The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-07-26

| w
| The Distillery Explosion at Boston.
| BOSTON, July Is, 1857.
Anna Barkips the little girl who was burnt at tho d..
| tilery explosion yesterday, died to-csy.
THE INDIAN EMPIRE.
Its History and People-Ths MoguI Dynasty
The POrtuguese-Gast India Company; IT.
Rise and Progress; Commercial, MfMtary
and Political Power-The IndO-Brftlsh
Army, Its COnstitution-Cause OF Revolt
The "Ryots'-Land and Salt Tax-modc q
GOverning-BishOp Ezeber's Remarks, &c.
Lying between the eighth degree and thirty h decree
north hh!ude covering an ares Of 900 square miles,
and juttng out triangular shaped peninsuar into No
Indian Ocean, lies Hndostan, India, the East Indies
Here rises In all their majestic proportions, 900 fees
above the level Of the sea- the capped Hmaays
mountains; and here too ro the wsten Of The "acred
0apges," ins which many fair victim has plunged 10
rss more amid the applause Of superstious multitude
O,s hundred snd nifty Eve millions Of people inhab this
diversified and extensive tract Of country, mixed In
manners, language and physognomy be found in
any equal portion Of the wsrh.
Tss Hindoos, whose history stretches into the
REALMS Of hte, were the original nhaSatanas.
They seem TO have been . simple, industrious
and Ingenious people, scrspu0usy sdherns 10 shs1r
system Of castles, and besides morning and evening
purnceon in the Gauges "a practice worthy Of imitation
By Christian people in less sacred rivcrs appeasns Ssh,
the destroyer Of ALL and looking after $50 0c0 900 or In
eor gcs and goddesse they appear to havo bss
little who ruled provided they len In pesse To pray
The Hineeos fell an easy prey 10 the Aabomnedan Az
ghans, wsrlike tribe the northwest Of India; and
they in th:r turn 10 the Mcgus Tarars, who In 1885,
established tser scat of authority al Delhi. This onoo
magnificent oy covered nspace of twenty square miles,
and the ruins Of Its aucep. slendor the wonder or
the modern traveller. The Mogu dynasty was amoss
subverted by the Persiars, and numerous dependent
Nabobs, takius advantage Of the distracted state OF tho
country set Up for themselves TO be urn subdued By
more crafty md powerful adventures.
In 149s the Portuguese unter vasco Dc Gama who vss
the first TO discover the route to India around the Cape or
Good Hope, established themselves the coast Of Maia
BAR and for century maintained the exclusive trade Of
the whole comrHrce OF the Fest Trying reconcile God
and Mammon they were supplanted by the Dutch, who
devoted themsovcs entirely to the service Of the latter
and these were rapidly acquiring riches power and ter
tory when in the year 1900 the India Company wss
formed in England. From hat time the present Ibis
great and wealthy corporation has swayed the destinies Of
India and as lats events have called public attention to
this part Of the g,ose brief history Of ih rse and pro-
grssi will not be rAinteresting.
The only objec, this Company lad view II nrst wss to
se,ure share 10 n commerce o. The country by their
craftnen and perseverance they obtained the "non's
shsrs-havins ssp by step, become matters the CO.
tire resources Of Endoean They first asked permissiou
to buy the products Of India, and sell those of Eops
then TO build factories, which hsy converted inbo
armed sarrsons ard order to carry the blessings of
civilization among this benghod people, they fossred
native calouny, set Sabob agans, Nabob and in the end
took advantage Of both They disguised their Interior
via hat ia end
purchase In Bengal thirty ewnahips In addition 10
what they held In Calcutta, besides important u,ercial
privileges which they possessed had hal gradually been
extended. Thirty three years efer seeing their position
hrr and finding through the native jsaousy carefully
fomened afavorabls opportunity still further stronghold
and extend their dominion, they assumed military and
political power. In his ruggo for asceudancy they had
competitor France; and then on the psrs
Of boh these civil ed sai Christian nations series OF
sggcssons oxscons and butchees that have no parai-
lei In history. Il was then for the first the &C.
poys instructed in European TACTICS and country
had boli their affections they fought for Whoever
paid them best Finally the snglsh conqrsred, and by
the sword, bribery, treachery and oonnscson ruled
prcme, accused BY ihoir eouniymen having sold
every monarch, prnoe and State in India roken every
contract, and ruined every STATE that trusted themn
la lT4o the Na5o5 .of Tapjore was, on q nimsy
pre,e,t, driven out for the purpoec OF getting somo
OF nls 'crrl oryi ana restored on making still fur
iher concessions. They deposed IN l,5T the Nabob
Of Dsnsa, and stripped him Of large and rioh
provinces, and from tts, period down to the prcsca-
aton Of the kohl 10 the Queen os England In 1885,
the government Of he East India Company has been con
unuous Of sroliatIon, deception and oppressos
squeezing on, Of hundred and thirty millions Of the
unfortunate natives the snuual Of over
500 whose spssvemen, they perpc,uaie BY
an army Of 3o2 900 They reduced tho bulk or
the population 70 the condition Of Pashs the bc,,cr oAss
and British they have grossly outraged by ,hslr bru
tai and bullying domeanor see Bishop Hebers oorrcspou-
dence) and those Of he natives who compose thu
and snew' Of their immense army, they have treated
dsspocay, Ia wonder we sec the right arm Of Eng
land, from une 10 time, parHyscd.
Upon the Indian army depends the possession OF
British India composed Of three distno,
armed corps, the army OF Bensal, the amy OF Ma
dras the army Of Bombay component parts Of which
may DO seen nom the following summary: -
Aruhery ls,IG
sssu'e - -
Nsuve nanHy
EnRineers.. ADD
queen uoos zi,Ss
Total .........................3oa7e 1877
The cost Of maintaining ,ss enormous force amounts
annually 70 over $50, 100000
II will be seen from tho above that the sepoys native
Indian troops compose the bulk OF tina Tndo British army
They brave, obstinate and supersa'ous, cngng with
tenscy 10 their peculiar practices Of religion
and reeenng any injustice aron offered 10 their preu
does with more than ordinary vipdictiveness Their
frequent muinIes have left the British Indian possessions
not worth years purchase and from late accounts ID
NAV be that before this they taken sum mary ven
thoso tnovi ok non 10 all In I.n