New-York daily tribune., 1856-02-12
fgures:

figures:
Imported from Proportion of'chl
Rus.A Pounds eIportstion-
In Ilsooy lls per eeet
Ia lSE....,............'.'...'t 'tt6tG - pereea'.
In eco 80 per cent
The same stimulus having been applied to hemp
in India, the proportion of the supply required By
England is steadily decreasing while cotton gooas
are every where superseding linens, and EngllA
machinery is enabling her people to supply the
latter so adyantageously that that branch oil mane
faeture is, says NJ. Tegoborski, acquiring Ia
importance menacDg for the linen indastp
''of Germany and other countries" We see
nevertheless, that Russia prospers; and she does
so because she is daily diminishing her dependence
on foreign markets, monopozed by men whO0
only cry is cheap cotton, cheap llax and "cheap
labor"-always the labor of the slave.
Resistance to the cheap labor" system is al
tended everywhere by increase of freedom among
the laborers, as is seen IN Germany, Belgium, and
France; and such should prove 10 be the case 70 [
Russia. That it is So is shown by the observation
OF NJ HaxthauseD above referred TO, TO the greas
increase Of wages, and the tendency toward dir {
solution of the "patriarcha tie" that hitherto had
held the master and the slave together. Eyey.
where he found that the diversity of employmenn
had brought about that state OF things in which,
while still retaining a claim for a small annual pay.
ment, the great proprietors permitted their sers
to select for Themselves their own mode of employ
ment, and dispose at their pleasure of the pro
ceeds Of their labor, while they themselves wers
being served with hired servants.
Every measure Of the Government has tended 10
the same direction. by an ukase Of 1927, the scff
was declared an integral and inseparabe portion d
the soil, and thus was at once abolished the trade
in human flesh. Next great bank was estS'
lished, by which loans were made TO the laDdA
proprietor to the extent Of twOthirds of the vale
of the property, and upon such conditions Of re-
payment as tended greatly TO produce the result
OF enabling the Crown eventually to become pro-
prietor payment of the remaining third and thus
TO convert the people on the land into subjects
the Crown, where before they had been mere ssffs
OF private individuals. As Crown peasants thq
held their dwellings and their little pieces OF lsnd
subject only 10 the payment Of five roubes m
each male person in lieu of rent, ADD are free n
employ their land and labor at their pleasur.
Next, to the seTf was secured not only the rightc
possessing property, but the right TO enter int
contracts, and the recognition ID their testimony
the courts law which before had been denied thea
"Sti the serf," says recen! traveller, "coli r6
buy his own freedom, but be became free by the pW
chase e the patch Of soil TO which he was linked 70
such purchase the right Of contract cleared bis roat
The lazy Russian who worked with an ill-wil toEss /
hi: master doing as little a. he could for the ntesProL
toiled day and night for bis own advantage. ifenes
vas replaced by the dIgent Improvement OF his tsns
brutal drunkenness by frugalty and sobrety; ~
earth, previously neglected, requited the unwOned cS
VIII lts nchest treasures. BY the magic Of iDdosH
wretehed hoyels were Transformed into comfortsn Z
dwellings, wildeTnesses into blooming felds desof0
sfppes and deep morasses into productive land "ho'
&C mnunies lately sunk in poverty, exhibited unn-
taxable signs Of competency aud weu-doIng'
BY dint Of Q series of measures such a. are abo'l
described, steadily pursued during long series o
years, one half of the people of Russia hsVeF
ready become free from all claim for personal 81 .
vices, az viii be seen BY the following table:
!. Peasants sa6ect 10 Pcrsoadl Serviee "a corrs@Z
Peasants beou sing to Individual. h all the GoTern-
Sens OF European Rus's' seooEtns to the census As; 20
P,asant, s,fsched he lands psr,anins the oS 40
Pea'.n,. tac c.ova domain: 10, 1. scd from s
eorVee IN some Of tse Western GoVernmeEts.... -
-o,,l.................nSa, .nSa,. .
II. Csht~aiors a0t suIjea 10 Personal lSerroe
Male Popasnes /
Peasants Of The state domains ps via 80
foeisr eoloni'is o. the state domains 80
Soeh-rd isseiies' zofn
0anorsso ss'
s, p''an'' and CHER eui'iy.'oI not subject s
ro,,, ........u 61,"
On comparing these two totals we ind INA.
DsmbeI OF peasap stiD spbieet 10 the ssJves W.