davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

THE REcESr SrABBrNG ArrRAr BErwEES BRorH-
YRs.-James GilIen, the young man who WAS stabbed
with an ice pick in the hands OF his brother Pat, o.
Monday night at their residence, No. 1874 Groenwich
street is lying in dangerous situation at the Now
York Hospital. lie was considered in such critical
state yesterday afternoon, that information was gves
at the Coroners Office. with request that an ante
mortem examination should be held. Patrick llcu
who was arrested by Officer IIslstead Of tue Zig ah
Precinct is still in custody awaiting the result Of tho
Injuries inflicted by him.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05
fAd,ertiUsDsn'.I

Frs. Frs. FTTs.-Rcad the testimonial OF Mr..
" ID sryy,zT Of No rs Prsns aud sasy yourself that
b. H,sr, yes.:sb. extract certain fos Eta Pad
Dsl art.,l ~. 50 D.J-s-
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

AyorHER CHAP1gR IN Tue BROADWAY MURDER
CAsE-Catherine Mulhean, Ne girl who recently
made the complaint before Justice Connolly charging
Robert l.. Willis, keeper of an alleged gambling crib
at No. 5Sl Broadway, with murder, was arrested yes
terday afternoon BY Officer Gardper, on warrant
granted by Justice Webb of the City Hall Police
Court, on complaint of Willis for alleged perjury.
The following are the aildavits made in the case;
Robert l.. Willis, being duly sworn, says that lie,
Muherp made before Justice Connolly the 10Th of Dc
mIrsr which he believe, copy AFFIDAVIT. made
By Csthe muean before Justice Connolly charging depo
iss sci sroaway m the City Of New York asponen
further SAYS that wholly false is In said affidavit stated
that 70 oa on ss dy Or & on Of b
hun" aid he says that it Is wholly false that violence
wholly fss that any time and place deponen guilty OF
taking the life Of human being eognzan Of sG,h taking
ruptiy snd wy 10 what she knew 70 be false in said
affidavit and in her testimony before Jssce oonfGy o' e.
i and deliberate perjury and he orays that the said Cate
rue may be'6prehended and dealt With asSq,51g to T
Sworn to before ne hi 81 d9y Of Scysbt pc 1853
Marion Rockliff swears that she is married
woman resides with her husband Thomas Rockia at No
Spring she hes known Ca.harne Mhesn since
sepsn nh deponsns wen, to the house Of NJ W a. 10
sci Broadway and remained there until the Tesday afternoon
Cahsrne during that time, and she usually retired about
O'Clock night Of the 9Th Of September she did no.
sleep very well consequence Of her baby being unwe that
Cshsrne slept very soundly that night and did not wake Up
until between and o'clock the following Monday sing
the night neither Of them slept very we'll in
baby being very troubeome the following day
LEFT house aud did C,tharine until the Friday follow
pE when she celled deponerts house between and
O'Clock in the morning and s,sed that she had LEFT NJ Wss
expected the police would be after her every moment
Opponent asked CsiAsrne Why the police would be after her
Catherine replied tina; he expected M. iii. would
harIe her with stealing something dePonent replied she did
think he would, and Caharine then said II Mr. Wius
called that she had the country had beard what
Cath had stated her examination before Justice
Connolly, IN relation 10 conversation she Cathsrne
had tn deponent, and tina, the utterly iase and
untrue In every particular and thst nothing Of he Mud
said had been asked by Csiharne before Justice Con
molly during the examination bat conversation We had to-
g.lher night in question: and told her false and
Ca sne then replied, my God yo1 are backed up by
MI Willis" requested BE- allowed 10 leave the when
tie conversation took place bu, Justice Connolly would net lot
III - 49,
Deponert further that Mr. Willis spoke her
about terrifying in the
Upon these afiidayits, Cstbarine was committed to
answer.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

SIX LECTURES on CONSUMPTION, ASTHMA,
BsoscHrr!s, HEART DISEASE, FEMALE and KDsgy Goes
PLANTS end CHRONIC DISEASE generally $40 pages, en-
rsyinys bound by Dr. SAMUEL FTch explaining hn odr
tive Of dis.ss.- Pr.ce . cents BY asu. -
.er. Address Dl. s. $. FTcH. ees Ma. III Broadway.
NY
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05
fAcyvrflDmsrtI

THE METALLIC TABLET STROP-Invented b.
Gzo sAu,DEks, A. ID. I2l6-Th the genuine sxtici hss
never .qus-c o producing the keenes posb sdes 10
rszor Can - obainri II the Subscribers snd sole msaE.
,u J. l. s. sAUsDERs, No. Astof House.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

GAS-CAS--GAS fIXTURPs.-A large hss0rt-
men, ana entirely designs will be ocnd at
Men scturus Dep NJ. 30 Broadway The trade sup
- - - "a, r,.s.l t.ru. ARcHzk, WAKAgR T. Co.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

ousy oserd 10 pToy,:e tables cor this a, BIZ Owe ek'
penfe. There WI aLso be display OF defamation,
singing, gyrns.,:cs, caisthe,Ss dIN reading sad
many things beside, AMI the schools VII BE- plsced in
direct competition generally.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

MARX THESE PRICES. - CrOsleys 00onaiioo
Velvet C.rpst ~ 50 per yard. Roya V-t.sta 81 sai
p; T5 o.. sl-i 9lc Pss Tsss and FlA'as
c., "a. o. eAitsofd.nsn'y low Esic.S-
HisAa AAosssoa, No. % osuesy.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

Tue G,NHLING-HousE MURDER CAsS.--The cas-
of Robert L. Willis, arrested on suspc on Of having
murdered man in his gambling hell, No. 5Sl Broad
way on OF about the night Of the 18th September a<.
was 10 have been resumed yesterday forenoon, bat
Justice Connolly having some other matters to attend
10. adjourned the further hesins in tie matter uota
Monday next at 10 q. III. Mr.. Busted, counsel tor
the accused strenuou.y opposed the further adjourn
meDt of the case. and urged upon the Magistrate to
decide the case at once. Justice Connolly announces
that lie would render his decision next Monday.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

THE TRIBUNE ALMANAC for 1857, contains tie
rstuus Of Presidential and Congressional Electives -
1850 For VI ksetioos bed In iaSs.
fRuukE ALMANAC tof 1855.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

THE GENERAL EXHIBITIONS oT The PrsIic SCHOOLS
-Ihs Annual Exhibition Of Drawing, PAINTING,
Neetiework Permsnship and other productions Oh .ne
Grammar Schools will open on the I'D inst, IN the
large Assembly room Of the Cooper In''huie' ava
o;rinue for a week. A table will be stt apart Tor
each .clool ard there viii be ample room Tor the dia'
play Ct penn snshp and maP'. MT. CcoPSs ns' se'es
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

Mr.. Ullman announces in card to the public that
he viii sell tae private boxes for the Don Giovanni
Night" at auction on Saturday next at the Mer-
chats Exchange, the amount received above the
regular price to be handed to the Mayor for dstrbu
ton among the charities Of the city. Don Clio.
vspn" will be given next Monday, with strong
cast.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05
fAdve.is~ne1tI
De.nysa Cal gDIES
fAdvestiNmsUt.l

Ans,orvrys Asp DscUGaREorvpss
Noe 50 IS broadway, Newrorx and No. III Fssnvs
ssIiAs v, Washington, y. G.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

HARLEM RALRoAD-NEw TINE T,DiE.-ln order
to expedite the progress of the Albany trs'n, and
afford additional accommodations to those residing on
the line of this road above Willismsbrdge, some 81
teratios have been made in the time table, which
goes into effect Monday next, the sth inst The do
parture of the trains from this city depot corner OF
Fourth avenue and Twenysixth street will be as fol-
lows:
s:1N a. M Tor White Plains way mail stopping at all
lions.
o.3o a. m. for Wiilamsbvidze and ~ vsy stations,
10 for Albany. Express TO White Plains, thence way
mail
uSca u for White Plains s.orpios o. al way stations
ESQ p. for Wiians5 bridge. and sl wsy stations.
Sp for Milerton, and all way stations above Williams.
bridge.
4 D. ~ for Cro.on Falls, snd all way stations.
: D. H. for White Plains. end al way stations.
Gas n NJ for White Plains, and all stations.
$50 D. m for Willlsmsb bridge. and all wsy stations
Tue D. NJ train from the city will leave White Plains Tor
New York, a. q IN.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

REAL EsrArE.-The following sales Of Real Estate
were made yesterday at the Merchants Exchange BY
A. j. Blocker, Son & Co.:
2 houses and lot, No. l: T.. STths 25s0s9......S4ee
house and box No II H. 2st ST. % js9l f,ioe
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

PosTPoyFsrsr or THE DEPAErrRE OF IHz ShAl
MAIL STEAMER FOR CiLiFORSA.-We earn rom IL
o. Roberts, esq., that the mail steamship LIMOS 'o
Aspinwal will lie detained TIL O'Clock on SATURDAY
the 9Th inst.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

BURGLARS CAuonr.-At an early hour yesterday
morning as one of the Eleventh Precinct officers was
patrong his beat lie disc overci three fellows hsrl Al
work removing a quantity OF iSass and iron work
from the foundry of John Aspinwa. No. 3'l Fifth
street. After watching their movements some timo
the officer summoned assistance and apprehended tho
party and took them to the StationHouse where they
gave their names as James OBrien. Joseph Parker
and Aaron Stewart. The fellows it seems had bur-
glariosy entered tho foundry and collected together
the most valuable articles within their reach. which
they were about removing when discovered. The ac-
cused were conveyed to the Essex Market Police Court
and committed to prison by Justice Brennan IN default
OF e. 600 bail each.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

THE INDICTMENT AGAINST tn, Coxxoy CoUscIL 81
ls57.In the Court Of Oyer and Teninsr On THURSDAY
morning, TIE indicted members OF The last Common
Council were required to give recognizances in the
sum Of $500 each. Ex-Mayor Wood ws' present, and
in brief speech demanded an early tra'. MI
Graham and other counsel Of the defendants, sgTeed to
20 on with the case next week.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

Mr.. y. W. Hooker, while riding on one Of the Sixth
avenue ears yesterday afternoon WA relieved Of his
watch, valued at $50, by some adroit pickpocket-
Mr.. James Valentine, while riding on an Eighth
avenue car had his watch stolen. The thieves in bos
instances eecaped.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

LECTURE on ARr.-Mr. Remington wi! deliver a
lecture Art, at the Cooper INSTITUTE Tuesday evening
next, at o'clock, being Of a series Of two.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

NEW MUsIc.-Mr. Horace Waters has published :
Ode to Liberty, solo and quartet, by Geo. Boweryem.
These are spirited words, well harmonized. The last
Yarsoviana, by A. Cali, fluent characteristic dance.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

SELT- PRorrLLISG STAN FIR ENGSE.-An en-
CINE Of this description built under contract with
the city by Messrs Lee Larred, will be brought out
AID tested al the lydrart tie Bowling Greeu this
Afternoon at O'Clock. Il will be escorted from the
Novelty Iron Works to the place OF exhibition run
nipg however, by is own power, by Engine Company
No. -, Richard F. Moore foremsn, which has volun-
eered to take charge OF the occasion, and to con-
duet the trial. This Company has recently petioned
the Common Council for Steam Fire Engine and
viii improve Tie opportunity presented by its trial be-
fore tie City Officials to test the adaptation OF this
partcula. iur1n Of engine to their wants.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

The telegraph informed yesterday that the
Hibena Steam Fire Engine Company had postponed
their visit to New-York. This is a mistake. They
viii arrive here tomorrow evening.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-11-05

Tue LATE WILLIAM JAY.--At meeting oi the
Vestry and congregation Of the Protestant Episcopal
Church Of the Messiah, IN the City of New-lsrH, on
the 10Th day of October, Ss the following resolutions
were unanimously adopted:
F,.lret That While feel 20 b. duty AZ al times To
Boa in humble .bu the vii Of Him IN whose hsnds
OF life and Of death We cannot but lament aed
De. ply the recent decease Of the Hon William Jay.
Efstcd Ths the desih OF eminent person tee com
mury ba. Of s nanenis The judiciary one
of abest eSpounders the law the Church Of II, uo
pousnd the impressed the down troden sad the enASe
one Of their sinceres, friends and snes, advocates
Resssi That I've sincerely aud deyouty nore and pray ''
his cxanple opposition 20 the antiChntsa INSTITUTION et
Slavery viii BE- initiated by others until oar entire country a
practically c.ry the principle recorded in our American
Dclar.on OF udeper ..ic- namely: That s men sre born
eqea and endowed with certain nAensbe rights among
" which are lie. LIBEsTY aud the pursuit OF happiness. ,
R.ed That copy II these resolutions be presented 20 Tue
relatives the deceased token Of sympathy in heiT be-
resyemeri. =. =,
Re.olrd Tbs, these resolutions be printed in Tue " T.
TRisVAE P,of,silnt ChurAndn and int sarey standard
(signedl WIN. 4. TYSON Chairman
CHARLys HosToN. jr. Warden
fNoTg-The Protestant ChurchnGF refused 20 PRINT the
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1858-06-17

4 HERD OF ELEPHANTs-The elephants
came nearer and nearer We discharged our
rifles in the air, the Bedouins, applying the
bucklers to their lips, giving utterance to cries
reverberatng i'll the most terrific manner
There was a moment Of silence, as though the
monstrouS herd had hcsitated soon it resum-
ed its course, and overwhelmed the spot We
had Just quilted like torrent whose every
drop should be a gigantic block of bGs L.
The valley was too narrow for this huge pro-
cesSon of creatures pushing against each other
with terrific snorts, and violent blows of trunks
reSounding from each Others hides. Their
tread shook the earth, the upturned forests
bowed beneath their feet, and enormous branch
es split with a terrible crash. The air whs-
tied with the oscillations of the summit Of the
trees, the roosting birds were hurled from their
pcrcheS like bullets from sling. The hyena
and jackaII fed with yeils of terror The rc-
ports Of onr rifles might have been taken for
signal guns half drowned in a storm When
we resumed our route next morning, our path
was interrupted at each step by fallen tree
enormous branches hanging by strips, threat
eucd to fall on us at every instant. Wherever
the gigantic herd had passed, the valley SEEM
ed devastated by the fury of q tempest
"reminiscences Of Tfarel IN A6yssinia.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1858-06-17

TIE USEFUL AND THE BEAUTIFCL,-The tomb
of Moses is unknown but the traveller slakes
his thirst ut the we'll of JACOB. The gorgeous
palace of the wisest and wea Ithiest of mon
archs, with the cedar, and ivory, and even
the great temple at Jerusalem, halowed By the
visible glory of the Deity himself, are gone (;
but Solomon's reservoirs are as perfect as ever
Of the ancient architecture Of the Holy City
not one stone is left upon another bnt the
pool of Bethesda commands the pilgrims rev.
erence at the present day The columns at
PersepoIis q re mouI ering into dust but its
ciste-ns and aqueducts remain to challenge our
admiration. The golden house of Nero is
mass of ruins Aqua Claudia still pours into
Rome its 'impid stream. The temple of tbs
sun at Tadmor in the wilderness has fallen
but its fountain sparkles in its rays, as when
thousands of worshipers thronged its lofty COL
onnades 1t may be that London will share
the fate of Babylon, and nothing be left to
mark its site save mounds of crumbling brick
work. The Thames will continue to flow as
it does now. And if any work of art should
rise over the deep ocean of time, we may
we'll believe that it will be neither a palace
nor q temple, hut some vast aqueduct or
reservoir and if any name should fash
through the mist Of antiquity, it will be that
of the man who sought the happiness of his
feIIow-men rather than glory, and linked MEM
ory to some great work of national utility or
beneYoence. This is the true glory which
outlives all others, and shines with undying
lustre from generation to generation, imparting
to works something of its own immortality
and rescuing them from the ruin which over
takes the ordinary monume ents of historcalitra-
dition or mere magniGcerce.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1858-06-17

eCPFRABUNDANT DELcACY The Detroit
iart'tl'er spins a tolerably good yarn upon
Us subject. We like moderation in all things,
lseIt don't fancy combating with the stu
.at! gnorant, or being victimized by the ver-
oage Of the over refined. The excessive deli,
''! Of the young lady referred to, met with a
q! proper rebuke. Here is the Adrertiser'S
eSon of the affair
Mss PRm Rosa story is told of a
H'9e young lady of peculiarly strong smelling
%liieS, on the Detroit and Milwaukee cars,
y ne other day, with Conductor Norris. At
oatac a gentleman well known to Norris,
!" aboard, and took seat Immediately op,
9Sie nice, sensitive young lady. He was
51ucted to the use of tobacco, and was en-.
.'a'oflng to break himself of the habit ; so he
SsPI an pnhghted cigar in his mouth. When
."Fs came along to collect and examine tick
y the young lady very pettishly requested
su 70 have that man stop putting his nasty
.oqr, Or put him out Of the cars" Why
raaaTne, said Norris, blandly, the cigar is
W. W. 4sated." We'll, it has been," she snap
~ out, and he has been putting his nasty
~SSe ok in my face"
Norris reached around, took the cigar frou
~ ~ lflend'S mouth, and presenting it to Mad
~ s4t Squeamish quietly asked, Which enc
II was lighted, madame p There was 6
,nsEaI ,.n roar among the passengers, and tht
''lag lady wiIted"
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1858-06-17

ABOUT GARTERs.-A lady correspondent of
the Milwaukee Wisconsin discusses the garter
question with familiarity with the subject 10
which few gentlemen can lay claim. We think
her argument settles the question. She says
" You will take notice, Ut will be quite as
well to take your word-DerH,) that just above
the knee there is no hollow or depression i'll
which q garter could be retained no projection
on which it could be made to hold. The &C.
ton Of the muscles in walking would surely dis.
place an elastic put there, as they project quite
as far if not beyond the knee pan, and would
therefore canse it to slide dOwnwards until ar
rested by the swelling muscle that forms the
calf of the leg. As legs were made before
stockings, we can hardly suppose that this hol-
low was purposely for elastic, but whether it
was or was not, We make use of it as the pro-
per place TO attach our garters to keep our
stockings in place while on promenade. This
is the only spot where garters can be retained
with any comfort, the spot designated 10y Ma
ture and made use Of by ladies who have we'll
formed limbs. Those women who resemble
men in their shape may perhaps tie their garter
above tie knee, but they are exceptions TO the
general rGIe."
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1858-06-17

Rey~ Love is ingenious in reasons, or at least
in pretexts Sometimes they are very fimsy
ones Every body remembers the young lady
who assigned as reason for getting married,
that she thought wedding in the family would
"amuse the children" Here is another little
humOug, equally speciouS.
Bridget" said a young lady to her servant
Bridget Conley, "who was that you were
talking with so long, at the gate, last night p
"Sure, no one but me eldest brother, ma am,
replied, Bridget, with a flushed cheek. Your
brother, didn't know you had a brother
What is his name ?" Barney Octooain-
ma'am." " Indeed how comes it that his
name is not the same as yours % Troth,
ma'am, replied Bridget, "he has been married
once.o
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1858-06-17

RS EVERY man has at times in his mind the
idea of what he should be, but it is not This
ideal may be high and complete, or it may be
quite low and insufficient yet in all men that
reality seeks to improve. Perhaps no one ia
satisfied with himself, so that be never wishes
to be wiser better and more holy. Man never
falls so low that he can see nothing higher than
himself This ideal which we project, as it
were, out Of ourselves, and seek to make real
this wisdom, goodness, and holiness, which
we can aim to transfer our thought to our lfe
has an action more less on each man. rend er-
ing him dissatisfied with his present attain.
ments, and restless, unless he is becoming bet
ter With some men it takes the roses out Of
the cheek, and forces them to wander long
pilgrimage Of temptations before they reach
the deectabe mountains of tranquility, aud
Gud rest for the soul, Under the Tree Of Life
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1858-06-17

The DANGERS OF Observation-Disclosures is
one of the vices from which those whomit once
nfects are seldom reformed. Every other
species of luxury operates upon some appe-
tite that is quickly satiated, and requires some
concurrence of art or accidence which every
place will not supply ; the desire of ease acts
equally at all hours, and the longer it is indul-
ged is the more increased To do nothing is
in mans power; we can never want an oppor-
nifty of omttng duties. The lapse ofindolence
is soft and imperceptble, because it is only a
mere cessation of activity but the return to
diligence, is difficult, because it implies a
change from rest to motion, from privation to
reality.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1858-06-17
sg~R ~Religiion is not perpetual moping over

sg~Religiion is not perpetual mopinc over
good books Religion is not even prayer.
praise, holy ordinances-these are necessary
to relgon-no man can be religions without
them Bat religion is mainly and chiefly the
clarifying Of God amid the duties and trials
of the world the guiding our course amid
the adverse winds and currents of temptations
by the starlight of duty and the compass Of
divine truth the bearing rs Inanfuly, wisely.
courageously through for the honor of Christ,
our great Leader, in the conflict of life
Card
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1858-06-17

- Judge p, of Indiana, has his eccentri-
SUSs ! y but an abler jurist can scarcely be found
M.Ll ! Sae west. A young windy lawyer was once
y. SaA!nS plea in mansaugnter case before
!, SS y Judge. The lawyer talked beautifully, but
". puG 70 t touch the points in the case. AS he
a. a. ABOUT ABOUT closing the Judge asked him which
,sopL nj us was on. The defence, your honor !"
nSn DSn'o the astonished lawyer. TheD," said
ny +, why the dcnce dont't you say so ?"
'u' Is strictly true.
Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1858-06-17

Coon AND EvIL-It is curious to observe
how good and evil are merely harmonious qu-
alities. Thus health is the regular and har-
monious function Of every part Of the physical
organization, while illness is a morbid or ire
gular action. Doing good is the result Of men
tai health, and in the same way, crime arises
from an inharmonious action Of the mental or
gans. Wickedness of all kinds may be clsssed
as moral insanity" in fact, but is none the
less deserving Of punishment.