The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1858-12-16

! Gently established between our Atlantic and
Pacific possessions. This passes very near "a
the Mexican boundary, throughout the whole
| length of Arizona.
/ can imagine no possible remedy for
these evils. and no mode of restoring law
and order on that remote and unsettled
| frontier, but for the government of the
| United States To assume u temporary protcc'
torate over the northern portions of Chi
huahua and Sonora, and to establish mill
tary posts within the same; and this is car
| nestly recommended 10 Congress This
| protection may be withdrawn, as soon as To-
| cal governments shall I've established In
these Mexican States, capable of perform
| ing their duties 10 the United States, re-
| straining the lawless and preserving peace
along the border,
do not doubt that this measure will bo
viewed in n friendly spirit by the govern
ments and people Of chihuahua and Sono'
ra, rs it will prove equally etiectual for the
protection of their citizens ON that remote
and lawlcss frontier, as for citizens Of the
United States
CONDITION OF ARIZONA.
And In this connection permit me 10 recall
your attention 10 the condition Of Arizona.
The alleged. more than ten thousand souls,
are practically without "A government, with
out laws, and without any regular admins.
tration Of justice. Murder and other
crimes are committed with IMMUNITY. This
state of things calls loudly for redress and
/, therefore, repeat my recommendation for
the establishment Of territorial govern.
ment over Arizona.
CENTRAL AMERICA.
The political condition of the narrow 18th
mus Of Central America, through which
transit routes pass, between the Atlantic
and Pacific Oceans, presents u subject OF
deep interest 10 all commercial nations II
is over these transits that large proportion
Of the trade and travel between the Europ
can and Asiatic continents Is destined to
pass. To the United States these routes are
Of incalculable Importance, as Il means Of
Communication between their Atlantic and
Pacific possessions. The latter now extend
throughout seventeen degrees Of latitude
on the Pacific coast, embracing the import
ant State Of California and the fourisbing
Territories of Oregon and Washington. All
commercial nations, therefore, have deep
and direct interest that these communica-
tons shall be rendered secure from inter.
ruption. II an arm of the sea, connecting
the two oceans, penetrated through Nicara
qua and Costa Rica, II could not be pretend.
cd that these States would have the right
to arrest or retard It's navigation, 10 the in
jury of other nations. The transit by land
over this narrow lsthmus occupies nearly
the same position. IL Is highway In which
they themselves have little interest, when
compared with the vast interests of the rest
Of the world Whilst their rights of SOY
ercignty ought 10 be respected, 1t is the du-
ty Of other nations to require that this i'm.
portant passage shall not be interrupted by
the civil wars and revolutionary outbreaks
which have 10 frequently occurred I'm that
region. The stake il too important 10 be
left at the mercy Of rival companies, claim.
ing to hold connecting contracts with Mica
ragua. The commerce of other nations Is
not ~ stand still and await the adjustment
of such petty controversies. The govern.
meit Of the United States expect no more
than this, and they will not bo satisfied
with less.
They would not, IL they could, derive any
advantage from the Nicaragua transit not
common ~ the rest OF the world. Its nel.
tIality and protection, for the common INC
Of all nations, Is their only object. They
have no objection that Nicaragua shall dc
mand and receive fair compensation from
the companies and individuals who may
traverse the route; but they insist that il
shall never hereafter he closed by an aIbi-
tfary decree Of that government II dis
putes arise between It aud those with whom
they may have entered into contracts, these
must ls adjusted by some fair tribunal pro.
vided for the purpose, and the route must
not I've closed pending the controversy
This rs our whole policy, and il cannot fail
u be acceptable 10 other nations.
All those difficulties might be avoided H.
consistently with the good faith Of Nicgua
qua, the ne Of this transit could be thrown
open 10 general competitions, providing at
the same time for the payment Of reason
able rate u the Hicaruguan government
on passengers and freight
ia August, 1882, the Accessory Transit
Company made It's frst interoceanic trip
over the Nicarasuap route, and continued
in successful operation, with great Wlvan
tage u the public, until the 18th Of Feb
ruary, 1866, when IL VIA closed, aud the
grant to this company, IA well NJ its char
ter, we're summarily ap1 arbitrarily revoked
by the government Of President Eiyx.
Previous 10 this date, however. in 1854, 10
rious disputes concerning the settlement oi
their accounts, hal aflsen between the
company aud the government, threatening
the interruption Of the route ut any mo
pent. These the United States IN vain ri.
deavOred To oOmpromise. ii would be Use.
less 10 narrate the various proceedings
which took place between the pa,tics, up
till the time when the transit was inter.
rupted Suffice it to gay, that since febru.
airy, 1855, il has remained closed, greatly
to the prejudice Of citizcDs u the United
States. since that time the oabpctithE
has ceased between the rival routes Of Pan
ANA and Nicaragua. and, IN consequence
thereof, an unjust and unreasonable amour,
has been eKated from our citizens for their
passage ~ and from California.
A treaty VIA signed on the 18th day Of
November. 1851. by the Secretary of STATE
and the Minister oi Nicaragua, under tho
stipulatiOus II which the use and protec
ton Of the Transit route would have been
secured, not only To the United states, but
equally 10 all other nations. How ard On
what pretexts this treaty has failed To re-
ceive the ratification ~ the Nicaraguan
government, will appar by the papers here
with communicated ly the state Depart