The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1855-02-28

esvhg p the commerce OF neutral nations every facility
compatible with the state of hostility TO which they
csayoT 70 remain strangers Bat II Is not sufficient that
the begerent Parties be fully determined TO respect
constantly he rights OF neutrals they are bound also
TO .nctayor TO calm down in advance the dsquieuies
which commercial always promp. TO conceive
BY not allowing any doubt TO subast a. to the
which they intsrc applying that set OF regulations
On The duties Of neutras might appear sort Of infringe
n'ent on the sovereignty OF such nations desire to
preserve neutrality; while, the contrary Hponta
Itors declaration Of the principles TO which beligereu
| party promispg to conform, appears the most forua
OF other ratcns " Accordingly, the French Emperor
On The 2qh March 1864 issued hs declara lion respect
| ing Ltuilals. Identical with that which emana'ed
nom NJ Prtt govcE nment presented in the Queens
cecsEsti Gated the 18th March, 1854, at WindGor IN
Which it Is stated as follows
TO preserve the commerce Of neutals from all
shry ebsrnesio her Majesty willing for the present
Nations @ ri FOR r & and Si5
d ,s en n @ :, nSr ' - ng srs, f0sa
emmy tCpatcLe; and she must maintain tho risht o.
boea ve may e ssalsSed S With an sIeqSso eq es
ep viii 5sr h y na prpery tSi laden .aa
9h % toara neutral yest nnss. I be q war
on e1n 81 S0S rT.ryy not ssns sSIr,1Ga e wa found
that Icing osscn much 80 possible the evils
Sar ana e rcGtre s operations the regularly organized
1s letters o. araae q the eemmi.snigs Of rrystesr
hlnatn ana france are not such a., In my Judgment
ale acceptable 10 the American people They lay clam
to rghts as inherent the laws Of nations which
we dispute anu sake hncgn their course and policy in
lhe wtr that nov aeitates Europe asons for
the present WHEN those declarations reached the
only to the commercial district which have the honor
10 teptsent but 20 our national dignity that should
draw the attention OF this ouse TO the subiec by the
presentation q certain resolutions 1, the expectation
mat the ,nlis shtencd Committee Fore gn Relations
night examine the subject, mature such propositions
tor egsiatitn ia their judgment due 10 The great
interest we represent and the high resp visibility
have assumed. We had felt the blasting effects Of the
han and Berlin Gscrces and the British orders Ia
o. uIon CONNER duriug the that gre out OF
| the French revolution in 1893 Our sovereignty
! as nat on vas inirnged commerce inter.
! fortea our ftamen Imprisoned and every iudg-
! ntty Ftttftd upon under the municipal law
| OF England, wbleh she announced and enforced
in'efnuttnal law lhe lime - NV at hand and the
present juncture IN tho affairs OF the begernts OF
rope rerd'r necessary on our part for us TO declare
those pripeiplea touching our maritime rights neu
fal power and tmter OF the family Of nations Oar
statet or the past, who we're charged With the d.
rect on of pubic Affairs. have lett uncertain a
/ hguous record OF their policy From thu moment We
hrst established our nationality and independence
qui.ol the ona and absolute attributes OF DO
~ cal sovereignty, not only within our limits but
also upon the tich In the net by which erect
ea ourselves into an independent government claim
Cd rs one OF its high prsrogntis the right 10 estab
la commerce and 20 do all other things which indepen
dfnt states mas Il right TO-. The ionary or Con
tincn.l Congress which existed before the articles Of
confederation az he supF me and controlling power of
Inc Iepubhc under the sanction OF the American peo
sovereign power, that "the essential ard direst
eTd Of the Pe.ent defensive slian:e Is TO
martain ea.ctutlly the liberty, sovereignty,
aud inS cpt nttucs, absoute and unlIuited, Of ths
toitl sta'Fs. a. vel in matters OF government
of commerce IN he treaty OF amltY aud
With that natcn, concluded on the day, Il
pressly "pua'ei that free ships shall also give Gree
dom 10 go,s snd that everything shall be- deemed 10 he
free ana exempt which shah be souni board the hps
beor9rg 10 he subjects OF either Of the conedcrte
although the Whole loading q any part thereof shol
aprttDn 70 the mics OF either contrabani goods
Icing always .xceptcd. also agreed ia Ike
ncr ha' tc sane liberty be extended 10 prtons Who
rre on toatd !Iee sap with TIL. elect that atholyn
they e cfem. to both eitGer PARTY they are to
be taken cut that free slip unless they soldiers
and actual service Of The enemies" In another Rtti
Gle II stipulated that tie .hant ships or either
OF tbs patiss which -hG tc making into port bel 1ng
70 the Of The other ally and concerning
voyage and 'e species OF goods on board OF hcr there
sbo be just grounds Of suspicion, shall be obyeI 10
eshi'it, as vel 1poo the bign seas as in the ports
atd hayens not only her passports out hkewIse
eer'ihcates slowing that her goods are not Of
lie aumber Of those proGlbied a, con.
tahani Ard i was also agreed when once put on
board the ship vessel Of etter n the contracting
PARTIES that The, should be subject TO further vista
ifn Tho hrst French reyo'utiV7 bad bross forth ~
IT. ury and had repeatedly violated tbs faith IN which
thee treaties concluded leaving Con yresa alter
native but 10 declare them that actount a. released
ION TIER pfoyisions Yet, a part u reyllu.
;ouary ltcofd, they remain ~ tbOw the high ground
iitn tS.n ID connection with concerns SO deeply alice,
Ing the prosperity or people In the early history
o the republic, whtn we were fee9ls - nation, w.
Wfre compelled TO !ield 20 some x'ent to the iron rule
o hat nation that once held q tr9rGt OF tue
Tut the times have changed, aud We have sincs ex.
tended our own lmlts from ocean 10 ocean, irom the
great lakea u tbs North 20 the tropes. We have also
increased number from soma three or tour millions
70 population Of twenty Ave millions. nearly equal 70
lLltsd hllxuum q
Great britain and Ireland. From tonnage OF about
ml.Ds ana hall, in lsl2, when declared
ssan-t Great Britain, for Injuries upon our ma
mime rights, our commerce nov reaches q
tonnage wit.n fraction 0i Ave mlIiona, q1itc
equal to tho wtoe tonnage Of Great Britain
space has been ann.lnlated by thr power OF steam
ana the two continents brought nto such close
proximity by the interests OF tdde and commerce. that
remain Otherwise than seriously affected by
the which reyes n Europe. mat var has ii.
sweed he annual xpeDses ~ the empire 0t Rus
ia 10 tle enorrnous .rno o some two hundred nj
mil ~ NUa Ia an Ntta
lar .. hundred Lions Of dol!a, AM leaving
thl, sum as an annual deaci. England vita national
fse miuoIs Of dollar annually. !, engaged 10
Which aGas 70 her expenses annually from hundred
ana any 10 hundred and seventy Eve millions -
collars end iraEce, added with Immense burdens 70
suEfG her government, enters the field with weight
q Obligation oppIessivey ict by hef toiling milon'
No more ausp:ous per cd could ever ~ selected for the
goytrnnssbt Of the United states u declare ~ policy
reference TO our maritime anil commercial rights than At
this Juno Gro Vow the United states aim the rght %
navigate the Ugh without molcstntion account
Of tie ase which has been brought about ~ act of
thtiTs and pr inherent and lnalisnaba .ight that
telongs sovereignty, AMI not becausA 4 y
cetec by any treaty stipulaton rhsr laws and ability
comfeent 10 papih my of ctfyn. Tor engaging
IL hia quarrel Aidag or abetins any of the belye
rtLt. u their acton should embro IN difficulty
wfh ol er nations. IN acknowledging this Obligation aud
willing ness 10 adhere o the rrncple ~ uoainterter
tnee We n msnd and will nsls upon absoiute immu.
ry TO navigate tho high cssu the peaceful pursats or
ctmmsree and will submit 70 no claim 70 search, ysi,a
I'n ~ atenign LHcer apy color Or Wet-Et Whatever
The great principles Of public Law shicb fs.ts the
present. right have been asserted By the distinguished
patriots of he Revolution aud reiterated by sngh;
ered .tateman who have since presided tbs Eteeu
tive departments but blythe constitution oi tue Unit
ed states, the power 70 ceclars war IL isles
gated 10 the Congress Of the Cn,so states II i ior tbs
legislative cerhriment then, ~ thA national govern
roent 70 give Il tsI declaration IL time 10 the ,osm 81 pub
lit act They have right ~ cemsni hearing IN the
council u nations, ard 70 insist upon ihsF coctrne ~
= What i tbs law u ana right in hs respect
an4 to enfocs thst doctrine R nesd bs ~ a. The
which the nation command. There 4 Anoth- sab
ltet, Mr. SPEAKER hat naturally ass0catss itssE With
hfNm Ea "a a
tie roistlo We hold toV ara. ths bland u Cuba. Tie
efforts maze BY the Western Po with the Krec4ttie
81 THIS goyerBmsnt 10 odurs an Abregarcn u anJ
future seauirton ~ the tBiel STATES ste kno~n -
The woIa. Tbs poscy a. the bnltofs d thi. prss4mr
tous %. pAtt of irascs Ani Englnnf, ani