Columbia Democrat and Bloomsburg general advertiser. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1850-1866, 1857-12-19

will act in harmonious concert to obtain
similar commercial treaties for each o. the
powers they represent.
We cannot fail to feel deep interest in
all that concerns the welfare of the inde.
pendent republics on our own continent, az
well as of the Empire of Brazil
Our difficulties with New Grenada, which
short time since bore so Threatening al
aspect are, it is to be hoped, in fair train
Of settlement, in manner just and honor.
able 10 both parties.
/ The Isthmus of North America, includ-
ing tha, Of Panama, is the great highway
between the Atlantic and Pacific, over
which large portion of the commerce Of
the world is destined to pass The United
S 'atcs are more deeply interested than any
other nation in preserving the freedom and
security of all the communications across
this isthmus. 1t is our duty, therefore, tc
take care that they shall not be interrupted
either by invasions from our country or by
wars between the Independent states OF
Central America. Under our treaty with
New Grenada of the 18th December, ts4G,
We are bound to guaranty the neutrality CT
Panama railroad passes, "oS 1oeN as tie
rights Of sovereignty and property ,Uhick
Ne1o Grenada has and possesses over the
sail Tert,ory." This obligation is found
cd upon equivalents granted by the treaty
to the government and people Of tho Uni-
, ted States.
Under these circumstances, Irecommend
, to Congress the passage of an act au,hori-
, zing the President, in case of necessity, to
employ the land and naval forces of tho
United States to carry into effect this
: guarantee of neutrality and protection. I
: also recommend similar legislation for the
, security of any other route across the
t ishmus in which we may acquire On interesf
: by treaty.
/ With the Independent republics on this
= continent it is both our duty and our
Y interests to cultivate the most friendly
: relations. We can never feel Indifferent
t to their fate, and must always rejoice in
g their prosperity. Unfortunately, both for
c them and for US, our example and advice
e have lost much of their influence in conse-
i ouence of the lawless expeditions which
4 have been fitted out against some of them
h within the limits Of our country. Nothing
IN is better calculated to retard our steady
:" material progress, or impair our character
" as a nation, than the liberation of such
&c enterprise in violation of the law of nations.
lg 1t is oue of the first and highest duties
y of any independent State, in its relations
in with the members of the great fdrily of
G. nations, to restrain its people from acts of
lie hostile aggression against their citizens or
subjects. The most eminent writers on
,e public law do not hesitate to denounce such
he hostile acts as robbery and murder.
ID Weak and feeble States like those Cen
III may not feel themselves able to assert ana vindcae
le dtons foot within our territories 10
= make private war against powerful nation If such
th portion OF own country TO burn down cities
murder ana nlundeI our people, aud usurp govern
q, should call any pow earth to the
n account for not preventing such enormities.
Ever since the Administration Of General Wasninr
s. tom OF Congress have been in force pun s
VI ton within the limits of The United states to poceed
lg from thence against nation State with whom we
al at peace Ihe present neutrality act Of April 20h,
az 1873, is but little more han collection Of precxst.
ing laws. Under this act the President is empowered
TO employ the land and navy force and militia for the
Oc purpose of the carrying Of any such
pedton enerplze from the territories Gnd ursdic
On of the United States and the ectors icustoms
en- authorized anu required to dcair any vessel in
tE lake part in such lawless enterprises.
n When it was frs, rendered probable that attempt
- WOuld made TO get another unlawful eNneditinr
ur against Nicaragua the eary of State issued in
tv srucons TO the marsha and district attorneys which
" directed by the Secretary Of War and Navy tC
e the appropriate army and navy officers requiring then
to be vigiant and 10 use lhclr best esertons in carry
ing into effect the provisions of the act of 1873 Not
II withsnndng these precautions, the expedition has
escaped from our shores Such enterprises do
lie possible good to the country but have already inflicted
lv much injury both on its interests ana its character
y They have prevented peaceful emigration from th
lie United States TO the States OF Cent tRl America whci
could fail to prove highly beneficial 10 all the rnr
a. ties concerned. In pccuniarl point of view alone
he our citizens have sustained heavy losses from III,
seizure aud cl1sng OF the transit route by the sar
ID Juan between the two oceans.
es The leader OF the recent expedition arrested at
New OrleHns, but was discharged on gi-ag bail hi
a. anpoararce in the insufficient sum of two thcusant
~ dollars
IL / commend the whole subject TO the serious atten,o,
ct of Congress believing that our duty and interest
ut well as our national charaeier require that we shou
ur our citizens from committing such outrages
regret inform you III at the PrcsideR aragua
ue has refused 10 ratiiy the treaty between the UnIte
lis States and that State as amended by The Senate, N
signature OF which was mentioned in the ssa ge
IL my predecessor TO Congress at the opening of II
ot session December, 1888. The reasons assigned
"' thus refusal will appear in the correspondence herewl
se submitted.
he It being desirable scean The tns oi the rive
;s La Plata ard It's tributaries for navigation W steam
thither for that purpose in 1853 This enterprise
y successfully carried until February 1855, wnen
ty whilst the peaceful pr acGon of hei voyage al III
= Parana rver, the steamer was fired upon By Para
ne guayan The hre was returned but the Wate
W. Wich of smal force, and no; designed for
siye operations, she retired from the conflict, IN
TO pre e.t upon which the attack radc deere,
nf tie Presneut Ot Pa OF october 1854 prohibi
ting foreign vessels OF war from navigating the river
M of tlat state. As Paraguay, however, was the owne
Of one bank Of the river of that me- the othe
led belonging to GorHCnles, Stale of the Argentn
ontedeTatiou, the right Of its goYernment to
ny that such decree would be obeyed be acknow
10 edged But the Water Witch not, properly speak
Ing, a vessel Ol'waT She wasa small steame engage
Dr. in scientific enterprise intended for the advantage
,os commercial States generally. Under The ciTCumsiR
20 ces am constrained consider the attack upon he
an as id st lc and calling for satisfaction iron
for the pnraguayau government.
CZens Of the United States, also, " 40 were est1b
IN she in bu sness Paraguay have a their property
seized taken from them and have otherwise bee
treated by authorities an insulting and arbtTa
led manner, which requires redress.
Il demand for these purposes VIII be made in a fIn
Iu but concflnory spirit. This will the mole prohab
he era ted the Executive shall have authority
other means in the event OF 4 refusal. This 5 accord
ECU ingiy recommended.
,co Ills unnecr ssary TO in detail the alarming
dion OF the Territory OF Kansas at the time OF my r
vii angnrotion The opp6sing parties then sold in ist