The Cecil Whig. [volume] (Elkton, Md.) 1841-current, 1854-07-29
OF INCREASE OF CROPS, Sc

RELATION OF INCREASE OF CROPS &c.
(Co.H, ned from Ii Pas".)
asc all available refuse matter in increaS-
ing the fertility Of the soil The efiectu Il ac
conplishment of this object will he difficult
to attain. 1t will require the assistance OF
government and thorough reformation in
nearly every branch of huSbandry. Every
farmer should keep with his farm Il sort OF
custom-houSc account, in Which should be
crcfuIly registered his imports and exports.
Ii he sells hundred bushels Of grain he
should ascertain how many pounds Of each
Kind Of inorganic matter are thus removed
this he may learn from printed tables which
are within his reach. He may pursue the
same conrs. with the milk and other animal
and vegetable products sold. In some cases
strict accuracy will be hardly possible; in
such the estimate should be too great, rather
than too small. At his yearly settlement OF
accounts this stock in trade sold should be
charged to ,hc cash receipts, at its actual val
ne and an equivalent amount OF the same
Kind Of matter should be purchased and al'-
piled to thc soil.
True economy requires this. and no farmer,
after having once pursued such practice,
will abandon it. | speak now only Of the
mineral parts of plants, those which const
t,tr he ash left after burning. The organic
uorions are not so strictly due to the soil, as
they may be obtained from the atmosphere,
and other available sources, while the ashy
parts can be obtained only from the soil, and
must be artificialy returned after their re-
nIovul.
IN 1repnring TIE soil for one crop or rotation,
return to il an equ;roicm for Prery mineral IN
ercdjcn! rcmored IN Inc preceding crop or rotation
7 his rule should he ever before the mind OF
Il c tanner. BY following it he may fully
maintain the character Of his soil and it will
he Necessary to apply, besides this, only
alHmoniacal manures. If the soil is to be
improved. it may be necessary to incrcasa
itsamount of mineral matter; this Gun be done
iUdiciouSly only after the soil has been an
a'yz"d.
Those materials which arc removed in
crops. hut which are not soI in vegetable
and animal products find thcir way to the
minUre- heap, where they must b& protected
from loss. Hundreds of arn-yar2S in this
State have carefully constructed cutters to
carry their liquids to the nearest stre%n or
swamp. and thus, while they sap the riches
OF the farm they show to the world the profit
cacy of our economical and practical farmers.
! think Sir; that badly arranged barnyarlS
are the greatest source Of loss with which our
country is cursed.
Another serious difficulty with which we
have to contend is the one mentioned by Mr.
Robinson at our last meeting, viz: washing
10y rains This Can be prevented i'll most
c1scs. as Mr.. r. s&ys, by level pioughing;
and always ~ understanding, which will cause
the water OF rains to filter through the soil in
stead Of running over the surface, and carry
ing in mechanical suspension the finer parts
OF the soil.
While we recommend these improvements
to the farmer, Mr.. Chairman, we must not
forget that the same laws which affect him us
an individual, exert their Influence over COM
munitics, towns, counties, states, and whole
countries. The internal government of each
of these must, in order to secure economy,
exercise the same care over the constituents
OF the sou. rs is rcVNlICu ol tiic ioliHti' ! ~
General Government affords no true protcc-
tion to the interests of the country, until 1t
keeps at its ports strict watch OF the goillgS
and cou.ings in Of materials which may affect
fertility. Not only arc the elements Of our
soil exported in the shape of grain, ETC., but
vessels every week load with bones at or
sea ports and towns, and carry them to En-
cland where they are used us manure. The
great republic s.struins at gnat and swallows
IL camrl.'' 1t very justly derives revenue
from duties on foreign goods, while it very
iooishy let's mpny times its revenue slip
through its fingers, in exported produce and
wastes, which its proper protection would
avoid. The loss of valuable tcrtiaing mate
rails is carried on 50 impcrccptihly that it cs-
crprs our attention. The sewers. cutters
and vaults, of New York city alone, daily re-
crivc animal and vegetable refuse, worth, as
manure. over ST. 600, being over 81 GOO 600
per annum wasted by single city. This is
at the moderate calculation of two cents per
day for each person, without allowing
ANYTHING for horses and other animals.
Nine -tcnths Of this wasteacould, and should
be prevented. Were | to make Il strictly
correct calculation of the wastes of the whole
country | fear that should be considered
candidate for the lunatic asylum.
fOnrHhiHI aeTt Week