davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
Marine Intelligence.


ARRIVED.
Sept 21-Steamer Fanny Lutterloh Stedman, from Fay
etteville, to w. P. Elliott.
Rankin u Martin; with naval stores
Henrietta, Allen, from White Hall, to Vessel u
Steamer Spray, Price from Smithvle A. H. yanBok-
kelen.
Sept 22-Schr Daniel s Mershon, from Philadelphia to
b. Schr. Blue Nose -, from Turks Island, in bal
last, to T. G. Worth.
Steamer Charles Henry Taylor, from Black River, to A
H. VanBokkeen
Cienfugos bound to Marsees, laden with and sugar
to L. Fiyaw The Amerque encountered the late gale
mast and received other damage.
Sept. 23Br. Schr ]. Harvey, Burns, from Curacao,
Schr. D: H. Baldwin, Sands from Baltimore, to Russell
II Bro, with mdze.
Schr PEARL Dexter from Onslow county, to Rankin &
2-schr Vermont Elliot, from New York, to Kidder Il
Schr: Emma W. Manson from Boston, to Pierce Il Dud-
ley with mdze.
Br. Brig Albert, -, from Boston, to Perce & Dudley
Steam Propeller Equator Price, from Philadelphia, to
Master
Schr. Bsnj Franklin, McFadden from Boston, to J. II
Chadbourn Cos with mdze.
schr. A DeRosset Hallock from New York, DeRos-
set & Brown with mdze.
Schr. Jane n Baker, Somers from Philadelphia, to Geo.
Harriss with mdze.
schr. Laura Whtehurst from Hy de county, to A Nor
Schr Voant, Moore, from Onslow county, to Rankin &
Martin with naval stores.
Schr. Albion, Newcomb from Onsow county, Rankin
& Martin with naval stores.
Schr Charles Roberts, Littleton from Boston, Rankin
Martini with mdze, and leaking 900 strokes per hour Capt
L. reports that the 2st nst lat 80 long a. spoke
Brig koa, (o n from Daren, Ga bound to New York,
laden with lumber whom he boarded and supplied with pro-
Visions &c The ko had encountered the gale the Sth
inst, and had lost foremost and boat.
25-Seamer Spray Price, from Smthvlle, A. H. Van
/ Bokkeen.
Schr. Emily Mankin New York. to Freeman & IIous-
ton : with mdze.
Schr Acyona Ireland, from this port for Philadelphia,
On Thursday morning last off Cape Fear she
heavy blow from N E. lost sails and deck load and vessel
aborng heavily caused her to spring leak when Capt Ire
land bore for this port, with feet in her hod
CLEARED.
Sept 22-Steamer Fanny Lutterloh, Stedman, for Fay
etteville, by w. P. Elliott.
Sept 23-Steamer Sun, Rush. for Fayetteville by Jos.
]. Lipptt
Steamer Fairy, Covert, for Fayetteville by j. E. Metts
kelen.
Steamer Flora Mcdonald, Hurt for Fayetteville by T c..
s. b. G.. Worth
Sept 23-Schr c. C. Straton Langstaf, Philadelphia,
by T. G. Worth; with naval stores.
Schr Lilly, Jones, for New York, by T. c. Worth; with
l2 bales cotton l36 bundles paper 553 bbs spirits tupen-
tine 1894 da. rosin, trunk and box mdze.
Schr Mary Powell Davis, for New York. by George Har-
riss with bales WOOL 46 do cotton 65 hhds moasse I06
bbls spirits urpenne 24O do. turpentine liza do. rosn
Steamer James K. Grist, Rohwel Fayetteville by A.
Steamer J. II. Haughton, Lamon, for Averysboro by X
NJ. Murchison.
-Steamer Evergreen, Creole, for Fayettevse by w H
McRary & Co.; with one lighter in tow.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
CoNwAYBoRo,. S. c.. Sept. goth, 1854.

CoNwAYBoRo', S. c., Sept. Goth, 1854.
meeting of the citizens of Horny District con-
vened in the Court House, on the Sd inst, for the
purpose of taking into consideration the proprlety OF
building Plank Road from Conwayboro' to Fair
Bluff, n. C.
The meeting was organized by calling Col James
Beatty to the Chair, and appointing B. E. Sessions
Secretary.
The object of the meeting was explained by the
Chairman few appropriate remarks
Col. Robert Munro then offered the following reso-
lutions
Resoivcd, That is expedent to connect
with Fair Bluff n c.. on the Wilmington Il Manchester
r. r.. through the medium of a Plank Road.
cation of the Road its location and cost, be published in
compliance with act of the Legislature passed in 1880
Also that due notice of the same be given, IN compliance
with the laws of North Carolina
Resolved That surveyor be employed to survey the pub
lie Road, leading Fair Bluff, in order to determine the
for Plank Road to the from this place
and that he be allowed five hundred dollars for deayng the
expenses of said survey which amount shall be considered
as stock in the Road provided it is built.
ReSOUGd That committee of five be appointed by the
Chairman of this meeting carry out the above resolutions
Col. Munro advocated the resolutions, in master
ly speech, setting forth advantages of the Road and
the prosperity which would result from its being
built After which, the resolutions were unanimous.
ty adopted.
Under the fourth resolution, the Chairman ap.
pointed the following gentlemen as the committee,
viz Thomas w. Beatty, Alva Smith Isaac Lee, DR.
A. J. Drake and Saml c. Johnson.
On motion, it
Resolved That the proceedings of this meeting be pub
shed in the Marion Star Pee Dee Times, and the Whining
ton papers
dered to the Chairman and Secretary.
After which, the meeting adOurned
JAMES BEATTY Ch'mn.
B. E. SESSIONS Sec'y.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
ARRIVAL OF THE ARABIA.
farce Days Later from Europe.

Nav YORK, Sept 2l.-The Royal mail steamship
Arabia teegrapbed below at one o'clock this al
ternoon, and reached her wharf at four o'clock She
sailed from Liverpool on the 9th of September, and
therefore brings three days later intelligence from
Eng land and all parts of the continent.
The news, although not important. is of a highly
Interesting character.
Cotton was dull and dropping. Since the sail H..
Of the Atlantic, flour has advanced one shilling and
wheat three pence. Corn had declined sixpence-
In the other leading articles of the Liverpool market
material change in the quotations.
The sales Of cotton at Liverpool, for the week end
ing Sept. 9, amounted 10 $4,000 bales. According to
Alctlenrys Circular the quotations the same as
per Atlantic
The London money market continued in very
easy condition. Consols closed at 954-no change
SEAT Wharf.-The artillery and troops
having embarked for the Crimea, the gratest anxiety
Is felt as the time approaches tor intelligence respeC
ting the first demonstration against SebastopoE. -
he latest despatch from Vienna state that the allies
were r"pIdly approaching CrImea. Marshal ST. Ar
maud LETT ConsantInople the I'd, to take command
of the allied Amy.
Austria does consider the refusal of her ultima
tum by Russia as IL CdSuS beiL
The advicGS from Asia of ali important charac-
ter. The fortress OF Bayazd had been blown up
The CIrcaSSlans under their celebrated Chief Scha-
myI, had taken the Russians in Georgia completely
by surprise. They destroyed upwards of two hun
dred villages.
Orders had been transmitted to the Baltic for mne-
date return to France of the French troops under the
command of Marshal d Killers.
The Russians were preparing 10 burn Odessa,
GalaZ, lbraa, and REM, in the event of the allies
forcing them to abandon those places
! MIscELLANEoUs,-lt is believed that neither
Austria nor Sweden viii recall their ministers from
st. Petersburgh.
From Prussia we have nothing new.
Affairs IN Greece are assuming Il more tranquil at.
titude.
The people OF Hungary are in very agitated state
and Tears OF another revolution are apprehended.
! Poland is also in disturbed state.
No more fghing on the Danube.
! Spain is tranquil. There is some vague rumors
relative to interviews between Mr.. Soule and Espar
tero, in regard to the purchase of Cuba but they
not be traced to responsible source.
! The Paris papers filled with accounts of the
fetes and reviews at Boulogue, in honor of Prince
Albert and the young King OF Portugal and the 9th
er royal visitors
! The weather continues favorable in England ant
the continent for the gathering of the crops which
prove to be very abundant.
The cholera is subsiding among the English and
French troops.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
Sept. %, 1854
VALUABLE COTTON FACTORY AND ,f,rrs mol,


SALE. TWIN
1NHE undersigned PURSUANT to Order of the 49,
court of Equity, will offer to the highest bidder H
the premises at the Falls of Tar River in Fdoe E
comb county, about mile from Rocky Mount lono+ -
Wednesday the LIST day of November next the AT6Py
AND MILLS owned by the late James S. Battle and W.;
thereto The said Factory has been worked for many va
in the spinning of Cotton Yarn and now in full onerat
being we'll fitted with every kind of machinery necessary
that business and having and substantial stone dam
which has been recently erected at great cost Near y tho
said Factory there is GRIST MILL with FIVE n3ir o
stones, which IS likewise in full operation and also SAW
MILL, which has been in constant use great number Of
years, with Circular Saw recently nut IN With f
acres of Land on which are located FINE bWETTJNE
together with other buildings suited for the habtaton ~
Overseers and Operatives With said Factory and Mil
will be sold SEVERAL SMALL LOTS OF LAND ono
Lot of 80 acres suitable for furnishing timber for the
This sale presents to the capitalist fine opportunity for
profitable investment.
At the time will be sold, Lot of 6 or acres on tb
north side of the river, which is A STORE UOITSF
Also, Lot of one two at Rocky Mount Depot IN
which is also Store House Likewise, small piece Of
piney wood land, about two miles from the Falls If I00
Terms-the purchaser the Factory and Mills will be re-
qured give bonds with able suretes payable four equal
annual nstalment with interest from the day of sale
The purchaser of the other property will be required to
give bond with able suretes payable in nine and eighteen
months with interest from day of sale.
KENELM H. LEWIS, c. VI. f.
Sept. 22d, 1854 3-ts
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
LARGE TRUST SALE.

DY virtue of two Deeds of Trust to me executed tb
by Dugald McDugald and the other by Mary McNo1G
and Margaret McDugald for the purposes therein snes
SHALL the 10th day of October next expose to I
sale on the premises of Maj. Dugald McDugad in tb
county of Moore, about ~ 'ne
THREE THOUSAND ACRES OF LAND,
Most OF which Is situated Immediately the Plank P,
between Fayetteville and Carthage about 80 miles from I
former and II from the latter place Several hundred
of this land fertile productive and we'll adapted to
ing purposes The main body heavily tmbered with %
of the best quality in the Southern country LARGO pe
Der of urpentne boxes have been recently opened %
them having been worked only the present season n
them than this and the last The anJ' VI
well watered, and upon of the tracts and
on the Plank Road, is large and commodious Me-
House in process of erectonbeng all covered in also %
large kitchens finished, with good and substantial b
chlmneys besides many other wel-constructad ontbA
and 2O or 30 good and substantial Cabins for
turpentine hands. F'''es ana
At the same time and place will also sell two LARGO o
new WV i'rSe and
TURPENTINE STILLS
All with the most perfect and complete arronyamot
six ROAD WAGONS, all new, and ofthe yery h anu
als also four head of HORSES and eighteen Ina
MULES-most of them very likely-also much other ya
aole property, too tedious to enumerate. "
Hs he sale will be continued from day unto dav nr+r
all is sold. - ~ "dJ' until
. TERMS: For all sums of ten dollars and under cash
or all sums over ten dollars credit Of six months will
glVen-the purchaser giving bond and approved surn "
Sept %, 1854 . G e.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
Sent. 22d. 1854
FOR SALE.

ga THE subscriber will offer for sale the % day of No
4 vember next, all his Lands in Baden county, on Ellis
Creek miles from Cape Fear River containing between
about so (which is cleared drained and under cult
vaton the balance of which is good Pney Land well Tim
bered with two crops Of Boxes from to three years
with good barn and comfortable dwellings, high and
healthy with excellent water good Well and neverag
Spring ALSO good location for Turpentine Dllery
as there is in the County. At the time the prem
Uses, all my stock, Mules and Wagons, Farming mpl
ments, together with Household and Kitchen Furniture
Conditions made known day of sale.
Sep. l, 1S54-52-3m*l JOHN n. McCOLL.
Fayetteville Carolinan copy months.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
Aid to Savannah.

Our neighbor OF the Herald has already received
some contributions, and is prepared to receive and
forward more, for the relief OF our suffering brethren
OF Savannah The object is good one, and appeals
to the kindest sympathies of people on behalf of
sister city in her distress. Push forward the move
ment. Those who can't give large sums can give
something.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
MARRIED.

In Bladen county by J. H. Clark, Esq., the Goth of
September, Mr.. JAMES w. MESHAW, to Miss: SARAH
RANSOM Also, at the same time and place by j. II
Clark ESQ.,, Mr.. DANIEL MESHAW, to Miss LYDIA
JOHNSON. all of Bladen.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
NOTICE..

THE Subscriber, having qualified as Executor upon the
Il last Viii and Testament of Emanuel c. Bettencourt,
at Sept Term 1884, of the Court of Pleas and Quar-
all persons indebted to the said estate forward and
make OF the same; and also notifies all persons
having claims against the said estate present them
the Subscriber within the time prescribed by law or other
wise they will be pleaded in bar of their recovery.
WILLIAM G. BETTENCOURT Executor
Sept. 18th, 1854 2-4t
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
1850 ACRES OF LAND FOR SAIL

THE Subscriber, being DESTROYS of moving the West
offers his lands for sale, lying in Sampson county,
South river, The lands adapted to making Turpenre
and Timber There is good Saw and Grist Mill, good
dwelling and I'll necessary Out-houses the place. The
place heahywaer good and good society in the neigh
borhood.
Any person wishing to buy lands would do well give the
lands and premises look before buying elsewhere The
ments will be made easy and accommodating.
Cypress Creek, Baden County. d. w. CROMARTlE,
Sept. 22d, 1854 Bpm
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
NOTICE.

1H1E SUBSCRIBER, having qualified at the September
Term inst Of the Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions
Tor the County of New Hanover Administrator with the
Will annexed of Mrs Elizabeth H. Ashe, decd hereby
gives notice to all persons indebted to said decd to make
said decd to present them legally authenticated Within
the time prescribed by law, otherwise this notice will be
pleaded in bar of their recovery
THOS H. ASHE, Administrator
Wilmington, Sept 10Th, 1854 ll-3t-3-3w
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
NOTICE..

TNIE SUBSCRIBER, having qualified, at the Septem-
Der Term nst of the Court of Pleas and Quarter
sons for New Hanover County, Administrator of Mrs
Mary Mcintosh, decd hereby gives notice to all persons
indebted to said decd to make immediate payment and
all persons having claims against said decd to
them legally authenticated within the time prescribed by
law otherwise this notice will be pleaded in bar their
cOvery. THOMAS F. ROBSON Admir-
Wilmington, Sept 10Th, 1854 ll-3t-9-3w
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
NOTICE.

THE SUBSCRIBER, having qualified at the September
Term, inst, of the Court of Please Quarter Ses-
sGns for the County of New Hanover administrator of
indebted to said deceased immediate payment
and to all persons having claims against said deceased
ed by law otherwise this notice will be pleaded in bar of
their recovery. MILES COSTIN, Administrator
Wilmington, Sept. 10th, 1854 ll-3t-3-3w
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
NOTICE.

A September Term Of New Hanover County Court the
the estate of James M Finn deceased requests all per
sons indebted to said estate make immediate payment
and all persons having claims against said estate notified
them within the time limited by law the
will be plead in bar of their recovery
JAMES H. MEREDITH, Administrator.
Sept 18th, 1854 2-6t*
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29

81 AND Committed TO THE JAIL, of B ads1
"a County, negro man, who says his name IS ~ n
n VILE, and that he belongs to VIM. D. Whg lo y
~ Chowan county, and is hired to Mrs ChurcneG{ ~ 10
inches high dark Completed and says that he at T
in Brunswick county, Shaotte when he left unus
man by the of Mcdonnell. The OF SAID hest
hereby notified to forward prove property pay law
ges, and take him away he will be dealt with as t
directs. H. WIIKERSON, iaho. a
Sept %. 1854 j.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29

HE LATE RIOT AT NEwARK.-The Hon. Rod
man NJ Price, Governor of New Jersey, has issued
his proclamation, offering six hundred dollars reward
for the discovery of the person who killed John Nc.
Carthy in the recent riot, and also reward of three
hundred dollars for the apprehension and conviction
of each and every person persons employed in aid
ing or abettlng in the breaking into and destroying
the property of the German Catholic Church The
proclamation concludes follows:
at should be to all citizens of New Jersey subject
of deep regret and modification that holy sanctuary
has been ruthlessly invaded in the usually
ed city of Newark and in view of the dangerous
and disastrous consequences likely to result from an
offence so humiliating and subversve of the peace
and good order of society, and SO vioatve Of the
Christian respect estimation, and sacred reverence
entertained by our citizens for the House dedicated tc
the worship of Almighty God and the principles o.
free religious liberation recognised by our constiu
ton and laws, do hereby enjon all magistrates anc
other officers entrusted with the execution of ths
laws to be viglant in detecting and bringing 10 pun
ishment all such offenders; and [ invoke all gooc
citizens to cultivate by pies of moderation ant
forbearance, feeling of order and harmony in tn,
community
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
NOTICE..

THERE will be MEETING held at the Store of O. NJ
Friday the 18th October next to take into consiie
ration the property Of making application to the Legs
laure OF North carolina for act to establish
out of parts of New Hanover Sampson and Duplin
ties All persons who feel in matter are So
hcited to attend. MANY CITIZENS
Sept Is 23t
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
ADMINISTRATORS SALE.

THE SUBSCRIBER WILL OFFER AT PUBLIC Al T.
i tion Thursday, October 10Th 1854 at the late Fe
dence of James NJ. Finn, Decd in New Hanover county
the pershabe property belonging the estate Of the a
ceased consisting of HOGS CATTLE, SHEEP, llC hi
FARMING UTENT1LS and HOUSEHOLD and MI
EN- FURNITURE. Terms made known the day OF sa'
JAMES IL. MEREDITH, Aa III.
Sept. Is, 1854. ~
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29

i&HHA WILL BE SOLD at Public Auction, at the Court
E House, in Kenansville, Duplin County on the IT1
me day of October next, TUESDAY of Court week. II
not previously disposed of at private sale the store
and Lot in said village occupied by Mr. g. A Newell
Terms at sale. Sale positive and title warranted $1,000
B. F. GRADY.
Wilmington Sent. 81 1854 3-H
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
NOTICE..

PPLICATION will be made to the Legislature for
"A Charter for PLANK ROAD from WhitevilIe Depot,
III the w. NJ Il. R., to Iron Hill Cross Road in Column
ous county.
Whiteville, N. C. Sept. %. 3--5t
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29

FOR SALE, AT LONG CREEK BRIDGE,
THE STORE-HOUSE AND LOT belonging to &
the Temperance Division there. 1t is good stand Eli
for Store.
For particulars. enquire of either of the subscribers
Long Creek. JAMES F. GROOM J C;+too
WILLIAM H. STOVALL, Commute nan
S S. SATCHWELL,
August 29tb 1854 3O4-6t--52u
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
Seed Rice.

The Savannah Georgian learns, upon authority
titled 10 great confidence, that the loss of the rice
crop the Savannah and Ogeeche Rivers, by the
storm of the 8th inst, will be fully three foTths
the Altamaha about one-ttird, and on the Satla,
nothing. On the rivers between Savannah and
tharIcston, the probable loss may be estimated al
about one half. On Friday last storm was prevailing
in the region of Savannah from which further dam
age to the crop is feared,
1t is evident that the absolute loss in quantity is
very great, averaging fully one-half of the whole
cropbut that is not the only loss. Even of that por
ton Of the crop which has been saved, all or nearly
all, has been or less damaged and rendered I'M
fit for seed. That which cut hoated of, and
that which standing injured by the wacr.--
Almost the only exception of any moment is upon
the Cape Fear, where we learn that the quality of
the rice is unusually fine and totally free from dam
age of any kind. Would it not be as we'll for our
planters to bear these facts in mind in saving their
crops. Advantage might result themselves and
others.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
w. s. MI. RAIL ROAD.

w. Nj. RAIL ROAD. Jore-
VEMP & BONHAM, Merchants and DistierS AZ &c Tur =,
IN boro, n c., prepared for the purchanS barter
pentne at highest market price, either for taSn m
Sept. 7th, 1854 Z-5t-ID--
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
NOTICE,

NOTICE,
PPLlCATlON will be made to the next Legislature O
"A North Carolina for act to incorporate Union Acade
my in New Hanover County.
sept 10 2-5w
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
MY WHEREABOUTS

THE subscriber would take this method of inform ,
friends in Dupn, Wayne and Sampson and his Ms III
quaintances generally that he is present engaged 10
store of Mr.. A. B. McCALEB, Market street. near Inc
Dock where he will be happy to wait all who NAV
him with cali Goods will be sold low and no or
to please. JACOB w CATS
Wilmington. Sept. I'D 1854 81.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29

THREE MORE TERRIToRIEs--A plan, it is said. is on
foot for organizing three territorial governments
in the Indian country south of Kansas TO consist sew
orally of the Cherokees in territory, the Creeks in
another. and the Chocktaws and Chickasaws in third
This plan has been sent out to be cavassed by the
tribes concerned, and who, under it, to be cons,i-
tuted citizens of the United States. At the last Sen.
ate bill was presented by MIR. Johnson, of Arkansas,
which embodied the features of this scheme. The first
territory is Cherokee and will include the Cherokees
Osages, Senecas, Shawnees and Quapaws; the second
is to be Muscogee, and will include the Creek and
Seminole tribes; and the third named Chah-ta and
will include the choctaws and chckasaws.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-09-29
Hon. JAS. L. ORR, House of Representatives.

Coal PRosPEcrs.-The New York Herald says
We learn that great number of heavy consumers in
the Eastern States taking advantage of the new reci-
procty treaty, have engaged the Picou COAL in con-
sequence of their being able TO procure at cheaper
rate than the Pennsylvania anthracite is at present
furnished: We also learn that a great many manu-
factories in this city and large number of steam.
boats are substituting the Lackawana for the anthra-
cite, which latter they have heretofore used. One
steamboat company in this city, which alone consumes
upwards of twenty-six thousand tons annually are
now laying in their winter stock of bituminous as
substitute for the ordinary stone COAL which they have
usually consumed.