The south-western. [volume] (Shreveport, La.) 1852-1870, 1856-12-24


ing expedition through the section of countr,
recently acquired Of Mexico, and known as th,
"Gadsden purchase . or Arazonia, and por
ton OF Sonora. The sketch was originally pub
lIshed IN the Los Angeles Star
In June last, Mr. Washburn's company lef
camp, 100 miles up the Colorado Their route
lay along the banks of the ella, up which they
travelled. They found vegetation generally
scarce, the soil appeared very rich, but uires
irrigation. There was an abundance of cotton
wood and musquit timber, which grow along
the 9ver bottoms Having travelled 200 miles
up the ella, they reached the villages of Pine
and Maracopa. The inhabitants are Indians,
who live chiefly by agriculture, and raise corn,
wheat, barley, squashes, melons, and some cot
ton which they manufacture into cloth. They
also have horses. The Indians appeared to be
peaceable, industrious and happy, and treated
the party with the greatest hospitality. Leav-
ing the river nine miles above tile villages. the
aspect of the country changes, hills are FREQUENT
and the soil adapted for grazing purposes
From the Gila to Teuson. distance of so miles,
the country is open, with plenty of water.-
Grass was found in many places, the soil fer
tile IN appearance; but there is no facility for
irrigation. The valley of Teuson is from 20 to
IS miles broad from mountain to mountain, and
80 miles long. 1t is watsred by creek, which
at places sinks and appears again; after running
ten miles the water disappears one mile below
the town. The soil is generally fertile, altho'
alkali is found in places; it produces excellent
grass five feet high and where cultivated yields
two crops of wheat or barley and one of corn
Figs, peaches, grapes, etc, are found here, but,
perhaps for want of attention, they do not reach /
perfection. The town of Teuson contains 500 or
500 inhabitants, mostly Sonoranians, who live
II such dread Of the Apaches that they will
scarcely venture out mile from town. Several
American traders, miners, mechanics, and gam
'lers were there, in anticipation of the arrival
If corps Of C. S. troops; but they were most
y dissatisfied with the country. The natives
cast of the mineral wealth around them, but
o one has dared to prospect the country. \
rst-ml!l has been erected on the environs of
le town. The houses are built of adobes-
4 the mountains, 80 miles from town, there
re said to be an abundance of pine timber, with |
alter at hand, and numerous cites for saw "
ills; but whatever advantages the region NAV
'sSess will remain undeveloped until troops d
e sent into the territory to keep tie Indians in
eck and afford protection to prospecting par Ii
IS. President Pierce paid Santa Anna three u
four millions of dollars for this strip of ecrri- O
ry, and it now appears only reasonable that r,
+ citizens should have sufficient protection for tc
purposes of legitimate trade and explorng' tt
country. Let this be done, and Mr.. WASH &c
IN thinks, in very short time it will be as at
'talned what the Gadsden purchase does con- di
n. The mission San Xavier is nine miles BE-
18th west Of Teuson. A number of rancheros d,
lde here, who own stock and raise wheat, r
n and barley. 1t is a continuation of leu S.
valley, and capable of producing luxurious m
Ps When under the direction of the Je- th
is, 1t produced annually an average Of fully m
900 far'-8H Cd fhtts irnSha,s> OF -~,,~>. - nc
e stream disappears here. but soon rises in
I'm, ahording great facilities for irrigation. It'll
2 aisson buildings are in good order, and co,
CHI larger than such structures usually are. ert
y cost the Spanish government 1888, $50. all fro
Which was refunded by the Indians. The s,;
rch is in the usual catholic style, and the GRO
na paintings, engravings and carvings are Yer
GOD preservation. A march of 81 miles, co,
r deserted country, brought the travellers
ne SoPorl rancho, douglas, } which for
ing purposes cannot be excelled. Altho' y
cultivated, the country is all arabic. with put
slonal valleys capable of producing fine seq
s. Fifteen miles further on, is the Arri u"'
a rancho, now deserted, belonging to don tom
cIo Ortez, fine place for rearing stock. 'he
:ino Arrihacco tho,.oro,o..l =, dec
sden purchase l5or20 miles, and proceed eS
Bossena rancho, / 5 miles beyond the line, gun
h they also found deserted, the OLD adobe OF 81
betsy all that now remain Of tha hoh;t. upo
he country is broken and hilly. but ~
adapted for agricultural purposes. Near The
anche large pieces of silver have been pIac
on the surface of the ground, one of '''a'
was valued at $500. Beyond Bossena erin!
e the country is broken and barren. ex- OF
On the water courses, until you reach the 'ne
OF Iubutami, on the Aqua Calient, 30 II
distant. There are about 600 inhabitants ship
town. most miserable specimens of hu. year:
y stepped in incidence, filth and poverty that
raising sufficient grain to exist UPON be tn
only food is ''pinola." They have Meth rec
OK nor swine, and never have fresh meat reno
Though game is abundant thew are too lengt
Oily to seek it. The Apaches are the ter pelIel
the country. A deer was killed BY Mr. most
burn and presented to the citizens, who heavi
ed 1t with tokens of the liveliest gratitude. 10 ma
meat Is not eaten oftener than once wear ions {
Sc people; but poor as they are, they been
pes to unprincipled traders and very hos archit
TO strangers. With the presence of = 1856