New-York daily tribune., 1856-06-07

utu0lhCub desires bnd dputides iOf IL snAu Iuoc'
with ample exercise, and thus manhood and woman
hood be strengthened, enlightened. and beautied1 .
until The human will shall be at all times and in all
things coincident with the Divine Lsw-such Is
the aim Of the Socialist.
The measure Of q communiy's position on tho
scale Of humanity is work. Pass from the centsr
TO the north Of AJrics-thence through Italy and
into France and EDgland-sDd you run up from
the bottom Of the scale Of human condition to the
top. In Central Africa humanity is inactive, stag
naat and consequently, savage. In Barbary, it
shows somewhat more of creative life, and in
Italy shines with the lively bues of various action.
In the centtrs Of m,dern civilization. in Paris aud
LOLdtn, it sparkles with the heat Of qsck intel
lectual motion The multiple stion and enlarge
Dent of work coDgregste men more and more
closely together. Nothing massive and complete,
nohiDg delicate and exquisite, can be pro-
duced except through cooperative labor, through
association. A large city is large association,
but combined in an arbitrary, partial, aud imper'
feet nanher. Organization is the first condition
Of healthy life and activity. Bat organization in
plies whole made up Of separate parts or organs,
in obedience 10 an integral lava whole consti.
stuted in cOAforoity with innate vital fitness. 1t
involyei cooperation among the parts forming the
whole-s willing, free, active cooperation or
working together. But this law il not realized 10
our present industrial arrangements. Nowhere is
is there free working together Of the parts form.
ipg the whole. Men do not work according 10
their aptitudes few Of their capacities for work
fro scope to work; they do not work harmoniously
one with the other and one with all; they do not
work under the csrcpy of an all-pre,diOg ju'slce.
Co0peration among them is comparatively loose and
feeble and hence the ends Of work are but partially
fulfilled, the objects of life but imperfectly attained
"Look beneath the busy surface, and you per-
cei,e that these two or three hundred thousand,
congrt gated iD city, for the convei ience OF work
ing tgetber work nevertheless not freely, not Will
liDgly, often hostlely; each one, moreover, work
ing forever in one monotOnOus track, the same
from day to day, and month to month, aud year 10
year; the clerk ever behind the des x, the builder
ever with one set Of tools the lawyer ever with
bis pleas and precedents, the shoemaker ever at
his last the smth ever over his furnace; and
so through the long roll Of occupations that unite
to swell the huge current of civilized Industry.
Work is mostly iiksOme, laborious, fatigulng,
dstasteful, because each man works during Life at
one work, which, while it wearies the few facu1es
engaged il, at the same time, further distressing,
from the unnatural idleness Of so many others To
sit in ole posture for several hours 10 atigulsg:
to look at one object all day would dull and wear
A. fr hon AT frat
Oftnds the ear, tten deadens it's sensioiiity. and
yet, from week to week, ard year to year, We work
at one work. whereby We starve two-thirds OF our
faculties, and Overstrain the other third. Htnce,
enpui di.cOntent, one sid edness irritsbty inef-
ciepcy-and thence immortality misery, crime"
But let US see whether wo cannot be so order
ed that the intellectual activity shall be increased
hundred fold, the immense product of industry be
quadIupled al d the moral condition purified and
Frightened infinitely. Men, they expand in
culture, crowd themselves into towns for the pro-
motion of work by increasing the facilities of CO.
operation. Now, take another step and bring the
workers under enc roof.
Suopose eighteen hundred or two thousand people
nsead of being housed under three hundred roofs in
small town. each with its separate kitchen and house
hold weIe united in vas building, five times the
sze of the Astor Hovse where each individual or fam
y rbC ud find lodDgs according to desire and means
and every room should be lighted, warmed, and wa
tered from common reservoirs and all the inmates
should be served from kitchen at public tables
or in parties, or individually, at different hours,
TO suit all. From the experience we have in fac
tories ard hotes, we know that through this con
c.utrsticn large economies mi Skt be made but
netting more. Hereby work is not organized. Two
thoueand people sl Of them workers may live under
one roof srd still be as much golsted, csunited as
H.. nd thr,, dTr0 rotf- A. in
vast hotel. The one huge, comprehensive building,
is orly mechanical condition o. organization, bring
ing the worker close at hsnc to one another for
c,Itrai.d action. The mere gain Of economy would
not sufice TO keep them together; for to most if not
10 all this ccte contact WhOa close sympathy without
lively corstaLt coopt ration in work, would be repug-
nsLt Except through the attractions Of pursuits N
common people will not continue united in the
partial union at present existrg. Work La the OILY
bono that will bind men permanently, contentedy,
o.o,cy together. by developing work you strengthen
union BY peifectiDg work, you create and cherish
bIc,herbood. Thus It is only by this perfecting that
you can compass the conditions needed for the doni
nance among men II Christian owe
How are these two thousand persons to be held
tocether-conyerted from mere congregation Of
human units into highly organic onenessl To
knit them into complex but most compsc. web
Of uniy TO harmonire all interests while multiply
ing and enargipg tben-to annul all discords or
rather out Of many dscords TO make one grand con.
cord so that these two thousand sh4ll uos only be-
willing TO remain together, but shall SO deligh, in
being together that no inducement or temptation
couIdd draw them a4uuder-this is the probe which
no merely human ingenuity can solve. Nothing
arbitrary, nothing conventional, can here BE- of
avail. The most euunDgly devised constitution
and bylaws would be as poSerless to solve this
problem as would be the votes Of a toun-meeting
to nnicken the motion Of our planet For this ,n