The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-01-04

the legislation regard to It IL judicous II win iporsss
sas.. Which .dop AZ. ~
70 conflict With ELI settled principles Of lexsation o
with the rights Of our eitisens.
renew tine recommendations contained In last
nuAl msssage in relation TO the Cece Of Proosdurs
Those who formed the national constitution felt that
. consolidated government could not sucosssfuy lgis-
late for great number Of communities, living undsr
varied conditions occupying regions with different en-
matss soils and productions and ssoh requiring scs
framed that instrument % combine sovereign States Il
strength against foreign invssos and to give them
position Of dignity and influence In their tssnsastioas
:h Other mat q: without e. n
respect to the general objects and most important pax
poses of legislation 30 happily vas our oonsttutoa
adoption that II could not be maintained against
Aiotng local interests have proved entirely grounds
thirteen 70 thirty one and We have y addition, va
territories, some Of which Jet unorganssd and
psopsd there is no reason to spprshend the prs.-
striotness and purity, that the time will wh
It will b ovsthrown or css to b. desirable and advan
from the period Of the foundatioa Of our govsnus.s
co.nctng views with respect to the powers which II
treat political parties ana most Of the questions whS
have sgitated the public mind have had their origin n
de.eaoss Of opinion With regard to the measures 4 60
tn have been manifested In diseusaons with respect =
alien and ssdi,ioa laws protective tariffs the esabHsA
ment and in agatioas designed to induce Congress 10
interfere with the peculiar Affairs Of the people Of the dr.
The power and duties Of our government win always
be subjects Of dsep interest," and they will continue 10
excite discussions and to create party divisions and
ganizations Heretofore tie views Of those who
tend for strict construction of the constitution and
. naintsn ance Of the rights OF the States have
usually prevailed. Under their policy our county
has continued to increase in power, freatness and
prosperity Its jurisdiction reaches hom the At
iartic 10 the Pacific and its territories have
IN lxta fhn #NnRFf ~ EuNn
While this policy has received the ked appreciation Of
our people l1osn ooncede their oorrectness do not
always .1eir application TO particular measures.
At digstsa oda personal interests induced many
to The restraints Of strict cons uoton Of the
nation compact But the evils which have resulted
from such devations from constitutional principles have
soon demonstrated their pernicious tendency.
IT obvious that the agitation with respect to 'lavery
In the States the for advancing personal In
terests under the Of protective tariffs for prsfuse
expenditures for internal i'm for the support
By the public treasury Of different schemes to promote
mistaken views Of constitutional law. These GRO
nsous views are sometimes held By those aPpa-
projects, being based upon similar constructions Il
the national compact, their respective supporters
aotinS their purposes may II Sst sppsss the rsns
raj has the right to banks b
carry on sxtsn.v. systsms Of informal improvement, \
Will BE- difficult TO resist the argument that It haNA
right 10 interfere with local intsress in other rspec
II Of vital importance that clear and correct views Of
the constitution ard Of the rights Of the States should
exist in the minds Of people, 1t SHOULD BE- under
stood that interference with the local Affairs Of dssnt
States not to be avoided from motives expedisnsy
but from the higher and stronger considerations Of
stitut opal limitations restrictions and obligations The
dignity and sovereignty Of the several States viii best b
secured where Their rights clearly appreciated and
fully rscogr sedwhers they rely upon the national
pact and not upon forbearAnce from improper ssaau
upon the intrusive guardanshp Of those who hare
nothing to do with their LEGAL institutions Their righs
should BE- defended BY the barriers of hs eonstituoa
and not By the assumed protestion of individuals
who engaged in the passing sxctsments the specs
lative projgets Of the day.
All measures Of government which are calculated b
should b srmly sustained and citizens should b h.
voked to cherish sternal feelings among the people a
TIE dsrsnt States Of the Union. But these eessdsm-
lions should not be substituted In place Of consta
tonsl rights solely relied pom to the exclus
constitutional compact to preserve and perpetuats
The chief mag srsss Of Union In his lats message
to Congess, has Avowed hApproval Of the distinctive
oS..t. Mnon .eie ana ssprssssd y n
Consrsss. Whatever conflicts Of opinion may have
listed heretofore with respect TO particular questions whsA
have obscurse In The apprehension Of some visvs
Of national compact AL who concur In the purposs
the p1s! II ou1 @
sustain and uphold the vsws whoh he Al
the policy which he has married out By doing % thsy
win not emily pat end to all sectional asitA Hons und
whatsvsr prstsxt commenced continued but ass -
the practcs becoming common, Of resortrg to IL
70 Of p.sunr, san VII sS.n ess.s q 8
true that the humble claim for redress for conceded wro
4 oftea overlooked, while equtvooA msaAurss, nAkise
large drafts upon the revenues Of ths people, are
tanned and carried through BY the influence Of the v
funds which they draw from the public treasury.
ing Il. public sd: = :'ss; q .
improvement. can best be promoted In our nsw
States ~ giving them : population which VIM cults
than By bsstoving the national domain In large
quantities upon few individuals engaged in speculative
can command the highest prices dstsusios a ths:s
lands TO actual settlers viii 30 humane measure, awd
Ing homes to the destitute. snployns.t 70 l:scr I'd
managed With economy and sii win folio. upon tie pss
from tie ssils which threats II from the ooup ion Z
ssisation and from the sxsrsss Of unconsttu issal
New York has an historical interest In Saithf.I s,S
rigid compliance With the restrictions Of power oontanad
IN the constitution Of the United States Ii asad
There those in the CONVENTION which formed that
instrument who wished to crate consolidated govern
sought to give prepon dsrasing anusnce to the Arr
States BY Inequalities Of representation founded uDca
wealth and population Although, at that day IT. ~
pie territory in fertile sol, and s commanding posHoa.
gave assurance Of future h. pSpulaon AND krsaa
ness the delegates from New York strsnuousy opposed
governments and their rights Of sovereignty majority
OF s delegates withdrew from the whoa u
principles Of equality we're impaired adopted tbs CO.
sutution reuetanty becauss it, language admitted e
dangerous to the rights Of the States ~
.sssent was accompanied b. resolution thAt ths 60
u Commences 0mo00r
ments proposed BY this convention viii BE- adopted"
The amendments which this STATE chiefly inslxu-
mental IN procuring securing tbs rss exercise q RI
gon freedom OF speech, and the right Of the -
bsar arms and to petition for redress Of grievances hy
shield the persons and property Of citizens ARain
unreAso0ab searches and ssigures by nAl
poceedings and preserving tbs right trial BY ary. -
prevent misconstucton and abuse Of power d.
manaed the ments which declare that tbs "eua
msrstion Of certain rights shA not be construed dsav
on dhpGass others retained BY the people," and that
the powers not dssg.ted % the Uaisd States y ~
constitution, nor prohibited BY IL 10 the Stases
served the States respectively" These articss
sttuts the great barriers against the enoroachmsas e
the general government and the principal dsfsness IL
rights and sovsregnty Of the States and the hesrsss It
our citissns The great principles which fs~ York
serted q the period Of the adoption Of this cohstupa
IN bshan Of the several states and Of the rights q ~
people, II win continue to maintain and offend
Ihs past history OF State and natisa a,monish
that thsir prosperity and progress tsst promoted ~
rf I'D economy In The tbr ahAirs ed ~
strict compapcs with the require Of shsr rssBss-
tive consultations.
shsl cordially cooperate with you IN every measuss
af~1f IN Aka