davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1858-10-01
Letter Of instructions % Gov DourIas

~N''~~ " A-'sA uOtA0no " Wv. Duu8lao
Lord Mslmesbury, the British Premier
has issued the following letter Of instruc.
tons to Gov. Douglas:
DowSINe SrREEr, July /, 1858.
SR;-I have to acknowledge your de-
spatch Of the Sth ult., in continuation Of
former dispatches, informing the Secretary
Of State from time to time OF the prooress
Of the gold discoveries Of Frazer river. and
the measures which you had taken ia con
sequence. ] am anxious not to let the op-
portunity Of the present mail pass without
informing you that her Majesty's govern
ment has under their Consideration the
pressing necessity for taking some steps 10
establish public order and government IN
that locality, and that hope very soon 70
DC able to communicate to you the result
In the meantime her Majesty's govern.
ment approve the course which Won have :
adopted in asserting both the dominion Of
the crown over this region, and the right
Of the crown over the precious metals
They think, however, that you acted Judi.
eiously in waiting for further instructions
before yon endeayOrsd to compel the ta-
king out Of licenses by causing anv force
to bo despatched for that purpose from
Vancouver Island. IS io1s-
They wish you to continue your yiei-l
lance, and to apply for instructions on any
point on which you may require them.
They are however, in addition, particularly
anxious to impress on you that while her
Majesty's government are determined on
preserving the rights, both Of government
and OF commerce, which belong 10 this
country; and while they have 1t II conteu,.
plation to furnish you with such q force as
they may be able to despatch for your as
slstance and SuppOrtoin the preservation Of
law and order, it Is no part Of their policy
to exclude Americans and other foreienSfa
from the gold fields. On the contrary.
you are distinctly instructed to oppose 10
obstacle whatever in their resort thithsr
for the purpose Of digging in those fields.
so long as they submit themselves, in com.
mon with the subjects Of her Majesty. %
the recognition OF her authority, and con-
form to such rules Of police as you NAV
have thought proper to establish. TheIN
natural right to navigate Frazer river ia oil
course separate question, aud one which,
her Majesty's government must reserve
Under the circumstances OF 50 larre Al
immigration Of Americans into English Ter.
ritory, l need hardly impress upon you the
Importance of caution and delieacy IN deal
ing with those manifold cases Of fnterua-
tional relationship and feeling which are
certain to arise, and which, but for the ex
ercise OF temper and discretion, might sasi,
y lead to serious complications between
two nsighboring and powerful States. Il
, 1858-10-01

These facts show the much greater
practicability, in an engineering point Of
view, Of the northern (Gov. Stevens
route than any other.
In freight business, regard must be had
to the ascents and deScents, as well as to
curves, in order to ascertain the probable
cost BY examining the statistics Of rail
roads, it will be seen that the cost Of car
rying freight varies from about four or FIVE
mills per ton per mile TO some Is or l8
mills. The cost, Of course, depends in part
upon the amount Of business, but mainly
upon the grades.
Engineers have formula whereby they
reduce all roads to horizontal planes to get
q measure Of comparison, and the distances
thus ascertained are known as equated dis
tances. To institute proper comparison
between the route Of Gov. Stevens and the
other routes, not only should there be a
comparison between the equated distances,
but the roads should all start from some
great water line. We have assumed the
great Lakes and the Mississippi river for
the water line, from which all the distances
should be estimated.
If this be objected to, the advocates Of
the northern route will be the last to com
plain, as the comparison will then inure to
its manifest advantage Starting on tho
Missouri at the head Of steamboat naviga-
tion, viz, at the great falls Of the Missouri.
, 1858-10-01
GOV. sTEyENs' ROUTE.

This route starts at St. Paul, follows up
the eastern bank Of the Mississippi to Sauk
Rapids, where it crosses that river, pur-
sues o general west by north direction
to the BOis-de-Sioux, on the western bOun-
Diary Of Minnesota, and in its westward
course strikes Fort Union and Fort Ben
ton on the Missouri, crosses the Rocky
mountains by Lewis and Clark's, Cadotte's,
or the Northern Little Blackfoot, or Null
lain's pass, thence following one of the
tributaries of the He'll Gate river, debouch-
es in the Bitter Root Ralley at He'll Gate.
From this point it proceeds down tho Bit
ter Root Valley to the mouth of the St.
Regis de Borgia, up that stream till it
crosses the Ceur PAlene divide to the
waters Of the Ceur d'Alene river, which it
follows to the Ceur d'Aleue Lakes, whence
it deaects in a southwark direction to near
the mouth Of Snake river and bifEcates--
, 1858-10-01

near Fort Benton, they will stop at the
corresponding point on the Columbia, aud
will thus furnish comparison in their IA
vor of less than FIVE hundred miles over
three or four times, and in some cases FIVE
times that distance, by either Of the other
routes
, 1858-10-01

Lord Mslmesbury, the British Premier,
has issued the following letter Of instruc.
tons to Gov, Douglas:
, 1858-10-01
Cbr l)iOarrr anO prmOtrat
is PUBLISHED ON EVERY FRIDAY MORNING
By EDWARD FURsTE.
Q38293eaayEi ADVANCE,

For one year when sent by mail or taken at the
ofice IS 90 for six months, 50 90. Single copies
% cents.
No paper will be discontinued, unless at the option
Of the publisher, until all arrearages are paid.
, 1858-10-01
CHARACTER OF THE COUNTRY.

The late Secretary Of War has given a
view of the country differing entirely from
that of Governor Stevens and the officers
associated with him. As the Secretary
does not support his judgment by single
voucher, as the observers all agres essenti-
ally with Gov. Stevens, his opinion can
hardly be considered as entitled to any
weight against the conclusions Of the ro-
port which has received his unfavorable
criticism. Thus the Secretary OF War
states that the Northern route passes
through l,490 miles Of generally unculti-
Vable country, and that the cultivable areas
are only about one Thousand square miles.
Now on that route the formation both in
the Rocy and Bitter Root mountains is
limestone, and there are the constituents Of
limestone il the soil generally for arabic
purposes. The result reported by Gov.
Stevens is what was to have been expected.
So far from the route running through
400 miles Of generally uhcultivable
couatry, much Of the country thus pro.
nounced uncultVable is exceedingly rich
and productive, we'll watered aud abound
ing in the finest timber on the streams.
All along this alleged generally unculti-
vable region are to be found exeelant far.
ming locations Large tracts of rich farm
ing land ranging in size from one to four
thousand square miles are to be found in
single bodies Most Of the country in Miu-
nesota west Of the western boundary Of the
State Of Minnesota is arabic. The lands
bordering on Milk river are fine wheat
lands.e Most Of the tributaries flowing into
the Missouri have broad, open, highly pro-
ductive valleys The bottom lands Of the
Missouri itself arc Of the finest quality, and
Indian corn will be good and certain crop
for a considerable distance above the Great
Falls. In the region Of the upper Missouri
from the Bears Paw to the Rocky Noun
tain region the estimated cultivable area Of
ten thousand square miles made by Gov
is an underestimate. 1t will
amount to at least twelve thousand square
miles. West OF the Bitter Root mountains,
the country for nearly one hundred miles is
not only nrable but highly productive; the
Walla-wnlla country is one of the finest To-
cations for small farms in the world, and
this tract eincluding the whole re-eAtering
Of the Snake) can sustain farming popu-
lation Of one hundred thousand souls. There
are large arabic tracts in the Yakima
country. For grazing purposes the country
through which the Northern route passes,
is unsurpassed either east or west Of the
Rocky mountains. The great success of
the Indians of Washington and Oregon
Territories as raiser of horses and cattle
shows the mildness of the climate and its
grazing resources. The country is exceed
ingly well adapted to sheep. East Of the
Rocky mountains the vast herds Of bnffalO
which find their subsistence there summer
and winter, and the large bands Of Indian
horses which have ne difficulty in thriving
upon their winter pastures, is significant Of
the goodness and sGlubrity Of its climate.
Not to extend this article unnecessarily, +,
, 1858-10-01

1t must be remarked in regard to the
Northern route that Gov Stevens urged
additional explorations and pointed out
many routes to which particular attention
should be given. The practicability of the
Ceur d'Alene trail was determined by him
in 1855, as an incident to other duties, be
being obliged to cross the country as Com
missioner to make treaties with the Indian
tribes. The Cascades were not fully dovel-
oped iu 1858. The minute instrumental
examination which was urged, Of the Sna-
qualmie pass was not made, nor, as was
had in contemplation, was the country ex-
plored between the Spokane and the main
Yakima, to ascertain whether the great
southwark bend of the reported railroad
line could not be avoided and a much
shorter and less costly connection made
Nor were the connections, so clearly point.
cd out and vigorously urged in bis report,
between the passes explored by him in the
Rocky Mountains and the western boun-
dary Of Iowa and Missouri through the
Black Hills Of Nebraska, and the BOis de
Sioux Of Minnesota by line crossing the
Missouri and Yellowstone, ever practically
ascertained by exploration as advised by
him. 1t is possible that the superiority of
the Northern over other routes as regards
distances, grades and general practicability
will be more thoroughly established, when
the field is occupied and the facts deter
mined us urged in the report Of the explo-
, 1858-10-01
RATES OF ADVERTISING.

For one square, (2 lines or ess) three weeks s. 90
For every additional insertion ..............f 81 90
liberal deduction made to yearly advertisers
The number Of Insertions must be distinctly marked
on the margin Of advertisements sent u.s. or they will
be continued till forbid and charged accordingly
L. P. FISHER, Merchants Exchange Building,
Sacramento street. San Frannisco, is authorized to
receive and receipt for subscriptions and advertise
ments in California
, 1858-10-01

COMPARISON OF LINEAR DISTANCES.
Coz. SiSve,s' Route.
Miles.
Western end Of Lake Superior to Seattle u...l Sl3
St Paul TO Seattle. 800
Western end Of Lake Superior to Vancouver ,SO2
st. Paul to Vancouver ,1S9
Other R0Rtes.
South Pass Route. Rock lS1nd to Benicia . 2, 800
3jth Parallel, San FTanciScO to Memphis 2 366
32d Parallel, San FIanciAco to Gaines .......2 t74
COMPARISON OF EQUATED DISTANCES.
Coz. StereHs' Route.
Miles.
Western end Of Lake Superior to Seattle 1884
ot' du " oeuttlt f4El
Western end Of Lake Superior to Vancouver. IA
81. Paul To Vancouver l3l
Other Routes.
South Pass Route, Rock Island to Benicia " 2 s5OI
3ith Parallel, San Francisco to Memphis B ,2s5
32d Parallel San Francisco to Gaines .... B.. .2S97l
, 1858-10-01
WASHINGTON, July 25, 1858.

Our government begins to realize the
importance of questions, heretofore thought
little Of, relating to the rights and claims
of the Hudson Bay Company on the Pacific
side of the continent.
Unless q wise and liberal policy be pur-
sued by the British with regard to miners
in the Frazer river country, there may be
collisions that would lead to international
difficulties The American miners will
soon learn, if they have not already, that
neither Gov. Douglas nor the Hudson Bay
Company have any authority over mines
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26

OTICE.-The senior partner having with.
Y drawn from the firm OF JAMES GREEN
h SONS, our future business will be conducted
under the name and style OF GREEN x BRO,
who have now on hand for sale and will con-
tinue 10 manufacture, al the old stand, corner OF
Prince and Fairfax streets. a general assortment
of the most modern and antique FURNITURE,
FEATHER BEDS, HAIR. and SHUCK NAT
TRESSES. &c, and every other article en-
braced in our line of business. We hope by the
aid of the most modern machinery, and the
many conveniences which our mandatory is
provided with, to be able TO make it the interest
of those wanting anything in our line, to give
us call. JOHN w. GREEN,
ap 30-tf S. A. GREEN.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26
FIRE INSURANCE NOTICE.


THE FIRE INSURANCE CONP.>y .,
i ALEXANDRIA, continues 10 insg,o,s =
Fire, generally, in Town and Coun,Fy 49,. ...''
toiore, on the most reasonable terms. -
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
ANTHONY p. COVER. Iy,,,l,,..
William Gregory, Edward ) Homo.
Robert Jameson, James ?. >,r..
thomas n. Keith, Robert g. y!oIs,
William H. Fowle, Thomas Wee.
John H. Brent, ID. B. Smith
Jno. B. Daingerheld.
Office hours from 9 to ! J. snd from ?. ...
o'clock. g. W. WATTLES. >ec,.:,
Office on King street, near ST. A,ap,
nov l0-dly
"HE POTOMAC INSURANCE coz,
NY OF ALEXANDRIA-No n 80. y
Fairfax street, next door TO J Leadbea,sr. H..
Store-where they will be pleased 10 r.r. {
offers for either Fire or Marine Insurance
President-SAhUEL MILLER
DIRECTORS.
VIM. n. McVeigh, Roberts. Asbg,
Lewis Mckenzie, Na,bauIs.go..
Casalusr Lee, BENJAMIN BaI,o.
F.. B. POWELL
~ - >r.Isf...
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26
JOHN GIBSON, SONS 4 CO.
Philadelphia, oct Idly

VOUNG LADIES lNSTlTU 1 E.-The
Ninth Annual Session of this Institution,
ioI Boarding and Day Scholars will commence
on Monday, September 18th.
The Exercise. will be conducted by the Prin.
ciral and his wife, aided by competent Assis.
tants in the several departments.
Those pupils who expect 10 become teac ers,
will. in ADDITION TO the usual coarse of study,
receive special advice and instruction upon
such topics and duties as relate directly 10 the
profession OF Teaching.
Courses of Lectures upon the Sciences, will
be delivered during the year.
Further information respecting the lnstitu-
ton, may be obtained by application TO
SYLVESTER SCOTT, Principal.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26
SOUTHERN PROTECTION INSURANCE
y COMPANY, ALEXANDRIA. =.
CAPITAL OVER S2JO.OOo.

y :
The charter OF this Company OFF,, rors q.
vorable advantages TO the farmer and .,.r.,
than any other company chartered NJ .r. -.
by insuring with or without premium. ro.-
II the applicant prefer. ne can pay the ,aH s1,,.
OF the premium IN cash, or hy eriecrrrg 4 o..
insurance for two years the insured save. o..
eighth OF the amount he would o;hrrwrss b.,.
TO pay or by becoming member and .,,,,,
small premium note. the insured saw, r..-.r
one half OF the amount charged Oy>toc. Com.
MES, when insurlng from year 20 year. TIN.
the advantage resulting from the con bIra,,nr
THE CASH AND MUTUAL PRINCIPly
This company commenced issuing Pouc.,
against loss or damage by tire, on the l5t1 .,
March, 1854, since which time over i've ,.o,
sand seven hundred persons have insured aay b..
come members OF the Company, and over mr..
thousand dollars have been paid Tor lo.,r, -
Having trebed our business during the p...
year We feel grateful for the liberal pa,lo5s,.
bestowed upon the Company thus far, and iog..,
hattering prospects OF future useiI'n.,, T..
Directors hope and believe that By praipr.,
caution and rigid system OF economy. 5sg
will establish for this Company a repara.i..
for cheapness and safety, not surpassed by Az.
Company in the U. States.
All differences in settlement Of losses. uavh,
determined by three disinterested arbitrator,
the County where such loss happened 10 be ~.
tually chosen by the insured and the COMPANY
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26
HARDWARE. CUTLERY, &c.

IRON, HORSE SHOES
ELLIPTIC SPRINGS. &c. &c
{. N. CASTLEMAN, No. 60, King-t.,
CORNER or MARKET ALLEY,
Wholesale and Retail Dealer in
AMERICAN ANn ENGLISH
REFINED BAR AND SHEET IRON
Cast, Shear. and Spring Steel
Elliptic Springs, Carriage and Cart Axles
Blacksmith's Bellows, Anvils, Vices, &C.
general assortment of the above named ar
ticles will be kept constantly on hand together
with Other articles TO tedious 10 mention.
= Merchants and consumers are respectful
ly invited TO call and examine my stock before
to dec 10
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26

TAUTION-W beg leave 10 caution purcha
\ J sers of our choice OLD MONONGAHELA
WHISTLES against the deception and petty
fraud which is practised by certain parties IN
this city and in Baltimore. who have appropria'
ted to themselves exact copies Of the Star Brands
long used and designed by us to distinguish our
Old Whiskies We can assure our friends and
customers. that the unrvailed quality, every
where acknowledged, OF our choice OLD WITS
KlES, cannot be equaled by these ingenious
invaders of our rights.
Our new establishment, GIBsoNToN MILLS, on
the Monongshela River, gives us uneqnaIed
facilities tor making Whiskey OF the choicest
kind, from matted and kiln.dried grain.
Purchasers of our Old Whiskies will please
to notice, the words GIBsoNToS Mills, and JOHN
GIBSON, SONS Il Co, are inserted in the new
Brands which we now adopt; and we deem II a
duty We owe TO our customers and ourselves, to
give notice, that we will prosecute and expose
any person or persons who may hereafter copy
or use our Brands.
JOHN GIBSON, SONS & co.
i
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26

7 UsT RE- klVED and for sale
81 50 boxes Rasins, whole, half, and quarter
=" Cltron; bale Bordeaux Almonds
| sack Paper Shell do
Hard do; ] DO ievica do
Fiiberts; do Cream Nuts
20 drums Figs; ! trail Dates
cask Currants; 500 Cocoanuts, fresh
500 Sweet Havana Oranges
bushels Ground Nuts
sack Pecans l cask Canary and do.
Hemp Seed; also fine assortment OF Tors Tor
Christmas Holidays, with fine assortment OF
fine CANDY too nsmerous TO mention. with
variety OF CANDY of my own manufacture; a
fine lot OF Japan Cages, Breeding Cages; also,
fifty pair Of Canary Birds, all of the above
GOODS, which Will sell low for cash.
c. SCHAFER, Confectioner,
nov No 3 North Fairfax street
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26

A LARGE STOCK OF WHITE AND
N COLORED FLANNELS on hand to
which we invite the attention of the trade.
S. & w. MEYENBERG,
nov8 50, Kingstreet
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26
THASHluNABLE DANClNG-PHENlX

QUESTIONABLE DANClNG-PhENIX
II HALL.-Profrssor JOHN L. BAKER, re-
spectfully announces 10 the citizens OF Alexan-
dria and vicinity, that his first course OF nstruc-
ton will expire on the 18th instant.
He is now prepared to receive applications
for his second quarter, commencing on the I'd
OF December. All persons desirous OF taking
instruction in every variety OF
FANCY DANCES,
That are now taught, are requested TO make
early application.
Particular attention will be paid 10 the in
strucrion OF children and imparung To them a
thorough know ledge OF the POLITE ART
TERss FOR SESSION OF TWENTY Four LESSONS
Tuition Tor Young Ladies'. $500. $40 90
Misses and Masters, Saturday mornings, from
IOto II o'clock; and evenings, from 3 TO D o
clock.
For Gentleman, Monday and Friday nights,
from 10 10 o'clock.
Persons wishing to take lessons are reques.
ted TO call on me, at Phenix Hall, over MIR.
John Arnold's Hat Store nov l3-2w
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26

DLACK AND FANCY CLOAKlNG CLOTHS
ID for Ladies, at S. x W. MEYENBERGS
nov 90 Sarepta Hall.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26

TANCY GOODS; Hair Brushes; Ivory Fine
Tooth Combs Buffalo Dressing do; India
Rubber Dressing do; Teeth Brushes; Pomades;
German and American Cologne; and French
Perfumery; fine assortment, received per Schr.
Arctic and for sale by
JOHN LEADBEATER 4 son,
II mo "a Staber's Old Stand.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26
DRY GOODS, &c.

WE WOULD call the attention OF our Gus
w toners 10 the following articles, just
received
Rlack silk Bombaznes and Alpaccas
DeBages, large stock OF Fancy Prints, (selling
very cheap
Irish Linens, bleaohed and brown Sheetings Il,
Fine beached and brown Shirtings "a superior
article)
Brown, bleached, and colored Canton Flannels
Red and White Flannels, Every cheap
Plaid Linseys, "a superior arucle0 Servants and
Bed Blankets; Ladies and Gents. Shawls, Chill
drens do, large lot of Gents. and Ladies
Linen Cambria Handkerchief, which are being
sold very low. Call early
J. F. Il L. A. LARKIN,
nov II No. "a. King street
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26

NEW STORE OPENED-LEWlS BAAR
N has the pleasure of announcing TO the cit
izens of Alexandra, that he has just opened at
No 1873, King street, new FANCY and DRY
GOODS STORE, MILLINERY ESTABLISH
MENT, &c. The Milinerydepartmen will be
under tho especial superintendent OF Mrs.
BAAR, Gate Miss Meyenberg) and lady OF the
highest taste and of tried ability, has been en-
gagged to attend to DRESS MAKING, TRIM
MING, &c The Ladies are invited TO call, and
are assured that any orders with which they
may favor the establishment, will be executed
to their entire satisfaction. sep2s
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26

VNULLED CLOTH, LlNSEYS, &c
10 bales superior Virginia PULLED Cloths,
heaviest and best made
10 pieces heavy Country Lnseys
80 do "a, rs, and A do
Georgia Kerseys and Plaids
Nos i and Osnaburgs, Bro Cottons Plaid
Domestics, Chambrys, and osnaburg Prints.
Also, Heavy PULLED Cloth Coats and Jackets
all sizes, for Servants; large lot OF Negro
Blankets, to all Of which we invite the special
attention of the Country trade.
oct O. G. X. WILMER & BROS.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26

MACGREGOR'S VENTlLATlNG STOVES.
7 HAVE on hand the most complete assert.
meut OF COOK and PARLOR STOVES
mat has ever been offered in this city. Among
nv Cooks are the Diamond Rock, Nevada,
Comet, Wisconsin, Charter Oak, and Homestead
Parlor Stoves, Tor Coal, are the Macsregor Ven
fila,ing Stove, Backus Patent Radiator. New
Pattern Radiator, rarlor crates, Parlor Cooks,
and Cylinder Stoves. Parior Stoves for Wood,
are the Self Regulators, Cottage Parlors, Oven
parlors, Sheet Iron Air Tight and Six and Nine
Plate Stoves Washington STOVE POLISH,
STOVE PIPE, SHEET ZINC, &c.
n TIN WARE al wholesale, as low as il
can be bought in Baltimore or anv other city
4. /. GREGORY, ilS King street,
oct,s opposite Marshall House.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1858-11-26

TRESH DRUGS, &c.--Quinine Extract
II Colocynth, Indigo, White CASTLE Soap
Palm Soap; White Bar Soap, Gentlan Root
Godrey's Cordial, Valernate of Zinc, Meals
ter's Ointment, Canary SEED &c, just received,
and for sale by J. K. PlERPOlNI,
No II! s. f. corner OF King and Westinghouse.