The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1859-06-10


or three hundred of such silly creatures have recently
amaisamated with negro fellows to generate
However Ridiculous this idea OF negro eouav may bs
IN the eyes of thecyilized worldfor in Europe Asia
Africa and throughout North America except in the New
England States, CentratA merica and Mexico and some
OF the West India Islands preensions have eyer
been set up for the negroI however absurd this claim
be, We the people of the South have no riaht 10
NEEDLE with it, long as those philosophers bs
teachings and practices to their people and seek not
TO force them upon us. Under free institutions
though man has no moral right to divest himself of
reason ana become crazy fanatic, yet he has egal
rgh to effect his own destruction in his own way pro
yided he does not injure others
In the North the question negro equality ia nothing
more than an impractcabe theory for the free negro
population is about to every 435 whites in some of
those States while in the South the white and negro pop
ulaton is nearly equal in many of the States In Mary
and we nave free negro for of white popula
ton throughout the State and in the small county of
oine there are free negroes in the State of
Maine New Hampshire and Vermont, unitedly. Those
three last named States have white population of
GIL, and only 1854 free negroes while Caroline county
the smallest in our State has but 6O96 white population
ana Z;'on 1ree negroes Now this report proposes,
not to bansh not free negroes to leave us but
it fixes limits and lays down conditions upon which
alone they can remain here. And in the event our
ninety thousand free negroes should leave us
| trust they will find hearty and kind recep
ton with those in the North who possess so much love for
them If those free prefer stay here and ac
que the rights and protection of slaves they shall
select for themselves they shall be sold to our own c
zens by proper ocerssaves life There is no other
way to manage this question: to my mind full of Justice
free negroes.
There is fine opportunity for those abolition phoso
piers to practice what they preach and reach out the
helping hand to 900 free negroes and provide them
with homes with clothing, and provisions and fuel and
%hlte wives and citizenship, and all the concomitan
blessings set forth in their creed viii they do it? Con
sstency demands it. Will free negroes give them
traR That is another point but judging from the past
history OF free negrosm in Maryland doubt it. indeed
If they are prudent and prefer be extermnated
is the last thing they will do. But Northern
States likely permit negroes to settle
them? We think notthe indications are that so soon
as we give the principles this report legislative vitality
the Northern States will pass laws TO proIit our free
negroes going there During the last session of the
ature of Pennsylvania numbers petitions sent
that body praying for the passage law to forbid free
negroes going into that State
In New York, in July last Convention was held to
persuade the free negroes there leave them-if this
rails, the next thing will be to drius them This Conven
ton was hedto consider the proprcty of migrating
some region where they can enjoy privileges than
accorded to them in the free Sates Addresses made
by Rev W Holley of New Haven Connecticut in favor
of Hayti as desirable country T. NJ Chester presented
the advantages of Liberia; Rev H. NJ Wilson, Rev NJ A.
thompson and Others spoke. A Committee Of three
appointed with power to investigate the subject and call
further meetings Rev H. II. Garnett present and
letter from Rev Theodore BOurn of the Compensation
emancipation Society, warmly approved the project"
give these facts to show the hostility of the white
population of the North their free negroes not with
standing their loud and hypocrtica professions regard
for them Those will soon be elbowed out of
New York. the work is begun and will steadily progress
till consummaed
In Vermont silhar feeling of hostility to the free
negro is developing itself Vermont has but rs of
drop in the bucket And yet the Vermont Patriot,
speaking the sentiments of their people this subject
says "Whatis to be done with this class our popua
on IS the point to which the attention of philanthropss
and statesmen should be directed The entering wedge
all action is the Inauguration of some system by which
certain stop will be put to the illegal introduction
colored persons into the free States In other words
log must be laid the track of the underground rail-
road Ihs would prevent large yearly increase of that
class Of population which is hanging like a milestone
around the neck Of industrial progress Then thin
the present population by fostering the colonization plan
possible and inn SIall wa
do with the free negroes of the North is in fair way
of solution" us free negroes hang like mill
stone around the neck of industrial progress in Vermont
how long will Maryland keep her head above water it'll
10000 of these milsones hanging upon the industrial
progress of her people? We think the industrial
of Maryland has been retarded for many years
oil those free negroes and we trust hsConventon will
suggest and Legislature will perfect system here
by these weights shall fall off, and Maryland shall again
become prosperous and happy.
In Massachuset s-yes in Boson-during the last year.
$50 free negroes finding their condition very bad and
growing worse formed themselves into an association
flee the State and escape the deadly embrace of Yankee
philanthropy Thirty of those negroes here to Bal
timore for passage Monrovia-so saws Boston paper
Thus Massachusetts, too by persuasion
trick of deception shung off her free negro popuation
| she cares not where, so she is rid of them
Our free Western States beginning to take a
mon sense view of this negro question They are begin
ming to draw the lines clearly and distinctly betw cen
their white citizens and the negro element Ohio
has just said by her statute that having any the
least tan of negro blood in his veins shall allowed
| will soon die out in that State.
IN lnulana they Will not allow become
witness and in Michigan they will allow free negro
| to vote, even if he possess property.
1t was during last year. while the wounds of Kansas
were still bleeding, and the shrieks of freedom
echoed throughout our land that building contractor
Leavenworth City discharged white man and employed
free negro in his stead. What followed? "A committee
waited upon the contractor and demanded the discharge
OF the free and pledge that he would hire any
negro while white man was in the city unemployed ,
Was this right or wrong? contend it right the
ground of selfpreservaton and that the free negro
right to be there. But the aboring men and mechan
les of that city did stop there They called an ndig
nation meeting and passed resolutions of which
| give:
"Resolved, That the action the Constitutional Con ven
ton in endeavoring to equalize free negroes and
white men, meets with absolute and entire dsappro
batOD and merits nOught but unqualified contempt from
every honest farmer aborer and handcraftsman in the
country, and that branch thereof, will
permit competition in trade by free negroes and
ther that we VIII have no fellowship with those who
bodies the sentiments of the mechanics and aboring white
men OF our entire country, east west, north and south
And endorse this sentiment because it right of itself
ieI are ee "hltG clzehs on the one hand win all The
cares, duties, and responsibilities of citizenship resting
upon them on the other hand is set of irresponsible
population with civil status cares, duties
sponsbites that rest upon the citizen Those class
es come in competition in Leavenworh city, it may b
in Cincinnati or Charleston, or Philadelphia, Baltimore
no matter where, the principle IS the certain
amount of labor is to be performed and mixed, redun
dant population of white citizens and free negroes
that labor to support themselves and families
Who is to have the preference? Are we to employ ou
white citizens to the exclusion of the free negroes a
shall we favor the free to the exclusion of
white ctizcns7 Or degrade white citizens
byexending equal patronage to both classes GROUND
fequalty between citizen population and the
negro population? As our population increases, thcs
questions present themselves for answer, and
here to day to give that That answer can only
be given IN one way and in favor of citizen popula
ton Should country be invaded by foreign enemy
to whom would look for relief in the hour peril
danger? Would you look to the free negro? No. Ha
the free negro made any useful discoveries in the
chanc artsr Does he contribute anything towards th
great farming interests of our Sate' Does he promote
morality engender vice? Does he contribute yine
for the support of government add anything to the
eria wealth the State all of those queries we car
only reply in the negative. Then, if our defence as
people rests upon citizens; If we look them for al
progressive improvements in arts sciences mechanism
and agrcuurein short if all the of society,
the interests Of the State devoved upon citizens
then let them have whatever advantages the civil com
pact confer upon themle them have it exclusive
| all participation by the free negro element.
And yet, II permit emancipation go onor if we al
low those who are free to remain so; shall bt
obliged to open to them all the of remuneratv
labor by which citizens obtain living In cite
and villages find those free negroes mnnopolizne
whatever of labor pertains the hotels-barber coach
men, draymen, steamboat WATERS sailors; and in many
ways njure the business of mechanics In the
try there are few who have been raised slaves
taught habits of industry and morality, and those
farms and force young white to leave the State
so that our white population in most of the counties SHOW
increase But the vast bulk of free negroes in tn
country lazy, degraded immoral wretches They will
take no permanent employment, but prowl about from
house to house in the night time robbing poultr,
yards, break open cribs and houses ant
plunder whatever they can lay their hands upon Wher
ever masters will allow it, they invariably take sav
wives and husbands, and this alliance insures them
good living by stealth and without labor the balanc
OF their lives Such is truthful picture of free
| in Maryland.
What do learn from these facts We learn that tn
injurious effects of freenegroism in Maryland
mainly felt by that large class of citizens engaged il
agriculture mechanism and day labor of whatever kind
What would our doctors and lawyers and merchants
If their respective professions alike directly aecte
by freenegrosm as the farmer mechanic and laborer
And yet their interests, if not vsiby, are, notwh
standing, really Inrored in this question The clerks il
our store houses and banking houses, the employees il
our newspaper and publishing establishments all hav
vital interests at stake in this free negro question
In 1890 had but free i'm w,
now have 10000 In 1890 we could get along with l fre
negro to 26 whites; in 1859 find free negro to
whites-too much of load. The farmer, the mechani
and labornS man say, in 1859, give US relief! SHt
years hencewhen by the rate of increase in tn
past sixty years, free negroes shall amount to 672507
that of relief from the of free negroism will
be confined to the farmer alone but will issue from
workshop every pursuit. every professors desk and frou
every cloiser. When their dusky numbers like the lC
Gust clouds Of Egypt, shall spread State
all directions-paralyzngo energies demoraiZing ou
people and deyouring our substance when every Stat
in the Union shall have shut the door against them
all this sckly abolition sympathy like the deadly miasm
of putrescent matter shall have given place
then indeed this free negro question will present to
posterity a fearful issue.
There is principle of justice humanity that d.
mands at our hands surrender 0: the rights of cit
in order to confer those rights upon large rrepoI
slble free negro populaton-we should mot take TIL
children bread and cast it to dogs What because
State has greatly erred for these many years. and perm
ted this free negro element to increasing until the
have become burden upon us-because statute law
have allowed cpation and thereby produced abnorn
al relations and conditions in popuation-are
uproot society," unhpge the relations of the several parts
and the civil compact order to accommodate
this morbid excresent, abnormal free negro ellen ent
midst? No. no, But let this day present
the people of State, and to the Legislature series
wise and prudent measures in harmony with the rights