Nashville union and American. [volume] (Nashville, Tenn.) 1853-1862, 1855-01-25

III b''t atsIttb M Autth'' ~ 'NS'N.N
there wire not there Il { ,G-y OF Tie e.ecilon-
Butihfy Nd! be there ia the spring, and viii have
right TO vote; they i'll not however, HE 40"
hIunists return 80 som tdry vote bnt VIII re-
lhaln, ard continue to yor. Missom lan* have be-
svsd that wilh1nt the Douglas bin and certain
y under the great principle 1T cognzed hy tat o'l
they had the night 10 move to AaHsaS, ana tilef@ ~
exercise The privileges, which, as reemen, they hau
before been accustomed 10 exercise.
Atoliiionsis have prOcia med that Their purpose
is not only to exclude SHAREHOLDERS from Aansa7
but TO use Kansas as means for abolishlng slave
" in Missouri; then, with these for their levers 10
abolish it in Arkansas ard Texas were they 10
succeed il needs no prophet to ioietei ihe SPECIFY
dissolution Of the Uuon. Missourians have thus
felt that ia their efforts to defeat the designs OIL the
Aboiuonists, they were not only defending their
own homes. but the Union itself To protect their
homes, they have made their homes in Kansas Il,
then il is intended by the charge to say that those
who once lived in Missouri carried the election IN
Kansas, there is some foundation for the charge.
While the people of Missouri are not "lawless in
vaders, many have moved into Kans mainly in-
duced by the determination TO adopt all lawful
means 10 protect themselves from the invasion OF
Aboltlonists. Others are ready and determined,
If necessary, to abandon their homes and move at
whatever cost of comfort or money. We have
deeper interest at stake and not less sef-sacr-
hcing than the AbolitiOnists In justice to the
people of Missouri will say (from an experience,
as lawyer of seventeen years, during ten OF winch
! was prosecuting Attorney they are as oraerly,
as moral submissive to law as the people Oh any
State in the Union. At the same time, composed
as they are Of the most enterprsing, energetic, II
not intellectual, of the Old States they are as de-
terEnned of purpose and as likely to effect their
purpose as any people in the world. When, then,
say to you that to them this not as 1t is to Ao-
oil tionists and even to our southern friends at
distance question of theory or conscience, but
matter of home of bread, that they have de:ermin-
ed to submit to any sacrifice, which they can as
good citizens make, rather than suffer the Adolf
tionsts to force upon the people OF Kansas system
they DO not approve you will readily see that it Is
not in the power OF Emigration Societies to effect
their purpose There is now in the Territory
majority of more than four to one in favor OF max
ing Kansas slavehoding State; that majority
will if emigration be left to ITSELF be increased; if
emigration is to be forced again, it will be found
that Missouri is nearer TO Kansas than Bostonl
believe l may assume that the spectators,
who so freely advanced their money for the pur-
pose Of colonizing Kansas with Abolitionists under
pretence of desire to make it Stree territory but
really to smass fortunes by laying out towns with
the hirelings sent out by them, have found their
speculation so fiat failure, that they will permit
Kansas TO be settled in the natural way.
Ifthus settled it must become a slaveholding
State.
1t is not adapted to the making Of towns it is not
suited for little FARMS it not be settled by those
who have not the command of labor.
To the farmer who has no ''help." but il Deepen
dent on his own unaided labor, Kansas is, Of all,
the least desirable country it cannot be settled by
such.
In the timber the poor man can, with his axe,
erect his cabin, make his rails on the line of his
fence, with his own hands enclose his land; belt
his trees, and with his one horse plough break his
ground and put it In cultivation. But in Kansas
there is no such land for caltrdtiOni Every foot
OF timber is needed for fuel and fencing. The tim
Der is confined to the banks of the streams, on the
| bottoms and the breaks of hills; hence, timbered
land is less fitted for cultivation, while, on account
Of its scarcity it is far too Uauabe for that purpose
Farms asssst be made in tie prairie. The farmer
must have a team to haul his rails, and in most
cases they must be hauled so far TO render fenc-
! ing too costly for little fields Large fields alone,
by reducing the proportion Of fencing, can render
| its cost reasonable. Dwellings must be framed,
Of brick or stone. But, perhaps, the greatest of
all the difficulties in the way OF the poor man, is
| the first cost of breaking prairie To do this re-
| qures two hands and at least six yoke Of oxen
II bred it will cost at least three dollars per acre.
but it cannot be hired in Kansas for years; there
| every man will have his own land to break each
! settler must, hence, have his own team, his own
plOughmen. In no instance las prairie land been
! first settled by poor men. After country is set
tied and every facility afforded it is just possible
for here and there to make farm in the prairie
! 10 Missouri, such instances even yet are rare. In
northern Illinois, with all its facilities its rich
! praiyie3 lay virtually waste until railroads were
made through them
Such are some Of the difficulties which have driV-
! en- those sent out by the Emigrant Aid Societies
| back TO the towns Of the East; which have COM
} Ill Al J
noHe-slaVeholding States TO return. Ofthose from
non sIaveholding States who remain, the substan-
! tial men of means and intelligence large pro-
portion so soon as they enable to slavery
it really exists freed from their prejudices and
! from sheer necessity become Shareholders, for no
| other labor can be had. While, then prairie is so
unsuited to the poor man, on the other hand to
! the man who can command labor, who has one or
more slaves, 1t presents many and great induce
! ments.
The outlay, it is true, demands some actual cap
itaL The house must be built by a workman
must be paid for-yet is not TO be supposed that
the cost is very heavy. At first the settlers must
be content with small housewife only the neces-
,aTy rooms A framed house will hence cost but
little. The unlimited supply of the best building
stone, the blue and grey limestone, will render
stone houses as cheap as framed. The lime can be
| burned on the ground
as nave Sdlt lilc ltdlcSL OlliICully IS III the
command Of the requisite labor-the hands and
team necessary to break and enclose the land. To
one VINO has this it is far easier and cheaper to
make farm Of one hundred acres or more, in the
prairie than in the timber. Indeed, in Missouri it
is deemed better and cheaper in the end to make
farm Of 800 acres in the prairie and 10 haul the
rails ten miles than TO clear timbered land
The plough used will turn over from 20 to 2G
inches, and one team will break from two TO two
and half acres per day. The cattle require no
other feed, but will keep fat on the grass while at
work. The proper season for breaking prairie is
from the first Of May to the middle of July; up to
which time corn can be planted. The corn is drop
ped in the furrow 10y boy who can sit on the
plough and IS covered by the plough. 1t will
usually mature and make good corn if planted as
early as the lst Of June. That planted later will
maze good stock feed.
Prairie may be broken as late as the middle of
August, and will, if sown, yield wheat crop
equal to any that can be afterwards grown on the
ground
To one who has stock to feed, the crop of corn
on the sod is always worth the cost Of breaking;
and will, il a good season, pay for breaking and
enclosing.
In the second year, the farm is in perfect condi-
ton! There are no stumps, but the sod Is rotted
and your field clear Of weeds and grass is light and
mellow as an ask bank In the prairie. too, a
hand can cultivate one-third more land than in the
timber.