The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-05-11
Railways and Canals OF Canada.

reorganization Of the Italian States.
Railways and Canals or Canada.
Considering that it has . population of onl.
three millions, scattered from Labrador Il
Lake Superior, over domain of upwards O
one hundred and sixty million acres Of lane
Canada has exhibited commendable enter
prize in the prosecution of internal improve
ments Her canals, rendering it possible fol
lake vessels to proceed to sea via the st. Law
renee without transhipment Of cargo, have
thus far proved far greater convenience te
her neighbors than of profit to herself. Her
Grand Trunk scheme Of railways, badly con-
ceiyed, in direct competition with great water
route, and miserably managed by the English
contractors, who were ignorant alike of the
country, its soil, its climate and its population
we have had occasion to remark upon, and tc
speak of it's probable future value to the Pro
vince, on various occasions 1t is not our in
tention to consider either of these branches
more infinitely in the present article. Wepro-
pose merely to glance at the rapid growth Of
the trade of Canada with the United States
dEO III Tic S6tlmhtlOA VI It's lutuIC value W
notice some new railway improvements which
are just being brought before the Canadian
Parliament
In 1851 our trade with Canada amounted in
the aggregate to less that Sl3,OOO0Oo, about
100000 of which were exports and 100000
were imports. In 1855, under the influence of
the reciprocity measures, this trade had in
creased to about S3l, 900 900, the balance still
being largely in our favor. With these facts
before us, we can, of course, no longer view
with Indifference any enterprises which may be
projected in Canada with view to the develope.
ment Of trade. In all her finished improvements
thus far, just to the extent that their direction
has tended to connection with the system Of
internal improvements on this side the line,
have they been successful, and where there
has been a contrary tendency they have
proved losing speculations to the par
lies owning them. This fact is seen
and ackno wledged by the leading statesmen
Of Canada, and hence we see such men as the
Hon. John Young, of Montreal, advocating
the construction of the Caughnewaga Canal,
connecting the ST. Lawrence with Lake
Champlain. He knows that the only method of
obtaining the business of the West for Mont
real is to attract it to that point by Offering a
cheap route to New York, and, having in-
duced it to pass near their doors, to detain
what they can Of it. The enlargement of the
locks Of the Welland Canal, and the construc.
ton Of the Caughnewaga, would permit the
Ior~ 1,1-n - ~ 1Ann
breaking bulk. The enlargement Of our
Champlain Canal, which would speedily fol-
low such ar event, would insure the passage
of lake propellers from the Superior mines
and all the lake ports, to New York, to dis
charge at our docks The voyage could al.o
be made in two to five days less time tn an via
the State canals from Buffalo and Oswego.
1t will have been observed by our tele-
graphic advices from Toronto that new line
is talked Of connecting Georgian Bay with
Montreal and Quebec, via the valleys Of the
Ottawa and st. Lawrence rivers, but adhering
to the northern shore of the latter river. We
have observed with interest the management
of the Canadian crown lands, by the present
able Commissioner, the Hon. Joseph Cauchon,
who is stated to be the originator of the pre-
sent project. He has adopted, as far as posi-.
BILE in Canada, the land system of this couu-
try, and has ordered such surveys as were
necessary to bring the crown lands into notice,
with the hope and intention of attracting emf
grafton. But he has probably ascertained
that, however good Canada lands may
be- and some OF them are of the
highest value-they cannot without the
same means Of INSTRUMENTATION, CON.
pete with our Western lands in the eye of the
emigrant. We suppose it is for this reason
that he has determined to recommend the
charter Of the above lines Of road with the
grant of three millions acres of lands in aid of
thsir construction. And Why not? Has no.
this plan succeeded in central Illinois, in SET
ling q country which would have been avoid
ed by the emigrant during the next ten years.
in the absence Of such road as the Central?
And besides, the road, if prudently managed,
promises to pay. If we apply the test of d.
rection to Mr.. Cauchon's project, it will pay.
at least as far as Montreal; and when we con-
slider the great difference in its favor in length
from Montreal to Quebec, as compared with
the Grand Trunk line on the southern side.
there is but little reason to suppose that this
portion Of it will not pay also. L. will con-
meet the two largest cities in Canada, counting
together over 100000 Inhabitants, by line
only one hundred and ifty-siy miles ia length.
The remainder of the line from Montreal via
the Ottawa valley, passing through Bytown,
Ottawa city, Amprior and Pembroke to Geor.
gian Bay, ia in almost direct line to Lake Su-
perior. and being only three hundred miles in
length, through magnificent yalley-ono OF
the best and most productive timber regionsin
The woTld-it will offer By far the shortest and
stspeedy route Of travel from New York to
Lake Superior and Minnesota.
Mr.. Cauchon is right about tbi; matter. IT