The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-05-10


an equally large class Of intelligent people 10 tho Uni
ted States Who from the causes from their absence
from the theatre of action and the conflicting expsua
tons of ministers diplomats, have no clear concep
lion Of the present European mbrogo. Impressed with
this ides occurred to that a. this critical Moment
when are the verge Of general Europesn out
break the end of which otetell, q clear and
concise sketch Of the motives Of and preliminary steps
10 the would be acceptable 10 your readers 1t will
tend 10 dspe that mystery in which Interested parties
always endeavor TO envelope wsr in order 10 conceal
their designs, and ascribe 70 their scton patriotic
and laudab desires, for which they perhaps could OBJ
tain little credit except by means Of the popular igno
Al any rate, matter OF history, think
Of The facts will be found interesting.
At the conclusion Of the Crmean war-which, rotwith
standing the glory gave 70 the French arms OF no
benaGt 70 her In material point Of view. Austria
the only rcwor to derive any real advantage
from that contest Louis Napoleon found him.
self with heavy and long standing debt 10 Austris,
with his inherited hatred Of that Power, with the con-
scousness that she had reaped ak the benefits OF the
without firing caDaon, spending dollar, or losing
man; and with restless army on his hands. flushed
with victory, and whose occupation was the only saliva
ton OF his thrope-perhaps Of bis head
In this situation, subsequent events amply PROVE he
determined to have contest with Austria, and, after the
apee sufficient time thorough resuecation aud pre-
pararop, after nDg the popular apprehension with
Of his pacific intentions, We find him using 70
Hubper the Austrian Minister at Paris ct his levee
the 1st of January last, this significant language
% regret that relations with your government
coed they were, but request you state to
the Emperor that my personal feelings for bin have
changed" And il is rumored that Marshal Valiant the
Minister OF War, in equally significant language, subse
quer ly said to Baron Hubuer 81 suppose / must not
nv hand MI ind csto
that he knew what the Emperor meant.
The effect of this language Immediately to create
panic the Paris Boui and successfully upon mo
ney markets of the world and Francis Joseph understood
It's tenor well, and well prepared TO IL,
that ho immediately repeated almost same language
TO tie French Minister 10 VIENNA and az the 7th
of January cnly week after the significant words
uttered, thirty thousand Austrian troops their
way to the Italian provinces Of Austria
At this time every TO believe that though
Napoleon had decided on war with Austria, he had not
yet fixed upon pre,ext but impressed in favor of
the Danuban difficulty. The Italian question but in.
cideptsy menooed in his speech legislative As.
semby which opened the 7h Of February the pElnci
pal point of which follows
The Cabinet Of Vienna and that Of France, the
Tary-I speak IL with regret-bave disagreed upon
porsnt qaestioDs and it required couciIiatory
spirit to succeed arranging them. For instance: the
Reconstruction Of the Danuban Principales has
diminished
the fu satisfaction Of their most legtimsts DESIRES and
aekei what interest France those distant
countries watered by the Danube, should reply that the
interest OF France is everywhere where there is Just
canse and where civilization ought 10 be made to prevail
In :hs state of things there nothing extraordinary
FrTnce should draw closer TO Piedmont which hroved
self sodevoed during the war; faithful to policy
during peace.
But the coincidence Of nearly all the Powers of Europe
in the double eleon Of Prince Couxa Hospodar
United Provinces and the fact that the difficulty par
which would be treated athe Paris Conference render
ed an abandonment Of that scheme necessary
The Italian question, therefore, began loom up prom
neny, and the multiplied aggreesous Of Austria Italy,
her occupation Of the Italian States her continued
patton Of the Papal States and her treaties with the
heads of the principal States, brought their
enormity.
The Italian question particularly fitted his pur.
pose for many Sardinia, Power threatened
by Austria, bad taken prominent part in the Crmean
and in the Paris Conference, and it the evident
determination OF Victor Emanuel, Count Cayour, and
the Marquis dAzeglo that Austria should be routed ont
of all Italy possible but out of Central Italy at any
rate. He had his influence with Sardinia by,
in the first place matrimonial alliance with the House of
Savoy-one of the Oldest and most distinguished families
OF Europe-tbe marriage of the Prince Napoleon
to Princess ClOthilde, which for long a time
kept secret, ard which solemnzed the 30th of
January In the second place he entered into alliance
with Sardinia whereby he agreed to protect her against
any attack from any source
On the 4th of February was issued the famous pam
phet, entitled Napoleon Ill ct rItalie' which, though
by many attributed TO NJ de Gaerroniee, bore evident
traces of the Emperor's handwork. It's evident tenor
TO lull the apprehensicns Of Europe while asserting
the French policy Of Intervention declared that France
desired for Rome but thesc three things
/. To conciate the regime of the church with political
ereta l.ral. pd tkaD nroa CtoVno
2. To render the Pope independent OF questions OF
tionaty, war; armament sod internal aud external de-
fence.
g. To establish a national army, and TO substitute for
French occupation an efficient Italian force.
And for Italy generally it averred that France had do
sired and Intellectually proposed to Austria
l. There should be secularzaton Of the administrative
power by the formation Of Council Of State composed Of
lay members.
Representation of all the interests OF the country in
Assembly elected by the Provincial Council, at
least chosen by the Pope out Of LET of candidates pre-
sehted by these Councils, and called 10 deliberate
all the laws and vote the budget.
3 To have enectua control exercised over local
peDses by provincial councils receiving their delegations
nom municipal councils who are themselves to be uamed
by the electors conformably the edct Of November a.
1850
a. judicial reform by the PRONUNCIATION of code of
civil laws founded the Cone Napoleon, the Lombardo
Venetian Code, or that of Naples
The regular collection of the pubc revenues by the
organization of the system existing in France.
g. The reconciliation of all classes and all opinions by
the enlightened and paernal exercise Of cemency towards
oil bose who may be willing to make their respectful CUB
mission to the Sovereign Pontif
1his pamphlet was simply epitome Of the "Idees
Nopclaoniennes' Of 1889, reproduced ls59-and the
lapse of twenty showed the designs Of the nephew
to be the same as those which he had been pleased
cribe 10 the uncle.
connection with these evidences that Italy was to be
the theatre OF the denouemen Of next European war;
the active war preparations Of France continued in
military and naval point of view, plainly indicating de-
mensely formidable, the navy was increased the army
ceved conscrpts the artillery service improved
the cavalry and infantry drilled, tn
rife bored, and and ingenious inventions added the
railroads and of communication prepared,
troops concentrated on the frontier and all the evi
dences Of active preparation given-he navy
rivallng that Of Great Britain. Yet the Monileur