Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1857-10-17

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government, and as power to bring those ex-
penditures within the rules of what he
thought to be strictly right and correct, was
this-a revision of the revenue laws of the
| country. From the year 1916, when the tariff
of that year was established, when its opera
ton was very clearly foreseen, and depicted
by many distinguished men in our midst un-
| til the day when Mr.. Guthrie entered upon
the administration of the Treasury depart
ment, there has been no policy suggested to
this country, which united the different inter
ests, which reconciled the conflicting elements
of different parties, which drew to its support
the leading men of different sections, repre-
sented the different industrial pursuits of this
country.
The measure that he proposed had this be-
nehcent result 1t was that the eight sched-
ules of the tariff of 1916 should be reduced
to two, that one schedule should pay duty
| OF twenty-five per cent, and that the other
should embrace list of frae articles, raw ma
terlals imported into this country, to be used
IN manufacture, and which were necessary to
the industrial prosperity of the land. 1t was
received with great favor in every part of the
country. In the Congress of the United
states 1t mad the immediate and warm sup
port of the New England manufacturers,
aided and represented by Mr.. Appleton of
!
support of the Democratic party, connected
with the iron interest of that great section of
the country. In the South it was represented
by Mr.. Guthrie, himself head of the Treasury
department, The President of the United
States gave it his approval; it as presented
to the country as an administration measure,
upon which the administration was to place
itself, and which would have maintained the
prosperity it had then acquired, and freed the
people and the country from the impending
ills which were then clearly predicted by all
men.
need acarcely speak at length upon the
measures Of this great topic. The expendi.
lures of the Government have from its COM
mencement been collected chiefly by duties on
imports. The duties on imports have been
levied upon the principle of revenue for the
maintenance of the Government, and the in
cidental protection of the industrial interests
OF the people. From the time of General
Washington until this day and hour, there
has never been a government, nor policy,
nor measure, of this character, that did not
stand on these tao1 eLementS-the levying of
duties on imports, for revenue and the Incl.
dental protection of the industrial interests of
the country. Applause.
You rerd the letters of Mr.. Calhoun in
1874, when his name was presented to the
people of the Northern States as that of the
candidate for the Presidency and you find
there, in the cearest and plainest language
that he could have used, an explicit recogni-
ton and declaration of these two principles to
which have referred. The tariff of 1916 was
itself based upon, and itself did recognize
these two elements. But in the heavy and
onerous charges placed upon imports of raw
material the tariff of 1916 crippled the indi-
mir sr,Fo oo1&
them to a charge amounting to millions, every
year, which the manufacturers of no other
part of the world were called upon to pay,
and which disenabled them from meeting, on
equal terms, the manufacturers of England,
France, or any other part of the globe. In
this respect, if in no other, the tariff of 1916
| did not well meet and answer the interests of
the people of this country.
No men understood this better than the
leaders of the Democratic party, for, as l have
remarked, their first measure, in 1858, was
the remedy proposed for this diticulty-the
modification of the tariff Of 1916.
Now let me say, that in the duties levied
on the raw materials used in our mauufac-
lures, ranging from 20 to 80 per centum,
which the manufacturers OF this country have
been obliged to pay Il mean the little and the
/ large manufacturers, of cotton and wool, of
wood and leather-of every character, and in
every section of the country, one year after
another, say, in the duties thus eYied, the
sum of eight millions of dollars has gnnually
been paid into the Treasury of the United
States, for no benefit and no advantage to the
people, and no benefit and no advantage to
the Government, or to the revenue collected
for the use of the Government. Neither
England nor France nor any other full
manufacturing people, or State, had adopted
this policy.
In 1876 Sir Robert Peel gave to the Eng
lish manufacturers, and for the English me-
chanical and industrial portions Of the PEG.
| pie, free list of more than six hundred art-
Giles, at cost to the English Exchequer of
two or three millions pounds per annum,
amounting to ten or fifteen millions in our
currency. Mr.. Guthrie proposed, in 1858, to
give to the manufacturers of this country a
free list of not six hundred articles but two
hundred and ten articles, which would have
relieved them of charge, as he himself sta
ted, amounting to seven or eight millions of
dollars and if that bill had gone into effect
IN 1850, as he proposed, now, in 1857, there
would have been relief to the manufactu-
rers Of this country, amounting to SIG, O00,-
900, which they have paid into the treasury,
and the treasury would have been depleted of
that untoward accumulation of specie, which
has embarrassed every part of the country,
and the manufacturing interests of this coun-
try would not have been crippled as they are
at this day, and they would have successfully
withstood the struggle which has now result
ed in their defeat-from which, trust, they
are soon to rise again.
The message itself was objected to. And
from what part of the country did the obiec
ton come | have already said that the
measure was proposed by Southern secreta-
tary that it was avowed, maintained, and
advocated in his message by the President of
the United States that it united the manu-
faeturers of the East to the great industrial
interests of the Middle States and drew to.
gether men Of different parties, and answered
the wants of different sections of the country,
| North, South, East, and West. Upon what
ground and from whence came the oppositions
1t came from the Southern part OF the coun-
try, and from Southern statesmen, upon the
ground that it was protective measure, de-
signed to secure the advantage and prosperity
of the manufacturing interests Of the coun-
try, which were chiefly in the North; and
that it was antagonistic to the principles and
the doctrines of the tariff bill of l846-that, in
word, instead of following out the free trade
policy of that year, it was a revival of the old
1 system of protection, which they alleged had
been repudated by the country and the peo-
pie.
Now we have an example of what tree
trade is in the government of England the
government which approaches nearer the
principles of free trade than any other. Yet
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