Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1855-01-29

h hardship, would gradually conduct to results
equally Psrnicious to the government and to
w : Tie oorsnittss RECOMMEND to the House
fke salali sspf ell Offices egisa i've. executive,
snd Judicial belsoked into aud made lust and
sdequate; TOR such salaries will command the
proper services Of men who will administer
our government with efficiency, ecor omy, and
lioerality. But they oInnos recommend
special additional allowances of money to pub
lie officers by special laws Quite as many
would 10 wrongfully omitted, BY entering
upon the business of special legislation, rs
would be rightfally included lis deemed
best to labor to make the salaries Just, and
then vote extra allowances to no one. -
Resolved, Thst the prayer of the petit
be not granted. = e = ~ =
Justices Of the Peace for the District Of Co.
lumbia. -Perceivipg fsundry distant papers
caught in the trap Of a recent invidious pub.
LEGATION concerning the religious bslisfof some
of the justices of the psats for this District,
lately re-appointed by the President and con.
firm cd by the Senate, we have to say that &C.
ooIding to the blue book, the oficia al register,
there are fifty five gentlemen holding commits.
that but six Of them are Catholics. The com.
missions of all these six happened to expire at
the same time, though the original appoint
ments Of all of them were in different years,
We believe. Some as far back as twenty or
twenty-6v years, and none of them as recent
ly as the incoming Of the present Administrs
ton. All Of them are useful and deseryedly
respectable citizens, and ne rejoice that the
President proved too enlightened to prosc1ib be
them because their religious views are differ
ent from his --...aW .s.fk
A Forthcoming Proclamation. We are
inclined to believe, from the signs in the of :.
eial horizon, that an Executive proof amstien
will soon be issued, warning ell citi.ens of the
United States against the infraction of our
neutrality laws by partici pating in armed ex-
petitions to settle in Central America. The
advertisement of Mr.. Bushrod W. Frobsl
for volunteers for tho Kinney expedition,
seems to be taken to be the basis for the ex.
pected official paper The proclamation in
ques lion informs the required coloni,ts that
they are expected to hold themselves in
readiness to serve for the protection of the
Government about to be established" DC. As
according to the reading of the Government of
the United States there is no portion of Cen.
trail America without legitimate government,
de jare at least, the idea of an expedition from
this country to establish a government there
is supposed to be judged by tho authorities
here to be an infraction Of the United States
neutrality laws.
The Territorial Judge QUESTION. -Perceiv +.
ing that more or less Of our contemporaries
who are VIGOROUSLY hostile to the present Ad-
ministration, arc endeavoriug to make capital
against the President by incorporating ia ots
involved in the case of Aaron Goo irich (late
chiefjustice of Minnesota Territory vs. James
Guthrie, Secretary Of the Treasury, we remind
the public that Goodrich was removed By
President Fillmore, rather than by the present
Executive. Their whole partisan case, there
fore, falls to the ground BY tho by, We find
in the Buffalo Advertiser, Mr.. FilImores ina
mediate organ, the following 9 ol1nents upon
President to remove the judges of United
States territorial courts, 8hioh we undcrsts nd
to have been by Mr.. F. himself, or Judge Hall
who was a member of the Fillmore Cabinet
il will be recOllected whom Goodrich was re-.
moved. To our mind, they involved an ire.
fragible defence of the coDstitutionality of his
act
GA case involving Important considerations
of public law was yesterday argued in the
Supreme Court. The reiator, Aaron Good
rich, was appointed Chief Justice Of Mime
sofa for the term OF four years, which would
have expired regularly on March 10. 1853
On October 81, 1851, afer being in Office for
little longer than two years. he was removed
by President Fillmore, and jerome Fuller
was appointed in his place He thereupon
communicated to the President his intention
aud readiness to discharge the duties of his
office until the expiration Of his term. The
relator peitioned the Cirouis Court of the
district for a mandalnus comma nding the SEQ.
rotary Of the Treasury, mir. Guthrie to paw
him the amount OF his salary from the time O r
bis removal till the expiration of his term
Inc Circuit Court refused the writ, and ,hs
case was brought to the Supreme Court by
writ Of error. -" . .s . '..--.. ~
1.-The decision of this case will depend
mainly on the question whether the territorisI
courts form part Of the Federal Judiciary
We think it very clear that they do not. The
federal courts contemplated by the Copstitu
ton. are not intended TO be of concurrent ia.
riadiction with the courts of tho indi yidnal
states They are tribunals for the adiudica-
ton OF different class Of GASES The State
courts are for the local administration of ms
tee, while the fedefs4 courts are intended for
the trial of cases arising under the Constitu
ton and laws Of the United States Thew ara
so distinct in their objects and organization
that II 10 impossible to confound them. with
ibis distinction in view, if We turn our atten-
tion to the territories, and inquire which Q. asa
OF duties belongs to their courts, the answer il
easy, They are evidently intended for the
local adm niStration of justice; intended to
perform the same functions during the condi.
ton of territorial minority, that will aft r,
wards be discharged by the State courts when
the territory shall have acquired political
manhood. They de not. then, form a part of
the Federal Judiciary, ner of any perm anent
system, bur are merely part of atemporary
staging, intended for the support Of civil order,
until the erection of permanent edifice.
daA . A.