The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-08-27
SCIENCE AND ART

UTILIZING PROCESSES OF MODERN CHEmSrRY.-The
waste and badly smelling products of gas making
though they once appeared almost too bad and
fetd for utilization, are now made through the
various applications of modern chemistry, almost
Indispensable to human progress. The badly
smelling tar yields benzoe, ethereal body of
great solvent powers, well adapted for preparing
varnshcs used largely for making oil of bitter
Almonds of value for removing grease spots and
for cleaning soiled white kid gloves. The tar
gives naphtha, important a solvent of India
rubber and gutta percha; similar tar, when made
from wood, yields creOsOte, powerful preservative
Of animal matter, and much employed a mcdici-
nal agent. Coal tar furnishes the principal ngrc-
dent of printers ink. in the form of lamp black: it
substitutes asphalte for pavcments and it forms
charcoal, when mixed with red hot clay that acts
a powerful disnectant. When the tar is mixed
with the coal dust 1Ormerl wasted in mining ope
ratiOns, it forms by pressure excellent and com
pact artificial fuel: the WATER condensed with the
tar, contains much ammonia, readily convertible
into suphate of ammonia Il salt now recognized
being OF great Importance to agriculture, and en-
pOyed in many Of the arts. Cyanides are also
present among the products ofdistilaton, and these
readily converted into the beautiful color known
as Prussian blue. The Naphtha line. an enemy to
the gas manufacturer, by choking the pipes, may
be made into a beautiful red coloring matter,
closely resembling that from madder. This, by its
transformation, promises an important, though
hitherto not vet realized useful product When dis
titled at lower temperature than that required to
form gas, coal produces an oil containing paratline
largely used as anti-rictiOnal oil for light ma
chinery and for other purposes
v,,, 1, po Iyb :or,,.
uhl h,, - has baa,, so,oob - - i1;GI 1i thIi" Ia
bt IA Iio,i "o+i sbo,IG b. - ,poJneI ps
80 - :; e.. a., ;,,,-,,,+1,, 20 s,,- IT. ,
be taken simply the expression of fact that fire
heat has been brought to bear upon this substance
means of affecting its quality. The method as
- r' Na'" Wv ~ ,i "It r Jie is vi StvlhG WloG
" ."G "S tlu'" uoDel' ms Vecahzed
.i li.i - III l'', NJ a ConPounu Oh sulphur
@ "ilh ' 81 -! ui': "nIh s"eeI u, ihula ruo-
80 - ~ :; -. 80 l. lI:.:" tiu t'i Ncu e"ahsc
.iNc pi.ue III itI iu"'l.t .c su'Phur acts upon
lic Su anu 1oloihes Hl'ii ~ anu lnueeo the 1Wo
may almost pe Stiu 10 form ne" substance Inc
metlous pS Whicn Iie coihnlnatloh Is Drought
apouI are put tle clicct Is III an cases very
!eh'I N', ne 81 eHS! IN vi tne lnula M Iuopei Is
49,, :; ro0darod ,,, ,!St Wv i, ~
soT3, ros,ncts to tbat of da,Itta ,,ooIo TLaa IL
stance win absorb essential oiiIs v;tbont ini,rr
whereas Such oils yould dissnIva India ruh,nr l.
ratoirS its rroncrtios AZ n ta,,,arata 90 Iot tlat
India rnbha wonlJ ba foo ,',r bardonod G,r la
anI Of a to,nnornt,,ro on Ill tbnt Ii; N,
nonId ho Jnstrovnd III nI f,,n +bnt on $50
.nJ aon, o+bor s,,ist,,o % III ;ir H. %
h;nad III I,,I;o lib. my ' ~ ~
~
=, l1iuhINlHG OUHpyr ES'-iI In report maoe l"
''li,'lieil' W on 3ho" harris the learned au-
thor mas taken some pains TO reiute the common
u"t uHP,iio1"P,ir' 'sSulP'i"n titI
..c lisi'iihs, anu so ACT as clheleht sa,e-
su Us =. = 49,, UtGu, Ec'Slulhs c 10 'lS report ny
an az eA.ehNI " ldctS anu large SeheT-
a'"a'lon d ~ 'le "PP'ica'oh ol metllc conductors,
that metallc substances nave not eXcluslVely IN
themselves any more attractive influence for the
astncy u ~ oiiii .i nan any otncr hlhus o common