The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1856-01-05


Iuction will bring down rccsipts under 1t to tho
,mmends a retired list for disabled officers, and a
re-org anization of the army. The Six steam frig
ates provided fo0 the last Congress have been pro-
ceeded with, and Will b. finished by spring He
recommends the construction of six steam sloops Of
war in addition. The President then proceedsl
The report Of the Secretary of the Interior will
engage your attention, we'll for the useful sug
gestious il contains, for the interest and mpor
lance of the subjects to which they refer The ag
gregate Of public land sold during the last fiscal
year, located with military scrip or land warrants
taken up under grants for roads, and selected as
swamp lands by States, is q, 55T ,5o9 acres,
the proportion sold is l5 524 yielding in receipts
The Of 81 ,4S5 $50.
In the same period Is 233 ,S54 acres have been
surveyed but, IN consideration of the quantity al
ready subject TO entry, no additional tracts have been
brought into market.
The peculiar relation Of the general government
to the District Of Columbia, renders il proper to
commend 1T To your care, and also its moral inter
ests, including education, more especially Of those
part of the District outsid Of the cities of Wash
Ing ton and Georgetown.
The Commissioners appointed to revise and codify
the laws of the District have made such progress IN
the performance of their task insure its com
petlon III the time prescribed ia the act Of Con
gress
peace Of the settlements of the Territories of Ore
gon and Washington Is disturbed by hostilites on
the part of the Indians, with indications Of hos
tile character among the tribes in that quarter the
more serious in their possible effect by reason of
the undetermined foreign interests existing in
Territories &c which your at suion has already been
especially invited Efficient measures have been 10
zen, which, il Is believed, will restore quiet, and
afford protection to citizens.
In the Territory of Kansas there have been some
a. VET non
have occurred under circumstances to justify the
reference Of the federal executive. That could
Jny be ia the IF obstruction to federal law or
of organized resistance 10 territorial law, assuming
The character Of instruction which if it
should occur, it would b. nay duty promptly 70
overcome and suppr IS. / cherish the hope, howey-
er, that the occurrence of any such unoward event.
Will be prevented by he sound of the people
of the Territory who by Its organic law possessing
b. right to determine their domestic institp
ton, entitled while deportiug themselves peace
fully, 10 the * srcise OF that rgat, and 10 be pro
tecled IN its enjoyment, without interference the
part Of the citizens Of any Of the States.
The southern boundary line of this Territory has
never been surveyed and established The rapidly
extending settlements in that region, with the fact
tuat the mail route between Independence in thu
State of Missouri, and New Mexico, is contiguous
this, suggests the probability that embarra ng
questions tor jurisdiction will Consequently arise.
cor these and her considerations, ! commend the
subject tO your early attention.
have thus passed in review the general state OF
the Union, including such particular concerns Of
Che federal g0yrnm mt, whether of domestic for
eign relations. It appeared to me desirable ana
Useful TO bring TO he special notice Of Congress
Unlike tue <. at ates of Europe and ASIA, ana
many Of those of America, these United States are
wasting their strength neither IN foreign nus
domestic strife. Whatever oI discomfort or public
satisfaction exists is attributable the i'm pcrfec-
ton II human nature, Is incident ali govern
monts, -o"efer rfect, whlcl human wisdom can
devlso. Such subjects Of political agitation occu-
~ the public mind, consist a grent extent Of ex-
garation Of Inevitable events, or over zeal IN all
a events Of more Imagination Of grievance hay
Ing but remote connection Will any of the consiitu-
tiuna functions du les Of the feral government t.
10 whatever extent these questions exnib!. ten
iehcy menaeing The stability Of lne cons titution
or the ins-g ity II the Union, and 40 fur her h )
aemano the consideration of the executive, and 70
qure 10 be presented by him 10 Congress. Before
he thirteen colonies b came confederation, they
were associated only by community If trans AT
lantic orlgin-by the mutual tie OF dependence
treat Britain When hat tie was severed they sav-
orally assumed the form Of absoute self government
III. nnnicp pal and social institutions of each, with
LAWS ot property and personal relations-eyen tie
political orginigaton--w such only rs ca ia one
chose establish wholly without interference with
eacn ether. In the Language If the Declaration of
independence, each State had power TO levy war,
conclude peace, Contract alliances establish com
merce, and do all other acts which independent
States may do The several colonies differed i'll
climate and soil and natural productions religion
In systems OF education, IN legislation, and in tine
Forms If political administration, and they continued
% differ in these respect when they voluntarily al
lied themselves TO carry on the of the reYolu-
ton. The object Of that to disenthral the
nited Colonies from foreign rule which bad proved
to be oppressive and TO separate permanently from
he mother country. The political result was the
foundation of the federal republic of the free white
m of the colonies constituted ms they were, in
distinct aud rcciprocally Independent State govern
menis. AS for the subject races whether indian
or African, the wise and brave statesm IN of thai
day engaged III no extrayagant scheme of sociai
change, bat left them they were, and thus pre-
served themselves and their posterity from the an
arrhy and ever recurring civil which have pre-
vailed in the reyolutionizsd colonies Of America.
When the confederated States convened to modify
the condition Of their iation by giving TO the
general government direct in respects to
the people Of States instead Of confirm. it to action
on the States such they proc led the ex-
sting constitution, adherng steadily 10 guiding
thought, VIII ch WAS to delegate only such power as
was necessary and proper 70 toe execution of spec
ned purposes or. In other words TO retain msleh
As poss bic, con is;eHty with those Eu PCS > of he
independent power of the individual States. For
the objects Of common defer and curty thew Gu
trusted 10 the geaerai goyernm certain refully
defined funct lea wing OFT as the undeI ga
tsd rights of h sew independ severe gnti, S.
such Is the constitutional theory of gov IN
It's PRACTICAL obseiv vance has canied along among
modern repub les through neariy tnrec 4 II, ration
Of tim, wlthuu tn cost Of one drop Of blood shed
civil war W h freedom and cincert Of action
h enabled as 10 contend suecessfuly in the bat
tie field against f9re IN foes, has elevated the feeble
tiontcs ln.o powerful seat = and caused our IN
dnstriai produ iven s. and commerce which trans
RS it to the lvsl If tn richest an greatest MS
tons Of EArop. and Lhe admirable adaptation Of
,ar political inatitu ons TO their Objects combin
| cal seif-go eminent with aggregate strength ha.
abiished ihe praeticabihty Of IN government like
ours TO cover continent with confederate > ates.-
Ine Congress Of the United Sta,es is effect that
9Dngress uf sovereigns which good If The Old
World have sought for but could nay.r obtain, and
when impars 40 America exemption from the
IN at ual leagues for common aetion--trom the wars
mntna. insasions, and vague aspirations after
balance OF power watch conv uls ed from time {.
fine the iveram mt Of Europe Our corpora i've
ct,on the conditions oil permanent confede.
raey prescribed by the constitution. Our balance OF
power If IN tie cooperative reserved rights Of III,
states and the equal representa- fion in the Senate
ae independent sovereignty in every one Of Tho
ses with IL reserved rIsats Of local self govern