The Abbeville banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1847-1869, 1858-03-11


oil Sandy Hook, i'll 1916, WAS us hirl us of
Cape llrnry i'll 1913, and in August 1916,
the temperature i'll the Sandy Hook section,
tI"'n ;!'r surface TO thirty fathomS, WI, high
or than that i'll June, 1888, in the Canayeral
section
These results examined, proved to he con-
nrcicd with changes Of temperature in the
Gulf of Mexico, and the connection was
traced and explained, shown" how the
changes of til. >cl>uns on the Gulf of Mex
leo marked themselves in the stream, and
how the changes Of weather in the Gull
OF Mexico could be traced us the stream
/ flowed nortlwarl Continuous soundinrs
by Commander Sands and Lieutenant Ecli-
Ger along the cold wall, and along the axis
OF the stream, have furnished excellent ma
tcri,ls for this discussion.
The Gulf Stream cools as it flows onward
mt the rate of about one degree of F:,hrcn.
llclttS thcrmometcr in three hundred miles.
The general form Of the bottom of the
~" VII '"S S''>I WIS h'At Traced, ana It's
connection with the Gulf Stream and It's
divisions. The great valley extending from
Newfoundland to Cape Florida at variable
distances from the coast, along the bottom
Of which the cold polar current slowly
flows southwark, and above 1t the warm
water from the Gulf Of Mexico flows north
| ward
The first range Of Hills discovered bv Maf
! tit and Craven, about one hundred miles
from the coast 1T Charleston, rising stccplv
from the valley and descending fifteen hun
dred feet, i'll twelve miles, 10 a second val
ley, the cold water of the polar current RI
sing over their tops and probably PRODUCING
The cool band beyond the axis of the Gulf
Stream. y second range OF hills WAS found
rising six hundred feet in twelve miles and
stopping three hundred feet in fifteen miles
TO another valley, in which the second warm
band runs. The recent results as TO a..
form of the bottom of the Newfoundland
banks as obtained by Eyrryman, were
shown
The slope from the coast is at first Gni,e
gradual, then suddenly pitches down to a.
deep valley. The cold water probably cor
responds to the coast Of this slope though
this is not well made out. The axis of ;L.
Gull Stream seems to correspond to the
dccnrst portion of this valley.
(, I,..i r q,
the chef direction to the stream, though the
rotation of the earth has also an impor,aut
part in determining it,
lhc temperature ut six hundred fathoms
oil sandy Hook had been found about for
iy-hve degrees, and oil Cape Florida ut the
bottom OF three hundred and seventy faith
oms deep, had been found ,hirty-fivc de-
SrrcS. AT fifteen fathoms the temperatures
IN these localities ut the same time w.r.
about scvcnty-scvcn ("lf Cape Elord:O and
seventy of Sandy Hook.
The Gull Stream had been traced in the
Gulf Of Mexico, off the mouth of the Missis-
supp, and followed to the Straits Of Florida,
>''' "'""''. Hc current WIS IScDIC OFT
the Florida Keys. In the Straits of Bomini
II r;'i nearly north, and at the rate Of from
three to five nautical miles the hour. or
llat'cr's 1t turned to the eastward and ran
al the rate Of two miles the hour MAKING
about live degrees Of casting III five of north.
ing. In latitude thirty eight it turned al
most due east, its rate there being about one
mile per hour. 1t had not been traced fur
ther by The Coast Survey, though several
efforts had been made to do so The prob
able changes from season aud the like were
noticed.
The effect Of this stream on the climate
and the meteoroogy OF the coast, and on
the navigation and commerce of the United
States We're briefly dwclt upon in conclu-
sion.