Weekly national intelligencer., 1857-10-17

the present supplies to the world Of the above
articles Of the pastoral order IT, then, country can
be found where pastoral produce spontaneously
tanned by nature, fish in the ocean, it is manifest that
arabic labor being reduced to the production of bread
food only may condense itself to very small per
age of its present volume and the cultivated ground
be greatly reduced in acres.
At present the pastoral culture of American people
results exclusively from the plough and this is its
Cattle of all kinds ,378,907
Horses and mules 9, oSo,oo
........2l 722,220
Swne........ 30, 334,zl3
b55, ,oo3, 65S
It is probable that the aggregate aboriginal stock of
the Great Plains still exceeds in amount the above table
is all spontaneously supported by nature, as is the
fish of the sea. Every kind Of our domestic animals
fourshes upon the Great Plains equally well with the
wild Three tame animals may be substituted for
every wild one and territories reoccupied from
which the wild stock has been exterminated BY inds
criminate slaughter and the increase of the wolves.
The American people about then, to inaugurate
and immense order of industrial production: Pas
tora Agriculture Its fields viii be the Great Plains
termediate between the oceans. Once commenced, 1t
will develop very rapidly We trace in their history the
successive Inauguration and systematic growth of several
of these distinct orders The tobacco culture, the rice
culture the cotton culture the immense provision cu
ture of cereals and meats, leather and WOOL the gold
culture; navigation, external and internal commerce.
the hemp culture the fisheries, manufactures.
Each of these has arisen time has rpened the ne
cessy for each and noiselessy taken and filled its
proprate place in the general economy of our industrial
empire.
This pastoral property transports itself the hoo
and finds its food ready furnished by nature In these
elevated countries fresh become the preferable food
for man, to the exclusion of bread vegetables and salt
ed articles The atmosphere of the Great Plains is per-
petuay brilliant with sunshine, tonic, healthy and in
spring to the temper 1t corresponds with and sur
passes the historic climate of Syria and Arabia from
whence inherit all that is ethereal and refined in
system of civilization, religion, sciences,
alphabet our numerals written languages arti
cles of food our learning, and system Of social
manners.
AS the site for the great central city of the Basin of
the Mississippi" to arise prospecvey upon the deve
lopments maturing this city has the start the geo.
graphical position and the existing elements with which
any rival will contend in vain. 1t is the focal point
where three Developments ripeness will find
their river port l. The pastoral Development; 2 The
gold silver and salt production of the Sierra San JUAN
3. The continental railroad from the Pacific. These
great fields of enterprise will all be recognised and
derstood by the popular mind within the coming six
years, and will eunder vigorous headway in ten There
must be great city here such antiquity built at the
head of the Mediterranean and named Jerusalem Tyre
Alexandria, and Consantinople; such people
name New York, New Orleans San Francisco, st. Louis
Respectfully, w. GILPIN.
No. II-The Mountain Formation of ~ Anaera-
ca-7He Great Table Lands Geographical Features.
INDEPENDENCE, Missouri.
have, in former note, given you sketch of of
the cardinal subdvisions of continent and country
the GREAT PLAINS. now proceed to sketch what is
beyond them, and fills the space out to the Pacific
This is the immense MOUNTAIN Formation OF NORTH
AMERICA
approach the attempt to classify and set down this
region with degree of trepidation which find it diff
cult to master During the years of and exploration
which have passed among them every hour has kept
alive the awe inspired by the immensity of the space
they occupy the grandeur of their bulk and altitude and
the sublime order and symmetry which pervade them
a system and in the details. Moreover, one, not
even HUMBOLDT, has attempted to reduce them to
classic system, assented to what have done in the
photographic map of 1916, which you have seen.
These ndeibly graved impressions perpetually recur
whenever my memory reverts to that time, and warn
to speak of countries novel to public little curl
and uniformed only after condensng their portrait
with the maurest meditation and with nicely guarded
caution.
The mountain formation of North America is that dis
tinct subdivision of its which occupies the whole
space from the Great Plains to the Pacific sea- and
twosevenths of the continent. In its area, bulk
ber and variety of the mountain Masses it equals the
aggregated mountains of all the other continents 1t
hao peorliar- -eha-aotsretics
resting than them ALL Travelling transversely across
from east to west along the thrtyninth degree the
breadth is siren hundred miles the length continuous
from Tehuantepec to the Arctic sea- four thousand ue
hundred miles, the direction is regular from souhsouth
east to north From east to west the traveller
enters and five physical divisions distinct in
order and succession the prsmac sreaks of the
rainbow to the eye. These 1st The Black Hills,
or Eastern Piedmont; I'd, The Cordera of the Sierra
Madre, Rocky Mountain j Sd, The Plateau of the |
Table Lands, with its mountain chains 4th, The Cor
lillera of the Snowy Andes (the Sierra Nevada 5th
The Maritime Piedmont of the Pacific Shore These |
divisions parallel another like the sreaks
he rainbow, and like them, throughout from end
Ind of the mountain formation, in which they blended
together in one embodied mass. :
Beyond the central line of the Great Plains the undu
ations of the surface begin to swell up, until they be-
,ome elevated into secondary mountains, with timber
Ind crowned with rocky escarpments These the |
Black Hills They the outlyers of the Sierra Madre
Ire in the Basin of the Mississippi and masking the
mountain crest break and graduate descent They
hree hundred miles in BREADTH perforated across by
Ill the great rivers, and washed away and tortured
nto fragments by their channels. They have rocks of
sorphyric granite and sandstone, but for the
formed of the suphae of me gypsum plaster
If Paris. Some of them paved with perifactions
Ind Others being composed of light mould formed the
goes
he aluval bottoms and delta of the Mississippi Basin
They have but little ran scattered growth of
lwarfed timber, and picturesque and fantastic scenery
They important part of the pastoral region,
clothed in perennial grass, and abound in aboriginal
le Perpetual sunshine, fertility perfect health pure
Ind abundant water evervaryng scenery and infinite
animal life will, in time attract and fix here the densest
population.
over the Black Hills rises the CoRD1LLERA OF THE
SIERRA MADRE. This supreme Cordera may be defined /
the backbone of the world it is the dvostia aqua
um of the American continent From the SHOWS of its
and anks descend the rivers that irrgate
either face of the continent out to all the From
also branch off all other mountain chains Where the
irrigation from the is sufficient immense forests
exist elsewhere the mountains naked. The or
basis of the Sierra Madre is red porphyrtic granite
rom the immense naked of which comes the po
pular sobriquet of "Rocky Mountains This is the
d-producing quartz. The Sierra Madre has precipi