The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-12-15


Forvgn Secretary said they had harbor for the
ships which It was necessary recall from the Baltic
ana tnAt me 81 them were s-nt to the West Indies
the most convenient winter quarters available for them
But hc Afterwards inmated that the increased force
was required both as fleet Of observation and acti n
for that the Americans had become such harum scaru
and extraordinary people that necessary TO take
unusual Precautions against them. "Whyo his lord
shiP reported to have sai"wh after the escapAds
Of Creytown, and the pettcoat mission to Dominica,
WHO eau tell but they will undertake to lombard
LONDON, sack Liverpool, and annex Jamsicsp y,
Correspondence Of the North Americana
WASHINGTON, Doc. IL, 1864.
zAs 1arQ Qnssion-cases before tAs S.prsme COurt-
me FLORIDA and Georgia Boundary Line
n'Ie are Indication. tha the party screws ars tobe
plan for the reduction Of the tariff The chief reason Of
the soictue Of the administration in the case Is the
well founded apprehension that it will have power to
enforce its recomme over the next House Of
Representative on this CT any other subject The Pre-
sidsnt and hs Cabinet dthe cooperative democratic
leaders IN both Houses, ambitious Of the honor OF
settling the tariff question entirely new and original
Irinelples just as they settled the slavery question
cannot spesA confidently of the this UNDER
= ing but can state upon cient authority that he
Ctmmiee OF Ways and Means have not yet determined
10 report any bill on the subject The matter will pro-
baby not be taken up In the committee until after the
holidays In the meant me, the House will be tiligent-
~ csnvassed to ascertain whether majority can be
depended upon to carry through under the whip aud
pur OF the previous que on and in obudence to party
ri anything that may be resolved upon in the purieus
Of the treasury department and the council chamber ut
the White House.
The bona iie free traders in the House win oppose
with al their power any settlement Of this vexcd ques
ton u nAt nal and party policy upon the basis III
outhrcs report They have two for their oppo
ton In t'~ first place they say, under the disguise
OF plan for reducing the tariff and diminishing
nue. It really panders TO the preudises and fsaces Of
the protectonts by retaining the high duties those
articles upon which the OF the duties collected
Furthermore, they are not particularly anxious for any
reduction OF the revenue at this time. Nearly all the
genuine free traders traditional Il. They
therefore, anxious to secure Cuba by any aud
the diyporal Of tho wall
know that the objections to that acquisition would
insurmountable and irremovabc with meag-rly sup
piled treasury II 1t cum be plshed ut all they
sre sensible that il only I've done under the stimulus
Of financial plethora. Now thcy perceive that there
has been reduction Of the surplus four millions from
the highest point months ago, and it requires
extraordinary acuteness to discover that before the
nina OF the fiscal year the will fall sonsd-
eraby below the average current expenditure
There is yet another with powerful section of
the democratic party assumed to be favorable to free
trade in opposing the secretarys plan Sugar growing
Is very important interest in Louisiana, Texas and
Florida he duties on that article onerous
than any others imposed by the tariff and less dcensi
ble because it is contended that possible degree
protection could raise the capacity Of production to the
level Of consumption within the Uned States; that
protective duty this necessary Of life must remain
permanent tax on the people.
But one thing is manifest The end Of the free trade
mposture has nearly All parties agreed that,
except in the one point of the Walker ad vaoreu
affair ID dead failure. The country demands leyisA-
tive protection to its industry against excessive compe
tion from foreign industry. When and how this
QueSLlOn3 convent
and arrangement The probability that the whole
subject will go over to the next session, and that
the tariff Of lS42the old whg protective tar-wil be
Mr. Dallas was in the Supreme Court to day. defending
patent Years sit lightly the veteran specua-
tor in constitutional fgments and the probability that
he WI glide quietly into the dusty vale of death with
shadowy consciousness that the constitution will
follow him. its last and best defender Personally Mr..
resist the inclination Taught in rejecting upon the
constitutional dyosyncrases Of the late Vice President
The business OF the Supreme Court attracts less sten
ton this year than last. One Of the most important
cases to be acted upon at this time is the Wheeling
Bridge suit am not aware Of the precise condition OF
the action, but believe that motion il to be made
10 morrow to enter the judgment and proceed to the
execution OF the decree The Court is said to be unani
ousy Of opinion that the act Of Congress- passed with
the object OF arrestng the Decree Is void and uncons
tutional
The State Of Florida and the United States are parties
in o OF disputed boundary which Florida has with
Georgia Florida contends that tho true line separating
her the north from Georgia, is established by
British Commissioners in 1763 Immediately after th,
treaty Of This line begins at the junction OF the
Apaachicola and Ogeechee rivers. and extends to the
head Of the ST. Marys The point in dispute is, where
is the head Of the st. Mary's Georgia claims line
thirty miles south Of that asserted to have been estab
lshed in 17e3 The district in dispute hitherto held by
the United States and Florida, contains 900
market public lands II the claims Of Georgia shall
be sustained the Land unsod will be passed to Georgia,
and the general will be obliged to reimburse
the for that which has heretofore disposed
of
WASHINGTON, Dec. IL. 1854.
The Homestead Bill.
The position Of Hunters bill for the distribution oi
the public lands is not well understood 1t fabri
Gated in the Senate for evadng direct action
conrved scheme for such purpose being made to pass
the Senate, but not to become law, like the
which shave, though not to be shaved WITH and
made to sell and not to be used 1t admitted
by the most supporters Of Hunter scheme that ii
weak invention to kill the homestead, and quite
nefensible as an affirmative and Independent measure
IL cA the home thDuQh IL contains m
single leading provision Of the bill which it superseded
and might well be called the Speculation BILL the
Spectators BILL or Hunters proposals for the Presi-
dency.
This scheme now lies the table of the House, the
senate's substitute or the Homestead. The persons
chiefly concerned in Western land specuatons before
Congress would probably agree to let It remain there,
and all friends OF real homestead plan would rather
throw additional clods upon its head and bury 1t for
ever from sight than aid in revving it. il they not
nAdent Of crushing all vitality out of the project
as taken from The Speakers table.
Mr.. Dawson, therefore, will allow opportunity to
call up the bill to pass unimlroyed, and will probably
succeed In getting before the House on Tuesday the
s a win an or ~ sSs
original bill rejected by the Senate except that section
-hch excludes coored from the home
lawson il important. He will move 10 sfix the nomi.
nal price Of fourteen and half cents per to the
lands assigned as Homestead This will answer, and
the serious constitutional objection against abso
lutte donations think that, with these notifications
the homestead bill will pass, and in this shape it will Of
course completely supplant and SUI supe.sede Hunters
who respon ibe for that curious medley of craft
ingenuity and deception
Hunters invention for some time held up by ths
Virgini . democracy sort OF Hercules club with
which TO beat the brains out OF Know Nottingham but
has been found too light the purpose and has been
dropped. After having been the gathering cry OF the
anti Wise faction for six months, it was not even
named in the convention. The Know Nothngs laughed
ut he attempt divert them from their purpose by
insign fcant side issue.
rCorrespcndence of tho PHILADELPHIA Iedeer1
WASHINGTON, Dec. IL, 1854.
More in Behalf Of the 7d,iT
very earnest move is now making by the Committee
oi Ways AMI Means to remol, the tariff Of ls4G, and
bill win be introduced for that purpose II is, however,
dangerous experiment Mt this period The imptrta-
s'ons Tor the fiscal year ending June ao 1855 win not
be equal TO those Of 1854 and the revenue from customs
may fa of from 40 TO so per cent whilst the expendi-
tuies-f additions made TO navy and army, and
tbe pay Of officers ncress.d-may reach seventy mil
ons II dollars, which would leave small surplus In
the Treasury While is going on in Europe whilc
We contempa ling Il acquisition OF distant islands
while and Cation the point of un-
dereopg entire revolution s to say the least
ceedngly hazardous to make experiments tho reve-
laws Is proposed 10 bring the tariff within the
revenue standard. Very we'll give US another year,