New-York daily tribune., 1856-08-01
LITERARY INTELLIGENCE.

m An Eastern road has q mac Zoe Tor e4nloltlng
to the ph&ecptrs the pane Of TIE next station Alter
I.aying each station the brakeman pulls wire which
ir,pAa wheel and shows the next name, and at the
same time ri q bell 10 attract atteotion to 1t. 1t
would appear 10 be a decided convenience.
Pt'Ri1Y OF WATER The State chemist Of New
JeIsey has been sDslJ zug the water of the Dda-
ware River, and found each gallon TO contain 81
Srsins OF impunue "a very small amount as CON.
patd with NEST nveIs On testing il, however,
after having been pumped ap and allowed to settle in
the reservoir, the amount instead of being less,
fuIc TO have Increased to 81 grains. He asodbts
this TO the increased growth of minute animals and
rlsnts, and objects the employment of large open
reservoirs. on this account.
SHir.qn', JsuynaIcf Science from which we con
dense the above does not Ocae the reservoir but we
imagine to be Kens ngton in Philadelpht-the watec
there, pumped up by steam from the Delaware, h4v-
ing been within weeks SO offensive in smell al
meet to compel It's disuse. The Philadelphia Ledger
aludes to the fact of people in that section of the
city gtng TO the river with casks, in preference to
drawing iron the MIGRANTS.
DURABILITY OF STONE "A committee have been
SSperin. at Washington to ascertain the effect
of westhpr the marble of which the extt nson to
the Capitol Is being constructed. They fud, that
aftcT every neeZIg ana tndWinR, q I-0UU,VVVtn
OF sD Bch thick ceayes of from the surface 80 that
flowing fifty frt Iii q aid thsWmgs for every Win
ter it wou require 10000 yeas for the surice OF
the BUILDING TO be- exfoiat,d d one inch by this cause
The stone is from LIE, Mass
GARDIEER's CoSIcAL VoLUTE CAR.SPRISe The
nanu'acfuIe Of voute springs, composed Of
stout steel ribbon ro ed up such to offer
resistance by friction the fee vertical play of
he las bep pomm I'd on I'M ifa pxta apsjv
scale, in q and spacious building erected for the
yurE ose, on I've ty sixth street, in this city The
metal strip of good cast stee about five feet loog
Al inches WIDE AID l4th Of inch thick, is coiled
loose but accurately in the form of low or
sugar loaf the loao bearing constantly upon the post
apex. powerful steam engine, capaoods heating
furnaces and expensive and sdmirahly coGtrVed ma
Chuery afford facilities for manufacturing the springs
at a very ispld rate. The machinery invented
and patented by mr p G.. Gardner of this city. The
springs have been very carefully tested in ingenious
apparatus constructed the purpose, and found to
SIbi pit the admirable quality of sprDgiog nearly
equ4ny with any given cODcdssOn whatever may be
4he load supported The vertical motion of the load
Is considerably gr aer we think, than is usually Oh
ta.Dtd with either the rubber or the elhptc4 steel
spng now generally employed, aud the compact
affair to possess oil the strength elasticity and
ft edcm Of action that possibly be desired. The
degree of durability of these sp ngs of any others
Con OF course only be ascertaned by actual experience
Iron RAILROAD CAR.-Messrs. Passavaut & Archer,
The constructors of several Of finest wrought iron
tiussro'f-, bridges the hike have just completed
fulsize box frtlght for the Psnama Railroad-
the body, trucks and rpnnpg parts of which made
wholly of iron, with the exception Of boards in the
floor. The sides und top are light wIOugh-iron bars
4 ii
Iroviced with L. raiges patent adj lstsble brake
blO,ks and vita r. G GARDENERS compound volute
spirg. The car was designed by Mr Passavabt of
the sbOve-bamed firm and weighs only Is 700 lbs
ordinary wooden of the usually weigh
ing from l6. 500 TO IL COO lbs
Hollow AxLEs-A manufactory of Hollow Rail-
loao Car Axles is about beirg commenced in Twenty
sixth stree, near the establishment late the Chelsea
Lon-woks Heavy machinery is being put in and
IT l. intended that the American shall full equal the
English manufacture light tuoe is now fully
proved TO be much stronger and more durable than
solid axle Of the ssme weight; and, but for the high
prce rendered necessary by the difficulty of construct
ing them hollow axes would at be generally
acop'ed For passenger business, we maintain that
cosi shou OF be allowed to exercise any influence.
The rest should be employed without hesitation; and
Vt hope to every passenger car supported on
tubes Of sound sb6 wrll-worked iron, unless some
thing still better shall be discovered. We have not
leaned the pice proposed for the American article,
but believe be foreit axles, of which quite num-
Der ere Low running in this country, cost about four
times much az the solid.
MATERIAL PRooRTss oF TEXAs.-Among The
Se;es where Slavery is legally and socially enforced,
Tees appears to be the most rapidly progressing.
The average value Of assessed land is now s. ~; in
1.52 it was Only e. lc The total value of land
te-sed n 1852 s3a 600 OOO now is s5s OoO,oOCi
a negroes s2s 600, 600 now s53 600 OOO Of horses
ard cattle ss OOO, 900, now sl7OoO,OOO.
READY MADE CLoTHISG.-The value Of the ready
made garments sold by Wholesale in the city Of New
Nolk in 1853 reached nearly to 100000 600 including
mems ard boys. The amount sold in the MAN.
IN le4l only 81 5000 The average earn.
ings OF females IN sewing hs work j. calculated to
le about o. 80 per week
CARRIAGE MAKING There are about l. $50 persons
AID e745Ooo wort Of capital employed in carriage
making in the two cities VI New Haven and Bridge
poIt, Conn, alone Some has proposed 10 change
the name Of the latter city to Coaehpo on account
a. the prominence Of this bnsn.ss
RUSSIAN RAILROADS Russia has but two railroads
both built and worked very extravagan,ly by the
Government One Of 100 miles leads from Warsa.
10 the Prussian frontier; the other Of 400 miles con
meets 81. Petersburg and Moscow. The latter rosi
COST about sI75 900 per mile, not account Of en-.
yint erine dficolaes-for the country is eye-but by
the swkwsrdpets and corruption OF its management.
Count OrIof told the railway projectors in Paris that
the railroads Of Russia would in future be built by
pi,ate companies, but Government would prescribe
- 49,. MO at nm Gor