The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-01-08
s.o0ld direct their attention. a. never falling adex

~ the s.ate of our commercial atmosphere; nor can
that powerful c0mpaDy-however pressing the ne
cesity, however great their desirs-hold ont one
title of assistance TO embarrassed sPeculstos, be-
yond the limit here assigned to It,
We do not very frequently find commercial men
and tradesme0 turning themselves successfully 70
agricultural pursuits; but In Mr.. Mechi, the great
dressing case and razor maker OF Leadenha street,
we have an example Of high intelligence, az well as
complete success in the very highest class Of rural
cultivation. He is evidently man OF no ordinSy
mental capacity, and with an ample fortune earned
in buainess he has applied his talents to raise agr'
culture, by his own example, TO the same level in
point Of science that has been attained IN al the
mechanical and engineering departments Of business
life. A year and half ago we had an opportunity
of seeing his model farm at Tiptree-hau in Essex
and delightful indeed it was to see the perfect order
and cleanliness which prevailed ghout and the
mastery style In which all the various operations OF
husbandry are performed by methods wholly nnprac-
tised by, and in great measure unknown to, ordi-
nary Jog tr0t farmers Our present reason, however,
for nosing the subject is the delivery by this inte
gent amateur farmer, on Wednesday at the Society
of Arts, Of very clever lectare on the advants es OF
the system carried into practice by himself. lie
strongly advocates tho application Of steam power to
farm yard operations, which he conceiyes wolt
thereby be reduced to one fourth their present ex-
pense, Independent of the economy gained in spa,e
and horse fodder, and most particularly recommends
the use of Ushers steam plough and Romaines cult.
vator; besides which, on the subject OF manurng
land, he shows incontesbly the superiority OF liquid
decomposed animal manure to the ordinary solid
farm refuse commonly used to dress land. The dilute
liquid manure he obtains by throwing into huge
subterranean tank all the farm refuse and dead AMI
mails, and then allowing them to decompose in large
quantity of water. This liquid matter he forces
along pipes laid underground and discharges it over
the land under pressure through distributing MOBILES
which are capable of sending out ole hundred gal.
Ions minute, and thus irrigating the land most
thoroughly with the elements OF growth in extra
ordinarily short time. He says, too, that by this
method he succeeded in giving fertility for grazing
purposes, in eighteen months, to piece OF heavy,
proiitless clay land which had resisted all the appl
cations OF solid manure, and had by these means
clothed 1t with fine fattening grasses capable OF Civ
ing pasture to three times the number OF animals,
and causing large increase in the yield Of milk,
cream and butter. The value Of liquid ma
Dure he states to be more and more esti-
mated by farmers; and he told the meeting,
by way Of illustration, that gentleman at Rugby
had rented the use Of the drainage Of that town.
at ESQ year, for twenty one years, aud had en-
ployed it successfully in fertzing 700 acres Of graz
ing land. These are the salient points Of Mr..
Mechi's very interesting lecture; and we think he
has very clearly proved that if the farmers attend to
their own interests; by improving their systems of
cultivation by the aid of modern chemical and me-
chanical science they need Iot fear injury from free
trade either in corn cattle; for granting that the
first outlay may be great, the returns will re-
pay them three and fourold for their extra expendi
ture.
Our transatlantic friends are aware that within
Tue aSt 01gnteen mOntnS some very stTCC inquiries
have been made by royal commissions into the
time-honoIed abuses Of those great monkish estab-
lshments yclept Oxford and Cambridge, which
for many long year have contributed rather to re-
tard than advance knowledge and educational train.
ing in the old country; and we are glad to find that
1t has been with view to some practical reform,
effected not by any half measures proposed by them
selves, but by scheme prepared under the sanction
wigs, and not little were they shocked when, pre-
pairing for all the Inequalities and pleasures of
Christmas, at being informed, through an official
to the Earl OF Derby-the Chancellor
and will be announced from the throne
in our good Queens opening address, Thus we are
glad to find that with all the aacrity displayed by
the hebdomadal board of heads Of colleges and
proctors on the one hand, and the college tutors on
the other, ministers likely to distance both
by bringing out complete scheme, ready for enact.
ment, and one, moreover, that will be far less agree
able to their conservative notions than any concocted
by themselves Ii is impossible to divine what it
may be- but any plan that falls short of breaking up
the exclusive college system and throwing open the
education and honors Of the Universities to free stu
dents, without test or religious qualification, will fall
mserably short of the national requirements. Nous
rvr0ns.
II has long been known in large towns, aud esse-
cially in London, Liverpool, and other giganti,
congregations Of human beings, that the present
acts as direct incentive to murder. In fact il is
we'll knsWn that m ,thsrs, for dkhy lucre, act as
child PRISONERS, carrying On their plans with more
impuDity and security than ever Burke and Hare en
loved, while pursuing their horrd traffic in the
b. dies Of their murdered victims. We apprehend,
moreover that by wives hush lnds, children the
depraved, in fact who subscribe to suoh societies
acts revolving as these are perpetrated from the
public attention was called to the fact by the pre-
sentiment Of the Grand Jury Of Liverpool at the last
special asszes. What Is the remedy! Common
serse replies either the total abolition Of such clubs
-
tho relatives of the dead from deriving pecuniary
benefit from their demise. Lord Stanley, in letter
to the Times, recommends the latter, observing very
sensibly that IS the motive for such uickedness
springs from avarice that avariee would be defeated
in its purpose and at the same time the object Of the
club fully answered. if its officers were themselves to
dsfay the expenses Of sickness and interment, with
out allowing q single penny to pass through the
hands Of persons open 70 the temptations Of such I'M
will cease; the hand that held the fatal phial or
administered the deadly drug will bs disarmed.
The evil began with the motive of horrid, filthy,
beastly gain and when that motive Is destroyed
the evil itself will die quiet, natural death. We
hope for the humanity OF the United States that
such crimes are not practissd there; but - human
nature is everywhere the sane-everywhere open TO
the same tcmptations-ws suggest . remedy,
which is capable Of much wider applcation-t6e
grand Irinciple Of suggestion being that in all
cases Of crime prsventioa il better than cure.
To such an extent has our coal industry been deve
loped that at the present time not less than $1,000
600 of tons are raised annually the value Of which at
the pits mouth is little less than fl0,OOo,o0O !;
at places Of consumption, including expenses of
transport and other charges probably not less than
go 900 900. The capital employed in the trade ex
ceeds fl0 900 zoe. About 400 iron furnaces Of
Great Britain consume annually 900 tons Of
coal ard 1000 900 tons Of ronstone in order to pro-
duce $500, 900 tons Of pigron of the value Of up
wards Of 81 900 ,000 For the supply Of the metro
polls alone 100000 tons Of coal are required for
manufacturing and domestic purposes; our coasters
conveyed ins5O upwards Of $3.50 900 tons to various
ports in the United Kingdom, and 3,350000 tons
were exported to foreign countries and the British
possessions Aed TO this that about 100 0e0 persons
are constantly employed In extracting the coal from
the mines, and that in sone Of the northern coun.
ties there are persons at work under the ground
than upon is surface, and some approximate idea
will be formed OF the importance and extent OF this
branch of our industry. These subterranean path.
ways bang, and bang again, your renowned Nam
moth Cave" in Kentucky, and with all due Difference
TO Mr.. N. p. Willis, (see his g Health Trip TO the
Tropics') would afford even q better theme for .
new Dante's al lferno'-neither do these coal walks
return members to the British House of Parliament.
4 ra,raf IN announce fhe 1emise Of the Marfhiouesa