The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-12-07

W
ing Treasury notes the Secretary Of the Treasury recon-
mends such revision OF the present tariff as Will raise
the required amount After what have already SAID,
need scarcely add that concur the opinion expressed
Y in his report-hat the public debt should not be in
ly urge upon Congress the duty of making, at thor
present session. the necessary provision for meeting these
liabilities
The public debt the lst Of July, lSJsthe commence
meni OF the preset fiscal year--gas SIS 5977 66.
During the first quarter Of the present year the of
$4,000 900 negotiated Of the loan authorized
by the OF l4th of June, 1s5Smak tho pres
ing public debt, exclusive OF treasury notes S35
1897 10. There the LIST Of rJuy, 1855 o
sury notes issued by authority OF tie ACT Of December %
1887 unrcdeemed, the sum Of sla7 ,soo-makng the
amount OF actual Indebtedness at that date s6s el0
~ %. To this viii be added $40 1000 900 during the
present fiscal year-this being the remaining half Of the
loan OF $50, 900 900 not yet negotiated.
The rapid increase of the public debt and the Necessity
which exists for modification Of the tariff, to even
the ordinary expenses OF the government ought to ad
monish all respective spheres Of duty, TO the
practice OF rigid economy. The objects OF expenditure
should De limited IN number, as lar al tins may De prac
tcabie and the appropriations necessary TO carry them
into effect ought 10 be dshursed under tho srctes nc
countabi!ity Enlightened economy does not consist in
the refusal TO appropriate money for constitutional pur
poses essential TO the defence progress and prosperity OF
the republic, but in taking care that mono Of this money
shall be wasted by mis;nanagcmen IN its application to
I the objects designated by law
Comparisons between tho annua, expenditure at the
present time and wha, twenty years ago are
altogether iaclous The rapid increase Of country
in extent and population, renders corresponding increase
/ Of expenditure, to some extent, unavoidable This is
constantly creating objects OF expenditure and
mentng the amount required for the old. The true
questions then have these objects been unnecessarily
multiplied or has the amount expended upon any or ~
of them, been larger than Comports with due
In accordance with these principles the heads Of the
ferent executive departments OF the government s.
been instructed to reduce their estimates for the next ~
year 10 the lowest standard consistent with the 81
cheney Of the service and this duty they have performed
in spr OF Just economy. The estimates Of the Urea
sury War, Navy and Interior departments have each
been in some degree reduced and unless sudden and
unforeseen emergency should arise, is not anticipated
that deficiency will exist either within the present
the next fiscal year The Post Office Department, is paced
! in peculiar position different from the other depart
! n,cnts and 10 this shall hereafter refer.
REDUCED
invite Congress- TO institute rigid scrutiny to
tain whether the expenses all the departments cannot
be sll further reduced; and promise them all the aid
in my power n pursuing the investigation.
Secretaries of War; OF the Navy, Of the Interior and of
the Postmaster General They each contain valuable in
formation and important Recommendations, to which
invite tie attention Of Congress.
ADDITIONAL SNAIL sIkAsEKs NECESSARY.
In my last annual message took occasion to recon-
mend the immediate construction of small steamers
light oraught for the purpose OF increasing the efficiency
Of the navy. Congress- RESPONDED to the recommenda
ton By authorizing the construction OF egh. OF them The
progress which has been made in executing tbs author
ty is stated in the report Of the Secretary Of the Navy
concur with him N opinion that greater nunber Of this
Of vessels necessary the purpose OF protecting
in more eicicnt the persons and property OF
American citizens on the high seas and foregn coun
tries, az well u in guarding more efectuaiy our
coasts accordingly recommend the passage as an act
| for this purpose.
/ POSTMASTER GENERAL
The suggestions contained ia the report OF the Scre.
tnry Of the Interior, especially those regard tho
position Of the public domain the pension and bounty
land system. the policy towards the Indians, and the
OF our patent laws are worthy O: the serious
i consideration OF Congress.
Tie Pest once Department occupies position very
different from that Of the other departments For many
years the polr of the government TO render this
self-sustaning department; and IL this now be
accomplished the present condition OF the country We
ought to make as rear an approach to may be prac
/. ticsb,c
The Postmaster General placed in mos, embarrass-
ing position by The existing laws He Is Obliged 10 carry
these into eject He has other alternative. He finds
however, tia, this cannot be done without heavy de-
ands upc TIE treasury and above what received
for POSTAGE and these have been progressively increasing
from year TO year until they amounted for the last fiscal
year, ending on the 3oth juno, 1885, To than four
millions and half Of dollars whilst il is estimated that
for the present fiscal year they will 50 800
coo These sums are exclusive OF the annual appropra
ton Of s1o00o for compensation FOR the mail service
performed Tor the two houses Of Congress and the other
departments and officers Of the government ia the trans
yortsuon q free mat,er."
tn cause o. these large deficits is mainly attributable
80 tie increased expense OF transporting the mails Ia
ls5a the srm paid Tor this service but fraction
above four millions and quarter. Siuce that year
annually increased until in 1858 /; has reached than
ega million ant quarter and for the service Of 1869
estimated that viii amount 10 more than ten mil
| ions oi dollars.
The reoer,s Of the Post oace Departures, can be made
10 approach equal expenditure only BY ineans Of
should be taken that the people shail be de-
privca of the advantages which they are fairly entitled 10
enjoy from the Poet once Department The principal
remedies recommended the consideration o. Congress
by the Postmaster General 10 restore the former
of postage upon single letters 70 Use cents substitute
for the frahSns privilege the delivery "a those
tied C. enjoy II, a post cnice stamps FOR their
pcndencc and 10 direct thc department. IL making
tract, fot the transportation Of the ina genuine Itself
~ Tho payment os the for this single pur
pcse, without requiring 20 be transported in post
coaches or carr ages q particular description Under
the present system, the expense TO the \
greatly increased by requiring thai the mai shall be
RED IN sCch vesieics wll accommodate psssengcrs
Ths viii be done without pay from the department,
all roads where ile travel Viii remanesa,e the coz
TRACTORS
These recommendations deserve be grave Consideration
q CongreSr.
INA rsrl,Io aauRoap
~0ua agan call your sitento % the construction 81
Pacific railroad TINE arr reelection have bp served 10
confirm the truth ant justice 81 observations
which made tna 1cct my las, nlai IA, sage
10 wbch be- leave respectfully ~ refer.
II y freely admitted that u would b. oesredcn, for
u. governmh al IT, exercise Tie power OF constructing
the Pacific railroad by ts own immediate agents such
policy wound increase the atronDgc q the executive
aasggtross extent, IRA intf0dsee - stcn 81 oobng
an cGrruptan vhch vigilance tie part Of federal
ocas tonld either proven, Or detect Tbs Gully DO
Gene ~ 'c Keen eye and active and careful supervision
81 individual and private interest The construction q tbs
road ought therefore, 80 bc comm tied companies
rora,cd ny The states Or Other agencies whose p,crnary
interests Would be directly involved. COngfess might
then aEsst them in the work ~ grants u had %
money, ~ both, under sach conditions and restrictions
would secure tie uaDspoFtacn II troops AID auBtons
10 NIr Tree from any charge. and that OF ihr United
iaal Il iar and reasonable price.
The progress IL events pince the commencement ~
yoHr last hos shown how faculties disappear
tgicfe ufm anu determined res0l1ton. Al that lme
such road deeniod b. xlsc aud patriotic men
~ b. . visionary project. The great stance 70 10
overcome, and The Intervening mountains and deserts
tuc wuy sere Obstacles VI th ~ he opinion q many,
could not % ssno,Bfd Now, after the lapse Il but
single year, these otstaCte, 4 has been discovered
far less iormdah' ihan thcy supposed % b. and
maj stages, with asseLgcfs pass and repsss regu-
" twice "a each week, by common wagon rosa between
san francsco ard - Iogs and Memphis. 10 less than
twenty hye asys. Toe service aas been regularly De.
formed a. VAS IN former years bcueca New YORK and
this city.
WLls disca.ming all authority 70 appropriate mcney
for the cOnsrgcton o tbs road that from
the making power Of the constitution there are in
Inrtant collateral ieraiOps urging 10 undertake.
the work speedily as possible.
Tho IEt AMI most moinchtous Of these Is, tina, such
road would 30 a powerful h0nd 81 union bowerl the
Staies east aud wet of the Roxy Mountains ms
4 70 sell evident a. 10 require 20 illustration
But agsn, IN commercial point VI Wow consider
tbs the great question Of the day. With thu eastern
front " cur rsBbc stretching along the Atlantic aud ~
western front along the IN &C. al the pirts should d.