The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-12-28

typographical map II also contains an analysis Of the
general subject Of coast defence which deem worthy q
Is eminenty desirable that our completed peTnAaen,
forts should be lit with gas and recommend that smaA
porsant ones without delay By that improvement the
rsk would be diminished Of accidental nrcs breaking out
hended from the Vicinity Of the magazines me ntroaue
ton proposed may also be on the ground Of
economy The post Of West Point has been lighted u this
manner with satisfactory results.
PAYMENT OF VOLUNTEERS.
There are large claims before the government for pay
alleged 10 be due volunteer troops called out at various
times and different places for the suppression Of indian
hoeties. II s due alike TO the claimants and TO he
ent when they are just and nnal rejection when iAsy
not The action Of Congress necessary before such
an adjustment can take place.
EXPLORATIONS SURVEYS
report s presented from tho officer In charge Of the
Office Of Explorations and Surveys, exhibiting the opera
TONS that have been conducted under this ooe during
The military road from Fort wana walh 70 Fort Benton,
Ter which special appropriation was made, has been
completed. STEAMBOATS, navigate the Oregon
Fort waa Wals, and the Missouri river 10 Fort Benton
thus aordng excepting for the distance Of six hundred
miles, line OF steamboat communication between the
Atlantic and Pacific the widest portion Of pos
sessions. Without considering the facihties which the
construction Of road the interval referred would
afford TO emgrants traverang that portion Of the oon
nent IN military point o. view q very great i'm,
those which nhab the regious at either end Of the
proposed line. 10 keep these Indians subsection 70 have
II small cost from section TO the other, and to build
up communities on the upper waters Of the Oregon and
and to furnish supplies to column marching over,
objects that render the work measure Of sound econo
for rs completion is necessary. Reliable nfoema-
ton has been recently furnished 70 the department Of the
throueS which poruos Of he rosS na.ses ne mountains
The experiment Of sinking arteaian wells upon the pub
lie lands has been further prosecuted but still without
attaining the desired results and the appropriation for
the object having become exhausted directed that
the work should be suspended The details Of the
perments set forth in the accompanying reports.
may be considered now a. demonstrated that 10 bring
water from subterranean streams 10 overflow the
amount OF expenditure, mpractcable
An expedition was organized during the past sea-
son to explore the country IN the vicinity Of the
tioabe route through that region, between Santa Fe
and the Southern settlements q Utah. This duty has
been completed but the results have not yet been laid
before the department
second expedition sent into the Territory Of Ne
the Of that river and Of the Missouri portion
Of its abors has been accomplished and the operations
will be resumed in the ensuing spring
large amount OF geographical and scientifc nforma
ton has been added, At small cost through the abors Of
the different field parties, to knowledge OF the
OF the regions Of the Mississippi Consder
bic tracts Of country yet unknown and ecouo
OF continuing these explorations is evident when 70
considered that they open the country to travel deveIope
Its mineral and agricultural wealth. shorten, and afford
information concerning emigrant routes and deaig
nate those portions OF the wild Territory that susoe
would be derived all doubt by furnishing from the
Office Of explorations and surveys moderate supply Of
geological maps Of the United States and Terroros An
opportunity presents itself by which the preparation
Of complete geological map, by Of the abest
rate Of No similar roU re
suit in any thing like an equal benet to the country It
large.
effective and economical performance Of the duea
nected With "Reminiscences, surveys and explorations.
company Of enlisted men, Of similar organization 70
that Of the sappers miners should added 70 the
corps Of Geographical engineers. The would be
der the command and instruction Of the ocess or mat
corps would furnish TO parties in the Aeld with
great saving Of public money thoroughly trained assist
ants in place Of inexperienced employees. would
mend that such company, not to exceed nifty IN number
should be established by law.
would respectfully invite attention TO The report
of Lieutenant 4cher who, under assignment Of the War
Department engaged upon The survey Of an inter-
oceanic ship canal the sthnus Of Darep via the
Atrao and Truando rivers. Since his retsrn from the
Of his field operations, considerable progress had
been made in the reduction Of observations and prepar
ing the maps, until the want Of compelled him TO
suspend progress and discharge the oonputors and
draughtsmen. The valuable information procured by
Lieutenant Mcher should not DO left in ls unfinished
condition the archives Of the bureau prevent which
small appropriation will DO required.
The wagon road upon the thirty nth parallel reaching
from Fort Smith, Arkansas, to the Colorado Of the West
so% FOR 8sos e
ter offering very great advantages u this time for travel
which viii be sl further enhanced when the posts CON-
emplaed shall have been added to those already tho
line.
Affairs in the Territory OF Utah remain very much
the date OF my last annual report The s Inactive
and stands in the attitude Of menacng force towards
conquered and sullen people. satisfied that the pre-
jurisprudence known recognized by the people Of the
United States, impossible 10 that Territory. II Is GO
gard Of he laws or contribution Of the land The laws Of
the Mormon church and the viii of the hierarchy
alone potential there Beyond mere outward show of
acquescence in federal authority, they as rrespons
BILE TO it as any foreign nation.
There h the present attitude Of affairs, scarcely any
necessity for the presence Of troops Utah, and they
viii be otherwise disposed Of in the coming There
are no complaints Of Indian hostcs towards the Nor
vast frontiers suffer from Indian depredatons. but the
Mormon people enjoy an immunity from all their out
RACES For the protection Of these people against Indians
there necessity for the presence Of single soldier
Murders and robbees Of the most arocious character
have been perpetrated in the Territory upon emranis
Of the most shocking by white men dis
guised Us Indians. The general impression, far
poruniy to know that these murders the work Of
the Mormon people themselves sanctioned If not directed,
| by the authority Of the Mormon church.
l cannot commend in terms too high the wise
prudence and cficerlike conduct Of the General
commanding CO. mar tho army in Utah The discipline
unsurpassed. Much has been done through the army
under command Of General johnston towards improving
the roads in Utah. and to give the public fuller
ledge Of the condition and Of Territory
Captain j. Simpson, Of the Typographical engineers
has during the past season, explored and opened two
which Is about $50 miles shorter than the old emgran
route by the way Of the Humboldt river, and far better
for grass wood and water Over both these he
conducted party Of sixty five and train Of fourteen
wagons and since bis return to Camp Floyd many emf
grants with large herds Of cattle have passed the
route by which he returned which IL the better Of
the two. Itineraries for both haze been furnished
to the public through the press In California and
Utah. The saving in time Of travel by these roads
to emgrants for California s about fifteen days,
and for the mails about four. The saving in stock
and draught cattle these routes those formerly
travelled, owing 70 pure water and abundant grass Is
estimated at twenty five per cent Captain Simpson has
also, under the instructions Of General Johnston, found
wagon road pass from the valley Of the Great Salt
Lake. by the way Of the Tmpanagos river valley and Des
Chesneys fork Of the Unta river into the valley Of Green
river which will shorten the route pursued by Colonel
Lorng from Camp Floyd to Santa Fe probably much
eighty miles; and should practicable pass be found
through the Rocky Mountains by the way Of White river,
through the middle part between the head waters Of the
Arkansas and the cache Ia Poudre, tributary Of the
Platte wagon road will be- obtained through the Pixies
Peak gold region, which will be considerably shorter to
the States than any we now have.
OUR TEXAN YRONTHR.