The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1856-04-19

SO appropriate and that to this day he Is
held in grateful remembrance by all the old pioneers then
In that portion of the country In June 1881, Iowa
opened TO citizens and the industrious miners and farm
ers were invited 10 try their fortunes In the region.
In few months the spot which stands the beaut-
fa and prosperous city of Dubuque and the hills
and valleys contained host of strong hardy and
prising men, The population, in three months from the
time the country opened to the settlers numbered two
or three thousand and yet sir these citizens dest
tute OF form OF government destitute of Judiciary,
destitute Of all law for the punishment Of crimes for the
regulation OF business between and man, what
they themselves made their necessities and circumstances
demanded and which they did make by and through their
right Of selfgovernment as community Of American cit
zens. esNN
On the approval or ratification the treaty with the
dans Congress had neglected to attach the ceded country
for judicial purposes to any adjoining State Territory
where Judiciary existed and the Judicial power
consequently refused to take cognizanee of crimes comm
ted in Iowa There were, that time bad and des-
perase men amo.g the people who believed that IN the aD
they could safely indulge their passions In their
quares they shed the blood good and peaceful citizens
and TO insure safety 10 the wedspoed and to punish the
criminal the people their inherent right SELF
They elected judges and the necessary officers
the The usual forms for the trial OF the
cused adhered to- the usual punishment awarded to the
wlful murderer administered and have yet
heard from person who was the
in those times opinion adverse TO the right of
the people do what they found necessary do for the
sake Of and security This state OF things continued
for two three yearswas known from end Of the
Union to the otherand yet the Congress of the United
States could not discover that had any to egsae
for the local Of the people of Iowa. and for the plain
reason as we may well suppose that the power could not
sentative had bound himself by oath support and that
was therefore among those powers which remained with
the people cannot be shown that Congress in
stance has imposed upon the people of Territory form
of government al their wishes their petitions
their interests On the contrary these forms have been
given in accordance with their wishes and often upon their
urgent petitions and always in aid OF the exercise Of that
very right of segovernment which my colleague denies
TO them. a H3ssg aa ts ..
would seem that every Congress which has been elect
ed since the adoption of the constitution has with single
exception avoided the assumption of the power to egate
for the local wants Of the people settled upon the territory
OF tho Union and 1t may also be safely maintained that
American citizen, residing in any of the Territories
sessed the power to regulate more than the dspo-
son OF the public lands and other public property within
the boundaries Of the Territory which be had Fixed his
residences he believed that Congress had the
to regulate him. to tax him for any local purpose
whaeyer pass laws for tho collection of debts for the
punishment Of offences for the building Of schoolhonses
1c Sc all power for the regulation Of these matters he
knows and feels to be in hinlsef-deposed left with
him by the constitution OF our common country. Even
the ordinance of 1881 the people residing in
the then extensive Territory of Michigan did not feel that
they deprived of any Of the benefits of rights which
they could have enjoyed from the most free exercise OF self
government which the constitution Of our country guar
antics. Practically they had all those benefits for the
governor and judges in whom lodged the legisla
wishes and wants Of the people in the adoption OF laws
and well satisfied they with their condition that
consider the eIpedeny Of entering into the second
grade of territorial government considerable majority
was found opposed to the measure When any provision
of law, found in the statutes Of any Of the States,
deemed by the people 10 be for their webeng
they imboded in petition and asked its adoption with
q certainty OF the success Of their application.
year or two after their first meeting the people again
assembled at Detroit to consider their form OF
debate occurred which extended to considerable
length upon the question whether they should should
proceed to elect legislative body without the inter
vsnen of Congress, without first nenorazing Con-
9r in "a % Ss spd on the
ground mainly, that BY obtaining organic act from
Congress the people Of bs Territory would avoid the ex
Pcnse of maintaining the Legislature burden which, Of
that time they did not feel willing to But as
well informed citizen who took part in the debate
questioned the right Of be people to proceed without the
my colleague the history OF Oregon for the purpose
Of showing him the faacy Of his opinions relative TO the
rights and powers Of American citizens In the Territories
of the Unon and how widely their views upon that sub
differ from his He will find that the citizens OF
that Territory had lawmaking power and the other at
tributes Of government for two three years before
they asked Of Congress organic But the records Of
Congress do not exhibit a resolution speech calling in
question this proceeding Of the people Of Oregon
Mr. President II Ii be true that American citizens are
deprived Of the right OF segovernment by becoming
residents in Territcriesf the constitution has with
held from Congress the power TO enact laws TO regulate
their internal local and domestic Affairs and has left that
power with the peoplethen the Kansas Nebraska act
just and law, whatever may be the result OF ~
passage the countryto the able and patriotic who
have taken the lead in bringing forward and supporting
its principles or 10 those may be their object
who have waged against IT, Having passed many
years Of my life in the Territories Of the Union long
adopted the principles of that act and cannot sufficiently
express my asionishment that colleague who has been
favored with opportunities 10 discover the mpractcabi,
not say impossbiy Of practical demonstration Of bis
doctrines against those principles should have deemed u
incumbent upon him TO present views TO this honorable
body hostile TO the spirit of free institutions and 30
much opposed the sentiments OF the liberal people OF the
State represent
Mr. President there s another topic upon which my coli
league deemed his doty 10 expatiae largely and ia do
ing SO msrepresened conceive the opinions and feel
ings Of large majority Of the people Of Iowa In la
argument he has prove and perhaps
has convinced himself that the negro have all the
physical and mental attributes OF the white and that
those attributes have only been depressed and remained
uneveoped by the long period OF servide to winch the
seems to have attained by careful examination Of
the negros physical characteristics and be has presented
several acts which be grounds bis belief OF the negros
qualities the existence OF which cannot be doubted
while their value evidences Of the mental capacity Of
the African may we'll be questioned. Ny colleague
has sscersned and he with all the gravity of full
conviction that the negro In with the white mas
loves food and 10 msscate III that he loves 10 smell
fragrant odors that he likes to touch things which give
him pleasure In touching that he likes to look besut
fu things and hear good music that the negro has love
hope fear and hate envy, jealousy, and revenge mem
ory Imagination and belief has love for his father,
brother and child has humanity, patriotism, and piety.
Now with a single exception il may be admitted that
the negro given evidence that he possesss IN oeg
the senses susoeptblities emotions OF which my co-
league has given catalogue and yet cannot permit
him 10 persuade me that God in His providence has i'm
parted African 10 which our slaves belong the