The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-05-04

viii b the true glory OF the E.sr.s Oity rosrs are
| those who believe that modern Rome (tasy mean tas
Church of Rome and al ersauo ~ sucs the dest
toO OF the city Of the Cssars quite inter eating ~
ancient Rome and even more 80; bu. not belong
that class OF morta called enthusiast and still less am
"a artist In the true meaning Of the word There u
grandeur Of design massive eternal thought typical
character in all Roman antiqrit which almost en-
hances them to fossil remsns OF Roman people from
which the comparative snatonst-hs historical Cuysrs
smorg the philosophers-ay trace the whole creature
called Roman"-its habits mode of life Its ons
vices and virtues Nothing Of the kind found in mo-
dem Rome it is-splsndd palaces and gorgeous em
PIES by the side Of wretchsd, dirty hove the hsboas
OF the poor; sided cultivation Of ths 6ns arts With
the mos. profound ignorance superstition and all
Of vice oa the part OF the great mass Of the people
am Thankful nevertheless for what the Church Of Rome
hss done during the middle ages though of its
abuses have furnished splendid themes for satire to the
best Italian poes-Dante, Boccacoio and Pstsarch.
am aware that Rome has done mu,h good out o.
Rcme-tbat II has INDICATED the slavery of the feudA
sysremthat by placing itself above tho arbitrary kings
and princes of tina middle ages il has restrained their
passions and pleaded the of the people, when Their,
VA DO p..ef e ssrh r. PeAS their and when
Hary will Of their despotic rulers. admit oil that and
great deal more am that the Church Of Rome
the custodian Of the learning and writings OF aso
antiquity; that IT had most powerful and benign in
uence the revival of the arts that the great
OF civilization in those times In Short that 1T had
great mission to fulfl-a mission greater than ths
,hurch itse dreamed of and that for al this it
entitled to the sincere gratitude Of every Christian OF
whatever religious political persuasion. But then,
vast deal of what in former ages the peculiar Office
the church to prevent and to accomplish, has ba
come the organic Law OF many States under material
guar antees such the church could Afford and
The spirit oi the age, ana the peculiar form tnst
spiritual not only Of Rome but OF all churches,
far selfdeteym'naton aud i1dvidual have enamel
psted themselves from the restraints Of positive
ihority. Modern Rome. therefore, exercises real
power. 1t is obliged, even in church matters to act
6iums beyond its actual control. Il is no longer
growing and presenting but S,.s; Yielding and
OF authority, but being in reality reduced to the
spiritual ssory to worldly power. From being
the Of kings the church has become tbs spiritual
adviser CT thsi jsses, the minister Of consolation
to those of i's chill ren who may bear MORT
fcatOn Tor her sake. Modern Rome, therefore IL
much ancient Rome. Luther and Gavin, in
tie 10th century destroyed Its authority wherever their
centules have produced Thousand Calvns in every
geocgist che mist and astronomer That has tortured
lure to reveal to m her secrets and the mystic lava
which govern and support the world The sphere CT
Ggiop, which once comprised rot sny ali thu moral
sciences including Jurisprudence but also all the
ply steal has been narrowed down 10 fev postu
iauus ii size suppose shat
modem Rome can again aim at universal power and
influence.
The Church of Rome 70 far reduced power that
requires gar ison OF Ffsrch soldiers protec itself
tiom vulgar vel.nc at home FIR you may set It down
fixed fact that the departure Of the French
troops from the PApai state worldly or spiritual
power would be strong enough to hold il together
the ct violence with which the church thres
tened which, by revlsion of puolis sentiment,
has aey Increased is friends and supporters out the
their lent G.psueant on their generosity Take
away The protecting Influence Of France and Aus
ta and the Church OF Rome would In vain seek for an
rsy Ln in sll Italy, and the castle Of San Angelo
wou once more become tcmb-the tomb OF Plus tne
Ninth. Rome then, IS again in ruins compared 10 its
and influence in the middle ages, to it'd world
wide empire the time of iis classic antiquity The
temptation OF such q city has its charms ii be emf
nenty suggestive and Instructive; il is elegy hu
man greatness, a patire on human vanity, ana
numensl teacher OF history; but it is not place in
which d. sizes to live any more than 10 church
yard though every grave decorated with flowers
and ever, tombstone monument OF art Thoss never
ceasng ard changes which we call hie and Of
amount, quite pleasing 10 watch and observe
the which the movements of his ideas
compab rg these have traoed stone and
the past of 20 value to shs present unless
Its xperiehce and essoDs applicable to the solution
OF problem in which maknd Is stu engaged at the pre-
line Every thing you behold here conyinces you
that Rene hencefrth can only teach such lessons a.
silent monitor tina. its grandeur and power are gone,
and that the Church OF Rome self marks only &c gra
phica position The HOLY Father might well reside ia
Paris, in Madrid, in Vienna in other Catholic
ca, Europe here the ruins ofanctsut power.
The mbs Of the apostles and martyrs wonld stu te
visited In Rome the holy sepachre is visited In aru
salem; but the church of Rome wonld neither
acquire lose political power By such trans
| la,ion Of its visible head. APope without worldly
prncpaly, court or MOBILES WOULD perhaps, increase
his spiritual influence, because /. would comport better
with the spirit Of age and tna fundamental idea
of Christianity that the humble shall bs exalted. The
Catholic church certainty received most eff sent aid from
the institutions Of IT'S charitable friars, and the OF
eternal poverty in no small degree TO the ex
eIcise of their actual power A wealthy church seated
throne will always give birth to numerous cissen
tiers; but church without worldly possessions, whose
bishops and prelaes heud become humble imi ators Of
their great master vyeng with each other not in rank
virtue would in this age of doubt and uubeltef
conquer the worlt and make its peace with the poge"
Of refer aid in its promotion as II heretofore for
nshed the great theme for the inspiration Of art.
These reflections naturally lead me 10 the consideration
of Austria and the Holy See told yon in previous
letter that Austria that concordat for political
YOURS Impsrors mind but tia. they also form part Of
the system OF Capitalization which Francis Joseph has
adopted with view Of Gsrmanzug his Scavonan, Hun.
ga1sn and Polish subjects In Italy that is 10 say in
IombaI6y and Venice, that policy OF Austria is unava
rg ard hence Austria permits her Italian bishops to put
such structon the concordat will best establish
the eracy of the church, please the bishops them
seve Illustrate the attempts Of the agents OF MAJ
| zin to rLdeI mine both Church and State through
out all the Italian States But to allow the Catholic
/ bishops of the German. Hur garisn, and Polish
az Austria to construe the concordst ~ they
may th,yk fit and capitulate to the church in all
matters strictly within its ecclesiastical province
| was ever for single moment the purpose OF Baron
Zach, the author and originator oil tne concoroat On
| the contrary, the Austrian government organs have
| since explained the why the Emperor, in all
| Catholic church matters implicitly submitted to the
Pope. He gave the head Of the Catholic chur,h what
his to to himself and the state all the
things which not of strictly Catholic religious
| character Now, say these organs, that the con-
codat is concluded with the Holy Father and the CAtho
lie church, as of right it ought be, is placed under
his control, the Emperor may with good conscience
apply timsef 10 TO the Calvniss in Hungary,
Noisvs apd Pennsylvania the free and undisurbed
ercise o. their vorhp, for they equally the Enpe
rois SUI iecs and tave right to his protection. The
concorca refers exclusively the In church
matters Of the Fmpefor's Catholic subjects the
all others Ia LETT 70 the Emperor. And order that
there Re collision between the authorities OF the
pefors domniors and those of other churches there
establish since the time Of the Reformation, the En-.
peror called Meeting Of ali the Catholic bishops OF
his empire nj Vienna in order that proper under
| star drg may be had between them and the civil
| officers OF the government The Holy Father here
| in Rome was uuoer ths impression that this meeting
called eccle siastical