New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-06-06

alarU
o. 81 Fugitive slaves within the limits OF The free states
Il true that but side OF this bargain or contract was
received into the written 's1t OF ,ne M ~
soub thai is the REIMBURSEMENT Of the common terrific
rial r-,esons the Union to freedom was already fuy
Yp,,d and dis harged. Slavery was restricted from ever
tho Northwest Territory, b. solemn compact un
derIyug the Constitution, and made forever binding 1y s
express provisions. The matter was forever se' ana
follv .ro.e Of and there occasion 10 insert IL
in the Constitution. But the consideration agreed 70 oy
the free States to find liz execution IN the hhen
future and bind them through all subsequent te
namely the ohg Ia suffer the reclamation OF fugl-
tive sayesand that with proprey was inserted INTO the
text the Constitution No one then dreamed tha 'nere
would or could be any other territory, owned in common
than the territory northwest Of the Ohio and the Consitu
tion contains provision and authority for the seoul
sition or the possession OF other territory Inc Com
,t,, will perceive that the views entertain of the sub
iec whose history have analysed and spread our 20 'he
contemplation lead me "a regard every attempt .! Ine
slave states 10 their institution into new territory
As violating and destoyng The moral force of the compact
by which the ve slave provision OF the Consau'ion
was sde binding upon the free States. The Committee
will suffer me 10 say that. perhaps should not nave et
constrained enter into this putracted debate hai NOT
conceived the district which represent on this noor 10 DE
particularly responsible for the great compromise or hc
rbaroe o souiyaeu: obligations, between the North ana
south on which az have shown the Union and the Con-
sti,ution rest Massachusetts, represented IN the Old
Coner,ss in July l7s7 by but two Delegates both Of
whom resided almost in sight from my doors-Samuei
Holten. of Danvers aterward Member OF tnis house'
under the Constitution. end Nathan Dane, OF Beverly
The unsurpassed legal learning of the latter enab' MIN
10 draft the immortal Ordinance OF l's' IN us hna shape,
IN. Of five that reported ~ ~ was
responsible for the arrangement that terminated me con-
act between the two sections Of the Union Besides mem
there was another distinguished person. whose name sHs
luster upon the annals of the counyin which rese'
and tie district havethe honor 10 represent III TINS House
Manassoh Cutler Of Hamilton, Massachusetts was III
\evyorl at ,ho time in attendance upon the Oil Con-
cross ard urging the settlement OF the territorial question:
He Lad before become deeply interested III the settlement,
Of the Northwest TerTiioTy. IL has been wen sgd t
beneath the shelter Of the covered wagon IN when ne
started from his village home in Massachusetts, 10 found
Marietta the imperial State OF Ohio was wrapped
up lie indeed remarkable man - haViHs
adorned, in the course 81 his eArdoIdihit"y ~
each Of the three learned proftssio Aiier the
eststlishmenr Of the Constiiuon he became member
Of this House the district represent As natural
M md man of general science he has had few superors
in our history. He truly philosopher AMI patF-
arch. He more than statesman lie was IN ioalu-
er OF The sixth section OF the Ordinance Oh 80
was, have 10 doubt me result ~ PaI', VI ~, :. w. IT,
and As bis successor this floor have felt II my duy
to explain il in this debate But must hasten on 10 me
conn rouises or conpacts were made between the two
great sections. shall not enter INFO the details OF me
Missouri Compromise-ha has been and VIII DE zone ny
oth.rs Suffice il TO say in continuation of my argument
that IL my view of the transaction. the Missouri Compro-
mise was a renewal, another sphere in reference to
territory that become the common property OF the
Mon by subsequent events, of the great compact o te
Ordinance of l7-7. IL was so not only IN spirit Du' 70 me
very letter A. in the beginning the desperate ana well
nigh fatal struggle between the TWO sec'3as was
10 favorab C issue in the only practicable way that Is
hv fixing line beyond which slavery could not co. ana
placing the tree again under the bonds OF 9 S
i've slave obligation The bed OF the Ohio RIVER had been
the boundary originally agreed upon IN iIe' as me e
east Of the Mississippi, beyond which slavery coala to
extend As 10 such natural demakaton existed u the
west Of river parallel of latitude was adopted ana
as Missouri. where the right To hold slaves had accrued
10 actual propretors under the treaty of cesslon from
France was nearly all above the parallel OF the mouth
OF the Ohio, in order 10 make an equitable partition
te parallel of 800 3O which IL lower than the mouth ot
the Ohio was adopted from the western borier OF the
Missouri over the territory ceded by France Inc cou-
Try above that was then wilderness. NO s'ayepropey
rights had accrued there and the adjustment was proper
one and in due time, acquiesced in by the Whole cpu-
ry The restriction of Slavery north OF 80 so ana me
fugitive slave obligation, are coupled together IN 'e l
sonr Compromse act precselya in the Ordinance OF
M Indeed the eighth section OF the act admitting MIS-
souri, which is the Compromise, Is, mugs N Aa.d.s
literal copy of the sixth article of the Ordinance oil e
1t Is in these words ,,. h.
% s.e That in al that tsr5iS.y ~ csSS BY
moth Of latitude included within the limits o. ts
Sisef ts IN The Punishment wIer, p,tte, nal
SS say, Tar any person escaping from whom
.or or service claimed any State or Territory Of the
Seyd to p claiming h her labor OF service a
Finally Compromises of 1850 were based upon the
same principle OF territorial arrangement and denaka-
ton They adorsed in emphatic language, the Missouri
COMPROMISE projected the line of 30 80 over territory 10
which il did extend before, admitted California Us
free state although running below 80 81 Dn maze up ior
it Ly allowing slavery get into Utah and New Mexico
It could aid relmposcd with rs many OF us then thought
and stl think aud uno ailcd Tor hashcs
not 10 say iihumantv, the fugitive slave obligation upon
the free States. have now shown, Mr. Chairman, ha'
The restriction of Slavery in the Missouri COMPROMISE
instead of being maintain unconstitutional IL the
y.fv principle upon which the CO Institution was established.
Tho compact which renewed and extended Is me soma
Las.men-sioiy upon which the whole structure stands
The spirit aud sssCnce OF that compact run through the
entire constitutional history of the country You can race
the genius and the hand OF the Constitution IN ths ieaue
of cur political system from turrct 10 foundHto-stone
The bill before us repudetes this fundamental principle
A GExTLENAN intenuptng. Then why not extend II TO
/ the Pacific
MIR. UpY,s-I did not mean to say word that
subject but must protest with all possible deierence to
NV exccon. friend no has introduced H. that am filled
with amGzement and have been during all the debates
which have taken place upon this question to hear gentle
men who advocate this bill upon the ground Of Congress
oual complain of us because We dd not
run the line of 80 the Pacific when II would
have cut a sovereign Commonwealth in two, and have
made Congress ride r0ugh-shod over State con-
-tution that had just been established. Applaise 10
far Sir from the Missouri compromise line beng unconsti.
uoIsl the principle il evolves i absolutely demanded
bv The very nature the Federal Union under the Con-
sution. A have ntmaied before there Is not only no
constitutional provision for Territories in common but they
bring system at into disaray and disorganZaon
s confederation Of two conflicting Interest," Tree laoor
ard slave labor Those interests cannot possibly be both
adjusted 10 the territory. This was demon
s,iaed at the beginning The Constitution could not have
been formed until the territorial question had been st
uf bv the Ordinance If territories
come in they too must be disposed Of. seycrally 10
or the other of the interests the spirit that presided
over the birth of the Constitution demands II. In other
words line of division and demaI kaon such q. the Mis-
-nur COMPROMISE absolutely required by.the genius OF
the Constitution and is in the only wise just and
practicable solution of the great difficulty IN the way Of
the preservation peace and harmony OF the American
Union III enother point of view, line of denarkaton
dividing the territory between these two sections
j. required by The OF the Constitution territory
IL common 6Lomaly in our system. That system
knows only the States separately considered and the states
unit,di territory l. necessarily eXaneous to-
and outside OF, tie system Ii compels the Government