New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-02-01

CccUpalb0LS
advantages without receiving any equiyslents Bu,
/, 10 be remembered that the United States denied
absolutely the British title 20 their colonies occupatons
and dominions In Central America; and secondly,
thew Rad antaeonisticai rights 20 establish colonies,
occupations and domnions there by virtue of the con-
tract and two treaties extended to them by Nicaragua
whose title they held to be paramount TO that of Great
Britain To avoid this conflict between Themselves,
the parties agree to abandon Cesral America TO the
States existing there 70 whom IL belongs. Pressed by
the American argument Great Britain comedies that
u treaty limits and modes her protectorate. But abe
cannot stand that ground, because the treaty spec
fee no limitations or notifications; and the language
which confesseSly works them out equally works
complete discontnuance and abandonment OF the fro
tectorate herselE Lord Clarendon attempts TO derive
contempManeous expositiOn favorable TO the Brtisn
construction from the conduct OF Spain and the United
States previous 10 the treaty. Spain did not indeed,
renonstrate against the PrOectorate during the art
years Of her power in America, but she bad abundant
occupation in defending them against her lhsufgshs
provinces. The United Siates did not challenge the
legality of the Protectorate before lsi9 although IN
yfed 70 do 20 by Central America and the States OF
Honduras, Guatemala and Nicaragua. But then they
had ACQUIRED no title and interest which would au-
tborze their Intervention. When that title and that
interest were acquired, they promptly and explicitly an
nounced 10 Great Britain their Teconcia bic opposition
10 her maintenance Of the Protectorate. L have
already given the protest made by Mr.. Rives. give
now the ltngula,e iMr. Clayton as expressed BY Mr.
Lawrence:
as Great Britain willing that the question Of her
altered Proectorate should be the bar OF the public
opinion Of the world, Does she believe that she obtain
credit for having from Correction tnst NE MOS
she disposed hazard The notoety Of the fact that the
] Of s, region T. 100 transparent 70 conceal the atures
Of the sovereign Can Great Britain imagine that the
commercial nations Of the world will facility allow her by
means inyidous obtain substantial and exclusive control
the sh, the Pacific by The port Of San Juan and
the Of that wres the sovereignty over mat
reon from the rshiful proprietary In such ITetens 0ps we
sie Doc. q. ?. l9, vol! 8, ID SEES SD Cong
Lord Clarendon next resorts TO refinement Of crlti
csIn quite extraordinary in such place. lie refers
10 the stipulation by which the parties agree to invite
all Powers friendly TO either of them TO enter into sp-
ulatons similar TO those contained in the treaty; and
argues that this agreement would include the Central
American States, while If they should accept the inv
taon and sign the treaty, they would thereby, accord
ing the American construction renOunce.the IeTl-
tories in which they exist. The most cursory reading
of the stipulation, with its context, shows that two
classes of States are contemplated-one class, not
those existing in Central America the other, those
which are established there Odly the frst class are
invited TO enter into stipuatiOns similar TO the present
treaty, and they also invited to follow the example
of the contracting parties and enter into especial trea
ties with the second class, namely, the Central AmeTl-
can States ] leave this controversy of words, and,
following the distinguished negOtators, rise to the
hight Of the great argument. Mark, pray you, the
manifest conflict of the British exposition with ITSELF
In his statement OF the 18th OF September 1885, LORD
Clarendon argues thus:
II treaty had been intended act upon and terminate
The Prcteetorate Il woa.o eSs. ecn p ~ & e,
spd rights which up 70 the conclusion convention
had claimed 10 maintain
Again. and on the same hypothesis, he writes:
The treaty would then have imposed upon Greet Britain the
Obligation aud rights without any equiv
aent enuncstOn on the part Of the United States'
Again:
Obea withdraw from portions of territory occupied
by then the 90 Of the Central American states
the territories in which they situated"
Once mole he writes:
The British either have the wish extend the
the OF thelf influence IN
that quarter would any British interest be promoted by do
ing g. British Government not prepared to con-
tract either the OF the other -
You see AZ once that in these branches OF the dis
cu,sion the Protectorate no unsubstantia hadowy
thing but that, the contrary it is political nsti-
tuition having the elements of possession, occupancy
and dominion. Listen to biz LordShip while with
equal skill he plays upon lower key. In biz state
ment Of May g 1851 he writes:
proper that he Msjesy's Government should at once
that her Majesty has never held any possession whatever
Mosquito county But although Great Britain held no
Mosquito country she undoubtedly exercised
and extensive influence over ss the protecting ally OF
the Mosquito King"
Nj Buchanan confounds the conditions Of
egny and rIoeeoIae and amer s & ,5s soy
exercise dominion AZ agreement not 20 protect WIN
not claim OF bold any sovereignty over Mosquito"
Here the British Protectorate dissOlves into faint
and indistnct shadow, and a Mosquito Kingdom rises
I'd before us perfect in outline and majestic IN pro-
portions of those graceful yet majestic struc-
lures which delight n in the Arabian Nights Enter
tainments. take leave 10 say, that treated not
with Mosquito King and Mosquito Nation, but with
her own Most Gracious Majesty and the people OF
Great Britain They cannot now renOance the charac
tens they then assumed and substitute in their places
unreal or real parties whom they did not then IN
roduce. But IN fact; there was not then nor Is there
now either Mesquite Kingdom or Mosquito King.
First. There no such Kingdom or King, be-
cause by the laws OF nations, there could be none.
Grant fer the sake Of the argument that there IL
tribe Of Mosquito Indians, and that they have chief
who is called by Others and regarded by themselves as
every inch KING grant, that with whatever .oTm
and ceremony this cacQue, and even his predecessors,
through long line, ascending beyond the discovery OF
America crowned in their own DOMAIN, OF IN Ja-
uaica, by then own people, or by British subjectS-
still the facts Indisputed that this nation and their
King sayages, who were found existing within
the known geOgi apLca and territorial limits OF Gndi-
emas, province Of SpalO, on the earliest colonization
OF America, and that they remained there until the
revolution within that province, by which became IN
dependent, and ;ha; they have remained ever since
in the the same territory, within the geographical
limits of the Independent States OF Honduras asd
Nicaragua, and possibly Costa Rica. BY the unl-
velsal custom of European and American States
savage tribes, although they are permitted 10 exer-
else some municipal powers, have no actual or high
ssveree nty Even when they have never been displaced
orsubdued the sovereignty, nevertheless resides IN the
State nation which exercises directly, OF derives 20
itse, the title acquired by European discovery. Il
was by this universal law tba; Great Britain acquired
and e. long maintained that sovereignty within the
territory OF original United States, which she
signed to them by the treaty of Versailles, in ls3 By
the same law France acquired and held that dominion
in Canada and the valuable West India Islands, which
she 60 reluctantly transferable Great Britain the fall
of Quebec, in 1853. BY the same law spain acquired
that title the FOrdGs and vast regions IL LOUISIANA
and Mexico to which the United States have succeed
ed by purchase Us well az the extensive countries
in Mexico, Central America and SOutL America, which
have passed from under her dominion, end gone under
the sway of the Spanish American Republics. Il was
by the same law that Denmark acquired her posses
sions in the West Indies, and that Portugal acquired
Brazil; and the empire OF Brazil stands now on the
L. Hos,