The Middlebury register. [volume] (Middlebury, Vt.) 1850-1882, 1858-07-28
Summer Tour in Europe.

ANopVi1 10 oo w thS E~'Sh hiAOhs - - NNa.-
try: Of course as to that exercised in the
States Of the Church, more special Gu
riosity may be felt. 1t is in the hands Of
that venerable celibacy, 10 some SO august,
to others so prepostsrous, to which sa-
cred subserviency of men has conceded
power and dignity, for the sake Of religion.
1t is exercised then naturally, a. by sups-
riors in right; vicariously even the most
humble of the Popes claims this, a. for
the souls Of his people. This it is, in
principle, by which its abselutism 10 made
secure, yet the sympathies Of society are
no where more intuitively felt than in the
government of the cardinals, and were it
not for its own corruption and moral i'm
beclity, which in the social influence Of
that unnatural religious system is con-
frmed, the claims even Of liberty could
not be made subordinate With the success
sers of the Romans. The cardinals sre
princes a. well as priests, the Pope by
habit and association but their proses,
though by divine pretension their Father
and King,-they feel naturally the social
impulses of Princes of Italy. Nature
herself has not failed to vindicate rights
in which her whole existing system is in
stituted, in favor Of the strength Of ebli.
CATION against the weakness Of restraint
with men, and bring them by innrmity in
to sympathy with those from whom they
were removed by perversity and folly. In
such hands is the power, and the aspiring
Roman, in whose breast the restlessness Of
freedom is throbbing, whose eye it snkin-
die, with courage if not with hope, sees
before him only a carnival Of vengeance
first, when the redemption Of his country
is in view, and the new baptism Of her
degenerate soil in blood Useless too, for
the fraternity Of superstition and the un-
ity Of despotism through the world are
against him. The soldiers Of the new Na-
poleon, the second and easier birth Of po-
litical illegitimacy in France, are added
to the police, Mr.. Bryant says to its ben
eft, of Rome.
Rome, as a city, has IT'S, 900 inhabit-
ants. 1t has q city government, At the
head Of which is SENATOR. appointed for
six years by the Pope. who is aided by .
council of eight conservators and forty
councillors, appointed originally by the Sc
vereign, now elected for six years by their
own body, the term Of one half their mum.
Der expiring every three years: to these
also are added two delegates for each Of
the eleven quarters or wards of the city.
Merely municipal matter, are conducted
by this authority, the police being subject
to the control of the Sovereign. The city
revenues are claimed principally by the
State, say two-thirds of eight hundred
thousand dollars leaving its resources but
too limited for the needful expenditure
upon its numerous squares and streets.
The favorable testimony Of Mr.. BRYANT,
writing few weeks since, still is given to
the regular and striking improvement in
all its ordinary aspects Of the ancient mo
tro7olis, its quite favorable contrast with
Naples for cleanliness and orderlinsss
and its promise for the future.
The States of the Church extend ever
an area Of near 10000 square miles.
about that of Massachusetts, and Vermont.
lying through central Italy 100 miles up
on the Mediterranean and 2l0 miles upon
the Adriatic sea, partially environing
Tuscany at the North West and including
a population OF three millions. The States,
combined at different periods, are divided
into twenty provinces, including the Ca
marca of Rome, six legations and thirteen
delegations, governed by cardinals and
pyelati. There are subdivisions Of dis
tricts and communes. Over the whole
the sovereignty Of the Pope extends, his
election being made by the college Of car
dinsls, seventy in all, the mass Of whom
are Italians, many Of high birth, all Of
whom derive their disappointment from
the Pope, and alone are eligible to the
pspacy. A council Of ministers of state
exists in the usual departments. . share
of whom are lsymsn. Three principal
courts are established, others which are
distributed locally. and all are graduated
with care as to their responsibility. Yet
the clergy are answsrable only to clerical
courts; political offences expose to i'm.
prisonment upon suspicion, and to secret
and irresponsible trials. A power to in
prison summarily for immortality exists
also, in the clerical courts, before which
it is said denunciations are not unfrequent-
ly made from motives Of revenge or ma
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