The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-12-19

w Ohk LEX a LII, SCI
bad determined upon, III order not 70 exhibit
post vc disbelief In their assurances; but Che
authorized announcement, on the foor Of Con.
gress, that negotiations are now pending, proves
that there is no union Of policy between the
Cabinets. The republics Of Central America
have hitherto resisted the insidious attempts Of
English diplomacy to eliminate their territorial
sovereignty, because they counted upon tue
countenance and moral support of the United
States in defending their rights. Ir The same
diplomatists can now make those republics
believe that the United States government has
abandoned its former high ground and united
with England and France in the policy they wish
TO enforce upon Central America, they may
indece Nicaragua and Honduras to accept the
imposed conditions regarding Mosquito and the
Bay Islands, which have been hitherto 50 peril
naciously rejected. But we unhcsltatngly assert
that there bas been no abandonment By this
government of the high position it has hitherto
held in regard to Central America. aud our
belief that the story Of a united policy between
the United States, England and France has
been promulgated with sinister dcsgnR
The Revival NJ Trade with the Pacihc-Sayy
the Guans Monopoly Affects It.
Among the evidences Of the revival OF trade,
one Of tho most prominent is that presented by
the increased activity noticed in the export trade
for the Pacific. Both in this country and i'll
England, the offerings for shipment and the rates
Of freight have exhibited marked increase re-
Gently, and there is every reason to believe that
the new activity in this branch ofcommerce rests
upon q healthy and permanent foundation.
In the present depressed condition of the ship
ping interest, the signs of an Improvement in auy
quarter are hailed with satisfaction, and the at
tention Of our commercial community is largely
drawn to every circumstance connected with the
distribution and employment of ships The i'm
provemcnt noticed in the demand for the Pacific
has encountered great indispostion among
shipowncrs TO send their vessels there in conse-
qu,nce Of the absence Of return rei hts. Neither
the western poris Of America nor the eastern
ports of Asia present any hopes of return cargoes
According TO late number of Mitchells Maritime
Register, the amount Of tonnage unemployed and
waiting for freight in the Eastern ports at the
middle Of September was as follows
China and Manila Observation-Disclosures. I91 81 tons
Calcutta and bombay. .................. 1873
Cleared rscm. England between lst Angus.
anc 3lst ,rtober Observation-Disclosures 3022i
Vessels on the berth. 697ss
Coal loading Or To be shipped. 10000
Total. NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. 6ls, -, tons
10 tits W may add that at the same time
fbare ac ,,paynninvaa IN, fha Wactaru rnrtc IF
America, between Valparaiso aud San Francisco,
100, 900 tons, Of which fully two-thirds were on
The coast o, Chile and Peru, vainiy seeking re-
turn charters of guano; and cleared from this
side for Pacific ports, in the last four months
$4,000 tons. These make an aggregate OF IN
employed shipping IN the Pacific ocean, ex-
elusive Of those that have obtained h0meward
freighte, Of more than 10000 tons, valued at
not less than thirty millions of dollars
One of the greatest, and we may say the prin-
cipal source OF return employment for our ships
in the Pacific, is the transportation Of euano
from the Chincha Islands to the United States
and Europe; but the peculiar monopoly main
tanned by Peru, not within her own territory
but in tho=e OF other nations makes even
this source Of employment disadvantage
rather than favor A little circumstance
which has just transpired in commercial cir
Giles illustrates this. Letters received by the
last steamer from Europe announce that the
English agents Of Peru, after being long out OF
the market, are now Offering twelve dollars per
ton freight for guano from the Chinchas, but that
these offers cannot be extended To American
vessels IN cur ports, because Of an understanding
with the agents Of Peru here which inhibits tie
English agents from ohartcring our vessels
Here we find the Peruvian monopoly extending
clr beyond the limits Of Peru, and exercising a
taneiul influence upon our commerce. This
influence il extended no. Only into The frcigLting
interest, but into all the operations Of the guano
trade, and its sale and Gistrbatioa in the Goa
Stunning countries to the great increase Of cost 10
the consumer, and without any corresponding
benefit to the government of Peru A few
figures will make this clear. Mr.. DC Osma states
in letter which was laid before guano con-
veution at Washington in June, 1856, that the
guano sent 20 the United States yielded TO Peru
only sI4 05 per ton. II We add TO this sum the
freight Of sig, and 81 per ton incidental ex-
yenEes and commissions, it becomes evident that
Tie guano can be laid down in our ports for $50
per ton. The wholesale price at which it is sold
in our markets. SEQ per ton, showing difference
Of $50 per ton--twice what Peru gets for it
that goes into the pockets Of somebody standing
between Peru and the American consumer.
There can be no valid objections against the
right q the government of Peru TO set what
price she pieases upon her guano in her own ter