The weekly Ottumwa courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1857-1872, 1857-12-24
{ OLD f.s, vOL. 9, NO. !.
! RI $3.50 In iaeAay..osc-' -

-. 80 Hs,.,a.s ~"sessd at nriyafa
"a sn..n,.,,a late years prevailedto to sfsassz-
tan, !, ~. rjds. The consequence has bsen
,ha, -. II them have become the property
- f,na,r;sn. bmpanies, and thus the price 70
,-.,.,,, - j those who desire to purchase for
ac,,,; ..,.,a In order TO limit the area Of spec.
....,.- -. sossitle. the extinction cf the In.
Az, ,;,,. .lteusion cftle public surveys ought
on,v % 10. lith the tide Of emigration 7o
:, ,conr-.d hereafter grant alternate sections
J, a.s.s. HES. as they have done heretofore,
, -.~se HE interim ediate sections retsined
-, .s. g.. IL be subject to pre-emption by act
:, 80. 1be our cardinal policy toreserve the
nuh,,c Ian hch as may be for actual settlers,ano
.h;s !, ~ prices we shall thus not only best
1900. ,ber,ty OF the new States and Territor-
.uF.s.,L of the Union. but shall secure homes
t = kor MANY generations. ~ -
rha ar,lof our limits has brought within our
,rr,.dct IN additional and populous tribes oflnr
a,.r. ,.loportion Of which are wild, untracta-
~. .nd y % control Predatory and wariike IN
,h.;, ana habits, II II Impossible asoseshef
70 re.tr.h n from committin aggressions on each
o,he, &c L upon our frontier citizens and tnoss
sm;vr., III our distant States and Territories.
us,cs ! I've military expeditions are frequently
rs..... rkerawe and chastise the more lawiess
& g. 55
and host g't 3.t8
The "A system of making them valuable pres
ents 10 knce them to remain at peace has proved
inesfect HI is believed to be the better policy 70
co,or;,h n IN suitable localities, where they can
....,... f,a;nsnss Of education and be gradually
,..., I,on, habits of industry 80 far the ex-
been tried II has worked wellin practice,
and II doubtless prove TO be less expensive 'nsA
the prebystem. ts. lratta
y ~. { nuuber Of Indians within our territorial
u,n,,. 6eved 20 be- from the best data In the In
terror Artment, about S25,o0o. s4
Tn. 4 of Cberokees, Choctaws, Chickasavs, and
Llea IN the territory set apart for them west
- Us are RAPIDLY advancing in education and
n an srts OF civilization and sefgovernment, and
v. ~ hdu,re the agreeable anticipation that At no
vsrx hnt day they win be incorporated Into the
UnioS lone of the sovereign States. @ aH
I.,b. seen, from the report Of the Postmaster
anatthat the Post ONCE Department still continues
20 deId on the Treasury, as ithas been compelled TO
do foSveral wears past for important portion OF
the uhs Of sustaining and extending It's operasonss
rheidpid growth and expansion are shown oy . de'
cenni Statement of the number Of post o"Ses, eno
the leth of post roads, commencing with the year
1927 h that year there were 900 post omces; %,
n I'm 1877 15 14s; and In 1857 they number 9e,066
l,t4 ooc1A
7o4 kontinued, leaving net increase Of ,02f The
most Of s6s officers are appointed by the Prssi
dent s-,4
Tliength Of post roads, in 1897, 1o5, ,sSs miles;
IN M IN a49 miles IN 1s47 1888 sis miles; and in the
VII 1857 there 242 60 miles of post road, inciud'
I'M % $50 miles of railroad which the mails are
tansported. = ~ ag
The expenditures OF the Department for the fiscal
wear ending the Both June, 1857 adjusted by the
Audito, amounted TO $11, ,507 $40. To deffay these
there was to the credit Of the Depart
msnt on the LIST July, 1859, thesum of $7Sess9; tho
gross Of the year, including the annual allow
for the transportation of free mail matter
duced Ss,O63 95l and the remainder supplied by
the appropriation from the Treasury Of $50 900,
grantedby the act of Congress approved August Is,
1885, and by the appropriation of s8 made by the
act of March g. 1851 leaving 1882 to be carried to
the credit OF the Department in the accounts Of the
current year. I commend to your consideration the
report Department In relation to the establish
ment Of the overland mail route from the Mississippi
river to San Francisco. California The route
lected with my full concurrence as the one, in my
Judgment best calculated to attain the important
jects contemplated by Congress.
The late DISASTROUS monetary revuision may have
good effect should It cause both the Government and
dicious economy, both in public and private expend
itures.
An overfowing Treasury has led to habits Of prodi
gality and extravaganza In legislation. II has In
duced Congress to make large appropriations to objects
for which they would have provided had II beer
necessary to raise the amount Of required
meet them by increased taxation by loans, We
compelled pause In career and to scrutinis
our expenditures with the utmost vigilance and, Il
performing this duty pledge my cooperation to thu
extent Of my constitutional competency. as
II ought to be observed at the same time. that trus
public economy does not consist In Withholding tn,
means necessary to accomplish important national ob
jects ntrusteto by the Constitution and especially
such may be necessary for the common Defense III
all ought to be taken that the money grant
ed by Congress shall be faithfully and economicall
applied.
Under the Federal Constitution, "every bill whicI
shall have passed the House of Representatives and III
Senate shal before II becomes law" be approved an
signed BY the President; and not approved "he sha
return it, with his objections that House in which
originated" In order to perform this high and re
sponsible duty, suficient time must be allowed tn
President to read and examine every bill presented
him for approval. Unless this be Afforded the Con
sisntion becomes dead letter in this particular; an
even worse--it becomes means Of deception. On
constituents seeing the Presidents approval and cir
nature attached to each act OF Congress- are induce
to believe that he has actually performed this duty
when, in truth, nothing is In many cases, more un
founded.
From the practice Of Congress, such an examnatio
Of each bill the Constitution requires has been rsr
dered impossible. The most Important business q
each session is generally crowded ints its last hour
and the presented to the President Ia ethe