The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1859-08-02
The csn.e. Of Aa.srian Defeat.

Ane Vauses OF Austrian Defeat.
mr. Raymond, In his last letter 10 The New
York TIMES, attributes the defeat of the Aus.
trians at ssrfsffno 70 baa genefdlship:
4 Is perfectly evident moreover, that some
my and places II substantially at the mercy 81
'he Allies. It's constant successive defeats ars
perfectly unaccountable upon any ordinary
hypothesis Of military operations. It's forces
aas art. very large and @ well appointed; its gene
questioned cournge It's artilleryis numerous
and well handled; Its cavalry Is acknowledged
to be the best in Europe; its soldiers are brave
firm and loyal, and its positions have in near.
lyevery case been selected with skill aud ad-
| mrahle military judgment. Yet in every case
ali this has GeciIed them nothing. Promising
as their plans might be, NhAn the decisive mo-
ment came, someshing happened to thwart
them ali. just when everybody cxpected
| them to march upon Turin and hold the Pied
montese apital, they halted, and then com.
menced the retreat, which, up to this time, has
not been arfested. At Magenta they held
very strong position,--fohsbt ~ell, bat part OF
their forces We're too far away 10 BIZ brought
into action, and they were beaten And at
Soiierlno they had position, which, have
the authority of a staff officer in the Piedmon-
tese army for saying, 600 men ought to have
heid against ten timss their number-or in
iact. aga'nst any posser that could have been
| brought to bear Upon them They defended il
vigorously, ,-fought well,--infiieted upon the
French far heavier losses than they themselves
sustalned,-and 1cifhdreW while more than n
dozen heavy batteries of their artillery had
remained silent from the beginning, and while
masses of their infantry still stood unengaged.
AT O'Clock they had actually beaten the
Picdmontese, and If what seems to have been
their original plan had been carried out, and
they had at that moment thrown the whole oi
their disposable force upon the French, they
could scarcely have failed to break them, and
win the day. Several times. during the heat
! OF the battle, McMahon's whole flank was ex-
! To be fetetfhd firm assailing it by French
| light cavalry, and especially bv body OF
Chasseurs d'Afrique, under Capt. Bonaparte-
who mannuvred for hours in so mastery n
manner as actually to menace the enemy into
| an inactivity fatal to themselves. Their ar.
| tiilery completely swept the sides of the hills
round Solferino-and twice they actually
drove back the French, who attempted to
storm the heights. They were strongly post
ed in the stone honses and narrow streets and
in the cemetery had high. strong, thick walls,
which protected them against the French fire,
and gave them an immense advantage over
them.
How it happened that with such odds in
their favor, they should have been beaten,
| many able military critics have been puzzled
to explain. The French assault was prompt
vigorous and wonderfully impetuous; and the
Emperor Napoleon, by the rapid energy with
which he brought up his scattered forces the
moment he saw q battle was impending, for
up to sunrise of that day he had no expecta-
ton of general engagement reflects upon
him the highest possible credit a command
er and general. But in spite of all this there
must be so,ue element of internal tceakness in
the Austrian caItp: md from all I can learn,
from the facts that come oit., GId the hints and
surmises that float in the atmosphere, I have
very little doubt that ii is to be found in the
incompetency and vacillating presumption of
the Emperor himself. He is young man,
Without military experience. and of only the
oretic military knowledge and ambitious TO a
degree which makes him absurdly jealous of
the Generals by whom he is surrounded whose
advice lte constantly rejects. and whose we'll
laid plans lie Constantly Counteracts at the
critical moment. Before he toined his army.
ne kept up incessant telegraphic coriiifnhica-
ton with headq from Vienna, and did
not hesitate even at that distance, to oyerrule
his ablest Generals in the field. Gen. Gyulai
has been disgraced for the loss of Magenta, and
private accounts represent him rs gloomy,
melancholy, and apparently overwhelmed by
the ruin of his professional character; yet he
has friends who say that if the time ever
comes when he can place the responsibility
where it belongs. he will stand acquitted.
Three distinguished Generals-Clam, Gal
las, Prince Lichtenstein, and Zadewitz-are
said to have thrown up their commands, since
Solferino this could only have happened un-
der the pressure OF some very grave and i'm
peratiVe necessity. On the field 1T ssolferino
Francis Joseph is said to have addressed an
angry reprocf TO one of his Oldest Generals-
who instantly broke his sword across his knee
and threw it al his feet the Emperor burst
~
pardon for the offence lie had given. All
these things, with many others of the same
kind that might be mentioned indicate Il state
OF complete decentralization IN the higher ranks
of the Austrian army and nothing can be
more fatal than such a state of things to the
vigorous and successful prosecution of 4 war.
The Allies. on the contrary, are completely Y
united. The King, Victor Emmanuel with
admirable Judgment, accepts the place simply
of General of n corps d'armee, and gives TO
Napoleon the supreme command of the whole
allied armies, and the most perfect harmony
/ prevails IN every department of the combined
| force,
| FIGHT WITH INDIANs-A letter to the ST
/ Louis Republican, dated Camp Stockton, July
| 10, says:
Capt. Bracket. of the second Cavalry United
States army, had q fight short time since
| with party of Indians near the Rio Grande
in which he defeated them, killing two an6
| wounding several more. He was obliged tt
go into San Carlos, in chihuahua, TO get pro
| visions for his men, and from there to Preside
| del Norte. AT the latter place the Mexicans
| killed one of his mcn--a private, named Johr
| J. Stander. Corporal Gaffiney was wounded
| at Las Limpias, and Private Amer died o
| stroke. After his first scout, Capt. Brack
EFT went out again after a large party of In
dians, bat did not succeed in finding thei
| trail. Lieutenant Owens accompanied tn.
Captain on his first scout. This company ha
done u great deal of service along the RiS
| Grande and on the FL Paso road.
|
DEATH OF THE Hon. RICHARD RUsu.-Th
| Washington Constitution announces the deail
| of the Hon. Richard Rush, at Philadelphia, OF
| SATURDAY. morning, at an advanced age. MI
| Rush was the son of DR.. Ben iamin Rush, on,
| of the signeIs of the Declaration of Indepen
dence. Mr.. sRush was appointed Attorne.
General by President Madison in 1914, upoI
| the resignation of the Hon. William Pinkney
of MARYLAND. In 1877 he was appointed minis
ter to England by President Monroe, and h
afterwards published a volume of his 'Recol
lections at the Court of st. James, In 1s2
he appointed Secretary of the Treasur
by John Quincy Adams and made an eiaborat
report in favor of protective tariff. He wa
afterwards nominated rs candidate for tn
| Vice Presidency on the same ticket with MI
Adams who was defeated for the Presidenc
by General Jackson: was afterwards identifie
with Democratic politics. but we believe neye
| again entered public life.
SPECIAL NIcARAGUAN CoNGREss.-A specia
Congress has been ordered by the President G
Nicaragua, to take into consideration ''certai
serious matters relating TO the foreign rela
tions' of that republic. The session was I
commence on the 18th of the present month
The decree is published in the Washingto
States and is probably the basis of the telt
graphic dispatches TO the Associated Press an
nouncing the probability that the Lamar -Zels
don treaty Will shortly be ratified, with tn
article objected to by our government. omitte'
| The States attributes such object TO the Nical
, | aguan President, but on what authority it dot
not say. The probabilities are in favor of ths
idea, however, but it is not quite certain by an
means that the Congress will do just e1actl
| what our government wishes them to do. n
, | caraguan statesmen seem to have a will of thei
own, and 10 be tolerably independent in the e,
ercise of it.
THE WAR CORRESPONDENCE OF THE Los
. poS TIMEs.-Mr. Raymond, in a letter frol
Paris. thus corrects a popular error Tespec
Ing the correspondence of the London Time
| from the seat of war -
see that you attributedts Russell the lie
tors from the French camp which has appeal