Washington sentinel., 1854-05-03

The territory conveyed by the United States 10
| the Sacs and Foxes was for permanent home i;
/ 10 the kickapoos 9 as their permanent place OF
residence as long as they may remain a tribe !;
| and 10 the same tribe, in subsequent treaty, II
| was stipulated that the land they now occupy
| should be assigned, conveyed, and foreUer se-
| cured by the United States 10 the said kickapoo
i tribe their permanent residence" Sc. TO the
| Delawares, the land should be conveyed and
t0renr secured by the United States TO the Della
/ ware nation as their permanent residence, and the
United States hereby pledges the faith OF the gov
ernment TO guaranty TO the said Delaware nation
torerer the possession, &c, against the claims and
| assaults of all and every people Whateyeri 10
| the Shawnces Ottowas, Quapaws, and Senecas,
4 and Shawnees, il was agreed 10 . grant By paient
i ia fee simple, 10 them and their heirs forever as
| long as they shall exist" Ne; and TO the Peoras
| and kaskaskias, the United States "cedes, &c.,
land forerer, long as they may live upon il
| a tribe"
/ The treaties from which these extracts are made
are consistent with the Legislation of Congress.
/ On the 2Sth of May, 1880, Congress passed an act
| directory 10 the President of the United States,
| indicating the wish of the legislative department
| of the government as 10 the terms and conditions
| on which treaties should be made with the In
dians for exchanging lands The third section de-
clares, " that in making of any such exchange or
| exchanges it shall and may be lawful for the Pres
ldent solemnly TO assure the tribe or nation with
| which the exchange is made, that the United
| States will forever secure and guaranty 10 them
and their heirs or successors the country so ex-
changed with them and, il they prefer it, that the
| United States will cause patent or grant 10 be
made and executed to them for the same Pro-
ctdcd Arrays, That such lands shall revert 10 the
/ United States if the Indians become extinct or
| abandon the same.
| The. title for perpetual occupancy is clear and
| indefeasibe and as there is national necessity,
/ growing out OF our transmontane aud Pacific
acquisitions, to again ask red brethren TO mod
| ny existing stipuaions 10 suit the exgencies OF
the case would 1t be just or generous 10 acquire
their lands for an inadequate consideration, and
/ speculate in their sale upon the ignorance, the
| fear, or the weakness Of these poor Indians?
/ Your committee would not concede to small
i number of savage men, white red, the right of
| appropriating absolutely vast territorial area,
that they may live by the chase or upon the spon-
4 taneous productions of the earth rather than by
labor, when such lands might be required for the
plough Of the husbandman, or when the safety
i convenience OF an adjacent civilized State re-
quired that il should be subdued and brought into
cultivation The civilization of the white is vast.
| ly superior 10 the civilization OF the red man; il
! IS productive of more social happiness, and is
better adapted 10 intellectual progress. Hence,
when the expansion OF our population has re-
i CURED additional territory the government has
acted wisely IN appropriating IL generally by pur-
| chase, and for reasonable consideration, If the
/ value of the lands acquired is measured by the
I. usufruct it bore the Indians The guarantees we
! have given these emgraied tribes, the pllghtcd
faith OF the nation to them in laws and treaties,
render II imperative on the government to obtain
their consent before approprates their land and
that consent should not be given by the Indians
unless the government agrees TO pay them all It
may receive for the lands, deductng only the cx-
penses incident to its disposition. The bill meets
the justice Of the case. The money is to be paid
from time 10 time, the sales progress, and dis
tribuied to individuals in such proportions each
treaty may respectively stipulate. Each tribe will
| have one or more agents for making payments
and supervising generally their affairs. If any In
dian is by him considered incompetent 10 manage
prudently the sums TO be paid him. it will be the
duty OF the agent 10 report the fact TO the Pres-
f'deni, who is authorized 10 commute cash pay
| ments for payments in clothing, provisions Ne;
which articles made inalienabe to any white
! person under penalties which will secure the OBJ
| servance OF this provision. The President may
also authorize the money thus due to be expended
IN The clearing and fencing of lands, and the
ton OF buildings. Those who competent to
manage for themselves receive the payments in
cash. and may disburse il al their own option.
/ Every Indian will be secured permanent home,
and the comforts and pleasures il bears. II will
give individuality, selt-respect elevate his aspira-
tions and enlarge his affections. His moral and
intellectual nature will be changed his erratc
tastes will be swallowed up in the Establishments
OF permanent home, and his love of excitement
for war, and the chase will be satiated in the
QUESTION Of wealth and knowledge.
Individual right 10 property, with the privilege
OF enjoying, granting, and bequeathing it, is the
great effective stimulant TO industry without it,
,
than the barbarous rudeness of savage life
The Indian has no conception of title 10 land in
severalty; il is his while he occupies il. He has
no well-deined security for the rights of person
| or property; the weak have no shield between
! oppression and the strong. This makes the red
man idle he is not so naturally; his tempera
ment is active, and his motion is quick. Throw
around him the protection of the white mans
| laws, and he VIII rise not more highly in our APP
probation of him than in his appreciation of HIM
Il 4 a
i court TO appeal 10, instead of the war-club let
him feel that his person is secure, and that his
home is his CASTLE" convince him by kindness
that the white man is his friend and that all the
| race are not treacherous and the Indian will be
far nobler specimen of humanity than his former
developments would indicate. Give him the
rights OF citizenship when he proves himself to be
capable of their exercise by industry and good de-
pertinent, and you will have converted the rude
savage into the exemplary citzen-in war; to rally
under the stars and stripes in peace, to develope
the country-and when his posterity shall speak
OF the white man, let your public acts be so just
and liberal 10 the ancestor that they will blessyou
with benedictions, rather than curse you with i'm
precautions.
Your committee recommend the passage of the
| bill, with the accompanying amendments.
The following is the amended bill reported by
Mr.. ORR, from the Committee on Indian Affairs
defining the terms on which treaties shall here.
| for other purposes.
| BE AZ enacted By tie Senate and House of Repre-.
Sentatires Of Me United States Of america fn Con-
i gress assembled, That the President Of the United
States shall hereafter, If he deem advisable, re-
quire all officers and commissioners, negotiating
treaties for the cession or purchase of lands from
| the nations tribes of Indians following, TO wit .
the Senecas, Senecas and Shawnees, Quapaws,
Osages, Miamcs, Piankeshaws and Weas, Peo-
rias and Kaskaskias, Ottawas, Stcan Greek and
Black River Chippetcas, Sacs and Foxes, Kansas,
| Shawnees, Pottawatomies, Wyandots, Deawares,
Kickapoos, Sacs Iowas, Halfbreeds, Otoes, and
/ Omahas, 10 negotiate the same The terms and
conditions hereinafter prescribed, to wit: All the
lands within the boundaries Of the tribe or nation
makng The treatyto be ceded to the United States,
| and that as soon thereafter as may be practicable,
| the President shall cause the same to be surveyed
| and divided in like msnner the public lands of
| the United States have heretofore been surveyed,
| and Immediately thereafter each family of the
tribe nation shall be entitled locate as per-
manent homestead, if single person, over the
i age of twenty-one years. one-eghth of section;
TO each family OF two one quarter section to each
| family OF three, and not exceeding five one half