The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1856-11-14
rHE AGEIcULTURAL REPORT OF rHE PATENT
nEEInE

rag AGRICULTURAL REPORT OF rag PATENT
OFFICE.
We continue our extracts from Mr. Browns report on
the seeds and cuttings recently obtained BY the Patent
once and distributed throughout the country BY intro
d1eing the suhioined article on
rHE YHA PtASs ...a
The lea plant Thea pTifs vbic5 bGs 80 l0zg afforded
most grateful beverage millions Of people In every eE
lined eoanry Of the globe there Is mach 70 believe
may be successfully cultivated In favorable situations and
under proper management for local consumption least
In most all Of southern statea This par
tay realized from experiment made At Greenvihe IN
The mountainous parts Of South Carolina BY the late Jn
black and green plants of Chinese STOCK Of from hye
years growth and planted them IN the village
above named where They remained about two On
their removal plantation in that vicinity in March
1851, DR. Smith stated thai they remarkably last
summer and fully rooted, with tine large main
and collateral roots win abundance Of h6roas radicals
They all stood the snow eight nine inches deep upon
level the 3D. Of January, and the frosts OF
winter without the slightest covering protection and
without the loss Of single plant They now all form
he part ct the plantation composed Of cse received from
CHsG Last June ENG few planted the first week In jane
which germnated TIE lGtn e sp'Soer Al these young
plants thinly covered with straw. Some Of them
have their foliage others have not The stems DO not
appear have sustained any injury The fresh buds are
beginning 10 shoot help thinking that have
demonstrated the adaptation Of the tea plant 70 the
soil and climate Of this country and succeeded in It's per
mansnt establishment within borderap
the economy agricultural OF southern
States il is surprising that simple herb which has proved
III such universal acceptance should retain this position
In the world for centuries and yet sH continue 70 ne
strirtea ia its production almost entirely 10 The country Of
origin although corresponding Tons win respect 70
latitude elevation above the and other
which modify the climate open 10 its introduction and
culture and the intelge well the
prsng merchants and Others have sought to learn
every fact connected with its growth and subsequent prep
ara;ion Though regarded, In general luxury and
food Al article from which
the people Of any country should be debarred On the
contrary the policy in this well IN
others Of every crafty the wishes of its
people and facilitate the acquisition Of this luxury by
Its economical Importation or what would be far
desirable TO extend the production to its soil Re
specng the expsdeney Of such in this country
taai last named little need be stated than that
Of citizens M IL and millions dollars win
ally be paid for Its Importation To the argument which
has often bsn advanced that The very low Of wages
China the why the production OF has
encouraged in this country il may be stated that With
porl>ton, robust and weea laborers and probably with
the aid Of the Cinnamon IN CALIFORNIA; there be
little doubt that we successfully compete at least for
local consumption with the primitive utensils tedious
mAnpulaton and absence Of railroads canaIs steam
igaucn, and even Of roads, of the enehed and
poorlyed Asiatcs The cost Of the transportation Of
IN China-say at distance, upon average from the
plantations TO Canton the port OF shipment of 600
1000 miles at waste Of from six weeks monfhs
time whole cargoes being constantly carried upon the
backs Of porters about four pound about
third Of its value AT the place Of its growth supposa
bic that Of the United Stafes corresponding
distance from the s-Sbo2rd would the of carriage
equal 10 oneourh Of that occupy one-ent Of the
time DR. Jameson superintendent Of The plantations
Of the East India Company the Hinslayan
bis report Of l8s remarks that the askvork Of
laborer is to dress weed and keep order three
Of tns land In middle and southern States
band currates annually, and keeps in order six
OF cotton, OF Indian Therefore assuming the
Of time for cultivang the respective crops
be equa the American laborer would perform more
double the amount Of work done by The Hindoo winch
-
Again low-rcrd labor compes cheap living which, with
the Hadoo consists principally Of lutte boiled with
out ANIMAL food This neAgre diet just keeps hrs attepu
Afed frame In eIisence and renders bin incapable of
toll On The contrary the hardy laborer Of the South
IA well and amply fed, three times day upon the health
lest food consumed BY man-bscon, horaony and
bread But the chief part Of the expense incurred il
bringing ten the in this country consists in
freight insurance storage and the profits and commissions
Of the importers factors retaer kc Of which would
be saved this article produced the place OF in
consumption Without further calculation Of the subjef
let be content the claims of the American Guilt
water for success upon The merits Of the arguments herein
Set forth.
The plant is not only found in China snd Japan,
chiefly IN cultivated slais butts ind gsnous the
tans which separse China from the Barmese territories
especially 10 Upper Assam, bordering the PROVING. Of
fun-nan IL Is also cultivated in Nepsi elevation Of
4Is4 feet above Bengal in latitude u deg AZ min n
Before proceeding in the inquiry would be derAbie
ascertain whether several Species Of the genus
Thea ylea the several varieties Of this might
plain Of the discrepancies in the accounts respect
some authors among whom Mr. Fortune and
Or Lstisom, who travelled extensively In China and
had ample opportunity for investigating this subject
consider that all The varieties Of tea NAV be obtain
ed from the same plant and that the differences
therefore due 70 the soil climate the age Of the
leaf and the mode Of preparation Others the contra
" are OF the opinion THAI they produced from least
tao dnet species Thea rldas and TAea bosa There il
no doubt, however, that the plants usually known IS
green and black" when cultivated under similar cir
eustanc~ retain permanently their charactsristics aud
That their leaves respectively generally resemble these
obtained AFTER tnfung good specimens Of green and black
yea Ihe geen tea plant moreover is much more hardy
Than the black Of The former having lived t@enty
years IN The open air London and being only killed
m The very severe winter Of 1873 when the tbermom
e tell 70 8. deg T. Yet from the great Of terrific
~ over which the Tea plant found and from the variety
o. situations in which produced there be but little
doubt that II grown in very different sofia though there
are doubtless certain conditions tina; best suit
ed 70 the production Of the finest favored teas.
The tea plant loves grow in valleys the foot Of
mountains and upon The banks Of streams, where il enjoys
southern exposure to the though il endures consd
eshe variations Of drynes and moisture and Of beat and
cold for IL hourishes In The climate Of Pekiu in latitude
40 deg IA well as about Canton in - deg min n and
u observed that the degree Of cold the former place
nearly a. severe 10 winter in Of middle
states The best tea however grows in mild, temperate
climate the country about MAXIM producing better Art
Gle than either Ppktn Canton Mr. Bruce travelled
IA uppe Assam in 1896 describes the tea districts as oor
sstng Of Little mounds hilocs Of earth which large
trees had grown their alone appearing them
from being washed sway Ons thing be observes worthy
Of notice that sll The Assam grows water Of
which appears 70 be very fond for vLsrVver there is
small stream Is sure TO be found Re subseuusntly
discovered however, that tea plantations in that country