, 1857-11-20

that of the PryaIlup will sufficient, r.., .0
en- the recollection oi all.
We presume that no person ocoD.iD,.,
with the history of our Territory siDoa ~
date of our treaty with Great Britoin u,
1916, or since the enactment of the do,o
ton law, or presumption act by CoOg,s,.
liquidating the Indian title to all laudS Scon
tained therein will deny but that soma Il
dians have suffered real grievances Il A..
tied degree, at the hands of the Whit,
In some instances, bad white men Wa a..
told, have obtained the labor of Tndi.a'
ana afterwards have failed to pay them fl.
wages stipulated. Their ancient bD,i.I
places and fishing grounds have been i,,.,
fered with, and old camping spots and M
td'oe patches have been wrested from than
and plowed up; and yet they are more than
compensated in this respect, as g.v,,,J
rule, by their intercourse with homes. .;,;
zons Of our territory, with whom they car.
ry on their traffic, and for whom they ne,
form labor.
If VIC are correctly Informed, the la,.
hostile Indians west Of the Cascade NOM.
tains do not assign as q primary cause for
their outbreak, the passing Of the land,
which they claim from the savage to tbs
civilized. All the real causes opeatiny
upon the minds of these Indians in deter.
mining them to take up arms against tbo
settlements, may be sumed up, we believe
briefly as follows:
lst The Yakimas, CIickitats and Wal
la.wallas being known to bo powerful tribes
and dreaded us such, had determined upon
the war, and had threatened, should thew
be successful, 10 kill or make slaves Of all
who failed to make common cause with
them, Thus, the tribes inhabiting the
country upon the Sound, Chehalis, COEIitz
and the Columbia river west Of the noun.
tainS, were fearful that these threats would
he literally carried into execution.
End. The prospect of the spOils
3rd The encouragement they received
from foreign s0Wrcc-the Mormons, etc.
4th Believing that unless checked IN
time, the Americans would eventually over.
run the country, and the Indians would be
, wiped out consequently, they regurdedlhe
opportunity presented as timely and favor
} able for the consummation Of their object.
The strength of the hostiles west Of the
: Cascades may be estimated as follows;
OF the Nisquallys and Puyallups under
Leschi and Qucmuth, 65 warriers. 0fibs
Green and White River Indians, together
with the disaffected Of the Upper DuWan-
ish, under Nels6p and Kitsap, So warrien
OF the Clickitats and their relatives west =
Of the mountains, living near the head Of
White aud Green rivers, under Kanascut
55 warrers; and of the upper PuyalluPr
under O'Quiltin, 20 warriers. Total nun.
Der in the field, l65 warriers, who. com
+ menced hostilties on the White river settle
ment in October, 1855.
I In February following, they were rein.
forced by forty Clickitats from the east side
of the mountains, under Young ouhi
1t is now ascertained to certainty, that
+ the above were not the only Indians west
, Of the Cascades, who cutered into the com
bination. 1t is apparent that all the tribes
on the Sound and the Straits sympathised
with their movements, and agreat mgoriiy
Of them actually pledged themselves la
council to act in concert. Had not the
: members of these tribes been compelled
from unlockedror events 10 violate their
} faith, the number Of warriors in the field,
west Of the mountains, would doubtless
have been increased from some two, 10
twelve hundred.
Circumstances which prevented the lor-
nation, to perfection, Of the Indian alliance
on the Sound, will be apparent, 10 part
from what follows:
The massacre on While Rirsr toos pa@
Too soon. Nelson and Kitsap commltteoA =
fatal error by striking blow until the eo~'
bination was perfectly matured. and Oe'OiS
the plans were fully agreed upOni aHS0osn
it was undoubtedly missukc, yet, the ''ep'
T taken at that particular time, disp'ayeu
degree Of shrcwdncss which our clulsus
. had not attached to the Indian character
The first masterstroke of policy in the SOI
duet Of the war on this side, was the 's''"
of Capt. HAYS of the Volunteer Ser.''''
and Capt. MALoxEY Of the Regulars nun
meditated excursion to the other slde'
whittier they we're en- route, for the POn,s.
ment of the mnrderers Of our citizens sO"e
to ond returning from Ft. Colville. IL NS