Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1854-04-01

them. one treaty containing such guarantee ratified
by the Senate is sufficient to show the policy of the Gov
ernmen and its obligations to all the emigrant tribes
Well sir under the persuasion and encouragement held
out to the Indians by the promises assurances and gus
rantees have enumerated twelve fteen differ
en tribes entered into treaties and removed to the terri
tory assigned and dedicated to them west Of Missouri and
Arkansas Some eight ten Of those tribes numbering
at this time eight ten thousand souls received alot
ments of land west of Missouri of them occupying
the territory embraced in the Nebraska bill Of the last
session and the Territory of Kansas proposed to be
| ganized by the bill now under consideration
And how did the provisions of the bill of the last session
stand in relation to the obligations and guarantees OF
the Government assumed and given in the execution of
the policy of Indian removals That bill proposed
ganize anl establish Trrtora government including
within its boundaries all the emgrant tribes of the
State of Missouri and forthwith authorize the settle
men of toe unoccuped lands and thus to surround the
several Indian tribes with white population, and
sequenty to bring upon them all the evils which they
had to encounter in the States whence they emigraed
1t was for these that objected to and denounced
/ the measure.
i There another objection which might have taken
to the Nebraska bill of the last session. but which did
not because would not be the first throw down gage
inviting renewal of that sectional conflict which sheok
the confidence of thousands of gco citizens in the
bity Of the Union in 1850, and which trusted
to renewed in this chamber or in the country
There is no longer any reasonand unfortunately ns
thnk-that should forbear to suggest it. 1t this
From the date of Mr. Cahoun's report in 1926 and
especially since the act of $780, sanconng the policy Of
Inan removal and the ratification of numerous Indian
treaties made in pursuance of that policy, the country
west of Arkansas and Missouri has been regarded
Indian territory, dedicated and guaranteed pera
nen residence for all the tribes which might think pro-
per to emgrate to it the terms held out to them by
the Government. And here would be pleased that the
Senator from Ohio CHR. CnAsE would answer question
which, want to ask him. if he deems it worthy of reply.
would like to know why and upon what authority, in
his late appeal to the people the subject of this b he
designated the territory south of the line of 36o 3O
Indian territory, distinguished from the territory
north of that line? @'
Mr. CHASE. will simply ask the Senator if is not
Indian territory?
Mr.. BELL. But the other is Indian territory also.
Mr.. CHASE. Certainly.
Mr. BELL It was SO by the established policy.
Mr. CHASE. The territory south of 36' 3W was In
dian territory and proposed to be left such by the BILL
The BILL if is passed. would the territory north
of $50 30 pto organized territory, excluding from it OF
those portions which inhabited by Indian tribes
not ceded by treaty.
Mr.. BELL No man, from the reading Of that address.
would have supposed that the territory north Of 800 3
was admitted to be Indian territory.
To resume my argument. 1t so happened that this
Territory divided into equal parts by the line of the
Missouri compromise 36o 3o thus taking from the South
territorial sufficient to form slave State,
and from the North territory large enough to form
free State according to the terms of the Missouri
compromise.
The great object of securinga country for the exclusive
and perpetual inheritance of the Indian tribes, when
driven from their original possessions was thus accom-
pshed without any jealousy between the North and the
South growing of the slave question The South, in
surrenderng the territory west Of Arkansas that the
North made equivalent concession its part. think
may say from what know upon the subject, that but
for the perfect equality Of the arrangement between
the North and the SOUTH the policy of Indan removal with
the principles and guarantees upon which founded
would probably have been sanctioned by Congress-
Unfortunately for the success Of this arrange
ent it happened that while the popuous tribes which
emgated from the Southern States to the country west
Of Arkansas occupied the whole OF that portion OF the
Indian territory lying south Of the line Of 36o 3 from
various it turned out that much smaller number
eigraed that part of the Indian territory lying north
of that line and hence the present of the
country upon this subject The eight ten thousand OF
the emgran Indians, together with about equal num-
ber indigenous Indians nhabting the country west Of
Missouri DO to justify the exclusion Of the white
the large resduum Of unsettled country around
them and later whatever be the fate Of this
BILL they will be compelled to yield to the nexorable law
find one, perish where they under the opera
on of those which have heretofore proved so de-
structye to their race.
What conclusion do draw from all this. Why, that
the territory of Missouri having been set apart and
dedicated permanent habitaon for the Indian tribes,
soregarded for the last twenty thirty years. having
the sanction of law and numerous Indian treaties to sus
tain acquiesced in during all that period BY both the
North and the South, without alteration disturbance;
and this being free territory BY the terms Of the Missouri
compromise and the equivalent conceded by the North
for the humane purpose Of providing permanent pos
session the Indian tribes for like concession made
by the South of slave territory the other side OF the
line of 36e 30 it amounts to compact understanding,
part expressed and in part implied between the North
and the South carrying with it obligations and binding
force if of any less validity than any other compact,
think it would plague the ingenuity of the most sophsti
cal mind proYeit Therefore, if this territory is not
remain Indian territory equal justice to the South would
seem to require that such guarantees should be voun
ary conceded by the North would to the South
the formation of slave State should the country torn
be adapted to slave labor equivalent for the
loss of south of the line of the Missouri compromise
Ard if the experiment should show that the country pre-
sented adequate inducement to the introduction Of
slave labor and it should become free State then the
South could complain if the North should profit by
those circumstances which to demand that this
territory should change its destination, and become the
and abode of the white instead of the red
have consider whether the provisions of the pre-
bill relieve it from the objections which had to the
Nebraska bill of the last session Of Congress Does tho
bill under consideration violate the obligations which the
Government has entered into with the emigrant Indian
tribes The original bill reported by the Committee
Territories contained provision excepting the lands held
by the Indian tribes from its operation, in the precise
TERMS believe, of the Nebraska bill Of the last session
yet it includes all the emgrant tribes west Of Missouri
within its boundaries except two three small tribes on
i the west line of Missouri and the Cherokee boun-
dary and like the bill Of the last session. authorizes the
formation Of white settlements around the lands occupied
by the Indians, So far the objections exist to this
bill that urged against the bill Of last session But It
contended all removed by the amend-
suggested by the Committee on indian Anas anu
N engrafted upon the bill 1t is in these words:
And be further enacted That all treaties laws, and other
m made the Government of the United States
with the Indian tribes nhabns the territory embraced with
n in this bill shall fsthfdy and rgidy observed, nowih
NJ standing any thing contained in this act
G. The amendment provides that all treaties laws and
other engagements made by the Government Of the Uni
A. ~; ,nha