The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-01-16
OHIO Politics.

INAUGURAL UF dOVERSOH CdASk-HIS IDEAS ON
THE NEBRASKA BILL ETC., ETC.
Hon. Salmon +. Chase was ia4iguralei Governor Of
Ohio on the 18th inst and thereupon delivered inau
gurel ADDRESS, in which he says
Your first aud most earnest attention. gentlemen,
will doubtless be directed to imoortaut tccs within
the Immediate sphere your legislative po but
cannot 10 get that you present sovereign State OF
the American Unicn third o. the thrtyone, Ia wealth,
and power, ana population, and second to in pat
otic devotion to the welfare Of the whole country The
appointment of Senator represent the in one
branch Of the American Congress- devolves upon you
anu III msAiLe TINS sppointment you WIN necessarily
be lequh ed to consider The interests OF Ohio
Der of the Union.
Foremost among these interests is the preservation
the Union itself. Established by the wisdom of our fa
theirs for the sublimest and MODEST lical ends l. de
sends 10 q sacred trust. unier It's benign iniu
country has steadily advanced fro strength
strength and from greatness to greatness her
borders, eplargng her RESOURCES aul augmsatiug her
power until the name of Ame rcan ctz on has become .
nobler distinction the of citizen ia
the proudest days OF the mghest republic Of antq
To maintain the integrity OF this Unod; to defend tn.
Invasion from whatever quarter those American nsu
II which the Union and the constitution u.s.
have been, and trust wilt be- lodged
sacred obligations BY the people of O1io
Cherfrfng those sentiments and ever prepared to give
full proof Of unwsvering fidelity them, it not oay
shall be duly regarded in the administration Of the
general government. Few STATES contrib largely
TO the national revenues owo. The people Of Ohio
have paid to the federal vernment TO its gran
for the soil which they occupy and cuivae, than
thirty millions of dollars OF the revenue derived from
plumbers. As the population Of STATE is about
tenth Of the entire 20 puaion Of the Union, pay
about oneenth of that revenue Its entire amount Tor
the last year exceeded sixty millions Of dollars rne
portion of Ohio was Of course six millions
While have thus paid for the very soil we live on
an amount which no other people has paid under
like circumstances, under any circums ,es and
while still contribute thus amply and freely the
onuua revenue, it is agreeable reflection that Of
all the States in which the general government has
sertsc proprietary right to The SOIL Ohio seived
the least in grants Of lands for education improvement
thnrl lin ,,Ia
pended Tor the protection aud benefit of the
coasts Of the republic, the property aod lives of
our own people are exposed to Continual peril and
enormous loss upon our rivers and our lakes
for ,he want Of comparatively insignificant 40 sra-
lions tor the Improvement Of their channels add hsrbors
The mi sce OF unequal grants OF lands Is perha be-
yond remedy but 1t will DO fault 1t rivers
and haroors continue to be tnus neg ected.
While in these ana many other important details Of ad
Drisration the Interests Of State deeply
by the action OF the ioual vernmeut are
more vitality concerned in the great principle by
which that &C ion ard the progressive Development Of
our country are regulated and controlled
As man is than his circumst ancss, freedom ia
better than wealth, rights important ia
institutions il becomes look veil to the unameo
tai ideas which determine the character Of government
and the course Of its practical operation.
The basis Of American nsituions is the democratic
principle of equality among They rest upon the
solid foundation Of popular consent. The primary objects
Of their establishment are the defence and protection of
personal rights they fail to these ends, Is
the duty OF the people who establish to amend or change
them. To o. gapize and administer government upon
these principles is the true work of republican people,
While the democratic idca thus constitutes the basis
OF American institutions various xeptons under the
pressure OF real supposed exgencies have been ad
mitted to s universal ppcaon Among these slavery,
the creature Of despotsm and the deadly oppoe OF de-
mccracy, claims baIeful p confluence.
When country asserted her indepen5ence slavery
existed in oil the States Its evil influences, social and
political wefe however well eersood, and It's iriecon
the principles OF just government was Universally ac'
knt wledged.
The founders of the republic in framing our institu-
lions careful rive national this
po'entous anomaly bat they attempted 10 interference
VIII LIS existence IN the States Outside Of stase limits
left 1t to the exclusive disposition OF Satcs iame1i-
ately concerned No fact Is better established by the
earlier period Of history Of an almost universal
pectaiion that slavery excluded by posi- I've Pohoition
rom all national territory, would gradually but Ger s
principles of the Declaration Of Independence, aud
through the action Of the state authorities disappear
wholly from every state Of the Union. The foremost
champions Of ecom we're citizens Of slave States and
occupied the highest stations in the State and national
In 1854 Immediately after the partial adjustment of
the conflict between the claims of the Union and the pre-
nsons of the States In respect to tho territory between
tho Aeghanies and the Mississippi through the csson,
BY Virginia. Of the territory northwest Of the Ohio ecr
proposed to provide forever against the extension Of
1900 Il any territory csdsd or be cedsd or in ' any
State to be created out OF such territory This propo cd
prohibition received the votes OF sixteen Of twenty
three delegates and Of six out Of nine States In the Con-
gress Of the confederation. j. failed to become law by
Of that provision Of the articles of confederation
which made the concurrence of at least seven
States necessary to affirmative decision OF
any question. The great majority in It's favor indi-
catcs, however, the prevalent sentiment Of the time,
three years later the ordinance Of 1887 impressed upon
the so Of the territory northwest Of the Ohio nde
bic prohibition of slavery That ordinance adopted
by the unanimous votes OF all the sstos In Congress- 1t
covered every inch Of territory sutsct to tho exclusive
regulation Of tire general government.
In the year the national constitution framed
Mr. Madison declared It wrong admit In the cons-
tuition the idea that there could be property In man."
No such word slave slavery found place In any Of
its provisions All recognition Of thu rightfulness OF
elaYcholding and an national sanction Of the practice