The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-05-14
FOREIGN.
THE MAILS OF THE PERSIA.
STATE OF CHINA

hoHS. lou VIII not 1al TO remark the i'm
proved tone OF the authorities at Pekin Lin anc
heylng OF old were also superseded when they fail
ed to prevent the barbarians from crushing into
the Celestial cities; but they were punished for the
failure and nothing but the failures whereas their
successor eh is also chastsed for having piyer
good cause to the 'rushcrs in, and for having con
cealed from the Court of Pekin their just grounds
of complaint.
The satisfaction which this timely paper has pro-
duced here is increased by the further announce
ment that Hwang is the new Viceroy. He was ia.
vorably known to our authorities during the last
war, when he held high office in Fokien and he is
believed to be still friendly to British intercourse
and commerce. / am told, in particular, that our
himself IN that expedition and in the admiration OF
Chusan, gives Hwang a very high character in
deed
Until he assumes the reins of government our
own nomlnee Pehkwei, strange to say, has been
appointed from Pekin-notwithstanding his share
In the common dsaster-to act in his place. You
must not suppose that this is more than an accident
al coincidence, however. When the Emperor's
vermlon pencil was tracing the fiat it was only
known at Pekin that Canton had fallen. The cap
ture OF eh and the questionable elevation of Pehk
wei in his place, and other eats of the barbarian
conquerors came LATER and had not as yet been re-
ported at the Court
Pehkwei himselfis generally believed to be plav
ing deep and treacherous game; perhaps it is not
so, but simply that he ''funks responsibility" as
great commanders in own service sometimes do.
LIS take measures Tor compelling the
''braves to quit their camp under the White Cloud
Mountains (abOut 10 miles distant from Canton J
may be as well accounted tor in the one way as in
the other 1t is an unpleasant circumstance of the
case that the said braves give out that they mean
to remain stationary in their camp until blow has
been struck within Canton; while there are some
thousands of Tartar soldiers within Canton, doing
exactly what they please, and freed altogether from
barbarian surveillance 1t is scarcely less unpleas-
ant to reflect that onethrd of the force we have to
nf
neers.
Confidence at Canton, as in the breast of Chath-
am, appears to be plant of very slow growth.
There is no trade there except in provisions and
"curosties; the latter, of course, for the amuse-
ment of the foreigners alone. Servants are not to
be had at all. Dstrust of the intentions of the
Chinese officials and of the power to protect is the
cause. In the last Government Gazette there is the
translation of a fresh proclamation from Pehkwei
on the subject obtained by the importantly of the
allied commissioners He renews his former assur-
ances OF the permancnce of the present good under
standing, and warns the people not to listen to the
lies of "vagabonds." 1t will do little good so long
as the "braves' remain in their castro statira
As you will perceive by the Shanghai newspaper
North China Herold,) the preliminary step ofdeiiv-
ering dispatches to the Emperor has been taken by
the Earl of Elgin and Baron Gros. The readiness
of the authorities at Foo ChowFoo to receive and
forward these communications is regarded here
as good omen for the substantial success of the
mission; but everybody laments that the tricky
American and the grasping Russ should have so
far prevailed over the good and simple natures of
England and France to secure their disinterested
advlces the same opportunity of dispatch for
those of the two Powers, which have not only been
helped by the Cabinets of Washington and st. Pc
terSburg, in the war which opened the cOmmunca-
ton, but have found their chief impedment to a
satisfactory adjustment with China in the peddling
policy of the and the gigantic ambition of the
other.
Another mistake has been notced-one of form ;
is shadow ha intnr-
prefer on the occasion a Mr.. Law, of the Eng
lish diplomatic service, who has for some time past
been allowed also to hold, under the Tavatai of
Shanghai the post of Inspector of Customs-if that
be the correct term for a post the functions OF
which consist in taking that English traders do
not detraud the Emperors revenue of the duties i'm
posed by treaty. This gentleman, consequently,
in the position of subordinate to those Chinese
Mandarins who assisted at the interview, and it is
probable that under that impression he acted when
he committed the great mistake of returning their
visiting cards to them when they came to pay their
respects to the English officials 1t was neverthe-
less, very great mistake for it is never DONE ex-
cept when the visitor of superior rank to the per-
son visited.
Lord Elgin, however, is by this time himself at
Shanghai, and there will soon be an end to all
speculation upon the fortunes of his embassy. On
his way he has visited Swatow, the scene and mart
OF the cooe trade; and hear that his Excellency,
having verified all that he had learned while here
as to that accursed traffic. will take instant steps
has been already made at Shanghai at the instance
of the Chinese authorities. An English merchant
has been convicted before our Consul of the minor
offence OF breach OF treaty in promoting emigration
contrary to the laws of the Empire, and he has
been fined 200 dollars But the Swatow trade is of
a very different kind from that of Shanghai-it is
slave trading in fact.
An ordinance, in draught, was published here a
few days ago for preventing very familiar eva
sion Of the Chinese Passenger Act. The act only
extends to ships under foreign flag when clearing
out from British Port. Foreigners, and, | regret
to add British subjects too resort to this dodge
They don't let their vessels carry the British flag
come into this port at all. but keep them at Ma
Gao, at Swatow, at Cumsing- -Maon, at Lye-MoOn, at
Bantao, or where you will in the immediate neigh
borhood of Hong Kong, and yet from Hong Kong
they manage their equipments and cearances as
comfortably and easily as if they were within these
waters. To meet this state of things the Draught
Ordinance provides that ships in tall shall be
deemed to be within the act provided their owners
charterers, or agents for the royage are resident
carry on business at Hong Kong. The New Eng
land merchants of this colony furious and de-
clare 'ther consciences also bearing witness, and
their thoughts the meanwhile accusing one anoth-
er, that this ordinance must be levelled at them;
and they threaten if it passes to ego for the slave
trade right out.
VICTORIA AT ALDERSHOTT.
On the 23d her Majesty fairly opened the mill
tary season at Aldershott with parade inspection
of all the troops in camp. The occasion was marked
accompany these displays, viz: magnificent wealth
er, intense heat clouds of dust, and crowds of dis
appointed sightseers. Precisely at ii o'clock her
Majesty came upon the field. As the royal party
came in view, all the troops stood at 'attention"
and when her Majesty had approached sufficiently
near, the arms of the whole were present
ed at the salute, and the colors lowered with one
simultaneous movement that was most impos-
ing. Her Majesty, who mounted a
dark chestnut charger, and wore a scarlet
jacket and generals plume of red and white
feathers in her riding hat then proceeded to inspect
the force, riding slowly along the whole extended
front. On her right and left rode General Knollys
and the Prince Consort and brilliant staff of off
GERS, including the Quarter Master and Adiutant
General, followed her Majesty and the open pony
carriage, in which the little Prince Arthur, in
Highland costume. As soon as the royal party had
traversed the entire line-whch occupied them
more than half an hour-her Majesty returned to
the side of the valley and witnessed the marching
past of the whole force. Among the militia the
marching of the Limerick and Kerry Regiments
with those of the West York and South Downs was
most praised.
SIR JAMES BROOKE AND BORNEO.
A natural result of the entertainment recently
given to Sir James Brooke in Manchester and of
the sentiments expressed by the speakers that oc
casion has been that it has been determined to pre-
sent petition, urging Parliament to make arrange
ments with Sir James Brooke for the cession of his
rights in Sarawak, and for the security of British
ascendancy in that territory. The following petit
ton mas already peen signed py tne Mayor OF Man.
chester, and by many of the leading merchants and
manufacturers of that city:
To the Honorable the Commons of the United KING
dom of Great Britain and Ireland in Parliament
assembled.
The humble petition of the undersigned Bankers,
Merchants, Manufacturers, and others of the City
of Manchester and neighborhood:
Sheweth-That your petitioners are deerly in
terested in the development of the foreign trade of
this country.
That it is essential condition to the progress of
this trade that public faith should be observed and
enforced on all sides.
That, in seeking fresh fields for our commerce
and opening out new markets for our manufactures.
the safety of the lives and properties of the British
subjects concerned must be secured, and their
port of the Home Government
That the outlying dependencies of the present
East India Company in the India and China seas
are of the first Importance to British commerce.