New-York daily tribune., 1858-10-01


The earth works for man. II i. . machine which
yields service to every application of intellect.
Every plant il manuiactory of soil In the stem of
the plant development begins. The tree can draw
the whole air, the whole earth or the rolling main.
The tree is all suction pipe imbbng from rSe ground
by s roots, from the air by its twigs, with al its
might. Tie atmosphere is an immense distery,
drinking in the oxygen and the carbon from l.auts,
and absorbing the Of every solid on the globe
IL il the receptacle from which s things spring, and
into which al return. The invisible air takes form
snd soh msss. Our sceptics, and only be-
h We the impressions of the moment They do not
believe what is demonstrated to nen-tha these ass
mountain chains made Of gsses and rolling wind.
They do not believe what u true, that one-hAi the
rocks which compose the great globe. every
solid substance. the soils We cultivate. are made
mp Of animals. and plants, snd invisible oxygen
Nature Is subtle as she u strong her pro-
of decomposition and reconstruction might De
followed out in higher grades Of existence ranA INTO
rank, to .entien beings. They bum with Internal hrc
which wastes while Il works. The great aXeneies
work in man as in all.
There is no porter like gravaation, who wal bring
down any weight which you cannot carry, and he
wants aid he knows where find his felow.laborers
Nser works in masses and ses his lrrestsele snooi-
der to your mills and yoar shops. or transports vost
bowlders of rock Thousand miles. But Its Tar greater
pc hes in its capacity 70 enter She SMALLEST holes
and pores. BY its sgency the vegetable world exists
carrying in solution the elements needful To every
plant. Wafer that daily miracle-a substance ss
explosive as gunpewderths electro force coatained
in drop OF water bng equal in amount to that which
is discharged from thunder-ctoud. quote from the
exact Ysrraday.
While the farmer has these grand eac~ lsbo,ers TO
assist him, and these majestic tools to work WITH it
must be owned that he is not quite competent to their
direction, His servssfs sometimes too strosg for
him. Ihs tools are too sharp. But this ineqnAhty
fnds its remedy in practice. Experience gradually
tcnohes him, and he il thoughtfd. The farmer hsfes
Innovation he hates ths hoe till he tries r. preferyiug
l.. .~.1I ha hsa tvla.l
the railway car but the oldest foges among us, row
that the Atlantic Gable n laid would hardly act Gus TO
dis patch letter across the ocean by swimming with
it in his mouth. While such grea. energies are work
ing for the fsrmer he IS also to reeoes. tne g.eG.
eQuired. It's internal force consists IN few simple
arrangements Look, for instance, at the powers OK
chestnut rail, Look at that prairie, hundrdn ct miles
off not stick stone upon it, except az rare inter
vas Well the farmer manages to put up rail fence,
ard Q. once seeds sprout and crops rise II WA only
the browse and fire that kept them down. Plant
fruit tree by the roadside and il will not produce. al
though il receives mary hints from protested stones
and sticks that fruit is desired to come down, and
though fruit has gone crude into the bowels Of small
boys But put fence around il, the boys will let 1t
alone and you will have fruit large and assous as
to seem almost inviting you to take ts picture before
being sent to the Horticultural Fair
Nature drops pine cone in Mariposa, and il grows
three or four centuries producing trees thirty feet in
circumference. How was it done - They did not
grow on q ridge, but in q basin, where they found
deem and dry soil and where they could protect them
selves from the sun by growing in groves, and from
the winds by the mountain shelter The planter who
saw them remembered his orchard at home, where
every year destroying wind made his pears and
peaches look bleak suffering virtue, not better
than Aboitionsts while the fat Democrats that had
got their taprOots into the National Treasury grew
stout and hearty. So he went home and buIt high
wall on the exposed side Of his orchard and ser that
his peaches grew to the size of melons, and his vines
ran ont Of all control.
| have heard man say that he could have whole
farm in box rod square. He would take his roots
into his library and feed them with food they like II
they have q fancy for dead dog he wouh let them
have t. being sure that the fruits would never reveal
the secrets Of their table. Such We need to bung
out greater degree Of cultivation of our so which
is capable of greet increased Iyoductiveness as
that which England has achieved. Concordis is one OF
third century. The Selectmen have once in tive
years perambuated ts bounds, and yet in this year
very large quantity of land has been discovered and
added to the agricultural land, and without murmur
Of complaint. BY drainage have gone to the sub
soil, and we have Concord under Concord, Middle
sex under Middlesex and basement story OF Massa-
chusetts more valuable than all the superstructure.
Tiles are political economists. They are 80 many
young Americans announcing better era, ana q day
Of fat things There has been a nightmare brought
up in England under the Indigestion Of the late sup
pers Of Overgrown Lords, that while the population
increases in geonerical ratio, the crops increase
only in an arhmetical ratio. The theory that the
best land is cultivated FIRST. This s not so, for the
poores i land is the first cultivated and the last lands
are the best lands. II needs science to cultivate the
best hsnds in the best manner. Every day new
plan, new theory, and this political econoDiyis is in
the hands of these teachers. IL is true however that
population increases In the ratio VI morality ana the
crops will increase in like ratio
Congratulate the farmer of Massachusetts, on his
dyantages. congratulate him that he is set down
in good place. where the soil and climate is 80 good.
,,tapt in nrso la l.
tude. We are here on the Dorthern boundary ot the
tropics the southern boundary Of the Arctic regions.
We can raise anDst all crops, and IT we lack the
orange and palm, We have the apple and peach and
pear. In Illinois, il is often said, although It is more
the voice of their than of their pity, that they
reckon it singular leading Of Divine Providence that
Massachusetts, settled before the prairie was
known else unproductive soils would never have been
settled. But the Massachusetts farmer may console
himself that if he has not rich SOIL he has the sd
vantage Of market At his door, the manutactOry
in the same town. l congratulate you, then, on this
advantage of your position. Next lcongratuate yoaon
the territory which you have discovered, aud not
snne,ed, but sub-nexed to Mddlese1 and to Massachu
sets. And then congratulate you at being born at
happy time when the sharp stick must go out with the
arrow; when the steam engine is in full use, and new
plants and new culture daily brought forward. l
congratulate you the fact that the year that has
Just witnessed successful employment in the m-room
ard the plains and praires has also witnessed the
laying Of the Atlantic cable. The cable is laid and
the courage of man is confirmed. The cable is q
smtng hand. All that used To look like vagary and
castle building is to be solid henceforth VINO
shal ever dare say impossible again. Henceforth, il
thing is really desirable, it is in that degree really
p ,cscable and the farm you have dreams of-go
instantly and begin to make it, l congratulate you,
lastly, on the political economy which takes of
the Grape and let's in the sunlight us, and which
teaches that what is good for human body good
and useful for US ALL
Mr. Emerson was much spplauded as he took his
seat.
The regular toats Of the day were then read.
To the toast, "The State of Massachusetts," the
Hon. Joseph White of Lowell responded; to The