The daily union., 1854-07-21

Of our refusal TO grant reciprocity our importing well a
exporting trade with Canada will be materially diminish
ed and the revenue of without receiving any
equivalent If the establishment OF liberal system
adds prosperity of people, and gives better
markets manufactures, il will increase our poduc
ton and enlarge power to import from foreign coun-
tries and 10 pay high duties imports which duties al
the time encourage infant manufactures IL
therefore be doubted whether loss OF revenue VIII
ultimately from reciprocity When we renect hal
the proposed arrangement viii induce the tanaoians
purchase largely in Atlantic cities the foreign iuxureS
which pay the highest rates of duty it seems more Proba
BILE for $500000 lost at the
the lines shall receive million at New York and
Boston
II Is said that the proposed of reciprocity is
limited in its application and il particularly Objectionable
from embracing manufacturer 1t must be considered
that the colonies take many Of our manufactures now
as they and pay for and if we give them ia
ces for selling their products without heavy duties
and cumbersome restrictions they will improve these fac
tiles by buying largely AS the colonies pay for the
expenses of their principally by duties inn
ports they compelled continue the already moderate
duties ON those articles which give them taeiI principal
ports the those of other country IN
cluding England, have the same advantages as
our principal competitor; although If American man
ufactures were included in the reciprocity bill, there
might be some increase in their colonial consumption
it would be nexpedent to urge such mod!hca.on
of the bill as would seriously impair the colonial rev.
enues Although the establishment of reciprocity with
Canada alone has been most prominently urged, there
be why the arrangement should not be
extended the lower colonies, particularly New Bruins
wick and Nova Scotia On the contrary believed that
reciprocal free trade with these provinces VIII DC OF grea.
value to this country 1t will be by the statement
given below that the lower colonies furnish market for
breadstus next In importance and nearly equal 10
Brazil and that the value OF the exports OF 20
these colonies for the last year nearly equal to the
whole of breadstus imported from Canada In the
lower provinces there duties ON our varying
from 25 to SO cents per barrel Within the last year ar
have been made by Canada with three OF the
provinces for free interchange OF their natural pro-
ducons The experience OF the last season mas nuucea
persons fully competent Judge in commercial matters TO
express the opinion that very large trade VIII DC ol-
ver,ed provinces from New York unless the present
are removed for the vessels which advan-
tageousy take -four from Canada to the lower provinces
under the present feetrade arrangement wl carry PACK
sugar molasses and the heavy foreign commodities which
Il would not be unreasonable the part of
demand the conditions OF reciprocity Win !ne
lower provinces that should have the free
of ST. John and other large rivers III New Bruns
wick that the export duty upon lumber cut on LANDS
owned by Maine and Massachusetts, the OF
the St John and foaed down that river to the should
be abolished and that citizens should have the rght
10 enjoy freely in common with brltsh suoees ,ne sea
and coast fisheries of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick
AS consideration for the advantages which we may give
the Canadians by yielding reciprocal free trade IT'S pro-
posed T their 90 Ta 70 grh hs % as
by the great wheapoducng population OF the Northwest
an equivalent for the disadvantages OF Canadian compete
on may be inferred from the petitions numerousy signed
which have been presented from Michigan, Wisconsin, In
diana northern Ohio and New York. praying Congress to
devise measures to open the navlganon OF the 81
navigation has been acknowledged by government
in the negotiations which have taken place for the purpose
Of securing it,
The great lakes are for commercial purposes but
panson of this mighty river 1t is the main artery to the
heart of the North American continent AS Guyot re-
marks in his Physical Geography: "Whe the winding
of Mississippi 5000 miles, its basin covers only
100000 100000 square miles At the side of the Missis-
sipp the St Lawrence has course OF 800 miles, and
of nearly 100000 square miles This river is the
natural outlet of Michigan portion OF Wisconsin, Illinois
and Indiana of northern Ohio of northern Pennsyvania
of northern and New York. and of the westerly
part of vermonta district comprising the principal
ton of the wheagrowing region of the United States
The present population of this valley including Canada
least 100000 1t appears from the able report OF Mr.
Buell. of Michigan the free navigation of the St Law
renee thai the in wheat in this valley rose from
27sooOO bushels in 1s4l O6ss,564 bushels in s47 at
the of increase Of II per cent which is thus
shown the value of this commerce in 1857 would be
over SiTo,ooo,ooo.
wonderful rive almost upon line of the great circle
globe upon which is placed the largest population OF
The whole world ha of Asia and Europe and the great
shortest possible dis lance between the great centres
of Asate and European population Notwithstanding the
false impressions distances which are gwen by .he
fiat charts Mercators projection he Navigation from e
heart of America to Europe shorter oy TINS river lh Dy
any other route quote from Mr. kteier aole essay on
the canals of Canada the following sateet as 10 he a
proxmatve sailing distances Liverpool from the great
rivals in the western tradeQuebec New YORK. ana new
Orleans:
To Liverpool from New Orleans $500 miles
Do Go Quebec by st. Paul's.. 1890
Do do Quebec by the straits Bell
isle and north of Ireland 1900
The position of this route with respect to climate and
latitude although first view serious objection has inn
portan advantages Pork bacon lard tobacco, and Hour
injured by passing through warm climates is there
fore predicted that many Of the products OF the Msssppl
valley would seek this route for shipment to Europe
Those interested in the OF the lakes desire the
free navigation the ST. Lawrence to provide constant
employment for their shipping throughout the year Du-
ring the long winter when the navgabe waters OF the in
terror are bound up with foss and OF northern
winter the vast capital employed in lake tonnage is idle
If the st Lawrence made free many OF the ships,
with their crews engaged during the summer in inland
commerce would seek the and gulf navigation and
the West India trade for which they are well fitted
With regard the general Importance to us OF this nav
lgaon cannot better express my views than by again
quoting the language of Mr. Bue in the report before
toned We cannot overlook the important fact that the
free navigation of the St Lawrence would in effect for
commercial purposes add three thousand miles TO our
ocean coast would the lakes into great ocean
hail. Burlington Oswego, Buffalo, Cleveland, Detroit Mil
wauke Chicago and all our lake towns and cities would
be substantially upon the They could thus carry
on direct export and import trade with Liverpool win
China any country Of the globe which may DC
accessible from the 1t would open their valuable
timber forests and enable them send ships well
goes for SALE the English mars those of any other
Country by whose navigation laws it might be permitted
Such change in geographical position could hardly fail
to produce great revolution in the commerce OF the North
west not by way of dvertng it seriously from s accus
toned channels by opening fields of enterprise
stimulating industry, and giving new employment to
labor No apprehension need be entertained that existing
artificial channels would not continue to be taxed Tor trans
poraon now the extent OF their capacity for pubc
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