The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1857-04-04
DEPARTMENT. NEWS
STATE DEPARTMENT.

q STATE DEPARTMENT
China-Ths following interesting extract IL taken from
| ths communication of correspondent at Shanghai.
"When the treaty OF Wanghia was signed July A. 1874
Canton was 1t had been for than century, the
principal port Of foreign trade Twelve years have
elapsed and great commercial changes have taken place
Shanghai has become port of trade greater In
and value than the entire foreign trade at all the five ports
ten years BY its geographical position, and by the
facilities which IL affords for Communication By water
which is the popular and certain in China 1t COM
mands the trade of onehird OF the most productive and
populous portion of this vast empire. The policy too
which has been steadily pursued here by foreign officials
differing widely from that followed Canton, has grad
ually but surely created in the minds of the Chinese
faith and respect for foreigners which ia not en-
joyed any place else in China, which basis more
than any other ID to be founded the rapid growth OF
this emporium Had boen trammelled by treaty
of limits there is imagining to what extent the trade Of
this port might have been carried in the interior
present will only add that this port destined under
wise policy become it should be- the grand sfepot
Of foreign trade in the empire OF China.
Loochow is distant from Shanghai but eighty miIes,
aud is sal to contain nearly two millions of Inhabitants
II OF the wealthies in the empire great silk
manufacturing city well as great banking city 1t
has often been called the Paris Of China Vast quantities
Of the cotton goods imported into Shanghai that city
and sold to the notwithstanding the taxation
or profits Of the broker or merchant.
Hangchan ID the great banking city OF the province OF
Chekeang quite as large as Looshow, and quite much
celebrated for its silk and embroidery manufactures From
y tue great silk traders draw all their capital as also many
Of the tea traders II can DO approached by water from
Shanghai, but more easily from Rngpo via Chapoo.
The premonory Of Shautung contains Of 65 900
square miles (e9ua to Nssouri) and population Of thirty
millions (equa the whole of the United Sstes It Is
highly cultivated producing wheat, met rice, maize of
rus apples grapes and grown in the largest
quantities. 1t has many good harbors the important
Of which is that the north side called Tang-chanu.
The number Of native craft which entered this port from
Shangtang last year ten thousand and the estimated
value at the customhouse OF their imports was 500 900
aels or nearly million of dollars This trade too was
carried in the face Of hordes of pirates who sometimes
destroyed entire native fleets In consequence of piracy
Al. aIc
Canton has beea driven for safety to foreign bottoms and
If this promontory thrown open to foreign trade the
same result would follow there.
Yangz Keang river travsrscs the empire OF China from
east rising from three streams in Thibet and dis
charging itself into the Pacific near Shanghae after having
aversed country OF about 5000 miles in extent rich in
mineral and agricultural products This great river Is
called by various before it reaches Wuchangfu the
capital Of upeh there it takes the great known to
foreigners Ysntzkeang.
"Wuchangfu is the capital of Hupeb Opposite TO IL is
the city of Hanyangu, and opposite again is Hankan
These three cities said to contain eight millions of peo
Pile and there often anchored before them ten thousand
sail Of native vessels The Jesuits and missionaries who
have visited there well as the natives We meet with
here all speak Of that point the great river the great
emporium where Is exchanged the vast products o. the
changu and among the rusLes there ten fahoms
of water Foreigners in China have been ia the habit Of
styling Shanghai the New Orleans of China, and Loo
chow the Paris; but wuchangfu and Hankan might
we'll be called the New York and Brooklyn Of China
This province Of Hupeh contains about seveny thousand
square mies and risiog Of thirty millions of inhab
itsns The principal productions breadsnffs, silk
cotton and tea by establishing this point at the limit Of
trade foreigners at present. 1t would open up district
Of country to enterprise and would unfold markets the
er ent OF which has been dreamed Of En- the
trader would pass Chnkeangu the great city the mouth
of the grand the Yangtszkeang also the ancient
capital Of Marking which yet Of the largest citiea
Of the empire On this river and Its rbgtsses, oeweeh
lite mouth and Hsgkan s the most productive portion Of
this empire and II also estimated that oncthird Of the
population Of this empire communicate with each other
thereby IL geographically the greai commercial artery
OF China and the Chiness have by artificial extend
ed IL by connecngi With other rivers and immense In
Is9 .ak:' thus concentrating as u were on tia srGa.