New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-09-25


motions of tina. time would seem to be linked By
secret threads with the destinies OF Turkey.
When consequent upon the Madrid massacre
and the transactions at Bayonne, simultaneous
ipurrectiors broke ont in the Asturias, Galicis,
Andslusia and Valencia, and French army occu-
pied Madrid, the four northern fortresses of Pam
palma, San Sebastian, Figueras aud Barcelona had
been seized by BOnaparte under false pretenses;
part Of the Spanish army had been removed to
the island of FGnen, destined for an attack upon
Sweden; lastly all the constituted authorities,
military, ecclesiastic judicial and administrative,
as well o. the arisocracy, exhorted the people to
submit TO the foreign intruder. But there was
one circumstance to compensate for al the DIM
culties Of the situation. Thanks to Napoleon, the
country was rid Of lie King, its royal family and
it's government. Thus the shaciles were broken
which might else have prevented the Spanish
people from displaying their native energies
How little they were able to resist the French
under the command of their Kings and under or
binary circumstances, had been proved by the dis
graceful campaigns of 1874 and l795.
Napoleon had summoned the most dishn
g1ished persons in Spain TO meet him at bayonne'
and 20 receive from his hands King and Con-
stitution. With very few exceptions, they aP-
peared there. On June Z, 1873, King Joseph re-
ceived at BayorDe deputation Of the grandees
of Spain, 10 whose name the Duke of loteHtado,
Ferdinand Wis most intimate friend addressed
him a. follows:
"sire the grsndees Of Spain have a. Ill times been
celebrated for their loyalty 10 their Sovereign, and IN
them your Mojesty will now fnl the same fidelity
and adhesion.
The royal Council of CASTLE assured poor
joseph that "he was the principal branch OF
"famly destined by Heaven to reign" Not less
abiect was the congrat1t alton of the Duke del
Parque, at the head of deputation representing
the army. On the following day the same per
sons published proclamation, eDjoining general
submission to the Bonaparte dynasty. On JULY,
1868 the new Constitution was signed by 81
spaniards Of the highest distinction; among them
Dukes, Counts, and Marquises. as we'll as several
heads of the religious orders. During the discus
sions on that Constitution, all they found cause to
remonstrate against was the repeal of their old
privileges and exemptions, The first ministry
and the fret royal household Of Joseph were the
same persons who had formed the ministry aud
the royal household of Ferdinand VII. Some of
the upper classes considered Napoleon as the
proyidential regeneration Of Spain; others as the
only bulwark against revolutions none believing
in the chances of national resistance.
Thus from the very beginning of the Spanish
War Of independence the high nobility and the
- Ioot al bo1J ba rni11la
classes and upon people because of their having
deserted them at the commencement of the strug-
gle. On the one side STOOD the Afrancesados, (the
Frencbifed, and on the other the nation. At Val
ladolid, Carthagena Grenada, Jaen, San LucaT
Carolina, Ciudad Rodrigo, Cadiz and Valencia,
the most prominent members of the old Admin
neutrality-suspicious., generals and other marked
persOnages presumed to be French agents and
obstacles 10 the national mOvement-iell victims
to the Infatuated people. Everywhere the exist
ing authorities were displaced. Some months
previous to the rising, March 49, 1S0s, the popu
lar connections that had taken place at Madrid,
intended TO remove from their posts III Chori=erO
(the sausage -maker, u nickname of Godoy) and
his obnoxious satellites. This object was nov
gained on national scale, and with il the inter
nal revolution was accomplished so far us con-
templated by the masses, and as not connected
with resistance TO the foreign intruder. On the
whole, the movement appeared to be directed
rather agGiast revolution than for il. National
by procliming the independence of Spain from
France, it was at the same time dynastic by
opposing the "belOyed" Ferdinand VII to Joseph
BOnaparte; reactionary by opposing the old in
stitutioDs, customs, and laws to the rational in
novatons of Napoleoni supersttious and fanatical
by opposing " holy religion" against what was
called French Atheism or the destruction Of the
special privileges of the Roman Church. The
priests terrified by the fate that had fallen upon
upon their brethren in France, fostered the popu-
lar passions in the interest of selfpreservation
THE patriotic fire." says Southey. I" famed
higher for this holy oil of superstition"
All the wars Of independence waged against
France bear in common the stamp of regenera-
ton, mixed up with reaction; but nowhere to
such degree as in Spain. The King appeared
IN the imagination of the people in the light of a
romantic prince, forcibly abused and locked up
by a giant robber. The most fascinating and
popular epochs Of their past were encirced with
the holy and miraculous traditions of the war Of
the cross against the crescent; and great portion
OF the lower classes were accustomed 10 wear the
livery Of mendicsnts, and live upon the sanctifed
patrimony of the Church. A Spanish author,
Den Joseph Clemente Carnicero, published in
the years 1914 and 10, the following series OF
works: Napoleon, the True Don Quixotte of
Europe" Principal Events of the Glorious
Revolution of SPAIN" 1.-The Inquisition Rightly
Reestablshed;" il is sufficient to note the