New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-07-27
for The price that paid for the whistle OF prosper
ity 10 too often forgotten IN considering the social
pInhem and political aspects Of Slavery:

| problem and political aspects OF Slavery;
From 1897 20 1889 the colony Prc-persd--ow a,
scsot prioe Al the price Of s0rrbH ana 'Hc>''4H'
syferings By the black popuiaf'on Many towns were
founded; the islsrd covered with pants1ons and
manufsctOries; II became the center u 'aeI eoui-
| merce Of expectation. -,
| -Rut the negroes groaned under the heavy bur
den of Slavery, and God heard their cries above all
the din of commercial pros periry social hsrty and
the boasts and sneers Of a tyrannical race.
| In 1859 a new era opened for Saint Domingo.
\ The French Revolution, IN pr0cl1mlDg the grand
| principles Of Justice and liberty, which weTe
| benoefOrth TO iuDlDe the march OF modern socie-
tiei SHOOK 10 its foundations that land, where op
| preston, Of yore exercised By the Spanish upon
| the Indiana weighed none the less heavily upon
the children of another race. The While cOlOnsts
raised the cry Of Independence with regard TO the
mother country; the blacks responded By the cry
Of Emancipation. war, prolific Of terrible
dramas ssnguinary catastrophes, burst out after
tie execution of Jacques Oee, q mulatto, and a
hero with the mulattOts; but, in truth, co~ardiy
| sneak, who was indie ed most uDjasty and heacn-
erously put TO death; but whose life, professions,
and final confessions proved that be richly merted
| his fate.
lam not following the school book now, for 1t
| praises Oge, because written by mu!atto. lhis
Ore desired My the political equshty OF persons
of his own complexion OF class; for he was himself
stakeholder and proposed to keep the blacks Id
Slavery if it were possible TO uttaiD his object
without meeting them 70 arms against tue whites
The desps rate attempts that have been insde oy
mUlstto writers TO exat this cOEardly traitor mo
hero-for to save bis pitable life be betrayed
conspiracy Of which be WAS the chief-Only prove,
az the htOIy of their rulers does, how desperately
| hard up they are for great man.
This war continues the school book, often inter
rupted by truces, but always resumed with the Jury
of despair did not cease till the end Of lcU3 ~
the final expulsion Of the French.
TIE great Dsurrection commenced under the I'M
pulse OF Boukmann, on the 22d of August, 1871; II
was maintained by Jean Francois Biassou, Bean
rails, Riesud, Potion, Hyacln;he. On the 18th OF
August 1888. SOutbODex, the Commissioner OF The
French Republic pronounced at Cape Hayden the
general liberation of the slaves under the terms OF
decree rendered on the 9th of February preee-
ding, by the National Convention at Paris.
From this moment it was not sufficient that the
blacks should act merely " defend the liberty which
they had purchased at the price of much blood;
they must exert themselves once more TO conquer
their Independence. II is to effect this object
that Toufsaint L'Ouverture energetically works,
aided by DessaliIes. Christophe, Clerysux, and
others This was the point of union, when there
appeared upon the coasts, February 3, loG2, the
expedition dispatched by the First Consul bonn
parte, under the command of his brother-ln-law,
lie CleIc, ~ recover possession OF st. Domingo,
and reestabsh Slavery. IoussalDt l. Ouverture,
forced to lay down his arms after heroic resist
apce (of which one of the most brilliant episodes
was the admirable defense Of the port OF La Crete
a.PierrOt by DessaliDes), made treaty OF peace
with General lie CleTc; yet month had hardy
passed ere, by the order Of the perhdlous French
man. the First of the Blacks seized and sent IN
chsins 10 France. where, separated from his wife
and family, old and iDfrm, the child of the Tropics
was left TO starve in a cold, humid cell In the
Chateau de JOve.
After the disappearance of Toussaint L Overture,
the insuIrection recommended and extended Ike
cODlagration to every part OF the Island. Inc
French surrounded by clrcle-al|sys Increasing
of enemies, and decimated besides by the fever
are successfully driven from all the positions they
had held, and shut up in the town OF Cape iaytlen
which Dessalines goes 10 besiege with q, 900 men,
They capitulated November 10, 1903. The con-
test between the Blacks and W hites was thus ter
minated after thirteen or fourteen years OF carnage
The Act of Independence was proclaimed on the
LIST of January, 1904, and st. Domingo again be.
came Hsyt, the name gwen to 1t by the aboriginal
inhabitants
At the same time that this proclamation was
made, Dessslnes was named GOvernOr-Genera for
life; on the cth of October, S0i, he assumed the
imperial crown, under the name of jacques l.,
after having published Constitution. Two years
after revolt arose among his principal officers and
his soldiers put him to death.
Christophe was immediately named Supreme
Chief of the Government, and an Assembly was
held at Port-au-Prince to draw up new Constltu'
ton. Christophe wished to dissolve the Assembly;
Potion marched sgalnst MIN 10 defend II.
Potion was beaten in the plains of Slbert, and his
rival bsseged Port au-Prince; but being soon
forced 10 rase it, he retired into the north leaving
the Constitutional Assembly TO install the Republic
in the east and the south, and to call Potion to the
Presidency
Thus Hayti found itself divided into two Govern
ments, and presently into three: the Government
of Christophe at the north and northwest; the
Government OF Regnaud at the south; the Govern
ment Of Potion at the southwest.
On the death of Regnaud, Potion extended his
influence in the south, and governed the Republic
of liayti, while Christophe took the title Of King,
and was crowned under the name of Henry the
First, June ,, 1914.
la 1916 Potion revised the Republican COnsttu-
ton of Dec. -, lS06, and WAS named President
for life, with the power of designating his successor.
He died March %, isis.
Gen. Boyer, whom he had nominated as his sue
cessor on the suicide of Chrstophe, in 1870 sue
ceedsd to the Kingdom of the north alsO and
two years after this suspicious union the eastern
or Spanish part (Which bad continued under the
rule of France, 10 which II was coded IN l19J,
which. in turn, again ceded 1t to Spain in lSl4)
voluntarily placed itself under his Government;
and thus the entire lsland ss ain. after centu
ries of dismemberment, in the peaceful possession
and under the entire control of a single race.
1t was under the Presidency of Boyer that, on
| the nth If July, 1925 France, by the medium of
nj. de Mackau then captain IN the navy, sOlemnly
acknowledged, in the presence OF the laytsn
Senate, the full and entire Independence of Hayti,
in consideration Of an indemnity Of one hundred and
fifty millions of francs, which has since been re-
duced by new treaty 10 sixty millions, in favor of
the snciert colonial proprietors of St. Domingo.
The Presidency of General Boyer existed twenty
FIVE years On the Isl of February, iS43, the city
OF Cages against him under the lead of the