Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1854-05-09
FrwTuEIe BY THE AFRICA.

the East. will, the intention of .joinir" the army "t
DINER Par!a. have returned, after - >i:"ri STAY III ! on
stnntin"llr. They found IL iml"''Sii'i'' !" gel |" oni'I
Paclla's camp. and such general Reorganization
reisnirl tlIrulgiiuut the country that II was extremely
hazardous Ia attempt amy travelling. McSS!s. Greene
and Quincy Shaw of Boston, are among The returned
adventures.
CONVENTION BETWEEN FRANCE AND
ENGLAND.
Their MaiessicS, the Queen If the United King
dom of Great Britain and lrc!inH, AMI tie Emperor
Of the French, having hcrn compelled, IN spite oi
sincere and pcrscvcrin" efforts I"r maintenance "l
peace, 10 undertake an active par! III Il war when
would otherwise hive threatened the balance "l Lit
rope and the interests al their OWN d"iniiil"i''. nave
agreed upon and signed the following articles:
Article lst.-Thr high contracting parties engage
to do wlla. depends upon them Ia hrln" about Il re-
establishment of peace between HU>Sla ana Tie sub
lime Porte, on II solid aud durnbl" basis, and I" guar
antcr Europe against the return "l those lalnclltahlc
complications which hive Just troubled ;" uiil"rill-
nntcly the general peace.
Article 1.-The integrity "f the Ottoman Empire
being violated 10y the occupation III M"IdavIa ANA
Wniiachin. and other movements al the k''sSi;iil
troops, their MujcsticS Of the Ini!rl Kingdom ol
Great Britain and Ireland and the Emperor "t the
French. will receive tarfc cmpr'SSrmc"D INTO tier nj
lance, for the sukc "f cooperating III the proposed
object, amy III! the other powers oI Europe who may
wish 10 join it..
qucncc of the extension nj the present conventions,
the high contracting parties nbligr themselves mt L"
accept my overture ar pr"Posit"Ii tending +" Il rrS-
SatiuI uf h~nstihtirS, and moi Ia rlicr mi" ANY arrange
men; with the Imperial Court nj Russia, without hay
jlr previously Reiterated upon il i'll common.
Article i.-.inimmtcd by the desire ri muintainin"
the equilibrium Of Europe, md not pursuing amy III
tcrcstcd purpose, the high contracting parties re-
nuuirc, IN advance, amy particular advantage from
the events which may result.
Article J.-IIrir Majcsiics the Queen "i the lnl-
led Kingdom of Great BriiniII. and the Emperor "i
the French, have concerted, nnl Will r"n'i''Tic To con-
cert upon the mcrlIS most proper Ia Ir''' Inc ic:ril"iE!
of the Sultan from foreign inva-lnIi, AMI I" attain the
object specified in article |. They engage. for this
| effect, Ia supply, according I" the necessities ri Inc
war, determined 10y II common n@rr'.'Iirli', Imil ana
sen forces sufficient L" meet them: tie 'Ina'tS' inc
number and destination nj which Subsequent arrange
nrnts will determine. -, =.
Article t-TlIr urc.cnt convention will lc ratified
and the notifications exchanged III l.Irlm III The space
of eight days.
In Iplcdg;. Of which the respective pl"nlpoicntI"r'''
have ,i.srol il, and attached their seals "i Office.
London, 10Th April. ISL. WALEMKE'
NEUTRAL TRADE NOT AFFECTED BY TIE
WAR-ORDERS IN
From the London Times. April !lst.
The remarks VIZ published on Wednesday on lih
question nf trade under the neutral liac. ANA on me
trade nf British subjects with the enemy, wcr" entire.
Y confirmed by the publication "l HE same unf %
| TWO III III Y 'IllIt lie. ih'E' it''
fully carrv into effect the principles for wi'irh we
were cnntcn,limg III the very moment when they made
their appearance. They demonstrate that The ll'ci!-
ton ri the l5Etisi Government Is !" cary on ms
war, as We had hoped, with the lcn-t possible infer
ference with the rights. the industry, AMI the cnmncrc"
of the prupIr ~ and fhry jSrodH,r p,farp|'S '"'o tn
maritime ,"i' ri H0i'DHS "h"h are ""' moi any 10
tr strict Jurisprudence If MS r0"AirH, b"ti0 me- r"LrS
81 fbOH, rLD lure hHh,ItO rOn!rRd'd nDSi '""d|y j."
irrbnf is icrmrd he 'Abcviy oi III" &raS.' The Order i'll
Council Of the 18th ri April, 1871, rrc!:ts, III the first
instance, Her Alnicsiy's declaration made on the
opening Of the war; but ii then goes nh 10 rracl moi
only that the cncmy's property laden on hnarl licu,
trail vessels shall not be seized. but that all neutral
and friendly shall hc permitted IN import int" llel
Mnjesty's dumimions NIL goods and merchandise what
socvcr aul To export everything III like manner, cN'
ccpt 10 blockalcd ports, and except those aitIcir'
wIicl, REQUIRE n special permission, as being contra
band Of war. But this liberty "f trade is M; con
inc, to nri,rnIs. Ii l. further ordered that, with ilIc
above exceptions only, British subjects shall have
free leave to trade with all ports and places wherever
situate save only that British ships are not to hs
permitted ~ enter the ports of the cllrlny. The effect
Of this order is, therefore, 10 harc N" h"tc ~ ms
cOHHiry riN ~drUfr0iS, amt rttH M' HtdTFct h"df Ti"
Russia, in he san" Sidhr Il r"S m d"r1"g P"cc rs JT
as Mn, Ian. N 0ur cOHriS m1rdImt Is cJHccrRrd ana
hr dorfyjm n W'g0i hr0dt"g TH" mr. 'm.my IS al a"
cUd. The restrictions hcncctorii I" lc imposed are
SOLELY those arising out Of direct naval AMI military
OPERATIONS, such as blockade, and those which the
enemy may think fit IN lay upon BRITISH ana French
urpII.rty. AS Tar ~ we nt 'ullC'Fl'l, 'Nt'll IHii
British chips arr not 10 enter Russian p"r:s-whlcll II
j. obvious that they could Int du wltiiul; mourning
the risk of Il forfeiture III their property and the I'M
prisunmcnt ui their crcwS-t!c trade may he lawfully
,arrirrl un in any manner which the ingenuity anu
ENTERPRISE ni our merchants can devise. In order Ia
facilitate the removal nf British property from the
ports of the Baltic and The White Sea, which were
frozen up at the date "f the Order of the 18TH March,
further leave has been given 10 Russian vessels tn
come out of those ports. if not under blockade, until
fh,. 18th of Muy. ~, i'm Iurt, IL ia ONLY bS tHlSllIn ny
Russian ships that British property III iir"sc ports Il
likely Ia Inc removed, rs mcu.rals will IU: enter them
from fear Of the blnck;ulr.
Ii j. not crsy la convey la the mind al uc mcrcan-
tile classcs Of the present generation, VIII" have had
II" practical experience of the .tn'c of war, the extent
Of the c!mmgr which is thus effected III their favor
The vigilance III uur cruisers and the ncntclIcsS al
mir LAWYERS were necessarily employed in all former
contests in tracking. ont the fnintcst scent of the enc
mv's property on board ot every vessel met on tile
seas. The character u! cncmv's property was re-
carlcd ~ M Infection, and rcrro',a,cl with all III"
terms ordinarily reserved for guilry practices. The
mercantile ingenuity nj the country, pressed ny the
Increased demand mud cNurl,tnnt prices nj prohibited
articles. WAS strained to rvndc by every slrrI''t I'll
fruul tlrs. prohibitions, nnl Il warfare Was carried
on within orr courts Of justice bctwr"n the pi;llrSN
cxnctions of the laws of trade. /" nllav III SOME tie
rrre the Inconvenience OF this system. and Ia pro-
vide hv legal means some Of ihnsc cpinilIutllirsw when
it was for the public interest I" purchase the fiISi.lsl
and French Governments were driven, even during
the height of the Continental system, I" the granting
Of Licences. But here again fresh abuses "i every
kind arose. These Licenses were an authorized mode
Of cvuding that very prohibition which the hrIl@r-
rents conceived il Ia he for their interest Ia iilailialil.
They conferred n mulnunlv ol the holder uf the Ii
rcusr which enabled him ~ sell his cargo al fr.hch
wines or French silks at n prohibition price; ana me
laws books of the time nrc still full ni the endless HIT
ratjnu md fraud Ia which these practices ave risc.
From all these evils, We trust that the Order III
Council of the 18th of April has permanently reviewed
Us, and the change it is calculated {" bring about III
the stat. ni war is not al inferior Importance ~ lR't
which marked the transition from Protection to rec
Trndc in the -.utc of pence. The system -! ii'ci"'-
il ut I'M end. for all the liberty "I trade with lie enc
nv which il is in the power al the G"vrrlliliclit ~
confer nj all, i, thus conferred ut once ana nmlscriml-
natrlv upon all: and, unless the RrsslaiI Government
find means Ia lnaintalr il pr"lllhltife SYSTEM on me"
frontiers, we hope that III" supply I'll raw material
from TINT country will not hc reduced I" ''itrci'y: IN
our ewes, it adds considerably I" the vainc ot This
measure that il has mol been cNturtc'l from the '"V.
eminent by popular agitation "r by me c"'nIlann,: u
the mercantile rlnI.cs uf the community, sItiirriiI.
u,ulrr .,rcnt and intulcraIlr evils. Tn the r"lltrlr!
the mercantile Glasses "t The community have hI,lrt'
to shown an honorable and patriot" rri"iincsn I" bri'l
their share. al the burdens "t the war. HE ''"Irrii-
mcut have not welded their recognition 81 The rlGhi~
ur urutrals To- the mrnariny rrmousiraIc's al foreign
Siatrs, combined H. in lIS0 ana lSo", III Tie FORM
ui IN ARMED condition III drirlIc'' al l''iira|
trade. Neither have they granted I" Hrti'S:
subjects this free permission 10 trade III il'
prnlcr:y al the enemy, il obedience Ia the c|hli'r ="
any class. With II more StatrsmnnlIk" prudence
they have anticipated these evils, aI'd havecnd""'"r
cd, as far as lay within their power t" remove 'i'
cnrsrs III them. 1t will. no doubt, h"hr=ticR by t''n'
who look with favor nr the prnlllbltl"r, III war rs Tic
I,., .LrnJ ,f ,,r,,ccti,,. that we are throwing away
one of the must powerful means We possess 81 S''i''''
ing the pride OF Russian empire. by si"pp,in@ II, com
mrrrc and crushing lis productive wealth. But u
the first place, Us long rs We retain aud exercise 10 II,
full extent the right of blockade. especially Hgaiilr'
sIrl, n country ms Ru.sia, this allegation Is untrue
Admitting, lI6wcvcr, that to Il certain extent these re-
luxatinns Of the laws Of war are favorable t" me com
,nrrcial interests ri the enemy, the question Is SIMPLY
whether WI do not gain more than ic can Il" ny IN
cL,umc We, min lic GOOD will nf The neutral Pow
cr., in place OF jealousy and clandcstinc hostility
We reduce us far Ms possible the effects OF war On il'
industry ol this country. We retain rs lhucll AZ pos
sihlc all those sources "f wealth which WIN riiahlc us "
-L-uu L. LLnln rLli uNllIn