The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1855-03-05

than that arising under lawof the United States aos
what is proposed here is Innovations new thing
thing unknown in the laws Of the country since the
States came into federal Unien.
repeat sir that there ID no necessity for this act In
every case which is intended TO be reached by it, the
nuls the Judgment Of the State Cour. which has
authority; and the State ITSELF with all It's dignity and
PRIDE falls BUNDLED and abased at the foot Of central
and imperial power. ! habituany contemplate every
thing connected with the development the resources
this my country, with enthusiasm which am
DO not always find burning in the hearths Of all with
shudder when think that this DEVELOPMENT, this ex
tension, this aggrandizement and this mutation of
glory, are going on firmly steadily and crashngly at
the expense Of these noble independent States that the
majestic dome, while it spreads itself more widely and
eIects itself big her and higher pressing crunbng
af mens the pilars which constitute its and just
support Iy have had On this ,s..;o, :.
on pal nful occasions of this kind pathetic illusions
the safety of this Fe.era Union. And these ausions
have been addressed to me, although have hitherto
been content to be- silent listener TO this debate What
do you think must be the feelings of a map, himself
representative Of three millions, one-eghtb Of your
whole peopea representative of sixth OF all the
larger proportion Of the whole wealth of the county
representative of your WI ole concenra ed commerce
when he finds himself surrounded by who think
that community 80 numerous and 80 intelligent, AM
ENJOYING such wealth and cherishng such interests
20 i9E habitnay blinded by passion Is to be dsloya to
most forget my customary toleration when around
me men who know how the interests and affections Of
their own homes cluster and entwine them selves with
fibre of their own hearts, and who yet to for
get nat those interests and affections the offspring
Of humanity itself, and therefore 10 all men,
and suppose that it treason against the country
protest against the oppression of any of its many
and various and races.
warn you Senators, that you are saving this Union
at fearful cost This Ia q republican government-the
first and only that has been widely and
man in Christendom, who knows thing Of the phi
logophy of government knows that this republic has
saving the Union OF those States by sappng and
dermnng the columns which it refts. You reply to
all this that there is newly developed necessity Tor
this act OF federal aggrandzement There is no such
new necessity whstever. The courts Of the several
States have exercised their jurisdiction
officers and agents of the United States for period Of
hixty years. in cases which involved liberty proper.
the supreme tribunal Of the union and whie individual
rights have been and the public peace has been
everywhere preserved and the public safety has never
been agent apoogt Of the federal power appre
hensve for the public safety to propose the
when such proposition would have been received with
favor There have indeed been discontens, but they
have been local and Such dscontents are in
cdent to free society everywhere and they nevta
BILE here 1t through the working of such dscontents
that free communities acting by constitutional means,
and within restraints work out the refor
nation of errors the correction Of abuses and tbs ad
vancement of society. All that has happened /.
change OF the scene OF these discontents resulting
change in the geographical direction which the action
of the federal government takes the muir
murs Of d,scontent came from the South Nov, the
breeze which bears them sets in from the North When
the wind blew from Southern quarter, the rights Of
the citizen were not safe without the interposon Of
pose point Of the compass Senator from Connecticut
(Mr Toucey) requires Congress to prohibit that inter-
position and to arm the federal government with new
Mr. President all this trouble arises out Of the Fugi-
tive Slave law The transaction in which we engaged
ID by means the first act of a drama You began
here in l93 to extend into the free states, by the
ercise Of the federal power the war Of racesthe
Of the master against the slave. The Fugitive Slave
law which was then passed, became obsolee. Though
great Inconvenience sustained the pride Of thu
slaveholdpg pc wounded. In 1850 you passed
Fugitive Slave law and connected it with
designed to extend the territorial jurisdiction Of the
United States over new regions, without nhiSiting sa.
very You were told at that time as distinctly as you
are told tonight that your law could not be
ecuted and would become obsolete for the
that the old law had become obsolete that the failure
Of the old law had resulted not from it's want Of strn
gency, but from its too great stringency You were
law, with all rs terrors, would fail, because like the
old Law, and more than the old law, IL lacked the ee
sciences, the ympathies and the judgments Of FREQ
people.
protest that it act of Federal usurpation,
that 1t virtually suspended the writ of habeas corpus
that it enthusiastically denied trial by jury, and
slavery to be summary rendered, upon parte evil.
dence which the party accused was not allowed to re-
You adopted new and oppressive penalties, in answer
TO al these circumstances; and under threats and
alarms for the safety of the Union the Fugitive Slave
States, ard became . law. That the second act
When murmuIs and loud complaints arose, and
strances came in from every sde you resorted TO
old and much abused expedient. You brought all the
great political parties in the Uited states into cosu
ton and league to maintain this law and every word
and letter Of it, unim paired and to perpetuate IL for
ever All your other laws, although they might be
human liberty could be changed but this uucons
tutional law 80 derogatory from the rights Of human
nature, was singled out from among all the rest and
to be- like the laws Of the Modes and Persians .
decree forever.
Thi. was the third act. And where are you nowY 1t
passed You have poured treasure like water to Sc
cure its execution. The public police, the
vice, the army and the navy have been at your
enforcing it, And st tho Fugitive slaw not executed
and Ia becoming obsolete. You demand further and
more stringent law. The federal government must be
enforce the obnoxious statute The bill before sup
plies those new powers This is the fourth act 1t Is
easy to be seen thatit cannot be the final one.
these things. They will have their end before long in
complete discontinue. abide the time, and wait for
the event perform my duty, the Only duty which
OF this law and expressing you my conviction that
you are travelling altogether In the wrong direction. II
you wish to secure respect to the federal authorties-o
cultivate harmony between the States-to uni
vera peace and to create bonds of perpetual uuop
there is only one way before you Instead OF adding
new penalties, employing new les and inspiring
new terrors you must go back TO the point where your
mstak en- policy began and conform your federal laws
TO magma charts 70 the constitution 70 the rights OF
man.
Our Mexican Correspondence.
Mexico, Feb 10, 1856
Manifesto IF Santa AnnG-Remdrkaile Conparisous-