The weekly north Iowa times. [volume] (McGregor, Iowa) 1857-1867, 1857-12-16

Spanish Government for the purpose Of tiistri. Z
,ution among the claimants in the Amistad
asc.'' A similar recommendation was made :
" my immediate predecessor in his message
If December, 1853; and entirely concurring
With both in the opinion that this idennity is
Justly due under the treaty with Spain Of Oct.
81, 1875, l earn silly recommend such al AZ pro-
ration to the favorable consideration of Com
,r IS.
A treaty Of friendship and commerce was
nj Cons antnoplc on the l3ih De
cembcr. 1856, between the United States and
Pcrs a, the Publications of which were cx"han-
ged at Constautinorlc on the 18th Jrnc, 1857,
ard the treaty was proclaimed by the President
on the 18th Au-ust, 1887. This treaty, it is
believed will prove beneficial to American COM
nerce. The Shah has manifested nm earnest
disposition 10 cultivate friendly relations with
our country. and has expressed s'rong wish
that we should be represt nted at Tcheran by
Minister Plcnir otcn,iary: and I recommend
tina: an mp. rorr:a,ion be made for this pur-
p sc.
Recent occurrences in China have been UNI
favorable to revision of the treaty with that
en-, ire Of July 3, 1914, with view t, the Sc
curity and extension 10 our commerce. The
9th article of this treaty stipulated for rcvi
sion Of il, in case experience should rrovc this
to be requisite "ln which case the two gov.
emments will, at the expiration oftwelve years
f. ON the date Of said convention; treat AMIGA
bly, concerning the same. by means Of suitable
pcrsors AZ pointed to conduct such negotiations.
These twelve years expired on July 3, 1856,
but long before that re:iod it was asccrtaincd
that important changes in the treaty were ne
cessary ; and several fruitlcss attempts were
made by the Commissioners of the United
States to effect those changes. Another effort
was about tn. be made for the same purpose by
our Commissioner, in conjunction with the Min.
iste,s Of ENGLAND and France, but this was s,,s-
pcnded ~ the occurrence Of hostilit;es in the
Canton River between Great Britain and the
Chinese Empire. These hostilities hare neces-
sa lily interrupted the trade with all nations
with Canton, which is now in a state of block
ade, and have occasional serious loss OF lite
and property. Meanwhile the insurrection
within the empire against the existing imperial
dynasty still continues, it is difficult to antici-
pate the result.
Under these circumstances, have deemed it
advisable 10 appoint distinguished citizen Of
Pennsylvania Envoy Extraordinary and Minis
| ter Plenipotcntiary to proceed to China, and to
avail himself Of any opportunities which may
offer to effect changes in the existing treaty
| favorable to American commerce. He left the
United States for the place of his destination
| in July last in the war steamer Minnesota.
Special Ministers to China have also been ap-
| pointed Oy tic 1ONCrumcut VI oiCat OCASoAu
and France.
Whilst our Minister has been instructed to
occupy neutral position in reference to the ex-
listing hostilites at Canton, he will cordially CO.
operate with the British and French Ministers
| in all reaceful measures to secure by treaty
stpula,ions. those Just concessions to commerce
which the nations OF the world have right to
expect, and which China cannot long be per-
mitted to Withhold. From assurances received.
| / entertain no doubt that the three Ministers
will act in harmonious concert to obtain SINH
lar commercial treaties for each of the powers
they REL resent. ..
| We cannot fail to feel deep interest in all
that concerns the welfare of the independent
| republics on our own continent, as well 40 Of
the empire of Prazil. .
| Our difficulties with New Granada, which a
| short time since bore 81 threatening an aspect,
are, it is to be hoped, in a fair train Of settle.
mcnt in manner just and honorable to both
| PARTIES.
The lsthmus of central America. including
that Of Panama,is the great highway between
portion of the commerce of the world is dcs-
tined to pass. Tic United States are more
deeply interested than any other nation in re-
serving the freedom and security Of all tho COM
munications across the Isthmus. 1t our duty
therefore, TO take care that they shall not be
inter. upted either by invasions from our own
coantry or by wars between the Independent
! States of Central America. Under our treaty
with New Granada of the 18th of Cecemb' r,
ty OF tie IsthmEs of Panama railroad passes,
"as we'll as the rights of sovereignty and Iro-
ptrty which New Granada has and possesses
over the said Territory" This obligation is
founded upon cquival, nts granted by the treaty
TO the government and pcoi lc Of the United
| States.
Under these cir ru,nstcnccs. recommend Ia
Congress the passage Of an act Authorizing the
president, in case of necessity. to employ the
lind aud navy forces Of tho U. S. to c Try intu
effect this guarantee Of neutrality aud protco
ton. also recommend similar legislation for
the security IF any other route &C oss the 18TH
mas in which We may require an intc est by
| treaty. IT,.
With the indorcndcnt Republics on this
| Continent it is both our duty AMI our interest
| to cultivate the most friendly relations. We
can never feel Indifferent to their fate, and must
always rejoice in their prosperity. Unfortu,
nately. 10th for them and for US, our example
and advice have lost much Of their infiu nee in
consequence Of the lawless expsi tons which
have been fitted out against some of them with
in the linn Is Of our country. Netting is bet
ter calculated to rctard our character as a ma
ton, than the federation of such ENTERPRISES III
violation Of the law Of nations.
1t is one Of the first and highest d~ties 81
any independent State, in its relations With the
members Of the great family Of nations, to res
train its people from acts Of hostile aggression
against their citizens or subjects. The most
eminent writer's on public law do not hesitate
to denounce such hostile acts as robbery and
mnrdc".
Weak and feeble States, like those of Cen
trail America, may not feel themselves able TO
assert and vindicatc their rights. The case
would be far different If expeditions were set OF,
foot within our own territories to make private
war against 4 powerful nation. II such cxpc-
ditions were fitted out from abroad against any
portion Of our own country, to burn down orr
cities, murder and plumber our people, and us.
urp orr government, we should call any power
on Garth to the strictcst account for not prevent
ing such enormities.
Ever since the Administration of General
Washington, acts of Congress have been in
force to punish severely the crime Of acting on
foot military expedition within the Limits OF
| the United States, to proceed from thence
against nation or State with whom we arc Mt
peace. The present neutrality act Of April 20.
1873, is but little more than a collection Of the
pre-existing laws. Under this act. the Prcs;.
dent is empowered to employ the land and na.
way forces, and the military "for tie purpose Of
| preventing VIC SdTIv wig vi VI any ouCu expo
dition or enterprise from the territories and jrr.
isdic'ion of the United Statas," and the collec-
tors OF costoms are authorized and required t.,
d0tain any vcsrci in por, when there Is reason
to believe she is about to take part in such law
less enter rises.
| When it was first rendered probable that an
attempt would be made to get up another un-
lawful cxr edition against Nicaragua, the Sc.
cretary Of State issued instructions to the Mar
shals and Dist ict Attorneys which were direct.
ed by the Secretaries Of War and the Navy to
the appropriate army and navy officers, requir-
ing them to be vigilant, and tn use their best
exertions in CARRYING into effect the pro, isons
of the act Of 1918. Notwithstanding these
precautions, the expedition has ESCAPED from