Arkansas true Democrat., 1858-07-28
Trinidad.

l Trinidad.
 A recently published work on the geography, natural resources, present condition and pros- poets of the island of Trinidad has come under our notice. This book, written by an English physician, long resident upon the island. and published ir England, may well be supposed to lean towards the free-labor side of the question, nevertheless the statements contained in it are startling. If we had space to make extracts from the work we would do so, but, for the present must content ourselves with conden- sation of the facts presented.
 Trinidad, it will be remembered, is one of the West India islands made subject to the English scheme of emancipation. The island in size is, say, fifty miles by thirty-fve wide, or not much larger than the county of Sevier; not so large as the counties of Washington and Beton. in this State. On this island, in 1S29 by slave labor, was produced fifty millions pounds of sugur.-- Under the free labor system this decreased to eleven millions! And this with the advantage of an increase of population. importation of "up- prentaces," agricultural improvements and new inventions of machinery. A pound of sugar now costs one-third more to raise it., and sells for one-third less The quality has deterorat- ed as we'll as quantity diminished. It is now nearly thirty years since the emanc- patton of the negro commenced and full twenty years since he has been freed. Let us see his present condtion So far from free labor being cheaper than slave labor, the freed negro will not work at all, and the tabor now done on the island is done by Coolies and Chinese. The country is occupied by squatters, cultivating
 little patch and when that fails, restoring to plunder.
 The free negroes all flock to the towns. We make three extracts from the work before us to give our readers an idea of the state of things | there:
 "The emancpated. From G. ses already stated, the ancipated classes have strong | inclination to retire from rural and especially sugur labor, and to congregate in towns and vil- iayes, where they engage in petty trade or adopt some handcraft"
 The author goes on to say that these trades eke out most precarous livelihood and their stock in trade consists generally of some fruit or lew pounds of charcoal, or peas, plantain, etc. To sum it up, they will not work, prefer ring plunder, prostitution or suffering In the meantime the virtuous English import Coolies who are sold, or as they term it, hired for series of years, but what is very singular their term of service never expires.
 The following passage shows why the Eng-
 lsh are eager to capture slavers, for they take the negroes as lawful prizes and sell them to planters which, 1t must be confessed, is much cheaper plan than buying them on the coast of | Africa:
 The African negro. Many of the Africans | liberated from SIavers, and who had been appor toned to the planters under certain conditions. VIZ: that they should work for stated number | of hours every day, being provided with | lodging, food, clothing and medical attendance | but who could not have understood what was meant, and considered themselves as no party to the contract, determinedly refused to work and ab>conded into the woods, prowliny about piantatlons on which they ventured at night for | pluGder"
 | The author thus describes one ward or district on the island.
 "Oropuche. Here are herded together large oahhs ol immigrants, imported into the colony. particularly Congocs and Kroomen In fact the population of Oropuche may he characterz- ed as heterogeneous collection of the inhabi ta''ts Of different countries in an unsettled and migratory State; Congoes, Yarrabas and Kroo- men from Africa; Coolies and Chinese from Asi;: Negroes from the United States; Spaniards from the continent; colored emigrants from the Brit 'Sn and French colonies, with limited number oi natives of Trinidad; these compose the mass "t this motley assemblage. Scattered throuqh the district, removed from the influence of civi lzlng institutions aud left to the unfettered ill., diligence of diSnrganized and halt-savage life. moral depravity and ignorance of all social re- | sponsbty form their chief characteristics,
 As may be supposed, these are cut up in trbef CT bands and quarrels are frequent Mar ders, revolts, plunder and all manner of crime Is the rule; peace the exception
 We now proceed to two other important facts gong to prove, in the absence of all other proof, that the emanci patton Is the greatest failure of the age. The first startling fact is the m oral degredaton. In Port Spain, among the whites aud where there are some respectable people, ." AOoA t'iO bIlllo were lJ-, the lie- Sltlmate 32l. In the country legitimate child Is an accident, unless in the family of some white planter. While on this portion of the subject, although this article has grown tedious. ly long, we cannot help noticing some similar results following emancipation in this country. Without referring to the moral condition of the free negroes in Canada or in the north hern States. disgusting as it is, the Randol ph negroes in Vir- ginia will afford us an illustration. By the will ot the owner, they were emanci pated and tract of land sufficient to maintain them was set apart. They were supplied with all things necessary to enable them to earn livelihood With some five or six exceptions, the whole body sank into state of degradation of pover- ty and misery sickening to witness Winter found them destitute of the commonest neces- saries of life, and the colony became the resort of the vicious and debauched They corrupted all the slaves within circle of fifty miles, plum dered, begged, prostitued themselves and be- came snch nusances that the law had to step in and remove them, while loathsome disease and death finished the others. The same things on smaller scale have been exhibited in other States.
 But to return to Trinidad. The most signi6- cant fact and one that will startle the friends of emancipation is that the ratio of mortality is twice as great now as when it was a slave is- land! In other words the free negro lives less than half as long the slave.
 In one of the most beautiful places in the world, with a matchless climate and fertile soil the free negro lives vicious, degraded life and dies premature death
 John Smith.
 Have we J"hn Smith among us? If so, let him read the following from the New York Evening Post and learn by how many different methods his omni present patronymic is express ed. Here are his various designations; by which