davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07
THE G

DATENTED Dec. 4th. 1856; same patent
4 reissued Aug. 9Th, 1856; and new patent grant
ed Aug. 9Th, 1856; to. S. H. Gilman, of New Or
leans. This furnace is now in use on EIGHTEEN
PLANTATIONS IN LOUISIANA, and COM
blnes with unqualified success the six important
and distinctive features of,
|. Working entirely by natural draught.
2 Containing no CRATE bars or other irons in
interior.
3. Never requiring the bagasse to be stirred or
touched after it falls from the carrier into the
hopper Of the furnace,
4. Drying the bagasse thoroughly in the furnace
where it remains more than one hour, exposed
to great heat, before it reaches the point of
combustion.
S. Forming no Stag, and the ashes being carried
by the draught into a second chamber, are with
drawn at any time without stopping the sugar
mill.
6. Burning all the bagasse on plantations of any
size, and requiring no other attention than 10
take out the ashes and occasionally throw in
wood-the average consumption OF which has
been only one-halfa cord in twenty-four hours,
when the furnace, fues and chimney Were
proportioned.
The furnace erected under the new patent of
August 9th, 1856, are fed without rollers by a
simple arrangement Of balanced doors in the bot
tom OF the hopPers, which open by the weight Of
the bagaSse and require no attention whatever.
This is the only Bagasse Furnace which COM
bInes the above named features. either theoreti-
cally or practically.
An investigation of the patents, specifications
and drawings Ito be had of the subscribers will
prove this furnace to be constructed upon strictly
scientific principles, entirely distinct from those
of and other patented furnace, and an examina-
ton of the furnace in operation, will convince the
the most incredulous of the successful application
ofthe principles laid down in the patents, as well
as its perfect simplicity of construction and
management, economy and durability. Som of
these furnaces have taken off three crops without
any repairs, there being nothing but fire brick
exposed to the fire.
The undersigned are now prepared to contract
with parties for supplying and putting these
furnaces in operation, and solicit of sugar planters
an investigation of their testified achievements.
E. CARVER COMPANY,
10 Gravier street;
or to S. H. GILMAN, 81 Natchez st.
AGENTS A. J. CHAPMAN,
Bayou Goula;
HART, AUSTIN & Co,
Plaquemine.
o. The undersigned is also Agent for the
NILES WORKS" Foundry, and will furnish
any kind of Machinery that planters may need.
dec27 A. ]. CHAPMAN.
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07
SOUTHERN SENTINEL.

Subsiaiag Of he Skirts.-It to US
from Paris. the head quarters of "trifes light
as al, that the Empress Eugene has jumped
The hoops and appeared in public with skirts
Of moderate periphery. The reform will no
doubt spread rapidly; and as Fashion generally
y,sbes from one extreme to another, we shall
expect to see the ladies' ere long adopting the
and classic robes Of "Medea"-especially
such as have figures that can stand it.
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07
PTANo IWNTNTG,

MIR. ANTONI BYKOWSKI respect
4v1 fully informs the citizens of Iberville and
surrounding Parishes, that he has permanently
located in the town Of Plaquemine for the pur-
pose Of Tuning and Repairing Pianos.
He can show satisfactory certificates that he
is a good workman in his line, and tries the best
he can to give satisfaction.
Persons living out in The. country, DESTROYS to
have their Pianos fixed, viii send him a letter
through the Post Office, or leave their orders at
the Drug Store of Messrs. Carson & Kearny.
ian-10.-3t.
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07

Simple Manners The trial Of George
Knight, for the murder of his wife, which is
going 90 in o rural village in Maine, excles SO
much interest that q daily paper has been stars
ted for the purpose of reporting it. The court
room has been crowded, chiefly by ladies, who
both young and old, bring knitting, crochet and
sewing work with them:so that the hall pre-
sents, aside from the triad, quite a busy appear
ance.
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07
ICE S---ECE 3!

VESSlER & DUBUCLET, JR.,
DESPECT FULLY inform the planters and
II others of I~berYilIe, and the citizens of Pia-
~quemine, that they have at great expense, fitted
Up an extensive Ice House in this town on the
lower floor ofthe large building of NJ. HEBEkr,
on Main Street, where they wilItkeep the
Rest Boston Ice,
constantly on hand throughout the season, which
they will dispose of at a reasonable price.
The citizens of Crosse Tete who may patron
ize them, they will attend TO having their Ice con-
veyed to the Village.
They win also furnish casks of such size as
their customers may order them to have made.
Drayage gratis within the corporation.
Messrs. Vessier & Dubuclet, Jr, trust that by
close attention to their business. and an untiring
desire to please all, that they will receive the pa
tronage of the community. feb14
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07

LAND s

r AM advised by the Commissioner of Pensions
i that on the 29th August, 1856, Land Warrant
No. $500, for 100 acres, was issued TO Joseph
L. Petit, and sent to my address, Plaquemine,
La. The said Land Warrant has never been re-
eeived by inc. Joseph L. Petit and | intend APP
plying to the COMMISSIONS Of Pensions for a
duplicate of said Warrant, and. all persoqs are
notified not 10 trade for the above described Var
rant feb7 SAMUEL MATHEWS.
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07

A NjcGraguan Rumor.--A letter was re-
ceived in New York a few days ago from San
Juan, dated February 18th, which states that
Walkers forces have suffered tive important
defeats since the arrival of the New Orleans
recruits. Col. Lockridge's expedition was
abandoned, and his troops were descending
the river on logs, RATS, etc.
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07
Etat de Ia L0uiSiane-ParoaSSe PIberuiue.
Vente de Succession.

SA~O
I'm vertu dun ordre GU dGcret a moi adress6
II par FHon'ble Cour du Gme. District dc Pc
tat de la Louisiana en- ct pour la ~paToisse dlbef-
vile, en- date du 2 c%ouraht. Jexposerai en- yente
p~ublique au plus ottrant ct delnier ench6risseur-
SaNAcGSj, lie z de Mars, 1857,
a II heures A. NJ, les prophecies c~i-apres de-
critics appaTtenant Il la
Succession de Eeu Julien Allan,
ct a la communantG qui existait entire lie dit de-
tunt Julien Allan ct Sa veuyc sulvante, Hertance
Leblanc, SAVIOR:
PROPHECIES appartenant eXclusiVcment a Ia
dlte succession, CONNIE suit:
10. Celeslin, Negro age d'enyiron % ans: Hen
ny, negre age d'environ 80 ans; Charles, age d.
environ is ans; Fictorine, agGe d'environ % ans,
ct son enfant Mary agGe de 6 ans; Domithilde,
agee d~'enyiron Is ans-les sus-dits ~esclaves etant
tous enfants de Mary qui est mort.
Rose, ne gresse agee de - ans, ct ses deux en-
fans Philip, ~negrillon age de 10 ans, ct Cydalise.
n@grette agee de 6 ans; VaImont, uegre aye de rs
ans; Anna, agee de 10 ans, ct SON enfant Isaac,
age de 2 ans; Felicite, ag6e de II ans; Matilde.
negresse agee de Ii ans, etant tous enfans de Rose.
PROPHECIES appartenant a la communicate:
20. Tn lot de CarTues, un fluke, une charrue
subsoil, une meule, I'm lot de pioches, I'm lot de
c~onteauX a leux manches, I'm lot de pampartants,
des coins en- fer, I'm lot de hactes, un lot de har.
nais, un lot &c ~contres, une Scie. s tetes de bGtes
a cornes, &c. &c.
Conditions Compliant.
La vente aura lieu sur Fhabitation de Messrs.
Petit ct Allan, sur la rive droite du tieuve Mis-
sissipPi en- cette paroisse.
JOS. H. ERWIN, Sheriff.
Paroisse dLberville, lie 3 Fevrier, 1857.
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07
JACOB B9RNsTEIN,
Merchant Tailor.

"a Respectfully informs his friends and the
"a public generally that he has removed his
NJ shop to Main street, a little above the Sem
tinel Office, on the opposite side; where he will
be at all times ready 10 execute the demands of
his friends. He keeps constantly on hand large
supply of SEASONABhE GOODS of the most
superior quality, which are at the service of his
friends-and best of all, he guarantees a PER-
Feet FIT. feb14
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07
TO HETH PUBLIC.

IN consequence of the competition of Auctio-
L neers, notice is hereby given to Administra-
tors, Tutors, Executors, and all other persons in
terested in having Succession Property sold, that
] will make such Sales on MORE reasonable terms
than any Auctioneer in the Parish.
feb14 JOS. II. ERWIN, Sheriff.
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07

Moral hsonly.-"Halloo there, you niger
what are you doing with those boots!" Sab,
Use only jst taking 'um away" taking
them away, you scoundrel? don't you know
that is stealingf" BE k~eerful, nlassa. how
you 'cuse this niger of %stealin'. Use morally
~insanei!"
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07

~ Catawba brandy, made at Cincinnati,
Ohio, has recently been purchased, it is said,
at @5 per gallon, for expectation TO France,
for the purpose of lavoring foreign liquors.
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07

BIfyou are afflicted with any complaint
which requires a Purgative Medicine, try Ayers
NeU PtRs-they are worth trying Concord
Mercury, N. c..
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07
MISSES AM BOYS DO.

Among the stock which l offer can be found
Cushman Ties, Pariodes, Misses Colored Cal
tiers, &c.
| have the best and most finished workman on
Ladies' Walking Shoes, Ladies' Boots, Slippers,
etc.-also on Gentlemen's Boots and Shoes.
W-AII work from my shop is warranted to fit
and Gil be durable.
noy22 JOHN L. BALCH.
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07
Grcat Bargatns!

XXTE have selected from our stock of
w LADIES' SHOES, Caters and Chill
dren's Shoes, a lot which are a little spilled, and
are now selling them FOR CASH athbout one
half the original price; for service, many Of them
are as good as new. Also
A lot of READY MADE CLOTHING Of
last years style, which we will sell for Cash at
& de ss5'' HART, AUSTIN & CO.
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07
sPAGDENG g. ROGERS

This company includes
selections from their North
american Circus, from the
Eastern States, their Rail-
&Road Circus, so celebrated
the past season in the Mid
die States, and their origin
al Floating Palace Circus;
and has just closed the most
successful season ever
known in the Circus bnsi-
ness, at their NEW AM
P~HITHEATRE in the city
of New Orleans.
The entire company will
appear, including the fol-
lowing .....-- ......".
Prize Performers.
HENRY M~AGlLTON N,
Hurdle Racer, Gymnast
and Mani Monkey.
OMAR RICHARDSON,
Principal Equestrian, in.
Producing the Bridge Leap
ing; first time infhe South.
GEORGE A R,
gymnast and Contortion-
ist. ...
JAS. MCFARLAND,
Tight Rope Dancer and
Gymnast.
HERCULES LIBBY, the
man Of iron nerve, who
breaks solid rocks with h:s
naked fist. ..-... -.
CHARLES CROSBY, ORA
matte Equestrian and
Gymnast.
CHARLES WATERS, In
dian Rider, leaper and
gymnast.
NATHAN ROGERS,
Gymnast and Equestrian Of
Ill vuo~k
CHAs. DAVIS, Acrobat
and Leaper. ..#. .....
Mr.. c. J. ROGERS pupils
Wis Master r NIX
BARRY, the greatest Bare
back Rider in America;
and that Child of grace and
promise,
Little KATE ORMOND,
only eight years Of age.
Madame ORM0ND,
Madame DAVENPORT,
ennes. r. ROBINSON, j.
WIN. [. WOODS and WIN.
rs. Tumblers, &c.
CLOWNS.
wv Orleans.
0RT nf Ga.
.nsylvania.
and TARTAR,
eek and Pad HORSES in
celebrated BRASS
no half price, Soc.
oned seats, Children
&c half price) soc.
D performance IN the Float
Instrumental Concert By
nd of MinStrelS,
RIDOTT0 SALOON, on
les RAYMOND.
IS cents.
arch 8th.-At Bruly Land
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07
Boots, Shoes, DC.
Gents and Ladies Shoes,

g. the undersigned informs the public that
he keeps on hand and for sale all kinds of
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07
KENTUCKY AND ATTAKAPAs

BEHEg
- The undersigned has now on
hand seventeen head of the finest
AtGakapas Beeves, samples of
which can be seen at his stall ev-
- cry ~moTning-price eight cents
per ID. They expect a drove along soon; they also
keep Kentucky Beef constantly on h~and-price,
from ten to twelve cents.
UPurchasers who call at our stall will DC
sure TO go away satisfied.
feb24 + BOONE Il IN.
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07
State of Louisiona-PGrish of Berriue.
Succession Sale.

DY virtue of an order or decree to me d.
ID rected from the Hon'ble the Sixth Dis
trict Court of the State of Louisiana, in and
for the parish of Iberyille, bearing date the 10th
| will offer at public sale TO the highs
est and last bidder on
Southern sentinel. [volume] (Plaquemine, Parish of Iberville [La.]) 1848-1858, 1857-03-07

I'm vertu dun ordre GU decret a moi adres-
IL Sc par PElon. Cour du 6eme District de
rEtat de la Louisiana, en- ct pour la paroisse d.
Iberyille, en- date du 10 Feyrier, 1857, J'ex~
poserai en- vente publique au plus offrant ct
dernier eherissenr-
The Perrysburg journal. [volume] (Perrysburg, Ohio) 1853-1861, 1857-08-20
What Do They E1anal

When a motion was made in the last Legis-
lature to appoint committee to investigate the
condition of the State Treasury, evary democrat
voted against it. When the dedication was
made public, Gov. Chase appointed commit
tee, consisting of Republicans and Democrats
to investigate the condition of the State finan-
ces and the democrats soon withdrew in rage.
The Governor thereupon selected Thomas Spar
row, Esq, democratic lawyer OF Columbus,
late Post Master and at present a member of the
franklin county democratic central committee.
Mr. S. accepted the appointment and has faith
fully discharged his duty. The democratic State
convention resolved that Breslin and Gibson
ought TO be in the Penitentiary, and the demo-
Gratis of Van Vert county declare that they
should be hung. Now Payne & Co., are ready
TO hang Sparrow because he has consented to
serve on the investigating committee, and charge
him with being black Republican because the
facts compel him to report Bresin as the robber
of the Treasury. What do they mean by this
two-sided game? Do they suppose the people
are so blind as not to be able to see the trick
which they resortng to for capital? First
they pretend much indignation because Bresln
is defaulter and then they read a man out Of
their party because he finds it his duty to con-
vict Bresin of the offence which they say
should be expated in the Penitentiary.
The Perrysburg journal. [volume] (Perrysburg, Ohio) 1853-1861, 1857-08-20

J='' Cyrus ;IowarI E'l is firing hot sho'
inio tlS camn Of Streltnuf anil Brckns, and
shows where tir,y have rnab',l tha State Of larga
received s500for stoh 'tat'n ON III bod Of the
canal and belonging to the S'ate. This is only
drop in the bucket Mr.. II. proposes to con.
tnue this subject and if he wants some certlh
Gates as to the manner pursued by these demo
cratic worthless in procuring receipts for on'
months wages from employees who labored but
week and received ply for six days work. they
can be had. 1t is time facts were published
The people have quite long enough submitted
to the payment of enormous taxes to fatten a
set of unscrupulous black leg politicians, who
are ever willing to sacrifice public good TO pri'
vate and party purposs.
The Perrysburg journal. [volume] (Perrysburg, Ohio) 1853-1861, 1857-08-20
Who Killed Cock Robini
al said the SPARROW.
With nv hnw and army


Thomas Sparrow, late Postmaster at Colum-
bus and candidate for ppointment,the partic-
ular friend of s. P. Chase and his pet Treasur.
er, A. P. Stone. is about to make Chase report
in the defalcation case. Let er rip our DAmo-
cratic hulk is all oak.-CLeUeLand Plaindcaler.
This is the way the Locofocos intend to treat
the report of the Investigating Committee
This is the cue given by the pet organ of Payne
in advance to the small fry Of the party. Mr.
Sparrow has always belonged to what is called
the Democratic party, and is now one Of its
leading members in this county, Gov Chase
offered the appointmen to VIM D, Morgan, who
declined it. He then appointed .Hr. Dem
nison, who from causes we have already stated,
resigned. lie then appointed Mr.. Sparrow, who
has made thorough examination and written a
report, which report will soon be publshed.--
Mr.. Sparrow will treat the base insinuatons in
the above with the contempt they deserve. If
the Payne organ desires to drive such men as
Mr.. SpaTow over to the Republican party, we
aie perfectly willing o. S. Journal.
The Perrysburg journal. [volume] (Perrysburg, Ohio) 1853-1861, 1857-08-20
hi who use the Bitters are satislied Mith them
Wonderful, but True.

few days since Mr.. Jas H. Beadle of Huntsville,
Alabama, called on and gave permission to pub
sh for the benefit OF suffering humanity, the astonish
ing which had been effected in the OF his wife
by the OF DR.. Hance's Vegetable Epepltic Pills
lie informed that at the time his wife commenced
using the medcine her system entirely pros.
trated, by the number of she had und rone
TO reduce h,r weight to 100 los. since she has been
taking the pills, she has ely got the SPANS
and gained in weight aad bo lily he lth. She weighs
least 200 lbs and declares she is in better enjoyment
Of health than ever before in her life. Mr.. Beade also
related the of Mr. Harrison Lightfoot of the
who has been entirely cured OF the form of
Epilepsy by these same pills Mr.. Lighttoots case was
80 bad that he passed week without having
attack often falling down in the lie has not
had attack for than year. Mr.. Beadle thinks
that ii the pills fail in curing case, it is for the
want OF proper perseverance the part of the per-
in taking hea he feels assured from observation
in the OF his wife that if they taken for su
hcent length OF time, they will cure any Sent to
any part of the country by mail the receipt OF IL
remittance. Address Seth S. Hlnce, los Baltimore
Baltimore, Nd, Price one box 50 two, So twelve.
$I4
The Perrysburg journal. [volume] (Perrysburg, Ohio) 1853-1861, 1857-08-20

FEVER AND AGUE--CERTAIN CuRE.--No more use
for mixtures Quinne Fowler's Solution, Arsenic, Mer
cury or any of the villanous nauseous compounds
which only relieves one disease to implant another
deadly and which sends its unhappy victims final
w. with wrecked and broken constitution early
grave. Try CATERS Spanish Mixture, which contains
of these dangerous drugs, but cures by acting
specifically on the Liver, purifying the blood and
strengthening the system, thus enabling nature
cuperate its exhausted energies by opening the pores of
the skin and expelling from the body all impurities
and old medicines which clog and retard its free ope
ration. More than thousand persons have been
cured by Carriers Spanish else
had sgnaly failed. As sample of its remarkable eff
fects Messrs Davis & Hicks, of Autaugaville Ala,
writes that it cured gentleman of Chronic Fever
and Ague which all the efforts of physicians and their
remedies could not subdue. He only took three bot
ties. They say it sells very rapidly and maintains its
high reputation all through the country.
The Perrysburg journal. [volume] (Perrysburg, Ohio) 1853-1861, 1857-08-20
Why will YOU Sufferl

Read the testimony of DR.. II. P. Leonard Druggist,
Fayette c. H., Ala, Jan. Is. 1853.
Dear Sir -" Hootflands German Bitters have done
wonIers in this secticn youth son of c. VI. Hub
bart ESQ., of this county had been for several months
under the of best practitioners without relief
and the reported doubtful and the young al
though scarcely able get about commenced with the
he continued to take, until complete effect
ed. He is perfectly well and stout
All who use the Btters are satisfied with them.
TUsK EGEE, Ala Jan l. 1851.
Chauncy Fowler said - The Bitters selling
well, and I think they will continue so, they give
good satisfaction to those who have used them"
See advertisement.
The Perrysburg journal. [volume] (Perrysburg, Ohio) 1853-1861, 1857-08-20
Dr. Roback,s great Medicnl Discoverie

DR.. Roback's Scandinavian Remedies are overturn-
ing all the old theories of medicine. They reach the
blood through the digestive organs with quickness
certainty and curative effect almost miraculous. The
herbs of which they are made from the mountains
of Sweden and this combination of vegetable elements
is supersedng all the mineral medicines. Dyspepsia
coughs bronchitis. bilious complaints, fits af
fectons y eres, scrofua. skin diseases rheuma tism
headache pains in the back, sexual debility Nc, are
reliev with wonderful rapidty and there is maa-
dy originating in morbid condition OF the blood or
other fluids of the body that does yield to the Sean
dinayian Remedies. See advertisements.
The Perrysburg journal. [volume] (Perrysburg, Ohio) 1853-1861, 1857-08-20
Perrysburg, Thursday, Aug. 20, 1857.
rrcnnhIicnn Indiciai Convention.

The Republicans of the Sd Subdivision in the Sd Ju-
doial District requested to send delegates TO
Judicial Convention which will meet in the town OF
Carey, in the county of Wyandot, Ohio on Tuesday,
August 25th A. d. 1857
The basis of representation will be one delegate Tor
each so votes cast for John at the late Presi
idenal election and additional delegate for every
fraction of not less than 25.
The total number of delegates by this basis will be
Ill; and from each county will number as follows:
Seneca County. 81 Crawford County "a
Hancock .--35 Wood --.-26
Wyandot -------Zo
G.. w. BERRY, Chairman,
]. NJ. PATTERSON Seneca,
JACOB SCHROGGS, Crawford,
J.F. CAPLES Hancock,
+. HOLLENBEGK, Wood,
Rspu5lican Central Committee Sd Sub. Sd judicial Dist.
UPrER SANDUsY, o., July %, 1857.
The Perrysburg journal. [volume] (Perrysburg, Ohio) 1853-1861, 1857-08-20
Republican Representative c

The Republicans ofthe counties of Wood and Ottawa
are requested to send delegates to Republican Con
yention to be held at woodvile, on Wednesday, Sep
tember 3D. at 10 O'Clock A. NJ for the purpose of uomi-
mating representative to be supported by the Repub-
leans of this district.
The ratio of representation will be one delegate Tor
every fty republican votes given at the last Presiden
tial election and every fraction OF twenty-five
and over emitting the counties to the following vote
Wood .--- .------26 Ottawa. ----,--o
JAMES MURRAY, Chairman.
August 49, lSj7-1itd
The Perrysburg journal. [volume] (Perrysburg, Ohio) 1853-1861, 1857-08-20

zB- Voters of Ohio, bear in mind the fact that
YOU are being taxed, to-day, to pay A. l.. Backu'
eight dollars per day for doing just literally moth
ing at all, while he is willing to pay you for hard
days work not more than six or eight shllings =
Remember that he and Stccdmon are one and the
same person in all political transactions, aud then
read the report of the committee on canal con
tracts and figure up how much money has been
lilched from you by these men and their compeers'
Think of these things and then say whether you
would he true to your own interests those OF the
State if YOU should vote to continue such plumber
ers in off e.