The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1854-01-28

OF for the common benefit OF the Unon and formed INTO
republican States with he same rights II Sovereignty free
DOM and iydpsn dsnce as he other STATES" Secrel jour
nails OF Congress- 9th September 1885, Journal OF Con-
gress. 10th October, 1850 Land Laws OF United States.
Introductory chapter; United States Laws. page 452
Duane Bloens edition. Pitkins History, chapter III
pages "a, IS, 3d)
This great and compromising measure afterwards
made subject of the ordinance OF 1887. under which the
territory OF Louisiana was peoped in 1903. and became
the basis of the political organization OF the Territories
northwest Of the Ohio. and which, learned jurst
Observes "has constituted. in most respects The
model OF all our territorial governments and is remark
able for its display OF The fundamental principles OF civil
and religious liberty" The fourth fundamental article oil
that ordinance provides SHAT the Territory and States
formed shall forever remain part OF the coniede'acy'
subject TO the constitutional authority OF Congress-ev
IDENTIFY meaning that such States should have the same
rights others of the confederacy The fifth article,
after providing for The admission of The States. has this
language Such State shall be admitted by its delegates
into Congress equal footing nth the original States
in all respects tohaepsr" Now when we know the fact
be that the "orignal States have been and at lib
ery TO establish laws with respect TO slavery and nvo
unary servude. II be said with any propety, With
any OF justice, that State, when formed out OF
territory which has such perpetual injunction set upon
IT, be admitted "an equal footing with the original
States in all respects whatever " And if the ordinance
of S7 shall have expressly provided that there shall be
neilher slavery involuntary servude" in that isrr
tory, the 9Th article OF that document and the action OF
Congress in 17so may guide us in true construction
OF the 9TH article oil the present constitutions that is for
making ''al rules and regulations for IsnOrtes ]" in
oher WORDS it is applicable to Territories only. and
States organized from them, in the government of
which Congress interfere. the word Estates"
before observed having a peculiar Specification
OF The Union
We are confirmed in this view Of the subject by de-
cision OF Chief Justice Marshall the OF the Amer
lean Insurance Company Us Cantor, Pet 542, where,
speaking OF the provisions in the treaty Of cesson by
Spain 10 the United States of the Fordas, (by which the
ntabsnt Of those territories 10 be incorporated in
The Union OF the United States, and admitted TO the rights
and immunes citizens as soon as consistent with
The principles OF The constitution he observes "They
(he inhabtants) do not share in the government till
Florida shall become State in the time, Flor.
ida continues to be Territory OF the United States, gov
erned by virtue OF that clause OF the constitution which
empowers Congress make all needfu rules and iegu-
atons respecting the territory other property belong
ing TO the United States This decision has been ques
toned by distinguished ursls to the prcpriey
of extending the power OF Congress the inhabi..
ants and the territory land only TO which, they say,
ii should be confned but, however this may be deter
mined that decision does not favor the power OF Con-
gress to be continued binding either 10 territory or in
habans for longer time than il shall remain Isrrt
Tory
|, is not necessary contend for the sovereignty OF
the States created from Territory, having authority
thereby TO leglsaie for itself this subject, for is
so much paam punt right that the constitution does
not give such power TO Congress for greater period
than while shall exist Territory, and so, by virtue
alone of being equal footing with the original
Sets has the privilege pass similar laws II. indeed,
Congress can by color OF passing needful rules and
regulations respecting Territory OF the United States,
make absolute laws, 10 continue in force when they
shall be admitted into The Union what extent may no,
tha, power be exercised
But objections srs made in Of popular prints
10 The provision in the modified BILL similar 10 that which
is contained in the fret section OF the territorial bills OF
Utah and New Mexico"Tha all questions pertaining TO
slavery in the Territory and the State 10 be formed
hererom are TO be left TO the decision OF the people
siding therein through their appropriate representa-
iyes y aud It ia gravey stated that there is design
here improperly 10 limit the action OF Congress This ia
the very evil be complained of designed against the
State eventually to be organized from this Territory
predestnatng either for slavery for free labor, and
leaving no discretion TO those who best understand
The physical and moral state of their section when
they are prepared 10 enter the Union, and binding egs
a,on in that quarter where il should be freely
cised II Congress shall bind itself by territorial
pact has gh, so 10 do, and without any privilege OF
making further enacmenis ualess By special
walton contained in Il, This complaint. howevet, does
no, touch the question.
We may well submit upon other grounds, the propri-
ETY. lin the language Of the cporD of Withdrawing the
question OF slavery from the halls oil Congress and the
polsca arena, and committing II to the arbilrament Of
those who are Immediately interested in, and responsible
for its conseq The spread territory OF the
United States diversified with it, animal life and natural
productions OF soil and clmale-a country extending
hrosgh many degrees OF latitude and longitude. with its
strongly marked features OF rivers and mountains. aud
the richness of it's mineral resourceswl invite OF
every temperament and cline become its inhabitants
Oar new western Territories are no sooner organized
than there is an influx OF immigrants and these chiefly
from those portions of the older States which have
similarity OF temperature and Of institutions, and
who will have a desire 10 be governed by such
lave with reepsct property, NAV be beat