The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-07-30


larger percentage Of the slave increase from 1900
TO 1910, created by the prospective abolition
OF the slave trade in 1908; because the pro
portion of slaves to whites Of native descent
in 1910, was almost exactly the same as in 1850
In lsOO the proportion was as to 4'34; In 1910 az
TO AIS; and in 1850 IA to 4.76, deductug in each
case the number Of immigrant, and des endants OF
immigrants since 1890 from the total white popula-
tiop. This great ac. ease of )ulation held un-
justly in q state Of bondage, with freedom aud ao-
tivity all around them, is remarkable feature 10
history and suggests the possibility at some future
day OF an attempt at forcible retainer oil their
rights, when they shall decidedly outuumber their
masters. IL such a struggle should ever come 1t
would be short.lived AMI deadly, and conlt termi-
nate only in the annihiation Of che weaker black.
Before l79t il seemed that this species OF labor
was about to die out the natural course Of events
In three Of the Northere States It mad persisted; in
five more il lived only upon suerance: and In the
South public sentiment would have abolished il il a
feasible way had been proposed. Whitney then To-
vented the cottoD.gin; and the export Of cotton in
1928 less than five hundred thousand pounds,
uebIed IN 1894, in reased to six millions in 1875.
reached eighteen millions In 1900. two hund cd and
eighty millions in 1880, I'D nice hundred and TWEEN
ty-s+yen millions in 1850 African bonoage became
profitable. The pan'e s of AlabaUa. Mississippi,
Georgia, and the Carollnas bear the sin before the
world; but Liverpool, Lowell. Manchester and Nav
York furnish the money which prolongs and extends
the system.
In spite OF thess Influences so favorable to slavery
The foreign Immigration Is gradually affecting the
tai population of the slave States fS per cent Of
that of the Union, and their representation WAS As
per cent Of the House. In 1880 they had but As per
cent of the population am Al per cent OF the rep
resentati,n; ard in 1850 bat Al per cent OF the
fo mer, and 80 per cent OF the latter. II requires
no prophet 10 furesse that the same disturbing
causes Will continue as long the peasants add
tisans OF Europe can command cheap homes, high
wages, and an improved social position in the New
World as easily as thev nov do. The census enables
us 10 follow their track ACROSS the republic and to
set in what communities they rest. The results are
curious and not altogether expected.
i. II appears that The imm grafton rests al
most entirely in the free States. or the 1900 900
foreigners resident in the Union, Only sos 900 are 10
the slave States and Of these $4,000 are in
tho comparative Northern crn-growing States
of Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky, and Missouri, and
10000 in the commercial State Of Louisiana.
2 IL travels principally due west in belt reach
ing from 36s or 37e N. TO 43s or 44e NJ, including
the central and southern parts Of Ne Eaglaod, the
middle and mol thwestern States, Maryland and Della
ware, and the central and northern part Of Virginia,
kentucky, and Missouri. The climate and produc-
tions OF this country similar 10 those OF Europe;
the general ratio Of health aud average Of life is
higher, notwhstai dug the great floating Europe
population and the Name of laborer is not degraded
by q comparison with slaves.
3. Less than one-third OF the total immigration
has entered the Lake country and the valley Of the
Mississippi. The proportion of foreign population
in New York and in Massachusetts, is greater than
in any western agricultural State except Wisconsin,
seeking community from the world at large.
A.. II princi ally consists OF IRISH, Germans, and
English. Their respective numbers in 1850 we're
English, 27s ,625; Irish, 96l 7l9: German 573 225.
OF the English nearly iye-eigbts arc to be found
in the Atlantic free States, about one-third in the
States Of che northwest and nearly all the residue in
the northern slave States.
Three-fourths of the Irish stay in New England
chusetts, New York, and ennsylvania,) where
the commercial and manufacturing interests are
seated; and they are found in the South and
wnee ha there are public works
legiance, but keep their nature intact. Unwi ling
in the New, as in the Old Void, to guide their own
destinies, they stay where another race furnishes
food for their mouths and labor for their hands, and
takes to itself the substantial fruits Of their industry
One love, however, ia entirely weedcd from their
hearts. Their experience with the impoverishing
potatopatch seems to have given them distaste
for agriculture and in a country where there ia
plenty Of land and sure harvest, they avoid almost
entirely the pursuits to which they cling 30 tena-
ciously in Europe. Their numbers did not in 1850
reach million, not twothirds OF the decrease in
the Irish population during the last ten years.
The Germans are more energetic, or, rather, bring
their energy to better account More than halt
their number are spread over the northwestern
States, Missouri and Kentucky, and more than one
third in New York and Pennsylvania They stay, in
deed, In the towns in great numbers, devotng them
selves to mechanical arts and to trades: bat large
proportion, also ii the speaks truly are to be
found in the agricultural districts, where they fell
the forests and turn up the prairie for themselves.
Some years ago we remember to have seen colony
Of German emigrants landed on the unfinished pier
of an unbult city in Wisconsin. The pier has doubt
less since been completed aud the city has its thou
sands; but then, few driven piles and quantity
of scattered lumber marked the place of the former,
and rectangular streets strewn with fresh felled tim
Der, stretching into primeya forest, showed where
the latter was to be. The emigrants were bundled
out upon the pier, and their boxes, chests willow
fans for winnOwiDg wheat by hand, spinning wheels
and primitive spades, scythes, and ploughs were
tumbed after them. The poor women sat upon the
boxes in the hot sun Git was N August) and cried
at the desolate appearance Of this the gate to their
Paradise, and the men tried in their rough way to
comfort them. We leaned upon the guard look.
ing at them as the boat steamed up Lake Michigan,
and admired the simplicity which could bring
their miserable utensils to such o country.
Long before this the men have chased away
the young grouse with American poughs,
and have iattened theircattlc on the long grass Of
the PRAIRIE and the women, putting away the spin
ming wheels as reli Of by-gone existence, sit in
the summer evenings under the honey suckle and
bignoDia, which twist themselves over the porch,
and sing to their children Of the Iateriand without
q sigh Of regret.
The valley of the Mississippi and the Upper Lake
Country has not only gained in an unexamplcd
manner, but has been almost created within the half
century cen n Where, In $500, there were less than
protected them from the Indians, with only per
cent Of the representation in Congress, there are
now nearly ten millions cultivatng bS 900 900 acres
of improved land and represented by ~ per cent OF
the House. If the European immigration has re-
NAMED in the Atlantic States, the inquiry naturally
arises, Whence comes this western population
The oracle of the census again responds. All the
while there has been q native emigration twice as
great as the foreign. Washington Irvings pleasant
sketch Of the Yankee seems to be literally true
a Discontinued being, unwilling to stay quietly in
the home of his BIRTH and seeking an unknown
better in some new sphere. just when he begins
ad md
the corn grows pentifuDy when his finished barns
are filed, and his log cabin takes to it.
self some look Of comfort, = he sells
his Improvements at a profit, shoulders
his axe, harnesses his horse to a covered
cart into viii h he packs his wife aud staircase Of
children, and marches to some spot stir further
West, where he may begin anew. Thus the whole
country is In motion Massachusetts, removes to
Maine, and Maine TO Massachusetts,: New York vi.
sits Pennsylvania. and Pcnns yivania returns the CON-
pliment. Virginia crosses % kentnckY. and Ken