The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-08-04
THE CONFERENCE At ZURICH.

hardy as an army of occupation, to facilitate III
reorganization of Italy. Poor Count Cavour !
about TO travel for the benefit of his healtb-t
! England, it is said''
THE CONFERENCE At ZURICH
! Paris (Jly 1sJ Correspondence London Postl
! The Emperor Napoleon and his advisers have
learn, succeeded in inducing the Emperor and Cabi
net OF Austria to agree to a conference to regu
late the affairs of Italy, to which France believe
desires the great Powers to be invited Coun
Walewski was all day long with the Emperor yes
terday, and, believe, pointed out to his Majesty
tne lmposslolIty OF carrying out with success Ger
tam provisions OF the treaty of peace. The tele
graph was set to work between Paris London anC
vienna, and 1t seems pretty certain a conference
VIII take place, though no one knows exactly
where 1t is of the utmost Importance thai
the conference should meet as early as possible
Great agitation exists in italy, especiallv in TINS
cany, Modena, Parma and the Roman States-tbe
people there especially protesting against the pro
Visions OF the treaty, which places them without re-
serve at the mercy OF the sovereigns who had aban
doned them. We may hope the influence of Emo.
land, If admitted, will not be without some WEIGHT
IN the conferences, by which means we can express
our sympathy for the Italian cause, and thus CON
hrm policy towards the Italians, which all British
governments, saving that of Lord Derbv's had
hitherto observed; whilst no doubt Lords Palmers-
ton and Russell will take care to appoint such en-
voys to the conference shall represent the feeling
OF the English nation towards people who have So
longstruggled for independence and nationality.
hdT1s (JHy lSl Correspondence of London Reratdl
AT two O'Clock this afternoon an interview took
place at the Foreign Office between NJ. WaIewski.
Lora L Cowley and Prince de Reuss, who acts as
Prusslan ambassador in the absence Of Count Pour-
tales and M. de Kisseleff. Their excelencies re
celved in the morning an invitation from the French
Forelgn Secretary requesting them to call upon
him. IhdUe to believe that the trenfu of Via
trdncd acdS communicated to them
1t is to be hoped that some member ofParliament
VIII put question on the subject and that Lord
J9hn Russell will not be so reserved as usual on a
SUBJECT which IS no secret in Partisan salons
From the Paris Constitutional, J,lv ISL
NAPOLEON IN WAR AND PEACE
The Emperor, having accomplished the glorious
laoors OF the chief command of the army during the
war, now resumes possession of the government OF
france. At the moment when he crossed the from
tier the treaties Of 1915 were still in existence and
constituted the power of Austria on the Alps.
mllan ana Lombardy were only portion of the
Rouse OF HapSburg; Piedmont was menaced and
Austrian influence was paramount in all the re-
malnder of the Italian peninsula To change that
state OF things required more than the heroic efforts
OF an army; it required also-at least such was the
general nplnion-the indispensable aid of time =
Yet, amidst the wonderment of all Eurone tba
Whole sYsCem has been altered in the short period
OF two months, and peace has been concluded
Inc triumph which has been achieved is com
plete, for it delivers Italy, without ENCOURAGING
reVouon; IL secures to France the glory of an ad-
mlrabe campaign, at the same time that If relieves
her from the perils of universal war The Empc-
ror Napoleon, with that exalted saoacity of which
ne mas given so many proofs, comprehended that
peace must be dictated either on the Mincio or It
Vienna. We think that after four victories when
the french fleet was before Venice and the cannon
already planted before the strong fortresses of the
quadrilateral, the road before Vienna MIGHT be
opened before the French eagles, and the Emperor
might doubtless have given himself the satisfaction
OF sleeping at Sch9nbrunn in the bed of the con-
queror Of Austerlitz. But the day ON which the
French army had left the soil of Italy to set their
iooC on the territory OF the Germanic Confedera.
ton the face of the war would have been changed,
and as the Emperor said in his order of the day :'it
assumed proportions which were no longer in keen.
ing with the interests which we went to defend ,:
Inc peace OF Viatranca was therefore cOunseled
by the greatest interests Of humanity; it marks the
point at which France was bound 10 ston short in
order to remain within the range of her enlightened
and generous policy.
From 'he austrian LTie,naJ Gazette, J,s,y 16.l
OPINIONS IN GERMANY OF THE PEACE TREATY
Under all circumstances, the end to battles and
.he cessation OF those massacres is something conso
Iatory as regards humanity. The improvements
made IN the means of destruction now render every
oattle a complete butchery. In one of those which
nave been fought as many men have been lost as in
former times were opposed to each other The
Killed and wounded are not mercenaries but are
the laborious children of our families but every
man killed is a national loss We rejoice upder any
circumstances, that our brave soldiers are not to
undergo any fresh dangers and support any further
prvatiOns.
We shall be rejoiced to see them return to their
country; they may show themselves proudly with
their glorious scars and they will have right to
boast of their exploits before God and before men
But even in political point of view, the peace will
not be without profit for US. We have lost a pro-
vince. ana very tine one, but we nevertheless
snail become stronger. We shall now better ex-
pend the capital which remains to u.s. and we shall
endeaVor to employ it in more profitable manner
we shall make up for time lost; shall collect cur
mat rio IL.
ope and increase them. Our august monarch in
speaking OF the empire, said that it was advancing
In t'e path OF progress. That progress and that
development will hencetOrth be more rapid The
only ally OF Austria has been her own people and
the voice OF the German nation. The people of
Austria have faithfully supported the crown: moth
ing has heen able to lead them astray or to shake
their fidelity.
Not single man has failed to return to his regi.
ment, and thousands of volunteers have flocked to
take part IN those sanguinary cOmbats The conf
dence OF the people merits return. The govern
ment must now strengthen the bonds which unite
Austrlans to one another and to the imperial fam
lly; 1t must employ the means best calculated TO in
crease the arsenal of moral and material forces
in order that if fresh dangers should threaten us we
may oppose to them an imPenetrable phaanx.-
Austria will thus fulfil both her historical and her
German mission
Th evarous States oftha Germanic Confederation
are following the example of Prussia and are coun-
termanding all further movement of troops The
hanoyerIan government has already dsbanded Il
part of the soldiers who had been called out and the
reserves OF infantry will be shortly dismissed The
Grand Duke of Baden has also sent to their homes
great part of the mobilZed troops and has order
ed that the companies shall be, as soon as possible,
replaced ON peace footing. Similar measures have
been adopted in W ertemberg. Likewise, SwitZer-
land and Belgium have given up their attitude of
observation
The Prussian Gazette (of Berlin) of July Is, pub
fishes leading article in defence of the attitude
taken by Prussia during the last few months and
endeaVors to prove that its policy has prevented an
universal war. The article lays the chief stress upon
the fact that real and substantial basis for ioinip
IN the war was wanting
From the Progress fne'O Vlen"a paperJ July lsI
Austria was only desirous of securing the federal
right, as the only basis remaining in the chaos of
violent complications, but Prussia put forth de-
mands which favored the belief that She desired to
take advantage of the embarrassments of the other
German Powers to realize the Gotha idea of a Ger
many without Austria. Austria wanted to leave to
the Germanic Diet the direction of the military and
political movement of Germany; Prussia on the
other hand insisted that everything should be di-
rected by the sole will of the Berlin Cabinet to the
entire exclusion of the Diet In this great bistori-
cal moment when the question had to be decided
whether it better for Austria to give up the
position she held in the Confederation or portion
OF territory in Italy, the wise policy of the En-
peror of the French ended the difficulty The
having, by her armaments made a diversion in
favor of Austria. 1t does, indeed appear that
France was not disposed to fight on two points at
once. But the real motive of the treaty of peace
was certainly the same in the two camps-namely,
to avoid the interference of Prussia, = i and,
therefore, it was easy to come to an understand
ing.
From Galfgaqni's Messenger, July 1871
The language OF the Prussian journals becomes
more and more hostile to Austria. The National
Gazette of Berlin concludes an article on the peace
OF Viii afranca in the following terms:
The treaty which Austria has just concluded is
so humaing that it would be difficult to find any
thing like it in the annals of history. 1t appears
the arms of Napoleon Ill. to allowing Prussia to
take her proper rank in Germany.
The Vienna Press gives the following anticipa-
tory answer to the above:
When the Emperor of Austria found that the
mission of Prince de Windischgraetz had not Sc
cured the end desired, he resolved to come to a di-
rect understanding with the Emperor Napoleon.
Austria deemed direct and prompt decision far
better than long and useless negotiations. .
A letter from Munich of the 18th of July in the
Correspondent of Nuremberg, says:
The news of the signature Of the prelimiuaries of
peace hal caused here the most painful impression
The resignation of Austria, after so short war.
can only be explained by the hope of finding else
where compensation for the losses sustained in
partly, of the Withholding of assist
ance by the German States 1t is too evident that
this hope cannot be in accord with the hopes of
Germany. Such are the fruits of the policy of the
Cabinet at Berlin. 1t would be an illusion to believe
that Austria will adopt line of policy less selfish
than that OF Prussia. But surprising that she does
ought the secondary States to allow themselves to
be reduced to the rank of simple satellites of the
two great Powers? Has not the time arrived for
reyiving the federal constitution, shaken by Prussia
shall form counterpoise to Prussia and Austria
and be capable of defending their interests against