New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-10-03

ton ant any favor or privilege or advantage to the
sa, chodng class even Odain or permit Slavery to
exist within the exclusive sphere Of the Federal jurs-
dictiOn.
Tie spirit Of the Declaration Of Independence and Of
the Constitution Of the United States thu f9gon,ly
hostile TO casses and especially TO the slavcholdng
class entered largely into the contempoTaneou consti-
uons and laws OF mort Of the States. All of them g.
tablished republican forms Of government Most Of
them asserted the political equality Of men. All Of
them prohibited orders Of nobility and ecclesiastical
Classe- estates in mortman, and estate by prmogen-
ifure Seven States Immediately speedily prohibited
Slavery and all Of the Others earnestly debated the
same great and benign reform Finally, though unable
thus early to abolish Slavery in ak Of the States where
it already existed, thepcople in the Revolutionary Con
grcrs ofoctusy provided for excluding 1t forever IN
that part Of the national domain which lad north
west Of tie Ohio and in the States which were therea.-
ter TO be established there.
think fellow citizens that have shown 10 your
abundant satisfaction that such direction of the ad-
uiD,tration 10 the establishment and aggrandzemeni
Of Il g savehOldLg class ~ ! have charged 1t II IN
deed exits il peiycrsion Of the Constitution OF the
United Staes.
seventy ye4rs Of cur national i,ory have been full
filed. FIX your attention for a moment now on The
sayebOlding cla,s it exists. Although IT has
been abolished by State legislation in seven of the
first thirteen States, and although ME free States,
which excu6e it, have been since admitted into the
Union vet The slavetUIdng class nevertheless, Islands
erect and firm in fifteen Of the present thIty-one
States numbering 3i1 eco persons on the basis ct
800 600 other "persoDs held TO labor or service by
the laws thereof valued at twelve hundred millions Of
dollars combined practically, with ali the real estate
in those States. This Glars spreads Itself on the one
bank Of the Mississippi to the Kansas River. ana on
tie other to the Ohio and along the Atlantic coast
from tie banks Of the Delaware Ia those vi the no
Grsnde In the States where this class exists II Is not
merely s'cme, it is ornament N ,mp'eiely DOM
rant to the exclusion not merely Of all civil rlsht- on
the part Of the persons wi held 10 labOI or ser
vice. by it, but 10 the inhibition of voluntary eman
cipaton by the owners Of slaves to the practical ex-
clusion If tree labor from the State. N with II free.
dom Of spe' ch, freedom Of the press, freedom OF
tie ballot box, freedom Of education, freedom of lit
crature and freedom Of Popular assemblies. Thus es
tablished by municipal institutions, the savehpdng
class has become the governing power in each of the
slavehodg States, and it practically chooses thirty
of the sixty two members of the Senate ninety Of the
two hundred ard thirty three members of the House
Of Representatives, and hundred and five of the
two hundred and ninctyve Electors of President and
Nice-President Of the Uniteo States.
Let us now repair to the Federal Capital. YOu
that although it IL sadly wanting in the elements Of in
dusry and enterprise, which distinguish the hundred
cities Of the flce States yet it Is respectable metrop
oils rich in costly national structures monuments aud
gardens This elegant and tasteful cifce IL ,e palace
of the President of the United States. Its incumbent
you know him right well for he has acquired painful
notoriety is confessed apOlOgist of the sayepropcr
ty class, belor Of freemen and Free States which
sist the of that class acttcr of the
tension of Slavery and Of the enlargement of the do
ain of that class by the violation of time-honored
cOmpacts, by armed usurpatiOn conquest and judicial
corruption. You remember his history. He had been
equally obscure among civilians and generals, but he
deemed reliable by the slayeprOperty class to sup
press debate its high preensons, and he was there
fore advanced TO the chief magstacy to the exclusion
of the most heroic, magnanmOus and successful militia
~ chief the country has produced.
This broad highway is Pennsylvania avenue 1t
leads between stately storehouses and dwellings occu-
pied by Shareholders with Their slaves to the Capitol.
We ascend the terrace, through groves embellIshed
with statues and fountains, and enter the Senate cham
Der The Senate is before 1t il an august assembly
of ambassadors depued by thiry0ne equal States. Ii
august by of ts functions. IL Is al Executive
Council and exercises negative voice all appoint
ments TO all places of trust honor profit in the Re
public aid negative also on all treaties Of the Repub-
lie with foreign natiOns IA Court OF Impeachment
il tries all political crimes committed by pubic agents.
and as legislative body its concurrence Is necessary
10 the passage of all the laws o the Union The age
experience and dignity of its members together with
the facility for transacng business winch II derives
from the smaness of its numbers has enabled 1t to be-
come the dominating political power in the Republic
The chair belongs to the NcePresldent of the United
States. He who was last advanced to that office is
now dead. You remember him. lie was chosen from
Slave State The Senate elected in his place David
X. Atchson. You know him well. lie Is chief states
man and captain in the usnrpaion and conquest re-
Gently effected by the saveholdng class in Kansas
When his duties in that relation called him away from
the capital, his place here assigned to jesse ID.
Bright of Indiana. You know him also. lie Is nc
cepable and approved 10y the slave property class and
he has deserved 10 be.
AT the feet Of the presiding officer you see three Sec
retaries while his chair is surrounded by printers,
serg alarms, door keepers and pages Each oil
them il either 6ctive or passive advocate Oh tie
policy of the slavehOding class.
Tie bHsiness of the day opens with debate on the
relations If the country toward Great Britain and Cen
trial America-a theme involving not merely inmedi-
ate peace or war; but ultimately the continental ascend
ancy Of the Republic The debate Is instituted On rhc
motion of the Committee on Foreign Relations: The
Chairman of that Committee is MIR. James NJ Mason
of Virginia. author of the last and most notorious OF the
Fugitive Slave laws The other members are, MI STE
lhen A. Douglas the founder ct that curious ana GVanes
cent ~ stem of Territorial Government wiiioue Known
by me name of Popular Sovereignty but now lee ognZed
ns Executive UsuIpation; Mr. John A. Sidell OF Loul-
sana the same who has proposed withdrawal OF the
naval squadron employed III suppresSng the siavctrahe
on the Coast of Africa; Mr. John NJ Clayton OF Della
wale Who pronounccs the prohibition OF slavery Tor
ever contained in the Missouri Compromise uncoisti'
tuonnl; Mr.. John b. Weller OF California, who mp
holds the Executive Csurl6tion and cOnquert Ill Nam
sas and with these gentlemen is associated one oppo
nent of the slavehodng class, namely my honorable
and excellent colleague, Mr.. Hamilton tish OF New
York.
The debate has ended while we have been canvass
inc the Committee by which it was instituted. And
now the question has changed to one OF hardiy less
crave importance, namely, whether the Ireshieht Oh
the United States shall be inhibited from employing the
amy rs police to enforce the tyrannlcal laws o me
slaycholding conqucrors of Kansas. This proposition
of the House OF Representatives opposed by the Com
mittee ON Finance That Committee has for IFS Chair
man Mr. Robert NJ. Il. Hunter, also of Virginia. he
~ the same Senator who has just now proposed to re,
send that vote of the Senate which rather admitted
than declared that the assault made by Preston >
Nrools n Representative of South Carolina, in the
senate Chsmber, ON Mr. Charles sumner, Senator OF
Massachusetts. for words spoken in debate, was a
breach OF the privileges OF the Senate. Inc other
members of tins Great Committee are Mr.: James A.
p,srce of MARYLAND whom YOU see in his place frank
inc for ejaculation his declaration in favor of the slave
holders candidate for the Presidency Mr.. Cnttenden
of Kentucky the Senator who, as Attorney ten
,ral removed Mr.. FImorcs scruples concerning me
suspensin of the habeas corpus in the new Fugitive