The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-08-02

AttAcxs Do CAMEO bp00 " uotenO nef own HO0sor0
impossible 70 oresel to what pitch the pssstons Of inter
national hatred might not BE- Damed and for what space
Of time tho continent Of Europe might not have 70 suffer
You are lvaady sufficiently ioymed Of Asr Nsjestys ~
solus supported BY Ne usaniots feeling Of h psps to OBJ
sytx sid Neutrality Her Majesty has kept this oouu-
try free from oil and every obligation which might inter-
fore with her freedom OF action. Her Majesys govern
ment eptertans the hope that Prussia will adopt
permit Possibly the time ia very when the vsoe Of
medatipg friendly Powers will be able to make itsef
ceisuly heard and when representations In favor Of
peace viii no longer be without effect.
Pray read this despatch Baron schleniz and leave
copy with BIN. am, &C., JOHN RUSSELL
10 Lord BIooNfInD I
A Britain Railroad from the Atlantic % the
Pacific.
From the London Herald, July 1871
On various occasions have called attention to the
growing prosperity and brilliant future Of Canada, and
pointed out those natural facilities which, under udicous
the British effective counterpoise 70 lhe ambton
Of the great transatlantic republic II has duty
70 impress on the public mind the ncacuabe advantages
that would necessarily result by connecting the Atlantic
and Pacific oceans by Inc OF communication running
entirely through British territory and formed OF rail- ase
river and canal Conservative foresight claims sad WIN
retain the honor of having founded thu Pacific ter
minus Of this mighty EMPIRE by erecting tne colony or
British Columbia and by resolutely determining to abolish
the monopoly Of the Hudsons Bay company whose pecu
mary interests in the multiplication Of wild beasts are fatal
the extension sgricusute and the progress Of cvzt
ton We this subject consequence Of the recent
pubcatcnof papers on The exploration
that portion OF Canada which lies between LAKE Superior
and the Red river settlement and which also contain IN
cdentsly some valuable inor nation tho districts In
erposed between that settlement and the Rocky Mountains
THIS expedition, Undertaken Dy the Canadian authorities
described the interior barren desert doomed by
ure 10 eternal serty and dreaded the discovery Of
ensve praies which required nothing but culture aad
ekl 10 he clothed With vegetation When they
the truth would be revealed by scientific survey
ed their tactics ge the frufuness Of the sp
IS appears from letter addressed by MI shepherd 20
Mr. Vehn shn~n shn OtoeT Tan
letter Mr.. Shepherd remarks that the govern ment
OF Canada may probably desire immediate possession
Of the territory between the Saskatchewan and Red
districts, to the surrender OF which objects
rot merely account OF their being stations for carryiog
on the fur trade but because they OF pecuiar vane
to The company as being the only source from which the
ranys annual stock OF provisions Ia dra pSrtcu
larry the etspe article OF pemcann This is decisive
d. that abundance OF food be grown 10 regions
repeatedly oescrbed unit for agriculture and
zston Mr. Shepherd then proceeds to state addressing
Mr. Labouchere: 10 proper, therefore, that should
draw your attention 20 Tie FAC. that the uu,ste loss Of
bcse d1sucs world most probably involve the Hudsons
Bay Company in verY serious difficulties, and
great increase OF expense IN conducting trade This
Ia very cnrous, and, ~e should be justified saying
very silly argument as would be absurd TO gu opose
that the Canadian government deered possession of
territory in order to render 1t uneroducve the
ary has every inducenent to deveiope agrlcuiu
raj resources 20 the highest pitch Of it's capabilities
Mr. George Gladman, the chief director controller Of
the expedition in abiding TO Mr. Shepherds letter. very
properly observes that the Canadians have desire
lpjure the Hadsons Ray Company or deprive tnem OF
any rights possessions TO which they justly en-.
titled, bat insists that the people OF Canada may
fairly claim to carry business AZ the Red river
the OF ut any other portion Of British North
Ansrca as freely and as unrestralnedly they do In
the Chief Btgeas laid IL 10 plain tn the company woaid
not be debarred from trading in provisions with the
Daners when the cutvabe prairie lands had passed
under the plough domes,cD:et animals would take the
place Of the buffalo But there Ia another remark mlde
by Mr., Shepherd which more than psnuses that both
the British and Canadian governments overstepoag
lhn h0nnd
surveying expedition With view sette nent
the elected districts The dies OF this jodrna coatain
pie evidence reu.Dg the pretended validity of the Hu1
sons Bay charter bu, Mr. Shepherd almost the
euage Of royalty itself when he refers the preserva
ton OF the future peace OF the country "rhe company
assume says that gentleman, THAT the Canadian GO
vernment win be responsible for ,he preservation OF
peace and the maintenance Of law and order 10 nil the
territory coded 80 them, aod that they will prevent law
leea aud dishonest advepturere from infringing, from
thence, the rights OF the company tho remain
ing portions OF their territory.n Surely this high
and imreriocs tone asserting territorial rights,
most upbecoming in q small body Of merchau:s
trading In skins and fors whose exravagant preeusons
ere founded pure usur paon and who only enjoy
tain privileges by grace and favor OF the Gro The
sneer thrown out against the Canadian government is
than vulgar-t is positively nsultiDg it's pc
Inclination both, 10 maintain internal tranquility are
called INTO question The .sla Hle.s and dishonest adven
tureIs really the natives who move from place TO
place ~ earn their subsistence in what Is really their own
land But what makes tbeae statements eiy as they
are autscoas ia the fact that the company have never
been able to enforce order the domain leased to them
fbey held by lease from government ''the Kings
pestE and seigpories Ia Lower Canada y There IN
trusiops have frequently taken place. but the company
have not been able to punish the wroDgdoers, pre-
the repetition of the offence. They sough. pro
lection by civil action in the courts of Canada, aud
obtained il from those constituted tribunals and yet affect
10 believe that similar authority would not be established
the regularly colonized distrrts Of Red river when il
had been formed INTO townships and municipalities
According TO the report OF SIR Dawson, the surveyor
short detance above Lake Winnipeg AMI foows Red
river for about fifty miles cat Fort Carey this stream
joined by the Assioooine and along the banks OF the
later continuous settlement exists for twenty five
thirty miles, from thence there occasional houses
to the Grand Portage which is about mules
from Fort Carey rhe population At the last census
1902 These. however, are strictly stationary but
large pumber Of Indians encamp there during and
many uomadc half breeds who follow the chase regard Red
their headquarters In this DISTRICT tnen, the
ceus Of colony already exists The Boil Is rich auvs
deposit end though but strpe patches are DC yet cult
waited, this altogether arises from limited local demand
the mpossbty OF carrying produce TO distant mar
kes hay and pastursge for horses and cattle abouad
those animals may be Kept in immense numbers The
Red River settlement is not in the condition Of British
Columbia when first taken in hand by SIR Edward Bal
Some churches are already built; there are several
schools and library The extensive territory drained by
Sask and it's tributaries Ia admirably Sui led for
residence Of large population the report declaring that
there is not 10 the universe finer field for conization
The climate ia hghy saubrious the fertility Of the ground
unsurpassed, From Lake Winnipeg to the base OF the
Rocky Mountains the whole country is ntersected bv
vgnble lakes and rivers 1ron coal and salt are abun
dsnt Al Red river the summer temperature Is nearly
rpens before the Of August growing with the utmost
xu,ance Such faithful reRisiers Of climate the best
opponents Of the agricultural capabilities Of the country
ought to prompt government vigorously to urge
forward its Systematic coonzasoD The United States
rear understand this subject better than ourselves
Their surveys show that the character Of their territory
west Of the mississippi and south OF the great Missouri
road the ninety eighth degree OF longitude Is ut
ery unfit for settlement This s shown in paper drawn
up by Professor Heary, Of the Smithsonian Inatituon
aud published in the Patent Office Report for 1856; in
which he disspates the dreams Of land Spectators
The destiny Of the western part Of the North nerican
continent Mr. Louis Bodget, OF Philadelphia, famous
for his knowledge as Q mete0roogis, supports that
opinion, and points out the immense resources yet in
store for Canada both branches of the Saskatchewan
There he tells u.s. of the plains aud the woodland Dor
ders the valuable surface fully five hundred
thousand square mes" The proved s.erily Of the Far
West beyond the Miasasippi has powerful bearing
the advantages to be derived from the colonization Of
Red river and the whole valley Of Lake Winnipeg, aud
the entire region drained by the rivers which How ia,o
that lake. The United States, fond Of annexation would
be glad utise ibis neglected regioo aud, Il
dsgracefuy inert longer to delay the work it woad
be better for the interests OF civilization that the country
should pass into their hands, however oshonorabe 70
England Will the Duke Of Newcastle follow up the wise
pollcy of Sir Bulwer I,yttOn?