The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1858-01-21

ot6NeIy, the excllSlutut DcyOUu uCI " AhAAtS wa
speedily pass away, and she will then for the frs
time be left, as she ought to have been long since, Il
manage her own affairs in her own way. II her con-
~stitution on the subject of slavery, or on any othel
subject, be displeasing to a majority of the people, nc
human power can prevent them from changing i
within q brief period. Under these circumstances, II
may well be questioned whether the peace and quiet
Of the whole country are not Of greater importance
than the mere temporary triumph OF either OF the
political parties in Kansas.
Should the constitution without slavery be adopted
by the voice of the majority, the rights of property IN
slaves now in the Territory are reserved. The num-
Der Of these is very small; but if it were greater the
provision would be equally just and reasonable.
These slaves were brought into the Territory under
the constitution of the United States, and are now the
property of their masters. This point has at length
been finally decided by the highest judicial tribunal
of the country-and this upon the plain principle
that when q confederacy of sovereign States acquire
q new territory, at their joint expense, both equality
and Justice demand that the citizens of one and all OF
them shall have the right to take into it whatsoever
is recognized as property by the common constitution.
To have summarIly confscated the property in slaves
already in the Territory, would have been an act Of
gross injustice, and contrary to the practice Of the
older States of the Union which have abolished
slavery.
Utah Matters.
The difficulties with the Mormons are recapitulated
Any disposition to interfere with their religious belief
and opinions, is disavowed; but as they have, by their
acts and the threats of their leaders, placed them
cCAFC III DpD5illOn ~ IA CDitCd oNitCo 1otnO itNo,
their rebellion must be punished. This is the first
rebellion that has existed in our Territories, and hu-
mainly itself requires that we should put it down in
such a manner that it shall be the last. To trife with
it would be to encourage it and render it formidable.
We ought to go there with such an imposing force as
to convince these deluded people that resistance would
be vain, and thus spare the effusion of blood. We can
in this manner best convince them that We are their
friends, not their enemies. In order to accomplish
this object it will be necessary, according to the esti-
mate of the War Department, to raise four additional
regiments; and this / earnestly recommend to Con-
gress- At the present moment of depression in the
revenues Of the country, / am sorry to be obliged to
ecommend such IL measure; but / feel confident of
the support of Congress, cost what it may, in sup
pressing the instruction, and in restoring and main
tanning the sovereignty of the constitution and laws
over the Territory of Utah.
Territory Of -4risona.
recommend to Congress the establishment Of n
territorial government over Arizona, incorporating
with it such portions of New Mexico as they may deem
e%xpedient. l need scarcely adduce arguments in sup
port of this recommendation We are bound TO pro-
tect the lives and the property of our citizens inhab-
iting Arizona, and these are now without any efficient
protection. Their present number is already consid-
cradle, and is rapidly increasing, Notwithstanding the
Disadvantages under which they labor. Besides, the
proposed Territory is believed to be rich in mineral
and agricultural resources, especially in silver and
copper. The mails of the United States to California
are now carried over it, throughout its whole extent,
and this route is known TO be the nearest, and be-
lieved TO be the best, to the Pacific.
Pacific Railroad.
The necessity for a Military Railroad to the Pacific
is enlarged upon; the constitutional power Of the
United States to assist in constructing it, or to build
il entire, is asserted.
The difficulties and the expense of constructing a
Military Railroad to connect our Atlantic and Pacific
States, have been greatly exaggerated. The distance
on the Arizona route, near the sd parallel of north
latitude, between the western boundary of Texas and
the Rio Grande, and the eastern boundary of Califor-
MIA on the Colorado, from the best explorations now
within our knowledge, does not exceed four hundred
and seventy miles, and the face of the country is, in
the main, favorable. For obvious reasons, the gov
eminent ought not to undertake the work itself, by
means of its own agents. This ought to be committed
to other agencies, which Congress might assist either
by grants of land or money, or both, upon such terms
and conditions as they may deem most beneficial TO
the country. Provision might thus be made, not
only for the safe, rapid and economical transportation
of troops and munitions of war, but also of the public
mails. The commercial interests Of the whole coun-
try, both East and West, would be promoted by such
a road; and, above all, it would beIa powerful addi-
tional bond of union. And, although advantages OF
this kind cannot confer constitutional power, yet they
may furnish auxiliary arguments in favor of expe-
diting a work which, in my judgment, is clearly en-
braced within the war-making power.
For these reasons L commend to the friendly con-
sideration of Congress, the subject of the Pacific Rail-
road, without finally committing myself to any par
ticular route.
The Treasury.
The receipts during the fiscal year, ending june
80, 1857, were $685. 31 81 81; balance on hand at
the commencement Of the year, S19,901 1925 As
total, SIS, 532, 839 II. Expenditures, so. SD. ia
IS, Of which 5,943, 1876 81 were applied to the re-
demption of the public debt. Balance in Treasury,
July l, 1857. 17,71O,114 q. The estimated reve-
nue. for the present year, with the balance on hand
will be S75,3 S9, 534 0S. The expenses are estimated
at : IA, 1868, O58 Al, but thi. amount is liable to be in
creased from existing causes
The Nary.
The construction of ten small war steamers of light
draught is recommended. Their estimated cost is
S230,000 each.
The Indians.
The whole number of Indians within our Terrific
rial limits is believed to be. from the best data in the
Interior Department, about 325, 000.
The present system Of making them valuable pre-
sents to influence them to remain at peace las proved
Intellectual. 1t is believed to be the better policy to
COLOMBO them in suitable localities, where they can
receive the rudiments of education, and be gradually
induced to adopt habits of industry. SO far as the
experiment has been tried it has worked we'll in prac-
tice, and it will doubtless prove to be less expensive
than the present system.
The tribes of Chrokees, Choctaws. Chickasaws and
Greeks, settled in the territory set apart for them west
of Arkansas, are rapidly advancing in education and
in nil the arts Of civilization and selfgovernment
snd we may indulge the agreeable anticipation that
Mt no very distant day they will be incorporated into
the Union IS one Of the sovereign States.
Post Office Department.
In 1927, there were 1000 post offices; in 1887,
1l.l77; in 1S47, 1916; and in 1857 they number
&c .586. In this year TBS post offices have been es-
tsblished and 704 discontinued leaving a net increase
of ,051. The post masters of 36S offices are appointed
by the President
The length of post roads in 1927 was los, 1886 miles
in 1887, IA $40 miles; in 1917, 1888 miles; and
in the year 1857 there are 242, COL miles of post road
including 2,510 miles of railroad, on which the mails
are transported
The expenditures of the department for the fiscal
year ending on the 30th June, 1857, as adjusted by
the Auditor, amounted to S11 SOY $40. To defray
those expenditures there was to the credit Of the de-
partment ON the 1st July, 1856, the sum of S7s9, 500;
the gross revenue of the year, including the annual
allowances for the transportation of free mail matter,
produced S8,053 ,951; and the remainder was sup
piled by the appropriation from the treasury of g.
1000. granted by the act of Congress approved
Aug. 1S, 1856, and by the appropriation of $500, sS3
made by the act of March 8, 1857, leaving S252, 763
to be carried to the credit of the department in the ac-
caunss of fha currauf vear commend 10 vour NJ,