Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1855-06-23


ptuple The iaubourgs with Turkish colonis,s. -
How much like the Cars recent demands Of
Turkey tichcmet l. murdered the brothers
according to Turkish custom and succeeded his
father Bajazci, and sustained the fame Of his
family Amuraih H. succeeded lin. lib hu.
seiged Constaninoplc with an immense force
but was driven of by the inhabitants. The
Hungarian John lIunyady first broke the pres
iise of Turkish ipsincibiliiy lie dsfsaiud
Amuraih in four engagements. In two years
after, Amuralh defeated Hunyady after fight
Of three days. The famous Skanderburg ap-
pcared upon the scene afeF Hunyady's defeat
and scourgcd the Turks wih war Of twenty
five years Amuraih, however, was the great
est monarch of his day, ard one Of the great.
est of any age. lie elen lis scepter 10 his son,
Mahomct the Second. IL was but 26 years of
age, but he at once prepard 10 take CONSTANT
nople, and, even in that ride age, Hungarian
cast a cannon for the TuHs, which threw stone
balls nine feet in diameieta distance Of a mile.
1t burst during the seige md fortunately killed
the mercenary Hungarianwho was helping the
Turks 10 destroy the capital Of the Greek EN-
pire. Mahomet II took he city in 1853, 1875
years after Constantine rGuiltI, and 557 years
alior the flight of the Pophet from Mecca
Mahomei largely eklendd the Ottoman power
in Europe and Asia, thogh often defeated
lie was great soldier, and his qualities as a
statesman were quite eqal to his remarkable
gifts as a warrior.
We pass over the reig,s of Bajazel II. who
had too much goodness 20 the turbulent Turks,
and Of the cruel and baparous Selm. The
son Of Selim was Solynan the Magnificent,
who in an age that produced Leo the Great and
Charles the Fifth was thar rival in all true
greatness. He took Belgrade, Rhodes. enh-
quered Hungary, marhcd to Vienna, and con-
quered Bagdad IIewas greatly distinguished
as a warrior, but quie as much so as a legisla-
tor. His son Selim II lost the baiile Of Le-
panto, where Don JON Of Austria inflicted a
terrible blow upon Tirkish power, from which
il never recovered Selim was llceniious, a
drunkard, and debalchee. Hitherto the heads
Of the dynasty Of Gilman had led the armies
| in person. Sclim abandoned the custom. In
the time of his father, Solyman, the empire
reached its eliminating point, and under Selim
ii commenced declining. Amuraih III inheri-
ted not only Selim 'sseep,er, but bis licen,ious-
ness and pronigacy. Amuraih was the father
of l02 children AMI % daughters and 20 sons
survived him. But the new Sultan murdered
10 Of his brothers Immediately after his acccs
sion.
From this time the military affairs Of tho
Turks ceased their oxtraordary prosperity
Mahomet III lost empire rapidly. He was de
feaied by the Austrians. The Cossacks begaI
to harrass the frontier. Under Mahome, ~
corruption, anarchy, and deprayity .eigned al
most supreme. The Russians began tc meas
ure arms with the Turks. 10 1856 the Hun
garans took Olen, the most formidable rampai
the Turks possessed against Chris.endom.- =
great great triumph. We WH@ m'is9 i' PASS over numbe
of minor events, which, though small, wer
important ia their future results but We cat
not dwell upon them. But we cannot pass b
in silence the great victory aehievd at Zeuta
1907, by Priuce Eugene. !, paved the wa
for tho humilialing treaty which Russia force
on the Turks in 1000, called the Carlowitz tres
iy. 1t delivered Hungary and Transylvan
from a serviiude which they had endured Il
years.
f 10 100, Charles XII, Of Sweden, lost Il
battle Of Pultowa, and the hospitality Of III
Turks toward Charles involved them in a WI
. with Peter of Russia. But he was caught III
0 an idot in the marshes Of the Pruih, and vi
5 saved by the address Of the Empress Caiherin
q At Peierwardin, Prince Eugene defeated Il
c Turks disasirously and recovered Belgrade
S The treaty OF Passarawitz, which followed Il
= victory, deprived Turkey Of large portion
y her empire. Yet Ahmel's reign was one ofil
+ most glorious in Turkish annals. His la'
= are monuments of wisdom and civilization. !
r, was dethroned by the Janissaries.
n Mahmoud l. succeeded Ahmet He recO
d cred many Of the countries which had been |
Is ken from the Turks lie was one Of the n
IS blesl and puIest monarchs Of his age. VIII
r Christian nations eagued together TO desp'
3 Maria Theresa Of her dominions he nobly
Is fused 10 Join in the robbery and tried TO dissua
in her enemies from their disgraceful conduct.
st Mahmoud died in 1854, leaving his kingd'
,p re-inyigoraied and restored TO much Of its for
II er strength.
IL In I76s Mustapha III. declared war agai
at Russia to check her aggressions upon PolaI
~ Dut hho AhheotahS coHuuCtch tnc Wal W. ."
IT, and water with vigo- and success. In II
ed Turkey made disgracefu treaty with Rus
al the treaty of Kainardj. That war sho
or the Ottoman empire to its very foundations
ii Russia opened her way 10 the Bosphonis, I
= was guaranteed in the free exercise Of
H. Greek religion in every part Of the oiton
d. empire. During this war Caibarine had
gs umphal arch thrown over western road
IN Russia, and on it was inscribed-ROute 10 c
el- stantinoph. Under Selim ILL., general pc
Ter was declared in l79l. But the French re
it, luton re-opened war with Turkey in 1907
nd The English Admiral Duckworth attempted
'us coerce Turkey in,o an alliance with Eur
nst against France. and his conduct forced the
lily tonan to Join Napoleon in the war.
he Mahmond IL. assembled the throne in Is
ire and reigned in our times. Under him
m Greek revolution occurred, and at no time
ks, the annals of the world were greater barb
iy ties ever perpetraied, than those which
vas graced both sides. This successful rebel
with Mehemei Al's in Egypt, greatly WI