Eaton Democrat. [volume] (Eaton, Ohio) 1843-1856, 1856-01-10

~ NLA 9hA
production, and Il was foresoen That, for tie
same reasons, while this population would
diminish, aud sooner OF la,eC. cease 10 exist,
in some Slate il might Increase in Others. The
pecuiiat Character aud magnitude ufttts qnes-
tion OF local rights, not in material relations
only, but sill more in social ones, caused u
To enter into the special stipulahons OF The
Constitution.
Hence while the general government. as
well by The enumerated powers grated 10 il.
as by thnse not tnumerated, and therefore re
fusei, 10 il, was forbidden TO touch this mat.
ter in the sense OF al,ack or offence, j; was
placed under the general Safeguard of the un-
ion, in The sense Of defence againt either 10
'vaSion or domestic violence, ike all other 10
cal interests of the several States. Each State
expressly stipulated, as we'll for itself as for
each and all Of its citizen OF each Slate be
came solsmnly bound by his allegiance 10 the
constitution, that sny person, held TO service
or labor, IN one Stale, escaping into another,
seould not, in consequence OF aRy law or re-
gulation thereof. he discharged from such ser
vice or Labor, hut should he delivered up on
claim OF the party 20 whom such service OF 10
Dor might be due by the laws Of his State.
Thus and thus only, by he reciprocal guar
snty CT ali tie rights of every Slate against
interference on the pat. Of another, was the
present form o government established by
our fathers and Transmitted to us; and by nc
other means isit possible for it TO exist. II
one State ceases 10 respect the rights OF anoth-
er, aud obtrusively intermediates with its To-
cal in,eEesi,-if a portion Of the States assume
10 Impose their institutions on the others, OF
refuse TO fulfill their Obligations 20 them
we are no longer united friendly States, bal
eis'tacted hostile ones, with little capacity
left Ct common advantage, but abundant
means OF reciprocal injury aGd mischief.
Practically, it rs wholly immaterial wheth-
er aggressive interference between The States,
or deliberate refusal on I e partof any one Of
them to comply with constitutional obliga.
tons arise from erroneous conviction Of blind
pre- iudice-whether it be psrpetrated by di
%rection or indirectiOn. In either case il is
full Of threat and danger 10 the durability Of
the Union.
coSSTIruTioSvL RELATIONS OF SLAVERY.
Placed in the Office of Chief Magistrate, us
the executive agent OF the whole c%onutry,
bound 10 take care that tbe laws be faithfully
executed, and specially e~njoided by The Con
Stiiutlon 10 give iniomHiion 10 ConsTeSs on
the Stale Of The Union, IL would lie p~alpable
neglect OF duty on my part 10 pass over a sub.
jecl like this, which, beyond all Kings al the
present time vitality concerns individual and
public security.
|, has been o matter Of painful regret 10 see
States, conspicuous for their services in found
ing Ibis Republic, and equally sharing lis adj
vantageS, disregard their constitutional obi.
I,,t:.nc A.. II ltbon,b oo,,,, r. -. -
ability 10 heal admitted and palpable socia!
events Ct their own, and which are complete
ly within their jurisdiction, they engage in
the offensive and hopeless undertaking Of re-
~foraiing lie domestic institutions Of other
States, wholly beyond their control and auth
ority. In tie vain pursuit Of ends by them
eRiifely una,iaina6le, and which tLey may moi
legally attempt to compass, they peril The
very existence Of the Constitution. and all the
countless beue6is which it has ,confened,-
While he people of The ) ou,hern etales con,
fine their atlr ntion 10 their affairs, not pre-
Stunning oficiouSly 10 intermelJle With the so.
cial institutions pfthe Northern States, loo
many Of the inhabitants OF the latter ale per
maneniY organIzed in associations 10 in1icl
injury on the former, by wrongful acts, which
would be cause OF wal aS between foreign
powers nndoniy 10 be such in our system,
because Perpe;raIed under cover Of The L Mon.
II is impossible TO present this subject a.
Truth and Ibis occasion require, without no.
ticing the reiterated, but groundleSs, aIlega-
tiou, that she Sonth hos prSistently asserted
claims and obtained Advantages in her pracli.
cal administration Of the general government.
10 The prejudice OF the North, aud in WHICH
the latter has aCguiesced. That is, the States
Which either PROMOTE or tolerate attacks on
the rights Of persons and Of property in other
States, 10 disguise their own injustice pre-
tend or imagine, and constantly aver, that
they. whose constitutional rights are thus Sys
tenatlcolly aSsoiled, are themselves the sg-
gresscrs. Al :he present time, this imputed
aggression, resting as ii does, only in The VI.
que, ~declamatory charges OF political agitators,
resolves itself inlo misapprchenSinn, or MS
Interpretation, of The principles and facts OF
the political organizatlon OF the new Terrific.
ries OF The United States.
What is the voice Of history 2 When The
ordinance, provided for the government of The
Territory north. west OF the river Ohio, md Tor
its eventual sub division into New states, was
adopted IN Congress Of The confederation, il
is not 10 be supposed that the question on fu-
lure relative power, ns between 'hs States
which retained, and those which did not re
tain a numerous colored population, escaped
notice, or failed 10 be considered. An YET,
the concession Of that vast territory 10 the in
terestS and opinions Of the northern S.6tes,
q Territory now The seat OF FIVE the largest
members in the Union, was, in the Stale OF
Virginia and Of the South.
When Louisiana was acquired by the Uni.
ted States ii was an acquisition not less 10 the
North than to The South; for whileit was i'm
p0rtaEt 10 the country at The mouth OF the riv
er Mississippi 10 become the emporium Of lhe
county above II, so also il was even more i'm
portant 10 the whole Union 10 have that en-
porum; and although The rev province, by
reason Of its imperfect settlement, was main
ly regarded as on The Gulf Of Mexico, yet, IN
fact, ii extended 10 the opposite boundaries Of
the United Siates, with far greater breadth
above than below, and was in territory, as in
every thing else, equally al least an accession
10 The northern Sales. IL is mere deluSion
and prejudice therefore 10 speak OF LouiSiana
as acquisition in the special interest Of The
South.
The patriotic and just men, who pariici
pated 10 that act, were Influenced by motives
far above sectional jealous:eS. Itwas 10 truth
the great event, which, by completing for us
the possession Of ihs valley OF the Mississippi
with commercial access TO The Gull Of Mexico,
impaired unity and strength 10 the whole con
federation, attached together by indissolubIe
ties the East and the West as we'll as the
North and the Sourh.
As 10 Florida, that was but the i%ransfer b,
Spain to the United States, Of Territory OF The
east side ofliie river Mississippi, in exchange
Cor large territory, which Tire United STATE.