Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1858-12-04

Ha1urtlay Morning. ........s 0ecr 4, 1865
re Railways Of o. World.
Fsen N interesting article copied tsto The
Anssisaa Railway Times. from the London Esg'-
.s1. ~ conden.e the following facts in relation
setAe Railroads Of ths diEsrsat nations IN the
wotsa
AZ present. tAsrs ere about $1,000 nilss OF
railway in he vorid--shere being $4,000 miles
in the Uo;tsd Eeasss, $500 in Great Britain. about
Asoo miles IN Rrssos and perhaps 10000 miiss
i. an osAsr countries Together In Great Britain,
though sssss q . gsssral Impression that railway
buiidiae d u IN end, We are informed that char
sers,havs been grated for the construction OF
nearly Eve thousand additional mile~-of which
il i estimassd shst moro than one half will GER
tsinly 10 made. The construction Of railroads
will doubles. 70 on in oil quarters Of the globe.
iar many ysars to come, at the rate Of thousands
Of miller annually. In ten years, probably. tho
present aggregate length Of the railroads Of the
earth will be doubled.
In the Uated States. always the greatest seat
Of railway operations. q considerable extension IL
contemplated. Throughout the country various
connecting lines are required to complete the pros
ent system. Some of these will open up through
routes Of great Importance. Probably 1890 miles
of these connecting lines are still required. West
Of the Mississippi river and in Texas from 1000
" 5000 mile. Of railway are projected with the
view Of construction. This is exclusive Of . rail-
way to the Pacific.
In Canada, railway enterprise has proved ex-
tremcly improbable, excepting the Great West
srn line, which has the advantage Of large traf-
&c between thu States. The Grand Trunk Com
pany will soon ccmplete it's great line Of l.l26
miles, about 900 miles being already in use. The
growth Of the country to which SO strong tide
Of British emigration is moving will in a few
years furnish it with an immense traffic. In the
event If the construction of continental limo to
the Pacific, the Grand Trunk would form its great
eastern section Of more than 900 miles. Other
railways are progressing slowly, aud with very
moderate encouragement in Canada
In Russia, in addition to the national limo from
St. Petersburg to Moscow, the Grand Russian
Railway Company have u concession Of 1855
miles. including lines from St. Petersburg to War
saw, and from Moscow tn the Crimea, with trans
verse lines from to the Baltic to the Deneper and
from Moscow east, A line to connect the Volya
end the Don is also contemplated. to correspond
with powerful steamers to lie placed On those rlv-
ers. The complexion Of the linn TO the rruss'an
frontier has been hxcd for January, 1861 In all,
from 1000 TO 6.ooo miles oi railways are immeji-
ately required III RUSSIA; ,.ul while Russian bombs
remain ct IL per cent. prcmiuni there Is little
doubt that sufhc.en, means viii I've forthcoming,
the Government having guaranteed five per cent.
upon an estimated valuation Of the i,ew liIes.-
European Russia, allowing it but ono tenth # the
proportionato extent If railways posse'sel 10y
Great Britain, wonli have 10000 miles. Tho
present aspect o, Russian political affairs, inc!u.
ding the probable smau cip patton Of the twelve mil
lions Of serts indicates rapid progress and great
ultimate development Of the industrial and cor,-
mercial interests If the country.
In Austria the Lombardo-y ene.an and South
Austrian system will be, whom completed. one Of
the most considerable in Eutopc, $50 miles are
already in full work WHILE when all the lines
completed. it will have nearly 1900 miles, con-
Meeting Austria, Hungary. and Southern Germa-
ny with Trieste and Italy, and extending in one
uubroken line from Vienna 10 Milan, and from
the Bavarian frontier to Florence.
In Australia railway works are proceeding but
slowly.
Spain has nearly 1900 miles Of railway in
working and in construction, besides several hun
dred miles Of projected lines. Should the Spanish
Government take pains TO restore its foreign cred
it. large amount Of English capital would find
iss way to the railway enterprises Of Spain.
10 New South Wales, E7OOO0O have been ap-
propristed for railway works to be carried On du-
ring the present year.
In Brasil two important lines are going forward,
the D.,n Pedro II. Railway. and the Bahia and
San Francisco. The second division Of seventeen
miles Of tho first mentioned line, and which has
been undertaken BY Col. Garnet. formerly of this
city. 10 reported As tho most difficult piece of
Railway work in tho Western hemisphere.
Going to the other side Of the globe, India has
become great field Of railway enterprise. The
great Indian Peninsula Railway, will INCLUDE
LBS miles. The discontinuous portions Of the
line now open, are earning above E90,0 yearly
and are saficisnt to show that the scheme will be
sclfsupporting on its completion.
The East Indian line has boon opened to Gavin
pore. making 30 miles in operation. Each Of the
great Indian lines has carried, upon the portions
in use. abuut half a million Of passengers, and
from 10000 to 10000 tons Of merchandise, in the
last fiscal half year. These lines are constantly
generating new ,rsfhc. are raning the wages aud
increasing the value and efe tiveusss Of native
labor. have considerably increased tho external
trade Of Iudia, and have otherwise done much
good
In many other parts Of the world railways are
also bs;ng ju,t commenced extended. In most
n these Countries the new lines are what our ear
lise railways ~ere to US; and the time 10 not.