The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1855-02-10


labors.
HOSTILITY TO EMIGRATIoN-To THE EXTENSION
! OF THE AMERICAN UNIoN-TO THE RIGHTS OF
I THE STATES AND THE RIGHTS OF THE CITI-
| zEN-AND, FINALLY, TO THE CONSTITUTION OF
| THE UNITED STATES-NOW% AS HERETOFORE,
INTEGRAL PORTIONS OF THE FEDERAL CREED.
Now that party has arisen in midst boldly
ing the doctrines of the old alien law and striking
down its victims by Illegal process it will
good purpose its relationship the federal
from which it springs We better illustrate and
establish the parentage of this party than by again taking
up the subject upon which yesterday addressed
observations to the readers of the Washington Union
This party federal in its origin instincts and its
designs; but in nothing this be clearly shown
than its relations the future disposition of the public
lands in its hostility emigration, in its abolition pro-
cIives and in its opposition the erection of States
reply Mr. Webster in $780, eoquenty pointed where
the federal party and where the democratic party respec
lively stand the question of the public lands What
of both in 1880 faithfully in regard
them in 1857. We copy from that speech follows:
"when the gentleman refers the conditions of the
grants under which the United States have acquired these
lands and insists that they declared be for the
benefit of all the States they only be treated
much treasure think he has applied rule of construc
for the IT. in the deeds of cession it has
declared that the grants intended for the
benefit Of all the States it is clear from other provisions
that they not intended much property for tits
pressy declared that the object of the grants
NEW STATES and the United States in accepting the
bind themselves facilitate the formation Of those States
admitted into the Union with all the rights and privileges
of the original States This sir the great end to which
all parties looked and it is by the fulmen of this high
that the benefit of all the States is be best pro
noted Sir let tell the gentleman that in the part Of the
country in which live we do not measure political benefits
BY money standard We consider valuable than
gold liberty, principle, and Justice
This is the democratic idea Observe next how clearly
the old federal idea often tried and fatally failing each
successive trial. Is given by the mastery hand
THE lands are seems to be treated much treas
ure and be applied to the benefit Of ali the
States Now il this be where docs he derive the right
appropriate them for local and partial objects How
the gentleman consent away immense bodies Of the
public lands for Indiana and Illinois; the Louis
vile and Portland canal to Kenyon College in Ohio to
schools for deaf and dumb and other objects of similar de-
scription p *aSir, the true differ
ence take be this the gentleman wishes
the public lands great treasureat much
money the treasuryo be applied all Objects consttu
ona and unconstitutona which the public money
constantly applied consider 1t sacred trust which
ought fulfil the principles for which have contended
What followed all these efforts to convert the proceeds
Of the sales Of the public lands into common fund for
the purpose Of brbing local interests and propating
ties Z We had long procession of expedients to tax
the products Of labor; high and exorbitant tariff
system of internal improvements and a settled ef
fort on the part Of the federal leaders to build up g
ganc national bank, Cypress labor, and to aid the
few at the expense Of the many In the meanwhile, the
democratic party led in that day BY such men as Benton
Forsyth Grundy and Wright abored with bereulean en-
ergy preserve this fund from the public lands for two
H., ~
ers Suites might be acd our Eaioa and secondly
thai public debt mghtJe eztiagashed What American
citizen does not this day regard public lands and
the in which, under democratic auspices they have
been disposed Of with pride The able Commissioner Of
the General Land Office John Wilson, in his last annual
report speaks Of the blessings which the present system
has conferred upon country follows:
1.-THE policy Of the land stem u.s. rst encourage
the actual settlement and Improvement Of the public domain
This may be done BY such amendments 70 the presumption
laws experience prove necessary for the purpose aud
BY which every actual settler may his improvements
in reasonable time without risk Of competition from pecu
lators.
And second aid ia providing the necessary facilities
for and for the transportation Of
products Of the lands market Although the railroad
element in many cases. has been carried excess expert
has proved that grants for such purposes when carried
out in good faith alike beneficial people the States
and the general government.
prevent speculation TO secure an equivalent
TO the for the lands granted for those purposes
notifications in the acts making them proper
for instance that grant should be made except the a
pcaton Of the Legislature Of State that the lands should
be taken in alternate sections within certain distance On
each side Of the improvement the minimum price or the re-
naming sections be doubled throughout the whole extent
Of grant lands 70 Be certified 10 the states a.
the work progreses with provision Of forfeiture in case o
failure.
II is impossible 70 portray the vast benefits already de-