Nebraska advertiser., 1857-12-31
NAvILLE
P~resident,s Message.

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publish it entire. We therefore give a
synopsis of the most important features,
which will enable our readers to form a
very good idea Of this able and interest
ing document :
The President says that owing to the
monetary arrangement of the institutions
of the country, al Government loan may
be required before the close of the present
session. The financial history of the
country for the last forty years has been
one of extravagant expansions in business
which were followed by ruinous contrac-
tions, and the Federal Government can
not do much to provide against a recur-
renee of the existing evils. We must
rely mainly on the patriotism and wisdom
of the States which should afford a real
specie basis for our circulation. He re-
commends the passage of a bankrupt law
applicable to the banking Institutions of
the country.
AS Great Britain and the United
States understand the Clayton Bulwer
treaty ina sense directly opposite, he says
the wisest course is to abrogate it by
mutual consent. Few overtures for its
adjustment were recently made by the
British Government, in a friendly spirit,
which the president cordially reciprocates.
| With all other governments except Spain,
our relations are as peaceful as we could
desire. 1t is the Presidents purpose to
send out a Minister with special instruc-
tions on all questions pending between
this Government and Spain, and with a
determination to have them speedily and
amicably adjusted, if possible.
While our Minister to China has been
instructed to occupy a neutral position In
regard to existing hostilities at Canton,
he will cordially cooperate with the Bri-
fish and French Ministers in all peaceful
measures to secure by treaty stipulatIons
those Just concessions to commerce which
the nations of the world have a right to
expect, and which China cannot be per-
mitted to withhold.
Our difficulties with New Grenada are
it is to be hoped, in a fair train of set
clement, in a manner just and honorable
to beth parties. The United States are
more deeply interested than any other
nation in preserving the freedom Of and
security of all communications across the
Isthmus of Central America including
the Panama. He recommends the pas
sage of an act authorizing the President
in case of necessity, to employ land and
naval force to carry into effect the qua
rantee of neutrality, and also similar le-
gislation for the security of any other
route across the Isthmus in which we may
acquire an interest by treaty.
The President condemns the lawless
expeditions fitted out against independent
republics on this continent. He recon-
mends the whole subject to the serious
attention of Congress, believing it our du-
ty and interest, as well as due to our ma
tional character, to adopt such measures
as will be effectual in restraining our ci-
tizens from committing such outrages.
The President says the Kansas Con-
%vention was not bound by the Kansas-Ne-
braska act to submit any other portion of
the Constitution TO the people, except that
which relates to the domestic institution
of slavery. The election will be held
under Legitimate authority, and if any
portion Of the inhabitants refuse to vote,
a fair opportunity to do so having been
presented to them, it will be their OWL
voluntary act, and they alone will be res
ponsible for the consequences.
The President says the rebellion in
Utah is the first which has existed in our
Territories, and humanity requires thai
it should be put down in such a manner
as shall be best. In order to do this, il
will be necessary to raise four additional
regiments of troops.
He recommends the establishment of a
Territorial Government for Arizona, and
commends to the friendly consideration of
Congress the, subject of the Pacific Rail
road, without finally committing himself
to n particular route. He calls espe-
cial attention to the recommendation of
the Secretary of the Navy in favor of the
construction of ten small steamers of
light draught.
In regard to the financial crisis, the
President concludes thus "But this | say
after long and much reflection, if expe-
rience shall prove it to be impossible to
enjoy the facilities which well regulated
Banks might afford, without at the same
time suffering the calamities which the
5 excess of Banks have hitherto inflicted
upon the country, it would then be far
the lesser evil to deprive them altogether
of the power to issue a paper currency,
and confine them to the functions of banks
l of deposit or discount.
: In referring to the public lands, he
says: They should be disposed of so as
to furnish homes for the hardy and indie
pendent race of honest and industrious
citizens, DESTROYS of cultivating the soil.
l To squander away the public domain
upon objects of questionable constitution
atty is a violation of the most important
trust committed to any people. He dep
recates speculations IN public lands and
I says the public survey ought only to keep
pace with the tide of immigration. II
Congress hereafter grants alternate Sec
tons to companies, other sections should
be retained, subject only to actual settlers
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