Demoine courier., 1855-12-06

-identtIrd with the cultivation OF tie
soil-;heIr private means invested in
lands, add expecting their children To
continue N lffs same connection, our
government would long stnce have es-
lablished AN agricultural Department
with an importance equal TO that of the
Department Of War, or Of the Navy
The people would have had The sGvant.
ayes Of extensive importations Of .he
most improved breeds Of cattle end hors
es, and other domestic animals, and the
imporlations Al the endless varieties 81
grain, ,ha, are cultivated IN other por-
lions Of the world. We would have had
model Farms, and agricultural schools.
as well as military and naval schools;
and eserytbi that could promote the
prosperity of the country would have
the place of those measures which now
operate so disasrously 10 III sgricullu-
raj interests.
In what ! may cay in this connection,
| disclaim all political motives, or being
influenced by parlizan prejudice. h
matters not now, whether | am the friend
or opponent OF the principle Of Proiec
lion to American industry, for | lay
Gown the broad principle, that i pro,ec
tor is right for one interest il is 70, an
other. In other words, if j, Is right TO
protect The manufacturer it is right TO
proiec, the agricuIiur.st. VIII noi this
proposition be a.sented +, BY everv one
present. think it will, Connecting
tina, this question Of adjusting the tariff
Of duties upon all articles imported into
our county, from foreign ports is ditfi
culi-ye, upon general principles there
can be no difference Of opinion as to the
business of equa. protection or freedom
TO all interests. Ii this be true, why was
the celebrated Reciprocity Treaty Of The
late Congress adopted! By that treaty,
all lhs agricultural products Of Canada
are adnhted to our por;s free Of duty.
coming i dfscct competition with the
farmers of all The north western States.
When the farmer from Iowa sends his
whea. to the eastern market. he will Ind
the agent Of the Canada arnncr there
ready to compete with him. The nan
ufac,urel OF New England holds on TO
his protection, and YET goes tito Csnada
market TO buy The produce which sps-
taiRs his laoorers. free Of duty. Have
you marked the slight difference between
The price of flour in New York and Boss
ton, aud the western lake towns! l,
scarcely defrays the expense OF trans
porra,ion. / admi, the construction Of
railroads he's had much 20 do with this
equalization Of prices, but the great rea-
son is that Canada whea, IN in free
Of duty. Railroads TO some extent. c
qualities Tie price Of sugar, bu, take off
the duty now paid IN sugar AMI lie, the
West India Islands come in competition
with our southern friends, and what will
DE the price in New Orleans. The off
ference viii at least be equal TO The a.
noun: OF duty paid. This Reciprocity
treaty inc!ndes almost every article Of
northern agricultural product, and comes
in direc, competition with the products
Of The farmers Of Iowa. Illinois. Indians
and Ohio. | again disc!aim the in,en-
lion CT holding any political party re,
sronsible for he passage Of this Reel
procity Treaty; Tor during its pendency
N Congress there was mol a wing or
democrat raised bis voice in defence OF
the agricultural interests which we're
sacrificed by il.
Thus in addition TO our government,
having failed to perform its duty TO the
greaf agricultural interests of the coun-
Try, i. has added injury to neglect
Thi. brings me to another branch OF
Ibis subject, and that is the remedy sr
hese evils. l, can ONLY be done IN one
way, and ,ha, lie by the farmers giving
their attention to the policy Of the Gov
eminent. Send members Of Congress
to Washington who feel the importance
Of your nieres;-men tina, feel agricu.-
ture 10 be the basis Of all pernanen,
prosperity in this or any Other country
The grea, and paramount interests oil
man. Our people are essentially an
agricultural people. By the census OF
1850 i. will be seen hat there are abont
4 persons engaged in agriculture 10 one
in all other kinds Of business combined.
Ii is The prouies, feature OF which our
country can boast. i. is the bulwaIk
of our free institutions. while il is the
source of our great and accommodating
wealth. The man who ills the soil
who forces from earth and air their pow
ers Of vege,a,iou and prediction, adds
substantial wealth to the nation. lie
furnishes the neans OF subsistence, 10
his own happy household. and 10 all
who are engaged in the other depart
men, Of life.
The miner produces from the earth
untold treasures; but the farmer alone
furnishes the means by which ne prose-
cutes his labors. The manufacturer Is
essential 10 the business of the countr (;
hui the farmer furnishes him The raw ma
,erial Of Shich his fabrics are composed
the provisions which sustain the lives
of his wo-kmen. The merchant is in.
dispensable TO the prosperity Of the
country; but without the aic of the ag-
riculinrist his business would fail. The
mechanic is also necessary, Tor he faci;-
l,ates the operations Of the farmer by
the construction of improved implements
of husbandry. Exporters are essential
IN c,rrv Ia co.