The emigrant aid journal of Minnesota. [volume] (Nininger City, Minn. Terr. [i.e. Minn.]) 1856-1858, 1858-04-14

Of this alriceltural column. Send yoar articles 10 my
address L. N. Counsryman, Hassings, or Nininssr,
MINI ~ s@.fTse' .''S +e3 sa'
W Usel0D o1lnes q Farmers. q ss9sa.
bic workings Of nature, and in those operations which
the flight Of ages alone make .p~parent-though they
are never ceasing-regularity is found under the guild.
ance Of unalterable law. Man has within himself per
ceptions Of the beautiful, and he who has them in the
largest degree will delight to see everything about him
arranged with the greatest precsion Of order and beauty.
But order is not only . feature Of beauty, hat, Is ever
the friend and ally Of usefulness. et sa
There is nothing in this Western country to prevent
q farmer laying out his fields in such manner, -, while
it shall be truly looked upon - adnirahle order, it will
save = vast deal Of inconvenience, OF what is the same
thing q world Of works. I wish to say here that l do
not intend my remarks to apply to those who, BY reason
Of scarcity Of means, are incapable Of putting them to
practice; but they who have the facilities, cannot fail
to see the importance Of Immediately attending to it. F.
LIST. 1t is the basis Of systematic agriculture to divide
the farm into fields Of the same size, if possible, SO as
to admit Of = yearly rotation of crops and ! sufficient
number Of fields, to give each crop its appropriate field.
I'd. These fields should all be reached BY roads,
either public roads, or special farm roads, 80 As never
to pass through any one to reach another
3. To save fencing material and isbor, and enhance
the beauty, fences should be made straight, and fields
square, or rectangular. 1t will save material for them,
and labor, and adds still more to beauty If the fence be
q post and board fence, or post aud bar.
4th. Placing the farmhouse and barn-if water be
.>.-.-.-H A. L. $4,000 -. >-~>As->Al~
A large majority Of farms in this county consist Of
l60 acres each, and for such . farm We would give the
following plan C subdivision Should there be 80 or
40 acres of openings, it will form a good pasturage for
cattle, while q small part SHOULD be fenced of for hogs.
This will leave 100 acres to be looked after, If the
quarter section be square, and . road runAing through
it. would divide my cultivated land into fields Of 20
acres each-80 rods long BY 40 iwide-leaving the IN
cultivated part for the time being with the woodland
pasture, unless a road interviewed. If the public road
lay along side of it, the same division may take place,
with the farm road running along on > line Of f~orties,
90 that all the fields may open into one lane, and q part
Of the fields will also open into the public road. Each
6eld should have as many gates OK bar openings a.
necessary, for it will not do to be letting down fences
always. sl1Ny trA
For q farm Of so acres with 20 acres Of timber, tho
fields should not have more than 10 acres, and l would
select, if possible, other circumstances being favorable,
the poorest land upon any farm, for the barn and barn
yard for this reason mainly: a %barn.yard, if it be ele.
waited, serves to enrich the ground for a considerable
space around, and as it will need less f~ertilisins At a
remote distance from the barn, much labor may be
saved by not having 70 draw the manure to a great dis
lance. 43@- @At 3<
In laying out any sized farm, from 40 70 800 acres,
l should make no difference in the size Of the field re-
served for an orchard. Not less than s acres. Fruit
is an important thing in the dietary economy, and too
little attention is being paid to its cultivation. No farm
is complete without its orchard Of apples,J cherries,
plums, blackbeuies, Strawberries tooseber;es all Of
which may be raised here, there IL no question. The
orchard Of a farm may be contiguous 70 the garden, and
should open into ? yard ls.disg = Z heass, and also
into q lane leading to the barn.
l have given these few hint, which slan bs1slaisassd
upon at some future day, hoping that seae who have
the means, will not be backward to act upon these sqg-
e-estious. } Such order and system eAi saly b broukbt
about by yearly additions and growth. Hence begin
now, to make farming easy and pleasant, Make sub.
divisions Of your farm Is fast - yea can As soon a.
possible get up good barns and shelters for fodder and
stock. At the earliest day practicable, set out an
orchard, andsaddisos yodfaeock yearly NJ Vest kind Of
berries. Set out ornamental Sarsas, ia. your sdoos yardls
and along your pasture fences. Gather about youstAs
most approved farm impleneats; SueA y sAAllsAss h.
Dor to yourselves and teams, and 2 lhe sene tine 1ksae.
ct the tsoil. Make . houssin which v k6sp eoJ6, When
not in use, and in = series IF ysars sheydwil more than
pay for the house. ~yy "a 81 TIE
Too Much LAND.-It is 3 capitaferror in any man
to desire large possessions Of lard Il isasos tlsnsas:
Der of acres cultivated, but the. Aspber Of acres we'll
cultivated that yields profit and satisfaction, ana saves
labor and capital. Many nen-especiaIy' young men
just beginning" the farming 'oeeupda'sa, think they
cannot do without two or three haadnsa aeresy some
want a thousand, and. to get ii, sacrifice ~ their means,
run largely inedsba, ;kssse 'noalisg gSftA&o purchase a
proper outfit, and 'alsef working auratwsG arse years,
under the disadvantages Of debt and il poor set Of i'm
plemsnss, they, besome disgssted, and quit TIE business;
all from an improper estinatieA Of the true wants Of
IN sgriculturist. ~ e1' 'Fs@ - s]if* u N3f7Sf5
One hundred acres make ) vstyy nice farm, xnd eai
.tiv.ting beyond 100 becomes speculation and, often az
astrous. A standing maxim for the succeasfal rarnel
is4bis Do your own work This viii aatefl al
surplus land, Ill outside and vexing specuhticns, your
work will be bstssr done, ysur gfasn b. nade more fer
tile and valuable, and you will actually have more time
for, self eultisasion-which, bsconess i s~hstserEef in
portance-and for those little matters Of tasts, which
while they make the premises beautiful, also add t. tht
value. On large fsrmss driving hurryiag, busting
business is carried on which is unpleasant. The owner
becomes BY his constant burden Of cares, > haid, agrasp
ing, a~varicious man. There are /. few, and very few
exceptions to this rule. ta1,..sa
! IL sou have too mschFhpd sells part, and Nv ou'
the proceeds in the purchase Of stock and implements
necessary to the better cultivation Of the reiasihder
Ifyou have considerable capital, and intend to com
nenee farming, Do not nv Il allops II lad; tst ilEso
much land IS you can veil stoek. and afterwards you
can add to it, Is circumstances will permit ;4sf q s4s
@ IT, Rot01o aba GotneQQQ1o1Qge