Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1858-08-27
From the London Morning Chronicle.
THE GERMAN SURVEY OF INDIA

| THE GERMAN SURVEY OF INDIA
| Ii we no longer have new continents and vas,
islands discover. the spirit Of modern en,erpris.
is still kept alive by the explorations o( those fan
| regions. Of which We have heard ~ much in gen
| cral aud Of which we know so little in detail Da.
ring the last thirty years all the principal geo
graphical features OF interior North America have
| been duly ascertaned, and with considerable me-.
curary. The grca, fields of Central Asia have
within that period been truvcrsed in various ,ii-
| rections from Bokhara and ths .Oxus to the Chi
nese Wall; the half-known river systems Of South
America have been fairly explored and surveyed.
the icy continent around the southern Pole has
been discovered; the Northwestern Passage: the
dangerous problem Of nearly two hundred years,
has been ut last solved. Tho course Of the Niger
is NO longer u myth, the Dead Sea is stripped Of
its fabulous tsrrors, ind the sublime secret of
"Oid Nile" is all but wrestcd from his keeping
Lcichardt and Stuart have penetrated the vast
and inhospitable wilderness Of Australia An
English steam vessel has startled the primitive
banks Of the Chadda, in ascending its course to
the very frontiers Of the great kingdom of Bornoo
Caucasian eyes have beheld the Mountains OF
the Moon ut last. whose peaks had been sought
for upwards of two thousand years. The antigua
ted walls of Chinese prejudice have been cracked
and shiycrcl 10 their base, and are fast crutnb
ling to the ground, and the painted screens of I'M
potent exclusiyeness that surrounded Japan have
been rent by tho keen edge Of British and Ameri-
can adventure. The Russians have descended
from lrkoutsk to the mouth Of tho Amo0r, within
one or two miles of which they have established
permanent and formidable military posts con
tanning from 1000 to 5000 men. An American
Consul for the eastern coast of Russia in Asial
has Travelled lately from the Metropolitan city OF
the Csars. through the interior OF Asia and Sibe
rim to the east shores of the Pacific, finally arriv
ing ut the SAID settlements on the AMOR The
adventurous traveller in question, Mr. Collins,
who has thus crossed Asia from ocean to ocean,
is supposed to be the first white man, excepting
Russians, OF course, who has ever visited Mongo-
lin and Mautchooria, and the Mantchoo City of
LOGON. DR.. Livingstone has also lately given us
the happy results Of his explorations on the mag
nlhccnt Iambczi, and has even gone forth again
upon his sclf-imposed mission Of danger. after
having received the home welcome and hearty
congratulations Of his countrymen. Captain
Burton Of the Indian army. the adventurous ali-
thor of Tho First Footsteps" &c, has gone forth
once more, too, ON African enterprise OF dis
coyery.
Such arc somc Of the principal results OF mod
ern exploration. What quarter ola century since
The form Of the earth and the boundaries oi its
lands and waters were known, can exhibit such
Il list Of achievements? We have been led into
these observations by an account OF the return Of
two Of the brothers ,chlagintwet from the very
interesting expedition u India Thibet and | urk
cstnn We regret To state that every trace OF the
has been entirely lost since 1857, when he
WAS known to have made his way towards iark-
and, in Turkestau. 1t has even been currcntly
reported in the Puniaub that this gentleman had
las, his life among his hosts the Turkomnns, VIM
compelled him to take an active part III the war
thcy are ut present waSins with the Chlnc.e.--
i'hc pm GazGHe OF the ii of June, however,
+, ives Us hopes that he may be still in existence,
sit is said that news has been received from
! ELI tlrdak,) the capital Of Little Thbet, via
antkar, To the effect that Mr.. A. SchlaglntweIt
had passed this last Winter at Askilung, within
il,e marches If the larkind, and near to Aktu.--
The D,ihi Gazettc adds, however, that ''tllc news
"ui his safety should be received with great eau
ton, and the persons who have brought the news
+" should be very closely Questioned The Prus-
ri, III Consul at Bombay. it appears. considered
ia Ia notice of sufficient Importance to be transmit
t. | to Berlin. to the end that farther inquiry
m, sht DO made possibly by way of Siberia and
ki ,okard. This letter. we are told, was ultimate
ly opened by tho veteran traveller Baron Hum
lol it, in the absence of the brothers Hermann
and Robert Schlngntwcit, who were then on their
wa, tn London, and forwarded to them with
chai ming note, explanatory OF his motives in hay
ing done so. There is no doubt that our know
lrdg on tho sui jec Of interior Asia will be ma
terra ily assisted and increased 10y the inyestga-
tous of the lost traveller, should he really
anon us. which We sincerely hope, his peril
ous anderngs have extended over regions hither-
Ia uIt rod!cn by Europeans, with the exception of
lis a dycnturous brothers. The entcrprsing
Mcssr ). Schlaglntweit commenced their scientific
rescar hes in 1854, under the patronage of Baron
Ilumb ,ldt in India, Thbct. and Turkestan. for
the puI pose of observations On terrestrial magnet
ism re ology and the princ pal characteristics OF
the Clio I've. Tho tracts between Bombay and Ma
dras we re first subjected to their examination be-
tween s54 and 1854. They then proceeded 10
Calcutts by sea. Hermann Schlagntweit ascer-
tanned ii ,e relative heights OF the elevated noun
tains of tie kossia range, having previously yisi
ted the | timalayas for the same purpose. Sikhm
and Bout IN he accurately measured on this occa
sion and, under An angle of upward of A degrees
the noble elevation to which Col Waugh had
gwen the name of Mount Everest. This mighty
peak is up ward Of 10000 feet. or 81 miles high;
it is called the Tchingoparmori by the Thlbetians
and it is kt ,own by the Nepaulese by the name of
Gaourichun ka. Adolphus and Robert Schlagint-
welt in the meanwhile advanced with the ,ss,s-
lance of dis, ;uises into Thbet proper, aud even
penetrated y, far the important CONNER cial sta
ton of Cart )k. The singular mountain iorma-
ton which tr, verses the enormous elongated val
lev of Thibet- the largest in the universe, and
which divides the sources Of the lndusfrom those
OF the Brahma pootra or Dhong-was duly invrs-
tigated on this interesting occasion, as also the
geological pee, liarlties of the vicinties Of the
lake Mansavarp Nv. In ascending the lii-t'amnc
they reached 10 less an elevation than % 200 feet
Herman Schlagi ltweit :an lS5j-56 proceeed to
Assam. the delta of the Ganges and the Brahma-
pootra, and the regions between Calcutta aud
Simla. lying north westward Of Bengal. During
this time Alolpha Sohlagintweit by descending
the Godavcry. thro ughout its entire course. had
retui ned to the Ma 1ras Presidency he then tray-
elol to the southern most point OF the peninsula
by way of Pondch arry and Trichinopoly, and
having made Ayiu. explanatory visit into the
Nelgherries. return, y TO Simla by way Of Caleu,-
Ia.
pendinp the cool 81 ason the elevation Of the