The south-western. [volume] (Shreveport, La.) 1852-1870, 1856-08-20

but it may be done by consul at the place OF then
embarking, where they are known. They land inoul
ports, escape the vigilance of police pass into the
interior States and become cuseand burdento the
people, who have power to protect themselves
cept through the instrumentaty of the congress Of
the United States The necessity no one will deny
As to the power, shall content myself BY reading
opinions of the judges of the supreme court of the
States. / will read from opinion delivered by Mr.
| justice Wayne. He says:
"Theacts of New FORK and Massachusetts, imposing
tax upon passengers, either foreigners or citizens
coming into the ports of these States etherin foreign
vessels vessels of the United States, from foreign
tions from ports in the United States unconsh
tutiona and void being their nature regulations o
commerce. contrary to the grant in the constitution to
congress to regulate commerce with foreign nations
and among the several States
| He says further:
"The ninth section of the first article of the eonsti
tuition includes within it the migration of other per
sons, well as the Importation OF slaves and IN terms
recognises that other persons, well slaves, may
be the subjects Of importation and commerce.
Mr. justice Mclean says: .a
"a tax or duty upon tonnage, merchandise, or pas
sengers is aregulaon of commerce. and cannot be laid
State except under the sanction of congress and
for the purposes specified In the constitution. On the
subject of foreign commerce. including the transporta
ton of passengers, congress have adopted such regu
latons they deemed proper, taking invew our rea
tions with other countries And this the whole
ground. The act of New York which imposes a tax
on passengers Of ship from foreign port in the
manner provided Is regulation of foreign commerce,
which is exclusively vested in congress; and the act
is therefore void. =
thorty of chief Justice Marshall, and &c later date
the authority Of majority of the supreme court OF the
United States which deem sufficient to justify me,
with Ill my strict construction notions to exercise IT.
am not tenacious of the mode indicated BY this bill
# any will propose better remedy, snai giaa-
" adopt it. If the senate diner with upon all the
other features Of the bill trust they will strike them
out and adopt this, it's perhaps the greatest evil
and the country is united in its favor. but s'
am told the remedy propose is insufficient 1or me
purposes contemplated. can only say that pro- +,
pose as experiment If it shall be tried and ian
would be in favor Of per capita tax upon foreign
| ers which would effect the purpose. But, SIR, 90
think that such law proposed by this bill would
curtal the immigration to most beneficial extent
What have you seen? The mmig grafton last year was
not half that of the preceding year, and the greater
portion Of that falling off attribute to the mere agl-
tation of this question know it is said that the Eu-
ropean has had that effect; but if you will look to
the arrivals you will find the falling off almost as
great from portions of Europe not affected by the war
as In those portions directly engaged IN IT. The mass
in Europe do not understand the character OF our
controversy this subject An extract from the Dub
lin Telegraph will explain the influences which con-
troll immigrants. 1t is this:
CAS- to the Irish people themselves they really want
something more substantial and more beneficial to
public. The Irish have had two bitter experiences OF
a republican their country, subjects OF an
English republican government; in the United States,
subjects of the great American republic In both
they have remorseless, ruthless pltiless per-
secution-here from the knownohings; there from the
Cromwellians. The Irish aware that under re-
publican form of government, there may and can be
safety for bishops, priests. monks, or nuns This
is the Irish experience of republican form of govern
ment Why should they expose themselves to all the
cf oSx- fa hpIpu cD tv
their country" tt
1t seems to that we something to posterlty.
When alluded to this subject at the last session the
idea Of saving unoccupied territory for our des-
cendants, was very greatly ridiculed by the public
press. Let that pass.
In twenty five wears from this time our present popu-
laton will be doubled without the aid Of foreign inn
migration. Double our present population, properly
dispersed territory, and you have the whole
as densey settled is consistent with the independ
ence prosperity, and happiness of the people. dc
not desire to country densey settled some
of the European governments; it would not promote
individual prosperity the general good; on the con
trary, whoever may witness it will see the same pau
perism, crime degra dation, and human misery which
abound in the old world. That may not stand alone
that subject will read short exractfrom speech
of Mr.. Clay:
"What he asked, had they seen? A proposition
made by honorable senator from Maryland {Mr
Merrick to limit the preemptons to citizens of the
any body say after that naked vote of the senate that
it had not become the permanent policy of the country
to go inviting all the hordes of Europe to
and partake Of this bounty derived from ancestors
and which we should preserve for our posterivy."
But have been told to let the foreigners and
settle western wilderness and when we need more
for children grandchildren will take from
/ Mexico think are under more obligations even
to the Indians, whom we found here than are to
the foreigners many of them the descendants of the
war; at all events the Objectionable class to which
have heretofore alluded. trust, however, that this
government will not form deliberate plan to supply
its wants BY robbery and MURDER which wants to
be brought about by mistaken liberaty to aliens.
agree with Mr. Crawford, when he said
1T will rebound more to the national honor to in
corporate by humane and benevolent policy the ma
tiYes OF forests the great American family 81
freedom than to receive with open the fugtives
Of the old world, whether their fight has been the eff
feet. OF their crimes or their virtues. e
know it is said that the States have the right tc
control the votes &c. and therefore to extend the time
would have noeffeet. am not going into an argu.
ment against the rights Of the States. know they
have theonly right to determine the qualification Of
voters in every respect yet submit that they should
conne the elective franchise to citizens Of the United
! States. have not heard Mr.. Calhouns argument
successfully answered though have often heard it at
tempted. Is there no limit? am told there is none
Then Wisconsin may authorise the residents Of Cana
da who may happen to be in it's counties on the day
Of election tovoe their members Of the legislature
and thereby make the subjects of Great Britain eligi
Bile TO vote ID presidential elections If States
may authorise inhabitants not citizens of the United
States to vote in their elections they may establish
one days residence as sufficient; and the party that
will import the greatest number of paupers and Eu-
ropean serfs into the States will carry the presidential
election If the States possess this power it has been
exercised but by few and it is to be hoped that they
will soon reform it. If they do not, they will be the
greatest sufferers, Ny friend from Maryland (Mr
Pearce) said:
sFor my own part,I cannot conceive any reason why
this rrviegeswhich peculiarly belongs to citizenship
should be extended to those who are not citizens
part Of political sovereignty; it to to be
the essential duty Of citizen but of one else
exercise that power. Tt is at war with the principles
of all government tt to to confer upon those
who not citizens the power to control the govern
ment, through the right of suffrage. That right be
longs only to those who members of the body poll
tic; and foreigner be until he has by natrr
asation entered into the compact which constitutes
him one Of the political community"
have shown, Mr. president, the Importance of this
measure to the north. have been told, however thai
the south had comparatively interest in this ques
ton while the north is injured in every point of view
The south has an interest equal to her existence
more important and vital, if possible, than tht
4 4 r .=