Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1857-04-09

the rival sections of the Union, and it can
not happen that their experience will not
throw light upon the question.
In an article published few days since,
we showed that the migration of foreign labor
to the South was arrested in 1908, by the
restrictions on the slave trade; that the mi.
grafton of labor to the North has been con.
tinued that both sections have been drain,
ed by the widening West, but that to one
the drain has been supplied from abroad
that to the other, it has not been supplied
from abroad and that while South Carolina,
therefore, in 1850, had lost $4,000 of her
natives, who were then in other States, Mas.
sachusetts had as many as were alive Of her
natives, and 96,O0 more. 1t was from NO
cause naturally incident to slave labor, that
the slave trade was arrested in 1908; it was
from no cause naturally incident to free la
Dor, that the migration of foreign labor has
continued and the fact, therefore, that the
population of ofMassachusetts is now the larger,
is not important to. the question.
The population of Massachusetts is the
larger, and it is only important to see wheth-
er they exhibit a corresponding excess Of
productive capacity. In respect of manu-
factures there is no comparison. South
Carolina has had an excess of land, and a
still greater excess has been soliciting her
people to the West. She has also had most
productive products AS unnatural, there
fore, as have been the profits of manufactur-
ing, in virtue of the tariff, the profits of agri-
culture have been greater; and to agriculture
our labor has been directed. Massachusetts,
has had no such excess of land, and her la
Dor has been forced to elect between emf
grafton or the mechanic arts The mechan-
ic arts, in virtue of the protection afforded
by the tariff, has been profitable, and her la
Dor has taken that direction; but its profits
have been Fictitious, and as it does not ap-
pear that without the tariff there would have
been any such establishments there, or any
such excess of population, it would be prop
er to leave this branch of industry out of
consideration, and compare their achieve
ments in those departments only in which
both have been engaged.
The numbers engaged in agriculture are
nearly equal. In 1850, the population of
Massachusetts was 994, 900; that of South
Carolina, 6sS,OOO. Of the population of
Massachusetts in 1850, 10000 were en-
gagged in manufacturing allowing 100000
more for mercantile and other mechanical
pursuits, we have still G6S, 900 for agricul-
ture and such collateral employments as OBJ.
tain in South Carolina, and some approxima-
tion to the relative efficiency of free and
slave labor may be made by comparison
of the leading products of the two States
For this purpose we have prepared table,
from the statements presented by the Secre-
tary of the Treasury to the Senate of the
United States, at the last session of Congress,
which may be seen below. From this it ap-
pears that, while the agricultural products
of Massachusetts, had fallen off, from 1910
to 1850, to the extent of S36,00n, those of
South Carolina had increased $685., ,000.-
This report is manifestly defective in the mat
ter of hay; while the value allowed to Massa-
chusetts, in 1850, was Sc, ,5lS, 900, that to S.
Carolina was only 100000; and yet, while
we import to very inconsiderable extent,
we have more than twice as many neat cat
tie, and more than three times as many hor-
ses and mules. The error is in the fact that
no allowance is made for the blades of corn,
or fodder, which, in this State, is the SUBJ
stitute for hay, and which is, doubtless, pro-
duccd to an amount quite as great as is hay
in Massachusetts,. Notwithstanding this,
however, it will be seen that while the value
of the leading products in Massachusetts was
only s14, 100000, those of South Carolina
were sa9, $4,000. >
We do not say that the 66S, 900 people of
South Carolina produced more than the 994,-
600 in Massachusetts,; but'we say thatin the
census reports there is evidence that the
whites and blacks of South Carolina produce
more than the equal number of whites in
Massachusetts, that compete with them in
agriculture, and that this being the result of
one line of competition, we have the ground
to infer that the same relative efficiency
would be carried to any other line of compe-
tition.
We would say more. ofthe 5000 in
South Corolina, 2S4, 900 are free white men
and 354 900 are blacks, and all but few
thousand slaves. Now, we have shown in
another issue ofour paper that these 2S4, 900
white men have larger proportion of pro-
pcrty to the man than any other people known
to history; and We would now say that, from
these statistics, they are shown to have
larger yearly income. These articles are
but moiety of the yearly products of the
State; but while these s29, 10000 are di.
vidcd among the $4,000 whites who are
concerned in their production, the sl4, ,000,-
900 of Massachusetts, are shared among all
the 6GS, 900 white people who concurin their
production, and whatever, therefore, may
be said of the moral aspects of slavery there
can be no question but that it affords SUBJ
jcct of profitable investment, and that the
greater average of wealth will be among that
people who adopt it.
AS wealth and the consequent exemption
from manual labor is the condition of intel
lcctual culture, We might perhaps be war
ranted in saying that there also will be the
higheraverage of intelligence andre6nement;
but as capital and enterprise will always seek