Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1858-10-15
The 1s,Wcs add Positions, ., ,..c
two PARTS.

TWO f0fflSs
We copy the fllowi " article from tn
New York Courier and Enquirer, as pr sent
Ing very clearly, the questions at issue be
tween the Republican end Buchanan rartiss
1t is well to Keep distinctly IN view these is
SECS, allowing no new side questions, OF mcr
J cal ones, to cngross entirely the mind o
hide them from public inspection. Thcs
are the issues yet to b. met and decided d,
the ballot box The South has driven tn
Buchanan party into the position of aIvoca
tag the extension Of slavery. or aloptin.
lrincipls which decidedly leads to it. Bu
t. the article -
. 1t has been the constant effort of man,
OF the Democratic presses and sp AK rs OF
the North 10 obscure the real issue between
the two great rirti 5 Of the country r, spoct-
ing SL,y1ry. Their fayorite mode ut ,loin.
thus is by hcaping up all manner of words
and phrases about popular sJyerei .ntv, and
distracting the pablic mimi conc .rnin. the
real petition Of tha Republican party to-
wards that principle, watch is in iAct n,
ESSENTIAL part OF the controversy. Nobody
dem that sovereign STATS may adopt d;
tro-shv"ry constitution II they please. The
rail question hc wetn the two parties ri tics
solely to the Tertiiori"s of the United ) ats
Will vet in - Territorial, condition sal
Siaeery be htldtaefc! The h. nocrs.tic purity
speaking throuG|, the pres mt Administrlt on
dccl.rcs that it SuttL EE. The Republican
party declares that ii suNLI. NOT BE. This
Us tue paramount iSsuc--thc si.ull i,>uc-
the issue wnich. without dep nd ,.ca N sub
questions ur sid questions. ras got t. b. de-
c,,ici tor itself ana by its,f, by tie Amcri-
can reoa,, one way or the other.
MIR. BUCHANAN has clearly ennnciltcd the
Dem cratic doctrine. In his Sillinan letter
et August IL, 49,, h1 said slavery cx-
listed at this 'rioi AID still eriay IL haasas
uad-r the Constitution Of the Gntted States.
This point has at last bee, lccitd bv the
highest tribunal known to our hws. How
1t couli ever have been seriously doubted is Il
mystery And he reitei ate,l 1t in his Spec
al Message OF February II, ISIS, aclpm-
ptnylng the Lcc0mpton CONSTITUTE N at
has bsen s,lemnly adjndgtd by the highest
Judicial trlb IN ii that Starry criSfs IN Ian
sos by r,rtae cf The Constitution Of the I'ai-
ted Mates. KANSAS Is, THEREFORE, AT THIS
MOMENT As MICH SLAVE STATE As GEORGIA
OR SouTn CAROLINA. The President raises
the mere 0rbHer eietum of Chief Justice
fancy to the lightly of an authoritiyc iud =
lncnt, and the Dem ,cratic party has ratified
its doctrine. 1t is substantially the doctrine
which Mr.. Calhoun maintained against Mr.
Webster / the Senate DEBATE in rel ton to
Territorial governments in 1919. Mr.. (s,l-
houn held that the Federal Constitution.
with all Its c2ecks and guarantees extended
to the Tcl ritorcs without an act of Congress,
tbnt a 4 Al
quence Congress could no more interfere with
Slavery in the Territories than in tn States,
except t. protect it, Mr.. Webster held that
the Federal Constitution was MT made for
Territories bat for States, and that il could
not operate there without acts Of Cengr -
t. enforce it, and that in cons eqticncc, if
Congress cnos; not t. Nlt.Iliz, STAY ify i, the
Territories, Slav ~ could MT exist there.
The Slavery prop, ludist y M has acquired
clearer outlines than it had VIII N terminated
from Mr.. Calhoun's novelty tceminr mind,
but its essence is unchanged; and. though
the most Of the Democratic leaders of that
day would not accept it, it now forms the
very first article of the creed Of the present
Democratic Administration.
The dot inc that the Federal Constitution
proprio r.gors carries Slavery into the Terri
/
Territory, and thos. who hold the doctrine
arc necessarily &arcry CIT nsaoHiSts The
Democratic party are Slavery extension
party. That is their first. their ,tll-decisyc
distinction. 1t is that which civ them
their positive character. Their opponents on
the other hand are those who are opp ,sed 10
= extending Slavery, and who do n t bciieve
that the Federal Constitution nscessitatcs
such extention. Tney arr agreed in abhor-
ring the new fanglci dogma of ths Calhoun
school, and they are also agreed in the pur-
poses OF thwarting its intended operation.
That being the case all differences between
themselves become of minor consequence.
The mass of the Republican party believe it
to be not only the right but the duty of Con-
gress to Interfere by peitivel 'gislation against
the existence OF Siavl ry in the Territories.
but there are Republicans who, while they
acknowl dye this right in Congress- do not
regard its p 'sitive exercise as either necessary
or cxpedient. They are contcnted to leave
to the people Of the Territories themselves
the entire disposition of the matter, being
perfectly assured that the laws of immis ra-
ton will eNcctually produce Free State mt
Joritics in very Territory, and that IN the ab
since Of all anta2Onistic aJ'tse Of poscer By Me
Federal ErHcutioe, such m.tioritics will just
as effactually tell against Slavery as any act
OF Congress. This MAY all he true, and there
Is no reason whatever why he who holds this
view should not be good Republican. In
fact, the very opinion would require him
to labor all the moro for the election of
Republican President who will not 50 abuse
power for the bchoof of Slavery. Were it
made certain that we Were to haye such an
Executive, the Importance of any Congress
sional legislation upon the subject would at
once dwindlc into insignifcance For the
last four yetrs the Republican party, to
man, have been contending practically for
nothing else than t,lat the najority Of the
people of Kansas sh5uld he allowed the exer-
else of their own free will upon the subject
Of Slavery. and be no longer subject to the
monstrous oppression of the pro-slavery dy-
nasty install el at Washin.t n. There has
been no attempt by the Republican rrpr-
sentatives In Congr, IS to exclude Slavery
from the Territ ry by Il positive act of lcgis-
iation specially framed to that end, and sim
ply because it WAS idt to be unnecessary. 1t
was enough to secure that power For the pco-
Tle OF Kansas, and the the Republican repre-
sentativcs tlr refore found no difficulty in AS
scntlns unanimously 10 Mr.. Crittenden S
Bill reinitting the whole to the people, under
suardntees that the electoral rights of the
people should be protected. The prime OBJ
l,ect was to keep Slavery out of KANSAS The
particular mod OF eifecting this, ST. that it
We're legally effected, WAS OF com aratiycly
Little CONS 3Iucnce.
Wes'y then that the real practical ssEe
between the two great p..rtics is simply that