New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1855-07-16
FISH AND FISHING III.

1t is proposed in concluding these risca.oral CLEAN
ings to show that Il Fish and FfihHg that alien
ated The Colonies from the mc,her-eountry, causing
rebellion and revolution, and ending in our indepen-
dent nationality.
In the first place. brief reference is necessary TO
the fishing disputes and collisions between the British
and tie French, during the period of their earnest
rivalry for the monopoly of the American Fisheries
for these disputes and conflicts were the orerunners Of
the Revolution and trained the coonists to fight the
battles Of free Fishing and Freedom successfully.
The French and EDgli.h were the principal fishers
in the American waiers-hocing grants from their re-
spective Xircs, which were given when the Kings,
each FOR himself claimed all the lands and seas his
subjects saw or sailed over The result was that the
different Kings gave grants for the same tracts Of
country causing long and bitter sriies and ending in
war and successful revolution
The first fishing difficulties occurred in the region Of
country for long time known az Arcadia-embracing
Nova Scotia, New. Brunswick aud goodly portion Of
Maine This large territory being claimed by both
England and France, tie subjects OF both made fish
ing settlements thereon. Then Charles the First, in
1889. resigned to FraYce Canada, Nova Scotia and
Care Breton which was regarded as dsgriceiul AMI
fraudulent by the English people; and historians con-
slider this ctssioD the primary cause of the Amer-
can Revolution, because the disputes and collisions
among fishermen to which ii gave rise finally disturbed
tie relations between England aud the colonies.
Twenty wears later Cromwell took forcible posses
son in time of peace of Nova Scotia and rs fisheries
claiming that the cesson Of King Charles was ffaddu
lent: but after the restoration of the Stnsrts, IN 1907
this fishing colony was agalo restored TO FRINGE
Fierce conflicts and reprisals between The English and
French fishermen occurred; and in the war which fol-
lowed the accession of William and Mary to the Brit
sb throne the American coonists cage participated
and began at once preparations for the conquest Of
Canada and Nova Scotia An OK edition. commanded
| nv Sir William Phips, the fisherman, made the con-
quest of Nova Scotia but il was again restored 10
France ia l697 and also all the coasts, Islands and
fsbng-erouDds from Maine TO Labrador, aud Hudson
Bay and the Mississippi Valley, England only retain
ing The eastern half of Newfoundland. The colonial
fishermen were outraged by this cessioni and the
French. embodcned by it, boldly claimed the very
next wear the sole ownership Of the American fisheries
and tbs exclusive claim the principal cause OF the
war of l7O2. This wer Queen Anne was terminated
by the Treaty of Utrecht in l7l3, at which time the
French fisheries were never more hosrishing. Their
catch of Goldfish alone equal to the supply OF oil
continental Eur Ie By this treaty the English states
men imagined that they had secured the supremacy IN
tie American seas; but france, having the night TO
fish on the east coast of Newfoundland soon took pos
session Of Cape Breton, and began the fertilization at
Iousbourg-the construction OF which occupied TWEEN
ty five years at an expense of nearly six millions Of
dollars Its walls were OF brick brought from France
forty feet thick a; the base and thirty set bigA and
surrounded by ditch eighty feet wide. IL was de-
6nded by zoo cannon bad its nunneres and palaces,
terraces and gardens and called the " Dunkirk Of
America" In the war of l744 this strong fishing
capital was taken by the Yankee fishing sailors and
fishing soldiers-the French commander surrenderng
on the forty ninth day Of the siege-he most remark
able event in our co onial his,ory-a heroic achieve
mept that gave that peace TO Europe.
After all this, by the Treaty of Aixla-chapeie, in
1880 England again restored Cape Breton to France
Al act diseraceful to England-and embittered and
sEepated the feeling o. the fishermen and merchants
Of New. England.
The French again tres oassing upon the fishing
rrht at Nova Scotia, another war was declared, III
1856. and in 1859 Loasbourg was again besiegei,
and taken By force sising of 20 ships OF the ne
Is frigstes and large feet of small vessels and an
amy If a 900 men. General Wolfe comm 'ndei
e.coo trco1s and sgnely dis nguished himself; and
the ue1t ,eor he sailed from Lou-bourg with 1000
troops. and died satisfied on the Plains Of Abr ham
ard the domination in America passed t0rerer no
Ne Gallo 10 the ABglo-Sascn race.
Thus we have seen, that in 1904 The French came
~ tie American seas 20 fish; successful fishing ei 20
extended OK plmaous aud territorial possessions, uni
much the larger portion Of the North American Co..
tinert was under French domina'iooi AID thA' tns
disputes about fsh ggrapts snt fist nsrighs
In succe sivs az To- century an and, many
that iler effor- 10 monopoze the fisheries ended 10
dispossessirg item of every fect Of their Anefc 40
possesscps.
1he BIitcns LOW, 1863, held the mastery over tne
New Wor ard it, fisheries; en- the influence Fien
fish and fishing had in changing the relations between
the American lonies snd the Mother Counuy' "S'
potential and controlling
In the first place ii i historically true thai Enge"'
preyiousy a. well a. subsequently, to her obtaining
tie na.,ery aver the American seas, was Jeaou'
TIE erowi in ortapce of her Colonial nsner'es an'
sought. by Pariismentar, enactmen'' to check 'nen
prosrerits. and make them subsersent and eompenss