Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1854-12-08


ply Of reliable ssamen begins 10 b, very -.
riuusly felt. Tic Inconvenience may perhaps,
be met IN part bY due regulation forth intro.
ductlun into oui merchant ships. Of ndpmeI
apprentices; which, while il would afford USE
fil and eligible occupation 10 numerous YOUNG
men, Voud haze a tendency 60 raiso the char.
aclcr n seamen as a class. And II is de,sry
ing II serious reflection whether il may no,
BE- desirable TO revise tho existing laws for
the maintenance Of discipline At sea. upop
which the security " lie and property De.
pond. Although much attention has alrellv
been given by Congress to the proper con.
siruclion and arrangement Of stoam vessel.
and all passenger ships, It'll It is believed that
the achievements of science and mechanical
skill 10 this direction have not been eHhlus
ted
y No COED reasons exist for the marked &c.
iinctlon which apprar upon orr statutes b.
tween the laws Tor protecting lie and proper
~ n sea. and those for protecting them oT
land IN most Of tho states severe penalties
are provided IN punish conductor, Of inir-
engineers and others employed in the lflas
pormtion Of persons by railroad or nv steam
boats on rivers WHY shond not the s,ms
/ principle be- applied N aci' of Standardization
covardcc or other misconduct On the pau %,
masters and marines, producing injury M
death IN passengers on the high seas, hcyonI
the Jurisdiction " any NJ the states. ma
where such dolinpusncirs ran only ha rclc'si
hy The power ~ congrcss' The whole sub.
Jeci IL earnestly commended 10 your coss.is.
ration.
Tho report Of the Postmaster General to
which you arc referred flr many interesting
details ln relation 10 this important and np.
idly extending branch Of lbc public service.
shows that the expenditure for the wear cns
inc June 20, 1854, including sl31 i-3 of
balance due 70 foreign Office, amurriri IN
$50, g07. Tho gro. receipts durirg tbo
.ams period amounted 20 -. s5J $40. c1hIh.
Ting an expenditure over Income of Z l-iS.
32l, and 4 diminulion NJ deficiency. "a, com.
pared with The last year. n 1901 $50. Tho
increase of The revenue II the department. Tor
the year ending June 30. 1851. over the rr..
cedIng year. vas 500 200 w proportion.
ate increase, however, cln ha anticipated flr
the current year M consequence ~ he aci NJ
congress providing fr increased cUmrsrsl
ton 10 all poslmlsiors From ihgsT state.
mcnis Il ia apparent that the post uG'rclCrrr.
men, instead NJ irfrlvng iis expenses. 4.
cordinr 10 The design A. ihs iime " .is crsl.
Too. BE- now. aud under eysuGg laws muU
continue 10 be. 90 no small extent. q charge
on the general treasury. The ens' OF mail
transportation, during The wear ending Ju-a
80, lS5i, exceeds the cost of the nrrralne
wear hy si-5,07l again call youi arra.
ton Co the subject NJ mail transportation hy
ocean steamers, and commend 'Ic suggestion,
ofiho postmaster general 10 Your early alter.
ton
During tho last fiscal year ~ 90. s1l acrf,
NJ the public lands have been surveyed. 1nd
= 100 600 brought inio market The numhgr
u acres sold is 7.03i.f35 and ihs amount
received therefor q GOO .g37. Tie arrrr
gate amount ~ lands sold. located under ,Hr
military scrip and land warrants, selected, g
swamp lands hy states. and by lu..t1g ,rFrr
grants for ru71s, is upward. NJ - OOd .nOur
acres The increase ut l,nls sid a,rs fn,
previous wear. rs about SIX mllIioss OF ,ur..
and ih' sales during no ivo 6ai quarters of
The current year present he c,tabd.nsfv rs-
sult oi five 'rd ors lllf uriIun. so'd. or.
ccciln, hy ncnly four muii0ns 81 lsiss. ihr
sales "i no corresponding quarter. of Dot
year, 'h.s increasing. lo ~ cy'sni urg4ul.r
cd during any Ire period i1 uur .lsf history
lhe 1mourt NJ -rycrrc provided fwm Irs
source lor ihr federal treasury.
The rumm,nllL'e policy olihr government
boz relation io setting apart ruLlr domain mr
those sim have served their crnnIrg IS umr
ufW1r, - illustrated by the net. I'lt since
ZOO. up less Than thirty millions OF acre
havr hCgn applird On This object
The suggestions vhIch ! submitted ln mr
aOnull message ~ hst yr1r in reference n
grants IT laui Zoo nd ~ the construction u.
railways, Wcro Ices iull and explicit t.au iHr
Magnitude ol the subject and -uhscjuJrl eli.
yc'urUruis would seem 90 render proper .nf
desirable. Olihc suln'Hrss ur tic principle
men asserted with regard 90 Ihc Limitation oi
the poNer of congress, ! entertain UD doubt.
bat In Dos application % Is not cnuuel i.li IHr
value Of land, In 4 particular 'n,7urr r1, b.
enhanced that, To- fact, a larger amouu, OBJ
money may be received IN y given Time 0.
alternate sections, than could have been .r1'.
izrd fur 80 ,ho sections, without the impulse
lud influence of tho proposed Improvement
\ prudent proprietor looks bCy1nd limited
sections 1T hs domain. beyond present De-.
suits Ia the ultimate effect which particular
line NJ policy is likely TO produce upon OIL
hrs possessions aud Interests. The govern
mcnt, which u trustee. iu this matter. Tor lh@
people Of tho states, IS bound in take ih"
same wise and comprehensive view. Puur
to, and during The last session ui congress
upwards of 20 600 600 acres of land Vou
Withdrawn from public ale with a view '1
applications Tor grants OF this character pend,
ING before congress. 4 careful review 90
the whole subject led me 90 direct taI, lII
such order, be- ahrogalcd. and The lands rec
iurcl 60 market: and instructions were 'mWC.
diaiCly given 10 that effect. Tie applications
at the last session contemplated ;hc cousiruc.
ton Of more than I've thousand miles ol rold.
and Grant, 10 The amount Of nearly twenty
millions oracrcs n the public domain. Ever
admitting the right on the plu NJ congress a.
be unqucsliunabe. - II quite clear the pro-
posed grants would DO productive Of good
and not evil The different projecisaTcn.
fined, foi the present, TO eleven states of ths
union. and one territory. The reasons a.
signed fur the grants show that u Is proposed
to pot the works spec Ills ia process NJ con.
slrucliOu When We rolcc, that since ihe
commencement Of the construction of railways
in The United States. stimulated a. they have
been by the large dividends realized from IIc
earlier works over the great thoruuChIarcs,
and between the most important points oi
commerce and Topuiliion, encouraged hy
state legislation and pressed forward hy he
amazing energy Of priyuc rnicrpuU. 'nT
seventeen thousand miles have hsen cOmps.
ted 10 al the states In quarter of a ccniury,
when We see the crippled condition Of mlrS
works commenced and prosecuted upon what
were deemed to 10 sound principles and saf'