The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-09-19

sales for export. Sugars active and firm with
free sales closing a, about Nc advance on the weeks
transactions above the current prices the close the
previous week. CoGoe was steady with more doing
Fregh,s were steady, and 800 bb four were engaged
to Liverpool at Is Cd cotton n S32d. Rosin TO London
at Is 3d. cheese at 30s., and turpcntinc S. per bb
The Opening or China-Its Enccts Upon the
East and the West.
The new treaties with China form an eppro-
Pirate counterpart to the great events in the
Western World In the year 1863. While on this
side we have been annihilating the abyn Of
ocean, far as regards the transmission of In
teliigence, in the Far East, the Oldest, the most
populous and the most exclusive empire of the
world, has been compelled to open itself to the
progressive march Of the four living nations of
the earth.
Although the United States, Russia, England
and France have not all joined in the actual
war against China, they were all joined in the
real war against the Chinese policy, and their
representatives and moral weight were brought
to bear at Tien-sin against those imperial
msxims that have ruled for almost countless
centuries. All, therefore, participate in the
results, whatever they may Re; and though
these should not turn out az effective as is de-
srable, the way is opened for future separate or
collective development. By the terms of the
treaty with our government which we pub
lished on Thursday-it will be seen that three
great points are obtained. These are the OPEN
ing of new ports to commerce, the federation
of. Christianity and protection of Chi
nese converts, and the residence at
Pekin of our official representative. Whatever
may be the shortcomings of the treaty in ma
terial and moral point of view, this last conces-
sion secures their Development and their ult-
mate triumph. The opening wedge OF civiliza-
ton, has found an entrance in the Chinese en-
pire, and steam and electricity will soon drive
ithome.
The results that will flow from the newly
opened communication between two hundred
millions of men, to whom the steam engine is
play thing, and whose civilization is marked by
wondrous power of mind over matter, and
four hundred millions whose mechanical powers
are limited to the carving of soft woods and the
fashioniDg of potter's clay, will be as vast and
all-pervadng in their effect as those of any
event that history has yet recorded. When we
reflect how recently Europe has risen from bar.
barism, how slow was her march of progress
until mechanical science began to be developed,
how this mighty influence within the present
century, emily yet half expired, has revolution
lied the food, the clothing, the intercourse and
the whole life and state of man, we may begin
to form some idea Of the effect that is to be pro-
duced within the next fifty years, and in great
measure in our own generation. upon
four hundred millions Of people, quick
to learn, prone To initiate, wonder
fully Industrious, and starting from starvation
point to stimulate their exertions. The steam
engine is the greatest lifting power in the world
Ii is lifting the masses of millions of mankind
in Europe from utter want to comparative az
iuence. 1t has raised their wages, elevated
their ideas and aspirations, and lifted the hopes
Of the people to where the hopes of kings once
stood. The steam engine has now broken into
the thronged East, and Its power there will soon
be brought to bear, as il has been brought to
bear in Europe.
As in the material so in the moral world Of
the East has . revolution been begun by these
treaties. Christianity has secured IN entrance
there The worldly maxims Of Confucius must
give way to the sublime teachings Of the Sa-
viour. Budda must 60 the way Of the pagan
gods Of the Pantheon. The theories that have
maintained the East stationary for thousands Of
years mus give way to those that, out of the
broken elements OF the pagan and corrupt Ro-
man empire were able to erect living kingdoms
and mould q dying world to progress. The
metaphy steal ingenuity which characterises the
Chinese, and which has hitherto been directed
to the sterile study Of scholastic ques.
tons and the arts Of lying, will now be
brought TO assist In the Development of
truth. The Baconian system will supersede
the books which have commanded the reve-
renee Of the Chinese mind for years All this
will produce its effect also upon the material
change In China, and help 10 inaugurate the
new era in the East.
BUTT not in the East alone that these results
are to flow. Areciprocal effect will be produced
upon us. The sphere Of thought and Of com
merce will lie alike enlarged. AS production IL
stimulated In the East the power OF consump-
ton will increase. Trade there will begin 60
obey the laws which IL has obeyed here; and
with the advantages Of production, consump-
tion. and distributive power, it will flourish and
increase as il has done with US The commerce
oftbe civilized word has increased during the
last haif century In geometrcal proportion TO
the increase or population; and this seeming
wonder is due entirely 10 the increased power
Of distribution. As the facility Of distribution
Tn lv La sptr8 aff ha