The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-09-27
AFFAIRS IN ITALY.
NapOlcOn's Exp1nna tion OF the Treaty Of
Villa frnnca-Austrian Endorsement of
Hrs Idens-Intrigues In Central Italy
Speech OF Farlni ON Parmese Politics.
THE MoNITEUR ARTTCLE-NAP0LEoNs STATEMENT OF

speech OF FARM ON FarmeSe Politics.
THE MoNITEUR ARTICLE-NAPOLE0N'S STATEMENT OF
TIE MISSION OF FRANCE IN ITALY.
From the Paris Moniteur, Sept. 81
When facts speak for themselves would appear at the
first glance useless TO explain them Nevertheless when
passion intrigue dstort the simple incidents it be-
comes pdspensabe to establish their real in
order that every may be able 10 judge Of the progress
of events with full knowledge of the facts.
In the month of July last, when the Franco Sandman
and Austrian armies in presence OF each othor be-
tween the Adige and the Mincio the chances equal
on both sides for the former had on its side the moral
influence of successes obtained the latter army
ericaiy stronger and leant for support not only for
mdable iortresses but also the whole of Germany
ready at the first signal 10 make favor OF
Austria. Had that eventuaity been realized the Emperor
Napoleon would have been forced to withdraw his troops
from the banks of the Adge 10 direct them the Rhine,
and the OF Italy for which the has been under
taken would have been If not lost, at least seriously
compromised.
In these serious circumstances the Emperor thought
that would be advantageous France the first place
and TO Italy in the second conclude peace provided the
conditions eere in conformity nth the pFoamme chich he
lad imposed hine, and nsyi To The he aas1ea TO
serte.
The first question to know whether Austria would
cedc the conquered territory by treaty the second,
whether she would frankly abandon the supremacy which
50 had acquired throughout the whole Peninsula;
whether she would rseosnls, Tie principle Of an halian
whether she would consent 10 endow Veneta with nsu
tons which would make of a real Italian province.
Relative TO the first point the Emperor Of Austria ccded
without dispute the conquered territory and with regard
the second he promised the largest concessions We
nc,a admitting for her future organization the position Of
Luxembourg rs regards the Germanic Confederation; bhe
made The return Of the Arctkes 10 their S. sine qua
condition for these concessions
The question was therefore, very clearly set forth at
Vilafranca the Emperor Napoleon either to spuate
nothing for yenetia and conhnc himself to the advan-
tages acquired by his arms else in order to obtain i'm
poant concessions and the recognition of the principle
nationality he was to give his adhesion the
line of conduct for it was by contemplated
bring back the rchdukes with the assistance Of foreign
troops but on the contrary, to elect their return, with
serious guarantees by the free will Of the people who
4 for the interest OF the great Italian country.
Such, in few words, the real explanation of the
COLLATION. Of Vllafanca and 10 every impartial mind is
! evident that the Emperor Napoleon obtained by the
treaty Of peace - much, and perhaps more, than he
achieved by arms 1t must be admitted that it
not without feeling OF deep sympathy that the Emperor
Naroleon saw with what frankness and resolution the
Emperor Francis Joseph renounced for the interest Of
European peace and from desire TO reestabish good
latons with France not only of his finest provinces
but also the policy, dangerous perhaps bat not devoid
of glory which had secured Austria the domination Of
/ Italy.
In fact if the treaty sincerely executed Austria
would be the Peninsula hostile aud formida-
bic Power thwartng all national aspirations from Parma
TO Rome, and from Florence Naples; but she would.
the contrary become friendly Power since SIZE cdnsentsd
ntn9ly not 10 be any longer German Popsr this side
ghe flp aaa 70 herf deretope Naan nationality to the
| shores Of tie Adriatlc.
after the peace tho desns of Italy had been conded to
anxious about the future OF the common country
would have been todeveope and hwart the
quences Of the treaty of Villafanca What simple
and patriotic, in fact, than Austria sYou
wish TO see the Archdukcs returny Well be but then
execute faithfully your promises concerning yenitia let
her receive life OF her own; let her have Italian army
and AN Italian administration in word let the Emperor
OF Austria be nothing more on this side OF the Alps than
the Grand Duke of Venea the King Netherlands
is for Germany merely the Grand Duke of Luxembourg"
II possible even that, by Of frank and friend
negotiations, the Emperor Of Austria might have been
induced to adopt combinations in accord with the
desires manifested by the Buches Of Modena Parma
! After what had passed the Emperor Napoleon had
right 10 reckon on the good and patriotism Of Italy
and to believe that she would understand the handspring
Of his policy, which may be resumed these words:-
slpstead Of rsking European war and cons the
Independence Of his country-inscad Of expeniing an.
other 800 millions and shedding the blood 900 Of his
oiders, the Emperor Napoleon has accepted d peace
which, for the FIRST time for ages sanctions the nation
Of the Peninsula. Piedmont, which moro particularly
represents the Italian cause finds her power considerably
increased, and should the confederation be established
viii play the chief part it; but only condition Is i'm
posed for all these and that Is the restoration Of the old
! sovereign houses to their States.n
That language still believe win be understood hv the
SQUAD part OF the nation; otherwise, what will hlop,n
That the French government has already The
Archtakes viii not be brought back their Staes By
foreign force; bit part Of the conditions Of ne 1,s1cs Of
riHafyaaco being czscue the Eopco II 4uia vii,
find himself discharged from all The engagements taken in
fdror Of Veea. Dsquicted by hostile IL nonsratons on
the right bank Of the lS be win ks s forces on war
l99hpg on the leE bank, and seda Of p'cv o :9ncilia
tioi and 1eoc shall rccicet spir Q midAst md
hatred ,nich piu lead 10 rcs troubles md fresh dsdsrs
Some persons appear to hope much from a European
Congress We call for ourselves wi, all our wistcs,
Int ne greatly doubt that Congress caa oJaia any bitter
conditions foy Ndiy Congress only demand what is
ust and would be just to require important concessions
from great Power without Offering some fair compensa-
lion in reurn2 War would be the only means. bit let
italy acceive herself-tcfc but one Power in En-.
rope that makes for idel that Power Is France,
and France bas aceomglishsd her task