American Lancaster gazette. [volume] (Lancaster, Ohio) 1855-1860, 1858-12-16

10 possess0ns This pssses veFy near 10 n.
- NfxieaR boundary throughout fhe whoi,
leag'A O ArI1ona ! can imagine no possible
feuedg iaF these evils. and nQmode Of testor
inglAW AID ofder on thar remote and unset
MED flonfiefs butifoI The government Of %.
o. etulied states 10 assuIne temporary protector
AfaoseI tlIs n0gthefn portions Of Chihuahu,
.gaa and Sdhora aud 20 establish mflilSfr DoSl,
y ~ within TIE sxhe; and this Is sSrnesiy recon
iaended 70 Congress. The protection may b.
Nlthdrav4 ss sooA as local governments shal
be esla6lished "a these hcxlcaa States, capable
ofpeFiormins theh htlies 10 the United StaleI
8. I. end sad RESTRAINING the iswiea and preserving
peace along The bofdef. -.,.-..s - --fsF
- e ] do not doubt that this measure will be
~ viewed IN friendly spirit by the governments
- sa1d the people OF chihuahua and Sonora, as Il
s., viii Prove equally ehectoal f5h the pfofecton
q tneif easizem 90 that remote and IaSlsss
eeiIIoniieEs as for citizens ofthe United states,
~ And in this cohnection permit Ne % recall
your attehiuh,to The condition Of AfiEona.-
The population Of that fetfitotS1 Numbering
rs is eliegedi more than Ten thonSahd souls
efe practically without government @HhOat
laws and without amy regular administration
- Of Justice. MardeF and other crimes ate com
fntted with impunity. This state Of things
calls loudly Tor redress; aud |, thefefufe, fe-
peatmf recommendation for the establiShment
Of a Territorial government over Arkona.
THE political condition OF the narrow 18th
mus OF Central America through which transit
routes pass, between the Atlantic aud Pacific
oceans, presents a subject Of deep interest to
all commercial nations. II is over these tran.
s1f slls l9sle lasge PIogqEIon Of ths isaae end
Z navel belween The European and Asingic con.
tlnents is destined TO pass. To the United
States these routes ere ofinralculable impor-
taaces as means ofeommtnication of between
then A Aiantic and Pacific possessions. The
latter now extend throughout seventeen de.
grees OF latitude on the Pacific coast, embrac-
ing the important State OF California and Ihe
houIlshlng Territories Of Oregon and wssh.
Ington All commercial nations therefore
have a deep and a rect interest, that tbese
communications shall lie rendered secure frnm
interruption. II an arm Of the sea, connect
ing the two oceans, penetrated through Nicara,
qua and Costa Rica, it could not be pretended
~, that these States would have the right 10 az.
rest or Tetard its navigation, 10 The injury Of
r. othennalions. The etransit by land over this
narrow lsthmns occupies nearly the same posi-.
ton. II is a highway,in which they them.
selves have little interest, when compared with
the vast interests ol the rest Of the wofld.-
Whilst their rights OF sovereignty ought 10 be
respected, Z rs the duty ofptheT nations To- re.
9gue mat TINS hlsimporlant passage shall not be
sinteTFupied By the oivil wars nd fos ol0tiona-
Z fypuibTeakss which have 50 fTeq uently occur.
ted IN that region. The stake is too impoT-
taptto be leo at the meTcyOf fivsl companies,
sIsllnlns to hold conflicting contracts with
The Dommefce OF other nations rs moi 10
petty controversies. The government OF the
United Stntes expect no more, Than this,r and
they VIII not be satisfied with less. fThey
weuid not " they could, derive any adyan
tage from the Nicaragqa transit, not common
10 the rest Of the world, its neutrality and pro
3teeton ipI The common use o. alls hdlionS, Is
Their only ,oblect. They have no objection
that Nicaragua shall demand and receive fair
eompe9satlontfom tho companies and indivd-
hais VINO may uavefse the route, but they in
hal allall haeo A.. n. ~ +.
arbitrary decree OF that government II dis
putts arise between il and those with whom
they may have entered into contracts, these
must be adjusted by some fair tribunal provd
ed ior that purpose, aud the route must not be
closed pending the controversy. This h our
whole policy, and IL cannot fail 10 be accent
able TO other nations NWt i
All these difficulties might be avoided, n
consistently with the good faith OF Nicafagua,
the nse sol this tfensic could be gtbf0wn open
70 general competitions providing attbe same
lime Tor the payment OF q reasonable rate TO
the Nlcaregqian government on passengers
aud height kkG ~ III "a ~ fA0E 1
In August, 1882, the Accessory Transit Com. |
pony made dts frst integsoceanc trim over the |
Nlcaraguan route, and continued in successful |
operation, w,Ih great advantage 10 the public, 4
until the 18th Of February 1856 whea n bwe, 4
closed, and the giant 10 this company, aswell
as ln chartef were snmmafily and aibitfary
revoked BY the government az President Isisds
Provous 10 this date, however, in 1854. seri.
Gus dspnies concerning the settlement Of their
the government, Urea tening the interruption
oithe route at any moment. These the United
States in vain endeavofed 10 compose. 40
II twould be useless'to ,narFate the various
proceedings Which took place betwee the par. |
Ties up to the time when the transit was dis
continued. Suffice tito say that since Febru- |,
nTy, 1885, il hes remained closed gre atty 10 the \
q n ha nil lad Hat II
since That time the competiuoh has ceased be.
tween the rival routes OF Panama and Nicar.
agua, and, IN consequence thereof, an suatea;
sonhoIe amount has been exaoted from our cit.
'Seas lot .helr passage 70 and from California.
treaty egnedo on the 10th day OF No
yembeT, 1857. by the Secretary OF State and
Minister OF Nicaragua, under the stpulations Of
which the use and protection of The Transit
route would hSye been secured, not only to ,
ihe pnlled States, but equally 10 all other ma
uons, How and on what pretexts this treaty 4
has lalled to receive the ratification ofthe Mo- Z
aragusn government. will appear by the papers q
herewith indicated from the s, ate Depart!
Ineni,, The principal objection seems 10 have I
been to The provision authorizing, the United
States 10 employ force 10 keep the route opon,
in case Nlcafagua shOuld'fail to perform nei
duty IN this respect. From leebleness Of that
TePubllcs its frequent sehanges Of government,
and us Constant internal dissensions, this had
become most impoElantstipulation. and one
Seee"hetff hCVoeehts. .uVtOHly tOk kne security ~
OF the 9uterbut for the safety OF American CIT
izens Ttassng and Iepassing 10 and from our
Poetic ,Possessions.s Were such stipulation
embraced IN treaty between the United
States and Nicatagua the knowledge OF this
fact would ositser most probably prevent hos
tile parties lfom committing aggaessions on the I
Toute,and reudefour nctual Interference for its
protection unnecessary, IL as, Il
The executive government OF this country, in !
its ntsrooufse with foreign natious, Is limited :
TO the employment Of diplomacy alone. When q
this iails i can, proceed no further II cannot !
acknowledgement TO force, without The direct
authority ol Congress; except in resisting aud
Tepelling hostile attacks. II would have no =
authpfiiy 10 enter the territories of Nicaragua,
even to prevent the destruction df the transit a
and protect the lives and property OF our own /
citizens on theT passsge,l II istTue that on q
sudden emergency Of this character, the Presi-
dentwogld diteetauy armed force in the Mcin. I
ity 70 march TO ihelf relief but in doing this, he
would actnpon bis own responsibility. ~
Under these circumstances I earnestly 70.
commend to Congress the pnsssge Of an act ,
authorizing the Presideat under such festEic- /
:ionsas they may deem proper. to employ the
landand naval forces OF tue United States,in