New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-01-30

tubbet, ~ however ocuptiu Wnelhci nc '"os WI"
win be performed BY the generation who accomplish
the fret II also probable that the work would, az
usus cost from i've to tmee the amount stated by
its sanguse protector.
HusBIs's TrLEsRApH.-An instrument containing
al the latest improvements, is now exhibited st the
Office Of the American Telegraph Company, No. 10
Wan street. The machine is connected with similar
one st Philadelphia, and messages are transmitted
simultaneously to and fro at the rate o. 900 letters
minute each way. With al Other ;elegraphs, the cur.
rent through the magnet Of the instrument aud
sign is transmitted by breaking the current for an
Instant with this one, the line Is connected with the
ground, and the cur ,nt is made to pass through the
machine only for instant when sign is to be trans.
mi,ted This arrangement constitutes one of its mos,
important advantages, namely: Any surplus of.eec-
.rcity produced by an overcharged atmosphere ha.
full time TO how into the ground aud Hughes machine
may be operated without danger to the attendants,
during storm which stops all the others. To accom-.
phsh this the magnet is made OF natural horseshoe
magnet capable of sustaining five pounds in contact
with the poles of which placed two pieces of soft
iron surrounded by coils of wire. The armature 10
provided with spring nearly as strong as the magnet
the tendency Of which is to pub them apart. When
the machine is at rest the armature is in contact with
the pieces tf soft iron, where it kept As these
have become magnetic from their cont act with the
natural magnet, when key is pressed down the
rent is made pass through the coil in such direction
as to destroy the natural gnetby creating artificial
one with poles reversed The armatare is thu
nstsntaneousy let free and is thrown up blythe spring
this motion acts upon detent and the other parts OF
the instrument do their Office in transmitting letter,
and also Of cutting off the current from the magnet
Il Is c,,o hack etu I'm
manner the natural magnet is not required to attract
the amature from distance, but acts only, when in
contact to hold in its place. that is in the position OF
its greatest power The parts of the machine which are
in constant motion consist of horizontal main shaft,
III der wi ch is vertical SHAFT connected with the
first by beveled wheels of train of cog wheels of
q drum, weight, spring and treadle. The main
shaft of the instruments at both extremities of
the line move with exactly the same speed.
The velocity of each is regulated ike that of COM
mon clock, by anchor escapement, with this differ
ence that the vibrations of slender bar of STEEL held
by one extremity are substitutedfr the beats apen-
duum. clock is made to go slow fast by length
enng or shortening the pendulum, aud the velocity
regulated here by doing the with the bar of STEEL
This escapemelt acts about sixty times in second, or
twenty times faster than that of clock and this re-
suit could not be obtained from pendulum, as this
would have 10 be only $50 part Of an inch long from
the point of suspension to the center of the ball. to
beat sixty times The upper portion OF the ver'
teal shaft is isolated from the lower portion by an in
termediate piece made of ivory. The upper part is
provided with an articulated horizontal arm which
rests on shorter arm extending from the lower part,
and this contact connects together the two portions OF
the shaft This arm describes circles quarter OF an
inch above the table. Under its extremity circular
row of twenty stats cut in the table and as many
metal slides are placed vercalyn them. Twentyeight
KEYS are connected with these slides in such manner
that when a key is pressed down the corresponding
slide is raised in the sat sufficiently high to reach the
arm, which in revolving slides up the inclined end Of
the slide. This operation makes the current pass
through the coils of the other instrument, as will be
shown hereafter The main shaft carries by friction
type wheel, the types of which are mixed by
small tapgental hiking roller. A second horizontal
shaft moving with the first but faster, is provided with
a oh..L, By nrrau, OF which It canes tho printing
shaft once round each time letter is telegraphed.
This printing shaft by of projecting cam, brings
at each turn the roller which carries the paper in
tact with the type Wheel and the letter actually there
is printed The slip of paper is carried onward the dis
lance Of letter by dog acting a ratchet when the
roller recedes from the type wheel.
Althe parts having been ,cribed separately, we will
now explain their connection, together wththe manner
of using the machine. The Instruments at both stations
are first started and made to revolve at the rate
the type wheels lying in such positions that each
time the arm of the vertical shaft of instrument
passes over the Glide of key A, the letter engraved
the type wheel Of the other instrument is opposite the
paper roller To print letter at the other end of the
lima do tha haI "a.
ter is engraved the key raises the corresponding metal
slide which raises the revolving arm before one half Of
a second has elapsed, since the makes two revolu
tons per second This makes the current pass through
the magnet of the instrument at the other station and
release its anature which springs up. The detent acts
instantly, makes the chuck catch the printing shaft
and this last raises the printing roller against the type
Wheel the letter is printed, and the armature coming
down. the printing shaft is unconnected and every part
returns to its original position except the paper which
has proceeded the distance Of one letter forward.
The closing Of the current at one station acts only
the magnet of the other station. This allows Of the
writing both ways at the same time. Generally the dis
patches travelling in opposite drectionsare interviewer;
and also two different letters may appear to be, the
one received and the other sent at the same moment,
one, in fact starts only after the other is arrived and
the way is clear but each time the same letter is trans
mted by both operators the two machines act at the
same mathematical instant Two batteries erected
at each station and at intermediate points Of
the road, andthey are connected with the nsrumensn
peculiar manner, which will be best understood by
making diagram. One pole of each battery is con-
neced with the slides of the instrument the other with
the ground. The wire of the line is connected at each
end through coil No. Of the instrument, with the
upper portion of the shaft the lower portion is con.
pected, through coil No. 2, with the ground. When
The KEYS of both machines are at rest tn current Of