The Georgetown news., 1856-01-24

| qua.
San Salvador is south of Guatemala,
north of Nicaragua, and west of Honduras
| 1t is the smallest Of the States, is divided
into five departments, and has trade near
| ly equal to that of Guatemala Its govern
ment is vested In President and Legisla-
ture-twenty-hye members. This is quiet
and peaceable little State, and was for
some time mediator between Guatemala
and Honduras; but finding the task hope
less one, it was dropped, and the authori-
ties have since been engaged in the more
pleasing and profitable duty of attending to
their own affairs
Honduras has Guatemala on the north
San Salvador and Nicaragua on the west
and Costa Rica on the south. 1t has ex-
tenslve mineral and agricultural resources
Its government is vested in President E.
lected by the Legislature, which consists of
| two chambers. General Trinidad Cabanas
was chosen President in 1852, but he was
recently ousted by GuatemaIian troops,
who named General Lindo President The
| fate of Cabanas is unknown at present
The trade of Honduras in mahogany, hides,
| &c, is very valuable; but on account of the
disturbed state of politics it has been near
ly all monopolized by the English who oc-
| cupy tract in the north called British
Honduras or Belize The English govern
ment has also attempted to possess the Ru-
atan Islands in the Bay of Honduras, and
this weak Republic has thus been in danger
Of extinction, being bullied on one side by
England and on5the other by Guatemala;
and having only the little State of San Sal
vador for its ally. An attempt has been
made to build up Honduras by railway
to run across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec
This is purely North American specula-
tior. The road will be one hundred and
twenty-five miles in length, and will connect
the Bay of Honduras on the Atlantic side
with Fonseca on the Pacific. The charter
by the government of Honduras gives the
company the right Of way on each side of
the line of the road for two hundred yards
the exclusive right for seventy years-a
grant of ,250,000 acres of public land
The company agrees to finish the road in
eight years, to carry the mails for one-thrd
OF the postage and to pay the State one dol
lar for each passenger. The Honduras
railway will be the best communication
with the Pacific, as it has good ports on
| both sides. and several hundred miles north
Of Panama. The surveys have been COM
pleted and the construction of the road will
soon be commenced.
Nicaragua has the Atlantic on one side
and the Pacific on the other Honduras
joins it on the north and Costa Rica on the
south. Its government is Legislature and
an executive officer, called Supreme Direc-
! tor. General Chomorro was elected to this
Office in 1851, for two years. There had
been two parties contending for supremacy
in the State since 1888. The constitution
then adopted was liberal, but it was set
aside by the Chomorro or aristocratic par
| ty, who desired to remove the election of
President entirely from the people, give
him the power of a dictator, and otherwise
make laws offensive to the democratic par
ty. The leader of the democrats was Don
Patrcio Rivas. He found himself in pc
culiarly delicate position. The democrats
were able to maintain their position if not
put down by outside interference. That
Interference was likely to ensue from Qua
temala. One Guardiola partisan Of the
Chomorro party, succeeded in gaining the
aid of Carrera The democrats then invi-
ted Walker and his friends in California to
assist them, and sent q blank commission of
Commander-nCh Chief to be filled up by any
name they saw fit. Mr.. Walker was con-
sidered the best man for the place, and the
departure Of his battalion-itS success in
Nicaragua-the capture of Granada-the
formation Of provisional government, with
Rivas at its head are we'll known to our
readers. Nicaragua is a country of i'm
mense value IN many respects. 1t is de-
pot for large amount of property owned
by citizens of the United States, and two
Of its ports are occupied almost entirely by
Calif0rnians in transit. Mr.. H. L. Kinney
has set up colony near Greytown; it is
composed of North American citizens, and
is daily receiving accesSions. Large num-
berS of North Americans are preparing to
join Walker standard, in disregard Of the
proclamation of the President of the United
States. Nicaragua is now menaced by a
fresh invasion from Guatemala, and Guar
diola is busy in intriguing against the new
government, which, although popular, is
only an experiment so far 1t is the desire
OF the democratic party to bring about a
union between Honduras, San Salvador
and Nicaragua. A powerful nation would
thus arise, and Carrera could be wiped out,
if necessary. Central America, or the lar
gest part of it, will, if this government is
firmly established, become as entirely North
American as the State of New York; and
will, no doubt, some fine day ask for admis-
| cIn n how, cf ba EaHnpaI
Costa Rica is the southernmost State of
Central America. 1t is one Of the smallest
in territory, but the richest in resources
1t has been at peace many years, and its
people are represented as being industrious
and quiet citizens. Its chief reliance is the
coffee crop, and the exports of this article
amounts to four thousand tons annually
Itc r,rono,,+ esox.o.,,,aaont nctn hlichod