Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1858-12-15

of the Union shall not for a third time be CON
yulsed by another agitation on the Kansas
question. BY waiting for a short time. and
acting in obedieuce to law, Kansas will glide
into the Union without the slightest im9edi /.
ment.
The excellent provisions which Congress-
have applied to Kansas, ought to be extended
and rendered applicable to atl The Terr;toT;e.
which may hereafter seek admission into the
Union.
Whilst Congress possesses the undoubted
power OF admitting a new State into the
Union. however small may be the MN
Der of its inhabitants. yet the power ongbt
not, in my opinion, to be exercised befors The
population shall amount to the ratio required
by the act for the admission of Kansas. Had
this been previously the rule, the co1ntrv
would have escaped al the evils and mis-
fortunes TO winch mas beeu exposed by the
Kansas question.
or course it would be unjust to give this
rule a retrospective application, and exclude
4 State which, acting upon the past practice
of the government, has already formed its
constitution. elected its Legislature and o,ber
officers, aud is now prepared to enter the
Union.
The rule ought to be adopted, whether ~,
consider its bearings on the people of the
Territories or upon the people of the existing
States. Many OF the serious dissensions
which have prevailed in Congress ard throuub.
out the country, would have bean ayoideJ
had this rule been established At an CALI.
period OF government. 81
Immediately upon the formation of \ NV
Territory, people from different Sta.es1-rd
foreign countries rush into it. for fbe Iaujable
purpose OF improving their condition. Their
irst duty TO themselves is to open and chilli
vate farms, 10 construct roads, to establish
schools, to erect places of religious wo:sbip.
and to devote their energies generally t, r.
claim the wilderness and to Law the founJa-
ton OF a hourishins and prosperous common
wealth.
If, IN this i~ncipent condition, with a popu-
lation OF a lev thousand, they should preina-
turely enter The Union, they are oppressed
by the burden of a State taxation, AID the
means necessary for the Improvement of the
Territory, and The advancement of their own
interests, are thus diverted to very different
purposes.
The federal government has ever been a
liberia! parent 10 the Territories, and n gener-
Gus contributor to the useful enterprise of the
early settlers. Ithas paid the expenses OF
their COVER ments and legislative as3emb-
lies out Of the Common treasury, aud thus re-
lieved them from a heavy charge.
Under these circumstances, nothing can be
better calculated to retar | their material pro-
gress than to divert them from their useful
employment, by pTematuIely exciting angry
political Contests among themselves for the
benefit of aspiring leaders. 1t is SURELY no
hardship for embryo governors, senators. and
members OF Congress, TO wait until the mum
Der Oiinhabitants shall equal those of a single
congressional district. They surely ought
not to be be permitted to rush into the Union
with a population less than one half of sever
al of the large counties in The inleror of some
OF the States. This was the condition of
Kansas when it made application to be admit
ted under the Topeka constitution. Besides,
it requires some time to render the mass of
population collected in a new Territory, at
all homogeneous, and to unite them on any
thing ike a fixed policy. Establish the rule.
and all will look forward to it and govern
themselves.
But justice to the people of the several States
require that this rule should be established
by Congress. Each State is entitled To two
Senators and at leas. one Represe NATIVE in
Congress. Should the people of the States
fail TO select a vice president, the power de-
wolves upon the Senate to select this officer
from the two highest candidates on the list
In case of The death of the President, the Vice
President thus elected by the Senate becomes
President of the United States. On all ques-
tions of legislation, the Senators from the
smallest States of the Union have an equal
vote with those from the largest.
The same may be said in regard to the rati
%ication Of treaties and OF Executive appoint
Ali this has worked admirably in
practice, while it conforms in principle with
the character of a government instituted by
sove eign States. 1 presume no American
citizen would desire the slightest chan ge in
the arrangement nj. Still, is It not unjust and
unequal to the existing States to invest some
forty or fifty thousand people, collected in a
Territory, with the attributes OF Sovereignty, /
and place them on an equal footing with Vir-
ginia aud New York in the Senate of the
Uuited States?
For these reasons 1 earnestly recommend
the passa- eofs general act. which shall pro,
vide that upon lhea application of n territorial
legislature, declaring Jhas The territory con-
tains a number of inhabitants, which if In a
State, would entitle them to elect 4 member
Of Congress, it shall be the duty Of the Presi
dent TO cause q census of the inhabitants 20
be taken and. il found sufficient, then, by the
of this act 10 authorize them to proceed
I'm their own way TO frame Il State consti-
preparatory TO admission into the I'm
ion. / also recommend that an appropriation
nay be made to enabl the President 10 take =
census of Kansas.
The present condition OF the territory OF
Utah, when contrasted with what it was one
ear ago, is a -ubiect for coagratulation. It
vas then in a state Ofopen rebellion aud. cost
What it might, the character Of the govern
nent required that this rebellion shomld be
Impressed and the Mo-mons compelled to
-ield obedience to the Constitution and lie
avs. In order TO accomplish this object, as
informed You IN my last annual message. |
ppointed a new governor instead of Brigham
iOung. and other federal officers, TO take the
lace of those who. consulting their own per
oEal safety. had found it necessary 10 with
raw from the erritory. To protect these civil
.'fliceis, an4 to aid them as a posse comitaius,
n The execution Of the laws, | ordered a de-
of the army 10 accompany them to {
Utah. The necessity for adopting these meas a
res Is now demonstrated {
On the 18th of September. 1851, Gov. Young :
ssued his proclamation in ihestyle of an indie r
endent sUye' eign, announcing his purpose 2
D resist, by foTcc of arms The entry ofthe Unit
d States troops into our own territory Of Utah. -,
y this he required all the forces in the Teni- :
Dry TO hold themselves in readiness 20 march +
t a moments notice to Tepel any and all such a
and established martial law from =
is date throughout the Territory. These il
roved to be no idle threats Forts BridgeT and t
'upliJ were vacated ana OuFnJ down by The II
lormons, to deprive our troops Of a shelter s
their long and fatiguing march. Orders s.
issued by PANEL H. Wells, STYLING him B
IF Lieutenant General, Nauvoo Legion" " .
, stampede the animals of the United States
oops On their march, and set fire TO the A
aims, to burn the grass and the whole coun- =
V before them on their flanks, to keep them
ON sleeping by night surprizes, and to block !
lie the road by falling Irees and destroying
lie fOrds of rivers, DC, DC. ]
Those orders were promptly and effectual
o5eyed. Gu the 4th of october, 1851. the Il
lie Normons captured and burned on Green is
liver three OF our supply trains, consisting :
'seveniy-tve wagons loaded with provisions
Id tents for the army, and carried away
vera. hundred animals. This diminished
Il supply of provisions so materially that
aneral Johnston WAS obliged to reduce the
lions. and even with tins precautiOn there -
as only sufficient left To subsist the troops =
It'll The first of June.
Our little army behaved admirably il their b
Icampment at Fort Bridger under these try A
g prlvatIOns. In the midst of the noun
ms, IN a dreary, unsettled, and inhospit- .,
region, more than a thousand miles from NJ
- n