New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-07-31

S,a>s 4 decisive ditscuen "' .S.;s 80, ~ e,h.,
fsN~s ~. III lees cou.p,e,e charscter. Cd
rs ,,atles which attain the highest per-
Inc a.. Iri,. Stat are nodded by these gene.
s.p,es sSS mot more ey ,nS Sop cola Of Winter.
~. are Of ssddcs grow tn cxuberant and pf"'"-e ~
,y yr,pect TIE fure't trees e,ne snode ;Iy,
"a an that helopgs TO foisceors grown Gle ~. Sc
,SSsSn and Iuxurant. The nutivc clemens aS ~ az
vskpsS ssN tho same scss 81 pro's." .sccbsne
~, dor,uapt form OF these is ss decia.oy nsn;ny
~ IA The tropics all that belongs " III ,s rppoccn
eisee 10 yipilar, The efsen!iai o' r,hr nutritiye
rate ;n,ey;or Of The Eastern Contna NJ IN
~. tssps,tion climates neat me cms a.d
the hiphe,t development Of these !, !, ,rue
one much b.yord ,hnt o. sas climate developing
oo' mere al d., and tendency to high pefieon9n
w - rne,ne processes, which o pt'e uS,o n.'S"'
make scarcely less ich N as Ia most favorable close
nc,f :" ~. "a Autumn belonging TO our varlaole sea-
OF summe a usrsllel in Us frutiunese even IN
sc.s. n. transition climates OF the old woria'
- "a s,,reo,e limits Of Iodan corn are defined by
,ns average isotbermal Of abou. 65o for the Sdm'
ypsr This line runs from the eastern coast through
come psrts Of the valley Of the 81. Johas, IN New
Bruins wick, reaches in the valley Of the ST. Law
renee to Quebec, and reappears at Intervals along
the northern shores of the great lakes through their
whole extent. 1t is excluded in New Englaud IRON
an localities above thousand feet 10 e'evation'
which embrace considerable tracts in the Northern
States of Name, Mes. Hampshire, aud Vermont. 10
New-Yoik, there is large area north OF Aioan
and Utica too high for the cultivation OF this crop,
and another on the elevated plateau OF Souther
NewYork, stretching from the Hudson nearly t
Lake Erie.
TIE limit Of profitable cultivation Of this stapleis
practical question which belongs 20 this consideration
and il il somewhat singular that what msy be des'g
mated "a lite decided success IL so nearly comedian
With The ext Of its possible limits II Is still NOR
extraordinary that the district Of maximum prodnotio
lie. 20 far moth If the native attades aud really nea
the northern extreme Of its position. ln New fok'
the Southern New England States and Ohio, or nom
the forty second to the forty third parallels the maxi
mum of production OF this staple IS attained, ana TINS
maximum is Of the entire sum Of its gro~th-iesi nu
tfifive matter in the stem, and gram. Ihoush Tue
stem is of LEES size than further south there is greater
weight OF grown equal areas, and the gram 10 IN
equal excess A ich spot Of land will show, Ii Ia
vorsbe sc asOD in these northern districts where the
Summer mean temperature Is not above oS7 four Ut
five times the qualify produced at the south where
the is above so. In part this may be due TO
cell and g. productive varieties, but il is moinly due TO
the Summer curve of temPerdture-the hasty growth,
the e>ce,s # beet while il lasts, and the fastened
ripepipe period Continued heat without this curya-
fure proloDgs the gowih in way 10 modify the spe-
cies in the direction of the original form Of succulent
tropical grass and it there becomes cane more near
" than in the colder ATTITUDES
The existence of thi. maximum Of productive capa
city in the cooler districts ~ oi greater praccal inter-
est perhaps TO the southern than the districts
sDce il shows that with the increase OF value Of sou
ern lands and the Introduction Of staples OF peculiar
adsptstion and of the hshst value the growth OF this
grain may proftaby be transferred to northern ocdti-
fies. To certain limit of latitude cotton and the
cane, with perhaps the fibrous tropical plants and
Others may occupy the cultivated territory to greater
profit than any the grains. The sugar-cane is the
natural Of Indian corn III semi tropical die
ticts; its auaOgies OF growth and s development Of
sacehaIne matter are nesry the same, and with the
greater heat and humidity of some portions Of the
United States the product of grain certainly falls OF,
and The compliant loses its extraordinary power OF ex-
papsien and excessive production. 1t is highly prob
able that the Introduction of the best possible staples
in our warmer districts will make the transfer of maize
nortbward possible and oesirsble, and when trans
feIed above the thirty paialle If this should be
DONE there viii still be an Immense area over when
il is under proper circumstances the most prohc ana
pr,6iable crop possible, regarded as source OF nut
tive supply
As regards the cultivation of cotton in temperat
climates, the same rules do not apply as in the
case of Indian corn.
10 the case Of cotton we have a vegetable form es
rentialy different from those before consdered-one
CHARGE erized by an absence of nutrtvs production
either in the ST. or grain, and therefore not anaio'
eous TO the in a0y feature oil the
piurt itself. The cotton plant is very variable when
Attitudes; a woody form, and tree OF some Size Ia
The tropics to which s native growth appears to be
confined it becomes perennial Ia the root only hrs
perhsps biennial in that FORM and at last very ten
der anLual, ard wholly herboceous. WAT is more
remarkable is It's leXibiity in being carried from one
climate to another, the same species soon putting on
the woody form in going south, and, with little
greater difficulty perhaps, charging back again nom
the woody 10 the herbaceous form.
In the United States the first impression conveyed
In comparing the cotton districts generally is that 1t Is
here much beyond its natural range northward. Az
Ibis extreme limit il frs; rises to great commercial
staple also aitans its highest point as such IN re-
DayBC large Investments Iii Ito cultivation. ln TINS
respect Of fe1iby Of FORM and great productveness
near it's cimstOiogca limit il resembles Indian corn
and develops similar relation to climate. Its dimin
ised size and itehed period Of growth favor great
ploouctiveDets In the sane manner, and the annual OF
few months of grow 9TH is far valuable than the
tree OF the tropics In the upland districts OF the
SOutbe IN States II Is BOW proving capable OF s more
compression in time and smaller form, while 1t IS stu
highly profit able-mOre 30 on rich soils than In the
semitrGpical districts Of India where the herbaceous
form is with difficulty retained. The best American
Gotten districts the border OF the sugar re-
gon and within it, where the humidity at least is
decidedly ess and the protective upland belt lies YET
sutsde this. In this last the adaptation Of climate
quite up to the highest requirement., and rich SOIL
alone il necessary 10 success.
The area Of most profuse Summer rains gives fire.
4uent in which the stem is eakcued and the
blooms and hollis ale injured by the excess of rain,
and When this is the great reduction in the
unantiiy produced occurs. In aases great injury
IL done chemically in the heavy storms Of the sugar
region, and by much the cultivation is repealed
from the area best adapted 10 sugar. Still the whole
range OF cotton is liable to excessive rains and periods
Of sst,uated atmosphere, and it shows decided fex
Utility in resisting and recovering from such injuries.
A Month Of favorable weather following one Of pro-
suse and injurious rains will bring ont blooms and
add largely what a. the time appears to be ruin
ousy low production.