The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-12-09

IN reference 10 the existing h08Ontle8
Canton, be win cordially operate with the British AMI
French minister's in all peaceful measures TO secure by
treaty stipuauons those just CONCESSIONS 70 commerce
which the nations OF the world have right 70 expect
and which China cannot long be permitted n withhold
From assurances received entertain doubt that the
three ministers will act in harmonious concert 10 obtain
similar commercial treaties for each Of the Powers they
represent
GRaarL GRANADA.
We cannot fail TO feel deep interest in all that
Germs the welfare of the independents republics
continent, az well as Of the empire a Brazil.
Our difcutes with New Granada, which short time
since pore 80 threatening an aspect TO be hoped
in fair train OF settlement in manner Just and honora
BILE 70 both parties.
lsfHMus RourE~
The iethmus Of Central America including that of Pana
s the great highway between the Atlantic and Pacific
over which large portion OF the Of the world
is destined 70 pass. Tho United States deeply
Interested than any other nation in preserving tho free
doM and security OF all the Communications this
sthmus our duty therefore TO take care that they
shall not be interrupted either by nvasons from
country or by wars between the independent States Of
Central America Under treaty with New Granada
Of the l2th December. l846 bound to guaranty
the neutrality of the sthmus Panama. through which
the Panama railroad passes, "as well the rights Of
sovereignty and property which New Granada has and
possesses over the said territory THIS obligation is
founded upon equivalents granted by the treaty to the
government and people of the United States.
Cnder these circumstances recommend 10 Congress
the passage Of an act the President in case Of
necessity, employ the land and naval forces OF the
United States carry into effect this guarantee Of
ly and protection also recommend similar Legislation
for the security OF any other routeacross the thmus
which we may acquire an interest by treaty.
With the independent republics on this continent il is
both duty and interest to cultivate the most
friendly relations We fael Indifferent to their
fate and must always rejoice in their prosperity Unfor
tunaely both for them and for example and ad
vice have lost much Of their influence consequence of
the lawless expeditions which have been fitted against
some Of them within the limits Of country Nothing
better calculated TO reard our steady material progress
impair character naton than tho federation of
such enterprises in violation Of the law Of nations
The HBUsTERING EXPEDITIONS.
TX NJ fha Arnf md dufac cOfau uiudpr
ont State in s relations with the members Of the great
family nations, 70 restrain ts people from acts of hos
tile aggression against their citizens or subjects The
most eminent writer's on public law do not hesitate to de-
such hostile acts AZ robbery and murder.
Weak and feeble States like those Of Central America
may not feel themselves abb to assert and vndcae their
rights The would be far different if expeditions
set foot within territories TO make private
war against powerful nation. If such expeditions were
fitted cut from abroad against any portion Of our
country to burn down cities murder and plunder
people and usuTp our government, we should call any
Power on Garth to the sctest account for not preventing
such enormities.
Ever since the administration Of General Washington
acts Congress have been in force TO punish severely the
crime OF setting on foot military expedition within the
limits Of tho United States TO proceed from thence against
nation or State with whom at peace. The pre-
sent neutrality act Of April TO- lsls but little more than
a collection Of preexisting laws Under this act the Pre-
sden is empowered to employ the land and naval forces
and the militia for the purpose of preventing the carry
ing Of any such expedition enterprise from the ter
rtores aud jurisdiction OF the United Sates and the col
sctors Of customs authorized and required TO detan
any vessel port when there TO believe she is
about to take part in such lawless enterprises.
When IL was first rendered probable that an attempt
would be made 10 get up another unlawful expedition
against Nicaragua the Secretary OF issued nstruc
the marshas and district attorneys, which
directed by the Secretaries OF War and the Navy TO the
appropriate army and navy cccrs requiring them To be
vigant and 10 their best excrtons in carrying into
effect the provisions OF the act OF 1918. Notwithstanding
these precautions, the expedition has escaped from
shores Such enterprises can do no possible good TO the
country but have already inflicted much injury both its
interests and s character They have prevented peaceful
emigration from the United States the States Of Central
America which could not fail to prove highly beneficial
to all the parties concerned In p.cunary point Of view
alone, citizens have sustained heavy losses from the
seizure and closing OF the transit route by the san Juan
The leader OF the recent expedition was arrested Mt
New Orleans hut discharged giving bail for hif
appearance in the insufficient OF two thousand dollars
commend the whole subject 10 the serious attention Of
Congress- believing that duty and interest,
we'll our pstional character require that We should
adopt such measures AZ will be cectua In restraining our
citizens from committing snch outrages.
TREATY WITH NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. TO BE DEMANDED
Iregret inform you that the President Of Paraguay
has refused ray tho treaty between the United states
and State amended by the Senate the signature Of
which was mentioned IN the message Of my predecessor
10 Congress at the opening of its session in December
1861 The assigned for this refusal will appear in
the correspondence herewith submitted.
II being desirable TO ascertain the fitness OF the river Ia
Plata and ils tributaries for navigation by steam the
United steamer Water Witch sent thither for
that purpose in 1853 This enterprise was successfully
carried until February, 1853, when, whilst in the peace
fu prosecution Of her voyage up the Parana river the
steamer fired upon by Paraguayan fort. The nre
returned but the Water Witch Of small force
and not designed for offensive operations she retired from
the conflict The preteN upon which the attack was
made n decree Of the President OF Paraguay OF 0to
eating the rivers Of that State As Paraguay, however
the Of but one bank of the river Of that name
the other belonging 10 Correntes state Of the Argentine
that such a decree would be obcyed cannot be &C.
knowledgod. But the Water Witch was not, properly
speaking, a vessel Of war sho was small steamer en-
tfa
OF commercial states generally. Under these circum.
stances constrained 10 consider the attack upon her
uniustihabe, and calling for satisfaction from the
PsrsguayaD government.
Citizens the United states, also, who established
In busness In Paraguay have had their property seized
and taken from Them aud have otherwise been treated
by the authorities in insulting and arbitrary manner
which requires redress.
demand for these purposes will be made In firm hut
copciatory spirit This will the more probably be grant
cd IL the executive shall have authority 10 other
the event Of n refusal This . accordingly
commended.
II r unnccesa airy state IN detail the alarming cond
ton of the Territory u Kansas at The time of my naugu
ration The opposing parties then stood In hostile array
against each other and any accident might have rcghed
the flames Of civil war Besides, this critical moment
Kansas left without Governor by the resignation Of
Gov. Geary.
On Tho 10Th Of February previous the Territorial Icgs
aturc had passed law providing for the election OF dele
gates third Monday Of June 10 convention 10 meet
on the FIRST Monday of September FOR the purpose OF fran
ing constitution preparatory TO admission into the Union
This law IN the man Iar ana Just an " H 70 Dc re
gretted that all the qualified electors had not registered
themselves and ys,ed under lis provisions.
At the time OF the election for delegates extensive
orsanizaan existed the Territory whose obcc,
was " need be 10 put down the lawful government by
force and TO establish government Of her under
the socaed Topeka constitution The persons attached 70
this revolutionary organization abstaned from taking any
par, In the election.
The act of the Territorial Legislature had omitted n pro
vide for submitting TO the people the constitution which
might be framed by the Conversion and the excited
Of public feeling throughout Kansas apprehension
extensively prevailed that design existed 10 force upon
them constitution in relation 10 slavery against their
will In this emergency became my duty, a. II was my
unqucsonabc right, having view the union Of all good
Cyrns In support of the Territorial laws express an
opinion the true construction o the provisions
ing slavery contained In the organic act ~ Congress Of the
30th May 1854 Congress declared 10 be tho true in
tent and meaning Of this act not 10 legslae slavery into
any Territory state, 70 exclude thcrerom but ~
the people thereof perfectly rcgu
late their domestic institutions In their way" Under
Il Kansas when admitted state, !" was 10 " be
oeived into the Union, with without slavery, their
constitution may prescribe at the time OF their admission
Did Congress By this language that the delegates
elected 20 frame constitution should have authority final
ly TO decide the question Of slavery did they intend,
by leaving to the people, that the people o. Kansas
should decide this question by drcect vote
ON this subject confess had entertained serious