New-York daily tribune., 1858-08-20
Rayard Taylor in NorthernE Europe
No. LAIV.
4 GLANCE AZ WARSAW.

Besore leaving Cracow, We visited toe monu-
nsAt 10 Eosc,u,ko, which is s1ou. mile and
lai from the city. 1t ID a simple mound Of earth,
thrown together by the Poles, IL memory of the
here Of two hemispheres. They are proud Of the
Iesosn of Sob eski, but they treasure the name OF
Ksssiusko within their hearts. Probably no man
wss ever before honored with such q monument.
u was not rai-ed by subscription and hired labor,
bat BY the ,pOntau work Of Thousands OF hands
Oa and young mse and female, the noble and the
peasant, carried their loads Of earth, until the
nosnd arose to be bescon 20 the little Free State
Of Crscrow-so long as that Free state existed.
The account OF its erection is truly touching, and
orc e.nno. look upon it without hoping that it
nay last 10 tell the ,tory TO distant ages and nations
yet Uniformed.
When the Austrian GOyernmen. determined TO
krtify Cracow, the commanding positon whi:h
hi. mound occupies could not be overlooked. IL
is nov completely inclOsed within g,sring ne"
Ratification of brick and earth which overlooks
the valley and the course of the Vistola for msoy
league. In the very center of the fort rises the
siItular tumulus, high overlapping It's Fashioned
VALE. A great circular buttress OF brick, twenty
feet high, has been built around its base and the
earth filed in, go thai the mound is really strength
ened although it loses much Of its picturesq 1eness
bythis environment. It's orsinalhght musthave been
about 100 feet with base of from 200 to $50 feet
in aismeter. 1t is conicsl and very steep with
double path encirclng i. to the top. number of
wOrbmen are now employed insmooshingits rough,
neglected surface, and coating it with an even gar
nent Of thick turf. This looks Ike perilous work,
as the least alp would in many places precipitate
tsen headlong from twenty to thirty feet below.
They were only supported on the Edges OF the turf
itself, or on small pins driven into the earth.
The panoramic view from the summit is exceed
ipgiy beautiful. Crscow lsy before US, buried in
blOouing groves; the Vistula flashed and gttered
in many a curve through the green meadows;
gently swelling hills, in the north, melted away
into the plains of Poland, while in the south the
successive ridges rose higher aud higher, dark with
forests, until the misty Carpathians crowned them
al. Below us wss the palace OF Lobko~, where
dwelt Esther, the beautiful Jewess, beloved by
Casnir the Great This love, guilty though it
wss, procured home in Polard for the oppressed
race, and since that time the country has been
their second Judea. In other respects, however
their condition has not improved, for more vile
and lthy race except the Chihese) cannot disgust
tAe traveller. Thousands of ioldiers were skir-
nishns in the green meadows of the Vistuls, and
The stream was filed with whole companies of them,
bathing
Cracow is now connected with Warsaw by rail-
road, but It was necessary to retrsce our way as
far as Szczakowa, on the borders of the Little
Sahara. After waiting long hour at this place,
we cot into smother train and in ten minutes crossed
the little river Przemsza, the frontier of Russian
Poland. On the opposite bank is the ststion Of
Crantza, where one is subjected to detention of
three hours, in order that the necessary formates
on entering Russia may be complied with. We
frat gave up our passports which were duly eS-
snined and vited, and then attended to our bag
gsge. The examination was not particularly strict,
except that the officer tore up and threw away
every particle of newspaper in which anything was
wrapped. Our books were also laid aside, and sll,
with the exception Of q German guide-book, re-
tanned. We received a receipt for them, and were
tod that We should hear of them again At the Gen.
sor's office in Moscow. They consisted Of the His
tory Of Crscow, . volume Of Household Words,
Kohps st. Petersburg, and Henry Carey's Letters
70 President Buchanan. Murray and German
work | Was readipc were slowed away in our
pockets, and escaped. Although Polish is excla-
sivey spoken at this place, the officers understood
German and We found them courteous aud obigng.
No questions whatever we're asked.
The countryis is one unvarying level from the fren-
tier to Warsaw, distance of two hundred miles.
Al first. YOU pass through region OF sand and pine
woods, the very counterpart Of New-Jersey or
NOrtA CarcEna; then broad plains, partially cult
vaed; then pasture steppes, pine wood, and cult
vs.on again. The yiusges are scattering clusters
Of thatched cottSges, resembling Irish cabins, e1-
ctps thai they are always neatly white~a'hed and
have more TIDY appearance This is rather IN
contrast to the people, who are very dirty. The
common, coarse Sayonic type is here universal
low, squsre forehead heavy brows, prominent
eheeAecnes, uattsh nose, with broad nostrs and
fan bps With the sddition of Z projecting mouth,
many Of the faces would be completely Irish. The
refined Slsyonic face as one sees il among the Pol
nh gentry, s nevertheless very handsome. The
forehead becomes hgh aud arched the nose straight
and regular, and the face shows an approach to the
classic oval This is even more striking in the fe
male thsn in the male eountenanes. At Graaitza
we were charmed BY vision of perfect loyeluess,
which shone on us from time to time from the up
per window of an adjoining mansion. II was q
wesaan Of twenty-five, Of ripe and yet tender
beasty-festures e1qaisisey regular, complexion
HE sIasa rose, rge, sois eyss, rsl.sT yioes than