The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1855-06-11

NEW YORK HERALD, I
New Field fsr EAigration-The Argentine
Confederation.
Commerce, industry and civilization have as
yet before them in this hemisphere vast and
unexplored field of operations. The tide OF
European emigration to our continent has
hitherto taken an almost exclusively northern
direction, for but little is known to the classes
who compose it of the immense resources
offered by the virgin soil and mineral wealth Of
South America. To the absence of inducements
arising from the ignorance prevailing on this
subject, we have to add the encouragement re-
sultiDg from the frequent revolutions and con-
sequent insecurity of property that have
hitherto marked the history Of the South Anne
rican States.
The attention of the South American govern
ments has, however, lately been directed to
remove as far as possible the obstacles that OPP
pose themselves to immigration. Brazil and
Chill have taken leading part in this move
ment, and those States are already beginning
to realize the advantages accruing from such q
wise course of policy. But none Of them have
taken such enlarged and liberal views of the
necessities of the case as the republic of La
Plata or, as it is otherwise styled, the Argen-
tine Confederation. The provinces Of that
State, comprising an area capable Of maintain
ing four times the actual population Of the
United States, formed themselves in 1853 into
federal government of the nature of our own,
but of course in measure adapted to the pc
culiarities of their former laws, habits and po-
sition. The constitution organized by them, in
point of iberality towards foreigners, goes,
however, far beyond what any people or gov
eminent has yet ventured to adopt. After
--------... j. of the Ar
gentine Confederation the birthrights OF liberty
equality and security Of life and property the
constitution ensures to foreigners of every ma
ton and creed the following privileges
Aliens are for the future to enjoy in the territories Of
the Confederation all the civil rights Of citizenship They
authorized to exercise in full security their industry
dispose Of the title to real estate-to navigate the
rivers and shores OF the republc-to actice freely
ligious creed-and make wills, and marry according
to the existing laws They not to be compelled
nsturazs OF to pay taxes They are to
two years residence in the Confederation; but the
thorites have the power of curtang this period Of
probation in consideration Of mertorious services
dered to the republic CART. 20) Naturaized citizens
are not to be compelled 70 serve in the army navy
years after they get their naturalization papers, Art
In order to guarantee effectively and place beyond
all chance Of dispute these rights the constitution Of
the republic revokes ali the old colonial laws which
at variance with these principles and provisions art
24 At the time, the constitu ton imposes the
conventions with foreign Powers all these provisions
with regard to Aliens thus placing it out Of their power
70 resc1nd the privileges which the constitution grants
by these provisions to settle in the country, there is
special article which enoius the government to make
every exeron in their to attract to the soil Of the
Confederation those who in any way contribute to
improve its agriculture, devsope its commerce and in
dus and the progress of its people In the arts
and sciences.
As agricultural advantages are the strong
est inducements that can be held out to immi-
grants, the Confederation offers to foreigners
the rich and fertile lands, irrigated and canal
lied by the River de la Plata and its numerous
tributaries, and which are rarely nor ever visit
ed by cholera, or contagious fevers, or scorched
up by a burning sun like the valleys of the
Amazon. The constitution of the Confedera-
ton has adopted the principle of the free
navigation of these magnificent streams, and it
has been consecrated by subsequent treaties
entered into with the United States, England,
and France. The first Of these instruments,
which was signed on the Goth of July, 1853,
guarantees to this country all the advantages
and privileges previously granted to England.
The eighth article is thus worded -
Inasmuch as the principal purposes in view In making
free to the of the world the rivers of Parana
It. T
mote immigration, It is agreed that immunity or
favor win be granted to the flag commerce of other
States
This treaty was approved by the Senate last
year, and Immediately ratified by the Presi-
dent.
Such is the resume of an enlightened and IL
beral organization which is destined to place the
Argentine Confederation in the foremost rank
of the South American States, and probably to
exercise powerful reforming influence over
all the other governments of that section of our
continent. 1t should be mentioned that these
changes have not been effected without fierce
opposition, and from no quarter more violently
than from the province of Buenos Ayres, which,
being situated at the mouth of the river, used
formerly to monopolize all the trade of the
country during the Spanish colonial regime,
afterwards revived by the tyrant Rosas. Fortu-
nately, however, the good sense and patriotism
of the leading statesmen of the Confederation
have succeeded in overcoming all these obsta.
cles and in passing measures which are calcu-
lated to develope to their full extent all the
natural riches and resources of the State
On some future occasion we shall take an Cd.
portunity of pointing out more in detail the
advantages and inducements which this fine
country offers to emigrants. For the present,
we have only space to add to the facts already
stated, that the Confederation consists of four
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