The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-07-19
NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, JULY 19, 1859.

abstain from any extension of that power, because by
dong ~ We shal involve ourselves In h0stities NOW,
SIss Sss Leave IN ms drss place 70 ssy taAs any 90
view Of aggression, but Of ae'euce (hear hesr lshs
coy nothing whatever IN any party spirit for party can
(cheers) shall eodeavor simply as can TO point out
tbos~ circumstances and those topics which l tank are
ofisn tor the consideration Of your ordships leaving
il TO Others who more acquainted with military and
naval details than pretend 70 be to I'LL up and sup
ply the defects In the statement which shall make 70
nserins this subject IN the great difference between
our present and former position (Hear hsar.) That
is ostrcto which ought never TO DO lost sight
Of. We have hitherto felt the greatest confidence
in situation and In domestic safety. We
owe that 10 our naval superortyto the supe
number OF vessels and the skill and gaanry
our seamen We have been accustomed always 70 hook
what call our wooden walls our best defence and
experience jushes US 10 that opinion. We have some
tin indeed received checks afr0ns. The Dutch
time sailed up the Thames, burnt ships the
Meowsy ana in the river. At much later period the
the waeis OF ymouth under the heights Of Mount Edge
oGnbe But those clouds soon passed away. They
amply avenged and We shone out with more distinguished
usre than before. My LORDS, there
confidence and safety, and immatera one
nNmey, the difficulty Of transporting any body Of
troops nom the opposite coss,s 70 our own shores.
10 opposite coast without beng observed by US,
ADO without giving us notice and allowing US time 70
prepare ourselves aganst them Besides, an expedi.
ton OF that kind was necessarily liable 10 many casual.
ee Any Joint operation therefore from different points
or b. s
ncient noeed, 10 give trouble, but not sufficient
sDy fear OF danger The greatest force that
landed here tDat of the Pm Of Orange amounting
to,pK to about 14,Co0 5000 men, But that force
invhed To this by OF the most eminent
il England II received with enthusiasm by the
people IL led to catastrophe, and James H. retired
the victim Of bis own bgo'ry, Jolly and tyranny But
that expedition was very nearly defeated by accident
1t sailed down The Channel with far wind. When 1t
arrived opposite Tor bay q dense fog arose. It
passed therefore the place where 1t intended dsem
bark 1t was followed by the English feet there
fore in the greatest PERIL but sudden the fog dis
peIseo The wind veered round drove the Dutch fleet
10 bay and checked the progress of the English fleet
EDelsh feet shorty after wards was dispersed in
/ mention this TO snow the accidents to which,
under old system eprses OF this kind were sub
Ject. This pact suatona situation OF perfect
security What is II now2 great change has occurred
1hat change arises from the application Of stsana pcto 10
cioI na,9at7s and 10 naval warfare. What do
have had 10 extersDce OF it, No per son to
predict what viii be US effect have suited many of
hcers both OF the army and of the the subject
and have never been able TO myself that
with any degree cay what will be the result
of this great change. have the work OF
Sir Howard Douglas that military officers in France beiepe
that hls change has great egect upon napaI po,oT
and Diu reduce 10 comparative Iip@tance. There
one advantage which hitherto have had in naval
bat over our adversars under the old system-the skill
ahd experience Oh our seaDen ana tier knowledge OF
everytb connected with the management OF vessel
(BeAr Unfortunately though We have not entirely lost
that has greatly eseened under the sys
tenn There Is change IN the armamente in the mate
riss in the constitution, and in the form Of war
sells great facility Of boarding arises out Of the
system, and pumbers therefore, would have a great
advantage. Above all, the system OF mRnmuvring
which must follow this new system is such that 1t
is doubtful what would be the issue OF naval con-
test (Hear near have stated these points for your
consideration, because you will be satisfied when you
rely with perfect confidence upon naval defences
(Hear bear) Still, however and perhaps more 30 In
Of what have stated becomes
connected with to the highest point OF efficiency, and
that should refuse no sums for that purpose
Cbees) Let me now, my lords, cali attention to what
is the actual state of navy will begin by referring
TO last year speak Of the spring of last year. and Of
10 consider. (Hear, hear Last year were in this
position France exceeded US in line of battle sbips
small proportion but she exceeded pro
line OF battle ships considerably, but still greatly
interior in those important veesels steam frlgates.
s more IN l,nso Saa ships, b.. ' sse shall pa still u" Be-
inferior to her in steam trigates. This Ii point for
the consideration Of your lordships, and for the
my lords, to mention one circumstance which I think
most material Tor our consideration when consd
eripg the subject Of naval warfare. You will make
great mistake you suppose that the rels
tive power depends entirely on the number size or
force Of the vessel. more-I will not say much
important but very important power consists in trained
crews OF vesses (Hear hear The French for several
years have had system Of raining Of most perfect
bncuaDirg in the conduct Of the vessel and training
not only in the conduct of the vessel but in gunnery
1he moment French ship is ojtoat that moment they
rare na,nea men ready 70 60 on beard the vessel
ave not such system that TO which have referred
sys!em Of the utmost Importance, but which in this
country hitherto has been almost entirely neglected
Hear, hear) Now, with respect to force What is re-
CURED, first, in the Channel? We require not only q
orce for warfare equal France, but require
hing more We require powerful reserve. (aear,
hesr) France requires reserve. The reason is
this, and beg your ordshps TO mark it, If in combat
Of the ttco fleets the English fleet should be rctorios ace haze
nopocer # landing ach any effect upon the French coat;
achreds, ace hare and fleet destroyed in
con- h the French fleet, 'Oe are entirely at the mercy of
the enemy. We have lately what France effect
Suppose the English fleet defeated and driven the
Channel the events which have passed amsst under
eyes within the last few weeks the great peril to
ty with which q military force to an immense amount
might at once be landed on shores. But it is su
cent for us to have Channel fleet capable of coping with
the country directly opposite to Our Channel fleet
must certainly and necessarily be OF amount sufficient
10 Ggdi, t1oo I0acers Chich may be united against
(ear, hear) We knoao full aosu that at this moment
The Russians horereren on eight line steamers faed for
If by any accident or by any event. which might easily
occur, we should be engaged in dispute with
France and with Russia, should be in very
unfortunate situation we had naval force sufficient
to combat both those Powers. ear, hear) Our naval
10 security. The naval power OF France defen
sye-not necessarily 30. aggressive in its character
(Hear Then, say, with respect to the amount OF the
Channel feet if we wish to be state Of security, If
wish TO maintain great interests If wish 10 maotan
measured by that Of any two possible adversaries.
Cteers II Ia not very easy to ray beforehand what
that power should be, but must watch events and
extend our naval power according to the necessity
Of the case, and whatever necessity requires,
whatever the expense, we must submit TO incur
that expense (Cheers) The Channel fleet is only
part of the force necessary We must have fleet suf
Gent TO command the Mediterranean. TSwe haze not
fret sufficient to command the Meditrranedn every of
on9holds ,riu evitaJly fall into the possession Of
France Not onlywouLd that be the case but the desire and
The uish Of the t,st Emperor to conrert the Mediterranean
into French lake iocud at once beealisd (Hear, hear
Do lordshps suppose that that idea abandoned
Far from it, Irtcolect very we'll that when the present
Emperor-of whom wish TO speak in terms Of respect
made his touhern tour and when he, arrived at Bor
deaux, teclar ed that sthe empire 10 peace''t reco
lect that progress, when at Marseles and about TO
proceed from MarseDes To Touon fleet of war ships,
reference was made TO this desire Of Bonaparte Was
repudntedl wds adopted by the present Emperor amid
The enthusiastic cheers of the audience assembled that
sio (Hear hear) But allow me 70 say, with respect 10
feet necessary for commanding the Mediterranean, If
France has the command Of the Mediterranean what s
the inevitable consequence? She will be able to
leave and return 10 the Mediterranean at her pleasure
She Will be able TO take Channel fleet In flank ut
moment. She will be able to unite her Mediterranean