The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1855-05-05

preponoerance assured. From her inaccessible
ports she touched all empires and all kingdoms Not
many bend beneath the weight the Colossus that esnt
upon her. but Greece, Italy, Spain, Egypt and all
blow their security and independence Strange
circumstance Europe had shut its eyes to this in
vason Of the north In 1928 France and England burn
ing the Turkish feet ut Navarno, destroyed tbs
which protected the west At period we sought an
ally al st. Petersburg instead of behodng there an ad
England Prussia, and Austria leaving asice the Cabinet
OF the Tueries again united themselves without susp
in its inaccessible port activity Of its docsyards and
arfenals did not appear to any ONE It
forgotten that far back 1905 feet left that point
with II GOO men board, landed them in Italy and
brought the Russians and French in contact in the Me-
oierrsnean Yet that was warning worthy OF record,
by the domination Of the Straits could reach to the
trance Of the Adiiatc.
France united to austria, defined her invading policy
much more precisely by the object she pursued and by
is revelation in Itself W. borrow Il from an authentic
document recenty published in the memoirs OF
man, Admiral Icnakof to whom the Emperor Alexander
isia.- 1'N'i w. -p''' -
The a:tuss eondus. Of Austria which has jus. allied
its 70 DISCOMFORT the hostile intentions Of those two
Dalmatis NSntsnsso. 6Tsis and Iiyra who armed
fully with operasiass The Hnnsarians, dissatisfied
also an excellent means for alarm xustra Tor MAXIM
es aGr
Sss tho aHs
upon right wing French posses
against must be to occupy Bosnia Dsmata Croa
sss sss "e one ss
riator with the English eetand to make every
effort fan into fame the dscontent in the Tyrol and
aons with their .etuai You
70 20 9s sh' For example,
as the Of sas
among them and suitable titles for the chiefs
may deem expedient to gain them most conforma
such the views Of Russia as far ba,k as 1872 not
only against France but against Austria. This incen
diary plan could not have left the archives of St. Peters
burg at fitting moment to chow to Europe, and
especially to the Cabinet OF Vienna the immense int
rest that every must have to put finally barrier to
scts the foresight Of tbs Emperor Napoleon l. If the
heirs Of Peter the Great Should dominate at Con
traced sil sides by the pc werful arm of Russia,
won,d be at the mercy Of an enterprise such as the
caring ind OF the Emperor alexander had conceived.
given up 10 all the exciiements OF its remembrances.
The Adriatic exposed to the brosque attack of slave
coalition would to be the mart and bulwark OF
the Austrian empire and the key OF the Gulf Trieste
would pass by surprise from Vienna Sc Petersburg
Necessary, and more Just before Coz and univer.
sal conscience, than this resistance Of which the
,b IT, Of the Wst sa' H
France drew the sword in the Of every other
State Their and fleets the dpant garde of
Europe Having the honor of arriving 6rst the thea
tire of they had the right to expect they would
followed there and they confidently awaited Austria
and Prussia at this rendezvous of the equilibrium
of the indie pepoence of European order.
Austria and Prussia did not hesitate to place them.
which France and England were about to fight In the
signed at Vienna they gnised the rights OF
Turkey they rejected the advances Of the Gar who
not daring to teir support, confined himself
poae to them resignation and neutrality they united
themselves by a treaty for the guarantee Of German
interests; they placed their armies footing,
and they invited the German Con edaration to folaw
their example; butt while preparing themselves for
action, IL two great German Powers hesitaed to act
1t courage which they wanted-for governments
that have the responsibility Of the hcnor and welfare Of
their country at heart are ia that: what
,hey wanted confder Co interested in the causes
of tie war, they uncertain OF its object. 1t
that object wh;n it was necessary to define, SO to
leave them cause tor hesitation or 0istrust.
The EMPEROR In opening the Legislative session of 1854
said in his speech
he sword il is because che Is cempeled to do It
nows that France has no idea OF agsrsndzement She
openly to declare that time Of conquests is r
evocaby past for it Is not by extending the limits Of
and powerful is BY eacns itself At the head Of
generous IDEAS by making every where to prevail the
That solemn declaration left doubt upon the char
ecer of the war allowed distust of intentions
# the govern ments of France and England Thus,
nteri ed to 49, 1t was easy for NJ iroayn de pHuys in
concert with Lord CLARENDON TO reply IN the name Of
he Emperor in his memorable note to NJ de Bourqae.
pey formulating the general conditions upon which
1be allied Powers would consent to treat tor the restoa
tion Of peace Those conditions comprise what is
ventlopaly Understood by the ''Four guarantees"
Germany, however, would Lot come to decision, and,
while notes and counter notes were exchanged between
we. and 81 war continued NTH T%. sna
fought before sebastopol Or the cause, and
they avshed their blood for the Independence and equ
brium Of Europe Finally Austria asked II would
still treat upon the basis Of the four guaran
tees The hesitation long in the councils OF the two
allied Powers II appeared to them that after such go
rous efforts sacrdces after having gained
two Victories AZ Alma and Inkermanu. when their
mics were besiegng sebastopol and when their fleets
the Black Sea- they had the right to exact
But the interest of alliance with Austria for peace
for everruled the inspiration Of those Legitimate
actions The treaty Of the I'd OF December the
suit Of that policy.
II was therefore from consideration to Austria from
the offensive and defensvs all with her,
and to give to Germany unequvocal proof Of mode
ration oted the overture Of negotiations
ai~sys the right of introducing thereto aoy other CON
clifton that might result from the chances OF war.
On the part Of the allied governments this act Of mo-
Iteration cost nothing TO their dignity to the int
which they defend for had n been they never
would have given their consent. In fact there but
one Of TWO things possible those negotiations would
succeed would FAIL Ii successful Europe, by the
four guarantees, obtained Sopdor which four months
previously Count Nesselroje declared could only &C
cept after years Of disastrous warfare if failure
Austria whose alliance became offensive one, entered
into aimed action, and the weight Of her s~ord would
optan by what her influence could not effect
n the conferences.
Thus in either case it WAS well to negotiate Vienna,
while continuing all tina same to fight ia the Crimea.
As REGARDS the conditions Of peace, nothing be
more just more Moderate, more conformaole TO the
rights and interests Of Europe 1t will be for 20
e:tsbsh this by cbaractefizng clearly the thought
which dictated them and the object which they to
achieve The first of the four conditions, in putting
the pro.eetorate Of Russia in the Prncipaties
Of Mo!dava, Waachia and S.rvis, and in placing
their privileges under the collective guarantee OF
the great Powers, takes away from the Cabinet OF
St. Petersburg the rights which pretended to hodfrom
ancient treaties, and which oaly the for sub
jugatirR those populations for domn tinx Turkey for
approat hing Austria her most vulnerable eide, and
for troubling the whole OF Europe the second by shpu
latng the free navigation OF the Danube beraes the
commerce Of all Enthusiastically OF Austria-from
the moral and msteral obstacles which i'm pede IT, and
throws the mouths Of that o tine States
of which IL Is the fortune and the defsuc-,