New-York daily tribune., 1858-09-04
TIE STATE OF EUROPE

S~u oss o., Ccn~popoeb-
LONDON, Ffiisy, Aog. ID, i9'es
The put5c scecs1ts Of t.e Austrian Empire
h, 1857 Lave jast eeeo pasii,hed. They sg''a
shes 0 deficiency Of 100000 forms, OF
12l. coo coo; that is to s.y, tbs eI2endi'ose
~ ,srger tls1 tie income By ful one'I1tn'
., By sb,u. le per cent. VIA popa!a-
xoo sr,ouo.pe 70 about 35, ,oOO, 900, OF o1s-:ard
toe,e In Tia. OF the United States, tee eIpsnd-
tu,e 10 sl5O,oOO, eco; accordingly, ve nsy ssy
.A,s lhs Adrips.rs.ioo Of Mr. BIc2s1sn Is j1,t
.seut 20 expensive ss the wors. Europeso Gwen
wsrt. ba,dezed by an im0snss deb. AID
nA;a.a;Iins Al army Of $4,000 men. TIE
Ihliars sn3 Hungsrisns, ground down b5
N unhssrsble taxation, msy comfort them
selves with sae fact that tue Democracy Of
America s just as costly and oppressive as Aus
tran despo.ism. The Austrian deficiency has been
covered BY the Lac. lnstalment Of the so.caed vol
pntary loan and the difficulties of Baron Bruck, the
able Mnt.er OF Finances, VIII therefore begin WITH
ne present year, since taxation cannot be further
increased, while the army must be maintained on
The present runons scale both on account Of the
critical position Of the Turkish Empire and Of the
uLfrieDdly tone Of the Partisan semi-Officsl press
The publicity of the courts OF justice introduced in
Austria il iS4e, and ,till existing, has lately ac-
suainted us with the way in which alarm s created
in despOtic countries. Rumors Of conspiracy in
Gaic.a not long since disturbed the temper Of the
Vienna Court, but the public proceedings showed
up the stupidity Of the police agents. The alleged
conspiracy was got up by eleven students, t1e
youpgest fourteen, the Oldest nineteen years oid;
The revolutionary funds amounted 70 less than one
Ge!lcr, and the only fact By which the conspiracy
exctd attention was the posting OF written land-
kiIl on OF the principal public buildings al Lem,
Derg calling upon the Poles 10 rise, and 70 expel
the Austrians. This ridiculous affair Is treated
seriously by the courts Of justice the chairman OF
the conspiracy has been sentenced 10 dCQtt and the
other boys to prison for FIVE ten and fifteen years.
/, 10 expected that the Supreme Court Of Vienna
viii be wiser, and 0yerrule this DracOnlc decision.
A principal reason Of the discomfort Of the Aus
tran subjects the compulsory service in the army,
which has led to most curious result, VIZ, to an
item Of full H. 600 600 forms, or So 500 600, in the
income Of the State IN 1851, for exemption from
military service, paid by those who drew fatal lots
and were able TO buy themselves OIL Most of them
are Italians. Fears are entertained az Vienna about
great Sayonic conspiracy which extends over
al European Turkey, and whose ranifcations may
have reached Croatia and Bohemia. The center of
tlIs movement 10 in Russia, known 10, and probably
encouraged by the Emperor, though for the present
moment its aim is only the liberation and federation
Of the extra-Russan SlavOnic tribes, not their an
Aexation 10 the greatNorthern Empire. II suits the
foreign policy Of st. Petersburg, since it is emf
Denty anti.Austran and anti Turkish; bat the Car
has too much on his hands now with the emancipa-
ton Of the serfs and cannot yet take the lead n
sueh q farYeaching secret society, modelled accord
ing 70 the famous Hetaria Of 1c2l which led TO the
war Of Greece and TO the revolt Of MOl1O- Walla-
CHA. IL is well known that the principal leaders Of
tDs secret society were Ypsilant, the Aidde.camp,
and Count Capo dIstria the Minister Of Alexan-
GerI.
Az TO The great question Of Emancipation in
Rusts, We must bear in mind that the Russia serf
never WAS entirely enslayed. The fact that the
army ID recruited from among the serfs, and that
they pay taxes, gave the State an interest 10 their
welfare; accordingly the seri could always claim
the protection of the Government officials against
the cruelty Of his master UDhapply for him, the
Government officials mostly belonged to the landed
gentry, and sided with the masters, not with the
strfs Still the serfs were not destitute Of all po-
iitcsl rights. They elected their Aldermen in their
Euttic communities, aud had an absolute right in a
portion Of the territory Of the parish, which could
not be confscated by the landlord. The great
yuttss..iOD which now divides the public in Russia
Is connected with these commons and i. ls not yet
decided whether the scris, by the acl of emancpa-
.6p. ,ball receive their personal, individual free
dom alone, or likewise retain their rQrton of land.
The a1stocraey are inclined TO grant only personal
freedom, and TO confscate the land, that they may
be able to let il to their former sers upon such terms
as they please. The Emperor nclines to this view,
but the more advanced and somewhat suspected
party of patriots, whose exponent is Mr.. Herzen at
London, insist upon emancipation WIN Inc iand, as
the only means to make the serf really free. In the
mean time, the sers begin to be unruly and serious
outbreaks are expected in several portions of the
empire, of purely servile character. The Estho.
nan Provinces and one corner Of Lithuana have
already had taste Of such war, but it has been
suppressed, though too late to save the lives oi
score Of landlords, who were cruelty murdered, and
their castles burned.
The bombardment Of Jiddah by the British steamer
Cycops Just at the time when the Imperial Commits
siOner of the Sultan sent TO punish the mur'
derers Of the Consul was to arrive does not seem to
indicate any peculiar good viii toward the integrity
Of the Turkish Empire, and was certainly an act of
brutality, unless il could be proved that lsmae
Pasba delayed lie arrival A.. &c.