The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-10-27


of water the long sandy deserts, the inconvenience
OF keeping up stations hundreds of miles from the
points from which their supplies are furnished-all
these and the many minor obstacles naturally pre-
sented to the successful management of so long
line OF stage communication, have been met and
overcome by the energy, the enterprise, and the
determination OF the contractors. Thus far the
pertinent has proved successful. Whether this
success Is to be permanent-whcthcr this great ar
terry between the Atlantic and Pacific States is to
pulsate regularly and unintcrruptedly-doe not,
however, depend entirely upon the Overland Mail
Company. They have conquered the natural diff
cues of the route, but they have vet to encounter
an enemy with whom they cannot successfully cope
unaidcd. refer, of course to the tribes of hostile
Indians through whose territory they necessarily
pass. Their stations in Arizona are at the mercy
of the Apache, and the Commanchc may, at his
pleasure, bar their passage through Texas.
THE LITERARY AND ARTISTIC CONGRESS
AT BRUSSELS
On the 2Sth Of September, the Congress being as
sembled under the Presidency of NJ Fadier, Mr.
Frederick :. COzZens rcpreseutinu tbe mon of Iat-
ters Of New York, made his appearance and was re
ceived with unanimous and enthusiastic demonstra-
tions of satisfaction. We do not know whether it
has been mentioned in the journals that Mr.. Coz
Zcns was elected by the Century Club of this city
an association which has grown into some magni-
tude around nucleus Of artists and literary men
as its delegate to the Congress. The Club furnished
him with u certificate of his election, engrosscd on
parchment bearing their great seal, so that no ex-
chptiOns could be taken to his commission on the
score of informality. Mr.. Cozzcns. also, we hear.
acted as the representative of some of eminent
boOk-scing houses, which deserve as much to be
classcd among the institutions Of the country its
banks and colleges, extensive are their relations
with the reading world-such as the Appctons and
the Harpcrs. lie was appointed icc-Prusdent Gv
acclamaton, and took his place in the bureau amidst
the appaUscs of the assembly.
Among the interesting communications made to
the Congress was that by the Baron Jacqucmond.
OF Sardinia. lie stated some facts relating to the
legislation in force in this country, respecting liter
arv and artistic property. \ law Of the 2Sth OF
February, ISIS, insured to authors, whether Sar-
dinians or strangers, publishing in Sardinia the sole
right 0t republication within fifteen years. In this
Sardinia has taken the true groHud-thc only con
sistent ground in fact-ina~nuch as. il there be
anything right and Just in the theory of literary
property it should be as much respected in the per
son Of stranger a citizen. lie went on to give
the terms of convention concluded in 1910 with
Austria, recognising and protecting literary prop
crty-a convention to which the Houtitcal States.
Tuscany, the Duchies Of Lucca and Mnduna ard
the Canton of Tcino afterwards gave their adhe-
sion. This. he remarked was the frst convention
ever made with respect to Iiterarr property.
FRrNcH AGnrcuLrrur.-The Hoaiiepr. of the I'd
inst. furnished an ample report of the Minister of
Agriculture the regional Agricultural exhibition
heretofore mentioned in my letters. The number
Of them ten this year. at central places i'm The
great territorial divisions: the report embraces the
names of exhibitors to whom the chief prizes were
awarded, and the main results of the conventions
and the competitive SYSTEM Formerly those divi-
sionS OF the country entertained mischicvous pre-
judices and antpathics against each other: the
peasdntry refused to employ new implements of
titIage or to admit any changes in their antiquated
husbandry. This evil has nearly disappeared un-
der the influences of the assemhlagcs and the means
OF comparison. France, saws the Minister has at
length learnt to know herself and her resources: the
rural progress, in every particular sUrpasscs all ey-
pectation. Many thousands of people Of different
provinces have been drawn together: they have par
ted with mutual cordiality; their only solitude is
how to make the best figure in the shows aud inter-
course OF the next year. The railroads afford
them facilities for every purpose, of which their
toretathcrs could have no conception. The depart
ments and the large cities contribute sums Of 2j-
J0O and 900 francs towards the accommodation
and arrangement Of the animals and machinery,
brought to each of the rendezvous. From wear to
year the numbers of the rcquenters and the objects
for exhibition and rivalry have signallv advanced
The report adduces the statistics. In 1916. wheat
was grown on not more than 1886. sos hectares
(the hectarc is two and half acres;) in 1856 it o,-
cuped GAGS 23G hectares; the increase in the Weld
is larger in proportion. Special attention
will henceiorth be paid to the classi-
fcation of the animals according to localities
and breeds, and qualities, and of the farming i'm
plements in reference to origin and usctulness.-
From 1850, the number of agricultural regions
will be ten or twelve; each will comprise seven de
partments or provinces, and an exhibition will be
annually held in cach by turns; the central roy-
ernment and authorities of the several circ,ascrp-
h"RS or demarkatlOnS will appoint inspectors, u-
rics to award the premiums, of the farms
in competition, and scientific and practical instruc-
tors. The Emperor has created five model farms
in the ncighbOrhOOd of the Camp of Chalons, on
which the sodicry and corps Of engineers are occa
sionally employed. His chief object is to fcrtilizc
for pasture the arid and nearly barren plains; and
considerable sums are appropriated from the civil
list to carry out his plans. Each of the new estab-
shmcnts has stables for a hundred COWS, stables
for twenty horses, and folds for twelve hundred
sheep. Four hundred cows of the race of Brittany
more than three thousand sheep, rams of the Eng
lIEI, -tt,. ,rg1...
ready collected. Five similar establishments are to
be undertaken and completed next year.
AMEnIcty ARCHIVES IN ExGLAxD.-At the last
meeting Of the Antiquarian Society, in Boston.
there was an interesting conversation referring to
a passage in the report of the Council, regarding
the materials for American History in the British
archives. Rev. DR.. Ellis said that he supposed at
the present time, whatever difficulties might be
found by investigators, the English government
made no objection to the search for historical docu
mcnts by students of history. At his request,
DR.. Sparks explained the systems which he had
found in force in London at his several visits there.
At the last of these tie different heads of Depart
mcnts expressed their entire willingness that he
should examine any papers of dates prior to l7S3,
IN which we, as Americans, had any concern. The
only restriction the very proper one that all
copies of documents must be examined before they
were taken from the Office. But nothing that he
had copied was even objected to. At his request
Henry Stevens, Esq, explained to the Society the
arrangements that the English Government now
From the Colonial Office, the Board Of Trade the
Plantation office and the Privy Council the Older.
documents; such as are properly materials for his
tory, have been removed to oae Central Office
Documents from the War and Navy Offices and
other departments are gradually forwarded to the
same repository.
Mr.. Stevens also bore testimony to the admirable
beralitY with which the government and the pub
lie institutions are willing to open these treasures
to all students properly introduced to them. Asan
evidence that they have removed all restrictions
l,-. Il ! 4l-.A
they were publishing and preparing calendars or
indexes for every leading period of history, refer
ring to all the papers contained in the volume in
this collection.
PRoGREss OF THE yellow FryEn.-Thc New Or
leans Picagme says: The yellow fever has been
very severe at Brownsville. Few cases have
occurred, but the mortality among those who are
sick is heavy. The American names in the list pub
lished are: James Kennedy, Marianne Reed Mr..
Reed, John Asbach. Mr.. johnson, J. l.. Knott
David Arroyo. Miss Bloom, Robert DOYLE, Edward
McLanc. Mr.. Parker Phoebe Mears, Robert leoder.
George Dye, Jr., and f. l.. Barre
\ letter dated Brownsville, Oct. 9Th, saws:
The disease is very fatal in the garrison; seven
new cases were reported in the Military HoSnitaI
this morning. 1t is also prevailing with great ma
lgnity at Point Isabel, Brazos, and at the month
Of the river. Col. X. L. Harralson. Collector of
customs, dleG yesterday; also, young man by the
name Of Davis, one of the EMPLOYEES in the Custom
House. Children born here are carried off, and
although thus far thoroughly acclimated adults
have escaped great apprehension is felt even amon@
that class OF our population. Among those dead
are Leroy Basse and Feter johnson. Mrs. Scar
borough Is at the point of death. We are sadly in
want OF physicians. Our chief reliance in this Dr.
Watson, is nearly broken down.
ot the twenty-six full missions abroad Pennsyl-
yanla has one-fGurth of the whole number, viz
England, Mr.. Dallas Naples, Mr.. Chandler; China
Mr.. Reed Ecuador, Mr.. Buckalew; Lima Mr.
Clay; Austria, Mr.. Jones; and the Secretaries of
Legation and Consuls, charged to Pennsylvania in
the official list, numbers thirty.
1t is stated that the Baptist churches in New
York City have offered Spurgeon, the great star
preacher, $4,000 and his expenses if he will con-
sent to make six months tour in this country