The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1858-12-11
productions of the two countries, and spec.

A large quantity OF American far is
consumed in Brazil, whilst more than reble
the amount in value Of Brazilian coffe is
consumed in the United States. Whilst
this is the case, heavy duty has bee, lev.
led, until very recensly, upon the im,orta-
tons al Amerinan flour into Brazil. / am
gratified. however, to be able to inform you
that in September last this has been rduc-
ed from 1892 to about forty nine crn,. per
barrel. and the duties on other ar;icls of
our production has been diminished in near
iy the same proportion.
regrc; to state that the govsrnms1t Of
Brazil still continues to an export ds,y of
abcat / per cent, on coffee, notwithtsnd.
ing this article is admitted free from div in
.se United States. This is heavy daarce
upon the consumers of ceffee in ourcoun.
try, as we purchase half Of the entire sur
plus crop OF that srticle raised in Brill
Cur minister, under instructions, will reite-
rate his efforts to have this export duv re-
moved and it is hoped that the enlightened
government Of the Emperor will ado,t this
wise, just, and equal policy In that event,
there is coed reason to believe that the
commerce between the two countries will
greatly increase, much to the advantage Of
both.
The claims Of our citizens against the
government Of Brazil are not, in The aegre-
gate, Of very large amount; but some Of
these rest upon plain principles Of Justice
and their settemsnts ought not to be longer
delayed, \ renewed and earnest, ard
trust a successful efior, vii! es made by
our Minister 10 procure their final adjust
ment.
On the ID Of June last, Congress passed
joint resolution authorizing the President
'to adopt such measures and use such force
as, in his judgement, may be rscessa~y ard
advisable for the purpose Of adj listing the
difference between the United States and
the republic of Paraguay, in connection
with the attack on the United States steam.
er Water Witch, and with other measures
referred 10" IN his annual message. And
on the 9th July following. they made an
appropriation 10. deiray the expenses and
compensatieu Of a comm! ssiensr to that re-
public, should he President deem j, proper
to make such An appointment.
lie compliance with thee eDactnents
have appointed commissioner, who mas
proceeded 20 psrsguay, with full powers
aad and instruct oas TO settle these j feren-
Ces in az sluicsb'e and peaceful naner, il
this be prsctIcsa bic. HIS expsr.elc. and dis
crstion Justify tn. hop. tha, he may prove
successful in convincing the pa-aSLayaa
government that It Is due both TO honor
and justice that they should voluntarily and
promptly make sioneInent for the wrong.
which they have committed against the
United States, AID indemnify ctr injured
citizens whom they hevs ta.Cia.y ieSpoi.- t
o: their property.
Should eur coramiss oncfs prove ursGc.
cys8fui, after nce,e and earnest effort %
accomplish the object OF his m,ssor, then
TO y. ernative vii. remain bat the emf 10y
nlent 0. force to ettsn Just satisfaction
froIa Paraguay. Ia view oil this contingent
cy, the Secretary Of the Navy, under NY d.
rection. has fitted ont and despatched a ia
val force, 10 rendezvous near BqenoS Ayrss.
which, II Is believed. viii prove sufficIeE, for
tie occasion. Is 10 !Ey earnest desire, how
ever that it nay CT be found necessary 70
resor. TO this last alternative.
" men Congress in Dcce1 Der asst the
business OF the country hsd sst been crush
ell oy one OF these periodical re'Llslons
which are tae inevitable consequence OF eur
Unscund and eN;rsSasaat system Of bank
credits and Inflated currency. With all the
element. OF national wealth in abundance.
our manufacturers were suSI enued, our use
full public and private enterprises we're ar
rested, aHd thousands o! laborers were de
pTivea OF employment: and reduced TO want.
Universe, distress prevailed among the com
nercial, manufacturing eHd mechanical
c'asses. Inis revision was felt the moro
severely in the United States because SINH
lar causes had pr 5ducsd he Ike dep.orable
etf'ec,- Throughout the commercial nations
Of Ear7yr All were experiencing sad re-
verses at the same moment. Our naauisc-
turers everywhere suffered severely, not be
-f - Il in he #
duties on Imports, bat because there vas no
demand at any price for their productions.
The people were obliged TO restrict them
selves in Their purchases to articles of prime
necessity. In tie general prostra,ioH OF
business the iron manufacturers in different
States probably suffered more than any 9TH
er class, and much des,itution was the int
vitable consequence among the great NUN
Der OF worLmen no had been employed in
this useful branch of our industry. Teere
could be no supply where there was no de
nland. The present al example, there
could bs no demand for railroad iron after
our magnificent system of railroads. extend
ing its benefits TO cveVy portion of the
Union, had been brought TO dead pouse.-
Tue SANE consequences have resulted fic.n
similar causes to many other branches of
useful manufactures. II is sell evident that
where there is no ability 20 purchase manu-
featured articles these cannot be sold, and
consequently must cease TO be produced.
No government, and especially a govern
meat Of such limited powers that Of the
United S...-.-s. could have prevented the
lat. revulsicr. The whole commercial
world seemed for years to have heeH rush
ing to this catastrophe. Tie SANE ru!nG"s
consequences would have followed IN the
United States, whether the duties upon for
aign imports had remained as they we're un-
der the tariff Of 1916, or had been raised to
much higher standard. The tariff OF So
had no agency in the result. Tho General
causes existing throughout the werlS, could
not have been controlled by the legislation
of any particular country.
The periodical reyuls;ons which have eX-
listed in our past history must continue to
return at intervals so long as our present
uHbeunded system ct bank credits shall pre-
vail. They will however probably be the
less severe in future: because it is not to be
expected, at least for many years to come,
that the commercial nations Of Europe with
whose interests our own are 80 materially il
yolved, Will expose themselves 10 simil.r
calamitss. But this subject vas treated so
much at large in my las, annual message
that | shsl! not now pursue i. further.
Still, | respectfully rcnsw the recommends
ton in favor of the passage CT a uniform
banking law applicable to banking iDsti,u
tons. This is all the direct power over the
subject h'ch, believe, the federal govern
ment possesses. Such law would miti
gate, though it might not prevent evil. The
instinct of selfpreservation might produce
wholesome restraint upon their banking
business, if they knew, in advance, that
suspension Of specie payments would inevi
table produce their civil death
Bat the effects of the reyulsion are now
slowly but surely passing away. The ener-
gy and enterprise Of our citizens. with our
unboundcb resources will, within the period