The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-12-13

coast which Of hte had become GolgotfA iennauding
| legislation in behalf Of humanity.
Under the operation Of the previous question tls hil
was passed. by yeas 126, nays 49,
The bill authorizes ne Secretary Of the Treasury to
establish sdditonal stations along the coast Of Long
Island New Jersey and change other stations with
the view ~ giving effect to this 1t likewise pro-
vides for the appointment Of ksrs and general
perintendent
PuSEASG FORGERY x.p MAIL RosslsG
Mr.. GREESwocp, (dem.) Of Ask., offered resolution
which adopted instructing the Comr.ttee Of the
Judiciary to repsyt bill at early day, providing
punishment for the csme Of forgery and the depreciation
of mails Belonging 70 the United States in the Indian
Territory.
The House went into committee on
THE INVALID PENSION BrLL-sPEEcH or Mr. wAIBRzpaR ON
RsPEALISG THE DUTY roRKmN COAL
Mr.. wAIBRIDeH, (dems) Of N. Y, said-If any apo
logy necessary for calling a this the attention of
this House to the resolution directing the Committee Of
Ways and Means to bring in bill abolishing the duty
on foreign COAL 1t must be found In the universal de
mand FOR this common necessary Of e and in the in
justice and impracticabty Of that pcrnicous system
Q; legislation, which seeks to hoard up, by an ndirec
government to the detriment Of the commercial nd
business interests Of the country. Every days expe
renee demonstrates that the true policy Of this govern
meni to regulate the q the country SO as to
equal ze as nearly possible receipts and
peDdituIes Although many eminent citizens predictsd
the inability of the greatly reduced tariff Of is4s to
yield sufficient revenue to carry successfully the
fiscal affairs Of the government their antcpations have
not been realized and large have been importa
tons, even that tariff has filed national
treasury to Plethora and led to undue accumulation
OF the public money drawn unnecessarily from the peo
pie, and locked up from circulation. So far that
tariff was advance toward the free trade principle 1t
meets my unqualified commendaton II has vindcated
the wisdom by which it brought into existence It
has triamphantly served the purpose for which II
expendures and the 70 az s
sulting from the war with Mexco-a war by which
territorial surface has been so much extended-em
bracng region OF country unalng in its yield of the
precious metals, and opening to new avenues Of
trade BY wch the industry and genius Of the people
everywhere quickened bringing corresponding increase
to the general wealth and prosperity Of the republic
But we have arrived at period in which
great commercial cities of the Union are now suf
fering under heavy pecunary disasters Com
hsye mere'a ovsr3raSsa c9nnaence gone obvious we
prudenee yet the present is state Of things which hu
man forecast under the recent tendencies Of the times
could not have anticipated is not for this
cason to trace out the unlocked events Which have
trbuted to produce the state Of monetary
exists and 10 imperative duty interpose for its
relief to the full extent Of our constitutional ability
ending the s0th Of june A. D. 1854 are estimated &C
cording to the official report from the Treasury De-
Our exports for the same period SS4
Leaving balance against us. ....... . 500 121 317
to be quidated by Of freight and accrung profits
silver.
The from customs, public lands, &c. for the
Expenditures for same period, exclusive Of the
PuDhc oeot.. 5lOlS,z40
Thereby leaving surplus revenue of 49, s22, ,5sl, ,45s
The estimates for the last year amounted to-
The excess according to the Presidents message Of
more than twenty millions being apphcabls to
600, to meet the stipulations Of the third
article of treaty with Mexico, form part. Suppose,
then our receipts are set down for the coming year at
$40 600, which, In my Judgment will not be mate
rally lessened in that in the next succeeding
years, should the existing tariff be continued ana
regular expenditures at $3S 400 0OO would have an
surplus $3l 6O0 and after taking
margin annually Of $l1 ,250 oOo to sink
s45 Ooo we shall stili have Remaining surplus Of
500 100000 unnecessarily withdrawn from circua-
nifty, and to this extent useless and unnecessary tax
upon the people In times OF financial difficulty like the
present II is the duty Of Congress reduce the public
expenses to the lowest point that will enable govern
ment TO conduct the public business, and at the
time reduce the public taxes by enarsng the free list
of foreign imports particularly in the Of e
and where the burden of taxation falls heavily upon
every branch of human industry, and comes home to
traverse this question in its length and BREADTH but
respectfully invite the attention of this House to
represent largely represented, in common with the
whole country and in regard to which the existing tariff
and thu. y
saries Of fe 1t has become within the last Fifteen
twenty years. Previously, the uel used in domestic
affairs timber, and the employment Of coal for
chinery purposes was inconsderable. The advance in
the mechanic arts, in motive power by the universal
application Of steam railways and ocean and inland
navigation, has entirely changed relations to this
important articen fact has revoluonized the age in
in schedule Of the tariff Of that year. subject to
ad valorem duty Of thirty eenequivalent to forty
five per cent taking into count the cost Of freight and
charges its value In the counryand IL there in
pany with theH luxuries Of lfejsae porter beer, and
articles embroidered with gold silver other metal
standing the annual consumption of coal in the
| United Stanes has reached, at this PERIOD about
g. sry q hs s s sss
place Of consumption, showing that the people Of
the United States are paying 70. this one OF the great
per aunum, under tariff levied upon them which,
herenbeore stated is full As per cent protection Nor
is this protective principle Of legislation respecting this
great necessary Of life of recent origin. For find,
since the formation Of the government heavy rcstrc
article.
In 1879 the tariff on coal per ton Of 2s bushels was SO
| cents, or % per cent on its value.
In 1900 the duty 81 per ton, being IS per '''
In isio, same duty, our inportstions reached 4csc
In 1915, after the war, and under duty Of $2.sO
or 1le per cent on the value per ton, we i'm
In 1920 under duty Of :ilo per ton, being IS per
In @ ON nth IL vaus an, o %s % we mc::i:d
In 1880, with the same duty, We imported 6s,5sl
| In 1885, under the compromise tariff Of 1888,
with duty say of 81 40 per ton imported. 5997s
The protective tariff of August 30 1842 continued in
force until the present tariff took effect tst December
| 1S46, the duty coal reaching 81 rs per ton.
In 1s4s importatons reached ............. A1ss
1874. ............................ 87073
........................... 85776
1646. l56863
And under this tariff Of 1st December 1646 impor
| tations have been . follows
In 1S47 .148 OIL
1S4S.. 1896 les
1S4o.. .198, 213
1850. 189 439
1881 H,,...................... .2l4,77a
1882 52....................... 1s3016
1s53 Observation-Disclosures. .231 sos
1854 Observation-Disclosures. 252865
During the four years last mentioned have import
ed aggregate Of 8S2 1872 tons valued according to
treasury statement in my possession, certified November
a. 1854, at 17o or at general average Of four
years. 81 % per ton and the aggregate duty paid
the S6Ql 053 TO- The scarcity Of fu6 and the