Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1859-07-07
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From tho Country Gentleman.
QUANTITY AND VALUE OF THE
MANURE OF CATTLE

From tho Country Gentleman.
QUANTITY AND VALUE OF THE
MANURE OF CATTLE.
We have found the following remarks IN
the report of recent discussion at the meet
ing of the London Farmers Club, Eng
land:
The gentleman who oopeued the discussion,
Mr.. Baker, is reported to have said that ne
had found, on Investigation, thata cow feed.
ing on 100 lbs. of grass, gave Il lbs OF
solid and liquid deposit. An OK would pro-
duce II cwt. while feeding on turnlp or
mangel-wurtzel, with "a to % lbs. Of solid
straw daily: or, in all, about $50 lbs. of SOL
id and liquid manure would be produced BY
the OK daily. (This, we presume, is true only
Of an OK of very large size, and weighing
about 1000 lbs An OK, if kept feeding
continually on turnips, grain, and hay in the
ordinary mode, would produce in the seven
months of Winter about twelve tons of man.
ure ; and, if foddered in summer, about sew
en- tons more. Thus large OK would pro-
duce, altogether, about nineteen tons in the
yard. In feeding in boxes, an OK of average
weight, it was said, would produce about
eleven cubic yards Of manure in four months,
or thirty-three cubic yards if kept constantly
in box for the whole year,
In reference to the value of manures from
farm stock, it was remarked that horses was
much superior to that from oxen, and that
from oxen superior to that from COWS, and
that from old or full.grown animals far su-
perior to that from young animals. A cow,
in feeding, extracts larger quantity of the
nurtritive qualities of food than an OK, be
cause food passes more rapidly into the form
of milk than of muscle, or flesh and fat. A.
gain, nearly all the food consumed by full.
grown animals goes to supply the natural
waste of the system ; whereas much of that
consumed by; younger ones is absorbed in
the formation of additions to the bones, flesh
and fat, and this is the reason why the rich.
est manure is produced by animals already
fat and ll-grown. -.
: In the feeding of horses it has been found,
said Mr.. Baker, that this animal produced,
in solid and liquid deposit, taken together,
three fourtbs in'weight of what it ate and
drank. A well.fed horse would give 81 tons
of solid and liquid manure per annum and
if to this were added about q tons of straw,
or other litter, the whole amount made by
a horse, in stable, in the course Of year
might be estimated at twelve tons.
In our former paper the two following re.
suits were obtained from collating variety
of observations made by different iudividu.
ais: l. That an average sized COW, or one
fed chiefly on hay, and allowed wl,ter freely,
will make about two and half pounds oi
solid manure for each pound of hay, or its
equivalent, consumed or, allowing one-6ftb
for difference between it and in the usuaI
state of dryness, about two pounds for each
pound Of hay consumed. 2. That the value
of the manure made by medium size COW
in the course of year, would be, according
to the usual modes of estimating ammonia
potash, and phosphoric acid, equal to be-
tween $50 and S23, or little over $40 in
the course of the six months of Winter.
A comparison of the somewhat loose esti
mates which We have quoted with the re-
suits which we, have obtained as to quantity.
from collating several observations Of the
highest degree of accuracy and reliability
will furnish additional grounds of confidence
in the conclusions at which we arrived. In
making any estimates based on these conclu'
sions, as to the quantity of manure made by
animals fed in stables, or distilleries, during
the Winter, it should be recollected thai
our conclusions refer to medium sized ami
mals-cows or cattle rather under than over
the weight of 1000 lbs. If the application
is to be made to the case of large oxen, from
l 400 to 1000 lbs., corresponding allow
ance must be made, according to the gross
weight and the greater quantity Of food con-
sumed.
As it may seem to many that the estimate
given in our former article, as to the ralue
of the total deposits, solid and liquid, of q
medium sized cow or OK, during the course
of year, must be too high, we wish to re-
mind SUCH of the fact that, according to the
usual modes of managing manures, far more
than half its value is dissipated by exposure
to rain, sun and wind, while the liquid por'
ton is seldom saved at all. AS manures are
usually managed, there is little wonder that
some should think them hardly worth haul
ing and spreading. The virtue has gone ou1
Of them. =
Then, again, it should be remembered,
in estimating the value ofmanures, that much
very much, depends on the nature OF the
food consumed. The more nitrogen there
is in the food, the more ammonia will there
be in the manure. A cow orox fed on straw
poor hay, and no grain, will yield manure Of
much less value than the one fed on richer
food, with oil.cake, &c.
FEEDING OFF PASTURE LAND.