Dallas herald. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1849-1873, 1858-12-29

the northern portion Of Chihuahus and Sono.
"a should be taken at once, beeause they are
sparely inhabited by whites, and are the refuge
o. large hands Of predatory and hostile lndi'
ans, who mysge the frontier OF the United
States. Where anarchy threatens the safety
Of the postal and stage communications be.
tween our Ailanre and Pacific Sntes, which
run through those regions, A temporary oc.
eupaion Of this territory and the establish.
ment al military posts there the President
thinks absolutely necessary.
In connection with this he urges the esiab-
lishment Of territorial government for Arisc-
nn.
The subject Of Central America and the
IIsthmus imnsit route comes next,
The President holds that Nicaragua and
Costa Ricn have ns little right TO obstruct the
passage Of the commerce and travel OF Amer.
lean. across the lsihmus, as they would have
# that was an arm OF the sea cutting through
the lsthmus. He insists that while the actual
sovereignty Of Nicaragua is TO have respect,
other nations are entitled TO demand that the
passage should not be closed by civi4 wars,
revolutionary outbreaks, Of the quarrels OF ri.
val grantees. He says:
The government OF the United States eX.
pect no more than this, and they will have no
less. They would not, il they could, derive
any advantage from Nicarnguan transit, not
common to the rest OF the world. It's neutral.
ty and protection for the common use Of all
nations, is their only object. They have no
objection that Nicaragua shall demand and re.
ceive fair compensation from the companies
and individuals who may traverse the route;
but they insist that it shall never hereafter be
closed, BY an arbitrary decree of that Govern
ment. If disputes arise between it and those
with whom they may have entered into con-
tracts, those must be adjusted by some fair tri.
) bunal appointed for the purpose, and the route
must no, BE- closed pending the CONTROVERSY
/ This is our whole policy, and it cannot fail to
5 he acceptable TO other nations.
All these difficulties, he adds, might te
avoided, if consistently with the good faith Of
t Nicaragua, the use of this transit could be
thrown open to general competition, providing
at the same time for the payment of reason
able rate to the Nicaragu,n Government on
passengers and freight.
The Cass- Yrissar treaty is referred TO, and
the objection of the Government of Nicara.
qua pronounced to be insufficient. !.
The President-feeling diplomacy can do
nothing farther without the authority Of Con.
gress-he accordingly asks from Congress.
"The passage of an act authorizing the
President, under such restrictions as they may
deem proper, to employ'ihe land and naval for
, ces of the United States in preventing the
transit from being obsruc,ed or closed by law.
less violence. and in protecting the lives and
property of American citizens travelling there
upon, requiring at the same time that these
: forces shall be Withdrawn the moment the
: danger shall have passed away. Without
S such provision our citizens will be constant
ly exposed to interruption in their progress
and to lawless violence"
Similar necessity exists for the passage o!
srch an act for the protection OF the Panama
and Tehuantepec routes.
In regard to Panama, the right to do this is
only provided for by the treaty.
So also there are treaty stipulat'ons IN invor
of the Tehuantepec route in Mexico. Both
require Legislation to provide for their being
carried INTO efecc'
Following this is reca capitulatlon of certain
wrongs and injuries perpetrated by Nicaragua
and Costa Rica upon Americans and American
property, and the long continued refusals of
redress. Instructions have been given to our
Minister to make new demands for satisiac.
tory adjustment; failing which, says the Pres-
dent:
1t will only remain for this Government to
) adopt such other measures as may be necessa-
nv in order to obtain for itself that justice
, which it has in vain attempted to secure by
peaceful means, from the Governments OF
, Nicaragua and Costa Rica.
A treaty has been negotia!edwith New Gra-
NADIA, which is to be transmitted to the Senate
, and which it is hoped will put an end to all
f existing difficulties.
With Brazil we are negotiating for the re-
moval of the export duty on coffee. and the
consequent increase of our trade in flour.
The expedition to Paraguay is treated as
mission of peace, to demand satisfaction for
certain wrongs, but supported by an adequate
force 10 support it.
The President next turns to domestic SUBJ
liects, expressing his views on the character
and causes of the late commercial revulsion,
and finding in these what no Government could
have controlled. The only power which the
Federal Government has over the excessive
bank issue, which were productive Of so much
Of the evil, is, IN its power to make bank
rupt law for corporations, and he recommends
this again The effects of the revulsion on
the public finances are treated at length.
The revenues fell off, and the Government
was obliged to provide for the deficiency by
borrowing, aud thus creating public debt
The improved aspects Of commerce are such
as to give confidence that the revenues will
rise again, but the debt must be provided for
5 and this he proposes to do by revising the tar
if, and in so dong to substitute, on certain ar.
: ticles of large import specific instead of lad
r valorem' duties, with the view of alfordng in
cidenta protection to manufactures. The spe.
n ci6ic duties be would impose as an equivalent
: to the .ad valorem' duty, calculated on the
e average importation of a series of years