Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1854-08-25

SruEDl'IE OF i'HE Ms


SlllElDl IL ~
na,,,JL Ia me TTrgju:G .S.atc irr,cHNu'ai S0ri'I.Y,
EEu. tt tgnual .Wt,fing and EIa'bitiom Of N0re"'-
bcr, 1851.
EXPERIMENTS REPORTED ~ WRITING.
For the best series ofr1pc;imcuts, each series t"In-
rludr not less than cigl; different particular matters
of trial, observations, measurement, or accurate esl'.
mite, or COMPARISON of results, aud IN al, I" Governor
less than four acres of lard-on any one ot inc ioiio"-
in. general subjects:
Effects lin profit or inssl Of the usual mode III IN
wing corn fodder, by stripping the grC'M bia,ir. ara
,r,,i,,r oI The tnps, "A premium of the ral!c al SOIL
>. Co,t and effects OF sub-cil p!ongning' under differ
cuf circumstances u: soil Uui suhs"ii, 81. y. Acton.
or nnI-ariiun, al lime ~ manure above Inc ihils "l
IN. ,iIr wafer rivers of Y irgintn. on different soils, ou.
4 ,r,ion of lime or murl, or n"n-action, below the
t,lis ui the tide wafer rivers "f ' irIiiila, on different
.n;ls. 40. ). The Use aud effects as manure, on Varl-
,us non. caicarcuus soils. in tn mountain ar western
rrciun of Virginia, Of either true tor clay mnrl, or
~; the calcurcUus tufa Tor trarcr!inl there called mari,
the ;Itc;rui or recent drphslic al limestone water, j'.
u. Action ~ non-actlun OF gypsum, below the ialis OF
the tide water rivers, and on different soils, respect
ivclv originally rich NH originally poor; and on The
LATTER after rs we'll rs before being Innde ca.cGrc6Is,
20. :. Action, ~ nou-nction, OF gypsum, above the
falls OF the tide water rivers at Virginia, Tor all west.
ward on various soils, OF different textures. consti;u-
ton and degrees Of original fertility, ~. \. Action,
or uom-aciiun nf the tertiary gyis"ous Garth, or green
.sand rarih, OF Virginia, OF various soils aid crops, AZ.
=. Action or nul-artiuu ui "oiivc cartlL,' or other fer
iili2ing earth, everything or accompanying mari III
large quantity, and over extensive spaces, 80. ~.
Cos; and effects of bone dust, ~ phosphate OF lime, as
manure, on different soils and H.: different crops, ~.
II. Benefits and products OF cuano compared 10
costs: 20 be tested bv not less thnu ten different cS-
vcruncn,s nude under different circumstances Of soil,
crpu, season, &c, 50. j.. Benefits or profit OF pre-
s"rvin. and applying human e2rrcinents ~ manure,
whether recent or unprcparcd, or prepared by dlrcc-
ton of the claimau,, for distant ,ransportatinn-but
the whole operation 10 be in Virginia, lUo. Is. Tide
marsh mad, or swamp muck, or pcat earth. tine KIM
10 be accurately described and CharactcrlZcd,l rs ina
nurc, III compost with lime or o'ncr h'a'cTla's' or
otherwise, 50. II. Value of charcoal as an aid 10 fer
tilitv, 80. ID. Action and benefits Of straw, leaves.
or other unprcparcd vegetable matters, IA i"p-dress-
in on arabic or grass lands, 40. 10 To 40. For each
one of the ias. named twelve series of experiments OF
effects rl manurcs, 20 which HAY have been awarded
Il premium ns the best of its particular subject, II the
sam" Tor q sufficient space and nulIl'.cr "i "'scrVa'
tons ri the sainc) be continued, 1" be accurately "D-
served, and the continued results are thereafter re-
unr;cd for the next Year on n succeeding crop, an nd
tiiinnal premium Of go, and II continued for yet an.
other year and for Il third crop, or growth, 1tIIl another
additional premium Of ten dollars IN cach such case
OF continued and sufficiently usctu! results. ". The
influence Of salt in destroying insects, rs n question OF
practical agriculture, 20. II. How late, in reference
10 the growth Of corn. the last tillagc Thy plough "r
cultivai0r) should hc given to oh;Hin Inc bcst pro-
Luct--and whether such last tilsgc should bc deep
or shallow, 50. i3. Best series "f comparative eIpe-
rlll,l!tS III lie tulllN UlIOl w N'li' p' We 'N'''
suckcrinu corn. compared with the partial or i"in!
omission Of that operation, 81. 10. TN the pre-.
paration for, and seeding wheat, or other paris oi
wheat culture ard general management, ~.t
i6. Effects, beneficial or injurious, OF the graz
ing and tram3ling Of wheat by sheep or calves.
AT any time from the seeding 10 The sprIIlT, ~. ~
Culture OF tobacco, cost and profits "t culi!rniioi-
and comparative effects on production oil different
distances uf planting, modes ut primlng, !oppih%' Nc,
80. IS. Culture, cost and profit Of ClltirniiniI, and
rnIrnarutjve feeding value Of rye. 90. ~. ID. 81. For
the best and most extensive several series al expert
mcnts OH the culture, production, ana values ol me
Southern field peu, directed 10 determine some "i me
questionable points 10 be stated below. a premium oil
SJU-iUr the second best >erics, SiO-aiiu l"G INC 'iiiu
best. S30-vIz
Comparative products, Oh adjoining and equal inn'l,
of any good vine or stalk bearing varirI.T, when s""m
broadcast, Or wneu cultivated IN matlrcu anu wei
dried seed or grain, and also III the whole plants above
rrouud, weighed us soon rs the iilst pods are ripe :
Couuavative products, under lake culture ana DINER
circumstances. Of any different varieties deemed
among the most valuable for Il mnnurIng crop IN me
grain, ana also Of the whole planis-as OF any oil me
various red or black pens, the buff or COW pea, the
spccklrL or "Shiu;cy' pea, lady pen, Chickasaw or
.!Orcgon'' pea, or any other OF the lnnny DINER kihi"'
Manuring value Of Il pea crop 10 thc succeeding crop
of wheat, compared with like adjoining land without
peas-and this value under either oi the different con-
ditions of q br0nd- cart Tor fallnwl crop OF pens having
entire possession of the ground, Or oi being sowh, or
planted, az q secondary crop with corn: Whether the
growth of peas planted or sown brond'casi a. Il Sec
99ndhry crop with corn operates to diminish the pro-
,Luct;nn nj the urn-and if %, under what conditions
and 10 what extent: The feeding value OF ripe pens
comparc,i with CORTLAND of the vines, wlictiicr green
or cured for hay, compared with clover, corh-iouurr
or other grass or hay To what extent me ihatiu.
r;rr vnlnc Of n cover Of broadcast peas is lcssencd
b, the ripe seed. pods hring gathered, or consume" ny.
hos - ntLcr live stock. ~ IL d. For any series ul
experiments, on any one OF the foregoing . Ht'''"
different subjects, OF n high order OF lnerIt ana N"!''r'
\" ,-l ia, l,nEt ,tlrrrpI IN fnr DlElcu-
lar subject, or otherwise not MS many as . I'D nu"'nei'
cie,racinC less than 4 acres, n premium OF ha!t 'nc az
ne offered above for the best series on tlat su'Jcct-
this offer to apply To a. many OF the foregoing suuJeC!S
n may he thus treated IN Il proper ih"u'It.
For each Of the ) best different series Of well con-
Quoted c1lcrinents, each series not less tDa!l oil l"u!
experiments, on any ether than the above nnhica sup
jet, "i practical agriculture, and "f when cHP'Tr
,rcnts the results appear Ia condlicc I" inc es'"on'H-
inCnt of some uscfu! aud important truth, heretofore
doubtful, generally misunderstood or unknown, ~.
RcmarEs AMI SErc,ri Rmh, far Branch I.
The surcr;oritv Of mc.i, or value Of any two series
uf experiments, claiming the same or Ike premiums,
will be- decided in reference 10 the nearest approAtna-
ton tn tho following conditions: lat. lie culnpara-
tive extent ana completeness OF the processes OF cX-
pertinent, md the apparent accuracy at the procedure.
2ni. The cIrurIiess ut the report. Sd. The utility OF
the Information SO conveyed.
Exact measurements Of results always will nId
much vrlu. 10 reports of experiments, and should hot
bc omitted whenever the case may require such c2-
actncsa. But IN many other eases, estimates Of COIN
paratiyr results, or products by tbe eye, may serve,
II sufficient Tor the case, and for reaching correct con-
illusions.
BRANCH II.
ESSAYS AND OTHER WRITTEN CONCENTRATIONS
ESSAYS and c:hcr written articles Of practical sub
jcc;s, mast be founded mainly OF the writer's pracii-
cal experience aud lcrsonni observation q: lnrcsilSa-
ZION; though Smaller portions OF each may resi- on
other authorities. 10 be stated particularly Or general
~, NJ rtquirrI 10y the ,hr".
The form and manner Of any written piece will
I've left 10 the discretion "I tho writer. y proper cS-
tent OF discussion 81 oi treatment, ind at elaborate
Investigation, Will bc required I" constitute what is
understood rs an essay. For "iiIc: more cuucisc ur
less complete wr,ticn "wmnmrG'oiv, premiums will
rr offered subsequently.
The award II superiority II ANY nac writing over
others OH the came subject, Wi. he made in reference
10 lis probable greater utility 10 agricultural I'M
provcuicut or profit, as well rs Ia the ability with
which the subject is treated.
In matter designed 10 instruct or to guide practical
inbors, clcnrncss and fullness Of details will be DEEM
cd n high claim to mcrit-and next, conciscncss.-
Nothing necessary for instruction should be omitted,
and nothing included that can he omitted without in
iurv 10 the value of the instruction.
For the best essay on each of tho following sub
jcCtS:
81. On improving and curichin- poor l~and-whcth-
er naturally poor or naturally rich, or 5000, ana sun
seqncn;lv exhausted by Severe cropping, 80. 81. On
draining, 50. So. On rotation Of crops, 80. 81. On
the accumulation, preparation and application OF
stock yard, stable and vegetable manures, 4o. ". IN
the 'srecn-sand' or ''cypseous earth OF lower VIZ
GINA as manurc-and tho facts and causes Of eucc;or
aou-eficct, 80. 81. On the properties and value OF the
Southern pea, Tor "corn-tield pea OF any Harlcty,)
ard the culture thereof, whether for saving the rpen-
cd pcas, or ploughing under the growth, green or dry,
for manure aud az preparation Tor wheat or othcr
grain crops, 80. 70. On the best management Of farm
livestock, OF one or Of different, kinds, as horned
cattle, sheep, QY hogs suitable to tho locality and the