Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1858-08-27

Court and the Executive and to nullify an act
Of Congress which both sustain. That's
it'--"good, good This is the consistency
they exhibit when they make such assaults
upon us. But fehow-citizens, if we are re-
quired to submit TO the decisions Of the Su-
preme Court as to the authority Of Congress
to exclude slavery from territory and if it
be true that the people Of territory have no
authority, as the Judges Of the Supreme
Court in the bred Scott opinion say-if the
people Of the territory, while in territorial
condition, have no power to exclude slavery
from their midst. has not that Court the same
right to decide whether a State may exclude
slavery; Look whittier this doctrine tends
II neither the Congress nor the people can
exclude slavery from a territory, because the
Constitution is the paramount law of the
land, and carries slavery with it. then the
States cannot exclude slavery, because the
Constitution of the United States is the par
amount law of the land in the States as we'll
as the Territories and IL there is anything
in that instrument which extends slavery into
the Territories the same provision must ex-
tend it into the States also. Well suppose
the Supreme Court decide, as they are bound
10 decide If they carry out the doctrine they
have announced in that bred Scott case. that
10y virtue Of the Constitution Slavery is ex-
tended into all the free States of this Union
are these gentlemen prepared to submit to
that Cries Of mo, no. You are ust
as much bound 10 submit to il as TO this opin-
ion that carries slavery into the Territories,
and the man who defends the one must sus-
tain the other That is the necessary conse-
quence Of the doctrine laid down. There is
now a case pending. known as the Lennon
case, and when the country gets prepared TO
receive the decision, you will probably hear
again, from the Supreme Court of the United
States, the doctrine announced that undc
the Constitution slavery goes into all Of tb
States of the Union. That instrument. which
our fathers made for securing the blessings
Of liberty, is thus to be perverted by the de
cision of this Court to become an instrument
for the spread Of slavery against the will
the people. This necessarily results from the
doctrine already advanced, if acquesced in
and carried out to its Legitimate consequences
THE PUBLIC EXPENDITURES.
But find am spending so much time on
this slavery question that | am becoming
somewhat hoarse, and as | wish to say some
thing to you in regard to the expenditures OF
the government, and show that the party in /
power is as false to its other professions as it
is to those it has at different times set up on
the slavery question, | will pass for few
moments to that subject. The expenses Of
the government, as you have probably often
heard, have increased enormously within
few years. The amount Of money at the dis
posal of government for this year is more
than one hundred millions Of dollars. This,
! know, has sometimes been disputed but
have here the official statement made by the
clerk of the House of Representatives, show
ing that more than eighty-one millions were
specifically appropriated at the last session of
Congress, and there are indefinite appropria-
tons to pay claims, the precise amount Of
which is not yet known, which amount at the
lowest estimate to three millions and half
making over oighty-four millions, and there
is an unexpected balance of appropriations
made last year, amounting to more than six
teen millions. These sums altogether make
more than a hundred millions of dollars at
the disposal Of the Administration for the
present fiscal year | know it is said that it
is unfair to charge all this to this year that
"a surplus will remain at the end of this wear
to be carried to the next list; but think it
much more likely that the Administration
will come in with a deficiency bill and ask
for some ten millions more, as they did at the
last Congress, than that any surplus will re-
main. The expenses of the Government dur
ing the Administration of General Pierce
were S232. s20.632 This is more than all
the expenses OF the Government from 1890,
when il was organized, for thirty years to-
gether, including the war with Great Britain
in 1912. General Pierce expended moro
money during four years of peace than our
Government expended for the first thirty years
after its organization. In 1928, the expendi-
lures of the Government for all purposes. ex-
clusixa If hc nnblic 1abt
$50 76. The pro rata. according to the pop
ulation Of 1852. was 80 cents on each indi-
vidual. The pro rata in 1857 was 50 2S per
man--9i cents to 81 %, according to popu-
lation.
Now, these facts ought to attract the at
tenton of the country but perhaps if were
to state in detail some Of the wastelulness of
this Government-some of the means by
which these expenses have been increased, it
would strike some minds more forciby.
will call your attention to the city of Chicago.
You have custom house located here In
1852, or for the fiscal year ending in June
1858, the last year Of Filmore's admins ira
ton, there were collected at Chicago SILL
sos sc. Six men were employed to collect
it, and they were paid S2,S93 ~. That was
little over two per cent. For the year
ending June 80 1856, there were collected
at Chicago Sl45,662 40. Sixteen men were
employed in its collection, and they were paid
Sl4,349 20 for doing it. Now ask you,
living right here as you do, is there any rea-
son why it cost ten per cent. the last fiscal
year TO collect the revenue at this port and
only little over two per cent four years ago
Is there any reason for it except that the
Government wanted to shower the money
upon favorites. Yes, there is a reason l
don't know what it is THE Democratic
party must be sustained" Laughter and APP
plause think that is the best reason
Renewed laughter They must sustain the
office-hoders But Chicago is only single
case. have the official report here. and |
will state few other cases to show YOU how
the Government expends money. There are
some other points where the expenditures for
collecting the revenue are much worse than
at this point. At Wilmington, Delaware
there was collected in ls47 81, O04 95. How
many men do you suppose it took to collect
that amount and how much do you suppose
they got for it n took eight men, and ht
expense of collecting ieas Sl5, S4s 3s Laugh.
ter. Gentlemen. you began entirely toe
soon. These are The better sort of cases. AT
Annano1is MARYLAND thara ,y.s aoi1.o..l a.