The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-04-12


1863. BY the plan which he proposed, ana which
created some sensation in the public mind, every
kind of merchandise was classified under three divl-
si0ns heads. Brandies and spirits still continued
subject to duty of hundred per cent. Raw ma
terals required for manufacture and those articles
which were of general Decessity and consumption,
were all admitted free of duty; and all other goods
| on which any duty was to he paid were subjected
to one Uniform duty of rs per cent. Among the
articles admitted free of duty was that Of vine,
which the Cabinet Of Washington was DESTROYS of
placing within the reach Of the American people, as
an agreeable and healthy beverage preferable to ar
den: spirits For this reason wine was placed on the
! same footing ms tea and coffee, which for long
time have been admitted duty free into the United
! States. This plan OF the Derican Minister gave
rise to a variety of critcisms some found the lis
of goods admitted free of duty far too large and
extensive; others blamed the indiscriminate uni
forpfy of the rs per cent duty. Bot upon the
whole the principle OF reducing the tariff aud OF
making articles of primary necessity free OF duty,
met with general appreciation still more recent
proposition of the American government comprises
in the list Of articles exempt from duty all sub
stances required in manufactures, aud especially all
those which have been declared free in the English
Custom Houses.
by these various notifications the customs receipts
were diminished by about seven or sight millions
of dollars. The addition of the article Of salt and
few other articles of general consumption TO the list
OF goods, free of duty produced about the same d.
intuition Yet, in spite Of all these reductions. the
receipts of the Custom House would amount to
about fifty millions Of dollars, sum which, added
to the product of the sale of the public lands Is
abundantly sufficient for all the requirements OF the
federal government. The Secretary of the Trea
sury expected great and favorable results to the
manufactures and to the ship png trade of tae Uaited
States from these bis measures. According to his
ideas. the trade with the West Indies with Mexico
with Central America and with the several States
of South America would be doubled in very short
time by these changes nasmuch az all these various
countries, having no manufactures OF their own,
would exchange their tropical aud other productions
for the acturpd goods the United Sta in
! the manner the Northern States ofthe Union
are in the habit Of exchanging with the Southern
States: According to the accounts last received
from America, the first part Of the plan here pro-
| posed ia all that has been adopted. 1t would seem
is If there was fear of diminishing the fiscal
revenue to too large an extent, and also of
| taking of to much of the protection accorded to
American industry, and necessary for its encour-
Dent The effort has been made to conciliate tue
| interests of the commercial and manufacturing
classes by making all articles of the first necessity
| wholly free of any impost or duty whatsoever. A
reform going no further than this has but little in
teIest for French merchants or French commerce
in general. It cheats us all Of the hopes which we
| have had right to indulge in. or course we are
well aware that the anatical zeal Of the temperance
societies would be invincibly opposed to allowing
sny reduction to be made in the enormous du-
ties levied en- our brandies. But at ali events we
bad the right to look for some diminution OF the
duty of thirty and forty per cent which weighs
America
| May the WcoB0 part Oh The 1IlH pIOJeCt Vi bHt
late administration be 80 executed by the new ad-
mnstration to tend to the increased activity of
our exchanges, especially now when French line
of transatlantic steamers Is about to be established
on permanent footing.
The New Tariff OF the United States First
Advance towards FREQ Trade.
From me London Tones Maron "a
The nat OFFICIAL cot of President Pierce viii perhaps In
The opinion q Ss: ,sy over iss sc
~ tav h Inf
u-ss6 6Aass. nus sooe zen ~ Twelve ysas after our
selves the Aercsns have taken one sep In the dirsc
tim Of ree trade Not that the new tAsn goea very far,
for s nearly the whole Of the revenue m s,d BY
auses paid Imports %, the principle admitted ths;
o. prot caiou ana ve may expect that the population
and wealth of the republo increase IN the ucssury
ss iurthsr reduced. The susnoisl history Of The
United 9 ses " simpic enough. A new country,
nu INN ,.. ana p sd ~ rs 10 40
one hand, The rsce Of farmers aud afcken who over
spread The country have sensrslly more than suciea
cy OF the ssoessari.s Of e End sford 70 pay fair
price for Iuxuries oots sussr. wins and Spirits
and for whst may be called semi necsssarss such
there Il no cIsss shcs can be n used IN being
called 10 contribute 70 the snes Of the state. In
dozen ports can levy duties produos II to Do as
trbussd IN imme Continent and tho tar 10 paid
BY NE prosperous wnsou. being 'ch On
the osHer hand rec, TAXATION Ia a'uost impossible
Who 10 10 reaon the bach woodsuan In his nut,
or 'sk the d~sler on the p'sr.ss the anaaas OF
nsqasrs "oineucs" would follo~ auy aaenps 70 send
he sxrstheref into Wisconsin or Minnesota 10, with
the consent Of every enc system OF axs on theorea
csly imperfsc,, but practicable efsorvs has grown no.
and poa ably viii continue 10 fourisn. BIZ duNes I'm
ports every taxed according 70 The scne On which
no lives an the community too fresh too v'rorou,
too well supped with The materials OF pr )sp@iy 70 fee
a iuSuss,y Witch are Inc rssus. Of prcscIsu "A old
tbehy populated country Ike our ovn IL obliged 10 ~
oorduo' % nWy ~ possible 10 the rule Of nsore,ica'
r,ebs bul - young msn 10 sble TO disregard valeuti
nsrsu recepN which his elders snnot Amofioa win
population . moro primitive sis'e and whn boout.
lees territory, may dsosey tho strct rules o political
scorouy while m the artificial soc,s,y OF Eassnd 20,
enac sior destroy the prosperity OF emit 70 olssses
woiie, therefore, north America st rrmA.ns only
asassy peopaed while the pioneers Of o,virzauin
still talk OF he r0 West. We are not likely 10 s.e ms
s.ss. s,s NO. sss.m.s g. IN,
so'er Of Europe snd 10 sec-sss,y 70 atsps legislation
TO this isca People sre ins on. Ter chesosr iron snd
wool, cheaper liquors., onesper ciotbnE Happily, toe
Increasing income fe~ nf tue State sow this
demand 10 be grained apd tins statesmen Of toe Uaion
/ oos by mssns entail . 81 nnutou OF the return.
Crsequent, the pev iarn oil, provides for regular
rss in the Upiisd States pay I'D paroreg duties vary
log from leo cent down 20 per cent Ths's duties
ico rsr cent iris ons,se t. rsduoss 70 sev.o,y p.r cent
A. the population OF the Unea ssiss !, sprs crinsrg
sno ret beer srit king this oa.rse -u .asct considers.
copsumpuon. The duy on iron refuoei only from
thrty 70 tvest, our Ger cent I'M, sc carrot hsp
thnr or very nsdequse reform both ~ regards tsc
pirople ~ free trade The Interests of the
One Of the cbff ., Amsrcs one.p sad soId ro1
fer fai~sys and o,her me Interests ot rspty
! impvovinr ccurtry and exp,ptlug p,peisuon rs
! quue that % obstacle shooc oe sized u Toe way
OF thcse grtat enierprises 10 vnisn Hon tne
chic ms'eViai; yet that the American boivorkcfs
nay ne protected, the ell z-rs are cooNnt - pa'
/ up with their d'ar ard bef irnr, bot % keep
oui ours By do,y 81 per cent There can 10 ii1la
dcutt inst 9Th small duU NJ foreign metal anercs
would gain BY ibe greater ecpuouY o' consr x pr1
D. voIks While the rtvfDue, buoycd % ~ hainjrsarof
! Importation woud suffer notriuE
The duty voocrs Ia tinisfy reduosc IrHm no
- per cent Ia country -here the fxU1 net ~ nssl
aud orlf FrCa-hare ne 'tnef m5ntter, 70 f.s,
rsrges over iao drgrees-woocl cotn uS ~ ahrndsnos
| -srecssiy Auerica N q c0ustry ~ rhcuoatlsn aud
ssuc srd should sb every cho- ia,ims's ths mpOr
/ ~ ron of warn. well woven cioshrg, yc' y '1p2Jrt
rvfckiy msuu'sctdFes Tho duiy mat sross ~ tho
rlnd kept W 20 - per cen, tar suJoentW .c'g os
toe fec competition tha toKfh fsrtNrtee ~ MAKE
ottos dear " he rich, ana uuxtsnsbe IA SUN sat
4 qv'naties b, the very poor Well may Nss Ysrs