The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-08-27

nothing could be detected but its general features
all eggs. But az the analysis proceeds, We begin 70
discover material differences between the various
kinds Of eggs And IN presence OF thess dIerences'
geneous character between certain types as Tor In
between the vertebrates. THIS power Of dscrmi
nation has been carried TO such extent that ne froies
Agassz) was able TO dr guish the ovarian egg OF
articulate from that OF molusc, without Knowing
SO se oay IS
difference between the different casees which We can
detect, but between different families also. do was not
pared TO state that the means OF Distinguishing am
lies were yet very extensive, but he knew enough 70
say that there fair prospect Of being able hereafter
70 distinguish different families clearly by sgnt Oh tne
Whatever was the size OF the primitive egg, the diff
feTences were structural not essential The membranes
identical in all, and differences only brought
out by their growth during the several stages OF deve.
lopement Great differences existed in the time required
TO bring eggs TO maturity In the of the common
hen, as every had observed, the time short;
hens laid within year after their BIRTH But requires
seven years tor the ovarian egg Of turtle TO be prepared
to be laid We must trace its history during these seven
years It undergoes changes in growth hardly less i'm
porant than those of child In growing years af
ter its BIRTH This opens an entirely field OF physio-
logical inquiry.
There old among PSYCHOLOGISTS to the ef-
feet that the egg in fact something distinct and sepa
rate from the embryo In fact the egg is itself the body
of the animal The embryo is nothing but the egg grown
TO further stage Of Developments just the butterfly Is
IN fact the caterpillar under different form There Is no
thing new in the germ; is only the egg IN new form
and new condition.
The learned Professor here drew a sketch OF hens
egg to show its form and parts The yok he said was an
internal mass composed OF large oil gobules. There
was no substantial difference between the constituent
parts of the inside Of the egg the cells of the yok
larger than the others that was all the difference. He
noticed also that the cells much smaller toward one
side Of the egg and he showed how this disposition OF
the cells enabled the yok always to remain uppermot
in order that it, being in fact the body Of the chicken,
should be nearest the hen while she was sitting le IL
ustraed the changes which took place IN the egg by re-
ference TO a bone, which at first Uniformed
cartilage which expanded and hardened by the addition
Of calcsreous sas I'LL became bone vita hard Sides
joints, &c. So the yok Of an egg was first uniform
substance, then gradually composite substance, and
La tiy the body Of the animal ITSELF
il ad been said that the yolk was nutritive bag from
which the germ supplied with food through the ali
mentary canal. But he could state that AZ time
any portion of the yok digetted food must be. 1t
was transfer med not eaten As the germ advanced in
life streaks appeared in the yok It appeared liquid This
he illustrated by the comparison Of meadow in which
several pools found These pools might DC supposed
to Increase gradually till they ran into general reservoir
somewhere in the meadow, and from that central point
again diverged. similar movement took place in the
egg The sreaks in the yoE ran TO central point and
gradually the whole yolk became liquid and set in
circulation 70 the central point and again around the
long before there any blood He would say that he
satisfied that this discovery had been made by John
Hunter That eminent man had never stated It, and there
not verbal tradition Of his discovery, but
after he (Prof Agassiz) had re-discovered it, he on
John Hunters plates that which satisfied him that he
must have been aware Of the fact This fluid abu-
men; It's course could be traced by watching small
dots which carried along by II like pebbles. Thus
the yok resolves itself into the body Of the embryo, and
He would consider the changes which take place in the
gradual transfer Of this mass IN which there no animal
form SEEM into In which that form is distinctly vs
blc Is not the egg the body Of the germ Of new ami.
NAL? Is not body whose substance has not yet un
degone certain notifications, and whose parts are not
yet In such relations 70 perform their relative func
TORS and TO control the play OF the whole organisation
The next paper read was one by Professor WILSON Of
Canads on the value Of physical conformation As an ee-
ment Of chronological science
This led to interesting discussion, in which Profess
sors AGAsIz and DAWSON took part The former was
darst IN atata hat ha
visible unity Of man. Professor Dawson assaulted at some
length the views presented yesterday by Professor Agas
replied, charging Professor Dawson with advancing
theory, and pleading to support rather than taking
the facts and nferrng principles from them. The dis
cussion lasted till the hour Of adjournment.
PHYSICAL SECTION.
Prof. ALEXANDER in the chair.
Prof, W. B. ROGERS read paper on "ozone observa
tionsn Ozone recently discovered substance foun
to ent0 into chemical combinations. has disagree
able odor What consists CT has not yet been satsac
toriy determined Prof. r. detailed his experiments 4
ascertain this fact. He found present more largely
when the air was in motion and less abundant calm
He bad arrsnged apparatus which will bring through
tube certain amount Of air per hour against the tes
PAPER Thus he txps TO find exactly what proportion
Of present in different localities different currents
and at different times. II had been suggested that IL
presence in the air affected its salubry but this wal
un certain.
Discussion followed between Professor HosroRp ant
others upon the latter point, and whether mo inain All
presence Of large amounts OF ozone.
Dr. REED OF London, said he had found ozone in Ion
don air, although IL was supposed that none was to DC
found in cities.
Prot b. A. GorIp read paper the Meridian In
minor nsrum nts had been already received the larger
were their way Many improvements on the com
mon forms had been adopted He spoke Of the different
qualities OF the German and the English meridian circles
The former the instrument Tor the artist the latt
the instrument OF the engineer The German was the
most precise tor the correction OF errors the English by
soldity endcavorcd far possible prevent the
The telescope for the Albany instrument egb
feet long, the three fec, In diameter tue gradua
tons to be read oil by four microscopes. The support
arranged that the expansion contraction Of the
brass was counteractcd and would produce no variation
The Greenwich instrument he thought, was badly ar
ranged, in having gas lamp the instrument
produce by its heat and by causing heated
rents Of air. This in the Albany nsrumtn mt was avoided
he described the other Instruments OF the Observatory
al length. In con,uscn no expressed the deep oblga
| tons the Observatory was under to Mr.. oicott.
Prof ALEXANDER then read paper on "sonis Special
Arrangements Of tho soar systenis which seem TO con
Drm tho Nebular Hypothesis" Many nebule, formerly
70 called had been resolved into groups OF stars, br
others and the comets, the zodiaca light and cclpzcs
s,ll exhibited nebulous matter which had not been ~
&C., ana eDda n" oe s v ns
Ryratrg nebulous rings He thought the asteroids
30 tormed Tho earth probably was formed Of one ring
and Venus and Mercury both out OF another. He pointed
out the probably nebuoas condition OF other parts Of the
solar system.
The Bcx paper In order, which was read b. Pfof. A.
ID BAcflE, was
erlgIzsyNI rApKr rrrfIsHEp ~ PROVIDENCE
rRomaBDGs ON TlR sxcrfsR VARIATION IN vnsNrrc
rEOiNAToS IN IiiE ATLANTIC AND GrfF COAST o. 1fs
f>TD sTArye, OBSERVATIONS sgNtvTEFNrH
f3aruS1u AND SiSErrfESm cE>IrRfns. VNDEf rgRNis
500 o. INSTRUMENTATION. ciAs. A. ssHorr.
In paper icated the association the Pro
vdcace meeting The secular change Of the magnetic dc
clpa,,su investigated by Mr.. schott. In the
Of last he made additional observations by
direction OF Superintendent OF the Coast Survey, and 10
the paper pres .ntcd the results combined with
those previously obtained. The former deiucons have
gained coudcraby In accuracy, and have received i'm
porar adduons. The number OF stations increased "
thirteen from Tho recent observations appear 10
show slight dsainuon In the ofncrcase OF westerly
decnaon eailng 10 the supposiou that the nfeyon 10
the curve representing the secular variation corresponds
to about 1860. AL the observations concur In placing tse
minimum about 1900 Tho present rate Of increase ~
westerly dcclnatou 10 about 1vc minutes annually alone
the Atlantic coast.
Then came paper cDtuled-
ssloN nF wlcxEnc fxcflSA
ToN ~ TilE SoR1HgssTvGS s1arrs coxrISc Tsp, rspsn
rtRNE~loS o. INV srsERNEvDENT sND At WORiIi % Iis
1REAstp DEPARTMENT, Az cnlRfEs A. lfEors.
The results are confined 10 the limits OF 80 deg aud 81