The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1859-11-30


pursuits and interests would languish If thei
agricultural operations should decline. The
have ayalled themselves not only Of the at
mosphere, light, heat, the rains and dews
in cultlyating their fields aud in adding uni
lormlty aud beauty to their landscapes, bu
they have sought out inventions with whicl
to till the EARTH 90 Tighten the labor of maj
and beast, and, by thorough pulverzatiol
and cultivation OF the soil, to draw from i
the largest quantity OF produce with the leas
injury 70 the soil itself. Whenever the bu
siness Of cultivatng tie earth begins 10 lie
cline IN Great Britain when their people
come, il they eycr should come, to attach
more Importance 10 commerce than to TIT
means OF commerce; when they come II
think more OF their ships than Of that inter
est which feeds the people and ireights the
ships, then may il be said of her. as Of other
nations in which the commercial feature pre-.
dominated
That Trades proud empire hases 10 swit, decay,
y ocean sweeps the lahored mole away;
While selt-depeadent power time defy;
Is rocks resist tie pillows AMI the sky"
THIS " self-dependent pawer" belongs
the same area Of Great Britain, North Caro-
lima has as good lands as hers were original
"; as many minerals and in as great abun.
dance; latitude better suited TO the grape
and other fruits Us many. II not more iacill-
ties for manufacturing and four great sta.
piles foreign u British soil, to- wit rice, to
bacco, Indian corn, and cotton. England is
an old, ours is new country. Our pnpula-
ton Is about twenty TO the square mil. ; il
equal 10 that OF England, sixteen millions oil
human beings would swarm upon our sur.
face. Only about one-slxth OF our entire
area i ~ cultivation; every square yard IT
England serves some purpose Of adornment,
profit, or utility. Comparing the two coun.
trles-lhe natural resources, the advantages
we have over her in climate, in the loar
great staples, IN our species Of labor, in our
exemption from rental charges, from the
burdens Of Church and State, and from the
blight 0f ab,enteelsm and privileged orders
what great and glorious future is before
Us, II we are only true TO ourselves:
All soll,, TO be productive. must possess
certain properties or elements. Organic or
vegetable matter must exist in due proper.
tons with earthy Or Inorganic matter. Tnere
must be what the chemists call phosphorus,
sulphur, potash, soda, lime, magnesia. iron,
SHEA, and alulnina. A good fair s0il, for
example, contains seventy four per cent. or
parts or silex Or sand. five parts Of organic
matter, fourteen Of alumina and peroxide Of
iron, and not merely traces but small quan.
l'ties Of phesphnric acid. lime. magnesia,
potash, and sndi-making in all the one hun
bred parts OF any given quantity. Different
KIND, Of plants require these properties in
different proportions. The grains, c0bs,
hdsks, silks, leaves, stalks, and tassels III
corn, Tor example, are made up of different
properties, each one containing its own pro.
per quantity. Fhp grams and cob both con.
tain potash and snda, the grams more Of each
than the cub. while the two contain the same
quantity Of lime. The leave. take up silica.
potash and soda in large, and lime and mag
neaIa IN considerable proportions. Wheat re-
qalres silica. lime. potash, soda and phos.
phnric acid in large proportions; the silica
lnr the straw. and the other elements men.
TONED for he grain. The fifty.eighth part
in one hundred Of tue potato il potash and
soda. The tobacco plant contains iorty-
eight parts OF lime, four Of potash, six Of
soda. nine 81 magnesia, fourteen Of ph0s-
pilates 81 lime and masnesia, eight Of sui.
phurlc acid. aud four u silica. The cotton
plant, with the seeds. abound. 10 lime, pot.
ash. soda, and maeHesia.
Nav, these are bard names, and the prac.
tical fauner may De curious 10 know in what
respect they affect his business; but they are
not more difficult 70 he agricultural chemist
ahl the thoroughly scientific farmer, than
compas.es and planes are to the carpenter,
pr chases az shooiiHg-siiuks to the printer, or
adyDwsnns, detlnur, or irGyef to the lawyer.
Every practical farmer, who has succeeded
we'll ~ his vocation who has male good
crops. and n the same time preserved OF in.
creased the original fertility Of his land. has
,Faiieh himself Ut tie elements or agencip,
Just referred 10. He may not have known
'he-e agencies Or elements By name, aud ~
nav haze attached but little importance 10
that y called book, or scientific farming
Fet. whenever be ditchel, or drained, ~
lloughed horizontally, or thoroughly culti.
fated his land ,--and whenever lie appiieI
rr'iliEers 10 Il. whether IN the form 81 sta.
''e lnannres, lime. plaster, guano, or green
;rops turned ~, lie practiced the principle,
Il agricultural chemistry, aud was, to that
extent. scieatiIis farmer.
IN order 60 produce. az we have Just stated.
here must be-. fryt, fertility IT .prl-thIti i,
suitable suil Tor ;he seeds planted second
warmth Third, moisture. The air I. re.er.
.or Or holder aud dispenser II substances
shIch Improve ihp soil. and water il the me
ltUnl Ut communication. Earth. ar, water.
ight aud heats these are the agent. III the
slinfatsfg 1T nature ~ which production IA
maintained Withust lie rartby
,rgabic maiter--stihnut light AMI heat n
lne proportions -aithOut the ammonia and
.atbonic acid Of the atmosphere. and without
sater, Which hold. bDth ammunia and car.
,nnic acid 10 ISOLATION. and, in descendipg.
mpari. i 70 vegetation, the husbandman
you'd plant ~ vain. Fnr..example, tie soil
: prepared. aud a gain IT corn - deposited
. the ground. Under the influence Of
WARMTH ard moisture it expands and mani.
ests life Grsisallt bat surely, obe,iny
IL life principle Infused iHio il by tie Gre.
tive hand, Il first send. is rOOts doansard.
nd iA.ten. Il il the sni, while il .l,op,s On