Bradford reporter. [volume] (Towanda, Pa.) 1844-1884, 1857-12-17

the Secnrity ana eSItISioh Ut OUT coiiihiesCe
The gath article of this treaty stipulated fer
| 4 revision of it, in case experience shond prove
this TO be requisite In which these the
two Governments will at the e4pyston OF
twelve wears from the date Of the said Con-
ventioG, treat anicaby concerning the Same
by means of suitable persons appointed TO
conduct such negotiations" These twelve
wears expired on July 8, 1856, but long before
that period it was ascertained that important
changes in the treaty we're necessary and
several fruitless attempts were made by the
Commissioners Of the United States to effect
those changes Another effort was about to
be made Tor the same purpose by our CoTnis.
si0ner in conjunction with the Ministers ot
England and France, but this was suspended
by the occurrence Of hostilities in the Cantou
River between Great Britain and the Chinese
Empire These hostiIties have necessarily in
terrupted the trade Of all nations with Can
ton, which is now in a state Of blockade, ard
have occasioned ser:ous loss of life and pro-
perry. Meanwhile the ilsurrect!on within the
empire against the existing imperial dynasty
still continues, and it is difficult TO anticipate
the result. -
Under these circumstances, have deemed
it advisable to appoint a distinguished citizen
of PENNSYLVANIA Envoy Extraordinary aud
Minister Plenipotentiarv to proceed to China,
aud to avail himself of any opportunities which
NAV offer TO effect changes ia the existing trea-
ty Favorable 10 American commerce. He left
the United States for the place Of his destlna.
tioa in July last in the war steamer Minnesota.
Special Ministers have also been appointed bv
the Government Of Great Britain and France.
Whist our Minister has been instructed to
occupy neutral position in reference to the
existing hoatil!ties at Canton, he viii cordially
cooperate with the British and French Minis
tiers in all peaceful measures to secure By trea-
tv stpuations those concessions to commerce
, which the nations of the world hare right to
expect, and which China cannot long be per-
mitted to Withhold. From ASSURANCE received,
| entertain 10 doubt that the three Ministers
will act in harmonious concert TO obtain sim-
lar commercial treaties for each of the powers
they represent.
We cannot fall TO feel deep interest in all
that concerns the welfare of the independent
republics on our own continent, IS well as the
empire of Brazil.
Our difficulties with New Grenada, which
short time since bore so threatening an as
pcct, are, it IS to be hoped, in fair train OF
settlement in manner just and honorable to
both parties.
The I>thmus of Central America, including
that Of Panama, is the great highway between
the Atlantic ana Pacific, oFer which large
portion Of the commerce of the world is des-
tined TO pass TIE United States are more
deeply interested than any other nation in pre-
serving the freedom and security Of all the
communications across this Isthmus. II is our
duty therefore, 10 fake care that they shall not
te interrupted either by invas;ons from our
own c0Gutfv OF By wars between the indepen-
dent States Of Central America. Under our
treaty with New Grenada Of the 18th Decen-
Der, 1916, Te are bound 20 guarantee the
neutrality .! the isthmns Of Panama, through
which the Panama railroad passes. "as well
as the rights Of sovereignty and property which
New Grenada has and possesses over the said
Territory This obligation is founded upon
equivalents granted by the treaty 10 the
government and people Of the United States
Under these circumstances, | recommend TO
Congress the passage Of an act authorizing The
President In case Of necessity TO employ the
land ahi naval forces nj the [ niied States TO
carry into effect This guarantee OF neutrality
and pro:e,tion. also recommend simia-
legislation for the security Of any ether route
acro>s the I>thtuGs in which we may acquire
al iutereSt by treaty.
With the independent RepaLhes on this
C3n;ilieut it IS both cur duty and our lteres.
- cultivate tie most friendly relatioas.-
We can neTer feel Indifferent TO their fate ard
must always rejoice in their prosperity Tn.
fortun8:ey for hem aud for Us our example aad
advice have lost :ngch ui tier influence IN con
sequence OF the laNeSs expeditions which has.
been fitted c1t against some OF them within
the limits OF our country Nothing is better
calculated TO re,ari oUr character as nation,
than the toIeration Of such enterprises ia Tio-
ii -. o. the lax Of nations
+: :S ouc Of tie first and highest duties C
al: independent Stale. in lis relations with
the members Of the great family OF nations 20
restrain its people from acts OF hostile aggres-
son agains. ;lteir citizens or Sa!,jeets. The
most enueE. writer's On rab.ic law do nc:
hesitate 10 deuCalce such loz:i.- acts es rob
i,erv and niurder
Weak and t-eiile States. Ike thosc or Car
trai .Ancrica. NAV MT feel themselves able u
assert aai Fin.iicats t;leiF rights. The ca,
gcu.i be far d.T-reat Il expeditions were s.,
o1 :oct within orr Own territories 10 make
private var against powerful nation. II
,nch expeditions we're fttei on. from ahroai
against 2av r77-;Ga c. Cr1r oEa country, IN
iE-Tn down p1- c:tcs. Yrarier aEsl piG:f1es cu-
EFeOpie, and g~DFp oar goTeEnraent. we shoa.d
ca4 az PCTeE o. earth 10 the s,ric:est accs EFT
for nat g-eTec.ir- SccI enoEE.ties
Ever since the Administration O. Go---al
W.safvsrro~, acts OF Congress hare beer in
force 20 pZn.s1 severity ,be crirn. of set.in-
On 10. a military expedition within ;he hints
q the Uni . Stat=<s 80 T,Fcceel f-on tile5cs
against nstiol o- State With r;iofn re a.
al peace. The present neutrality net OF tpri
%, 1878, IS 5Gi N;l.e more saaG q oc.iscEoa
.! pre-ezist.ng laws Under this ac;, II
President IS eE1poEeT4l 10 ernpiov ;Ee lzoi