New-York daily tribune., 1858-10-05
HORTICtLTURE At TIE FiyP

the Crystal Palace VOW IN progress ana - ,ha D.,
logical Soc'ety iatey held in this city. h.ve h,,.
studied by many thoughtful ani earnes. cultivation. f
fruit and ought 70 have been by many thousand, NOR.
II is surprising that many fatners market gsrien-
amateurs and lovers Of frui, generally could let .ucs
opportunities slip of obtaining thorough and complete
knowledge q the bcs. vsetcs Of fruit sndyegeablos.
without tie labor OF acquiring from books or oxper.
men,.
IL i' n hope cf inducing some % nprovs the les4or
10" before them who would otherwise ne g,tt an op-
po'tsniiI o; acquiring knowledge cLsapl, that has
0o' tne exhibitors Of fruit ard vegetables Al the Cry,-
ID" Ss'e years Of labor, and in some instances >ntir,
.V''"''s 70 OBTAIN by experiment. The arrangement
h"' some FEATURES that the attention the Chair
man OF me Managers :the Horticultural Department
Mr. Thomas W. Field designing by II 70 facilitate tho
study q the various classes of Vegetables and fru
Hitherto the frut and flowers and vegetable. war; no.
only inemixed Hith each other pre,eryin,, NO an
blsnee Of order bG, the whole department, wa. CON-
founded with snd pressed on every side by machrerv
hardware and sgrirrl'arai implements. Now neat
living evergreen hedge srrroards and defines tbe H.
tlcultura Department whch Il entered through taste,
nj arches OF evergreen work
F1Ne long tables thcklv covered with the pro-
re'. .l S grounds oi as many e'lhivaiors Of fruit.
the hr-t collection, now somewhat in s waue from
the grounds %. the Hon Marshall y Wilder of Boston
whose ardor IN The cultivation and propa ation IL
fruit l. only eQuaed by his eCQuence in narrating tho
results of tie year experience and melting others in
the same labor His address at the lrte PomoocioaI
Convention master piece of conciseness IN ietni
ot tie acs To support h argument Of eloquent, mar
ration and Of earnest, even Joyous, enthusiasm. His
co'ectoi consisted OF 10 varieties of pears of which
he would not recommend more than twenty for snv
but An amateurs garden Fhe next is Mr.. Barry's of
Rochester consisting of AO varieties of pears,
nifty or sixty of which have been recently renewed.
IL IL not unimporiant fact that Mr.. Barry at
the head OF .he horticutursts Of America in knowi
edge and ability, and proprietor of nursery Of $50
scres which Grnds ont millions of trees every year,
xss less than twenty years since al employee in a
Flushing nursery. One of the first lesso,, to DO
learned here is that many of the varieties N pears
which excel IN Mr Barry collection but medium,
and often even poor in Mr.. Ildcrs aud rice rcyso.
IL IL not dhcu. of conclusion that all varieties Of
pears are not adapted to all places paper read by
Mr.. 1. W. Field az the meeting of the Pathological
Seclsv on the adaptation of varieties TO locations,
accumulated large amount of evidence Of this law.
Another Of tlese tables is occupied by $50 varieties
of pears from Mr. c. NJ. Hoyey of Cambridge, Mass,
A large part of which has recently been removed,
Mr. Hovey has the largest collection of bearing pear
trees in the country, and deyotes life of untirng
energy the development of the secrets of PomologY
Another table is occuDied by $50 varieties of pears
exhibited by Mr.. Hooker of Rochester many of which
now only exhibit that they have once been large and
fine specimens.
There smaller collections Of pears by many other
exhibitors among the most noticeable of which
are those Of Mr.. Westbrooke of North Carolina Prof
Mapes, and collection OF BY far the most beautiful
specimens IT ten or twelve varieties from the Northern
part Of this State. fifth table is covered by tho
300 plates of apples exhibited by Mr.. Bailey 1t
Patjsburgh, Now-lork. This certainly is the best
corctonof apples. ard composed of the finest speci
mems of that fruit ever exhibited in this citv
Ii il only approached by that Of Mr.. Westbrooke.
almost l. nearly by that OF NJ. --, both from
North Carolina Without entering further into de-
tail we have been thus particular, in order that we
might direct attention TO features of tis exhibit
ton that will lead 10 practical results. Among the
frst that exctes notice is the fact that there
many exhibitors of pears, and much greater quant
ties of this fruit than any other Either the pear 10
produced with much greater than other fruits,
there tree. of this species in existence thaa
of others, or nursermen have combined to humbug
the public by presenting only apparent results When
we recolect the thousands Of apple orchards within
fifty miles oi this city, aud the pauclty OF their fruit,
W, are inclined 10 think that tho pear /. much
certain Of production than the apple in locations.
A.cthsr fact, to which we have called attention, 10
That there are bn lew varieties of equal excellence in
all these collections and IN ascertanng this result is
the great value of this seemingly needless multiploa-
tiOn of varieties.
Tho frst idea awakened by their exhibition, is tn
query, What is the of manyl The true
natural answer, Cultivation of fruit" and espeoall
Of pears, Is with lis that scarcely know any
thing Of il yet and are especially ignorant Of wha
kinds the best for all places: First Because
fruit be said to have proved itself until II ha
fruitei for twenty years, and Ia hundred places .
Second, Because we do not believe we have rearhe
tie maximum Of excellence IN any variety, and W. 20
only discover that better fruit by experiment and in
these large collections only show the result, an
if failures, accept the Judgment and try again
Another suggestive fact IL, that Northern Newfork
and North Carolina exhibit nearly equal claims 10
the premium for the best apples and for the largest
collection of them. What immense territory be-
tween, almo-t barren of this fruit. There il more
earnest attention to the planting of fruit trees in
the Slavehoding States Of North Carolina, Georgia
and parts Of Alabama than there is in all the territory
of the Atlantic States north to the Hudson River.
This il evidenced by the number of large nurseries
established aud IN successful oI sraton, well as by
the quantities of fruit they serd 10 exhibitions and
markets. One Of the tests 10 which the iorticul
tura Committee has submitted the fruit s to allow all
the specimens TO decay upon the plates. From this
trial may be ascer'ancd whether variety rots a. the
core-a fatal defect-whether it decays before rpen-
ing-a not uncommon peculiarly Of some varieties.
Whether 1t will remain ft for the table longer or
shorter time before decay en.ues.
Persons visiting these collections should compare
them 10 ASCERTAIN what varieties Of apples and pears
proved uniformly successful in Boston aud Rochester.
at Plattsburgh, New. York and at Wilmington, North
Carolina. From this inspection something positive
might be learned regarding the varieties 10 be planted
n, uout- betyeen these localities.