The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1858-07-07


which shall have passed the House of IicpreSen-
taliyes and the Senate shall, before it becomes
a law be approved and signed by the PreSi.
dent and, if not approved, he shall return it
with objections to that house in which it Origi-
mated In order to perform this high and reSpon-
sible duty, sufficient time must be allowed the
President to read and examine every bill pre-
sented to him for approval. Unless this he
afforded, the cnnstiiion becomes dead letter in
this particular; and even worse, it becomes u
means of deception. Our constituents, seeing
the Presidents approval AMI signatures attached
to each act of Congress- are induced TO believe
that he has actually performed this duty, when,
in truth, nothing is, in many cases, more un-
founded.
From the practice Of Congress, such an ex
animation of each bill as the constitution
requires has been rendered impossible. The
most important business oil each session is gen
orally crowded into Its last hours, aud the al
tentative presented to the President is either TO
violate the constitutional duty which he owes 10
the people, and approve bills which, for want O.
thine, it is impossible he should have examined
Dr. by his refusal to do this, subject the country
and individuals to great loss and Inconvenience.
"BesideS, a practice has grown up Oflate years
to legiSac in appropriation bills the last hours
Of the session on new and important subjects.
This practice constrainS the President either to
suffer measures TO become laws which he does
not approve. or to incur the risk Of stopping the
wheels of the government by vetoins an appro-
priatiOn bill Formerly, such bills were conf
ned to specific appropriations for carrying into
effect existing laws and the well.e established
policy of the country, and little time was then
required the by President for their examination"
Conservative men ofall parties have express
cd their appreciation ofthce sentiments, and it
should be cause of graduation with all that the
President has adhered to them with SO much
firmness anl courage. His course at this session
hts savel l millions of dollars that would have
been usclcssly expended. 1t has given to tho
country cleaner appropriation bills than We have
heretofore had during my service in Congress.
He has in this respect inauyuratci policy
that will inSnre results important to sounl leg
islation, an of lasting benefit to the people 1t
Is practical measure, well calculated to bring
about much needed economy in public expen-
diturcs For it he deserves the thanks Of the
people, and they will be greatfully accorded
So true n friend to economy has the PrcSi-
dent shown himself, and so anxious is he to Sc
cure it in his administration of the government,
that he has again, this day, in special message,
endeavored to impress upon Congress his views
on this interesting subject. Who can fail TO
endorse these sentiments in his special message?
Who can hesitate to accord to them his entire
approval?
| "Adversity teaches useful lessons to nations
as we'll as individuals. The habit of extrava-
giant expenditures 0sered by large surplus in
the treasury must now be corrected or the coun-
try will be involved in serious financial diff
culties
Under any form Of government extrava-
gance in expenditure must be the natural con
sequence when those who authorized the expcn
piture feel no responsibility in proving tho
the means of payment Such had been fer a
number ofyears our condit; on previously to tht
late monetary revulsion in the country. Fortu
nately, at least for the cause of public economy
the case is now reversed; and to the extent
the appropriations, whatever these may be, en-
grated on the different appropriation bills, as
well as those made by private bills, over and
above the estimates the different department. Il
it will be necessary for Congress to provide the
means ofpaymcnt before adjournment With.
out this, the treasury will be exhausted before
the first of January, and the public credit will
be seriously impaired. This disgrace must not
fall upon the country"
The gentleman, then, charges that the expen
ditures now are extravagant beyond all proce
dent, and that they are wholly inexcusable up
on any fair ground. Before proceeding to rcpl.
to the views which he presents in this part o
his argument, l desire to call attention to SOM
historical facts that are important in this con
nexion, and which are indispensable to corrcc
judgement upon the issues he has rendered.
And, first, as to the number OF States and or
ganized Territories, and their area, in 1876 ant
the number OF States and Territories, and thei
area, in 1853 At the former period we ha'
eighteen States covering an area of 504,41
square miles, and five organized Territories
exclusive of the District Of Columbia, cover
ing an area Of 254,425 square miles. In 1885,
we have thirty-two States, covering an area q
1902 900 square miles, six organized Terrific
ries, exclusive Of the District Of Columbia COZ
sring an area of 1 401 900 square miles. Beside
this, we have the Mesilla Valley, eihbracin
$4,000 square miles, and the Indian Tcrritor,
embracing $4,000 square miles. In 1915
therefore, the States ane Territories coverc
+ 75s, ,89i square miles, while in 1858 they cove
3,298,000 square miles, an area four times an
|, Ia tho,, ~
In ISL? the strength ofour army was 1000
men, while in 1858 its strength is 1904 mel
In 1858 the nay comprised 06S officers, ofa
grades, (inJluding marnes.) In 1858 the office
hal increased to 1885, In 1853 the unmber
mon cannot he ascertained, but from the be
| evidence that can DO obtained, the number W,
about 5,37O Now the number is $500.
1926 we had so vessels, carrying 1l19 gun
a5 vessels with no armament; bombs, and
gun-boats making &c. In 1858 we have 10 Shi
oi.the line, carrying 87s gunSs 10 frigatos. ca
/ rying 5000 guns; u sfoops.orwar. carryh
Acc guns; 8 bfigs, carrying 16 guns; schoon,
& carrying 4 guns; s schrw-steamers Of the fir
class, carrying 26S guns; s ofthc second elias
carrying 80 guns; 2 Of the third class. carryil
II guns; 3 sidcwhel steamers Of the first elias
carrying "a guns; fthe second class, carryii
' guns; Of the third class carrying 0 gu
: making total Of 2,22l guns. Besides the
= there are two tenders for the screw. steamer
: and one tender for tho side. wheel steamers, az
] ave permanent store and receiving ships.
Capt Wright Of tho Engineer Departmer
,, to whom applied for information on the su
1 jeot Of OrtiftatioAs. says,
Y al ain not aware ofany records in this off
0 giving the number OF fortihcations In the Ur
a tad ktatas in IaSa and halipvA IL wntilA ha