New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-03-10

Eesps OF cnu-aru.p. tbe CoosUtai1n IN I'll lie o-s[.
irss, rsiher than 20 IO0k b. h'nd ;h1 PeIiod in'o
&c shich i no declared 20 b. pir1cy and p1n'nea
vrh death by Christian ns.ors. DO 10, hxe . er'S
y sources Of DOR domestic reid zoos nom 40 asix
ground. Oar indepepdsnc VS. grea, ePoc1 10 'os
history of Free joD and while l admit TIE u0se,n-
zen, a. DO: 4, .de specially fr The col rad ys
rany Of them we're citizens OF he Ne~ Eagi.of s'ses
aid exercised the nshs OF suffrage woen he Cousn'1
ton adopted, and It Ess douoted oy any la,ei
Gse, person tia; lts ierdencies TOad sreaIy SnehC
rsi. tseir cor dition.
MANY Of the States on The adoption Of the COuati;n
ton OF shor,y sfterwart. 10 measures - so1h.o
Slavery within their resp@c i've Jarsd etons AND u u
svel known fact tha 4 belief was ca -rlshed oy zoe
leading men S,uih a. wei a. North thai ne ln-n'u-
ton Of Slavery would gr'dusl Gee me urul sonli
become extinct. The Ii creased value OF slave 1907
in the culture Of cotton sGc sugar prevenes Toe Tea-
z,toD of this expectation Lise 81 Otoer co nmonles
Al s:stes, the Sou b were Influenced BY What hey
considered 10 De their own interests.
But Il We 70 turn our a;ent on to he dsrk ages
Of the world why CONNIE vieS 20 cOl)ret slavery
On The same PRINCIPLES white men we're made slaves.
All Slavery il. origin in power and = az .inst rsa'
The power of Congress 10 establish Territorial Gov
eri meis, end to prohibit the introduction O' slavery
therein, il the DeXt point u be Considered :,
After the c. ssion Of western territory oy Virgins
and other States to the Uotei States, the puo, 81
ention directed 10 the besi mode OF dhpo7ios "
il for he gel ers benefit. While 10 attendance on ne
Federal Convention Mr.. Madison IN Letter TO FL
III Randolph dated the pa April, 1857 says 1n-
ere-s are debeIa,ipg the plan most ee 'e Tor as
SINE alteration will probably BE- msie in the Octi
nance ON that subject" Add in the same letter he
ssys: The inhabitants of the Illinois complain OF
tie land jobber. &c who are purchasing uies usng
th,m These of ST. Vincent complain Of the detect
GRIN nal ana civil Justice smons them, as wen a. VI
nil tary protection And On the next DAY ne VINES
TO Mr. j. f rson "The Government OF the settlements
on m. Illinois and Wabash Is subject very perpeA
,ns in ih. ard reude I'd more os our gooance OF
the many circumsi ances which right Judgment de-
repo. The inhsbitsn at tbose places clam protecoa
sgains, the s.vsees and some provision Tor bo'h ciV
| In Nav. l7S7 Mr. Edmund Randolph submitted TO
Tie Fecera Convention certain propositions a. Tue
basis of q Federal Government, among which vas the
ROe.S That provision ought to be mad. for the admission
Of stses svfay srsDs wi biz The limits OF the Oned St.es
tory or oherwe Of number Ct voices 10
| The National IL sslatue, less than the whole. c.
ton in orc be referred to the Committee OF De
TAIL the following powers, as proper to be sdted 70
To di,pose OF tbe unsppropriaied lands of the United
States To institute temporary Governments Tor neg
States Arising therein To regulate affairs with the
| IL isns well within - without the Inn" OF tne
| United States g. =,
| Other propoti,iops were made in reference 70 the
same subjects VII ca it would be tedious to enumers'e
| Mr. Gouveroeur Morris proposed the following: " The
Legislature shall have power to dispose oil ana make
all peedu rules and gastiors se ting NE territory
or other property belonging to the al ed Ssfi aud
n,tl ing in this stu'on contained shali be go con-
,tIued to prejudice any csims either OF The uned
| States or Of any particular ate This was sdop ed
as psr Of the Copstitu lon, with two verbal alters
| ton.-CoI gress substituted for Legislature and
| the word either wac sirebsn OUT. -
In the organz atio OF the government, but little
reyeI ne for q series OF years expected from com
| u.rce The public lands consldered IS the
pin cpsl ,source of the country for the payment OF
The Revolutionary debt; Direct taaston vas Is t hs
government 1he short period that occurred between
the cession Of Western lands to the Federal Govern,
ueu by Virginia aid other S'see and the adoption OF
the Constitution sufficient ~ show the necessity OF
| a proper land system and temporary government.
Ths was clearly by proper items and remarks IN
| tie Federal Convention some OF which are above
cited b, the passage Of the Ordinance OF 7S and the
adoption of that instrument by Congress, under the
| Constitution which gave 10 1t validity
Ii viii be recollecfed that the deed of cession of
| Western Territory was mace to the United states oy
| Virginia IL 1884, and that it required the territory
ced,d 10 be lsio out into States mat the land should
be Opposed of for the nmon benefit of the States
..d all night title and clam. we'll OF sol ~ Of
jurisdiciiCn, were cedee and this the form Of
| cers'sn nom Other States
On the Is of July, the Ordinance Of 1877 VISA
pas ed for the government of the United States ter
nCIy Lonf wes' Of the liver Ohi),' viii out dis
seniipg vote. Tbis Instrument provided there should
be orgapzed the terrltry not lees than three nor
mole uaI live States nesiyn>'ing their b Duodaries
| Ii was passed while the Federal Convention was in
ssop ab, u t~o months before The Constitution
adott. by the Convention. TIE members Of the Con-
| ,epiion mus therefore, have been well acquainted
with the provisions Of the Ordif Ii provided for
temporary eovenu ent &c intiat0ry TO the formation
of State Governments Slavery prohibited 10 the
4 territory.
| Can any one suppose that the eminent men of the
Fede al Cony emit could have overlooked neglected
a matter vitality important 10 the country in the
gaLizaiiOp CT temporary Governments for the vast ter
Ii'ory north Of the River Ohio In The 81 section
Of The 4th article Of the Constitution they did make pro-
yisi for the sdnr sion Of States the sale of ths
public lands, ana the temporary government of the
territory. Without a temporary government new
States could not have been f,rmed could the pub
| lie lands have BE- Ell Sold
II the Sd section before now for considers-
uoD for the fret time under the facts stated could
Lerate say there sde quate lex sative Pc
given In II. The power to make AL needful rules and
| regulations il q poser TO legsate. This will
cobtrovt 8s Congress cannot make rules aud regu
lali DE-, except by legislation. Bat il Is argued that
The word territory used az ynonmous with The word
Land; sDC that the rults ana regu ,lo Of Congress
limited to the disposition VI Glands and other
property belonging to the United States" That
this is not the true construction Of the eecton sp-
pears from the fact that the fs line of the section
"tte 10 dispoee Ct tue puuc lands s given tx
pfessy snd in addition 10 make all Besdfd and
ieguatioLs TIE power 10 dispose Of is complete in
isef 81 r,qun.s Lotbing more 1t suthoriz Con.
10 tie proper means vi hin its dis reton aod
any further provision for thi; purps would be
eis Vel bsge. Az competition the Constitution is
remarkably nee iom sucb charge
In tie decussicp Of the power OF Jn9rees to govern
Terrofy, n the case of the Aanilc IosursLc, Com
pspy We. Csnfer II Peters 5ll Quits $751; Chief
Juitice Msrsbs speaking for the Court said III reg Ard
n ibe people OF FOrloa Ttey do not however. par
ficpa'e in political poEer they d. shsre in the
Government Ill floica snsll become = Stse IN the
nesLine Florida col tnues 70 be 4 Territory OF the
nteo States governed by virtue OF that clause 10 the
Constitution which empowers Copgre.s 10 make all
edfu rules and regulations respecting the territory or
And he sdcs, Perhaps the power Of governing