The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1856-01-05

metal and in the return duty allowed on the expectation
Of refined sugars which gives the material used BY
sugar rehners ee Of duty the extent the
article exported Tbs principle Is recognised that taxes
should only be levied for the purpose Of revenue and
think II clear inasmuch the duty is not needed that the
principle would not be violated by authorizing the adis
sion of the material used in manufactures pro-
posed free Of duty II Is suggested in conayenton Of
the legislation Of other manufacturing countries and s an
indirect reduction Of the Of the home
manufactured article and may well be considered step in
ad towards free trade.
The tables extracted from the of l840 and that OF
$780, exhibiting the Of manufactures for those
years and the table Of the import Of foreign manufactured
goods for the years and the table OF the export of the
manufactures of the United States offer ample evidence
that already great manufacturing, well
merels and agricultural people enjoying profitable home
market for many Of our productions and fair competition
in foreign markets for some Of them.
The of iS40 taken after the commercial
reyuson of 1887 which involved the fortunes Of
chants manufacturers and agricutursts and indeed
all classes to such extent that the tables, combined
with the returns Of imports do not give either the a
rcultura manufacturing Or commercial business Of 'a.
the favorable aspect they justly entitled TO but
the returns of 1885, taken during period Of in
ceasng prosperity for all branches Of industry
holt iy our progress and s condition o. ~ Pursas
ton inagrculura manufacturing and commercial
sion.
An examination Of the agricultural and manufactured
articles taken and returned under the OF 1910 and
1850 will satisfy any that there many articles Of
domestic production and manufacture not taken and
producers TO consume, aud enlarged their fund Of
changeahle articles II will be that there
count Of the labor employed In improving and clearing
lands IN building canals and railroads, houses manuac
tories steamships and other vessels Of the labor in
transportation, the ocean, the rivers lakes canals, rail-
roads, dc Of the labor employed in coal mines
all Of which may bs estimated at half the value Of that
engaged IN our agricultural and manufacturing produc-
tions.
In examining tables Of exports and imports End
that In most years imports exceed exports and
that fact affords to the argument that foreign
trade ruin0us to tho country The OF nations
is based the exchange Of the commodities of for
those of another whether the exchange made by barter
or upon sales for and for money The
change may notbe between the two nations but the
general ress of equivalents the trade ofeach With all the
exports exchanged for the imports and the difference tho
fair profit and loss the whole II may be, and often is
that in time Of years Of short crops, nation
will import more than she exporsthats is purchases more
than she sesfor years. and that the profits
of ohe 20 to the losses OF previous previous
years. but country afford to pursue an mpover-
shing trade for long series of years. That the United
States have not is manifest because, Notwithstanding this
excess Of imports exports have constantly
increased in population in productions OF man
ufacures and In all other pursuits and added largely
after year. to the fixed capital Of the country we consider
our imports taken in exchange for exports, the
State producing the export entitled to credit for the i'm
port although the export may have been made by citizens
Of other States or BY foreigners who paid money for
the article exported Neither the of ls4o that
of 1850 other data known TO the department. fur
nish evidence Of the exchange productions of eaeh
State with the other States of the amount OF foreign
goods consumed by the people OF each State II will bo
that the agricultural and manufacturing producions
Of all the States and Territories according the
of lS40 amounted 70 and that the importa
ton of foreign goods did not exceed onetwensieh OF the
amount whilst the agricultural and manufacturing
ductons according TO the census of 1885, amounted 10
So 0l2 520539, and the importaous of goods not
ported to only $l4805l 575 and estimate the succeed
ing five years since the Of 1850 to have added fifty
per cert to agricultural and manufacturing produce
tons have $30ls,78Os0s Of such productions 81 $780,
3e3S98 being articles OF manufacture whilst importa-
QOOdH after deduCuQ the eXpOrtaOns
the fiscal year ending Both june 1885, only amounted TO
S233020227 This large amount of agricultural and
manufactured productions is consumed in tho several
States and Territories except what export and for
which take In exchange equivalent OF foreign
ductons and also consumed in the country
These all considered annual productions annually con-
sumed but not all strictly there remaining always
stock hand for the consumption of the coming year.
which less according 70 the home and foreign
demand also machinery and other articles that last
more than year sfs -tF5s.sE 1861 M=
If the free list shall be adopted establishing free trade in
the material manufacturers using this raw mate
ral and thus placed in equal composition with the manu-
Of other countries will gradually and and
possess themselves Of the home market exclude tho
foreign arce and reduce the revenue Let 1t be consid-
cred that manufacture an furniture, all
rages wagons stcaengnce machinery for our factories
aud machneshops Of leather and shoes boots
hats doorbutts and bolts Of all descriptions bells baan-
ces buckles brads woodsaws horse-cards castors,
tainpns curtan-bands metal cocks jackscrews curry
combs coal-hods candesticks gas-6ngs and burners,
cofee-mils cauldrons heavy edgetoos hay and manure
forks gmlets hat and wardrobehooks harrows OF
all kinds, hoes holow-ware, planes ploughs, sadrons,
taors irons doorknobs furniture knobs brass kettes
locks of all kinds iron laches lines lanterns lamps levels
lead nails clout nails pins, pumps punches pOkers
rulers iron and copper rves ropes raes oil
stones wroughtron spikes woodsaws door-springs win
dowsprngs seey ards scales Of all descriptions steel and
brass scales trowels OF all descriptions spoons OF all de-
scrptions thersmeters lacks vices OF all descriptions,
axes wrenchcs Of all descriptions iron brass and copper
wire with long list of other articles TO the exclusion of
the like articles from other countries and then take the six
articles proposed TO be embraced in the new or additional
schedule with duty of 20 or 80 per cent and observe
of heretofore derived from these ar
ces expected under the proposed revision OF du
ties and examine the American manufacture and produc
ton these articles according to the Of 1870 and
of $780, compared with the imports Of those years
but particularly take the first article OF iron named
in the list and that the American production and
for that year $50 and the foreign inn
port OF iron and manufactures of iron for the
year Sls33345 and consider this fact 10 connection
with our increasing population and the fact that each
State and Territory with perhaps exception has more
iron mbedded in her hills and valleys than would meet
the extended of the article by her czena for
tnries come and the conclusion is inevitable that the
production and manufacture Of iron in the United States
within very short period of years, will exclude the for
egn production and manufacturer then examine the sec
ond article of cotton In connexon with the fact thst al
ready the American manufacturer Is in possession OF the
market and competing successfully for the foreign
market s the fabrics and beginning
article wool and give the consideration TO the home
production conncxion with tho foreign import and hepro
posed entry eraw material and proceed with The
other articles OF the schedule and there will hardly remain
doubt OF gradual reduction OF the revenue the inn
of all those articles and also many OF the