The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-08-25

espwns the Pacific towards Asia much sncumbersd
In Africa the ofiest and longest mountains ere those
whose ridges eleven 70 fourteen thousand feet IN
height and peak the equator 10 20 feet In
Australia the Australian ALPS ~ they called.
Vie east fronting he Pacific here the wider Of the 6or
Thus all over the world, the highest MOUNTAINS stand
fronting the largest and deepest oceans aud the ue Of
impression
g. We observe further that the coasts are
IN general 80 turned 70 the widest range OF ocean
The Appaachians, with the neghbor,ng coast, do not
face northeast towards the European continent, but
between America and Africa. 80 on he WEI. side Of
M nth America the Pacific coast faces not towards Asia
put southwest where the broadcast range Of ocean is
s. Consider now little moro closely the structure Of
these ocean borders How s as TO the effects Of heat
volcanic act0nf In North America, the side OF the
small ocean, the Atlantic, We ind metamorpnc rocks,
some trap dykes, and few tspid springs On the side
cur besides Of The grandes volcanoes Of the
globe, while basafs foods have buried out Oh signt
country Mount st. Helens Mount Hood, Noun, sh.s,a,
and dozen others, twelve 70 eighteen thousand feet
high, nuke q majestic pile OF hre mountains not yet
wholly extinct. Nay not say again, then, - the szs
Of the Atlantic the action OF heat on the Atlantic Dor
DER the size Of the Pacific to the action Of heat on
In South America there is . direct repetition of the
same facts on sl grander scsle-the Brazilian side,
with metamorphic rocks and vol anoes: the Pa,inc
sic e. with volcanic heights Of 20 600 feet aad upward
In the Orient there are some small volcanic operations
on the Atlantic side; but an unnumbered most down
through Ksmschatka Japan and the islands south on the
Africa there are great volcanoes in the Red Sea and
the lofty Abyssnian mountains, and only few ON the
east in the Gulf Of Guinea, where in fact the continent
opens the Southern Ocean and not simply in the mar
row Atlantci the volcanoes are AZ the JUNCTION Oh tne
Two lines IN or near the Btght OF blAfra.
AGAIN tnese enects o. neat are connned mostly 70
tue .eeon oesween she coast o the oeraer molhiAns
sa snT oeeau Anu A,e must INTENSE Iowa.os Tue 1oa'
line Thus the capitalization or metamor ohism OF East
e. rae 70 nsGs ss'ongy
90 M me ocean anc alnasnes going west.
u. % w Inc raciuc sue; uie Rreas Voc tnoes arg
~. on .'e e'st oI sue VI .pe coast oe uere
no volcano on lnat sde ont On the saward soe ana
t0e Ieaer t.e wavtr we ho,'er tne hre.
again, Tue mountains tnas make the oo,oers CONSIST,
M how wen khown SINCE lne surveys OF tue rr0essor
lhogers) OF rocks that nave been pressed
up OUT OF place, oiten INTO ndges, or In
=, nense io'ps, nke me loms we msy make
" paper oy pressing iaaeraiy oniy tne rocky
oios are many miles ID range ana OF mountain neight,
and these folds or pcstons and are most
numerous towards Inc ocean, ana are parallel nearly 70
the ocean Hence, again, the nearer the water, the
vaster the phcatfons ana uplitngs on the rocks
Over the interior OF North America there are not
only no volcanoes but never have been any since
we su,an as SHOWN py ehe aosence OF tner q
maps among the strata and this so, notwithstanding
he abundance o. salt water over the regions in thoae
ancient times over the Interior OF ASIA there are no
voc1hoes as wen SHOWN. except tne tnsee Of oar "a
onht stands OUT snort Distance from me water me OF
hNa IN the Japan range OF Nmnos mus dhecty eagng
"se1s 70 p.opery suomerged part oi tne connnent.
~ conIas ~Nn tnH non vo,e,auc cnaIscter ol tne
VI so Conn0nus, .no san 70 " .uo oo.~ns
I s uo s % sl1 al svCso wns.o NY Soss'
ana tnose Oh corAi Pooaoy rest on voicanio oasn.
uhvalsgir N the Hmaayas, 20 goo feet high Is grant
TIC and surely We might have looked for some granite
peaks among the central sAnds OF the oceans But there
are Mons
z. .De sans ume, - o.ners lave remLxea, 1o uans
seas wncn oivoe me Nos.nern ana oou!n9rn con-
unenis, he FAST IDdes the nederrsnean ana West IN
di.s' are cnsrao.erized oy so,canoee:
basin, the oceanic borders beng varied into mountains
tnese are 20 aInoa az W lace inc wides range
:" oean tne nesnt Oh tnsse oordei mountains anu inc
extent OF igneous action along them directly proper.
onsu " lne s'ze ~ 'nc ne ISciac acooransT,
Ie,ns sr. WIN gssas vooanoes ana oy mouuns, wnl'e
s. 1 , n.ans,o ~ - u.noa W eI nekuS aaa
1us lew socsnoes ~ noreovef voicsnoes coaiacserize
manos OF ma ocesn ana no. ne interior OF 'ne con
npen,s, wnet .ne iegi.mate in'efencef
Most plainly the extent and positions Of the ocean
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