The Rutland County herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1852-1855, 1854-11-17
Rt sstAN CITIES.


tfonsfaut Vs. eNh Atn ioFHrsH hrouA
ls miles distant from 81. Petersburg.
sbooi l6 miles from the mouth Of
the Ne,A. Al the entrance Of the
hsrbor, on an island opposite the ciia- I
del. lies the castle or fortress Of Cron-
schloi,, built by Peter the Great This
fortress, the mole bristling with guns,
and the hsrbor ITSELF are approachahlc
ogiy bv one channel. fortified with a
double line Of guns ;--these works con-
s;aulins Crons,adi, which is the "Malia
OF the Baltic" |, has three harbors,
lying to the south Of the towu. The
outer, or military harbor, which is en-
,ircy surrounded by massive and
strongly fortified mole, Il reciangle,
, stretching out into the sea, and Is capa.
ble of containing, besides other vessels,
about ihirty-h,e ships OF line. II is,
however, 50 shallow at low water, that
many of the ships aro Obliged TO anchor
/ in the middle harbor. which is properly
intended for the fitting out aud repair.
ing of vessels. 1t contains the slips. a
powder magazine, manuiaciory OF
pitch, tar. &c. The middle harbor is
used for reiiiting ships of war. The
third, west, or innermost harbor. which
has space for GOO merchant vessels, and
parallel with the middle barbor, admits
MY merchantmen, for which there is
besides, an excellent roadstead, imme.
diately outside of the port, which is de.
Tended also by the citadel, constructed
in rock in the middle of the sea of
Cronsiadt. All these harbors are well
secured. but in consequence of the fresh
ness Of the sea water, no vessel can be
preserved in them above twenty years.
They are besides detained a great part
of the year by the ice in the bay OF
Cronsadt, which usually prevents ves-
sells from entering after the end Of
April. or sometimes even later. In
1919, the season commenced on the 9TH
of May, and ended on the 26th /; there
port which had winterea there. Yes
seIs are repaired and built in the canal
Of Peter the Great. which runs directly
into the town between the middle and
merchants harbor. II is 2,l60 feet
long, Sc wide, and 26 deep; the side
abutments. &C., are OF solid masonry,
and il is filled with water by means Of
sluice, which is again pumped out by
steam engines. II was commenced in
1921, and finished by Elizabeth, daugh-
| ter Of Peter tine Great. Near il are
the various docks in which ten ships
--., ha ,,-@rs-aa u, nn-o the foundry
which supplies annually ! POO tons ol
, walk. tar-works, and excellent wet docks
BY the new Catherien canal commenc
(; ed in 1882, which communicates will
the merchants port, and is 1900 faith
{ oms long, Government vessels are en-
y abled to take their stores, muniiion, &c.
r directly from the store-houses. Th'
d town is very regularly built, and con
If ,ains many fine, straight and well.pave'
streets, aud several public squares. Th
houses, however, with the exception O
those belonging TO the government, ar
i chiefly Of one story and built of wood
d The city has three gates, and is divide
N into two parts, the co,nmandant and ad
As mirally quarters which are subdiyide
a into four districts. Between the Peter
ID and Catharine canal is the old Italia
,r palace, built by Prince Menschikoi
- who took his island from the Swedes !
ar 1908. II IS ai present occupied by III
,e school for pilots, a large establishment
so where above 300 pupils arg educate
OF for the naval service, ami ;wrn,Y f.
TO the merchant service. The Naval lilo
le pltal is large and well-regulsird il
an siiintion with accommodation for 25l
i.- patients. and seperaie building lor .
- icrrs Of thp Navy. Among the bull
- ings are the admiralty exchange, Gu
r,. tom house, barracks, Protestant eyI
of nasium. various schools, an Invalid as
- lum for sixty females. the nobility
/. club, and the house uf Peter the Gre
,n. where he resided for sometime 1
nd with the exception of few old oaI
he which he is said 10 have planted W
di. his own hand, there are no remains
pie the former garden
aid The permanenI population OF Cr'
IA .ladi. excessive OF the garrison, the p
,ad pits Of the naval reiiool. workmen a
sailors, il not ineonsidcrable dur
,ek the summer, Il amounts to upSards .
ia, 600 individuals, Of various nations
ale these next 10 The Russians, the Engl
aid are the na.i numerous The inhal
Ter ants derive their chief support from
lnd. fleet, trade aud shipping. The to
and presents an appearance Of great acti'
the anil busile daring ihc summer, ba
,ree winter all l. dead aud siagHani.
ap. town and port were laid out. and
, the buildings far advanced, by ~
,.ed the Great, who founded Cronsiadt
- l7l0; bot il did not receive it, pre-
ame name ~ihe to~n Of the Crown")
one l72l. Al the northern extremity
The the island are Fon Alexander and
rt.d battery of s. johns the latter !.
1 nj on pilss Ia the Aevs.
msa The fors Of Cronscllo,t of kotl
cap. os,roa. and Of Rie,baok. seem 70
..es made the deissoes Of the hHrbof ali
perfect Tbs hsrbors, dccks. and bs
of CronsiAdl have coal many iaillsoi