The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-12-06
The Geographical Society.

MR.. KNEES ADDR SO ON THE PACIFIC RAILROAD.
The Geograph cal Society held their annual meeting at
the New York University Thursday evening when the
following officers were chosen
Preident-Frsncls 7. Hawks
Vice Praident-Henry Grinnell, Alex W. Bradford,
Archibald Russell.
Hysion Corresponding secretny--John Jay
Domestic Corresponding Sscretary-Frederick A. Conk
Reoordino Secreoyy-Wm. Coventry a. waddei.
Ashland Recording Seredry-samue p. Dinsmore.
TledsueT-Rdley Watts.
Librarian- Marshall Ieferts.
Coaiucsl-Hram Barney, Henry " Poor, Henry F.
Pierre pont NJ Dudley Bean, j. Calvin Smith, George Fol-
SON. Abram 8. Hewitt, Rudolph A. witthsus, Egbert L.
Vele.
The twenty honorary members of the society are the
following
Baron Alexander Won Humboldt Germany; Sir Roierck
Impey Murchi,cp, England DR.. Elisha Kent Kane, Uaed
states; Karl Ritter, Germany Col. ksSlinson, England:
Sir Geo. Simpson. Canada; DR. Edward Robinson United
States; Lieut.. Matthew +. Msury, United states; Dr.
Bar,b Germany sJr John Richardson, England. Fried
rich George Wilse Siruve Russia; August Peermann,
Germany; Austin Henry Layard Engsna " Reiohsn,
Russia Prof A. Bache United States Queteet, Bel
GUM The name of John Charles Fremont added to
the list on Thursday night
Part of Hon. T. Butler Kings address, in favor OF the
southern Pacific Railroad scheme, published in yes
tereays HlRAID. By stress Of other matter we were
hen unable to give al his remarks He continued a. fol-
iolows:-
have been thus particular in my remarks the oil
male OF the Pacific coast they applicable to
portion OF the bordering on the 32d degree
of north latitude, which the surveys have been
made and where s proposed locate the Southern
line for the Pacific Railroad. In that region of country
the great ranges Of mountains OF which ! have oeen
speaking disappear, and continuous ridges are found
interfere with the construction OF railroad The sur
veys which have been made by the government prove
ciIies and advantages work OF this nature which
are not found on either OF those which have Deen sur
veyed north of It, It's length from tue Gulf coast OF Texas
10 San Diego in California will be about 600 miles,
about half the distance from ocean TO ocean Of the Inns
al the map that the southeast tendency OF the Pacific
coas the western exten OF the Gur o. Mexico
cut the continent more than half in two In the region un
der consideration and reduce the distance between
the To eli descriptions OF merchandise may
be transported on railway from one 10 the other at
cost During the last winter coal carried
the Baltimore and Ohio Rar Dad at centa mile per ton
for 81 the hundred miles at tins rate package goods
may be Transported rom Gulf of Texas
Pacific ports about SIC shall proceed to sho~
that place this freight at t~o or three times that
sum- this line must .til be ZONE the great commercial
chsnue bewee en- the Atlantic and Pacific In this pro-
gressve age celebrity Of movement may Justly be regard
ed the hfe Of trade becomes the law OF essty
every reliant to do that which anyone else
may accomplish with certainty and profit il is this Law
which regulates commercial Intercourse and the opera
into without regard TO cost OF freight
and sends thousands OF tons from New York to San
81 cost Of from $500 70 5000 at ton when freghs round
Cape Horn range from $lz to $25 Is the same necessity
which forces teegaphic messages upon the wires at an
three cents The position of this Southern Pacific line
presents very peculiar and striking commercial advan
tsgee, which cannot be claimed for It's Northern compet
tors. Il is proposed make Of is termini n
Diego. the ioutermos post OF California TIE distance from
than from Panama 10 sydney consequently II the pro
posed line Of railway were completed, passengers and
New York from Elk 10 gh days team they could
be conveyed from sydney 70 Panams. have seen ia
recent pumber Of London paper the announcement OF
the British ROY al Mail Screw steam Packet Company tina
they about establish q line OF STEAMERS from
Southampton Aspinwal. and nom Panama TO sydney;
days When the railroad Is completed the voyage may
be performed from Liverpool via New York and San
ofwenty days OF the through the United
States, and placing this city within twenty five days OF
the principal port in Australia The voyage to England
round The Cape OF Good Hope from the principal ports OF
Australia in common trading ships, requires, believe,
about 25 days The papers OF this morning nent,on the
arrival CT ships Liverpool from Australia with
millions and half Of dol This must have
been nearly four months on n way TO England; by the
proposed route, San Diego TO New York, some
ibee month"; interest on the Of millions annually export
ed from Australia would be saved This ceeriy OF move
mep attended a. IL will be with greater security, will
queetiopAby force the travel and transportation Of
rtasure and merchandise betweea Australia and Eng
xno upon the line under confederation From tee most
suthen nation. Ia believed that the Northern
States CT co, chihuahua and SON contain the
rcbeft and most extensive silver mines 10 the world Ia
fact, if we may believe the statements made by Mr.
wsrd Brish Minister Mexico 1877, and those puo.
isbeo by Mr.. Wilson early 10 the present year, would
not be an extravassnt calculation II we we're 70 esti
mate The product Of the precious metals In those Two
States II distant day 10 be equal to the present en-
port Of gold from California II 10 stated by the autho
rites Ab n enorsd that the veins OF silver 10 those
States rich that the metal Is procured BY simple
smelling and not by crushing and amasam mating the ore
The supply Of ooa, which Texas will AFFORD on the oon
plei,on In. Pacific road viii give all the facilities
sary to- working those silver mines on the most exten
sve scale. The statements OF Messrs. Ward and VII.
son, respec,pg the richness q the mines or
Chihuahua and Sonora would appear almost ipo-e
oibs wers they not sustained by the official
reports the archives OF Mexico. II stated by
writers that solid blocks Of silver weighing from loo los
10 more Than 27oo lbs were cat from those odcs aud
Anzuna from possession OF the Indians Count
Rousse de Bourbon lost his lie some eighteen ontas
the region purchased by the Gadsden treaty and Is
ported that 10 Coo have already goee
there for the purpose Of worsoe the gold mines winch
said 10 be very rich, well ne the silver. IL will be
perceived from the foregoing statement Of a,ts aud ar
sumenu that the completion Of railroad 70 the Pacific
on the southern limo, will open 10 this city direct and
speedy communication with the three great treasure pro-
ducins regions OF the word-Caliiorna Australia and
sCpora and there be little doubt that the
Of the United States will receive great impulse by
The Introduction OF tlver from Sonora and gold from Aus
rais a. Old and st does ffsm the proauct Of oaifof
MAS gold. have ready obs-rvcf that the line of
the proposed work The great mountain disappear
and consequently there nothing TO obs'ruc the rega
walls there. as In California, about months In the
year afordirg In that mild climate all the necessary
and alum .sr, crop. Of nutrition. grasses. il vii thers
tore be that this ROAD presents very decided agr
cultural ~ well metallic and commercial advantages
San Diego has been mentioned OF the termini az
the Pacific read but toe Secretary OF War so proposes
20 extend the line TO San Francs which according 20
veys, will axe the distance from New YORK
that place about 1900 miles The product Of gold 10
Canorna has caused some remarkable changes In the
course of commerce In The Pacific ValpsIa also which
formerly the depot o. the American, European and
China trade has become the tributary o. sau Francisco
appeal 10 the merchants whom have the honor 10 ID
dress TO sustain In the assertion that very large
portion Of the merchandise shipped at this port and dos
lined for The Valparaiso market V sent 10 San Francisco
where meets the China trade destined for the
market and OF assorted goods then prepared
and sen, down ibe coast p valparaiso Thus u ~i be
that the commerce Of the Atlantic ana raciie has
inevitable tendency TO concentrate al Nes York aud
San Francisco.
Mr. King In conclusion referred the subject OF ooean
steam navigation, and stated that the national policy
augurated In he bill introduced and carried through
Cor grtss by him in ls47 has been forgotten by
minsrations Had the principle Of assisting private
trprise IN steam navigation been continued, should
have had no trouble with Collins Vanderbilt or ohcr.
The 'ame construction that of ships required
ocean steamers, and single vessel Of the Collins line
account Of h grester speed would be infinitely more
dangerous 10 enemy than all steam irigatss tose
Their bampered as they are with rg which
any Of them attaining greater s,eed Than eight