The Washington union. [volume] (City of Washington [D.C.]) 1857-1859, 1857-06-19
PROGRESS OF COTTON MANUFACTURES IN
SAXONY.

The kingdom of Saxony, situated in the very heart
of Germany and rich in its vast mines of ron cop
per, lead, and coal has advanced more steadily and
progressed more rapidly in the development of its
manufacturing industry than any of the other States
composing the German Zollveren. Its agricultural
resources, even during the most favorable seasons,
seldom exceed the demands for home consumption,
but such is the activity of its manufacturing enter
prise and the intelligence and skill with which that
enterprise is conducted, that its 100000 inhabitants
seldom feel any of the lamentable effects which short
crops and other cereal vicisstudes so common du-
ring the past eight years have produced in
other portions of Europe. In word Saxony is an
industrious, thrifty, enterprising kingdom and may
Justly be styled the prince of German manufacturers
1t has been officially announced in the very able
Report on Foreign Commercial Relations, recently is
sued from the Department of State, that the exports
of cotton tissues in 1853 from all the States Of the
Zolverein amounted in vane to 81, 394,497, of
which sum the factories of Saxony contributed So,
O75, 299. This is not surprising when consider
that the cotton industry Of the kingdom is guided by
spirit of liberalty and enlightenment which seeks
out every modern Improvement and at once intro
duces it in its factories and workshops. The cele-
brated fairs held every at Dresden and Leipsic
the transactions of the latter amounting annually to
$4,000 900; the great perfection of their manufac
lures Of fine porcelain silk and woollen fabrics, jew
ery, musical and scientific instruments, known
throughout the commercial world, and therefore
pass them over for the present rather,
them for some future occasion Cotton-spnning has
&c, ,f apIx,,a
purpose to examine somewhat infinitely the progress
of this branch Of industry. In this task we arc
materially aided by Dr. Engel Chief Of the Bureau of
Statistics at Dresden, who has just issued from the
press of that city an interesting volume cotton
spinning in Saxony, since the commencement Of the
present century, under the title of Die Baum Woea
Spinncrei, i'm Koemgreich Saehsea. The Doctor ac
knowledges that he derived the most valuable portion
of his statistical data from the agents and officers Of
the FIRE insurance companies, and their accuracy is
therefore beyond question.
In 1880 the number Of cottonspinning factories in
the kingdom of Saxony was 81 in 1897 that number
was increased to 100; and in 1856, to 1885, Of these
there are in the circle of Zwittan, Ill in Lepsic
10; and in Dresden, Ii So spin on private account,
and 6S exclusively principally on account of cot
ton manufacturers; l07 are propelled by water
power, Z by steam, and 10 by water-power and
steam combined One hundred and thirty-three
spinning factories keep constantly III motion 534 SAC
spindes- giving an average to each factory of ALTO
spindles with a maximum of 81 444 and minimum
of 100. Their effective machinery is thus classified
1868 machines spinning fine numbers
2l57 do hand mule Jennies for spinning nns
numbers. ..... 1880. 5lsy4I2 spindcs
do called self actors for spinning tine
numbers. ~. 2I,5Si do
called half self actors for spinning
fine numbers. .-............. 1856 do
80 do called hydraulic for spinning fine
numbers. 0,I6i do
IL do designated for spinning lne
bers. n. ............... Io,5ss do
The spinning factories of Saxony consume annually
Cotton from the United States COS pounds
Cotton from the 432463 do
Total quantity annually consumed q, 3s30 jS do