, 1859-12-13

fital question to the rights and interests Of the
South, and on this question he believed large 1
portion, II not the wholes Northern Democracy
.as unsound: &c believes, aud Southern peo'
pie beliere, thst they had the right under the
Constitution to enfgrate to anJ Of the Terri
tories with their alatc property, End when there
!hey hare the right to the projection Of the La"
in the enjoynnen. oftheir property md Congress
duty to do it: 1t csnnot be disputed TINT this
is not the position Of the Northern Democracy,
et least that portion who follow Douglas. They
deny. the power Of Congress over the subject,
and deny that Congress can exercise jurisdic-
tion 30 as to gre that protection They say
ries themselves, IN Territorial form. and xhen
n sufficient number OF people 60 into Territory
to form political community, they hare eom-
plete rightto regulate the subject Of Slayery as
they please, and neither Congress nor any hu-
man tribunal has the power to interfere. Now
Wilmot Prosiso. when he said the Democratic
party were at least corruptible be did not allude
to them in moral sense, but spoke IN Po-
itiea1 sense, thinking the time was fast coming
when they would be 70 under the pressure Of
strong a9d oserwhemng sen.,men. a ha tne
tionized, they would becomeso.
Ar. BiKler, of Pa, was surprised to hear the re-
marks Of the Senator the other day. lie thought |
he did the Democratic party ut the North great
injustice, for he certainly used strong language
and went on at some length to pFoTe they
% sbe RcpuSieaa ] pau psr.y. IT. B. B. would tsl him
that such declaration had no foundation, IN |
fact. Not only hare no portion Of the Demo"
craticparty sympathised with Brown in his atro-
cious onslaught upon Virginia, but as little DO |
they sympathise with Aboltionism- lie was
it went; but justice required him to declare
that the Northern Democracy had 1abored day
out Of day. in season and out Of season, in de-
fence Of the rights Of the South.
Mr. 1verson-1 said that reEy thing IN my re-
marks. but in the other, case referred to that
OF Douglas, who has denied the rights OF the
Southern people.
Mr. Dieier said the Senator from Georgia
could hardly realize how the expression, "sot-
tenness Of the Democratic party" fell on big
ears. At the North, Democrats were called
Of the South. There we're different opinions
among Democrats with regard 70 the question Of
Territorial rights, upd be would not say they all
agreed with Mr. Iverson, but they bad no gym
pathy with the Abolition party, and every De-
inocratic paper IN the country ms deRo1nesa
opinion Of this question was simply this:
We don't claim that the Consultation establishes
slavery or prohibits it, but the Constitution
most expressly declares that the States arc pei,
fectly equal. and provides that new States shall
come into the Union On terms Of perfect equal.
ity with The old States. II is NOT denied that
| the Territories are property Of the States IN
common, and Congress Is simply their trustee.
| It is upon this principle Of perfect equality,
equity and justice that these common owners
have equal rights 10 the occupancy and enjoy
nent OF territory SO long as ts territorial exist"
ence remains. lie believed the common law
would afford all the protection in any territory
whereyerit is alleged that Territorial Legisla-
ture has transcribed its legitimate authority to
the detriment of prirate rights. That
il question for the Judiciary. and
rhsn en-. the qaci1nFy g5sf tbi 9uega%spii gsaezsi
Government must be employed to carry ou.
the law thus defined. It is simply the broad
doctrine allowing the people Of Territory to
exercise just that authority which they may e1-
ercise under The constitution and the Law. When
dispute arises whether they transcend their
but for the Courts. Holding that opinion, ] do
not beliere nm an Abol1sionlst,. nor these
whom | represent do not seek in any way
to disturb the rights Of my Southern brethren
From the hour first came into political life to
the present day, ] believe l haze never gone
through q political campaign in which the
rights Of The South was not lending issue:
Ii the North we haEe been constantly assailed
by tho opposition. They are assailing tile
Democratic party eyery day on tue groaud that
We are subsersieut to the South, and are pro-
slavery men. We say we simply seek 10 na1n-
States. Our object is to put down this spirit
Of crimination, which must ultimately lead to
alienation and separation between people who
ought to be friends and brethren. Ar. BigleE
thought he had spent IN hour in The defence
| Of tho rights Of the South where Mr. 1yerson
had spent one minute, and he could not sit still
under such inputations as the Senator had hurl-
| cd at the Democratic party, without telling him
be done injustice to the Northern Democratic
| party, which has stood like a bulwark between
the South and the Abolition!sts. Break down
ut Jour peril!
Mr. Pueh, OF O., was glad Mr.. Iyerson hndmade
the explanation. He would give notice that on
some Convenient occasion, be should hare some
thing to say on the subject. We have heard
just exactly enough Of this TO require something
more. II the Democrats Of the Southern States
hold the sentiments Of Mr, 1versou, ne want TO
know it before the meeting Of the Charleston
Convention, and We intend TO know II, o. al
lanst do 50 far as question or ausw er can bring
it from the representatives, Of the Democratic
party of the Southern States, whether they SYM
| pathfse with such sentiments
BIZ. Iverscn-I nu ready to answer any time,
and will do SO to your hearts content. s..
Nr. johnson, Of Tenn, proceeded to discuss
Masoa's RESOLUTION, replying to Trumhull's de.
fence Of the Republican. platform. He denied
that Congress possessed any sovereign power
! over LQE 1eElIsutltb. 4La puHEA6 nG4E A1Ntett
those given By the States and oy the constitu;;
tion. lie asked Mr. Trumhu1l what be would
do with the black population when it goes into
the Terri.or;esr Would be let the free colored
people who elntgrate there hare an equal foot
lug. with the white populations Let US reduce
operate. Will he, under the idea that men are
created equal, and the power Of The Federal
| government is sovereign in the Territories,
allow black people equal political rights with
white people! The Senator from Illinois had
spoken Of s!areholding aristocracy, compris.
ing only one out Of sixty Of the people OF this
country; but this WAS mere sophistry. He pro-
ceeded 10 show that the emancipation Of the
Southern slares would ia fact increase tie po-
litical power Of the South; for iustend Of three.
ffths Of the s1avea being represented politically
| all would he. Notwithstanding the declaration
"all men are created equal,S the Northern
States are unwilling to allow the blacks to re-
sidekiu them.
Mr. Trumbull explained. Il was an abstract
truth that alI men were created FREQ and equal,
but when we come to form government and or,
ganize society, all persons do not hare equal
rights. The assertion in the Republican plat
form was copied from the Declaration Of 1nde-
| peudence. Il WAS merely the euunciati0n Of a
great national truth. Ia the organization of So
ciety We infringe as little as possible On that na:
tiona! right; but no government is psrtset, and
between white and blacks, and also between the
| political rights Of men md women.
Mr johnson asked it Arizona we're colonized
and filled up altogether with free co1ored peo'
pie, would be be willing to admit it as slave
State upon an equal footing with the other
States Of the contederucy?
Alr. Truubull answered that hc would not nd
nit any community applying to become one ol
| the members Of this confedetacy by the admis
sion Of which he supposed he was endangerine
the pesce Of the Union itself. In his judgment
there Was distinction between the white and
bta:k races, made by Omnipotence-he did no,
believe these two races could lire happily and
pleasantly together-e aeh enjoying equal rights
without one domineering over The other
Therefore, he advocated the policy Of separa.
ting these races By adopting system 10 rid
the country OF the b!ack rnce a. it becomes
free. lie would say that he should not be pre-
. pared under the existing state Of affairs to nd
NIT as sovereign State Of this Union com
! nnunity Of negroes nor Indians either.
Mr. Iohuson thanked him for that admission
He proceeded TO chow whence John Brown:
forsy originated, and rcad extracts from Jefer
J sons works and other documents, showing tha1
; both the elder Adams and John Quincy Adam.
: contemplated the idea Of dissolution Of tht
! United States. John Adams refused to contri
butte 10 IN Institution Of learning IN Southern
State because, when the Union would be dis
solved, it would not be in bis section.
Ar. johnson also took up Senator Seward
/ Rochester speech, reading copious extracts eua
!, bracing that portion in which be speaks Of ar
| IfrepresSibfe conflict between Sl1re labor ant