davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01
PEWs-THEIR HISTORY.

In Anglo.Saxon and some Norman churches of
early date,a stone bench was made to protect With
in the wall running round the whole interior ex-
cept the east end.
In 1919 they are represented as sitting on the
ground or standing. About this time the people
introduced low, rude three-lcgged stools promis,
cuously over the church.
Wooden seats were introduced soon after the
Norman conquest. in 1887 n decree was issued
in regard to the wrangling for seats, So common
that none should call any seat in church his own
except noblemeR and patrons, each entering and
holding the one he first entered.
As we approach the Reformation, from 1870 tc
1910, seats were more appropriated, the entrance
being guarded by cross-bars and the initial letter.
engraved on them.
Immediately after the Reformation, the new
system prevailed, as we learn from a complainr
the poor Commons addressed to Henry VIII. II
1916 in reference to his decree that a Bible sboulC
be in every church at liberty for all TO read. be
cause they feared it might be taken into the'ouire
or some 'pue.' In 1908 galleries we're introduced
As early as 1911, pews were arranged to a(Torc
comfort by being baized or cushioned; while IN,
sides around were so high as to hide those within
q device of the Puritant to avoid being seen Inv tb,
officers who reported those who did not stand wbeI
the lame of Jesus was mentioned. The service
were often greatly protracted, so that many woul,
fall asleep. Hence Swilt's pithy allusion
"a bedsteal of the antique mode,
Compact Of timber many a load,
Such as our ancestors did use,
Was metamorphosed into pews;
Which still their ancient nature keen.
By lodging folks disposed to Sleep"
With the reign Of Charles l. the reasons for III
heightening of the sides disappeared.
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01

merous and Jealous in pursuit of him, he finally
succeeded and reached Baltimore in October, lSuZ'
when the the political newspapers along the entire
.seaboard teemed with applause or abuse, llls
property was then worth 10000 sterling. lie soon
visited Washington, and was cordially received by
the President, Thomas Jefferson. lie also rlsteo
the heads Of the departments and the various polit'
ical leaders during his stay. 1t was not long be,
fore he went to New York, between which city ana
New Rochelle he passed the small residue OF his
life.
lie wrote and published many other articles
than those cited; and all Of them obtained a great
degree of n%otoriety. While residing in Broome
street, New York city, he published his examina'
ton Of certain Scripiural prophesies. This was in
1907. In May, 1909, he removed into q small
house in Columbia street; and on the eighth o,
June he died, in full possession Of his mental
faculties, with tranquility and almost without a
struggle, at tho advanced ngo of ~. Ills re-
mains were deposited near New Rochelle. n
beautiful monument marks the spot. His was a
life Of much usefulness and activity. Caiumny
has blistored her relentless hand in tryingto stamp
him MS p%rolane, Incorporate aud mendacious, Inc
real truth appears to be that he was never hahitua-
ted to profanity, to drunkenness, nor to f%alsctood
and that his calumuiators arc unconsciously his
e~ulogists. His motto was
THE WORLD Is NY COUNTRY TO DO GOOD Is Nr RE
LIGION."
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01

The raw materials, also, which it takes up by the
root, like those which cutter by tho leaf, undergo
within the plant numerous successive chemical
changes, by which they are converted into the sub
stance of the plant itself, and are fitted for those
attcr-purposcd, in reference to animal life, which,
in the economy Of nature, the plant fulGls.-
Among the pleasing proofs Of such chemical chan
gcs taking place within the plant, | may mention
the etitets upon the color Of their flowers, which
follow from the application Of certain substances
to the roots of plants. Charcoal powder darkens
aud enriches The flowers Of the dahlin, the rose, the
petunia, ETC.; carbonate of soda rcddens ornmental
hyacinths, and superphosphatc OF soda alters in
various ways the hue or bloom of other cultivated
plants. As the dyer prepares the chemical ingrc-
dents Of the baths in which his stuiis are to be
Dipped, and varies the one with the color he is to
give to the othcr-so within the plant the substan.
ces applied to the root are chemically prepared and
mixed, SO as to produce the new color impaired by
their means to the petals of the flower.
Bot such effects Of chemical art are far inferior,
both in interest and Importance, to those which
protractod nursing have produced on our common
ly cultivated plants. The large and juicy Airing
ham carrot is only the woody, spindly root Of tho
wild carrot DdUcus cqyOta) luxuriously fed. Our
cabbages, cualinowcrs, Kuhl-rahis, and turnips. ia
all their varieties, spring from one or more species
of Brassica, which in their natural state have poor
woody bitter stems and leavcs,nnd useless spindle
shaped roots. Our cultivated potatoe, with all it,
varieties, springs from the tiny and bitter root o
the wild potatoe, which has its native home on thu
sea-shores of Chill and our apples, plums, grapes
and other priced fruits, from well.know n wild anC
little esteemed progenitors. Our gardens arc full
Of such vegetable transformations.
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01
THE PHILOSOPHY OF sNEEzING.

4 snccze always indicates that there is some
thing wrong. 1t does not occur in health unless
some foreign agent %irritates the membranes Of the
nasal passages, upon which the nervous flamcnts
are distributed. In case Of cold, or what is term
cd influenza, these are uuduly excitable, and hence
the repeated sueezings which then occur. The
nose receives three sets Of nerves-the nerves OF
smell, those of feeling, those of motion. The for
mer communicate to the brain the odorous proper
ties of substances with which they come into CON
tact, in a diilused or concentrated state: the second
communicate the impressions Of touch; the third
move the muscles of the nose, but the power OF
these muscles is vevy limited, When a sneeze oc-
ours all these faculties are excited in n high de-
gree. \ grain of snuff cXcitcs the ~olGlctory nerves
which dispatch to the brain the intelligence that
snuff has attacked the n%ostril!" The brain in
stantly sends u mandate through the nerves Of
motion to the muscles, saying, cast it out ~ and
the result is unmistakablc.
So offensive is the enemy bes;eging the nostriI
held to be, that the nose is not left to its own de
fence. 1t were too feeble to accomplish this. An
allied army of muscles join in the rescue, nearly
one-half Of the body arouses against the intruder
from the muscles Of the lips to those Of the abdo.
men, all unite in the effort for the expulsion Of thC
grain of snuff. During this operation the lung
becomes fully inflated, the abdomen organs arc
pressed downwards, and the veil of the palate
drous down to form u barrier to the escape of all
thro the mouth, and now all the muscles, which
have relaxed for the purpose, contract simultane
ouslv, and force the COMPRESSED air from the lung,
in a torrent out thro the nasal passages, with the
benevolent determination to sweep away the par
ticle of snuff which has been causing Irritation
therein. Such, then is the complicated action Of
sneezc: and if the first effort does not succeed
then follows a second, a third and 4 fourth; and no
until victory is achieved, do the army of de(en
ders dissolve their compact, and settle down int,
the enjoyment of peace and quiotude.-JournaL Q
! MedicJL HctyTEl,
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01
SOME EXPERIMENTS ON THE SMOKE
OF TOBACCO.

In trorlep's Journal, of a recent date, an inter
estlng article has been published ON the habit OF
Tobacco Smoking, and on poisoning by nicotine.
Among inc iacts there mentioned, are the expert
ments instituted by NJ. Malapert. a ?harmacien, of
Poltiefs' Ills Intention was 20 ascertain the exact
quantity OF nicotine absorbed by smokers, in pro-
portion to the woighto of tobacco consumed.
inc apparatus used consisted of u stone jar, in
Which the tobacco was made to burn. connected
with n series of bottles communicating by tubes.
The Nottles were either empty or contained some
water mixed or not with a little sulphuric acid.
FROM anew experiments it was found that, in the
SMOKE oil Tobacco extracted by inspiration, there Is
ten per cent. Of nicotine. Thus u man who smokes
a cigar OF the weight of seventy grains, receives
III ms mouth seven grains Of nicotine, mixed with
a niue Watery Vapor, tar, empyreumatic oil, &c.
Although a large portion of this nicotine is reject
cd. ooth by the smoke pulled from the mouth, and
ny the saliva, II portion Of it is nevertheless taken
up by tho vessels Of the buccal and laryngeal nue.
Gus membrane, circulated with the blood, and acts
upon the brain. With those unaccustomed to the
use Oh Tobacco, the nicotine, when in contact with
'h9 latter organ, produces vertigo, nausea, head
acne anu s0mnoience while habitual smokers are
merely thrown into a state of excitement, similar
to that produced by moderate quantities of wine
or tea.
From further investigation it was found that thu
drlcr the tobacco the less nicotine reaches thu
mouth a very dry cigar, while burning, yields {
Ve'y small amount OF watery vaporH; the smoke
cools rapidly, and allows the condensation Of thu
nicotine before it reaches the mouth.
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01
NEW BOOKS,
STATIONERY, WALL PAPER, &C., SC
AT THE
Salem Book Store.

ALL Kinds of Classical, Historical, Poetical,
Political, Theological, Mental, Dental, Law, Sci
entific, Musical, Juvenile and School Books, kept
on hand, or procured to order, at Publishers
Prices.
Foolscap, Commercial, Mercantile and Packet
Post Letter Paper. Commercial Note, Bath Post,
Ladies' Bath. plain and gilt, Fancy Note, Sermon
Paper, Bill Paper, Legal and Record Paper, Legal,
Letter, Note and Fancy Envelopes, of all cclors
and sizes Drawing Papers of all sizes, from Cap
to Double Elephant. One roll of Drafting and
Map Paper, Al feet wide and $50 yards long, cut to
suit. Bristol Boards, Fancy Paper, Arnolds,
Maynard & Noys' Red and Indelible Inks. Gold
and Steel Pens. Whitney's and Silliman's Ink
stands. Port Folios, Port Monnaies, Artists
Liquid Gum, Sealing Wax. Tablets, Penknivos,
Pocket Books, Mathematical Instruments, Tooth
Brushes, Combs, Penholders, Slate Pencils, &c.
Copy Books. Memorandum, Pocket Diaries, and
Blank Books of every descl iption.
Visiting, Printing, Motto and Reward Cards Of
all sizes an colors.
Materials for Artificial Flowers, Pocket Maps
of all the States, Spencer's Penmanship and Copy
Books.
Accordions and Fancy Articles.
Materials for Chenille Embroidery.
Country Dealers supplied with School Books and
Stationery at Wholesale.
Wall Paper with Borders, and Window Paper
in great variety.
Cash paid for any amount of clean linen and
cotton Rags.
The attention of the Public is called to A new
invention, called FORTIN'S BOOK HOLDER,
which enables a person to read, with perfect case,
sitting upright, leaning back, l%ounging on n sofa,
lying down, walking about, or in any other position,
except standing on his head.
J. MCMILLAN.
Salem, Oct, CT, Sjj,-3m.
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01
ANCIENT HOSPITALITY.

IL was once the universal custom to place ale,
or some strong liquor in the chamber Of an honor
ed guest, to s'uaSe his thirst, should he feel any,
on awakening in the night; which, considering
that the hospitality Of that period often reached
excess, was by no means unlikely, 1t is a current
story in Tcyiotlale, that in the house Of an an
cient family of distinction, much addicted to the
Presbyterian cause, n bible was always put into
The sleeping apartment of the guests, along with
Il bottle Of strong ale. On some occasion there
was Il meeting of clergymen in the vicinity
Of the castle. all of whom were invited to
dinner, by the worthy Baronet, and seven of the
reverend guests were allotted to one large barrack
room; which was used on such occasions Of exten
ded hospitality. The butler took care that the
diyines were presented according to custom. each
with a Bible and a bottle Of ale. But after a little
consultation among themselves, they are said to
have recalled the domestic just as he was leaving
she apartment.
"My friend" said one of the venerable guests
''you must know that when we meet together, the
youngest member reads aloud a portion of the
Scripture to the rest; only one Bible, therefore,, is
necessary; take away the other six. and in Their
place bring six more bottles OF ale."-Sr WuiteJ
Scott,
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01
THE PLANTS WE REAR.

The plant derives the whole of it's mineral mat
ter fromthe soil, and an important portion, also, of
that which forms its combustible part. A natural
ly fertile soil contains all these things in sufficient
abundance, and can readily supply them to the
craving roots. The waters which moisten the soil
dissolve them, and the minute hairs suck them up,
and send them through the roots and stems to the
several parts of the plant. The art of manufing
merely supplies to the soil those necessary forms
of vegetable food in which it is deficient and the
effects which follow from the addition of manures,
show how closely the welfare Of the plant is con-
nected with the chemical composition of the soil
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01
pittsburgh &uater- Cure

Drs. FREASE, heretofore of the Sugar Crock
Falls Water-Cure, have opened an Establishment
on the Ohio River and O. & p. Railroad, ten miles
west of Pittsburgh, at ~IlAYSV1LLE STATION,
a place favored by nature and art for a Water Cure
Institution.
Mrs. CELIA p. Richer FREAsE, a graduate of the
New York Hydropathic Institute, and of the
Eclectic Medical College of Cincinnati, will have
charge OF the Female Department, assisted by Tire
other Physicians.
payable weekly in advance. Each rntient should
bring three sheets, two wooden blankets. SIX linen
towels, and two comforts, or we will furnish them
for fifty cents per week.
Address either Of the Physicians. Pittsburgh. Ta
S. FREASE. NJ. u.
II. FREASE, NJ. d.
G. p. II. FREASE, NJ. y.
May II, 1855.
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01
THE ANTESLAVE RT BUGLE.

Y
PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY, AT SALEM, ONO.
TERMS.-Sl,5 so per annum payable in advance.
Or. $500 at the end of the year.
SsS"We occasionally send numbers to those who
are not subscribers, but who are believed to be in
terested in the dissemination of anti-slavcry truth
with the hope that they will either subscribe them
sclves,or use theiriniuence to extend its circulation
among their friends.
BS1nCJmmunications intended for insertion, to
be addressed to MARIus II. ROBINSON. Editor. All
others 10 ANS PEARSON, Publishing Agent.
TERMS OF ADVERTISING.
One Square &c lines) three weeks, $l,0O
I" 4" Each additional insertion, %
I" Z" Six months, 40.
" f." One year, = so
Two Squares six months, 800
" One year, SOC
One Fourth column one year, with privilege of
changing monthly, . l2,0O
Half column, changing monthly, 900
1sS" Cards not exceeding eight lines will be in
serted one year for $500; six months, $500.
j. HUDSON, PRINTER.
LOCAL AGENTS FOR THE ANrI-sLAvERY DUGLB.
George Roberts, Brighton, Michigan.
Phebio I. Merrill. Ionia, Michigan.
Adrian, Samuel llayball. Michigan,
Livonia, Harriet Fuller
Plymouth, Isaac N. lIoddeo, "
Ypsilanti, Emeline DeGarmo, "
" Samuel D, Moore,
Union City, John d. Zimmerman, Michigan,
McRoy Grove, Tho's Fox,
Battle Creek, Phebe II. Merritt,
Bedford, Henry Cornell,
Pennington, Abram Powels, d"
Wolf Greek. Warren Gilbert, "
Ann Arbor, r. Glazier.
West Unity, j. II. Richardson, Ohio.
Edinburgh, Thomas c.. leighton, Ohio.
Joseph Pickett, Winchester, Indiana,
VIM. IIern, Brighton, Indiana.
9 G. l.. Gale, Northport, Indiana.
VIM. Hopkins, Fremont, "
, Elizabeth Morse, Angola,
D Henry Bowman, j ollnstown, Barry Co. Mich.
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01

The following stanzas are from the pen ofHot
They are written in his most delicate vein. !
is perhaps one of the most beautiful
the English language.
Farewell life! my senses swim
And the world is growing dim;
Thronging shadows crowd the light
Like the advent of the night
Colder, colder, colder still,
Upward steals a yapor chill;
Strong the earthly odor grows
/ smell the mould above the rose.
Welcome life! The spirit strives.
Strength returns and hope %revives;
Cloudy fears and shapes forlorn
Fly like shadows a. the morn
Der the earth there comes a bloom;
Sunny light for sullen gloom
Warm perfume for vapor cold
IsmeU the rose aboUc the mould.
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01
LOVE INCoNCEALABLE

Who can hide fire? lit he uncovered; light
Ifcoyered, smoke betrays it to the sight,
Love is that fire which still some sign affords;
If hid, they are signs; if open. they arc words.
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01
Bon Gt0te Ghowls,

of very Desirable Styles, together with n fresh
supply Of Wool and Caaton F2annels, Jeans, Prints,
GiaghamS, Real NaakecnS, Galoon Trimmings,
Bet Buckles, dc, DE. All of which we are clos.
ing out preparatory to removing to our
"NEW ROOM"
in Cary's Block. Corner of Main and Ellsworth
Streets, one door West of the Butter Store, which
Room we shall occupy on and after the 10th day
n February, 1856, and where our customers will
find the
"CHEAP BOYS"
on hand to attend to their many wants, n good
light room ; and an ENTIRE NEW STOCK OF
GOODS to show them.
BY the last Of the week we will be in RECEIPT Of
n Fresh Case of EIGHT CENT CALICOES, which
are so desirablef for COMFORTS, DRESSES, chill
DRENS WEAR, &c. &c.
Thankful for past favors, we hope not only, tc
have a continuance of your custom while yet in
the old stand but upon removal to our NEW ROOM
hope to merit a still greater share of your conf
dcnce and patronage.
Yours truly, j. & l.. SCUILLlNG.
Salem, December Sth, 1855.
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01
DEPUTATION FROM TIE GREAT DESERT
OFSAIIARA.

The AkhDar gives the following interesting &C
count Of q dcputation which has Just arrived at
Algiors from the Desert beyond the French pos
sessions in Africa: \ considerable sensation was
created on the 9th at Algiers, by the arrival there
of a deputntion Of four Arabs, belonging to a tribe
iuhabiting 5he Great Desert, and known under the
name Of Tooaregs. Since the conquest of the
country bordering on the Great Sahara has been
effected by the French troops, it has become a mat
ter of interest to the French Government to estab-
lish Il friendly Intercourse with the tribes inhablt-
ing the Desert itself-a space measuring upward
Of four hundred leagues from north to south-that
is, from Ourgia, the last oasis occupied by the
French, to TimSuctoo. The tribe above mention
ed is divided into eight different branches; the
Asguor, bordering on the Regency of TunIs; the
Hoggar, inhabiting the mountainous range Of that
name; the Ahir, living south Of Rt; the Ennebigh,
or Lemden, in the vicinity of Timbuctoo; and the
Keloel, the Boodal, the Kelgueres, and the Itissa
tribes, occupy the country between the black pop
ulation of the SOodan and the far winter race in
habiting the nth of Africa. The TooareEs are
very nearly white. They inhabi, tents made of
tanned hides, and live chiefly on the products of
the chase, their camels, and Il kind Of feoceless
sheep called demmdR, of which they possess i'm
mense fOcks. In the south they cultivate rice and
maize; those Of the. mouth have but lately turned
their attention to agriculture. The men wear two
large gowns, n white and Il blue, of Soodan manu-,
~faeturc, a kind Of WOODEN or silk craitan reaching
to the ground, and wide trousers, closing ut the
ankles, with a gaudy trimming all round. They
wear no stockings, bu. red leather sandals, of good
workmanship. On their heads they wear a red
skullcap, covered by a kind of turban, from which
a blue veil descends 20 as far as their mouths,
while a kind OF cravat, beginning from the occi-
put, covers the lower part of their faces, thus quite
hidden from view, while their women on the con-
trary, wear no kind of veil, and enjoy the greatest
liberty. Their weapons consist Of a long poniard,
called deraid, and Il double, edged sabre; a lance, a
musket, ana a shield made out of an. elephants
ear. The deputation above mentioned was re
ceivcd in the most friendly manner by the Cover
nor General Of Algiers, their own behavior being
respectful and digniied in the extreme. "You
possess" said they, 'cloth, silk, cotton stuffs, and
pipes; bring us those manufactures OF yours, anC
others, too, and We will exchange for them ivory
skins, perfumes, wax, gum and gold dust. W.
shall on both sides derive considerable profit from
this traffic, which will also cement onr friendship
The Governor General intends, it is said, shortly
to test their friendly feeling by sending a caravan
into their country-an expedition which, if crown
ed with success, may reopen the commerc which
was anciently carried on with the center of Africa
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01
"PA VI FAME;
OR, PARTS OF A LIFE ELSE UNTOLD,
4 Norel, BY n. p. WILLIS.

Il NOre,"-BY n. p. WILLIS.
In addition to this new feature, a series of or,pi-
nal sketches, songs and ballads by G. p. Morris,
and an original n~oreiette, in verse, founded uron
fact, called "TnE STORY OF A STAR" by j. Nj,
Field, are among the inducements for new subscri.
bers to lei with the lrst number of the year.
Besides the contributions and labor of the Ed.
tors, the Home Journal will contain the Foreign
and Domestic Correspondence of a large list Of
contributors-the spice of the European Magazineg,
the selections of the most interesting publica
tions Of the day-tho brief ~noyels-tle piQuans
stOries-the sparkling wit and amusing anecdots
the news and gossip of the Partisan papers-ths
personal sketches Of public characters-tbe stir.
ring scenes of the world we live in-the chronicle
of the news for ladies-the fashions-the facts and
outlines Of news-the pick of English information
tho wit, humor and pathos of the times-thee s,
says on life, literature, society and morals, and the
usual variety of careful choosings from the wilder
ness of English periodical literature, criticism,
poetry, etc. We need not remind our readers thai
we have also one or two unsurpassed correspon-
dents in the fashionable society of Nep- York, who
will give us early news of every new feature of
style and elegance among the leaders of the gay
world.
TERMs.-Foro one copy, 50; for three copies, So
or one copy fer three years, S5-always in ad-
vance.
SUBSCRIBE WITHOUT DELAY. Address
MORRIS & WILLIS,
Editors and P'oprietors, 10Y FHlton-sireef. Ne~- York
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01
ORIGINAL NOVEL BY n. p. WILLIS.
THE HOME JOURNAL FOR 1856.
NEW AND BRILLIANT SERIES.

On the fifth of January next. the first number Of
the New Series for 1856, of this well, known FAM.
LY NEWSPAPER will be issued, with new type and
new attractions; the principal one is of the kind
which has been proved, by Soth American and Eu-
ropean periodicals, to be the most acceptable and
popular, VIA NOVEL IN SERIAL NUMBERS. The
title is
Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1856-03-01

a NOVEL ANswER.-A few Sabbaths since, in a
town in the vicinity of this city, a teacher of n Sun
day school was engaged in questioning his pupils
upon subjects connected with their previous studies
in the Bible. Atlast, turning 20 n young Irishman,
a member oftho class, he asked what Adam lost
by the flll?" Pat Cor a few moments was apparent.
ly in a brown study. but at last his face Frightened
up as he inter. og uively replied, AN was it his
hat, sir!'-Trqcdier