Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1858-05-22
AN ENGLISH FARM.

Jonry Il EroroI, r., ,... .li.
i'"''' is4' "hoSpeh' Tue last sea-
son III EUROPE examining and studying the diff
tercnt systems Of agriculture, communicates to
the New England Farmer n descrip,;on of m
Er,,r.h &C. It'll, ... -, 80"
"''' '"' .'' "'n'" We uouo' not VIII interest
ana entertain all readers. lie says:
"Bu,ler Ahhcv is tho ros;Jo,,o, 60 rl..-
Crisn. ESQ ono or tbc MOS, ,,o,'.1 L...j
ta.t ~, - ~ III. ms i'"'ou "ietueIs oi
cart horses in thai mar, ~ E,,,ia,,.I ..'1.',
several Ja,. ,,nJar NJ '''G sPent
his s,ocL 1f on;n,al. ,,ai,,' ,i ioli anu saNe
o,;o, IT, f,rr,s aLarp, Saon iouS" 'N1'i,i"
bupdrnds az c,,,Io o,d - ~ .i ~ ~"'' mas
sheen prcbo,s rd, rn,,rJ ,h, c''o, ',t.i's VI
ouite foo largr to vail ovnr ~! II -
er an idea of n largc farmer, af3;rSs IN ,h,. ,.,
of ENGLAND Mr. iris i in'n 49,, - c'' ',,' l''''
tenant and nnt ,bn o,pnr 81 ,h Iai ~ .i >
MICS rLo.n ,n,a,,o;," ,,.,a,,'' i'i'i sI "e ooou
bv rr;,ton lo,so bvt a',y, '''s'' VI. ''1'
ng NOT c,,i,e Jc6r,oo,,o,,',L e.. u'n'. ''"'''
ulated much bv the custons of ,b, ,',.,;,.iS
estate lnryc rro,r;n,or orl 80. pa' =, "'Hl
tbe Duke Of somn,bina On ,nn vi
70 0O0 acres which bss boo,, ~ ,Lo 81 VI
tbou.ard ,oars r -, So. ~ '.;e ann, st,
linn tbo iono,oror Th;a '''r ','''e VI " ~
gives no ,,.rsn,nl ,,,.r,;',, ie.o. "S""ri!
as the rents concerned but intruS,S ali Susi.
affairs to a steward. who makes his bargains with
the tenants, and the lord of the domain some
times does not even visit farm in a generation.
the tenant occupies at fixed rate. which he
pays half-yearly in cash and although neither
party is bound for more than the wear, the ten
ant often occupies for his lifetime, and the son
takes the farm at his decease Landlords are
willing to give long leases, but tenants seem to
prefer the yearly SYSTEM so far as have OBJ
served.
The tenant farmer seems to 60 on and make
the permanent improvements often at great ex-
pense, and lays out his work as if he owned the
fee simple; and on the whole, homes are more
permanent III this land of mere tenants than in
the land of fee simple owners, with migratory
habits The farmer pays a rent of say five dol
lars an acre annually for his land and conducts
his operations in his own way. provided he does
not cut down trees, pillow up any pasture land,
or disturb the game, such as hares, pheasants,
and patridges, which 90 where they please, and
do as much damage as they like, unmolested.
kecper-that is, game keeper-ves on
the estate, whose business it is to protect the
game and catch the poachers who presume to
touch these animals, which are held as sacred as
the geese in Romes capital The game laws
are, and ever have been, fruitful source crime
and suffering, and always will be till human ma
ture is thoroughly changed. On every estate
"HtIe nave Dtcn, i nave noticed with lnulg-
nation the ravages of these useless animals call
ed game, in the fields of the finest wheat, while
neither farmer nor aborer dares even to drive
them away, on penalty of his lords displeasure
and the loss of his lease next wear. | will say,
however, that properly viewed, this waste of hi
man food is not the loss of the farmer. but of
the landlord, because land not subject to the
preservation of game is for that reason leased at
higher rent.
There are no large barnnfor grain and hay in
the south of England as with us, but those pro-
ducts which we so carefully protect are never
housed. | have discussed the topic good deal
with farmers here, and they have reasons for
their course; some cannot venture to answer.
They say they cannot afford the expense of barns,
and that, if they could, hay would heat and burn
up by spontaneous combustion if put in them.
The climate there is much more moist than ours,
and l think the storms are not so violent. HAY
does not dry so readily nor injure so much in
the stacks as with us, and, on the whole, if Eng
lish farmers like their own mode best, we will
find no fault with their Judgment; but am
sure it is poor economy for New Englanders to
follow their example in that particular. The
low price of labor and the high price of building
material in England make in favor of stacks and
against barns,