Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1856-06-09
Et.n a. Phiind.lrAia I.onir.r.
THE GUANo TRADE AND ITS EXTENT-THE AMER
lcAN PLANTERS AND FARMERS. AND TIE PERU
WAN GOVERNMENT

Fisas the Philadelphia Ea9sirsr.
THE GUANo TRADE AND ITS ENTENT-THE AMER
lcAN PLANTERS AND FARMERS AND TIE PERU
WAN GOVERNMENT.
Convention Is be held In the city Of Washington
on Tuesday next for the purpose of consulting in rea
ton To the high price of Peruvian Gusn and the best
course be pursued by the Farmers aud Planters Of the
United States upon the subject Most OF the Agricultural
Societies have appointed delegstea The Peruvian Minis
ter has already issued letter. in which he endesvors to
explain aud justify tho course OF his Government lie
saws that that Government sends the Uuted States for
sale the quantity that it thinks necessary the de-
msnd aud IL does the with other foreign markets,
without increasing the price Of the article in the
than In the other. That is unable supply the In
crcasug demand from Great Britain and the Continent,
where is being brought into general use, and sells
50" ton That the United States do not at present
fourth of the gusno exported from Peru, IL
cannot be reasonably expected that the Peruvian Govern
ment should make any reduction OF price in favor OF
American agricultuts to the prejudice OF those Of other
nations whose rapidly increasing consumption Of the
tice Peru finds 1t difficult supply, the above
mentioned price That Peru regards its guano deposits
"a sacred trust o inapprecabe value, To be preserved
from spolation, and tocrcd and husbanded with the
greatest and vigilance for the present well fu
ture benefit OF the nation and that in hs opinion iu
stead Of promoting the increased consumption there
OF, t would hcuceforth he its policy diminish
aud restrict the such yearly be
deemed sufficient pay the rnterest national debt
aud contribute with the other productive OF the
Republic, TO deTay the OF the govern
mcnt.
He concludes by stating that the Peruvian government
will persist in adherng to the system heretofore pursued
and that advantage possibly result from fur
Their agitation Of the subject But the Farmers and Plan
tiers OF the United States do think and hence the
proposed Convention. correspondent OF the New York
Evening fost who has been eHployed Ia loading ship
with gnsno at the Chnca islands has to
the editor OF that paper some interesting information con-
eernng the trade He has been at the islands three diff
ierent times ami nearly six months in all The last time
he there was in the Summer and Fall of 1888. He
that he found times five hundred sail vessels
together loading with gusno generally large ships One
ship 1900 burfhen Not less than three hundred
sail OF vessels the islands loadrg for the Uni
ted States, SPAIN Portugal France aud English aud Ger
ports Some cargoes sent To Consantinope and
to Russian ports in the Black Sea This before
the ia the Crnes- The Russian trade will open
again. both from the Black Sea and the Baltic Frcghts
high. 60 les often paid per from Liverpool
aud Hampton Roads Generally, shlugs uore a ton
freight is paid to Europe. At the which guano is
shipped at the Chncha Islands il will be exhausted
III six To eight yeas-not ton will be- LEFT. Twenty thou
sand tons are sometimes removed from the islands in s
Gle day
The ChnChs Islands are about one hundred miles north
from Callao. The longest Of the group two miles in
length, and quarter OF mile WIDE but contains only
small quantity Of guano The norihrry is the small
lest, beng mile in length by halt mile ia breadth
Guano on tn. island is two hundred and City ieet deer.-
The island contains Chinese settlement of Coolies about
Thousand in number who employed in digging iano
and loading the vessels.
task i, given them each day and If the gang fail to
get out the gwen number OF wagon loads OF two tons
each day, their bondage continued longer period to
make it up many months or days added wagon
loads wanting.
The Coolies are cheated into the belief that they are In
be shipped from China California and the gold dggiugs
aud further deceived 10y the offer OF free passage
The knowing Chinese or the Maudarns ship them. The
ship master carries them to the Peruvian and sells the
cargo OF living Chinese for his freight money. All this
time the Cinnamon kept in irons and confined below
in the hold of the ship The Peruvian government pur
chase the OF living Coolies paying the Yankee
English captain round for his care diligence and
labor in stealing Cinnamon from their homes sent into
the gnHO mines at Peru for life, for FIVE to seven
years snd to be held ia bondage peouage pay their
passage to the glorious land OF the Meds
The guano is hard and only be broken up with the
pickaNe IL Is then broken and shoveled the wag
and rolled from the shutters into the vessel No person
can 90 upon come away from these islands without
pass, they guarded by than one hundred
armed soldiers belonging TO Peru.
The Pcruvans send all their prisoners of State the
guano mines, say about two TO three hundred where
they let out to work by day. and night shut up
in their cells with only meal. perdAy These prisoners
are generally provided with wives female companions
who have been permitted to 90 To the ads aud hire
themselves for work and prostitution They are most
~ Indians, natives OF the county. There fresh wa
ter on the Islands, and each vessel Is compelled by law TO
carry ton o fresh water there for .u den
of the ship The oldest Captain in the aeet ion each ua
uon u appointed Commodore, and HOSTS hI flag such
his ship, where all disputes settled Indeed the
municipal laws of the islands oud the feet decidedly
OF Yankee origin.
The islands about miles from the min land and
are composeed OF red sand stone. TIL guano con
ssts only of the deposits Of birds but of the mud
Of tue ocean Messrs Gibbs Bright, # Liverpool
have lease Of the islands from the Peruvian govern
ment for five years This expires in 1851 bat they hope
10 obtain renewal of it, The price paid the govern
ment Is 81 80 per ton for the privilege tng all the
from the Islands, aud the the
aborcrs.