The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-09-12
EUROPE.
THE ITALIAN QUESTION.

Nlous, at Whlch the whole OF the plenipotentiares
were present. 1t does not appear that ANYTHING
very important occurred, or that the conversation
turned on any but secondary points, and, as no pro-
tocol was drawn up, no decision was probably come
to. Count CooredO is or was then, awaiting the
arrival of courier before entering on the more
serious part OF the business for which they are met
Baron de Bourqueney spoke separately to his co.
leagues on the amnesty, but in general terms and
when generalities only are the topic there is NOT
much room for disagreement The amnesty con-
stltutes one of the articles of the Treaty of Villa
ranca. In official circles here people appear to be
very sanguine as to the result of the Con-
ferences, which they expect will be brought to a
successful issue in the earl ry part of next month";;
and Count Coloredo expresses himself as among
the most confident of a satisfactory arrangement.
The following letter has been received from In
rich, dared the 22d inst:
"a conference was held yesterday, at which all
the eflenpotentarles assisted. 1t was so far inter.
estng that the Austrian Plenipotentiary had deyi-
ated from his Instructions according to which the
affairs of Lombardy should be treated separately
As there was no matter of serious consequence
discussed yesterday, no protocol will be drawn up.
1t Is not intended to discuss any serious matter
until after the arrival of dispatches which Count
Coloredo expects from vi ma containing the last
instructions with respect to the Duchies the italian
Confederation, and general amnesty. 1t is be-
lieved that the decree published in the U)vifeur of
the 10th will embarrass the Emperor of Austria
not little He engaged at Villafranca to decree a
general amnesty, in which he was anticipated by
the Emperor Napoleon. Are the authorities at vi
emma disposed to authorize the return of the Hun
garian and Venetian exes? This is very doubtful:
and, nevertheless, the treaty of VilIafranca is ay
pcit on that SUBJ bect 1t is believed here that the
conference will shortly be brought to conclusion,
although as yet nothing has been accomplished
The Paris correspondence of the L.ndon DaiIy
Ne0s writes as follows:
dispatch from Berne of this DAYS date states
that the French and Austrian PIeuipotentiaries
have regulated the affairs of Lombardy with the
consent OF the Sandman Penipotentiaries This
is considerable step, although the least difficult
one. The concluding part of the telegram states
that the affairs of the Duchies will probably be
treated of directly between Paris and Vienna. The
inference is that the Zurich Conferences are sub
stantiay over.
COrreSp ndence Of the London Tines1
PRUSSIA AND THE CONFERENCES.
BERLIN, Tuesday, Aug %. 1859
The attitude OF Sardinia and the Italian popula-
tions has made great impression here, proving. as
it does, how much the Italians have learnt in the
last ten wears. The political tact displayed both
by the Provisional Governments and the Chambers
they have called is assuredly one of the most re-
markable facts in history, and the position of the
President of the Tuscan Ministry, when he asserts
our English doctrine of 1858, that the SOVEREIGN
was not driven away, but deserted the country, is
unassailable. The unanimous resolution of the
Chamber, that the house of Lorraine cannot re-
turn, is the natural consequence ofthis. The Con-
terences OF Zurich cannot pretend to decide the
weightv questions which are now on the tapis
So long as the treaty only concerned boundary
between Austria and Sardinia they and France
were competent to decide without the voice of Eu-
rope. The neutras who had been Indifferent to the
war must be indifferent to its results as far as the
position of the begerents and the actual theatre
of the war are concerned. But the remndellinp of
Italy is matter in which all the great Powers are
alike interested, and the present Frussian Cabinet
is as little inclined the English one to suffer
forcible restoration of the Princes whose rule over
unwilling subjects would only lead to fresh compli-
cations. Either the decision of their future govern
ment must be left entirely to the Duchips them
selves, or as in 1878, Congress must be called to
regulate their affairs. There is a strong feeling
therefore, in favor of Congress, where the whole
situation should be freely discussed and resolutions
come to. altogether independently of the conve-
nience of the chief parties in the late war, except
ing so far as the cession Of Lombardy bv Austria is
concerned. On this Prussia and Russia are thought
to be agreed. and there can be no doubt that Eng
land will take the same view. In that case it is
probable that Berlin will be chosen as the place of
meeting, though no doubt, London will be pro-
posed as the choice of capital for the seat of a
Congress is ALWAYS supposed to carry with it GER
tain degree of influence.
AFFAIRS IN ITALY.
The deputation appointed to present to the King
Of Sardinia the medal which had been struck by a
private society, in commemoration of the words
pronounced by his Majesty on his opening the ses-
sion of the Piedmontese Parliament on the 10th of
January last, had the honor of an audience on the
10Th. Count Mamiani, President of the committee
reminded his Majesty of the memorable words
owe not insensible to the cry of grief which we
hear from every part of Italy" His Majesty re-
piled as follows:
'I thank you for your beautiful present Ever
since il has been in nv power | have consecrated
my efforts to the great national cause. | have it
constantly before my mind live for it. and am
ready to die for it. Difficulties and misfortunes
arise which must be surmounted, they certainly
will, for | have witnessed the courage and disci-
pline of which the Italians are capable
Under present circumstances it has been impos-
sible to go further, as | might have wished. In
the midst of past sorrows, have found great con-
ISOLATION at seeing that the Italians have understood
and have not entertained a doubt concerning me-
The masses, blinded by excessive enthusiasm are
sometimes led astray. | might have pardone d
such false steps, but repeat that | hava nothing
to reproach them with. 1t seems incredible that
some countries that unfavorabe to us do not or
will not believe there is nothing obscure or nsidi-
GUS in my policy. Frankness and straightforward
ness are its companions. Perhaps it is the going
straight to the object in view that creates displea
sure. The Italian question is very clear, and it is
no doubt on that account that they will not under
stand it, The union perfect order and wisdom
which the people of Tuscany, the Duchies and the
Romagna now display admirable. | certainly
did not think that Italy was incapable of acting So
still the spectacle OF such an attitude affords me
great pleasure. Have, therefore, faith in me- gen.
tlemen, and be assured that as well as in fu-
ture, | shall do everything in my power to pro-
mote the welfare of italy,"
CONDITION OF AFFAIRS IN vEYETrA
Letters from the Venetian provinces are occupied
with details of the tyranny and rapacity of the
Ausrians. Violent possession had been taken of all
the meadOw-lands situate between Pordennte Sa-
cile and Fontanafredda in order to furnish pasture
for 5000 head of cattle recently imported from
Hungary. Pickets of horse and foot according to
the same authOrity-are stationed on the spot in
order to prevent the removal by the country peo
pie of any portion of the hay crop. Wagons CON
tanning part OF the produce have been forcbly un-
loaded; the remainder, which had not been carted
still lies upon the ground. One of these letters
adds: at is easy to conceive the despair OF the
villagers seeing themselves at stroke deprived
of so indispensable element of agriculture I'm
less some special Intervention of Providence take
place, we ruined All Friuli is dreading the re-
appearance of the Hungarian typhus-a terrible
disease-which on former occasions committed such
ravages among our herds. These fears are increased
by the fact that the. government has called the at
tenton of the municipal authorities to the subject
urging the strictest vigilance"
A remarkable address has been presented to the
representatives of the Powers in Lombardv, on be-
half of the liberty of Venice 1t is signed bv Pros
pern Antonini, former member of the Depart
mental Council of Udine; IZanesani, author of the
''Capitulation of the Austrans at Venice, March
%, 1885," Giovanni Bnnollo, former President of
the Departmental Council of Ticenza, and number
of other well known men, whose titles are appealed
to in the address as evidence off expressing the
the community. The address states that the hopes
awakened by the war were peculiarly strong among
the Venetians since their rights, according to the
strict Interpretation of diplomacy were ucontesta-
bic, and that the contingent which the Venetian
provinces furnished to the allied army being COM
posed of members of all classes of society was to be
regarded as body of armed deputies, represent
ing the entire country. Sooner later the pa
tonai desire for independence thus manifest would
drive the Austrians from the country. Yet the
cOnduct of the Government has cbanua6 Sip
the peace.
The prisons of Josephstadt inclose peaceable in
habitants of Venetia, men dear to the nation by
their character and talents who have been shut up
without trial, and with the official remark that they
have not disturbed public order, but that the pos
sbty of their doing so rendered their imprisun-
useful for themselves and desirable for their
friends. Was it not to be expected that after the
treaty of ViIlatranca they should be restored to
their bereaved families? However, they are still
there; the slowness OF diplomacy prevents the move
ments of humanity and Justice, well as the slight
appearance of the guarantees which are ostensi-
bly, promised. This rigorous economy in the SEM
blance of clemencyis it not defiance of the sym-
pathies of the country and of Europa return to
less chivalrous manners at time when mankind
prides itself on its genteness?'' Even supposing
Austrian dominion over Venice should be reduced
to the narrowest limits, supposing a prince of the
Imperial family should be placed on the throne
without soldiers officials of his own nation is it
believed that such course would satisfy Venetia,
Europe, or even Austria herself? Would the
guardianship of the Alps be willingly left for an
Austrian prince?
If he could be supposed promptly denationalized
by his new title, and all at once Italian at heart
can it be pretended that in moment of war that
confidence would not break down either On the
side of the nation on the side of the Powers p
And even in ordinary times how great would be the
embarrassment OF man having the air of obeying
the will of the people whom he called to govern;