The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-04-25

race he range over the and plains M as.
wardrobe from the backs OF the deer and buffalo and To
Reo upon their rich lons he must always be able 20
punish bis enemy with his hand he M ct be permit
eo " poupce upon the solitary herdsman aud steal his
drove without fear Of beng punished aud 10 commt all
oeher depedatons that gsest themselves To Ihs
mmo or ne u no longer Camaache Indian. II may be
wen ior our ora'ors TO euloGzs the poor lAdan, and
Tor our posts to sing their songs Of HSwaha But for Il
much OF the finest literature that adorns libraries
would be lost
or the six hundred eocamped at the village on th,
cooper kes ervaboD some three hundred They
90 no WORK whaever and viii not cultivate the soil Tney
HOOK upon the tage OF the soil work t only for laves
and depend upon the ratsops dealt out them by the
officers Of the government for their subsstenoe Parties
The pretence Of going on hunting expedition, when the
osensibe purpose Of their hunt in search OF plunder
that they may stea and they have recently steal
ing horses and mules fiom the settlers the vicinity Of
the camp, and run them of 1, the Wtohta mountains and
selling them TO other bes returning without sny other
snless they should be 30 fortunate 70 stumble
upon stray antelope deer. Thus millions OF dollars
Of tho public money annually expended IN stall feeding
class of beings whose only delight steAl whose
imagined injuries must be atoned for by blood. n -.
The appearance OF the soil nom Fort BelknAp 70 Fort
Cbadb bourne bears every evdepce Of possessing great
agIc1ltnIai wealth. extends over some ine praries
and through several beautiful ranges Of mountains An
Abundance OF good water every where be found on
the route, and lane and sand stone quarres abundant
There scarcity Of timber for building purposes but
this deficiency made mp from the Asge amount Of excel
lent stone which be obtained from Qu aries Con
siderable quantities Of MOSQUITO timber ia scattered over
the plains which makes excellent fuel and great forests
Of post oak timber Ab0urd nearly the whole distance along
the road at from one 70 four miles This will for
fencing purposes, and can be used for building in Of
necessity.
The soil In Northern and Western Texas Is we'll adapted
70 the cultivation OF all the smaller grains, such wheat
OATS rye barley &C. but " not calculated for corn pota
toes and heavy crops II strange that the people here
have not turned their attention the raising Of
ent os s~cb G TS rasng n ,%e vaas Of
rain during the summer season renders the cultivation OF
this crop almost mpractcabe The principal maie Of
10 Nf
oats are far preferable good sheaf furnishing both
feed and forage The great obstacle in the raising OF
cOrn-want Of rain would have little effect upon
oats, the crop would be too far advanced before e
fects Of the drought could be felt any great extent
Fort Cbadoourne situated the northern frontier OF
Texas was established in 1852 Acc ordng to the
Of Capt Gray is In latitude 30 degrees minute aud 10
seconds and longitude very nearly 100 dsgress and mi
nues The tort s under the command Of Capt King, who
is now absent attending one OF the OIL ,ers OF Court
Martial at San Antonio The temporary mani Of the
fort devoved upon Lea Reynolds, Who together with
power calculated further the objects Of the Overland
Mail Expedition. Two companies Of the first infantry
and Fare Stationed here for the protection
O. the garrison and the settlers. There Is necessity
for so large force, depredatons have been com
mted By the Indians In the vicinity O! the fort for
months In fact not an Indian has been seen in the pre-
cir cts Of the garrison for year. About al that Is
REQUIRED OF the troops TO eat bread and meat AMI smoke
and sleep for all of which occupations they are abun
The climate the vicinity of the FORT notwithstau iiog
frequent and varied changes one of the most healthy
IN the Union. Sickness Is an occurrence which rarely
happens among either the settlers or troops
This climate may be said 70 extend 70. several hundred
miles along the eastern borders Of the sae The air
warmest days Of piece of fresh meat II an ee
walton Of two hundred feet above the earth will become
dry and hard before decomposition will take place.
There Is between Fort Beknap and this point large and
to all Appearances inexhAustible beds Of iron. saw
several specimens which were fully equal TO the best
iron ore taken from the mines Of Pennsylvania It also
believed that coal and other mineral deposits abound
this region.
am Impressed with the great and lasting advantages
which win be derived from the establishment Of mail
route and line of stages running from the valley OF the
Mississippi 70 the Rio Grande. The only way thai tue
northern and eastern portion Of Texas can be brought b,
fore the favorable consideration Of the public, and IT.
agricultural and mineral Advantages exhibited. TO make
opening FOR the Northern and Eastern emant by way
Of the<soy u tic Msatsspp without being compelled
Va by the way Of New Orleans aud the Gulf which
the when the climate and the inclination OF the
grant would lead him TO travel. Unless this or some
other established this obstacle viii forever
prevent dense population from being spreai this
country. II vii, be picture in which many richly glow
ing parts may be ssen but will remain the abode OF the
savage and the range Of the deer the antelope and the
The expedition will leave here today proceeding ~
direct As practical 10 Fort Fillmore, near Il Paso,
on the Rio Grande II Is expected that II will occupy
some twenty five days 10 accomplish the distance II s
the intention 70 travel through range Of country
harcy and cast OF the surveys OF Capt Gray Tor The
Southern Pacific Railroad The course will be due west
travelling by compsss) 10 the Mustang Springs. Ia be.
heved that much nearer route be found from this
point 70 the Rio Grade than either OF the which
have been previously explored.
The members Of the eIpedtion-the greater portion
OF whom New Yorkers-are all In excellent health
and have encountered accident Of during trip
thus far. The distance from 81. Ious-neary eight
hundred moshas been accomplished in forty days Iess
time than ever train passed the route before aud
the stock IN equally As good condition whom they left
Accompany the expedition " Fort Fillmore