The Union and eastern journal. [volume] (Biddeford [Me.]) 1854-1858, 1855-03-30

impor,a,ions Of cattle, sheep and swine,
and they have increased 30 rs TO form
mos, astonishing portion Of the wealth OF
the country.
In the present year 1885, the number OF
horses may be set down at FIVE millions,
worth, on the average, sixty dollars piece,
and valued in all three hundred millions oi
dollars. The whole number OF horned cal.
tle 10 estimated a, twenty millions, averag.
ing twenty dollars, and valued at four hun
dred millions Of dollars.
The number Of sheep il twenty.,hree
millions, AT two dollars, eQualing iorty-six
millions Of dollars.
The present estimated value OF swine, 10
one hundred an sixty millions Of dollars,
being ihiriy.two millions head worth ,on the
average, fve dollars piece.
From tho small beginnings have men.
toned, the whole value 10 this country is
now the immense sum Of nine hundred
millions Of dollars, and the value OF the land
used for agricultural purposes is three bill.
lion and five hundred millions OF dollars,
the whole covering an area Of about three
hundred and FIVE millions Of acres.
The West Indian horse may properly be
classed with those Of America, and they
generally exhibit the characterizing marks
Of The nation 10 which the island may be.
long.
The Canadian horses are Of French ORR
gin, and 10 this stock we are indebted Tor
mos, Of the tIoiiing horses OF the United
States. II il marked peculiarly Of the
Canadian horse ,ha, he always trots, As the
Arabian horse always canters. Other breeds
eIhibi, all the peculiariiies OF movement,
including the irot, canter and amble, but
the Arabian horse never tro,s, and the Cam
adian rarely caniers. Beside the troiting
horse, we are indebted to Canada for many
OF the most serviceable specimens Of the
cart and dray horse Of their size, and in the
northern part Of this state, in Vermont, and
other sections on the Canada line, they are
me, with in great abundance. The United
States do mol, as have mentioned, possess
any thing which can be called native
stock, but many Of the horses found here
are superior TO any others, owing TO judg-
men, in crossing breeds,c care in raising, and
by close observance OF all circumstances
which will improve good qualities and cor
rec, defects, so that | may say, without hes.
i,aiou, and after long observation, that they
combine all the excellence OF other nations.
II was supposed lha, the horse sell, from
Morocco 10 Gen. Jackson, and the Musca,
horse sent 10 Presiden, Tyler, would mate
rally improve the American race, but they
were small, though jus, made, and | think
the couniry has derived no benefit from
their possession.
Much Of this excellence is obtained by
changing horse from one section 10 anoih.
er, provided the change OF climate is not one
which will have deleierious effect. Thus
horse brought from the Western prairies
to the sea side, soon gains in weight, power
Of endurance. and valpe; and the salne Is
observed when an Eastern horse is carried
West. A horse with the heaves taken from
New York 10 Illinois will be cured Of the
disease, and have noticed many other
favorable changes. Sill there is always
more or less necessity for accllmalon, but
a judicious course Of management will re-
sui, lin much good TO the horse. The
change, however, will be injurious, il the
new climate is no, healthy. Thus, horse
taken from hero to Son,h Carolina, soon de.
precia,es and becomes OF less value. A
horse taken to Mexico feels the change Of
climate al first, very sensibly, but the puIi-
,y OF the air, and the excellence OF the feed,
soon adds largely 10 his usefulness and val.
ue, and he is much more highly estimated
than the native Mexican mustang. who par
takes Of the uncertain and fi.hiy character
Of The people who raise him. A horse
brought from Kentucky or the Western
States, or from Canada, requires about a
year 10 become acclimated TO our section
Our own horses, when taken west, are
deemed far superior TO any others. On a
trip to Kentucky, was riding on a Stage,
and asked the driver where lie obtained his
horses. He replied ,ha, they came from
Northern New York, ,ha, they were brought
ou, there by some parties who had a small
contract, and were liked so well that they
always kept them. Their own, he said, ar
rived at maturity earlier but did no, las, hall
as long, ,ha, the New York horses far ey-
ceeded them in endurance, and there was
no such thing as driving them of the track.
The Kentucky and Tennessee horses are
good for the saddle, bu, not for the collar
In fact, custom is everything, and though il
will sometime do much towards training a
horse for uses 10 which he is naturally unfit,
We, any horse accustomed 10 the harness can
rarely 5e made serviceabe for the saddle,
aud good saddle horse is soon spoiled il
the collar is put upon him. AS the God OF
nature has not endowed any one man with
all knowledge, so he seems 10 have dis,rib-
uied the qualifications Of animals, in such
a manner ,ha, judicious management will
make each superior in different and dis
tinct sphere. was once in RosloE looking
al the immense truck horses, and enguired
where they came from. was told that they
were obtained from the highlands Of New
Hampshire and Vermont. They were bet
ter for that purpose than any others, while
Tor the lighter spring carts Of this section,
the heavy eastern horse is no, so suitable.
The slow Canas,ago horse OF Pepnsylva-
| MIA, was formerly used in teaming over the
Alleghanies; they weighed from fourteen
to sixteen hundred pounds, and have found
from experience, ,ha, they had not The en-.
dursnce TO labor rs the horses Of our section.
Once the custom was 10 esteem the Mar.
raganset PAGER rs the bes, horse in the coun.
Try; but that was prior TO the Revolution,
and before my time though well recolleci
several fine specimens of,he breed.
The horses Of Carolina, Georgia, and
other southern States, canno, work rs well
rs those Of a more temperate climate. In
fact, l have frequently observed that the
horse attained higher degree ofexcellence
in a temperate section, while mules and the
darkey are fitted for the south No horse
can endure labor all the time. A few
months in the pasture ailer being high led,
and worked for several years, will renew
his energies, as stated periods Of res, and
recreation will preserve the vital energies
Of man unimpaired through long lie; and
by wise law Of providence, which Is as
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