The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-04-28
THE PARAGUAY TREATY.
Our New Relations with South America
Opening Of the Great Rivers to
American Commerce,
Our Asuncion Correspondence.


Our AsuncIon Correspondence.
FLAG SHIP FULTON, !
AsuScfoS, PARAGUAY Feb. IL, 1850.
The Ss5acsovy Results Of the Paraguay Erpedition-Te
indicative Character Of Former observation-disclosures
Page IN III Favor a1 the Psvaguayaa Government for
ReleasinS American Ciseas-Lepess Former Intraca.
Commissioner Fitzpatrick and his Ltckless Com
miss@n-7he argument Of tie Cdnnon-7ae Bo.o,ir
Treaty a T,iumph-Ep;t0me # The Demands on Lopez
The Pesdon Treaty TArosca Ooe,5oard-Aduantages of
the New 7seasy-FTee Navigation of the Rtce,s-Me
Treaty to be in ce Ten Pears-Gopes's Son TO be peciz
Esp0y to WeshiaomLepess Resistance 70 ne Cmpaaysl
Czaiss-Ores'shs Of he Cmapany-S,srliag Friendship
Of Brazil and the CDnedeyatioa-P Pleasing Emotion, Of
the Payagioycns-ReJ0icings al The Return Of Peace--
Future Prospects u Paraguay Relieved from Decpoia-
Less Presents Rst'pned-TAs Part Played by the Secr.-
tary Of legation, de-, dc.
The fruits Of the Paraguay commission are treaty of
friendship navigation and commerce. convention agreed
upon for the final settlement Of dsagreeneats reclsa
,ons aud all the d,uliss lately created between Tho
United States and Paraguay declaration rendering tho
waters Of Paraguay their continents FREQ 10 the nay
CATION Of all vessels OF the United States Of America and
finally the explanations and apologies to our govern
men for insus to the flag ard injuries done to American
citizens All this has been accomplished in the brief
space Of three weeks and the political sky Is at
last serepe and the burthcn Of expectation, and anxiety
jOyousy removed from the hearts Of these simple and do
cle people, avail my self Of tho leisure moments TO
discuss with You the whole subject cassed above In
the first place. may say with safety that past nego
tiaons with Paraguay have been Of character weak
and laundering to be dsgraceful to the country Our
earliest representative the actual minister the Ar
genne Confederation Mr. Pendeton, who aocompan ing
Sir Charles Hotham, the British Envoy 10 this place.
Guided on the 4h of March, 1885, treaty with President
Lopez in which the constitutional name Of country
does not Indeed it almost TO have been
ftudousy avoided. The treaty very properly re-
jected by the Senate, the title Of United States of
North America being regarded rs a barbarism. With
this amendment OF the Senate, it Captain
Page, all necessary powers and accompanying docu.
ments being conferred upon that officer for its exchange
At this tms however, Captain Page was In ths enjoy
ment Of the perfect i'll will OF the supreme government OF
Paraguay on account Of his having short period pre-
vious, rescued number Of American ciiz residing
the country from the tyraanica oppression if por
Gus hold, OF its ruler; and his official communications
consequently returned under the plea that they
were not written in the Spanish language. 1t was evil
dent that the Psraguayan has gained courage
and psolence from the ndecson and mbeclity Of
tain commander Of the Brazil squadron and less
credtabe representative at Buenos Ayres. With usual
Department was Immediately informed shat minister
penipotentiary would be acceptable his government
for the purpose of settling the pending difficulties existing
between US, at which invitation Mr.. b Fitzpatrick had
the honor OF being appointed on mission nearly similar
to that Of Judge Bo4n aud took with him to Asuncion
the luckless treaty that had long been waiting bs
exchanged 1t then utterly rejected by the obstinate
and ntractable Lopez, his for Kidding himself
Of it, slight obligations being that he objected to
the amendments. AT the same time he offered 10
negotiate anew with the American Commissioner
Here, then, occurred most extraordinary conflict Of
opinion. Mr. Marcys letter informed the Paraguay gov
eminent that tho distinguished citizen of the United States
Richard Fitzpatrick, was empowered to upon all ques
tons then a. ssue between the two but the
distinguished citizen having much humber opinion Of
inc powers vested In him. and not having read nsruc
fobs with sufficient care declared thai his presence in
Asunoon only for the purpose the above
mentioned unfortunate treaty which treaty the most
excellent President OF Paraguay not being willing 10 ar
cpange, Commissioner Fitzpatrick permitted his CORES
poDdnce 10 be nsoen,ly cosed as had been becn ana
returned to the United States Finally President B1chsnan
whilst bTeathng life into oil foreign relations did
not overlook the negligent and dsreputabe state OF our
Affairs with Paraguay, nor fail to recommend proper
course OF actOn thereon to Congress conpeteat MI
mister and respectable naval force galvanized and i'm
proved the Pendefon treaty. which. 10 its present and
more important shape Is q triumph az unexpected ma -
difiouit TO obtain The Bowln treaty is framed uDon
he most liberal basis and embraces privileges which
We MOS intimate and friendly relations alone permit
ana which have never before been acquired by any
unless except the Brazilian. The Commissioner In pur
sung course at once frank firm and courteous has
achieved more than ever anticipated and
lar more than the republics Of Spanish America ever
thought possible under the existing crcumstances w.
The demands were explicit, the terms simple Ths
whole subject Is embraced in the following uuimr =.
fat-An apology for the attack upon the Water Witch
from Fort lapiru, being vessel purely engaged in scen
tdc pursuits for the benefit Of mankind and oarlcuarIv
Ior mat OF the riparian States along the Of tho
Ko De Plata, with an indemnity TO the family of the
seaman who was killed ON board At that time
second-An apology for the offensive manner in which
commander Pages proposition for exchange OF the
Publications Of ,he Pendeton treaty WAS receye and for
tne insoent reection upon the grounds alleged Of the
came treaty the time when Mr. Fitzpatrick was snecaj
Commissioner 10 Paraguay. f
Thrd-A suitable indemnity 70 the United States and
Paraguay Navigation Company for the losses and damages
incurred ny them In consequence of the treatment TO
which the individuals Of that company were subectd he
the government of Paraguay.
Fourth-Tbe ALLEGATION OF the United Senates amend
mens OF The treaty Of the 4th Of March, 1885, or in lieu
thereof new reay OF friendship, commerce and navp
t non me usual liberal principles between
nc explorations throughout the great system of rivers
moving through the valley Of La Plata develope their
capacity for commerce.
The President OF Paraguay prererring to negotiate a
new treaty and let the old Pendeton Convention be bu
that wh for the he hoped 70 enlarge the nri
vegcs granted six years back though Lopez may have
rnougn. INT oy 'hs proceeding he might restrict still
more is terms That fight We have won. The Commits
soners proposition that in matters Of commcrce the
treaty should resemble that negotiated in 1859 with GEN
urqnza and "a the President Of the Argentine Confedera
ton was present at the time, the concession was made 70
certain extent BY the Pendeton treaty American YES
ses were not permitted to proceed beyond Asuncion un
less the President should think 1T to extend his favor in
this respect TO any particular individual by the B,vn
treaty all the waters Of Paraguay are free to our 0ag
though but one national vessel is allowed at Tina In each
river have no doubt but that Urquza was the means
OF our procuring this new and privilege though in
case OF nccessity for the sake Of humanity and cvza
hon believe We would have been justified ia forcing IL
at the lannon's mouth, to let in the wholesome atmos
phere OF the outer world into the long pent up and td
little world OF Paraguay However, without being belI-
Sose ., ponoasue IS sufficient to say that much has
been obtained In thus securing the free navigation of these
upper waters. " '
Inc next important advantage the vextenson Of the
time during which the treaty is to remain in Tnrcs amI
eject. The !epdleton treaty limited 10 six years
TIE present one extended 10 ten years. and 10 remain
inoehnteiy In effect until the other party nh ali
give years notice Of d. sire to abrogate It's terms
these and other points having been settled the qucs-
a,oee az 70 where the treaty should be exchanged
President lopez who has been accustomed IN hav ndcr
ms eye every operation OF his government 10 conduct
ali I'VE OuAineea Grsf