The true Democrat., 1854-10-04
Paper machines are never built under cer-

ly III mills where there are only few engines. In such places the production of paper will be doubled by the introduction of the straw pro- cess from the fact that the 75 per cent. of straw pulp requires no washing at all, and only half the beating of rag pulp.
 The price of rags has been constantly incfeas- Ing, and an examination of the state of things. shows that 1t will increase. MT. Beaumont has collected some very reliable statistics relative to the amount ot paper used in different coun- tres lie states that France, witha population ot o,oOOOOO, turns annually into paper lO5,- oO tuns of rags Of these, 6,OOO tuns are inn ported In that country the exportation of rags has been prohibited by law since 1850.
 England with 28,OOO,OOO of inhabitants, re- qulres yearly, 9OOOO tuns of rags, 15,OOO of which are imported.
 The consumption of paper in the United States is said to be that of England and France added together. There are used here 6OOO tuns of straw for wrapping paper and paste boards, and during the last few years the i'm portation of rags has averaged 10000 tuns. In 1850, Italy sent to this country 5000, and in 1853 only 2OOO, this deficiency being con- pensated by importations from new places such as Russia, Chili and Peru.
 Mellier's process of bleaching applies to all fbrous substances, but it has been found less expensive with straw than with barks. woods gunny-bagging, flax, hemp, seaplants, the re- fuse of sugar-cane, etc. In other words. if has been found that straw flores are more easily bleached than other flores; and as straw is rais ed everywhere, and as rent and labor are paid for by the grain, (35 pounds of straw for fifteen pounds Of graln,) 1t happens that it is the least costly substance of all Some persons have objected that this new employment would make the price of straw rise; but a glance at the statistics will show that were all kinds of pa- per made in the country entirely from straw, it would not require more than one and quarter per cent, ot all of the straw crop. But it can never come to that since rags, cotton waste. etc., having no other useful purpose will have to be sold to paper makers whatever be the price,
 There is very little difference in the value of the various kinds of straw for paper making: rye straw IS the best, wheat next. and oat straw the poorest
 Another invention ofMr. Drayton, of Brook. l lyn, \. r., Is paper made from sea-weed and grass, without any admixture of rags, or other material. The peculiarly of his discovery is mode of preparing the pulp, by which the silex and other unsuitable elements, are removed. 1 An article, made purely from wood, without t le addition of any other material whatever bv 1 J utluS 4. Roth, chemist, of New York, has been turnel out from the mills of Palmer 6, omtns, at Lee, Mass, who have decided that Valuable printing paper can be manufactured rom chat material, five cents a pound, less Llah rag paper.
 Willow bark, as a material for paper is sug- geSted by Dr. Crane, of Waterbury, Counecti- cut, on the grounds of its great abundance, plia- | hlli 1I ho reduced to cottontsh consistency. The bark he recommends, is not that of the common osier willow, but the tSirca Pal,strts, which he de- scrbes as an insignificant shrub, of rapid growth frequenting moist and often worth less land, and attaining night of some five or six feet, with main stock, of from one to two inches in diameter. The woody portion, is covered by thick, tough, tibrous bark, easily stripped off, that constitutes nearly one third of the actual weight of the shrub. When recent 1 ly cut, 1t can be easily withed, and even tied into knots, without breaking. The bark alone when properly prepared, would, he says, no doubt form pulp equal to linen, and the whole shrub, would form material of no mean quality
 l Another material, into the mystery of whose manufacture, or component parts, we have not yet been admitted, Is in course of preparation, | by the celebrated chemist, Dr. Antise late of Dublin, now political refugee in New York, in connection with Mir. Nolan, who has invented a mill or press, for the purpose of manufactur- ing this pulp by an entirely new plan. He announces the production of an article of paper pulp, which claims to supply the grand desider- alum. The Long Island Vindicator describes the invention of these gentlemen as possessing two valuable improvements. First, in the in- trOduction of new substance, from which pa- per may be wholly, or in part, manufactured, and which will reduce the cost of the paper 1 pulp down to less than One-half at the outset- a material which can be readily obtained, in any amount, and at all times Second, by the me chanical arrangement for the manufacture of paper, from this or any other pulp, which is superior, in simplicity of construction and amount of performance, to any machine at pre- sent in use. It is capable of turning out five tuns of perfectly finished paper per day,-dried, sized and calandered, and the sheets finally cut in the mill to the required size. The appara- tus for sizing, in this new paper mill, is far su- peror to that in use. In it the paper is singly sized; each separate sheet having sides sepa- rately sized at the same moment gives it vast superiority over the present vat sizing; for by the common method, the feting property of 'hN P"POi 10 NCouoy ou WLIlc Dy Iuc NoW Ild- chinery the felting power is preserved to the paper, which is thus increased in toughness and durability.
 larger sheet of paper-that is, paper of greater breadth--is produced by this new ma chine than by those in present existence, and presents the, e,appearance on leaving the mill, of thin sheet of cream colored vellum Thus in three important qualities 1t has advanced be- yond the present machinery, viz: in the size, firmness and beauty of the texture of the article produced.
 The paper mill is so contrved by mechani- cal arrangement as to give greater certainty and perfection in the performance of the work re- quired It is capable of grinding over five tuns of raw material into pulp each day. Those mills can be put up complete, or in parts, to su.t the necessity of improvements required on mills now in use, which will make them capa- ble of furnishing five tuns of paper per day, dEled, sized and callandered, ready for the warehouse or printing office and cut to the re- quired sizes.
 The machinery for making the paper has but few attractions, excepting the arrangement for