The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-08-02
sway Of The earth and stone ruebsh caused BY The blow

NEW YOkk HCHALU, M
away earth and stone rubbish caused by the blow
IRE compresssur ya~lique Of Msssrrs. Grands eras
tore and Ssnmsil coDslsts in kind Of vast reverted
sy,hon, Which on enc end is In commuricston wt.oa
wster cescepds ia the first division Of the syphon, re
cunts 10 the ses1nd End congresses the air 10 IT. thu
air, when it arrives TO sufficient degree OF
elastic force, causes q valve to open, which in
uooures mo toe reservoir Then empty
irg valve, with which this cir box is provided,
opsre is tmn for ,prowiug the compressed ar,
whep the the second divsion the sypaou
tas been evscna ed he different movements begin anew
TIE movement n The waves for the admission OF the ga
tey and ar regulated by suA machine set In moson
by fall of water. rhe air compressed 10 The air box
maintained a. 9 constant pressure by means OF water
higher up In the machine Just described. with fall o.
ar siy stmospberes
The air being compressed by that machine employed
MOVING force for orvirg drills into the rock aud for
producing mipirg bOles hereafter gunpo~d9 olasts
the parts between these holes This compressed AR pc
tides moving power 10 CLEARING away the stone
and earth rubbish caafed by she explosion The com
p,,seur hydraul'que may also serve to proauos
earth Afterwards destined 70 fall In In consequence
Of the orcipa,y employed for this purposes In
word, this apparatus which has compressed air as .
novi setpt n az De applied TO all mechancal works
eu byaaed by the art Of the oorer snd nicer
N.ssrr Eiie de- Beaumont and Angelo Lismouds, who
spd Ba,doppeche ssralised tho presence and success
Of the following rocks-Micscaous sandstone, IN.
N,mDeled With micaceoue slate; qusrzte anhs drous
eypsrm Internally; doomque limestone; lAstly, chrys.
tazed glate limestone, alternating with arglace0ps lime
limestone. Qua,tzue alone offers great resistance TO
NOT very considerable The other ROCKS may be easily
attacked ny mre These indications have recently
o. verified by other BIOLOGISTS, and IN particular by
Before deantively adopting the use OF the above de.
scrbed machine for the works OF the submarine uuuel
the Sandman wished proceed to thorough
NJ N m
posed Of Piedmontese engineers aud learned men WAS
charged with submitting ~ ~ attentive study aud TO spe.
trials the apparatus Of Messrs Graud Grattcno and
somneilher also the perforatDg machine Of Mr. Bart
et working with compressed cir instead Of steam. Colo
mel VINO ms@Ver 81 inv % sna
The academy OF Soreness summed up the results Of tns
eIamnsiion.
l. consequence Of ias executed with fall Of water Of
weny ne,rss order 70 produce the preston Of
that machine, Mr.. MeIabrea comes 10 the conclusion
ba, at The distance he bali OF the length
Of The subu gallery in tube Of ten cenmetros Of
diameter with speed II i've metres at the beginning or
the conduit and pressure Of six stmcspheres In the air
box the force OF pressure transmitted 70 that distance
would stn be OF one atmosphere and one-.hird.
rhis resut, deduced from experiments male with the
Rress.i care and on large scale Is sufficient 70 remove
siI tesse which myhs been conceived ~ - the
pracucabty Of conducting air a. far ss the middle OF
The mountain
Altar having essbhhed this important fact the com.
nisei.n vccupe. itself To stuay log the employ ment
OF 1reseed air as ooSve poTer Fret, II put TO
TRIAL perorator invented by Mr. Bartlett In which COM
pressed air had beer substituted for steam which orgi
pey IL In motion TIE Of the Substitution
OF air Tor steam w3 complete.
Afterwards they tried suotner perforasor very simple,
acc Of small volume invented by Mr. 5omueiiier. This
new machine succseded equally we'll thus the possbi
h;y Of usipg in this case cmpressed air Is motive
power, Is perfectly estabnsbed.
curious fsc. mas been established in the
question which occupies us. In consequence OF the
rapid expansion o. air comprssssa 20 Six amos Amos
the water, at nearest proximity was frozen, although
the temperature vas ~ thai moment eigbteen degrees
(c-I ugrade) Thus, ny driving Considerable mass OF
camptssea air to ~ards the bottom OF gallery 600
neel deep, under ground, where consequently by ihe
effect Of the warmth OF the earth (~nicn as every body
knows, increases with its deYsh the Temperature would
rke TO about hy nine degrees, one would OBTAIN con-
siderable dminuiion OF the by the only eec.
expansion OF compressed air out ato the gallery
Mr. seusbrea gives then interesting par cuafs toe
accelerate work which would result from the
pIo, Of compressed air for producing mining holes
b. nesps Of air psrforators, mining holes were prac
tsed Ia rocks Of dieYen. knds-from tue softest lime
s'opes hardest siepis-and has been estabsned
about ;welve times quicker than with the ordinarily en-
played machines.
In order 70 appreciate the importance Of this result
uces observe tnAt IN the general WORK necessary for
establishing mining galleries three quarters Of the total
time employ ed In making only the mining hoes; tho
last quarter Ia sufficient for loading the Mines enecng
the explosion and clearing away rubbish II, taere
tore with the and Of the new apparatus the time gene
rally employ cd for establishing galleries illuminated in
considerable proportoo, II evident that the m st
important part OF the problem OF piercing the Alps 70 say
the scceleral.on Of labor, has been solved
spsce where scarcely three couples of abba
70 work, eighteen perorateys may be placed This cir
cumssaDce VIII necessarily render The work OF perfora
10 order 10 facilitate the removing Of rubbish . very
simple ap oaratus has been invented: II has been do
cided 70 establish at the same time near the great
gallery OF me tunnel second smaller and only Of I'm
30 sicewhe II order 70 facilitate toe working and 10
AVOID the dangers gallery OF small sections would offer
the tao gailtres will be simultaneously formed The
principal CELERY viz, the tunnel proper will follow that
Of small sections ct dhtance Of about 200 metres.
Mr. thoks 10 be aole 70 fix Of six years the
term ssa1y for terminating the whole Of sns msgnn
rhe authors of the project rays Mr. nepabr5s "hope
TO have hrmina ted In six years tie submarine gallery.
In fact, they estimate, at three metres per day the advance
ment n. each side OF the pounLanthat TO say, six
metres Per Gay In the Whole; whilst by the ordinary
the advspc u each gallery would not exceed
om 10 to om DO per day, Snd In the whole On 70 70
metre ["
the Sandman entered into Ia order as;ert
tho OF the meonArca systems proposed Tor tho
colossal enterprise wnon To be executed. II u prooa
bic tpa agree ably 70 The favorable opinion act forth by
this commission, tho works viii soon be organized and
bee un on n large scao
The earflpsn government, must be highly commended
for having with much care procoooef in the technical
examination q this question, Que u inc most exIsord
nary watch has yet itself in the snnss Of pooc
works The mtn, emileut 10 20 many respecs, VINO 70
day preside the brisut ooosl des'ines OF Pod
moIi acquired by this iso, new ute 10 The grstade "
all NberAl Daons the celebrstvi eng nser Mr.. Pseoc
cspa, who fer loss time sod vito 90 musn ds-
tneton occupied the Ministry Of Pubic worse "a ne
see and lapors, Ia still Gsuriog In the p,edmootese
ministry minister without de2armenti aod The
illustrious N. d. Cavour - remarkable for his
posical ideas for nss Administrative capacity ,
have particularly contributed " lead ths gr, question
into he direction nnd To their cares,
"a ose Pedn ootsse Chamoefs, duly nfsmed and
edbsd, year Aso sitnof sed the execution 0 the pre-
liunsry s,udles vpo~e results &c nave reportei fne
psnes Messrs Psle0c aud de Cav our v therefore,
tusty remain attached 10 the memory o. tbs grand work
Aicr having speciAsa TIC systsm shch nss oeeo pro
posed f.r tie bung o. tue tuD-Alpse inree aoa lndt
std the favorable Te-uis % toe experiments made oy
ths cou ssi snail oor maze Known. soiss termi
nsug our article N. ptecee data reaVe 70 me proec'
IN quesalln .
tine ttsi length Of toe tuups, sccordns 10 this p'oect
vOnii be OF 90 1--WE snd halt kI0mt'res Inc gA
lery "a raced out en- tho vertical plane, odt
I, runs two opposite iEc,inaii)ns iSWuds tue tso
oulets OF NE tunnel. W order 70 facilitate the
draining OF waters vh,sn nay be found mere
Ibe southern noath &c tho gsliery lorarts Budon
nechs, "a 324 melr sbove tos level Of tho sea tsrt
ing IRON this potS gallery ~n an average IN