New-York daily tribune., 1854-07-12
PUBLM MEETINGS..
AMERICAN INSTITUTE. FARMERS CLUB

TUESDAY. July il.-Mr LAW1Oh OF New Rochelle IN
the chair. Hon. Henry MEIGs, Secretary
IsPRoyEB GARpKs TOOLS.
Mr.. LAwTos exhibited and recommended the bayonet
hoe, invented by the late Judge Bucl. The blade is
shaped like bayonet about ~ inches long with goose
neck shank that it be but inches deep in the
ground.
Mr. LAwroS thinks it is the most useful implement for
many purposes the garden he ever saw particularly for
oosenng the earth between the Of bees aud similar
vegetables in garden beds There is no other implement
Ike it, that the same purpose in the garden
that the pow does in the field This excellent tool has
been known to few gardeners for twenty five years aud
yet is little usedn tact has not been heard of by far
in thousand. The hoe rake is another very useful
garden tool but little used The alley shaving hoe is
other valuable tool This is blade about two inches
wide and eight ten inches long with shank each and
bent round TO the handle
Judge MErcs spoke of the first steel spade he
which he got made by edge tool maker in this City in
1920 at a cost Of So With that he could do twice as
much work in day as be could with the common iron
spade.
Mr. LAwTos said this bayonet hoe drawn like plow
the garden loosen the ground faster and better
than any other implement in II is also useful
common hoe by turning it down upon either side, the
edges being sharp.
WHEEL oULTWAroR
SoLos RoBIssoS said that as new implements were in
order he would mention new oue which he had lately
seen in operation at the North Amerc Phalanx in Mon
mouth County, n. j. This is the wheel cutvator 40
hung upon the axle OF small pair OF wheels that II can be
field field and il be regulated TO any depth, in
Of rsDg next to of trees can be set shallow
10 the roots and deep on the other SIDE Ii an ex
ceen implement for peach orchards and next to
the drill for putting in wheat leaving it in rows. The
wheels keep it steady, and the work is much better done
hon with the ordinary cutivator and equally well
with gang pows. Ii requires strong pair OF horses or
good yoke OF oxen
NEW HARVESTER.
Mr. WAGNER introduced the model of a reapng
machine which is calculated TO collect the heads and
the from the chan, aud deliver the
grain in bags He had machine in operation at Racine
Wis, this last year, that cut at the rate of twenty-five
acres day. machine will weigh about 200 lbs. aud
cost $780, The cutters can be raised lowered 10 suit
the hight of grain by the operator the heads being carried
directly hresher and cleaner aud the grain thence TO
a and the bags. The whole is mounted upon four
wheels with bod, capacious enough to contain all the
machinery and carry the bags aud man TO fill and tie them
up The inventor says that two horses sufficient pro-
pens power and these are hitched shaft behind
push the machine into the standing grain. One I'D
vantage of this mode Is that ii leaves the straw upon the
land and the heads require less labor to thresh.
Judge MEGs read letter upon the subject OF manures
The writer thinks highly Of all concentrated fertilizers
but thinks they will always prove far more valuable when
used in connection with farm yafd manures He also
sOhe highly Of the for grass OF unleached ashes by
which he doubled the crop
desultory conversation now followed upon the use of
manures, improved tools better cultivation and better in
formation for farmers in which the Chairman Secretary,
Mr. WARM, Paul Stilman Solon Robinson and others took
part after which Il subject of the day Introduced
that is 1.-The relation which increase of crops bears to
national prosperity
Upon this subject Mr. Gro. E. WARISc, Jr., of New
Jersey late student of Prof Mapes and author Of
elementary work upon agricultural education made the
following remarks:
Mr.. CHAIRMAN-1he subject of the day is Of more
general Importance than any which has for long period
engaged the attention of this club. Combining, as does
review of past experience and the tendency OF our ag
cultural influences 1t is proper one TO be considered dur
ing this anniversary month of nations Independence
national character needs no explanation. The nrst
effort Of the early white settlers of America was the
ducon of ooo for their necessities and with the increase
civ the of tlp soil
has ever been the direct object of majority of our c-
zen until las observe by the papers of the Secre-
tary agriculture is the monument OF Amerca-manufsc-
lures ard commerce bearing it the relation the
forge for sharpening drills bears to the quarry where stone
being procured The direct effect of increasing our
crops necessarily be to Increase present
wealth and reduce taxation From the seventh census
of the United States learn the crop of lsi9
about 600 600 600 of bushels worth at the export prices
of that year $500 600 Large as this amount is II was
about veDeenh of the money value of crops raised
that year. That we may see the value OF slight
mpro, ement let us suppose that, by a better
system cultivation the amount of crop might have
been increased per centthat l05 bushels of might
have been raised the place of each 100 and that the
same proportion might have been attained throughout the
whole crop This increase would be worth s25j, 900
sum equal to oneseventh of the cash value OF all the
farms in the country oneha the value of the live stock
dable the value OF all the farm implements ana ma
chnery used TO conduct the agricultural operations Of the
United States Should you deem the small advance Of 5
per cent too great to be reasonably expected reue 10
0ns-tenm Of mat amount. suppose una. oheha o. per
crease of value would have been OOO-enough to
defrav nearly half of governmental expenses
sum which applied to the advancement of agriculture,
would yield yearly return of 5 10 per cent increase
in our national PRODUCTIONS What other branch of indus
try Mr.. Chairman, have we among us which would 80
amply repay us for protection Surely not manufactures
Our factories are worth less than horses steam
engines and less than horned cattle the
labor of our mechanics less than the increase OF our
swine; and our railroads, l think, less than our
farm fences. Neither is it our commercial relation
with other countries for Chinese as the mode OF reason
ing NAV bel could the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans
be crossed except for the transportation OF
mails and passengers, ten years experience woud sho"
the vanages of such isolation But Sr II Is no' 10
the importance of Immediately increasing the p-oduc-
ons of soil that wish particularly to call the aen-
ton of the Club. This evident from actual ngures
that there will be no difficulty in comprehending H.
There is another fact which requires consideration ana
actiora fact which must depend our ultimate pros
pery nation. alude TO the fact that ne more re
rease Our rrOps under present System OF manage
Det The more reduce the actual tccdth az our c0unry
Our effort toward advancement have been shorsighted
we have looked to Prese abity to eHd more than 10
future obi,g 10 produce. The man who lives on bank
deposit of siO 600 and each year draws out 81 900 WILL
NJ the end of ten years find himself deprived OF his re-
The farmer who possesses in his soil the NOR
o, mic elements Of 10000 bushels OF gram ana yearly re-
oyes the elements of 000 without making proper return
, M the expiration of years, hnd his soil denuded
of ia captal stock of nutriment Inc natlon whcn Is
nossese3 of limited amount OF fertzing matter and all
matter is lmited and which Pusues such course ol cur
"a tends to take from the soil In the shspeoi
cron than ia returned il in the form OF manure ms
sooner or later find itself IN those Propees
wthout which no nation exist ms Sn Is ho' meio
tbcorv il painful truth being fastened 70
slonent by the labor of nine-tenths OF our sell
styled practical farmers Our tendency towaiu
ton The sweat Of the nations brow tails IN the iuvms
Of America like the tears Of cnna S srs the facts
Look AT New Encand-once fertile; her avenues arc
covered with emgrants moving westward, seeAHs ~.
their labor that remuneration which then NAIVE uns
.~vS nv<c