The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1859-07-01
Rittmanp pispattb.
FRIDAY MORNING ........ july /, iss9
THE ORIGIN OF THE WAR.


INTERESTING HISTORY OF TIE FIRST
CbMpLiCaTI0vS-.THE DENY Blue
H0oK-ExPoS fTfoNS IN DIPLOMATIC
CORRESPONDENTS. &t., &C.. SC.
The London TINES publishes in it's columns,
au analysis of Il correspondence between the
several ministers at the Courts Of Turin, Pa
Fis; and tienna, and the DERBY ministry, rel
ative TO the Affairs of italy which has Just
been published in a Blue Book of four hun
dred pages, bs authority Of the British Gov
ernrfient II eeins with n letter from Lord
CowLRY to his government, under date Of is;
January. communicating the celebrated re-
mark of NAPOLEON 10 the Anstsisn Minister.
that he regretted the relations between his
master and himself had not of late been So
friendly, Ac These papers may appear to b.
somewhat nut Of date but as We claim to be
chronicleri Of passing events. ard as they arc
referred Il by Lord MALAgsBrRy us embody-
ing The Wits of the l:ite government, it would
not be pr, per TO pass thein over entirely. We
shall, the efore, endeayor to give sort of alb
stract Of their contents.
The fist letter of Importance is that Of Sir
j. HtbsSs, the English Ambassador at Turin.
II is laed January I'D II btgins with a re-
greet th:. The posture of affairs in I.ombardy
has not improved within the preceding three
weeks. Gases OF insult tn Austrian officers and
ltatfelon the part of the foyvar orders 10 the
Austrans generally, had increased, tina, q
r.yoltiun, beginning AT the bottom of the BODY
poiiu, had become not only imminent but al
most unavoidable. The whole of Lombardy
he r'presens as IN the same condition, and
tho legations We're i'll no better temper, while
ParSia and Modena, though temporarily tran
quill were prepared TO follow the first in
surect tionary movement made by I1om-
hardy. The ambassador regrets that the Aus
trl1l DEGREES enforcinga CONSUMPTION in LON
I basdy, and establishing q circulating medi-
urL bad enough in themselves had teen
- executed rs 10 rouse the passions of the
population to The last degree of bitterness
lie thinks il unjust 10 charge the pxistirc @
dFconients upon Sardinia, the mere existence
Of whose free government So near them.
vas sufficient To make people of other
parts of Italy institute comparisons which
could not fail TO prove a source of constant
irritation. Besides, immigrants from the
States in question to Piedmont 'gentlemen of
birth and education had formed at Turin So
ciety which they called the Central Committee
for the liberation of Italy" which dispersed
infiamnatory appeals all over the peninsula.
The Sardlnian law regulating the press had
no power To reach this committee or to stor
the circulation of these documents or at
least, If II had, no attempt was made to apply
1t. The National Italian party had become SO
strong, that it had already absorbed the Car
bonari more than three years ago. The King of
the two Sicilies, cOntlding in the protection OF
Russia, mad made no attempt 70 aneliorite his
government, so that an outbreak il, LON nbardy V
would dlnstantanpously extend throughout TIA
iy. Upon representing to the King of Sardinia
ana Count CArouE that the Queen had re-
spect for existing treaties, and would he 10Th
TO see the peace OF Europe broken, but that she
would hold herself ready to act as she thought
best with regard TO those who went 10 war
without cause. they both declared that Sardi-
MIA would give no cause of offence 10 hpr
III cor tt.a a;tI,a
trigue nor revolution. Though these declara-
lions were satisfactory, the ambassador ex-
presses the belief that an outbreak in Iom-
bardy would he sure TO carry Piedmont along
with II. however contrary to the wishes of the
King. Though tine Hing was not ayerse TO
war, yet II could not be supposed that un-
supported, he would willingly encounter the
whole power of Austria. Placed between two
great powers, bofh armed 10 the teeth it WIS
natural that he should arm himself to the MT
IN list OF his ability. This armament was ruinous
to Sardinia, and she had protested against il az
the Congress of Paris. in 1850 The Congress
had not listened, and revolution on her borders
was the consequence. Sir j. HUDSON ex presses
the opinion, that If Sardinia would coniinc
herself to this course of action it might pro-
duce good by forcing the state Of things upon
the attention of the other States interested.
Tile reply of lord MALMEsBuRY reveals the
entire groundwork of the DERBY policy with
regard TO the Italian question. 1t was neither
more nor less than dlstrust of Sardinia and
France, or rather all entire want of faith in
Their proteS tations. He tells Sir J HIDsoS
that If war commenced it Will involve the
whole Italian race, and conyuise Europe from
one end 10 the other. Her Majesty's gov
ernmeht," he says, cannot shut their eyes to
the probability that Sardinia NAV ne lured
by the prospect of aggr;tndi2cment to take part
III Inc approaching conflict, or at ali events to
encourage the dlscontented spirits of Itaiy to
look forward to change iii the distribution
ofpower iii that country, which might lead
n rtDsl III =,
an events, of sn Itaii;,n confederation i'm which
sardinia would hold a prominent part,,-
Sach policy, he says. would be fatal to Sar-
alhia; making her play second part to France
and Austria in the war which might rnsue
anu , eoi,ie o"' OK IL nearly ruined, as small
States always do where they take part in III.
qnarreis OF great powers. He warns Sardinia
not 10 place any reliance on the Lombartls
who, he says, deceived them once before &c
Having delivered himself of this weighty
document, the Foreign Secretary then sits
down 10 issue his instructions to Lord Cow
LEY, the British Ambassador III Paris. He tells
that 1unctlonary thai the words of the French
Emperor, addressed 10 Baron HUBNER have
produced IN England an alarm which could
not be quieed by The pacific tone of the Mont
fehr The Ambassador is requested to urge IL n
on the Emperor the importance of keeping the
peace under any circuns tances not invol ing
the vital interests of France, and 10 remind
him OF the benefits resulting from the Anglo
French alliance He can see no rational cause
Oh ill-wlii between France and Austria but
I''ier thinks their present relations merely
,he result OF a certain degree of irritation on
hoih SIDES, and therefore calling for the media-
tion OF some such friendly mower as England
Lord CowLEY is requested to INN unon the
emperor, that while there il no in terest of na
uoEal Importance to either State at issue there
Is q State, and there are persons ready to en-
broil the Two for their own selfish purposes-
Ihe hazards OF war which, if il once COM
mencs, Will be the longest and bloodiest on re-.
cord, are insisted on with great yehemeuce
ana the oanger that II would become a war of
opinion, in which France would hear the hea
West burthen, and republican principles gain
the ascendancy. Instructions are given TO enter
Freely with the Emperor into the present state
OF italy, which he knows from Il conversation
ne himself (l1ord Nj y held with him at Com
plesne, is subject of great uncasiness to him
ut may be-althoush have no reason for be-
lleving such is the case-that i'm a war with
Austria, having Sardinia for an ally. he may
play the important part of regenerator of
l Italy" If SO, the treaties of 1915 must be ef-
faced for such a redistribution of power can
not be efected without the consent of the
parties to those treaties" "But these COM
pac,s have ensured TO Europe the longest
peace on record. and, i'm the opinion of her
Maestys government, still answer their ori.
eihai purpose in maintaining the balance OF
power Though the government is no. in
uineLehl 10 the snferings of The Italian peo-
pie, 'ney nre convinced that they cannot be al
Ieyiafed by war between France and Ans
Iria, which can only result in "A change of mas.
ers. Improvement in the condition of the
ltaiiah people, can only be effected by a good
understanding between France and Austria
ind they are recommended to unite in carry,
ng out system Of gradual reform England
would unite with them, although, as a Protes
ant country, she could not take too prominent
part, lest she should excite suspicion of Sec
arian motives. The same thing might be said
4 Prussia and Russia If they approved Ifit
hould appear to the two great Roman Catho.
ic Empires that any modification of the terri
orial distribution Of Central Italy would con-
ributs to the peace and good government Of
he country, without enfeebling the spiritual
nthority Of the Pope, her Maicsty's govern
lsnt as well as the other parties TO the treaties