The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-12-13


had spent an hour in defence Of the South whore Mr.
lversoD had spent minute and he could sit still
under such imputatons Senator had hureo the
dc ocI attic party without telling him that ho bad done in
justice The Northern Democracy has stood like bul-
wark between the South and the aboltonsts Break US
MIR. Prcn, (dem. Of Ohio, was glad Mr.. Iverson had
made this explanation. He would give notice that on
some convenient occasion, he should have something
enough Of this to secure some thing more. II
the democracy Of the Southern States hold the seni.
ments of Mr. Iverson, want to know it before the
meeting Of the Charleston and we intend to
know at least DO 30 far the question and
bring from the representatives OF the democratic
party Of the Northern States, whether they sympathsc
with such sentiments
MIR IvERsoS-I am ready to answer at any time, and
will do so 10 your hearts content.
Mr. JOHNSON, (dem Of Tenn. replied at length to the
speech Of Mr. Trumbul defining the principles Of the
publican party He quoted from the platform introduced
by that Senator TO show that the republican party recog
nZed the doctrine that all born free and equal and
that II s the primary design Of government grant
these rights all persons under exclusive jurisdiction
The Senator seemed to ner rom this that was intend
ed to cover the negro He knew that sometimes II
was charged that Jefferson had so intended it, but this
doing great injustice 10 tho trainers Of the consttu
ton. When they looked at the circumstances nnder
which the Declaration Of Independence written, was
instant that when Jefferson framed IT, he had the negro
bis mind Was there intelligent throughout the
nsS wnOe anS country sy a.. Tno would for
intended, when no framed that paragraph, to em.
brace tho African population Was there any
man who would stake his reputation upon iii He
coDtended there not man, and earnestly asked why
II was attempted deceive the Of the people thai
Jefferson meant the African racer Jefferson not only
owned slaves, but most of the gners OF that Declaration
We're slave owners and when they 70 fix the basis
Of representation they found that the slave recog
nized as property He thought also IL provided IN
the constitution BY way Of giving clear construction
and understanding to the Declaration Of Independence
that fueves from labor should be restored from the
States to which they escaped II evident his miad
that Jeereon meant the white The platform which
the Senator read also held the doctrine that the constu
ton confrs upon Congress sovereign power the Ter
rtories for their government and that in the exer-
Of Congress- to prohibit in the Territories those
twin relics Of barbarsm, slavery and poygamy He de-
MED such power being conferred the federal 60
vernment was not sovereign. The federal power was
y grantedwas reserved to the States respectively Where
thcn did they get sovereign power with reference the
Territories or the District Of Coumba9 Let US try and
ascertain the consistency Of the republican party upon
these points Suppose the four millions Of slaves in the
Southern territory all Free and enjoying the great
they into the Terrories9 woad they let them take
an equal footing with the white population? II they would
not why clamor 80 much about all men being created
equa He believed the Senator's were bound
upon the construction he had given the declaration
constitution with reference TO these questions Hewanted
his doctrine TO practceP He knew that he would not for
notwithstanding the declaration in the constitution of the
State Of Illinois, that all men born free and equal aud
SO FORTH prohibits negroes and mulaoes from serving
IN the militia from voting, from going into be-
ing competent Witnesses and from intermTrytng with
the white The free negro enjoyed liberty but was
deprived Of every privilege He a free man, but
could not exercise franchise pertaining to free
BY these restraints and restrictions he made slave,
enjoying the shadow but stripped Of all that constitutes
Tree mana slave, in fact, without master-n a
worse condition than the slave who had mag
ter he combatted the idea Of SIr. Trumbull, that
the democratic party was an aristocracy of savehold
era party that cgsated for the of one out of
sixty forgetting the interests Of ourfhs Of the families
OF the South The democratic party maintained the
stiuoD in all its guar antees, assuming that guaranteed
the institution Of slavery wherever found and making no
attack upon any institution Of tho North It's legislation
was also accordance with the constitution and not for
ono out OF every twenty sixty Of the Southern nLah
tsp's The Senator's arguments on these points were
sophissry not sound in logic in premises, and OF
not conclusion The idea founded upon the system
Of representation Of the South, by which three6fths
Of The slaves are added to the whole number Of
the population but the representatives apporoned
among the several States, not among individuals. The
Of eeciing them, and man not owning slave per-
med 70 partcipate What became OF the idea Of twenty
or sixty to oneg Did not Illinois, and all the other
s.avehodpg States get the benefit of their coored
ponustionY And II they got the benefit did they let them
yo'cand if they did not, where then the great
blessings Of lbcrtyY Their opinions thing and
their principles another What furher did show9 Sup
pose all the slaves were emancipated at the South,
would they be entitled to representation Of three
hiftbs, or i've 0ftbs? What three nfths of four
mIlicDs, assuming the slaves TO be four miions9
Thirty four hundred thousand; and two-ffths world
he sixteen hundred thousand. How, then, would
matters stand upon the ratio Of hundred thousand
The Sonth would get sixty members the other foor
obtained fu' representation for their free population
Slavery so far from being element of political power,
TO deceive them? Why not tell the South that they were
all frse they would gain sixteen representatives.
Mr.. IRrnnrn rep,) Of Ca, explained that Il was an
abstract truth that all created equal but when
we come to form governments and organize society all
persons don't have equal rights The assertion in the
publican platform as copied from the Declaration
great natural truth. In the organization Of 30
clety we infringe as little as possible that
and therefore do in Illinois make dis ncon between
whites and blacks and also between the political rights of
Mr. JOHNSON asked him if Arizona were colonzed and
6led altogether with free colored people, would he be
willing 10 admit il as State upon equal footing with
the other States OF the confederacyy
Mr.. TRuMBuIL answered that he would not admit any
community applying to become members Of this confede
racy, by the admission of which he supposed he was
endangeripg the peace OF the Union itself In
his judgment there a distinction between
the white and black races made by Omnipo-
tcncc. He did not believe these could live
happily and pleasantly together, enjoying equal rights,
without domneering the other. Therefore he
advocated the policy Of separating these races, by
adopting system 10 rid the country OF the blask
race as IL becomes free lie would say he should
not be prepared, under the existing state Of things,
to aomt as a sovereign State into this Union
community Of negroes nor indians
Mr.. JcuSsoS-I thank the Senator for the admission
made, but wish 70 press the thing little further Sup
pose the four million of slaves all emancpaied, and that
they 60 Of these Territories and apply admission
think the Senator's would apply to that the
mtted what out to PROVE which the opposite Of
hs argument laid down few days since The Senator
begins by saying that the Creator himself has diff
ference between the whites and backs-that it begins
with the very origin OF II Deity himself has made
difference the race, how they be created precise
" with the same rights and privileges The Senator
his last explanation has ceded his whole ground and
oil this camor and captrap falls TO the ground, and
the cons ucon put upon the declaration OF Independence
uIon II clear and unobscurcd Mr.. JOIN then
referred 10 the fact that the platform OF Mr. Trumoul puts
slavery ard poyramy as twin relics Of barbarsm, and
that Mr. Trumbu had said that under circumstances
polyramy would not bo crime He held that thing
could not he crime according 10 circumstances, not
crime according to circumstances The Senator thought
olygsmy right in Turkey but upon what circnmstances9
II Il was wrng II violated great moral truth, and
state o circumstances could make right Professor
Hoffman, In 1893, LAID down the doctrine that truth
susceptible az division into two parts and all that
true in philosophy false in theology, and all that
tue IN theology was false in philosophy. That
~as sort of paradox, but Hoffman founded q
sect and incucsted the doctrine he taught, and
ibu kind n ethics seemed 70 him, would the doc
,rnts rcctly nculcated by the Senator from Illinois
That 10 say, under circumstances In Turkey poly
gamy was precisely right, and under circumstances In
he rrned states precisely wrong; and under cir