New-York daily tribune., 1858-08-23
sclENrUIc DIscoVEhILS.

- ~-ra ~
x,h, tiser on one ,de aud herd oi eiephAiN y"
,.e ..asr. f.,,pg eseh week nes nsti'n' Oh 'N',-l
a., ,,c,, bis own: carrying be LIE IN ne hAni "s
& Denis carried bis head uodef q" ~,
ssrrot where i wa, msde, ana Pe0e'iA"is 80
vsSvn.n.s Of thpqs in the hear, OF 1871 N'u
60, lo,. % ire memory 0! hi' oTn people, 70
- =. an ,yatsr Of Vistnn after the suojle.-
49, ~ R,la and the submission OF the lover
,,,.re, % hi, genius and power. thinker, bod,
re-. s.un, uneIclted, self determined theorlser a1d
s.a s.seumsr Of theories, ts speaks 70 Us ike one
rbe hss gone snd seen and Knows, Ike agsnteIo'a
sopEs out Of hs dressing room, Ike ma't:r
among lie fayorites and more advanced scho'ars'
III. A:.srs 70 the Presden. OF lie Royal GeOgra2h-
ie. Society, pubsked in their lssi two VOLUMES are
EoGsls OF te.cbing. They run WITH The essy com
p.,<reu Of bic own river Zsmbezi through the field
efli, exDerieDce from reg 70 region, aud s2reri
keiere n, ,ne broad characteristics OF each in every
department Of science. Lhe all great liyera, L'V-
MgstoDe feel. his subjects iu nisses ald sket;hes
he de.crptons continentally. No haze OF imper-
fct medium; no nesrsighted blur; bat the har-
peIiout contrasts and mulsfJrm combinations OF
wide panoramic vision, permit him to taFn from
SIDE 10 Gde and point out here an oojectSnd lusre
ere which is typical; we can zee II 70 oe So ano
sssd for thousand Of its kind, all visbe a1d
sss.lly describsble before US.
Pis letter of the 4th OF March, from Tee or
pyungwe, is particularly fne for this scientific
srsnpibg. Here be advances one Of the b,ldest OF
ii, theories as an ethnolOglst. He is convinced
Tat mountains do not make mountaneers, b1t, cice
Ysrss, that mountaineers go up of choice into the
mountains, as their home. He repudiates the CON-
men view which yields so great preponderance OF
influence over the character Of man to the pecu-
hartes Of his habitat TO the braciDg air Of bis hunt
ilg.grsunds to the free waters which he drinks, 70
the snewy exertiOn Of necessary toll, aud the manly
anusements OF gymnasium where Nature has seen
u il that the poles and bars, and ropes, and spring
ng.horses be Of grauite and clsysate, and cedar
Of Lebanon. He points TO the miserable Bechuanas
and Bah halahsri, wandering "spiritess and abject
"h demesnor and thought cultiyatiug with delgh.
"a little corn or pumpkins, or rearing few costs
'alerg the same mountain plateau, facing the H.
"disp ocean, with that brave aud Independent
"BOshmsn race, Of wiry, compact fra ne, those
magnificent sayages, to wage war with whom Sir
"Harry Smith declared was like fighting with Cir
"cassians or Algerine Arabs, +" and asks whether
climate or habitat account for such difference.
He describes the Bayeye or Bakoba race, those
aboriginal Quskers Of Central Africa, "who never
"fousht with any one, but invariably submitted to
"wAoever conquered the lands adjacent TO their
"rivers," whose ancestors made bows aud arrows
Of the castor-oD plant, which broke at the first
touch and who therefore live on the reedy islets OF
the river Tougs, have goats and gardens fish aud
AUNT alternately, never grow rich and permit what
sser stranger comes to take whatever he noy rlaO
--those natural antelopes OF men, surrounded by
the EOn.like lords of the isles, Sekote aud the
"rest, living among identical circumstances, a1d or
"rAmentipg their dwellings, with human skulls
He states bis theory thus; The cause OF the
difference observed in tribes inhabiting the same
"socsites, though it spos the poetry of the thing
"censists in certain spots being the choice OF the
"race or family So when we see certain charac-
"ters assembled on particular spots it may be more
"preeise TO cay We see the antecedent disposition
"nAnifested in the selection rather than that the
part chosen produced subsequent disposition.
Yet he grants that the efiemnste Bechusnas in-
habit towsrd the centre of the continent, and live
generally on the plains; and he does not attempt TO
explain how these feeble people could drive the he
rsic Cafre mountsineers, with hands Ike English
Ilowmen, and republican institutions of go rigid
and precise q kind back into the mountains which
hey occupy.
The difficulty grows with smother OF Livngstons's
tAeSriet that the various OF South Africa are
essentially and originally one. The wsrlike Cahre,
he ssys, may have Arab blood in his veins, but his
customs are negro and little else, wildly impressed
with the agency Of unseen spirit in human affairs
As especial Characteristic the great traveller thinks
Of the true negro family So also, as he says, the
structure or skeletons of the dialects Of Caire,
BscAuana, Bayeiye, Bsrotse, Bstoks, Bstonga or
people of the Zambezi, Mashona, Babiss, the
sesroes Of Lorda, Angola, and people on the Wes.
COsst, are all wonderfully alike. A grest proper
lion Of the roots is Identical in all. The apparently
exceptional Bushmsn tongue merely deyelopes the
same roots, BY putting emphasis upon one syllable,
making il constitute sometimes the whole word,
and varying the kicks in greater abundance.
We cannot accept thess nhsrmonious genersEz,-
tors, even from Livingstone. The whole range of
Druid nations in the northern hemisphere, all the
Esquimaux tribes, the ancient Romans and Egypt
ians the modern Britons and Irish, and the Polyne
sian races show the fetish superstition as radically
part and parcel of their inner nature as the negro
race. And the languages of mankind are 50 well
Anown to be beth transmissble and tranferable
that We can regard them only as the various layers
OF An siserdrft, comparatively recent, compound,
sedimentary deposit over all, laid scros, the up.