The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-08-06
THE CONDl TONS OF THE TREATY OF PEACE.

lS4S-FrAnce
Vienna. WIN.
The terms of the treaty OF peace concluded at ,niA
franco have surprised mos. people All 81 ~. ad
events surpr,e people All the Italis1 s's's arc
% IN. .tn,v ,,u ant. blum except Lomoaruy' au p
ho,. p.,m. which Austrs transfers TO FRANCE W W W
hsr handed over 10 Peimonh bu' us W '"e is~-- w.
federecy-dd that proposition CONS ioH.
from AustraY That point is rot yes Gle" !" US ou'
20 dessrvipg OF special remark, 'hN ever snoo Aoio
Ausria has been particularly anxious 70 esaohsn eAa'uy
roh sa,e of things AT that time Austria was endea
,, IN obtain from Piedmont the province OF the Upper
s and also pressed the Cabinet Of Turin, as well ~
q. The other Italian States to enter into confederacy
similar to the Germanc Confederation and England ad
ysed Piedmont sccede to the proposition, If IL were
only to insure the safety OF her coveted province. But
Piedmont resisted
Isl fact now that Austria secs in that realization Of
one Of Metternchs plans compensation for her tempo
rary Lombardy and the Of not only getting
that kingdom back but also Of acquiring Sardinia that
the motive Of AUSTRIA appears not very improbable
then indeed, the blood and which France and
Italy have avishy shed in the late have been shed
than uselessy In every point OF view, Is most
fact that the only condition which appeared TO
favorable to the Italians this treaty 10 tbs
which has been long the darling project Of Austria
In a work entitled "Rome It's Ruler and its In,titu.
TONS from the pen Of the Hon. John Francis Mcguire,
member Of the British Parliament published years
ago. the following remarkable passage in reference to an
italian confederation, occurs After describing the
orabe Of ls48-the year Of revoutions-and the
evacuation Of Milan by the Aussrans, the author
The Pope not insenube to the generous influence
of the hour and could more sincerely desire TO
witness the triumph oil laiau independence than be
did TO accomplish this great object he several e
forts, unfortunately in vain Nth Of combating The
different States into ndti0rldt league; but while
he met with q cordial concurrence in some instances, his
proposal was received with colinets aud jealoisy ia
others Naples Tuscany and other States catered w.h
aacrity into the Bcheme; but the SrdGisa goyernent
refused 10 sind deeeats to Rome, aud suggested Con-
grees in the North O, layA proposition cacuaiei to
overcome the natural soprehenscns entertained by the
governments Of The soath Of tina ambitious views of
und-r the Presidency Of the Ps, been carried into effect
Uoud, ia all human probability haze .ctsd the free
dom Of Italy and ,cl,ls saving Rome from n. macsina
tions Of anarchists hap consolidated the reforms granted
to the Pdpal States"
The famous Joseph de Masre at that tiose Sandman
Minister to st. Petersburg thus wrote in regard to the
position for an Austrian league
is clear that Austria to take every thing in Italy
for herren her princes and is right that the Kiog
should defend his right Italian prince He could not
accept the Italian league 'oithom being exposed to Craze
danger. The distinctions drawn by Austria a mere
snare she whose territory extends acroes Lombardy TO
the Russian frontiers what liberty would she leave to an
princes W0uld be bu. raSsals Of Austria aud would
disappear altogether Tue King Of Sardinia is the first
that menaced and that very natural because since
has no enemy more constant and more powerful in Italy
than he.
ITALY CHANCES OF CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT.
Az TO the probability of Austria permitting the esta
bshnent OF the Representative principle Italy may
judge by the nvarsble declarations Of on that
head; "rhe representative system" said he in despatch
in 1922, with its Institutions which q necessary
pemen OF it, cannot and ought not to be established in
any State Of the Peninsula" To be sure Piedmont has
hem but n Ia az and
the result OF making Austria her deadest add most
dictve envy So sso at the time oil the Neapotan
vouton, Meternlch said TO the Sandman Minister, that
mus, be taken at the Nespotau Parliament would
proclaim constitution Ike the French hs King under
the inspiration of France, had suggested Count C4po
dstras day asked Metternich whether the Emperor
Of Austria would tolerate at Napss system that might
be somewhat sirolar TO the representative system aud
which would be acceptable to the King. His prompt
answer was, that the Emperor would sooner make war
upon the King of Naples.
The French "Apnuare' for 1850 in discussing the par
which France took under Louis Napoleon in overhrowing
the Roman republic said- France up arms to drive
from Rome Nazzni and his adherents, uas not that III.
old policy Of MeeTnieh should be established in their
stead. Her views In that respect very clearly
sketched out from the beginning Her embarrassment
was certainly great for the who directed her policy
understood perfectly how difficult &as to reconcile two
principles opposite spiritual government founded
tradition and authority which admitted of no
discussion and aca government based idea of re
sponsbiiy and freedom Of speech. Tne French diplomacy
was not ignorant Of any OF the difficulties which had 10
overcome, in order TO promote constitutional ideas Rome
but placed by the spirit which represented Europe
under the necessity Of uphodng the constitutional rg,
conrsncd that the erils, accunud.ed through preceding
administrations in Le Roman Sa.ss, required liberal re-
forms, and believing hat there eti danger in
postponng for too long time the granting of paramel
tary institutions than there ID granting them en-.
deauOrd, # not % induce the Pope TO re.eoJsh the coast
tuition Of March, 1s4S, at ealt 10 dcclona him TO the idea OF
falling back or ii, saoner or later
LOUIS NAPoLEoNs LETTER ON THE PAPACy
While the Holy Father preparing 20 return 10 the
Vatican the commission OF three Cardinals 70 whom had
been confined the government of The Pont6csl States
and who received the Nickname of the red
showed themselves too much dspoze1 10 make reprsas
on the democratic party, and to make absos Still more
odoun Tas in refereDcs 10 their conduct that Louis
Nspoleon--then President or The Ffenoh republic
wrote his since famou. letter to Edgar Ney one of
his alder de csmp, in which he said--"I au PANIED
to lean that tho benevolent intentions OF the aoly
Fa!nes, as well as oar acton remain frultIess
IN preeeoce OF passions aud hostile influences They
"oNo N'sn TO make prescription and tyranny the
bss o. the Popes return. SAP for me to General Roo
ian ne commander Of The French army tina. he mus,
not permit any aci TO b, committed under the shsdoy OF
the tcolor flag which would denauralze the character
oil our Intervention sum up the temporal po,osr of n.
Pope thus: gneral amnesty, cuarisati7n of The esin
ia'oton The code Ndpoleon, and LIBERAL gouernment"
The Pope grsnted an amnesty, excepting only the depa
Hes OF toe republic ard the military leaders, and proms
ed by proclamation, of 18th september lsi9 an admins
atve and Judicial reorganization That promise has not
yet been observed more than in form Now Is the n,e
for a real and genuine fulalment
TIE SANDMAN PROJECT FOR TIE ROMAN STATES.
At the Paris conferences in 1856 tho Sandman Commits
soners thus referred In note from Count Cavour TO the
representatives Of France and England To Napoleon let
ter to Edgar Ney;-rhe Emperor Napoleon Ill.,, said
they with that just ard strong perception which charac
terizes him, had perfectly understood and clearly indi
Gated in bis letter to Colonel Ney the soutsn OF the
Roman pr0bem--v.z secnlarzatlon and the code Ma