davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10
Cause and Effect.

The Philadelphia Enquirer, commenting up
on the late horrible massacre of whole tami-
ly in New York, 10y and brother, very
properly, in our opinion, attributes the muir
derer's acts TO the scientific construction of
ardent spirits-tO the infusion of the most dan
gerous and insidious polsons into liquors sold
beverages throughout the country--to the
formation, from subtle drugs, of essential oils
and liqnors, 10y which the commonest alcohol
is converted into limitations OF distilled spirits,
which sold in every part of the country,
and which will account for the peculiar
features of many crimes which lave attrac-
ted the public observation during the last
few years. We have noticed, too, that the
deleterious effects of liquors made by modern
processes are not wholly confined to spirits,
but they arise from many of the wines in conf
mon use, and even from alcs. through the lat
ter of which, cocuius indidus, maddening
poison, frequently used to intoxicate fish, is
often detfused not only in Great Britain, but
in this country. That the law will have to
play its part eventually, to control the rapa-
city of men to make money out of such
murderous ingredients is certain, and if soce-
ty have any regard to its peace and security,
excise laws will be necessity. The subject
is one Of great Importance.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10
Law for Dinner Parties.

And be il enacted, that dinner parties gen.
orally shall consist of two sects of persons =
lst. Those who know one another and End.
Those who wish to know one another; where
by awful pauses may be chiefly avoided at
table and that seven O'Clock shall in future
signify that hour, and not quarter TO eight !;
and that guests hidden at that hour shall as
semble within a few minutes of the same, un-
der the penalty of having to carve the most
popular side dish; and that certain nicknacks,
and illustrated works, be put about the draw
ing-roOm tables, not in the notion that they
will really amuse any body, but that they may
form, as IL were, harbors of refuge for the
gapers, yawners, and unintroduced, who will
then appear occupied, and not stand in painful
and silent expectancy, or ask il there is any
thing fresh in the evening papers, or scrutinse
the lustres, and find that they have not the
full compliment of candles, or peruse the card
bowl, and dig up undesirable ones from the
bottom thereof.-[The Social Parliament, by
Albert Smith.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

THE TRUE PoLIcY.-The true policy of a
town is to support its own mechanics and bu-
siness citizens. Permanent prosperity can on
ly be secured in this way. If our business
men, who pay our taxes, pay license, and keep
the machinery of business moving, are ne
elected, and purchases made at other places,
we can never expect to have home market
worth anything. Too many of our citizens
are in the habit Of buying articles Of merchan-
die and mechanism in the cities, which can
be obtained fully as cheap at home. Our me-
chanics cannot be excelled, and if we would
prosper in business and wealthy we should make
it point to "support our own," and by so
doing give employment to our people, and
keep our money in circulation at home, instead
of sending it abroad, to line the pockets of
city merchsnts, and manufacturers, who con-
tribute nothing to advance the prosperity of
the sscOuntry towns" b. patronizing the
mechanics and business men in our town,
capitalists do but contribute to their own in
terests, as the prosperity of a place always
enhances the value of property.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10
VOL. 5.--NO. Il.
HOW COAL WAS MADE.

Geology has proved that at one period, there
existed an enormously abundant land vegeta-
tion, the ruins or rubbish of which, carried
into seas, and there sunk to the bottom, and
afterwards covered by sand and mud beds, be-
came the substance which We now recognize
as coal This was natural transaction Of
vast consequence to us, seeing how much util-
ity we find in coal, both tor warming our dwell
lings and for various manufactures, as well as
the production of steam, by which so great
mechanical power is generated. 1t may natu-
rally excite surprise that the vegetable remains
should have SO completely changed their APP
parent character, and become black. But this
can be explained by chemistry and part of
the marvel becomes clear to the simplest nm
derstanding, when we recall the familiar fact
that damp hay, thrown into hesp, gives ont
heat, and becomes of a dark color.
When vegetable mass is excluded from the
air, and subjected to great pressure, btu
minous fermentation is produced, and the re-
suit is the mineral coal-whIch is of various
characters, according the mass has been
originally intermingled with sand, clay or 9TH
er earthly impurities. On account of the
change effected by naturalization, it is difficult
to detect in coal the traces of vegetable struc-
tHre but these can be made clear in all except
the highly bituminous caking coal, by cutting
or polishing it down into thin, transparent
slices, when the microscope shows the fibre
and cells very plainly. From distinct inso-
amidst the coal beds, we discover the nature
of the plants of this era. They are almost
all of simple cellular structure, and such as
exist with US in small forms, lhorse-tails, clubs
masses and fens, but advanced TO an enor-
nous magnitude. The species are all long
since extinct. The vegetation generally is
such grows in clusters on, tropical islands;
but it must have been the result Of a high tenn
perature obtained otherwise than that of the
tropical regions now is, for the coal strata arc
now found in the temperate and even in the
polar rcnions.
The conclusion, therefore, to which most
geologists have arrived is, that the earth,
originally iucadescent highly heated
mass, gradually cooled down, and in the car
boniferous period, it fostered growth of ter
restrial vegetation all over its surface, to which
| the existing jnngles of the tropics are mere
harrenness in comparison. The high and uni
form temperature, combined with great pro-
portion OF carbonic acid gas in the manufac-
ture, could not only sustain a gigantic and
prolific vegetation, but would also create dense
vapor, showers and rain; and these again gi-
gantic rivers, periodical inundations and del
tas. Thus all the conditions for extensive de-
posits of wood in estures would arise from
this high temperatures: and every circumstance
connected with the coal measure points TO
such conditions.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

al am afraid we have given you a deal of
trouble, ''said the other stranger.
''Indeed, gentlemen, have enjoyed your
VISIT" said the mechanic, sand shall be glad
10 see you again.
'.Perhaps you may,' said Mr.. Wolf, and
the strangers departed.
Five months afterwards, as the mechanic
whose means were quite limited, sat in his
office, meditating how hard it was to get bu-
siness by the side of such large establishments
as were his competitors, the two strangers
entered. He gave them hearty welcome,
handed chairs, and they sat down.
eve Gomez said Mr.. Wolf, swith propo-
sition to you from the Emperor of Russia.
'sFrom the Emperor? Impossible ~
ssHere our credentials
ssBut gentlemen said the now agitated
mechanic, 'swhat does this mean How have
l earned such an honor 20
ssSimply by your straight forward courtesy
and frankness, combined with professional
intelligence" said Mr.. Wolf s'Because we
were strangers, you did not think necessary
to treat US with distrust or coldness. You
saw we were in earnest in acquainting our
selves with your works, and did not ask us,
before extending to us your civities, what
letters of introduction brought. You
measured us by the spirit We showed, and
not 10y the dignities we could have exhibited"
The mechanic visited st. Petersburgh and
soon afterwards removed his whole establish
mcnt there. He had imperial orders for as
many locomotive engines as he could con-
struct. He has lately returned to this country,
and is still receiving large returns from his
Russian workshop. And all this prosperity
grew out of his unseifsh civility to two stran-
gers, of whom was the secret agent of
the Gar of Russia.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10
For the "Raftsma an Journal >
MY HEAVENLY HOME.
BY LOGAN.


have q home not made with hands,
In heaven eteTnally it stands.
Surrounded by angelic bands;
o, tits a glorious home.
Far from that home here remain
I toll and suffer in pain,
Until that heavenly rest gain;
My dear and happy home.
If had pinions like dove,
With steadfast eye on things above,
I'd mount upon the wings of love,
Up to that blessed home,
Ny Heavenly Father to adore,
To shout and sing forevermOre
His praise, with those who've gone before
To their eternal home.
Loved ones are there. to me most dear,
l knew them we'll when they were here;
They sing in G rod, tn Fathers ear,
Their Gods, who took them home.
/ long to join that glorious band.
To find my place at Gods right hand,
And sing with those who round him stand
In their celestial home.
I'm nearer now that holy place
Than ever since | knew Gods grace;
And L shall soon behold his face
In joy and peace at home.
And | draw nearer every day,
More earnestly l watch and pray
I'm waiting now to hear him say,
Come share thy Saviours home.
Dear Saviour, Give us heavenly grace
To fiji us for that holy place,
And help us still to run the race
That brings US to our home.
o. there shall we most happy be,
From ev'ry sin and sorrow free,
And all our bliss will find in thee
Our dearest Lord, home.
arch ST, Phiiadelphia, Oct. 23d, 1858,
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

ANOTHER HUMBUG.-A new body of reli-
gious enthusiasts, called ssCongreprezites,
have established themselves about 40 miles
north of Council Bluffs, Iowa. The society
comprises about 500 members, and all their
property is held in common. The sect profess
to believe in the Bible as the word of God but
also that it is in a measure done away with by
a new revelation made since she year 1s4S, by
'sthe voice of Baneemy, through the medium
of the Chief Apostolic Bishop" The new
revelations are styled ''the law and Covenants
of Israeli
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10
Sir Gore 0usley.

Those persons who were at a loss to know
what this emissary was about when he was
manoeuvring around Washington, last winter,
have an opportunity now of gratifying their
reasonable curiosity. 1t will be remembered
that Sir Gore sort of household com
panon of the President, and centre of at
traction to the toadies who followed in the
train of Mr.. Buchanan. Well, the gentleman
has turned up at last, in rather startling char
acter. which shows that he was up to snuff at
Washington. A correspondent says:
ssThe British government seems disposed to
relieve us of any trouble in asserting the Mon
roe doctrine, by ordering fleet down to the
waters of Central America as an advance guard
to Sir Gore Ouslcy. After eighteen months
of hohnobbing at the White House, during all
of which time he was in constant and conf
DENTAL communication with his own govern
ment, the mission of Sir Gore, always myste
rious heretofore, is at length revealed. He
succeeded in pulling wool over the eyes of
our very astute diplomacy mongers and having
acquired all he wanted to know, drew ont his
stakes, and parted very afectionately, from
his dear friend, Mr.. Buchanan. The first
notice we get afterwards is that a British fleet
is to be dispatched to Nicaragua, under the
pretence of keeping out fillibusters. Wen,
we shall see that our Monroe doctrine demo-
Gratis, who are clamerous against British in
fuence, while consortIng with British agents f;
making homage to little British titles, without
pedigree or property, and adopting British
policy as against American progress and indus
try, will swallow this precious pill. We had
a sample of the same sort of tactics in the
case of Sir Henry Bulwer, but the Bourbons
who are now in power differ from those whom
Talleyrsnd knew, inasmuch as they forget cY-
erything and learn nothing
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

RussA.-A gigantic fraud upon the Govern
ment had monopolized attention. The Gov
ernment had paid twelve millions of roubles
oyercharge for constructing the St. Petersburg
and Moscow Railroad, the contractors having
charged for much longer line than was laid
down. The rolling stock was furnished by an
American company, according to distance, in
yolving fearful overcharge on this head also.
Many influential persons are compromised by
the transaction. Tremendous fires are report
ed to have occurred at Orel, and five hundred
buildings are said to have been destroyed.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

AFFECTING INcIpENT.-A NewOrleans paper
says, 4 gentleman entering the city from
0syka, found himself In company with four
youths from Kentucky, going to New Orleans
to seek their fortune. He endeavored TO dis
suade them from going in consequence of the
prevailing fever, and advised them TO take
the return cars for home, or they would soon
be the occupants of graveyard. They
fused to return, saying that they would die
first. They arrived in New Orleans, and,
shortly after, three of them were buried, and
the fourth was not expected 10 survive.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

SEEING FAIR PLAY.-Strolling leisurely a
bout Uncle Sans big ship yard, in Washing
ton, the other day. we observed regular
hard-weather saior-looking chap, from man.
of-war. who in turn, was watching two men
dragging large crcss-cut saw through huge
live oat log. The was dull, the log ter
ribly hard. and there they went-see- saw, see
saw-pull, push, push, pull. Jack studied
the matter over while, until he came to the
conclusion they were pulling to see who would
get the saw, and was monstrous big
chap, while the other was little fellow, Jack
decided to see fair play ; SO, giving the big
one clip under the ear that capsized him
end over end, he jerked the saw out of the
log, and giving it to the small one, sung out =
'.Now run, you beggar.''
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

MASSACRE OF AMERICANS BIT MExICASs.-The
editor of the Providence Post, who has been
shown letter from Mr.. John d. Austin, assis-
tant superintendent of the Ell Paso and Fort
Yuma Wagon Road, says: Mr.. Austin reports
horrible massacre at 'sDragoon Springs, one
days travel this side of Tuscan" a party of
four Americans and three Mexlcans were en-
poyed there in building station for the Over
laid Mail Company. The Mexicans made an
attack upon the Americans on the night of the
10Th of September, killing two and wounding
the third SO badly that he subsequently died.
Mr.. ST. John, of New York, in charge of the
party, was also SO badly injured that the am
putation of one of his arms was rendered ne
cessary. When Colonel Leach arrived at Dra-
goon Springs, four days after the occurrence,
he found st. John sitting by his dying COM
panion with his diary in his hand. Neither of
them had been able to get even drink of wa
ter from the time of the assault. Their suf-
ferings were very great. Hopes were enter
tanned of St. Johns recovery.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

BABIEs.-The local editor OF the Buffalo
Republic has made himself one of the immor-
tails by the publication of discovery, which
he has made, of great Importance to mothers;
it is an infallible means of keeping babies,
from two to ten months old, perfectly quiet
for hours. The nrodus operandf is as follows
As soon as the squalier awakes, set the child
up, propped by pillows if 1t cannot sit alone,
and smear its fingers with thick molasses; then
mt half dozen feathers into its hands, and
the young one will sit and pick the feathers
from one hand 10 the other until it drops a.
sleep. As soon as it wakes, more molasses
and more feathers; and in place of the nerve
astounding yells, there will be silence and en-
joyment unspeakable
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

PREPARING TO RECEIvs Us.-An English of
ficer direct from Paraguay reports that Lopez
is preparing effective modes of resistance and
defense by building Notifications and obstruct-
ing the navigation of the river. He has placed
chains and booms across, and proposes sinking
light vessels in tie channel, in which event
our expedition could not ascend. Several
Belgian and Hungarian officers are engaged in
directing onerations
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

FEMALES IMPRISONED FOR LIENS. Lydia
Studiey, awoman of sixty-five years of age,
has been convicted in Rhode Island of the
murder of her husband by the administration
of poison, and sentenced TO the State prison
for life. Mrs. Gardner, convicted of the mur-
der of her husband. at Hingman, Mass, by
poison, has been sentenced to the house OF
correction for life.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

Newton said that the comet of 1850 after
its nearest approach 10 the sun, was tive thou-
sand times hotter than red hot iron. He also
calculated that if it was as large as our earth,
and possessed the quality of cooling enc hun
dred times faster than red hot iron, Eve hun
dred years would be required for II 10 lsse the
heat 1t had acquired from the sun.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

DooT SHOE MAKING The undersignedhay.
ID ing entered into partnership in the above bus
siness, at the end Of the new bridge /! miles a
bove Clearfeld borough, prepared to do all
and most reasonable terms JOHN S. HoYT,
A. G.. HOYT.
Y. p. An kinds Of eonntry produce and hides
aiken in exchange for work June %, 1853.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

A celebrated Spirtualist, DIR. Randolph, has
openly recanted. In lecture at Utica, on
Sunday a-week, he stated it as his candid o.
pInion, founded upon his experience of nine
years a medium, that spiritualism was one
third imposturc, one-third insanity, and one
third diabolism. DIR. Randolph declares that
insanity is the usual fate of trance mediums.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10
TERMS OF THE JOURNAL.

The RAFTsaASs JoURsAL is published on We'd
nesday at 81 SO per annum in advance. If not
paid at the beginning of the year, $500 will be
charged.
ADVERTISEMENTS will be inserted at 81 90 per
square of ~ lines for three less insertions. For
every additional insertion 25 cents will be charg
ed. A deduction will be made to yearly adrer
tisers
No subscription taken for shorter time than
six months, and no paper will be discontinued un-
til all arrcarages paid, except Mt the option of
the publisher. S. Il. ROW.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

NXTAGON MAKING--The Undersigned an
w nOunce to the public that they manufacture
Wagons of all descriptions, Buggies. Sleds, dc, at
their shop in New Salem Brady township Clear
field county which they offer for sale at as reasona-
BILE rates can be purchased elsewhere. They res
pectfuly solicit share of patronage
CAMBRIDGE JOHNSTON,
-Octl- 56-tf WILLIAM LEWIS.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

''yohn, what is the past of see a''
''Seen, sir.'' 60
s'No, John, it is saw -
eyes, sir, and if seG-fish swims by me it
becomesa ,cu-fsh, when it Is past and can's
be seen" r p
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

U0SEpH PETERS, Justice of the Peace Cur
y wensYille, CiearfeId county, Pa, door east
of Montelius It Ten Eyck's Store.-All business
entrusted to him will be promptly attended to- and
ali instruments of writing done short notice.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

John Russell d CO.. Tanners and Curriers',
y PennyilIe Clearicld Co Pa. Keep constantly
on hand an excellent assortment Of leather. which
they offer for sale at the lowest cash prices Hides
of slI kinds taken in exchange. JulyI5-54.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

A MBROTYPES.-P. C. .PURVIANCE, Professor
y of Photographic Chemistry. Gallery at his
residence on Second Street, one door South Of
Acrrell & Carters Tin-ware establishment. Cleay-
field. Pa. days of operation Friday and
Saturday of each week jlneIS56
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

! ARRIMER & TEST, Attorneys at Law, Clear
! 4 field. Pa. viii attend promptly to all legal
and other business entrusted their care in Clear
field and adjoining counties. August 6. 1856.
JAS. II. LARRIHER. ISRAEL TEST.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

TENHOMhS J. MCCULLOUGH, Attorney at Law
4 Clearfeld Pa. may be found at his Office on
Market street ore door west of Richard Mossop's
store Deeds and other legal instruments prepar
ed with promptness ard accuracy. Feb. 10.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

AMES b. GRAHAM, Dealer in Sawed Lumber.
- Squared Timber, Shingles, Boards. 6c., rs-
hamton- Clearield county, Pa, is prepared to fill,
the shortest Tsce, all orders for articles in his
line of business. reasonable terms as they can
be procured in the county. Jan23-' Soft.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

A committee of an agricultural society ont
west, award premium to ssfine cashmere
goat.'' 1t must be great curiosity.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

nR. NJ. WOODS, tenders his professional servi-
~ ces to the citizens of Clearfeld and vicinity.
Residence on Second street, opposite the office of
L. j. Grams, Esq. Office, the same that was recent
II oecspied by Hon. G X Barrett where he can
be found unless absent professional business.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

7 FREDERICK SCHMAEL. Clock and Watch Ma
ker, Cherry street, Zone door east of the Meth
odist Church,) Clcnrfeld, Pa will repair Watches,
Clocks, &c on short notice and reasonable terms
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

AToER T5EEH &-DR; A. 81 HILLS, desires to
4 announce to his friends and patrons, that he
IS now devoting all of his time to operations inDen
tistry Those desiring his services will find him at
his Office adjoining bis residence, at nearly all
times, and always on Fridays and Saturdays, un~
less notified otherwise in the town papers the week
before All work warranted to be satisfactory.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

nENTAL CARD-A. NJ SMITH, offers his pro-
1 fessional services to tho Ladies and Gentlemen
of Clearield and vicinity. All operations upon the
teeth executed with nea.ncss and despatch. Being
familiar with all the late improvements he is pre-
pared to make artificial teeth in the best manner.
Office in ShaH's New Row, Clcarfeld. Sep IS.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

Avoid as you would pickpocket, the man
who says "the world owes him liying.''
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

7 B M'ENALLY, Attorney at Law. Clear6eld
81 Pa. Practices in Clearfeld and adjoining
counties Office in brick addition. adjoining
the residence OF James B. Graham. Nov 10.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

DLACKSMITHTNG.-Ja jacob ShunkweiIer, thank
ID full for past favors, would respectfully solicit
continuance of a share Of public patronage in his
line of business. Shop on Third st. Nov. 10,
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10
PROFESSIONAL & BUSINESS CARDS.

DR. B. L. AKELY, Grahamton, Clearfeld coun-
L. ty, Penn a, April l.
Raftsman's journal. [volume] (Clearfield, Pa.) 1854-1948, 1858-11-10

NHTILLIAM I. IRWIN, Market street. Clearfeld.
w Pa. Dealer in Foreign and Dom estic Mcr
chandise, Hardware, Queensware, Groceries and
family articles generally. Nov. 10.