The Hillsborough recorder., 1858-11-03

mountains. lnelr SNNOlH, uHuuldliHS suIid.
,es covered with waving grasses, suggest far
iiherent associations to the present behold
rs. The landscape is yariegated, too, BY
tracts Of thirty and even forty miles in ex
lent, covered with dense forests OF the bal
sam fir trees, appearing in the distance dark ;
is the plumage Of the ravens wing and
green carpets of elastic moss, and countless
vernal flowers, among which the numerous
species Of the azalia, the kalmai. rhododen-
llron, especially contend in the variety, deli.
cacy and brilIiancy Of their hues From the
sides Of the mountain flow cold and limpid
streams along broad and beautiful yallies.
Though such a region as this can never weary
the eye, its chief merit Is. that almost every
part is fitted to be occupied BY, and to min
lister to the wants OF man.
Our State, from the seashore to its west
ern limit, is probably as well watered as any
equal extent Of territory on the face OF the
globe, and in Ill the middle and upper por
tions, the supply Of water power is inexhaust-
ible. In fact there are single rivers, such
as the CataWba and French Broad, or " Ra-
cling river Of the Cherokees, which are suffi-
cient to move the machinery Of State.
Throughout our entire territory. there are
no barren wastes, and hardly square mile
to be found, which cannot maintain its pro-
portionate share Of population. In all its
parts, too, the variety, magnitude and beauty
Of its forest trees fully sustain the encomiums
Of those early explorers. While the seaboard
counties have those peculiar to that region,
like the cypress, jumper, live oak, and the
gigantic pines of the swamps. fit to become
the "masts Of great Admirals," and the
mountains such varieties as are suited TO a
kardler climate, the State as whole seems
TO contain representatives OF almost all the
trees of the North American forest in their
fullest and grandest development, and to at
ford in the greatest proiusinn all manner OF
1 timber and beautiful woods for the uses OF
/ the artiiicer.
When we look beneath the surface Of the
earth there are abundant objects of interest.
| North Carolina has the distinction Of being
/ the FIRST of all the governments OF the world
that ordered geological survey Of lts terri
i tory, and she has in my opinioa, greater
variety Of mineral substances than any slugle
State Of the Union. Not only does she pre-
sent the diamond, plantinum, gold, silver and
MANY substances interesting TO the man Of
science, tor their rarity, or attractive to the
lovers Of ornament, for their beauty, but she
possesses in great abundance those minerals
which add most 10 the permanent prosperity
Of State. Though her coal measures are
4 not perhaps as extensive as those OF some ni
the other States, yet they are sufficiently 80
to be iRexhaustibie, while the Goals are Of the
very best qualities for fuel, for the making
Of gas, and for the manufacture Of IRON.
Il With respect to the ores Of iron. think
she NAV fairly claim to be the first uf all the
States. because she not only has all such ores
as they possess, in the greatest abundance,
but she IS the only one known to contain the
rare and valuable black band ore, and that in
quantities vastly surprising the deposits IN
J Scotland itself. When, therefore. we lnok
! TO the coal measures on Deep river, and tlnti
all these ores in the greatest abundance, over
, living, or between the coal seams themselves
and considerall the advantages Of this locality
one can hardly doubt the correctness ct the
opinion expressed BY the most experienced
!, miners and manufacturers 81 iron. that Nher
. proper outlets are opened. by the completion
! Of the works Of Improvement now il pro.
. gress, iron can be there made and transport
Ell to Wales, and sold at as cheap rate Al
{ that Tar which the Welch manufacturers INV
: afford the article.
Extensive beds Of valuable marls are a.
certainei 10 exist over almost the entirt
eastern portion Of the State, and afford th'
, means oi making fertile most parts Of tina
, section. Recent examinations have brUush
10 light to so great an extent. lime, coPpei
ores. and other valuable minerals, as TO sat
isiy every one that North Carolina Is emf
nently fortunate in her geological farma
iions.
Tie agricultural productions of the Stat
are not less varied than its surfaces and solls
know of no article grown ~ New England
iii New York. that Cannot be obtained wit
less Isbor. and al lower rates 10 The manntai
region III North CarOlins. Whatever ~
middle and western States 81 The Union well
can be produced III ahuadance. mt only Z
!, lie central parts, BIT II fact III over 81
state. Nhlle tobaccp may be prniitabl!
grown 10 almost every portion If il, some 4
The northern counties produce varieties, cqua
4 and probably superior, % what old Virgins
herself, or any other part of the wufld grOss
/. Cotton of fine qualitie. i produced - III
Iower counties, il as great quantity to th
!. acre, and with as high profits. as 70 the soat
western States. The progress this cutur
has of late made, with Us, when we conside
. lie large area suitable TO Il. renders i proba
: BE that 81 no distant day North Carolina wi
! take rank among the first cotton State. !
!. the Tniun. The rice 81 the tape Fear
!, estetmed equal 70 the best IN the wofd, an
4 it, culture may Be largely extended "a Tia
region. The iBwland counties ~ the ca
!. aud northeast, - producers Of bresdstuiI
are destined 70 Be to the adjacent region
What Egypt was 10 the time Of The Pharaoh
: Tie grape i indigenous 10 every part !
! ths STATE. lrom Curfitoek 10 Cherokee, al
!. among the hundreds oi native varieties thi
. are from time to time brought 70 light, att
!. tle neglect and waste Of centuries, there a
n dn.t.iIsks many which will puual. n0s,lbl