New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-08-06
ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT
OF SCIENCE.
THIRD DAY.
SPRINGFIELD, Friday, June 8,

The Association met this morning q, lOl g. m. Tue
attendance was not 80 large "a yesterday owing per
Arr 10 the a,eness Of the hour at which most Ut the
members retired.
Prof. BAcHr Of the Committee on Arctic Expora-
ten reported that they bad co0persted win Df nay,
10 bis efforts TO fl out another expedition, Wncn na
become still more desirable from the discussion OF Df.
Ksoes observations. The Connn'''ee VOC
Adjourned to Moooay.
HATBEnAIICs, PHYSICS, AND ChLAi'ihi'
CAPT T.. r. HUsr in the char. oos
p,T Urspy ,poke 90 Meteorol)gy. He commenced
Nv sIloopg TO the meteorological obsefvslons "oiSn
lad been made in thus country by ne Cosst ourvsy W
s;sll. bv the Snthsooian Institution. Prot. CONN
the,e devoted hrs entire tine with corps OF asss'
ant. TO the reduction Of these observaons lie ooted
the lsber VI Others there were 81 oorerseis
tire tines d day. To trace out storms taiy
vs. reeofuI that they -houl] be followed into
the ocean; but they had rot yet been able 70
est.bh,h eoopera,,ve relations with those VINO
Asd the ueteoroogy Of the ocean particular
10 Ia charge The force of msteorology was the
Sea, Of the sun This wold produce current from me
psle TO the equator along the sn'ace o' Inc ear.pi
With an upper returning current, were DOT that al
The Air of the eauator could Lot tint room a. nowed
towsrd the pole al forced 10 return. For SIM
ks reason there similar system WITHIN W degrees
Of tbe roe Between these another systen, woicn
Wa o,dinery the reverse of these but was often re-
ye,sed Mr. Espy attempted TO shoT that tbe nest
evolved by the condemnation Of vapor mo reo Almost
constant along the Equator, aided 10 proouceR toy'e
..us,ts Auofbe cause the tendency, IRON the
= anon of the earth Of north ward current TO be de-
a<ct,d 10 the eastward, and Of cnnent 70
b. d. fected TO the westward in the Northern mems
pbsre). The movement OF the AR currents sun re-
ppm,ed TO be examined by balloon and calculations.
a. the Equstor was q rog OF ciouo, some
zoo or 500 miles wide. To Mr.. T. Ply We oTed tne
OF the fec that an upSao current always
pr'duced rain. We had this ascending carrent a. the
nd this the why WHO'S DOWlDS
~ the tides Of mountains condemned tDeir vspor inu
rsn 1t had been supposed thst the lower currents oil
air towaro the EQUATOR crossed eech other "a they ros
he could not believe it, the magnetism of the air could
proe uce 10 m,.ion. Prof. Henry gave resume OF
toe zee IN currents He stat. that The average VINO
Of the north temperate zone was south-R e't soou'
m OOO feet beh was west, and still higher north'
ves. He had conferred with Mr.. Wise, and be
that the of the proposition TO cross the
ocean in q balloon was by no means ioprobaole lilo
looked upon the balloon as very inPortan. ins,lu
neDt in ueeOroogy, and the obs rvahons oil mr. wise
lad been If great value. Besides these, regular cur
rents We bad inmense disturbances storms "h'ch were
secular to our coaLtry and we were oeer stuaeo W
study them than the meteor ylogs's OF Europe Ihey
vsrc living on the western side Of continent, and the
storms which came upon them they could not study
before they came. He thought thai the upward pio'
Won Of the air wa the most active agency 10 s,orns
Al Their approach the barometer fell the Thermometer
and the hydrometer rose The ar At the sufsce grew
sultry, became sbnonslly heated anf saturated WIN
moisture, unti at last II forced path up lnroogn
Hn9 serene, eaktW6fu UONiuS CuIIcnt. hhc up
vsId-ru, hing al, reduced the barometer very nuch
An n edjstely III der IL. very rapid upward cnrrebt
prcouc tud0. and int. nse cold wouo form hsu, oy
which the air would be thrown down until the neral
power Of the current tos ed il up again. Prof wise
kad assured him that once, when balloopng, he wa'
saugbt tbundershowsr, and was taken up three or
-four tin es and torowp out each time so cucua'lng
jsa hike a bsil storm. Prof. Wise wss very anx'ons
HAT be- should Join him in gorg mo athunder-sbower
Prof Henry explained tornaooes and water spouts Dy
s more in ebs. acton Of this kind Most of the tee-
s,sph companies south Of Nes England and east oi
The Mississippi sent to the Smithsonian ins''u .o"
weather reports every day. and one of the most ner
setipg objects they had TO show was map on which
they placed small cards, green over place where II
,nowiug, black where It was raning brown wneie
r. was cloudy. and white where 1t was clear. by tnis
Information he vas generally able TO foretell the
weather II hours. He traced the particular wave Oh
very cold weather Last January which spent the on
The Saskatchewan Valley and among the SAINTS 10
Utah and gradually moved towJd toe south as lar as
ye,e zues and too ard the East reschiDg Cape Race
on the 18th, where it passed of the continent. ne
explained other maps, all showing that speus o,
Ves,hsr" hot or cold came from the northwest aod
spresd out to the west aud SOUTH arriving al Venezn-
IA the Bernudas and Cape Race in about a week
Prof Henry exhibited sohercna map OF the United
GVee the first which had been reduced 10 'oe sve OF
Hhe sea IL shows d marked trend 10 the porthSa
ojos the elevated regions Of the Rocky Mountains
aaS the Cordileras. This is explained pnncipaiy oy
the fact that very little heat was there consumed 10
tne evaporation of rain. He also exhibi ed an agfcu
tural map based the auount of rainfall, showing
The the prairie and the barren regions OF the
country. He thought that good deal IN ght be oooe
in the region Of Iowa by planting trees 10 r.. sud
g. W. drs c,ion, that the cold WIND should De smut
ont and the warm s. w. wisd be admitted
Judge BUTLER sbu,ed scientific men, aud made an
offer oi $50 cloud foe every cloud which or'gloatei
within H. 600 feet Of the earth and 900 above
&hs stratum in which It originated lie was DOWN on
ths Haley theory" lie asserted that under tins
very equatorial belt of raGs where the er was so not
according 10 the theory which had been advanced, 1t
vas much cooler than on either side.
Prof HENRY said that he had read Judge Buffers
work and he believed hat h,s views We're in confirm
alton Of the theory which he had just illustrated An
Ia meIse amount of latnt heat was evolved py the
dtpceitio1 Of so mu sh rain.
tucge Butler insisted that this latent heat was al
Aunbus; ns,eai Of a bslloonist being bored above
thupder cloud he ofieper pelted with halstones
. Prof: Looms gave his nat 10 the theory advanced
by Prof HepIy
FRIDAY MoRSISG.-SATURAL HISTORY.
Prof ANDREWS being called TO the chair, Prof. j.
W. DAWSON Of Canada resuu ed his paper on the Car
osifcious Fora of British America He recaptulated
the resus OF hs original and ingenious MICROSCOPIC IN.
vestgstin Of the Organic ssue revealed 10 the mineral
charcoal, accompanying btuminous coal when mac
Grated in nitric acid, and the necessary differences
COZ cenpg the plants Of the coal aud the process
of cabonz alton the boanics and physical character
Of the ia meuse s~sups In which, by the decay OF
many generations of cyptogsmous aud gymno'
sperInons plants, the beds OF bitumnous coal were
formed.
DIR. j. H. GInBox in az interesting historic Al paper,
gu ted TIE of several travellers, showing tina
lpdi.n corn tzea mays is probably indigenous 10
Africa and Asia a. wei as to Amerioa contr nug the
inference by comparison of their accounts with the
moot ancient records Of literature and monumental To-
scriptons. One point in this comparison excited a
emile. 10 which the Doctor endesvoreo TO show that
the mama Of the Wilderness may have been indlao
corn. and cou pared the Israeies loahug the heav.
epy gift TO immigrant lrishmen rejecting the use oil