New-York daily tribune., 1858-12-03
MR. MARSHS TENTH Lee TUPE.

Tie Hoa. Mr.. MARsns tenth lecture on the English
language was principally devoted to statement Of
tie itauences which occupations and geographical
changes have upon wordp 1t WAS au altogether mis-
taken idea, lie SAIL that artisans or sailors used in
common conversation msny Of the technical terms Of
their business this technical language was TO be fouud
only in noyel-ony in the efforts Of others 20 repre-
,ent their suguege-ani never in TIE workshop on
slipbosrd, except by way Of joke or in the case Of
few words which had grown 10 be part of the CON-
mon speech. ColcIizatiln ad q most important in
fuence on words The settlers Of tins country applied
the names Of tie anmsls, trees and fowers which
they left behind in Europe, to the animals, trees aui
flowers which til. found in this country although hey
were all different species. They were obliged to ADOPT
their lar guase 10 the objects which they met. 1t
was pleasant thing to trace the different meanings
which were given 10 the word IN different coun-
tries Cam for instance which WAS the sam, word
az grain, vas used for that kid OF grain which was
tie general grain OF lie country ln England, corn
meant wheat in Geiiaauy, rye; in tue Scandinavian
peninsula, barley; and in the Ciited State, maize.
NJ af which q. iifs meant anythin. edible, had come
TO be applied only to animal food-thc main food OF
Arplo .Sayous-while flesh, which originally meant
pork alone in which signifca'ion il was preserved in
the word fitch, had cone 10 be rearly anonymous
with meat. BrlJcry vas formerly the action OF the
powerful, the governing in pundering his under
lincs; row it had become the action of the
man who paid money 10 tie official whom he
wished TO influence. In the middle ages the
uechai zeal trades were kept close, and 80 were
called mysteries by Tie people that word was still
found in tie form oi an iudenture O' apprenticeship
where t master engaged TO teach the apprentice ell
the steIes of the AIT. So in France, from myste
rum Lad been formed tue word metier occcpIton.
Words were also. when used very faniliary, liable TO
become clipped and ard soue;imes to depreciate
This made the difference between speaking aad resi.
irg. Language whi.h would appear very vulgar and
So shoi IN pint passed without remark in conveTsi
,io1 and appeared pciahtc TO Use .he language Of
reading or speaking 10 conversation. OF the c)ntrac
tiors don't r0st and StGnt Mf. Marsh aid tina, they
were at bat coTuIton Of thelancuGgc an were to be
employ ed a. little s. possible. He was sorry 20 say
that Ctares Lsub bad even commit cd hasHt aud ant
to writing il ole OF his letter, 20 Co!e1idge. The
decay Of a ration msl. BE- traced ia the decay OF the
words of its language. Respectable, il tie French
from which il was taken, equivalent to admirable
bu. il English il had gradually deprecated until it
had besI quoted il an English court as meaning
man who kept gig" 80 gentleman, meaning at
first person born Of a no5.e family, had gradually
coMe TO be sppled to the Kicker barsesse- aai, in
this democrsc country, TO every citizen. Sir Charles
Lyell, on reaching Western tavern, was very much
surprised to heas the landlord say Tie g,nt.emsn
referring - tie coa,hmarl who drove this nsn Sr
Charles here