The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-08-08

8&}0 DcC&mo laW ~ O$OD0OoF k11Ss = O63t "a COuR
Try exts ndiDg from the eastern limits Of Texas {,
the Rio Grande, the western boundary Of the State
and ying between the parallels Of so deg. 80 min
and 80 oeg. north latitude, SECURED from any fur
until the company building the railroad shall have
made their selections. IL lands enough are NOT
fonnd within this district then the company can
locate elsewhere on any ofthe public domain Of The
State.
A large portion Of the land passed over BY Col
fine for grazing, and upon tho streams aud branches
good for cultivation. At IS An acre. which is not
large estimate in tho vicinity Of the road the whols
amount for the eight hundred miles through Texas
wonid gives ,zO0 o0O, This sum will more than
We learn further, that frem Ell Paso II Ia ccntem-
plated that the road win be continued through Q
portion Of Chihuahus and Sonora, with the ultimate
ana oiving an entire railroad communication from
CaliforDis to the Atlantic States From Opelousas,
in Louisiana, road Il already being const ucted
towards Shreveport on Red River, aud line from
St. LOuis towards Little Rock in Arkansas. Capt.
Pope, Of the Typographical engineers left FL Paso
in March last, at the Same point On the Rio Graade
at which Colonel Gray took his departure and he Is
examining route through 70 Preston, on Red Ri.
vs. All these points, y Y supposed, viii connect
We learn that the people Of Sonora and Chihus-
hua are most anxious Cor the railroad and will do
anything in their power TO cid asd sssis. il com.
pletion.
At Ell Paso tho Padre Ortiz, ono Of the m ost pro.
minent and Influential mon In Chihuahua, was Vice
President Of large railroad meeting held on tue
American side Of the Rio Grande, and IL exertiag
himself in every way to cause the road to be built
through Cbihnshua In the vicinity OF tho town Of
e Paso. Every kindness and facility was shown
Col. Gray end his patty BY the Mexicars.
From the Rio Grande. Col. Gray pursued . due
vest course, stirling the river and valley of the
Rio San Miguel (sonetimes called Rio Santa Msra)
With empaies i1to Lake Guzman. The latter is .
eat lake. body Of water So strongly impregnated
with saline matter as To bs unfit for use. Upon is
b Edeis and on the Rio San Miguel some fne land
occurs, and fire springs Of fresh water. The fine
va ley Of the San Miguel to the Dorthwaxd Of Lake
Guzmap, lie included within the limits of the Gads-
den treaty; also the fine timbered region in the
neghborhood OF Tuhac and the valley of Santa Cruz.
Several new passes gro found through the ranges
OF fpouLfaiIs betv cen the Rio San Pedro and the
Rio Gfande. and over one hundred miles cut of in
distance from the enigrant road from FL Paso to
California. Many picturesque ruins, the work Of the
Apache Indians, ere-seen, and magnificent ranches
entirely deserted. On the $50 April Col. Gray and
his patty reached the ranch Of Calabazas. beougiog
to Governor Gandara, of 8 nora, and advised the
Mex,oaus Of the approach OF large BODY Of Indians
fallen in with the day before. An hour after Col
Gray arrived an attack was made upon the raach
by one hundred and forty Coyosero and Pind
Mexican Ia pcers hap enea fortunately TO be at the
ranch that day, and being prepared, met and de-
feated the Incians, killing fifteen, including one Of
the head chiefs. This was the first instance in
which the Apaches have met with signal defeat
from the Mexicans In the Santa Cruz valley.
From 1ubsc, Colonel Gray Proceeded tn the ranch
Of Boozan in latitude 81 deg. min and despat he'd
portion of his party in northwest course to the
ella, and proceeded himself southwest and west
toward the Gulf Of California, thus running two
separate lines through the unknown region lying In
the northwestern part of Sonora, and extending to
the nofthward OF tho parallel Of 81 deg.
Tho pynfOraf1Onc mr. rur nrOis ancNa NJ rrloma3
Gray, mace In connection with tho Atlantic aud
Pacific Railroad Company. through Texas. Chihua-
hua and sonora, and his previous survey Of the
ella ana that region, the chief surveyor Of the
Mexican boundary line. has given him an opportu-
nifty Of being better acquainted with Sonora and
chihuahua than any one-and will enable him to
present deeply interesting and valuable report,
particularly at this point Of time, when 90 much
curiosity Is felt for that section Of country.
Extent or the Mining Regions.
From the Sacramento Union, July H.
Not long since, New York paper, after noting
the fact that the amount Of gold dust shipped month
ly had fallen of, "a compared wi n previous months,
asked il the mpes OF California were beng exhaust
very satisfactorily answered that question. II vas
very ell kD0wD at the time that the falling OF in
the gold product was entirely owing to the scarcity
of ~bter and not 70 that Of gold or Of good paying
d ggipes.
Tnat surface diggings may become worked out
in particular localities, is not denied by intelligent
mine IT.; but We mutt remember there are thousand.
of &C es in the State of surface dtggitgs yet un-
touched. which will pay good wages whenever VA.
Ter can be obtained to wash the dirt. II is found
tia, gole il scattered in rich profnsion over the
b, usap hills viii b lie scattered between the Plains
ard the base OF the Sierra Nevada For s,me five
hundred miles in length by from twen'yto forty
miles WIDEN q direction from south to north
through the State-pay dirt is often found upon the
very tops Of these bills and in instances for an
irdedpite depth in d,wnwnrd direction. But the
vast majority Of these hills cannot be worked for
years, because oDg tiune must eapse before water
can tie carried into their vicinity.
Within the past year 1t has been ascestained that
q great portion OF these hiHs-mapy of them little
mountains-were originally deposited upon rich
leads Of placer gold. which being discovered
by tunnelliDg ard sticking shafts. In Inany instan-
ces the DEF osi's are found as rich they were in
the creeks. rsviDes and rivers in ls49.
This species Of mining has just commenced in
alforbia. and the sxteIt to which these hill de-
posits exist IL beyond mans estimate. With the
presen, evitep,e before BIN the geolcgist decides
that the Same class Of deposits will be found
through the full extent Of the miuing region; and,
if so, who Can presume to estimate the centuries
which are yet to roll round before trese gold de-
posi's In the - i'll di9gngs" in California will be
c1buUskdt Years on years must pass on the
wigs OF time before even the placer digytngs will
refuse to Yield fair return for the tabor of the
miner. Even in the plains Of this county there sre
acres upon acres which will nay good wages, when
plenty Ut water can be obtained. In the language
al TREND, who Is an experienced miner as well -
practical geoogist, gold and the certain evidences
That be found, may be traced from the plains
back Of Sacramento to the line Of perpetual snow
on the Stern Nevada.
But the "tteIDar' source Of gold lies In the I'm
meme and countless leads OF gold hearing quartz
rock, WI extend in northwest and soutnea st d.
rection the entire length OF the gold region In the
State. In these and similar leads decomposed by
tho pas. action OF the elements through countless
ages, We have the great matix-the great mother oil
f,.lA hat ~ hay haep fpnu htrl,
tss atts NJ ed the abo,s, expenses and ext erment
Of quartz miners up to the present time, enough has
been developed to prove many Of these leads very
ri b and that in few years quartz mining in CALI
iornis viii employ tens of millions of capital, and
produce annually millions Of gold. The extent o.
tbeae leads precludss Il c Possibility OF forming &C
idea n TO the time man VIII require to work them
ont with all the aid Of steam and machinery he car
bring 10 bear upon that kind OF mining.
Tskpg all our mining iesour' es into coDsidera
tioi-aId we may reasonably conclude that cca
ury hence the zane question, viii the Califdrois
mines become exbaus'eo2 Will be asked by those