The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-08-21
THE HUGHES INSTRUMENT.


by weight, which turns Q shaft With 4 wheel,
upon which are engraved the etters Of the alpha.
bet This wheol In linked by . small roller. Bells
The type wheel small moves the paper to be print
Cd upon against tho letters This press only when
the armaure of the magnet acts current Of electricity
being sent along the line.
This y item based upon division Of .ime-the House
upon the number Of waves, and the Morse upon
the length Of break and closing Of circutthe letters In
tho h,ter depending the NUMBER and length Of the
waves sent aad the magnet at the receiving station
misses wave a different letter Is received. In he
HugheI system this is impossible, every sent
Of the duration, and every records letter
The par ocular letter depends upon the timing OF the type
wheels which governed In their buttons vbrst
ing spring B) fhsype wheels being entirely independent
OF electrical influence follows that they keep toge
iher short circuit they will alto very long cir
cult a. time Ia the same everywhere, and time being
divided INTO twenty eight parts for the letters OF the alpha
be must ever remain the same, pro vded that the In
struments move through the Iame space in the time
Two clocks keeping exact time with one sno.her wlre
present the Hughes nstrument-that IT, both clocks start
.. O'Clock they will both arrive at IL together Sup
pose wire stretched from each CLOCK with magaei al
each end 70 that would sound bell when the circuit
ooscd: If person at one end the Line closed the
circuit at the moment the clock al II would sound
at the other end at IL also Now suppose type wheel
took The place Of he hands and magnet pressed piece
paper az ,ins the letters 1t would prn tho letter
touched at end at both stations; aud these
clocks would keep time equally well 900 miles apart
the same room-lt follows that the writing from
70 the ether would be correct matter what the distance,
provided the magnet would act well long circuit
| on short one.
The magnet Of the Hughes instrument is peculiarly
simple and effective arrangement by which electricity Is
ade TO work at It's highes. developement Instead or It's
smallest, In ell o!hsr ystsms-the hughes Snot
working by the power of the holding force OF electricity
the Morse by Its attractive An electro lral magset
will sustain one hundred times more when placed Ia
tact with the aure to be held than when havog at
tract the body, Will sustain the weight With
Tooth part Of the battery required 10 attract nj the dis
lance of sixteen part OF inch; but
turc 10 let loose from tho magnet would tako very
strong battery 10 draw back sga,n, wh,u placed
there ~ other orce The Hughes magnet these
principles and electricity only holds the rmsiure whilst
In contact Az II 10 sci free by the distant
operator closieg the circuit falls against deter. which
brings email cam n play and restores he srmature 70
s rcspg plsoe 10 corac with the electro magnet This
operation Is performed every letter tast intel, the
magnet acting until letter IL sent and then only
10 each letter thus electrical prodacet
Letter The ren,iuyeness OF t1ls arAngemsnts remark
able that works perfectly when impossible 10 tsste
The current, by any oher tes 10 perceive H. and has
printed perfectly Win a minute paiaery contained In
me principle OF making ali the insrumen keep exao,
lime with another, 30 that they al Ways present.
70 rovolyo rapidly has been by tho union Of
well known law in acoustics 10 mechanics. Tnus GER
tain number Of per .eoond produces cor ain
always ybrae In equal lines III this sprrg 10 ~ vibra
tens reeases tooth OF an escapemen shecl (C) and
that letter OF the type wheel overy vibration this
wheel must revoIve always . certain number OF times
minute, and these times mnst ever be squs n thee
Instruments have each vibrating spring OF tho tone,
the two psu umens alwan revolve In exact Il me
with each other.
carry around with them circuit closer (F) which vsvel.
over twenty sgh, pins CORES coudisg TO the letters
type vteel II any Of these pin, are touched By o,rfei
pondng keys the circuit closed stbo en the closer
passes that point The immature i'm nedis.ely 70 Is OF,
opens the dstent which locks the press 10 shs wheel
printed %0V snots. se until 'n again s''% sas
the action Of the mmaure. IL follows that II
be printed the keys the In psno,ore, and
10 abort lime alors become 30 expert that they touch
write Win pen me rapidly Of the in'irumen, is not
e9uscd by the operator ability, the fsser he Iouches
!. ~ a me u,Smsn oe
every eltcr-correcy, thus allowing operators 70 send
words BY a'isge m 1venent Of the hand, whilst In the
each letter.
The average speed Of TIL, instrument :. sbou, ESQ letters
per minute, and At this rate beth al the tine
being aiua ansmsios OF $50 LISTERS per Minute or
i've times ~ fast 80 the Morse.
The fact Of the possibility Of writing both wars simulta
reou,ly wire has been folly demonsuaed working
perfectly bots ways one and both curfcph being
lusy on the asme wire Al the same Instant OF time Ih.a
does not Affect the the oee ding but the In
sisni that dhiani once puts on battery the magnet
Thus essh magnet sc only from the distant battery and
NOT affected BY usvn ting, whilst receives perfectly
what s sent TO 10.
moment received, a. there Is necessity OF waiting until
line unoccupsd ~ In all other systems the limo al
thus IRE mssss void oo only Dc sen, very spdy mi
would lose no time a. the Office from which was scnt
Anohsr sres. ios,nrc 10 this machine NE freedom Of
disturbance from Atmospheric CAUSES This 10
oauscd By The line being always open except
II the infant Of the ssues being sent, then u 10
terry II cannot BY H. action spou The despatch .hrov
the Instruments out Of adj astment Tas hiss been fully
10 sss Yora 81, ees sarousS ssye9e thunder so,m.
the same Tune that The Morse and House systems had 70
repeat our time over ne ne ~uss and a ~ onc
except tose 70 which u dsaired 10 communlcas Ihu
accomplished By Asss on the type rheeI-.hi' n.nge
having the fstge cut 90, dIf.rept csicrs from esch
other. bok u ns1e 70 shde hforsn ms space and
moved tbroreh by ue action OF the Instrument IL THE
bolt IL cent through u the moment the space IL opposite
permu the inshumept 70 Rms not goes Against me
VIA, lt,sT certan ins,fumen v be unlocked touches
that hey; allows the insr1 nenf he wishes to com
nunt ate fun and be csn 'ene the message TO that
enc without fear OF oer tces getdns 49, ~ they all
yo, id he locked could not brias 'he'r inru
unison vfh &c communicating. Thus 10 aStoIutely
secret in Its rsnsm ssicn CO.. OF necessity say
one ecu senl his message, ~ 10 only necessary
ioush The tight EeIs (-hch are all ma'kedl 70 rs
The sdvsnpses OF this system over all other. are
l. Re great rspdityp'in,ng 2so letters each vsy per
mnue.
o. s,ndns ED receivi he sane tine over cne wire
3. The extreme deucacy Of the Magnet working with
less battery tbsn any other system.
a. N only requiring electrical wave 70 each letter
being the only system that worked With
IT. ptrie-t Freedom from atnoipteTic tsta baaces
Q. US pos er Of sending With seeresy % any otnoe
Z. lie extcme simplicity, beng simple And .ir 'rg,
performing It's 10 day after cay uitsou, ever aas;l
the n6Sust
In orde That tie w0rkrg Of he Hagae5 ias1rsnel