New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-01-25

=. lie land when once allotted to the peashnts mus
remain At the disposal Of the commune and IT,
exchange partial cttir. ~ a. 10 be reepnexed Ia
the lords manor, can only he effected with the con
sent OF the conmuur ana sanction Of the tribunal. 10
be created IN each district By the new regu.
| lation.
6. The price Of purchase (see Sec of this articei
must be fixed not merely according to the value OF
the tenement and It's appure nanccs but also to the
industrial advantages and other favorable conditions
Of the locality.
= The fixing Of the purchase money (obrok,. Of the
dues and services IN exchange for the land that by
terms Of the 18th section in the present article is aoi.
ted to the peasantz viii have 10 be regulated on the
sane bases.
3. The redemption may be distributed by the year
over the entire period Of the trausitory state.
= twin he necessary to preserve for each family
the night to certain plot OF ground without inter
ferng thereby with the organization OF the commune,
and while endeavorng to avoid a. far az possible to
frequent divisions and exchanges of these plots or al
otme nts.
TO- 1t at the time essentially requisite to
abish and preserve the rights Of the head Of each
peasant familythe rights of succession respecting
the dwelling, and also the land allotted to each house
keeper OF hearth (tsglo) likewise the conditions OF
partition among the members OF each family
II. The services TO De rendered, and the personal
abors, will have to be undergone by the peasants
according to prescribed rules drawn up by INC Com
mitee in the simplest and most practicable way
possible.
~ In case of irregularty in the payment of the
liquidation money, the landowner may demand per.
that II will DO proper to prescribe in sufficiently de-
tailed manner whit measures are to be taken, "a
guarantee to the proprietor the regular payment Of
the money nsallments and the fuillment of all the
obligations due by the peasants.
ILL., The rural police remains in the attributes of
the segneur. The peasants ought to be divided into
rura cOmmunes. decentralization of the communal
affars and justice IL reserved for the communal
sembes, or else for communal tribunals composed of
peasants under the supernspecion and after the
hImaton OF the proprietor.
". In order to superintend the introduction ard
due Observance Of the new regulations, also to form
decisions in disputed cases that may possibly arise be-
tween the prOpretors and the peasants special trbu
mails might be created in each district.
" As soon as the new regulations shall be confirmed
and take effect:
l. An end will be put TO all alienation Of the peas
ants away from the glebc, whether by sale gift
other mode- likewise to all transfer of the peasants
into other localities against their will. On the other
hand the peasants will not have the right during the
period of the transtOry state, to leave their villages
without the permission of the commune, and of the
lord on whose manor their settlement obtains.
p SO long a. the peasants shall continue in their
state of transition the propretOrs shall have the right
to deliver over rs recruits snch peasants as shall have
rendered themselves guilty OF offenses or Of vicious
habits, to hand them over to the Government for
transfer to other provinces but only decentralization
by the special tribunals to be created in each district
by of the regulations.
VI. The plans TO be devised by the committee ought
to establish and Indicate:
l. The rules to be observed for the ful6ment by the
peasants OF their rights OF recruitment and the desg
nation of the recruits, which designation ought to be
cOnided to the communes themselves, distinct from
the appreciation of the proprietor.
2. The Of securing the public Authorization
and of organizing the regular payment OF the Gums
due. To this end il would be eXpedient perhaps to
improve and repair the communal magazines, TO or
gaiize communal culture, and create communal
fund or capital.
3. The measures essentially required for the propa-
cation among the peasanty primary instruction and
Of useful trades, of religious principles and good man
ners for securing relief to the aged and nhm for sue
COrng the sick, &c.
In communicating the preceding remarks to your
Excelensy, have the honor OF requesting you, Sir,
TO be good to submit at the proper time the con-
sdsrations above detailed to the Committee that will
be formed in the Government of st. Petersburg
Should this Committee, from local considerations find
any of the former mpractcabe, then request your
Exceency to invite the Committee to explain cir
cumstanally in its final resolutions the reasons that
prevented it from accepting them
The Mrister Of the Interior, .
(Sigpedl, s. LANshOl
The following article, which we take from the Paris
Socie vindicating the claim of the POs nobility to
priority in this great work of civilization, turns
rey upon the fact that these Provinces are what con-
| sttuted the ancient Lnhuana:
It is especially in the choice at first Of her ground
that Russia has shown her characteristic tact She is
not going to expermeEaiZc with abolition in the old
empire at the gates of Moscow. Ii may do for st.
Petersburg where civilization has penetrated further,
where the eye Of Government can watch over every
thing but in old Muscovy this experiment would be
, running, perhaps, too great risk. On the other
hand, among her recent conquests there is q soil
already prepared, deeply ploughed, where all tue
ideas Of emancipation have terminated, and where it
is, perhaps, not disadvantegeous TO Russian policy
that antagonism should prevail between the nobility
| and the peasantry This soil has been pointed out by
| every one it is that of Poland. The Govern
| ments of Vino, kovno and Grodno, in which the
Emperor AleXander's rescript IL TO be applied,
| belong TO Poland. Vino is neither more nor less
than the capital Of IIthuana; it is that Iustrious
Vino still Astounding with the "reminiscences OF Poland,
and where oil the public places, all the monuments
remind us of the fallen nation. Grodno shares with
| Vino this sad privilege and We know what treaties
were signed there DovnO, at the confluence OF the
Vino with the Niemen, is also Polish, and the part 1t
Pile yed in the Lithuanian instruction has not been for
| gotten. Why has Russia selected this ground We
have pointed out the chief reason. Undoubtedly the
Cars Government finds there the tnreeolt antage
of securing the gratitude Of the Polish peasantry OF
squirting up the Russian mobiles most etectually by
Polands example as is proved by the desire to follow
| it which is shown by the landowners in the Govern
/ nent Of 81. Petersburg and of sparinS to Russia
Proper any kind of crisis. But there y another mo-
tive still that cannot pass over in silence; Is the
| history of Poland itself the Car Is paying, "a 1t
were, to the Lhuanans debt OF the revolution. As
| VI. Morawski formerly Minister of Foreign Affair in
| Poland, and the NeStor of the Polish emigration,
has observed in letter that has become historical
document the question OF the abolition of Slavery or
eIdOm in the Polish provinces isalready old one 1t
brought thther by the preminares of the French
revolution, and was well received. The celebrated
Constitution of May 3, 1871, still honored by portion
of the Poles as the venerable standard of their nation
declared solemnly that the agricultural population
| " being the most numerous and constituting the prn-
"cpal element of the national strength in the name
"ot humanity, justice, aud Christian principles, quite
as much as for its own interest properly understood,
"the state hencefoh took that population under It's
"protection and that of the laws" The abolition of
serSlom then expressly declared. The same arti.
| Gle of the constitution proclaimed the complete
liberty" Of every person setting foot on Polish ground.