The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-08-02
THE OIL ERA,

nE Oh OIL E n a.
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| Its History and Progress over the worad-It,
PErsence and Exisssnce I'm New York, and
Character Of It's Suhjocts-A Mode Of Treat.
meMt, and Means Of Prevention.
This disease, On good authority, Is believed Il
have prevailed in India from the earliest ages 1t
however, never excited much attention until after
the invasion of that country by the English. The
natives called 1t Mortdezim," or Death Blow
The French physicians in India called II Mort de
Cheinn-"Dog's Death" Mr.. Curtis, in 1910. called
it"spssmodic cholera" It subsequently obtained the
name of " Asiatic cholera" from having originated
In ASIA and it was called by Mr.. Bell, of London.
cholera asphyxia." which more properly belongs
to the character the disease assumes in its last
stages than to the aggregate OF symptoms going to
make up regular ease of cholera.
In 1917 Appeared With unusual viSu,ence, ia
August, at Jessors, in India, situated about one
hundred miles to the northeast Of Calcutta, thence
spreading from village to village, until it reached
the latter city early in September having destroyed
thousands In its march.
The district of Jessore in India, lies chiefly be.
tween the ATTITUDES of % and "a deg. NORTH and SO
and 80 east longitude. 1t about one hundred aud
sixty miles long. by thirtytwo wide. 1t has an area
Of about Eve hundred and eighteen square miles.
The population, in 1922, was ], $4,000
II is fat country, interested by numerous in.
terlAcing branches Of the Ganges. 1t contains many
extensive marshes, rank juugles aud is 10 every
respect well worthy of being the PaCdoras box of
cholera, the very centre and throne Of this far
spread pestilence. The portions Of srable land
dead levels. and exceedingly fertile.
The chief town of the district Is Jessore. or
MORLEY. 1t was here, in August 1917, that 10000
deaths occurred from this disease, and from whence
| it spread to all parts of the world.
From Calcutta it spread to Behar and to Benares,
and from the latter poin, to Alabahad. Goruckpoor,
Lucknow, Delhi. Meettra Meerat and Barely, all Of
which places suffered In 1t did not appear
in these places at the same time, but leaving it
would reappear in the other. 1t afterwards broke
out in the Grand Army, first at Muadellah, then in
Jubelpore and Sanger districts, and continued its
course over the Ocean in a violent degree. 1t con-
tiDued TO spread in the east of the Peninsula from
HuEingabad and following the banks Of the Ner6i.
dulah, it reached Tannah. II spread through the
cities of Aurungabab, and Ahmad Nugger, and
reached Poonah, and from thence visited Pawnwell,
In the direction of the coast, from whence texend
ed north and south, reaching Sasette, and arriving
at Bombay about the middle of September, 1918
one year after its appearance at Calcutta 1t ar
rived in Madras in October, 1918. After ravaging
| the Peninsula, it attacked the Island of Ceylon
From Ceylon it was carried In the Topaz frigate to
Port Louis ir the island of Mauritus. From thence
it carried to st. Dennis in the island of Bourbon
In 1919 it spread along the bay and coast Of Ben
gal, and from thence reached the Peninsula of Ma
laca and the Island Of Sumatra. In 1920 it visited
Siam. In 1928 it was introduced into the Burman
empire. II reached Canton, In China, in the au-
tumn of 1920. La 1923 it ravsged Pekin. In 1927
it passed the great Chinese Wall and attacked seve-
raj towns situated in the great desert of Cobb.
| In July, 1921, it entered Muscat, in Arabia. II
attacked other places the Persian Gulf II ragged
| again at Bombay in 1921. From the Persian Gul
II spread to Armenia, by the way of Yezd, Ispaha,
aud Tabreez. 1t reached Bassora, on the rive
Euphrates, and Bender, Abouscher and. Muscat
nearly at the same time, by different ramifcations
1t travelled up the river to Bagdad from Bassora
From the former place il reached Annah on til
confines of Syria. In 1922 it crossed over Syria +
Aleppo, by the way Of Merdine Mosul, Diabekal
Orfa, Biz and Antab, where it broke out in Novem
Der, having appeared at Mosul in the previou
July. In seven months it extended to CH
ramsnns from India, and finally reache
the shores of the Mediterranean sea.
July, 1880, it reached Astrachan, in Russia
ship from the port Of Bakon on the Caspian SEES
From thence it spread with the boatmen on the rive
Volga, into the interior Of Russia. soldier, it va
carried IT from the voga to military post on tn
river Don. In August and September, it passe
through the governments of Ref, Pultora, Podolia
volbynia, Croduo and Wilma which were success
sively attacked. 1t visited the town off SaratofY
and carried of 2,l70 people in few days, Will
the Moravian town Of Sarepts, near by, in conse
quence Of cutting off all intercourse, escaped. Ii
September, after visiting various intermediate posts
1t reached Moscow, the ancient capital Of Russia
Subsequently, It sxtendsd its ravages to St. Peters
burg, ArcbargIe, Riga, and Dan!zic ia Prussia. 1
also, in the summer of 1884, prevailed at Berlin and
Vienna. In November, 1881, it appeared at Sunder
land, in England and from thence spread to Gates
head Ne Tcastle, ard neghboring towns. During the
winter and spring of 1882 1T spread to various places
| in England, and also to Edluburg and Glasgow in
Scotland and to Cork and Dublin in Ireland. 1t visit.
ed London, and broke out in Liver oo in June 1892
| AID in June, 1892, it appeared among the emf
grants brought over to Canada in the shp Csrricks
| from Dublin Al of whom died on the voyage. 1t
continued to prevail among them after landing at
Quebec, and spread from them over the town. From
Quebec it reached Sorrell Montreal, La
Prairie and ST. John. About the first July, in the
same year, it appeared ia New York city, and on
the 7th in Albany. From New York it dverged in
tso oirectionsone along the seaboard, south from
city to another, aud in another along the grand
canal and along the shores Of he western lakes. II
| finally reached the Mississippi river, and proved
very fatal In the lstter part of the summer it
reached New Orleans, where it prevailed, conointly
with yellow fever, and produced great mortality.
tre.appeared in New Orleans in 1888 and 1891
and also re-appeared in New York il 1884, and
as ain in 1s49 and 1854.
Public feeling has undergone wonderful change
regarding this disease. When 1t frs. appeared, ia
| 1882, universal panic seized the public MUD.
Little or no experience had been bad In its treat