The true Democrat., 1854-05-16
The GadSden Treaty.


 the telegraphic report that the Senate has, at last, acted favorably upon the treaty with Mex leo. Though the injunction of secrecy still veils its proceedings, the terms and provisions of the treaty, as adopted seem to be very gene rally understood by the public press. It has been much altered and amended from the orl- gina; but, if the statements made in the papers are correct and doubtlessly they are, it IS sub stantially the same as when submitted to the Senate by the President. The leading features have all been preserved.
 That the treaty in its amended form will be accepted by Santa Anna there cannot be a doubt. He is not yet very firmly established in Mexico, and unless he procures the means to support his doubtful authority which this trea- ty supplies his dictatorship will not be of long duration The treaty is somewhat altered it is true-the quantity of territory ceded and the amount of money to be paid, are both reduc- ed, but the principle-the basis upon which it was made, remains unchanged We pay less money, but we receive less land, and the ten millions stipulated to be paid, will be no small tenn in the doubtful and precarious situation of the present govern ment of that distracted and unhappy country.
 By the provisions of the Gadsden treaty. we very happily dispose of two difficulties one involved in the 11th article of the treaty of Gua dalupe Hidalgo, and the other in the dispute for the Messilla valley. Regarding our title to this important strip of country as sound and clear, 1t was the determination of our government to claim it at all hazards; and had Mexico declin ed to arrange the matter by treaty and persis ed in her opposition to the claims of the Unit ed States, war would have inevitably followed But by the treaty, and the payment of ten mil lions of dollars, we not only acquire the peace able possession of the Messla valley but get rid of the onerous and expensive duty of de- lending the Mexican frontiers from the incur sions of the Indians
 Not one of the smallest benefits obtained by the Gadsden treaty is the recognition of the Sloo grant, under which a railroad across the lsthmus of Tehuantepec will be constructed by American enterprise. This railroad is looked forward to with the deepest interest by the whole commercial world and particularly by the Southern States of the Union. Until the construction of railroad across the continent, our communication with the Pacific will be car ned on almost entirely by means of this 18th. mus route. It is scheme of the most impor- ! {o,o+ olo IL have been completed and put into operation, but for the many difficulties thrown in the way of its projectors by the Mexican government.
 But the feature in the treaty possessing the most interest for the citizens of Arkansas. is that by which the title of the United States to the Mesila Valley, has been cstablished- Through this strip of country the cheapest and shortest, and by many thought, the only rail- road to the Pacific, can be built; and hence the deep interest with which the dispute about its possession has been regarded by the people of the South. The acquisition of this territory by the United States dsarms the enemies of the Southern route of the cir chief argument, and 1t places the question of location in such an attitude, that it will be controlled by the Texas and Arkansas grants of land
 In connection with the ubject of the Pacific railroad, the Cairo and Fulton grant of lands appears in it's most favorable light Arkansas occupies rather central position and by the fortunate location of its projected roads, giving to the North and the South each a terminus bp ifio hot Fulton or Fort Smith, is divested of it's sec tional character. By means of the Cairo and Fulton road the North as we'll as the South will be thrown into direct communication with the Pacific ocean.
 This is what gave the Cairo and Fulton grant its great strength upon it's passage through the House of Representatives, and is what will, in the end, build and put their road into operation. wealth and capital of the country, road to the Pacific free from all those sectional objections that will attend its location upon any other route or through any other State This, we think, glance at the map, and a knowledge of the various projected roads east and north east of this State, will fully demonstrate; and with this view of the matter, we are satisfied that the Cairo and Fulton grant could not have been improved upon. It is not only the best bill that could have been passed through Congress, but it is the best that could have been framed. It gives to Arkansas all she can desire It de- cldes in her favor the question of the location of the Pacific railroad, as the possession of the Mesilla Valley decides the question of its con- structon.
 HoN A. HAYs.-We learn that this gentle man has received the nomination for State Se- 1 nator Tn the district composed of Conway, White and Jackson counties. /
 Col. Hays served in the last House of Re- presentatves and proved himself an able and efficient member. Hei is democrat of tbe old school and his long services in the party cnti- t1oh ,f,,