The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-12-12
The Commerce Of the East.
CAPTAIN w. r. LYECH's LECTURE BEFORE THE KANE
sf0STTNSNT AaS0CfATfoN


aosUAEsT ASSOCIATION.
The second of lectures under the direction Of
DE Kane Monument Associations the proceeds Of which
be applied for the erection Of monument the
hate Elisha Kent Kane, the intrepid Arctic explorer was
delivered Thursday evening, by Captain W. f. Lynch,
Baited States Navy His subject "The Commerce of
the East, Developements and the Probable Effect of
those Deveopemens on the Great Future Of the Holy
Ians.n The lecturer, in introducing his subject gave
very interesting Of the origin Of the OF nav
Ra0n up from the floating Of the Phenician
70 the raft the galley, manned with oarsmen. and
ne ship propelled by sails, to the maritime
which sprung from the art Of navigation.
H. traced the progress Of that commerce with the
East the Arabian in the dawn Of history, the
trade carried on by the PhGnicians via the Eamtc gulf
Of the Red Sea- the change effected by the founding OF
Alexandra, the shortest the Red India
Uncovered by the daring Of Hppaes, the commander Of
Egg tan vessel the route through the desert by the
Romans, who extended IT 10 China The territorial
RESOURCES, commerce and commercial importance Of
CHINA; ts immense population of350 600 900; the
aua,vy aud industry the p.ople-their prone
TO traffic, and VITO give employ 70 more than
lsC 200 AZ American shipping and from whom in 1866
Ne bought 600 900 lbs of He to the
efforts Iessa divert the Chinese trade those Of
England nonopolsse it, England, he said, commands
sou~ est ana eastern gate of the China sea, by
psesession ,1 Singapore part Of the magnificent
tIana Of Boz neo Hong Kong an island at the entrance
Canton 10 part OF the English domain. England
has been soc ff m monopoIsne the trade or Canton
river La III rivslry between Russia and England, our
syDpathes tlbond be with the latter Power in
her efforts break down commercial restrictions In
nunI,cs for herself, but claimed and obtained
an equal parc sanon for all the approaches by
Russia towards INDIA During the last fifteen years that
Power seized upon and obtained Manchoora which in
territorial extent 1qoal TO Great Britain France Ger
many incisdmg Austria, and Turkey IN Europe all put
together RUSSIA has built her Pacific railroad, connected
BY railroad and canal to the Mediterranean and the Black
Sea with the Sea Of Azof and the Caspian Seas and placed
herself within striking distance Of Erzeroum. BY the
Improvement Of the Araxes and by founding Co.'S
saek settlements, and the building Of wells IN the
desert Of Tartary, Russia has laid the foundation
ssr connecting Bax wkh cabu one OF the prn-
stal tributaries OF the IndHs The lecturer then noticed
NE great wealth and wonderful Of Hindostan
increasing commerce, its 800 600 Of shipping
h the cossrEs trade its 800 coo men employed In the
navigation vte Cages its 1000 miles IN operation and
CONTRACT 600 mles al railroad contracted for
by chartered conpanias under guarantee Of the
government, estimated cast OF 500 geo 600, and
us canas, OF them, the Grand Ganges, eight nun
bred ninety miles length Attention was then called
60 the markets cf immense extent being opened just VIXEN
the supply by manufacturing skill far exceeds every
sent demand and requires just such resources as China
lDda ana Persa bringing forward. The central p0r
Of the Fsyssan Cuff bisected by the east and west
lines EeE York 10 Shanghae BY the eastern route
why not a nsrt Of commerce with which New York
wopd be broJRlH az near TO the cape Of eastern
nerCe ~ San Francisco s N Shanghat Toe speaker
made o comparison of the lines west from
L0ndan 81 ey, and from San Francisco 70 shanghae
ne Iset by ns,ch the lopgestthe probability of the
Asia,ic trade o Europe passing directly over this cont
nent IL the western route adopted, European
q sde wish Asia would proceed via Panama The speaker
Then referred the steamer Spread Eagle having last
SUMMER assembled the Missouri river upwards Of 900
mikes 70 within short distance OF the Ravigabe |
waters OF the Columbia that by the last accounts |
vapou rosd frosu stream to stream nearly com
pessd He asked how long before the wagon road would
- succeeded by rairoads and how long, therefore, BE-
fre Missouri would be the transportation route for
merchandise the Pacncf BE called attention 10 the
rivers Of CAsa and India; the Yangfse Kiang rising in
Tbbet passng the Irawady and Pegu which flow
through sam ami Barmsh the Of the last
heriading with OF the Bamahpooiia which eapies
the Bay a Bengal side by side the river Gauges
me- fAuk Gkat{l ~ nf
descending ~u sscend the Yang Kiang the Irawa5y
tn Pegu, and crcDg The navgaoIe waters Of Idis
b. conveyed u tho Bay Of Beng Arabian Sea2 He
smoke az Kww4thee M esiecon by England az ia com
crcal rs7of the hines ~ setgrsph railways CON
pleted and In progress, ssdise 20 He rrges the
Gulf When be asked, reaching isn b al ~ the Gulf
ss.ll ,t continue up tho cxcuitous channel OF
he Elphrates, or, turning 70 The ieft, be dsen-