The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-11-03

Respecting Slavery = tho Terr1teriss-De.
nsuness Popular ssvsrslgnty ard WssdeD
PHILIPPE TseasenabIc Destrlnes,
H., h., -.
large audiences assembled n the Musical Hall, Brook
yn last evening, under the auspices OF The Ashland Club
for the purpose a listening political address from the
Hon. Thomas Corwtn, Of Ohio. The meeting was orga
ni2ed by appointing the Hon. James Humphrey Pres
dent who, assuming the chair, said that be would not
occupy moment Of the time that belonged to their honor
ed guest
Mr. CoRwS then rose 70 address The multitude, and
received with loud cheers. He said that his hearers
knew that he had been accustomed 70 speak popular
assemblies for about twenty years Of HE Me, but they
must recolcct that the audiences which be had been in
the habit Of Addressing IN the Western coun-
try were composed generally Of tho refined,
tho learned and the polite inhabitants (Great
lauehter.) He felt awkward in addressing himself
10 the barbarians Of New York. Continued aughter)
He would try 70 bring himself down TO their Comprchen
sion well as he could (Uproarious laughter.) He
would lay before them what be understood To be- doc
tnes Of the republican party He did nct know what
they might DO in New york; he coua not tell what par
ticular dosyncrasy republicanism might ont q
the State where he well acquainted but far
he had been able to know the great doctrines upon which
that party rested before the people for hope Of
very much the in every part OF tho
United States where those doctrines tolerated all
Sor you know said he, II unhappiy situation at pre-
sent (and more so, think, than 1t has been in the
history Of our repubkc) TO be divided between
what is called North and South. These geographical
divisions Of the country haveno respect ordinary
rales Of geography. They comprehend In that word
South yearly every State that does happen have
negro slavery Of its institutions The South whe
Their be vest southwest south, compYehends every.
thing in this division Of politics where negro slavery pre-
walls There are many Of you who must remember the
hme when ts unhappy geographical division Of things
did not prevail in this country, have q great
mrny and elaborate discussions upon the origin Of
that peculiar Of politics which dcnominated now
Northern and Southern think at tho birth Of that
unhappy division IN the counses Of your country bear
ing some humble part at that time as . repro.
sentative in the lower house Of Congress from the State
of Ohio We know well that that grand fundamen-
tai constitutional truth, which H the great idea Of
the republican party in the United States tno
tho admitted doctrine and the cherished policy Of all
North as well as South, South well North. That
doctrine which excludes slavery from free territory
instance, 10 founded in the constitutional organism Of
this contrywas in fact instituted and snaugurated into
the policy Of the general government by Southern
themselves in vain to speak about the progress Of
society IN this country We may have held to the idea
that slave labor in some standing in opposition
or that theirs was diversion Of interest between the
u
labor by himself and the labor Of who was SER
yan4 IN other words, amount Of capital in the hands
81 his owner. We need not look back to the origin Of
this idea 1t unquestionably originated however, In the
Increased yaue Of negroes as the progress Of population
baa me no United 0 sa AND think now
never wonh have arisen. mean the man who invented
tho cotton GIN The poor fellow 70 blame for ~
tho only result which followed from !. was 70 raise
negro from the vslue Of $500, when employed In the or
brings " the market Which, Il he BE- an ssbcdsd man.
about from $500 70 81 400 has unquesonably done
cotton plant, and ia certain has revoautlonsed
the commerce Of the world. But ] do remember the
y s ysa ~ q yoa f my ,sS At ss may
! might be supposed not 70 intend treasont laush
terl-i Will now say seems At present to me
don't understand me as having any aliaon whatever
with John Brown--none, none. remember at that time
way of Carrying he State government by the enact
ncnt Of statutes under their organic law and called their
people together in the form Of convention That C1uven
on Ordained that the Revenue law Of the United States
then called the tariff unconstitutional They resolved
also that the constitution Of the United saes-whioh
some Of US may have heard last night pronounced
1imsy piece Of paper, that no consultation at all
but olay The echo Of a thought from tho pavement
that question tried in court think TINT the oonstu-
ton would turn out TO be something else than
sno q aSOnan @ CO casual
Mr. Corwn then entered into elaborate and able argu
ment to show the origin Of the conflict between slave la
Dor 10 the South and free labor In the North and proceed
ed to say that commended that the Congress- Of
United States had power TO prohibit the establishment
In their sovereign capacities alone had the power pre-
vent that Institution from taking root anywhere He
(Mr. C) one Of those who had reverence for
tho contribution Of his country he was one Of those old
foges who believed that the founders Of the republic
the makers Of tho constitution understood the organism
which they presented TO their children quite well
we old ourselves. He was Of those who had great
deal Of self sufciency yet be had found BY experience
brains in their headalas well as him-none Of them,
70 be sure, quite as much. Qaughter) The
ing Of It was better than we could tell what they
meant by reading It, altogether unacquanted with
this gentleman said the speaker placing his hand
who drew up the constitution should feel little emoar
raised to look him IN the faee and gay: sSF you are
such stupid ass that yop do not know what you meant
Dy tnese words a. we'll as l know by reading them"
Great aushter) You would think that accord
ing 70 The refined manners Of the West at any Gre
tween upon that very point, was also upon
the ohorDanely the power Of the federal government
ment and establish rs iastutons There again be relied
upon the cotempoFaneohs exposition Of the constiu
ton nom the earliest establishment Of the federal govern
Ment down TO the year 1852 The democrats OF the
North had said that the constitution Of tho Unit
cd States, instrument which, upon face said that
union among the States and 70 perpetuase the blessings Of
liberty and postariy forcver-that ucnsti-
one Of them to exert every faculty which they possessed
IN public private, for the ultimate extinction Of slave
ryt1at conetution we were told carried under itS
sacred panopy negroes into every foot Of territory be-
longing TO this government where State constitution did
not oppose nsurmountable barrier 70 IT, The speaker
asked the writer Of the constitution believed that when
he wrote those words there that Congress should have
the power make needfl rules and regulations concern
ing territory They had performed the great work Of
making the country in which he tho speaker) lived
forever free from the curse, as they thought, Of
negro slavery by the ordinance Of 1887, and
recognized that ordinance In the new constitution
ss an oil binding obligation upon tho government
What else did they do about that tme9 The State Of
diana, part OF the original Northwest Territory,
where about 1903 or 1904 peoned Congress- repeatedly
duction Of slaves, because, being country there
was scarcity Of labor. Yet, the very men who had
ply not that Congress had mot jurisdiction the Ter
rories, but that they not willing grant this
oke, In his report upon the petition, told them was
true that they were laboring undor disadvantages
away before the plough could be used, but they must