The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1859-02-28

subversve theories and violent passions alike ncompa
BILE with order in Europe the laws Of civilization the re
gous interest and political independence Of the Papacy
the national element, which has is origin in the history
and traditions OF Italy, and which answers all that 10
most imperative and most legitimate In the aspirations
the populations OF the peninsula and the very condition
OF the duration and consolidation of governments.
Revolution would this day be but powerless and de-
structve party In Italy Isolated in Europe where the
spirit OF order happily predominates everywhere isolated
even IN Italy, where would rouse against conservatv
and religious interests, 1t would Gud support nowhere It
would be reduced TO Its own resources. Condemned by
opinion vanqushed by force, its attempt woui be merely
an adventure; 1t would retreat, Il would succumb, It
would once more saturate with blood the soil Of Italy, and
would only render the condition Of that noble country
The national element represents all that is most vita
Italy II answers to the common hopes Of the popula,
and the governments Of the Peninsula; far from menac
thrones, II cxats them II opens 10 the Papacy up
tant and glorious part which sedused for moment the
noble heart of Plus * and in 1S47 even combined in
one feeling Of patriotism the King OF Sardinia aud
the King Of Naples Moreover the national element finds
in Europe certain sympathes for attaches itself TO the
principles Of justice which are heacesorth the object OF
the policy OF all the governments. II finds 10 them the
moral support of the alliance formed be-
tween two great States precisely with the object Of pre-
venting European complications OF settling the differences
between nations and Of supporting everywhere the
Of the law Of nations and Of civilization
gland in fact cannot abandon Italy, for 1t is she,
her government her statesmen her tribune her Journals
that have constantly encouraged and supported her.
before 1848. We remember the change effected in the
policy Of the last rigime n consequence of the Spanish
marrisges The government OF King Louis Philippe had
committed the fault Of sacrificing the Anglo Freach a
ance 70 family interest It's isolation in Europe the
consequence Of it, and, NJ Theirs declared in memo
rabc debate, est found at the instant Deepen
dent Austria and obliged to follow her inspirations in
land! She took the part ,oaich belongedto Fancehe ok
Il eye1a in erdggerdtingI II.
Lord Mimic fulfilled the mission with which he had been
charged by Lord Pamerston with ardodr which went
beyond the mark, by exciting impotence and illusion
when was above ALL necessary to inspire moderation
aud support 1rmness The promise of chat proecoratc
Tho nj tn ut tha
very moment the Cabinet of the Tueres seemed to abb
cate that which history and geography gave her. must ne
cessary have overthrOwn influence the other side
Of the Alps but should also have maintained the
tona impulse which manifested itself after the accession
Of Plus H. and which was so soon imperiled by the re-
voluoDary spirit Italy believed longer in France,
and il WAS to England that she gave all her confidence
1t must be admitted that this confidence not decev
ed. England, as maritime Power, could not take part
in a continental struggle between Piedmont aud Austria
but when the revolution OF the Gath February casued to
prevail in France policy which ought to be supposed ia
vorabe to Italian independence England did hesitate
to declare herself against Austrian domination. The en-
tire policy Of England on this point Stunned up in
Lord psmerston addressed to Lord Ponsonby Amoassa
dor Of the Queen of Great Britain at Vienna despatch in
which he declared That there is chance that Austria
can keep IN useful ard permanent manner, Upper Italy,
the acoe Of whose inhabitants profoundly imbed ch
inrincite hatred to the AUSTRIAN army" lie adds that
sit would certainly be more prudent on the part Of the
Austrian government more useful to the real and proper
force Of that Empire TO free the population from its dom
nation, which they will ever consider as yoke y
tanned but by great display of force, at considerable
and he oresees that foreign aid ought be mpored
and granted. What would happen in such caseY Here
the Cabinet OF London does not leave 10 the Cabinet Of
Vienna any illusion to the feeling OF Europe and the
conduct Of England. We quote the words Of the de-
spatch:-
cipaon of other Powers who might find ihemseve ORA
into II ye, there + no reason believe that the anal result
ALPS ~, Y. Ansa s sDnsder that
her If menanced in her and legm ate
existence in Germsny there exists the subject Of her
vsrsai their Injustice that This feeng might well have the
effect Of leaving her with very little aid in case of war
Is this clear Is possible ask to dsnterest more
precisely England, and to Isolate more completely Aus
tra, by raising between her and Europe the universal
sentiments Of the injustice of her pretensionss
Lord Pamerston does not evea admit that in case of
war Austria could count upon Germany. sis the Aus
TRAN government, he says quite certain that the
sympathy of Germany would follow il in its Efforts to
impose her yoke still more heavily on the Italian ma
ton?'i
This doub. not expressed lightly, aud that eminent
statesman accounts for it at once by reason polite,
The reason is The principle Of patonal,es, the
rallying cry Of all Germany would not protest loudly
against Austria in such struggleS
The Of England in accordance with her words
Her diplomacy powerful had supported Italy in her
prctepsions as had encouraged her in her impulse.
There perhaps moment OF fortune for the Italian
tonality II that moment, too rapid, when the Pied
m0ntese c0nqueros on the Adge masters of almost
ne Whole Of LON, LomSaIay,oa HIaa dismayed a ne
reres, and not wsng play the end that terrible game
,rh he despair and heroi Of people fearing on TIE one
hand the reolucn in Germany offered the sacrifice Of the
final act Of the Congress Of Vienna the price of pctorv
and concession to the establishment Of peace Austria
proposed the independence Of Iombardy and separ
government for Veneta the sole condition of her
rainy These proposals carried directly to London
they only known in France 1t then believed
London that Italy might obtain better terms and the Fog
sh Cabinet did not use its great aud legitimate authority
prevent the refusal which made these overtures
at Milan. The encouragement Of Austria did last
T.S In ~ e1o
treat the bases just stated At the end of July Pied
mont already exhausted 10 that unequal struggle where
her courage alone was inexhaustibie. 1t then made
appeal to the intervention Of France The government
Of General Cavagnac replied by offer of mediation in
which England was to join. England and Fance COM
1letely united in the same idea, assumed for their starting
peint Of the negotiations ne bases Which had been reject
ed at Mtan but Austria, victorious deel fred peremp6rliy
that she rds no longer disposed 10 admit that Which she had
been reduced 10 propose. Nevertheless it decided that
congress should take place at Brussels where France
to be represented by NJ de Tocquevie and England
the Congress OF Brussels was mere p'an--the Anglo
French mediation could not succeed in constituting Itself
the voice of cannon was heard In place Of that Of dplom
cy. II was the cannon of Novara Charles Albert impa.
ent at the delays, rritaed by the difficulties and
dent in his cause, had rske all in that glorious emerty
Italy succumbed at least noby, and the chivalrous
monarch, who had dreamt It's emancipation re.
tired, vanquished but not Inundated leaving his
and his to his who assembled the throne through
this fed Of battle, after having received sixteen bule
In his coat Since that period Italian nationality has only
lived in the patriotism and policy Of Piedmont sustained
by tue moral support oil the Anglo French alliance The
flag of Novara h0isted in the Crimea where the
Sandman army had tn h share 10 the contests the trials
and the victories Of the French ami Eogsh armies. In
ne at the Congress Of Paris the Plenpotentares Of the
King Sardinia to take their seats beside those
the first Powers in Europe and to with them 10
the regulation OF the greatest interests In the world Ths
rank, which Sardnia vanqushed at Nova-a lS49, was
able to in 1885, in the midst Of the great Powers
she doubt to herself but she owes 1t likewise 10
the moral and dir ct support Of the Anglo French alliance
she owes 4 partcuar!y-and nobody in the DIPLOMATS
regions will deny this actto the perseverng and
Importance The English policy has consequently not
varied since S47 with respect to Italy 1t anticipated
u.s. while the diplomacy Of King Louis Philippe supported
the Austrian policy the diplomacy OF Queen Victoria
couraged the Italian policy The influence Of England did
not to be felt for single day during those eleven
years the affairs OF the Peninsula II Is TO be foun in
tho first burst Of nationality which hailed the accession
Plus X well in the efforts at Independence which
later period concentrated themselves under the Sar-
dinan flag Her hand seen in the pretcnsions inspired
by victory, well in the negotiations which followed
defeats In Short when at the Congress Of Paris Cunt
walcwsk thought it bis duty to call 10 the internal