Southern shield., 1856-02-23
From the Albany Atlas Hon. Churchill c. Cambreleng
 on Squatter Sovereignty.


 We have been permitted by Mr Ludlow, the President of the Democratic State Con vention of the 10th instant, to publish the following extracts from letter to him of one of his most honored constituents. MT. Lud- low acted in the convention from his own sense of duty, and So far as we know, his conduct has been received with uniform ap- probation in every Democratic quarter; but had 1t been otherwise, he might well offer the sound ard patriotic sentiments of Mf. Cambre- leng as lis letter of instruction for the course he pursued It is not necessary to remind our readers that Mr. CamDreleng represented the city of New York some eighteen years in Congress, was alterward Minister to Rus sia, and that although North Carolinian by birth, he has been one of tile most thorough and consistent Freesoilers in the Democratic ranks since the days of Jefferson that he presided over the Herkimar Convention in lS47, and that he is far beyond the reach of every imputation of personal motive, having been, by his own wish, for many years with drawn from public life, and in the enjoyment of every pleasure and luxury that health, leisure and wealth can comniand
 IIUNr1NGrog, Dec. s, 1855.
 W. H ErDLow, Ese. iIy Denf S9. :: Even Southern men in Kansas acknowledge that it will inevitably be a free State. This is the last struggle for slavery; for the half dozen Territories remaining are already free, and will remain So. There would not have been half the trouble aboEt Kansas but for Atehison's struggle to get back into the Senate. As tue question now stands, there ought to be no difficulty whatever in uniting the Democratic party; for the principle ol the Nebraska and Kansas bill-squatter sove- reigntv- whatever its origin, gives Us every Territory belonging to the United States and all we have now to insist upon is, that ii shall honestly be enforced that K Kansas shall have fair play. Practically, there is no diff ference worth quarreiling about.
 Itappears to me to be perfectly absurd for us 10 be grunlbling about " sqpattcr soye- reignty at the present tine, when squattel sovereignty will make free every inch of ter ritory new belonging to the United States After the acquisition of California, with tho prospect of tho addition of more Mexican territory, when Gen. Cass proposed the doc Urine of non-interyention, it was an important question, as ii might have led to the intro duction of many slave States; but after tht South had been completely eheclsmated by California's declaration in favor of Freedom we had no reason to object to the doctrine o non-iaterventi0n or squatter sovereignty.
 We have now besides Kansas and Ne | braska. New Mexico, Utah, Minnesota, Ore ' son and Washington. making seven Territo ries, which will give us seven free States 1 Some think the fate of Kansas doubtful; bu the invasion of the Missouri rowdies, inde pendent of natural causes. will make it fre State. These borderers came over first, |, vote for pro-slavery men; tie second time t vote against them in the location of tn, ! capital and the third time to make aebustel under Shannon, punder tie people and drinl whisky. This is the last and dying struggl of slavefy Under such circumstances. l can not conceive what We can possibly gain D. resisting q principle which has hitherto ex cluded slavery ffomsour Territories.
 ! The slavehollers. will nbt get Kansas, an' they are now deprived of the pretext of goint into the Territories south of 36 30, nnde- ] that compromise. They generally oppose non [ intervention on that ground, aud contendet for carrying the compromise line to the Ia cifc ocean. 1t is ceftainly not for our in terest now. to have that .c0mrrOniise line re stored. Why the South should have voted for its repeal. is a question for themselves t settle-they all at that time admitted tha Kansas would never be slave State. hopC our friends will meet the issue boldly, an, leave the question of State organization t the people of the Territory who have tht natural and best right to decide for them selves.
 Let the squattors settle 1t but tha that principle of the Nebraska act shall bt honestly carried out that the squatters shal have fair play, and shall not be controlled by invaders from Missouri, or any military powe whatever. As 10 s'moie slave States, there are none in prospect, and its useles to embarrass ourselves by anticipating ques tons which may or may net arise Ne hay' no alternative but to stick to the nationa Democratic party, and we have no reason whatever, looking ahead, to abandon 1t Some of our leaders have done the party vast deal of injury; but some, who intenaet otherwise, have done the cause of freedom II harm, and so far we have no reason to com plain. They broke us dowaih the tfceStets by the repeal of the Missouri Compromise but that is no reason why we should eXtin guish ourselves and ' fast' with men wh have no principle in comnF'n wsth us.
 K would meet the question fat-footed, an leave -- - < Cp. all the honor Q abandoning their old principles, oi emhfacinj i their enemies, and of throwing up their cap for William H. Seward.
 Blair Is an honest man, and sticks to what ever he engages in obstinately. He has n interested or ulterior motive.
 c. C. CAMBRELENG