The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-01-22
LIS Social, Political and Industrial
Organization.
Its Financial, Commercial and Agricul-
tural Resources.
DTS NAVAL AND MILITARY STRENGTH.
BOTH SIDES or A vEXED QUESTION.
&C., &C.,

European Powers Arrayed The, difficulty of
yvfDg At the truth in the statements which reach
through the medium OF the English and French Journals
has induced to take the trouble Of transtng most Of
~ suhoned matter from less accessible sources We
tAis for the simple that being daily called upon
- Judge OF Russian habits and institutions tes
nony Of writer's who have interest IL disortng facts
We, who are influenced by such considerations
bound IN fairness to hear what the Russians themselves
have to say the subject The views presented below
v, in all probability lead many to greatly modify, If
Aey do not altogether change the opinions which they
had previously formed
ECONOMICAL AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF THE
RUSSIAN PEoPLE-rHE ARTELL, OR LABOR Asso-
CITATION
[From the Brussels paper, lie Nord Dec. IL
We pity the man who is misled at certain age; we
lament to nation offer the same spectacle History
however, shows too many examples OF those
N the life Of ATOMS. We them forsakng the
INV Of their interests, prec pitstng themselves against
each other with fury without rejecting that the
b3ows which they exchange equally prejadcial 70
both. Strange infatuaon Of the leaders and the
followed is by repentance and fruitless regrets
How many unfortunate wars and how many deceived
hopes does the history Of nations present TO Lyen
aeI having acknowledged the faults committed by their
ancestors, the generations ready 70 yield
Ia moment of fatal oblivion TO the and do
Mt in their reckessness perceive the obstacles and the
dangers against which they blindly run, and which
have proved stumbling blocks and OF trouble 10
their forefathers.
What the that the causes, en-
failing tie results periodically repeated To
this question the philosophy of history rspes-gno
1t is in fact the want of knowledge which urges
nations into collision with each other it is it which al
lows falsehood to ncite their hatred and to animate
their passions 1t Il it which rvets their chains and
their revenge How many enmites and rivariss ongs
citizens extinguishe6 by intimate and correct
knovlege of their mutual qualities their mperie:tions
sheir interests and their wants nations knew elch
ether better would be impossible That under the
weight of which groan at present has oher
Proud Of their civilization and their history two West
nations have rushed into collision with the Russian
ration because they have but imperfect acquaintance
with the latter and furthermore because their
are yet fully identified with theirs Ignorant of the
rests they might find in this nstion-wth reflect
ing the blows which they about fuict up il
light not at future day react upon themselves and
Mat in to exhaust the OF its welfare they
night endanger their prospective interests they al
lowed themselves 10 be drawn into this war merely be-
they in Russia force sometimes inert, like
that OF uncultivatea matter-sometimes preudicia
destruction itsea power consequently purely negative
The history and domestic life Of this country prove how
ever, the contrary.
According to their enemies the Russians have always
BEEN the passive tools Of political desposm and religion
intolerance while BILE testify
10 the contrary. They accuse in short the Russians Of
wanting civilization political instiu Ions and mral
uevelopeent and yet progress Russia in science
literature and arts well its domestic and national
organization. also attest the contrary Il il that
Is not sufficient 10 listen to ignorant ioests be
WINGED Of il. 1t IL study this
close point of view to oh into its character its ORR
gin its manners its customs It's institutions 70
Tor the the Russians nave received from
nal cesn1 ,ences which have outraged their ma
ture and darkened their atmosphere. IN word it is
necessary 70 pTesA up the gfound, az the foo;
o. this national tree, said to De without sap and
le in order to discover the roots which attach
the soil and TO Judge the fluits which IS de lined
70 bear II is only then that we should have right t.
accuse Russia. We doubt, nevertheless, if
animation would result in for IL mus be ackaow
Iedged that many things which impress uufavoraely the
foreign observer and which the Russians themselves
the first crtcise and condemn impaired them
by Western nations which at the time that Russia
still in her youth nhamed with ardent love FOR
them although they now repudate the results Of their
common ault.
might lead too far. What is there in racrmiaat
Bgy Why 90 back to former grievances which will not
Be again repeated and of time and truth alone
repair the wrongsY To the Western nations would
be more euitable towards Russia and to The latter
make yourself bet er known.
Consistent with ourselves and true to promises,
sa,ion under a light stu unfamiliar TO them, aud
which presents nevertheless, the secret OF its ma
sonal power and its propensity towards ideas which,
are still and will be- in the eyes OF the Western
nations idle theories pregnant with storms and resou
tons We propose 10 speak of the economical orSanza-
ton OF the Russian people this organization, which II
TO Itself is eminently adapted TO its character t-
wants and it customs. We leave it TO those who have
some notions Of political economy to Judge if this
sanitation which out of The good sense OF the
eeope which has lasted for turtles and has resisted
the most terrible trials deserves 10 fix their attention
and to be studied in social point Of view
Gifted by nature with qualities which distinguish the
notions of Sclave orien from other brought ia
IL, midst difficulties and amidst the rigors Of ooe Of
TIE toughest climates in the world surrounded by hos
tile populations the Russian nation is necessarily com
PEELED to value labor at an early age, and % pacs re
ance only itself To this Scave origin a. VET - the
relative poverty of the soil and the length % me lead
season that have 10 account r the facility
with which the Russian learns professions ana
trades often the most dissinilar Every Russisn
peasant s in fact, husbandman and at the
same tine tradesman and mechanic y
only through the diversity Of his labors that he finds
means to suppy his wants But what Is s,ul more wpr
thy of remark than this aptitude the principle which
has always in slave Russian society governed the astri
button of labor and the assessment " ne proau ~
30 be found the necessity Of all the Scave tribes uniting
their strength in order TO fght their numerous and fierce
ASSISTANTS and the difficulties OF sterile SOFT
In fact history shows The old Sclave tribes united in
great association and We find again the same pan
cple only in the formation Of The tribe and the FAINT
~ but in the and the wants Of the individual
That principle has been the keystone OF Russian nation
shiy in political pontof view II is 70 i that the Rus
slams owed their ability to repuse ana subsequently
conquer the hostile tribes by which they surrounded
and to form what is called Great Russia-that is TO
say the centre the heart 81 the Russian nation;
IL is in fact owing 10 hat principle that Russia
did not become Tartar and afterwards Polsh ana 70
a. also does il owe its successful resistance OF
every invasion which since that time, has threatened its
inder Evidence In morsl point Of view, this principle
has not been less fruitful Of happy reeults. Surrounded
by nations and tribes Of the most different creeia pa
eiples and usages tie Russian nation to II its being
able 10 maintain until now, its faith, its belief its pnn
cipIes its morals and s customs 1t remains for us to
peint out the came benefits in social and economical
sense.
is incontessby TO this vvifying principle that Rus
sia owes the fact that does net know and what
has not to fear for the future either proearanism or
papperism-those two scourges of modern society And
that nation appears at first 10 be liable to those
evils than Russia from ungenerous soil deleterous
infuences and bardships Of all hndss That principle in
sharing the products Of labor in just proportion has
wealth. and at the came time Of sparing individual
strength. And Is doubtless in that equitable sssess
nent d labor that fnd the explanation OF the com
pete absence In Russia Of all those lame and manned IN
dfvidual Of these puny, hnguid and pale faces winch
are in other countries whore an unfortunate
mechanic often obliged 70 do the work OF ten men,
In order to support his large family The robust and
handsome frame and the healthy and manly look OF the
Russian peasant have oen and Justly astonished foreign
txayeIera