Belmont chronicle. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1855-1973, 1857-02-05
sit5l- 5-l g-l From the n Y. Tribune.
DIR, Livingstenes Discoveries.

The secret of Africa has ceased to be
That mysserions garter Of the globe. las
IN civilization -fsr in the geography of hu
man advancement, a. well az in physica
geography, Egypt has always been q part o.
Asia-for,ifed. against foreigners by it,
compact form, its fatal fevers. the fabulou.
savagery of it's Inhabitants, and more than
eli, the uneeftsin terror which is eyery-
where protected like shsdow frem the IN.
kaovn, has within few years past, lost
much Of lis Know Nathipg character. The
sources Of The Nile has heep almost reach
ed. The cohnssies to tbo south Of Sahsra
he Wafars Of the Niger, and TuBuxEs have
,been regularly sent IA within three or hour
hundred miles of the geographical center Of
the country North Of tie Cape of Good
Hope, Lake Ngami has recently added
something to our knowledge, and its discov-
erer, DR.. Livingstone, is now astonishing the
lovers of heroic perseverance and perfect
maps, by his details of a walk of 2 ooe miles
from St. Paul de Loando on the Atlantic,
to Quillimane on the Indian Ocean.
DR.. Livingstone is nearly forty year. old. .
His face furrowed by hardi hips and thirty
fevers, and black with exposure to burn
ing sun. His left arm is crushed and nearly
helpless from the too cordial embrace of an
African lion, and sixteen years among saw
ages have given him an African accent aud
great hesitancy in speaking English. Pass
ing through all Privations with the heart ola
true hero, not as sacrifices but as victories,
he reached ST. Paul de Loando in May,
1854, after foot journey of one thousand
miles from his mission among the Bech-
unas. He remained at St. Loando until
the close of the year, when he set out for
the unknown East. in March he arrived at
QuiIlimine, where he was taken up by a
British man-of-wsr. On the wsy he traced
the Leesmbye down to the Zambeze. thus
demonstrating the existance in the center
of this unknown land of river som. two
thousand miles long.
This immense stream, whose discovery is
the great fruit ofthe journey. is in itself an
enigma without parallel. But small por-
ton of its waters reach the sea Coast. Like
the Abyssinian Nile, it falls thr ough bas-
attic cleft, near the middle of its course.
which reduces its breadth from 900 10 20
Yards. Above these falls it spreads out
periodically into grea. sea. filling hundreds
of lateral channels; below it is tranquil
stream of totally different character. Its
mouths seem to be closing. The souther-
most was navigable when the Portuguese
irs' arrived in the country 800 years ago,
but it has long since ceased TO be practica-
BILE. The Quiliimane mouth has OF la.s
years been impossible, even for canoe.
from July to February, and Tor 200 or 800
miles up the river navigation is never at-
tempted in the dry season. And this very
month of July, when the tower portion OF The
river, alter April freshets, hss shrunk to a
mere driblet, above the falls the river
spreads out like sea over hundreds ol
square miles. This. with frequent catsracts,
and the hostility of the natives, would seem
to be an affectual bar to the high hopes Of
fat trade and filibustering in which English
merchants and journals are now induiging.
During this Unprecedented march, alone
and among savages, 10 whom white face
was a miracle, DR. Livingstone was CON-
PEELED to struggle through indescriable
hartships. The hostility of the natives he
conquered by his intimate knowledge of
their character, and the Bechuana tongue to
which theirs is related. He wcded river
and slept in :he sponge and ooze Of marsh
es, being often so drenched as to be conf
PEELED to turn out his armpit into a watch
pocket His cattle were destroyed by the
terrible tse tse fly and he was too poor to
purchase canoe. Lions were numerous,
being worshiped by many Of the tribe. as
the receptacle of The departed souls Of their !
chief; dangerous, too, as his chrushed arm |
testifes. However, he thinks the fear OF |
African wild beasts greater in England than
in Africa. Many of his documents were lost |
while crossing river in which he came |
near losing his life also, but he has men, |
oranda of the attitudes and longitnaes of a |
multitude of cities, towns. rivers and noun
tains, which will go far to fill up the "un-
known region" in our ALIASES.
Toward the interior he found the country |
more fertile and more poDuloul. The ma
tiyes worshiped Idols, believed in transm'- |
grated existence after death, and performed ]
religious ceremonies in groves and woods. |
They were less ferocious and suspicious than /
the sea board tribes, had tradition Ct the |
d-luge and more settled Governments.-
Some OF them practiced incubation, and
usei q1inine, and were eager 10. trade, be-
ing entirely dependent on English calico for |
clothing, small piece Of which would pur-
chase slave. Their language was sweet |
and expressive. Although their women, on |
the whole, were not well treated, man
haviag as many wives as he chose. They |
were complete mistresses OF their own
houses and gardens which the husband dar-
ed not enter in his wife's absence, they |
were fonG of show and glitter, and as much |
rs $3.50 had been paid for an English rife.
On the arid p!atena OF the interior, water
melons supplied the place of water for some
months of the year, as they do ON the plains
of Hungary in summer. A Quaker tribe on
the river Zanga, never fight, never have the
consumptio /, scrofula, hydrophobia, cholera,
small pox or measles. These advantages,
however, are coun: rbnlanced BY the nec's-
sity of assiduous devotion to trade and ral*-
ing children 10 make good their loss from
the frequent inroads of their fighting neigh
bors.
DIR. Livingstone's discoveries, in their
character and their commercial value, have
been declared by Sir Roderic Murchison to
be superior to any since the discovery of the
Cape of Good Hope by Vasco de Gam,-
But greater than any commercial value is
the lesson which they teach-that all OBJ
stacles yield to a resolute man.
LOTTERIES To BE ABoLisHEp.-Thc peo-
pie of Delaware have adopted an amend
ment to the constitution of the State, pro-
hibiting lotteries after January Is,, 1862.
The Governor has signed the amendment,
and he asks the Legislature to make the