The Evansville daily journal. [volume] (Evansville, Ia. [i.e. Ind.]) 1848-1862, 1856-03-05
|Gb,.t: Daily 81 y5|ol'uljrtpaI y5|l'l
From the Indana Farmer.
PRACTICAL DIRECTIONS FOR GRATING.

PRACTICAL DIRECTIONS Fur GRATING.
NEssRs EDIToPs: Having promised to talk
Ito the readers of the Farmer through its col
Iumns. a little about renoVating an old orchard
also hew to top-graft | will preface no far
| Their but describe each process IN Its own or
10. RerovatS an OIL OYr7tard--Removedt the
live stock from your orchard, then give a COW
lering over the whole surface OF any and all
kinds of straw, rotton hay, corn stalks, leaves,
cobs. or the old rotton chip pile and stable man
ure, and plow the ,whele under Sow the
iground in some kind of green crop, and plow
under repeatedly until the ground becomes
trich and mellow; in the meantime apply the
| axe the saw and the chisel to the dead and
supernumerary branches, and occasionally to
| the root of trees that are rotton or decayed IN
the body, and plant another in its place.
| Cutiag and Preserving brush for Giafftag. -
Take the brush of the previous years growth
water sprouts should be avoided, though
thev will do when not injured by winter, 1t
will do to cut brush from the middle of 0cto-
her to the middle of March. Always avoid
Icutting or handling when the wood is frozen.
IIf cut in the fall remove the leaves and seal up
1.-The cut end with the wax hereafter described.
lLay them away in half dried earthy sand or
moss, in cellar or some out building where
the water will not rise. They should be kept
as nearly as possible in stationary condition,
so as not to shriYel up or become sweied, 1t
would be best to stick peg between each
bunch, because mice frequently remove the
Istrings and cause confusion. When brush is
lconyenient, the last half of March is the pre-
lferable time to cut, thereby avoiding much of
} the foregoing trouble. -
70 make Graft War.-One pound talfow, tive
pounds beeswax, four pounds rosln, all pure
land clean articles; put the whole into an iron
pot, and heat them until they come to foam
then turn the heated mass into a tub OF wa
lter and with greasy hands work thoroughly,
las shoemaker's wax is worked. Ii convenient,
Iget a graft knife out of an agricultural store;
Idif not, get blacksmith to make you froe,
Isome SIX inches long, slightly concave ON the
LEDGE with shank at one end to receive ham
IDLE, and q spike on the other to pry open the
: stump. This knife or froe should be about the
thickness of heavy drawing knife -.
d Time for Gtafting.-From the last hard
freezing till the leaves put forth, but the best
/ time by far is the still warm sunshlny days IN
r the first half of April. "a.
n Now with a common hand-saW, ladder and
4 the other tools necessary, march into your or
, lchard-cut off at a medium height all the up
: right and leading limbs for the purpose o.
gathering in; other large and lateral limbs cut
: from one to three feet from the body OF the
ltree. leaving portion of small. brush, none
thicker than a mans finger. w hlttle youi
: nins to long wedge-shape; cut off at two buds
!. above the wedge part; it is best to seal with
!, wax the upper end of your pen. Then witt
vour graft-kniie, mallet and pens, mount YOU
e tree, split and insert your pens, placing the
d sap of the pen to the sap of the stump; the
lpen should be slightly f1aring out at the top
lbecause in that position it is nearly certain te
come in contact with the sap OF the stump
Now follow with your wax. If the sunshine
) is not warm enough to put your wax IN order
RI use fire. Give your finger a slight talloWlnt
occasionally, when waxing. Cover the Whol'
top of the stump and the whole split a
the sides about the thickness of very thicl
wrapping paper. -. -,
ID Iair-tipht around the graft-two pins should b
e inserted in any stump that is large enough, :
Both should be suffered to grow till the Who'll
Ii wound is healed or nearly so; then remoY
lone. After the crafts start to grow, remove
: small portion of the remaining brush, top an
i thin the water sprouts SO as to keep the graft
i. I'm she ascendant, because if all are removed
p Won endanoer the life of the trees, or it WI
S Icanse too luxurio1s growth Of the gratis
causing them to lop over and grow crooked
is best to be from two to three years IN remoV
= ing the whole of the Seeding and brush. An
= main leading limb left uncut will usurp tn
~ main growth, and cause your gratis to DIVA
q and finally die. Likewise, ifyou graft dlitel
'e ent kinds in the same tree, the strong grower
: will do the same to the weak ones.
b Now, friends, we have shown you the quicl
: est, cheapest and best way of changing an Q
chard, in which the trees have attained a. COZ
siderable size. 1t is also practicable for tres
not thicker than mans thumb. SUCH tref
r.. as the Prior Red, Rambo, Golden Russet an
,or Michael Henry's Pippin. do better when to-
n grated than any other way.
= WILLIAM ALLDR1DGE.
-
AS Small Mistake.