The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-02-10
THIRTY-FTETH CONGRESS-
SECOND SESSION.


Senate
WASHINGTON, Feb. 0, 1859.
Little business OF importance transacted during the
morning hour.
THE CANADIAN RECIPROCITY TREATY.
resolution offered by Mr.. KING, directing inquiry
into the working Of the Reciprocity treaty. and the expe
dicncy Of its abrogation, was adopted
THE HORSE RAILROAD PROJECT.
On motion Of Mr.. BAYARD the vote by which the Penn
syvana Avenue Railroad was defeated yesterday was
reconsdered.
FINANCIAL POLICY GOVERNMENT.
The Senate resumed the consideration OF Mr.. Bger's
resolution that large public debt is Inconsistent with the
policy Of the country and that Congress should pro-
ceed without delay to adjust the revenue and expendi
turc.
Mr. TooMrs, (adrn) of GA proceeded to reply TO Mr..
Bgers speech Of yesterday and went IT, section by
section After showing that the first paragraph Of the
resolution merely expressed trusm, that it is inexpe
dent in time Of peace to incur large public debit the
casual or deficiency and that the second sec
ton assumed this deficiency to be inevitable and fixed
the laws Of the Medes and Persians Mr. Toombs pro-
ceeded TO demonstrate that II is not only avoidabc
but ought to be avoided that there is not only
no necessity to keep the expenditures at their
present standard but that the present tariff ample TO
meet the ust and proper expenses of The government
The Secretary Of the Treasury estimates for the five years
prior 1857 show exceeding the expenditures.
Finding that there was revenue Of ity millions and an
expenditure Of forty eight Millions the tariff reduced
without party discussion, South Carolina and Massachu
scttsthe extremes Of eectionalsm- 70 do IT, He
did not propose by his vote the tariff Of 1857 cripple
any branch Of the public source and he did not propose
The country is able 10 bear any amount Of cgt-
mate burden hut he did propose require that the gov
eEn2Bcn3 shA eao6ns ineG % ~ egmate source-not
,Sf M sno mere lsaacn a 81 .ne put lcr
country great and able for future action in peace
or war We have NO extraordinary OCCASION
cept Indian, which we always have hence no occasion
for increased expenditures exsts The tariff put
with the deliberate consideration Of the and
the people, and 1t has done what it was expected
in
cepts during the time OF mercantile depression. II
is not the tariff, but the estimates that are fala-
cious The Post Office has absorbed nearly nine mil
lions Of the deficiency the estimates. Further,
the estimates assume that every dollar Of the
appropriation, not only for present but past years,
win be required for the fiscal year 696o. He showed
trat the estimates framed TO exhibit deficiency
it is impossible that all these appropriations be laid
out in year. Yet further 10 force deficiency, the
surveyed public lands not offered tho duty
Of the government to offer them for SALE Had the pro-
ceeds of the seventy or eighty millions OF Of
veyed lands been brought into the treasury there would
not have been dollar Of deficiency. Were the Post
Office expenditures reduced within proper limits there
would be deficiency But instead OF these retrench-
mens tho expenses are sweed INTO extravaganza
ate deficiency in the estimates Of 1860, which
Is said 10 be inevitable The Senator from
Pennsylvania gays the government s in distress from
sfotness OF revenue, and he proposes to remedy by
the expenditures Now ne INF Toombs) wanted to bring
the expenditures down TO the Both the Iegisl
turc and Executive have devatcd far from the original
track and by their action have fostered those corrupt
exiravagances in the Army Navy and Post Office Depart
ments. 1t true must maintain army, navy and
Post Office and must take of our Indians but
have any army, except to keep in subjec
tion the Indian savages, for we depend free to
perpeuate our freedom Nor have VIC any need 70 CON-
England has 10 keep army 10 hold her possessions
We stand on different principle. II we get possession
of country turn it loose and trust IL to defend itself
HeDce want only army enough to keep the Indians In
check and navy enough TO keep pirates from coasts
now Il cost eighteen millions, although then we had
more struggling settlements TO be defended and had
California and Oregon with their 500 900 people capable
OF defending themselves As TO the navy there beer
nothing to call for increased expenditures and yet more
chips have been built by special appropriations. We have
bad for many years 600 sailors the navy and have
no more to man IL now. The two and half millions in
crease in its cost does not pay poor Jack shilling
month, nor give him one more glass of grog France
four millions Of dollars per annum We expend tbirtcsn
millions Yet the true policy Of preparing for war
is TO build up tho resources of the nation In
time Of peace not to squander the public means.
We prepare for war by increasing the ability OF the peo
pie TO bear it, We can turn all the people into soldiers
when the republic is in danger Europe her armies
we need great people. MI Tcombs then replied TO that
part Of Mr. Bgers speech in which he forth the bene
TITS derived by the Southern States from the postal SER
vice. He (Mr Toombs) argued at great length the pro-
iety and necessity Of making the Post Ofce selfsus
ianng He said 1t Is unjust 70 levy the deficiency of
postage out Of the public rcasury- is no more than
underng pence from the door Of the people for tho bene
NJ OF the rich The government indeed, has no more
absolute right carry the correspondence Of the country
than rs hay, corn or cotton and he believed that the
for $2O0,00o. The Pacific mail has fallen under The
guidance Of public plunderers As regarded Mr. Brlers
recommendation to increase the duty iron, he Mr
Ioombs) could by no means assent He would rather
have free. He would not TO tax the trapspor
taon Of the country, Of the Great West and would raise
no revenue by imposing burdens article that would
react tax crhtbs Of the countrys industry
His opinion was that specific duties the best mode Of
taxation Thirteen years experience had satisfied him Of
he has give. Forty years ago our manu-
IActures feeble, and they have been bull. up by
t. Ia