The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-07-04

Newfoundland. If this arrangement should not be
agreed 10, that then duty OF six per cent should
be levied on the several articles mentioned, on I'M
portation into either country respectively. On
either Of these arrangements being made, American
fishermen to be admitted 70 full and free partci-
patton in the fisheries Of Newfoundland, as the
same are now may be hereafter enjoyed by Bri-
fish subjects, the United States government, abo-
fishing all bounties to their fishermen. The House
then resolved that member of their own body
should be delegated to attend the convention, 10
represent the opinions and protect the interests OF
the colony. 1t thus appears that Newfoundland is
prepared to throw open its fisheries on terms almost
as liberal as those proffered some time since by
Prince Edwards Island.
from the ST. John, N. B., News, June 2l.l
TIE ELGIN TREATY.
1t will be seen that it is q one sided afair-or
rather, our neghbors going to have two sides of
the triangle, while poor Bluenose must put up with
what is left, third Of the benefits. In coasidera-
ton Of parting with our Fishery reservation, the
American markets are to be opened to our fishermen.
great boon this to Bluenose compared with the
price to be paid. Again, our neghbors are to have
the free navigation Of the st. Lawrence; but they
are not prepared to give the Canadians the use Of
the New York canals, in common with themselves.
Another exchange for our fishery privileges, ia that
our neighbors VIII allow TO fish in their waters,
but we are not to be allowed to take their shad.
That is to say, we can have the shells of the nut,
but the meat we must not think Of touching. The
registry of vessels the coasting trade is not
to be thought Of by BluenOse. He must put up with
what he can get. Jonathan wants the fish, and that
is all about it. Besides, England cannot afford to
quarrel with America at this time 1t is better to
sacrifice the interests of the Provinces than put in
jeopardy the peaceful relations subssting between
the two nations. Yes; but each Province is to have
voice in the matter. So has the malefactor
voice in his trial. The Judge says to the victim Of
the law-"have you anything 0 say why death
should not be pronounced upon your" The prison
er, if not fond of being hanged, will, Of course, say
Yes and ask the cemency Of the court. Just so
with Vs. We viii be consuted-asked why SEN
tence should not be pronounced-and after all, be
compelled to give up our fisheries. The snodns ope-
randi will be this. The Governor General Is anxious
to have the difficulty adjusted. Canada has nothing,
or very little to gain or lose in the fisheries. The
Canadians want employment for their canals, hence
their willingness to concede the navigation OF the
st. Lawrence. They want an outlet for their grain
and agricultural produce Reciprocity to them will
lie a boon. The Canadian Parliament WILL there
FORE accept the treaty-"hook, line, bob and snker"
The Governor General being omnipOtent in British
America, and head Of all tho other Governors will
force the treaty upon Nova Scotia and New
Brunswick; for our Governors equally anxious to
conciliate Jonathan having received no doubt, their
Instructions from England,) have only got to work
upon their Executive Councils Gas in the Of the
Halifax ard Quebec Railway affair." in order to get
taem to work upon the Legislature, and carry their
measure The treaty will, therefore, be accepted by
stood wishes Of the people, whether they be for or
against it. Now had England, in her Iiberality,
given Jonathan the whole OF New Brunswick, there
would be some show of reason in the transaction,
for, in this event, we should have somebody to look
to- in case OF our rights being invaded Jain BY
distant power, even though that power were Eng
land herself. She has not done this, however, but
she has opened tremendous big door beween the
Colonies and the United States, for while the Elgin
treaty paves the way for uniting the interests of
the two countries it will also serve to remind Blue
that she cares mach less for her sucking children
than she does for her Oldest boy, Jonathan, who is
now the right arm of her commercial strength and
greatness
From the Montreal Herald, June s0.1
RECIPROCITY IN THE UNITED STATES.
We recently published some articles on this sub
ject from United States papers, in which it was at
tempted to be shown that all the advantages of the
treaty were on our sides and that the United States
| in their commercial relations with England we-e
treated with barbarous liberality, worthy only Of
Chinese eXclusveness. For cur part, we can see
nothing in either argument. IL is true, we regard
the treaty as of great importance to ourselves not
4 because Canada gets more than she gives, but,
simply, because it removes existing distractions to
that intercourse which is advantageous to bot par
ties who engage in il. The barbarous notion il that
which foolishy takes it for granted that trade can
! be profitable TO one party and not to the other,
| though grain OF common sense would show that
whatever treaties may be made, no commercial
transaction can take place between two citizens Of
| different countries, each at liberty to do rs he
| pleases, unless each finds his account in it. The
treaty them If carried out, can only be operative in
this way-that it will leave the Canadian subjects of
| Victoria and the citizens of the United States
free to transact with each other certain profitable
! business, from which they are now debarred.
1t will compel no one to engage in single bargain
and as no individual engaged in the traffic can be
made to suffer loss it will be hard to see how loss
can come to the rest of either nation who may have
nothing to do with it. So much for the general
question now to details II appears to ma thnt
the free navigation of the st. Lawrence, and the
fisheries, are at any rate equivalent for any ia
| vor shown to our produce going into American
markets. To this must be added, however, the free
admission TO our markets of the very important ar
tces OF rice and tobacco. Join to all this the con-
sideraon, that even of those articles which we are
likely to send in largest quantities to the States the
states are themselves rival producers, and thoy in
many seasons find it as advantageous to send iiem
here and the balance of favor can hardly be Shown
to preponderate on our side, in this suborda-
ate respect Besides, 1t is not merely question Of
seasons. There are localities, where the expert Of
articles, which, upon the whole, is from Cadada is
pretty constantly the other way for with the soil
and climate so alike as that of the two frontiers it
| is impossible that throughout the immense line
upon which they lie, there should not be frequent
instances Of the conditions which belong to one
point being reversed at another.
IT Is something more extraordinary to aege the
| great favors that have been shown to Canada al
ready. 1t is tIue that our goods pass backwards
and forwards through the territories Of our republic
and we, who believe that there can be no new free
dom given to commerce without benefit TO tho,
concerned, have no dcubtthat great benefit thence
| accrues to Canada In general. But the benefit Of
Canada was never contemplated by the bbndng a. 4
! warehousing laws Of the United States. They were
passed TO benefit the citizens Of the United States
by increasing their forwarding trade; and we can
feel no gratitude for an act dictated by consider
alton for our welfare, and which could only have
answered its principal purpose, inasmuch as II con-
tributed TO that welfare. or course it would have
been Of no use to pass the warehousing and similar
laws, unless Comedians could be made to see some
! profit arising from availing Themselves OF them.
There would have been far more lberality of pur-
pose shown in opening the canals to the vessels of
our forwarders; and how our neighbors can claim
the free navigation Of the st. Lawrence, while they
keep these closed, we do not understand. We have
already opened to them the Welland Canal, which,
following out the modes Of reasoning on which we are
commenting ought to be regarded first rate boon.
Boon IT s-but none the more emitting US to graft
tude. Like the bonding and warehousing laws, the
admission Of Americans 70 the great convenience Of
passing from one lake to another was intended 70
put money into our own treasury by doing for the a