New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-08-29
THE STATE OF ITALY.


From Our Own Correspondent
GENOA, Aug. D. 1859.
The new Piedmoptese Ministry arc proceeding
so fsst a. circumstances will allow. in the work u
amslssma,it Lombardy with the Kingdom, asd IN
introducing legislative and administrative reforms
70 embrace both the OLD and new provinces Tho
full powers Of the Governor of LombsrJy have
been revoked SO far as 10 reduce them to the
ues,uIe of those enjoyed By the late Austrian
Wee Regents the Pisdmontese law respecting
the neWspsper press has been introduced int
Lombardy, SUBJECT. however, to such notifications
as are necessitatsd BY the different judicial organ
izsJion # the new province. The Ministers OF
the Finance and Of the Interior have issued circular
10 TIER subordinstes, which by the comprehen-
siyenes % and the earnestpess with which they enter
upon the whole subject Of administration, may -
taken as their political programme. They depre-
cate the prevailing Encouragement preaching
faith in the iniallible future of the nation and o(
liberty; they promise the largest development Of
the constitutional franchises, and reforms, by which
the Administration will be decentralized, 40 rs 10
r. nder il impossible that the local powers should
hereafter b. chokedby the action of the CentraiGov
ernment they recommend the immediate removal
FROM office, Of every public iunc'ionary, who hes
tils to the Constitution, repudstipg, at the sams
time. the pernicious doctrine Of Government By
and tor psrty, and declaring that the Cabne! viii
govern with the nation, and for !be nation.
Ii the spirit of these and the diplomatic circulars
OF the Ministers are acted up to faithfully, tho ab-
dicaton of CONT CayOur will be felt a. anything
but loss st hi. juncture, as they show that The
interior sGairs Of the state arc again to engroM
their due stare Of genera. attention. u g deeply
fti. that Count Cayour during hs long term Of Oh's
did not improve bis splendid oppoiluni,ie - carry
cut in the State those reforms whlc arc still
lie ce ssary to bring every bIalch Vi tae tvyerbmont
into harmony with the pfiuclPl, ~ genera acton
| Of the Constitution. He s especially accused u
I not baypc, with re exception OF those connected
with the C esiastcal question, which be took held
If but left unsoved, sid his hand upon any of tho
nun er0Gs practical abuses that survived the
establishment OF free institutions in State,
which, VI TO IciS, had been under one OF the
daI kest and most unmtlgsted military and
clerical despotisms of Europe; be did nothing
To heal the financial sores of the State;
D o. hing for rec schools, q thing yet unknown in
Piedmont, nor did the cause Of public education,
which il lawfully neglected, enjoy bis care or
attention; the Administration Was during tho
whole time Of his rule, subjected to such an over
strained Capitalization WAS entirely incOmpst
ible with the traditions of tho State, the newly
introduced institutions ard even the well being Of
the governed. 10 fact Inc only internsl reform,
with which his name is houorably connected is that
in the Customs-Tariff but even the new system,
though an iucsculablc advance upon the old prepos
ferrous Custom laws founded on autedluvian Princi-
pies s not quite free from defects since it sacrifices
i L. 800
And it has, perhaps, been truly said, that tho
Italian question had not demanded solution IN
time 10 save Csvonr's administration, il would
have proved Illuminating failure.
One of the gravest defects of this Adminstra-
ton was that Of being merely persc nal govern
ment. Endowed with great Intellectual glts, and
with boundless confidence ia his own resources,
enjoying the most Implicit confidence OF the KING.
and meeting always with Difference from the msjor-
Nv OF Parliament CayOur became naturally imps-
eBt OF contradiction, and intOlerant OF indePend-
ent views or character III those who served tho
State beside or below him; and the impOssibiity
of finding men Of talent and requirements, who
were al the same time plisble enough to be hn
tools and 10 bear the name Of office without its re-
sponsibItes. drove him to put, during many
months OF bis administration, the departments OF
Foreign Affairs the Interior, and the War Office
into ms own omnipOtent hands, and ~ surround
hnsef with Men Of medlocrity, giving 8 hearing
only u those few ilatterers who, BY dumb submIs
son. had Won his favor.
| have adyerted in one of my earlier letters n
the prepOsteroUs state If things ~ which this sys
tenn Of personal Government has led in the War
Office. Fresh facts, which have come lately To
light show how great task is deyolyed upon Count
CayOurs SUCCESSORS, II they mean TO BRING this
Department into state OF respectable efficiency,
ana 10 purge it of that narrow-minded red tape
formslim which used 70 rule IN it's ssnctum 1
laid, aso that Garibaldi ard bis corps were from
the out.et treated by the gentlemen Of the War
Office mere outsiders, who had no right to bo
considered members OF the established military
hiersrcby. This view hss been acted upon until
lstey, and the insulting contempt with which
Gen. Valfre treated Garibsldi's corps-Valfre, who
never spoke of it in any other terms than a. Car
badi's gang OF men" and used 70 ask sneeringly,
whether Garibaldi was a male or female'-has
no: been mended much The practical consequences
, of these views have caused great exaspeTa-
ton in the public mind. Indeed, this corps
though badly equipped, armed with The rejected
guns Of the royal srsenals, suffering want Of all
nitary requisites, and often % the verge Of sarv-
atiOn-has by il valor, It's perseverance, and the
CELEBRITY OF its marches, earned the unanimous admi-
ration of friend and foe; but II does not yet figure in
the official lisEs OF the army, aud number Of it.
wounded priyates, who, ON leaving the hospital in
IUIlb, asked reception IN the barracks OF the clta
DEL were refused, on the ground that they did no.
form part of the regular army. Gsrbaldi received
bis Generals breyet Only after tho armistice was
concluded, and tie other officers OF his corps have
LOT yet received theirs although their lists have
been sent 10 the War-ottice three different times;
but ~ answer il vouchsafed.
see that many English and most Of the CONT
reats newspapers indulge in the belief that the
Conference, wnicn met IN Turin yesterday, WI,
get through its labOrs in two or three days. But
considering the numerous questions Of intrics
| detail which are to be decided and which call