The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-12-28
[FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT

L.
WASHINGTON, Dec. &c, 1858.
The delay of our Government in receiving the
JUAREz Minister from Mexico, naturally excites
much surprise, in view of the fact that Senior MArA
has returned with the full powers, to obtain which
he journeyed to Vera Cruz and back, not long
since. He left Washington with the understanding
that the JUAREz Government would be promptly
recognized by his reception, if he returned with
full powers to conclude such treaty as the PREsI-
DENT deems advantageous to the UNITED STATES
The treaty desired is one that shall provide for the
settlement of claims of American citizens against
Mexico,-cede us right of way through Sonora
and chihuahua to a free port on the Gulf of Cali
fornia, and arrange terms for trade and commerce
which shall be mutually advantageous. 1t is not
unlikely that the President also seeks treaty
conceding to the UNITED STATES the right to estab
fish line of military posts, Sonora and Chi
huahua, to defend the proposed right of way, and
protect it from either the Indian tribes the ac-
cidents of Mexican revolution.
Senior MATA, understand, is clothed with full
powers to do every thing in reason, except cede
territory, for moderate consideration in cash which
with the recognition of the JUAREz Government,
will have the effect of establishing and giving per
manence to the Liberal party. Nevertheless, the
PRESIDENT hesitates to receive him, although the
subject was fully discussed in Cabinet meeting a
few DAYS ago.
1t is said that one of the causes of this hesitation
is the fact that ZULoAGA holds the City of Mexico
this possession of the seat of Government constitutes
him de facto President of the Republic. Our own
treaty of Peace, however, with Mexico, was nego-
tiated at Guadalupe Hidalgo, with Government
then in exile from the Capital and the ad interim
President convoked the Mexican Congress at the
City of Queretaro to ratify that convention. So
when General ALVAREZ obtained control of the
country, although he was not in possession of the
Capital Mr.. GADsDEN went to Cuernavaca to meet
and recognize him as President.
MIR. BUCHANAN, however, has abandoned this
ground OF objection to Senior MATA; and have
reason to believe that at present he only awaits
further evidence of the ability of JUAREz to sustain
himself as the chief of the misunderstanding been
assured that in all probability he will be supplanted
by some other Liberal leader at an early day It
would be idle to hope for the permanence of any Gov
eminent IN Mexico, and We to await the estab
lshment of one having the assurance of that quail
ty, it would be long time before we secure a
treaty from, or resume diplomatic relations with
that Republic. Meanwhile European influences are
left there to shape affairs to suit European in
terests.
Much interest centres upon the election of
.. S. Senator from Louisiana, to succeed Mr.
BENJAMIN, whose term of service expires in March
next: The election is expected to come off on the
4th Monday In january. Senator SLIDELL has
been working, during the last year, to secure Mr.
BENJAM1N's reelection; but the DoUGLAs movement
ln'Louisiana would seem to have disarranged his
plans, and created strong party in the Legislature
in favor of Mr.. SoULE, upon whom all the clements
OF opposition, both to Senators SLIDELL and BENJA
MIN, are now said to have united. Mr.. SLIDELL, it
is understood therefore abandons the fortunes of
his colleague, and advocates the election of Hon.
JOHN M. SANDIDGE, at present a Representative in
Congress from Louisiana. Although Mr.. SoULE is
a Democrat, his election, under the circumstances
would be defeat of the National Administration
and DOUGLAS triumph.
In Naval circles much sympathy is manifested in
behalf of a number of officers who having been de-
graded by the action of the Naval Retiring Board
were not among those recently restored by the
PRESIDENTS nomination. The necessity for the Re-
firing Board arose out of long continued hesitation
on the part of the Executive to exercise his dscre
tonary power to weed out of the Navy those men
who were unit for service. As consequence, so
many incompetent undeserving men had become
fixtures in the service that one PRESIDENT was
willing to assume the responsibility of dropping
them from the roll and the Inquisitorial "Board
OF Thirteen" was accordingly organized, with al
most absolute powers, in secret conclave, without
witnesses or opportunity given to any man for de-
fence,-to strike down whomsoever they chose. 1t
Is to De hoped that the result of this experiment
will preclude the possibility of any future effort to
transfer Executive responsibility to irresponsible
shoulders.
WASHINGTON, Dec. q, 1858.
The brilliant accounts just received from the
ella gold region and published in this mornings
papers, have good reason to believe are well
founded, having seen private letters from highly
respectable parties, confirming them in every par
tcular. The gold field since the later discoveries,
extends along both sides of the ella river for dis
lance of an hundred and sixty or seventy miles,
all the wav from Fort Yuma eastward to the Pimos
Indian villages. At last advices over six hundred
men were at work. the least fortunate of whom
were making four dollars per day, while others
ranged all along from that sum up to as high a.
Sl.5O per day. few of the miners had struck the
bed rock at depth of twenty feet or more below
the surface, and were taking out an average of
fifty dollars day per man.
My own letters, from California, BY last steamer
mail, advised me that at ella river gold fever was
beginning to exhibit its symptoms; and overland
mail advces state that vessels were already adyer-
tised there for the Colorado river and the Gila
mines, loading with supplies of provisions and of
mining and farming implements. The conductor
OF the overland mail stage aso states that he pass
ed over five hundred men on their way from Cali
fornia to Arizona.
The new and rich silver lead referred to in the
dispatches, was discovered on lands belonging to
Lieut.. MowRY, the delegate from the proposed Ter
rit0ry OF Arizona. Its estimated value is almost
incredible being greater than that of the cele-
hrated HEINTzLEMAN mine. The letters bringing
these extraordinary items of intelligence are from
the clerk of the Probate Court of Dona Ana Co.,
the Sheriff of said county, an army officer and two
OF the wealthiest merchants of that region Lieut.
MowRY certifies them all as perfectly trustworthy
gentlemen, whose judgments are not likely to be
swayed by unfounded enthusiasm.
Professor ToRREY, of the New York Assay Office,
having tested the value of the ella river gold dust
fixes it at Sl9. go per ouncewhich is finer than the
best California dust, and at least three dollars per
ounce better than the best Fraser river dust 1t is
to be hoped that these new developments will not
tempt men who are doing well, to leave their homes
and business in the States and rush for the mines
Many sad experience in connection with Califor-
MIA and Fraser river cautions against such i'll ad-
vised and reckless emigration. Gold mining at best
is lottery, in which the blanks are more numerous
than the prizes. A man with nothing else to do,
wisely may try his fortunes in the experiment; but
to exchange any certainty for the uncertainty of
success in gold digging, is very doubtful pro-
ceeding.
Many, however, will want to know how to get
to the new mines. The best road from this side of
the Continent is by way of New Orleans, Galveston,
or Pc der Horn on the Gulf. San Antonio, Texas,
and Ell Paso From New Orleans to San Antonio
there are connections nearly or quite every day;
and between San Antonio and Ell Paso there is an
admirably managed weekly line of post coaches
run by the U. $. mail contractors. At Ell
Paso abundant conveyance to the mines, by coach
or on mule-back, can be had. The Indians of the
Plains are disposed to be little troublesome, but
will rarely, if ever, attack party of dozen well
armed and resolute men, who are on their guard
against surprise, and evidently determined to de-
fend themselves and their property.
Unless some unexpected turn in the affairs of
Mexico shall occur, it is not probable now, that the
President will definitivey decide upon the policy
of receiving Senior MATA, and so recognizing the
JUAREz Government for fortnight to come Mean
time am inclined to believe from the indications,
that the probabilities are in MATAs favor. There
has been rather decided conviction in the minds
of some parties here, that the PRESIDENTS hesita-
ton to receive MATA arose from assurances that
General RoBLEs would soon be at the head of the Mex
lean Government, ROBES having indicated his will.
ngness in the event of success to sell Sonora and
chihuahua to the UNITED STATES for the benefit of
the British holders of Mexican bonds. While there
is good reason to believe that this proposition was
made on behalf of ROBES, do not believe it is
the influence which controls the PRESIDENTS
hesitation, as the developments of the next
fortnight doubtless will show. Senior MArAs
powers, it seems, cover cession to the
UNITED STATES of right of way across any
part of Mexico, the establishment of free ports to
the termini OF any inter-oceanc transit which may
be selected, and the appropriation of third of
the money which the UNITED STATES are willing to
pay for these concessions, to be used in improving
the harbors at such termini.---
There is significance in the published declaration
that Mr.. FORSYTH has not thought of resigning his
position as Mexican Minister. 1t is a public decla-
ration made behalf of Mr.. F. of the issue which
he seems determined to make with Mr.. BUCHANAN.
FORSYTH, you know, was ordered to close his Lee
cation and come home, which he did; and in the
annual message the PRESIDENT refers to him
"our late Minister to Mexico" This certainly
shows that the PRESIDENT considers Mr.. FoRsYTH's
mission ended. Not so, Mr.. F. who insists that he
Is still Minister, and that soon diplomatic re-
lations with Mexico are renewed, he will resume
the functions of Minister.
Tba Indiana Matboa;st E,;soooal Conforonoa