New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-10-28

biss and all countries under her Influence, hiss bees
70 Pr.veu. or TO suppress tbe dnersiheati,n OF em
Payments itdispebsatle 10 the motion and dever
| opmept of society, and 70 eonfne them ~ the I'll
aee Of the earth reckless of The fatal resGlt 10 her
Decentralization Of the col by tie necessity 10
,epd abroad their commodities in the raw form,
and the subsequent exhaustion Of themselves by the
expenses VI the enormous transportation ~ Which
they were .Lus subjected. THIS in ia turn pro-
Jucei dispersion constantly increasing, as in our
southern and South Western States, BY reason Of
the perpt tsa!y increasing necessity TO resort 10
new and more distant soils-an evil ever agra
waited by the steady increase IN tie proportion oil
the labor required TO be given TO trade and trans
portation, and steady diminution il the proper
ton that could be saved for the production Of com.
modities to be traded or transported. The inhsb-
inbts Of tie British West India Colonies were
prohibited by Act OF Parliament from refining their
own sugar, as by law they were also prohibited
from importing spindle or loom and from minins
and smelling their copper ores. Intercourse be-
tween them and foreign nations vas interdicted,
save through The medium Of British ships, ports,
and rerc chants. The tax of transportation imposed
Oh them was 90 consuming that, ADDED 70 ths tax
Oh impor alton levied By TIE Government at hone,
il ate out ali the profits of the indigo and coffee
culture in Jamaica, AID drove the planters back
upon the cultu-e Of the cane. To this employ ment
unhealthful, and that occupied them only siI
months in The year, the whole population, old and
Young male sod female, WAS limited. or the pro-
ceeds of the sale Of their sugar, only one-fourth
came 70 their hands. Their export OF rum gen.
| orally brought them in debt. These doomed gen.
tleu en- bec.me at last bat little more than the
.uperintendeLts OF slaves whom they worked for the
benef. o! the merchants and Government of Great
Britain. Placed between the negroes whom they
were obliged to support, on one hsnd and the Gov
| eminent, the ship-owners, the traders ard the
mortgages Of theil estates the other they could
only take of their crops what was lef, after ell
these parasites were sa.Isted and when the crops
| were abundant and prices fell, they were ruined
In period Of twenty years, the Sheriff sold no lei"
than one hundred and seventy seven estates while
ninety two went into the hands of creditors, and
| fifty FIVE we're abandoned. Is It wonderful that
system which thus destroyed the masters, used up
| the slaves Only one in three Of all who were i'm
| rted from Africa was represented on the dag of
| Emancipation. One million and seven hundred
THOUSAND were peddled through the islands BY
British merchants Only SIX hundred and sixty
thousand could be found at the roll-can of their
| freedom. Three and half millions OF slaves, on
the other hand, represented the FIVE hundred thou
sand African. imported into the United States and
serve as measure of the remorsele.s cruelty with
which the lsborers Of the West Indies were ground
up by the English system.
IL was lust ~ with ireland. Irish cloths had
| celebrity in the days when England exported all
her wool and imported all hex cloth; and yet she
s,ailed herself OF oil the power az her command 10
sopVre,s the Irish WOODEN manufacture, aud to
compel all the wool of the island to psss through
the mills Of England, before even the Irish them
,elves could use il. To hOpple the f,st-growing
! MT chanical industry Of Ireland, laws were passed
| prohibiting the expert of her wool and cloth even
to En- Rland kept through certain ports, and pro-
hibitjpg their export to the Colonies altose'ner.
Irish ships were next deprived Of all participation
! in the benefits OF the Nav CATION Laws, and ex-
euded from the fisheries. Sugar could DO imported
! into il ONLY through England; and, as no drawback
wa. allow ed on its expectation to Ireland, the nt-
ter was thas taxed Tor the support OF foreign gov
eminent az well 40 her own. All other Colonial
| produce, beaIde sugar, had to be carried brst 70
England before it could be shipped to Ireland, and
the voyage Of importation WAS required to be made
| in English ships, manned By Engllsh seamen, and
owned BY English merchants. As in Jam ,ca, the
men. women and children of Ireland were regarded
simply as instruments to be used by Trade-to be
deprived of all employment except In the laooFs OF
the field. where their business was to raise bulky
eargoes for British ships to carry, and for Brtsh
factors and brokers to sll. The Tariff, which the
Act of Union found in Ic0l, was broken down, snd
the Young manufactures Of Ireland were swamped.
Soon was indicated in that doomed island the
economical necessity of diversity Of employuents
| or A people tina. would not simply progress in
wealth. but would maintain its civilization. Farm
er. do not need to exchange, and cannot with
profit exchange with each other, potatoes and rye,
though their need Of the services Of cloth makers,
u,ile,s. mschinsts, and carpenters, may be pre,s-
ing. English Capitalization annihilated all differ
ence of employments in ireland, and drove her
people wholly TO agriculture. The demand for hui
man effort, both of intellect and Of muscle, having
gradually ce.sed in the island millions of her peo-
p)e found themselves forced into the position OF
consumer. Of cspital IN the form OF food, while TO-
| tally unable 10 sell their labor. Go where the
traveller might in Ireland, he found thousands snX-
ious TO work but unemploye ed, while tens of thou
sands " wandered through Great Britain begging to
cell their labor for pttAnce by help of which to
| nav their rent at home, OF drive starvation from
| their doorr How the evil eliminated 10 general
famine, and then in . general abandonment OF the
| country. the whole world knows. And yet at the