New-York daily tribune., 1858-12-16
COMMISSIONERS OF EMIGRATION.
Balance Of Commuta.ion Fund.
AMERICAN INSTITUTES FARMERS GLUE.

Balance Of Commuts.ion Fund. slS,5No ~
AMERICAN INSTITUTE FARMERS CLUB.
TUEsDAY Dec. II, ls.1S.-Tne Club met as usual at
the rooms Of the American lnstitnte-Wn. LAwro>
in the chair. Tie Secretary, the Hon. H. MEIGs,
reed his accustomed selections OF interesting papers on
agricultural discoveries cleaned from foreign Jour
mails and domestic correspondence. Among these
were letter from ID. n. Minor OF Melbourne, Aus
M for ntrod1cton into that country speaking in
glow ing terms If its mild climate and pronc sol and
OF lis crops for which he car oply find parallel IN
the field OF California and notice OF recent discov-
ery by NJ. &. Liegel of Germany This cnltivstor
says that has discovered that the stones OF pl1ns
more than their external FORMS denote their variety
ano especially their size AMI color.
The subjects of the day coming in order, Pro MAPEs
spoke Of tie eicacy of rdging clay soils in Autumn
BY spreading manure broadcast, and cover0g 1t by
rdging ana back furrosing, the aumna and carbon OF
the soil viii retain the ammonia OF the manure; ana
the alternate rosts and heats Of Winter viii deconpose
the tenacious coGs If clay and render the so lighter
A cub soil cut midway between the ndges ef-ctualy
Grains the ridges. popular alacy Is that clay soils
retain well because o their impeDatrsbty to
water Instead of this being the case. the farmers
now understand that soils bave more water 10 them
than heavy c.dys. IL j. the aunina Of the clay that
is al the bottom of the secrst.
Prof. Nash, of the American Farmers Magazine,
concurred most heartily in the views advanced rs to
the importance of Winter RIGGING Of clay coils, but he
particularly desired to know how sandy soil could be
TO be proftably Fall plo~ed.
nj u
Spotswood y. j. applied muck to a sandy sol to, in
degree prevent It's beng" blowy, and to further
the end, raised crops of peas, &C., and plowed
them in. For two or three years he Sas unsuccessful,
but finally, rejecting that his corn-hils, which were
left thIoug hout the Winter might, by the action of
frott. become pniverulelt a 10 Keep up the
blowy nature OF the soil he made it his const Int
practice 10 this dag, 20 lay fiat every ridge ami corn
hDl his fields ami 10 pack the surface wei by pass
ing heavy roller over it Prof NJ thought that
,dging was not beneficial in sell sandy as this,
but that on the contrary, rolling wac OF decided use.
Prof NASH agreed perfectly 10 the views expressed
by the speaker and thought the SPECIAL treatment OF
each -o should be governed by dlscrlmln 1tlon ana
good Judgment that the same treatment vas decidedly
not needed by al soils, but that circumstances alter
cases
Prof. M.PEs proposed the next subject for discus
sion and after brief remarks by the venerable
Secretary proceeded 10 speak of the Winter treatment
of msnures. He advanced the views previously set
forth at the Club, To tue different character OF MN
erals in different degrees of refinement or progression
Tie potash in a soil made by deconposed ie.spar Il
uch less refined and valuable to plants than the POI
ash il unleached wood ashes. The carbonate of lime
in the body OF man is much more suohmated thaI
that III the chalk cliffs Of Dover, or tue mHDie
of Westchester County. Now these ultimate particles
become refined every time they pass from one king
dom to another. This change goes on continually ID
the manufe-heap. The contact OF masses Qt ierment
escibIe matter developes a tendency to De e'ompore
And as the salts ard organic portions OF that manure
duplicates which It in the Wild parts oi tne
mineral world, the farmer should strive TO keep tne
heap 20 as 10 save every grain Oi ierliA%ef' ne
manure should all be got together into heap, aer
mating layers Of swaInp-muck or eai-nloii Win tAo
dung. The heap should De pct under shed, 10 pro-
tee. 1t from blowing winds eacnpg raihs, or mol suns
Beneath the heap, tight floor should be made, ~hlch,
shelving toward ole corner, CONDUCTS al tue les;h
OF the heap into cisern, whence II Is puIpeu oicA
continually, until the whole mass becomes lohogehe,
ous. Tie shed and al its appurtenances can De ha1
for mere trte and its cost Is saved n very s"it
time.
Prof MaFEs protected against the practice OF
spreading the surface t helds ana declared
he would discharge any la5orer who snOuh De Suhy
OF sach practice on his farm.
A venerable Old farmer, Mr.. PIKE, oi Ne" jersey,
said that there advantage oil the system set
forth by Prof Lspes which hs bad nesected u nieu.
ton, bot which to lis mri has an argument sGfncelt
to warrant tire use of manuTe sheds. he usei -ned
and tank as Gescbed ana De thought that the SEEDS
Of the weeds IN tie heap were Ieooihposs ala nus
the farmer would be spared immense deal Oi .AD'f
IN the ueAt year wedding.
TIE CHALNAs called for rev SUBJECTS icf the nef'
MEETING.
Mr.. 0Ico1r proposed. The National Valie Of the
"CLinese Sugar Can, and i: beins pat to vote Vas
sdoyteJ.
Prof. MARS was clad that the subject had been
proposed tor ne hal found IN agncn4iural JOURNALS
ir,I all parts OF the country abundant testLnon! as
10 ia : s'ce Fyervyhere iuos-se- hal been made,
End be- he'd samples of sugar Mode oy MI L"'srns .,
Plilaocphia mich oi -u2aI-i amer has iecI.fei
"a b. ss pefir, in qu.l - snd pr1osoy . g'ea' N
Weld - the Llui-iaEa cane h he'd stal~s OF s"iSno
which al ben cut tor several wseAs' AN "licA ne
fund On eNsuinaiilu within !eN day-' u pave oeeh
cutie unaffected by frost-. Toe Jlee wa a. s"eet
and az cry.iahzsb, ~ il ever .E-, while rclsnsaT
cAne souh have spii- i in -, days.
w. OLcoTr reuarked tna; IN gre---on usi Geily
Assumed a national imFo.taLce. There were - many