Arkansas true Democrat., 1858-12-22

l would have been avoided, had this rule been established at an earlier period of the govern 1 ment.
 Immediately upon the formation of a new territory, people from different States and from foreign countries rush into it, for the landabe purpose of improving their condition. Their first duty to themselves is to open and cultivate farms, to construct roads, to establish schools to erect places of religious worship and to de. vote their energies generally to reclaim the wilderness and to lay the foundations of four ishing and prosperous commonwealth. If, in this incipient condition, with population of a few thousand, they should permaturely enter the Union, they are oppressed by the burden of State taxation, and the means necessary for the Improvement ot the territory aud the advance ment ot thelr own interests, are thus diverted to very different purposes.
 The federal government has ever been Eb- eral parent to the territories, and generous con- trloutor to the useful enterprises of early set ftlers. It has paid the expenses of their govern- ments and legislative assemblies out of the con- mon treasury, and thus relieved them from a heavy charge Under these circumstances nothing is better calculated to retard their mate rial progress, than to divert them from their useful empoyments, by prematurely exciting angry political contests among themselves for the benefit of aspiring leaders. It is surely no hardship for embryo governors senators, and members of Congress, to await until the number of inhabitants shall equal those of single con- greSsional district They surely ought not to be permitted to rush into the Union with a population less than one-half of several of the large counties in the interior of some of the States Thb.was the condition of Kansas when It made application to be admitted under the Topeka constitution. Besides, it requires some time to render the mass of population collected Tn new territory, at all homogeneous, and to unite them on anything like fixed policy-- Establish the rule, and all will look forward to It and govern themselves accordingly.
 But justice to the people of the several States requires that this rule should be established by Congress. Each State is entitled to two Sena- tors and at least one representative in Congress. Should the people of the States fail to elect a Vice President, the power devolves upon the Senate to select this officer from the two highest candidates on the list In case of the death of the President, the Vice President thus elected by the Senate becomes President of the United States. On all questions of legislation the Senators from the smallest States of the Union have an equal vote with those from the largest. | The same may be said in regard to the ratitica- ton of treaties, and of executive appointments. Al this has worked admirably in practice, whilst It conforms in principle with the character of government instituted by sovereign States. l presume no American citizen would desire the slightest change in the arrangement. Still, Is not un ust and unequal to the existing States to invest some forty or fifty thousand people collected In territory with the attributes of sovereignty, and place them on all equal footing with Virginia and New York in the Senate of the United States?
 For these reasons, 1 earneslv recommend the passage of general act, which shall provide that upon the application of territorial legislature, declaring tnelr belief that the territory contains a number of inhabitants which, if in a State, would entltle them to elect d member of Con- gress, it shall be the duty of the President to cause a census of the inhabitants to be taken, and If found sufficient, then by the terms of this act 10 authorize them to proceed [" in their own way' to frame d State constitution preparatory to admission into the Union. 1 also recom- mend that an appropriation may be made, to enable the President to take a census of the people of Kansas
 The present condition ofthe territory of Utah, when contrasted with what 1t was one year ago, Is subject for congratulation. It was then in state of open rebellion, and, cost what 1t might the character of the government required, that this rebellion should be suppressed and the Mor- mons compelled to yield obedience to the con stltution and the laws. In order to accomplish this object, as l informed you in my last annua message, l appointed new governor instead O Brigham Young, and other federal officers tc take the place of those who, consulting theiI personal safety, had found it necessary to with. ra hn To tha., ,oiv officers, and to aid them. posse c0nsitatus, ir the execution of Ine laws in case of need, l or dcrcd detachment ol the army to accompany them to Utah. The necessity for adopting these measures IS how demonstrated.
 On the l5th Septemutr, 1857, Governor Young issued his proclamation, in the style o an independent sovereign, announcing his pur. pose to resist by force ot arms the entry of the Umted States troops into our own territory of Utah. By ths hr required all the forces in the territory to hold themselves in readiness to march at moments notice to repel any and all such invaslon,' and established martial law from Its date throughout the territory. These prov ed to be no idle threats. Forts Bridger and Supply were vacated and burned down by the Mormons, to deprive our troops of shelter af- ter their long and latiguiug march. Orders were issued by Daniel Il. Wells, styling himself "Lieutenant General Nauvoo Leglon,'' to stam- pede the animals of the the United States troops on their march, to set fire to their ira4S, to burn the grass and the whole country before them and ou their Hanks, to keep them from sleep- ing by night surprises and to blockade the road by tclIins trees and destroying the lords ol rivers, etc.
 These orders were promptly and effactually obeyed. On the 4th of October, 1857, the Mormons captured and burned on the Green river, three of our supply trains, consisting o seventy wagons loaded with provisions and tents tor the army, and carried away several hundred animals. This diminished the supply of pro visions so materially that General Johnson was obliged to reduce the rations and even with thi, precaution, there only sufficient left to sub slSt the troops until the first of June.
 Our little army behaved admirably in theil encampment at Fort Bridger, under these try ing prlvations. In the midst of the mountains in dreary, unsettled. and inhospitable region more than thousand miles from home, they passed the severe and indictment winter withou a murmur. They looked forward with conf dence for relief from their country in due sea- son, and in this they were not disappointed.
 The secretary of war employed all his ener- gles to forward them the necessary supplies, and
 
 as would render resistance on the part of the Mormons hopeless, and thus terminate the wal without the effusion of blood In his efforts he was efficiently sustained by Congress- The, granted appropriations sufficient to cover the deficiency thus necessarily created, and also pro vided for raising two regiments ol volunteers for the purpose of quelling disturbances il the territory of Utah. for the protection of sup ply and emigrant trains, and the suppression o Indian hostlitles on the frontiers.'' Happily there was no occasion to call these regiment. into service If there had been, should have felt serious embarrassment in selecting them, SC great was the number oi our brave and patriotic csizens anxious to serve their country in thi. distant and apparently dangerous expedition Thus It has ever been, aad thus may it ever be-
 The wisdom and economy of sending suffi clent endorsements to Utah are established mol only by the event, but in the opinion of those who, from their position and opportunities, art the most capable of forming a correct judgment GeiIeral Johnson, the commander of the forces in addressing the secretary of war from Bridger under date of October Is, 1858, expresses the opinion that "unless a large force Is sent here from the nature of the country, a protracted wal on their the Mormons'] part is inevitabe."-