New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-09-20
THE STATE OF EUROPE.
From Der Own Correspondent


The italian confusion begins TO clear up, aud,
happily for Freedom and Progress, it is not in the
interest Of Despotsm and Oppression that the al
fsiIs are dsentaDgled SO far as We can see, II ls
indeed the Emperor of Austria who has been cheat
ed at yilIsfranca losing more than be was pre-
pared 10 give up ct the suddenly concluded peace
In the eageIness Of eyadDg the pressure OF Prussia
ard Of public opinion sll over Germany, which
insisted upon q more decent administration oil The
provinces Of Austris and upon modltca eaton OF the
Concordat ss the price of the eagerly expected
support Francis Joseph consented 10 surrender
Lombsrdy but not his position as tae ruling Italian
Power. The Italian Confederation, that old
scheme Of Metternch, which Austrian diplomacy
was unable 70 attain, and which would have
legally subjected tie Peninsula to the rule
of the Cabinet of Vienna, was offered
by Napoleon, and proved too inviting
bait to the inexperienced Emperor. lie swallowed
it at once insisted upon the restoration OF his
cousins of Modena and Tuscany IN order to get the
usiorty and direction of the Confederation, for
getting in his eaeerness even the principles OF le-
eitimacy and divine right, and sacrificing the rights
Of the Duchess Of Parma. Too proud to remem-
Der that il WAS the King Of Sardinia who had been
bis principal enemy, and wishing to slight hlm, he
coded Lombardy TO Napoleon, not 10 victor
Emanuel, and money matters being too low for
an Emperor, be did not speak about his financial
distress and what portion OF the Austrian de0t ne
wished TO transfer together with the lost province,
satisfied that Napoleon would behave as gentle
man and not object 10 any amount Of Austrian debt.
As to the Amnesty mention ed by the French En-
peror he had no objection, since he thought It
would not be interpreted further than az extending
To the Lomba add Hungarian deserters, unworthy
to be a peculiar object of imperial revenge.
However, when the stipulations OF VllAlranca
came into the hands OF those unfortunate diplomat.
lists, who have TO arrange the peace at the Hotel
Bauer at Zurich, il was soon found out that the
Confederation was altogether impractlcaole, and
when the envoy of Sardinia spoke OF the proper
ton in which the troops OF his King are to garrison
the fortresses of the Qusdrateral, which cannot
but be regarded as federal, the Emperor OF Aus
tria found he had caught Tartar, and instructed
bis Embsssador at Naples to breakup the idea o1
the Confederation by the resistance OF the hing OF
Naples. AS regards the transfer OF portion
Of the Austrian debt to Sardinia the Sardl-
Man plenpotentiary declares that there must
be some misunderstanding IN the matter,
since his master got the province from the
Emperor If France az a present, without any DUR
den and not from the Emperor Of Austria; be was
therefore unable 10 understand how Austria could
now throw any debt upon or attach Whatever
condition to tie free gift of France. /. would
have been right at Vairanca to speak about the
conditions Of the transfer; but now 1t was too late.
A great discussion likewise took place about the
name of the new kingdom, Victor Emanuel wish
inp 70 exchange his old title of King of SARDINIA
for that of King of Upper Italy, while AUS
tria theoretically opposes such new-fangled title,
mich contains occult claiIa to Veneta ana pro.
poses the title Of King of Sardinia and Lombardy"
r 81. ,,l, offs at WA
souapdered with such petty quarrels, the Duches
quietly organized themselves, levied an army,
succeeded in eIlisting Generals Fdntl and Garoad,
elected Conventions, decreed the deposition OF the
Austrian and Bourbon Princes, and expressed
solemnly their Wisb 10 be annexed To PIEDMONT
Napoleon, in order to show MS goou iatu
toward Austria, had them bulled and coaxed. by
bis epvoys, Count Resset and Prince Ponistowsky,
but when the time arrived for free expression OF
his policy he cooy declared, that though ne wishes
TO see the Archdukes restored he will not bring
them back BY force, nor will he allow Austria 10
do il. The Court of Vienna ia now furious, but
Francis Joseph is not eager to renew the unequal
struggle with France and Italy, especially
since he has managed to embitter the
feelings Of the Prince Regent of Prussia
and to estrange the sympathies OF Southern
Germany Moreover, he is bothered by the French
amnesty, as Count BOurqueDey now insists upon
similar Austrian amnesty, and still greater morth
cation is in store for Francis Joseph since il really
seeus as if Napoleon felt himself strong enough TO
relax his despotsm. The Constitutional yes
terday, copied the letters of Louis Blanc of Proud
hon, and of Victor Hugo, on the amnesty, without
any comment much to the astonishment of the
Parlsians, who do not know as yet whether the
press is really to be less restricted than before.
The Provisional Government of Modena caused
some letters of tho expelled Duke to be published
which were found among his papers. lie calls
Napoleon simply brigaDd, and is proud of never
having acknowledged his Empire. OF course, this
publication does not smooth the way of the restora.
ton, and the Paris papers contain now several
Characteristic bits of the history OF that Prince.
The correspondent Of the Sect6, Edmond IeXler,
for instance, says:
"When the French had crossed the Alps, the Duke
compreherded that his position had become very
critical one. He took down all the pictures IN his
magnificent pa ace psokei up hs objects OF art TOOK
from the fine library of Este the most valuable of the
manuscripts possessed himself Of the collection Of
gold medals and seLt off al these riches by night 70
Vienna The handles Of the doors of the rooms IN the
dcal palace were in silver he had them moved ana
replaced by glass ones. When all these things had
been removed he took al TIE money from the public
treasury and left at the head of his army OF 900. Al
that time the State of ModeDa occupied by Aus
trian troops and the Dakes force embodied H0eHS
r0icns in that OF Aus,ris. The Duke had at the time
eighty State prisoners confined in the fortress OF Reg
go he would not abandon them to their sad fate bat
had them conducted by the Austans to the prison at
Mantus. This last act shows the character of the
man. To carry off pictures, books, mocey, ard gold
medals bad enough, but thst might be tolerated,
although the act was not very delicate one; but 10
treat men ike articles of furniture and To include them
in the general removal was thing never before seen
heard o. Ii lie useless to add that these eighty unor
tunGe prisoners are still IN the claws OF the petty val
ture Of Modens.
TIE ZURICH CONFERENCES.
The pais cOrrespc nden of Tie London Times writ.
ing on the evening OF the Slst ultino, says: