The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-02-28

be lost sight of when the Poucal government il
In question namely the necessity OF respecting It's
fold character and Of reconcng the regime of the churci
and the regime Of the Roman naon which are exercised
by the same hand. They must be reconciied without
being COMPOUNDED. There Is the problem Ia difficult
we admit. but the solution Of ,ohieA depeads, perhaps
The sotration Of the temporal porer Of the Pdpacy
In fact real abuses independent Of men, inherent /,
the nature OF things spring from this confusion Thes
abuses excite among the Roman population spirit which
would easily render them unjust and distrustful ans
which Sny Kept IN check % the presence Of our sol
very occupation, from the fact Of being prolonged OF
such conditions would be worn out and would endange
the name and the influence Of France.
Thus political point Of uie, the absolutely clerica
character Of the government of tie Roman States i contre
sens aciue cause Of discoea, and consequently,
element Of soedkress for the Pop himself and permaSe~
The second diicuy for the Pope is that which result
from the national question In this point Of view his stua
ton is not more defined less dangerous. The Irritation
In the Roman States is still lcss owing TO the absence
legal and the clerical administration than
Of tho Head Of the Church and that Of the Pope as
Italian Prince The OF the Revolution Of 1848 wa
above all, the explosion Of the national idea is fros
Nc Vatican that the encouragement as well as the obs
Giles to the nationality Of Italy had to come.
The Pope supported a. Sovereign, the cause Of ind
pendence the Head Of the Church be dsapproved th
war, and refused TO break of with Austria. Placed ID
tween double duty he reduced 10 sacrifice the on
to the other He necessarily sacrificed the political TIL
% uusy ans snS con rcs o. rus ~
since the situation imposes on the man the terrible ae
native Of immolatng the Prince TO the Pont the Po
Finally third diAcuy and this not the least serou
is created for the Pope by the absolute mpossbty he
in of forming, in actual circumstances, an Italian arm
All the attempts made with this object have ialed
Thus, in word, in what concerns Rome there thr
considerable difficulties, which correspond TO these urge
necessities wiz es .l.I.
l. To reconcile the regime Of the church with legs
political and regular regime 10 the Roman States.
g. To render the Pope independent OF questions of
tonalty, of war, Of ornaments, of internal and extern
defence.
g. To constitute native army, aud to substitute for o.
occupation the protection OF eicacious and real tall
force. 1a
This threefold necessity which under pain OF certa
and perhaps approaching disturbance be satisfied
the nterest Of Italy, Of religion, and Of all tho Catho
States.
SARDINIA CAN TAKE NO STEP BACKwARDs-sI
MUST ADVANCE. :
Piedmont has grown greatly in importance and In giOf
She has won place in the affairs OF Europe and mari
the destinies of Italy But In order to establish b
power yet new and 70 guarantee her security at hO
and abroad, her government is bound 10 give satsact
TO interests which in state OF suorng--natios
interest and religious interest
The Italian idea is, since lS47 the moving cause and
necessary Of all the acts Of Piedmontcse policy
is the passion of King Victor Emmanuel as IL Is the flag
the cabinet presided over by Count Cavour. Now, u
enabled u produce with regard to military acts, prepa
tons Of afmaments stems Of Defence and political
frsations against AUSTRIA in this respect il could go
fun Their without ountering war;
Nevertheless Piedmont cannot remain toitou great pc
at The point at aohich is cannot have taken vainy
head Of the Italian movement in order 10 draw back aft
wards. II is absolutely necessary that means should
found OF satisfying the hopes which II has excited un
pain of losing all influence in Italy and of being outsr
ped by the passions which its present popularity keeps
check
The interests of religion suffer In Piedmont, we hi
sad like the national interests. II Is then Urgent
many reasons, that in Catholic country there should
be prolonged dsscnsion with the Church Of Rome wh
is All encouragement TO revolutionary passions cal
Of grief and embarrassment for the conscience ans
Iious danger for the government.
The Pedmontese clergy have hatred against repfas
tatve government In 1896 and 1847 they nearly
in the liberal movement directed by Count Balbo and
Able Gioberti. Their attitude changed when the
civil marriage and that on ecclesiastical festivities
duced dissension with Rome Itis no part of our bu
ness discuss these laws merely observe that all
enlightened Piedmontese deplore that state of things
earnestly desire to see the end Of them We have
much confidence in the high intelligence Of the Prime
mister Of Sardinia not to be convinced that the obstacle
reconciliation so desirable would not be found in h
What proves is his declaration last session the
arzaon Of the property Of the clergy, which he ener
ticaly rejected for profound political reasons he sa
But we must not deude ourselves; that recenciliai
is hot easy. There are engagements contracted, am
proye excited, and issue Is difficult from this dem
when the debate IL carried only under tho protecto
some great act which would be pledge given 10 the
'iona interest and means Of reconciliation with the
IT. in place Of that the status quo be prolonged in
mont, II is faed to end, the political result In wes
the religious result In schism. These the too
dangers not only 0r Piedmont, but for all Italy and
Europe andto w1sch political wisaom counsls Us MOTTO
cur eyes.
VIII.
POSITION OF THE ITALIAN PENINSULA STATES
Can the status quo SO difficult to maintain at Rome
Turin for the reasons We have just gwen continue
Ian, Naples Florence, Parma and Lucca?
AT Milan the Emperor of Austria sent Of the Archdv
him who had most sy mpathy for Italy The good in
lions Of the Archdukc Macmillan are known. He
his power with moderation which We are happy to
nit; but is the domination of Austria in Italy the n
solid for II? The qualities Of prince-tme itselfcai
nothing As Lord Pamerston said in lS49 in the desp
we have already quoted There is no chance for Aus
% keep in useful and permanent manner Upper TIA
Thus that sde instruction put down, often vanqu
ed, but never discouraged
At Naples the government il isolated not only in Ea,
by her position with respect to France and England,
also in Italy, by her rupture with the only State Il
which is seriously organized. The King Of Naples .
ara ne more snan any oher perhaps, weaxened as h
which exists In the south as in the north Of the Penns
Mention has recently been made Of document of 1
interest," and which explains the resistance Of the KIN
Naples to the combined diplomatic action Of the Ar 7
French alliance. BY the Sd article Of the Convesio
the 29th of April 1915, the two governmental of Au
ance having for its object to consolidate the state Of
and tranquility, internal and EXTERNAL of tho Two Sit
and ofaly in general" That treaty concluded in the
Of July following, stipulaes, in secret article, 'tha
Majesty the King of the Two Sciles shall not admit cha
which cannot be reconcilcd either with monarchic
situations or with the principles adopted by his Im
and royal Majesty for the internal government of his II
provinces" 10 Is Impossible 10 render dppdre
hand Of Austria. Evidcnaly, under such aipuIah
may Oe Wdt TtAcS 01 4NdpteS as az MttOn. Bu
King Ferdinand, who in 1S47 freed himself from
domination, always feel himself protected by itS
permitted TO believe that he feels tho humiliation
as the embarrassment Of IT, and that he would be
TO lend the hand TO an organization which, withou
JUDGING the prerogatvcs Of which he Is so Jealous
permit him 70 be an Italian PRINCE and TO win hac
sympathcs Of the intelligent men from whom nc
remain divorced the whole Of his reign Ia
Al Florence the Grand Duke Leopold has seen &C
The brilliant popularity which encirced him before
and the fruits OF which he gathered in his sponta
restoration to the throne. Between him and HE ! ,
stand the bayoncts Of Austria. Austrian domi
presses on Tuscany as on NapteA There s also o co
which confirms It, treaty of alliance, on;
and defensive, between the Emperor Of Austria,
the Grand Duke Of Tuscany delivers this part Of
TO the powerful hand which reaches her in the 4
as 10 the centre and the south. In order that this sit
should cease, that Florence should again become n,
as In the times Of the Medici, and that her Princes
recover their popularity, national government a
Italian army are as much needed IN Tuscany as in .,
man States.
At Parma the Grand Duchess has resisted bette
elsewhere the influence Of Austria, which she has NJ
mtted up 10 the present 70 have garrison In her
II Ia good example; and II is worthy Of remarli
this inspiration Of patriotism should emanate frs
heart OF q woman But the Duchess Of Parma, like
Sovereigns of Central Italy, is bound by treaties