Eastern times. [volume] (Bath, Me.) 1846-1857, 1855-08-16

SIOuuu Occupieu Oy eacn, SO tnat Dy clOSlng
the first and second to the front, and moving
up the two rear companies, while the remain
der wheel Outward by sections, a square, four
deep, is formed.
An Open Column is when the companies Of
regiment are placed behind each other with
intervening spaces, sufficient to allow each
company to wheel on its flank or pivot, and
thus form into line, SC.
An Echelon Movement is term applied to-
an oblique line of march, which movement is
accomplished by wheeling the companies a
given number of PAGES, before marching, ac-
cording to the degree of obliquity required.
Guns-a term generally applied 10 field ar
tillery, which mostly consists of six, nine, and
twelve Founders, with few howitzers, which
latter are something betweeR mortar and a
gun-half brother TO the former and cousin
german TO the latter. The howitzer can
throw spherical case shot, small shells, &c.
Shells are hollow cast-iron globes, filled
with gunpowder, &c., in which fuse is in
serted, so that when it burns down to the pow
der an explosion takes place, and the shell
bursts, scattering the shattered fragments in
every direction.
Guns of Position are larger than field guns,
and are mostly used in places where an ene-
my occupies defensive position. Being
more cumbersome than field guns, they cannot
be moved with the same celerity as the small
er cannon, and are therefore not so generally
used.
Siege Guns are OF heavier metal and larger
calibre than either field guns or guns of posi-
tion, and consequently throw larger projec-
tiles. A Field Battery generally consists
of six guns with ammunition wagons, and the
requisite number of horse to draw them, and
the proper number of officers and men TO work
them.
A Wing of regiment implies one-half :
thus every regiment has right and left wing.
The same term may be applied also to an ar
my.
Outlaying Picquet, or Picket, is small
body of men, commanded by an officer. Its
place is in front of an army, TO prevent sur
prise. Picquets are constantly on the alert,
and sleep not. This duty generally com-
mences at sunset, and terminates after full
daylight.
lnlaying Picquet is a similar force, which
remains in the camp, readily accoutred to turn
out on the slightest alarm.
A Covering Party generally consists of an
officer and forty or fifty men, who take up a
position in front of the principal trenches, and
protect the workmen employed therein from
molesiation.
Trenches are long narrow excavations, some
feet in depth, the earth from which is thrown
up towards the enemy, SO as to afford shelter
to the troops who guard them during the
night against surprise, &c. Duty in the
trenches is always unpleasant, and in cold
weather particularly SO, as the men have to
remain quiet, or they would bring heavy fire
on them, and thus increase the danger to
which, in trench duty, they are more or less
exposed.
Although trench and picquet duties are the
most arduous that fall 10 the lot of a soldier,
yet, in the British army, the officers and men
so employed, even for months, seldom obtain
credit ,or promotion for their service. But
the French act very differently to their troops
when engaged in such dangerous and fatigu-
ing duties, for we generally hear that General
II IL
the Legion Of Honor, many brave men for
their gallant conduct in the trenches.
Gabions are baskets OF a cylindrical form
filled with earth, and which are placed oppo-
site the enemy's batteries as a protection to
the men when they first break ground, and
commence to entrench themselves
The term Fortress is applied to fortified
place on an extensive scale, that of Fort to a
smaller fortifcation.
A Bastion has two or more faces of such a
form that, when several of them are Joined to-
gether, complete pentagon is the result. 1t
is called the system of reciprocal defence, as
one projecting bas;ion in the pentagon defends
another. A ditch, either wet or dry, adds to
the difficulty of approach.
Lunetts are small works usually raised in
front of sally-ports, &C., and when filled with
men, are capable of offering considerable re-
sistance.
A Redan is triangular work, generally
constructed in front of a more extensive forti-
fcation, which it partially protects, and rem