davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
AGRICULTURAL.
OUR RELATION TO THE FARMERS
SPRING WORK; PLOWs X FLOWING.

AS before remarked, all eyes are turned up
on the rural districts, as furnishing the only re-
liable remedy for the present commercial and
pecuniary endorsements.
From all tina, we can gather from different
parts of the country, we are fully satisfied that
intelligent farmers realize the extent TO which
the general prosperity of the community, in a
business point Of view, rests upon their efforts
and success, the coming season,
We publish the Farmer as an organ for the
farmers, almost exclusively, and seek to make
il a medium Recommendation between farmers,
and between the general" interests Of the coun-
try and agriculture. We feel the same anxiety
Ia the performance ofthis undertaking as does the
publisher ola Law or Medical Journal, in the Of.
fort to lay before his readers the latest appropr-
ate news, and all important principles, as devel-
oped IRON day TO day. If our efforts are SO d.
rected, as to add in some degree to the pleasures
Of the pursuit Of farming, and to excite to more
perfect modes of tillage, resulting in a more in
telligent and profitable system of husbandry,
then we will not have labored in vain.
The month Of April, ushered in by seasonal
bic weather, warns the farmer that the active
season for outdoor work has set in. Such farm
ers as have not provided themselves with good
plows, should Immediately set themselves about
1t.
The introduction Of improved plows, is rapid
" on the increase, and we have rarely known of
farmer being disappointed in his expectations,
where a choice has been made with reference to
his particular wants.
thus aienacions bottom soil or a soil large
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28

OBJEcT OF SUB-SoILNG AND USDERpRIsrSe.
Every person who has raised plants in pot,
knows that the water is put in at the bottom,
and is drawn up so as to moisten the earth at
the top. So it is with the earth. II there is
an underlayer Of clay, that prevents water from
descending into the earth, il must be drained,
and the sub-soil'clay turned up to the atmos-
phere, the water will be drawn up to the sur
face, prevent the access of oxygen, which is
necessary TO change the iron in the earth
from the injurious protoxide to the beneficial
peroxide-state-an in the summer drown, and
in the winter freeze out the roois.- Ohio Far.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28

ter, and while il rains, OF little after shower,
throw il up into the air and let il fall in fne
dust. A little will do
8. Never hoe deep lest you should disturb
the roots, they are very near the top Of the
ground.
0. Gather them as soon as the top Is fairly
wilted II you do not they will start to grow
again and burst. Some tell rs this kind Of
onions are tough and strong. But it should be
known that the reason Of that is, that they are
left in the ground after they are ripe. Garden
crs who have known them for 90 years, write
for seed and tell me they prefer this variety be-
cause they arc street, tender and Juicy.
T. When ripe gather and keep them, both
onions and seed, in dry place. Never leave
them on the damp cellar bottom II you have
planted them in season and as direct, you may
raise from GOO to 1000 bushels per AGREE. |
often had them over foot round.
8. Tho three great advantages over other va
reiies are these. The onions are earlier, so
that you can supply the market before other
people have them grown. Another is, thatyou
can hoe IA times as many in day as you can
Of those from the black seed. Al the first hoe
ing you have no weeds besides the blade or
spear is large and you can see the row. And
the other reason is. that you will never be
troubled with maggois. MoRoAS. Bristol,
N.-Coimfry Gentleman.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28

AmERicas HoRsts ron BaiTisH CAvALRT.
Durign the Canadian rebellion, the English
sent over TO those provinces a considerable body
of cavalry. Many of those horses died on the
voyage, and they were compelled to mount
their men by purchases in New York, Yer
mont, and New Hampshire, along the borders
of Canada. These animals saw in Montreal,
at that time, in exercise. They were of the
middling sized Morgan, with striking marks of
blood and Col. Shirley, of the 9Th Hussars,
informed me in 1912 that they were the best
cavalry horses for all work that he had ever
seen so good, he said, that they were not to
be sold when the regiment went home, but to
be taken to England for use.--Address of J.
Prescott Hall.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
TANNERY FOR SALE.

=
VNHE undersigned will sell at Auction on the
Il premises, on Tuesday, May LIST, 1885, at |
O'Clock 2. NJ, the TANNERY BUILDINGS and
appurtenanees Herewith connected, now owned
and occupied by him, situated in the iourishing
village Of Putney, Windham County, Vermont
SAID premises consist Of 4 large two story TAN
merry BUILDING nearly new, containing q watts,
to which is attached a DWELLING, BARK HousE,
a large Building for storing Wood, Lime, Hair and
other materials, convenient Water Privileges, &C.,
all in good working order aud repair and Of Ca
paeity sufficient for tanning one thousand Hides Of
Leather in year. ALso:-Will be sold at the same
time
From 200 TO 800 Sides, ia the varioos stages Of
From so to 10 Cords of Oak and HemIook
A Pulling Mil: /; a Bark Mill, and all The nee.
essary Tools and Fixtures used in Tanning.
N. d. Hemlock Bark may be purchased in the
vicinity in sufficient quantity from 1925 to s3.50
per cord.
The above premises afford one Of the most eligi-
BILE locations for enierprising wishing to en-
gage in the above business. The village of Putney
is one Of the most thriving villages in the State
situated directly on the Vermont Valley Railroad,
and easily accessible from any market.
The Terms Of sale made easy. A portion Of the
purchase money may remain on mortgage if de-
sired. W. NJ. SNOW.
Putney, VT, March, 1855. 5wlO
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
UNITED STATES BOUNTY LAND AGENCY
Press Forward Your Claims!

A RMY AND NAVY OFFICERS, SOLDIERS
"a both Regulars and Volunteers, Sailors, Marines
Flolia-Men, Musicians, Wagon Masters, Teamsiers'
Indians and all persons WIN may have served fourteen
days m any Of the Wars Of the United States since the
year 1890 The laws Of 1856 gives each of Won. who
have not heretofore received Warrant for Land One
Hundred and Sixty Aeres! Aud TO all who have re-
eeived Bounty Land, enough more 10 make One Hun.
bred and Sixty Acres!i
In the Of the death Of the person 10 Land
his Widow, or if no Widow, the minor Child or Chill
dfen, are entitled to the Bounty.
We are prepared 10 promptly prosecute all eiaims for
Land and will slpEiy Justices Of Peaee Cofg CIeSks
ConiS,ssi0Hers Of Dees Nofaries Public Lapyers and
al others rifh The Hsesssdry Instructions and Blank
Jcrms Jre, efeosf application By ail or otherpise
When desired, We will sell the Warrant at the mar
ket price, and remit check for proceeds.
N. II. COBB a. CO..
y william Street, NesS-York.
Reierenees-Bank Of the Commonwealth. New YORK
6m9 Ohio Life & Trust Company, New-YoIk,
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28

A BiG HoRsR.--Wo saw a curiosity yester-
day in the shape Of horse, passing through
here on its way to Louisville, KY, IN charge
of the American Express Co. lie was a fine
powerful specimen Of the Norman draught-
horse, upwards of seventeen hands high-broad
backed, deep-chested, and sirong-limbed-and
looked as if he was capable Of doing the work
of four ordinary horses with ease. He is val
ued at three thousand dollars, aud comes of a
breed unequalled for strength and power Of en-
durauce He was imported by gentleman in
Louisville, expressly with view to the cross
ing of his Norman blood with that Of the fast
er BUT less powerful breed Of racers now SO
common in the Southwest, by which means he
hopes to combine the two qualities Of strength
and speed in an eminent degree. The express
agent here informs us that the order for the
purchase was sent GU, to France by express,
the European agents attending 10 the buying
and shipping for New York, where he was TAX
en- charge Of by the American Express CO.,
who will convey him to Louisville. An in
stance like this affords a striking example Of
the facilities furnished by the Express compa-
mics for the transaction Of business at a dis
lance. Here is a valuable horse purchased in
Normandy, and transported distance of moi
far from five thousand miles, by ship, steamboat
and railroad, and delivered to his owner in Ken
lucky, without the least risk or trouble to the
latter, the whole responsibility being assumed
by the company. The expense of transporta-
tion alone, by any other mode, would exceed
the original cost, while at the same time the
owner would run great risk of losing him
through the inatienton or Encouragement Of
those 10 whose care he was committed. We
can only wonder how we used to get along a
few years ago, before expresses were establish.
ed.-Srhnafady Star.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28

MANURE YoUR PorAToEs WITH PLASTER
AND AsHEs.-Wheiher a specific for the pota-
to rot will ever be discovered, is yet an un-
solved problem. One thing, however, is GER
tain. As the ashes of the potato show that al
kali enters largely into its composition, 10 make
it healthy, and insure good crops, ashes are
required. One part plaster, and two parts ash
es, put in the hin when planting, will well re-
pay the farmer Ohio Farmer.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28

SANDY SoILs.-Improye, permanently, your
sandy soils, by hauling on, and spreading as
much clay as will change their constitutional
texture, and give them that cohesibility, the
want of which is the radical cause of their I'M
productiveness. This labor may be performed
at intervals of leisure, and with almost equal
facility, at all seasons Of the year.-Ohio Far
mer.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
E. CARPENTER,
DEAlERIs
NEWSPAPERS, PERIODICALS.
Miscellaneous Books,

NG" fEhhODlCALS.
Miscellaneous Books,
FANCY ARTICLES, ISKs, PrSs, PAPEn, ENVELOPES,
&C., &C.
SUBSCRIPTIONS received for the principal
~ Newspapers and Magazines In the United States
Books and Music obtained order on shon notice op-
posiie The American House, Draiileboro.
Newspapers;
New.York Times, New York Tribune,
New-York Herald, Boston Journal,
Springfield Republican Balon's Pictorial,
aud al ibe principal weeklies Of New-York and New
England for sale by the year, month single number
Magazines
Putnam's Monthly, Harpers Magazine,
Knickerboeker, Hunts Merchants Magazine,
Graham's, Godey's, Pelersons aud Ballou's do,
on hand issued by the publishers. Any 9th
Monihles Quauefes and Serials Of every descrip-
ton ordered at shon notice. Those subscribing for any
OF the above 10 undersigned will receive their Maga-
zines, Il in this village, free Of postage.
New Books:
Ida May; Ruth Hall, by Fanny Fem;
The Newshoy;
Fashion and Famine BY Mrs Stephens;
Martin Mernvale His X Mark &c, &c.
Toys i...TOys!i
The subscriber has just received new and large as
soriment Of Toys, suitable for the amusement OF chill
dren OF all ages.
miscellaneous;
The undersigned keeps constantly hand and for
sale III SORTS 81 Stationery including
Writing, Bill, Note and Blotling Paper;
Envelopes, Pens, Pencils, Memorandum,
Ink, Waters, &c. Also:
Diaries for 1855, Port Monies,
Pocket knives, &C., &c. L. J. CARPENTER
Braueboro, Feb. | 1855.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
SPRING TRADE FOR 1855,
James G. Hovey & Co.
Importers and Wholesale Dealers in
EUROPEAN FANCY GOODS.
BowpoIs BLOCK.


n Milk Street, BOSTON.
Just received per last Steamers
CASES FANS, Of Lawn, Spanish, Wood Stick.
Mourning, Bridal, Silvered, Sandal Wood,
Bone Stick and extension Fans; comprising
selected assortment from all Of the NAN
UFACTURERS OF PARIS.
q CASES FRENCH RUBBER BALLS, of Plain and
Velvet, various sizes.
y HAIR BRUSHES, Of French, English and
German manufacture.
TOOTH BRUSHES, of French and English
new patterns.
TWINE BAGS. white and colored
2 GERMAN CHECKED LEATHER BAGS,
in nests Of various patterns.
LEATHER RETICULES, of French and
German.
JET BRACELETS, Genuine article.
3 ENGLISH SCISSORS, Rogers, Luz, Cous-
ms and Badgers.
Also on hand, general assortment Of COMBS
and STAPLE GOODS particularly adapted to the
Spring and Summer sales.
Orders per mail promptly attended to and sam
piles sent if requested.
March ~, 1866. 6w9
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
FOR SALE.

A DWELLING HOUSE, BARN, BISHOP with
"a about acres Of land, pleasantly situated near
Dummerston centre. The above is one of the best
stands for SHOE MAKER as there is none in town.
Inquire Of the subscriber. LARKIN GIBBS.
Dummerston, March 20, 1866.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28

Shallow blowing operates to improverish the
soil, while il decreases production. Deep plow-
ing greatly improves the productive powers Of
every variety Of soil that is not wet.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
HOUSE PAINTINc

N all its branches and of every variety. GLAZ-
l. ING, PAPERHANGING & WHITEWAsHING
done to order and in good style, at short notice. and
reasonable terms by the undersigned at his shop,
opposite the American House, up stairs.
f. ATWOOD.
BrattlsbOro, March 9Th, 1866.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
POETRY.
MAuD MULLER.

John q. Whittier Is one Of the Poets, as the col
aims ~ tho National Era. whereof he has Ion,
been corresponding Editor, abundantly Attest
Here ,s b,a last contribution to that valuable pa
Der.
-,
Raked the meadow sweet with hay.
tam
or simple beauty and rustic health,
=.
The mock bird echoed from his tree.
h., -
White from its hill-slope looking down,
m, -. -,
Aud a namelcs. lonaing dlled her breast
,,
For something better than she had known.
haL .,..,.. 49,, ,L., ..
Smoothing his horses chestnut name.
II. H., ~. h.;,u. l., a,osha5o
OF the apple tree, to greet the maid,
-, a.. .u;.,,, ,t,., 49,,
Through the meadow, across the road
sho s,noro, uhere tho cool s,rin0 bubble,lun
And filled for him her small cup,
A,h,.,.h., =. .lo o.a /, 1,oI;o, doun
On her feet SO bare and tattered gown.
.,r,,.,..r, ..,i A.. 1,,,u. &c. s,-o.,or d.,,o,,
From faircr hand was never quafed.'
Ia s,0i.o % ,,,o o-.,ss o0a oo,rors mn, ,roos
OF the singing birds and the humming bees;
Than .o,,o5 90 ,ho AM, ,vo,dorod ,rbo,bc,
The cloud in the west would bring foul weather
And Moud e,rgoi nor hr;er-torn cown.
And her graceful ankles bare and brown,
And listened vhile n nleased surpr;se
Looked from her long-lashed s1kened eyes,
Al last ike one who for DELAY
Seeks vain excuse, he rode away.
Maud Muller looked and sighed "Ah mel
That the Judges bride might bel
"He would dress me IN in silks 80 fine.
And praise and toast nue. at his wine
"NIy father should wear A broadcloth coat:
My brother should sail painted boat.
I'd dress nv mother 90 grand and cav.
And the baby should have new toy each day.
ssAnd ii feed the hungry and olo,he tho noor.
And all should bless me who left our door."
The Judge looked back rs he climbed the hill.
And saw Maud Muller standing STILL
"a form more fair n face more sweet.
Meier hath it been my lot to meet.
"And her modest answer and cr,cefu, mir
Show her wise and good, as she is fair.
"Would she were m;ne. and ,o-dov
Like her, harvester of hay.
,sNo doubtful balance Of rights and vronos
Nor weary lawyers with endless tongues,
ssBut low of cattle and SONGS of birds
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
BEN K. CHA Sc.

ID ESPECTFULLY CALLS THE ATTENTION
IA Of the good citizens Of BRATTLEBORO and
vicinity to his stock Of
WATCHES, JEwELRY,
SILVER AND FANCY GOODS,
At the Store formerly occupied by BRAcKErr, oppo-
site the Revere House.
Our SILVER Is made by the leading manufacture
ers IN the United States and for quality cannot be
excelied.: FINE GOODS not usually kept ex-
eept IN the large cities will be ordered for selection
II wanted, as we have made favorable arrangements
for 50 doing with our acquaintances In the Import
ing and Jobbing trade. To WATCH REPAIR
ING personal attention will be given.
The STANDARD TINE for Brattleboro always kept
as we have made arrangements for getting II on
scientific principles.
share Of patronage respectfully solicited.
Brattleboro, Feb. 9Th, 1855 2
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
DIR. SWIMMERS BITTERs.

DIR. SWIMMERS BITTERS.
nR SKINNER is In the field doing wonders
II All Of DIR. SINNERS friends will welcome him
into the field Of cures after experience Of six
teen years, he has now brought out his great com
pound and offers il tV the public, called "DR. SKIN
xER's Recupcratiye Sherry Wine Vegetable Bit
ters;' and, reader, IL you are troubled with the
Liver Complaint, Jaundiee, Indigestion Dyspepsia,
Loss Of Appetite, Headache, Nervousness, Piles,
Costivencss and General Debility; and IL you wish
your system clear Of bile humors, your blood pure
and healthy and and grow fat look WELL feel well.
appear well, and do well, get bottle Of Dr. Skin
ner's Bitters; it will cost you only y cents, and
the effect will be much like magic, that you begin
to believe that it is "Know Nothing" medicine
~ For sale in BrattlebOro by
JOSEPH CLARK,
wILLISTON, TYLER & CO.,
J. W. HOLrON & CO.,
S. X. STODDARD,
and by all medicine dealers throughout the State
Feb, 1855. 3m5
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
VERMONT VALLEY RAILROAD NOTICE.
VERMONT AND MASSACHUSETTS RAILROAD.

.0N and after MONDAY, APRiL I'd, Trains will
~ run rs follows, viz;
/. Upward Leave Boston at II A. NJ Fiiehburg
al 100 p. NJ.
Downward-Leave Brat,leboTo at 825 A. NJ. ;
Greenfield, al 800 A. NJ
passenger will run in connection with freight
train, leaving Filchburg at Gas A. NJ. and returning
leave Greenfield for Filchburg at l2M
The II A. NJ. train for Boston, connects with The
Connection, River Rail Road al Greenfield for Deer.
field, Hatfield, Northampton, Hoiyoke. Chicopee and
Springfield, and with The night train to NJ Y. every day
The downward A. NJ. train from Bratieboro. and ne
II NJ train from Boston, with the Ashuelot
Rail Road at South Vernon. Freight trains each wnr
daily. OTIS \. RUGGLFs Suni
Fitehburg, March 81, 1885.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
n n w IRoN on n.
GRASS SEED.

DERDs GRASS, Red Top, Southern, Western
u 4 Putncy, and White Clover Seed, all warrant
Cd prime For sale by
wILLIsTON, TYLER & co.
April IS. 4wl1
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
POTASH

TUST RECEIVED, and for sale by
y WILLIST0N, TYLER & co.
April 49, 4wll
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
PAINTS AND OILS.

DURE WHITE LEAD, White Zinc, Blind Green,
Il Raw and Boiled Oil, Japan, Coach and Fur
niturc varnish, Gold Leaf Bronze, Painters Brush
6 and Colors in great variety for sale at the low
est prices, Mt WILLTSTON, TYLER s. co.
April IL. OWL
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
WANTED.

A wooDTURNER. One we'll qualified can find
"A constant employment and good wages, by ap-
plying to s.. GATES & GOf
BrattlebOro, March 80, 1855. 0
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
TEAS! TEAsll

LNROST 4 GO0DHUE have received the best
Il stock Of fresh Green 8 Black Teas ever offer
ed in this vicinity.
30 chests Young Hyson, by the chest or single h.
70 do, Oolong, Ninyong and Souchong do. do.
Extra Green and Black Teas, in 5lb, Glib, slb, and
l2lb boxes for sale at Boston prices.
They viii sell Teas lower than the same grade
can be purchased elsewhere. III
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
PAINTING.
MIS- g. LEONARD,

cat the old Stand Of W. L. BEnIs,)
A RE prepared to carry on the business Of Paint
N. ing, in all It's branches. They keep In their
employ experienced wOrkmcn, 50 that on short no
tice. they can execute promptly all orders for
House, Sign and Ornamental PAINTING,
GRAINING AND VANISHING.
In the way Of LETTERING and GRlISISo, to imi-
tate Mahogany. Maple and all kinds Of WOOD, they
cannot be excelled by any Painters in the country
Orders for Sign and House Painting, from other
towns punctualy and promptly attended TO, and
they will be able at all TINES to do any work in
their line Of business in other neighborng towns.
They also keep constantly on hand all kinds Of
PAINTS, OILS 4 vARNrsHEs,
for sale, wholesale and retail, ready mixed for use
or otherwise. BEMIB 4 LEONARD.
Brattleboro, Jan. II, 1866, 2
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28

AUCTION SALE
Or FRUIT TREES-lscLupIEe APPLE. PEAR.
PEACH, CHERRY AsD PLUM TREES,
From the " Shaker Nurseries," Harvard, Mass
TNHE Trees offered are large and vigorous, and
Il those who are interested in fruit growing will
find II for their advantage TO examine the catalogues
in the hands Of the Auctoneer, before purchasing
elsewhere These catalogues embrace q varieties Of
Apples, 10 Of Pears, IA Of Cherries, 10 Of Peaches
and of Plums; 4varieties of Grape Vines. Thin
BILE Berries. Gooseberries and Currants
The above trees and Vines will be sold at Auction
in front of the CENTRAL HOUSE, Thursdau.
May Sd, at 10 O'Clock q. NJ Catalogues NAV he
obtained on application to the Auctioneer.
Z. MYRICK, AoKsr.
n MILLER, AUcrosKER.
Bratteboro, Mach 3Oth, 1866. 5w9
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
COMMISSIONERS NOTICE.

WTE the subscribers, being appointed by the
w Hon. the Probate Court for the District Of
Marlboro, Commissioners, to receive, examine and
adjust all claims and demands Of all persons against
the Estate of JONATHAN BARNARD, late Of
Wilmington in said District, and also all claims
and demands in offset thereto, and six months from
the 18th day of March, A. d. 1866, being allowed
by said Court for that purpose do hereby give no.
tice that will attend to the business Of our said
appointment at the dwelling house Of FRAkKLIS
BARNARD, in said Wilmington, on the first Mon
days of June and September next from one till four
O'Clock p. NJ, on each Of said days
ELlEL CROSBY, )con,u,;..,
H0RAcEsTRARNs, commissioners
Wilmington, April 9th, 1855. IL
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-04-28
REVERE HOUSE,

EF Carriages in readiness on arrival Of the trains
Good Horses and carriages ran be had by applying
al the office