Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1854-04-28

''' sPa"c a'iu non OAR loosen
the soil TO the pan, or dead earth.
perhaps Is or Is inches, according
TO the depth Of the soil. Do not
loosen deeper than the soil extends,
as this would induce the roots down
where they could not extend them
selvee laterally, but, ia time, would
fail for lack Of food. Roots should
be induced laterally, as in that d.
rection they are to receive their
nourIshment. Perhaps il may be
necessary TO return part of the
good soil at first removed Gom the
hole, that the tree shall be planted
no deeper than IL grew in the nursery.
Then mix the manufes and loosen
ed soil evenly together. II the hole
be too full to receive The tree, part
of the prepared earth may be remov-
ed. Broken bones, rags, old leather,
turf, or any enriching substance may
be placed in the outer part of shs
hole. These will become ,lecom-
posed and fiji food for the roots in az
ter years. Place rich, fine, pure soil
an inch or two deep upon your pre-
pared soil, tina, the roots may not
come in contact with the manure.
IL the soil be dry, wet the roots Of
the tree, and set il in the hole no
deeper than il grew before. A straight
edge will assist you in the operation.
Most trees are set too deep. The
roots are planted where nature never
desisned--below the genial infiuen-
ces Of the sun, air, dews and light
rams; and in fact below the upper
soil from whence they should derive
their sustenance. Let the tree
branch or lean N. w. The wind
will right il and perhaps lean it to
the east, as nearly all the fruit trees
in the country do. Place the roots
as evenly about the hole as they will
admit, that they may shoot, and the
tree be supported, in all directions
With the hand pack pure, fine, rich
soil about the roots, keeping them,
especially the fibrous ones, in their
and true position. Fill in
the rich soil, and manfred soil, if any
there be, until the hole be nearly
filled. If the soil be dry, especially
in the spring, pour in a gallon or two
Of water. Complete filling with tho
poorer soil, and raise il some four
inches about the tree, il in the
spring, that when the earth settles
here may be no hollow. II in the
fall, raise cone Of earth about the
Tree eight to ten inches high, 10 pre-
vent the mice from girdling them.
This Is sure preventative, as mice,
in quest Of food under the snow, will
'hun such an obstruction. Ii water
be poured in. there is little need Of
lreading the soil. II not, tread care
fully with the foot.
Prune the tree, having reference
20 the future top, taking of about
half the last years growth. IL trees
DC small, or high and lumber, and ex-
posed TO winds or snow drifts, set a
take, TO which tie the tree with q
istlng or leather string tackled to the
rec.
Well, my trees are now set, and
veil set, what shall | d /, for them in
u,nre? Yes, they "are set and we'll
et,' and have cost you something:
'ut they will repay hundred fold.
There arc manures and pulverized
oil about their root, TO accelerate
heir growth and bring them rapidly
D the bearing state. One Of these
rees is worth dozen set in the "old
ishioned way"-a sod turned up,
he roots crowded in without man
re, and the sod turned back upon
hem
You have still duty towards them,
he performance Of, which will CO.
ear you to them, and they will bless
on in your basket and barrel while
fe shall last. Young trees should
c mulched, to prevent the sun
'om heating, drying and baking tho
oil, to prevent weeds aud grass from
bringing up, aud TO cnliven and en-
ch the soil as the mulching decom-
oses. Any substance which will
ccomplish these three objects, may
Q used. Leaves or turf from the
,rest, seed hay, vines, cornstalks,
lraw or oats may be used advantage
usIy. A covering Of earth should
e applied to proven, the wind from
isturblng them. Turnings from the
the, spent tau, or even shavings
'ake a iolerable mulching, by adding
she's and lime to hasten decomposi-
on and neutralize the acids.
But the most available and valua-
|e muIching material is muck. Far
ers cannot to highly prize il for
Il, purpose. II can be easily carted
! sledded from their swamps aud
eadows and 3 or 4 bushels Of il
aced about each tree. When it
rs lain l or 2 years, add 2 quarts Of
'hes and one pin, Of lime, and spade
in. The spading operation enliv-
rs the soil, and destroys the sward.
may be heaped about the tree late
the fall to prevent depreciation by
e mice. Straw or other litter must
, removed in winter, or the mice
i'll nestle in il, 10 the destruction Of
e tree.
Above all things, horned cattle
ust be kept from young orchard.
hey will tread down the soil, chafe,
owse and break the young tree;
"A l..s~o,, II I At M one MA nj m