The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1855-10-15


slaves the region lying south Of the Ohio aud Of the
| Mississippi.
Unlocked for events have lent 70 the privileged
advantages which have than counterba lanced the
adverse effects of this early rational legislation The
vention Of the cotton gin which easily separates the seed
from the hbre has made cotton almost exclusive agri
cultural staple in the States Of the privileged class and
eminent commercial staple Of the whole country. The
national territory necessarily been from time
TO Tune to accommodate oyergrowng population and
an ever increasing commerce. Favored by these circum
stances the privileged class have the time found
home production OF slaves in Maryland and virginia
ana other states compensation FOR the loss OF the Arr
can slave trade; and they have not been sothful in
learning all the fears and dsmissng all the tmdity and
Cancellation which marked their conduct during and inn
mediately after the Revolutionary The admission
holding states into the Union seemed unavoidable
nosmuch they were the overgrowth OF some Of the
old thirteen States and thus thee new states south Of
river, a of balance maintained between the p-
vleged and the unpriyeged classes which il thought
necessary to disturb This the first final pa til
ton OF the unsettled territory OF the United States be-
tween hose classes.
In 1904 France ceded TO the United States broad bel
stretching along the western bank OF the Mississippi from
the British posi- essons the North to the Spanish
province Of Texas on the south This acquisition which
equally necessary for the safety Of the country
for the OF commerce. stimulated the desire Of the
privileged class tor extension Of their territory and
practically the coast Of the Gulf Of Mexico was already
at once ancient slavehoding colony and important
States Under these circumstances was without any
resistance organized and admitted into the Union
with It's ancient laws and customs tolerating slavery st.
Louis, though destined 10 acquire great commercial i'm
pcrtance, was as yet uncomfortable town with few
Shareholders and slaves. The Mississippi only divided it
from the Northwest Territory which already
Grated to freedom The best interests the country re-
qnIed and humanity demanded that the Ordinance Of
l7ss should be extended across the Mississippi The
privileged class however took possession Of the region
lower down on the west bank Of the Mississippi.
1919, and demanded admission with slavery into
the Union Then only thirty two years after the
ratification BY the American people the privileged class
made common cause with the new slavenoding State,
and assuming tone At once bold nsoant and menacing
preme and exclusive in the admission Of new States to
egsate at all against their privileges in the Territories
or TO refuse admission to State the ground Of
its refusal to surrender abate those privileges and
they threatened in loud voice to subvert the Uni
If Monr should be rejected The privileged class were
backed then by the Senate Of the United States they
They met, however, with Grmness decision by
The unpriyeged class in the House of Representatives
and Missouri failed then to be admitted rs a slave
state. The privileged class resored to new form of
strategy the strategy compromise They offered to be
satisfied If Missouri only should be admitted slave
all the residue Of that part Of the Louisiana purchase
which lay north of the parallel Of 80 deg 80 min of north
laiitude-the Territory lying between that parallel
now the State Of Arkansas being left by implication
to slavery. This compromise was accepted, and
thus diplomacy obtained for the pryiledged class imme
date advantages which had been denied to their camor
and passion. This compromise, however, could have
only the authority Of repeaabe act Of Congress-
the prohibition of slavery north Of 80 deg 30 min was
concerned Wise and great men contrvej extraordinary
forms to bind the faith Of the privileged class to that per-
petaa inhibition. They gave to the compromise the
ture and form Of contract, with mutual equivalents
between the privileged class and the unpriveged class
which would be dshonorabe and pcrddious the part
of the privileged class at any time any grounds or
uncer any circumstances to annni revoke to
TO be q e peoe g for s
ratification in the popular elections II submitted
to the people and so ratified by them BY virtue Of this
compromise Missouri came Immediately into the Union
iave State and Arkansas followed afterwards
as slave State while with the exception Of Missouri
the Ordinance 1857 by virtue Of same compromise
extended The Mississippi along the parallel of
80 deg. 30 min. 10 the Rocky Mountains. Thus, and
with such solemnites the strife Of the privileged
class Of Shareholders fer ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF territory,
second time finally compromised md forever settled
II is not purpose to discuss the policy the JUS
stu,on the responsibility for that great
with generation that has passed away. We have to
that was established by it.
The occupation OF the region OF the ssssip
p which bad thus been saved for freedom artfuiy
postponed indefinitely, by dedicating home for the
concentrated but pcrishing Indian tribes II sounds in
favor of the humanity Of the urprviegcd class Il not of
their prudence that they neither
planned of that dedication.
The success of the privileged class in securing 20
Themselves immediate possession of Missouri and Araan
sa in exchange for the reversicnary interest Of the
privileged clas in tho remainder OF the louisiana pur
chase, stimulated them to for national pur-
chasts OK DOMAIN, which might yield them Further
tons Spain unable TO retain longer the slavchoding
provinces Of Fast Florida and West Florida which lay adj
acent TO the slave States They fell to the united States
by an easy purchase and the privileged class with due
diligence procured their organization State and its
admission into the Union. The spell of territorial az
grandifement had fallen on the United states
OF America, and simultaneously the spell Of dis
solution had fallen the United States of
Mexico. The privileged class side Of The border
entered Texas established slavery there in violation of
Mexican laws detached that territory from Mexico and
organized It Independent sovereign State. Texas
thus Independent and sovereign, sought annexation to
the United States In the very hour when the virtue Of
sufficient number Of the unprivieged classes Civ
ing way to effect constitutional annexation of Texas
the President Of the United States with senate not less
subseryient TO the privileged class executedo coup d
by which that State unlawuly and In defiance Of all
precedent came into the Union under covenant siipu
ating that four slave States might be created Of
its territory and admitted slave States while by
emn mockeIy uncomfortable fragment that lay north
Of 20 deg 30 min SYSTEMATICALLY dedicated ofreedon
There remained no other territory within the nitel
states and so by this strange partition Of Texas there
third 1na settlement Of the pretensions 81 the pfiy
vileged class and it acquesced 10 by the anpriv
legged class who thought themselves in the old
Northwest territory by the ordinance Of 1907 and equally
safe in Kansas and Nebraska by the Missouri compromise
The public rerose that followed the annexation OF Texas
OF short duration. Mexico resented that offence
ensued and terminated the transfer or the entire
northern portions Of Mexico 10 the United States The
Mexican municipal laws forbade slavery everywhere and
the possessions under that law. Not a whit
the less for that did the privileged class demand
either equal PARTITION that the whole sond he
opened TO their colonization with slaves The House Of
Representatives resisted these pretcnsons, Il had
sisted similar before; out the Senate seconded the
pr, ged class with rs zeal :, Congress
divided and failed 10 organize civil governments for
the newly acquired Mexican Territories, aud they
LETT under martial law. The question raised BY he prvi
legged class went down TO the electors. The people
promptly filed the House OF Representatives with
joiity sterny oppoed 70 the extension of slavery the
breadth Of single square mile. They increased the
force OF the uDpriyegei class in the Senate while they
called 10 the Presidency General Taylor, who although
himself slave holder, committed to non-inieven-
ton the question in Congress and 60 faithfully
whatever constitutional laws Congress should adopt
Under these circumstances, California and New Mexico
youthful communiies-praccally free trom slavery aud
uncorrupted by the seductions Of the privileged
class Of it's political organs fastened to establish
stitutions and apply for admission free States while
the eccentric population Of Deseret INDUCING isudina.
Ran principles equally in matters Of religion and Of poll
tics prayed TO be received into the Union state
a Territory, and with without slavery, Congress
should prescribe. Tie privileged class demonstrated,
aud seditious movement organized In their behalf
in the savehoding States 20 oycrawe Congress posi-
BILE and TO inauguratc revolution II their aed
You all know well the way Of that memorable contro.
yersy. How eminent men yielded 10 the with.