The Hillsborough recorder. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1820-1879, 1855-02-07

compete management OF the stall and dairy All this will be
emnenty useful in giving educated young taste for
hurai pursuits; and will prepare them to enter with ine
gence on their paterna acres with the gratifying conviction
that in North Carolina Agriculture taking its proper rank
with the liberal professions, and that in all its minute and
practical Details il not deemed incompatible with the high
est distinctions Of talent and education.
am not unapprsed that occupying the first position
IN science and practical agriculture hold that is
bic to expect Improvement in agricultural practice much less
an entirely improved system agriculture, from the suggest
ions OF chemistry So did older than any of these
that there thing under the y and the
page we are told that the eye not satisfied with seeing
night on unknown pah surrounded by doubts and difficult
ties, shall be disappointed, il may not look it lamp
which may take in hand have held up before me,
to direct my hesatng steps.
Whilst may and common place to many vet
IN the hope that may awaken closer observation and obtain
better applications Of both labor and manures will submit
lew plain considerations in regard the soils Of the county,
and their adaptation to crops And tmay be that my opinions
are not in unison with the experience Of others In this have
think know.
For all practical purposes soils clased under five heads
sandy clay cacarous. peaty and oamy We have chiefly
to do with two Our county is nearly equally divided by
large bodes Of and sandy and clay sossght and touch
teach US ths-yayng in texture surface and supply of mo
ture know no county where the division is nearly equal.
and it is fortunate with reference variety in production
cultivate both-cuyate neither to my satisfaction, for
not able to provide yet what am is essential the
fertility OF bothlime the basis of all fertility am sure
that the vegetable mould in either exhausted it
fails rapidly in producton that both, system of hus
bandy has essened the productive of land and
all enriched since the occupation and settlement Of the
try
And without the aid of any other light than my own annual
observation venture express the opinion that have in
Orange land that tage inure and amount Of putres-
cent manures stimulate to fertility And to me-
1t must remain until by the Of me other correc-
tve its acids neuazed and the capacity appropriate
combine with puescent impaired to the SOIL
such soils may be compared to dysppc whose impaired
deed REJECTS all tood or ii retained to the manifest injury and
distress of the sufferer.
sIp..-
soils originally good but reduced to poverty by cultivation.
The best lands of the county, in both classes of SOIL have
long been brought under the plough Our fathers had quite
good the fat spots Of their descendants and
you will find that the capacity Of Of soils be en-
rched by Putrescent manues in proportion to its natural
original fertility.
of the naturally good lands how washed and
exhausted and leave the poorer lands for the supply timber
every day being enhanced in value. The sandy soils of
Orange suffer alike from excessive drought and rain The
reals and all the plants that furnish food for man. need water
cannot live without it. but cannot live in it. 1t is well known
that the fertility Of soil greatly depends the capacity the
soil absorb and retain moisture Nor is it be forgotten
that there wide distinction between moisture and
Pure sand will pass through sieve and pure clay
WILL the other hand retain it in cup often OBJ.
in the foot print Of animals along the highway The
clay soil drinks water with almost unsasfed thirst and
susains itself hardly well 10 Of trying drought
the gray sandy soil.
planter and farmer have sustained my heaviest loss
in Of lung continued drought aud the head Of
large family have had anxiety excited BY this
than all others As practice is worth all theory, able
declare that the best protection against extreme drought
either sandy clay s deep and thorough drainage by
cing, and deep and thorough tage by pougng and SUBJ
solng. The midland counties Of North Carolina to be
the home Of drought at least suffer much from II
portion Of the country which, suppose is to be accounted for
from the fact that il far removed from the controlling
uences Of the mountain and the eyapOratng surface Of the
ocean, its bogs aud ines In connection with deep tage
protection against drought and undertaken chiefly with
view sustain the products Of Kitchen garden, renched
with spade three acres three feet deep with satisfactory
results. But did not disregard the teachings Of nature her
laws not to be rashly dsegared did
her order in laying down the Of soil put the
clay where found il at bottom and the sandy loan at top.
The clay soils Of Orange need and greedy OF
than the sandy Soils and like the unsased mser
will continue take little The clay soils will take TO
advantage long and uncrmentcd il ts not dle II
at least great waste TO apply such to sandy Soils
Ia sandy sUls decomposition slow perfect-suers
alike by filtration and evaporation OF all the manures that
have used sandy soils has uniformly responded
TO wishes wood ashes, leaced and unleached They
contain both clay and lme sandy soils to retain mois,
ture, correct asidy and furnish lime.
The sandy soils friable therefore free from
water, easily cultivated aud draned and any degree Of
fertility easily imparted provided it a sound
subso and the darker the subsO the better il it be uniform.
The color Of subso is less uniform than that Of Soils
Many of the subso very particsoed aud the they
and the higher the coOrs they maintain the in
urlous they TO the surface above them The best Is the
brown, the worst is the blue and whc Since the days Of Lord
Cake the lawyers have taught that he who possessed the
lace had aud held all above it," CtJus est sO es est que al
cu But il is to modern times and chiefly to James Smith
Of Deanson, Scotland indebted for the knowledge
that the subsO passes with the surface and that the value Of