New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-11-23
THE STATE OF EUROPE

LONDON, Friday Nov. 4, 1859.
Napoleon's letter 70 Victor Emanuel is certainly
sas most important fact which has become known
fhis week There Is no doubt that II had been
uuhl,bed by the desire Of the Emperor; but though
Z looks BIKE a Straightforward declaration, on De
part, as to the future organization Of Itsy upon
not very liberal plan, it impressed people IN general
with the belief that be tries TO get out Of us stpa
kiions Of yiIIafraDca ard Zurich. Indeed, his let
ter implies that he regrets having made peace, ana
though he invites Victor Emanael 70 submit, To-
seher with the italian nation, 10 the conditions Of
the u4aee 40, yet sigHe4 at Zurich, be will
insist upon propositions at the Congress
which il 70 assemLIe in December, which arc
simply illogical and impossible. According
IN these proposiions n representative government
II 10 BE- Introduced IN the Kingdom Of Naples, which
has not violated the sirictest neutrality during th
war which H. as yet, not disturbed by revolutions
whose kiEg hos mo-: the slighest intention Of grant
ino constitution, and who cannot be- forced b d
IL without foreign Intervention. The Pope, too, ia
ordered to reform in constitutional way; but %
force a Pope 10 do what be refuses il rather diff
cult Again, the Austrian Archduke Ferdinand
to return to Tuscany, and to get slice from Tia
Pope's dominion, without foreign Intervention, Will
Gayibaldi il nt tine head Of the IuscaBs and RO
maenoles; the Duke Of M0dena * tO give up
MS legitimate rights, and the Duchess Of Par
ma Is TO be reinstafed, not in ber Own
Safe but in AOdena Aud al this il to be accom-
pbshed without violence and foreign Intervention,
without battles and bloodshed, BY the mere decision
af the Congress- Still, the conditions forced upon
Francis Joseph are yet more astonishing. He IL 10
break up his cherished system OF Capitalization, to
rive national Administration, representation and
army 10 Venetis, and to declare the fortresses OF
Petehiera and Mantua federal forresses, which,
therefore, are TO be garrs0Ded by Sardinian Papab
Eeapolitan and Venetian troops We have 10 news
AZ vet what impression this letter has made at
Vienna, but we should not be astonished to
hear that Francis Joseph took it for per-
soual insult, since be is asked TO grant
to Venetia exactly that position which Hungary
Held in IS4S, and 10 destroy which Francis Joseph
waged an iDterDecine war, burdened the state with
a debt of FIVE hundred millions, and even submitted
to the humiliation OF a Russian intervention. Well
nav The Morning Post exelaim, that 10 hold Veneua
with Italian troops for Austria is not feasible
than for the Pope 10 govern bis States with Cal
whist synod / cannot help thinking that next
EpripQ we shall a witness second Italian cam
paRn, and that war viii be declared once more by
Austria. Even the participation OF France IN the
Moroccan war seems only 10 be pretext for main
tanning q strong military organization, and an
army, on a war footing in Algeria, which, at few
days notice, might be thrown upon the Italian Pc
uinsua.
Tie affairs of Hungary are in the mean while at
tracing public attention. The spirit of detection
which pervaded the nation after the day Of Villages
has essed 10 enthra the Hungarians; terrorism has
spent iis force ard hope fills again the hearts OF the
population. The Government everywhere meets
with Opposition The Protestant Church has unani-
rousy rejected the orders IN Council for it, orgaEi
cation. and even the Roman Catholics back this
Protestant movement, because II Is not merely re-
kgiOus, but also patriotic. The undergraduates Of
the Pesth University have signed petition to the
Emperor asking for the reintrOducti0n OF the Hun
garian e. the Language Of instruction and have
Kissed the Professors who attempted to lecture in
German They wanted 10 20 all to Vienna to place
The petition in the hands OF the Minister; but the
authorizes Of Buda threatened TO stop such a
demonstration BY force, at the same time advising
them TO send the petition by a deputation to the
Ministry. Accordingly deputation was sent to
Vienna. but Count Thun refused TO receive
fheu. and had them, besides, at indicted for
breach Of the privileges Of the University, since,
according to the new charter, the students cannot
be Represented by any deputation, bat exclusively
bY the Deans of the Faculties. II Is now entirely
iurnaterial whether these six young men are
imprisoned, as is anticipated in Hungary, or only
Expelled from the University, as The London TINES
correspondent intimates. SO much Il GER
tain that in the eyes Of the nation they will
DtcOIHt mnItsfs, anu Audl tuf fActhliph vi ohg
sentence against them will probably lead to such
demonstrations as the Minister for Instruction and
Public Worship hardly anticipates. The high aris-
tocracy has likewise given warningto the Govern
ment Prince Paul Esterhazy has removed his far
famed gallery Of pictures from MS palace at Vienna,
and cent it to Buda, aud other rich magnates have
declared their intention to spend the Winter at
Pesth, not at Vienna, while the political leaders of
the aristOcracy, the ex-Chancelors, Counts Maj
hath and Appony, and Baron Josika, supported by
u great array Of the most illustrious names, have
given their ultimatum to the Emperor, defining the
concessions which alone can cOnciliate Hungary
They ares A complete administrative separation
Of Hungary from Austra the reunion of Transyl-
yania Croatia, aud the VOyvodna: the reOrganiza-
ton Of the municipal institutions ON the basis of
lS49; Diet, and an independent financial admin
istration. In fact they claim for Hungary what
Napoleon claims for Venetia. The Hungarian
snagna.es were dismissed by the Emperor in high
dudgeon. We shall see what he will answer to the
French Emperor.