Cooper's Clarksburg register. [volume] (Clarksburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1851-1861, 1857-07-24
agrignltataIE allS s9oIIleattr.
From the American FarnieF.
FARM YAK D. NTAENIIRE.
very. elaborate .paperion ftheS 1.C


A very elaborate paperEon fthesl Com, :.
position" Of Farm Yard lNanures, and de
changes, ttotich Il apeisrgoes atasdqer different
circun'StancsS.'' appears in late No. of
the Journal Of the Royal Agricultural So
ciety Of England, from the pen OF DR.. Au-
gustls Voelcker, F, c. s. Prof. of Chenns
istry in, the Royal Agricultural College,
Cirencester. Its length will exclude our
publishing it entire. and consequently we
must content ourself with the following
concluding remarks of the author, which
embrace the pith. and to use his own lam
guage, /" the more prominent and practi>
callY interesting points which have been
developed inthe course of this investigas
tion. % -. :, :. =. as =.
would therefore observe, t,r-.s,,,,,,s., ~
vrI.r Perfectly fresh farmsyardi manure
contains but small portion 'ofiamno1ia:
2:sHrhe nitrogen IN fresh, dung, exists
principally in the state Of insellble nitro.
3. soL4bE Sgshish ina fiaidefsl eonsti-
tuepe qf dung ne hush ofesySlhabfe
than inso!Isble.l RFHieular esrearhsrefore,
should be bestowed upon the preserva-
clqn heslqnld4, excrement 7of aninafsS
and4orathsCs auIe reason manure Ssh0nld
be Reptfn p6rteefl II va tsrPSoot pits Of
spttiiepbeaPaeitya 40 rende rythetlset ting
up of dung heaps in the epfnerat6f fields,
as much as is possible uhnec cesar -
.4a4karmtIard manure, even insq ute a
fresh statsSseentAins phesphates otSlime,
whIehTis much more soluble than has
been lntherto suspe cted. a-,isiusaf .sE3 I
"a THeurinei of the horse; COW and pig
does not contain any appreciable quanti>
~ OF ph0sphate'of lime. while 'drainings
dung heaps contain considerable guam.
uties OF this valuable fertilizer. The
DRAWINGS IF, tiaingheaPs; partly for this
reason. are rporeypluahle than tie urine
of domssti6 hhimdfS} and therefore ought
toihe prevented by lall available means
from running to astc. no "fEE
s. Ehe most etfuelual means in pre-
venting loss 10 fcrtl ling matter is 10 cart
the manure directly OF the field where
circumstances allow this TO be done.
Z. On all soils with moderate proper
tion'of clay no fear need be entertained
of valuable fertilizing substances becom.
ing wasted if the manure cannot be plow-
ed in st once. Fresh, and even we'll rot
ten dung contains very little free ammo
MAJ and since active fermentation, and
with 1.-THE further evolution Of free am
monia, is stopped by spreading out the
manure on the field. valuable volatile ma
nures cannot escape into The air by adopt
ing this plan.
As all soils having moderate proper
ton OF clay possess in q remarkable de-
gree the power OF absorbing and retaining
manuring matters, none of the saline and
soluble organic constituents are wasted
even by heavy fall Of rain. 1t may,
indeed, be questioned whether it is more
advisable to ploughin the manure at once.
or let it leon the surface for some time,
and to give<the rain full opportunity, to
wash it into the soil '.
disappears to me matter Of the grest4
est impc rtance to regulate the application
If manure to our fields so that. its consti.
uents may bseome properly diluted
and uniformly distributed amongst "a
urge mass of soil BY blowing in the ma
nhre. at .oLLce. it appears to me, this desi-
rable- end cannot be reached SO perfectly
as by alEd%in z Tire ram Il wash in gradu~
ally the manure evenly spread on the sur
face of the field.
By adopting such course, in case
practical experience should confirm my
theoretical reasOniE <, the obi lection could
no.longeL. be maintained that the land is
not ready for carting manure upon it.
am much inclined % commend as a gen.
efal rule Cart the manure on the field
spread it ut OF ce and wait for favorable
opportunity 20 pillow it in, without losing
any appreciate quantity, Of manuring
matters am perlt city aware that or
stiff, clay land. farm yard manure, more
especially long dung, when ploughed ii
before the frost sets in, exercises q mos
beneficial action by keeping the soil loose
and admitting the free access Of frost
which pulverizes the land, and would
therefore by no means recommend to leave
the manure spread ON the surface with
OutplOughing it in. All l wish to en-
force IS, that when no other choice is lef
but either TO set up the manure in hear
in a cornier of the field, or to spread it OF
the field. without ploughing it in directly
to. adopt the latter Ian. In the case o
very light. sandy soil, it may perhaps no
be advisable to spread out The manure {
long time before it is ploughed in. sine,
such soils dos not possess the power ofsre
tanning maaufIii : hfattsai il any markec
degtes:' H9ns liz ht, sand son, l. woulc
suggest to manure with we'll ,fermentet
dang,sb0rttgsbefOre the crop, intended t
bsgf6W4 IS sown 80 -, 49,. -, 49,. ;; cs. !.
sess WeA.roueh dung contains likewise
listle.sfree ANN onia, bus q very mucl
larger potion OF soluble, organic and So
line ,rninenabmatters than fresh manure.
Ss.S Rotten. dung is richer in nitrogen
10. Weight for weight. rotten dung il
more valuable than freshaH
-1lsSluithei fermentation OF dung u very
consfderahlt nronortinn of tho nrnnnir