The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1855-08-28
DEPARTMENT. NEWS.
ArronsrY erxraAt's oFr1cr.


Prize Lar.Traite dcs prizes maritimes dams ieque
sfondu partie Vain appropriant legis
lation nouvele par NM A. de- fstoye ct Ch Duyerdy-2
t., svo. Paris. ls55.
This work has general value and Importance because it
contains existing Of France the object OF maritime
prize including many unpublished decisions of the
prizes and otherwise brings down the law from tbs time Of
YaHn
In commenting on rule rule free ships make free
goods" vol. l. p. $50, the authors sny
sThe United States since their origin connected with
France By community Of interests and principles have
claimed MAXIM which the French rule had definitely
adopted Free ships free goods
Ths principle resolutey proclaimed BY France since
177 has inserted BY her in all the
which she has signed since that period Not make
tedious enumeration, which would throw light upon
this question: we viii merely remark that in the most recent
Of this kind the following article expressed al
ways in the same terms. may be found:
The two contracting parties adopt in their mutual rea
on the principle that the flag protects the cargo If Of
the parties remains neutral while the other IL engaged in
with other power the goo covered by the neutral tag
also to be regarded neutral though they belong
TO the enemy Of the other contracting party
England by her declaration Of March rs, 1884, has
formed p The principle that robe q Friend robe Of en-
provisional and temporary character Of this act it may be
asserted that international aw will be found to be definitely
settled upon this points for il is probable that England
win retrHct this declaration. She the only dissent
ng nation and would have bad accede day other
what become the law of all other nations
Her accession ought to be considered settling the princ
pie The laws Of each particular nation all in har
mony with the principles assumed IN diplomatic relations
All that is inst and proper But while arplaudng Great
Britain for having into the French and American rule
this point the authors proceed, in another place, with
singular inconsistency not only not to condemn, bnt n
mend French subect property in ships
which France is behind Great Britain well America
In volume 2, page ], they say
Regulation Of July 2sth. IT7s.-Artlce Ships Of
enemies construction which shall have been Of enemies
ownership be regarded neutral belonging
allies unefH there be found board certain documents
honticated BY public officers certifying the date Of gale
csan, ard that such sale ceon bad been made 70 the
subject Of allied neutral power previous to the
encement Of hostiiities, and thar the said Conveyance
OF an enetnys property 10 the subject OF neutral or an
ally has been duly registered in presence Of the principal
officer o the place from which the vessel sailed and sign
ed By the owner q the ship or BY person holding power
But ii may be asked, what difference does 1t make
whether enemies ships shall have been sold 70 usatras
fore after the Of hestties, IL Il Is evil
dent that they been made neutral and their
hostile character il becoming the property Of neutral c-
The H. that belligerent in maritime
looking to seize upon the ships OF their enemies
wiling they sa have the power to the capital
Invested ships money in order avoid capture and
cpnhscation The.s shp' are prey boog char eoaid be
II Aosfis All enemies ships pursued by cruisers and
enacna with capture would take refuge neutral porte,
aud owners would there sell them neutral citizens
in order to avoid being taken"
In assuming ships any "booty than the
Of ships the authors fall back into he very doctrine
they had condemned in speaking Of begerent goods
trail ships and they betle great By making the plum
der Of private property primary object means Of
Quoting such
In the spirit they give improper color 10 recent
English cases. Opp IS Ie III in which purchase Of belger
ships has been degarded BY the Court Of Admiralty,
on proof that the transfers only simulated and there
lore fraudulent su7pressng The fact that snch sales, when
made ode q recognised validity by the laws Of
Great Britain.
II would have graceful after having exnsd the
advance the FIRST point Of neutral rights Of France before
England have amented this point Of neutral rghts,
that France IL IN the rear Of England
The principles Of public law this point well
stated By another French author Of the present day fol-
lows.
In Of the regulations Published by nations at