The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1856-12-12

ont Executive Of Kansas, and the prndenc
frmnes and vigilance of the military oLiicei
on duty there, tranquility has been restore
without one drop OF blood having been she
d in its accomplishment by the forces OF tn
n United States.
|, The restoration Of comparative tranquliit
}, in that Territory furnishes the means OF OF
}, serving calmly, and appreciating at thei
{ Just value, the events which have Occnrre'
Q there, and the discussion of which the GOV
h ernmOnt Of Territory has been the sub
y ject. -. -..... .r.l.
(. We perceive that controversy concernln!
q its future domestic institutions was ineyla
, bio that no human prudence, no form
: legislation, no wisdom on the part of Con
gress, could have prevented this. :,
!. II is idle TO suppose that the particula'
provisions OF their organic law were TN
cause Of agitation. Those provisions were
but the occasion, or the pretext OF an agita'
! tion, which was inherent in the nature o
things. Congress lesislated upon the sub
iect in such terms as were most consonan'
with the principle of popular 'overelsntty
which underlies our government. liz conld
not have legslated otherwise without doing
violence to another great principle OF our
institutions the imprescriptible right ol
: equality of the several States. .......
Y We perceive, also, that sectional interests
and plrty passions have been the great ini-
pediInent Ia the silutary operation of the or
Y gnnc PRINCIPLES adopted, and the shiei
cause of the successive dlstur ances IN hin-
sas. The assumption that, BECAUSE in the
organization of the territories OF Nebraska
and Kansas, COngre.s abstlined from i'm
posing restraints upon them to which certain
other territori IS had been subject. therefore
disorders occurred in the latter territory. Ia
emphatically coniradicted by the fact that
none have occurred in the former. These
disorders were not the consequence, in X TN
sas, Of the freedom Of sell.gOvcrnmcnt con-
ccded to that territory by Congress, but Of
unjust interference on the part of persons
not inhabitants of he territory. Such in
terference, wherever IL has exhlbitedkltselF
by acts of insurrecliOnary character, or OF
obstruction processes of law, has been re-
PEELED or suppressed, by all the me,nswhich
the Constitution and the laws place in the
hands of the Executive
In those parts OF the United States where,
by reason oil the inaimcd state Of the public
mind, false rumors and Interpretations
have the greatest currency, it has been as.
Sumcd that was the duty of the Executive
not only to suppress insuricciionary move.
mentS in Kansas, hut also TO see TO the regu-
arity oflOcIl elections. IL needs little ar
gument to show that the President has no
such power. All government in the United
States rests substantially upon popular cleo
ton. The freedom Of elections is liable to
be impaired by the intrusion of unlawful
votes, or the exclusion of lawful ones, by
improper influences, by violence, or by fraud.
But the people of the United States are them
selves the all-suilicient guardians of their
own rights. and t9,suppose that they will
not remedy, in dn> season any such incidents
of civil freedom, Is 10 suppose them to have
ceased TO be capable of selEgOyernment.-I
The President of the United States has not
power to interpose in elections, to see to
their freedom, to canvass their votes, or TO
pass upon their legality in tho territories
any more than in the States. Ifhe had such /,
power the government might be republican
in form, but it would be monarchy in fact; !
and il he had undertaken TO exercise it in
the case OF Kansas, he would have been
justly subject to the charge Of usurpation,
and OF violation OF the dearest rights of the
people OF the United States.
Unwisc laws, equally with Irregularities
at elections, are, in periods of great excite
ment, the occasional incidents Of even tho
lreest and best political institutions. But
all experience demonstrates that in coun-
try like ours, where the right of self cOnsti- !
tuition exists IN the completest form, the at
tempt 10 remedy unwise legislation by re- I,
sort to revolution, is totally out of place
inasmuch rs existing legal institutions afford
more prompt and etlicaciOus means for the
redress of wrong.
L confidently trust that now, when the
peaceful condition OF Kansas affords oppOr-
tunity for calm reflection and wise legisla-
ton, either the legislative assembly OF the
Territory, or Congress, will see that no act
shall remain on It's statute hook yiolatiye of
the provisions of the Constitution, or sub
yersiye OF the great objects for which that
was oruained and established, and will takc
all other necessary steps TO assure to its in
habIs.Dis-tie enjoyment, without obstruc-
tion'or abridginent, of all the constitutional
rights, privileges, and inmuntiss OF ci lies
Of the United States, as contemplated by
the organic law OF the Territory.
Fuil information in relation to recent
oyepts in tins Territory will bo found in the
documents communicated herewith from
the Departments Of Stltc and War.
lrcler You TO the report of tue Secretary
Of the lrelsury for particular information
con erning the finan ial condition of the
government, and the various branches Of
the public service connected with the Treas
ury Department. an rrfn n.g
Daring the last fiscal year the receipts
from customs wgre, for the first time, more
than siSty-lOur million dollars, and from all
sources, sevepty-thrco million nine hundred
and eighteen thousand one hundred and
forty one dollars which, with the balance
ON hand mp to the lst OF July, 1855, made
the total resources OF the year to amount to
ninety-twO million eight hundred and fifty
thousand one hundred and seventeen dollars.
I The expenditures, including three million
dollars IN execution of the treaty with Mex
icO, and excluding sums paid on account of
the public debt, amounted to sixty million
one hundred and soyenty-two thousand four
hundred and one dollars, and, including the
latt-r, TO seventy-two million nine hundred
ami iOrty-eisht Thousand seven hundred and
ninety-two dollars, the payment ON this ac-
count having amounted to twelve million
! seven hundred and seyenty.six thousand
three hundred and ninety dollars.
On tho 4th of Match, 1858, the amount
Of the pablo debt was sixty-nine million
one hundred and twenty-nine thousand nine
hundred and thirty-seven dollars. There
was subsequent increase of two million
seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars for
the debt of Texas, makinga total of seventy
one million eight hundred and seyenty-nine
thousand nine hundred and thirty seven dol
lars. OF this the sum of forty-hve million
five hundred and twenty-five thousand thru
hundred and nineteen dollars, including
premium has been discharged, reducing the
debt TO thirty million seven hundred and
thirty seven thousand one hundred and twen-
ty.nine dollars; all which might be paid