The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-09-23
N E WS FROM EUROPE.
ARRIVAL Oh THE N0RTIIERY LIGHT AND
NORTH BRlT0Y.
FOUR DAYS LATER INTELLIGENCE.
The Atlantic Gable not Broken---Dissensions
Among the English Electricians---The Ne
cessity Of Eaving E0re Gables.
ADVANCE IN COTTON, CORN AND CONSOLS.
&c, &C., sc.

| The steamship Northern Light, Captain Tinkc
| paugh, which sailed from southampton the Sth
inst, arrived at this port last evening. She eXpe-
rienced westerly winds with pleasant weather,
during the greater part fthe passage. She brings
| 262 passengers, and full freight
! The steamship North Briton which left Liver
pool at about halEpast ten O'Clock the forenoon
of the 6th instant, arrived at Quebec yesterday
morning.
The news by these arrivals is four DAYS later than
the advices brought by the Persia, and is of an in
teresting character.
| The steamship Niagara arrived at Liverpool on
Saturday, 4th of September, at ?. NJ. She spoke
the Africa the 29th ult., the 30th passed the
ship City of Manchester, and on the 3lst sgnalled
! the bark Augusta, bound west.
! The steamship Europa arrived at Liverpool on
! Saturday. Sept. 4.
The screw steamship Great Britain, from New
| ork, arrived at Liverpool at p. N. of the 18th.
The petition in bankruptcy presented against the
! European and American Steam Shipping Company
| was assigned for ahcaring on the 22d.
| Queen Victoria visited Leeds on the 9th and per-
formed the ceremony of opening the new town
| reception, and the decorations and umin&tions
splendid scale. The Queen and suite had left
! Leeds for Balmoral. The Mayor of Leeds received
the honor OF knighthood on the 4th of the month.
Ills Royal IllghncSS, Prince Alfred, having Ob-
tanned two months leave Of absence from the naval
! service, is about to proceed to the Continent
visit to their Rovall lIighnesses Prince and Prin
/ cess ffeu2rlCk W lIaIn oil IruSSla.
| The Nh{gpiag Gdze'tc Substituting The month Of
| August the number of wrecks reported in our col
umns was ll2, making total during the past
| eight months of l,0S0.
The stoppage of John Plowcs & Co., of London
and Rio, with considerable liabilities, has been an
| nounced.
Messrs. Archibald, Montgomery & Co., Australian
| merchants, had suspended for about fG0,000 The
| liquidation Is expected to prove untayoTabe.
| On the I'd instant the American bark Harriet
| Francis, from Liverpool bound to Baltimore, ran
ashore ON the Arklow bank. Eleven of her crew
| were saved. The vessel soon became total
wreck.
II appears that the remainder of the barl's crew.
four in number, had taken to another boat, which
was upset, and they were picked up on aer bottom.
| The Dublin Frcmdn's Journal chronicles at great
length the movements Of Cardinal Wiseman since
his arrival at Dundalk. His reception in that town
| appears to have been perfect triumph. The hou-
ses and streets decorated with flowers, arches
and all the other paraphernalia 20 be seen day
! of general jubilee.
! A deputation from the ROYAL West India Mail
Packet Company had an interview with the Secre-
tary OF the Treasury on the subject of steam COM
municatlon with Nancouver's Island
THE ATLANTIC CABLE.
Temporary stoppage of CoRm|Hicafion-DccliR in
the Price Of Cable Sbares--The Necessity Of more
Ctbl>s.
The following notice, signed by the Secretary Of
the Atlantic Telegraph Company, dated Vaentia,
Sept. 4, Has, A. NJ, is published in the London
Times:
SIR: | am instructed by the directors to state
that, owing to some at present not ascertain
ed but believed to arise from Il fault existing in the
cable at point hitherto undiscovered, there have
been no ineligible signals from Newfoundland
since one O'Clock Friday morning, the 81 inst.
The directors are now at Eacntia. and, aided bv
various scientific and practical electricians are in
vcstigating the cause of the stoppaTc, with view
to remedy the existing difficulty. Under these cir
cumstances no time can at present be named for
opening the wire to the public.
l thFOgGF
The London Times says that a similar difficulty
was understood to have occurred temporarily
short time back and the hope is that the accident is
merely one OF those to which the cable must be la
BILE until the necessary measures shall have been
completed for protecting the portion the shore.
Some disagreements between the electricians and
the board OF Directors nave latter!y existed, and
these, it may be presumed, tend to embarrass the
general proceedings.
Mr.. Whitehouse, who STYLES himself "Electrican-
in-Chic and one of the four original projectors Of
! the Atlantic telegraph" writes to the London
Times that he believes the injury to the cable be
in the home end, which he had foreseen and had on
one occasion repaired He apprehends that there
is little for anxiety, and thinks there is moth
ing in the Obstructions calculated to damp the most
sanguine hopes of ultimate and complete success.
| Mr.. Whitehouse complains of the summary manner
in which he has been dismissed from the service of
| the company.
! Charles I. Bright, Engineer of the Atlantic Tclc-
! graph Company, has received the honor of Knight
! hood. \ banquet took place at Killarney on the
tenant OF Ireland attended. He cmphaticav denied
! that he absented himself from the Dublin banquet
/ from sectarian bigotry personal hostility to The
! great enterprise. Official necessity was the sole
! cause of his nOn-attendance. The toasts included
the President of the United States, Mr.. Cyrus
w. Field and Captain Hudson, the officers Of the
| Niagara, &c.
From, the London Star. Sept IL
We are without any further news from Ealentia
respecting the Atlantic cable and this may be taken
to mean that the directors with their scientific as
sistants have as yet been unable to restore ntegi
BILE signals. very painful impression was created
by the statement published yesterday, and on the
Stock Exchange the & GOO shares Of the company
fell one two hundreds OF pounds in value. 1t is
not supposed, from our present information, that
the cable has actually broken, but on that some
thing has occurred to arrest the natural progress of
the electric current. Even the cable should break
the result OF the recent attcmpt will not have been
in vain, for it clearly establishes two factsiirst,
that cable can actually be laid across such large
bulk of water, and, second, that when laid, tele-
graphic communications can certainly be effected
between the old and new hemiSphcres If the worst
should come of the present attempt these facts will
form the basis of improved and resolUte under
takings for the future. But, in the meanwhile, let
us hope that the present stOppage of cOmmuuica-
tions through the cable is but Of temporary
ture.
From the London Ne,cs Sept. ST.
The Atlantic telegraph is at fault. Whether the
stoppage be temporary or n permanent one
whether it is caused by some flaw in the cable
within such limits that it can be detected and rene
| dfed-iS yet to be determined. There Is no great
cause for dependency in the present Interruption.
Ii rather sets forth the necessity of more cables
| Now find that we can Law 4 cable two miles deep
in the sea, and that cable so laid can be made to
transmit electric signals it seems folly to depend
upon all the chances and accidents which may hap
| pen to 4 single line.
During the short time this single cable has been
| laid down between Ireland and newfoundland, the
| signals to newfoundland have once before ceased
Mr.. Whtehouse discovered the cause of the inter
ruption There a faulty portion of the cable
Nalentia; it was fortunately easily accessible
Assoon as it was taken up repaired, the electrical
communication re-esablished. This Interrupt
tion happened while the Presidents reply to the
Queens message waiting at newfoundland to
be transmitted. 1t must appear very curious, if
not ineXplicable, to those of readers who
not familiar with the mode in which electrical tel
egraphy is carried out, that while no signals could
be sent from Ireland to Newfoundland, they could
be received in Ireland from Newfoundland To
electricians like Mr.. Whitehouse the cause of this
is obvious But the phenomena of electrical tele
graphy so novel to most people, that we shall
be excused if we endeavOr to make readers ap-
preciate the obyiousness Of the cause.
The bond of electrical unisn between ireland
| and Newfoundland consists of a copper strand
containing twisted wires Of pure copper
Each wire is not much thicker than thread of
sewing-silk, and section OF the rope formed by
the twisting of all seven, not much larger than the
head OF an ordinary sized pin. Such is the thick
ness OF the electrical road to America under the
depths of the ocean. The gutta percha coverings
of this copper rope, as well as its hempen and iron
wire shcathings, only for the insulation and
support of the precious core.
Of all the marvcls of modern electricity, perhaps
the most astounding is this, that either water or
earth will serve return wire for the telegraph
When the electric telegraph was first introduced,
it was supposed to be necessary to lay down, or
erect two insulated wires between the stations from
and to which signals were to be received and des-
patched. Surprising, for instance, we wished to
communicate between London and Edinburg; the
electrical current could only be sent from London
to Edinburg, so to record itself upon the cond
ton that there should be some means by which it
should travel back again to the place from whence
it started.
The electrical current could only be created in
London and detected at Edinburg by the existence
OF two electrical roads-one to carry the current
and the other to return it-so to establish what is
called complete or closed circuit This required
two wires-one to carry the message shock, wave,
or current, from London to Edinburg. the other to
return it. 1t was discovered first, that where
ever there existed unbroken body of water 1t
might be substituted for the return wire; and,
secondly, that the earth itself, for all known dis-
tances of electrical stations, might be similarly
used.
How it comes that earth water acts as a means
of enclosing or completing the electrical circuit IS
not vet well understood. 1t is one OF many marves
of science well determined yet hard to grasp In
telIcctuallv Electrical waves currents, call
them what YOU WILL have been transmitted from
Ireland to Newfoundland through 1000 miles of
conner rope not thicker than bodkin these cur
| l. t,nir boo thn