The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-02-02
SENATOR T0OMBy LECTURE m B0STny
S L A v ERY:
ls Censtjtutieaa1 Status and lts IuGuenaa q.
Society and tho African Race,

L
lom georgia, recently delivered lecture on sIavar
IN sne fremont Temple. Boston. Our specisI ronor,
OF sent us telegraphio report Of Il and NJ ",
ioomos reception. Since then we have rece;ved
iun report OF the lecture which "a of suf,cian
importance to give in ertenso.
Mr.. To0EBs said -
propose to submit to you this evening an.o .orsx>
rations and reflections upon two points,,
The constitutional powers and duties Of tho fad
government In relation to domestic slavery
The influence OF slavery, 1t exists in the Uutth
States, upon the slave and society
| Under the FIST head shall endssyor 70 show tss,
Congress has power to limit restrain or In any ma.
ner to impair azvery; but the contrary Il b,unt
to protect and maintain In the States where it ex,ss
and wherever ese the flag hosss and its urisdic ion
| paramount.
On ths second point maintain thst 40 loas A. II.
African and Caucasian exist in the society," ths
subordinsncy Of the Acan tho normal necessary sna
proper condition. and that such subordinsioo Il
the condition best calculated TO promote tho nigh
est interests and the greatest happiness OF bosk
races and consequently d ts whole Of society, and
that the sbofton OF slavery under these o,udi-
tons Is not . remedy Of sny Of the evifs Of the
system. admit the truth Of these propositions stated
under the second poAt to be- essentially secsssay the
existence md permansncs OF tbs system rhsy -
the truth that the white is the superior sscs and the
black the infsror. and that sutordinaton, vita o.
without Law, will Ss thu status Of the Aficsa II ths
edsccety and therefore, the In crest Of bo ssA
especially of tbs black sn Of tho whole OF sseisI
that hs status sAou Ss fxed controlled protoetsa
BY law The perfect cquAiy q the supstor race, saA
legal suboadinaton Of the interior, the foundaao~s
on which bsve erected republican system. Its
souDdness must be tested by its conformity to chs
sovereignty OF right the law which ought govern al
people in ali countries Tbs sovereignty Of rgat Ia
Justice commonly calico national justce-not vxxus
uncertain maginngs Of mon, M ional justice ~
interpreted by the written oraclss and BY edt
Of the revelations OF natures God- In this re-
ccgnize "higher law" and tho duty Of ali men bS
legal and proper to bring every society 10
conformity with it l proceed to the oonsiders-
isrn Of the first point Tue old thirseen states
before the Revolution wers dependent coioliss ol
Great Bitain. Essh . sepsras anu disiosi
political community, with different Laws, aud eseh ss
Independent and soversgn STATE ~ Declare
ten of Independence. Al tho time Of the Deci.rsen
slavery was 'acs ard fact recognized by lag n eASa
of them and the slave trade lawful nnsrce b
the laws Of nations and the practices Of mankind. ThA
Declaration was drafted by svshoder adopted ny the
representatives of savehoiders and enamel
single African slavs hut the contrary, one of the
charges which submitted to the cisirsd world sg.iAs
tic instruction among At the time Of ths DeclAa
ton We hal common government Tho srsio'es o
confederation submitted to ths Representative 0
tho States eight days Afterwards, and saost>
BY al. the States until 1881 These oruce snd tupesc
articles Of Union sussd bring successfully throogA
the Revolution Common danger Was . stronger ooao ~
union than these articles of conedsrston After tnss
sessed they inadequate to the purposes Of
Tnsy did not emancipste . sing slsve,
dale Ala
By the State Legislatures. II emAnsa,a
from the sovereign states indep ndsnt sepsrsps
communities 1t ratified by conventions Of taAss
tepsrate States each acting for itself The
hers Of these conventions represented tbs sOvr-
regny of each State but they not elected oy she
whole leoels of either cf the States. Minors womae
slaves IL isns Africans, bond ana tree excluded
from participa ing in this act of sovereignty nsithss
all The white maIe inhabitants twenty
years allowed to participate in 1t. some OF them wore
excluded because they bad torfctci the right others
because they had not the requisite qualifications othsss
s1an for stn Objectionable None exercised
this high privilege except hose upon whom each State os
ITSELF hsd acjudged wise ssfe and prudent to oonfss ~
By th constitution these sa.ss granted ths Ests~ai
governnsn. certain well defined and clearly specified
powers IL order to " make perfect union esAc
lish justice domestic tranquility provide for the
COMMON ceence aud general welfare and to secure The
bessI Of liberty to heusevee aud their) posterty
And sib great wisdom and forethought 1t lays do
plain, certain ard sufficient rule for lis later prs.a
ion by declaring that "the powers not hsrsu dssgaed
to the United States by the constitution proibsa
BY II to the States, reserved To the StAsss
respectively or to the people" Il is therefss
q limited government. 1t Is ated expreeay
s b. !. od ana such o1s o
cu'fon" the enumerated powers. TIE purposes for
wp,ch these powers granted neither noeesss
fe.ych thAvv nvant tnnou
sl by the nefcency Of tne powr~s
10 secure them, that would he gool for
grant, cut could &c the granted powers r,st
declaration WIS itset imtat,oo instead Of an snls e.
inert Ut these roSers II a power expressly granted -
used fer any other popo-e than hose declared such
would be vialad of the grant and fraud the
tGdon There l. rot ing wi hin ths scope of the
ers purposes o. The constitution vhich gives tns
sghsst fancuor 10 aDsiavery action Of Congress.
The his ory Of the tines and the debates III.
ten which the cousiuu9D, show that ths whos
them in the .xtrome" and hat those provi5ns of the
ccps ucn W. ich related T. IL earnestly
Cd by tire State conventions which ,,ted it. Incist
lei.stiop poviding tor emancipation had already
accepted by some OF he States Massa husatts had d.
csIsd tha slavery ex,ipgusnsd by be Bill Of Right.
The African ssvs trade had al eady been egisAte st
in many Of the s'ass including Virginia, Mary snt
North CarolDs, the largest ssvsholding States. re
pubic miDd wss nnquesttooaely tend t0wsrus
cpsicn This feeling displsye, iiseB Ia the south
wti ~ ire North SINE m Ne deegstes from the pre-
sent a,.a sl',sholdns s.se, thost .as. the power %
the sates ought 10 be given the federal gcvsrppeus
and that the constitution cid not take this shsps
made of he most prominent objections to Lu
,hei Martin distinguished msmoer u tina couventoe
from Maryland aud Mr.. Mason, OF Virginia, not far
behind htm II bis ems, cipson prfr cspes Mr.. Msison
sympathzeo - great extent 10 much greater extsat,
than OF the representatives Of Massachusetts in
thie srsisvery feeling. Hence We and that anti ssvsry
feelings were extensively iDau ged by many menoefs Of
he ertlon, beth from the slavehod,ng and n,D
sfs,ebofcrg states But II rather 10 knov
.hat was The Collective all Of the Whole as affirmed oy
the sovereign States, not what opinions o. nd
vdua men Ia the convention We wish % know whss
done by the whole not what some OF the nembers
ught rest 10 he done The result OF the strug
gle tbs. not sicge clsrse WAS inserted la tue
itutiop giving power TO the teoersl governmen
ans where eiher t. sbolish limit, trsin IN
other manner impair ,he systen Of slavery In tha
upi,ed states; but the contrary every clsue who
wss ipsertsd In the constitution this suhjex
sct srdvss .enosd eterito increase sNstrength
1, or to protect It, To support these psia rms 40,
zeal the constitution ITSELF to the and
all subsequent authoritative interpretations n rhs
constitution provides for the increase OF slavery oy pro-
bbitipg The suspensien Of the slave ysde for svssty
years after ix adoption. II says IN he nrst oaAuse "