davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1857-03-06

SVhuhSN bretiJ Co. " hat Il dy or pentl,.p, an
ul' Ie"dlh under the curse Of dsagrteable braatb
when using the "BALMOF A THoUsAND FIowEpsn ~
uenuince would not ouy render it sweet but lev Tho
.selh white as alubaster' Many persons d. M t
tneir breath i bad, aud the SUBJECT is 50 deleate her
tR enus WIN never me- tion it, pur single drop NJ
bam on your tooth brush and wash the + etb ,t,.St
ana murnng a fifty cent bottle VILLAS ~ vaa, 's-'S
AbbAOIttGb COMPLEXION may easflt ~ ac,,,i,ot
~ using the ''Hdlm OF Thousand Flogerso Il iii
teoYo tan, pimpes, and freckes from Il skit, ,s d.
m9i SOFT and raseate hue. Wet towel poar =. ~
u suree az ps and wash the face night aud morning
enA vino MADE EAsY.-Net your shaving 5.,,.b
Sishsr 'arm Or cid water, pour TWO or three
VI nAta OF sHoUsAED FLOWERS, rub the beari =. II
auu y VIII make beautiful soft latner, much facifaI .
ne operation OF shaving Price only fifty cents Forsais
oy an fruggsls. Beware Of counter ieits More ,,a'
Inc unless signed by e0Nu
s22 daw6m Franklin Sonar NJ ~,
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
Hnrirni tur1l e.

SINNER CARE OF TREEs.-The general pol
icv in the management of young tree is to
throw its whole vital, wood-making power
into those branches, and those alone, which
are needed ard are to be preserved; that is,
SO to manage the tree that half its growth,
every two or three years, shall not be thrown
away in pruning. Examine the branches
See first what are necessary to make the
tree symmetrical. Then pinch OIL every
other sprout. If one starts from me 1o.-
tom pinch it off at once. ii branch y
pushing out too rapidly for the resi-, anu
threatens to outgrow them, pincn Oh ''!e
end and stop it. In this way, all the sap -
appropriated Just where It Is wahted' anu
the tree does not have to be shocheu every
wear by the wounds of the pruning knie.
All young trees should be muiched-
time to do this now Let not Their roots get
the bIish;ing impressions OF the n sun al
all. The mulching can be done IN numer
GUS ways. If the tree need enrlching, put
a good coat of coarse around it. The cheap.
est mulch. and one that answers well, tho
II does not look very well, is the grass NOW
ed obout this time in the door yard fut
ON enough of it so that it will not dry up,
but form mass and rot. DO not Try 10
grow too much wood. If the trees are set
1ut this spring, remember that their roots
have not got firm hold Of the earth yet, and
that their ability to feed the branches is Inn
tied. Therefore, cut down to meet the abil-
ity of the roots, in their new location. With
intelligent care, you can save all your trees,
and soon put them beyond harms way. By
all means do not be afraid of manure, in al
most any form.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01

JAcKsoN's GoLD BoN.-The joint committee
Of the New York common council met on
Saturday the 18th inst, to take action upon
the subject Of presenting this valu5ble testi-
monial to New York's bravest son \ com-
munication signed by upwards Of eighty
names, was received, comprising all the Off
GERS Of the 1st regiment of New York vol
unteers, and favOring the presentation of the
box to Col. WAED B. BENNETT. 1t was sta
ted that Gen. ScOTT had layished high en-
comiums upon the colonel. Some of MEM
bers OF the council, however, expressed
doubts whether he was entitled to the high
distinction Of being called New Nork's bra
vest son !; and the comittee decided to ad-
journ to the 18th, "wednesday to receive
testimony on the subject from all parties
interested.
The box is not a snuff box, as is generally
supposed. 1t is made of pure golo, is about
five inches square, and the neterial cost
$1,000, exclusive of the workmanship. 1t
was presented to Gen. Jackson by the city
of New York, and was bequeathed by him
to New York's "bravest son" in the next
war in which the United States might be
engaged. 1t is now in the possession Of
Andrew Jackson, jr., to whose care it was
consigned until disposed or in accordance
with the generals wishes.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
PAINTS, Oils, Drugs, Sc.
'~>>>N-~-~ 49,,
SETH G.. EARL Il SONS
Paint Establishment,

U" MuH STeet, az CusfndnS old Stand
Ottawa, Ill.,
20 keep pace with the growing business and import
ance OF our city, the propretors OF the above estab-
lshment have greatly enlarged their stock both as to
quantity, quality and variety Of articles and claim
that in point Of superiority and completeness now
exceeded by west OF the cities Their stock
embraces every article which be needed in m.
every article needed by painters and artists in all
branches Of thoir calling.
PAINTS, OILS, Il VARNISHES,
Glass, Sash, Doors, Blinds, Paper Hang
Jugs, Painters Brushes, Pencils, de-,
In all qualities and varieties To all the articles
they oner would occupy much space but the following
hst WIN give an idea Of the nature Of their stock.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01

FooD FOR Cows.-Dairymen state that on
an average, and the season through, the
cream from fourteen quarts of milk is re-
quired to make pound and half of butter.
One who feeds pumpkins TO his dairy cows
claims that with this food, nine quarts Of
milk yield pound of butter. Farmers and
dairymen who have tried pumpkin feed,
state that there is invariably large increase
in butter and cheese. As pumpkins can be
raised at small expense, there is no reason
why they should no. be come a profitable ar
ticle Of feed for cows.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
Quit Drinking Poisonous Liquors
Patent improved process for making
all Kinds of Liquors and Vinegar,
INSTANTLY by the use OF
LACOUR'S ESSENTIAL OILS

1J'HESE Oils obtained by Dstilation the Chem
i cal Laboratory, Parish Of Jefferson, Of Pierre La
cour, author Of Lacour's Chemical Analysis, Lacours
Chemical Nianpuasions, Lacour on the Manufacture OF
Liquors, &c.
Purchasers are particularly requested return the
TASKS and obtain their money if the Oil does not give
perfect satisfaction.
LACoURS OIL OF COGNAC converts neutral spirit to
superior imitation Imported Brandies, viz otard,
Mare;t Cognac, Poultney, segnette. United
Vineyard Propre,ors, Cas,ion and London Dock Bran
dies. These liquors will have full fruity flavor aud
beautiful, sparkling color. Common Rectihed Whisky
will be changed by the OF the OIL Of cognac to New
York Brsndy, Pine Apple Brandy, Common cognas
IAcOUR's OIL OF RYE change, Eectihed Whisky to
Monongahela Rye whiskey, Old Virginia Malt Whisky,
Bourbon Whisky, &c.
OIL OF CEDRAT changes common Rectihed Whisky
Old Irish Malt Whisky, and superior article Of
OIL OF PEACH changes common Whisky to Virginia
Peach Brandy, &c Oil of Peach and oil Of Cognsc will
convert Common whiskey to Apple Brandy.
OIL OF GIN converts the poorest Whisky to Holland
Gin scheidam schnapPs, Rose Gin, Swan Gin, English
LACoUR,s CONCENTRATED ACID will. in FIVE hour.
after being mixed change five gallons 81 good Vinegar
gallons of water to thirty gallons Of the
mos, acid Vinegar that he found in the market By
the use of Lacours Concentrated Acid vinegar be
made for one dollar and sixty cents per barrel.
FOR MAKING LIQUORS, Lacours Oils require no
preparaon-only pour the oil into the whsksy shake
well. The liquors thus made will have fine natural
aroma, a full, rich oily taste; beautiful Transparent
color and fine bead Lacours oils exert three distinct
properties in converting common whsksy to brandy,
gin, &C. The first property combines with and subsidies
in the form Of nocuen particles the whole of the grain
oil, (Amytic Acoho The whiskey is thas deprived Of
peculiar irritating and burning taste, and becomes
spirit the second property consists in an oily
mucilag impaired to the liquor which renders
it mellow, and imparts appearance of great age the
third property exhibited in the rich, yinous nuy odor
impaired to the liquor, which renders distinction
from the genuine brands impossible.
These oils put up in quart TASKS; each flask con-
tains oil for making three hundred gallons OF liz
ouor Full and comprehensive directions accompany the
bottles. Price, 81 per bottle.
For sale at the corner OF st. Charles and Poydras
streets 49,
One bottle of these oils, five in number will be secure
II packed and shipped, with bill OF adng, to any part
Of the country upon the receipt of f0 10 the address
Of p. LACOUR, New orleans.
Purchasers are requested, as guarantee OF good
faith to furnish the of house in New Or
leans and we will ship them package of the Obs II
they do perform all that claimed for them, they
will cost nothing jan17
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
La Sale Street Drug Store

HAVING purchased the entire stock OF Drugs, Medi-
i cnes, Obs Paints &c-, formerly owned by Hunter
Toombes would say TO his friends and the public ge
Morally, that he will continue the drug business the
S1a -,-nd- on La Sale ~ doors north Of 81 H.
Swifts law Once, wnere ne VIII be happy
all those who may favor him call. All per-
wishing obtain pure article the drug line,
will always be sure to find it at McAKrHr.'s, he in
tends keep other kind. He would invite atten.
on Of the ladies in particular TO his stock of Perfume
ry which Is the best and extensive offered in
Ottawa varying in price and quality suit
He has also large and beautiful assortment of Lamps,
Lanterns, Chandeliers OF all Sizes from twenty-five
up fifty dollars each.
Also Hat, Tooth, Pail Cloth, and Paint Brushes. OF
all descriptions; besides Soaps, Shaving Creams, Poma
;uIns Hair Oil, Combs, Pens Ink, Paper, Envelopes,
host of fancy articles, mention
He will keep constantly hand Sash and Glass Of all
sizes glazed ready for use, at manufacturers prices
DR.. MCAHrHCR will continue the practice of medicine
heretofore and may always be found at his Store,
when not absent on professional business. feb3
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
Whereas,

ordinance authorizing the Mayor Of the City OF
N Ottawa TO borrow the of twelve thousand dol
be expended In erecting and furnishing school
house has been passed by the City Council and approved
by the OF the City election held for that pur
pose which be secured by bonds Of the City Of
five hundred dollars each payable years after date
with interest the Of ten per cent, payable
ally
Now therefore, /, GEORGE Y. WALKER, Mayor of said
City, hereby give notice that ready at my Office in
Ottawa, TO receive subscriptions TO said loan By the
dinsnce it : provided that there stall be annually
the treasurer be used for other purpose,
OF the first money received into the treasury, :u
cient pay said interest.
good opportunity is here afforded 10 make safe in
where the interest will be promptly paid
ally Those who wish subscribe will please do i'm
mcdiately. desirable that the building should be
erected during the coming summer
my23 G. l. WALKER, Mayor,
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01

Paper Hdnging.-Plan and Satin Paper, Borders
fre-board Prints OIL and Transparent Window Shades
Trimmings, &c.
GEGss.-An sizes from by TO- to 32 by a.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01

No man can safely 90 abroad that does
not love to stay at home no man can safely
speak, that does not willingly hold his
tongue; no man can safely command, that
has not truly learned to obey; and no man
can safely rejoice but he that has the testi-
mony Of good conscience.-7Aomas Il.
EemPis.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
NONTGOMERY'S
Family Provision Store.
Esfcnsiye Arrivals.

Extensive Arrivals.
II He subscriber has just received his Spring at
the above old and popular establishment, compris-
article included in the list of the nsef and
health full substan;ias Of life. His purchases are
elsewhere, comprise the largest, fullest freshest
and cheapest stock OF Family to be found be-
tween Chicago and St Louis. He invites who are
skeptcal this pont 10 call and them. follow
ing articles comprise hat Of his list constantly on
hand.
Sugar, brown loaf, clarified, and crushed
CbTss, Rio rad Java.
NofnSses, sd Jar honse, plantation, and syrup.
1dHdteS, star stearne, sperm, and tallow.
T6Is, green, black bohea, &c.
.SpHp, rosin, CASTLE, and shaving.
TobHcco, Cavendsh, fine cut, smoking &c.
Cigars, anything from u 'long nine' to "nild four
penny Cuba"
OiLS, linseed sperm, and olive.
Pork, lard, tallOw, &c.
Ftah makerel, white, herring, and trout.
Cocoa EutS, raisiIs, and cuTrants.
Figs, at retail or by the drum.
Gi"ge" Preserves, very fine article.
Vinegar, the best crab and cider.
Pickles, in jars, all kinds, extra.
Pt2pe,. Sauce, pepper, salt, asPce, ginger, and all
other ordinary condiments.
Nuts, Brazil, ilberts, almonds, pea nuts, &c.
Toys for children including babies, and everything
else from the elephant 70 Jack the giant killer.
Dysters, sardnes, &c, in cans.
CIniies, a lot OF all kinds.
Jdiis, broOms mops, &c.
Oranges and lemons, fresh from the sonth, at retail
~ the box.
Fdper, ink, pens, and all kinds of stationery
/J,o, shot, lead, and everything that line
Fishing tdcki-, from the longest pole mnnow hooks
Flour, potatoes, vegetables in their season, butter
chickens, and all such little arrangement, need
ed in families, always kept when they possibly be
procured for love or money.
VIOLINS.
very fine lot Of Victims, with all the arrangements,
AL!SO-6AicogO and Alton Lime and CeHaent tose.
Their with everything else that be named in his line,
Ottawa. May 81. 1856. r. MONTGOMERY.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
BOOK BINDERY.

A new BUSImeSS III OttdWa.
1HE subscriber would inform the people of La Sale
l. and adjoining Counties that he has established a
BOOK BINDERY in Ottawa, where he will be happy to
receive orders for anything in his line.
Blank hooks
OF all kinds manufactured to order in workmanlike
manner. Also old books rebound Pamphlets and ma
gaines bound in any style required. Maps covered and
vanished.
Paper Boxes
And all other work done which belongs to branch Of
business Let be borne in mind that it is longer
necessary to send to Chicago to get your Blank Books
manufactured, any kind of Binding done, for you
have an establishment in Ottawa that do it all, and
save you the trouble Of sending abroad.
Please give call in the room over the Telegraph
Office, south side Of the Court House Square
nov1 y. VI LoIH.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01

Venus, the moring star now, and Jupiter
arc both distinctly visible on clear mornings
rs late as 10 o'clock, occupying positions in
the heayans a little south Of east. Many
have gazed at Venus, now shining with
great brilliancy, thinking her the comet.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
MafshaI'S Sale.

United States Circuit Court Esecton No s74 and sI5.
Y virtue of two writs Of Feri Edcids directed,
ID from the United States Circuit Court for the North
District Of Illinois, In favor of Geo. Bliss ct ats
of Geo Bliss and against Alonzo Whitmore and Joseph
A. Whitmore, have levied the following property,
to wit
lot in the town OF waverly the east half Of lot
(2 in block No fifteen, 5 with the storehouse thereon
occupied by J. g. Adams. Also fifty 1--WE $50
the I'd principal meridian both Of said tracts Of land be-
ing situated in the County Of La Sale and State Of Ili
n0s The first described tract taken the property Of
Aonzo Whmore and the second the property Of 10.
seph A. Whitmore.
Which shall expose to Public Sale, on the twenty
tenth day Of August next the Cour, House door, in Of
tawa In said County to the highest and best bidder for
ready money.
Sale commence between the hours Of O'Clock A. NJ
and sunse: Of said day Dated this 18th day Of July A.
d. 1851. IRAN NYE,
juIs o. S. Marshal, Northern Dit Of IUinoi..
To all persons iRterested in TIE Estate Of Berjdnin
Hess. deceQsed:
N0TICEs hereby given, that at the term OF the
~ La Sale County Court, TO be holden at the Court
House in Ottawa, shall petition said Court for an order
for the sale OF much OF the real estate belonging TO
said Benjamin Hess the Of his death will be
sufficient TO pay the debts and liabilities OF said estate
JEREMIAH HESS, Erecutor.
GLOVER Cook Soils. julia
To persons interested in tie estate Of george Joseph
Ciotd. Il minor:
NOTICE hereby given, that at the next term Of the
~ County Court of la Sale County to be holden at
Ottawa shall petition said Court for
the payment OF his debts and Liabilities and for his
maintenance. NEWTON CLOUD,
guardian Of sail minor.
GLOVER 4 Cook, Sols. julIl
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
RuSsell'S Furniture Depot.

ESTABLISHED IN ISIS.
yUyE subscriber respectfully informs his old patrons
Il and the public that he has moved into his
building where he opens with increased stock and faci
Ies and offers at least as good trade as formerly.
In assortment, quality and price, the Depot shall be
second to no other establishment in the County.
The strictly one Price and CIsh Sstena his motto
Ottawa, June s, 1857. PETER RUSSELL.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
Rail hoaos.
Chicago h r. Island Railroad.

Joliet Division Opened.
TWO TRAINS EACH WAY DAILY.
Going East.
DAssENGER Trains leave Joliet for Detroit at s35 A.
l. NJ, and $50 p. ~, arrival Of Chicago Alton
ST. Louis trains from the South.
Going West.
Leave Lake Junction 6:55 A. NJ. and SIS p NJ,
arrival Of trains from Detroit and Cincinnati.
Passengers from the South and West via the Chicago,
Alton St Louis and Chicago Rock Island Railroads,
VIII md this the most direct to the East and South
East, and may be Of making prompt connections at
Detroit, Suspension Bridge, Buffalo, and Cleveland with
all the main lines Of travel and at Michigan City with
New Albany and Salem trains to Cincinnati Lafayette,
Louisville and the South.
Through tickets be purchased Office at JOLT
ct, for all the principal cities and towns the East
r. G. RICE, Superintendent
GEO B. MAcGREsoR, En0ineer Joliet Dirision iui21
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
IT is Invented.

THE thing that farmers have long wanted-a Sc
L PARATING CORN slELLER, with horse pow
which superior anything Of the kind in for
neatnes durability perfection Of its work. and it.
usefulness farmers in general. The whole machine
weighs $50 lbs, and is capable Of sheng and preparing
for milling, 20 bushels per hour under avora
bic The power may be used for various
other purposes For sale by NANLEY DOW.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
Me0irines.
MOFEAT,S
Life Pills and PhHnix Ritters.

VUVHE best family Medicine before the public for
IL the Of Scrofuld Ulcers, Scurpy or EruDti0ns
of the Skin, Ferer and A0ue, Dyspepsia, Dropsy and
most all diseases yield to their curative pro.
perties.
1t has been computed that during the last twenty five
years upwards of -Four MUions Of persons have teen
benefited by the Of these medicines; fact which
speaks In favor of their curative propertes-a
single trial will place them beyond the reach OF compet
ton in estimate of every patient. By their the
BLOOD is RESTORED TO HEALTHY STATE and freed
from al impurities The system is not reduced during
their operation but invgorated, ard they require
strant from business pleasure
The afflicted hare in these medicines remedy Tat
spiH do for them all that medicine possibly effect
Prepared by w. d. MOFFAT, NJ D., Nelo York,
And for sale by DAVID WALKER CO.,
G. L. THOMPSON,
iupoO-ly Ageuts Ondacd, III.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01

WcAAS AND MARRIAGE.-I have specialized
great deal upon InatrimOny. have seen
young and beautiful woman, pride Of gay
circles, married as the world says, well.
Some have moved into costly houses, and
their friends have all come and looked at
their furniture and their splendid arrange
ments for happiness, and they have gone
away and committed them TO their sunny
hopes cheerfully and without fear. II is
natural to be sangune for them as the
young are carried away sometimes by SINH
lar feelings. l love TO get, unobserved, into
n cOrne~, and watch the bride in her white
attire, and with her smiling face her soft
EYES meeting me in their pride of life, weave
dream of future happiness, and persuade
myself it will be true. | think how they
viii sit upon the luxurious sofa as the twi-
light falls and build gay hopes, and murmar
in low tones the now not forbidden tender
ness; and how thriliingly the hallowcd kiss
and beautiful endearments welded life will
make even their parting joyous, and how
gladly come back from the crowded and
empty mirth Of the gay to each others quiet
company. | picture to myself that young
creature who bushes even now in this hesi-
tating course listing eagerly for his footsteps
as the night steals on, and wishing that he
would come, and when he enters al last, and
with an affection, as undying as his pulse,
folds her to his bosom. | can feel the tide
that goes flowing through the heart, and
gaze with him on the graceful form as she
moves about for the kind offices of affection,
soothing all his unquiet cares and making
him forget even himself in her young and
unshadod beauty / go forward years, and
See the luxuriant hair put soberly away from
her brow, and her girlish graces resigned
into dignity, loveliness chastened with the
gentle meekuess Of maternal affection. Her
husband looks on her with proud eye and
shows her the same fervent love and delicate
attention which first won her; and their
fairy children are grown about them, and
they go on full of honor and untroubIed
years, and are remembered when they die.
- Washington Lrsiag.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
Notice to Liquor Dealers and Merchants.

NOTICE. 10 Liquor DedIers anu MeTCHdutss
n COMPLETE assortment Of the Oils necessary, for
"a making and favoring every variety of liquor and
directions making Cider without Apples and for
yerng the Cider to all kinds Of white and red Wines,
Champagne, &C. and package Of the articles used for
giving strength liquors, converting 20 gall
Ions whiskey 100 gaons and every article neces-
sary to commence a liquor store, will be furnished for
$25 Also all the information to conduct such
an establishment thus enabling the beginner TO sue
cessfully compete with the oldest liquor dealers Ad
dress through the Post Office, -
p LACOCR, New Orleans.
Ldcour's Concentrated Acid for making 'inegdr, 70
put M in gallon packages IS per package-in good
r. I;..i ~ !. =. e." janl7
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
For Sale.

" TO acres NV "a sec T. "a, X. .
E11 Nwti Sec. 81, T. 80, R. s.
NEk Sec. %, T. "a, Il. 5.
Lot 81, Ottawa City.
AZ Lots in the States Addition to Ottawa.
3 Lots in Ottawa Centre.
2H. 81, s. and lots in subdivision of part Of
the NEli Sec. 3, T. 81, X. 3.
This property overooks the City, and is the de-
sirabe and valuable property in Ottawa for residence
Also 1, g and acre lots east of Geo. W. Bassett's
present residence and about So lots in Basses Addition
Ottawa, adjoining and north of Champin Hanbury's
Addition These lots Will be Go by $50 feet Any OF the
above property will be sold years time II desired
with interest only payable annually at ten per cent.
myl6 GEO. :. FISHER.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1857-08-01
sze5Eas U. s.
9a!sE HH rs rs Is III Mail route
Betreen Ottnaca and Auro,

Betreen Ottacd and Aurora.
1IE undersigned having tax the for carry
ing the mails the above route is prepared to take
passengers through with comfort and despatch.
leave Ottawa on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Satur-
days. at O'Clock A. NJ arrive at Aurora at O'Clock p.
NJ same day-passng through Newark, Bristol, and os
wego. fdecl3l J. II. CIRCUIT.