The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-10-18

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scarcely perceived, and ils utter want Of somme
daion necessary to the abode OF q great monarch
cannot be denied rbe TUT cries is simply long,
narrow corridor, Of which the pavilion de 1 hostage,
comprisiI the hall OF she marsoais, Is the entire
depth, whereas for proper symmetry and conve-
nience two'fold depth and height are necessary.
Our &c. Psssrsburg Correspondence.
ST.. PETERSBURG, Sept Is. 1857.
The Reduction Of the Russian Army Reorganisa.
ton of the Russian Macy Plethora Of Specie
IN Russia Railroads and other Public Work.
&C., &c.
There has been coed deal of talk lately in the
French and German papers about great reductions
that have been made in the Russian army, and still
greater ones that are contemplated. 1t has been
stated that even the Guards have been, or to be-
reduced by no less than 80 900, and the regiments Of
the line in proportions and this is quoted as an un-
deDable proof of the pacific disp ,sition of Alexan.
der IL, which is met by similar sentiments on the
part of Napoleon III. Now, there can be no ques.
uon about Louis Napoleon's being an enthusiastic
lover of peace, having insuRurated his reign by the
celebrated dictum, "fEmpre c'est la pair," which
immediately preceded the breaking out of one ofthe
most bloody wars that has ever desolated Europe.
AS for own Emperor, really believe that he is as
peaceably inclined as ever q Quaker could de-
sire; like his father, be has no military talent,
but unlike him he has not even military tastes, and
left to himself he would shut the temple of Janus
forever and devote himself entirely to the internal
improvement of his dominions. But he is encon-
passed by men whose views and feeliogs are very
different to his, the chief of whom is his own
brother, Constantine and although an absolute
30 a f.oS al no
not break through, and a public opinion which he
cannot disregard. There have certainly been great
reductions in the army, but only such as always
take place after the termination OF a war in which
the military establishment has been greatly in
creased. Up to the year 1854 the Russian army
Sas composed as follows The Imperial Guard, ader
he command of the hereditary Grand Duke (the
presen. Emperor), consisting of divisions, or IL
regiments of infantry, of 8 battalions each; bat
tslons of carsblbeers, piooeers, and riaemen; 8
divisions IL regiments of cavaly, of squadrons
each, and ore division OF artillery-in all about
SIS 900 men, with $50 pieces of cannon. The Grena-
oiers, consisting of divisions or IL regiments Of
battalion OF Iifemen, one division or four
regiments of light horse, OF eight squadcons
each-in all 54 900 men and l36 guns. Tue grand
army, under the command OF the late Marshal Pas
kievitch consisting Of six corps, each composed Of
three divisions, or twelve regiments Of infantry Of
four battalions each, one battalion Of sappers,
one Of rifles, one division or four regiments
of light horse, OF eight squadroos each. and l36
guns-about 1875 900 meu in all. The heavy csvsly,
consisting of two divisions Of Gu rassiers, txo Of
dragons, two Of hulers, 6cin all about IS 900 men
rne army OF 1.-THE Caucasus-four divisions or sixteen
regiments Of infantry, ten Georgian bat'aions,
ten Chernowosky batteries. two regiments OF ORA
gooDs. eight regiments of Mahometan cavalry, &c.
in all. near 10000 mer. A division of infantry
of sixteen battalons IN Finland, another in Pes
burg. and third in Siberia. The Cossacks, nun
Der unknoHn. Beside this standing army, there
vas a reserve composed OF the Fourth battalion of
the regiments OF Guards, the fifth aud sixth Of the
Grenaoiers and the line, and two squadrons to each
regiment Of cayalry-makirg altogether about
100000 men. TIE first step taken after the CON
mencement OF hostiIites the calling out Of this
reserve; and subsequently second reserve WAS
formed, composed of two battaons to every
regiment OF infantry, and as many squad
rons to every regiment of cavalry, and
ordered through ,ut the Empire, OF watch, how
ever, only small portion had assembled when the
Congress OF Paris put step - further arma ments.
TIE first step after the cone usicn Of peace was the
dismissal OF the militia The second reserve not
disbaDded till after the coronation of the Emperor
SIS for the first il had been mostly employed to Oil
up the gaps made In the standing army, aud ques-
ion whether there were many left to enjoy che fur
Tough that was subsequently EXTENDED u them.
Thus, the present status of the Russian army Is
exactly the same a. it before the war, ex lept
that the ten bataions Of ridemen formerly existing
have been increased to twenty-four, and that two
new regiments Of infantry (Crmea ano Sebastopol)
and two reg nents Of dra goons have been formed to
reinforce the army in the Caucacus IL is not i'm
possible that the third battalion Of the Guards,
and the fourth battalion Of the line will re-
ceve a limited furlougb, bu. this caunot in
reality be termed reduction of the army,
as they can be called oack again to the ranks
AT moments notice. La the distribution
Of the troops considerable alterations have been
made; several corps that we're previously stationed
in the south have been removed TO the interior OF
Russs ei her to relieve those provinces t,at have
suffered most from the effects of the war; or becaue
their presence in that quarter Is not considered
quiste just now The garrison of Poland has been
reduced 20 single corps, aud the runors OF great
concentration OF troops taking place the Austrian
frontier are exaggera ed. The military force Ia ST.
IBERIA has been augmented by the raising II several
regiments Of Cososck whJ occupy the territory late
~ acquired on The Amoor, aud may perhaps be EN-
poyed for operations against the Celestial empire.
The navy Is undergoing thorough reorganization
under the auspices Of Grand Duke Constantine.
The sailing vessels are beiDg gradually replaced
by screw ships OF the line and fdgate-, aud che
old admirsls and captains have to make way for
younger and more active men. Particular At
tent n is paid to the Caspian aotila, which has
recently received new commander IN the person
OF Rear Admiral Masnin, and has ia principal
station near hstrabad on the coast OF Persia where
an island has been ceded 10 Russia tor that purpose
by the Shah. We have news from the Caucasus up
TO the end Of last month, which, however, contains
nothing OF importance. The wariike operations there
appear 10 be dwindled down to mere cattle lifting
in which the mountameers display considerable ex
pertness, though they seldom succeed In getting of
with their booty.
While every mail brings accounts Of financial
calsmities IN the west OF Europe, which hare con-
strained even the Bank Of England TO raise ts dis
count to an almost unpre Jedented height, We are
isboring here upder such plethora OF money tina,
the Minister OF Finance has thought proper TO re
duce the interest deposits in the government bank
from four TO three per cent This will induce many
yeople 70 look out for m re lucrative investments
and thus excite that spirit Ct speculation, tue alb
sence Of which " remarkable in Russia a. Its
ia Other psrs rapdity With rncn the shares
Of the Black Sea steam Navigation Company and
those of the Crest Railway Company were disposed
Of, sho~ed plainly ensugt that there was no afk Of
capital Ia this ,untry; the misfortune is that our
rich boy ards and mer hants o. not know how q
make a profitable use Of a. With little Of that GO
ahead ism that distinguishes America they woul
have covered the ~h0le country with a net ~ rail
ways long before no~; hut Is excessively diic III
20 get ideas mo their heads, aod even the sue
cess pf the two great schemes ia a mentipnsd l.