Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1859-08-02

whicI. requests f9,c:rn' Governments 10 give all law
ful aid AMI protection 10 is. bearer. Il; does rot oX-
cnpt him from any obligation or penalty when he
may have f.curyed 10 the tioserEmea: OF his native
coUH.ry, PRIOR 20 his hd:aJGif-G:!vn, il he should
Voluntarily rupair thi;heT.
bear sir your obedier; servant.
JOHN APPLETON.
Assistant Secretary Of State"
And also by a letter from Gen. CasS, Sccre-
tarv of State, 10 Mr.. Felix lie Clerc. Of Mem
18th. 1852. in which the following passage oc.
ours:
"lour naturalization in this country will not
exempt you from that claim 1.-THE claim OF
the French Government 20 military service
from all natives u. france who may he found
within its juriSdict,on.J "f you should voiun-
",ariiy Ic, air thithcr' 10 Franco
The grounds assumed in the above letters
strike Us as novel and contrary to the doctrines
hitherto put forward and ins!? led upon by our
Government, and in dcicacc y. which Te wagcd
war with Great Britain,
The European doc,ri,r, denies the righ! OF
cXpatristion. and clailus that once n subject is
TO be always y subicct. England has been
forced to abaut!on this doctrine. while the dcs-
potic G~orernmtnts on ttc CGatincIt contini!"
10 maintain il.
Ii Encland :: hot permitted 10 rc-sub)ugate
our adopts! %c,silens, how can We consistently
submit - lis nrIng done lv other Governments:
We daav the right Of Hanover and Of France
"a claim forced military service from our adopt
ed citizens who may happen to revisit the
hotaeS OF their birth. s;:nrly because they we're
born theIc. They haze =" inme right 10 do
81 imam had Austria 10 claim Martin koszla, or
Great britain 10 seize our adopted citizens when
, dong duty on American vessels, under oar flaS.
Nor 10 We believe that "a passport is a mere
| certificate of citizenship, which may be VIC
lated at will b. foreign Governments, and the
' bearer deprived o: his liberty on any ii!mSy
rrctcxt OF previous Obligations ot military SER
! vice. incurred in the infancy oi birth or during
his minority. Tha seal of the United StateSls
the sign manual oi soTercig nty. which should
at all times shield i.er citizens IN person ana III
property. at hoice and abroad.
Secondly. We would bc pleased TO learn your
views as to Whether States can conStitutiona!ly
pass law pro!UEsing the period OF natura!lza-
ticn beyond tire PERIOD 81 five years probation,
! provided .or hT' The present law "i congress
and how Ear States possess the right to d'S.
criu.inate between the franchise oT ore class OF
lis citizens over another:
Thirdly. We would be pleased also to learn
ycur views regarding the legality and eXpe-
diency Of rc-opcning the African slave trade,
and.
Fourthly. Your views, also. regarding the
legitimate bounds of Congressional legislation
in regard to the Territories, which, while main
tanning non-intcrycntion on the question OF
forcing or excluding slavery from them. yet
should claim the constitutional power, IT ne
~ccssarv, to protect the rights OF persons and
property within their borders. leaving the people
free at the proper time, to form a State constl-
tuition, and seek admission into the Union,
| whether free or slave States, As they may eject.
While we have the honor to he.
Your obcdient servants.
rpoIpuo WOLFE. BERNARD SHERIDAN, nd,
DsNTHR OTEi, VI. HkNNhsSi,
.IOlIN bRADBl IN, PATEICl IunAN.
D n Commons, THOMAS D. toNfpl.
EICIIAED HANRAHAN. JOHN WALp.
X N. CAMPBtLl., JOHN BIILHR,
n NJ. SlMAN, =. MCCARTHY.
! John ilLNNESsY, ASTiuNh CONWAY
E.curo>D. W., july 18th. 1888.
Gcot,cmcn:-YourS &c the oth reached lac
the 18th inst, and [ proceed to answer It as
briefly an3 ca,e-o:ically as possihl-, l cannot
! elaborate y reply TO either question. for each,
separately. would rcquirc-nmd on one OF them.
n; least, | have wi,tcn-a long treatise and it
is desirable that the conclusions should he con-
dcnsed, witnou; the reasons for them, in order
that they may be read. will ampliiy them
no farther ;han il i necessary 10 make myself
understood. and to draw the distinctions essen
t;al to guard the main exceptions to general
rules, which affect.
Isl. The rights Of naturalizca citizens % the
protection of he United States in the coun-
tries Of their nativity. after they have become
na,uraiizrd.
These rights hriag in review the coniiic! of
/ doctrine. and Avs between the old European,
ard the ueT american systems OF na;uraiiza-
ton.
lst. Wtat Ma the European syS.ea;
I'd. What is The system Of the United
States:
lst. The Old.
To stale the old. succinctly but sufficiently
for the contrast with the new, | will take Prus-
sia for example. What were and are her doc
trincs of the obligations Of her native citizens,
al home and abroad? Wha, are the claims
upon them which she sets up: And what
protection does she afford them As respects
foreign powers and Jurisdictions Mark you,
| speak now as to her native citizens alone,
who have never renowned their allegiance TO
her.
lSt. At home.
She requires implicit obedience TO all her
sovereign and municipal laws; particularly, LIST,
/ Military service for 4 term Of years; and,
I'd. Service in her reserved corps or system,
called the LANDOWNER. And to some extent,
I'd. Civil service of mechanics, especially, for 4
;crm of years, in her guilds or corporations, TO
acquire and ditfusc variety Of skill in the arts.
ID. .Abroad-shc requires them TO observe
AMI obey the laws Of foreign countries, where
they may be visiting, passing, or sojourmns' OF
the following classes:
Isl. Their criminal codes. They shall. com
NIT no offences, no mi>dc:ncanors, tclonics,
or other crimes against the municipal laws OF
the locality whcrcvc: they may happen to be.
If they do, they are lcil subject to the penal
ties Of the local laws.
End. Their eommtrrid, or revenue laws
They must pay all customs, dues, &c. levied,
legally, by the local jurisdiction.
t3ri. Their polieiat laws. They must observe
the corporation ordinances and regulations Of
the local authorities.
18th. They must be governed ny the '''local
! hrr." rs it is called in other respects. As. for
example. If they sue Or be sued in courts 70.
reign To her. she leaves them to the rc1aeatts,
whatever they are. of the der .iori til law
% the ;o,Um or courts where the sun may be
penAin~. IL they make a contract abroad, she
leaves the construction Of the contract TO the
".r t"ci coEtractuS"-thc aw of the pace
where The contract was made. If they claim
distribution Of . dccclrnt'S estate IN another
country, or Of y debtors assets. or claim 4
debt, 0" Owe y debt. at 1atuni and t"tnN,
abroad, She leaves licr citizens there to be gov
erncd by the Tex !oci, the law of the place.
And'cSpecially any claims to lands and real
estate, in n foreign jurisdiction. by her citizens,
whether by deed, grant, descent, devise, pur.
chase, OF in any other manner. she leaves 10 the
'.hr loci rel sita"-thc law Of the place where
the reality is situated