, 1859-04-04
LETTER IT.


F'ann 10 Ctnsrafia--B<s1 n:h<at Sotf-Frnft
-Tobateo- - I3nts- - &ffk--RteA Mineral
Ujs1rfef South Of [fnsraEfa.-Lfx<s Of
Communication toffi Orsan bH ~t'ft0 Or"
Erbaua-LarEr GrnzfnE Farm - .HaE-
aEsm<uf OF sloeL-.LFniforu.fty OF SoH,
Efr., Etc
From Puma took the railway to Ccutralia, a
station about sixty miles farther south, and, il
nearly straight fine, sixty miles east from St.
Louis IN the Mississippi. 1t is the point Of
Junction Of the main line Of the Illinois Central
ruilway with its branch 10 Chicago, and is about
lUp miles north Of the southern terminus Of that
line Ut Cairo. The surrounding country is tile
gruy prairie soil Of southern Illinois, which pro
duces tllc finest quality Of white wheat III the
State but is not 50 prolific Of Indian corn or oas
as the black prairie already described. It Is,
however, Il superior fruit country, and possesses
climate sui1ablc for the culture of tobaccn,
vines. and even Of silk, though the last branch
Of Industry has made HI progress. Of tobacco
there is produced annually nearly a million
Pounds weight, and the crop of fruit is valued 1T
E2HW,WM
But the whole country for TIC next thirty or
forty miles is also underlaid with valuable min
erals, which ut no distant dav Mill be highly
priced. Limestone, marble, freeStone, tug,
slate, iron, and coal are all found here. The
thickness. The Du Quoin coal is Of Il glossy jtt
black, ignitcs rapidly, docs not cliukcr, und
yields small amount ash. In chemical com,
pcs,tion eise!s iGsc1ln'es ~ ~. eeal eo'
-; ~ oto anu ~ I'a f',t nus .,i
a,.n "1s.ag fro,,, ~. .',f,trr ,,,,,
employed us domestic fuc}-trnnesS to bear
distant trausportation--and readiness III COX
ing, yielding large per centagc of liked car
hun.
The distance Of this part Of ihc State from tile
Stcat e@Fh 1i1A'hel " cHeaS', neasls ~ ":.":'
as .iinei!3 iet1 uca ~ :e..ie.nt' !Gi
and pa-veu ,i, IT,, w.. t
49,. H., ~ sa;tranI III. :; ,,i..aJ t1,r',t T.
Nv .'1s L.! ~ r. -
'e" ot.ea,' "ien ~ ii,:, :" " MM"n IT,
,.,. ~" ,,.,,s i,.s r.1s ts' emn ~ ~ ,'s
p'"uEnii "ttts nou. *" ~ ,:, :2 - i:,,1o - "
sonS sIps 81 1ae" oI'ss'ls. Ma.cn ~ .nt,s ,nae
-. .1''n H., l'',' t,ia.',; .ns J = t , ., - T,,is
~ .ne ,,i ,ia's. ~" ..'a. 4ne as ta,s IT,
', nnete ..'e' y! =" "nea' - 5.o"n, o""a
lhroMn open :" a'nerca; elfcun!5laass ea.is
,rs ,n; ~, ~. s',a;,, s',.,,S, ~ 10 H.
80. -. ~ rt''.A" - 49,. .s ~. s','....
80. na' c",s:...'. 49,.
o. "e!ns hep. III Wy" III lo!Ml'ns au esssl.e =
'ne comparative 'aiue u olneFeol parts u '''t
State.
From Gentraoa ofoFe throoSn tne eountF}
nssl Soot!""lu ior npoul 'en n.ieS' al,a i'sr'
NaIA 10 MY sne nol.h ostMeen 'wen't anu ai.'a1
!1'''es tnc aspec' VI i'le country from lAc io'a
~ VI, uausiea itoti ai: :. ~ "'s .;,,.tE
10 Iece,'e ~ pass',E rpiu'te o'sF - a.. ~" ~
:. .ti .:.i .hnna =; s',n ,..,ai H. NJ
n - r,o,, nrc ~ ;adnn - ,hnt ~, ;ncl;ncI -
.tJ n:I =, ~, .' t. ea' ..'a -, ~ - -. f1,. ,
ti na' ". .''e f. eea,s sna oJ o 1un
Pteu. lac 'ainun "a. ns ~ .su' NV
PI;''i'atiohs n'auc, WI a''se tnG ais.,ieln g
cfiaEaefer " pfnr,e' 'ud assume ~ s'Iu''1Hf;
aspect u ! rieu "el!eitheo rnfa' nls1i1et. S"t ~
! Is Tue pfa1fle micI more e pare oi "oGu G'el "
preseht; taa' hl"s VI 'ie ncst a'.1ole o'stI'r's
~ Seotlahd. al"hs inc '3ollo": seoopeo out y
| lHe Ttsets ana stfr"H's 'hcTe Is aWa}s "ohtt::
land. The w""dpecker. prasr1e towl, and 9ua'i
are seen IN abundance I ne hickory tsec y'ea4
nuts, The maple sugar and hugs are turned 1ht'
thu """ds to eas the mast. onthc "pcn t!f"nn'i
'As road, which = mere track over the prairie.
Is constantly undergoing, ch;!t't., lor tue NJ"
settler 1'uts W lsls tsnct on l's boundary l.'r'
r1:it across 1he Track Inc tsa'eieT 1''u:t ,i'n
strike track ior himself; ores,afas. CHIEFLY "l
pc4chrs' are c'sfsMhtfe peaaG P.an'eu lear ;.c
h"'lles'taas' ohe 1arther' WIZ il'u reen n,'e ~:
years Ill INC country toll me 11lat he ahu '''s
fanny cropped ciEh'' :cleS' thu t'e w.
| s'c'a III "'!eu1 " " 'neH't !" '"c"! nsc "u;t'
els an acre anu III lnola11 eolh lolts. he
"on1d pTooa"t ia'tsh !oft$ H"ss' WORTH 90
each. H1 i'aa EocA VI 1nleriof n:r1'lo snGel
III fatler ~" conot'"n bt luz t:..'c VI .,'''
Prsl1lt were 1ntse ana ~ E"ou es'''ua.ioa' W." i
| Eo"a sh't. 411ee-ttal o'u "Aen' 'a'Te ;'''u ~
l1lf c"aolt"n Tor slat1''eeaos' ase ''laea III ""'
more than IL.
| Must now ash the fcadrf 10 urn paeh WIZ
me III n"rtigastcriF direction, ny INC oranct
Inc VI tue ra,s|ay, toward t1icago IN 1.ilH .:I
course We sha!l have Sis'anee " ~ h1'lts ss'i
10 {FaferSe. f"r Hea7't elEHls 1'!iles .'' H. ~
tentraI t rtts eon.GSs u rrs, luz sanG
.1'i % "',en , 1 1"s; d h.,t",
t,au" ~ ot.A WI, 'l.N ,.1t,. -, ret;tl
e,..,,,, oa-., y -, ,,,;t'iI' F,, ~, III ~,
,,, !, ~ !. ,nr nus ~ ,';.,'r.ss. ,,'r, u.'n,,tl
int ol., ncar th, rGyrr h,tt,a,,, 1nur, liahle /,
1.,',r s ~, ", ',r,,n |"e 1-' N'S' N''' -
W. ~ T,.,sta ,,,,,; ,,,;.;n, f:cr,n,u sc3
t,on'o,,, ! ,,t 4 n.,.rc,,. ,',,',';e,ur ,,In t,,
a. 1n,,',, m, ',., - =, t,.;s ,.rt a. q;
H.. - ~, ocr!, n. Lad hc'r,,, T., },nnrnvs
H., ~, i'm ,'r,;r;,' f,r ,;i,at y;t ,,h;cl
- H.. ni H." '",, ,,;,,, ~ h,n,. ',,,." ifs IL.
- - hr;n1, t,o ;,,,i ,,1,. M, ,,no1 irwin.
I,,n1 ~ ,a t., Ky " '. ,,r!ss s:,,,ns
i..,' '.'.;aat ~ atl,r.t;.n;,, E"a,,,c, wan m,
~, .,t,1s i ~ no .,,;, ~ r,,,,,ct, or Ill.,. RI;
,,'n.a ,,,,.t In ;nf,,;,r =, o"r ~, l;,n"s,nn
in' ''" =; % Er,,io,i ~ IL, ii; ,,o ,i'., tw, ac,,.
ri;' t, Ill.,. .-,.a. l,,,I ,,,., ,,,,.f tn f,ttr
- ,hrc. 't'n ,,r"1lf sh"t h,r,, ~ H., hnm.s Il
,,,l ~ 1an1 1,ft.'l,1 lx ,;,,,,thr onri nraj
~, viii ,ll s r,tti, t;,r tirrc o1 fn,,r 1nonl,s
| ,.:f. ~. ~: IT, IT,; a.'I .1' L.;- H.. r,i,;,.,t. :.
" -, ~ t -. ,' ,,r.n,H ~; s.nd h;s c,11,,
- H.. H. .t .;id ..,.ne E.,an,',., ,., ,n,rsn .n
.i, nne.! -. =. ~" ln,t,et, ,.-a~;.
~ ~ G,'n,1 ',ra,, adron,,ro H.. Tia ;nf,nJur
49, ~ a " ;,r'lxs hr."ds # r,,c from, En,la,,t
~; -, ,,;n,, H., ,hr,..vsnr.oIJ shnT
'', ~ -. s,,;, l",,.1 ,,t,;,:J NJ enod s-
.,a ho,t.'1 ,tt. ,t,n ,tr, h,,..d y
E 'e .n.''t.i ~ ....nr. Ill
's eUun .,. .;a,;' ora h.
fail''4 Is n1M T'., s''. '".s W
S1H pl.ltV. A"'utI ..o' ..',ss!. sou:.s "se
s'e'l l"e!e oot '.". is'e1s - VIC .4''
1r.c' u. "cn sn.s - suols 10 uecoi1e ;nt IG!,'s'
i"c e'hli"Ah'': ~ $500 1i!u
Soung 1Iu' nau i'u VI. 49, II ,t, 49,"
IN W!l1ch NJ ia" i-l:,e suPr!'es g! a1 1he Eequi:
"es ~ iaii'ti 1 suIsenolo. ls s.es aiteIu Ii
leaeueu .,' e ~ - ~ G."i
I's4! ~ ,H.'i ~ it,,i..., 10y r. - .I"t-' t.o 49,.
Ill.," W - IT, tsuai .,,t' r;tIs,,s - ~ % =; r.. e..
"'eS !of na@ei au's; '.uG"ns 'ol 'l'"ss ~ "a. .
nothing was or'ust. ~ ss'''t ma. nc 1gloSga &c,
| 'ahe ~ Pr'ee' ~" ~ pay '"' ~ hinu. anei
seems 70 oc marker !or s'cFS'ilhg in 'ae g
lie sfai!l ol tfaa'hg 's 70 1nofongn!t II
grained N the people. +At every station Is to
seen large ""odcn STORE with the wore
cash Tor wheat con:n'cuons'y printed "
| Thu daily quotations 1t Clneasn are known u
| telegraph ut every station, a''c The price, le'
cost ot sraMsrort, rlsE and rrt'nt. are arrange
without difficulty. The wheat shis Year Oh II
southern prairie is worth twice ~ much p'
busicl as thns ol the northern biaeS 1and:
From Farina t"ok the Railway to Urban
nearly 1"p liies further north. the lnter'enl'
country being parallel with and much the SAL
kind Of land as that already described nt Tar
and Decatur The town ot Crbana Is sltuatt
III the midst Of i fine rolling black prairie, vii
i solid mass of so1nc t,nl4' acres Of timber as
. background. 1spenttw lays'n driving thro,t:
tie prairie i'll the nel:,hl'or1ood, taking circ
i If about twenty miles,. The wheat farmers ;
l. complained "f the nearly total loss they sad I'll
= year sustained in their whcat crop, and soi
: large landluldcr$. nnt farmers by profcssio
| were 50 nlucn a!afLnfu ~ 'Hc '"~9 ~ 'ne -
| that thcy had discontinued sowing wheat. U
Min spuke of peach Erowingas q matter Of pi