davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15

SPERMATORRHEA, or LOCAL WEAKNEss.--Dr
~ CZAPKAY, late lecturer on Diseases Of women
and children, and chief Surgeon of the Military
Hospital OF Pesth, Hungary would call public at
tention to spernatorrhna or local weakness. There
is not in the catalogue Of human maladies more
TO be deprecated than this well because of pres
ent distress, as the ultimate results. The tone of
the system under its deteriorating influence is
either impaired or entirely destroyed, and class
of symptoms superinduced, that units man for the
performance of any Of the ordinary duties Of life
The injuries done to the physical part of man are
truly lamentable, but trifiing when compared TO
those of the censorium, the great nervous centre,
and TO the great nervous system generally This
disease which is too often consequent upon that sol
itary vice, self-abuse involves pathological cond-
tions beyond the comprehension Of the uninitiated
but which are well understood by the regular prac
titioner Among the symptoms most conspicuous
are the following Love Of solitude. aversion TO
business and society," distressing timidity nervous
excitement from slight causes loss of memory con-
fusion of ideas, inability to reason correctly, low
spirits and assitudc, dullness of apprehension and
misanthropy. These being functional derange-
mcnts, are often the harbingers of horrid organic
LESSONS of the BRAIN which produces fatality demen-
tia and death
For the cure Of this and all kindred of diseases,
DR.. Czapkay has established his Institute where all
map rely with perfect confidence upon that skill
which long experience aud thorough devotion to
his profession has given. Those who suffer should
call without delay, and use the means by which they
may recuperate and live. All consultation by let
ter or otherwise, free.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
fl23
ALPHA WATER WOHEs

AkEN from Fountain the head of Sol
Il dicrs Gulch. We take pleasure in announcing
to the citizens of Volcano that we are prepared to
furnish them with the
BEST AND PUREST WATER,
that can be obtained, and for all domestic purposes
1t cannot lie surpassed We tender thanks to our
patrons Tor The liberal patronage we have received,
and would inform all others who have not received
supply of this water that they will find il for their
interest TO use it, no lime or potash is required
to soften it, before it is ready for domestic use We
can and will supply them cheaper than any other
Water Company IIydnnts for sprinkling the
streets and other purposes, viii be in readiness
when required. Further information can be had bv
calling on propricters. STEVENS & MYERS.
feb23 3m
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15

CPERMATORRHEA, or Local Weakness, Ner
- vous Debility, Low Spirits, Lassitude, Weakness
of the Limbs and Back, Indisposition and lncapa
bility for Labor and Study, Dullness of Apprehen-
sion Loss of Memory, Aversion to Society, Love of
Solitude Timidity self Distrust, Dizziness. Head
ache, Involuntary Discharges, Pains in the Side,
Affections of the Eyes, Pimplcs the face, sexual
and other infrmaties in man, cured without fail
by the Justly celebrated Physician and Surgeon, l..
J. CZAPKAY. His method OF curing diseases is
new, unknown TO othcrs) and hence the great sue
sess All consultations, by letter or otherwise free.
Address L. J. Czapkay. San Francisco, Cal
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15

a soap
1t.- Price $500. Full directions are attached to
each package. In cases where the Prophlacticum
is used curative Or. L. J. Czapkay will furnish
gratis prescription for his Blood Purifier
All communications from the country addressed
only to DR. l.. j. Czapkay San Francisco, will be
strictly and con6dentaly attended to- and the rem
edies with the greatest care and security, immed-
ately dispatched by express other conveyance to
their destination. l.. J. CZAPKAY, NJ. ID.
3mlS San Francisco Cal
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
DISSOLUTION

NOTICE is hereby given, that the co-partnership
existing between Titus & Kingsley. has. this
day, been mutually Dissolved All those indebted
to the firm, will please call and make Immediate
settlement The business will continue under the
style CT Coleman Titus, at the old stand where
we will be pleased 10 see our old customers Hop
ing by strict attention to there wants TO merit a
liberal share of their patronage.
Tits Il KINGSLEY.
tehz3 ISLE
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
Select School.

MISSES Lucy and Virginia Grove propose TO
lNI open Select School on Monday the 10Th inst.
in the house formerly occupied by the public school.
TERMS.-Common English branches, $500 per.
month.
Higher branches, $500 per month.
Music and French, Extra.
Boys under ten years of age received into school.
[march8-4tl
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
ron Door & Shutter Mandatory.

Iron Door & Shutter Mandatory.
rT,IIE undersigned respectfully informs the eit-
i zens of Volcano and vicinity that he is now
prepared to receive orders in the above linei that
from his long experience in the business in San
Francisco he is confident his work will be inferior
To none In the State JAMES YOUNG,
febl6-l7tf Consolation st. Volcano
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
HILL, CLARK a co.
OLES ALE GROCERS

w Ill " IL Il . n IL II u X y T. IL X , (,
53 Front Street, Sacramento
IAvE constantly on hand a choice and well Sc
i l. lected stock. All goods directed to our care
forwarded with promptness to all parts Of the
mines. Charges moderate.
THOMAS HILL, Sacramento,
j. w. CLARK, 1871 Front st. San Francisco
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
/ HORSE-RADISH Fresh California Horse-Ra-
IL dish put up in bottles at
KELLEY q SYMONDS.
G. K. TOOTH.

Teacher Of the Flute and Guitar.
/ AIDES and Gentlemen, desiring to obtain
IL good and fundamental knowledge of Music. are
requested to try his new method. Having been en-
gagged successfully for two years in this country as
teacher of the above instruments. recommends him
self TO the patronage of The lovers of Harmonic
Terms, easy to suit the times. For particulars
please enquire at Mr.. Adam Dinzler's Boarding
house, opposite Union Hotel
PARrIEs, Furnished with any number of pieces at
short notice.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
Off for the States

E'OR SALE splendid Rancho in lone Valley.
l. about 80 head cattle, 8 head horses, about 20
head of hogs and 100 chickens wagon, farming
tools &c An orchard of young trees of the best
kinds OF Fruit on the Ranch. All or part will be
sold at ; bargain the Ranch, Stock, lSc., for three
thousand and six hundred dollars.
Apply to JOHN DOBLE, Esq, Volcano.
Wol9-2D j. I. POE, lone Valley.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
The American Hotel

HAVING been thoroughly renovated is now
Il L open for the accommodation of the public
IN point of comfort and convenience It is surpassed
by no Hotel in Jackson while its situation is most
desirable, tne proprietor assures the public there
snail DC hothing LETT undone to make them comfort
able as he intends to furnish his table with the
choicest the market affords, and his Bar with the
best Of Liquors, wines and cigars
AUGUSTUS KING, Proprietor.
Jackson, March, 1856 fmarS-g0-3ml
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
Saloon for Sale.

FTHE Subscriber desrous of closing his business,
l. now offers for sale, at great bargain. all the
bar furniture and fixtures, three BILLIARD Ia
BLES, &C., now used in the Fashion Saloon in this
place. Any person desirous of doing business in
this line, will do well to call on me. For particu-
lar inquire at the bar. CHA'S. STECKLER.
fah13 AZ
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
SoxoRA, Nav 2s. 1855.

SONOkA May e, 900.
DR. L. J. CZAPKAT--Dear Sr--l very much regret
that had not called upon you sooner, for | had
been suffering many months, during which time !
passed miserable existence. When called upon
you few weeks since, had but little hope Of be-
ing so speedily recovered. Icannot depict the suf
fcrng of mind which endured, whilst my bodily
confusion in my brain, timidity the nervousness
when would get the least excited or alarmed, the
love of solitude. the want of appetite and weak
ness generally, but particularly Of my limbs, have
all disappeared, as have the nocturnal emissions,
and the remains. of an old disease that my folly
had bro't ON me. For all this | feel truly thank
full for to your medicines and advice am indebted
for the restoration Of my health. II you think any
one would be benefited by putting this letter in
the papers, You are at liberty to do so. Believe
me ever gratefully yours. A. LORING.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
The Greatest Discovery Of the .age-Greaf Bless
ing to .HdnkiHd-Ipn0eent,b bm Potent
nR. /. ]. CZAPKAY's propiIaeiieunl,

IL disnfecting agent) sure preventive against
Gonorrhna and Syphilitc diseases, and unsur-
passed remedy for all venereal Scrofulous, Gangre
nous and Cancerous Ulcers. Foetid discharges from
Vagina, Uterus and Urethra, and all Cutaneous
Eruptions and diseases. For sale at DR.. l.. j. Cap
kays office, Armory Hail. corner of Sacramento
and Montgomery streets, San Francisco. As inoc-
uIation is preventive against small pox, so is Dr.
l.. J. Czapkay = Prophilacticum preventive against
Syphlitic and Gonorrh9al diseases. Harmless in
ITSELF il possesses the powe. Of chemically destroy
ing the Syphiitic Virus. and thereby saving thous-
ands Of debauchees from being infected by the most
loathsome Of all diseases. Let no young man who
appreciates health be without Dr. Czspkay's Pro-
philacticum. II is In very convenient packages,
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
Two THE AFFLICTED.-DR. L. J. CzAPKAY

rI'O THE AFFLICTED.-DR. l.. J. CZAPKAY
J. late of the Hungarian Army. and Chief Physi-
clan of the Hospital of Pesth calls attention to the
following malades, in the treatment of which he
guarantees cure. Diseases of the Brain, such as
Epiepsey, Apoplexy. rushes of blood to the head
Inflammation Of its different tissues, Partial and Com
plete Paralysis and Insanity, and all Functional De-
rangements, such as loss OF Memory aversion of
Society Msanthropy, Timidity Nervous Excite
ment from slight causes, Self Distrust Giddness,
Headache, Ringing in the Ears Confusion of Ideas
Love OF Solitude, Optical Illusion, Disturbed sleep,
and incapablity for labor and study,-Also in dis
eases Of the Lungs and Air passages, such as Tu-
bercuar diseases or Consumption, n umonia or in
hamaton of the Lungs Pleurites, or Pleurisy, Asth
ma humoral or spasmodlc, Bronchitis. Laryngitis,
and all forms OF Catarrhacal affections. Also disea-
ses Of the Liver, COngesions Of the Liver. Absces-
ses Of the Liver, Calcui in the gall bladder and
ducts. Jaundce and those diseases which impair its
functions, such as Panama fever Bilious fever aud
lntermittng fever and the consequences which these
disorders leave behind them.
Also diseases of the Stomach, such as Gastrtis or
inflammation of the Stomach, Enteritics or nfama-
tlon Of the bowels, Dyspepsia in all its forms,which
destroy the appetite and digestion, Flaterlencies
Dyscntery and Diarrhna. Also, diseases of the
Kidneys. and other Urinary Organs, such as Dabe-
tes or an excessive flow Of urine, Albumnuria
commonly known as Brights disease. In this com
plant. the physician and patient do not oftentimes
suspect the presence of the disease until too late
The most common symptoms are general indisposi-
tion, with dropsieal swellngs Calctut in the Kid
ncys, ureiar or Bladder, Enurises or inability TO
retain the urine, Cystitis inflammation of the blad
der, and all other disorders Of the urinary organs
Also, diseases Of the Womb and its appendages such
as irregularities of the MENSES, when excessive
suppressed irregular. Prolapsus falling of the
Womb. Steriity, Ovarean Dropsy, and other disea-
ses Of the parts In the treatment Of any of the
above diseases, the Doctor has many new remedies
and guarantees perfect cure in all cases, or the
money will be returned. All consultations (by let
ter or otherwise) free.
Address DIR. l.. j. Czapkay. San Francisco.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
Sons Of Ternnerance
Empire Hotel.
MIN STREET VOLCANo.

GENERAL STAGE OFFICE.
<EA THE Subscribers take pleasure in announcing
Ill to the Public that they have renovated reitted
aud enlarged this Hotel and opened il first class
House. The sleeping apartments are fitted up with
entire new furniture and good clean beds. The Ia
BILE will at all times be supplied with every delica-
oy Of the that can be furnished in this mar
ket, and they those who may favor them with
their custom, that they will leave nothing undone
render their guests comfortable during their soourn
with them.
The BAR viii at all times be supplied with the
choicest
WINES, LIQUORS AND CIGARS,
that can be procured in San Francisco and will bs
in charge of a competent attendant.
u Zs,5- Attached to this Hotel is an elegant Bn-
LARD Room which is furnished with THREE Ia
BLES, surpassed by none in the country.
TARBELL g. WATERS.
jan IL 3m
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
Volcano Select School.

;. /. TACkABERk1 fRlNClfAb.
rTNIIE next term of this school will commence on
l. Monday JAN 2lst, and will continue for the
present in the NJ, Il. Church.
Parents are assured that the strctest attention
will be given to scholars to advance them in their
studies. No improper conduct or vulgar language
will be allowed on the part of any scholar
An opportunity will be given for those who wish
to pursue the higher studies.
TERMS.
For common English branches per quarter
of three months. s...,........ 5 900
For higher Branches. es. 1900
S. I. TACKABERRf.
jan Il-5in
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
Staple and Fancy Dry Goods,

ctdplC dAu amy ~ 0~oeot
Enl5roideries Yankee Notions and Furnishing
Goods
By this arrangement we will be enabled 70 place
before our lady patrons for the approaching spring
trade the latest and most desirable styles of dress
goods and cmbroideres at prices that cannot fail to
please all. Our resident partner at San Francisco
still continues as he has for the past five years. the
importing of
Butter, Cheese, Lard, Pork and Hams,
From which we make the choicest selection for our
trade in this place; and pledge ourselves never
to offer our customers Inferior stale goods. Our
prices will always be- such that
GIVE CANNOT BE J.tDERS OLD
We have established ourselves here in Volcano
for the purpose of selling dry goods, clothing, gro
ceres and general merchandise, not merely for
season or q year-and we hope by conducting our
business in an honorable manner, making good
our statements in every particular, and never de-
parting from the rule established by US at our
mencement
zone price and small profits"
TO merit a continuance of that public patronage
that we have hitherto enjoyed.
KELLEY & SYMONDS,
Fire proof stone building Main street
We wish il understood that no business will be
transacted by Us on Sunday.
Jan 20 l5-3m
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
Pacific Hotel.

p, PER RANcHERIA.
Iurnissin 1i.s house has just been finished. and
irst 1 ~. n good style, and is now opened as
hest hest .h slass hotel. The Table will be spread
,stsn,l.In .ne country affords. The Bar will be
Iand e supplied with the choicest Wines,
ia AMI Lodging per vask. s9co.
L KING
l3.lm
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
HANFORD A. DOWNS,

TAKE pleasure in announcing to the citizens OF
i Volcano and vicinity that they keep constantly
on hand and are receiving large supplies OF
Provisions, Hardware, Mining Boots,
Bar Iron; Steel; Sheet Iron; Powder; Fuse: Crock
cry; Glassware; Tinware; Camphene; Oils; Paints:
Windows; Boots and Shoes; Dry Gools and Cloth
ing; Long and Short Rubber Boots; Laiies's Shoes
of all kinds. just received, direct from eastern
manufactures splendid lot of Hats that we will
sell lower than any other house in town. Also
Clocks light from Yankeedom, which we well sell
at very low prices and warrant TO keap good time
and for beauty they cannot be excelled.
70 A good assortment of cooking and parlor
Stoves for sale at bargain. Give us a call and
examine for yourselves of our re-proof store, Ea-
gle Block, Volcano.
Jan rs li-3m
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
Temple of Honor.

DARADIsE TEMPLE OF HONOR meets at Tenn
l. perance Hall, Consolation street. every Wednes.
day evening.
w. 7. A. GIBSON, W. C. T. ]. S. B. JEwErr, w. z.
gss- SPECLfL DECREE TEMPLE meets
the first Wednesday evening in each month.
GEO. JOHNSON, ID. T. X. STEwART, d. r.
Jan IL l2-y
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15

C0FFEE, Green Rio & Java also Roasted Cof-
~ fee. Constantly on hand the Genuine Boveen
Fresh Ground Coffee and Spices, for Sale by
KELLY d SYMONDS
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
SACRAMENTO, May Is, 1855.

SACRAMENTO, May Is, 1855.
Dear Sir-Such is the thankfnlness feel for the
preservation of my health of both body and mind,
and believe of my life. that hope will not be
considered intrusive in rendering my thankful
acknowledgements for restoring me - health, and
making my life a boon worth preserving, when ii
had become burthen too great for me TO bear
Victim as was to vice that had undermined my
constitution, and developed n train of nervous
symptoms. such as nervous debility, headache, dis
tressing timidity, self distrus dizziness, love of
solitude, loss of memory and want of resolution,
besides loss of strength and energy, which had
made my waking moments wretched and my sleep
unrefreshng and was fast bringing me to the
grave but thanks to your skill / am restored to
health, vigor and energy. Hoping to guide others
where they may find relief, you have my permission
to make this public Respectfully years,
LEONARD WAITE.
ToDr L. ]. Czapkay, San Francisco.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
Notice
GARDEN a FRUIT SEEDS.

'ESIl Shaker and California Garden and How
Ir Seeds-growth of 1855. Also, Peach, Plum,
by, Damson, Grape Cuttings, Strawberry Plants,
le, Pear, Timothy and Clover Seeds, &c, for
in quantities to suit the trade and Gardeners ut
G.. 7. IL A. MORRILL'S
Store, next door to Nationi House, Volcano.
Aft
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
TWENTY-FIVE Tons

EST quality BAlLED HAY, for sale at the
Willow Spring House, by
WILLIAMS, SIZE & PLUMMER.
lar Is 2lu
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
Wanted
Antelope Restaurant and saloon

AntekOpe HAe>tdurtnt anu SstoOn,
(coRNER BRICK BASEMENT, EMPIRE BLOCK, oPPosTrE
THE EMPIRE H0rEL,)
LCANO CAL
H@ TIL subscribers invite the mi 9Son
S&A ners and the public generally to f&3A
--.l-Scall and them at their large--0--~
and elegant Dining Room, where they will at all
times find enough to eat and drink. Charges are
by the plate, and the prices are as low any re-
spectacle Restaurant in the State. All can regu-
late their bills according TO their taste We have
every convenience for cooking order at all times
of the day aud part of the night. The epicnrc
will also find, cooked TO his liking, besides the or
dinary bill of fare,
Oysters. fried or stewed,
Eggs fried, boiled, or 0melette,
Porter house steaks,
Venison steaks,
Game, poultry. &c.
Nh. Attached to the Restaurant is a separate
dining room expressly for ladies and gentlemen,
entrance through the main Saloon.
Take notice Of the large lamp and painted Ante-
lope
ii. G.. SMITH.
j. FORp. FORD i SMITH
jan &c li-3m
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
R1Nh EXCHANGE.

IN THE REAR OF DR.. NUNcKToNs DRUG STORE,
TTAS received new stock Of choice Wines, Bran
IL dies and Cigars Main street Volcano.
SMITH 4 YOUNG.
oct 27 IA 3m
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
ELIZABETH j. MITCHELL. RI. 81
LOOK OTTT

4 s,rs rnsNpEBTED TO W. T. A. GIBSON
4 ma md COSTS BY settling Lu.HEDLf T'ELY
b. ia f.gned. TEBBS d JOHNSON,
Att'ys.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15

nUCKl DUCK just received another lot Of
- 90 and No. | Gotten Duck at
KELLEY Il SYMONDS.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
Pay Up.
DISSOLUTION.

pllUE is hereby given, that the partnership
.heretotore existing between Frederick and
Flore Nolght is this day dissolved by mutual
~ All persons indebted to the late firm, are
Svu en- 10 make payment to Theodore Voight
~ continue the Grocery and Provision busi-
'ne oid stand. Allpersons who have claims
,re @ hrm up to this date will present the
y theodore Voight for payment.
FREDERICK V0TGHT,
THEODORE Y0IGHT.
plcano Nov. 9th, 1855 feb2-I5:4t.
.pW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS. That
ELIZABETH JANE MITCHELL, wife of David
,l' ol 'he town of Volcano in the county of
~ anu state OF California, do hereby declare
IL alld after this date. intend TO carry on
r. III my own name and on my own account !;
nature OF said business will be farming.
r6or 4, mining raising and trading in stock, and
6osy,uls 6ioa business as may be connected Herewith
onsa,s invested IN this business is less than
l''uu uoiiars and that this declaration is
tho o,ua snu ny virtue of an act of the Legisla-
nla'e OF California, entitled :. An act TO
ne Married women 10 transact business In
ES52. SUN raaers' passed April 18th,
A. D. 1856. ''' -s' u"' " re"
ELIZABETH J. MITCHELL, IL. 81
I'M. .Uoa6l.d,FoRNIA, o6., Amador County, S.
g -S'h i.1 day Of February, A. d. 1856, before
no.' Sonllson, Notary Public in and for said
n pvrsonaIiy Nc appeared the said Elizabeth Jane
h. ;n5 S,ie Gl David Mitchell, and to me known
egoinn ,%u. vidlai descsibed in and who executed
IA 9Ss syap,, elaration, and acknowledged to me
5tbont0 a inc same freely and voluntarily,
nomoS coercion, for the uses and purposes
and andy whereof have hereunto set my hand
wear ainAed ahl my Notarial Seal, the day and
/. G, JOHNSON. Notary Public.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15

siNTS. Ginghams, BIeachcd Goods, &c, now
opening KELLEY SlMONDS.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15

he LANES all Wool aud figured lust received
IL AZ KELLEY & SYMONDS.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
DIR. l.. j. Czapkay's
GRAND MEDICAL AND SURGICAL INSTITUTE
1R-HORY HALL BUILDING,

Corner Of lHoatgomery and Sacramcnf0 SIS,
San Francisco
ESTABLISHED FOR THE PERMANENT CURE OF ALL PRI-
vATE AND CHRONIC DISEASES, AND THE SUPPRESS
SION OF QUAcKEEY.
nR. L. J. CZAPKAY, late in the Hungarian
II Revolutionary War. Chief ysician to the 10th
Regiment Of Honveds, Chief Surgeon to the Militia
ry Hospital of Pesth, Hungary and late lecturer on
Diseases of Women and Children.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
store for Sale,

store for Sale,
TN adesirable location on Stony Point, Volcano.
i The present owners being about to leave Tor the
Atlantic States, offer to sell on reasonable TERMS
For further particulars amply at the Store.
noy3 J. 4 BUTTERFIELD x co.
z If
USRENCM BRANDY-for medical purposes for
Il sale nj CLUTE'S.
C,UORT and Long Rubber Boots, a superior arti-
Dele, for sale low at CLuTE'S.
ID UDBER Gloves, genuine article, for sale at
IL CLURES.
L,REsH CRANBERRIES- received at
l. feb CLuTES
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
BOOKS AND STATIONERY.

J. J. LECOUNT, (successor to Lecount q
y Strongly Wholesale and Retail Dealer il
BOOKS, STATIONERY, PERIODICALS, NEWS
PAPERS &c a.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15

ERENCM BRANDY-for medical purposes
L sale nj CLUTT
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15
NOTICE.

CANDLEs-by the box, at s7a cents per ID at
~ CLUTE'S.
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15

GINGER wINE-Turner's Ginger Wine, ~. ,v-r.
1arcle. for sale cheap al tii ~
Volcano weekly ledger., 1856-03-15

CORNER BRICK BASEMENT EMPIRE BLOCK, oPPosr
THE EMPIRE HorEL,)