New-York daily tribune., 1858-06-26
CANADA.
Prom Our Own Correspondent


nue. is S. 366 400, and the estimated expenditure,
for ordinary purposes, SIS 26l,4l A deficiency
Of 81, ,040 900 for purpose which l,st yeM figured
amoug the item, of ordinary expenditure, bu. which
has now received separate classification has to be
provided for. 1t is required to meet the interest
on loans advanced to railroad companies. This is
the Only deficiency; aud the Inspector or-Gstersl pro-
poses TO meet the whole of il, except S24S, 900,
without resorti0g to additional taxes. And this
amount he proposss TO raise by tax on taverus-
in addition to the license pow payable to the mu-
ncipal,ies-an excise dusy on whisky, au increased
import duty on the same article, light tax on
beer and tax to the extent Of sos 900 on shipping,
which is less than half the expense the Province is
annually put to for lighthouses for the benefit
of the shipping interest. The Maine Ia.
and temperance people will probably not De
displeased with q series of measures which must
have the effect Of rendering intoxicating drinks less
accessible. 100000 Of overdue timber license
money is aso to go in liquidation Of the deficiency.
The parties who owe it have had one years grace,
and now they will be required to pay up. The re-
mainder is to be made up by collecting debts due 70
the Government on account of crown lands. The
amount due il 81, 600 000 of which one-thrd will
be sufficient for the present year. But as under
any system of collection, the money could not ne
realized at orce. the Inspector General asks liberty
TO issue species of exchequer bills in anticipation.
AT how long dates they will be drawn has not been
stated.
Such are the means BY which our Finance Minis
ter rexpecs to get us over the difficulties of the pres
ent wear Last year be found it necessary to real
100 Il GOO 600 on loans authorized to be negotiated
NJ different times during the last nine years. All
these loans were authorized on account OF Pu0lc
works, with one exception and that was tne Rebel
lion Losses loan Of lS49. The works which these
loans were TO cover were executed, and the rebel
lion losses were psid but the money was taken
ont of the surplus revenue Of the different years so
that the savings of those years took the shape OF
unissued debentures instead OF cash, which would
have contI acted the circulation and involved loss
of interest had the debentures been issued at the
time. Last year these savings had TO be brought
forth; the dcbentures had to be placed on the mar
ket at au unfayOrable times and this year the Fl.
nance Minister has to provide for deficiency OF
$l,Q4000O.
A rearrappement of the tariff il promised, for the
purpose of affording incidental protection and en-
couragement to native industry. Direct protection
is disavowed; and the Finance Minister alleges that
he does not expect the new arrangement to add to
the revenue The list of free articles is to be in.
creased, and higher tax put upon silks and other
articles which are regarded as luxuries.
The Government has brought before Parliament
measure for protecting and regulating the fshe-
res of the Province and for granting bounty to
the deep-sea fisheries. The fisheries have hitherto
been much neglected and their productlveness has
been greatly reduced. Many of the salmon fisheries
have been entirely destroyed and others now pro-
ducs less than one tenth of what they did formerly
Last year two Superintendents of Fisheries one for
IIpper and the other for Lower Canada, were ap-
pointed: and the bill now before Parliament pro-
vides for the appointment of four others. 1t ls In
tended to lease tho internal fisheries both as means
of revenue and Of protection. The amount realized
from the lake and river fisheries is to be given in
bountes to the deep-sea fisheries, which are now
almost entirely monOpozed by French and United
States fishermen who working under the stlm-
ulus of bOuntes. The whole amount of the bounty to
be given at frat by the Canadian Government s Sl4,
OCO and the vessels which intend to obtain shareO Oft
will lave to obtain license. No more licenses than
will cover the amount of the bounty will be issued.
The bounty is to be on the tunnage of the vessel,
not on the fish caught. The bill, after encountering
the usual opposition. passed second reading by a
very large majority; that Canada may be said to
have fairly entered upon the system of bounties for
the encouragement of the fisheries.
Nearly all the questions before Parliament this
session are of commercial character. Questions
of imprisonment for debt preferential assignments
usury laws are but samples of the rest The
mower of arrest for debt will be much abridged;
preferential assignments will be forbidden and 1t "a
not impossible that the usury laws may De lnOdi-
fed On this question the Government introduced
a sweeping measure; but they found it necessary to
recede from the position they had taken and, instead
of unlimited interest on commercial paper having
less than twelve months to run, all that ls now
thought of is seven. Of the political questions be-
fore the House, or struggling to get there there
are none matured which are OF much Importance.
The question Of federal union OF the Provinces
has not yet got beyond the notice paper; and 1t Is
doubtful whether il will be awarded the honor OF
preliminary discussion this session. Mr. Gait, the
representative Of Sherbrooke, is its Leading adyo-
cate in the House. Some members OF the Govern
ment are understood t0 favor the PROJECT; but as
Cabinet they have no other policy IN regard 70 II
than TO let it alone at present. This Is question
wbich finds more favor in Lower than in Upper
Canada. In this sec IN Of the Province there
4. disposition to demand that the Parliament
arv representation shall be based exclusively
upon population and If such proJect
could be carried into effect, the only
possible guaranty for the OF tine distinct
laws and peculiar privileges OF the trench Canadian
population-equalty of representation In the Legs
iature-would be at an end. The French Cana
dians. seeing this and fearing the success OF the
project are inclined TO set up In opposltion 10 II
scheme of Provincial federation, which would leave
them in possession of all the rights pertaining to
distinct Province. Iu Upper Canada there are 10
be found persons who, TO certain extent Iali III
with this view, who conceive that the time Is com
ing when Upper Canada will almost UNANIMOUSLY
demand larger share of Parliamentary influence;
that the demand will be resisted BY the whole OF
Lower Canada. aided by few Of the eastern con.
stituepcies of this section of the Province aud tna
federal union Of all the Provinces will afford the
only solution of the difficulty. But the matter Is
not deemed of such pressing importance as 10 rem
der necessary any immediate acton. me quc'',oi,
Of a federal union is therefore generally regarded
as immature. and one with which the future-not