The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-08-08
Surveys ON the Telegr.phic PlateSu.
oUR ST JOHNS CORRESPONDENTS.

Nov hal the Atlantic telegraph hae drawn attention 70
everything connected With itset some jotngs down - to
the Geographic plateau may be Of interest viii be 70
ntreeyed that wAs the subject Of careful survey BY
party cent out BY government under Lieutenant
Bergman, and more recently by English pary, under
Captain Day man, in The Cyc,ops Tue ne NJ amer
Arctic employed oy Capt BerrymsD, most admirably
adapsd for such york Bull for the Polar che IL OF
nlp ensc strength, with neither beauty comfort, but
easy banded and just barge enough for the limited mum
beis needed In these surveys Il viii be renicrnoered
that abe the veese that brought back Dr. Kane and
bis party from their three years journ within the po'S
circle CHANGING 70 Do idle when this expedition vas naed
out she selected, steam reel added, worked by
donkey engine deck and the Of July she sailed
on her Interesting mission,
No hoeo unscquain'ed with such mater, II would be
sur Icing TO how much ingenuity Ane taIen has been
brought TO bear on these surveys Where seemed
mpocs blc to know anphing have ataDed mashsriat
cal accuracy-meohsncal sppls solved host Of
problems which twenty years sgo sealed volume,
and on the Accuracy Of these solutions will depend IN
,majl degree the failure Of the telegrsohc
scheme the teies raph,c plateau Is myth, aud the
BED Of the North Atlantic double treble Ia supposed
oep,b the means ct command for laying the ca
bic win Tall TO certainty u, again. cs'n conditions OF
lhe bottom Indicated by microscopic examination ~
fa,e, We have no assurance OF ts safety when aid.
The ccndiuons assumed from the result or the Ike sry
vey thai the bed VI the forms plain
varying htle IN depb-sn immense eu ,ma Inc prairie
land, too far removed from he surface to be ounned by
lcebures any disturbing from The surface and
yet far to Tho rc.t,g oil Of telre-a
phc wbe Tho second important conttion Is derived
e ON Prof Bailey microscopic examination Of the part
ces brought up from The psteau HIS most poSersal
glass could not detect single acle nf rand svel
among hese little mites OF sns Ills Again. TOO, their deli
cafe angles fsgi - 70 crun, q tue touch, we're
brot ght 70 the eHrfsca srOken and perfect Ia all their
DELL. org ansm The Inference that In those ooean
depths any where, the waters OF the at ros
here was not motion enough to aorsde even these very
delicate shells current enough TO 1 .hom with the
koie rand of tho ocean bed.
vppoeius th Of reasoning to be correct, have
the that ever a.d tie cable will safe from
al disturbing caures that can oeraDse II IN s bed chae
its projecting wives.
Tho cop, tepcy Of The cable Das been In great
measure o,tated by he phercmera noticed with NO
dir line Of the Arctic observed tha tho sim
pie nemsp sounding line, weighing 90 pounds to the2oo
fatr oms, would be carried by i weigh 10 the bot
ton A TIT proved by repeated expor MS 70 be be
yobd question The bearing Of ihv the size or the bo
evident formerly h had been believed airy IN
corstruc. ,hese submarine cables OF v heavy, massive
structure, on weighing ELK, eight and tea tons 10 the
OF this fact 70 constructs cable a. pa1c and not very
many times heavier, than this very sounding line Asie
nc every aber consderaop the ssvior In expense from
this vsry noipt In mmense Srrpoeins the heavy cable
heretofore considered Indispensable resolved
the postpone Dsn Of toe completion of the soe {, another
year would have been csr,an aside from the eunrmous
outlay pvolvh far heavier inner, AMI im aensely
ereaer consumpion OF wire. hen finished tx1, but
half dozen sbps would have boon needed in the laying OF
the cable
Wheeler the data from which the nfereces are drawn
Ii reliable ton Of curs interest The principal
sument In Obtaining them has been the deep lead
and sounding line; but this simple has proved
susceptible OF IN sstoni'hipR hcaion The most
pummet but tho shock Of the lead suktos bottom can
not be communicated through toe ue ss AM great depth
ard the ocean carrying OF your Inns In immense
oofs, deseas any ans more Aa ~ approximation 70 the
res oepth
within the last four years mechanical appliances have
solved very Of the stories OF hese oceso depths
INSh3 Uoi dor
Of the water, m@hod recently brousht to a
high degree Of perfe ton by Mr. Baishede or he Coast
mont Gle, 70 Toll the el.cs depth The method in use
board Of the Arctic loug approved Of In tue
Frehsh service, and vhca careful nj N Our own has
heavily approved Tne depth Ia by the rotations OF
q spiral propeller shaped wheel attached . toe leaf,
which reco, ded By clock work . sualp6ia Now,
being ascertAined mai tho revolutions O this wheel are
regular passage through the water could be
recorded with accuracy scientific perceived thai
had here an instrument BY means Of which we could do
termne with something ke 'hese depths
thai have rosted inc simpler apps us heretofore in
rAk Of being tedious 10 al save scientific readers,
will give deaie account OF the meth vi Of soanting
The Arctic naed with reel worked by two osril
atins cy lpders the whole weighing $40 pouDds. The
reel carried Ab0u, ten shouand thoms Of "a Oh deop
Inc, such % Ia used In the ships Of the United
saics and be driver ave hufdrod revelations per
minute he over en- Of the line, or thai pat next TO
the wtEsi the first 10 out and ccnscqu, pt} may
break on saer few very deep CASTS involving the loss
Of expensive apparatus Two leading bio X. ere used
pcs hEs lutte h. way down the pavement; he 90
On iron davt the foreraslc Ths limo lead
through theo bockf, and hundred pound Head attached
When all ready The engine rc ID oil tho line faster
Tie ascending lead vii carry through tbs alter. The
vessel meantime 10 kcs bead TO Wind, keeping her, By
Of the pro eller, dir city The esceociog oc
n being quite oui Of ,he qacson to determine when the
lea caches bottom enough limo mus, be out 10 render
.,r, o,n. s aes,n ''eT =. 49,.
mont compared several tines under mort favorable
circum .ianoos, ,u-h perfectly smouta nearly
calm, With the make line, and iourd 10 be ~ near In
10 incicai thai eve,y confidence had in H. rnis
Egeti with general idea OF what ght he cxpccec 10
the depss, gsve groa, facility ia tying when
reol 10 Tue Inc In doing which great care must be or
served, for wher much Inc on tone w two thousand
maaems) ia Weight and friction dragging through tho
water causes mmon.o strn II whom beginning
TO reel up, and Il especially tho cse whom much sea
II on.
The weight In was 100 or $50 pounds abou, two
and ha feet long. and elongated in form, the a,sosI
diameter berg ahont four inches from the lower end
hence tsperipg owards the with bole thr ,ugh
It's entire length allow the sbsfi pass This hole
the end OF the sha Is Oiled wo qunb, after the pau OF
Lien, Brooks for tho purpose Of bringing up specimens
OF the bottom. : mo arrangements Of Captain sands
The purpose Above his Ia securely fsien.
ed tassys IN flcator The lead 8 detached alter the
method arranged by Icu B-ooss The specimens Of tho
bottom, brought IN these quils, carefully pre-
served for micru'ospc exsniDsion.
This mir description OF he modu. oueraDdi Of deep
sounding has been givsr In fuN hy this method
alone have learned the practcaba,y Of tne tele-
grsphc scheme
II 70 ibc asi half dozen year. little had been done BY
our own government In tho oause Of deep xoorsoD
and ibl, little confined TO Southern attitudes TIC
nrsi 10 HI hao what kr the tclcsraphic
from the o,uise OF tee Dolphin, Captain Berry
man IN 80 That portion Of hs observations wing be
tween ireland Newfoundland repore too dcph 10 bt
aire tso thousand faihOms led by this data and b.
the cerlanty that the bed 81 the Antc 10 more -ortherr
lst.,uoes did not kicrially exceed this hmt the
nrst patrons OF tho tc cara bic scheme asserted the
ros,bHy Of J ing coGlnuoas wire from continent "
| continent
Tie steamer Arctic s nov e-gagcd Ir frracr deep
celebrations ccnbecCd whh tic tnCsTapb. Sic arrived
iu g. jotus, NoEour land tie 20th srd sl spcnc
the ooininf several weeks In testing the p-asi5Ao ~
laying another sub aiarir bo from tho
point Of Newfoundland 70 Tape Can-o, Nova AJ'ia
thus avoiding ~ subnsynn Enc of six indred miles
tho Inconvenience OF Tie prCscni limo, Ok ring fJ al
hundred mikes The uuHbsbicd coast Of aid country
Htcro,iirg oo.ef vsons will also nc made o tdes u
these noihcrn aitudss. 10 ccon'wh a. 80 hereto
fore nsio W Professor Bsehs Of tie Coas, 3eTvey.
| CousT OF COMMON TLRas. TTsTsrxsTr-R, Juty
d-Grs,nm az O,hers (A,s4gnces o. Bsmmond rAsrk
rrps) Y. III binson and anot1e The benz rup Ham
mond, ptevcIs 20 lis btnkruriCy, rss q ulerchani Ia
london. ant aFori W Osborn, syro y o., or Nc
\ u rk. The defendants wore uc~cbartp At Liverpool