The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1855-06-06
INTERIOR DEPARTMENT.

General Land Office Report q the Sureeyor General Of
Kansas and NbraskaWe make few extracts Of report
from the surveyor general of Kansas and Nebraska The
surveyor generals Office duly organized in October last
aud located temporarily with the of the department.
al Fort Leayenworth. He says:
corps of deputies has been selected but not organized
1t consists of between thirty five and forty large number
of selected deputies the groundthat is in Kan
and Nebraska most of them convenient to be not
fed when wanted and all Of them anxious to get to
work. They selected with care, and, believe, all Of
That there should be many inquiries and much anxiety
especially amongst the emgrants and those who desire to
egrae about the condition Of the surveys and the time
which considerable portion OF the Territories shall be
prepared for market necessarily be expected but
can appreciate the time and labor necessary to this
than the bead Of the Land Office Department. All
base line No party Of surveyors could have subssted
at any living rate the meridian and standard par
ael lines before the growth of grass this spring.
In reply the inquiry contained in the postscript to
your letter whether the lands that to be sold for the ben
eft Of indians be prepared for sale this fall may
saw that the Iowa lie 10 the divisions Immediately
north and south Of the base line in Kansas and Nebraska the
can be completed by the of November The Della
lands will lie in the division between the first and
ond parallels SOUTH and be surveyed by the Of De
cember next The weas &C.. viii lie between third and
fourth parallels SOUTH and be surveyed by the last of
yey the lands contiguous to these lands in connection
with them, and the above estimate of time is based upon
$50 soon as that time arrived two as good honest intel
gent and energetic be furnished in the Uni
ted States were put to work.
year selected and ready and anxious for the
work The first districts north and south of the base
lines will be ready to township in three weeks. The
who do the townshppng Of these districts ready
and on ground It viii be the middle Of August the
OF September before the subdyisiona surveys be
commenced By that time the divisions between the
parallels will all be completed and the work Of townshppng
and subdvidng will follow on regularly and energetica,
and without delay
Aqr,oultrat Dipision of the Patent OGce.-Grsen Ma
seeds another useful plant which has recently
been introduced by the Patent Office those Of the Spury
/c \ ,,, hcap
found most gnaly beneficial poor, dry sandy soils 1t
may either be in autumn the wheat stubbe af
ter early potatoes and poughed under in spring. preparatory
the annual crop be used to replace the naked
aow which hutul to lands of so light character
In the latter first sowing may take place in March,
the second in May and the third in july each crop being
ploughed in the depth of three four inches and the
seed then and narrowed. When the third crop is
ploughed in the land is ready for crop of winter grain
Green manurng the poughng under Of green crops in
their living state attracted the early attention of civilized
man. and been practsed less from the time Of
Xenopbon who about four hundred before the
commencement He recommended green plants to
be poughed the SOIL and that crops should be cul
vated for that purpose for these he says "enrch the
earth as much dung The upn is named excellent
by Of the early writers agriculture and is
at the present day in Span Italy, Tuscany, and
the south France for the purpose Of being poughed into
the soil.
The poughng under of green crops directly opposed to
burning peat turf in regard to intention and effect and
il particularly seviceabe where the basis of vegetable mould
is to be increased The soil manfred by them receives all
the vegetable food contained in the seed sown the quantity
of which in pea. and buckwhea very inconsidcrabe
Some plants employed for this purpose, peas turnps
clover &C. push their into the soil far below the
reach the ordinary plough and whatever nurment they
end there they up and bring 20 the surface in the form
green manure and administer il 70 the growth Of other
plants wheat, barley oats and rye the principle being
enrich the soil by setting quick growing plant to draw
organic the air and inorganic from the subso
and then poughing When the green crops turned
the soil, besides enrehng its staple with fcrtzng mat
ter they promote the fermentation and decomposition OF
woody fibre buried the surface which useless ncum
branoe in undecayod state far immediate effect
concerned In general they should be poughed under,
possible when in flower at the time when the flower
opening for this stage Of growth, they contain the larg
est quantity OF soluble matter.
For poor light, and sandy soils, these do well
and also for poor oays which, however much improved
BY having the sub soil burnt rather charred with peat
spent anbark dust apple pomace any other cheap
fuel And green vegetable matters ferment, sour,
when undergoing decomposition, the land should be lined
Just before or after ploughing under the plants
The vegetables grown for this purpose should possess the
following properties 10 order 70 be cultivated with economy
and the desired end st They should flourish