New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-10-28

until. in 1852 spd 1879, It averaged $32S,VoV' ID
the nean.irpe, the population he'd increased about
tsoihrds; and 20 res ular hsd been the increase
of tie home demand for food, that now, Jsr "s trr
time in TIC oour,,ys history, it, price ~as Wholly
unipHuenced BY the ell foreign markets- FROM
ls2s 70 1891 the price OF W. eat in Eoglind bad
been high, averaging 81 ~ per bushel. From ssat
period il fell resusIy, til four yearsister, it Sss
bu, 81 % D. r bushel IN EnglandaOd yet the price
of rIour in American ports was entirely unsGeet-
a, !, shown By these figures reported By our Treas
ury Department
IS As S.. 1887 800. g. 90
1888 s. 3d. ss5..-...$o Wy
Now. however. the dis sstrous Compromise Isr1
had begun to operate. The building oil mus ana
factories ceased. I~portsiicps OF foreign s'o"'
rapidly increased. The mechanic arts no Dnse'
saordipg employment to the growing poPaiAnon'
emigration to the Wes. grew fast, accompanied ~
epormou. speculation in the public landslide spec
ulstor going always 10 advance Of the poor settler
and printing at his expense. The Land revenue
rose from 81, 000,O 600 to $iiocO,0o. sod sben !"
s2l 600 600: after which for four successive years
il averaged 5000 600. In the short space OF SIX
year.. me re land was sold by the Government than
in all the forty years preceding. The consequences
were lust what might have been expected. whHe
the new farms we're being made by help OF iaor
diverted from the old ones, food was scarce and
h.h: but when they got ready to supply the mar
ket their owners found there Was no msrAet Ino
food demanding domestic commerce which Pro-
lection caused, had disappeared. Land assin hell
in price mortgages were foreclosed-and Jads-
ments fell on the West like sno~.storm. Driven
by LAWYERS and sherifs, tens OF thousands OF farm
srs were turned loose upon the world to begin
If. anew. In 1872 the Land revenue fell to little
more than single million Of dollars, from which
point it arose healthy, uadcr the Protective farm
of that year. until five years later 1t again reached
three millions. The discovery OF gold in tho VAL
deruew of Cahforoia made lingering demand for
manufactures, and while that iaated, the sales Of
IN, pubic lands we're small. In ls55and lo56, the
erection of workshops, FORCES, furnaces and mlh
having ,topped-the period Of our endurance Of
ro,s;sn Trade being full and the decade ofour ruin
h.v;,s .rriyed--the revenues from the Public Lands
attained an average Of ten mioos OF dollars. ITO
,b. added the sue the lands donated 10 Kali
road Companies the total amount would be ct lea"
| eey m;bons of dOars---twics what It vas rom
|
l. "a n 1870 These sales are an iodsI Of tho de-
..y of Ir,u,try. the exhaustion OF tho soil, tho
S;.,ar.ion of the people, and tho fast eliminating
.n,,r. u,cv Of the Traders and Transporteia ~
~. Public Land sales Of lslo were followed By
the agricultural ruin OF le2l, aud those Of led" ~
tho min Of lsil, so were those OF lsoS-o soho~ed
hv train of disasters under which tho business Of
Aha country still writhes in paralysis. The seessw
81 v,,ue, with which our dominant interests play,
il never endiDg They 60 up and then sney go
down. They noun. to pro6t-they fall ~ Ices.
The prces Of Labor the prices OF eseryt thing that
!. 0rown from the earth Of everything msde by
tho hands. now are high and now are low. Perpet
u.lly tossed between prosperity and sdverssy,
there i. An anxiety and haste in our whole life, most
unf,vor,ble TO civilization. Instability Is the dis
tnctiye mark of barbsrism. 1t 10 presented u %
bv the Treasury Records, a. the constant attend
ant mon that system which repudiates the idea Of
Prot. ction. The farmer requires this stability
more than any other member Of the community
bis investments being generally made . year or
more in advance. The trader buys flour ono day
and sells It the next But the farmer needs to de-
term;ne in the Autumn in what maaler he viii
appropriate bis land for year to come. II the
prise of wheat falls and that Of barley fises, hs can
m,ks no change. but the trader can-selling The
one on the nrst appearance OF DOWNWARD tenden-
cy. and buying the other on the appearance Of a
unxard tendency. The sbillful trader desires
change. and the more frequent its recurrence, tho
mo,e numerous are his chances Of becoming rich.
But instability is runous 10 the farmer and tho
p.nter. The interests Of the two arc widely
spartand yet the agricuturiss Of this whole eosn-
try s,Apd almost unitedly before the world - the
advocates Of trade, particularly the foreign tzsds
and as the opponents Of that benedcent policy
which would bring the markets to the farms, and
emancipate land from the tar Of transportation.
The cotton and wooden manufacturer, the coal mi
per the iron maker, and all Others engaged 10 tho
work Of production, are like tho farIaer, IN that
thew iced stability and regularity. Stcadiness OF
the circulation Of labor and It's piodocts Increases
their ability 10 add 10 the machinery required for
their operations. That having been obtained, they
are enabled, in each successive year ~ prohs by
the experience OF the past and TO give TO the far
mer constantly increasing quantity Of cloth ia eI-
change for constantly diuiihishiog quantity Of
food and wool-the prices OF the two tsndins
steadily and regularly to approach each other
That stability, and that regularity Of circulation,
have. however, been 10 the people Of tho United
States things entirely unknown. At times, - In
the two periods ending in 1886 and 1o47, II has
been approached: but Ia every cue it has proved
only lure for inducing men Of skill and enterprise
IN waste tier fortunes and their time and thar
| x.,a q, . vain effort 10 advance the interests of