The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-08-09

/ .Ul
serfs, whom their enrolment raises to the dgnity
OF ieemen, as muh as men can be free in such !
country.
The occupation Of the Baltic and Of the Rack
sea by the combined fleets deprives Russia OF
600 francs being the amount of her OK oorts
by these two seas durirE the year 1852 A sole re
source consequently remains to Russia in order to
avoid bankruptcy, and that s the system Of assig-
mats one being about equal TO the other. Accord
ing to the last statement OF the Minister ofFnauce.
statement from which all these figures are bor.
roxed, there existed already on January l, 1863,
l245 eco 600 OF notes Of c9Ddit in circulation. d
rouble. Since then, the ukase of the 2sth Of
December has ordered an emission of 200 900 900
francs, which carries the circulation Of such notes
without reckoning what may have been issued
But these notes are not the only paper money of
Russia. The treasury likewise issues notes in series
OF 2O0f each not payable in specie, but bearing in
teTest at ID koPecks per month, and they are gene
rally preferred to notes Of credit Well, then, on
the LIST of January. 1868, there existed in circula-
ton 24O 900 600 OF these notes in SERIES A ukase
OF the 30th OF January last has authorized the crea
tion Of six new series representing u 900 0O0f.
goo 900 Of notes Of credit gives total of 1884 OO0
DOOR. in paper money. Never certainly at any time
bad that figure been attained, and according to the
declaration OF the most experienced Russians, not
only can II not be exceeded, but It cannot be main
tanned without certain depreciation. And it La
that which will inevitably arrive, il only the pre-
sent situation DO prolonged. % s,on a. smuggling
small nave iessened the circulation Of gold, the pre-.
sence Of which u indispensable In RussiG even in
time OF peace and prosperity to preserve to her pa
per money its nominal value.
II any one considers the contrast which exists, In
q financial and economical point OF view, between
tie government of St. Petersburg and those of
France and England, the difference IL marked one.
How light In comparison Is the charge which would
weigh on these latter in case the war should con-
tinre! In RUSSIA all the productive resources
w hou nd
intact with the Cars adversaries. The capital abb
sorbed 10 the struggle will be reproduced and more
than repIodu ed by the incessant activity of bust
ness in France AID England. Here the ploughs turn
Inactive. Raw materials arrive from abroad to our
manufactures and feed the public treasury; goods
are exported with the same facility; institutions of
completed; all the works Of public utility fol.
low their course without impediment it depends
even on the confidence Of capitalists aud on
the initiative of the public authorities both in
London and at Paris to give them more lively i'm
absolute as it is norpublc confidence norlhe fanati
csm OF the population, can diminish the absolute
ruin OF all mems fortunes or ward off the crisis.
Does not this contrast suffice to show under new
light the excellence and strength of the position
which the Western Powers have assumed? The
Gear has been caught in his own snare. Let us then
persevere and, independently OF the military glory
which we ought to be eager to pursue after having
been so long deprived Of it, perseverance alone will
insure to us considerable advantages over the COM
mon enemy. He who pretended at the commence.
nent to wear out our patience by his diplomatic
combinations, will before long feel the full weight
Of 30 unequal struggle.
OPERATIONS IN THE PACIFIC.
From the London Mercantile Gazette, July q
By the last American mail we are put in posses
sion of some interesting information respecting
the British and Russian movements in the Pacific.
The President Virago, La Forte and Ell Oblirado.
nj vuap vUor kr,Jo
Csllao for Sitka on the 18th Of June. The com.
bined forces were to rendezvous in the vicinity Of
the Sandwich Islands. King Kamehameha had
declared the neutrality Of his kingdom forbidding
ali captures and seizures within One marine league
Of any of the Hawaiian Islands, and extending the
protection and hospitality Of his ports to ali the
beiliserents, so long as they respected the neu-
coast. under the command of RearAdmi-
raj Price, whose flag is in the President,
so guns, consist Of the Amphitrite, "a; the
corvette Dido, Is; the Thetis, So; the steam
1tincomalee, "a. The French also have three YES
sells in these seas-La Forte Ell Obliga 10, and the
Euly dice TIE Diana, Russian frigate, Captain Sc.
wcppskey. bad touched at Hor ouIu for refreshments
in May, and proceeded on to Sitka She had been
wing there alobgside of the British sloop of war
Tiincomslee, 50, which had arrived from Cal,an;
bat this vessel was bent on peaceful mission,
witch is respected by all nations. during war;
She was conveying stores and provisions to Beh.
rings Straits for the Arctic searching expeditions
aBo, for this purpose was taking ont some of her
guns, and leaving them at the Sandwich Islands
until her rerurn. The Dido was at Mazatlan on the
235 May,
The settlement of Sitka, on Baranoff's Island. the
largest of the group named BIZ Vancouver Kiag
George the Thirds Archipelago is known under the
appeation of New Archapgel, and is the capital of
Russian America. 1t has been long entrusted to the
control OF Russian commercial company, ON pay
ment of an annual tribute. Tls company was orr.
gii ally confined to Irkutsk and obtained their ex.
svpn nf in in tho
tian Islands ano adjacent coasts from the Emperor
Paul This was subsequently extended by Alexau.
der to the whole Of Russian America, aud renewed
BY the present Car about five years ago. There
are no settlements on the main land, only q
few Of the Islands being occupied. The fortress
Of Sitka, at the entrance of the baIbor, is said
TO be provided with considerable works. In 1892
it bad forty cannon, half short eighte pounders
and the others long nires and garrison of about
800. TIE town commands wide, deep and secure
bay, in which the conpany's marine consisting Of
five or six sailing vessels and two or three steam
eis, lie at anchor. The fotilla, Though all COM
officers commanding it belong to the military ma
rine. The trading post itself is defended BY two
batteries, maintained in good order. The ST. ait or
Channel Of Sitka, which leads to the town presents
considerable facilities for defence. The European
inhabitants Of New Archangel and its eavirons
number probably about !, 900. These, therefore are
the resources which. with Russian frieate or two
could be counted on for its defence The vessels
which were recently cruising about in the China
Sea and Eastern Archipelago have most probably
copgreeated at the Asistc and American posts
belonging to Russia. The Indian mail just delivered
however, states some were lying at Sourabaya. ;,
The. Island of kooiah, fun ther west viii also pro-
baby be attacked 1t is situated at the entrance
Of The Bay of Okolsk. which has a safe and spa.
cious harbor for large vessels. The town ia defended
by two citadels mounting more than 100 can.
non, and up 10 the present time no foreign vessel
has succeeded in obtaining communication with it
The passage into the harbor is only practicable un.
dei the canon Of the fort Of st. Paul which some
years ago was garrisoned b. 800 or 400 meu, and
mounted 40 guus. What its present force may be
We cannot state. Like Stka a few small vessels
carrying -four FIVE guns each. guard the coast ap.
pioaches. The government of 0choisk, in Asia
may also lie sailed by sea.
Although the Russian Company and the Hudson's
Bay Company have hitherto continued On good
terms with each other and treaties have from time
been made between thenl--the latter supplying the
ISL ka colony with yearly supply of whsat-all en-