Cleveland morning leader. [volume] (Cleveland [Ohio]) 1854-1865, 1858-08-09

horizontal bar, turning pivot-Rays on its own
centre, and fattened at the top, could lift BY an
edge either Of the sets of ten springs, right OF
left, as it was turned This enabled the con-
tact to be distributed through the entire length
of the edge and breadth of the brass springs,
and the course of the current TO be reversed
accordingly as the right or left edge (the bar
being worked by crank handle) was raised to
night or left set of spnngs-the rght set, II will
be understood, being the representatives OF ore
pole Of the battery, and the left set of the other
pole By this arrangement four fitths Of the
spark were destroyed, simply on account Of the
large surface of metal, through which the elee-
trical current had to pass when contact was
completed Still there remained enough to con-
stitute 4 very undesirable residue. This was
disposed Of finally, after sundry tentative at
tempts, by coiling piece of fine platinum wire
and placing it in porcelain vessel OF water,
and then leaving this fine platina coil In con-
slant communication with the opposite poles.
The battery is unquestionably one Of the most
economical that has ever been set TO work, con-
sidering the amount Of service it Is able TO per-
form. Il Is calculated that the cost of maintain
ing the ten-celled battery in operation al the
terminal stations on either side Of the Atlantic,
including all wear and tear. and consumption of
material, will not exceed one shilling per hour.
TRANSMISSION OF TIE cURREST.
The primary votaic current procured from
this battery, will be used to stimulate and call
up the energies of those feeter messengers,
electrical in nature, by the aid of which alone
can the message be expedited. The voltiae
current therefore passes 10 a silk-covered wire,
in innumerable coils, enveloping bar Of soft
iron Immediately sheathei in gutta peTcha-
Several miles of this fine wire (No. 2O) are
tWined about this iron centre; then comes an
other coat of gutta-peTcha; then another coil Of
wire, thicker this time, (No. "A } and II miles
in length. The voltaic current, passing through
the wires, and reaching the iron core, converts
1t into powerful magnet, eIcitinga current Of
which is delivered to the No. 20 coil,
and thence to the cable, whence It departs on its
Transatlantic voyage. Electricity having thus
produced in the first instance magnetism, and |
having reproduced electricity, a
power is obtained, which the orr |
ginal current did not possess.
THE RECEIVING INSTRUMENT.
The transmission current generated in these
double induction coils, on reaching the further |
side Of the Atlantic, viii of course have become |
faint and weak from the extent of the /
Journey it has performed 1t VIII not, therefore /
n this state be set to print OF to hard work |
Jut it will be thrown into a sort of nursery, |
inown as the receiving instrument, where its
tagging energies viii be restored. The conduct
ng strand Of the cable viii be here made contin-
lous with coil Of wire, surrounding bar of soft
ron, which viii become temporary magnet,
trong in proportion TO the number Of turns in
he coil, whenever the current passes This
magnet will have its precise polarity
determined By the direction in which the cleo
real current passes along the wire. The pole
Thieh will be Rorih when the current passes in
ne direction, will be sOuth when the curreut
uns the opposite way. The apparatus relied upon
y the Company to effect this object is an i'm
upon the relay magnet, which figur-
d in Messrs Cooke Wheatstone's patent
he advantage of it is, that the temporary mag
ct has no other work to do than 70 make the
nall permanent magnet traverse upon its al
lost frictionless pivot. On 5ccOunt of this pc
liarity Of construction, It possesses the utmost
snsibility. 1t may be pot into vigorous action
y a siXpence, and fragment of zinc placed
n the moist tongue. When two or three of
iese instruments are scattered about in the
ION where the large dOuole induction coils are
work, they are commonly heard clicking :
lckwards and forwards automatically, and do =
g little business on their own account, al i,
Ough no current Of any kind is thrown upon
cir coils. They are then merely traversing
Don their pivots, obediently to the magnetic
traction of the great bars, having their mag
,tism successfully reversed some two or three j
Irds away, and, curiOusly enough, are sympa-
eticallY recording, at such times, precisely the
me signals and messages that the great mag =
is are sending off through the transmission i
lis