New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1856-08-12

nt1 llesi H2tT7 an, iac. =. August, lt4l
MAS g.. plo a.ts'; a.; Dec 1
*; I. s: E; 6 5:%a e ~ H. '' '
r Z: { III e {; I S:sl
% nSs s2ss00 tH,ss' .s: ss1
s s;n ss ss%7c Savsl.s. sa5co 5sSsts.e,
:ssted s."r.se 81 aaSo sAveT.se, ~ toocOa az
Product,reness of The Higher and Loper Tariffs Of
Tbirts-fre Yeors-Steadtness of the Formtr-
Unsteudiness of the Latter.
This table exhibits these note worthy facts: The In
come from customs under the tariff rose from
el3 600 Oo0 in le2l 10 sl7, 600 in 1922. Uuder
the tariff Of 1924 from 1925 TO 1928, it rO-e from
sx0 900 TO s23 $50 900; under that OF 1929 from
1929 10 1882 rose gradually from s22 500 900 10
f2s 5O0CoO. Unoer the CUmprom'se Act of 1888,
Viii reopoed the duties under the act OF 1892 nv b.
elnoy dedUctDg o,ttentb of the excess over 20 per
cent from and a'er Dec 81 1898, utt Dec. 81 le4l,
When ha Of the remaining excess was struck OIL,
and on The 30,h June 1912 the other half hereof the
Yevs, ne from customs in the first three years
of its opera ion from SIC 900 O00to s23 500 000
p.xt year 1897 suuk 10 Sill 600 000f, hing sl2 j00-
600 IL one y ard sgaD 10 1889 10 s23 900 900
smother difference Of Sl2, 900 coo N two years 10
1870 il down 50, 500 900, and in two years rose
a, 500 900 The frst yer Of the operation OF the
tsIif Ut 1912 the customs amounten TO more than
tl6 900 O0O he thee folio Years II stoot very
sea lily at s26 900 900, 275OOsOO and $40 SOC, 900
nfp. c,veDy.
To VI. .srs 1867 DUNG seven mon .hs of which
Il esent tariff was in operation, the customs fell
% $40 900 in The follo~ing year farioe 10 Europe
they rOee CO, 900 00O It. tDe as 1879, they de-
Gin 80 500 000 and in the succeeding year increased
4ll $50 600. In the years 1861 they rose again
% 500 900 above the preceding yea' III 1872 toey
decre $3.50 600; ID 1928 they rose eli, 100000;
in 1854 they again increased s5,OOOOOO, anu In
ls54-5 fell sll coo 600.
Fluctuations of the Customs and tendency to ercess
under The same LoU duty tarlG
In this summary it will be perceived that within the
last j. ysas The revenue from customs has tive times
yareo nom thu amounts yi-ld-o in bs year. ihned
aey pr.ctdiI these several chsnges rom SO 900 600
10 900 900 DVripg these nine years the pres snt
tar i'll operation, aDd an unvarylng rate OF DUTIES
was charged upon The IDpors Its changes OF produce
v.Dess 10 the revenue have be, GUAM o. increase
M ED, but Lot in sIy b,Isrcing proportion to the
Daiursll ipcr a-iDg expenditure "f gro wing popala-
ton; for fibd by sretement No. rs OF the Se re-
tsys report thai the consumption % foreign Imports
per capita the trst four years OF the porio
r. Sc 90 20 $40; a. the surplus in the Ired 'ury
afe' al orc mary expenditures, AID the payment OF
$4,000 600 of the pubic debt besides, concu-
sive Of u IL vObt
Your Coma ittee have OF 10 these statements
sidered the causes Of The great oispaiy of the re-
yielded TO the Treasury by The offs reat rates
Of duty levied upon for. ign imports They have been
looking sn ply 10 the question how far and TO what
eff Ct, mposs per c.Dtages Of 'h-n elves affect tue
revenue; for ,be Proposition pres ented Tor tnelr COZ
sheraton by the Presid- ut Secretary embraces
assumption that reduction of the percentage OF itself
NUT wo,k reductiob of tue revenue.
a. LOp duties yield tie larger recenue." The Doctrine
and ELierieRce OF Tie Past.
That this doctrine il in accordance with the facts
of a Ian and varied experience, coveri'g AMI en-
brscDg every variety of CON i'ion, Which can affect
the question ia ooandar ty mahes' ed by ,ee statistics
presented Indeed, T. directly opposite dVctnne mas
BEEN belo by the advocates of 10 duties in all cOntO
verbs which the the matter has hitherto undergone.
In lsl5 pending the discussion which substituted the
N 81. k,.vL. rs
was argued by the Secretary of the Treasury, ia hs
rpot OF that that the ger revenue produced
by the lower rates of duty. h. says; TIE revenue
IRON sd valorem duties last year exceeded tlat
"reslzed from specific duties al hough the average
" Of the ad.vsorrm duties was only 1887 per cedt
"ard the average of the specific dutes--4l 30--pre
senting another strong proof that lower duties To-
ertase the revenue" And, again, he says: While
"it Is impossible to adopt any horizontal sale Of
duties, or even any arbitrary maximum, experience
proves that a. ger er+ rule 20 per cent ad valorem
"wih yielc fbe largest reve.u-."
Tbis principle which is a sound one, does not apply
TO eher OF the extremes of npost rates. for the
may be carried up TO the poot which is prohbitcry,
OF NJ ar it, and the othe' do to that which would
be ss nearly nugatory; and no both extremes msy be
made 10 operate alike upon the Treasury But il is
hue ufhiu compa atively moderate range of differ
epctthst IT, within any such frence Of percentage
ss any advocate OF reduction would now undertake
30 recommend.
The facts which our financial history offers in support
tbi- doctrine in general I'd cobcu-ive az these fol-
hvins witch Your Committee sel.ct frOm mu tItude
for is proof Under the tariff OF 1872 the average
duties upon piott cied articles something above 40
pr ceIt; the average monthly receipts ron customs
under that act amounted to 81 99l 200. Uuder the
tai,ff Of 1915, with its average cuties below 80 per
cent the monthly receipts during the fret two years of
its operation reached the sum Of s2,575,9o7.
Mr. Walker, in his report, December II, le4s, page
,, rays:
were rapidly sub, ttuting the domestc articles and
e1cpdibg the foreign riya the revenue mast have de-
cbDtd. From this disastrous condition We have been
saved by the Is If of 1916, yielding from reduced
tsSes en- average tIcess thu, far, of more than
q 600 ovei the average receipts tom the tar Of
1912
Twice ur der the operation Of the ComNomi'e act,
once after the second deduction was made upoo the
rates OF the 40, Of 1892 and once ser the taud de
ductien. the revenue tom customs to the annual
v.rsge VI The high tanf Of 1923; and in the year
1882, whef .ts lowe rates nearly touch d, aud
oe level 20 per cent. was Desr tie maximu n, the
cost ms ood higher than IN five OF the previous yeare
Of IFS OPERATION, and ABOVE the average Of the eight
preceding year.
The rae annual amount Of the custo n' yield
ca by the tariff Of 1924, was s2l, 100000; o
The tariff Of 1875 Was s2i $50, 00o-n a period
., % years rsicg $1,000 900, or % pr cent.
me average Of the fot Tour years of the tariff
1850, Wa $50 $50 ,ooo rs per cent. in four yetrs;
;s'unse OF Its second four years was s54 $50 0J0-
sot years s27 800 900 per anuun, l53 per
n. Tue average snnu al CONSUMPTION Of foreign in-
s per capita, uLder the tariff OF 1924 amounted TO
,s.a =, ~ ae tariff Of 1928 IS 2 under that of
ourmg Tie four Years Of is operation ,rsy;n,s y. ,S
nhsx Of the Calf mia gold the CO. $1,000 70 'ae
~ yer capita OF tae population sno uader the yerv
now sVtrag- duties OF the whole srino of H. 'S
promise The consumption stood at 81 % rbsse go
show hw much more productive OF revenue e. 80
tsIin Iafes are Than those which, though con,nersa
hebeT, are yet far short of PROHIBITING lnox 40 %
seriously Ileiti'S WIN 'he prosperity OF the carry
ing uate.
Causes Of larger rercRae from louer d.tes