Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1857-03-06

Ieff TO bn1 the roads through that region eI Asat
try. The Illinois Central Railroad Company, insisa
Of getting S25o acre, as understand, has realiz
ed, readily realize, from eight to twelve aohr
per acre average Of the lands granted hy Con
gress.
The State of Illinois by the policy which she hai
pursued, secures 10 herself seven per cent OF Tie
gross receipts OF that road aud its branches forever
In consequence Of that one grant the people OF tha'
State, rs the present debt Of the State shali
be paid of will be released from taxation forever Ut
less they conceive great scheme for developing
the resources of thtr State, for which there seems
TO be no further need They have all the raii-
roads they want presume the Legislature Of Iowa
have adopted the same policy IN regard TO the Tour
roads running upon almost parallel lines through
that State for which granted land at the last ses-
sion.
We can now sec and appreciate the vast adsania-
ges which The states derive from this policy oil
granting lands aid in the construction ofralroads
The grants have been made source Of rerenneo the
States to exempt the people OF those states from tai
alton for the support Of their governments probably
forever These great benefits, aud we are contn-
uing bestow them without any adequate or CORE
spending benefits 10 the States which have no pub
! lie domain.
take DO notice of those eighty millions in the
innate Of the amount Of lands and money which might
be fairly claimed b. the old States 10 place them
footing Of equality with the land States take
eeptioa to, and claim equivalent for, the mnnih
cent donations for the support Of education for mill
iary roads the five per which has been a.
lowed TO TIE new States upon the receipts from the
sales Of public Lands within their limits !, is in
gard 70 the grants ofaIternae sections Of public lands
ior railroads and canals, amounting, suppose, TO
some twenty-five millions Of acres. that | propose
some equivalent, though hr short Of full and just
appoftionmcui TO the other States | will show you
what an enormous amount would be required 10 do
conf leie sce = the cd States taking the railroad
aud canal grants alone the basis Of the estimate
an amount so large thati would not think Of making
a proposition Qpoa such basis.
To Iowa which has only four Representatives in
the Two Houses ofcongress say - 600 600 worth of
psslic lands have beea granted, estimating them at
= Al acc, though believe the amount is greater.
In the same rate Nev York, would be entitled to
thiriy-siI millions. Take the Illinois graft and
u shat inogth that would lead Illinois has
eleven Representative. in the two Houses, and she
has received say fur million dollars worth # lanls.
Ncw / ork, In tie same ratio, would be entitled to
twelve au3 half millions Of dollars. Il may be that
the quantity Of land grtn'et TO those States may be
eFen greh'ef-sa2 ase millions
ST. VI cannot - an appropriation even for TIE
purpose ot making survey. 70 ascertain the practical
bltF Of improving he feeders - that great natural
canal. u nlio f.fef. from r.tisbarg 10 its mouth,
fzAfers.o- line ri county thousand miles in
tent Ar~oriias - The rigorous policy adopted ~
,l9st sh' control lie policy II the Government, &c
caaup; 9 great - au acre Il land eqniva-
Test fal1c 10 maneF - clear oft the annual obsruc
i5aas i9ru ty he ffesAes in the Mississippi. The
tfaus eAu which drains one AMI halt millions Of
f5szre 70. "a eaaatrT occupied b fifteen million
r. iAa' gfsat 81 land az money or that object
= fs8 20 De- Buraastta tiouhl but il = perfectly
stltagual io eraaf Hat5'- lands - Illinois, hy which
sasIz allie DO eIeafl her people forever from taxa-
tau--reee Jag annually >iiaaa5 or Sljo99p. an
aag7si - -h. i#a.elaasly appliel would keep the
S5sz5ssipT. eesf - az the annually aCcruins OBJ
ssrHst5or o .'. safe Ha, .stoa.
- a. r.', without a e-eft contest here get from
us gfssi fia1-ihIs malu,deeat property OF the
H#.5s4 's'-.. fHe public lauaiH=tnaugh Of land
taaesg .a 70 Assertion O., examinations and sur
~ n 4er The trelsr wu..h nature has provided
fsr hat great esaaS f. ohio river may not be i'm
IfHsst D.. dams I'D ntHacr rs h insure sup
- q v-,er 80 tie afs n1n,as uf Tire year Of saii-
cent -sr7l.F u eali 900 'he produce upon its bar-
defs sAfr., 10 market Why Because such grant
would o. s14faf5gHIl
J. 40 ,Ais masi extraordinary state Of thiugs-
eHe u 80, which require. some thought? You
4se 20 appropriate either lni money f'r such Oh
lezs as th 81 and yet You feel perfectly authorized By
tas tout,taiion n giving Ga each new State tire
aeflers OF the Ohio, lands TO improve rivers. and
fazke ARTIFICIAL canals Within tbsf limits. On HAT
g-arl trunk. that gre,t canal TN emo, which sweeps
along To- borders IF four great Saics you are not
Authorized Ivy the GonsuHttutiou 10 appropriate
cent 20 Improve is esric ltiun To such will not
- abs7tIues LIT t. such ala unreasonable cAteat
Il tins .irine Of tho strict esBstraetonin carried
Akaiu sir lf5a n the condition Il the Treasury
hts ~ VI Il4tAi NAFt ViaaADlA u surplus oil
Ss5oo'U0D IN the treasury today. We know the
ord4nat, c'!c.t of safh a state of things. We know
WHIT it "I5 10 lsJ5 and 1886. Many political doc
tors la gwen their prcsrri ugEcsted their
rrmedi, tor this slate OF things, and ii may be said
thai have cast IN mine. Nnions projects have been
suggested.
have been looking somewhat into the various
scheme presented and IL nppear- TO that some of
them which are as likely TO succeed any others,
instead 81 diminishing the revenue, will be very like
Is TO increase It, though the duties may be diminish
ed on number Of articles oua others made free; and
We run the risk OF interfering most ujurousy with
the manufacturing and agricultural Interests Of the
country.
The great fact stares u in the flce that we have
large surplus aud the cryis that the Treasury must
be depleted, even at ths risk Of doing greater mischief
To tie country than might be done by letting things
remain as they do not believe any iudicioas
Or proper financial measure can be adopted within
the short time allotted to AT this session; so that
| this sun las VIII accumulate for another year. Even
when We sit here next winter, we make change
OF duties operative until the close Of the fiscal
year, and If the mportations 90 on increasing rs
they have done late the surplus may he fifty mil
| lions, or even sixty millions of dollars, before any
measure OF that sort can be operative
propose that the proceeds of the sales Of the pull
lie iande for the last and present fiscal year being
bout twelve or thirteen millions ofdollars estimating
the surplus for the present fiscal year ut half the
last shall be apporioncl among the States in the
ito have sugg sted propose 10 depletc this hloat-
ed Treasury by that and provide also that in
each successive fiscal year the proceeds Of the public
lands shall be appropriated aud distributed in the
| same way until we reach the maximum provided for