The daily union., 1856-12-30

nexions 70 push him forward or who would do it, They
rested simply upon this principle II 50 much has been
done u i've months how long will II take TO obtain ma
ety Of the whoel This s 70 be accounted for
not by atrbung 10 us any narrow, sectional desire TO
interfere with the condition Of the domestic institutions OF
the southern States. They Lave their own institutions,
shaped by themselves, conducted by themseyesi they
be repealed by themselves, cherished and reg
ulaed az they please The republican party Is based
upon a principle, as i have said, old as our gov
ernment, old as the rights Of man. This organization
s nothing but attempt TO resssert and carry for
prosecuted by united effort and united voice for half
century In short 1t Is endeayor to head OF aud pre-
vent II please the extension of slavery into free Terri
tories element of power for the saveholdng States
have endeayored TO give my view Of the origin and
progress OF this topic of difficulty. shall not go at this
time into particulars In relation TO the manner in which
the second act Of aggression that have mentioned was
accomplished. Time will not permit TO do So but per-
haps ought in justice, before sit down. TO pay aten-
on TO some OF those little topics which consider have
been made rather byplayattemps as think 10 divert
public attention from the true issueto lead IL off with
political riddles and political catchwords for effect The
first Is the topic of political sovereignty What is true
popular Sovereignty take II 10 be the exercise Of
power by the people, the representatives Of that
people who the country which the sovereign
~ is exercised 1t is popular sovereignty for the peo
Pile OF Virginia TO make their laws regulate their
institutions within their State through their repre-
senaves Now whom do the Territories OF the United
States belongP Here do not wish be entangd with
the catch upon the word teritory used in the cons
tuition sensible that "territory" has general and
political meaning "The territory of the United States"
jurisdiction of the United States government that does
fall within the jurisdiction OF particular State All that
is out OF the jurisdiction of particular States is within the
jurisdiction of the general government belongs to the
country 1t belongs the whole country. Ii is not
that any State State has anything do with it,
that any citizen OF the United States has any rights there
more less because he belongs another State
The people Of the United States the territory, and It's
whole Jurisdiction is in Congress 1t is by the very
terms Of the cession. 1t is by the very nature of things
If they had not jurisdiction of it there would be no uris
diction over it.
Some gentlemen tell that in the clause ef the cons
tuition giving Congress power to make all needul rules
and regulations concerning territory other property be-
longing to the United States the word errory"
land and therefore they say il nothing else. That
argument will not do 1t is true, The United States
the land and this provision of the constitution the
and disposal of the lands but it is that there
fore nothing else The Territories which the United
States own they have the jurisdiction of and eminent do
main over They have always exercised this power An
other Specification is that "Terrto W organized
municipal corporation created by act of Congress
as State creates municipal corporation for city, town.
borough You talk of the Territory of Minnesota the
Territory OF kansaswhat t2 1t is but part and parcel
OF the United States territ ry and the creation which it
has, distinct identity and individuality different from
the rest altogether the of act Of Congress-
entirely subject to their control to be changed modified
or repealed whenever they please The manner in which
The sovereignty Of the United States to be csed
the Territories of the United States altogether
ter OF their own discretion They might create
territorial government for any part OF il but might make
laws for ii themselves When they did these
poratons the notion that there any inherent right
in the woods, for most of it forest inhabited
by savages or anybody who might go there perfectly
ideal.
The exercise of true popular sovereignty over a Terri
tory is the exercise OF sovereign power by Congress for the
people Of the United States who the Territory. That
is the popular sovereignty which they only had but
exercised for fifty years During that period the idea did
not gain foothold that sovereignty should be granted
the people who might go 10 Territory how many, how
few at what time lfhey have rights why do you
let them elect or appoint their and judges
Why do you not let them direct all their institutions If
there right there, by what authority did Congress
create government such have already described for
Louisiana without the intervention of any OF its peo
pie al all And yet it Inhabited country there
was very large body OF inhabitants there but Congress
the least possible participation. Such is popular
eighty in its true sense and proper Application according
" re meaning which has ben given to it by the coempo
rucuon ,e men who had IT. and the peo-
pie who exercised II, for half century.
1t is further TO be observed that this matter Of slavery is
matter Of great national interest and concern entirely
improper TO be made TOPIC disturbance and controversy
in the several Territories which may be formed and de-
cded in different ways by mere local legislation. This was
ever viewed until 1854 and the experiment now or
foot in Kansas Is sad commentary on this new doctrine
and experiment of the definition Of popular soy
sreigny.
There another topic Of remsrk on this subject II
SAID that If you prohibit slavery in the Territories Of the
United states the inhabitants of the saveholdng States
cannot 60 there-w not go there-and that they have
the same right to there that body else has 1t is
said they ought to have the right carry their property
there Every man. II is said has the right or there Is
entire freedom OF In the United Sates carry
his property from State another Put that propo
son TO the people of the United Sates and every
Of them would tell you AYES, II is true; and law
be made prevent ith Under what clause Of the
suion Ia that right claimed II is which provides
that the citizens of each State shall be entitled all priv
ieges and immunites Of citizens In the several States
w bat rights those7 citizen Of State when in
another State has the same right the and exercise OF
his power there that the people living have What
rgn s neope living there have Is regulated by the
eregny Of the county Just SO 1t is in relation to the
Territories. You have right TO 60 there. We
grant IL. Then, You say you have right TO take your
property there That depends upon the action OF the sov
eeigny Of the country They have right 10 make their
relation It's police Now, II any State or If the sover
eighty of Congress the Territories makes laws which
forbid the carrying any particular kind Of property there
II be taken there. will not repeat argument
that point IL has been argued many times that such
task unnecessary. will only say that in this respect
agree with the argument OF the senator from Michigan
mr. CAss IL believe he has varied bis opinion
this subject-and the from illinois, Mr.. DOUGLAS
who so large participation in the repeal OF the Mis-
souri, Compromise.
1t has been said that the people Of the slave States will
not into free territory IL they slaves with
them and therefore that prohibition depryes them OF the
privilege of settling IL That is because they have
all the rights of Others. But further deny altogether
and deny II from history that they will not 20 there
say they will go there. II will be remembered, from
the quotations have made from the debates Of the Vir
gns house of delegates that those gentlemen their
free white population, who degraded by labor In
slayeholdng country, fleeing TO other communities
congenia their taste and where they will not lose
position by That is not all. have more authority
than that had the curiosity in relation to good old
"moher Of States Virginathe finest specimen, probably
good Of the saveholdng Of the United