The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1857-02-07
THE DAILY DISPATCH.
City or Chariestsa, \. c., &c.


This has the aspect CT foreign CITY, The pri
vate residences sanding spart from each other sur.
rounded by beautiful gardens; rs uniformly differ
Ing f.om eachother In their style of architecture
rs in cur more modern cities they uniformly agree
with an air of grandeur In their lofty and massive
fronts, give Charleston the aspect of q city o
palaces. Not afew of the houses are built end or
to the street. with piazzss extending TO the roof
The churches are the most imposing ecclesiastica
structures have ever seen. Indeed, l know nc
city OF the South which boast snch magnificenl
public buildings of every description as this city
Our own Richmond, in advantages and attract We
ness Of natural position, is undoubtedly the mos,
beautiful city in America. but in architecture
achievements, Charleston throws us far into the
shade There is an air OF antiquity over both
public and private edifces which Is rarely seen 10
m American town, and which, though by no means
an cid fogy, cot fess, is agreeable and refreshing
TO my eyes. Charleston is indeed an old city, Al
old age is reckoned on this continent. Its founda
tions we're laid in 1872 though it not till some
fifteen years afterwards that the French Hugue
nois, the parent stock of the Charleston ctivairy
settled here The population, however, consider
ing the extent of It's communications with the in.
terror, and the vastness and variety of the re-
sources which those communications command, Is
not what 1t ought to be. According TO the census
of 1880 the white population of the city was
twenty thousand, the slave nineteen thousand, and
the free negroes about fur thousand more -
Though there has been . diminution cf the slave
population since that time, there has been an in
crease of the white Judging from the increased
demand for rents and the number of white labo-
rers, principally foreigners, who may be found en-
gagged upon the public VIC. Ks Of the city, IS por-
ters, draymen, &c IL Is safe to estimate the pre-
sent population at so 009 Lock at the multitude OF
Northern towns cf this population, the whole CT
which combined, could not present tenth part OF
the treasures which the products of South Caroli-
ma ought TO SECURE to its principal seaport.
The averge crop of sea island cotton in this State
is about % 900 bales, two thirds of this to
Charleston, the rest goes TO Savannah The rice
crop Is near 10000 tierces, Of which Charlie s.on
receives all No cities in the Union surpass
Charleston in the expectation Of cotton except
New Orleans and Mobile; none equal her in .he
exportAton IF rice. Her railroad connections with
the principal towns of her own State of North
Carolina and Georgia, with Chattanooga and
Nashville, and thereby with the navigable waters
of the Tennessee, Mississippi and Ohio rivers.
ought to pour wide flood of business activity,
wealth and population within her borders 1t i,
indee city Ct wealth. of elegance. refinement
and luxury, but where is that roaring river OF
trade which rushes through the cities of the
North Where the dense forests of masts of
square rugged vessels that ought to line these
wharresl The North has absorbed ALL the
long 10 W coasting schooners carry every thing
to New York, and come back with the proceeds,
sfter having been reduced by the fees both ways
cf the great Northern emporium. There is a
whirlpool on the East river, near New York,
called Heiigate whether from it's proximity to
that virtuous city or its power of suction, know
not; perhaps from both. But it is not to be COM
pared in the latter quality with the great toll gate
of Southern commerce, New York. That is the
tape worm which feeds on the strength and su s.
tenance of this once powerful and still productive
Commonwealth, and keeps her gaunt and atten :
uated.
The revenue collected at this port in 1901. WAS
So PSI, 100; in l943 only Sl5S 405 This is because
the imports " hich formerly came direct TO Charles
ton now go TO Northern ports. In 1852, the i'm.
ports were Sl767 343 of which 81 2s5 7l6 were
by American vessels, and S4el CIT by foreign ves-
sels. There was formerly much ship building in
this city, but it has declined of late years.
There are many educational, benevolent and
literary institutions in Charleston, oLe of which
the Orphans Asylum, deserves a letter by itself,
and shall defer to my next detailed notice of it
The Military Academy is fine building with an
extensive and beautiful parade grouud I,has
been i'll existence ten years, and is modelled after
our own Military Academy at Lexington. There
are about one hundred Cadets in this institution
and in the institution at Columbia which is pre-
paratory TO this a hundred asd twenty more.
had the pleasure tf witnessing Cadet diiu in
which the young gentlemen acquitted themst Ives
admirably. Msjor Capers, the polite aud intelli-
gent superintendent, showed my companions and
myself the various resources of the Arsenal
among which were heavy guns from our own
Tredegar works, and among the curiosties a
Turkish cannon, three FOUNDER, taken from the
tiigate Philadelphia, at Algiers by Decatur; any
number of old Revolutionary muskets with the
fiat bsyonet Of that period, rudely fashioned on
tie olacksmiCh's anvil, but which proved more OF,
fcient and advante geOua than many mol costly
and SNOWY weapon tf modern times. Here are
also the Medical Society Of the State of South
Caroua. founded in 1888; the Charleston College
founded in 1885, tf which N r. Midd.eto ESQ
was yesterday elected President. The Literary
Philosophical Society OF this College has a coec
tion of specimens III natural history, which it is
believed is not ,qualed in America. The Ap
prantices ssociaion have q library Of 10000 vel
umes; the City Library about 10000 volumes -
The South Carolina Institute Ut Agricultural and
Mechanical Exhibitions is the most magnificent
building of the kind / have ever seen 1t was
erected by munifcent appropriations frcm the
State and the City, and it is an honor to both
The Eall In the upper part will comfortably &C
commOdate twenty-five hundred persons, and is a
far handsomer room than the famous hall of the
Maryia institute in Baltimore. The hotels in
Charleston sre imposing and spacious struc-
lures; one Of them cost $50 600 There is a the.
atre here, though. ct all the public bulldogs, il is
the orly decidedly shabby in its exterior, that
have seem an extensive dry dock; four five
nhipyards, and some half dozen engine factories
saw the machinery in operation, driven by a
steam engine, for boring the Artesian we'll for the
supply of be city with pure water. They have
now arrived st depth OF 1000 feet, and are pro-
ducing pretty fair article" but not so good as
they expect.
Charleston has some thirty churches, Episcopa-
ilan, baptSt, fFeSoyterlan Methodist and Roma n
Catholic. st Michaers (EpiscopaD is q grand
structure, built before the Revolution, the spire
after a model by Sir Christopher Wren. TIE
Roman Catholic Cathedral, however, is the 20.
blest ecclesiastical structure l have ever seen,
being cf solid stone up to the top of the lofty, and
beautiful spire, and with its gorgeous stained win
dows, giving a solemn, religious light" to the
splendid interior is a church indeed. 1t is at pre-
sent crowded every night with immense thropgs
{ era~n together by the eloquence of the Redemp-
toiist brothers, with the gifted Father Wslworih
at their head
propose TO say something In my next of the
success of the Methodist missions among the Afri.
can popula ton here; of a sermon heard from an
eloquent Baptist divine; of other matters of inter
est, for which have not time now. The great
annual races upon the Washington course, which
draws all South Carolina 20 Charleston and are
attended by the beauty and fashion of the South,
commenced to-day. Frank Allen won the four
mile race; the second stakes were taken by
Charleston. B.
ARTIFICIAL MILK.-It is now manufactured
quite extensively in France from bones H. is
made by putting q certsin weight of bones with q
little meat with six times the weight Of water, in
Papin's digester. Being scaled Theoretically and
raising the heat to l40 deg f., In 40 minutes from
Q stop'cock . white liquid comes out. 1t IL nutri-