davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17
AGRICULTURAL GEOLOGY.
BY JOSIAH HoLBRooK.
No. XI.-HYDRAuLIC LIME.

lludor is the Greek word for water. Ginomai
gennao added, gives the origin of the word by
drogen. Metron, pathos and aulos, added to hui
dor, gives hydrometer, hydropathy, and hydrau-
lie. Hydrate of lime is newly Stacked lime, con-
tanning twenty zone per cent. of water and seven
nine of the oxide of calcium. Hydraulic lime
is mdter cement. 1t was most fortunately discoy-
cred i'll large quantities at the very commence
ment OF the Hudson and Erie canal in the rock
excayated for the work Before this discovery,
mnde by an agent who had visited Europe in be-
half ofthe work, the calculation to import
this Indispensable article from Europe. 1t has
since been found in very numerous and large de-
posts, adding immensely to the facilities and the
progress of the vast works of internal improve
ments already completed and now advancing by
American enterprise. No one work, probably,
made so large demand for hydraulic lime and
water cement as the Croton Aqueduct of New
York.
The various uses, both in architecture and ag-
riculture, for this material, are numberless and
namelcss. For most public works it is indispen-
sable. For numerous domestic purposes it is OK
ceedingly convenient. 1t is so powerful as a ce-
ment that two masses of stone cemented by it
will sometimes break in another part of tho mass
before separating at the point of junction.
The oxide of iron, in connection with a portion
OF alumina, or clay, causes its great cementing
power. In preparing il for use it is burnt like
common limestone. Instead of stacking it is
ground, when, with mixture of sand it is form
ed into mortar and is ready for use
Though numerous deposits of this very vaua-
BILE material have already been discovered and
brought into use, advancing immensely the inn
provements and the wealth of the country, depo-
sits still more numerous doubtless still remain
unknown. Once let each of the eighty thousand
schools, and the six Millions of families in our
country, become an Exploring Agency" to
discover the resources of science and wealth un-
der their feet and within their reach, and number
less beds of hydraulic lime mari, valuable ores,
and other minerals, both rich and beautiful, will
be brought to view and put to their proper use.
Another discovery, still more important than
lime, mari, or gold. will certainly be made in the
operation. 1t has already been made in very nu-
merous cases This most important discovery,
certain TO be thus made, is that bad BOYS are
good boys-the worst the best leaders of row.
dy gatherings will be, they have been,very often
leaders in exploring expeditions the more efii-
Gent for being juvenile, voluntary, and gratui-
tous. -
ExeERIMENT.-Let any teacher or parent re-
quest his pupils or children to find what curious
and beautiful minerals they can, and the result
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17
HOUSE OF DELEGATES.

TUESDAY, Feb. IL, 1884.
The unfinished business, being the considera-
ton of the bill to provide for the completion of
the CoUington and Ohio Railroad, came up in
order, peadng the motion of Mr.. Barnes Of Mar
ion for its indefinite postponement.
Mr.. Barnes spoke briefly in favor of his motion,
and was replied TO by Mr.. Smith of Kanawha-
after which the indefinite postponement was re-
jected by the House without division.
The vote ordering the bill to its engrossment
was then reconsidered by vote of lO1 to ~
and the bill was then laid on the table.
The Senate bill, amending the charter OF the
State Stock Bank of Richmond, taken up,
and the question being its passage, it was
supported by Messrs. Mayo, White and Anderson,
and opposed by Messrs Rutherford, Mallory Tom
lin, Kemper and Campbell, and rejected-5O to
76 The bill reduced the minimum capital from
100000, to $4,000.
The bill providing for the removal of free ne
groes from the Commonwealth, and establishing
certain general regulations with regard to them,
taken up and made the order of the day for
Saturday next
The bill increasing the capital stock of the
Fredericksburg and Gordonsyille Railroad Com
pany, made the order of the day for Friday
next.
ELECTION OF SUPERINTENDENT OF TIE Penn
TERTIARY.
The joint order of the day for the election of
Superintendent of the Penitentiary, came up
for execution.
Mr.. Garnett, from the special Committe ap-
pointed to investigate the conduct of Charles 5.
Morgan in the matter of the application OF ). A.
Smith for pardon, made report, accompanied by
the evidence taken from the committee. The
Committee in their report, while they excul pate
the motives OF Col. Morgan, declare that they
deem his conduct is Justly liable to censure, as
from his position he ought not to have used his
influence to sway the mind of the Governor in the
case. They confess that his motives were pure,
and that he was actuated by humane sympathies.
The report and the evidence were ordered to be
printed.
Mr.. Tomlin moved to postpone the election of
Superintendent ON the ground that he had not
read the evidence and wanted to do so before
casting his vote for against Col Morgan.
The House refused to postpone, and after u
discursiye debate, the motion to postpone was a
gain renewed and again rejected Messrs Hay
mond and Wallace, who defended Col. Morgan
with much zeal from any imputation upon his
motives, or his fidelity 10 the public interest, ex-
pressing their Willingness to acquiesce in the
posponement.
Before this discussion, however Mr.. Mayo had
nominated Col. Morgan for recollection and Mr.
Carter, of Lee and Scott, had nominated John w.
M. Ely, the Delegate from Lee for the office.
A great deal of debate ensued, in which many
members participated FINALLY it was deter
mined to read the evidence and the Clerk pro-
ceeded to do so-and with occasional Interruptions,
had progressed within page of the con-
clusion-when
On motion of Mr.. McKensic, the House ad-
journed.
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17
From Washington,

The Baltimore Patriot has despatch from
Washington, stating that the Senate on Monday
confirmed the nomination of Mr.. Gadsden as Min
lister to Mexico-Mr. Houston alone voting
against him. The same despatch says the Admin
istration are anxious that Mr.. Nicholson should
purchase the control of the Union newspaper
Major Hf ris, who is the capitalists of the paper
and n large owner of the Sloo grant, is said
to reuse to SELL unless the President will agree
to send the Conkling treaty to the Senate. This
the President positively refuses, and Mr. Nichol-
son will probably leave the paper unless some
compromise shall be effected. In that event the
Sentinel may become the organ of the Admins
tration.
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17
General Assembly o. Virginia.
SENATE.



TUESDAY. Feb. II, 1854.
Mr.. Douglas. from the Committee of Finance,
presented their report on the debt, resources rev.
enne and expenditures of the Commonwealth
1000 extra copies were ordered to be printed.
BILLS PASSED.
Making appropriation for the completion of
the Pennsylvania, Moreantown and Beverly
Turnpike Road Ayes ~ noes Is.
To incorporate the FL Dorado Turnpike Com
pany. Ayes, 81, noes 10.
To egalize the subscription Of Wythe Turn
pike Company. Ayes 81, noes 4. This bill
had previously passed the Senate. The vote was
reconsldered en motion of Mr.. Tate, and the bill
amended on motion of that gentleman.
NORTH WESTERN RAILROAD.
A bill concerning the North Western Railroad
was taken mp, and an amendment proposed there
TO by Mr.. Turner elected long discussion.
On motion of Mr.. White, the bill was laid on
the table.
The Senate resolved 10 meet and after
Thursday at | / O'Clock.
On motion of Mr.. johnson, the Senate adjourn
cd
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17

Hon. JOHN Y. MAsoN.-We have heretofore
alluded to the reception of Mr.. Mason, our Min
isfer, at the Court of France. 1t is stated that
when he presented his credentials to the Empe-
ror he was introduced to the Empress who CON
vtrsed with him in FL glish for about half an
hour, and afterwards forwarded an invitation for
the grand ball which took place at the Tuilleries
the following evening. One of the imperial car
rlnges was set to convey the Ambassador to the
Tuileries and reconduct him. back to his hotel
Mr.. Mason appeared in the Court dress hereto
fore worn on official occasions by American Min
isters' which was gratifying to the Emperor and
Empress and all others present
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17
CONGRESS-.

WASHINGTON, Feb l4.-Gen. Armstrong sent
to the Senate to-day, communication asking to
be relieved from publishing the reports of that
body
Many petitions were presented against the Ne
braska bill
The French Spoliaton Bill was presented and
ordered to be engrossed e.r
The Nebraska bill was taken up, when General
Houston commenced his speech in opposition to
the bill, aud without concluding, the subject was
postponed until tomorrow.
After Executive session, the Senate adj
journed.
In the House, the Homestead and Nebraska
bills were taken up and considered. Mr.. Daw-
son spoke in favor of, and Mr.. Mace followed in
opposition to the Nebraska bill.
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17
LATEST NEWS BIZ THE NAILS.
Tho Cadaden greatly Provisions.


WAsHIxGToN. Feb. I3.-The following are the
principal provisions of SIr. Gadsden's treaty now
before the Senate:
1st; The new boundary commences two marine
leagues north of tho mouth of the Colorado, Civ
ing us no access to the Gulf of California, and
goes between latitude thirty and thirty-two
to the one hundred and eleventh degree of long
itude west of Greenwich.
I'd. 1t abrogates the 18th article of the treaty
of Guadalupe Hidago, and cancels all claims of
Mexican citizens under that article TO date of rat
ifcation.
3D.. The United States pay fifteen millions OF
dollars in monthly instruments of three millions
each-the first payable ratifying the trea-
ty.
9TH. Reserves five millions for claims of Amer
lean citizens in Mexico, including the Garay
grant.
9Th. Both Governments agree TO put down Fill
libustersm, and pursue the Fillibusters with ar
my and navy into the others territory.
9th Agrees to refund goods and chattels sto-
len by Indians from the citizens of others coun-
try.
The President amends No. 5. by striking out
the pursuit by land and sea into the others ter
ritory, and he amends No. A. by not mentioning
any particular claim.
The amendments are very important. The
treaty will be ratified in its new form.-Balti-
more Sun.
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17
Politics in the Pulpit

BosroN, Feb. l2.--Rev. l., n. Kirk, in his
sermon at the Mount Vernon Church this morn
ing pointedly condemned the Nebraska bill In
conclusion, he invoked the prayers of the church
for our Legislators at Washington, and especially
for Senator Douglas and Franklin Pierce.
The Rev. Theodore Parker also made the Ne
braska bill the subject of his morning discourse,
denoumcng it and its author with eloquence and
sarcasm.
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17

The notorious Madame Restell is rain before
the public, having being arrested in New York on
a charge of producing abortion in the of Il
young woman who last summer was seduced by
a wealthy merchant. She survived the operation,
but has lately come to the determination to pros
ecute its performer well as the destroyer other
vrtue.-The case is before Justice Stuart
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17

The evidence before the San Francisco Court
Martial is now thought to be going strong against
Col. Gates. Nearly all the officers testify to a
want of attention ON his part, and selfish atten-
ton to his own wants and those ofhis family that
will tell much against him. Major Wyes' testi-
mony is looked for with much anxiety,
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17

The STEAMER GEoRGA.-We learn that the
steamer Georgia, which put into Norfolk ON Fri
day night, with 600 passengers on board, bound
for Aspinwall, was more extensively damaged by
the storm than was at first reported, and will not
be able to take her place on the line for some
,vnnLs tn
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17

NORFOLK, Feb. l3.-The steamer Empire City
Capt Budd, arrived to day, to take off the pas
sengers rom the steamer Georgia. They are
being transferred, and will sail to morrow.
The passengers are much pleased at the prompt
their relief
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17

The morning train Of cars yesterday, upon the
Va. and Tennessee Railroad was stopped some
five miles above Forest Depot by ga slide' and
returned to this city. We have not heard its ex-
tent, but presume that it has been removed by
this time
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17
10 the Voters of I..r,,e

10 the Voters of Lynchburg
A. cahd'date To- your snhage.. at the eecto in
- next 'or tie office Of Mister of Police Aft.r n
['sl'q' of ony-t@o ears in your cir, and neisb.r.
-, '" !. unheeesSt ryt say anything of myself
the Office Cro pp ~ M ure pot,es OF
jan 3l-lte AL ok
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17

1t is stated that Ex-Presdent Fillmore is about
to be married to Miss L. p, only daughter of a
gallant U. S. officer deceased, and lady of rare
talent, superior accomplishments and large for
tune.
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17

BALTIMORE Feb l4-The Hon. Jas. A. Pearce
(whig) was o-day reelected L. S. Senator for
six years from March next by the Maryland
Legislature
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17

win be the commencement Of theological Cab
inef7 for the school or home Of the young explo-
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17
EVENING SESSION.

The evening session was devoted to the CON
sderation of bills in their early stages and no.
thing of general interest was definitely acted on.
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17

not in the organization of any Territory, aoqnir-
ed since ii has been so unequivocally sane
toned by the people, but in repairing wrong
heretofore done.-in healing n wound long ago
inflicted on the con stitution. and in restoring
right which fanaticism has hitherto wrested rom
and still proposes to withhold from the people oil
the South.
After this great principle had been SO recognized
as we have shown. the South did not take the m
itiatye in demanding its application, as wei To
relieve her from past wrong. as to secure her IN
future rights although she might well have done
so. She remained passive. She awaited the
period. when the North herself, actuated by JUS
tee and a returning regard for the constitution
should take the first step. That step has been
taken through the committee on Territories; and
though the failure to adopt this clause OF the
Nebraska BILL which is designed to repeal the
Missouri restriction will give the South no legal
cause of complaint, as for neic aggression upon
her rights vet the breach Of filth upon this great
principle of Justice, so solemnly declared at Bal
timore and go overwhelmingly ratified by the
people. will, in morals, be an outrage unsurpas-
sed by any which the South has yet endured, and
will Justify her in taking, whatever action her
own honor and safety may seem 10 her 10 require
We invite attention 20 the advertisement of the
MISSES GORDON. who, as il will be seen, propose
establishing a School for the education of girls
and young ladies. on n more enlarged plan and of
a higher grade than any hive hitherto had in
Lynehburg We commend the effort 10 the favor
Of the public, and sincerely hope it may prove
successful.
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17

AIK = aShlngtOn'S BiTth-nav
:, ne Lahes, Aiemheis and Friends of the Nj, thu
oi'l i"testnn Church, will hold d FAIR AMI FEAST.
commencing Tuesday evening tie 2ls inst On ih,
clsinn The three roo ms in the basement oi rho Al p
1"ufch VIII De occupied-one of them exclusively for
me meat tables where rythng will be served mn in
nv ny y otder lite Ladies wish improve their house
r ana nope fora liberal patronage To their
."s N Dom departments The rooms are sufficiently
s 20 ana "i AL respects be cry agreeable
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17
SPECIAL NOTICES.

I81 THE RESPIRATORY ORGANS are a peculiarlv
sensiti'e part of the human frame, aud their suscep
biy to disease manests itself in rious forms spcb
Us coughs Colds Ciour, Bronchitis. Asthma, and that
fearful scourge OF our race, CONSUMPTION To remedy
these diseases stabler's Anodyne Cherry Expectorant
offered to The public, with he that it is no
en- iical compound, but preparation sanctioned by
medicn' scenre and coNnmenisi"n. rs beneficial ef
ietts IN all the above forms uf disease have boon cer
Ned to by ncrnti override Testimony. You aIe advised
to ave II trial Slablor's DirrLra Cordial is also
remedy which has been tested and approved BY humid eds
" p'y ''eian' and others See advertisements in apoth
CT column and descriptive yamphets TO be had en,i
Ut the agents Price of each unl, so ce Is or six bot
les fr - 10 cJ * 10
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17

Important from Central America and Mexico.
NEW ORLEANS, Feb. 12.-1he Delta of this
city has letter dated Mntillan, stating the Te-
huantepec road was formally commenced opera
tons at Sachil on the 25th.
A door and window tax has been established in
Mexico.
A correspondence of Count Raousset de Boul-
bon had been intercepted, showing the existence
ofan extensive conspiracy to revolutionize Son
ora and Lower California. Large bodies of men
had been marching thither from San Fran
cisco.
A conducta had arrived at Vera Cruz with So,
00D,0C0 in silver, which was mostly taken by the
English steamer.
The barque Lady Suffolk had sailed for Yucca
tan withseveral hundred troops for the Indian
war.
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17
Valuable Slaves at Auction
POstpOnenlent.

TUE above sale has been postponed until r..
81 dhy of February 'Ue'l
WIN. II. MosBY.
Yep lo--l2Ileo for the Lepnln.
Lynchburg daily Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1852-1861, 1854-02-17

lust received. 50 Bushels ipcrior o'''''
- winch will be sold low ~cti-e 1oSu
feb IL 81 w II -"
The Empire County argus., 1854-06-03

Dnily Lin. Of Stages.
ColOma, Spanish Flat & GEORGETOWN.
A DAILY line of Stages f,om Co - starting at
IN O'Clock a. M and arriving at )rgetown@va
Louisville and Spanish and American Fats-at 10 O'Clock
A. M.
RETURNING
Leaves Georgetown at clock and arrives at Colon a.
p NJ This Line connects, Coloma with the ata
for Sacramento City.
Georgetown Hotel, Georpetoyn
Winters Hotel, foiomo
nov 19--lf ROBT ELLIS ppo,,p
The Empire County argus., 1854-06-03
Public, No. III
AN ACT for the benefit of citizens and occupant
IL ,1.I, IL. L..

AN ACT for the benefit of citizens and occupants of tho
town of Council Bluffs in Iowa.
Be eadctot tile 5Mate anI Xouse Of Iepresentatues
Of the CRted States t 4aaercd in Congress assemJEed
That the Judge OF the county court such for the county
of Poiawaon!e in the State OF Iowa. be- and he is here
by authorized To enter at The proper land Office by paying
therefor at the Vi dollar and tive cents tho
acre, The half Of The southwest quarter of section
thirty the west half Of the northwest quartz of section
thtyone, III township number seveniy five, north of
range forty three he southeast quarter and the east
the northeast quarter and the east half of the northwest
quar- OF section thirty-slx township seventy five
north Of range tory-tOur west in said Iowa, in
trust for the several aud benefit OF the occupants there
Of according to their respective interests; the execution
OF which trust to the disposal Of said land and the pro.
ceeds of the sales thereof TO be conducted under such
rules and regulations prescribed by the legislative
assembly OF the State of Iowa in entitled IAN act
regulating the disposal OF lands purchased in trust for
SIZES, approved January twenty-five eighteen hun
dred and htywo, may hereafter be prescribed by
the legislative assembly Of said State Of Iowa Pf00ided
That OF SAID Judge, not in conformity to the rules
and regulations he ein alluded to- shall be void and of
elec nu proe1det utso That nothing herein
ained shall affect preemptGn orher rights that may
have accrued under any other act of Congress.
SEc q And be it t4ither enactcd That the entry con-
emplated in this shall be made within twelve months
from the date Of the passage hereof aud patent shall
issue for said land IN other cases.
Approved April 6, 1904
The Empire County argus., 1854-06-03
MCCONNELL g. CO.'S EXPRESS.

Exchange and Banking Office, Main street, Coloma.
Mcconnell 4 Co. run daily Express to Sacramento.
connecting with Wells, Fargo " Co S EApress to San
Francisco, Oregon Atlantic >tnts Calads Europe.
Treasure, packages parcels forwarded with safety
and despatch Special attention given to the collection Of
notes and accounts.
Sight bills ofcxchange drawn all parts Of the Atlantic
States Canadas and Europe. Checks at Sight all parts
of California.
Deposits received, special Or otherwise. GOLD DUST
bought. MCCONNELL 81 co.
The Empire County argus., 1854-06-03
DIR. j. II. DULIN

~OULD respectfully inform the citizens of Fl Dorado
w and the adjoining counties that he still resides in
Union CITY, at his old stad where he will be happy a-
minister prescribe to for any who wish his
vices He nothing Of mercuria corrosive nature
internal remedy he pursues the old German method
of discriminating Judging diseases by the Urine, i'll
which he has not failed to give definite description of the
disease. He also proposes to describe all
INTERNAL DISEASES
by the pulse In all external diseases ho wishes TO the
patient If those who may have tried their family phvs
clans and they have failed to relieve them, viii call him.
that in they would receive entire satisfaction
in the following diseases he has had unparalleled success
in affections, affections of the liver, dyspepsia
febrl diseases in their various types, peu1sy, asthma
coughs, colds, etc.
INCIPIENT CONSUMPTION,
rheumatism fits dopsy cancers, white sweling ulcers
of all kinds stua piles diseases Of the Spleen ntencs
and kidneys Distractions of the urine organs all kinds
OF Female Diseases if certificates Of any account
ne could obtain those of hundreds who has realized such
unparalleled benefit and relief by taking his Medicine
only In acute attacks, but diseases Of long standing which
nas perhaps been lingering and preyng upon the vitas for
monttS and perhaps All those who may have
sion TO SOCK tho aid Of Physician would DO we'll to give
nln call and see and test the for themselves lie
ed down to nc old notion ne spun theories but the
ories principles and remedies which he has found by dill
gent study and cloo adherance to the laws of human
nature experience and practice be ecacous and nfal
nbe when IN the power Of medicine and all he asks IS for
MS practice to be appreciated in accordance as it merits as
&c knows that systems whether of medicine or anv her
scence must stand fall by the effects they produce
Call and see for yourselves.
l6tf Union City, Feb. @, 1854