The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-11-07

exceeded any public manifestations which TOOK
place on this side. Yet we have seen the ephemeral
rulers of the great republic seeking add fresh EN-
bauassments TO those which attended our war with
Russia, and we now again see how the prentice
hand of American diplomacy has been exercised in
repulsed overtures TO Commissioner Yeh and bafffed
cabals with Count Putatine Russia had her own
ends in thwarting English objects in the recent ne
gotiation. To uphold the barriers OF maritime com
mercia and diplomatic access to the interior Of the
Central Flowery land was to enhance the exclusive
value of the privileges she STIMULATING for her
self on the land side The entire faulty of Mr. Reed
anti EnglislI-and therefore anti-American-acto
throughout these negotiations can only be appre
cated by the light thrown it by the terms of the
Russian treaty. II is now manifest that he has been
made, or has made himself, Count Putiatines cats
paw-a function the less necessary as the latter
was abundantly capable for himself of extracting
all the cestnuts that were to be had for Russia out
OF the fire OF foreign hostities-and the more per-
verse, on the part of the Envoy Of a maritime
Power, as all the demands put forward by the
English and French negotiators were in the COM
mon interest Of American as of European con
merce.
We have only to imagine how the American mer
camille interest would have received the intelli-
gence that Mr.. Reeds apprentice diplomacy had
succeeded-had succeeded in the selfdenying object
of rcserving to Russia the exclusive privilege
of enlarged commercial and diplomatic access
in China. What they would have thought
of his success in such transaction may
sufficiently teach them what they ought To
MINK OF MS failure. Inc former would nave Deen
suicide; the latter is only "dshonor" without
infinite loss" The Times, after summing up lin
negatiye) the merits Of the special treaty concluded
by the American Plenipotentiary for his own
countrymen-"th there is no provision for free
transit through the country, no new ports, no
provision for an amended tariff nothing that could
be of the least value TO any class of merchants
wishing TO export fir ON the harbors OF America or
to import from the inner waters or the northern
sea coast of China'-proceeds as follows:-
win dad nice of Mr.
Reed not contenled with his achievement He was
not satisfied TO have made this wreched bargain for his
country he DESTROYS that Lord En should not
make better bargain for her and for civilization in gene
raj The Chinese Commissioners had agreed by letter 10
all the English and French demands the treaty had been
drafted and the hour had been named for the signature
when suddenly Mr. Reed and Count Puatine sought So
hmn audience of Baron Gros and represented to him that
II the height of oppression to insist upon any resi-
dent embassy Pekin that the free transit through the
country most useless aud offensive demand, and
that the additional ports could never be agreed 10.
We told that these circumstances pressed
strongly upon Baron eros that he who had special
interest in the commercial stpuatons would have given
up the points had he not been influenced by loyal regard
for the unity Of the counses Of England and France Weare
further told that the remonstran Powers forged
believed the fable that the Emperor Of China had
down edct positively forbddng the mandarns TO
cede these points For some hours the whole OF the sub
stantal benefits of this treaty in perl-we are
stating nothing which not well known throughout
the whole expedon-and the Americans were insanely
rejoicing al the apparent success OF intrigue that could
be beneficial only to the Chinese and the Russians would
rious to the English and TO the Americans.
The firmness of the English and the loyalty Of
the French Plenipotentiary saved the United States
from the telon stroke directed against themselves
through the sides OF England, by the faithess and
skiess hand of their own envoy plenipotentiary.
Now let Us see how Russia understands how to
stipuate for herself-after seeking, as we have
seen put her spoke of international scruples into
the wheel of English and French negotiation for the
general benefit Of all maritime States
hat
the interests Of Count Putanes master consists OF
only twelve articles The first contains the usual recital
tending 81 excite smile under the circumstances Of the
peace and friendship which has for number Of years
isted between Russia and China but also guarantees
ntercommuny of securities for the subjects Of the
spectye empires. The second article is Of more special
importance. II regulates the diplomatic relations be-
tween the two courts gives to every Russian agent at
open port right Of direct communication with Pekin
and provides for the passage Of Russian ENJOYS by land
or by sea, by any route they may choose up TO the
capital. The third article gives To Russia the very i'm
portant privilege Of trading TO the open ports, and the
fourth puts Russian shipping IN respect Of dues, upon
the same footing with other European countries. We
may pass over some Of the subsequent articles which
the presence Of Russian shire Of In Chinese
ports the treatment Of wrecked Russian subjects, the
exerrtoral iurdical mmuntes Of the subjects OF the
respective nations, and the circulation OF Russian mis-
siunafcs provided with passports signed by Russian
thortes. The ninth article contains stipulation dan
gerous 10 Chua-hat convention shall be held 10 settle
the frontiers Of the two empires the tenth
omaneipates the Russian ecolcsasto mission at Pekin
from all Is previous conditions Of Chinese control but
after 10 connect the two countries This eleventh arti
Gle provides that regular postal service shall be
tabllshcd between Pekn and Kakhta-a city on the
frontier, northwest from Pekn, and in line between
that capital and ST. petersburg-ior the communication
between the governments well as for the wants OF
thc Ecclesiastical Mission at Pesin.h II is stipulated
that the Chinese courefs shall perform the 10 and fro
vice between Pckin and kiaklla at least once month
aud shall make the transit in fifteen days. Moreover, IL
agreed that every three months convoy shall make
the transit between these points IN space not exceeding
one month and this convoy shall be equal 70 the
Of the favored nation clause, whereby Russia
ADDS 10 t Special si'prations which she alone can use
all the general advantages that have been fought for and
negotiated for by England and France
II must be remembered that Russia had no par.
,icipation in the benefits Of the treaty conquered
by England in 1912. These were confined 70 ine
subjects and citizens Of nations heretofore trading
10 Canton-to the maritime Powers, among which.
IN those seas Russia was not at that time included.
But by treaty announced In the ST Petersburg
Gasctfe as having been concluded with China livery
much Tombre) In May last Russia acquired
legal right 20 all that large tract Of Chinese terri.
tory situate TO the north OF the winding course OF
the Amoor. She thus obtained an outlet BY water.
way 70 the Eastern Seas In latitude sufficiently
southern 10 give free passage TO commerce for the
major part Of the year. Her positive object in the
new treaty was Of course 10 derive full advantage
from her new maritime position; her negative OH
ject 70 prevent other maritime Powers from oh
tanning participation Of those advantages she had
derived from her old territorial position-such a.
access Of their diplomatists 10 Pckn and Of their
merchants TO the interior Of China. The former re.
suit she has fully accomplished-'hc latter she
would have accomplished had England been no
better represented in China than the United States
spECULATIONS on THE FUTURE TRADE or
CHINA.
Iron the Ion1s@ Pest Oct Is
Tie must be q bold maa, indeed, who would ven
turc To estimate narrowly and definitely the consc
quenecs Of breaking down those timc-obseryod
dogmas Of exclusiveness which the Chinese adopt
ed for their rule of action. When the resources of
commerce are fairly opened 20 race numbering al
least onefourth ~ the total human species-a peo-
pie industrious, cumulative, moderately endowed.
too, with tho representatives 81 WEALTH. is pro-
babic hat trcn ute most sdngvine ideas already
fOrmcd ne 20 the commercial capabilities Of CANA
,ciR BE- largely c1oecdod Nv thc result
The vast eSpansivenes- II China in respect 10 the
produCtonsf articles either peculiar 10 IL altoge
Their or IN which il exces Is illustrated Nv the his
tory Of silk within the last few years. Whilst the
cfv ~ China 1aH0rr1 unfq /.