Indiana American. [volume] (Brookville, Ind.) 1833-1861, 1855-12-28


up or become swelled. II would
be best to stick a peg between
eachbunch, because mice frequent
~ remove tho strings and cause
confusion. Where brush is con-.
yenient, the first half Of March
isthe preferable time to cut, there
by avoiding much Of the foregoing
trouble.
To make Gran War.-One
pound tallow, two pounds beeswax
and four pounds rosin, all pure
and clean articles; put the whole
into an iron pot, and heat them
until they come TO n foam--then
turn the heated mass into a tub
Of water; then with greasy hands
work thoroughly, as shoemakcr's
wax is worked, IL convenient,
cot a graft knife out Of an agri-
cultural store; il not, get q black.
smith to make you a froe, some
six inches long, slightly concave
on the edge, with a shank ut one
end 10 receive a handle, and n
spike on the other TO prize open
the stump. This kniie or iroe
should be about the thickness Of
Il heavy drawing-knile.
Time for GraJiing.-From
tho last hard freezing until the
leaves put firth; but the best time
by far Is tho still warm sunshiny
days in the first half Of April or
May.
Now, with q common hand-saw,
ladder, and the tools necessary,
march into your orclIard--clt oil
at a medium height all the up
ward and heading branches for
the purpose Of grating in; other
large aud lateral limbs cut from
one to three feet from the body Of
tho tree, leaving a portion Of small
brush, none thicker than a mans
finger. Whittle your pins to d
long wcdge-shape; cut off at two
buds above the wedge part; it is
best TO seal with wax the upper
end Of your pen. Then with
your graft knife, mallet and pens,
mount your tree, split and insert
your pens, placing the sap of the
pens to the sap Of the stump; the
pens should be slightly flaring
out al the top. because in that po-
sition it is nearly certain to come
in contact with the sap oil the
stump. Now follow with your
wax. II the sunshine is not
warm enough to put your wax in
order, use fire. Give your fin
gers a slight following occasion
ally, when waxing. Cover the
whole top Of the stump and the
whole split at the sides about the
thickness of very thick wrapping
paper. BE very careful to make
all er-tightandari-tig around
the gralt-two pins should be in
serted in any stump that is large
enough. Both should be suffer
ed to grow until the whole wound
is healed, or nearly SO; then re
move one. After the gratis be-
gins to grow, remove a small por
ton Of the remaining brush, toI
and thin the water sprouts, SO as
to keep the gratis in the ascen
dant, because if all are removed
you endanger the life Of the tree
or it will cause too luxuriant
growth Of the gratis, causing
them to grow crooked. 1t is bes
to be from two to three years il
removing the whole Of the seed
ling and brush. Any main lead
ing limb left uncut will usurp thu
main growth, and cause you
gratis to dwarf and finally die
Likewise if you graft dilferen
kinds in the same tree, the strong
growers will do the same 10 TN
weak ones. a
Now, friends, We have showl
you the quickest, cheapest ant
best way Of changing an orchard
in which the trees have attained
a considerable size. 1t is ais
practicable for trees not thicke
than a mans thumb. Such tree
as the Prior Red, Rambo and Mi
chael Henry's Pippin, do bette
when top-grafted than any othe
way. WILLIAM ALLDRIDGE.