New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-08-14
tim of special deb. created BY this sudden manuuis

sion. -,
r,cep,nti,n of the slaves scld into Peru l do not
d.ry that iii = desrahlc bn N the present state OF
n r ,rasury 4 j. iupr-rti-,hle unless they could hX
the price for ,he erusars they have TOT their own
subjects. ...
Further IL j. 20 be- considered that SLAYER! was no'
here what il is in the United states and Ouoa INC
slaves were few living among free race Oh mliS'eU
color that synpa ihised with them, ana II must nave
been nearly impossible 10 catch tugtVes Inc "ocus
are thick that they cannot be trsversed eNcep. on
foot 10 narrow paths hewed by the mscbeie - tha1
one 10 We'll understood them could inevitably escape
a much swter pursuer with only one minute adv@h-
face We have mole then IL learn from Grauiclan
emancipation, considered an experiment; bus as
embodying idea OF liberty. it deserves 20 De placed
beside cur resistance of the Stamp Tax ami Tea lax
The administration Of Government here is, perhaps,
the most singular in the world. Before the revolution
II was not British Colony holding its elections pub
fishing its protects and laying Its complaints at the
foot of the throne. A yiceroy in Bogo;a City,
of the HOLY Faith. had the power Of lie and
5estb the amendment of all officers, civil, mil
itary and religious that the King of SPAN thought it
not worth his while 10 make in person. Eaqn prov
ince canton and parish swarmed with It's seVeFs petty
officers the lowest of whom could enter your cheu anu
peep into all your dishes, without any iurhe teSsou
than that public good required it. Their Judicial 0P
eratioss were all conducted in writing. Inc word
Iur, had no Spanish equivalent And all these min-
ions of central power were apt 10 be strangers, WIN
ont affinity with the cOuntry->pansh dcsperauoes'
prodies Younger sons and men who had good reasons
for no longer living in Spain. Vice is expensive, aud
MANY of these persons needed more than their bare
salary. The nature Of such Government may easily
be imagined
The Grauadans have, perhaps, changed more since
their independence than we since ours. In all ther
changes they have Appropriated u.s. but from despot-
lem to freedom is journey OF more than one genera
ton Their defects are the reverse OF what conceive
ours to be-ther central power is too strong but IN
a famous law called Decentralization, passed April ~,
1850 much of the responsibility small portion OF the
revenue consisting in impOss that ought to De aOol-
.hed was passed over the provinces together with
the power of direct taxation. This last has many enc
mics here and the manner of executing It gives them
good occasion.of complaint We hear too many COM
plants of irreguariy to hope that they are all uh-
founded nor dare assert that the Conservatives es'
cane with as light taxes as the party in power. IL IS
boldly asserted that there in this parish popua
ton = ISL tax 900 dimes) two men OF opposite poll
tics whose tax ought TO be about equal. Inc Con
seryadOr has half the tax of the parish To pay MS zen
ants part of the other half while the remainder Is ais
trbuted between the gentlemen, some other propre-
tors and the poor. In Bugs man found his house
assessed at 200 pesos more than last YEAR lie APP
piled for an abatement, and to teach HIM better man
ners they changed the 700 to 900 Complaints are
made also that the assessments of the several parishes
are often unjus-the fault of the Provincial Legsla-
ture. go -,
think that nv readers will agree with me that
the theory of taxation is wrong Ii snot on property!
hut on And on this subject note the oPmoh
of the Governor of the Province OF BogOa, IN has mes
SAGE of September IL, ls52 at is evident that an
adult can hardly live moderately on an incOme.of
a. 300 dimes a year. To impose then tax on the
smaller revenue of these uniortunates unjust every
"way, and renders the fiscal system 0dlous. linus
conceive that those only who have AN income Of
~ 300 dimes or more ought to be taxed and in the
following proportions For the first 900 dimes !
"per cent; for the second II; for the third = ana
thus onward up 60, 600 dimes, the limit to which
the ordinance should go. Perhaps there Is no great
ser income in the country and 1t Is not wei 10 excte
"certan hostilties based exaggerated calcula-
tons" To understand this we must remember that
there can hardly be azer population than that IN New
Granada from the highest TO the lowest But such are
the of the earth that II Impossible 10 sarNe
except within a league of the cathedral OF Bogot III
then man has more expenses to meet, he works
more and relief from taxes is but premium Oh Ia
illness.
But our objection is beyond this it is with the basis
This is income not property, as with u.s. The income
OF laborer or professional man is the most uncertain
thing in the world and the erroneous assessments
every where complained of are inevitable. know on
this theory the yagabond escapes because he has laid
up nothing; let him 90, or assign him poll TAX or at
least, in Illinois, require BIN to work the highways
The idea here is frequently held out that highways
are a benefit only TO those that travel. GovInment
knows better and exerts itself to open and Improve
the highways but what can central power oppose
to the inertia of whole people The provinces nave
the power of taxing ferries and IN fact more than nail
! the ferrage goes to the provincial treasury More
than this then is a travelling besides called
psGge This is assessed by the province OF Caucs not
on any road of its own but only the Quindin road
built and maintained by government But this exac-
ton is likely TO be abolished forever; perhaps
even while write Congress may have the matter in
hand.
They desire also to abolish the stamp tax, and as
soon as their embarrassed affairs will permit, it will be
done. There remain three other sources OF revenue
practically unknown to u.s. the mint, the salnes ana
the mails In the year previous TO the last the net
products of these branches appear TO have been as
follows:
| Salines 029 dimes; mails lis, $685. stamps
476 400; and mint a. $50. These added to the
toms and sales Of public lands make a national
nue. of a little over million of our dollars. The
tobacco monopoly has been abolished; that OF rum
passed over to the provinces, is abolished by many
The abolition of the export duty on gold has given
death blow TO the mint, and il will not proba-
bly, continue coming gold and large silver. Most Of
the silver in circulation Is French which corresponds
exactly with the Granadian. Gold / have not seen
except at the mint II our Congress has made a
rational change in the weight Of its silver coins they
also will come here.
In the mail arrangements our Government might
take lesson. system which l have more than
once advised at home ID IN use here. The carrier,
himself is responsible person. He contracts for no
than he execute in person. and II he fails the
nearest Governor appoints another ad interim. The
mail is carried in boxes, essential point, and they
can only be opened in his presence. For the rest il is
not nell. The mail is nowhere more than weekly,
and the post Offices far apart often in this
valley, more than days journey apart. There IL
none between Ibaque and Carriage, distance Of FIVE
days The mail carries specie at the risk Of Govern
ment Postage within province ia half dime, be-
yond province dime and half Double letters
are believe more than twice az dear as single Ones