Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1858-12-11

r kansas WIZ glide into hs Union without the slightest In
This excellent provision, which Congress have ap-
piled 70 Kansas ought to be extended and rendered
applicable to al Territories which may hereafter
seek admission into the Union.
While Congress possesses the 1ndoubted power Of
admitting new State into the Union, however
small may be the number Of its inhabitants, yet
this power ought not in ny opinion, te be exercised
before the population shall amount to the ratio re-
quired By the act for the admission Of Kansas had
/ this been previously the rule the country would
have escaped ell the evils and misfortunes TO which
it has been exposed By the Kansas question
OF it would be unjust to give this rule re-
irrespective application and exclude State which,
acting upon the past practice Of the Government has
already formed its constitution elected its Legsa-
ture and other officers, and is now prepared to en-
ter the Union.
The rule ought to be adopted, whether We con-
slider its bearing the people Of the Territories OF
upon the people Of the existing States. Many OF the
serious dissensons which have prevailed In Congress
aud throughout the country would have been avoided
had this rule been established at an earlier period Of
the Government
Immediately upon the formation Of q new Terri
tory people from different States and from foreign
countries rush into it for the laudable purpose OF
improving their condition Their first duty TO them
selves IS 10 open and cultivate FARMS to construct
roads, to establish schools to erect places OF re
gious worship and to devote their energies general
" TO reclaim the wilderness and to lay the founda-
tons Of 8 aourishng and prosperous common
wealth. If, IN this incpient condition. with pep
ulaiiJn Of few thousand, they should prematurely
the Union they oppressed By the burden or
State taxation and the necessary for the I'M
provement Of the Territory and the advancement Of
their own interests lhus diverted 10 very differ
ent purposes.
The Federal Government has ever been liberal
parent TO the Territories and generous contributor
to the useful enterprises Of the early settlers. It
has paid the expenses of their governments and leg
slative assemblies out Of the treasury, and
thus relieved them from heavy charge. Under
these circumstances nothing can be better calculated
to retard their material progress than TO divert them
from their useful employments, by premaurely ex~
citing angry political contests among themselves for
the benefit of aspiring leaders. Ii is surely hard
ship for embryo Governors, Senators, and members
Of Congress TO wait until the number OF inhabitants
shall equal those of single Congressional district
They surely ought not to be permitted TO rush intn
the Union with population less than Ouehslf Of
several Of the large counties in the int Of some
Of the States. This was the cond BOZ Of Kspsas
when it made application to be admitted under the
Topeka constitution. Besides it requires some lime
10 render the mass Of populs ion Collected new
Territory ct all homogeneous, an 20 unite hem on
any thing like fixed policy. EstA lish the rule,
and al viii lock forward toit an govera themselves
accordingly.
But Justice to the people o The several States
requires that this rule should be tsbished by Con-
gress Each State is entitled TO two Senators and
ct least one Representative in Congress. Should
the people Of the States fail to elect Vice President
the power deyOlves upon the Senate to select this
officer from the two highest candidates on the list
In case of the death Of the President, the Vice Pres
ident thus elected by the Senate becomes President
Of the United States. On all questions of legisla-
ton the Senators from the smallest States Of the
Union have an equal vote with those from the lar
gest. The may be said in regard to the ratii-
cation Of treaties and of Executive appointments.
LII at
conforms in principle with the character Of Gov
eminent instituted by sovereign States. presume
no American citizen would desire the slightest
change in the arrangement. Still, is it not unjust
and unequal to the existing States TO invest some
forty or fty thousand people collected in Terrific
~ with the attributes Of sovereignty and place them
on an equal footing with Virginia and New FORK IN
the Senate of the United States sL
For these reasons L earnestly recommend the
passage Of general act, which shall provide that,
upon the application Of Territorial Legislature de-
oiaring their belief that tine Territory contains
number Of inhabitants which, if in a State, would
entitle them TO elect member of Congress, 1t shall
be the duty Of the President to cause census OF
the inhabitants to be taken, and If found sufficient,
! then by the terms of this act, to authorize them
to proceed sin their own way" to frame State Con-
stitutiOn preparatory to admission into the Union.
l also recommend that appropriation may be
1 made to enable the President to take 3 census OF
the people Of Kansas
/ The present COutuLloA OF lhe lbIIAtOAf VI NAdhs
when eontrasted with what it one year ago, IS
subiect for congratulaion. 1t then in state OF
| omen rebellion and cost what it might, the char
acter Of the Government required that this rebellion
should be suppressed and the MOrmOns compelled to
| Weld obedience to the Constitution and the laws In
order to accomplish the object, as informed you IN
my last annual message appointed a new Gov
! ernor instead of Brigham Young, and other Federal
officers to take the place of those Who consulting
their personal safety had fOundit necessary to with
draw from the Territory. To protect the civil ON
GERS and 10 aid them as posse eOmtatus in the exc
cution of the laws in case of need ordered de-
taehment Of the army TO accompany tbem to Utah
The necessity for adopting these measures is nov
/ demonstrated.
On the 18th of September, 1857, Gov. Young
issued his proclamation, IN the style of an indepen
dent sovereign announcing his purpose to resist by
force of arms the entry Of the United States troops,
into our own Territory of Utah. BY this he re-
auired all the forces in the Territory to "hod them
/ selves in readiness to marck at moments notice
to repe any and all such invasion" and establish
ed martial law from its date throughout the Terri
torv. These proved to be no idle threats. Forts
Bridger and Supply were vacated and burnt down
BY the MormOns to deprive our troops OF shelter
after their long and fatguing march. Orders were
issued by Daniel H. Wells, styling himself Lieu
tenant General NauvOO Legion" to stampede the
animals of the United States troops their march,
to set fire their trains to burn the grass and the
, whole country before them ana on their hanks, 70
keep them from sleeping by night surprises, and
to blockade the road by telling trees and destroy
ing the fords of rivers, &c.
These orders were promptly and effectually obey
ed On the 4th of October 1857, the MormOns
captured and burnt on Green three of our supply
trains, consisting of seventy-ve wagons loadedwith
provisions and tents for the army, and carried away
several hundred animals. This diminished the sup
plv of provisions so materially that General John
ston was obliged to reduce the ration, and even with
this precautiOn there only sufficient left to sub
sist the troops until the first of June
Our little army behaved admirably in their en-
campment at Fort Bridger under these trying Pri-
yati0ns In the midst of the mountains, in drea-
nv, unsettled and inhospitable region, more than
thousand miles from home, they passed the severe
and Indictment winter without murmur. They
looked forward with confidence for their relief from
their country in due season, and in this they were
not disappointed
The Secretary of War employed all his energies
TO forward them the necessary supplies and TO mus
ter and send such military force to Utah as would
render resistance on the part ofthe Mormons hope
less and thus terminate the without ehuslon OF
blood In his efforts be was efficiently sustained by
Congress. They granted appropriations sufficient
TO cover the deficiency thus necessarily created, and
also provided for raising two regiments OF volunteers
or the purpose of queung disturbances IN The ter
ritory Of Utah. for the protection and supply OF emil
grant trains and the suppression of Indian hostili
ties on the frontiers" Happily there was no occa
sion to call these regiments into service II there
bo5 aa ebonld have felt serious emil arTassment In