The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-10-19
The san Junn d. Monltr.

The sam Juan ID Me.lty,
Loap Y. sEnsros's NEW orr .H@N ON THY sousDa-
Ky pIsrtrs--ThE ESTRANC 4 no sucA snsars AN
9.1n ,ue London Pest or 1pr,aent oreas), Oct ~
a contemporary has rec ATTY put fcrwstd IN mnr
unnecessary, aud therefor whs,y gra,iys manner,
areu.ncn founded upon te oregon ,resty of istesan
argument which, sus' dnatic by pabic law, woa'dcNe
die United States abso are copinanG 81 Scs straits aud
taus render the sovc icynty OF san Jsan isanu mat
TER Of nie or no i'm S,vanoo TO 'hs country; Ihere are
ffosa the north OF W. couyers lsiaia through The d
cult and dangerous archipelago wtrch extends IOWA the
Georgia. Cali eff rasers Rivcs and the
ether from the sovo varcovcrs Island throvgh Fueas
SraFs which has bccl described as lone OF the finest
water COMMUNICATIONS in the We; Id Ourcos Temporary
sss that if tho boundary fixed by the treatytne forty
uinth para8heH been EXTENDED beyond the coast, the
whole Fucas Straits and the Eng isn
srrory on the mainland would be surrounded by the
sbminons "a tic United states and that, according To
cusvey belong that Power The mistake made by the
writer in the Times appears 60 be trishe applies the
utterly beyond jsaItion Of cny Of the lao Of
natiors 20 sstert0,n Questions OF boundary between
isg such e,satle arrangement the posye Of te's,sord
qnae true that questions relating OF the sea,
esuares bays CULTS and rivers have been decided in
Admiralty ioati; but those decisions have related
70 the validity Of prizes, TO neutral rights and 70
gay JURISDICTION s In shese cases the doctrine Of
Hree miles from the coast, a shot from the
shore has no doubt been considered and acted upon
But the assumption put forward by contemporary rs
incorrect point of fact. II the parallel had been ex
tndcd The southern and more valuable portion OF Van
souvers Island would be United States territory but
was expressly 10 provide against the Inconvenience of the
divided ownership of the island that the Aberdeen
promise made-England on the one hand surren-
derng most important district on the main land which
had long been in the occupation of the Hudsons Bay
Company and the United States the other conserving
b waive their claims 70 that part OF Vancouvers Island
which the extension of the parallel would have given
hem. Sensible reason upon existing things, not
upon hypothesis which might have been erained
hEs enough ten or fifteen years ago II.
covered by pilot of the name Of San Juan do
Fuca, in the year 1892. Dr. Travers Twiss, in his
nfla thc 0rapo nactiop xhathe To
Fuca ever performed the voyage which attributed 10
ham; but it quite clear that whether rightly wrongly,
he has given his name to a strait and to island, both
OF which have now become of deep Importance and in
srest to the people of England and the United States
1he treaty OF 1916 gives the whole Of the Island of Van
10 England. The northern entrance to the straits
English just the southern is American and there
10 the vorld unless indeed modern Sden should for
Re qualification Of American cdnty attempt to proue that
e uohole 81 this sea is mare eausum in sottch England,
France Russia has right to enter the "three mile
rule be mentioned in connection with the dispute beg
Jurisdiction upon any such pretcnce Commodore
Wilkes, an American officer writes The strait of Fnca
be safely navigaed The entrance is about miles
N width, and varies from that TO twenty with the linden
taons Of its shores running south east for upwards Of
exceed the beauty OF these and their safety
not shoal exists within the straits of Fuca, Admiralty
there country the world that possesses equal
70 these" 1t is because do desire England
deprived OF these advantages of this splendid and safe
to British Columbia and the gold regions Frasers
rather should the unnecessary suggestion of
element OF further complication and difficulty which has
NO foundation in fact or in law.
We also strongly inclined doubt the policy or the
good taste of those observations which mpute the
proceedings OF General Harvey at San Juan taste for
hhbustersm. General Harvey is 5an ambitious and
wealthy soldier of the regular army, and he may have
Great Britain would render his name popular in the
United States and perhaps open for him easy path
have been mixed up with the dispute-one which
om the arrest of United States subject by officer of
the Company is quite time that the Hdsone Bay fac
tors and srrants should Be reliered from the errce Of all
ssl political functions. The license trade in the
by statute the Crown is authorized to
appoint magistrates throughout those territories. 1t
act of officer of the Hudsons Bay Company may
have led to the offensive and unusfabe act Of which
General Harvey has since been guilty. Mr.. Buchanan,
glad say has given satisfactory
ahe question has and viii be tmperately considered
Washington by the selection Of General W. Scott for
Aisson the duties of which require great camness tenn
and discretion General Scott has long held the Office
Ame when sympathisers for the United States invaded
Canada and otherwise aided and assisted the Canadian
yebeis General Scott endeavored to enforce with all the
means in his power the neutrality of his country He
Of tried honesty and Of high honor, and his selection
regard not only rediote to the President,
bat likely to bring satisfactory termination a dispute
which has ALREADY been too loTg and too angy a9iated
LORD DERBYs SURVEY OF THE DISPUTED TERRITORY
LORD AsHBURToN's GEOGRAPHY VERY NAoCU-
RATE.
IFrom the London Herald Derby organ) Oct IL
When Sir Bulwer Lytton contemplated the foundation of
Britlsh Columbia he made mlnd hrst
The colony should be- as FAR as possible sell supporting
The lavish expenditure of former times he peremporny
Forbade and when Governor Douglas applied for OF
200 oo6 as gift loan be repaid hereafter he
met with distinct refusal The Colonial Secretary broad
ly replied that the colony must depend on its
ces, not external aid from the mother country How
ever some aid was furnished for military and naval de-
fence and for the maintenance Of Internal order, while
corps Of Royal Engineers and body of Sappers and Mi
sent out to form roads and generally TO facilitate
into the ns The DG military pay Of this ro
itself at the commencement, but while making that
cesson Sir Bulwer Lytton stated ~ shall expect that the
proceeds from land sales which the appropriate fund
for all collateral costs Of survey will suffice provide
these Objects and should regard any advance that
score temporary accommodation to be betrayed from
the earliest sales The Colonial Secretary thus proved
himself wise and thrifty administrator, teaching the
Colonsts that they must depend for secexer
ton, and stand clear of the reacherous aid of loans
which rarely paid without murmur, and when
cused leave faint on the honor of the debtor In due
course Of time the colony will receive representative inst
buttons, and the praseworthy ambition of Sir Bull
wer lytton that when that period arrived the people
might have the pride of knowing and feeling that by
seHsacrhce they had themselves, out Of their
Sources, laid the foundation of an empire.
The public will not fail to bear in mind that though the
territory called British Columbia and vancouvers
incorporated political government Both are tenn
porary under the single rule Of Governor Douglas The
Gulf or more correctly the Strait of Georgia separates
Vancouver from the American continent while the Strait
OF Fuca is the great horoughare through which ships
must pass 10 reach the ports and harbors the southern
and eastern coasts of Vancouver as well as those of Brit
ish Columbia adjacent to the continent and through
ne centre q tbs strait runs the boundary line schich sepa
rates the Bris possessions from those IT ne United States
The Strait Of Fuca according to the report OF Captain
Richards, OF her Majestys surveying ship Plurnper
maintains an average width Of about eleven miles
and is free from hidden dangers. Appended to the
last parliamentary papers on British Columbia is
map prepared by Mr. Arrowsmith from a treat
variety OF original materials. 1t fixes the site Of New
Westminster the future capital where Fraser enters
the Strait OF Georgia. that OF Langley the noble
stream; and that Of Lyton at the confluence OF the
Fraser and the Thompson By the aid of this map and
the report OF Captain Richards the general reader NAV
form accurate idea of the boundary which has led
The irritating proceedings of the American general,
Harvey It understood betwSen Lord Ashburton and
Mr. Webster that the forty ninth parallel Of north latitude
should be the line Of division between the possessions
Great Britain and those of the United States but had this
been rgidly adopted should have surrendered
siderable slice off the southern extremity OF yancouvers