The Kalida venture. [volume] (Kalida, Ohio) 1841-1865, 1854-12-01
ARTEsIAN WELLS.

| \ VI 'OuO yCuie pubh "O "e'O OSS"oiVh'
ally seen paragraphs in the papers a
bout boring for water in Charleston,
South Carolina, which 10 still! pursued
with great perseverance, undor many dil>
iculties. We understand that over 1900
feet Of tubing have already been lei
let down, and The boring is still being
conducted, although with great difficulty,
through very hard sand stone, twenty
four fee, Of which have already been pene-
ttatcd.
An artisan we'll is now being bored al
the sugar refinery Of Messrs' Belcber, 81.
Louis, and has attained tine gseat depth
of 1900 feet, without reaching the pure
element.
Deep wells OF rmOll diamsier made
by boring for wa,oT have received the
general name of ArleSian wells, a name
derived from ArloiS in France, where the
first one in that country VAS constructed.
Some general amount Of these wells, an
cienl and modern, may be interesting to
our readers.
The following account Of Artesian wells
in Amsterdam was given in 1916 by M.
De. Thury, Inspector General Of Minos,
in France:
Amsterdam on the Amsiel, at tho ex>
iremi,y Of the Zuyderzee, is situated ups
on modern alluvial deposits Of marine ar
gillaceors sand, alternate, OF unknown
thickness, but which cannot be less than
from thirty TO forty met'os-and this has
rendered necessary for the foundation OF
its churches, palaces and public monu>
menis, piles driven very deep and solid.
The city required good water. The first
attempt to attain it by boring was in 1905,
when they reached the depth Of 252 feel.
The second attempt was made in l740
-how deep they went we are not in
formed-but some old men say thirty TO
forty metres. A meter is little less
than thirty>nine and half inches The
third attempt was made in 1887 10 1912,
whom they attained depth Of l74 metres.
The director of the Observatory of Ul-
rechi, says, that fter having pierced
through bed Of sen shells, the y entered
a bed Of very hald black foosil wood,
which compared to the ancient piles Of
cid London bridge, ,-others compared
Them to Ignite. Below this bed they
found sand alternating with beds Of shells,
tur!s, numerous remains Of marine ami.
mails, but they do moi say at what depth
they found theses btLes Of animals, or bur.
ed foEssis. a sg 5atss ~ 4q- ~
Moro Crave, an engineer, desired my
opinion in lS45, MS to ,he depth at which
we could attain good water, which would
rise 10 the surface or above il. From
my observations and theories, said th Il,
probably, al the depth of at leas, 200
metres, water would be found good and
come 10 the surface, bat that i, might ro-
quire depth Of 800 metres.
The art Of boring for water ascends TO
the most remote antiquity. 1t was prac-
,ised with great success iu Egypt, Ara
bia, Persia, China, India, America,
Greece, Italy, and finally in France
| Such Artisan wells have been called
Chinese wells, Egyptian wells, Greek
wells, Lombard wells, Modencse wells.
A great number of such wells--among
others those in the Gases Of the Deserts
Of Africa-are merely Arleslan wells like
our own. They went down 10 what the
Arabs styled the Subterranean Sea-
ln many Of these, the waters rise still
above the surface Of the ground, forming
fountains Of more or less elevation. The
stations Of the Caravans, are fixed abou,
these fountains. The perpendicular di.
teclion and small diameter Of these wells
decide the question, They were bored
mechanically, as we nov do; but We can.
not say at what period they were bored
or 10 what people Iaey are due.
The modern Aresian, well in Paris, al
the GrsnelIe, was bored by Mulot 10 the
depth Of SIS metres, and the water rises
/ in it 33 meters above The surfacs. of the
earth.
We are indebted TO Judge Meigs, oil
the American Institute, for the following
additional facts; a
"Olympiodous, who hourished in AL
exandria, abou, the middle Of tho sixth
century, states that when wells are dug
in the Oasses Of Africa TO the depth OF
two hundred, three hundred, and some>
times fpe hundred CARDS, rivers Of water
gush out from their orifices, and agricul>
turisis use the waters TO irIiga,e their
fields.
The Oldest Ariesian well, known in
France, is in the ancient convent Of the
Charlreux,-a celebrated monastery, The
capital Of one of tho converts cf,he Car.
ihusian Monks, at Sillers in Artois
whence the name Arlesian, even miles
from Greenoble. in old Ds'uphiny. The
old Charireux is in one os the mos, ad.
mired and romantic si,uationa in the
whole range of2he Alps. The Artosian
well is believed TO have been made in
the yesr 1926, Others of great aniiqui.
y exist in Stulteard, in Wirlemharg.---
| The Chinese are aaid 10 have made sneh