New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1855-06-23

from the coast Of C0r0mandei came INC "ooiuu
class. and from the Western coast the sfroni
and inferior commodities; and in this manner
WA that the food and the wool of the seVera
districts were exchanged. Under Bnstsi
domination. however, those MANUFACTURES
have disappeared. British cottons were
forced into India duty free; while Indian
cottons imported into England were sub
jected to heavy duty; and to add to this OPP
preston. the poor Hndoos were prohibited from
obtaining machinery from England by help OF
which to improve their processes OF maniac
ture. Under such circumstances we can feel
no surprise at learning that the great seats oil
manufactures which existed half a century since
are now but masses Of.reins, and that the peo-
pie who then supplied the world with the finest
muslins are now glad to sell themselves to
Slavery in the Maurtius aud the West Indies.
So long as the food and the wool could be
combined in the form Of cloth they could make
their wsy from one part Of India to another,
and internal commerce could be great, even
though the roads might be bad; but as BY degrees
the manufactures disappeared, commerce died
away because the food and the wool in their Ut
manufactured state could not travel at all over
such roads. Bengal ceased to exchange with
Madras and Bombay ceased to exchange with
Bengal-and all ceased to exchange with the
Pupjaub-except through the medium OF the
ships. mills and merchants of England, coun-
try distant from them thousands of miles. There
must 90 the lice, aud there must go the cotton,
and as necessary consequence the producer OF
rice went naked for want Of cloth, and the pro-
Queer of cotton starved for want OF rice. Every
thing must 20 10 Calcutta on its wayto England
to Madras on its way TO England-to BOMBAY
n its way to EDgland-and the more that Cal
cutta, Madras and Bombay grew in size the
greater was held TO be the civilization of India
although with every step in that direction there
was an increase of poverty, misery and crime
smorg the wretched people subjected to the
system.
The finest lands in the world have been aban-
doned and given up to the untamed beasts of the
iungle-and wbyl If our correspondent desires
an answer to this question, it will be found in the
words of recent writer on India, who tells us
that "the motives to industry have been de-
" stroyed." BY another we are told that
great part of the labor of the country is
utterly wasted because it possesses no means OF
celebrating the raw products of the earth, nor
of sending them to distant lands-a necessary
consequence of which is, as was told by others,
that much Of the produce perishes in the ground for
,cant of a market while millions perish for want
of tie power to sell their labor in exchange for
food. We will cite Mr.. Thompson, NJ. p:
1.-THE soil seems to lie under curse Instead of
Welding abundance for the wants OF is own popula-
ton and the inhabitants Of other regions, 1t does not
keen in existence its own children. IL becomes the
Luryipp Of millions who die upon its bosom cry
ing for bread In proof of this, turn your eyes back
ward upon the scenes of the past year. Go with me
into the north western provinces OF the Bengal Presi
deDcy and will show you the bleaching skeletons OF
FIVE hundred thousand human beings VINO pershed OF
hunger in the space Of few short months. Yes died
of hunger in What has been justly called the granary
of the world. Bear with me if speak OF the scenes
which were exhibited during the prevalence OF this
famine. The air for miles was poisoned by the emu
via emitted from the putrefying bodies OF the dead
The rivers were choked with the corpses thrown into
their channels. Mothers cast tbeir little ones beneath
the rolling waves because they would not see them
draw their as gasp and feel them sfen In their arms
III Ell glsh 10 the city prevented from taking
Ii cir customary evening drives. Jackals and vul-
tuIes approached and fastened upon the bodies OF
men, women and children before Life was extinct
MafnCs disease. despair staked abroad, and no hui
man power present TO arrest their progress ~ tcds
the CaynirdI Of death And this occurred IN British
lnde-in the reign of Victoria the First! Nor was
tie event extraordinary and unforeseen Far from
1t: 1886 SO witnessed famine In tue northern prov
noes; 1888 beleld one to the eastward; 1922 23 saw
ole in the Deccan. They have continued to Increase
in frequency and extent under our sway for more than
half century"
We are told that England is making roads and
car ais, and so she is now doing after having for
century past refused to follow the practice Of
the native Governments in keeping up the i'm
proyements that were required by the cultiya-
tors of the land, and after having annhilated all
the manufactures of India. Before, however,
we give her for this the credit claimed by our
correspondent, we may as well inquire what is
its object. Is it to improve the condition Of the
people 1t is not. 1t is solely and exclusively
to enable Manchester to obtain more and cheaper
cotton. With all the improvements in the
modes Of intercourse with Europe-improve-
ments that have, as we are told by Mr. Chap
man in his work on the commerce Of India, in
fort, two years made reduction of no less than
seren pence per pound in the various charges
between England aud India-the producer of
cotton obtains but little more than half as much
per pound as he then did-and the only object
of the improvements now going on is that of OBJ.
tanning cotton from him at cheaper rate than
even now is paid. Cheap cotton is the fret Of
all the demands Of England. and to obtain it she
is ready to stand by the task-master of India, as
she always does by him of Carolina.
The greater the competition for the sale of