Litchfield enquirer., 1858-09-02

Rev. Dr. Chapin, of New York, in a sermon at ! the School-street church, Boston, Sunday morning. alluded to the subject in the following felictous manner:
 Let us not fail to recognize the greatness, the grandeur, of this achievement. Let no supposed honoring of religon-no intention of cxalting the moral or spiritual above the mere ly physical, hide from us the full glory of that effort by which, for the last three hundred years, man has obtained this mastery over na- turc. For in simple truth it is not mans glo- ry but Gods glory that is unfolded in the gra- dual development of human knowledge and human power. Thus the magnificent consum- nation of the past week, which has simulta- neously startled two hemispheres, has awaken ed within us those feelings that are deepest and highest-making words inadequate, and sending our thoughts upward not only in as tonishment but in reverence and thanksgiving. In such work we feel the thrill of Gods hand sweeping through events, and translating into a prophetic symbol the processes of ages, and the significance of history. Men wait upon -breathless-coHscous that it inaugurates an era, wondering to what new music the earth's round wheel will turn, and pondering the incalcu able consequences. Yes the first sentiment awakened by such triumph is re- ligious sentiment. It demonstrates the fact that SPIRIT is the beginning and the end of all mechanism and all matter. Through every physical barrier mind rushes to the embrace of mind, and heart to heart-sending, swift as lightning, through the arches of the tunultu- ous sea- the viewess coursers of thought, and tempcring the thunder of the sky into the s- lent pulsations of word-fet love and joy. In this view the scientific achievement expanding beyond all mercenary uses, becomes the She kinah of the living God-at once His awful veil of mystery and the signal of his presence"
 
 TELEGRAPHIc INsRRUMENTs.-As the Elec- tricians are supposed to be experimenting at Trinity Bay and Volentia, with the various re- cording instruments in use, it is of interest to know what are the chief differences between them.
 The Morse Instrument, in common use from the first in this country. transmits messages by the alternate breaking and reconnectlng of the electric current The current allowed to flow a moment produces a dot, if little longer, a line The operator taps on single key, and the messages are recorded by an alphabet com posed of combinations of lines and dots, thus = - - ---------. In the hands of an expert operator, the speed of this instrument is about twenty words minute.
 The Cook and Wheatstone Instrument is the one that, until lately, has been generally used in England A needle on a dial plate revoves, pointing out tl,e letters, which are inscribed around the circumference like the hours on the face of clock. This is a much more intelligible process to outsiders, but it is slow, accomplishing at the fastest, only about fourteen words minute.
 The House Instrument prints the message in Roman capitals on a long strip of paper by the revolution of type wheel, the operator playing on key board like that of piano, with key for each letter. The printing is done by clock-work, the use of the electric current being to preserve equal time, so that those of the other. This instrument prints twenty-five to thirty words a minute.
 The Hughes Instrument is a combination of the Morse and House inventions. In the Morse instrument two or three pulsations of the electric current are required to indicate one letter. In the House instrument it re- qures from one to twenty-eight pusations. In the Hughes instrument it requires but single pulsaton for each letter. The mechanism by which this is accomplished is simple, though the principle on which it is based is complex. The type wheels at the respective stations re- yove to print the message, and their revoan- tions are governed by vibrating springs. These springs cause them to revolve in exactly the same time. There is an acoustic principle in- volved. viz: that two springs which give the same musical tone, while vibrating, vibrate the same number of times per second. The springs are therefore chosen and regulated by sound. This instrument, it is evident, economizes both time and electric power. Its exceeding sensi- tiveness to the least perceptible pulsation of the electric currents adapts it especially for long lines and submarine cables. It is capable of writing forty words minute, with about one-tenth the battery power of other instru- ments, and sends messages both ways at once At least so its inventor claims, and it is to be tested on the Atlantic Cable
 Albany Erenimg Journal.