Arkansas true Democrat., 1858-09-01
For the True Democrat.

he Honey Bee and its products" and be- ,pg interested on the the subject I wrote ,t;ce in the month of J une thereon, in the
 man language Gas l am very poor scholar
 |rnclish ) and sent the same for translation to a
 .od at Little Rock, reported to be an excellent
 oIsr in each of said languages, and much ac-
 +oned to translate the German into English,
 consequently said to be correct and pro-
 linguist and fully comptent for the task as-
 red him; and at the time of sending the
 ,ouscript to him accompanied the same with
 ..,nest that after he should have made true
 urect translation of the same, to hand it to
 for insertion in your paper. was exceed
 rlg mortified upon discovering in the True
 smocrat of 9th inst, an article on the above
 hect over my name, so miserably warped,
 initiated and changed from the original as to
 .res to reasonable men as the work of a lu-
 4. That the public may judge whether my
 end who caused the insertion of the miserable
 rh potch article over my name, was not la-
 ipg under the influence of the intoxicating
 n in a fit of delirium tremens, or absolutely Iszv, I now submit,the original article as
 ansated by myself, with the aid of an English kholar of moderate pretensions, which trust
 uu will give an early insertion in your paper, to
 prect any wrong impression and to restore me I the proper and just estimation of my neigh prs. who as the case now stands may conclude ks to be brain cracked fool or an idiot.
 "In the columns of your paper dated May 4th, Is58, appeared an article headed 'rhe Honey Bee and its Products which induces me to \ kend you few ideas on this so little understood tbject.
 From the year 1926 to 1883, (when I immi- fyated to the U. S.) in conjunction with two tieuds, was engaged in the science and art of bee. raising and soon acquired sufficient knowl. fdge of the nature and habits of this small but lselul insect to discover the impracticability of lll such play works as the artificial raising of queens, artifcialy increasing the number of biges in room of voluntary swarms, drumming but or the taking of the queen with part of he bees excepted, the drone-traps, mothtraps, emedies against robbery and numberless other Iumbugs, and patent bee-gums probably such 5 MT W. Bruckish offers for sale To give to Il who my desire to carry on the raising of bees ucessfullg, 1 will communicate the rudiments 'f bee economy, not only from information de- lived from the reading of authors on the sub ect but from experimental knowledge, explain Ing all appearances in and on beehive.
 queen is the mother of the hive, she alone lays all the eggs from which work bees and young queens are produced, but does not lay she drone eggs as Mir. Dzierzen, according to Mr. Bruckish's account, says. The drone eggs as will show are laid by the female work bees. II we were to conjecture that the queen laid each kind of eggs to what absurdity would we be led? We would have to believe the queen bee before laying knew which kind of egg was forth coming, and thereby be enabled to deposit h the proper cell, because the egg which pro- luced work bee never produces drone; and 30 wise versa. There are times when noEe or lew droues are matched, at other times, especial y before swarming, very many, and still again when the queen is wanting, nothing but drones ire hatched; further we see the queen as observ- ad in glass hives, passing regularly from cell to relL and from row to row, to deposit her eggs, without going occasionally to drone cells to de- fOst eggs without sex as some, (not myselfl be- live a male egg which she felt forthcoming. We would have to assume the queen able, as it nay suit the season and other circumstances, to sy arbitrarily first one kind and then the other zind of egg.
 Leave the bees to their own instinct, it will be found that as early in the spring as sufficient punishment is found, they make preparation or swarming. This preparation consists prin- spaliy in building cells for queens, then comes he first swarm accompanied by the old queen, whilst the young queens remain in the cells, except in cases where in attempts at swarming he queen is lost, and the swarm returns to the hive, then of course the next swarm is accom- 5aned by the young queen. Then comes the second swarm in short time, five days being the eariest and seventeen days the latest time, &C., OrdIng to my experience, from the first swarm no ba ,rl foli eality only part of the second swarm, except case of all interval of two months from the lrst swarming, then there is sometimes new 'otation of swarming. Consequently the first swarm has an old and pregnant queen, the re- naming hives and the following swar1ns have only young or maiden queens. The old queen Will Dot leave the hive to which she immigrat- ed, until the bees are again ready for swarm ng, the young queen of the second and follow Ing swarms before they can lay an egg are con- pelled 10 make several excursion from the hive. which occurs during the first three or four days after hiving. The young queen of the old hive will defer these excursions until all the materi- al for raising young bees and queens is matched, which usually takes place in about twenty days after the first swarming. After this time she will also make several excursions, provided the weather will admit, being absent from the hive rom three to five minutes, and thereafter com hence to lay eggs. Every one capable of dis unguishng a queen from droBe can observe this excursion on the above named days, be- cause it is always accompanied by considerable Manifestation of other bees before the hive; without these excursions the queen remains barren. 1 ascertained this fact in the following manner-assisted by friend and his three sons hlved a second swarm, killing all the queens except one, this marked by cutting of one half 0i one of her wings and put her at night with her swarm in hive partly filled with comb and several pounds of honey, from which I had 'uring the previous autumn expelled a poor warm. This swarm with the marked queen vas closely watched for six weeks. On the irst day after the hiving and during all the lrst week the queen made many attempts at excursions, but owing to her mutilation she al- ways fell to the ground, and was then replaced