The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-02-14

Our 1t. Petersburg Oorrespondence.
81. PETERSBURG, Jan. IL, 1855
Death Of Count Perogky- HIS LANDED Estate and il, In.
ortdnt Biographical Skech-Aduance Of Rus
in Central AHd--Wkat tie Car Effected during Tx
Late Wdr--Nes0 Years. Day--WiU the Calendar b
Changed?
By the death Of Count Basil PeroYsky, which happened
lately IN the Cinea where be had gone for the benefit
his health Russia has lost OF her able generals
and minstsrs-a man through whose indefAtgabe exor
tons and nvincibc teuacty Of purpose her dominion
been extended great part OF Central Asia The
gons acquired by him. IL 10 true though exceeding in size
many European kingdoms, are mostly sterile and uncut
| waited, and inhabited by wild tribes who only be
curbeo by military fear but they important not only
for the commercial facilities they Offer but from their
ing the high between Russia and Iudia The
QUESTIONS made by Peroky have diminished the distance
that separates the Russian and British empires In Asia by
at least half and have pointed the way by which
an invasion OF the latter from the former long derded
as chimerica may take place with comparative an
effect sketch OF the Of this remarkable
will probably be without interest To the American pub
lie considering the bearing has the
| prng in the East
Basil Perofsky was born at KharkoG OF a noble family
of Little Russia Like most young OF rank in this
country, be entered the guards at early age and
appointed aid de camp TO Grand Duke nj hoas with whom
he thus became closely connected and whose confidence
he after enjoy ed though the unbendng
Character OF Percfsy too nearly resembed that of the
future auccrat for him 10 be much Of personal favor
te his fellow aids de camp kaven and AdleyberS At
the resurrection Of the guards which ushered reigo
Of Nicholas Peroflsky distinguished himself by bis
ness and rtrepy and contributed not little towards
surng the wavering fidelity Of o: the regiments,
and crushing the resistance Of the others In 1929 be
al chi Of Drip1
siege and capture Of Anaps and afterwards accompanied
him to ysrna where he took the command Menschi-
kcf s beng placed hors du combat directed the opera
lions against that place till be- serousy wound
ed ana obliged 10 quit the army.
In 1855 be received tie appointment OF Governor Gene
raj OF OreDburg, where he destined pass
whole remainder OF his life in the prosecution of plans
which a,,er surmounting unheard OF diifc ites were
eventual crowned with At that time the pro-
vice. Of Orenturg which about pole the size OF
State Of New York, bu has population Of only two mil
ots was bounded on the south by the river UrA The
country beyond that river inhabited oy the Kirghiz
Latin OF Tartar race who divided three tribes
the Great, the Middle aro the Little horde The Great
horoe were DomDay subject Russia, but their egsnce
was very ecuptful while he other tribes their
n0ept ana the Ru territory by fire.
quent incursions Perofskys first task to subdue
these unruiy bsrbariSls
He organized several expeditions against them erected
lbe u forts ID their couotry AMI fns y succeeded
ducing them to subecoo. His aim the kingdom
Ct Khva ieitiie oasis In the great steppe Tonran,
which con names the route 10 the h,ncookusn the
pnsesSn OF which s ind.s pen sable to ob!a q firm
footing IL Central Asia For than century Russia
had neoattc the conquest of this region As early as
l7l7 Peter the Great had expedition against it,
which, however, ended in complete faure In fact, It
appears nature had combined every obstacle 10 rem
er the attempt nuTAtory The road 20 Khiya lies for
thousand nj through immense desert of SAND
aud gravel xuhou, talon aad without water The
elm presents all the OF burning heat sum
mer and intense coo Ia winter and the changes sud
oen that few osys suffice - convert the temperature OF
Africa into that Of 6seenlaId In June there Otter SNOW
succeeded BY heat or 100 ITO degrees aud even
kbSa which lies a, near as eau be in tue latitude oNew
York there are not unrequenty night rosts In the
Of August Besides this steppe nnedlael, north ef
khva Infested By rowing tribes OF rurc9mans subject
10 the Khan or that country TO his neghb3r the Khan
OF khokohd who have always teen inveteratey hostile
20 Russia aud lose opportunity Of punoe ing
Russian caravans their TO Bnkhara and Tashkend
was thee forays in consequence q which number OF
kussiar prisoners had collected Khive whom the Khan
refused n set at liberty that afforded prctex, for Pero
SIX! erpecton He chose the wster season, 10 which
the ground covered with thu coating Of snow
suitable for his troops than the summer when the fierce
rays Of the SUM- Of sand are rem
dere still ntoeIsbe by the psrct log drought aud
in November 1889, he set from 0renburg with we'll
appointed army OF 20 COO men, parity Russians and parity
Kirghz, attended, By 10 900 cames He marched about
300 les wnhcu VI meeting enemy but the Intense cold
the tremendous sto that threatened TO burg hs
IN the desert and privaions OF every Kind opposed
eiecusl barrier 70 nis further progress Nearly all
bis cae!s msty Of his soldiers pershed and he
nnsy under the Necessity VI abandoning the undertaking
and making the beat Of his back Orenburg where
toe remnant OF bis army arrived In deporabie condi
ton
Less determined characters than PeroGsy and his mas
ter would have been cscoui by such mishsp, but
only them 10 fresh exeruonss Nature herself |
forbc the execution OF their schemes IL
resolved to overcome nature. After elong and patent
survey Of The country between the Embs end the rDara
fortr erected the latter river, which received
the OF Arssk and which omusnss the fror.
ore nourg to Khva Bukhars ana Bikn Along whole
line tba. separates from the Erba. wells dug
distances ten twenty miles, AID protected by
al IT and forming many stations Tor the future
march o; an army nca was aunches oc lake Ara and
fortress built the of that grest
locked -hLes mira ierresskG-asoosk-So0 miles
from ore rbgig connected TIE advanced posts with TIE
.lVulT Tho
were made by expcrenced naufasts gnd me.eoroogats
he nature OF the SOIL the pecularues Of he Gilman,
Rnd every ftber topic tina, would have Influence ~
operations In those iohosptsbie regions Having
thus pared the way tor success PerOfi,ky undertc,
expedition TO roDran 10 1853 accompanied By an
KhfuIen Who had beeu sent from here to hi
cOnd command TbaLks To the precautions be nal
TAI en- lie iow crossed zoe oesert WI ie onsuy 80
jOueo nj Afak by portion OF the rou'a, aod pro- sed
DE the SIR Dariatbe Joxaries CT he snSents-s sch
be found naveabe FOR over 4oc ra'es, sitaoscd and
stOrmec The fortress OF Akmetchei, VI the 5lef
gnOlds Of the Khan OF Knox .ra ard caet tor
Pertsy. An sttempi % the enemy 20 burn tbs NOR
iapt port which forms toe key kb aud khC kssd
r,pused with great ssughter, IA lisa Perf<sy
resumed bis march khva at e. head Of T,0t1nen
The Khan did ct resist he approach; he
e.sars 20 meet him VINO concIuded asreaty, by witch
their sovereign ackDOweeged frasek the vassa 81 the
White Gar $50 tae EMPEROR OF Hcssia termed tfroush
Asia) consented N receive GJusss~n reside-t an
csyHa and s~rson, IN bis p-zncpsa towns 10 lace his
uoops al the DISPOSAL th cosstry, ano t~snhmt
trace and commerce.
Iarrg the course Of these esee fsxland snkros.
ed ~nh TIC eege 81 Sesaopo., aao Nal no eyes nf mat
~se occurring in Cenral ASA She imagined tse atieu.
ueo @, The Empero< Nicholas TOO much occupied
with the defence Of his Aominons fus him tc
tsxk OF offensive operations IN Other quarters,
.ad the rumors tina; were oarrent in Asa, aao
even found their way into the Indian Journals,
about the APPEARANCE OF Rsssan troops on the Oxu were
treated fables I, the meantime Per~rsky wAs
sc,vey employed IN consolidating his con aests The
Khan Of Kbokana hsstensd Ia san treaty On The ssrs
terms A. his ne shpor khivs, and had tie var vth
Fngnnd continued, II BY no aesns improbable THEA
ospos rnaiu lSanst India would have besa hszsrded,
~l f,ftuo he 70 nm As IL
display ss m gh, have led 10 the ovethros OF Br
Ush rule IN ae East The peace OF ParS has adJoHned
the collision that must ltrastey ensue between lsusss
DANGER ebich che scarcely expeced tut which. never
theless. uigm have proved fatal 10 her supromasy.
Whether tt Emperor Alexander will out th, inen
tous Of biz iabeS with The ard indo
nt.bs energy Abd whether he rl hpd another instru
Inent 80 able and interchangeable IN promoting them -