The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-12-22

The GreAt Pacific Hayfrs&A Lard swsna1e
1efoxs Congresa-A W~xning Voice nrSm
Threats FROM southern D9suniOnksGs.
iron the Pbisoelph1 Penn isan,Aa, Dec 40
TIE Pacific RAILRoAD PROJECT BEyo - con ,H2ss
In prolonged controversy o. a. iesst twensy years
The 6emocrAtic party commended sgans the adoption OF
certain pr,nclpies OF governms Mt by which ws GRO
posed 10 egslAse for Individual benefit We deDoaaoed
such laws coDs utonGl and unjust We maintained
that the federal Union for med TOR ceyIsin specific
national pu poses and that It's distinctly %
the dem oorauo party has gained io elf any name or
chaaceY--if has made itself felt the oxp0deot Of
the national vii, and has ELECTED the ~ npaihes Of the
people, has been tho result OF the enforcement 81 the
doctrines 10 wi hih we have referred
II 10 we'll that 90 not mistake rames for prin
cples that We do not point with PRIDE 10 VIA. We have
dome and exert ourselves The very
we have 10 long condemned, disguised under asotner
name
We led 10 these observations by exs,usson OF
the project before Congress- proposing large cessons
Of puoio Ian 10 70 various railroad corporations
The creation, We admit, u IN important one IL hes
something more ibaa An economical or constitutional
bearing involves interests higher than the it~ spd
phsso ia the striking influence II Is cacuated 70
upon the Il gslssure and the country.
usnagement. we haze rsns to nter. sss psyer sun
eient.J engaged hs attention OF the American people II
- he sgest and the most bene6cent estate IN tho civil
lied world II Is he property o. govern ment watch,
tor three quarters OF century. has maintained
tarnisbed Esme; and in all that time has cha legged
he admiration OF mankind for the stesdness OF lie
rule, the juAtcs and hberAiiy Of It's policy, the
succe,s Of l,s Industry, the rapdty Of It's prosress
Of sueh ra,on .nyroougeS hv al the ,arsntses rs
CURED TO give quick tecs 10 industry aud security TO rs
ffui0 something widely different nom mere wilder
administered IL the greatest blessing and the greatest
power which tho people possess capable OF exerng a.
ways m0et decided influence, not only upon the
tona in'er ST., but also upon commeroe and industry
everywher-bot the object OF speculation aud put
perverted blessings, Il gigantic evil, capable Of vas,
crruptna Influences aud OF sl greater oppression
The masses, whose Office IT, In the end 70 subdue and
cultivate IT,
Let look back for . moment We count but tes
years AZ nation IN nsi marrow time our Frontier limits
hsve Teen exepdei the gre psin Of the
The valley Of the Mississippi. thosa vast regions
BY the simple process OF settlement, 10 regular say,
have been turned mt gardens O. proc
and manufactures have sprung mo ine-educaton snc
sii the refDemepH OF 6igh condition." OF sociai al.
snccment are rapidly extending their blessings .
aiion AT ALL
D. them we regard the obvious effects OF our early aad
system, will De apparent that no mer. DO, bed e1pedi
required 20 due pAnrioa frontier
work Nor under that system, viii the airy fall 10
that pub domain, exclusively subj pioneer
settle r,eni Is nnistering providence under which
liberal rewards are secured TO the producer, ana O
posef1 agency oy which wan, and suherng 81 az early
PERIOD VII be driven from TIE earth The responsibility
OF Congress as the nasee o. such an estate Is then very
great
with fearful stIices There msiy, aware,
who, ude tho plea that The seuemsns thereby sd
vspced, give 10 every ne. project o. the kind most
not to warran, RECITATION. It's adoption would lead
the conciuson at that is better that al tue public
men. Nor rs Il Al al certain, ~e regard tho present
alone, THAI werd not be as well thus to Gct But the
presents not everything q y made manifest by the
rapdity Of our prcgress. We snsl. and weak now
udf cd BY the promises We OF . great future and
our legislation is shallow winch docs not iael this
The gigantic grants directly 10 companies consnmpls
ed in the bill before Congress- are very different from
ihe sxlh section grants which have be, made TO saes
based upon stpOstions or carrying the mails ADD The
Of NV Ia
government All the new states Gave received such
giants except California While, therefore, similar
sors 10 that and 10 other states, they
the Union, gh. Perbap. be usaei upon the principle
Of equality, JET beyond this, the system certainly ough
based equivalent can constitute Justification for
the cesson Of such enormcus quantities 10 compaoiea
10 contemplated In the present bill Let MS regard for
the fact, that bill provides for the cession
OF ore hundred and Try miDors Of acres OF land 70
rous incorpoI atoms and upwsSds OF ave millions OF dol
from tre treasury. This docs embrace lands
good ana had bat the pancs are smpo sered 10
icct them, and ei 10 reject Inferior
who does rot ace thai nearly every acre OF valuable
lands OF nsci dem ain would thus TO mooopoiIod
by afw companies held mp IRON sale until their roads
constructed and ihon disposed OF At enormous prices
the settlement o. the country INN ansey resrded-in
1ictiDg irrepsrsble injury upon the na;ionf
II tire policy OF NE country s TO facilitate the Settle
ihc W. sern bank Of the Mississippi 70 the Parioo ocean
Is porn alton and pre- ducts that constitute the real
wealth and strength OF the nation But even as regards
The pubic revenue augmented pfoduc ou would secure
easea consumption u ard foreign fabrics,
with large increased incomes from dutes indeed, the
railroad companies would look their permanent
inter 81 they would see that a policy which facilitates
the early and settlement the public lands 70 moi
vioua proprieiors thus sugmentns population AID pro
uc,s along the routes would give TO too amount OF
busress and which you'd prove IN The end
dvaD,ageous than land grants withheld from settlement
by tie exacton OF enormous prices.
The immense grant 10 which We have referred, be-
rides fayoripg few companies at the expens~ OF all the
rest cf o people under The plausible preoxt OF pr5vta
ing .AroAd 10 the Pacific, accom2stcs no such object
fact for the grant absolute for each fifty mlss As
shall be constructed with obligation 10 contnre the
road III continent and forfeiture In the event
Of failure. u - clear under such grants, .aat The road
would only be made few hInorei miles west OF tue
Msssspp and TO tile points whence the ands bscoGne
ihess, and there termrsto. That bill tnep may be
justly designated sct granting immense fortunes and
propretcrsLiIs few favored companies and yet ii
Ing accomplish tho obtccto consirucing any one road
10 the Pacific,
There moi an evil In The governmental systems OF tho
world 20 expressive, so tenacious o ana capable
81 perpctualne ns power ~ tho accumuh OF large
cs,stes ia The hands OF individuals hprcclsoly Una,
feature which makes the British RoveHnept though the
finest 10 Europe, the most oppressive In the world. II
Gpds It's expression In the relations OF landlord and
tcnaut-reations under which oil the power ana oil tho
profits one side, and ali tho misery and Deepen
der &c on the other.
These are combinations which 20 oot touch the en-
stiutorAl power Of Congress tho subject matter
thai 10 point we shall examine another day.
Mr.. Buchannn's yyhcstland speech Over
From the New Orleans Dcita
Nsu nr rms -Inz