The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-07-01

any one claes or section of the community should
be sacrificed to unduly foster those of another.
Ths Close Or the Fiscal Year-rhe New
TariH.
Yesterday and to-day form important periods
10 the commercial calendar in the United States
Yesterday closed the financial year Of our gov
ernment to which period the imports and exports
OF the country are made up showing the nature
of our domestic exports to all parts of the world
and their particular and aggregate value, and
the character and value of all foreign goods i'm
ported and re-exported The previous fiscal year
exhibited an unprecedented amount of both ex
ports and imports; and as large as the latter
were-greatly in excess Of former years yet the
exports largely exceeded them in value
The returns for the fiscal year ending yester-
day, though likely to show a considerable falling
off in some articles, with an increase in Others,
yet we imagine the chief decline in exports will
be found to have been experienced in the last
quarter, and principally in breadstulfs and pro-
visions.
Although the crop Of cotton was under three
million bales, yet, owing to the great advance
ia prices, it will sell for more in the aggregate
than the crop Of 100000 bales in 1886.
Thus, if We estimate the value Of the crop
of 1886 at 10 cents per h., or $40 per
bale, it was worth Sl4O, 900 900. If we set down
the crop of 1867 at 1850 900 bales, and esti-
mate it an average Of Is cents per h., or about
$50 per bale, it Will yield the large amount of
SIT 900 600. Our total exports since Septem-
hox haau follo
Bales. Vdl,s.
1885,. 2Iel 600 $ul,6i0,00o
1867 ...... ............ 2l26oco l21,5oo,oOo
THUS showing that, while the exports have
fallen off $4,000 bales, yet the total value of
shipments in lS56-57 exceeds that of 1886
by SIS 1850, 0OO-a difference to be greatly aug
mented before the close of the season.
The other event in our commercial history is
the Inauguration of the new tariff to-day.
The new tariff comes into operation to-day,
and will put an end, at least in one sense,
to the endorsements under which our com.
merce has been lsboring for the last few
months 1t remains to be seen whether it will
not create for the moment other difficulties which
will press heavily upon individual interests. OF
the benefits which it will confer in the long run
there can be no question. Although the reduc-
tons, except on liquors, do not amount, on the
great bulk Of the importations, to more than an
average of five or six per cent yet there is very
little doubt that as the Secretary of the Treasury
asserts, they will leave such surplus of revenue
as will enable Congress to increase the free list
next year. If il were nothing but the boon which
the tariff confers in the reduction of the duty on
foreign liquors. we should have reason to be
thankful for the change. II If admitted on all
hands that much Of the drunkenness and great
deal Of the disease that prevail among US are to
be attributed to the vile and poisonous compounds
which are sold here under counterfeited foreign
brands In the wine and brandy growing dis
tricts Of France and Germany. where the popula-
ton indulge freely in the use of these products,
the same results are not 10 be witnessed-at least
not to anything like the same extent By plac-
ing pure wines and liquors, therefore, within the
reach Of our population, we are making an OK
pertinent which Is likely to exercise most bene-
fetal effect upon their condition and habits In
point OF revenue we believe that the reduction of
the duties will be attended with proportionate
advantages
The value of goods held in bond in this market
upon which the tariff is to operate to-day is very
great The heaviest in amount Is composed of
sugars and molasses. BY reference to another
column il will be perceived that the stock of
sugars held embraces 9l,i22 hbds, against
50,29l hide. on the LIST of July 1856; besides
2i,3ll bids and 5000 bags molado, while
there are 27,7l2 boxes this year against 1929 10
fSjG, and IL ,363 hhds and 1868 bbls. molas-
see estimated TO be worth. in round numbers.
about Sl30O0,000 o Sl4OO0,OOO. There are
ALEC held in bond heavy smounts Of foreign dry
goods, hemp, and 9,5lG bates Of Cuba and Ha-
vana tobacco, besides hardware and q great
variety of ether articles, forming grand total
OF great value.
The immediate effect of the new tariff will.
however, we fear, disappoint the expectations of
many. Under the regulation emitting all cargces
TO It's benefts which have not broken bulk, i'm
mcnsc importations have been made during the
last few months, until our ports are nov regularly
jsmmed up with every description of mcrchan-
disc. These goods have already been drawn for
on the other aide, aod in order TO meet those
bIlls the importers will have to throw their goods
Immediately on the market and sell at any price
Thus, the advantages which they expected to
reap from the reduction Of the duties viii be more
than lost to them by the heavy sacri6ces
which they viii have to make to fulfil their en-
gsgcmsnts These disappointments are, however,
Of but small account in comparison with the
general benefits which will be derived from the
mearNc. II Is only pity that these scarce
fruits Of legislative wisdom can only be received
by instalmcnts-
A DEs MEMoRABIIs AT THE NEw York
CusToN HousE.-Todsy the new Collector
Augustus Schell, formally enters upon the dutie
of his office and There will he n general tutterino