, 1859-04-01

parsson OF Soil and Erf<ns tcIsh Easiand
-Ltunf<fiAfo -Rfnaofa-E'ast HH<af Fitfds
ing ~ SIlarfs--LUsf or E.aru-housfs-7H<
Kirfr Ifitnots--Gioat Lntds Of La SaIf<--
Cor" tfarfh E'neforg.-Hloo".fnkton kton-!sxt-
Afs 0p<ratfo"s Gy Ffo~<rr !stift<,n<nt-Fn-
sfaHe< Df PArthase and Eosf Of .MnEfns n
Earm--Hfsfory The EARLY Settlers.
1spent most Of tllc montl, Of October in max
ing more minute and detailed examination Of
farming on the prairic, and will HOW usk the
rcader to accompany me in my ride, before
troubling hin, win tie figures aid conclusions
ut which l finally arrived. The railway shall
transport US freu. point to punt Oil the route,
aud very Hight wagon or carriage invariably
drawn br "span (as they ART called here, or
pair of light, active horses, Of great spirit and
endurance, shall convey lis hthrr and thithcr
ever the country in our inspection Of tile prairie
farms.
Starting from the northwestern point at Dun
lciF, the first halt We make is ut Mendoza, about
seventy nr eighty miles from the northern boun-
Diary Of the State. II is the point Of junction
with railway running westward from Chicago
to tie Mississippi. opposite Burlington il, Iowa.
This pusses through the military tract, unI tlie
country las lon.; been partially settled 1t is a
rIctl district Of prairie, very favorable to cuti-
ration. Travelled nearly 40 miles through this
part Of the country, and found the soil generally
rich ind deep, and the white clover aud snnn
grasses very healthy and luxuri:tnt. Some corn
fields nre Of uncommon magnitude; olle rust
sweep Of a.20o heres WAS all III new-suwn wheat,
sparkling sheet uf yerdure in the morning sun.
The towns most of which are not fur wears
old, are growing rapidly. mct carpenter
from Lanarkshlre, who had been settled in the
Country for twelve years. Thongll he had made
money he could not keep it, but he blamed him
s"li fur this as every steady man, he said. who
had cane I" this part of the country from Sc"t
land had thriren. Wages were 1T present lnw-
cr than he lad cyrr known them, q juurneynlan
carpenter receiving. only Is. day, with his
board. lie had seen nany instances Of men
getting themselves into difficulties by huyin:,
more land than they had ,,cans to manage and
pay for. But there is a plum of gping " shares"
III which prudent Scotch laburcr meets with
great success. He has farm given him to cul-
t.yaic, fenced. and broken up, and seeded lie
performs the rest Of tie labor and carries On the
farm, and PAYS his rent br delivering 1T tie
,scarcsr station the half Of the crop. This is I'LL
arrangement by which Il Steady man is snse
to succeed, aud tue owner Of tic land is also
well paid.
Tie carpenter was ut that time constructing
small farm house Of timber by contract. The
foundation was Of lnAson work, with large un-
derground cellar, the inside dimensions Of the
building bcing eighteen feet hy twcntv-faur, d.
vlded lnto two rooms aud L kitchen, with side
posts twelve feet high, boarded, latled, and
t.n n.s ra.r .ho ".sa ta s',s ,os
cn.t t,n hi h1,t i,,'1n" ~ nus. ,s 81;
IN siucr th,. .nnur, nn ai,'.ut ti1d 's''~
Following the route SGnthWnrd for sumo
twenty miles, We come to the Illinois River Ut
Nissssip,,i aft.r ro,rS,. If I'm ,n|ns I,,r;''',
,rhic]I II l1rrs ,,eur, III w., c,nt"r ~ 11l;'.;
;ncrr,siu., Il. ,ni,n;., h. ,f,o ,r,,nre ~
trjbliar;rs II hns lurt, nny;.,ut,.,l hv st,.,n;.
bouts for mauy Years, and furnishes 4 '' chcar
wafer communication fir ,h. intrrcl,.ut," IF
products anywhere alont, tlc iinc of The V;,sis.
irct in s,unuinv herr, was IN insntct th,. co,1.
| l1ul4. Of wlicl, In Salic is t},e ,,ra,t ccn1nr
| Tukin., wa-on ut flttav. ,yr rro<s,.,t tlo r;~"r
and .jroyr .Dm,. tpn ,niirs ,crn>S H.. ,,r,;r,
! through Il rand cnuntr:-o]l nccun;.jLl,;il ~.
reached ,hS lid of un;t],rr stream c,,1r,, I'M
Nj.r vr,u1;on x1,cr. In cn.l ,,,",.s ~ ~, "s
nrarnncc ~, th. snrf,c, ill.,, fr,u, H., :trai,
rn th rxcr s ,v.. cn,.r1 1 .'l ,f, .t S.t, ,a
nrue,rutcs a se,m If cou| n;u, f,e, th;cl -, ~
uated tI,at il drains itsrN Vc,r ti,is snmr ,i,
scans uf came, co,l Inv. 1,rrn g,mn, IN ~.
rart IF tI,. cuntrr Is ,rndr,,; viii co, With
NAV BE- mined wi,j, tht. greatest rast. ria ssr.
face is fine, rolling, fertile nraire: md tler. i
abundance Of limestone cyerywl'cre. Thr l.:
Sale coal field as ut present worktri- ,rn,}uca.
about Lon, tons of coaI week. and Is cu1,af,l,
Of any required extension.
Returning; +" utta"i; =; I visited Il manufactor,
E"r making starch from. 1rdiun cor,1. 1t is sitn
atcl udyantagrousy III u rood country fur ,u,r.
cllaSin. the corn and s1ith every advantage 4,
abundant water -lower,, and canal and railway
communication. Three kinds Of pro]uc1s ui,
manufactured, one Of fine starch. our of urli
nary starch, aud one fur making puddi,.s Ty,
pounds Wi 5ht If curu Weld nnc of starch, Til,
corn cs>ts furtlliuy, aud tue starch sells at III,
factory fur 3l. i pound, 50 that tllis bushes
should leave Il goud prnlt. There is sinlia,
work 1T Oswc:.,,, in the Siute of New Eurl,
which has PROVED yrsy profitable to It's owtcr.
Tie article Made there has f;mnd its way :,
England, il now extensively usrd nnt}rr n.
name Of "Coru Fond" and il hv p,nnv co,,s nv
si,ler.d more valatab]c md nutr;tfous tbnn ,,h =
arrow-root or Saro. This use If I,ulian caru !;
another Of lie many excellent nnr1ms,s snl,
served bv that mnSt productive Of iii .era;n
Crossing the Illinois River AT n Sa1Ir iv
the bed Of the stream, We Ind 4 fine yirw If III,
limestone bluffs which lrrc ri,,. IN n hr;o1,t ~
.nu feet After RIM soutI,wurd of somr S;x,,
miles. ] strppr.l ut N]oouinrtnn which * viii
in thu district Of whut is us,allv ,cctonri H.
richest territory in ,i,r State At his tinur;s,,
| inr and prrtty lawn had tI,c ,yood f,r,uno :,
obtain tltr Guidance nf y ,,r,,tl.,,',, of ,n,, ~
tr]Iireuce tntl ncul cxn,1i.nc, Ill.,, n;tas :. =
his twl, nersnn ,Lr yurons t,tnct;ons ,,s ha.tn
LAWYER iutI,,e and coinncl W s,,n,t +1a ~.
in ridin:, oyrr lin. conn,ry ,n T., "t,,, @ ., ~
farms aid falkintr viii tkr sr,tirs Ti!a,. ~ ~ ~
men chiefly from tllr S,,tt If Nm, WI a,,'
arr nil cuu,,},inn,r of III. l,s+ vhn,. hnr,,s -"
n mark fntaf iIii,1rc 1lr ,,;,nnnr ,f 49,, ~.
tlcmcnt thus told mr. his stnrv H.. c,n,n Inv ~,
four a,,,,. md was ~, ,;ucb n,r,ead III,
the land and situation th,t he ndv;snd IL nn;,l,
bur. in lin Sutc If Wv Yt,rt - linn IL f.,
amnlc H.. ,urcl,s,l y ;.n f,a-os' ~ ~ S -.