The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1859-10-01

|
same sense in which it was used by Mr.
Jefferson In his plan for establishing gov
| ernments for the new States in the Terri
| ty ccded and to be cedcd in the United
| States, and By Mr. Madison in his propo-
s!tion to confer on Congress power to in
sttute temporary governments for the ne1o
| States arising IN the unappropriated lands
| of the United States, to designate the po-
! litical communities, Territories as well as
! States within the dominion of the United
| States The word ".>tates' is used in the
same sense in the ordinance of the 18th Of
| July, 1897, for the government of the Ter
! rltory northwest OF the river Ohio. which
was passed by the remnant of the Congress
| OF the Confederation, sitting in New York
| while its most eminent members We're at
Philadelphia, as delegates to the Federal
! Convention, aiding in the formation of the
! Constitution of the United States
In this sense the word State" is used
III the clause providing for the rendition of
| fugitive slaves, applicable to all political
/ communities, under the authorities of the
| United States, including the Territories
as well as the several States Of the Union.
/ Under any ether construction the righ, Of
/ the owner to recover his slave would be
restricted 10 the .State5 Of the Union, leav-
ing the territories a secure place Of refuge
Tor all tugitlves The same remark is ap-
/ plicab!e to the clause Of the Constitution
( which provides that a person charged in
/ any .Stgtr with treason, felony, or other
I crime, who shall flee from justice, and be
found IN dltOti.cr State shall. on the demand
Of the executive authority Of the .Snte
from which he fed. be delivered up TO be
/ removed 10 the State having Jurisdiction
OF the crime. Unless the term State. a.
used III these provisions OF the COustitu-
/ ton, shall be construed - include every
. distinct political community under the iu-
I risdiction of the United States and TO ap-
ply 10 the Territories as well as TO The
States OF the Union, the Territories must
/ become a sanctuary for all the iug.tiyes
from service and justice, for all the teionS
and criminals who shall escape from the
several States and seek refuge and in
Inunity in the Tcrr,igrlza.
If any other illustrations were necessary
to show that the political communities
which we now call Territories (but which
during the whole period OF the Conteder-
alton aud the formation OF the CoEstitu-
ton were always referred 70 as States.
or New states, } are recognized as States
in S5U,e of the provisions Of the ConStitu-
ton, they may be found in those clauses
which declare that no State shall enter
into any treaty alliance or confederation
grant letters OF marque and repri.al coin
money; emit bills of credit; make any
, thing but gold and silver coin tender in
payment ot debts; pass any bill of attain
ii, ls O' -. ,.ie
or rlII;.,."
=
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= 49,. ;T',r,s,d 80 .L, t,I RI I:','-.'
,rt,., L,t. No., ~ 81, r.. - -
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C.r,.,-,.. l IL. .1,.-,li ,..',...,,.,., g..
the reason ,b,. omission >, dnr'ara arl.
,,,cI, T,oyy.rs in the Con.riru,i-'r ,r,s ot H.
If = rroiiLi,i,n ar5 :, d-s,-,.I =, ~
80. t.,,,,. Nv. H.. I|i,i, a,,.,,,,.,,t ,,.t;I
IL, 49,. -. 49,. iII',,j -.
~. It'll ,,,r.s H.. H. t,,,,....,.=~,, 49,,
,,rr-t:..,i h.. :. >, H.. ST. 60. -,
sI =, ,b. -,c-..s ~l..,s,..;vI,. ~. ~ ,,,e 80,
,l,.
Hoo. = ,,-,,.I.; o,.r,,;..r ), ,,,,,-,..,,.
r,r Ih,. SIT ~, rh.. - ~ -
tb.... mowers Lur for the r.r,r,,l,;,;3r, con,
r,ined in those uroy-si,n. Of .hs. t',,s.;t,,-
ton. AID iua.,i:uch as the Prohibition on
: lv extends to the states. the ueople of
the Territories are still at liberty 20 ex-
ercisc them. unless the Territories are in
cluded within the term .Srtes within the
/ meaning Of these provisions of the Cor,ti.
/ tuition of the. J'uited States
1t ONLY remains 10 be shown that the
COMPROMISE measures of ju.and the Kan
sas Nebraska act of l>j4 are in r-erf.ct
harmony with. and a faithful embodiment
! of the principles herein enforced A brief
. history of these measures will disclose the
principles upon which they are founded
/ On the oOth of January. 1850 Mr. CLAW
! introduced into the Senate a series of res
/ olutions upon the slavery question which
were intended to form the basis of the sub
! sequent legislation upon that subject -
/ Pending the discussion OF these rcsol,,-
tions, the chairman of the Committee on
! Territories rrepared and reported to the
/ Senate. on the 18th of March. two bills
one for the admission of California ito
the Union of the States. and the other for
I the organization of the Territories of Utah
| and New Mexico. and for the adjustment
/ of the disputed boundary with the State
/ of Texas, which were read twice and prn-
ted fortheuse OF the Senate On the 18th
of April a select committee of thirteen
/ was appointed, on motion of Mr.. Foote, of
/ NiSSis.inpi of which Mr. Clay was made
cL,;rr,tn md 10 which were ro..,rraI oil
:1-''.-, ''1-,' "a.
! PthdihS pIoPositlohs Iei''iliS to 'Hc Nia' c'H
! question. On the 18th OF May, Mr. Clay,
from the select committee OF thirteen,
submitted to the Senate an elaborate report
covering all the points IN controversy ac'
companled by a bill, which Is usually known
as the 'cmhious biiL by reference 10
'he provisions oi 'nis oiii as /, appeared
on the files OF the Senate, IL VIII be seen
that ii is composed of the two printed bills
which had been reported by the Commit
! -, ,ra,.u;+o,.;as ~, H. .ri.h of Nh
~ >i 49, ~, o,,I,- - =
previous anu tiia' the oiit hia'erIa'
change in its provisions, involving an i'm
portant and essential principle, is to be
found in ,batanth scc,inn which nrascihas
and Jaf;ras tba no,rars of ,ba rarr;tn.;al