The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-01-28
AFRICAN ExPLOT ATOMS.


--~-~---~~~---~~----~-~~--
The Nile Erpeaftf0ns-Thr Cape Eoicny--Tae
Western Csast-ExpIorat,0ns or tise Niger
Return OF ESS. LfvsDSstOn, sc.
Tie safe return of Or. LIVINGSTON from the Interior OF
Africa after seven,esn years Of Havs In tina, rngui~ ~
gion has been the subject OF geAers ooog gFstesa'a
This excelert ms norssy, whose influence must nsvs
been deep tohsve pAosd m to traverse AL
TO inhabis in safety, when mnny distinguishes irs
veers have euapp.aed sma is ba.bAsous Wastss, aas
brought back with him Of vaiuabs sod orisuz,
miormsson, and is eniltlea to agn rsas smoos A.
r,can explorers
No continent OF globe nss been mora object 81
wonder than that stretching gorthws,diy avs .hoassro
miles from the Cope OF Good Eopc
and shout four thousand thrse hundred trou Caye
Garuafui, On the Indian ocean, wss,v.rdiy, to Cape
Verde, the Atlantic contch,g tho grsa,sss a.
Serss In the world
From tAo earliest times II has ayaAsued the c1rosxy
of men, but until recently it has besu almost unknown
hsrodotus, who lived nve hundred ,ea-s before Cars
Il carly authority the subject "a. for tnossAuds
OF years though Africs has been 70 cvisa
oouns,es and easily accessible by AMI -;vcrs,
interior has continued blank upon ou. ,ps ras tase
lands Ind never been cr1ssed by Europeans poyh Of the
tropo Of CAproorn and oay small port OF the oountry
north Of the Cape has t lately been de,crbed. 70
sme however, the love OF adventure t,s dsmseas o.
commerce and the zeal fer soeuce been wlrksnw
together for the solution Of great prosms ani Tie
partial Of the elder explorers In AFRICA 5s
followed up by Inter discoveries Of inpogsasc
character
The public not generally swxre, however, o! ths
Unt Of the earlier explorations. and as il, curiosity 10
attracted TO the discoveries Of DR.. Lfasssoo ths
present favorable uo,sas perhaps to take . resxs
epee'ive glance.
The first modern accounts Of Africa sy captive
CHRISTIANS or the mouks who iolowsd them 70 ransou
then rom captivity, and arc Of little value. The
ics situated between the yb:sn desert the ADs ranges
the Mediterranean ana Egypt have been partially
piored ssce 1890 by travellers Of the Of aousse
wnous the Rev 7. Shaw Dr. Iemprere (tne brother o.
the biographer) Domingo Bsiia (besser known A. Ali
Bey, subsequently em,ssasy Of Napolean), CapsAia
Baquiere, Mnuoh, aatalian traveller PAono and Csps
Beechey, but nothing done . systematic plaa Of
operations. AS early the sixteenth century Egyps.
ethe cradle of African cviliza on became tavor,se
study With European geographers Ts anelso, spleair
iis time defyDg monuments, rs magnificent Nile, Pos
ssssed attractions where else 10 be surpassed inter
em One Of the early explorers Richard dreaves
Oxford scholar and professor who was sen, out
agent OF Archbishop Laud 10 purchase manuscripts Toe
him in the Lsvsnt. In 1eaesphe visited Egyp, and mAis
accurate survey Of the Pyraits which be published
his retrrn to Esgiand under the title OF "Pyramds
,hese antiquarian travellers dsd In the carly part o.
the eighteenth century leaving behind him accouss
his travels Barbary and the Lsvant SO Carsta
Nsbuhr EAnovaran born in 1T3s, who went out IN ths
famous Dansh expedition OF Coun. Berusiod, in ITN,
a. ns geographer He was the only one who rctur5sd
from miasion and and rberay rewarded
for his seryaces by the Danish monarch. HIS travels
were published In lTcT He spent . year exsmiaiag
Egypt, and his celebrated that OF hls sss
The historian Of Rome The French nation about sas
period represented In Egypt by Do uailes Consul d Al
exand dfa, born In 1852 He pubnshed curious vosx.
which 70 have been tue result {ons would tainkp
Of the influence OF ihs Nile upon his reason aud
maintained thai every species OF animal The sIoes
man included, owes iva origin to the sea. Frederick
Louis Eorden another of those early travellers Be
was sent by tho King Denmark 10 Egyp, 70 MAKE trsw
ings and observations Of the OF tAss
country. THIS he accomplished, and his "rfavsu 10
Egypt and Nuois,' elegantly prassd aud emoslDass.
and his "hsmor Of the Ionbs and Colossal ssasues u
Tnebes'' Is highly vausd by tho learned he a,sd n
i.4a james Bruce. OF Scotland, immoriAised nmsstr
by his travels In Anic, Hm nie and adventures ara ton
veil known 10 require any psrrcpN aIlasiou them n
this aros. Bat II well enough 70 rsmemoer thai sais
liussnoss In his life tine ssssiled baer,y ~
the critics for the supposed want Of verscy h ssas
ments an Of which, however were confirmed By susss
qucnt travellers. The who had travelled sAiskv
through many thousand miles lass unhsppy lost hts
Efs BY falling down The stairway Of bis own house
Ia tho group may piscs the cslssrs,sd cosas
vonsy, resided this country for yesrs BE-
tween lIas and l7es and bss. known 70 Americans tor
biz "Ralns or nedlAnoas the Revolutions Of Emyrs'
But he mech more dssingnAhs himself by hts tarss.
years travels In Egyp, syria Of which be puhlsasa,
account In two volumes, in i7sI. He had oo;enpe
rary Gullaums Aa,oine Olivier, country man, wAs.
both . naturalist snd traveller At the close Of tao
last century be published valuable work, tho rssaa o.
six yeaxu absence In the East under the title OF "rrsveo
the Ottoman Empire Egypt aud Persa 10 thrcs laAs
volumes with atlas and Plates he Hso eoDributs1
valuable work to natural history colsoptorous sos.
But who bas heard Of another Of ibsso cesors,sd
men, 10 NaBonoour sonuu the friend and sssistAa, sz
Bunssf He visited many r>rss Of Asa snd Airca, ana
published account OF thsm, In hn work on EgyYs.
Greece and Turssy. He profound naturalist, o~s
could never gain good will Of The Robesperes. tho
Nspoleops either during tho rsvor;on Afterwards u
consequence OF his indeDcaience Of opinion In pottna
10 wen literary nfs Then We have Frederick Co..
rad HorncnAnn, . German traveller, born 10 liza. A
the suggestion of bis friend Blumsnbach the naturalist
he was saxen Into the service Of The celebrated African
Association Of London founded By SIR Joseph Hasss 80
promote civilization Of tbs bncks and--the
cal ,n,sre~ss cf ersas Braln" Ho~nemann sAa out IN
i7o. Waited Alexandra and Cairo, crossed the Lys.sa
DESERT reached kourzouk the cap1s Of Fexzan and pro
cesdsd rrpo From this point he intended TO have pre-
ceseod directly into the interior Of Africa but he unovs
nAaeiy died. from drinking cold w>aer, - hsvAs sSous
commanding his journey. Ha nauuscrps vsss MvsA.
ana aissrward pabIished sy tho sossty
rhs csebrNaed Egyptian campaign OF N>yossoa tsssv,
hswsver, all former expeo isto the saads. rv
thousand accompanied ,hs great sacsr and 40
resul Of iAeir hbors recorded In the ma379csns
q the Bszon Denon "Tyavo. In Upper snkIoS~ ~ yrs
ourirs the cAmpaign Of General Bouspsr.a" Cops Of
This are 10 be found AT ss great nbrss Of As os
with arms In ,n4r hands, toe French s.pIorvt ever
thips, measured svwyuas, and made iravinsA Of svs-
ry,hisx worthy Of notes. wnn they ost In 10 CIR bel.