The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-06-26

Revolution they are E0ect1ng.
We publish to-day mass Of valuable infor
nation on the three great polticoeconomical
questions of the day-cotton, sugar and labor
which will be found worthy the attention of the
political leaders and statesmen aot only of this
country but of the world.
The questions Of the production and supply
of the two great staples of tropical industry.
and of the supply of labor for their increase,
are exercising an extraordinary influence upon
all the political issues of the day. International
rs we'll as domestic questions are shaped by
them. The Spanish slave trade Is the true
States and England the French free slave
trade is subject Of discussion in the British
Parliament, and of unsatisfactory communica-
ton bet9een the two courts; the British coolie
slave trnde proves the hollowness Of highlands
obtrusive philanthropy and the slavery ques-
ion in this country is q subject Of constant
tanatical exhertation and fre-eating recrimina-
ton. But everywhere-in England and In
France, in America and in Asa-the erroneous
theories Of the humanitarisns are waning
before the great and palpable facts that
the civilized world must have cotton and
sugar: and that as yet the white nan has not
demonstrated his ability to produce them with
out the aid Of an inferior organization that
can resist the heat of the tropical fields.
Political necessities have induced the govern
ments of England and France to endeavor to
create rivals to the United States in the produc-
ton Of cotton. India and Algeria have failed
tn ha,oxra 90 THAR x;aus ara nou airactad
elsewhere. and China, Africa aud British
Guiana are each looked to with hope. From
the first of these regions we entertain no fear Of
a serious competition. 1t is a well known fact
thst China does not produce enough cotton for
her own consumption and therefore can never
become great exporter. The industry and in
eenuity of the Chinese have been directed for
ages to the necessity OF producing textile staple
end they have been forced to resort to the pro-
duction Of a coarse silk by wosms fed on oak
leaves, in order to produce a cheap fbre.
| Whether from this staple cotton will find pow
\ erful competitor when China shall be opened to
| the world we cannot yet know. Attention is
| now being directed to Africa and Guiana, the
| arguments in favor Of the latter Of which are
| ably stated in another column. Besides
| all the other requirements Of labor, capital,
experience means of transportation, NC, which
are to be provided for them, to enable them to
become competitors with us, there is also an
| other great question 10 be solved In the
United States the cotton plaut Ia an annual
plant; in the true tropical regions II Is pc
rennial These conditions change the qualities
| of the product and we think disaIlvantageously
to the fibre grown within the tropics.
In relation to sugar, from the evidence before
us IT would seem that the palm for the produc-
ton Of this staple is to pass from America Ia
Asia The multitudinous labor of the East
assisted by a little guano from Peru, has pro
duced astonishing results in Mauritius and the
Isle Of Bourbon or Reunion. The former Of
these win only 900 square miles Of superficial
extent, and population few years since o
only 100000 people, exports to-day one-third a
much sugar as Cuba with her IS 900 squar,
miles and a million and half Of inhabitants
A like result has attended the sugar culture II
Reunion. Ard IL is not alone in quantity tina
great advance has been attained; the quality o
! the sugar hes also been vastly improved, an,
Australia is already drawing her supplies o
E refined and washed grades from the plantation
of Mauritius. The cry Of the planters o
Mauritius Is still for more labor aud NOR
guano; but the true fruits of the newl
! created skill and sugar manufacturing scierc
> | Of Mauritius will be seen when the
J shall 70 from there TO the neigbborin
q continent Of India and organize tn
unemployed millions there for the put
poee of turning the jungle into cane
Rcsis. The selfish policy Of fhe East Ind
! Company has hitherto prevented this, but
!, will prevent il no more; and the day is not ia
!. distant when the world will be supplied wit
= refined sugar at three cents pound.
g The question d the cheap production q