Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1856-05-28

course, Euhlie attention has bpen directed n
the most Inviting Geld for enterprises of in
teroc-anic ruHnnl,ira,nl, l'eI wpen the "ppo
site str,rrs "f kKietira. and more especial,
to the territory ofthss States of Nicaragu,
and Honduras.
Param"nu, To that ofany European State
a. WAS the interest Of th,. United States i,
the security aud frperf,m of projected lines
Of travel across the ishmns hy the way o
Nicarngua and Honduras, still we did no
yield in this respect to any suggestions ol
territorial ACKNOWLEDGEMENT, or even rf exclu
sive advantage, either of communicating o'
OF commerce. Opportunities had not f,er,
wanting to the Uu'rd States to procure such
advantages by peaceful means, and with full
aud free assent of those who ,oue had auy
legitimate authority in the matter. We dis
regarded those opportunities. from c"nside.
rations alike Of domestic aud f;.resu pelicy j;
just as, even to the present day, we base
preserved in a system of justice aud respec,
for The rights and interests Of others as well
as nur own, in regard 10 each and all of the
States of Central America.
Ii was with surprise and regret. therefore,
that the United States learned, n few days
after the conrIusi"n of the treaty of GuAda
lup. Hidalgo. ny which III. United States
became, with the consent of the Mexican
republic, the righlful owners oi CaIiornia.
aud thus invested With augmented special
interest in the condition of Central America.
that amiltary expedition under the au'hnrity
Of the British government, had landed at
San Juan del NOrte, in the State of Mica.
ragua, and taken forcible posses>i'n of that
port. the necessary ter mus of any canaI"r
railway arross the is,hmus within the terri
tories of Nicaragua.
II did not diminish the unwrlrnmeness It"
us of this act If the part OF Great Britain
to fnd that she assumed L" justify it "n The
ground OF an alleged pmtert"rsl'ip of 2
s,lall and obscure baud "f ilzrd lndi.
ans, whose proper name even had hec"me
lost to history, who did not constitute a
State capable "t territorial snvereigntv. eth.
er in fact or Of right. and all political inter.
est in whom, and IN the territory they oc.
cuMed, Great Britain had previously re-.
nounced By successive ueaties with Spain
when Spain WAS sovereign OF the country,
aud subsequently with independent Spanish
America.
Nevertheless. and iniuriously affected as
the United States conceived themselves To-
have been by this act of the British Gov.
-ruu,enr. and by its occupation ai"ut the
sanie TINE Or -TTSDfar aiII il
tions of the territnry "f theState ct bondu-
las, we remembered the many aud powerful
ties aud mutual Interests by which Great
Britain aud the United States a'e associated,
and we proceeded in earnest good faith, and
with sincere desire tn do whatever might
strengthen The honds ot ppac. brtw cen US.
to neg",iate with Great Britain II e"nvenlio"
to assure the perfect neutrality of all n'er":
ceanic communications across The istfnns.
aud, IA the Indispensable condition of such
neutrality, the absolute Independence Of the
States Of Central America, aud their com.
pl-te sovereignty within the limits Of their
own territory, as well against Great Britain
rs against the United States. We supposed
we had accomplished that object b, the con.
venti'n of April 10, 1850, which would
never have been sighed nor ratified on the
part of the lni,ed States but for the con.
victnn thai, in vitue of i'srrovisions, Meth.
.r Great Britain nor the United States WAS
thereafter to exercise any territorial s"ve.
r-iunty, iu fact or in lr,n,e, in sny part of
Central America, however or whatsoever
acquired. either h-fo,e nr afterwards. The
essential object of the convs n'ion-the nen.
traIzaton al the islhmus--wuu uuld, at course,
hecomr nullity. ii either Great Britain "r
the Uuir-d States were to continue 10 hold
exclusively islands or min land Of the 18th.
mus, aud n,nre especially il, under any CLAIM
of p:o,-ctor-hip Of Indians, either Govern.
m.nt were to remain f"rever sovereign im
fact of the Atlantic shores of the three
Stat. s OF Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Hon.
duras.
have already communicated to the two
houses of Congress full information Of the
prnlracted. and hiti,ert" fruitless efforts,
which the United States have made 10 1T
range this international question with Great
Britain. 1t is referred TO on the present oc.
casinn only b-caus" of its intimate c"unex.
ion with ,hr special object nuw to be- brought
10 the attention of Congress.
The unsettled political condition of some
of the Spanish. American republics has never
ceased to lie regarded by this Government
with s"licitude and regret on their own &C.
count, while il has been the source of con
tinual embarrassment in our public and pri
yat.. relations with them. In the midst a
the violent revolutions and thu wars by which
they are continually agitat.d. their public
authorities are unable to afford due pr"tec.
ton to foreigners and to foreign interests
within their territory. or even to drt:pd theI
own snI agninst individual aggr.ssnrs. for
ei.n or dorn-s,ic. the burden of the incon
venipnc-s and losses Of which. therefore. de
v"lyes in no inconsidprabe degree "po" ths
foreign States associated with them in closs
relations of geographical vicinity or OF com
merciaI intercourse.
Such is, more emphatically, the situation
of the United States with respect :" the Re
publics OF Mpxica and Of Central America
Not~ outstanding. howevrr, the relative re
met-ness, Of the European States iron
Aue ica, facts of the same order have no
failed to appear conspic inusly in their inter
course with Spani>h.American republics
Great Britain has repeatedly been constraine'
to recur to measures Of force for the protec
ton nf British interests in those countries
} France found il necessary t0 attack the Gas
tie of San Juan de ulua, and even TO debar
, tronns ak Vera Crbz in nrdur IN ohtain RI