The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-01-16

existence continna nee There no era Is ha coz
siuton i,se in rsbae OF ia Trainers, Of any
expectation npprehsnsn OF the ins tuition main
tenADce Of slavery by national Jaw, or IN national feri
tory No one iciPated its enon oeyona The limits
OF The existing States
But tine people required additional security. When
therefore, Virginia sugge ted amendment al the Con-
We, liberty or property, but oy the is~ ii the lead"
Congress refused to sanction this restricted guaraaty
but proposed for the adoption ct the States snead
mint embracing comprehensive and express interdic
sgalns al invasion of persooat ights by the general
gcvstlment That in'erdct, inside part Of CSnsiu-
ton by the consent of he States il la these Words
mo person shall be de ,rlved Of life liberty
or property without doe of law" SO long
Ptovi'i iemans unaered it is not easy TO zee how
slavery can be ccnsiutionsiiv introduced anywhere
tionai territofy
This brief statement will suffice show what was the
pehy and what vas the anticipation OF the founders Of
ths epuec In respect to slavery. Their policy was me
OF repression, nIia'ion, encouragement they sntc,
peed with confidence the au picous result of universal
freedom. Persistent adberen;o t. their policy wo4d
60 lbIess have realized their authorizations.
Iced not ray you that this policy .s not bse, al
hefed need trace the gradual PROCESS by which
the constitution has been wrested fro ts ogina par
pores and the government has been inverted an
instr n EFT Tor the maintenance and extension OF
BY Selsions FRI slave st by treaties with
reign governments, vast Territories have been acquitted
10 I'LL OF which shs original polcy o. the COVE
quiret proh siion of W itch was proh bton
actually applied, until resistance the ,nc
nsery ana the slave power ia the repuolc by the sd
mission o. hssour as State I'D to the great
test between the extensonss aud the e.trlc mis- t
which ia 1870 Terminated Ia the adjustment generally
known ~ the Missouri co1 promise.
The terms of that compromise these that MI
II should be admitted with slavery tina. save y ,ud
be forever prohibited in the territory a,anirsa finn
France, uor,h 81 80 degrees 80 minutes ex sept Missouri
and that Congress should RETAIN The pro lea IT.
from legislative prohib o avery # 70 deg
% ninutes his last Term WAS only ped il not
expressed.
This compromise, in substance and effect. was con
pact be- *een The siaveholdpg AID Ionsavehoding
tions q ne conhpy and was universally 70 regarded
yiel &c to slavery lutey the territory nv
Missouri snd it len without the protec ion Of proho
ell the residue of territory acquired utter the Freuch
treaty, south of 30 degrees 80 minutes As original
policy OF tn. county and the trae principles of
sti'uloB, required The exclusion of slavery from The
whole Of this Territory sed that thi,
atjastuen woui1 be ieceived witt mucd sstu.fcM n
in the free States 1t was 81 received; bus at time
Tor The sake of peace aud the full belief tnat les tt
puaons In respcc to he territory north of so deg .es
so minutes YOU'D be faithfully observed the people g.uc-
rally acqui-sced in 1t.
Concession Invites aggression Having suceedei in
es'atshirg slavery Ia Missouri the ser soon
nss.e upon me mn led term Of tue compromise
positive stipulation fol- the ao of slavery souta c
80 degrees 20 ninu e4not opy in the te, ieory nc.
qoireu from France but in all her terrific y wleaeyer
and hove-er acquired, in which saverv might exist az
The TINE If acq1l itiJn.
This Interpretation was taciy ADMITTED; and under
The compromise, thus interpreted Arkansas Taxa, ANA
florida came into the Union slave states uni rhe
small remaioder OF the territory south Of 90 og 80 min
was allotted to siavsholding lnoian tribes.
All the terri y south OF the Missouri line whether
acquired heoie after she date Of the p uie was
thus incorp raied into slave States or 40
W utuer tne shveuOI1lpR
Of the compact. Nothing vas left teedom etls.
me nj by noLsay eho1ing freenen except he TERRITORY
north Of the Missouri line Tue free Of this teri
tory, IT was thought Was firmly secured iuarante
oy the constitution pro ed by original lcy gaafded
by q compact In tho fulfil menu of which SO mnca had
vie dd that it ned impos iple for -ls,erF Itself
to ask more the people Of the free never dreamed
that it could be invaded endangered Bat this
anticipation proved lu'ory. When the time arrived
with view to OPEN 1t for settlement and culti-
vation the country was .ounded by the de-
nand OF the slave power for the abroga ion Of
the Missouri pre- hibon At fist the demaud vas heard
win fncredulons amnzement ana then with unavaiug
Indignation 1t avaied nothing to appeal to pighted
taitb-nothing to appeal to ancient policy tu
oual guarantee The great dominant power of slavery
the sacrifice Of freedom and the collation. must
BE- made. The Missouri prohibition was repeaied; tbs
compromise 1870 performed to the letter and tar be-
yond the letter, by the free States broken up aud
destroyed BY the save States To avoid the fumeat Of
only sipua ion in favor of freedom.
lne pretences which this wrong perperated
give additional ktenness TO the sense Of injury.
hs pawer 10 pobb
had b en- exercised by the first Congress under the
s.tu'on in The act providing for conunuug in full effect
the ordinance of 1887. The constitution, in ex-
press terms had conferred Congress the DO wer to
maze all needful rules and regulations concerning
the territory Of the United States. This pr'vi ion
necessary territorial eeisla Almost every Congress
had exercised the powe and almost every mad
power to prohibit slavery pc wer to esabsh
territorial governments and TO define their departments
0uC powers, ana tLereIOfe CenynQ the power o.
hitiiion reduced the necessity of denying tnat
the greater includes the less.
Under these circumstances, after the prohibition had
rem aimed unquesoned for more than the third If
fury, the denial OF its CONSTITUTE naty rather PROVOKED
indignation han excited doubt.
was, also, insisted that the doctrine of popular
sovereignty required the repeat OF the prohibition This
was mere abuse of terms The true idea of popular
sovereignty demands "a primary essential c,ndon
no genuine popular sovereignty whore portion
Of the population is enslaved. The prohibition OF
scvepsay Of the pso n Gs sense Sc
signifies nothing but the right porIi of the co@ma
My to en- lave he rest II begins by the denial Of the
natural rights Of man. il must end in the total subver
sion Of the fundamental principles of American insita
tut ms. For free and independent people, it would
substitute community OF masters, dependents, and
slaves.
Such Is the repulsye theory In practical operation it
has not proved attractive As enb ,6ed in the Ne
bTaska Kansas BILL it has been fruitful OF nothing but
evil. IL has not conferred single substa al benefit
upon the settlers Of either Territory Ia respe;
they Distinguished from the settlers of Minnesota where
SLAYER prohibited except by exposure to It's egis The
sole special effect Of the Nebraska Kansas the
Territories organized under it is open them to tue in
PRODUCTION OF slaves. In Of them it has ted to des
perate attempts to effect that obje:o iuv asion usur
patti n, violence, b'oor shedalnost TO civil Crimes
like these are no. the legitimate fruits OF that doctrine OF
popular sefgovernueat, to he msn.cnsace of which
our fathers peoged their lives their fortunes and their
he. Gr
In all these tbrgs State has deep and pecu-
liar interest Our history furns tue most som.
plete vindcaton of the policy of slavery prohibition
We occupy in part the soil protected FROM blight Of
slavery by the ordinance Of 1887 For than half
century the peope OF Ohio have been accustomed re-
gard hit ordinaoce with mingled emotions of gra
and PRIDE. Conspicuous among it's provisions and in fit
companicnship with its sacred guarantees Of religious
freedom OF beralty towards inning ants of the invola
bify of private contracts of the security OF private
property, and Of universal eucaon, stands the great
erdict against slavery, acknowledging aud partially
protecting the rights OF The TO rhi ID
always when seeking in the ordinance pecu
liar springs OF wonderful prosperity and progress
are those which emccdy this proh Never did he
noble pioneers who laid the found atoms which we
joyfuE build, complain of that interd,cs Ms an
anii cement of any rights, personal political.
On the contrary they have SPOKEN of IT the pill
lar Of fire by night ond OF cloud oy day guided and
protected them in the wilderness More than any otnee
state, Ohio, the first born Of the ordinance and in
debed to the ordinance for proud position as the
third State Of the coneceracy, and first among the
Saes s bound to cherish and defend its great
hcent principles. In doing shall be fellow workers
with it's ilas,rous trainers in their declared policy
and Of extending the fundamental principles Of
civil and religious liberty whercon these bcs their
laws and constitutions erected, and fixing and