M'arthur Democrat. (McArthur, Vinton County, Ohio) 1853-1865, 1857-08-27
Facts from History.

Inc oaX0nS flrSt introduced arcne-
ry in the time of Voltigeur. 1t was
dropped Immediately after the con-
quest, but revived by the crusaders,
who probably derived itfrom the Par
thians. Bows and arrows as weap-
ons OF war were in use with stone
cannon balls so late as 1910. tits
singnlar that all the statutes for tho
encouragement ofarchery were framed
after the invention of gunpowder and
firearms. Yew-trees were encouraged
in ckurch-yards, for the making of
bows in 1442. Hence their irequen-
cy in church yards in England.
Coats of arms came into vogue in
the reign of Richard l., of England,
and became hereditary in families
about the year 1892. They took their
rise from the knights painting their
banners with different figures to dis
tinguish them in the crusades.
The first standing army Of modern
times was established by Charles VII,
of France, in 1445. Previous to that
time, the king had depended upon his
mobiles for contingencies in time OF
war. A standing army was first es-
tabli8hed in England in 1853 by
Charles l., but it was declared ille-
pal as we'll as the organization of the
guards, in 1879. The first perma-
nent military band instituted in Eng
land, was by the yeOman Of the guards,
established in 1856.
Guns were invented by Swartz, a
German, about 1873, and were bro't
into use by the Venetians in l3S2.-
Cannon were invented at an anterior
date. They were first used in the
battle Of Cressy, in 1916. In England
they were first used at the seige Of
Berwick, in 1905. 1t was not until
1544, however, that they were cast in
England. They were used on board
ofships by the Venitians in 1889, and
were in use among the Turks about
the same time. An artillery compa.
ny was instituted in England fol
weekly military exercises in 1910.
Insurance OF ships was first prac'
ticed in the reign ofCesar, in 45. II
was q general custom in Europe il
1894. Insurance Offices were first es
tablished in London in 1867.
a atronemy was first studied by tn
Moors, and was introduced into Eu
rope in 1901. The rapid progress o
modern astronomy dates from thC
time Of Copernicus. Books ofastron
omy and geometry were destroyed, as
infected with magic, in England, I'M
der the reign OF Edward W., in 1862
Banks were first established by
Lombard Jews in Italy. The names
is derived from 6an0O, bench-ben
ches being erected in the market pla
ces for the exchange of money, &c
The first public bank was at Venice
about 1850. The bank of England
was established in 1895. In 1893, its
notes were at 20 per cent. discount.
The invention Of bells is attributed
to Paulinus, Bishop of Nola, in Cam
pania, about the year 400. They
were first introduced into churches as
defence against thunder and light
ming. They were first hung np il
England at Croyland Abbey, Lincoln
shire, in 945. In the eleventh anC
later, it was the custom to baptis'
them in the church before they werC
used. The curfew bell was establish
ed in 1868. 1t was rung at eight il
the evening when people were obliged
to put out their light and CANDLE
The custom was abolished in l1OO.-
Bellmen were appointed in London il
1856, to ring the bells at night, ant
cry, "Take care of your fire and can
die, be charitable to the poor, ant
pray for the dead"
How many are aware of the origil
of the word 'boo!' used to frighteI
children 2 1t is a corruption Of tn
word Bob, the name of fierce Goth
General. the son of Odin, the mentio
of whose name spread panic anon
his enemies.
Book keeping was first introduce
into England from Italy by Peele
1869. 1t was derived from a systel
of Algebra published by Burgo
Venice.