The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-07-30

them be would have witnessed him self the conf 1t
and harmony a the little commucity ON the voyage,
and would have seen Its members on arrival taken in
Charge by the Commissioners OF Emigration, and
eithersupD led wit work 10 some art ofthe couuty
needing their services, sent to cpoaise the west
And he would probably have admired the wisdom of
machinery which quietly, humapely, and pro6tsbly
transports nations from regions where want makes
them anarchists. TO country where, il demagogues
would let them alone, plenty would soon turn them
into conservatives
ltwould repay the curious to inquire how far the
existing democratic element in Germany has beea
created by the correspondence Of the emgr ants with
their native land. The Irish are less speculative
than tie Continental people, aud being more under
q colsioilng ieti9ious influence, are not 30 muoa
tDctuIec with sentime ntal democracy.
II would 90 Interesting to inquire the probable
effect Of this shifting OF population up n the Old
World. II the movement had been con6ne: to re-
dunoaIt labor The result could be nothing but be.
Defcisl But in Germany we see agricuiturisss Of
property, snd artisans of skill, emigrating by tens
OF tn usands; and in England the pioneer paupee
migration is dragging better class after IT, BY a
annual remittance OF million and half sterIiag
The movement to America has not yet made anG
mate rial impression upon the manufacturing dis
tricts. That it wiu cannot reasonably be doubted.
Nearly one fifth Of the population OF the msuafao
turing State of Massachusetts Is Of foreign bista,
The gold fields of Australia also tempt from life Il
uno easing toll the men who, by industry and fre-
sight, have accumulated enough for the passage
Whether this effiux sill equase the rates Of wages
II cannot be denied that lrelaod has been purified
by the purging But what picture tue sto y pro
sents-a fertile country, with healthy climate, but
witn deficient stock OF ca ital, renovated omY By
the loss of young and strong laborers, whose w0,k
was valneless Ut home. they find occup .tAoa
enough in America, and become In time industd M,
peace able, and comparatively temperate aud moscy
saw, 6 citizens. Their old habit of abusing Fog
land sticks to them; but fortunately, wind is plea-
,fn in their ADO ted lane, with no law TO forbid
blowing where and as lUud 1t steth; and the IL
temper finds vent in explosives, not always In toe
best tose but which wise people set down at their
cal value.
Whatever the effect on Europe, the great emiors.
lion must benefit the United States. We have
eady said ttat do not share the fears Of thoss
who see destruction 10 the republic in this increase
to it, plumbers. No country was ever made worse BY
an addition of healthy aborers, while the was wok
for them to do, and heads to direct them. The
United States are emphatically in tits condition.
The native population Is shrcwd and Intelligent,
and has shown itself abundaatly capable %
direct the foreign element That element. in
return proves one of the greatest resources OF the
State, furnishing it with the thing it most needs
labor-to deveo its resources, to put down its fix
lures, to open its ways for transportation 10 6ubve
its virgin SOIL to uncover the hidden wealth OF ita
mines, to run its spiDdles, to hammer its ror
to trim the sails OF its ships, and to work the en-
gines Of its stf amers 100000 creators OF wealth
generally in the prime of life, the females evan
more so. Out OF 245 900 persons arriving at four
ports in 1850 $4,000 only we're under ten years Il
age, and 220 only over forty being less than sno
half the proportion of native Inhabitants uuder and
over these iespec i've ages. They are consequently
strong, capable OF much work, less liable to mortal
ity than the natives, and with greater proper
tionate power OF reproduction. 1t would be absurd
to doubt I'll In the Of time they will Affect
the socalled Anglo-Saxon race in America. But 4 h
yet too soon to measure the character or extent Of
their influence. We do not think they will essen
italy modify the constitutional institutions and
oTu tna TAIL cH0l
learn, in single generation, to respect as thetr
own.
So, too, IL would be idle to suppose that this sup
ply will never be greater than the demand In the
natural course Of events the United States will be-
iate capital vii become s more Plentiful than now
and labor will be less sought for, and consequently
less paid. Doubtless, also, the European emigration
hastens that time. But it is yet far distant, and
cheap as now. Notwithstanding the rapidity Of tho
settlement Of the West; notwithstanding the AMOUNT
q land taken up BY spectators; notwithst sndiog
the profuseness with which the public domain has
main unsold and unappropriated- times the
whole amount alienated by the federal governments
during the present century; and probably two
thirds, at least, Of the amount alienated ia in tho
market at price not much above the g6eefnmeuk
rate. With such quantity Of land at five shiliings
an acre, capable of being brought into proiu tion
the first year. there is no necessity for an unhealthy
oveiplus Of labor; for It not only attracts popa-
lation to the West, but also keeps down the prios
Of farming lands in the East, where the principal
markets are. With the exception Of acts close
to the large towns, farms in New England scu
nov now a. about the same rate at which they did il
even, the average value is f6 los. per acre for the
freehold, and In Maine, New Hampshire and Yer.
mont, it is less than In Ohio Il is greater in
except Louisiana While the presen. state Of things
can be maintained, no probable annual addition 70
the country by emigration will affect the laboring
classes unfavorably.
II is plain, Also that IL the emigration continues A.
at present 1t will soon give the North greater pre-
ponderance in the nation but do not regard that
rs source offuturc weakness-rather of strength.
There Is sympathy between the 70 eign labor and
the slave labor to make the North and South imme-
diately antogonstic On the contrary, the emigrant
seems to have an inherent antipathy to the black.
and allies himself, as soon as be becomes citizen.
to the political party supposed to have Southern ten
denotes The past shows that the dangers to the
American Union have come and are to come, mot from
Northern but from Southern increase. The Missouri
contest grew out Of Southern annexation, and the
supposed dangers in 1850 had their o,igtr In t1e
desire of the South to impose slavery upor he fec
soi! Of California. The North has never required
political stimulus to aid its growth, nor has IL
advance been marked by accessions Of territory. Is
is tie slave power which took to itself Florida,
Louisiana, and Texas, which grasped after Calf
fornia and New Mexico, and which now wants Cuba.
.
wealth, and population of the North, which shah
give to it at length, without annexation Sar, an
incontestible preponderance in the Union, will be
submitted to by the South, With scarcely conscious
ness that It has taken place, and will perhaps che
the thirst for acquisition, which, If unrestrained at
home and unopposed abroad. may SOW serious dig
sepsons and threaten the existence of the republic.
Under the stimulating influence Of this cause the
industry and resources Of the United States have
made an almost fabulous advancement. We had
purposed to show its effect upon the principal
branches Of the national wealth, but are prevented
by the une xpccted length to viii the subject has
carried us. The tonnage of the country increased
In the ten years ending in 1852 from 1000 600
Millions Of dollars t. 2l3 900 900, the customs from
eighteen millions TO fortyve (yelding the federal
treasury an annual surplus Of Is or 20 millions).
The cotton crop increased in the ten years eoding
In 1850 from 500 to 600 million pounds the rice
crop from so to 2l5 millions, and the sugar froua
l55 to 2Sl millions; the wheat from II to 100 mil
lion bushels, and the maize from 400 to GOO mil
1tnnc rha otn o1o n L.. a