The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1856-12-12

serted by Great Brian, 10 DOMINION or control over
territories, on or Two of the routes, those Of
Nicaragua and Honduras, We're deemed by the URl-
ted States. not merely Incompatible with the main
object of the treaty, but opposed even 10 its express
sfipulations.A
Occasion Of controversy this point has beenre
moved by an additional treaty, which our minister at
London has concluded, and which will be immediate
iy submitted 10 the Senate for lis consideration.
Should the proposed supplemental arrangement be
concurred IL by all the parties TO be affected BY u,
the objects contemplated by the original convention
viii have been fully attained.
The treaty between the United States and Great
Buiiain, of the 5th OF June 1854, which went into
effective operation in 1855, put end 10 of
irritation between the two countries, by securing TO
he United States the right of fishery The coast of
the British NeTth American Provinces, with advan-
tages equai 10 those enjoyed by British subjects.
Besides the signal benefits Of this treaty to large
class of citizens engaged IN pursuit connected
in incousaeFable degree with national prosper
ity and strength, has had favorable effect upon
other interests in the provision il made for recpro-
cal freedom of trade between the UnitedSta and
the British Provinces in America.
The exports of domestic articles to those provin-
ces, during the last year, amounted TO more thaH
Twenty-Five millions OF dollars, exceeding those Of
the preceding by nearly millions of dollars :
and the imports therefronl, during the same PERIOD
amounted to more than twenty-one milllons--an IN
crease OF six millions upon those OF the previous
year.
l.
is mainly attributable 10 the above mentioned
treaty.
Provision was made in the first article OF that
treaty, for commission to designate the mouths OF
rivers 10 which the common right OF fishery on the
coast Of the United States and the British Provinces
pleyed part Of two seasons, but without much pro-
gress in accomplishing the object for which was IN
Stituted 10 consequence OF a-serious difference o! O.
pinion between the connniSsj joners, not only 10
the precise point where the rivers terminate, bnt in
many instances TO what constitutes river
These difficulties. however, may be overcome by
sort to the umpirage provided for by the treaty
The efforts perseveringly prosecuted since the
commencement Of my administration 10 relieve our
trade 10 the Baltic from the exaction of sound dues
by Denmark, have not yet been attended with sue
cess. Other governments have also sought 10 obtain
like relief TO their commerce, and Denmark was
thus induced TO propose arrangement to all the
European Powers interested in the subject and the
manner in which her propo- -iton was received, war
ranting her TO believe that satisfactory arrange
ment with them could soon be concluded, she made
strong appeal 10 the government for temporary
pension Of definite action its part. in considera-
ton of the embarrassment which might result TO her
European negotiations by Immediate adjustment
of the question with the United States.
This question has been acceded TO, upon the condI-
tion that the snms collected after the 9th of June
last, and until the 9th of June next, from vessels
and cargoes belonging 10 merchants. are 10 be
ture adjustment There is reason to believe that an
arrangement between Denynar * and maratme pow
OF Furope on the subject viii soon be concluded
and that the pending negotiation with the United
States may then be resumed and terminated in sat
isactory manner.
With Spain no new ficulties have arisen, nor has
much progress been made in the adjustment OF pend
ing ones.
Negotiations entered into for The purpose Of
evn& commercial intercourse with he Island of
u
speedy settlement of local disputes growing out of
that intercourse have yet been attended with any
results.
Soon after the commencement of the late in
Europe, this government submitted to the consldera-
ton of naratime nations, two principles for the
curtY Of neutral commerce; one, that the neutral
flag should enemies goods, except articles
traband Of war; and the other, that neutral property
on board merchant vessels Of beigerents should be
exempt from condemnation, with the exception Of
contrabsnd articles.
These We're not presented as new rules of intprna-
tional law; having been generally claimed by
trails, though not always admitted beligerentS.
One of the parties to war-Russia--as we'll as
raj neutral powers promptly acceded TO these prop
osliions and the two other principal belligerens,
Great Britain and France, having consented 10 OBJ
serve them for the present occasion, favorable OPP
portunity seemed to be presented for obtaining
general recognition of them both in Europe and A
merca.
most of the states of Europe, while lorbearing TO
ject, did not afhrfnativey act the overtures of
the United States.
While the question IN this position, the rep
resenatyes of Russia, France, Great Britain. Aus
tra, Prussia, Sardinia, and Turkey, assembled at
Paris took into consideration the subject of mara
time rights, and put forth declaration containing
the two principles which this government had sub
mltted nearly two years before the consideration
Of maratime powers. and adding thereto the follow
iror iz
boIished," and ''BIoekades in order to be binding
must be effective, that Is to say, maintained by a
force sufieIeH really TO prevent TO the coast
OF the enemy" and 10 the declarations thus compo-
sed of four points, two of which had already been
proposed by the United States this government has
been invited by all the Powers represented at Paris
except Great Britain and Turkey.
To the last of the Two additional propostions--that
in relation TO bockades-there can certainly be no
objection II is merely the definition of what shall
constitute the efectna investment of blockaded
place, detiitou Tor winch this government has al
ways eontended, claiming indemnity for losses where
practical violation of the rule thus defined, has
been injurious 10 our commerce. As TO the remain
ing article of the declaration Of the conference of
Paris, 'hat prvateering is and remains abolished
cannot certainly ascribe 10 the powers represented
in the conference of Paris, any but liberal and phil
anthTopic views IN the attempt TO change the un-
questionable rule of maratipe law in regard TO pr-
Watering.
Their proposition was doubtless intended 10 imply
approval of the principle that private property upon
the ocean, although it might belong TO the ciizens of
a beigerent State, should be exempted from cap
ture; and had that proposition been so framed as TO
give full effect to the principle wouh have recei
we'd my ready assent behalf OF the United States
But the measure proposed is inadequate 10 that pnr-
pose. It IS true that if adopted, private property up
on the ocean would be withdrawn from one mode of
plunder, bot left exposed meanwhile, to another
mode, which could be used with increased effective
ness.
The aggressive capacity Of great naval powers
would be -fheraby augmented, while The defensive a
bility of others would be reduced. Though the sur
render Of the means of prosecuting ho<tilites by