The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-04-21
thereof beware lest their plans should all be
upset by an Independent opposition movement
fresh from the people,
the News from Europe.

upset py An lnuePeuoeut oPpOsitl0u moVement
fresh from the people"
the News from Europe.
Attention may be usefully given to the ar
ticle we republish elsewhere, from the Paris
Dsbats, journal occupying in France posi-
ton nearly similar to that of the Washington
Union here. 1t refers to the latest sittings Of
the Conference, and the settlement of the ques-
tions of the Principalities, and of the condition
Of the Christian subjects in Turkey.
It will be remembered that the hitch in the
negotiations, which took place shortly before
the treaty was signed, arose from the reluc-
lance of the Sultan to allow his DEGREES tole-
rating Christianity to be incorporated in the
treaty--an object for which the plenipotenti-
aries Of Great Britain and Russia are under
stood to have labored strenuously to gain. The
Sultan naturally objected that if the DEGREES
were made part of the treaty, all the contract
ing Powers might claim the right Of seeing to
their execution, and thus usurp the real sove-
reignty Of the Porte. 1t seems from the Ds5ats
that this difficulty was overcome by sort Of
compromise: the DEGREES were issued, and allu-
sion was made to them in the treaty; 80 that,
on the one hand, the contracting Powers were
not parties to the DEGREES; though, on the other,
those DEGREES could not be rescinded or VIC
treaty which were based on them. The diff
ference between this scheme and the one origi-
nally proposed, is Of course only apparent.
Practically, so long as the contracting Powers
are entitled to control Turkish legislation,
it matters not whether they derive that
right from the direct authority or the in
cidental corollaries Of the treaty. There is
NO question but the Sultan has been actually
stripped Of an essential part Of his sovereign
ty by the treaty Of Paris. If Lord Aberdeen
still takes an interest in politics, his feelings
on contemplating this arrangement must be
curious. For it is precisely that which the late
Emperor Nicholas proposed to Sir Hamilton
Seymour in their famous conversations; ex-
cept that, instead of Russia and England alone
figuring as the guardians and tutors of the
Porte, the trust is placed in commission in the
hands Of France, England, Russia, Austria
Prussia and Sardinia
1t may be gathered from the article in the
Debats that the Principalities have not been
severed from Turkey, and erected into an in
dependent State. There was strong desire
on the part of some of the great Powers to re-
peat the experiment tried last generation in
Greece. 1t was urged, it is said, by France
and England in the view of interposing b.r-
rier between Turkey and Russia; by the Rus
slams, as proximate step towards the disso-
luton of the Turkish empire. Nothing, how
ever, appears to have been settled, except that
the northern boundary Of the Principalities is
to be carried northward, and that the naviga-
ton of the Danube is to be thrown open to all
nations 1t has probably been supposed, and
very justly, too, that the immense develope-
ment which the Danubian provinces will re-
ceive from the admission of all vessels to the
river will lead, as Q matter Of course,
to commercial prosperity, and as
consequence to political freedom. This is the
only useful fruit of the war. The opening of
the Danube will be q boon not only to the
Principalities but to all commercial nations,
including the United States. We do not des-
pair of seeing the American flag as promi-
nent in the great European river as it is at
present on the European seas.
Italy, too, it seems, was touched upon, not
withstanding the reluctance of the Austriaus-
Faithful to the policy expressed in his we'll
known letter to the Pope, the Emperor of the
French desires to see such concession to libe-
raj principles in Italy as will take off the edge
of revolution. Thus his sagacty conceives
possible state of things in Italy, in which the
dormant energies of that splendid country
might be aroused, her resources developed,
and her human powers turned into a useful
channel. But on this point, as on the former,
the Conference either came to no conclusion,
or that conclusion is not yet known. 1t is
highly unlikely that conference provoked by
Austria would take the lead in neutralzing
policy which has been the handspring of Aus.
trian authority for nearly half century: hap
PLY, on the other hand, Sardinia has lately
gained power enough and made friends enough
to hold her own against the Emperor, and when
the time comes for her to extend her policy, and
perhaps her dominion, over the whole peninsu-
la, it will be no easy matter to hinder her.
Meanwhile, all over Europe efforts are being
made to efface the traces Of the war. Ships are
being put on for Cronstadt and Riga. Con-
tracts for the delivery Of tallow and hemp and
hides are being freely made by the st. Peters
burg merchants. For this season, at least, the
worlds shipping will find enough occupation
in bringing home the armies, the material and
the stores from the Crimea and Turkey. The
French. it is said are to move slowly; October
will arrive before their quarters are evacuated
The English are expected home more shortly.
By New Year, the blood will be washed up,
the dead men forgotten, the old swords hung
up in closets, and people will bless the Lord Of
Peace as though there never had been such
thing as war and throat cutting.