The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-04-15

500 bbls ., l4ko The inclemenoy Of ts wshAr In the
forenoon CT eche1 sales sugars. The mayket lite
firm Gales confined to 100 hhds. Cuba mussovsdo
| n ltZc. and 10 do Port Roo ut Hxo. Coffee WAS
quiet Mr. Scott est nstss he stock Of oil kads
at lls, aSs bags Of which u, 100 Rio Freghs
gage ents moderate, and quotations heavy. 10
LIVERPOOL 900 bbls nour taken u a. Cd rosin
u L. 3D., ana compressed cotton st va.
The DscasiOn OF the Administrator on the
CHINA Question.
BY reference to our telegraphic despatch from
Washington, and to the letter we this day pub
lish from LoUdon, the exact state of the China
question will be ascertaned. A food of light is
thrown upon the past and present relations of
the United States with the Chinese Empire by
these important documents.
To commence with the latest steps in the mat
ter The administration have nominated Will
liam B Reed, a prominent commercial lawyer of
Philadelphia to the post of Minister to China;
aud this appointment is understood to meet the
views, not only of the President but of Mr..
Robert J. Walker, who understands the Chinese
question better. probably, than any other living
American state,man, and who would peril APPS
were required in higher and more responsible
Office. Mr.. Reed will not proceed, it is believed,
directly to China At the suggestion of Lord
Nsper it lie expected that he will sail from hence
to Eogland. and consult with the governments of
France and EpglsDd in reference to their policy
in China; having obtained all the light they
have to offer, he will proceed on bis journey by
Al g L.
United States squadron will be in waiting to
receive, and forward him to his destination.
The basis on which Mr. Reeds instructions are
framed is careful and sound. The admin
nistration, addressed by the ambassadors Of
France and England on the subject of the late
troubles in China, aud solicited to afford them as
large u measure of cooperation as was con-
sistent with national policy, have replied in an
elaborate despatch, prepared by Mr. CassL This
| document, in a kind and friendly manner ex-
presses the sympathy which the President feels
for the cause which must be promoted by the
success of the English but at the same time adj
verts TO the traditional policy OF the republic in
steering clear of entanging alliances, and foreign
ware IL is not the intention Of Mr.. Buchanan,
SAYS this despatch, to depart from this policy of
non-interference and he must therefore decline
to cooperate in a military or naval or political
sense. with the maritime powers of Europe in
prosecuting hostilitiss against the Chinese. But,
as this country possesses large interests in China
and carries on an extensive trade with that part
OF the world, the President conceives that he is
justified in cooperating peacefully with the
European powers in endeavoring to induce the
Chinese TO relax their rule Of exclusion, aud TO
admit foreigners TO every part OF their country.
| This Mr.. Reed il directed TO do and for the bet
ter fulfmeDt Of bis purpose, he will be provided
! with naval force sufficient to impose upon
OrieDtals and, il necessary TO protect the lives
and property Of our people in that meridian.
For further details both of the reply OF Mr.
| Cas- 10 Lord Napier and of the instructions to
be banded to Mr. Reed. the reader may be refer
I'd 20 the curious document, published in our
! London letter. This was memorandum handed
! 10y the Hon Robert J. Walker TO Mr. Marcy or
some other member Of the Cabinet at the time of
his appointment TO the mission TO China by
some mcaDs or other, il managed to fad its way
across the Atlantic and create a good deal Of
Excite ment there among politicians aud econo-
msts II now comes back 10 Us, aud is, We un-
delstaad, recommended by Lord Napier, and ac-
ctptcd by the Cabinet as the basis of our future
Chinese policy.
tbatbciore the Tartar conquest, foreigners were
rot only allowed to visit China, but special laws
we're made for their ptotcctoa and the duty OF az
forcing them hospitality was considered sacred ~
that tine, ihirc was but little trade between En-
rome and China, and the kindness OF tue Chinese
was fruitless During the eighteenth century,
the Portuguese q. Macao and the East India Com
parry OF Canton commenced a small trade in
silks. opium ard tea: troubles Arising. Lord Ma
cnirpy was sent 10 Pekin in 1892; nose tgoublts
following. Lord Amherst made the same Journey
~ 1SlG; bni toe treaty or bugain which vas
made was cf the mort unsatsiac DRY cha
Ioctcr. The Chinese ne nation, vonll
hot recognise thc foreigners az all. The
Utmost tb,y we're willing TO do vas
+ 10 appoint close corporation OF Chinese MGR
F chants 20 tars5c, wh1.oyet business rcquircd az
| icuion Viih iho British Company Of The East Ia
I cics. Tire only ports leit open were par OF
/ Capton and Mecop. THIS Lasted til 1884, when
tie alteration OF the status or the East I1da
/ Company ilreW open is ports and It's privileges
/ 20 The world. ii was ncy,r settled 60 what eX-
ttn' this change invalidaiod The bargain WITH tbc
/ Cbpesc; but, alter tho opening Of the port Of
| Canton. when icrcign vessels bcgaa 10 Gro sd in
/ troubles bega0 to arise once more. Tue seizure
! Of The opium WHICH led 10 the OPIUM War was
! ip 1910: the Chinese seem 10 us 90 have been
right on the upinm question: bat tue E1glish
went to war lees 20 get the worth Of the OPIUM
than TO compel the Chinese 70 admit foreigners
to other parts Of tho empire. They prosecuted