The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-07-18
Significant opsHivipgs jxpm Russia-The re-
arrangement Of Europe.

Significant Opssivipgs ixpm Russia--The Re-
arrangement Of EUROPE.
The frank and explicit declarations of the
Russian official documents, and of the recognized
organs of official opinion In st. Petersburg, have
long since proved the intimate relations that
ex's, between that Power and France and fire.
quently foreshadowed the policy that was to be
pu, 81 ed in the present conflict in Europe
thus, as lonl back as the middle of February
last, when several of the other Powers were
still striving to accommodate matters between
France and Austria, the Lnualide Rlsse, the organ
of the Russian War Office, stated that war would
epsue, and that after the first decisive battle the
treaties of Vie ma must be revised and remodel
led. After this came the evident Concurrent
action between the Courts of Paris and st.
Petersburg on the various questions of diplo-
matte mediation When the war broke out, and
Austria endeavored to secure allies in Germany,
Russia sent to the German Courts the strongly
worded circular with which our readers are &C.
quainted; and since then she has intimated to
Austria that if she should find powerful allies
in Germany she might by that very step
create powerful enemies elsewhere. The
language of the Gortschakoff circular to
the German Powers has been singulariy corrobo-
rated by recent circular of Monsieur Walewsh
to the French diplomatic agents. Following
these indications, we have now short but plain
spoken article, published in the Hsyulde Russo,
and reprinted in another column, which partially
lifts the veil from the intentions Of Louis Napo-
leon and Alexander.
1t states that a Congress will have to decide
upon the fate of Italy for in the European polti-
cal system important changes must be sanctioned
by the great Powers. 1t cites the instances of
the eight millions Of Irishmen calling for indie
pendence; of the ten millions of Christians in
Turkey signing to be relieved from the Ottoman
yoke; and Of the Czechians, Hungarians and
Poles none of whom could obtain national indie
pendence without the consent of the reigning
Powers. This fact, it asserts, is recognized By
Louis Napoleon and Victor Emanuel, neither of
whom bases his claims only on victories won, but
both will await for the consent of Europe to
sanction the acquisition of either territory or
rights. On these grounds it argues that 1t is
desirable to call together Congress as soon as
possible
The facts we have cited form strong chain Of
circumstantial evidence that complete plan
was laid some time since between France
and Russia to change the territorial
arrangement of Europe as recognized in exist
ing treaties. France aims to sweep away the al.
ready violated and paralyzed compacts Of vi.
emma, which exclude the Napoleonic dynasty
from her throne, and herself from extending to
the Rhine. Russia wishes to regain what she
lost by the war in the Crimea and the treaties of
Paris, and to deprive Austria Of the power she
welded 80 fatally to Russian interests when,
DUNG the Crimean contest, she marched her
armies into the Danubian Principalities. These
things can only be done in Congress of the Eu-
ropean Powers; and such gathering must be
preceded by rain of blood. Whether the tor.
rent that has already been shed on the plains of
Lombardy will suffice to cool the war fever Of
Europe time only can determine. The Congress
will meet, no doubt, at an early day; but whether
it will reportion Europe and fill it with "satis
fed naionalities,' or whether it will break up in
general war is the geSinss sas GgA-.;n" -, 49,,
ton that England may assume. The states
men who comprehend the epoch we live
in all condemn the policy of Austria
as incompatible with the spirit of the
age, and productive only of turmoil
and revolution to the nations and the reigning
Powers. France, Russia and Italy will be banded
against her in the Congress She can only look
for support from Germany; and there she will
not find it. Under the lead of Prussia, Germany
is Fastening to what Metternich called Teuton-
ism and Professionalism, or, in other words, to Ger
many unity and the complete separation of the
temporal from the ecclesiastical power. Prus-
Ella can act only as England consents to support
her; and if England holds aloof, Austria will be
forced to give up her possessions out of Germany
proper, and with them perhaps her medieval
theories of government. The views then, of
England governing Prussia, and through Prus-
sia the Germanic Confederation will not only
make her the ruling Power In the coming Con-
gress, but perhaps the arb:ter Of Europe.
What, then, will be the course of England in
European Congress for the repartidon of the ma
tons? England herself cannot determine this
important point until the aims of France and
Russia shall have been in some degree made ap-
parent by their propositions and the conse-
quent discussions at the meeting. viii Russia
aim to revenge on England the part she took in
the Crimean war as she is now doing towards
Austria? Will che seek to push her territorial
acquisitions nearer to the direct route to India,
and thus peril the British Indian empire? The
citing Of the eight millions of Disconnected
Iishmen by one of the admitted Russian organs
betokens no love for England And then what
does France want! Is the Mediterranean to be
made French lake? Must Belgium be acquired
and the frontiers of France be pushed to the
Rhine through war with England? Is
Waterloo yet to be avenged! Is the phan-
tom menace of Cherbourg to become re-