Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1857-03-28

truly wish to diminish foreign immigration cease tn,
futile talk Of changes in the naturalization laws which
can have but little effect in keeping the foreigner
away, in changing his political condition when here
but heartily join in the great freetrade movements
longer offer premium to foreign immigration to
Northern towns, and villages, and hamlets, where only
liberty to employ its labor but rather let work
q for abroad where it already u.s.
have shown you sir that the taxes are so levied
as to yield to the manufacturers of small section
revenue nearly quite great they give to the Gov
ernment and to complete the case show that the
section has the benefit of the greater part of the
pendure, of the Government share of the tribute
In 1888 the Secretary of the Treasury reported that
hundred and two millions of expenditures in the
preceding i've years, sxty-fve millions about two
thirds, at the North. believe this proportion has
since then rather increased than diminished And nearly
every branch of the public disbursements repeats the
story. OF S53 000 900 expended in collecting the
customs prior to 1S49 S43 600 900 were at the North
Sl0 900 had been paid in fishing bounties nearly all
i to New England. Fifteen million two hundred and one
thousand two hundred and twenty three dollars had been
spent upon roads, rivers and harbors Exclusive of the
Ohio and Mississippi which are common to both Sec
tons, and of this sum $12 743, 407 the North
have not time to follow the details further but when
such mighty current Of taxation and bounties and ex-
penditures sets in direction when the northeastern
States receive nearly all its benefits what wonder in their
boasted palaces and cities
think this injustice and inequality in the action of
Government is due in part the condition of par
ties. Whether right wrong, the South has had her
fixed principles of public policy which she has steadily
|
but brief exceptions. The North, from whatever cause
has been vacillang in her views she has shifted
from side to side almost as often she changes the
sonel of her representation this floor Thus hap
pens that both parties in the South bid for Northern
votes Each offered high bounes on eottons and wool
lens in exchange for New England votes but the posi-
ton of hostility which New England seems now finally
to have assumed towards very existence of the South
and its constitutional equality in the Union has taken
that customer at least of the political market Then
there has Pennsylvania been, and her large vote
could not be had without bounty on iron.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman must confine himself
to the question.
Mr.. GARRETT. l am combining myself to the question.
trying to show how tariffs have been made and
how they may be reduced In Pennsylvania sir have
attacked the enemy in his headquarters We have paid
price for oil, and have selected of her
the leader of the Democratic forces to make
breach in this iron rampant and batter down the strong
hold of the restrictive policy Such is the duty which
the President elect is pledged such is the work the De-
mocracy of the Union expect him to accomplish; and
will not permit myself to doubt that his friends here will
cordially aid. My friend over the way (r FLoRENcE)
says wait" Let me tell him that the fight before him
for the next four years must be Of principle if he
means to succeed. surrender of Democratic princi-
pies for temporary popularity viii be deservedy
vailing; victories purchased worthless
| Mr.. FLORENCE The remark wait and reflect"
prompted by the suggestion which the gentleman made
consider myself pretty nearly sound any Virginia
! Democrat this floor. moment or two would not
suffice to explain my position and hence do not desire
to interrupt the gentleman. At the proper time, if my
Judgment suggests the necessity of it, will take the op
porunity of defining my position.
Mr.. GARRETT. The recent Presidential election either
meant something or it meant nothing. Fit meant any
thing meant that had determined for the next four
years to administer the Government Democratic prin
ciples; and of the first of the Democratic prin
ciples is free trade another is the reduction of the
pendures of the Government to economical standard
and the arrangement of the that they shall fall
equally all, every duty being imposed with single
eye to revenue alone, not an iota for protection.
1o1o
unless it be of carrying principles lido not
consider that the object of that great to
determine who should hold Office and who should get the
fat contracts. do not think that its only purpose was
to put Democratic general at the head of army of
hundred thousand holders with the control of
the expenditure of S70,000000 1t intended to in
augurate and carry out the Democratic pohcy-peace
with all the world rights and honor protected abroad
the rights of all the States regarded at home free and
ample opportunity for Southern energy and Southern
Eeprse to expand and strengthen Southern Institutions
meantime to bring back the Goyernment to the old
Republican standard, when the Federal Union was re-
garded nothing than alliance, offensive and
defensive, between sovereign States, with customs
union superadded. We must have economy in expendi-
lures and tariff freetrade principles, that this
great Confederacy of Anglo American Commonwealth
may take its righful place in the of public opinion
and lead the freetrade movement which is gradually
enrolling all nations under its banner, well imperial
France and despotic Austria free England.
Sir, if there a people to whose energy and
sagacy the direction of their industry and capital
might be safely trusted it is the American He has in
hered the rowing, adventurous disposition of the old
Norman with all his eagerness and shreWdness In the
pursuit of GAIN who went through Europe, oayoures
gaaignant ever striving and winning. Kingdoms were
the rewards of his enterprises for ours, have under
taken the conquest of nature and her elements become
attendant ministers and slaves. Her lightning con-
veys will; her fire and water watt with almost
equal speed from cline to Cline land and The
mission of generation is to subdue the material uni
verse; and in the rivalry of all nations to fulfil this work.
demand for American genius and industry that the
shackes shall be stricken from its hands that this abb
surd Chinese policy of restrictions these relics
of barbarsm which you call protective tariffs shall be
abandoned and American labor left free to choose its
own pursuits and to seek its rewards throughout
the wide circle of the earth Let the people OF the
North follow the bent of their genius amazing the world
by the feas of mechanical SKILL and covering the remot-
est with the argoses of their commerce. free as the
winds and boundless the that bear It. We OF
the South prefer the most ancient of human pursultshe
tlng of the fields and we furnish the great staples of
the worlds exchanges, the bread that strengthens
mans heart, and the heecy cotton that clothes him.
Our tobacco supplies of the necessities of mans ply
steal nature and it is not too much to say that our cot
ton controls the destinies of Chrstendom We ask no
peculiar privileges, special benefits only demand
that you shall not tax industry to support yours
that shall be left free to sell and buy wherever our
interest leads u.s. And if we think that understand
the philosophy and art of government best if we be-
ieve in system which relies chiefly individual enter
prise and wisdom and confines Government to but few
and simple functions in protecting life and liberty; if
we prefer social organization, which guards US
against the OF anarchy and tbs of socialism
yet we perfectly content that you shall maintain at
home your system and that you should esteem it more
Democratic. Only by this mutual liberation, only by
legislation which seduously avoids injustice whether
sections to classes you keep together SO vast
Confederacy embracing such diversified interests, look
ing from shore upon the living moving restless ma