Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1858-12-10

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mated balance of 298 81 make an aggregate for the
of the next fiscal year, of $69O65 298 81 The es
mated expenditures during fiscal year ending 30h
June, 1860 $73 9l47 46, which leave deficit o. es
mated means, compared with the estimated g1PenoeS
that year. commencing on the LIST of Juy 1907 OF $4
In addition to this sum- the Postmaster General will
orre from the Treasury for the service the Postofce De-
narent So 728 as explained in the report of the Sec
reta of the Treasury which will increase the estimated
vide for the payment Of estimated deficiency which will
&c no By for the report Of the treasury
Department well to provide for the gradual redemp
ton year year. Of the outstanding treasury notes
Secretary of the Treasury recommends such revision
of the present tariff will raise the required amount AT
ter what have already said need scarcely add That con
in the opinion expressed in his reporhat the public
debt should not be increased by an additional loan and
would therefore strongly urge upon Conares the duty OF
making at their present session. the necessary provision Tor
meeting these liabilities.
The public debt the LIST July, 1853 the commencement
Of the present fiscal year, 81, l5597 Sc.
During the first quarter Of the present year the sum Of
of l4h June lS58-making the present outstanding
public debt, exclusive of treasury notes. $780, 55977 6G
There the July 1853 of treasury notes issued by
authority of the OF December 49, 1851 unedeemed the
sum Of $9754 S0O-nakng the amount Of actual indebted
that date, $5 9lO77 &C. To this will be added
$l0000O0O during the present fiscal yearthis being the re-
manning half of the loan $50 900 yet negotiated.
The rapid increase Of the public debt and the necessity
which exists modification Of the tariff to meet even
the ordinary expenses of the government ought to admon
Of rigid economy. The ects expenditure should be
limited in number, far this may be practicable and
the appropriations necessary to carry them INTO effect
ought to be discussed under the sctes accountability
Enlightened economy does consist in the refusal to APP
propTiac money for constitutional purposes essential the
defence progress and prosperity OF the republic but III
taking that Of this money shall be wasted by mis-
management in its application to the objects designated by
Comparisons between the annual expenditure at the pres
ent time and what it ten twenty years ago, alto
gether aciOus. The rapid increase of country ex
tent and population, renders corresponding of
expenditure 10 some extent YoIdabe Ehis is constant
y creating new objects of expenditure and augmenng the
amount required for the DID, The questions them are
nave neSe OBJECTS been unnecessarily multiplied or, has
the amount expended upon any all of them been larger
than COMFORTS with due economy? IN accordance with
ee principles the heads OF the different executive depart
mentS OF the government have been instructed reduce
Their estimates for The fiscal year. to The lowest stand
ara consistent with the efficiency OF the service and tins duty
they have Performed in spirit Of just economy The es
mates OF the Treasury War; Navy and Interior Departments
nave each been III some degree reduced and unless sud
den and unforeseen emergency should arise it antic
the next fiscal year. The Postoce Department placed
in peculiar position, different from the other departments
and to this shall hereafter refer
invite Congress institute rigid scrutiny ascertain
whether the expenses in all the departments be still
er il pursuing the Investigations
transmit herewith the reports made me by the Secre
aTes OF War; OF the Navy of the Interior and of the Post
master General They each contain valuable information
and important recommendations, to which invite the
Ton Of Congress.
In my last annual the
construction Of ten small steamers Of light dru hit
gress responded to the recommendation by authorizing
in 4 auho stated 9 the %o o G ho seoe
tary OF the Navy concur with him in the opinion that
pose Of protecting in efficient the persons
countries wen as in guarding efcctualy
accordingly recommend the of for this purpose
The suggestions contained in the report of the Secretary
OF the Interior especially those in regard the disposition
of the public domain, the pension Of bounty land system
the policy towards the Indians and the amendment of our
patent laws worthy OF the serious consideration of Con
gress
The Post Office Department occupies position very diff
fcren from that Of the other departments For many years
it was the policy of the government to render this lsus
tanning department and if this be accomplish
make as near an approo to it as nav bc T9 10
he StCT n pnb Sino
position by the existing laws. He is obliged carry these
into effect He has other alternative. Pe finds howev
that this cannot be done without heavy demands upon
the treasury and above what is received for postage
and these have been progressively increasing from year o
year until they amounted for the last fiscal year ending
the Both June, lSjS, to than four millions and half
dollars whilst is estimated that for the present fiscal year
they will amount s629OOOO. These are exclusive
OF the annual appropriation of $780, 900 for compensation
for the mail service performed for the two houses of Con
gre and the other departments and officers the govern
meut in the transportation Of free NATTER
The Of these large deficits is mainly atrbu-
table to the increased expense of transporting the mails.
In 1852 the paid for this service but fraction
above four millions and quarter Since that year it has
annually increased until in 1853 it has reached than
eight millions and quarter and for the service of 1859,
it is estimated that it will amount to more than ten mil
lions of dollars.
The receipts of the Post Office Department can made
to approach to equal its expenditure only by
OF the legislation Of Congress In applying any remedy,
should be taken that the people shall not be deprv
ed of the advantages which they fairly entitled enjoy
from the Post Office Department The principal RENE
dies recommended the consideration of Congress by
IOSItSlr General, TO restore the former rate OF
postage upon single letters to five cents to substitute for
the ranking privilege the delivery to those entitled
to enjoy it, OpOst office stamps for their correspondence
and to direct the Department. in making contracts for the
transportation OF the mail to COnnC itself to the payment
OF the necessary for this single purpose without re-
quiring it to be transported in post coaches carriages
Of any particular description. Under the present system
the expense to the government is greatly increased. by
requiring that the mail shall be carried in such vehicles
will accommodate passengers This will be done with
out pay from the Department. all roads where the
travel Will remUncTatC the contractors.
These recommendations deserve the grave consideration
of Congress.
would again call your attention to the construction OF
Pacific railroad. Time and reflection have but served to
confirm me IN the truth and justice OF the observations which
made on this subject III my last annual message, to which
beg leave respectfully to refer
1t freely admitted that it would be neXpeden for this
government exercise power constructing the Pacific
Railroad by its immediate agents. Such policy would
increase the patronage OF the executive to dangerous
tent, and roduce system Of jobbng and corruption
which no vigilance the of federal officials could eli
Their prevent detect This only be done by the
and active and careful supervision of individual and pr
waite interest.
The construction this ought therefore, to be com
mted TO companies incorporated by the States other
agencies whose pecunary interests would be directly in
VOWED Congress might then assist them in the work by
grants OF land of money of both conditions
and restrictions would secure the of troops
and mrItl ms OF free from charge, ami
United States mail at Il fair and reasonable price.
The progress Of since the of your
last, session, has shown how difficulties disappear
fore firm and determined resolution. At that
road was deemed by wise and patriotic men to be visionary
project The great distance 10 overcome, the inter
Venng mountains and deserts the way obstacles
winch, IN the opinion OF many, could not be sumOunted
Now, after the lapse ofbut single these obstacles has
discovered far less toab lie than heywere suppO
sed to be- and mail stages with passengers pass and
pass regularly twice each week. by common wag road
between antrancscO and st. Louis and Memphis in
IMAM twenty-five days The service has been regularly
and this city,
Whilst disclamng all authority appropriate money foI