The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1859-06-24
TUE DUSP A T tl,. ~
vpYn.y MORNING ..............'.'.-' -. 'oNt -.
THE ..,ARBoNARI.


This Ia the name of secret '''lia" 81
c;etv some of whose laemeers are s"o,"
assass;na,e whoever may be doomed 10 dea''
- .,,o a,no,axe It is Sid that Louis Ma
.s,aan once belonged to III is osder, aud tha'
he was formally tried few sars ago anu
.a,ao,onca to death, Orsi1i and Pierri
being the appointed execute ners' How
ever this may be, i, is a formids 'oie associa-
ton and some facts connected " 1th It's his
tory will not be without interest," at ms
time.
A work on Carbonarism, written oany
wears ago, states that the society deo uce
their origin from the medieval hohter, 'T
charcoal burners in Germany, who united I
themselves together in their vast forests, by |
signs known only to themselves, for mutual |
protection against robbers and enemies
This association spread over Germany,
France and the Netherlands. For many
centuries il existed in a peaceful and phi
lanthropic manner, occasionally interfering
TO prevent gross acts Of injustice. In France
they were called the Chdrbonnjers local
bnrners) Ii is not known when the Car
bouatf. ~ the word is Italianized, intro
duced their lodges into Italy, but, it is be-
lieved. many secret associations of like
character, existed there previously to the
sixteenth century. TWAS not until the first
French revolution, that the Italian Carbon
ari acted any conspicuous part among the
secret societies OF Europe. Then, desiring
10 carry into practice the theories OF Rous-
seau and of the ultra republicans, thew
banded themselves together for the purpose
of revolutionizing Italy. Napoleon, how
ever, performed that achievement himself,
retaining the country for himself and bis
family The Carbonari were instrumental
in bril- ing about bis expulsion from the
peninsula. They had hand in the revo-
luton of Milan, on the goth of April, 1914,
when the French government was over
thrown. In 1915, Maybella, one of their
most efficient supporters endeayored 10
rouse Italy to independence. In that year,
the lodges of the Carbonari were established
in the Papal provinces. Attempts were
made at various times TO suppress them, but
the societies increased. In July, 1920, they
numbered 642 900 members, and nearly 400
lodges. They have stimulated every at
tempt which has been made for Italian in
dependence, and have sworn never TO desiSt
till Italy shall be free. Naples was at one
time the headquarters of the association, but
Sa.ermo has since superseded Naples, and
now, since the suppression of these secret
societies by the late king, they are held in
secret, in places known only TO the initiated
1t is believed that half the male population
of the kingdom of the two Sciies are in
terested or concerned in them, directly or
l11J
the Carbonari of the rest of Italy. The fol-
lowing oath, after the performance of various
ceremonies, is administered to the candidate
for admission to the rank of apprentice:
LA. b, promise and swear upon the general
statutes Of the order aud upon this STEEL the sveuE
ing instrument Of tho peFjursd, scTupulously Il
keep the secrets of Carbonarisw; aud mother *
write. eusrsvs or Prin', anything concerning it
without having obtained . written permission.
swear TO help my good cousins in case of need, 81
much ~ ia me lies and not to ATTEMPT anything
against the honor OF their families consent apt
wish, il l perjurs myself, that my body may be GU
in pieces. then burnt and my asbes scattered t,
the wind, ia order that my name may bs held III
to the eXecration Of the Good Cousins Throughout
the earth. So help me God.
The ceremonies for the initiation OF
candidate for the rank of Master are Of tn
most profane and blasphemous character. -
The Grand Master puts on a robe and take
the name of PLATE; the First Counsello
that of Caiaphas; the second that of Herod
the Adept calls himself Chief of the Guards
the Master of the Ceremonies the Godfather
the Carbonari, generally, the People. The
follows revolving and horrid imitation c
the trial and crucifxion of the Saviour, al
ter which the candidate takes the lollowin
oath:
l, A. D promise and swear before the Gran
Mater VJpiysran I'd M homo
and upon this steel, the avenging instrument
the perjured, to keep scrupulous!y and inviolabl
the secrets CT CarbOnarism. never to talk Of tho,
of the apprentices before the PsGsns, nor of thos
OF the Masters before the apprentices. As sIa
not to initiate any person, nor to establish Yer
dita, without permission, and in jdst and perfet
Dumbor-not TO write or eDxrsve the sscrets-i
help, even with my blood, il necessary, the Goo
Cousins Csrbonari, and to attempt moth ing again
the honor of their families. I consent. If pei
juro myself, ssto have sny body cut in pieces the
burnt, and the ashes scattered to the wind, th,
my name may remain in execratiou with all IL
Good Cousins Car bonari spread the face of 81
earth 50 help me God. The Roman Carbona
aid also swear never TO dvuigs the secrets
the society, and to labor day and night for the o.
trpation of tyrant'; and consent, If periul
myself, to submit to the punishment Of death b
poiso0, aud to have my flesh burnt by a red b.
iron.
The signs and secret words of the orde
were disclosed on the trials OF some of til
Carbonari, and the spies of the police cor
lrived to find out all the mysteries of th
rociety. 1t processes to have for its sol
object the independence of Italy; she i
spoken of in their mysteries by the hol
name of mother; and her resuscitaton,
is predicted, will be at hand when th
cock shall crow afresh; when the eagle
shall fight; when the bulls shall wrestle
when the harp shall provoke the doIphins
when the moon shall be covered will
blood; and the barque shall remain
aground" This is the mystical mod
adopted by the Carbonari of mentioning tn
different nations of Europe. They have
code Of laws which intlicts penalties for vic
and immortality, but the greatest crime i
treason against the society, or against lber
ty and republicsnism, and this is visiteC
with death.
Mazzini, the patriot who has left hi
country for his country's good, and VIII,
fights the battles of Italy in the streets O
London, is believed to be an active memhe
OF the Carbonari. He has lately issued
Pronuncidmenfo, impugning the motives G
Lonis Napoleon, and declaring that hi
success can only result in n change Of mas
tiers for Italy. All which may be very tru,
nut better any master than Mazzini and tn
Carbonari! ~
COAL.
The coal of England is one of the bros,
est and deepest foundations of her nation