Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1858-10-15


~ prsssAt cs.disiOa four National ansnces
and sxpsssssd tAs conviction that the next Gun
sFsss wesN y eeaPsllsd % 10 modify the taria
With view 10 incrsasng the revenue, ~ virtual-
h - aard prstsstion 10 car Industrial interests.
Wssassnpasd. farther, oprovs what sssned 10
hastl bssA ths fhn purpose Of the Fathers Of tho
CessaisaA;ea, in framing Ne clause Investing tho
fedagol Government with exclusive oontsol over
sAs connsrssal sairs Of the nation; and cited the
recorded opinion Of him who 10 generally regard
Cd = he chief author Of that Instrument in favor
ofths Csnssitstional power ~ levy tarif for
proAsssion. We might have added other extracts,
which We havs 1t hand, from the writings of
washisgtsn, jefferson. Monroe, and Jackson,
eqsslly conclusive in favor Of the position assum-
ed Indeed, ne cannot perceive how any ooc IA
miliar with the difficulties under which tho coun-
try labered during the existence OF the Articles OF
Consideration, and the svowed object Of those Who
advocated the adoption Of Constitution confer
ring upon the General Government enlarged pow
ers over the whsle system of imposts, car, tos
moment douL, that it was their settled purpose. in
part ..to profecf AVID faster"-in the language Of
Mr. Madison--"the manufacturing interests of
the country" Assuming. therefore. that the
power is clearly given, we propose 70 consider
the exercise # Il . q question Il policy. 1t
must he ma ifest that any ccSntry which exports
largely Of i,s raw products, and is depeadent up
On imports chiefly ior it's supplies Of manufactur-
cd articles, pays in sone form or aher-either IN
an excessive expectation cf its specie. the active
capitol of the eountry-or in the sacrifice Of its
home Industry; ar in b,th-the cost u tnasspor-
tasioa aid ssrica,ion.
This 10 . clear proposition, within the eomrre-
hension Of every body. If we import more than
we export-which Ia the Inevitable effect a low
tarif-thc balance ot trade is against ~, and
mast b net by A exportatioo Of oar circulating
medisn- This position /. foreibly iilustrated by
Adan Smith, in his Wealth Of Nations" (book
1. chap. 81 wherein he says The re~ense offs
trading and Commercial country must, other
things being eq~al, always he greater than that
Of one without trade and manufactures by
means ef trade and manufactures, greater guam
tity II sabs;stssoe can Le imported into parsica
lar country tran what its own lands, in the actual
state Of their cultivation corld afford - '**
A small ssa4a<y II sansfucturcd prsdssce. pur-
ding and nsruacturing country. therefore, aatur-
ally purchases With snail part Of its uasufac-
tured produce, great part Il tho produce Of ethor
countries; while, On the contrary country with
out trade and ansfactares rs generally sbiged
to purchase at tho expense Of yre@ port u its
rude produce, very small part Of the manu-
featured produce Of other countries"
We might cite the case Of Holland to pre,, the
theory Of Adam Smith, Tor, says Mccsiioch,
Holland, ia the 18th oentsry, had larger share
of the commerce Of tho world, than all Earopo
beside, and yet the co~ntry which was the seat Of
this vest commerce had NO ~a&ire produce 10 er-
port not even apiece Of timber for ship bniiding"
II was her home industry which formed the basis
Of her immense commercial wealth. France, en-
joyed at ono time monopoly in manufactures.
and England, great and powerful, a. abe now is,
was dependent upon her until Louis the XIV, inn
psleA BY his Popish intolerance, revoked tho
best citizena, comprising artisans and manufan-
tnrer~ into Other parts of the world: sn,c 6ty
thousand Of whom settling in England, fsrned
the nucleus Of her present manufacturing interest,
and for the first time raised here above condi-
tion Of colonial vassalage to France for these man.
ufactures
Since the day that England adopted policy
upon this subcct she has been as true to Il tho
needle 70 the pole. BY protective tariff she has
gained her ,sresea. wealth aud power. Shn drove
Franceto On increase Il her tariff, and forced
Germany. win Prussia at its head i..o Nation
al Customs Unon: aad shali we, who boast that
LII &. H. Ia Al.
any vher. else on the face # the slci,e, attempt
70 d. what the cheap labor Of CoutiDen,al Europe
has net Attempted-compete with England IN free
TRADE priaciricsf Upon this subject, the Rev.
Doctor D~rbin, in his "0bservsaions 10 Flu rope
submits come pertinent aud GrciLle RENAL ks
"What natives" SAWS he. "can England Of FER to
other nstiens sskcien to induce them to rifiee
their misunderstanding nterests,-the growth of ma
ny ysarA by ensering Low into free trade! She
has forced them into their present artificial state
Ofprotsct;On. and they are net yet strsag enough
TO compete with her upon the principle 81 free
trade. Her machinery is equal to \ hundred
million Il banda She conld manufacture for
the world, bat then the world would have to pay
her for it, and what would she want in return but
the dsacisncy chiefly in sreadstafss A moments
reAeetioa win sati<y any ono that this viii 60 but
very little wN towards balancing the account
f6r her manufactures, and the deficiency would
have = b slPiied IN cash. %s' There is
not psapas on earth that caA n.anafactnre 30
mach n thsir eva advantage - ~re, provided the
system i not forced, t.st Sufficiently encouraged
10 dsvslope skia end caterprise eq.ally with tho
aans dsvelopnsnts-in the agricultural and COM
msrcial portions Of the community. A just COM
bina&iea Il tAese three great interests, containing