Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1858-01-30
civil, criminal, s.nd military. Subordinate - -

civil, criminal, snd military. Subordinate n a.,
are eight lieutenanccs. 'uese
The CAPTAIN General has appellate urisdic,;on ::
military matters. In the cities and towns ,hero
also municipal bodies, called ayuntanaientos as org
tous or perpetual unions, and in the rural d,s,rpo
Jueces Pedaneos, or petty judges, who are named ~,
the local Governors. These exei else both indy
and ministerial functions. ''u'c'al
The CAPTAIN General presdes at the meetino, =.
the Havana Union, consisting of twelve memh,. VI
The chief secular tribunal Of Havana is that nf
CAPTAIN General VIII has in military affairs an ,,M
tor of war, and in civil disputes general assosaon
who likewise exercise the duties of the civil m."'
tracy. The tribunal Of the ordinary acaldes sss
also cognizance, in the first Instance of civ;, nag
military disputes The Union has also certain Nv
dical jurisdiction. There is, besids, comma,o ~,
tribunal, whose jurisdiction extends only to
tile affairs. . .. e''an'
The judges are all paid by fees instead Of sa.r;o,
The judges fees depend on their rank, and the nnn
Der and length Of their sittings they are therefore
remarkably sedentary in their habits. Judic;.1
proceedings, the continent of Europe arc ooa
Quoted wholly in writing vico eoce PLEADING . ,mS
trial by jury being alike unknown. The lawvera
are paid according to the number of pages ibas
write; long pleas are, therefore, by no means my
common. The sutton in Cuban court cannot mova
step without paying fee to judge, lawyer, clerk
Interpreter, or crier.
Some attention has been paid to education BY the
Government, but very little has been accompisbsd
In 1910, there 90, 500 free children in the island
between the ages of five and ten, OF whom onn
one tenth were sent to school. why
There is no such thing as liberty of the press in
Cuba. Everything is subjected to the srictest cen.
sorship. In 1887 eight newspapers were published
in Cuba, of which four were daily. DURING ,ba
constitutional crisis in Spain, when the censorship
was, for time, suspended, a number of papers
with the most singular names, which were soma
index to the wishes and opinions of the peonlo
were started at Havana such as, The Constitutional
Tailor, The Roars Of an African Lion, Brilliant
Strokes of Tyranny, The Mosquito, The Fly, The
Wasp, &c.
Authorities differ as to the population of Cuba.
According to the census of 1927 which was, we
believe, the last taken, the population was $780,.
562. OF these the whites numbered 81 ,O5l; the
free negroes, 1884, and the free people of color,
not negroes, 49, $50. The number of slaves was
2s6, $40; of whom 1s3, 200 were males, and lO3,.
652 females. Since 1927, the population has, Of
amount of imports since then, and the constantly
increasing production Of the island 1t now
amounts, probably, to about 800, 600.
The trade of Cuda is excellent. Its situation,
the fertility of its SOIL and the short dstance-not
more than thirty miles-from any point in the IN.
terror to the sea-shore, all tend to give it great
commercial prosperity; and, il the many injurious
moved, it would soon become one of the richest
spots on earth.
The island is very heavily taxed by the mother
country. The greater portion of the revenues is
derived from duties on imports. A great differ
ence is made between goods from Spain and those
from other countries. The duty -four, espe.
cialy on that from the United States, is very
heavy. If from Spain, and in Spanish vessels, the
duty is two dollars per barrel; but if the same be
in foreign vessels, the duty is six dollars per bar.
rel. If the -four be foreign but under the Spanish
flag, the duty is eight dollars and half per bar
rel; but if it be foreign, and under foreign flag
the duty is nine dollars and half per barrel.
The United States -four is however, so far supe'
rior to the Spanish, that independently of the
difference in price caused by the discriminating
duties laid, it always commands much higher
price, selling very often, for three dollars more
per barrel. The only effect of this high tariff on
American -four has been to increase smuggling
was years ago, and yet less passes through thu
custom.houses.
The trade of the United States with Cuba has
always been very large The relative proportion
of good. imported and exported under the flags
of Spain, England, and the United States, has been
stated as follows: Spain forty three and one hall
per cent; the United States twenty six per cent
Within the last ten years, the interior of the
country has been much improved, and the means
of communication increased by railroads, &C. The
first railroad ever laid in the island INNING from
Havana to the most important of sugar districts
was constructed by Alfred Cruger, Of the United
| States
Such, in brief, is Cuba. What she shall be in
future, we leave to be determined by the polit'
clans.