davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1856-10-11
Autumn Tree Planting.
The causes of failure are few and 1

/ The causes Of failure are few, and easily
avoided; the chief cause is want Of pro-
lection to the stem, from being swayed
about by the winds; loosening the roots,
and opening cracks to the Introduction of
severe freezing, which causes their death.
10 avoid this,after the tree is we'll planted
with the roots and fibers in their natural
position, and the surface pressed firmly
with the foot, raise mound about foot
high around the stem, to remain until
growth commences in the spring, when it
should be removed and its place occupied
by coat Of straw or coarse manure null
ching. The mound will protect the stem
from being swayed during winter thaws by
winds, and thus preserve the roots from
rupture and frost. :
A stake, with straw bandages attaching
the tree firmly to twill prove an addition
al security in case Of placing large trees;
but if stakes are not convenient,an increase
Of the size Of the mound to correspond
with The size Of the tree will be found am
pie security; and if in case Of deep tllaw
ing during winter, the stems are examined
before returning frost, and all funnel
shaped cavities around them promptly FL
led.
Another cause of failure is planting too.
late in Autumn, without pressing the soil
firmly against every root and fiber,at pc
Rod when proper settling Of the soil is
prevented by frost and dryness to prevent
the evils resulting from this cause use an
abundance Of water among the roots, and
be careful to fill every cavity, pressing the
earth firmly with the hand under and
among all the roots, large and small
Very late planting should if possible be a
voided, but may with proper care be rem
dered perfectly safe. We planted late in
n evenber last, twenty-five large sized ap-
pie trees, all except one have done well,
that one being winter killed above the
snow line, but the root not injured.
Added to the foregoing causes, may be
named the planting tender varieties; none
but the most hardy should be planted in
Autumn.
All varieties should if possible be taken
from the Nursery in the fall, and those not
planted, secured under ground in dry
place, and set cut as soon as the frost will
permit in the spring. ~
Late spring planting is the most unsafe
of all, as many farmers who have the expe-
rience Of the last two or three seasons can
Trees planted after the
foliage is out, or when nearly out will
seldom live through dry May,and early
June.
The season for autumn planting COM
lnences with the first severe October frost
and ends with the freezing Of the ground
here (Lat. 43o) from the 18th of October
tettne 18TH CT 20th of NoYernber, usually.
Iffemoyed early the leaves should be strip
ped off, leaving a lew at the end Of each
twig.
If the Nursery is near or within days
drive and they are designed for winter bury
ing, November is the best month, the
leaves having then mostly fallen North
western Farmer.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1856-10-11
what Bancroft, the Historian,
Thinks of FrerraOnt's Prospect
in Illinois and Indiana.

The Washington correspondent of the
IN. Y. Courier and Enquirer, of the 18th
ult, gives the opinion Of the historian, Ban
croft, as to how the election will go in HI
inois aud Indiana. Here it is:
Now, as to the great battlefields Of the
Wel. Indiana and Illinois-what is the
evidence upon the prospect of the fight
there. I hear from friend in New York,
that Hon. George Bancroft, a Buchaner,
of great fame as an historian and politician,
has Just returned from a tour through that
part of the country, and reports that it is
in a flame of excitement, IN which indig-
nation, on account Of the diaboical crimes
against the people of Kansas, and enthu-
siasln for Fremont and the Republicans,
are blended in common sentiment. be-
fore the intensity Of this feeling, Buchan-
anism is swept like a stubble before the
fire. In fact, notwithstanding the absurd
Dragging Of Col. Richardson and Judge
Douglas, there is not man on our side
who now doubts that Bissell and Fremont
will carry Illinois by 10000 majority
Democracy isssinply extinguished in all
its strongholds in the North part Of the
State.
AS to Indiana, there seems to be q. gen
eral fusion between me honest Democrats,
the Republicans and Americans, upon Col
Fremont, and the candidates representing|
his marty. In this latter State the disgust
Of the people for the thing nov called De-
mocracy-that monster formed of lies, and
whose horrid jaws even now drop calamity
and war over land 50 lately peaceful and
nrosperous-is all but unanimous. 1t isl
the firm conviction Of many engaged IN
campaign there, that the Bright and Doug,
las faction will be totally abolished, and
win not elect anything, nor leave bubble
ION the surface to mark the spot where
they 60 down.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1856-10-11
TEse swamp Lands Esial.

The Madison Patriot gives the following
on the gist Of the Smamp Land Bill which
has passed one branch Of the Legislature:
The Bill provides for confirming the
rights of pre-emptors, allowing such as
have claims, to prove up and enter the
lands, at 1925 per acre, the lands not pre-
empted to be sold at Public sale TO the
highest bidder under rules and regulations
similar to those governing the .. S. Land
Office. The avails Of such sales to be CIV
en- thrce-fourlhs to the School Fund, and
one-fourth to the town in which such lands
lie, to be expended by the town in which
such lands lie, TO be expended by the town
in draining all the swamp land within It's
limits.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1856-10-11


A MERCHANTS CLERK AND THE PLOUGH
BoY.-The young man who leaves the
farm field for the merchants desk or the
doctors office, thinking 10 dignity orenno-
Die bis toll, makes a sad mistake. He pas
SEES, by that step, from independence to
vassalage. He bartefs a natural for an ar
tiicial pursuit, and he must be the slave OF
the caprice of customers and the chicane Of
trade, either to support himself, or to ac-
quire fortune. The more artificial
mans pursuit, the more debasiug is it NOR
ally and physically. TO test it, contrast
the merchants clerk with the plow hoy
The former may have the most exterior
polish, but the latter, under his rough out
side, possesses the truer stamina. He is
the freer, franker, happier and nobler man.
Would that young mon might judge Of the
dignity Of labor by its usefulness and MANI
illness, rather than by the superficial gloss
es it wears. Therefore we never see
mans nobility in his kid gloves and toilet
adornments, but in that sinewy arm, whose
outline, Drowned by the sun, betoken a
hardy, honest toilet under whose farmers
or mechanics vest the kingliest heart may
beat Hunts Magazine.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1856-10-11

THE NOBILITY IN THE HARVEST FIELD.
An English country paper says that band
Of aristocratic haymakers was recently I'M
ported from the regions Of Belgravia to the
classic grounds of AIMS Hill, formerly the
residence of Mr.. Fox, now Of Lord Hol-
land. There being scarcity Of field la
Dor in the district, Lord Hollands friends
and neighbors volunteered to come and
give a days haylnaking. Among the par
ty was Lord John Russell, the Earl Of CLAIR
endon. and several Others Of the highest
rank Of both sexes. The experiment, it is
said. was a most successful one; the aris-
tocratic laborers handling the scythe and
the rake with great effect.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1856-10-11

AGRIcULTuRAL IDEAs.--A correspoh-
dent Of the New England Farmer says; -
Pumpkin seeds should not be fed to mich
COWS, unless you wish them to decrease in
milk. A gentleman in this vicinity has
tried it, believes it, and would have made
it known earlier, but for fear of ridicule.
A close chamber is better place to keep
apples than cellar. Apples bear freezing
once without injury, if they are not han
died till thawed. Linen cloth laid on or
around apples, prevents injury from freez-
ing. Apples have been found in good or
der in the spring, that have lain in barrels
under the trees all winter. Roxbury Rus
sets are considered the longest keepers.
Gathering fruit from the apple and cur
rant trees, when green, or before they are
fully ripe, makes them more prolific the
following year.
Trees designed for clayey soils, do best
when transplanted in the spring.
Currants bear in three years from cut
tings. Apples bear in ten or fifteen years
from seed, usually in about twelve years.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1856-10-11
The PEN AND THE RIFLE.-The Kar

The Pen AND THE RIFLE.-The Kan
sas Tribune, the only Free State paper In
the territory, Of September 18th, has come
to land. 1t contains the following apollo
gy for its irregular appearance:
The publication of this number of the
Tribune has been delayed until to-day in
consequence Of our absence, having been
in the field for the last ten days with the
army Of Freemen, performing our duty to
ourselves and our country. There will be
no paper issued from the office until oul
troubles shall have been settled, as the
roads are blockaded so that we can get nc
paper and also for the reason that we can
get no paper and also for the reason that
we shall again take the field Immediately
on the issuing Of this number; every Free
State arm in Kansas, which is able to car
ny rifle being needed to drive from our
midst an armed horde of merciless inva-
ders, who are making their tracks though
our lard by the blood Of our innocent cit
liens. When peace shall again smile up
on unfortunate Kansas, we shall again ex-
change the rifle for the pen, and resume
the publication Of the Tribune.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1856-10-11

have ventured to assume such responsiDll
lin the premises, as the importance of their
trust seemed to demand Although from all
the information which the people gathered
from this source, they may have suspected
that even the Legislature has sometimes mani
/ Tested s.reckless disregard for these funds Of
which we may and do justly feel prond,o and
which they as the watchful guardians Of the
rising generation should have carefully pro-
/ ected, vet Notwithstanding this neglect it
would have been gratifying to be able to be-
lieve from all the official reports connected
with these funds, no evidence exists that a
dollar has ever been lost or squandered wha t
lever may have been the suspicion or charge toll
the contrary,o and "that the fund granted for
the purpose Of ensuring the lasting establish
ment of our common school system is steadily
working the beneficial results intended"
But your Committee are compelled to say
that the result Of this investigation shows that
there is no foundation for such hopes or belief.
Tens ofthousands of dollars of this fund have
been enbezzIed and hundreds Of thousands
nlost and squandered,1 whatever may have
been the hope Of every citizen o. this state
who loves the sacred cause Of educasion,to the 4
contrary. Criminal negligence, wanton reck-
lessness and utter disregard Tor the most re-
sponsible duties which could be imposed upon
man. alone have distinguished the manage
mSnt OF the luilu. IL 10 q ihCtdiiCiiuiJ iSlA~~-
ton that this great wrong, thus inflicted upon
the best and highest interests of the state, does
not end with the mere pecuniary loss to the
school fund, but that it goes farther, and in
ficts deadly blow upon the confidence Of the
people in those in whom they have confided
and to whom they have entrusted their dearest
interests. 1t goes even beyonl this, and be-
comes o double crime, for its direct tendency |
IS to undermine and destroy the confidence Of
the people in representative government
Once destroy that confidence, and all free gov
ernment is at an end.
The corruption which such state of things
engenders, if suffered to continue, will be felt
in our halls Of Legislation, and will soon reach
the people. until general depravity of public
sentiment will be the result, and the great and
true end of government, the moral and intel
lectual progress Of men--will be lost sight of
in the conflict of personal Interests which /
would ensue.
d. TAYLOR,
P. H. SMITH, nrtba sana.a
ID. WORTHINGTON, = ~ 0s''
JOHN II. POTTER,
VIM. HULL,
A. GREULlCH, }Of the~Assembly.I
H. III. GRAY
CHAS. BUCHARD.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1856-10-11
Making a total of %, 305

The total amount Of the School Fund on the
first day of January 1856 was, two millions
forty SIX thousand three hundred seventy one
|5-100 dollars ($2 ,04o, 1881 ,05-10o) as per re-
port of the School Commissioners. The num-
Der of acres exclusive of the 10th Section sold
IN to that time was hundred seventy six
thousand seven hnpdred ninety five $4,000 be-
ing about 743 Sections. The whole number OF
the 10th Section in the State as estlma-
ted by the Superintendent Of Public instruction
in his report for the year 1851, was l523.-
Deducting from this the number sold and we
have 1856, Sections unsold, which at the aver
age prices realized from those heretofore sold
Will bring seven hundred thirty eight thous-
and dollars (73S,000) Adding this to the
amount of the fund as it stood in January last
we have a total of two millions seven hundred
eighty four thousand dollars ($2, 7S4,00O.) -
This falls short of the estimate made IN the re-
port of the Superintendent, before, alluded TO,
which was at that time considered low
one. of two millions five hundred and eight
cen thousand dollars, (S2,5l8,0 00.)
There is no question but that under JudIci-
Gus, careful and prudent management our
School Fund would have been double what II
IS. The people Of the State have expected and
had right to expect, that the revenue belong
ing to this fund would be carefully husbanded.
They have been led to believe from the mes
sages Of the Executive, that there was evil
dence Of energy and fidelIty'' in the manage
ment of the educational funds Of the State,
ethat those having charge OF this great and sa-
cred interest have been actuated and governed
|by "sense Of iustice'' and by high regard for
1.-The duty attending upon their positions, and
THAT they have sometimes even gone beyond
THE strict line of duty, actuated by their zeal
for the welfare Of the rising generation, and
Squatter sovereign., 1856-07-01
Summers spseeh.

We would not s,aiI. CIR colurrns w;,h
vile efusioA OF Ibis coo s..iIy fanatic -.
we give al exirac; Ie!9sy TO show he -
vocation winch bfoagk, efoa him tie r..
iisemela under wLiei, LIE lied hov.;ncs
to use his own classic language
come again npen the Senate, e,,.
South Carolina. air. Butler, Nlc Omn;
present In this debate, eseifio,ed -,
rage at the simple suggestion that E,ns%al
had applied for admission as S;ate. or5
with ipcohereni phrases, discharged n.
loose expec;ofaiion Of his speech, now uno,
her representative. then upon her peotls
There was 30 extTavagance Of The anc;Fn,
Parliamentary Gsbs.e wiIici, he did not 70.
peat; nor was there any possible deyis-
ion from truth which be did net mako
with so much of passion, AZ, glad TO ada
as to save him from the suspicion of in,en'
,iosai aberration. Bat the Senator touch.
es neshing which he does 10; disfigure-
with error. sometimes of principle, some.
times OF fact he shows an incapaciiy Of
accuracy whether in stating the Consii,u.
lion or in s:ntiag the law, whether in the
details of statistics CT the divisions OF
scholarship. fie canno, open his mouth
but out there flies biunder.
But j. is against The PEOPLE of Kansas
that the sensibilities OF the Senator are par
ticularly aroused. Coming, as he an
nounces, ..irom 4 S,ate"-aye, sir, from
South CaroEna-iie turns with lordly df-s,
gus. from this newly-formed community.
which he viii not recognize even as a .body
polite. Pray, sir, by whar title does be
indulge m this egoiisIn7 Has he read the
history OF 1.-The State' he repfesentsz He
cannot surely have forgotten its shameful
nnteciiIty from Slavery, Confessed through
out the Revolution, followed by its more
shameful assumptions for Slavery since
fie cannot have forgotten is wretched per.
sistence III the slave trade as the very ap-
pie OF lis eye, and the condition OF It's par.
iicipa;Ion III the Union.
He cannot have forgotten It's Cons,iiu.
ton, which is republican only in name,
confirming power IN the hands of the few.
and founding the qualifications of its legis-
li.;ors on "a settled freehold estate and ten
negroes" And yet the Senator, TO vi on
tI.at "Staie" has in Part committed the
guardianship oi is good name. instead OF
moving. with backm ard tTeadiDg stops, 10
cover lis nakedneas. rEsiles forward, in the
very ecstasy o. madness, 10 expose il by
provoking 4 comparison with Kansas.
Already in Lawrence alone there are
newspap pers and schools. including Iiiga
School, and throughout this infant Terri
tory there is mere nature scholarship far. in
proportion 70 lis ;;ihabliaD Dts. than "a al
South Carolina. Ah, sir. tell tie Scaa-
tor that Kansas welcomed as a free State,
Will be ''ministering angel 10 tie Re-
public, when South Carolina, III the cloak
OF darkness which she hugs, ''lics howl
ing"
Squatter sovereign., 1856-07-01
I'm time of Peace Prepare for War
OF Aeatasck

I'm time of Peace Prepare for War"
Row that the Territory is comparativc-
EY quiet, the Law end Order party should
Lot be led TO think that this state OF affairs
will be permitted 20 las: any length of time.
Already rrTnors are current, ami said TO
hc welt founded, that large bodies of abo-
ihionists, from Wisconsin, Illinois and
Michigan, are congregating in the upper
part of the Territory, under the lead of
The traitor Lane. Their clject is openly
proclaimed TO be the establishments OF a
new government in Kansas, and the pus,.
Isiiment Of all citizens who have hereto
lore assisted in enforcing Tie Territorial
laws. How soon this Revolutionary move.
ment Will again be set on foot we arc no,
able to say, but it does seem to US, in Yiew
OF the existing state OF affairs in tie Ter
r.tory, that we should be prepared 70 take
up our arms in defence OF the laws =. =
moments notice. We should have our
horses saadlcd and bridled. our guns in
good trim. with ammunition in our cartridge
boxes, and the determination in our minds
10 su8DuE TIE roe rIzAT rEarA~rSs Us.
OR DIE ~ THE ATTEMPT.. We hope
eaclp Individual citizen will Iced CIR adj
vice, AMI Be really, if necessary. to start
tomorrow 10 drive these onllaws ont OF
kansas. :. is eviden, that two govern
ueats canAct exist al one tc.c Anarchy
ano cct.usicn will he tie rule or the dav,
So 'c.g IS such AN experiment is te;ng nt-
.cmptt !, AID all those who desire e speedy
III p.rn.a aent peace in Kausas, must
'her'ac.scs take the field against these Out
lsv-s, who have caused this state Of affairs
IN u, Territory. The Law and Order
party oi Kansas must submit 10 bc made
va sails and slaves, anl crouch TO the dicta-
tols OF the North, or take up arms and
fig: fof their rights. The time to choose
Ictween two alte. mattress is at hand: Do
we hesitate? No! with the consciousness
that we are in TIE right, we can enter into
this war, however bloody it may be, and
strike at our oppressors until the last ves-
tage of atoli,ionsnl is wiped out of Kan
sas. We now give the order to '' .Mcu1d-
ar arms :"
Squatter sovereign., 1856-07-01
reception at Baltimore. in most eloquent
speech. Mr.. Buchanan said:

SpGcCils DUCEdQdu
.In an age of religious bigotry and IN
tolerance. Lord Baltimore was the frs;
legislator who proclaimed the sacred rights
of conscience ard established for the gov
ernulent OF his colony the principle, not
merely of toleration. but perfect religious
freedom and equality among all sects OF
Christians. He was in advance OF the
age, but he became the precursor of prin-
clpie which though ii has yet made but lit
tie progress mong the nations. beyond
the limits OF our own favored land, is des-
tined in the end TO prevail throughout
Christendom. Inthe language Of our own
great historian. religious liberty otsllned
a home, It's only home in the wide world,
at the tumble village which bore the name
of St. Mary's. This is glory which be-
longs TO MARYLAND and will Distinguish
her throughout all future generations.
Such is brief outline Of the public SER
vices Of bfr. Buchanan. After the with
drawaI Of all his competitors for the Pres
idency, it must be acknowledged by all
that no filter candidate could be selected.
His well known qualifications. his undevi-
ating adherence to Democratic principles,
and consunate craftsmanship, point him
out as the MAN for the time and the occa-
sion.
We do not exaggerate when we say
that ohm C. Breckenridge is the most pop
uiar man of his age in the Union. Added
10 those personal graces which have made
him peculiar favorite with the people of
his native State. Kentucky, lie has COM
bined talent of the highest order. No man
ever won fame SO rapidly for the short
time he has been in public life. In 1861
he was elected by a large majority over
one of the ablest politicians. in the State.
the Hon. Leslie Combs. to represent the
old Ashland district in Congress. Al the
next election, Ex-Gov. Letchcr. one of the
most popular and talented men Of Ken
tucky, was brought forward for the express
purpose Of reinstating the Ashland dis
tric.. Thousands OF dollars were said to
have been sent from other States tc aid in
his defeat, such was the anexiety of the
opposition to wrest Mr.. Cay's old district
from his control. There never was, per-
haps, a Congressional election of equal
excitement end interest. Breckenridge
again sriamphed over all opposition. and
we believe BY an increased majority. In
the very noon of life, bis mind and ener-
gies are fully developed for the greatest
usefulness.
Squatter sovereign., 1856-07-01
Editorial LAeting.

As there are now five or six papers in
the Territory, and there seems 10 be no
regular prices for advertising. &c., among
the printers, we think it expedient that tile
editors hold a convention aud have some
understanding among themselves. The
prices by soIue Of the presses are below
living rates, and tie papers cannot be sus-
tanned at such low charges. Every item
necessary 10 keep up Il printing office costs
more ia kan>as than in Missouri, still the
papers here have taken those over river as
sImples. This will not do, and we enter
our protest, and wish the editors 10 meet
a,ad have some fair platform and all stand
upon il. We suggest Leayenwor;h as the
place OF meeting. What say you, brother
typoes g.
The above suggestion meets cur appro-
val, and ihe sooner the meeting referred
20 comes off the better we shalt be pleased
We have been unable TO ascertain tie
reason that our journalists in Kansas have
been so Blinded 10 their own interests as
10 attempt to compete with papsrs publish
ed in Missouri. Every one knows thai
the Kansas papers have a much largeI
circulation than the Missouri journals
many Of which are seldom seen out oi
the county in. which tliey are published.
And further, the expenses attenaan, upon
the publication Of a paper in Kansas, are
much heavier than IN any other portion c!
TIE Union. We think j, q daty We owe
yourselves to gather together, AID, If pos
sibls, establish such rates fer Our services
tLat VII. enable US to live. AMI at :ile same
tine Be DONG oar patrons 10 injustice. We
should ee rieassd to hear from our neigh
bors in senworth City and Kickapoo on
he sucje,..