The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-12-27

Congress application OF The people OF the Territory
will be with much interest at this particular tsAs
II contains will be SEEN much valuable information in
regard to the nature and resources Of country for which
we paid ten millions OF dollars, but more especially DO
the President in his message particularly calls the
attention Of Congress 10 Arizona, recommending the
organization of Territorial government ana for the
structon OF a railroad to connect California with the
Atlantic States through it.
Lieutenant howry will present this memoir Congress
at tho earliest day possible and expects to be admitted
the deegue Of Arizona agreeable 70 the election OF The
people who have sent him
The Territory OF Arizona, better known a. the
Gadsden purchase lies between the thirty first and thirty
third parallels OF Latitude and ia bounded on the north ~
the ella rivor which separates it from the Territory
New Mexico; the east by the Rio Bravo dol Norte
(Rio Grande,) which separates from Texas; the
south by Chihuahua and Sonora, Mexican provinces;
and the by the Colorado River OF the West which
separates from Upper and Lower California This great
region six hundred miles long BY about ty miles wide.
aud embraces Of about thirty thousand square
miles. 1t acquired by purchase from Moxco during
the mission of General Gadsde at cost Of ten millions Or
dollars In the original treaty as negotiated by General
Gadsden southern boundary than the adopted
by the Senate of the United States in confirming the
treaty, was conceded by Santa Anna
The proposed boundaries OF the Territory Of Arizona
tho thirty fourth parallel of attude with New Mexico
the north from the 1880 meridian TO the Colorado
Texas the cast Texas and the Mexican provinces a
New Mexico and Sonora the south, and California
the west The Territory would thus contain within
its borders tho three largest rivers the
of the Mssissipp-the Rio Grande, Ga and Colorado Of
the West, and embrace 90, 900 square miles.
The Gadsden purchase attached by act Of Congress 70
Territory of New Mexico. At the time of its scau
ton there was scarcely any population except few soat
ering Mexcans in the Mesa valley and at the old town
Of Tucson in the centre of the territory The Apache
dian superior strength the Mexican had gradually
exrpated every trace OF civilization, and roamed unin
errupted and unmeested sole possessor OF what
once q thriving and popuous Spanish province.
The missions and settlements established by the Jesuts
and Spanarda repeatedly destroyed by the Apsches
and the priests and settlers massacred driven of Az
often were they reestablished The Indians at length
thoroughly aroused by the cruetes of the Spanards
whom they deprived OF their liberty forced labor
the silver mines with inadequate food and barbarousy
treated finally rose, joined with tribes who had
been subdued, and gradually drove out massacred
their oppressors.
Every exploration within the past few years has
rmed the statements Of the ancient records in regard
the mineral wealth OF the Territory The testimony Of
living Mexcans and the tradition OF the country all tend
TO the end Col A. B. Gray, Col Emory, Lieutenant
Mchlcr Lieutenant Parke the Hon. John Bartlett late
of the United States Boundary Commission all agree in
the statement that the Territory has immense resources
in silver and copper Col Emory says in his report
On gold California kept search
possible scarcely aowins 70 be mater of conversation
much less search Yet enough
that the whole region teeming with the
cious metals. We everywhere saw the remains of mining
| BY the Mexicans.
The agricultural of Arizona are sufficient 10
| sustain large mining population, and afford abundant
supplies for the great immigration which will follow The
developement OF it, mineral The whole valley
Of the Gila than four hundred miles length can
The Pm5s Indan who i've villages on ,Se sV ops
hundred and seventy miles from It's mouth raise large
Of cotton wheat and corn, and have for years sup
Piled the thousands Of egrants who traverse the Terri
tory route to California. town will probably grow
up Just above the Pimos villages, as there rich back
country, and the streams afford valuable water power
for running mills
The valley OF the Santa Cruz traverses the Territory
from south to north sinking the town OF Tucson and
probably finding its TO the Gila q subcrranean
stream This valley OF the richest land about hun
dred miles long, in many places OF great width and has
on each side of many rich valleys OF limited extent
watered by streams from the mountains which fow
the santa Cruz The valleys and ranches Of Arvaca So
hickly settled These produce all the fruits known 10
southern clmegrapes wheat corn and cotton in great
great richness, and reported by Lieut. Parke capa-
bic OF sustaining large population The Vale de Saux
still farther east, more limited than the san Pedro
Santa Cruz can be made available for . considerable
population. The Mmbres river also by small out
lay be made to irrgate large surface and supply
defate settlement. The various springs laid down by
Gray, Emory Psrke and Bartlett will all afford water for
small settlements and their supply can be much increased
very ,pa IN pe o. ss MO T rsnSs VALLEY
ley already contains population OF about i've Thousand
! souls, and there is ample room for many more.
The greater portion Of the lands the Santa Cruz ard
san fedro are covered by Mexican ttles-and many OF
these again by squat,er claims. II absolutely
ssry that Congress should by wise and speedy eg
ation settle upon some definite basis the land titles OF
Arizona Until thA = done disorder aud anarchy will
reign supreme over the country
The yield Of the silver mines OF Mexico as computed bv
Ward and Humboldt from the actual official returns 10 the
government from the conquest TO 1903 amounts TO the
enormous sum OF " OF ooo or more than two bilious
| of dollars
No protection, either civil or military is extended over
the greater portion Of Arizona This checks the devcopc
ment OF all her rcsourccsBot only TO her swn injury
but that Of California and the Atlantic Statesby with
holding market for their productions and the bullion
which she fully able 10 supply 10 extent correspond.
ing TO the labor employed In obtaining IT,
The population Of the Territory OF Arizona s ut
creasing The MesIa Valley and the RIO Grande are pro
baby the most thicky populated containing about five
thousand people MAORI y OF the Meslla Inhabitants
can residents whose number and influence constantly
on the increase. The santa Cruz Valley, which arc
situated the towns Of Tucson Tubac Tuacacar aud tho
mining settlement Of Sopori and others IS next 70 Mcsla
the most thcky settled. Tucson formerly town Of
three thousand Inhabitants but The majority have been
driven OF by the Apache Indians. II fast becoming
thriving American town, and will before long be place
Of more importance than ever before Real estate Is
already held at high rates and the erection OF buildings
shows that American energy about 10 change the or
the last half century Tubac had been completely desert
cd by the Ncxcans h1s been reoccupied by the Sono
"a Exploring and Mining Company and boasts a popu
laton OF several hundred The Caabazas valley n also
last nng up With an American population aud another
year viii the whole centre of the Territory dotted
with settlements. Many OF the fine claims on the
san Pedro river have already been located by emgsnt
under the general pre- empton law but until protection Il
afforded 70 the settlers but little progress will be made
agricultural pursuits The Apache Indian regards the soil
his and having expelled the Spanish and Nexcan
invader, he feels little inclination 10 submit 10 the Amcr
can. small settlement OF Americans growing up
Colorado city opposite Fort Yuma the Junction Of
ella and Colorado rivers This point IA destined 10 be
81 great commercial and pccunary importance Situated
AZ Che present head Of navigaon at the point where the
overland mail route the Colorado and where the
Southern Pacific Railroad must bridge the stream, Va
necessary stopping place for all travel the country
Here arc transhpped all the coming from the Terri
tory which find their way to market down the Colorado
TO the Gulf Of by steamer sailing yes
sci to their destination. Here all supplies Of merchandise
for the Territory landed and from this point forward
ed TO their various owners. thriving commerce has
already sprung up between Arizona San Francisco
IN almost any daily paper IN San Francisco may be seen
vessels advertised for the mouth Of the Colorado Two
steamers find active employment in transporting govern