The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-07-15
PRICE TWO CENTS

the Chlnese coolle trallc Yet what is the admis
SION OF the Ear OF Carn9rvon? Why, that the work
ing of the act has turned out to be far Loss ot;c
tory than had been anticipated, for it had boo, ~
stanty and Systematically evaded. But even If tbo
contrary were the case, immigration, as at prescnt
conducted, is radically vicious. 1t is in fact. onI
an organized system of obtaining labor, upon arbi
trary terms, at the expense of the creole population
and to the detriment of the colonies into which the
immigrants are introduced.
In 1851 the colony of British Guiana paid $751;
500, or about eli 600 sterling, out of its general
taxation the Immigration Fund account, and
there then owing to the public treasury from
the employers the further sum of S60000 about
El2OOO sterling, which had been advanced to them
on immigration account. Yet the bulk of this
enormous expenditure was paid by the laboring
classes, with whom these Immigrants are brought
into competition. The total number of the immi-
grants which reached the colony in that year was
1886, of whom l39 died immediately after their AZ
rival.
There is no return of the number that died on the
passage. We are told it is philanthropy run mad
to attempt to prevent immigration. But philan-
thrOpy does not oppose perfectly free immipration
What it objects to is the conveying of immigrants
into colonies under contract to work at rate of
wages fixed by the employers according to some ar
bitrary standard of their own, and for a term of
years also determined by them. 1t is not true as
has been said, that the Chinaman or the Hindoo
have one dollar day offered them by the planters
One shilling, one shilling and four pence is the
outside price, and their labor is found dear at that
DuC Whatever tne rate OF wages, 1t is not deter
mined by the law of supply and demand and the
system is therefore incompatible with what is COM
monty understood as free labor Let Indians Chi
nese Africans, induced by the love of gain emi-
CRATE as our countrymen do Of their own free
will, at their own expense; let them take their Ia
Dor to an open market, being free to select their
own employers, and the class of work suited to
them, and to contract for such term of service as
their own inclinations convenience prompts, and
no objection could possibly be raised to immigration
OF this kind, to any extent. But this class of i'm
migration would not suit the planters, whose object
is to obtain labor on their terms, irrespective
of the laws that govern it. Under such circum-
stances it not to be wondered at that the coolie
system should degenerate into traffic closely ap-
proximating to the slave trade, and should be de-
nounced as such by foreign governments.
THE FRENCH SLAVE TRADE TO THE WEST
INDIES.
From TIE Paris Constit"tio"nel, J'o'e 2o.l
The prosperity of these colonies (Frcnch West
Indies) Is generally measured by the amount of
sugar produced This constitutes in fact the first
element of their prosperity. In the days of slave
labor, colonial society was so organized that the
production of sugar monOp0liZcd everything. In
those times the cultivation of other productions
was impossible, and small prOprictors small cap
itaists were equally out of place there. Since the
emancipation, the r0ie played in the colonies by
the sugar planters has lost of its Importance
They ensure brilliant returns to extensive capital,
if judciouSly employed. They possess all the SYM
pathy of the mother country, and their interests
can neither be disavowed nor neglected. But the
abolition of slavery, by profoundly transforming
the mode of existence in our colonies created new
wants which must be satisfied. One deplorable
fact must be noticed portion Of the Io,cer class of
creotes has abandoned the cuIficatioa Of the sugar
cane, and has giren up regular arork. No doubt can
exist that the Incidence of these has resulted
as much to their own prejudice as to that of their
former masters; in fact they are following down
ward path which leads to barbarity.
But this danger has its compensation. 1t is sat
isfactory that class of petty landowners should
have been created by the abolition of slavery
These individuals it is true content themselves at
the present hour with planting a few vegetables
and fruit trees for their consumption, and then
abandon themselves to that Incidence which still
appears to them the principal merit of liberty
But they will perhaps Id to their landed posses
sions, and will recognise the advantages of cuva-
ting cotton or coffee; they will perhaps supply the
mother country with the valuable timber which
abounds in the interior of the islands, and in a
word, devote their energies to quantity OF lucrativ
undertakings. These deserters from the sugar in
terest may consequently remain useful members of
colonial society, and their children may become
prosperous and Industrious landowners.