The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1855-11-10
ArroaSrr orSenAl's orrlor.


The United State. not respousJe either 10 CreMs % For
gers for fhe raskaess Of Public Officers Private Con-
osrnl The nations Of Europe and America while indie
pendent each Of the other in political Sovereignty yet
associated together in great commonwealth Of States BY
the of the religion Of Christ the intellectually
Of the Greeks and the Legislation Of the Romans modified BIZ
the different usages Of appertsning TO the Cc the
Germans, and the Slaroniana.
In their mutual intercourse, these nations recognise
less obey, certain rules Of right partly
partly conventional which ohge their csnscienee
control their actions in well in peace, and which
constitute the law Of nations.
g. This Law of nations subdvided great parts
one which Of the reciprocal duties and rights OF
on personed and their public relation nations
another which of the duties and rights Of each
in its relation 70 individuals Of another nation.
A. Each the nations of Europe and America has excu
jurisdiction within itself to pass laws and t. administer
them and employ aggregate force maintain obed-
ence local authority, administered primarily for the
good Of the members Of its nationality.
s. each nation admits foreigners OF other friendly
lions it's territory for certain limited peaceful and
priyate objects OF commerce. instruction. intercourse
denzenshp the like and the legal condition Of such for
rners regulated by the international law private dis
tins uished from the public international law.
g. None the nations Of Europe America concede TO
transient commorsnt denizen foreigners all the hdvan-
ages the domestic nationality such Foreigners
pretend 20 any special exclusive rights peculiar pv
leres at the bands OF the local government
In its internal organization each government bas pub
officers are the agents the community for the conduct
the puhlc or affairs, and Of many private Affairs,
sad are individually responsible 20 their country and
many cssc to individuals Of political Official
behavior bat the se responsible pr-
vat. individuals for injuries sustained BY Of the
OF such officers dons by them in the private business with
which thew may be officially concerned though public
agents vet for individual benefit only IL responsible only
for such injury 70 individuals may by
officers performed in the proper bhoo and business Of the
government.
s. Thus governments hold themselves responsible indi-
vdua for injuries done the latter by public officers
collection other administrative gov
ornamental relation for the Of opinion or
corruption even o. administrative, Judicial ministerial
6cers where such officers administering their public
authority in the interest individuals distinguished from
the government
O. Hence the State OF California Is not responsible TO
citizen OF the United States for iury which his vessel
NAV hare sustained BY the unskfulness Of pilot san
Francisco orfior that State responsible
case If the vessel belonged citizen 81 the Peruvian
republic.
otzsn Of the United ior The failure Of
collect ereeutcn and oror the United States are
responsible 10 such case II the execution b-longrd
citizen OF the Peruvian republic.
In such cass Of law open the individ-
nal who pretsnds himsr agrrievsd by the Of the pilot
or that Of the marshal but the government Is surety
their so:s and the Peruvian republic has right ofrses-