Saint Paul weekly Minnesotian., 1858-12-18

see', on tr,e:r part, of what is que 70 u'e gov
ernment and citizens of the Ohi'eu o'"~s
Against New Grenada we nave io"S ssNU ~
ing causes fer complaint, arising ou, Vi ~.
nn,at;SI;s3 claims of our citizens against that
rer,.bI,.. and TO these have been more recent
|, added the ou,rages co,nnhtteu upon our
c;,;zn,,S Of Panama in April, 1858. treaty
CO.. -. adjustment of these difficulties, was
concluded by the Secretary of State and the
Minister of NewGrenada, in September, 1887,
which contained Just and acceptable provi-
s;ons for that purpose. iuis treaty MAS
transmitted to Bosota, and was ratified by
q, Government OF New Grenada, bu, with
Grain amendments. 1t was MOI, however,
returned to this city until after the close OF
the last session of the Senate. 1t will be I'M
medistely transmitted to that body for their
advice and consent; and should this be OBJ
tanned, il will remove all our existing causes
of complaint against New Grenada on the
subject of claims.
Questions have arisen between the two gov
ernments Us 10 the right of New Granada o
levy q tonnage duty Upon the vessels OF the
US. in its ports of the Isthmus and to levy
q passenger tax upon our citizens arriving IN
that country, whether with design tn re-
main there. or to pass from ocean to ocean by
the transit route and also tax upon the
mails of the United States transported over
the Panama Railroad. The government ol
New Granada has been informed that the U.
= would consider the collection OF either OF
these taxes "a an act Of violation OF the treaty
between the two countries, and as such would
be resisted BY the q. S. At the same time,
We are prepared to discuss these questions IN
spirit OF amity and justice, and with SIM
cere desire to adjust them in satisfactory
manner. A negotiation for that purpose has
already been commenced. No effort has ie-
Gently been made to collect these taxes, nor
is any anticipated under present c:rcumstan-
ees.
With the empire of Brazil our relations are
of the most friendly character. The produc-
tons of the two countries and especially those
Of agricultural nature, are such as to in
vite extensive mutual exchanges. A large
quantity of Ameri Al iiour is consumed in
Rrazil. whilst more than treble the a.n,,u mt
in value of Brazilian coffee is consumed in the
United States. Whilst this is the case, hea-
w duty has been Levied, until very recently,
upon the importations of American flour in
BIazi. | an gratifed however, to be able to
inform YOU that in September last this has re-
ducei from 1892 to about forty nine cents
per barrel. and the iuiies on other articles o!
our production have been diminished in near
ly the same proportion.
regret to state that the government Of
Brazil sull continues to levy an export duty
of about | per cent on coffee, notwithstand-
in. mis- article is admitted free from duty in
tn United States This is heavy charge
upon the consumers Of coffee in our country,
as we purchase half of the entire surplus crop
of that article raised Brazil. Our Minister,
under Instructions, will reiterate his Efforts 10
have the duty removed; and it is hoped that
the enliyhtned government of the Emperor
will adopt this wise just and equal policy.
In that event there is good reason to believe
that tn, commerce between the two cOun-
tries WI greatly increase, much to the aivan-
tage of h'rh.
Tn c,.ila; Of our i.izens against the gov.
ernnen. of Brazil arc not, III the aggregate,
IF very ,argc amount bit some CT these rest
u:,on pllin principles of justie, and their set
tlcment ought 10 be no longer delayed. A
renewed and earnest, and | trust a Success
ful effort, will be made by our Minister to pro.
cure their final adjustment
THE PARAGuY EXPEDITION.
On the I'd Of June last, Congress passed q
Joint resolution authorizing the President ''tt
adopt such measures and such forces as, il
his Judgment, may be necessary and advi>a
bic" for the purpose of adjusting the differ
ences between the Z. S. and the Republic Of
Paraguay, in connection with the attack o
the [. S. steamer Water Witch, and with
other measures referred to-" in his annual
message. And on the 18th July following
they made an appropriation to defray the ex
pense and compensation of a commissioner tc
that Republic, should the President deem il
proper to make such an appointment.
In compliance with these enactments have
appointed commissioner, who has proceeded
to Paraguay, with full powers and instruc.
tons to settle these differences in an AMIGA
bic and peaceful manner, if this be practica.
ble. His experience and discretion justify
the hope that he may prove successful in con.
yincing the Paraguayan government that II is
due both to honor and justice that they should
voluntarily and promptly make atonement
for the wroEgs which they have committed
against the u. S., and indemnify our injured
citizens whom they have forcibly despoiled Of
their property.
Should our commissioner prove unsuc.
cessfu after sincere and earnest effort
to accomplish tho object OF his mission
then no alternative VIII remain but the
employment of force to obtain lust satsfac-
ton" from Paraguay. In view of this coEtIn
gencv, the Secretary of the Navy, under
nv direction, has fitted out and dispatched a
naval force, to rendezvous near BuenOs
Ayres, which, it is believed will prove sufi
cient for the occasion. 1t is my earnest des-
ire, however, that it may not be found ne.
ce.sary to resort to this last alternative.
THE FINANCIAL REvULsIoN.
When Congress met in December last
the business of the country had just beer
crushed by one of those periodical revul-
sions which are the inevitable consequence
OF our unsound and eXtravagant system ol
bank credits and inflated currency. With
all the elements of national wealth in ab-
undance. our manufactures were suspended,
our Useful public and private enterprises
were arrested, and thousands Of laborers
were deprived of employment and re-
duced to wont universal distress pre-
vailed among the commercial, manufac-
u.ac' uriHg aud mechanical classes. The re.
vnlsion was felt the more severely in the
United States because simi ar causes had pro-
dnced the like deplorable effect throughout
the commercial nations of Europe. All
were experiencing sad reverses at the same
moment Our manufacturers everywhere
suffered severely, not because OF the recen,
reduction 10 the tariff If duties on imp ports
but because there was no demand at any
price Tor heir productions. The people were
obi ed to restrict themst Ives in their purch
ases to articles Of prime necessity.
In the great prostration of business the
iron .nanufacturers in the differed States
probably suffered more than any other
class. and much destitution was the inevi.
table consequence among the great number
of workmen who were empOyed IN this use
full branch of industry, There COULD be nc
supply where there is no demand. To pre-
sent an example, there could be no demand
for railroad iron after our magnificent sys-
tenn of railroads, extending its benefits tt
every portion of the Union, had been brought
to a dead pause. The same consequences
Lo,,o roc,,Itod from similar cauSas tO MANI