davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26
The Plague of the Fourteenth Century.

4 *
There was one disease called the black
death, the black plague or the great NOR
taity. The most dreadful visitation Of it
was one that began i'll China, spread over
Asia and in the year l34S entered Europe.
Europe was then however, not used to plaques
Six others had made themselves famous dur
ing the preceding eight-and-tor years.
The black plague spread from the South of
Europe to the North occupying about three
years in its passage. In two years it had
reached Sweden; in three years it had con-
quered Russia The fatal influence came
among men ripe to receive it. Europe was
full Of petty war; citizens were immured in
cities, in unwholesome houses overlooking
filthy streets, as in beeaguered fortresses,
for robbers, if not armies, occupied the roads
beyond their gates; husbandmen were starry
ING, teudal slaves; religion was mainly super
stltlon; ignorance was dense, and morals
were debased; little control was set upon the
passions. To such men the pestilence came
which was said to have slain thirteen millions
of Chinese, to have depopulated India to
have DESTROYED in Cairo fifteen thousand
lives day. Those were exaggerated state
ments, but they were credited, and terrified
the people. Certainly vessels with dead
crews dritted about in the Mediterranean
and brought corruption and infection to the
shores on which they stranded In what
spirit did the people, superstitious as they
were in those old times, meet the calamity!
Many committed suicide in frenzy; merchants
and rich men, seeking to divert the wrath of
Heaven from themselves, carried their trea-
sure to the churches and monaseries, where,
if the monks fearing to receive infection with
it, shut their gates against any such offering,
it was desperately thrown to them over their
walls. Even soundmen, corroded by anxiety
wandered about and lived as the dead
Houses, quilted bv their inhabitants, tumbed
to ruin. BY plague, and by the flight of the
terrified inhabitants, many thousand villages
were left absolutely empty, silent as the
woods, and fields. The Pope in Avignon
was forced, because all the churchyards were
full, to consecrae as burial place the river
Rhone, and insure to the faithful an inter
ment, if not in holy ground, at least in holy
water. How the dead were carted out Of
towns for burial in pits, and how the terror
of the people coined the fancy that through
indecent haste many were hurried out and
thrown into those pits while living, every
one knows, it was the incident of plague at
all times Italy was reported TO have lost
half its inhabitants. The Veneians fled to
the Islands, and forsooll their city, losing
three men in four; and in Padua, when the
plague ceased twothirds of the inhabitants
were missing. This is the black death which
began towards the close of the year l349 to
ravage England; and Of which Antony Wood
says eXtravaganty, that, at the close of it,
scarcely a tenth part of the people of this
country remained living.
Dicken'S UousehoM Words.
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26
THE LAW OF NEWSPAPERS.

l. Subscribers who do not give express notice
to the contrary, considered as wishing to con
tinue their subscription.
g If subscribers order their papers dKcontnu-
ed. Publishers may continue to send them until
all charges are paid.
5. If subscribers neglect or refuse to take their
papers from the office or place to which they are
sent they are held responsible until they settle
their bill and give notice to discontinue them.
4. If subscribers move to other places without
informing the publisher. and the paper is sent to
the former direction. they are held Responsible
~ Notice should always be given OF removal.
}. The courts have decided that refusing to take
a paper or per odcal from the Office, or removing
aud leaving it uncallcd for, is pr.ma iac!e cvI-
dcnce OF intent onal fraud
E4,- Po>tmastcrs would ohlige. by a strict full
nlulnnt OF til. regulations requiring them t" mott
fy Publishers once in three months. OF papers not
taken from their Office hy subscribers.
re- Under the ltw Of Congress papers are not
charged postage in the county in which they are
published
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26
Changes of Climate.

History informs us that many Of the coun-
tries Of Europe, which now possesses very
mild winters at one time experienced severe
cold during this season of the year. The
'riber at Rome, was often frozen over, and
snow at one time lay for forty days in that
city. The Euxine Sea was frozen over every
winter during the time of Ovid, and the
rivers Rhine and Rhone used TO be frozen 50
deep, that the ice sustained loaded wagons.
The waters of the 1iber, Rhine and Rhone
now flow freely every winter; ice Is unknown
at Rome, and the waves of the EuXine dash
their wintrv foam uncrystalized upon the
rocks Some one has asclibed these climate
changes to agrcuture the cutting down Of
dense forests, the exposure of the upturned
soil to the summers sun, and the draining of
great Marshes We do not believe that such
great changes could have been produced on
the climate OF any country by agriculture,
and we are certain that no such theory can
account for the contrary change of climate
from warm to cold winters-which history
tells us has taken place in other counties
than those named. Greenland receives its
name from the emerald herbage which once
clothed its valleys and mountains; and its
east coast, which is now inaccessible, on
account of perpetual ice hesped upon its
shores. was, in the eleventh century, the seat
of fourishing Scandinavian colonies, all trace
of which is now lost Cold Labrador was
named Vinland by the Northmen who visited
it A. y. 1000 and were charmed with its
then mild climate
The cause of these changes is an important
inquiry. A pamphlet by John Murray, civil
engineer, has recently been published in
London, in which he endeavors to attribute
these changes of the climate TO the change
able position Of the magnetic poles. The
magnetic variation or declination Of the
needle is well known. At the present time
it amounts in London to 23 degrees, west
north, while in 1868, the line of variation
passed through England, and then moved
gradually west until 1916. In that year
great removal Of ice took place on the coast
of Greenland; hence it is inferred that the
cold meridian now passes through Italy, and
that if the magnetic meridian returns as it is
now doing, to It's old lines in Europe, Rome
NAV once more see her Tiber frozen over,
aud the merry Rhineander drive his team
on the ice of his classic river. Whether the
changes of the climate mentioned have been
caused by the change of the magnetic
meridian or not, we have too few facts before
us at present to decide conclusively; but the
idea once spread abroad, will soon lead to
such investigations as will no doubt remove
every obscurty and settle the question.
Scientific american.
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26

ly suffered on landing in New York. The
villanous runners used to board emigrant
ships and pay shippers for the privilege Of
robbing these strangers. They would carry
them off to foul dens, styled emigrant board
ing houses, make them pay ten prices for
carting their goods, charge them Astor House
prices for their meals and lodging, ply them
with rum, and where they could would rob
them, or that failing, sell them spurious tick
cts purporting to carry them through to
their destination. To the honor of the emf
grant society be it said, they have built up
an impossible barrier between these rogues
and the emi grants. The latter are landed
from their ships at Castle Garden where the
sick are at once taken care of, the healthy
introduced to refreshing baths, and while
they remain are allowed to enjoy shelter,
free Of charge, in this clean healthy location,
from whence they are aided and forwarded
on their journey, in whatever direction they
may choose to take. Three thousand per-
sons have slept, in this now great emigrant
raravansera, on one night. They can buy
bread, cheese, milk, tea and coffee, in the
Castle, IN any quantities, at wholesale prices.
Books Of routes and maps are there to direct
them on their way, and emigrant boarding
house keepers and rum, are positively forbid
entrance within the walls There is deal
of humanity about this .toreign institution.
S. Il. Sun.
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26
NUMBER 90:
The Figure Nine.

A correspondent, ever the signature of
Ledger" sends Cincinnati editor the fol-
lowing:
Il have just read in your paper what has
often before been published, respecting the
curious properties Of the figure 9. One of
these properties is of importance to all book
keepers and accountants to know, and which
| have never seen published. l accidentally
found it out, and the discovery to me Though
it may have been we'll known to others be-
iore) has often been of essential service in
settling complicated accounts. 1t is ths:-
The difference between any transposed num-
her is always a multiple of 8. For instance,
suppose an accountant or book keeper can
not prove balance in his accounts, there is
difference between his debts and credits
which he cannot account for, after careful
and repeated addings. Let him see if this
difference can be divided by without any
remainder. If it can, he may be assured
that his error most probably lies in his having
somewhere transposed figures; that is to say,
he has put down 90 for 90, 83 for 3S, DC,
with any other transpostion. The difference
of any such transposition is always multiple
of 0. The knowledge of this will always
divert attention to the true source of error,
and save the trouble Of adding up long
columns Of figures. The difference between
so and % is SO, or 7 times 8; between SO
and 38 is As, or times o; and SO on be-
tween any transposed numbers.
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26
Love Sickness,

The following burlesque upon the lovesick
sentimentality. so much of which is going the
rounds Of the papers, is recommended as sure
antidoe tor all who are that way ncllned:--
o! list to me, Lzzy
You sweet lump Of candy.
Love makes me feel dizzy,
Like sugar and brandy;
My vision is reeing--
My brains are all burning
And the sweet cream Of feeling
Is curlled by churning:
For my heart meath my jacket
Is up and down Jumping,
And keeps such racket
With its humping and humping;
O. show me one smie-'ts my last supplcation.
crave nothing further-'twill be my salvationl
o! Lzzy, I'm worsted-
| feel it all over:
I'm done up and bursted-
broken down lover.
The joys Of my bosom
Have cut stick and vanished;
knowcd should lose 'em
When my true love you banshed;
The world has gone dreary,
In sackcloth and sorrow;
OF life | am weary.
And | wish that tomorrow
Would dawn on my grave in that peace given val y
Where d care not for you nor for Susan nor Sally?
know It's sin to-
But I'm bent on the notion
I'll throw myself into
The deep brny ocean,
Where mud-ecls and catfish
On my body shall rot,
And founders and fat fish
Select me for diet;
There soundly III slumber
Beneath the rough billow,
And crabs without number
Shall crawl Ger my pillow;
But my spirit shall wander through the gay coral
bowers.
And frsk with the mermaids-it shall, by the
powers?
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26
Soup from Beans.

The American Farmer gives the following
receipt for making soup out of Spanish beans
hardly to be distinguished from turtle soup:
Take the usual quantity of beans, (thc
Spanish, a black bean, sometimes called the
Black Mexican at others Black Dwarf) wash
them, put them into a pot with the proper
quantity of water boil them until thorough
ly DONE then dip the beans out of the pot
and press them through a coander, return
the flour to the beans thus pressed through
the coander into the water in the pot in
which they were boiled; then tie up some
thyme in a clean linen or cotton bag but it
into the pot and let it simmer few minutes;
then boil Il few eggs hard, take the shells off,
quarter the eggs, and put them into the soup,
together with sliced lemon, add little
butter and season with salt and pepper, and
You will have soup 50 nearly approaching
the favor of the real turtle soup that few,
except for the absence of the meat, would be
able to distinguish the difference
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26
James !. of England and VI, Of Scotlant

James /. Of England and VI, Of Scotland
was not deficient in sense or knowledge, but
wanting in steadiness or vigor of mind.
The monarch was aware of his defect, and
heard of a preacher singularly happy in his
choice Of text. James appointed him to
preach before him, that he might put his
abilities to the test. The preacher, with the
utmost gravity, gave out the text in the
following words-Jdmes first md s'rth, IN
latter part of the verse. He that wavereth
is like a wave Of the sea driven by the winds
and tossed. 'Hc is at me already,' said the
King.
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26

PREPAYMENT OF POSTAGE BY STAMPS ONLY.
The postage law authorises postmasters to
place postage stamps upon all prepaid letters
placed by the writers. The Postmaster
General intends to carry this provision of the
law into effect, and calls upon the postmaster
to provide themselves with stamps. 1t is not
intended that postmasters shall affix the
stamps, but to keep them so that all persons
having occasion to use, may readily obtain.
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26

THE New YORK CRYSTAL PALAcE.-lt is
about settled that the American Institute will
purchase the Crystal Palace They have
offered 500 900, and $4,000 is asked
Of course this 100000 is in addition to a
mortgage of 5000 and debts of 81 10000
making in the aggregate S305.0oo. If
otherwise, then there must have been a
compromise with the creditors,
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26
State Courts rs. U. S. Supreme Court.


The attention of our citizens was recently
called to the decision Of Judge Monson in
GIen's case, where an appeal was asked to
the U. S. District Court, and denied. Our
attention has been called TO the case of
Alfred Stunt VS. The Steamboat Ohio, dec-
ded in the District Court, Hamilton, Ohio,
in the month of April last, and reported in
the Lar Register of November and Decem-
Der. The following is the substance of the
decision made by Mr.. Justice BARLEY:
!. The provision of the Constitution Of the
United States expressly comforting appellate
jurisdiction on the Supreme Court, does not
authorize the exercise of appellate power by
that tribunal over the State Courts, but ex-
tends simply to appeals from the subordinate
federal courts.
.. There is no provision in the Constitu-
ton, from which a supervising power in the
Supreme Court of the United States over the
State Courts. can be derived by way of an
cident or implication
8 The Supreme Court Of the United States
has not been constituted the exclusive tribu-
nal of last resort to determine all contro-
verses in relation to conflicts of authority be-
tween the federal government and the seve-
raj States of the Union.
t. The State courts and the federal courts
are co-ordinate tribunals, having concurrent
jurisdiction in numerous cases, but neither
having a supervising power over the other;
and where the jurisdiction is concurrent, the
decision of that court, or rather, of the courts
of that judicial system in which the jurisdic-
ton first attaches, is final and conclusive as
to the parties.
1t will be remembered that Judge Murray
and ueydenteldt, Of our supreme Court,
made Il similar decision in the Gordon case
FoREcLosURE.-Judge Monson decided in
the District Court, in the case Of loe as. Har-
rold, that Il party cannot toreclose mort
gage in the District Court against the estate
of a deceased person, when the debt has been
allowed by the administrator. The Court
held that under the Constitution the Probate
Court has exclusive jurisdiction in all
matters Of the estate of deceased persons,
and therefore, that if a party seek the fore
closure of mortgage, he must apply to the
Probate Court for an order of SALE
Sac. Union.
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26
FOR ADVERT1S NG:

One SQUARE Of TEN LINES, or more than five, first
insert on $500; each subsequent insert on. Sl,5O.
For half square Of FIVE LINES or less, $500; each
subseqlent insertion Sl,OO.
Iv Liberal deductions made to monthly adver-
tisers.
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26

ADVENTURE WITH SWORDFIsH - tn
Tuesday last Capt Heman Elbridge of the
yacht Thorn, accompanied by a party of
gentlemen, consisting of Mr. Joseph F. Davis
Of Boston, Charles T. Burgin Of flhiladel phia
Samuel Lawrence, Joseph IIayett and James
w. Coffin Of Worchester, started from this
pace on swordfsh excursion the south
side of Muskeget. They succeeded in making
fast to one large fellow, and hauled the boat
up to him to cut off his sword, but owing 10
the struggles Of the fish, the spade struck his
body and cut out the iron which held him.
Maddened by pain the cnraged fish retreated
some distance, and then turning made for
the boat with prodigious violence, making
the water foam around him. Just before
reaching her Capt. Eldridge threw an iron
at him, which struck him, and served to
check his headway so much that he struck
the boat but lightly, his sword going through
bnt few inches and breaking off. Had the
the iron missed the boat must inevitably
have been stove, and all on board left at the
mercy Of the waves several miles from land,
with no other boat in sight. The fish was
finally secured, and the gentlemen of the
party, though thoroughly frightened, were
ready the next day for sharking excursion
with Capt Eldridge in his beautiful yacht,
when they succeeded in hooking eight or ten
of these voracious monsters, but only two of
them, one OF whch--a ground shark
measured eleven, and the other blue dog,
ten feet in length.-Nantachet Mirror
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26
AGENTS.

W. B. H. DODSON. Sacramento City, at the State
Journal Office, on X Street.
Thomas BoYcE San Francisco. No. 81, Merchant
street.
WELLS. FARGO & CO., and the PACIFIC
EXPRESS CO. are our General Agents for Placer
County:. Advertisements Job Work or Subscrip-
tons to the Herald, left at either of their offices
,,iu ,n nromnilY Forwarded to US.
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26
TERMS:

Subscriptions invariably in advance. For one
year, 500; six months 81 90; three months $3.50;
ono mouth 81 90; single copies, twenty five cents.
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26
JOB PRINT NC.

Large additions have recently been made to the
Job Office, and work Of all descriptions Will be
executed in a superior manner
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26

THE CITY OF PARIS, during the past year,
has paid about .one million of dollars for
repairing and laying down new pavement,
and for matters relating to- the highways.
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26

A lead mine has been discovered in the
immediate neighborhood of the coal mine, in
the coast range The ore yields 90 per cent
of metal. So says the Stockton Republican.
The Placer herald., 1856-01-26
THE PLACER HERALD.

PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY. AT THE OFFICE,
Main Street, Auburn, CAL, cat the old stand,) by
MITCHELL Il ANDERSON.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-12-30
NETWORK DAILY TRIBUNE, TUESDAY DECEMBEk 30, 1856
BEAUTIFUL GIFT-BOOK
RECORDS OF THE HEART,
AND OTHER POEMS.

AssA LENis.
This truly elegant volume very appropriately dediosec
ITO Ans ricsn painters ana eussvers have etered
in Ihs s of se paS.s~ u. respect
S, eoS Gepd.Se E,t Cheney Huntington Ro.d
6h,Ps B5os s fnd P PfsS and Sp Se
s,sver. have employed to Md 70 the o. ,ns
volume .. ssl' P Ts" o Ad Rssery and Tue
kc.Pe .upsbs e.s9is o%o III .ae mso
n The Portrait the Author 10 perhaps in some degree
an ,v ,hs suho features II scis refine
en .piruy which poetic genius ever stamps upon
the se.s Record Of Heart. .r Poems needed
other attractions than their own intrinsic %en
though other s.ts had their aid Her verse ehrns
our symp.tRes by the depth and truth Of hear.
Ing. Some poems in this volume indeed display
ont s occssona fault Of the compression Of thought the
expense Of rby fault however unusual at the present.
de.d perhaps orche Of earnest though. AID tn:
Of h RSs SS and
have great s ss Of ss
"'wbiIom closed the portal Of my heart,
And said " no guest shalt ever enter more;'
But late thou contest srsppins TO the door
SO heavily, It jsrIng swung apart,
And In thou salliedst Ike e conqueror.
Wi manner that bespoke the realm thine own,
Dd'n take thy seat on its deserted throne
Al d strsIshtway, with no trenor born OF fear.
Bsgan.t inaugural discourse on love
caught my breath and strove to say Depart
But lip and tongue alike refused to move,
And though thy usurpation tnen did grove me-
IT would well nigh XII nov thou shorldst leave me-
1--WE ooDErsulse the lovers Of true poetry on the pubcs
ton Of volume in style truly elegant that 1t equaed
BY few books Of this season 1t pure diamond In beau
tiiul cssket." ICommercI Asverusel.
these poems are long and ambitious compo.itions; and
udsrg the point where they should be judged they
are decided There certainly no other woman In
America who could rave written them Their rhythm has
strength almost msscune-often reminding one OF Byrons
vigorous ssDz Nor s Mrs Lewis lacking In honeylnked
words Her at times as soft - an Italian sunset
IHorne Journal.
"The volume Is richly bound and superby illustrated sed
one of the pictures IL s the charmos portrait BY FL
lott Of the fair author Mr Lewis has been called the Amer
lean Ssppbo and Edssr Poe who much lavish
noets of America IN. Y. Daily Times.
ID. APPLETON Co,
Nos. 346 and S4s Broadway, NeW-York.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-12-30
Amusements.

AURA KEENE's Il II 7 K Z. -
~ No. 6A Broadway, near Houstonst
Doom open 81 O'Clock; the Performance viii commence
with the Overture at O'Clock
Admission-Dess Circle and Psrquet, 50 cents Balcony
Seats rs Family Circle Is cents Orchestra 5tAls
each Private Boxes sc and $s Box Once open from till
o'clock. -
IMMENSE SUCCESS.
HOLIDAY WEEK -
EXTRAORDINARY ATTRACTIONS.
Fourth rsht Of the reproduction OF the great drama in five
acts originally represented by Miss Laura Keene Company IN
this city with the most
TRIUMPHANT SUCCESS.
THE MARBLE liz ART.
Second Might of q New Farce.
Or TUESDAY EVENING. Dec 80, 1856,
THE MARBLE HEART
Supported by Me.srs O. jordan, C. wheatieh T.B John
sten Smith Aleyne Hayes, Hsceurt Miss Lsur. Ke.ne
Mrs T. B: Johnston. Misses Aleyns, Howell, Gay j. MaH
ners, and Mrs H. p. 6rstaD.
During the evening Overtues National Airs the celebrated
fRAvIATA WALTZ aud IRISH QUADRILLES.
To conclude for the second time in this country with
amusing fsrce, a -
Supported by Messrs Burnett, C. Wheaesh. I. g. John
ston StoddaIt Mssdaes H. p. GraAn AMI Stodd and
Miss c. Jefferson.