The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-05-16


saIaEY-SOUx1a CONGRESS-.
yI8sr SESSION.
senate.
WASHINGTON, May Is, 1856.
FLORIDA AAD ALABAMA LAND BILLS PASSED.
The Senate passsl the House bill granting lands in al
ternse sections 10 Florida and Alabama to aid in the
construction Of railroads
rm LATE NAVAL BOARD.
Mr.. MALLORY (dsm.) OF Fla. spoke on the subject o.
the Naval Retiring Board replying all the arguments
urged against the board but taking no notice Of the per-
soDaities which have been nermingled in the discus
sions.
CENTsAL AMERICAN AyFAIRs-MEssAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT
message was received from the President enclosing
reports from the Secretary of State Secretary the
Navy, and the Attorney General in reply resolution
Of the Senate in March last also resolution of the
House. adopted Nay both having reference routes of
transit between tie Atlantic and Pacific cosars through
the republics Of New GranadA and Ncsragua and to the
condition Of our affairs with Central America. the
President says
The narrow isthmus which connects the continents
North and South America, by the facilities affords for
an easy transit between the Atlantic and Pacific OCEANS
has rendered the countries Of Central America the objects
public interest has been greatly augmented in modern
times by Of the changes in the commercial rela
tic, produced by the general OF steam as motive
power BY land and sea. To us account of Its geo.
graphical position and our political interest Anne
rcan State the Istbmu is Of peculiar importance-jus
as the lshmus of Suez for corresponding reasons
the commercial Powers Of Europe. But, above all the
importance to the United States of securing free transit
across the American stmus has become Of paramount
Importance since the sttenent Of the Territories Of
Washington and Oregon and the accession Of California
Impeed by these consdration the United States took
steps at early day toassurs suitable for com,
merca transit by canal railway other wise across the
ishmus. After speaking of the treaty with New Grans
da, securing the right Of transit and the
endeavor to obtain from Mexico the right Of way at the
northern extremity Of tin isthmus by way of Tehuante
pee the President audesto tie importance Of the mar
point Of the shmu transit and the
interest the United STATES has in the security and
protection of projected ines of travel he adverts
to the fact that although his has been So
icted to extend its protecting power and avail itself
such advantages that ptectloc would secure still it
has peraevered in system Justice and respect for the
rights and interests Of Others, well owp,
gard to all Central American States He refers briefly to
the taken by the British of the hArbor Of San
Juan del Norte almost Immediately after the treaty
Guadalupe Hidago and of he effect produced upon Nj
carsgua by that act He 1hsn adverts to the unset
lied condition of the ipanish American repub-
lies, and the solcituds and regret such q
state Of affairs inspired in the United States.
The violent revolutions and with which they have
been continually sgitated hare made them comparatively
powerlessunable to afford due protestion to foreign
telssts within their territory defend their soil
against aggresslons foreign domestic The burden Of
Iis axs%o hso
foreign States associated in close relations Of commercial
In speaking of Mexco the President shows
the TACT that Great Britain and France have both had
caon to resort to their military power to enforce the
Spa nish States He likewise aludes to the fact
lpat although II would be as easy for the United
it Is for European States to do this In Asia Africa vet
have abstaned from itin obsdisnce to considerations
sa hs duties who Ss Ss 1ta
himse to his country and to foreign Powers and that
he has never aed sernly to exert all the authority in
they in violation OF the laws Of the land which the
constitution requires him TO faithfully execute because
they are contrary to the policy Of this and
because to perEit them would be departure from good
faith with The American republics In anity with us.
Among the american republics to which modern events
have impaired the most prominence Ia that of Nicaragua
its transit and otherwise The President
states that in their struggles troubles neither being
strong enough to overcome the other OF the parties
CostiDisns invited the assistance OF small body of ci-
Tiers Of the United Statss whose presence apparently
put end to the struggle and restored quiet by placing
at the head Of the government distinguished individual
as Its provisional President.
The message, in ausion to the established policy Of
the United States in relation to the recognition Of foreign
minister's sets forth the following principles-
We recognize all governmental without question as to
their source or organization, the by which the
governing powers attain their power provided there be
government de taao accepted by the people of the
country.
We DO not 60 behind tho fact Of foreign government
o{uvo ~
legitimacy.
We do inquire into the causes which may have led
to . change of government. To 1t Is Indifferent whs-
,her succefsiu revolution has been aided by foreign
Intervention not whether insurrecon has
the existrg government and another been
In it's place according to FORMS or In man
adopted for the occasion by those whom We may find
All these matters left to the people and the public
authorities of countries respectively. During the sixty
of existence nnder present constitu
tion have had occasion to recognise governments dc
fdco founded either by domestic revolution by mill
tary invasion from abroad many Of the govern
of Europe.
The principle is vastly important a. applicable to
the Central American States where revolutions are
stantly occurring. Therefore, when the Minister from
Nicaragua presented himself month since bear
ing the Commission Of President Rivss the facts which
presented had existed, he must have been
ceived.
The various objections TO him were stated. Another
Minister ted himself and had been received,
satisfactory evidence appearing that he represents the
government de dao and-so far such exsts-the gov
eminent de jure, CT that republic.
The President adds other considerations OF interest
this country to enforce the proprety of this reception
The message states tina. special commissioner has
been despatched to Panama to investigate the facts Of
late in that quarter and suggests that
measures for the security of transit mutt be resored to-
and that the present Of the Pres
cent fs not sufficient he viii nmunisAte to Congress
such recommendations a. the egency Of the may
cicate.
The documents accompanying the message are very
volumincus. Those from the Attorney General COM
prize Instructions to prevent the fitting out expedi-
ion military or naval for invading the territory Of any
foreign Powers.
The report Of the Secretary OF the Navy embraces va
rious orders to the commanders Of the Susa
Potomac Fulton snd st. Mary's. To Coumodore Pauld
ing the Secretary encoses copy OF the statement Of
Captain NDkepaueh of the Orzaba saying that pre-
sens case which makes manifest that flag should
be shown at San Juan de Nicaragua In consideration of
these circumstances he Ia directed to proceed there with
the gae Potomac and in distributing the vessels OF the
Home squadron the Secretary gave particular nstruc
tions to each com mander to touch at PAnsma Aspnwa
and Gan Juan, as often consistent with due regard
to the interests Of country In those parths soop
St. Marys to feman ut Panama long she ID needed
The documents contain full particulars Of the outrages
ct Panama.
SenOr MOLINA. the Costa Ricau Minister 1aftar