Arkansas true Democrat., 1858-06-01
Progress, British India and South
 America.
IN THREE CHAPTERS-BY vERITAs.
 Ch,pter 3i- Soufh .dmey7cn.

Chpter 3i-Souh I4nuey7ca.
 In considering the history of this Apclo.In- dian empire there naturally arises in the mind many thoughts relative to our own future ope- rations upon the continent of South America There Is a certain region of country there-a very large as we'll as a very rich one-whose world ot flowers and odorifcrous spices, age after age, waste their sweetness upon the de- sert alr-whch seems moanfuly to complain ot our neglect-of our dereection of duty.- Gold m untold millions and precious stones; cotton and coffee; sugar and spices; gums and medicinal barks; dve-stuffs and cabinet woods lay concealed in this capacious lap of old Mother Earth, awaiting the developing touch of the Anglo -Amerlcan-longng, as it were, to be res- cued from the tread of the insensible savage. to be appreciated and enjoyed by the nobler races of men,
 The river Amazon takes its course through the northern portion of Brazil and drains re- Sion within the limits of that country of not less than one million and half of square miles an area one-third larger than that occunied hy all the States of the Union east of the Mis- SlSslpPl rlver, and (taking the tenth degree of south latitude for a southern boundarv) about one-half of the whole of Brazil. NeQ,lu the whole of this great fertile valley of the Anna Aon Is inhabited by a few miserable sayages and II the exceptional spots were in the same condition the world would loose nothno bv the change. That this great country should remain in its present wilderness condition until Brazilian energy and enterprise can develop it's resources-make it useful to mankind-is a mo- hey that suppose no intelligent man in the world will advocate, because every such am in- dlvldual must hno0 that Brazilian energy never will be equal to it. The development of the countries drained by the Amazon is as mnch beyond the capacity of the Brazilian as the de. velopment of the regions in the moon is beyond the ability of the Anglo-American. The Bra Lillian territory is larger than the United States. but It contains only about six millions of pao- pie of all colors; and so weak are the procroaa- tive energies of that hybrid population that it scarcely holds it's own. The republics drained by the western tributaries of the Amazon as Peru, Bolivar and Ecuador--although territo rlally, very much smaller than Brazil--have confessed Meir inability to turn to a useful ac- count the regions upon those waters that thev claim-therefore have invited the most ener- getic portions of mankind to come and settle upon those lands and make the most of them, and enjoy the benefits arising therefrom. Brazil not only refuses to adopt similar humane po llcy but by closing against all foreigners the navigation oi the Amazon, prevents the people of every other country from availing them selves of the privileges proGered by the above named republics If the Brazilian government could hnos0 that the people who might settle upon the banks of the Amazon would be in- d0lem and ,0o1ttless like its own natiyes--it would adopt the enlightened policy of its re- publican neighbors and encourage immigration but It has reason to believe that the new corners would be of different stripe-a people who would subdue the wilderness and make it's broad acres teem with wealth, and the whole region rc)olce Tn the blessings of enlightened civiliza- ton and power And since those high qualities cannot be the attributes of its own people-it does not want population so near--to whom those attributes naturally belong.
 The lamented Herndon, while he was in the city of Para, near the mouth of the Amazon. speaking from his observation of the natives, said: :" Men in these countries are not ambi tious They are not annoyed as the more mas- cuine people of colder climates are, to sec their neighbors going ahead of them. They are con- tented to live and enjoy, without labor, the fruits which the earth spontaneously offers; and l imagine in the majority of cases, if Brazil lian has food enough, of even the commonest quality, to support life, coffee or tea to drink, cigars to smoke, and hammock to lie in, that he will be perfectly contentcd. To make, then, the rich and varied productions of this country available for commercial purposes, and to satisfy the artificial wants of man. it is necessary that labor should be compulsory * l am under the impression that, were Brazil to throw of causeless jealousy, and puerie fear of our people, and invite set tiers to the valley of the Amazon, there might be found among our southern planters, men, who, looking with apprehension to the state of affairs as regards slavery at home, would under sufficient guarantees, remove their slaves to