Southern shield., 1856-10-25
Manufacture of ReaE Otto of
 Roses.


 Roses.
 1t is perhaps not generally known that the only pure article of otto or altar of. roses is manufactured in Turkey and we therefore presume that a brief description of the pro- cess of manufacture will be interesting at least to the lady readers of our paper. The principle seat of the manufacture is in the district of Hassanlik which comprises about 36 villages, and is situated about two hun dred miles northwest of Constantinople.- The district is devoted almost entirely to the cultivation of roses, and during the harvest ing season which is from the lst of May to the middle of June, the country for miles beyond the border of the district, is redolent with the odor of roses. The cultivation of the rose and the extraction of the oil, occupy nearly the whole time of the people. In the distillati0n ofroses, the water that comes off IS successiyely re-distilled, and finally the oil being lightest, rises to the top, and is skinned off, It is limpid, with the tinge of orange color. Itis said to take three huu- dred thousand roses to yield one ounce of oil. This oil is brought to Constantinople in dramatically sealed copper vessels varying in size from those capable of holding an ounce to those which hold seven pounds so that, at the regular market price ($6 an ounce one of these copper cases may be worth $500. The ordinary amount produ- ced in Hassanlik is q little less than 5000 pounds. At tConstantinople the oil is put up in gilt bottles, manufactured expressly for the purpose in Bohemia. The rose water which remains from the distillation after the oil has been skinned of, is sold for eight or ten cents quart, and is used by Greeks and Armenians on all festival occasions. It has been stated that the otto is worth in the land of its manufacture. six dollars an ounce; and it is frequently sold here for Q much less amount. This apparent inconsistency is owing to the fact that the oil is susceptible of an extraordinary amount of adulteration. II was formerly mixed with sandal wood oil which Is valued at about one-twelfth as much as the otto of roses. Of late years, how ever, a new oil has been introduced to dilute oil of roses, and render it less OYer-power- ing; 1t is brought by the Arabs from Mecca. and is called by tkern "Shepherd's perfume" Itis extracted from a kind of geranium at a cost of two dollars per pound, or one thir- sixth the price of otto of roses. Both on account of its chepness a certain similarity of odor, and its likeness in color and weight to otto of roses, no other oil is so well adapt cd to mix with it and reduce it's strength.-I In the common oil of roses. found in the in the shops there is probable fifty per cent of foreign oils; and the difusibility of it's aroma is such that it may receive without preeeptible depreciation, in the opinion of ordinary judges, eighty per cent, of pure foreign especially of the oil of gera- nlum.
 There are individuals in Constantinople whose profession is to test the quality of the otto of roses, and this they are able to do with great accuracy, relying chiefly on their sense of smell. If piece of white paper be molstened with pure otto roses the oil will eyapOrate, leaving no trace,sbut mark of perfume. If 1t is mixed oil a stain will be left on the paper, without odor. America IS probably a larger consumer of otto of roses than any other country of an equal popula- s'ee. Bat the larger portion of the importa- ton IS sold to snuff manufacturers, to scent herewith their best snulFs.
 ~N~~O~~U~-~-~~o-o-~.~~0~O
 TIE GERMANS IN MARYLAND. -The Montgomery Nall in noticing their movements in Maryland, remarks with some spleen:
 And these are the people that South ern Americans were t0ld last summer, by the bogus Democracy, were all sound on slavery! These are the peo- pie for whom the bogus DcmocracyI built an especial plank in their five story platform at Cincinnati, These are the people that Southern Demo- cratic politicians have been so ready to entrust with the rights of the South! These are the people that the Cincin- nati platform invites to our shores
 We'll the retribution is earlier and stronger than we had expected Vel thought that there might be some slyI oetechons to the out and-ou Fremont platform of Black Republicans in the ffee otates, by the Germans. but we were noI prepared for such movement oy them n slaveholding State
 LOOK out for them next in Texas ,-| Ehe thunder has muttered there al- ready; the flash Of the lightning w7l De tha neZt manlfea+a+,on h