The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1855-01-13

Usht taaA ander me present constitution i wholly man
pAesoe snd impossible TO be carried into eject Tr -
enne OF The country whether collected from he ss, -
he sale of the public lands i paid into TIE naonsl fr
ssy without any rsfereace q ne rule nbOdied bs
deeds @ eession, aud i applied or the general welfare
under the limitations imposed By the constitution 81 i7s
and wshoat any reference % The eighth arcle q a 81
proportion Of each State in the genera eharge a -
psnditure that phrase having relation % ssfss whieh
hAs been wholly changed BY the eonsttatouaad ~
longer possible IN the sane way pay back Ihe several
States parties 70 the FEDERAL alliance the frplus ~
The expenditures fixed BY Congress
~ can ee maintained the 0,b~r hand with Irresistible
strength of argument THAI the States which were par
% the deeds Of eesson also parties 70 The eont
o lgs-an article ofwhich oonrs amplsst powers 81
disposal q ne public lands which the passage OF Tie home
stead calls for so incontrovertble IA ths ft ara -
complete - The abrogaon By the present constitution ef
~ precedent IN the deeds of cessiou that i can
hara4y again DC drawn INTO question
AZ to the principles Of the homestead being unjust "a he
ola States ~ regards the territory acquired siuce t 49,
y eeson he objection win scarcely be deemed tenable
tae Subsequent scqnisons havsas hsan made a6les Z,
All fhe conditions aad limitations az tbe c,,usf,t;
ana iaiins thereore under the rule og stribaiou
Besides to be remembered that the cid States have
originally received grants OF the lands within tev n,it
and have since converted and applied the proceeds The
Ao ana SUN continue the objects Of government
bounty 10 other ways Have liberal appropriations been
made from time 70 time for the improvement of rivers ANA
harbcrs ~ the old States Has not the public money bsep
expended there prousey for the construction of light
houses coast deences and pahe edfces2 And have bsy
not been the greatest sharers Ia all the great nesn ~
eslsalon winch mark The history Of the country 1--we
SPEAK only OF the States Of New England and the suQ
growing States Of the South haye they not been the g
est gamers BY the sem of high duties But Il i inpos
oie hy the same act Of legislation TO benefit ID he same
degree new country In ths wilderness and Stars brh
nave dense population with few nnoecupied lands II il
however sufficient to prove the impartial and paterua
character Of the government all interests are dulv ~
merneerec and benefited In turn
But again when speak Of benefting the od States
aeE Ne near me people OF those States and any
nng whatever OF an inaniate nature whether mountain
or PLAIN field or forest town country If so tie home
stead Z measure in which the people Of the cid states
VIII participate the most largely, because they have the
largest number within their limits who can take dv.n
tage OF lis provisions know indeed that this very ir
ssance y made an objection to the homestead because
! y pronounced temptation, indncernent to large
domain.
But it be that portions OF II. valuable tiz.p
neither native or foreign Of the old States shall feel n
iucsments presented them by fhs bill 10 emigration i II
my reason for Withholding such Inducements that the
anahoiders OF New England New York and Pennsylyauia
would thereby be deprived some extent Of their ten
ns CT that the demand for farms might be ss
chye have the rights OF labor claims recognition
~ e part or the national legislature, except rs secondary
md subsidiary TO those Of landhofdersY Sir am free t
oness that nay reflections upon this subject have led me 10
ery d1srcnt conclusions am Of opinion that govern
nent then best discharges It's muitihous and responsible
unes as TAR as practicable and legitimate within the
cope OF Its powers by advancing every under It's
ontroi sir feel convinced that such remnant OF fea-
a. oondage no such slavish doctrine would tie the ten
NJ to me soil OF his employer will Gnd sanction in
= ,se % near's o. hs land Our ancestors hid done with
ac reign Of Edward through that Of Henry VII ana IN
bat q Charles they finally succeeded in erngushing
ae fnnre OF shenays, and converted all lands in The
ecognses nothing else socage The legal sysems
The assumption, however, that shc passssr " w.
would, for time operate uneauaiiy toNaras tne ~
reducing the price of property there not we'll oand-
d Surely such consequence would not be more likely
follow ths than It would the pre-empaon
Whatever rFegglarity might be the resaii of he h-
reduction Of the new policy believe IL would BE- of brief
uratiun and quite napprecabie Sacn are ue energies
indnstrysuch the stimulus Of free instnons tnat no
eld Of enterprise viii long reraaln unocehpea Inc noe
4 prosperity which is soatinuay rolling over the land
:i-a uvster Is ever trrding to uniform level.
But to cspr r apprchsnsonH Of gentlemen let as refer
the reality of things exhibited by the experience Of
he country for the last years period Of unpre
,edened prosperity in the departments of commerce. gr
,ultnre and internal improvements--in which many
Of have been between the
leaboard and the valleys Of the Mississippi and the St
lawrence and in which Than hunired and forty
Eve millions Of Of the public lands have been dis
posed good portion Of which has been reduced under
period 10 which the prices
produce and real estate in the old STATES have been bet
ter maintained Thus Notwithstanding Ae vast
Of the products of the interior which have been brought
into competition with those Of the old States and notwih
standing the mighty Of emigration TO The West by
which their population has been annually carried or the
effect upon prices has not only been wholly uniei b the
latter have continued 10 advance.
kindred objection the last ID that which represents
the grants proposed by this bill doing inusce te
those who have heretofore purchased Of government 81 ~
and 81 rs per acre Here ron make distinction i Is
said which works injustice 10 former purchasers But you
made the distinction. and created inequality
which worked the injustice when yon reduced tba
crie az The lands from So 81 rs per acre and still later
when the last session You passed the Land graduation
bill By this argument whatever policy in regard % our
hand system may FIRST, by accident. have stumbled
upon that with Interchangeable tenacy, should be main
tanned Such an argument ID Of no avail You can
not tie up the hands Of your successors In iegsa-
ton and the policy which is good for genera
tion may be totally unadapted TO the next Ipora n-
tantar 4 NOS gasr1g HsrThe times change, and W
with them Doubtless the eada system in the warike
times in which il honrshed in the middle ages was wise
and useful institution. SO, in the condition of things e2-
isting in Europe monarchy in some form may BE- the
best government for any given nation though he progress
of and Of social aeoration may, 10 the next age
find obsolete and scs epcto Sir II ia one thing 70
require price for your domain when the country y IN
need revenue and another and quite different one %
give ii free 70 actual settlers when IL longer needed
for revenue and In order carry out great scheme o
policy not favorable individuals than 70 al the
great interests Of the eounfya policy which, more ta
any other viii offer ts appropriate Inducements 70 aocr
viii build up into organized societies The untenaned wiz
deruess and people the solitary leagues Of fertile soil which
stretch away from the confines OF the States to the western
ocean
II insisted with much earnestness by distinguished
senator from Delaware Mr. CLAYr0s that this s par
tal that IL ID class legislation that Al uen an-
farmers and that therefore, 10 order p S4uAs
your bounty you should grant money 70 those no aAot
use and Bat tried by the test may safely oe aia nat
never has law of beneficial character obtained PAee
upon yoar statntbook but shat the interests or wcn =
provided have been partial aud limited y Els = Whe
objecton lei nle ask more does Z net le ast a.
strongly against the preempron system Does y not -
khf 3