New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-08-04

10.
A. Zsn..".......... 300 At tattsre.. J"
Their Number mus; Low be a. Iess. 5,ooo.
Having found the crews, Napoleon looked out for the
harbor. of an Adriatic navy. Ths Ilyran provinces
we're acquired definitely by the treaty OF Vienna in
1909, but they had been occupied by French troops
since the battle Of Austertz, and Napoleon improved
the opportunity Of state OF war TO prepare the gres
works intended 10 be executed during peace In ieoo
NJ Beautemps- Beaupre, assisted by several engineers
and photographers of the French Navy was sent 10
survey the coasts of Istria and Dsmatia with view
of discovering the most suitable focus for the naval
foundation contemplated In the Adriatc. The wnoie
coast was explored and the attention Of tho engineers
finally stuck to tho harbor of Pola situated q. the
southern extremity Of the Istrisn Peninsula Inc
venetians, unwilling to fx the seat OF their naval
power anywhere but At Venice sef had not only neg
ected Pola but had anxously propsgated the opinion
tina. Pola was inaccessible to ships Of war on account
of q pretended bar. However, II. Beaupre ascer-
tanned that no such bar existed, and that Pola an
sHered all the conditions Of modern naval port. AT
different times had been the seat Of the naval forces
of the Adratic II was the center Of the naval opera
tons of the Romans during their Ilyrian and Psnno
man expeditions, and il became permanent naval
station under the Roman Empire. At different tine
il has been in the occupation Of the Genoese the Nene-
ans. and lastly of the Uskoks. Deep and capacious
in every part the harbor of Pola is defended in front
by islands, and in the rear by rocks which command
the position It's only disadvantage is the unhealth-
ness and the fevers which, as NJ. Beautemps-Beaupre
affirms, will yield to system Of drainage that has
hitherto not been applied
The Austrisns have been very slow in familiariAng
themselves with the notion of becoming naval power
Up to very recent period their naval administration
was, in their own eyes, merely branch OF their land
service colonel in the army had the rank of naval
captains lieutenant colonel, that of captain OF
frigate: major that of a captain of corvette; and
the equivalence in the rank s seemed to guarantee TO
the Austrians an equivalence in the services To make
midshipman they considered to have bit on the best
expedient by making him previously cornet Of hus-
sars The recruits Of the navy were levied in the Same
manner as the recruits for the armywith the only
difference that the provinces Of 1sria and Damsua
were allotted exclusively to the sea service The time
of service was equal viz: Eight years, either by land
or sea.
The separation of the two services, like all modern
progress in Austria is the result of the revolution OF
1913. In spite of the NapOleonan precedent, Venice
had remained up to 1913 the only arsenal OF Austria
The defects ofhe Venetian harbor had failed to strike
the Austrians because they had, in fact, no modern
navy at ALL Their naval force consisted OF but frg'
ates corvettes, briggs, sloops, 6 steamers, and 80
armed boat.--in all $50 guns. BY way Of furnishing
the Italian revolution the Austrans transferred from
Venice TO Trieste the naval school, the observatory,
the photographic Office the floating material and the
artillery park. The buldingyards and the stores re-
NAMED behind and thus by bureaucratic vengeance
the naval service was cut in two Instead OF venice
being punished both branches were deprived OF their
efficiency. Slowly the Austrian Government discov
cred that however excellent Trieste might be for
commercial harbor, it was unit for naval station Az
last they had to fall back the lesson Napoleon had
set up in the Adratic and to make POa the center OF
their naval administration. Quite in keeping with Aus
tran usage the first few years after this removal OF
their Admiralty to Pols have been employed in build
ing barracks instead of ship yards The system of de-
Tense reposes on the establishment of crossfre from
the islands at the entrance of the harbor with chain
of Macmillan towers to prevent ships from throwing
bombs into the harbor Beside its strategca advant
ages, Pola antwers the indispensable condition OF
good port viz of being able to provision good heet
Istris has oaks equd to Naples; Carnios, Carinthis
and Syria are nexhaustible in pines, which already
form the staple tunnage Of Trieste expoation Syria
is rich in from the hemp of Ancona has no more COM
modious outlet than Pola coal is hitherto received
from England, but the Dalnatian works at Sebenico
begin to yield better quality and when the Trieste
Vienna Railway opens, the best quality may be had
from Sommering All Istrian produce being grown
on achsky soil, endures long voyages. Oil is sbund'
ant Hung srian grain at hand, and pork in immense
quantities to be had from the Danuban valley That
pork goes now to Galatz and Hamburg, bat the rail-
way will bring it to Trieste and Pols.
To all these excellent bases for the revival Of the
naval power in the Adratc, there is only one draw
back-Austra ITSELF IT, with its present organization
and under its present Government, Austria were able
to found commercial and naval power in the Adriatc,
it would upset all the traditions Of history, which has
ever coupled maritime greatness with Freedom. On
the other hand it would upset Austrs to upset tradi'
ton.
SALE or IsDIAS TRUsr LASDs.-The Commissioner
of Indian Affairs received yesterday BY the Wes.el.
1attav from n SteyeDS esq.,, Supcrlu"