The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-05-28

Western Powers to the abnormal and unfo,
tunate rendition of Italy. Had the war assumed
s !.
would have been extended; but, In the present stu
alton there was no possibility of demanding or ex
Secting territorial changes. Diplomacy is inpotent
to modify the condition of nations it can only sane
Italy however not being comfortable to the treate:
in force tAe principles laid down at Vieana havin.
been vioIate, and the political equilibrium destroy
ed, the Sandman Plenipotentiaries invited Englan
and France to take hat state OF things into serou
consideration. Our al..'ies favorably received tina
demand and took the deep est interest in the affair
of Italy. They admitted that the occupation OF the
italian provinces by foreign tro,' was abnormal
and expressed desire that it should cease but an
objection presented itself. 1t was asked THAT might
be the consequences of the withdrawal - Ihos(
troops The Sandman Plenipotentiaris did not ilssi
tate to declare that without the adoption Of prsser.
.eerious and perilous. But they thought tina
those dangers might be obviated, and drew
up a memorial, which was addressed, in
tne form OF note, to the governments of England
ana FRANCE England gave her full adhesion to it,
France admitted the principle, but for particular
considerations she reserved her opinion as to il,
application: The Sovereign Pontif' is not only the
temporal CHIEF Of State, he is also the religion
Chief OF the Catholic world. Hence arise for the
french government certain duties to fulfil, and if
We consider the influence which an act accomplish
ed at Rome may have on the interests Of France it
will be conceived that the French government does
not deserve from US less gratitude than the English
government. In the eyes of England the Roman
question is merely political, and the English Pleni
potentary treated it with the liberty and talent be-
coming so important question. ! am delighted
20 have 1t in my power to proclaim here that that
illustrious statesman, whom am happy to call my
friend, eyinced so much sympathy for Italy, and
her condition. that he is entitled to the gratitude
not only of the Piedmontese but also of all the
italians. The Austrian Penipotentiary opposed
plea In bar; that is he observed with reason that
the subject, he had neither powers nor instructions
to enter on the merits of the question. But he
maintained the right of Intervention when applied
for by another government. That doctrine admitted
toy France, was opposed by England, and twas not
possible to arrive at precise solution but we have
gained great point by inducing England aud
France to proclaim the eXpediency Of putting an end
to the occupation Of Central Italy. The Sandman
Plenipotentiaries suggested that some of the Italian
governments might be advised to adopt system of
moderation. will not here attempt to describe the
warm manner in which the representatives of Eng
land and France supported that motion. If the d.
Plomatists of the other nations did not concur in
not one Of them either officially or oficiously,
impugned the validity Of the arguments ad-
duced by England and France, and ! am of
opinion that the advice, given only by those two
nations will not be the less eficacious The Sardi-
MAN Plenpotentiaries called the attention of the
Assembly the erection of Notifications at Piacenza
and denounced that fact part of system against
which they considered their duty protest. Thus
the abnormal and unhappy condition Of Italy has
been exposed to Europe, not by furious and revolu-
tionary demagogues, not by passionate journals, not
by party men, but by the representatives Of the first
nations of Europe. The second advantage obtained
consists in those Powers having declared that it
was the interest of Europe that the evils Of Italy
should be remedied verdict given by England
other hand it is certain that the Paris negotiations
did not improve our relations with Austria. must
say that the Sandman and Austrian PlenipOtentia
and cooperating in one Of the greatest political
works accomplished during the last forty years,
parated any personal anger, it is true, for
I must do justice to the perfectly courteous de-
the intimate conviction that the political systems Of
the two countries are more opposed than ever.
Those differences may give rise to difficulties, and
create dangers but that is the inevitable and fatal
Emmanuel inaugurated on ascending the throne,
and which you have ever since upheld. I do not
think that the foreseeing those peris ought to in
.duce the King to alter his policy. To-day, the
cause of Italy has been brought before the tribunal
of public opinion, whose decision, to use the noble
expression the Emperor of the French is without
appeal. The trial may be long, but I am confident
chat i.s defnitive issue will be conformable to the
rstice of the cause.
NJ. MAMANI spoke as follows:-The Paris Con
ferences have demonstrated certain and uncon-
trovertible fact-namey that Russia, on account of
her losses, was compelled to accept the conditions
of peace offered to her. Russia showed that she
was weak and unable to continue the struggle, and
that standardization is worse than complete bar
barism. The humiliation of Russia has broken the
Northern league, and the compact of the Holy Al
lance is now at an end Russia has lost the supreme
patronage she exercised over Germany The last
war has proved to Great Britain that ma
tion entirely given to trade and industry often
runs the risk Of losing its vigor and original
magnanimity, and that no nation should remain
isolated in the world, without powerful and
tried friends The two greatest nations in the world
Without renouncing her alliance with France, Eng
land must seek hereafter new friends among nations
ripe for civil liberty, and ready to assert their leg
innate and natural rights in Italy and Germany.
life and national representation. In order to be
fruitful the policy of England must tend to assist
other nations to conquer their liberty. am inclined
to believe thatere long in civilized Europe-not even
excepting Russa-there will be no other absolute
Power but Austria. That Power owing to the hetoro
geneOus elements which compose it, can never adopt
another form Of government. AS for the pale sate-
1ites of Austria-such as Naples, Florence, Parma
Modena land Rome-t will soon be seen whether they
can long continue to govern in an arbitrary and be
raj manner. As respects Sardinia, the glorious pre-
sence Of her trcolored banner next to those OF Eng
land and France has fixed the attention of Europe
upon US, and the honest press OF every country is
now pre.ocoupied with our affairs In the British
Parliament the ministers of the Queen pleaded the
cause Of Italy. Such are the fruits OF the noble be-
Cavour, constituting himself in the Paris Congress
the defender of oppressed Italian nations. The
voice of Piedmont has been heard, and If ever the
ministers of King Victor Emmanuel were called
upon to Justify their mandate they might reply that
it was written with the blood Of the Piedmontese
who fell in the plains Of Lombardy and under the
walls Of Sebastopol Ministers Of the King, en-
treat you to preserve entire that precious and noble
mandate. To-day you have other alternative LETT
but to recede forward and energetically and
Loyalty execute the honorable and legitimate mission
In the morning sitting, the debate was opened by
Count MAMIANI, formerly a minister of Pope Plus
H. who has lately been naturalized in Sardinia, and
almost Immediately afterwards was elected deputy
Sor Genoa. This was the first occasion of his ad-
dressing the Chamber, and he spoke in favor of the
government policy lyide Sandman Pariament.)
objection to read the "Note" communicated by him
to the governments of France and England, dated
April is, 1866; and also questioned him as to the