The daily union., 1854-02-08

dis.
a AIs hsshod hbsssiss banchises outlawed
Isd. o. In manner deprived Of has life, liberty az
Psspsstys but by ths law Of the land"
Did Congress adopt that amendment No, sir; il
sdosasd sad proposed to the Slass very deren, amend
neat il vas this.
:. Ne psrso9 -. shall BE- deprived of lie. liberty.
propsry. w'thout due process ofiaw"
Nov. cir. 10 my Judgment this prohibition was intend
= - comprehensive guarantee OF personal freedom,
oad tenies absolutely Congress the power of Iegss
iqg tos the establishment, maintenance OF slavery.
vesh y sancent 10 prevent the introduction Of slaves
no asy teri0tv acquired BY the United States. AT all
eveasg, taken in with the ordinance. and with
~ o9aal pScvision OF the constitution, il shows con-
usysy The absence Of all intention upon the part OF the
iousdefs Of the 10 afford any couniensce or
psspo.ioa 10 slavery outside Of State limits Departure
1eqD Ne Interpretation Of the constitution has
~ ~ necessity for more positive prohibition.
Ny geAesal view upon this subject is simply this:
&aSqgy b the s0bjeciion oil the absolue die
sea1ag y he principles of the Declaration Of Indspsnd
soees and ~ The Law OF nature alike men, endowed
- tAee Creator with equal rights. Sir. Mr. Pincknsy
exAlalneds by The eternal principles OF justice. no man
- TIE S.aas has right 10 hold his slave Tor snKle
hoas Slavery, them exists nowhere by the law OF ma
tass Wherever exists sII, must be through the
sanction and sspport OF municipal State legislation
Upon This stale OF things the constitution acts. re-
eoansss Al men ~ per.oas confers no power but
tAs eoetaSy expressly denies all power TO the gov
esnmsnt 81 IL creation TO establish continue slavery
Csagrsss has moro power under ,he constitution 10
Uqke e1sve than make . king no more power 10 es-
nAlish slavery ,hsa 70 establish the inquisi,ion.
AZ the sane time the constitution coniers no power on
CoOemoe, but on the contrary, denies all power TO in
tsese with the internal policy Of any State. sanctioned
and established BY its own constitution, and its leg
iseon, in respect TO the personal relations OF its nhab
ians The States under the constitution are absolutely
ieefyom Ill interference by Congress in that respect
cspt. perhaps. in the Of or insurrecon; and
may leGisase - they please within The limitations OF their
own constitution. They may allow slavery II they
laws. BY which slavery allowed and regulated ope
rats only within The limits OF the Sais and can have no
extra territorial effect.
fniom in support of the doctrine that slavery Is against
natural right absolutely dependent for existence con-
tnusocs upon The State legislation might quote the
seonfal rejection BY Randolph Of all aid from the gen.
eral government 10 the institution OF slavery within The
Saisa 4 might quote !as decision Of the celebrated
Chancellor Wythe OF Vigina--overrnled afterwards,
know sr, in the court OF appealrhat slavery so
against justice that the presumption OF freedom must be
allowed in favor Of any and every alleged slave suing for
Liberty and that the ohus OF proving the contrary rested
think, iii. have now shown that the ordinance Of
1857 and the constitution OF the United States were abso
lately 10 harmony with the other and that ii the
ordinance had never been adopted the constitution itself
properly interpreted and administered would have
cludsd slavery from all newly-acqured territory. But
y, whatever opinion may be entertained in respect to the
inleapssiaioa OF the constitution which defend,
uAiag y absolutely ndsputabe and that is, that was
he original policy of the country 10 exclude slavery from
al national territory.
That policy was never departed from until the year
l7oo, vhsn Congress accepted the cesson OF what IL
now Tsnnssses from North Carolina. Bu, did the
cspAnee OF that cesson Indicate any purpose OF esab
lshing geographical line between slavery and free.
doml Why, air. the contrary. the Stale OF North
Carolina. aware that in the absence OF any stipulation to
tetofv, in pursuance OF the established policy of the
goyennaat Introduced into her deed OF cession
Rrsss psoyision that the anslavey article OF the or
aipAnea Of 1857 should not be applied to IT, II may be
4 that Congress should have refused accept the
-. aGree in thai opinion. But slavsfy already ex
d = he dsrc, a. part Of the State Of North Carolina
an1 was probably thought unreasonable 10 deny the
wieA of Ne State for ito continuance.
T6a uama motive decided the action OF Georgia
n &: ns .ns he .eea of
acee06ng it. The acceptance OF both these cessons,
we the adoption and eenacment BY Congress OF the
slave laws Of Maryland for the District OF Columbia,
wss departures from original policy; bu, they indicated
no purpose to establish any geographical lne They
ths yssalt Of the gradually increasing indifference the
the country alter the adoption OF the constitution. Luz
theg Martin had complained in l7SS, that when
own liberties At stake warmly felt for the com
non HShh OF man. The danger being thought 10 be
paosoa which threatened ourselves, are daily grow
~ nces and more insensise TO those rights" II was
the growing nsensibIy which led TO these departures
fPo0 ofGnAl policy. Afterwards. in 1903, Louisiana
va aeqaissd from France Did we then hasten 10 e..
tnhIaA geographical line No, sir ln Louisiana, as
n The territories scquired from Georgia and North Caro-
49, IelOocd from pOllcy OF 1851
CoQgress did not interfere with existing slavery Con
gre eooenied itsef with enactnents prohibits sbso
latsly, the Introduction OF slaves IRON hey oDd the limits
Of DE United States and also prob bing their
ducon from any oil the Staes except by beaa de
ess actually removing Louisiana settlement When
Lousiana was admitted into The Union, 1872 no re-
s&rcaion imposed upon her in respect slavery AT
thls ims there slaves all along up the baak
Of the Mississippi lar ST. LOUIS and perhaps
ahoveL
Ia 1918 Missouri applied for admission into the Union
Free States awoke the danger o the total overthrow
ol ths original policy OF the country They that no
State had taken for the abolition OF slavery
since the adoption OF the constitution. they that
the ooble attempt to restrict the Introduction oil slaves
into The territories acquired from Georgia and from France
had utterly failed They insisted, therefore, that in the
formation OF constitution the people oil the proposed
S1Ate should mb0dy II provision for the gradual at
oton Of the existing slavery and prohibiting the further
iatfodac,on OF sIaves BY this time the slave interest
oslahlished The demand OF the free States vehe-
nently contested bill preparatory the admission OF
Missouri containing the proposed reslrclion passed
by The House and seni 10 the Senate In that body the
bill was amended by striking out the restrictions the
HoUso refused TO in the amendment the Senate
nss4A upon il, and the bill failed AT the
Of Congress the controversy renewed In the
time Maine had been severed from Massachusetts, had
a6op&ed constitution, and had applied Tor admission into
Houss, and sent to the Senate. This bill amended
il shs Senate by lacking TO il, bill for the admission OF
Msssoasi, and by the addition OF section prohibiting
slavery in all the terory acquired by Louisiana north o
- deG 30 min The House refused to concur in these
aUen1menla and the Senate asked tor a com miilee OF
eoolessnce 10 which the House agreed Daring the pro-
grsss Of these the House. after passing the Maine