The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-06-06

AVAD NV. 6S4ls
bAS0N AND DIX0N'S LINE.
~~o~rr~<-~~~o~~~~~~o~-
The Days - Ola 4. Little Ysrk-Lord B~tti-
Dsre and the P.na Family -M~so" add
DAxsH's LhHe-rhe ssar-Gazers' Stone The
Old Survey and the Old Surveyor
Bancroft Corrcctcd-rho Revelation Fort
WashiDgton-COl James ID. Graham's Sur
vsy.
JAMES GORDON BENNETT, ESQ -
&Rfhe late distribution Of the treasury loan brings the
ancient borough Of York, Pennsyvsaia, into
She prominence which Il held nearly century since It's
financial institutions have been awarded large amount
q that loan
In eden days the only OF note west Of the
Eusquehanpa and north Of Baltimore Its inhabitants
were conspicuous for enterprise, intelligence sad refine
nent and msrksbic those old fashioned notions Of
honor and patriotism which we Of TO day. often pirate
81 but seldom practice Toe population Was principally
Of German origin (some Of them from A'zsi, In the Old
rAz Paasinate Of Germany and large proportion Of
Tie Scotch. Ii sn ,mmigrason
York was the homo Of many Of the prominent mon Of
she Revolution such Hon. James Smith, sgusr tho
Declaration Of Independence; Gen. James Ewing. Gen.
Henry Miller, COL Thomas Hartley, Col Robert MPher
son, Maj David Bush, kilie1 at Brandy vine; Maj John
Clark, aid do camp to Gen. Greene, and others.
then known York 70 ~n, Familiarity "Litte
York." distinguish from its greater namesake New
York Tho American Cor gress in session here from
September &c. l777 till June ~, l77s while the British
army held possession Of Philadelphia.
Previous 70 the revo,uton, II noted the centre
where were organized surveying parties who
lines between the provinces Of Maryland and Pennsylva
sia l7oo63, and finally, from 1858 to l76s, aided
n carrying out the decree OF James H. which the bs
ss Of settlement between the conflicting claims Of Lord
BALTIMORE and William Penn 70 the adjoining portions of
tbe above Ismed provinces.
For nearly eighty years. from 1888 to $780, the border
Of these colonies had been wassd with fierce obs
nAcy each sideoa the one the Catholic gentemsn OF
''sy for 81 Nariss On the other, the stern unco
pems pg PuAn shooting - he fought "In the name Of
i. i7aa the Penis began 70 push their settlements ives.
OF Inc Ssquehanns, and laid out Sprngetsbury manor
s which Yoitwo s,uassd), In the prescott county Of
basso grOupo against the spcrt hments then srsa5y
commenced, OF the Basms re eoloDists.
NE famous Caps thomas Cfesap . noted champion
Of maryland in thoee days, end sqaatter Wrehts
Ferry lhe vest bank Of abe Susquehsosa rhe details
sf the celebrated ngh. al that place. OF himself SON.
Ne hmso Chief with The penDsy vAnlans in 1899, In
which lnonas Cressp VA captured, and led, feeered
but defiant captive, in uumphA procession into tancas
ter, pessess . mantle interest
30 serce became the strife the borders Of these
0ensnss thai ~ last 7oo, Frederick, LORD Baltimore
se greet grandson Of Cecilus Caver and Thomas and
EchArd Penn (the granosons Of William PENN each
named ssioDers into effect
executor Of ~h'cn, upon various preex~, had been de-
Ia 1889 ssiou had been organized 70 run
aempnrary lue dividing the PROVINCES, outther abors
paed, and Tho results not
The principal surveyors OF ITo063, appears from
she subscribed day 70 tho minutes file in
bao Mclean the part OF the Penns, and Thomas
nett asd Jonathan Hail the part Of Lora Baltimore
....p ss ger. nycsS:d ne smo51 sn
John ssao'er and william Shsnkland, togother with .
suDbsr Of h'CssDs, - will be further seeo.
The duses OF these surveyors, In scc rdsnce With the
asreemsn Of the Propreaes and the Of James
H. and Of Lord Cpapcelor Hydwcke In 1850, fol-
ss 70 point lindsay between that Cape and the shore
q Chesapeake Bay" tue distance OF this line across
and, Of comse, tbe dktAnos Of tho 'mddle point
nrty four niiss snd $40 perchse
Prom mis- "midos psn,' line TO be northsriy
IN such direction that 10 should be tangent 70 q circle
vhose centre decided be o. the Court
House New Castle Dea ADD whose radius should
Prom NE lang, pom, the nornerly line
NE periphery the circle the line be cootinued
due Dor'h, until should r.ash . poins n,teen Eagsh
o, lsutudo Of ,he southern part Of Philadelphia
Fr m me portnern extremity Of the said doe north rs
ire Gas 20 he run due west, continuing upon parallel
Of Liituee until shs Unite of Pennsylvania and
Mao sboud respectively bo reached, whcn de-
go 10 he I'VE degrees OF Longitude west OF the River
Delaware.
Also that In case said due north line from tangent
shs circle Of Nsv CAsle, shall break in upon the said
circle such much Of the SAID circle shs be
~ the said line shall belong 70 sod be part OF the
county Of New Caste (see CJ Grahsm's report) The
above meni,ore1 norher,y line from the "midde poiat
10 ne ,aseep, rom, wa found be eighty one mles
seventy eight chains and thirty links.
rAe cemmse'oosr. ana surveyors met MNev Castle on
November 1880, ana after wards nenoed
pem SEPARATIONS 10 order TO ASCERTAIN the probable course
Of ne sorthery Inc, they ran duo north experimental
Ins through The forest from tho "midlc poiuv Of the
peninsula (which they had ascsvaned until they arrived
- point ssary opposite New Castle rns line was abb
cs ,hsy we're ALE 20 ca cuare shs approx mate course
G On " nortbery line, which they then proceeded 70 run
from the same 'Biedie point" rhss having surveyed
they nxed The Tangent Point
II 10 EVIDENT that tbcse preliminary operations,
Wy and measuring By chain and cove, rough srouno)
with rod these early surveyors iaborsd usder maay
dssovansecs Born and orousnt up in our forests, IKE
Me youss surveyor George Washington, vhilc they
lacking the necessary mathematical Hnowledge asd
Ne theory and practice o ther profession, shsy
" - simple surveys Of the ssplemeun The compass,
chal ID san we're th-r principal resources When ths
gns :, ssh nes on the psulpsu, we're 70 be run snsr
sr royal t through The forests, they Their s'rashs
s.sn6ss 70 locate The lines between the .s,sbsshsd
points more oarstuy :. some more conve.,ent time.
And thus they established the tangent Point
mi. vcrh occupied thsm for nearly three years But
the msspsss Of the day, IKE many nov days imagined
there rot science and energy enough ~ home, and
So on 9Th August, 1Te3 the Psnns ana Lord Baltimore
smpoyeS IN England Charles Mason and jeremiah Drou
usahsmac'ans and surveyors, W Ake change Of the
vorn they arrived in Phladelpn,a Move uber rs, re-
ved their Instructions from the Commissioner Dscem.
Der o. l1es and proceeded 70 the vors assigned thsm
o nueosicn with Of the old surveyors.
rnsy brought With them full supply Of the best in.
THAI day among oshers for astrouomsssi oh
scvarccs excellent sector Of feet rsdius, uhich
nsgnieed t~enty I've since belonging " Hon Mr..
Psnr Ushs nrst vssh bad the plumb hue passing
ever ssa sisecNng pon, the centre OF the ipstru
wsntn ID They brought also sxceent STANDARD chains,
ans brass STANDARD measure Of Eve feet, provided By
the Royal Society.
Bancroft speaks Of Mason and pron having the
hns IN i7sl II vas not commenced ny tnem hll 1Te4,
and not completed BY them until 1851 and nos finally
marked I'LL lT6s. See Bancroft, vol H., p 3es Tia
hose's address
Mason and DIXON first proceeded 70 detsrmoe the a,i-
tnoe If the point of the city OF Philadelphia
which he north vail Of the house then occupied by
rbomas Pu-ssead and joseph Hudds The south side
Of Cedar street"
III. recorded IN their journal hat In November 1es hsy