The weekly pioneer and Democrat. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. Territory) 1855-1865, 1858-07-22

domeStlc regulations Of tne Inherent States
Of the Union. The trainers Of our govern.
ment never contemplated uniformity in its
internal concerns. The fathers Of the Rev.
luton, and the sages who made the Consti-
tuition well understood that the laws and
domestic institutions which would suit the
granite hills Of New Hampshire would be
totally unfit for the rice planta tons Of
South Carolina; (cheers) they well under
stood that the laws which would suit the
agricultural districts Of Pennsylvania and
New York would be totally unfit for the
large mining regions OF the Pacific, or the
lumber regions Of Maine. (Bravo) They
well understood that the great varieties Of
soil, Of production and of icterests, in re-
public as large as this, required different
local and domestic regulations in each local-
ty, adapted TO the wants and interest Of
each separate State, (cries Of "hravo" and
good and for that reason il was provided
in the Federal Constitution that the thir-
teen original States should remain sovereign
and supreme within their own limits in re.
gard to all that was local, and internal, and
domestic while the federal government
should have certain specified powers which
were general and national, and could be ex-
ercised only by the federal authority.
Cheersj
The trainers Of the Constitution well I'M
derstood that each locality, having separate
and distinct laws, domestic institutions, and
police regulations adapted TO its own wants,
and its own condition and they acted on
the presumption, also, that these laws and
institutions would be as diversified aud as
dssimiar ~ the States would be numerous,
and that no two would be precisely alike,
because the interests of no two would be
precisely the same. Hence, assert that
the general fundamental principle which I'M
derlies our complex system OF State and
! federal governments, contemplated diversity
and dissmilarity in the local institutions and
domestic affairs Of each and every State
then in the Union, or thereafter to be admit
ted into the coniolerecy. | therefore con-
ceive that my friend, Mr.. Lincoln, has total
ly Inexperienced the great principles on
which our government rests. Uniformity in
local and domestic affairs would be destruc-
tive Of State Rights, of State Sovereignty,
of Personal Liberty and Personal Freedom.
Uniformity Is the parent Of despotism, the
! r. .~ks ever ars-or,y ri ponscs;- ,our- h feil.
gion. Wherever the doctrine Of Uniformity
Is proclaimed, that all the States must be
all free or all slave, that all labor must be
white or black, that all the citizens of the
different States must have the same priv.
lege or begovernediby the same regulations,
you have destroyed the greatest safeguard
which our institutions have thrown around
the rights Of the citizen. ("Bravo" and
great applause.
How could this uniformity he accomplish
ed If il was desirable and possible? There
is but one mode in which it could be obtain.
ed, and that must bc by abOlishing the State
Legislatures, blotting out State sovereignty
merging the rights and sovereignty of the
States in one consolidated empire, and vest.
ing Congress with the plenary power "a
make all the police regulations, domestic and
local laws, uniform throughout the Repub
lie. When you shall have done this you will
have uniformity. Then the States will all
be slave or all be Free then negroes will
vote everywhere or nowhere then You will
have Maine liquor law in every State OF
none then you will have uniformity in all
things local and domestic, by the authority
of the federal government. But when you
attain that uniformity you will have con.
verted these thirtytwo sovereign indepen.
dent States into one consolidated empire
with the uniformity Of disposition reigning
triumphant throughout the length and
breadth OF the land. Hear, hear, bravo
and great applause.
From this view OF the case my friends,
am driven irresiseably to the conclusion that
diversity, dissimilarity, variety in all our
local and domestic institutions, is the grert
safeguard of our liberties ana that the fra.
mers of our institutions were wise, sagacious
and patriotic when they made this govern.
ment confederation OF sovereign States, with
legislature for each, and conferred upon
each legislature the power TO make all local
and domestic institutions TO suit the people
it represented, without interference from any
other State or from the general Congress Of
the Union. IL we expect to maintain our
! liberties we must preserve the rights and
sovereignty Of the States, we must maintain
and carry out the great principle Of self gov.
eminent Incorporated in the compromise
measure of 1850 endorsed by the Illinois
Legislature in 1851 {; emphatically embodied
and carried ont in the Kansas Nebraska bill,
and indicated this year by the refusal to
bring Kansas iuto the Union with Con
s,itution distasteful to her people, (Che rs J
The other proposition discussed by Mr..
/. in his speech consists in crusade against
the Supreme Court Of the United States on
account OF the bred Scott decision. On this
question also, desire to say to you une-
quivocally. that take direct and distinct
issue with him. hav, no warfare to make
on the Supreme Court OF the U. 5. either
ON account Of that or any other decision
which they have pronounced from tina, bench
('Good, good, and enthusiastic applause
The Constitution OF TIE United States has
provided that the powers OF government
land the Constitution Of each State has the
same provisionl shall be divided into three
departments, executive, legislative, and judi
cial. The right and the province OF ex.