davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1857-12-02

New LAMP.-Messrs Williams & Haywood have
sent new lamp, manufactured by S. H. H. G..
Uford, of Boston. which we have tried for several
nights, and which we think an excellent article. It
burns oil, tallow any kind Of grease and the COM
bustion being perfect there is no smoke. The cost
of burning il is said to be less than onehaf cent an
hour. By the arrangement Of aBhade the eyes are
protected and the light concentrated upon the OBJ;
ject to be viewed. 1t gives brilliant light, and
though we think it best suited for writing by it will
answer very we'll 70. reading. needle work, &c.
Messrs. Williams & Haywood have these lamps for
sale. ~'''' "'
Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1857-12-02
DIED.,

On the sOth Oct at Privilege Randolph county John
R. Brown. in the 47th year of his age. - a
Mr.. Brown was man of strict integrity. in the true
of that tern paying to others their dues well
contendng for his He o Of business habits,
always attending his without meddling with the
affairs of others and the result OF his prOby and good
judgment he has left his bereaved widow and four little
children not only merited good name but abundance
Of this worlds goods. Cor. q:
Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1857-12-02

TRa-WEEKLv DANvLLE NEws.--We have received
the 'itst number d new 1dpsperIh 1f.nyue. Vi
under thea title, BY sE.sA. Howard, James
Raioes,' and W. II. suesd, Esqs y is handsomely
printedy apd fAsd with Interesting mater. We wish
the Editors tuccess.
Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1857-12-02

.Ttf is.. Later from Europe. i" oar
HALIFAX, Nov 2s.-The steamhisp Fulton, with
Southampton dates to the 18th Nov, passed Race
According to accounts brought b. her. there had
been several heavy failures in England, since the
sailing of the Vanderbuit. A general panic pre-.
vailed. .. . ..--, . ...r- 80. s7. = 49, ~4. ~
Breadstuffs were dull and the market closed With
a declining tendency. ~ - . 81 ~ = Z.
Tho Bank of France was cscounting literally. r1
Consos had advanced, and the money market was
easier az ttfe Hta
Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1857-12-02
Democratic State Convention.

We copy the following from that sterling Demo-
cratic journal, the Asheville Nesos With the Netcs
we want to see ga regular, rousng gathering Of the
clans-a mighty throng Of The inoinci6e, lion heart
ed Democracy" And we trust the Western as well
as the Eastern Democracy will attend in full force:
DEMOCRATIC STATE CoNvENTIoN.-We observe
that several of contemporaries expressing an
opinion as the proper time for holding the State
Convention to nominate candidate for Governor
Some are in favor of early day-some time in
February or March. Others take the ground that
there is no urgent necessity for such haste-the
time above mentioned being the season of the year.
when travelling is least comfortable, on account Of
bad roads, &c.
We cannot see why so early q day should be Sc
lected, but can imagine several. to our mind very
cogent for deferrng it later period. 1t
is desirable that the entire State be represented
This indeed is essential to harmony Of feeling and
concert of action. From those portions of the State
lying contiguous to the several lines Of Railroad, it
is easy task to visit Raleigh at any season. Not
however, from the extreme western counties, and
at the early day mentioned it is more than probable
that not single delegate would be in attendance
from west Of the ridge
We trust the time will be 80 fixed that every Sec
ton be represented in strong force-a regular,
rousing gathering Of the clans-a mighty throng Of
the invincible, lon.hearted Democracy. We feel
especially solictous that the west be represented
We have important interests hanging upon the &c.
ton Of the next Legislature, and wants and our
requirements should be fully and fairly stated, that
prejudice and ignorance may no longer stand Is bsr-
rers to our legitimate advancement II we ever get
anything from the Legislature Of North Carolina, we
have to look to the Democratic party for it. An ape
peal Of the right SORT backed BY an able delegation
next winter, will We have faith to believe, secure oil
We want" f3oa AZ ''p2 .Es2ssfa
Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1857-12-02
Kansas, tho Ca6inet, and Goo. WqlEsr. !.

e. kansas, the Cdbinet and Goo WqlEsr !, D.
WASHINGTON, Now ~ As far as eau be ascer-'
tanned the Cabinet are united in sustaining the &C..
ton Of the Kansas! Constitutional Conyention.--s
Whatever preference there may have been for sub =
hitting the entire Constitution the people, aIars
now agreed that the mode proposed for the inhabs;
itants 10 settle the question of slavery is in accor
dance with the letter and spirit Of the Kansas Ne
brsska Act. , ram. s4Aa st,y, aga .
while the President endorses the action Of the Con-
sttutiopal Convention Of Kansas, Gov. Walker d.
nounces 1t in no measured TERMS and stands pledged
to defeat it. Walker says the efforts the part Of
Congress to force that Constitution on the people
without their voice being heard, will surely be fol.
lowed by rebellion, and bloody civil war-He says
the opposition to it in the Territory is almost uni,
versal ..,.---.-.---
Walker had another interview ~ith the President
to-day. The Cabinet were also engaged oaahesame
subject. k<',-"sil "a,Hr
Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1857-12-02

ANnQUAgz Zoo oftdas collection Of .vaiuables
that are worth nothing, and collector Of Al that
Time has been glad to forget
Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1857-12-02

SELECT SCHOOL, Raleigh, Nj g. s sssss
NTRS. H. B, BOBBITT MISS s a, EAH1nI
lxR Wilt open School for Young Ladies Or The ~
January next 1t the h0use Of MrA PAttrdt 81 Ael
street. All the branches Of thorough spe4tioq VII
enbraced ii the course Of instruction. ~ ~ sa
Terms for Ssssson sf fss maetss. fsSti A.s sSs,ss
Nie!ss ...-. ..;s.
$e Ease'
latin and french 3:t
Music en- The Piano.
yu1t1l, - II u
Drawing, Painting in setter coloss. Pastel cad .ta
recan .sss. dsXss
Vu "
Board, fael md lights iper month.} q ~
P1yablebalf in advance and Aaf q The closs u H.
November 81, 1851. sgaJ q yse}9a ec 1sl1-@w9usz
Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1857-12-02

U1HE NEXT SESSION OF THIS NSTITU1IOM
will open the 18th Of January, 1858 under Tie
intendence of EDWIN q MOORE A. B.. who brings higa.
tesiimonals Of character and Qualifications Tuition Win
range from % 10 e18 per session of i've month"; Boa4
81 50 per month. The Academy has 6ne healthy Mo-
ton, in moral and enlghtened conmunity y e
the public road leading from Hilisboro to Oxford wpn
ty miles from the former sixteen miles from the latter
place. .gs fe s9@sbseN g 13l'fl 3tivfTs al "
For further informstion, address Z. W. UM6TEADy'
Secretary Of the Executive 0ommee, the Principal -
Mt Tizah, N G.. until Jam 18th, 1883; then q Knap -
Reeds, Granville Co. n c. %1's "a $50 E'f- F 80
December 2, 1851 rS'ls- FisI 49, ~ a1218-VtI
Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1857-12-02

rbs4 ii steady q 80 .1ses az =
Goad prime red Wheas IS white 81 fs6ni 81
HSprn.csd Write 7s7sc, new 5S@s5c. Old yellow 750
Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1857-12-02

N1OTJCE.---40o0R 500 BARRELS OF CORN; ALI
new
will be sold. ION credit Of sx months Thurs lzth
December at the late residence of John ID. Powell de-
ceased The purchaser to give bond with security. -
.,s,.,, - 80 5afi.fe 10. D. POWELL, Adm'E s.
P. g. The above sale is poned until Tuesday esh
December. @aoliss+> -, 10. D. POW ELL, Admfsf
Riverside, Nov. IL, 1857 SGT aiiassa lal3-w3k
~ Register copy. isg = - AT ->rt5i3s e,sat ba
Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1857-12-02

Of command ran along the line as thousands fell
"File up! file up!" mot yet! not yeti" was the
Iron Dukes reply earnest requests made to charge
and fight the foe At length the time of action
came. The charge was given, and victory perched
upon the standard Of England" .af e
UNITED STATES CIRCUIT CouRr.-Ths Court is in
session here this week, his Honor Judge Wayne
presiding. The charge Of the Judge 20 the Grand
Jury. on Monday was brief but able and comprehen-
sive. a-.. s.t... --. .s'-e 0..4..
The case Of the United States rs Lee Of Elizabeth
City, charged with robbng the mail, continued,
on account of the absence of Gen. Mcclure, mate.
rial witness The Court minated that Mr.. Lee
might be permitted to 60 without BAIL The Grand
Jury found true blu against John G. Gulley. but
it is not certain his case will be tried this week.
The officers of the Court are R. P. Dick, ESQ.,,
U. S. Dictrict Attorney; Wesley Jones, Esq, Mar
shall; and E. Cantwen. Esq, Clerk We observed
the following members of the Bar in attendance from
distance Messrs. William A. Wright, j. Parker
Jordan, and Ed wilkins sa.e8ssf3a &
e .=ff, THY; g. II p
Mr.. SMIrH's ADDREss.-We have received and read
with much pleasure the Address of Moody B. Smith
Esq of Wilmington, before the Literary Societies Of
Davidson College. It abounds in wholesome coun.
sells and just views Of the right courses Of life and
the style is terse, clear and chaste, Mr.. Smith has
at taken high position, in this his first effort
of the kind, IS e map Of head and thought" We
hope to find room soon for some extracts from this
excellent production.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25
From the Detroit Scmi-Weekly Free Press.
The subjoined note from General CAss
CONVEYS highly interesting intelligence:

conveys highly interesting intelligence:
WAsHINGToN, Feb. II, 1857.
DEAR SIR-An arrangement is about to
be made, which will ensure the opening of a
channel over the St. Clair Flats, in the course
of the coming season. A proposition has
been made to the War Department to exca-
vatc channel $50 feet broad and Is feet
deep, upon the following conditions:
The work to be done Immediately; 80
cents per cubic yard for the removal of the
obstruction.
The contractors to be allowed the use of
the United States dredge boat, now at Detroit,
but to furnish, at their own expense, two other
dredge boats, tugs, DC.
The operation is to be superntendod by an
officer of the United States.
If the quantity of earth excavated does
not amount, at 80 cents per yard, to the APP
preparation, then the contractors to receive
from the United States pay at that rate. If
it should exceed it, as it will do, then the
United States are responsible only for the
sum appropriated, and the contractors to de-
pend upon the means they can raise from in
dividuals or corporations for the completion
of the work. No payment to be made by
the United States until the channel is fin
ished.
The Senators and Representatives in Con
gress from the States interested in this work
have addressed a letter to the Secretary Of
War recommending the formation of such a
contract.
The Secretary Of War has considered the
matter, and has come to the conclusion that
this plan of operation is the best that can be
adopted, and the proper notices inviting pro.
posals upon this basis will be immediately
published. The sum, however, applicable tc
the purpose is $4,000, instead of $4,000
as the balance of the appropriation, $4,000
will be needed to meet contingent expenses
am, dear sir, respectfully yours,
LEWIS CASS.
w. L. STOREY, ESQ,
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25
NEWSPAPER PUBLIsHING-In allusion tc

NEWSPAPER PUBLIsHNG-In allusion to
the recent stoppage of daily Journal in Uti-
Ga, N. Y, the Albany Argus remarks:
"Thc experiment of the last ten years has
proved pretty conclusivcly that it costs some
thing to publish good daily paper, and cured,
we think, the mania for starting new dailes
in, moderate sized towns. We had better
have fewer papers, and stronger and better
ones. 1t takes a pretty respectable sized for
tune to set up and carry on successfully dali
ly paper of the first class"
The mania for starting new dailies in De-
trot has prevailed considerably in times past,
but we think it is pretty well cured Three
such have been brought into existence within
three years past, all of which have been dead
more than twelve months 1t does indeed
take pretty respectable sized fortune to set
up and carry on successfully daily paper OF
the first class. bet. Free Press.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

RE" Tho Committee on Constitutional
Amendments, in our State Senate, through
their Chairman, Mr. Rcdfield, recommend the
following:
1. The repeal of the Prolribitory Liquor
Law.
2. Allowing the Legislature to sit eighty
days at their present per diem.
3. To fix salaries Of State Officers.
A. TO allow appeals from the Board of SUI
pcrvsors of the counties.
5. To restore to the Legislature the power
to fix the salaries of the District Judge and
District Attorney of the Upper Peninsula.
The Committee also reported in favor OF
striking out the word "white." The Com
mttee reported on the latter amendment un-
der protest.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

A horse was found struggling in the water
near Laprairic, Canada, few nights since
and on being dragged from the air-hole into
which he had gone in the darkness, cutter
was found attached to him, and in it was the
body of Joseph Bourbon.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25
Notice..

The question for discussion ut the next meetin
of the Grand Haven Lyceum is " Ought Ministers
to engage in politics 2"
Disputants, Observation-Disclosures l. HUNT
ING and ID. CUTLER; Negative, II. PENNoYER
and GEO. PARKS.
general attendance is solicited.
EP. FERRY, Sec'y.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

Ten THOUSAND DOLLARS FOR SAW MILLS
IN BLEEDING KANSAS Having been our
selves to Kansas, we may be excused for sug-
costing to our worthy Governor that one of
the greatest needs in Kansas is cheap lum-
Der for building houses, and if he were to use
some of the bounty of the State in loaning
to responsible Michigan lumbermen sufficient
money to purchase good steam engine and
sawmill to be used in Kansas, he would do
more service to the Territory than any mere
temporary relief in money could accomplish.
Allegan Republican, Journal.
The Allegan Journal, with considerable
disinterestcdness suggests that the appropria-
ton for Kansas be expended in tho erection
of steam sawmils! No doubt, it would dc
more service to that Territory, if applied in
this manner, than if spent in temporary re-
lief" We commend the suggestion of the
Allegan Journal to His Excellency Gov
Bingham, and shall not be disappointed if the
Executive of our State, goes into the lum
boring business in Kansas.
Grand Rapids Daily Enquirer
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

Every sign promises an early opening OF
navigation. The Sandusky Register states
that the bay is clear Of ice, and the lake is
open as far as the eye can reach. AT Cleve-
land vessels arc loaded up ready for start,
and at Milwaukee, they are expecting the
steamboat Traveller, to be put on the Chica-
go route i'm few DAYS.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25
THE GRAND RIVER TIMES
GRAND HAVEN. MICHIGAN,
WEDNESDAY EVENING. FEB 25, 1857.

Ey- We perceive from communication
of the Commissioner of the State Land Of
fee, to the Legislature, in relation to the
quantity Of Swamp Lands in the several
counties and the amount sold-that there
arc in the county of Ottawa, 60,sl7.9S, of
which none have been sold. Kent coun-
ty has 5,465.54 acres, none sold. Allegan
county contains 6,732.59 acres, Of which
SO acres have been sold. Newaygo county
contains 76,222.52 acres, of which none have
been sold. Oceana county has 57,922.25
acres, none of which have been sold.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

Eg~ Stringcr, the bank robber, at New
Orleans, recently arrested at the mouth of
the Mississippi, confessed that $4,000 of the
money was hid on board the steamer Ca
hazpbo. 1t has since been recovered.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

A Western editor, hearing it remarked
that persons in drowning condition sudden
" collected all the transactions of their lives,
wished that few of his delinquent subscrl-
bers would take bath in deep water.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

New HAMpsIIIRE.-The annual election
in this State occurs in the second week of
March. The Democracy are making efforts
to recover their lost position, and we shall not
be much surprised if they achieve at least
partial success
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

Forty young vermonters, OF both sexes,
had party and supper at the hotel in Beth
ell, and became so elated that clergyman
was sent for, and four couples were married
"richt off the reel
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

The BuRDELL MURDER.-The Coroners
Jury, called to inquire into the cause of the
death of DR.. Burdell, closed its labors Satur-
day night, and found a verdict of guilty of
murder against Mrs. Cunningham and Mr..
Eckel; against Mr.. Snodgrass as an accessory
before the fact, and against the Misses Cum
ninghams as accessories before or after the
fact. Queer findings for Coroner's Jury.
TGrand Rapids Daily Enquirer.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

Es- The bill which was recently passed
by our Legislature, to define the Limits, Jul
risdiction and Powers of Circuit Courts, in
amendments of the act approved April 9Th,
1851, divides the State into nine Judicial
Circuits. The ninth Circuit is composed OF
the counties of Kent, Ottawa, Newaygo, Oce-
ana, Mason, Grand Traverse and Manistee.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

Forty bushels of white perch were lately
cut out of the ice in Chesapcak Bay, where
they had been frozen in solid.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

Four million of dollars have been spent il
the search for the unfortunate navigator, Sll
John Franklin.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25
w. L. STOREY, ESQ,

1t is a fact, says the Bombay Gazette, that
the entire population of Hindoostan does not
average sixpencc year for clothing.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25
Notice.

Notice.
NOTICE Is hereby given that the Board of Su-
~ pervisors for Ottawa County, Michigan, have,
NJ an adjourned meeting of said Board. held on
the 9Th day of January, 1857, by vote OF TWO tc
thirds of all the members elect, designated the
Village of Eastmanve as the place to which 1t Is
proposed to remove the County Seat of said coun-
ty. and have also provided that such proposition
be submitted to the vote of the electors Oh SAID
county in their several townships, at the next an
nnal township meeting, to be held on Monday, the
9th day of April next. BY order of the Board.
X. w. DUNCAN, Chairman.
JAS +. SCoTT, Clerk I2Io ow
Grand Haven, Feb'y %, 1857
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

Eg- A heavy defalcation is reported in
which Mr.. r. Potter, Agent of the Marine
Bank, Georgia, is implicated to the amount
of 100000.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

The N. Y. News Of the 18th says the
boats of the Sound lines, for the East, COM
menced running on their regular trips on the
10th. The Newport, Fall River, Stonington
and Worcester boats are now ready for the
accommodation of travellers.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

Eg" The Toledo post-ofiice, with all it
was destroyed by fire, on the soil
ult.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

Girard College, at Philadelphia, now sup,
ports and educates regularly three hundred
and fifteen boys, all INDECENT orphans.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

Ezg- Harper's Magazine and Story Book,
for February, are on our table, containing all
the beauties and excellcncies that are charac-
teristc of these periodicals.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

Mr.. and Mrs. Dean, near Batesville, Ark,
had been married but short time when he
killed her and cut his own throat,
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

Legislative economy, and the salutary ripples
must enlarge their periphery, until their in
huence shall encompass the area of our do
main.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

1t is asserted that the aggregate circulation
of the New York papers has increased 2oo,,
600 since the commencement of the Burden
excitement.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

A brutal omnibus driver, at Philadelphia,
Saturday, tied rope round the tongue OF
his horse, because the animal would not move,
and tore of about five inches of it.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

The CORRUPTION INVESTIGATION AT
WAsmrNeToN.-Is it not remarkable fact
that the House Of Representatives, which
commenced its career by the election of Mr..
Speaker Banks, after contest of many weeks,
should wind up its existence, by protracted
ivestigation into the corruption Of its own
members, which has finally resulted in re-
port of resolution, by the committee, that
three honorable gentlemen, political friends
of Mr.. Banks, should be expelled from the
House?
Is it not remarkable fact that the first
land the last, Republican House of Rep
resentatives, ever convened in this country,
should close its useless session, with crimi-
fnal charge of corruption against its leading
members?
This is the winding up of the Bleeding
Kansas chapter. 1t is a fitting finale for
this great" shrieking,' Republican party.
The present House of Representatives will
be chiefly celebrated for its investigating COM
mittees--one investigating the affairs OF
"bleeding Kansas" the other investigating
the corruption of Republican members OF
Congress. Grand Rapids Daily Enquirer.
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

TIE HABIT OF SMoKING.-Mr. Solly, the
eminent writer on the brain, says in late
clinical lecture on that frightful and formula
bic malady, softening of the brain:
81 would caution you, as stndeuts, from
excuses in the use of tobacco and smoking,
and would advise you to disabuse your pa
tents minds of the idea that it is harmless.
| have had large experience of brain disease,
and am satisfied now that smoking is most
noxious habit. l know of no other cause OF
agent that tends so much to bring on functional
disease, and through this, in the end, to lead
to organic diseases of the brain, as excessive
use of tobacco
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

A KANSAS SwINDLER ARREsTED.-Chas
T. Hamilton was arrested at Milwaukee last
week, on numerous charges Of swindling and
forging. The Milwaukee Sentinel says:
" He was supplied with letters of introduc-
ton from distinguished persons, which were
found upon him when arrested, one of which
was to the President elect, James Buchanan.
He has levied heavy contributions in almost
every town in Pennsylvania and Ohio, also
on several persons in Chicago, among whom
was the Mayor, who let him have $50. He
has lots of contribution papers, on some of
which as high AS 500 have been paid. In
Cincinnati, Columbus, and GAINESVILLE, Ohio,
and Norristown, Pittsburg, Reading, Phila-
pelphia, Lancaster, Wheatland, &c, Pennsyl-
vania, the people paid literally, while the sub
scription papers read, I" that the money thus
subscribed is to be distributed among the suf-
ferers in Kansas, regardless of their nation or
creed"
Grand River times. [volume] (Grand Haven, Mich.) 1851-18??, 1857-02-25

The N. Y. Evangelist heads one of its
columns Sunny Side" This column con-
tains eighteen items, all relating to presents
to pastors, during the recent holidays, amount
ing in the aggregate to $4,000.