The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-08-21

WITH y tse strictest eoeeo.y n shsir land yslsL
The ssme exTerseeoe which hes brousht tksa =
acre. Isyabls IN ave snsasi instsimsnts' tIst ~
in.truceso them 70 view the pubic lands q q .
value without colonisation, has alss led them .
gSsIa very nsY .sainss any useless oocupase Of
IL II really valuable. Monopoly has been In Csusda
. great public instructor. Hence apparsnt,vSsss
arisen the double consequence which IL nov Nv.
0,ed IN TIE law and the practice Of that cslonv:-
First, that the people ought to have the pabAs
lands as cheaply few were permitted to acquiro
them to . considerable extent-that Is to say a.
nea, u as possible for nothing; secondly, that g
their value arose from bona fde colonization, NO ono
should be permitted to occupy moro thas no osn
use, az d. accordingly, the utmost extent purchas
able FRI m the ate by single person, was fixed Is
two buocJed &C, es subject 10 an annual percentage
surate ss beginning to the ways and means ofe
new settler.
4 lard monopoly was created in Canada by tho
very act which WAS selected as the model for our
Gated by a high tory administration. mot only de-
signed that Canada sh0uld be hagfidden By an
hereditary peelage, but also be oppressed BY gi-
eantic lard monopoly; and though the former do
sign tailed, tie latter succeeded; 80 the model Is
more betitrg the purposes Of our squatter states-
men than perhaps many persons supposed whoa the
hereditary peerage clause was resumed for the bcas
fit of Australian freedom, nearly century after the
y
foulest spirit of toryismall those principles which
render its very memory 0etestabe ct the present day
were comprised in that model eDactmeat. II de-
signed TO reproduce the abuses of ages In Engisnd
all at once npon the virgin soil Of Canada To per-
pttuate whatever monopoly and class domination
were found alre ady in existence, this enactmsnt
ordained an hereditary peerage and to "a ne up an
Established Cnurch, 1t created new and vase
land monopoly. The notorious Clergy Reserves were
the fcrnc alton Of the new established church, oas-
seventh Of the public lands were appropriated to
this huge cause Of religious Iancor and political
STRIFE smcDgst the peaceful coonists and the eaacs-
ment was even to large extent Retrospective. Up1m
the erection OF every township or parish reserve
Of oneseveDth was msdc, besides an equ,val. mt
therein or elsewhere Of oneseventn for Settlements
made previous to the passing of the act. Millions Of
acres were thus appropriated.
1t would be beside our purpose to write q narra-
tive OF the secsarian quarres produced by this dis
position of the public domain. Wnilst all merely
claimed participation In the spoils, the assaults
upon the vested interest were not very formid. ble.
As bar to the progress OF colonization 1t was anoth-
er question. AS monopoly usurping large per
ton Of the public lands 1t became a grievance more
intolerable than even when tho colonists after the
example Of the United States, acquired concep.
ton OF the principles Of more liberal isnd system.
Concessions then began to be made 10 the public de-
msnds. the reserves were stript in enc yea. oflo0
ing the public clamcr. But TIE people were not to
be brlbed out of their full right They did not
want lind SO much as they wanted Q now land sys.
Life OF death where many times that quantity stal
:emsiaed Incorporated. they wanted the right
to selet for themselves to institute whatever pnoe
they thought fit and the concession Of 100 900 acres
ives only evidence Of tie retention Of the main bulk
Of Inc property.
BY an enactment u titled by the Imperial Pasiisr
ment the power Of syokiDg the reserves was ct Last
conceded to the demand OF the col0nists, and evea
the new and cheap land system to which We have
alrescy alluded is eating the heart out OF tho old
monopoly.
We have supplied one Of Mr. wentvorth9 no
markable omissions when that single-minded 0ou-
stiution maker took the Tory.ridden Canada Of
l79l for the modern Canada Of 1858. He and his
friends have already oppressed the colony VITA
more enormous and more stringent monopoly than
Instead OF one seventh the squatters have got the
whole public lands in their almost exclusive occu-
patton. We have only to follow the precedent Of
their own selection for suitable means Of redress
be opened for sale, a. the monopolists yielded In
Canada, instead Of the patches that are grudgng1y
surveyed in outof heway localities, still tho csio-
nists Of New South Wales would have the Same rsar
son and vastly more to insist upon their unli mied
right Of selecting for themselves, and Of instung
. cheap land system.
In opposition to Ills right the squatters are oaly
ieasehoders and their Leases are OF no avail against
the agricutuist according to the authority Of the
Duke Of Newcastle.
The rule of limiting the purchase Of the laud in
every instance in proportion to toe extent of it's cul
tivation s en- example of public economy which it
win be particularly necessary to enforce here upon
the rcce ding footsteps Of our monopoly. For with
out this, reduction Of the pr Of land would only
convert squattng into the possession OF the fec si
Ple But by this means the natural barrier would
be drawn between squatting and agriculture. Asuo
person would purchase fertile and arid land under
condition Of FORGETTING all unless certain per cent
age Of Il al were brought under cultivation it, would
follow that the fertile lands would fall to purchasers,
leaving the remainder to be taken under lease ~ q
present, for the use to which 1t peculiarly adapted.
The Censss OF Great Britain or 1851.
TRn AGES, CIVIL CONDITION. AND OCCUPATIONS or
THE PEOPLE.
The of6cisl population tables Of the census of
March 3lst, 1851, are at length completed BY the
cent publication Of two bulky folio volumes, fun of
tables in small tyre, and fguree setting forth tia