Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1855-01-24
From our Washington Correspondent.


-Sana-4n Indian War-Resignation Of Nr.
Soute and appointment Of Mr.. Breckenridge
FaLse Rumors-IHe Var.
The past week. although busy in both
Houses OF Congress, has not witnessed the accom-
plishment of much legislation. The bill to reform
the judicial system of the United States under
consideration for several days, when, on Thursday,
finding that none of the plans proposed met the
views of the Senate, it was agreed to drop the hole
matter and to postpone further consideration until
December next No further effort WILL therefore, be
made during this session to effect reform in the
judiciary, although it was agreed on all sides that
some change in the present system was urgently re-
quired by the interests of the country. The bust
ness of the Supreme Court has increased so much
that there is not time sufficient to transactt prompt
ly, the Judges of that Court, according the pres
ent organization, being required to perform the du-
ties of the Circuit Court TO relieve them from this
duty would enable them to devote themselves exclu-
svely to Supreme Court business, but then they
would lose the advantages supposed to accrue from
participation in the Circuit Courts; and to in
crease the number of Judges would render the Su-
premc Court too numerous body. No plan
proposed avoiding the various difficulties that seem
to surround the subject.
Mr.. Badgers bill to increase the compensation of
members OF Congress by addition of fifty per
cent to their per diem, and also increasing the pay
of United States Judges, has also been laid on the
table. The proposition relative to the pay of men,
bers of Congress, was struck OUT when it was pro-
posed to give them salary of So, 500 per annum
this was also rejected by vote of Is for, and 90
ton of the Senate the Judiciary bill; and this
has also been tabled it is probable that the increased
compensation bill will not be taken up again during
this session.
The Bounty Land bill has also been ND for con-
sideraton in the Senate but final action has not yet
been reached 1t is said that the convention of old
soldiers, designed it was by its managers to ope-
rate Immediately on Congress- has had the effect to
nure the prospects of its passage 1t is quite pro-
bable that this bill will also be laid for consid
Grafton at the next session of Congress.
The attention of the House has been almost
clusively devoted to the Pacific Railroad Bill
or two speeches on other subjects having been de-
livercd incidentally. Up to last night, final action
had not been reached, although the impression pre-
walls derived from several incidental votes that the
bill will pass in some shape or other. There are
two three different and conflicting plans however,
and the friends of each may not be willing
bne to carry through any one, although it has been
attempted by Mr.. Dunbar's bill, providing for the
construction of three roads, the Northern, Central
and So Ithern. Of course these grand schemes
of speculation based upon liberal appropriations by
Congress of alternate sections of lands extending
twelve miles each side of the proposed roads.
Although Mr.. Benton has hitherto advocated assis-
lance by the General Government to this road, he
maintains that individual enterprise is fully
equal to the undertaking. 1t is understood that
stage line is to be established within year across
the plains, and Government is solicited to
struct military road costing So 0UU 600, for gov
ernment purposes we'll for private use; it is
urged and with reason, that this stage line will be
succeeded by a railroad the demands of
commerce make it a necessity.
controversy has been going on between Mr..
Stephens of Georgia. and Mr.. Campbell of Ohio,
involving the question of slave and free labor, and
of their relative advantages, the argument being
based principally upon the statistics of Georgia and
Ohio; the two regarded the most prosperous and
best examples of the slave and free States. think
Mr. Stephens fully sustains the conclusions so well
stated and maintained by Elwood Fisher for
MGR occasion, of the superiority of the South in
1t is interesting question: and the more it is dis
cussed the better for the South 1t is only neces-
sarv for this labor question to be thoroughly under
stood to satisfy reasonable men of the many advan-
tages of the South over the North There is not
that manufacturing prosperity at the South, but in
agriculture the basis of the prosperity of the
try that section has wonderfully the advantage,
arising entirely from the reliability of the labor there
employed Although distress prevails at the North,
and commercial commissions have deprived many of
bread labor being too abundant, at the South ne
groeS hiring at an unprecedented high price, and
labor, slave labor, is in demand.
Mr. Bovce on Monday evening delivered his views
in opposition to the acquisition Of Cuba, and or
two speeches have also discussed the native Ameri-
can doctrines. SAM common parlance has it,
has assumed quite imposing dimensions and finds a
conspicuous place in the message of several Know
Nothing Governors who lay down an American
platform of the amplest dimensions
During the week the President sent in a message
recommending the calling out of 900 volunteers to
|
that general Indian is imminent, and that all
the Western tribes about to make common cause
in the extirmination Of the emigrants the out
skirts of civilization. The rapid peopling of Kansas
| and Nebraska has caused great alarm among them,
freseeing the inevitable result that they will ulti
,nately be crowded out, and their hunting grounds
surrendered to the plough of the pae-faces. These
volunteers will be similar to the celebrated Texan
Rangers, and much efficient in this irregular
warfare than regular troops.
| The resignation of Mr. Soule as Minister to Spain
and the appointment of Mr.. Breckenridge to succeed
| him, took every by surprise here, not in the
secrets of the government. The action of the Span
ish Chambers being regarded decisive against the
possible acquisition Of Cuba at the present time Mr.
! Soue probably regarded his mission at an end
! The appointment of Mr. Breckenridge gives great
satisfaction to every one. He is one of the most ell
| oquent and able men in the House, and represents
in that body Democrat as he is, Mr.. Cays old dis
| trict having large and decided Wing majority.
! If you should see anything as to the retirement o.
| any member of the Cabinet, you may set it down as
| the manufacture of of those letter-wrters sc
graphically described the other day by Mike Walsh
Such reports put in circulation regularly
month Unless some change of purpose is determined
upon, there is probability that any change Of
Cabinet officers will during the present admin
! isration.
As usual, a word about the The siege o
SebaSapol is at stand STILL efforts at diplo
| matte arrangement are in progress at Vienna, and
John Bulls enlistment of foreigners to in the
Crmea has not secured single volunteer. Prussis
and Switzerland have forbidden their citizens to
list and the is true in substance of Spain and