The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1855-02-07

SO removed. The exposure to sun and
mir will so amclioratc its condition
that it will soon become surface soil.
1t is an excellent practice to place
bones, horn piths, woolen rags, leather
slmvings, and other refuse materials.
such as old mortar, bricks, ETC., in the
bottom of the holes as y deposit of
materials for the future use of the tree.
liza hole be dug rcar vigorous tree,
and fresh bone be placed in it, Mt the
end OF year the bone be dug up, it
will be cnc'rclcd with fibrous roots
thrown out from the tree and feeding
upon its substance.
The field devoted to fruit trees
Should be nndcrdrained, if wet, for
no tree can do well in wet, could sour
soil. We would advise the deep and
thorough undertaking of naturally
dry lands q practice which is now
pursued in England with great success,
aud which We have not the least doubt
would prove an excellent investmen,
on American farms, particularly on
those portions which are expected to
yield so abundantly as orchards
Deep and sub.soil plowing must nee.
essnrily prccede the transplanting of
trees, for with the exception of the
middle portions between the rows of
trees, they can not afterwnrd be done
thoroughly without great injury to
them.
Compost manures are best adapted
to trees. Unferrnented, concentrated,
ammonical manures, are highyly inju.
rous, disorganizing the spongioles and
rendering the tree unhealthy. Large
amounts of mulch, river or pond mud
turf, sods wood, mold or other refuse
vegetable matter prepared by the use
OF the salt and lime mixture, or char.
coal dust, mixed with ordinary ma.
nures, or with guano, hen dung, or
other concentrated fertilizers, may be
used with safety, and should be min.
gled with the soil, not placed in i'm.
mediate contact with roots.
Trees never should be set deeper
than where they grew in the nursery.
any, Hg, they should stand :.a inc /,
or two higher to allow G,r tho set
lling Of the soil, which will leave them
at the proper depth. Care iniist be
taken to give every roo,let its natural
position, md when oil ready, fine
mold sprihkled over them, so thai
every crack and crevice may be filled
W hen properly covered, few quarts
OF water thrown on from broad spout
SO as to give the streams u fiat, thir
form, will carry the soil about every
root and insure success in it's futur.
growth. The practice Of shaking, re.
commended by many writer's, IS ex
tremely injurious. We know from
ample experience i'll pursuing both
methods. During the operation OF
shaking, the roots are drawn out OF
place and are left in cramped posi-
ton.
After having carefully planted q
tree, set tall, plant stake near it,
and make the tree fast by means Of a
wlsp OF straw, or soft tow string, or
strong bast mating. The object in
using Timber stake is to give the tree
an opportunity to move when attacked
by winds, and yet remain firm enough
to prevent being nprooted or having
its roots drawn from their proper
place.
A mulch covering of loose straw
coarse litter, seawced, coarse manures
spent tan bark, stones, bits of boards
chips, etc, placed around the tree, pre-.
vents rapid evaporation of moisture,
and thus enhances the likelihood of
success. Trees may be freely watcred
when mulched, but when not so trent.
cd, it often does much injury by com.
pactins the soil and preventing the
access Of air.
Diluted guano water, solution OF
night coil, improved superphosphate
Of lime, and other concentrated fertili
zers, may be applied to trees with
profit at almost any season Of the
year.
When gnano alone is used, it should
be dug in the ground in the fall, so
that the autumn and winter rains NAV
"''SN''S "'u dtotitoutc IL tnTOuul the
soil, anu destroy its virulence before
the season ofrapid growth commences.
Should it come in contact with the
sponeioles in its concentrated form. it
would result in their destruction.--
Superphosphate and improved super.
phosphate Of lime are valuable as
application to fruit trees of all classes.
and may be used at any season with.
out fear Of evil results. Indeed. fine
fruit cannot be grown without the pre-.
sence Of phosphntcs in the soil. and
we have every reason to believe, both
from theory and actual experiment..
that the use Of the soluble phosphates
is productive Of tho greatest benefits
to fruit trees ofevery description.
Probably the best method for wa.
tering trees is to bury piece or two
of pipe tiles, with one point below the
body of the tree, and the other coming
to the surface Of the ground one and
o half or two feet from It. In this