The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-05-17

branch routes from all the ports bet
o Tra,,sS al point nearly ns wa"
impossible for any traveller from Central
Asa TO approach 0enburg without passing two, at least
OF the Russian forts .
In the great expedition underas agans, Khiva in the
winter of lss9o, three our,hs OF the lost For
the failure r. this expedition Peroiski removed from
his post, though subsequently restored No SINH hos
tie moeemen has suto been attempted. But In 1851
mtion was sent by the RUSSIANS to Khiva IL intend
ed as Hilary raradc to remove any impress ION Of
weakness that their former failure had lef.
change introduced during the last summer Gs66) by
Peros INTO the Military Academy Of Orenburg, deserves
mention French and German, which used to be taught
M In other similar csab shmens throughout tho empire
were discontinued, aud Pcrsian, Arabic and Tartar
taught In their place This Is suggestive aud should
be pondered upon BY Western statesmen and politicians
NAPOLEoN's POLICY II onINA-nIs AID 70 ENGLAND
CONDEMNED.
despatch from Paris of April n Gays The French
has decided Ia said Ia best quarters on
xss more par asrs e Snse1e war than was u
ready for mme iaie embarkaon q small expedi
force Of GOO mep with everything requisite FOR Geld
The Goxue de France condemns the contemplated attack
on China In these terms
The nrst origin this the conquest made by Eng
land of important positions In the Celestial Empire during
the dispute produced by the refusal of the Emperor to al
By the merchants Of British india To preserve theso
positions and extend Them, in order 70 favor the
sas OF British msrchsnd,ss Is the object o. inc pre-
bors calls for this war but justice and right their
sdef Tho love Of conquest ndnlged In by monarchs
asserted that the ambition Of poenates has proved
of evil TO humanity that unjust aggrcmons, nvs
Of territory have introduced into society contempt OF
right and OF moraly-have perpetuaed and jusded
revolutions All this rs true; but in this kings not
NH ssaps ~ es ~ a.
barsm. but the avidty Of speculation Tho political re-
suits OF this viii doubtless bs very great for our
peighbors, who will acquire fresh markets In this mpor
tant centre OF consumption. Nevertheless, cannot
wage without teaching ts secrets to the enemy has
been already remarked that the Chinese less innocent
Of the art Of murder than In 1872 When their education
sha have been completed by the battles which will
on Of nsaSisns may wish 70 exercise some influence on
the destinies Of Europe and not mpoesi bio that
ant h which has kept e sOeS during
tweny centuries We did not gain much by seeking the
Russians in Moscow the AustTans ia Vienna and the
the Chinese In Canton and Pekin This question merits
some reflection.
| CANTON CITY, ITS FORTS, POPULATION AND PIRATES
WHAT ENGLAND WOULD GAIN By ITS DEsTRUC-
TION-oPIUM EATING DEFENDED.
The Royal Geographical Society OF England met In Lon
don the 9th Of April the President Sir MURnsos,
| in the chair.
Dir j. +. DAVIS read lengthy paper Canton and It's
forts All troubles, since the late war, had been At
Canton, which, however, had escaped chastisement
and justice and humanity towards the pepula OF the
northeast Of the Canton river, that II lesson is 70
right quarter Canton The Of all grievances
leave Canton % itself, ~ bad done be-
FORE the other provinces, which were really unonendng
would with justice complain Of our addressing our
selves 10 those who had offended uhe Cantonese being
really the Of all the nsoleocss pracii.ed towards
the British people Moreover there nothing 10 lose
| In the capture and occupation OF Canton Hong Kong
being capable Of supplying as . with all We reau,s
| Hong Kong about n nautical miles; WhamPoa was
sbou. miles below the provincial city, which was
the Canton the Bogue FORTS which, in appear
ance, very formidable, though In reality they had
the the" e, OF the river was long battery, on Tiger
Island other defence occurred until tho rst Bar
ss the
point called The Barrier where there were about six bat
s and Sne,s ns two divided 10 Of e uo
Tor the absurd plan upon which the defenccs built
The remaining deences on actually reaching Canton were
FIRST the French Folly fort formerly tho east OF tho
city, blu, vhich bad been blown up and destroyed by Hr
aynoss; maxi, Tie Red Fort, and anOther called the
ne Macon Fort and the Birds Nest battery, little higher
the ies bank. Sir NJ Seymour temporarily leaving
placed his shps within signal distances Of each all
down The defensibe portion OF the river, 10 avail
Considerable dinlculty occasioned BY numerous
| creeks and ine's existing along the river from
whence the Chinec pirates or whom there cousi-
dcrabo NUMBER might send out IRE rafs with impnniy.
The species Of vefses most wanted according " the last
sccounis were gunboats follow these to their ro
treats arr destroy their means Of carrying on hse prao
tees. Almost every Chine'e anoat near Canton pr
ruoyng Canton would be the rddpg the river OF these
pirates The for those men srmng their vessels IL
that Of self defence against raies Both the Internal and
l
favor the progress Of colony, Hong Kong, wh'h
contains 10000 Chinese inhabitants, having
sonaly leo European ships in the harbor, which
one Of the finest in the world Leaving Hong Kong,
| st q distance OF 2s1 miles Annoy the harbor Of
trade; the chief objection TO the port being the small
trading capital possessed by the aave merchants Then
came KIN ,ohoc Ming po The sand Of Gaasan 1s, and
only Of the whole distance along the coast 10 Pekp sbang
hal place Of trade had far exceeded nil expectation,
having oubrpped Canton the troubles that
had there In or It's having taken
by party OF rebels some years The position there
Of The British very different from that Canton
ing obtained far Than treaty rights In fact the
British subjects had been allowed 70 forfy the place. and
IN his Car Davis opinion, the best Of showing the
Chinese that their territory but their trade tina,
gre wanted, would be To reduce ths fordcauops at the
,s .v t ss Ssm' WAN SaRs a
gard 10 the great rebellion which abstracts the Chinese En-
pre- he said there could be doubt that the existing
| surrecdon In China was The result OF with
that country TIE number OF robbers and criminal
Citations very great the army having recovered
they cab the late war. The condition OF the Chine
military people had but little, anything improved during
me CHArRsAs moved vote Of thanks 10 y Davis
| HE interesting paper, and invited discusson upon IT,
Mr. CRAwruRD said, though he had been In China
he had lived for period amongst Chinese
people They knew that China very pepuious
Try but there had been some mistakes about the extent Of
| im population. II not, A. supposed, the moa
densely populated country in tho worldnot much So
indeed as Grca, Britain and Ireland With regard W the
emigration from China, caused mainly by the pro
lection srcrded 10 Chinese emigranb by the Earopesn
governments, and especially by our owp government
which bad encou aged them TO settle. They
posed 81 In The pro,e OF Mo-pots boy an old
| man 10 be among them. Chinese women never
emiersied; and a. good Tor 10 be alone,
supposed that this absence OF ueir osn country
n great Of the turbulence and Ill oon
/ drct Of the men Every Chinese expcts TO
turn home nj time o'her, although the
| majority never did They In the Eastern
Ilancs exceedingly industrious and well doing PEG
pie, and be had experienced the slightest iocon-
vtnence from their miscoaduct-n fact, he hal rccev
ed assistance from them IN cascs Of emergency. u had
ssd Chinese consprng against wherever
they we're found possession otherwse but this
he believed be entirely without foundation. lie then
proceeded refer length 10 the import and expor,
trade of China He said there great article o.
import into China-nsmcy, opium about which much had
been sad bat Ne oonaidered far lu inurois han
arsenf tfrffs British Chnce lie bad good
thority Tor this saiement-thai q ur BENJAMIN Brodc
His words the effect hdf opium scotA>s h<