Civilian & telegraph. [volume] (Cumberland, Md.) 1859-1875, 1859-09-08
WATER BURROWS.

After seeding be careful in finishing
off, to see that the water burrows are
properly laid out, and offer no impedi.
ment to perfect drainage, Throughout
the winter and early spring, examine
the condition of those frrrows every few
weeks, and remove all distractions.
SEEDING RYE.
Every farmer who desires to be well
ahead with his work, will SOW his Rye
some time between the middle of Aug
ust and the middle Of September. Ear
~ sown Rye has these manifest advan-
%rss: 1t is not so liable to be winter
killed it requires less seed, and as Che
groth will be much greater than that
Of Rye seeded later in the fall So if
the Rye is not sowu during Augustus
it certainly ought to be--push ahead at
once and get it into the ground at the
very earliest day that your preparations
are completed for sowing it. But under
no stress Of work, should Rye, or any
other crop, be put in the ground IN Il
slovcnly manner The time lost by de-
lay cannot be made up by undue haste
and careless seeding. If the soil is put
in Il best possible condition, the time,
even when the season is well advanced,
will not be lost. Between two evils,
late seeding and perfect filth is better
than early seeding with tho ground in
differently cultivated.
Mtaures. Five two-horse cart loads
of barn yard manure mixed with five
bushels of ashes, will produce, even Oh
ordinary soils, fair stand Of Rye, and
will certainly add considerably to the
produce Rye draws eagerly upon the
potash in a soil, and demand for the per-
feet growth of the straw Il fair supply Of
siicatcs. The following is good
Compost for Rye, TO two two-horsc
cart loads of barn yard manure, add in
alternate layers six two horse cart loads
of marsh or river mud, two bushels Of
ashes and one bushel bone duSs. Let
tho heap remain in bulk for three weeks;
then shovel over and mix intimately,
Five two-horse loads o: the above will
be found sufficient to broadcast an acre.
1t should be ploughed in lightly before
seeding should be well narrowed and
rolled.
Quantity Of .Scedpe cre.-Fron four
to six pecks should be seeded the lar
ger quantity in all cases to be preferred,
where tho soil is in good heart.
ORCHARDS.
There is infinitely less attention paid
to Orchards than there should tc Ev.
erybody knows the value of good fruit,
but few farmers take the pains to pro-
duce it in perfection Yet nothing is
easier than to so manage an Orchard as
to render it in an average of years, one
of the most profitable portions of the
farm. All fruit trees must be treated
literally to such manurcs as are best
adapted to their growth. They should
occasionally have dressing Of conf ost
and their bark should be scrapcd and
kept perfectly clean of moss and free oil
insects.
Wash for Fruit Trees, A gallon oil
soft soap, one pound Of the -four OF sui
phur, one quart of fine salt; stir these
latter ingredients into the soap, and ap,
ply with paint or whitewash brush,
Compost for the san,c. Five bushcl.
of lime, two loads of well rottcd manure
four loads of river or marsh mud OF
woods mould, two bushels of bone dust
five bushels Of refuse salt Turn the
above into a heap layer, and let it stand
three weeks to fermeut then shovel i,
well over, and apply it to the land
Plough it under, harrow and roll Til,
above will be found a sulicien. dressin .
for an acre.
frep rations for a Young Orchard
If you desire to plant out young Or
chard this fall, make all your arrange
inenis to do so as early as you posSibl J
can, Plough the land deep, runni !!
the plough twice in the same furrow o
clss follow with the subsoil plough
which is decidedly to be preferred. Hlr
row until fne filth is obtained. Chez
kcr off the lana both ways, at such dis
tances as you propose to plant your trees
dig the hole where the cross lines inter
sect one another, and let them be no
less than three feet wide and .hree fee
deceptive feet By three would be bette
still. Keep the top soil separate froH
the subsoil, and wien the time arrive
for planting, we will tell you how to d
it in the best manner. A few words c
canton with respect to the purchase G
trees. may save you world ofafter vex
ation. Don't buy them of the pedlars
but seek out reliable nurseryman, an
if you know but little Of fruits yourse
leave to him the selection of the mos
appropriate kinds. BY trusting him i
this respect, you put him upon his hor
or. aud with his reputation thus place
at stake, you may confidently rely upo
having good selection.