Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1858-03-31

.hoae would nav larger sdiyidss ID. THE Reading
asd is % miles losg end post equipped above $2p.
pa, 600 or $500 coo PER pile and yet it easnsfn
e nss thar ST. g e @e soss !.
III proninent roads in New York, which are not !
iCoalroads the n Y. Central and the Erie.
Track Of n. Y. Central cost per mile ss4 4ass
Reading, double sl65, 900, single 10000
* In 1857 the Centr. transported 60 7a tons, the
Erie S42, 054 and the Reading 1897 .SOS TONS The
length of the Central IN 800, Of the Erie AGO. Of the
Reading 90 niles This tonnage sfnc:udes way and
through freight; that is, every ton moved, be the
distance LONG or short; and on the two first roads
thu way freight was about times as much as the
through freight making in fact each Of those roads,
~ compared with the Reading. separate roads,
connecting populous towns, and running through q
highly cultivated country. And yet the Reading
Road, because it runs to a Coal field, transported
twice rs many tons as one of them, and more than
three times as many as the other; and compared
with equal length of the other roads it transport
ed times many tons one and IL times as
many as the other But for the Coal the Reading
Road could not be run for months; in fact, but
for the Coal the road would never have been built
for there is other trade or business in this
country that would justify the building Of a road at
such cost. And yet because of the Coal this road
i able to earn q fair interest on its immense COST
Competing as it does mile for mile with the very
best lock and dam navigation yet constructed. If
per mile, and running but months in the year, can
earn an interest of even per cent, what dividends
may we not except from our road having, as it WILL
the same kind of freight. running the whole year,
and costing (or the track) $4,000 per mile?
The questions have been asked-will all this coal
be sent to market? Where can a market be found?
Can it be furnished at a price that will ensure its
use? In answer to the last inquiry it is enough to
say that the Deep River Coal is to the Ocean,
and can be put on shipboard cheaper than any coal
sIo nfnsn In TO III ofho
questions let look for moment at the history of
the Coal trade Of Pennsylvania.
In 1920 the first Anthracite was sent to market,
800 tons. In 1888, 1s years AFTER $4,000 tons. In
1885, after another 10 years, the amount exceeded Z,
100000 tons and it is at all likely that this rate
of increase will diminish for many years. In fact,
much the greatest increase has been within the last
years. Up to that time, the of coal on steam
boats was scarcely known; it was thought impracti-
cable for them to use coal. Now all steambats use
it where it can be had and since it has been demon
strated that Ocean Steamers can be used the amount
consumed by steamboats, will be doubled in the
next 10 years. At this day the use of coal for Lo-
comotves is in its infancy In ten years the amount
used Railroads will equal that used on steamboats,.
1t must be So for the forests the Atlantic States
cannot much longer supply the vast amount of
wood required even by the roads now built The
amount of wood consumed by Railroads is almost
Incredible.
In II States from Maine to Maryland inclusive,
there were in 1866 according to the report of the
Secretary Of the Treasury 10 491 miles of road in
operation, which the mileage Of passenger trains
Oats. 533. That of freight trains is not given
but it is fair to presume that it was much-t was
so on the New York Central last year-making for
both 40 $50 600: to which add 10 per cent for the
annual increase, and the probable mileage for 1857
was 1913 600. The superintendent on the New
York and Erie road reported in 1856 that one cord
of wood was consumed for every 273 miles rum
But allow 80 miles to the cord and there were con-
sumed in 1857 1880 600 cords: or pile feet high,
wide, and $500 miles long or, If the years sup
ply had been laid in at one time, and distributed
along the roads. there would have been at each mile
post pile more than quarter Of mile long
This gives some idea of the amount of fuel re-
CURED by these roads and being in old and thickly
settled States the supply must soon fall Even now
the price of wood is SO high averaging about IS
per cord) that very few of the roads can make div.
dends. They must find a cheaper fuel or their
stocks will continue to dePreciate. Coal is the only
substitute, and why should it not be used? Why
has it not been usedr All the roads in England use
bituminons coal, or coke made from it, and that
must be the reason why some of the English roads
are run at an expense for fuel of cents per mile
while the expense the New York Central
last year was % cents per mile rum Many of the
roads at the North are aware of the difficulty. and
are experimenting on Coal. So far experiments
show that anthracite is not adapted to Locomotives
or rather, that Locomotive has been adapted to
the of anthracite. Prof Silliman says of -
mo fuel in the world be compared to it for the
purposes for which it is especially adapted but is
not adapted for Locomotive steam use.' Railroads
then must look to bituminous and semi bituminous
coal.
OF the first, Pennsylvania produces none this side
of the m ountains. That produced by Maryland has
to be transported 200 miles by Railroad to Balt-
more. Deep River Coal with AZ miles Of Railroad
is brought as near the Ocean as the Cumberland
Coal is at Baltimore, and is of better quality. Penn
syvana produces semi bituminous Coal, but that
has to be transported about 200 miles by Road
Deep River also produces the semi bitumnous, and
43 miles of road will take it to free navigation
These two States will be chief competitors in
supplying the Locomotives of the Atlantic States
with fuel, and from them we have nothing to fear
And when it is remembered that the vast and rapid
increase in the consumption OF Coal was prior to
and independent of its extensive use for steam pur
poses, and before its for Locomotives has begun,
there certainly can be no danger of Cutting the
market with any quantity that Deep River can pro-
duce, or our road can transport.
The Iron to be produced on Deep River is another
source from which road is to derive its reights
Will there be demand for it? Can it be made and
transported at price that will pay? Look for a
moment at the Iron trade of the country.
The total consumption and manufacture of Iron
in the United States in 1910 was $685. 1895, 69l. In
1850 it was 1906 32. For 1856, estimated at
rate of increase, 500, $685. 7l. The produc.
ton of Iron in 1866, the ratio of increase
as between 1910 and 1850, would have been 7O0,-
600 tons; whereas, the actual production was 1OO0
600 tons" Showing that the demand and ratio Of
increase not falling off but improving With
this ratio of increase there certainly will be de-
mand for all the Iron Deep River can produce, or
our road transport. And it will be produced if we
anybody else will take it to market. Prof. EN-
mons and other scientific gentlemen have demon
stated that other section Of the country
greater if great natural advantages for produc-
ing Iron.
In connection with the demand }or Iron and Coal,
the following extract from an English writer may
not be out of place. He says" About 400 Iron
furnaces of Great Britain consume annually TO-.
OO0, 600 tons Of Coal and 1000 100 tons Iron in