New-York daily tribune., 1858-07-03
RUSSIAN MANUFACTURERS.

COW is stIll little known 10 Germany, and our iofof,E-
ant states that il the factory in which be IS engaged
m )re Sd 200 pesss OF cloth can be msde daily IHe
raw material is principally staoed from TIE southern
govern msrts, ard the porum for tie wooeu trsie
is Ktarkov. where in tie market seasons. imneuss
quantities Of wool ere accumulated. By these makes
the woolen trsde Of the whole country Is regulated,
ard az a. be last ore held about month since, ths
prices were very low the Is the oase through
ont the ertire empire. The prices fjr tie c c)unon
sorts are from $40 % to Si 25 per pood OF 81 pounds
Better qualities are brought to Kharkov. e.Pec ally
from Bessarsbs, which briog from 81 to s23. These,
however, besr :Inal proportion 70 the whole, b.ng
scarcely one eghth.
The factory hands are better recompensed 10 Rls
sia than anywhere else TIE best receive from 81 90
TO 81 80 weekly, ard women from Il l3to - %.
They are almost all ssrs, and they eIjoy tae privilege
of being exempt from the otrok, tax to the prop4
tors willie tiey wok in the factories. II tass- work
nen would ory be industrious and INCREASINGLY ac2'e,
they might il a short time accumulate fortunes quis
respectable for their condition IN Il e. Cnfcrtuua'ey
.hsy ere net thrifty but waste great deal OF tine Ia
living exhsvsgsnty and runniog through with what
they have earned.
The serfs have hitherto stood under the direction
and charge tf thei propreors, and have been Obliged
70 work. II s accordingly to be feared taa, th'y
will abuse their liberty in deness and ,ziness ana il
will be some tine before they will manage Their bust
ress with industry and sttenton and bring into such
A condition o. is necessary for their own prosperity
When the wsy is orc, broken, and when few exsm
pies are orcs presented how far tie peasaes Gao prose-
cute it, there ia 70 fear tbs. there will be sck of im
taon on the psit Of the rest r the Ru;ssn is ly
susoeptbe OF sry improvement as soOD Sc be is fully
convI ced Of its pstbiliy Thus it that is
part Of bis n.ture TO speculate snd 20 accumulate ~
il clearly mai ifeted in the Rufssn trsdepeope aud
thi, characte risc will also manifest itse among tue
peasants a. soon as few Of them have once bscome
wealthy. An example Ct this is presented already 6J
the crown peasants.
After this dgre ason LET Il, return TO the manGf4c-
tuIts again. They already supply wares which rVs'
the most excellent of fore manufacture as was seen
last yesr in the great exhibition in WaIsaw; but the
prices are almost without exception 81 per cent hghe.
thsn in Germany. TEE high tariff iasures theSe high
pricee ard the extensive smugsing tbss has hitherto
been carried on is accordingly not ~ be wondered st.
For cut OF every four Transports one should Tau no
the lands Of the cusom-.case olicess, the prohs 20
the owners would still be enormous.
Msny other manufactures are conducted in Russia
as extensively az that CT cloth. Of these we vii ony
cite the beet sugar factories There are sIesdy
great number Of these, and in the southern govern
men.s there some tha. consume nearly tnrty-
six million pounds OF soets yearly. Even though
these do not yet manufacture onehsl Of what the
country requires STILL considering the progress OF the
people ard the many improvements going on, il msy
safely be cotectured that at period By 10 mosrs dig
tan they will be abe to supply the greater part Of the
domestic need.
Most of the workmasters in the Russian factories
are GernaIs and Erglshmep, who, as may be im-
agned well recompeused, ard will soou lay by for
iures and often associate together and resp brilliant
reward. Their position is somewhat unpleasant oa
se,orbt Of their being garded With degree OF envy
ard nistust until they 81 iefglh become Lsors!z d.
1t would aso he It'll easier fr them 70 acquire for.
tures if it were OF for ths er'at luxury with which
man Of staLdipg in Russs must surround himself if he
wshes to preserve his position. Immense sums are
thus expenc ed, since all the conditions Of luxury
much detrer there than in western Europe. sirgle
instance may be given Of this expense IN tue chs-
bagre, of which immense quantities are consumed
and which costs from 81 20 to e. 80 per bottle.
As regards the price of food in Moscow, only ths
ocmmOuest articles such as bread and meat, cheap
er th.n in Germsny. Everything elias is very much
dearer. But as the workmen live almost entirely
the former whole family can subs't ON rom - 20
80 weekly. and taey could if both husband ami Tits
worked end would practice such economy uucessiogy,
lay by almost twice IS much rs they 90.
as is well kLowp, travelling is performed in Russia
with grest rapdty, but ofy TO be sure where the
roads will permit il. TLs s not evoTywhere the
Gaze, ard there sre msny places where in Sprrg AID
Fail the mud is too deep TO permit of travelling ard
person 10 fortunate when he can in single day even
with TIE very beet team, pas over 10 wersts-sc"cs-
Is "A Eoglish mics. On good roads, however, tHlce,
aud even three times toat cetaCcs lnsy be aceom'
pished. In tie thickly populated governments tes
post suaI genents are in pretty coed order, oIy
person must content himself WITH open setge on
which lie s fearful joed and in wet weather ia con-
petey at the mercy Of me elements. Only on the
priI pal routes ss from St.. Petersburg to Wsnsw,
Morrow, &C., there large oo.ches aed tas'e are
fsr from being as cowfoiisbe as those il Gernsny.
Our informant gave usthe following account o sJ'Af'
Ley made by himself from Moscow 70 Warss":
"Wtena person wi.tes to ttsye he must msxe sp'
picator souo weeks in alvarez otherwise he will Lot
get plsce. For ony ore coach goes daily, srd only
SIX persons can be accommodated. Wsy.coaehes or
extra coaches DO not exist Tae journey enno: De
made until the oug list of pre- 5ious sppicsrts has
been satisfsd and sometimes more thao nulared
psrsors $40 watIg at the ssue time to take theft de-
paituIe. Wien consider tie gfes; LisiCou'"o Do
tween two cspi.ais IF the empire we must re54fa
ibis anaps. nen as in the highest degree .rsiin ;en',
and the communication as very limited
"When the travellers tnIn comes to make san, re
is pepned up in the wagon, whose seats VIII acsrc1ly
accommodate three persons each, aad be must remsa
there six days on the journey, night and Gay, Tor
which en- excellent constitution is very necessary
Fortunately the read is goUd tee entne cistsnce,
nearly ,lCO Het.ts, othe;si.e sueh J0ufney would
he pnendu.ab TIE c1 ach L. 5eside The pecsecser5,