New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-08-17

rural districts witt the eesshore our dedrctons from
the chart VIII be confined to the months Of June July
and August and TO that portion OF the Atlantis stretch.
ing Along the cosst.
In the subdivisions between latitude 30o and 81
ard longitude 10 and 49, embracing the ses-coast
from ST. Augustine in Florida TO Cape Hstteras 10
North Carolina there were made nlnety.nlne ooscrVa
tons Of winds in the month Of June; OF these oryone
or ne ary one half from the south and south wes'
In July eighty.fon winds noticed Of which hity-
two came from the south and southwest; IN August,
hundred AID thirty eight, of which sixty came
from tue south and west -
In the subdivision embracing latitude IS 70 10 and
longitude 70o to-l5o, extending from Cape Ha'tefss
TO Cold Spring. n. j., three hundred and MY wnds
we're observed in the month of June, OF which one
hundred and for.y-three were from the south ana
south west in July three hundred and TED, OF whicn
one hundred and sixteen came from the SCUM ana
southwest; in August three hundred anc si1ty'siN,
Of hicb hundred aud twentythree were from he
came directions.
In the subdivision between latitude 40 and As
longitude 10 and 75', embracing Long Island Sound
and the southern expanse OF the N-w-England coast,
in June two hundred and thrtyoEe winds were noted
of which one hundred and eight from the south
and south west in july three hundred aad eight. Of
which one hur dred ard sixty from those direc-
tons; and in August hundred and eighty three OF
which sixty were from the south and south west.
These are the facts. The deductions from them are
important. II appears from these observahors that
of the prevailing winds in the summer months never
less than third, ard in many instances onehaK
come from the south and southwest. Il must be re-
marked that the winds Ioted were sailing winds with
sone degree OF force, and not the eight ufiing wind,
which, although insufficient fr the purpose OF RAPID
aiirg is vet most grateful in its effect upon the health
ARD comfort Of those ccumstanced a. TO come with
in its range. The usua direction this lighter breeze
on the Atlantic in the summer months Is from south
and southwest drectlyover the current Of warm water
composing the Gulf Stream. The winds tom this
quarter are foT the most part gentle. bamy exhla-
rating and peculiarly happy in theirnfuence upon the
human body those from the north and east, on Tue
and ey1re sein
former should be coarted by the invalid, the latter
should be as sedulousy avoided.
II by no means follows that the wind on the shore
is tie same as that upon the ocean: very slight
obstruction intervening range OF hills or ndent-
alton Of the coast may leave any particular situation
in calm, or subject TO the influence OF less grateful
wind while the whole surface OF the water is swept
BY a delightful air from the south or south west An
essmp'e of this may be given in the highlands OF
Neyer.nk, situated short distance from Neversnk
and Immediately behind the lighthouse on Sandy
Hook point These Highlands, whose sides are COW
cred to the waters edge by rich growth of vegeta-
ton. and are highly picturesque in their effect are
shut off from the touth-westerly ocean winds by
small promoIry, the efec. OF which Is TO render the
air upon the sheltered localities calm and oppressive,
while on the candy point directly n 'front.' and scarcely
more than stones throw distant, IL is agitated by
balny and refre shiDg breeze
The traveller over the New. York and Ne.Haven
or New-I ondon Railways, which pursue an eastery
course along the Long Island Sound, cannot fail to
remark the peiceptible difference almost always
observed III the temperature after leaving New Haven
for the east However exalted the temperature may
have been or oppressive the condition ct the amos
pbere. between New York and New-liayen, yet he
"a almost certain TO be met by delightful ocean alr
from the southwest, few miles east OF Newhayen
md which accom- panes him on his passage to New
London. This is due TO the confeufation OF Long
Island. .,,,.
rises into elevations OF greater OF less extent Out SUI
ciently so at most places to intercept the sweep OF
wind from the ocean on ITS southern border; lnese
elevations gradually diminish in an esstery direction
| until point is reached a few miles east OIL New"
Haven. where the whole island becomes Hat and
,sndy and but O few miles in width. This low
plateau offers but slight interruption to the progress
Of the tou,bery winds and allows them to play
over the surface OF the water IN the Sound itse anu
| fan the opposite New England coast.
The islands Of the coast OF South Carohna as we"
| az the coast of North Carolina, Virginia and New
e.nanse Within these limits found Old Point
| Comfort, Cape May and Long Branch, which have
great celebrity seaside places, and attract large
| numbers of visitors. Each OF these places is SUP
iect however the depressing effects OF the north
essterly gales the more southerly points are less
| Effected from this cause than the more northern
The whole stretch Of Long Island on lts southern
which is at present. with but few exceptions, lit
tie better than inhOspitabe sand bar drtted up
from tie of the oceanfhat portion OF the Con-
neoticut coast to which we have alluded east OF New
Haven ar wen as Rhode Isani and part OF Massa-
chus.tts er 10Y in the highest degree the advantage oil
exposure TO the south and southwest and are at the
same time beet protected from the winds from the
moi Tia east. Newport, with many Disadvantages, not
the least Of which the cOmpactness Of lis houses and
their almost total exclusion from sea vew enjoys
| worldwide reputation as seasice residence, Tor
which is wholly indebted to the saluony oil It's ar
derived from its sheltered position on The one sue ana
| lie free expanse upon the otter.
| Many sheltered positions may doubtless be found
mon the coast south Of Long Island uniting many II
not all of the Advantages already pointed out, when
is earnestly 10 be hoped will be discovered and i'm
| moyed. The advantage Of seaside resorts In such
r. ons as to render them available for those whose
oecupation or do not permit them 10 take long
ioui1eys cannot be too highly estimated.
| GEOLOGY.
Prof RAMSAY in the chair.
Il. SrrHRY HusT read paper containing General
Con, ideratiops on the Metamorphism Of tue Sed
nen,ary Rocks" lie said that the fact which forms
the point Of departure for the history of the meta
uo,b;c rocks is this: That the sedimenary strata,
common TO different geological formations may, under
c.,.ain conditions be converted into crystalline rocks.
One Of the most important results Of modern geolog
cnl research has shown that the crystalline salts OF
various regions are straiigrap hicaly identical with
ural,ered sediments of Slurian, DevoDian, and even
of later secondary age although regarded as prmive
rocks by the biologists of the last generation. Dir.
Hunt observed that have berde those sedimentsry
roeks Of mechanical origin which composed Of the
rp;n of felspathc rocks and quarzOse rocks others
of organic origin, ard finally deposits Of limestone,
dolomite. magnesite carbonstes and oxide of iron,
and manganese. These chemical deposits are often
MINGLED with those of mechanical origin. He CON-
tended that dry beat, producing fusion of the .ed-
ments. cantot be admitted to explain toe changes
which tLey have BEEN found to have undergone,
from the fact that such temperature was nco npati.
he with the existence Of alkaline scaes and graphite
in tie limestone The il fuence of hot water alone is
equally insdmssibe, Tor the silica being dissolved by
water before it could act upon the bases, should
rites rendered yifreous crystalline