New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1859-02-23
THE STATE OF EUROPE.

LONDON, Friday, FEB. 4, 1-J9.
The Queens speech, Insignificant as it is has
vet Jed TO decline in COnsos. need not ssy that
it is not the threatening paragraph against Mexico
ths. has frightened the Exchange, but rather the
absence of any assurance that there will be no war
in Italy As to the speeehes in Parliament, all the
aristocrstic party leaders we're unanimous in
branding the actual Go7ernmen. Of Naples with
expressions Of unconditional disgust 10 describing
the state of the PspGl dOminions as unbearasls in
eIcusne Austria, but still thinking tina. she would
no. lose strength by abandoning her dOminions be-
yond the Alps, and in warning Sardinia and
France not to rush into war. Lord Derby
limited that ever some new territorial al
Tangcment might be entered lntO IN Cen
trail Italy Lord John Russell thought Austria
ought to give up portion of her Italian posses
sj0ns Every one OF the members who spoke about
Italy declared that Austria had no right to occupy
any Italian State beyond the Pc, but all cOncurred
in the sentiments expressed by the Queen, that
treaties are to be held inyiOlable, and that NAL
administration gives no right OF aggression 10 the
neghboriDg States What pity that this just
and unexceptionable sentiment was so utterly dis
regarded by these very same members IN the ease
of Dude The result of the discussion Is, that
war appears still more probable than before, but
it is officially stated that Her Miestys Govern
- ment have done everything IN their power 10
avert the formidable calamity of war;" and that
" they stand in position in which. with regard 10
" their own course, they would be bound by no
" obligation, by no engagement, treaty or under
" standing but be free 10 take the course which
" the interests Of duty and honor may demand.
In other words, England declares that she has not
entered into any alliance with Austria, and intends
to remain perfectly neutral as long as possible. If
| am not mistaken the Vienna puohc Viii not re-
gard this declaration as of very satisfactory
nature, since they expected the aid, and az least
the moral assistance of England, in case of an
aggression by the combined French and Sardiniln
armies.
The intended marriage Of King Victor Emmanuel
with the widow Of Prince Leuchtenberg sister 10
the present Gar and cousin to the French En-.
perOr, will not fail 70 create still greater apprehen-
sions at Vienna; and il s natural that under such
auspices the introduction of the Austrian loan into
the London money market should prove a failure.
As TO public opinion in France Italy and Austria,
| can give you some curious Information, founded
upon the most authentic observations. In France
war is deprecated by the Republicans, because
they fear that Napoleon might establish himself
more firmly on his throne by a successful Italian
campaign. All the moneyed interests, and the
educated class ayerse to it on account OF the
disturbance Of the material interests OF the country.
But Napoleon cares little for the Republicans, Or
leanists and the mOneyed middle class; he kno Va
that Il ey hate him. and that il is not to them that
he owes his position. He relies on his army and
on the ignorant agricultural population, with whom
he is az popular as 10 le49 In Sardinia the aris-
tocraey inclined TO peace; they do not care Tor
Italy nor for the increase oil the Kingdom, since they
fear that they may lose the monopoly Of court OH
ces. by the competition of the weather. and better
educated Lombard and Tuscan nobility. The
Mazzinians detest the alliance with France, but
both these parties are pOwerless NJ the present mo-
ment; the bulk of the rural as well as OF the town
population, are thoroughly mad for war; the idea
of Italian unity dazzles them so much That even
Genoa. the stronghold of Mazzinianism is now en-
tirey converted 10 the political creed of Count Ca
your and the French alliance. As regards Austria,
Vienna represents nothing but the Exchange, and
accordingly that city deprecates war; but the Ger
man Provinces, and especially Iyrol, are strongly
excited against France, and have no objection to
trial of the respective forces as to Hungary, sue
is unanimously waTlike and wishes conflict
most ardeDtly. fully satisfied that the Austrians
will be defeated and that such defeat might lead
To greater regard for the nationality and political
aspirations of the country. The Vienna press mis-
take this policy altogether, though some OF tne
Hungarian papers speak pretty clearly about II, ana
the Ministerial organs are positively Delighted az
the LOYALTY of the rebel province. The Emperor OF
Austria is at loss 10 see how war can De brougnt
about there il no CUSHs OtHtf dUu Hc har
given the most stringent orders TO avoid any cause
for offending France.
Under the present circumstances cannot fail 10
direct your attention 70 the excellent History OF
Naples, by Colletta admirably translated by Miss
Homer a sster.in-law of Sir Charles Lyel'. The
gifted translator hiss carried on Colettss history,
which ends with l325, TO the year l-52, and ena-
bles the public TO appreciate the comparative
blessings Of the French rule, and to realize all the
horrors of the Government of King BOmba. The
book has appeared in Edinburgh, and ought TO be
known in the United States. | do not doubt that
''Triibner's photographed Guide to American
Literature" has already excited your attention,
which it fully deserves for the great industry Win
which il is compiled, and lucid order with which Is
is arranged.
The Prince of Prussia Is himself destroying the
halo Of Liberalism which surrounded Lim Tor q
while. He has failed to grant an amnesty al the
occasion of the birth of his grandson, and IN
public speech he declared that, being the Vice.
cerent OF his brother. the King, he would depre-
cate any new measures, and wished only % to put
ian improving hand TO the institutions of bis
brother" The dream of Prussian Liberty was
sornew hat short lived, but no sensible man ought
to have expected really liberal ideas from the
Prince. \. ~