davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

stream Loss between one and two tbous,
and do liars.
WASHINGTON MARSHAL or FRAScE-Jt
is not generally known that General Wash
lngt0n, during the war Of the Revolution.
received the honorary title Of NqreschoI
DE France. In reference to this matter
Interesting as an historical incident in
the life of the Father Of his Country the
Frederick (Va) Examiner, of the lg,h
contains the following -
" Some weeks ago, in Conversation j.,
the Examiner office, Il gentleman Of this
city remarked that hehad in his possession an
oid porcelain mug, with an efiigy of General
Washington on horseback. and the inscrin
ton beneath, George Washington, Esn
General in Chief Of the L. s. Army and Mar
shall Of France discussion tbernunon
arose as-to whether Washington had ever
received the JatoH Of a Marshal Of France
To resolAe the doubt, Colonel A. Kim
mel said he woulI address the venerable
&. W. Parke Custis, the surviving
member Of Washingtor's household on the
subject. lie did SO, and received in rcply tho
following letter
ARLINGTON IIorsE. Aug. IS, 1857.
MY DEAR Col. kIMMEL Your very ac-
ceptable letter came duly to band In re.
gard to Washington as Marshal Of France.
| have In this house proof as strong a.
noly Wit, IN an engraving OF Napier of
! Mcrchstoun, the celebrated inventor of the
Logirithms, (which was presented to Wash
ington by the Earl of Buchan, a relative of
the philosopher with the endorsement IN
the handwriting of the Earl 10 Marshal
General Washington, with the respects of
! Buchan. Now Buchan lived in the aye Of the
| Revolution and was the associate of Courts,
and certainly would not have addressed to
| one he 50 loved and admired as he did to
the Chief, title to which the Chief had no
claim Lord Napier, on visit to the Ar
hngton House was greatly gratifed by
sight OF Renaissance Of his ancestors
treasured among the relics Of Washington.
The history of the American, a Marshal
OF France, is simply this. When, in ISL
Colonel Laurens went to France as speciar
ambassador, a difficulty arose between him
and the French Minister. as to the command
OF the combined armies in America Our
cherolc Liurens said, Our chief must COM
mand 1t Is our cause, and the battle is on our
soil. C'e0 impossible, exclaimed the
French; by the etiquette of the French
service, the Count de Rochambeau. being
an old Lieutenant General, can only be
commanded by the King in person, or a
MdreSchaL de France Then exclaimed
Laurens. make our Washington Mares
chal dc France, and the difficulty is at an
end. 1t was done.
\ friend of mine heard Washington
spoken of as Monsieur is Nareschai at the
siege of Yorktown Our beloved Wash
lngton never coveted or desired rank or
title; but,it is beyond a doubt that from the
force OF circumstances just related, the rank
and title Of Mareschai de France was con-
ferred upon the Generalin Chief of the
combined armies Of America and France.
Believe me, dear sir, truly and faithfully
your obliged friend and servant,
GEORGE W. z. CusTls.'
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

HEIGHT OF MoUNr WAsmSGroS.-At tho
late meeting Of the Association for the ad-
vancement Of Science in Montreal,
Prof Guyot gave review
OF the different measurements of
Mount Washington. The measurement Of
DR.. Bigeow has been generally adopted
which gave the height, 6225 feet
Eleven observations of Prof
Guyot in 1851, gave G2os q"
The coast survey gave $3.50 "
We understand all these to have been made
from barometical measurements, or from
trigonometical observations from bases
considerably distant. The variation is very
small. We are not aware Of any determ-
nation by leveling. Prof Guyot defended
the use of barometers in measuring heights,
but in answer to question, said that the
aneroid barometer is not fit for the purpose
We do not believe that anything better
than well made Bunten's barometer can
be found,
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

! INDIAN CoRN.-Malze or Indian Corr
originated in America, and is not yet, VT
think, cultivated to any extent on the Eu
rOpean continent. Though the people OF
Great Britain cannot be made to apprecl.
ate its merits very fully, the aggregate ex-
ports of corn in 1856, IN the form of whole
grain, meal, corn starch, farina, &c., am
Ounted to between seven and eight million
dollars, or about one iurtieth of the whole
exports OF the country, and E 200 900 bush
els, considerably msre than half, went to
England alone.
Corn has alwaps been an important artI-
Gle IN this country, both of consumptlon
and export. The total amount of this Tro-
duce exported IN 100 was 57S $40 bush
els in 1871, 1904 1916 bushels, Of which
35l COS were Indian meal. The value of
corn and its manufactures exported from
the United States in 1880. was S597,llq. .
in 1855 Sl,2l7 COS in $50, 81 DAB $40 =,
IN 1910, 81 ,O53 ,293 in 1850, 81 ,6j2 SO4
The export increases more rapidly than the
production. The export of corn quadru-
Piled between 1910 and 1850, while the
production did not quite double.
The great amount of invention bestowed
on corn planters, corn cutters, shelters, cob
grinders, etc tends each year to increase
the amount of production 1t has been es-
umatcd that, rs a general rule, seven
pounds of corn will produce one pound of
pork SO that in localities where through
distance from market or lack OF transporta-
ton facilities, the cereal cannot be raised
at a profit for sale, it is frequently the ma
terlai used in tattenlng the more cOncen-
trated form of diet, and ON which, conse-
quently, the freight Is less. Cob meal, we
believe, is most valuable for animals that
chew the cud horses and hogs as gem
crl thing, deriving less benefit from the
cob grinding inventions. With all animals,
however, We believe there ia Vorceptible
advantage realized 10y mixing the cob with
the denser neal Scientific American.
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28
The Atlantic Gable Broken!

The report of the Telegraph ships being
seen 300 mil west of Ireland, by the pro-
peller Edinburgh is discredited altogether it
being based on authority not to be relied
on. We learn by telegraph to-day from
Boston that news had been received that the
Telegraphic fleet was on its way back to
England, having broken the cable on the
morning of the llth inst. when 33j miles
out.
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

RETURNED FfLIBUsTERs. The Steamship
Tennessee which arrived at New York on
the 18th brought 2G0 persons, formerly be-
longing to Walkers filibustering army IN
Nicaragua. They deserted him and his
cause when destruction stared them in the
face.
The Costa Ricans furnished them mea-
gre support to help them cut Of the coun-
try. They speak very harshly of Walker,
denouncing his cruelty and disparaging
his abilities as commander. Their condi.
ton when landed at n. York was pitiable
to behold.
Priyation and suffering, long endured, were
marked on their cOuntenances their unhealthy,
spirtless look their coarse, ill-worn, scanty
clothing their unwashed, unshaven faces, pro-
duced in the sensitive beholder a train Of feelings
and reflections which no language can adequate
ly describe. Many of them were barefoot 9TH
ers limped along, with rags tied around their
feet to cover bruises or sores others wore tho
remnants Of shoes, held together by means Of
pieces Of strings or Irvine.
Some two OF three were distinguished by wear
ing black hats, dirty and dinged. A few looked
like sailors picked up from some wreck, or taken
from barren coast on which they had been cast
away. Their rig was probably, the gift of some
benevolent 'tars,' whose wardrobes were not toe
well stocked. yet they made a respectable appear.
ance compared with some of their comrades. One
poor fellow, who sat eating crust OF bread, had
lost the use of one of his hands by a wound. lie
was of large, muscular frame, but his strength
seemed to have been spent, and his spirit com
pletely broken. There were youths among them
grown prematurely old Their cheeks were Of al
ashy hue their eyes lstreess and unexprcs $.
i've, The gaiety and elasticity of youth wert
gone. Hunger and hardship had done their work.
They narrated their adventures and suf-
fprinua IN hy-stnpfnrg I'd
were taken up to aid them.
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

The Lucky LEGAL FEE.-A gentleman in
Cincinnati, states. that Nicholas Longworth.
who was in his native State a shoemaker.
practised law on his removal to that city
during the years between 1904 and 1920.
lie once received as a legal fee for defending
horse thief, two second hand copper stills.
The gentleman who had them in possession
refused to give them up, but proposed to
Mr.. Longworth to give him lot of thirty
three acres on Western Row, so called, in
lieu of them-a proposal which the latter
whose sanguine opinions Of the value of
such property were ahead of his time, gladly
accepted, This transaction formed the
basis of an immense fortune, the naked
ground being now worth over two millions
of dollars.
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28
THE FREE PRESS FRIDAY MORNING. AUGUST % 1857

George F. Edmunds;
Levi Underwood
Torrey f. Wales;
Lyman Cumming,
Frederick G.. Hill,
John X. Gray,
Warren Root;
Leverctt b. Englesby,
which report was on motion accepted and
adopted.
On motion of William Weston the Chair
nominated the following persons as Com
mittce of Vigilance to act in connection
with the Town Committee at the approach
ing election.
Daniel Roberts,
Thomas IL. Garfield.
William Weston,
Samuel Huntington,
llinmam Catlin;
Edward j. Fay;
John K Gray.
On motion the meeting then adjourned
Attest
WV. G.. SHAW,
Secretary.
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

Dupont powder Mills, at Wilmington
Pa, exploded on the 22d. killing Alexis l..
Dupont and three others, and severely in
juring others. We wonder how many times
those mills have been destroyed since they
were established. Many times we are sure.
In the present case it is said that the men
were removing heavy box, long used to
store powder in, which came in contact
with wall, and struck fire. The first ex E
plosion burned the men severely. A second
one blew the building to atoms, killing the
men as above stated. Some escaped I'M
hurt.
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

MosQuiros VERSUS SmmTrAIlsu,-The
New Orleans ljcoodio says that cessation
Of activity in Spiritual circles in that
city having become very apparent, the fact
was mentioned to Spiritualist as evidence
that Spiritualism was on the decline in the
Crescent City, Gravely and innocently he
asserted the contrary the work was stIll
going on. But, said he, this is bad
time Of the year for this country the mos
quitos break up the circles. The mediums
are flesh and blood and when one sits
down with his hands ON the table, or tries
to withdraw his mind from the exterior
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

VERMONT HORSES AGAiS.-We learn from
undoubted authority, that Mr. Neering, of
'r"eII' while in town on Saturday last,
Soiu Ills BLACK HAWK COLT, ADDISON, six
years Old to Messrs. Pcirce and Penn, Of
belville, Illinois for FIVE THOUSAND DOLLARS.
ms horse is of "a beautiful black color
large In size of fine form and graceful action
though he is not one of the fastest of the
BLACK Hawks, still ho trots three minute
gait with ease, full fast enough, we think
for ordinary purposes. The high prices
that have been paid for our best breeds Of
horses within the past few years, should
stimulate all our breeders to breed from the
very best OF our stock, as it costs no more
to raise good coli than it does to raise a
poor one.
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

MAD. LOLA MoNTEz' S lecture Tuesday, was
listened to with attention and qualification
by an intelligent audience. There was no
profound philosophizing in it probably
no one expected there would be; but it was
well written and well delivered, with many
neat turns of thought in it, which graft
fed the hearers. We pres ume that many of
the facts stated in 1T were new to large
portion of the hearers.
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

EDWARD STANLY's Position The Repub-
lican candidate of Governor of California.
has written lettor defining his position.
lie says
" W hen IN Congress, as well as in the
Legislature OF my well beloved native State.
my opinions were not concealed from NV
constituents. Though IN common with all
Southern men, | condemned the attempts of
abolitlonists TO interfere with the rights of
the southern States, | never hesItated to
say ID pupIlc speeches, as IN private, that
slavery was an evil | never was guilty of
denying what seven Presidents beginning
with the Father Of his cou Ltry and coming
down to the time Of Polk-had admitted
that Congress had the power to prohibit the
extension of slavery to free territory By
these declarations opposition was stimulat-
ed, and sometimes unmeasured denuuci,ti,n
followed, But upon appealing to Caesar
from the politicians, to patriotic Wings and
Democrats, TO the people, | WAS triumph.
antly sustained. When | advocated the
right of the people of California to enter the
Union as u free State, was threatened
with the loss Of the confidence of nv CON
sutuents f., but against furious opposition |
was sustained. California has sui
Tered by adherence to party discipline The
question has not been, what is best for her
honor and welfare but who shall take
this Office, or who will buy that The
Moloch Of party has greatly oppressed her
people, and almos; destroyed her prospert.
She Will never attain that rank among her
sister States to which she is entitled, until
her people, forgetting what is past, shall
unite IN the common purpose OF emancipl-
ting her from the slavery of mind from
the despotism of party spirit We are in
new and commanding position before tine
world We have State unlike any other
in our Uniun-her laws not settled, her
finances diSordercd, her credit impaired,
deialcations common and numerous; with
population OF citizens, by birth or choice.
strangers to each other, and too
much engrossed by their own affairs to pay
much attention to public interests. Our
State demands duties of higher character
than We owe to party
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28
Military Jubilee at Lowell.

The Montpelier Freeman says:
The Green Mountain Rangers of Lowell
Vt, arifle company of seventy muskets,
newly uniformed, are to have Military
Jubilee at Lowell, on Satur lay, the 29th
OF August. The Company have invited R.
l.. Perkins, Esq. of Stowe. to deliver A
Temperance Lecture ON the OCCASION
Mr.. Perkins is one of the State Temper-
ance Societys lecturers, we believe. A Mill
tary Jubilee conducted on Temperance
principles would have sounded oddly thirty
years ago. Honor to the example set by
the Green Mountain Rangers
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

STATE RADICAL AbolItionist Conven
ton was held in Montpelier on the 18th
inst. According to an account of the pro-
ceedings signed by Lyman Prindle, Presi
DENT and Guy Sampson Secretary, which
We find in the Freeman, the convention a.
dopted about column of resolutions too
long for us to publish at present, referred
the nomination of State officers to State
Allen Of Tunbridse and Burke of Berlin
and adjourned, according to the official re-
cord lin excellent spirits
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

RAIL ROAD ACcIDENT.-As the Vermont
Central cattle train, on the Lowell Railroad
was passing near Bllerica on Tuesday, hist,
cars from the track and smashing them up
badly, One man narrowly escaped death L.,
the car in which he was being completely
demolished, Some Of the cattle were in
jured, none killed
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

SPANISH CoIN.-The Middlebury Registe
says that all the principal business men of
that village have determined hereafter to
take Spanish quarters at 20 cents only, and
smaller coins in like proportion. This is
rendered necessary from the fact that small
spectators buy them in other villages,
(where for long time they have been
current at only 20 cents and bring them
there to sell at good profit. The conse-
quence is that there is u surplus Of incur
rent money.
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28


The General Land Office decided against
the Trc-cmption claim OF a colorrd man to
300 acres oi Ian ! in Wisconsin, taking the
ground Of the supreme Court IN the bred
Scott case, that Tree neSrOe of American
race whose ancestors were brought To this
country aud sold as slaves is not "A citizen
within the meaning of the constitution of
the United States
THIS decision OF the land flee appl es to
all the Other slmllar cases nov pending,
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

Mas, CUNNINGHAM NOT Mas, BuRpELL.-
The Surrogate, A. W. Bradford, ESQ, de-
cided on the 9th inst. that Mrs Cunning
ham was never married to Dr.. Burdell-
consequently had no claim ON his property.
The grounds Of his decision cover several
columns in fine print. The points are as fol-
lows:
|. The marriage was clandestine-and
there is no presumption in favor of secret
marriage, neither preceded nor followed by
cohabitation.
? The clergyman selected was unknown
to the parties.
3. The place appointed was distant from
the decedent's residence.
l. The only witness chosen to be present
was one of the daughters of the claim
ant.
j. The witness is contradcted by her
own statements made under oath at differ
ent times, and by other evidence.
=. The certificate of marriage affords no
evidence Of Identification,
:. The cert ticate is incorrect as to the
name of the decedent, and evinces Icno-
rance or error US to the place OF his natiy-
ity.
$ There were suspicious circumstances
attending the transaction,
- Inc marriage was not conhded by the
claimant 10 any member oil the family save
one ~,
~. lnere was no private or public act or
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS no conaoi'aloH' out the
ai'eseu parties li'eu as single persons.
H. On the part of the claimant there
were confidential relations with another
person in respect to whom the deccdent
cnarsT r improper intimacy,
snits ALLEGED IN bavs Iad =" ,hn -. tne
are in writing, and exclude the assertion of
other terms.
10 ING marriage look pace alter the set
ont anu e'''''u
II. The claimant executed written iustru-
ments to the decedent in her own name,
a'tei 'he II rug, pug assigned a Iuds-
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

Resolved, That tho selection of Text Books
ought to be a signed to a State commissioner, to
be appointed by the Board of Education, whose
decision, when approved by the Board, shall have
authority in all schools supported wholly or in
part by the State
Rssoiu,d, That this Association recommend
that the Town Superintendent, in their several
County Conventions, agree upon aud publish
definite requirements which they will make of
the teachers of their common schools.
Resoiued, That we recommend to the attention of
the friends of Education in our State, the system
of Graded Schools, as presenting an important
and economical plan Of improvement in the
instruction of our children and youth.
RcSoircd, That we earnestly recommend to all
the teachers of our state, that while they labor
assiduOusly to promote the intellectual culture of
those under their instruction, they by no means
neglect the still more important culture of the
moral feelings.
ReSoircd, That we most earnestly recomm end to
all our teachers the daily reading of the Bible at
the opening or close of each days session.
Revoiucd, That vocal music may be made very
effective instrument Of moral training and good
government and we earnestly request the
teachers of this State secure its introduction
into their respective schools.
Rcsoived, That the Treasurer be required to
present, at the opening of each Annual meeting,
| an audited report of all the money which may
have passed through his hands; and the executive
| committee, report of its operations during the
| year.
He'o'rcf, That in the future meetings of this
NSsoG'.uoh' tne nfst evening be devoted to n
nor,anoi ," .on e"o pu'I!So VI pIounotlng
anonr the teachers md friends If odncotion
| present
Rooived, That this Association is greatly en-
couraged in the prosecution of its aims, by the
Increased attendance ana spirit witnessed at the
Sc IosSion anu 'nut' 10 secure the Perpetu'-
rmciancv Of tbis ""u ~" ;di,iJ,,
nIedgc, as far as nosS;hIo n,r r,,nrn r,",a"oc
and our personal effort to secure the attendance Of
| yet other friends of education.
R@oirsd, That the several Colleges, Academies,
| high ana graded schools IN the state, be invited
$500 VVPy VI ,neir annual caIa,ogues 70 inc
oueeted To nrcnaro for Tho neyt ,noetn, oF iii,
body, a table exhibiting the numberof scholars
connected with these schools, and such other sta
tis'ics as may have bearing on the general sub
| Ject oil education.
panors IN vo ,n' uosners oi .ne several eve a.
publish the nrocncjines IF anr nrcsont uoctin,
and that the Secretary be directed to furnish, for
this purpose, a condensed report of the same
| Resoiref, That the cordial thanks of this Asso-
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28

\ SHOCKING SUICIDE was commit ted on the
18th inst. on the Germantown Railroad
near Philadelphia. A young woman-sub-
sequently asccrtained to be Il Miss Ann
Grace Miller of Germantown, about 10
years ld,-was observed walking upon the
rail road track towards the city, II short
distance before an approaching train,
The engineer blew his whistle, but the
girl kept ON her way, merely turning round
and looking at the approaching engine -
When too late to stop the train, and when
the engine was within short distance Of
her, she covered her eyes with her hands
and threw herself across the rail, The train
of course, passed over her body, tearing
every shred of clothing from 1t and sever
ing the trunk almost in two.
Burlington free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1827-1865, 1857-08-28
GETTING MORE THAN he WANTED. The
Syracuse journal relates the following:


Syracuse journal relates the following:
An important suit was tried not long
since at Homer, in which Hon. d. s. Dick
insOn was counsel for the defendant, A
witness was on the stand, for the plaintiff.
and in his testimony it appeared that he
(the witness) had rode i'll company with
the constable in u buggy, from Homer to
CORTLAND. On the cross examination, the
honorable and learned counsel for the de.
fence asked the witness what was said nv
him while riding to CORTLAND about the
suit or any thing connected with it. The
witness manifested disposition not to
"tell tales out of school, and evaded ans
wering The honorable counsel insisted on
the witness answering; but still no satisfac-
tory answer was given. There seemed to
be quite an unwillingncss to give the exact
conversation. The witness said that moth
ing OF Importance was said about the mat
ter, and what was said was entirely ire
valent to the case, and it would do no good
to repeat it here in court. This only excl
ted the learned counsel, and he now de-
manded OF the court that the witness should
tell the exact conversation between him
and the constable.
The witness replied that seeing he was
obliged to tell 1t, he would make Il 'clean
breast of it. That's right" responded
the defendants counsel, let us have it. -
We said nothing about the merits of the
case, but did say to the constable, that
daniel 5. Dickinson was the meanest man
to question a witness | ever knew-that he
was regular old fogy' ana could never be
President Of the United States" There
was general burst of laughter ut this mo-
ment, and the learned counsel and ex-Sena-
tor turned pale, and looked for II spittoon.
We opine that the counsel did not care a.
bout bothering the witness any furt her up
on that topic.