The weekly hawk-eye. [volume] (Burlington, Iowa) 1858-1860, 1858-03-16

III Kansas b1yOef Uy sasIstS0sSS sssS. - -
+ agreement, vas % ~ eA4ia1s1 and Is alssswaI
~ edritie6. 80 aleve Sfste.qr o. - oh
fhanA slavery uas forever reAi6ited IN Oh thl
II nart of the old psoyinpe 6f L6utstAaa yet 7
4 mainine unoceapted, which w postf of q
lpafsllei III So def. - MIN rnoeth latitnde.s q
reeeryssion for Fsss tehoe iRelgded Ne y
!. mense region now known ~ the Territories I
|, Kansas and Nebraske, aad seene9 amqae 4
. eisht. tan. or more Frec Deatea. Tho eeyetil
Of tke struggle and ne cOddisious of TIE CON
prouise indicated very 'plaiuiy, hoeevsr, III
q the yjKoe OF natioosl inseRssution ~ favor 4
n Frse Labor and Esee States was exhanstet
Still, the existing stalntes we're adequate
secure an ultimate ascendancy of ne Fre
States. ss
i The policy Of intervention il favor of Ssav
Labes and 6aape states began With The turtle
removal Of the borders of tho Repablic Il
cheerfully admit shss this policy Aas not 6ssl
4 persistent OF exclusive, and claim only that
has been, and Jet i, predominant. lam no
NOW to deplore the annexation Of Texas. Ire
mark simply that il was bold measure, 2
douhtfal renstit tatlapality, distinctly adopted y
and made az intended to be made most eaectis,
by the stipulation that the new State Of Texal
NAV hereafter be divided end % re-organi5ed
q TO constitute 6ye Slave Ssatea- This greai
act cast . long shadpw before it=-a shados
which perplexed the people Of the Free States.
4 Il vaj tljsp that ! feeble SOCIAL movement
| which aimed BY moral psssuasien atthe manu-
i mission of slaves, gaye place ~ political organ
j nations. which have ever since gone on incrcas-
/ iux ID energy and extent, directed against 9
further extension Of Slavery ip the United
1tates. The var between the United hsatei
/ aud Nexico. and the acquisiti0n Of the Mexican
Provinces Of New Mexico and Upper CAliiornia,
/ the fruits Of that war we're 90 Immediately ano
directly consequences Of the annexation--o
/ Texss. that III 81 those events in fact may b
regarded % constituting one sct q lnaervens.oa @
! in favor Of Slave Labor and alaTe ssatss. tne
field Of the strife between the I'VE systems nao
become widely enlarged. Indeed Il was now
continental. The amazing mineral wealth Of
California stimulated settlement there into .
rapidisy like that Of vegetation. The Mexican
| laws which prevailed in the newly acquired
| Territories dictated to them Free Labor, and
thus the astounding question arose for the hrst
| time :-Whether the United states Of America,
| whose Copstitution was based on the principle
Of the political equality Of al men would
blight and curse With Slavery conquered land
which enioyed universal Freedom. The Slave
States denied the obligation Of these laws, and
insisted on their abrogation. The Free States
maintained them, and demanded their confirm
alton through the enactment ot tne WAmot
Eroviso. Tie Slave States and the Free States
we're yet ia equilibrium. The controversy con-
tinued here two years. The settlers oI the
new Territories became impatient, and precipi-
tated = solution Of the question. They organ
ized new Free States in California and New
Mexico. The Normons also framed Govern
ment in Utah. Congress, after bewildering
excitement. determined the matter BY another
compromise. II admitted California Free
State. djsmembered New Mexico, transferring >
large district free from Slavery to Texas, whose
laws carried Slavery over it, and subjected the
residue to d Territorial Government, as It also
sublected Utah, and stipulated that the future
States 10 be organised in those Territories
should DO admitted either a. Free States Or o
Slave States, % they should elect pass over
the portions of this arrangement which did mot
bear directly on the point in conflict. The
Federal Government presented this compro-
m ise TO the people, % comPrehenAve, nnal
and perpetual adjustment Of all then exciting
and ali future Questions having any relation to
the subject ef Slavery within the Territories or
elsewhere. The country accepted II with that
proverhial facility which Free States practice,
when time brings on stern conflict which
popular passions provoke, and at . distance de-
fy. This halcyon peace, however, had not
ceased to be celebrated, when the newborn
necessities Of trade, travel and labor required
an opening Of the region in the old province Of
Louisiana north Of So deg. 80 min., which had
been reserved in 1920, and dedicated TO Free
Labor and Free States. The old question was
revived in regard to that Territory. and took
the narrow name OF the Kansas question, just
O. the stream which Lake Superior discharges,
now contracting itself into rivers, and pfecipi.-
tating itself down rapids and caeaFacts, ana
now spreading ont its waters into broad seas,
assumes new name with every change Of form,
but continues nevertheless the same majestic
and irresistible food under every change, in
creasing in depth and in volume until i loses
itself in the all-absorbing ocean.
No one had ever said or even thought that the
law Of Freedom in this region could be repealed,
impaired or cvaded. Its constitutionality had
indeed been questioned At the time Of its enact
ment but this, with all other objections, had
been surrendered as part Of tho compromise. Il
was regarded a. bearing the sanction Of the
public faith as it certainly had those Of time and
scouiescence. But the slaveholding people Of
Missouri looked across the boder into Kansas,
and coveted the land. The Slave States could
! not Gail TO sympathixe with them. Il seemed az
IL no organization Of Government could be ef-
fected in the Territory. The Senator from llli-
nois mr. DouglasI projected scheme. Under
his vigorous leading, Congress created two Ter
ritories-Nebraska and Kansas The formeF
(the more northern one) might, it was supposed,
Se settled without slavery. and become Free
State. or several Free States. The latter (ths
southern ons )was accessible to the Slave States,
bordered on one Of them, and was regarded as
containing 1 region inviting to slaveholdcrs. So
1t might be settled By them, and become ono Of
more Slave States. Thus. indirectly, further
compromise might be effected, if the Missouri
prohibition Of 1920 should be abrogated. Con
rress abroRated II, with the special and effective
cooperation Of the President, and thus the Na'
| tional Government directly interviewed in favor
! Of Slave Labor. Loud renonStrances against
ths measure, on the ground Of its violation O
the national faith, wero sasnesd ~ eiassorou'
avowalG Of ap0iscoyasy that Oougrsss had DeveI
had any right 70 intervene in the Territories fol
or against Slavery, but that The citizens Of th.
United States residing within Territory had
like The people ofevery State, exclusive aathori
1 ~ ana fatsedictiOn over Slavery, - one Of tht
domestic relations. The Kansas Nebraska &C
only recognized and affirmed this right, as !
Was said. The theory was not indeed new, bu
4 a vaxrant one, which bad for some time gon,
about seeking among political parties the CHAR
| ty Of adoption, under the name Of Sqnattcr 6ov
| ereiRnty. Il was now bFonght TO the font an
baptized with the more attractive appellation 9
Popular Sovereignty. Il was idle for : time 4
/ eay that under the Missouri Prohibition. free
. men in the Territory had allf the rights whic
i freenen could DESIRE -perfecs freedom 70 q
everything but esfahlish Slavery. Popular Soy
ereienty olesed indulgence Of tAsse Of th
fruit 81 the tree Of TIE knowledge of evil Z
we'll q of Rood-a more perfect frsedom. IN
somuch . the propositiea seemed % eome ffol
Free stA&e, the Slave GGatse could not rssist j
i seducsions, although sagaciors men saw ths
i they were decisive. Consequently, . small %
4 insfIectual stream Of slave labor wAs - ono
4 forced Into Kansas. soeinseFedib by alasse nsm
berof polisicians, adsOeates . onee 0f SLAYER
and of The Federal administrators. Who procee,
Il "a with great haste 20 prepare the means %
Il carry Tie ntiE electionS - - eAeala The laH
4 necessary for the psossesioa = ii Slsssey.s Il
unoAhtne, hoWeses, - expunge sAAtnaea from
rational code, and quite another - subvert
/ fanaslonal inssitutiou, even thoagh i b only
Il | monument Of Ffssdom loease1 q saAe Dsosst.-
! i gNehraaka vas rsslkn4d " lrss isbor without
slsukfye, ~ Kansas tosams AatAsassr " 4
! tfrsg ases6l n1eioa2t - - h1eU1baalAvAshol
j 1neanA Aee-la inmigfanta, mat lace - fsc
ssIsto aananl,a, tApeagh - machlasry ef repaid
. lln1 actiea, civN cot11Unity. 80 u g