Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1857-11-14

sNllb'u dS DclilU NPIN Hd'l. ! ne government OI
the Territory Of New Mexico seems 10 tt una
be to aior dproec,on to The settlers, 10 give sc-
curity to business and property or to exercise
any control whatever over the moral condition
of the people. The result is that complete anar-
chy prevails. The bitierest hostility exists be-
tween the american settlers and their immediate
Mexican noighbors in Sonora and Chihuahua
This hostility has been greatly aggravated by
the filibusteriug invasons of Walker and Crab
be from California into Sonora, and especially
by the disastrous i5sue OF the expedition oi the
latter, and the dreadful but Just punishment
which was visited upon him and his deudcd fol-
lowers. Parties have arisen among The Arizoni
ads, many Of whom itfstify fllibusiersm, and
some no doubt a'e fillibuslers themselves All
90 armed TO the teeth, and conflicts, murders,
and iobberles mark the intercourse between the
Mexicans and Americans. This state of things
is urged to show the indispensable necessity of a
territorial government. II appears from the lat
est accounts that a party of Arizonians recently
made what they call an "excurson" into Sonora,
and captured a train of mules and killed several
Mericans but that when they returned with
their ill.gotten booty, the citizens created sort
OF provslonary government and formed com
pany or vigilance committee, and took the prop
erty and restored il to the Mexican owners, be-
sides holding the robbers in custody till courts
should be organized for their trial.
The mineral resources OF Arizona will Of course
constitute the only or the main inducement for
its settlement. The reports as to the extent of
these resources are not wholly authentic and
satisfactory but allowing for good deal of ex-
aggcration. they are sufficient, and will undoubt-
edly operate to attract thithcr a sufficient num-
Der Of Adventures TO lay the foundation OF a
State. Gold, silver, copper, iron and lead are
said TO abound throughout the territory, and
mines of all these metals are now more or less
extensively and successfully worked by various
companies and individuals. The silver which
has been carried TO San Francisco and smelied
is said to yield ordinarily $4,000 per ton of ore.
Senator Gwin, 1t is stated will bring with him,
rext month. TO Washington, a piece Of silver,
showing SS735 per ton of ore.
Among other immediate inducements for emf
grafton TO Arizona, and reasons for the organi-
cation of a territorial government there, is the
fact that Congress has appropriated s200000
for the construction Of a wagon road through the
whole length Of the territory, form the Texas
boundary, near FL Paso, 10 Fort Yumas, in Cal.
fornia a, the junction of the Colorado and the
Gia rivers and also the fact that the contracts
for Transporting mails semi-montlly and semi
weekly, over the wagon route, will involve an
expenditure of something near million dollars
year, besides the establishment Of grazing sta
tions, military posts, &c.
The agricultural capabilities of Arizona
probably very small. Our knowledge Of the
country in this respect. is limited almost wholly
10 the information obtained by Lieut Parke an
Major Emory, in their surveys Of the Southern
Pacific Railroad route, which, as we ave said
passes through the whole length of the territory,
from Dona Ana, on the Rio Grande, to the june
ton of the Gila. with the Colorado of the West.
! Lieut.. Parke's survey extended from the Rio
Grande 10 the Pimos villages on the Giia lie
describes the country generally, as very unprom-
sing to the agriculturist--the soil arid and dry,
furnishing scan,y supply of grass and forage :;
the water scarce along the whole line, there be.
ing moi more than eight or ten localities where
the supply could be permanent and the quaint
ity of timber along the route very limited, cot
tonwood, the only growth Of any size, being
found in only four localities. The plains
barren and destitute OF trees Of any description,
and the mountains have general appearance of
stertility and ruggedness, yielding in the con-
cealed hooks and valleys a meagre growth of
cedar and dwarfsb evergreen oak Major En-.
ory's description of the country upon the Gis,
which he followed from The Pimos villages TO the
Colorado, is not inviting. The plains are for
the most part destitute of vegetation the soil
light brown, loose, sandy earth, which was so
deficient in organic matters that II was imagined
to contain something dceterous to vegetation.
The bottoms of the river were wide, rich, and
thicky overgroyn with willow and a tall aro-
matte weed but the table lands generally, ac-
cording to Major Emory, were dreary beyond
description, covered with blocks of bas at, with
few intervals of dwarf growth of larrea, an OF.
fensive grass which the hungerest mules wou Id
/ NOT tnuch RoSIun Eautisr