The daily union., 1854-02-16

rejected altogetnef or remain suspended for want oil evl-
dence 10 bring them within The several acts Doubtless
many fraudulent attempts have been made ia this way
get possession OF The public territory but how many
cases have failed OF allowance for OF proof of one
or Two days service more than the auditor gives from
The rolls. or Of few days travels Then, again. how
many Kinds oil service, just as merorious any in
cluded IN The law OF September rs, 1850, OF March,
1852, or any oil the previous acts have been omit
ted 10 be provided Tor lveieran frontieIsmen, who
fought with 81 Clair and Wayne-yolunees who have
done coast duty, and minute men-hose whose service
was divided between the and the shore-those who
were engaged IN The suppression of Bus conspiracy in
the Ffench disturbances prior to 1900, and The aola
men u The war Of 1872 DO no. pretend that ! give
complete enumeration, but il ia sufficient TO show the
limited and unequal character OF the present provision
1t is true the Indian warriors OF 1854 allowed to
prove service bur this provision is mock
cry and merely nugalory, and the aged patriots who de-
Tended the northwest, well as the dark and bloody
ground, long standing upon the threshold Of The grave
drop away one BY uncheered by any for their
SACRIFICES and services By grateful country.
These, sir, are great hardships. The working OF
these laws must be allowed TO be very partial and
unjust and believe that the measure which is
now proposed is the only one which will fully en-
brace all intended 10 be provided for by these
acs--that il will eBecually the difficulty and
silence complaint throughout the land In addition
10 all we have urged IN behalf OF this measure, would
also aude though only in passing, 10 the consideration
that the foundation Of the most extensive and available
civilization is the cultivation Of the soil Nothing else
can enable a nation 10 subsis so large number. The
most popuous empire on the face of the globe il is we'll
known, and which supports one-l third OF the human
race-i the empire OF China--is that in which the
culture OF the soil is The most extensive. And let not
forget that In the opinion OF the greatest people OF anti
qu'ty--l mean the Romans--t was the only pursuit
worthy OF q freeman An opinion this, which Illus
a,ed in The lives OF CinciDna,us, Denatus and Fabr
Gus.
In behalf of this measure other arguments of force, no
way inferior, fise TO reflections Ii most apty
said by Sir William Blackstone, OF the common law
which the perfection of reasonthat it resembles the
human skin, fitting alike the newborn infant and the
full.grown man Something IN the nature oil the COM
mon law applied to government The spirit and pol
icy OF our republican system and this system itself
an experiment. successful so far. original and
bold, yet still an experiment. II should be administered
with policy in harmony with its origin
The policy OF territorial grants to individuals, with
view to M settlement ne and cultivation. is BY no means first
in fact been almost coeva with the dscoveryo Amer
and have been made upon scale OF magnitude and
with absoluteness of control the grantee, which,
from soverelsns OF three centuries may well chal
lenge our admiration. II was in i497-Only five years
after the keel of Coumbuss little vessel first grated upon
The shores Of The Bahamas-thai Henry VII granted
John Cabo. patent for territory containing The hiso
ran the worst features OF colonial monopoly and
commercial restrictions" Ia 1872 TO Ponce de Leon, the
companion OF Columbus in his second voyage, and the
discoverer OF Florida, granted by Charles v, the
government OF that country, with the condi
ton tha, be should coionze the country which he
appointed 10 rule" Similar grants afterwards made
by The French and Spanish soveregns, and by almost
every monarch Of England down 10 the time of the
revolution OF 1858. The names OF Fernando de Soto,
DE Monts Sir Humphrey Gilbert, Sir Walter Raleigh.
Sir George Calvert Endlcolt, Winthrop, and others of
the Plymouth Company Sir Ferdinand Gorges, and Cap
tain smith, in connexon with these grants, recur to our
memories with something OF chivairic interest
But any force is supposed to exist in example, il will
be found that the practice OF g0yernments upon which
we are accustomed to look down as INFERIOR has been
upon principles lar more liberal than own. The
lands OF Canada have long been offered free gilt 10
all who choose 10 occupy ibem. SO il was in Mexico
until she lost Texas 80 was, and perhaps still Is, in
the West indies and IN all the Spanish republics OF the
western continent; and, with strange inconsistency We
behold the nation which boasts the most enlightened gov
under the sun, the only from Hudsons bay
to Terra del Fueso, which refuses free home TO the
settler.
Bot equal lberaliiv in this particular was exhibited
even in despotc Asa. II was the King OF Persia who
through his ambassador al London, issued, thirty
years ago. proclamation Offering TO all who should emit
CRATE Persia gratuous grants OF land for the declared
purpose of improving his country.
Time torbds me at present from examining these
grants deall, but those OF principal Importance will
form portion OF my printed remarks;' and twill be
ABSTRACT Of Colonial Granl.
l4oI Hen,y vi granted TO John Cabot, Bristol mer-
chant, (rom Vence patent for territory, containing
the features of colonial monopoly and commercial
ia9s A new pa ent granted by Henry John abotand
his son Sebasusn, native OF BRISTOL
voyage and the discoverer of Florida, the
government Of tha country, wb the onerous condition
that he should coonze the country which he was appoint
i525-To Pampbilo de Narvaez, Florida as far ives,
i5ss-To Fena ndo de o,o by Charles " 'the govern
OF the e Of Cuba, with abso ute power the m-
territory which the name OF Florida was stl
vaguely applied /"
i57s-sir Humphrey Gilbert obtained from Queen Eliz
pbeth patent 'conferrng bimseli his assigns the
which be discover and the sole urisdicon both
civil and crimne OF the territory within two hundred
leagues OF the settlement TO be formed"
15S3-Sir Walter Raleigh received patent almost In
the terms as bis step brother Gilbert.
l6DO-"A monopoly Of the fur trade, with an ample
patent obta ned in 1900 by Chauyin and Pontgravc
a merchant Of ST. Malc," from Henry lv.
l60trhe sovereignty OF Acadia and Its confines from
t0t the 40 degree of latudehat Is, from Phlla
dephis to beyond Montreal. with patent OF ample extent
was issued by Henry Nv exclusively TO the able paroiic
and honest De Mon,s. He had "a still wider monopoly of
the fur trade exclusive control OF the soil, govern
me nt and freedom of religion for Hoguenot
grants." -
1905 The grant by James to company OF noblemen
merchants of London, of whom the prom
nent names Chief Justice Popham, Sir Ferdinand
iorges and Sir Richard Hakluy This company had
exclusive right occupy the region from "a deg 10 S deg
north latitude from Cape Fear TO the southern limit OF
Maryland
Al The same ti,ne to another company OF west Of Eng
land men, consisting of knights, gentlemen, and mer-
chants OF these the leading spirits were Sir bartholomew
C5onod, Edward Marta Wngfeld and the removed Capt
Smith. The right Of this company was equally exclusive
TO the territory between Al deg and 40 deg The historian
remarks that this was the hrst wfen ohafte Oh per-
manent American colony. #.
l62The patent issued by King James to fofty Of his
comforting psentces in absolute property
with unlimited ursdicon the sole powers Of iegiistion
Nc and extending I" In breadth from he 10th TO the 4sh
degree OF uiitude and In length from the Atlantic 10
the Paccthet is, nearly all the inhabited biitsh pos
sessions 20 north of the United States-al New Eng
land New York half Of New Jersey, very nearly All oil
aud whole Of the country 70 The west oil
these States comprising and the time believed 10 com
prise, much than million oil squsrc miles, ana pa
bio of ming than two hundred millions OF in
hsbtants by single signature OF Ming James given