The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-10-29

Der for the purpose of settling finally the
boundary question in Bessarabia, and in
curing into the condition of Neufchatel and
Naples, both Of which countries seem TO require
| foreign Intervention. We have NO reason to
| doubt that the former matter will be easily dis
posed of, and also that after due discussion, an
understanding will be had on the Neufchatel and
| Naples questions, which will command the assent
| of majority of the Congress.
| But there are other matters, of even greater
Importance than these to be laid before the Con-
| win undoubtedly be read by NJ. de Walewski,
and duly considered 1t has already been dis
cussed with care by the European journals; and
though exceptions have been taken to many Of its
propositions it's general tenor appears to have
been approved. Reducing it to its simplest
form, it is plea for the inviolablty Of merchant
vessels at sea. 1t seeks to reduce maritime war
| fare TO a sort of tournament or duello between
the national ships of the belligerenta There are
many reasons why this proposal should find
favor with the States represented at the Congress
| Some of those States have small navies or none
| at all; France, which has always tried to
| keep up a maritime establishment has never
held out at sea against England for more
! than q few months after commencement
] of hostlities; indeed nothing but Englands ma
] val superiority has prevented her sinking to
] position considerably in the rear Of the great
continental Powers. All these States, therefore,
| such as France, Prussia, A tra, Sardinia, &c,
must feel an interest in the triumphs of prin-
| cple which-though apparently bringing their
| inferority into holder relief-would in reality
neutralize it, and render maritime conflicts OF
| small consequence On the other hand, England
would gain as much as she would lose by it; for
| if she sacrificed part Of the preponderance
| which her naval armament now ensures, she would
secure her enormous mercantile marine forever
| from molestation. Her trade, which is Eng
| lands life, could be carried on as well during
| war as during peace if Mr.. Marcy's proposal
| were made part OF the law of nations.
1t is possible that question of still greater
| magnitude may engage the attention Of the Con-
| gress. While it is in session, news may arrive
at Paris that James Buchanan has been elected
| President Of the United States. This would be
regarded, If We mistake not, as matter of the
| ing Powers represented at Paris. For if Mr..
Buchanan is elected, the doctrine of the Ostend
manifesto will be sanctioned and endorsed by
the people Of tine United States. 1t will be an
unequivocal announcement to Europe that the
principles embodied in that document |
are those which animate a majority OF |
the people of the United States, and will govern
the administration during the next four years |
Here is food for reflection for the friends ofSpan
Nor will the topic be wholly speculative. Eae-
mics of the United States will point significantly
to the establishment of Walker in Nicaragua, to
the visit of Soule to that State, and to the undis
| guised effort to revive African slavery there.
! Cuba, they will consider is evidently the goal
! towards which Nicaragua is the stepping stone.
| On the other hand, the condition of Panama will
also doubtless command attention. 1t has htber-
| to been grossly misunderstood in Europe, mainly
because Europeans have derived their informa-
ton concerning il from the filibuster report of
Mr.. Corwine; perhaps some member OF the Con-
gTess may be aware that unless this country
adopt measures for the actual military control of
the transit line, the intercourse between the
oceans must shortly be brought to stand. Egg
land, We are told, "cannot permit us to seize the
sthmus;n there viii no doubt be leisure during
the Congress for some little inquiry into the Br
fish dominion, or the British sovereignty which
mparts to the Queen the right of permitting OF
restraining such measure Of police on this con-
tinent.
Perhaps the case OF Mcxco-a debtor and
without great care, an insolvent debtor Of
two European Powers-Spain aud England ~
both Of whom are rather clamorous for paymen,
just now, may also engage attention conformity
with these topics. In trade II Is not consdcrcs
good policy to press ones creditor beyond endu
rance the soupdest economists reject the princ
pie Of Imprisonment for debt, especially where
the creditor has entered into the bargain knowing
the risk national transactions are governed by
the same rules And whatever policy may die
tate to the creditors Of Mexico, we trust they will
be reminded. in good time that this country will
not permit the independence of the territory or
the revenues OF the United States Of Mexico to
be violently taken away or impaired by any Ea |
ropcan Power whatsoever.
In connection with this branch Of the subject |
in the contingency to which we have referred, 1t !
may be well for the European statesmen assembled
at the Congress to reflect upon the elasticity with
which this nation shall then have escaped internal
CONFUSION upon the subject Of slavery. II j. |
not for to press the spectacle upon the view Of
Europe as an argument in favor of republican |
institutions; that is their concern: but In view OF
the dealings, peaceful and hostile, which they may
have with US in years to come, II may be whole. |
some for them to study the sudden and general
quiescence which follows period of excitement
in this country and the universal acquesccnce of
all parties in the will Of the majority A thorough
and careful contemplation of this phenome-
non would disspate the hopes Of those-if any such
there be-who may have expected to find in the
internal of This c1nntrp m .a...,4 f