The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1857-12-16


the power Of the Union, but shall secure homes
for our postsrity Tor many generations.
The extension ofour limits has brought within
our jurisdiction many additional and populous
tribes Of Indians, large proportion Of which
are wild untraetible, and difficult to control
Predatory and warlke in their dispositions and
habits. it is impossible altogether to restrain
them from committing aggressons on each 9TH
er, as well as upon our frontier citizens and
those emigrating TO our distant States and Ter
ritories. Hence expensive military expeditions
are frequently necessary to overawe and chastise
the more lawleSs and hostile.
The present system Of making them valuable
presents to influence them to remain at peace
has proven Intellectual 1t is believed to be the
better policy to colonize them in suitable local.
tied where they can recsive the rudment OF ed
ucation and be gradually induced to adopt habits
Of industry. SO far as the experiment has been
tried it has worked well in practice, and 1t will
doubtless prove to be less expensive than the
present system.
The whole number Of Indians within our
Territorial limits is believed to be, form the
best data in the Interior Department. about
$4,000
The tribes Of Cherokees, Chcctaws, Chicka-
saws, and Creeks, settled in the territory set a.
part fort them west Of fArkansas are rapidly ad-
vancing in education and in all the arts OF civil
ization and selfgoycrnmcnt; and we may in
dulge in the agreeable anticipation that at no
very distant day they will be incorporated in
/ to the Union as one ofthe sovereign States.
! 1t will be seen from the report of the Post
master General that the Post Office department
still continues to depend on the treasury, as 1t
has been compelled to do for several years past,
! for an important portion ofthe means OF sustain
ing and extending its operations, Their RAPID
growth and extension are shown by dec'nn'al
statement of the number OF post offices and the
length Of post roads, commencing with the year
1927. In that year there were 1000 post otli-
ces; in 1887, II, III in 1947, 1926; and IN
1857, they number 1885, In this year !, 725
post offices have been established and 704 dis
continued, leaving net increase of l,02l. The
postmasters of 2G6 officers are appointed by the
President
The length of post roads in 1927 was 1861
226 miles; in 1887, 141, ,242 miles; in 1917, 159,-
3lS miles; and in the year 1857 there are 242,-
COL miles of post road. including % $50 miles
Of railroad, on which the mails are transported
The expenditure Of the department for the
fiscal year ending on the 30.ff June, 1851, as
rdusted by the Auditor, amounted to 1907
$40. To detray these expenditures there was te
the credit of the department on the lSt July
} 1856, the sum of S7S6599; the gross revenue o
the year, including the annual allowances fol
the transportation OF free mail matter, produced
So 033, ,95l; and the remainder was suppd by
, approp. iation from the treasury of S2,2oo,OOt
granted by act OF Congress approved August 10
| 1856, and by the appropriation OF $666,oot
made by the act OF March 3, 1857, leaving S252,'
763 to be carried to the credit of the depart
ment in the accounts Of the current year.
commend to your consideration the report o
the department in relation to the establishment
of the overland mail route from the Mississippi
!, liver to San Francisco, California. Tho route
was selected with my full concurrence, as one
in my judgment best calculated to attain The
; important objects contemplated by Congress.
The late disastrous monetary revulsion may
, have one good effect should it cause both tht
government and the people to return to the
, practice Of wise and judicious economy boil
f in public and private expenditures
= An overAowng treasury has led to hab IS 0
prodgality and extravaganza in our legislation
, 1t has induced Congress to make large appro
priations to objects for which they never woult
r have provided had it been necessary to raise thu
amount OF revenue required to meet them by
: creased taxation or by loans. We are nov
compelled to pause in our career, and to scrutin
lze our expenditures with the utmost vigilance
5 and in performing this duty, and in perIormin!
7 this duty, pledge my corporation to the ex
! tent ofmy constitutional competency.
1t ought to be observed at the same time tina
true public economy does not consist i'll with
} holding the means necessary to accomplish i'm
/ portant national objects intrusted to us by th
: constitution, and especially such as may be ne
4 cessary for the common defence. In the pres
ent crisis OF the country, it is our duty to con
fine our appropriations to objects OF this charac
ter, unless in cases where justice to indiv,du
g ais NAV demand a different course. | all cases
care ought to be taken that the money granted
y by Congress shall be faithfully and economical
e y applied.
t Under the federal constitution, "every bill
4 which shall have passed the House Of Repre-
n sentativcs and the Senate shall, before il be
S comes law" be approved and signed by th
= President; and, if not approved, che shall re
e turn it with his objections to that house j
d which 1t originated" In order to perform thi
: high and responsible duty, sufficient time mus
Y be allowed the President to read and examin
is every bill presented to him for approval Un
9 less this be afforded the constitution becomes
;, dead letterin this particular; and even worse,
4 becomes means Of deception. Our constitu
d ents, seeing the Presidents approval and signi
turc attached to each act ofCongress, are indu
IS ced to believe that he has actually periQrme
e this duty, when, in truth, nothing is, in man
IS cases, more uniounded
Y From the practice Of Congress, such an exam
e ination Of each bill as the constitution require
). has been rendered impossible. The most in
Is portant business OF each session is general
Is crowded into its last hours, and the altenati,
7, presented to the President is either to yiolat
J the constitutional duty which he owes the pei
It pie, and approve bills which for want of time,
MI is impossible he should have examined, or, by
d refusal to do this subject the conntry und ind
l. yiduals to great loss and inconvenience.
a Besides, a practice has grown up OF late yea
y to legislate in appropriation bills, at the la
hours Of the session, on new and important sui
l. jocts. This practice constrains the Presldel
either to suffer the measures to become Law
:. which he does not approve, or to incur the Ri
;s ofstopping the wheels fthe government by v
ID toing an appropriation bill Formerly such bill
4 were confined to specific appropriations for ca
10 ing into effect existing laws and the well-e
" tablshed policy the country, and little tin
D. was then required by thePresident for their e.
h. am nation. .
a.. For my own part, have deliberately dete
,y mined that shall approve no bill which ha
ic not examined, and it will be case of extrer
nd and most urgent necessity which shall ever i
er duce me to part from this rule Therefore, +
H. Espectively, but earnestly, Recommend that t
he two houses would allow the President at lea
nv two days Erovious to the adjournment ofeach Sc
he sien within which no new bill shall be present.
to to him for approval. Hii
n Under the existing joint rule one day is allo'
d. ell; but this rule has been hitherto so constant
er, suspended in practice, that important bills co
tnue to be presented to him up till the We