The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1855-01-25

scarcely more than oneha Of that around the capes sun
against that we have to put the loading ana unloading on
o1r Pe6 ana Atlantic coasts when speak OF freghts
These processes involve great expense ana some loss OF
time and in considerable measure counter pslaneu '
resulting the shorter distance Sth there
Goods not Of bulky nature which are easily unload
ed and shipped again. and these would no doubt AT once
take the shorter route Bulky articles wouiu Piouy.
continue TO be shipped from China and India directly ior
their fnal ports Of destination ia Europe unu SNIP
canal Is built the ishmus of Darien, or unul tne
greater speed OF the Pacific railroad would weigh sun
more heavily in the balance Of me and saving OF interest
against the cost Of loading and unloading
These considerations however apply only 70 tne carry
nQ-trade between China and England, ana not 10 the
trade Of merchants for distribution az hons OF ~
the shipments OF assorted cargoes Lei us nave ,ne in
first and thereby the requisite means o.
and we may safely leave the the genius ana enter
prse Of our merchants Ii is the exchanges OF our o"
products for those of Japan and China that we must
TO the principal feeder of our commerce WIZ, ,nu
orr country and great variety OF our own sou ana .
mate are SO diversified furnish substantial OASIS of
more extensive trade between two countries OF Tue os
gigantic dimensions and almost infinite resources
Ii remains for me to speak Of another Interesting rea
ton that has grown out Of our seiteneh. on hn
coast and the wealth and civilization TO when THESE hae
given rse within the last few years Already stream OF
emigration is setting toward California iiom tne oeiesuh
Empire and although that stream, after the Immigrants
have enriched themselves is IN part at least howlng nach
10 China vet while ii lasts il affords the basis OF pas
senger aud emgran trade, the influence OF when our
commercial relations is yet sufficiently appreciated
The command of the always belonged 10 the most
commercial nation and the greatest number OF ships were
always owned by that people VINO enjoyed the carryhe
trade in the bukiest articles Bulky articles make freighs
and employ ships and sailors hence the nation when ex
ports bulky articles II as grofh has very decided
advantage those whose exehangeabe products occupy
less space consequently employ less tonnage we are
in this respect remarkably blessed by Providence
for our articles of export all bulky and furnsh
large employment 10 shippers Cotton our most val
liable article OF export Is, perhaps the buikest arhele
known commeree next come flour, gram, PROVISIONS
potash tar urpentne &c These form the basis OF very
large ing trade and secure TO our shippers an out
ward freight exports of England and France are OF
less bulky nature and consist chiefly OF manufactured ar
ticles With the exception Of wines and branches from
France and hardware and erockery from England almost
all other articles OF export from those countries though OF
much value, occupy less volume and therefore make less
fqh single French ship laden with silks lace shawls
other costly articles OF toilet may carry the return cargo
for dozen separate mportaons in the shape OF bread
suffs provisions lard hides &C. on all OF which ireighs
have earned and ships and sailors furnished with en-
ployment is the nature OF the exports from France
which, than the geographical position OF that conn
try the want OF enterprise prevents ner rom becoming
a great maritime nation A cargo OF British wooilens,
worsted silk mxednay OF her ordinary cotton
goodsis far valuable and less uky than the raw
materials which make eghts for England and occupies
therefore, less shipping and fewer hands on shpboard
Our exports of cotton alone furnish probably more
employment shippers than the whole imports into the
United States from England
1t is clear then that our exports n.regard to bulk, ex-
coed by far imports and that consequently if our trade
were entirely confined to merchandise many OF our ships
would be obliged to home with but half freight q
ia ballast Still having outward freight secured they
could successfully compete with the ships OF other nations
of which would have either a fu outward or nome
ward freight secured But Of late another species Of trade
has sprung up adding largely to the remunerave profits
of merchants and shp-owners II IS the passenger and
Immigrant trade which furnishes valuable home treghts
all our ships bound for the coast of England, Ireland OF
Scotland the ports of the North Sweden and Denmark
the Baltic and the coast of France II is precisely those
countries which consume great staples, and pay TN
outward freight of shippers while the people OF those
countries themselves constitute the homeward cargo ano
make up full freight.
Ii the passenger trade which in late years. has added
so much 10 shipping and given such ascendency to
commercial marine and maintain that what the passen
ger trade hs done for transatlantic commerce. VII
also do for our in the Pacific. Let regula
monthly 81 ssM7poall a.a na aa a.
ton. Instead is the case carrying principally Chi
adventures INDECENT aborers and vicious persons
between Shanghae Canton to California, Chinese gentle
men, wealthy merchants and men of leisure, might visi
country, and perhaps invest fortunes in enter
prises
Mr. FARLEY Has not the supreme court of California
decided that the Chinese cannot be witnesses?
Mr. LATHAM II has decided this only that, under thu
laws OF California they be witnesses against wh
person. inasmuch as they within the provision which
excludes lndians-a person who shall have one-haf O
Indian blood shall be deemed ndianrom flying il
criminal cases against white person.
will state furtleras the drift of the gentlemans
questiontha the class of Chinese in California are gen
orally of the lowest order being there frequently
foreign capitalists as coolies who receive the products
their labor. This class from the of the Chimes
population, and cannot be considered valuable acquisi
lion any community. Their political rights present Sc
rion questions which, know, have already perplexed thu
government OF California
But am treating of the Chinese merely as ina nufac
turing and trading people who have shown wonderful en-
P~cty in the arts and China empire whose produc
we must have Hence the question: what we ma,
best their trade and commerce to add to our ovr
national wealth and prosperity
But to proceed. AT first il merely the hardy adj
venturer exile from Europe who sought the shores
America perfect exodus from the British isles and
the European continent be going on dcpopula
ting whole States and leading vast intercourse and Al
increasing correspondence by letter and telegraph between
the two continents Why should similar changes be eff
tected in the Pacific? The great Of the Chinese ant
Japanese people better educated than the masses
England or Ireland There is not within the whole Celesa
Empre--missonaries tell who read and
write and the Chinese are besides an inquirng imaei
native yenturesome people, confined and restricted merel,
by their government and that government otterng TO III
foundation When the Chinese called all other nation,
barbarans they evidently considered only their Asiatt
neighbours and far they concerned the Chinese had
fight to boast OF their superiority They understand DO
tical economy and all other sciences better than any
their Asac neghbors they are more enterprising NOR,
industrious, civilized and literary than any o
Them and they witlal people of agreeable docie
and winning manners Such people brought in Close
communication with with thousands their nun
oersnow 10 Naifofna already corresponding with theif
friends aud relatives ut home fail undergo great
revolutions which viii change their moral and social re-
latons, and throw large portion OF them-he dfbris Of
shipwrecked political and religious parties the western
shore of our continent
Nor viii only he the trade enterprise and deyelop
ment OF thought between the continents which will he
stimulated and promoted by the establishment of this line
All the benefcent influences have described win eana,
extend TO the Pacific islandsto those Heating
that only require 10 taste of the fruit In