The Cadiz Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1854-1864, 1854-03-01

provisional GoyernoT Of Nebraska Territory, TO 4
csizen ofthii place Il IS no doubt, E correct de-
scription Of thai Terr.ory which Is now exciting %
mach attention ihroushoui the country. GOyerncr
Walker was formerly citizen OF Ohio, and emf
grated % that country along with ths Wyando' In
dams several years since Read The letter ot Il ls
wcll worthy OfPerusal:--
WEST JERSEY Nebraska Ter'yl
January ee, 1854.
Dear Sir received your letter OF the
4th INST, and although pretty well overrun
with similar letters. some yet unanswered,
feel bound TO give precedence to enquirer5
from the Buckeye State. -
So
The boundaries of the Territory, as at
present defined, are as follows, viz: Com
mencing at point on the Missouri river in
latitude 43 deg and longitude 98 deg. west;
thence running due west to LOG deg. into
the spurs of the Rocky mountains; thence
south to the parallel of 36 deg. 80 minutes;
thence east ill you strike this Missouri and
Arkansas line; thence north till you strike
the Missouri river; thence following the rlv-
or upward to the place OF beginning. Such
l
tribes of Indians are within its limits, viz
| First, the indigenous s-Pawnees, OmahGS,
Ottoes Osages, Kansas, Missourias. Sec
ond the emigrants-the Wyandotts, Shaw
nees, Delawares, Mlames, kickapooS, Pot
tawottamies, Ottswas, Weas, Piankesho@s,
| Peorias, Sacs, Foxes, Iowas. Such are the
deuzens Among the most Of these are re-
siding Indian Agents, Missionaries, {having
charge OF fourlshing scnools) Indians ira
dcrs, government employers, DC.
1t is rich champaign country, beauti
fully undulating and well watered, general
ly well supplied with good building Stone
The soil is q rich loan with an admixture OF
sand, and on the low lands the deepest Vuh-
soil blowing would not show any difference
in color or quality of soil, almost inducing
the belief that there was no clay or gravel
basis. Even the high ridges are too rich
10 grow wheat, rye, or oats upon, without
first subduing the soil with crop or two OF
corn, tobacco or hemp, after which fine and
abundant crops of the former may be raised.
The bottom lands are unsurpassed in rich
ness and fertility, they are black alluvlon
soil, adapted to the culture Of corn, hemp,
tobacco, sweet potatoes, MELONS &c.
All the meadow grssses do well in this
country except red clover. The long au-
tumnal droughts, and the absence Of snow
in the winter, render it an Improbable
yrass to cultivate. There is one item, and
il is an important one, that cannot omit,
as fathfaI topogl glaphist, noticing as oper'
ating seriously against the durability of the
e soil, particularly in billy or broken lands
that is the absence of a substantial clay OF
/ basis. The upper soil being Of a light
lnamy character, is carried away by the
rains, SO heavy auu protracted in this ooun
: try about plowing time. The rich part ol
the soil, when cultivated, is thus carried
off to the bottom lands, rivers and ravines
and in few years present an unseemly
sight of sterile knobs. assures and cutters
yielding only abundant crops OF burS and
Spanish need es.
The timber lands are confined chiefly tc
/. the streams. The timber is the ual va
: rety of oaks, hickory, walnut, blackberry
e mulberry, coffee, bean, box elder, ash, hon
i cyl locust, sycamore. The following tim
t bers are not to BIZ found, beech, white-wal.
. nut (or outternut, poplar, blue ash. ches
nut. and very rarely the sugar-mape Or
the bottoms subject to inundation, the tai
: cotton wood, timber of very rapid growth
! and which grows to an enormous heigh
: when compared with the upland timbers
. equaling
The tallest pine
! Hewn from Norwegian hills, to be the mast
5 OF some great Admiral"
e have already indicated the agriculture
d products, but will remark on paSSant tha
c Irish potatoes cannot be successfully cult
e waited, except upon new grouad. Land
!. cultivated two or three years will not yield
t good crops, though the same gronnd vii
yield abundan1y any other product
$ Fruit of all descriptions does well. Ii
short it is emphatcaIy fruit country--ht
fines, largest and richest wild fruit is
foundein greatest pro(usion. We can bea
; the world "and part Of Kentuc" for paw
paws!
1t is to be regretted that we are frequent
" deprived OF the enjoyment of the Peacl
crop, either by the late frost. or sleet Sc
i, common in this country. The scarcity 0
Z timber will, for while, be a drawback L
0 a compact settlement; but there are to b.
9 found. as will be denominated wherever I
; geological survey snail be made, all the el
! cments provided by the God OF nature te
= supply this dehciency--such as stone fol
Q building and fencing. and stone coal 70
] fuel. @
A few words upon the climate. d,
8 not know how to al tempt description.
9 is q land Of storRas--a climate combining
the extremes Of cold and heat, and thes'
marked whith great irregularity.
o During the Months OF July and August
Q the mercury ranges from 80 deg. TO 1T
J. deg; and during the months of Decembe
Il and Jaaunry (the coldest months Ills FIRE
|" quently as low as go deg. below zero.
:, 1t is supposed that our latitude and prox
unity to the Mountains the cause of it be
I ing colder than further Feast on the sam
= parallels OF latitude. a.r p.
We are are seldom without wind, whicl
a in the winter renders it unpleasant travel
lr lng--and in this country, which, like al
!. countries, derive their charm from the ele
d ments of rural beauty. foliage and verdure
IS offers a sad colored picture to the travele
g in wlntery weather. But we are compen
stated for these inconvenience bP fine road
for wheel carriages, not artificial, but natu
$ raj roads---no mud, mudhoes, quagmires
y marshes, swamps, and the like. Labra
a dorian as the climate is, we seldom hav
+ snow enough to afford the luxury of slelg