The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1855-08-13

In the epidemics OF tue nu
wera lighted in the streets for the purlhcation
of tba air, and more recently trains OF gun
nowdar have been fred and cannon discnar-
God for the same object but these agents,
operating against an illimitable extent OF Az
mospheric air, have been on too smaii scaio
| to produce any sensible effect IL is' now
ever. pronounced by the best authority qui1e
nossible to heat room to produce rare
faction and consequent dilution of any ma
Iionant gases it may contain; and it ID OF
course the air of the room, and that aione' ~
night. which comes into immediate contact
with the lungs of person sleeping
EFFECTS OF FREE LABOR IN The
SOUTH.
The impracticability of extensively cum
waiting Southern soil by free labor has been
demonstrated by repeated experiments Sew
eral Of them, narrated in speech once de-
livered in Congress by Mr. Holmes, of South
Carolina, will bear repetition, and ought to
be kept before the people. One ofthese oc-
CURED in our own country, in South Caroii,
ma, in Florida. A distinguished Methodist
clergyman, the Rev. Mr.. Capers, tried an ex'
pertinent under circumstances peculiarly ia
vorable to its success. Before giving free
dom to his slaves, he endeavored to prepare
| them for their new position by moral and re-
| ligious instruction. He then liberated them'
gave them plantation, and left it after har-
vest with the barns full, stock of cattle and
sheep, and horse to plough. He then de-
livered the estate into their hands, giving
them any quantity of good advice and admo'
milton, and took his departure for bis distant
home. After lapse of several. haryests, he
returned to the scene of his philanthropy,
and instead OF the pleasant spectacle which
he had expected, he found uncultivated
fields, cattle eaten up, and empty barns. The
horse remained, but was used not for plough
ing and carting, but to aid in depredations on
the neighboring plantations.
Another case occurred in 1910 in Trinidad
which had fourished under slave labor, but
the estates, in consequence of British West
India emancipation, had now been deserted
| by the laberers. One of the planters came
to this country and induced many colored
persons in Maryland. All the District OF 20
lumbia to go to Trinidad and cultivate the
lands upon the most advantageous terms
This experiment also resulted in a complete
failure; the free negroes found the sun toe
hot, and either resorted to the towns or re
turned to this country.
Another case related by Mr.. Holmes is ont
of white labor The distinguished William
Writ, having purchased land in Florida, ant
having some scruples against the employ
ment Of slave labor, carried down to his
Florida plantation large number of white
men. They commenced work in autumn
and during the winter and spring seasons
worked with such diligence and fidelity that
Mr.. Writ began to conceive his brightest an
ticipations already realized. But summer
came with its hot days and moist nights, the
sinews of the white laborers were relaxed
their strength began to fail, and finding the
burning heat altogether too much for them
they threw down their agricultural nipple
ments, and in body left the plantation
Me-. Writ would have lost his entire crop,
| UuL IOr the fortunate circumstance tnaL
gang Of negroes were in the neighborhood
| for sale, whom Mr. Writ purchased, and thus
his crop was saved.
Another experiment with white men was
tried in Florida by a New York gentleman,
who took large number of German labor
ers to Florida, and began the cultivation of
New Smyrna, which, says Mr.. Holmes, was a
tract of land upon which German colony
once settled, but finding free labor could NOT
cultivate Southern soil, had Abandoned
With true German fidelity and industry, the
new laborers began their task, and after
placing the ground in beautiful order, plant
ed the crops. But they too were abruptly
| driven off by the hot weather, and there be-
ing no negroes for sale in the neighborhood
to supply their place, the New York gentle.
man lost his crop and abandoned his estate.
These experiments prove that Southern
soil cannot be extensively cultivated by free
labor. You might as we'll abolish the soil
as abolish the system by which alone it can
be made productive.