The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-11-18

that he wears worthily in his button hole the rose
that has fallen from the chapet OF Mr.. Commas
soner REED OF the two men, the New Highlander
has proved himself the better dplomatist. We
have. at length, obtained a treaty with Japan
of which we have no reason to be ashamed, thanks
to the thunder of the English and French guns
on the Peiho and to the acuteness and energy
ofMr. HARRIS. We have heard of this gentleman
before A curious commercial traveller, dropping
into the harbor of Simoda not long ago, favored
the public with a sketch Of the American Consul
in the temple set apart for his residence at Simo
da, and gave us lively description of his manner
of dealing with tie japanese officials. Under
PERRYs treaty. every body regarded the
Office of Consul-General of Japan as sinecure.
There were goods permitted to be sold, and
none could be bought. Whalers were deferred
from laying in their supplies at ports where the
American dollar was rated at only thirty-four
cents japanese currency. Only one Connecticut
captain had the hardihood to attempt to open a
trade, and the experiment resulted dsastrously
He tried Smoda, and he tried Hakodade, but
failed to find market for his wares. So he re-
turned home, and entered protest for the recov-
cry of thirty-six thousand dollars damages from
the UNITED STATES government for the
alleged non-fulflment of the treaty. Of
course he will have to pocket the
loss, for PERRY's treaty, like that
subsequently, negotiated by the British
Admiral STIRLING, contained no provisions bene-
fetal to commerce, and was scarcely worth the
paper on which 1t was written. Its sole merit has
been, that it paved the way for the introduction
of Consul General HARRIS, and it happened for
tunately, that the latter was man of the right
stamp. In mining language, he has ''prospected"
over three quarters Of the globe. "He had been
'all over Europe. He had been in India, in Aus
"tralia through great portion of South Amer
'ica had visited Borneo, Sumatra, Java, and the
''Philippine Islands, and had penetrated the tea
''dstricts of China quite far as Mr.. FORTUNE"
What is more to the purpose, he had used his
eyes, and treasured up his observations. He
started out with the belief that ''human nature
was pretty much the same all the world over"
and, on his overland journey to his Consulate
busted himself with arranging his plans for deal
ing with the japanese. An English traveller, who
crossed the desert with him to Suez, pronounced
him not merely ''the most Travelled man he had ever
met but one of the best informed" High praise
from JOHN BULL to Brother JONATHAN, but not I'M
deserved. Consul HARRIS had no idea of shutting
himself up in his Buddhist Temple, and whiting
sticks to while away the time. He would study
the japanese language. He would test, upon
Japanese officials, the virtues of a good dinner,
washed down by a bottle of cool champagne, for
it was his firm conviction, that the approach to
the heart of the Asiatic was through the gastric
apparatus; and results thus far appear to establish
the correctness of his theory. Some months be-
fore he succeeded in negotiating his commercial
treaty at Jeddo, stray American vessel anchored
in the Harbor of Simoda, and the fruits of Consul
HARRIs's labors became at once apparent. What
ever could be had-though that was not much
was obtained with facility, and at reasonable
charge; and whenever an objection was raised by
the Japanese officer-to whom all sales to
foreigners are submitted, and through whose
hands the purchase money passes itwas promptly
and successfully met by the Consul But Mr..
TOWNSEND HARRIS was not content to be cooped up
in the little port of Simoda with its solitary
Bazaar of lacquered ware, and its ever jealous and
watchful officials. He desired larger field of
matte ability. Jeddo the Capital of the Japanese
Empire was but the distance of a days journey by
steam, and to Jeddo he resolved to go. We can
imagine the establishment depicted in the smooth
round faces of the Simodan authorities when he
impaired to them his resolution to visit the Capital
of the Empire without being carried there in
close litter. To undertake to obtain an interview
with the Emneror without consentiuu IN submit m
the indignity Of crawling into bis presence ON all
tours, appeared to them to be an act of unparal-
lelled audacity; but in spite of their protestations
he not only proceeded to Jeddo, but remained at
the Capital for six months; held repeated conferen-
ceS with the chief princes and mobiles assembled
there, and twice obtained audience of the Emperor
front to front-the first foreigner who had not
humbled himself to the dust before the reigning
monarch for more than two hundred years. Nay,
we are even told that he so far conformed to the
fashion of Japan as to ask the Emperor how old he
concubnes he was at liberty to keep, and how many
children called him father and that upon all these
interesting points concerning the Imperial menage,
the sturdy Republican envoy received gracious and
satisfactory answers We hold that sovereign
who is not allowed to pass the outer gates of his
palace must have been delighted in his splendid
solitude to have met with so frank and outspoken
a man. Whether in his frequent intercourse with
the princes and nobles during his six months resi-
dence at Jeddo, Consul HARRIS practically exenn-
plifed the value of his theory of good dinners and
"cool champagne" or whether he was debarred
by imperious etiquette from making the experiment,
we are left to conjecture. 1t is certain that
he did not succeed, during his first prolonged visit
TO the Capital, in obtaining those commercial
cesslons which formed the chief object of his jour-
ney, though he no doubt so far improved his op-
portunlties as to clear the way for his subsequent
triumph He returned 10 Simoda and waited pa
uently the progress of events. He had not long
to wait. Intelligence was brought to him soon
AFTER by the war steamer Powhattan, that by the
treaty OF Ilen-Tsin, the Chinese Empire was
thrown open to the commerce of the world, and
embarklng on board the Powhattan he returned
forthwith to Jeddo, sought and obtained another
interview with the Emperor and supported by
Prince BIroU and the MOBILES who were in favor Of
more liberal commercial policy, had the satisfac-
ton OF closing his labors by negotiating a treaty
which covers all the concessions we could have
wished, and more than we had reason 70 ant;c;nate
would be granted. 1t is well worth while to
contrast, at lnls time, PERRY's treaty, with
that recently made by Consul HARRIS. and
we, therefore, reproduce what we believe
will be found to be tolerably accurate r.,,,n,a
of both. We commence with that made bv PrRRv
Article 1.-Provides for permanent neace and
amity between the two contracting powers. q
Throws open the ports of Simoda and Hakodade
to American vessels, for the purchase of supplies
of water, provisions, coal, and other necessary
articles, so far as the japanese may have them
the tariff of prices to be established by JAPANESE
officials 3, 4, and 5.-Provide for the transpor-
tation to Smoda or Hakodade of American seamen
who may be wrecked on the coast of Japan, ex.
empts them from confinement, and grants them q
temporary residence on shore, with permission to
90 where they please within certain defined linn
its. 6-Stipulates that if other goods, not inclu
ded in the tariff of prices should be required they
shall be subject to an arrangement between thu
parties. 7-Agrees to the exchange of gold ant
silver coin, and articles of goods for other articles
of goods, under regulations to be established BY
the Japanese government. 8.-Proyides that al
the articles purchased shall be procured through
the agency of government officer. 9.-Contaln
the favored nation clause. l0.-Restricts Ameri
90 n vessels TO the two ports aforementioned unles
in distress, or driven elsewhere by stress
weather. ll.-Limits the time for the ratification
Of the treaty. According to the North Chm
Herald and the London Times, the principa
,o;rte Of the new American Treaty are as follows