The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-04-28

protecserate for ASAs-> r-r-, 49,
all come here for prC 1eotion and the maturing
of their plans for future revolutionary move
menta The best thing this oSs'ntry could DO
would be to take Mexico entirely undS her csie ;
get bold of the emartest Of her leaders, and In
struot him In the mode Of governing his swn
country.
T'hs Rxvolusaon In PesSs--Terrable Batt1o and
De fess M tho Revoautionists.
The latest ttiiigence from the Peruvian
revolution lie that q grand battle had been
fought at Arequipa, between the government
forces Of Gen. Castillo, the President, and the
troops Of the Revolutionary leader, Vivanco, In
which four thousand men were killed on both
sides. For some time Peru, like Mexico and
many of the South American States, has been
the theatre of a series Of email engagements be-
tween the revolutionists Of one kind or another
and the government troops, in which few hun
dred bave fallen. Revolution succeeded revo-
luton, and the defeated Presidents have In many
instances been pensioned of. aud despatched
either to Europe or the United States, to amuse
themselves for awhile. This is but an incentive
to fresh outbreaks on the part Of ambitious,
covetous or restleee men. But an engagement
80 disastrous in it's results as this one at Are
quipa, though it may be deplored in one sense,
in another may be welcomed as good thing
for the country. A few such terrible battles as
that would soon disgust the people with the
petty quarrels OF the leaders, and probably put
an end to revolution. The storming of Arequi-
pa is represented as fierce and sanguinary en-
counter. OF the six hundred men defending
the city only forty were alive at the close of the
two days Hghting and it Is said that u stream
of blood flowed down the barricades for Elk
hours after the battle was over. This is kind
Of action in which Peruvians have little expe-
riepce.
The revolutionary chief Vivanco had been
for months within tho walls of Areqnipa, and
President Castillo watching bin outside. On
the 2lst Of February, Vivanco made diver
sion by sea. sending q frigate down to africa
and ssel'ing the town furiously for some days,
until, on the 26th, Tscna, the port ut the en-
trance to africa, surrendered, and the tswn was
taken BY storm. Since then both armies re-
NAMED face TO face at Arequipa without any
important engagement taking place until the
9TH and 8th Of Magch, when Castillo stcrmed
and captured the city. Vivaaeo has fed into
Bolivia, and it wa exported that the victorious
6astilla would carry TIE war into that republic
after him. probably with view TO put one Of
Iis partizans CordOva or BelzuD at the head
'f the government; for Os.tilla besrs no coed
Jill to the present ruler OF Bolivia, DIR.
mares. The frigates at Arequipa surren-
'ered at once tc the government on she flight OF |
1wanco. So for the end OF the revolution |
Gems near OF hand
All this trouble, whicL hes been desOlating I
'ru, hinges mainly on hcproats aad dues of |
Ls gusno trade-the spoiis Of that country |
ceh leader aiming to give the agency for tue |
Gle Of this merchandise to- his OWE fay onte.
I'd pocket the e,a;d pro q,lo. Under Castillo the
gents for the sale Of grsno in tbs United !
states were Barreda & Brother; hut when /
1,vanco claimed supreme command, ~ Issued
! decree making the expectation Of guano
C, this country free. He sent.a frigate
o the Chincha Islands few months
go to control the trade there. TE.s article
las boon leading feature in AL the ate Peru
ian revolutions. When Technique VIE filibus-
ering againt the government, in January last
e made contract with Commodore, Wander
lit and others TO furnish him the stcsursh,p
,ortes for 100000 sad certain number of |
ons Of guano. Still later Castillo seized two !
american vessels-the Lizzie Thompson and /
he Geo-gina-and. some moro OF other ma
ions. aad still holds thera ut Callao, for an al
eyed Infringement. Of the regulations govern
ng the guano trade. II appeared that they /
oade1 at Psbellion de Plea, contrary TO a do
rec which declares that vessels taking IN
yuano for foreign ports must lead at the Chin
Tho Islands.
And II Is chiefly in connection with the trade |
In guano that this country and Europe have |
any interest in the social condition Of Peru. IL |
Is Of some Importance that there should he as |
few distractions as possible in the way Of trade
In this valuable commodity. II is 10 be hoped |
that the late bloody affair at Arcquipa, which |
seems to have made President Castillo com
plete master Of the situation, viii bring peace
10 unfortunate Peru for q few years of least.
THr CAss- HERRAS TREATY WIN NEw GR,SA-
DA NOT RATIr1ED-A NEW TREATY NEEnED.-It
will be perceived by our Aspinwall correspcn-
dcnce that the report, published O week or two
ago, Of tic ratification Of the Cas- Hcrran
treaty with New Granada was premature