The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-10-26
THE MASSACHUSETTS, MILITIA.


ded into two classes, the active and the enrolled;
the latter consists of all cable bodied white male
citizens of the age of eighteen years, and under
that of fortyfive, excepting persons enlisted into
volunteer companies, and persons exempted by law,
incapacitated by physical and other causes"
The whole number enrolledi in 1857 little
one hundred and tifty-one thousand.
The active militia consists Of volunteers, who
paid a certain daily allowance when on duty. Their
number, by the returns of 1857, six thousand
seven hundred and thirty-tive men. These are or
ganized into three divisions and six brigades, en-
bracing two divisonary corps of cadets, COM
pany and one section of light artillery, five COM
panies of cavalry, and twelve regiments and one
battalion of infantry, and three battaions of rifle
men; in all, one hundred and two companies.
Since the year Ie43 olo'ns at has been in
troduccd into the administration and discipline of
the Militia of Massachusetts-we mean the system
of encampments. Once in every year, the COM
mander of each division is required to issue his or
dcrs for the encampment of his division, for the
space Of three successive days, at such time and
place as he may designate, between the middle of
July and the middle of October. Without going in
to any ofthe techncalities of the military art it
Is enough to say that the purpose of these encamp
ments is to reproduce far as possible the life of
soldier, in actual service, in time of war. Upon
the arrival of the troops upon the encamDino
ground early in the first day. the tents are pitched
in the places designated and before the close of the
day there is general inspection. During the
whole encampment the troops are thoroughly ex-
ercised, partly under the command of the company
officers and partly in battalions brigades in the
WnOle routine OF camp ana lelu duty, according to
the system OF tactics prescribed the laws of the Uni
ted States. Guard is kept night and day: and at
the close of each day if the weather permits, there
is dress parade. Upon the last day there is
general parade. The service during the encamp-
ment is no Joke but on the contrary, severe and
exhausting; so much to Overtask the energies
ofthose who not qualified either by native Vi
gor of constitution, proper training, to encoun-
ter good deal of fatigue.
This system or practice of encampments meets
our hearty approval; and this mainly the gem
eral ground that anything that is worth doing at
all is worth doing well. The militia, to be effective
must understand their art or craft and the art of
war, in its rudments, cannot be learned with
out time and patience The chief arguments against
the encampments rest upon the fact that they are
liable to abuse; that they attract loose and dsor-
derlv persons, and especially hold out temptations
to the vices of gaming and drinking. But it is no
valid argument against any institution or thinU
whatever, that it may be perverted abusedo
Encampments may so be managed and controlled as
to all the benefits contemplated by the leris-
lature in making provision for them, and, at the
same time, be guarded from all dangers and abuses
to which they liable; and it is obvious that the
more they sustained by public sentiment the
more likely is this consummation to be attained
Boston Courier.
DEATH OF C. F. DANIELs.-The New London.
Conn, Chronicle announces the death of Constans
Freeman Daniels late the editor of that paper and
formerly connected with the Courier and Lonirer
and several other papers in South Carolina and in
New York.
The Providence Journal says: Mr. Daniels was
of the most graceful and pleasing writers of the
daily press. keen and delicate perception of hu-
NOR, great faculty of expression, polished wit,
never descending to grossness, especially charac-
terized hlm. we do not know whether he or Jo-
seph X. Chandler, of the PHILADELPHIA Gazette now
the American Minister at Naples, wrote the best
paragraph; but they stood confessedlv at the head
OF that style of writing that is often more effective
than elaborate discussion. In the latter Mr. Dam
iels also excelled; indeed he was in all respects an
excellent editor, his information and his views were
large, and he held his profession in high and con-
sclentous esteem. No man could be more honora-
PIE ana no one had greater scorn for everything
that was low and mean. He true gentleman.
In ms friendships he was very firm and he made no
conceaiment OF his enmties and never hesitated to
avOw his opinions. -
Inc feuiue du Commerce, of Port au Prince of
the IIth OF September, publishes letter from Pa
us, announcing the brilliant success of several
!ouLS naytlan students at the French COLLEGES s.
Al the concors general of the Sorbonne prizcs were
distributed to Feneon Faubert c. Dupuv and
AIeNahGre Delva. Fenelon Faubert received one
Fao Gu ESlumes splendidly bound and guilt The
Emperor Napoleon sent him, in addition, forty vol
ulhes OF the complete works of Cicero. The Young
iaureat mad also the honor of dining with the Minis
ba ter oi tuolc instruction, occupying the seat of
Hph1r M petWeen Prince Napoleon and Nine. Roulland
Inc bands of the National Guards serenaded him.
anu reputation from the danes de Ia halle pre-
senteu MN with a monster bouquet. All the Hay
@ ueils resident IN Paris feted their young country
men, VINO had thus distinguished themselves at a
grand banquet. Besides these honors borne away
at the Sorbonne, the Haytien students at the differ
ent farls and IIavre colleges had in almost every
instance IN carried off the prizes in their divisions
Inc hayten journals of course plume themselves
upon THESE evidences of the intellectual equality of
the negro race with those who claim to be their
masters. They do not inform us, however, whether
tneSe students were of the pure ebony or mulattO
-Fhu EUenimg Journal.
The first celebration of the settlement of Cuvaho-
ga county, o., was held at Newburg, on Wednes-
day, under the auspices of the CuyahOga Historical
society. Of the pioneers present we noticed Mr..
culver, the sole survivor of the surveying party
and OF those who put up the first cabin where
cleveland now stands, and other pioneers were
present, number of interesting mementoes of
the early days of Ohio exhibited. After din
ner exercises were had upon the spinning platform
| which drew crowd of enthusiastic admirers Mrs
| Governor w ood presided at fax wheel which was
presented to her in 1920. The Herald saws. for
! aught we could see, Mrs. w. made just as good
/ linen thread on that rough platform as if twenty
years Supreme Bench service, two terms of Govern
orship, and Foreign Embassy, had never cluster
! ed their honors around the brow of the cold
Chief; number of the old ladies engaged in spin
ming, some OF them in the costume worn when they
were girls. Several of the pioneers recounted the
trials of pioneer life.
INDIANA CONGRESSIONAL ELECToN.-The demo
cratic majority on Congressman in 1856 was 6 227.
The three democratic districts give 1885 maj, and
the eight republican districts, 1852 making re-
publican majority in the State on the Congress
sional test, 8,624.