Weekly national intelligencer., 1854-04-29


DoDaE to expe the people from that purchase orders
which he executed in geneness and mercy going alone
explaining his business and requiring them go away
which they did, like good and orderly people and when
he was gone back like sensible and industrious
ple and secured their pre-empons Not only settled
but organized territory has been treated by the Fede
raj Government, and worse the people driven off and
their homes given away This happened in Arkansas in
territory was given to the Cherokees and the people
driven away Why, sir, this very line Of 800 30 with
all the territory side of it, and two degrees the
other side were given away to the King Of Spain This
has been the seventy practice of the Government
to treat the Territories as property and the people
unlimited guests to be entertained turned out the
owner Of the house chooses Fine sovereigns these
chased of by the military and their homes given to In
dams Spaniards The whole idea of this sovereignty
is novelty secuted from Congress when il first appear
ed in the Senate contradcted by the Constitution and
the whole action Of the Government in all time and
contradcted by the bill itself which is to secure it,
The provisions Of the bill burlesque upon soyer-
eighty gives to the people, instead of receiving
them, an organic act And what organic act I! One
in which they denied every attribute of sovereignty
Denied freedom Of elections; denied freedom Of voting
denied choice of their nws denied the right of
ing the qualification of voters; subjected to foreign
supervision and controlable by the Federal Govern
ment which they have had hand in electing and only
allowed to admit and not to reject slavery Their
eighty only extends the subject of slavery and only to
side Of hat-the admitting sides the other half Of
the power being held to be denied by the Constitution
which is extended them and which accordng to the
reading of the supporters Of this billy forbds any law to
be made which will prevent any citizen from going there
with his slaves This is squatter sovereignty nonner-
vention and power to legsate in Territories upon
slavery And this is called principle, the principle Of
the people alone to settle the
question Of slavery for themselves How settle 1t That
only be done in organic and they have such
act nor can have one till they make constitution for
State government All the rest is legislation, which set
ties nothing and produces contention at every election
Sir this principle of nonneryenton is but the principle
of conentiona bone given to the people quarrel and
fight at every election and at every meeting of their
Legislature until they become State government Then,
and then only, can they settle the question.
For seventy years-since the year 1874, when the
ganzng mind of Jefferson drew the first territorial ord
rance-we had uniform method of providing for the
government Of Territories all founded upon the clause
the Constitution which authorizes Congress to dispose
and make rules and regulations respecting the territory
and other property of the United States This mode of
has consisted of three grades all founded in
the right Of Congress to govern them. First grade
Governor and judges appointed by the United States to
adopt laws from other States to be in force until dsap-
proved by Congress- Second grade, Territorial Legis
aure when the inhabitants shall to five thousand
men above the age of twenyone, composed Of council
partly appointed by the United States, and House of
Representatives elected by the people, at the rate Of
representative for every five hundred voters its legsa
ton subject to the approval Of Congress Third grade
entrance the State government in full equality with
the other States This the way these Territories have
been governed for seventy years, and for adher-
ing to it.
And now what the excuse for all this disturbance of
the country; this breaking up of ancient compromises
arrayng one half Of the Union against the other and de-
stroyng the temper and business Of Congress What
the excuse for all this turmoil and mischief? We are
told it is to keep the question of slavery of Congress
To keep slavery out Of Congress! Great God It was
out Of Congress- completely entirely and forever of
Congress- unless Congress dragged by breaking down
the sacred laws which settled it! The question
tied and done with There not an inch square Of
territory ia the Union which could be raised without
breach Of compromise. The ordinance Of S7 settled
in oil the remaining part of the Northwest Territory be-
yond Wisconsin, the compromise line of $50 3 settled
in all country north and west of Missouri to the British
ne and up to the Rocky Mountains the organic act Of
Oregon, made by the people, and sanctioned by Congress-
settled In all that region the acts for the government
Of Utah and New Mexico settled it in those two Terrific
res the compact with Texas determining the number of
slave States to be formed out Of that State settled
there and California settled it for herself Now where
was there an inch Of square territory within the United
States which the question could be raised? Nowhere
Not an inch! The question settled every where
merely by law but by fact The work done and there
was no to get at the question but by undong the
work No way for Congress to get the question in for
the purpose of keeping it out but to break down
promises which kept it out
What advantage do the slave States expect from this
bY Certainly they expect the extension Of slave power
and slave population. That may prove faacious ex-
pectation The question Of slavery in these Terri
tories if thrown open to territorial action will be
question of numbersa question Of the majority for
against slavery and what chance would the shareholders
have in such contest? No chance at all. The slave
emigrants will be outnumbered and compelled to play ut
most unequal game, not only in point of numbers but
also in point of stakes The stakeholder stakes his pro-
perty and has to it off, lose it, if outvoed at the
polls see nothing which Shareholders to gain
der this bl-nothng but unequal and vexatious con-
test in which they to be losers deprecate such
contest and did part to keep it out of the State Of
Missouri when her constitution was formed was not
member of the convention, but chief promoter Of
the clause which forbids the Legislature to emancpate
slaves without the consent Of their promoted
that clause for the sake of the sake Of keeping
the slavery question of our elections and legislation
for the sake Of preventing perpetual strife among the
people. What did for Missouri would do for the Ter
rtores and If it open question would vote one
way or the other to settle it, but it is not open ques
hon and cannot be opened without breach of faith
and the destruction Of the peace Of the country.
Sir the question has been decided. The free States
against this bill and it is i'll return for their past
generous conduct to endeavor to force upon them
They have been not only just but magnanmous to the
slave States What the condition Of the slave States
thirty years ago in relation to the Of the soil within
their limits? Debarred Of great part of its use, In
dian population covering more less Of almost every
slave State, and preventing the expansion of its popula
tion What is it now? All relieved. The Indians oil
gone their lands oil brought under the dominion of the
white man. and the Of slave population and Of slave
cultivation greatly ncreased-to the extent Of third
fourth Of its soil in of the States. How was this
done? Certainly by the help Of free State votes or it
could not have been done without them by the help
their votes in procuring the appropriations and ratng
the treaties which the removal Of the Indians required
Missouri got her fine southwest quarter relieved by these
means. The votes gave us the Platte country !;
seven fine counties added to the State and that by
ing the compromise line to include it, and actually
verting that fine region from free soil slave soil North
votes enabled it to be done Northern votes altered
above an hundred miles of the compromise line for