New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-08-19
THE STATE OF EUROPE.

feud has arisen between Prin - NiP''e"h aad Nir
shsl ST. Armand. on account of De Polish Legion o
which Prince Napoleon is the grea adVo14'e "oi'
the Marshal has defeated its orgsnizs'n our OF de'er
ence to Austria Both parties have SEN neir com
plants to the Emperor. In Asia the fore OF >eiim
Pssha is demorslized. but the army Of Kars Is IN
good condition Kmetty (Ismael PashS is the IDOL oil
the Turkish troops He commands the vanguard
often undertakes small expeditions against the R.s-
SLAMS and does not for the intrgues at heAdqun-
tiers GuyOn is Chief OF the Staff but he is not tic for
the plsce he occupies. He is brave, dashng General
but not the man to make good plan for q campaign;
besides there are continual quarres betweea him aud
Zsrf Pashs and toe two Polish Generals, who like
wise advise the Mushir Unless these intrigues ,re
stopped nc great things will be achieved in Asia As
to the Russians. the following officers Of high rank
have been disabled within the last three months:
Field Marshal Prince Pashkiewitch wounded at Stills
ria and disabled; Lieut. Gen. Schiders dead in con-
sequence of his wounds; Leut. Gen. Seyan killed
at the stormiDg Of Silistria; Lieut. Gen. Dreshern
died Of disease at Roman in Moldasia; Lieut.. Gen.
Chrulef. severely wounded at Giurgevo; Lieut. Gen.
AnIeP shot himself at Bucharest according to some
accOunts-a recent letter does not confirm the state
ment Lieut. Gen. Bebutof, wounded at Giurgevo;
Major Gen. Popof wounded at Silstra: Maj. Gen.
Stolpakof killed at Sstrs; Mai. Gen. Never, killed
at Silistria; Maj. Gen. Butnon, wounded near Fra
teshti Colonel Karansn, killed at karaka; Colonel
Orlof shot through the eye a, Silistria
The question has been often raised whether the
present war is really popular in Russia, or whether it
is the wbim of the Car that originated it. We must
admit that the Muscovite is not altogether the tool of
IL, -. -. 4 u
trely different from those of the Germans. He does
not care much for the civilization of the East, for
transplantpg German philosophy to the Tartar ma
tions, for Jdpheti-ng Asia as the German phrase
runs but he longs to establish empire, prsing
all the Sclavsnic races of the world, extending from
the North Cape TO the Golden Horn, united by the
orthodox creed and holding western Europe in awe.
His eyes are turned to the cupola of Santa Sophia in
Constsntinople. IL is only from that place that the
Scavonic world can be ruled, and the West held in
subsection. The words liberty, independence, pro-
gress have no meaning for him; he longs for porer,
for the union Of the sixty millions of Sclayonians and
for the serytude Of all the intervening nations which
intersect the continuity of the Sclayonc countries
Many Germans have tried to explain this longing for
territorial extension by the ungenisl climate and bar
sunny sly of the South in fertile country Bat they
are greatly mistaken. The Russian likes his misty
sky the and mud of his steppes, the dark pines
and the stuDted beeches He would not leave his
Holy Russia any account; he clings to the place
where he born, but he desires to Russia the
creates. of the empires ofthe world aud the Car the
most powerful of men, Heis proud of being the sub
ject of master whose will is law provided that sixty
millions Of fellow subjects in the same condition
The aspiration Of the MuscOyite is for power not for
liberty; for the union Of all the Sclayonans not be.
cause such union would make them happier, but be-
it w"uld bring all Europe and Asia into subjec-
ton to this race.
And here We arrive at the difference between the
Pole aud the Russian. OF whatever faults the Pole
may have been guilty, he cannot be charged with love
of conquest. For long period he carried on war
with the COssacks, end held them in kind of subjec-
tiop since the inhabitants of the steppes, adjoining
Poland were, in those timer, renowned frebooters
the MOntenegrns Of the present day. He some.
times was Involved ia war with the Russans but,
even when victorious the Poles did not annex the
country, but placed an acknowledged Russian claim
ant On the throne Of Moscow. The Poles were not
intoerant in religion until, during the reign Of
ponderonce in the councils Of the nation When the
Jews were prosecuted throughout Europe and thous.
sldI of them were slain by infuriated Germans King
Casmir offered them an asy lum in Poland When the
Untarians were communicated and burnt Socnus
and his followers Hospitality received the banks
of the Yistula As long q Poland was fourisbing
State all creeds enjoyed liberty and protection. RO
Catholic intolerance introduced by the Jesu
its and thing OF foreign growth. In the political
struggles Of the Poles in the present century the prn
cipe Of religious liberty was always acknowledged.
Ii is that the landed aris.ocracy did not extend
political freedom to the peasants-that they did not
enancpate the villains in 1899; but the Polish arstoc
racy in Gallica in lSi6, ready to give up all the
feudal rights Of sgnory and in 1913, before the Diet
of Austria had yet abolished the laborrent Of the
ter of the ground the Gallcian landlords gave full
freedom TO their peasants.
The Poles, in general have no sympathy with
the schemes of Panssysm and Sclavonic prepon
derance Their wishes do not 60 beyond their
territorial independence and the reconstrscton Of
their distinctive country under national and lib
eral government. There are bat very few among
them who, in their exile, have adopted Panslavis
tic views, though in great SclayOnic empire the
Poles would surely have the greatest share in the
account of the higher standard Of their
culture, the natural versatility Of their talents and
that fascinating amiability in social intercourse which
characterizes the wellbred Poles. Still, even the
mystical pOItico- religious. Pansayism Of the great
Polish poet, Mizkiewicz is entirely different from
Russian Panslavisn. The Mascovite longs for the
union Of the selayonic races only for the
sake Of material brutal power, and has no