Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1857-03-28

colleague (r MILLsox) estimates e much more in til
form Of EXCHANGED prices to the domestic
Add sir the revenues OF this extravagant Federal Gov
eminent to the direct taxes Of the Saes and you already
have sum for the annual of the whole machinery
of our Republican SYSTEM which nearly equals the
penses of the monarchy Of England in times Of peace
after deducting the charges of its debt And when tx
this add the indirect tribute to the manufacturing in
terests doubt whether class Legislation and tyranny
have not taxed American labor with heavier hand thar
the modern arstocracy of England presses upon British
industry for the support of its court brilliant with The
hereditary spendors thousand years of its army,
which no quarter of the globe foreign and of its navy
that bears the ensgns of its dominion between provinces
yaster than ever the Caesars ruled.
And now sir, when the general prosperity and the
suits of the wise legislation of 1916 permit to reduce
these taxes your Committee of Ways and Means seeks
only the way to fasen them securely upon the peo
ple need not carry the inquiry far to discover the
reason From third to half of your entire is
raised by taxes wooens, cottons, iron and sugar
articles of universal consumption and used far more
largely in proportion by the poor than the rich Upon
all these articles the chairman of the Ways and Means
Committee maintains the tax in its full integrity But
do him injustice he makes exception redue
ton he is willing to make He agrees that the
may buy sugar for his tea coffee little cheaper than
heretofore Yes sir he has surveyed the wide country
over something to reduce the taxes he will not
touch the manufactures of New England the iron
Pennsylvania but down to the far Southwest, the
coast of louisiana he fixes his desires upon pet
lamb of the South to sacrifice for the benefit Of the
Northeast.
Mr.. CAMPBELL, of Ohio. How about wool, great
staple product Of my State?
Mr.. GARNETT. True he puts the wool of his own State
down the rate with sugar. But it is only another
boon to his IDOL that allgrasping and Unsuitable
manufacturing interest 1t has fed upon agricultural
aborers for than generation, and still is gree
d like the daughters of the horse leeeh It's cry is still
give, give"
Mr. CAMPBELL, of Ohio That relieves me from the
charge of sectonalism in my action on this subjsSA
Mr.. GAENETT. Sir, when that gentleman and those
who think with him legisating for the benefit of
classes and manufacturing capitalists let them reem-
Der that largest of all classes the laborng poor When
the poor constituent Of such representatives rises
in the morning and looks through the window that
admits the light of heaven into his cabin, let him reco
ec that light is still taxed as heavily as by his
representative when he had 900 of taxes to
nit When he puts his coarse cotton shirt and draws
about him the woolen coat that is to shield him from the
blasts of northwestern winter, let him bear in mind
that his represent alive had 2 taxes to release
but dime would he abae from the tribute upon
these necessares of e When he goes forth to his daily
work. whether he turns the sod of the prairie with his
plough or the forge the anvil rings with his sturdy
blows let him again remember that the tools of his in
dustry the plough which he guides and the hammer
which he Yields, still pay the heavy taxes while
his representative had these S4 000 600 to repeal And
this is the tariff which the gentleman seriously proposes
for acceptance Sir, if such be the creed Of the
party of which the gentleman is distinguished leader
take it that they cannot long maintain their hold upon
the agricultural Northwest.
Mr. CAMPBELL of Ohio. For the benefit of the Re-
publican party, let say that not recognised,
believe, one of its leaders.
Mr.. GARRETT. Well, sir, always thought saw .
bright spot about that gentleman and glad to hear
that my sagacity is justified Since that party does not
recognise him, he stands by himself; and let
him get quick he out the uncomfortable po
stion in which he has placed himself both in regard
his party relations and hi. tariff scheme. Laughter
The doors of the Democratic fold still open to him.
he first wash himself times in the waters
of Jordan Much laughter.
Mr.. CAMPBELL, of Ohio. If the gentleman will go
back to the principles of Washington and Jefferson and
Madison the great leaders of the Democracy in its purer
days. will stand with him.
Mr. GARRETT. On very willing go back to those
principles. Washngton's tariff from seven to ten
per Let the gentleman propose that, and promise
him he shall have many votes this side of the House
Mr. CAMPBELL of Ohio. In 1870, when the first tariff
was made approved by Washington and voted for in
Congress by all the leading statesmen from Virginia it
declared that its object protection.
Mr.. GARsKTT. / am very willing that the gentleman
should ask questions; but hope he will not consume
remarked in the commencement of my speech, tina.
unjust and monstrous the expenditures of this
Government yet there in the mode of collecting its
revenues something still worse; and / now ask what
classes and what sections are to be benefited by these
taxes Surely it strange spectacle this earnest
sstance abatement of taxation, and it would
be witnessed but that the general burden is the special
bounty. l assume, what is almost automatic that pro-
cle by duty to point at which the domestic producer
is willing to SELL He cannot produce sell cheaply
the foreigner he asks Government to interfere and
levy its taxes force the to pay his price
If he was willing sell at the foreign price he would
need no protection he wants only because he demands
a higher price.
Now, sir agricultural labor is unprotected and SO is
much of the mechanical industry of the country.
Where them does the benefit of this protection chiefly
90? For whom is the great mass of American industry
taxed
L stated before that onethird of your entire
nue. is levied upon woollens cotons and iron in its
rious FORMS and invite your attention to the localities
of these manufactures shown in the of 1850
First there are the manufactures of cotton, sunting
to SCI, 1865, 1S4. Of these New England alone made
$40 900 600, q speak in round numbers and New York.
New Jersey and Pennsy So 600 more leaving
less than 900 in all the rest of the Union OF
course the bounty of protection in this unsqay
distributed the manufactures.
The inequality is still greater in woollens. Out of q
total manufacture valued at $43 207 545 $26
600 were in New England and $13 500 900 manu-
featured north and east of the Ohio river and III the
States have before named-another great bounty - the
interests of that oyerfavored section The slave States
manufactured only about 81, SOC, O00
What are the facts to wrought iron? The product
was $50 628 000 New England, New York, Pennsylva-
na and New Jersey produce 900 of that amount
The same States produced $l7,000000 worth of cast
iron out of the whole product, $2500000O, and with
Ohio, IS per cent of the pig iron.
These statistics show that the favored recipients of
these bounes are all in small section of the hnon
The South gets little advantage and the Northwest
derives little or advantage from the system. Ohio
comes but for small slice and agree that tie gen.
tleman from Ohio the chairman of the Com nlttee of
WAYS and Means is strangely disinterested when he
taxes the labor of all the rest of the Union FIR the al
most exclusive emolument of New England ard Penn
sylyania.
In looking ut these statistics thing strikes For
all these manufactures of woolens cottons there
were only four thousand nine hundred and f three