, 1858-08-06

have given 10 10 tonrtcenI wears 81 hlthtnl
service. There l have al my early friends;
there, many Of the warmest friends Of ny
manhood now arc, and thank heaven that
through all the controversies we have had
there in reference TO affairs in those terri
tories, those men are still my friends They
are ever ready to do their duty but during
the winter Of 1855 and 1856 the frontier
east Of the Cascade Mountainsw was prOtoc-
ted by the volunteers, while the regulars
we're in garrison. This is a fact which
should stand out, and which / have brought
out on this occasion. ..r... =.
Me. Chairman, objection has been made
TO the allowance, by the commissioners, OF
two dollars a day for each enlisted man,
and two dollars q day for each horse, And
! vet I have here an oficial document from
line ouartermaster General showing that
I no laboring man, no packer, no tcamster
was employed in the regular army in these
Territories during the Indian war for less
than sixty dollars per month, and that their
pay ranged from that up to 800 per month.
| / End that for pack mules they have inva-
riably paid three dollars day. IT. then,
the regular servics is obliged to go into ex-
penses like these 10 that country, paying on
an average two dollars and fifty cents a
day for common hands, and paying It in
cash, why should you object TO the volun-
teers being paid two dollars a day, who
have already waited two years for payment
II the regular service has paid for pack
mules three dollars day, why should You
object to pay two dollars day for, the hor-
ses used BY the volunteersg Sir, these are
are pregnant facts
But there Is another topic which / wish
to dwell upon for moment, and that is the
employment Of troops for short intervals
| desire to correct an erroneous impression
made BY reports, which have emanated from
the a1jntant Generals office. In these re-
ports the expenses Of volunteers or MALTA
who served simply for three months OF
more) dre compared with the expenses Of
regular establishments, where expenses for
recruiting and discharging are distributed,
over the entire period Of enlistment Of five
years. And in these same reports, also,
the expenses Of our volunteer service in
those two Territories are compared with
the expenses Of regiment of infantry sim
ply in depot, having no expenses whatever
10 the way Of movement Of troops.
Now there are certain large contingent
expenses incident to raising troops, bring
ing them into the field, and discharging
them. In militia or volunteer service it is
distributed over a period Of FIVE or six
months. Ia the regular service, over q
period Of FIVE years. To institute com
parison, therefore, between the expenses Of
the regular and volunteer service for Pc
'riod ofthree or six months, these expenses
should be thrown out altogether, or the
whole of it Ia each case be Included for the
equal period of comparison; otherwise a
very heavy charge will be made upon the
volunteer service and held up against them
to their disparagement, when the expense
is not because tile troops are volunteers or
militia, bat because they are Troops raised
for short intervdls Of tims y -
SO II Is very unjust to compare the ex-
penses Of our volunteers With the expenses
Of infantry in depot. The proper comparl-
son is between the expenses Of our foot and
horse in the field, ia these Territories, with
the expenses Of the foot and horse Of the
regular service in the field in those Terri
tories. i'' 's.'
But this is not all IT, in an emergency
you do not resort to volunteers, what viii
you dol You must institute new mill
tary system, increase your army largely
aud have III depot surplus troops for ans
emergency which may arise. And, there
fore, the true and only just comparison o.
expense is comparison of the expense,
which we incur under our military system
relying upon the militia and volunteers o
the country 10 case Of emergency, and o
the only system that can take its place, viz
that Of d large standing army, 'it9.h 20
Suppose that in our Indian dificuItie.
you had this large standing army, aud tba
there had been a surplus Of troops at homt
10 send out there. When you take tht
cost Of transportation, the cost Of recruit
ing. the cost Of getting them to the field o
actioh-you would find in the case suppos
ed that there would have been an expense
Of two or three hundred dollars o man, al
the very point where the expenses OF thC
4 fOiuuNtclS COntuouCet Auu tu0n Wlen Ln(
, emergency was over you would have tht
Z cost Of sending them home again. You
!, gentlemen can compute the cost for your
selves. ask again-if you did not hay,
the volunteer service, what would you do
You must have a standing army largr
enough for any emergency, doing nothing
nine years out of ten. But such Statements
and comparisons as these, the only just anC
proper ones, are not made in these reports
aud yet the mere statement of it will con
vince the mind that they are just and soont
statements and comparisons If you tax,
the view I have presented, it will be fount
that in our territories, the expenses of the
volunteers per man is much less than the
expenses of regulars, if sent from the State,
there and sent back, as must necessarily
have been the case had you been obliged
to rely upon regulars alone. Our mean,
Of transportation were more economical
We used ox-trains instead Of mule.t trains
and we carried fifty Der cent more freiyhi