New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-10-22
NEW PUBLICATIONS.
CkREY'S SOCIAL SCIENCE.
pprwc,pLys or SOCIAL SCIENCE. By HWY c. c..
49, 3vo,. Pbil.a. lphs; }. b. LipPnoott L e.

Fin, Arics
Ship. are floating bridges. Captains, supercar-
poes and sailors, are but az the girders, ties
and strDg pieces the braces and the pins of the
bridge The ships that sail out Of New-York to
England are so many superficial square feet or
inches Of wooden road across the Atlsntic. How
many people have ever reflected upon the capacity
of this road How few Of our statesmen, or OF our
countrymep Whole relations impose upon them the
duty to study Public Economy have inquired how
much Of this highway would all Inc shipping o"no"
in America furnish forth
ia foot in length Of ship be equivalent to ten
tups Of IFS burden as is said TO be, to bridge the
Atlantic with vessels so a. 10 make road thirty
feet wide. would require more than sixty millions
Of tups. The total Ocean shipping tunnage Of the
word does not exceed FIVE millions, however.
Wberesbout in the two hundred aud fifty miles OF
incomplete Atlantic bridging thus to be made out
Of all the deep.sea vessels that float, our American
chips would end, like the exhausted resources OF
lumber yard, aid those Of England, France, or
other maritime European nation begin, 1t would
not BE- difficult TO cipher out. IL is principally TO
sir gle market, that of Great Britain that these
Ocean bridges lead, and sustain the exchanges OF
the produce Of the earth for Cloth, Iron Steel and
Crsckery. Were we to measure the distances
frcn Indis, China, Australia, and Brazil 70 Liver
pool, and add them to the length Of the way from
America, and cut up leDgthwi.e all the ships nov
aAost throus about the world and tree nail the pieces
upon the several lines of British maritime Trade,
they would not make a highway inch wide.
Yet on that edge the farmers of Illinois will eagery
send their Wheat and Pork What friction these
commodities are subject to! What friction aud
loss and hazard do undergo the unequal returns OF
Cloth and Iron received in this insane marketing OF
raw produce four thousand miles away from home.
No viaduct, no highway, no method of transporta-
ton, is so exposed TO damsge-none is so costly 10
its use-as is this narrow road OF planked decks
across the Atlantic. Storms OF wind, harmless To
the earth turnpike, break up this at every line OF
longitude along ali It's leDgth-Wet rot and dry rot
make necessary the renewal of every foot of It ev-
cry ten years--unskillful and Incorporate en-
ployees sink sections OF it to the bottom Of the
it has to ply taxes TO Governments, and premi-
uIns 10 Insurance companies, and commissions 10
middlemen-in war, it runs the gauntlet of floating
baiteries--in peace, disturbances of magnetic ac-
ton. spontaneous combustion and that kinded by
carelessIess or malice, mountains of ice on their
travels, the lightning, collisions in the dark, the
hard frost the soft snow, do all and each grit this
commercial road with never ending peril. Its mar
TOwness subjects it to clog with the periodical fire.
quency Of superintendent hsrvests. The bounty OF
Nature to the cutivators Of the soil gives oppOrtu-
nity ever improved to the owners of this high
wsy to increase ts tolls aud swell its expenses. The
Pennsy yanans around the city of Pittsburgh, who
By sblful and propitous farming double the yield of
the soil County never find the use oftheir
roads TO market made more costly to them by the
incresse of their crops But the producers OF Cot
ton. Wheat Rice and Tobacco, have grown fsmi
lar with the advance of freights as the nvariable
attsndsnt upon bountiful harvest. Crowding to
the market with their surplus products, they find
- they oft have found and will fnd, that the
capacity of their highway across the Atlantic is
unequal to the timely carriage of their property TO
The distant place where they have chosen to sell IT,
competition for the Of the bridge inevitably
arises, TO the great profit of lis owners and the
greater loss of the planters and farmers The msr-
kets to which they thus comparatively throng be
come suddenly glutted. Prices go down with
tumble But in the eauBt accounts Of sales, roights
Ale ever secured, and the Transporting interest IL
earched fret OF ali of that line Of parasitic middle
men, who live, and live fatty, upon the worlds mis-
fortune of the separation of producers from con-
suuers. But the loss which in these distant mar
kets thus falls upon the shippers of raw products
is double one. So large proportion of the pro-
ceeds OF the Gales OF their property is taken away
FROM them IN the form of freghts insurance
charges aud commissions, that they are disabled
10 buy what they otherwise would of foreign fab
Tics, paying therefor in exchange their faretched
and bulky materials, and to that extent making for
them an additions market. VIII there be any diff
fculiy DOW in understanding the remarkable facts
too frequently exhibited in the United States, that
when cotton cloth is chespest, the cotton plant
er can least afod 10 buy it, and that when refined
sugar cheapest, the sugar planter can least afford
to consume it
Upon thirty thousand miles of this expensive
Atlantic bridging, do the politically crushed farm
ers of British India have to send their Cotton TO be
woven into Cloth for them on English looms Ia
il 10 be wondered at, that the raw material which
the.e victims of Free Trade compelled by their
poverty and want of machinery to sell for three
half pence pound comes back TO them in himsy
singbsms and muslins which they have to buy at
fifteen and twenty pence pound Millions of
bushels of the yellow corn of Iowa sold by her
farmers at ten cents busbel, have gone 1000
miles upon this costly route 10 the cotton mills OF
Manchester, and have there paid, every bushel, for
several days Of labor on loom. That labor yield
ed hundreds of yards of cloth, which, sent back to
Iowa. has been bought by those very farmers st the
r L.. I g