with many notifications to on
American Colonies. Gradually the land
have been sub divided, till most farmers owl
their domicils; but millions still struggl'
and starve in destitutlon, because they hav,
not the ground to pillow and plant and pro
duce the fruits OF the earth necessary TO
land system furnishes, under our pre-emp
ton laws, convenient access to home il
West. Some have pro6ted by pre-emptions
but in general these provisions are inacces
sable to the poor. Specnlators 90 beyon'
the settlements and beyond this belt owne
by spectators, q poor man cannot subsis
! his family during the time Of settlement an
raising first crop. The emigrant, with hi
family and team, when he arrives on tn
verge Of settlement, finds that for miles i
front Of him, the lands are owned and oAfere
at prices he cannot pay. In fact his none
is exhausted, and he must stop in the settle
ment, and work other peoples enclosures, I
subsist his family, and accumulate some
thing to buy second banded. II his mean
and courage induce him TO venture forwArt