, 1858-11-19

IN the same year Nr. sturgeon, OF Eng
land, constructed the electro magnet by
coiling a copper wire round a piece of iron
of horse shoe form, the bent turns of the
wire being so far apart as TO prevent con-
tact. He found that when the electric
fluid passed through this coil the inclosed
iron became magnet, and was again de-
magnetised in breaking the current. The
wires were afterwards coated with non-cen-
Quoting substances, and wrapped around
the iren in close contact, as we now see
them.
1S26-Mr Harrison Gray Dyar erected
telegraph on Long Island, New York.
He used frictional electricity and dyed
marks on chemically prepared paper, by
the passage of sparks.
1881 Professor Joseph Henry, of
Princeton College, discovered method of
forming magnets Of intensity and quantity,
produced from corresponding batteries, and
by the use Of which, with relay magnets,
etc., prepared by him, he made known the
practicability Of producing mechanical ef-
fects att great diStance-say 1000 to 1000
miles.
1832-Baron SchIling, of St. Peters
burgh, contrived defective magnetic tele-
graph, which had an alarm bell connected
with it.
I833-Gauss and Weber first construct
ed the simplifed electromagnetic telegraph
1t was Gauss who first employed the in
citement of induction and demonstrated
that the appropriate combination of limi-
ted number Of signs is all that is required
for the transmission of communications
Weber discovered that copper wire $4,000
feet long, which he carried over the houses
and church steeplss Of Gottengen, from the
Observatory to the Cabinet of Natural
Philosophy, required no special insulation.
This was an important point Of discovery
in the construction Of telegraph lines, and
is made available to the present time.
l837-Stienheil constructed and put in
use between Munich and Bogenhausen, in
the July of this year, his registered electro
magnetic telegraph. By the DETECTION of
a needle he produced dots or short marks
on flets Of paper to stand as signals for
letters, etc., the paper being drawn for
ward by clock-work, in an endless slip or
ribbon.
On the 18th of June of this same year
the defective electromagnetic telegraph of
Geo of Wheatstone was patented in Eng
land. They first employed receiving and
relay magnets.
In the October following, Samuel F. B.
Morse of New York, entered his first ca
veat for an electro magnetic telegraph, in
which be chiefly relied on kind Of type
and port rule for making signals by the
mechanical force Of electromagnetic mo-
ton. Morse claimed that be FIRST thought
Of magnetic telegraph on his passage to
the United States in the brig Sally, in the
year 1882.
Is3s-Edward Davy, of London, had
his patent sealed fer chemical telegraph,
which was enrolled Jan. 4, 1889. In his
plan he employed chemically prepared pa
per, similar in its general character to that
used on the instrument Of Balm.
l846-Alexander Balm obtained bis
English patent for his improved electro
chemical telegraph, and got his American
patent in 1850.
ls47-Royal +. House of New York,
obtained, in conjunction with Mr. Brett, q
patent for the ingenious aud valuable print
ing electro telegraph.
IS4S-Messrs Zook and Barnes Of Gin
cinnati, invented mod Gcation for the elec-
tro-magnstic telegraph, by combining fixed
magnets with the use of electromagnetic.
l849-Monday, 29th January-The me-
mortal Of Horatio Hubbell, in which he was
Joined by John H. Sherburne, was presen-
ted to Congress, praying for aid in con-
structing a telegraphic communication a.
cross the Atlantic Ocean, sitting forth the
existence of a table land plateau on sound
ings between Newfoundland and ireland,
upon which the said telegraph could be
constructed, and entered into other details
in order to carry out the project. 1t being
the first devised aud published plan ever
made to carry a telegraph across the
ocean.
Mr.. Horn Of New York invented his g-
hitting telegraph, which made dots and lines
by burning them on slips Of revolving paper
by the heat of the electro fluid while pas
sing
About the same time, Mr.. johnson, Of
New York, contrived a machine worked by
electro magnetism, and let that drop on
slips Of paper, which being prepared at the
same moment, left visible marks which
stood as signs for letters.
Also, about the same time, Mr.. Daniel
Davis Of Boston, prepared an Axial tele-
graph, which with that Of Horn and John
son, does not seem to have met with much
attention.
ls55-Mr. Hughes obtained his patent
for his ingenious and admirably combined
printing telegraph, which is destined to ef-
feet q revolution in all the existing sys-
tens. Its superiority consists in its work
ing reliably on larger circuit than any in
strument previously invented. Not only
does it transmit messages with greater
rapldity, but it has the advantage of re-
ceiving and transmitting simultaneously on
circuit of at least Eve hundred miles, per-
forming the work of two ordinary wires on