The North-Carolinian., 1858-12-04
THE NORTH CAKOLlNIAN.
FAYETTEVILLE, N. G..
Materials for Paper !.


mon and paper was demanded in such large
quantities, the consequent increased intel
ligence of the people taught them more and
more the value of economy, and it was fear
ed that in time rags would become scarce
that the price of paper would rise enormous
ly. This actually happened three years
ago, and the price of paper rose from two
to three cents pound all over the world.
The London Times offered very large
pl emiun for any substitute which will make
the same quality of paper at a less price; this
set fresh men at work and stimulated those
who were already in the field Of discovery,
and this newspaper is now printed on paper
made from cotton and beet residue, but we
are not aware that they have been so fully
satisfied as to pay the premium. DR.. Coll
yer, at London, discovered that the refuse
of the beat sugar manufactures mixed with
cotton could be made into excellent paper f;
and we believe that the general impression
is that paper has been made from the refuse
alone. There is an abundance of this ma
terial in Europe.
In France, Belgium and Germany there
are 5000 beet sugar manufactures, which
give an annual refuse of 800 900 tons, and
there is about 100000 more obtained from
the refuse of distilleries, so that the sup
ply may be regarded for the present as al
most ilimitable. Very little change is re-
quired in the machinery for manufacturing
paper from it, and it obviates the use of size.
1t is said to contain about 56 per cent. of
fibre, 80 parts Of albumen and cellulose.
and 10 parts offxed salts. Weare inclined
to think, however, that in estimating the
saving which introduction of beet residue
will cause, some important considerations
Nv +bo oD1
his friends. In our opinion, from an exam
ination of the residue and the paper manu-
factured from it and cotton mixed, the fibre
of the beet plays but very small part, and
it is the mucilage VIII ch does the business.
We have not seen any paper of beet resi-
due alone the sample which have come un
der our notice all containing more or less
cotton, and in proportion to the amount of
cotton is the superior quality of the paper.
The beet residue, therefore, seems to us to
play the part of mucilaginous medium in
stead of aqueous one, the tendency of
which is to blind the cotton fbres better
together, to produce sizing and face and
save material by preventing the escape OF
the small and finer cotton fbres from the
pulp, and by filing up the interstices be-
tween the fibres but the amount of fibre
which it contributes, we are convinced, is
small. Iti is, for all this, a great discovery,
and produces an excellent paper, which can
be printed dry; and by varying the proper
tions of beet and cotton, any quality of pa
per can be obtained. The printing paper
for newspap r is made from equal quantities
of each, and is worth about thirteen cents
per pound in this market. Mr. Wincheste,
of 21l center street, in this city, is intro
ducing it into this country.
Another material that VIC wish to notice
is reeds. We have seen some most excellent
wrapping paper made from Carolinian reeds
by manufacturer in the neighborhood OF
this city. Itwas strong, and when unbleacli-
ed had pleasant brown color. The expert
ments are not yet concluded, and we have
many doubts whether any fine paper can be
made from them; but if a good wrapping
paper and the coarser varieties can be made,
it will leave a quantity of rags to be better
employed and therefore we wish success to
the experimenter. We are not by any means
sanguine, however, respecting the ultimatum
Of any of the new materials which are pro-
posed for paper-making but as cotton and
hemp can be cheaply cultivated, the proper
method of cheapening paper will be to pay
attention to the cultivation of cotton, and
spread its geological distribution, SO that the
raw maLef1Al Will cost SO I1bCle Lnab IL can De
used directly to make pulp without having
to be passed through other manufacturing
processes, as well as in manufactured state.
This seems to us to be the idea which should
be propa gated, as it would not only reduce
the price of the materials known, but would
also save the labor and expense of reducing g
the rags, washing and bleaching, and sim
plify the process of paper-making by about
one-third.
DURABLE WooDsS WArHR P1PEs.-Some
wooden pipes laid down for conducting water
at Springfield, Mass, by Charles Stearns, Esq
appear to demonstrate the fact that they are
| more durable in certain situations than pi pes
made Of lead. This plan is to lay them a,
| such depth to prevent atmospheric action
upon them. In sandy or porous earth he lays
them six feet deep, in compact soil four fsel
deep, aud in peaty or swampy soil three fee,
deep. In one place heavy lead pipe was lai6
| through wet meadow, and it required repairs
in four years and had to be lifted in ten. L
| was replaced by wooden pipes which have nov
been twenty years in use, and are in good con
dition yet. The aqueduct pipes which suppl,
| Springfield with water have been in use foul
teen years, and are still in good order. The
are bored logs, the opening being seven inche
in diameter, and charred on the inside surface
by forcing fame through them. The charrn
OF the surfaces of wooden pipes or boards has
wonderful effect in preserving them from dc
| comroe;tioD