The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-01-27


possible FRI IN the neeioninx OF June % no EN- u
,ember. The Greeks Of X.nopno,, me Romans Of
~ copqu sror Nadr snsh .rnt ~ slTsing aud oit
expesie c. 10 know what immense di.cui lea oppose
htary Pr' gees thee cl'irg aoy "'hsr season o tbs
pr. The roman soldlers became in ~ar1y caiisd by
liking the ics cold water, and toe ;eass thsir
popbon wad.d through snow tx fse III oeptl- caey
ample cause fps their Joyoas sh. uts woen they
ngnt sight of greea and g.uts Eux,ue snors vale
~ were descending he frlghtiul winciug paths tom
Armenian highland abcye Al That tlms thy had
rect idea respecting rev slicn ot Arl.ata d
inhusnce produced temperature and climate svea
southern regions, ny varisions Of altitude The r.,
hns ming hey clio from the gen Al Pontic ;past
ID the remains Of the 'honsan coming fsom wasm
esop 4tamia, aatcnisbed the me iac en-
cy Of the Armenian a. mospbcre.
(Der PA<hA starting rom B.roum, could only reach
"a ole tsnd OF ksrs by msrcnog hrooga the val uf
horok via Artvin. Tbs highest pass he hna sross
re- is upwards vi 500 fest above ihe The slope OF
Armenian Alps is much e,esoer io IN. crscsiol Of
sharA and Lasis tan toan in tha OF he creozocd did,
ut. II IL precisely from this sae toat the Armchair
tive fastness u least essbls place do tina
sink here eep below the sve Of mountain
hich are covered wi usi Travels and
vi ey Kars across the no, ,he4.ern mountan RI 4.
the Lsses, but AXE the asu1i QUITE Z III ire ,fzonh
iough bsbu-s TO E'zsroum. 1t csr.vans alone csanot
ntuIe to undertake the journey NV >smies vito
eeir bsgHsge and wag III trsits d. spY
Even upposiDg the Tu-ss had had beasts bartdsn IA
hfcispt numbers they a0uld 40 longer have m cied
trough the 1chnIoE valley In 0stoosr las flts way
hing TO the frequent cees and passage OF streams
rough ravnes with steep and often o. .tts
rock on either sice even toan the lofy
las Of Hcsta BuDar, between B,i out ADD Erzsrauu.
ere also to assume IT, at sroy coaio his
evsted tract sea iy rs fast Ut me trAdiog
rAvan', with is and mules Om-r Paah4 would
hve requfe I'd between twelve Jays reach tue
ountsin plain Of r. zeroum b&tonm, and fcom the
ain VI e. xerOum shout the nno u Est through
he ssgnsn lu ara ~ Tar the t tina hir
hich the table land OF Kals beos gs lncludin3 che
ays he would be forced to set apart r rest at
accordingly coulo no. reach he fortress unier
ohih, even he pose all he Islusit, snsaus Of
snsport Was and field guns rolius upoo snssls
ALI me nj ltrAe
Armenia III this di tan where cautious ADJ
ne tread = sumpt+r osssts uoss Dot pressat nisIsl
s nnd as ents. On er Pahs Gus have lxi vita hn at
asst 20 CO. Lf such animals cary naa ions sui pro-
isis Ms, oue such nnmce' not e. f1uni Ia toe
nd and could cas- nave ,een cpnvsyed to atm by
oi pug from / hurupo. In the npusn 4 Move oer
10 m main ps-s OF the Saghan!u o.ssean kirs au1
the sea-oec mes quite ia pssssbe Cue 40. ;sue1
uds in that aca ity ase wretch bay oad al ss,i3on
BE- PssbA OF Erz-foum too cult do nothing n,ce la
c,0her for artillery could then act % tranpore aud
II soldiers would p uban'y have iOss
In position to Tho mighty inpeduneo raised ~
uIe and such an adv.n SOFAS IN 4 year. nse
ssba hsn really cho' go de mvsts 70 leave
he garrison kars to lis fate, i'n si /, d.
sion agsnst Mingrelia and In.rssa pscnap. ia tue
ague nope thai Moafavisf gu Earning ku ais and
i- ths enei wouii fai,u ms s,sxe % nass and
Georgia. Whe her fax sh - ,er sss,no
|eriousy indoistd IN sich illusions or not wa,a Diam
|sg has divsrsi0o cano0t He OK ssd to d.
oDe hing In difference - pu tic oDiaon tn&s exilts
lttie even In furhey-soms hog thai nisa look Is he
Wished TO Kays march dire ct tbs place w.s
IMPOSSIBLE for be already e. tie has ta-re
|&re, operated against the deep Icy OF tho PhAsi
which he could ea-iy reach ~nse tie ctim4e ia
winter IL mild j. the only stsp I'D to
lake II taken foc the putp ~ si,rmcg the
map In r liefUr Turkish winch you'd sn.oie
lis more easily to follow WITH he eye Dpsr AiJas In
hat sest Ut the has not yet ited Ia
uence OF The imperfect top apa,ea kaoSstzs " stu
ave Of that region UshskoE has pub -ned hs best
N It as yet, and This, although msas from the sur
Fey o. tue Russian ssf is vey detective ADD incpr
Feet The writer If these lines, his visit to
|Asiatic Turkey during tie ernsy -lw adsxn
III the caravan from ErZ. eu4b ed
|sequire q to,etsb IDEA OF the Acmelan
lain range in 30 far the extornAi forms The masses
ro concerned. Many lofty towe~ there the
Elevated plains Of Pssin, Alshsert AM Bsjahd high
bove the BORDERS the plateau snd presently Cd points
f The Armenian highlands On vi.wog toi, vast psno
anna We obtain insghs into ths rarhse complicated
ysse Of the Arm rsuc rsngs of which tina Kars
Mountains, with their huge plate form Of he most
pc vateu hespf. The whole clDhxur Y.on If ths Ayme
a Alpine region stands In striking contrast to the eau
sasus.
The Armenian Alps barely where dsply the sudden
abrupt rss of he Csusaaa towards hat stsppe of
The kobsn and Teres Parallel eaoges Of spurs # So
vation, and which we might call Marine Alps, form
every where hcual ascent to the real highland Per-
hsps the sole exception this exis IN tbs precpl,
-ecion OF Adshsrs and La isan 1t Is the drsc-
don that Ouer Pssha would have besn compelled taxa
hac he MARCHED dicec from Kolcas to Kss Tns pre-
sence OF numerous table lands, gaps formed BY steas,
and depressicns serving psssse, facitse great
extent it must confessed inland in carried
By the nomad pastoral tribes oy csravaur ADD
armies but only curing the months If summer The c
nae which de pencs On the gres. elevation If the sot
above the soil above the ses level nis NIL traffic aud
military opera ions to smony snort period Ut the
year
1t is wolf known fact that the slopes Of sw noun
chains form unbc ken link with ler creating
cslled crest dorsa ridge. 10 general he highest
ricge which constitutes also the watershed possesses
,onscerable BREADTH tnat spreads oar toto large pa
eaus Such IL the with the Anjes chain in Mexico,
Is Alexander Hum s0ldt informs aud L. B sch
Dbeerved the fact 10 the Lsugaed moant.ins Of
Norway. In rspgss valleys int tie slopes.
- (e-c1 ma
RI st pg the sdes mpassg rregulsr aspect tae
upper and iddle parts - the chan fhts also par
the case in Armen where ths Of tho geo gst
looks in vain for that rial central chsn ~aic1 Is psi
paby dhtiuot in ountain - less eadth in the
yren1ees ior Instance But the Extraordinary ca tn
D the vater he'd and the three tour deeO of
ou1ain plains with their oDgitu nsl Va legs ,hsE lie
between the highest chains aud quite pa~su With
em, Oh ,rac e'istic la he Armea,aa high
amos Between Ispi. and Kn,nis. ard c,vsiog .
oreadth OF reary enc ard half degrees there
.e four chains a. high as the Ao- ea,h of which Is
y the great ws,errhes OF ArmeDin. ia not yet known
which o. them has the greatest ABSOLUTE elevation. %
chiefly WITH tbs view o scquf ing ga gs&ph,cSi con-
II prtn OF the pic cipsl cha acet tn 1t
,icee, sbsrp oorsA's poe s, conspc u,sy p5je.t-
III through The inn late confluence. " the slopes in chs
Caucasus for IDS aDce, doss ia Armenia for
oupd that tue prlc ipal cest of the Arneoo Ca,ric
ystem In the the island consis of tho, tour
pine chsins already sloded to. TO c,nvnce o,m-ef
of this truth the svser only eaza around from
he tops oi tho Schtsbis and the Gaur Dsgh rth Of
'sst Of Deh Bsba, opposite the Kussa D.Qh ca ptal
spot for viewing gres pert OF Upper men'a, where
The eye takes in the mea the mig hest
chair and the two most striking Of he vcani,
stancipe apart namely the Bngosl Dsgh koJ Dagh
which are SUR ouDoed by the Afara. an Seiosn Dakh
70 ell futu s0ientif, xporers who intend vsi
neDis recomsepd the station have Just described
he best Ter observing 'h,s supeadous LAND
Tie mt at nor thern II those our ralei a. all
II !bem covered si'h eternal snow, runs between .rs
sni lspir chiefly from the the west.
anc IL dvices the country o. the ta-ses from h4 the
Armepans. Near the highest s1nmits OF II, n,rthesn
slope Is the district that gives rise T. ,hs river Kur tast
lows from there to Grusia in = y course
through part Of the Go chin Highland TIE snmmfss of
his chain, which looks the kars ateau are
tro~ped with perpetual snow aud In of height
little interior to those OF the more -outhra chin. dali
degee in breadth, and south of the sources the Kur
rises arott Alpine ch4u, viii the sam aicec
ion and the birthplace OF the Flu aes TIE spacat
nap of Armenia, published in Get man. in 10 o. sa,es
bis chsfn that forms the northern VI gre Ere
'oum faole snd to BE- the highest range 10 Armens.
But that remark Is not az least proved.
The two CHAINS mere to the SOUTH appear to be pretty
opal in hegnr. Hop jagh Ak Oagh ser irhanah stem
blk, GisurD agh the names of the oide,ts
n this range the nerth and northwest OF oun
d,