The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1852-1855, 1854-11-02

mo enquire, TO borrow the idea from one of
our own essayists, ''would he the destiny
of christianity, what would be the intel,
lectual character of our people,--what
would be the political condidon of the Re-
public, AVE, what would be the hopes and
prospects Of the world,-if,in all that gives
tone and yigor to these" the principle of
union of head, and heart, and soul, should
be abandoned? 1t is not within the scope
and compass of the human understanding
to measure the consequences of such a
state of things! Association, ,-combina-
tion, aggregation, ,--of individual means,
is nobier and mightier force, than the
lever of Archimades teouid have been, had
he possessed the fulcrum he so ardently de-
street.-The lever of the great Syracusan
would have movedthe physical, ours moves
the moral world, and holds it within its
orbit Let, then, fellow citizens, this un-
ion of feeling,-this community Of inter-
est,-this effective combination of means,-
continue to mark, not only this annual ex-
hibition Of our native productions;---but
also to form and preserve system of social
releation, between all classes of men, en-
gagged in the various pursuits oflife. This
union of means and objects, is of the most
signal importance to the well-being of the
two great leading interests Of the country,
the Farmer and the Mechanic. 1t is to
these two professions united, that we owe
the most gladsom spectacle the sun looks
down upon, in his daily course through
the heavens above us. What is it, that
l.. 10 taru
land, and whitens every ocean with our
canvass? 1t is the plough of the Farmer
and the hammer of the Mechanic! What is
it, that drives thousand daily trains of
steam-c carriages, laden with the rich pro-
ductions of every cline upon the face of
the habitable globe, through tunneled
mountains, and over up-lifted valleys? 1t
is the Plough and the Hammer What is
it, in time of war, the last calamity ola free
country, that sends our invincible frigates
laundering over the main,-builds up the
Notifications which guard our coasts, -
and supports our citizen-armies upon the
tented field? 1t is the Plough and the
Hammer What is it, that builds UP our
great cities, our inland towns, and our
thriving villages? II is the Plough and the
Hammer. What is it, that erects our tenn
pies Of worship,-endows our halls of
learning. seeds the school master a
broad, to scatterthe blessings of a common
school education among the people? It is
the Plough aud the Hammer. And, final
w, fellow.citizens, What is it, that gives
encouragement totalent of whatever grade,
inspiration to genius however lofty
hope and patience to the humble in the
great battle of life, ,--and light and cheer
: fulness to the domestic circle of athousand
Q happy homes? 1t is the Plough and the
: Hammer that does all these working out
: the great problem of modern civilization
: and fitting Man for the high destiny which
a Deity has provided for himl
+ 1t would be presumption in me, fellow
f citizens, to attempt to give you any new
q ideas upon the practical principles of youi
9 profession, after the ground has already
g been so ably occupied, by the sound, care
!, fuland actual experience of Mr.. BRAsEE
5 and the brilliant, critical and thorough
: analysis Of Judge WHITMAN. l canho
f refrain, however, from making passing re
J., mark upon leading department in the bus
It mess ofgood farming. | mean, ofcourse
= the subject preserving the essential ant
chemical properties Of soil. This is a sub
i ject which has been too much neglected BY
! our western farmers, whether from preju
# dice or carelessness, il is needless to en-
IS quire Now, what do we mean by tn,
q term soiIS The writers on agriculture
!, chemistry usually treat the subject, by re
# solving it into two primary subdivisions, a
Il being composed of organic and inorganic
l. matter. What do they mean by inorganic
c matter? They simply mean, in the appli
: cation of this term to soil, the natural re
j. suit Of the action of the elements upon tn
r, great rock formation of the earth, through
81 an almost eternity of the past. 1t is SAT-
ir by geologists. that this outer covering q
d the earth, which we call soil, is mainl
N composed of particles which have been dis
) engaged, by various means, in the cours
h of time, from the primitive and secondar
" rocks, on which it rests These agents {
ii disintegration were the sun, the dews, tn
rains, and the frosts, which converted, a
le they still do, the hardest rocks into impal
q pable dust. 1t has, therefore, been said
@ that when therocks of different location
e are geologically alike, that the inorgani
D. soils formed from them, will be of the sam
n natural fertility; and in proportion as tn
h, character of the rocks changes, in til
Mt same proportions will the soils differ. VIII
err do we hear the limestone regions praise
t. for the richness of their soils? 1t is b,
l. cause the soil in those regions is under
n- laid by inexhaustible beds of calcareous
: limstOne rock, which, for countless age
if have undergone the process of pulverizi
y ton, through the action of the elemen
r upon them, until q deep soil, of kindred a
10 6nities, spread over them, is the result
or The constituents of inorganic soil. calle
- the primitive earths,are clay, sand Lime an
= magnesia, being the most essential elemen
he of fertility, when properly combined wit
O. organic matter. Besides these our prin
Q. tive earths, produced from the rocks b
in the process Of fattrition, and which are gel
a. orally understood, in a combined form,
es tho term sub-soil, there is another impo
y tantprocess going on, in the great crucib
" Of nature, which produces the upper
VI organic portion of the soil. The scient
al of geology teaches us, that at very ear