The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-06-20
The Second Atlantic Telegraph
Expedition.
THE NEW MACHINERY AND ARRANGEMENTS.
Further Facts Regarding the Great Telegraph
Plateau OF the Atlantic.
Comparison Between the Chances Of the
First and Second Expeditions
THE FAILURES Of THE ENGLISH ELECTRICIANS.
10, &C., &c.


We continue today history Of the arrangements,
machinery and personnel Of the second Atlantic Telegraph
Expedition In the funess of is information tho secu-
racy and impartaly of It's statements and the c,essnsss
with which points OF technical difficulty explained,
surpasses even the eaboratey prepared which
We gave Of Last years. expedition, and which elected 90
much commsndaton. Today connne ourselves prin-
cipay 10 tho scientific Acts and spscuons whscn havs
been developed since the failure Of tho enterprises
20 r - they tend 70 throw sh: the prospscs u The
present expedition. We have print full descrptoas and
illustrations Of all the features and additions whish
have been introduced in the paying GU: apparatus and
other machinery We shall also give interesting sketches
of the leading scientific gentlemen engineers and ecers
engaged in this great enterprise.
As these details will large extent Of space
propose continuing their publication by instruments
have thoroughly exhausted the subject. The compile
ton OF narrative will, calculate bring within
day or two Of the time when shall Of the
failure OF the work. The expedition Vas 70
leave the l2h and by this time hss probably connect
cd the cable in mid o,ean. Eight ten days viii
both sdes that bath regards the results OF
dtion and our own account Of the preliminary arrange
ments, all will by that time have been con,iudee.
WILL THE CABLE KNK?
One OF the objections urged sgsnot the success1i lay
ing Of the cable found its supposed tendency knk
suppostor which not altogether groundless, and which
is, therefore, entitled to due consideration In he guo-
merging Of many Of those which have been sd fire.
quency Of kinking rendered the process OF
siderable difficulty, and n,erfered With
the Of the undertaking for the being. THIS
the particular with the FIRST cable which they
attempted TO lay Gulf of Lawrence August
Of 1855. should be remembered that this dflculty
in almost instance from the thickness Of tho
outer wres and the want Of rnX exiOy which par
cusr OF the essential features OF great
Atlantic cable The paoiIity 30 grea,
you might tie 10 In knot around your with almost
little difficulty could ordinary sized rope. Dur
ing the five or AK dsys 10 which was being pail out
account OF linking. II came up essiy from
the col ~ thread from toe sooo and although IL
sometimes unwound ct rate OF six miles 40 hour, IL
passed out the machine and down mo ,he see
without the slightest Indication or twist anything that
more CRAFTY ing than The sbsence Of this very esectiona
BILE feature HoWever every precAltou taken 70 pre-
vent any oinculty from su:n cause. A large humber
stationed at different points along the line Of Ia
course 10 the machine no thai any tendency 70 tvn or
kink Immediately checked before touches toe pAyDg
ont sheaves or whees The large quantity Of tar with
which the cable has been saturated also acts
cellent preventive against kinhiDg ~ rs sihesive pro-
perues stop the cable from beng paid Of tho
coil faster than tits received on the machne rons
thsr be slack ooee line lying between me coil
and the machinery, and thus the man causes Of
linking VIII be entirely removed Bat has esso SAL
thatn win rntwst raised over the ssern cod
freed from the restraint which nhas been subjected,
and long aud studied Arguments and theories have BEEN
written 10 sustain that position As importance
has been attached 70 this point IL be well
first place then no dicuIty vas esper,enc.c from out
board linking last year during the siy days employed
n, no o. ,ns esos
and the surface OF the water and the line exhibited
less tendency TO twist or knk than common rope
nrst submerged IN water Secondly, when nfy miles Of
the cable recovered the Of Ireland there
was no .ppe.rsrce Of ~ having twisted sod
brought upon IN The process Of raising n
from the bot,'m, unDjured. Thirdly ana lastly,
kirk me strain brought upon Il by W. weigh, and
hat produced by The pressure Of the brakes are sufficient
TO keep in straight line Dan stronger proof rven
in answer 70 this pontS
HOW THE CABLE rs MADE.
The manufacture Of the Atlantic telegraph cable oue
Of tho most Interesting and at the ume Of Mo
most simple, processes Ia possible 70 conceive. Tho
bic composed OF the copper wires which form
ductor and which occupy the CENTRE The Kutsa perchs
irsuator the hempen serving and the wire cover
ing or protecting Tho peculiar properties quits
percha, without which submarine cable be made
were discovered about the year 1sl2 and th4 article
employed IN the making Of water pipes, machine belts
picture frames and nnumerablc other articles for which
II considered especially adapted. The application OF
the material 10 submarine telegrsphng Did not
take place til about the year 1850, when 10
yalue - an nsnla.or was proved y ne lay
The time that has elapsed since that feat was &C.
complIshed has proved m durability AID ~ cap1baxy OF
wthstandlng the action OF the Independent Of
This, hovevsr, the external wire covering vi IN be
course Of . few years ater IL shall have been sub
vro, in the process Of corroson or decomposition,
viii enter into chemical union with the son mud IN which
the cable In mbedded and win thus form concrete
Of calcAe,us or silccous substance, sordns ne very
beat possible protection.
in the Fat Indies and the pripeps MAKE. = :, ssSns
pore, from which the manufacturers obtain their chef
supply hsssn. 70 them n ~ crude sa.s, and he's 70
msnaisc,urs Of The e 81, submarine cable IN s ma
and boiled and boed again Until : rendered = son ~
called masticasor which literally torn INTO shrsds,
and IRON which Is taken 70 be again boiled. BY his
proccss purned and freed from all foreign massrsais
when may have entered into Il while Was being col
lec,ed by the indiana But not yet DC for The work
cesnssd and knesded several times before can be- ussd
IN The covering OF Insulation Of me copper wire along
me when n::
joined with the greatest essc, and IN
osnno, be torn apart at the point Of adhesion ne
blended, two glasses Of vsser when poured
vessel This property which II possesses IL peculiarly
In cable during process paying out In such
We have explained in detail elsewhere shs article,
or conductor 70 hes, the pars o. the su,a perchs which
ere TO be joined When this Is lone the open space
rage on which write and eight or zen q which are re-
CURED 10 make the broken part uniform with the rest
euis perchs composed Of seven copper wires SIX beng
wound sprally around the seventh which perfectly
account Of ne spiral form V capable Of being extended
twenty per cent OF IL length before breaking while
the seven wires Of which lie composed give adecided
and advantage that formerly used In toe
Of the first cable VII n the New York Nesfouud-
land and london Telegraph ootnpapy attempted, ussuc
cessuly 20 lay across the Gulf Of y. lawrence OF
the great difficulties they had contend against