New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1858-03-12
FRANCE
THE RULE OF THE PREToRrANs.

1hE RULE Of IhE fhEIORIANS.
Brsm OtcNIepI CoresponSep.
PARIS, Feb p, 1863.
"When 10 Gerard the hon.hiller TO be named
Minister Of Public instruction J" Such 10 the cant
phrase current in the faubourgs Of Paris since the
appointment Of Gen. Espinssse of Dobrudja memory
as Minister Of the Interior and Public Safety. In
Russia, it lie well known, general of cavalry pre-
sides over the Holy Synod. Why not Espinasse
over the French Home Ministry since France has
become the home Of PretOrisns only By such
apparent iDcODgrutes the rule of the naked sword
is proclaimed in most unmistakable terms, and
BOnaparte wants France TO clearly understand that
the imperial rule does rest not on her will but on
600, 600 bsyonets. Hence the Pretorian addresses
cut out by the colonies Of the different regiments,
after pattern supplied from the Tueries-sd-
dresses in which the slightest alluson to the 30
called Twill of the people is anxiously stunned;
hence the parceng out of France into five pasha-
lies; hence the Transformation of the HOme-Mlnis'
try into an sppendage Of the Army. Here the
change is not to stop About 60 projects are said to
be on the eve of being dsgraced and to be replaced
for the most part, by military men. Prsfectoral
administration is TO devolye upon halfpay colonies
and Ieutenant.c colonies. The antogonism between
the Army and the population is to be organized as
The Guarantee of Public Safety, viz: the safety
of the hero of SatOry and his dynasty.
A great modern historian has told us that dis.
puise the fact as you like, France, since the days OF
the Great Revolution, has been always Disposed OF
bv the army. There have certainly ruled different
classes under the Empire, the Restoration, Louis
Philippe, and the Republic of 1o4o. Under the
first the peasantry the offspring of the revolution
of 1889 predOminated; under the second, the great
landed property; under the third the bOurgeOisie;
and TIN last not in the intention OF its founders but
in fact, proved al abOrtiye attempt at dividing do
minion in equal shares among the men of the legti-
mate monarchy and the men of the monarchy of
July. Still, all these regimes rested alike on the
army. Has not even the Constitution of the Re.
public of LAS been elaborated and proclaimed
under state Of siege-that is, the rule Of the
bayonetl Was that Republic not personated by Gen.
Cayaienacl Was it not saved by the army in June
1S4o, and again saved in June, lSi9, to be finally
dropped by the same army in December, lo5l
What then forms the novelty i'll the regime now
openly inaugurated by Louis Bonaparte That he
rules by the fundamentally of the army SO did
all his predecessors since the days of Thermidor.
Yet if i'll all the bygone epochs the ruling class, the
ascendency Of which cOrrespondcd to a specific de-
velOpment of French society, rested its ultima
ratio against its adversares upon the army, it was
nevertheless a specific social interest that FREEDOM.
mated. Under the second Empire the interest of
the army itself is to predominant. The army is no
longer to maintain the rule of one part Of the peo
pie over another part Of the people. The army
ID to maintain it's own rule, personated by its own
dynasty, over the French people in general
1t is to represent the State i'll antagonism to the
society. 1t must not be imagined that Bonsparte is
not aware of the dangerous character of the expert
ment he tries. In pIOclaimng himself the chief of
the PratOrians, he declares every PrftOrlan chief
his competitor. His own partisans, with Gen.
valiant at their head demurred against the division
of the French Army into five Marshalships, saying
that if il was good for the cause of order it was
not so for that of the Empire, aud would one day
end in civil war. The treacheries of Napoleon's
Narshals, with Berthier at their head, were ran
sacked by the Palais Royal, which feels extremely
yexed at the new turn of Imperial policy.
The future conduct of the five Marshals, who
hate each other cordially at critical juncture may
be best Judged from their past. Magnan BETRAYED
Louis Philippe: paraguay d'Iiilliers betrayed Ma
poleon: BosQuet betrayed the Republic, to which
he owed his advancement, and to the principles of
which he is known to be partial. Castellane has
not even awaited real catastrophe to betray Louis
Bonaparte himself. During the Russian War
telegraphc dispatch reached him to this
effect: The Emperor is dead lie ia
stantly drew up a proclamation in favor
Henri V. and sent it to be printed. The Preiet
of Lyons had received the real dispatch, which ran
thus: The Emperor of Russia is dead. The
proclamation was hushed, but the story got abroad.
As to Canrobert, lie may be an lmperiast, but then
he is but fraction, and above all, lacks the capa-
bility of being whole number. The fye Marshals
themselves feeling the arduOus task they were
called upon to undertake, hesitated considerably
at accepting their respective commands that nothing
could be- settled with their consent; which seeing,
Ronaparte wrote out himself the names OF their
separate destinations gave the note 10 Mr. FOuld TO
be filled up and sent 10 the MOnaeur, and thus they
were all gazetted at last whether they would or
not Bonapartc, on the other hand, dared not COM
pete his plan by Pelissers nomination Of Marshal
General. OF his pentarchy of Marshals, we may
say what Prince Jerome Napoleon is stated to have
answered to Fould, sent by Bonaparte to present
his uncle with his nomination to the first place 10
tbe Copncij ;"f Regency. After having declined the
offer in most impolitt terms, the eA-kmg Of West,
phalia. N Paris gossip has it, bowed .,if. ""uia
out with the words "Da rtste, y0ur Council
cot Regency is 60 framed as for you all to
/" have but one object that namely of arrestlng
leach other promptly as possible. We re-
peat that il is impossible 10 suppose LOUIS
Bonaparte ignorant of the dangers with which hs
new.angltd system is fraught. But he has no
choice left Tie understands his own situation aud
the impotence of French society to get rid of him
and his Imperial mummeries. He knows that the
different parties have recovered from their paralysis
and that the material basis of his stock,jobbug
regime has been blown up by the commercial earth
quake Consequently he is not only preparing for war
against French society, but oudyprocaims the fact.
1t ITALICS with his resolution TO take up waIke
attitude against France that he coniounds the most
Heterogeneous parties. Thus, when Cas.aenac, in
the Constitutional, denounced Mr.. Nileman
"provoker of hatred" to thc Empire, and accused