New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1855-07-14

HIGHEST degree national; yet, from the very
commencement Of Wsshington's administration
the Federalists were met and opposed in q Sec
tionsl spirit and by sectional interest; aud,
n. the Northern RIGHTS men of the present day
are, they were soon branded aud denounced by
these sectional opponents as local and sec-
tional party
The great bulk of the Shareholders of that
DAY. with feeling natural enough to men who
live upon the forced labor Of Others, were very
little inclined to pay either their own private
debts or those of the nation. The treaty with
Great Britain provided for the collection of
great mass of private debts due from the slave
holders to their English correspondents-debts
contracted before the breaking out Of the Rev
olutio1sIy War, which war; it has been said,
wa. not little recommended to some of the
Southern planters by the idea of thus, at the
risB and cost of the nation, drawing sponge
over their private accounts. The unexpected
resurrection Of these old debts by the treaty of
peace was 80 disagreeable to these indebted
Southern slavedriyers, that to avoid being hunt
ed by their British creditors they were willing,
with that Characteristic disregard of obi
cations of which the Kansas-Nebraska bill
furnishes recent specimen, to set aside the
treaty of peace altogether, so far as it imposed
any obligations upon them, though at the same
time with Characteristic one sidedness they
called most vociferously upon Great Britain to
fu- fiji her part of it by surrendering the North
western posts
Tie dread lest the power of the General
Government should be employed to enforce the
treaty with Great Britain, and lest the United
States Courts might become instruments for the
collection of British debts, had great deal
to do with the violent opposition which the
Federal Constitution encountered throughout
the South, and with the promotion there of that
self. led epublican-subsequentl known as
Democratic-party, st the head OF which
Jefferson placed himself. Fortunately for the
country, Washington was a Federalist, and by
his powerful support and cooperation, in spite OF
the violent and bitter opposition of Jefersons
Southern sectional party, tie debts of the United
States, including large portion Of the State
Revolutionary debts, were funded, and means
were provided for paying the interest and gradu-
ally the principal. Neutrality, as between
France and Great Britain was proclaimed by
jays treaty; the threatening difficulties with
Great Britain were arranged; and the manly
stand in support Of that treaty taken BY the
nation, with John Adams for President and
Washington as Commander-in-C Chief, saved Us
for the time from being bullied or cijOled into
becoming the eats. paw of France.
The Federalsts had never sought nor desired
to be a sectional party; they had indeed strug-
gled strenuously against it; all their aims and
objects were national. But as their adherents
among the shareholders were very few; as the
great majority of these shareholders had chosen
to organize themselves into Southern sectional
party; and as the Federalists were thus left to
find their support in the North in spite
of she struggles and prOtestations of the FEEDER
alists and of Washingtons warnings in his Fare
well Address, parties were forced into
tiOnal attitude.
The Northern Federal National party, after a
tweIve-years' bold upon power. during which
the Federal system had been organized as it now
exists, and the General Government and the
country raised from miserable condition of
bumiliating prostration to high position of
respectabilty and prosperity, found themselves
obliged at last to yield up the reins of govern
ment to their Southern rivals. 1t was not that
the savedrvers had grown to be majority of
the nation; they were then, as they are now,
little Olgarchy-a small portion of the entire
population. 1t was lot that the slavedriying
States sent majority Of members to Congress;
they were in a minority in both Houses, though
in the House considerably less so than at pre-
sent 1t was sn unfortunate division in the
Northern States that threw into the sectional
hands of the shareholders that control of the
Federal Government which they have ever since
held, and which they have administered from
that day to this in an exclusively sectional and
of late in on avowedly slsvedriving spirit.
Unfortunately in those times the States of
New-York, NeW.Jersey and Pennsylvania
had 10 systems of free schools like those which
now exist. The generation which had been
born, and which grew up during the Revou-
tionary struggle, and which had now come upon
the stage to great extent destitute of school
advantages, and therefore illiterate, had natu-
rally inlbibed from the incidents and atmosphere
of their childhood very vindictiye feelings
against Great Britain; and among uneducated
and undisciplined persons, with whom the re-
hectirg and reasoning faculties are but slightly
called into exercise, feelings Of this sort are apt
to have a very undue control over the conduct
To these yindictive feelings, which they them
selves strongly shared, the Southern slavehOld-
ers necessarily appealed; and they thus sue
ceeded in seduciDg over TO their side 4 cOnsid-
cradle number of persons especiallv in the