The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-11-09
'a44a +1,o G1,l,,ctarino q Adrn

As an offset to the ilibusering address delivered
by General CUSHING, at Richmond, few days
ago and upon which we took occasion to offer
some comments, we present our readers with an
accurate resume of the speech made by Senator
HAMMOND. at Barnwell, South Carolina, on the 29th
of October 1t is a mastery exposition of the true
policy of the South. In an eminently conservative
and patriotic vein he reviews the past political his
tory of the South explains her present position and
points ont her future duty. Senator HAMMOND
has full faith that Justice will be done to the South
in the Union. He has no fear that the predomi-
nance of the Free States will endanger Southern
institutions, so long as the Southern people
afford the North no plea for attacking them, and he
rejects wholly the idea that the South would be
benefited by the acquisition of Cuba or Mexico.
He commenced his address by stating that long be-
fore he was called upon to take part in public affairs,
he had made up his mind that the Kansas bill was
fraught with delusion and trouble to the South.
The passage of the bill led the South into the
of supposing that Kansas might be made free
State and induced her to join in false and useless
issue He expressed his qualification that Kansas
rejected the Lecompton bill; it was what he ex-
pectcd, and what he desired. On the question of
Union, he asked whether the people of the South
considered the Union of the States an evil ofitself
and thing of which it was desirable they should
get rid Z? On this point, he declared it TO be his
belief that an overwhelming majority of the South
were opposed to disunion. At one time he thought
differently, and openly avowed himsefa disunionist
but his opinions had undergone a radical change.
He now believed that the Southern people could
fully sustain their rights in the Union, and control
all its great affairs. He acknowledged that the
North was in the ascendency; that the equality of
the Slave and Free States had been lost in both
Houses of Congress, and that the immigration
from Europe was sufficient to form one or two new
Free States every year; while there was no imm-
grafton to the South, which only adds to its
population by natural increase. He repudiated the
idea of restoring the balance between the Slave
and Free States by re-opening the Slave-trade as
some had proposed. A vast majority of the South
were opposed to the project, whilst the entire North
was also against it. But if the Slave-trade could
be rc-opened, where, he asked, could suitable
territory be found for Slave States? The
Western Reserve, which would make one new State
could not be occupied, for that is solemnly guaran
teed to the remnants of the red race. There is no
territory adapted to slave labor in the great Amer
can Desert and African slavery appears to have
failed in Mexico and Central America. Perhaps
and most probably, it will never succeed in those
regions. If it might twhat are we to do with
"the seven or eight millions of hardly semi
"civilized Indians, and the two or three millions
"of Creole Spanards and mongrels who now hold
'thoSe countries? We would not enslave the In
"dians. Experience has proven that they are
incapable of steady labor, and are, therefore,
"unfit for Slavery. We would not eXterminate
"them, even if that inhuman achievement would
'not cost ages of murder, and incalculable sums
"of money. We could hardly think of attempt
''ing to plant the black race there, superior for
'labor, though Inferior perhaps, in intellect, and
"expect to maintain permanent and peaceful
'industry, such as Slave-labor must be, to be
profitable amid those idle, restless, demoralzed
"children OF Montezdma, scarcely more civilized,
'perhaps more sunk in superstition than in his
cage, and now trained to civil war, by half
Century of incessant revolution. What, l say,
'could we do with these people, or these countries
''to add to Southern strength? Nothing Could
1--WE degrade ourselves so far as to annex them ON
"equal terms, they could be sure to come into this
"Union Free States ALL To touch them in any
SWAY is to be contaminated" Wemight expand
the area of Slavery by acquiring Cuba. But,
if we had Cuba, we could not make more than
two or three Slave States there, which would not
restore the equilibrium of the North and South;
while. with the African SIave-trade closed. when
her only resort for slaves would be to this Continent
she would, besides crushing out our whole smear
the slaves in Missouri, Kentucky and MARYLAND.
She is, even now, capable of absorbing the annual
increase of all the slaves of this Continent But
II is said. that Cuba is to be Africanized rather
than the UNITED STATES shall take her. That
should be no cause for disquietude to the South,
which has lost nothing by the Africanizng of ia
maica and San Domingo. If the slaves of Cuba
are turned loose, great sugar culture will grow
ND in Louisiana and Texas, rivalling that of Cot
ton. and diverting from it so much labor that
Cotton would rarely be below its present price.
The South has neither the surplus population
necessary to form new Slave States, is there,
in Senator HAMMoND's opinion, any territory that
could be acquired, which would be adapted to
Slave labor, independent of Cuba and ne regards
the attempt therefore, to create new slave STATES,
by lmpracticable and abortive enterprises, as
waste of strength to purpose, and that the ldea
of recovering the equality in voting, of the Free
and Slave States, whether on the floors of Con-
gress elsewhere, is visionary. Under such cir
cumstances, be believes, that it is better for the
South to look every consequence of its position
fully in the face. what" he asks, s'does she
stneed to seek beyond her borders or what has
ft,ha to Haar7 With sucb a 500 .cooot IL l,o,hor.