Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1859-02-19
~ASSARjB1 Try.
Types and Type Making.

The Cincinnati G0;cHc. in dcscribinc
fac branches of manufacture represented
in1'incinnati, rcmarks
s. We propose to devote short chapter to
the manufacture of common newspaper
yresy and i'll subsequent number sneak
If the electrotypc process. Plain ncwspa-
SSFpcr and book types of different sizes are
Known by different names and these sizes
arc uniform or nearly so the world over
N~d'he first in order is called "Pica," which
81 is derived from Cicero, and so named be-
.s4Qalse it was first used in printing the WIN
StlFsS OF Cicero. 1t takes about six on
Stlt4ni placed side by side to make an inch.
n besizes that are larger than plea arc call
Ied two line plea, three line plea, &c The
'9'F'tsaets-ot this paper, at the top of the first
pSSc, is four hllb plea The next Size
A,lsmallcr than pcaSs called "Small Plea
sAsalnedx from itsjbcine smaller than plea.
next lndze below this is " Long Prim-
icr,2 The next smaller is Bourgeois
nahed after Frcnchman, who was master
- printers when it was first introduced
{ sI5rerier Is the next size and so named
because 1t was first used III printing the
BrevIary, book containing the daily ser
wee OF the Roman Catholic Church. lie
], sseNt in order is " Mnion," which means
tepder, gentle, darling, or favorite. so
Aaniod because it was the smallest and
laost delicate in use at that time. The
) siie&t smalleris " Nonparicl," which means
aE discovery not to be surpassed, and evil
t!eptiy shows that the manufacturers sun
posed That it was the smallest that conid
possibly he made. The next four sizes in
-rfs- =, 10 IN.
NIrtthe precious stones, because
ra;Y delicate and expensive. The
ftyFr,oSJEaftcd are too small for newspaper
.wofb and Pearl is seldom used except in
book work.
] Type metal is composed principally of
+ TN lead and antmony. These constitu-
EMS are varied in their relative proportions
by different founders The types were for
!. p4,Xy Gust BY hand, or the metal poured in
n y an1nS Scnfortshy contrivcd matrix held in
\ thehand, but type casting machines arc
now used which do the wovl; much better
'eore rapidly
Houlds are made of tempered steel
lire. to be fitted very neatly there
osfcw men skilfu enough to per-
Swork properly. The dies which
ace OF the type, and which gives
Its form, are made of copper, and
Weston of the letter is sunken in by
ST punchupon the end of which
be has been cut or engraved TO
ST letters requires great skill. Stew
y Scotland, is acknowledged to be the
q therhying, and most of the finest die
- CIR er2asnfl IN the world are cut by him.
tbd New York, has also received
raise for his skill i'm this rare me-
4, After the types leave the moulds. they
4 ore taken to the finishing room, and any
rpughncss that may have been caused in the
sopcration of mouldiHg, is obviatcd by rub
s5ng them upon perfectly fat stone. The
yt5pes are then set up in row, each kind by
sitsclf, and placed upon the dressing rod,
(which is flat strip of brass about one yard
Wong, a1d having a shoulder on one edge,
lsaaa so constructed as to hold the type firmly
@tc GhesSottoms are planed off precisely
ArlghS cAgth, which is the same the
,rld over, and n small groove cut in the
: bottom, Which prevents any tendency to
= zip over OF lean in the form The types
arc then passet Gothic next, who examines
each one separately, through magnifying
glass, and picks out every one that shows
any lmperfection In finishing, very skill
stai operators are required, because if the
slightes Sseiation in the size Of the type
aeesrs fhey are wholly spoiled.
For the information of such of our read
as are unacquaintcd with types, We
9oltld state that the caption of the above
aktIels Is sctup" in {" I}rcyicr Claren-
atss1, and tile entire article in " Long Prim-
the first three lines having "Ieaas"
letween them, which gives them a more
= appearance.
y ~ HAT IS DEATn.--A French chemist,
giving definition of death, says q You
not die, you only change your state of
- sgegatIonz IL is true, your nitrogen,
your hydrogen, and your carbonate oGpar
s4'tej they are distributed through the at
niesphefe, peGetyatc plants and animals, |
8 os3arc absorbed By The earth; but as no
atJrl peFishss, you continue to exist; the
saly difference is, that you find yourself
eeS 70 sQore simple expression /"
Ortioh Of the swamps in Flor
be capable of producing FIVE
Bushels of frogs to the acre, with
es enough for fencing.