davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09
THE WEEKLY AMERICAN ORGAN
10 published every Saturday, on the following

gainst the insidious wiles of foreign influence
oonjure you TO believe me, fellowcitizens the jeal
ousy OF free people ought to be constantly awake;
since history and experience prove, that foreign in
ucce Is Of the most banelul foes of republican
government. p Wdshington.
], Il hope we may find some means, In future, of
shielding ourselves from foreign influence political,
commercial in whateyer form it may be attempted
can scarcely withhold myself from joining in the
wish of llss dean q that there ocean Of fire
between this and thu old world, .,"--Jef@saa.
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09

A vote taken on the railroad between Indianap-
oils and Terre Haute, September lst, resulted -
Fillmore 80, Fremont az, Buchanan, Is. One on
the railroad between indianapolis and jefferson
vile, the same day, resulted: Fillmore So, Fremont
70, Buchanan 53.
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09
RESTAURANT and READING ROOMS,
Southeast corner of Il and Seventh streets,
opposite Post Office Department.

FUSHE best of Liquors. Cigars, and Chewing To-
n bacco; strictly choice Oysters, Sea Turtle, Ter
rapin, Fish aud Duck in season; Quail, Woodcock,
Snipe Venison, and Beefsteak, served by an expe-
renced cook and polite servants in pleasant rooms
Private entrance to Reading and Eating Rooms on
and Seventh Streets for those who object to public
bar rooms.
Families supplied with Oysters on chafng-dishes.
Whiskeys, Ales, and other drinks, 9 cents; fine
Brandies, 10 cents. s" .t ~ ".
Leading political and literary periodicals in read
ing rooms. ..
Your patronage is respectfully solicited.
aD 15-..r
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09
THE GREATEST DISCOVERY
OF THE AGEi
w @ @ DIS
HAIR REsTO RATIVE


TUyHIS Astonishing and Unequaied Prepa-
u ration, turns hair back to its original color
after having become gray, and renstates it in all its
original health, lustre. softness, and beauty; re-
moves at once dandruff from the scalp, and all un-
pleasant itching as well as all cutaneous eruptons
such as Scad heads, &C., and hence creates per-
fecty healthy state ofthe scalp, by acting as stmu
antan tonic to the organs necessary to supply color
ing matter to the hair and completely restores them
to their original vigor and strength and thus pre-
vents all tendency to become gray 1t also prevents
the hair from bscoming unhealthy, and falling off,
and brings it out where it is gone by resusctatng
the organs necessary TO supply nutriment, health,
and coloring matter to it. and hence acts perfect
Hair Invigorator and Tonic.
CHARLEsrowN, MASS, Aug. 9, 1855.
GESTLEaKN: Nothing but duty and sympathy
that feel to communicate to others who are afflicted
as have been would induce me to give this public
acknowledgment of the benefit have received from
Prof Woods Hair Restorative. When first COM
menced using it my hair quite gray and in spots
entirely bald have now used the Restorative about
FIVE months, and my bair is entirely changed to its
original color, brown and the hair is over three
inches in length on the spots where il was bald /
have also been much gratifed at the healthy mois-
ture and vgor of the hair which, before was dry and
it has ceased to come out as formerly.
Respectfully yours, &c,
WATERFORD 1854
Prof o. J. WooD: With confidence can recon-
mend your Hair Restorative as being the most efica-
cious article | ever saw. | have used the Wahpene
and many other preparations of the day all to no ef
feet. Since using your Hair Restorative my hair
and whiskers, which were almost white, have eradu-
ally grown dark and now feel confident that few
applications will restore them to their natural
color. II also has relieved me of all dandruff and
unpleasant itching, so common among persons who
perspire freely. j. .G. KJLBY.
Address o. J. WOOD a co, s1e Broadway. N. Y.
and Id Market street, st. Louis, Mo. s.,
For sale in Washington, by CHARLES STOTT
CO., and by all Druggists. jan S-tf
Auk FOR SALE, a two-story brick House
El2 and Store, containing thirteen room, situated
on King, between Fayette and Henry Streets Aeran-
dria Virginia. M
Also for sale, or exchange for country pro ,erty.
q number Of other houses and lots situated In lex
andria, Virginia ct 4l
For terms apply to Fl. o. CLAUGHTON,
Alexandria, Virginia,
or DR. L. LLOYD,
fsb 14-9svd Washington City. ID. O
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09
VOL. II.---NO. 255.
VESPASIAN ELLIS,
Proprietor.
THE DAILY AMERICAN ORGAN

THE DAILY AMERICAN ORGAN
Is published every afternoon, (except Sunday at
the corner Of Louisiana and Tenth street. and
ID delivered to city subscribers payable to the
riers) at 10 cents per week. Single copy, cent.
Mail subscribers, &8 90 per annum, or 81 90 for
sax months, always In advance. .a
.G#l.-t +3.a MATES or ADV ERTIBIHa.
Five lines or less one insertion, 26 cents each adj
dinonal line, cents.
Each additional insertion, half OF the above rates
Displayed advertisements charged solid MEASURE
THE WEEKLY AMERICAN ORGAN
Il published every Saturday, on the following
Terms.
i copy, one year. III so ] copy, months 81 90
. copies, ono year. 8 90 copies, s months..6 IS 90
10 copies, one yrar .16 90 10 COPIES months..s 90
~ Payments always in advance l
RATS or ADvERrrNHG. s.b
X - Ten osrts pc lins tor each insertion
kw All co1munications on bust less connected
With this paper must be direeteo TO the A1s<yicqn
Organ," Washington city, and be postpaid
EW All advertisements for the Organ" should
bs handed into the Office before twelve O'Clock NJ, of
the day Of publication
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09

Mr.. BRowNsoNs ASrIPArHIEs.---The following
story has been current in Boston for many years
as illustrative of the strength of Mr.. o. A. Brown.
sons personal antpathies:
During great pressure in the money market.
some eighteen years ago, Mr.. b. had occasion to
consult some brokers in regard to some negotia-
tion, and was astonshed at the terms demanded.
Some weeks afterwards he discovered the Shylocks
in the hall where he officiated on Sunday. In his
discourse he was intoxicating the necessity of car
rying religion into all departments of life, and
practising it every day in the week Religion, he
said should not be considered sloak of sanctity,
to be put on every Sunday morning and put off on
the Monday. 1t should be carried into your in
surance Offices, into your banks, into your mer-
chanta counting rooms, into your brokers' offices"
then glaring through his spectaclcs at the two
brokers' he thrilled the whole assembly by ex-
claiming Religion in BRoKER's oFFIcEl-reli-
gion in He'll n
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09
MATRIMONIAL.

DROPOsALs will be received during ,,s
j the present month by prepossessing gentle
man with an estate for Wife of pious education,
with rneaus--say equal " half his estate. Address
American Organ, W. x :, f, - a..
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09
FOR SALE OR RENT.
TuyWO NEW THREE-STORf BRICK

Houses, with cellars, on 18th street, between Q
and ID streets one square south Of Pennsyvania sv-
enue, containing ten rooms and cellar Will be sold
on accommodating terms, or ren.eo 70 gooa tenants
Annlv 10 JAMES w. BARKER,
H street, between nth and 18th,
auO I-eodtf next TO the Lutheran Church,
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09

Fillmore 81
Buchanan 19
Fremont 8
The meeting was addressed by Lincoln and
Bromwel.- Charleston (IH) Democrat.
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09
II REsTAURANT AND RE AIDING
.HE ROOMS.

HAVING just opened at No. $50, Penn
IL sylvania avenue ne ar the foot of Capitol Hill,
a new Restaurant, am prepared TO furnish refresh
ments in the most recherche style. The Bar is sup
piled with the best Liquors; and to see one of my
juleps is refreshing but to asteitdon't mention it,
AS to food, Oysters and Game of all kinds in sea-
son will always be hand prepared to suit the tastes
of the most fastidious.
Cigars and Tobacco of the best brands, as well as
Pipes, so exhileratng after a julep.
A Reading Room, with the latest papers, will fur
nish the current news. .... ...
Long experience in the business encourages me to
promise general satisfaction to my friends and all
who may favor me with a call
up 29-2m R. NJ A. FENWICK.
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09

At Fremont meeting week or two ago In this
county, ballot was taken with the following re-
suit:
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09
WHITE-H OUsE PAVILLION
n .aa ##ht ON THE POTOMAC

w Ii E- II ~ . II "A IL Ia Il oN
t ON THE POTOMAC.
WyHE undersigned have opened for the
IL season this delightful and fashionable resort
for the accommodation of the public and parties
wishing to visit this most agreeable retreat, where
they be furnished on the most liberal terms with
all the luxures of the season. and with the best
freshments of all kinds both at the Pavilion and on
board the boat .
Parties having their own caterer can have the rise
of the dining and ball rooms for fifteen dollars for
the occasion. ..... ..a
VIM. COKE & CO., *
a"a| a." National Eating House,
u.. a Cor 9th steeet and Penn. avenue,
ap 23-3m Washington, ID. @.
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09

Address o. J. WOOD 4 co, s16 Broadway, N. Y,
and Id Market street st. Louis, Mo- N
For sale in Washington, by CHARLES SToTT
CO., and by all Druggists. jan 8-tf
Daily American organ. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1856, 1856-09-09

Married Persons, or young men contemplating
marriage, being aware ofphyscal weakness, organi
DIR. j., and be restored to perfect health.
He who places himself under the care of DR.
johnson, may religiously confde in his honor as
gentleman and confidently rely upon his skill as
Dhyaician
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1856-02-19
miscellaneous.
PATENT AGENCY
NOD Ell MANU- Glory
No. 2o7 MAIN ST., Cup stairs) WORCESTER.
PATENTs PROCURED.

r By JAS. q. ARNOLD, Worcester, Mass,
A PRACTICAL 8iECHANIO &DRAFrsMAN
Wei acquainted with the Patent Laws and proceedings
in the Patent odice;
having mace many ul applications Patents,
refer to them as furnishing ample evidence of nv ability
3 and success,
All business confided to me will be promptly attended
u at the owest rates. Casually % per lower than
the wdnld b9 done by others in the pro(essionl
Having connections with one of the best Agents at
Washington and making frequent trips there am ena-
hed keep thoroughly posted in all relating to
Patents and inventions, thus aording the best ac
tiles for preliminary examinations, aud advising In7eus
tors in regard to securing Patent for their Invet tons
Inventors will fnd to their advantageto put their in
ventions into substantial form Model prac-
cahIe (ths frequently Patent in Of ques
on Of priority of inventonN and consult reliable
person acquainted with the Patent Laws and proceedings
n the PatentOaice. as to securing ttefSTghts.
All communications strictly conhde tial Advice as to
mode of proceeding given gratis. Preliminary ex4u1na
tons made, comparing inventions with those already pa
ned or in use for the purpose, involving the
same principles, and advice given the probability Of
obtaining patent in some cases saving from fifty to one
hundred dollars to the Inventor
MOD ELS of all Inventions that require them, made
to order upon reasonable and warranted
the acquisitions Of the Patent Office.
Deeds of assignments recorded at WAshir gton Copies
OF Drawings Specifications and other papers in the Pa
tent Office obtained copy Of the claims of any nven
ton furnished for rs cen,e
me Patent Laws, Reports of Patent Gases, and other
valuable works relating to Patents together with com
pett list OF all the Patents record at Washington can
oe seen at my Office, free Of charge.
For further information, inquire of
]. g. ARNOLD
Over No. 207 Main St., Worcester.
- an communications strictly confidential.
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1856-02-19
MOORE BOUNTY LANDs,-By the Act

M ORE BOUNTY LANDS,-By the Act
~ Congress, passed March 3,1s55 all Officers, Sea
men, and Soldiers, who have served FOURTEEN DAYS
in any War Of the United States since 775 are entitled to
leo acres Of Land, if they have received it. Those
who have received 40 or 80 acres, entitled 10
ceived l6Oacres not entitled any more The bene
ht Of this act extends to the widow and minor children Of
the soldier but 10 other heirs, Those who have en-
engaged in BATTLE are entitled to 100 acres without
regard to the period Of their service.
Persons having claims under this any other act will
have them promptly attended by calling on or writing
to, a. D. RICHARDSON & CO., II Railroad Exchange,
Court square Boston who pay cash for warrants
N. We have faithful and experienced Agents In
Obtain the land. dendn mcb
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1856-02-19
'AIM's CELEBRATED PANACEA
FOR THE CURE OF
-INCIPIENT CONSUMPTION,


-INCIPIENT CONSUMPTION,
CRoFULA, GENERAL DEBILITY, WHITE SWELL
ING, RHEUMArIsI, DISEASES OF THE LIVER
AND SKIN. AeD ALL DISEASES ARISING
FROM IMPURITIES OF TIRE BLOOD,
AND The EFFEoTS OF MERCURY.
SWAIM'S EAANACEA hae been for more than
thirty years celebrated in this country and in Europe for
its extraordinary cures for the certificates of which refer
euce is made to the directions and books (Which may be
had gratis) accompanying the Panacea.
1t has been used hospitals and private practice and
has had the singular fortune be recommended by the
most ceebrated physicians, and other eminent persons
Among others. by
W. Gibson, Nj. D., Prof of Surgery, Pa University.
Valentine Mott, NJ. D., Prof Of Surgery, N Y. Unity.
W. P. Devices, NJ. D., Prof, Of Mid Pa University.
N. Chapman, n. D. PROT. Of thys,c, Ia, University.
7, Parke. NJ b, Prest College Of Physicians, Phia.
Dir. Del Yalo, Professor OF Medicine, Havana.
Jose Eourrnco de Luz, Prof. Of Surgery, Lisbon.
G. W. Irving. late Minisef to Spain ,
J. Chapman, Member Royal College Surgeons, London,
Sir Thomas Pearson, M'ior General, British Army.
& Gilbert Robertson, British Consul &C., &c.
And also, the wonderful cures eaectsa by sgaim's Pan
aces, have for many years mlde an invaluable rtmedy.
The panacea does contain Mercury In FORM and
being an innocent preparation, may be given u the most
tender nianf.
The retail price has been reduced to 80 per bottle,
Containing tire bal pios Or three bottles for 81.
BEWARE OF IMPOSITION.
swaim's Pahacea is m round bottles nuted ongitudi
nally, with the folio ing letters blown on the glass:
S-PANAOEA--PHtJADA 3"
and having tie name las. Swain stamped on the sealing
wax, and wrttenon the Label covering the cork and
splendid engraving for the eide of the boe composed
Reomeirc lathe work. comprising nine different dies,
which have been turned for the exclusive OF the pro.
pretor by Draper Co., bank note engtayers Pha.
dephia. In the centre portrait OF the nate William
Swain. copyright secured.
ALSO, SNVAIM'S YER MIFUGE,
Available Family Medicine being highly approved rem
edy Tor all diseases arising from ebity oil the digestive
organs such as Worms Cholera Morbus DysenteTy, Fe
yer and Ague Bleeding Piles, sick Headache, &c &C..
seethe Pamphlet which may be had gratis, accompany
itg the Vermiiuge.
Prepared only az swA1M's LABORATORY. OLD
STAND, seyent f., below Chestnut. phladeph' a. and
sold by all the respec able Druggist IN the United States
CAUTION TO THE PuBLlC--persuns Wishing 10 oh.
tain the genuine sgaims paDacea ami GAINS Vermihiee
should be rtfal q Observe that the name SWAIN ia
spelled correctly on the bottles and abels or they may
be imposed sn by medicine maie IN initiation Of them ~
person bearing s0Dlewhdt aimar Hame, well calcu
LATED to deceive.
General Agents heT'nbrd Safes
tCHIhFFEiIN, BKoTnTRaA CO.,
l,0 william Stree corner Of Beekman. New York
at22 d,An
CARBONATE AMMONIA. $50 JARS Ca
" @1naie Ammonia, Just received, aud Tor sale by
q a HARRINGTON a. 90,
Ma 40 Mas
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1856-02-19

them in all cases Also, among the large assortment Of
Wood and Coal Stoves which he keeps constantly hand
be found the fol owing fashionable patterns The
North Star, Best Baker, Granite State, Pd1lor Cook
Is mething newl, Crystal Palace, Eagle and Equator
Stougs
aud warranted not to leak or blow of.
Pumps, Lead Pipe, Zinc, Street Lanterns, &c always
on hand, at l6 southbridge street. JsaW JORDAN.
So diff
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1856-02-19
Boston. ADVERTISEMENTS.

VENUsTHE LADIES.-BR ADBURY's PEARL
4 DE BLONDE, for Beautygins The Complexion.
The rich delicate and valuable preparation known
for the human face originally prepared by Sir Asey
Cooper of Engands greatest physicians the Sc
cret impaired 70 the proprietor by the late Mrs. Warner
the celebrated English Tragic Actress who had used it Tor
years, and who could find nothing to equal it in the
world. 1t has never before been offered for sale in this
country but is mmary known and extensively used by
the fashionable in the cities Of Europe.
TEsTIMoNIALs:
BosroS Mass, May 5th 1856
.. GEo. W. BRIGGS. ESQ., Dear Sir; have no hesita-
non Ia saying that during professional career have
met with nothing equal Bradhurys Pearl de Blonde
1t causes injurious effects however freely it NAV be
used You i'll please send three botl and obge
Yours, truly, MRS. u. P. GRATTAN,
NJ. Bradford Place.
BosToN, Mass. May 9Th, 1856
IEo. ". BRIGGS Esa.-Dear Sr.--I have been engag
ed professionally Theatres for the last thirty years and
have nothing for the Complexion equal Bradburys
Pearl de Blonde Please send half dozen bottles
cOstumcr, Bost9a Thester.
For sale IN Worcester by T. BAKER & CO., Booksel-
ers 1874 Main street.
Agent for New England, GEO. ". BRIGGS. stationer,
and Wholesale and Retail dealer in Harrisons American
Perumery, and Writing Tnks s2s Washington Street, OPP
positA tha Adams HorsA iA22 div
GPINAL COMPLAINTS.-AIe lew method Of
- treating SPINAL DISEASES Curuafures of the
Spine, and Spinal Weakness without pain or suffering
70 the patient however young feeble, success
fully practised by
DR.. j.. a. WOOD,
at his office No 2l5 Washington ST., Boston at his
idence, Marlboro HoteE
Having examined fine Serpentine Spring Apparatus
used by Dr. j. A. Wood, in the treatment Of LATERAL
Natures of the spine recommend it as efficient and
comfortable 10 the patient.
HENRY J. BIeELow NJ. D., Prof surg. Harvard Univer
sty.
GEO. HAYWARD, NJ. D., Fx Prof Surg Harvard Unver
sity.
WISsLow LEWIS, NJ. D.
]. V G. SMITH, Mayor of Boston.
JoHs w. WARREN. NJ. D.
HENRY G. CLARK. NJ. D., City Physician.
Boston, July. 1854 n6d9m
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1856-02-19
FnANKLIN
p Rim TIN G. HOU Sc
Corner Of Franklin and Ha,oley Sts.,
STON.

The Franklin Printing House possesses unusual acili
lies for prompt execution Of the finer descriptions work
such Books, Certificates and Transfers of Stock In
Policies Bank Checks, of elegant designs,
Circulars, Wedding, Address and Business Cards. &C.
Check Books on all the Boston Bank constantly on
hand, or furnished to order.
Particular attention paid to Printing in Coors
At the late Exhibition OF the Mass achusets Charitable
Mechanic Association, Medal and Diploma were awarded
the Proprietor for the elegant specimens of Fancy
and Job Printing In that particular department he feels
assured, his establishment cannot be surpassed.
Persons desiring any description Of Printing invited
10 call. sAM'L clIIsM, Proprietor.
myM diff
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1856-02-19

The undergned citizens Of Worcester County having
learned that Henry r. Walllng who appoint by the
Legislature Of 1852 10 superntend the corecod II the
State Map has made surveys. In connection with that
work. for urge and accurate Map Of Worcester County,
to he published by VIM. L. Baker CO B1ston, take
pleasure 10 expressing confidence III work will
b. really scientific and valuable one and hope that IL
will be literally sustained by the ci izeps the County
Amasa Walker,N Br0okheld; Alex Dewitt, Oxford;
Bonum Nye, Broos led A. Croker, Ftchburg;
Asaph Wood, Gardner; Eben'r gonry. Ftchburg;
Samuel Clark Northboro'; A. Harrington, Shrewsbury;
.FayerEeaher, Wetboro; sam 81 Lane, SOutubridgsj
John Nelson, Leicester; David Lee, Barre;
Jno, G. Melcalf. Mendon; Led Josin, Hubhardston;
John Brooks, Princeton; Aug. Y. Hill, Harvard;
s. J. Woodbury. suttonj JosephRaymond Royal ton;
Jas Allen, 0akham; d. o. Tyler, Winchendon;
Dan Hin, Blackstone tit
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1856-02-19

letter. upon diseases and conditions of the human
system. free Of charge.
Dr4spesr being visited hv 1000 patients every
month"; of whom travel hundreds miles to consult
HIM AMI obtain his medicines.
Dr. ), will every durable case. After
giving bis medicines trial effected,
he viii pay any other physician who will eecJ cure
his bill not exceeding 800.
The following list Of his medicines will give an idea Of
the diseases treated, and the remedies used Read
carefully.
Balm of Life, Nos. and Q, remedy for all dis
eases of the Lungs and Throat Dyspepsia, Liver Com
plants Scroula Syrup, for Scrofua, Fistua, Ulcers
Cancers, and Tumors; also for Chronic Rheu
matsm. Bos, Headache. Hip Gout, Scatica &C.. and
specific Tor Mercural Diseases The Indian Liverwort
Pills. good family medicine. Golden Bitters for Nerv
BUSINESS Barrnness, Fluor Abus &c; for
of Weakness in the Stomach, they form an invaluable
remedy. Tonic Cordial, for all Female Irregularities
Weaknesses &c. The Mothers Cordial, t. he used few
weeks before confinement Mothers who have once used
this Cordial will dispense with it in subsequent
The Womans Friend for the Falling of the Womb, Pam
nthe Side and Back German Lotion, warranted to
the Salt Rheum, and a. kinds of Humors. Gravel Mix
ure, remedy foi Gravel and ell affections of the
water. German Powders for Pin Worms, and also val
uafle medicine for the Piles. Restrative Pills for the
Piles. Catarrh Snuff-it will cure The Oatarrh Corn
Plaster, which will cure Corns. Balsam Of Life, for
Coughs, Colds, Cramps, spasms, Fits, and Splitting Of
Blood. All Healing Save Rheumatic Imminent, for Pain
in the Limbs, Side Back, &C. daw1y MARIO
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1856-02-19

Boston, Sept LIST, 1856.
Messers. Baker Co. have been engaged for several
years in the publication Of Typographical Maps and have
acquired high and well deserved reputation 10 this
cupaon. As they have published Maps which con-
srnc ed by OF Counties Massachusetts and Connec-
tcut can confidently recommend them responsible,
energetic and gentlemanly Ia all their trns actos and
am certain they will they invariably have done, give
entire satisfactonto awho may have dealings with them
II. N. MAILING.
MI WITT RtnLe ENGINEER of Mass.