The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1858-05-01
THE DIS P ATCH.


THE DIS PATCn
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An Ais apeech--Great Britain and
slavery.
II 10 seldom that we read Congressional
speech. especially speech on Slavery. which sab
,ect h. been 10 squessed thumped. throttied and
roaudcd. that Il vas almost hopeless 20 extract
snythine new and Juicy from IL ~ 10 make cider
ont OF .sw duet. Nevertheless, there has been1one
speech lately delivered which deserves 10 be read,
aud, moro than that, preserved, and which 10 OF
especial interest II this moment, when Great Bri.
taia. through her excellent ambassador, Lord Ma
rier, Il phian.hropicaiiy calling upon America to
stop the siavs trade. and when various British
journais ere hinting ~ sundry awful consequences
which may possibly eusus n the United States fail
Co give heed 10 their excellent admonitions.
Nc benjamin, Senator from I4ouisiana. gentle
man Of Political eminencs aud OF eIoquence, IN
dertakes to dssy In the Senate the radical, funda-
mental error that slavery 10 the creation OF the
statute Law OF the several States where II IL e.
tabiishsd, and that property in slaves IL neither
recognized nor protected BY the United States
consultation, nor by international Law. Never
were sbsurditiss more thoroughly exploded than
these By Mr.. Benjamin. lie conclusivsly shows
that Great Britais, having the sovereignty over
the American Colonies, not only established and
maintalned slavery 10 them; not only originated,
CARRIED on, supported and fostered the slave
trade; not only forbade the colonies permission
either 10 emsncipate export their slaves, or to
inaugurate any legislation 10 diminution or dis
eouragsmens of the institution, but, that at The
date If Ms american ReroidioB, african siarery
er,sfed IN Engiand as u did en this continent, and
that siarss sesre sold upon the Stare mart in the En-
change AID oter public places Of resort in the city If
London az Trey ,ocre In The colonies in America
Mr.. benjamin, In the course Of his argument,
wives SONS facts OF history, Of which the present
generation OF both Brtous and Americans pro
badly oblivious, bat which the reader wonld do
we'll to cnt out and preserve for reference, that
he may know how to sympatbize with the deep ex-
ercises Of the late British Ministry on the slave
trade, aud which impelIed Clarendon and Paimers-
ton 10 hatch up . controversy with the United
States, on that subject, at the very moment that
our country was msnifesting tho strongest friend
ship and kind wishes for England in the Eastern
troubles, friendship and kind wishes which Eng
land will stisi retain, In all her just quarreis. BY
the way, will somebody tell us why Tory adj
ILLUSTRATIONS In Epgland are always more liberal
and oonciiitory to he United States than Whgsl
The history of the British slave trade, AS con-
dsDsed by Senator Benjamin, begins with a charter
BY Queen Elizabeth TO a company formed for the
purpose ofsupplying slaves to the Spanish-A meri-
can Colonies, and of which the Queen herself was
a shareholder. Afterwards, In 1862, under Charles
III, q monopoly was. created in favor of COM
pany authorized to export to the colonies three
thousand slaves per annum; and 30 valuable was
this privilege considered, SO great was the in
fucnce required for the purpose Of obtaining
share Id Is, that 1t was placed under the auspices
OF the Queen Dowager and the Duke of York. The
King himself issusd his proclamation, inviting his
subjects to establish themselves on this side of the
Atlantic; and as an encouragement to the migra-
ton rendered grant Of one hundred &C res Of land
for each four slaves that they would employ in
the cultivation of it.
The merchants Of London found their trade to
the slave coast very much cramped by this royal
monopoly granted to royal fsvorites, and they
continued to stun the ear of the Commons with
loud complaints that they were excluded from the
advantages Of 90 prosperous a traffic; and in 1925
the Commonssof England, in committee of the
WHOLE resolved that for the better supply OF the
.tafi off
have liberty to trade In Africa for negroes, with
such limits az should be prescribed by Parlia
ment." re- @ss&f ff t
In the 9th and 10th William III, an act was
passed partially relaxing this monopoly, the pre-
amble to which states that
The trade was highly beneficial aud advanta-
geous to the Kingdom. and to the plan ations and
colonies thereunto belonging"
This partial relaxation was unsatisfactory. Pa
titions continued to pour in In 1T0S the Com.
mons again resolved
I" That the trade was important and ought to
be free and open to all the Queens subjects ira
ding from Great Britain"
And in I'LL they again resolved that this trade
ought to be free in q regulated company ; the |
plantations ought to be supplied with negroes at |
reasonable rates; considerable stock was neces-
sary for carrying on the trade to the best advan.
u
merchandise, should be annually made from Great |
Britain to Africa" Finally, in the year 1749,
these repeated resolutions of the Commons and
petitions OF the merchants of London accom- lish-
ed the desired result. They gained their object
by the passage OF the act Of Esd George H. throw.
ing open the trade aud declaring the slave trade
to be very advantageous to Great Britain, and
necessary for supplying the plantations and colo
N hal otnc ,uift, N
hpr of negroes at reasonable rates.
In vain the colonies petitioued and remopstra.
ted. In l7co sout Carolina passed an act prohib-
ting the further importation of African slaves
The Crown rejected the act, reprimanded the Gov
srner, and senta circular to all the other Govern
ors in the colonies. warning them against such |
legislation. In 1855, the news reached Great Br |
tain that similar bill had zen twice read in the
Of Jamaica, and instructions were sent |
to the Royal Governor, who called the House of |
Assembly before him and forbade any farther pro |
gress of the bill Nevertheless, in 1774, tho Ja. |
msica Legislature passed two bills, whereof the |
Earl OF Dartmouth then Secretary Of State, wrote
to the Governor Of the Colony, that "these mea. |
surss had created alarm to the merchants of Great
britain engaged in that branch Of commerce" and
him ION pain Of removal from his
Government to assent 20 such laws" In I7T5, af-
Ter the var Of the American Revolution had com
mepced, the anme Earl OF Dartmouth, in answer to
a remonstranoe from an agent of the colonies, re-
piled: ,mss<4s
1--WE cannot allow the colonies to check or dis
sourags 10 any degree traffic 30 beneficial to the
nation"
In liza, In answer 10 Q question submitted by
The Grown In Council 10 the twelve judges of Eng.
land those Judges, Lord Chief Justice Holt at thor
1 IA. Rss=t u
.In pursuance Of his Majesty's order in Council,
hersunt0 annexed, We do humbiy certify our
opinion 70 BIO that Negroes are merchandise
A late % fs27, the great Lord stowsil rendered
! decision completely everthrowing the PROPOSE
lion now confended for that slarerx L ha craa