The Carolina Spartan. [volume] (Spartanburg, S.C.) 1852-1896, 1857-10-08
Professor Faraday's Lecture
Before The Royal Insfitai;oa, EsJ. 27. /

DgoFeWe LtOydt lnsutdH0R, REQ. "a, 1851
This lecture is on the Conservation of
Force. 1t has attracted much attention from
the high reputation of the lecturer. from.its
strength, and from the boldness with which
the received theories of science are, exam
ined.
Tue main idea of the lecturer is that force
! g. e. vis, or the power, or that with gives
moton) can neither be created nor destroy
ed; that gravity" has no exemption from
the principle of conservation; but that, be,
ing inconverlible in its nature, It offcrs
an unchanging test of the matter recognis-
ed by it. .Hftl1
Prof +. contends that The conservation
of force ought to be admitted as phYsicai
principle in all our hypothesis; that .sIl
forces act III time, and across space. and w
or in physical lines; that, a theory cannot be
accepted as sufficient unless the principle
Of the conservation of force be contained in
it.
Prof +. asserts that the idea OF grayity
ignores entirely the principle of the CEN
sersatiou of force. Suppose particle OF
matter A to exist alone: it has no force Of
attraction. Let Il be created; alone it
could not attract; but, both existing, force
or power is supposed 10 be created by jux,
taposition; or, III other words, position Gre
ates force. The learned professor. ASSERTS
that the usual definition Of gravity is in,
consistent with the principle Of the couser-
walton Of force.
| Prof /. believes that the cause OF grayi-
ty Is not resident in the particles Of matter,
but is constantly in them and IN all space,
which he claims was the opinion of ofNewtou,
that tnerfio is pure case OF the conservr.
ton of force with a strict relation to gravity.
Prof +. denies that he is opposed to the
law Of gravitating action; but that the to-
iality OF force is never employed as gravity.
Heat is supposed TO show the conserve
ton OF force, for il is transferable, and il
can be made to produce mechanical motion;
1t can be made TO act against gravity.
| Prof +. also cites chemical attraction in
relation TO his fundamental principle. The
lecturer considers all force as convertible
into various forms of action, bslieving that
IN ITS totality it is Of one value; producing
effects TO one degree; that it cannot be gen.
Grated or destroyed, increased or diminish.
| cd. - ~
Prof. Faraday asserts that a mathemati.
| cal mind, simply as such, has no adsantaga
over an equally acute mind that is not
mathematical in perceiving the nature and
power Of any new principle. He affirms
that he does not oppose Newton ia any
point; that it is rather those who sustain
| the idea of action at distance who coutra-
f! dict Newton.
Prot. Raraday concludes by observing
that all We have that is good aud safe---as
the steam engine, the electric telegraph
! are witnesses 10 the conservation OF force:
that it would require perpetual motion, FIRE
without heat, heat without q source, action
without reaction, cause without effect, or
effect without cause, to displace this funda.
mental principle from the theories Of phil
| osophy. This resume Of the lecture is pre-
pared from report sanctioned by the learn
ed lecturer.
The ORIGIN OF THE ISABELLA CRAZE
| General J. G.. Swift, of Geneva, New York,
| ina letter to the National In,elligencer,
gives the following account Of the Isabella
grape:
81. originated at Goose Creek, near
Charleston, South Carolina, and is hybrid
of the native fox and the Burgundy of the
| Euguenois. Gov. B. Smith, of North Caro-.
lima, brought the grape vine to Smithyille
in 1909, aud Mrs. Gibbs took a cutting
from Governor Smiths garden to BROOKLYN
| Heights in 1917. In 1919 purchased the
Gibbs place, in Brooklyn Heights, OF George
Gibbs, E-q, who came from Baden coun.
ty. North Carolina; Col. George Gibbs was
from Newport, Rhode lslaud, In 1920,
from the tirst well grown vine in my gar
den, gave cuttings TO William Prince, Of
Flushing, who in compliment 10 Mis-. Swift,
proposed to name tho grape Louisa Mrs.
Swift objected, saying Mrs. Gibbs's Isabel
la was more entitled to he name, and thus
the name. Mr.. Seaton may remember tha,
in 1922 gave him and Mr. Calhoun, Sec.
retary Of War, plants Of the Isabella. AS
TO the hybrid character OF the plant, the two
faces of the leaf show the upper to be Bur
gundy and the lower fox.
"Ihe CataNba is 4 more delicate plant
than the Isabella, and more shy bearer.
Ii may be judicious TO cultivate tie Isabel
la by grating until Its pulp, now leathery,
may become soluble, and thus Weld drier
wine Than it now makes"
| We well remember the incident Of 1922.
referred to by our friend Gen Swift. Mr..
Calhoun, who was our near neigi,ber du-
ring The eight years Of his Seeretaryship.
planted his wine cutting in large bed of
compost in his garden, which gave it avig-
or OF growth that in the course of two wears
covered an incredible space Of ground; and
from that plant, wc believe. all the count.
less vines Of the Isabella grape in this. city
originally sprung. Edits. Net IaleH.1
PARLoR LABORATORY. - astonishing Er
periment.-.nto a small re:ori plaee an
ounce Of strong liquor OF poiash--that ia.
pure potash dissolved in water, together
with about drachm of prosphoruS Letths
neck or beak of the re,ort dip into a SAUCER
OF water, say half an inch deep; now very
gently heat the liquid ia The relorl with n
spirit.lamp until it boils. In few minutes