New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-02-27

the Hoeter oeeoDD8, TOM boos " evs, "y,o
mere mere insxsmss.s 20 Be ssed by the trader and
ard transporter and for The simple reAsoo that nas
been held by your recon. predecessors In the fresH
dsstial chair, hat the Central Government hsd onfy
itself, and not the people, 70 project Widely diher'
ant fyom this Mr. Preeident were the ideas of Wash
neton and Hamilton, Adams and Jefferson, as to the
nights and duties Of that Government.
Freedom of commerce among oursetves-the COM
merce between oar towns, cities and States, which, as
Won have 80 ably shown, IL the sort Of free trade we
need-has no existence. The farmers of Illinois er-
change between Themselves by means of the furnaces
of Wales and Scotland. The Iowa farmer can MAKE
no exchange with the Mississippi planter until sfter
the corn and cotton have 20 tnere
TO be converted into cloth 10 be returned to Iowa ana
Observation-Disclosures per cent OF the corn and cot
ton being taken on the road for the support OF the
people by whom the exchanges are eiected' why
this why farmers and planters are thus SUD
iected TO tax of transportation compared Win WnSn
that of France and Germany is as nothing-you WIZ,
Mr. President readily understand after having read
the following passage, extracted from a aocuMent
pubehed but four years since by order oil Tue Dtisn
House of Commons $3.50.
To. laboris classes generally the manufacturing districts
Of this country, and especially in the IRON and coal
for their being employed al 70 the Inneh's oss .
employers Voluntarily incur ID ssA sa' 81 fs-,,os
mayS huheutc instances well known OF employers nav
lag in .uch carried ON their wos. d IN hs
The aggregate 10 three hundred thousand uDd Va.
800 sr.. or four years II efforts Of tho,e who en-
the combinations 20 restrict the nsb Of m. the
& ccnmas,iop, Of capital could longer be made 9h,n
sa cs ia % Of great dsre.,o thus TO clear
The .sy for the phoie trade step IN when PRICES eSv
cary on great s.te"t :. 10 be sb to establish composition
in prices with any chance Of success me drg a.. ron
n,,,ao Of foyrigg son.ries and A most eent an
strurnents rpmanS BY which our
Fan b. the other eementschesp sbor
of raw materials mean. Of ncsiion and skilled Aoof
being rapidly in process being equalized" ,.
The system here described Is very property choi
tav ;zeda { Va
for what purposes and against whom, 1t Is waged.
is war you see Mr.. President, TOR cheaPenlng a
the commodities we have TO sell, labor ana raw nia
terals being precisely the objects sought 10 Dc &c
complished BY the " Mercantile System whose error
was so well exposed in The Wealth Of Nations. IL Is
war for compelling the people OF other iaaas 70 con
fine themselves to agriculture; tor preventing te e
yersihcatOn of employments in other cOunlrles ioi
retardipg the development OF intellect ior palsyhg
every movement elsewhere, looking to the utz stIon
of the metallic of the earth Tor increasing
difficulty Of obtaining from for diminishing tne ue
mand for labor for doing all these things at home and
abroad aud for thus subectng the farmers ana punt
ers Of the wordo the domination OF the manufacturers
of Britain.
To measures such as here described, was due the
closing of all the factories of India followed by the
expectation of cotton TO England, there TO compete
with the products of Carolina and Alabama. Inc
more perfectly the system can be- carried OUT the more
the manufacture can be restricted TO England, the
cheaper must be raw materials but the greater must
be the export of cheap labor tOTexas and TO the MAUI
rtus there to raise more cotton, sugar, ana otner ia"
materials and thence to compete win each oIher iof
the reduction of prices, and tor the more complete Gu
sayement of the lsborers of all those countries.
In the case of a war like this, what, Mr. President,
does Government owe to its people and Itself ne
answer 10 this que son is furnished by one OF the
most distinguished Of your predecessors, mr. n"oi-
son. liz the following words: "
though Of foreign government se 81 m sTs.
turing capitalists to strange IN the cradle tne ~
extensive customer anticipated nV would surely,
in such be incumbent ON the party 20 i m @
exception the let alone policy 10 parry the eV oy op
posite re usons Of its foreign commerce -
That such is the duty of a government, no one Gan
seriously doubt and yet, that duty has remained I'M
performed Time after time for the last half century,
have the iron, the cotton and the wooden manufac-
lures been stricken down by means OF measures sucn
indicated without the slightest attempts At
interference on the TART of the Central Government.
Crisis has succeeded crisis, and with each successive
one the necessity for the export of materials has
increased with steady decline Of prices and as steadily
increasing necessity for the export Of the precious
metals to discharge the balance Of trade thus forced
upon our people. Hence Mr. President the difficulty
OF maintaining stable currency. Hence the runOus
rate of interest. Hence the disasters among mer
chants and banks Hence the decline in the char
acter of our ships. Hence our inability to compete
with the world in the of steam for Ocean-navgs-
tiOn Hence the decline of morals; and, hence the
discord now prevailing between the different sections
of the Union.
Allow me, Mr.. President, to ask you to read, once
more, the extract with which this letter CON-
menced and study carefully what were the objects
sought to be accomplished by the distant masters by
whom the Provinces were then ruled Doing this, you
will that they those of limiting the coloDists
to the sngle pursuit of scratching the SOIL and thus
destroying competition for the purchase of their pro-
ducts. Turning. next TO the action of the Federal
Government you can scarcely fail to remark how
identical with the views OF the British traders OF colo
NAL times have been its acts.
There be assured, lies all the difficulty, and not
with the local governments. Clothed with the power
to protect people, it has failed in the performance
of It's duties leaving them exposed to warfare of
the most destructive kind and to taxation for the
support of foreign and peoples, compared
with which, the amount that would DO required for
the support OF the largest fleets and armies sinks into
nsgnifcance. As u consequence Of this, we are
rapidly passing into state Of dependence CON-
plete than that which existed in l776 Further proof
OF this propose to furnish another letter. remain
ing, meanwhile, yours, very respectfully,
IhAadeiphia, Feb -, ls5a HENRY c. CAREY.