, 1859-11-08
DrtsS 4 Trihtttte.
THE GREAT EA&TERy.
Shs F4tls ia Esfa&Tfsh .S-eso Prfs efpffs o
EeoaoMy.--Er<af EAsttrn and Collin
axd other Shtps Compared.
~. 7. Times Cosrespontence.l


Lo.pos, Tuesday, Oct ls. 1sa.
My letters about the Great Eastern's tsial trip,
l feaf, have been TOO technical in their cri!i-
clams and conclusions to be popular1y interest
ing.-a pardonable error, hope, in q matter
allnoss wholly scientific.
would now simply submit, rs q revieW OF
the Thole 70, matter. few plain reasons WY The
new and momcntous facts in thesphi1osophy Of
Ocean Navigation.
The cost Of locomotion depends upon Two
principal conditions. FIrst-The amount Of
power required: or. IN nther words, the ease
with whlcl the vessel moves, depending upon
the shape of the hull itself. aad upon The speed.
The measure, or rather the name Of this condi.
ton, Ii horsepower. Sscoud-The economical
generation and application Of that powez,-that
is to say, the construction Of the boilers, en-
gines, and propellers Tie measure OF this con-
dition is the number Of pounds OF coal per hour
necessary to maintain each horsepower. Thus
the speed and other causes Of resistance to the
ship are expressed in horse-powers. while the
economy for each Of these horse-poWera is e1-
pressed In pounds Of fuel.
F1ret. then. how much horsepower does the
Great Eastern require ut various speeds? The
trial trip proved that 1t IL knots this could not
hare been far frcm 1900. The speed during
this e1ertlon Of power was l4a knots, but the
sails are known to be accountable Tor at least
threefourt liz Of knot Now the Persia, the
Collins SHIPS and al vessels Of their class, use
5000 horse power for the same speed Of Il knots.
The midship aection, ii. c. the end area the ship
would present TO the water If sawed IN two IN
the widest part the section ct tue Ggeat Lust
ern was nt the time nut less than 900 square
feet, which gives lit.le over four horse power
per foot Of section. Tie Persia having about
Il times less area. las little less than 1t times
less horsepower, or little less than four horse
power rer foot Of section. So the size Of the
Great Eastern does not diminish this Ietnorse-
less call for porkr-not pound. No matter
how large or how small the scales, the power
required is exactly in proportion to the section.
tue shape, or tile angles and curves Of the
hull being the same. This is too general
rule to require further illustration; But
the shape-there is the Grent Eastern'e adEan-
tage,'' says tue enthusiast. Her shape IL very
ike that Of the Persia; the Great Eastern is 8!
lengths iu breadth, the Persia 8 lengths In
breadth. The lines Of the Great Eastern, how
erer, ure the best, and will give her fractional
advantage. There are boats on the Channel Of
exactly the same shape Of the Great Eastern.
and one-fourth her size, built By Scott Russell.
At Epeed Of IA knot, their Irrespective consump-
ton Of coa is very nearly in proportion to their
ureas. And there haye been sharper vessels
than the Great Eastern, SO that she does not re-
present the most advanced practice.
Secopdly-Does the Great Eastern show any
improvement in the other condition Of economy
n .ns T,; ~. ~ .us! ~, ino p.s,;na - sra;no
poSS hc;,ar snng..s,..;on ,r;tho,, rafarence tn
.I Iua h uo.!sa eJa Ian,1.r, r rannrad ~ ~ ,hc
hs r. eai tte s;n,,,io 9aet ,h,t ,s,a er.
| siues Of other steamers have run with u less
| humber oi pounds Of coal per horsepower per
hour, settles this question also, and proves that
."e S.e:t su't a' 1s*Esek - ~ -. H. ~.
~ 1n's i1G e;in r..t." sa ~ ~ ia ~ II
.s,a a -. - na.,i.. ns ,,ss .scsrts;ned sht
a,aaa nns au' a,t 5 u ~ n"nnds nar honr ne,
onsaea -. rh;.h Il. 1aes tssn ta ,rerara r. n
Mnien LES enaa aue .,a, ~ Il ~
~. aI;a;,~ aeaaon,;csi sh;,s and r ia r.,
,a'4 sps5 - Esa, 1I'. - 49, co1,.n"-
:"sns4, l.ataa ~ iaao.',t;-a x1s.4;ea
~ ~ .uo ton,- nnn:ij"rod s-oria ai,owanca !,
- pounus oe"s 's' a4''p'' o''' q
In.sM -. ",s. croo+ Eos,.-n :. On Inn, a,d :,
H., .ne e. sthes ~, 81 s;a ; -r,n ~ :.
LUIS "lai. anu .me u'h tua1 ~ -. ~ - ~
more economaea.y q! nisn spsea ~; +;as .Io ps
| hc.eis :" 1"eA ss' tI.u y. - 49,. - =
ano s:iensc. "oau y. -. =. I;I ,.;,sa,,
sue WIZ ae'e. 4un - - ~ opseue a."4:n
ooA. ..axr r. H. .n,, INV n,nla nnfv ,hrer
touf'hs OF tae pressure lsquneu ~ ttsS . aua
!nree'loullns " ncl .n.enusu uu"pet "a ~ 49,.
ln.iens, Mi.n - tnnts 49, h..6r i.ss ta.,, ~
coal PgI oay, 40 Ahota ~ LIZ aas
peaieo Pansasa w 'ne ~ 1 NY ~;
ahce' e'oee sne oufns oo. 1ons , w. =. a.s, ~ ~
nGpe ,p;a as' &C e sl erta i H. ponr1S % sumo
lt'a' 1,'p' ~ ~. essn. . ~ popa'a.3 aupr1 ~
sea sae WI, % nus 1ha %ta-a ~. u'S suas", v ;v
IONS a. 10 m''es. III .i;a,o s an,nI. u.
pseseiou 4uat a.a ,tn aP P. .i,o,, ei,r no,
khots or 70 Mote ~ 'ns nonl' Tneh nh1 ~
*tarsea. ihis II .asa n's.ase . t ~ ~ ~
speed Of snip requires not n,u,t
!'e Po"ef-te' 'ue'; Iaa sns s.aG ~ uona
increase Is necessary 'ot saca aau'oa ~ spee'
ihn mere tAeoss' a''a W. WV rs rs's's go. ~
say tue enthasiusue. hct Us gee. lncse ci aL sau
little channel poats 1e'e7teo 10 apo'e, iIs lno'
els 81 Luz GFeae EASTERN !.ne Et9"s auu u;eP
"n the Ne"haeeh anu u'epPe 'ce( lequ'sc
actual measurement, - tons .. eoal ana =.
knots, u tons ior u kno1s apa ~ tons ,or u
knots. anu asan 1ae eo''ns ., stssm.ts ~ a.'
3,Na' IONS require vi IONS % ega. ios sps.
OF II knoss aa hour, n".a lot - And's h aua TX !!