The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-08-28

vfbIe even nom some Distance the layers being Of
ricus thckness from hse feet and less 70 twenty and
Wepty Eve kecf. The Sierra do 10 Nartz, ranges In
slightly curved rne nor southeast towards northwest
where II JOINS, at distance OF about eight miles the 81
del Ao OF which appears 70 DC out soaIneas.ern
The one Of do Ia Nariz is divided into two sub parallel
running branches Of which the western is but Short not
continues twenty miles. Near the intersection of the
line little TO the north, quite depression occurs,
height In this vicinity II is also traversed by two
three open passes hardly rising over twenty feet above
the level Of the diluvial main
SIERRA DE LA LAGusA (de la Eperanza) ITO the north
OF this sierra one visible at distance of about
fifteen mes-that is the width OF the intermediate val
character to the one Of de il Nsrz having
strike dip and straudcation alike with the former.
Little apponorinds accompany also both these sierras,
but not rising higher than from thirty to forty feet
springs are TO be found on any Of these mountain
ranges ana the few animals and the wild Indians and
travellers depend on those holes, ponds or lagunas,
which, being washed out in beds OF SOLID clay preserve
ain water Tor some time sueh pools are ny .ne Mex,
o ind in this neghborhood such charcos the name de la
aguna del Esperanza was given to this SIERRA which
Gems to be also eastern branch OF the Sierra del Aio
srRRA DEL Ayo From the heights Of the Sierra de la
Narz to the northwest bold and high range stands in
sight appears rather IKE nod or COMPOUND o.
branches This mountain group bears the Spanish name
Gel sjo, which garlic. The reason for this not
the structure OF this geographical monument. Though
probably constituted by similar volcanic rocks to the
Others It's structure different As 1t ia seen from the
southwest huge centre block OF metamorphic crystal
line volcanic rock seems to CO institute the strike Ihs
block exhibiting traces OF horizontal srahcauon, d.
vided in two by the potrson Of mass OF rocks, which,
though THEORETICALLY almost alike show, instead OF traces
Of disturbed hol zonta divisions, sort Of coumner
masses On the and at the foot Of this sierra large
number independent volcanic peaks towering up,
superviewDg the other, but all standing undoubtedly
upon the same volcanic foundation, though some Of them
how nd
body Of this resembles in its shape the Dubious
head Of garlic. comparison like this, though rather
plies at the same time the indigenous growth Of both
sierra ard the garlic The mountain range of del AjO
waters Of sonoya running in westerly Course drec. TO-
wards the gulf and the waters turning in an easery d.
recton and then south towards the settlements Of north
Sonora joining each other before reaching their
end 10 the wastes OF the coast
THE CEsAGA OF SoSoyTA-On the western foot OF the
sierra del Ajo wide valley is spread out which by be-
ing hemmed in all round by mountain ranges and having
but obstruced outlet, is what the Spanish call Gle
maya Its southern border Is formed by the sierra In
chibabi, Papsgo name Of unknown meaning. AZ the
serras just before spoken OF strike the eye BY their dark
brown almost black color the serras 70 the south and
west constituted by metamorphic crystalline rocks,
with prevailing espar The co or Of these mou ntans es
pecially under the rays Of Sonoran sun, Is garng
stories of general travellers well founded, when they
speak about the pass between black and white noun
tain, or something like It. On t The foot Of the
old mission Of Sonoyta, choritic states and green
come to sight They appear, however, but locally, and
throughout that same white light coored espanc crys
aiine rock This branch being the lowest IN elevation
and but short unnl aUsorDsa Oy e sss,! out
noyta The eastern part Of the cienaga Is open for ira
veers TO Prescio de Altar There the dividing ridge Ia
nothing but slight swell Of the diluyisl plain.
Besides the abundance Of deep chTcos and lagoons
through s lower portion this cenags blessed with the
Ser Of Little sprns. Undoubtedly snsns om
great depth Their water beautifully clear OF blush
the pes sSu,, by ah bs
little river OF SonoyA nourished at It's brt 1t cannot
hold IT. elf a. . running stream Before running mile
disappear, and regains daylight several times The
water owever Is constant enough 70 justify any set
Lement In in vicinity. Thus The Roman church had once
eslab shed enc her missions Of Pmera alta in this
mete and desoaie quarter Of sonora However IKE the liz
tie river Of Sonoyta the well Intended establishment did
not deyeope much vitality Some poor pieces Of ruined
miserable walls the whole OF what le to
the fpo which the outlet OF the valley This 0ccu
pied nos by group Of few Mexican and Indian hus,
ground. The proportion OF the latter IS indeed very
small and scarcely enough 70 satisfy some twenty or
thirty Papsso families.
In he photography OF the country the Sierra del Ao
forming the northeastern corner Of the Cenaga d Sonoya
seems TO be remarkable monument, establishing the
real boundary between the coast and the Interior II IN
also the portion OF the where rich
argenerous ard auerous copper ores abound, contain
Ing Is said sufficient. gold and silver to detay the
discovered some years sRo and arc worked now by
Californian mining association, called the Arizona Com
pany.n This same company, besides exploring the
stretch from here direct 10 the ella river rst opened
also, vi b considerable expense and labor road
through the mountain passes and provided by means OF
artificial tanks for the preservation Of rain water which
annually falls upon these regions.
Following the bed OF the river OF Sonoya. narrow
pass leads withou, any diculty into another cenaga
which being lees well wa,cred than Tie one OF Sonoyta
bears again the common desert character. ts dametri
cal extension about the same with the former and may
he stated being Is miles across and along. The so.
noya stream winds It's bed through IT, but forms only
the upper hail. In two three places, small shaoS
Mountain and bill ranges formed BY The same elspa
open end Is limited by swell Of the diuvia
beds leaving but an opening for the occasional surplus q
water Of the sonoyta river Tbs ccnasa which may be
called eeitoeaqui.a parakes still more IN the physio
ouitobaquita signifies, in the Parago language, small
mountain gap or pass which 10 reality : formed here BY
tobsquia and Inchibab Upon the rising ground the
west end Of this cenags, wealthy Mexican established
cattle rancho. The Inhabitants here depend on spring
water which news In abundance from some IL To ID
ima springs, al rising IN one line upon a bank which
apparently has been formed by the material they
themselves had lated the subs,ance itself seems
10 be tome form of carbonate OF lime The water o
these sprDgs resembles In s appearance and moie Of
sfua that OF Sonoyta and VIC believe II no mistake
10 place the phenomenon Of both ply sograph
cal base and considering them az mineral or thermal
waters.
LEAVING Quitobaqura the line passes over very broad
ridge dipping and west and forming kind Of yoke
uusum) between me Sierra 81 oritooaquiia and noun
AL round the came crystalline fcspaihc rocks prevail
The structure OF Cerros dc Saata Indicates gene
raj geognoscsl disturbance under which these hills and
mounds once have been grouped together They are Of
different absolute height and their rocky parts very
uch ntersperscd covered with dcbrs. In general
The entire arrangement and ranging Of the sicrras be
tween this place and Sonoyta proves deviation OF tho
established rule Of paralelsm among all the serras d
northwestern sonora. The mountain ranges OF Qutoba
quita del Ajo and lnchibab appear like three gigantic
OF waves after overreachng each other and part
dschasng Their contents, forming net Of irreguiary
ranging mountain meshes.
The water Of the river Of sonoyta leaves ~
above ground for the Last time u Qutobaquita
to follow ip terrestrial doom. Two miles besor, =
III subeas side the Cerros de Ia Saada fresh paa
able be got in its bed by digging 70 depth
two three feet One mile farther below, the water
the stream 80 extremely saline that not starr
rug mules will touch a. This salt water occasioned the
dc Ia salada applied 10 that mountain group pa I'd
next 10 a. IRON here the country opens entirely In
southsry direction towards the coast, leaving Tree sigh
pretty bold but entirely isolated sierra, which Is
called penscae. This singular name, which signifies a
beetle not able 70 account for has reference
70 any peculiarly Of this SIERRA and believe ts sp
plcaton 10 be caused by some particular occurrence
Ibis sierra about twenty live miles distant the tine
almost entirely inaccessible for want OF water; but
rens wned through al Sonora for lis wonderful and mex