The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1856-02-07


do 40 AZ this time In Central America In such event
language would fail TO describe her sf'uooS lna's
nation. -, .h;.
occupation In brief they are these In 1904 Col Hen
derson the British commandant ut the Belize VINO vac
TO examine this island, reported thatt peosseu 70
Spain In 1920 il seized by British force aua A
doned the remonsrances Of the Central American g9t
ernment which then united and strong In i94l :,
again seized after that government was snS
when Honduras feeble, sud In a time OF Proounu
peace without urging the slightest pretenee SO iar 70 Up
pearsa mere act Of piracy 70 call thugs ny ue'i ua'
names.
These five islands, as have already said, eons-
tute British colony, organized since the ratihcaon OIL
this treaty They most valuable possession The PIN
cipa OF them, Roahn, being highly important nsva
station Astounding with excellent harbose easily fortified
ard aording the of commanding the great Bay Of
Honduras and the communication along the coast OF Gem
trail America and their adaptation TO these purposes con-
stnies their value TO England and the motive for
the enaey with which she holds to them, her solemn
spnlations 10 the contrary notwithstanding am glad
that the purpose has not escaped the sagacy Of our
government the knowledge Of lis ayowa Dir. Marcy
speaks upon this subject with frankpess which becomes
his position and responsibility lie says, in letter 70
Mr. buchanan OF June Ii 1854;
tRoatan only desirable Great Britain naval
and military station and for that purpose only, as would
give her great facility Ia affecting inuriousy interests
Should she refuse to acknowledge part OF the State OF
Honduras and possession Of it herself the United
States would clearly understand her object pedetermina
ton to interfere with affairs thus manifested win render
the continuance OF amicabe relations With her peea
GUS" .a.# rs .W#@.
Roatan is to become the Gibraltar of those seas and
like that celebrated Fortress like the Cape of Good Hope
and Aden aud Singapore 1t is destined by English policy
to overlook and when the time comes to control the com
merce OF the world No fail to admire the judg-
ment and precauiion with which these and other stations
have been selected grng the globe with seats power
places once OF attack and reugeand especially their
establishment upon great lines OF communication, and
where the flag OF every maritime nation must pass before
their doors No power Is interested II. al this than
and that interest IL eaold increased by
QUESTIONS upon the Pacific and by the necessity of
In
path watching in his lair till he is ready to spring
but this just what England wansay and win haget
we do not bring both vigilance and hrinoss to the task
before us %h
Our fifth and last principal ground complaint the
conduc. aud preensons of England with respect 10 the
Mosquito country and proecore The treaty recogn
the existence OF such relation with that region This
is conceded by Lord Clarendon, who adds however that
the treaty does recognise the right of both the United
States aud England 70 afford protection to the Central
American Sates Including Mosquito This phraseology Is
TOO iadeermnaie The ausion in the convention TO this
important matter is mere incidental one 1t is that neither
party shall make Of any protection IL may afford to
either of the said States for any purpose Inconsistent With
the treaty think now, as thought at first that the in
PRODUCTION of this provision untoFthna,e and should
feel obliged the from Vermont mr. CoLLAMER
who member of Gen. Taylors cabinet the time
tins subject was pending he will state TO the Senate the
reasons for its introduction.
Mr.. COLLAMER. Mr. President when occupied the
station TO which the honorable from Michigan has
alluded paid attention to diplomatic business gen
orally and peculiar attention to this treaty. Perhaps
II gentlemen will examine the treaty they will find that it
contains peculiar ieaure aude especially to that
portion of it guarantying the neutrality OF the sthmus
Sir strange ii may SEEM of those who regard
the appeal OF nations TO for the abnent 81 cues
tons OF difficulty remnant of barbarism and be-
ieve the time will come in The progress of civilization and
humanity when tue nations OF the earth and especially the
Christian nations will find reasonable method
OF adjusting their differences. "@
ifRentemen win look this treaty they win find that
by IL the United States and Great Britain agreed guar
aniy the neutrality Of part OF the su-se Of Gods
erh in peace and in warhe passage the isthns
from the Atlantic to the Pacific ocean When saw that
this was TO I've feature Of that treaty il seemed TO me that
II wns one step towards the ultimate consna'a OF the
great purpose which had ard hope ibc world yet have
N sew that trial by batch shall no more be resorted to
10 national affairs than in the settlement of disputed quos-
tons between individuals. | thought also that IL there
was one spot Of earth whc the olive branch of peare
might he spread and held With steady hand Il would be
step towards extending that olive branch OF peace
over the world This what particularly interested me
ia The treaty toagh had other great national objects
view
When the FIRST prejH Of the treaty came under my no
ce II contained the first words which now are 10 be found
IN the st article Of the treaty Thc governments of the
United States and Great Britain hereby declare that neither
ue one nor the other viii obtain maina for its
own exclusive control the said shpcana then pro-
poerd TO be GUARANTEED and arranged-"agrceing that
neither viii ever erect or maintain any Notifications
handing the same or in the vicinity thereof occupy
fortify colonize exercise any dominion
over, Nicaragua, Costa ca, the Mosquito coast any
part of Central America
Now sir II these words stood alone there would seem to
be sufficient guarantee and distinct agreement that
there was 10 be occupancy by either party In part
OF Central America. In order explain why additional
words were inserted In thar article 1t will be necessary for
me 10 refer TO Correspondence which passed between Mr.
Lawrence, then our minister at London and Lord Pal
merson then at the bead of the British Foreign Office In
the autumn OF lS40 before the treaty negotiated In
the hrs OF those letters Mr.. Lawrence inquired Of Lord
Pamerston whether the British government would be will
ling TO enter into such an arrangement afterwards
agreed TO II viii be rccolleced that at that time they
were In possession OF Greytown and the whole coast Of
Central America from that point north to the Belize
Mr.. CASS. That is so.
Mr.. COLLAMEIl They had claimed that the Mosquito
coast under the ular king OF theirs TO whom the honor
able senator has alluded not only extended TO the Blue
Fields but clear down 10 the mouth Of the San Juan river
and that Costa Rica which they then had equally under
their control extended up the coast the river San Juan
thus entirely cutting of Nicaragua and Honduras from the
Caribbean sea- They in actual possession of the
country at that time and had been for year or more
Lord Palmersons reply to Mr. Lawrence dated No
yember 49, ls49 and II gentlemen will look the express
sion OF that letter II viii be found that there for
entertaining doubt whether construction would not be
given to the British statement that they would colo
nize this country which would defeat object In that
letter Lord Palmorson says to Mr. Lawrence;
With regard 10 The first part OF your inquiry beg to
say that her Majesty do occupy
colonize Nicaragua Costa Rca the Mosquito coast or any
part OF Central America"
At the very time Of the writing Of that letter they were
occupying the whole extent Of country which have
toned and yet Lord Pamerson said they did not intend
to do II. lie said further
"With regard to Mosquito, however, close political CON
nexon has existed between the Grown Of Great Britain and
the state and Territory OF Mosquito for period
Two out the British does not claim do
second part Of your inquiry beg to say that Der Maey
will