Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1858-12-11

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me, ho while, in many Instances the latter
,ha oe ~ eo,nucd or other service provided for
e o',ioes Which are not reached nv Tho roiIroaJ
tnTs uouoing the expense ~ ''
| The system of employIng n $780,. -, . -. -
on the important routes Is fnnS a i,Iali agehs
securing greater safety and nro,,n,,ass WIZ ~,
inc forwarding of the mails. Tha pn a.as IN
r SvnILu. hopes 10 improve the speed and.
and New Orleans and ST Inns Wv York.
oreans routes, although his efforts IN tho NeT
nave not hitherto been successful IIc ev nro snu
grat,ncation at the success Of the overland Call
iounia mail ana expresses confidence thar Nc
contracts for mails over the Tebnon,e,an a, uuo
iif hiteen days from New Orleans 70 San Fran,,
cisco, VIII be fulfilled. The Qreat necessitv AMI
P,oprety oil establishing connection with onr
anu Iand, was universally acknowledged. The
routc Oy Panama has never repaid in nos.ages
nal, us expense; yet the nation has been. in her
trn nie and commerce, remunerated n Thousand
nno ~ ~. y, tne great overland routes the main
one OF winch has been established by the exnrcss
enactment OF Congress. None OF the latter can
ever make postal returns ut all proportiona,e ~,
their cost; but through their agency nearly one,
~, our repuohc viii be developed in its apri-
cultural aud mineral resources. The imnor,a5ce
OF These rontcs is further shown in tbe nro 49,
,nnt ,ntereourso with China the East ssnsfai-
y 10 10 ,ake the western routes across the cont-
n s' s'iu cue establishment Of steam mail line
from San Francisco TO China and Janan IL a., s,s,
ed, as likely TO draw European corresnond,snco
anu trhVel TO TINS route. The probability that by
ous.ao.e cAettohs much OF this trade traxel and
correspondence can be made to pass over tbis
continent, Is TO be found in the strenuous evas
ions now making by Great Britain to secure ths
same through her own Canadian possessions
ms rivalry OF effort Is for the greatest commerce.
OF Tue world, and should call forth as dounless II
VIII, the energies OF both nations to secure such
portions OF II as each shall think itself fairly en-
titled to receive. ''' e"-
Inc lREsURY EsrIMATEs.-SecretaryC obb
OF the treasury department informs Congress- thar
nls esufnate OF the expenditures Of the general
government for the year from july ISj1 10
July |, 1850, is s73,2l7Oi7 which W. ,v,Ii ~,
seventy-ive millions dollars even change. and n
certainly viii not go below that. New appronri
atoms required for the service of the year named
are estimated as follows -
Civil list, foreign intercourse. and ,ni.c.,,.no,.
including expenses OF collecting the revenues
ron ION sales OF public lands ami expenses OF
TO supply DEFICIENCIES in the revenue, or rho
general poss-oilce, 63s2.9Do
in,itao ~ , So 90
ARM No ,ar e. l,SB,4l9
u,,, Gus objects 2 1858. 1856
- .fSA"ehy 1928
foriihc itions. o dnance, &C., 2l6i7SS
Naval establishment y 5S1ai
Total s5224i8l6
Aided TO the above ar, the followin, items al.
reaGY appropriated or required by existing acts
of Con- ress:-
Miscellaneous, including expenses OF col
teciing revenue from customs. .62i4lO
compensation TO the general post-ofice for
mail services 7O0 0O0
Arm aiming ,s, md sgq1ipPng the militia, 10000
tltlhlatlon oil Indians. 1000
Interest ON the public debt, 1884
------s -ss 4g7 ia
SUI further are the following sums appropria.
TED for this years service, but which will NOT no
paid out till after the next fiscal wear berins and
must therefore be counted in that years expendi-
tures:-
Civi list, foreign intercourse and
miscellaneous, s4,27oe57
Interior department pensions
aud IudianD eaa soa
W ar department, 33iIOai
Navy department. 99i395
Making the grand total of Expenditure for 1870
the! year 1880, s7s2i7,9i7
The report Of the secretary of the treasury con-
tains no Recommendation tending to disturb ma
terially the existing tariff law. While modifica-
areH may y, os suggested in the transfer of few
which they are enumeratei attaching much i'm
porance TO stable tariff that the interests nf
commerce may not be injured, and believing me
present law will ultimately Weld a sutfironcv Of
revenue, tie Inference of the report seams ~ h.
that he would, rather than that the tariff should
ne changed IN Its prominent features prefer a ra-
SORT 10 loans IN cases OF temporary embarrass.
inent IN the national finances.
The NAVY DEPARrMENr.-The secretary of
.ue navy argues the ,cessity for its increase by
government Should purchase for a specific sum
tue several vessels recently cleared for the Para
quay expedition, and also SUI sgests the buildiny
81 'en heavy armed vessels of light draft and
the increase OF the personnel of the navy by the
appointment of twenty additional surgeons the
same number of assistant surgeons tifteeo or
twenty additional pursers aud the increase of the
, u,a',e Sorps OF prvates TO two thousand, with
suc uuh humoer OF officers. The expenditures
lor the hscal year ending June 1858. were nearly
fourteen millions, being little under the aporo
priAtons. The estimates for ;he current tiscal
III zo w nSo 9Irolo,ooo, and the appropriations
IIi'9'o wv Inc estimates for the wear endnr
June, 1859, are sl3, 800 900 including SSH noo s
completing the eight light draft steamers but NO,
including the s930,00O for steamship and mail
service. " i'"i
The INTERIOR DEPARTNEST-The secretary
OF Tie Interior reports The estimated income of
the ensuing year from the sales of public lands ot
S3,O0o,OOO. He suggests whether il would NOT he
sound policy To pass general law reseryin,, ali
aurierous, silver and cnnabar mines from sale
i Il .ns use anu occupancy Of the people of the
thited states under regulations provided by law
ana leaving those of the blser metals and Goals
subject to the ordinary laws of sale for their de-
velopment. He also suggests the establishment
ol u lanu once IN utah, and the extension of the
prescription laws over that territory so as en-
brace all the inhabitants residing within It's linn
IT'S: lie IS opposed TO the removal of the Indian
triDes ana advocates the policy of assigning land
10 ina.vlduals among them without the power of
alternating and of expanding the money annuities
Tor the public good instead of dividing IT, per
capita, as now. The income of the patent office
for the three quarters ending in September was
nearly SOL 900, exceeding the expenditures up.
waru so,ooo; The report, of the commission
or OF the land office covers a period Of
hye quarters, ending September, 1855, at
which time there were surveyed and ready
Tor market nearly 62,000,OOO acres of land
whicn mad never been offered at public sale Dur
ing the 1--WE quarters, there had been sold sO5-
OOO acres for cash, from which upward 81, 500. 900
were realized. The whole amount of land sold
and located under military warrants and swamp
grants Is i5,osi,OOo acres. The commissioner
recommends amendments to the pre-emption
laws, with view to uniformity in the system
and reduction in the number of litigated cases.
The report of the Indian commissioner esti-
mates the number of Indians within our limits at
about 100000. The whole number of tribes and
bands is l7j, with A only of which we have treaty
engagements. The quantity of land acquired by
these treaties is upward of ISL 000O0 acres. and