The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-09-08
The New Maritime Law.
ADDITIONAL CORRESPOND RsCE ON THE SUBJECT.
Extract from despatch OF his Excellency Count Waew


Extract from despatch Of his Excellency Count walew
tki TO Count de sartges. May 1856
The Plenrotenaries assen bed IN the Congress of Pa
ris have agreement the terms o. decara
ton oieuded 10 settle the principles OF maritime law in
20 mitch a. II concerns neutrais during war Here
WITH have tic honor To transmit 10 You copy OF that
act, which fully meets the tendencies OF our epo;h, aud
puts end TO the useless caamtes winch
tom equally reprobsed by reason and by humanity
peradced TO those which fatally result from state OF
war.
work in order that may prove complete, must secure
the assent OF al the maritime Powers since such govern
onts only thai have acceded TO the arrangemen,
can be mutually bound by IT, On this score we attach
peculiar the OF the United States.
that will not consent, We confidently trust to bold Oh
from concert OF action ~hch detIes new AMI essen
tal progress In intern tonal relations.
The determination Of the Congress ct Paris delncs the
object which il intended 10 attain. The cashiDg
suctiors gwen 10 the rights Of nouras have up 70 the
lsst proved source Of deplofabie conflicts, whilst
privsieerpg Inflicted on the commerce and navigation OF
non tellgerent states an injury so much the more
yous e room fo' the most cllamitous
1ncse Count, are tne events which, for part,
happy in arriving 10 repel and zee convinced that
The co5cufr nee .. the United States will not be withheld
"A question every way worthy or the phlanthropic
spirit Of the American people; question which al oace
and in high d gree concerns the deyelopeme aai
cuiity OF commercial tran actions.
The Penpoenarcs scit to the Congress have, as yoa
may zee IN protocol No ~ bound ta mseyes, ia the
uane Of ths- respective governments to enter for the
future INTO no arrangement on The application OF msr
tine law n tine Of war, out supuatug for STRIFE
observance OF the four pon resolved By the declaration
The which solicit the hands Of th0,.
governments which were not represented ia the PARE
Conferences can consequently, ap. 10 those principles
only Lara Gown N SAID dec'Gfauor, sni which are IN
Gvvible.
Ic4ifcy or FGAScx IN The JSITEb S1AiEs.
Mr. MARCY TO NIX. ssmrfs
DEPARTMENT or STATE
WASHINGTON Jaly IL 1853 /
sn-The diplomatic representatives OF several o. tac
European pcwers which were parties pthe late Pa-.s
Conference have very recently presented 10 this govern
'rhc d. caraiion relative 10 neutral rights adopted
that Conference and on behalf Of their government
- I.aI 1lag,a IA a.
rrmtd that the course has been adopted by The
federated Powers towards other taii1ns the tgitef
States have learned, with sincere rtgret ha' In
instances, the four propo cns, with 81 the conf
tors annexed have been prtmDty AM this govennsnt
caEntt hut tnifk unaiviscdy, accepted without reic
Ts~sll known that the CItca States about two years
since opercd EQUATIONS With MART me nations for the
general a3opuon Of the second an third propositions Goa
tanned In tie declaration and TIA, the luth Is but
Tie annunci Of principle Of International las nv
universally recognized The conjions shh a-e 70 accom-
par the pccefiarce VI the propositions o. the Pats Goa
iertroe will. y necessary consequence defea; tbs
rtaiols OF the United states the adoption Of the
stcaud and bird Cr the srics with every poser which
has adhered or may determine 70 sfh,re, 10 "tho dc
ciartticn In the first place. al the four pf0p0,itoa
must be taken more and second they be taken
70; only nc.vsb y. but With The surrender Of 40 I'm
poiisn attribute Of soverfgntytnai o. negotiating with
any nation Oh tho subject o. neutral rights unless such
psgotis,ops embrace all the proposition, contained 10
The Paris DECLARATION" any nation might vel hssas'
before making such sErrendir.
Some o The Powers whica parties 10 that "decara
n
under solemn treaty spustions WITH the Tinted STATE
and presumed they are nh other naous w which
ne figh Y resSs, y 10y 1ny
rarucu'arity How the Proposed ne~ engagement can
he reocnced with the faithful observance a existing
treaty supcstots on The subject cannti be easily per
I,halt not IN this despatch. remark upon the no,m
r~titty az thee obligations shall row exhibit the
views Which this government enterains ~ the fatal
seau.rce likely 10 result from The doctrine
tempted introduced into the maritime code 70 mos
md lie 80.
burdtnec may lot cbocre 10 burden themselves with
i.rgc naval q tsbIishmcnt.
The risht Of a commercial State when unhapyiiy In
VOWED In war, 70 employ " mercantile marine for de
fence ard aggression. Las heretofore proved be
esstntsl ad in checking the domination OF belligeren
urcou,estcd right, legitimate mode Of defence i
tattd with fer ike surrender only Ia form by stous
naval IQser. but IN tec The mutual surrender place.
Tie weatsr nation completely a, the mercy Of tl'
stronger. While the iorn,r loses the latter gains -
The mutual surrender aud tSe freedom OF tho sea /
much completely gwen VI 70 a lev great Powers
Which have the means and disposition 70 maintain large
i uayss. This soscrnmcrt vii fully develope
is views 10 the operation OF the FIRST principle o.
the Prtis "6echraiifn'.hat m relation 70 the ataa
comment 81 the risht TO issue letters u marque-n II
reIly 10 those Powers which have invited ts concur
rtnce in the declaration The measure unless gives
inI app cation to the principle upon which IL s basel
ana made 20 withdraw private property the ocear
from seizure by pablo armed vessels as well a. by pri
yai,ers will be exceedingly injurious ~ the com nero,
Or s 5aons wbicn DO net occupy the arst rank mons
lam directed BY the rresiien, 10 Instruct you 20 pre-
ant ths general view OF the subject 20 the govern
~ hleh you are accre deJ In the hope that may b,
induced 10 hesitate In accedng u a proposition which 1
here conceived TO be irsugh With injurious consequen
10 an but those Powers which already have, wi.
/ Hne 10 furnish themselves with, powerful nayies
1 / am sir, your obedeni servant, W. l. MARCY.
4 J. j. suHEfs, Esq Sc Brussels
The same The Ministers Of the United States at Ma
| ples Madrid Stockholm Copenhagen, Lisbon, Mexico
Nicaragua, Bogots Caracas, Rio dc Jsneiro, Bueno
| Ayres, santiago de Chile Lms, Quito Ia Psz an
| Hawaii.
| -
CcuRr MARTIAL IN Nsw oRLEAss.-Tbe mltar