The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-11-28
TIE BRAZILIAN EMPIRE.

feet kEon Each Other Of st,e ScNsss'sso" SA
Their Systems of lutcrri0e Dist f.utAon' 60
[trom Coreo Mercantll OF RIO &c Janciro, !une ~"
IL ana 70 -
AZ the plan of n direct ttelm communication LOWS
the United states and Brazil again slgg,stTo M my
recent essou q! Congress ut Washington We asai OUT
selves Of tie on oituns for discussing CERTAIN poi's eo
nectea ~,lla tLe subject.
IN he natural state cf thrgs considering only tho gene
raj progress OF bo couutes,a Tire o! American steamers
Il Slntie question Of time II II cali D. uenosuasea
tut tr actual commerce, eonh'ec WIN ".ht u WI ~
IL yrry future, fully jusies the est ipislns "
Heanhoa' line, IL VIII he easy % asts' WI,
way whca that tine may be organzed let 's ofeny
examine this important national SUBJECT s'arsng fon wo
onts viz founding observations uioa facts ana tho
cxersnce furnished By the general history OF commerce.
abo, ALL taking into account Our relations WITH the
United states.
The q nrercia men CT the United States arc
that the monthly steamship line between England and
Brazil ~ successul and lucrative BUSINESS amt TINT
from the tune being established the commerce be
tween the txo nations has Increased with such rap'uy
that this fact be attributed any other niiueace
than impulse given to Il by steam navigation But
not only have IN" commerce ana personal reatons De
tween ,,a2 and England and between Brazil and Euiope
considerably Increased but they are stil' daily Increasing
The Of passengers is great that the caons OF
the s'tafrera taken oue tine IN advance IN spite OF
tie comparative, high prices for passage, which proba
bly, Will be maintained long that Iiue las no coupe
tit.cn TO encounter.
Although oonmerce between the United Stakes and
Brazil Is carried on great scale and every
year the OF passengers between the TWO conn
tries is yoi limited, consisting almost exclusively OF per-
scns who are in immediate relation with the commercial
marine.
ANOMALIES pk--i..r TRADE
There have been few examples N the world of com
large scale and Of so considerable value
having such dcvCoiement between two civilized pa-
tons with little personal relations between them ana
20 small an acquaintance OF each other very lew bra
gl.us have the United states either Oh account
C business for recreation ana during late years tho
smai number Q. cuizcGs Of the tned states Who nave
visited ri az went first ~ Europe IN ordor n be
sure OF passage il steamer, ii preference T. voyage
ia sailing stp. The expense Tor such circutcuS pas
sage II siean.r + coo siieraby greater a sailing
Init tsSt.
any ecnncmy II time Tor first class passage tcSc, be
tween SOW York ard RIO, via .ngiand, the cost Is at
ship would be over 500 to $3.50 As regards time.
the -esnei Twelve days III going from New York To
England a.,d seniy eight days from England - Ron
the whole, forty Gays. This cacuaion taking into account
all coniirg ences. average calculation, rather too
low 4han TOO high As 10 smiling ships, the average time
OF their passage from New York 70 RIO about forty days
VIII 81 Il. RIO 10 New York II does not exceed thirty
i've days. Thus, in general, there s the preference
steamers no advantage as 10 time, anf cvrrthc
less one deny that body in favor OF travel
ling beard steamers The evident al this TACT
lies in the regularity and certainty Of steamer line
which enable merchants and passengers 10 make reliable
calculations that, under most circumstances may be OF
great importance Their affairs Besides, there PEG
pic who would not be persuaded TO leave lard, M instead
of steamers they had traverse tho board sail
ing ship Thus The regular service of oceanic steamers
invites travel cxacty il the same manner rs the opening
NJ railroad, wherever be- rapidly increases the
her OF travellers between the places Il connects.
The empire Ct Brazil having not very long agoaboen IN
der the rule 0, European government Is natural that
IT, inhabitants should have special inclination for that
country whence they drew Their habits, manners,
toms fashions, luxury and literature to sach degree
that even the greatest part OF their manufactures are
ported from there Generally speaking, their only rel
iatous with foreigners have been aud continue TO be with
Europe. Since the establishment Of the constitution Brazil
has gradually advanced in population wealth and civiza
ton and it's commerce has gone constantly Exercising
with almost all the civilized maritime nations Great Britain
Vas Tor many years ~ principal pnrfeyor nut the United
States il principal customer. The commerce between
Brazil and the United states, which oday 50 consiers
Bile entirely based upon tnc exchange OF several agr
cultural productions the principal Of which coee aud
sugar the part OF Brazil flour aud lumber that OF the
| United States.
sScs.SGKs WIN TIP rsrrrp srArrs
Let us now present some statistical data Of the Brazilian
commerce during several years past Tor eleven ysars,
viz from 1877 70 1857. inclusive the United States import
ed 10 Brazil o do Jancirol $3.50 $40 barrels dour ia
the last three years, viz 1855 80 ana 81 they imported
cc.yeG from Brazil 1856 3.5 bags of coffee aud ia The
last three years, 1886, 10 and 81, eos ,eo bags.
By estimating the barrel Of -four BAIL Ut $40 pr
barrel and tho bag coffee In tho United States ii slt
per bag The value of the imported coffee the United
states dIng eleven years, ,3i So
Exported nour 2o'o0,i6o
difference. .sli7 ,iss CO;
Anu aui IL the three years lsas So, and 81. the "a
lue 81 imported coffee s4s, IA 400
Exported ionr sslso3o
Difference. ga, 70. $50
Tor ,r last year 1867. there we're imported fro.l tho
rnt'a sia'cs 10 Brazil, 3S5, $50 barre Of Hour and
will give tho following result
Value q imported coffee. sl3, $50, 6l0
Value OF exported rour. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS" 1885,
Ie, " nov for morncn, COASTER the ratio Of Increase
OF the hal go Of those staple articles which constitute
tho principal commerce between tho two countries Ia
lsi7 there were shipped from the uncd States TO Brazil
tlo do Janeo) $50 ssS barrels of dour aud in $50
$50 SIS barre which gives an increase Of Amos, 100 psr
cent In lsiI tie United States received from Resy
72a 7s2 bsgs Of coffee and In 1857 eoi 374 bags,hc Lat
ter year being exceptional compared with former
ones The real Increase Tor eleven years only per
cent
Wills, Iaazl during the above mentioned years rccciy
Cd from the United states oe s7s barrels Of uur re
rcved IRON Europe and all other countries 273 bar.
reis VIZ scarcely ninth part Of the whole amount. In
1857 Brazil imported from the United states $50 SIS
| iy.thrd part
We have stated already tina, during the three Won .
ISIS, 80 and 81 Braz exported 10 the United states
200 $40 bags coffee aud during tho same period 10 ru
rope aud Other parts 32Iooo hagr, The quantity ship
pod for the United states being almost equal tiat cx.
ported g. Europe anil IN ether parts And whst IN fss.
there we're exported to the United states aol ga bags
fec, England received only $3.50 bags less than tie
half r., therefore, beyond any doubt that the Uued
states are cmincniy The great customer of Brazil Tie
money uans'ctons resulting nom this considerable com.
mefial exchange between Brazil aud the United States
are transacted almost entirely by way OF England The
coffee trade Of Erazi Il STEADILY Increasing and has at.
rnrably done 80 " take into account the difficulties
/ against whloh u had to struggle for many YEAR
Thus, IN ls2v the total export from Ilraz was OF 500
bags, whilst N 1857 amounted 10 2oes7is. In thirty.
seven years u has increased twenty. times Had the
population and wealth Of the United States during tbs
SEINE period not increased in such cnormons proper.
same result also should the nitcd states discontinue
TO b. the customer of Brazil that commerce would almost
entirely cease to exist
now rHE TRADE
Now the time las arrived whom the people OF tho Initial
state have 70 CONSIDER not how TO Withdraw their custom
but how 80 Increase their return trade with the country
With which they entertain such a considerable commerce.
We have traced She movement, and actual exchange Of
-four and coffee In what position are the people of the
United states IN reference 10 other ntcrcsts compared
with other naticusr
During the financial year Of 1861 src entered tho ports
Of Brazil proceeding from foreign ports, 22o vessels
with tonnage OF oss 0I Coz vessels with Isl 600 tons
came from Great Britain anil her possess ions 3i3 with
121 81 tons, came from the United States
The greater part az these 602 British vessels were
freigbted with merchandise whilst ~ the 3t3 vessels
from the United states the greater part regh,od
with nour and lumber
In 1856 Brazil imported from Great britain the amount
49, W. 54SVW
ffom the tnited I,i2d,Ss0
And whilst Liverpool sent q, 500 900, New York
sent Us scarcely &5o,oc0 n useless "a here into
more minute details this point Facts and figures show