The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-08-26
Steam Communications Between Australia
h.d E"rOPe VIA P~nsma--Amssscsn Trade
In the Pss sfic.

a.d EUIOpe VIA P~nsma-Amszlcan Trade
In the Pss'fic.
TO InE EDIDOR OF Tue HERALD
Tho pe,severng deteT limitation Of yne Australian
Bes, and New South Wales IN particular I, open ~
steam route IRON Australia TO Europe via Psnana, mas
been length ~nsd ~ish SUCCESS aud the English
vtrbmep resolved open ,ul further
delay. Teuders been called ADD In py soe
sevsIa great Companies " Eg,anh, Including tho
West TodA Maj o,mp.a ami the Caoard, as veil ~
several pfivsts tenders
te route to Do open by the commence neut Of
year THUS will be realized tina, iius OF Communication
which tho American mind long Recognised ~ the best,
surest and least expensive the ath
Continent and the Old Oounuy
Tho pioneer Of this route the only commercial steam
ship Pscdo Australia and Pa
mama, the magnificent American aolaen Age,
runsrg the San xnosco ino. This ship crossed
the Pa0inc in 1854, coSng at rsn clearly demoossrat
Ing BY her passage the feasibility of tho route yet has
remained unopened until the present time, and now s
only brought about by New 5oata Wales government
voting speoiai sum OF $3.50 600 per their
trbution towards the purpose By rouss sns
mercial relations OF America sisb viii DO
improved, and eeh postal and passenger Communication
reduced In time and expeose bet the countries
But it ID not alone aud further ssye,oos
ment Of Australian trade that must conhoe
nrselves from the opening OF this route. The go
ious Islands Of the South Pacific (scattsrsd in
hundreds over that expsose VI tranquil ocsau)
he Almost fabulous fertility and climate OF wnca ve
tAve heard much, from the days of Com Per
ters occupation Of Of the hNqaesas TO tue pres mt
time, will be opened up occupation and civilization by
their facinty Of access
The advantages importance Of The various groups
Of the South Pacific slsDos been properly
Getstroo by Us, although they perhaps visited
by our whaers than by 'hs snips Of Other ASTON
many Of these issnas offer capital depou tue ~hs-
ing Jaae-fruit, vegetables and pigs Rboundng ~sl
safe sDd cspsc oas nsrbore.
The EXPEDITION o. Commodore Wilkes, and his pab
hcauCps have furD snsd mpcD Dt0rmssioa Sfth
respect TO msry OF those islands; but Considerable
change have taken place 10 ns Pacific since tss e,i
tee FEeach having taxed possession OF fadiu tue
Debtor isap more laeiv Of tbe large "
Ne~ Caledonia snd The sojaceot group ia tho neignbT.
b0od OF the coast cf New hsbano Moreover, nssiona
RES both American, FreOch Ergito, have of late
years largely spresd nem-eves 10 thess regions
bR seUi civilization shero housnt Dus cAnDipAlsm x11
parberam before existed.
England strangely Degectui Ct interests TO permit
The occupation by OF New Caledonia, largest
aud sest the SOp,h Pacific isfands RON turning her
a.teutton towards the feJees, to oulfabA tne
Fe.cn and also prevent any American scqals-
deprec s,iops on missionaries snd other American
c'uzeps hsvo la,ely Oeen perpetrsted amongst
the Fejee grous ano q demsD6 on the part of toe
American authorities beog sde frr the payment or
pensaon 10 the aDo mt OF t60OO some Eagsn traders
ard missionaries have ncuoe Of tue Feeee
OF beae Islands sD5 20 oCo Of sads
coLotion Of British proscuoo and jurisot on being
tetdeu them Sace lne srtiva, Of that agent in
England the mater bss be- prominently brought under
be rotee Of the Foreign Unlisted by Populations OF lead
ing LONDON metchsbe and Mancoester manufacturers,
VINO strongly UEge the Bfiso Hses 20 take P9ssessoa
OF The gonp OF tue cne used oe,og tna
these issrds are aomrsbly stated, AZ regards soil,
climate and coored labor, for che cultivation OF q
superior quality OF cotton. According % tho
last accounts, the English government bsd not
yet arrived at any deiermlnattop, but there
British jurisdiction in toat quar,er, especially q check
to France Who by Der occup New Caledonia com
DIS tire OF Nee Hosud tbs rouse by
orres ssis or OUTSIDE Of New Ga,oes 70 India China
from Australia
display ed anxiety with respect tee OF
France in the Pacific Possessing several magnificent
bors New Caledonia might be usoe .he rendezvous OF
steam squadron capable Of placing uoser the
great commercial cies Of Melbourne ami Sy opey and
found in both these haroors the proceedings Of Francs
are not likely 70 aisy apprehension this
chef 20 De ,o . at once
dops preserving merely pro,ectorate the former
and restoring sut 1ory 10 Queen Ponae che prominent
reason Tor tns appears to the fact
enSiIe of Tahiti and the Degnbo,ing group limited
size that there extent Of unoccup,ed at all
suited for population Of white planters settlers whist
New Caledonia is an island 230 mics In epg,h With
Width varying from thirty TO seventy miles, and but
negro race, differing altogether ia appearance from
aboriginal population Of the negnborlng coast Of New
The trade of the South Paoisc Islands is as yet al
most undeveoped, and WHIST there 10 carried
on, is In the hands Of a Sydney merchants wDo en-
beche le mer or uepapg tortoise shell mother .ari
shell, cocosnut OIL &c The these isla DDS does
not at all seem to be appreciated either for ocu
patton; and amongst them exist s0me copper deposits
equal In the richness of the Superior
The production OF cocoauut oil ght oe anoss ~mnout
limit there, and all The coral thess snds
abound with beche lie mer, which meets a ready
market always in China, prices varying 70
$500 per ton. Becbe lie ner, az the name IMPLIES il q
eutipous siug found amongst the r.eis an is
much used in China for soups and IN the FOOD OF the
higher classes The size OF the slug eight 10
neeD or sixteen inches long, and when taken requires
be cut open, cleaned dried then in close
houses to prepare for market, packed
For sges past large fleets o. Chinese Malay junks
have resorted to the northern OF New Holland ID
soerch Of becbe 10 mer, coming down with mopsool
ana returning With the other bu the quantity found
Ia very limited IN comparison TO The abundance he
with about the shores of Nee Calodohis Feee group
the L"yates or the New aebrides The nigh commercial
value OF his article should stimulate its
lection. and might be made article OF gres. profit
Not to becheIe mer, sandal wood, cocoanut OIL,
tose shell need the trade OF these islands be con.
lined Coal has been discovered In some of tnsD,
az vel as copper, and specimens OF god in quartz
With an unsurpassed climate and ricn Sol
sugar. cotton and coffee could be raised In 10
fact at preseDt the sugar cane indigenous there and
much used BY the natives article food, from
WHICH they likewise manufacture fermented drink.
ihe consumption OF sugar, Annually increasing In
greater ratio than the supply Gala for Of cu
tivation, and these ssnos rsby situated for the
purpose. Colored labor can be obtained also In abua
uauCt from more portn BALI, Ln0r,
LombscK aud several Of the Malay group Al Bali large
numbers Of iaborers to be low as one dollar
month They would be glad to engage for terms
or ten years. and sing the vicinity the Of passage
would be but small. Thus cheap abor combined with
coil climate and other advantages, render these saods
most favorable spots for sugar planting
The beighborng Australian colonies offer ready and
extensive market for all produced the estimated coosump
ton OF sugar In these colonies exceeding sixty tuoa-
sand tons per annum the greater portion OF which e
imported from the Maurtus Manila the impor
OF island suited for the cultivation of sugar. the
vicinity Of cheap coored labor demonstrated clearly
by the position of the Maurtius Isle Of France
Indian Ocean. That island only thirty miles long
by width Of twenty Six miles, exported last year
one hundred and twenty thousand OF sugar of value
exceeding fourteen millions Of dollars In fact impor-
tspt has the small island Of the Maurus become Eng
land that ts production of eugsr equal
than half that all the British West Iads p,sse.sons
put together We see, therefore, why o,
the South Pacific islands should become valuable
sugar Islands ultimately the Mauritus at present II
needs but enterprise and capital to be directed there 10
bring about ths result.