davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-01-19

ffhlpp and point the peninsula OF Florida Or a
the Keys, acsmpsxsvey sh III plateau. rather gssy
Mississippi, Aso4ma and Fisi0a. That Outside Of tas
In April 1864 the difference Of temperature in 100
miles, nearly on The Baxe, ton degrees The tenn
peratuIe OF The outer water 70 deg nearly that
Of the Gulf Stream at this season Of the year.
chiefly HERNIA. Sss s1a sSs
shall Introduce what u known In general way Of its
Passing By the Florida Keys the stream wss f,uni lat
summer to have Temperature q "a d-g THIS deg
sbove the Temperature Of the mon n Of juno at
The .ur1ent here has little strength ,gh, however.
to make yesses seek Its aid in T. ee9Ard fssm
Key West and enough there TO cause thu steamers 10
feek II IN their BY stsncng towards the mid
the passage between the Flo ida keys sod Cuba
Issuing through the Straits OF FLORIDA aad
saa ne is is ,urnsd nortsward b. the lad
Viii h confines and directs IL. Tho direction Of the
stream here L nearly north By little west or north, Its
and iis summer temperature (Jay and Aaguss) at az
Teen hthorls below the suface about deg vsrying
shows instead o. an IN be ss vosr ~ the
rushing waters Of his great stream, quite moders ny
deep passage with two i,ns passing rapidly
70 the north and the other slowly the SOUTH
misabably tropical the other as by poar a
its Origin the ower savrg tao bottom OF the 6roa
the great atuitioo assumed for /. by theorists
Follow now the cou &c of the s,resm a Il
bends mo the blight betseen Cape Florida and
Cape Hatteras. Eecoiiect that each Of tnsss
curves Is the result q many data al that
the cold wall tbc axis the Iiaimuu Add second
warm streams four independent sets of Oh .erva
tons; thai tie positions In ion and ia the
several sections are results Of Independent ossevau
that the result confirm each other remarkably &
only in passing rom the surce tue greatest depths
but f:om pofncn to position, and from section seo-
ton The sire of Cape Cansverai has north vardy
set and beteee that Cape and st. Augustine osgios
TO bend tho eastward # nprth. The stream
st. Augustine and Ha taken the genera direcuoo
Of the coast making deg OF casting Of nor hicg
curves ~ the Inward, and theo eastward
tc make about deg. Of casting in deg II norhing.
In the latitude OF ceg between Cape Charles aud CADs
Henloptn, IL turns quite cas- wsrdly having thsn
loclty Of only between one ami two mites an hour.
That th general weep follow, the under water,
(the coast line the Of hundred faith rms and
the hill ranges Of Maait, Craven and Sands seem in .
genera way fully to establish That It may ,dRsA
by other circuns denied but merely that
is rot determined by them.
The after progress II this mighty stream and OF IL
branches remain yet to be traced tbs part has oesa
and The variations from tbs general conditions preseased
by changes Of teas .ns, winds aud storms
Toese we may hope unless the success which hes
hitherto attended these lsbors be Tor the future denid
THEM, accurately to determine, and perhaps fa
tuie day to present to your attention.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-01-19

New JUDICIAL DIsTIICT AT the Genezal Tern
of the supreme Court held ct Btcn Spa aat week. ~
Of rsmodspg the diatrict under ths nswcsn
sus vas ssiiated somewhat, and a. Beach, Esa, ~
vocaed he formation Of district TO 10 composed v
d. ana pcttioa drawn up to the IAgislaturs IL
accordance herewith.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-01-19

Lieut.. Hsrtsua, o. 8. A., was wounded b. the Florida
Indians; not killed, ~ expected.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-01-19

upon which It has been found convenient to study them
Of simple FORM On the ordinary chart,
referred to BY the Of the cape other
well known locality, near which IL passes, and The
positions at which the temperatures different depths
have been sscertained The law Of change Of toupsra
the depths figured at the sde aud the
in degrees Of Fahrenhcs scale ct the top The changes Of
temperature at the depth and in different positions
are given in the next diagram, who're the scale Of tem
nautical miles from the coast at the top. In ths the dit
erent show the changes Of temperatures the
Same depths, rsing and falling the diagram the
temperature rises and falls The curves showing the
distinguished severaly from each other The depths
at which the temperatures the sho rn Ia
tho next oingram, which also serves TO give the
form OF the bottom Of the sea, where It has
and he Positions before ct tho top tho distance from
the coast in nautical miles being Expressed by the
The for each five degrees Of the theconetor
the results gepersixsd BY these dia they
ready To be entered upon the general chart upon which
the section already marked aud the position Of OBJ
servation placed This "a very plain, but not
little study has been expended to bring into so smpsa
shape.
The law Of the change Of perature with depth
pressed moro less perfectly in ell the observations
Suppose tho temperature ascert dned BY Observation
hundred two hundred, three hundred ave handrei
thousand, fifteen hundred n homs the depths Marked at
the Sides the temperature at the top and vertical nss
drawn through the points Of Temperature observation
downwArds unt they reach these depths the scale,
the intersections being marked ana the curve drawn.
This shows ut to the eye the law Of change. There
are two classes OF curves which expressly typical OF
stream and the cos.t and in the Cuff ITSELF Ths srsi
IL shown the FIRST diagram, descending almost vert
cay from the surface II expresses that the temperature
changes very little aye or ten fAthons; then rounding
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-01-19


nents at moderate intervals for observations at small
depths at larger intervals for greater dcphssuch was
the general OF exploration pursued in the Coast Sur
vey.
was Of course every account to be preferred for the
greater part Of the stream. The season OF sold and
storms which renders navigation perous and interercs
with work, is also thatwhcn the srca coong rapidly
from the air above IT, the surface water descends and
mixing with the warm water below disturOs essentially
the equilibrium Of temperatures.
Sounding In stormy weather is very difficult, II not
improbable OPERATION yielding with much labor very
inaccurate results OF course complete exploration
requires that the changes Of the be invest
unknown features Of the stream those of nsvi-
CATION in storms would have been TO task the observers
beyond endurance. It has turned out that If had
braved the winter season In early work. the confused
state Of the temperatures At different depths below the
surface would have impcded the study Of the results and
have caused probably to miss Of tho beauti-
full and striking Of tho gsncraliza,ions
Important is the Gulf Stream TO the navigator Of
coast snd forming as 1t docs one Of Its most marked
hydro graphic features still 1t only part Of the
work OF the Coast Survey and to hAvo gvcn uniue
share Of and attention to these researches at the
sea coast would have been mansstly njudcious Hence
these researches have been prosecuted by pieceme
iron time 70 time bat always with steady aim so that
even partial results contributed TO the pishment
Of the general design.
would DO Of personal than general interest to
speak Of the instructions for making tho obscry Of
thote in regard to Instruments, 10 the mode OF repre-
sonpg ths results In tables and diagrams to the phs-
noepa that we're to DO looked for and to the mole Of
The cs q photographic parties of tho Coast Survey
to whom the work has been entrusted, have In most
cases. been selected for IL In consequence OF special
aptitude and gone ally volunteers. The first officer who
entered upon the Geld WAS Lieutenant (now Com nander)
Charles H. Davis, the present accomplished superin-
endent OF the Nautical Almanac. Full of zeal accord
ing TO knowledge, he made most successful beginning
and from bis observations In f645 resulted the law Of
Temperature with depths In the cold current between the
earth md the Gulf Stream Bottom reached at 1900
fathoms, aud specimen brought up by Iieutenant
Davis, In October, 1886. This officer, who had pro.
viousy been connected with the Coast Survey under Mr.
Hasser rejoned sooaavg my appontmept, to cooper
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-01-19

Uncertainty in Mi7es.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1856-09-03
Bursting of a Great Water Cavern.

STAUSroE, VA, Aug. IA, 1856.
A remarkable occurrence took place
at the Blue Ridge Tunnel last night
The third set of workmen were engaged
in digging as usual, when one of them
Pat Flagan noticed that the texture
of the rock before him changed sudden.
ly from bart to soft, and the soft wa.
wet. Shortly after, a stream of water
issued from an orifce he had made
This was succeeded by n heavy rum
bling sound Z" ike the cars" which SC
frightened the hands hat they all made
for the open air. Well was it for them
that they did so! The sound continued
to grow louder and louder for some
minutes. till a crash was heard, and i'm.
mediately a vast stream Of water rolled
out Of the tunnel. An eye witness says
that the head of the stream was at Least
ten feet high, and that it swept carts and
barrows before it I" like chaff."
The stream continued to pour a per-
feet river till 12 o'clock, when it grad.
uaily subsidized. and was low enough al
3 p. NJ, to allow us to make a hasty
survey of lis cause. 1t seems that there
is. in the middle Of the mountain, an
immense cavern or pocket, in which
water from the melting snow has been
deposited for years, and hat the line
Of the tunnel taps this cavern near its
centre.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1856-09-03
R. P. Ranney Charging Fremont with
being q Catholic

We have been told that Judge Ran
ney, in his speech at Johnston, charged
Fremont with being a Cats Ollie /; now,
we say, if Ranney made such a charge,
he stated what is totally false. and he
either knew it to be false, or else did not
know any thing about it, and was there
fore reckless I; we further assert that,
from all the evidences presented. direct
and circumsiantial, Judge Ranney must
believe such a charge TO be false /; end
SO must any other person believe, who
has brains enough to last him a year.
Making such a charge, would raise
the inference that Judge Ranney and his
party ale opposed to Roman Catholics,
and that he is willing to bring religion
into politics. When the Democrat re-
peats it. from the New York Express. it
would seem that the Democracy OF
Trumbull dislike Fremont on the as
sumed ground that he is a Catholic.
Now, when it is known that the
Catholics and Catholic papers over the
Uuited States generally support Buchan-
an and the Cincinnati platform, and
oppose Fremont, it seems not q little
strange, that, here in Trumbull, the
Democrat, and Buchanan stumpers
should be taking a different course, and
in doing so, actually utter falsehoods
about Fremont.
Will Mr.. Ritezel, who has Religion so
much at heart. please say what kind of
Religion he would Ike Fremont to have,
and what kind of Religion Buchanan
viii he also get Mr.. Ranney
through his paper to prove to his Demo-
cratic friends in Trumbull the truth Of
the charge he is said to have T:ade at
J ohnsion? We pronounce such a
charge false. We will inform Mr.. Rite
eel where he and Ranney, if they be-
ihtir charges, can make some
money easy. In New York City,
friend of Fremont has advertised in a
paper, a splendid wager of $4,000,
Fremont is not now, nor never was,
a Catholic ; also one of 5000 that he is
not now, and never was, a STAKEHOLDER
or owner Of a slave.
We say further. that having made
false charges, perhaps maliciously, we
believe Mr.. Ritezel will not have the
magnanimity. christian as he is said to
be, to take them back or ever 10 pub
lish this plump denial Of them.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1856-09-03
Congress Adjourned-The Army Bill
Passed.

Congress adjourned on Saturday last.
after passing the Army Bill. without the
restrictive proviso. Fourteen millions
of dollars are thus placed at the disposal
of tie President, for Army purposes,
and the President long Ego placed him
self at the disposal of the Slavery inter
est. There is no longer doubt but that
the troops of the General Government
will be used to subdue the free settlers
of Kansas.
We learn from the Cleveland Herald,
that Hon. j. R. Giddings, just return d
from Washington, informs US that every
Republican in the House stood firm on
the final vote. There was 10 finching
The Kansas subjugationisrs had a ma.
jority, by forcing in all their absentees.
The pluck of The Republicans upon
the point in controversy IS shown BY the
fact that Mr.. Brenton, of Indiana, labor
ing under. paralysis, vas carried into
the House upon a couch 10 voIe, and
was unable TO respond audibly 10 the
call of his name.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1856-09-03
Give Help Where it is Needed

As it is conceded, on all hands, that
Ohio will give Fremont, from fifty to
sixty thousand majority. We feel pro-
voked hat SO many good speakers are
wasting their time there. We cannot by
any possibility hope to carry our State
BY more than from ten to twenty thou
sand, and our sister on the other side of
the Ohio river, should not attempt to
carry off all the laureis. Fair play is
benny play"-as the good old Scotch
matron said but we do not think it ''fair
play" to take sixty or seventy thou and
majority for Freedom and FREMONT
and leave us the neagre and paltry MA
joriiy of even twenty thousand Wash-
ingtOn Pa Tri6une.
The suggestion OF the Tribune is good.
Ohio has many able speakers who might
be spared for a while. during this cam
paign, to aid the cause of freedom in
our sister State. There is not a shadow
Of doubt as to the result here, while
Pennsylvania will be the battle ground
where The coming contest will be dceid
ed. There the full strength OF the
Pro Slavery forces viii be marshalled,
and they should be firmly met.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1856-09-03
J. r. GIDDINGS.
For the Chronicl
Democratic Meeting at Niles.

MEssRs. EDIToRs:-Ih have Just return.
ed from the great Democratic Mass Meet
ing. that has been announced by papers
and handbills, circulated all around the
country for the last two or three weeks,
to come off at this place at 1 o'clock, TO-
day. Every effort vas made TO get out
a crowd. Distinguished speakers were
to be here, also the German Glee Club
and some said the Garfield Brass Band.
1t was also rumored that the great Sam
Black, from Pittsburgh, was to be here.
But with all these efforts, they did not
get out more than 40 or so Democrats.
Some of these were from Liberty, How
land, Vienna, and even Garfield. Oh!
Democracy, how art thou fallen! How
ever, between 3 and 4 O'Clock, the Hon.
R. P. Ranney commenced speaking, and
spoke for some two hours and a half,
when the meeting Immediately adjourn
ed, giving NJ chance for any one to re-
ply, or call in question any of the absurd
propositions taken by the speaker OF
all the soft soldering 1 ever heard. this
exceeded, but the 'unterrifed' swallow
ed it all down, as true gospel. l was
forcibly reminded of the old adage-
where ignorance is bliss, Ills folly to be
WISE But L forbear saying anything
more in regard 10 it, only that it could
be considered nothing short Of a complete
Democratic Fizzle.
A celebrated Doctor of your Place,
had to act as chairman of the meeting.
Messis. Hoffman and Smith, of Warren,
were present, having an indirect invita-
ton from one of the prominent men Of
the Democratic party, to reply. The
privilege was asked, but they would not
agree to it, by any means. Mr.. H. how
ever, appointed a meeting here or next
Saturday, at , o'clock, P. NJ, to review
Mr.. Ranney's speech, or 10 hold a dis.
cussion with any of the Democrats that
might choose to meet him. We do hope
many Democrats may make it conven-
lent TO attend, and hear the TRUTH.
Yours, DC, FAIR PLAY.
Niles, Aug. 80, 1856.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1856-09-03
Our Outside,

On the outside of this paper, will be
found several documents which will make
it valuable to file for future reference
First, we have the two Platforms, ar
ranged side by side, so as 10 be easily
compared, or rather contrasted. Then
Col. Fremont's letter of acceptance,
next Judge Ranney's letter of I848 ;
and then a letter from Col Brant, efec-
tuaily stopping the mouths of those who
pretend TO accuse Fremont of holding
slaves. Altogether it affords a mass of
documents, valuable and convenient.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1856-09-03
Map of the Westerp States.

We have been shown by the Agent,
Mr.. W. o. X. Cone, who is now in this
town soliciting orders, the most complete
Map of the kind which we have seem
1t is a Map of the Great West on a large
scale, showing in connection, Ohio, Indi-
ana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Ken
lucky, Missouri and Iowa, with the ter
ri,oiies of Minnesota, Nebraska, and Kan.
sas. Particular attention has been paid
10 the R. Rolds with all their Stations;
the streams, Lakes, Ponds, Swamps, &c,
through the west, and every township
is given with base lines, and principal
meridians with the ranges and townships
numbered. 1t is engraved on COPPER
PLATE, and handsomely bordered with
scroll-wOrk, with the Introduction of
Daguerreotype views of Western Cities.
Kansas, the great bone of contention be-
tween Slavery and Freedom, is carefully
deiIneated, showing cities, villages, and
hamlets; town and county lines hitherto
unknown to Map Publishers. 1t is a
very valuable Map for reference, and
merits large sales. Its finished in the
most durable manner and sold ONLY by
duly authorized agents at uniform prices.
We trust it will be extensively patron
We are informed that johnson &
Bro. do a fair and uniform business, al
but one agent in a county-a sys-
designed to prevent opposit on and
imposition. The only opportunity of OBJ.
a copy of this work, is to leave
an order with the agent, who will take
orders by the towns and villages, of
County, after which n order
will be solicited in this county.
Published by D. G. &c A j. J .hnson,
New York, under the patronage of the
United States Cow n mel The follow
ing certificate shows the character of
this work, and its publishers:
Washington, D. c.. April II, 1856.
General Land Office.
This may certify. that Mr. D. G. John
son has copied all the Public Land Sur
veys in this Office to this date.
A. BIELASKI Draughtsman,
to the Land Department.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1856-09-03

P~N0TICE-DR. S. STRoNG's FEVER DEsrRoYER.
The proprietOrs depend wholly upon the intrinsic
virtues, the curative powers OF this new Remedy. to
build up its own reputation. Every sufferer will be
left to decide for himself the relief it affords him. The
best recommendation it can acquire is to take IL to the
sick room, and there let it speak FOR itself; let it there
spread joy and peace around the pillow Of suffering
and pain. II It will not do this, a thousand certificates
win 10 but little towards securing the confidence Of the
public. The testimOniais-Ehieh are many and long
are published in a circular, as the limits Of an adver-
tisement will not permit-which are presented more
for the purpose OF calling the public mind to this new
remedy. which may be found at the principal Druggist
IN the Western States and California
If II possesses the extraordinary powers which We
claim. il will have great popularity wherever intro
duced, and form a great public blessing. On the other
hand, If it possesses no real value, the sick will soon
find It out, and demonstrate it as a humbug, "a base
imposition" See advertisement.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1856-09-03
Marriaass.

In Mecca, August 10th, by Rev. A. Sanford,
Mr.. ALONEY GOFF, to Miss MARGARET
JOHNSON, both of Gustayus.
In Ravenna, on the 18th inst, Mr.. WM. II.
LEPPER, of Lordstown. Trumbull County, to
Miss LAURA A. ABELL.
At Nelson Ledge, on the 18th inst, by A. S.
Hayden, Principal of Hiram Institute, Mr.. AR
NOT MASON, to Miss FANNY c. KING.
At the same time and place, by the same, Mr.
JOHN G.. MASON, to Miss EMILY ALLEN.
In Andover, Aug. 10Th, Mr.. ORAE. CLARK,
and Miss FRANCES E. FARLEY.
In Colebrook, July 31st, Mr.. MOSES B.
MARSH, and Miss NANCY SARGEANT.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1856-09-03
MFDTCAL, REPRESENTATIVES.

For a long time n certain class Of diseases has hsf-
fed the skill and practice of the most eminent mem
bers ofthe regular medical faculty. Foremost among
these we nigh. instance epilepsy or falling hts. nap
PLY now by the skill and inventive geniuE ofan emiE-
emit el-Iaist q Baltimore, Nd this disease has been
brought within the means offs cure We aildde to the
prePar-ii IN called ths Vegetable Extract Epileptie
pills. invented and prepared by DR.. 8. G. HAscE. Of
lOS Baltimore street, Baltimore, Md. Since their dis
eoVery many persons who had given up all hopes Of
ever Icing cured have been restored 70 the full enjoy.
meHt of h-altn- Prominent among these We might emu
mer re Mr. Harrison bightfcot, Of Huntsville, Ala
haHS Ar l. hes suffered as much from Epilepsy, az
airy other persoHi in the world; never knowing what 4.
vE<tO pass = week without having an attack, and often
-liins in the streets VI Huntsville. He isno~ fully 70.
storei ana has not htd an attack for more than a year.
DR.. H4nceis Pills have been the sure cause Of this
cure. Tlese pills also cure all notifications OF Fits,
spasms. Cramrs, &c. and are very servieeable for per.
sons Of weak nerves. DR.. Hanee. sends them 10 any
part Of the country on the receipt Of a remitanee.-
Price. one box. 50; two. IS; twelve, S24. Addresi
SETH S. HANCE, lOs Baltimore street, Baltimore,
Nd.
Western Reserve chronicle. [volume] (Warren, Ohio) 1855-1921, 1856-09-03
Bank of New Castle. Pa.

The Pathfinder, of the 18Th inst. pub
lished at Portsmouth, Ohio. gives cir.
culatiOn to the following:
"A telegraph dispatch was received
in this city to day, announcing the fail
ures of the following Banks:
Warren County Bank, Warren Pa.
New Castle Bank. New Castle, Pa.
Erie City Bank, Erie, Pa.
Hagerstown Bank, Hagerstown, Md
The Lawrence JouanaL, published Al
New Castle, says:
The above, as far as it has reference
to the New Castle Bank, is withou. the
least shadow of truth. The Bank Of
New Castle is now. and always has
been, able 10 redeem every dollar pre-
sented at its counter in gold and silver
The people here are acquainted with
the stockholders and the officers of the
Bank, and have the fullest assurance:
in the ~solvency of the Institution.