The daily union., 1854-03-05

GINA, OUT Of twenty-five and four out OF six from Geor
ga IL VIII thus be found that The strength OF the yot
which really represented the slave population of III
South was against il.
But, sir, how did that compromise originated Tb
senator from Massachusetts himself tells Us that III
very first occasion upon which such proposition wa
ever announced IN speech was FROM northern man
Mr. Taylor OF New York; that the very frst proposi
ton that was made by way OF notion was from
northern man. Mr. Thomas, OF Illinois and vel be saw
u was a proposition OF compromise which ongnalee
\ with The South.
4 Mr. SUMNER The proposition OF Mr. Taylor was
that slavery should be prohibited in all Territories north
4 OF 80 deg 80 min, which Included Missouri
i Mr. HUNTER. The gentleman says ID his speech
Twas IN The discussion the Arkansas bill at thi.
mise Defeated n his efforts prohibit slavery in The Ter
rory Mr. Taylor stated that he thought portaut fhat
should not Dc psmitted He suggested is prohbitio
! ~ deg 10 min north laimde
i Mr. SUMNER. That was the motion.
Mr. HUNTER. The senator himself refers TO tha,
declaration as the kst proposition which was m ada for
eonp,omse Inc hrst notlon that was ever introduced
was from The senator from illinois, Mr. Thomasl How
May mol say
Vehcatns Atlos ct quieqaid GrIecia mendax
Audet 10 historic constratum classibus isdem
lSupposum que rotis sodium
or, was il in truth compromise all emanatng from
anybody and II so, what did that compromise consist
ini Why, he says that the North iorboe 10 exact The
condition that Mssonr should in excluding slave
ry and in exchange for il the South agreed 10 the popo-
scn 10 exclude il from all the territory north OF ad deg
80 min, Now, facts show that the North did not agree
TO II, Tor large majority voted against the proposition 10
admit Missouri withou, the restriction and The facts
show That the North voted in almost solid column
ine other proposition, With large number from the South
Now, II AZ was compact, there ought 10 have been mu-
tual obligations and mutual performance OF condi,ons
and here there But II il be a valid COMPACT TO
be implied from the circumstances OF The case there ought
10 have been consideration What was the consdera-
tions Why, that The North would iorheas 10 do that
a hxd III a.r
len men, IN either house, who will maintain that Con-
gess has right 10 say what OF institutions State
should have Has not that question been decided by
own Supreme Courts That tribunal has decided, as
shall show in the course OF my rearkE that no such re-
sincnon can be consitut,ona.iy imposed upon State
50 faF hea a. lhe question OF restriction concerned,
IL was muaum pcctxm The North gave no considesa-
hon tor this concession which said to have been
made ~ the South in exchange Tor it.
But II II was compact how came the North, al a sue
csedng session. 10 violate III Because il fact that in
1871, when Missouri presented herself or admission,
large majority OF the North voted tbs proposition
upon The preence that she did whs, many Stale consu
tons now doshe excluded free negroes from her borders
How dc the North come to break i'll Shakespeare tells
Us OF "a saDcmonious pirate who went 10 with the
Ten commandments, bus scraped one out OF the table
Thou shalt not steal the nc had 10 mind To- II
seems The senator IRON Massachusetts very scrupu-
lous IN regard 10 moral obligation when il works in his
favor; but when ]. operates against him be is silent Ii
were compact, what has he 10 say OF this breach Of
iallh on the part OF the North
But in truth, think be North no, Liable 10 the i'm
upon IL II WAS no comlac, II had no features of a
compact II was only binding in far the people
chose 10 aeqniesee IN II, and 10 make effort repeal
H. But IT II WAS compact, the OF the Norih
then and thereafter absoved the South the weaker party
from all obligation 10 observe H.
Nh. President wba. is IL iha. should give his char
aceI Of conpomise or ci compact 10 the ordinary leg
sahon OF ihe country Can one legislature, by act
oi Pase legislation lie up the hands oi successors,
and prevent The people IN ali lime from repeating laws
which may be inconvenien 10 them No, SIR Bat one
legislature may be sag scoGs enough suggest prin-
cple which may ADJUST troublesome CONTROVERSY and
thai principle may be successfully applied, time after time
through long ssres OF years, whenever such coniro
versy arises, until may be fairly concluded thai
sustained by an implied assent OF the people, and OF all
The conflicting interests concerned m such questions To
disturb such saion would be dangerous and wrong
unless was very certain that had ceased 10 perform
office, and longer SATISFIED that the people might
prefer another system OF settlement and be disposed
TO se aside the hrsi adopted Whenever thai
case The reason ior the rule ceaspg the rule itself is
obsolete.
But, sir 10 point OF fact, there the sronses, OF all
possible reasons for repeating this restriction, which is
found IN the fac that Il Is unconstitutional for surely
no senes OF acts can give validity TO unconstitutional
gslaton and all legislation is unconstitutional which
mpalrs The equal nights OF the States IL has been so
decided not only by the express opinions OF legal and
eminent throughout the country, but shall pres
emily proceed 10 show, by the courts o the last
your own land
II there is anything which The constitution seeks
more sedulousy than another 10 secure IT the equa
~ OF The STATES Here that sacred instrument that
deed in which the trusts declared and BY which the
general government is constituted The hducary to carry
them into execution Here, too are the great objects OF
the trust declared The preamble OF the constitution
which they say ordained "io form more perfect
union" How is more perfect union TO be formed il
you have destroyed the existing equality Of the States
and substituted inequality? To establish Justice
How you establish justice If you make odious dis
crimnationsl To "insure domestic tranquil,y- How
can you do that II you make such Inequalities between
the Stsiesi To"moyde for the defence pro.
mote the general welfare Remark, the weeare-noi
OF part but OF all And, finally, observe, not 10 ac-
qure not 10 create. bat TO secure the blessings OF ber-
" bavIng them already TO ourselves and poseri,y-
These the great objects and ends Of the trust none
Of which can be secured il you destroy The equality Of
the States.
But thai s not ali Look to those clauses which grant
power Congress TO lay and collect taxes duties
posts, and excisesr For what purposei ITO pay the
debis and provide for the defence and general
welfare OF the United States" To provide for the gen
era welfare Of the whole, not of part And NOT only
Is the constitution hus particular regard TO the
bgsemeni of the money after II collected bat sso as
10 the mode which is TO be raised II provides that
all duties mposis and exclses shall be uniform through
Uhited States and no capilaon other direct
shall be laid. unless proportion 10 the census or
enumeration bereBbeore directed 10 be taken" Here,
SIR, the constitution looks the equality Of proportion
Lei us arn now 10 another class OF cases. IN which il
requires sbsoste equality uniformity for there is
an equality OF each kind
The constitution gives Congress the right TO establish
naturalization laws and bankrupt laws, bu then comes
the limitation that they must be uniform IL gives Con-
geks power regulate commerce between the States
and with foreign naons but strictly seduIous regard
10 The grea, end OF equality. the provision follows mi
any state" and preference shall be given by any
of oY tn rita nj nue