Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1857-12-26

able presents tointluence them to remain at
peace has proved Intellectual. 1t is believed
to be the better policy tocolonize them in
suitable localities, where they can receive the
rudiment of education and DC gradually in-
duced to adopt habits of industry So far as
the experiment has been tried it has worked
well in practice, and it will doubtless prove
to he less expensive than tho present system.
The whole number of Indians within our
territorial limits is believed to be, from the
host data in the Interior Department., about
325 900.
The tribes of Cherokee, Choctaws, Chicka,
SAWS, and Greeks, settled in the territory set
apart for them west of Arkansas, arc rapidly |
advancing in education and in all the arts of |
civilization and selfg government and we may
indulge the agreeable anticipation that at no |
very distant day they VIII be incorporated !
into tho Union us one of the sovereign States |
1t will be seen from tie report of tho Post |
master General that the Post Office Depart |
mont still continues to depend ON tho treas
ury, as it has been compelled to do forsevcral |
years past, for an important portion of the |
means OF sustaining and extending its opera
tons. Their rapid growth and expansion are
shown by dcccnnial statement of the mum
bcr OF post Offices, and the length of post
roads, commencing with the year 1927 In
that year there were 900 post Offices in
1887, IL, III in lS47, 5,l4G' and in 1857
they number $50. In this year ,725 post
offices have been established, and 70l diaGon-
tinucd, leaving net increase of l,O2l The
postm0sterS Of 3GS Offices arc appointed by
the President.
Tho length of post roads in 1927 was lO5,-
336 miles /; in 1887, lil,2I2 miles; in 1877,
53,Sl3 miles; and in the year 1857 there arc
2l2,60l miles of post road, including 22,530
miles Of railroad, on which the mails arc
transported
The expenditures of the department. for the
fiscal year ending on the Both June, 1857. as
adjusted by the Auditor, amounted to 81 l.
5OI6TO. To dcir0y these expenditures thorc
was to the credit OF tho department. on tie
stJuly, 1886, the sum of S7S9, 500; the gross
revenue of the year, including the annual al
lowanccs for the transportation of free mail
matter, produced SS 053, ,95l [ and the remain
der was supplied by the appropriation from
the treasury of $2,2500OO granted hy the
act OF Congress approved August Is, 1856,
and by the appropriation of 5000, ,SS3 made by
the act Of March Sd, 1857 leaving 1882, 1853
to be carried to the credit of the department.
in the accounts of the current year. | com
mend to your consideration the report Of the
| department in relation to tho establishment
OF the overland mail route from the Missis-
sippi river to San Francisco California. The
route was selected with my full concurrence,
rs the ono, in my judgment, best calculated
to attain the important objects contemplated
by Congress.
The late disastrous monetary rcyulsiqn
may have one good effect should it cn"oc Doth
the government aud the peoEle to return to
! the practice OF aMisc .ardJudicious economy
! both in publ -csTd private expenditures
4" Uycrtowing treasury has led to habits
of prodigulity and extravaganza in our
Legislation. 1t has induced Congress to make
large appropriations to objects for which tloy
never would have provided had it been ncccs-
sary to raise the amount of revenue required
to meet them by increased taxation or 10y
leans. we arc now compelled to pause in
our career and to scrutinize our expenditures
! with the utmost Vigilance and in perform
ing this duty, pledge my cooperation to tho
extent otmy constitutional competency
1t ought to be Observed at the same time
that true public economy does not consist in
Withholding the means necessary to accom-
plsh important national objects intrustcd to
us by the constitution, and especially such
as may be necessary for the common defence
In the present crisis of the country it s our
duty. to coninc our appropriations to objects
OF tins character, unless in cases where JUS
ticc to individuals may demand q different
course. I'm all cases care ought to be taken
that the money granted by Congress shall be
faithfully and economically applied
Under the federal constitution, "cvery bill
Wllcn snail nave passed the House OF kCDrc-
scntativcs and the Senate shall, before it be-
comes aolaw," be approved andsigncd by the
President; and, ifnot approved, she shall
return it with his objections to that house in
which it originated" In order to perform
this high and responsible duty, sufficient time
must be allowed the President to read and
examine every bill presented to h.m for an
proyal. Unloss this be afforded the constitu-
ton becomes dead letter in this particular;
and even worse, il becomes II means of dccep-
ton. Our constituents seeing the Prcsi-
dents approval and signature attached to
each act OF Congress- are induced TO believe
| that he has actually performed this duty,
when, in truth, nothing is, in many cases,
more unfoundcd
From tho practice pf Congress- such an cx-
animation OF each bll as tho constitution re-
quircs, has been rendered impossible. The
most important business Of each session is
generally crowded into it's last hours, and the
alternative presented to the Prcsidentis eith-
| or to violate the constitutional duty which he
owes to the people, and approve bills which,
for want of time, it is impossible he should
have examined or, by his refusal to 10 this,
subject the country and individuals to great
loss and Inconvenience.
Besides, a practice has grown up of late
years to lcgislate in appropriation bills at
the last hours Of the session, on new and inn
portant subjects. This practice constrains
| the President either to suffer measures to be-
come laws which he does not approve, or to
incur the risk of stopping the wheels of the
| government BY yctong an appropriation bill.
Formerly such bills were confined to specific
appropriations for carrying into effect exist
| ing laws and the wcll-cstablishcd polcv of