St. Mary's beacon., 1854-05-25

= snkaxMsnWards OF fw
u e as Ohio. II would seem that by this.
estimate, all the Indian Territory must
be included, or more than that bounded
by the Douglas bill. r5 -s
There have been two previous at
tempts to organize this territory. One
was made in Congress in June, 1845, or
soon afterthose graphic reports were SUBJ
rnitted TO that body by Col. Fremont
1t was then proposed TO make the ternto-s
ry extend from the Missouri river TO the
Rocky Mountains, and from Al deg. to
43 deg. north and south, or quite small
affair compared to the bounds now pro-
posed. The second proposition in refer
ence to organization, came before Con-
gress in March of last year. The south
eTn boundary was to be the latitude OF
SO deg, and the northern that of Al deg.
Neither of these plans were entertained
by Congress. r. -, ..- -.
The information to be obtained with
regard to Nebraska, is by no means ex-
tensive. nor perfectly accurate from its
wilderness state. ".Horn's OSerland
Guide" to California, has some facts as
to the places and roads of the route to
the state of gold. The book is small,
and the information is meagre. Through
Owens Geological Survey of the terrific
ry, considerable knowledge Of its geolo-
gy has been acquired.
But the large volume published by
Congress, containing the reports ofs Col.
-" v"'0Ht expedition rnruugH tfIls. re.
glon, to California and Oregon, in lS42
'43, and IA contain by far the largest
amount OF information, probably extant
on this almost unknown region. School.
crafts great work on the North Ameri.
can Indians, contains some valuable sta.
tistics on the Indians of thus region.
From all sources of information now
open, we learn that there are but few
white settlers in the Nebraska Territory
besides the Indian agents, military occu.
pants, and missionaries, sent out by the
various religious denominations of the
United States. The whites are princi.
pally located along the Santa. Fe Road
and the routes leading to California and
Oregon. Prominent points for them are
Fort Leavenworth, military station, and
Council Bluffs, an Indian agency.
1t is estimated that.'there are some II.
900 people in Nebraska, the greater part
OF these being Indians. It is the choic
est bunting ground of the red men, and
ii is supposed, Of The estimated half mil.
lion Of Indians IN the United States, near.
| ly sixth of them are within this terrific.
ry. The Sioux tribe alone supposed to
have 5000 lodges, and about sc, 900
people. Added to these, there are in
Nebraska, the Pawnees. Delawares,
Shawnees, KickaPoos, Stockbridge.,
Grow, Blackfoot., Cheyenne. Aaricare,
Grosyentres, Ass,nebome, Mondan, and
other Indiass. A large number of Cher
okees viii fall into this Territory under
the bill of Mr.. Douglas. tits well known
that the American Board of Missions has
for many years employed missionaries a.
mong those Indians. The osages would
also be included, to whom the same as
sociation formerly sent missionaries.
The climate of Nebraska is, of course,
different in different parts. Its southern
portion may havc about the climate Of
Virginia, its interior of Connecticut, and
its extreme northern section that Of
Maine. Then the prarie region must be
milder than the mountainous portions on
the western borders. The tops Of its
highest mountains are described as cor ).
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