The Minnesota pioneer. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn. Territory) 1849-1855, 1854-01-19

ne power
That they not they be justly made subject
10 any sovereign power but God and themselves
This further truth also thereby established an
Axiom-that every sane Of full age possesses an
cqsa right voice in The exercise OF the sovereign
o the People. By the reduction u practice OF this
simple self evident but Important truth, the ,oing
shousa ads in the fields like their fellows Of other
redeemed from all political degradation.
and enabled stand before king on his throae and
saw You are but a man, AN "a man ALSO GU
are a sovereign se facso but not de J~e. am SOW
sreign dc faoto Ct de we."
Th. only obstacle remaining between the armer
and his true position among men OF other occupa-
toss, VAS the socia depression under which the
remnants Of his former social degradation had ieit
him. His thoughts were left free, and his lie and
labor were secured TO him his own, at his own
disposal. All the avenues to knowledge anu re,
iinement thrown open to ~" equally WIN AL
others. These opportunities aud privileges nave
no, been neg ected Nv him, tho he has not as uiy
uro6ted by them as he might and ought TO have
done. Yet in knowledge and refinement he mas
made mighty strides aud rapid progress. What
change and Improvement has been n'aae "'hi"
the period Of nv own recollection. Every step IN
the advancement has, it ought tended to dignity
labor, ennoble the farmers occupation, and rsnne
its vuiaries. This progress, will, As II has' curing
the last half century, continue win aceee'"'So
speed and The day is trust. not lar distant when
agriculture will, in all its departments, he ied"csd
that firm and highest elevation in the platform OF
society, which the Importance and indispensio'e
necessity Of his occupiion 90 justly en'iies Nun "
mount and occupy.
said that agriculture in all its departments will
ne reduced TO a science. l repeat the expression.
Did not believe it, my hopes for the thorough re.
dempioa Of The farmer from social and intellectual
inf.riorty would be we'll nigh blasted. ] know
that the farmers occupation, like his former condi-
ton, is the last to feel the influences and derive the
benefits of the practical application of scentlhc
know ledge But ia these days Of scientific inquiry
and nveki CATION, when thing within the range
If human ken is made the subject Of philosophical
test, the important and Interesting matters within
any department Of agriculture cannot escape. They
have not. The field is opened aud the beneficial
results already begin to he developed. Ia this
in every other department Of labor, the first and
main bcnefi, be derived from the lights Of science,
must result from the practical application Of philo-
sophicA principles to the useful purposes Of life
The elements and materials within the operations
Of AZ, iculure are as fully iulbued with properties
which may be useul'y made the subjects OF philo-
sophica and scientific investigation and experiment
As those Of any other human occupa,ion--perhaps
Every particle Of matter in the soil Of the
country contains some chemical property. Some
soils contain too great proportion Of properties
and too little Of others. The farmer should be able
know the composition Of his soils-the germina-
ting, negotiating and fructifyins propertics.-Everv
particle OF manure has also some chemical property
and b. in,elgrnty applied to the soil, it is
essary that the properties Of both the soil and the
should be known 10 the farmer " no applies
it-oiherwse undue proportions and consequent bar
renness overgrowth may be produced. Some kinds
Of crops will grow well and flourish in soil in
which another Kind of crop will fail. This results
from the properties composition Of the soil ap-
piled to different kinds Of vegetation, one Kind re-
quirins the presence Of one more properties which
are in the soil, while the other requires the pres
encc Of different properties which the soil docs not
contain. The different properties of soils best
adapted to The growth of different kinds Ct crops,
should be well understood by the intelligent prac
teal farmer Otherwise he both manurcs and sows
by guess, and hazard. Every little seed that
falls upon the earth contains terminating princi-
pie which il be excited into action by the
properties OF tho soil with which it minges Hav-
ing terminated, II NAV vegetate or die, the soil
may or may no, contain the necessary negotiating
properties sustain the plant. VeSetaling it NAV
or NAV no, produce its seed again in kind az the
soil may may contain the necessary fructify-
ing properties. None Of these things should escape
the attention and investigation Of the philosophical
farmer.
Each kind Of vegetable, grain and fruit grown by
the farmer possesses lie peculiar qualities
which should dertermine its use as food for man and
Isast kinds best adapted to the fat,epinp
Of pork, some of beef, and some of mutton accor
ding to the composition Of the food and the nature
hcg.
for the hardness and strength Of muscle REQUIRED in
beasts Of burden, while another may be better for
the growth of wool, and others for the production
Of milk IN the dairy. Some one kind NAV be well
adapted TO several different purposes. All these
things will be matters of pleasant and gratifying
inquiry. to the intelligent and scientific iarmer.S
nd then the management, ture, growth and I'M
proyemcnt, of all the different kinds of domestic
grains and vegetables, animals and fowis-and Of
the processes oi the dairy, will Interest the mind
of the philosophical farmer, and excite him to ia
telligcnt and practical experiments. Almost all
that may he absolutely necessary to be known in
r,ost Of these and other interesting things concerted
with farming, requiring knowledge Of the inhe.
properties of inateriais may be ascertained by
the Of agricultural chemistry-a science which
the farmer should learn and practice. Many Of them
now d. il, and the time is at hand when the
farmer who shall wholly neglect ii will be regard.
ed as aggard and a quack, unworthy Of respec,a-
biliiy in his calling.
Manifold and important are the results which will
flow from the practical application of science to ayri-
culture, not the least among which will be the mental
cultivation and refinement Of the farmers Of the coun
try and their elevation to aud equality in
poia, OF Intellectual accomplishment with tho really
learned Of the land. Ii will dignity labor and make
the sweat of the brow what God intended il should
be--the highest mark OF distinction and badge of
honor among men. 1t will hesuify the face Of the
land, while it will increase its capacity to produce
the accessories and Injuries Of life. Ii will make
the farmer. home the abode of peace and plenty and
intellectual paradise Of social and domestic happ
ness |; and it will Cause the wilderness to blossom AZ
the rose. This great na,ion-yca, the world--will
be richer and happier and better.
The benefits Of 4 friendly, and even aifec;:ona,e.
Interchange OF the results Of Investigations and exper
iments, should by all be adopted and practised
among the farmers. 1t will promote harmony and
goodwill among ncshbors; strengthen the bond Of
society, and increase the interest and knowledge of
all But, above all, organize, and adopt system of
action which will be influential and efficient The
power Of numbers never be fully brought 10 bear
upon any subject, without system. l am happy to
that you understand this. 1t is manifest in the
establishment Of this society. Let its purposes and
benefits keep it active and maintain its spirit The
pleasures and enjoyments will aside from all its ben
efts OF improvements in agriculture and advancement
in knowledge. well pay for all it will cost, You are
right in action. right in heart--so ahead.
As an important means Of procuring information
and promoting your objects. will venture to suggest
the propre,y Of attaching your society," as an auxil.
larry, to the National Agricultural Society That is
already the great around which State Societies
rcvoive. II is the depository Of useful agricultural
information from all parts Of the naiion where i, is
published and thence diifusei TO every part Of the
uoion Through IT, each locality ac,,u;,es L ,ovl