New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-08-21

/ sepsigtet by the 6ravypt - go vhe,a
| e. IL ~ rs I.,otaI disisostoa OF tne -usN s"o.o
S"-ie ~ W : :; ,Lith, 'he craOito mas ~ TO Saota
Cs,,ir. NonnLins VITA uPhreFet' o. roooe, ""l ~
L'o h the san fse'o 'cirJ' W. r,,,,.
e'oLo t,1etuees Of s0gen huadfod icc. 10 sode
49, Above uis was the o'ue Anestone altered
pcss,o,euy ny trup DIV hes. WI. have oosverted IL
hit, e, ,stsl.iGe uUT,if. TOTS vas tfom SIX huo-
~ ~ 1isbt hundred ieCt IL TIL ,tnese- Tho upper
.,.torrs cr2pcd By porpnyrE. form The s'.m'niIa Of
! he hills which clio generally tai.
rbe ,hrce upLeaUpg forces then die--;he Protfu-
ion Of lie tTrn..c maaes; the uphcSvr4 Ot p1rphyry
end rcd tessr and the dykes Of besslt aud trap, toe
later OF which most abuadaLt near the d b0ucac
OF the san Pri:ta and Azul rivers iuto tue Gala and
along iis 70 the mouth vi the san Pedro N"1
irg cen exceed the iuggeGness OF the coun!y where
ne ella cojle-s rhroug'i the Pnal Llano sad Catro
hilIs. Lone creta eud ridges Of volcanic rock rus
mig to southeast ascecd on every side preserving
remarkable paraleiis, the volcanic rocks gene'a'y
.reuupc n 10 10 6J' W., while the granite rue
more nearly north and south, henoe they ocoa:
s rally merge into each other. This aggregation 81
upbeavipg forces seems 10 have been lees powerful
q hupdIed n lies south where re lsnd becomes Al
open plain ndDg into the States of sonora ana
chihuahua, AID eliminating to 'rIn the Sierra Mad1e
mountains which he between those state.
TIE Ceiiru Mountains, on the eastern bank OF the
San Pedro, to be the limit Of the tack Dods oi
serdStones and conglomeroe. which uaderIe tue lime
stone and are in contact with the igteous upheava.
Nowhere wei, Of this point s it observed; the con-
elomerate found 10 tbe lover county IN contact with
granite rocks is of different physical CHARACTER, ana
apparently Of no great thickness. But II the Cairo
lils u. forms the prominent feature from ~ great
thickness ard readily found near the base Oi The
Chincalui ald the P.nal LlaEo raugo, and forms
prominent rock along the Upper CHA a1d It's tiou-
iaries. Gorg eastward it thrs out, a-d has not been
observed either a. the Mimbrcs P,caCho or on the
Organ MouLiails, where the limestone was observed
within few yards Of the fsspa.hic rock. The dls.
sppe araDce OF 70 Tick bed within the space OF
;LIee bon1cd miles is remarkable; has it been ob
serycd eart Of the Rio Gran6e Valley. In the iong-
:aGe Cf the son Pedro this eaudeoGe Il persistent
element Elevated iehpatElc porphyry and granite,
it may be traced west OF The San Francisco, north
e,n tributary Ct the Gilo, down the course Of the
Colorado ChIUita, and north of The Colorado. where
IL appGa,s in tho base Of tie Wabash Mountains,
the we.iern margin OF the salt Lake Valley.
Indeed there nouEtaiEs correspond very closely with
The Calico hills. This sandstone has been classed az
Devon.aD. No fossils found in it along this
route being accessible IL few places ms bid' itne
stone Contained fcw fossil pl,ns. specimens being
found in two places in the Chiscahui range and
tie ether in tie Organ Mountains. NJ beds Of coal
nor coal plants were observed at any point In the
upper be ds &, this Limestone the JOrnada oel MueIo.
North vi tao Mcsi1a Valley a thin layer OF btuni-
nous rock has been net With, without auy vegetable
Impressions. Ibia limestone is probably the lover
beds vi ;be carponifeIous sercs below rle true coal
series corresponding 10 the lower mountain limestone
CT Great Briain. The upper SanustUncs have been
set down Pruea, rather from their physical struc-
than iron. eny fossils obained their greAtcte
thickD. mere exceeds 600 feet and is often less
20 tGe limestone eath, end probably thicker on
TIE eastern edge OF the Purchase than on the west.
They soft dsin grating shes aud gifts, and have
been ECii cegcrbed by Bartlett, who found them Oh
the Mr. bres One bed epp@ers 10 DC wholly made UP
Of D.cgraicd red fciepar rouk-a dccOnPosed
rorpbyry.
No rocks CT more recent date are net With W tue
elevated old on ON the Sc Of this valley but in
the Rio Grdndo ard the san Pedro il set Of uncon-
frnable stlets 10 the Mcsia Valley a. tie base Of
he MGuyfnIus- /, "A bid "a pIeeulsn ruUu
scarcely consolidated easily v.rn ~ liz, streams,
more t'sn 30 feet exposed. and ainost horizontally
deposited. A few pieces OF cTypt0yanous atro5eus
found in the stream beds running from taese
levers whoso forms were anal gous to epidcjc.dron
No her fossil, we're found in these beds.
The beds of the san Pedro Valley Of differ
character, belng layers of gypaeous nar! s!opDg
abcu. 3 20 the oGst aud about 10 feet Deep and
tnnine scnus OF seleni.e running in horizontal lines
throughout. large portion Of the deposit MAS re-
moved By lns acton OF the mountain torrents NO
fossils were obtained. From the sahta CstaIina
Mountains the LAID falls gradualy westward ~ tho
Gulf IT California aud the Colorado desert Ga this
slope several lesscr mOuDisn ranges occur, composed
Of an Alb;nc Oranitc A4is surmouhtcd ~ q light.
GORE Sa os'Ohc, easily decUnp.scd 10y the weather
where posed, forming angular aud turct 'aapsd
sun II is 10 the bills west OF Fort Yuma. Here occur
veins aL0 stau6 Ct native copper, wacre tap dykes
cut Though the S-ndttore. These irequeuOe ZIG
HOSE Mouraips and Their southern extension toward
the town Of Iucsor. East OF these cupfcruus sand
stones occuis region overlooked BY bed of oi5atlc
rock uealiy siyt, uiles wido, and flowing apparently
from tho n " W. The hasaliic Cnp FROM forty 10
eighty feet thick, ard coveNi up the soft SANDSTONE
Acros. tbs GU pouring tie Gs has worn out bed ny
tie Irpaity AID force OF s current The BED OF tae
Cia is with aluyial Gays and sands the de
pOts Of he crntens oi the river derived fou above
and j. rcGceoLs ard iclhpathc granite ciay, Wni!c
tho lanG above v,! level on each SIDE Is covered wh
deep cca.iDC Of uncoOso1caled grtSe and sands, IN
place, over 100 feet deep, which, iiom its beng 80
e.s, heated by the suns rays, and from absorbing
the eIeht ram fail which occurs on tc Pacific slope OF
the wa.ershed, combines to render the whole district
west Of San PEDRO u.t eitheribe Gulf of Cc!itoraor
he SlerrG Nevada is Gcied, an 1ccla.iI5e desert
From This statement Gre excepted lev valleys n
those of the Magdaepa Tucson SsutE Cruz, and lew
otEcrs-but tie desert piaiU IL tue !I!c. From fJrt
Yana, the Colorado, 10 the Corciueras the geology
u simple, beng an uninterrupted, nat, qua,ernnTy
llain tODpg lrou either side toward The ctDer, wnlcn
- or level with the ocean. The statement inst say
extensive portion OF this dcsoit district - beio~ the
ocean level mast be token with some Ci"tr'Is sirCe
no accurate Instrumental survey has been made, WIN
The object OF determining ehat }oL:. Ii Is, ho~cNe!,
suiit MI remarkable TIA. ;he Coc!udo Etvcr CT that
latitude docs hot occupy the lowest level o the vi
ley cr piap, bu. runs at the eaStG'n margin, 90 'ls
velin, est the Coe!cdo desert, leaving
The r.v, some Ies 10 the cast, si1ip OF couAtty -
crossed ich is several feet below tao river az Fo;t
Yuma Il ibis depression Tuas tae bfanrh kaO"a as
New River which, ON two occasions recently, cog
tsl d wa derived from en overflow VI tIe Cclera-
10. hut is ecieiay IL CRY sIcanlet. Ua1erneath tue
.iuvisi cl6 Is found CypstVuS beds o. s0't cay
structure reposrg uEcoLiUuabiy OF reddish volcanic
,ettay coy, cDefstcs The oueis U! the Cotdil!efas
Of California.
Col WuITrLEsFY followed with paper 90 the
origin If anthracite anG biturinous ,Oai.'
lie said h. had beoa cautioned against expressing
lis voYs this topic since al! gcoiooists concar now
in the opinion IT tue vegetable orgin Of coal. For
iw n:y gears he has doubted this heoy hss convic-
lion is stl that coal mas mineral origin, JUS. are
the shals II Il same series, aEd i; only que aon
Of pnGcuce ard policy whether to pr seat teese Vows
TO q sc,,ntiic BODY. Although al biologists agree
that coal is vegetable matter csrbonzod, they tie'
entirely u TO ihc node II tins caIbon2at.Jn. lie
ron. md nN.r. nnt,r.iA nill.r.ni theory,