New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1855-02-03

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W. s;x feet deep. A great number OF the h"fse'
eS,;ders rerhed In the attempt; bat those Who sac
40 in gsbing the opposite shores cspturea 80
,soo ,avts, ell women aud children uDaee 49, 80
ar, OF see. a. well as aoouE z'V1o hos1 :" liza.
L-nsn v1re not taken az slaves, bot at once kile
T. heinz brought TO the encaupmeot Awe opy ~
- ,,ost cru4I and horrible dssth. No Rrea' 'a.o
y ,tt NOON the Musgo wcmer Is slaves, o".5 If
Asr beips horribly oisfgured b. roona R'. ~
sood ore ard haf inch in disn YER ~n,. .as,nres
scar m both their lips One OF NEE ~, child
~ there fore. be bought for aboat go ana cnl1
~ he had for 20 10 &c, according 70 US sse; o. a.
',arn here The Borpouese marched eastFsro 10 lie
6yer Sbsry. devastating the country quo oo,r.s ~
pberever they went. Aes y cvo.,ei /, a, compare
49,, 81 silo,v rlaca whereby thev los, grest mum
bsr ~ hor,es. Having rescned tns ea''ei" s'io VI
~ ,;vsr tLey captured, within few hours, ~ ieass
$500 slaves Of the 1as so wnS az csitIs Thirty
- rrtn were also brought into the camp; aud 10 tue
.est reyoltirg way the BorDouese, with theu piuus
ss;ve, cut off one arm at the elboT and one ieg a.
he knee OF each Of these captives, who lhus 1rr
~ MANNED gradually bled 10 death. Bat thus Wss
~ The wrrst torture inflicted on the unfortunate cap
,ves The Musgos, living in an entirely naked
.ste. are Greatly affected by the rain and COO,
vesther; their huts being ALEC weiLbul' 10 anD,u
beu sufc;t ut shelter during the rainy season. Ins
aims which commenced while the expedition oe2au
.bsir return. namely, in the beginning OF May were
A The most terrific description; every evening they
vere usheJed 10 with thunder storms and i"ihus'
Ar rather burrcsDef and they came doTo in torrents
.rch ssys DR. Vegel az be had never vltoessed be-
fore or had any conception Of The caPtives iay
buddled together ia the camp-whicb, IN those alu-
nal plare sss soon inundated aud formed into
a., At pool-wi bout any shelter or covering what
aver, fbiveripg with cold, and suhenug dread,uuy.
The corsequehce wac that dysen'ery and smsll- Qox
soon broke out among them in fearful degree, ana
ont of OCO slaves not quite 200 rescued kuka-the
rest bavire .tu. nil erably perish 90 the road.
When i6ose DISEASES appeared in the camp, DR..
yocel who legnn 70 suffer, having for three weeks
never had bs clothes dry, Dor been able to procure
proper end romisbiDg food hsstenCd on TO huks in
advance Of The army, and safely arrived at that
place.
reney ipter sting; for in addition 10 his astronon'-
cal and botanical surveys which may be said TO con-
stute his professional Iabors DohGg of any interest
In every branch of natural science seems TO escape
bjs attention being highly gifted with the powers OF
slose ob,erystion Perhaps tie most important fact
resulting fron this opney is the extremely small el'
eyatoz OF The whole region fraver-od by Dr.. NOgel
spd extending upward of 200 geographical miles 5.
& f. from Kuka. Drs. BHth and Osecseg indeed,
had preyious in uDmistakeabe terus described that
region "a great level plain, bat absolute measure
spts of IL elevation above the sea were hitherto
wanting. Tbis great central PLATA OF Inner Africa,
then present. nowhere far as o. north latitude IA
few isOated small granet,c cones exceptedJ
an eiSyntion exceeding $50 feet. DR. Voge says,
Tint in about IL north lat. 100 miles from Kuka,
10 fourd, ut a depth OF 20 feet under the surface
Of the trcuDd, the seme layer, consisting OF line
tone emo ffeshwater shells which he met with o. ku-
Ia six feet under the grouLd ard be suggests that
tbe whole region extending thus for upward of 100
miles 4. s. l.. from Kuka, was at one time occupied
by Lske 1sad, when its limits extended greatly be-
ycpd it's present ones. But Whether This assumption
be correct or not the we'll ascerainod fact to the
blight eev alton of that region, together with the re-
suits Of tbc previous bypsometrcal ob:eIvssions OF
Dr. Vogel end DR.. Ogerweg as well as Of The dsc0y-
cries and acute estimates Of Dr. Bsrth relating TO
attitudes are well worthy consideration as they
completeIy unset our previous notions of African
geoerapby Itiswell known that all our best author
tiles repes nj the Great Desert Of 'hsra and Desrly
the whole of NOthern Africa, as one vast plain, II
not a desd level at least one OF very little eleva-
ton; yhtresa Immediately to the south of Lake
Tsad, the existence Of mountain ranges, alpine
proups highauds, and mighty table lands of many
thousand feet elevation WAS asserted aud taught us as
well established facts. Nov, from toe observations
made by the members Of the Expedition to Central
Africa this If found TO be quite the reverse aud both
features may be truly said 10 have changed places
an extensive ablelaId from 600 10 1000 feet aver
age elevation occupying the Sahar4 whereas on rho
other baDd the extensive basin OF Lake lsad anu me
river Shay forms great interior depression, which
aitaiDs it, n bimum elevation ia ths Lake WITH $50
feet. On every ride the basin Of Lake Tsad is ringed
sith mose lees elevated traits which separate II
fiom the otler photographed systems, as, for in-
stance those Of the Nile and the kowaIa. These
new facts q The relative elevation of Inner Africa
also exploih 10 Ms many features connected with the
ply sics confgura,iop, the climate botany, and
zoology of he regions they refer TO-
The countries round Luke Tsad form an immense
nlluyial plain. DR. Vogel after leaving the oasis OF
ARba6em situated upward of $50 &c graphical mIes
north from Kuls. did not see sine'e rock or stone
ill he came 10 WaZa, which lies uoHtri OF 100 miles
s. s. T.. of Kuka; thus leaviog an ouvial tract be-
tween the two points Of upward Of $50 geographic
miles in the heart of Africa. At Wszs an isolated
group Of grsUiic cones rises almost perpeadicusry
ont OF the aluva plain to the hight o! 400 feet above
their basis.
As 10 the photography Of this region, Dr. Vogel
had the opportunity TO trace the. Shary, lie maln
stream Il a considerable distance. IL was found by
him in about loo north Latitude, about ? 600 feet
vide and at average, Is feet deep II being thsn
at the con rner cement Of the rainy Here aud
there ssndbaIks extended across the river, leaving
depth of only SIX to eight feet. II ron with cur
rent Of four geographical miles per hour. From traces
found by DIR, Ncgl on its steep bauks he estimates
II to rise coube its hight wis thsty feet depth in
the middle Of the rainy eesson, and from the admea5-
urtmeIts SIDE by him, this large river discharges no
less than l80 900 cubic feet per second into Lake
Tsad during that period of the yesr Between the
ATTITUDES OF 10 and lie the natives al the river Ar
reh-with the Bornouese it bearing, in general the
name of the River Of Loggeneh."
The Lake Of Tubor, already mentioned in the
above stretches from 10" north latitude and Il 80
east longitude in a diversion from north 10 south, 70
beyond the ninth parallel; in Us wedge-se form, its
width and tpth increasing southwark 50 that IN ati-
eude ~ 30 north, it is four miles eide, comprising
numerous Islands of elopg gated FORM densely peo
pied by Mosgos and Tuboris. At its northern sxtre
ity which, is surrounded by ia-ge marshes, its
depth is FIVE six feet but in latitude % so north it
twenty feet. The length from north to south, DR..
Vogel believes TO be no less than sixty 10 eighty geo.
graz hioal miles, Neither DIR. BsTth nor DR. Overweg
has, so far rs are aware, alluded TO this inme1se
lake houqh the country Of The Tufuri dentc with
Tunoril is shown in Bsrths Map. We think it, there.
fore not unlikely that this great expsnse Of compare
lively shallow water is of periodical nature; beag
enlarged, if not even caused, by the floods of the
rsry season, like many other African lakes Lake