The daily union., 1854-07-20

the American and British governments relating TO the
trade and commerce with the British North American col
onies and their valuable fisheries and the probability Of It's
being discussed by Congress wil think justify us in
aplrorrang portion Of the Union in giving TO the
try such information possess ON that question
We therefore lay before readers extracts from Mr.
Andrews United States consult first report 10 The Sec
rery Of the Treasuy3lst Congress I'd session Sen Doe
No 2sin obedience instructions and omtBg several
statistical tables which tnA is worthy The oonsider-
ton of members of Congress
Rspca Of the 7ad ooaere and Resources q t4e British
North Anserscan Colonies. By l. d. AndseTs- Uasssa
State Ccnxul 81 John, Aeg Brunsr,ck.
ST. JoIN, New Brunswick December 10 1850.
SIR have had the honor several occasions, Of call
ing the attention of the government to the extent and I'M
portnce Of the trade Of the British North American colo
nies snd have endensored to show the ekedeny OF adopt
ing such would secure The most valuable por-
tions of that trade TO our citizens.
The proposition informally made by the Canadian gov
for reciprocal free trade certain extent the
cent changes in the navigation laws OF Great Britain and
the movements in the Imperial Parliament relative TO free
trade together with your instructions directing me 10 fui-
nish with fnc;s in relation the British North
American colonial rnde and commerce. have induced me
10 present this question once more 10 the consideration
of the Department of the Treasury at length in the
hope that the information presented may be useful to
the country and therefore satisfactory TO the government
In entering upon the consideration of this matter il
in the first place be understood clearly that the intercourse
between the United States and Great Britain and that be-
the United States and the British North American
colonies have been conducted under regulations differing
very much in their character and operations and in order
to understand the existing differences il win be necessary
to state the provisions of the several treaties conventions
legislative enactments proclamauons and orders IN COUNCIL
which have at periods been made by the respective
nations to regulate their commercial intercourse
The commercial history Of the British North American
colonies be said TO with the pence OF S3
will therefore proceed to down from that period
concisely possible the various public measures which
have been from time TO time adopted either TO facilitate the
intercourse by way Of realaon TO oppose IL for It's
unjust unfair restrictions
The independence Of the United States which for
my acknowledged by the treaty of peace the Both No
vember 7s2 still left Great Britain in possession of
tain colonies the northern extremity Of America and OF
several islands in the West Indies and il immediately be-
an interesting question upon what footing The COM
merca intercourse between the United States and those
colonies should be established.
Immediately after the conclusion Of the preliminary
tices of peace in November 1872 Mr. Pitt then Chapce
lor OF the Exchequer introduced into the House of Com
March, l7s3) bin for the regulation Of trade and
between the people of Great Britain and Of the
United States which had il been adopted would have LAID
broad foundation for perpetual peace and harmony be
tween the two countries
This BILL after declaring in the preamble that the thr
United States of North America had lately been sol
emny acknowledged by the King be free, sovereign
and independent States proceeded first to repeal all the
statutes Of regulation prohibition Of intercourse which
had been heretofore enacted II then recited That the
ships and vessels Of the people OF the United Sres had
while they were British subjects been admitted into the
ports Of Great Britain with all the privileges and adra
ages Of Britisbtu ships that by the then existing
ulaons Of Great Britain foreigners aliens were liable
various commercial restrictions duties and customs
the ports of Great Britain, which had been applicable
10 the inhabitants oi the United States.
The following renarkaia language is contained in the
bill:
And whereas is highly expeient that the intercourse
between Great Britain and The United States should be
abshed the most enlarged principles Of reciprocal ben
et to both countries but, from the distance between
Great Britain aud America, it must be considerable time
before convention treaty for establishing and re-
ang the trade and intercourse between Great Britain and
the United States OF America upon permanent foundation
be concluded Now for the purpose of making tenn
porary regulation OF the and intercourse between
Great Britain and the said United States o. America and
in order evince the disposition of Great Britain
of the most perfect amy with the said United States
Of America and in confidence Of like friendly disposition
the part Of the sad United States towards Great Britain
&c, &c
The bill then proceeded with clause regulate the
commercial intercourse between the United States and the
island OF Great Britain only and precisely the
system Of regulations which, after lapse Of than
thirty years, established by the convention CT 1915
and which is still in force.
With respect to the intercourse with the colonies that
was to be settled on principles equally liberal.
The following were the provisions of the proposed bill
with respect TO the colonies
And be further eaocsed That during the time are
ad the ships and vessels Of the subjects and citizens OF
said United States shall be admitted into the of his Ma
merchandise goods Of the growth produce and
ure Of the territories Of the aforesaid United States with
taton in America to the said territories of the said United
States any merchandise and goods whatsoever and such
merchandise and goods which shall be imported into
ported from the said British nnds colonies, plantations
America shall be liable to the duties and charge
only the merchandise and goods should be subject
hthey the property OF British born subiec
and imported exported n British hbu ships vesse
And be further eaocsed That during all
nbeore limited there shall be the drawback
uons and bounes merchandise and goods exported from
Great Britain into the the sad United States
America are allowed in the Of expectation to The
islands plantations, colonies remaining belonging
to the Crown Of Great Britain in America"
The Earl of Shelburne the minister who had con-
cudcd the peace; and William Pitt prominent nem-
her OF his administration The fragments OF two great
parties which had brought the British nation TO the brink
OF rum united upon this occasion pull down admin
straton whe, had saved the remaining honor and re-
sources OF the nation 4 censure upon the pace
passed by the House of Commons, Lord Sbelflrne
and Mr. Pitt resigned their Offices and ministry succeed
ed formed by The coalition OF Lord North and Chprles
James Fox which, shortivei as il lasted long enough
to demolsh The whole system Of friendly intercourse Will
America which Mr. Pitts bin contemplated and substituted
IN its place the arbitrary will of the Crown
The ACT OF Parliament 22d George III cap l. submitted
the regulation OF British with the United States
to the Kings discretion Under this an ore. IN couu-
Gil was made which placed the commerce of the United
States With the British possessions ia Europe on the ord
nary footing Of commerce with foreign naion but re-
sricted the trade between the United Brit
h colonies to very small number OF articles
red exclusively in British ships This order was dated "a
July, 1882 and IL continued by acts OF parls-
meni and orders in council till February 1888 when the
probition was established by permanent which
took effect from The Sd OF April Of that wear and left the
colonial ports TO be opened closed the viii of the
King.
In 1894 Mr.. Jays treaty concluded. This treaty
opened intercourse between the United States and All
the British colonies in America but with regard to tho
a rnIY r'x.,,.. ~ - l..