New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-11-07

ciuded in the ceded territory that, not 70 sPeSA
Of the Inconvenience of the future settlers ID VIC
two thus entirely divided and separated Amencs x
portions Of the valley, evea Cooks route W NaL
fornia, or any railroad which would be construct
ed on this line, IL interrupted BY some ~ miles Oh
Mexican territory. Az the new boundary line,
according TO all appearance must have been sup
ulated in the treaty with special reference 10
Cooks route, this interruption cannot have eeeh
the intention Of our Government, and "a see from
the articles of the treaty that the Commissioners
of both Republics are TO have the authority Oh
running the line in defnitive manner, excluding
ratification BY the respective Governments. 1
think the United States Commissioner should be In
structed to sgree with his Mexican colleague
about equitable conditions to remedy this awkward
position OF an important point of our frontier.
Tie most favorable situation in the whole valley
is that of San Xavier, and the aspect Of this old
Mission-with its church built by the Jesuits, sur
rounded by beautiful plain, with hne meadows
and wheat and Germ fields, alternating with
groves of MESQUITE trees of the most luxurant
growth the horizon formed by bold outlines OF
high mountain chains, with nearer hills of black
volcanic rocks Of the most striking effect in the
landscape, studded over and over with the nous
trous columns Of the Sdgnaro- CaetKs Or Cerens
GiganteHs-is really magnificent and extraOrdi-
nary. 1t is place for an academy OF the sciences
and arts, and for the enoyments OF rehned so
ciety. Now about a hundred good-natured Pima
Indians are living here, remnants of the old Mis-.
sion They are still proud of being Christians, and
speak of the 'gentiles," even those of their own
tribe who live on the ella, with q feeling OF
great superiority. Higher up in the valley is the
old Mission of TumacacOrs with excellent build
ings and beautiful church, still surrounded by
the orchards once planted by the Jesults. The
place has long been deserted. We found In the
hands of two Germ ans and one FreDchman who
~ L I o. tnt h.ap nv
is delightful place, too, and the near mountains
are said 10 contain ANY quantity of silver" Tu-
baca and Tucson also have excellent situations, and
the old title of the latter of these little towns, FL
Tucson del Orc, show that there are considerable
prospects of mineral wealth in its ncighbOrhood.
The acquired territory, in fact, is very like to
prove an extraordinarily rich mineral country,
though more in reference TO silver than to gold.
South west of the town Of Iubaca are the head
waters of the Rio de San Ignacio little river which
runs through paradise OF valley down to the
town of III Altar and is lost in the desert below
il, without being able TO reach the Gulf OF Cali
fornia. This valley is the natural route from the
newly acquired territory to the Californian Gull,
and as il is at the same time, an oasis OF extra
ordinary beauty and fertility, producing the hnest
crops OF heat and corn grapes, figs, and oranges,
it is really to be regretted that the United States
have not got it by the treaty. 1t lie, in fact, the
respect, and, under the present circumstances,
Ell Altar will soon beco ne the most important
place on the northern frontier Of Mexico, and the
seat Of considerable commerce. Should rail-
road be constructed along Cooks route, or in its
neighbOrhOod, with branch extending to the
Cult of California, it will have to pass through
the valley OF San Ignaeo, and the town OF I'll
Altar.
II has not been my intention to entertain your
readers. once more with accounts OF Indians,
topic with which fear have already exhausted
their patience, in some of my former letters. lt
il. however, Of some practical interest to know
what do gree of security insecurity, in respect
to their depredations, may be expected by persons
who propose to settle in the new territory. In
this regard, can say that the upper part of the
valley is, at the present moment, pretty danger
Gus. The Apache tribes of the ella, principally
those called COyOteros, PinalenOs, and IOndOs,
often descend into the valley, aud have, eyea
lately killed persons a few hundred yards from the
town of Santa Cruz. Indeed, all the neighboring
haciendas are deserted from fear OF these enemies
ofcyilized life. 1t is however very rare that they
venture as far down, and to the westward, as the
town of Tubaca, though captiyes OF that place
were offered for sale TO US by band of Apaches,
called Biscaynos, at the San Pedro River.
Tucson is now believed to be out Of the
range of their depredations, which may be
said TO have their western limits here The
Pimas, COco-NaTicOpas, lunias, Cocopas, and
other ella aud Colorado tribes peaces ble and,
though il may be well not to trust them entirely,
are certainly very good-natured people aud great
deal better than many of the white adventures
whom the traveller may expect to meet in the viii
derness of the ella and Colorado. Notorious muir
derers and thieves driven out OF California iniest
these regions, from both rivers up and down into
Sonora, and it is beyond any doubt that some OF
these characters were among those hllihlsters
who, according to their prOclamations, derived
their right of conquest from moral preemnence,
but VIGOROUSLY pillaged little towns, violated
women, and committed other Outrages. In
the contest Of civilized life with the savage, of the
Apache nation, the Pimas, Coco MaricOpas,
COcopas and Yumas will invariably take the side
of the first, and by this the natural allies of the
white man, though they are sometimes at war
with each other.
In respect to California, it would be presumptu-
Gus if, after having Just arrived here, and being
entirely green, should venture to entertain you
or your readers with my observations. One fact
of considerable interest however, / may be al
lowed to mention. Among few mineral speci
mems at which was looking to-day in the store Of
q merchant OF this town, l found one containing
gold in gypsum. According to my knowledge,
this fact is entirely new. The specimen is from
the neighborhood of the TETON Pass, from mine
near which is a salt spring. Formations OF gyp-
sum of considerable extent occur in the southern
portion of the State and it will now be worth
while to look out for gold in them. The gold ap-
pears to have originally been imbedded in carbon.
ate Of lime which afterward, by the access of sui.
Ihuric acid, was transformed in gypsum.