The true Democrat., 1855-10-02

= formal convention, the principles of the righ of neutrals at sea, which they recognize as in. dispensible conditions of all freedom of navi gaton and maritime trade. For this purpose the President of the United States has confer red full powers on William l.. Marcy, Secre tary of State of the Unite,l States; and his Ma jesty the Emperor of all the Russias has con- ferred like powers on MT. Edward de Stoeckl, Counselor of State knight of the orders of Ste. Anne, of the 2d class, of St. Stanislas, of the 4th class and of the Iron Crown of Austria, of the Sd class, his Majestys charge d'affaires near the government of the United States of Ame- rica: and said plenipotentiaries after having ex- changed their full powers, found in good and due form have concluded and signed the fol- lowing articles:
 ARTICLE l.
 The two high contracting parties recognize as permanent and immutable the following prin- ciples, to wit
 1st. That free ships make free goods-that is to say, that the efecs or goods belonging to subjects or citizens of a Power or State at war are free from capture and contiscation when Hound on board of neutral vessels, with the exception of articles contraband of war.
 2d That the property of neutrals on board an enemy's vessel is not subject to conhscaton, unless the same be contraband of war; They engage to apply these principles to the com merce and navigation of all such Powers and States as shall consent to adopt them on their part as permanent and immutable.
 ARTICLE II.
 The two high contracting parties reserve themselves to come to an ulterior understanding as circumstances may reqnire, with regard to the application and extension to be given, if there be any cause for it, to the principles laid down in the lst article. But they declare from this time that they will take the stipulations contained in said article 1st as a rule, whenever 1t shall become question, to judge of the rights of neutrality.
 ARTICLE III.
 It is agreed by the high contracting parties that all nations which shall or may consent to accede to the rules of the first article of this convention, by formal declaration stpulating to observe them, shall enjoy the rights result ing from such accession as they shall be enjoyed and observed by the two Powers si igning this convention. They shall mutually communi- cate to each other the results of the steps which may be taken on the subject.
 ARTICLE W.
 The present convention shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of said States, and by his Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, and the notifications of the same shall be ex- changed at Washington, within the period of ten months, counting from this day, or sooner, if possible.
 In faith whereof the respective plenipo- tentiaries have signed the present convention, in duplicate, and thereto affixed the seal of their arms.
 Done at Washington, the twenty second day of July, the year of Grace, 1854
 w. L. MARCY, H.. s7 EDOUARD STOECKL. l.. s.. And whereas the said convention has been duly ratified on both parts, and the respective ratlicatlons of the same were exchanged in this city on the 3lst utimo, by William L. Marcy Secretary of State of the United States, and Mir. Edward de Stoeckl, his imperial Majesty's charged d'alfaires to this government, on the part of their respective govcrnments:-
 Now, therefore be it known, that l, FRANK LIN PIERCE, President of the United States of America, have caused the said convention to be made public to the end that the same, and every clause and article thereof, may be observed and fulfilled with good faith by the United States and the citizens thereof
 In testimony whereof, 1 have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed
 Done at the city of Washington, this
 first day of November, in the year of h. s. our Lord 1854, and of the indcpen-
 dence of the United States the seven-
 ry-nnth.
 FRANKLIN PIERCE. By the President:
 w. l.. MARCY, Secretary c} State.