New-York daily tribune., 1858-08-30

irbter cable ard SIX It w..hoa. anchors.
Re rsII proposed, IN order 70 relieve t1s strar On
tie osb!s a. passed OFT ir.o eeep ~s,er 10 attach
small pssr-shsped tuoys, composed OF Light wood,
covered With vanish Of guts psrcas, TO tae caae,
by means Of epring ssteniegs so IS to acd sodtona
buoyarcy sud support 70 tie csbls at ofersnt depths
In regard 70 the proper Place for laying csots
scross The A,lsrtic he decided thst M. Armstrong
Was right forthe following reasons, 10 Wit; The Guf
Stream, psssirg up nortt ess,~sroy ior gres, ps'
rod Of tine osirg tsef oo or nesr the cosst OF Ire
lsrd ir the latitude Of Labrador, on the oas sde sad
tbe Arctic currents bearing ice southwark, w.tc tns
influence of the ST. Lawrence operating upon the
other side, must ueyitab.y have produced gra1us
filing in al the bottom OF TIE ocean frou deposits lett
BY the moving wsters, thus necessarily produ'ns an
Elevated pls.esu several hundred miles wide or the
American ecas., gradually growing narrower, ana
oesrenirg toward the Coast OF lre.snd.
Two other plans. in addition to Dir. A-ins'tonzs,
was projected by Mr.. 5. during the yeS ls2o tor
lsyrg tie cable. One commenting at toe ulid4e OF
ire oSesp with two vessels constructed Tor the pur
roe 400 feet long ~ feet wide, open IN the center
With steam reels fore and az, the vessels 10 be pro-
RELIED By screw with ample steam power, and the cs-
10 be paid on. from the reels through tie center s,
tie point OF least motion Tie otner .n was 10 hsye
ccustruc'ed single veesel 900 feet long, - fee tepa
Of hold 40 feet vide, double bottom. using single
vessel srd laying the cable as the otneIs tAroug9
tie center commencing on the American co sst and
lsvtg The cable eastward toward lrelane. The best
method for constructing such vessels was considered
Al the lste George Steers made careful examination
tion, should 8 company be formed. II was proposed
ts organize great Ocean Telegraph Company wniea
shoud build trese vessels snc With them control the
entire busress Of ocean telegraphng throughout the
word. .,
John the inventor OF Velocimeter, aud Of sell DE-
teImrirg variation compass, TO whom be submitted
Mr. Aimstrorgs plan, together with MS ogn In ine
Spring of ISL Mr. s., with the consent OF NJ. Arm
strorg plsoed the plans estimates, and full stste.
.rftf tfart IN ~. al
he ght place them before the British Admiralty and
o.heIwe attract attention TO the enterprise dufnghe
great Worlds Fan IN London, al which Mr. -. John
Was one of the American Commissioners.
Nh 81. j. was TO have communicate the results OF
his tee1sphic mission monthly, but for some eason,
failed to DO so, IN 1912, project was started IN
Epgapd ard Newfoundland by Mr.. r. \. Gfisoourne
for Organizing company TO cary out the enterprise
upon the identical basis proposed by Messrs; Arn
strong and Stuart. TIE company was formed snd
was called the Newfoundland and London Telegraph
Company. 800 . ,,
proposal TO Sir Frederick Smith, Chief Engineer at
the Naval Station, Chatham, Eng, to lay cable
across the Straits Of Dover. also across the irsh
ChaInel.
Soon after an attempt was msoe by sn English CON-
pany TO lay sing Insulated river wire, with anchors
across the Straits Of Dover, and comm uncation were
had for little than two hours when the tra cord
was chafed ssunder on the rocky bottom, near the
coast of France. After this failure, cable with four
wires weighing seven uns to the mile, manufactured
on the plan proposed by Mr.. Stuart, covered with iron
wire was laid scross the Straits Of Dover, distance
Of twentythree and half miles, on the litn OF
October, 1851, which has remained successful?
working lire Ct communication between France and
England up to the present moment.
The next cable was laid from Holyhesd in Wales, 10
HoWtb on the Irish ooset On the lst of June 1882
distance of sixty miles.
On the 9th of October, 1852, Messrs. Eewsr & Co.
attempted to lay cable accross the narrowes par OF
the Irish Channel, between Port Patrick snd Dona-
ghaGee, which was unsuccessful.
In connection with the sectional tube, Mr. S,usrt
projected water telegraph, by means of guts per-
chs pipe which was to be filled with water, or sons
other elastic fluid that would not freeze and sunk
to the bottom Of the ocean, and signals communicated
by mears of pressure and suitable indicating apparatus
at either end. Several experiments were made With
bydrauc pressure to test the strength Of suts percna
vaterppes, which resulted in establishing the fact
that they much stronger than castron pipes, and
lines in the Fsll Of 1851 laid across the Eist
River TO csrry the Croton water to Randsns and
Blaokwell's Islands where they still remain.
Mr. Gisbourpe after svsilirg hlmsef Of all the aclsn
tfc results known in regard to telegraph!c commun
cation together with the published views an1 p!ans
for the Atlantic Telegraph. proceeded with the organ-
zation OF his company. He first step was to secure
line from Halifax, through New Brunswick, to the
United States. This project at first met with rdeus
bat be coon succeeded IN impressing Messrs. Howe
snd Young, Government Officials, with the mpoItsn
and feasibility Of the enterprise, which was hnsly
adopted ss a Government measure, and the line was
built and proved profitable investment. Gisoourns'
ne xt moye-stiil with the came great object IL veU-
was 10 throw submarine line 6Cross the gun, lfon
tire main land, TO Prince EtgaSd Island, by way on
experiment. 10 this too, he succeeded and the
line il st in good working order. notwithstanding tho
immense quantity Of floating ice with when thst
cosst s visited during the whole of the Winter se.son
The next step was to reach Newfoundland rom
Care Breton. TO accomplish this. he came TO New
Yoik, where with Mr. Horace B. Iibbets, acsptaAs.,
who advanced so 600, he succeeded 10 forming
company to carry out the enterprise. he returned 70
Nova Scotia and in bis little steamer, tie f. N Gs-
bourne be proceeded 70 Newioundanc, wAere, VITA
six picked Indians, he started on survey aoioss no
slaid some 300 miles through Gerse forests. his
Indians failed under the labor and fatigue o' ne
Journey aud one sfter another gave out and had be
provided for until he finally get through eIohe VIII
bis hstchet in his hand, snd psok ot stas Iior1sbis
on HE back. The route was considered fs,""v,c,
and gang Of laborers were engaged, TO o'o"' """'
for tie wires across the Island. -. ..~,,
For while the work prospsred promislls 10 10y
completion Of submarine line from Toe slaHu !. Oapo
Breton, when it would connect WIZ tIe VIE 70 ino
United States snd form uninterrupted coihmu1 ea.ton
from the States 10 the eastern ehtreny VI
Lard where the steamers from Europe would oe Ysi,e9
by prwrboats as at present sud the news forwarded
from Ireland to oes until the line across the At
lar tic might be completed.
But q cloud OF advsrsty burst over Glsoourne
head which parslyz.d mis- efforts for time. The New
Yoik Company upon which he relied for his pecuni.ry
aid failed and his drafts were returned di:honored,
ard the work was suspended. He gave up al hls own
property, but this did net satisfy the cianoi OF ns
hungry creditors who had been arrested ana Impri.-
oIec. Mr.. G.. was not a mar 20 be easily crushed
and after arranging his affairs be came oNew-lorx,
and found the Company insolvent
His next effort was TO get up new company anu
he found in Cyrus W. Field Peter Cooper, ana tour Oh
five others, the required elements for success lac
result wac tie formation Of q new Company ana az as
returned on May, 1854 10 Newfoundland, as the sa'
perinterdent of the enterprise, backed by rsspohs
bic Company, who assumed al the obligations OF me
insolvent concern, and paid off all clsins. .-..,
Operations were pushed forward from this date Win
energy. The line between Nova Scotia and New
foundland wss successfully laid and has proved en-
tirey satisfactory, notwithstanding that both ends
the cable rest on shores risd By zee 6ergs, out nom
- l:rk, -. h.sh haan cd