The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1859-12-01

AooA hooiC icsitcTc Vi tHlS Is the SO called
50 Pearl River" large and irregular shaped
lagoon. somewhat freshened at its inland extrem-
itles by the streams that run into it, but connect
ing with the sea by number of navigable pas
sages 1t is ipnprrectly represented on the ma ps,
Deing In TACT much cut up by points and islands.
lts man channels and open spaces are, however,
with the exception OF the bar at the mouth deep
enough for any vessel Jarvis is wrong in calling
the adjacent land dry and barren compared with
Honolulu. The immense flats between it and the
sea- and those that stretch off beyond it for seven
or eight miles to Barber's point, with a width of
five or six miles, are it is true, barren enough
being great stretches of ssclinkers,' - broken
masses of all sizes, with solid rock beneath of
feldspathic lava, with here and there a deep pit
or sudden crcvice. Bushes and scattered tufts of
grass keep fat the cattle that range there and oc
casonally serve to conceal the mouth of n pit
from unwary cattle or horses. Along the inland
shore of Pearl River is strip of very fertile land
varying in breadth, some Of which is now culti-
waited with taro and bananas, but large proper
ton is lying idle. Then the land rises gently into
the elevated PLAIN which extends between the two
mountain ranges mentioned previously, towards
| Waialua, descending somewhat more steepy into
the lowlands of Waalua at a distance of two or
three miles from the This plain is inter-
rupted by several deep gulches-something like
the California canons, which yawn in the trav-
eler's face with scarce any warning. Their
courses are very irreguar-one runs from the
towards the Wailua mountains, until at about
the elbow ANGLE when it turns and follows
along their base to the sea at Waialua. The
slope of the mountains on the right from Moana-
! lut to Waialua presents much land in its valleys
and on its small elevated plains, which, were the
island fully peopled, would undoubtedly well
paw cultivation. In of the valleys large
quantities of excellent oranges are already raised.
Most of the plain, say nine miles by twelve, is
grazing land. The heads of the valleys and the
ridge Of the main range are heavily timbered with
kukui. ohia and some koa, and occupied
only by wild cattle and hogs. Turkeys and
chickens, too, are enumerous-estrays from domes-
ticated stock The Waialua fiat, some two or
three miles by about five, is very fertile, and the
climate to many more agreeable than koolau or
Honolulu From Waialua to kahuku the
face is hlly, and merely good pasture. Kahuku
is quite level plain, some five six miles by
two, extending from Wamea to Kahuku point.
1t is but slightly elevated above the sea, and con-
sists of soil-covered coral in position, evidently
little disturbed by its upheaval. At many OF the
frequent holes and crevices in it may be seen
streams of fine clear and cool fresh water, making
their subterranean way three or four feet below
the surface from the mountains to the outlets In
the sea below low water mark
The Waianae district, protected by its noun
tain range from the trades and exposed fully to
the afternoon sun, is for the most very warm,
though a strong gust from. the trade wind will
sometimes bre 4 over with violence. But small
portion of Waianae is arabic land, by far the
major part being devoted to grazing purposes, for
which it is admirably adapted, producing prob
ably the best beef on the island for the table.
The main range of the Oahu mountains has
break or passage through it at the Nuuanu val
lev often described as the celebrated g pail OF
Nuuanu.' and is passable for footmen at the
heads of several of the valleys The Walanae
mountains have but one path over them, that near
the elbow at Lihue-other access or exit to or
l.. fhn
Eva or Kaena ends of the range. This last Is a
difficult and at times dangerous path.
Each of the above districts of Oahu has, even
at the same elevation above the sea, Its pecullar
climate, perceptible to an ordinary observer The
difference is due to different degrees OF moisture
and of exposure to or shelter from the trade
Winds Those winds are also modified very much
by the extent of land over which they have blown
alter leaving the sea- and by the character OF that
land. as covered with verdure bare rock and
earth made scorching hot by the rays of the sun.
Oahu is more properly and naturally grazing
than an agricultural island, though the quantity
of arabic land scattered at intervals over It's sur
ace is amply sufficient to support large popuia-
| GENERALLY called the Oldest of the group, is one
of the pleasantest 1t is separated from Oahu by
a channel about 80 miles wide. The difference
of latitude between Kauai and the southern part
of Hawaii is enough to make perceptible differ
ence in climate. The shape of the island also,
allowing one (as at Lihue and Wailua) frequently
| to take in a wide stretch of landscape without
having his view bounded by the sea-allowing
him to feel as if he was in a 8 great country
makes the scenery, which is very beautiful In IL
self much admired by those whose insulated VS.
ion has perhaps for years ranged only over the Tn,
narrow strip of land between the Honolulu hllls
and harbor. The eye, which for a long time has
found every view bounded by the ocean, (as Is
necessarily the case on most OF the lsianas,) max
| inc the observer aware of his insulated, almost
imnrisoned life, finds great relief in view whlch
allows it to strain itself to see further INTO and
stretching bevond its bounds, without hnaiiy rest
inc on the white spray of the breakers Conse
mentlv. the beauties of Kauai-lianalel valley,
Hanapepe waterfall, Koloa spouting-rock, tenere
are many Others on the islands,) the Mana sing,
! ;ng-sands &c-have been written and printed
ab1ut sufficiently The last. which have seemed
a nuzzle to some tourists are very easily eXpiaheu'
The piles of sharp, clear sea-sand on the peAcl,
under a hot sum- when set in motion py the manu-
or the wind. perhaps sometimes Dy .helr i' o"i,
exnansion from heat, in their friction on eacn
otber' Give out a rather faint but clear and distnct
tinkling sound. The peculiar shape OF the sano
rarticIes traceable to the original rock rom
which they have been separated, may account ior
the nor. observance of the same phenomenon eisc-
where In the morning or after sunoo"il, L.. WIZ no
moist with the dew, or after ram, they arc
silent. U.; .dantad To
Grazing or planting. stretches from Hanalei to
3Janapepe valley. Portions OF this island appear
he,.er adapted to agriculture than the other ISL
ands There are two coffee plantations IN hana, q,
plantation nf al the sIand is we'll watered
.;., freonent rains and streams. The principal
m,r ~orts of the island are Hanae on the north sde
Saw;liwili and Koloa on the southeast anu "ai-
nav Ma" on the south. The waimea district being
lee Of island is dry and Ts lap. Of the sa s
vation only in the valleys noa dns, aFoand the west
anu side to Hanalei is rocky dry, barren and UNI
sr nha hit, b;ted / The same remark may be made OF al
I'M ;.,suds as of Kauai that the want OF caPital
.ne s m Industrious population is the only thing
needed to develope resources now lying A'"'''
wholly idle. ,,u.u.