The River Falls journal. (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1857-1861, 1859-08-10
The Peace---What is Done and
What Is Not.

The Albany Journal contains the
dearest and fullest statement we have
seen of the results Of the recent war, and
the condition in which it leaves the eoun-
tries Interested in it. 1t says: ~
Il would sem that the two great fea-
lures of the arrangement arc, lst, the sur
render by Austria, Of the conquered
norton OF Lombarlv, and I'd, the forma-
ton of the Italian Confederation, similar
to the Germanic Confederation.
I.ombar,lv is free as far as tho Mincio
or Adigo. Hcnceforth her inhabitants will
have constitutional government of their
own choice, and Milan will be the capitol
ola independent people, instead ct the
seat of foreign despotism. This is the
chief and most glorious achievement OF
the war.
Probably, in the ItaIinn CONFEDERATION,
each State will regulate IFS internal affairs,
but the foreign and general policy OF all
will be regulated bv Congress compos-
ed Of MI the soyereigns or their repre-
sentative. This body may consist of the
King of Sardinia and Lolnbariy, the
King OF Naples, and Grand Dukes Of
Tuscany, Parma, and Modona { p, the
E,nperor of Austria as Sovereign OF
Venice. the Pope, who is to be President
of the Congress, and perhaps, representa-
tives FROM some of the smaller States OF
Monaco, Lucca and San Marine. Italy
will then have a political as well rs
geographical existence.
And now is tile time TO look over the
field of strife.
Sardinia gains all the conquered soil
I.ombardy will unite with her under tue
crown OF VICTOR EMANUEL, whose sub
iocts and territory, wealth and power, are
thus nearly doubled His realm viii be
equal to Naples and Portugal
France gains military prestige, and
grateful allies beyond the Alps. The
moral effect of the campaign is, that she
resumes her coveted position Of the first
military power on tho Continent.
Austria loses q rebelious and trouble
some province; Bat she keeps the richest
half of her Italian possessions, and gains
Econce to interfere in the affairs of ali
Italy, by becoming member of the Con
federation. Sac exchanges also a weak
and exposed frontier for one of the strong
est in the world, composed Of the almost
impossible mountains OF Tyrol, the Forti-
fed Square, and the marshes Of the Pc.
IL viii be next to impossibility to invade
Austria on her Italian side, in any future
war.
The Lnmbards gain change OF rulers,
and opportunities of liberty which they
haze but to improve.
The Pope gains the position of Presid-
ing Officer in thexCouncils of all Italy,
which must be n welcome change for him
who fortnight before could hardly hope
TO retain even the Patrinony of st. Peter.
Whether, in return, the Confedation will
undertake to interfere with his temporal
sovereignty to make reforms, remains to
be seen.
The King OF Naples, whose throne was
nlso shnkv, finds himself unexpectedly
made member of the Congress Also
Hegains additional power, without hay-
ing done anything to obtain it, or to de-
serve it.
The people of Tuscany, Parma and
Modena seem to gain-nothing. They
had brief dream of Independence, from
which the Peace will awaken them. They
will probably see their old rulers reinstat-
ed on their thrones,-this time firmly
secured by the power Of the Confedera
fion.
Until wo know how power is distribut-
ed among the different members of the
Conicderacy, it is impossible to Judge Of
It's ultimate effect on the Peninsula. But
it locks very mach as if there would be
two parties in It, a Liberal one, consisting
mainly Of Piedmont and Lombardy, and
Conservative one, embracing Rome,
Naples and Venice and considerably the
strongest of the two.
Tho Peace rings the kneII of several
projected Revolutions. Hungary is re-
manded back to her dungeon. The Ro-
mans must lay down the arms they were
seizing. The Neapolitans find Bourbon
tyranny finaIlty Venetian hopes of
liberty are again deferred.
The war has been briec, sanguinary and
decisive. Il has cost over hundred thou
sand lives, and more millions of money
than ever will be publicly told of. Louis
Napoleon promised that it would result in
his driving the Austrians out of Italy
from the Alps to the Adriatic." This was
generally believed, but it has not come to
pass. joseph Mazzini predicted it would
result in the aggrandizement of dyuasties,
rather than in the enfranchiscment of the
People. This was generally disbelieved,
but IL proves true.
Fortunately for us, on this side of the
Atlantic, we have rs little to fear from
tue rise of dyuasties as we have to gain
at their fall. Peace is grateful to us, since
twill bring removed activity to Commerce
will terminate scenes of carnage and will
insure the independence of at least ono
people with whom we sympathize. More
that We hoped might BIO done is left un-
done. Yet it is not therefore hopeless
The sword is not always the apostle of lib
erty, nor the olive branch always boon
of despotism. Wemay hope with reason,
that changes for the better, begun in the
rap,n o,.y ha axtnnda,I In tho council opd