New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-10-11
FRANCE.
TIE TREATY WITH CHINA.

TIE expedition sent to China has attained the object
proposed by the Emperor. On the one hand, tuIl sat
isfaction is given for legitimate grievances and
the chustsement inflicted on the magistrate guilty 81
the murder Of Father Chapdelaine will be made public
throughout China; the other hand treaty, tigned
almost at the gates oi Pekin, assures to our rade ana
our mssor aries free access TO the heart Of the Cele-
tial Empire The barriers Of ages, that were still
keeping in isolation from the rest Of the world terri
tory peoped by nearly GOO 600 OF Inhabitants, are
defuitively oyerthrown China is completely opened
and can in future longer withdraw herself from the
action Of the cvlizing movement.
II was on the 9Th Of June last that Baron Gros
.ieucd the treaty Of Ticnsin. To appreciate its en-
tire importance we must not forget what the relations
Of the Western Powers have hitherto been with
China, and low limited the advantages were that
resulted from them.
The war between England and China had led, in
1872 TO the concluding Of treaty, which, by placing
in certain respects the babaans of the West on the
same footing with the subjects Of the Middle King
DOM opened 10 them certain ports, granted them
guarantee fol- their and persons, and cre-
ated the first elements Of international Law, hitherto
unknown in China. by the Convention Of 1914,
France secured 70 hereet the benefit OF these der-
ent clauses and obtained moreover from the En-
peror the issuing Of edict that repealed the penal
ties affecting Chinese Christians. hssuredy these
were important concessions, from which would nat
uraly result in the Chinese mind clearer notion of
Frances power which was little known at Pekiu,
save by tie vague remembrance which the recitals Of
the missionaries had left there concerning the grandeur
Of Louis NV, and subsequently by the renown OF
Narnlcon'- name. The edct Of liberation brought
over also to emma our uuoi,ivpyi r-otsotoraia of
Catholicism by extending il To Christianity IN gen
,ral But if this first success had undoubed value,
We must nevertheless admit that the access granted
US 10 the Chinese territory, being restricted to five
pors did not constitute adequate concession. IL
is to be observed also that the measure taken in favor
Of the Chinese Christians by the edict OF Tao-kwang
had not the stamp of being reciprocal act and as IT
emanaed solely from the Imperial will, this oct did
not possess the force Of convention engagement nor
did Il authorize, moreover, in any way the preaching
Christianity tle ppfr0lC MISSIONARIES INTO
the provinces Of the Celestial Empire.
on the other hand, the foreign missions We're only
permitted to reside at Macao or Hong Kong, and had
never been able 10 transact business with any other
save tie Viceroy Of Canton. Our diplomatic mission
wac compelled Ike the others, to nx its residence
without the Chinese territory and always found the
impossbi.v Of communicating direct the Central
Government. This state Of things accustomed serious
inconvenience, by placing foreign representatives IN
position Of ner0rty that rendered their action utterly
irccacous, and compromised the respect due to thein
in the Chinese mind.
The treatment and advantages which the Emperors
Government deemed it eIpedisrt to demand are now
formally and unreservedy conceded to Us.
All the important ports of the Chinese coast, ~
well as all the great routes Of communication through
ont the interior are open to our shipping and trade.
Our who by the terms Of the treaty
Of 1874 were only allowed to enter five ports, Will be
able henccor.h, being furnished with passes to travel
without hinderance over all parts of China.
1t is not now by virtue of spontaneou. edlct on
the part Of the sovereign that Chinese Cnns-
uahs coese 10 nav ceuse C apprehension il"in
the prosecutions q the mandarins il is in virtue q
convention stipulations which, acknowledging the
benefits Of the Christian doctrine abolish the laws
that prescribed it, and permit the missionaries of the
West TO move freely about the interior Of the en-
pire for the purpose Of propsgating il among the
/ Chinese.
The Nceroy Of Canton ceases TO be the compulsory
| medium Of our communications; the representative
Of France will treat direct Will. the Csbnet of Pein,
and TO tins end nc obtains the night of residence IN
that capital; The advantages If this concession,
agans' "n ur piias sspecsny reNot.d' are
". snal ha't 10 cause 10 ival
Una. 81. VI eti'an .lnea WIN ihpele tne
prompt anu sHt'siH1oIy solution @ whatever dher-