New-York daily tribune., 1858-10-12

"A 3 IN
.-;,e often brought from long distance,
in rough weather, accounts Tor ~e inoi'-n
When we consider, however, thaV ulc ue''"'
both in Moscow and ST. Petersburg annual! *. i
coed the births it is evident that the Government
..Los bo,4er care of its children than 20 the
-. .bor,seIves. OF the babies we yaw, sevtn
Ia Noon brought in on the day o. or yisit, up
. u.o ,;,,e Of our arrival, aid fourteen the
,-o,;ors dav. The nurses were stout healthy,
ncl, women, varying frcU twenty to forty years
&c soe. They all wore the national costume-a
dress bordereJ with scarlet, white apron, and
l,,ge fan.shaped head-dress of white and nd.
In every hall therc was lady-hke, intelligent
overseeress. In spite Of the multitude OF baoes
there was very little noise, and the most nervous
old bachelor night have gone the round without
once having his teeth set on edge.
The Superintendent then conducted us TO the
Office or agency, on the lower story, where the
children are received. The number OF clerks and
desks. and the library Of records, showed the ex-
tent Of the business done. looked over report
Of the operations othe institution, from s founda-
tion to the present time. The number Of children
corfded TO its care has increased from few hun
dred in 1862 TO 14C00 in 1851 Since the com
mencement Of this year (Jan. 13, o. s. 6,c32
have arrived. The entire number received in
ninety-sx years is $50, OOO, to which may be added
G0,CCO more, born in the lyingin hospital during
the sane perod-making $780, 600 in all. The
Petersburg branch affords still larger returns so
that at present 30,O 900 children are annually gwen
into the care of the Government. very large
proportion Of them are the offspring of poor mar
RED people, in all parts of the country. As the
children may aitcrward be reclaimed, on certain
conditions, and are in any case assured of as for
tunate lot, at least, ss would have been theirs at
home, the parents are the more easily led to take
advantage of this charity. The child il taken
without question: and therefore no reliable statls-
tics of the public morality can be obtained from
this source.
The Office is kept open night and day, and no
living child which is offered can be refused. The
! only question asked is, whether it has been bap-
tied If not, the ceremony is Immediately per-
formed in an adjoining room, by priest connected
with the institution, one Of the Oldest nurses, gem
orally, acting as godmother. Its nemc and num-
ber are then entered in the official book card con-
tanning them and the date of its arrival is attached
to its neck and another given 20 the mother, 80
that il may afterward be identified and reclaimed.
Very frequently, the mother is allowed to become
its nurse, in which she receives pay Ike the
other nurses After six weeks or two months in
the institution, it is into the country, where 1t
remains until old enough to receive Instruction
The regular nurses are paid at the rate Of about
$50 wear, in addition TO their board and lodging.
If the parents pay a sum equal to S25 on the depO-
sition Of the infant, they are entitled to have 1t
brought up exclusively within the walls OF the IN
sttution, where it is more carefully attended tothan
elsewhere. The payment of $500 procures for II,
if boy, the rank of an officer. The parents are
allowed TO see their children at stated times, and
many of them take advantage Of this PERMISSION
Tie greater part, however, live in the Provinces
and virtually give up their children 10 the State;
though it is always possible, by consulting the Hos
piial directory TO fnd where the latter are, and to
recover rncnr.
In the lyng-in hospital, all women are received
who apply They are SLOWED to enter one month
before their confinement and to remain aiterward
until their health is entirely restored. Those who
wish 10 be unknown are concealed by curtain
which falls across the middle Of the bed that
tLcir faces are never seen. Beside this, no one is
allowed TO enter the hospital except the persons
actually employed within il. The late Emperor,
even. respected It's privacy, and at once gave up
his desire to enter, ON the representations of the
Governor The arrangements are said to be so
excellent that not only poor married women, bat
many who are quite above the necessity OF such
charity, take advantage oft. In this case, also,
the number of children brought forth is evidence
as to the proportion of iegitimate births. 1t is
not obligatory upon the mother 10 leave her child
in tie hospital: she may take it with her if she
chooses but il will of course be received if offered.
Beside the soldiers, common mechanics and fac
tory girls, which the children of merely ordinary
capacity become the Government has, of late years,
established many of them farmers and coonists
on the un,utivated crown lands. They mated,
married, and comfortably settled in villages, where,
uadditon to Observation-Disclosures, they frequent
y take charge of younger generation Of ioundlngs.
have seen some of these villages where the houses
were all neat Swiss cottages under the projecting
caves of which the famae sat in the mild evening
air while groups OF sprightly children too nearly
of age to belong to the occupants spOrted before
Them. The people looked happy and prosperous
Ii there patriotic peasantry earth, they should
certainly belong to it. They are, in the fullest
sense OF the term, children of their country.
The ST. Petersburg Hospital. though in the heart
of the city, covers, with lis dependencies twenty
eight acres of ground. Upward of five hundred
teachers are employed many of them on very high