Litchfield enquirer., 1858-01-07

l THE FESTIVAL OF THE NEw ENGLAND SoclE- rY.-This pleasant anniversity was celebrated a, the Astof House with unusual cheer and enthusi. asm. Mr Douglas was in the midst of debate, and was obliged to send regrets at the eleventh hour. Governor Walker was prevented from com. ing .' by circumstances beyond his con,ro," but wrote letter, in which he uses the following sig. ni6cant language
 "As your fathers landed on yonr rock bound shores, there dawned the first faint glimmering of the great principle of selfgovernment. which rose upon enfIanchised humanity, in all it's meridian spendor, on the 4lh of July, l776 That great principle of self-government is about being sut- iected to fearful and, perhaps, final test, in ar unhappy western territory If this principle can be subverted there, and such an act be ratified by Congress, the Pi grim Fathers will have landed in vain on the shores of New England in vain shall it's great truths have been romugated in the Declaration of American Independence, and the blood of the Revolution will have been asted on soil where military and despotic power would soon resume their sway, as under cur suicide the freedom of our country and the world forever sank. with it's last bubbng cry,' into that great deep where it should remain until the sea give up its dead,' and man shall answer for his crimes at the dread judgment-seat of his Creator'' l A vagrant who applied for lodgings at one of the police stations in Cincinnati, indignantly left the premises because he was not furnished with a feather bed.
 The celebrated trotting stallion Montreal, D died near the Union House, Long Island, on the 9th inst. He was valued at SC, GOO.
 The Dwight Manufacturing Company at Spring.
 eld advertise that their capital stock paid in is million and seven hundred thousand dollars and the debt on the 30th of November amounted to S463 233 Henry c. Cary, one of the most thorough polit- ica economists in the United States in series of letters addressed to MT. Buchanan, thus speaks:
 That the mechanic is, now everywhere turned a. drift, to seek in scratching the soil the means of support that his trade will not afford hm-he and his country thus losing the use of the capital of knowledge he had obtained by means of a long ap- premiership.
 | That his daughters too are deprived of work. and not unfrequenty forced to make their election between starvation on the one hand, and prostitu- tion on the other.
 That mines are closed and miners are driven to SC eek employment as common laborers-leaving their wives and children to suffer for want of food
 That hundreds of little capitalists who had inves- ted their all in tic creation of machinery for fac- tating increase in the supply of fuel, in a ol out nUGle critics, which are being purchased by the men already rich.
 That furnaces capable of yielding hundreds of tons of iron, are closed and their proprietors ruined
 That mines of ore. endless in quan ty and capable of supplying lead iron, copper, &c, 10 the world mines too, that have required vast amounts of cap ital for their development-are idle while the men by whom they have been developed, are reduced to poverty.
 That rolling mills, capable of supplying half the l 1lp to% %bn of %l. Il. own them.
 That ships wholly unemployed are rapidly accu- mulating in our ports, while the ships themselves as rapidly decline in value.
 That while the commerce of the world tends, ev- erywhere to seek the aid of steam and while steam CTS are fast superceding sailing ships the people of the Union find themselves obliged to depend almost exclusively. upon the ships of other nations and are likely, before the close of your Administration Mf President, to find themselves without a single ocean steamer, engaged in any trade in which for eign competition is not by law, prohibited. | That the trade with California, upon which we have hitherto relied for supplies of gold has so far passed away as to require from us little more than supplies of butter, shoes, boots, and agricultural machines,- that being all the commerce resulting now from an expenditure of labor and capital that had it been applied at home would have yielded least, thousand millions year.
 That railroads and ships mills, and factories mines and furnaces thus involved in one com men ruin-the depreciation in the value of all this property being. at the smallest calculation $1 0O0 GOO eco
 That the trading interest-so long the almost ex- elusive object of government favor-particpates in the general ruin. That the owners of houses unable to collect their rents and that their property declines in value while the taxes are increased
 That the farmer finds his consumers declining in number while his competitors rapidly ncreas- ing-the system of the country tending it long tended toward foIding into the work of cultivation all who thus far have found or should have found employment in mills, machine shops. mines and furnaces and that he has now before him shoul Providence favor him with liberal crops the pros- pect of seeing flour at lower price than has ever yet been known
 | That the planter has before him a reduction in the home demand for his commodity, to the extent of 25O GOO bales that almost simultaneously with this increased demand his crop is likely to te four times much increased and that, therefore should he be favored in the seasons he too is likely to see his staple reduced to price lower than he has seen.
 Taking; nov, the probable rduction to the value of land, and in that of slaves at only S1 900 0OO- 000 and adding it to that in railroads mills mines and furnaces. obtain the sum of $2, ,OOO 900 900 Adding now, thereto the reduction in the valae of the real estate. other than farming and planting land, shall obtain sum of not less than s,50O,- GOO 900 the total amount reduced and it may be almost twice as much.
 | Somebody profits by all this loss. Who is it 2? The mortgagee, who enters upon possession-frst selling out his poor debter whether the little farmer west or the great proprietor of mills mines, furnaces in tn. East. The usurer, who obtains one two thrae, or five percent per month until the poor borrower is ruined The government official whose salaries and perquistes havesbeen already doubled, trebed and nuadruped, and will be increased in value, while the working men around him suffer if even they do not perish for want of food. The member of Congress, whose salary has been doubled because of the rise in the price of food, and will remain, that its price has fallen. The non- producers are thus enriched. while the of enter ptise and the la borers are despoiled.
 Turning now to the treasury, we find it already bankrupt, even at the commencement of this'down- ward movement. Irredeemablo paper being now to be substituted for gold and silver, the influx of foreign mer chandse and the ef1ux of the precious metals, will soon be much promoted and thus will the way be smoothed toward total bankruptcy, such as was witnessed in 1S41 and 1842
 SENATOR SUMNER WILL NOT REsfGN.-A Boston cor,oe ropdent of Tue Eueaing Posf says