New-York daily tribune., 1858-07-23

nsrs Of 'peculs:on ID the pu;:c ,.<js, 58sl'c CT
trscts sni Pablo Offices, f:on tie hgAe.: :, TIE JF
est; aLi o Consequence, specals d the 0ser a.
tse Government a: home ard s5ro1.
When the vast powers Of this r1gh.y country csr be
welded u ssret con,lsve-Its morey power ard
physical forces given Director, inv.sbJ, from wheh
they cssno, be diverted .Aab the waters CT Nj
sssrs when the iesp is .aken-Bsn.ons dying deLuu-
eiaen c The naturalization for "snpp-sssng ari con-
ceslIg II. e,ijences Of f,reigr neSo:ston tend
irg TO dcitIoy the Crion should make du-iee
inpressior. esItci.y when that Adm cisTsocn h so-
fclu,ey under the control Of Southern fac:on no'o'
roasly hostile to the Union.
/, iss ges, mistake TO attribute TO perscns anncs-
ties the sb,o-bng feeling exhibited IL tois as. scrp OF
Bsn,on per, AID in bis les: conversations with ne
touching the d,,srs Of Southern schemsrs asanst the
Union. HE qinpe narrative Of the growth o. these
design written ust before bis i'ress shows that h.-
anxiety wss the resut Of prolonged it.or, orerat
ing or the msr.er psssion of his tas-:Ais love of
country and the institutions tbst made !. happy.
quo.e pssssge, from which it appears that Mr..
Madison and NJ. Clay at the beginning enter. siEsd
his views e1d believed :hs. there wass settled cor-
spiracy agarst Tie Union, which would be constantly
fcsteIed il the SJuth by corruP. sni ambitions men,
who would always frd in the Save question aEmeIt
for tie strife they sought to epsender TO break the con-
federacy ard Ius part they could NJ. tie whole.
BeLton tbus points to the orgin and traces the move
merits Of this plot:
ain the ear 1880 sop Southern politicians, having
some rriyete grief OF their own 70 redress, sKd sons
ambitious objects o. their own 70 acc0npish, con.
ce7ed that separation Of the Sses, AMI the erection
OF a new Re public South, wss tne vey 10 accomplish
their purposes; ard st tha object the segregation OF
the States eou.h Of the PotomGc they went to work
W Ai.ot o,r MI
"sn uncC institutional protective tariff VILE tnis
view, and upon this pretext, the first Southern South
Carolinsl Convention was held II November, ISf2
which p8ssed tae ordlEsnce OF nullhcAnon ana se-
CT tssOn-declsriDg the revenue lsws null and VOID,
iixLg the first day Of February, then next ensulrg
for the secession unless Congress in the ulesn to'e
sho ud sban don protective tsIih ard evyins On sr
ny to maintain her attitude The jackson Proc .on
OF De CEN ber 1892 denouLciog the pelallss OF hlgh
treason on all who should commit the overt s;t
under that ordnance, AID the full belief that he would
90 what lie sad baked ths. project sad esve birth TO
the tariff con promise Of 1888, by which protect
tariff as pretext for secession wss laid ASIDE, TO be
tubetitu.ed by the Slavery agitation, generated out OF
the alarms OF the Slave States for t2er hvss ana
property through fear Of the Anti-S,avefy "tg-
u sressions, ercroachments and crussdes" OF the
North against the South. The substitution was in-
slant and notorious. On returning home from Con.
pIess Mr. Calhoun told his friends thst Inc South coud
Tever be united against the North the tariff que'
tou-that the sugar inteIes. Of Louisiana would keep
her and that the baes OF the Southern union must
be shifted to the slave question: and, shifted accord.
Dgly, il mme wes. lnconfnentiy al! the null
csiCn newspapers opened for secession for that new
cause filing the country with alarm for the eaiety OF
slave property, ard spreading the terors OF serve
ntuIrectoD-inevitebe consequence OF the aboh 1on
detigrs. Tee whole South Immediately took fire.
Before the month of June-that is to say IN less than
three months after the protective tariff pretsxt for se-
cession had beer laid asdehe new pretext had been
seen by all Observers Mr.. Clay saw it, and OF the
2Sth of May, in letter to NJ: Madison expressed his
spprehensiops of this new danger, and declared his
disbelief Of any foundation for the Asm w1ieh was
ATTEMPTED. Mr.. Madison immediately repneo, reclp-
rocaI both his spprehensions and hs disoehei ana,
in brief paragraph, fixing ell the points-date, To-
calty actors, prete1t and mode OF oPeEan9I-ln tns
lew phase of the secession movement, and branding
il with as much reprobstion as the amisole moders-
ton of lis temper would permit Tnat letter becomes
starting point in this inquiry which history will seize
upon and find in il the key which unocks the door
tia. gives the inside view of ell the mschna1ons
which have led to the present portentous Slavery ag
tsiion. In that letter to Mr. Clay, he said:
tie subject the slaves You tight have d'n tbs
shsn s BY
iasy i1Es aSon with the sss o:he
hand wll, madness in the South to look for erea'e ey
xced b hs% may b. an os:m.ch the d
prudence and favor the Southern Convention
ssaiDst grievances oi every sort from the Nor:i'
Everything which Mr.. Madison fore
in 1893 We have all seen since-the uncsasing
attempt 10 alarm the Slave States its success IN re-
vivrg The 'insidious' Convention; ts effect on the
pride snd resentment Of the Southern people and the
mastery which the Nulifers have acquired in gaining
control in sl the Slave States and bringing them to
act unit s3eipst the North in the FEDERAL cleo
tiors and legislation. His letter. and that of Mr.. Clay
are cardinal to the history Of these times and csnnot
be overlooked or discredted by any ops VINO seeks
either to teach truth or to learn it on this eyentful
period of American history They mark the origin Of
the Slavery agitation. They show its locslty, and
fla IL an the Soak; they show its preteIs and expose
its want Of truth they poin. to its designs and prob
able success, and in that they We're prophetic.
"But sm not now writing the history Of the present
Slavery agitation-s history which the young have
not learned, and the old have forgotten and which
every American ought to underetsnd only indicate
cardinal points to show its character; and Of these
cain one remain. to be stated. Up to Mr.. Pierce's
administration the plan had been defensive hs. to
say, to make the secession OF the South me Ssure OF
ee defense sgsrst the Abolition encroachmsn.s, ag.
gre.sons and crusades Of the North. In the time Of
Mr. Pierce, the plan became offensive, that is 70 say,
to commence the expansion Of Slavery, and the acq-
ston Of territory to spread oysS 50 q. q over.
them out Of the Union" (Append1, PIP. l79-ls5.
The gsnt Of Jefferson Repubicsnism, by these
last strokes Of his pen, has left memohsl ss lasting
the history OF his country to bear testimony tha. he
was no friend to Buchanan-hsd no faith in his hor.
esty-dd Lot acquiesce in the policy Of bic Adminstra
tion-wss not "too much absorbed an his actuol la6ors
" and pH granr affairs to be ereied on temporary
L" topics," snd was not " too much inclined 10 good
"rW 10 say anything that rould round or Uritate
or "imply an iaridious sectional distinctions at the
expense Of the Presidents allies rather his masters
the Nulli6ers; and thus though dead, Bsntoa vind-
Gates himself and veIi6es the sentiments imputed 10
him by your correspondent and denied by Jones.
The official organ of the Administration, in accepting
Mr. Joness offerings in the service OF the Admnstra
top, renders il his accessory. would De istered a.