The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1857-04-17
MARCUS WATSON, Pris.er.
FTsp tAs Nsx Ysrk Tribsns.


OF farmers to some radical defects in their
system Of cultivation. We endeayored to
convince them that agriculture Is most pros.
porous when the animal product ofthe farm
is equal ~ or exceeds the vegetable in value.
The reason therefor Is the necessity Of pro-
ylding, by means OF domestic animals, the
manure to ameliorate or fertlliz, the soil
upon the farm. We now propose to go more
into detail on the subject Us connected with
the climate, 50 tat farmers in different To-
calities may the better give their attention
to such points are seyerally most profitable
The subject Of climate is oil great impOr-
tanee to farmers, and its phenomena have
been bat very imperiectly understood, though
creating marked peculiarities which require
different modes Of cultivation to make their
labor profitable. Although the climatology
of the United States is inadequately appre-
bcndcd, and the importance Of a more thor
ough examination only now beginning to
be felt, yet we are not without the knOwl.
edge Of some valuable and well authentica.
ted facts. These have been gathered most
ly by the exertions Of the Regents OF the
University in this State, and latcrly through
officers Of the United States army stationed
at various posts on our western and north
ern frontiers, and from the explorations Of
western travellers. by these various means,
we are enabled to establish two important
facts. First: That the prevailing wind Of
the continent is westerly, and blows over q
large surface Of dry land; Second: That
as we recede from the sea, westerly and in
land, the annual CIll Of water in rain and
snow sensibly diminishcs, being much larger
IN New England and the eastern parts Of tins
State, than in tho western, and that dry
season must be the rule whereby to judge Of
the vast country lying east Of the Rocky
Mountain range alnos. to the shores OF the
Atlantic Ocean.
From these data, we are compelled to di.
vide all the country east OF those mountains
intg two sections--ths dairy, and the feeding
and siOek rcyio.s. To trvo jsisy rSsiOn
comprisss the New-England States, New
York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and the
basin Of the lakes, which would include in
its southern rim all that part Of Ohio. lndi-
ana and Illinois, lying north Of the 4lst
parallel of north latitude. Over the whole
OF this rc,ion, the dairy system already pre-
walls or is being rapidly introduced, and
must ultimately become the leading branch
OF farming. IL is upon this region, the
bcst portion of which is east Of the west
line Of Pennsylvania, that tho consumers OF
butter and cheese must rely for their supply
during the next century ut tho least. Its
topography peculiarly adapts it to the pur-
poses for which nature seems to have des-
tined it. Its hilly and mountainous char,c-
ter secures healthy atmosphere, pure Wa.
ter. and abundant pasturase during that
portion OF the year when tho level country
is scOrched by tho heat and dried up by the
west wind. Pure water, next to good pas-
ture, is an important element for good but
ter. Without pure, sweet water, the milk
will not be pure, and without purc milk
good butter clLnot be made. Good butter
cannot be made from the COW that is COM
PEELED to drink stagnant or unwholesome
water. Even in the dairy region, it will be
found that, all other things b,ins equal, the
beet butter comes from tho hills rather than
the valleys. In the manufacture Of cheese,
the condition Of the milk is not 80 impor-
tant, and the range for the cheese-d dairy may
DO considerably extended beyond that Of
butter, though its profitable production will
still bo found only within the "Julisr zone. -
For, out Of that, u sufficient how Of milk
doe. not seem to be obtainable to mako il:
manufacture an object. aside from the great.
er and longer prevailing heat OF the eli
mate.
This favored region will ever contain a
population which, for refinement, intelli-
gence, and enterprise, viii have no superior
and few equals. Wealth will be accumula'
ted by the hcalthiul industry peculiar to the
country and tho people, and expended In
adjoining their houses and in furnishing the
utmost facilities FOR the cultivation of the
mind in well endowed and sustained educa
tional institutions. Other regions can boas
of n greater surface Of fertile soil and NOR
favored climate, but, for containing au th'
REQUISITES to health, wealth, and social en-
ioylnents, no land can compare with tho
more cougenial portions of this dairy re
Uion. Many New-Ensland or New-for'
emirrant has often, amid his fat and fertile
fields, sighed for the cool breere and Pur'
streams Of his native land.
The dairy farmer thgrc has nothing to icai
from competition. and he may count upon
pcrmanence of price for his products un
known 10 any other branch Of farming
There is but ono item wherein competition
can .a,c, him, and that IS In swine. Still
,ha, i, m,rc apparel. than real. IL is 'ra,
,o n certain extent that corn can be raised
cheaper in other regions than this. But
from the p,s to the porkrr. when properly
fed, the da,rvman can equal If not distance
his competitor.
Grain growing is no. profitable in this re
gioa, other than as accessory To the dairy
nor will IL bs s,nerally found profitable sc
fed either sh,sp or cattle for the shamblc'
for tn, Summer fesd which would hitsr
either would yield much larger profit