Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1857-12-18

poriancc is far greater as furnishing homes
Tor hardy and independent race Of honest
aud industrious citizens who desire 30 sub
due and cultivate the soil. They ought to
be- administered mainly with view Of pro-
noting thi.wisc aud Benevolent policy In
appropriating them for any other purpose
We ought 90 use even greater economy than
10 they had been converted into money and
the proceeds were already in the public
treasury.
To .iuandcr away this richest and noblest
inheritance which any people have ever en-
loved upon objects Of doubtful constitution
aliiy or c1rcdicncy. would lie 20 violate ono
Of the most important trusts ever committed
20 any people. Whilst do not deny TO
Cougr,s, the power, when acting bona tdr as
a proprietor. On give away portions ot them
ilr considering the great temptation "a
abuse the power, We cannot bc too cautious
in its exercise.
Actual settlers under existing laws are
protected against other purchasers az the
public s,lrs, In their right OF presumption,
10 the extent II quarter section, or loo
acres % land. Tho reminder may then be
disposed Of at public or entered NJ private
sale in unlimited qnantltics.
SPECULATION has OF late years prevailed tO
"a great extent in tie public lands. Tho
consequence has been that large portions Of
them have become the property VI indiyid.
uals and companies, aud thus the price is
greatly cuhlncrl 90 those who desire q
purchase for actual settlement In order
t. limit tho ARA Of speculation as much as
possible the extension Of the public surveys
ought only 70 keep pace with the tide Of
emigration.
n Congress should hereafter grant altJr-
nate sections % States or companies, as
they have l1nc heretofore, ! recommend
that the immediate sections retained hy the
government should Doe suhicc. 90 presumption .
by actual settlers
II ought ever % b. our cardinal policy To .
reserve tbr public land. as much ~ may hr
for actual settlers. and this 40 moderate
prices. We shall thus uH' only hcst pro.
motto the prosperity VI thc new states and
Trrriiuri., and che power of thc Union, but
shall SECURE homes Tor our posteriy for
many generations.
INprN AFFAIRS.
The extension OF oar limit, ha. brought
Within our jurisdiction many additional aud
Iupu.ous trlle, Ut Indians, q larE' proper
tiuu cot which arr wild, uuirac,ahie, aud
difficult % control. Predatory and wur'iko
Boo their disposition aud habits, % Is impns.
sihig altogether o. restrain thcm from com.
mlitiu. uEErlssiIus uu each Uthrt, rs we'll
me- urau DOR frontier citizens and tHHs' emit
grating O. our distant states aud Territories.
lltucr expensive military expeditions are
frequently necessary O. uNrrlWr aud chasils'
ilr moro .Wir,. aud hostile.
The present. system ui making tI0w vail
liable Ir,asuts o. iulU.uC' thrm o. remain
40 I.aDr, bias proved Intellectual. 10 D. Dee
loved 90 hc thc letter policy 90 colonIc
t..m Boa suitable localities, who're they can
receive thr TulIm.uis Ut education, auI hr
gradually induced O. adopt habits 90 indus
try. - Tar as tlc experiment hAs h1n
tT..l. 10 ia, worked well iu practice, AMI ,s
will d1uh,las,Ira,e % o, los expensive than
tHt present system.
rusr uuiE DEPARTMENT.
Tho Pu.imastyr.G Generals report states
that his department BIAS depended upon The
public treasury tor several years past, iur
49, Important portion NJ Tho means ui -u--
tanning and extending 10. operations L.
rapid growth and expansion ar shown hya
I,rrnual statement vt thc number ui pust
yLc,.. and the length Of pust roads, conn
meu,inc with the year lN2i. In that year
there v,rr 5uOO pct Offices, in 1857 H.
IL iu l-i7. li,liu. and in l,I, they
numbered 9i.i-I. In this year l,-I Pct
.Hr., have been established. aud Iui 4isruu-
uuu,I. leaving net increase ut lu2l. The
I.sim.sirr. 70. y1, .iEe.s are APPOINTED by
J.. President
The length of pot roads n l-1I was
los. $50 mi.... 300 1857, lil 80 miles 100
l,i7, lij, SIS miles and 300 Toe year l,'i
there are 80. ui.. OF IH.t road Inclu-
ding - $50 miles oi railroad, on which the
mail. are Transported.
The expenditure 1t tie department i1r
i.. l.cal YEAR ending Uu thc |l.u Of june,
I-r-. "a. adjusted hy the Auditor. amounted
o. sIl 900 go Tho deiray these ,Errudi-
i.s.s thor. vl, iD the credit 90 ihg DEPART.
mont un the lstu, July, l-lD, the sum ct
$3.50. rlI tNg sr.ss revenue % de- year,
Including ihe annual allowance, or tHc
transportation 0i tree mail matter, produced
s-.uIa.tll. auI ihr remainder was sup
I.t.I Iy t.raJUr.ItiliI.u from thr treasury
.. --'"'''' I'."'"' %! '"' n'' ''
gr..', APPROVED August u, l'''' anu %!
ih' aIITylTAu'n "i $ '.''''"' na', .N we
acc OF March 60 I''', I.A''ni s-'-'''. %
.. carried g" ~. rf.4'i '' 'N' department j"
i.' Accounts '' '". 'o'''n' l'h'. y."'
m.ut 90 your moderation ih' mort o'
o.. department Zoo relation 90 iao c'Ah'l,h' .
mont ui t.r overland mail route IT.W ih' .
N,~i,'llp'r',r iU>'n Francisco. 'h'ii'rn'''
ale route selected with my lni' concur
renee q, Oh. uuH, boo my Judgment, h'-i cafe .