Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1857-12-16

chasiIse The more lawless and hostile.
The present system of making them
valuable presents, to influence them to
remain at peace has proved in~effetual.--
1t is believed to be the better policy TO
COLOMBO them in suitable localities,
where they can receive the rudimenis of
education and he gradually induced
to adopt habits Of industry. So far as
experiment has been tried it has worked
we'll in practice, and it will doubtless
prove to be less expensive than the pres
ent system.
The whole number Of Indians within
our territorial limits is believed to be,
from the best data in the Interior depart
ment, abort 325, 200.
The tribes of Cherokees. Cbocia rs Cbica.
saws and Greeks, settled in the territory set
apart for them west of Arkansas, are rapidly
advancing IN education andin all the arts Of
civilization ana self government; and we II ay
indulge the agreeable anticipation that at M
very distant day they WILDE Incorporated i'm.
to the Union as one of the sovereign States.
1t Will be seen from the reports Of the Post
master General that the Post Office Depart.
ment still continues 20 depend on The Treasu
~ NO. pNCh SOtipclAcu 10 10 lot several
years past, Tor an important portion of the
means OF sustaining and extending its opera
tons. Their rapid growth and expansion
are shown By a decennial statement of the
number OF post offices, and the length of post
roads, commencing with the year 1927. In
that ear there were 1000 cost offices. in lS3O
ll,l77;in 1871, l6, 49,; and in 1857 they num-
Der 26,oe6. In this year 2I25 post offices have
been est hi he'd, and FOB discontinued, leay-
1 .-.-, N,N 4 1n3n
of 36S offices are appointed by the President.
The length of post roads in 1927 was IO5. 1896
miles; in 1887. I4I ,242 miles; in 1911, I53.SIS
miles; in 1857 there are 242. Dol miles of post
road, including 22,530 miles of railroad, on
which the mails are transported.
The expenditures of the department for the
fiscal year ending on the Both June, 1851, As
adjusted by the Auditor, amounted TO SIT
5O1.610. TO delray these expenditures there
was to the credit OF the department on the lst
of July, 1886, the SUN OF $3.50 500; the gross
revenue of the year, including the annual al.
lOwances for the transportation of free mail
matter, produced S,053,95 and the remainder
was supplied by the appropriation from the
treasury OF 81 25O,O00 granted By the act of
Congress, approved August l6, 1856, and nv
the appropriation Of S665, SS3 make by the acs
of March ), 1851, leaving $3.50, 763 10 be car
ried to the credit of the department in the ac.
counts OF the currert year. | commend IN
your consideration the report of the depart
ment In relation TO the establishment of the
overland mail route from the Mississippi river
to San Francisco, California The route was
selected with my full concurrence, as the one.
in my judgment, hes; calculated to obtain the
important objects contemplated by Congress.
The late monetary revulsiOn may have one
good effect should 1t cause both the govern
ment and the people to return 10 the practice of
a wise and judicious economy, both in public
and private expenditures.
An overlooking treasury has led TO habits
of prodigality and extravaganza m our legis-
lation. 1t has induced congress to make large
appropriations to objects for which they neye-
would have provided had it been necessary TO
raise the amount of revenue required 10 meet
them by increased taxa ion Or by loans. We
are now compelled TO pause in our career. and
to scrutinize our expenditures with the utmost
vigilance and in performing this duty, l
pledge my cooperation to the extent of nv
constitutional competency. 1t ought to be
observed at the same time that the true pub
lie economy does not consist in witholdin. the
means necessary TO accomplish important ma
tional objects inlrusted to us by the constitu,
ton, and especially such as may be necessary
for the common defence. In the present crisis
of the country it is our duty TO cOnfne our ap-
pIbpI idlluns 10 oDltClS OF THIS CHARACTER, un-I
less in cases where Justice to individuals NAV
demand a different course. In all cases care
ought to be taken that the money granted by
Congress shall be faithfully and economically
applied.
Under the Federal Constitution, "every bill
which shall have passed the House Of Repre-
sentaiives and the Senate shall, before it b,
comes a law" be approved and signed by the
President; and, if not approved. The shall re-
turn 1t with his objections to that honse ia
which it originated In ordee to perform
this high and re, ponsible duty, sufficient time
must be allowed the President to read and ex-
anime every bill presented to him for approy
al. Unless this be afforded the Constitution
becomes a dead letter IN this particular and
worse, it becomes a means of deception.
Our constituents seeing the President ap.
proyal and signature attached to each act of
Congress, are induced to believe that he has
performed this duty, when, in truth,
nothing is in many Gases more uufounded.
From the practice of Congress such an ex-
animation OF each bill as the constitution re-
has been rendered impossible. The
most important business of each session is
generally crowded into its last hours, and the
alternative presented to the President is eth
er TO violate the constitutional duty which he
owes to the people. and approve bills which.
for want of lime, 1t is impossible he should
have examined, or by his refusal to do this,
the country and individuals to great
and inconvenience.
Besides, n practice has grown up of late
years 10 lcgislate in appropriation bills a. the
hours ofthe session, on new and important
This practice constrains the Presi-
dent either TO suffer measures to become laws
which he does not approve, or to incur the
risk of stopping the wheels Of government by
an appropriation bill. Formerly
such bills were confined to specific appropria-
lions for carrying into effect existing laws and
he we'll established policy of the country. and
title time was then required by the President
.Or their examination.
For NV own part Thave deliberately determined that
shall approve Of no bill which | have not examined. and
I will be I ease Of extreme and most urgent necessity
which shall ever induce me 10 depart from this rule. / {
herefore respectfully, Lut earnestly. ecommenl TINT the =
40 houses will allow the President at least two days :
'reyious tOthc adjournment of each session within which
10 bill shall be presented 10 him for approval. Under the ,
'xisting joint rule ons day is allowed; but this rule has
hitherto been so constantly suspended in practice, That
bills continue to be presentedto him up I'LL the I
last moments Oitle session. In I large majority OF l
no great public Inconvenience can arise frem the
OF time 10 examine their provisions, because the
has declared that If a bill be presented to the
resident within the last ten days Of the session, he Is
Tot required to return IL, either with an approval or with S
veto, sin which case it shall not be 4 law" 1t may
hen lie over, and be taken mp and passed. at the next
ession Great Inconvenience would only be ezPenen-
Hu IN 10 appropriation uiAas u ipIluhdleIJ IL
Ter the late excellent law allowing 4 salary, instead OF S
per diem, TO members ofC3nsErss, the expense and y
inconvenience OF a called session will be greatly reduced. /.
le1nno conclude without commencing TO your fayOra- Il
le consideration the interests OF the people of this Dis I
Without 4 representative on the n,oI Of Consrer', l
have for this very reason peculiar claims upon our {
INST regard. To this | know, from my long acquaintance
'i'h them, they are eminently entitled. {
JAMEs BUCHANAN. r
WAsHISoros. Dec. 6, 1857. .
From the West. L
ST. LOUIS. Dec 9th. ?
An express passed through this city O