The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1855-01-10


York and from New York any other town the At
iAntc to San Francisco be sent in two dsys9 CONNER
York In twenty two days and TO London in thrtytwo
dsys-or little less than half the time required by
Seope the state their markets. the crops the demand
or foreign goods-n short, everything that can affect
commercial transactions with that distant country win
jnadaptng trade and enterprise to the changes that
nay have taken place. and whore one or two shipments
Irenow made in the course OF year, under circum-
tancos OF no ordinary risk three four will then be
made with comparative safety 1t is, therefore, but
a. proposed win find abundance of employment-not
only BY own merchants, but those Of Europe-and
that gill form the most important and remunerative
nent and the western world In the absence of large
and expensive fleets the regular visits of mail
steamships to the islands Of the Pacific and to Japan
ven ss TO the ports of China themselves will serve ss
protection to commerce. and lend certain prestige
to navgators and hardy whaers In those seas Our
has reproached by foreigners with not
keeping sufficient naval force in the Indian Archipelago
and the Chinese 10 protect our merchantmen-and
ID has been tauntngly asserted that but for the British
men war which act high constables Of those seas
securing II OF pirates our commerce in those waters
would be entirely annhilated When our mail steam
ships shall regularly visit the coasts Of China and Japan
touching at the Sandwich Islands, spreading intel
igence In every direction and Increasing wealth by
legitimate means, civilization and Christianity will
spread so rapidly, and extend their humanizing
influence far and wide, that the maintenance of
armed force for the protection Of commerce will be
unnecessary in those waters as II is on the coast OF
Europe Our advantageous geographical position, as
CARDS the Asiac mail service equally applies to freghts
Freghts are the great drawbacks to commerce. hence
whatever dminishes reights-that is whatever renders
the expense and time of carrying goods lessadds to the
profits Of commerce. and TO that extent increases and
tends it, have are shown that the distance from Can
ton to London the way Francisco and New York.
cely more than half of that around the pes
sti, against that have to put the loading and
loading on our Pacific and Atlantic coasts when we
speak Of freghts. These processes involve great
pense and some loss of time and in a considerable
measure the advantages resulting from
the shorter distance STILL there goods not of bulky
nature, which easily unloaded and shipped again,
and these would, doubt, at take the shorter
route Bulky articles would probably continue to be
shipped from China and India directly for their final
ports OF destination in Europe, until ship canal IS
speed of the Pacific Railroad would weigh still
heavily in the balance Of time and saving Of interest
against the cost OF loading and unloading These
nderations however apply only to the carrying trade
between China and England and not t. the trade of
lwn merchants for distribution at home, to the ship
nents Of assorted Let us have the mail service
hrst, and thereby the requisite of intelligence,
and we may safely leave the rest to the genius and
terprse of onr merchants IT is the exchange of our
own products for those of Japan and China that we
mnst look to, as the principal feeder of commerce
with the East, and these as have already observed)
from the exentof country and the great variety of
our soil and climate, so diversified to furnish
substantial basis for more extensive trade between
two countries OF the most gigantic dimensions and
almost infinite II remains for me TO speak OF
another interesting relation that has grown out of
settlement on the Pacific coast and the wealth and
civilization to which these have given rise within the
last few Already stream OF emigration is setting
toward California from the Celestial Empire and al
though that stream after The emgrant have enriched
themselves isn part, at least-aowng back to China
yet while 1t lasts affords the basis of passenger and
emigrapt trade the influence of which on our CONNER
cal relations is not yet sufficiently appreciated. The
command Of the ocean always belonged to the most
commercial nation and the greatest number of ships
ryng trade in the bukiest articles. Bulky articles
make freghts and employ ships and sailors hence the
has very decided advantage those whose
changeabe products occupy less space and consequent
iy employ less tonnage We are in this respect, most
remarkably blessed by Providence for staple articles
OF export all bulky and furnish large employment
to our shippers. Cotton our most valuable article OF
export is perhaps the buAiest article known to com.
MERGE next come -four, grain provisions potash tar,
turpentine, &C. These form the basis Of very large
carrying trade and secure TO our shippers an outward
freight The exports of England and France of
less bulky nature and consist chiefly of manufactured
articles. With the exception of wines and brandies from
France, and hardware and crockery from England al
most all other articles Of export from those countries,
though OF much value, occupy less volume, and there
fore make less freight single French ship laden with
silks, lace shaws other costly articles of toilet may
carry the return cargo for dozen separate importaons
in the shape Of breadsus provisions, lard hides &c,
on all which freghts have been earned and ships and
sailors furnished with employment II the nature Of
the exports from France which more than the geogra-
phca position of that country, the want Of enter
prize prevents her from becoming great maritime ma
lion. cargo Of British woollens worsed silk or
mixed-nay even Of her ordinary cotton goods-s far
more valuable and less bulky than the materials
which make freights for England and occupies there
lore, less shipping, and fewer hands on shpboard
to shippers than the whole imports into the
United States from England 1t is clear then, that
exports in regard TO bulk exceed by far our imports,
aHd that consequently, il our trade entirely
fined to merchandise, many Of ships would be
obliged to come home with but half freight in bal
last. Still, having outward freight secured, they
could successfully compete with the ships OF other
tons, few of which would have either full outward
bound or home ward freight secured But OF late
another species Of trade has sprung up adding largely
TO the remuneratve profits Of our merchants and ship
owners IL the passenger and emgrant trade, which
trntsI lila hnA. rafxhta IN all ans ina
for the coast of England, Ireland or Scotland the
ports of North Sea- sweden and Denmark the Baltic and
the coast OF France. II II precisely those countries
which consume our great staples and pay the outward
freight of shippers, while the people OF those
tries themselves constitute the homeTard cargo, and
make up full freight II is the passenger trade which
in late years has added much to our shipping, aud
given such ascencancy TO commercial marine; and
maintain that what the passenger trade has done FOR
trans Atlantic commerce. it win also do for
merce in the Pacific Let regular monthly or semi
monthly line of communication be established between
San Francisco and the ports of China and Japan and
valuable trade of that nature will spring in regard to
which we need not apprehend any composition Instead
Ii the case, carrying principally Chinese adven
turers INDECENT aborers and vicious persons between
Shanghae or Canton TO California, Chinese gentlemen
wealthy merchants and men Of leisure might visit our
country, and perhaps, invest fortunes in enter
prises. At FIRST it merely the hardy advenurer or
exile from Europe who sought the shores of America;
now perfect exodus from the British isles and the Flu
ropean continent to be going on, depopulatng
whole States, and leading TO vast intercourse and
increasing pondence by letter and telegraph be.
tween the two Continents why should not similar
changes be effected in the Pachc2 The great OF
the Chinese and Japanese people are better educated
than the masses In England Ireland. There Is not,
within the whole Celestial Empire, missionaries tell
US, MAD wh6 cannot read and write, and
the Chinese are, besides, an inquirins imaginative,
ventures ONE people confined and restricted merely by
their government and that government totterng to its
foundation When the Chinese called all other nations
"barbarians" they evidently considered only their Asi.
tic neighbors and far they are concerned, the
hineee had sht TO boast OF their superiority They
understand political economy, and all other sciences
bore enterprsng, Industrious, more civilized and
literary than any OF them, and they are withal
lpeope of agreeable, doce and winning manners Such
,peope, brought in close communication with own,
fifth Thousands of their numbers In California, al
ready corresponding with their friends and relatives at
home, cannot fail to undergo great revolutions, which
viii change their moral and social relations, and throw