The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-01-23
A CHAPTER ON RAW MATERIALS,
WHAT the EFFECT OF THE NEW TARIFF WILL Be.
Ehert the Silk, Wool, Gutta Psrcha, India
Rubber, Tin, &C., Come From.
WHIT USE THEY ARE PUT TO.
Prospect Of Cheap Dresses for Ladies, Cheap
Cats for Men, Cheap Dolls for Babies,
&C., &C., 10.


about md strongly approved by every but few
and unrepsntant wbigs will at last be brought
orvsr with every prospect of In view Of this
satinency, have collected and thrown together
ey stsi-tcs relative to the principal articles of raw
nater which under the tariff will be admitted free
duty Those selected for the purpose are WOOL SILK
n lna rubber and gutta percha. Whenever the tariff
all articles manufactured in this country into
he composition OF which these materials enter, will
heapoed in proportion to the duty taken Of. In
ases ne reduction will be material to be felt at
Pnce the consumer. In others 1t will be slight. The
will of do their best to prevent the
feeling the effect of the change. The following
hotes aay make their task little difficult -
WOOL.
sits actory definition of wool has, probably,
been iven, for what cali wool blends gradually
INTO tat which recognize hair that 1t is almost i'm
ossN to draw the line between the two. The cover
ing Of he llama, the alpaca, the guanaco the vicuna
nd eVra kinds Of goats. In this dubious position,
ial1Dst all furred animals have under their outer coat
hair me OF fine wool next the skin. The beaver is
emarble instance of this kind, having in its natural
tate coat Of peculiarly stiff hair, which is removed
ue skin used for manufacturing purposes and pre-
enta to In the form of hats &c. But that which is
recognized as wool viz the coat Of the sheep Ia
concerns us in come 'tion With the tariff as
This cuntry where not the machinery for
ctuing the alpaca and other kindred materials which
Faye ttaiotd limited pop uarity in Europe
Ththistory of wool is a very Interesting did
tpacdbut allow to do it Justice. IL was, however,
thdt doubt the earliest material used ny mankind for
othog. l. is frequently mentioned in the scriptures
liza sicus xiii, Al 50; Exodus XIV. A. and in many
tthePsces. The Egyptians also used woollen fabncs
Ind herever the sheep has been known its skin has
kormd fsvorte garment fer uncivized men.
Wbn look for the origin of the improvements which
aveoeen mace in the breeding Of sheep, we have n,
inar Rnfua Init
made such progress that the whole of The sys
lem sheep breeding at present in in Spain is
Hentily the same introduced by the Romans.
yysuiea, who lived under the Emperor Caudins, gives
MS iDeresting information this point Among other
hins, he says THAI his uncle who yed in Betica pro-
some wild African at Cadz, of coarse fleece
put I an admirable color. lie put them to some fne
sooid ewes, and the male progeny being again put to
y'sietins ewes, the offspring OF their descendants
ntd the color Of the sire with the DAMS sofness OF
eec Other agiicuturists undoubtedly initiated him,
nd hus tho present white comuunic Ated to the
]ac or parti aocks which according TO Pliny
we're common in Spain. in Europe the Spanish woods
eyaong ackno wledged to be the finest Though exceed
aind proverbia reputatiou); but during the of
apeop the breed OF fine merino sheep either des
oyd Or driven into France, much to the Improvement
ID fleece OF that country though to the Injury of that
Sain whose growth now holds third rate position
erlsny at present produces the finest and most costly
oof, some of the finer qualities bringing dollar and
IN spts Per pound, and even as high dollar and
Iycents for fancy samples, whilst some OF the South
neican woods. unwashed, sold at nine and eleven
rhsGerman woods owe their excellence to stock i'm.
Iorta from Spain in the year l765, when hundred
FeriD rams and ewes were imported into Saxony &C.
mpnied by two Spanish shep herds and subseq usntly
her small iocks, which udicously crossed with
he Indigenous cough coated sheep Of Germany, and BY
Intlusl and careful breeding have produced the pre-
hntAne stock-an improvement which has had the Of
in some parts OF the country Of increasing the
laefrom that source one Thousand per cent.
fIinO sheep also exported to Uni ted States
fhse they have fourished; to England where rhei
Feeding has been abandoned for the native sheep, 4
found that the CARCASS small and Improbable
oks were also sent TO the Cape of Good Hope whence
tne were exported to Austra-a country destined to
he largest wool growing field in the world Tous we
I've the African stock imported into spain by Roman
esders the Spanish stock imported directly or indi.
u:ly INTO Germany France, England, the United States
|keCsps Of Good Hope and Australia.
ea found to affect its quaitycmatc, food and Cross
Vgo Neutrality-suspicious. elaborate enter Into here
sct may be mentioned interesting With regard
The breeding, which is, that whilst the breed Of the
Re IL found to have the most effect the flesh and
aiormation of the offspring, the has the in.
lnpee GA the quality Of the WOOL in the proportion Of
thirds. This causes fine tleeced rams to be very
Kiuabie-a fac. of which the Romans were go well
are that sum equal to thousand dollars was ire
ENTITY given for a superior ram.
In the iegn Of Charles H. law was passed prohibiting
expo, tation OF wool from England (now the largest
porter IN the world it being supposed that English
year 1875, although it dead letter long pre-.
sus 10 that date owing to the increased manufacture
England rendering mportations necessary 1t was to-
the end Of last century that owing to the facilities
|yfoldsd by improved machinery, England began to
hport wool which alarmed that oligarchy the land
ners that mischievous duty Of 5s Sd. sterling per
send was imposed the foreign article. This drag
the prosperity of the pation not being considered
|IAvy enough, in 1919 "Mr. vanstart ito quote
ltnsry hisorian) perhaps the most ignorant and vu
II 4 inced mister that managed mim Anaged
financial affairs Of the realm, raised the duty to So
Filings sterling per cst, or 3D. az cent per pound
eject Of trs to deeriorste the quail y of British
Manufacture, and proved severe blow = the national
ccess" Bv the year 1926, however, the tax was re-
n md xussa
,ich had the effect by the year 1885, of increasing
iuportations r more than ten times the amount Of
unds and those Of 1885, AZ At this latter date
u.s. the home growth of England I24 600 600 pounds
Doe which the law has been passed admitting wool duty
lie, and it IS estimsted he home growth is 25O
|p;0OO pounds annually.
Hin the United States the whole business connected with
|Pol has been unsatlsfActory-the growing of it
softahle, the importation precaroua, and the manu-
Ftu,e Tuinous. At the present moment there not
~ looms In the whole country working all wool broad
unties for entire supply OF broadcloths besides
e half our cassmeies At the same time the United
anufac every particle Of her home produced
ol and consumes her own manufactures In TACT there
foreign markets open to the manufactures of the
ited states, other nations who obtain their wool
Of duty, can, Of course, oubid the Americans with
ste in ctanng, actually amounts TO nearly forty per
lrhe Anne lean wool is what is termed medium and
auahty OF clothing wool, for though much has been
improve the quality of the sheep In this country
Ia cannot compete Wild the WOODS OF spain ana
stralia for which many may be gwen amongst
ers the high price of labor preventing the existence of
pertain class OF shepherds
The arst merinos brought into the United States
ported (about 800 In number) In the year 1910 by
neral Humphreys American Minister in Portugal and
Consul, Mr. Jarvis. Gen. Derby of Salem, imported
4 many more, and in 1926 q great number Of Saxony
eep brought into the country In 1885 there were
be Of all kinds in the United states 20 900
eep, and the number has not increased In the last
ehy years. which seems to Indicate that duty on To-
On wool does not at least stimulate the growth at
Nme.
independent Of her home produce the United States
ports large quantities Wool principally Of the
xities such not produced in this country from
South American ports OF Buenos Ayres and valpa,
iso and from the coast of Morocco smyrna Syria and
hessa. These woods are chiefly valuable for carpets
manufacture Of which has been attended heretofore
nth moe success than that of the finer goods In this
untry
The following table, showing the imports Of raw wool
TO this country for the lsst three years. when compared
It'll the amounts paid for manufactured woollens, ind
es that from some cause (proheby the heavy duty on
raw materially we shut cut from very large field
! enterprise