The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1856-02-10

Emperor Nieholas:: The members Of the family Of
N. Boudoura. who had been carried or By the
brigands, were restored, after q ransom Of 60O00f
demanded by these freeb0oters. In three or four
months time, the elections tor the Chambers will
take place. The Queen was using her influence with
the mayors and persons in authority to throw every
difficulty in the way Of those who were known to be
attached to the policy Of the Western Powers In op.
position to the Russian party. Should her Majesty
succeed, the Greek Chambers will not certainly rep
resent the people, and, on the contrary, favor the
intrigues Of the Court. The Queen was using the
utmost courtesy however, to the representatives OF
England and France, who have lately made very
strong representations to government on the subject
OF bngandage.
Italy.
A COTTON GROWING sPEOULATIoN-FREE LABOR
AGAINST THE SLAVE TRADn.
Mr.. Clegg, Of Manchester, wasin Naples, endeavor-
ing to organise extensive growth OF cotton BY free
labor, partly with commercial and partly with an
anti-slavery view. A letter from Naples, in the
The Two Settles would 10 every respect be admirably
ADAPTED for the sn 81 Of ns
the object proposed low Of such land too there
is vast quantity lying almost waste the shores of
the Adria Leeca to Brindis and between Tore
dell Auunzata and CasellAmsre, and other parts Cot
ton too, is actually grown both In SICILY and on the
1t has entirely succeeded In Sicily about 900 los
grown annually half Of which Ia exported to Naples,
and tho other half Is in the island In the
tinental part OF the kingdom about 200, 900 lbs
grown aud consumed while 800, 900 lbs. imported
from New Orieans The annual produce Of the kingdom
therefore at out 200 900 lbs while the annual
sumption IL about 5000 900 lbs In proof of tho yet
greater capabilities of the country letter from Sici
Ian merchant, now before me- says outstanding
quantity Of cotton This report therefore, founded
facts Is eminenty encouraging to the project Of Mr.
little snterprse-just what the Neapotans have not.
Clay ton-Bulwer Treaty and Gen. Walkers
Policy.
From the London Times, Jan. 22l
At length we have received the correspondence
United States, with regard to the dispute between
England and America on the Central American
question. The documents are exceedingly volu-
mnous, but we can, in very few sentences, give
between the two countries Great Britain is pos
sessed of . settlement at Belize, on the coast Of
Central America. the right to occupy which, for
the treaty Of i7ss, reserving however, to the
crown OF Spain full and undiminished so.
vereignty over the district. Great Britain has
also possessed for many years the right of pro.
lection over the Mosquito Indians-a barDarous
race that wanders at will over the coast of con-
siderable portion of Central America. Great Bri-
tain had also occupied the fine island of Ruatan,
placed in commanding situation in the Bay of
Honduras. This was the state of things in 1850,
when the attention Of both governments was drawn.
by the discovery and rapidly increasing wealth Of
Of California, to the growing Importance of
the. road across the isthmus which led to
to that golden region. Hence resulted the treaty
between Great Britain and the United States, nego
tiated between Mr. Clayton and Sir Henry Bulwer
in April, 1850, the first article of which declares
THAT the United States and Great Britain agree
that neither will occupy, or fortify or colonize,
or assume, or exercise any dominion over Mica
ragua, Costa Rica, the Mosquito Coast or any
part OF Central America. Nor will either make use
of any protection which either affords or may afford,
or any alliance which either has, may have, to or
with any State or people for the purpose Of occu-
plying. fortifying, or oolonizing Nicaragua, Costa
Rica, the Mosquito coast or any part of Central
America, or OF assuming or exercising dominion
over the same" Notwithstanding this treaty the
British government still retain possession of Raatan
still occupy Belize and still retain the protectorate
over the Mosquito Indians 1t Is not disputed that
all these places are within Central America. The
government of the United States waive any claim to
the evacuation of Belize, but insist upon our aban
doning the protection of the Mosquito Indians and
the possession of Ruatan Island. And now our
readers are as fully in possession of the real merits
OF the controversy as If they had waded through
those twelve columns Of very closely printed matter
into which the rival governments have found it pos
sible to condense their remarks, and may by their
own resides decide the controversy for themselves
1t is doing the American Minister and his 60 vern
ment only justice to say that they urge their claim
with great moderation of tone and temperance of
language, appealing only to reason and dissarding
all topics Of an exciting and irritating nature. ON
the part of Englnnd il IL urged that the treaty was
never intended to apply to existing rights but only to
such interests might arise any future acquisition
of Great Britain The American Ministero the other
hand. contends that the words OF the treaty are
clearly large enough to include Ruatan and the
Mosquito protectorate and that the intention of the
treaty is to be gathered from its own language, and
not from any collateral writings or crcumst ances.
We do not intend to offer any opinion the subject,
but we may remark that it was most extraordinary
omission Of the English plenipotentiary, while using
words so wide and comprehensive, not to have
saved by an express provisO the existing interests
of Great Britain If such had been his intention and
ii is not wonderful that the Americans, when re-
nouncing all right Of interference in Central
America, should have expected similar con-
cession from Great Britain Without, how.
ever, offering an opinion on the Interpretation
of the treaty-in our point of view matter of
very secondary importance-we may presume
to offer a few words Of advice to the government
and the nation. The matter in dispute is ludcrousy
to the dimensions Of the interests
engaged in 1t. Here are two of the greatest nations
of the world, possessing between them the greatest
share Of it's maritime commerce, approaching to
the very verge OF quarrel about matters to an
binary apprehension Of the most extreme insgni
cance What possible advantage can England de-
rive from the protectorate of the Mosquito territory
the seizure of the island Ruatan for of her rights
over Belize, paltry as they are there is question:
II 49, no doubt very glorious thing to carry off his
Mosquito Majesty to Jamaica, and then, after he
has recovered the effects of his three or four days
devotion to the celebrated rum of that island,
to stuff his sable limbs into generals uniform, to
crown him with q cooked hat, to annont him with
palm oil out of q caabash, to put sugar cane as a
sceptre in his hand, and to send him back to his
naked subjects with all the solemnites that can
wait on protected royalty; but surely even this gra-
tifcation and that Of occupying the island OF Rua.
tan, may be bought too dear. All the advantage
that we could hope to obtain from these dubious and
ill.defned rights over remote and unhealthy dis
tricts is, that by being first in the field we may
prevent the Americans from anticipating us in OBJ
tanning exclusive possession of the transit over
the Isthmus of Darien That nothing of the kind
will be attempted we have the guarantee of the
American government has evinced no inclination
to infringe, and any future infraction of which we
possess both the right and the power to prevent
Once secure on this point, we might leave the care
Of the morals of the Mosquito Indians to themselves
and restore the island Of Ruatan to its primitive
desolaton, without any per ;eptible diminution of
the power or prestige Of the British monarchy. In
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