The true Democrat., 1856-03-04


 most liberal religious toleration All denom- nations are found there-Greek, Roman Catho- lie, Armenian, Lutheran Mahomedan, Presby- terian, and even the orthodox church of Eng land, in which latter church the pastor never fails to publicly pray for her Majesty the Queen of England, etc., and that she may tri- umph over all her enemies" Thus in this wonderfully despotic country, there is more re- ligous toleraton than would be submitted to in England, if we may judge from the bad temper of the London press in reference to my publish ed opinions on Russia.
 The Russians do not feel humbled. Their confidence is in their God, and they believe that success will be ultimately theirreward. Charles XII. of Sweden invaded their country; but the battle of Pultowa ended his triumphs, and completed the glory of Russia Napoleon l. marched 5OOOOO men, from battle field to bat tie field, and finally, after the bloody conflict of Borodino, at which 5O,OOO Russians sacrificed their lives, he took up his abode under the gol den domes of the Kremlin. By the aid of providence the army of Napoleon was annihi- lated. little over two months ago. when was in the kremlin and upon the very spot where Napoleon triumphed, I saw the young dilu IiC SidS Hcdutll 1luSSldu Ou6TlHS up CnClr prayers for the cause of God which is again assailed by the allies. They pointed with tears streaming from their eyes, to the sacred tower cross! Falling upon theirknees, and with their they pointed to the holy gate of the kremlin, through which Napoleon passed without pull ing off his hat! They pointed to the gold and SIl var rOfiDc-tha Caprn1 rnoartooloc of saints of centuries past-which had to be moved from their hallowed spots when the enemy was approaching their holy city.
 The whole nation is beginning to arouse itself; although the Russians are slow in action, vet their determination endures to the end An- other two years will find the whole country we'll prepared for the war. No one there re- gards the present state of things other than in the light of preparation for war; Everywhere the energy of the people is put forth in the steps necessary for defense. At remote dlstan- ces in the interior the soldiers are kept conti- nually at drill, and the instruments of war are being multiplied with fearful rapidity The entire Baltic coast is lined with batteries and new cannons are being mounted by thousands, and new lines of defense constantly raised- Wherever you go the cry of defense is heard, and Its appliances are seen. l have never yet met Russian that was unwilling to fight for his God and his Emperor. l never heard of any resistance to his calls for men. On this subject 1 made diigent inquiries.
 The effect of all this on commerce has been sad thing to the merchants It bears heavier upon the English and German merchants than upon the Russian. The cessation of commerce has caused the merchants in Russia to direct their energies and means to other pursuits, and hence the great increase in manufactures. The cotton mills gre running every day. Progress Tn the arts IS to be seen everywhere. All kinds ot fabrics, such as silks cottons, linens, faces, cloths, etc, are produced in great quantities. The London Times may sheer at Russian ia- brlcs, but in time 1t will find that importation from Eng land will for the future never be as great as 1t has hitherto been. The English go- vernment are grosSl " ignorant as to the extent of manufacturing industry in Russia. They forbid the eXportation of rolled iron to the con- tnent, expecting thereby to inlure Russia, while Tn fact Russia has been exporting rolled iron to England, and has now on hand thousands of tons awaiting the conclusion of peace for ship ment. All sizes of plate iron made there. Iron plates five by eight feet and copper six by fifteen aH made in large quantities. The block ade and non-Shipment of iron do not affect the iron men of Russia, because their sales are made Ill advance for years, and the stock on hand is regularly paid for as fast as it is made. In fact, the iron business is much larger than ever.- The foreign trade Is the same The home consumption is enormously increased. The yield for the past year is supposed to be at least in pig iron 284 GOA tons, and of bar iron 291,- 600 tons. The maximum yield heretofore has been about--of pig iron 2l3852 tons, and of bar iron 153245 tons. have the prices of diff ferent years, and 1 find no increase over the times of peace.
 The yield of precious metals is very favora- ble That of silver will not be very great, per haps not more than one and half millions of roubles Platina mines are producing about the same as former years. The copper mines are yielding about 1, $40, 700 silver roubles- And as to the mines, they are doing better than ever before. The income for the past year will be about 26OOOOOO roubles, the maximum heretofore being, in 1948, 22 S25, ,OOO roubles
 The agricultural districts do not seem to be affected by the war. The crops of wheat, rye, barley, flax, hemp, etc, appear to be about the same as Tn former years. 1 saw no waste fields nor any want of tillers. In the Smolensk and SaratoH governments most corn is raised, and my observations in the former led me to be- lleve that there was no likelihood of diminu- ton of crops. As to labor, there is plenty of it all over the empire, and at the same time may say that 1 saw no great suffering from poverty. There IS no starvation, and beggars are less nll- merous than ill England and in fact 1 have seen more beggars in Liverpool and London in one week than 1 saw in my whole two years tour in Russia
 Having thus spoken of Russia and her power to maintain herself in this war, desire to mo- tlce a few of the wonderful successes of the al- lies, viz:
 BOMARSUND.
 The English fleet appeared in front of this old hospital Ill the most magnificent arrav-- The French landed and attacked the rear of 1t, which was not constructed for defense. The English fired away, and notwithstanding the guns of large caibre which they had, their shells and balls did no more harm than so ma ny popguns. It IS true they made considerable noise, but that was all. The French attack in the rear occasioned the surrender of the old barracks and hospital which the Russians never supposed would hold out against any moderate attack. l took the news of the surrender to St. Petersburg, and to my surprise no one seem- ed to care in the slightest degree for the loss as they Knew that the buildings could not stand. In fact it had been determined long before not to attempt to hold them with anything like a formidable force
 SEBASTOPOL.
 At this place the allies have fought with bravery-that must be conceded on all hands. have said, and affirmed in print, that the Eng fish attack on the Redan was as brave an act as was ever performed by the arms of any na- tion, notwithstanding that the editor of the Times shamefully abused his countrymen for not accomplishing impossibilties. The Eng fish had the most difficult position For some distance in front of the Redan the surface is rock, and it was not possible for the approaches to be brought near it. In storming the Redan the English had to pass over plateau of rock, and were subjected to the raking and deadly fire of other batteries besides the Redan, and every gun on the Redan mound was effective In the face of these dreadful batteries the Eng. ESh yol1iarc bro ova1v H.