The daily union., 1856-02-05

The letter Of Lord John Russell relating TO the con.
struction OF the oaytonBuwer treaty published in the
Washington Union of the 3lst Of january having been
read .a
! Nh. CLAYTON said:
1 Mr. PRESIDENT desire TO move the printing of that
communication hope that the Senate will order that five
hundred copies or some other moderate number in add-
ton TO the usual quantity be printed and that il will be
referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations shall
make such motion before sit down.
But my immediate object is TO cali the attention of the
Senate and OF the country to that letter. particularly
the concluding sentence OF it, and to its whole tone and
spirit The declaration soemnly made by the British
government 10 ours on the 10th day Of January 1853
then was hat Great Britain "intends adhere strictly
10 the provisions of the treaty Of Washington of the 10th
Aprip 1890 and not to assume directly or indirectly
any sovereignty over Central America" Sir we could
ask no more that is precisely what meant by the
treaty land that the language of Of those who was
Leading man in power at the time when the treaty was
made say sir, that il was under the administration of
this gentleman and his friends that the treaty with Great
britain OF the 10th April 1850, made and put il to
all iair men whether they who made the treaty with us
were not better competent put fair construction ON II
than those who came in afterwards under admins
tration, hostile TO that and believed to be
friendly to the objects of it True il that Lord Pal
merston was at the head of the Foreign Office at the time
the treaty was formed but his letters subject 10 the
direction Of the Premier he could write nothing which
the Premier did not approve of than then could
nave written any thing OF which the President of the Uni
ted States did nat approve Shortly after that letter was
written Lord John Russell went out of the Foreign Office
and Lord Clarendon came in, and Lord Pamerston in
stead OF Lord Aberdeen or Lord John RUSSELL stood the
head OF the administration Of the British government
From that tme and not until theu from the time OF the
cnange OF that administration commenced series Of hos
Tile entirely subversve Of the
true meaning OF the reaywhch at last have brought us
to the point where we now stand in peril of rupture with
Great britain.
Mr.. President need call the attention of the Senate to
the difference between the language here used aud that
contained in Lord Carendons letters to minister in
London which were lately laid before Congress Lord
Clarendon acting under the direction of Viscount Pal
merston the Premier takes the position that the treaty in
stead of operating IN present. is to operate so far
ates TO the interests of Great Britain in turo 1t is
says he prospective in its operation the effect of which
is to leave them in possession Of everything they claimed
when the treaty made, while il debars from the
acquisition OF an acre OF ground IN tue whole territory Of
the Central American States, Directly hostile and
tagonistc, as strongly as two positions be, the let
ters OF Lord John RUSSELL of those who assisted in
making the treaty. and were understood at the time to be
in favor of the treaty. and the declarations of the
British Secretary for Foreign Affairs acting under new
British Premier suspected at the time of being hostile to
the arrangement informing for the rst time that
the treaty vas prospective In It's operation, and did not
either retroaot nor act IN present. when 1t made
Mr.. President the able aud admirable State papers
which were submitted by our minister in London, in OPP
position to the special pleading and petexts Of the British
ministry baye discussed the sufficiently for am
quite satisfied lay the American preensons before the
world on the argument between Lord Clarendon and Mr.
Buchanan The annals of American diplomacy do not
eTniot specimen OF aonger clearer argument than that
presented n the last despatch of Mr. Buchanan 1t is com
elusive 1t had lis effect What effect 1t seuced ha
adversary and although he may remain in the position
Of man convinced against his will" II is hardly TO be
imagined that he not convinced by that argument
Sir before proceed further land do not propose to
address the Senate at length let us look at the position
which Niscount Pamerston and his friends in England
have occupied since they have been known 70 &c public
men, need GO b no tptner 70 illustrate their charac-
ter statesmen than to the period which Lord Clarendon
points out in his discussion with Mr. Buchanan the PEE
0d when she hrst commenced the assertion al her claims
the Central American coastto wit, the years 1888
1885, and lS40 instead of which Mr. Buchanan adds s4
have doubt that the files Of the Foreign Office there
Ia tn HE ulat,ar
10 Mr. Buchanan, declarations and assertions OF title in
portions Of Central America made by Great Britain 10
1898 1889, and ls4o Her design was then formed and
fixed end simultaneously with that the same men who
with all the saacIty which 10 highly characteristic of
them graspng territory the Mosquito coast
directing their attention 10 the East well to the West
II during that very period that they commenced and
prosecuted their cruel and unjust against Adghanis
tao. II during that very period too sir that they car
red their against the Beoochees and the people of
Cabu 1t at that very period that they seized the for
tfCaon and city Of Aden which controls the Straits Of
Babel Mandeb, through which the waters Of the Red
run into the Arabian and the Indian ocean, controlling by
that single key of all the treasures which flow
from that great gulf by the Of Arabia Felix the
Arabian desert Beoochisan and the countries beyond tho
Indus And sir, what preeXtfor disce omnes-
under what preext were these seizures made at Aden
among the Ahgbans the Beoochees and the people OF Ca
bul2 Was there reasonable preex OF right the part
Of Great Britain for instance when sho took and seized the
forfcaou that commanded the Straits Of EabeMandeb2
Sir viii read from American work 70 disclose the
character Of British aggression lest should be charged
against them, but viii read few sentences from Brit
ish work and able oue-Blackvoods Magazine for the
year lgia-whch show the grounds and miserable pre-
texts upon which they seized this town and ortfcaton Of
Aden On page 4S4 Of the 53d volume OF Backwood for
the year s43 you find the whole subject discussed The
writer says;
The process BY which we obtained this footing In Arabia
strictly In accordance with the maxims Of policy adopted
by the then rulers Of British India and which they
tie time engaged in carrying far extend
cd scale, in Afghanstsn. In both casesperhaps from
benevolent anxiety to Accommodate diplomacy to the
primitive ideas Of those with whom we had To deal
The good old rule
SuIiceth them, the simple plan
That they should take who have the power,
And they should keep who can
was basis of proceedings and though the
brilliant success which for time attended phanhropio
exerons In the OF good order and civilization beyond
Indus completely threw into the shade the minor ores
Alden that this latter achievement attracted scarcely
public attention at the time Of its is merits
quito sufficient ene II a detailed notice than It
has hitherto received in the pages Of Maya"
The author then proceeds to show the taods opsrdnd
by which Great Britain has extended her power and her
proectorates the world until she rules more
than hundred and thirty millions Of people the
globe. recommend TO every who wishes to under
stand that subject the perusal of this article Acr show
ing the utter want Of all just preext for attacking the
Arabs at Aden the writer concludes among other obser
vaobs by saying many things which could wish to
read hut am compelled to condense what have to
and therefore shall read only few sentences At
ter informing that all bis statements taken from the
official accounts published by order of the government be
/ says;
In whatever point OF view consider the tansaction,
think scarcely be denied that u reflects little credit
the national character for handed justice and ar
dealing Even IL the and saroir fairs which Captain
anes be admitted have displayed in eminent de
gree the execution OF hs Instructions had succeeded IN In
mdatnp the Arabs into surrenderng the place without
hova IN 10