davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27
Who Discovered the Gas Light .

The Dispatch this morning contains
the following line:
Murdoch. Scotch Engineer, first made
coal gas in 1772."
This statement is erroneous in several
particulars. Murdoch was not the origi-
natof of coal gas, nor did he make any
application of it until 1892.
AS early as 1888, the Rev. Mr. Clay
ton of England, makes mention in a
paper published in the Philosophical
Transactions. that he had been expert
menting on the inaammable nature Of the
gases obtained by the decomposition Of
pit coal in heated close vessels. He sub
sequently lin 1881 treated the subject
at more length. In 1892, w. Murdoch,
Scotchman, paid considerable attention
to the distillation of coal, wood, peat and
other substances, in order to obtain illu-
minating gas. His experiments led him
to the idea of collecting these gases in
vessels and expelling them through Jets,
for lights, for substitute for lamps or
candles. and on this principle he lighted
his own house. For want of leisure, he
did not resume the consideration of. the
subject for nearly FIVE years; bat, in
1899, he lighted his house at Cumnock,
and in the following year he erected a
gas apparatus on large scale. On the
rejoicing for the peace Of Amiens, in
1902, the front of the works were illumin-
ated by gas. In the same year NJ. La
Bon lighted his house in Harris BY gas
obtained from wood and coal, and pro-
posed to supply the whole city. In 1903,
Mr.. Winsor made similar proposals in
London. In 1908, Murdoch erected a
gas apparatus at Manchester, England.
At the same time, Mr.. Winsor raised
$3.50, 900 by means of a company, and
lighted Pail Mall, thus, for the first time,
proving the practicability of lighting the
streets of cities by gas. 1t is now used
all over Europe and America.
Thus it will be seen that Clayton is
entitled to the honor of the first discovery,
while Murdoch conceived the idea of dis
tributing the gas by pipes, and Win
sor lighted the first city.-PHsburgh
Chronicle.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27
Howard Association, Philadelphia.
IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT I

TITO all persons afflicted with Sexual Diseases,
Il such as Spermatorrhea, Seminal Weak
ness, Impotence, GOnorrhRa, elect, Syphilis,
the vice Of Onanism, or Self Abuse, DC, fc.
The Howard Association, in view Of the
awful destruction of human life, caused by
Sexual diseases, and the receptions practiced
upon the unfortunate victims of such diseases
BY Quacks, have directed their Consulting Sur
geOn, as a charitable act worthy of their name,
to give Medical Advice Gratis, to all persons
thus afflicted, who apply by letter, with q des-
cription Of their condition, (age, occupation,
habits of life, &c.,) and in cases of extreme
poverty and suffering, to furnish Medicines Free
Of Charge.
The Howard Association is benevolent In
stitution, established by special endowment, for
the relief of the sick and distressed, afflicted
with "Virulent and Epidemic Diseases" Il
has now a surplus Of means, which the Diree-
tors have voted 70 expend in advertising the
above notice. 1t is needless to add that the
Association commands the highest Medical
skill of the age, and viii furnish the most APP
proved modern treatment.
Just published, by the Association, Report
on Spermatonh9a, or Seminal Weakness, the
vice Of Onanism, Masturbation or Self Abuse,
ard other Diseases Of the Sexual Organs, by
the Consulting Surgeon, which WI be sent by
mail, (in q sealed envelope,) Free Of Charge,
on thereceipt of two stamps for postage.
Address, DR.. GEO. z. CALHOUN, ConEnlt-
ing Surgeon, Howard Association, No. South
Ninth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. By order Of
the Directors.
EZRA D. HARTWELL, President.
GEORGE FAIRCHILD, Secretary.
June 4, 81, ly.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27
aseful arS Curious.
Tricks of Animals.

In breaking or managing horse, how
ever intractable or stubborn his temper
may be, preserve your own. Almost
every fault arises from ignorance. BE
patient with him; teach and coax him,
and success in time is certain. There
are tricks, however. which are the result
of confirmed habit or yiciousness, and
these, someties, require different treat
ment. A horse accustomed to starting
and running away may be efectually
cured, by putting him to the top of his
speed on such occasions, and running
him till pretty well exhausted.
A horse that had trick Of pulling his
bride and breaking it, was at last reduced
to better habits by tying him tightly to
a stake driven on the brink of deep
stream, with his tail pointing to the
water: he commenced pulling at the
halter, which suddenly parted, over the
bank he tumbled, and after somerset or
two, and houndering awhile in the water,
he was satisfied to remain at his post in
future, and break no more brides.
A ram has been cured Of buttins at
everything and everybody, by placing an
unresisting efigy in a similar position
the sudden assault on a wintry day, then
resulted in tumbling his ramslip into
cold bath, which his improved manners
took care to avoid in future.
A sheep-kiHing dog has been made too
much ashamed ever to look sheep in
the face, by tying his hind leg to stout
ram on the brow of hill, while the flock
were quietly feeding at the bottom. The
ram being free and in haste to rejoin his
friends, tumbled and thumped master
Tray so sadly over the stones and gullies,
that he was quite satisfied to confne him
self to cooked mutton thereafter
Mans reason was given him to con-
troll "thn beasts Of the field, and the birds.
of the air." by other means than force.
If he will bring this into play, he will
have no difficulty in meeting a0d over
coming every emergency of perverse in
stinct, or bad habit in the dumb things
by his superior cunning.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

Cardinal virtues Of the American
people," said Mrs. Darlington, as she
dropped the paper che was reading about
three degrees, and looked over the top of
it at some imaginary parsonage on the top
of the buffet in the corner, as if she ex-
pected an answer. Cardinal virtues of
the American people, indeed What do
we want of cardinal virtues, when we
have got enough of our own, that are
preached by our ministers? and if there
ever was .virtuous people, it is our OWL,
where every vice is, thank Heaven, put
down by law. Though some say that
where there is so much law there can be
but little grace, Just as a woman that's
always a washing is the dirtiest. Well,
/ don't know much about it, but at any
rate don't let US have no cardinal virtues,
if we don't have any at all" She felt
her Protestant pride hurt at the supposed
importation of cardinal virtues, but she
treasured the little bead wax statue of the
virgin and child that she had bought of a
pedlar, because Of the resemblance the
baby bore to Ike, as sacredly as she did
the picture Of the burning Of John Rog-
-ers, above the. mantle piece.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27
for tBe fmner,
Deep Flowing.

The deep blowing of dry land, or the
breaking up and stirring of the subsoil,
promotes fertility, by incseasing the pow
er of the land to absorb water by cohe-
sive attraction. 1.-The power of soils to
absorb water from air. says Davy, sis
much connected with. fertility. This
power depends in great measure upon
the state of division of its parts the
the more divided they are. the greater
their absorbent power. When this pow
er is great, the plant is supplied with
moisture in dry seasons and the effect
of evaporation in the day is counteraeted
by the absorption of aqueous vapors from
the atmosphere, by the interior parts Of
the soil, during the day, and by both the
exterior and interior during the night. 4"
The soil imbibes heat earlier in the spring
and retains it later in autumn, in proper
ton as it is dry and dcep-a matter Of
high consideration in cold climates, where
the length of the summer scarcely suf-
fees to mature the crops. The quality
and dryness being the same, soil is fer
tile and durable nearly in proportion to
the depth of the tillage which it receives /;
six inches giving nearly double the pas
ture Cor plants that three inch stratum
does-and twelve inch tilth greatly ex-
ceeding in productiveness one of only
six inches. Won Thaer calculates this
difference in proportionate degrees in lands
which contain a vegetative stratum of
soil of four, six, eight and twelve inches
in depth, provided, of course, that it be
all of equal quality. If, therefore, each
seed were to produce plant, it would
follow that ground which contains eight
inches of depth of fertile mold might be
sown with double the quantity of that
which consists of only four inches. He,
however, admits that this principle can
not be carried to that extent, because the
action of the atmosphere must ever afford
such an advantage to the surface, that
cubic foot of mold, if divided into two
square feet, will always produce greater
number of plants than if the seed were
sown upon one foot superficial; but he
assumes the value of the land to be in
creased, in proportion of eight per cent,
for every inch of mold beyond the depth
of six to ten inches.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

STEAM APPLIED To PDowINa.-At the
recent annual exhibition of the Royal Ag-
ricultural Society in England, field To-
connective dragged seven ploughs, con-
nected in one frame, with considerable
ease and speed over quite undulating
ground. The boiler, engine, wheels, &C.,
in short the locomotive, including an
endless railway, on which it runs to give
it broad, firm bearing on the earth,
weighs nine tons, with steam at sixty
pounds works up to twelve horse power.
The fuel used was coal. Two other ex-
hibitors also rivalled each other in draw
ing ploughs by stationary engines, en-
ploying 4 inch wire ropes for the pur-
pose. Anchors have to be placed on the
opposite side of the field from the engine,
and the ploughs were drawn back light
by means of pulleys.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

AN OLD INFIDEL.-The Hon. j. R.
Giddings has written characteristic let
ter to the Tribune, in which he says that
the "God of Abraham" is not his God
that he despises him, and holds him in
contempt; that he is an idol, or the deity
of the Shareholders, and they are right in
worshippiDg him. He (Giddings) don't
worship nor believe in the God of the
Bible, but has one of his own-that is,
an anti-slayery Coda Niger, we sup
pose-sone odious creature, who winks
at pillage and theft. Seriously, though,
is it not disgraceful, that a widely circu-
lated newspaper should give currency to
this old driveller's .blasphemy?
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

DR.. Harriet K. Hunt says, ''that beau
tiful, graceful accomplishment of dancing,
so perverted by late hours and the indie
cency of fashionable attire, has outraged
many sensible people. and led them to
deprive the young of one of the most SIM
pie and healthful enioyments, because il
has been abused. For myself, 1 can tes-
tify not only to its healthful, but to its
recuperative power. The fortieth, nay,
the fiftieth year of my age, found me en-.
joying this life cheering exercise. II
should be one of the earliest amusements
of children, and care should be taken by
parents that it is understood as an amuse.
ment."
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

Top DRESSING GRASS LANDs.-We
copy the following from the Ohio Cult
vatsr, and would add to the truths there
expressed, that during the last two years
we have leased many acres in our neigh
borhood, in grass which have given but
one ton of hay per acre before coming in
our possession:
In Cheshire, England, where the dairy
is great object of attention, is has been
found, that on pastures long used for this
purpose, which had become thereby i'm
poverished, the addition of bone dust to
the land, had resulted in the immediate
augmentation of the crops on the land Of
700 per cent. Nor need this excite OF
surprise. when it has been found by the
strictest examination, that the milk Of a
single COW will, in seventy fve-years, ex-
haust the soil where she pastured of more
than ton of phosphate of lime, to say
nothing of other substances.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

KEEP AN EYE ON THE Cows.-Every
season of the year has its peculiar trou-
bles, and now the grass is up to full
bite in the pastures, the hungry cows and
other cattle may get down too much at
once, and have a touch of the hoUen.-
The old remedy for this is nice and
risky operation. Hoven can generally be
relieved by twisting stout hay or straw
rope, putting it into the animals mouth.
and tying it over the head The effort
to get this out of the mouth, so operates
upon the muscles of the throat, that the
gas escapes from the stomach, and the
animal is.relieved.
Another way we have seen recommend
ed, is to halter the animal, and. while
held still, fire off gun under its belly.
The sudden fright causes the animal to
jump, by which means the gas is belched
up.
For caked adder in cows, rub on soft
soap for several days after milking.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

To PRoTEcT BEES FROM THE Bee MOTH.
Set your hive on four blocks of wood,
each about one inch thick. Let the low
er points of the blocks be covered, with
an or6ce in one end, large enough to ad-
NIT the miller that makes the deposit for
the moth. Visit your hives about every
third morning before the bees begin to
fly take out the blocks, and in the con-
caves you will find the moths nicely web
bed mp, and nearly large enough to climb
into the hive. Destroy them and your
bees are safe. This is better than all the
patent bee hives ever invented, as ii
never fails. The moth always matches
and is matured at the base of the hive.
The fly that makes the deposit never as
cends. The gentleman TO whom am
indebted for this, has tried it for years
with entire success.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

How TO MAKE TEA PRoPERLY.-The
proper way to make cup of good tea is
matter Of some importance The plan
to be practised is this /: The tea pot is at
once filled up with boiling water then
the tea is put into the pot, and is allowed
to stand for Eve minutes before it is used;
the leaves gradually absorb the water,
and as gradually sink to the bottom ;
the result is that the tea leaves are not
scalded, as they are when boiling water
is poured over them, and You get all the
true flavor of the tea. In truth, much
less tea is required in this way, than
under the old and common practice.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

"TAKIEG AFTER HIS FATHER. We
have heard of child taking after his
father" but not exactly in the way re-
corded by a cotemporary journal:
We once knew an eccentric old man in
the Nutmeg State. % in its northern part,
who went by the familiar title of Uncle
Aaron. The old man had raised large
family Of boys. the largest of whom-a
wild, registering blade-was named after
himself. In speaking of his family, the
old man said, with very long face:
Among all my boys, never had but
one who took after his father, and that
was my Aaron; he took after me-piM a
clu6!'
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

A correspondent of the Virginia Sem
tinel, writing from Fsuquier county. tells
story Of Shanghai pullet, that fell
through a covering into an unfinished
well, seventy feet deep. 1t was not con-
sidered worth while to look after it; but
after the lapse of twenty days, the
covering being removed, it was discover
yet alive. A boy was then lowered by a
rope, and biddy rescued from im2rison-
ment in her dungeon, where for so long
time she had been without food or
water.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

The temperature of He'll has exercised
the speculations of very many divines.
but we think the talentedsand eccentric
Burchard must take the palm for glow
ing illustration of the question. Burch-
ard once passing by furnace with the
illogical pupil. stopped and gazed into
the white heat Of the melted iron. Said
he. in hiS deep, solemn, musical voice,
do you wish to know how hot He'll is?
III tell you. He'll. is so much hotter
than the fiery furnace. that, supposing a
being who could live in Hell, should
jump thence into that furnace, he.would
freeze to death in FIVE minutes"
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

BEAUTIFUL CHARACTERISTIC OF BULBs.-
What is, in common language, termed a
bulbus root, is by Linneus designated
the hybernacle, or winter lodge of a young
plant. The bulbs in every respect re-
Semblc buds, except in being produced
under ground, and include the leaves and
flowers in miniature, which are to be ex-
panded in the ensuing spring. By eau
tiously cutting, in tho early spring,
through the concentric coats of tulip
root longitudinally from the top to the
base, and taking them off successfully,
the whole flower Of the next summers
tulip is beautifully seen by the naked eye,
with its petals, pistils, and stamen. The
flower exists in other bulbs in the same
manner-but the individual flowers of
others being less, they are not easily de-
tected, or so conspicuous to the naked
eve. In the buds of the daphne Meier
con, and in those of the hepatiea, and at
the base Of the osmunda lunaria, o per-
feet plant of the future year may be
found, complete in all its parts. This is
one of the most interesting phenomena in
the floral world.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

An ENTIcrSa GAME.-The following
old fashioned English game, which held
its own up to a late period, was thus
performed A gentleman put the end Of
a coil of string into his mouth, gallantly
presenting the other end to select young
lady; the duty of both was to absorb
the string with the lips, till by degrees
they approached each other, as if attract
ed by a magnetic influence, and kiss,
if one could be accomplished in spite Of
the mutual impeachment, concluded the
affair.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

Permit ms to advise you not to sell
your corn on the cob, but have it shelled,
and keep the cobs for your cattle. By
crushing and steaming the cobs. when
mixed with straw or hay, they make an
admirable mess for dry cattle. And il
aquart of meal be added to each, and
made into slop, q Mulch COW will thrive
well, and contribute generously to the
pail-AmericGR Farmer.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

,ANRcDorE OF BEAU HIcKMAx.-A pref
ty good story is related of Beau, in which
Major p, a jovial, whole-souled gentle
man. well known in our city, figured
quite couspicuously. AS it displays the
character Of the man, we will relate it as
near as possible. Beau was on the watch
to shed his coat, or in other words, to
discard his old clothing for that of more
approved style. He met his man-Maior
P-and that philanthropic individual, in
the fullness of his heart, plying the seedy
looking Beau, informed him that he was
about discarding the apparel he had on,
and requested him to visit his room, when
he might clothe himself anew. Beau
needed no urging, and was in the Majors
apartment in advance of the rightful &C.
cupant. Well, in due time the Major
had changed his suit. and Beau appeared
In a new uniform. He looked well; we
may say. he looked remarkably well. He
seemed to like his appearance, ana was
another man. As he was leaving to en-
joy a stroll on the Avenue, a thought
suddenly crossed his mind. Turning up
on his heel, with all the gravity of a
Judge, he approached the Major, and
viewing him from head to foot, suddenly
exclaimed, "Major, how will you trader"
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27
EosA kTEEkNsRRfP

TNHE undersigned have formed co-partner-
l. ship, under the firm of
LIKENS & BOYD,
As General Land and Real Estate Agents,
ST. JOSEPH, MO-,
and will give prompt attention to and every
branch of business pertaining to Neal Estate
Agencies as the Entry of Lands, in any
of the North Western States and Territories,
either by Land Warrants or by Money
We win also attend to the purchase and sale
ofimproved Real Estate, Town Lots, &C.
LAND WARRANTS BOUGHT AND SOLD.
Remittances by Land Warrants, or exchange
on some one of the principal cities, must accom-
pany all orders. JOHN H. LIKENS,
JOHN w. BOYD.
REFERENCES.
Hon. C. ]. Faulkner, of Virginia;
Hon. VIM. Hambleton, of Maryland;
VIM. NJ. Marshall, Esq, of Hagerstown Bank,
Maryland;
Henry M. Brent, Esq, Cashier VALLEY Bank
of Virginia.;
Cato Moore, ESQ.,, Cashier of Valley Bank,
Charlestown, Virginia;
D. Burkhart, Cashier of Bank of Berkeley,
Virginia;
Allen C. Hammond, M. D., Berkeley Co.,
Virginia;
Drakely & F0nton, Baltimore, Nd;
Josiah Lee & Co., Bankers, Baltimore;
Brown & Johnston. Bankers, Vicksbwgh,
Mississippi;
Ouddy, Brown & Co., New Orleans;
Jack & Bros, Louisville, KY;
Andrew Hunter, Esq., Charlestown, Va;
Jesse D. Slingluff, President Of Commercial
& Farmers Bank, Baltimore;
W. BOllman, General Superintendent Balti-
mere and Ohio Railroad;
Forsyth & Baker, Wheeling, Va;
Bella M. Hughes, St. Joseph, MOI
Silas Woodson,
Reuben Middleton,
Z. B. Webb, Carmi, ILL.,;
A. T. Stewart & Co., New York;
GAIA, Daton & Sloan,
June IS, 81, If.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

A GHOST IN LovE.-A farmer who had
lately become a widewer, was aroused at
midnight by the loud barking of his dog.
On going to it, the animal displayed ex-
treme terror, whereupon the farmer took
his gun, and proceeded to an inspection.
All at once he saw a phantom, clothed in
awhile sheet, rise behind the hedge. The
farmer turned deadly pale, and his limbs
shook with dismay. He, however, con-
trived to calculate: "If you come from
God, speak; if from the Devil, vanish!"
"Wretchl" exclaimed the phantom, al
am your deceased wife, come from the
grave to warn you not to marry Maria
A, to whom you are making love.
The only woman to succeed me, is Henri
eta B. Marry her, or persecution
and eternal torment shall be your doom!"
This strange address from the goblin, in
stead of dismaying the farmer, restored
his courage. He accordingly rushed on
the ghostly visitor, and, stripping off its
sheet, discovered the fair Henrietta B
herself, looking extremely foolish. 1t is
said that the farmer, admiring the girls
trick, has had the banns published for
his marriage with her.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

A Missouri editor announces that the
publication of his paper viii be suspend
ed for six weeks, in order that he may
visit St. Louis with load of bear skins,
hoop-poles, shingles, oak bark, picked
catfish, &C., which he has taken for sub
scription.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

Never trust secret with a married
man who loves his wife, for he will tell
her-she will tell her aunt Hannah-and
aunt Hannah will impart it, as a "pro-
found secret" to every one of her female
acquaintance
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

Here, fellow, hold this horse"
"DOes he kick ?"
Kick no; take hold of him."
docs he bite ?"
Bite no; take hold of the bride.
ssyp
Does it take two to hold him ,"
"Noi"
"Then hold him yourself"
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

The veteran Prince Metternich is at
this moment enjoying the sight of the
Rhine, and the more agreeable view of
his rich vineyards at johannesburg. where
he arrived in good health, on the 22d ult.
White Cloud Kansas chief. [volume] (White Cloud, Kan.) 1857-1872, 1857-08-27

The GRAvE1oF MADIsoN.-A bill has
been reported in the Virginia Senate, pro-
viding for the erection Of plain tomb Of
granite or marble, over the grave of
James Madison. 1t is a somewhat sim
gular and notifying fact, that up to this
time, no stone has marked the place where
rest the mortal remains of this illustrious
man