The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-12-01

and they with all their tricks it will be the first
duty of Mr.. Buchanan to put down.
European AHairs-The Hitch In the Treaty
OF Paris.
The recent treaty Of Paris was patched up in
such hurry that it was soon found to contain
several considerable loop-holes. The English
nation was most unquestionably displeased at
the sudden termination of war which pro-
duced SO little positive advantage to Europe
or Turkey, and would have preferred a
longer struggle, in order that the triumphs Of in
PREVENTION might have been complete The
doubts which the treaty of Paris produced in
the English mind have been fully justified by the
equivocal conduct Of Russia in carrying out its
stipulations. The disputed frontier line Of Bessa
rabia, and the several attempts to obtain posses
sion of the Isle of Serpents at the mouth of the
Danube, will most probably require reimbursement
at the meeting Of the next Congress; for we do
not perceive that the five Commissioners who
were TO have the Danubian arrangements under
their control have yet done anything whatever
to settle the veyed questions.
The pressing difficulties just now appear to be
the frontier line of Bessarabia and the true ioca
ton of the town Of Bolgad, as well as the right
to an island of the delta Of the Danube, at its
entrance into the Black Sea, usually called the
Isle Of Serpents. All at once the great Euro
pean diplomatists have taken to the study of
geography and the art of making maps Count
Orlof, who for a long time suffered under the
suspicion OF having poisoned the Emperor Alex
ander and three or four Of his distinguished
friends bat has nevertheless made a
great figure in Russian affairs, brought
a beautiful map with him 10 Paris, which
appears to have passed without challenge,
and to have been made the basis OF the whole
action Of the Congress, Now II is discovered that
geography is n science of considerable value and
that without knowledge Of Technology, battles
may be fruitless, and blood poured forth in vain.
If Russia can thus, by means of her map makers,
keep her new Bessarabian line, and reobtain
the Isle Of Serpents the Danube cannot be a free
river, nor the commerce Of the Baltic be safe
from future aggression from Russia. The "sck
man" will have gained but little after all the
assistance rendered him by the Western doctors,
and France, having comparatively little direct
interest in the Danube or Black Sea, will view the
sufferer with decreasing sympathy. The free
navigation Of the river has always been deside-
ratam with the central European Powers; and
now that the magnificent plan Of Charlemagae, to
connect it by a canal with the Rhine, is being
carried out under the auspices Of Bavaria,
making a continuous navigation between the
German Ocean and the Black Sea, the subject
has become one Of intense interest TO the coun-
tries along the line.
The Danube has three principal mouths where
II debouches into the Black Sea-those of Kiia,
Sulina and Georgiewsk but that Of Sulina has
the deepest water, and is, in fact, the only one
accessible for vessels Of much size. The Isle Of
Serpents, which commands the Sulina outlet Of
the Danube, was coded TO Russia In 1929 by the
treaty Of Adrianople, but was understood to
revert to Turkey by the treaty Of Paris If It
does not, then the principal object Of the treaty
has been neutralized.
BY the goth article, Russia consented 10 the rec
tifcation of her Bessaraban frontier, which has
been a constant encroachment on the Moldavian
Principally, with the intention Of finally con-
trolling the outlets of Danubian commerce, and
was by article 2lst, TO cede certain territory to
Moldavia, which was 10 continue under the sove-
reignty Of Turkey. by article 10th, this recti-
fed line started from the Black Sea one mile east
Of Lake Bourna Soula to the Ackermann road;
thence along to the valley Of Trajan, passing
south Of Belgyadt, then re-ascendng the river
Yalpack TO Saratsika, and terminating at Kar-
man ON the river prutb
II now appears that south Of Belgrade" with
its Indebtedness Of expression, meant a good
deal more than met the eye. The diplomates
in Paris may have asked the question whether It
was the famous Belgrade, the great city of Ser
via, on the Danube, oftener won and lost in bat
tie than any other in Europe; but they asked no
more. Count Orlof assured them it was only
mere speck on the map, morass, or a shabby
town with few inhabitants, and so the line was
"rectiied,
But the consequences begin to appear. If the
town Of old or new Bolgrad falls within the
Russian lines, the navigation Of the river be-
comes insecure. Situated at the bottom Of lake
connected with the river, the new town Is con-
sdered port Of the Danube, and 1t carries On