Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1858-11-10

the London Times of course takes the lead,
and can find nothing too hard for It to say of
the American diplomatist. Yesterday we re-
published an American view of his diplomat,
achievement, embracing an amusing exposure
Of the modification of England therest, and
to-day We spread before the Stars readers
genuine editorial thunder on the subject, from
the laboratory of the great Thanderer Itself
the hondon Ttsfss- on the subject, as follows
we made some observations yesterday upon
the treaty negotiated by Mr.. Reed on behalf OF
the United States with the Row, thftient Of China
probably the weakest and most worthless doc
umeEt that lies among the archives at w ashing
ington. To-day we notice the treaty concluded
with the same semi barharors power by Count
Potiatine on The part o. the Emperor of r ussie-
N instriihent Of a very different order; ana de-
serving TO be ranked among the highest order of
Russia Sas AZ The commencement Of the rup.
tyre With England in a very different position to
that q all the other European Powers: She had
sb Long IA rS s,.ss re WHY sa
on Wy land transport; she had an established
College at Pekin, nominally established for edu.
cationai and ecclesiastical purposes but really
for political and diplomatie objects, and she also
occupied In noiseless manner, but held by !
force suficient to hold in check all the m,litsrt
power OF China. Thp>. circumstances formed
the strength RI her position On the other hand
to other European Powers. She had no maritime
rights. The right to trade at the Eve ports Sas
specifically confined 70 .hc subjects and citizens
g mates: heretofore trading TO Canton The
before they obtained possession Of the country
watered by the Amor had never traded to Can
ton, and therefore had no share In these priv.
tieg"s-~!n fact, the treaty Of 1912 had been spe-
a I'D 60 LII, ~ NM
Of Russia, therefore, in the recent negotiations
was to gain the position OF securing and utiiiz.
ing her new us8rpatiOhs; 10 put herself uton An
equality with the other maritime European ma
lions, ard 10 open up lines OF communication
between her commerce upon the northern from
Tier OF China and the maritime commerce on the
eastern coast. In her FIRST otjett she was early
successful
In the month Of MAY last, by treatv whereof
we know nothing, except by the scanty notice
vouched by the st. Petersburg b Gazette she ac.
CURED alegal right to all that large tract of Eh-
nese territory situated to the north of that wind
ing course OF the Amoor. She thus obtained an
outlet by waterway TO the Eastern Seas in lat
huoe suhaciently southern to give free passage to
commerce for the major Part Of the year. Having
tnus secured her usurpatiohs, her nett object was
10 Utilize them Of course, she proposed to her
self to obtain the insertion IN the treaty about to
be concluded at Tien-sin of the most favored
nation clause, and, this being a forpgone concla-
SION, all special stipuations as to maritime mat
she knew that this onous part of the work
would be done for her by those most interested
In mat particular matter. These nations Dug hit
TO nave been England md America; but, MS Rus
sia, beyond the view of obtaining her own treaty
had also the object of preventing, II possible the
presence Of any other Power at Pekin, and the
circulation OF any other than Russian merchants
,acbsd 9 9e h OF Mr. Reed was de-
an antagonistic position in order to accomplish
These objects, Count Puiistine knowing Lord
blgln we'll enough 10 be satisfied that he would
Ui MS own force obtain general commercial priv
iieSes sumcient to answer the purposes Of Rus
sia The last most able move happily did not
succeed, but II was played with most admirable
subtiety, poor Mr. Reed being the cats paw and
being made all the while to farcy that he was
working for seine Profound result in conducting
the intrigues against England. In reality he
was exactly In the position of the carpenter in
hosarth's picture, laooring hard to saw OH the
plank on which he sits.
This being promised, the Russian treaty will
De found admirably TO subserve the interests Of
Count Pntidtine'S master Ii consists of only
WE'VE articles. The d st contains the usual re-
cltdi, tendlng TO excite smile under the ciTcum-
stances, OF the peace and friendship which has
Tor number Of yeaIs existed between Russia
and China; but II also guarantees an intercommu.
nty OF securities for the subjects of the respect
i've empires. The second article is of more special
importance. 10 regulates the d plomatic relations
between the two Courts, gives 10 every Russian
agent at an open port right II direct communi.
OF Russian ENJOYS, by land or by sea- by any
route they may choose, up to the capital. The
third article gives to Russia the very important
privilege Of trading TO the open ports The four b
puts RUSSIA shipping, in respect of dues upon
the same footing with the other European conn.
tles we may pass over some of the subsea Ne Mt
articles, which relate to the presence Of Russian
ships OF war in Chinese potts, the treatment of
wrecked Russian subj the territorial judicial
immunities of the subjects of the respective ma .
tons, ahd the circulation of ussian miss ionaries
provided with passports signed by Russian au-
tuoflties The ninth article contains d stipuia-
toh dangerous To CEina-that a convention shall
he held 10 settle the ConterminuuS frontiers of the
Two empires. The tenth ,mancip ates the OR u.s.
sian Ecclesiastical Mission 1T Pskin'' from all its
previous conditions of Chinese control: but III.
eleventh draws very close the ties that are here
after TO connect the two countless
This eleventh article provides that regular
postal service shall be established between Pekin
and iakhta-a city on the frontier, northwest
from Pekin, and In line between that capital
ana St REORGANIZATION the communication be-
tween the governments, as we III as for the wants
OF " the Ecclesiastical Nj ission ut Pekin.n 1t is
stipulated that The Chinese couIers sh De Tform
the TO ard fro service between Pekin and Kiakhta
at least once month, ard shall make the transit
In fifteen days. Moreover, il is agreed that every
three months convoy shall make the transit be
tween these points in a space not exceeding one
month; and this convoy shall be equal :. the
transport Of every kind Of effects. The only re-
naming article consis s Of the favored nation
Si"uSC, NC Guy husSld 3CQS 70 TIE special Stip-
ulatonS, which she alone can Use all the ven. II
advantages that have been fou. mt for and neo o.
uaied for by England and France.
We are not now discussing what the ultimate
designs of Russia upon China may be, or how
Ia they may be antagonsic to our CONNIE rcial
Interests, or how far, Dy adding to the strength
OF that colossal Power, their realization NAV be-
come dangerous 10 European liberty. We are
pointing attention only TO the action and result
OF these ve;y interesting and important neaotia.
lions. In this point Of view il is impossible not
IN admire the simplicity and neatneSs Of this di
lnafic instrument. There is nothing in IL that
Is not useful nothing Is Obtrud-d UNNECESSARILY
opportunities are left open for hundred LATER
discussions, but nothing is uncertain in the con :
cessions that Russia thoug ht it important to OBJ
tam As a mere piece of diplomacy, it is quite
perfect In Its kind. Of course, We have no III ht
to complain that Mr.. Putantine intIipre against
England and the rest OF the world, aud tris 10
Keep their statesmen eway from Pekin aud their
merchants out VI the interior. Having presumed
that the policy Of China 4, policy OF territorial
aggression, NJ Putiatine played fair game for
an adequate object. Perhaps we admire his * IL
OF fence with the more good bumor since he wds
foiled in the only lunge that was aimed to wound
Us deeply. IL may, however, not be unimpor-
tant at some future time, with these facts before
us, to reconsider the relations b-tw cen Russia
and China, and to discuss the course of action
o. ned mil