The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, 1857-05-14

FirSt-The expression tfterritory and other pro-
perry" of the Union, in the Constitution, applies sin
terms" only to such territory as the Union possessed
at the adoption of the Constitution.
Second-The rights of citizens of the United States
emigrating into any Federal territory, ard the power
of the Federal Government there depend on the
general provisions of the Constitution, which defines
in this, as in all other respects, the powers of Con-
gress.
THlrd-As Congress does not possess power itself
to make enactments relative to the persons or property
of citizens of the United States, in q Federal Territory,
other than such as the Constitution confers. SO it can
not constitutionally delegate any such powers to a
Territorial Government, organized by it under the
Constitution.
Fourth-The legal condition of a slave in the State
OF Missouri isAot affected by the temporary sojourn
Of such slave in any other State, but on his return
his condition still depends on the laws of Missouri.
As the plaintiff was not a citizen of Missouri, he,
therefore, could not sue in the Courts of the United
States. The suit must be dismissed for want of
jurisdiction.
The delivery of this opinion occupied about three
hours, and was listened to with profound attention
by a crowded Court Room. Among the auditors
were gentlemen of eminent legal ability.
We clip the following news items from the Wash
ington correspondent of the sam paper:
SANDWICH ISLANDS RECIPROCITY TREATY.-The
Senate during its extra session ratified all the pending
extradition treaties. The Sandwich Islands Recipro-
city Treaty was taken up again the day before the
adjournment, and after discussion, upon two test
votes, was bound to have at least tWo-thlrdS the
Senate in its favor.
Its opponents then gave notice of their intention to
debate it until the end of the session if necessary to
defeat it, and it was abandoned. AS Mr.. Allen, the
Hawaiian Minister, is here, it is expected that the
treaty will be revived at once, and submitted to the
Senate again at its next session, when it will be
ratified. You will remember that it will give you
Sandwich Island sugar free of duty, among various
other articles.
New LINE OF STEAMERS ON THE PACIFIC COAST OF
MExICo.-The Mexican Government has concluded a
contract with Capt. ]. b. G. Isham, Tate of the Mail
Company's line between San Francisco and Panama,
for the navigation of the Pacific coast by a line Of
frst-class steamers. By the terms of the contract
the Company, of which Capt. Isham is the head, has
the exclusive privilege of navigating, by steamers,
the Mexican coast from Tehuantepec to the Western
and Northern line of its territory, including the Gulf
of California. The first steamer is to be placed on
the route within six months after the signing of the
contract.
New GUANo IsLANDs.-Capt. Isham has also pro-
iected the working of certain Guano Islands on the
coast of Lower California. This is not strictly o
government matter; but, in consideration of certain
privileges in which the Government agreed to protect
the company, SO on every ton of guano exported goes
to the Republic. 1t is said that these islands contain
upwards of 200 900 tons of guano, which is classed as
of equal value with the Peruvian guano, which
readily sells in the United States and Europe at from
$40 to $50 a ton. Operations are to be commenced
within six months from December last.
The DOWNFALL OF WALKER.-The flibusters are
now, and have been for some weeks, completely
isolated in Nicaragua. With the Transit broken up,
and no probability of the communication being re-
opened, their position is sufficiently perilous; but the
future seems still more threatening. The Garrison
Morgan line seems disposed to leave Walker to his
fate, and it may be doubted whether an attempt will
be made to reopen The route until the flibusters are
expelled. 4 new element has entered into the strug-
gle in the shape of n recently organized company, to
which has been granted a new line of transit by
Nicaragua and Costa RIGA jointly, at the head of
which is the noted New York capitalist, Simeon ORA
per. How this privilege will effect the interest of the
grantees of the old Transit, remains to be seen. 1t
is, however, now a moral certainty That Walker must
fall. With no recruits arriving, and none in pros
pect, the fate of flibusterism will soon be sealed
May the consummation be speedy and lasting