davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
tlG-td
Extension Forever!

Owing to the immense business done by the under~
signed they have found il necessary 10 open another
BRANCH in OrovilIc, and have located it nearly OPP
poste the Orleans Hotel, and directly opposite the
Miners Bakery, on Montgomery sireet, where they
are opening and offer for sale, rs fine stock ot
Clothing Boots and shoes, Hats, Caps, and good
stock of Under Clothing can be found in their
well known establishment To The Miners and resi-
dents of Thompson Flat. Morris Ravine, Oregon
Guch and C,iy, and everybody, with their friends,
we would simply say, drop in and see US at the
Branch, examine stock, you have both the right
quantity and quality to select from. clothe your
selves comfortably, go on your way rejoicing. aud II
oar goods don't give you satisaCtion our names are
not ID. TOY & OTrERSON,
Montgomery street, opposite 81. Nicholas, and
Branch, opposite ncrs Bakery. do
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07

SQATTERIsM.--" God Almighty never
made men enough to crowd ME-" exclaimed
our digniied County Judge, while he was
trying to filch a village lot from the Cali
fornia Stage Co. The agent Of the com
pany however threw his stakes and fence off
the ground in the presence of the "Great
Am,'' and told him he could have law or
Anything he might desire but the lot
The Hon. Josephus Epaphroditus Lewis" got
up and got
OFF the lot,
As Edgar A. Poe would say. 1t is thought
he will be more successful in jumping Chi
knowledge allegiance to the Great J1sh
Epaph Nap Le,c!
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07

LARGE RAcE.-On the 9th of January,
according to the TO,on TAX, great ten
mile trotting match, for 1000, between the
celebrated stallion, Gen Taylor, and the
we'll known roadster, Honest John, was to
come off over the Pioneer Course. The lat
ter horse goes to wagon, and Gen Taylor as
he pleased. The race was play or pay"
rain or shius. This match has caused more
talk in sporting circles than any other made
for long time, and will be splendid per-
formance
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07

DEATH OF Mr.. Samuel
Swartwout, formerly prominent politician
of New York, died yesterday afternoon in
this city, at the age of seventy three. In
early life he was connected for a short time
with the navy. He was a steady and warm
friend of Aaron Bnrr. thou, h not implicated
in the latter's political delinquencies. He
was appointed under President Jackson, col
lector OF the port of New York, but his
term of office was cut short by an unfortu-
nate defalcation, into which he had been lei
by INSCRIPTIONS men His ardent temper
ament had induced him to enter largely in
to speculation in Texas lands. Improbable
coal mines. and various doubtful enterprises.
the CONSCIENCE of which was that he fell into
debt TO the government, and was charged
with being defaulter to the amount of over
million. With the exception of year or
two in Switzerland. Mr. SwartwOut has since
resided in New York, devoting himself en-
tirely to private affairs.
The United States revenue flag is flying at
half-mast, in respect to Mr.. Swartwout's
memory y-.NeW York Euening Post, 2lst.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
Miners 81 Families

ID. TOY & OTTERSON again request the especial
after ton Of all who wish lay in their winter stock
Of CLOTHING, BLANKETS, BOOTS and Wooen
Goods, to the magnificent assortment OF goods re-
ceved by them during the past ten days. They are
now opening and o1cr for sale
200 lne and heryy Beaver and Pe,ersham Oyercoats,
Frotks and Sacks;
100 heavy Pilot Cloth Coats. latest styles;
30 superb ''laelan" Goats. superior To any Tamas;
bales. so pr in each, heavy gray Blankets;
, bales 100 pr in each fine heavy blue blankets;
l bale. loo prc@tru "Erench super super white
Blankets:
30 doz. assorted Cashmere and Satt. Pants, late
styles, besides magnificent assortment OF Furnishing
Goods. Montgomery ST., Opposite ST. Nicholas late
IIuntoon's n7tf
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07

THEATRE LAST NIGHT.--The terrible
tragedy Of Lucretia Borgia was played last
night to n much better house than greeted
Julia" on Monday evening. Miss Potter's
rendition Of the character of the fearful
murderess, was sublimely and painfully in
teresting, and in every way verifying her
reputation as an accomplished tragedienne
Mr.. Brown played well his his part" as
Genarro, as he always does in whatever "bu-
siness" he undertakes. Don Alphonso was
well enacted by Mr.. Mortimer, and taken as
a tout ensemble the play was very credita-
bly, performed We were called away by
business before the farce was played, but
with Dumphries rs Pacdy Ryan, ,"and Mrs
Hunt as " Nancy we feel assured that it
was well worth seeing. "lngomar " and
the " Omnibus" are the plays for to- night.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS

To the Stockholders Of the |sOrO Tele-
graph Company"
Notice is hereby given that tho second nstollmen oi
% per cent of the amount of stock subscribed, is
due, PAYABLE to the Treasurer of said Company,
james McWiams, at the Banking House OF Ne
Williams X Tymeson in Oroyiile, and at the banking
house of Mark Brumogim * Co. in Maysville.
BY order of the President and Board of Directors
L. c. IlEWINGS, Secretary.
Oroville' January G, 1857. IGu
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
Eren9htoEn Cana! Mining C0mpany.

REAcHrowN, Dec. Is, 1876.
Notice is hereby given, that meeting OF the stock
holders OF the 'frenchtown Canal Mining Company
will be held ut the Merchants Hotel, Marysviilr, on
the tenth G0th( day OF JanuSry, 1857 for the purpose
of increasing the capital stock of said Company 10
sixty thousand dollars ($60,0u0)
Signed NJ. FULLER,
6. G. ADDISON,
.. Nj. EVANS,
". :. WATSON.
dG-td Trustee.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07

81 DIR. a. BALL, offers his professional SER
vices TO The Cizrns of Oroyille nhd vicinity, having
had much and lang experience in the treatment OF
the various diseases incident TO this climate. he hopes
to give satisfaction
Special attention given TO diseases Of private
ture. rheumatism, &c, which he without the
use OF mercury.
OFFICE, front room, No Il, United States Hotel,
M stairs-Oroville. OclU
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07

The comparatively small number
of passengers who left for the Allan
tic States by the last steamer, and
the great amount of treasure she
bears from our shores. are pleasing
evidences of the permanency of our
population and the steady yield of
the mines. The hurry and furry of
the first few unsettled years Of Cali
fornia life are passing away, old set
tiers are content to make this their
permanent abode, and those who now
a-days emigrate to our shores from
the older states, come here, as to a
new home. determined to identify
themselves with the affairs of this
glorious empire Of the West, and
trusting on its prosperity bring, their
children hither to grow up with her.
Every year adduces fresh proofs of
the capacity Of California to support
herself by her own products, agricul-
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
Pickisrgs sronn t2,e Poets.

" do remember aa Apothec,ry."- Rgaoo aad Joiief.
All who have need Of an Aro;arcary, or anything
IN an Apo,hecary's lue, viii boar in mind THAI the
CHEAPEST and BEST stock ot Medicines may be
had al the Drag Store OF
RANDALL x NcDERMOTr,
d22 Montgomery street, OruNiile.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
county Trcasuro'. GGicc,

OEONILLL. DtCvtubtr iuiil, ic5u.
Notice is hereby given. that all pcrsons holding Butte
County Warrants, payable from The General Fund,
rcgi stored between the 7lh Gay ct May l>;6, and jth
day of August ls56, except Warrants numbered le:.
ls3. lS4. la, 1870 and 19l that the same viii be paid
on presentation at tins Office. And nuIlce l. hriher
given. thar after this date said Warrants will cease 10
bear interest," WM BALTIMORE.
Teasurcr Nulle County.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
Dancing School.

oo MADAME PIQUE RESPECTFUL 81
"a ~ invites The Ladies' and Gentlemen of sfl
n OTOvie, 10 Join her DANCING SUliOOLF LFH
s-.sSsat the II Nicholas Hotel. She teachess- s--tel
all the most fashionable Dances Classes for Ladies
and Gentlemen, Tuesday aad Friday evenings
from S 10 10.
TERMS-SlO per month, in advance. LADIES
FREE in the evening classes. Private lessons during
the day. d29-my
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
SPECIAL NOTICES.
Groceries! Groceries I!
The HOLIDAYS are Coming.

And J T. KISSING. ut the oroville store, is still
prepared to furnish the inhabitants of OfoYnle aud
vicinity with the best quality of Grocrres, Wines
Liquors &c, Tor Il smaller sum Ct money. than ANY
lther house. The public arr respectfully invited to
all and examine his large and well selected stock of
Goods, AT wholesale retail, cheap tor cash.
Goods delivered fREE OF CHARGE. dis
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07

FATAL OUTBREAK AT THE NoMEE LACK
EE RESERVATIONS The withdrawal of the
United States troops from the above Indian
Reservation seems to have had bad effect,
and in the absence Of a sufficient force, the
Indians are menacing the government prop
erty and lives of the agent and his employ
ees. The San Francisco SIM, of Jan. Sd,
has obtained from Capt Chard the following
particulars Of an outbreak which occurred
there week before last:
Quite a number of the Feather River In
dians fed from the Reserve, and were pur-
sued by two parties of men, one under the
command of Mr.. Stevenson, the agent, and
the other under that Of another gentleman.
Mr.. Stevenson's party came up with the ref
ugees, who Immediately showed fight, and an
action commenced, during which three Of
the Indians were killed betere the party
could be made to submit. The other body
of pursuers also overlook Il number Of the
runaways, near the Sacramento river, but
they surrendered and were ordered to return
under the conduct Of one man. On the way
back two of the Indians suddenly seized their
white conductor, pulled him from his horse,
managed to shroud his head and arms in u
p0ncho he wore, and while squaw held him
down in this predcament, commenced beot-
ing him over the head with clubs. After
indulging in this pastime for while, their
victim being incapable of defense, managed
to get at his pistol, when he rid himself of
their attentions by shooting two Of them on
the spot, just as they were in the act of re-
peating their blows, having discovered that
he was not quite dead.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
Furniture! Furniture {!

JUST RECEIVED-a large assortment of Furni-
ture. Also, an invoice of large Gilt Frame Looking
Glasses, for sale To-" ut q. SCRiBEWS
Furniture Ware Rooms, Montgomery ST., three
doors below Myers 81. MO
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07

QuIcKsIvEE.-Duriug the past year 23.730
TASKS of quicksilver were exported from San
Francisco, which, by Custom House valua-
ton, we're worth 1888, ,lS5 25..
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
Feds! Beds !

Poola Beds for every BODY, at 20 per cent less thnn
Mary ysye prices, for 30 days only To make room for
entire new stock per first steamer TO orovile ut
c. Serb ER'$
Furniture Ware Rooms Montgomery street.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
From the Marysville Inquirer.
BY Telegraph.
SACRAMENTO, Jan STOP. NJ.

SACRAMENTO, Jan $40 P. NJ.
Senate met at II o'clock NJ. Called to or
der by x-Secretary Dausman.
Prayer by the Rev Mr. Benton.
Roll of members holding over called.
New members sworn in by Judge Terry.
Senator liltord gave notice that to-mor-
row he would Introduce a concurrent reso-
luton Cor convention to elect two L. ).
Senators.
Mr. Shaw gave notice Of 4 bill concerning
homestead insolvents and attachments
Adjourned until to morrow at | | \. NJ.
Assembled in caucus az I Z. VI
Assembly called to order by Maj Andcr
son, Ex-Clerk. Mr. Brent, Of Los Angeles,
chosen temporary Speaker.
Members sworn in by Judge Monson.
Adjourned until Tomorrow at II \. NJ.
The Democratic Caucus met mt Z. NJ -
Gen. S. II. Dosh, President pro ten.
The nominations were, Geo. Evans, of Tu-
olumnc, Secretary; James II. Ward, OF lia-
Ger, Assistant Secretary; J. Chapman, of AL
ameda, Enrolling Clerk Geo Webster, Of
San joaquin, Eugrossing Clerk Alex. Hun
ter, of FL Dorado, Sergeant Arms; John
McCiinchcr, OF Yuolumne, Doolkeeper. l..
L. Beatty, of Ca,avcras, is elected Speaker,
and VIM Campbell, of Sierra, is elected
Clerk of the Assembly
SAN Francisco, Jam. 90 p. NJ.
Steamer John L. Stephens sailel to-day
with 800 passengers and 81 ,6OJ.Olo in gold
dust.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
MOTyCE.

On and after this date, we the undersigned will moi
receive California Assay $40 pieces for moIe than
S9,75.
HEDGES & IIANNON.
MCWILLIAAiS II TYMESON,
A. &. CHICK & co.
Orovle January 4, 1857. jy4
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07

GREAT ere the troubles of the
Black Republicans organs lest Kan
sas should become settled and quiet,
and outrages and atrocities cease to
be enacted. Column after column
of these sheets are filled with shrieks
and groans Of imaginary sufferers"
and lamentations over chimerical
corpses Of murdered women and chill
dren, furnish material for hordes of
sympathetic editors and employment
to multitudes of "subs" whose dread
it is, that the troubles Of that unfor-
tunate Territory will come to a ter
mination, and they to a stand-still
for want Of q subject. But home
manufactured letters to the contrary,
Kansas is quiet. Governor Geary
has taken the matter in hand, and
adopted such measures as have had q
tendency to still the troubled ele-
ments and has expressed himself de-
termined to put down all attempts on
the part of "Border Ruffians' and
Freedom Shrickers' to create fur
thcr outbreaks. Emigration, that for
awhile was almost entirely suspend
ed by reason of the real and imagi-
nary damages so much talked Of, has
received fresh impetus under the
wise and decided administration Of
its present Governor, and crowds of
young adventurers are daily arriving,
from all parts of the Union. Busi-
ness has revived, and the appearances
denote that peace and prosperity
have really taken the place Of riot
and bloodshed. Painful as the Cir
cumstance must be to the "bleeders,"
order riegns in Kansas.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07

=. oh don't you remember sweet Alice, Zen Dolt,
Sweet Alice, WhO,e fare VAS 20 la.r.'
Al oNing to her having purchased her cosmetics
at the famous Drug store Of
RANDALL * McnERMOTr,
d22 Mungmuery street, OrOvtc.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07

BY A LETTER dated Dec. 10th,
Published in the Bulletin, from its
correspondent at Panama, we are in
formed that California passengers
went on shore and slept, as was the
custom in former days, before the
massacre of the Of the 18th of April.
The Greascrs are becoming convinced
that it won't pay to trihe with Uncle
Sam, and many of them admit the
necessity of the propose plan to place
the municipal control of Panama,
Aspinwall and the transit route in
the hands of our Government. The
authorities at Washington have as
sessed the damages of the railroad
riot at $S00,000, and offer to assume
the payment Of that sum to her citi-
zens if the New Granadians will
make this cession. The probability
is that the cession will be made, thus
giving our government the virtual
control of the entire Isthmus. Four
British men of war had arrived in
port, for what object was not known.
Maybe they don't relish the idea
of Uncle Sans probable ascendancy
in that quarter.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
FERRY NOTICE

"a Office II HEREBY GIVEN-1hal the under
~ signed will apply 10 the Board OF Supervisors
OF Butte county, AT hei February term, A. D. 1857
tor Il license to keep public Ferry across Feather
river, at place known as Burts Ferry"
January ), 1857. WILLIAM IiUSE.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07

tural and mineral, and manufactures
are fast becoming part and parcel
of the business of the State, and
whatever fears have ever been enter
tanned af the ultimate failure of the
mines, have almost ceased to exist
even as passing conjectures.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
"Throw rhysic to he Gog-,"-5:oc5tm

Mr.. Macbeth would never have made such ii rnsh
exclamation, had hc parthashd his ihyric lroil an
establishment such
RANDALL & McDEHNOTvE,
222 Montgomery street, OrUNille.
Oroville daily Butte record., 1857-01-07
Topics of the Day.

The LEGISLATURE has convened.
and with praisworthy promptness has
elected Speaker and Clerk of the
house of Assembly. The readiness
with which these officers have been
chosen, indicates a degree of una
nlmity of purpose and desire to con-
sumo as little time as possible in per-
forming their duties. We firmly trust
the future business of both houses
may be as promptly disposed of. AS
the best interests of the State re-
quire, notice has been given by Sena-
tor Tllford, Of his intention to intro
duce a concurrent resolution for a
Convention to elect two United States
Senators, and we have every reason
to hope that ere this week is ended,
the long mooted question "who shall
be our Senators" will be finally set
tied.
Another important move has been
made by Mr.. Shaw, in giving notice
Of bill concerning homestead in
solvents and attachments, the present
laws concerning which are of such an
unjust and oppressive nature as to have
called out the mcritcd disapprobation
Of almost the entire press Of the
State. 1t is to be hoped that these
odious laws may be SO amended as
to serve the purpose for which they
were intended, and not the machina-
tions of fraudulent creditors and
debtors, as they have too often done,
framed as they now are.
New-York daily tribune., 1857-10-21
Danans Aeaoemies.
DODWORTHs DANCING ACADEMIES
/. Nc. COS BROADWAY. EEw-YORk
Eo ~ MONTAGUE PLACE BROOKLYN

Ciasses nov OF. n TOT Vt f'ctptIsu O PuV1~
N.xYotx Cissse. CT Wednesdays and Saturdays
Brooklyi Mondays and Thursdays OF rae'a,y'
sod FrdsyS =. ,o,A ..r.h
.hents for practice IN the Lancer oGadrls GefmAa So
Ion and al other dances
MOI thI, soiree. fb- Chi drea and Psreuta
Nt D0DWORTE. finding from the pas, t-o yesn s.p~n
s ths. tis lsracocs 10 the Mss<s De "a Cow sne
o,sre we're of great service IN deveoprf krscetui move
=, ut ard In pgorrs the .,ye o. hs nlPls ~tn @
,r.etc4 and similar graceful stadfa auoIt ICE
Si,i,. o,crr-,, ut- ,u OF ooscrvsiton through
s.ns. rrn.lr snd IArd s be itodne-d the Na,GrkA
In trr 6rutss stoese the Bf se.ser 81 We AsosA
q T,schs-s it Psfi. ,.x.A .,..
New-York daily tribune., 1857-10-21


rse.. sGss were granted OJ to sd in the
s IN the world They .r.nd o the Sors e... and
north 4reasb the middle CT .ss S.ss TO the extreme
found bct.e.n those parallels latitude The acrthen porioa
e. s .ss ~ Ss @ @
The o@s ke.stS mid and equ.b. than .uy othe.
part Of the country the air and bscrs whle living
streams and springs Of eHcetsI. water sbOund
.ns a+.isSe tss fsHsshsa many pSit. and q
BeoDs store of excellent quality also sbunds which can
be proou'ed fOr fts hse the expense .nsp xt.tio
from two e eve deep ssd gently rons-,tsI eoutsaitJ
this Road By shch every fscty u furnished for travel and
Wes and the eecscnT With which they can Be cu,.ed rec
e.r the most vsu.be rvsmen' LAt be footd std
dos, habit, small me.i to acquire. comfortable nd,-
p.i dercs in . few yesrs.
The .y AID with shieb tie prodncs. cf .o.e .nd
be tsnsP'rt.d to he natet nate item much profit.
he NJ the sktd tha those Iemott
tbs additions. oc Of o'tsn,porston perpetual
oaseS pr,cs be receives fof tis sI..a &c
The title perfect AID shcI the has payments made
t. Woo he te . vested &c tb. psfhs.-r whies convry
70 them sboas title II fee simple Tree and clear o every ic
rRT pRIcEs asE FROM SIX TO THIRTY DOLLARS
INTEREST Only THREE PsR cEST
rgxSTy Pss cEsr viLL Bs DEDUCTED rsoS CREDIT
Th.se rbo r-eb.,. long credits give -o,s p.y.se
prove ont.tt Il slru.y foI dre s.Te Oash.
TIE I'D rude cultivation st toe end OF that time
CT p-;Tut survey,rs wsl those
suine he ,nds es .. chsss Ant sd thee king seec
Tnt L.-d, rem.'Dinr 1r,od eh ,nd vlu,se .ho.e
Which bsvs beer disposet CT
sfcriosAt MAPS
rl h. an, .nJ one iesiose 50 ce-ss IN po,t,,.
s.u rs and books pan pbt. eoDt.hi1s
OF ,rrs .s, sieoei BY respectable aud
.rn s, living 10 Il. netbGrho o. tie Rarcsi Land,
ropshcu tn State ,sO the c0:: o eeets Pdce Of cattle
-i eb rfoy 'PPie,t.n either persnshJ b.
Letter 3, Frs' Il F,rrch or Grruas addressed 70
JOHN WILSON Land mu.is.ie1er of the
t.pois Csu.nl Rulrnsi Company
OGe, 4. l,ir si. Ceutf.l Railroad Dept Csicass ~
ECRssIF cr rEXCHANGE-A beautiful Gothic
L torT. OF and { Let. OF L tNc. witho hsfsa ar.
S- n Fuo, FsFy .fuSso u esufed ues VI tb aud
pe.scy sI,hJ VII cell sr.., s,rrsee
es.y tr-7 ,,ri.i T. srvthts of r-sl "a eaaL ae
Ia auire q WIN MATHEWS No. ir Fr4skir Ct N Y
New-York daily tribune., 1857-10-21
mu.,p ..a nAIGHTRR,s DANCING

w crsssys vr' oomneuce 1t ho~- ~ snt 20 eih.',
Ne~ fort % TUESDAY oc, p .as .t c,t96 oIi ~.
tfa 80 isi Aa.m. At Brooki,n AohDAf OCT lt -
,,,tc-.rs - rcslsrs ~ b. bas sSosA fnsae 'ss'"1'
Itvrr a. y. tf e,h. Az. EeN.f rt
New-York daily tribune., 1857-10-21
Mem pnblieatious.
Ready This Day
~ II T. PR E M " M MAGALlNE.-
n CHARLES DIcKESSS
HOUSEHOLD WORDS,
Oy M B y r .

EOvEM BER.
Ths popular Magazine Will be ready Tor delivery ct 10
e'o,ook q m.
The satstr bsvns inside Arrangements WITH the London
Pussher, Of Justly celebrated Periodical will hereafter
publish the American edition from the advance sheets
about the eighteenth day Of each month
Thu 10 eet.ny the beet oondu of the present
As, being under the immediate Supervision Of Charles
Dteps sufficient guaranty its patrons that articles
bat ttoss sawedsed talent obtain sdmitanee 10 Its
celvcpa
The American Publisher has concluded TO offer fsrher
indaeemeni 10 Jesrly subscribers. slst q
PREMIUMS.
whereby al subscribers have opportunity shded them 10
obtain from volume
SPLENDID LIBRARY
of Beautifully bouId Boohs
FREE OF COST.
Teeus-Ttree Dollars per anDun, In advance
Single copies Twesty Eve Cents
Cosis containing the aosoe Of premiums and plan Of
Adbuon gratis application .. the Office Of pubhcs
uea- JOHN JANSEN, Publisher.
No l26 N.ssau st N Y.
New-York daily tribune., 1857-10-21
. Real &state for Sale.
FARM in WEsTCHEsTER COUNTY

A FARM in WESTCHESTER COUNTY
n For se exchange for House aid Tot in this oty or
vicinity FIFTY-FIvE ACRES of LAND highly Improved,
with GOOD dw, ing and cut buildings In excellent condition
ys-ess # e":ed fruit tres well ws,e-d BY springs
Situs,d IN Mourt Pesssut. three nnue. walk from
Station OIL The Ralrosd hours ride This
city. Inquire q: the FARM REGISTRY OFFICE. No. %
Brosdwsy Of Morris st. GEO B. GRANNIS, Agent
CNHOICE FARM LANDS for SALE.-THE IL
prepared TO sell sbIU, ONE MILLION FIVE HUNDRED
THOUSAND ACRES of