The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1855-06-17

because u inc newspapers arc NOS OF very rooeat
Of letters which they are calculated to give rss 70
arc uselsss. 0ftentines . single advertisement IN
Q London morning newspaper canses scores and
even bun dreds Of letters to pass through the post
papers and other printed matter passing through
the post in most Of tho principal countries In ths
world. In Austria. Prussia, 6axony, and Lubbock,
newspapers and other printed matter pass through
so per cent on the published price Of political
Bevspapers, and rs per cent on that OF non
political newspapers. In Bavaria for I'd. per or.
ON newspapers and other printed matter, which
must not, however, weigh moro than OF. In Bel.
GUM for onetenth Of penny for newspapers, and
Ia. per ten sheets for other printed mater. In
b szil for i'd for newspapers, and letter postage
for other printed matter. In Bremen newspapers
pass free, and other printed matter o. Id per ez.
in Brunswick newspapers pass through the postat
change Of 26 to 81 per cent the published price,
according 70 frequency Of publication, and other
printed matter for half letter postage. In Chill
foreign Newspapers and 3D. per 10. for 0shsr print
cd matter. In Denmark II 10 20 per cent on the
published price o. Danish newspapers, 10 per cent
On EDgsn ones, and one Kenny per sTS ounces tor
for newspapers and 3D. per sheet for other printed
matter. In Frankfort Is 70 so per cent on the pub
hshed price OF political newspapers, and letter
per az. OF newspapers. In Hanover rs to so psr
O mt on the published price OF newspapers. In
Naples 10. per 8 sheets ON newspapers aud other
printed matter. In Nav Granada newspapers go
fee; other printed matter is charged 2sper 10. In
Holland the charge 10 I'd. per sheet, and I'd. per
beet on other printed matter. In Oldenburg IL is
80 to rs per cent on the published price OF news
papers, and 3D. per o. for other printed mater. In
for other printed matter. In Portugal the charge Is
I'D. each TOR ne1spspere, and Id per OF. for otier
printed matter. In SaxdiAia it Il I'd for neHs-
papers aud ether printed matter Ia Spain Al per To-
Inv In rar ahaot TOR mai
papers. Is Switzerland I'D. per for Swisa news
papers; Cd. per or for foreign newspspers I'D. per
Tor other prfr ted matter not sent beyond thirty
miles, and Id. il beyond that distance. In the
printed matter, including books. In Wurtsmbsrg 1t
il so per cent ON the published prics Of pohd al
Dewsp apers, rs per cent on non political neWspa-
s na s Of any
weight and other stamped printed matter not
Weighing above three ounces 60 free, aud Cd. per
pound 10 charged for books. In 1862 the gross pos
tai revenue Of twentyDiDe Of the principal countries
in the world was upwards Of 10000 900, according
to the Post Office report Reckoning, therefore, the
p0stsge the letters as averaging Sd. each, this
won d give tatal Of 500 900 900 letters as having
passed through the post Offices 10 the above named
countries. Before railwsys were introdu ed, coach
pYopret0Es often carried mails for nothing and even
paid for the privilege Of carrying them, for the
mail bags were then light, and mal coaches
more passengers thsn Other coaches, on az
tuslity and safety. Some idea q tie revolution
caused by railways and low postage may be gath
ered from the fact mentioned In Lord Awnings re-
port that twelve years ago the c)ach propretors be-
tween Lancaster and Carlisle paid f200 year 30
the Post Office for the privilege Of carrying the
%s Twice day netpesn ssSss two places AID At
CON psries Ell 600 . year for performing the same
service. As education is dff0sed in this county,
the number Of letters written will be enormously
both 1irh and poor, for the. circumstances Of life
sepsiate families of every rank and condition. The
Post Office is thoroughly democratic institution,
for it delivers letters with the same attention at the
letter writing, that II can be INDUCED In by persons
of every rank In the scale of wealth in the country
There IL only one class who cannot indulge in it,
tie ureducated. To tens Of thousands Of adult
writing Of letter il an effort Of great difficulty
through defective education. When this Is no
longer the case, the postal revenue Of tie coustry
will greatly increase.
The R.fius Of Emigration from the United
States.
From the London News, May 30]
We ere told that the law of reaction Is of univer.
eel application, and tsas there is no cnrrent in the
sea whose uence il not to greater or less extent
counfefvsied by stream In the opposite direction.
Fmg atitn from the over crowded countries OF the
New SC emed least likely to furnish us with new
example Of the general theory. History has ind ed
recorced many instances where the void created by
latid and extensive migration has been rep!enist
ed by the overflow Of SONS other rae pressing for
ward in the same direction. But such phenomena
are mcst essentially unlike those which tall undsr
the description Of reaction, and in no serse be
classified Herewith. Reimnigration is new aud
curious illustration Of the mingled ebb and flow Of
labor xekirg employment 10 our time.
Everywhere gregarious industry is afoot, seeking
and striving SITTER more room for work and ready a
ort notice to cross half tho globe with wives and
little ones in quest Ct ten or fifteen per cent better
wages Other In dnences, social and POLITICAL have
in recent years stimulated vast numbers throu ghout
oil Western Europe 10 croes the ocean; but from no
quarter has there been such gush Of population a.
from Ireland. The marvellous magnitude Of the
continuous stream to America that set in after the
femme Of 1847, and continued without abatement
until 1862, Is familiar to every reader. In 1858 and
ard volume. But from the Southern and Western
districts It has nsver ceased to flow up to the pre-.
sent time. Strange, that already counter current
should now have steadily set In, and that many who
native shores have already rencunced the hope Of
meIdiDg their condition In the land Of promise and
bare returned to settle themselves once more en-
their native soil.
When first We heard indications Of this reaction
We sere naturally disposed to regard it but casu-
81 and superficial. In every crowd of migratory I'D.
" nturers there will always be found some who join
In the undertaking for no other reason than that
their associates and kindred have resove1 to do so,
but who are individually destitute Of those qualities
OF enterprise, perseverance, and self reliance on
which, in new and untred circumstances, their sue
cess must mainly depend. We own, therefore, that
We were inclined hastily to conclude that ii was
only the idle the ssless, aud the dresmers of uu-
realisable dreams who had become quickly disap-
pointed with the state OF things they found on TIE
other side of tie Atlantic, and who had In coass-
quenoe drifteo back again to the old land, where
they had never done well, to do as badly there as
before. Further inquiries, however, have led US to
form somewhat different estimate Of the extent
and character Of the re-immgntion that during the
last twelve months esr ecialy has been taking pisce
from the United States to lrelard and toe mat
ter 70 in every lespec. well deserving Of
thoughtful consideration. The uni,okd for re ac
i6n moy bsi,eve be mainly ascrbed to t,co causes
the over supply Of labor, both skilled and unskied,
rhich the surplus capital IF the States has been
,nsg6fcant % absorb; and secondly, the growing