The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-08-07
~unneI and Long Dock Ferry
vark and Eric Railroad.

. an. svest Lever, prepare YEARLY eS banding
~. hroaaer aelds Of enterprise, and ~ss incrs> 'es
~ pushipg on like avalanche whose po"
- II moves =, .rao.v
nan ., attempts TO conceive the result fifty years heac''
!, .csnce and energy increase in the same prop'''o
and make the same rapid strides that have cnars''eu
the second quarter Of the present century hen arc
voupe whose fathers regarded journey sgans' "
ana tide abou. a. feasible Of the pesen' I'd!
youk upon an aerial flight the moon; yet long Vo'ae
are now performed with puncuaty and rapidly Which
induce the behoder, who watches the pe'0a' ex
t,ea,u Of the various ocean steamships !" owedge and
cndcr nj the mighty victory ss' ,ed BY man over the
seastefous element w.cn is now subdued and rendered
subservient to hB convenience
The steam engine invented by James Watt dis 70; |
make appearance till about the year 1178, ana was 10y
q long period wholly combined to pumping water and |
hpg waterfalls from colier,es In the year 1903
sorne experiments made near Parir on the Seine
TO rropel beat by steam, but does o. appear
,S ,s 10y ny csos1 cent 50 CLOSELY Goa
served &c imnorRlize the pame o. Eooert Faon, who
ore. p,SpeileS boat VIA steam on the Hudson IN the
yee: 1897: Ffvo year, Afterwards steamboats, were in
Toduced into Enrope. The Atlantic first crossed By
nsnns OF steam in mo year 1872
Ine urss SarNy ed railroad in Eugland-ihe Stockton
ssn Dar Mgton-Snly Obtained the sanction OF tue British
~ IN ID year 1923 and was mot opened f'r uai;
smpieykd-h rscr, stationary engines and loaomosves-
with bat yer indifferent success.
So aite known Of the superiority Of the movesble
engre or Soomcve for railway purposes that in O,.o
81 1913 wien the Liverpool and Manchester line wss
q y he gon n
% eer hmYne which the best powerlie moveaole or
AMY engine rner FepVr s hoss
,n mt engineers, on whose Judgment the company coue
we're then .s on axe
~ csme 10 tho conclusion that the advantages
shrr ' H low Mr. ssphsn:on, the company en-
yfrecr, was decidsdly in favor Of thu locomotive
aais Of $500 in proved locomotive. aad
she 10th Of Ocoeer following Eve machines were put 10
Co u Newcastle appears 70 have beeo the m,tt COM.
pte IN best adapted 10 the purpoee So superior
ths machine to every thing taAt nsd preceded 1t that !.
o-er SIG more suaoe in every respect 10 railway ira
veung The liverpool sno Asaches,er line the frs.
hit carried passengers, Esd Is regarded WONDER
Sc achievement when locomotive, wish fopy asl
sssioea Gspeee under The most favorable circumstances
OF EtJteD sail,s ger EOur.
Tpe poser Of the locomotive war no argers theory,
bot act hrnly estshhshed and ito n,eoso ADVANTAGES
by The whole u the civilized world Railways
were constructed 10 ali parts OF Europe and Amescs,
soon monopoze, the whole of the Inland carrying Wade
Peace had regned in Europe and America for number o.
years, and commerce aud manufactures rad rapidly
banded in all directions, ami the public requirements,
peciay in America where large cities yearly sprang out
the deset had far ougrown the Recommendations pro
vided by caDala and turnpike roais.
nenceme Mt Its grsndest Tolevelh road with almo
nsshemsiical accuracy and make straight ptcti
kill and foresight than the engineer had
sion previously 70 employ has been found tba. the
tunes as great as inclined plane rIe,pg yard
hundred and the pressure the fangcs Of toe wheels
against the rails on abrupt no, only destroys the
road but greatly retards the speed.
The railway traveller, seated in commodious softly
cushioned, Well ventilated car atgely little
Of the formidable character Of the along which ne
carried at from tary 70 ortJ D,iics per hour ana
cRaonay faster; few reflect the ai
have been overcome the anxiety, the untrng patience
the mastering Of unforeseen difficulties and the heavy
su- NJ Can,tal in Il,
county in which probably there i've miles OF
proper level over rivers valleys upon boss aud
very bowels q the esfsh, where the genial rays Of day
never yet stra b, ahesd-issfoy
ing space, apd masking dstaat cities alnost suburbs.
How striking the difference betxeen the old and new
the old stage coaches exant in which the traveller
nearly week performing days journey of The pfeseat
stness Incurred humping roads no. To
neeton tbs ds4greea6le fsc. of his being nearly
fellow travellers. jamued in small, unventia'ed spaces
Inn osed upon by inDkeepers and ex.oroeste guards
" come danger OF being stopped ard plundered By high
The mighty revolution which steam has wrough.
surpre TIE sage minds Of our older inhab.ao,s
u must have been lie flower, whose bud, long deve
lofps lad suddenly onrkt, sho wing s superior excel
ieLce and admirable perfection In all ts proportions
ORe Of the most formidable undertakings 10 connection
with the oonatruston of railroad is tonneiDg.
deraksg t1a to be successful requires the engineer
be exercised determining the lay of the strata and
the materials to be penetrated, testing them By careful
The usual mode Of execu ng tannel is a. follows
careful preliminary e1aInn ston made Of the geooS
taken, from which profile Of the surface Of the ground
70 be under De formed 70 the character
Of the rground strata, before letting the to
contractors, vertical boripes made through the
Ate OF the proposed tunnel, trial ehafts
sunk with the same object No mater how thorough
this preliminary examination may be, the nature Of the
ma mad
In tone csses, where the tunnel OF great exteut
adrfsway dug through But tns cannos De done when
the work s ensve in the Of the Bergen tunnel
which We are about to deecroe which WAS commenced
a various points by means Of ver,ica! working ahat.
The terminus of TIE New YORK ana Erie Railroad a.
present at Piernont twenty one miles from New York,
which 10 the depot TO which their freight ia C0isigaed
From Perpont % jersey City toe passengers aud freight
brought t~o miles Of the lines the New Jersey
Tfanspor.ato Company, for which accommodation the
New YORK and Erie Railroad Company have pay six
for every passenger and eight cents Tor every ton Of
freight besdes $50 day for the Of steam ferry
boat TO land passengers 10 this CRY. IL avoid the
fees now paid 70 another company tas the Bergen tun
ne-the only obetacie IN the wuynas been menced
which, when completed, will bring the terminus of the
New York and Erie Railroad down the beach seen
Jersey City ami Hoboken; and the colossal undertaking
BY the Long Dock Company which is TO be completed
simuliane ousy, will allow vessels 0. the heavest
can then be brought from the Western States and d.,
vered in any port In Europe without breaking bulk more
The Bergen tunnel was commenced early in June 1856
under the contract OF John aaery, chief engineer
nnA"oOu, INC Drouhiyn WAFER wOrks; engineer
charge, John Houston, ana expected completed
within two years from da.e terrible crisis OF
1Sb7-S which caused the suspension not oAy and
90 many osber railroad conpsnies but also nearly
The banks Of the Union compelled tins company to
suspend operations on tos highly portant work by
which toey were brrthened with the interest $780,
o0o and more than thousand sent 70 swell the
heavy column Of our impoverished poor
Operations we're again commenced February 1855 bat
were soon after stopped is said account OF work
exceeding the original estimate Ia February last The Goa
trait was turned over TO Mr. Seymour Of bs firm Of
Sey mour cumming, acd operations up 10 ths tine
have been carried on with great energy From 800 70
miners are employed, who divided into two di.
Visions technically called shfts that one dis gon
working from A. H. to 9 p NJ, when the second diyi
SION relieves them working till they in relieved
~ the first The 'shifs" doing night work week about.
The divided into gangs distributed over the
shafts, with foreman over eacn gang On Saturday the
workmen leave at half past II p. aud the shafts ara
secured till Monday morning