San Andreas independent., 1857-10-10

tree, almond, and other fruits; they are grown
ID such immense quantities, that hundreds OF
vessels lind employment in transporting them
to all parts of the world and here, N Callfor-
MIA, where all these fruits ofthe Levant can be
grown 10 the utmost perfection, the foreign
product is found in every fruit shop in the
State.
At several of the old Missions are to be
found fig and olive trees planted by the old
Padres; and there are also beautiful groves OF
orange, lemon, and pomegranate, at Santa Bar
bara, Los Angeles, and San Diego, where the
fruit is raised in high perfection; the fig, the
olive, and the almond, can be raised in Cali
forna not only in sufficient quantities to sup
ply our own wants, but the wants of the
United States. This is matter well worthy
the attention, not only of the horticulturalist,
but the farmer. The increased value of q
farm which, in addition to the fruit trees COM
monty grown, had few hundred fig, olive,
and almond trees, would be very great. There
is much good sense in the advice given by the
old Scotch miser to his son, lin one of
Walter SCOTS novels "when ye are doing
naething else, be a-setting out tree; 1t will
grow when.ye are sleeping"
ln the cultivation of trees, the farmer and
horticulturalist not only consult their pecunl-
ary interests, and provide grateful shade
from the summer sun, besides gratifying the
love for the ornamental and beautiful In nature
but also obey the laws of Hygiene, for it is
new an established truth, that certain locations
are secured from mlasmate influence, by the
Intervention of trees and plants. The obser-
vations and experiments made by Lieutenant
Maury (who has perhaps rendered more aid to
the cause of science than any man lving) are
we'll worthy of consideration and attention
by those living where ague and fever is pre-
valent.
Intelligent, well.informed Frenchmen, Ger
mans, Italians and Spaniards, all unite in saying
that there is no country of the Mediterranean
or of the interior of Europe, better adapted
to the cultivation of the vine, and the manu-
facture of wine and brandy, than California
that it has equally as good climate and natur
ally better soil, we can make in Californis
equally as good wine as in sunny France, The
Island of Madeira, or on the Rhine, the wine;
and brandies and adulterated compounds. tha
come to US in the shape of rum, gin and othe
ardent names, cost us more gold than all tht
quartz mills in the State yeld--already atten
tion is being paid to the manufacturing of wine
and enterprising men are embarking in tn,
business with all the knowledge, information
and energy, necessary to ensure succeSs-by
many it is believed that if wine was a common
drink, there would be less intemperance- the.
have a saying in France, more wine NOR
work, more wine, more soberty" whether truth
ful or not,m en- will drink wine and hav
drank it in .ail ages the descendants of n oal
have followed his example, and planted vim
yards in all countries, where the soil and eli
mate were favorable If we must have wine
let US have the pure juice of the grape, it woulC
be even some consolation to a man, who whel
dying from the effects of drinking too mucl
of pure wine, to have it to reflect on that sh
was not poisoned with strychnine, or othe
noxious drugs 1t is well known that there i
more so called Madeira drank in the Unitet
States annually, than is made in any one yea
on the Island of Madeira there is more 81
called Champagne drank annually n Calor
MIA, than is made in any one year in the pro
vince OF Champagne in France. The cultiva
tion of the vine was commenced about twenty
: five years ago, in Cincinnati, Ohio and owe
two thousand acres are now ln cultivation G
the vine at that place; the Sparkling Catawb
, is fashionable drink with our American ep
cures and arstocrats and Mr.. Longwortf
who first introduced the cultivation of the win
and the manufacture of wine, is now million
aire New York City, however, contain
within its limits by far the largest manufat
; tory of wine in the United States, and pre-
duces more varieties than even France itself
it furnishes in the greatest abundance Por
Madeira, Tenerff, Malaga Hook, and Chan
pagne, and can, at short notice, manufacture
Lachrvma, Chrsta Faleran, or Johannisberg
1t should be the business of California, withi
the next five or ten years at the farthest, t
dispense with wine altogether, or produce
s themselves, and not be dependent upon a Ne'
York vineyard. The raisin grape, in all pre-
liability, will find soil and climate in Califol
MIA congenial for its culture, particularly i
the southern portion of the State, and its pre-
ducton would add materially towards retair
ing portion of the gold our mines produce
We have country, too, peculiarly favora
BILE TO the raising of sheep and the productio
of wool. In many respects, California is a;
simulated to Spain, from whence originate
, the merino sheep and no doubt exists that a
the fine qualities of wool can be produced her
equally as well as in Spain or any other cour
try. In Spain there is a privileged company
composed principally of the nobility, who hav
the right of pasturage granted them on eac
side of the highway for hundreds of miles, an
there are ten millions of sheep which ar
driven every year from the south of Spain t
the north, in summer, and on the approach {
winter are driven back again, to the south
In California every man is a pobeman, an
would have the privilege of doing the same
he sees fit, and would not be obliged to pay
cent for pasturage.
, The wealth of Vermont consists mainly i
her sheep, but in Vermont, it requires fror
ten to twelve tons of hay to keep an hundre
sheep during the winter, and they must b
; fed some grain; that expense in California
saved On the great prairies of the Wester
States, food and shelter has to be provided fo
sheep, during the winter season, which take
the labor of the Shepherd for FIVE or six month;
so that it is evident, that in California the ex
pense of raising wool Saying nothing of th
first of the Sheep is ten fold less than it is il
the older States. The finest qualities of woo
are grown in Australia, and Australia send
to England forty millions of pounds of WOO
annually, the business was only commence
there about folty-fve years ago, and is nov
J second to no other. The market for her woo
is by transportation of more than half th