Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1854-12-05

'o.aS..;,n to all Pustmas.ers. tt"" a.,,,,,,
"~: !. apparent TINT the t"-' 'i''' H. ~ the
~,,I ii ,irfraviug is expenses. acc''''"S ,,d.r
ia,:r'' =, .;":o ~ ~ creation. is now, AMI u""r'
"ts.. ,,ys pust continue - be, /" no S ~, ,.,s,
.,, . charge unnn The general tfea''.. ,;,r June
vail trans,ur:a,icl, dnr!n: the year rn. x,,r br
~ 1854, exceeds ;cc c'>i 10 '"' r, and seventy
:. h,Mdyrh aud iiq".v.svc Thousand IN" Shc sub.
hm u III" ! ari;u cali ,cur attention 20 "a and
i''! "o'"n% ,|1.,,,a,;nu hv ocean sieh'',.' r,I
commend the suggestions q. a.
IL vour early n:'"..'''t' -, ,Ioyru million seventy
During the I"s, Ir.s and ,hir:v.iivr acres 0, !nc
thnus'nH "'S .,, been surveyed, and EN- "'.'a.o
pubic II."I an. m%j ni,,r:v thousand aud seventeen ",t !.
p"e ;,,, market. The iiinip|f "L S..I -
"''"e", r;,,. t,irt v-iivc thousand seven ,'"'N:tc" .nu
scren mi"i"n,t'. 49,. "nouu, received therefor nine
nm. hundred eui r;.htv-h't thousauu i've
nn",ir.i and ,hirtv-'hree dollars ~ "IS:eS"'I
., ri In ads sold. locate! undo: n!I''aty SCRIP anu
r"S worrao,s. selected rs swamp ,"nos y! H'S''S.,
nai hy locating under GRATIS i" 1 iy','; Tn ~ Of ,anS.
".,,y.: hrr, millions OF acres. l"e in'!e"seoi i"'"S
'"IH'! 80 ,a nr,vjous vlay, is about Six millions OF
M' ond ,be sales during the two hrSl quarters OF
.- current Year ?rcs'n. ne tA''Iotu''"'H IeSuit "
Sc, md q half millions Sold exceeding oE nearly lou'
49,, - ncrcS the sale, ct the corresponding quar-
No." -' .L, last wear, TINS increasing 10 nj extent I'M
"".oi,i,J daring any like period in our past history
E.. s1muu, ci revenue provided from this source Tor
,, Fedora! treasury xo
'.T,n IA Sp'flllr tIhlN NV HoitN Nohh''" va
ttayn serve! THEN country III time of war, is il!uSira-
~ Il. fa,r, that since 1890 no less than thirty mil.
Fans :m .: acre, have been applied to this object. -,
Thr sl,ce.:ions, which | submitted III my annual
,n,..9r. 4 Its; year, in reference to grants OF land IN
49, T,h, construction al railways, were less full ana
",nTr:. than the magnitude of tho subject and subsc-
,rrrn, developments would seem to render proper and
,1,.;-abi.. OF the soUndness of the principle then
s...r;ci with regard to the limitation OF the power VI
rom .rcss, I entertain no doubt; but IN It's application
~ .I ,,, IA .uI, az lnDls n n nurflrllHr
'.nlltv may be enhanced, that, IN tact, a larger
,,o,nt OF money may probably be received, IN Il
g;ycu time. for alternate sections, than couiu nave
bon realized for all the sections, without the impulse
and influence OF the proposed improvements. a Pr,
~T nn, ,rrr:r,or looks beyond limited sections of his
J,n,iir, icv,nd present results, Ia the ultimate effect
ubi,b a rnr,icular line of policy l. likely To produce
anon all his possessions and Interests. Inc govern
,1cn,. which is trustee, in this matter, tor the people
=; ,h, States, is bound 10 take the same wise and
" 'r view. Prior 10 md during the last
sn..nn @; Congress, upwards OF thirty millions OF
acres OF land were Withdrawn from puD'ic SAFE win a
x;ay IN nnpijcu,ions Tor sraI.;, OF this character pend
in, before Congress. \ careful review OF the whole
subject led me 10 direct tina; 81! s'S!i ORDERS De horo-
GATED, AMI the land. restored to market: and lIistruc-
tIinps were Immediately given 20 that effect. The up
plicut;ons M the iaI session contemplated tue con-
s.ructiun of more than five thousand miles VI road,
md grants 10 the arivun; .! nearly ~ millions VI acres
O; the public domain. Even admitting the righton the
tt.l vi I l-ll ~ ~ - =" lNNS
Clear that the ~propo-cl grants would be productive of
good, and no. evil! The different projects are con-
faei. for the present, to eleven States ut this Union,
AMI one Territory. The Reasons assigned for the
grants, show that it is proposed to put the works
speedily in process OF construction. When we reflect,
that since the commencement OF the construction vi
railways in the United States, stimulated Us they
have i,cn By the large dividends realised from
the Garlic. works over the great thoroushflreS, aud
between the mos, important points OF m and
..,1,,.,, .nr,,roy.l la. Stu.n LEGISLATION mud
pressed forward by the amazing energy of private
enterprise, only seventeen thousand mile. have been
completed IL all the States iii u quarter of q century;
when We sec the crippled condition OF many works
commenced and prusccutc'lup un what were deemed to
bc sound principles, aud safe calculations when we
Contemplate the enormous absorption OF capital
Withdrawn from the Ordinary channels OF business,
the ex:rsvnsant rates Of in,crcs. ~ this moment paid
to couiiuuc operations, the bankruptcies not merely
in money, but. in character, aud the inevitable effect
upon finances generally can II be doubted that the
tendency is TO run To excess in this matter! Is ! wlst
70 Augment :hiS excess by encouraging hopes OF sud
deu wealth expected to flow from magnificent schemes
deueudcIi upon the action OF Cougressi Docs the spirit,
which nY> produced such results, need TO be stlmula-
tai or checked Is i; not the JcScr rule to leave ali
these works I" private enterprise, regulated, aud,
wl,cp e~ypeIicnt, uidci, by the cooperation OF States!
II constructed Lv private capital, the s.iniulant aud
the cheek 20 together. ana furnish n %saintnry restraint
against speculative schemes aud extravaganza. But
!; is NANTES: that, with the most effective guards,
there is danger OF going too fast and too far.
W. may well. pause before u proposition contcm'
pla;;u. u Simultaneous movement for the construction
OF rail roads. which, in extent, will equal, exclusive
OF the great Pacific road and all lis branches nearly
o%ar.thirl OF the entire length OF such works, now
completed. in the United States, "nL. which canno
cast. with equipments, less than one hlnIrcI ana Ill
~ millions of dollars. The dangers likely 10 result
from combinations of interests u; this character, Cal
hardly DC over estimated. But, Independently y
these considerations, where is the accurate knowledge
the comprehensive intelligence. which shall dI>crIInI
mate between the relative claims OF these twenty
e;-h, rro,"sri rOads, in eleven States and olc Terri
tory Where will yon begin, and where end II IL
cnahie these Companies 10 execute their proposed
works. il i, necessary t!!ut the aid Of the general gov
e-uIncnt be primarily given, the policy Will present 1
problem 80 comprehensive in lis bearings. uid so I'M
pJr:aut To our political and sHc!a! well being, a. I,
claim, in anticipation, the scEcrcst analysis. Enter
tninius these views, | rccur with satisfaction to tht
experience md action Of the last session of Congress
as iurr;shin, assurance that the subject will not tui
10 elicit acArciul r.. examination and rigid scrutiny.
Ii was my intention 10 present. on this occasion
some Suggestions regarding internal improvements
BY the general government, which want Of time a
the close ut the last session prevented nv submitting
on The return 20 the House OF Representatives witt
objections, Of the bill entitled, "un act making up
p-opria:!"n- for the repair, preservation and compile
iioi. OF certain pablo works heretofore coHmcnced
uwler Authority uf law bur the space in this com
muu!cn.!nu already occupied with other matter U
Immediate public ~eXiseucy cons;ra;ns Inc 10 reserve
that subject for I special message. which will bt
transmitted to the two houses OF Congress ut an early
day.
il.c judicial establishment. of tie United State;
requires modification, and certain reforms III The
manner u! conducting the legal business vi the gov
ernincnt are also much needed: but as ] have address
vi You upon both OF these subjects at length before
haze only - call You. attention 20 the suggest ION
isea made.
Ny former recommendations in relation TO suitable
PROVISION for various objects uf deep interest TO the
i%u.iGb;;a!;, Of the District Of Columbia, are renewed
Mnny O. these objects partak. largely Of a national
character, Gad ae important, independently OF theii
relation 10 ;Ac prosperity o. the only considerable or
gained community in the Union, entirely unrcpre,
scented IN Congress.
have thus presented suggestions on such subjects
as app" ar 10 Inc to be of particular interest or impor,
iancc, mnd therefore most worthy Of consideration du'
rnc the short remaining period allotted TO the lubors
Of the present Congress.
Our :ure:L:hers Of the thirteen United Colonies, in &C
GuTE5 t:r!r independence, And in founding this Republic
OF The rGLsed States of america, haze dcvolred upon uS,
iacir d.-c"rdnais. The greatest and the most noble tris!
ever committed 10 the hands of man, imposing upon un,
,"d -sp.;!H!!y such as ;hc public will may have invested;
iIr Il" ;?Ir beng. with political Junction., the most sacred
oJls";ions. We hive Ia maintain inrlolate the great doc
trnc OF Tho Inherent r, NJ Oi popular sel:.govcrnncnt; 10
reconcile the largest liberty OF the individual citizen, with
complete NcciGi;! oi tie public order TO render cheerful
oo-6irncc 20 u: laws Of the land, TO unite in enforcing
tNr!r execution, and 10 .r0wn Indignantly on all conlbinA
Mons 10 resist them 10 harmonize n sincere and ardent
devotion 10 III" institutions Of religious faith with the most
univef-HI religious federation: 10 preserve the rights OF all
by caasin: each 10 respect those OI the other; 10 carry
Forward every social improvement to the uttcrniost. liini.
" huai4.! pcricc'ib lily, by the free action Of mind
upon mini, no; by the obirusiYe intervention of mis-
Spi4ed cree; to upaclt the integrity and guard the
limitations OF cur Organic law; 10 preserve sacred from
u" huEh a r~.u!pailon. Ss the very palladium oil our
poN'e"' salvation, N" reserved powers OF the sewers!
INNes an! OF he people 20 cherish, with loyal ienlty and
ue'oen 1" 'f:uoa, this Union. IA the only eure Foundation
va ~A.rA III" hopes OF civil liberty rest; TO administer
government; with vis!lant integrity and rigid economy; 10
Sa!i'h;e it.acc and friendship with iorrigr. nations, aud to
demand and exact equal justice from oil, blu; to DO wrong
"noG" 10 c.chrw in:ernedalins with the national policy
sHs The domestic rcpCGc Of other governments. and 10 re-
PEI 1t tom our own; never 70 shrink from Wal when the
light. ana the honor OF the country call us 10 arms, but 10
SuiiYnte in p:ct,rcmcc the ar;s vi peace, seek enlarge
-!eH. CT the risht- ii neutrality. and elevate and llberaize
&e !A;rtcUursc Of nations; and by such jus; and homo
iEe- m',s-. aud such only, willis, cxsitrms the condition
" a" Republic, 10 assure 10 II the legitimate influence
aA;' b'mi IN authority VI n great example amongst al
~'Lrp'sr.s .: Christcplom.