The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-07-29

CANAL TOLLS.
0rs, Reee5pt:; Net Reee,1t.:
is.s ...: .f s:ass a g i1s Is :
1860. ........... $1,000 II 1926 9
1861. ....... 67640 8 8 62545 6
We quote again from Lord 81 gins report -
still more striking result Is obtained, il the to-
tai movement Of ircpe.ty In goods. wares. and
land. St Lawrence and Cbsmbly, N each Of these
years respectively, be compared.
Weuand. s.. laurence. Chombty.
1919. 81 aS ST, i ss:s; i asss;
1851 1851 ....... ssi ,SS7i 4S0'sool lio,Y2St
With reepect to these csnsls, which are SO re-
markably promoting the trade Of Canada, we
may explain that the Welland and St. Law
renee complete continuous inland navigation
to Chicago on Lake Michigan, distance Of one
thousand FIVE huDLred and eighty seven miles
from tide water at QUEBEC. Prop srly construct
ed vessels, conveying 1000 barrels of four, or
from $50 to 400 tons of freight can pass through
them They possess On advantage over the
United States route, by the Erie canal to New
York-tbe great rival route from the West
inasmuch as the latter is not capable Of trans
porting veesels Of more than rs tons burthen.
The Chambly canal connects Lake Champlain
with the river Richeli4u, which enters the st.
Lawrence at Sorel. This canal has of late had
to contend against the competition Of neigh
boring railway.
The enterprise of her population, however,
has prepared the way for q vastly increased
prospt rity for Canada, and for the western pro-
vince especially. The great grain growing
country Of this province, 20 far at least it is
at present cultivated-for it is almost without
limit-extends along the banks Of the st. Law
renee, Lake Ontario and Lake Erie, to the
town of Windsor, opposite Detroit. in the State
ofMchigan, United States,and within short dis
lance Of the confluence of lakes Erie and Huron,
with vast expaDse of country to the westward,
A powerful company-the Great Western
Railway Company Of Canada-have formed
line from Montreal to Windaor passing through
the important towns of Kingston, Hamilton,
and Toronto, with q branch line to Lakes Sim
cOe and Huron, and an intended continuation
to Quebec. OF this line two hundred and
twenty-eight miles are now open, constructed
at an expense Of about el0, 900 per mile, with
single line of rails-the large works, however,
being formed for double line; and the receipts
since its opening show traffic not only most
remunerative to the shareholders. but promising
results calculated to promote the prosperity OF
the colony. 1t was first open throughout in
January last; and in the week ending the goth,
the receipts were $4,000. On the 27th they
were G2.366; and it must be remarked that
winter will always tell considerably upon the
traffic of Canadian railways. In March the re-
ceipts reached G5, $50 per week, and they have
fluctuated from about this amount to about
e4,500 down to May last. The Great Western
Railway must therefore pay an excellent per
centage upon the capital invested in its con-
struction, were it even dependent upon its To-
cal traffic. It is not 60, however, as it
forms an important link in the chain of
communication between the st. Lawrence,
the New England States Of the American repub-
lie, the great grain producing States Of Michi-
gan, Ohio, Indiana. Illinois and Wisconsin
south Of the lakes, and the rich mineral districts
of Upper Canada in the north. A still more
important accession to it, and one which must
give vast impulse to the prosperity Of the
whole of BritisL America, will shortly be fur
nished by the carrying out Of the magnificent
scheme Of the Grand Trunk Railway of Canada.
This scheme, which may with complete pro-
priety be regarded as national one. has its
eastern terminus on the Atlantic. at Portland,
in the State Of Maine-to and from which in
the winter months, when the navigation of the
st. Lawrence is closed, o line Of powerful steam
ers has been established frsm the port Of Liver
pool, with which, very shortly, Canada will
have a weekly communication. At the town of
Richmond. about half way between Quebec and
Montreal, on the east side Of the ST Lawrence,
ard in Canadian territory a line is intended.
although not for the present in course Of con-
struction-to branch off to Quebec, and to run
along the bank of the river to Trois Pistoles.
where it will ultimately be joined by other
lines through New Brunswick to st. Johns,
and to Halifax, in Nova Scotia. Another line
and what may be considered the main line, Is
being Cried westward to Montreal, where it
will cross the st Lawrence by tubular bridge
two miles in length, to be constructed after the
design of Robert Stephenson, ESQ. c. E., the
eminent builder of the world-famed viaduct
over the MeDai Straits, on the Chester and
Holyhead Railway. This gigantic work has
already been Professionally contracted for by an
Belts 4 Jacksonville have also undertaken
the construction Of the line, 345 miles in length,
from Montreal to Toronto, where it joins the
Great Western scheme, and connects the whole
of Upper and Lower Canada with the great
lakes and the Western States Of the American
republic. 1t is scarcely possible to estimate
what must be the effect or the opening out of
this magnificent route, by which goods and pas
seDgers will be transported from the At
lantic seaboard along distance of upwards
wards of 400 miles, the greatest portion of it
through British territory, to one of the
most fertile and productive countries ever
brought under the hands Of the cultivator. We
dare not speculate upon the growth Of the pro-
vince of Upper Canada when she shall thus have
been brought practically within fortnight's
distance from Europe, and trip to her noble
scenery becomes no longer regarded as reauir-
ing o greater effort than Journey down the
Rhine, or an ordinary run to the Highlands or
the metropolis. There arc circum stances in
the POSITION Of the province, both social and in
dustrial, which must exercise powerful influ-
cree in its future development. The tourist, or
the casual visiter Of Upper Canada has no
longer to report the existence there of state
of society Of which dangerous adventure and
hard struggle are the prevailing features At
every step in his progress he will witness social
prosperity rarely to be met with in the
old countries Of Europe, or even in Great
| Britain favored as she has been in her
career amongst nations Thriving towns will
he found scattered throughout every por-
on of the province. Inhabited by communities
IS, entially British in habits ard pursuits. Well