New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-09-24

invention.
RECENT IKFKovyxESr. ~ THE MANUFACTURE OF
IRoS AND SrEELIt is not merely the intrinsic vaae
II rev inventions or discoveries which should induce
Ne to examine them but it is important TO DO so a.
many new ideas may be suggested TO those practically
acquainted with the subject Of which they treat which
might not otherwise be thought off, it is, therefor
10, Only interesting bu, at the same time important to
examine some Of the new methods which are con-
s.anty proposed to facilitate the manufacture and i'm
prove the quality Of iron and steel 1t would appear
tina. there are even more inventors in the Geld recent
~ than generally the csse if We may judge from the
many methods which have lately been proposed.
Among other inventions those of heSrs. Morgan,
CarmoLt, Corbett and Mushet merit some consider
GRAFTON from the manufacturing community, inasmuch
as they emanste from wellknown practical men. The
invention of Morgan relates to the smelling of iron
ores, in which the quantity of alumina present is
equal TO- or exceeds half the quantity Of silica,
and the invention consists in employing as huX in
the blast furnace when smelling such Ores sandstone,
sand in fact any other matter which contains silica
in comparatively pure form-thst is to say, where
the proportion of that substance n about per cent
any substance containing less than this would be
altogether unsuitable lux, according to this in
vention owing TO the increase Of fuel requires and
also the large quantity Of impurities which would be
introduced by it into the furnace. When ores con-
tanning silica in quantity less than double the al
umirs are smelted in the ordinary manner, the a.
uuipa renders the Stag nfnsble and thick and the
working of the furnace is imperfect, while the iron be-
comes at the same time deterorated. In carrying out
his invention, Mr.. Morgan operated upon ore kno wn
a. Cleveland stone which contains of aumins
%, and of silica s.62 Now when, according TO this
invention iron ores are employed which contain pro-
portions Of silica and sumina different from that
above the quantity of sandstone should be regulated
so that the silica and aumirs in the charge may bear
to each other the same or nearly the proportion
as was the case with the Cleveland ropstone, which
was Jas follows Cacined .stone ii cvt.; sand:
stone containing 90 per cent of Silica II cwt; lime
stone containing SO per cent Of silica, 4cwt. This
invention consists in adjusting the proportion OF the
silica and alumins in the charge by the addition OF
silica, where ores are employed which do not contain
,uch quantity of silica when combined with lime to
form sag) - will cary down the alumna which the
ore contains, and at the same time produce suii-
GENTLY fluid Stag. In this manner Mr.. Morgan Is eu-
abed to sme ores of this description as advantageous
" as ores which naturally contain silica and auminS in
such proportions as to produce fluid or fusble alag
1t will be seen that the principal feature in this method
consists in employing silica as tux. Now, as has
been remarked the use of silica is as well known "
ought to be- by all who have charge of furnaces a.
limestone, and consequently the mere employment OF
that substance for that purpose would net ts
use by others either in the form Of sandstone or sand
but we are told by Mr.. Morgan that he is aware that
silica has been used before fux but heretofore
il has been used with ores which do contain sufficient
silica to carry down the aumina-that is to say, ct
least two of silica to one of alumna-but which new
ertheless do not contain silica enough to make sui-
Gent Stag to protect the iron from the blast and for
the proper working of the furnace. This inventor
claims only the employm Of silica where it is used
together with ores in which the quantity of alumina
present equal to exceeds onehaf OF the quantity
Of silica According to Messrs. Csrmont & Corbett
invention the ues Of furnaces for the production OF
wroughtiro steel are 80 constructed a. to rise
perpendiculary from the CRATE, as to carry of all
deeterous gases generated in the process Of manufsc
ture and also in preventing suoh deeterious gases
coming in contact or becoming Incorporated with the
metal so manufactured. Furnaces thus constructed
cause the heat powerfully to reflect and reverberate
upon the metals and at the same time prevent all
with the metal while in state Of fusion Mr.. Mushet,
the well-known metalurgst, has stated his invention
to consist in manufacturing caststes from csst-iron
whish has been wholly or nearly decarbonized, by
passing air through it while in molten state; the
conversion Of the said iron into being effected
by melting the same and treating il while melting or
when melted with triple compound or mixture con-
sstpg of or containing iron, carbon and manganese
Mr. Nushet states that the of his invention
consists in adding the triple compound to the decar-
bombed rop and that by preference he manufactures
his triple compound by reducing "spiegel axen,
which contains from two to eight parts of manganese,
in every one hundred parts of ron together with the
proportious Of carbon contained in castron but the
compound may be at the same time obtained
in any convenient manner. To obtain cast-steel
possessing medium degree Of hardness, lbs. OF
the triple compound to be added to 80 lbs. OF
iron; when hard quality of steel is desired, be- OF
the compound must be added to "a lbs. of ron and
lastly to obtain very soft STEEL he adds lbs Of the
compound to 80 lbe. of iron. The principal feature Of
this patent appears to be the regulation Of the hard
ness of the steel desired by varying the proportion OF
the triple compound. This invention resembles very
much severa Of Be,semers methods, Of which it al
most appears to be but modification.
No. 1875 .atenue des Champs Elyte,, Paris.
INSULATED CAsTTsGs.-Mr. Calvin Adams of Pitts
burgh, Pa, has recently discovered that an important
electrical change takes place, when molten iron solid
fees in cooling. BY insulating the molds, and the
man pouring in the liquid metal, the castings from