The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-08-07

the government, which was written soon after the
treaty OF Adrianopie was signed. That desoatoa
points out the danger to Turkey hich existed after
that treaty had been signed. mean to read but
one passage Of tcat despatch, but the whole doou-
meDt exhibits those dangers in the cearest light II
is there stated -
The modes Of domination may be various although u
equally irresistible TIE independence of State meg
be oyerthrown and its subsection tfeectusisy secured
without the of hostile force or the Anent
oa ~ Of
somited in their extent although most important In
their character. They an commanding positions, tar
depopuIsted towns and better calculated rvet the
letters BY which the Sultan Is bound.
TIE desI atch goes on to show In what manner
that power il secured to Russia. For many pears
for twenty-five years-Russla was content, without
any increase Of territory and without bringing the
question OF her augmented influence to the arbitra-
ert Of war, to rest satisfied with those conditions
They gave very great power to Russia, ana now
that that position has been changed, II behoves
under the treaty Of Adianople. but the securities
which may be had with power having the sdvaA-
tages of the treaty of Adriapcpe and having, more
over, the will and the disposition to push those a.
even to the subiugation Of Turkey. (Cheers sSvw,
sr, ! SCI :Sss we are Justified Id 20 considering,
be6&hb6, II the first place, the occupation Of the
Prinoipalites was effected under the most fimsy
pretensicns. (Hear, hear.) In the next place, We
know from The correspondence which has been pro-
duced before this House that the Emperor Of Rus.
STA had fixed ioea in his mind that the empire q
Turkey was about to fall and that her negnb05s wers
justified in securing part Of the spoil to thena-
selves: We know more particularly thsttse possess
sion Of those provinces Of Walachia aud Msldavia,
under the title Of protectorate, was part Of .
scheme which the Emperor of Russia had framed in
his own mind; aud we know, mo cover, after q long
period indicating, must cay, In many instances q
temptation, great f0rbearance-f0rbearalce ia not
interfering with the other nations Of Europe, andu
not attempting o0nquest-tbat two parties have
grown up in Russia, known by the names e the
German and toe Muscovite parties; that the Mascc.
vite party have Of late Obtained sway and that II %
the fixed plan and purpose of that party to establish
what is called Southern Russia and that the seat
Of the empire Of that Southern Russia il to he Con-
stantinople. Clear, hesr3 | say, then, thae
with such knowledge of the state Of affairs, va
ought to endeavor to obtain securities against
aggressi0ns similar to those which have now
taken place, be anse hold it to be impossible ii ct
the arrangement which was made BY tue treaty Of
Adrisnope, with regard to the Princpalites, should
be again reneweo-Qoud and general cneering)--An
arrangement which gives The Emperor Of Russia O
predominant voice in the provinces OF Waliacbia aad
MOldavia, which gives him power of control 10
where he thinks that their affairs are not con-
Quoted to his satisfaction and which, by the dstrue
ton Of all the Turkish fortresses gives him the IA
cility at any moment Of occupying by his armies
that the integrity Of Turkey and the balance Of
power in Europe could not be secured by reverting
to the statu quo in regard to those provinces. Gre
newed cheering) But, sir there is another mode IN
pendence and integ,ity Of 1wkey-I mean the essab.
iishnent Of great fortress, prepared tcih all Gle
combination of art, made as ampsegna6te It
is possible for ant to make ii, and contsi~ing
,githin its port ve'y large fleet Of iint-ot esssk
tavoruble riad to the Bosphorus. sag
that that Is position 7senacsmg 10 Turkey that 10
treaty Of peace could be considered cise scach left the
Emperor of Russia in that position of menace
Continued applause.) Sir, have thought it right
to state not particularly, but generally. the views Of
the government with respect to the securities wAich
we ought to obtain; what those special securities
and how they should be affirmed is not subject a
which l think can 60 further than / have already
done. We shall be ready, as we have been ready.
to communicate with toe government Of France
heve that the views Of the government Of the Empe
ror OF the French coincide with our own in that
respect. (Cheers) We shall be ready to commu-
nicate also with the Roveroment Of Austris, when
they wish to know our opinions with regard to
UGH settlement as in our view could be aleae
ecure, honorable, and just. (Hear, hear.) Imxst
dy, and say 1t icith regret, that ksee no syw,p.
ON Of the Emperor Of Russia at present being DIS
hdre limited at order to gire securities snch
hare SAID ave desiTabIe-bnt cannot see that 10
disposed TO depart in any respect from those de-
mands which, when made by Priace MeGs hikof,
acquisition which has been already made by Russia.
From the time of the Empress Catherine the same
course of policy has been pursued by her. 1t vas
Russia increased territory. The treaty Of Kainar-
dill, will not say secured, but stipulated for the
independence Of the Crimea. Following treaties
OF succeeding wars made the Crimea Russian pro-
vince Bessarabia was ado ed lately and the com.
plete command Of the Danube, in such . manner
that Russia has been able to impede and obstruct
the navigation of that river, has followed the trea
y Of Adrianople SHear, hear;) At each step abe
has threatened Turkey. She has kept Turkey in
that state that, without giving immediate alarm to
Europe, she could dictate at COnstantinople. Late
years have seen considerable change In the govern
ment Of Turkey. will not say that the change hes
extended to all its inferior pashas and governors;
but the government of Turkey have seen that there
are new and improved modes of government, con-
sstipg in dispensing equal justice to all her subjects,
whatever might be their religion land which might
make Turkey stronger as power than she had ever
been while her strength rested upon the ascendancy
of the Msh0medan race, and the suhugation and do
graduation Of every other race. (Hear.) That i'm
provement OF Turkey has excited the jealousy md
apprehension Of Russia. You viii see that in no
case has the government of Russia, which has pre-
tended to be anxious for Christian privileges and
for the good of the Christian subjects of Turkey,
been favorable TO those amendments and enlightened
reforms which the government Of Turkey have made.
On the contrary, the language Of Russia has always
been, Turkey must fall unless her ancient kahome-
dan Inaxims are maintained in fofce-Turkey must
fall unless the old Mahomedan ~ stem is kept up IN
full vigor-Turkey must fall unless the separation
between the Mahomedan and Christian races IL
carefully preserved and strengthened" (Hear.)
Such being the language of Russia, who can doubt
what is the intention Of Russia? Who can doubt
that, going from step to step, augmenting her ter
ritory and increasing her influence, alternating the
Christian subjects of the Porte from the sovereignty
of the Porte, her final object-which commenced
before the middle Of Last century and which might
not be completed for some time to come-who
can doubt, / say, that her final object must be
the subjugation Of the Ottoman empire, and tho
absorption OF great portion of that empire in
her own dominions, while the other portion, mo-
n her influence and authority? Clear, hear.j
Such q state Of things woad be so dangerous
to Europe that we, on our side, must not stop
until we have obtained some security against such
a consummaton being efected-(h hear)-
We on our side, must not stopand, let me say win
not stop-until Russia s assured by the events and
the calamities Of war, by such failures rs she has