The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-11-19

The Protective system IN SOUTH AMERIcA.-A
contemporary has called attention to the foolish
policy of the Legislature of the Argentine Confede-
ration in attempt which it has Just made to force
the foreign trade of the Confederation up the La
Plata instead of allowing it to take the course hither
to found mostconvenient, of transhipment Buenos
Ayres or Montevideo. Almost all the foreign trade
has hitherto been carried on from these two ports
the ships of the Argentine Confederation, or Uru-
qua, Paraguay, and Buenos Ayres, being almost
exclusively employed in the river traffic of the La
Plata. The quarrel and separation between Buenos
Ayres and the Confederation appear to be the cause
of the policy which NJ. UrquiZa pursuing on behalf
ofthe Confederation. He wishes, by differentia du-
ties to force the foreign ships to sail directly to the
higher States, instead of enrichng Buenos Ayres by
bringing thither all the La Plata commerce. The
Confederation, like every State in that group except
Buenos Ayres and Uruguay, which are enriched to
some extent by their respective ports of Buenos
Ayres and Montevideo, is very poor. And like Para
quay, tor instance, the Argentine Confederation ap-
pear to be bent on overcoming difficulties by stopping
up their only source of increasing wealth. Their
revenue fails and they raise the export duties and
import duties to increase it, and gradually di-
mnish the wealth they have. Mr.. Henderson, the
English Consul at Assumption in Paraguay, spoke
in his last published report of the disastrous effects
OF this policy. "Hides, raw and tanned be says,
"torm the only additional article of expectation of
any Importance, but the production is falling off
yearly. In 1856 the number of hides exported by
the Government and trade together did not exceed
thirty-f thousand. The system of Government
monopoies and restrictions, the high duties and
charges merchandise and shipping, the constant
acquisitions the agricultural population for the
public service and the Encouragement of foreign
enterp rise and employment of foreign capitol ne
cessarily keep down native production, and retard
the development of commerce, which would other
wise increase rapidly in country possessing all the
elements OF prosperity and advancement in civiiza-
tion.'
The State of Paraguay is in every respect, very
similarly circumstanced to the Argentine Confeder-
alton. We have no recent official reports from Pa
rana the capital of that Confederation and there
FORE in discussing the results of the tendency of
the protective policy, not adopted, but now
pushed to the furthe9t limit it has hitherto reached
we may be allowed to judge from the similar case 0
Paraguay.-London Economist.
The PRoDuors OF LIBER1A.-Stephen A. Benson.
President of the Republic of Liberia, says in a re-
cent letter:
''Since the close of our National Fair in Decem-
ber some three four of our citizens have raised
and cured good leaf tobacco as has been brought
to this country from the United States within the
last ten years-tobacco for which the natives pay
down fifty cents per pound readily. Two of the
planters, being old Virginia tobacco growers, de-
clare that the article be raised and sold here
for onefourth the cost price it in the United
States. They say that they have satisfactorily de-
monstrated that fact, and several acres of it are
now being cultivated. | am also credibly informed
that since the fair there have been at least hun-
dred ceres of cotton planted in this county alone
by Americo-Lberans, and the other three counties
have planted in proportion. This, however, can
only be considered year of experiment in the cul
tivation of cotton and tobacco by citizens, and
l am rejoiced to that far their highest hopes
have been realized" -r.-. r..
The trial of the Rev. Daniel Downey, Catholic
Priest, on a charge of the murder of man named
Kelley by shooting him with pistol, at Staunton
Va, resulted on Monday last in the jury finding
him guilty of murder i'll the second degree. The
term of Imprisonment in the Penitentiary was fixed
at eipht wears