The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1858-10-11


Diary that dvldes the two nations westerly di-
rtcon where there Of debateao Land vi s,li
greater extent though OF less Importance in CONNER
cal point OF view. II 10 now about century since Rus
ST., RAISING down from the North, and China advancing
nom the fast found themselves face to face heart
OF Cci tTal Asia The Chinese her the Mator Tar
tafs WHO seem TO have been moro formidable enemies
then than they nj present ovorrhrow tho kingdom
OF Zoongara, subugated Kashgars Yackord and Kotan
ana Established their sway over the wo region that has
since been known by the Of Chinsse fartary AZ
rs the Russians were not little alarmed at this sudden
rrupton, w'ch carried everything before IL and put
ngloous end 30 half dozen Tartar dynas,ies who traced
their descent from the famous Gcnghis Khan The Co
vernon OF Siberia applied to ST. Petersburg for reinforce
nens, and llne 81 wooden forts erected along the
Jtlsb ard JOHN, keep Off tho invaders in
sSsr u r@Do s1u" SHOW an INCLINATION extend
Honted exhibition of pugnacity, however, the
teestas reap,el INTO their normal state of ndoent
temptation, or rather, they satisfied with the acqus
tons they had made, and not anxious to engage
war which their natural sagacty must have told them
would prove difficult task than contest with semi
barbarous tribes against whom their heavy artillery
irresistible By degrees the Chinese began to draw back
their advanced posts and tho Russians slowly pushed
gara, which the Chinese considered part of their don't
mons, began 10 be fequented by Russian fishermen;
by travellers and surveyors were soon beyond tn
mountains of TorbOgaai and K0bdo the great annoy
ance and disgust Of the mandarns who guarded tho limits
Of TIE Flowery Kingdom. Now and then q quarre.
took places Siberian trapper two decapated by
the Cctlas, long tailed Cbinaman transfxcd by the
lance OF Cosack but such little escar&ches led to
further result and We're not taken of by either of
the two governments the Governors Western Siberia
and OF Chinese Tartary continued to Interchange Gomp
ments and expressions good will and caravans were al
lowed TO pass without difficulty from Sempalaask and
Orcnburg to koodja and kasbgar. For the last ten
teen years however, or in fact since the first
successful expedition Of General Peroky China which
caused the Imperial government TO bcstow attention
upon the politics OF Central Asia than it had previously
DONE tho progress Of Russia has been decided and
sys ma,ic while the affairs Of the Chinese have been
rapidly falling into confusion and decay. Their frontiers
are harasscd by the Kfghis and Kokaazis, the city OF
Yaikena has thrown oHther yoke aud Chinese army that
was despatched with Incredible labor through the passes
OF the THAN Shan 60 reduce il to obedience has,
informed been repused from its walls, and forced to
treat with immense loss. il the meaptne the country
around Lakes lkash and lss kool Las been posses
sion q by Russia, an hntlla of steamers launched
upon their waters the Benges othor tribes trans
siberia heretofore subject TO the Emperor o China have
acknowledged the sovereignty OF the White Tar and the
newly acquired territory has beer secured by the erection
OF the two forresses OF Kopal and vieravyc which
gafrsoncd by strong bodies Of troops and form the
ceus OF whole cluster of email Russian colonies In this
manner the Russian outposts have gradually advanced
the ridges Of the Than shan from whence they look down
oTon the ffnffr oaa,s Of Scosson If China could bc in
duccd to relnquh her claim upon territories that al
ready escaping from her grasp and 70 retire beyond the
desert OF Cob, which would form insurmountbe bar
rier between the two empires, IL would be difficult
matter 70 establish the Susudi OF Russia Chinese
Tarary in the way has been done in Kokand an
khva, and thus extend her frontier least nfu
ence, as FAR as Thbct and the Hmaayas.
For the last six weeks or have been visited with
such spell OF hot weather IL almost without precedent
in this latitude Fires and alarms OF Are the order
Of the day the dense pine forests that whole dis
taneous combustion and blazing away in every d
rection and the smaller this country being built
almost entirely Of wood afforded ample scope to tho
saus Of the devourng element The most serious acct
dent was the explosion Of the great powder mills at 0kht
IN the vicinity OF capital by which eighty persons
killed or wounded, many buildings thrown down
and an immense quantity Of gunpowder destroyed II has
been suggested that this terrible catastrophe the work
OF an ncendary but no evidence has TRANSFERRED TO favor
such conjecture and any who knows how careless
the lower orders OF Russians about re will easily
plain this and other melancholy occurrences ~ho1A re
coming seasonablc and after this hot summon the
meteoroogsts prophecy unusually cold and protraced
winter.
What France Inns complained In China.
From tho Paris Monitor, Sept. %
The expedition sent to China has accomplished the OBJ
jet the Emperor had in view On the hand, full
chas,scmcnt inflicted upon the magistrate guilty Of the
murder Of the Pere Chapdcninc will be made public
treaty signed AZ gates o. P- assures 70 our
commerce and TO our missionaries free access into Ia
which s kept shut out from the rest OF the world teri
tory pcopled by nearly 900 600 900 Inhabitants deH
nitiveiy removed China is completely thrown open,
no longer escape the march OF civilization
the 27h Of June last that Baron eros signed tn
treaty cf Ten-sin Fully oappreca,e It's value, mus
Western Powers with China and how limited were th
advantages resulting tberefrom.
The war between England and China led In 1912 70 IN
conclusion Of treaty which placing In certain respect
the "barbarans" Of tho West on the footing N
subjects OF s'thc Central Kingdom opened certain port
and personal safety and created the rs clements OF
International law until then unknown in China nv the
convention 81 1S43 France assured 10 herself the adyan
tage benefits OF those varied canscs and In add
ton elected decree from the Emperor revokng the
penalties infected upon Chinese converts to Christianity
Assuredly those important CONCESSIONS and must
have mbued the Chinese mind With distinct notion
Of the power Of France, scarcely known at rekin,
except by the vague remembrance which the recital
q missionaries had left there Of the greatness
Louis the Fourteenth and afterwards OF renown
OF tho name o. Napoleon. Tho DEGREES OF liberation,
uA0Pc rad Al
proWcsora,e OF the Catholic religion, extending
i TO Christianity in general But 4 this ars.
allowed, however, that the admission granted 70
The Chinese territory limited 70 Eve ports was an insuf
suse favor Of Chinese Christians By The ed,ct
Taor Kouang, did not bear the stamp OF synaagmatc
act! and em.nsns solely from the Imperial VIII .ha;
r no manner authorized tho preaching Of Christianity
the admission OF missionaries into the provinces Of tho
IN the other hand, the foreign legations were only
allowed 10 reside at Macao Hong Kong, and never
matte embsasy was obliged, IKE the others, 70 Ak its
RESIDENCE outside the Chinese territory and always found
!, impossible 60 communicate directly with the csn,rs
government This state of things = Of serious
Inconvenience, placing foreign representatives in an IN
fcrlor POSITION which completely tied their hands and
lowered them IN the estimation cf the Chinese.
The treatment md the advantages which the govern
ment 81 the Emperor has Trough, ~ 10 eSsct now
granted 10 M formally, and without
All the important ports Of the Chinese coast also the
greet internal hlgh~ays 81 communication, open 10
navigation snd our commerce. Frcnchmen who, &C
cordng 60 the terms q the convention Of 1s44 cny
admitted TO Eve ports, may henceforth provided With
passports traverse unobstructed every portion OF China
is longer in virtue Of spontaneous cd,ct from the
sovereign that the Chinese Christians 10 fear tho
prosecutions Of tho Msndarins Is in virtue Of
al stpuaons which rendering homage 10 the bessngs o.
the Christian doctrine abolish the laws which forbade II
and allow missionaries Of the West to circulate freely
in tho interior q the empire 70 propagate among the
Chinese
The vloeroy Of Canton 70 be the necessary IN
rmedIum Cor our communications The Representative %
France will directly with the Cabinet Of Pckn and
with TIA, view he viii have residence in tina, capital
The advantages Of this concession which very
voting 10 Chinese pride, manifest II can longer
b. feared that the dishonesty o certain fupcsonarcs may
prevent the prompt and satisfactory solution Of any DIFF
fcrcrccs which may arise. This direct communication
with the Chinese Cabinet will tend 10 dspe than
ono false notion, and 10 enghten many points 30
verpmcnt which has nearly everything 70 learn respect
ing the nations OF the West
Commerce will receive new impulse IN virtue OF The
hen In In