Daily national Democrat., 1858-09-22
The worlds Old musty PretudIces,

compassed all nations, are being rapidly
broken down, in the present enlightened age.
1t was only short period ago that the ports
OF the mightiest empires of the East, rich
with their untold treasures and vast mex
haustible resources, such as China and Ja-
pan, were thrown open to the commerce of
the civilized world. Reluctantly and slowly
have they made their CONCESSIONS by
one yielded their ancient, age-nursed preju.
dices, and extended the hand of confidence
and friendship to those long hated and much
dreaded "outside barbarans." The conces-
sious which they have made are but the be-
ginning Of the series of concessions which
they will make hereafter, for, the more
intimate their relations become with out
side nations, the more will they be satis'
fed of the benefits which will accrue to
themselves from such an intercourse. The
papers have already recorded the fact of the
conclusion Of treaty, on the 18th of June
last between the high and mighty Powers
Of China and the Government Of the United
States, through the instrumentality of our
Minister, Mr. Reed The first great conces
sion which strikes the attention in that trea-
ty, is that which permits direct correspond.
ence of the Minister of the United States
with the Chinese Prime Minister at Pekin,
and the right Of an annual visit and tempo.
rary sojourn at the Capital. This opens a
direct official intercourse with the Central
Government, itself, through its Prime Min
lister or Privy Council, instead of with mere
subordinate officials, as heretofore. The
treaty also secures the following advantages,
as stated in a synopsis published by the
" Friend of Man"
Permanent residence at Pekin, if same
privilege is conceded to other powers
Equality of rank in official correspond
ence.
Interviews of Ministers with Governor
General, Governors, DC, always to be at Off
cial esidences-Interviews never to be de-
MED.
Interviews on terms of equality of Naval
Commanders with officials of highest rank
and suppression of piracy.
Right to lease property without any inter
vention of officials. Designation of open
ports, new ones being Swataw and Taiwan
in Formosa, and any other granted to Eng
lish, French or Observation-Disclosures and
trade prohibited-Opium to be
prohibited or allowed according to Chinese
law.
The United States never to pay higher du-
ties than the most favored nation"
Tonnage duties not higher than imposed
on most favored nations double tonnage
dues acknowledgements application of
tonnage dues to beacons, light houses, &c.
Regulation of pilots.
Time Of paying duties; to be paid in Sycee
or foreign money Consuls not to give up
papers before duties are paid.
Immunity of national flag and obligation
of neutrality.
d. Apprehension of mutineers' and deserters,
and punishment of criminals
Exclusive jurisdiction of United States
Authorities over rights and intercourse of its
citizens
Mutual appeals to public officers with COM
plants
Recognition and absolute liberation of
Christianity, and protection of Chinese con
verts.
Comprehensive provision that all rights,
privileges and powers granted to any nation,
its merchants or subjects, whether political
mercantile or otherwise, and not conferred
by this treaty on the United States, shall at
once enure to the benefit of the United States,
its public functionares, merchants or citizens.
Treaty to be ratified within year by
United States, and by Emperor forthwith
The claims for pecuniary indemnity, either
for English, American or French losses
neither admitted nor denied, but referred to
Canton.
Permanent legation of the United States
Minister after settlement of pending ques
lions at Canton, understood to be hereafter at
Shanghae.
1t will be seen that the solution of politi
cal and commercial questions which concern
the Americans will not be absolutely com
plete until the English and French Treaties
are concluded There is no doubt that more
open ports will be conceded to the English
and French, but the Chinese refuse to grant
more at present, though admitting that the
ports open to one nation will be open to all
Such a treaty with such Power, so eau
tious, so isolated, so exclusive, so stepped in
prejudice against everything, of social, po.
litical or religious character, that did not
belong wholly to China, is a consummation
which could scarcely have been hoped for,
ten or fifteen years ago, and in former gen
Grafton would not have been even dreamed
Of 1t is true that the thunder Of French and
English guns has had very decided infu-
ence in preparing the Chinese mind for the
assent which it has given to these treaty
stipulations, but it should be remembered as
well that the manly conduct of America to.
wards China. as exhibited in the intercourse
which we have heretofore had with that
country, has also had its effect The spell of
ages having been thus broken, and the magic
circle entered, it will not be long before
China will awake to the voice of progress
and Improvement which is now startling the
uttermost parts of the earth and the very
islands Of the sea, from their slumbers.
What is it that has done these wonders q?
What is it that is breaking down these old
time barriers, and ameliorating the mutual
enmities and obliterating the mutual antipa.
thies of Nations? 1t is the power of wind
and steam. These two agencies have brought
distant portions of the earth nearer together
by facilitating communication. Shortly this
communication will be a thousand times more
rapid, through the medium of the electric
telegraph, which, already connecting Europe
and America, will ere long be sounding the
deepest ocean-beds between the farthest
quarters of the globe.
The more immediate the contact of nation
with nation, the less are the feelings of mere