New-York daily tribune., 1856-08-29

w.,.y >, dimept bearing stream mikiog q ssssoi
or curve 10 s'l water mo'f deposit fs sediment, prn-
ipsly upoH the inne, sds of the curve, and tins form
10 ,6oaf waer The curve viii extend, and tie
sho.l in proportion. The Gulf Stream J. snch . clr.
rent nakng a strong sweep sro nd The P,ni Of
EIords The result Of this res.oning s ih1 The
swe, Of the curve Of the Gulf stream h:s been
,s,Jrg for ages and the pebiosuls bss kept p~s
with Il BY mears Of s.dmentNy deposit. VI sopp,ss
Fl.rids was once represented oy soo~i Oh ne same
sorm aud extent this shos mus, become coes'safy
iprl pna, ano tn,n ,be sme cause. IT, then, the Gaf
Stream carries sediment, the above concusoos maSs
n low This stream u supposed ID DC conunustof
yidipe at Cape ST. que, the northero orAnca uniting
18th n waters Of the An azon and Onnoc1 ranning
.Ionc the coast of South America, througn TIE Car
rbt an Sea ip.o the Gulf OF Mexico energng ee'.een
Eo,;d. and Cuba, ard rum ing of 70 the Lo1h Ihls
.,,asm We know carries the sediment ot the Amsfon
"a Oripoco in Wis bic form for several hundred a,es
Much of this il no doubt deposited along the Sou.h
American coast. bu' according 70 hamoo'd, much IS
carried into the Gulf Intofhe Cult sl<o poared the
vast smount of dimeIt OF the great Centssl Souh
Am, rican River, eere i.ly OF the M'ciss!PpL and
tbe,e turbd waters form the Gul' stream, Tor Lyelh
nroyeo that all Iheee currents and sIesu ue minee their
sters in this eat BASIC II was here shown that al
This se6im, nj could not be deposited IN the 0v ef
by calculations based upon the depth ana vssees OK
the Stresn and the distance 800 MI 60 rrom ,oe peaa
n the Misssippi 10 the Tortugss II was aso snova
II at .uch sinking of the sediment rom The sarses
would tske place that the Stream wouid nave ueI
and transparent stratum Of water at the top of some "
or 20 feet in seph at the elose OF tue seven
ouirec for il TO psss from the molth OF the n,ssspp
t the pojnt of Foric In this respect the Cut stream,
flowing between the banks Of stu water, differs from
a river brok by sIough bottom and mplusing upon
irregular siGes. The lower sIata OF the stfean may
then re 81 ed with sediment though the upper b. Gear.
OF other fact in relation TO the habits OF toe coral muc
he noea In tins come C on-Lamsy, that only exsd
in clear water. To cum up the foregoing 10 reg
words the theory uncer consideration Is MS -Fhlcn
was illustrated at length by diagram When toe
stIe am in sweeping around the poiLt OF tionis hh
psrt ed with much of s sediment as on the oN-
tom within 80 or 20 feet OF the surace, oecsme pos
sb for the coral 70 exist providing IT could find water
of 81 fceLt pDrity. This would be the ease az any
poiut 20 fer from the shore as TO be beyond the nha
ei ce of the suIs dtuI baIce OF the mud dePos tsd
aot the coast the shoal has rstn into the clear
surface rtra' um OF the sream As the botom forGed
by deposit is necessarily formed upon sops the em1
would fpd line parallel to tbs s1ore, along whicn
none of the conditions of it, exis'eace would be want
inc. ibis line would be that Of reef How the reef
would become line of keys, and the Keys III turn pc
con the coast and the sboa water withi become .ue
Everglades, has already been shoSn Dii 10y tne
,lend of Cuba interpose, this extersion OF Flonds
might 90 on ind. ibiely, but ss the passage narrow,
the of the current nect ssary increases sn1
is therefore hope that in this manner Cuos wih De
annexed The laws regul,ing The depoeilon Vi sed',
ment Al, sffcrd ar explanat on Of the long parallel
ridges the bottom of the coast OF Souh Caronns
in the bed of the Gut Stream Suppose tha; 70 OF
three submerged peaks ia the line OF tie baoans
Isancs stand Within the Stream. Behind the;e.p aks
there must be stl waters, or at least an eddy H.re
matter viii be eepo.ited by the waters ps'siag
over and beside them, aud the mater thrown
down will in turn offer an obstacle wnco
vii continue to cause the effect further and further
away from the orig nal point. Again, while the GdA
Stream is moving in curve around the pom, OF fion-
6a uearly all IL deposits will be made on the rver
side Of the curve, that uoon this point oet ateet
passing into the open sea, takes straight urse anc
beeir ~ depoit upon both sides aike. Hence oy
this theory the origin of the Bahama Banks. Another
very result of al this reaso' ING remss 10 20
lst,,ta Of nha N
current necessarily ncrtas its velocity The heat OF
warm current Is thert fore retained u lar grea0
dhtanct from the poibt Of departure. II wsi kao"a
that the Gulf Stream affects fsvoraoy inc clae y.
the nortbw ern poiti Of Europe Ihere notene
th. absurd in the that curing the decreose OF tue
breadth Of the Gulf Stre.m between Cu'a ana the
main hand opposte-a decrease OF huhdrede OF hfes-
the [. nipe Of the water carried scro Toe ocean
70 tie coasts of Irel And, Scotland and Norway has
been constantly rising and that from this cause aa IN
Gre asrg amelioraton of the climate OF thst part OIL
be Eastern continent has rerulted
Prof. SWALLOW of Missouri re marked that the
par lust read had given him greet pleasure, efOrf
ing asit dd another very striking Illustration OF the CO.
incde pce which often occurs between the developments
Of Geology and the teachings of Christian ehls aid
ootcsl economy. We are familiar with the amer.
rous facts in Geology which COZ rm the teachings OF all
Revelation, and how often geological Developments
limit ard circumscrbe the mts snd power OF ,tons
Heretofore the Cult Stream has aly pOtected
the fair Qdeen of the Antilles from the fhousterne
Pre- per siies Of Young America but this pspsr 10
bow Dg the gradual extension Of the Pen,nsua OF
Fl rida TOWARD Cuba is very siikias como ience
between the Developments of Geology and toe doc
trine Of Manifest Destiny, and wonderfully coDhr NJ
the doctrines promulgated by the Osteui Conferences
Prof. ROGERS said the Gulf Stream would forever
present ID assable baIibr to this extension Of the
peninsula, and Cuba would be safe.
Prof. SWALLOW replied that Prof Rogers had for
gotten the TACT sta ed in the paper that the sediment
brought into the Colt Stream by the Ms.is. ppi comes
entirely from the Missouri, that river of the Bord.r
| Rr6ians. He knew DO way Of preventing tina, sed-
neLt from building brcge to Cuba but by getting
the Sut Court TO issue Injunction agaIust toe
Mssours bringing down the lands of Kansas ami Ne
brBsha.
geology Of the region between the Mississippi; and the
| Pacihc
MATHEMATICS AND ASTRONOMY.
| In the Sc cton Of Mathematics and Astronomy DR..
PETERS read paper upon the advantages OF ODE
ing the trsDs Of SPIT upon tho moons surface. in
steec of the transit Of limb, for determining differ
| eDcee OF terrestrial longitude.
| PIOf. 5. ALEXANDER reat paper upon Temporary
Stars, at Is, Fixed stars, which have appeared
disappeared, or bth, within the hist,r, period. He
suggested tie ingenious hypothesis thes these
icnnct ut booitr, whose cooling rendered them non
Luminous but the first great geologic, rupture Of their
crust was s0fiics o. y extensive to re tore TO them
| temporary bplia cy. He 60 considered lhe origin
| Of the sphe,oidal forms of clusters and nebula.
DR. BRUSkow gave q oiscus.ion OF the elements OF
the AS. rtidsa valuable paper but Of purely tech
| nical character.
| MIR. VAUGHAN gave his theoretical views ION the
| stabi ty Of Satellites revolving In narrow orbits"
In the Subsection Of Chemistry and MeteOrology,
d. d. b. REID Of London exhibited the operation OF
Arg gss burner, with glass chimney, spps-
rsius beng attached pLder tte burner by which he
cOud regulate Of p azure the amount Of go ng in
sid. that going outside OF the flame, predicting thas
the mort singular ard complicated rotstory no.sns Of
the burirg gas and floating specks Of lsmpblaok lie
ihen gave d bref SccOunt vi The numeroas expert
II wbcb he has tried concerning the roary motion
Of TIE air under great variety Of circumsances, and
shOweo how the Results might aid in forming the)-
y of s;oims, but more particularly how il .ou ali in