New-York daily tribune., 1857-09-05
.vrRICAN INSTITUTE FARMERS CLUB.

AMERICAN INSTITUTE FARMERS' CLUB.
Trrsp.r, Sept 1-Wn. LAwTos Of fNew'RocAs!ie
in the chair.
o;sed in part Of ladies' who took sctve interest in
he exhibition Of some new beautiful lilies, as wol as
in the subjects discussed.
Judge MEIGs the Secretary read number OF vAu-
liable papers most OF them translated from late freucs
journals among other things treating upon the balow-
ing eub)ects A..
translated by the Secretary states that great npr0ye
ment has been made in Germany in drainage. The
earth is also fertlized by green crops to great eK-
tent In Prussia many Of the nobility are devohns
themselves TO Improvement in agriculture and horti-
culture. Children learning botany at schools, and
the people cultivate flowers everywheren Cities In
pots and wiDdows.
inal Dahas introduced into Europe, in Mexico. They
were at first introduced for the root but that proving
uneatabe the Seeding swers attracted notice, and
has been since greatly multiplied 1t is said that sl
colors have been produced except blue ana olue
Dahlis never will be grown. Neither VIII a blue rose
be produced, in the opinion OF the winter OF the
article read.
Tran.plonting and Trimming Of Frut Trecs.-
German writer says thstihe transplants every nr.
sery tree three tines by which the roots are greatly
Increased being careful TO trim of all bruised roots
and many of the head limbs finger length from the
STEM The natural arrest OF growth in Autumn Is IN
the limbs but not in the roots and therefore as soon as
the leaves fall Is the best time to transplant trees. IL
any green leaves remain the tree must stand until they
fall or else these leaves NUT be pucked OIL before the
tree s disturbed in the nursery The last of August
and September is recommended a proper time for
trar spantlDg ,
The CHAiRsAs said that he would fully indorse the
plan recommended for transplsntng trees several
times, to increase the growth Of roots. lie also
recommended bending back the tops. This will not
only give strength to the roots but will make better
tree. All Improvement in the cultivation of fruit
trees and flowers will improve the condition OF the
American people.
SoLoS KoBiNsos-It is one Of the greatest errors Of
nurse, ymen to grow their trees with long tap roots
and slim whpstock.like stems, which they DO by
trimming off the side limbs of the young trees to make
them grow tall that seems to be about all the quail
y they aim at But for this they are IN some manner
excusabe because their customers demand such trees
Yet these slim sprouts fail to grow into satisfactory
shape Perhaps the fashion of growing trees without
limbs the ground arose from the necessity 10
early times Of growing crop upon the same ground
with the trees 1t time that fashion changed.
T. w. FIELD-The true object Of growing an Or
chard is to grow trees for their fruit and not to obtain
other crop from the same ground. ms OBJECT
can only be attained by growing all our rutrees so
as TO branch them near The ground. Both root and
top pruning is absolutely necessary The tap-root
should be cut so make the tree send out the roots
near the surface, and these should be protected from
driving by muching. If the tops low and spread
ing 30 will be the rootsbOh will incline to CORE
syoondng position. tree that spreads its roots Will
produce fruit much earlier than with tap and
tall branches. would trim all my nursery-trees from
the top instead of cutting away all the lower limbs.
would take up all seeding trees, and cut away the
tap.root, and at two years would transplant again,
and again trim off taproOts The third planting would
ft the tree for fruit bearing. II the leaves are fuiy
rpened the tree may be taken up with the leaves Oh
while green.
A Valuable Mer Kind Of Beans-Mr. WrLLLSG.
ToN-Mr. Joseph Pease has new bean which wish to
call attention TO. They the most remarkable snap
beans have ever seen-so rich and tender.
Mr. PEAsE stated that the seed came from Germany.
The pods when advanced to yellow color, are string.
less, and the mort tender and mucilaginous have
ever eaten. Some of the pods of there beano were
exhibited aud although far advanced toward maturity
in fact turning yellow and showing the beans half
grown-the pods broke short aud easy common
snap beans in the first days OF their growth. Mr..
Pease will save seed for distribution another
season.
| Potato Cultivation in France-One cultvator pre-
pares the ground just he would for peas and gouges
out eyes and Gets them in little drills and presses
the earth upon these potato eeds with his hands, and
afterwaId to keep the plants free of weeds
and gives very little other cultivation than what Is
| done with his hands, and gets excellent crops
A Machine Spade-Dr. RAMSEY exhibited a draft
| of a new steam spading machine. He said the way
he has overcome the want of traction, that has here
tofOre been the greatest difficulty in machines for
blowing, is by putting the spades at the stern, throw
ing back the dirt instead of digging forward. This
has tendency to prope the machine instead of re-
tardng it causing the traction wh els to slip the
| ground. This machine is calculated to spade track
Fix feet wde foot deep, with an engine OF sixteen
horse power.
An animated discussion here snsued upon the posSi-
bilty of ever advautageousy using steam for pOGing
or digging in general farm purposes.
SOLoN ROBINSON expressed most decided opinion
that never would be done AID wished to leave that
opinion as prophecy. He thought some OF the im-
petuosy Of inventors needed honest expression Of
opinion, well against their projects al in their
favor. He had no faith in steam pIowing and
spading.
One of the regular subjects of the day was now
called up for discussion. This the general sub
Iect of Small Fruits.
| PRoF. MAPES-If we would get at the true market
value OF small fruits grown in this country doubt
it would equal the value of the cotton crop. II would
astonsh all who live this city to learn the quantity of
berries brought into the city, Its estimated that Drew
Il French, only one CON mmsslon house, will sell this
season hundred Thousand dollars worth Of berries
and small fruits. The enormous quantity of peaches
received in the city may be guessed at when we learn
that the Camden and AmbOy Railroad have received
81 400 freight in one day at eight cents basket, for
peaches.
Biackberfies.-Mr. LAwToN was called upon to state
bis manner Of cultivsting the Lawton blackberriee.
He said he would plant the roots in rows ten feet apart
and four feet between plants and cultivate two or three
rows Of potatoes between the lows They will bear
berries the next year after setting and come to
maturity in three Year,. always cut away one third
of the new growth. The berries set upon tho vines
rpen from two to five per cent day. and each plant
will grow average OF three hundred bernes. The
plants need no training or support and will grow, the
first year. about four long Ii has been suggested
that this variety Of blackbeuies would detenorate
but they have done with me. The advantage of
this variety is its long continuance in bearing
Prof. MAPEs-I have settled down upon this plan:
First, to throw out furrow with twe-wsy plow,
and run subsOl plow in the bottom Of that furrow,
and manure highly. do not plant so far apart as
MIR. Lawtou and trim closely, and the cultvs-
tor between the II the old plants well cut
away the sheots viii be stronger. think the
quality Is very much improved by training the vines
upon uelliseS. lhe fruit is larger and better upon
strong shoots and nothing feels the ysntae OF high
manuriDg morehan all the brsmble family particularly
the application Of liquid manure. You may msauro
br,, Ne -,,k Z