New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1855-12-25
PROHIBITORY LAW.
DECISION OF THE SUPREME COORP, 7,h Hsr.
OPINION OF JUDGE WELLEs,
Coucurrcd in By Judge. seIdea aad Jshs-oH.


On the oh Gsy o. Argus, ls55, ;he ape l.nt was
brought before :. ". ID Moore esq, Police Ju.ie
Of ibe City of Roch.tter, upJu sa-rant issued BY
sid Justoe oh geo 'tc a v.olsaJu o. the g.. CO.
nttd An act { the Prev l,ilL OF 10 eDDe a1oe,
"Pauy ersD oJd Crime ps'~d April 9Th, 1855. Dc
beng b-opgtt before The Jusics re ofer-d TO give
bail OF the ext Criminal Cou hs0iny eosnizsnce #
the oIetre. Tbs Jus Ice s.iiAf-d With the re-
spcl sibty Of the bsD &c offered on, refu-ed 70 re-
GIVE il tr 10 :sse sly bal. rber-uooi, the 18th
day Of August 1885, he appellant presente5 his p-ti
tion 10 H. Humphrey, esq. Cone'y Judge, &c, and
ohfsiLeo tb- allowance OF vii OF h4be - corpus IN
oder be let 10 bal snd be dscosrsed from cdtJds.
On the s.u Dag The oiic made reufn 70 said
vii, sDO the ssm- rsver,sd b. he affidavit of the
appellant, ana The iss1e WAS jnit ed 'h'reon
On this issue evidez ce taken TO conTsdict the
rftuID. After aIiDs til aid a-sun-ns of cou1-
ell County Judge decited not 10 let the defendant
to bail and orr eed him IemsDjed isto the CUSTODY Of
,be Police Constable, 70 be Tied oefore Court OF
Sptcia) SfFsio'a.
On ihe II day Of August, 1885, the defendant sued
out grit Of ceriorsii rrmovins the proceeding aud
81 joe cation ofte County Judge into ;bis Court to De
ItvieEej.
B-lry Hunter for the defend.nti J. W. S.e5bins
for tbt peopIr.
WELLEs, Josioe-Tbe if h section o. the set euti-
flsd Al sct 10 P'eyeIt temperance, Paupsrsm and
Crime, posed April 1855. Is 10 the ol sirg words:
sicIOs6 Ev,y u,I:e q the ps.ee 20 ice 9.'s county
Zee u'rics Of ihs strp- Co9 the j.icss o.
TIE pm % . h. a. o .I D .S'I R:s
bssr Gtsr ire Oh snt punish for a. ID Dses arising
~ ,utbofSed and lrquir. 70 DO Ccur, Of spec
the rs u rch of,nses Id der ta 70 d. al other
ci ed y ju,rcs Cftse p,ae, Dol ee and oy
sspsts ses as re ssme are Tow coo'itoed and he
meg grst Dssd in Tia at shll be deemed eft1
ude fl ed In tfs section Such Goa Of
sPecs I be isgu5sd take the s.s aG,,oG
tb but sh ed to ri 900 tireaft 81 the som
joOrn from tine 20 time not e1's.iis tweny daya At The
iim. Of joking and not AZ eh'r parry may deusod
and J.Iy be summoned ,nn.l,d, 10 her
erin nsi Courts Of oPeeis -ea Tbs eonp ,ioaat
The same eih anhcu: cOunie lie may also pose
cue u. s ~ t e. toS sT Or he
Il ole ncts ssoe du sba be upon .uch applca
iier-,n He ssl c". ssd diseu's, .I. BE- .owed
aims The de eho'n upon sDc1 appeal ass no~ allowed n
soSiD s on ,be povin. bi. Get 70 all O., the DE-
tietito nty h appear and duet the trial rs2p's or
boh ,he cot Il any ,hs go 70 m his inadius USE "a
obtr the sinaD' .nd 10 of payment
ID act
BY this section the sevtrsl officers therein enunor-
sts0 Invested win the same p)"e's IN rel1lon 70
tftrses under the Of which i. constitutes part,
viii wpch Justices OF The Peace are clothed In ormi
paI casts oDd are each rtqui ed IN hold Courts Of
Sp cial Sesscns for tbs tri4l of oeoses under t1e
fbne act wi h the sane powers Ia ref-ren . b such
efersts as Courts of Special Ses!o possessed as
they were CO.'S i.uted when tie &C; wa passed, 10
re'tIeI &c 10 the wi in t1eir juris5icioo.
B, the Revised Statu'ts the powars OF Cour OF
Special Sessions conI ed TO Gases where the party
charged with OffeDse requests TO bs treo before
tn m or where he shall not req1es but shall after
being required oit for twenty four ho1rs TO give bail
for Lis sppes snce A. the Ext CfiOoal Court haVltg
juriso ciioD &C., e r. I'll 81 81 But the Sec
tor OF the Prohbtory acr referred DOS no. the
Revseo Sta uee CO. restrict the poser of the Courts
o. Specsl Sessions TO c@es where thu party charged
either Ieqaess to be tried ny such Court or onts to
give bail II certaiDly does nor do 50 10 terms )r,
ss thiLk, by just or fair Implication bot on the con
sr, seems 10 contemplate tho tie Justice or o'her
officer be fore whom the person charged sball be
brought by virtue Of the procees snall prOc7ed at
Fostrm expressly Conferred upon the officers men,
io &c TO issue TO hear snd dstrmne charges,
a. pu, isn all of-nces sgans: the DIVISIONS Of toe
act aid that purpose they ara each auttozei AMI
Tf9Uird ~ bold courts Of specsl $3.50 fer the tal
ofsucn ofensss Such courts not required TO take the
tx-mDailon Of any person broush before it upon
charge of offense, a1t shall sroceed to trial as
" soon haea)ter as The complainant can be not fed.'
The sfcon then proceeds to sl,e directions respect
ing adourIm eIis ono provides for jury GU the de-
mol of et er sry, sppleo for az he j,iC ing of
issue 1t then cor cudes with some regulations and
povhioIs respecting appeals from Judgments of the
courts o. special sessions prov1ed for la the eighth
sec ION OF N act, al The coats III fuch appeals
1t will be perceived, not only that tbe magistrate
bar conferred upon him t1e power ~ try tue person
charged but that be is mpsTavtly required 10 mold
Court OF Spec,l Sessions and proceed 10 the trial
ss soon as TIE conn., aiDact o. notiGeG. Neither
biz power duy to Try is msde 70 de lend upoa the
d.ft ndsnts reqOest 10 be tTied bis om zion give
boil any Other condition That the power of Courts
Spec al Scssons in the plOvio for ia the Re
vbeO Statues, is thus limited ard depend and in
the act under consideration, acs which, before its
passsge were innoct 10 the eye o. the law ade
nictmesDoIs, ih-r paaisi meut def Led, III 80 trou
L6ls teteo provided expressly for their trsl AID
purit ntrt, With onecou o. corning their manner
OF proceeding and no inen ion msde of sny such
otion restriction of their pc sere h stroLg evideVce
to my niId that none su3b were attended to be i'm
ICted. Ii stedo of the dtioLs provided ia Re-
WEED stu es es Courts, i'll asst Ter this
sc, cuec 60 10 proceed at one q he III Of the
leJsons cbarI cd with violations cfis provisions.
II is col d. no eye in bhal OF tle appellant
that if the intention oftbe 10 compel per-
aTreittd by vi tue OF the process, seued oy mag
isGe, 10 be tired before a court OF s,ecis sessions,
without the right bis pat 10 be released from cIs
TOO, upon giving bsil 10 appear st the SESSIONS
act il so tar in coDtreyenion OF of art. of the
Com titution which declares that The trial by jury,
" il oil where il has b en- heretofore used la
remain nvioate 70 ever" entertain ooabt that
by the ~oIds Z" trel By jury" as there medtioneo,
wss intended 6 commcn-las Jury, which consists OF
twelve men. bu, gu satisfied 1t not intended
10 epply TO q case like tie present
Section SIX Of the same Article provides that " no
person sbsli be held 10 fof cspita or other
wte infamous crime except 10 cases of impeach neot
eDd 10 cases OF militia when Ia cual service, and
The lano peys forces III time of wnicn the
Stale may Keep 81 The consent of Congress ia ne
Of peace and in Of petit l.r3eny the regu
la ion of the Legislsure,j Unless pIesentment or
lid ctn eDt OF greId jury.
The ameIs Of the Constitution have here declared
thst reiiODs charged wi capital o'berw Sc nfa-
crimes shsl not, vi certain exceptions be neld
To therefor, except by Indictment present.
mtnt OF Grand Jury, clearly, as it seems to me,
leaving all Other under regulation Of the Leg
isstuTe.
PeIsors charged With crimes not capital or other.
wise ttadOus, msy therefore be held ~ witt
out being first ind cied Sresented by Grand Jury
ss the Lee lstuIe -hsll proyice