New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-08-27
Ntm1lork daily Gribnare
INDUSTRIAL REFORH....vi.
ORgANIZArIOy OF AGRICULTuRl

PLAN or GREAT FARM, MANAGED on JOINT
STOCK PRINCIPLES, AND WORKED BY MA-
CHINERY ON 4 VAST SCALE.
To he EI.t0, Of Ths v. y. Tribune
SIR: The most difficult problem, psrhsps connected
vi h our enterprise is the Sye,g Of Ipdns'ra! Rea-
TONS or the Tes.icrs 10 exist be:Feen the members IL
prosecuting he various brsuchss Of Labor.
Two ends are to lie tanned.
IRE fire. lie Efficient action AID order in tbe proseoa-
ton Of InausIy. The individual must be prompt ami
active, executing properly s1d with pcec..on any
b,arch CT detail Of work which be undertakes. Tie
orgsnz stion must produce discipline, devotion 70 the
collective interests, method, order, sni rsfpcc. for
estsblshei rules ard regulations.
The second is personal liberty and independence.
There must be arbitrary control or dctston by IN
diyicuels but obedience only TO those Laws which
the members have established, and which they VIOLIN
tarly accept.
Thus LIBERIY and OnDEH must be maintained ard
while system and efiicIeIcy-vhich sre the guaranty
Of collective success-eXst On tie ons hand, per-, orsi
freedom ard the Cd oymelt Of equal nights, lich s-e
the susrsDty Of ju.tce for the individual mast exist
Cd the other.
This COMPUTATION o. L erty .nd Order o. individual
independence and methodics seton IN the prosecution
OF Industry is possibe only with scientific Organize
ton Of Lsboi-an organization dieiing from anything
which has yet been established by men,
-Four di uDct Systems Of Labor or rather four
modes Of pro:ecuiI Industry have existed Up to the
present time on e6rtn. They are:
]. The system Of csstes =. Slavery 8. Serftom
or Feudsl bondage. 4. The hireling system labor
for wsees UnCer the second and third sys.s ma, the
incentives 10 labor are the IAsH; under TIE first aud
fourth WANT ard ,TARyArIoS, or the fear Of them.
Thus material m0ttres only AMI Of the lowest order,
ave been brought TO besr, as general rule to force
the .sses to work and the productive labor of the
world the creation Of its wealth, nave been aud are
effected by the grosses mseiIs motives-by the lssh
snd by want. radical reform must be effected in
this great branch Of humsn affairs. OfgsnlAsti1 IN
of Industry must be discovered sua established, 10
which noble ircsr tves will be employed and by
means of which men will be induced - work, from
spiritual motives, instead Of those low AID miserla
ones which now force them to toll.
Among the incentives of true Industrial Ofgani-
z.tioD will mention the following
/. Elegance CT tools, implements and workshops,
dresses, &c.
Q Labor prosecuted with friends and congenisl co
panous.
3: Proper alterations Of labor, so as to prevent
mcLototy and disgust.
4. Minute division of labor, allowing each inii.
v6ua to boose the psrt for which he has taste and
capacity and freeing him from the necessity of at
iendmg 70 ell the branches OF work.
j. Equitable division of profits, securing to every
person, man, woman ard child, share of the general
product according to the labor capital and talent OF
each.
6 Reward Of merit ana services by honorable dis
tinctons, opening wide field TO ambition and giving
O. corse quence q dignity TO industrial pursuits.
- The free choice of occupations, and realiz stion
of practical Liberty and Justice IN all departments OF
Industry.
exercise Of Industry they will invest il with CHARM
which will render IL ATTRACTIVE men will eng .gs IN
it voluntarily and from choice, and with as much ar
dor as II ey now exnibit repugnance.
Attractive Industry is the great end to be attained;
il will secure to Nah HEALTH and WEALTH, and furnish
the bass of progress and improvement IN al systems
of Society. Unless Labor Gao be dignited and rem.
deIed attractive, cur enterprise viii be failure The
j.. l,fa ffl. fAr
that of the rich in present Society, who can either
lead life of idle ease, who are interested 10 their
purauits.
We will row explain briefly the method Of In,
Sustria Organic alton wa.ch We propose it " taat OF
Nature; we take her ir our guide. Natures nle..""
Of organization lie by Groups aud Series 81 Groups;
all her Kingdoms are organized in Series of Groups
with c.nters and wings, calling out ambition, emua-
ton, corporate enthusiasm and friendly aiiiances'
1t is this system which We would apply TO the Or
ganzation Of Labor. Each branch Of work would bs
prose cuted by Group, composed OF persons united
bom taste for the occupation, aod from affn.y OF
che racter. The msmbers OF the Group would divide
the work among themselves, choose their officers lay
dow rules ana regulations for their government, and
MAJ a5e their affairs free from dictaton or control.
Thus Group is a little corporation or company OF
persons, engaged voluntarily and from choice in the
exercise Of some spe,si department OF Industry, Art
or Science pr scouting i their own account, aud
perfectly free in their operations.
A Series is composed OF several Groups, as Group
is comp oeed OF several individuals number of
Groups, occupied witt It different parts Of branch
o. Industry, and regularly organized would constitute
Series.
Ssries will exercise the u hole Of brs h of H.
dusry, ss the Groups. the parts OF IT, i,r exinpe,
five varieties Of the Horse bred on the domain,
there will be Coup occupied With esch variety, and
the FIVE Groups united will form the Series watch will
have charge Of the whole Species and constit ate the
Series of horsebreeders. The same system will be ap
piled to the cultivation of the varieties OF any
species in the animal ard vegetable kingdoms. Tnis
is the 81 stem of Natures Sores Of GroRPsg Vege-
tables, and Series Of Groups Of CuHirGt9rs."
In branch of manufactures, the various parts or
divisions would be prosecuted by as msoy Groups,
and the whole by a Ssries: In branches Of
agriculture in which vsretiee are not cul-
tvated or are of secondary importance, like
wheat growing, for example, the Groups would
be formed according 10 functions; there would be
Groups Of plowmen, Of respers thresbsrs tesmsers,
and mschniss. The Groups in each of these depart
ments would fern Series: the Groups OF plowmen.
SariAs of plowmen the Groups of respeTs SAriAS
of reapers, &c. ThAy -e-is III GIL tae ploNing and
Ieapng Of the great Farm. .
There would be emulation between Groups cult
vating or breeding varieties of vegetables or aoimas
nearly alike so as 10 admit of rival pretensons as to
superior excellence ard there would be friendly ALI
snces between Groups occupied with varieties inst
were Unlike and did not sdmit of comparisons q. TO
superiority, and, as consequence, Of rivalry. This
balance OF emulstion--of competition on the one
hand and Of alliance OF lesgue the otherequiva.
lent the principle Of dissonance and accord, OF moi
yiduality and corporate scton-would give interest
ard zeal to industrial occvpstions that would aid
powerfully in rendering them attractive.
The Series would have their superior officers direct
ing general operations. An Industrial C0nEci, COM
posed of the most experienced members would act a.
a consulting body, and give advice as to the manage
mept Of the whole Farm. II would lend the aid OF IL.
experience, but would not possess the power Of
trolling the Ssries or Of debating to them Whist they
should DO.
Every person would belong to several Groups and
take part 10 as many different occupations, uting
some detail in the works in which he was engaged.
This would lead to the formation of friendly ties