New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-02-21

Government There vas no power In Congress to make
a compact between the North aud the South. Mr. Web
ser ives guilty Of the aburdity OF styling il
pact. When he spoke Of irrepeaable law Nj Webster
referred the Missouri Compromise but 10 that groa
law Of nature which had placed natural bounlares 70
slavery By ts regulation Of climate and s 10 those pro
ductone TO which alone slave labor could Re probably
ped Where those productions could not be cultivated
slavery world not and where they could be cultivated
II would find il way New England would never have
eboAfhed Slavery II its soil was suited 70 the profitable
growth OF cotton and rice As 10 the question Of power Of
nts he had no doubt lie believed the power Of Congress
over The territories TO be absolute and supreme When in
re oseL oase ID ls4s, he had made speech In which
10 tSserted this power though then well es now,
be considered il Ike many other powers TO be eyeTesed
pucenty, wisely, and with Just sense O. eauav anon
ell the states and people Some time after when he was
in private life in Indiana and rot here 10 dsfsd b;f
the Senator from Michigan took occasion "a non
at speech, and TO allude 10 him no very Complimentary
terms when be read that speech OF the Senator it, terms
burned little in his breast and though until .hen h
never had any asprationto in the Senaie he felt
W9s LIS oesy 20 meet the Senator here and reply to It
in bis presence He felt that neither he nor the senator
could die till that too place then read hi. speecb in
which be styled the Cass doctrine that Congress had no
sovereignty the Territories as sy bundle Of All
surdcs, and that he Petit considered CONGRESS had
such power the Territories they could sell them
into perpetual sayery fhey chose &c &c in his reply
10 this the Senator from Michigan said such doctrine a
better suited TO the Vega than the Wabash Like Sangralo
the Senator frst wrote book the Nicholson letter and
though his prescriptions ana practice such - Kill
all those who used them be must still persist in them be
cause he wrote that book. Tie Senator reminded him OF
a witness who swOre in court that horse was sixteen
feet high and though Informed Of his mistake and that
he meant doubtless sixteen hands high, said Ii sYOre
"to sixteen feet before III swear TO it now. To main
tain bis consistency the Senator persisted in his error
lie reped in detail TO the criticisms by Mr. Cass his
peecb and said that il his opinions then expressed
A. 10 the absolute power OF Congress the Territories
were so abhouent Is to be esteemed by the American
people as infamous he could only reor as he could well
do that those OF the Senator from Michigan have sunk
low in public estimation that neither contempt rid
cule can reach them. lie then argued at length to show
hat CCugrfs Las the supreme sovereignty over the Ter
r.ofies aid could do with them a. II pleased. Slavery
Wascxtludcd by the earliest Congress from the North
west Territory 1t excluded by the ordinance OF
l757 which ordinance was reaiirmed by the fret Con
eress uudey the Contribution aud that reafrma,ion
glproycd by Washington lie arTagned the Senator
nom Michigan, therefore, for questioning the Wis
dom and intelligence on lie men VINO we're IA Lle hri' OO
eress under the Contribution, and OF Washington who ap
proved the act Acts of supreme power and sovereignty
over the Territories passed by Congress anu a-
moved from the day Of Washington down to Polk lie
rred 10 and quoted decisions ill., Ohio, Missouri Indiana
Louisiana and Illinois sustaining the iu force and validity
OF that ordinance, and Of the power OF Congress to sup
press Slavery in that Northwest Territory That otdi
nGnCe was q compact, end could only be rescIn1ed
by the consent of Con yress and the States formed
ont of that Territory Slavery was excluded not
OILY from that Territory Territory but the exclusion
apllied 70 this day TO the States formed out of IT.
Slavery existed in Illinois after her almlss) n but tue
way that came.to be was this In framing her Cons-
tuition Illinois recognized in it the existence OF Slavery
then in hot State and Congress in accepting that Const
tuition with that recognition. consented to It, while ne
admitted the power OF Congress he had never by one word
or line urged its exercise. To pass this bill would be 10
iu forever at rest the Slavery question: and Danish it
nom tie halls of Congress Money would be saved by
i4posng of the agitation N some way Tie discussions
OF it had already cost more than purchasing L'usf'
II he'd caused i'll feeling angry excitement am IN
tense hatred than the whole Territory was worth Inc
removal of this prohibition would b. OF W practical bene-
6t 10 The South Il would be but the removal OF ban
now placed upon her The balance of power between the
North and the South was destroyed forever The North
had full power and might wei ahord to be Just Il no,
M Drnrpu
soon be here free States for admission Uah and New
Mexico would also be free States. With such future in
prospect Why could not the North be at least JUS sup
nose the South bad the power in Congress rs nov
Possessed by the North and should propose that state
should hereafter in without Slavery would not the
North complain and would not appeal to just honorable
ard high minded men to do them such injustice A
oe0eue of his in the House 1lr Mace had oppose the
repeal Of the Missouri Compromise though n his recent
seech he declared that nls4S he supported Mr Cas-
no doctrine Of the Nicholson letter That letter denied
that Congress had any power and took the position that
le Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. HOW hts
colleague of the House could support the Nicholson letter
y hch declared the Missouri Com promise uncOnstitl"n
al ard at the time refuse TO vote or re repeal
If that Unconstitutional Compromise, was something
10 could not understand. lie did not regard
slavery in the abstract as any very proper
just nstitutionbut under the present circum ancese
egClded if emineny beneficial to The negroes Injurious
the master Slavery was to be tAe means Of cIvzng
Africa So far longevity health AMI rapid increase OF
roCeny concerned the slaves at the South were re
narkaby superior TO free negroes at the North horse
Vol attended 10 ana chrCu Tor WOuu lt5l longer ana
% better conditioned than if turned out to grass So with
f c NEGROES When slaves they attended to:heir
wants supplied and in sickness oil the comforts and ski
glich interest and kindness could command. When iec
bov were outcasts, with to attend TO thom lne
roe 10 goe Of Indiana would be far better of if they were
layos The Missouri Compromise or the line Of $3.50
vas not tie act Of Mr. Clay. Under il Missouri was not
omitted, but was denied admission. The real Missouri
Compromise the act of Eel which provided for her
admission upon certain conditions In framing hor Con
tution Missouri provided against the Immigration OF
rec negroes into State Congress refused her adms
ion Mr. Clay pancea for this was the laughaOle act
If legislation admitting Missouri into the MON
mon the condition that her Legislature should
eneo her Constitution. This the only compromise to
Which Missouri was party. Her admission was not n
Price for the prohibition north of 80 deg 30 min for she
yas refused admission for eighteen months thereafter
Tie United States once sold Texas 70 the weak, feeble
Government of Spain and after long trouble and travail
ot Ter back Who doubted the power of COngess TO sell
Dlecon and Washington TO Nicholas of Russia and thus
onsign them slavery ten fold worse than that OF Am
an slavery Thoughthe power could not be DENIED the
Npediency and proprety and justice OF exercising II was
other matter Could not Congress now enter upon any
bic lands in States or Territories and with Gordon OF
layonets protect its OAK for naval purposes guard IT'S
minerals in the bowels of the earth and drive OH al per
ops Sote authorities included who would trespass upon
hem The States of the North west Territory were ad
nted only to equal political rights No new state except
Texas had ever been admitted on an equal 0Oting win
he old original thirteen. as 70 lie lands.
Mr. CASS said that there much in the manner ana
arcuaEe OF the Senator which required reply The hre
u nded bv his speech had been burning II seemed IN TIE
81 no,o breast for long and had day broken
,ut as from a volcano He had written the Nicholson
ecr in which he had taken the ground that ConsTe'3
ed no sovereignty over the Territories That letter hal
cen discussed in the House of Representatives ana
lIuo NJ others by the Senator He MIR Cass was no, Then
n Congress Two years after he took up those soeeches
II fer the other and reviewed them all not AZ might
DC supposed the speech of the Senator alone speech
d he Senator on that occasion he spoke 81 the Stiffness
, sbsnrdv of the doctrine of tie Nicholson letter, and
he Csss had done nothing than 10 defend himself
,v showing that his doctrine alone correct If Con
uess had the power VS. derived rom the
i the Constitution did not give it Congress had no such