Spirit of the times. [volume] (Ironton, Ohio) 1853-1858, 1854-06-20


tons ordinance, that this was above The aver.
age lrice Of the time. II We lake iOd. % an
average, the workman's weekly wages would |
Be equivalent to about q. Of our money, which |
. certainly much below the standard riven BY
Mt. Hallsm for the same period. Peskaps the |
following entries may afford further criterion, |
The whole expense Of q man and horse for
three days. exclusive Of the horse hire: were d
gong 10 Tenby and back, and 10. Cd. In atoSf. |
ney to HaverfoSdwest, Pembroke, and bsok.
for an equal length Of time. II does not seen
that the rider wss Of class requiring expen.
sive enle ertainment; slthough, on another 90.
casion, no !ess person than Mr.. John the Or.
Penter took three days To ride 10 Tenby and
bank, and was % economical - TO spend only
isd: on the road, Id. was regarded q q fair
equivalent for . Common laborer's daily food.
Sd. was enough to supply two men with bread
and ale for q day. and 4id. va thought sut.ei-
ent for four men; but whether the latter had q
short allowance Of bread OF Of beer, there is
nothing 10 determine. ,t,t.t...,
The surnames OF soubriquets o. The laborers
and arti6ceFs employed affords valuable study
to those who take interest in the derivation
and history Of family names. Itis we'll known
that hereditary sirnames were At that period
nearly confined to the upper classes in Ene
land; in Wales they hardly existed at all. and
are by no means universal among the lower or.
des at the present day. II may be supposed,
therefore, that strange tumble Of names would
be found at St. David's, situated Is it was on
the confines OF au English district, and from
various causes Attracting sojournen from vsri!
ous paris Of the kingdom. The majority belong
to the common Welsh class Of patronymics. or
these are Walter ap David, Gitto ap David
Thomas, Ella Arthur.-or. q he y Called
Alys Authurus, William sp Eynon, John Hsr.
old. hys sp William, Robert ap Morgan, Robyn
ap Morris. William Stevene. or William Ste
phani, !evan sp Owen. David ap Rhvddevoh,
John Arthur. David sp Meredith. Robin ap
Walter, and Jenkyn Oweyn.. The following
names are derived from personal qualities:-
David Lloyd, Jevyn bach, (who from the amt
Of his wages must have been boy.] and David
back (who. from the amount Of his wages. was
as big as he ever meant 70 BEL TO these
should have added. without hesitation. the
name Of Philip Goch. were II not that 0cch
appears twice as Caristian name, OF. as the
corruption Of one; we meet with 0och Mere.
dith, and Goch Delyn, the latter Of whom
would seem TO have combined the profession
Of music with arts more laborious snd less lib
eral. The following persons derived their
names nom their ccupstions;-Henly, Smyth
and David Faber de Wyston. were blacksmiths.
and William Slyrer. probably Eos Eaer. .
mason. A ylssier bore the high h.souY ling ap.
pelation Of Christisnus 0laziarirs,-a lock.
smith the familiar denomination ofJak Lokyer.
A carpenter, as We have seen, rejoiced in tho
expressive title Of Jak Hakker. which was all
very we'll in English. but became little gro.
tesque when the accountant was constrained
by the tyrranical laws Of syntax TO put It into
Latin datise, and reduced 10 the disasreeable
IA t:,o ne I'll nakl I>G
Hakkero. To these must be added 0f course,
the never to.be. forgotten name Of Magistel
Johannes Carpentarius. am uncertain wheth
er the names Of Jak Skynner. Robin Hopper,
and John Coke, alias Jak Cocus, alias Jeyyq
C0kus, are to be regarded a. instances Of he.
rediiasy surnanes, OF Of, an imperfect division o.
labor The following seem 70 be derived from
their places Of abode. Philip Rose, Howe
Porih, William Kyldy. and Buelth. JOIN
Rosse, Howell Porth, Wildly, and Bnelth. tohn
Rowe, Robert Caxon and Reydner Soket woult
seem to have einigrated from the Englishry ia
in search ofwork, and Roger Seys was evident.
ly native of that distlict. OF Of England.
can make nothing Of David BILE, David Yryst
Thomas Draws, Llewelyn Sygl, David kyogyn
Jen Degan, Robert Sydes. Walter Sudys. Will
liam Rugs, Wylliam Selone; and William d
Philip vawrer. The he I'd mason, John Max
mourch. seems, both from his name, and ffon
the difficulty which the aocountant had In
spelling IT, To have been . Scot OF an Irishman.
There 10 no memorial to mark their resting
place. Mr.. John the Carpenter has not %
m uch a. rudely sculptured saw 10 tell wheS'
he lies. The dust Of Christian the 0laxier ID
gone-no man knows whore; while thst o
Archdeacon Morgan ap Eynon. who bargainet
with him for the reparation Of the great south
| window Itself now destroyed, Ieposes beneath
the pew now assigned to the oamSn's Ladies'
While the mobiles Of England were oontendina
with the King, the Commons, and each other,
while the rival claims Of Urban and Clement,
Of Rome and Avignon were asitatihg the peace
Of the Church and the politics Of Europe-just
ten yean after Petrarch had breathed his lasi
sigh To the shade Of Laura. and exactly I've ID
fore Cajaset, surnamed llderim. Aashed upon
the eastern world like the terrible meteor whose
name he bose-Jack Hacker and his eImpeers.
regardless alike Of Pope and Antipope, Of King
and Kaisar. were plying their daily tasks il
the valley Of St. David's. beneath the govern
ment or misgovernment Of the time. They
may have been pinched BY the poll TAX of King
Richard-they may have sympathised in seers
with Wat the Tyler-hey may have imbibe,
the doctrines ofthe priest Of Kent oy Feeitsd
the revolutionary dosgrels Of bis disciples
theym may have felt the last political yibfatioA
fthe blow struck BY the mace Of walvosth
A. 4 "A =, =.