The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-04-26


all rmthsr motive for placing the Independence Of their
country at The feet of Persia would be at removed
then the sectsran differences viii divide the
Agans from The Persins would have rsgained all Their
torscus would have bound them for the English
such would have been the proper course the wisdom Of
such policy has snoe been fully acknowledged Hut It's
extreme simplicity caused be rejected n not efcacous
operative enough Hence the negotiations entered into
by Cir A. Barnes with the princes Of Aghanis.n dd NOT
receive the sanction Of the authorities At Calcutta These
me resolved not 70 modify In the least degree what
the traditional course and Old policy of the Fast India
1Ompany. They, therefore, persisted In the purpose Of
making Anghanisan q single power, TO act such
coupterpose Persia For this reason while feet
despatched up the Persian GuH 10 intdate the Shah by
demonstration made In the very heart Of his kingdom,
and then obge him 10 abandon the siege Of erat the
company determined ~ the time TO send An army
authority Of the hereditary Shah, who named
Soojah all the provinces Of this country The
unfortunate results Of this famous expedition against Ca
bou 100 well KNOWN as also what tremendous efforts
cost the English subsequently 10 revenge the destruction
their army After all the English could succeed In
attaining the object they aimed at namely to form Agaa
nsan into single empire They obliged 70 content
themselves with merely raising the siege of Herat They
afterwards made separate treaties with the Afghan
princes whom they had sought 70 divcst Of their powers
Dost Mohammed retained his dominion In Caboul, aud
Kohen d Khan continued to reign In Cndahar, subject only
20 tho condition of engaging 10 rclieve Herat Persia
should again attempt 10 obtain possession Of that place.
Al the same time. however, that an English army WAS
DESTROYED by the Ahhas in C.boul expedition made
by the Russians against Khv met with the same fste
This counter defeat gave new spirits and fresh courage TO
the English i seemed now to be- proved by terrible facts
and disasters that these two European Powers oonld
succeed when they attempted to go beyond the limits
assigned by nature Iartary seemed TO be certain and
unavoidable grave for the Russians, and Afgtinsan for
the English Between these two countries vast
region Of country extended nearly thousand miles
length and about FIVE hundred miles in breadth over
which no European foot had ever passed. All accounts
concurre in representing this vast region consisting
only Of sandy deserts and uninhababe plains which
the few hordcs If wandering Tartsrs scarcely
turcd TO traverse Between the Afghps the SIDE,
and the people OF Bukara the other side vast
deserts there had existed any relations Of commerce
any kind whatever, which taken 10 be manifest
proof Of the barennes OF 1.-THE countries situated between
Herat and the Sea OF Ara Thus then it seemed rs Il
ture herself had undertaken to plant large and impossible
barriers between the several possessions Of the English
and Russians in Asia, rendering any hostile collision be
these great European Powe impossible in Asia.
Such being the England had to entertain fear
Of Power whatsoever except Persia and 10 her
against Persia all that necessary 10 watch over
md preserve the Independence Of AthauitSn England
felt still confident in her security after the conquest
Of SeiDde and OF the Kingdom OF lahore The river In
dus not secure line Of defence IL waB not quite
certain that enemy could be prevented from crossing
point another a river the whole length OF which
was nearly ve hundred miles Even the presence Of an
enemy the left bank Of the Indus woud OF Itself alone
be sufficient 10 make the world call in question the high
preterons and character OF the English Power, and
single battle lost would place the whole northern part q.
the Indian peninsula in the power Of the invaders We
be convinced Of this when remember the effect pro
duced throughout Hndosan by the defeat Sir Henry Cough
Chianw allub by the Sikbs The conquest therefore,
Of Seinde and of the Kingdom O! lahore, while made
the English masters OF the whole course Of the Indus,
enabled them 70 advance their line o defence forward be-
yond the river behind which they could safely retire and
rcorganize their troops in OF defeat Parallel
with the Indus from Hindon Koush to the Gulf
OF Persia there extends long chain Of mountains,
forming the boundary Of Anghanis,n This long noun
tain range only be crossed nj two places, the
north opposite the country Of Cboul the place where
the Indus leaves Tibet and enters India the other at tho
south Of Anglnisian opposite Cndahar which called
the passes of Boon il Is AT the last mentioned point that
the armies Of England twice penetrated into the country OF
the Afghans Al both these passes where they open into
he oYy M
fortresscs, viz: feshawer opposite Hndon Koush, and
Thknrpcre, opposite the passes OF BoIon. Behind these
forts bridges erected the Indus al Aok,
where the river Cabou falls into the Indus, the other AT
Baruk the lower Indus In Of any reverse the
English thus snbled 10 fall back upon the len bank
while they also hJ70py these bridges tho mans Of pour
ing troops any into the country from te right bank
Of the river II Is therefore not 10 he denied that
the recent conquos o the English have ben the means Of
giving "a their empire much stronger frontier than
yiousy possessed lc at the time their syem Of de-
fence organized the plan Is NJ present presents insur
uountble the way Of any Asiaicarmy. Would
be So however, If they had European army contend
~ihp And, first OF all, Jet us ask, could Russian army
penetrate into the country far the river Indu
Ever since the expedition against Caboul, the opinion has
prevailed almost universally that the very idea OF the nd
vance Of Russian army across Central Asia J. TO be
garded absolute chimera Such has been the gene
raj opinion; is, however, deception wlach per
viii disspato. We shall now proceed 70 prove Ifsctor
~ how untoundcd this opinion Is.
We have shown where the vulnerable points OF the
AnglolDd empire 20 be found and also what
he defensive resource ri tho English that continent.
Let Enquire into and ascertain the OF az
erosion which are in the power " Russia
Within the course Of the lat fifteen years Russia has
become sole and sovereign muster Of tho whole Caspian
Sea Tho pirates, by whom was previously infested,
have been wholly oxcrnratcl the freedom OF igaon
on is waters hs been taken entirely away from Persia;
large fleet OF ships OF war and transport ship has been
Constructed, and lastly great military ald commercial
port has been created by Russia the southern exrem
Of this at Ashoun4dch, opposite Assrabad
Every time Russia has quarrel with Persia she always
threaten sizr upon the latter fortress and occupy
as pledge Of good behavior This fort ,omnnanis the
sl afssIf FRAN