New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-06-07
CANADA.
TIE HupsoN's BAY coMPANY-CoAL-
IsrER-COLoNIAL RAILROAD.

non WI TORONTO, June 2, 1853
vNa Canadian Government Is s>out 10 aim
a.,S,, blow at the trading monopoly OF the Had
.ons Bay Company. seres Of resolusoos on tne
,ubieet Of the territories in POSSESSION OF the CON-
,.nv h.s been introduced into the Legislative
Assembly by the Provincial Secretary. They
embrace numerous litgated poiDts; bat their great
feature IL the proposal to break IN upon the trading
monopoly Of the Company. IL is the opinion Of
several Of the mott eminent Eog6sh lawyers that
monopoly Of trade, being contrary TO publ policy,
i. void and cannot be sustained. Ga this principle
the Canadian Government is evidently preparing 10
sct. This opinion has been gi7en professionally BY
Lord Brousham, and privately by Sic Richard
Bethel late Attorney General under the Pal nerston
Government. The question of tfadiag inonop ~
10 in no wsy connected with the Ownership of the
sell, except that IL the Company should be declared
by competent tribunal TO be absolute proprietors
Of the soil Of Ruperts Land, they might have the
right 10 keep of trespassers In that case, oil that
would be necessary would be to establish trading
costs on the borders of the COmpaDy's territory,
and trust 10 the Indians coming to supply them
with furs The proposal Of the Canadian Govern
meut however, is more simple enc, aud goes
more directly 10 the point. IL IL that the Imperial
Government or the GovernOr-Generalo OF Canada shall
have authority 10 grant licenses h. trade IN any por-
ton Of the territories in possession OF the Company.
Pie conditions 10 be attached to such Licences are
only necessary precautions for the protection OF the
lpdans--the Tohlbition to cell spirits % them or
60 treat them Improperly or unkmdy. lhat the
Legislature will adopt this proposal there is not me
least doubt; ind when the address enoodyiDg II
reaches the Imperial Government, there is little
=. L. Il no. nlttn IN
question embrace several other points; but none OF
them is Of equal importance with this. One de-
clares the expediency of submitting to the Prlyy
Council in England, the question OF disputed b0un-
dairy between the territory covered by the Com
pany's charter and this Province, and throws out
hint that if the Imperial Government should refuse,
~ the Palmerston Cabinet did in the most pointed
manner, to call in question the validity OF the char
ter, Canada will bring it 10 a test that shall for
ever decide its merits. At the same time, the
opinion is strongly expressed that Canada has
right 10 request the Imperial Government TO
bring TO decision the long. standing dispute as
70 the validity of this charter. In case of the
renewal of the Companys license of trade
ever New Caledonia, which expires in 1853, this
Government claims that it shall be on the
condition that the Company shall give up any
portions Of the territory, at any time, II they
are required for colonization, as well as any por-
tons OF their chartered territory, when required
clareA valid. Canada will refuse to pay for any
portions of territory given up by the Company;
and it 10 proposed that, instead, the Company may
be allowed to dispose of any portion OF the land
which they may have built upon or improved.
There are other proposed resolutions on the same
subject; but as these III the hands Ofpryate menu
bers one of whom is in opposition TO the Government
there is no prospect Of their being carried. The
Company is not loved and finds no defenders in the
Canadian Parliament When their trading monOp-
oily 10 destroyed, it is certain before long to be-
their charter will be of little avail 1t has only been
valued for trading purposes, and when their mo-
bopOy Of trade, from which the Company has
drawn it's splendid revenue, is at an end, the bar
rem wastes aud rocky surface of their territory will
be Of small value TO them. All the fertile portions
OF Red River and Saskatchewan Valley VIII be taken
for colonization; and these distant prarles, over
when a carriage can be driven for SIX OF seven
hundred miles at a stretch, VIII soon become
pojpt of attraction as the seat Of new and thriving
colony.
For two or three weeks past, the question
whether Canada is q cOal-bearing country has been
hotly disputed Sir William Logan, the Official
geoloest at whose disposal the Legislature places
500 Geo year, in order to enable HIM to prosecute
q survey of the Province, has long since committed
himself 10 the portion that there is and can be no
coal in Canada. In this opinion he is backed by
Professor Croft of Toronto University, and several
other biologists. In the face OF this theory, thus
supported by strong array OF authority IL is
inserted that coal has been discovered at Bow
Evansville, about forty miles east OF TINS cIty al
n depth of $50 feet below the surface. An English
miner came out last Fall, and from certain indca-
tieps on the surface and in the water insisted that
coal was 10 be found and offered 10 work, " no
cure no pay" till it was found. Alter sinking
shaft 60 feet deep, and boring 80 feet more, with
three Inch auger, be came upon bed oil what mas
all the appearance and qualities of the best coal.
A utx-a m Str m
pronounced it genuine Newcastle; another was
sent 10 Professor Croft, and he declared that 1t
was not coal at all. New-lOrk geologlst
IL also said to have pronounced 1t better coal
than any produced in the United States; bat
when told that it was taken out OF the earth IN
Canada he incredulOusy exclaimed that 1t was I'M
possible Sir William Logan has given no public
IN PLANTATION of the matter; and although he has
twice passed within half mile OF the place where
the reputed coal was taken out, lie did not delgu
TO call and examine into the matter.
Another shaft is to be sunk and Wig
lance committee is to watch the progress OF the
work day and night, to see that no fraud is COM
mitted That there has been any hoax or fraud IN
the matter so far there not the least reason for
believing The substance, whatever 1t may be,
was beyond all question taken out OF the earth as
is alleged The enigma will soon be solved, whether
Or not the biologists have been right IN asserting
that no coal exists or exist III Canada If there
10 not coal there is something so much like 1t that
it is impossible to tell the difference.
The scheme of an intercOOnial railroad, which
shall have its Atlantic terminus at Halifax, Nova
Scotia, has been revived. Some years ago the
British Government promised TO guarantee the
capital necessary for the construction of the road,
and Il line was actually surveyed by Major Robinson;
but some difficulty arising about the route to be
followed Earl Grey drew back from the promise
he had made. Last Summer some correspondence
passed on the subject between the Governments o.
Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, and the