Daily Nashville patriot. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1857-1858, 1857-08-08
From the New York Herald of August I,
rho Cen1raI American Question:

| Nicaragua ana the other central American states,
for il constitutes the mi ai point OF the new policy
| which our Government must inauguraIe toward the
/ Spanish American States of North America.
The conditions which attend material pro-
gress as a nation; our increasing population and
/ commerce on the Pacific shore, with their attend
increasing necessity of transit facilities over
/ the American isthmus the advancing disintegra-
ton of the communities that now rule those terri
tories their sOca decay and utter political insight
| canoe, all combine to press upon our Government
! the adoption of some policy towards them which
shall open those regions to the undisturbed pass
| sage of commerce through them, and restore to
them the germs of political stability and social pro-
! gress Their admission 10 Union, with their
| Heterogeneous population, animated by feelings of
the deepest hostility towards each other, is utterly
! out of the question The establishment of a di-
| rect prOtectOrate over them, exercised By Officials
| appointed at Washington, after the manner of the
English protectorate of Mosquito and the Bay Is
lands is foreign TO system of government, and
| cannot be entertained. Still, the great necessity
of pacifcation and the establishment of social
curity there, loom up before US and we call
ed, by our geographical position, the extension of
our material and moral influence, and the diminish
| ed respect in which the Cabinets of Europe are
! held there, to fulfil the mission.
| In order to consider this question properly, we
must review the condition of the several States of
Central America as they present themselves to the
| world at the present moment.
! The most prominent of these is Nicaragua, from
! the fact that she has been the scene of recent
! contest which must inevitably be renewed unless
our government abandOns the policy of non-iIter-
| Venton in her domestic affairs. One of the first
points that strikes US in contemplating her. is the
| social elements of her popul. ton. There find
the black and mixed races numbering ten TO of
the intelligent white race, and feeling OF discord
between them that has already broken out into open
hostities. No sooner have the forces of the Their
Central American States retired from her territory,
than We find her own generals, Jarez and Martinez,
OVerthrOWing by violence the provisional govern
| ment of President RiVas, and establishing them
selves in executive power. In view of the fact that
popular election was to take place within few
! weeks, this event has marked sig .Ihcance Eli
Their these leaders disUusted the success of their
own Presidential candidate, the election is farce
which they do otintend shall be performed. While
these things Transporting, the press of Granada
and of Leon abusing each other and stimulating
| their partisans to mutual hatred and rancor. The
mass of the people, impoverished by the long
tinuance OF intestine strife, which has destroyed
! productive industry and consumed their wealth. are
ready to take part in any violent turmoil which
promises through rapine te give them the means of
living. This is simply renewal of the old state of
things in that country which necessarily resulted
! in an invitation to the flbusters.
10 San Salvador we see a victorious General re-
turning with his troops from the contiguous terri
tory OF Nicaragua attempting to overthrow his own
| government by a coup de main, which only de-
eated by want of energy on his part; yet, not
withstauding his failure, we find him sufficiently
powerful to defy arrest and the government &C
knowledging that power in treating with him, and
suffering him to go at large in the very capital with
| impunity.
Guatemala, governed by a rough, uneducated
man, who has attained power and maintained So
cial security there by applying to the
rules that he learned in driving his herds of wild
catle-using without stint the goad and the lasso
upon them-presents the strange spectacle of re-
! ceivng IN triumph her returning General, and APP
proving his course in personally insulting the Pres
! ident OF the country he sent to More
! than that, President Carrera refuses to hold any
! intercourse with the government of Nicaragua
til le has received an apology for certain supposed
| insults.
Honduras acknowledges herself bankrupt and
ruined by the expenses incurred in the late war,
and looks to the energy and enterprise of foreign
in building and interoceanic railroad through her
territory, the fountain from whence she is TO
| ceive new life.
Costa RIGA presents social organization some.
what superior to that of her neighbors, but politi
| cal difficulties of even greater magnitude attend
| her. With population where the intelligent white
race has large prepOnderance, but whose numbers
DO not exceed those of some of our third class
! cities she is laying out work for herself that will
require the resources OF powerful nation to CONF
plete, rather than of people numbering barely
\ one hundred and fifty thousand. The unWouted
energy she has displayed in the late has given
her moral influence in the neighboring republic
! of Nicaragua, which pride and political necessity
urge her TO endeavOr to maintain. She recognizes
''as the fundamental basis of future progress the
permanent establishment OF peace and the re-organ-
ization of Nicaragua, either through reason or
| force" Such policy not only imposes upon her
the holding of the Transit route through Lake Mica
ragua, but the maintenance of a standing army and
navy which shall hold in respect the dscordant
population of Nicaragua, numbering more than dou-
BILE her own.
These are significant facts, and from recent &C.
currences are led TO believe that the government
of Costa Rtca is fully aware of their import. Not
only is she taking steps to fortify the river San
Juan, but also to put navy upon Lake Nicaragua
which shall serve as guard against external at
tacks AMI internal treason. In order to meet the
sacrifices requisite for these operations, she has
turned her attention to the other States of Spanish
America. But their meagre resources, their own
intestine dscOrds, and that mutual punctillo Is
jealousy that has characterized their past history,
give her no good augury for the future. Ia fact
some of them already demanding of her ex-
plantations and apologies for taucied insults. In
this Of things there is but course for her
to pursue il she wishes 10 carry out her policy of
pacihcation and social reorganization in Central
America aud establish those great truths which
President Mora announced TO the Congress Of Costa
Rica in his message of August last. She must
turn her eyes TO this country, and, discarding the
lalacious theory that there Is a OF races in the
material development of nations seek 10 a frater-
nal union Of policy with our government the means
Of her own support ia the great work she has IN
dertaken.
On the other hand, our own government must
throw aside all sentimentalism, and, looking tue
future practically in the face establish such free
dom of Intercourse with that OF Costa Rica shall
enable the give aud the other Co accept such
moral support, aud, If needs be, material aid as
shall secure the permanent safety Of transit thro
those countries, aud their future acknowledgment
in accordance with the progress Of the age. Such
cooperation between this country and Costa Rica
Is not only feasible, but be carried out with ou
any great abandonment OF the policy of on-inter.
veutiou our part, tue incurrence of any steu
on the part Of Costa Rica that SHALL constitute al
abnegation OF the rights Of sovereignty aud self
government.
Nav YoRK, Aug Airs. Cunniugham's couu
sci limited o. her trial that she was eIeieAte by Dr.
Burdel esertly alter her aequittsl she for DR.
Uhl, her medical aIgiser, anu consulted him on bel
expected aecosc4eIaeat. Ia course Of conversation
the Drs suspicious aroused, and be cousglte,
District Attorney Hail. bus declined make an az
iavit, urging professional motives Of decaoy. Mt
Hall pointed OUT toe Law 10 the Revised Statutes
! declaring Mrs Cunuingham's emplAted act x
be felony. The Doctor finally sgreed 70 submit {,
District Attorney uars advice, and measures yer,
Immediately taken 20 Illustrate the medltated fraud
! story was aVrnted Of a California widow be
! ing about 70 become q mother aud wished to die
! pose OF her ehid--that Mrs Cunning ham liked ii.
plan ana became impatient 70 have il carried out
{ A child vas borr0sed from the Believer Hospital
aad the cHosasalsaf took place yesterday - noon
District Attorney dali made afhdasii Sc mi3uisht
E aad airs. Cuuningham vas arrested tdls morning
TIE child vas sent TO No. 81 Aoad street, her
8 / Dr.. Caiin, Ire. Cuaninghau's lermev physician
was ia attendance with nurse. Intne Eaidsfoi ths
III. ~ a H. - aaf|a