davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
THE DURATION OF THE WAR.


In regard to the duration of the war in
Europe Mr.. Walsh, the intelligent cores
pendent of the New York Journal of Com
merce, says.--
"In returning from walk just now, en-
countered near the Palais Royal Senator Of
my acquaintance Admiral. experienced
in State concerns. / expressed to him my
hope that the war would not endure beyond
six months. In Lonaon the Ministers called
it short and sharp; and the President of the
French Legislative Body. in his address of
last week, trusted that it would be vigorous
rapid and decisive. The Senator answered !:
No one of my colleagues or the members Of
the Government really expects that it will
end in six months, or can imagine when it
will end. According to the declarations Of
the British Cabinet, the struggle with Russia
was once for all. That was the idea of the
Flcnch Emperor, and the preparations On
both sides Of the channel were proportionate.
Russia had ssrength, pride, persistency enough
for a protracted, dauntless resistance; the
Gar bad been potent as a conservative; be
could be equally or more so as destructive
] was reminded of Samson: When he had
shaken the pillars the house fell upon all the
princes he killed more at bis death than be
had killed in his life time
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
POLITICAL srEcuLArIoNs.

The Washington correspondent of the
Charleston Mercury, In specutdting upon the
present position, and future probable fate OF
the Nebraska bill, makes these comments.
which we give, for what they are worth
Il think it not unlikely somewhat strange
result will be reached. think the bil! VIII
be so amended as to carry the united South
against it. The Clayton amendment Will, 10
all probability, be struck out. 1t limits sut-
frage to American citizens. They will sub
stitutc for it a clause allowing alien suffrage,
that is, every body to vote in defiance OF our
Naturalization laws Take this, in connec-
tion with the Homestead bill, giving the
greatest inducements to foreigners, and brib-
ing emigration-and the Territories will be
filled up before Southerners can remove there
But it is highly probable that the doctrine
of "Squatter Sovereignty" will be expressly
incorporated in the bill, despite the Southern
vote. In fact, the only thing retained 10 the
bill, win be the repeal Of the Missouri line.
but the repeal Will be antagonised by proyi-
sions practically anunlling it. The nominal
repeal of the Missouri line will be carried,
through pride of opinion, as the leading men
of some sections are pledged to carry it; but
they will practically annul the repeal by in
cooperating provisions excluding the South
from the Territory, FIRST by holding out induce
ments to foreign emigration, and secondly BY
allowing the Territorial Legislature to exclude
slavery. In this event nearly the whole
South will vote against the bill; while suf
hclent number of members from the North
will vote against it, on account of its repeal
Ing the Missouri line, to defeat it. The
waters OF agitation are opening up afresh.--
The thinking men here sec aud say, that 0
wilder crisis is coming upon the country than
even that Of 500
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
Sun SOIL PL0UGHING.

One of the good effects of deep ploughing
was exhibited few days ago in Surry county.
The Petersburg Express furnishing this in
teresting piece of news to farmers, says Mr..
j. Seward, farmer in that county, few
days since, pIoughed up an Anticipated piece
Of pottery in the form Of o jug, containing
about FIVE hundred dollars IN gold and silver
coin. One piece bore date of 1907, and an
other had on it Josephus l., the only words
legible. Nearly every peice had been clip
ped. Mr.. Seward was so elated that he
shouted long and loud, bringing has friends
from the house, who ran to him in the belief
that he ha3 been bitten by snake. The
coin fiom its age, and the fact Of its having
been clipped, may have belonged to some old
miser, who buried it at the time that coin
clipping became So common, especially among
the Jews in England, that au act of Parlia-
ment was passed, making it felony. This
might have been brought over by some boar
der, buried for safe keeping, and the spot not
having been properly designated, i could not
be found again. 1t is matter of mere spec
ulation, however. Ploughs always turn up
riches-if not in this form, surely in another.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
THE PUBLIC LANDS.

In the House of Representatives, on Tues
day. Mr.. Bennett reported back from the
Committee on Public Lands, his sill for
equalzing the grants of public lands among
the several States, with substitute. A ma
jority Of the Committee are adverse to the
bill and Mr.. Bennett took occasion briefly
to explain and defend it. BY his plan, the
National In.elligencer says it is proposed to
issue land warrents to the States in small
amounts equal to one hundred and sixty
thousand acres for each Senator and Repre-
sentatives. He expressed himselfas not ad-
verse to proper rail road grants; but in max
ing these be thought the old States were en-
titled to some share in the common fund
Mr. B. undertook to demonstrate that under
the present system the public lands bad new
er been source of revenue to the nation. the
expences of surveying and to keeping up the
land Offices, having exceeded the proceeds
The lands granted Co the new States alreacy
exceeded one hundred millions of acres. The
subject was laid over-Aler. Gag.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
FROM CALIFORNIA.

The following items of intelligence from
California, being to the 10th ultimo, brought
to New Orleans by the steamer I'll Dorado,
are telegraphed to the Eastern papers:
There is but little general news. The
country was healthy The rainy season had
been unusually severe.
The market for provisions at San Francis
co was depressed Many failures were an
ticipated
TIE accounts from the Walker expedition
were extremely discouraging TO those who
sympathize with it. Walker Was quartered
at San Vincent, and his forces were daily
dwindiing away. Several of his party bad
returned to San Francisco.
Lieut.. Strain and party, engaged in explo
ring route for canal across the I~thmus
and who we're reported to have been killed BY
wild beasts, have been heard from, aud arr
safe
Intelligence of disastrous character hat
been received from Col Fremont's railroad
surveying party. He was overtakeu IN tn,
mountain, in going over the Central route t,
San Francisco, and several OF bis party hac
died from cold and hunger.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
THr sEBR ASIA usIL IxrnE soUrH.

We lately pnliishcd sn article from the
i Richmond Enquirer in strong condemnation
/ Of the amendments witch have been made 10
the Senate to the Nebraska DILL, and doubling
as to the OCCASION for any great degree cfex
ultation al the SoBsh in yiew Of the passage
of the BILL These douLts Of the Enquirer
are entertained By large portion Of the De-
moeracy Of the South The Warrenton
Flag has strong outspoken article in its
last issue on the same subject, from which We
make tho following extract;
Eve have our doubts aud fears Of this Ne
/ braska bill To ms il appears surrender
of the rery grounds for uhich the South
| fought and eonfended IN 1850. To us it ap
pears the enactment by Congress Of that
principle in the Nicholson letter characterized
| by Mr. Calhoun as 'squatter sovereignty
The Senate bill as it went to the House con-
tains three provisions as regards slavery the
first repeats the Missouri restrictions; the
second declares that it is rot the intention Of
Congress to legislate slavery into any Terri
tory, nor to exclude It therefrom; and the
third which is Badgers proviso, declares that
no Law or legislation which existed before the
Missouri restriction either protecting or pro-
hibiting slavery, shbil be revived or put in
fierce.
1--WE cannot see much 10 any Of these to
demand the worship it is receiving from the
South.
ave believe the Missouri restriction was
nm od;ous uu, constitutional wrong, but cannot
SEQ that ;ts repea viii do the South any good,
further than rs a /, Ell apty triumph. Congress
will not legislate slavei.T into OF out OF Ter,
ritory, because she has no .such constitutional
power: bu, this bill tral sfers power which
Congress itself does not possess "a the people
of the Territories The Southern support OF
this bill is Reputation of the construc. 'on IL
placed upon Gen. Cass' Nicholson letter,
which construction Gen. Cass himself denied
1t is occupying the very ground on which the
South opposed the compromise of 1850, and
that for no possible good whatever.
This singular Southern unanimity is there
fore to us mystery, as well as the Northern
opposition. Why the South should hug to
itself bill which denies tue very principles
for which it has contended from 1920 to 1850,
and upon which her ablcst statesmen have
exhausted argument, we cannot see.
against this very Nicholson letter Mr..
Calhoun directed his powerful talents, and
defeated it; but the sod is not green upon bis
grave before the very men who followed him
now leap forward eager in the lead Of prin-
ciple against which be coutended. For our
selves we think this bill extremely doubtful.
"If the Nebraska bill had compelled the
people of the Territory to haye.left the ques-
lion of slavery in allegiance until the forma-
ton of State constitution, then the South
might have considered it triumph "-Aler.
GGz.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12

The steamship Europa arrived at New
York, on Saturday afternoon. The news
though interesting says the Baltimore Amer
lean, does nat present any festure Of special
Importance. No answer bad been received
from The Gar to the Anglo. French ultima
tum and the London Times announces BY
telegraph from Vienna, that it is not Lis in
tention to make any reply to il. This Of
course would imply its rejection in the most
offensive form. and indicates that the Car
is prepared to accept the alternative Of war
offered. Russia has consented to recognize
the neutrality Of sweden Austria is acting
with the Western Powers hut not in very
decided way, and doubts Of her good faith
are still entertained.
The Prussian people were retitioning their
Government to join the alliance against Rus.
STA. but il still maintains its position Of neu-
traIty. The Paris Moniteur semi officially
announces that the Gar, after bis failure to
obtain the consent Of England to the par.i-
ton Of Turkey, had made substantially the
same propositions to France These devel
opments have strengthened the union of
France and England Beyond scme slight
skirmishes, in which the Turks were success
full, no active operations bad taken place eli.
ther 10 the Provinces or Asia Two English
and two French men-of-war had departed
from Beycos to force the mouth of the Da-
nube. which the Russians were reported to
be closing, aud the frst blow by the allies
would probably be struck there
The war had produced an apparently set
tied dullness in the European markets.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
GREEN HILL CEMETERY.

A charter having been obtained from the
last Legislature for the incorporation of a
public Cemetery near this place, we are glad
to learn that active measures are being ta-
ken to carry out the objects of the charter.
The committee previously appointed for
the purpose, have purchased from Mr.. Eze-
kiel Showers, lot of ground beautifully sit
uated about quarter of mile east of Mar
tinsburg, containing Is acres. The in
corporators will, at their next meeting, to be
held at the Office Of John Weller, ESQ.,, on
Monday next, at 2 clock, P. NJ, adopt such
measures as will secure to the citizens of this
place and vicinity, that whieh is, and has for
long time been so much nteded,-an APP
prowriate place for burying tie dead.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
EARTnQuAKE IN GEORGIA.

Milledgeville and Macon were visited with
slight shocks Of an earthquake on the 20tt
nit. In regard to the one enc in Macon, The
citizen of the 2lst ult. says:--There seems
TO be some doubs whether the phenomena
which occurred here yesterday morning was
an earthquake or the effect Of some meteoric
explosion overhead At Gordon. slilledge-
vile aud Forsyth, the same shaking Of hou-
ses. and rumbling noise, like heavy distan:
thunder, took place. and correspondent
from Forsyth says that some Of the villagers
there, distinctly heard the noise over their
heads. The first shock took place here aboug
half past six A. NJ, and second slight one
about half on hour afterwards. The house
we live 10 trembled and rocked like strong
man 10 commissions leading to the supposi
tion that it was an earthquake and nothing
else. The direction Of the vibration was
from south to northeast. OF the one
in Milledgeville, the Recorder Of the 21st ult
says The first Of whish was alarmingly
perceptibIe, occurred ubout 20 minutes past
six o'clock; the last shock which was very
slight, was felt about haitian hour later An
old, Gle would be offended were we TO say
''the oldest, = inhabitant says severer shock
has not been experienced at this place since
1910 1t was very fitly described by lit
tie child, who observed, Papa, the house is
riding off
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
pisD.

On the 3uh Of March, at the residence Of her son ns.
near HaInesviie, Mrs. MARGARET BAN, eonssr. Of
ABRAHAM BAIs deed In the esth year Of her age she
has been for many years member the Methodist Prof.,
estant Church, In which shs live devoted ehs
an. She faithful IN the discharge Of ell her duties.
and upright in all her dealings. w.
On Wednesday, the 9th ult at The residence Of Mr
LAsHoRs, MARY e., daughter Of HxsRy and EvaLiss
LAsnoRs, aged - years, 10 months, and ~ days
In charestown, Monday, the Bird inst siter br!ss
but most severe Illness, MR. FRANCIS w. RAwLINS, 10
the 10th year Of his age.
In this place, the 30th Of March, HARRIET ELLEN,
daughter OIL Bowss, decd, aged II years.
On Wednesday morning. the goth Of March, Mrs CARO-
LINE CAMBRIDGE, wife Of Pa,Lrs 2. DAspsipas, Esa.,
Of Jefferson county
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
WEALTH IN THE UNITED STATES.


The accumulation If wealth in this coun-
try has been vast, and some estimate of its
extent may be formet, if we recur to the Of
fetal figures within otr reach in relation to
some items of fixed c'pital the large amount
of which is invested in manufactures, ship
building, railroads, houses and stores has all
been derived frem home resources.
The number Of houEes in the United States
by census, is 1868, AT, and free families 81
597, 240, or nearly one for each family. If
the dwellings, increase in the proportion ofthe
population, then the number of houses built
in the last six years vas $4,000; at an av-
erage of 1000 each, this would give $663,
100000 or $7o0,Oo0.0 600 With furniture
The tonnage Of shipping built has been L..
921 ,439; worth at an average of $50 per
ton, $1l5, 2S5, $40 the value of railroads,
$2S7 100000; new banks-capital $65,-
000,00 These itebs alone make the fol-
lowing aggregates.
Houses built, 1s4s ID 1854 $700,0o0,0 900
Shipping 10, 2s6, $40
Railroads 2S7 100000
Banks 65,000,O00
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12

gyF From statement Of the Treasurer Of
the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, We
learn that the entire funded debt Ct the
Company upon which interest accrues
is S9,607,635 80. Since the annual re-
port ofthe President was made, 1928, lo3-
rs, being the residue Of the loan Of 1899 has
been realized. This amount with the earn
ings of the road for the past SIX months, TO-
gether with S245,000 to the credit Of reye-
nue. from the last year, making some sz,k'VU-
600 IN all, has been applied to the reduction
of the floating debt, and to construction which
is constantly progressing. This is a highly
favorable exhibit Of the state Of the road, and
affords the assurance that, with no unforeseen
contingency to affect the reasonable antici-
pations for the future, the company will be
in condition at the close of the fiscal year,
to dispose of a very considerable amount as
policy may dictate.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
SKErCHxs or acTS PASSED nv TftE LAST
fspyrR II ASSEMBLY OF yiRGINiA, or rs
PECIAI fg TEREs TT0 THE CiTtlENsVF
THIS COUNTY.

Az act to amend an act to incorporate an
independent bank 10 the town q Martins.
bure. in the county Of Berkeley, passed
March 18th. 1858. Increases the capital
stock to 100000, and authorizes the presi-
dent and directors Of the back to receive sub
scriptions.
an act to incorporate the Middieway and
Gerardstown turnpike company. Creates a
cauital of not less than s4, 600. nor more than
$4,000, in shares of $50, Of which the State
subscribes three filths to Construct turnpike
eighteen feet wide, and at grade Of tour de-
erees. from Middleway in Jefferson, by way
Of Bunkerhill and Gerardtown, to some point
on Back creek which road may be metaled
or Nadamized at the discretion OF the COM
pany, Iy:u
eterv Of Berkeley county. A company is in-
corporated with tse usual powers for GENE.
terg purposes, its real estate rot to exceed
20 acres, and the capita rot to exceed So
600. No streets or alleys shall be made
through the grounds without consent Of the
company, aud the interest Of corpaTator or
lotholdesis not liable for the paymcut OF
debts. A. president, secretary and treasur =
are to he annually elected by the company,
and vacancies 10 the corporate body shall be
6lled by two thirds Of the remaining corpo.
ration.
An act providing for the construction and
keeping in repair the public roads in the eoun-
ty Of Berkeley. The lax on titbables shall
not exceed fifty cents
An act incorporating the town Of Hedges
vile in the county of Berkeley. Provides
for including sixty acres, three roods and
twenty three poles within the limits of said
town, which shall hereafter be under the con-
troll Of seven trustees and sergeant, to be
elected annually on the first Monday in May.
An act amending an act passed February
LIST, 1908, appointing trustees Of the town OF
Bath in the county Of Berkeley, and for 9th
err purposes therein mentioned. Provides for
the election Of nine trustees annually by the
qualified voters of the town, who shall take
an oath to perform their duties. The trus
tees shall appiint from their own number
president wht shall only vote il case of tie,
and who sballhave the power of justice Of
the peace within the corporation. With the
consent of the county court of Morgan coun-
ty the trustee, may shut up SO much of Civ
en- street as lies between its intersection with
Washington st,eet and the Bath square; and
the county coirt shall keep in repair the,
bridges Of the town. The power vested in
the trustees heretofore elected and their sue
cessors over tn, public property is continued
to them, hut tley shall exercise no powers
hereafter as trustees Of the town.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
: -
VIRGINIA RAILROADS.

1t gives US pleasure to mark the Progress
of Improvement in Virginia which seems to
by going ahead vigorously The Alexandra
and Orange Railroad we are glad to see an
nounced as completed to its intersection with
the Richmond and Stanton hae The road
from Alexandria is now flushed and in daily
operation to Gordonsyille (ninety miles,
where it connects with the Virginia Central
Railroad, upon which last road trains are
running daily between Richmond and Staun-
ton. The Alexandril trains meet both their
up and down trains daily, SO that passengers
can leave Alexandria or Washington 10 the
morning, md dine either at Richmond or
stanton, at their pleasure Persons in ike
manner have the opportunity now, from the
same places to visit the University of Vir-
ginia, Monticello, and the beautiful country
about Charlottesville ono day and return the
next, aiiosding ample time for the object
10 Richmond the running time and fare rs
about the same with the Richmond and Fred
ericksburg Railroad The Orange and Al
exandria Railroad is laid With heavy rail, and
the passenger cars, Sc, equal in styl to any
road in the country This must DO the line
to tho Virginia Springs hereafter, as il is enc
day in advance Of any other line to Stauuton
a~i Lyuchburg The ultimate destination
ri the Orange and Alexandria Railroad Is to
Iyuohburg, where it meets tho Virginia and
Tennessee Railroad aud from whence Rail.
roads are now in progress OF construction and
ia operation together towards aud through
the eptire Southwest
BY The time tho Grange and Alcxandr,
Railroad Company can fill up TIE gap Of six
Nv miles between Charlottesville and Lynch
burg. there will be afforded continuous line
Of railway f,cm Washington more than oue
Thousand miles in extent. reaching to Mem
phis. Mobile and Nav Orleans directly,
without counting the lateral lines branching
in every direction from the maia trunk.
Nat. Int
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12

CONGRESS-.

Nothing ofinterest or Importance has been
done in either House during he past week.
In the Senate on Monday last Mr.. Masen
gave notice of a bin to authorize the extern
sion of the Baltimore railroad to poipt ON
the Potomac river at or near Washington
city.
HOUSE The House in Committee Of .he
Whole on the Appropriation bill Mr.. Mac
donald Of Maine, occupied an hour in answer
to the request of the Legislature of Maine on
the subject Of the Nebraska bill, and took is
sue with that body 10 reference to the propri-
ETY. Of its passage. lie meaatto vote for TIE
measure Mr.. Faulkner. Of Virginia, follow
ed on the same si4e, and argued against the
constitutionality Of the Missouri Compromise
line of 1920 and in favor Of the Nebraska
bill.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
LADIES' SUFFER.

The ladies Of the Methodist K. Church, in
this place, will provide supper at the Berk-
eley Seminary, on next Monday night, the
18th. We are assured that every thing will
be provided that can be desired. All who
possibly can, will, of course, give them a
call. The fund thus obtained will be spent
in procuring lamps, &c., for the church.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1854-04-12
LATE ELEc rIoNs.

The State election in Rhode Island last
week resulted in the choice of Hoppiu, wing,
for Governar by 262S majority. The SEN
ate stands 10 Wings to Is Democrats and
Independents, and the House, Al Wings to
81 Democrats and Independents.
The Connecticut Senate stands 5 Demo-
Gratis to 10 Wings, and the House 90 Dem
ocrats to l2S Wings and Free Sellers. The
result secures Wing u. S. Senator, and
tho election Of the entire Wing State ticket