Ellsworth American. [volume] (Ellsworth, Me.) 1855-current, 1858-08-20
MISCELLANEOUS.
THE PROVINCE OF NOVA SCOTIA.

THE PROVINCE OF NOVA SCOTIA.
This Province comprises the pcni nsula
of Nova Scoti,. the island of Cape Bre-
ton (which is scpartt d from the min
land by the Gut of C.nsa). and Sable
Island 1t is tu,ted between latitudcs
i3s % aid i7S o. north, and longi-
tudcs 59s So and Cos % west from
Greenwich. or los T. AMI LIS 2i' east
from Washington. The length north
east aud southwest is 200 miles, and
the breadth from 80 to l0i miles. s.-
Area, ls,7 Ii square miles. Its bound
arie. are - northern Northumberland
Strai, and the Gulf Of St. Lawrence -
eastern and sorthcrn the Atlantic Ocean
w stern ana nprthvc,tcrn: the Bay OF
Funly AMI New Brunswick.
Nova SC tia WIS discovered by Cabot,
i li92: but the French were TIE first
actual settlers. Port Rnyal. st. Croix,
etc, were founded early in the seven
tenth crntary. In 1921 Sir William
Al'xrnler o5t rin,d from James l. a grant
OF the territory The first Immigrants
under this charter arrived out in lG23.-
Fron this time efforts were mad to drive
out tha French. bI, with only partial
success; md by the treaty Of Bred !, 1851,
the colony was absolutely ccslel to that
nation. Some progress WIS ma l. IN
establishing tAc t'h'ries and extending
the inr ira (. In ldSo ths English re-
Hnok Pott Royal, but again restored It to
Franco in lt96. In l70l war again
IroAe out; but 1t was not before Il 10
mat a"y esfec;iNe efforts were nude by
the British to recover the county. An
expedition f'r ITS capture stiie3 from
Boston on the sta ; ptemo.r OF that
year, ahd Fort li'l't th9% a1Aap3 Is .
capt4'ate! on Che 29th ani bF The treaty
ct lst} the coIony was finally ceie,' to
the con41er =. LOS constitution was
granted p N9va Scotia; ami IA tHa same
year the capture of loHsbarg, IN Cape
Breton ls.c. gave additional security to
the colony By the treaty Of Pans, OH
February, li62, the French resigned all
further elal'aS on any OF her t9Fmar pos
sessions IN North America. In - / the
co!ony Wis divided into three distinct
governments, New Brunswiz k, Cape Bre-
ton, and Naea Scotia; but Cape Breton
was rc-anncxet to Nova Scotia in 1919
Nova Scotia is distinguished for great
in leuta,ions of its coasts; and is Earbors :,
IN number, capacity. and safety are un-
parallelea. One third Of the interior is
occupied by lakes The surfsce is un-
dulating Ga the west and north coasts
are ranges Of highlands. Iron, lead,
copper, coal marble. gypsum, etc, abound.
The soils vary with their geological ori-
gin. and there are extensive alluvial
tracts, chiefly on the river bank and at
the head q bays. The climate Of moder-
ate extremes.
Cape Bret n has also an indented coast,
and is almost divided BY the great inlet
called Bras dor, which ransfies through
out the isle. The portion north OF the
inlet is high, bold, aud steep, while that
to the south of it is low, intersectsd by
waters, diversified by moderate elevations,
and generally rises from the interior
shore until it presents abrupt cliffs to the
ocean. In minerals i. is equally as rich
as Nova Scotia.
Sable Island lies cast four degrees
from Nova Scotia, anl in the track of
vessels bound to and from Europe. In
length about so miles, and width a mile
end quarter, it is shaped like bow.
diminishing at either en- and at most it
is but hard sand-bank.
The Province is divided into IS ooun-
.tics, the population of which in 1851
was 276,l7. of which 270,l55 were
white persons; 1905 colored pcrsons;and
l,O56 Indians.
The Province is engaged in all the
great departments of industry mining,
numbering agriculture. manufactures,
, fisheries, and commerce. Fish, coal, and