The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-06-08

the public plumber" Let this be done and
Mr.. Buchanan will certainly need the vote of
every Southern State to help him out
The true platform of compromise and CO.
hesion, then, among the opposition factions Of
the North, is "the cohesive power of the pub
lie planaer," augmented under the economy
OF Pierce to the splendid figure of one hundred
millions per annum. To the democrats, who
ere already in, il will only be gain of about
fifty millions, for we dare say that Mr.. Ba-
chanan will not turn out more than half the
House and Post Office included; but to the op-
position, . victory will be q clear gain of a
hundred millions year. We look to the Con-
yeItons Of the 1e8t TWO weeks for powerful
effort 10 bsneli 81 al outraged people and the
public plundsr OF hundred millions year.
Amnnssadoss--rn.,r nriviieges-Consuis.
AS nations cannot communicate bodily with
each other, In tae conduct of their political az
fairs, it is obvious they must do it by represen-
tatives clothed with national authority, ex
pressing the national will, aud embodying in
their own persons the national dignity. The
great Office of an ambassador has not only been
always honorable, but it has by the very nature
of things certain immunities which for hun
dreds and hundreds of years have been the
theme and study OF physicists and the gentlemen
of the gown. But it is worthy of remark that
since the liberty of the press has followed the
discovery of the art of printing, at least in
the most enlightened and liberal countries, one
half Of the business Of modern euvoys Is per-
formed by the newspapers, and particularly SO
in England and the United States. Thus We
know beforehand what are the mutual griev
ances, what the matters in dispute, what are the
arguments which must arise in discussion, and
how they will apply; SO that in fact the work
OF an ambassador is nearly done before he has
undertaken ;t-alnost bull to say SO, yet quite
truth. This popularity of modern times mas
greatly changed the results Of embassies, rem
dels their objects more apparent, and breaks
the consequences Of discussions by the antic..
patton OF them before the final result is chroni-
cled in the official despatch.
And SO, too, since the practice Of maintaining
resident ministers abroad has become neces-
sity from the increased completely of the politi-
cal and commercial relations of nations, and the
formal and occasional embassies Of antiquity
have given place to continuous representation,
the same influence of the Press is felt, since .
large part Of the dispatches of foreign min
lister from his government, and certainly the
ostinteresting, consists of the leading journals
of the country from which he is sent
Without going into studied essay on the
subject Of embassies, historically or legally,
the present difficulty in the case of Mr.. Cramr-
ton and that Of Father Will, are suggestive of
few points of interest. Thus it is well es.
tablished principle Of international law that
" if one Of the several competitors for the SOW
ereign power of country, or if province
which has revolted and asserts its independence
sends an ambassador to sovereign State, such
State if it receives the ambassador, thereby
recognizes the competitor in the one case to be
actually the sovereign, and the revolted pro.
vince in the other to be actually independent"
1t was the practice in earlier periods to trust
at fret to consular agencies as temporary
representation, and afterwards, when govern
ment de facto was clearly apparent, to give it
the necessary recognition. In 1924 England
sent out consuls to the new South American re-
publcs, and in the next year their indepen-
dence was formally acknowledged by Mr.. Can
nings administration. In this couutry we
have not been SO particular
1t is clearly the right Of any nation to refuse
to receive foreign minister if he is personal
" dsagreeable to the State or of q VIGOROUSLY
bad character. Governor Marcy most IN
doubleday acted on this principle when he re-
fused to receive the predecessor Of the Nicara-
guam Padre; and thus, too, government may
refuse to admit one of its own citizens to repre-
sent foreign State. France and Sweden
have acted on this principle several times, al
though the former State allowed the Prince
Pozzo di Borgo, Corsican by birth, to repre-
sent the late Emperor Alexander at Paris.
Notwithstanding the immunities with which
ambassadors are clothed, there are certain acts
of theirs which affect their security and their
permanence. Thus they are bound to re
spect the laws aud customs of the country they
are in;' they may be complained of for mis-
conduct, to their own government; If it be Sc
rious, their recall may be demanded, or they
may be peremptorily dismissed.
In the case of Mr.. Champion who certainly
offended against the laws Of this country, and
continued in their violation, if we may believe
the evidence before US, there is this psculiari
ty which marks it with Importance. His own
government, after being notified of his disre-
spect to our laws, has deliberately refused to
recall him at our request This makes the mat
ter more serious than at first glance it would
seem. 1t was most clearly the duty of the
English government to have recalled Mr..
Champion at the first intimation of that wish
by our own; and now the calm aud deliberate
refusal of Lord Clareneon to do 80, leaves
open the question Of peace and war to the de-
cision Of national punctilio But for the ex-