The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1859-10-12
ITALIAN AFrAlRs-orFIcIAL Exposn1oN.

4 v
From the Paris Moniteur.
When facts speak for themselves. i would
appear at the FIRST glance useless 70 explain
hem. Nevertheless, when passion or m
rigue distorts the most simple incidents. il
becomes indispensable to re-establish their
real character, in order that every one may
be able, with full knowledge of the facts,
TO Judge OF the progress of events.
In the month Of July last, when the Franco
Sandman and Austrian armies were in pres
snce oil each other, between the Adige and
The Mincio, the chances were nearly equal
on both sides; for. If the former had on its
side the moral influence Of successes obtain
ed, the latter army was numerically stronger,
and leant for support, not only on formula.
bic furtresses, but also on the whole OF Ger
many, which at the frst signal was ready to
make common cause 10 favor OF Austria.
Had that eventuality been realized the EN-
peror Napoleon would have been forced to
Withdraw his troops from the banks OF the
Adige to direct them on the Rhine, and the
cause of Italy, for which the war had been
undertaken. would have been, if not lost, at
least seriously compromised.
In these grave circumstances, the Empe-
ror thought that il would be advantageous to
France in the first place. and to Italy next,
to conclude peace, provided the conditions
were in conformity with the programme
which he had imposed on himself, and use
full to the cause which he wished TO serve.
The first question was to know whether
Austria would cede by treaty the territory
which had been conquered; the second.
whether she would freely abandon the SUI
premacy which she had acquired throughout
the whole Of the Italian peninsula whether
she would recognise the principle Of an ita.
liam nationality in admitting federatiye
system and, lastly, whether she would con.
sent to endow Venetia with Institutions
which would make her real Italian pro,
vince.
Relative TO the FIRST point. the Emperor Of
Austria coded, without dispute, the con.
|quered territory; and, with regard to the
second, he promised the most extensive con
cessions to Venetia. admitting for her future
organization the position OF Luxembourg as
regards the Germanic Confederation /; but he
made as a sine qua non condition for these
concessions the return of the Archdukes TO
their States.
Tn question was, therefore. very clearly
set forth at NiIlafrsnca. Either the E,npe-
ror Napoleon should st,pu.ate nothing TO
venetia. and conine himself to the sdvanta.
g.s acquired BY his arms. or else, in order
to obtain important concessions and the re-
cogni,ion Of the principle Of nationality. he
should give his adhesion to the return Of the
Archdukes. Common sense, therefore. trac-
ed out his line Of conduct, for il was by no
means contemplated TO bring back the Arch
dukes with the assistance Of foreign troops.
but. on the contrary. to effect their return,
with serious guarantees, by the free will Of
the people, who would be made to under
stand how much that restoration was for the
interest Of the great Italian country.
Such. in few words, is the real eIplana.
tion Of the negotiation If yillafranca; and
to every impartial mind il j. evident that
the Emperor Napoleon obtained BY the treaty
of peace rs much and perhaps more than he
achieved By arms. IL must even be admit.
ted that il was not without feeling Of deep
! sympathy that The Emperor Napoleon saw
with what frankness aud resolution the En-
peror Francis Joseph rennunced, for the in.
teres. Of European peace and from desire
to re establish good relations with France,
not only one Of his finest provinces, but also
the policy. dangerous perhaps. but not de.
void Of glory. which had secured to Austria
the domination which she exercised over
Italy.
In fact, If the treaty were sincerely exc.
cuted. Austria would be no longer Tor the
Italian Peninsula that hostile and formidable
Power. ,hwarting all national aspirations
from Parma 70 Rome and IRON Florence 10
Naples: but, IN the contrary she became a
/ friendly Power, since she consented willing.
" not to be any longer German Power on
this side OF the Alps. and to herself develop
Italian nationality to the shores Of the AdrI.
attic.
From what preceiles il Is easv 20 compre.
bend that II, after the peace, the destinies
Of Italy had been conhhei to men more anx
ions abpnt the future of the common country
than Of petty partial successes. the aim Of
their efforts would have been TO develop and
not {, thw4rt the consequences Of the treaty
OF yIllafranea. What could be more simple
and more patriotic. in fact, than 20 say "a
Austria, Won wish 10 see the Archduke,
return: Well, be il So; but then eve.
cute faithfully your promises concerning
venetls; let her receive life Of her own
let her have an Italian army and an Italian
administration IN a word. let the Emperor
of Austria be no more on this side Of the
Alps than the Grand Duke Of yene;ia, a. the
Klng Of Netherlands. ia for Germany, merely
the Grand bake of Luxembourg"
II j. possible even that BY means Of frank
and friendly negotiations The Emperor d
Aas,ria might have hren indaeed 10 adap
combinations msre in accord with the de
sires manifested By the Duchess of Modeni
and Parma.
The Emperor Napoleon. after what has
passed. had a right 70 reckon on the gone
sense and patriotism Of Italy, and TO believe
tina, she w0Vd understand the handspring D
hls policy. which may be resumed 10 thes,
words: Instead Of risking European war
and consequently the independence Of hi
country, instead Of again rIpending tire,
hundred millions. and shedding the blood o
ffty thousand Of his soldiers. the Rmpero
Mannheim has accented a nsacs which sane