The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1855-01-25

novoIu4 Ie1sufo6, tu0f DervlC6e" DotWo00 S40
cisco md New York on one side, and BAlakavs and
London on the other. III
New York and San Francisco are separated from
each other by the whole breadth Of the North Ane-
wolves long voyage nom New York to Aspinwall,
painful and uncertain passage across the isthmus
which divides the two oceans. and second long
VOYAGE from Panama 70 San Francisco. The entire
Of $500 miles, besides which there Is the trans
shipment and the risk Of land journey, which, II
not very long, Il liable TO interrnp ions Of no ordi
nary kind. Nevertheless New York, il appears u
within twenty four day Of San Francisco already,
M 10 likely enough TO be brought nearer still. To
comprehend the truly American scheme Of Eek
pressing across Mexico, the reader must needs turn
TO MAJ, for no words OF other sisc do IL
justice. Il will there be seen that the points to be
brought into connection with each other by this
new postal service are not situated on the central
the shores Of the old Mexican kingdom, with
come hundreds Of miles Of territory between them.
To get scross from a Vera ere Cruz 70 acapulco the
the hot I0x countries on the shore to the high table,
land on which tie city OF Mexico stands, mlst ira
verse this vest plateau, and then descend again to
the Pacific Ocean on the other side: This journey
the Americans expect to accomplish In &C hours.
Il 10 related Of the Aztec monarchs that when, in
all the pride of power, and with all the resources Of
ticn, they reigned in Mexico, they accomplished the
extraordinary feat Of getting fish no fresh from the
sfa BY means Of trained runners, who in the space
Of "a hours could bring light losds from the coast to
midway between the two oceans, this would make
48 hours Tor the journey across the continent at
period when everything was in favor OF the exploit,
wien roads we're gcSd, runners abundant, and the
prof reckon upon 66 hours being necessary for
the passage, but the country, instead Of being
populous and weltcrdered State, is now prey to
every kind of disorder. Civil war is raging through
out the land, and the plague itself, as we learn by
the last accounts, is working havoc in the Interior
Such, in fact, Ia the condition Of the country that
the prosct though regarded az perfectly feasible IN
itself, Ia said to be pOatp0f ed ftr season.
Now look 1t the journey from London to Balakls-
va. The whole sea voyage, though it may DO some
5000 miles or more is perfectly easy, and we have
operations But for postal vice there Ia the cut
across the continent Of Europe by Calais aud Mar
settles, which reduces the distance to 2675 miles,
and there 10 an additional saving OF time to be
eff cted by VarIa and Bucharest. No doubt the
Turkish provinces are IN disturbed STATE, but they
at any rate the provinces of our own ally, and
ss such their resources should be under our own
command. Look, too, at the interests at stake res
pecsiveIy in California and the Crimea. At the for
mer place the whole matter Is q mere speculation
Of business or conveDience--an attempt to bring
the market news Of New York more within reach
of the merchants of San Francisco. At the latter
spot two mighty governments are engaged in deadly
g1applG with third, and the hops, fears and in
teIests Of nstiors depend upon the event. Bat
pr jet? Nothing, OF next TO nothing. There is no
reason whatever, az we have often shown, why we
should not twice week get Intelligence only ten
twelve days old, but tie thing is not done, and,
with all steam, enterprise and our energies,
the Emperor Of Russia beats us hollow.
OF course, We see that the scheme for an express
Mexico 10 but scheme, nor do We forget that
q certain amount Of :" brsg" must &c allowed for
sic eLt OF TIE United States remarked rather unfa
vorsbly in his message upon the general aspecs OF
railroad enterprises in Americs; but. for sll this
We have little doubt that the project referred to
wtuld be successfully carried OUT though under
tsHeD, rot by wealthy and powerful government
bat by q bouse," or, in other words, by handful
Of retoIute YsIkets at San Francscl, operating
with their owp MEANS and upon the suggestions OF
u cir de cerpment. Nov, IL not lesson - be
lesILt from En- b energy2 We are not for making
miDisters alone the scapego ats in this matter An
Of us--the whole commuuisy- merchants and ship
masters traders aDo carriers have beea in srrear Of
our elves and the occasion. We have poured cargo
after a,go into Australian ports, till, CORES
poi dent expressed it, the arrival OF vessels with
Ds,tbsI disc at Port Phillip alarmed the colony "a
much as IL they had bsen pest shios," while our
sol6is at Balaklava, with plenty Of nouep in their
pockets, hhve been suffering from rel famine. We
rave bad command Of the sea, of countless trans
porte, and Of the best engineering science in the
world, and we have had old Saxon blood TO neip us
and yet Sebss'opol still remains nearly twice tar
trt IN us al il need be.
English Trade with America.
a ]
Few persons who have glanced over toe mao OF
North america, and have noticed the gseet chain
Of inland seas With which II is studded, have been
able to form any correct idea OF the extent and i'm
Mense importan Of the trade aud CONNER carried
upon the Sc great Lakes, of the works OF con-
ttIuction the removal OF obstacles, and the general
improve ments TO navigation which have been rem
der dIequisite for the devei0pement AND exploration,
the fullest extent OF the nessmaoe resources of
these noble waters and the vast productive terrific
ries surrounding them. These inland lakes are the
feeders Of the maritime navigation and commerce,
ana the source Of it's greatness. For at such vast
distance do the gralaries and storehonses of agri
cultural and mineral wealth lie from tbs marss aod
workshops of America that but for the net york of
lakes, rivers and artificial improvements With watch
the country is SO wonderfully n.ersected they could
never be rendered available for oriati0n home
consumption on the eeab0ard ann 10 the old and
thickly settled distri t.. The commerce of these
great inland seas is acquiring mspuitu5e and i'm
portance that attests the rspidity With wnich the
territory they drain hes been populated and render
ed productive. Half q century ago, Lakes Ontario,
Erie, Huron, Michigan, ST. Ciair and Superior were
entirely without commerce. Almost the only
craft TO be seen upon them was the Indian caooe.
The tonnage Of the lakes In 1920 amounted to only
$500 tons, 10 the next ten years II rose TO 10000
tons in 1910 TO $4,000 tons and in 1850 TO 2l5,7s7
tons. The ratio Of increase has been much greater
every succeeding decade. But the present trade
hardly gives an idea Of the vast of which
these skes are destined 70 become the scene 10 10
;ure. 1t il estimated that the American States
which border on the lakes are Of themselves capable
of sustaining population Of twenty-five millio II.
Add TO this commerce that which Is growing on the
Canadian shores, and one may form faint ooncep
ton Of the future commerce Of this region Of lakes
The total length Of these five great fresh water seas
Ia nearly sixteen hundred niles, aud thsy cover an
area Of upwa' de Of ninety thousand square miles.
We cannot but behold with wonder the muuif-
cence Of the gifts which Providence has showered
upon this extensive region, thousands OF miles in
the interior from tee ocean. These waters drain
naore than three hundred thousand square miles OF
n rauin ahoun in min ard ruI tuya
sources, and which have yet hardly been touched,
much less appreciated. What inexhalstble ele
ments ef wtaJh lie around the shores OF axe Supe.
rior Besides ia important fisheries Nature has de-
veoped ito immense mineral treasures upon a scale
as rand AZ its waters lis copper mines the
most extensive and productive 10 the world fur