New-York daily tribune., 1858-02-03

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Rext.
AMERICAN INSTITUTE FARMERS LIB
TryspAY Feb 2.-1he President, koBI' L. rALis
III ESsets Of the Warm yipter-Ths Secretary, Jadge
MEfGs, exhibited variety Of specimen, oi ouos 20
| how the effect of the present warm WINTER upon
them by which it is proved that all plant, nsuveto
| This climate and so do not develop their ouds 20 40
10 be injured while those introduced nom warner Gu
mates have come forward TO 40 eHen, naos ~ &c
ured by severe cold Indigenous plants do nss pa,
forth until Spring while Others, Ike the Peacs sho
cherry have frequently come forward, a. they
this Winter TO such degree as to be N aaAs'' VI
The kinds of buds exhibited were ofthe f)uowng res
| and plants: White oak Norway maple, sugar mAPe,
white bich white oxheaIt cherry p%aha % s,s.h rs,oag
noe birch black walnut wild cherry olack or,n
| birch from Parsons Nursery, Flushing, L. L. sion
DIR. Stalks garcen, BEDFORD, l; oH1eaii easms,
peach and 6om the garden OF Mr.. oadie ., r,,
tawton blackberry weeping willow, raspberry. rIoi'
the garden of Henry Meigs, , corner OF Seven'n ave
nue. and Thirteenth street. New-iork, Wistane tfam-
| petit creeper, tree cranberry prare rose, ieapsh"
| grape. .,,..,, ,a;,o,orsb ba,a z,
| exactly tie same is in any severe Winter whie
the Others such Damascus rose, cherry, &c, sno"
very plainly the effect OF the conthue9 war meahe,
The peach, too which is native OF cline ths; does
not have ts periods of Information OF plants ana sea-
sous of putting forth leaves aud blossoms nxed upon
certain time OF the year, is in danger OF coming i9r
ward now 10 such degree that the Nltalty oi tue
/ fruit. buds will be destroyed. -
| Pototces-Neoc Varieies-- Cutcdtion.-Nr. PEtL
presented several of potatoes collected 20 feru
| by Mr. Eugene koehn> the importer OF the herd OK
| lamas lately mentioned in The TRIBUsE. Mr.. Pel
read paper upon the history of the potato and its
uses a. food contending that the potato s the ony
sole article that can be used Tor iood anu that a.
other vegetables require mixture ct some other SUD
stance to support man in healthy condition. Inc
| potato contains gum, starch and woody hberi all
requisite in food Their value varies in the same va
L ind rant yaurs
soils, Although the potatoes CONTAINING tue greatest
quantity of starch the most valuabe the exuaced
| starch is not q good substitute for the whole tlber.
| Manure should be used calculated to Increase the
quantity of starch and soil and varieties selected for
that purpose. Mr.. Pel also recommends the produc-
ton Of varieties OF potatoes from seed balls lie
| showed some handsome tubers resembling the En-
| gish whites, which he had produced. HIS potato
ground is always plowed in the Fall and subsolled ID
the Spring. And in harvesting potatoes dry weather
shou'd always be selected. Mr. Pell advocates cut
| potatoes, or gouging out eyes for seed. -
Prot. MAPEs-l differ from this plan. have tried
the experiment faithfully. The difference largely
| IN favor of whole potatoes l advocate whole seed,
deep blowing, special manuring and fiat culture. In
cut potatoes the starch turns to acetic acid in the hill.
| The most careful experiments have proved that the
whole tubers will produce much the most prof able
crop. The experiments of Gen. Beatson, upon the
Island OF st. Helena upon very large scale, have
| proved the facts have stated. These experiments
extended through three years, and these and my
experiments, and those Of the N A. Phaanx in New
jersey, AL go to prove the importance of planting
| whole tubers.
| Dr. WATERBURY-Tbese tubers are nothing but en-
arged portions Of the potato staksit is not the seed
Of the plant These portions of the stalk may be cut
and each portion become reproductive, Just ike the
portions of any other cutting that will grow when
planted in moist earth. Ii is possible perhaps 10 snp-
| ply the necessary pabulum by artificial means where
| cut potatoes used.
DR.. USDERHILL--I have always been the most sue
cessi4 IN using medum-siz tubers, and have tried
many experiments. only plant one in place. IL l.
| OF the utmost Importance that We lime upon all
| our potato land.
| JoHs c. BERGEN-My observati have generally
corresponded with the plan of planting potaoss
| as recommended by the President. j have usually
got the largest yield from cut potatoes of marketable
tubers have tried very large tubers for seed and
must acknowledge the crop was superior The vines
were larger and they matured earlier. This took
much larger quantity of seed.
| This discussion upon the potato subject was
tinued by several persons without any definite result
| every one having dogma of bis own.
| Dr. CsDERHILL said that he had always found
potatoes that produced balls much heavier than
those from vines not producing balls and he thought
tat here was not attention enough paid 10 the weight
| Of potatoes.
| ALASsos NASH read very long paper entitled,
The Red Cauie Of Ner-EHglaad, which embraced
not only ell Of that color, but all others and al nations
golnglback to their origin in Europe and how they
were introduced into New-Engand by the Pilgrims,
and how they have been crossed and recrossed and
conglomeIated together till the progeny is distinct
breed different from that Of any Of the original
stocks the Devon type however, and red color pre-
dominating. OF the original Devon breed, Mr.. Nash
| reiterated toeraby well.known fact, that il is made
up Of several breed, which have been improved t,1
their present perfection. The paper speaks highly OF
some of the breeds OF Scotch cattle, and states that
the Irish native cattle, better known az the Kerry
| COW, are OF a variety Of coors Of small size and
| air mixers, but inferior for feeding on account
| OF their weight when fatted The Durhams
| originated in Yorkshire and Durham, and were
called Ieeswater cattle. The Durhams of the pres
ent day are the largest Of all beef cattle. One -
stated TO have weighed 81 cwt. alive, which is the
greatest weight OF any English bovine given. One
OF the earliest good breeds in England the Leces
teTshre long g-horncd cattle. This is the breed that
Blackwell improved upon. The Sussex breed Of cattle
furnished the type Of many Of the original Connecticut
stock' Ihc DeyOns prevail IN the South and South
west Of England and furnished much the largest nun
Ireland, and from Scotland also many cattle i'm
ported, and by their crosses have made up distinct
breed unlike any other breed in the world. Long
Island derived its first stock from Connecticut and Ma
sachusetts. The first importation of cattle into
New England i'll 1924 of bull and three heifers
| IN the ship Charity. Many Of the cattle frst in
trodueed into Rhode Island from Bristol, The
| original Of the Adams family of Massachusetts came
iro IN Devonshre, and with them their fayorte rel
| cattle. The old yellew variety of New.EnRlaDd cat
lie are great fayOrtes, both for work and beef ana
are better mixers than the pure Devons and are the
iavoftes Ihese aBo their crosses are superior 10 anv
OF the original stock imported. Red cattle of some oS
the shades OF color are the general fayorife though
oy no means universally since there are still MANY
ported by the Pilgrims. So we still find Descendant.
u the pack 6aloways or the mottled Scotch cattle
In Maine there are still TO be found descendans OF
| cattle imported from Denmark at an early day hut
most OF the stock there grades of Deyons aud no
stare mas better working oxen. The cattle Of New