The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-08-19

az means OF amortization the produce Of the pub
lie revenue In cash is scarce. But according to the
first circular Of the Minister for Foreign Relations
the revenue was increasing, not being burdened
with unnecessary expenses or onerous contracts,
and the hope was INDUCED that within short time
il would be exempted from transitory drawbacks.
brought ON by deporable errors and the recent UNI
fortunate events.
We asserted that New Granada deserves our in
terest and in order to justify opinion we shall
briefly pass in review some Ct the measures which,
Of late have been adopted to advance it in the path
of civilization.
ed the abolition Of slavery throughout the whole re-
public. This humane and important measure, which
honors that republic, merited the appreciation OF
Great Britain, so much the more 80 as in imitation
OF the last power 1t indemnifes out OF the public
treasury, the slave owners. Since the contract for
railroad on the lsthnus OF Panama has been car
red into effect and from the time the works for ef-
tectng the opening OF rapid line OF comuunica-
ton between the two oceans, the Isthmus has been
inundated by the impetuous waves of American and
European emigration; Pauama became the por
from whence it penetrated to the golden region OF
California; which was transformed into the CONNER
an express legal authorization, Panama was erected
into q federal State, which made the most liberal
laws for its internal government treating foreigners
residing on its territory in q manner which has
perhaps, never been witnessed In anYiQtia and the
Would 70 Heaven tbatv repent their generosity.
is.nm m. may that the laws Of the country and the
nrinciples Of international right being respected
both by natives and foreigners the rep lbc may not
at the instigation of foreign greedness, lose that
The government Of New Granada invited some
time 400 by its agents in Europe, the immigration
of Foreigners Offering them free passage from the
mort of Sebar alton to the interior of the country,
by means of steamboats, on the river Magdalena,
hesides o concession of 10000 r0ras of land to all
sn0se who would engage themselves to cultivate
them within q fixed time; exempting the immi-
twenty years. II the circumstances of its treasury
did not allow it to do all it wished to do in order to
attract foreign immigration, 1t has, at least, clear
ly mani tested its good will. Gratuitous schools
laborng classes, to elevate their Intelligence
and teach them how to apply to labor the scien-
tifc principles of which, till them they were ig-
norant so as to increase the productive action
Of their arms, and to provide them directly, with
greater sum OF prosperity
The legislative dispositions of the years 1850,
1866 sanctioned the abolition of tthes, first fruits
and surpce fees. It's capital, Bogota, whose popu-
has increased to-day to 10000. The national Ii
biaIy possesses more than $4,000 volumes; decree
of 1852 ordered q library OF national works to be
formed, and in 1858 there already existed pre-
cious collection OF almost all the important dOcu-
ments relating to the revolution of $780, as well as
the political n owe preceding it, besides all the
State ~ the COLLECTIONS tee ssD"s Of the
ana numbers OF curious productions Of all kinds aud
colors, books pamphlets and periodicals The trial
oy Jury mas been introduced In certain cases, with
the intention TO extend it to others; education has
been declared kfree, the obstacles which debarred
the poorer classes from acquiring the necessary
knowledge being removed, by comforting on the dif.
ieIent communities the management or their local
interests the administration has been deceatral
lied; the monopoly of tobacco, capital punishms a,
Tor political crimes, the quarantine, the sanitary
ons and passports have been Abolished the press
has been declared completely free; the obs to
the admission To the har IN he othar krap
OF human science have been removed titles and
grades have been abolished, and the privileges OF
me clergy annuled.
The Typographical, geological and statistical la.
bors Of the distinguished engineer Codazz, have
fur nished the maps OF somewhat more than
half of the republic, together with the cores
pondng descripti ms, and are being prosecuted
v ithout interruption. Another engineer, in the
service Of the republic, Mr. May, has JUS. been in
trusted with special commission, the Typographical
exploration and description OF the Sierra Nevada of
an extended ana fertile distr IT, the
hest adapted to foreign colonization. account of
its proximity to the shores OF the Atlantic ocean, its
mid temperature and healthy soil, where amongst
its other natural riches, it may, perhaps, be posi-
bic to discover mines Of pt-coal conveniently stn-
ated for the steamers on the ocean and tue Rio
Magdalena. The laws permit, on the ground Of al
solute equality, the flags OF all nations to carry
the coasng trade from port to port with tho fruits
OF the country: tie commerce In foreign products
heirg like vie permitted and exempted from defer
entail dctes on the rivers and interior lakes, in
under whatever colcrs they sail.
Lastly, the statesmen Of New Granada believing
reiigion 10 lie private affair between man and God.
the CREATOR and the creature, promulgated
on June TO- 1853. the most liberal laws this mat
ter. Gecla ing thai he,ceforth oil religious confess
sions should he Equal before H. and that contribu
tiot shall be the snsienance OF any ofthen,
TIC obligations which the adherepts Of any com.
nunion may contract having to be voluntary.
measure of such importance, censured by very
many ~ premature has, notwithstanding, produced
he reyoluiion of Melo the best proof Of the popu
lation OF New Granada being prepared for II.
AS the muscles Of the human body represent Us ply
siea sire Myth the ideas OF man represent his intel
sctua force; and when those ideas to belong to
the minority Wien they are transmitted from the in
dduai to tie body OF the society, when they pene-
,iaic even 10 the masses and are tranformed into
laws, when they ere the groundwork which serves
le,iual aisocraoy the only one toleabie vivacious,
sound and fertile, then there Is little fear TO be en-
tcitaircd Of those cerebral connections called
revolutions. New Granada has given. proof
solemn occasion. These complications have
Disappeared; liberty has smpiihed them all.
Its eminent men, doubtless well aware that the great
mCasurts which tend directly to the purpose
when the nation Is prepar, to receive them. shorten
tie way and render useless many petty means, only
serving to exhaust the strength and activity OF a
whole generation, knew how 10 tr9nsfo-m The for
mcr icrce and sterile movement into what II Is des
tned 20 be--a great advance tn moral and ineliec-
teal progress. Wh,n ideas have found their
natoial course, rt,outons ammo longer break down
their IaitIal barriers. Would TO God that the first
may rotcr dsyiate from the course they have to fol-
low ara That tie latter nay not be renewed so "a
that that interesting section Of lie American CONT
rent may continue to flourish aud to accomplish the
noble tLject which il proposed I, itself ia initiating
its glorious emancipation.
crrcrrAR 10 TnE coSsuLs AND VICE coSsULs
ABROAD.
RsrrBIIc oF NFw GRtSApA,
OFrICs OF FoREIGS RgL ATOMS
Bogota, July III 1s5G. J
Since my last circular has been Published, No
event capable Of GeCung public neace legal order
has occufTed in cur territory. In Panama there still
prevails scme dlsquietude In the public mind, the
Oainial effect OF The distrust and resentn ent OK.
hibi,ed by certain foreigners on account Of the
eyets Of tie 18th Ct April, which have not yet been
rio lv lsIt The ecsuffv of the tran