, 1859-08-27

+ R. DotcLAs' Ahw AlHIEnBT0,
Popular seve.s.xety In its Aat<st
Senator Doaaias eHs1 himself of tbe circu.-
tion Of Ra2rs Kzp&@as to put forth . mani.
5sso Of Feedis3oas isnetA q his ss.oriGs theme
of Popalaf Sovereignty. Ne givs oar readers
.A&rewita = careful compsadium Of IN docu-
neat, and ~ far as our spice will as,sA in Mr.
Douglas own language. The writer opens his
argument q follows:
Under our complex system Of government it
is tue first duty Of American statesmen to mark
distinctly the dividing line between federal and
1oEat authority. To d1 lhia nth --Aecuracg Ii.
vo!yes IN inquiry, not only into the powers and
duties Of the federal government under the con-
stltution, but also into The rights privileges, and
im1'nnties Of Of 'es Reople. q the te5'toriea as
The rclativs powers and functions Of tie federal
md Ssate gcrernHscnts h8ve become well un-
derstood and clearly defined by their practical
operation and harmonious actiou for = long se-
Ties OF yeArs; Hhile the disputed question
voI.ing The right Of The peopas Of lie territories
to govern Themselves IN respect to their local
uauirs and internal polity-remalns a fruitful
source Of partisan strife and sectional eontro-
rerry. The political organization which was
formed 10 1854, md has assumed the name of
the Republican party, is based Oh The theory
that African siarery, It exists in this country,
is an evil Of such magnitude-social, moral md
If tie entire nnwer and ;nAunnra - H., fadr.l
government to the full extent that the constitu.
ton, according TO their Interpretation. will per-
mir fnr il. ultimate ert;nctn1 r. ~ nI.t pr,,,
Of principles adopted At Phil.delphia b. tie
Republican national convention in 1856, it il
uffirmrd:
Thai the Constitution confer. upop ccnsre. sovereign
nei AID that il Tic e4s1rte Il III, sth
orie thes ,sin rees II ~ o1ss1v n .1 anf II.
very"
Acrord;np tn thr +baorr or N. Rann,,;..,
Marty .he1e IL .n ;,reors.2;tfs cona;a, ..maa
freedom md slsyeTy frrr l.ho, snd s1srn ishor
the free States and .aTe s,ssr. 1h;rh !. pee' ie
,rrasinp furv until ths ~. .h,1i haras,. nn;ra.
sai by ,he snn;h;loi;on ~ .ha o,ha- H. ~.
law. - ~ ~ -ne.. s. ~ ~ I - eue
|,enn,eJ.r ~ 49, a1;.:..1 c:.L ~ l'al'e
e1poaau.l " 'nat' po4.aeA 'A'n'
nx fo Ia ~ ,h.. he Ese md tnas
VIII 10. e o. lae as1ne eu.ie elth,r sarehoidIne @
,aen O. st1ey fee lsoof nation Either the etoh md
Ah,
lon and New 9r'esra beeyns for legitimate ne-cha
Us sd tx xl na' and Essat nstas of
r1ners t. ssve eutur I'd to d. proaneos If ssser
ostan and New fc1t become once more nazkets Tor trade
- w .'.31 y. 1'a.1 1..u soos o' A4sa'
- tne 11llhoi1 canvass OF ls5s tue same pro-
pohHlon Was aaFocateo and defended by the
distinguished Republican standard-bearer in
ihese words:
"Iu uy onibo, fine t1ar.,v .,lon, ,1, mi
un Ia ctss sha have been reached and passed = house
dsaea Asa. isss ssnnst tana see.t tha th3s Eov
te hou. o 4a ha} d. rrFa III cesss
10 BE- divided Ii III become one thng o. III tle otheT
Euler 4 o sssery VII a1st fuithr spread
cstes push forward Til hall econe sfe lawful al
the ssa1-od - ~e rs new. North al well rs South"
Tbns It will he seen that nnd-- the mn sn;.ss
Of a nolitical party. which cla;ms toyereionty in
Congress over The subject of slavery. thsre can
he M neace On the sfuyery onest;on-no tr7,ce
in the sectional st1ife-Do fraternity between
Tho Nortt and South %o 1nno as thia 'Jn;on "a
mains az our fathcrs made it2d,yided iuto FREE
and slave States with the right on the part Of
rach Ia retain slavery 10 lonp az il cbnoses md
to abolish it whenever it plcaaes.
On the other hand, it would be uucaudid 10
deny that. while the Democratic marty is a INIT
in liz irrccoucilab|c opnositidn tn the doctrincs
and nr;nc;nIex of he Rennhi;c,o nartr tha-s
no -rd;col differences ~ on;n;on T. r.s1,act ~
- .a.a-s and drt;.s af Tan1xA. ~ 49, ~
s;shte o,d ;r'tn,,p;,;as ~ H. ~na5,. ~ ~" ~
-;tnr;as unfar ,ha faderu, cnui i,;,n,;o1, ,rh;,t
-;o,,.Ir s;.,u,h IT, hsrr'nnr ond ,hra,,a., - -
-an-;'; Tbasa d;f1arences ~ n-,;r;'n - ~
~ tfarsr1 ;ntarn1ata1;nns +,ead ~ =. ~ rou
s,.v.;a., ~ ,o-snps -ho ba,nne - a,n ~ - ~ ~
5aiio,,;,,x :,sr.sas. ~ VI. - N4e
49, srLasarho ,,a,iora that a.. c,,s.;.,
t;o, af . Ifn;ted statns na;thsr
,'.nbh,s slzarx n ,hs Ststas W Tsrr;tor;ss u hs
rad tna .1"-.or ~ ,ha r,naria sa,a,,,, -. a.,eeI
-. 49,, ~, s.,,,ia,p = ,h.; ao'ner+ ;s.:s!.:a..
-: ,t,a; .r.n - srl,;oat oS,1- ~ - Cas,;,.,
80, ~ ~" I-n;,,a c,n;es ''' - VII
nv. " ~ Tit
a;1 aosG ~ uesisse @aa' :ne eo'sli1u
uou ts;no'teass n!u'et> IL 1ne tc.s1'otiesr anu
Stature he novsr 70 control It md .bn ;ns;st
that. in the event the territorial legislature fails
to enact the REQUISITE lnws for lte protection, it
,n,rrnose its It's authority % and finnish suct nro,ec.
ton.
:. Nird-Those who, while protesting to be-
,So ,ie'e ,.sa1 tne nsnd .' ~
he territorial legislature to control it, ut tue
same time protest against the duty Of Congress
~ ~ n 1ot mn ~. 'nsi. d aaaa
slavery in the territories Without any law upoa
the subject:
1'y AcaTeiul examination Of the second and
third propositions, it will be seen that the adyo-
cates os esch agree on the theoretical question,
that the constitution establishes slavery in the
territories, and compels them to hare it whether
they want IT or not and differ on the practical
point, whether right secured By the constitu-
tim shall be protected by an act Of Congress
when all other remedies tail: The reason ns-
signed lot not protecting by laH night secured
~ the constitution is, that It Is the duty Of the
courts 10 protect slavery ln the territories with
out any legislation upon the subject How the
courts aFr to atfoFd protection 10 s'aTes or any
other property. where there is no Law prorld'
,ng remedies aud imposing penalties and COP.
aerr'ng Jurisdiction upon The courts to hear and
determine the oases as they arse, remains TO be
explained.
Mr. Douglas admits that it is difficult to con.
co;va bou, INV na,.o, ~ho he,i.... tho+ tho
' '' '.e
constitution confefs the f'ght OF protection IN
the enjoyment of slave property in the terrific
,;oo r.no-d1o., ,f ,ho ,;sho, of .ba ,oo,,,o and
80, ~ -, s4 a5s y; 49, $50 Fp'~ aoo
o' toe acuon OF tne A''1loleai les1stata1e' can
satisfy his conscience and his oath OF fidelity to
the constitution in Withholding such Congress,
a;.,,.;,,..;. l., ....;.,
s'''a' 4es's9A''oa a. "as oe e'sso'A' ~ .ne en'
joFmeht ot snch f'eht ohoer toe constitution,
but argues that all powera conferred BIZ The
CONSTITUTION unon concr..s must hA a1erc;.sd
| i. Cons,... ;t.sif IL ~. .....,. ~. -
Smer;ren Rnvol,,i;,n .n@,ar E-o.. AZ. d;s. ~
f,Atv.en N. coion;es nd ~ ,nathar snrpt.
~ m 10 ,,neS,nn ~ absn1n.a ;n,;.nendaa.5
hi m lint e. ths r;cit ~ ~ co,nn;sf ~ ~
aee the;r ioc.I md domss,;r ~ r;n.s-ns l., 4ia;
| oxn .av mndar IN .nrs1s;,-,,.. - ~. n.;.3.t,