New-York daily tribune., 1856-03-21

ben Of his family, bestowins on them pensions
ess sblishments, ard in various ways providing for
them. 1t may be that Louis Bcnsparte intends
now to make new treaty or Congress of Paris,
to erase from the records Of history this previous
Partisan brief of humiliation Next upon the events
we have just detailed followed second treaty of
Paris, that Of the Goth of May, 1914, between the
four Allies and Louis XVIII, as King Of France
By this act be is recognized as the legitimate
sovereign BY it France and some other States
received new frontiers. BY article XXI, all the
Powers which were engaged in the war on both
sides stipulated to send plenipotentiaries within
two months to general congress at Vienna to
frame new regulations and arrangements for COM
pletiDg tho general dispositions contained in
the treaty From the Partisan treaty of the goth
of March, therefore, this celebrated congress was
born.
The sitting Of the Congress began toward the
end of the Summer the same year. Europe was
tn be renodeled geographically and government
ally. A new public law was TO be issued, spoils
divided, various countries TO be cut in pieces-as
for example Poland, Denmark, the Kingdom of
Saxony-Other States aggandized, or new king
doms created as that Of the United Neither
lands. Many special questions between various
States and Powers were to be settled by special
yenops and treaties and in these occupations days
and months passed rapidly. Suddenly, however
in March, 1915, Napoleon escaped from Elba and
sesin convulsed Europe. The powers congregated
in Vienna outlawed him by declaration on the
18th Of March, wherein they promise to sustain the
treaty of Paris of the Goth of May, recognizing
Louis XVIII. This declaration was followed by
an act of general alliance on the 25th Of March
and by several special treaties, accessions conven
tions, principally stipulating the number of troops
TO be brought by each Power in the f I'D. On the
18th of May the United Powers issued an act again
May and the declaration of outlawry against the
disturber Of the peace of nations.
During the short campaign, ending with the battle
of Waterloo, the Congress Of Vienna continued its
deliberations, decisions and acts, notwithstanding
that some Of the sOvereigns there joined the
armies, and others returned to their donnions.
During the campaign was concluded the act Orgau-
zipg the German federation OF Bund, signed on the
Sth of June, 1915 The Congress itself finished
its labors before the battle Of Waterloo. The
final act wherein consists the great aud famous
Treaty of Vienna, was signed by all the partcipa-
tors on the 9th of June. The introduction to this
document Gays, that its object is to make the ne
cessary final arrangements, regulating the state of
Europe, disorganized by previous wars This great
Act consists of one hundred and twenty-one articles
giving new possessions and frontiers to various
States and creating pew magamsiOns and
rights. To the final treaty are annexed seventeen
various special treaties among which is that ab0l
ishne the slave trade. Two protestations were
made against the act Of Vienna. One was made
by the Pope; the other by any quantity of splnters
of the ancient German small despotisms ruling
under various titles Before the great French
Revolution the number of these various owners
of Germany amounted to more than one thousand.
The wars of Napoleon, and then the Act of Vien-
no, reduced them to thirty-six. Those deprived
of sovereignty and incorporated into various
other States, called now mediatiscd, protested
against the decision Of the Viebnese Act.
Many confound this act of the Congress with
the no less celebrated Holy Alliance but the two
have nothing in common. The Holy Alliance was
patcDeC-up III tdTl5 WitI inc Dd'tic WI WatciiVo'
1t was signed on the 26th of September, 1915.
Alexander of Russia was its originator stimulated
in his mysticism by the celebrated Madame Krii-
deDer. The document of this alliance differs from
all other treaties, in being signed, not by PlenPo-
tentiaries, but by the sovereigns themselves. 1t
bears the autographs Of Alexander, Francis Of
Austria and Frederick William of Prussia. 1t
contains only three articles. 1t is eminenty re-
lieiOus and mystical. The preamble says that
religion is the source of human rights and actions.
The first article establishes the fraternity Of ma
tions, according to the Scriptures. The second
speaks of the religious element as coming from
fraternity, and recommends all men and especially
the subjects of all princes to follow the example
of Christ The the third invites all other SOW
eregns to accede to the Alliance and to sign the
act. Not one, however, followed the invitation.
WISHING TON