The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-07-28

tains and North of the 49th parallel of latitude,
where Frazer river, after forcing Its way through
the deep gorges of the Cascade range, debouches
into the Gulf of Georgia, opposite the Southern
end of Vancouvers island, thousands upon thou
sands of eager adventures are now pouring
Three hundred and fifty miles from the mouth of
Frazer river, and at the junction of the latter
with Thompson river-its chief tributary-gold has |
been discovered in almost fabulous quantities. and
so. from the adjoining territories of Washington
and Oregon from California; from the Atlantic
States, and from England, ships freghted with
merchandise and thronged with passengers, are
either already on their way to the new Ell Dorado,
or are preparing to set sail. A district but re-
Gently traversed only by nomadic bands of warlike
Indians; and by French Canadians and half breeds
in the service of the Hudson's Bay Company, has
suddenly become an object of so much solcitude
to the Mother Country, that bill has been intro
duced into Parliament erecting it into colonial
dependency, under the name of Nev Caledonia
and 'making temporary provision for its civil gov
sernment until permanent settlements shall be es-
'tablished and the number of coonists increased"
But even with his authority thus strengthened and
legalsed, and supported, as it will be shortly, by
the presence of military force, Governor DOUGLAS
will find it difficult matter to assert his urisdic
ton over a multitude of armed and reckless men,
familiar with danger careless of life, and impa-
tent of official restraint 1t would not be at all
surprising, therefore, if under the pressure of al
legged grievances they should set the authorities at
defiance, and in contempt of the hostile attitude as
sumed by the Indians, endeavor to push their re-
connoisances into the Thompson river dis
trct which is described by old fur trad
ers as Zone of the finest countries in the
British Dominions, and with climate far superior
to that of countries situated in the same latitude
on the other side of the mountains" Assuming
this evidence given before a parliamentary COM
mittee to be reliable, it would appear that after
surrounding the difficulties presented by the Cas-
cade range, there spreads out inland, at distance
of one hundred and fifty miles from the coast a
territory extending from Thompson's River east
ward to the Rocky Mountains, and northward
for distance of three hundred and fifty miles,
which is admirably adapted to settlement and
which Mr.. COOPER, in a letter addressed TO Sir
E. L. BuLwER eulogises for its valuable fisheries,
its abundance of timber for marine purposes, and
its extensive fields of btumnous coal All the
mining operations have hitherto been restricted TO
the placers Frazer's river, although it had been
ascertained that the gold taken by stealth from the
bars on Thompson's river, was coarser grained and
more abundant in quantity but the Indians, Jealous
of the white ntruders, have interdicted them from
ascending the latter stream, and have driven off
all who had ventured to break ground upon its
borders. 1t is possible that this hostile attitude
mo haua baon fro,,, 1
fear lest the Miners in their explorations east of
the Cascade range, should become enamoured
with the deliciousness of the climate and the
fertility of the SOIL and proceed to establish them
selves in permanent occupancy of the hunting
grounds over which the wild tribes of the North
West have roamed in freedom from time immem-
orlaf. However this may be, we fear that the pre-
cautions taken by the English Government to
maintain the authority of the Crown and the rules
police which Governor DOUGLAS has established,
will avail but little towards preserving peace and
good order among the Adventures themselves, or
between them and the Indians by whom their
movements are constantly watched and with whom
they have more than once been brought into direct
and sanguinary collision. Recent intelligence
from California while it establishes the correctness
OF the earlier statements relative to the abundance
of gold to be found throughout the Frazer River
District, deepens the apprehensions of Indian hos
tlties that were previously entertained Six
miners out of party of ten have already fallen
victims, and by the latest advices from Victoria,
we learn, that the Indian warriors were assembling
IN large numbers that there was just reason to
fear that the mining region would soon be over
run with them and that an indiscrimnate massacre
would speedily follow Whether the extraordinary
influence which Governor DOUGLAS is said to pos
sess over the natives will enable him to avert the
threatened danger, it is impossible for us to say;
but we feel assured that if a war of determination
was declared, however successful the onslaught of
the savages might prove at first, they could not
long Withstand the multitude of adventures that
would pour in upon them from every town. village
hamlet and mining district on the Pacific Coast
armed to the teeth, and animated by a double
passion-a passion for gold, and burning desire
to avenge their fallen comrades. If such war
should be commenced, England would not long
retain her newly organized colony of Victoria.