The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-07-29

70 prepsre his refuse timber into w
loalle commodity and tanneries foon-
dtr'es, and other ainilar works. ere rear
dly accessible throughout both provinces
The religious stathtic OF the country are e.
pecially evidence Of aA ADVANCED ttate Of socie-
~. Upper Canada has 1859 churches fr 95s,-
0O4 sdherepts OF these churcbss 226 helong
to tn Church of England. 1856 are R0nnnn Ca
thollc, All Metho0ists and l46 Pre~byterians,
the remainder belonging to other denomina-
tions. There is thus in the province one place
of worship to every GLE inhabitants. and 1t is
estimated that there Is accommodation for
100000 persons In Lower Canada there are
6l0 church.s for 890,261 adherents--146 S66
being Roman Catholics. There is in the pro-
vince one place of wornhip for every 1853 in
balitants. Upper Canada, moreover, can now
boost of numb+r Of thriving towns which are
progressing in population and commerce at an
unexau pied rate, and must Increasingly pro-
eress as the result Of the completion of the
railway facilities now being provided The
following table gives the value of the imports
from all parts Of few Of these towns during o
period Of four years.
1 1913: ls4o 1890 1851 Pepa.s.toa
Toronto. 7sss lsl54sa 2Sss, $50 seci, ESQ so775
Hamilton eai sSO l,i2s os4 Les ls? eleeeuo l4il2
Esssson sSsss sssssc Sss s sss
The smaller towns Of Stanley, Prescott,
Brockville, Oakville, and Cobourg show simi-
lar increase and 1t must be born in mind that
the returns at present furnished do not give us
either the commerce or the population dnce the
Great Western Railway line reached any Of these
places, but only at period when they were
dependent for most of their imports and trade
upon their inland communications with the
United States. For example, of the total i'm
ports into Toronto In 1861, amounting to 2,60l,-
y32 dollars 1,525,620 dollars came from the
United States
Vastly, however, as Canada and the whole of
British America must be benefited by the enter
prise at present directed towards the improve
ment of the internal communications of the
country, important consequences must result
therefrom to Great Britrin herself, and espe-
c'ally to her shipOwners. We have at present
going on from this country, and from Europe
upwards of a thousand persons per day to peo-
pie. the soil Of the United States and British
America, yet Of this vast number q mere frac-
ton only proceed direct in Britist ships to
British American ports. We have shown above
that a large portion of our shipping enters
those ports in ballast thus enhancing the cost
Of their homeward cargoes of timber, bread
vabtages afforded by the st. Lawrence route,
not only to Canada. but also to the western ter
ritory of the United States will become more
extensively appreciated; and the British and
colonial shipOwner will be enabled to compete
successfully in trade from which the Ameri-
cans, during the past ten years, have been
profting extensively, and almost exclusively.
The diversion of the passenger carrying traffic
to British American ports will at the same time
exercise an important influence in improving
the model and build of our colonial ships. A
considerable improvement has been effected in
this direction within the past few years, and
especially since immigration has increased so
rapidly to the gold districts Of Australia. The
builders in the ports of st. John, N. B., and
Quebec, have of late been producing ships
whose performances at sea have not been sur
passed by those either of the mother country
or Of the United States, which pride themselves
upon the qualities Of their clipper vessels.
Some Of the fastest vessels In our Australian
merchant feet are of colonial build and this
branch Of industry promises to become one in
which far greater amount Of labor and CAPT.
tai will be employed, than was the case when
the colonial builders studied only to secure
great carrying capacity at the lowest possible
cost Of construction.
We must. however, withdraw our observation
now from Upper Canada, and direct il to what
are commonly called the Lower Provinces Of
British America, the recent development Of
which has been very rapid, and which afford
most profitable fields for the exercise OF British
enterprise and energy. And in noticing these
we shall glance first at the province Of New
Brunswick. With respect to this province, the
following remarks are contained in report
recently made by Railway Commission to
the British legislature -
OF the climate, soil, and capabilities of New
Brunswick, it is impossible to speak too highly.
There is not q country in the world 20 beautifully
wooded and watered. An inspection Of the map
will show that there is scarcely section of it with
gable river. Two thirds Of its boundary are washed
BY the sea the remainder Is embraced by the large
rivers, the st. John and the Restigonchc. Tie
beauty and richuess Of scenery Of this
surpassed BY anything on this continent.
The lakes Of New Brunswick are numerous and
most beautiful; the surface Is undulating-hin and
dale, varying up to mountain and valley. II is
everywhere, except few peaks Of the highest
finest growth. The country can everywhere be
penetrated by its streams. In some parts OF the in
terror, by portage of three or four miles only,
canoe can float away either to the Bay Of Chaleur
and the Bay Of Fundy. Its agricultural capabl-
ties and climate are described BY Rouchette Martin
and other authors The country Is BY them-and
most deseryedly se-hishly praised. For any great
other British colony which presents such favorable
field for trial as Ne 4 Brunswick. On the surface
is an abundant stock of the finest timber which, in
the markets OF England, realizes large sums annual
ly, and affords an unlimited supply of fuel to the
settler. If the forests should ever become exhaust
ed, there are the coal fields underneath.
The growth Of the province in cultivation and
population although it falls much short of that
Of Upper Canada, has been very rapid for
country whose soil has to be cleared by the axe.
In ls40. the quantity Of land improved aud ua-
der cultivation, was 1861 acres. In 1851, the
quantity was 643,954 acres, showing an increase
Of fifty per cent. The population, in 1884, was
ll9,f77 in 1910, l56, 1872 and in 1851, l93,8OO,
although portion of territory, containing, in
ls40, 2,162 souls, had been ceeded to the United
States by the Ashburton Treaty. These figures,
however. form very imperfect basis for esti-
mating the probable future growth Of the pro-
vince. The ext. nsion of the railway system to
New Brunswick is only question Of time and
VII, this is done, the route both to Upper and
Lower Canada by the port of ST. John in the