The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1857-10-30

by him on this subject in the Senate OF u
United States, appealing to the Senators
both North and South In regard to the teri
tory of New Mexico, his language was, 90
is conceded by evcrybody-ev1yoody- this
If the people Of New Me1,co choose to sur
press the institution Of slavery in tha. terr
tory, there is no power to rc-cstabllsh
against their will, and they have done tim
already" (Applause.) That was the Ian
guagc OF Mr.. Webster after his speech Of th
7th Of March-as late a. the Goth Of July
1850 have also here tho declaration Q
Mr.. Buchanan upon the same subject. b.
But beforoI allude to his language vii
speak Of the language Of the only man from
whom this new, this revolutionary .doctrin
has been derived. allude to Mr.. Calhoun
to whom / have been referred, as o membe
Of the Cabinet Of Mr.. Monroe. In 1920 h
gave written approval Of tho claim b,
Congress Of this power. More than that
he voted for two resolutions in the Senate O
the United States, introduced by Mr.. Clay
one ofwhich recognized indirectly the power
Of Congress to prohibit slavery in the terri
tory Of Florida, and the other recognized
the same power in Congress in regard to the
District of Columbia: but in both cases
declared against the exercise Of that power,
and inconsistent with the duty Of tho Uni
tod States to the people Of the Territory and
the District. Mr.. Calhoun voted for both ;
and therefore he assented to the power Of
the government to prohibit the institution
of slavery in the territories. rrm.
But when we came in possession Of Now
Mexico where the people had by local law
prohibited tho institution Of slavery, and
therefore tho power Of Congress was an i'm.
material matter whether they could or
could not do it-because the people had
acted upon it themselves-then it was that
Mr.. Calhoun proclaimed new doctrine
not only that Congress had no power, but
that the people Of q territory had no power,
and that every man had q right to carry his
property and his slaves there under the flag
of the Union, and under tho Constitution |;
and It was to that declaration that Mr.. Web
stcr had reference in the language have
quoted, and Mr.. Clay responded in the words
| have read. "| .|' ..f. ... .t H
Mr.. Calhoun was the only man, up to
the year 1913, who had made o declaration
of this opinion. II was not the doctrine of
Mr.. Buchanan, for have here bis language
when he accepted the nomination for the
Presidency in 1856. In his letter OF accept.
ance he used these words: ..
"This legislation is founded upon princi.
pies as ancient as free government itself, and
in accordance with them has simply declared
that tho people ofa Territory, like those Of
a State, shall decide for themselves, whether
Slrery shall or shall not eria riihin their
imits." ...- ..
Here have another authority-less im.
portant officially, and coming from a man
not publicly connected with tho government
of the country, yet with vast amount oil
information, and with on analytic power on
constitutional questions second to no man
who has written upon the principles and
policy of the government Of this country
read from Mr.. Brownson, who speaks for
the Irish and Catholics Of this country, and
published in the January number of his
Review" Mr.. Brownson'slan-
guasc is explicit, as follows: He is giving
his advice to Mr.. Buchanan, and underta.
king to speak, rs I said. for the American
and Isish Catholics. 81 H..
ave do not, in asking the administration
to discountenancc the slavery extension par.
ty, ask it to interfere positively to prevent
the extension OF slavery to new territory,
but not to interfere to favor it. Slavery can
not extend legally beyond the present slave
&C. &C. ,..;,,.u, Mo no.;,;.e oc,i6r or N,
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