davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-06-22

TWO BALES CLEAN MOSS IA large stock of w nc
Il on, Carfiago and Buggy Axles, Elliptic Springs
Hubs, felloe., Spokes. Point and Sand Bands, Patent
Leather, Ennmecd Cloth, broad and narrow Laoes--
and other articles used wagon and carriage makers,
hand nd for snle by GREGORY ROYALL.
hp 22Is
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-06-22
MERCHANTS,
DIILAKD d OGDEN,
Gr0cers 4 Commission Merchants,

Offer for Sale a Large Stock of Groceries
tONSlS IAti in part of the following articles New
~ Oenne Porto Rico aud Coffee Sugers; Java. La
guyra und Rio Coffee. Iron Steel, und Nails of every
variety; Foreign aud Domr-tic Liquorz large as.ort-
of staple Dfy Goods Hate Gaps, Boots. ~ oes md
indeed ever, variety ofgpods usually kept in Greery
house. heir stock Is tho largest Tint il has ever
boen their pleasure To offer the public Feeling
6dent they selss low my house In tho city, they
respectfully solicit al from tbeir friends aud the pub
lie generally, beforc purchasing.
WM \. DfbLARD.
VIM. II. OGDEN
Rpl Cts Opposite the Farmers Bnnk
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-06-22
TERMS.

,s,,N is published daily at 80, and semi-weehly ct
Gi3l v .dvapre No PAPER will be discontinued, ex-
iA ~ ol the Proprietors, until all arrearages sal
surNTs are inserted for 80 cents per square. of
s r d @.GF@ @ @aa %as4 s5s sa @ them sa'9 30
bee, un - ,aryed for each insertion. II the number II
uare WI y ,arked on the Ms, it si be published till
lous L "a psb cbsrged accordingly.
ouI' st' r1Ir YEARLY RATES ARE.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11

Woolen and Cotton Mr33 G0odS.-There
are many who think when they have purchased
piece of ''cheap wooden goods" they have
made great bargin. There never was greater
mistake committed. Thousands and thousands
of pieces of goods are sold in the shape of mar
row and broadcloths. as being all WOOL while
in fact, they are composed of at least twenty
Der cent. of cotton. The latter is mixed and
carded with the wool, and all being dyed the
same colort is very difficult to detect the mpo-
stion. We presume, that many merchants sell
such goods under the belief that they are gen.
uine-composed wholly of wool. The manu-
facturers know all abont the deception, and no
doubt the great Majority of the large merchants
are aware of the fact Also Any imposition
practised upon the community, in the shape of
an article of manufacture deserves the severest
censure. Cotton can easily be detected in any
piece of goods, even when mixed in the pro =
cess of cardng, by submitting a small strip of
of the goods to the action OF a little sulphuric
acid mixed with very hot water. The acid
color of the wool will remain unchanged
There are very few colors, in cotton, but what
are far mere fugitive than those on WOOL this is
the reason, why the warm suiphuric acid solu-
ton is a good test for cotton i'll CLOTH Scien.
tific American.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11

The ENGLISH DoCTRINE OF CITIZENSHIP
A case involving the question of citizenship
has recently been decided in the Vice-Cnancel
Tors court in England, which, may materially
concern the people of this country. We fnG
the particulars of the case stated in the n. Y
Courier and Enquirer, as reported in the Lon
don times of March 6. The case related to the
guardianship of an infant, who was born in New
York. her father being an Englishman, who
had left his country many years ago, and settled
in New York, as "a merchant where he obtain
ed letters of naturalization. Her mother was
formely Miss jaw, a grand dau liter of Chief
Justice Jay. Both parents died, leaving the
child a minor, and difficulty arose regarding
the guardianship in the State of New York
which was finally settled BY the appointment
of a pateradt Aunt as guardian, on condition
that she should he brought up in the United
States. The infant was afterwards, against an
injunction granted by the Supreme Court OF
New York, taken to England; and application
made maternal Aunt to the Vice Chanceor'S
Court to ne appointed guardian, and thus to
be authorized TO bring the child back to this
country. The application WAS denied on the
ground that the infant was British subject,
the Vice Chancellor using the following Ian.
guage:
"rhe father of the infant was a British sub.
ject, and is said to have been, after many years
residence in America, naturalized as citizen
of the United Stated. Being horn in allegiance
to tie crown of England, this naturalization,
although it conferred upon HIM the rights of an
American citizen did not ahSolve him from his
duties or deprive him of his rights as a British
subject. His child, born in America, of mar
riage contracted with an American lady, aud
with an American domicile aud under the pro-
lection of American laws, is nevertheless sud
iect of the Crown of England"
This decision can never he recognized or
submitted to by the government of the United
States, ana any attempt t. enforce it by Eng
land would be sure to lead To serious conse-
quenceS. Something of the same kind OF doc
trine was ATTEMPTED to be maintained by Eng
land, during the war of 1872, by charging those
of our naturalized citizens, who were born in
the English dominion, and had taken up arms
against England, with the crime of treason
The United States properly regarded this as a
species of arrogance, which the English govern
ment is apt to assume, and then, and on all
occasions since when the question has come up,
protest,d against it.
But the decision of Sir John Stewart, the
now British Vice Chancellor, goes far beyond
any thing claimed before. 1t is nothing less
than that all natives of the United States, whose
father or mother was born in English domin-
ions, are subjects of the Crown of England. and
hence owe allegiance to the government of that
country.
Of course such a doctrine is simply ridcu
louS, and it is a reflection on the English Judi
ciarv that it should have been attempted to be
established.- Baltimore Patriot.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11
oCoEE PIKE AND PLANK ROAD
CLEvELAYp. Tenn. Anril A 1874

CLEVELAND, Tenn, April 4, 1854
At meeting Of the COfporators of the Ocoee
Pike and Plank Road, this day holden for the
organization of said Company according to the
provisions of the charter of said road-Present
Jno. Caldwell, T. Ii. Galway, j. Sloan L. w.
Gilbert, d. c. Kenner Sam'l Congdon and C.
A. Proctor. a. E. Douglass, and D. H. Arnold,
Of New DIRK, were paeseut by proxy.
On motion, JN0. Caldwell was called to the
Chair and G. A. PRoCroR elected Secretary.
On motion, voted to proceed to the election
ofthe officers of the Ocoee Pike and Plank
Road, when Thos. Fl. Galloway was elected
President of said road.
On motion, voted to unite the Offices OF Sec
rotary and Treasurer, and SAINT Congdon was
unanimous made Secretary and Treasurer.
On motion, ID. G. Kenner, j. Sloan. Presi-
dent aud Secretary, were made an Executive
Committee, and this committee were requested
to procure surveys of the proposed route from
Cleveland to some point on the Ocoee river. not
far from Shields mills, and locate said road bed
in the most direct and easiest line from the riv-
er to Cleveland.
On motion, Jno. Caldwell, J. Sloan, and
Sam'l Congdon were chosen committee to au-
dit all the accounts and demands made AGAINST
said Company.
On motion, the Treasurer was directed to
open books Of subscription to the Stock of said
road, and obtain sum to the amount of s. 600
On motion, voted THAI the Treasurer issue
certificates on all full paid shares of this road.
On motion, that the President, and d. C.
Kenner be requested to draft code of laws for
this company, and submit the same at the next
meeting of the directors.
On motion, voted that the Executive commit
tee take charge Of the construction of the road
bed, bridges, &c, of and said road aud to di-
rect the future work with q view to permanence
and durability
On motion, voted the Executive committee be |
urged to finish such part or parts of the road as
by them deemed most advisable, and erect Toll
Gates thereon according to the provisions ofthe |
charter.
On motion, voted that the President NAV call
a meeting of the directors of this company
whenever to him its interests shall require, by
notice published two weeks previous to said
meeting in the Athens Post or Cleveland Dis.
patch.
On motion adjourned.
c. PROCTOR, Secretary.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11


British "Consols. AS many persons do not
understand what is meant by "COnsols" which
are always a prominent article in the English
money quotations, we give the following defni.
ton from the Bankers Magazine:
"They are three per cent English stock,
which had its origin in the act of British Par
lament, consolidating thence the name) seve-
raj separate Government stocks called IN the
act consolidated annuitieS," and commonly
quoted for hrevity ''cansos." When she con-
solidation took place the principal Of the seve-
raj funds TINS merged, amounted to 50, 1881,
but by the funding of additional and subse
loans and parts of loans into his stock, it
amnun.ed on the 18th of January, 1896, to
E356,660, 22S. Since that period only one loan
has been raised-that for compensation to the
West India planters in the emancipation of
slaves-e2G.000 O00-and a few millions have
been paid off. The total in January, 1913, was
93l7.s24,9Sl English debt, and e6,l94,874
Irish debt out of total debt of e772, 40l,-
ISL sterling. The stock, from its amount and
the immense number of its holders is more sem
sitive to it's financial influence than any other,
and is, therefore, the favorite stock of the ope-
ration of spectators and jobberS. Its divi-
dendS are PAYABLE semi-annually.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11

The SEAsoY.--The frost has been unusually
severe this spring. The fruit it is believed IS
generally killed. Peaches there will be scarce
ly any. The Apples. in blossom, in some large
orchards, within a few nils Of town. are said to
be all destroyed. We noticed from our exchan-
geS similar complaints in some of the adjoining
States; Kentucky and Georgia. Our farmers
Will hnd It ecesary to Use some protection to their
fruit trees IN future. 1t is rarely now that we
have two good crops of fruit in succession
The loss OF apples will be severely felt by some
OF our farmers. 1t has Low become "A source Of
profit and with some the entire reliance. and
worthy OF our care and atteniton-some wears
ago we noticed as a protection to fruit trees.
was the covering around the roots. with straw.
when the ground was frozen hard in the month
of February, before the trees begin to bud
This 1t is said will prevent the early bloom, aud
deserves trial. American Statesman.
Frosts.-For three consecutive mornings.
Sunday, Monday and TueSdav, we have had
trosts-Monday and Tuesday they were quite
severe-ice WAS formed both mornings. We
fear the fruit crop is entirely DESTROYED. and
that much injury has heau dnnr IN Wheat and
other crops. AT the time We write, Tuesday. P.
NJ, the weather is moderating though very cold
for the season. Augusta Chronicle.
The Fruit Crop.-From the best informa-
ton we can obtain by dligent enquiry from
persons representing the country about this Vi
cinIty, there can be no doubt that the fruit crop
has been extensively injured by the late severe
trosts. All accounts concur in this respect.
Nashville Wing.
FrOstg.-A very cold and frosty morning we
had on Monday last. Tender plants were cut
down and fruit killed to a large extent though
we trust not entirely Destroyed Milledgeville
Recorder 18th ult
FroSt.-There was a severe frost in Column
bus on the night of the 10Th ult. 1t was
heavy enough to kill water melon. squash and
other tender vines and vegetables Columbus
Times.
The cold weather of late has been fatal to
peaches, we fear. We have examined many,
and in some localities they seem to be very
much injured. In other sections they have es-
capped better Chat. Adv.
Frost.-We had heavy frosts on Sunday and
Mduday nights which as far as we can learn,
have killed the fruit and early vegetables
CaSsville Standard.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11

RE- BAKER & WILCOX Wholesale Grocery
Merchants, solicit attention of the public to
their house in Augusta Georgia.
See Also the card of Messrs. JOHNSON, Mil
LER VERDERY, dealers in Dry Goods &c. at
Augusta.
Messers. DUNHAM & BLEAKLEY, advertise a
fine stock of Fancy Goods, and solicit the pat,
ronage of East Tenn. MeSsers. JOSEPH AN
DERsUN & SoS, Merchants, of this vicinity in
form us that they made purchases at these hous-
es this season, and found them all to be liberal
and accommodating dealers.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11
FasEionaBls Young Ladies.-What is the life

Fashionable Young Lddies.--What is the life
Of ,cou}d-6e-f fashionable youBg tadyP
1t is to 20 to a model boarding school, kept
by an eX French milner, to be put into a room
with four promscuous young ladies', and TO
learn in three or four DAYS more mischief than
her grand mother ever thought of. IL is 10 STAY
there at the rate Of thirty per week, for several
quarters and come home 'faiSiteJ" and superb
ciaI, with a taste oF Latin, touch of French,
smatteriug Of Italian, German and Spanish,
portfolio fall OF crooked horses distorted
houses, lame sheep, and extraordinary aboriion5
Of cattle and fowl in general the types OF which
were never found in NOah's Menagerie. 1t is
to sit in the drawing room, in a aouuching silk
dress with a waist half yard in circumference,
be-curled. he scented. and be jewelled, to receive
morning calls, while mama looks through her
spectacles and tries to mend Mademuiselle's
stockings. Ii is to have Mr. Fitz Humbug some
fine day get on his knees, and request Made
moiSelle to make him what she has all along
been desiring, 'the happiest Of men," Ii Is to
wear white satin dress, ain orange wreath,
long Geecy veil. a diamond pin, and respond
Ameul to a quantity of things of which Made
moiselle does not understand the :UI import
1t Is to commence housekeeping where the
'oid folks leave off; tits patronize fast horses,
ruin0us uPholstererS, operas, concerts, theatres,
balls, and fetes of all kinds. 1t is TO bring q
few ,ckly children into existence, to be tortured
into eternity by careless hirelings. il is to find
after few wears probation that Mr.. Fritz Hum
bug is just what his name imports. 1t is to
have an execution" in the house; it is for mad
am to go into histories, and on coming too, find
herselfi in sixth story lodgings, with tight
husband ar,l sr0vr, a loose wrapuer
and crying baby Fanny Fern.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11

Col Benton's iSpeech.-Col Benton made
his maiden speech in the House of Representa-
tives, last Friday, on the bill authorizing the
construction of six stream frigates. He OPP
poses the bill because it is against the policy
of our government to have standing navy in
time of peace He did not believe in the prac-
tice of nation building navy ia time ofpeace,
as it was only built to rot, down. 1t is all a
contest of ship building. We only want ships
for the protection of our commerce, and We
have enough for that purpose now. The House,
however, did not concur in Mr. Bentons views
and passed the BILL n. C. Star.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11

Henry Clay-Sqnatter Sorereignty.-"The
true principle which ought to regulate the action
ofCongresS informing territorial governments
for such newly acquired domain, is to refrain
IF m all legislation on the subject in the terrific
rial form Of government, leaving it to the people
of such Territory, when they have attained to a
condition which entities them to admission as
STATE, to decide for themselves the question of
the allowance or prohibition Of domestic slave
ry."-Nenry Clag.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11

Par Of Erchange.-The following commu-
nication on the par exchange between the Uni
ted States and England, we copy from the Lon.
don Economist:
The present method Of calculating the Ex-
change upon London in the United States seems
to me to he very round about process, when
very simple one would suffice. So long as the
country was dependency-o Of Great Britain, or
conducted its transactions in sterling money, the
mode of reckoning the exchange by a fuctua-
ting premium was right enough, hut when the
country adopted currency of dollars, and made
the dollar the integer of account, The exchange
ought surely to have been reckOned from that
date, at so many pence to the dollar, the same
as in all other countries that have dollar cur
rency.
What does the quotation of New York of eek
change on the London premium" mean? 1t
means As sterling per dollar; but to- obtain
the result You have to start from the nominal
par of exchange of dollars A cents per {,
then add per cent, which gives a net ex-
change of 1 dollars so cents per {, which is
equivalent to As I'd per dollar. How much cas-
Ter il would be to call it As I'd at once Have
the Americans any substantial reason for retain
ing the present method? If they have partic-
ular penchant for the premium" then they
should make the par Is I'd, which is tolerably
near the intrinsic par and upon which a half
penny per dollar, upwards or downwards is ex-
actly one per cent; or they should make it 5
dollars per {, which is nearer the intrinsic par,
and upon which Ave cents, upwards or down
wards, are exactly one per cemt-a vast i'm
provehent upon the running decimal Oh.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11

''Have you ever observed how soon aman as
sumes the Starchiness of his dickey when ''the
people" elevate him little? The lower the Of
fce,as a general thing,the more insolent you will
find the occupant Some ofourpetlank cashiers
PIT on more airs than the Governor of the State;
while we have seen the boss of a two horse rail-
road line more difficult to come at, than the
Judge of Supreme Court. President Pierce
is far accessible than the Secretaries; while the
Secretaries are much more accessible than the
Clerks. The most insoent man ever saw at
the "White House" was footman. The fact
is, the more buck-wheat a mans head contains,
where the brains ought to be, the more he runs
away with the idea that being SASSY and keep
ing his hair slicked up is being dignifed. Did
your ever notice the matter?'
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11

ga We insert this week letter from
prominent member of Congress from Tennessee
on the Nebraska oil. We bespeak for 1t a
careful reading. 1t is due such distinguished
gentlemen that their constituents hear their
grounds for opposition" to the Nebraska bill
before they censure them too farshly. So far
as we have noticed the getting up, and pro-
press of the bill, we confess, we see nothing
therein to be gained by the South, while there
is much tn be gained by the North, in the shape
of new abolition States being rushed into the
Union to vote down Southern measures.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11
From Washington Sentinel.

GOur position, as public journalists, requires
that we should publish the following letters
from the pen of the Hon. jeremiah Clemens,
the one addressed to Nicholas Davis, Jr., and
the other to President of the United States.
These letters, when carefully considered can
not be passed over as unimportant in the pres
ent posture of public affairs. The communica-
tion of the President, which constituted the ba-
sis of Mr. Clemens's reply, is not before the
public, so that an important link is wanting
Yet there is enough to call forth deep regret on
the part of those who wish to restore peace and
quiet to the country by returning to the true
principles of the constitution"
REM ,RKs:-The SENTINEL. is evidently troub-
led, and well it may be, at the disclosures
brought to light by the Clemens letters The
fact made known in them that President Pierce
is warmly in favor of the principle of squatter
sovereignty, and is in favor of the Nebraska Bill
because, as he declares, it asserts that prnei-
pie, as enough to call forth deep regret on the
part of those who wish to restore peace to the
country by returning to the principles of the
Constitution, among which principles, the
Sentinel we'll knows, is not included the right
ola few hundred squatters on territory purchased
with the common treasure of the people of all
the States. to prevent the citizens Of the South
ern States, from removing there with their slave
property. while it remains a territory, and as
SUCH belongs in common to the people of all
the States Nashville Banner.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11

p9 WIN. G. McADoo, Esq, of Knoxville,
announces himself as candidate for re-elec.
ton to the Office of Attorney Gencral for The
second circuit Mr.. MCADoO was elected by
the Legislature two years since for SIX years,
but by the recent act changing the manner of
electing Judges aud Attornies General, etc,
his election is now committed to the soUereigns
of the District at the Ballot Box. So far as
we are advised, he has made an attentive and
Aficient officer
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11

Queen Victoria Fleshiag Up.-Queen Vic
toria, the gossip says, is rapidly filing in flesh,
after the habit of her family Her bust has
become very large, her robe corceals the stout
ness of her person, but that may be surmised
from her full face, ruddy cheeks and unmistake-
able and decided double chin. The dress she
wore, on the opening of Parliament is said to
have been one of extraordinary richness. The
royal attire consisted of body of silver tissue,
the bottom of which in lieu Of houuce-was
fall of silver bullion nearly foot deep. A
robe Of crimson velvet, with tippet and trim
mings, and sleeves of ermine, enriched with
gold lace, and fastened in front with a massive
robe of gold, with large golden tassels hanging
down in 'front.' covered the dress. Round her
neck was necklace of diamonds. I.er ear
rings we're diamonds also. Her hair. as usual,
was in plain braids, and she wore a rich and
very becoming tiara of diamonds and pearls.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11

A bill recently introduced into Congress by
Col Churchwell. the Representative from this
district, and has since become a law, under
which foreign goods may be transported to
Knoxville before any duty is paid upon them.
This change in the revenue laws will result IN
great Vantage to our East Tennessee rail road
companies, as they will not be required to pay
duties on their foreign iron delivered at this
place only as tits used By the companies.
Knoxville Register.
Loudon free press. (Loudon, Tenn.) 1852-1855, 1854-04-11

The Greatest Of Nodeyp Larentions.-The
Penny Post, of Richmond, says that man
siding on Union hill, in that city, has invented
a machine, which throws the steam engine and
electric telegraph competelyin the shade. 1t
is wound mp like clock. and runs until it runs
down. The bait attracts flies from far and near
and the machine either kills them outright by
washing, or browns them, which answers the
purpose just as well.
The Penny Post learns thut the inventor in
tends taking out patient.
We should he gratifed if this son of inventive
skill could adapt his machine to the Staying Of
mosquitoes, for last year, towards the close OF
the summer and early in autumn, these little
and formidable insects attacked all classes of
people, without regard even to high official sta
ton. In fact, the use they made of their bills
occasioned more talk than even the Nebraska
bill itself. or the warlike movements in the east