Indiana American. [volume] (Brookville, Ind.) 1833-1861, 1856-02-22

stipulate that they viii never obtain
or assume any such. Great Britain
has all these existing ia the form OF
the Protectorate. and that constitutes
the obstacle to the opening Of the pro-
posed ship canal. an object desired by
both parties. She agrees on her own
part that she not only will not obtain
or assume any new colony, occupation
or dominion there, but she will not
hereafter maintain or exercise any
such that is now existing. As she
has heretofore s'made use" Of her pro-
tectorate for the purpose Of maintain
ing and exercising such occupancy
and dominion, she agrees that she
will not make use Of that machinery
for those purposes any longer. But. Il
the machinery Is preserved at all, il
must constitute now, as heretofore, a
colony, an occupation, dominion. and
therefore, the machinery itself must
cease. II the British construction Is
right. then Great Britain has conced-
cd nothing present and nothing future,
while the United Statos have conced-
ed everything, equally present and
future, by excluding themselves hence
forward and forever from Central
America.
One can scarcely maintain his gray.
ity when he finds Lord Clarendon. on
the other hand, arguing that the Brit
ish construction Is based on the prin-
ciplc of mutually. His syllogism
Is this: Great Britain has colonies.
occupations and dominions in Central
America; the United States have none.
II Great Britain relinquish her colonies
occupations and dominions, she sur
renders advantages without receiving
any equivalents. But II is TO be re.
membercd that the United States de-
MED absolutely the British title to
their colonies. occupations and domin-
ions in Central America; and. second
ly. they had antagonistical rights to
establish colonies. occupations and do
minions there. by virtue Of the con-
tract and two treaties extended TO
them by Nicaragua. whose title they
held TO be paramount 10 that OF Great
Britain. To avoid this conflict be.
tween themselves. the parties agree to
abandon Central America to the States
existing there, TO whom II belongs.
Pressed by tho American argument,
Great Britain comedies that the treaty
limits and modiies her proteolorate.--
But she cannot stand on that ground,
because the treaty specifies no lmiIa-
tlons or notifications; and the Ian.
guage which confessedly works them
out. equally works complete discon'
linuanee and Abandonment Of the pro.
tectorate herself,
But, in fact, there was not then, mol
is there now. either u Mosquito King
dom or Mosquito King
First, there was no such Kingdom
o. King, because by the laws Of ma
tons, there could bo none, Grant,
for the sake Of the argument. that
there Is "a tribe Of Mosquito Indians,
and that they have chief, who Il
called by cthors. and regarded by
themselves. as "cyery inch a king"
Grant, that with whatever form and
ceremony this caoique. and even bis
predecessors, through q long line; as'
cending beyond the discovery ofAmcr'
len, were crowned in their own domain,
or In Jamaica, by their own people
or by British subjects. still the facts
are undisputed. that this nation and
their king were sayages, who vert
found existing within the known geo
graphical and territorial limits Of Gau
tomala. a province Of Spain on the ear
liest colonization OF America, and tha
they remained there until the revolu
ton within that province, by which i
became independent. and that they
have remained ever since In the same
territory. within the geographical linn
its Of the independent States Of Hon
duras and Nicaragua. and possibl,
Costa Rica. BY the universal Gus
tom ofEuropean and American States
savage tribes, although they arc per,
mitted TO exercise some municlpa
powers. have no actual or high sovcr
eighty. Even when they have never
been displaced or subduod. the soYer
eighty, nevertheless, resides IN th'
State or nation which exercises direct
ly, or derives to itself. the title no
quIred by European discovery. II wat
by this universal law that Great Brit
ain acquired and so long maintained
that sovereignty within the Territory
of the original United States. which
she resigned 10 them by tho treaty o
VersaIlles in 1893. by the same Law
France acquired and held that denim
ion in Canada, and the valuable Wos
India Islands. which she 80 reluctant
ly transferred 10 Great Britain on IN,
falI OF Quebec in i703. by the sam,
law Spain acquired that iillo to th,
the Floridas and vast regions In Lou
siana and Mexico, 10 which the Unitet
States have su cecded by purchase
as we'll us all the extensive countriel
IN Mexico, Central America, anC
South America. which have passet
from under her dominion and gon,
under the sway Of the Spanish Amer
can Republics. II was by the sam,
law that Denmark acquired her pos
sessions In tho West Indies, and thai
Portugal acquired Brazil; and the EN-
pIro OF Brazil stands now on the same
title. The authority for this univer
sci law, most opposite to the present
occasion, IL that OF Great Britain her
self, as confessed in the negotiation
which led 10 the treaty In question: -
Mr.. Riycs reports to Mr.. Clayton 1
conversation between himself ant
Lord palmerston, thus:
al concluded with aaying that I
resulted from this long course Of uni
yersal usage and conventional prac
lice, that actual possession was In nc
wise necessary TO the exercise Of I
rightful sovereignty on Indian Terri
for... aud that alfhouf,h Iodian frtha,