New-York daily tribune., 1858-12-07

nii.ed rrtcr so1. v.t more fayofrb. cscuI-tIuc -
sno rDcqucrty wiki greater coIfie-ce il tLeE cor
| r,c':esF.
IT, Tciif of ls57 IS been 10 operation morl than
eyesr I'D in 0roinaTy tines the eNpeIictco o. that
yCaT wuud toIi IcNibll taia 10 judge Of IS effect
. rtW ,,o- tie ,Yaie = tc county al the I,vercss
f the .Cse,ullelt. I-e con ihuo,ce q hc'r'itl
o,fhep.i'e tuiirg largo p,r,.p. e.. 80 Tine, how.
~" .As ,ue' - q =, operating to great -'ea,
drt, ITO ELsc ItrCl. Cr ~. serious d.iieu..es .
| l.rnrg = satisfactory juirn.nt upon the question.
Ire pIesert estimates lre based upon tic option that
reaction IN the trade lIa business of hc country a,s
/ comneLc,d, and that are gradually but steadily,
/ ietuTriJg TO hegtby ard prosperous cnu1ition.
1htre 10 be coLcurrence H. the yub.lc mind
On tlis tuijcct, 4 We nay judge ron. the general
tone Of publ sentiment. T. es o. the department
furnish siTofg eVljeIce Of It's truth. ou- e1ports for
the ycai euGl tie 3cth june lSs, were s39i6ii i2
/ being o redu'iion from the preceding year OF ol'y
ss3l6..Gl; while tie imp ut, for the came time
>>sl ,6l3l5 being $3.50 9l less t1an tbe year
before 1ni balance in favor OF expors over lnp0rs
Was doubtless appropriated to the payment Of or
foreign debt TINS relieving the cCuBirs, In part. If
! that source of embarrassment. II exhibits large
uorein r On ircrease Of inpor,atons when the ba.-
AID necessities Of the country shall demand it,
Tie rt-toraton Of confidence and reaction VI trade
have already been manifested in tnis r yarj.
BY referring to tire recp from customs at the port
oi N,w.fork for the months o' October and Noycm-
Der, leJt, Tie yer preceding tao TeVulsi0n, tho
rt1- Of l65 the year Of the revu-ion, and the
same months OF he present. year. find that the re-
ccipts Of those t~o months il ls56 were - 242I ia
lSJ, were sos 2l0; and IN ls-6, 80 3siO,SlJ.
lille the county hss recovered entirely from the
dssstoIs Cf the ast year. the increased receipts Of
The present ycoT indicate decided reaction, and the
promise OF certain and speedy return Of prosperous
iipes.
TIE foregoing es'ima.cs contemplate deficiency in
tie OF the Government, which, by the 30th Of
June, 1850, vii amount TO tho sum Of . ,9li5'6.
Provision hould be made by Congress at it's present
sessou 70 supply the deficiency. IL what manner
shall il BE- done a loan for this purpose is not
deemed advisable, IN vew Of the ed iit on already
made to the public debt. revision Of the Iarf Of
1871. ald the imposition Of ADDITIONAL duties is the
only remedy unless Cor gTess sba! take action To-
relieve the Treasury from potion 0f tie expenditures
It is now required to meet.
IL revising the Tariff the same principles should
dect aud control the action Of Congress tia. would
bl coItidered Ia the adoption Of an original act.
do not doern IL proper TO enter into any extended
discussion of the theoretic principles Oh which tarh
Tiey may he briefly stated. Such duties should be
laid viii produce tie required revenue, by imposing
oh the people at large the smaIsct and most equal
brrdeIe.
1, ia obyicus tlat tis IL most elfectualy done by
taxing in preference to others, such articles MT
prodoced in this county; and among articles produced
here those in which the home product bears the least
proportion 10 the quantity imported are tie fttest for
taxation. The reason L. that in taxing articles not
made in the country tie Whole sum taken from the
consumer goes into the 1reaslry, while in the other
class the Isumer pays tho eIlanced value not only
.
home. This as tax is paid not to the Treasury, but
to she Manufacture, thereby rendering such duty
not Only ore burdensone but grossly nnoq lal; TIC
home producer being boIeGtcd az the expense o! the
consumer.
II tbese principles are sound Z, is obvious that no
sI etr'cty for revenue, has ever Jet been enacted
in tie United States.
TIE early legislation of the country contemplated
Other Objects such ,terins our then infaut msnu
faciures ard encouraging the production OF indspen-
liable articles 90 to render country Independent
OF foreign governments in case o. war.
Tie objects which originally led to our system OF di-
f.s have lopg since been attained; but under that
system large interests have grown mp, which have al
ways claimed and received such consideration trom
Congress to prevent the aJanionHeNt Oh tn' ioc"
do no, expect that $ tariG will be now framed on
rigid revenue principles, bit in AL changes IN enot
should be made ct least 10 a,old idrtaer departure
Assumirg that the general principles Of tie present
Tariff act will be adhered to- al sill admit t!at hav-
ing asceIiainej the additional revenue required as ac-
curatey possible, the least increase oi du'y that
will raise the sum i the proper rate t. be adopted
la determining, However, on what articles tue duty
is to be Increased, strong appeal vii doubtless Ice
nsde 20 10 Discriminate a. 20 afford vlet to certain
interests sald 70 be unusually depressed
In period Of general financial distress sucn as we
have not yet entirely passed, each inte1eat IN tIe
county materially feels The want of any aid that woud
relieve its embarrassmen.s and rest IL prosperity
In r. spending to such demand should be taken
not to afford the required reheL at the Expense oi
another interes. equally IN want ei assistance, anu
equally entitled 10 receive It at the hands of the
Government. When a general calamity has par-
aly zcd the hand Of industry and erainped tne en-
2ies Of the people, il is unfortunate tina. al u'n
time when the country IS least able To pear ~, tuo
vat Of the Government should force an incrcase
Of taxation. In yielding to tie necessity Whcu COM
pes the imposition Of tie burden, LET DC done with
that spirit OF justice which regards with equal care ani
and Protection al the varied interests OF the country
IL connection with this branch OF the subject,
would respectfully refer to the view" presented ii my
last annual report to Congress.
Il Is also Il subject Of regret that pubnc necessity
requires revision Of the TariG act of lsJ before
p sufficient time h. elapsed u tost ia legit.mtto
eff cts upon the Iusiress Of the country, well as tne
revenues of tie Government. False Impressions "a 20
its operation mus be carefully guarded against lne
tact that this act went into operation ON the lat
q Juv 1851 aud followed 40 soon by the disastrous
Ievuslon of that year has Induced many persons 20
believe that the one wLs the necessary ceute oi Tue
other The GdyUoHtes OF high protective taIn nave
not failed TO avail themselves of this circumstance 10
press upon the public mind thei peculiar system
Of afoI0ng rc,f 10 distressed peope ~ Increasing
their taxes. Every interest IN the country when
81 hered in the general calamity hss been earnestly
sp called TO- aud no Efforts have been spared to induce
each an al to believe tia. their nisortGnes nave
been produced by the passage Of the lam oI 1904
There IT, however, ore important point IN the argu
uet where the log Of the prOtectousfs i wholly u
fault The revulson was not confined 10 the United
States, OF even % this continent. IL swept over
the world, end felt with equal and perhaps
greater severity IN other ccuptres tBan our OWL
These results have beer too universal to have been
brought about by g reduction Of about " per cent
upon tie rates If duty in the United States being re
ducOn Of about five per cent upon our inportaiios
The argument VI Inc PrCtectlons. L, thai reduction
of our duties stimulates the foreign trade and IN this
instance it. legitimate effect should have been 10 re-
eve The embauassmeL,s Of the countries with whom
We trade by opening larger mske, for their proilo-
ous. They charge that the increased inn oraiion oI
foreign goods into the counryis disastrous to the bus
81. -. gHHF - f.-