Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1854-05-23


=Hbetwccn Senators NaIory-anl Badscr pcrhups tb
oowing slip, which heads the cdit"ria! column of Il.
sfpapcr in question, =" lately rs the l3lh inst. ma
81 hruw sonic light Oh tie matter:
H APPRECIATION.
H The Shepherd "i III" Valley is published will, M
and recommend il 10 the suppor of th
PETER RICHARD,
81 ItlI July, lS'r'. archbishop of 81. Louis.
S9 --o~
A Mr. LrrCrEE Of Va, in the House. on Thurs,l,,
sanight fired br"adSdc into the lobby members wl
E5lavc been irnpnr:lS Congress for lands TO nil rli
ond projects, ,Hlddrcil Virginia from the CHARGE
"a llibcray towards such schemes. lie also cxrns,.
E3 3;hr abuses which took plncc in building custom
EIuusts, and continued his remarks until his hour ha,
81 ,xpircd.
n TIE NAVIGATION OF THE AMAZON.
y5MINisrER CLhYs I"EREsPoNpENCEWITITI TIE PERU
RI SIAN GOVERNMENT.
H Our readers arr already aware that very interest
Hing controversy la. recently taken place between ou
% Ambassador I" Pe:u Mr. Clay, and the Peru
Eavian Minister :r Foreign Ailara. Mr. Pa,
MSollnn concerning the navigation uf the An,
suzon and its tributaries within the territory of the lat
ID ar government. Mr.. Clay w;,s impressed with IN,
VI belief that omr treaty with Peru secured Us all The
Nprivilcgcs with regard 10 the navigation and com
Incrcc Of said waters 10 which any other nation wa.
ts.mtitlcd He regarded all the places on tho
sHpr,cr Amazon and lis branches as included among
S the ports and shores named in our treaty. Mr.. Sol.
n ian un the contrary maintains thai the words ''pnris
slnd shores only apply Ia the places on the scn!,our
(which are the general ports Of foreign commerce. lie
ebaScs this distinction un the ground that tho former
nrc her property and under her exclusive jurisdictions
wic the latter are not. Water flowing from five in
MlcpcnCrnt Sia!cs-viZ Venezuela, Brazil. Perm.
Sa:ru;r and New tircnada-turm the main strrnn ol
a;lm Amazon. With rcearl To this matter Minister
,sSoam mikes the i"luwins remarks
81 The undersigned is of opinion that in cnminor
S'hins each partner has the rg 10 enjoy the srinc
sslully and entirely, md in the same lIlIIncr rs r.
llr cupnycrS, for the :Iinpc reason that each ha.
81 nniributrd Ia the formation uf the general fund bv
n pan ui his own The Amazon bcin. formed from
Irhr rivers of five nations. each and a ui them have
i!r right 4" nay@atc III iiic upper cannrl Us well a.
Sm the lower. The rivers ni tie nations which are in
gIhc upper portion empty thcr currents into the lower
a-irraS receiving also with them and their current y
81 real ecrvtuC!c. In compensation for The rlanel
(Which they give III their territory for the descent u
r upper Writers. occiSiomll them imulrn.uI iIuA
d""dS. they acquire the night o; navigation n the u
a'cr p"rl!nn rs those I" This portion have the ri.hi
/" descend The sen. a> .ug would BIZ carrird down!
sy the waters. The rrriprncal service and loan uli
3wacra. drains lands "ir src'Ins, constitute the com-
immunity n rights, Gni"ymcnfS and charges. Il would:
5hcIcinrc. h injustice 10 refuse the navigation i
the upper regions I" those VIII" enjoy il in the lower
merely because Of the s!tGatinn i'll which they are u-
5catcd. International public hg ghways are cnjnycde
5ihrnuglnu! their whole extent, and not only directly
but alsu inrrrscy The channel is possessed:
!or n;vi i-u"n and for the innnccmt llsc.l
il the JOINT owners tut U; Ia bc conceded I" others
}whou, the consent ni tp whole. This in 10 wiscE
!cnniiicis with the sovereignty of cnr Snc. r in hcE
common channel neither Lns sovereignty, which l..
contradictory ol joint ownership Bur This Join; OWE.
rshlp does not hinder Of the States irom pcrni,-E
Ting navigation i'll It's uwn rircrs and commerce. upnrs
rlr banks. Neither IT," &:mnZun nur lts tributary
|Irc- belonging I" Pcr. !Iav: been nor Yet "pcrIi
'' !" iri-ii '",''nlrr''. nm II l',"%nn .i"'ii"r
invIgi and rn" ~ tar n- Nrn;n II j. "niy the inter
'nl 'r; peculiar +" riparian'. ai;' in which they
I'tvc right h." nj! the rcasnn' ilia; have been * ),
pressed. The declaration made in the second artirl,
III the treaty with Brazil asserting that the ilayi.;tir
uf the Amazon must brlnn" cyr!rS Svciv tn The, rttcr.
riiII"us States d"'s not @iipunln nor impose II newt
obligation: neither hus it csgLli-ied primcc: for i;
b. eternal truth Gnt Of ncnncsiblc evidence thaiE
ihc navigation III Ia" AuZnu river belong, ; all IN, i
na"s VIII" contribute with ;lrr streams fn form ;hl
anrcd or upplird and far from the r!r, ol "cra
unoI,, interested hin" disavnwcd III the rl""laraiIn
uI .h. lr,itv Peru and Brazil have acknowledging
and proclnincd it. Ii any have promulgated tho ir"t
navigation n their respective rivers tributary 10 ih,
Amazon. they will have exercised their rights ands
their sovereignty over their own territory: but thaiS
cannot be extended 10 the territory "l others, and toy
thc rivers COMMON Ia I'll.
.'ihc Government of the United States hh- rccog- :
nizc,I ;r right of Brazil and the common rights os
the Stntcs cuntcrmnnis 10 the Amazon i'll nn cXpiicis
manner: nnd Lclpc the President said in hi, ncsstgc4 I
,n the l.t Congress several of the South AinrrcaIJ
States deeply Interested III isiS attenrt L" Sec"rcs
hc free navigation of the Amazon ami II Is rcHson I
lille to cxpcc; their cn-nrcra;iOn III the ncsurc AS
hc advantages OF free commercial intercourse alnnngE
nations are better ;nicrstom, more liberal views arr
,cucrtl!y entertained ~ Ia the common rights "t alS
M the free Use nt the means which nature has nrnvidE
rJ c. international communications L" these iihcraE
and more cnghtcd views il Is hoped that i'razl VILE
,onrr her policy, hirl remove all unnecessary reg
.rictios upon the free Ut river which travcrSC
SO many States and large part 81 the continent.
In commenting on the foregoing. Inc cai'"rs oi thcli
" Y. Express say: a
The ,us,. seems Ia be much like one which we willy
suppose for illustration. if the upper nnviSihc lor-s
un Of the Mississippi with on" or more ol lis lEis
cable tributaries. il"w.n some distance tr"u%H ihcs
rrriinric, ui Great Britain ar Russia, before cr"+all'gS
|Ic boundary nf the United States, would We thlnks
ussn ur Grat Britain r ht i'll Offering free trade ands
navigation there to the French or other nations cSir-s
ialv if We had rraiy with Russia nr Great brliitIls
containing express provisions aGaiilst II:
Tl;. nnnci,t tn Ii. n fair though brief view nf thai
ranJ uo,s of the cusc and ii this view oi the cast
H. correct, the Peruvian Minister would npprar I" bes
Justified in Tie grounds he hs takcn Our AinSt"rI
jMr CLAW has shown very lively zeal III hch;it "is
;what H., considered our rights and ha: Gisglaycds
much ability in prosecuting l's rn. M Mr. $%'lam
lnntcs are marked by courtesy and the most r'ciiEs
lrrliuc iownr,ls our country and G"rcIrncih iisE
hast note. which cluscs tie correspondence, r"ncudcss
with these words Z
III IS no t;u be anticipated thht thr "vernmcnt Il
shc Union will complain or consider Itself i"-ricycds
:hy the coul,urr which the Peruvian Government Iih>;
3uud i,s, Obliged "a observe from the Necessity oil
complying with the positive ohsnll""I contracted:
swiIh Tie mpire which. whatever lnny be- their n;l-:
sturr whether iur her benefit "r INJURY srln from Il;
3ircny which lus imposed inevitable driie. upon rcr'
Nor would it lc worthy u! the nn='!;nnIiy ri thCI
American (;ovcrpmcn; to dispute with Brazil nnlI
Peru small theatre t" stimulate their nsi'ylly now
:yL;h h.., Lnvr hc, rcproachcd. American indus
enterprise have the WI T"'S ] w%'' to "FiisT II. EH% !rg
slrncy Tho Envoy Extraordinary and 'icnilnicEary
r Cny his esteem and Ssn, rSsEfS an" nd" nb hOmG,e ' n"%
srn subscribe himself hi oGedeh!' n'" nn,.o'e ';'
want. ousn W. i ~" ''''''''
PRINTING THE DEBATES.
Tho r,-,l,,.;,u r,.pccting tho publication nl lnt