, 1859-12-19

"Hox .ie Ben Adam - and bowed the serTtIe head.
Which to a stranger asklcs aims he gave
Rho went rejoicing, OH hts unknown wy.
pu, aSsa Ss ets D t.rpp With
showed him The wealth which ha con hao multiI lied.
The Growth Of Elnp1rc-~The Coming
Ccusus--Elementso Of Population.
tFrun the Cincinnati taz.,te.]
Rome was certainly magnificent empire.
France and Great Britain a;e great empires;
llussia looms up in the coming future as the yast
Goliah OF pasions. But it is certain that neither
Of them we're, at q slmllar period Of their na-
tionhi life, ut oil Comparable to the United
States Of North America and it is certain TINT in
d fair and single-handed fight, the United States
are stronger than any nation at the present day.
1t is not the existence Of great armies aud ua-
vies Which determines the strength Of nation.
1t is the capacity to bring them into existence
spirit which nerve their strength, and produce
great actions. No one fails 10 see that when
Greece acquired the 1aurels which thickened
round the brows Of Leonidas, 3tiltiades. Themis-
tocles and the heroes Of her history, that one
Greek was worth ten Persiaus or any other Of
the surrounding people. 1t is common to at
tribute the cause to the luxury or etIrminaucy
Of the other Nations This may he admitted to
certain extent. But the superior mind Of
Greece and the innate sense and love Of freedom
were yet stronger causes- The man who has
learned to think for himself. and to feel and
cherish the sense Of personal Independence. is
not easily conquered. It matters little, whether
he live ID Greece, England or America whether
be fight under Leonidas, Hampden, or Wash
ington, it is the energy Of mind aud the sense of
independence, acquired By the habit Of freedom
which makes him superior to any people not SO
conditioned. With little training in actual war,
the people Of tho United States are yet thor
nH1 Ss.1 IL a. AZ -.
sound OF the drum their Imagination awelis on
the glory of their country; and they are quick
to the sense OF injury and insult. Since their
last importAnt waf-thnt Of 18l2!i:-n great
revolution has taken place in the military meaus
Of the people. Great nary yards, with ample
masesinls, Arc ready to put unry aAoat xhen-
ever needed. Foundrics for cannon, arsenals
nitre without limit million Of actise, hardy
3reemcn. Teady to spring to arms at mo-
lnentFB notice; and two thousand +1epex Of
Vest Point and Annapolis, taught all the ars
Of war which Europe or America knows,
make up IN armament and an array for war,
which the world has not seen exhibited,
whether in ancient or modern times. Ma
poleon had half q million OF men On the
danube, and arrayed munitions Of war, which
were never before seen, for the conquest of Rus
sla- fet, it was not France, which furnished
this vast material. lie had summoned Swede,
Saxon, Austrian and Italian to his armies; taxed
alt Europe for the tneana; forced the routh Of
France into conscript rahks; and when a1l vas
orcr. France lny bleeding, faipt,og, exhausted
by the effort, which WAS made. Yet, who can
doubt, that If the liberties Of America. still
vaster power would be arrayed, impel1ed BY
far greater energy! A million men could be
spared from the field and shop, every one Of
whom could feel. like the Spartaus Of Their
mopylae, that he was the defender Of liberty.
II is not without reason VIC say, then, that no
nation can surpass The United otates in 1ke
strength Of military array. And yet this is the
growth Of q century. In l76U we were but
weak provinces, under King George; and, but
for the declaration Of Independence. and the
Institutions Of Freedom, founded and presery~
cd In, We would not hare obtained half the
growth we have. Canada was settled long be-
fore the States. Settlements were made in
Florida and Louisian long before we were in this
Central West Yet il is only where freedom,
absolute, untainted with anr species Of bondage,
encouraged tho Immigrant, natiye and foreign,
power. that this mighty growth, this unequatled
progress has been made. Even in our Southern
couutry, where negro bondage was the only
drawback-cven that has cut of nearly half
! their growth. Next year, By Constitutional
provision aud established usage, the census will
the United States, that We anticipate its re-
| suit with muct, certainty, The entire country
will then contain thirty one millions Of pecpk.
There mny be Z few thousands less, hut it will
not vary materially from that point The total
is beyond The population Of Great Britain prop.
er, and must soon reach that Of France. Az be-
tween the several sections OF the country, the
growths has been proportionally something like
this:
New England, New York New JerseY, PennsJlrsnsa-
= p.r cent.
chic. 1zdl.a., 'aols Alehsan, Wisconsin, Minnesota
De!.wa,.. M.syl.nd v!rs.nia- North c.sutna. sou.i
cAso'lns, 3eesEiA-s& pr rtn:-
Kentucky: Ttnnes.ee, Alabama. Rlar.d., Alsss1rps
| Loutssana-es PR cent
Ml.tout k.azaA A1k,nzas, 1e1a1, New Ne1ice-so Pc,
California, urtson, Washington, rs.t-soo percent.
1t is easy seen, even If We did know the actua
fact, where the great body Of movement popu.
lntion is. Although the PR ctnt. is largest OF
the Pacific coast, ret the amount Of increase il
small, compared with TINT Of the Northwest.
OF the seven or eight millions added to tht
people Of the United States in ten years, one
third is IN the seven States which comprise h,
second section abore. The growth Of Sew Eng
land, New York and Penpsy lvania, is still large
though not up to tho general Average Of Ii.
United States. Hall The growth Of New lorl
is iu the city, and the residue in the towns. Th
agricultural population Of New York hss cease,
| 10 grow, mud annually sends its streams Of eni
grants 10 the West. In New England, th
| growth is mainly in the large towns and in tn
State Of Maine, which contains half the Sarfxc
Of New England, but is tbinly populated. Man
ufactures must aoon revive in New England
| when her towns will again rapidly grow. III
smallest growth in this country, is in the oil
States Of the South. 1t would be mistake +
attribute this wholly to the influence Of slavery
That has had its influence in turning the sireal
Of immigration away Whoever casts bis ey
over the States OF tie South will find they has
u. .kn
to them. Taking the whole country sogc, hel
therr is very large proportion Of poor land !
| the South; Virginia being half covered wit
mountains the Catolinas and Georgia har1ng
| large shnre Of barren lands. Tho aKricultut,
! advantages which Virginia once possessed, ht
pc ,ple almost destroyed by poor cultivation
till recently fand7 hare been sold On the Ja1nt
: and Rappahannt OK Rivers for g per mere. s.
also, with the exception Of Norfolk, there
scarcely.a good harbor in the South. This, wit
the shorter distance ACROSS the Atlantic, woul
hare carried commerce to the North il thel
had been no slavery 1t the South The idea
forming great commercial PORTS there is Vi
ionary scheme. The decrees Of Fate sre u,
cbaugcabte. Though mau may build St. P
tersburg on the Eevn, and Rome on the Tlbe
he eau gire to neither Of them that uuisers
:. commercial concentration which has built .
London. Liverpool, New York and Canton.
Its, in some degree, unjust to attribute Il
l Nlb" EIUHkA VI tlE VIZ SVAAA AViEty " AAE !
auenec Of negro Slavery. Looking to the &c
graphical position Of the great rivers and lax
!. Of this country, and the magnificent todY
fertile lands il the North Western States 4
=. min growth Of the country must, in IN esel
have been in the region where it ID sctual
! found. Undoubtedly. however, it would n
have been in 20 much greater proportion. II
= presence Of negro st.!ety., and the absence
= tha. great provision for Free Education in
Of NORTH r est, hare greatly retarded the grow
=; Of the South. Farther to the West, on the 10
= er Mississippi The colonies Of th. old S0uthe
E. States hare grown much faster, but still l
equal to eren tho old Northern Ststes.
sane causes hare had their effect there; e
anothcr one-that the rapid growth Of cot,
culture has made that whole couotry plan
lion region; and plantation country must
u. comparatively thiplJ peop'ed. There is nothi
u to make or sustain great towns there.
II The Pacific side Of the United States is
In. quest,onably destiped to grow very fast;
for reasons quite obvious, it viii never b.