The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1856-01-03

the uued States but that he had always made answer 70
him. Athat be wGs not authorized 70 ofer advice
ID would thus seem the authority Of the United States
government ITSELF that up 10 the end VI 1913 the United
States government had made remark remonstranee
to Great Britain on the subject % her protectorate OF Mos
quito and that with respect 10 the capture OF
Juan dc kicaragua now called Greytown) the United
States minister ID London not authorized 70 take any
steps concerning IL even 70 afford 10 the commissioners
from Nicaragua the benefit Of his counses and good Office
ihereupon aud Is bat right 70 observe that The United
States government pursued, by this towards hei
Majesys government that friendly and copsdeate policy
which her Majesys always wishes TO puTsoe
and has pursued towards the United States
when that government has had differences with other pow
era With regard 10 the grounds on which her Majesys
government made the capture Of San Juan de Nicaragua
Ia 1885, the desire OF her Maestys government avoid all
subjects Of controversy which Il Is absolutely neces
sary 10 enter restraints from here adverng TO the docu-
ens which stated Tho reasons hich her Majesty gov
srnment 70 the resolution il at that time adopted
and Indeed those documents laid before Parla-
Inent and communicated officially 70 the United States
goyernment il would be saPeraous nov 70 recahfuiale
their contents .. =
With regard to The doctrine laid down by Mr. President
Monroe ia 1929 concerning the future colonization OF the
American conlaents by European States as an internal
toBal axiom which ought regulate the conduct OF Euro
pean States it only be viewed as the dctum OF the dis
tnguished parsonage who delivered III but her Majesty
government cannot admit thai doctrine international
axiom which ought to regulate the conduct OF European
States The doctrine with regard the ncapaey Of the
Indians exercise the rights osoveregn powers must also
remain doctrine which each State which has 10 deal
With such Indians must be free 10 exercise its own policy
and follow the dicatt Of its conscience II is GER
tanly true that Great B Main, SPAIN and the United States
ALL time 70 the habit OF treating the Indian
races in the which Mr. Buchanan describes bet this
past practice though general cannot be taken inya
rabe guide for any future policy The period has not yet
passed beyond the memory OF which Great Britain
and the United Staes noby distinguished in sup
pressing the slave trade practsed and encouraged that
trade, and deemed il legitimate.
The project Of free republic composed chiefly Of ne
groes from the United States and originally established
under the enlightened and humane patronage Of the United
States would have been deemed fifty age absurd
and impossible chnera yet Liberia exists and -four
ishes an independent State s..
Already Great Britain, in her dealings with In
dams has recognised their rulers Independent chiefs
whilst her treaties with foreign powers she has spoken
their tribes nations and stipulated for the restoration
their possessions Thus all the aforementioned topics
her Majesy government without seeking to impose any
opinions the United States government claims righ
10 hold its opinions; nor indeed, does il appear
necessary, although doubtless il would be desirable that
her Majestys government and the United States govern
ment should be perfectly agreed with respect them The
remaining subject 10 be discussed is however Of very
different character II relates question in which Grea
Britain and the United States both directly concerned
and in regard TO which il a matter both OF honor and
interest that they should avoid a misunderstanding
disagreement This subject is the rghttu Interpretation OF
treaty engagement which Great Britain and the Uni
ted States parties.
Mr. Buchanan lays it down a fact that Great Britain
held the sovereignty OF the Mosquito coast prior to 1850
and he then states that Great Britain still continues 10 hold
this sovereignty although the treaty OF 1850 prohibits her
from doing. But Mr.. Buchanan conouuds the two
conditions of sovereignty and OF and under
this error treats the agreement Ano 10 COLOMBO occupy
nor oriy assume exercise dominion over in
Guiding an agreement not TO protect ..
With respect 10 sovereignty, Great Britain claim
ed and does claim hold, any sovereignty in
Mosquito; but with respect the proecorate which
Great Britain has long exercised Mosquito her Males
tvs government that the treaty Of 1850 did and
not meant TO, annbilae such protecorate, but simply
TO contne its powers and limit its influence. Is.
Now the spirit of treaty must always be inferred from
the circumstances under which il takes place. and the
construction of treaty be deduced from the literal
meaning Of The words employed in its framing. The cir
under which The treaty Of 1850 took place
the following:
Up 10 March, ls49-s g. whole year after the cap
OF San Juan de Nicaragua by the British orcethe
United States government made observation il has
already been stated the British government having any
ausion TO this act But in November ls89 Mr. Lawrence,
then just arrived in England the representative OF the
United States government addressed 10 Lord Pal
Inerson not asking question the British protec
torate of Mosquito but requesting know whether her
Majesys government would join with the United States
In guaranying tue neutrality OF shipcanal railway,
other communication between the oceans 10 be open
to The world and common TO al naon and whether the
British government Intended TO occupy coIonze Nicar-
aqua Costa Rca, the Mosquito coast called any
part OF Central America To this Lord Pamerson
replied by stating that her Majesty government had no
intention 10 occupy colombo Nicaragua Costa ca
the Mosquito coast any part OF Central America and
that her Maesys would feel great pleasure in
combining and cooperating with The government Of the
United States for the purpose Of assisting the operations Of
company which might be formed with a view csab-
lish general communication by canal railroad
the isthmuses separating the northern and southern por
uons Of the American continent both by offering security
for the works While in progress and when completed and
in and by placing such communication through the
OF political arrangements beyond the reach Of
lesation, disturbance obstacle by Of interna-
tona disputes which may any time aey arise
upon the conditions moreover, that such Communication
should at all times be open and accessible for the com
mercc OF all nations and equal terms for all These
horoscopes OF which hereunto annexed Of great
fnpnr laf4 tksE
Subsequent convention of Washington whilst they explain
the nature Of the feelings entertained that BY
United Stats and by The government Of her
Majesty 1t clear that the United States government
which had regarded the affairs Of Central America not
before with comparative indifference had had It's attention
lately called TO this part Of the world by its acquisition Of
California and tue discovery Of the which that region
found to conaincircums,suces which rendered OF
importance safe and rapid means OF
ton between the possessions OF The United States on the
Pacific and the possessions Of the United States the
1antic A project Of canal communication, moreover
through the State and Lake Of Nicaragua and the river
San Juan then in contemplation and Nicaragua had
granted 10 company Of American citizens whatever
rights II possessed over the proposed line Of traffic
Great Briiain however by having placed people under
her protection in possession of the port and Of San
Juan de Noangua might exert her influence either "a
prevent This canal being formed or she allowed bc
formed might aim through her proiecorsie at acquiring
over such canal peculiar rights or absolute control
The government Of The United States was therefore lust
" anxious 10 know whether the British government would
favor impede the construction Of canal by the river
san Jusn and whether II would attempt establish pre-
dominant and permanent power this canal by colon
zng ort ing occupying taking absolute possession
OF the country through which II passed
The If Great Rwfain