The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-07-28

the new Soiohiai government t. ~ reign- H.
extends from our frontier to the sources Of
Frazer river; 1t Ia cour hundred aas tweuty
miles long and about three buodrei Oro4d, with
sn ara OF about tbree bundrtd lhou-aud sqaare
1ies The territory takes iu tbe wbpie of che
gold feld- and all OF the best land, 81 FAR IA
known, In this part Ct Bri,'sb North America
Under the bill the CroSn ia to make TIA, lay. for
the new colony during five year,, and il before
that time the colony should have taa IN .terial
for self government Legislative Assembly anll
DO doubt he given. Toe Secretary, allnd,ng
to the circumstances tba. some gentle
men might think five years too short a
period, reminded the House that the larger
number Of immigrants attracted to the tigxiugs
would probably be Americans accustomed 20
self government, aud that the beet way to keep
them contenicd would be TO give them the form
Of government to which they were accustomed.
The value of Vancouvers IslaLd, as point
from which trade cnuid bc carried on wish
China, the Eastern Archipelago, aud so forth,
with the projected extension OF the railway
which low connects the Atlaotic with the great
lakes, to the Pacific coast, were also aisuded to.
The bill viii! probably pass without opcostion
II will settle at ODce the pretensicus of the
Hudson's Bay Company aud thetr agrpts They
certainly have no rights Oser the gold hed,
which Gre not in their territory, aud it has al
ieacy been decided in Australia tnat placer
eolo belor gs to the finder, aud the Grown has
only proprietary right over mines and their
products txcavated in the regular way. The
desps'ch of the colonial Secretary to Governor
Douglas neither permits or prohibits the H.
cense system, but hints very Ss'ougi, hat the
Crown will not sanction any attempt to enforce
the payment Of the tax. The whole mat
ter has already been brought before our
COVE, nment through q Liter addressed to
the Secretary of State by Mr.. Stevens, the
delegate in Congress from the Territory of
Washington. This document and the Paken-
ham treaty, by which we are secured In the
right Of navigation to Frazer river, are printed
in another part of to days paper. We are glad
to zee that the whole matter is to be settled be-
tween the Cabinets o. Grea, Britain and tue
United States, and We believe that the Derby
Ministry will pursue a liberal policy in the
matter.
The Frazer river mines have already taken
us from New York to Minnesota and California,
frcm California to London, from London to
Washington, and thence our attention is direct
ed to the events Oh the other side of the border.
The Canadians are already alive to the
necessity of direct communication with the
new auriferous region. They have q regu-
lar line Of steamships from Toronto to Fort
William, on the north west coast of Lake Su-
perior, ard a bill has been introduced in the
Canadian Legislature to build route from
Fort William to the settlements on the Red
river. This route will be nearly all by water;
1t will avoid the roundabou, way by St Paul
saving some eight hundred miles. The Mune-
sofa people FAY that they "will join heartily
with the people of Canada in the policy of colo
nizing the western districts of British America
and that "relations of reciprocal trade should
be extended over that portion OF the imperial
possessions. Our reciprocity treaty only ap
plies now to Canada, Nova Scotia, New Bruins
wick and the islands adjacent.
All these facts are pregnant with import 10
the future of the United States. The sceptre of
political and commercial empire has passed
from the South 10 the Middle aud Western
States. Southern statesmen have INDUCED the
hope that Cuba and Mexico would one day fall
into their hands and restore the pristine glory
Of their section. But with the prospect before
US of vast empire In the Northwest, q great
agricultural, commercial and mining country
filed with hardy, thrifty, industrious, iutell-
gent population English, Scotch and American
all blended In one amalgam Of power, the
North would maintain its supremacy against
any possible acquisition OF territory In the
South. The British statesmen acknowledge
that we have set them the example OF devclope-
ment, and that modification Of our system of
selfgovernmcnt il the best for their new colo
ny. Will not the American settlers ask for the
whole loaf when the half Ia 20 freely offered ?
May We not safely predict that before
many years the boundary line of forty-niue
will be obiterated, and that the war cry of
1874" ffty-four forty'-witbout the fight, sill
he heard on the other side Of the lineg Mime
sofa and Iowa, Us Mr.. Roebuck says, are filling
up to the frontier aud, gold or no gold, the rush
OF immigration will soon cover all the avail
able lands between the Red river and the mouth
Of The Columbia The pioneers in this move
mcnt will be the frontiersmeD of Nebr aska
Iowa and Minnesota, with progressive par
ties from Canada, who will conquer the
territory, not with arms in their hands,
but with the gold rocker, the plough,
the loom and the anvil, the steamboat, the
railway and the telegraph. Commerce and
agriculture, disepthralled by the influences of
free institutions, will cause the new empire TO
spring into life, full armed, as Minerva from the
brain Of Jove. Its Pacific ports will be throog-
ed with ships of all nations; its rich valleys
will blossom with natures choicest products,
while its grand rivers will bear to the sea the
fruits OF free and honest labor. Great a. have