New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1855-09-11

Local activity and the power Of local n'oeia-
ton nre everywhere throughout the State
periahipg under the psrnlyziag effects Of British
Free trade. and when our friend. Of The Err
amin, find their rural congregations diminish,
with corresponding diminut on 10 the power to
nav for instruction. they will, We think, at no
distant time find themselves forced TO admit
that such results are the consequence OF arti-
fetal causes, readily removed. Had the Tariff
ofIsi2 remained the law Of the land, all would
now be different Rochester and Syracuse Auburn
sud Troy, Fishkill and LockpOrt would now be
growing more rapidly than ever, aud Fronting
from day to day more largely by the advantage
enoyed BY the whole State Of close proximity TO
the vast coal deposits of Pennsy Observation-Disclosures
that point out New York the place, ofall others
best calculated to be the great manufacturing CEN
ter of the Union.
Our rural population declines with the decline
in that of our towns and villages and il does so
for the same reasons. When Rochester makes
demand for labor TO be employed in building mills
and in running machinery, it makes also demand
for those descriptions of food that by reason OF
their bulky and pershable nature, cannot De brought
from distance, and then fields everywhere be-
come kitchen gardens, the land becoming more and
more divided, and man everywhere more Tree TO
select for himself his mode of employment When,
on the contrary, Rochester and Auburn decline,
the farmers find themselves more and more driven
to the cultivation of wheat oats, and those other
commodities in which the difficulty of competition
with distant lands is greatest. Government land
r atxha
as well as that of Genesee, if not better and the
cost of transportation is constantly being reduced,
and with that reduction of cost there is CORE
spending diminution in the advantage possessed by
the land of the Genesee Valley over that of Iowa or
Illinois but the advantage of land around Roches-
ter and Troy for the production of potatoes and
turrips, cabbages and strawberries, is as great now
as it has ever been. with the single exception OF
market. From ISi0 to 1850 the market OF the
towns above referred to nearly doubled whereas
il has now become stationary. and as necessary
consequence the rural population declines and the
consolidation of land is proceeding at rate never
known before. In order that the land of the State
should maintain its value, its various local markets
should grow in fair proportion with the extension
of cultivation through the West, and thus offer to
its people inducements to stay at home capable of
balancing the inducements for leaving their homes
held out BY the new States and Territories From
le42 to ls4s such was the case, but under British
Free trade those inducements have ceased to ex-
ist and therefore it is that we see everywhere the
consolidation of land accompanied by an increase
in the proportion that rent-paylng occupants bear
TO the free and independent owners OF the soil they
cultivate.
The next Census will, as we think, exhibit all
these changes upon a scale vastly greater than
that on which they now are seen. The Keel
procity Treaty has only now begun to operate,
and vet our purchases of raw products from
Canada average at this moment two millions OF
dollars per month. The measure was bounty
on the settlement of Canada, and on the abandon
ment of our State-and its effects will be found
10 be the extension of black slavery in one part OF
the Union, and the creation of white slavery in
the other. Under it Rochester and Fishkill, Lock
roIt and New burgh will decline, and the growth
of the State in population will be found in the
three cities of Buffalo, Oswego, and New-York-
with responding tendency to that increase OF
vice and crime Il at even now ex cites such "seri-
"ous apprebensons" in our contemporary. We
admit Ntw-Yoik must witness a greater de-
cline in her representation in Congress, and in
her influence in the Union, cea,ing to be the
Empire State"
We beg our neighbOr to reflect upon the view
We have thus submitted for his consideration aud
that of our readers. If he desires to see de-
crease of vice and crime, an increase of rural con-
gregatiols, ard an increase in tae power to OBJ
tain moral and religious instruction, let him aid
us in the { fort to satisfy our coun'rymen that
Slavery grows with such dispersion of men as
Is now going on, and that if We desire the growth
Of Freedom We must adopt measures tending to
enable them to combine their efforts for the
common good-as was the case under the tariff
Of 1912, when the population of the State kept
steady pace with that of its commercial cities.