Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1856-05-21

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SOUTHERN MANUFACTURES
In the various commercial exposilions OF the
past year, remarkable feature, which appears
5 in bold relief, is the growth of manufacturing
and mechanical industry. This is particularly
= apparent in the cities and towns OF the West.
Our attention has been drawn to some state
ments of the progress OF manufactures in Cln-
cinnati and St Louis, and the details that are
given show, that the great and substantial ele-
ments of manufactures are progressing with
rapidity that fully justifes the language used
by the press that we should deem eXtravagant
in the extreme was it not sustained by facts and
: figures. The enterprising inhabitants of these
two hourishing cities seem 10 realize the maxim
by carving it out in practice. that the strength
Of wealthy and prosperous city consists IN The
union of agriculture, commerce, and the manu-
featuring arts
Cincinnati, for instance, the youngest OF all
the first class cities of the Union, had in 1850
population of ll5,OOO, having increased in the
last decade $50 per cent. If her increase of
population continues at the average ratio tor the
last fifty wears, in 1860 she will have popula-
ton of $1,000. But the growth of her manu-
factures is much moro significant index to the
sources of her power and prosperity than The
mere enumeration of her inhabitants. From n
table now before us we find that the industry OF
Cincinnati has grown in advance of her Popula-
ton, for while her population from 1910 to 1850
had increased $50 per cent, the aggregate of its
manufactures had increased 200 per cent 10
1850 there were in Cincinnati $3.50 manufactu-
ring establishments, employing 330es hands,
and yielding an annual value of productions OF
S52,lO9,374 The manufactures of iron alone
amounted to S5,779 495 offood to s 473,562;
of liquors TO S5,240:93o; clothing to S4,325,-
$780, The shrewd thrifty people of the Queen
City of the West" have discovered, that the &C.
emulation of the industrial arts is the true
source of their strength, power and prosperity,
and they have verified the political and social
truth, that the increase of industry resists cor
responding demand for population.
The question may very properly be asked,
cannot manufactures, which succeed so well at
the West, prosper equally well in the South.
west, and produce the same satisfactory result
Cannot the surplus capital, accumulated from
commercial pursuits in New Orleans, instead OF
being carried out of the country, be invested IN
manufactures, and, by a process of retention and
reproduction, be made .subservient to the wealth
and prosperity>of the place? There is nothing
repelling or incompatible in the elements OF
commerce and manufactures; on the contrary,
they are twin arts, congenial and sympathetic In
their nature, and fourishing best when recipro-
cally acting together and depending upon each
other.
We have been reading an article which ap-
pcated some time since in DeBow's Review, up
/, on Southern Manufactures, which was written
BY Mr.. Gregg. of South Carolina, himself large
manufacturer Mr.. Gregg has concluslvely
demonstrated the fact that manufacturing may
be conducted at the South successfully, and may
he made the source of individual wealth and
national prosperity. He established in lS49
Cotton Factory at Graniteville, in that State, and
although for three years succeeding the com
,nencement of operations, the manufacturing
interests experienced a period of unprecedented
depression, during which millions of capital
were sunk by the New England Spinners, the
company at Granitevile were able to hold their
pos ition, and now show very fair average re-
turn on their operations during the time they
have been in existence. In 1852 the net earll-
inps were 8 per cent. In 1853 they reached llt
per cent; and in 1854 they amounted TO frac
lion over Is per cent, thus giving the stockhoi-
ders an interest Of 7 per cent OH the entire cap
i.al from the time it was paid in. If the business
Of 1855 shall equal that of 1854, and there is
every reason to believe it will the average profits
will be per cent from the time the capital was
first paid in.
A general impression prevails, that manufac-
tsres at the South are hazardous risks, uncer.
tain speeulatiens, and that they invariably prove
losing concerns in the hands of the original stock
holders. These are erroneous impressions; they
are not sustained by experience and facts
What failures have occurred at the South are
reducible TO certain causes not local and lnhe-
rent. but accidental and adventitious, and which
can easily be removed.
fatal mistake is generally committed at the
very inception of these enterprises. Our South.
ern people are apt to come to the conclusion
that they can erect a mandatory for the sum
s;mior establishment would cost at the North
Tbis is grand mistake. The machinery should
ba in every respect as perfect and complete, and
tho buildings, appurtenances and equipments, as
substantial and permanent. When correctly
constructed, found and organized, an abundant
sunply of cheap labor, convenient water power
mild climate, with raw material so cheap at oul
door. and an adequate home market for our fab
r;rs all this gives us superior advantages over
nnv other country, and furnish the assurance ol
LARGE remunerating returns
n, Gregg enumerates FIVE prominent causes
N which he ascribes the failure, or partial sue.
ccs., of cotton factories at the South: -.
The first is an injudicious selection of machl
,erv. and of the kind of goods to be made.
The second is lack OF steady, efficient and
cheap motive power. ,,:.
The fourth is the lack of proper effort for the
ro,;n;ops and moral training Of the operatives
T The fifth is u. e.embark in such an enterprise
without suficein capital.
The neglect, he urges, of any one OF these
NAV lead to serious embarrassment; while the
lac; seemingly one that would easily be correc
tod ia a prolific source of failure and has led te
moro , ruipous disasters than anything else. He
;nstances two or three failures of manufactures
in South Carolina, traceable solely to this cause
All other circumstances were favorable to sue
aaas a bnt there was an insuf6ciency Of capital
nd I tbis primary defect was the cause of thei
"naoav ".,a ruin. The manufactures in Georgia
wbich ] started full handed, and were based or
sufficient capital, have uniformly succeeded ;anc
even during the terrible pressure of 1850 anc
*, there was 20 failure among them. The
manufacturing establishments in that State have
mulliulied largely within. very few years, and
thew humber now some sixty in the full tide o
.nc.oss . The returns show that the yield on the
s stock Maid in is from Is to 80 per cent
ntoen P that when rnpitll can bo sc