davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08
NEw YORK, Jan. S.
Nrw PowrR FOR THE PROPULSION OF v,

Nrw POWER FOR THE PROPULSION OF WIS
SKIS An English paper says an important
discovery has just been made in reference to
Q propulsion Of vessels. Il 10 now found
that the immense amount OF resistance en-
countered at the head Of ships and steamers,
which increases at u ratio approaching to
the square Of the velocity, can be converted
into useful power, instead Of being, as ut
present, all sustained as dead loss. A meth.
od for achieving this has been patented by
Mr.. Robert GrIfiths, engineer, London. in.
ventor Of the screw.propeller which bean
his name, and consists in forming the lower
part Of tho head Of the vessel with reyolv.
ing cone, around which are wound spiral
aanges. BY this arrangement tho resisting
water, instead Of falling upon the ordinary
bows, inprinses, when the ship ism mo
tion, upon the screw ainge, and this Gauss
the cone iorci' ly to re,olye. The power
thus obtained from the che is transmitted
by ohafting and multiplying gear to work II
scre' ut the stern, II u sailing vessel or "a
81 IN all Of the engine, if steamer. w,
understand that u series OF experiments hmv,
been made in connection with tins invention
by u gentleman in Manchester, who has ai
intimate knowledge Of shipping, combiacd
WITH comp tent acquaintance with me-
chanics, and that he finds the theory thu'
started to bs fully borno out in practice
that very large proportion Of tho resist
ance .an bc counteracted with u screw turn
I'd With this costlsss power, W lie no diff
,ulty occurs IN applying it. Confdsncs i
entertained that not only will the speed o
steamers be greatly increased b this mvd'
Of dealing with resistance, but that the in
ventlun must lead u the creation Of clis
Of profitable self.a ting screw clippers who's
speed will Far exceed the best modern bull
ships
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.
ZZZVHH CONGRESS list SESSION.
Washington, Jan. 8.

Washington, Jan. b.
SENATE. Mr.. Fessenden introduced
the French Spoilation, bill, and moved its
reference to u select committee OF seven.
After debate the motion was agreed to,
and Messrs. Crittendc1, Collamcr, Toombs,
Hamlin, Hunter, Davis and King, were
appointed said committee.
Mr.. Slidell introduced bill amcndato-
~ Of the Coinage net, relative to the halt
dollar and smaller silver coin.
Mr.. Gwin submitted resolution, which
lies over, instruc,ing the common foreign
relations TO inquire into the expediency
OF providing by law for the appointment
OF Minister Plenipotentiary to Japan.
Mr.. Brown being still too i'll to resume
his speech on Kansas affairs, the Senate,
after transact NJ some business Of no
public importance, adjourned.
House.. The House went into Com
mittec of the Whole OH the Presidents
annual message.
Mr.. Clancy Jones submitted series Of
resolutions, referring the various branches
OF the message to appropriate standing
committees. He expressed the hope that
1t would be adopted at once, as the mes
sage had been before the country for
nearly month.
Mr.. Quitumn moved an amendment,
referring that portion Of the message rel
alive To the enforcement OF the neutrality
laws, to selec, committee OF tive, upon
which long debate cusucd.
Without concluding the debate the
committee rose, aud the House adjourn-
ID.
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08

AFRICAN PRoDrcTioSs AND DiscoyTHIEs.-
Two arrivals at cur port last week IRON the
Western Coast Of Africa, brought nearly
seven thousand bushels OF PEA or grol nd
nuts. IL is said that from fifty to sixty
thousand tons year are shipped from Airi.
GU to this country and 10 Great Britain and
France. The export Of ~. nuts ana palm
oil only to America and Europe reprsen,
the annual value vi at least fifteen millions
OF dollars 50 much for merely two arti'
cles OF African produce.
Birth's travels cover Centrl Africa as iar
IA to within eight degrees north ut the Equa.
tor. LyingstOne's researches come To with
in the same distance .outh. ~ that tller,
is still belt OF sixteen degrees, with the
Cqua or as u centre. which M white man
has vet visited. Lieutenant Barton, cclc-
brated Tor hrs succ-ssiu. Wit To Mecca and
Medina. Is now travelling in that porton.-
He hoIe- To crO.s the entire Continent, mid
way between the routes oi BArth and Law
ingstone.
Meanwhile, We now know enough to b,
SURF thai we have heretofore known but littl,
Of Africa OF its inhabitants. Both Rarth
and Livingstone, the latter especially, prov,
the whole immense tracts from the S.hanl
on the Nor h, to the Kalabari desert on the
Soulh-wlth breadth Of irOn five hundred
10 two thousand mile~--ls u wonderful y Ter.
tile and well watered country, probably not
inferior in natural productiveners To the val
legs OF the Mississippi and the Rio Gnnde,
capable Of yielding all tropical productions
and inhabited by n most Interesting people
OF rather by group Of races, all Of whom
differ materially in character irOm the ma
tiyes Of the Save Coast, who have hitherto
stood as the types of the population Of Af.
RIGA. These revelations are the graf signif
icant facts Of modern discovery, and poin,
the way to results exeeeded by nothing sincS
the discovery Of Ameiica.-Phiiadsiphia In
9rirer.
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08

given to to Mr.. S. is q gratifying evidence
Of the esteem in which he is held. Jos.
B. Hall Esq. Of Presque Isle, Secretary
last year, and an excellent officer was
unanimously nominated. James NJ. Lin
coin, Esq. OF Bath, the gentlemanly con-
ductor OF the Bath Sentinel, was nominal
I'd on the second ballot for assistant Clerk,
Oren Currier Of Scion, Messenger, a ID a
Mr.. Allen Of Dennysville, as assistant
Messenger.
The contest for Speaker in the House
caucus, at which ia ofthe lie republi-
can members were present, was an ex.
ceedingly close one. Josiah II. Drum.
mond OF Waterville, obtained the nom.
ina,ion by single vote, he having So
votes, and Mr.. johnson So. On motion
of Mr.. johnson, who acknowledged the
kindness he had received in the support
Of his friends in an exceedingly neat and
appropriate speech, the nomination was
made unanimous. Geo. w. Wilcox Esq,
Of Dixmont, the very acceptable Clerk last
year, was re-nominated unanimously hav.
ing 10 votes all cast. For assistant
A, Nl.ll.- Il
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08
Temperance at the Capital.

A new temperance movement which
seems to have the assent Of all parties
except the rum sellers, has been set on
foot at Augusta; public meeting Of the
citizens Of that city was held in Concert
Hall, on Monday night, under call sign
ed BY near two hundred persons, embrac'
ing men who have been heretofore the
bitterest enemies Of prohibition. The
meeting was very large, and a large com
mittee at the head OF which was placed
Col. Geo. W. Stanley, was selected &c
prosecute the rum-sellers. The call un'
der which the meeting assembled was
worded thus: The undersigned believ'
that the unlicensed sale of intoxicating
drinks in this city, is an evil OF great mag
nitude, which ought to be forthwith sup
pressed, invite their fellow citizens tC
meet at Concert Hall on Monday even
ing, January 4, 1858, at Z o'clock. "tc
adopt such measures us may be etfeetua
to rid our community OF this Obstructive
and infamous business" The call was sign
ed by nearly all the prominent men o
the city. 1t is healthiul indication Of {
better public sentiment, to see men who
have occupied such diverse positions oil
the Maine Law coming together. Au
gusta, no doubt, is cursed with "the dis
tructivc and infamous business Of rum
.olling. but probably not moro 50 thar
other cities and towns. A similar move
ment all over the State, would be lkcl!
to produce the most beneficial results
From present appearances, the rum-sel
lers of Augusta, il not elsewhere in tn,
State will have to get out Of the wa!
while the bell rings, or the engine vii
run over them.
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08
NAPOLEON b. Van Tuyl, of Geneva. N Y.

NAPOLEON b. Van Tuyl, Of Geneva. n "
heretofore SUPPOSED to be respectable man.
attempted To kidnap two ncsro,s living IN
that town, and sell them into slavery -
With one Of them he was successful, ceiling
him for $500 ., Mr. d. W. jenkins Of Car
roll county, Ky. Mr. jenkins soli the man
(whose name was John +. Hits) to lorenzo
Graves, Esq OF Louisville. Tor $3.50. Van
Tuyl has hcen arrsl.d Tor kidnapping, and
the negro has been reslond TO his freedom,
by u requi-ition irvm the Governor oil New
York. The parties who bought him gave
HIM up willingly, US soon rs they learned
the facts.
NJ. SorrR proposes to dine ono hundred
people in zach funnel Of the I.sviathan, I'M
med,a,ely after she i.dnch. Tho proceeds
Of the dinner TO DO given in aid Of some
naval or military asylum.
OxYoESArEp BIT Rs. No otter medicine
has ever given such astonishing prpof OF It's
efficacy In case Of Dy-peIria and General
Debility u acts IN the most agreeable man.
ner, restoring health, when all other RENE
dies have Jailed.
IT IL stated that there are ten times ~
many newrIapp printed in tho German,
Languages in the Unisd STATE 20 there are
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08

The SENATE COMMITTEES. The Albany
Evening Journal Is very severe on the Com.
mttees Of the U tied States Senate. II say,
the Craftsmanship Of the finance Committee
is assigned to Virginia-a State impoverished
on the verge Of bankruptcy. The Chair
manship Of the Commerce Committee l. Civ
en- to Alas,ma-which never launches I,
ship! Vi Military Aff,irs, to Mississippi
where thru is not u fort nor AZ arsenal -
or Naval Affairs, To Florida-that never
built aun.boat Of Foreign Relations. t.
Virglnia-for whose ports no Liverpool ira
der has sailed IN three years, and who's,
consul ships are sinecurcs OF Patents, Il
North Carolina-whlch does not take out Il
dozen in year OF Post Roadside Florida
where mail carriers loot II through swamps
with entire mail in breeches pocket =
OF Revolutionary Pensions. to South Carroll.
na-the headquarters Of tories in the Rcvo'
luton, and Of rebels ever since OF tn,
Library. to States where 1t is o crime u
read the Bible and felony to circulate the
Declaration of Independence. The Journal
adds:
But New York. whose sails wh.ten every
sea, whose men ind money have been law
ished in every war, whose post.ofhccs pay
not only for theinselvs, but for those Of
hall dozen other States h sides, and whose
taxpayers pour more gold into the federal
treasury than the whole 10 Slave States put
together-Ncw York must be content with
the last place on one Ommittee, and the
next to the last ON another. while especial
pains have ben taken that she shall bt
Uverruled in both
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08
Origin Of the Names Of States

Maine was no called, as early @ lo23,
from Milne in France, Of which henri.t~
Maria, Queen Of England, was ut thai ''me
proprietor. =, j..
New Hampshire was the name given 10
the territory conveyed by the Plymouth Com-
pany Ia Captain John Mason, by PATENT
Nov, 7th, 1922. with reference To inc PAT
entee, who was Governor Of Portsmouth, III
Hampshire, England. ,
yermnnt vas 40 called by the inhabitants
in their Declaration Of Independence. Janu
airy 10th, l777. from the French rerd "oni'
the green mountains.
Massachusetts, was % called from Mas-'l-
ehusetts Bay, and that from the MassAehu
setts tribe OF Indians, in the neighborhood
OF Boston. The tribe is thought to have do
rived It's name from the Blue HillsDf Milton.
IL bad learnt, says Roger Williams, that
the Massachusetts, was - called from the
Hue Hills
Rhode Island was 90 called in 1865, IN
reference 70 the Island OF Rhodes. in the
Mediterranean. :.
Connecticut was 40 called from the Indian
name Of its principal river. Connecticut
is u Mocheakannew word, signiiyins long
river.
New York was 20 called in 1874 in refer.
ence 10 II he duke Of York and albany, to
whom this territory was granted by the
King Of England. $3.50
New Jers y was 30 called in 1854. IRON
the Island Of Jersey. on the coast OF France
the residence of tho family Of Sir George
Carteret, to whom the Territory was gan
ted.
Pennsy lvania was 80 called in 1851, aitel
William Penn.
Delaware was so called in 1908 from Del
aware Pay, on which it lies. and which ~
ceived It's name from Lord do In War, wh'
died in this Bay.
MARYLAND was 10 called in honor OF Hen
riettl Maria, Queen Of Charles |, in his pa
tent to Lord Baltimore, June 80. 1852.
Virginia was 50 called in 1884, alter Eliz
abeth, the Virgin Queen oil England.
Carolina Was ~ called by the French ir
1864 in honor Of King Charles N OF France
Georgia was ~ called in 1882, in honor o.
King George III.
Alabama was so called in 1914, from il
principal river.
Mississippi was so called in 1906, from
its Western boundary Mississippi is said
To denote the whole river, G., the riyei
formed by the Union OF many.
Louisiana was 40 cs,llei in honor Of Loui'
XIV vi France.
Tennessee was 50 called in 1876, from il
principal river. The word Ten'asse Is said
to signify a cured spoon.
Kentucky was 81 called in 1892, from IL
principal river.
Illinois was 80 called in 1909. from 10
princiy al river. he word is said 10 signii,
the river OF men.
Indiana was so called in 1909, IRON the
American Indians.
Ohio was ~ called in 1902, IRON III
southern boundary.
Missouri Was ~ called in 1921, irom ii
principal river.
Michigan was so called in 1912 from th,
lakes on its border.
Arkan.as was 50 called in 1912, from III
principal river.
Florida WIS 20 called by Juan Ponce d,
Leon in 1872, because il was discovered OF
E,ster Sunday; in Spanish, Pascua Florida
Columbia was ~ called in reference {,
Columbus.
Wisconsin was 80 called from it, primer
pal river.
Iowa was 50 called from its principa
river.
Oregon was 50 called from its prineipa
river,
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08

Ok the 18th ult.. Mr.. Ebenezer s. Jordan,
Q graduate Of Bangor Seminary, was ordain-
ed at Wilton, n. H., as pastor Of the second
Congregational church.
Rev. JouS pirRroNr, the distinguished
poet and preacher. has just been married Tor
the third time, ut the ago Of - years. The
bride was Mrs. Fowler, Of Caupbellville.
New York.
IT 10 stated that the SUBSCRIPTION to Az.
assi1's forthcoming scientific work already
exceeds million and quarter Of dollars.
This Is almost unparalleled in the history Of
modern htsraspzs. L.t
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08

The Washington Correspondent Of the
Boston Advertiser has the following well
considered remarks in regard to the posi-
ton Of the Kansas question at Washing
ton.
WAsnISGroS, Dee. 80, 1857.
The remark has been often made that
the full significance Of passing events is
seldom perceived by those who are i'm
mediate witnesses of them, so that many
a generation has looked with levity and
unconcern upon transactions happening
before its eyes, which to succeeding gen.
erations have proved OF most momentous
consequence and all absorbing interest
suspect that We are now in one Of the
really great crisis Of our history, and tina,
the color of our politics and the tendency
of our national career, for long time to
come, depend very much upon the events
of the next month, in connection with
those Of the past month. 1t would seem
rs il the struggle between the adverse ell
ements of Freedom and Slavery, for the
control OF the government Of the Repub'
lie, were about to be decided in favor OF
Freedom. In other words, it would seem
that the democratic party, in the very
moment OF its last great triumph, was
about to be destroyed by the excuses to
which that very triumph had stimulated
it.
As was intimated BY Mr.. Douglass in
his first great speech on the Kansas ques-
ton, Mr.. Buchanan has been 80 long
abroad that IL is rot TO be wondered AT
that he should be unable to appreciate
the true state OF the country in relation
to the slavery issue. During his absence
in Europe, great revolution in public
sentiment took place in the free States, in
consequence OF the repeal ofthe Missouri
Compromise, and Of the outrages in Kan,
sas, and upon Mr.. Sumner. Since his re-
turn home, Mr.. Buch anan has been per.
haps less favorably situated than any
other public man, Tor judging accurately
oil the real tone Of public feeling. AS
candidate, rs President, he has been sur.
rounded by interested sycophants Of the
extreme pro-slaveIy faction, through
whom all the information that is suffered
to reach him comes colored and modified
to suit his prejudices AMI to subserve
their views. II is scarcely an exaggcra-
10 say that the President, surrounded by
his present advisers, has no more means
OF possessing clear and just conception
of what is going on in Kansas than the
Manchu Emperor at Pekin has Of Judg,
ing OF the true condition Of affairs at Can.
ton. As his celestial majesty, the Son OF
Heaven, has been made TO believe that
the troubles at Canton were only q slight
disturbance occasioued by a handful Of in.
solent barbarians who would soon be
properly chsstised aud brought to their
senses, SO has Mr.. Buchanan been led to
think that the Kansas difficulty was q
mere tribe which could be got over by a
little plausible palavering, and which new
or would have occurred but for the tanat.
ical intermeddling Of u few abolition emf.
grants from Massachusetts, with whom
the country has no real sympathy and for
whom il cares no mort than it did Tor the
abolition party oftwenty yesn ago.
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08

ISuux,N sEAIyEyr-A CuiLD FRozrN
To Darn a sweet little h,bc. nlns or ten
months o.d, s.rp cn,ij oi Abraham Wittc.
meyer. who llvr- between M'filn and Per.
rys,ille. WIS frozen Ia death one night dur
my the ,Icecdingly coid weather IN Nove,n
ber. The inlunian parents tried u break
it Of crying nv putting II in It's crlilc and
pushing IL hack under the btd. They did
NJ ons night, and the child cried until be
was exhausted, the inhuuan parents fell
asleep, and in the morning when they awoSe
it was dying. or d,ud-both legs frozen u
tile knee-. and it, arms stlG up "a the eib'~s
Its tiny fingers would break like sticks
the brutal mother IL quite young IN years,
and, We have %" dou't, has learned lesson
that will never b, forgotten; It's stop father
L. said not 10 be Oycrburiened with brains.
"God ears Tor the poor bAbs now."-Man'
6.n Herald.
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08


KANSAS. A Lawrence letter OF Dec. 22.
in the st. Louis Dem ,crlr. states that Cal
noun, the President of the late Calhoun,
the President Of the late Constitutional Con.
vention, had fed from Lecompton TO the pro-
lection of Fort Leavcnworth. There Was
much popular excitement against him. a
Leavenworth letter VI Dec. q. gives the fol.
lowing incidents Of the election in that city :
"The Free State men here participate in
the election, only NJ tar u 10 witness the
voting and challenge votes. Many Missud.
rams have crossed ut the Terry Opposite the
city, and some Of them have yO,ed, alter
swearing in their votes Tae iorm Of tile
oath administered j., Are you ut this in
slant an innubitant oi this Territory .
Four OF there Miss ,urians have been arrested
,or false voting. Judge L.compts has lssu.
cd writ OF l,abels corpus for their release.
Some Of our boys have taken p,'ssession Vi
the Terry boat and will not permit tho Mis-.
eurians u return to their horses On the Up
losite bank They have sent runners for
AID to the Fort and to KmkapOe. CALHOUN
and many OF his tribe arc here, and very
much excited
6P. NJ. Tao companies Of United Stats
soldiers have been brought and station d
ai,out the polls, and whoe er votes has to
inarci, between the lilies Ml-sourians vut-
ing in Kansas. Ani the Unilei States ar
my guarding the poils What u inock.ry
vi true democracy. Some vi our citiz-n-
went in boiy aud ok l,o-,, s-ion Of ~ lot
oi muskets which had been lying IN Capt.
A. b Milers store. since they were Issl
last {, eur IN the murJer of Phillips. hy this
same ruffin Miller. With thess they have
becn Is,rading the rtrceis, with tIe aud
drum led ON by Mr. Dixm, one of our mer.
chants Loud uni hearty cheers We're gwen
and returned by the citizens aud the sol.
d,ers. The must intense excitement prevails.
8P NJ The indignation Of u Tree and
outraged people Is thoroughly aruus d.
John Calhoun was this evening hung in iii
~, and then burned in front OF the Plant
rrs Hotter. in which the dictator and most
Of tho rufians were Gagged. This evening
the notorious Ely Moore was shot through
the lex by German whom no had in UT.
I'd. In all this excitement the ire SMle
men kept perfect order, and ut no time did
they contemplate interfering with the yot-
ing"
CINCINNATI, Jan. 4.
The St. Louis Democrat says that p.ssen.
gers report that On Friday, the % ult.,
news reached Leavcnworth that an engage
ment had taken plAcc between che troops VI
Lane ut Sugar Mound, and the Dngoons.
The officers ordered Lane to surrender, which
he refused too. The Dragons then charg.
cd, but were repuls-d with u loss Of 'hr-c Of
their number. The Dragons retired md
sent u Gov. Denver for ro-iniorcement.-
Denver ordered four compAnies ot Dragons
To the SCAT Of war, and &C was expected that
there would b. bloody work. As SION Us
the news Of the engagement was received.
the people commencei organizing. and were
hurrying to as~ist Lane. IL Was expected
that before the Dragons arrived, Lane
would DO reinforced ~ the nambsr Vi 25O0
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08
The WEEKLY GAZETTE. A newspaper

The WEEKLY GAZETTE. A newspaper
Of medium Size to be issued weekly, terms
sl.O0 payable in advance, has been start
ed by Mr.. Marcus Watson. in our city.
The first number bears date Jan. 9. We
notice that Mr.. Charles Ii. Granger, OF
Saco, is CO 'nected with it editorially.-
We avail ourselves with great cheerfulness
Of the opportunity which is presented by
the fact We have mentioned, to speak a
kind word Of Mr.. Granger, whom We
know to be ripe scholar, fine writer
OF both prose and poetry, and a gentle.
man. He has the ability to make the
paper an acceptable one to its readers.
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08

READ AND Srupr Tus. The great diff.
Guilty In the republics all over the world has
been that the people did not and would not
attend to the public business. In France,
and in every other state abroad. where 70
publican institutions had btcn established,
there had been ialal unwillingners on the
part Of th. masses to attend u the public
busines.-and 10 long IA such business WAS
Lett to the hands Of few men, government
might be administered properly for time,
but NO such permanent integri y could be
expected "a was necessary ~ pcrpetuate tho
q. s..t institutions under which We liye.-N.
p. Banks.
A WARY DECEMBER. The meteorologist
Of the Boston Traveller reports the average
temperature OF the 6nt twenty.four days 10
December US 3S.ly degrees, which $50 de-
grees above the avenge the same period dur.
ing 80 years. The average temperature Of
the same period Last December was 26.S, or
10 degrees colder than this year.
We observed span Of horses ploughing
Yesterday on piecs VI new sod ground
I>i: n Ats Tor this operation, as
NJ NJ ylcinity-Nss
The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1858-01-08

RaxrBrR tho concert BY the JULIEN
BuRLrsauK TRourE, ut Central Hall. on
saturday evening. Of their Opera House
At Portland, the Advertiser ays:
This place Of Amusement could give the
public no better evidence Of it, popularity
than 10 afforded BY the TACT that the hall
has been crowded nightly for nearly two
months, in despite Of TIE stringency Of the
times and ii, ecarcety of quarters. :
However much people ssem troubled xiih
short finances, they manage to -
twenty-five cents 70 hear the
lest Oncp q week.