The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-07-30
lDP0RTAbr FROM TIE BELIZE.
The New British Province i'm
Central America.
Outline Of It's Character---nlste1
Of the Country,


Of the Country,
We published yesterday the ness Of the csssion In
sovereignty to Gres Britain, by tho called republic OF
Gpa'emaa, Of the es,abnspmens and territory hitherto
kpo~n ss British Honourss Belize. As d,ubt ex-
ss the acceptance Of the by Great Britain,
may regard the acquisition fa.. aecompI and recog-
rise The fact Of Brt.h oooni. esta bishmeps ON
the American consuent-sbus completing the chain OF
Ene'hh posesssoBs FROM Canada Demerara The fact
10 PRACTICAL commentary the value Of the
"hCnroe ccctrine, supported by United Ssates
aud scarcely less striking illustration Of vaue and
efficiency Of American diaonscy in Central Amesica. Il
only remains FOR Great Brnsn consolidate her pre-
tensions the Mosquito Shore order her con-
uoi Of twotnds OF The Atlantic Of Central Amer.
CO, from Yocstsn 10 Psnsms she already dom mates the
entire country from her stronghold Of the Bay k'ands
which she bas coonzed and occupies in contempt alike Of
the Monroe doctrine and the Clay too Bul~er treaty.
The seps by which gradually obtained foothold In
The territory which she has secured In sovereignty
have been Glow but and propose 70 their
succession veil convey idea Of tho charac-
,er condition probable future Of her new de-
tendency and acquisition.
The Of Belize or B.llzs has been variousy Do
rived from The French word balie, beacon and from the
roted Scotch freebooter, Who resorted here.
psmed Wslace pronounced by the spsniards wahce or
Bsce. Whether correct pos this last derivation best
indicates the origin Of tho establishments or settlements
which made there, and which only retreats
as Of the buccaneers. They easily eluded pursuit be-
NIL the dangerous spriDked Wh Gays, which pro-
t.et the approaches Of Yucasan and
through which large find difficult 10 psnstrae.
here they could only rendezvous 10 safety, bat reHt
and COT cert future schemss OF plumber
After the ciose VI the great between England and
spsin early In the century, piracy began 10
decline in the sea Of the Antilles and peace
sol datso the reebooses generally osher
hut covgeDai pursuits They naturally TO their
ord piracsl establishments and the most
profitable occupation, began cutting of ogwood the
value Of Shich Ibey had acquired knowledge from
he cagoes shsy had lsken om the Spanisrds The old
roysser DAmper explains 70 us now this knowledge was
ortaIpeG-
fer the a.gli,h bad tai JsmSia and began nise
Inc 10, Q, honema. they found us9{ vessel tdeo with IL
ar-d heD sas, only the nas aid iron worA tnus
,Jso MI 'pin James sres sh'p isaen with
sDo m &c. I'D sSt At ar to- a..
eei.Ie Re Valued 50 lie ,h., Of all oass.se
bay sogne on. the whore II they
ahsIe s sise ole.
pracrce VI los, spaniArds soldiers
hither 10 prevent thsse eepreasia rs
British establishments In hs Bay Of soa.uras the same
an,bo,i ty tell us that
Thu trade had s decly Of prva.eers for A.
ter J.n,cs W.. eel By the -ss,.h ana peace
pluI oerins The -paD..d. put shfs for
Ss .as:assnss veg 's Peg: yass..
..s.,ed The NOR. iSdasIiou. OF them came hi hsr vet
.be:e i1ouse hey caS work well e no, they
~osd lacy were Sod sI6 60 .oo 1e delight
nE therefore. the otan saies
n %s sns am hs ae s tS
their huis sno their be s JamA,cA
5 se ;St ss hat
four ser ard sober mem
% e s d Ss Sa
III M any Gs 0s ID By tSsr Ssr I'm
uOen bep and took mo q ,hem aingy iuo thetr ha
In their character traders the buccaneers con-
Quoted very profitable business they still 60 far sd-
hered TO their Old PRACTICES that taey hesased to
seze by violence what was not peaceaby conceded to
them.
The forcible occupation Of large tract OF country
Avowedy in the territory Of the King Of Spsiu was not
nst openly defended although not disapproved OF by
the Brtsh government for the dyewoods which II pro-
duced in great abundance objects Of slight i'm
portauce to EDgsh manufacturers But the insolence
and entertainments of the cutters finally reused the in
cienaton Of their Spanish neiehbo, who resolved on
driving them out Of the country intruders and OUT
laws, beyond the protection of any government Sc
vera ati.mps made TO this end, but by small par
ties, who were almost always defeated. Finally,
however, in 1854, the Spaniards organized for Q
vigorous effort TO expel them. Conscious
OF their inability TO approach them from the sea,
owing to their own ignorance Of the numerous
reefs and shoals, which rendered the navigation
Of those eaters extremely diff uit to any but those
intimately acquainted with them, they resolved to
them from the land eide, ana for shat purpose
province Of Vera Psz Fifteen hnndred men we're
marched against embellishments we're encountered
completely Before me .rrV Of sns
main body OF the log~ood cutters, eight defended
spanish force After this s.smUs ' 81 sSs
SpsDiac TO depoetess the cutters the country which
they bad appropriated the latter left for
several years, and In 1853 treaty signed Paris,
by which sgreed the part Of his Britannia Ma
esty That all ortncaons in the Bay OF Honduras erected
by bis subjects, should be demolished and part OF
his CAthoic Majesty, that the EngLsh Ahonld nos be
disturbed in their occupations of cutting loading and
o h Ss ps es sso
out Sir W. Burnaby, who not only settled the
limits within which the English we're % oonans their
wood cutting operations but composed for them code
Of laws Acapted to the people for who
II was designed. Captain Henderson, writing in 1904,
fore enforced It mnst be believed that it was merely
INTENDED that direction should be en-
without respect 10 rules Of any kind and whose rregu
lartiee muroers, pracee and atrocities Of every Sort
were continually perpetrateu with barbarous indier
once, becaufe punishment upkpoWn.n
The British log~ooa cutters bay men, they were
called were now for several years. permitted to pursue
their occupations in peace and DO aoubt they continued,
as their umeers increased make fe.h encroschmens
on the spansh territory In all their encounters with
the Spsparcs they had hitherto been successful but
they were at length destined TO experience severe
reverse OF fortune On The 18th Of September 1779 they
suddenly and Unexpectedly attacked by powerful
Spanish fcrce and utterly cefeated and their movable
property wac seized, their houses burnt and tney
themselves loaded with chains spd conveyed on iooi
10 Nc nj be- o