The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1856-12-03


hundred ana forty four .thousstd dcgan great
Ehss 81 the ysI snsns !s 9 50 isss
Soljsrs n % IS stributsd 70 the addtosa
lion Allowed postmastsrs By the aet Of Congress Of
June u, 1854 me mail fscihHssi IL svsry psr u the
S a,: ss:s :s
ting TO ssven thousand nine hundred end sisht miles,
has sdded lsrssly to the cost Of trsnsports Ion.
the Tsss Office Department under the rsdnesd rates
Of possass. and ts inersssips expenditures, must,
for the present. make Il dependent TO ssms extent
upon the treasury for support The Recommendations
Of the Pos,msstsr Geasrs in relatios to tho sbol-
ton Of the frank ing privilege and bis views on The
establishment Of mail steamship lines deserve ths
confederation Of Congress- also call the special At
tention OF Congress to the statement OF the fost-
ms-r General respecting the sums now PAID Tor the
transportation of mails to the Pansma raroad COM
psny and commend to their early and favorable con-
sideration the AuesesioDs OF that officer In relation
to contracts for mail trsnspo tstions upon that
rQu.s and so upon the Tehauntepsc and hicsrasus
routes.
This United States continue In the enjoyment Of
amcsbe relations with all foreign powers
When my last annual message transmitted to
Congress- two subjects OF controversy, relating
to the enlistment Of soldiers in this country for for.
eisn . ryice, and the other to Central Amsrica,
threatened to disturb good understanding between
the United States and Great Britain. OF the pro-
sress and to. imitation of the former question you
were informed ct the time; and the other 10 now in
the way o. satisfactory adjustment.
Tho objsct of the convention between the United
States and Crest Britain OF the 18th of April 1850,
to secure for the benefit OF all nations the neu-
traty and the Of any transit way, or in-
ter oceanic communication, across fhel thmus of
Psusms, which might be opened within tn limits of
Central America The Pretension subsequently as
serted by Great Britain to dominion control over
territories In two of the routes those OF Mic
| arasus and Honduras, were deemed BY the United
States, not merely incompatible with the main sb
ject Of the treaty, but opposed even TO 1 express
stiputatons. Occasion OF controversy on this point
has been removed by an additional treaty, which
min hsar Ind d ~ Wi
Immediately submitted to the Senate for fts consid
Grafton Should the proposed supplemental arrange,
by it, the objects contemplated by the original con-
vention will have been fully attained
The treaty between the U: st.t,s and Great Bri-
tain, of the 9Th of june 1854, which went into opera
ton in 1885, put end to ofrritation between
the two countries, by securing to the states the
| right Of fishery on the coast Of the British North
enjoyed by British subjects Besides the signal ben
ets of this treaty to large class of our citizens en-
gagged in pursuit connected to no uncomfortable de-
with our nation prosperity and strength 1t has
had favorable effect upon other interests in the pro-
vision it made for reciprocal freedom OF trade be-
tween tn, States and the British provinces in Anne
The exports of domestic articles to thos. provinces
during the last amounted to more than twenty
two NJ ons OF dollars, exceeding those of the pre-
ceding by nearly seven millions of dollars and
| the imports therefrom, during the same period
amounted to more than twenty-one milions-a an in
crease of six millions upon thoie of the previous
yer.
The improved condition of this branch of our com.
merce is mainly attributable to the abovemeL toned
treaty.
Provision was made in the first article Of that trea
ty, for commission to designate the mouths OF rivers
to which tho common right of fishery on the coast of
the United States and the British Provinces was not
| to extend. This commssion has been employed a
part of two seasons but without much progress in
accomplishing the object for which it Instituted,
in nsscuence of serious difference of opinion be-
tween the commissioners, not only to the precise
point where the rivers terminate but in lnstan-
constitutes These
however, may be overcome by resort to the umpirags
provided for by the treaty.
The efforts perssve rngiy prosecuted since the
commencement of my standardization, to relieve our
trade to the Baltic from the exacion Of sound dues
cess. Other governments have also sought to obtain
. like re lief to their commerce, md Denmark was
thus induced to propose an arrangement to all the
European Power, interested in the subject and the
manner in which her proposition received, war
rsntng her to believe that satisfactory arrangement
with them could soon be concluded, she made q
| strong appeal to this government flor temporary
suspension of definite action it's part, in conside-
ration OF the embarrassment which might result TO
ment of the question with the United states This
request has been acceded to- upon the condition tina.
the collected after the 10th of June last, and
until tho 18th of June next from vessels and cargses
belonging to merchants. to be considered as
paid under protest and to future Adjustment
There reason to believe that arrangement, be.
tween Denmark aad the maritime powers of Europe
ON the subject will be soon uded and that the
pending negotiation with tho United States may then
be resumed and terminated in asatisfactoIy manner
With Spain difficulties have arisen, nor
has much progress been made In the adjustment of
| pending ones
Nsgo iations entered into for the purpose of re-.
levins our commercial intercourse with the Island
OF Cub. of some of its burdens and providing fer
the more speedy settlement of local disputes grow
out OF that have not yet been atten
ded with any results
| Soon after the commencement of tho late in
Europe, this government submitted to the conside
ration of all martha nations two pIinc for the
security of neutral com one, that The n.utra
flag should cover mics goods except articles
rraband of war and the other that neutral proper,y
on board merchant vessels of belligerents should be
exempt from condemnation, with the exception of
| contrsbapd articles These were rot presented a.
new rules of international law; having been gene
rally claimed by nsutraIs, though not always admit
ted by belligerents One of the parties to the
Russia-As we'll as several neutral powers promptly
accedtd to these proportions; and the tive othe
principal beIigerents, Great Britain and France,
having consented to observe them for the present
cssioh, favorable opportunity seemed to be pre-.
sented for obtaining general recognition of them
| both in Europe and America
But Great B.iian aud France, in common with
most of the sta es of Europe ~hile fOrbearing to
ect, did not airmatively act upon the of
| the United States
While the question was in this po,ition the rep
resentstives of Russia France, Great Britain Aus.
tria Prussia, Sardinia and Turkey, assembled at Pa
ris. took into consideration the subject Of martini.
rights, and put forth declaration containing the
| mttsd, nearly two years before, to tbs consid.
| GRAFTON of maotime powers end adding thereto
| the following propositions: "PIivateerins 10 and
| and remtins abolished" aud .'B,ockades, in or
! der to be binding. must be effective that 10 to
say, msintained by force. sui sent really to
access to the coast of the enemy; and the dscs-
ration thus composed Of four points. two of which
had already been proposed by the United States this
government has been invited to sccede BY all the
powers represented at Paris except Great Britain
and Turkey To the last of the two additional pro.
petitions that in relation to blockades there can
certainly be objection. 1t is merely the definition
OF what shall constitute the efectus investment of
bloskaded place, defuition for which this govern.
ment has always conteDdad, claiming indemnity FOR
losses where practical violation of rule thus
hned mss been injurious to commerce. As to tt Q
remaining article of the declaration of the COME
enee OF Paris, that privateerng and remains abol.
ish'd certainly cannot ascrbe to powers re
resented in the conference of Paris any but be al
and phanthropc views in the attempt to change the
| unqusstionable rule of maritime law in regard
Prlvateering. Their proposition doubtless it,
tended to imply approval Of the principle that priva
property upon the ocean, although might belong to
the citizens of beligerent State should be exempt
ed from capture and had that proposition been
framed as to give fpil effect to the prinepe it would
have received my ready assent on behalf OF the Uni
ted States But the measure proposed 10 inadequate
to that purpose 1t 10 true that IT adopted private
PROF erty upon the ocean would be withdrawn from
| one mode of plumber, but Lett exposed, anwhile
to another mode whsh could be used with increased
| eHcek Tha essjv uneitv nf