New-York daily tribune., 1858-10-12
ssYARDTsr'.LoR IN NORTHERN EUROPE
NO. LXVllt.
NO. LXVIII.
A VISIT TO THE FOUNDING iio'-
can,,ronssnoe Of The n. y. Tribune ,a.a

oa;eoe which has neither s"" "o
~ ,,bich illustrates the P"''"' o-''
r.,hsr pa,1rnoi character OF the hu'S,,N 49,,
''''.' a., sraodest scale. Thisis the IoSP"G- .
S'"'' or Fouudling Hospital-but the ht1c /
-. no ide. of the extent and completeness VI
.S;. immortal charity. There are similar insu'u'
.:o,s in Paris, Stockholm Vienna ard other ctieS'
much more contracted scale. Our hew-forA
..,,up for children, on Rsndal's Island, though
most benefcent establishment, is still more hineo
in its operations than the latter. In huS'i'' 'N0
youpGEnr Hospital is characterized oy some peou'
lar and very interesting features whch deserve
4, he generally known as they are intimately con-
,sc.ed with one of those tender moral quesuons
o., civilization is afraid TO handle.
Tn everv general view of Moscow, the eye IS
.truck nv AN immense quadranguar building or
,o,ection of buildings, the northern bank OF the
u.skoa. directly east Of the Kremlin. The whi'e
ron, towers high over al the neighb0ring part OF
he city, and quite eclpses, in its imposing appear
.nce. every palace, church, military barraek or
sther public building whatever. 1t cannot be
unch less than a Thousand feet in length, and at a
venture should estimate ITS size al three 'iiio7
that Of the Capitol at Washington Inc "o'ei-
porship Of this institution is only second IN imPor
tance TO that of the city itself, and IS always con-
serred upon nobeman Of distinguished rank and
sttainments The importance of the post may be
estimated when state that the annual expenses OF
the hospital amount 70 Sj,00O,OOO. portion OF
the Government revenues are set aside for tins
purpose in addition TO which successive Tzars as
veil as private individuals, have richly endowed it.
The entire property devoted to the support, main
tenance and education of foundlmgs in Russia, ia
said to amount 10 the enormous sum of five hsI-
Sred millions of dollars.
This stupendous institution was founded by
Catharine H., Immediately after her accession to
the throne in 1862. Eight years aiterward, she
established branch at ST. Petersburg, which has
now outgrown the parent concern, and IL conducted
on a still more magnificent scale The original de-
Ggn appears to have been TO furnish an asylum for
iegitimate children and destitute orphans A
lyine-in hospital connected with if, so that
nothing might he left uud0ne to suppress crime
and misery ia humane and charitable way. The
plan however was soon enlarged to embrace
sH children who might be offered, without question
or stipulation, the parents, naturally, giving up
their offspring to the service Of the Government
which had reared them. Russia offers herself as
midwife wet-nurse, mother aud teacher TO every
new soul for whom there is no place among
tae homes of her people, and nobly and cOnscien
tously does she discharge her self-imposed duty
She not only takes no iie (captal punishment,
believe, does not exis), but Sue saves thousands
annually. She, therefore, autocracy as she is, prac-
ticaly carries into effect of the FIRST articles of
the utra-socialistic code.
Through Col. Claxt0ns kindness, obtained per-
mission to visit the Founding Hospital. We were
received by the Superintendent, lively intelligent
gentleman, with half dozen orders at his button
hole. Before conducting us through the building,
No stated that we would see it to less advantage
than usual all the children being in the country for
the Summer, with the exception of those which had
Been received during the last few weeks. There
is a large village about thirty versts from Moscow,
xboee inhabitants devote themselves entirely to the
Bringing up of these foundhngs. We first entered
q wing Of the building, appropriated to the orphan
children of officers. There are 200 al present IN
the institution but all of them, with the exception
OF the sucklings, were enjoying their Summer hoIp
DAYS in the country. Ii was the hour for their mid
Say nap, and in the large, airy halls lay hundred
and fifty babes each in It's little white cot covered
with curtains of fine gauze. Only one whimpered
Httle all the others slept quietly. The apart
nents were in the highest possible state of neat
ness and the nurses, who stood silently with hands
folded on their breasts, bowing as we passed, were
also remarkably neat in person
These children enjoy some privileges over the
foundlngs and poorer orphans. The boys are
taught some practical science or profession, and
not unfiequently receive places as officers IN the
army. he girls receive an excellent education,
including music and modern languages, and become
teachers goyernesses AS the larger children
were all absent, could form no idea of the man.
of their instruction, except from an inspection
OF the school and class rooms the appearance of
which gave good report. The Superintendents
and Teachers particularly required to watch the
ngns of any decided talent IN the children, and,
where such appears, to develop il in the proper
direction. Thus, excellent musicians actors, paint
ers, engineers and mechanics ofvariOus kinds have
Been produced, and the poor and nalneless children
Of Russia have risen to wealth and distinction.
On cur way TO the Hospital proper we passed
through the Church, which is cheerful and
beautiful place of devotion as | have seen since
having the Parthenon. The walls are of scagola,
peach-blossom color, frightened, but not over
loaded, with golden ornaments The dome, well
painted in fresco, rests pillars of the same ma
seral, and the hall aar-screen, though gilded, is
not glaring; nor are the Saints abnormal crea-
tares, whose Ike is not to be found in Heaven or
Earth. The Prcstol, inmost shrine, stands