The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-03-16

failed 70 remind his Imperial brother al st. Petersburg
chat long age twenty years. 1929 secret
tomnNtee Of GAcan D0tables visited 81 Petersburg for
the psrpose Of proposing Rebellion and ASKING the a.
sistApce Of the Car and that although Nicholas ostens
bly, repused shem each OF the deputaon received from
hR hands the decoration Of st. Anne.
To this recen. appalling and s. apparently unchanged
condition Of things In the East add Lombardo-
Venetian disease, and the deeply embarrassed financial
state Of Austria whose fiscal mismanagement for
half century, had been wonder and problem TO the
Teft Of Europe and Is easy understand that sanguue
hopes might be excited the minds OF Alexander H. and
Napoleon III. of olerable irpuDy in their schemes OF
territorial pnnder; and would have been forgotten
that the army Of Austria mainly drawn from the very
parts Of s provinces which are repused most dis oya,
and that, while year Of war might render the Empire
bankrupt IL money, ess than that period would possibly
pufe ~ reduce ber to than bankruptcy ia troops
be well 10 say, in this connection, that while in
lsA'55, such boisteIous outcres Of indignation were
heard from 81. Petersburg against Austrian in
gratitude, while there vas no Inn, TO the coarseness OF
abuee bestowed upon Francis Joseph by the press OF
England aud France because he nd not invade Poland all
the leading OF the three Powers known
TO bsve admired a. heart while they affected Indignation
swerved from would have been act Of dynastc sui
eide. As early as April, 1885, consteraoie number
speakers Of all partie in the British Parliament began e.
the accusations which had been made against
the Court OF Vienna. Lord John Russell, Lord Henry
Vane, Sir Edward Buwer Iytton and Others followed
each other defence of s upon the evening;
and Sir James Graham stated, with reference the then
pending negotiations: Austria stands, as it were, mar
sbmOs between the two raging Of Russian ag
eresson the side, and the military pride aud ambi
lion Of the Western Powers upon the other difficult
position in which peace her policy and Interest," And
frequent remark of the very English and French
papers which most loudly invoked Austrian aid a. that
time, that las had been stated from Berln) battle
gained by Russia the Polish boundary would only
open he road for the armies Of the Gar 20 the heart Of
Germany, but would the Aus;roScsvonc provinces
to fall into his hands without blow.
There is 100 strong 10 fear-ahough the future
alone verify the surmise-that, influenced by
such calculations as the above, Turkey and its des-
tiny assumed, in the councils Of France and Russia,
secondary position after the demise OF Nicholas and that
the pledged operation Of the former In Remembering
Austria ecOnced the latter 10 the sacrifices which
the Back Sea the Pruth. II may be- assumed,
however, as beyond doubt, that no treaty with such
object IN view, ever negotiated between Russia,
France and Sardinia or, negotiated that its provisions
would in manner be evaded, unless those Powers
unatersby persuaded that internal change could
y important 70 have strengthened, much less rendered
impregnsble, her position The external obstacle TO
Austrian dsneraherment, VIZ that placed as sho s al
the barrie between civilization and bar barsm, her fall
TO lower rank than she holds would forever destroy
the balance Of power Europe and sweep away the
bulwark against Russian aggrandizement scarcely
be taken consideration. England has become Of
late years weak and subservient the diplomacy of
Europe and Pruss 80 fallen and unreliable, that years
might elapse-tme enough for 1t TO become too late to
apply medybefoTe they could be aroused 10 su1-
ceDt senfe OF self bring them back TO the
century. Unless, therefore, there is something de-
fectiye in the apparent mathematical certainty Of
the bafs upon which the plans Of the Courts
OF St. Petersburg, Paris and Turln supposed
70 have been formed unless Austria possesses elements
power which they do not take INTO accoont unless the
WEAKNESS OF years ago has, somehow hardened into
strength unless the grades of discomfort and dis
loyalty have within decade been replaced by such
thasastc devotion characterized the Of all
toDalities under the old Empire; unless IN word,
hOseess but mighty revolution has made the OF
1859 the opposite Of the Austria Of S4S, neither her
ARMIES nor her pas. gories nor the injustice of her I'D
verfarce prevent her being reduced third rata
Power among the nations OF Europe.
The changes public feeling which have taken place
Austria the hrst French revolution only be
roughly appreciated by those who have closely studied
the consequences TO Eastern and Central Europe OF that
stem called ephinm which was introduced into the
Empire by Joseph L. between the years 1880 and 1885,
The two leading ideas OF ha: i'll starred Prince when
oyipg, dictated for his ep.aph Here lies Joseph H. who
eye make Catholic hierarchy AMI clergy an impe
rIa police ana aa ir". c6IntnuIcaton with Rome, and
Instructed by KAiserlch Ko. nglen professors in a
kAserilcn koenlstche theology thiefay by Imperial
professors mper a tneoogy and second, 70 esab
s unifof FATTY Of laws and customs among the
heie rogeDeoas nations which he governed. Joseph II
vainy suove in last hoais repair the errors when
he already sprDgng from this unnatural petrif
cation Of the bodies and sous Of his SUBJECTS and bu
for the coDvusons which Immediately after his death
shook ihe very foundations Of Europe the laws which
took his mus; pave been almost Immediately repeal
ed AS IL was, the os: noxi0us Of them remained 10
bring forth btler fru and continued in force until iS4e
In fact previous TO the epoch which closed with the
TO tue ihrune, on tne 20 December 1o4s Of Francis
Joseph L. tie Austrian government had been slowly, but
surely eipkng, tor seventy years. into nbe
ciy aud state Of vassaage 20 Rassa caioos and
coptemptole than the: OF Turkey itself In Hungary the
enthusiasm VII ca century before mad eAcited from ths
Magna'es Of that KING ION the cry ID beha OF Maria The
Of Morem pro Rege noro had been FILTERED away
By petty tanperngs with traditional priveges and while
the la,boi,c clergy and aty submitted with suen apathy
the pasying eec; of the Josephenist laws, the Cal
ymss population never ceased 10 manes as openly as
they dared discomfort with their rulers and contemp for
tho imperial policy In Italy the consequences Of jose
pbipism was wide spread inHdeiiiy .and theo-
creno democracy among the higher classes,
s.od dissatisfaction, bordering revolt, throughout
the middle and lower ranks of society In Bohemia, Mo-
rav and sesia the numerous richly endowed monaste
MA In hce.r lxu
dies whose lives unreguated by religious dscipne and
scandal the Catholic Czechs, caused the latter
forget momentarly their hatred Of Russia, and the
tyranny Of Nicholas over the Catholics OF Poand and to
lend not unwilling TO the liberal promises OF relief
from s. Petersburg, which were ever at sne tong ues
Of their Greek fellow subjects Even ever loyal Ty
roll vorabsrg yra and the population Of Austria above
and the Eus complained bitterly Of tho anti ultra
onsne yoke and asted, with open murmurs their
state WIFE the comparative freeaYm enjoyed by their Co
reponsts in Bavaria, Belgium, Westphala ana the Rhine
provinces No three hundred revolutionary deputies could
nave peen brought together Prague l648 # the 70
Catholic church had been free I'D the ScAvonig pro-
vinces the loyalty Of Catholic hungary had not been
Of the people Of that kingdom to the throne could not
have been shaken by the eloquent mouneoanxeries OF
hossun. Blu, for the laws Of Joseph H. the clergy Of
Northern Italy could have been excited into the be-
lief that they and their locks the worst
persecuted Christians in Europe. In fact, have
beard statesmen, who Twelve years ago, we're the most
bg0tcd the colossal mistake Of supposipg
that the religious convictions OF people may be
swadded political machine, ana that the safety Of
Sla,c tne slavery u
that tha principal Of the dena.onalzaon Of the
Austrian Empire lS48 Is 10 be sought for IN The prac
teal workings Of Josepsnisfa This belief had been In
s.sd INTO the mind Of Francis Joseph by his mother,
Pie Archdu chess SOPHIA long before the JOINT abdcaon
ms favor OF Emperor Ferdinand aud Of his father
Archduke Charles and Of the earliest ass OF his
reign cause every law OF the Empire restraining
the church and fetering conscience TO DO abrogated
Every trace even Of their Effects had disappeared before
the beginning Of 1854, far mere legislative nerpo
sitiun could remove II.
The astonishing results which have grown out Of this
cent enranchscmen. of Cathohcy In Austria VIII not
be comprehended by those who examples TO know
that iath-wneher true false, national or religious, IN
an idea or in name-wiil ever DO the allconquerng
motor and essential principle of success In nsons rs
well as IN individuals In no PORTIONS Of france,
spain, Italy Ireland Ia genuine Roman Catnolcity,
utramon.ane adhesion to the Pope as the head OF
the visible church, more deeply rooted IN tho hearts
Of the people than II - among the iortyhve
millions OF Catholics throughout Austria and Ger many.
The most glorious the history OF the Austrian
Empire associated with its spiritual aegiancs TO
Rome aud has been the pride OF subjects 70 regari
as the bulwsrk OF the old faith against i.s enemies
As Professionalism, since 1920, has gradually given way,
the loat the