The Louisiana Democrat. [volume] (Alexandria, La.) 1845-1918, 1859-12-28

iVuliuit CullcOluchSts. ! -
jhe effect upon the existing slave would il posi- g
p, be still more deplorabie. At present he Is tp
eated with Kindness and humanity. lie is well Fl
d well clothed, and not oyegworked. His c0ndi 0
on is incomparably better than thai Of The coolies, a
,hich modern nations Of high civilization have
mpoyed as substitute for African slaves Beth Q
he philanthropy and the self interest OF the master
AVE combined TO produce this humane result. Bal
et this trade be- re0pencd, and what will be the
.Rlete The same to q considerable extent, rs on
,eghborlag islant---the only spot now on earth {
where the African slave trade is openly tolerated
md this in defiance OF solemn treaties With power
,hundantly able al any moment to enforce their exc
,Gtion There tina master, insnt upon present gain;
EFFORTS from the slave much labor as his physical
cowers are capable Of enduring thai, when
death comes to his relief, his place can be supplied OF
price reduced ia the lowest point BY The coinpeti'
zion Of rival African saveFnders. should TINS ever
liz the case In our countFy--whch dn not deem
pSsiblc-ihe present useful character OF the domes
Tic institution wherein these too old and too young
10 work are provided for with care and humanity,
and those capable of labor are not ovetaskcd would
undergo au unfortunate change. The feeling OF re-
ciprocal dependence and attachment which now ex-
lists between master and slave would be converted |
into mutual distrast and hostility.
But we are Obliged as a Christian and moral ma |
ton to consider what would he the EFF ct upon IN
happy Africa Itself If we should reopen the slave
trade This yeuld give the trade al impulse aud
extension which it he's never hal even in its pilmit
DAYS. The numerous victims required To supply II
would convert the whole slave coast into perfect
pandemonilm for which the collItry would b. held
responsible In the eyes beth Of God and man. lis
petiy tribes would then be constantly engaged III
predatory wars against each ether, for the purpose OIL
seizing slaves 10 supply the AmeFic1n market All
hops Of African civilization would thGs be ended
| On thr Other hand when a market for African
slaves shalt 10 longer be furnished In Cuba, ana mus
IN 4 Ms rt.p4lh
/ then indulge reasonable hope for the gradual inn
bereavement II Africa. The chief motive Of war among
The tribes will whenever there Is no logger any
demand for slaves The resources Of that fertile Out
miserable country might then be developed by iAe
hand OF industry and altTd subjects for iegltm To
foreign and domestic commerce. In this manner
Christianity aud cNlilhilion may GTahuaiE pehcHaie
the existing gloom.
The wisdom of the course pursued by this Govern
, n,ett towards China has been yirdicatei by the
! ryrDt Whilst we sustained Il neutral position III
| the war wagrd by Great Britain and France against
IN, Chinese empire our lae minister, III obedirncc
ia his Instructions ldieiously coJpcratcd with the
ministers Of these powers in al peaceful measures
10 secure by treaty tisllst concessions demanded By
The interests q foreign commerce. The rrstt IS that
satisfactory treaties have been concluded With China
; by tue respective ministers Of the United states
Great Britain, France and Russia. Our treaty, 81
general convention Of peace, amty and commerce,
with that empire was concluded ut lleIstu on tn
18th june 1858, ana was ratified by tle President
by and tn the advice and consent Of the senate ol
the 21st Of December following.
: Ga the 18th December, 1858, john f. Warl, di:
tinguished citizen of Georgia was duly commissioner
us envoy extraordinary and minister pienpotenlar.
Is China lie LEFT The Cnited states for th1 place q
his destination OF the 9th of February, 1885, bearin
with him the ratified copy Of this treaty. and ar.lve
!, | II Shanghai ON the ESth ct May. From thcEce Ii
y nraceeed 10 Hekiug the 10th Of Jue, but did NJ
Al ,tf, until In Nf
e tn tbn Terms of the treaty the Publications We're to
y ,yclapged on or before the 18th June, 1853. III
y ws rendered impossible by reasons anu events .,
~ v,ad his cUntlOI not necessary 10 detail put sun
y i due t. the Chinese authorities at shanghai 10 sat
= hat they always assured him no advantage snoul
al be taken Of the 'ehy ans 'hls piepso ' ''
~, fully redeemed. $500,
w IN The arrival Of Mr. Ward at Picking h6 requisite
~, an audience Of the Emperor to present MS letter
~ rrcdencc This hr did not obtain, in consequence
his very proper refusal to submit TO Inc huhhalh
10 ceremonies required by the etiquette Of tins sfan
~ ppople III approaching their sovereign Nevertheless
70 the interviews on this question were conducted
ss lhr InGst friendly spirit and Wtal due regard toi
le nrysonaI feelings and the honor OF his Country. Wit
-, a presentation to his Majesty WAS iond 70 be lin'
~, sibie the letter Of eTedcncr from Inc lresieLt
i,h received with peculiar hanors by hwelhlhg,
10 Emperor Is prime minister and the second man IN
afe empire 10 the Emperor himself" Th3 Publications
ne the treaty were afterwards. Oh the 10th Vi Augn
10 exchanged IN proper form al Pei.tsang. As the
INV change did not take plsee until after the day p
Int scrhed by the treaty, il is deemed proper, before
MI. publication, again 10 submit IL TO the senate.
III II Is Int simple Justice to the Chinese authoTit
nv to observe, that, Throughout the whoc tsi'sicti
re- lthey appear 10 have acted In good faith and l
,ar friendly spirit towards the United States II IS 4
o, this As been done after their own peculiar fashi'
-ny but we ought toregard with cnient eye the incl
Men customs OF empire dating back for thousands
nan years SO far rs this may be Consistent with our
Nh national homer fiio c0hduct Of or niiacr on
!. occasion has received my entire appreciation.
tia In orlnr 10 carry out he spirit Of This treaty
,h 10 give it full effect il became necessary In cte
,ra two supplemental convei.tions-the one Tor The
- jrsti,lalt and satisfaction of the claims Of chr
no. gets, and the oiher to fix the tariff on imports
any exports aud TO regulate the transit duties and II
las OF oar merchants with chUa This duty was 81
ry fdctOriiy performed by our late minister. iihse
on yenih,is bear date Mt Shanghai on the S Of SGyt
s,a- Der, 1858. Having bocI considered III the ligh,
M binding agreements subsidiary to the principal tFel
Gil aud to be carried alto execution without delay, Il
,n do not provide fer any formal ratification or eseht
,es oi Publications by The contracting parties. THIS
= /. not deemed necessary by the Chinese, who
aga already proceeding goJd faith TO satisfy the ella
VEN, Gf our citizens, and Il is hoped TO carry out
No. 4 nther provisions OF the conventions Sill thou
bna i; was proper 80 submit them to tha Senate,
v, which they were ratiled on the III March, 1859.
pni ratified copies, however, did not reach shani
t, until after the departure Of our minister to ek
tsr and these conventions could net therefore, be
Dni ch'ugeu AZ uf sai'o ''l; VIM 'uc t,'e'ai ue
linn exchanged by the Chinese Government, should
i,nn be thought advisable but, Under tho circansta
rrri presented, shall consider them binding eng
i'm luents from their date on both parties, and CT
nld them to be published as such for the information
be gubllce VI our iliFa'hDt' Ha'ihe WIN Inc 'h'
apis Empire. j5sf5-l .
81 IL N vnt,
irrvd atefus nie ui'fh aitai,c'i1i W ihloHih you
alton al our ulldutsS Win tiii hepupiiv ~ iai"s
Tbr have been satisfactorily adjusted II happily
,hisi not become Necessary TO employ the force for
MI m purpose which Congress had placed 81 my comm
,nrnt under their Joint resolution of 2d Jue la5S Or
contrary, the PRESIDENT If that Republic, III ffie
m in spirit acceded promptly to tho juat and reason
ltil It urhiihaS cl Tue Government oi Tue lhteu ~
~ Tie Our Commissioner arrived at Assumption, the Ga
t. lIs ii the Republic, the 18th Of January, 1859
wcl left il Oil the llth Of FebrGaiy having Iii three
,irom ably and successfully accomplished all the objec
will his mission. The treaties which he has concl
hay will be immediately submitted to the Senate.
, hest In the view that the employment Of other
r vel peaceful means might become necessary TO oil
will lust satisfaction from Paraguay, strong I
sf,g lUce Wits concentrated III the waters CT the La
state toawait contingencies whilst oar Ccmissoher asC
other ed the rivers 10 Assumption. The Navy Drpagt
M tLc emitted great credit Tor The pomptness ptici
thout ana economy WIN winch tnis eXpediioh was
,efy out aud conducted. II consisted OF 10 armed We;
,leal great and small, carrying go guEs and $3.50 me
ilI.er command ci the veteran and gallant Shub
nts or The entire expenses Of the expedition have bee
CURED III! eu out VI te oluafy appropriations iof ID
collar val ice, except the sum OF $50 00a uppli,
0lGiar Tue p enasc VI scfth VI le sle'ie, enstil
tn adj pat OF IT,, under the authority VI the naval IL
me IN prat0n act VI the I'd March last IL is believed
,r,spo thrSe steamers worth than their cost
Win or they ure all now lsefuliy and actively employ
scriba the naval service.
rhD Of cf I.p,fn fnynn tInI b,
Rrnci- ne appearance VI 80 #'se io.co, Htted
I'm OF FuNn polhpl iiiDhrr III tle lu instant wat
,nusps the Plata, and the admirable conduct Of tn
- GERS and men employed III IT, Lave had happy
an em ID favor Of our country Throughout all that re
yrrtir portion Of the world.
ltcr our relations with the great empires of Franc
coasts Russia, as well as with all other Governments
have tuh'hcu' VI ruiope, uhiess We iii! except u
been spain happily continue to BE- OF the most fl
roo or character
four In my last annual message IessLted q state
rnrfse OF the unsatisfactory condition ut relations
sith s Spii ana regret 10 say ttt inns mas mol mate
num- improved. Without, Special reference to other 81
even The " Cuban claims, - the payment vi whiu
,cpCb. been ably urged by our ministers and in which
c,i the than hundred u our CtlZcs directly Int
eemed ed remain unsatsicd, Notwithstanding bath
to de- justice and their amount (Sl4S,635 54) had
mgra. recognised and asceftained by the Spanish &c
d, ifr menI itself.
amt again recommend that an appropriation ba
Cd and to he paid 10 the Spanish Government Tor Ill
pose Of distribution among the claimants ill the
wer OF shld "sr. ~ t0Iiioa OF my prcuece
p,irbt entertain no doubt that tHs is required b
rs II treaty with spain Of tho nth October 1875.
,,rr,S failure 70 drcafgC this n9aIEil has been tl
~" ~ by the cabinet OF MaGrd Is a reason against III
,,,.,1,y ilerneRt Of our caiIms.
e mi need moi repeat the arguments which nrt
~, Il, my ls annual message IN favor Of the acqnis
ions tuba by fair purchase. My opinions OH that NJ
at u, remain unchanged. Therefore invite the scr'
tefittn ol Congress TO this important subject
,ht 10 1ut recognition ii this policy oh their part
th.r be almost impossible 10 institute negotiation
tr,,r any reasonable prospect Of success.
AiSis untl recent period there was good reason
t u, leyr that should be able 10 announce to you
-, present occasion that our difficulties with
nne Britain arising cut OF the ClaytGn-E1iwer treat
.e,,,s,. been finally adjusted, in manner alike hon
i ha and satisfactory to both parties From causes
!, ssII ever, whrhihe British Government had h0l
r ,.,, pated they have not yet completed treaty IN
ia,r.. inents with the Republics q Honduras aud
nm ragGa Ia pursuance ofthe understanding betw,
80, two governments. II Is, nevertheless, conf
'o expected thai this good work will ere long be
piished.
Whilst indulshlg the hope that 10 other stbjc
aai1ted tnasrIssi which disturb tho eeost nnsls
dny bttwpe the Two countries, the question arsir
I'd 81 of HE adverse claims OF the parties To the sl
from S,,, Lan. under the Oregon treaty OF the !
biting t,ne ,s16 suddenly assumed threatening
niied nanre IN order to prevent unfortunate e5hisit
! =. tf.u q , l.fp nor t.Tkr