davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-05-09

N
~ noiv.nt on his ecbs psr3an the Provisions he
lind c, of Is ara tide o. & Ssh cAtPer Of The pat Of
The Rsyl1fd s'u.ss.
SAMUEL q. WILEIN. noven-So.ics fn, pab'l,sed M.y2
il4(sdlo7s afpsr before Hon sANUEL BELDNc J IN
edce G he vcas q AoEerdGn Nca E5nery C0lny - l. On
l7h d. O. Jsly. sd. = o. C'So,f 10 ~ afternoon.
sIANEk STOW Fly
u.s2IgpeT4 A. o.9ey To- gaso'srss
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-05-09
DEMON Aig-S,rsw foods ilats, &c.--TIoMP
ID ..s Z RnesIER -. l.-.Esa % -. y v Z, - -

a.,ul I'D iy Nssl > j,eTussf- p &, - osrr ~
at t.. tl.-ts- q -44AH JJOD,. hats,
4c .1I % l sf.ror.l . Jazz
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-05-09

IN PURSUANCE Of an Order OF the Surrogate o.
Tho Cornfv of NewYok notice hereby riyen 70 81 per,on
haycz cls agsi ISAAC L. PEfk late o. me ny o. SsN
voDchers
ii'r - - rsnee 10 % Dysoa-.t in the City q New
~. N o efors The JtL of Ap nli D@Led sew-f os-
- is5< " ~ MARGARET PECK, AdnBAaisfFstrx-
t.
New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-05-09
Removals.

~ +. DETMOLD has removed his Office from No
~. 81 Libetty-s- 70 No ls5 Nsshmsiour-
EMERSON u PRICHAltD have TEMPORARILY
II REMOVED &c No. 10 WALLSf.
The daily union., 1854-11-21
From the Presbyterian.
MINISTER'S AND POLITICS.


The good people of this country have usually been great
ly to union of Church and State From present
Indications it would that of alliance is
in progress between the two powers The pulpit in
tain sections has certainly put its fingers very deep into
politics of late New York writer in one of the morning
papers states that there less than nine ad
versed to be preached in that city late Sabbath in
reference to the then approaching State election; and
among the speakers at political meeting held in New
York last week. notice the of city pastors
Neither of these however, happy to say Old
school Presbyterian II is true that the object ostensbly
aimed at the promotion of temperancea good cause
certainly but in this instance connected with political
parsanshp that it impossible for ministers to take
public part without entering the of political strife
We have doubts whether the itself will gain by
clerical advocacy in such connexon and we assured
that mnglrg in platform discussions under such circum-
stances will not add much to the weight and influence of
ministerial character Even those who be politically
benefited by such aid would probably prefer that the clergy
should conne themselves to their appropriate sphere and
to preaching the Gospel and leave the political election
eerng to those to whose province it appropriately be-
longs If ministers may interfere in instance they may
in Others and if they leave the pulpit drag their
garments in the mire of politics, fear there will be
gloomy day both for the Church and for the State
The daily union., 1854-11-21
THE KENTUCKY BANKS.

At this particular crisis the the country when
BANKS are caring IN hand and every class of
muny seems to be threatened with the dire
apnnic, it consong to Kentuckan reflect that amid
the general crash and ruin going around U.S. the
our noble State with the exception Of spccuanp
cerns have whsood the shock and still likely to stand
liked and mmovablc the rock of Gibraltar They still re-
tain the confidence Of the people of Kentucky of tho
business men Of other States and from the that they
have been organized the proper principles
honestly they only perfect the confidence the public
by following the examples which others have before them
and we have no fears that they will do that.
kentucky has been cursed with but few OF the rotten
swindlng like those from which her sister States
arc now suffering and she may thank her excellent
for having saved her from the wthering and bghne nu
ence which such swindling shops His of last win
ter no doubt saved the State from immense and our
whg friends should thank him for the noble which he
took upon that subject Cori"gon Kent"ckian.
II is fact of memorable significance that wherever the
democracy have succeeded putting down the system of
issuing small notes. there comparative security against
the widespread disasters inflicted upon industry and en-
tcrprisc by day-rccurring monstrous disasters.
The daily union., 1854-11-21
AN ELOQUENT LETTER.

The following Is extract from letter written by one
of the Oldest and answering democrats in the South
1t speaks for itself
FoRT SmsrH, {Ark., Nov. l. 1854.
10 the Editor Of the Uaion
The last number OF the Union received here (dated Oct
l2 furnishes article the Detroit Free Press In vim
dcaon Of the If that Of democracy in the
North, General Cass which is hoped will put rest not
only the attack of the Richmond Enquirer but
other editor individual whose southern patriotism out
strips every effort and II the po-
tica leaders of the South cannot afford aaton with
such General Cass has proved himself reliable
friend of the constitution the avehoding States and
leaders TO exact much the Richmond Enquirer OF
allies the North for one, abandon all hope in future
Our whole country divided into action-it is so
generally, and it is in States individually and have
only the beginning The integrity of the democratic
party for the last six eight been supported in its
purity alone by the sacrifice of distinguished leaders of
the party who reside the North by rigid adherence to
principle and manly and unwaverng support of the rights
of the South guaranteed by the constitution.
hope the good of every patriot residing in the slave
States will rOwn down attempt part dictate to
the consciences allies placed under circumstances and
trials of which cannot and should not volunteer advice
much less dictation
proud also, your noble vindicaton of that gallant
old statesman and dipomatist.
The daily union., 1854-11-21
From the Pennsylvania.
THE TRUE CHRISTIAN SPIRIT.

No afford be more tolerant than the Metho-
dist The zeal and selfsacrcng exerons of her timer
ancy enable her, at all times to gather in rich harvest
of communicates VT is her duty be liberal because she
has gathered from all sects and from sect the hosts
in her connexon This will continue be the case so long
they in addressing the multitude follow the direction of
Cromwell to his soldiers fire ow with their eloquence
and exhoratons These must be directed the hearts
well the heads of their hearers Their eloquence must
be tender and subduing coming home to the and
the wishes the hopes and fears of the families and fresdes
of the multitude Incorporate zeal and relentless persecu
ton of any other sect though its doctrines should be
erroneous WILL in the end be disastrous to Methodsm ms
such things in direct conflict with the wise laws of the
God of Nature who wills that Of eUey kind shall
sroy the constitution that temperance would preserve If
were to reprove except those who truly
correct in their views there would be much less censorous
ness in the world but certainly greater of evil
existing Such state Of affairs be expected among
creatures so liable to wrong impressions and ungenerous
impulses AS poor mortals There was One who could
love the criminal while he hated the crime but it is the
misfortune of humanity too often to love the crime while
it hates the criminal perfect knowledge Of the depravi
Of the human heart with perfect pity for its inmites
never co-existed but in breast and find
resting-place again.
The daily union., 1854-11-21

nant denial of Gen. Harrison his Dayton speech that he
opposed TO oil banks that he had had business
with but his life, and then that il cheated
him of every dollar that he worth, facts yet
fresh in the public recollection The democracy will further
remember that whiggery installed in power
than they announced national bank the first in
their programme.
" The late fusion the part of the leaders in
trigus revive federalism its odious The alien
and sedton laws, protective tariff and national bank,
the modest demands of the leaders of the pebad fac
ton which, the elections has been against
the democracy The contest against the of these
fought by generation long since passed
and terrible struggle with the Bdde Bank fresh in
the minds of the who constitute the political
to-day Hence supposed by the leaders of federalism
that the odum attached to those has degree
passed away But they will find that the history OF this
country being sealed book, and there being John
Adams gag laws in force tramme the freedom of speech
press and suppress the reproduction of the political
history the country these ayorte schemes of old federal
sm sought be revived will be made appear in all
their and hdeous deormty revival of the alien
and sedition laws (unde the know nothing creed nation
bank and protective tariff Are the democracy prepared
the enemy with the noble front their fathers
bore? Are they prepared for the issue?
The daily union., 1854-11-21
STILL IN DOUBT.

Although the election in New York took place two
weeks ago, the question still is asked "Who is the gov
ernor Up to Saturday evening we did think that Gov
ernor Seymour reelected and gave expression to
the thought in much more positive language than are
IN the habit of employing but since that time we have
received information in regard the reported action
Inc county cauvasscrs which marvellousy of an in
fenton to cipher Gov. S. Of his election II il said
that large number of sufficiently large to place
Clark aheadhave been rejected by the county
because they read H. Seymour in the place of Horo;o
Seymour 1t remains to be whether the State can
vasses will will not adopt this contemplate bubble for
their rule of action IF :: should be adopted an appeal
no doubt will be taken to higher and responsible
tribunal
The aggregate vote of the State has proved be heavier
than was generally anticipated
According to the Albany Argus official returns from
all the counties except Schuyler and Putnam foot up as
follows on governor
Clark lsl geo
Seymour lsl sa1
ohman l21, ,050I
Bronson 336O0l
Total le4, ,lol
The two counties not included will probably swell the
aggregate to 46s,ooo or thercabouts,
The daily union., 1854-11-21
From the Columbus tCa Enquirer, No'
MESSRS. TOOMBS AND STEPHENS.

We had the pleasure of brief visits from both the above
distinguished gentlemen during the past week The for
mer, graied TO perceive in the enjoyment
OF excellent health Mr.. Stephens regret to say was
considerably indsposed Saturday but is far
lecent be able attend the superior of Chat
ahoochee county this week where he is called upon
professional business
The daily union., 1854-11-21
THE REMAINS nF COY n1rRr

The committee consisting of Col Howard, Maj Jones,
and the Messrs Doyle in charge of the remains Of the late
lamented governor of Nebraska received by
mitee, consisting of number Of prominent citizens
at the Anderson depot Thursday evening last where
procession was formed and the body escorted the Ma
sonic Hail. where it rested for the night On Friday
committee of the citizens of Pendleon escorted the remains
to Pcndleon, and on Saturday last they were committed
to their last resngpace after the ceremonies Of the order
of Ancient Free Masons in the cemetery connected with
the Pendeton Episcopal Church Lightly rest the turf
upon his gravet-Anderson tS o. advocate.
The daily union., 1854-11-21

The wings and abotonists have eighteen members
elect of the Senate In addition they have the control Of
the legislatures in Iowa Indiana illinois, PennsylvAn
Wisconsin, and New York, and may elect six senators in
those States increasing their force in the Senate tvc
four. The New Hampshire legislature which will have
elect two senator's is yet to be chosen The sena4or from
Missouri is doubtful 1t will be seen, therefore, that the
democrats are Of handsome majority in the next
Senate OF the thiryfour democrats certain TO be
bers of the next Senate, all but fourhc from Rhode
Island Walker of Wisconsin, and Houston Of Texaswsre
in favor of the Nebraska bill There will he certainly
thirty votes against any attempt to disturb it from the
democratic side of the House. The wings we have marked
with star are in favor OF the bill-nne in al--whch,
added to the democrats make nearly wohirds OF the next
Senate opposed to the repeal
The daily union., 1854-11-21

From the above 1t will be that twent-scuea demo-
have been already elected members of the SEN
ate In addition to this the legislatures Of South Caro
Florida Alabama Louisiana, Arkansas California and
North Carolina, democratic and will send eight dem
ocrats from those States there being to I've chosen
from North Carolina. There doubt about Caor-
niamaking thiry-four democratic members that can bc
confidently counted upon. Now let us look the opposi
on The following wings and fce-soilcrs have been cho
The daily union., 1854-11-21

John Kngensmth, editor of The Greensbury (Pa) Dem
ocrat died on the llthinst
The daily union., 1854-11-21

From the CincIhnsu EaquiFeF
THE NEXT UNITED STATES SENATE
The following gentlemen all democrats have either been
elected, will hold over, members of the next United
Cfotoo
The daily union., 1854-11-21

The twenty-ffth annual convention of the Lutheran
Synod of Virginia is in session in Martinsburg
The daily union., 1854-11-21

ronIouoIE . \
The daily union., 1854-11-21

The two counties not included will probably swell the
aggregate to 4esooo, or thercobous
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-10-19
tsIes, a-d several P-ivat ta2ser IN Cincinnati
TT sl,d 70 be in r-ecaricu condition.

ss-es, a-d several p-ivat ts,ser IN Cincinnati
TT si's "a be ia r-ecaricu condition.
ASoTsE2 CONVICTION OF EAssLApoHTGR
rohr corccra-, wheeinM or board the steamer
hsrrtbec, was indicted FOR the murder Of man
nimfd Ccyne, tJ striking him on the lead with
Tsspon, At pie. No. II North liver, 10 Ju'y last.
Il appeared tia. .he deceased an gang o. saso
cis.e rcwdies attacked nan named Dunn, mess
nae a. the prisoner, on bis way to g vessel
sbovt twelve O'Clock at night. Iurr er'ec CIT hut
der and called upon Coroo1aa to come 10 lis ASSIST
apce. Corec-aa was in bed, and rushing ost IN ms
s,,,t seized ne nearest weapon a, hand. see"-
nm attacked he dealt one Of the ASA isnts -,
n he head wltha spoke, CT me other v>ea,o,
unicn was nO.exactly Known Coyns's s,raraoiou
removed lin TO shed, where he tav al, r;rh.
xittout any attention, and on b ing taken 10 IA
rcspitai mex. day he died. TIE Jury, without ,eav
irs their sea.s, gave in verdict o: manslaugate
IN h fourth dsgree, which renders the scepy
lisols TO fne Of Six cents, or an Imprisonment
/, exceeding two years, within the dissretlonc
/ sorYt
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-10-19

CBlcKET --fHILA bRLeHiA VERsBs NEW yoKK.
Tbs above match commenced the crcke, q ound At
Hobokon at ton O'Clock Monday morning. The phta.
delphans having won the toss sent TO the wicket
kessrs. George holland AMI H. Hawthorn, sho before
they were parted had succeeded in placing the score
thirty runs, when tho veteran crcteter Mr.. W.
Bradshaw, wont In, and ~ the close Of the innings
risd his bat out with city to his nauie and this
sgsrst the excellent bowling Of Mssss cuyp and Marsh
The batting in this innings, against such bowling, mus.
have been good particularly in addition to Bradshaw,
Holland, Hawthorn. Crossley, T. senior, aud Kuhn-s
player, who bids fair 10 DO enc Of The safest and
most dsshng bstters Of his cub as be is already most
excellent fielder. The innings elcsed Tor Of
hundred and atty eight
New York then went In, and at sanlcvn NeSers. Gas
ties and Porter had scored nne
Play vas resumed At ton O'Clock Tuesday morning,
vhen OF the absence OF Castles and Por-
ter Marsh and spivsy sent 70 the wicko who b..
fore they vse parted, had RIM NJ the score TO the
neghbcrbood Of thirty, when spivsy who hsd scored
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-10-19

WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 1t is stated tina,
the managers Of the Washington monument
which for some years past has been languishing
ON the banks of the Potomac. are abont relin
gushing the work, and turning it over to Con
gress We highly approve Of this determine
ton. II is only proper that if national monu-
ment il to be constructed, as mark Of the
yeneration in which the memory Of Washington
is held by the American people, that it should
be national work, recognized by the approba-
ton and appropriations (Which is quite as neces-
sary) Of Congress. It will then be ,nonu-
nent worthy of the nan,e, and Just ~ much the
act Of the people Of the United States as il the
present plan ofdrumming UP subscriptions conld
be successfully carried out. Aud 1t will also
have this advantage that it will then be ma
tioual work.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-10-19
PersonaI Intelli0ence,

Postmaster General Campbell and Gov McIeland, Sc.
crstary of the Interior left yesterday morning for Bos
ton accompanied by the Postmaster Of this city, and Mr.
Hoibrook, Of the Post Once Department.
Archbishop Hughes, and Bishop Tmon, of Buffalo,
left for Liverpool yesterday in the steamship Canada.
Garfield Dorwn, of Montreal, has been appointed U.
). Consul for that port and has recently received his
erequatar from her Majesty Queen Victoria.
Hon. John Campbell, Postmaste, General, Hon. Robert
NcCleand secretary Of the Interior and Attorney ne
neNl Cushing. are in Boston.
ARRIVALS.
At the ST. Nioholas-Hon II. b. Anthony, r. l.; Hon.
PPsts.Eews y g. ss.snsss.dy Coz; ca%Sfs .nd i.~iy.
K:ss. ATss ys; Hon B ss.aIsa, .iixsps;.
sa sSy ss;'Ss W. eSsSHs Harrison
c..sh Ss y A l.
family s.. Louis; D. 6. Randall q. Navy; D. G. wsrd
and bssRs s;'S .m co. R.s.
Albsny; Edward Riddle, Boston J. 9. Aisms British
r.T,, s.ass S, Pm As sssss. SSsos
4 R Bliss y $, Army Cant: Lopss PSiisdsirha; ]: r
";t s:ss :ss' E:iYtassE 1
Kscss snaiady, posisn Nr. Ripctiss, gsnd.iq f.
ss,s S,et'H . Ss CAPT " & Bushnell San Franssoo
Ha,.n o. G. Parsley IT,. Wilmington, N. c. NJ. Charles
At tho Irving HonseHon Davis Stewart Asssachuse..;
family Th bailey s fIn Rev. Dr. mgss,d ana
F Fsy \ St. ';i sss
r5 5S Ii. AZ. Il. T s,
aolTh Sss9ss Xrs Campbell. Sasat JOIN esr;on, M
From caatos, IN ship saati.sc-xr D NJ oorhie usN
DEPARTURES.
Ssas sss ;ss
dy Madam. srehsnd frsn Ms n c saa
ssss tas'sa ~
YORK Disannss France, Jehn HIATT, u Strange, New
s'sSH ' drss tg sesSss f ~ tssT Sssn
jersey x:nssr Hsn ssss
rurfy Nsy York; Anasrsen. Epgland yr Xtkinson
as;1ls ssSsss ss' s. AZ
3D. hss Rev p assss5
TnsS Sshe K: and san.p " N.w Iss.
Kong sss ss6Sss D sSss Pm;
SS ssn 49, ~ Ria ssm s.a Nine
Eve e9 fa:i s'i "a Sai i've
es.ss@ = "a ssss sSSiaSs f,lsos gds A.
W. Ms1i sss sns fa} Esy ! sas ,y
S.s h,sa miss M sssDsss
hst i've ld hsSd and sn ssrs sss ~;
asIsns uarsce onrtis And lady MIS- Hopkins xustin
Trnw ms.s., lanes French, Joseph Ghddon. 0eorss
eiRss spss Farnha Mrs Henry Mrs Winter, Dr
Ss.es worcester TIC Vaughan and lady, n Heningsr
nno sSy MES Heaiaser REy Charles Chase, Mr. No
i nso%'. nS Mrs wyis MT. Ansosss Srs Warner and
FsS ssy.sushj the ssssm.ep rlora. -.sm M.r:h,
nfs Hsrsb John Bailey and lady, kdmnnd Whitney, Jos
stern ana servant Brown, TeAsdals, Acoastn,
Miss Sassn bailey. Miss Jane g Mccoy, Miss Adeline
Morgan and lady. Alfred, Edwin and Robert Murphy
Wooatridse Gee Allen Mrs. Friend shild ~e iafsats
Mrs Catherine Flyers. stephen Hatrick lady and child.
child servant, Geo Dannenssiser lady and servant
Cssbeys and LADY, FlsshRss, and " ~ ths yersge
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-10-19

Rex AND TIE KNIFE During this yesr
twenty honicidea have been comm tied IN the
city Of New York. This does not speak weu
for the enlightenment Of the ninetee oth century
tina. we hear so much about in the churches,
religious anniversaries, missionary meetings.
lecture ICONS, newspaper, and SO forth.
The primary cause Of nearly all these murders
has been bad rum, and there are two thonsana
people selling it without license. Shut Their
up, III. Matsell, and the Oyer and Ter zinc
docks. will be materially abbreviated
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-10-19

Knex Ahead.-There some Iuen who
shine in whatever they undertake. We do not know
whether KNOX OF this class not for be has AL
ways devoted himself closely to the study msnu,ac
turing elegant beavers that have no Of know
rg At all events he stands A No. as halter, and
all who desrs castor of elastic beauty and finish suou
not fail to remember hs stores 1t No 1913 Fulton street
and under the Prescott House In Broadway
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-10-19

$40 NEW YORK HIRALD-CALIPORNIA EDITION.
r,s United States mail steamship North star, Capt
49,, VIII leave this port to morrow Afternoon, st two
s'saseA, for Aspinwan.
TIA mails for California and other parts Of the Pacs
~ close ct O'Clock.
Tas NKw YoKK WEEKLY Hxnp California edition,
ssrtaiong the latest intelligence from all parts Of the
rood win be published at ten O'Clock in the morning.
sane]e copies sixpence Agents viii please send in
N.sG orders 9 early possible.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-10-19

$50 Broadway.
Immense sucecss.-A Dasusrreotypc In Case
ior twenty, FIVE csnts MccLAvE MERRITT, formerly
Of their new andnove machine, to give daguersotyps
in neat morocco case, all complete for rs cents
Albert II. NicOIay van hold his regular
auction sale Of stocks and bonds this day. at
12i O'Clock at the Merchants Exchange. For further
particulars see his advertisement in another column.
Pianos and Melodeons- Horace Waters, Pr
Ano and music dealer Ii selling 1t his great music
tsbshment 1888 Broadway the largest and finest
msnt Of celebrated pianos and msodeons In the United
States 1T less prices than can be bad elsewhere Among
them are pianos of Gilbert k rs make, with N vh
T1f the beautiful aolisn and pianos Of HORACE WA
have been rented but for short time WIN he soid a
great esrsAins-each instrument warranted To suit
some purchasers monthly payments will be taken cash
paid for second hand pianos. Pianos 10 rent.
National Police Gaxeese.--This Popu,ar
record OF police intelligence, and conservator OF pub
morals and order, Is IA excellent number this week n
Son,shf reports OF four murder trials; also Killing
No MURDER" the NAN Woman" Railroad F7ends :.
s ,l new sslies of Lives OF the Fslons RO3s.
soNEs = IomsEf, agents, los Nassau street. Sold
Ladies' Rnd Chilsiren,s Furs at tsen,n,s. ar
prosdwAyIhe fur season having opened, this attention
OF the ladies ia invited to the large and comprehensive
&c. including every species Of iurs' rsrs AMI common
And all made In the style announced In Paris for
e coming winter GRIMM, siA Broadway, opposts st.
faul 9 Church.
D.
10 the advertising columns particulars Of the sale of the
American Hotel 0s Anu and Nassau Streets Az
tnies, &c. good opportunity for entering into this
most profitable business
Winter Clothing. - Tho Uadsrssgaed Will.
dispose Of the balance Of his stock Of Hr.t quality ready
made clothing, comprising ovsrcoats business coats,
panaloons, vests, &C., at Wholesale prices with veN
re entering the new premises u the old stand No 2a
Broadway, the rst Of February Next with an entire
new stock. WIN. 7. JENNINGS and Barclay St.
To he or NOT to he wen drssssD that n che.
question; but you make up your mind to deal with
SMITH BROTHERS, there will be no question sbout ~
The styles are beyond praise the prices 50 low AZ 70 for
bid all cayn
10 Country Clothing Houses.-A long ssSs-
6shed cash trade Of great extent gives the cothipg
urn OF r l. koGERs Co, great advantages, pur-
cnssrs o. cloths Co., IN the foreign Market and enables
them 70 ooer corresponding advantages ~holssAls pur
cnssers Tor cash at home their Wholesale stock Of fall
- ssr winter chthns Il unusually large ara win b sold
Iesoy money buyers unusually cheap Call and learn
me terms J. L. ROGERS & co, corner Of Falton ana
MA ssu streets, opposite the Herald ofacs.
Sust Recervea-I,OCV Ovsrooass, ~ each
Dress and frock COATS S6--cost originally Sic; 2Oo0
pairs cas- simers pants at eacost 90, last years make
Bills on broken banks Of this city taken for clothing
GEO IEvIE, corner Of Nassau and Bsshman Ns.