Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1858-12-10

for resort TO hostilities against the govern
ment still holding possession of the capital.
| Should they succeed in spbduing the eonsti.
, tional forces, all reasonable hope will then
have expired If a peaceful sets,. menrof our
d ficultles.
On the other hand, should the cons,i.u-
tional party prevail, and their authority be
: established over the republic, there is reason
to hope that they will be animated by less
untriendly spirit. and ay grant that redress
to American citizens which justice REQUIRES.
so far as they may possess the means. But
tor this expectation, should at once have
recommended to Congress TO grant the neces-
sary power to the president, to take posses.
sion of sufficient portion of the remote aud
unsettled territory OF Mexico. to be held in
pledge until injuries shall be redressed and
| cur just demands be satisfied. We have nj
ready exhausted every mIlder means OF oh
tanning justice. IN such case, this remedy
of reprisals is recogn zed by the law of ma.
tons. not only as just 10 itself but as a means
OF preventing actual war.
But there is another view of our re1atiora
with Mexico. arising from the unhappy con-
ditlon OF affairs along orr South western from
tier. which demands immediate action. In
that remote region, where there are but few
white inhabitants, large ban Is of hostile and
predatory Indians roam promscuousiy over
the Mexican Sta es OF Chihuahua ard Seno
ra and our adjoining Territories The local
governments ot these States are oerfectiy
helpless, and are kept in state of constant
alarm by the Indians. They have nor the
power, il Il ey possessed the will, even 70 re-
strain ia~less Mextcans from passing the Dor.
der and committing depredations on CURE
mote settlers A state Of anarchy and yio-
renee prevails throughout that distant border.
ne laws ar dead letter, and l.ie and t,ruD-
efty are wholly Insecure. For this reason die
settiement OF ArZJLal Is arrested, whist !, is
OF great Importance that chain of luhabi
tahts should extend ali along its southern
border, sufficient to' their own protection and
that OF the United States mail uasst,ty tn "a
from California.
We'll founded apprehens ons are now on.
tertsined. that the Indians, and WANDERING
Me1lcahs equally lawiess, may break up the,
important stage and postal communication
recently established oetween our Atlantic and
Pacific possessions. This passes very near To
the Mexican boundary, Throughout the whole
length OF Arizona. l can imagine no posi-.
Die remedy Tor these evils, ana no mode IF
restoring law and order an that remote and
unsettled frontier, but Tor the governmeutof
the United states to assume a ternr,orary
tectorate over the northern portions If nj.
huabua and Sonora, and to estaoi; Sd military
posts within the same; and TINS IS earnestly
recommended to Congress. This proteettsn
may De withdrawn, soon as local ,rnyAro
nnehts snail De Established in these Mexican
otstes, Capable OF performing their duties +.
the llted States, restraining the Iay!ess ami
preserving peace along the border.
l do not doubt that thus measure " -,
viewed In a friendly spirit by the government
and people OF Chihuahua and Sonora. n. =
Will prove equally efieetual for the protection
oi tAeif citiZehs OH that remote and IawEe4s
irohtitf, rs Tor Citizens OF the United States
anu III TINS connection permit me to recall
your attention TO the condition of Arizona
Inc population OF that Territory, numoer,ns
as Is alleged, more than ten thousand sous.
are pfacticaily without government, " tbout
AVE- and without any reg lar administration
of justice. Murder ana othlr crime 49,.
committed with impunity. This state OF thiros
calls l'udiy tor redress: and l, therefore. re-
peat my Recommendation Tor the estabi .shmeat
oi territorial government over Arizona
Ahe poiitlcai condition OF tie narrow 18TH
mus oi central America thIous h which nansit
routes pass, between the Atlantic and Pacific
oceans presents subject of deep interest 10
ali commercial nations. II Is over these tram
Sits That large proportion OF tn trada and
travel between the European and Asiat,c eau-
uments is destined to pass. To the Iln,.d
states those routes are OF lncalculabe Inner
lance, as means OF communication between
theE Atlantic and Pacific Possessions, The
!atter no" extend throughout seyente en- de.
srees OF latitude on the Pacifd coast. emhrs-
eng the important stare OF California and tho
Il urishing territories OF Oregon and WASH
!hs'oh' All commercial II tons, t.ie1eto9e.
nave deep and direct interest that ,hsse
shall be rendered secure from
interruption. Ii an arm OF the sca.-corren
lihg the two oceans, penetrated through Me-
al aqua and COSTA R,ca, II could not be yreten-
yea That these States would have the rlpLt To
arrest Ut fttatd It's navigation, to the injury OF
other nations. The transit by land over tins
narrow lsthmus occupies nearly the same pos.
IL on. 4. Is highway i'll which they them
seiFes have little Interest; when cuu.pared
with the vast interests of the rest OF the
world.
Whilst th'iF rights of sovereignty ought to
oe lespecseo' u Is the duty OF other nations to
require that this important passage shall not
be interrupted, by the civi! wars and reyolu.
tlohary outbreaks, which have so frequently
occurred IN that region. The stakels TOO i'm
por'ant 10 De lett at the mercy OF rival com
troVersie' Inc government OF the United
states expect no more than this, and they wIll
not be satisfied with less. Iuey would rot if
they could derive any advantage from the
nicaragua transit not common to the rest OF
'Ae "oitu' AIS neutrality and protection, for
the com non use OF all nations, Is their only
object. They have no objection that Nicsra-
qua shall demand and receive a fair cum9en-
satlon iron the companies and individuals who
may traverse lac route; but they insist tla. IL
shai never hereafter be closed by an arbitrary
uecfee OF mat government. 1t disputes arise
between 1t and those With whom they nav
nave entered into contracts, these must be ad-
Justeo by some iair tribunal provided for the
purpose, and the route must not be closed
pending the controversy. This is our whole
policy, and Ii cannot tail to be acceptable to
other nations.
AL these difficulties might be avoided if,
consistently with the good faith of n icaragua
the Use OF TINS transit could be thrown open
10 general competitions provided at the same
time Tor the payment OF reasonable rate to
the NIcaraguan government, on passengers
and freight.
In August, 1852, the Accessory Transit
Company made Its hrst interaceanic trip over
the Nlcarasuan route. and continued in sue
cessful operation, with great advantage to the
public, until the 18th OF tetuary, 1856, when
1t was closed, and the grant to this company,
AS well as It's Charter, were summariiy any
arbitrarily revoked by the government of
Pres dent hivas. Previous to this date, how
ever. In 1888, serious disputes concerning the
settlement OF their accounts mad ser between
the company and the government, threatening
the INTERRUPTION OF the route at any moment.
lhese the United States In vain endesvorea to
com ose. III would be useless TO narrate ITO
various proceedings which took place between
me parties, up till the time when the transit
was discontinued. Suffice 1t TO say that since
February, 1856, y LAS remained eiosfd c,e.t