New-York daily tribune., 1858-02-06

Ino 49, snt of oppression. How Is the GLORIOUS
I'm pire Of France upheld to-day How are the i@ien
apts to-day held subject 10 foreign powerl IL n
ce.,ary 70 desgnate natioDs but point TO ooun'
,x an The face Of the earth where deepotlsm uampes
Iierty upder foot, and / will show you country
where is upheld, not bv the people, but BY military
aaIies Of despotism everywhere. They slwsy. have
been and they always will be. We are departing
from the great soand, and fundamental pnncipee oi
our ancestors when we look TO standing army 10
MAINTAIN public order.
Then must throw out that element which is ofer-
ID me by the hUnofGbie Chairman OF the Commune.
DO not rejoice al peace whJh II maintained On lhVse
terus; do not rejoice at order watch Is secured Dy
the bayonets Of meIcepares IN the pay OF the Govern
ment. Then dismssiDg that "a an element, potTS
another objection which Is made by the honoIaoio
Chairman. do not propose toater the piihciPe .o
have followed with 30 much sucees- IRON the ese,n
mn o az IN. Goyenmept and for which he 20 justly
couplin ented the late distinguished Senator ioui
South Carolina, Mr.. Calhoun His proposition % Dta
thirty companies, say, does alter the army as iein
by Mr. Calhoun, and my proposition secures AZ ali
~ ;u, nyonnrti,ps and ,ymmetry. His orgauiz alton
of lie eeueLt was ten companles' III uue thb
,u all pont but are urged to MAINTAIN M Ca,
houA's principles, and am ehdeeyofinS " 20 ~,
am maintaining them he left them. am MAINTAIN
ipr the regiments be left them when secretary OF
War, if that II 70 be the model. lie ieit ths req
uent with ten companies az the skeleton. lie ieit
in order that it might De enlarged on the occslon
of war with any power great small for the reasons
so uucn better stated by the honorable chairman
than con state them. Our dispute is not whether
we shall mairtain the skeleton systein-l shah n't
differ from the Senator from Mssissppl on thal Point
but solely as y the size OF the skeleton ana am
maintaining il precrely on the pTncipeS ".lch nc
has 70 well presented 10 the Senate am i2r pre-
serving the .keetOn of the Army as h1ed oy ' Sai,
bonu We have now from twelve 70 thirteen hundred
officers; we have fiity-tw0 men IN eAch company on
the peace establishment, capable ol being eh,r2ed,
capabe Of letting IN raw recruits 10 the eAvhI Vi my
other men on the war establishment. lhat gWeo
I a.,.t oiy
an emergency, ana am for maintaining y. Dul ID
order to get more, the Senator from MlSsirs'pp
vents to enlarge the tkeletOD, and d. NOT: ihat y
the difference bet "eeD us. L DO not thlhk he can
take much by referring ~ the wisdom or scKhoEi-
edped patriotism of Mr. Calhoun, for atn not only
defending hs principle but for exercising 1t just as ne
exercised it, and executed the military law wheh he
was Secretary Of War. -,
am very Glad to find so grent authority with me,
though an. free to confess that such Is my Jeii-
ousy Of Strengthening the standing Amy 9i taiS
country that should disregard all authority lhat az.
tempted to shake those principles which have grown
with NY growth and strengthened with my strength
All experience AID all history have taught me tnat
stsndlDg armies dangerous to pubhc hDerty. III
Won cannot maintain ord r. il you cannot MAINTAIN the
law the regular operations Of the Government can
not 20 along then set up military despotisui, as tey
do in France, Austra, and the German States put
you build up standing army ior the purpose Oh
maintaining order you have already subverted your
Government. The very enunciatlon OF the principe
is a subversion Of the fundamental IDEAS on "hich
yOur Government was built. We have acted on the
idua that the freenen Of the country are capaoe OF
maintaining the law, Of maintaining peace Oi ihaln-
tanning order. Ii that 10 wrong, that Is not true,
We have been mistaken, then our Government II
failure. Itmay be so, but am not, as yet wiling 10
admit it, While AIN Lot able to express tile cOnndvnce
that was felt twenty years ago. and which then felt
in common with many of the people OF the tmt7d
States as to its final success, at least not yet
prepared TO give It up "
Then, what are the other reasons J DO not want
an increase of the Army TO secure public order There
is occasion for 1t On account OF the condition Oh t
Indians. We have, as before stated, not as many OF
them and not as powerful races as formerly. Inc
time was wben the frontier, In my own state, the
Indians would bring twenty thousand men into the
field. They fought your disciplined armies wi'h one
Of the greatest American commanders dce To lace, III
some Of the greatest pitched battles fought on your
coItnent They fought Gen. jackson, and other DIS
tinguished leaders. Where are they now Where
are their armies Where is their material Where
is their organization! 1t is now openly charged py
many gentlemen, as reason for the Increase OF Inc
Army, that Indian wars are got up by the people Tor
the profit growing out Of them. That Is the alega-
ton. So little dangerous have they become, 20
little do they alarm even the ire gular militia, 'na9
the other House, that the border people them
selves get up these wars so that they may punder
the public treasury. Suppose that is true. l am
Iot indorsiDg it; l know nothing ct IT. j should
hope il we're not true do not believe it is true, as
applied TO any considerable body OF people. But II
IL is true will your Army prevent it? How will your
Army prevent it You cannot put ten, hiteen, or
twenty thousand men al along tue lndlan border,
within supporting distances, on your vast frontier.
You must have small force at various points, as you
have now The difficulty is, that the people may
make these Indian wars, and ca out the militia Tor
the purpose of drawing money from your treasury, as
is alleged, before any considerable regular force can
be got there. There on our table document IN re,
ston TO a quarrel between general in the United
States Army, a man distinguished in the field, and
these very settlers, when he on the ground for
refusing 10 use the troops OF the United Sates Inc
In .A1d rnt nm hA
pupdeT. How is it to be prevented There
is no preventive anywhere but here. 1t is the
business of Congress 10 inquire into 1t, to use the
best Of ascertaining whether these wars are
got up regularly irreguary, and whether they are
legal not. Ii they are Illegal the authors OF them
should be punished by law and Congress should refuse
to pay the expenses of the II am answered
that this cannot be DONE then respond that is one
of the evils Of free government that you must pay for
If il is true that you cannot get men hone enough 70
inquire into the facts, and that you have no means OF
getting information, and are necessarily plundered,
then you must submit to it as OF the necessary evils
of Your extension 1t cannot be shown that the Army
can prevent it. 1t is said that the Indians do not
make the wars but the settlers. Then you want the
Army not to repiess the Indians but the ireemen If
the argument has any force Is that and that alone.
He who has looked into the account of the Indian
beyond the Rocky Mountains can very readily per-
ceive that at no time have three thousand Indians
ever been embodied unless on some treatymaking oc
c8sion to get goods and money Those the only oc
casi ms nOw which three thousand ln-
dams together. How can they maintain themselves 7
They are uncivzed necessarily from the condition of
the country, scattered into little valleys, without the
means OF carrying war; they really helpless,
and depend ON the Government of the United States
for subsistence. The Senate, not more than twelve
months ago, was called upon, and will, no doubt, al
this very session. be called upon again, to appropriate
thousands and hundreds of thousands feed the poor
Indians in California, in the Northwest and in
Texas. We were told that that policy was gong to
diminish the necessity for armies that it better
to feed them than to fight them; that that policy was
humans philapthropic, just, and, above all, that it
was economical. But while we spending our hun
drtds of thousands Of dollars the economical I"
idea Of feeding the Indians are, the other hand
spending our millions 10 increase means Of defense
avsinst than That ia the very Inconsistent polcy