davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1856-05-15

To PRyENr TREES FROM SPLITTINd.-for
preventing forked trees from splitting under,
weight Of fruit, Isaac Lewis, Of Hopknsville,
Kentucky, has given us his plan. my plan,'
he writes, (which | have followed for thirty,
years, is this: When find forked tree that
il likely to split, Hook for small limb on
each fork, and clean them Of leaves and later
ira branches for most Of their length. l
then carefully bring them together, and wind
them round each other. In twelve months
they will have united, and in two years the
ends can be cut of. The trace will grow as
fast at any other part of the tree. and is a
perfect security from splitting have them
now Of all sizes, and scarcely ever knew
one to fail to grow"
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1856-05-15
A Coop RuNoR.-The Boston Journal says

A Coop RuNoR.-The Boston Journal says
"A rumor prevails at Washington that there
will be boiling at the Cincinnati Convention, il
the South should succeed in their purpose Of es
tablshing National Platform; ana that the
seceders will nominate j G. Fremont as the rep
rescntative of the Silas Wright, Van Buren,
Benton Democracy, who would be supported by
the Soft Shells and Republicans conformity, and
perhaps by the bolting Americans.
Mr.. Giddings, of Ohio, has written letter
contradicting charge that he had written or
iastigated articles against the nomination of
Col. Fremont 'On the contrary, (says Mr..
GiddingO have constantly said that would
sustain him with the greatest pleasure, # he
holds to the right and duty Of Congress to ex-
elude Slavery from our territories, and receives
the nomination "
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1856-05-15

We like to be corrected for our 'crong doings
and can find no fault at being praised as follows,
Post Mills:
~ would bid you hearty welcome to the
Editorial Chair, and wish you much success in
your holy calling. The Freeman was never a
better paper than at present, nor was its healthy
influence ever more needed in the Statesand Ma
ton. Mayit outlive thousand sef-styled Pat
riots, who have sold their birthright for Il mess
of pottage
Yours for Truth and humanity" II,
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1856-05-15
icS Congressional Con.
ventiOn.
State
Committee

ven Clcl-
eemen of the First Congressional Dis
are opposed to the repeal of the Mis-
npromse, to the aggressive and pro.
Obey of the present National Admins
q the extension of Slavery into the
In favor of the immediate admission
q free State, and of restoring the
Federal Government to the princi.
|ngton and Jefferson, are requested
trict Convention at Rutland on
9TH OF MAY INST, at J o'clock
three delegates to represent
National Convention to nom
r President and Vice Presi.
Philadelphia on the 18th Of
choose twenty delegates to
|ict in the State Convention
elicr oa the Sd day Of June
|lcgates at large to represent
tional Convention.
THE DISTRICT Committee.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1856-05-15

for the Campaign
Freeman from the 10th Of
! September for fifty cents.
(de the State campaign-and
| the 10th Of November foi
This will include the State
lnpaign.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1856-05-15

Rock ISLAND, May Steamer Efie, after
passing the daawbridge at Rock Island, ILL.,, ON
the It'll, was swung round by the current against
the pier, smashing her cabins and setting fire to
the boat, which was wholly DESTROYED with her
cargo, valued at $4,000. One span of the
bridge was also destroyed.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1856-05-15
lr spaYe for q Storm.

lreparo for a Storm.
| world seems quietly await
|e Conventions, there s much
clling the skies ard seeing
the wind may blow. If we
storm we must be ready for
! Of its force may be averted
\np before it breaks. After
tt net complain if we have
unity to prepare fer it.
pile ere yet the excitement
ION us, which then would
e wish such action in our
the greatest success to the
Ind establish Il party upon
IL withstand the elcmeats
gain. While the great
E esponsing cur cause, it
but we must labor to
use while the tide "a
leasing assurance that
good of the cause at
pw soon our utmost
|lend the foundation
I've laboled so long
b. This work be-
|us far advanced the
and although you
aceasingly, stili there
While the battle seems
gained, Our friends
,ur distrnst and watch
I'VE have no care for but
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1856-05-15

The Pierce Democrats in Boston are about to
establish II weekly newspaper, under the es-
pecial patronage of the United States Sub
Treasurer
What 10 the matter with the Post!
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1856-05-15

Three anti Administration members were alb
sent. and there was one extra vote cast. proba-
bly, by mistake. The average majority on the
other State officers was 10.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1856-05-15

1t is rumored in Washington that Walkers
Government is to be recognized, and their min
lister received.
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1856-05-15
State Convention,

The people of the State of Vermont, without
egard to past political differences or divisions,
tho are opposed to the repeal of the Missouri
to the policy of the present Ad-
|nistration. to the extension of Slavery into
Territories, in favor of the admission Of
,sas as Free State, and of restoring the
IN of the Federal Government to the princi-
of Washington and Jefferson, are request
choose 20 delegates from each Congression-
istrict, to meet in State Convention at Mont
b., on TUESDAY, THE THIRD DAY OF
Ii next, at IL clock, A. NJ, for the pur
pf appointing six delegates at large to the
nal Convention in Philadelphia, on the
lay of June next, to present candidates to
Aported for the Offices of President and Vice
pt Of the United States; and we recon-
,at the several District Conventions be
their appropriate committees to meet
day, the 9th day of May, inst, to elect
egates each, to represent the District in
onal Convention aforesaid, and to ap
twenty delegates to the State Conyen
lied above.
LAWRENCE BARNARD,
JOHN PORTER,
BLISS N. DAVIS, c.a4.
RoLIA GLEASON, r nssl:e
DAVID s. CHURCH, 00"'nA''''o
JAMES S. MooRE,
II. G. Roof,
b, 1856
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1856-05-15
G New.

II from the New Hamp-
ents home organ, af-
that the Soft dclega.
receive the eeunte-
ton in the Cincinnati
On in New York have ap
atcs to the Cincinnati Con-
nocratc papers say that at
belong to the Know Moth
Organ of the Hards lately
ID 1000 of their voters had Joined
l100s yet these men, members of an Op
losing party, have the brazen impudence to de-
mand seats in the Democratic Convention, Sc
ward Hale. Greeley and Giddings have cqual
claims to seats in that body
1t will BE- recollccted that the Washington
Union last week assumed u similar position to
wards the Hards.
The above taken in connection with some
other things looks to US like sort of cheat
1t is well known that strong inducements wer
held out to the Free Democracy in 1852 to vot
for Pierce, by the publication of such articles a
the following and it will be we'll for them t.
look out for q second gulltrap. During thu
campaign of 1862 the Washington Union, seem
ing speak officially, said
"s The Freesoil Democratic leaders of III
North are regular portion Of the Democrat,
party, and Gen. Pierce, if elected, a0iN max
no distinction betoeea them and The rest of III
Democracy in the distribution of Official patron
age, and IN The selection of agents for admins
tcring The government. ;"
Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1856-05-15


III warm Gum shellac is good, but is
more liable to peal of than the tar mixture,
Never cut limb for the sake Of using
your TOOLS The tops Of apple trees dc not
require severe timing in our hot summers.
Nature understands the wants Of the tree
often much better than the gardener who has
had his training under the dripping skies of
England The thick limbs and foliage are
needed to protect the trunk, the larger branch
es and the fruit. You will find your fairest
specimens in the top of the tree,a nd partial
" shielded from the suns rays by leaves
Very small limbs, half inch through, that
cross each other, or that interfere with the
symmetry of the top, may now be removed
but no general pruning should be attempted
Il American Agrieutturist, April.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12
NEW YORK DAILY TRIBUNE, THURSDAY, JUNE II, 1866

TRIBUNE that Mrs. Stowe has in hand new
novel founded on the condition OF the poor whites
At the son. Messrs. Phillips & sampson nave
il now in their press. It is as yet unbaPtl1ed; SO
that cannot tell you what it is to be called Bnt
apprphend there lie no danger of its being Il, tor
sny long time "a deed without q name The
few who have had sight Of it predict for II a
success not less than that which attended unc'e
Tom: and not without esOteric probabilities. che
ha. been lucky. or wise, in her time OF publication
ses;,. The Fugitive Slave bill aud the other
Compromise vilIanies prepared the way for Uncle
Tom. and the assault on Sumner and the hahsas
enornties are doing the same thing for her new
book. If got out in time, it may make good
Campsien Document for the Republicans. =,
II has been stated in some New York paper-l
forget which-that this same firm has in press
rev edition of Robertsons Charles v. with Notes
BY Mr.. Prescott. the historian. This is not pre-
cisely the case Messrs. Phillips x sampson
have in press such an edition, to which Mr.. Pres
colt is TO furnish not Notes, but Continuation;
containing the Cloister Life of the Emperor and
rounding the Narrative with his de0h: Robert
sop. YOU remember, leaves off with his Abdlcs.
tiop. II lie needless to say what an additional
grace this will give to our old friend, whom, with
All his faults. have sDcient liking for. BfLEs.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12
PUBLIC MEETINGS.
REPUBLICAN CENTRAL COMMIT rEE--FRE-
MONT AND BANKS.

regular and well-attended meeting Of the Republi'
cen Central Committee was held at Academy Hall lat
light Delegates were received from the Second and
Fourth Wards, which, we believe were the only onee
not previously ieprepresented. The business wa
mostly of formal nature, such as the reading OF com
mur icatons appointment Of committees, &c.; but the
following resolutions, offered by CHARLES RIDDLE,
and supported by bin in brief but telling speech,
seemed TO touch the public feeling Ike an electric
spsIk:
Hherens The National Convention Of the Republican
party vii assemble next week in Philadelphia 20 noni
candidates for President and VcePresident ofbe
United States:
And whereas, The Republicans Of this, ard Of every
other section Of our Republic, have night resPecauy
TO indicate their preferences as guide 10 ,hsH Sss
gates, and a. information for their friend: throughout
the Union; therefore,
Res0lred, Tbst, while proudly sckbosIedge tns
merits and services of our own distinguished SensM
and statesman, WILLIAA H. SEWARD, and bis noo.
C, mpatriOts who have been proposed in vaIious qua
tsrs FOR President and will cheerully support VINCE
ever shall be the choice Of the Convention, we "
believe and declare that Col. JoBs c. Fremont sts
ILsn best calculated under existing circum.tabc.t~
lead the hosts of Freedom to assured and benenceH
victory.
Aesolred, That NATHASIEL p. BANKS, jr., Of ~
sachueti is our first choice for Vice President.
Tie nsm.s above mentioned were hailed with en-
thussstic applause, and the resolutio~ were unsnf
II ousy voted, and ratified by three hesrty 'heer'.
The Committee then adjourned to meet 10 PhiisSs'
phia on the 18th inst.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12

KFNTrcKY vnw OF SoUrH CARoLIsA The editor
of The LrisriHe Journal George d. Prentice, writes
Il us article concerning the late outrage in the
Senate Chamber at Washington:
"Tbere were twice many traitors in South Caro-.
Ina in the days ofthe Revolution as in any other State
in proportion to population, and we think that her
oil, as general rule, grows worse men now than II
did then.
"Ibe shameful imbecili'y Of South Carolina from
Slavery during the Revolution, and it's more shameful
assuu ptons for Slavery SINCE to say nothing OF It's
hord.s of Tories during the Revolution and ever since
IS clearly in the history Of country, that
is surprising nybody out of South Carolina should pro-
nOunce it lbelous be shameless as to attack Sum
Der (by way of making sneakng justification Of
Brook for Hnging the hard fact in the teeth Of the
clustering DULLES VINO truly represent in Congress that
pestilet State which, with absurd nsolence and vs1
ty, claims to be Tie State-par excellence, the common.
wealth of the continent.
The honors ascribed to South Caroiaians for BRAY
sry IN the Revolution by Webster and the comno1
seut of mankind belong not to the Shareholders, but
to the poor white trash despised then and now by
their ordly neigbbors. The ogarchy Of South Csrona
was as tremulous then at the idea Of war with En-
gland and. had the palsy of conservatism, as now
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12
EVIDENCE OF A SOUTHERN WITNESS
From The LouisriAe (Ky.) Courier.

From The Louisriue (Ky) Courier.
The Paris Citizen, old ana dignitied paper, pub
lsN in the very heart of State, the editors OF
which have always been loyal to the south presents
the following true view of the condition OF anhs
in Kansas. We extract from The Ca'Een OF the s9th
May:
"Our friend Sebree Just returned from tlip TO
Kansas handed us yesterday morning an extra printed
at WesIpOrt Mo-, on the 23d, giving an account OF
the late proceedings in the Territory. II does not differ
materially from the accounts received by telegraph
ana TO be found in another column. 1t states that
con pany of about Nv hundred armed Free-State men
had collected at Lawrence the day after the assault
upon that place. and attack from them on the town
OF Franklin feared. The account Is intammatory,
and counses still further violence. 1t contains the fol-
lowing significant passage: Our Missouri friends must
understand that this Is but the beginning OF the eni.
We udnt you s,W 4!
"Mr S.bree says that large numbers of Missouiians
are in the Territory, and that the supply OF them Is
only limited by tie demand. The representation lie
makes Of the men who compose the body OF the Pro
Slavery parry, and of their proceedings, is not very
fattering to them He says that decent Southern men
WHO 60 there uncer undue excitement, are ashamed
Of the IN, and he saw some SUCH whose minds on the
subject of Slavery in Kansas had undergone COM
pte change The large company OF Southern emgrantS
recruited in Alabama by Major BGford he represents
as miserable set Of drunken loaiers, many of whom
have died in consequence of then vices and imprd
dence and all of whom cursing the men that induced
IL en- 10 go TO the county Mr. Se5ree says II Is gen
orally conceded that OF the actual citizens OF the Ter
ri,ory two to in favor of Free State, and
that with the exception Of comparatively small num-
Der of wers they quiet industrious men, seek
ing to estabih homes for themselves and their idm
lies They have been outnumbercd and outvoted by
the people from the borders of Missouri whs have
betD organized for that purpose. These are unps-
atable truths for Southern meD but the sooner tue
truth known the better. Mr.. Scbree thinks that the
war has but commenced, and that In a very short
time, thousands of armed men will be In Kansas from
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12
-E-----------
TIE REIGN OF TERROR.
Ccrrespondenee Of The Chicago Trbane
LAWRENCE, state of Kansas May 81, 1856.

Correspondence Of The Chicago Tnbane
LAWRENCE, state of Kansas, May 81, 1856.
KANSAS TO THE NORTH.
There is Reign OF Tenor in Kansas. The prospects
Of Freedsm are gloomy. The Northern S9aatters are
yielding TO despair. Their only hope Is 10 Northern
resolution IL the people OF the North command their
Representatives TO sToP THE SUPPLIES, unless hansss
b. Immediately admitted into the Union they VIII hgn'
and struggle till the end; but If the supplies are
granted without this proviso, they ms. yled 10 tue
Overwhelming foreign forces united 10 suodue them.
The position OF the Northern people of n snsss VIII
be one Of imminent peril The troops the Couts, the
Blue Ii dye, and the Southern army under Basrd aud
others, necessarily employed in roobing aud h.'
raising them
IfNorheIner unite for nut ual protection the troops
immt diattly dsperse them and party OF Missouri or
Alabama iusns following in he footsteps of the so-
deIy, plumber and insult them with IMMUNITY.
Every man WHO is capable of acting leader is
either under arrest or under indictment.
The farmers are forced 10 be idle in their fields for
several hours daily, in order TO keep up a watch fos
ne approach Of gueillss.
SSsoots iide all night in several districts
Iiseoen ~ marshalng her forces again
- ~ Shgnant and innumerabe are sent in legions
~. oVIo.r Counties To exasperate the people o{
political opinions ''o'S'a'e so'ue's auu 'uon
cNn "s OF submission TO srbitrayv ME IN dos
potsm On the Bench, military d;"euy iuJ " Tvs
mob law are the only alterns,ivs - On euVu
nom the North IN this Territory wso vs. PeVPIe
al hazards, TO remain here. ~ '~' @'s resolved, a.
Col Sgrsaer has been Ttgored fro p
seOrk, AID he r1ereIless Gen. H9rse. IsI' I<aots-
Po1s!ed fo succeed hng. AArney ha,es NS,h.cs' a>
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12
FROM FLASHING Ton.
re of The n. Y. Tribune.

Correspondence Of The n. Y Tribune.
WASHINGTON, Monday, June Q, lcS6.
There was skirmish to-day between Trumbal
and Douglas oil Kansas affairs, which touched the
latter in The raw, but hardly pierced the marrow Of
the Territorial Government of Kansas, and ncor.
poraiipg it with Nebraska. doubt the wisdom of
this movement, because l fear that the Admiais-
tration would at once set on foot foray of Border
Ruffsns to e1 slave both Territories at one stroke
Douglas babbled as usual about Constitution, the
principle Of the Nebraska bin, and obeying the
laws. Trumbull replied in ansnner which almost
extipguishcd tie little charla,an, and he could do
nothing but prate over the same texts which he
has hundred times worn threadbare The Qusck
Democracy of Douglas, like other patent medi.
ciles is runDipg out; and his qua ack-qua. ack-
ia getting inspid aud tiresome. Trumbull is fresh
vigorous and entertaining, and will soon pluck his
colleague of the little reputation that lie left him.
The debates ought 70 be republished and ex-
tepsiy ely circulated to show, ifwth no other OBJ
ect. how tri,e ard feeble the babbe OF Nebraska
ism has grown.
The GuanO Convention meets at the Smithsonian
Institution tomorrow. Mr.. Marcy Will communi-
cate to the Meeting a dispatch from John han
dolph Clay, Minister at Peru: >. Is. I; mas
MADE injuries on the subject of suanO, aud con-
cludes that it ought To be furnished to American
farmers at lower prices than il now sells for, but
can give no assurance that it will be. The Tact
seems 10 be that Perm is resolved 80 make good
thing out OF her monopoly, and cannot perceive
why abe has not perfect rlght TO do SO.
conssrcsSeDss Of The n. Y. r1hun,
WAsus.Tos. Monday. Jas. .. 1856.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12
SUMNER INDIGNATION NEE TING S.

A, en- indignation meeting Of teachers and Others,
held a; Millersyille, Lancaster Co Pa on the even
Ing Of Saturday June 1856 the following resolutions
were adopted and ordered TO be published:
HAo,l, We esr with deep rsge, ia, The Hon. Charlie.
SIC nr, U;sd states seuror from Macs lch
c,ri' s't,iei All ,uisly t=sea with Preston
brool kepIe,eL;s;lve htm soaA Carolina. stslhly
ried re serse Chamber or ne express r.P0,e OF
rl'u.S the nj sssagi: therefore,
hofsS, That tie ,res.h Of Senator SINNER tie Kansas
s'fi-p Hss pnihei II sealAen-s Slefe
&c .eb pa-ame-,AJ jsrc-gu he-efoie he tioe tbr..y
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12
TwENTY-sECoND WARD REPUBLICANS

Last night the Republican Association o. ,ae r"e0-
ty.second Ward met at Il e National Hall, IN Forty
fmth street. Mr. joins CRossLEY Off lated ss ehsa'
msr, and VIM II Alds, Secretary. Tie Comm'<'
on Constitution and By vs. through their Cd irm'I'
DR.. Ives, presented report which was aecep.ra
Action deferred upon the report nl,n . 'a ,so.
meeting could De convened Other iHIuaD'y *
were taken toward permanent, organzalon, eoo ~.
meeting Adjourned TO next Wednesday, wnen the or
ganizaton viii be completed.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12
BOARD or ALDERMEN.

WEDNESDAY,, June Il--Ad. bAHhhh' FIrs'1eH'
g,,o,H,jor,-By AID. Tucker-Wherea', seye .ns
-. 90 n, solution was pa~ed requesting "
Coun.el TO the Corporation TO examine aad reP"'
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12
FROM BOSTON.

FROM An Ocor,ior a. Correspondent
BOsroS, Tuesday, June 10. ls56.
The Glory of this World passeth away! Foe re-
mark is pot new, and il mas occurred TO me several
Tires in my life before one day last week, when
happened TO come athwar. crowd at the head of
Beacon street. i heard the strains OF military
band, and discerned through the shade the fash OF
bsyonets, the CLEAN Of swords, and the dancing Of
cOck's.tas t. the breeze. i thought it was moth
ing more than parade of some port N of the Sims
Brigade, till on nearer approach discovered hi:
Excelency Governor GsrdLer il the center of the
ghttering riDs-himself, radiant in gold lace aud
epaulettes made fast to sword, with plumny
ehapeau surmountiDg the Executive head. which,
by dint of Knowing Nothing. has mana ged 10
much. 1t was the first time had ever enjoyed
the blessed vision Of bis regimentals. IL wss Ike
the sudden arpariton of Jove, clothed in hi. full
dress thunder, such rs he waited upon Juno in, 10
poor Semele.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12
- VA swesiruck.
A.. ,..-.N 49,. J., .

But / at once understood tbatit WAS Artillery
Election Day-of which told you in my last let
ter when speaking OF the Colonzat on of the Afri-
can Race on that day from the Common Of the
Saxon. But nobody seemed 10 notice IT, Ix-
ceptipg the crowd which the obstruction neces-
EARLY occs,oned, there was no gathering OF curl
Jus mu,itudes. such as ] remember in the days Of
my youth. Ethiopis bad no occasion 10 stretch
out her hands, for NOBODY mOlested her or mad
her afraid; and when reached the business psrt
Of the c,y, III net fnt auye"i! Thc' - mnea
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12
FROM ILLINOIS.

Corr..rer5euce Ct The n. Y. Trbu1e
MADISON Co, III, Thursday, June ,, 1850.
Iwrote you brief note on the morning OF the
29th May. just before the Anti Nebraska Coaven-
ZION Of the State of Illinois assembled. The general
procee dipgs-the outside sppears,ce-you will
have already learned. 1t may be interesting. how
ever. as well as important, to know the political
situation of Illinois, as eynced by this Convention,
especially as this is looked upon IS one o. the
doubtful States. whose vote may decide hard
fought political campaign.
Before speaking OF the Convention itself permit
me to place before your readers a statement iron
The Chicago Tribune of the Anti-Nebraska vote In
lc54. Atsthat time the nine districts OF the state
elected their Congressman, the aggregate vote
being: -,-o
Nebraska oVtf'i
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12

CoDssfthdtDst OF The Y. 7. TTitunt
WAsnIsoTos, Monday, Jass g 1856.
The re,nrD OF tks S,2sss COIu:ssi0o 10 IL
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-06-12
Anti Nebrssks majority.

According to another calculation, eOncedng
mare than their due to the Nebraska party:
AItNebretka.. ''''''''
Nebrsska............,,.''''''' o'''''