New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1855-10-15

imply light on the part OF the privileged class 10 col
onize with slaves the region yng south OF the OHIO
ard east Of the Mississippi.
Unlocked FOR even.s have lent 70 the privileged cas-
advantages which have more than counter balanc ID
the adverse effects of this early natural Legislation
The invention of the cotton gin which easily separates
the seed from the fiber as made cotton an almos. ex
elusive agricultural staple in the states Of the priv
iedged class and an eminent commercial staple OF the
whole country. The national territory has necess sry
been enlarged from time to time to accommodate an
overgrOwicg population and an ever Increasing com
mere. Favored by these circumstances the privileged
class have ct the same time found in home prodgc
ton of slaves in Maryland and Nirgicis aud other
States compensation for the loss Of the African slave
trade; and they have not been slothiu 10 uniesrnng
oil the fears and dismissing ali the timdity and con-
citation which marked their conduct during and imme-
diately after the revolutionary the admission OF
Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Alabams as
savehooiDg States into the Union seemed unavoidable,
inssmuch az they the overgrowth OF some OF the
old Thirteen States aud thus these new States south OF
the Ohio balancing the growing free States north OF
that river served sort Of balance between the priv
LEGGED and the uDprvieged classes which II was not
Ieceseary TO disturb. This the first final partition
OF tie ur settled territory Of the United States between
those classes
In 1904 France coded to the United States a broad
belt stretching along the western bank o. the Mssis-
spp from the British possessions on the north to the
Spanish province of Texas the south This acqusi-
iIoD which equally necessary for the safety OF the
country aud for the uss OF commerce. stimulated the
desire of the privileged cAss for an extension ci their
territory and an ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF their power
New Orleans situated practically on the coast Of the
Gulf of Mexico, was already q. once an ancient slave
holding colony and an important commercial mart.
Ii lay contiguous TO the slsveholdng States. nSer
these circumstances, il without any resistance
soon Organized ana admitted into the Ubo3, with its
ancient laws and customs toerAuns slavery 81.
Louis, though destined to acquire gres. commercial
importance, was as yet an uncomfortable town. WIN
few savtholders and slaves. The Mississippi only
divided il from the Northwest Territory which
Yves already cO1secra,ed TO freedom The best
interests of the country required and humanity
demanded that the ordnance OF l7oI, sDou'c
be extended across the Mississippi. rhe priyi-
legged cass, however, took possession OF the
region around ST. Louis, and made partial settle.
me nts low down the west bank OF the Mnssippi
ST. Louis aOd its envirOns mature as state in 1919
and demanded admission with Slavery into the Union
Then only thrtytwo years after toe passage OF the
cnaLce of 17s7 and after is I'm animous ratification
by the American people, the privileged cla,s made
common caufe with the new saveh0ldlng state, and
assuming tone at once bold, iusolent aud menacing
thew denied the power Of Congress. although in the
Territories il supreme and exclusive and equally
supreme and exclusive 10 the admission OF new STATES
10 egislate at all against their privileges IN the Ter
ritories or 10 refuse admission TO new State, on the
ground OF its refusal to surrender or abae those priv
ieges; and they threatened in one loud voice to sub
vert the Union, if Missouri should be rejected Ine
privileged class were backed then by the Senate OF the
United States as they have bee backed on all similar
occasions since that time. They were met, however,
with frmness and decision by the unprveged css. In
the Houfe of Representatives, and go NJ ssou failed
d en- to be admitted as Slave State. Inc privileged
class resOr.ed TO a new form OF strategy, the strategy
of compromise. They offered to be SATISFIED Missouri
only should be admitted a Slave State, while Con-
gress should prohibit Slavery forever IN al the residue
of that part of the Louisiana purchase wnch lay norm
of the parallel of 800 3V Of north latitude the terri
rory lying between the parallel aud the province o.
Texas. aid constituting what is now the Sta'e OF
Arkansas, being left By impc stion to Slavery. TINS
compromise was accepted, and thus al
plomscy obtained for the privileged class
immediate advantages which had been denied 10 their
clalnor and passion. This compromise, however,
could have Only the authority OF repeaaole act OF
Congress far the prohibition OF Slavery north OF
$50 3O was concerned. Wise and great men con.rlved
ext aordnary forms to bind the faith Of the privileged
class TO that perpetual inhibition. They gave 10 the
comprcmie the nature and form of contract, with
mutual equivalents between the privileged class and
the unmivieged class, which il would be dsr0uorable
and perdious the part OF the privileged class, at
any time on any grounds or under any circumstances
10 az null revoke, even to draw IL question: They
proclaimed IL 10 be contract proper 20 be submitted
60 the peope themselves for their ratification in the
popular elections. II was submitted to the people,
and go ratified by them. By virtue Of this oompro-
mise Missouri came Immediately into the Union as
Slave Stste and Arkans followed soon 6ftewsrd as
a Slave State while with the exception CT Missouri,
the compromise of 1857. by virtue of the same
pI omise was extended across the Mississippi, along
The parallel of 800 80 to the Rocky mountans Ihus,
II
legged class of saveholcers for aggraadzenent Vi eI
1itory futlly composed snd forever settled.
II il 10 my purpose TO discuss the policy o. the
Justice Of that CREST sentiment AS III the case oil the
cor s,itu.ioD the responsibility for mat geat msas9re
rests with IA genefa alton that has passed away. We
have 10 deal with it only as IA It, aud with tbs sae
of affairs that was established by it
The occ-2 itioH of the new region west OF ths Mis-
sifsppi, which lad thus been saved for Freedom was
arthiy pos tpone1 Indefinitely By oedicatng II as
home Tor the conc enrated but perisbing Indian tribes
|. sounds in favor Of the humanity OF the un privileged
class if TO. of their prudence tnAt they neither re-
mors'ra,ed nor complained o. that dedication.
The ruccCss of tie privileged class ID securing ID
Themselves immediate possession OF Missouri and Ar
kansas in exchange for the reversonary interest OF
the unprivieged class in the remainder OF tue L1i'-
lana purchase stimulated them TO move Tor nav
national purchases of domain, viii n might yield tne
further scqui.ons Spain unable to retain longer
the slaytholoing provinces OF Eas Florida and west
Florida which lay adjacent to the Slave Staes lhey
fell to the United States by an easy purchase ava the
uriye god class with due diligence procured Their o
CAV izaton as State and its admission into the IiOn.
The spell of territorial aggran Zement haa fsuen on
the United States Of America, and simultaneously te
spell of dissolution had fallen on the nted Sta'es OF
Mexico The privileged class our side OF ne DOT
der entered Texas established Slavery there In YO-
Iation of Mex can laws de sched that Territory from
Mexico ano organized il as an independent sovereign
State Texas thus ipdepe ndent and sovereign SOUGHT
annexation to the United States. In the very hodr
when the virtue of sufficient number OF the unprvi-
legged classes wss giving way TO effect constitutional
annexation Of Texas, the President OF the United
states with senate not less subservlent 10 tue Plv
leccd class executed coup a et0t by wnich that ate
uIlawfuy and in defiance Of all precedent, cane ins
the Union under a covenant s'ipalating that four ne
Slave States mi Int be created ont of its territory aud
admitted as Slave States, while, by solemn m>ekery
an ncon terahe frs gmeL that lay north OF 30 81 was
ostsptatiousy dedicsied 10 Freedom. There remained
no other lev terri org aihin the United ties and
SO by this strange partition Of Texas there was third
final settlement Of tie professions of the privileged
clsss ard i was acqulesced IN by the unpuyuege1
- n,rht selves secure In the Old North