Smyrna times., 1856-07-09
Sdttt Sflistrllanp.
North and South Carolina.


>. recently travelled in the above States, writ,
thus in regard to them.
Inc eastern portion of these States is lovo
J. 'he soil sandy and thin. There are numorou
IS anu extensive swamps abounding in Cvpru
g tuilOer' Bay-treeS, Magnoias, Palmetto. eic
j. Inese swamp lands, when cleared M, max
valuable rice plantations. The more elevate
, portions OF the level lands are covered with
IuAuriaht growth OF the long-leafed yeIlov
: pine, from which the turpentine is obtained
very large number of the farmers. csncciaIIv :,
the eastern part of North Carolina devote tben
selves TO the turpentine and far hn.;noc, w
were ihuch interested in the process of p,on,,
iactnrng these articles. The trees arc bo,'o'
; "eur 'he root, frequently on both sides the tur
Pehtihe eNudcs into these boxes. Dnrino n,
warm weather, every few weeks the hands gl
"'ough the forests, and, with an instrumnn,
"iuue vi purpose, cut away a portion of thf
oulh ana sap OF the tree above the hovns y
Increase the cXhudation. This is cont;nnoJ
ior several years, and until the trees have hoo,,
SCARED twenty or thirty feet from the ,,ronnJ
ana their vitality is exhausted. For tho frs,
TWO or three years the turpentine is Thin ond
c'car' and is called virgin turpentine. Wh"n
.ne '"Aes are filled, they are emptied with ;,
"lnu oi spoon INTO barrels, and they are riamov-
eu 10 'he dlstlllerles In the neighborhood wbero
ny tne ordinary process of dstIllation. tho snir,
It's Vi 'urPeltIne are obtained. The residnum
'C"n"'h'hg Ia The stlll Is rosin. When the vir-
=" 'uIPentlne is distilled, the rOsin is less abuu
daht' but IS clear, white, and commands = hi,L-
cr price. When tree has heon nsod Co.. "'s' 80
! RAJ years, the eNhudation is more cIamn,v aud
thick, aud adheres more to the Scared s,yrf:,a,
oL lh" tree This Is called Scrnpe and lis vinId
OF spirits Is not so abundant, the amount ofyoS,,
! greater but darker and less valuable Indood
""ch transportation Is difficult it is emntiod
upon the ground and goes to waste.
by Sublectlng rosin to an intense hcat an oil
's obtained which is valuable for burning and
other purposes. "''0
When the life of the pine has been exb,ns,
ed' The knots are removed, and the fatty nor.
'lonS (cal'ed lght-wood) are split into small
pieces ana arranged into piles, like our coal
P''S' covered with earth and fired \ trench !.
lug ana tue wood so arranged that, as the t.r
"'cH our, II passes through the trench into =
'''Se noic oAcalated IN the ground, when il i
Darrelied up and transported TO market Aticr
'ne TAR is obtained, the rcsduun of the wood !;
charcoal but inferior in quality to our charcoaI
me manufacture of tar is not remuneraiiro
uhicss CONVENIENT to a navigab bic stream mr. ,.;I
road depot. 1t will not pay the cost of tran..
Porialion. When the pine lands are cleared
Tue ground lS used for the cultivation of corn
cottoh' small grain and sweet potatoes. On
u0co'.'I oi inc SOIL beng thin aud sandy. but
'''y ic" crops can be taken before the land is |
worthless and thrown out to common 'Pons or
thousands Of acres have been abandoned and
are covered with worthless grass. called
. broom scdge," sweet gum, stunfed mines and
scru D oaks. IL is proper to remark that. bv the
application OF guano and judicous rotation Of
crops The fertility OF these lands is perpetna.
ted' ana their productions greatly multlplicd
lhc ylcld OF wheat and corn is very small. cot.
ION ueIng the principal staple. The planters
are compelled 10 cultivate corn, and thcv uaka |
IL pr0htable, because their laborers can cnIti.
Va'e II when their cotton crop does not rcuuIre
thelr entire attention AS no kind of 1ros.
grows upon these lands they must have tho
corn blades with which to feed their horses
mules and cattle. Horned cattle are inferior in
SIZE and quality; indeed, their delicate and
haIt-starVed appearance excite ones sympathy
On The margins OF their rivers the soil is better
adapted to corn, and the small growth of cane
furnishes tolcrable food for cattle, but COW
iio'n ne Olue grass woods pastures of Kentucky
wouiu DC curiosity IN either North or South
I II'oii''a' III the western portions of these
States the climate, soil and productions are on.
lIrcly unlike the eastern. In the west tbero i
no tnfpentlne pInc, not even enough TO kiudIe
lIres The timber is oak, che nut. woods nine
gum, beech, etc. The soil is better ada ntad to
corn, wheat and oats, although cotton is chilli.
Vated 10 some extent. One planter, ON the
french Broad, west of the Blue Ridpe in North {
Carolina, raised one hundred and twenty busb.
els OF corn TO the acre last year. Irish pota.
-oeS arc raised IN greater abundance in the ,
west than IN the east, although the soil and /
climate are not well adapted to them. Sweet ,
potatoes are also grown here in immcneo !
lnantitleS, and are used freely for the Ia
Die as well as for feeding hogs They are ,
easily preserved throughout the year. The ,
climate IN the western or mountain regions is .
lelIghtiui, never as warm or as cold as i'm the =
he middle States. A very intelligent and oh. I
erVlng man, J. f. f. Hardy, NJ. d., in 1" old h
Buncombe," assured us that he had never known q
he thermometer above So deg. Fahrenhet.- i
While the people there, as elsewhere. sicknn /
md die, yet there are moIe extremely agcI
people in North and South Carolina. in nronor.
ION to the population, than in any other mart
u the republic. We have seen twenty or moro u
u attendance at II public meeting over eightv !
ears OF age. Another thing that commands
'ur attention III that region is the abundance Y
II the singing BIRDS The forests are alive with $
varblers. Mocking birds are very numerous ?
md musical. Alhgators and snakes abound in u
he swamps and along the water courses. Mos v
IuItoes and wood ticks are also exceedingly ::
nnoying. ]
On the low grounds and rice plantations q
lurIng the warm weather, white men cannot q
I've. kemalnlng single night, they are often
Ittacked with fatal fever. The negroes are
lot Affected by the miasmatc influences SO
POISONOUS TO the whites. On the contrary, they :
re tat and healthy. The most prevalent dis !,
'ases are OF bilious character. Pneumonia :.
md what Is denomidated the "country fever,"
re the most fatal. u
W In private, place a watch upon your y