New-York daily tribune., 1858-11-18
PROF. LrsBER $ SFc0vD LEcrrRr-

Prof. ,brr, m hss S'rord l.ciur,, on Ths Hs,,
~ nuu.rc-, delivered on Tues, nv 10 the am. of ~
Historical >ocleiy projected - show ,ha, The Con,
mercisl character q mao was a coaract-ris,c h.,O
gu : ing hIm from the ANNALS tiat not ONLY NJ.
commerce. t.e foua dAripL II modern liberty A. hs h.,
a,isu pt.G ~ show IA hi fret lectnre bat VA, Al
ore Of the chief ess.nt ss Of humanity and tia. ~
universal desire for exchange which fron tie ea-a.,
hat pointed 10 the present facilities fot il sni -,
It'll grrar,r, slowed ian 81 parpc-e Il the cres.o0
If msn which a. the strongest proofs o. uan,,
q coogy. Thcr, w'n'. he saul s.vcn OF .igh, pra-.,.
cAl crttus o. humslty; they distinguished mankind
frum all tie. Ti-.e were:
J. Lsrgusge.-Aga-siz was inclined 10 believe ,b,.
the animals hat aosuase difenug from our. opl,
IN drgr-e, but bee Pn,i Ia,ber) thought ,ha, i ~,
diffrr,ur IN krd. liz sinittec tlx the animal. h,I
vocal sigu~, but they never combined them a. l.n.
,uege, while man ~ss always -prakiug being
,. The Fam'ly.-we uev,r found man yi,hou, -.
family. Animal. might 1--we il herds but they hsi No,
tie iauil Institution. Man the only mammal
with whom the pcrod oi dependence continued L,,.
after the period oi acaon. With the ari nal. ,hers
were uever cnilol. - different ages
3. ", alx,y, iound men With authority. animal,
never. There wofo 'srcrS IN herds, bat soss,r
auoug suiu,a IA. bedl'oce rendered except 10 ,ucs.
nor ilcs VT N. Most bs barou. tribe had il. ehss
tan; olau was a""ysa tciti al auimal.
4. Tbc IDEA of property Men coud %, live with
cur taxing things sDd maki'g them their own yox.
dog mig fsh ioI b"ur, but he lid not do m win.
ci.ate nigh, of property; he did it merely because
lie wabte. It.
:. shame.
6. Ta.te.-Man always showed that he loved N.
beautiful lie n~a!s doing something no, merely
f, the SAKE ut MS uthIy. This WAS shown in every
vay from the paint uor the Of the re.iee chief I,
~, Ol,uyiau Jo,e. Man wa essentially aesthetic
:. Worshp.-Mnn sas pever without worship; the
auima u.v,r viii Il.
s. Commerce. Man was always an exchanging
b,ice. No tribe had vet been discovered t,al woali
net pnr, with some superiuity in order to ge, ome.
thin, they waited more. TIE most sagscicas animal
/ roy,r did this
| From H!- survey We derived two laws Of grea, ia-
portaucc. tine was that these characteristics not
only existed in the w,st man. bu, that they iaeressd
with the increase of civilizations in fact, they vers
ereat part ot il. He woai not notice the richness Of
,he growth of language from the first rude speech;
the Increase of the feng Of property, OF worshp tho
perfection of the family relations. II was very
/ ra,cly that these were assaiec, a. they were by
the French Socialists in 1873, when It became
/ necessary for the chamber of Deputies to recog-
! nze the family and the night OF property.
Nuw here thus progress more striking thaa IN Ex-
change. lis sluggish pulsa'ion with the early tnoes
had been quicbenei iuo vital function OF our society,"
The other law was that 10 seemed as though Prcyi.
dcuce had ordained that the iDcipiency OF these cf-
RIA" should be connected with the material world, 70
that man could not miss Of them; il WAS no, left 10
man 10 decide wherhcr they would have language.
Not long ago II was fashionable to ascrlbe these things
/ to invention; but It "a absurd to suppose peops
with no idea of worship nyerting the idea OF IT, a.
wond be- to suppose uet'on of blind men in'enlns
light for themselves. This he would cal The asrE,,
tine point where physiology aud the natural science;
met with psychology. With regard TO ENchange, tbs
material ncrus was particularly import ant, showing
that man " ~ forced Ia be- exchanging being, be-
calse be did not fud about him what he waited. 10
the rude states he hunt for hi' frs and his food.
This nIus led us next the beautiful Law Of the uni.
formltv of appetite AMI the lOc 81 uscieDcy Of tho
earth to sarsfy them. Take wool, for instance, 81
wsys the delight II mao from Homer 10 the last news
paper, yet bow small, comparatively, was the ares OF
the land which grew wool Cotton too, which hh
had decided Influence the respectsbly Of tbs
race dressing respectfully those who otherwise could
bnvc afforded nothing but rags, was very limited ID
the land ol it, prpiuctsn TGrrc was MT German
pr.seit who thought that he celebrated Penteco't
properly if he did not have for his dinner roast veal
and rice. Yet 10 rice grew IN Germany. Bcrghauss
/ Physical Atlas woud show at glance the limits Of
/ production of aoy articles recognized all over tho
world aries of Life. This necessity OF eI-
! change showcd hat commerce had been lad down
primary law by Providence in the very arrangement
of our globe and Of our apprttes. The building Of
elties increased tie necessity of exchange EI-
change then Was unavoidable. THIS led hin
to remark--speclsly a. atheism now 50 much
moe formidable than t hal ever been before-tbs
place which these considerations might have natural
theology. Ia Pa'eys patural theology, he had drawn
his proofs almost entirely from the anatomy o the hn
man body. Agss-iz bad devoted great portion Of
bis recent volume TO showing that there ara
archetypes which show intention in creation; and
that there are in the aoimsls Of our geological
period features OF to them and OF no ssnih-
cance except a. utmatiOns Of subsequent cre"i!oh'
He Prot. Leber) would submit whether the laws
which be had endeavored to show a. governing .h-
change not entitled to appear as arguments 10 .
system OF natural theology.
On Tuesday at 3 p. M, Prof. Lieber will commence
the History of Commerce proper, with tS history %
Asia.