The Bedford gazette. [volume] (Bedford, Pa.) 1805-current, 1854-10-13

-Species of Forest Wood-C Climate-
Liquor Lau-Spird F{asks- Origin
of the PioneerS-Soil-Pre
empfion HomeSteadS, SC.
CIV BowmAx This probably. will, for the pre-
sent close the series of Letters, hut, notwithsfand
ing, am always ready 10 answer individual commn-
nicatons, and trust that my old friends sill draw
upon me fog few lines when convenient 10 them
| am willing 10 serve them and without price.
Stock of all kinds does exceeding well IN most
parts OF this State. This prarie grass contains a
gummy substance, highly nutrcio0s, surprising, they
say, as facts will prove the fine blooming clover o
the East Such difference Will be observable IN the
runty sheep in three months that settler would
scarcely know thetn-M Madison, Guthrie and Carol
are counties peculiarly adapted TO sheep-the stock
is highly improved and so with other stock.
Sows litter thrice during the year and COWS viii
come im in months. In Guthrie county, /
was shown heiier, not yet four years old, having
had three calves-the fact astonshed me, bat was
confirmed by others, being general thing
in this region and west of this, sweet potatoes,
peas, ard beans grow Wild upon which the stock
iced. Straw berries grow wild on the prarie, as well
as other berries. AT present, we have wild pluH's
and crab apples in abundance.
Apple trees do very wen, bnt the peach tree IS
probably too tender for the cold wnterat least,
they are not much cultivated. There are fruit Apr-
series at all the principal townsone within one mile
Of the Fort.
The forest timber of this region comprehepds Wal
nut, Oak, Elm, White Poplar, Cotton Wood, Linn,
Hickory Ash, &c, &c. The kind generally used III
building Is Walnut
have been told that the climate accelerates con-
suglption and although have thought that the bron-
chial soreness with which affected, has in some
measure been removed vel fear the winter; but
knowing the and its effects must prepare for
the change.
There is a kind Of Prohibition Liquor Law il this
State, but the time regret TO record the fact
that more whiskey is now drunk than before It's en-
actment
Landlord or Grocer NAV sell as much or as little
as he peases, but it Is not to be drunk the prem
Now, the result Of This is, that there has been
good demand for pint TASKS and men carry them
with them in their pockets and hats
This is worse than what anticipated before
west, but when your stringent Prohibition
principle is set in motion, let it roll west and It's
friends here will hail it with pleasure.
This is comparatively new State, but It was set
tied and is filllug up with met-men strong IN Faith
and who love prime ple-men of hardy endurance and
manly energy, for none but CT energy will or
remain. If he wants this virtue, my word Tor It,
he will soon become discouraged and return and give
the country a bad name. They are men from New
England Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indiana They are
people marked above all others for energy and en-
terprise---and such the wanted heTe-men, 1,
who withoat home, ready to plant themselves
down upon some spot of this fertile garden--these
the men who viii make it by their toll, the rich
and most lovely OF all Iands-by tilling It's soil
exploring its streams, plains its bluffs for minerals
and metals, and sending these hidden treasures, To-
gether with the rich results of the plough and the
seed, TO supply the vast demands of The East.
Travel almost in any direction, and wherever but
one year ago, settlement begun, roads are now
opened-smiling villages have started into being and
civilization, egion and learning have found home
This change would have been wrought IN this
or any other State by aboriginal character, and hence
the policy of securing It from thea 10 answer the
wants OF emigration and civilization.
A visit TO the State the month Oi June, cannot
but be regarded with the most lively emotions Of in
teTest.
The depth and fertility of the soil is proverbial-
its depth varies from ten feet in the auyial fats 10
hut three feet on the bluffs or npands. Wherever
farmers keep the soil well IooSened, there is fear
of drought This soil absorbs the copous dews, and
during the driest seasons, dampness can be found
two inches from the surface Such Corn we have
now, never equalled IN Penna.
The pride and glory OF Pennsylvania, are her iron,
Coal and Manufactures OF New England, her
Yankey Notions Ohio, her Model City. Indiana,
her Rail Roads, bu: Iowa, from North 10 South--lrom
East 10 West is vast field of inexhaustlble Won
der and delight. Is, IN hne the oasis Of the Union
Il is generally known IN the East, that home OF
GO acres of land. may be obtained of the Govern
meut Agents az the Land Offices, one years Gre
dit, thus, selection may be made of go acres any
where Of vacant land. The person files al the land
office, has intention occupy SAID spot for future
home--withln thirty days, he must lay the iouEda-
ton OF his house, and then, within one year, ne must
fugsh his house, prove up his claim OF the land Office
by two witneSses-pay his money and the home IS
his II not paid within the year, il is iorirtpd-his
claim is lost. This is what is called pre-emptlon
squater claims.
Very many have been disappointed by the last
turn given TO the Homestead Bill, who expected 10
get homes for the coming, and II was pity that
they were not suffered to do As ii stands, how
it does not apply 10 any land east Of the Mis-
soHrl Riverin fact east of the Rocky Mountains, but
where there is any now found, which has been in
market ten years, the graduate price is 81 co per
acre. This OF course viii not benefit the poor uan
much, though il viii the States because, land that
has been rodden Cor ten years and yet vacant,
Is not worth much--still, that graduation principle
is good The State viii be enabled TO get rid
OF al the land, and augment her revenue.
Those who come TO Iowa to buy government land
must have gold. For every other transaction out OF
the Land Office, currency viii pass-cmrency of
every State IN the Union, passes here most general
ly. New York Drafts par-chased IN the East
and brought out-they safe and most convenient,
and can be exchanged for paper money, with half
per cent premium. Where, however, these drafts or
currency mast be exchanged for gold, shave oil two
and two and-a-half per cent must be borne
Gold may be brought oat. by getting il in Jacket
made Of heavy drilling, With holes aud tied "a
round the body. Three Thousand dollars will be
carried with comparative 1t is a very delicate
mater 10 volunteer advice, ahd extremely unneas-
ant, II othe:s, acting under that advice, make an
atfeHp 10 better their condition, and however much
they may be wanting IN energy and money, over
yghelm them selves and families in disappointment
tronble and deplorabIe Sdch cases | have
Enown-and unless they have means sufficient 10
meet the demands Of the first year, they will be
found amongst this class.
1t is universally conceded that the running water
found upon the surface, similar 10 springs is nothing