New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-06-01

md court into which these garbage carts pass and
there receive the deposits from Ae various tenant
and tbey are never carried into the streets a. all.
G,oa i cleared in very much the same way as Turn.
In Ali the cities 10 which have directed your alien
t;on Il is very rare 10 meet with any annoyance IN the
shane Of impure or drty streets except England the
s;rnentsi cities are unusually clean in that respect
q You have had an opportunity Of witnessing the
Tor or rather want Of system IN New York need
hardly ask you how 1t compares with the places just
described!
II compares very badly. The United States is
very much ike England: very practical nation, and
has devoted but little attention 10 sanitary matters.
Fncland as before said, was aroused to this sub
led by the sweeping mortality Of the poorer
Iclssses Ii is very probable that the United
States will not be aroused until they shall have found
that their mortality is likewise very great Some few
wears ago became necessary Tor me to make inquiry
Into the mode in which streets were cleaned IN the
United States. In none did find any very ehectual
mode. In Baltimore, streets were cleaned once
each week and are usually in very admirable con-
don from the fact that nature furnishes us with an
e1ccl,I. sceYenger. II is built upon hill and dale,
md a. Ia every other place in a warm climate 1t Is
visited especially in the Summer time, by frequent
showers oi rsin which thoroughly wash the streets,
carving oH an immense quantity OF refuse. ln no
city either at home abroad, have found such per-
feet and absolute neglect as IN the CITY OF New York
"a TO expense each of the large cities OF Europe Is
surrounded by country IN very mgh state
Of cultivation; manure, therefore, probably brings
n ouch higher price there than here. New
York has a country which, although not particu-
larry fertile, is necessarily attracting the atten-
tion Of Cul,iyatOrs, and especially OF smau cah-
ystors | make no doubt that very high street ma
nure would increase 1t IN value; what proportion o.
the expense could be betrayed in that way, of
course am not able 10 say, but / apprehend that,
tie value of this species of manure comes to be
cOcnized, and as the demand for market stuhs III the
city 60 be increased these means OF furnishing
a Tevenue for the purpose OF deirayng the expense
will year by year increase; II is possible that II u
msiey may go very far toward paying the expense of
street cleaning; at present and for years TO come,
think il would form but a small proportion. With re-
gard to London may say that the street swecpings
are placed in piles permitted to dry, and often packed
in hogsheads and carried for ballast to such places
the East Indies and the West India Islands In Glas-
gov and Edinburgh great attention has been paid to
he refuse Of cities u that respect. have one case
in my mind now of q gentleman owning large estate
In the vicinity of Glasgow, who expended SlOo IN
fitting up an establishment by which he could use
sewey ater lie found this to be immensely prota-
bie having him some twenty per cent upon ms outlay
This depends upon high state OF cutyatoni cult
vaton WILL apnehend, become more careful mere IN
years to come
o You said that this was intimately connected
with the public heath-can you give the Committee
any facts upon this point
A One of the very best evidences Is probably to be
found in the City of New York. 1t Is c0nicssedy III
yery wietched state, so far as streecleanng Is con-
ce,ned In looking over the bills oil mortality LOT
number of years find that in 1910 tn: number OF
deaths which annually occurred TO the inhabitants IN
Eew.York was in iO in 1915 It was III II IN lo%V,
it was in 81 in 1922 it was IN 81 IN io1V, was
I 20. in 1885 in Az in 1910, in 80; IN 1919, IN
81: in 1850 in 3d. and ii you assume the population
in 1855 TO be $50 Co., which is large estimate there
,yil have been death in every 81 inhabitants.
Now from the year 1917 to the year 1892 nOtwlih-
standing all the elements OF progression ana superior
bealbomess New-YOrk has steadily decllned IN
health the rate of mortality has constantly been In,
creasibg In other cities, II Is found that IN exact
roportlon as attention Is paid 10 puOhc heaui,
mortality dminishes 1t is al evil 10 live Ill large
towns; those who do reside there pay the penalty oi
abridged duration of life, and these eVls are largely
increased by the impure condition OF me cly' 1Hee
are many reasons why New-YOIk should be heaithy
city N lies upon IA noble bay with fine outlet To
the ocean, it skirted upon either side by majestic
ryer; il possesses fine substratum Tor dralhage-ihe
Vneiss rock with gentle inclination 10 'he r'eI, anu
ibere l. scarcely court or alley narrow or confined
that il IL not swept by fine breeze from the sea- IN
addition 10 this recently has been introduced the Gro
ION wafer an immense river poured into the streets
and into The very houses thar far air and water
oe,-t,yo very important elements IN the preservation
Of h-nonc OF the cities 10 winch nave ai'uGeu 0s'i
apy comparison with the City oi Ne"-1OlK' lei
notwithstanding these natural advantages, we ha'e
fund cav by day that the rate OF mortality IN heathy
seasons AS well unhealthy mas been constantly
upon the increase There can be but one reply 10 the
reason why this state of things exists. In the cty
there is almost an entire absence ct those nuhclpa
regulations in relation to health which IN Oher ciu7S
paIcuary European cities, found 10 be necessary
m order to maintain the public health and preserve II
hOH sweeping pestience lhis Is turner eXeL plAeu
In lS45 the number of persons who died under ten
wears If age was A per cent vi the whole number OF
Deaths in 1850 il 10 per cent III 1919 IL was %
per cent So that with the incre 4se OF noraily mas
been this large increase in ntGnte mortality. nave
uot the means of determining the precise localities III
which mortality makes Its heaviest demands III thl5
cip; bat have no doubt that 1t follows the same
laws here elsewhere, and IS TO De iould IN tnose
parts where persons crowded toSeler i'll INC ldSes'
numbers where filth a0ounds' 800
In the CITY of Boston, from report made IN 1913
il appt ais that Ones section OF me Guy Deacon
Hill, the number of deaths was one IN every - vi
the Inhabitants; in another one Back Bayb IL was
one in 50 and in another Broad Cove and Sea streets
WAS one in every IL. The last OF these districts
contained population OF ISIS, OF whom only %
were Americans. From all these circumstances,
cnch.de that il is practicable very largely to
reduce This mortality in the CITY ol New ferk
The dust | think has tendency 70 produce bron-
cha affections There are always large hutoga ~
bs community who are predisposed to an irritation oil
the lungs The miasma from garbage Is an absolute
promoter of such diseases as dysentery cholera lha
ium typhoid OF typhus fever and scarlet teNeT am
disposed TO believe that it is better To have the streets
in such a condition that the water may not prOuuce
any INJURIOUS tendency 1t is very much better TO nave
The streets clean in the first instance, ana then makes
no kind of difference whether the water DC rcsh VI
sat. The only objection To- watering IL, tat II iW-
nsheS the clements Of decomposition. Decomposition
requires heat presence of air and noiStue-the IaStl
supplied by water. Ii the elements OF decomposition
not there as matter of course water Will produce
no Injurious effect. Ii they are there, miasma must
be the necessary result and whether you have fresh or
sat water, such a result viii be sure 10 iolloW'
Mr.. OrrARsoS-Does a condition Of flthiness not
tend to increase pauperism and crime among The uneu
heated aud Incorporate
DR.. WrSSE-Nery largely. The greater the eleva-
hon Of character among iaboTng classes the more
stimulus to become respectable. Ii "a house Is KEEP. III
aPoper condition, the female members OF the family,
taking pride in the house, themselves become re-
spectacle. The husband visits the house with more
pleasure. The whole tone and character of the labor
my nnnn AInn is al.Nnfel i'm TINT WV. But II YOU