San Andreas independent., 1858-01-02

from cape Comorin to the eternal SHOWS of th,
Iiimaiayas-would compel Mahratta and Ma
hommedan to forget their mutual feuds il
common subJection-and having established {
government far stronger than any ever knewr
IN that country, would carry its victoriou;
arms far to the east of the Burrampooter and
TAR to the west of the Hydaspes-dictate terms
OF peace at the gates of Ava and seat its vas
sails on the throne of Candahar."
tsThe man who first saw that it was possible
to found a European empire on the ruins oithe
Mogul monarchy was Duplex. lie clearly
saw that the greatest force which the princes
of India could bring into the field, would be
no match for small body of men trained in
the discipline, and guided by the tactics of the
West He saw that the natives of India
might, under European commanders, be form
ed into armies such as SAKE or Frederick
would be proud to command. He was perfect
ly aware that the most easy and convenient
way in which an adventurer could exercise
sovereignty in lndia was to govern the mo-
tlons, and speak through the mouth, of some
glittering puppet, digniied with the title OF
Nabob or NiZam"
The vceroys of the court of Delhi were
known as Nabobs; and though really inde-
pendent sorereigns, were nominaly the vas
sails of the Great Mogul. 1t was the plan OF
Duplex to introduce into the affairs of India
the Machiavellian tactics of European politics
and turn the disputes between the Nabobs and
the Mogu to the destruction of the power OF
both. An opportunity favored his designs in
the death of the Nabob of Deccan, one Of the
most powerful viceroys, l748. The govern
ment descended to his son but in the unset
tied condition of the country it was easy to
produce a competitor for the throne, and up
hold his pretensions with some color of right.
Where freebooters had so long been dignified
by the appellations of heroes and conquerors,
there could be no difficulty in raising an army
of Adventures, against the feeble power of a
lawful sovereign. The army was raised and
Duplex effected an alliance with the rebel
plince, by furnishing 400 French soldiers A
battle was fought, in which European valor
and discipline triumphed The old dynasty
was overthrown, and Duplex, through the
Nabob Of his creation ruled in thesDeccan-
He was shortly after, clothed with all power
declared governor of India, from the river
krtzna to Cape Comorin had command OF
the army and secured to himself and his
French troops, all the floating treasure of the
viceroyalty. He was the virtual ruler of 80, :
100000 of souls all Offices and honors were
obtained through him; when one Nabob died
or policy dictated his removal, another puppet
was elevated to the throne; Duplex was the
terror of India-the Great Mogul trembled at
his name.
But the English East India Company, which
to the date of these events, had filled the po-
sition of mere trading establishment al
Madras, and never gave thought to the in
teStine commotons of the country now began
to look with jealous astonishment on the pro-
gress of the ambitious Frenchman toward su-
preme power There was crisis to meet, OF
Louis XIV, through his pro-consul, would
soon usurp the sovereignty of all India, and
blot out the unpretending hopes of the Eng
lish.
A young man named Robert Give, of ar
dent temper, great courage and strong will
who, though he had never held a commission
in the army, been distinguished by any token
regard from his government, or had even the
ordinary auxiliaries of education and fortune
to assist his bold adventure, was destined to
lay the foundation of British rule in India
His first army consisted of 200 Englishmen
and 300 Sepoys (natives disciplined and COM
manded by English oficers.) The first blow
was struck against Arcot, the large and opu-
lent capital of the Carnatic. But the real ob-
ject of the expedition was to raise the siege Of
Trichonopy, where Duplex was endeavoring
to extend his power. Give stormed Arcot, ef-
fected an alliance with the fierce and warlike
Mahrattas, who like the Cossacks with Murat
were dazzled by the courage and ntrepidity OF
the English. At the head of this augmented
ing French. Everywhere his genius crowned
his arms with success. The siege of Trichn-
oply was raised and the governor of the Car
natic fell into the hands of the English. If
success is always applauded by the rabble, so
misfortune generally elicits but slight COM
misseration from the discerning. Duplex was
neglected by his sovereign, who condemned
his policy and furnished him inadequate REIN
/ forcements He battled vigorously, however,
with his slender resources, and faced his wa
ming fortunes with unbending eye. He in
/ trigued with the court of Delhi and struggled
to wake up the imbecile counsellorS of the
Great Mogul. But his star was set. The for
tunes of France and India paled before the
energy Of Give. The East India Company
/ soon acquired all the power and influence the
/ French had possessed, and adopting their
Machiavellan tactics, did not exert it any less
to the substantial ruin of the native rulers.
In 1856, the French incited the Nabob of
! Bengal to active hostilities against the English
/ His troops invested Calcutta, and expelled the
/ agents of the East India Co. from their facto-
ries. One hundred and forty-sx of these
were confined in horrible dungeon called the
'sBlack Hole" This was in the summers SOL
stice. when the heat of Bengal is scarcely to
be endured by European, in the most favor
able places, where the air has the freest cir
culation. The "Black Hole" was almost air