davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-01-06

There are few countries which have been ees
visited by modern travellers than the Island az Ma
dseascsr. Those who are Interested In the history
Of this country, its natural prcdgct %, and iB
neious inhabitants, will lie glad 20 learn tina. the
Rev. William Ellis, who left EBglsna las, March, NJ
the express invitation OF the Qureo Of Madagascar
and the Prince, her son. has suoccded In reaching
the capital after an adventurous joarpey Of three
weeks from the csast, a distance II abowt nree
HUNDRED miles.
With the same attention and kisdncss which
awaited his arrival at Jsmatcve. ar. Ellis vss con.
Quoted through all the stages II this journey, and
finally arrived st the capital on the 9th Of Angus,
with he respect aud ooDside ration Thought behsting
70 a CUES, OF the Queen. More than a hundred men
had been appointed by the MEdagascx government
to convey him ard his packages, sll carried by
hand. himself in a kind Of pslaGluin, in which
The traveller receives for he greater ease Of
The bearers and his property porsiened cot by
weight certain amount being Allotted
70 each carrier Every precaatsou was ne
cesssry for strength and safety; foe such roads or
rather such tracts, TO be raverscd without roads,
Mr. Ellis states be could never have imagined. Mech
Of the way was through swampy districts and ever
shallow rivers In crossing ~hi h tbe palspqe'n bso
sometimes 20 be raised roles, one occasion tbe
men shouting as they vent; and when ssked Vie
cause Of the noise. IL proved 20 be for the purpose
Of Tightening OF me crocodilcs In one iaseaDee
the patty crossed broad lake IN fifteen canoes At
other times their WY Law through dense old foresAs,
perfectly awful in the majesty of their giant growth,
and The stiffness OF these vast soltsdes. Sometimes
he vay VAS 40 narrow and preciptous TIA suly
one man could pass abreast. sns where moro level
he bearers had often no better fcesisg than con-
siderable depth OF soft mud. II wNe se rainy sea-
son. and Mr.. Ellis Describes tbis psrtisn as being
Justly designated the "fever district Indeed, he
was often reminded Of one amsuee the many
sbrewd saJ mss OF the late King Roiama, who used
70 beast hat he could trust ssy invading army 10
his two generals "wood and Fewer tbc party
passed on, however, and were halted cca uonsry
for cay, without any attack from this mhtGt. a.
er'iuR IN the case &C one of the bea'es
Throughout THE portion Of the JOuila.y Lis
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-10-27
FROM FLASHING TON.
From Our Own Correspondent.

From Our Own Correspondent.
WASHINGTON, Saturday, Oct. "a, 1857.
The case of Matilda Smith, Mr.. Martins fugitive
elave, Of which l wrote you few days siEce, Las
been postponed until next week.
A writ was Issued to-1iy for the arrest of Major
Emory on the charge of assaulting Mr.. LOOMS, but
as ye. no officer has been found wiling to serve it,
A constable, who was applied to, demurred OF tie
gIOuId that the Msjor was a very fine msn. The
exact circumstances Of the affair, as am informed,
ere these: Major EmOry's boy was in the room of
Mr.. Loomis's assistant teacher and behaved SO
badly that the assistant was forced to send him
into the room of the principal to whom he
made a complaint of the pupils conduct
The boy was called up for punishment,
ard three moderate blows with a ferule
given him on the hand A fourth and last blow the
boy warded Off with his elbow, causing The erule to
glance and touch him on the forehead, where 1t LETT
slistt msrk--a mark so slight that the teacher at
The time did not perceive it, After school the boy
went home and in all probability misrepsented the
matter to his father who went at once to the school
house, which is also the teachers dwelling house,
and asssed Mr.. LOOMS with the most violent
abuse. Mr.. LOOMS made no reply except to re-
mark that if Major Emory were acquainted win AT
the circumstances of tue affair he would prOodoly
change his opinion about il. AS he SAID this be was
at the door bowling to the departing Msjo wh)
suddenly turned and delivered a heavy blow with
his cane upon the head Of the teacher, whose Po-
Gteness probably saved his life, for the blow
fell upon the back part of the skull
where il is thickest. The surgeon who dressed
the wound is of opinion that on any other part of
the head it might have been fatal As it is, the in-
Jury was very severe. What adds to The lustre of
this exploit of the gallant Major is the fact tina. Mr..
LOOMS is cripple, incapable of resistance to such
an assault, some accident having manned his right
hand OF the thumb and one or two fingers. The
Affair has made much sensation among the teachers
Of the city who are, naturally not little disturbed
AT such high-handed outrage on one Of the most
respected Of their lumber
The Presbyterian Synod Of Virginia aud Of the
District Of Columbia has been in session in Wash
ington for some days. Hearing that the Slavery
que stiOn was 10 be discussed | went 10 their meet
ing last night at rather a late hour committee
ne Minutes Of the General Assembly of the Pres
byteran Church which met At Cleveland in May
last bad reported in favor Of dissOling the conaec-
ton between the Synod Of Virginia and the General
Assembly on account Of the Ahti.Slayery action of
the latter body. This project of separation was op-
posed BY small minority one of whom, tie Rev.
Mr.. CarutheIs. offered set If counter resolutions,
81 which the following are the principal
Reselstd Thst ID. Synod Of Virginia opposed the
have patty with either Northern Southern
pseaChng
Rs'''rs5 Ths. haze ba,I With regret ,h, The s,rti
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-10-27

a., p,o.reion Fl PEN noe are opposed BY come
Ministers. ED =, sa ard T sess Fl it, sutho and believe
& 20 BE- he pride and glory Of al Pre and Of the
An . ,srtS fS. the SYNOD Of Virginia believing tbs. from
no, territorial 'ii:or 'he has great mission TO psfi to
s, still stronger toe oordS that old together the Union Of
ZEE. iree States. earnestly cepreca.es al agitation Of the
sI.yesy question in ecclesiastical bodies"
These resolutions were laid on the table The
Rev. Mr.. Newli0, PIe,i lieut. Of Delaware College
offered substitute for the report Of the Committee
proposing not to take any further action in the mat
TER until the Iext synotical meeting. This was de-
bats with q good deal of warmth and found favor
with the prudent ard moderate members of the
Synod But It was rejected by the fanatics who
formed the majority by vote Of % to 5, several
members not voting. The report of the Committee
In favor Of separation from the General Assembly
YVES then adopted by vote of 80 to 3. The three
negatives oil from this district, Messrs. Haskell
sunderland and DunniDg.
Twas assure you, greatly edited BY that small
portion o. the oebste which wa, so fortunate as to
bear. OIe reverend gentleman expressed the sent
meDt that we were not 70 be guided by CONSCIENCE
conscience was apt to get astray-the Northern part
Of tie Church had given up their conscience TO the
guidance Of the fallen instincts. Another reverend
gentleman, from Richmond, declared that no man
could preach the gospel to any purpose in that city
if he were connected with the General Assembly
THEY would not listen TO an angel from Heaven if
"be had anything to do with the General Assembly"
EXPRESSIONS of this sort, from such men, indicate
mort alarming state Of fanaticism in the commun-
ties which they represent Nothing but very high
pitch of excitement one would think, could lead a
body of Christian ministers thus violently to cut
Themselves off from the rest Of Chrlstendom. 1t is
encouraging to know, however, that though the
fanatics are in decided majority, both among the
clergy and the aity, there is in both classes con-
siderable minority who yet preserve their senses on
the negro stion and still hold to the teachings OF
;he fathers in Church and State.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-10-27
YOUNG MEMS CHRISTIAN ASSO-
CATION.

The regular monthly meeting of the Young Men
Christian Association was held last evening IN .ne
University Chapel Mr. Brainard presided. AFTER tue
reading of the minutes, DIR. Carson OF the Amehcso
Christian Association made few remarks on tne
subject Of chapel lately built by tina. ooay o6C he
end requestirg pecuniay assistance, some $3.50 oe
gg @ needed to the cot Of os s sIss sS ths
Associat;on on the subiect. Mr.. Hsvemeyer read a
memorial from the Bible Class rsGus'o O'CLOCK sI' be 0re
stored to tbem and adding that if the rooms OF the
Association were not grau,ed them for the purpose
tley would meet elsewhere. ,,u oo,.,o..
4 very Iorg debate ensued and already uncoInior-
able feelings were aroused before u VIZ e :. "
refer the subject to Committeb OF the bard: II De-
irg now rather late in the evening, the usuA az
son Of twenty minutes was dispensed enS .ue
Association listened with interest 10 shoit azores
from the Rev Theodore L. Cayler Isis DELEGATE to
Europe. His remarks were pTrncpaly cohhneo 10 me
descIntion Of vsIous matters Of interest connected
with the London Young Mems Christian Association.
He occupied the floor bat few minutes: dwelling
mostly on the srde Mt feeling Of Christian section and
broiherly love thst binds together oe suon hImat
and undistuIbsA communion. the 4,JoV members o.
the. psreu, Assc citation, sId recommending the e''ao
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-10-27
FOOD PROFESSIONALISM BETWEEN
THIS YEAR AND LAST.

Ore year ago all business was in state Of CONNER
si prosperity and money easily obtaiaable from CAPT
,sts or chartered bankr TO invest in food or farm
products, ard principal necessities OF he, either a.
legitimate business Of forwarder or as specuiatof-
that is, buying and holding for rise. This was prac
tced in the ari lie Of Sugar; TO greater extent than
any other product the fna results OF which have been
loses TO tie latest holders of immense sums. large
and vellnformed wholesale grocer, and heavy dealer
in Sugars, though never holding large stock assures
us that be is cognizsrt Of stocks of Sugar and No
lssses in this city, that have deprecated below the
point at which they were when stored, more than
s. GOO0O The wholes ale prices of Sugar in October
1856 we frd from the books Of the same grocer were
for common Muscovados, Ole. y ID, according to
quality; and the same article now is g. SIC. y b.
Refined Crushed Sugar was then l2l dl3c.-now
lOJ a lie. New-Orleans Sugar was then 8 a9ic. ID
now there is none in market.
MoLAssEs Cube October, 1856, ~ gallon, Asa
Soc. October, 1851, dull at &c. New-Oreans-Oc.o-
be,, 1856, T. gallon, 81 SIC none in market.
On the other hand another article, that is considered
by many persons as n UGH q necessity as Sugar, has
advanced far more than Sugar has fallen Look a: the
quotations ofTEA:
Common Young H son. Y ..led21 5eaSe.
Sogcb .Ds"....''.'....'....'. va s 4ssSc.
Several ether named cheap or low-priced varieties
have advanced 100 Z cent; while the finest varieties
such as usually sell at GO &C. pouad by the guam
tity, have Only advanced about 10 cent
CorrTE.-Whether Coffee sympatbizes with Tea or
not and rises because the increased value Of that To-
greoent of fashionable beverage has risen, we cannot
say; we can only say it is higher than 1t was year
ago. in the following proportion: ~
no Cofee-Oct 1es6... 81 0llfc. Oct 1S5I.l a &c
Jave CoG.e-Oct l86...41 Glaze Oct, iSo''".iodlo.c
Other Damed varieties 10 the same proportion.
ALCOHOLIC LIqUoRs.-Since many persons rank oil
cots of alcoholic beverages in cloe alliance with Tea
and Coffee, we will note the variation in price OF Do.
nestle Whisky, as that is the key O. governing prin.
cpe of nearly all the alcoholic beverage prices, as it
il the base of most of them, and the only one that
affects the price of grain.
WHISKY we find quoted as fol'ows-wholesae,
gallon: October, 1856 SO &c.,. October, 1857, noml-
naly 22e., dull. Brsndies ard Wines are SO various
in quality and price that no prices are given we
should say that Brandy from France may be dollar
gallon cheaper than last year. Alcohol is in about the
same proportion as Whisky cheaper.
BREADsTuFFs AND GRAIS.-Judgng from appear
arces stranger il this city would be led to the oPn'
ion that Bread was oonsdered less necessity Of life
than Whisky and therefore it fitting that it should
prece6e it in this table. The following are the whole
sa quotations of October 1856 and 1851, upon the
average:
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-10-27
1AE SOkG HNE ~ INDIANA.
II Ths n. Y. Trisuus

Corespoudelce ~ The n Y Tribuus
HUNTSVILLE, I'D, OK. IS, 1857.
have seen IN yoat paper 10 account Of any Sex.
81 s1Ptr msot On any BIT avery small scale. sa<
ihiik b':tf account Of cur experimec. may be u
interest. Wepan,eda qrai,sr Of an acre OF rco1nl
III SoIcl IN, about tie 10Th Ct June, in roys ,hres
f.et apart seeds abou, eighteen inches spsr, in tas
rows enc seed in the hi. When cut it, asoa, the
2Wh If September t.tre were about three stalks 10
the bill in tie ayersgs. TIE canes no. so srss~
they would have been rad the suckers been ,skee o
Some Of the seeds pe CROUCH TO grow, but n the
nan they wanted two weeks Of rpenisg.
A rear neighbcr had smsl patch like ourselves.
and We concluded TO pat up partnership mil, some
thing Ike that described IN your paper of late dstc
only, instead Of pisntrg poss in the ground made
frsne. which We think better. We laid down I've
email sns ofsQuared timber. some eight cine feat
iopg; IN each Ct these we raised two poste midway
the sils two feet from the bottom Of heee pcsss vs
pIso I'd the bed across moItsed mo the posts IRE.
set On our iolers fcrtteu riches in diameter tarns9
by a wsgor-maker IT The neighborhood, who ehasgsA
IS cents for the work. They are made OF tough
white osk Our cap tor Of the rollers Is oil 70 one
pece the stem 20 which the sweep Is attached beirS
dressed dewr 20 as 70 permit the cap to Glide dosn to
its pste without any saving into. The MI Is nteS
With the leJag Gp apparatus which al farmers have
in Old tssttr,d cter.mlls. Now for the expen'
MEET: In griucrg broke about two etaks IN the
icdle, aud pssstd them through between the rollers
They were passed back anu put through . second
time the operator twisting them hard as they psseea
though. This expehse about tve-sixhs OF ne lucs
enough 70 s,.isfy Us This juice boiled down IN
common iron kettles over fire butt between couple
Of sn sll Toys Our boiling apparatus was very aeom-
pete ard irsoiciei to keep the mill busy nui sth
!, three bands could an6 did make fifteen gallons pet
dsy Of asses very far superorto anything We eves
got IN the land Of whips and chains.
Out Of one quarter OF an acre we mace hny tn'es
gal oDs, good and thick. Let no one % aa sl
about it, keepr qualities. There is but one dra.
back 10 these-i rW work ont of the top Of I've rSS9
| so The cooks say, aud is too scon gone.
Grinding With our mil is very light draught "a
| ere horse He will grind 500 canes day eAcy y.
while FIX aror of the Juice will make one OF mossees
| Think OF that maple-sugar makers Our mill hss
| ground the cane for ll5 gallons IN about Two weeks
snd-the Fall work cone-we are about setting Il y
work 10 try the sugar. Ii has been made In the neige
hcrhood from ripe Our mill cost Sl3; and surely
such one liz within tie reach OF all Hencefo'th, he
JOS. d. LEWIS.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-10-27
JNCENpIARISM IN MICHIGAN.

Tie Lansing Mich Republican contains the io'-
loving account Of the recent coIhsgration IN ttss
place on the morning Of Oct. Is;
This morning at o'clock the Moore Block owned
by the Hon George ". Peck, was discovered To os
on fine The block was burned with most OF fs con-
tents and the whole village saved by the vksDcS
os our citizens fom destruction by the arrest CT the
prI cipal inct ndiary, who gave MS name as Eduuou
Uaxkips. Our neighbors Of The State Journal 90
cupied this block aud everything pertaining to lhs
,fic: including all their books and accounts, were
destroyed.
The losses are estimated as follows:
Geo W. Peek. go oco no is,1TaI poe, f., sscA
john Thomss Co 5000, fully Insured Notes ana mort
s'ss ,.S Gri,vod Michigan State Journal Office t2o
books and accounts ti No hsgI,nss .,, so
nv almost superhumsn exertions the ColunbuS
House was saved, and The State Republican oilcs
ard State Bndery the last OF which would have ADDED
than 500 f. the K MSC ,a' IL nis
in various psrts Of the village. only one OF which w
tuIned-a barn belonging to j. e. Bailey, werth sl2o.
The ste pc barn adjoining the Lansing House was DIS
covered fire, the barn OF D. 4. Ken ana 'he ma''
bic shop Of &. w. Butler AZ the SAINT ume
The ince rdisry Was caIght in 'te act OF hrrg The
Tinted Brethren Church sDdthe excited crow sezed
and would have hung him on the spot, but Tor the
prompt Interference Of Dr. Shark, ,. La Rue, and
others who rescued him from their hands
A Getting is 70 be held at ~ o'clock to-day to or
eapize a Protective Police, to act as night watoh
ard to take such measures as the emergency reqafe
Ills morning second person, named William Rice,
was srrested, supposed to be an accomplce, aud
-.hers Are =" v
v,- .npnc~r<o. IDc omcer nave trem IN
charge This is sad blow TO our village from which
it viii rot soon recover, and had there been any
wind, nearly or quite al the business portion Of tho
village would haye.been destroyed
AT Iouia, incendiarsm il rampant. On Thursday
Of last week attempt was made to blow up the
store Of Cspt Coon on Main street, Ionia. fpound
canister Of powder placed on the counter under
pile Of clotf ing and train laid from II near to
point " here tIe was built A timely discovery pre-
vented catastrophe, IN which families living above
the store would have been involved.
The County Treasurer Cihce IL located over The
store ana this fact aids the presumpions hat the In
oeIdisry designed 10 plunder. Not content With one
trial and failure, another effort was made TO destroy
the ssme building, which did not succeed. Mr. Coeb,
who owned The &c DDS in the store has been arrested
charged with The commtta If the act. The gooes
were wei insured
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-10-27
LATER FROM UTAH.

ST. LOWS, Monday Oct. %, 1857.
The Rfps&ican of this city publishes discourse
delivered by Elder Heber c. Kmbal, at Salt Lake
City, on August 60 Strong grounds are taken against
the United States Government, and determination
expressed to resist its troops TO the last extremity
The women and children are called upon to arm them
selves, and the people generally exhorted 10 lay Up
their grain and otherwise prepare for the conflict
During the discourse Kimball ssys, ave are the
"Kingdorn of God-the State of Deseret, and will
"hsye Brigham Young for Governor just so long as
"he lives"
Brigham Young made speech equally bold 10 de-
olarst:ops of hostility against the United States.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-10-27

IOTbI, 60 j'VIT
In the Counties from which we have conflicting
returns, We have generally given that least favor
able to the Republicans. The Chicago Tribune
puts Lowe 1926 ahead in nearly the same LET Of
Counties above given.
There are eighteen thinly peopled Counties yet
to hear from, which probably cast less than 5000
votes in all, and those about equally divided. They
last year gave some $500 for Fremont to about
1900 for Buchanan.
The Legislature is Republican in both branches
beyond doubt.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-10-27
THE LATEST NEWS.
RECEIVED BY
MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH
FROM WASHINGTON


WnHrscros Monday, Oct 70, loo.:
Tho la.eror Dspansr. h.: received a.SF s .1oa
that dloyc lately crossing he G', ,s. f ssst.
ps'. snd ,.o fred at the chief Of the tribe
In Of THE the Indians . are sTss
cen,sd AS they have heretofore been on iema.sao
GOOD terms with the whites, aud have s'esa"! 'sa,se
70 take part with the Mormop' the lear Is 'n'' .r.!
vin now depart from their friendly ponc!' &c
Department will at once 'ake i measures W ''''
noss;t,e. the mischief thus occasioned.
Ns.,i, 900 600 acres were located with nitary
.od .,rants under he Act of March, 1865, from tie
lat Of July, 1856, to the 3lst Of August ls''.
The mai, from all points South, a. late a. cue are
kohsna 4;,d6 AZ .o.sior e ~.
TIE tiEye,nor of Georgia, as the session. q 'oe
reyr,,a,vre is 90 near, wthhods any sctiot against
tbs bank in consequence of their suspension OF specie
pAytuent.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-10-27

WEs1cBEsTER CoUSIY.-At Republican Conven-
ton FOR TIE lid Assembly District Of We,.chester
County, held at Croton Dam, Oct 49, 1857, the follow
irg preamble ard resolutions were unanimously
adopted:
Vhereas The Republican party Of the With senssors
Distc through 80 primary sssemhes clearly ard unequvo
eay degnaed William beskiey IT, as It. candidate for sssts
Wse,ta, The Republican Senatorial Convention held sEg
Sing CD the 18th inst under influence Of outde
principally the leading Know Nothngs Of Westches
PuLam and kooksnd ignored the WIN Of the hsPaonean
psrty Of the District expressed ts local Conventions aud
pdo the nominee prosc ptive and hostile organization
no neither by his Gnteoeaels his present position hAs
evceneed any sympathy With the principles purposes 81 Re-
pub ieanisID aid -. ~ --
withdrew AID sed William Bsaksy, r, whose whole
rola life d.monstYates his devotion 70 the principles u
Progress and Freedom; therefore.
Rted That epgGiste the nomination Of John w Yer
don Is !mpoic unauthorized by the Republican party and On
Of suicidal folly ake repusnsnt to manly dealing AID :"
sound principle. -, .-.
nett Of Rtpuba and the only candidate ioI the sste
senate the Republican party Of the Dsict-snd we nefeY
pledge ourselves 10 sI honorable means 70 sec"" ~
R,.oired That we recommend fellow ~
,be several Assembly Districts compOsls tbs tt.
week repudae the non nation Of Dir fedon lha9'I
Mr. Beatey take active measures 70 sesms . n. y, n
Rtselred That the above preamble ana 49,.
,te ID In the papers Il the District az ~ .ss p,s.,a.,
JOSEPH GRiEfIS .oyp Vice. Prssdsrs'
\. I. BAKLEt {seeretsries
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-10-27

he mar e:x 63la-s u ctarzs. TIE mea tssa hsxtav
LEI; X ,tcre uLosr pgetspse CT getting a. 90 10 -
t'sgs. u little tine hereafter i. Wa discovered
lha. tie b. v.s covrssrfsf. ard word "a, isomels.
rsy SEAT T. tie Deputy Ssperbteaden,s Office Ia
oTcev that the roioe throughout The city nigh, b.
means Of tie telesrsps b notified Of the fact of ne
'ssea being sbrosd. Ue u late hour Of ths axtk
.u' i,Iost,!s bsd net ea:Led OF any arcsn bessg
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-10-27
Correspondence Of The N. Y. Tribune.

Cc--espo ndence Of The n. 7. Tribune.
CHICAGO, Oct. %, 1857.
Teleslaphic differences Of opinion having arisen
as to Il vote of Iowa for Governor and State Lee
ei,la.ure it being held by one kind of mathemati-
clans, that one Samuels is elected Governor and one
Jol prospectivey United States Senator and that
two and two make seven and so forth, / subjon
the returns received in this city up to this date BY
COuntes:
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-10-27

There are twenty small counties yet to hear
from. 1t is unnecessary to compare these figures
with those of previous elections, as 10 most cases
only nsjorties have been received. 1t is admitted
on 81 hands that the Republicans gain largely on
the Spring election. 1t is also conceded that they
lose on the Fremont vote, whether the Pro- Slavery
candidates gain on the Buchanan vote or not Pos
siby the main question is, Who is Governor and
who United States Senator Ralph P. Lowe, Re-
publican, will have trihe over 5000 majority for
the fcimer tffice, and whoever becomes the Repub.
lean candidate for the latter will certainly have
majority Of Is on joint ballot. II is held fortu
pate circumstance that Dubuque County is already
among the "oficial."
The Legislature stands at present;