The Kanzas news., 1857-06-20
Produce of Land IN Different Parts OF
the World.

Produce of Land IN Different Parts or
the World.
The aInonnt greatly saries in different
kingdoms states and localities, according
to the difference of cultivation. soil, manur-
ingschmate and exposure.
In England, Scotland, Flanders, and
parts of Germany, the productiyeness of
the land has been greatly improved, in mod
ern times, by new and skillful systems of
| farming, and a great increase of atten-
ton, in charging the quantity of the ma
nure of the farm-as well as buying all the
mineral smanures they can obtain and of
applying them, in the most advantageous
manner.
| Farmers who made the first settlements
and clearings in this country, found the land
generally very productive, and consequent
ly felt no necessity for making and apply
ing manure, nor for seeding their unculti-
waited fields with grass, in order to increase
their fertility.
! In process of time, the vegetable mat
ter, and the mineral substances most need
ed by the growing plants. became so ex-
| hausted that much of the land ceased to
yield remunerative crops, and the decayed,
impoverished patrimony had to be resusci-
tated and improved, or otherwise abandon
ed by the proprietors. Wheat fourished
for many years, on these new lands, but at
length gradually declined, and In many
parts rye was introduced in its stead, which
succeeded for time, but on the neglected
soils, thai also was found to languish-and
In some sections, cats and buckwheat fol-
lowed till the land was finally abandoned,
and thrown out for old fields.
T. IL e r
different parts of this country, the prepara
ton of the soil, and the time of seeding
with wheat, were not sufficiently attended
to, in order to insure large return. With
these precautions, the crops of wheat on
these virgin soils might have averaged 90
or % bush. per acre, but instead of that
product, they have not probably yielded an
average crop of more than 19 or Is bush
els per acre, including alrthe localities, in
this country, where wheat has been grown
on new land for a series of years.
In many regions famous for the growth
of wheat, the average product is very much
overrated. On a visit to Western New
York, we expressed our surprise to a farmer
who had resided there for twenty-five years,
at the poor appearance of much of the wheat
in that section, where I had understood that
40 bushels an acre, was only an ordinary
crop. He declared that he did not believe
the average had exceeded Is bushels, since
his residence in that part of the State, though
some 90 years ago, it was called by the
wheat dealers, the ''great granary of North
America" Ohio has, of late years, produced
more wheat than any other State in the I'm
ion-but she has had a greater breadth of
land under culture of that grain-with a
yield of of IA to 90 millions Of bushels; she
has had millions of acres sown, which
gives an average of only to 10 bushels per
acre.
The average product, per acre, of the
whole State of New York, as shown by the
census of 1847, is of wheat, IA bushels-of
cats, 96 bushels-of barley, II bushels-of
rye, 81 bushels-of Indian corn, 95 bushels.
Professor Emmons, in his Natural Histo-
ry of the State. gives series of averages a
| little less than these.
The premium crops of New York, for
2846, range thus-wheat Sc bushels per
acre, (this is the highest, Indian corn 149
bushels, and oats LOG bushels
New Brunswick, british Territory,
1846, wheat 10 bushels per acre; oats 50
bushels; barley 80 bushels; rye 90 bushels;
corn Al bushels.
EnSIahd, according 10 D. L. w. johnston,
in 1849, wheat 21 bushels per acre; oats 35
bushels; barley 80 bushels. Highest, wheat
88 bushels, barley 80, oats 100, potatoes
800, and turnips 1900.
Scotland, on the same authority-wheat
80 bushels per acre, oats 46, barley 10
The following is near an Average of the
crops of Flanders, as obtained by Thomas
Radeliff, about 1835-wheat % bushels per
acre, rye 80, oats AZ, potatoes over 800. .
In the Patent Office Report for 1845, a
gentleman of Brandford, New Haven Coun-
ty, Connecticut, says,-e'Our farmers raise
out little more corn than they need for their
own use, believing it not to be profitable
With good management, corn
yields, in this vicinity, fiom 100 to 1875
bushels to the acre, worth 81 a bushel Il"
According to the replies made by very
many correspondents. to tie commissioner
of patents, 40 bushels per acre, is a very
common average for the corn crop, even In
the newly cultivated regions of the great
west.