Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1858-03-30

Well, then, we would thus, IN all PROB
ability, have had Ksnzas slave State with
out the Kanzas Nebraska bill. But the pas
sage of that bill, if slavery had been certain
before, seemed to be the majority of the peo-
pie in the North to make it almost inevitable.
History warranted this fear. Judging from
the case of Indiana. there seemed to be no
chance whatever for freedom in Kanzas, after
the opportunity for slavery to enter there had
been given. There was Missouri on the con-
fines of the Territory-and the most densely
peopled portion of Missouri, too. Freedom
loving men desiring to go to that Territory,
would have had to travel hundreds and thou
sands of miles. The men who lived on the
line OF hanzas, as well as other southern men,
who entertained the same idea-though they
did not express it then for fear of losing the
bill-antcipated that the passage of the bill
settled the question of slavery in Kanzas for
ever. That was the evidence of the early
history of Indiana When that territory was
opened tor settlement, a few Shareholders
perhaps dozen or a score, went over from
Kentucky, and contrary to the wishes both of
the President and Congress-, contrary to the
ordinance of 1887, established slavery; and
theyobtained such control over that young ter
ritory, that petitions, signed by many of the
inhabitants, praying Congress to suspend the
pLoHlOltlOh Vi sldN6ISB W6Tb presented 10 Con-
gress, and year after year from 1903 to 1907.
These few Shareholders of the Territory of In
diana acquired such control ovet the inhabi-
tants of that territory because they were an
organization, as slavery is everywhere and at
all times an organization. 1t was a concen-
tratlon of capital, concentration of infu-
ence, and a concentration of power, which
our emlgrants from the free States, coming
one by one, were unable to resist; and had it
not been for the overwhelming population
which poured in from the North in 1907 and
1908, the prohibition CT slavery would have
been suspended. lad it not been for John
Randolph it would have been suspended in
lS03 and had it not been tor Mr.. Franklin
in the Senate, it might have been suspended
in 1907 and both of these were southern
men.
Well, sir, have said that Shareholders are
everywhere an organization. There is a COM
munity of interest, bond of feeling and of
sympathy, which combines and concentrates
all efforts to defend slavery where it is, and
to extend it to places where it is not. Then,
what fault be found with our efforts to
organize freedom by means of our emigrant
aid socities, that enable our citizens to go to
the territory in companies of twenty, fifty, one
hundred, er two hundred, to take possession
of the West, and to locate there the nstitu-
tons under which they choose to live
And here l come to the defence of this as
ISOLATION. 1t has been assailed, time and
again, on this floor, and have never been al
lowed even the privilege OF putting questions
to its assailants. The gentleman from Mis-
souri, Mr. Anderson called it ''illegal and
unconstitutional" 1t has been so assailed by
the successor of Willard Fillmore. But where
is the proof? Which of its acts has been
shown to be illegal and unconstitutional
If it was illegal and unconstitutional, why has
not the organization been crushed by the
courts We contend that any organization
which is allowed to continue its existence from
year to year, and to carry on its business, has
the presumption, at least, of legal right to
do so. We claim that for the Emigrant Aid
Company.
But the gentleman from Missouri processes
to have authority in regard to this matter.
He has said that we may employ this emlgrant
aid society in promoting emigration to Cen
trial America and to foreign countries, but that
we must 5eeoare how we do so in cOlonzng
tbs Territories of this Government. MIR.
Chairman if the gentleman from Missouri
has any authority in these premises, 1 hope
he will exercise it. l ask him to publish
handbook for emigrants, telling us how we
may go into a Territory; whether we may
ride or must go on foot; whether we may
take our wives and children with us, or must
leave them at home whether we may take
some of our neighbors with us, with their
agricultural implements and steam engiDesl
or whether We must go into the Territories
without any neghbors whatever whether
we .nay eyos hersos and oxen from the free
states, or whether we must content ourselves
to take mules from the State of Missouri.
(Laughter.)
Now, sir, let us have not only the book, but
the reasons for it. Let us know how far we
may go according to the law in this matter of
emigration. l recommend the gentleman
from Missouri to take some lessons from the
gentleman from Mississippi (Nlr. Quitman),
In this matter. l think he can get broader
views upon this subject if he will consult that
gentleman, and l think he will allow North
ern men to go to the places which they have
right to go to by the law of this land, in
such society, if it be law abiding, as they may
choose to select for themselves.
l have said that the great general law of
emigration is, that the emigranss shall follow
the parallels Of latitude in this country,
There are some exceptions to this. The gold
In California led our emigrants from the ex-
IRENE North across many parallels of latitude.
That was sufficient disturbing cause. The
existence of slavery in the slave States of this
country, has driven thirty five out of every
hundred emigrants across Northern parallels
to the free States OF the Union. That was an =
other great and powerful cause. But there is
another cause sufficient to carry emigration
Southwark over parallels of latitude. That is,
the argument of cheap lands, with the addi-
tional advantage of organized emigration. The
objections that have heretofore existed among
Northern men to settling in Southarp S+otas
are, by this mode Of ENGRAVING entirely OBJ
waited. The Northern man, with his family
of children, would not heretofore 90 into a
Southern State, i'll the absence of schools and
churcnes. But when, combined with one or
two hundred, OF. one or two thousand, of his
friends and neighbors, he goes into slave
State, he carries with him schools and church.
es, and the mechanic arts, all these difficulties
are obviated and, besides, he has the induce
ment OF going where the land can be bought
at slave State prices, in the expectation of
finding 1t come up probably in few years to
free State prices, which are five or six times
greater than lave State prices. Here is the
great inducement of increasing wealth. Let
colony start from Massachusetts, and settle on
almost any land in the State of Virginia-in
GreenVille, Southampton, Dinwiddie, or Ac.
comac, where the lands do not average so
high as three dollars an acre, by the census
OF lS5O-and the very day they settle there
the value of the land is more than doubled.
There is better land for sale today in rennes.
see and North Carolina, for fifty cents per
acre, than can be bought for ten times that
sum in any free State.
How can such an appeal to the migrating
population of the North in favor of organ-
ized emigration to the slave States be resisted