Richmond daily Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1842-1861, 1854-09-08
Aorsr fLsAsIs., nes. paarilIe Ky.
THE RECIPROCITY TREATY.
Diverse opinions Of the Eugl N Press.
From The London Jym,s

From the London Times
lhe Reciprocity Treaty between Great Britain and
t1e United States, which signed by L,rd Elpn a.
Washington on the oh OF June. has been appr,v ed
I'd ratified BY the Senate of the United States in Ex.
ecutive Session, on the I'd OF August without cppos-
'on, and on the following day Congress passed, with
'sAampled raPidty the bills accessory TO give efTtc
to ihi important MEASURE, tha, before The American
Legislature adjourned for the recess on the 4th of An
gust /: had given Its complete sanction to the principles
and articles Of this treaty.
The fift object Of this negotiation was to remove the
dispute with rrgari TO the Norlg American fisheries
which had gown out OF the Convention Of 1918 and
which had more than once. more especially In 1852
threaiened 10 produce serious differences between The
subjects Of the countries 4 nsidsrable R,,sb
iorre has been stationed in summers mast on m.
cast OF our North American colonies for the pro,ecnn
ui The "nal fishing interest, and notwithstanding
the extreme care taken on this particular service W.,
We're constantly exposed 10 the risk of an unpeasan,
collision between her Majesiys forces and the fisher
of the United States for no betler cause ,b,, tho
| cod or Holsters Of the Bay Of Fundy IL was not in
ae' Inc interest we Were - much concerned TO defend
out the Elgh, which was undoubtedly reserved to the
subjects OF lie Brush Crown. This point has now
been settled On terms ot complete reciprcity Tbr
fishermen OF the nlled States will ha We the ha,,v IN
common with tho Queens subjects 10 tish on ali The
cnasts and bays OF The British North American noss-s
>ons. al any distance frn the shore with pprmssiop
10 land for the purp Of drying their nets and crrno
Their hs-she hsh, salmon, and river fisheries bsny
alone reserved 10 British fishermen On the other hand
British subjects will have The liberty To fish. on all the
eastern coasts and bays u the United States EXPRESSED
IN precisely the same terms and with the same mita
lions. ne principle OF exclusive national property in
tn Sc hshenes as beIwern the Inhabitants of the Uni
ted States and those of the adjacent British colonies
mutually Abandoned and they are restored TO the pos
oh 10 whIcn iney sod before The separation of the
american colonies, and under the rst treaty by
which England recognized the Independence of the
United States.
But the present treaty does not stop here The two
most impofiani questions which have been api,ated
since the peace of Client between the two G.yern
ments. with reference the commercial interests o.,
their respective countries, are on the one hand the ad
nh sion OF the produce OF the Br sh North American
Colonies into the Union free OF duty and on the o,h,
hand, the opening Of the navigation of the St. Law
ence and the canals connecting the great lakes with the
Atlantic. on free and equal terms the citizens OF the
United SAtes. i he treaty rapidly negotiated and SION
ed by Lord Egn, se the previous discussion of these
subjects, which had been ably conducted BY Mr. Crmp
Un, the British Mnlser i, Washington, rhor,uyhiv
deserves the name Of he Reciprocity Treaty by which
II Is commonly described ia The United States and viii
De kno"n IN history, nssmuch these two ponIs arc
o1h comprised IN 1t. The British Colonies obtain the
admission Ut their raw produce In the Stat fee of du
~. The Cned States obtain the navigation of the
81 Lawrence and the canals, snbject, however TO The
l.
ege. In which case the preceding Concession NAV also
be suspended We are, however, unwilling and dIsins
:iined TO deScfIoe these spulaOGs As concessions ON
either side, for except nasmuch they serve as ele
nens o negotiation In tt,nsacilm OF this nature We
re siset that the lUSs such stsncss s on neither
side and the gain on both. Commercial intercourse
mercy ultsses him that gives and hi that ,ak,s
1t IS not balance Of loss and glp but the cumulative
md additional force all derive from more rapid eC,
lOnlcal and extended ntcfcuurse from more abundant
liza rLr..f= IL
peratIuns uf trad For instance the admission OF tbe
IfOduce VI Canada 10 the North American States free
4 duty opens the whole line of communication at all
easonS OF the year between u the ag st and most
xpnnsIve corn.gruwng regions uf the world and the
Atlantic ports canadian larnets will gain great fac
lies Of export the crn-cDnSumlng countries OF Europe
an esSleT supply, the Ame trate along their
mrhern railways, canals; and c,asfs The same sd .
vantages will sccrus To British colonies by the Amer
csn traffic on lines of water comm inicatiun
hUH p rirdH'ibuni ,t dugebitn seisniia-and no on.
y scientiG. bot wealth, humanity, and peace Toe
o2ess OF Carada IN the last few years has been sur
lrIsng. SeltgOyrrnmsnt and free trade have given an
npulsr u those pfuVlnc which they never found =
der the discipline Of Colonial Office and the action Of
protective laws and with increasing pfuspsiity and
prSer has Increasing spifii Of Independence
Canidtan national feeling, dis met fr tina. Of the
United States and re- ying the good feeling Of the
mo her country, who has learned last u let her nigh
" Offspring .tfis Unwafds alone. This very treaty. re
pera Legislature before can cune into full operation
and the subj Ct will therefore fully discussed in Par
lament both here and abroad. But this discussion will
unly dispy cvu,plcuously the effects " wlsg
adherence To huse liberal and comprehensive principles
which have changed the commercial relations VI heign
countries and placed the commercial system OF This na-
ton what venture to think an ndesirucble bi-
ss. Ia the midst OF the intgues Of diplomacy and the
preparations OF war, when m uneNampsd pressure Of
public business overwhelmed the foreign department Of
the Government IL deserves to be remembered with
gratitude and honor that Lord Carendun has succeeded
in bringing 10 successful Termination this important
negotiation subjects which have been nearly lUyears
IN dispute; and although at the present moment the
attention Of the nation mainly directed To The opera
lions " armies and fleets abroad IL mag hereafter
BE- found that the BRUSH Government of the present
day has rendered great and lasting service to the
country by the conclusion Of this treaty by the m st
brilliant enterprise which can crown the labors Of
campagn.