Demoine courier., 1854-12-21


such results. need 10 be stimulated OF
checked? Is it not the better rule to
leave all these works to private enterprise
regulated, and, when expedient, aided,
by The CO operation Of S.atess If con.
structed By private capital, The stimulen'
and the check go together, and furnish a
salu,ary restraint against speculative
schemes and extravaganza. But j, il
manifested TINT, with the most effective
guards, there is danger of going too fas
and too far. We may well pause before q
proposition contemplating simultaneous
movement for The construction of rail-
roads, which, in extent, will equal, ex
elusive of the great Pacific road and its
branches, nearly one-,hird Of the entire
length OF such works, now completed, in
United States, and which cannot cost
with equipments, less than s SO, 600, 900.
The dangers likely 10 result from comb
nations Of interests of this character, can
hardly be over estimated.
But, independently Of these consider.
atoms, where is the accurate knowledge,
the comprehensive intelligence, which
shall discriminate between the relative
claims TO these % proposed roads, in g.
leven States and one Territory! Where
will yoi begin, and where end! II, TO
enable these companies TO execute their
proposed works, it is necessary that the
aid of the Gen. Government be primarily
given. the policy will present n problem
so comprehensive in its bearings. and so
important to our political and socia! well
being, as to claim, in anticipation, The Sc.
verest analysis. Entertaining these
views, Irecur with satisfaction to the ex-
perience and action of the last session of
Congress, as furnishing assurance that
the subjec, will no, fail to elicit careful
denomination and rigid scrutiny.
i. was my intention to present on this
occasion some suggestions regarding in
,ernal improvements by the General
Government, which want of time at the
close of the last session, prevented my
submitting on the return TO the House Of
Representatives, with objections, of the
bill entitled an act making appropriations
for the repair, preservation and compile
ton Of certain public works heretofore
commenced under authority of laws but
the space in this communication already
occupied with other matter Of immediate
public exigency, cons,rains me TO reserve
tina: subject for special message, which
will be transmitted to the two houses OF
Congress at an early day.
The JUDICIAL establishment of the Uni
ted States requires modification, and GER
tain reforms in manner of conducting le-
gal business of the Government, are also
much needed; but as have addressed
you at length on both of these subjects
before. ! have only to call your attention
to the suggestions then made.
Ny former recommendations IN rela
ton to suitable provisions for various Oh
jects of deep interest to the inhabitants
of the District of Columbia are rene we'd.
Many of these objects par,ake largely of
a national character, aud are important,
independently of their relation to the
prosperity of the only considerable Or
ganized community in the Union, entire
ly unrepreseuted IN Congress.
have thus presented suggestions on
such subjects as appear to me TO be OF
particular interest or importance, and
therefore most worthy of consideration
during the short remaining period allo,-
ted 10 the labors oil the present Congress
Our fore fathers of The thirteen United
Colonies, in acquiring their independ-
encs. and in founding this Republic of the
United States of America, have devolved
upon us,,her dec endanis,,he greatest and
most noble trust ever committed to the
hands Of man, imposing upon all, and
especially such as the public will have
invested, for the time being, with politi-
cal functions, the most sacred obliga-
lions. We have 10 maintain inviolate
the great doctrine of The inherent RICH.
of popular self government; TO reconcile
The largest liberty of the individual citi-
zen, with complete security Of The public
order; to render cheerful obedience 10
the Jaws of The land, to unite in enforc.
ing their execution, and TO frown indig-
nanily on all combinations 10 resist them;
to harmonic sincere and ardent devo-
lion to the institutions of religious faith
with the most universal religious toiera
ton. TO preserve the rights Of all by
causing each TO respect those Of the 9th.
err; 10 carry forward every social i'm.
provement to the u.termost limit OF hu
man perfeciibility by the free action OF
mind upon mind, no: by the ob.rusive
Intervention of misapplied force. to up
hold the integrity and guard the limila-
lions of our organic law; to preserve sa.
cred from all touch Of usurpalion. as the
very palladium of our political salvation,
the reserved power Of The several States
and of the people; to cherish with loyal
fealty and devoted affection, this Union,
as the only sure foundation on which
the hopes of civil liberty reefs; to ad.
minister Government with vigilant in.
tegri,y and rigid economy; TO cultivate
peace and friendship with foreign ma
tons, and to demand and exact equal
justice from all, but 10 do wrong TO
none; 10 eschew intermeddl;ng with
the national policy and the domes-
tic repose of other governments, and 10
repel it from our own; never to shrink
| from WA m hon the riohta and the hnnov