davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Kansas herald of freedom., 1856-11-22
The ways of Providence.

All experience has proved that Prov
idence is ever laboring to bring good
out of evil. Last summer when the
Border Rufians shut up the Missouri
river against Free State settlers to Kan
sas, we thought, for the time. that the
prospects of freedom in Kansas were
greatly narrowed by that circumstance.
Our hopes have always rested on a
large emigration from the free States.
instead of acts of Congress, or special
Legislation. Fill up Kansas with free
laborers, and no slave holder viii re-
move here with his slave property, how
ever much protected by law, because, in
each, he has an investment of about
8 900. Where there are free laborers,
such ehattels long to be free, and i'm
prove each favorable opportunity to
make themselves such. But no sooner
was emigration interdicted by the river,
than land passage was opened through
Iowa and Nebraska. This has not only
resulted in showing up the rich lands
and beautiful scenery of Nebraska to
the pioneer, and secured that Territory
to freedom but it has done more: 1t has
been the means of pouring an immense
emigration, overland, into Kansas. 1t
has cut off our trade for produce, to a
great extent, with Missouri and given
it to Iowa. 1t has aroused the people OF
the Northern States to action, and they
have resolved to redress our wrongs.
1t has Injured the Kansas emigrant to
pioneer life, before his arrival, and fit
ted him for dwelling in tents, and hard
fare generally. The result is seen il
nearly all the new eomers settling dowr
upon claims and improving them, instead
of returning to the states, as was thu
case with a large majority, who were nm
fitted by good living on the Missouri
river, to our border life.
All those forays into Kansas have
had their beneficial effects. If Kansa,
had been let alone, by the border horde
for few years, they would have hat
quiet possession; but their outrages have
brought the country into notice, ant
now they might better thinkof Wrestling
Gibralter from its legal occupants, thar
Kansas from Freedom.
An overruling Providence is seen il
all this, as much as was the case to fu
ture generations. when the Egyptians
practiced severities upon the Israelites
The Kansas herald of freedom., 1856-11-22

@ A Grand Jury in Virginia has
indicted the ". 7. Tribune as nuisance
Wonder if they will abate it, as they
did the Herald Of Freedom Office in
Lawrence2 Where is Lscompte, Jones
Il Co.? Their services would be in
good demand in Virginia at this time.
The Kansas herald of freedom., 1856-11-22

~ We have a stock of jobbing
material on the way to Lawrence, and
shall look for its arrival in a few days
When received we shall be qualified
again to do the best kind of job work,
and hope TO receive a large amount Of
y,.iropaac.
The Kansas herald of freedom., 1856-11-22
@ TWO hundred boxes of clothing

E9 Two hundred boxes of clothing,
valued in the aggregate at about SIS 600,
have been forwarded to Kansas, through
the National Committee at Chicago. for
the relief OF the necessitous. An mn
mence amount of suffering in Kansas
will be prevented by this timely ae-
tion of the noble and generous hearted in
the States.
The Kansas herald of freedom., 1856-11-22

r. JoHS HUrcmSsos ESD, Of this
city, wasin ElienyilIe n. Y sfew weeks
ago. and spoke on Kansas matters.
The Kansas herald of freedom., 1856-11-22

H Our government is showing its
meanness in other parts OF the world
besides Kansas. Read the following
from the ". 2. Herald.
WASHINGTON, Oct. q, 1856.
The Navy Department finds great diff
ficnlty in procuring sailors to man the
public vessels. The government is vio-
lating its contract with every one who
enlists in the naval service, by refusing
to discharge them at the expiration of
their respective terms of enlistment
Such is now the condition of most of
the seamen on American vessels at for
eign stations. The excuse given by the
department for refusidg to discharge
them is that men cannot be procured for
the relief ships. However willing Jack
may be to serve his country, he wishes
that service to be voluntary; and when
men at homo see this violation of faith
on the part of government towards
those in service, they viii, Of course,
decline enlistment. Such confusion as
now exists in the navy is without pre-
eedent.
The Kansas herald of freedom., 1856-11-22
e The Grand jun of ..Dougla..

County" was in session until few
days ago. but we have no intimation,
thus far, that the press and type have
been again indicted as nuisances. The
Leeompton Union says it is the same
thing resuscitated. Then, of course. il
the former action was correct, it ought
to be destoyed. Wonder if it win be!
The Kansas herald of freedom., 1856-11-22
gWe hear ofsno fresh disturbances

wWe hear ofno fresi. disturbances
in the Territory. Neither was there
any last autumn at this time but on
the LIST of December an army surroun-
ded Lawrence, constantly threatning its
destruction. ..In a day, or an hour,
when you think not Of. de-
The Kansas herald of freedom., 1856-11-22
Delinquents and Agents.

All persons, agents, or otherwise,
sending subscribers to the Herald OF
Freedom must accompany their orders
with the cash, else their names will not
be entered on our books. Those whose
names have been entered on the prom
ise that they would pay as soon as they
received the first copy of the paper,will
be cut off unless we hear from them
soon. Those agents who have squan-
dered some two thousand dollars be-
longing to the establishment, forward
ing names without the money, are infor-
med that we purpose making examples
of them within few weeks. The Gen
tleman at Rochester, n. Y, who with
holds one hundred dollars, viii find his
name conspieuously in our black list,
in the course of six weeks from this
time, unless payment is forthcoming.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28
giving up all previous claims, by ending
such occupation for all future time Sun

giving up all previous claims, by ending
such occupation for all future time. Sup
pose, then, it were possible to arbitrate,
and the British view sustained, still, rs Mr..
Marcy justly observes, "ail the substantial
points at difference between the two coun-
tries would remain untouched" for 1.-THE dis
putc would still exist as to what rightful pos
session at the date of the convention Great
Britain actually had in Central America
These words virtually reject the proposal for
arbitration except on this one point. Is the
island of Rattan a dependency of Balize p
Meantime the gathering storm is fostered
from without; Champion is dismissed !;
Walker is recognized; Costa Rica has been
defeated and John Bulls humiliating con-
cessions have been made in vain.
If the eye of logic tries to penetrate the
thick haze of such an ominous calm, it
sees nothing but i'll defined shapes of en-
bryo events, amongst which the straws, the
trlriat circumstances, which may be destined
to precipitate grand historical crisis, are
utterly invisible. Yet again We repeat,
"man proposes and God disposes," and if
the christian will calmly look around him
and note the nations crimes, he will see too
plainly that the ''peIilous times" have core,
and that the scOurge of war may be dcstineu
to be the rod of chastisement and the ;-.-i-
fer of its moral atmosphere. y.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28

SALARIES or CLERKS OF THE BANK OF Eng.
LAND.-A clerk in the Bank of England en-.
iers at the age of seventeen, on a salary of
one hundred and fifty dollars year with an
additional hundred if he is punctual every
morning. His salary is increased fifty dol.
lars year till his income reaches four hum
dred dollars. 1t is then raised twenty five
dollars year till it reaches an annual salary
of five hundred dollars. From that time
the salary has increased at the rate of forty
dollars year till the gentleman has worked
ms way up to the comfortable income Of
thirteen hundred dollars. But this not all.
Every employer Of the bank is entitled to a
retiring pension of an amount proportioned
to the number of years he has served. After
forty years service, we believe, a clerk is
entitled to retire upon pension equal to the
amount of the salary he enjoyed at the time
Of his retirement. When a clerk is absent
on leave he forfeits thirty-three cents per
day-an arrangement which has double ad-
vantage of securing the bank from lmposi-
ton, and Of giving modest man the cour-
age to ask for leave Of absence when it is
necessary; indeed, the system generally
seems to us the only one by which faithful
service can be nationally expected.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28
Sir Thomas Lawrence,

II - SAID that tie gallery Of Warwick
Castle contains copy of portrait of La.
dy Kenyon, executed 10y Sir Thomas Law.
renee when Only five years of age, Of which
the following story is told:
Lord ard Lady Kenyon on their wav to
Bath happened to stop day at the Black
Bear, at Devizer, IN Wiltshire of which
hotel Thomas father was landlord In the
course OF the afternoon their privacy was in
terrupted by the entrance of Mr.. Lawrence.
who ininediatcly-almost without giving
himself time to make suitable apologies0
began to eXpatiate on the genius of his son
who, although only in his fifth year, could
reclte poetry or speeches, or take their like
ncsses, whichever they chose" Lady Ken.
yon was inclined to be ANNOYED at the man
but there presently entered into the apart
ment. straddling upon walking stick. ono
OF .he most lovely and spirited children She
had ever behcld. His beautiful face was
flushed with exercise, and neither she nor
her husband felt the slightest inclination TO
put stop to his gambols. As soon as the
child could be induced to stand still, Lady
Kenyon took him up in her arms.
my little dear" said she, .'do YOU think
you could take the likeness of that gentle
man poIHttnS 10 nCr husband.
Yes, that cam replied the bow, look.
ing with an impatient earnestness at Lord
Kenyon; 'yes, that can, very like too"
Whilst the requisite materials were sent
for, the child resumed his play; but when
all was prepared, throwing his little legs from
over his stick, he was lifted on the table.
and seated in an arm chair, from which he
took the future Lord Chancellor's likeness.
with rapidity. spirit, and correctness
perfectly astounding. That done, he was
impatient TO be gone. But his lordship was
not yet done with him.
do you think, my dear" he said, in q
coaxlng tone, that you could make a por-
trait Of Lady Kenyon"
Yes" replied the young artist, "that I
can, if she will only turn her side to me, for
her face is not straight"
This reply produced so hearty burst of
laughter as seldom so fashionable folks in
dulgc in; for the lady, by accident, had
slight curvature Of the nose
The child took the lady's profile, and her
friends to whom she was proud to exhibit it,
bore witness to the truth of the rcsem-
blance.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28

CONDITION OF THE HIGHER WALKS OF EDu-
CATION IN THE UNITED SrATEs.-A few sta
tistics will show that the colleges, theologi-
cal schools, medical schools and law acadc-
mics are both numerous and prosperous
The total number Of colleges which gives
degrees of Master of Arts is one hundred
and twenty-five. The students exceed II,
900. This is exclusive of the high schools
belonging to the State system Of education,
many of which schools like our own, take
rank with the best colleges. and for practi-
cal purposes, perhaps excel them.
The one hundred and twenty-five colleges
employ more than 1000 professors, pos
sess extensive laboratories and astronomical
instruments, and own libraries containing in
the aggregate over 600, 600 volumes. Near
ly three thousand students are honorably
dismissed from these colleges, at the end of
every year with minds often cultivated to
the highest degree, and always cultivated
comprehensively.
OF medical schools there are about forty.
The students exceed five thousand. The
professors are not less than two hundred and
fifty The theological schools of the United
States number forty-four The professors
number one hundred and twenty-seven.
The students vary from thirteen hundred to
fourteen hundred. The libraries belonging
to these schools contain about two hundred
thousand volumes.
The law schools of the United States are
but sixteen, and the pupils about six hun
dred. Bui this gives no fair estimate of the
number of young men engaged in the study
of the law. We have no doubt that be-
tween thirty and forty thousand young men
are engaged in studying the law.-Philadet-
phia Ledger.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28
Winter T.owering Green-Iou,e Plants.

Il should not be forgotten that summer is
the time 10 prepare plants for furnishing
flowers for winter decoration. With but few
exceptions, IN proportion rs this is kept in
view, and the plants allowed to make close,
bushy growth during summer, viii depend
their adaptability for supplying flowers in
abundance for winter la the hurry of the
season, this is often los; sight OF, and in the
fall, instead of having a collection of plants
in the best possible condition, from their
having bsen allowed plenty of room to
grow, it is found they are sickly and un-
healthy, from the want of proper care, and
no nursing will make good plants of them in
the winter. Some Of the necessary opera
tons will be pruning in the shoots quite
close, rcpotting into larger pots when neces-
sary, and in case Of small plants, planting
out in the open soil, which will encourage a
quick growth. No plant should have the
pot or tub exposed to the atmosphere many
days, as the roots, from the copstant water
ings they are obliged to receive, are subject
to too great and frequent changes of heat
and cold TO do well. Their pots or tubs
should be plunged into the soil. Ia the case
of tubs, without some protection, the wet
soil Will rot or disfgure the paint. To OBJ
viatc this we generally save the old barrels
flower tub by standing them around it, and
then bank the soil up the slaves. At this
season of the year it is well too, to prepare
some plants trained tree or standard shape,
that is clear stem with heads of various
heights. These will frequently take little
apparent room, as their heads being high up,
many dwarf plants viii stand under them
without injury. We have grown and been
well pleased even with such plants as Sal
Was, Steyias, Chrysanthemums, and similar
plants, treated this way, by training up the
leadcr,an taking off any side shots, until
the height is obtained. Such quick growing
plants, if planted in the open soil, make
stout heads in one summer.
An inch of cindcr ashes should be put un-
der the pots before piunging, which keeps
back the earth worms that would otherwise
get into the pots and interfere with the
drainage.-Edgar Sanders, in Country Gen
tleBan.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28
SARAH GREGG,

eqEer Z. erSy rr-isry cf .s,ydlc. Sf and Fancy Nj
Efa,y-y lOo.f- E0Orls j. ~ MIL store, opEo-
~, tie BrHt ~ Ohdtrd.
EEG call your attention 20 my extensive stock
i Bcnnets and Millinery Goods just received, and
now oreu :or inspection. comprising variety OF
straw six. and Fancy Bonnets Grapes. straw Trim
unx- Band Boxes. &C, &c all oi which have select
ed With the greatest care, hoping please old friends
and customers.
great variety % style DRESS TRIMMINGS, such
a. Friug-- and Fancy BIt;oI=; also. Embroidery and
Mourning Collars Dress Making attended to as usual
Ladies wishing Dress Goods that cannot be obtained IN
Ottawa please call and examine samples and leave
orders Tor IL. same, have made arrangements in
Chicago for receiving kinds Of DT-ss Goods, the
trade requires.
Trrsitg in the superior advantages possess hope TO
receive early call for Spring FASHIONS from my old cus
TONER'S and solicit the patronage Of all Ladies Will ,nd
me in attendance between the hours of A. NJ and >
z. ".
Bleaching and pressing done as usual
Shrouds mad. 10 order upon short notiee
April 3. sahhh "i.h"'-
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28
Salt.


Although salt forms part of the dai y
food Of nearly the whole of the human race,
yet few have any idea Of its composition.
Salt is a compound of two substances, a
metal and gaseous body The metal is call
ed sodium, ana the gas chlorine and as
chemists always endeavor to use such terms
as they think will convey clear idea Of the
things they describe, salt in chemical lam
guage is termed "chloride of sodium" -"
The ocean which flows to every part of the
earth affords its inhabitants an ineXhaustble
supply Of salt and lest it might be thought
that nature had not in this respect been suf-
iiciently bountiful, she supplies salt from
the bowels Of the earth" We have salt
mines yielding crock SALT and salt springs
which, in many instances, are far away from
the ocean, such as those at Syracuse, \. Y,
In America. The salt mines in Catalonia
in Hungary, and Poland are Of an enormous
extent. \ salt mine at Wil:sca, near Cra-
COW, in Poland, has been worked for more
than six hundred years. Within it is found
kind OF subterraneous republic, which has
its polity, laws, families, &c. When trve-
Ter has arrived at the bottom of this strange
abyss he is surprised at the long series of
lofty vaults sustained with pliers Of rock
salt, and which appear by the light of the
hambeaux 10 be so many cry stas Of precious
stones. The most remarkable property Of
salt Is its solubility in water, hence il is sup
posed that the sea washing over beds Of
strata Of salt has in consequence become
saline, as We now find il. The use Of salt
with food is obvious from an analysis of the
blood and the gastric juce. With the add;-
tion of water, and under certain influences,
salt changes its composition. Water being
composed of hydrogen and oxygen, the
change III salt which takes place by means
Of the vital force produces soda for the blsod
and hydrochloric acid for the stomach AS
soda is invariably found in the blood, and
hydrochlOric acid in the stomach and as
the blood and the stomach play their part
correctly enough i'll our daily life, we can
come to no other conclusion than that salt,
which supplies these materials, is absolutely
necessary 10 our well being. Salt is not on
ly useful to man in its primitive condition,
but as il affords soda, its value is manifestiy
increased The manufacture Of soda from
salt in England is one of the most import
ant of our arts, for without soda no hard
soaps could be produced; and for thou
sand other things We are 4 debtor to Salt i
Co. Besides the soda there is the chlorine.
The great supremacy Of the Manchester
cotton mills in supplying the wide world
with fabrics, is owing not only TO the appli-
cation Of mechanics 10 machinery, but also
TO the multiiarious uses of chlorine derived
from Common salt. SEr-IMus PiEsSE-
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28
A sailor was called upon the stand as a

A sailor was called upon the stand as a
witness.
"Well, sir" said the lawyer' do you
al don't know the drift of them words"
answered the sailor.
"what, not know the meaning Of plain
tiff and defendant?" continued the LAWYER
ga pretty fellow you come here o witness
Can you tell me where On board the ship it
was that this man struck tho other one 81
.'Abaft the binnacle," said the sailor.
"Abaft the binpacle," said the lawyer,
"what do you mean by that?"
"a pretty fellow" responded the sailor,
"to come here as lawyer and don't know
what abaft Of of the binnacle means"
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28

Coop AND BAD SIGSs.-It's good sign to
see a man doing an act Of charity to his fcl.
lows. It's bad sign to hear him boasting
of it. It's good sign to see the color Of
health in mans face. It's q bad sign to
see it all concentrated in his nose. It's .
eood-sign to see an honest man wearing old
clothes. It's bad sign to see them filing
holes in his windows. It's good sign to
see a woman dressed with taste and neat
ness. It's a bad sign to see her husband
sued for her feathers and foolery, gems and
iewelry.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28

A lieutenant in the service by the name of
Broom, was advanced to captaincy, and na-
turally enough liked to hear himself address
ed as Capt. Broom. One of his friends per-
sisted in calling him plain Broom. much to
his annoyance and one day having done SO
for the fortieth time Broom said:
"You will remember, sir, that l have a
handle to my name"
"Ah." said his tormentor. $50 you have,
we'll Broom handle, how are you:'
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28

Much fun seems to have been created in
the English papers by the mishaps Of the
grand naval review, such as two judges ha-
wing to work at caPstan-a Bishop that
did not or more probably would not go
home till morning.-and last but not least,
as the poet says, the prophetic anticipation
Of Lord Palmerston's fate, by being taken
into custody by q policeman for trying to
get on board without paying; it. appears
that Palmerston, that enlightened official,
not being in the habit of attending Lady
P-s sOirees, said oh, you cannot
CANNON me. know yer. Yer one Of the
swell mob!"
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28

-Dobbs was dying, and bis wife who had
led him terrible life, was afraid that he
would either cut her off with shilling, or
prevent her marrying again; she was young,
handsome, if she was Tartar. But Dobbs
left her all his money on condition of her
marrying again, for them" said he, II
shall be certain that somebody else shall be
as wretched as I've been.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28
WILLIAM CoNNELLY

Clothing EstdbiishD,eht-Noyh side cf Court House.
ID ESPECTFULLY informs the citizens of Ottawa and
II the public ia general that he has removed his Tailor
ing Establishment and Clothing Store next door to H. F.
Eames Exchange Office north side of the Court House,
where he will be happy to wait on his old, and new
TONERS He keeps hand large assortment of Cloths,
Cassmeres and vestngs. Also, large assortment OF
Ready Made Clothing, of his manufacture. Also,
general OF Furnishing Goods from the top Of
the head the sole Of the foot. All kinds OF Garments
made up In the by the best Of workmen.
Cutting done usual, and warranted to fit il properly
made Ottawa, Dec. -.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28

The Bishop of Oxford has sent round TO
the church. wardens in his diocese circular
making certain inquiries, among which was
/" Does the officiating clergyman preach the
gospel, and are his conversation and carriage
Consistent Herewith" A chureh.warden
near Wsllingford, replied, be breaches
the gospel, but only keeps gig
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28

SHARPE's RIPLEs FOR ENGLAND-The Brit
ish Government, it is said, lately made large
contracts for Sharpe's rifles with some OF
our manufacturers, and the manufacture Of
them by American mechanics at Edgefield,
England, is now being carried on under q
tremendous press ofsteam, to supply the
army as soon as possible.
The Ottawa free trader. [volume] (Ottawa, Ill.) 1843-1916, 1856-06-28

HALF VoTERs-There has been much
speculation as to the meaning of the half
voters recorded in the proceedings Of the
Cincinnati Convention. The Buffalo Com
mercial Advertiser explains the matter as
follows:
eve pesume this apparently queer re-
suit was arrived at in this wise: Under the
rule upon which the Convention was consti-
tuted every State had twice as many dele
gates as it was entitled to cast votes. New
York, for instance, having thirty-iive votes
in her electoral college, was represented by
seventy delegates in the Convention-thirty-
five Softs and the same number Of Hards.
Every delegate in the Convention was there
fore entitled to half vote and no more
When an individual delegate differed from
his colleagues and desired to manifest MS IN
dependence in the most signal manner he
voted alone, or in opposition to majority
of them. and his vote was designated by the
fignre J."