The Evansville daily journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ia. [i.e. Ind.]) 1848-1862, 1857-04-14
COTTON MANUFACTURES al THE SOUTH.

DEBow's REvIEw.-This IS almost the on ,
~ successful periodical representing the senti-
ments and interests Of the South. II is now
in the twelfth year Of its publication. 1t had
hard struggle for existence in its early years.
but it has, by the perseverance and Indomita-
BILE energy Of its proprietor. become firmly es-
tablished, and has large and increasing sup
port in all parts of the country. 1t is devoted
to southern interests, and southern CONNER
cial and agricultural statistics. With those
who have fairness of mind enough to wish TO
examine both sides, it is a valuable and inter
esting monthly visitor. 1t is worthy COM
panion of Hunts Magazine. For the terms
of transcription, see the advertisement.
The April number has an interesting arti
Gle upon the subject Of spinning cotton yarns
from seed cotton, and making the gin the ini-
tiatory machine in cotton factory; and ex-
porting our cottons in form of yarns, instead oil
its raw and unmanuiactured state in compress
cd bales. That the great bulk Of our cotton
will be spun in the regions where it is grown,
has long been the conviction with intelligent
observers, familiar with the nature Of the pro-
dsct. Cotton is never in so fine a state for
the spindle as wheni it is brushed from the
teeth Of the gin. The processes of baling and
COMPRISING, handling and exposure to the at
mosphere after the seed is extracted, is a seri-
Gus detriment to the fibre and staple. The
atmosphere abstracts from it the natural coil,
that gives its soft, silky texture, and this loss
impairs its strength, and makes it harsh and
brittle. The compression oft in bales, des-
troys the fine serrated edges of the fibre which,
when examined through powerful micro
scope, appears to be covered with downy
hooks that catch upon everything brought in
contact with it, and which forms its lettering
qualities, and which irnparts the chief strength
to tie thread. By compression in the bale,
these are broken or pressed down, and lose
their elasticity. None Of the processes Of the
manufacturer in the picker willow, in carding
spreading or beating. can ever restore them.
All these operations in factory, which form
onc-third or one-half Of the whole cost Of man
ufacturing, are only to bring back, partially,
the cotton to the state in which it left the gin
All Of the expensive labor and machinery in
this department Of manufacturing would be
saved by spinning Indirectly from the gin, from
which it comes in its perfect, natural state
The cost Of this labor is equivalent to. 3 or
cents per pound. 1t is estimated there is q
loss, by waste and damage, between the gin
Al =
England of ten per cent. on the cotton ship
ped. The native climate Of the plant too, is
found to be most favorable for manufacturing
it. All pi actical men know that the state o.
the weather and atmosphere has great effect
upon the operations Of spinning in factory
In England, from the peculiarities of its eli
mate, the cotton manufacturers there have {
local advantage over those on the continent
or our own in New England, in spinning tn,
finer numbers of yarn; this has been attribu
ted to the humidity and peculiar electrical con
dition of the English atmosphere. Befor,
steam was introduced, on a cold day. with :
ern factories would appear to have an electri
cal rcpulsion for each other, and instead O
combining, all loose fibres would stand out a
right angles with the thread, apparently re
sisting the efforts Of the spinner to unite them
This difficulty is partially overcome now, b.
ejecting steam into the spinning room. Nom
of these difficulties are observed at the South
AMI when the staple is spun directly as
tho MIL 70 "a, oil mn
bleached, it forms finer and more pcriec
thread than can be formed from il under an,
other circumstances. The saving in bulk an
danger in transportation, is another argumen
in favor Of spinning cotton before its shipment
All these considerations make it evident tina
cotton spindles must, sooner or later, be uni
ted with the gin, and that the planter must G
one step further in preparing his cotton 70
use. Mr.. Henry, of Mobile, has after man
years of labor, produced simple and chea
machine to spin cotton directly from the gir
without the Intervention Of cards. 1t is yer
confidently predicted that this invention is t
create an entire revolution in the industry an
prospects Of the South The machinery
simple, and the cost so very moderate that III
increased value Of single crop will pay tn
expenses Of it.
For n planter making - bales, 1900
For u planter making 100 bales, $3.50
For planter making go bales, $500
Fer planter making 800 bales, 6.oOo
For planter making 600 bales, 1900
Fora planter makingl50o tales. 10000
Whether Mr.. Henry's invention shall a
complish all he predicts Of it or not, there ca
be but little doubt that cotton will soon
made into yarns, or rowing on its native fielc