The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1854-01-24


their principles aud their maintenance pledged fortune
liIe and honor and we by adopting tue proposition now
before will announce aud afhfm principle OF vital
importance. r fs4.
Duty as well our ngh 10 take part IN the settlement
OF questions which and in these matters our
power our and pfosIess allow and require
US 10 take an elevated position. We have, ~ fact. the
power 10 lake our own posilon and y Is Ims nigh Inc,
that should have something 10 say IN reference 10 IN
ternaiiona law, aud that 10 the discussion and settlement
of the Sc questions we should consult reason Justice aud
humanity, rather than the musy codes Of WORKOUT des-
polisms. We have declared new principles IN sys
OF ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vitality affecting the rights
of Individuals as Distinguish from The Stale and it is
proper that those principles should DC carried out 10 Their
results.
understand the first resoluon--and that is The one
which contains the whole declaration OF prncples-io
contain three distinct propositions The hfs' is the right,
OF an individual 10 expalrae HIMSELF 10 choose his
place OF residence irrespective at The accident oil birth,
and distinct denial OF The night OF prince 10 track
his subject INTO foreign countries, and there claim as-
dclion him The assertion mat The sezne Of korz-
Ia was ALsga il difecl and positive enuncation OF this
principle. The second proposition is, The right OF this
10 afford protection TO such PERSONS as choose
10 come here and adopt this county their place oil
residence The third proposition II, The approval By
Congress OF the oil Captain ngraham and The act OF
our government in sustaining him. II there is any man
in the House who is prepared TO take this step,
who il not ready TO assume thls position, trust Thai
he will vote against the resolutions understand them
TO sustain these three distinct propositions and believe
The time has when we should, and when We must,
these principles. The Executive branch OF the
government has already done 30 IN the letter OF Secre-
ary Macy. which has 50 often been referred lo-a let.
ter whch lei say, is destined 10 Immortality almost
equal TO Magma Chaua or the DecaratIon OF ndepend.
euce il il is sacrilege 10 compare anything 10 the
Declaration OF Independence. This Letter sir is another
Magma Charia--one that has long been needed--a0
American Magma Charta tor adopted citizens.
II cannot DC inappropriate tor me 10 allade here 70
fact in past history. The war OF 1912 was declared
and fought manly Tor the q Inc American
doctrine OF voluntary allegiance, IN opposition to The Eng
sh dogma OF perpetual and ndesuctbe allegiance, re-
sung from the place Of birth Our merchant vessels
forclby entered and searched 10 take from them
natives Of Great Britain who We're engaged on hoard OF
them; and. in the exercise OF this pretended right Two
thousand AmefIcan-born citizens had been Impressed,
aud were the service of Great Britain at the tine OF
the declaration OF war; and after nshtng two years,
treaty OF pence concluded IN which shsrc was no
disnnc abandonment OF THIS right on Inc part OF Eng
land AS have Increased IN strength, and as public
opinion has exerted lis force upon the legislation and the
diplomacy OF the country, one thing alter another has
occurred which has ena0ied this government to assert
the tights of our CITIZENS abroad and Ill last i'll the har-
Dor Of Smyrna. il was The good fortune OF Capt logra
ham 10 be The principal actcr IN an achievement which
has rendered his name ipsrous, IN declaring and
successfully ydicatng the American theory OF lntena
uonal law IN reference TO This subject
Mr.. MlLLSON. ltseems to me that the friends OF this
resolution unnecessarily create prejudice against II by
atlribung TO The letter OF the Secretary OF Stale posi-.
lion which he never meant TO assume My Trend from
New York has just told that the position taken by the
Secretary of Stale his letter was novel and hitherto
unknown in International history. Now, wish very
briefly call his attention to paragraph IN that letter,
in which think he will discover that the Secretary did
not regard his position as al all novel or nnkhoWn lie
says
The vndicaton Of these agents placed upon any
principle International code, unknown in The
practice u enlightened eona These nations do not hes
the exercise OF the night Of protection TO extend 10
persoas tuo always subjects according 10 their municipal
aws) who clothed with their nationality ana 10 some
they carried h- right Of To limits
which this governnent would not venture, because it
would not iee lusted 10 appoac nor nave any OF these
nations been disposed 70 abandon tho eXefcs OF this shi
from itnid apprehension that l. might ossioy bring
them into an occasional Goliisioa with otuoE po~efs
will not take up the tine OF the gentleman from
New York By reading further. bat will content ny self
BY declaring that this letter OF Secretary Macy has been
very often entirely misunderstood in relation this point
Mr. Marcy SAID that The government OF the United
States bound to protect Martin kpsza, but IN en-
~ instances he has said that they had the night 10 project
him and in saying his he expressly says mat be asserts
a principle not new TO the International coce And the
whole oil the present day usthes him IA say
ing IT, Az this very moment 1! Is question under con-
side ration BY Eng sod and France whether they -ha
inlerpose in the exercise OF lheir sovereign discretion.
for The protection OF the Sultan OF Turkey fetno gen
eman will pretend that The Sultan Is czeD OF either
power that there is any obligation resting upon them,
except In their discretion, 10 afford him any such
protection.
nr. PARKER AK the gentleman from New York
10 allow me Tor d moment
Mr. DEAN. How long does the gentleman wan, to
talki
MIR PARKER Ooy moment think the gentle.
man IRON Virginia MIR MnLsoSl Is aoorng uader
mistake.
Mr. DEAN. must interrupt, the gentleman. pre-
fer to answer the gentleman from Virginia myself.
MIR PARKER. Will the gentleman allow me 10 quote
single from the letter OF the Secretary OF Stale
Mr. DEAN. Well, will hear the quotation.
Mr. PARKER The Secretary says:
This right to protect persons having domlch, though
nalivsborn nHtura1sd cl1cns, rests o. the hrm
foundation 81 justice. and the claim Do procolcd Is
ed BY consdetaon which the projecting power - hot At
liberty TO disregard"
think this Is conclusive upon this point
Mr. DEAN. bad the letlef OF the SecTeisfys open,
and about TO read that precise sentence reply 10
the remarks OF my friend from Virginia Bot he misap
prehends the Secretary. ! was speaking oil the
doctrine OF allegiance subsection, II exists IN Eu
rope, conlTsdsingushed IRON laws that sub
ect and Secretary Marcy, IN the passage which the
gentleman has cited. commenting entirely dill
eren subleohe night exercised by all civilized ma
lions TO extend protection TO those whom they do not re-
gard subjects OF citizens but who. for commercial por
poses or otherwise, have been invested with their
tonality.
The Austrian charge dalaires. on this subject Of allie
glance, says.
la opinion, KoszIa has ceased to DO an Aus
subject Everything combines 10 make tho imperial
government persist In tins estimate OF tne msttor The
laws OF his opposed 10 koszas breaking asun
der has accord, and without having obtained
mission expairinte himself from the authorities Of that
country tho ties OF nationality which biud him 10 IT,"
The American Secretary Of State 10 reply TO this as
sertIoD, answers;
There is great dvesty and much couiuson oI opnioa
and obligations of nlcgnuce. by a.
held ndesUctbe political tie and though re-
sung the accident OF birh yet forever binding
the subject soverei-n by Others IL IS considered
conneSion IN The naufe ol cyll contract, ds-o
ubc BY consent bat at the option Of ciheT
party The sounder ead moro prevalent dootne howevef