The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-07-27
The RsvoIutsnaxy Element In the Late
War.


S g time before tho war Prince Napoleon,
W. plays the part Of the heir apparent liberal
he Napoleonic dynasty, entered into commu-
cations with the italian Revolutionary Commit
tee In London, and entente cordiale vas soon ar
ranged between them, all the leaders except MAJ
zini entering into the scheme. The French red
republicans, who have long been becoming more
dim before the Frightening glories Of the empire,
were of course ignored; but there was another
element among the revolutionists whose co-ope-
ration 1t was desirable to secure. This was the
Hungarian element Difficulties for some time
stood in the way of q determination between the
first Of absolutists and the selfstyled liberals of
Hungary. The chief of these difficulties undoubt-
eddy was the absurd aim Of Kossuth to be sove-
reign of the kingdom of Hungary. This not
only did not accord with the sagacious views Of
Louis Napoleon, but it had sown great dissensions
among the Hungarian liberals themselves This
diffculty was skilfally got over by the stipula-
ton on the part of the French Emperor and the
Hur garians that Hungary should have the right
of choosing her own sovereign. This united the
hitherto divided Hungarians, and brought them
all into the French alliance.
The part which the revolutionary element has
played in the war has been telling one. Italy
has ey erywhere poured out her youth for the
battle field, and they have been slaughtered by
thousands. The italian National Committee has
iabored heartily and successfully. Garibaldi
has proved himself one O. the right arms Of the
liberating Briareus, and fully justified the posi-
ton he took when upbraided for entering SER
vice where Louis Napoleon was supreme. ~
look upon him." said he, 'as means which Di-
vine Providence has created for the liberation Of
Italy, and as such I avail myself Of him." The
Hungarians have played no lees important
part Count Bethlen was placed on Louis Ma
poleon's staff, Count Kiss accompanied
Prince Napoleon to Tuscany, Klapka began
to organize the Hungarian legion at Genoa,
and Kossuth went to Parma, where he played
the king and fool with guards and royal para
phernalia, just as he did when he first came to
New York. The fidelity of the Hungarian regi.
ments in the Austrian army was shaken, and
Hungary itself was flooded with revolutionary
proclamations This diminished the disposable
forces of Austria for the campaign, by rendering
the presence Of large army necessary in Hun
gary, just as the placing by Russia of corps of
observation on the frontier of Gallicia rendered
another Austrian army necessary there.
Thus has the revolutionary element contributed
to the recent result of the campaign in Italy.
The question now is: Will it be satisfied with
what has been achieved? We think that for
the present 1t will. Recent revelations show
that what has occurred was foreseen and pro-
vided for by Louis Napoleon. In the arrange.
ment with the National Italian Committee it was
stipulated that should Louis Napoleon wish to
make peace after the liberation of Lombardy
he could do 60. preserving the boundary of
the Adige, and leaving Venetia to Aus
t1ia. This is what has been done. If the great
quadriiateral is divided, half of it, with Pes.
chiera and Mantua, going to the new kingdom
Of Northern Italy under Victor Emanuel and
hall, with the fortreeses of Verona and Legnago
remaining to Austria, this division of the his
toric square, which has hitherto been looked upon
as menace for Italy and for Germany, con-
verts it into respective defence. The stipula-
tons with Italy have been fulfilled, and thus far
even with moderation on the part Of France, for
she has not demanded Savoy for herself and
Tuscany for Prince Napoleon, as was agreed.
These points have probably been left to be
arranged with the whole italian Confederation.
1t may be that the Hungarians profess dis
satisfaction at the early conclusion of the was
But that this will be 80 is not certain nor is the
probability borne cut by past events and the re-
Violations that have thus far been made. 1t has
nowhere been stated that Louis Napoleon agreed
to liberate Hungary, and the proclamatIons Of
Kossuth- particularly the one he sent here-are
conditional in their promises and contemplate
only possible movement. 1t would seem that
he went into the conflict with two certainties
only: one the reuniting Of the liberal Hungarian
leaders with himself, and the other the infection
of severe wound on Austria. Both of these
have been attained. Austria is humbled, and
Klapka and his friends labor henceforward Joint
y with Koasuth for their common country.
One other great result has been achieved for
the revolutionary element of Europe, by the
skill with which Louis Napoleon has managed
it. The really good, progressive and construc-
tive portion Of it has been separated from its
baneful contact with the destructves. Mazzini,
Ledru Rollin, and the frebrands who proclaim
that the people Of Europe viii require no arms
to protect their rights as long as ucifer matches
exist, have been left stranded on the reefs of
Time laid bare by the advancing waves of pro
gress In public opinion. The italian portion of
the constructives have now work to do in the
erection Of the fabric of the Italian Confedera-
tion- They must remember that such work
cannot be performed in day, and that salts
fed nationality is thing of moderation in
change and measured steps in growth. In thus
demonstrating his skill and ability to mould the
present into accordance with the future, Louis
Napoleon is proving to the dynasties and nations
of Europe that he is the bridge Of safety which