The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1856-08-05

sayeholdng territory was TO be divided but
improper when free territory was To be affected by il not
wthsanding IL WAS well known that the South had con
huted largely than her proportion of and mon
] ey to purchase the territory t NE
An equal participation in the enjoyment of the common
territory thus purchased denied TO the South sec
onal political feeling on the part Of the North sufficiently
strong TO appropriate TO their political advantage this
vast domain, by common yaor, in contempt Of the
previous principles of paron-n contempt of the cons
tuition of the counryn tempt Of the planest rules OF
right and by the acquisition to become strong
enough further oppres the South and peyert the
object OF union, well calculated alarm the people
the South and to drive of her into the ad
Vocacy Of separation To calm the dangerous agitation
another compromise was brought forward. California
with constitution excluding slavery, admitted and
the South shut out entirely from the Pacific The
extent OF that State covering ten degrees of latitude and
reaching below the line Of 80 deg 80 mn embraced in
view OF its rich mines the most valuable part of the
acquisition Thus the scale inclined north again never to
find another equilibrium The remainder of the territory
under the names Of Utah and New Mexico the latter in,
euding heorton taken from Texas and the Mesila pur-
chase was organized into territorial governments In the
opinion Of eminent lawyers and statesmen the muRcpa
laws of Mexico forbddng slavery remained in force over
this vast region; and whether not in point of
involved uncertainty calculated to deter the STAKEHOLDER
from venturing with his property where under the fla
vorabe circumstances there liability to lawsuits about
title Thus slavery effectuay excluded from the whole
of our newy-acquired POSSESSIONS covering of
least 100000 square miles, The old neof SO deg 80 mn
as compromise in principle between the two sections
rejected by the North. In this world however there
10 scarcely any evil without some compensating good
So far territory concerned the South lost greatly
by the Compromise OF 1885, but she succeeed in the
organizing Utah and New Mexico in having new prin-
cple established rather in having the true State rights
constitutional theory recognised in reference the ad-
mission of new States which had been practically ignored
early period and totally abandoned in 1920 BY the
express of these acts the doctrine of nonnerven
ton by Congress with slavery n the States and Terrific
res declared and that each State hereafter applying
for admission into the Union, should come in with
without slavery her people might determine in the
vention forming her constitution. 1t here settled,
far Congress could settle the question: that the old
method of partition, which, by geographical line kept
dangerous distinction between people, and gave
the preponderatng side of political power liable
to be used for oppression, and wholly inconsistent with
that unity Of feeling necessary to the integrity of the
government was to give place to the doctrine Of nonn
| tervenon ....
Without the understanding that this policy was to be-
come permanent cannot believe that the South would
have acquesced in the legislation of 1850 She could
have done without throwing herself entirely the
mercy of the non-slaveholdng States A glance the
map in connexion with statistics Of population will satis
fly any of this The OF the South square miles
at present. is only 1872 245, whilst that of the North
1908 2o4 nearly two-and-a-ha times greater And her
population is likewise twice large that of the South
The addition of California gave her the majority OF States
which will in short time be largely increased by the ad
mission of Oregon, Minnesota, Washington, Nebraska,
Utah. and New Mexico with their probable and conem-
plated subdivisions into other States whilst the South has
the bare possibility of adding to her minority the
State of Kansas Thus the control of every department
of the federal government is permanently within the pow
or Of the North,
With this great disproporon between the two sections
both In regard to States and population nothing short Of
the strces abstinence the part of the federal govern
ent from all interference with the subject of slavery in
the States and Territories prevent the fostering
tona feelings, the formation Of geographical parties
which will naturally bege anmostes and prejudces de-
structve the peace OF society and incompatible with
the continuance of the Union. In of the
ement of 1885, the Congress of 1864 proceeded organ
ize the Territories of Nebraska and Kansas and TO apply
them the principle Of nonnerventon As these Territories
part of the Louisiana purchase and had under the
compromise Of 1890 become subject TO the unconstitutional
hnFQ
became necessary in order 10 give the principle free
scope declare in the organizing them that restriction
imperative and void and TO avoid al ambiguity II
further declared TO be the true intent and meaning of the
not 70 egsate slavery into eXcludet FROM
Territory State but TO leave the people thereof perfect
ly free TO form and regulate their domestic institutions in
their way subject only 10 the constitution OF the Uni
ted States The permanent establishment OF this principle
by endorsement OF it North and South and national pol
icy in strict conformity With It's spirit may ultimately
store good feelings and calm the sectional agitation which
s the fruit Of that old theory originating
that hostile line Of 30 deg 80 in and which more than
has urged 10 the point Of dissolution We have been
accustomed TO think and act in reference this dividing
line and in consequences Of Il sectional opinions and par
ties had progressed far that 10 avoid conflict this
day. will require all the patriotism which summon
| and all the conservative power which command
The line Of 80 deg 80 min must be erased from the
oy Of the masses and the idea that two people Of
anagonstc interests indicated by that line must be blot
ted out from the mind and In It's stead planted the true
constitutional principle which looks TO liberty and Union
that every people when forming their constitution, shall
In their way subject only TO the constitution OF the
United Staes-or else In vain will look for peace
Should the people in the approaching canvass by their
voice pronounce the Kansas aud Nebraska definite
settlement then shall entertain strong hopes for the fu
ture Of country but should they repudiAe that
settlement and indicate return TO the old partition pol
ICY then nothing short Of miracle can prevent disrup
ton Of the government or, what consider far worse the
! siss;;sssation Of the South,
III so plain proposition Of rght-one that commends
Itself every fair mind for Its simplicity, equality and
justicecannot command the appreciation Of the people
has prejudice blinded their and hardened their
heart. and have doubt they will be giren op 70 a
strong deusion which will only be dsspsted by the re
OF revolution Let look at the subject free fomis
poaons The people south Of the line of 96 deg 80 min.
allowed TO do they please choose their nsttu-
ou the people north OF The line not fee to do they
please but prohibited from owning certain species Of
property. The Nebraska-kansas act simply proposes to
make the people north OF that line free the people
south OF tito put them upon the same oongto permit
them all TO regulate their domestic affairs in their own
way limited only by the constitution OF the United States
Was there palmer prepositon-ono fair and
/ just, and CONSTITUTIONAL
must believe that the disposition OF the fruits Of slave
labor and the Institution ITSELF has been the real
Of the conflict between sections and that all the preudces
70 further the designs of avaree and ambition II this be
not how shall account satisfactorily for the desperate
and unreasonable attempts the part Of the North TO OBJ
tain political supremacy How shall explain her uri
i Gus opposition to measure clearly in consonsnce
with the spirit Of the compact and In strict accordance
4 with the State rights and federahye theory OF our
government The trainers Of the constitution attempted
to guard against this very sectional combination which
the crusade agsins, slavery designed to accomplish
In article l. section 10, II ia expressly declared that
4 aNo State shall into any treaty, alliance, or con-
federation And again "No State shall, without the