Monmouth weekly herald. [volume] (Freehold, N.J.) 1854-1860, 1855-01-31
PROF. COOKS REPORT.

Prof. Cook, the geologist of the SOUTH
ern section Of the State, makes long and
interesting report. The first part is oc-
cupied with a general description of the
geographical and geological features Of
the country. The general results are
stated above in the report of DR.. Kitchell
Prof. Cook says that in eastern Monmouth
the clays occupy the country between the
N. w. line of the county and the northern
sides of the hills, which extend from the
Nevesinks to Mt. Pleasant, and on to near
Englishtown. The Marls are found in
various parts Of the county, from the south
line oftbe clays to line drawn from the
Atlantic Ehore, near Great Pond, in Deal,
to the Manasquan river between upper
Upper a x Ifowcf Squanlum- Geufogf
cal descriptions Of the clay and mari are
given. There are three distinct beds
mari in the stratum; the 1stincludes those
found north of the north branchof Shrews.
bury river, Swimming river and Yellow
brook; also those on the.head waters OF
South river, north of Freehold. A I'd IN
cludes those near the head of the south
branch of Shrewsbury river, those near
Eatontown, those along the valley of
Hockhockson brook, above linton Falls,
those little south of Colts Neck VILLAGE,
south of Blue Ball; it also includes the
yellow marls south of Eatontown and
about Long Branch; The same bed is also
found near the tops of the hills south of
Red Bank and that south of the Phalanx
dwellings, and in some of tie highest
points Of tie Nevesink hills. The third.
bed includes the marls of Deal, PoplaF
Shark river, and Squankum.
A bed of yellow gerruginous sand lies
between the LIST and I'd beds of mari, and
a bed resembling beach sand between the
I'd and 3D. mari beds.
The mari beds are made I'D of distinet
layers, which vary in appearance and
In the LIST bed, 5 distinct Law
ers may be recognised. list, Of sand and
fine gravel, 2 to feet in thickness. I'd.
OF nearly pure mari grains, averaging
in thickness. Sd, Of blue or gray mari Of
from u to 16 it. in thickness. 4th. n
layer of black mari, like the I'd. 5th..
dark colored mari, 6 to 8 #. thick. pradu-
ally assuming at the bottom the character
OF the dark clay on which it lies. The
of this bed of mari is 20 tt
Descriptions Of the different layers and
remarks are given.
The layers of the second bed of mari
are, LIST of mari containing but few fossils.
I'd Of mari 10 or IL feet deep with nu-
meroaS shells; I'd of broken shells. with
more or.less sand itnerinixed called yell
low mari '4'' -
The Sd bed of mari has the following.
layers list twenty feet of green MARI:
I'd Is or 20 feet of a pale greenish CLAW
or earth; Sd from 5 to Is feet of the.
above clay largely mixed with mari grains.
The sands which form a strip along tbo
southern border of Monmouth county ioia.
the marls in very irregular line, ridges
81! the sand extending up almost to the
middle OF the county, while In the valleys
Of the streams, the mari comes to the sur.
face several miles farther south. They
have not yet been examined with sufficient
care for a report.
Descriptions Of the character of the
ground in which the mari is to be found
are then given, and when the beds are
traced across the state, the farmers where.
they Will be able to obtain the marls.-.
LOIS ~ 1T. square, as deep as the purchas-
er chooses to dig are now sold for from.
% to 81. An acre contains 43.26O sAuare
feet worth $2s175 to $3,045. Practical
directions relative to searching for mari.
are then given Knowing the directions
OF the bed to be about S. W. line may
be drawn from any pit, and boring made
where wished.
An analytical description Of the MARI
and their uses in agriculture occupy sew
eral pages in the report, and the poison
mari, which contains copperas, and des-
troys vegetation, is alluded to with direc<
tons as to the manner of counteracting its
effects. The report closes with acknowl--
Judgements to many gentlemen for accom-
mediation afforded.
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