The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-07-11

CHICAGO, July 8, 1853.
Senator Douglas was received this evening with
great display. At one o'clock Q committee of four
hundred from Chicago and the adjoining counties.
proceeded to Michigan City, and there met Judge
Douglas and escorted him to this city. The arrival
of the train was greeted with the firing of cannon and
the cheers Of the people. procession was formed,
and conducted him to the Fremont House. where he
welcomed in brief speech in behalf of the citi-
gems, by Chas. Walker President of the Board of
Trade.
Mr.. Douglas, after returning his thanks for the
magnificent reception, reviewed the action of the
last Congress on the Kansas bill. He extolled the
Crittenden bill as honest, and as the lyery best pro
position for the practical illustration Of popular
sovereignty. He claimed that the struggle with L.
comptonism was for the integrity of principle That
struggle was triumphant, and Lecomptonism was
virtually abandoned by its friends, and had been
defeated forever. He had opposed the English bill
although practically il sent back the constitution To
be accepted OF rejected by the people because the
manner as well as the form of that submission WAS
at variance with every just principle of popular 60
vernment. II was q Submission of the constitution
to the people, with the threat that il they did not
accept slave constitution, its IS 900 inhabitants
should not come In as free State until il had
900. He could never countenance such a dis
elimination between free and slave States The best
energies Of his mind had been several years devoted
the great principle of the rights of the people of
the Territories TO frame their own fundamental laws
and he intended TO devote all his future life to the
same doctrine. He contended that the compro-
mise measures of 1sj0 were founded on that
principle, and were carried out in the
Kansas Nebraska bill. He affirmed the Cincinnati
platform and re'affrmed President Buchanan's
inaugural. lie regretted to sec, however, political
party Of this country determined not TO acouiesce
in this line Of policy. The Republican Convention
recently assembled at Springfield nominated Mr..
Lincoln as his CDouglas) successor 10 the Senate.
TO repudiate the doctrine of popular sovereignty.
lie Q4incoln) proclaimed that Congress and not the
people of the Territories had the right to establish
the domestic institutions OF the Territories Lincoln
endorsed not only this doctrine, but proclaimed
line OF policy which was incompatible with the
existence Of the Union, for he declared that the
Union, divided into an equal number of free and
slave States. cannot endure. Mr.. Douglas showed
the dangerous tendency of this doctrine and said that
il invited and proclaimed war of determination
one section against the other. He regarded II a.
subversve Of the fundamental principle, upon
which our complex system Of government rested
He denied that uniformity Of local policy and OF
domestic Institutions in the different States was
either desirable OF even possible: on the contrary
he held that our political system rested upon the
theory and the practice Of dissimTarty of local
policy and Of domestic institutions in the different
States Our forcfathers clearly perceived that the
kind Of domestic Institutions which would suit New
Hampshire would he totally unfit for the rice plan.
tatioUs OF Carolina. Hence they adopted consti.
tuition which provides that each State should
lie sovereign and supreme within its own
limits, on the supposition that they would
he as diversified as States they were numerous.
Thus il would seem the diversity and dissimilarity
Of the domestic Institutions Of the sovereign States
arc the cardinal principles underlying the whole
system Of our government. Its strength harmony
and adaptation TO the wants and interests OF the
people all depended upon the right Of each State to
form and regulate its own internal policy without
reference 90 It's similarity or dissimlarity to other
States Repeated uniformity IA neither desirable
nor possible. II possible, how can II be obtainedy
There il but one process through which Il can
he accomplished, and that would be to abolish
the State Legislatures. convert the government
into one consolidated empire, investing Con-
gress with full power to adopt police regu.
lations, regulate internal policy, and adopt do.
nestle institutions for all the States. Iet this he
done and there would be uniformity. Then the
States would be either all free or all slave States.
Then the negroes could vote everywhere or no
where. Then our glorious confederation OF thirty
two sovereign States would be merged Into one con.
solidsied empire, and the uniformity Of despotism
would reign triumphant Throughout the land Mr..
Douglas proceeded to answer Mr. Lincoln crusade
against the Supreme Court, on account Of the bred
Scott decision. lie could sanction no crusade. he
said. against the highest udicial tribunal in the
land, nor yet was he prepared to yield ODE.
dience to the law, "a expounded bv tina,
Court. lie did not agree with Mr. lin.
coin, that II was great wrong to depnvs
negro Of the rights Of citizenship lie did not
believe they were ever intended to he citizens Oar
government was founded on white lass. and paa