The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-06-23

"The Austrian corps which fought against us are
those of Clam alias Zobel, Schwartzenberg and
Lichstenstein. Field Marshal Gyulai commanded
in person. .,-.s..f 5-a-..s.. .,..f, ,...r
''Thus, five days after their departure from Ales-
sandria, the allied army had given three combats,
gained battle, cleared Piedmont of the Austrians
and opened the gates of Milan. Since the combat
of Montebello the Austrian army has lost %, 900
men in killed and wounded, 10000 prisoners, and
II guns" r.sr. y'- ss,f F.. ..'4a.+ .a
Correspondence Of the London Ne,os.l t
MAGENTA, June 7.-Y esterday evening not with
out great difficulty, succeeded in getting here to
inspect the field o. the glorious battle fought on
Saturday last. My pen is not adequate to describe
the heart-rending which surrounds me-
Trees thrown down by the dreadful effects of artil-
lery: heaps of dead bodies, human limbs scattered
about, carriages broken, farm houses burnt, crops
trampled, vineyards devastated, houses plundered
such is the deplorable sight which has met my
eyes since my arrival in this town. Town, howev-
er, Magenta is more. The small Inn whence |
am writing these lines bears marks of the ire
mendous struggle, for it was thrice taken and re-
taken during the action. Not a piece of furniture
is to be found, not even chair to sit upon. Some
OF the details sent you on Sunday not quite
correct. The field guns captured by our troops
were not twenty but four. | was led into an error
| by a man who showed me some other guns which
were captured at Paestro and Borgo Vercelli.
The battle of Magenta not begun by our
troops but by the Austrians, who, although in full
retreat toward Pava, were ordered to change their
| front and attack our advanced guard which had
the Zouaves and two companies of the same regi-
ment, together with two regiments of Grenadiers,
all belonging the Imperial Guard, were suddenly
attacked BY $4,000 Austrians under the order of
General Zobe Our gallant allies had three bat
teries with them but onl two field pieces
brought to play upon the advancing columns of the
enemy. You must not forget that the country
which lies between this village and Abbate Grasso
is intersected by numberless canals which supply
the water to the rice fields of the district All
these fields had been of course inundated for agri
cultural purposes, so the guns of our advanced
guard could not be placed except on the main road,
which, by the by, is very nrrrow, and by which
the Austrians were advancing. The right wing of
| the French advanced guard, thus attacked, was
formed by the above mentioned troops. Five other
companies of Zouaves of the Imperial Guard were
marching the left. The heroic column, which
CALAMITY disputed the advance of Zobeps corps
d'armee for five long hours, scarcely numbered
1000 men. The rolling of musketry, the pounding
of field guns, the crash of stee-Ihave been told by
an actor of the bloody drama-were ;deafening-
The Austrians advanced, halted, advanced again,
received and returned a close and deadly fire; but
the bayOnet is the queen of weapons-Magenta
proved it. The brave band of our allies were vain
ly clinging to their guns. After two hours of a
fearful struggle, three OF them were captured by
the enemy. 1t was then that brave, kind hearted
Gen. Cerc fell dead from his horse. The Colonel of
the 1st Zouaves followed. A minute later the
Lieutenant Colonel and twelve officers of the same
regiment were no more. The battalion-if you can
designate by such word the 800 left-was now
the enemy-there was no help visible But "Les
Zouaves sont les Zouaves," said my informant who
has the honor to belong to this famous corps The
five companies on the left seeing the peril of their
comrades, rushed with such impetuosity against the
enemy's division that the 300 were left alone, and
all the force of Crotans and Bohemians brought
to bear against the new corners. This last handt
hand fight lasted two hours. The disproportion of
numbers was, however, too great-the French were
exhausted with fghting-but at last came the help.
About II O'Clock the reinorcements appeared on
| their left-a joyful sight to our struggling regi-
ments. ..- ~ - n
The three field guns already captured by the enemy
were soon reconquered at the point of the bayonet
Zobels corps darmee was easily routed by the Impe-
rial legions, and obliged to retire. The action then
became general, and lasted three hours longer till
| the bold assault of Mcmahon decided the victory.
| The effect of this gallant Generals move was that
! of cutting the Austrian army into two bodies
| Threatened on all sides, forced in his position
menaced with being surrounded General Gyulai
| gave orders to retreat Routed as they WERE they
now pell-mell, some towards Guolo Kisconti,
| some toward Rosate, Vernate, and Pavia. Cover
ing their hasty and dsordered retreat by bodies of
horse and by tremendous fir Of artillery the Aus
tians fell back upon their intrenched lines in i'm
mense confusion. The battle of Magenta had been
won. General Gyulai had brought into action
900 men; he left nearly 20 600 of them wounded
and dead on the battlefield 1000 were taken prs-
oners; flags, 900 knapsacks, II 900 muskets and
4 guns have fallen into our hands, Besides these
difficulties, Gen. Gyulai knows that Marshal Bara-
quay d'Hers is marching fast towards AIDA, and
that he may succeed in intercepting the main road
which from COLOGNE leads to Cremona. -
After the battle of Magenta had been won Victor
| Emmanuel slept on the field, and next morning re-
ceved the deputation of the Town Council of Milan,
which came to offer his Majesty the crown of LON
hardy. As soon as the news of the great victory
had reached Milan the Austrians fed. The people
who had barricaded the streets during the night,
began to meet on the Piazza del Broletto, asking
for the act of !s4S to be proclaimed You have
not forgotten that in virtue of that act, called u-
sione, Lombardy was united to Piedmont 1t was
pronuncidniento that in spite of the Mazzinians
the whole of the Lombard people, then free, had
made. deputation was sent to the town council
ors, but when introduced in the great hall of the
Broletto, those gentlemen were told that the Mayor
! OF Milan, Count Sebregond, had run away Sig
nori De Herra, De Leva, Margarita, Ubaldi, Boret-
ii, and Rogier, all assessori municipal, went to the
balcony, and after proclaiming Victor Emmanuel
King, started together with Marquis Guerrieri
Gonzaga. Count Giulini, and Signor Correnti for
| the headquarters of the King. When the deputa-
ton arrived at the camp it was soon introduced
INTO the royal tent His Majesty was standing up,
the Emperor on his right. The presence of Napo-
| leon Ill. on such solemn occasion sufficiently
| proved that he really means what he said in his
generous proclamation '.France desires nothing
but that Italy shall be free from the Alps to the
Adriatic." H.. ...
yet been re-established and hear from a good
source that Count Cavour has not vet received
| a true account of the great victory.
The following particulars of the battle of Magen
ia are extracted from letter in the Constitution
mel Of June 10, written from Novara, on June s. by
NJ. Ernest Dreolle.
yesterday, the first battalion of the Volt
geurs of the Guard, after conquering in first en-
gagement at IurD1go, were pursuing their march
towards Milan it appears that 40 900 Austrans
ed in columns suddenly countermarct ed and, conf
dent in their numbers, advanced against our lead
ing columns, hoping to turn them, and check the
M rtroft Of
had taken into their account the division of thu
Granadiers and Chasseurs of the Guard command
ed by General Mellinet. This division rapidly go
together between Buffalora and Magenta, not ia
from the spot where the Tureos fought and the,
very soon showed front to the enemy Towards
noon the Austrians, after hesitating for some time
decided to attack. The Zouaves and granaders
united did not make up more than II, 600 men, bu
without budglng foot they held their own agains
the vainly energetic efforts of the 600 Austrians
The latter, surprised at such an obstinate resist
ance, retired in good order, formed again, and re
turned to the charge second time. They nigh
as well have rushed against brazen rampant.
The Guard soon became tired of this passive atti
tude, and resolved to take the offensive 1t charged
and scattered the enemy. But the latter, perceiy
ing how small were the numbers of the French
came up again and again. Seven times in tn,
course of two hours were these heroic charges re
newed. The grenadiers and Z0uaves were electri
fled by the presence of the Emperor who sword il
hand, supported and directed them. The Emperor
however, was frequently seen to turn his eyes to
ward the points where pursuant to his orders an,
calculations, he expected to the divisions O
Mel and Mcmahon make their appearance The
arrived, and were sauted with long bravo, whic
astonshed and disconnected the enemy. Genera
Mcmahon advanced to Magenta with an ardor,
dash, and an enthusiasm, which was the admiration
of the whole army. -....s ..- -...a I'D, ......
At the moment when his attacking column wa
crossing the bridge, General Espinasse, who wa
leading it with his wellknown intrepidty, wa
unfortunately struck by ball in the very centr
of his breast. He must have died instantly. Or
seeing him fall the soldiers, quite beside themselves
rushed forward to avenge his DEATH Nothin,
could stop them-on, on they went, sweeping ava
every obstacle and after completely routing tn
enemy they effected their junction with the Impe
rial Guard, which was all the while commanded b
the Emperor in person. The battle was gained
Marshal Canrobert and General Regnault de Sain
Jean dAngely had done wonders on their side. w
were masters of the field. / hear that the Empero
warmly congratulated the new Duke of Magenta. Z
whom he attributed large share in the success o
the day. The Emperor did not shrink from expos
ing himsefduring the action; and more than ono
Gen. Fleury threw himself before him. brayipp
with devotion which all admired, though all wer
ready to do the same, the bullets which threatene
his Majesty. Is t ,.s-..s- .r... .-.5...-s ~
A Paris despatch says that the reported eyacua.
ton of Pavia is fully confirmed. e. .f.
The Duchess of Parma had Quilted the Ouch,
leaving the government to the Municipality and r.
leasing the troops from their oath of fidelity TIL
Municipality dispatched deputation to the Kins
lr-r q -.