davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10


For the information and benefit of holders
of notes on the above Bank, we publish the
following. items, clipped from the Nebras-
khan: 54'.* - 3
OMAHA, Neb. Oct. 5th, 1857.
EDITOR OF THE NEBRAsKIAN Dear Sir
Allow me, through the columns of your pa
per, to express to the business men and citi-
gems of Omaha, my gratitude for the general
expression of confidence which have re-
ceived at their hands since my.return. The
causes which combined to produce the sus-
pension of the institution with which have
been connected, are known to you in part
more particular explanation shall reserve
for future time. Since my return here a
few days since, have determined that moth
ing shall be wanting on my part which shall
tend to restore the confidence formerly re-
posed in the Western Exchange Bank. With
that view, have made to the bankers Of
this place, a statement of the affairs of the
bank, which l am assured by them is entire
ly satisfactory; and in addition to the assets,
which are of themselves sufficient to meet
the liabilities, have placed in the hands of a
trustee, securities equal in amount for the
further safety Of depositors and the out
standing circulation. &*5 ~ if=4 ~ a-
now leave again for the East shall re-
turn in thirty or forty days, resume business,
and probably be able to meet in full all de-
mands against us in sixty days, and posi-
tive in ninety days from date. f.
On my return, by the exercise Of deter
mination and well-directed energy, which
will not fail to secure success, hope to
place the Western Exchange Bank on its
former footing, aud prove worthy the con-
tinued confidence of the public.
Yours respectfully,
s.> L. R. TTITTIE
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10
Keeping up Courage.

The Democratic organs throughout the
State are having delightful time of it, Just
now, "whistling to keep up courage" among
the dry bones, until the day of election
They TEEN with fulsome sleaders' of the i'm
mense success Of their nominee for Governor
of the immense crowds of people that ev-
erywhere await his appearance, oil eager to
do homage to the great Democratic mogul
of his unapproachable talents and mirac-
ulous executive ftness-of his sound nation
al(') democracy, and urbane and pleasant
manners-of his utter adherence of the
New Constitutional his thorough acqui-
escence in the doctrine that "negroes have
NO rights that white men are bound to res
pect"-of wonderful feats of political
t'scalping''-and then winding up with, eve
predict his triumphant election by MAORI
ty at least equal to that given Fremont last
fall" This fustian is manufactured to or
der by every 'unterrifed' organist in the
State, Notwithstanding our uptown neigh
Dor has patent-right for its exclusive man
ufacture. Now, we hazard nothing in say
ing, that there is not a sagacious democrat
ic politician in the State, that is not salts
fed beyond cavil, that Mr.. SAxuELs has not
the ghost Of chance of an election. A few
sold fogy's,' inclined to be prophetic, at the
expense Of their better judgment, and few
aedgling politicians, just cultivating their
FIRST patent "owlishness," may entertain the
idea Of his being successful, but those who
have lived longer, and have some regard for
their political sagacity, are quietly Singer
ing at them and their grouudless opinions.
Judge LOWE will be the next Governor, of
course.
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10

The undersigned, bankers and business
men Of the City Of Omaha, having been
present at . meeting called BY L. R. futile,
Esq, Cashier of the Western Exchange
Bank, at which meeting an exhibit Of the
affairs of the Institution was made. feel no
hesitation in saying that the statement made
by Mr.. futile, was entirely satisfactory, and
that in our opinion the securities which have
been made over by Mr.. Tuttle, and which
are in addition to the assets Of the bank, are
amply sufficient for the safety Of all its
creditors. E .ssa a,
q Q. D. RICHARDSON, aa
'& +. GRIDLY & Co., ffSt@
D. II. MOFFAT, Jr., Cash'r,
'l''E g. G. MONELL, E,t s.s9s@ = vase
b. B. BARKALOW, az a ga9 sa.T
4. JOHN cCORMICK 4 Co., sst 3.
'-t'- HENRY M. DAklN, 70 ,irt' $3.50
A.J. POPPLETON, ta @sES o3a
1'.l. F. NJ. AIKEN, Cash'r. .8@i s @
Omaha, Oct.5, 1857. 4Ia Gs'i@s %
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10
Trade and Commerce.
The Gate City says:

The Gate City says:
Trade and Commerce are now going thro'
one Of their irregular or inevitable gyrations.
Not long ago real estate, produce, etc.,
were worth more than money, comparative
" speaking, and it took good many dol
lars to buy little. Now that thing is re-
versed, the other end of the beam is up, and
Il few dollars will buy twice or three times
as much as they did. This is fortunate for
laborers, mechanics, merchants, editors, law
yers, and all who do not raise crops for
themselves, inasmuch as money is exceed
ingly scarce and hard to get.
The news Of suspensions in Eastern cities
and st. Louis spreads over the country with
a speed somewhat greater than Uncle Sans
mails. tits refreshing to learn that conse-
quent upon the suspensions, every body feels
easier, stocks 60 up, interest goes down,
and money begins to come out. The panic
will soon end as it begun, without reason.
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10
To James M. BfllneF:

GIR-YOU ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED, THAT THERE
- is on die in the Once Of the Clerk Of the Dis
trct Court Of Harrison County, in the State OF Iowa.
the petition Of MARGARET Hartsei charging that you
seized in fee Of the SOUTHEAST Quarter OF Section
No Eighteen in Township seventy-ninc North, Of
Range fortyone West situate in said County OF Harr
In trust for her the said Margaret and that you
refuse and neglect TO convey to her the legal
said land and praying the District Court Of said Harr
son County for decree to compel you to execute such
conveyance to her and for COSTS and that you
pear and plead thereto before the morning the
second day Of the next term Of said Court be holden
at the Court House in the Town Of Magnolia In said
County Of Harrison, on the second day Of November
1857 default will be entered against YOU and decree
and Judgment rendered thereon. Dated, Sept. 18th
1857. MARGARET HARTSEII
The above notice having been returned "not found, "
hereby order the publication Of the same for four sue
cessive weeks in the Nonpareii, weekly newspaper
printed and published At Council Bluffs City Pottawst
tame County, Iowa. pursuant the provisions Of the
Code" VIM N HILL
n24-4w ~ District Clerk Harrison Co. Iowa
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10
y = - : =
The Litsls yskss.
NO. Toy SEE II.

Ourneigh hor ~, he has seen ssii stal9 =
that 1 Sircslar i1Iaed By Gov. GsInrs, sas
exhibited q ) sspelitical meeting held ii Ono
81 the Eastern counties," together with An
envelope enclosing the same, upon which
WAS written in Tho hand writing Of His Ex-
cellency, the Governor Charge to TIE En-.
ecusiue Department." The next day, the
same paper reiterated the charge, and pub
lished an article from tho Burlington Ga
seite, giving an account Of the aforesaid
exhibition, locating the scene It Mt. Pleas
ant. The Bugle makes this The occasion o.
regular blood and thunder article, sur
mounted BY . sshead" Of magnificent pro-
portions. The editor gets upon stills, and
pitches in, to the sstreasury eaters,' z 10 a
manner worthy the palmiest days Of Don
Quixotte. The plaques Of Egypt, and tie
onset Of Wellington at Waterloo, we're be-
nignant windfalls, compared with this on
slaught upon Gov. tGElxEs. Our neighbor
rings his changes upon the whole political
gamut, from the most sonorous bass Of ssne-
gro equality" to the most piercing alto Of
ssBleeding Kansas.' It's really refreshing
to read his disquisitions upon the Republi-
can party-they are decidedly amusing. His
sloquence upon "the way the money goes"
is really touching, when taken in connec-
ton with the present sshard times,' and
the tendency to suspension. Our neigh
Dor assumes as fact what he has .seen
stated" and thereupon charges that Gov.
GRIMES has drawn upon the State Treasury
for sshundreds Of thousands Of dollars to
enrich party favorites," and to defray the
expenses of political campaigns. If this
charge were susceptible of any manner Of
proof, there would undoubtedly be just
cause for our neighbours diatribe upon Off
cisl populations. aaa9i atol
@a NOW You DoN'r SEE IT. 2s# -
The scene Of the letter and envelope ex-
hibition was located at Mt. Pleasant, by
the Burlington Gazette. The editor Of the
Mt Pleasant Home Journal, says that he
furnished Mr.. SAxUELs, with the letter spo-
ken of by the Gazette--that Mr.. SAxUELs
did not read it to the audience, but merely
quoted line or two to suit his own pur-
poses, and that the words ssclarge to the
erecutiue office" uere not onthe envelope.
s1Mr. SAKuELs asserted that Post Master
somewhere out West had told him that
such circulars had passed through the Office"
The Journalfurthe says that Mr.. O'CoNNoR
"ofered fifty dollars reward for such
ranked circular, and the candidate Of the
democracy backed square down and ac-
knowledged that he had only been told SO,
and couldn't vouch for the truth of the
story" The Post Master Of this city who
was present was then appealed to; and he
asserted that no tssuch document had ever
came to this of6ce.''
Here we have the ''little JOKER as he is
a veritable myth-a democratic fabrication.
This is the way-and this the mcans-the
Democratic party rely upon to impose upon
the people Of Iowa. 1t will not win. Stick
q pin there. ...,....g III ,..f.. 80.
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10
STATE OF IOWA, In the District Cesrt Of said
Harrison County County:

THE ORIGINAL NOTICE IN THIS CAUSE HAv-
l. ing been returned 'not found' by the Sheriff Of
Harrison County, and IN order Of publication having
been made by the County Judge OF said County you
therefore hereby notified that there fled in the Of
fee Of the Clerk Of the District Court Of said county
Harrison and State Of Iowa the day
April, 1857 the petition Of William " Mason claiming
Of you the sum Of Eight Hundred and Five Dollars,
which he alleges TO be due to him from you for money
bad and received By You from the said William "
son. since the frst day Of April 1857 and praying also
that attachment should issue against y0r property
as required BY Law, and you further uotied that
unless you appear and answer said petition, be-
fore the morning Of the second day Of the term
said District Court to be begun and holden at Nagno-
liza. in said county and State, the rst Monday
vember next, IA D., 1857 Judgment by default will be
rendered thereon for the amount aforesaid with inter-
est and costs, against you 1s45 stass +
Dated October 10th, 1857. D. G. BLOONER
n24-4w Att'y for PItG
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10
eT What wonderful modest set Of fell

CO What wonderful modest set of fell
lows, the Slave Democrats are. Why, they
only claim four hundred majority for Mr..
PrssY, in this county. Now, gentlemen,
don't-don't f-r-i-g-h-t-e-n fellow so,
just on the eve Of election! It's really I'M
kind Of You. Can't you let the Black Re-
publicans congratulate themselves on redu-
cling that majority very l-e-e-t-l-es Can't
you be INDUCED to be content with receiving
two or thacc votes less than that number?
Come, be generous once, and allow your OPP
poncnt little aid and comfnre!' Do.
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10

cyThe Philadelphia Ners says: The
Grand Jury returned upwards of Fifty true
bills against the election officers, for the
frauds perpetrated in October, in 1856.
The District Attorney has presented these
cases as speedily rs be could, owing to the
fact that the papers have been scattered and
mislaid during the late investigation. They
have been collected, together with the re-
quisite proofs, and the indictments have
been all found. q
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10
INDEMNITY.
81 Agency Of the -
Phoenix Insurance Co.,,
..ssE ffEf. tsEs ss m @ geB1f ~ss-'a =
sos HARTFORD, CONN.
CASH CAPITAL 5000, 600.
With Large Surplus.
$. L. Loomis, Presidenf, -ass-sa. a-as
II. Kellogg, Secretary.

Nhe undersigned as Agent Of the Phoenix Ipsu-
L rance Company, would respectfully call the at
tenton OF property holders to the very superior sva
tases IN respect to rates Of Premium, and Eberal
prompt and sofiUacfory GdjUsfmenf end pagae Mt OF
Losses offered by this Company for Insurance OF real
By FIRE.
TAI of TWO HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS
with large and constantly increasing surplus invested
in the very best stocks and securities country as
way hypotheated collateral to any ob-
cations In regard to the prompt adjustment and psy-
ment OF losses no Company stands higher has bet-
De our aim to maintain the reputation have BY hcn
Applications received and Policies issued by
d. G. BLOONER,
General Insurance Agent, Council Blufs
September 26-n22u
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10

Wy have just completed from the Records Of Deed. in
w Potawattanie County, Iowa an abstract uf titles
70 al the lands IN said County, west of Range 40
all the lots In Council Bluffs and in the principle adj.
dtons thereto; showing each grantor and grantee in
every deed made since the entry land in the
ONCE; the character of the conveyance; the date OF
hins the deed for record and the page where
recorded. . - '-z'-'''
Wehave so arranged these ATTRACTS that II Il, I'm, IN.
work of moment to ascertain whether the chain Of
ute to any tract of land lot complete; where
INK Is wanting in the chain ii apparen, al rst Wow
we nave been at great expense, and have spared
pains, IN making this work valuable inor-
nation to property holders in this city and county
Every deco Ga the record has been examined
and the contents thereof above stated We and
errors IN the descriptions Of Lands and lots
to the same tract; whilst, many others there i, no
connection between the titles Of the present and the
original owners. s
An early attention to these matters is OF the utmost
Importance to the parties interested as the ,apse Of
time will place il beyond the range of
for all the parties and correc, the errrs nv
tual agreement Hence, vexatous and expensive suits
IN chaheery VIII be the result and many instances
property will fall into the hands persons who have no
equitable title thereto. =
We have also made an with the I, e,rds,
OF Deeds to furnish Us on each morning with list of
Deeds flied for record the previous day
we nave procured from the Land Once list of thu
Lands entered in the County west Of Range 40 showing
by whom entered, whether with cash. warrants or
scrip the number Of each tract and the price
paid per acre. AGA. S. aT#$ 49, 80 = I :
We shall keep list of all Lands and Lots sold for
TAX ana Oh Judgments Mortgages, Deeds of Trust and
OF all other Liens by which the Title TO Real Estate can
be effected. 49,
Charges for an Examination OF Title vii,
he Reasonable. s-s 4-z...-. --
9, ri,ss''"s ~"S Dr"sshss.k Dos. :. Good
Council Bluffs Iowa Oct s-n.sa.u
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10

CO We notice a gratuitous charge, that
the Republicans Of this county have plot
on foot to deceive voters in relation to the
Democratic candidate for Representative,
by distributing printed tickets with the name
of j. P. CAsADY substituted for that Of
SAMUEL II. CAsADY. We believe the charge
entirely gratuitous and uncalled for, and we
nre surprised that any one should have CIV
en- it credence and publicity. The charge
is as malicious and malignant, as it is un-
true.
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10
Public Discussion.

We are pleased to learn that Messrs. Pu-
sEY and STREET, candidates for the Senate
from this District, will discuss. the ques-
tions at issue in the present campaign, at
the Council Chamber in this city, this even
ing. Nothing can be more gratifying to us,
than the contemplation of the result of a
fair, candid, courteous and free discussion
of the principles Of the respective parties.
We hope there will be general turn out,
and candid and impartial hearing given to
both speakers. From the well-known char
acter Of both gentlemen, we predict an in
teresting debate, and q general good feeling.
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10

DUY YOUR SUPPLIES NOW, AS. SCCH AN OP-
ID portunty will not be o1esed again for years. We
will sell At the following prices, with 10 per Oh to
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10
--INsuREs AGAINST THE
DANGERS OF FIRE!

Perils Of Inland Navigati0n.,
ut az Liberal Rules and Rates az Risks
Assumed Permit or for tSolvency and
fair Profit. seaass.rszz
90 ESPECIAL ATTENTION PAID TO
Insurance Of Dwellings Farm Property, Ose.
55& BuihlnSs nsA Contenss.F 81 HF
Such insured Tor periods Of 3to Years on the most IA
y sz,f3 -. ,vorable terms.
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10

Just Received.

q n CANS FRESH LARD. 500 LBs. wHSfEAN
CU Reserve Cbecsc which viii be seM cheap fef
cash e, Y. CONNOLLY GA
The Council Bluffs nonpareil. [volume] (Council Bluffs [Iowa]) 1857-1867, 1857-10-10

Aiexandcr,s Black aud Fancy Kid Gloves white and
Fancy Aerseillcs Shirts and Collars; silk and :
Flannel shirts and Drawers; Wool lined Fancy
Travelling Blankets, and Popiinette Robes,
Fancy Cheneile Scarfs, Silk Velvet i ia,sez
Sardenia and Narno Scarfs, Silk E
and Opera Ties; Shawls, Paris
Wool; sole Leather, trunks, 'stats'
d 3ts1# q valises ACarpct Bags 6ggeslH 7a5
t,S IA Gum Clothing and =
..a ia &c. Gauntlcts and r. SFi~
@N Gloves & SOB safyB HsS53
Mineral Point tribune. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1854-1858, 1857-06-23
9IG0GGm.

DEw DKnrs or WIsDoM-Laziness travels 50
slow hat poverty soop over,abes her.
II there be no faith ia our words, of what use
arn they
Past events are as clear 4 mirrer the ju-
ture obscure as varnisa.
Brave actions are the substance of life. and
good sayings the ornament Of L.
The trials of life are the tests which ascertain
how much gold there is in us.
Most men employ tn ir first years 50 as to
make their last miserable.
Among the base, merit legets envy ; among
Che noble, emulation.
Pride breakfasted with Plenty, dined with
Poverty, and supped with Infamy.
Woman-the morning star of infancy. the
day star of manhood, the evening star Of old
sgS.
4 man had better have all the Affections OF
all the afflicted, than be given up to a repining,
grumbling heart.
Keep your store of smiles and your kindest
thoughts for home, give to the world only those
which are to spare.
NOIi ~ SttIOH SilCIiu be Pheasant without
decency, learned without conceitedness, aoy el
without falseheod
rs y lady complaining of whiskers and
mutsaches, declared " 1t is one of the fashion
l invariably set my face against"
The errors of great men and the good deeds
of reprobates should not be rectoned in our es-
Inmates of their respective characters.
a bitter jest is the poison of friendship.
The weakest spot in man is where he thinks
himself the wisest
Misfortune and Misconduct 4zere barn twins
Our faults are often the parents of our woes and
he who most declaims at the worlds frown, has
often done his best to earn it.
An Irish auCtioaeer, while expatiating en- the
merits of a telescope, sagcly Observing How
often has the widows heart lept with JOY when
she has bekeld her husband at a DISTANCE
brought near TO her by such an instrument as
this -
1 stand, said a western stump orator, q on
the broad platform of the principles OF % and
PaIsIed be my arm If ever | torsake uru.'
-" on stand on nothing of the kind" inter-
rupted little shoemaker in the crowd, 'vou
stand on my boots that you never paid me for.
and L want my money.
I LEAVING IRAors.-" May leave a few tractss''
asked missionary of an elderly lady who res
ponded TO his knock.
Leave some tracts-certainly You nav"
said she, looking at him most benignly over her
specks, !" leave them with your heels toward the
house if YOU please"
+ The following conversation, says the SPRING
/ field Register, between TWO jolly of tie
Green Isle day or two since in front of our
| Office has point TO 1t:
:" say Jimmy, did you ever see such a sum-
uer as this same o.
/ Faith AID | have.
When p
! Last Writer BY jsbcrs e
Mineral Point tribune. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1854-1858, 1857-06-23

against Set OF irresponsible men, who
nave 1t IN their power TO change our con-
sutuuon, as 10 render il an engine with
which to enslave us, rather than inslru-
ment TO protect our liberties. Away.
then with parlizan Judges; or if we must
submit 10 them, let them be made respon-
sole to the people, like other officers Of
the government. We confess that we
are entirely In favor of an elective iudi-
cary; and the Supreme Court of the
United States should be no exception.
Mineral Point tribune. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1854-1858, 1857-06-23
p tru.
From putnam's Magazine for June
ROBERT OF LINCOLN.

From putnam's Magazine for June.
ROBERT OF LINCOLN.
By wA CULLEN BRYANT.
Aerrily swinging on briar and weed,
Near to the nest of his little dame,
Over the mountain-sde or mead
Robert of Lincoln Is telling his name
Bobse'-link, bob-olink,
Sphinx, spank, sphinx;
Safe and snug in that nest of ours
Hidden among the summer flowers.
Chee, ehee, chee,
Robert of Lincoln is gaily drcst.
Wearing bright black wedding coat
White are his shoulders aud white his crest,
Hear him call in his merry note,-
Bob-o'-link, bob-olink,
Sphinx, spank, spink,
f-Gak whal nice coat is mine
Sure there never 4 bird so fine,
Chce, chee, ehee.
Robert of I.incoln's Quaker wife,
Pretty and quiet with plain urown wing,
Passing at home patient life.
Broods in the grass whila her husband sincs,
Beb-o'-link, bob-o'hnk,
SPHINX spank, sphinx;
Brood kind creature! YOU need not fear
Tleives and robbers while l am here.
Chee, chce, chee.
Modest and shy a is she;
One weak chirp is her only .,,ta,
Braggart and prince of brslggarts is he
Pouring boasts from his little throat
Bob-o-Iink, bob-olink,
Spins. sli4fk, spinki
Never was afraid Of man
Catch me, coNarily knaves if YOU can.
Chce, chee, chee.
Six white eggs on n bed of f;sv
Flecked with purple, pretty sight.
There as the mother s:iIl sits all dav
Robert is singing with n his might.
Bot-o'-Iink bob-o'link,
SPHINX, spank, sphinx,
Nice good wife, that never goes out.
Keeping house while frolic about
Chce, chez, elee
Soon as the little on clip the she'll
Six wide mouths are open for food;
Robert of Lincoln bestirs him WE'LL
Gathering seeds for She huugrr brood,
Bob-o'-nk, bot--' Link,
Sphinx, spank, sphinx;
This new life is likely to be
Hard for gay younr fellow like me.
Chec, chce chee.
Robert of lincoln at length is made
sober with work, and silent with care
on i his holiday garment laid
Half forgotten that merry air.
Bob-o'-iHk, b, 3 o'-link,
SPHINX, spank, sphinx
Nobody knows but my mate andI
Where our nest and aestIinss lie
Chee, chec, chce.
Summer @aaas; iAe children are grown;
Fun and froIic 40 .4nra lac EnoHs;
Robert Of Lincoln Is n hundru4n cropa
oi lie f.cS. aud he sings as he goes
bob-o'-link, Bol-o'-liuk,
SPHINX, spank, spinb.
When you can pipe thst merry old strain,
robert OF Lincoln come back again
Chee, chae, chez.
Mineral Point tribune. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1854-1858, 1857-06-23

e@ A Vermont paper, with Just pride
says: There i but one city in this
State, and not a soldier. We have nc
police, and not a murder has been com.
,aiticd IN this State within the lest ten
years. we have 10 museums, nor crys-
tai palaces, bHt we have homes, gen
uine hemes, that are the centre Of the
world to their inmates, for which the IA
Their works, votes, and talks-where the
mother conlrols-educates labors, and
loves-where she rears men, scholars
and patriots. --rs.