New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1855-07-06

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81 Governor Winthrop expt. ton. II the seventy
ninth anniversary Of the Declaration fine l1iepeni
ence Of the United Stats. Our mn'ls naturally g
back 20 n foundations Of the anceni COMMONWEALTH
of which We ere citizens, laid as they were within on
limits We dwell With peasur and pride on the gr)wi
ofour matt town under The vcisiiudese Of colonial fcf
time from It's feeble BEGINNINGS 10 the cimenl0ns OF
isree snd nO,uishing muai,lpaIitf; aud We meitai'
with Just interest upon tAese evenu scenes ~ the
commence msDt Of the Revolutionary War q ahlch on
heights were the fhealer and winch exerted ~ nndoub
e. ngusr e. upor the COniincHai Congress al Shuaie
vhi n Fastening she great Declaration. Thus lie aoprc
Pirate topics of toe day correspond wita tee three et
divisions hch moke up the Yhele system OF etnical
pAilosoIi y. We have, l. The foundation OF state
he ueaeules and agencies by which, under FtOYl
deDce NV people Is called Esto tine family O. H.
hors-msniss-tly the mos. imlortiut eyeot, hauanly
sTeakng, that can occur IN the history OF our rece
2 We have the Institutions and eye1,s which make mp
the peIiiicdl life of community sui
action BY which the GivinCi, -sppOf tCs ordinance v
civil government IL administered 80 ssbest TO promo,N
The welfare and progress OF PEOPLE. 3 We have on
Of those great movements called revelations by which
people f0r urgent esnses introduce orgeuic changes
H. Tho framework OF thei. government aud maserlaly
rcnovaie wholly reconstruct the fa6rs q their pO-
lite al r,laupns. In relation TO each - these three
reat branches of po-Ilel philO-O lhy. TIA history of
our ancient toSn and the occasion whish calls as
TO- ether furnish US With the most srik 'ag illus,ra
iiOrs and instructive lessons. The tounlstOn OF
Lew Sae. in quarteEo< the globe before unknown,
a
nc history. The time and the manner in which the
earliest PREDECESSORS of the preeet lnhabenJe OF Eu
rore became establishes there are but iuPegiecdy
known: While the fir-t tment ol ASIA aud AREA
lost in those unfah0mabe depths OF antiq nty wlca
the deep Gno OF research has never soundol l. Is
only afer COM aYng the authentic pages OF our early
history with he clouds OF hspd fable that hang over
the OIL in Of Athens and kOme, and tirent Bnalo-
fables which neither Plunrvb, nor Livy nor Milton
has been able to raise into dignity ana n,erest-that
Hc Perceive the real grandeur of the work of which
the iouucatOns were lgi two centuries and quarter
8go OF Dorchester plain 30 wlh respect to the
second branch of political philosophy, the orgaaiza-
ton and administration OF states, AN disposed Ia
ahlm that there secrets u prac heal wisdom AMI
pmdeDce-e.tments OF growth and prosperity IN our
municpal sysiem-whic deserve 10 be thoughtally
explored. Our towns of cOuIse are but units IN the
great sum which makes up the state. They possess
nose of the higher powers * government Not
by their hands is welded the mace OF legs-
lation, or the scales OF justice, The purse N
the sp ord of the Commonwealth. Bat when
ever the prosperity of New T. land and tue younger
States modelled on its type is traced TO its ultimate
causes 1t will be found 10 good degree IN this mani
cipa system. In irpages OF these ancient volumes
desc old town recoros which have ia few cases been
better preserved than in Dorchester-there will be
four lessons of experience, of blessed common sense
shaping itsef TO the oxigency Of uncommon times, OF
patient and hopeful submission to present evils IN the
hope OF brighter day, of t0rttudo and courage in an
humble sphere of Irovdent for the rising genera
ton and posterty, ct aired diligence tor the pro-
motion OF religion, morals and ecacation, which IN
their Joint effect have given us this goOdy heritage.
Lgsily OF those great movements by which organic
changes are wrought in established governments and
new order in the political world brought in, 1t must
be admitted that the event which We commemorate
today in the character Of the PARTISAN infant con-
ieueraCy of republics just starting out of state OF
colonial pupilage the one hand, and one OF the
olLes, monarchies in Europe on the other-the long
and silent preparation and the gradual opproachi
the soundness of the principles which npeled the
he
trious statesmen of the mother Countrywide purity
and pristine simplicity of manners that character
lied the revolutionary leaders-the almost total alb
sence of those violent and sangulnary incidents that
usually marx tie progress OF clv war-and the grad
uhl development out of the chaos " the struggle Of
well-halanced systems of republican government and
federal union-ihese all must be allowed 10 set mark
of sotaTy dignity and elevation upon our American
Revolution. They make it perhaps the only instance
IN history of the severance of mighty empire equally
10 the advantage of the state and the parent
Countrywide solitary case OF rising republic not
bul upon tie calamilous ruins OF earlier organiza-
tons You will readily perceive, my friends, that the
thorough treatment OF this subject in all its parts
would occupy much more time than can be reasOna-
bis devoted TO public address, and that in attempt
ing to embrace them all In the remarks | venture 10
otter vru must wholly omit some important topics
and pass lightly over Others. IL Is impossible
fully 10 comprehend the importance ~ the work
which was accomplished in the colonization OF
AmercG, without regarding It as part OF the
circumstances of the discovery of our continent
hiddn as il was till the end of the fifteenth century
from the rest of the world This thought was brought
30 forciby 10 my mind few years since by crcun-
stsuce personal to myself that think You viii pardon
me for aluding to it, though in rself Of trng do
nestle character. In the year ls4l occupied with
my family he villa Careggi near Florence, mansion
once as liz name imports, casa regid prnccy res
dei ce belonging TO the Grand Duke Of Tuscany, but
OF late years private property aud occasionally leased
travellers. Half fortress half palace, 1t was built
by Cosno de Medici in lf44, nine years before the
capture of Constantnople by the OtiOnans in l4j3.
Pv that eppaing event a harbarOus race (which had
issued floIa the depths Of Asia centuries before,
and had engraiied the Nohammedan lmpOsture on the
primitive stock Of Tariarian pagGnism, had slormed
the last stronghold Of the ancient clylZuion, the me-
ropols of tie Greek Empire and established The re
pion Of tie Koran AT the heart of the Old World Hal
DO great event occurred to renOyate the cvilza OF
the Wesi, il is lot easy 10 imagine what might nave
leen at this day the condition OF Chnsiendom Even
it was the Sultan was for TWO Centuries forward the
strongest military power IN the world the scourge
ard tie terror of the Mediterranean and the master
of some OF the finest provinces OF Eastern Europe.
But the first germ of revival sprang from the
ruins Of the OLD civilization. host Of learned and
INGENIOUS men, Christian schOlars-hed IRON the edge
of the tn kish scirnear and took refuge in Italy.
They were received with hospitality there, and espc-
cially by the merchant prince. OF Florence. The Pa
tonic Academy established in the arcades OF the
Villa Caregg great intellectual res tOratiOn took
place Ia Italy and spread rapidly to The west Of buropei
where precisely at the same tine the art Oi printing,
after slowly struggling through succc sye stages Oi
neut Ia The cities of the Netherlands and the
Rhine burst upon the world in state OF perfection
no, surpassed at the present day. The stores Of learn
ing and hOug BIT accumulated by the mud Oi antiquity
were thrown Ogen 10 the world. The modern bar and
setafe were not vet created and philosophy STAN
mered in the jargon OF the schools but Cicero and
DtmosleIes and Plato stepped forth from the dusty
alcOves Of moi ish Libraries Applausel. The pulpit
If 81. Chryaoston was hushed, but Moses and the
prophets. the EvaIgess AMI the Apostles, rose, if
may venture 10 cay So as from the dead Renewed
ap6lause The f.st book printed with date
fnraared in 40. iut four cen.ares 40 this yelr