The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1854-04-23

nerate the eated tribes for the eesson Of their lands
by allowing them the entire net proceeds OF the SAFE "e
disposed Of by the government This compensation
more liberal than have usually made though nor
without precedent IN the Of the Chickasaws ana
Black River Chippewas but thes are considerations not
to be overlooked demanding generous and liberal poey
towards the emigrated tribes some OF whom have already
at our solicitation and for very inadequate compensation
removed more than The lands they no" occupy are
guaranteed To them in the solemn and imposing form
If we ask them 10 modify the contract they should be APP
preached with none other than just and liberal one Tue
great interests of this republic require modiheaon oi
the terms ON which they hold their lands The safe ana
comfortable emigration OF citizens to and from the
Paeihc coast would be greatly promoted II the indian
country opened and settlements made along the va
rous routes At least hundred thousand persons an
nually viii hereafter traverse the routes and much SUI
ierng of and beast would be averted If settlements
made AT convenient intervals and such crops raised
as were needed TO supply these The prospect OF
one railroads 10 the Pacific renders II necessary
that the title shall be extnguished that the right of way
may be given to such companies enter upon the con-
tracts for their constructions and while the work Is pro-
crossing, and when completed the laws OF the United
States must be extended the whole line Crimes must
be punished which only be done when commit
ted in the Indian country BY removing the criminal TO an
organized State Contracts must be respected and en-
forced To do all this territorial governments must be
gained courts established and officers appointed The
whites longer be kept out Of the Indian country
the plains and prares to the Rocky mountains have nearly
ceased to echo the lowing of the buffalo the crack of the
emigrants whip the merry jest and joyous laugh OF the
Caucasian now ring through tne vast Wiiuerhess
Where there is much of human life and property law
and government is necessity which we must respect
Congress extend laws meet the govern
the Pacific only to subserve the convenience
Of citizens but TO protect great national interests II
national necessity that requires to assume the 1uris
dcton which the right Of eminent domain entities MS TO-
In exercising IT, should scrupulously abstain from do
ing injustice TO the emigraed tribes who are entitled TO
the right Of occupancy by treaties and conventions still in
force.
The accompanying table Fat the end Of the report pre-
pared the Indian Office shows the different tribes affect
ed by the BILL the country from whence they emigraed
their numbers the quantity OF land now held the e y
which held the dates of treaties and the annutes they
ccve.
The recommendation Of your committee to give these
tribes the proceeds of the sales of the lands when dis
posed Of by the United States to purchasers viii be fully
justified when the of their present title is explained
propose by making short extracts from various trea-
ties made with them and also from the statutes OF the un
ted States
The territory conveyed by the United States to the Sac
and Foxes was for permanent home TO the kickapoos
as their permanent place Of residence as long as they
may remain n tribe ? and to the tribe in subse-
quent treaty it was stipulated that the land they now oc
eupy should be assigned conveyed and oreeer secured
by the United States the said Kickapoo tribe as their
permanent residence &c; to the Delawares the land
should be conveyed and toreeer secured by the United
States to the Delaware nation their permanent residence
and the United States hereby pledges the faith OF the gov
eminent guaranty to the said Delaware nation torepe
the possession &C. against the claims aud assaults Of all
and every people whatever; to the Shawnees ottowas
Qnapaws and Senecas and Shawnees, it agreed to
grant Iy patent fee simple TO them and their heirs for
ever as long as they shall exist" &C. and the Peoras
and Kaskaskia the United States cedes &C. land Joreve
or as long as they may live upon it as tribe"
The treaties from which these extracts made are con-
sscnt with the legislation Of Congress On the 2sth Of
May $780, Congress passed act directory TO the Pres
dent of the United States indicating the wish Of the egs
atve department of the to the terms and
conditions on which treaties should be made with the In
dams for exchanging lands The third section declares
that in making of any such exchange or exchanges 1t
shall and may be lawful for the President soemny TO as
the tribe nation with which the exchange is made
that the United States viii forever and guaranty to
them and their heirs successors the country SO ex
changed with them and, if they prefer it. that the United
States viii cause patent or grant TO be made ana exc
cuted TO them for the Prosidsd aiougs That such
lands shall revert the United States if the Indians be-
come extinct or abandon the same
The title for perpetual occupancy is clear and indeeas
ble and there is national necessity, growing out OF
our trans-nontane and Pacific acquisitions to again ask
red brethren modify existing stpuaon to suit the
exgences of the would it be just or generous TO ac
qure their lands for inadequate consideration and
speculate In their upon the ignorance the fear or the
weakness of these poor Indians?
Your committee would not concede to a small number
OF savage white red the right OF appropnatng alb
souely territorial that they hay live by The
chase upon the spontaneous productions OF the earth
rather than by labor when such lands might be required
for the plough of the husbandman when the safety
convenience of adjacent civilized State required that 1t
should be subdued and brought into cultivation The
civilization of the white vastly superior TO the civza-
ton of the red man II productive of more social hap
piness and is better adapted TO intellectual progress
Hence when the expansion of population has required
additional territory the
appropriatnq itgcneray by purchase and for
able consideration If the value Of the lands acquired
measured by the usufruc 1t bore the Indians The guar
antees we have given these emgated tribes the pghted
faith Of the nation 10 them in laws and treaties render I'M
perave the TO obtain their consent before
appropriaes their land and that consent should not be
given by the Indians unless the government agrees TO pay
them all may receive for the lands deductng only the
penss incident TO s disposition The bin meets the justice
OF the The money Is TO be paid from time to time
the sales progress and distributed 10 individuals IN such
proportions each treaty respectively spuate Each
tribe win have or more agents for making panents
and supervising generally their affairs II any Indian Is
by him considered incompetent TO manage prudeny the
sums TO paid him. IL will be the duty of the agent to
report the the President who Is authorized to COM
mute payments for payments IN cothing provisions
&C. which articles made nacnnbe 10 any whe per-
son under penalties which win secure the Observance OF
this provision. The President may also authorize tbe
money thus due be expended in the clearing ana fencing
of lands and the erection Of buildings Those who are
competent TO manage for themselves receive the payments
In cash and may dsbursc IL at their own option Every
Indian will be secured permanent home and the comforts
i,ie. Of ne State. Of io~o aud N'soa prepared from ne