The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1857-03-17


which Great Britain and the United States produce two
thirdswhen you TO remember that the advantages
Of cheaper capital which the foreign producer
daily diminishing with the increased facilities OF IN
tercourse and with accumuations Of wealth.
how the ron-master fear such reduction OF duty
proposed here 1t idle that he should
do so. We know that every mile of railroad which is
laid down is computed TO take ninetyseyen tons OF iron
to make it, and every mile that is made requires an-
nuay eight tons of iron to repair It, Upon this esti
maize for the annual repair of the twenty thousand
miles of railroad that computed in 1906 to have
been made in the United States aud FOR the construction
OF three thousand miles pf new roadthe supposed an
nua addonthee must be required yearly in this ceun-
try alone about four hundred thousand tons OF hon The
railroad consumption OF iron in the residue Of the world
must be very far greater We know, too that this de-
mand is constantly growing from the increased use
iron, only for its accustomed purposes but also from
the new of that material The French estimate that
for every fifteen hectares OF arabic land there annual
waste Of fifty kogrammes Of IRON and for every fifty tons
Of shipping built there must be used of that metal
and in the construction of houses and also OF ships its
is constantly growing In England 1t is already estimated
cheaper material for shipbuildng than wood They
say that In the city of Glasgow alone they use two hun
ing gas pipes and water pipes, and tubular bridges, and
matters OF that sort. In short il l had time to 60
into the subject could show, think, that 1t is in
eviabe that the demand for iron must increase faster
than the production and that this increased production
must come mainly from Great Britain and the United
States, but mainly from the United States for Great
Britain already begins 10 give proo of being doerasked
in the fact of the enhanced cost of production which has
made by the recent additions to her annual make OF
Is POLITICAL prophecy, "
that should there commercial revuson no fnen-
ca revuson in years from this time there will be no
talk of duty on iron as raw material The manuac-
of iron may perhaps ask for duty on
ed iron but by that time we ought become exporters
| of the raw material.
To show how unnecessarily sensitive these great inter
ests sometimes are, found, to me the strange fact in
study the history of the iron interest," that at one time
the iron OF Great Britain very much alarmed
for fear they should be injured By the composition from
that Of The plantations should manufacture iron wares
oAny kind out Of any sows pigs or bara Whatsoever tn
I der certain penalties.
Just as idle, in my opinion, would Il be for Pepnsyva
mia to fear any injury from foreign competition under far
less duty thsa propose is 1t not known that since the
discovery Of the not ba the anthracite iron Is cheap
eat in the wessd Cannot Pennsylvania withstand the
whole world in competition of this sor for where else do
you find such stores OF anthracite and of lying eaeth
err In 1856 the production of anthracite Iron In this
country compared with England was already as three
hundred and sixty thousand TO hundred and forty
thousand TOMS and there every reason hope that
shall exhibit still moro marked superiority in the future
If then, the iron interest has reason TO fear the
ehahge here proposed what other interest has IL II the
sugar interest2 If the sugar interest cahno stand with
protection of twenyhrco per cent that twenty three per
cent which Is Of Itself great profit let theh turn their
and their lands to COTTON, Which certainly is profit
able pursuit Let all those which cannot do well under
such protection this change their pursuits at once for
that itself evidence that they should change The only
loss would be that OF machinery for their lands and their
able occupation The loss Of the machinery would
fall lightly them if the change of pursuit were gradually
made Hut in point OF fact understand that the sugar
interest is content with twentyhree per cent All those
with whom have conversed have told that they
content TO be placed where the other protected articles
were left
The cottons receive the per cent and need
not dwell that because have talked with many of the
cotton mer and they cay they are contented It the
j woolien INTEREST," | think can show that, wi the
changes made here the manufacturers Of wooen articles
in far better position than they under the old tariff
Under the tariff OF 1886 they paid duty Of thirty per
r nd a ton
ranging from twenty to twenty-five and thirty per cent
the manufactured article propose to reduce the proctec
ton the manufactured articles of wool to the rates of
and nineteen per cent and to reduce the duty
wool to eight per cent Under the tariff of lsA6,
then from the protection of twenty per cent? you must de-
duct the thirty per cent the material supposed by
the Secretary of the Treasury to constitute onethrd of its
entire values that is to say ten per cent of the whole
that the protecting duty was equivalent only to ten per
But under my proposition the manufacturer of wool
len receives nineteen per cent from which deduction Of
onethrd of eight per cent leaves little more than six
teen per cent The mode of calculation would show
that the hiry-per-cent duty Of 1916 did not afford
quite much protection as the twenty threeper-cent duty
according to my scheme So that the process which
benefits the manufacturer cheapens the price to the
the manufacturer being benefited because be
sells his cloth for but because be buys his mate
rial for less
Not only this but the woolen manufacturer is benefited
by other changes which propose lie gets his dye
sufs either free at reduced rate of duty That 10
worth something him, that he stands in better posi-
ton than be did under the tariff OF 1896 Who else them
is there to whom shall appeal Is it the grower of the
material of WOOL who is reduced from thirty eight
per cent? acknowledge that il were to consult my
personal sympathy have sympathy for the grower
OF wool than the manufacturer but believe that in max
ing this change while benefit the manufacturer and
cheaper the commodity shall not Djure the woogrow
and will proceed briefly TO give my for this
opinion.
1t is manifest that If the woolgr0wer demands proec
ton he admits that he cannot sell abroad IL he cannot
sell abroad be cannot sell at home unless there be home
market that is unless the manufacturers of wool
succeed He depends them for that market where be
has advantages in supplying it. Now, it ia known that
with the thirty per cent the material the finer
duty tie material has crippled and restrained the
progress of the woollen manufacturer There Is
believe that by diminishing this duty, and allowing the
manufactures TO go on, you will produce still greater de-
mand for domestic wool There believe it, be-
the English history shows It, When they took the
duty from wool the manufacturers were enabled to extend
their operations the home demand increased and the price
with it. The Is that order TO for certain pur
poses the qualities wool which mostly produce have
TO import finer wool TO mix with them We find il pro6ta
BILE too TO import the woods of South America which, they
enable to receive the dyes better than they
would without the admxture Bat Is obvious that the
woods which raise for the part stand in danger
of foreign competition The wool from sheep whose
Is valuable stand the competition of that from sheep
raised anywhere If the 10 OF value where IL is
raised As proof of this fact that the English
carcass pays the cost of production. In any country
where the Leicesers the Cotswolds and the Soubdowns
paying sheep their wool de6es all competition
for the purposes which Is applicable But there are
some to which this wool cannot be applied and it
has been shown by experience that the importation of the
finer woods, duty Free is auxiliary rather than adj
vesay the production of the longer and kinds
halta