Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1858-03-06

I
| promissory note Yoa say that they can
change this Lecompton constitution when it
shall once have been forced upon them. Let
/ 1t be abandoned now. What guarantee can
| you give against your own Intervention to pre-
vent that future changed What security can
| you give for your own adherence to the CON
/ struction ofthe constitution which YOU ADOPT
frop expedieney. today What better is a
constitution than by law of a corporation, if
1t may be forced on a state today, and reject.
ed tomorrow, in derogation of its own express
inhibition:
perceive. Mr.. President, that, in the wav
of argument, have passed already from the
| ground of expediency, on which wus stand.
ing, to that of right and justice. Among all
our rehnements of constitutional learnirg 2,
| one principle, one fundamental principle, has
| been faithfully preserved, namely That the
new States must come voluntarily into the
| Union-they must not be forced into it,
| Unite or Die was the motto addressed to
the States in the time of the Revolution.
Though kanzes should PERISH she cannot be
brought into the Union by force.
So long as the States shall come III by free
consent, their admission will be an act of
union, and this Will be a confederacy. When
ever they shall be brought in by fraud or
force, their admission will be an act of con-
| solidation, and the nation leasing to be a con-
| tederacy, will become in reality an empire.
| All our elementary instruction is wrong, or
else this change Of the Constitution will sub
vert the liberties of the American people.
You argue the consent of Kanzas from doc
umentary proofs, of her forced aud partial &C
quiescence, under your tyrannical rule, from
elections fraudulentlS conducted, from her
own contumacy, and from your own records
made up here against her. Ianswer hewhole
argument at once. Kanzas protests here, and
stands, by your own confession, in an attitude
of rebellion at home, to resist the annexation
which you contend she is soliciting at your
hands
Sir, if your proofs were a thousand times
stronger, would not hold the people of Ran
zas bound by them. They are all contradict
ed by stern facts. A people can be bound by
no action conducted in their name, and pre-
tending to their sanction, unless they enjoy
perfect freedom and safety in giving that con-
sent. You have held the people of Kan9as in
duress from the first hour of their attempted
organization as a community. 70 crown this
duress by an act at once forcing slavery on
them. which they hate, and them into a union
with you, on terms which they abhor, would
be but to illustrate anew, and on grand
scale, the maxim
"Prosperum t fsiiE sceEus. Uwtus uocatur."
MIR. President, it is an occasion for Joy and
triumph, when community that has gather
ed itself together under circumstances of prl-
walton and exile, and proceeded through
season of territorial or provincial dependence
on distant central authority, becomes a State,
in the full enjoyment of civil and religious
liberty, and rises into the dignity of mem
Der of this imperial Union. Bat in the case
of Kansas, her whole existence has been, and
1t yet is, trial, tempest, chaos, and now
you propose to make her nuptials a celebra-
ton of the funeral of her freedom. The peo-
pie OF Kanzas are entitled to save that free.
dom, for they have won it back when it had
been wrested from them by invasion and
usurpation. Sir, you are great and strong
On this continent there is no power can resist
you. On any other there is hardly a power
that would not reluctantly engage with you
but you can never, never conquer Kanzas
Your power, like a throne which ia built of
pine boards, and covered with purple, is weak
ness, except it be defended by people con-
tiding in you, because satisfied that you are
just, and grateful for the freedom that, under
you, they enjoy.
Sir, IN view, once more, of this subject of
slavery, submit that your own dignity re-
quires that we shall give over this champerty
with Shareholders, which we practice in pre-
scribing acquiescence in their rule as a condi-
ton of federation of self government in the
Territories. We are defeated in it. We may
wisely give it up, and admit Kanzas as free
State, since she will consent to be admitted
only in that character.
THE IsoTHERMAL THEORY.
Mr.. President, if | could at all suppose it
desirable or expedient to enlarge the field of
slave labor and of slaveholding sway, in this
Republic, should, nevertheless, maintain
that it is wise to relinquish the effort to sus-
tain slavery in Kanzas. The question in re-
gard to that Territory, has risen from private
one about slavery as domestic institution, to
one of slavery as a national policy. At every
step you have been failing. Will you 90 on
still further, ever confident, and yet ever un-
suecessfuls
l believe, sir, to some extent, in the isother-
NAL theory. l think there are regions, begin
ming at the North pole, and stretching south
ward, where slavery will die out soon if it be
planted; and l know, too well, that in the
tropics and to some extent northward of them
slavery lives long, and is hard to extirpate.
But cannot find certain boundary. am
sure, however, that SO 80 is too far north. l
think it is a movable boundary, and that ev-
cry year it advances towards a more southern
parallel.
But is there just now real want of new
'eotO AOA lhe euplOyueHI OI the slave LABOR
l see and feel the need OF room for new
State to be assigned to free labor, of room for
such new State almost every year. l think
see how it arises. Free white men abound
in this country, and in Europe, and even in
Asia. Economically speaking, their labor is
cheap--there is surplus of it. Under i'm
proved conditions of society," life grows longer,
and men multiply faster. Wars, which some
times waste them, grow less frequent and less
constructive. Invention is continually pro-
ducing machines and engines, artificial labor
ers, crowding them from one field of industry
to another--ever more from the Eastern re-
| gions OF this continent to the West. ever
more from the overcrowded Eastern CONT
hent to the praires and the wilderness in our
own. But do not see any such overlooking
| OF the African slave population in this coun.
try, even where it is unressted. Free labor
has been obstructed in Kanzas. There are
nevertheless, $4,000 or $4,000 treemen gath
cred there already ;-gathered there within
four years. Slave labor has been free to i'm
portstion. There are only 100 to 200 slaves
there To settle and occupy a new Slave
State anywhere is pari paSsu, to depopulate
old Slave States. Whence then are the sun
plies of. slaves to come, and howl Only by
reviving the African Slave Trade But this
is forbidden. Missionaries dream that the
prohibition can be repealed. The idea is in
sane. A Republic of thirty millions of tree
men, with free white laboring population
so dense as already to crowd on subsistence to
be brought to import negroes from Africa to
support them as cultivators and so to subject
themselves to starvation Though Africa ia
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