The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-03-30
E U Il o P E.
THE MAILS OF THE FULTON.

ticieney of water in the docks, caused by heavy
easterly gales.
She met several large icebergs on the ODD inst,
IN lat. 45O to 41o, long. AGO 30 to 4So 30> She
had westerly gales through the whole passage. She
brings no news, having been anticipated by the Nj
agara at Halifax.
From the London Times, March IL
THE ATLANTIC TELELEGRAPH.
Inc general programme of the second and as we
trust hnal attempt to submerge this gigantic line
OF electrical communication between the New and
Old orlds Is, we believe, decided on, and all the
preparations necessary to secure successful plan
OF operations are rapidly advancing towards com
pletlon. Since our last notice of the progress of
this great undertaking, the machines at Glasse &
Elliotts mandatory have been working day and
night to complete the 400 additional miles of cable
ordered before last Christmas, and intended to re-
place the 1884 miles which were submerged and lost
has now been completed.
1t is of precisely the same kind of cable as the
rest, which We have already Observation-Disclosures
strong, small and light it has been tested and re-
tested, to insure its perfect insulation and its COM
pleteness being thus definitely ascertaned the last
miles OF it were shipped last night on board the
Adonls screw steamer for conveyance to Plymouth,
where 1t will arrive on Monday next. In the dock
yard there, at keyham, the main bulk of the cable,
to the length of 200 miles, has been slowed away
IN gigantic coils during the winter and full staff
of electricians under the direction of Mr. White
mouse, nave been engaged in working messages
the electrical fitness of the cable the fullest
tent The result of these experiments we are in
formed, has been in the highest degree satisfactory
Most OF those acquainted with the first efforts
winch were made to send messages through the en-
tire length of the cable know that the retardinp
influence, or whatever other name electricians may
now choose to call it, which exists in long conduc-
tor exercised most serious influence upon the ra-
pdlty with which it was found possible to transmit
words through the full extent of the wire Con
experiments joined with practical skill in work
ing the wire daily, have enabled Mr. Whitehouse to
overcome so much of this resistance that five
words per minute can be sent through the
ZOO miles of cable at present at Keyham and il is
fully expected that before the time comes for its
second submergementeight words will be transmitted
with ease and certainty. To many Of our readers
unacqualnted with the practical working of subma-
rine lines only eight words per minute NAV appear
to be but poor result after ALL though we can as
sure them that if ever attained it is such an i'm
provement In the rate OF transmission not many
yentured to anticipate who saw the cable worked
Tor the first time last summer. At the same time
such result seems to show with most convincing
cearness that, though 4S0 words per hour through
TINS line, If it is successfully laid down, might
douptless amply remunerate the Company, it would
still be almost as far as ever from accommodating
the business messages between Europe and the New
World. If, therefore, this line is submerged this
summer, 1t will follow, as matter of course, that
three or four others must be laid WELL and there
seems no reason why, if one be laid down,
there should not be many telegraphs under the
Atlantic as there are now under the Channel.
when the Adonis, with the 400 recently COM
pleted miles, arrives at Plymouth on Monday next
the additional length will be Immediately landed and
joined on to the coil already at Keyham. This will
raise the entire length of cable already manufac-
tured to nearly 1850 miles or some $50 miles or
whereabouts more than the entire length with which
the expedition started last Autumn. There is no
doubt however, but that the first attempt was made
with too small an allowance for casualties and that
consequently when the cable parted, and about $50
in fhnd n lbs Of hn al
reduced the length of wire remaining at the disposal
OF the engineers that further perseverance in the
attempt became almost impossible.
To guard against recurrence of this mshap it
has now been determined to manufacture an addi-
tional 300 miles of cable beyond the 1850 miles
which we have stated is already completed. This
additional quantity will be commenced at Glasse &
Eotts works on Friday next, and will be completed
In month or so, and forwarded to Keyham to be
joined to the main coil, which will then measure
nearly 5000 miles in length The Niagara and Ag-
amemnon are again to be the vessels employed in
the attempt of this year. The former was to leave
New DIRK, we believe, on the lst of this month,
and is expected at Plymouth about the 18th or 18th
On her arrival at that port she will instantly COM
mence taking board her share of the immense
wire, which this time will amount in length to
800 miles, instead of POO the last occasion
On board the Agamemnon the cable will not be
coiled away in one prodigious amidshps, but
be distributed equally the fore, midshp and
after part OF the vessel in three coils of about 500
mites tdcll. DIV J0S arrangement, OF course, the
weight of the wire is equally distributed and the
ship well trimmed. The very reverse of this was
the case last Autumn, when the weight of the whole
mass was concentrated amidships, and, thus bal
anced on the principle of Chinese toy, the DOOR
Agamemnon rolled on the least swell till her wards
almost touched the water.
| The attempt to lay down the cable will be made
this year at much earlier period than the last oc-
casion. As soon as the coils, with all the necessary
apparatus and appointments, are slowed away on
board the AgamemnOn and Niagara, which will be
about the beginning of May both vessels will leave
for short trip into deep water, when number of
experiments will be made with the paving out
machinery, to ascertain practically if any Difficult
| ties exist in the proposed plan for submerging
the wire from the center of the Atlantic These
experiments will be brought to an end in a few
days, and any alterations which their results
may suggest in the machinery manner of pay
ing out the wire having been adopted as soon
as possible, the expedition will finally start about
the beginning of June. All the best authorities and
most experienced seamen have been consulted on
behalf OF the Company as to the state of the wealth
er In the Atlantic in the month of June, and we be-
heve the result of an immense mass of testimony
goes to prove that there five or six consec-
utve days in that month during which gale in the
Atlantlc was seldom or never known to occur. The
expedition will leave these shores as to arrive in
the centre of the Atlantic at about the commence
ment OF these hacyOn days, and the object will be-
OF course to get over the deepsea part of the I'M
dertaking before the weather changes. The line
Will be Joined and laid from the centre of the ocean
the Niagara bringing her end to England, and the
Agamemnon conveying hers to America. Commu-
nlcation by electric signal will, of course, if the
wire holds, be kept up between the two vessels the
whole way.
All these new arrangements and precautions are
the result of the experience of last years attempt
and, of course, all Improvements conduce toward
the chances of ultimate success. But it is exag-
geration to say that there portion of the ap-
paratus upon the fitness and proper management of
which the success non-success of the whole plan
must ultimately depend, and that is upon the paw
ing-out machinery. That this machinery was bad
last year, and that it was made still worse by the
most absurd mismanagement, no one now denies;
but we trust and believe that there is chance of
repetition this year of such blundeGS.
How the new machinery is constructed we can
not at present say, further than that new self
acting brake has been devised, which is said to be
perfect; that all the alterations have been made
under the superintendent of Mr.. Everett the
Chief Engineer the Niagara, and Mr.. Appold and
that MIR. Penn, Mr.. Lloyd, and Mr. Field have, we
believe, been from time to time consulted about it.
So far, then it ought to be all that be wished
but we hope to be able to speak more positively on
this point in few days. Our readers may recol-
lect that when the attempt failed last autumn, $50
miles of the cable were safely deposited at the bot
tom OF the sea. Since that time to the astonish-
ment of all who know the west coast of Ire
land and the depth of the water in which
the cable lay, it has been underrun, and no
less than 81 miles of it recovered. When the last
mile was raised it lay at depth of 900 fathoms,
and as 1t was in that depth that it broke away the
remaining $50 miles still in the bed of the At
lantc where they will remain till the end of time,
permanent source of wonder and amusement to its
marine inhabitants 1t may, perhaps, be worth
mentioning, instance of the creduity of human
nature, that there are persons who think this $50
miles is still to be recovered and utilized again. 1t
is, however, but fair to state that these persons are
IN no way connected with either the company or
its officers, all the latter of whom have far too
much experience in these matters ever to entertain
such hopeless idea. The portion of the cable re-
cover was in as perfect state as when first laid
down, as regarded its electrical conditions It,
however, showed signs of the outer covering of
spiral wires having stretched considerably, though
by no means to an extent to affect the insulation of
the conductor.
FRANCE.
6, orslnl who has been permitted to write to his