Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1857-05-08
go resources Of Russia.

J1r;tod States with Foreign Powers FURNISHES .n0
foIiowng information OF the immense anu Varleu re-
o,rcos Of the Russian Empire. 1t Will De seen 'na
% fanfare. notwithstanding the severity OF the
mafe there is very large producuon OF 'he s'aIes
entering into the consumption OF 'ne "aSSes Whilst
in some articles OF manufacture Russia is almost
without rival. 1t will be notlced' 100 that IN FER
f;o trade the balance is in her favor, indicating
49, oIsorvance of a sound commercial policy.
Tho area over which Russia holds dominion is es
,irooted in English square miles at 2 ,022478 in Eu
rome. and !, 261, O75 in Asia and America, making,
orand total of 7,283,553. The population OF inc
Empire in Europe in 1852 was estimated al oS'ot'
1916 and in the extra European posses d.
900, forming a grand aggregate of 69ooO 10 10
The products of Russia vary with the dlnefence
of soil and climate Cereals OF every KIM are '"cSe
in great abundance but rye, beng Inc common Ioou
of The peasantry, is produced III muGh greater 4Ua1
,itiesVtban anv other sort of grain Tho total annual
induction of grain in European Russia Onciudng
Poland) NAV be estimated in ordinary years at l.
495 600 600 bushels, at value Of about S|2O'4lo,
665 Flax and hemp are also extensively cul1lVated
and constitute leading export of Russia. 1ooaceo
is cultivated in the southern provinces and OF late
years much attention has Heen gwen 10 the cultIVa-
ton of beet. root. In 1S48 the quantity OF sugar
manufactured from this article estimated at g.
24O, 900 pounds. allow and wool are also lmpor-
lant articles in the export trade OF Russia the an
nual exports of the latter amounting to ABOUT 1o,'
000 900 pounds The climate of Russia is not,
however we'll adapted to the production of fine wool
and, although much attention has been gwen 10 the
improvement of the breed of sheer, Russia cannot
enter into competition with Australia In supplying Tor
eign markets with this article
The manufacturers of Russia are not generally in
a very advanced condition. In some departments OF
manufacturing industry, however this country ex-
cells all others Every attempt to initiate her leather,
especially such is used for book binding purposes,
has proved failure and Russia sill continues to
enjoy, she doubtless will, undisputed
nlIy rl1oto
valuable production. Her glass manufactures are
also highly esteemed single plates have been manu-
featured at the ST. Petersburg glass-works, which
have readily sold for $4,000. Her other manuac-
lures are saicOth, Codage canva tick. felt, mats,
potashes, soap, Candles caviar, sngass, spirits, and
some minor articles for domestic consumption.
The cotton manufactures OF Russia have made
rapld progress during the past twenty years, and in
stead OF the vast quantities of cotton yarns formerly
imported, she now imports largely OF the raw material
IN 1852 the quantity of raw cotton imported, was
10000 pools, 4176, 900 lbs;) in 1852 it assembled
10 ,748,OO0 poods (62,92 900 lbs.) of which she
received from the United States Ii, AIS, 1853 lbs.
The total manufactures of Russia employ $685.
700 persons, of which number 100000 are engaged
IN the manufacture of fax and hemp. The total an
nual value of Russian manufactures is estimated at
486,OOO,OOO silver roubes, 1854 500 00O) Moscow
- the grand centre of this branch of industrial pur
suits, and is Inhabited almost exclusively by manu-
lecturers and artisans.
The commercial relations Of the United States with
Russia are regulated by the treaty OF October g.
1882 Its stpulations provide for entire reciprocity
and perfect commercial equality between the two
countries. 1t has been observed in good faith by
both Governments, and its provisions and spirit
faithfully adhered TO.
According to McCulloch, in work published in
1854, none but native Russians are allowed 10 engage
IN the internal trade of the country; and henc: a
foreigner who imports goods into Russia must sell
mil nd Of no NUh hey
arrive. The merchants engaged in the foreign trade
are mostly foreigners, of whom the English are the
principal. Every Russian carrying on trade must
be burgher, and have his name registered in the
burghers's book. These burghers are divided into
three guilds. Foreign merchants or guests are per,
mtted to enrol their in the city register the
payment Of from 5000 to $3.50 per annum The
number of merchants of the three guilds engaged in
commerce in 1916 was 40, 1914, whose declared cap
ltal amounted to $86, $780, OO while the number o.
foreign merchants was but 3d. employing capita
of $389,OOO
The effect of the war formally declared March
81, 1854 on the direct trade between the United
States and Russia is shown by the fact that while II
1883 the total value of domestic produce exported
from the former 10 the latter country amounted t.
$,3l3,l75; in 1854 it reached but $3.50 ,52l and II
1885 1t was reduced to the nconsiderable sum o.
$48,94O Cotton absorbed $48,647 of this last sum
and besides the domestic produce exported to Russia
IN 1885, there was also exported foreign produce tt
the amount of $20,4l4. In 1854 the exports from
Russia to the United States consisted principally
two articles-rice, $21,723 in value; and cotton
$3O!,29 In 1853 we sent Spermaceti oil, $3.50
lumber, $l,585; dye.stufs, $6,648 hams and bacon
S44l shlp-breaG, $3,268 rice, SIS ,564, cotton, 81,
&3434a to; tobacco leaf $14,1O9 tobacco manufac
tured, 81 ,lo4 sundres $18, 981-tota $2,313, 175
The foreign trade of Russia though interrupted il
in its usual course in 1854, by the war; yet exhibited
considerable importance, the total exports amounting
to SAG ,OO3 1862, and the total imports $52768, $50
The export of coin (gOld and sver) during the SAM
year. 10 the early part of which the expectation 0
gold com was prohibited, amounted to $9,370, 372
while the import of the same from abroad was So,
|2O'Ol4. The commerce of the country In 1882 /
thus stated Total exports, $S8, 855,372; total i'm
porte $84, 648,039 balance in favor of Russia, 81,
2O7, 1893.
The public debt of Russia in 1853, as given in tn
Almanac de GOtha 1882" was 1888, 573 ll2 sve
rOubes 1881 ,429,834) This includes $271 500, 0O
OF paper money in circulation of which $38, 250, 0G
bears interest
1t has already been remarked that the manufac
ture of cotton in the Russian Empire is progressing
with extraordinary activity. The number of spind
les in Russia exceeds $4,000, producing annual
upwards of 10000, 600 pounds of cotton yarns. Tn
manufacture of cotton velvets especially is becomin
highly important to the direct trade between tn
United States and Russia, the material beln
almost exclusively supplied, either in the direct o
indirect trade, by the former country. Former
cotton Vevets were supplied to the Chinese excu
sivey by the British. The Chinese now prefer tn
Russian manufacture hence it has become leadin
staple Of barter at the Russia frontier markets {
China
SECRET SOCIETIES IN FRANCE. People affirm tina
all the secret societies in France have disappeare
altogether, but occasionally they show their head
aEcye The surface of society, 10 be pushed down aga
into their holes ty the foxy police which Louis Ma
pOIean pays expressly for secret society business
The Bons Enfans is the of the latest, compose