Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1856-01-11

INTERIoA.

ouggeS1OnS II contains, as Tor tne lnJefeS
and importance Of the subjects TO whicl
they refer. SIS -sefz
i The aggregate amount of public lanC
sold during the last fiscal year, located witt
military script or land warrants, taken VI
under grants for roads, andselected as swamp
lands by States, is "a, ,557, ,4OGaeres, Of which
the portion sold was l5,729, ,524 acres, Weld.
ing inrcceipts the sumof $Il, ASS, $780, In
the same period of time, s,z23,S54 acre:
have been surveyed; but in consideration
Of the quantity already subject to entry, nc
additional tracts have been brought into
market -
The peculiar relation of the general gov
eFnment to the District Of Columbia, rem
ders it proper to commend to your care
not only its material, but alsoits moral IN
ferests, including education, moro especially
n those parts Of the district outside of the
cities Of Washington and Georgetown .
Tho commissioners appointed to revise
and eodify the laws of the district have
made such progress in the performance of
their task, as to insure its completion in
the time prescribed by the act of Congress.
information has recently been received,
that the peace of the settlements in the
Territories of Oregon and Washington, is
disturbed by kostilities on the part Of the
Indians, with indications Of extensive COM
binations Of hostile character 2mong the
tribes in that quarter, the more serious in
their possible effect by reason Of the unde-
termined foreign interests existing in those
Territories, to which your attention has al
ready been especially invited Efficient
measures have been taken, which, tits be-
liesed, viii restore quite, and afford pnotec-
ton to cur citizens. % vle-cl1g 1I
In the Territory of Kansas, there have
been acts preiadieial to good order, but as
vet none have occurred under circumstan-
ces TO Justify the interposition of the federal
executive. That could only be in the ease
Of obstruction to federal law, or of organi-
zed resistance to territorial law, assuming
the character of insurection, which, if it
should occur, it would be my duty prompt
ly to ooyefcome and suppress lcherish the
hope, however, that the occurrence & any
such untoward event will be prevented by
the sound sense of the people Of the Ter
ritory, who, by its organic law, possessing
the nghtte determine their own domestic
institutions are entitled, while deporting
themselves peacefully, to the free exercise Of
that right, and must be protected in the en-
joyment Of il, without interference on the
part of the citizens of any of the States.
The Southern boundary line of this Ter
ritorV has never been surveyed and estab-
Eshed. The rapidly extending settlements
in that region, and the fact that the main
route between Independence, in the State
Of Missouri, and New Mexico, is contiguous
to this line, suggest the probability that en-
baTrSssing questions of jurisdiction may con-
sequently arise. For these and other con-
siderations, Icommend the subject to your
early attention.
CONSTITUTIONAL THEORY OF THE GOVERN
MENT.
/ have thus passed in review the general
state Of the Union, including such particu-
lar concerns of the federal government
whetherof domestic or foreign relation, as
it appeared to me desirable and useful to-
bring to the especial notice of Congrcss.-
Unlike the great States of Europe and As
ID, and many Of those of America, these
United States are wasting their strength
neither in foreign war nor domestic strife.--l
Whatever Of discomfort or public dissatis-
faction exists, is attributable to the imper-
lection Of human nature, or is incident to all
governments, however perfect which hu-
man wisdom can devise. Such subjects of
political agitation as occupy the public
mind, consists, to great extent, Of an ex-
aggeration of inevitable evils, or over zeal
IN social improvement, or mere imagination
of grievance, having but remote connections
with any of Unconstitutional functions or
duties of the federal government Towhat
ever extent these questions exhibit ten
dency menacing to the stability of the con
or the integrity of the Union, and |
no farther, they demand the consideration
Of the Executive, and require it to be pre-
sented by him to Congress.
Before the Thirteen Colonies became
confederation of independent States, they
were associated only By community Of trans
atlantic origin, by geographical position, and
by mutual dependence on Great Britain.
When the tie was sundered, they severally
assumed the powers and wrights of absolute
selfgovernment. The municipal and social
institutions Of each other, its laws of prop
erty and Of personal relation-eyen is po-
litical organization-were such as each one
chose to establish wholly without any inter.
ference from any other. In the language
Of the Declaration of Independence, each
State had "full power to levy war, conclude
peace, contract alliances, establish commcr,a,
ind to do al other acts and things which
States may of right do" Tho
several colonies differed in clilnatr, in soil in
natural productions, in religion, in systems
of education, in legislation, and in the forms
II political administration: and they contin-
led to differ IN these respects when they al
led themselves as States to carry on the
war Of the Revolution, -
The object of that war was to disenthral
he United Colonies from foreign rule, which
iad proved to be oppressive, aud to seperate
hem permanently from the mother coun-
"; the political result was the foundation
# federal republic of the free white men
f the colonies, constituted, as they were,
q distinct and reciprocaly dependent State
9oyernmelts. AS. for the subject races,