New-York daily tribune., 1857-10-21

tsctra palaces OF beauty where trade holds morning
ard eripg uartsher MATINEE and ton tc-shps tn It
float from empire to empire. dreiseC the colors OF
the qieen, named Cor the glatcing sunbesm.
cnnrectiug them by ties IT interest and pleasure, aud
ds'ributry every product OF the industrial world
suoh The bright visions With when commerce en-
ohsnts Were the records OF nations LOST we could
read their history ia their nne-ciai monuments,
tr splendid cities ard floating o.lsces ana discover
in their merchant princes every tA OF inst
elevstes degraoes the human fan MY. How London
yaufd its CJysia Palace of is5l-ar with whstsprt
Psris reisls,sd with her Exposition Universele O.,
1855 turpsssi-g il possible, the nvah y and friend
| ship Of French Emperor snd Eogil n King 10
81 ci.pt times upon the fad OF the cloth OF
| gold. With what Interest does the w,'r'd regard
| the empire city OF N.w-lsrk, with iw palsce
Of ciy.tsl that with lees than thousand sopie 10
1867, vii double its three quaTe'rs OF n o'on OF
people In twer,y vears and draw fs quota OF l-tase
from the PC ck. .hewn cities % IndIs snd the Ceess
ard Floy-ery kirgdor. Boston, lse the Saxon ara
Norms k:sgs looSs - tie enlargement OF her empire.
San francisco every oher year spI1uts rom s SEC
with renewed life and beauty, ard St Petereonrg,s
year or two suce thought the t~st remedy she con'
suggest for ne sick man she hal 10 view was 10 ROB
bun OF BE chef city ConatHrnorte ana was no douot
esfotsbeG that her patert refuses this oresci P1on
Their fDarcise chiefs are not unworthy comp D1son
With waniors, Statesmen ard phiosophs Roths-
childs and Barugs Of be oi world aud 0ncvd Astor,
Peabody Lawrnce and C,oper % greater fsme IN
The new, prcer whose ecsion industry tf-ive1 cod
leges schools Of science and ert and public librsres
are established. Nevertheless it is STAR subject Of
uQ5lry row tar me happiness 9f people ~ 20 be
cured by alone Tho pursuit n wealth does
Tot of itself iSers,ze seg,iive grslty ~ the
surest evidence Of eapscity for accumulation. The
ste ady gains that too often depe1d upon closing the
of the heart 10 the calls tf charity, and even
of liberty, the lowest Characteristics ostrade.
more adventurous spirit st,,kes ost new channels OF
con muncsion and inds together States thct stpa-
by frbs and left "a enmity or ig0or-
srce. Such generous enterprises compensate for fhe
narrower and hSrcer spirit of trade, and b. courc-
geous intelligence e1heves benefits that never spring
rch The closely boarded accumulation OF ncoDsdera-
b gains. Chance however in the ead, is the great
a. bitter uf its Gestuies. The sweepsover
a city and ts accumulated treasures are destroyed
Ex,tavagarce corruption, crime sep the integrity OF
its agents, ard defalcaous, forgeriee bankruptcies
eDsue. causeless panic spreads universal terror
and the bOldest are psralyzeG with fear and Lore aR
col fdesce in men. Con.sgiops blight its nervecss
agents, the earth puffs with wind. and like the er
goses Of the merchant OF Venice their frlil venurcc
are lost.
From Lisbon, BaTbIIy and ieda
Not venture 'scspes the drt adhd touch
Ufmerctsnt marring stolms sud rocks
1t Is manly spirit that rises superior to ills like
the destroyed fortunes and reestsblshes
the confidence of he world in the integrity Of men, by
dischargin ing obligations that the law regarded cam
celled by misfortune: The prosperity of commerce Is
in IFS individual fortunes. Though ts mission Is
tie distribution of the worlds wealth, its princes
do rot fellow Il same liberal law. They bring to
gther too olen ard in close proximity the palace and
the hovel, and show in the most favored localities,
Betwixt splendid and hsppy land.
II Is Dot easy to give an exact lire of demarcaton
between the INDUSTRY of mechanics and manufacturers
Unlike commerce, both change the character Of the
material passing through the hands Of its agents
instead OF makirg an exchange merely-givug them a
new form and greatly increased value. The measure
OF increase is the cost of labor and profits of capital
invested. AZ nhtiopn interest, mar uaotudng Indus
tIy must he cassed with mechanic arts, a. operates
by combination of material machinery, labor cap,
tai and ski to produce national wealth in new and
improved fOIms The mechanic arts have broader
range and nucnce than either mar ulctuing or co n
mercial industry The term mechanics Is employed to
denote that branch of philosophy which treats OF the
equilibrium ano motion of solid bodies and its sign'fi-
eaiicn is 30 far extended as TO embrace tue apSat
laws of motion and tho equilibrium OF all bodies,
solid, fluid, or serform. ylom range OF investRa-
tion 70 extended, and philosophy so absruse. the
great of tiquiy and Of modern times have de-
Luced the simple powers which every mechanic COM
prebeLds aId employs In his least important labors
ya the lever, pulley the wheel and axle, the inclined
plane, the screw and the wedge. Science philosophy
art, iatesm6bship and wal have no prouder naues
than those connected with the discovery and
development Of these simple mechanical pow
ers. The uIder Of mechanical science Is no les
ihsp A, chDedes lie iscoveredt the inclined plape
the pulley the crew and the lever which the ancient
ut ChsLcians reduced bl mechanical powers. Inc
lsbOrs Of Calico, mechanic, are considered
10 be higher proofs os his sBsceRdenta genius ID an
biz discoveries 10 astronomy. lie suggested the pen
duuu and its Application 10 the measurement OF Te
The Marquis of Worcester imported to the world its
first Knowledge Of the power Of steam. SIR ChnstG?-
phsr Wren wss lees distinguished for his neot All
cal inventions than for st. Paus Cathedral-the im-
perishsble ent Of bis genius as an architect
Newton gave Importance to astronomy II had ueyer
attained by he application Of anical laws to the
phenomena Of the heavenly bodies. Co1lomb dis |
covered the nature and law Of friction. The cluster
ing stars have no brighter uster than the uedyiog
these founders Of mechanical science to the lnven-
tions OF medern times, az Watt, Fulton, Whitney,
Morse, Hoe, Adams, and many Others.
Ii may seem adventurous 10 connect unletlered me-
ca spics with the saher, Of the science with sue
cessfu inventors Of modern times. But they are not
separated by ideas or purposes. Their aspirations
ere in unison. Il might have been easier for the PHI
loScpher 10 explain the of his success or fsiiue
but the demonstration Of the mechanic and the phi
losopher is the Invention is no dainty GOODIES ss
She dspenses her bright thoughts wherever she hnds
the patient observer. She is the same to the achy
mist who wastes life in fruess endeavors to fuse
rev metal and to the boy who gives new powers 70
the steam engine by coupling its detached parts with
string, that be may escape for moment % MS pay
Meol lanical invention lie necessarily antecedtnt 70
every form Of successful industry. IL precedes agr
culture in ts most primitive development ana moo,
field husbandry Is practicable 4Iiy through 'ne ao
days, which could not be sown by hand labor IN
twenty days and crops harvested in week by the
same aid that could not be gathered in month, II a.
all by manual labor make difference IN the products
of farm equivalent to the fruits of whole season.
II must also prece all succe ssful commerce. as
by machinery alore that surplus Is obtained when
affords to commerce opportunity Tor employment.
The Influence Of mechanical invention upon socls NE
is nsppre cably great, and as An agent of clVllza
ton al other pursuits fade before IT, mo can uieas'
ure the importance OF recent agricultural iapfose
uen;s-of railroads. Of the ts,egapn' Ie ca %
Querreotype and photograph, Of the co')n gan
that creates the cotton crop. The sewing -machlae
will woik as great change IN the iainny as rah-
ways have in communities and S'abs. we nave
seen ct this exhibition perfect wstcn, unsuf .ta,
passed in beauty OF workmanship and for seryce that
= n.1a nv machinery and under roof, where the