New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1857-05-25

| each with about 500 each IN the hanas Oh 7so"''
II ere have been issued for machines and improve
snts lao patents the majority of which have proved
entirely worthless Several notifications OF the most
successful machines, for special purposes, have been
made; such as machines for hatters and shoemakers
use; for sewing sails carpets, &c.
Wheeler 4 Wilson have several improvements in
their later machines which simplify and facilitate their
use; and other parties using their machines on large
scale have invented several very important devices
for facilitating work in their own establishments or
these, Messrs. Douglas & Sherwood, skirt manutae-
turers are the most notable.
Mr.. Singers establishment and mandatory Is in
this city, and employs about go hands. The manu-
factory has floor area equal to 25x7VO feet, and
can turn out about 9o0 machines per week.
Messrs. Grover g. Bakers mandatory is in Boston,
EMPLOYS $50 men, and can turn out 40 machines
week. Their principal warehouse is in this city.
Wheeler & Wilson, up to the present time, have
only been able to turn out $50 machines per week
but, having recently purchased the jerome Clock
Companys establishment at Bridgeport to which they
bave made large additions, and introduced machinery
for making all the parts of their sewing machine he
whole of which has been invented for exclusive in
their establishment they will be able to turn out
any number of machines that may be required.
For general family USE these latter machines are
NEST extensively used. Messrs Grover Bakers
machines are also very popular and have their peeu-
harmerits: as also have those Of Mr. Singers These
three are the principal firms engrosSing the mar
ket.
Mr.. Elias Howes patent needle is used on ali these
machines and Mr.. Howe receives stated sum for its
Use on each machine sold, amounting to aggregate
Of more than $50, 600 per annum liowes patent e1'
pires by limitation in 1860 There several person
at present experimenting, with a view to produce
new machine, some of which seem TO promise well.
CoPPER-rAcED TYPE.--In our last weeks issue we
promised TO give, in this number brief history OF
The discovery and facts TO the advantages oil
the new and beautiful process Al copperfacing print
inc types. 1T has been some five or six years since
the first experiments were made; ana ~ rapid nave
been the improvements and so perfect has the process
now become, that nearly all the leading newspaper
and book establishments Europe and in this country
EMPLOY copper-faced type exclusively In late visit
10 New-YOrk City, we took pains TO call al all the
leading newspaper Offices in order to learn by actual
observation and inquiry, the estimate placed upon the
process by those who had given the most thorough
and severe tests. Without exception, we found that
every head printer agreed in giving the copper
faced type decided preference ordinary. not
OILY for their far greater durability, but for pleasant
ness in composition for in cleaning, and for their
freer discharge of NIX upon the paper, ana conse-
queny brighter and clearer impression. Although
| new improved type, yet are convinced that they
are far superior any have ever used before, and
particularly in the respects mentioned above. The
copper face facilitates composition, protects against
bruises washes easily, gives off ink freely and gives
! o clear, sharp and legible impression as will be
seen BY the print this sheet although the ink and
paper are of poorer quality than we generally use
This most important Improvement in printing type
within the last century was suggested to the INVENTOR
Dr. l.. V. Newton, by the great wear Of some stereo-
type plates upon which some of the Doctors writings
being printed 1t occurred to him that something
ought and might be done to prevent such great wear
and thus enable printers to give more uniform and
beautiful print to large editions Having previously
had some experience in the use of the Galvanic Bat
teIy, after little reflection upon the subject, IT
occurred to the Doctor that harder and more durable
surface could be bad by deposting harder metal upon
the face of the stereotype plate by means of Galvanic
Electricity The earliest experiments showed that the
idea was correct one, and they also showed that in
practice il difficult in the then knowledge OF tho
process Of depOsng metals in the cold state In ex-
perimentng perfect the details of the art the Doc
tor was convinced that his invention might be applied
H. thus sg s @ G
and here aIso the idea proved to be correct but
the difficulties in the practical working were increased
In addition to making the adherence perfect and also
giving deposit OF exactly uniform thickness, there
was the difficulty of separating the type perfectly and
smoothly after the face had been put on. In the Ian
guage OF the workmen they would " tear ragged: but
through the perseverance OF DR.. Newton and his as
Ocldtes, all dltfciifltS nave Deen Inc
yeutiOn Is now being worked on large scale by an
incorporated company called Z" Tie Merton Copper
TvDe C0mDdny who are able TO turn out 900 lbs.
OF type per day, with much certainty that 1t VIII be
all right and with greater difficulty certainly than
type founders meet in turning out their work properly
When il is considered how much money has been
expended in this and other countries to produce
more durable metal for the wearing surfaces, and to
preserve the fine lines of printing type 1t will at once
be- seen how important Dr. Newtons invention really
is Ii must be borne in mind that 1t has been sstab-
h.hed by practical results that copperaced type do
twice long for all purposes, and four times a.
long for some purposes, as uncoppered type do The
copper makes a better surface Ia take impressions
from for either stereotypDg printing, aud the fine
lines are greatly protected from bruises in distribution,
and from wear by the friction OF the brush or the
priDting-press.
This invention, like all Others or rather than
most others has TO struggle into against the fierce
opposition of large invested capital aud It's employees,
rs well as the common prejudice against all inyen-
tOns. But the time and money which have already
been expended in perfecting the invention, aud the
details Of working it, are guaranty to printers that it
will succeed ana that they and the public will reap
large advantages from it. Already the saving by Its
use quite four times its cost, as any one can see
who will take the trouble TO make the calculation,
based upon the fact of double durability and an add-
tional cOst OF one ith only to font OF type.
Two Millions OF Tons OF SuvER.-The future
historian of Great Britain will doubtless relate, among
the fashions Of the nineteenth century, the rise and
progress of aquariums, how ladies' grown weary Of
buying and losing and rebuying their cats and dogs
drowned their in salt water, and transferred
their directions to lively shrimp. But while they are
exploring the living wonders OF the deep, scientific men
have been ransacking the for treasures, il not as
interesting at least valuable as the beautiful 20
Ophytes and their experiments have led them TO the
conclusion that the ocean holds dissolved two million
tons of silver.
To three French chemists the discovery il due
They took gallons Of water from the coast OF ST. Malo
few leagues from land and anal sed it in two ways
portion of the water they acted upon by the usual
tests on silver and the presence of the precious metal