New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1855-02-05
AGRTCULT URE.

The Farmers Club, Of Bedford Westches,er Co,
held one Of their regular meetings on Fniay evening
last, when lecture was delivered BY ORANGE JrDD,
E.q, Of this City of which We give our readers the
following report
How co plants grow Ii | ask where the various
plants come from, email at once be answered, from
ibe soil. This il a mistake. They come chiefly f.on
the dir. Suppose box OF dry earth weighs ooo IDS
plant an acorn III it, and add nothing but pure
water until the oek tree grows to weight OF 100 los;
remove the tree and weigh the earth again, ami II
will still weigh Yearly 500 lbs. Or SOW clover seed in
a similsr box of weighed earth, and yo1 may cut of
hundreds of pounds Of clover without diminishing the
weight Of the earth. Indeed, the vegetable matter
earned from the leaves toto the roots will rather in-
cresse the weight Of the coil. The may be said
Of all growing plants they do not come from che soil.
Tie truth is that the surface of the leaves filed
with little mouths, which continually draw IN
food that is floating in the AIR In en- invisi Die
s,ste. All decaying animals and vegetables go
of into II air in finely divided state that se
eaInot them and these fine particles are gathered
up o. ain by leaves Then 10 grow or Increase IN
size tie plant must have good supply oil leaves
But what are the roots for 7 To get moisture from
the SOIL and to support the plsnt in is upright po-
stoD. The water goes up TO The leaves, aud carries
or washes dowa the food collected by then, and de-
posi's il in different parts to make up ne structure
IL The soil contain soluble food, some OF this prooa-
bly, eoes up with the sap, aud thus the plant ~ two
sources CT food, though ifs principal supply comss
from the err. very important point is TO supply
the FIST wants of the plant 10 develop i,s fret leaves
and roots By nourisbment, aud It will after GARD take
csre of itself An OF guano will prodace sew
eral pounds of corn-stek IN poor soii, smpiy De-
cau.e oevelcps the first organs or gseaers Oh tne
plant little plaster on poor so o ara az yrs,
amount of leaves on the clover draws stii iufthsr
food, sufficient TO supply the first wants OF otner
plants In this way clover acts 50 po"eriuuy 10
improve poor SOLE and make them bear whest aud
other crops. But much cap is required b carry d)1a
the food from the leaves and n supply the waste Of
evaporation. Hence the roots of toe plant should
be cared TOR. The soil must be free from poisonous
substar ces-must be compact enough 10 hold m0s-
ture loose enough to allow the roots to penetrate it,
and fire enough TO supply medium for the gro WITH OF
the minute fbres. Compact coils or hard pans,
should be oosened, and coarre sandy souls be reu-
dered more tenacious by the ad ltion of clay. The
chief poisons of soils is particular form Of iron
which sbounde wherever air has not access 70 he
soil. 1t il chiefly iron that gives color to our npant
coils. Air will always change the poisonous forns OF
iron the suipbst.l 20 harmless form. Stirring the
soil deeply with the pow. slbs0l pillow admits the
air. Draining removes the wser also, and so ~s air
10 tax place. The lecturer went into detail of
the advantages snd methods of deep plo wing, sub
soiling, and orainIng great end 70 be smet at, is
Ia suitably pore very deep soi for the roots and
then they will go fsr enough down 20 be upharmeiby
the effects OF crOuth upon the surface He had seen
corn roots ~ feet below the surface and Of
locust tree the size of a middle ogsr Is feet bsox
,be The soil being properly prepared ahft the
necessity he drs food having been considered what
is The mel appropriate food to give the plant AL nod
theories 10 the contrary, Dot Fiths 4ndng, r.ble
experience teaches that animal or vegetable maaures
psItfooo sret most important Animals sTe little
more than concentrated vegetable. The body Of an
OK, or other animal, msy be chiefly formed Of corn
stalks or ether vegetable. Nodesi animal should be
drown into the woods 10 decay and 20 into the air.
Every portion Of /: should be carefully saved q sap
ply the i.si wants Of some plant. Gusno Is the re-
msint Of dead birds, and their dfopPiDgs and 10 a
poW eifui sir1ulout Ground bones uaj 1rRt coatain
Il 4 fe1s her
az very vsluabe fertilizers especially ~ this
enifnsl mater quickly decays aa1 becomes available
20 pl-nrs Burnt bOEcs Of doubtful utility. But
.rs should 90 Of from heir farms for foreign
until they have better hasbabded ID pro-
cuced 81 home. The better preservation Of these
hone msnur.s = the most im potsnt topic nos before
Anericsn farmers Lei mass Of arima drOppings
a. vegetable mater lie 10 the open ar for wear
arc more thsn haf Of their best material will have
.scs.eG into tie al. Tbs lee ursr had heMd con.
post compost, repeated TIL be h.1 become
tiTs c Of n wore. As general thing be wolli say
comps for M maugrs fertilizers mack
Lee everything from the ard he got under sJ to
rot hre where il ,1d = be lost ia the prDcs-. of
decay. Lime potssh or ashes hasien the decay and
lc.s Of mcnu.t a'd ssoud b Hssi ritk gs- I!
or rtgtf06ic g0hETes ~ aHy kind Swamp muck De-
CONES c9ve.eG with 2 Sind VI pi.chey matter which
needs Lone a-hes 70 dissolve T. before il ell d-csy
enough 20 flourish pants. he repeated, never mix
line % ashes with vegetable manu,es Or With the
droppirgs o. animals or fo@ls for il sill cl. them
up sr9 grss'ly hasten theic loss AnOtu-r grea.
los. IL The srrin sry u-trod Of treating q sanrs- 10
vashir iteu Five barrel. of schsd or Washed
through cart lead Of ro,t>d mslure contsias m)re
r0uris hrseIt for plants than al that Is EFF Barn
yards sbouh De arranged - % ailo9 nothing 10
run ircn them. Manure .honld always bs under
cover liz recommended 8 cheap In Of cover 10 be
Constructed follows Select soose spo, ia the md
ole Of the yard ard drive Gown SIX croEcaed stakes
Lei two az hem he higher tan the rest, AMI lay
trrcss them 8 risgs-p'le. Upon TIE others tao OF
each side If ss fret place two caves pol-s snt then
put Bpor The rooff-LDs ;hrs Ea1e @ cov-ri0g ofsny