The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-10-15

j
| Views or an Amsrican Statesman Writ
ten In Europe October ~, 1855, to q
Friend I'm the United states.
There must be concentration Of the trade Of China az
opened by treaties San Francisco particularly
a railroad is Immediately made connecting the Pacific
coast with point the Mississippi river There are
grave why such road should be made both In
military commercial point Of view. The great increase
in importance of the English Fraser river country by the
discovery Of gold &C., all make It urgent that should
connect the old States with California. II such road s
accomplished, will finally form the route over which tho
rich treasures Of the East will pass The valuable part Of
that trade light, consisting Of tea, silks muslns and
delicate manufactures thai bear transportation long
railroads. and dry land route better fora such things
than the salt air Of the sea- around either the Cape Of
Good Hope or Cape Horn. 1t remarkable fact in tho
history Of nations that that nation has always controlled
the public opinion power Of the world that has con-
rolled the trade of the East 1t Syria Alex
andra, Rome, Carthage, Holland Spain, Portugal and
England The reason s that gives them the exchanges
Of the world and with II all banking commercial
credit Our Pacific possessions give US the position we
make the railroad, and the accumulated capital and
productions of the mighty empire Of China about 70 b,
opened to the world will fall into hands we have the
wisdom and energy to seize it. The friendly feelings that
Russians entertain for u.s. and their hatred England
will greatly favor in this This unlocking the bolts
that have hitherto protected tho capital trea-
of China is like opening up world. But unlike
world where wealth Is to be made, but whore it
already exists in the accumulation of ages ready to be
borne of for the immediate benefit and comfort Of the
enterpng and civilized portions of the earth Some
point the Mississippi the mouth of the Ohio seems
the proper place for terminus Of this connection If
you look at the map you will perceive that compass
put upon the mouth Of the Ohio and describing the radi
all the longest rivers empty thererom the SOUTH
the Cumberland and Tennessee the east the Ohio; the
west the Mississippi and Yellow Stone the NORTH the
Mississippi itself By terminating the road there those
great could bear the benefit Of the trade the
four quarters Of the compass with facility besides the
great railroads that will all verge from the neghborhood
Of the point so touch the great valleys Of pro-
| duction.
If the democratic party would boldly lift itself up to the
consideration Of great national issues and thereby sink
tho mere local and ctious issues would do much
ward eevatng people and preserving free nsu
tons as lasting benefit to mankind. The first great issue
ought to be made upon government giving notice to
Great Britain TO terminate the treaty of 1872 by which we
bound ourselves to keep up joint feet on the coast Of
Africa to keep down the slave trade We do 80 be-
Of tho expense and because humbug and total
failure the trade has been diminished by that and
it has actually increased the "horrors of the middle pas
sage" There is great change in Great Britain too
this subject You will see it in their leading papers, ma
gaznes and reviews In the days Of Wlberforce some
thirty five years ago, there abstract sentiment in
the world in relation to slavery that seemed to govern
mankind Even in the Southern States our leading men
fell under its influence. Randolph himself soon after the
war Of 1872, introduced resolutions bill to abolish
slavery in the District Of Columbia and the Virginia LRis-
ature, after the Nat Turner Dsurrection in 1927 or2S
came within few votes of abolshng slavery in Virginia.
Hayne in his great debate with Webster On Foots
resolutions in 1890 admitted slavery be great political
and moral evil" So too, in Monroes Cabinet when he
required the opinion of his Cabinet in writing as to the
prohibition of slavery below 80 deg 80 min got re.
spouse from all favorable to it except J. O. Adans and
Crawford and Calhoun in that Cabinet II was the
Cabinet that in 1919 made that treaty with Great
Britain binding ourselves to keep up Joint feet on the
coast Of Africa to suppress the slave trade at the
time declaring 1t piracy and defining the punish
ment All that Cabinet not only agreed to it, but urged
it, except again J. O. Adams Piracy is crime defined
under the law Of nations accurately MS murder is at
common law and to declare that piracy which the law of
nations does not make piracy is absurdty, ana they
might as well have called arson burglary, anything
else Hence the difficulty of executing it. In the High
Courts Of Admiralty in Great Britain late even as 1927
1t was expressly declared that 'inuumerable acts had
been passed which regulated the condition of slaves and
which tend to consider them resporsae conmercio
as mere goods and chattes, subject mortgages and
liable to be sold for debts taken in execution &C.; and
the highest in Engand--the Court of the Kings
Privy Council, and the Courts of Chancery-have been
established to carry into execution all these prnci-
pies with the most scrupuous attention. (sce Hogg-
ards reports, vol I'd, page 1881 Sir William Scott
| than whom no higher mind ever illuminated Eng.
sh jursprudence-n Of his most luminous decisions
defines pirates to be freebooters enemies Of the human
race renouncng every country ravgng every country
IN its coasts and vessels ndiscriminateyn which
make man hoses humans geeis Acts which constitute
piracy fall under the Jurisdiction of all nations
| It is miserable attempt of Great Britain and our
government to alter the law Of by the joint treaty
Of 1872 declaring and Furnishing that piracy which is
not recognized be such under asceraned and fixed
laws oil the world was wild blunder Of politicians,
tampering with law for political purposes The reectjne
men Of England as well as ourselves now the error
Besides, the great experiment Of English and French
emancipation in the West Indies about being understood
by the world. It is found that it benefits neither the
white nor the black race but both have degenerated un
der ii and those portions of the tropics fertile in
producing the comforts of he-sugar, Coffee rice and
cottonarc fast falling into unproductve jungles and the
race becoming barbaric. You and I, as individuals
are taught by reading, conversation and reflection,
events Thus the French and British emancipation il the
West Indies was great event, and tho world just
beginning to read the lesson uniolds There nothing
for one set Of people to form system theoretical views
Of abstract philanthropy such as they may feel advisable
for themselves, educated as they with their natures
and to apply it to this practical condition of different
race under totally different circumstances Is the greatest
absurdiy conceived Of All government is an evil
in the abstract and only submit to 1t because pre-
vents greater evil which is anarchy and that govern.
men best for any people that found best adapted to
their nature and the practical wants of their society Eve
rythng else visionary and does harm this greatex-
pertinent Of abstract philanthropc theorists in the British
and West India Islands, is enforcing these truths
upon the public mind France openly regulating all
she ever did before and is actually opening African i'm
portaton for her tropical regions Agers and the West
mdes on q scale OF princey magnifcence and know
the fact she intends TO pursue it. She would undoubted
rejoice to have US give notice to Great Britain termi
nate our joint treaty Of 1885, and the leading minds
Great Britain now rising into power would glad
it, but they dislike to first because Of their national
pride heretofore involved in it, The question Of abund
ant labor for the tropics is far important New
England DID England and France than TO those who