The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-10-18
NEWS FROM THE SOUTH PlrIFlC.

! NENN HhUH HE NUl IL FlIlt IL,
! The steamship New Granada reached Panama on
the 2lst of September, with the South Pacific mails
! passengers, SilS94O in treasure, and one hundred
and twenty-five bales of merchandise on freight.
Among her passengers were John Whuelwrirht.
Esq, of Valparaiso and Capt. PaIkinghorn, of her
Britannia Maiesty's steam sloOp tender CoCkatric ,
en- route for England
ii. b. NJ $ sloop-of-war Cockatrice has been con-
demned at Callao, and sold for Ct I40. She was
bought by Mr.. Robinett, and is intended to take
passengers to Frazer river.
The officers and of the Cockatrice were
transferred to the frigate Ganges, and the latter
vessel had sailed for Vancouvers Island
The dates are Valparaiso September l, and Callao
to September II.
The news from the different republics is uninter-
esting in its character.
CALLAo, Sept. u. 1858
Since closing my letter the English mail steamer
Bolivia. arriving from Valparaiso brings news of
most important character. Echnique, who has
been an exile in Chile, and is properly the Pres-
dent de Hre, of Peru since the period for which he
was elected, near six years ago. has not yet expired
has collected a company of partizans at Valparaiso
also arms and munitions of war; and at the time of
the Bolivia's sailing he was preparing to embark
on board schooner, with his followers with des-
tlnatlOn for Arlca port on the coast of Southern
Peru, where a large number of persons were anx-
iously awaiting his arrival in order to ion hscause
The correspondence of Echinique has been inter-
cepted from which his intentions of returning were
discovered. Gen. Castillo is in suspense in refer
ence to the approaching storm, having requested an
interview with Capt. johnson, who commands the
Bolivia, in order to ascertain all that was possible
in reference to Echnique's movements. Hence, the
prospective peace upon which the Commercio con-
graduated itself last week. cannot vet be reckoned
among certainties.-Cor. ~ Y Herald.
CHILE.
Congress closed its session on the 3lst August
One OF their last and most important acts was that
of bill authorizing the executive to purchase the
Nalparai also and Santiago Railway shares. Tie, u
reads as follows:
The President of xbe republic is authorized dur
ing the space of six months, to buy up the shares
OF the Valparaiso Railway, in far as the share
holders shall be willing to'sell. In thus purchasing
the shares, the State becomes invested with the
rights and prerogatives of the shareholders whose
shares it purchases, in accordance with this law.
: This first articl& being sanctioned the others are
merely formal, and the project once approved will
be Immediately ratified blythe Senate.
- Prior to the closing of Congress the Government
presented the reports of the Departments of Justice
Worship and Public Instruction.
According to the calculations therein made there
gre in the republic one h<dred and thirty-seven
parishes, and for their support by the State, it
seems that the sun of S5OO,OOO would be re-
quired.
During the year the SUN of sol, $50 has been ex-
pended in repairing and b1ilding churches.
The nation's expense foIA public whorship during
the year amounted to S232.923.
In the Several colleges of higher order in the re-
public 2oG5 pupils EDUCATED at the expense of the
a':; Al:o 900 children 1,4 sexes in the 4ss prt
The Support of these schools cost the annual sum
Of Sl43. 296.
The different classes of'the university attended
by 1853 students.
The teachee school has ninety-four pupils, and
the school of aIts ard trtdes ninety-six,
Gevernment pas JUS. endowed another female
schootfn Colina, and 1popuar library in Nell
piia.
The railway branch Of Copiapo, from Pabellon to
Chanarcllo, is nearly 1inished-tweve miles Of the
line which is to unite the most important mining
centreTbeings ready. Speaking of the railway,
newspaper correspondent says:
On the 29th of July Mr.. Taggert, engineer on
the Cogiapo Railway, made an experimental trip on
the new road which was quite satisfactory and very
interesting.
The engine, with a. pressure of 100 pounds,
doubled Nth ease curves of 500 feet radius and as
ce81ed the planes of that Ine-which have an in
cliGation of I'D to 22l 1eet pS mile-until it at,
tainedrthe terminus, at an e Tation of I,o75 feet
above the level of thesca, |ha is about 900 feet
Austria traIcrsed by thf yNfna and Trieste Rail
way, is supposed to be the highest point cross
ed by locomotiye. This summit about 5000 feet
Ridge, in Virginia, travcrsclbf the Baltimore and
Ohio Railway.is supposed to rank next and has an
elevation of :, 700 teets..
Thehighest point in aeraiIway, Copapo branch,
dJ ABOUT TWO miles from tne present terminus, mas
an elevation OH 40 feet above the level of the sea,
and before the celebration of the next anniversary
of the independence of Chile, the steam engine will
have crossed that height, and the locomotives shr
whistle will awaken the echoes amidst the Atacama
mountains, at elevation of 1,400 to 1000 feet
higher than in any other part of the world.
This fact is worthy of being mentioned in the his
tory OF railway proSress, and leads the speculative
mind to believe fESntime is not very far dis
tant when the locS3s e will find a path across
the Andes, and open new channels Of commerce
and wealth to the nations on both sides.
The organization of body of pilots in the port of
Ancud has been declared, and that of VALPARAISO
has been regulated.
The news lately ly received from the provinces is
rather satisfactory than otherwise.
In the agricultural districts in the South appear
ances are very promising, and it seems that the
crops will be plentiful notwithstanding the excess
sive rain which has fallen.
In Conception, the Municipal body has contracted
for the lighting of the town by gas.
In the German colony of Lanquihue the crops
and all things in general present tattering appear
anccs, and the foundation of the colony was cee-
brated by ball on its last anniversary.
An extensive coal mine has Just been discovered
fifteen miles inland from the port of Ancud, in the
province of Chloe; the owners intend constructing
a small railway from the port to the mine in order
to surmount the difficulties presented by the dis
tance, and for facilitating expectation.
The mines in the north continue more or less fa-
vOrable to the miners.
An American naturalized citizen, by name Will
liam Thomson, Prussian by birth, had been i'm
prisoned in Valparaiso for contempt of court, and
had only been released on making Il suitable
apology. lie tries to make it appear that he
prosecuted on account of his Americanism, but
neither the American Minister nor Consul took any
notice of his case.
PERU.
From Peru we have nothing of Importance.
An africa correspondent writes that trade is very
depressed there account of the unsettled state of
Bolivia, and that the Tacna merchants refusing
to sell on credit.
General Castillo continued to govern the coun-
try as President, and general tranquility existed.
In Lima everything is quiet and trade dull.
The new mole at Pisco is progressing very salts
actorily. Already lS9 feet have been completed. 1t
is to be 2200 feet in length. and built on iron screw
piles imported from England 1t WILL when finished,
be the largest and probably the finest work of the
kind on the Pacific coast
There were forty-one vessels loading at the
Chncha Islands, and forty-two lying in the harbor
of Callao.
MARKETS.
VALPARAISO, Sept. 1.-The extraordinary degree
noted in former review died away towards the
commencement of this last fortnight, at least has
not been marked. In articles Of import, although
transactions were numerous, they almost en-
trely confined to RETAIL and regards the stock
hand. we find it rather incomplete in stuilS and
nothing worthy of mention to note. In exports,
prices have been pretty well kept up, except few
in which the fail has been scarcely felt. The none
tary market continues eXtricating itself from the
many difficulties in which it entangled, so much
so, that while we write payments are far easier and
the interest of money has fallen.
ADDITIONAL FROM CALIFORNIA BY THE STAR