New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1855-01-06
TUkKEY AND tbs FAST.

TT Tx Hoy GEORGE MARSH.
Tie shove lecture VS. delivered LA, evening. In
Gin On Vsl before humorous sal attentive
arti,r-e bv the r. Geo p. Mlrsh. late I. :.
v;n.,e- a: Corstaniinople The le 'turer rmenceI
With review Of tie checke7ed history Of ;he mara
line province. Of the OTTOMAN Empire which fora
| ne b.undary between the ORIENT and Western El-
rope. and which. as a consequence have been the
heater OF So many confess all OF which have LETT IN
de.ble marks of the vsroTs stages OF clvlzanon or
bsrbsrism which produced them. The present state
/ = Turkey vas next considered and the only hope
for il, with IL afee form Of civilization, was sA'ei
/ 70 Re conversion 10 Christianity. The picture Of
Turkey as presented TO the Cnristin world,
Las been drawn only by her enemies when
the percil l. taken up by native artists, the dlpilcy
Sud cruelty OF the Christians, wno nave preyed upoa
Turkey. ul-y be found eGlA 10 tlo'e 81 the IIssl IL
men. he ....ss-r.ls were cruel seli-r -, As 81
uueu Ltrued bocc OF soldiers are. ou; tue Turk, 10
hns,f l. calm. and not cruel there Is no mora
pea.enle city ln the world than the Turk n portion
Of S.amboul. nor Any mOre turbulent o1e tatn tue
Cnristi7n quarter Of (OAstani.nopie. ih9 lecturer
IroCetG,l Snow t11t tae I4f~s ase no. lsi - os
GccUs. u larbArsm IN the deS'Tut tom Ok LARS, Al
edic,es aly more than The vsrlous Chrsin sec -
The ehsrse Of incidence more justly applies; STILL
even that belongs more pro erly 10 toe inhabitants Of
the capital shan n those of the country The nttle
enccurAgerlen sl 10 lda Try ~ any OF IT'S 0ri1ch >
bv the sysiem OF free rAue Imposed upon lark ac-
counts very iAly for lvr dvctdence from her
alcien'sk'I and industry N The aIts O9e
thing rus. alW lys De leinc 40 red - the creitt
Of Turkey-she hss ever ben a coy q,
tefa,e To the oppressed Of Eastern Er0p-.
The Turk j. physically sud mors.y brave, venrrs-
tive aud en'lu,nily stitrespec'lne but his commu
nicAtion with the wort G-n OF European c'vhkS uln
Joined 10 hspeessbe-s for tue f Ire OF his c'intrY
has much injured as good GGallIes. ChGstlanlty
has .a'cly h.eu pre- eutsf n pur-r form - ths az
/ hahitaufs % Turkey. uy O'paal men AID 10 nel
irasruch religion wh the Turk l. tae SUI ,ru ''uce
/ If a civil organization. Inc p-r-alt SIltAl,
I although hmseif but halfefuc tted l. n ~Arm en-.
coursger OF The evil, naval ani political lnpr we
uelt of liz people, end urges the cause torSard n
fact A. they are prepared for IL. The hrt impetus
/ toward reform vas given by France, t4c preselt
} British Minister has long been the friend 81 tn'
Turkish reform: bu', strange afi WFaucnply ~ tel,
the great obstacle ia not found in the ob-tnscy Of the
Turkish character. but in The i.rgues of the Eur)-
! mean Powers. The lecturer then touched Lightly
/ on the character of the Arm-ni,us shO form QUE
twelfth of the subjects of ihe Porte, they are wanting
in ph, seal and moral courage otherwise amiAo'e
! and Intelligent Tue Greek va next described.
The revere of the Turk in All the Turk good quail
tes-lke the Russian in ell the Russians bal quail
ts-and aiming az al imitation at the Russian, IN Ter
whom he l. likely 70 expefence worse b1ll age t1a1
tina, Of bis Turkish master. Applause I'll 4.
liar sycophaut; ds sfitu'e of all high qualities 1tilng
J him 70 excel in ciyizat.on his religious deveipp-
/ ment is on 5 PAR. L is mist sAs IL suppose that
] he the ir-cril .duf u ne f-u' tht hftrN
/ The modern Grr,ks are OF mixed Snvonian and
Armenian origin II. ~ the restoration IT IdrSeY,
is meant the restoration az tie system of the 'lnetar
ard the bowstrngtte less success the attempt hss
the better tor to- welfare ct 'hs world Bat gJrl-
? Gus snd happy tuiIre would AVA Turkey we're An
emil. tend situtoAa - stem of GoyeInmeu Sc
cured e. her by the conet and guaranty % the Euro
pesn Powers. UnJer such system, cndn lei
10 the guidance Of native rul-s, Turkey
would flourish much moro than by being
mace an arueudage 10 any OF the nations which nov
contend for her. The maefai aspect OF Cons aatlno-
pie ana lie 10 ttlt city. was then presented ia mum
ceisi. toe follow lug features beng presented among
7 many otle-e: In the vaults Of the Royal LIBRARY
| there is a mass of Greek manuscripts which the
Frsnks have neverhad full opportunity to examine;
but il hoped that several docnmrnt' u mucn IN er
crest Ar O in portarce NAV Yet be- Obtained. The pr
yste buildings generally OF wood The an
cient size Of the royal palace has been de-
serted since tie. saUSh ct the JGnlssh'
re-; a. Il the present Sultan has expended nlll)ns
In q e. construction ii palace the shores OF tue
| Posnhorus In a far les eligible position. TIE Turk
ish sabbath To-day an as the jewish md Christian
sre also observed thus there DULY iurr business
DAYS The writing Of the Turk. is read from ri,ht 10
lett but The svsten Of uuercal rotation, which pro-
! e.ecs by dfcimas although differ NJ figures from
ours used, is read from left 10 right Inc turk
lsh stem Of writing Is very coDpcn1'ous, fr5queny
n siug pie geToJ containing h a. several pages Of
our writing AID the l.-t word is often tho key 10 the
meaning Of the whole. The only drawback H. That
'te document is easily understood; and no. IN.
]
with it to explain oraly what il means Letters are
seldom signed the authors Is generally sup
Ied by Bis zeal to atiix which, every geo'lemln
csui,s hbout him signet Inc H'nare; and
CresceIt mainly distinguish the Mosque from
The Church. Tie minLet answers the same
purpose ~ tie cImpInAs or btliry, viz: 10
summon believers 10 worship Bat the sound en-
yoyed is different, a. The Turk does not tolerate
bell save In the Franksh churches, aud one or two
favored Mosques the congres alton Il called together
by human voice, Vi: that Of the Bta>:-tg. The
niLaret l. often beautifully shaped, aud sometimes
80 ct high. Most mosques have only one minareti
but that of Mecca has :, and Sultan Achmed has b.
The on. 70 OF tie Crtsc ~ a. Tue symbol OF tle drA
sh faith, furnishes curious subject of nvestigl
il il found symbol both in Chrstiini'y, Pagan
ism and Isamsm; ~ Fuller said: " The iuqniry would
trouble wise man. but that q wise man would
not b., troubled thegeat The mosque Of Suymsn
the magnificent though lels IN extent than sole Eu-
rouean churches, can vie with any OF them IN exter-
nal msgniticence. There about 100 great nO5qus
il Co iaLtnOple and 700 smaller places OF worship.
The general effect VI the m.narets IS more striking
then that of spires; and when lighted a. night they
preseLt beautiful emp ri. Sermons are preached
In the mosques Fridays they open for prayer
daily. he Gay commences al the gong down OF
tie Sun, thus tie same hour falls at different time
II two consecutive cay. but the Inconvenience Is
romecied b. the hour OF prayer being c .ed by tue
muozzin. These officers generally chosen fro n
an org the blnd-psrfly from charity but still mora
,bsi they may not from The elevation oi the mnare,,
survey What l. doing in the houses beneath them.
The whining and bowling deryIshes were described,
who're isusticirm has been great calse OF tue an
tpahy Of Turks 10 Christians; but y H. a. vol a.
al Other walls Of separation, i rapidly crunollng
away and there i hope Of 2 result which fur-
nshes the bert hope Tor the future Of Turkey, namely
her establishment q tree and independent Iurco-
Christian State.
The lecturer was heard with much attention, and
frequent e1pressions Of Appreciation and Amusement
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DE1rsTlos.-The Philadelphia train, due e,