The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1859-07-21
Gov. Wise On shc Rights Of Natural.
taed Citizens.

Gov Wise on tho Rights Of Natural
tsed Citizens.
RICHMOND, June IL, 1859 10 Mar l..
iaysr. Esq. Absence has delayed my re-
ply TO yours Of the 10th inst.
have not time to elaborate an opinion
upon the letter Of Gen. Cas-, dated Wash
ington, May IL, 1859, addressed TO MIR. Fe.
liz lie Clere, Of Memphis. Tenn, saying TO
him, Your naturalization 10 this country
will no, exempt yoa from that claim THE
claim Of the French government TO military
service from oil natives Of France who may
be found within its jurisdiction) iii you
should voluntarily repair thither' Ito
France.)
| My opinion IL. that this confession by
our government, is Nh abandonment OF one
OF the most pecioss American doctrines
ever established by our parents for Tree
people, Aud regrei that u Democratic adj
mins.ration has endorsed 1t rs laid down by
its wing predecessor in the Department, Of
State, Mr.. Edward Everett, following the
authority OF Wheaton.
The United States first established the
right OF repatriation and the solemn ere
mony OF naturalization, investing foreigners
with citizenship, binding them to allegiance
and contracting 10 give them protection
whenever by oath and residence they should
become ms native born. The old ,lespotism
held 10 the maxim" Once citizen always
citizen" The new republic 81 up II new
refuge Of liberty, and asserted that birth and
nativity should not imi, the right Of man
| She established the naturalization " OF
those who choose TO expa,riate The mseves.
| IL was Tor this We declared the last war
with Great Britain. She claimed the righ,
TO seize her native citizens on board our
ships. This We fought TO resist. We said
that when her natives were once Daturaliyed
here they became Us i they were native born
That IL, in fact. the meaning Of naturaliza
ton. Well, as we would not permit Eng.
land 10 seize our native born. No we would
not permit her to seize the naturalized citi.
zens OF America, for the reason tina, na,u.
ralzation put them on the footing OF native
| born.
Again Mr.. Cass may say tina, he limits
the case 20 those who voluntarily 20 10
France and are natives Of that country
But he admits there, within her jurisdiction,
the claim to military service.
Now, military service IL political duty,
belonging wherever allegiance ia due aud
inasmuch as We swear by an oath the native
Of France naturalized here 10 reBOuncc allie
glance 10 that country, and 10 every prince
and potcntatc OF earth, the citizen Of France
naturalzed here, owes allegiance, by our
laws, to the United States, and has re.
bounced allegiance 10 France. She ought
10, TO claim all glance Of our citizens agains,
our laws. Again: The na,uraliseJ citizen
not oily renounces allegiance, by our law, 70
his native country, but by tbs same law we
adopt him rs one OF olI citizens % all in.
tents aud purposes, and We contrac, 10 give
him protection M We give IL 10 our native
born. Naturalization IL thus contract be.
tween subject and u sovereign allegiance
IL the consideration Of the one hand aud pro.
lection il the consideration on the other.
Yhe subject swears allegiance 10 the United
States, and the United States promise pro.
lection TO him. Thus. the laws Of every
country must prevail in lis own Jurisdiction.
But this IL tho law as 10 municipal and
criminal aad commercial relations, not ~ 10
political. A native or Daturalized citizen
Vi the United States, made the same by
their laws, may be 10 France and mus, oh.
serve the laws, and there--mnst pay, Tor
example, customs and duties or penalties for
crime there.
But neither the one no more than the 9TH
or is bound 10 do military duty there, be.
cause IL il political duty which relates to
the allegiance, and no, 20 residence or so
journment or travel in transitu. In word
the na,uralized may be compelled to DO and
observe whatever the native citizen may be
compelled 10 do and observe in France, bat
no more and 10 the United States haze
contracted with him And political mus,
be distinguished from other duties as 20
either class OF citizens.
The old World has never recognized these
American doctrines but they hre The true
American doctrines, and the United States
ia bound to afford protection in the case sup
posed by Mr.. Cars. lie IN but following
Mr.. Everett and Mr.. Everett followed
the European code. That code is
Numerically opposed 10 ours, and !
think both Mr.. Everett, and Mr. Cas-
wrong. Thy have the European code, and
] the United States laws for authority. | !
would protect our naturslized citizens
agaiDs, military service Of other Powers. TO |
the nt'erm1st cDds OF the earth.
llySKy A. WuE