New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1855-10-13

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nsUe. In one Of my excursions, folding one Of these
trees blown down, measured IT. II was s1 re, 10
dismetes At the butt and four fee. in diameter eighty
feet from the root Ths cypress tree ard sweei-sum
are found in swamps or bottom lands Both are ofte1
seen from four TO feet in diameter. The cypress 10
light sof. wood, and is often used for masicg canoes
Rosrds and shir giles are asO made from IL, and a.
il Easily wrought IS .IeqGsn! ;uos 81 hr ier
TIE swee.gum is vtry heavy and hard when seasoned
II the best wood 10 the country for kees ct vessels
raves Of wheels, or any purpose where iron nrmness
ard tepacity are required.
These loxland forests present beautiful appearance
when adorned with deep foliage AID enllvet ed with
the van. gated flowers OF Spring. Nut m inter, when
grow. thick and hangs from every branch gives them
somber and dresry aspect far IRON asfecaoe' lhis
moss is sometimes used for beds.
The reckless waste Of these valuable foress al tim
Der in the South is truly astonishing 10 ansee.
The pine and oak standing the banks OF their Iiv-
ers 70 ne ar that the Ak fell them inaad 50
near The bofs that the choppers CLOVIS an be heard
from the vessels-are girdled and destroyed for no
purpose but 10 LET the rays OF the IN upon the cot
ION and corr. And whole forests of piue are frequent
" dssroj ed TO obtain crop ofturpentine. GA the
bsDks Of the Alismahs within dozen miles OF the old
CIT, OF Dsrien, saw ali the pnes boxed for distance
of several miles The bark is all rske off up els h,
or ten feet from the ground, spiral grooves are then
cut round the tree and the ground deep notch
is cut INFO the tue, lowest on tho inside, next the
heart fuminy vessel i'll which 10 catch the turpei-
fire. This process destroys The lie of the tree. The
timber is al ased, the fires soon get In and ourn mp
ali IL growth snd lie SOIL aud the lands are left bar
rem and " orthless.
Tnber lands on the banks of ihst river and .s trib
utaries covered with large pine and oak fiom tweaty
TO ffty thousand feet 10 the scre, were in the market
when was there at dollar per acte. Make Geor-
Qia Free Staie and these lands would be worth from
1--WE twenty dollars per acre. aud woui not long re-
main unsolt.
! OF the agricultural productions OF the South 1t
| is unnecessary for me 10 give detailed accoun,
Tie preat STAPLE is well known to be cotton, whiJh
| is he !eacng article among the exports OF our
| county, Some account of the manner OF cutlvai log
this, as well as OTHER crops, will be found 10 aoother
chapter. Beside cotton, rice, sugar and tobacco are
produced in large quantities Corn, wheat rye, oats,
Leans barley and other grains common in the North
can te raised well in the South, aud cotton rice,
tobacco ana sugar, were NOT more proh,aoe ana es-
pecally if they We better adaped 10 slave labor,
cereal Iroc ucliops would aboutd in the South more
than ia the Nor b. Swe. potatoes are raed III geett
abundance in most of The Slave States. lac SOIL snd
climate are ALEC peculiarly favorable for rue ealtiVa
ton of sk which FRI labor would prod uce IN great
quaint les ana 10 great profit Ire cultivation OF ak
yas introduced into Vr nia early as 1909, AID ~
psmpi let published about that Time vas sai that
There are he oTms and plenty of mulbsue trets
wher,by Indies, ge1tewomen and htle Children
| beng eet III tie way 10 do 1t, may Oe ell inp'o-l
| with lkasure, Ina@ins silke comparaOie TO thA' el
| Persis, Tuk.y, or any other. But slavery vas
coon afterwerd introduced into Virgins, and iaiics
and eentlew men above labor and the ayes
being incapable OF cultiyang sik were set TO raising
| tobacco. In 1908 the cultivation OF SIX was CON-
menCed in South Carolina, but failed Tor TIE same rea-
son. Slaves could IHise lice more prohtaDy. ~ VAS
also int oduced into Georgia when 1t was hrss set,eu
| in 1893. Like al enterprises success was not
always Uniform. But considerable. Iantitles were
produced, aid being encouraged by ooInI.ss, pa
| fan 10 become pernsnent branch OF Industry. But
Slavery ntroC uced in 1749 aud the culture rice,
ard ierward Of co:toD gave 1t The death blow.
| COTTON.
| The cotton plant is annual ole, very yigcr-
ous and il exhauss the soil rapidly Ii requires less
moisture than CORD, and there ore suffers less NJ the
severe drouits Vi long, hot season. Inc seeds are
planted as early in the Spring as corn, as It requires
loi g time TO grow. The field Is formed iso otds oy
Che oube urror about three fee apart and the seed
sown Oh the top OF the bed few inches apart like ap
pie ds i'll the The cotton plant resembles
little apple trees of three OF four years growth, wnen
both aie seen in Winter denuted OF foliage. lac cap
sule or ball. which con aims the cotton is al inci Or
more in diameter a1d resembles, in color and consist
e &c, the puff remaining from decomposed apple or
When tie cotton capsulc is broken by the early
fross The cotton exp ands and unfolls Appearing at
little stsnce like the full blown white It's attach
nen, to The capsule, when fully mstared Is 50 seuder
dat it DO picked OFF easily tho leaves OF tue
just reaoy to tall. The plckers take Il III their
baskets 10 the gin house. This building always
minds the Yankee of the Old cider mill where the horse
ALI ed around the ground and the apples were put
| ito the hopper In the story above.
The cotton gin s very valuable machine, of Yal.
kee invention which cotton growers have expressed
lecular ~ atnude. Like most useful inycn IONS the
gin is very simple in its constrGc ion. As you look
ulon it, !. appens Ike cylinder made OF circular
saws. But X is a drum U. wood about three feet 10
lei 9Th the size Of tie bsss-drum used by bands of
music, eDciTced viii saws two fee, In diimeter The
faws one-iOurh of an inch apart, Ia horizontal
| position, with teeth all looking forward ike tre split
ling l. is made 10 reyolye Wi suite eat veloi
" by sDsleborse power. The cotton ID brought 10
contact with this drum OF saws by tho receiver which
has side covered with strong parallel wires. The
saws tear the cotton apsrt and draw II between tia
wires which too hear togt er ~ admit the seeds,
and they fall the ground. The cotton Is swept from
the saws by revolving brush, and is then really to be
| baled for The market.
The volatile oil and AMMONIA OF the seed render it
| valuable maLufe. After fermentation in tle heap
has destroyed lie power 20 vegetae 1t is often used for
this purpose, being dropped In the hill with corn aud
seeds or other annual plants Cotton ID the most GER
tain end profitable production Of all dry, arabic lands
in lot climates Aud they plant the old fields as long
as they will yield two dollars worth to the acre.
| RICE.
The "rice fields " are principally reclaimed from
| lands lying the margins of rivers, ths
ocean. bikes Of Garth are thrcsn up around tbs
fields 10 prevent the TIDE waters from Overlooking
them. Toey tben planted with ice in drills about
oil foot apart The fresh wafer from the river above
lie then admitted through gates in tie okes until the
fed is entirely covered. The water prevents gfass
and weeds fom growing among the rice, while the
| rice will grow pDCer water. Alter The rice comes up
ard grows few inches, the water is drained off 10
afford opportunity 10 rel liant thin Oul, may be
necesssry. The field is then lowed agaia with fresh
water, which is ALLOW we'd to remain several weeks be-
fore the second draining, pOr 10 the matdriag vi the
| rice for the harvest.
The last draining OFF of the waters occur. IN toe hot
weather of August and September, which occasions so
much 6seafe and des,h the rice fields st that ses-
| ION. Tie vegetable utter which has been decom-