davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Cedar County advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Iowa) 1853-1856, 1855-05-16

THE ELEcrloy IN Kansas" w.
have occupied CONSERVATIVE, aud national
ground. promptly opposing the me ssures
and men who haze brought on this crisis.
Will the President meet il? Surely he
cannot longer follow counsc!s from anonp
Abo.H,onist and Nu.lliirrs The coun
try demands that sound, firm, energetic
men have the directions O. rublic affairs
who VIII i."press and enforce justice
and law. There is virtually no law il
Kansas, and no security lor Iiie aud
property, say" in the sense OF honor and
justice cherished by every true pioneer
lhis nay save the country IRON blood.
| SHED but ,hd@Gorrrnment is held up Il
redlcnle aud contempt and It's authoru,
disregarded- Judges Of elections hav.
been displaced, and others appointed
tie polls have Ill some instances, beer
guarded with pistols and bowie -kni,es -
and some OF those elected are going tG
the Governor swearing dat if he does
not give certificate of election mme
diately, they will .eut his throat from
ear to ear" Is the flag Of our country
to be no lon ger protection !--or are in
divld .als or companions OF men to de-
clare We WILL and j, MUST be so, with
ou: regard TO law? Is this wha, the au-
,hors Of the Nebraska Kansas bill meant
by Squatter Sooe,eignty!'
We are unable TO discover ANYTHING
dreadful III the above. Ii the editor
told the truth, his remarks are fair and
correct.
The Cedar County advertiser. [volume] (Tipton, Iowa) 1853-1856, 1855-05-16

esS- A strong mad-dog exci,emen
prevailed at Warsaw. Mo-, ut the latest
dates. Three or four persons had been
bitten and many dogs killed.
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
ARRIVAL OF THE AMERICA.
TEN LATER FROM EUROPE


The arrival of the America at Halifax, gives
us ten days later news. Her news though i'm
portant, brings nothing of interest from the
from the dispatches given below, that
Austria has joined France and England, which
will change the theatre of action to within the
Austrian borders. Russia now offers to treat
for peace, on terms which it is certain the al
lies will reject. --~,..-
The Mail Steamer America from Liverpool
on the 9th has arrived here en- route for Bos-
ton Her advices are ten days later than that
brought by the Pacific and though devoid OF
anything exciting from the seat of war are OF
the utmost Importance, inasmuch as it states
that most important negotiations were in pro-
gress and that Austria had signed treaty with
England and France.
The steamer Sarah Sands and steamer Wash
ington sailed, the first from Liverpool for Port
land, Maine on the 9Th; the second from South.
ampton for New York, on the 9th. The Wash
ington had 100 passengers and cargo valued
at 100000.
The allies were continually receiving rein
fOrcements, and were mainly engaged in
strengthening their position.
The chief interest is now conferred in the ne
gociations which had become completed, and
of vast Importance, between Austria, France
and England. They were signed at Vienna,
binding it is supposed, Austria to declare war
against Russia within one month"; and England
and France to guarantee her against invasion
or Instruction.
Austria calls upon the Germanic states to
support her with the federal troops, but Rus
sian influences are at work in opposition to
her.
Commercial letters assert that Austria went
into the treaty unwillingy, but consented to
it in preference to breaking entirely with the
Western powers.
Nesselrode has published aletter; defining
the four terms On which Russia peace; viz a
joint protectorate of the five powers over the
christians in Turkey; like protectorate over
the municipalities, subject to existing Russian
treaties; the reversion of the treaty of lS41,
to which Russia will assent if the Sultan will;
the free navigation of the Danube
Prussia and all the Germanic States, were
hastily putting all their armies on a war foot
ing.
Admiral Hamline had resigned the command
returned to France.
The remainder of the French troops in
Greece, had been ordered to the Crimea.
A proposition is to be submitted to the Brit
ish Parliament for the augmentation of the
British army to the extent of three hundred
and sixty thousand men.
The Spanish Chambers have decided to sup
port the present dynasty.
The Danish Minister had resigned.
Mr.. Soule had arrived at Madrid.
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
R Reported for the Daily Pioneer.
SIXTH SESSION OF THE LEGISLATURE
OF MINNESOTA.
COUNCH-SecOnd Day.

"a
81 THURSDAY, January A, 1855.
Council met-the President pro tenn. in the
chair
Prayer was offered by the Rev. DR.. Van
Ingen.
The roll having been called, and the journal
of yesterday read and corrected.
Mr. an Ettcn moved that Council do now
proceed to elect a President for the session,
and that tellcrs be appointed.
Mr.. Brown hoped the motion would not pre-
vail, and moved to adjourn until 10 O'Clock to-
morrow morning. The motion was lost.
Mr.. Van Etten's motion was renewed and
carried
The roll being called for the choice of a
President, S. Baldwin Olmsted was unanimous
ly elected.
Mcssrs. Van Etten and Brown were appoin-
ted committee to wait on the President elect
and conduct him to the chair.
On taking the chair, Mr.. Olmsted made a
few remarks expressive of his gratitude for this
renewal OF confidence on the part of Council
and OF his determination to discharge the dr-
ties of his office to the utmost of his ability.
On motion of Mr.. Brown, Council proceed
ed to the election of permanent officers.
a. ). Morgan was unanimously chosen clerk.
n. e. Baker was unanimously chosen assist
ant Clerk
William Caldwell was unanimously chosen
enrolling Clerk.
w. c. johnson was unanimously chosen
Sergeant-atArms.
G. B. Chapman ives unanimously chosen
Messenger.
+. j. Bartlett was chosen Fireman. Mr..
Ne Wn T Tecelveo swo t tba
Resolved, That the Rev. j a. Rihaldaffer
be appointed Chaplain of the Council. Which
was adopted
Mr.. Brown moved that Committee of three
be appointed to draft permanent rules for the
permanent government of Council.
The resolution was adopted, and the Presi-
dent appointed Messrs. Brown, Stearns, and
Murray that Committee.
Mr.. Murray, after a few PREDATORY remarks
offered the following resolution:
ResOlred, That the Secretary be directed
to enquire and report the reasons why the
Journal of Council has not been printed
bound, and delivered according to law.
Mr.. Van Etten explained that by a resOlu-
ton of last session it was directed that the
Journal of the Counciland of the House should
be bound together. The volume thus made
was cumbersome, that after counsel with gen
tlemen, it was determined to bind but few.
and submit them to the present Legislature in
hopes of securing repeal of the resolve of the
last Legislature. This, as he understood it,
was the only reason why the law had not been
fully complied with. r'
The resolution passed.
On motion af Mr.. Stearns, Council adj
ourned.
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
War in Grass Valley-LOla Monies in
the Fled.

The Sacramento Union has Geographic
dispatch, dated Grass Valley, to the following
effect:
Our town was thrown into state of lud-
crous excitement this forenoon, by the appear
ance of Madame Lola Monies rushing from her
residence, through Mill st., towards Main st..
with lady's delicate riding whip in one hand
and a copy of the Telegraph in the other, cher
eyes in fine frenzy rolling" vowing ven
geance on that scoundrcl of an editor, &C.
She met him at the Golden Gate Saloon-the
crowd who were on the qui uiue, following in
her footsteps. Lola struck at the editor with
her whip, but he caught and wrested it from
her before she could hit him blow. She
then applied womans best wcapon-her
tongue. Meanwhile her antagonist contented
himself with keeping perfectly cool. Finding
all her endeavors powerless, the "divine Lola"
appealed to the miners, but the only response
rendered was shout of laughter. Mr. Ship
ley, the editor, then triumphantly retired, hay
ing, by his calmness, completely worn out his
fair enemy.
The immediate cause of the fracas was the
appearance of sundry articles, copied from the
New York Times, regarding the Lola Mon
tes-like insolence, and effrontery of the Queen
of SPAIN" The entire scene was decidedly
rich.
The appeals of the Countess to the honest
miners" were powerless and so she invited all
hands in to take drink, but the response was
groan, and none stepped forward to show
themselves her champion. The whole affair."
so far as the lovely Lola was concerned, was
complete farce.
How are the mighty fallen! none so poor
to do her reverence"
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05

FINANCIAL AFFAIRS. The weekly bank
statement proves much more satisfactory than
was generally anticipated, and will have ben
eticial effect in giving more confidence to the
disposition of the banks to increase their ac-
commodation to the public. The special
strength of the banks has been increased by
about one million of dollars and their loan
has been increased $350,00O. The banks, how
ever, justly feel, that to retain this strength,
not at all greater than needed, they must be
cautious in increasing their aggregate amount
of loans.
The banks this season have contracted to
greater extent than they did last but their
lowest point of contraction was reached in No
vember last year, and in January they had
again considerably expanded. Bank action is
likely to be similar this season. This is the
first week since September, in which reduc-
ton has not been shown in the amount of dis
counts. From this date, they will probably
increase, though at first slightly.-N. Y. Ere
Post, 18th.
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
BOsTON, December %.

Last night about II o'clock fire broke out
at No. II, School street. occupied by George
J. Bems, Moon, Reddley & Co., John Nelson
a Co., and other printing and newspaper Of
fees
The office of the New England Farmer the
Massachusetts PlOwman, the Christian Regis
ter, the True Flag and the Puritan, are burn
ed up or greatly damaged. The fire was con-
fined to the upper portion of the building
The stores below escaped damage except by
water. Loss, about $4,000.
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
TELEGRAPHIC ITEMS.

BUFFALO, December %.
Lord Elgin left Canada for England, via
New York yesterday. He was escorted out
of the city by guard of honor.
Sir Edward Head held his first levee at the
Government House yesterday.
The thermometer at Montreal was % de-
grces below zero to-day.
The Joint Stock Bank has been sued here
as foreign corporation, and an Injunction is
sued, holding all bills due it for the benefit of
the bill holders
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05

Hoes AND PACKING.-On account of the
warm weather, the packers are in some degree
Stacking up. On yesterday about 1000 head
were killed with 1900 remaining in the pens
The price ranges at $3.50, 1915 and 81 ac-
cording to quality, with premium to butch
ers.-Aiton TEL
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05

J. God Of the craven heart! idol of mil
lions, how splendid are thy temples, how
Jealous are thy worshippers. They gather
around thy smile in the morning, they
leave not thy devotions at midnight! Thou
smilest upon them, and they grow mad in
the midnight of their palaces. They make
themselves monarchs in fancy, and conquer
ors in dreams Who can withstand thee?
Thou leadest the feet of beauty and dost
direct the arm of the brave! thy pathway
is that of triumph, thy presence the solace
of power Thou didst silence the voice OF
eloquence when the Macedonian held thee
up glittering before the eye of the orator;
and the mistress of the world rose before
thee in the balance! Disposer of empires!
thou spreadest all over the world Thy
spell nerved the assassin and urged the lie
trayer. Thy yellow visage inspired the
spoiler when he sought thee on the crimson
field, and made himself red in the carnage
In all ages thou hast triumphed. Whether
in the thirty pieces rewardng Judas, or
the sparkling crown On the brow of ty-
rant; always alike invincible The man of
business bows obsequiously to thee The
man Of fashion falls before thee, and the
miser clutches thy garment as though it
were the curtain of heaven. Thou hast a
retinue of coaches, and an army of slaves.
Thou hast goal of splendid misery; where
guilt makes her alliance with death. The
virgin of the sanctuary fears not thy foot
steps, and the shorn priest flies not the
power of thy magic. -Ossian.
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
ALBANY, December q.

A beautiful young girl eighteen years old,
named Weaver, belonging to Schoharie coun-
ty, was operated on in the hospital here for a
tumor on the neck. Ether was administered,
VIXEN she tainted. Stimulants ware then Civ
en- so as to revive her, when more ether was
ad recourse to. The operation was proceed
ed with, she was completely Supplied, and not
long afterwards she died. DR.. Marsh assisted
by DR.: Ormsby and others, performed the OPP
GRAFTON. ~ .sz 49,
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05

LIBEL SUrr-Charles 7. Loosely, Esq, the
Austrian Consul at New York, has commenc
ed suit for libel against the proprietors of
the New York Eapress, damages $50, 900, for
alleging that he refused to obey summons
issued by police magistrate, and that the
Consul wasengaged in fraudulent transaction
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
BALTIMORE. Dee % ,

BALTIMORE, Dec. 20.
The employees on the second section of Bal
timore & Ohio r: r., struck to day against an
extension of the hours of daily work. 5.
The Mount Savage Iron COMPANY have
suspended operations in their rolling mills and
furnaces. 4-ei y 30 .ss.e3 -.
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05

~ Printers in Minnesota and Northwestern Wiscon
sin are respectfully informed that on hand at the
Psneer Office large assortment of LIGHTBODY's ST
PERIOR PRINTING INKS, which we will sell at Manufac
turers Prices adding transportation. This Ink used
in this establishment.
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
NEW ORI.EAEc Doo On

rII.5fr New ORLEANS, Dec. 20. T.
The ship carpenters of this city struck in a
body to-day, on account of their employers at
tempting to reduce their wages to two dollars
and half per day, and also wanting to
lengthen their days work an hour and a half.
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05

&S See third page, under Commercial head for rate
o. Money and Exchange, ST. Paul and Galena Markets
and miscellaneous items
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05

So JEFFERSON FARMER Esq is authorized Agent
Tor TIE PIONEER at Gaena to procure subscribers ad
Fer'sements His receipts will be regarded as payments
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05

WASHINGTON, Dec. %.
A bill is about to be introduced, lcgisating
Judge De Witt, of Ohio. out Of office, by abol-
ishing his Court, and establishing two distinct
Courts in the place of it.
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05

SEALED PROPOSALS.
WILL be received at this office until the Goth of Jan
w uary, 1885, for the furnishing and delivery at Fort
Ripley, NJ t. 'ior year from the 1st of Februa ~
1855" of Fresh Beef, of good and wholesome quality
in quarters, with equal share Of other parts, necS
and shanks to be excluded) in such quantities may be
from time to time required for the Troops Fort Ripley
the delivery of Beef not to exceed week Persons
making bids will direct TO this office.
Office of the Asst Commsssry of Subsistence, -
Jana TIA Fort Ripley. VI. T. (
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
WHITE KID GLOVRS.
"A FEW DOZEN pairs for sale cheapby
IA dec. S-dtf HEN i. ,
BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT

BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT
&D- THE CHEST. ga
Sih ASHLEY COOPER, Bart, nj. D.. the eminent
~ Medic al Practitioner, has left valuable legacy to
SuMPTlON and UNFAlLING CURE Fer PUI.
MONARY DISEASES, with cut the use of medic me-
Or A. BART, invented and advised the of the
Medfcated Fur Chest Protector.
we nave been appointed by Messrs. Harcourt, Brad
ley Co OfNew York, the wholesale and retail agents
Tor the Territory of Minnesota for these useful health
iul, and we may say invaluable articles. These Pro-
tectors are OF European manufacture and being
introduced INTO the United States by Messrs. IIarcour
Bradley IL Co., the liberal and most extensive
scale OF advertising ever adopted in this country In
this cold climate they will prove desideratum Call
il you please BOND e. KELLOGG
nov28 Wholesale and retail agents for the Territory
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05

Jackson iNtTee Ueticcen THTd ana F0Hth,
LOTT MOFFErT, Proprietor.
GOOD BOARDING, by the day week, month, easy
terms. have kept hotel in St Paul for five years and
consea uenty understand the wants Of all who
PEELED to board Sign Sgusre and Compass. dec16dly
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
ATTENTION FARNERS,

... ATTENTION FARMERS. .s
II ILL the varnlint. We usual " death on
IN wolves" On hand, large quantity Of strych-
nine, just the quantity you want, in betes asO rat
and mice extermnators, chemical preparation, supe-
riOr to and more safe than arsenic. Call on
BOND 4 KELLOGG
nov28 Upper Town.
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
st. 39auI a0h'ts


HOG ~ CO.'S RaBcnt Ground Saws.
V6NHE subscribers ufacture from the best
n Circular Saws from two inches to eighty inches in
diameter Their Saws are hardened and tempered and
ground and finished by machinery designed expressly
for the purpose and therefore much superior
ground in the usual manner they strengthened
and stiened by increasing them III thickness regularly
from the cutting edge to the centre consequently do
become heated bucked and produce great saving in
lumber.
They also manufacture Cast Steel MILL pit and Cross
Cut Saws and Billet webs of superior quality all of
which they have for SALE they be obtained of the
principal hardware merchants throughout the United
States and Canada. R. HOE Co.
Jan st 90 and 81 Gold street. New York.
GRAND BALL DE COSTUME.
PROF.. DE GRAY BENNIE,
IL pupils that extensive arrangements are being
given in ST. Paul. and every way worthy the occa
sion which it is 10 commemorate,
THE BATTLE OF n. ORLEANS.
Which will take place Monday, January 9th 1855
his Academy, Mazourka Hall
Genteman's Ticket without costume) $500
Costume furnished by Mr.. Bonnie.
Those gentlemen not wishing to appear in character will
wear Black Dress Coats and pants white satin Vests and
white satin Cravats white kid Gloves and dancing pumps
variety of beautiful Dances will be performed by Mr.
Bennies pupils in various characters neither pains
nor expense will be spared to add to its bancy chaste
ness and elegance
Tickets be had of Mr. Bonnie his Academy where
the list of subscribers may be seen and costums selected
st. Paul. December Odd 1854. 1T
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
THE HYDROMAGEN.

Or WATERPROOF Anti-ConsumpIive Cork Soles
MANUFACTURED by HARCOURT, BRADLEY
1Vl Co., "A Market street, Manchester PRINCIPAL
warehouse, l02 Wood street, Cheapside, London Eng
land American establishments IS Ann street and 40
Nassau street, New York.
We also the wholesale and retail agents for The
Territory, for the above Invaluable article For further
advert sements the Daily Pioneer Times and Min
nesOtian also the handbll, POSTERS show-cards nam
phles, and publications now being issued crcula
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
MONEY MONEY i!

n unlimited sums, can be obtained at c. H. PARKERS
RANKING House. st. Paul at C. H. Parker & Co. $.
Stwaer, a. any time dufisg the next months on
NO paper, or on unincumbered real estate in Ramsey
III" ""e"i's 'on COUNTIES. diecl5tillap15
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05

a SPLkNDID LAW lLDKAKl. complete viii be solo
IN on Saturday evening at public auction, by
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
SEALED PROPOSALS

a FINE assortment of Ready Made Clothing. Boots
"A Shirts &C., &c, will be sold at auction Satur-
day evening. F. + COLLINS
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
IEO. NJ PROPPEh. cARIos u,r cox
PROPER Il Wilcox.
DEALERS IN REAL ESTATE.

DEAEEKs IN REAL ESTATE,
PRACTICAL SURVEYORS GENERAL IAND
AGENTS.
Office, IN Me.O S. Land Office Building, Minneapolis,
N. r. - II ~
CURVEYING & PLATING of every Je.cr;n,;o,,
~ done with accuracy. Particular attention given TO
Surveying and Locating Government Lands in the Pine
ries and elsewhere in the Territory. Gold and Land
Warrants are in request-nvestments made or loans
negotiated collections made and taxes paid-agen
cies solicited. f ~
Strangers and citizens wishing to locate sell or pur
chase lands are invited TO call. Claimants can make
advantageous arrangements with for their purchase
money. valuable property now and always on hand in
the Embryo Cities of oils ST Anthony and ST.
Paul also, improved FARMS rural and Pine lands all
oil which we offer on the most liberal terms. We re-
specially solicit and hope merit, share of public
and private trust.
August 81, 1854. aug. 3l-d&wu
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05

THE unpublished erery ,cee csay mon.
ntng at the Office, Third Of Jackson Street Saint
raul Minneotd, and frnishel 10 Mail Subscribers for
Sir Dollars Year Adodnce. City Subscribers Fifteen
Cents a Week paydbleto the Carrier
THE WEEKLY PIONEER, printed at the sam. otaoe.
sen, 20 HdA Sscribers al the foong rates: Single Conn
1oelce Copies TWslUe Dollars To take adtntaqe ii
ne Ctao rates hoerer the subscription prize must be paid in
Pc IL COhhESPONDENTS.-An comm, nm, cations
~t rsce'cc no attention. All articles profssno 10 state facts
,ast e accompanied by The authors name not for pablica
non" QUE as guarantee Of the truth of the statements made
Voluntary Correspondence containing important e,c or
statistics Of the condition gooh of t0,cns and settlements
hrouqhOns the Northeast. is spiicited
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05

WEESROzI 4 WHEEEIOCk,
COLLECTORS OF EEBTS AND GENERAL AGENTS
WILL atten! to the collection Debts throughout the
w Territory. Buying and selling Real Estate Pay
ng taxes locating Land Warrants entering lands and the
transaction of business requiring the union of legal
information or professional services-with a practical
knowledge othe details Of business and the important adj
vanages acquired by long residence and extensive
qiaIntancc i'll the Territory Our arrangements embrac
the most ample facilities for the speedy collection of debts
distant parts of the Territory.
Office Third street, two doors above Whitney Gal
eirv. NAV c5 wifi
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
CHERRY BRAND

CHERRY BRANDY.
A FINELY Favored, rich and delightful article, by
"A the bottle gallon, at
BOND & KELLOGG'S,
nov29~ 81, Old Brown Drug Store.
The daily Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1854-1855, 1855-01-05
BOSTON BOOT AND SHOE S,a.lEsE.

- w. MORSE & co.
WHOLESALE and Retail dealers in Boots, Shoes
sn.. , Muooers Duiialo Overshoes, &C. &c, would
they have on hand large and well selected stock of
BOOTS AND SHOES
Which will be sold cheap for cash Orr sock 10 of,h
faction t.t " give su'is-
City and country dealers will find il for their ;n,ere,
to give us a call before purchasing elsewhere
Store on Third near Cedar street
81. raul, NOV. 81, l654-dtf b. W. MORSE 4 co