The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-01-28

had been gs cd slowly and by deg esgiaeieg with
those carried ., RanDy nede Snsa he boos oress the
nuhie vssi practically triunphsd later shsn Cromwell
smc,e vi his the King and the Barons thorn
seves The .heeh Of those two principles which, vih
IA lasted during peiod centuries ,entrAted
ia the Spanish American republics into the short space of
isw years. The revolution is sn working; the rights
OF not yet vnaicxted the triumph republican
i'm not yet Obtained and the fan Of sos iasm not yet
eomrsred tits that the efforts Of the liberals have
not ssays bean directed BY wisdom, for BY falling into
the Of their adversares they have retarded
impeced heir 1t is also certain thai they
had to rather upon the sentiments than upon the
the ssop sns nssns 81 .n tSs sne own
cause, and winch they have been the first TO deplore
But not TO them that belongs the sanguusry odiu%
CT this struggle. The services have marked their whole
BY the strocious cruelty; never did they
show the least ole ance generosity or cemeney on me
Of bra,sssy and Ss,bsrsn in Al, struggles IN Which
they have been implicated.
not my purpose 70 enter INTO the &c %
ton from spain Of that OF Mexico and the other
States all Of which the Aeveopensut Of this principles
ners lilies. Sometlmes I may have occasion 70 make
by way Of astrstion TO the s0eoesses OF The
empire rnder Itul Sde with wioee disappeared
Yer the monarohical syetem On tAe Nefm AmercAa CON
tinent
CHAPTER II.
THE REVOLUTION IN CENTRAL NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
BETwEES THE REPUBLICANS AND kcEARcHIsTS-
TRIUMPH OF TAE REPUBL sC-lS2l TO 1871
Nov here in Spanish America the abuses of the
yranncs coloI ia system Of Spain evident than In
Central America, during the epoch Of the captains
general royalty Of Guatemala It's jesous policy
excluded the people Of that vast region from any o,m-
municaton whatever with the rest Of the world.
Foreigners vigorously kept away from its oossts
and Immigration permitted, not even rom Spain
cept the everest restrictions. The power OF the
mother ccuasry systematically Augmented and the
hy
al possible. The officers enjoyed the most
extended prerogatives and entrusted with unimit
ed powers Of which they generally made only for
promotion Of their Individual interests and personal
sgerandist ment. With tie people they had symps
,hiss at ALI their league was with the rich and power
ul clergy whose hands lay that eetIiole instrument
ii opprsssion--nqusl.i,n United, they we're ALSO
lutte irresistible The conquered Abcriglnes had be-
lands Without ANY alton and paying ior
what they EXCLUDED from. These unhappy men
not allowed to mount Their own horses; they
were even whipped for remaining covered before tner
oppressors.
have already indicated Of the whi,h led
TO he overthrow this order Of things In year
1915 the frat outbreak of dis abstraction took
place in Leon, in Nicaragua. To this city belongs
to the GSe1a sentiments in Central Amesica Although
this movement was suppressed neverheiess II has ex-
cited the public spirit and directed 1t into the revou
tionsry channel, convincing, at the same time, the
government officers that separation from Spain was ia-
miDent and unavoidable. Ihave already indicated the
teress they thought convert the popular elements
their purposes, and made opposition whatever 70
we've effected On the isth sse.smbsr ISL when tho pso.
pie Of The city Of and the representatives OF
the republic generally assembled IN the hall OF AUDIENCE
And proclaimed the Independence q the country The
change not sapguinary, although decisive. Those
VINO either by sympathy or positon we're the most cent
mep to the plans OF those who looked to indepen
deDoe q means of sezing upon power themselves.
They quietly left the country ana vent either TO Cuba or
vuJIhO h4i mn only
services liberals From that epoch dates the dssen
sions and the struggles between the two antagontc
principles Of which these two parties were the rspresen
fatiyes.
There il doubt but that the servile party of Cen
trail America thought seriously of establishing ROYALTY
or Independent monarchy, comprising the provinces
which had belonged to the late vice. kingdom Of Guate
rpaa. But the provincial Junta immediately assembled
&er its separation tor the greatest part composed
Of liberals Who in spite of the efforts Of the services,
which surprised and half parayzed took the oath
of absolute nce ,endence and convoked constituent
national assembly in order organize the country upon
the basic OF republican institutions This discouraged
and put down the services dpeed illusions of
their dreams They we're left an mpotent minority,
and the people whom tn had despsed and hoped easily
| 70 control hse already recovered their rights
They bebed The Essefbled national congress, and
in the Of the republic not only the ruin of
hopes their privileges and powers but of
whatever hey lad previously been in possession o. I'm
der such they saw with the greatest salts
fac ion the re establishment OF the empire in Mexico ;
puos opinion sbev "sre determined to pve up bart Of
their objects TO the other From that time
they conceived The idea Of incorporating Central America
with the Mexican empire and they asked for the support
OF the services who in that country in
order to attain that end The proposition attered the
vanity Of Itutise titles and decorations de-
uaDded promised be orchard. Sure Of this support
they were inspired with fresh ardcr and tried with des
per.te eor produce revolution in the pu oic mind
In the meantime the National Assembly, convoked BY
the Provincial Junta met IN Guaemala the richest and
most popuous city Of the country but TO her dbsrace
the ony which, the residence Of the viceroya
court devoted 20 the interests Of the services This
city and s ia the centre Of servism where all its
plans concocted ard from whence al it's operations
drec ed The Assembly in spite all the efforts Of
the who by pompous promises of imaginary
riches and hap mess under the empire had with partial
success endesvored to seduce the ignorant part of the
people 10 support their plans was composed of great
majority Of liberals Their attempts to corrupt the
jorry having failed they directed their hrst attack
against the popular psrty-the beginning Of that series
OF msfor uDes which have befalen the country and
orourh. 1t to it's ruin. The Assembly was sur
rounded by armed bands and their DELIBERATIONS were
violently interrupted Some Cf its Laost distinguished
osrsi uemoers were asssssinated, and ssrvlism OBJ
tsiped its first triumph in Guatemala by treason, vo
lerce and boodshed.
The people OF Central America being spread vast
country, could no. Immediately to the defence Of
their representatives. Some weeks after this event,
amidst the anxiety of the PRONUNCIATION Of republican
charter The simple population were surprised BY pro
Mexican empire Many were parayzed by terror. Not
~nl bad the principal liberals succumbed but they
cast into he prisons Of Guatemala and to f the
sure OF their disgrace treason introduced into their
own ranks. GairIa, weak but popular citizen, who
had presided ove- the Provincial una seduced by the
promises of the services, and snured by the advantages
he hoped to OBJ ain from tns npis for
his treason, Joined the triumphant faction Confused
masses Of people, stimulated BY gold through the
streets Of Guatemala and the boring towns crying
death against TIE coefs OF the liberal party. and de-
msndng the pfoscripi ion Of all their adherents They
invaded the houses Of the republicans and added murder
20 violence and page In order TO rive semblance
of formally this premedi lated IT. jury spuri writ
Of sopvocaion at tie head Of which the traitor ainzs
with ridiculous irony placed, issued This letter
Of ccnvocation mentioned with intentional afectaton
only the Incorporation Of The municipalities and of the
army, without speaking Of he oeopls The fixed
for the resolution i'ed ths. there Just time
ouRh 10 give notice 10 the immediate dependencies OF
GpareDala The army recognized by the usurpes and
coDsttute1 their instrument, ready support
beiz wishes ieE, the risk their iive, he'd the
courage oppose tbs proceeding: bat l. was 70 pe
expected from hs votes Of mercenary army long
since prepared and rom h 81 the Illuminated mn
inequalities who bad teen gained ny fraud, the
qDes decided in favor OF annexation 70 Mexico
and ct The time the correspondent decrse issuei
The force which by icoaion, he'd been solicit
ed nom Mexico, At his time already it, way
nds the ccmyland ~ General F0la In order carry