davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily Nashville patriot. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1857-1858, 1857-07-25

Ihis not oaiy conforms to tIs Instructions ofthe
President, but Is IN harmony with the great prn-
ciples OF justice aud free government, as we'll as
with the practice and precedents, under similar
cucamstanecs throu ghout che Union II accOrds
With the genius aud spirit Of our American nstitu
tons"
This is clear aud uuequivocal. That which
the UHieR and american construed as only
desire or opinion Of Walker, the Washington
Uaioa declares, conforms % Ais Instructions.
We dislike 70 press uupalatable alternatives
upon OR neigbor, but this is question Of very
deep concern 10 the whole country and espe-
cially to the South, and we feel that we should
have clear expression OF his position. win
you withdraw your Reputation of Walker, or
will you extend that repudation 70 the Presi.
denu If al error has been committed, Mr.
Buchanan is certainly lie author; II treason or
treaehery has been displayed towards the
eountry or any part Of il, Mr.. Buchanan is GER
tainiy the traitor. II you have any word OF
condemnation or approval let Il be directed
aloue to the President. Wll the Uaion and
Amerscaa answerl
Daily Nashville patriot. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1857-1858, 1857-07-25
4 10. BUsINEss CORNER FOR sALE.

No. BUSINESS COkNER FOR SALE.
ON Thursd 4y the 3Oth July instant at 10 o'c oc
~ will oder at public SALE the iremi - luane
property fronting 42 fset street
on Clarke street. lately occupied By H. 5. French Son.
Terms made known the sale.
ia y o. 1s57-td. GEO B. GOODWIN.
Wheat! WheatM
TTNHE undersigned having orders WHEAT, will pay
4 the highest market deliver bic MpCrea & Ter
rass' warehouse, corner Broad and College
+. WEBB,
iuly1T.-h. Cotton and Produce Broker.
Daily Nashville patriot. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1857-1858, 1857-07-25
NOTICE TO STOCKHOLDERS FRANKLIN AND
EnI.uMRIA IIIG ELEIZE COME

COLUMb TURNPIKE COMPANY.
DIVIDEND Of 81 per viii be paid upon the
"A Stock represented the books of the Com
after the LIST Of August the Office of the
er, Spring Hill, Tenn. J. w. CHEAIRS
spring Hill, July Him Treasurer.
Daily Nashville patriot. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1857-1858, 1857-07-25
NASHVILLE BUILlING hSSOCIATION.

NASHVILLE BUILDING ASSOCIATION.
HE Stocshol il this institution hereby notified
thaI their annual meeting the Directors
VII De held at the usual place Of meeting Monday nsxt
the 9Th inst, at o'clock P NJ
july p, 1851. G. 4 FULLER Treasurer
WRLTING.
M ERCHANTS and Clerks can il
4LA a short time lear 10 write with =
ease and raPdity with
MR.. DOLBEAR fe15f57iF9A0
40, CoLLsGE gTREET. =- -
Ladies are tau easy rapid style writing
Children can learn dIrirg the
SCHOOL VACATIONS.
New pupils received daily.
july %.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
M D


NOV lst-ln CassviHe, BY A. A. Bennett, Esq, Nj.
WALTER AUGUSTUS SPRAGUE to MARIA Z. SH1LLEN.
BERGER, I'll % the above town.
Nov lofh-in Plattevilie, By Father II. w Gibson. Mr..
MICHAEL FAY TO Miss MAKGARsr FoRREsTAL. ali oil
Platteviiie.
Nov 3d-In Platteviiie, by Rev. John Lewis, Mr.. VII.
LIAM n. SMALLEY TO Miss MATILDA l.. KEEL, all of the
Above town.
Nov 1st-Tn E~ilanboro' ,byL.. c.. Drake, ESQ.,, Mr.. FRyr.
NAN VAUGHN 10 Miss HARRIET iHIIips, all OF the aIuye
tpwn.
Oct 3I-t-ln P"tesi, by james W. s, atom. ESQ NJ
Enw tRp WoKa.NGToN to Aiss GhAcs MoEsHEAE. mi ~
poiosi. - -
Nov lst-ln smeiser, BY Eli Andrew Gregg, Nj.
"Ashss6F"N eoaLha 70 Hiss ELEcTA WiLIiaxs.
Noy stli- in Beetowns by T. r. Dudley. Esq. NJ AZ.
DEW bLAcabrkS to Hiss ROTH ATKINSON. ali oil -,
above town. - = =
My lst-ln Bse.ewn, By T. T Dudley. Esq. Nj. DA.
tom. - ppo
sct 2sf--in HisHn- by 4 strong. Esd. sr. Ricaasp
iiA1si. AID Hiss aAeY aoaS sliof dlnin
0ei 2iih-In Linden. ~ The s.a,e. III. en- 4sEs COZ.
LAke aisf Aiss MAi..A STEPHEN, oota q Liadsn.
tlci 255h-la the town of 8iae River. bsfsh ! les !. J.
ve~ter. ts..M JoHSi. low Agpana Mss hAcszL So.
LESaarciiai .t-ffh n N1n1s.iit.
Aug 2za-ln Po1osi, ~ james W. seajoa, rs NJ.
abova town.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
Grand and Petit Jurors.

II is the duty of the County Board OF
supervisors, at the annual session, to select
the names of men for Grand and Petit
Jurors; and from the names thus selected
panels are to be drawn-36 Petit Jurors
and % Grand Jurors. Every supervisor
presents name from his town, the number
of names being in proportion to popula-
ton. This is a power entrusted and dpit
~enioined on the members of the County
Board involving heavy responsibility. We
have Known jurors selected by the County
Board SO totally devoid of integrity, IN
.derstaniirg and moral principle as 70 have
no mans coufd nee who knew them-so
near approaching idtocy as to have no
mind, or 50 reckless of sincerity AS to 'mer-
it the name of notorious tiars-bankrupt
in principle, purse and character! With
such men for Jurors, our courts OF justice,
criminal redress, civil appeal and action,
have approached to the very threshold OF
ridicule and contempt. We have thought
he whole blame for the general loss Of
confidence in jury trials rests upon the
heads of supervisors for selecting SO many
had men for jurors. 1t is the most impor-
tant of ali duties entrusted to the County
Board. We hope the Board now in SEES
sion will feel a deep responsibility in the
matter, and that every member will select
from the men of bis Town, those who are
the best, most conscientious and always
governed by moral principle in every trans
action of their lives.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
Houses Wanted for the Million.

Broken down, bankrupted and other fl
nancially disabled men and families in the
east, emancipated from business by the cri-
sis, will soon be focking to the western
country for homes. Such persons gene
rally save a few hundred dollars from the
ruins to carry themselves to distant parts
aud set w business on II small scale. AL
ready we hear of the arrival Of such finan-
cially crippled men and families, and of
inquiries of such persons for homes-small
farms and houses, near some schools or 9TH
er convenience. Most Of them will avoid
coming west till spring, when large num-
bers may be expected. We hope that
persons owning small tracts of land will
erect small but comfortable houses and
have them ready for sale by spring.
We notice that large plumbers Of men,
discharged from the manufactures and
work shops of cities, have already come
west and taken up quarters for the winter
with Appropriateness or relatives. This is Il
beginning of what is TO be expected. Thou
sands will come west.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
K1NNEY's STEAM SAW MILL.-Mr

KINNEY's STEAM SAW MILL.-Mr.
gives notice that his new mill Is
running, and that he will supply any guam
tity and shape of lumber, for building and
also for wagons and plows. dis
mill will cut from 10 to 90 thousand feet
per day of IL hours. The machinery Is
of J. M. S.owell Il Co.'S manufacture,
Child's Patent. The engine is the one
formerly used at the Jamestown Lead
Mine, and was considered the most splen'
did steam apparatus ever brought to the
west. Esq. KINNEY has served as a prac-
teal sawyer for many years and is thor
experienced in the lumber business
are thus exact in our notice of this
mill and its proprietor, because mechanic:
and persons in want of lumber prefer deal
ing with one whe has good machinery anf
understands his business.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14

ILLINOIS STATE BANKs.-The Auditor
Of State says shat the Hamilton county
Bank, the Bank of the Commonwealth
and the Hutsonvil!e bank, having failed to
make good their securities within the time
required by law, have to he put in course
of liquidation. A few others, it is feared,
viii not be able to meet the requirements
IN the time prescribed. They too will have
to be wound up. When these halfdozen
concerns, neither Of them with perhaps one
dollar Of real capital, are ont of The way,
the effect upon The credit Of the others NAV
''e for the Galena Courier.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
ur., o.sr DegsnGuenss-afatr Notice

q y q
We have hese, been sued Tor debt nor did
we ever sue any ore ia9 has neter been OH
remedy. Seltom have We ever dunned any
ore. and We dbi'I remember havrg been dun
ned for debt bat once OF IA ICE in all our life
We are not NOW serious y involved, Only Iinch-
ed. Ali al cncG our cash receipts have stop
ped-ntanw hIle; Cur expenses Keep .igh: a
long. Te lie sue, We are ~economising, TO Tie
verge Of e. uiIoustess; yet our receipts al
considerably short oil OUTLAWS. Our week
earnings remain about The same as they were
IN flush fines, bul they are mostly booked.
Now friendly patrons. Won sFe. our TX IT,.
remedy is cleaI ami you can see what ii Is
You cainct be offended. But two resort Is are
opento US; enc is to suspend business for the
present ; the other is TO force co ections and
do a cash bus'hess--to resort TO The law and
prompt pay luent'. If Ne thought the public
welfare required it we cou q suspend business
but We doI.'t be iese so. We have determined
to 60 ahead.
Our D irons know that we never have been
selfish. troubles, he or unkind--tuat we have
indu gei them, even 10 our iijirv. The no
-tice We i.Dw give is AN iitdiSpensIb e ina ity-
a choice bciv cen evils. those we proceed
10 sue ale such as have owed us over a year.
x5E Persons Indebted for the Heraid.
or otherwise can folwa.u tie money by mail, in bills anu
stamps, AMI we will return receipts for the same
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
The lrisis-she Dangef-fHOW
viii tlae West stand siae Crisis.


The crisis seems to have run its length
IN the east. IL is now understood thai
| hose, whe are not uos broke will stand
that those who have not suspended Will
lconiinie in credit. LII short, there WILDE
lao more failing nor suspensions for the
present. 1t is questionable whether imam
ciaI matters are re- established upon q sounl
basis or whether they are only tinkered up
t., leak again SOON. We confess the stay
oms and shin-plasters, resorted TO in many
Darts, are the solder BY which the times
are tinkered, and only put off the evil day
| when The machine will make a final tizzle.
, Accounts represent gold as abundant in
the east, which is a good sign but credit is
low, manufactures are closed and tens OF
thousands unemployed. People are conc
missing aud DONG all in their power to pay
up their debts contracted in high times,
but it is a slow work, as prices of every
marketable product are 50 low that little
money is raised to pay debts. The danger
is a long period of dizziness, when nothing
will he in demand but money at extrava-
giant usury. Interest is now accumula'ing
against many persons faster than they are
making money, so that the interest alone
must ruin them. Such persons should en-
deavor at once, to offset their debts will
their land OF other property.
This part of the west is better able TO
stand the crisis than any other region, for
innumerab!e reasons: Our merchants owe
less: our men did not go into land specu-
Iations, except at home, and when they
pay the money remains in the ncighbor-
hood; we have no banks nor bank debts;
We are not involved in railroad troubles at
present: the rivers and railroads surround
ing lis afford permanent markets; ou'
hes produce several hundred thousand
dollars a wear; and lastly, prices Of land
and lots did not rise over half so high AS in
Iowa a. Minnesota and northern Wisconsin:
fictitious valuations of property did not
rule in this region, because the people
have not forgotten the memorable expan-
sion and fictitious bubble of 1887, when
prices of property in Grant County were
higher than at present.
All our men have to do is to keep right
ahead and not be scared into any wrong
direction. Money will remain plenty
enough, though prices must be half or less
Than half what they were a few months
ago. The merchants are panic struck and
are making things out worse than they are
They are governed by circulars sent GU:
from the cities; in the cities people think
al! the world is dead broke and upside.
down-just because they have spent all III.
money the coantry had made. Country
merchants are held as city ~vsssals, TO do
the bidding of city merchant princes-tc
Just what the circulars of their masters
tell them to say. Pay up the merchants
Immediately, if you can, because they have
the power to distress the whole country.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14

WORKING WOMEN MISUNDERSTANDING
from ccoun we read in city papers, hall
the women are out of employ and misera-
ele for want of work. If they could be
sem west they could be supplied with
homes and labor. There is not a neigh-
borhooi in the western country well sup
piled with hired female help. In ever,
vicinity several working girls are wanted,
at wages from $3.50 to $500 per week.
Scarcely a day passes without our hearing
inquiries for girls to do house work-wages
being less an object than any other consid-
GRAFTON. Good kitchen girls are wanted
in all parts Of the western country. Should
a cargo of one dozen arrive in Lancaster.
they could find employment in a few hours
and no questions be asked as to names or
where they carne from.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
Distress Among the Poor.

The winter Is coming, and With IL must
come additional wants among the poor;
fuel, lights, clothing, d., must be supplied
i'll greater abundance. Poor people do
not look far ahead; they do not lay up
earnings for many days aheaI-many OF
them spend the surplus of their earnings
for whiskev and live idly much of their
time. All cities, towns, villages and man
ufacturing places, where poor men and
families cougregate, everlastingly pattern,
initiate and fashion their conduct after
New Yotk-lhe great National Metropo-
lis in every thing. The poor of New York
are making a peremptory demand for work
or bread. They are organising for emer-
|gencies; they demand a living somehow,
honestly if possible, by force of necessary.
They are in a riotous condition. The
Mayor of New York is a low demagogue;
ne promises ignorant men great things,
but promises fail to help people to hat
they must have to eat and wear. Promi-
SEES don't pay. They are allowing Mayor
Wood a few hours, a few days, to make
his promises good. He is at the end Of
his row; he has no power to redeem his
pledges; like all demagogues, he is a bank
rnpt in principle and promise. All over
the country, New York is the model and
fashion; the poor everywhere will fashion
after the poor of New Xork; the New
York poor will resort TO riot and robbery
snatch food and clothes wherever they
can be found. In Chicago, Galena, Mil
waukee and other western places, the
poor will suffer and may resort to the same
course for redress as the people of New
York. Ali over the country we may ex-
pect TO hear of riot, and of the poor volun-
tarily helping themselves to provisions and
clothing, and a general disregard of the
rights o, the rich and selfish.
This is a terrible state of things-all
caused by too lnucn speculation, banking
and extravaganza. But the worst is bad
management. America is indebted TO
Europe many hundreds of millions of dol
lars. European cheap labor Is made to
clothe and feed our people; our dear labor
is in competition with forced labor Of Eu-
rope. All the gold we receive from Cali.
@fornia goes to Europe, and still there is
not enough to pay the difference. What
shall we do? Should duties be put on ali
imports, heavy enough to keep our money
at home? Should our own men make the
clothes worn in America or should Europe
furnish us our clothes-our knives ani
farks-our shirts and our miitens? We
have always been for free trade, but here
are thoughts that stir our soul. We are
still for free trade, but the world is not ali
like America.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
County Board of Supervisors.

The Grant County Board OF Supervis
ors met at Lancaster on Tuesday last and
organized by electing Mr.. JARED WARNER
Chairman. The Board consists of 26
members, being one from every town. A
larger proportion than usual OF new and
inexperienced members are in the Board,
but most of them possess a good business
knowledge.
The chief trouble ina County Board is
that there are always a few members hav-
ing private and personal ends to accom-
pli>h, and they sacrifice much Of the time
of the Board in motions and speeches
young aspirants for notoriety and petty
Office do much damage, and there ought
to be a general understanding of Board to
diseonnienance the manoeuverings Of such
intrigners. A very large amount of bust
ness is TO transact anil the Board will not
get through till sometime next week.
Heavy expenses to the County are incurred
this year by the extraordinary amount OF
criminal suits before Justices, growing out
of whisky fights. saloon quarrels and brois
among loafers and oilers.
Next week we expect to pub
fishing the Proceedings of Board and in
tend to give them fully that the people
may know the transactions Of their serv-
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
The Vote OF Grant County in
6 and 1859.


The total nuniI,er of votes given i'll
Grant County in 1856, for President, on
tie Buchanan, Fremont and Fillmore tick
els, WAS 44l4, respectfully as follows:
Buchanan. 14l9
Fremont, $500
Fillmore, 1876
Freluont's majority over buchanan,
1890; Frcmont's majority over buchanan
ami Fillmore, 1904.
The total vote uf Grant County in 1857
for Cross aud Randall was 294l, or IA fall
ing of in The total vote since 1856, Of l473
votes.
The vote of the respective candidates
for Governor in 1857 was
Gross, 1860
Randall, 1851
Majority for Randall, 42l
The falling off in the Democratic ole
since 1856, is I59, and in the Republican
vote. 1928. The total vote for Fillmore
is given this year for Cross, the Democrat
lie Candidate, which, acco 4 ntS for IA eSs fall
ing of in the Cross vote than in the Ran
dali vote. This ccounts for Cross rereiv-
ing such a Large tote in B-etown, Clifton
anJ Lancaster. The Fillmore vote in
Beeiown was 20, in Clifton rs aud IN Ian
caster 28-all of which votes were givr;.
10 Cross.
The powers Of Democracy and Know
Nothingism combined against the Republi-
canS-the greatest combustion since l776,
when the tories ami Indians combined a.
gainst The patriots!
Tie fact that 1928 Republican voters
did not attend the polls i'll 1857 accounts
for our small majority. In 1853 the bat
tie is 10 tight on Congressman, when the
field will lie clear Of all mc~uutrances.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
Nosice-Esf. os spencer.-

state Of Wisconsin, County Of Grant. ss,: ConntrCout
NOV. Term, 1887. Present. Stephen 0 Paine, Judge
In the natter Of the Estate IF Justin Spencer, deceased.
tins day came Samuel Barstow. ESQ the Admin.
lstfatnr III tn" estate Of sud deceasad AID filed in
TINS Court his Administrations account far fnqI set,ls.
hsehf. Ana fher-upon IL l. orderpd tina the fnal settle.
mNnt OF stld acceuat lie heard iefnrr the Judge of this
o'nt1 Al the Office Of said Judge At Ps'-ev;lle ir sia
couatv, on The 9th DAY Of d ernnltr Is5-. NJ one O'Clock
r: ~, when and where all ne s,,is ,ntert std can attend
: Inc, see proper. AMI II IL fl ther order d that no.,
! :" iheIeof he given toal. persons corcetned by rubbish.
i G This ordet FOR thr o succns4 i've weets n-eyi0us n md
hearing in the Grant County Herald. q weekly newps.
per published at Lancaster in said county.
SFErdEN O. PAINE. Couatv Judra.
Dated Nov. 9TH, 1857. 2I-2ts-ssn to 81
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
Res 1t of Gran, caun,y E-lcc.ion-Nesro sun


The official result of Grant County an
pears in oar paper this week. 1t proves
that there has been a great Republican
loss anl no Democratic gain: or rather
that the Republicans have beaten them
selves by not attending the polls. The
question of negro sutfr 'ge, not by any
means a party matter though so represen
ted by demtgrgues. doubtless caused
much apathy among our men. Negro
Suffrage received but 39S votes. In 1910,
when Negro Suffrage was just as much a
De''0e'"'e measure AS it was a Repuhli.
ca" measure IN 1857, Grant County polled
lie votes FOR he erteasion Of sgera e.
90 there Is no material change, consider
lag tue mcrerse of population sitcs $40
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
Marietta Steam Saw MIL.
Collegiate Seminary,
TAFToN, GRANT COUNTY, WISCONSIN
rr,uE FIRST TERM Of tho scboo, ia will, !,

TFlHE FIRST TERN 81 III. sebool I, ,r,;.t, -,
n.roe hos hoo, o;ve, Iii :" { mel owe
- p5fb -assr,bn. I3.- " "eahescy
AZ ia fp;,airr NV i, r.r
4;me = I.rga ~ rn"n : 10 - ,r ,,,rna "e nnisnsda
fur,;shej yy;th .h.;r. = "a s;raIa = H. w. - - au VIII %
90 othor 80 80 - - : =; - hI p"ck oosfds
roor, md ona or tbs bast ~ ~ ! = ~ " N-ooe SCHOOL
Trio .isfb.n,s-;1oI and Stbar 5a.a
clare Of od ADD svne,;enead t.aebers snnS S " ~ pe u
81 - - nj NJ az nav, 81
~. f,i.st .ense ~ trn Torn, rhs;r - ' ~ 1i4yAi ~
tomato 4b,ronrb aud rract;coI T,o;. To- ~" 80"
s,n,t ! schina t. +. ,eo,,a. ~ ,h "n' lnM' W. lem
~. : 49,, :. = y, % themselves, anu can 10
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14

TAFroN COLLEGIATE SEMINARY.-The
first term of this pew Institution at Tafton
will ON the 25th of November
The course Of instruction will be as thor
ough AS at any other sc',o! in the countr,
according TO the proposals contained il
advertisement.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
STRAY STREE.

FAKE UP by The subscriber Re siding in the Town n
OF October. 1851. ore rcd and Whit s , ~ ola work OK
or SiEkR: large white . rin acfcss shoulder, white
ac'oss loln I'D Waite legs. The owrer is requested TO
come. prove llol effy, Ray cia'ees ard'at sid a.rsy-
Ohm GARTHWAITR.
Little Grant. Nov. 9th. 1857. 2I4t
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14

MINNEsorA EiEcTfoN.-The ST. Paul
Ithaes OF the 4tii gives tie returns sf tn.
election for Governor, official from 8 i conn.
Ties. The figures stand in these. SIble,
l2,l44; RAMSEY il.524. 1t also gives
the Vote as reported unofficially in l9 9th.
er counties, all it contends that have beef,
heard from, in which the vote stands.
isanSe.y 1919; Siblsy 1858. This vote
o. Ramsey added to the official vote, puts
6ol ahead. Pambina had not been
heard from.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14

Wis LEe1sLAruRE.-The Senate CON
sists OF 30 members OF these the Repub.
licaas have Il certain with a chance g,
one more.
IN the Assembly, the Republicans are
certain of 5 or 6 majority. The As~sml,lv
consists Of 81 members,
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1857-11-14
EIGHT eArTLE TAKEN UP.

rtfKEN Up ty The sui sctii er. tesi.ing in me i'ninh.
Feminine Q. neae Ket erc,'s MIL. IN lapds ""n'n%
him. aiout tie sixteenth d1v of rcf,be, ls'i, wv 80
Of Pal. Rcd OXEN. shout six wears cd neNf snrin2 ! ~
RED CONS. Gva'r tx veat a old one has no p'sn.s.
tai: ore RED fiFfFER four Y, ara old c"r1ip, s.ns
RID EER sane a Q. one III Q x 'pn''ra " ! !.
The owner or ON mess ara. reGn 4s!ed To cnni, pfoVe p'f
erty. pay cht~g $ ani take them awav. ,,nr1I
xu-l r,-- 4t2I