The daily exchange. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1858-1861, 1858-03-01

ORGANIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE DE-
PARTMENTS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF
THE UNITED safes.
We publish for the information Of our readers
the following detailed account of the organization
of the several departments and bureaus at Wash
ington:
STATE DEPARTMENT.
The whole machinery employed to conduct the
business arising out of our foreign relations with
all the powers of the world is far more simple than
is generally conceived. The number emplaved in
the Department of State OF the United States
is only seventeen, follows: One Secretary of
State, Hon. Lewis Cass,) Assistant Secretary
of State. (flon. John Appleton,) one Chief Clerk,
twelve Clerks. one Translator, and one Librarian.
Diplomatic Branch.-This branch of the State
Department has charge of all correspondence be-
tween the Department and other diplomatic agents
of the United States abroad. and those of foreign
powers accredited to this Government. In it all
diplomatic instructions, sent from the Department,
and communications to commissioners under treat
les of boundaries &c, are prepared copied, and
recorded and all of like character received, are re-
gistered and filed, their contents being first entered
in an analytic table or index.
Consular Brancb.-This branch has charge of the
correspondence &C., between the Department and
the consus and commercial agents of the United
States In it instructions to those officers and
swers to their dispatches. and to letters from other
persons asking for consular agency, relating to
consular affairs, are prepared and recorded.
The Disbrsing AGENT He has charge of all cor
respOndence and other matters connected with ac-
counts relating to any fund with the disbursement
of which the Department is charged.
TIE Tronsluor-Hs duties are to furnish such trans
latons the Department may require. He also
records the commissions of consus and vice consuls
when not in English, upon which the eXequaturs
are issued
Clerk Of appointments and Con,Djssions.-Ile
makes out and records commissions, letters OF ap-
pOintment, and nominations to the Senate; makes
han in
English, the commissions on which they are issued
Has charge of the library.
Cie,k of Rolls and Archieres.-IIe takes charge of
the rolls or enrolled acts and resolutions of Con
gress as they are received at the Department from
the President: prepares the authenticated copies
thereof which called for; prepares for, and SUI
perntends their publication, and that of treaties in
the newspapers and in book form; attends to their
distribution throughout the United States and that
of all documents and publications in regard to
which this duty is assigned to the Department
writing and answering all letters connected there
with. Has charge of all Indian treaties, and busi
ness relating thereto.
Clerk of A1rkenticdf;ops and CopyI'ights-He has
charge of the seals of the United States and of the
Department. and prepares and attaches certificate:
papers presented for authentlcaton receives anc
accounts for the fees. Has charge of publications
transmitted to the Department under the laws rela
ting to copyrights; records and indexes their titles
records all letters from the Department, other THAI
the diplomatic and consular.
!
records pardons and remissions, and registers an'
files the petitions and papers on which they arr
founded. Makes out and records passports; keeps
daily register of all letters, others than diplomats
and consular, received, and of the disposition mad
of them; prepares letters relating to this business
ATTORNEY GENERALS OFFICE.
! Hon. jeremiah s. Black, Attorney General of tn
/ United States: X. II. Gillet Esq, Chief Clerk. Th
ordinary business of this office may be classified un
/ der the following heads:
| |. Official opinions on the current business G
the Government, as called for by the President, b
anv head of Department, or by the Solicitor of tn
. Treasury.
2. Examination of the titles of all land purchased
as the sites of arsenals custom houses light houses
/ and all other public works of the United States.
B. Applications for pardons in all cases of convi'
tion in the courts of the United States.
4. Applications for appointment, IN all the judlei
and legal business of the Government.
D. The conduct and argument Of all suits IN til
Supreme Court of the United States in which til
Government is concerned
g. The supervision of all other suits arising in an
of the Departments when referred by the head ther
of to the Attorney General.
To these ordinary heads of the business OF Il
office added at the present time the follow
ing. namely
First The direction of all appeals on land CLAIM
in California.
{ Second. The cOdifcaton and revision of the lay
of the District of Columbia.
INTERIOR DEPARTMENT.
Secretary of the Department of the Interior, Ho
Jacob Thompson, of the State of Mississippi
! clerical force consists of one Chief Clerk, (Mos
Kelly, Esq. y two Disbursing Clerks, and ten 9th
regular Clerks: and to its supervision and manag
ment are committed the following branches of Il
public service:
LIST. The PuJ{ic Lands-The chief of this bure
is called the Commissioner of the General Land l
l.. fice The land burea is charged with the surve
management and sale of the public domain and Il
issuing titles therefor, whether derived from co
; firmatiOns ofgrants made by former Governments
sales, donations. of grants for schools, militia
| bounties, or public improvements. and likewise l
revision of Virginia military bOunty-land CLAIM
and the issuing of scrip in lieu thereof. The La
o Office. also audits its own accounts The prese
Commissioner is Hon. I. A. Hendricks. OF Indian
> Its principle officers are recorder, chei ceI
= principal clerk of surveys, besides craftsman,
O ! sistant craftsman and some one hundred and I'll
;, clerks of various grades.
II 3D. Pensions-The present head of this burea
)t is George W. Whiting, of irglnla. 1he Comm
If sioner is charged with the examination and adlu
cation of all claims arising under the various a
l. numerous laws passed by Congress, granting bou1
= land or pensions for the military or naval SERVE
9 in the revolutionary and subsequent wars in VIII
the United States have been engaged lie has
|, Chief Clerk. 5. Cole Esq, and permanent cor
consisting of some seventy other clerks, to wh
b. Congress- to enable him to meet the eXtraordln;
- / requirements of the new bounty land law, has
u ded temporary force of about fifty cerkshlps
a. different denominations.
: Sd. Iadians.-C of Indian Affairs
interim, Charles E. Mix, of Georgetown, ID. Z. ii
y provided with Chief Clerk and about hiteen OF
of subordinate clerks.
rO 4th. Patent Otfce-To this bureau is commit
the execution and performance OF all ''acts
C. things touching and respecting the granting aho
1t suing of patents for and useful discoveries,
"A yentions and improvements" the collection OF
tstics relating to agricnlture the collection ana
OF tribution of seeds, plants and cuttings. IL n
ho chief clerk-who is by law the acting Commisslc
+l,n off thp m m
Vi twelve principal, and twelve assistant examiner
Of patents some dozen subordinate permanent Gle
in besides a considerable number of temporary
nv plOyees. 49,.
ny Best des these four principal branches of this
es. Executive Department. the organic act of lS49 r
,b- ferred to it from the Treasury Department the
- pervision of the accounts of the United States
"o shals and attorneys, and the clerks OF the Gn
led States courts, the management OF the lead and
no mines of the United States, and the affairs OF
- penitentiarv of the United States in the Distr
of Columbia; and from the State Department the
es. of taking and returning the censuses OF the u
as States and of supervising and directing the &C
y, the Commissioner of Public Buildings. The h
the tai for the insane of the Army and Navy and OF
re- District of Columbia is also under the manager
,ar- of this Department; in addition to which, by
recently passed. the Secretary of the lnterit
lelr charged with the construction of the three W
lie roads leading to the Pacific coast.
oos The Department requires additional bull
- for its accommodation, and the erection of on
i0ii been repeatedly recommended curing Tue last
the years for that purpose At present the Pension
hat iGg Is P1'd;ot uba thu obar hanch
tiers the Department including the Secretary c
CA are all crowded into the Patent Office building
10 whole of which will be required at early da
"e the use of the Patent Office, for which it was
first nally intended.
ON TREASURY DEPARTMENT.
hose The Treasury Department consists of the OF
of the Secretary of the Treasury, two Comptro
, IN Commissioner Of the Customs, six Auditors, !
ong urer, Register, Solicitor, Light House Board,
tbe Coast Survey.
'"' The following is a brief indication of the dut
to these several offices, and of the force emp
gas therein. respectively:
;n Secretary's Ofice-Hon. Howell Cobb, Seer
III of the Treasury. Hon. Philip Clayton, Ass
g oil Secretary; one engineer in charge; one arch
d to and three draughtsmen temporarily employed
,;o, twenty-three clerks. The Secretary of the I
ltlon Nv is charged with the general supervision