The daily union., 1856-02-05

\ Icar. P"1satN
commerce than hnndred Bab-e-Mandebs. That posses
sion howeyerlet me not underrate tits Of vast i'm
poance Tor you observe that British at tina
period anticipated what Is about 10 cana
eonnexion between the Mediterranean with the Red b
tne lshmus Of Snez Viewed in this light the importance
ol Aden becomes vastly greater than dreamed
by men not bent controlling the KEYS OF commerc,
throughout the world The same characteristics mark th
seizure of Central America and the colony OF the Bay
isahas more than nifty years ago the seizure of Malta
ana the retention oft in defiance Of the treaty OF Ames
brought on long and desolating with France and
.ns important naval station was never relinquished
nough s occupation caused the expenditure OF rivers
oiooo Inc war with Spain for Gibraltar another
aence Oh ihe same rapacous spirit and the with
Russia, having for it's object the eventual control Of the
boSphorus Is believed 10 give proof that the policy
10 slill to be pursued in both hemspheres.
Mr. President It will be recolleced by honorable
here and all others who choose to observe my humble
course in public life that was reluctant and slow TO be-
eve that Great Britain could disgrace herself by such pre-
texts as are used 10 crcnmvent the treaty OF $50 The hon
orabie senator from Michigan mr. CAs understood them
better than did There Others here who understood
them land call all here to witness it'll believing
from the declarations Of the British minister Cord Russell
himself, that II was impossible that such
structon should ever be resored adopted by
the BRITISH ministry, did repeated occasions, the
floor OF the Senate attempt to vindcae the course thai,
Great Britain had pursued and in the exercise of that
charity which trust shall always exercise towards all
men, endeayored to show that Great Britain not yet
dshonored, that she might those steps which
were erroneous, and that eventually must have con-
hdence that she would carry out her contract But
sir when heard the annual message Of the President
tons underwent total revolution. / saw, from the
monstrons construction set up, that the treaty to
be considered as only prospective in its operation that
we were to be subjected TO the kind of shufing
and the same despoable attempts special pleading which
marked the letter of Lord Paerston to Senior Castion
minister Of Nicaragua on the 10th of july s4s and which
indeed marked the correspondence of the British govern
ment with all the feeble Central American nations during
the whole period for which Lord pamerston had the d.
recton OF British foreign affairs Sir if any wishes
to see specimen Of that kind of writing which call des
picabe special pleading let him look the arrogant over
bearing letter written by Lord Palmerston to Senor Cas-
llon, the minister of Nicaragua to which have referred
and which to be found in Senate document 7 page 1880
communicated by President Fillmore to the Senate the
18TH OF July, 1850 | ask the attention of the Senate in
TINS connexion particularly to that letter far the purpose
of illustrating the dupcy that has marked the course Of
the British government this whole subject In the let
ter OF Lord Paeiston to Senor Caston he reasons if il
can be called reasoning by founding his pretensions
the treaties with Spain of 1888 and 1886 He considers
those treaties as in full force and effect; and so viewing
iem be presses upon the minister Of Nicaragua that
der and by virtue of them the British proectorae
tabllshed-an argument which think other
earth would use who had read the treaties.
Againa slr, IN letter written on the oth Of January,
1880, to Mr. Lawrence minister in London Viscount
Pelmeston refers expressly letter written by Frede
rick Chatfed British agent in Central America at that
tme and that that letter Of Chatfeld contains
statement Of acts showing the nature Of e connection which
has existed since the middle of the seventeenth century
between Great Britain and the Mosguito nation" He
refers him to that showing the authority upon which
the British goYe9nment has acted, and sends Mr.. Law
copy of Chat6eds letter. at the close Of which
you find that Chateld not only recognises those treaties
OF S3 and 1855 hut says expressly that the evidence OF
the hereditary monarchy of the Mosquitoes to be found
in those treaties of 1888 and 1886 which he says the
British agents have repudated and have
y recognised" Now, what think you after all that of
his same Vscount Pamerston standing at the head OF
the British government directing the correspondence of
Lord Clarendon, and Lord Clarendon writing TO our min
lister at Qaaon Mr. Buchanan stating that these treaties
Ewere put end TO by subsequent state of war; with
Spain, which terminated in 1909? iere is fiat contradic
ton of himself by himzelg which submit is nothing less
than linpracenl In n pubc minister use 10 milder
language when refer 10 IT, Our own minister Mr.. Law
renee told by Lord Palmersion TO rely the Chat
field statement which positively alleges the validity of
those treaties; and Lord Palmerson himself in his letter
TO Senor Castlon, relies the validity of those treaties
throughout and the acts Of the British Parliament in 1871
and 1919 and the treaties OF the British government in
1914 and 1926 had recognised the treaties and them
when pressed hard In the argument by minister in
London he tells that the treaties abrogaed
by with Spain which terminated far back
lsOe and that they have been dead letter since
Mr. President could go and consume the time OF the
Senate by pointing out other inconsistencies In the
arguments and statements OF the british ministry as
monstrous this, but iorbear. only wish now, be-
fore have done, 10 call the attention of the Senate to
Que other subject in this connexon Lord Clarendon
tends with Mr. Buchanan that the principle which the
American and British governments have always hereto
fore acedha by revolution the territorial rights of
the mother country in and in the of the
Spanish American colonies devoye the revolted colo
mics when they have successfully maintained their indie
pendence and that they become virtually the heirs Of the
rights they have asserted by the declaration aud mane
nance Of their independence-s not TO be upheld.
lie Is driven hard In the argument that he denies that
proposition And what Is the effect Of the deniaf To
give his government instead OF usutruct unlimited
right Of sovereignty and dominion in Belize II is further
to deny the right Of Nicaragua and the Central American
States the rights which Spain had in the country be
fore the revolution OF the Spanish American republics. We
all know who have read something Of the law Of
nations how ltle credit is to be given to such doctrines
as bis ordshp contends for but desire TO present
still further conclusive evidence Of the territorial rights Of
Nicaragua IL would be little too much for me to sup
pose that the British Foreign Office did not contain copy
Of the treaty which Iam about read to you. On the
25th day Of July 1850 Mr. Marcoea the minister OF Mica
raqua concluded with Spain treaty which gave to Mica
ragua all the rights which Spain held In the whole
country between the Pacific and the Caribbean sea-
| Mr. CASS What is the date Of that treaty2
Mr. CLAYTON The 25th of July, 1850; and IL gentle
men wish to know how obtained IT, will state that had
il from Mr Marcolea himself and present before
the Senate in his own handwriting in Spanish, with an
English translation, As know Of other way Of put
ting il on record will read that part Of the treaty which
cedes the whole territory to Nicaragua so that senators
may Judge Of the candor Of any British minister who shall
has not the territorial rights which Spain had because
they had devolyed her by the revolution Here IL
the paper:
Extract of treaty bseen Spaia aud Nicaragua, sgned
the 25k day of Jag. 1850, Jy the Uargais Of Pda Sec
retary Of Sai, Of her CahoEo Majesty and Mr. Harcoea
Minister PteniPo'odiarg from Nicaragua rapea oa us
| 2lst Of Narch, ls5l
ARTleULo ARTICLE riasT
Su Msjestad Catolca, Her Catholic Majesty, ma
ando do Ia faouad que 10 king Of the faculties be-
compete por e deercto dc las longing 70 her. IRON Tue de-
Cortes Generates del reun OF the Cortes General
del dc Dciembre de 1885, Of the kingdom, Of the th
enunci nara siempre del of December, 1885,
modo mas formal solemne forever for herself and for
nor 81 sus eesores Ia her successors the sovereign
berana dercchos accones W, rights, and actions which