The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-05-15

both had to sal the same route and the same num-
Der Of knots. But now, Bombay, Calcutta, Singa-
pore, Canton and Shanghae are all many thousand
miles nearer to the United States than to England.
BY reference to the map it will be seen that Shang-
hae is almost thousand miles nearer to San Fran
cisco than Canton and in addition TO its geograph'
ical position it possesses natural advantages which
will eventually render it OF the greatest CONNER
cial malts in the world far surprising Canton and
Calcutta.
Canton has always enjoyed the commercial su-
premacy over all other ports in China because, until
recently no others were open Butby the treaty with
Great Britain in 1872 four other ports were thrown
omen. the most important of which was Shanghai
All the richest tea and silk producing districts Of the
Empire lie much nearer to this place than to Canton
and the consequence was that after the treaty the
trade Of Canton began to diminish and previous to
this rebellion the trade Of Shanghae equaled Can
ton having increased in four years six hundred per
cent. The climate is better, and the Chinese here
like foreigners more than at Canton. In addition
to these advantages, it is situated on the Woosung
river, only fourteen miles from the sea, and has
seventeen fathoms water at the anchorage in front
of the city. This river communicates through the
Grand Canal, the Yunho, and numerous lakes,
with Picking and other large cities in the EN-
pire, and through the Yantz Kiang, which is
one Of the largest rivers in the world, be-
ing navgable for more than three thousand miles.
1t communicates with Marking, Ching kiangfoo,
the key to the empire, as it commands by its posi-
ton at the junction of the Grand Canal with it, the
transit of all supplies for the capital BY the same
means it communicates with the great CITY OF SUI
chow, the most commercial wealthy, and luxurious
of the empire. Marking Is distant but one hundred
and forty miles, and has opposite the city ten Ia
thoms of water, md-channe Ching kiang-foo is
distant but one hundred; and Suchow, called the
20, # Il Int
ton to these important places there many Others
which are known but little about by foreigners This
city, therefore, is connected by water with onethird
Of China an advantage which all the other seaports
in China collectively does not enjoy. This gives it
an enormous internal as well as external trade con-
shutting it an emporium where there is an exchange
Of national and foreign commodities with all other
parts Of the empire.
Japan. too is but six hundred miles distant, and
when it is opened to trade the merchants residing
here will control its foreign trade-here wl be the
depot to supply any deficiency. ohly .nlr,y mics e.
above Marking are immense fields OF coal, and at
Marking there is large coal yard, from which the
French war steamer Cassini, which visited there
few months since, obtained boat load and after
being tested by the engineer, was pronounced by
him to be equal TO any coal in the world for steam
purposes. And even here, previous to this rebel
lion, it could always be obtained in any quantity for
from 81 to $40 per ton.
These great advantages have long been known
and fully appreciated by the British government,
and hence the vigilant eye she has kept upon the
movements of all other nations in this part OF the
world claiming and reiterating time and again,
4 until il has become q bywoTd, That she must be
treated like all other nations" The BONN Islands,
which are situated about half way between this port
and the Sandwich Islands, and which seems to have
/ been placed there by nature for coal depot,
for trans-Paciiic steamers from California to tins
port have been claimed, at least their most impor-
tant port Q4loyd) by that government. 1t is also
believed here, that she is contemplating in her next
treaty with China the acquisition OF this important
.1rn do
pendency of the British crown. If she can succeed
in this il will be death thrust to US, and will estab
lish her commercial supremacy in this part OF the
world for many years to come. Her judicial anc
diplomatic officers are paid literally her consul re
ceving rs much as is allowed our Minister, besides
being furnished quarters to live in.
4 In addition to all these advantages which the
British government affords her citizens, she is ex
tending her steam mail system throughout the whole
Pacific and has increased the compensation for the
China lines alone, to fifteen hundred thousand dol
lars annually This Pacific and Oriental Company
have in all their liIes over the Pacific, from forty
kong 9Ssfnee British Consul's report. at Canton
they have transported freight since the lst o
July 1853, up to February Is, 1854, their steam,
ers from Shanghae and Canton, via the overland
ioute to England, 45, 600 bales of silk, each weigh
| ing log lbs, which, nj Soc per h.. amounts Ia
S2,Ss5 900 received by the company in two thirds oil
I year from one article alone. What prize is here
offered il our government would only lend its aid
/ TO entelprisng capitalists! With sagacity it
would be well to initiate England has always sought
opportunities to benefit and increase the commercial
enterprise of her people.
This has been the great secret Of British strength
il has given her the control of the commerce of the
world and has made her sea-girt land the centre OF
the commercial universe As the United States
seems to increase in commercial power Just so does
England protect and foster her own interests
American capitalists can never hope, single handed
to contend against the whole power Of the British
government.
But the American government should lend their
aid to steam line from Shanghai to San Francis
co. The attention OF the government should be
more given to China, and our entire establishment,
diplomatic and consular, should be put upon foot
ing somewhat aapproximating to other governments.
geographically, we command the world, but tn
establishment . Of English power here will shut
out from this port for years to come. We have the
power delegated us by divine CREATOR let us not
then, throw it away. Politically speaking we are
ihe strongest government in the world bound by the
Two oceans, Isolated in our territory united in our
interests, and confident in our resources we are
equal to the struggle for commercial supremacy
with any nation on the face Of the globe.
! ORIENTAL.
Hone KoNG, March g. 1854.
i7egusIy in he Delivery If tie Nc,c York Nesorapers-
1he Susquehannd Expected NTH Neps from Jeddo-7ae
Adn'dtor Censgadtions 10 San Francisco On, the In.
erea'e-Proges If Emigration to California
There is great complaint Of the non arrival of your
paper regularly and the mail never or very rarely,
brings your latest dates. l have heard that many
American houses in Shanghai and Canton also COM
plain Of the non-arrval of your paper. The officers
OF the squadron make the same complaint. Can it
be that owing to the large quantity of papers CON-
ing forward each mail, they are either thrown
out at the New York or London post office? There
is something wrong somewhere, which you will have
to inquire into you wish to retain subscribers this
way. Formerly we used to receive them very regu
larry.
We look for the steamer Susquehanna by the 18th
rom Jeddo. She will bring news of Commodore
Pery's second reception, and we shah then know
the truth or not of the report of the Russian treaty
which Is much doubted here When she arrives 1
VIII pick up all the items Of information can get
hold of and write you.
The Commodore has received instructions to place
the Susquehanna at the disposal of our new Com.
missioner, Mr. McLane. He will make the Misss.
sippi ms nag ship, and most probably return in her,
via san Francisco. -