The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1855-11-24

DEEP TILLhGE.

Deep rlorohinc turns the lrough; Itself e
good account. and renders mulching and irri
cation comparatively needless. or. if used
more ,ticari"u~. During a dry spell and in
tren' he'd "roundroot- strike deeper in scare.
Of moisture. become more extensively rami
fled. ard sooner ind the rich loan and ma.
nure in:crn.ing!ed deeply with the soil til"
teaching process. a. it is called. is reversed
and takes place upwards more than at any
other time. or, il. more scientific phrase, cap
iliarv attraction is increased. As each parti
Gle Of moisture is rvaIorat"d from the S;.r-
face. it is snrrrc!rd hv another, an,! the soil
is filled with the ascending moisture and gas
rs, which are Appropriated ly the numerous
rOoflr,s as they haze need.
The wet season is also a blessing to :hr
deep rultivator The mere rain, the more
heat, ammonia rarIIonir Il, 1T aud Other or
ganic elements are I,it in The soil as it de-
scrnds. rs each drop filters through, it is
succeeded by another, or tv air, both essen
tial to vegetation, and 10 dissolve. act on or
comhi.e with III. ino",sH;c elements Of the
soil As the wafer drains tH air is sure to
follow. and this il til" proper r,odc Of its cir
cnlaton. Earh is also generally at higher
Temperature rhin the UNFRAMED land, and
the warmth OF the under sol !. therefore rel
ativr'v increased. The farmer often objects
to this waste Of! water. and would retain it
until q dry time The tren he'd and porous
soil holds water like a sponge. notwiih>'and-
in. th" drainage. Il retains or can command
enou.l for the wants ot vegetation. But let
us So" til" operation on the uudraincI land.
TIL" farmer often speaks OF! is cold. wet
land No variety of soil. in anv location. i.
q: Itself colder than another. The very W.
ter. which trrnchIu.. draining. g.. allows 70
pass of, after inI'artin- its virtues TO the
soil. it retained on or near the surface bv
hard. impcrvionS sub>oii. h,,unl"s itself. hv
is change. tn" source Of The GOODNESS com
planned Of. Instead OF running ot' it cvapo-
rates. and hv this prartlre abstracts a gr.a,
quantity Of heat from ;lic soil and surround
ing atmosphere. The evaporation of pound
OF water requires about 900 degrees Of
heat, some authors stating il II less and 9th
crs more: or it rc'lnr"> one hundred pound.
of air s. degrees This Is reversing Pro,
for Johnsons experiment. in E>ry's Book
Of Storms" where II. says. "a pound O. va
IOr. cOnlPISP'I 10 WATER. WpufI neat one i.tl!i-
bred pounds of air about A. dcgrrcs" The
ground. to a considerable depth. is warmer
hv many degrees. where the rain is drained
"a. instead of being allowed to accumulate
and evapo,atc. Hence this enormous loss Of
an invaluable stimulus to vegetation.
Th" chilling and deadly proe>s Of evapo-
ration is coln9 On to excess trcm the tine
frost cones ou' Of the ground in the spri..r.
till frrtzr. again occurs. at this period.
the UNFRAMED land ha,r. the most water to
frc"z". becomes the warmcs, say in Duem-
Der, when OF no value to veg ta,ion hut
rather an in Jury. For once torSooih. the un-
drained land is warmer than 'iin drained -
But tor this excess Of heat in winter. this
kind of land must pay dearly in the early
spring How is all this inquiries the farm
or. Simply because water, in conIealiny to
either Ice Or snow. has its capacity for heat
lrsscncd about One-ni,.:h. and this excess is
gwen of to suronn'lin" bodies: or, in other
words, its latent heat is set free