The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1856-07-16

on" III iiio'"is. nave no doubt that the
time will come when Col will work out
his own problem in relation to Africa
Carlyle says, l think with some truth.
that all the great events in the history of
man have generally been produced by a
single individual, or by but very few:
that the great reformation in religion was
produced by Luther; that Cromwell and
his associates in England produced a
Wondrous change in the notions of man
k'hd, IN relation to civil and religious ll,-
erty that new impetus was giver to
this ball by the American Revolution, of
winch Washington was the chosen instru.
ment OF Providence TO accomplish. Sir.
for aught know, it may be that. in the
providence OF God, in his own proper time,
deliverancc will be worked out for This
race. At present they are not fit for it.
out they are going on in improvement.
both mentally and morally. OF one thing
am sure-when that time arrives, some
moro mt instrument will be used tI,on
those who have now thrust themselves in.
to this business, prematurclv, and in y
manner wholly uncalled for. | doubt
very much whether Parson Beechcr will
oe chosen instrument in the hands Of
God for TIE purpose Of affecting this or
any other great and beneficial chance in
the affairs Of mankind.
Sir, as | said before, am not fricLten
ed by names. | am not alarmed bv the
fear that shall be held up in some future
fourth of July speech, or some col,cno
2ralion, or in the columns of some flEv
newspaper, as the advocate Of slavery
B lhat has no tcrrors for me. stand here
to icglSIate for this country as it is. If
The institution Of slavery Le an evil. TO
whom is 1t an evil? Is it to the master .
What injurious effect does it produce up.
on hm! Is he not as much of a gentle.
i"an, Is he not as n oral man, is
he 70. rs pious and religious a man.
is he not as distinguished for all the
cardinal virtues us the people Of any coun.
try on the face Of the earthl If he is
not, have not found out the fact.
IL 1t hc an evil to the African, where, I
ask, is his,coudition better? Is il in Afri-
Ca! Let Park and the travellers in that
country answer the question. i Lis con.
d't'on better i'll llayt; or Jamac.? Let
those who desire correct information on
that point, go 10 some FOUNTAIN OF truth.
and they will find il. would recon-.
mend every man WHO emba.ks in this con.
troversy with the hope of betterinr the
condition oi the African, 10 read the letter
Of Governor Wood, Of Ohio. On his way
to his consulate in South America. he
stopped at Jamaica. Let anv man read
what he says, and compare it with what
he may see at the SouI-uot what he
has read Ill Mrs. Stoves noycl-and Le
VIII find the truth Of what | assert, that
the condition of the African is better in
our Southern States than in any of those
countries in which he has been cmanci-
patcd.
| ask, further, is his condition better in
me East Is free negro in New Eng
land as well off us q slave who has cool
master! and nine out Of ten, believe |
might say ninety-nne ont of a hundred.
are good masters. Let the facts speak
Tor themselves. Look at the census. AL.
though emancipatio, has been going on.
and fugit'ves have been flying to the free
States, the census shows that, in the slave
States, the slave population has increased
infinitely beyond the increase Of the free
people ofco!or, with all these appendages.
In the free States. If you go to the re.
cords OF pauperism aud poverty, what do
you find F! You find that he is n being
Infinitely more degraded than the white
man. IN 1850, in the State of Massachu-
sctts, with q population of over 9Oo, 900
white inhabitants, there are $50 conyicts
IN her penltcntiaries, and Al black convicts
ont OF negro population OF 5000. In
Connecticut, there were LAG white and
80 black convic,s in her pemientiary. In
New York, you find the same dispropor-
ton.
Tie result is, that in Massachusetts
there Is white convict out Of avery 1922
whites, anl l black convict for every geo
negroes. ln New York, there is l white
convict IN 2,056, and l black convict in
l42. In Virginia, there is white con-
vici in 5,570, and black convict in H.
600. j do not suppose that these figures
present exactly correct statement in re
lation to Virginia, Cor Isuppose ths slaves
there are not punished in such way as
to exhibit IN prison returns the full result
OF crime. lpresume they are punished,
rs IN South Carolina, in some summary
way OF which no special record is kept;
but, so far ss Massachusetts and New
York are concerned, the question is set
tied beyond all controversy.
The rapid increase Of population in tie
ordinary way is 'ookedjupon by all writers
AS Que Of the strongest evidences .: inc
bodily comfort 1t least, of the subjects Of
1T. Crime and pauperism are the fruits,
not Of comfort and independence, but Of
want and destitution. The fact, that in
Massachusetts there is white convict out
Of 1922, and black convict out Of 2O2
exhibits state Of things, showing beyond
all question that in those regions Of boast
ed freedom the black man is in sad con,
dition. s.s
] am sorry, sir, that necessity compel.