New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-10-08

are large indeed.
-CaIforris-though very little of her soil pro
duces good crops Of Indian Corn, owing to the
GOODNESS of her Summer nights and the want of
seasonable rains-now grows her own bread, and
may easily grow far more. Estimating her popu-
lstion at Half Million, her last years crop eI-
ceeded seven bushels per head, which is an ample
allowance; and this years crop is still better, with
larger area soUn.
But, while only 756,734 acres in all Of the soil of
this State we're cultivated last year (Which still
shows an Increase On any former year,, there were
1,I59, SIS acres Of inciosed land-with Of course
much larger area of unincloeed-devoted TO graz
ing. Cattle growing was the chief employne of
the CalforniaDs Of other days, aud cattle-growns,
next after mining is the chief business OF the Cali
fornisns Of 1859 There are comparatively few
farms yet established, while ranches abound on
every ride. A corral, into which to drive his wild
herd when use or security is in question, and field
or two in which to pasture bis mich cows and
working cattle, are often all of the rancho that is
inclosed; the herd is simply branded with the
owners mark and turned out TO range where they
will, being looked otter occasionally by mounted
ranct.,o. whose horse is trained to dexterity in
running among or around them. Stables for horses
| have seen; but such thing as an honest,
straight-out barn has not blessed my eyes ia
connection with any farm since / left civil
lied KaDsas-if even there A Californian would
as soon think of cutting hay for the susteDauce of
bis family as for that Of bis herd In fact Winter
is, after Spring his csttle's best season-that in
which they can best take care of themselves with
regard to food. From August to November is
their hardest time But the heritage which rem
dered the hills and plains one vast flower garden in
Spring it, though dead and dry as finder, still nu-
tIitious; its myriad flowers have given place to
seeds which have the qualities of grain; and, If
the range be broad enough, cattle which have
naught to do but forage contrive TO exc
out pretty fair living. But it were alb
surd TO suppose that single crop of dead
heritage can afford, acre for acre, equal Dourrsh-
ment with the constantly renewed grasses OF an
Eastern pasture; and many herds suffer from want
of consideration of this fact AS ranches are multi
Piled and herds increased, change of system be-
comes inevitable. The cattle-grOwer must fence OF
portion ofhis range and SOW it to Indian Corn, to
Sorghum, to Turnips, Beets and Carrots, where
with to supply the deficiency of his Summer and
FAN feed. Then be can keep much larger herd
than is now profitable if possible, and msy double
bis annual product of Cheese or Batter Atpreseut
Iudge this product to be smser per co or per acre
in California than in almost any other State except
what is made in the high valleys OF the Sierra
Nevada
Fruit, however is destined to be the ulsimate
glory of California. Nowhere else on earth is it
produced so readily or so bountfally. Such Pears,
Peaches, Aprcots Nectarines, &c, as load the
trees of this valley, and of nearly every valley In
the State which has had any chance to produce
them, would stagger the faith Of nine-tenhs of my
readers. Peach trees only six years set, which
have borne four large burdens of fruit while grow
ing luxuriantly each year, are quite common Ap-
pletrees but three years set, yet showing at least
a bushel large, fair fruit, are abundant. have
seen Peachtrees four or five years from the States
which have all the fruit they can sagger under yet
have grown three feet Of new wood over this load
during the current season. Dwarf Pears, just
stuck into the black loan, and nowise fer
tilted or cultivated, but covered with
| fruit the year after they we're set, and
thenceforwsrd bearing larger and larger yields
with each succeeding Summer, are seen in almost
every tolerably cared-for Fruitpatch ] cannot
discover an instance in which any fruttree, having
borne largely one year, consuts its dignity or its
ease by standing still or growing wood only the
next year, as is common our way. l have seen
| Ar hlPt ly
with fruit that am sure the plums would far out
weigh the trees, leaves aud all. And not one
| borer, curculio caterpillar, apple worm, or other
nuisance of that large and undelghtful family,
appears 10 be known in all this region Under q
hundred fruittrees you'W not see one bulb which
has prematurely faen-s victim TO this destructive
brood.
OF Grapes, it is hardly yet time to speak so
sanguinely as many do; for years will be required
TO render certain their exemption from the dis
eases and the devastators known to other lands OF
the vne But il is certain that some kinds Of Grapes
have been grown around the old Jesuit Missions
for generations, with little care and much success;
and it does not appear that the more delicate va
retes recently introduced are less thrifty or more
subject to attack than their Spanish predecessors,
and Vineyards are being multiplied and expanded
in almost every farming neiehborhOod; single vines
and patches of choice varieties are shooting up in
almost every garden throughout the Mining region,
and there can be little doubt that California is al
ready better supplied with the grape than any other
State of the Union That she is destined soon to
become largely and proftably engaged in the man
nfsctnre and exportation of Wine is current be-