The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1857-01-20

vhtA sesR tuyn give rss 70 rank, sckly vexetason
mo sossbers por hon Of NE tho most bros "a aud
"na .., roe rocs, I mere " ~, % s
PAY more ostsi~s q. scrip ION o. me sopoerapay VII
% found the ssAexed reports 0 progress Of the scn
uemen IN charge Of he several divisions
Tbs glance 81 he topos rapny Of the park demonstrates
ne aoa 'oas thorough drainage Of The entire area t
preoeee soy stemp ~ Improvement IL embrace, me
removal or water now standing In sta&usns deposits
tho 'acfhsuns The 1o~ of water from permsoent
spmes me oireons o, al surface water into proper
ahsDnels sAd ruch COMPILATIONS az under grouod
ANS through every portion Of ,be area, the
SOIL Dsy never 10 injured ny soe presence OF an at due
emoOss o, moisture WrhOus This me ground with all
we cDoe'h hm' III AZ arc GOULD desire would rema,n
shas nov, p stleu,si spx- who're rank vegetation
ID. nnsmstio Doors tain, every breath Of afr
Ip,s SUBJECT o! dra'Osse, al imprtaot 70 the public
o.Ann seems TO have ESCAPED pa MAIDS OF the C1nms
so' ers wb9 A pp. the cty o. they pssse over
"0 iUpsS that complete sysa oi sc voyage soa'd
answer al sspi'A'y purposes But sewerage n NOT re-
eestAriy oiapare and mater no perfecs the sys
NJ, nor how seh u ID carried out, Il may, aud In this
cry does fall TO carry on large amount OF wafer which
by be pg suffered rema n has been si ways viii be
aHuihu source of pttM bee
The yeotsr guar plan upon which the uppsr PORTIONS OF
the CITY laid 0uk has references either 10 The lopo-
srsphy or geology OF the ground, ana the sewerage
necessarily N. IT, this pian white proper drainage
dep ndenf upon ootD geology and topography eoro
ire te"ersgeh inoouseiant ~ttn drainage glance 81
what are called suDgeo lots" snsy oil over
be upper portion OF The o'ty with that tbs
aebant water has ouust fDe desgn 90 Oh the lots
up Wntn IN are required for building purposes bat
nh viii DOT get rid OF sne waer bch falling ON the
face Of the ground perhaps mite OIL perooates through
De tuisce t"i uDtI meets with an impermeable sub
sFais a'ong which cesoeDds, t reaches the lowest
sster kvei where IL not aimed OIL Il ascend
by capillary attraction into tho soper incumbent EARTH
always cord and damp and making the locality
rhe experience Of the residents the foot Of Murray
Hi, VIII UNI oubt y confirm This The only remedy
Tor tbe evil Ia 10 msntao the original water
"herever they NAV cyst rs permanent dratos 80 built
az 70 10 mt OF The percoaou VI through the inter
snces OK the covering The orsDH should DO excavsted
70 hIm sobstraium and every property owuer com
peeled TO construct portion OF each which may
pass through MS propry
The syansge OF the 0en.~al Pars win peoesstate the
construction Of suoh draos along the whole siope
tween and the East river and this section will a.
paiu'ai Consequence become tho heah,est poi Non Of
tie city.
GEOLOGY
Inc area OF the Central Park Is embraced tn what y
Known - the primary region inc rocSs Of which pos
sestfne Similar cbAraoteTptNs renders easy matter
to deveiope hs neral geology close stioo Of
ns local details presents variety Of geological phenone
pa the solution OF which capnos fall x Add muoh 10 our
kpowlecae, DO In rck nude aud economical point OF
view correct unders,andipg OF these details Is Of
great Importance In determining sten Of thorough
drainage, and In the prOpe, location OF the roads Be
sdes the and decom position Of the minerals
which compose the rocks furnhag toe soils OF their i'm
mediate localities therefore TO these stuents Ia
10 know In great measure the soil
Enough OF .be geoi' 81 win Ne presented 10 show the
Variations IN the straa resulting RON faults, upheavas
and other causes well rs the NO less marked vaya
tons IN the mineral constituents.
Tie TCchs mbraoed within the area, arc
FiYst-6nees Ia caceous gneies).
Second Mica slate.
Third Granite 10 numerous intrusve veins.
Fourth Dluvial OF drt deposits, incud ing ooulden
Filth Soils derived from The decomposition Of the
gneiss ana associated rock
Ga,i,s ond MUa Saie
The strata OF snetss exhibit uniformity With reg Ard Va
10 their strike and GIN They show everywhere voien
disOcStiops owing " tho Intrusion OF ious veins oil
granite. In some localities they In Q critical position
nearly co. vary ing from 80 deRress " W. 30 de-
erees T. IN otbeys they vary degrees TO ~ 10
Rrses 70 the ~ W. and " the the prevailing direo
lion of the fke Dortn north east The present position
81 the o. mas apparently been PROD by two dis
tnc Causes Drst upheavai OF entire mas,
subsequently the strata has been literally dp scei An
contorted by nurno' intrusive veins OF granite
The following low Of the iooaliiies where tho
strata are exposed TO examination, illustrating their gu
Between seventh and Eighth avenues and Fifty ninth
ana SIXTY nrst street, the strike north 10 degrees
% north 10 degrees asst ano the DIP from 10 degrees 10
Between Seventh and Eighth avenues, and sixty se
cend and 1y third streets the rock dips At the surface
non % aecress ror.n.est 70 perpend,oulT cnrvas
below the surface.
Detwe.n siIin and Seventh avenues, and sixty nrs
and SIXTY second streets, the strike Is north so degree
east the dip s from perpendculAr 70 80 degrees south
east.
and Sky fifth streeW, the strike is north 4b dexoe
east the dip from pcrpend cuar TO 20 degrees south
On Eleventh. avenue between Sixty .Gfb and sixty sixt
streets, the strike north thirty Eve degrees east
Dip forty i've degrees northwe
Neurological Character If he Cneia.
Biologists dis nsush two kinds Of end
or syenit,c eneiss and m,caceous gnetss proper-th
iorner being characterized by emnae and crystallin'
penticcs Of hornbeDde, while the latter SCALES Of mIc
form the sirauyog material so far ~ examined In tn
Central Psrh oil the eness occurring micaceous gnoiss
associated With comparatively harrow bands Of m,el
slaie. The different varieties OF gpess which fount
here dDer chiefly In tho quantity and manner OF dlsW
button of the MICA Tho following varieties have bsex
noitds-
Fret Gray gness usualy OF o nuefy granular strue
ture compose white, white ~sb mix
colortd ildspar White and light gray coiored quartz
black and slvery colored mica disseminated In susai
scales unormy throughout parallel 10 the line OF strs
bcaron, snd compact grains OF red garnet The grsy
fDess aernaies with other varieties OF gness and wt
inca slate.
JrteIaminaed 0neia
Tho shape Of the scales of pcs gives character 10 ths
variety more css anulAr mixture OF fedspar and
quartz enveloped BY wsveke shaped lAminse mica
thns ormipg number OF ntcuar shaped small bodies
rbe olospar OF this kind Of gnens usually OF yeowish
Whit color while the grains Of quat are Of dsrE gray
and brownish hues. Small gains OF magnetic and OF
red garnet sre occasionally in1rmixed with the above
constituencies besides, thero also found, occasional
minerals, fourmaline and opdoto OF a yenowsh green
color 10 their coaiDes and small imperfect crystals.
oopiinuous serDson OF grsy and inersmnatod gposs,
eIbbitir . beautiful ribbon ike Structure The locality
Of tbs Last 10 between SIKH and Seventh avenues, sixty
hrst and sixty third streets ard between Seventh and
Eighth avenues Sixty fourth ana 81 ty sixth strcets
Mica s)ate occurs In nArro~ layers Auf bands
srsins Of ar quart and some l,o spown,.h co,orsd
decomposed, ferruenous ospar mica and quartz form
irg always The predomI ant constituents Mica slate de-
oomposes vei y rapidly, for ming losmy soil
YIN IKE MaGes Of Quarts in Gness
In mnny kcaitics The snelss contains or less
teptive mAsses OF qusriH OF epcuar shape, thinning
eradualIy out towards lie north east south
They are generally parallel 10 the strike OF the strata
only aew nstaroe having been isund where such was
not the They con,ss srsykh white compact quartz
OF Gull lustre ,'oepg occasionally slightly intermixed
with yeowph white CON act fedrpar These lsntiouisr
mares Of quarry from bsf an inoh 10 nearly ect
- ma eartly be fab fOr ul vena TnSiY
limited extent, their conformity with the stripes Of the
strata, and TIE fact OF their beng occasionally replaced
by veins OF granite speak strongly 10 favor OF tho OPT
mon, that they already ormed when the obtruson
OF The granite took place being co emporancous vita the
sneiss.
Gronle
The veins of grsphe pass through the gness IN almo
every direction. The creator number have angie OF
bearing between and north; others In . direo
ton varying from north 10 degrees east 10 north Sc de-
Rrees east A general rule they pursue very torsuols
oourse, Their wells rcprtsentng not unircqueny wave
lhe zf zas shaped outlines
MsnoaLc,ca, CpuJo,ifion Of ne 0ranVe.
The mineuokcal com o. ston OF the granite does not