The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-11-23

session in so distinguished a msnner-he strove to
overcome the orator1cal difficulties which embar-
rsseeo him. and he st cd trembling before the giants
OF talent and popularity OF those Gays the Vascon-
ce)los. toe Limos CounnhOs the LUZ Cavalcantis,
the Paula soozes and the hest Of other distinguish
ed zen VINO were tben at the head of an immense
popular party.
The situation was a critical one, and It was i'm
possible for 1t TO last The liberal Chamber was the
expression of toe country or rather the country
more advanced in liberal ideas than the chamber
under the influence OF secret societies. and filled with
hatred against tie court, received With greedy ap-
planse, he watch WORD OF federalism, invented and
put forth TO authorize manifestation Of votes for
republic.
struggle against the Chamber was out OF the ques-
tioh for the country woujG have returned Cham
stih more hostile c0ercive measures against the
country were impossible, for the army the only
available force under such circumstances WAS in.
fected by the popular hatred against the court
thus the Only alternative left the government was to
abdicate.
Later, when the Chamber had to elect regency
Of three persons, our young deputy, Caneiro Leao,
who bad taken no active part in the last
struggle, began already to exercise his influence
over hs colleagues, Tor he one of those who
brought about the successful combination by which,
with the General who had be- n ut the head Of the
revolution Of april and who Vas favorte with
the troopt. two deputies were associated, Costa
CaIvsho, OF 5. Paulo, and BraDl0 MuniZ, Of Maran-
mao, cODCnlhtDE, Dy tniB measure, the pretenSlOnS
and influences of the North and OF the South, and
preserving the unity OF the empire.
In the meantime, matters were becoming more
and more complicated, In consequence OF the rey0-
lutionsry mania which continually threatened the
public order in Rio De Janeiro. Peruambuco Bahia
and elsewhere The government. struggling against
the spirit 0f disorder which infested the streets the
conveDtcies and the press, found, in the Chamber
OF Deputies, point OF support ever contested by
the violent discussions OF minority composed of
the moss illusrious orators; in the Sena this mi
n0rity had grown to an almost unanimous majority.
Yielding to the impatience caused by so many ad-
versaries, the government DESTROYS, in concur
renee with its majority in the Chamber, to effect
coup detat, which by promptly satsfy ing the wish.
es OF the people by means OF reform OF the const
tuition, would appease the exigencies Of the popu-
lace and at the same time get rid OF the Senate and
repress the minority in the Chamber.
| ; In effect on the 30th Of July, all arrangements
having been made, the Minister of Justice presented
| himself before the Chamber of Deputies, and de-
msnGed, in the pane Of four thousand peaceful
inhabitants subjected to the continual sacrifices OF
active military service, measures Of public safety.
Carneiro LeaO joined at hat moment the minority
| of the Chamber Many others did the same, con-
| WINGED, by the imminence Of the danger of the
immense responsibility they we're assuming by
aiding the coup d'etat. The minority was trans
gave in his Dismissal; the rest Of the ministry
followed him; the regents themselves Joined them.
The Chamber refused to accept their resignation,
and showed them the possibility. Of organizing q
The promoter Of all these events the glorious and
energetic representative who, in this way, saved the
constitution of the State, and with it the peace OF
the country-was Honorio Hermeto Carneiro Leao.
But to assume the reins Of government. Carneiro
Leao felt that the moment was not yet arrived sue
mad been gained by his Intervention bat II was
that of the minority Of the Chamber, and Carner0
Leao did not belong TO it, but was the man of the
majority. ministry formed out Of the most
eminent members Of the minority, which was known
under the name Of the ministry Of the forty days.
(hfinisteri0 aos quarenfd deas)
Indeed, IL had not, nor could it have longer
existence ts duration depended upon the majority
covering itself from the confusion and disorder into
which the untowaTd attempt of the Both July had
thrown it. Az soon as the confusion ceased, the
majority desired To have ministry Of their own,
AID Carreiro Leao was de jure the minister whom
| they decided To present.
! The first ministry Of the Marquee de Parana was
not brilliant, could II be so he had to struggle
against the less talent and liz will Of those
whose plans he bad thwarted.
His position minister was still more c0npi
Gated by the insunection which bSrst out at that
! time in the province Of MiDas, which had elected
him as their Deputy. Friends and relations OF his
bad been implicated IN 1t; caumny proftted OF this
circumstance to direct against the minister those
weapons of suspicion and mstrust inseparable from
party tactics in tines OF ardent civil disse nsons
| The revolution OF Minas was the pretext and the
cause Of the withdrawal from the ministry OF Car
| metro Leao. He was succeeded by the ministry Of
| Aurelano, and the powerful rule Of the famou
| Sociedadt DetsnsoTa.
| Under the pressure Of these caumnies and ami.
mosities the deputy Csrneiro Leao forced to re-
tire. To know when to wait Is the mark OF clever
politician. CaTneiro Leao waited and gave the waves
| time to suhside. The reformed Chamber of 1884
! was destined to raise him again to power.
Indeed. In that Chamber, without taking into ac-
| count individual opinions like those of the new
| deputy Rodrgues Torres. (to-day visconde de IL
boraby hostile to all ideas Of reform, there were
outside Of two parties corresponding to Opinions
had as chiefs the liberals deputed from the South;
the other minority, In which the first ground was
occupied by the deputies Of Pernsmbuco, at whose
| head stood Sr Hollanda CsraIcanti (now visconde
/ Araujo Viannon tnow Visconde de Sspucahy) and
Others formed the centre Of what then was called
! the Ma,oma (the oable.)
vided the majority and minority, the Maroma al
ways inclined to moderate opinions; masters Of the
votes they would not consent 10 those extreme
sures which would endanget the constitution Of the
State beyond remedy. They protected Il both
! against the democraticfederxist mania which was
| menacDg Il, and against the numberless utopian
plans Of an inexperienced constitaent assembly.
Dhring the discussions Of the supplemental act
the deputy Carneiro Leao acquired that extremely
difficult part OF his parliamentary skill which later
constituted OF his most admirable qualities, that
Of enrolling and dscp;ining the different groups Of
deputies, In order TO make himself master Of the
| votes.
Constitutional reform being voted, the country
sank into q state OF marasmus and enfeeblement,
| whce lasted during the remainder of 1894, aud
during the year following when the law Of
| reform was just In execution, and the regent
elected according 10 the supplemental ACT But M
| soon rs the reform began TO be practically studied
and appreciated At th. core Of the session OF 1885,
under the patronage OF the deputy OF Pcrnambuco,
Louis Cavacart the idea Of the constitutional re
gency Of Senhora ID. Fanuaris was put forth and o
| new opposition gsnized.
This began the work Of the session OF 1886; the
| mn NJ rcU of fbo Fam ria