Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1858-09-03


Dudley Field, are E!Rck H-pu oiciu 10 p"'''.c' -''
YOU may understand liz. excessive si"riuSai'od u!
the press of that psriv Mr. Field No" possesses
sort Of national popularity, which VIII ns s"rP ~,
shoud he posse-s the Jolly 10 oocohis '''o oo' VI ~
Gisunon and serlinna crgani.1fion' ,,,
meeting has bepn called in the cry by nrPuo"
cans and Know Ncthinss 10 organize plan I'll u"''"
for the State.
The weather, yesterday, WA warm ana s'"" =
aud business dull. iopo
AN UNPUBLISHED LETTER FROM JOHN u
CALHOUN.
In late editorial reviewing the poll'icai rec'r' "
the Hon. Charles j. Faulkner with especial
TO the slavery question, we recounted the iac' 'n"'
Mr. Faux nsr's stringent e1erton in 1917, TO secure
the Congressional enactment of fugitive slave ~"
was regarded at the tins BY many leading statesmen
of the South, and especially by Mr.. Calhoun Ms Tue
attempt of visionary enthusiast IBIS h's'o'""
testimony TO the extraordinary sagacy when
Mr.. Faulkners efficient efforts for The protect'oh vi
slave property, has doubtless awakened The curiosity
OF many Of readers, Who liks OURSELVES nave
been eagerly DESTROYS 10 peruse document oearns
the revered signature of john G. Calhoun aud de
Voted to Il confidential expose OF his views on It
question of such Importance. We have succeeded
in obtaining from Mr.. Faulkner copy OF this
precious historical relic, which transfer TO our
columns to day.
a LETTER FROM JOHN e.. CALHouS TO THE Hon.
CHARLES j. FauLKSER, URGING THE NECESSITY
FOR EXTRAORDINARY EFfoRT5 For THE PkoTEc
rioN OF SLAVE PROPERTY, ~ 1871.
FoRr HILL, lst August, lS47.
My Dear Sir: regard The occurrence which led to
the meeting and tbs proceedings OF the citizenS oil
Uagersicwn, copy of an account Oh wnich accom-
panies your letter, which Claims the solemn
attention of every man who love. Ills ceuniry and
desires to perpetuate its Institutions.
have read your letter. aud the proceedings OF tho
meeting, aud the nc; OF tue Legislature Of Pennsyva
mia, which led 10 the ragica went. with grief and
indignation. With grief not only for the fate OF a
worthy citizen, but for The consequences 10 which Is
calculated TO lead and with Indignation, 1t the de-
berare and undssussd violation OF the Constitutional
compact by the Sata Of Pennsy lvsua. There Ia not
on record q more deliberate Gnd uncisgu:ed breach
OF faith and the solemn obligation Of oath. II We vi
the slave holding States should permit one. TO us, OF
the most important provisions OF the CONSTITUTIONS TO
be thus tra,npled oil with scorn and contempt, and
Of their worthieet citizens to bs murdered IN hls
attempt to secure the rights guaranteed 10 hun by H.
to pass with IMMUNITY, We shall richly deserve tie
tate that will moet sssurody await u.s. 1t will lot
md with emAncip patton as bad as mat would be-
That would be but the beginning. ace CLEARLY the
whole train OF caamllies, which would beiall Us.
cannot trace them in letter; but heY will be great
er than ever before oesll people. The CONDITION OF
Ireland would be Il slate Of bliss to Bat lei
me say. neither Virginia Maryland escape
them. As soon as Abolition becomes efficient the
States to the South OF you will prevent the purchase
or the immigration OF your negroes, free or slave
whils those North and West of you will prevent their
eeress 10 either direction Yon will be hemmed in
with your black population, rs every other slave
State will be- while the nonslavehodng States will
never their agitation until blacks Arc placed ia
all respects on an equality, politically and socially,
with their former masIers when they would govern
and posterity, through our former slaves and
their postery. Think not | look too far ahead, or
that | am deceived | the future thus far II We
do not meet and rerel the attack, clearly as do
the rising of this sun Tomorrow.
You ask me my opinion to The remedy and. in
the fret place. "wheber The Legislation OF Congress
can reach the disease Z" do not see how il
The act of Pennsylvania s in open defiance and
tempt both Of The Constitution and Congress, aud
cannot be reached, OF course. but by subsc,ng the
Courts of the State and It's officers 10 the Jurisdiction
of the Courts of the United States 10 the performance
of their official dutiee which in my opinion, VIZ have
no right 10 do. But, if had, it would DO ilnpossi
Bile 10 pass such An act.
You next osk, sis there any countervaing legis!a
ton within the power Of the Southern States T.
answer yes. and tbs most efectua but to make 1t 81"
il would require their united action. The peace. 70
curty AMI Internal police Of the States already
among their reserved powere and acknowledged 80
10 be in reference their security far health is
concerned, the passage Of the quarantine laws by
most of the States prove. The principle APP
plies TO intercourse OF every description which may
endanger the peace security the domestic iDstitu
lions OF State. lts application 10 all commercial!
intercourse. seawiss by river, would At once bring
the non saveboldipg States 10 their sensas. IL would
execute ITSELF. Ii would give 10 the South direct
trade ard II ske commercial captas what their
now are aud would transfer tie: shipping and manu-
features from their cold and barren region 10 more
genial and fertile. 1t would, in particular. make Bal
timoru Norfolk and Richmond what New York, Phi.
ladeipha and Boston now are The very m-pacr hat
We were prepared 10 take suc step unless the guar
ante-s of ths Constitution should be respected by
Pennsylvania and the other non-slav-ho'dng State,
would bring them AT once Ia TERMS fou will tud The
princ;ol. fully illustrated aud established IN report
ana speeches made by on the circuation OF in
c-ndary publications through the mail. They are
contained in Il volume OF my reports. speeCh-s &c,
NC, published, some years since, by Harper & Bro
theirs, Of New York. and may, no doubt, be Ind from
them.
You next ask ''wheiher there is any hope that Penn
syvania would repeal l:s act, proper representa-
ton 7" IdOubt II, and doubt whether it would in the
end do any good. Now, ii ever, in my opinion Is
the time bring the question IL issue The longer
It il d-lsyed the III ils end both for and the
Union. / have always su believed. Bu; it it should
be- thought Otherwise ! would by all means recon
mend, not To beg OF exposnate but demand the re
pea the highest ground Of right and constitutional
oblig alton, assuming at once, without Argument, that
th8 act u al open hDu UTbdCH Ol tdtH dI.u
constitutional litigation 10 enreat would he degrad
ing and would but aggravae tho evil The higher aud
holder the tone, the better. The Commissioners. 1t
it should be deemed advisable Tor Maryland and Fir
GINA to appoint them, should he OF high and de
cded character, and not party hacks, aud should t-
instructed to make ap-rempoy demand. III the most
decided language, in order TO bring the question 10
is.ue. II proper men be appointed and aks the
conrs. Indicated good may Of IT, but, If not it
will do mischief, ESPECIALLY it party hacks should be
appointed s. 80,
ing Convention OF the slave holding States !"
regard the step as Indispensable 10 thorough and
efectua cure of the evil, aud thai the call ought TO
come from Maryland and Virginia, aud the meetog
be held in Richmond or Baltimore. II may be made
by their Legislatures or informally by their members.
and ought TO be done speedily The sooner, the bet.
ter If both parties should uaite and agree to make
the dstence Of our rights the paramount question,
overriding The Presidential and all others, speedy
end would he put to our difficulties. But, without
that thers it, for US and the whole Union save hold
ing and non slave hoding,a gloomy fufure It's hard
say which the heaviest calamity will fall, unless
We manfully and at once meet the Danger. III such
shall be our course let what may come. we shall be
prest and prosperous people-ln the Union, ii our
course should il, and out OF H. !. II should not
They and not We have been, throughout, the aggre5
cor and it belongs TO the great law OF retrIoutlon
that whsre the party aggreesed on has the spirit to
meet and repe the AGGRESSION, the medattd evil rs.
coils on him while tho rich blessings which always
accompany the successful resistance to wrong, will
fall 10 the lot of his intended victim.
have from the first, and throughout thd whole
question, been acunted by one fesllng 10 gave the
Union and fres Institutions, il possible but, il not
10 ourselves, NJ al events. Tho great d'fncuy
which have had To encounter. has been from the
prevalence, on all sides of The spoiIo principle The
desire TO participate in the spos has been SO preva-
eut for near l6 years. and the desire OF Keeping the
parties together, in order 10 be able TO participate
M hu.inrhb OF UOst OF Tue leaders
has been, to merge oil questions in the Presidential
election in order to AVOID party d-tracon and that
| fear will prove All nsupers5le difficulty in taxing
The high and decisive stand that only can arrest The
evil that threatens to engupb ALL The union OF few
manly spirits on both SIDES IN your Legislature would
20 tar TO overcom. IN your Sae and the whole South
People begin TO think aud TO seq the real extent OF
the danger, and in the present state Of 'her eenss
should convention be called, the States South OF
Virginia woad send forth TO meet you all Their abiest