The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1855-11-07

of wheat sowing kept up the price in sey
ai provincial Darkets bur the accounts received yer
terday state tsat rates have generally declined Tn
cattle markets Of poissy and Sceaux have not been
abundAny supplied since the price Of has been az
the measure. Little business Il doing h vine
Bercey; prices, however, remain Arm.
Death Of Sir william AIolesvvoxth, and IN.
Colonial Policy or England,
[tlom the London Times, Oct. "a
The death Of Sir William Molesworth the great coona
reiorer Of our day marks the conclusion Of epoch Il
the changeul history II the British colonies ii sin
guar that in he very year which has taken him from OK
thai system sbonld have mpleted which twas tb
business Of his life 10 support and advocate From tn
conclusion OF the American War Of Independence to
termination Of the Canadian outbreak Of 1887 long
disastrous period elapsed, during which We seemed ID
have forgotten all that past experiences had taught
to have rscarred to with reference to the govern
ment Of dependencies singularly narrow mean and ia
adequate. Having no longer any colooists of whom
We were afraid-haviDg edectually disposed Of al
the noble possessis ms which we once held tn
continent Of North America except the Frencl
settlement Of Lower Canada and the infant English settle
ment OF Upper CsDsda, to have lost the heor
as well as the practice OF colonial government, and
have forgotten for while that had any foreign settle
ments at all. The nation that had just lost Americ
Warren Hastings, who had employed nearly the sam
efi0d Of time In saving India and bestowed the
mary and exaggerateo woes Of Begums or Rajahs th
ympathy which 1t could not spare to the real griey
Of men OF the same and language The idea
der which the English mind then regarded the cooni
nt r. s the nss that
South Wales, and the crimes and miseries whic
naturally followed tnch step, had undoubt
edly depressing influence on the estimation
which colonies generally were held, and reacted
most unfavorably the condition Of Canada and he
sister colonies Instead Of seeking to Indemnity
selves by the development given to our new po session
for the loss OF the old employed for series Of year
every device which could deaden native patriotism d
VET lien a1a teach the % .rS
graduation. so completely Lad the public mind becon
perverted the subject that tho West India colonies
unsound in . moral and economical point Of viewwer
regarded with infinitely more favor and attention thu
the virgin laLds OF Canada, situated In climate adaptc
to tie European constitution, watered by noble rivers
and accessible by admirable harbors the vast cont
nent Of Australia Of wni,h bave not yet taken tn
trouble TO ascertain the whole nature even the ex
tent This dark period Of colonial history may be said
have terminated with The Canadian outbreak and ami
the fire and blood OF that unhappy rebellion broke tn
at this period that Sir William Malesworth undertook
agitate the question 81 transportation and As chairma
q committee Of the House o. Commons elected ev
dence which startled those who supposed that all wa
well in commuI tiles Of which we heard so little. Fror
that time may trace gradual but sure ameioraton
The nnon Of the provinces OF Canada ia $780, was effect
ed by an act which has interpreted and acted
spirit far liberal than that in which 1t was
ceiyed and bat led by degrees to the establishment
complete HE same right Of self government, III
same power q appointing their own ministers, wa
The rest Of the American colonies. The concession
Of the Clergy feetves, and Of the power Of reformin
their constitutions has followed, and the Mort
American colonies probably enjoy at this moment tn
highet amount of liberty that is consistent with tn
continuance of their connection with Great Britain
But while Canada has been thus generously treated
the Cape, New Zealand and Australia reserved 70
the exercise Of blind caprice or the application Of
p ded theories. For them devised under the pre-
teuce of preparing them for selEgovernnent council
either entirely nominated by the crown partly nom
nasd and partly elected which gave expression TO pop
lar opinion only the eecually to tbwar and
troll II, which set tLtir avowed guide and tandar
the principle Of govcrnnsn by minoit;cs, and whicf
while they ismanaged the finances and compromised
the interests of the pc pie nevertheless IN stat
Of perpetual hostility with the home government.
to sweep away these miserable coanterfeits and
liam Molesworth labored success crowned his exe
tons though neither IL the order nor in the
expected. The Cape Il jood Hope, the least advanced
and the least important OF these communities, receives
from Lord Grey the gift Of free institution
which he s,eaefastly denied TO Australia; and Sir job
Paiington gave TO New zealand in 1859 constitution
which, though idicuously large too complicated
for the small community TO which il applied an
invols ing elements OF strife and confusion between tn
provincial ard central legislatures that have faile
to Iipen into dscoid was YET considerable sdvanc
upon any thing conceded 10 Australia II was only
June this very YEAR that New South Wales and vico
rja obtained from the hard OF the gift
-uuiDns, which, though containing almost every de'ec
which constitution be subject had yet This rel
teemirg ptnt--tfat they gave "a Legislature locan{
onstituied piepary powers oil local legislation, lad
the power besides OF altering they might think
the constitution so granted to them. That tines !
disputes before they settle down into the tina
IL suitable TO the colonies have no doubt, bu
Of any rate the battlefield is removed TO the Inca
legislature and the change will longer form m
OF dispute between the colony and the mother conn nv
Thus. then just ms bs work has been completed and
the principles he advocated have triupphed ha
been removed from scene Of public life the man al
whom, above Mi Others The col mics their emanc
patton from stem Of sham hberaity and real repres
sion, endless interference With te loo concerns and
mischievouR tamperpg with their e,rest interests
begins, state uf things utterly nnex poreI and
unknown, in which an rxpe iment il 10 DO tried that
lar AZ We know, has Lever been tried beore-whethe
IN be possible 10 ain many free compile ely orcan
zed, and seiigoyerDipr communities in dependence Cd
the parent State, MT by force fear but hy he ties
good will and mn,nai aection. The labor o. the C9,onia
Minister AT least his routine labor certainly
by this great cbapge-we might say the reyclutios(
which has thus been eGec'ed--but IL less burdensone
his duties have become Infinitely more difbcalt add
dehcate. Much as we have conceded TO the c ,lol
MES there are many matters Of imperial sognizance
which it IS impossible that should cenccde to then
and in determining what those matters are and ma Gag
ing the negotiations which must arise cut attempted
naeimenss will CONSIST the delicate and difficult out
Of The Colonial Minister To the other causes OF regc
for The IN imely loss n Sir William Moeswor.h IL adde
this aisohat as he was the most active in creating
our new feiakns 20 Colonies he the persou
most likely 80 edmn Ter them with prudence with IN
sisteDcy and with discretion few oaths Of such ad
m'nistraon as We have at the Colonial oce might
entail upon this country amount II loss aud discredl
hich II is hardly possible to estimate Whatever it ha
been, the Colonial Office must longer he the refuge ford
men OF impfacticshs temper crotchety
and whoever he selected the successor Of Sir Wa
Moleswor'h should be not only capable os carry
lrg en- an cistpg system but Of naug urating and ia
siitu'ing Q new enc.
Submarine TunEsI between Frascc and Eng-
land.
Boul ,GSE-suR-sFR Oct. 20, 1853
For several weeks past able hyirogra phers anl
engineers have been emp,yed ia surveying the coasts
the neebborhood Of B"clgne and Calais the Fren Oh
side, and Of Dover and the South Foreand English
side OF the channel, and 10 taking sounngs With view
Of reporting TO the feasibility and advantage Of for
communication between the coln. rs by means oil
q submsIine tunnel and railway.
~ L. Favrc (Nicft, department of Deux-Sevses) the|
distinguished French engineer has this day puplishedI
the DETAILS CT bis extraordinary project, OF which the
nexed are the chief points -
Ibe project consists in tunnel Of about 90 kilometres
In length for ed NJ der the ana Offering much
Guilty 50 railway under The open sky.
The tunnel will be pierced IN that the be
Of the earth which viii divide il from the will never
he less Than twenty-five metres even at the creates
eertb Of the sti ats and will be Inca with double arch
tie first 10 be ofgranic and OF nrefmeate cement TIL
second Of thin iron Plate, fercef in different places
order 70 discover mme, lately he least filtration.
The difficulties which appear Dsurm juntable in wori
OF This Mind consist only in the extent of IT. tunnel
in The tedousnefs Of the opera ions-which however
can be undertaken both ends the same time
ais The clearance Of the deis, shi,h would seeming