The daily union., 1854-02-16
irdn lis nseessily ., .

head Of the War Department. from lis nxcessy as d
with be homestead Foley, which will carry along the
line Of the road and into the gorges OF The mountain
usie oi sRsfaBs, OF aeeal sss,eIs able and willing
10 protect Il against hostile aggressien.
But wish 10 took moment at the great purpose
which il is destined TO subserse IN facilitating The
neIee Of the world. IL is by such highway, indeed
thar the dslonteG members Of our vast coniedefacy-
disolnted only by the Intervention oil vast expsnse OF
desoate forest and prairie which separate Atlantic
and Pacific Iegionsae be brought into clsse and easy
proximity that The barrier OF the Stony mountains Is to
be broken down, no longer 10 nerpose, by towering
heights and inhospilabe SHOWS AN obstacle 10 inter
course bni The dweler BY the Aroos,ook. The HUDSON
the Delaware, and the Potomac may pass as readily and
almost quickly 10 his friends the Sacramento and
The San Joaquin as he can al this time 10 New Orleans
Mobile, or Pensacola. This alone will constitute il a
mighty and magnificent achievement OF scientific labor
and ski But sui greater appears The magnitude oil this
enterprise when we reflect that II is 10 form the great
avenue TO the OnenIa trade, and 10 make our eoD,nen
he highway Tor NE other grand divisions OF The world
This work II Is winch Is 10 make San francisco the New
York OF The Paehc--soon 10 we with The Queen Of The
Atlantic, bu, scarcely TO suTpass her From these Two
points centres on either side. the commercial streams
Will radate and be reflected back with increased lnensl-
ty-on The one hand IRON lhe mother OF our American
races and the home OF the Moor and the African, and
on tue other from The cradle OF our first parents and the
tnItbes isles OF The sea- aboundiDg with those rare and
costly products which Nature has distributed with
partial hand, and overfowng with myrads OF our lc!-
iow-beings Inc value OF the commerce OF which we
are Thus 10 become The most favored recipients is
cret 10 he world,
Upon Ibis trade grew the greatness Of Tyre and Sdon
as commercial cities Its peculiar commodities bai up
subsequently, and succession the cities OF Babylon and
Palmyra, and Alexandria, and Conslannope. and
Venice and Genoa, and Antwerp, and Bruses, and Am.
sterdan, and al this day contributes its richest streams
70 The commercial greatness OF London and Paris, and
New York
Bat SIR the course and enrichins character Of the
Oriental commerce have been traced with Particularly
winch cannot initiate here, by cae who, still ia this
4
guished service OF hs country refer TO the
IRON Missouri whose enthusiasm upon this subject does
him honor, and who, in his speeches upon it, has Illus
traed il with Hood OF elegant learning. which he is
ready 10 pour over every subject which he touches
II we do noi Immediately perceive the conneyion
which Ibis project has with the chiefly under
consideration, have only 10 reflect that the commerce
oi any country is limited by the amount o products which
II has 10 give IN exchange Now, II Is exactly The pro
duets OF agricultsre which are called Tor BY the millions
OF The Chinese and japan empires suffering the evils
OF an overcfowded population; and which the rapid
means Of transit afforded BY this road, in coanexon with
The Pacific steamef reaching the East from The West
viii enable 10 furnish them with admirable prompts
ness, aud ia the greatest abundance In return the cui
vaor OF The SOIL will receive full and cheap supply of
the now costly uxuries oil Chna and India The farmer
Will see, without aiam at The inoads OF luxury, his
wife and daughters comfortably aIfayed in the silks and
cashneres of China and Thbei and The Of the Ce-
eslia empire will greet him with freshness and deli
cacy OF avor which he will scarcely recognise OF The
same herb which. robbed Of its best properties by
twelve months voyage, be YET knows how 10 prize.
ha! The ships of all civilized nations meet in friendly
rivalry upon every The share of trade. however,
which viii fall TO each nation is yet be determined by
the internal capacities and development OF each And
allow me 10 say that the effect upon production OF The pas
sage OF this bill conne2ion with that which shall pro-
vide ior the construction OF The Pacific railway, will be
great beyond The reach OF prophecy to tell. What the
opening OF great avenue into territory Al that time
lied will effect has already been illustrated niti-
cent scale IN The OF New York. The genius of De
VIII Clinton projecting the Erie canal. 10 unite the waters
nI he nd Lay bsiy and
solItudes sprang at once into populous empire.
AT the segnnpg OF the present century, New York bad
a population OF bur nliy thousand That she now ap,
proaches IN magnitude The ciiy OF Paris, numbering more
than hundred thousand souls, be attributed
mainly TO the development OF her great Internal resources
consequent upon the completion of ihe canal and yei
fnhef since BY those triple bands oil by which her
eastern and western eXremlies have been bound to-
gether and which have nyIled the trade Of the vast re-
gons OF the lakes and The northwest VAN would have
been her efforts 10 build up oIegn Ifade without do
mesuc products 10 excaange-wlihost her iron, her salt
her agricultural products, and those oil ber factories and
workshops. NaiH without numerous and still growing
people 10 elohe with s,us from foreign looms, and 10
supply with foreign iuxureswilh cotees aud teas aud
sugars and molasses, with wines abd brandies, and
specs, with silks and cotons with cutlery and cockeIy
with laces anu jewery, with linens and woollens
But what are the sl extending lines of railway
throughout the country What the canals and the rivers
plougbed by the steamboat, but illustrations of the happy
effects OF such works In opening up our domestic re-
sources IN calling into being aud happy rural COM
munes, which react again upon the sae OF large ctes
and altogether Tend 10 swell The tide OF the general pros
peyl Doubtless the extent oil production is greatly
affected by the presence absence OF government re-
stlclions and II is apparent that this trade between
England and America, has been increased largely 10 con.
sequence OF the repeal OF the laws and the adoption
Of tari in lS46, and that production has
been immensely stimulated thereby. Great as are this
trade and production, however, only family foeshad-
ows what would be the result II the policy now proposed
in regard to the public lands were once adopted.
The cultivation OF the soil is nalara pursuit. and ii
result of civilization and The organization OF gov.
ernments, that there must be Interchange OF CONNER
cal commodities The Almighty in His boundess be.
pecence created man after HIS image hed him with
DESIRES endowed him with reason-wih an intellect al
most approximating 10 divinity ilse-and fully designed
That he should carry on social and commercial inter-
course coe1tensye with The planet be nhabs For that
purpose he created this globe with variety OF soil, and
a variety OF climate; and connected il by rivers seas
lakes, gus. and oceans, that there ns sht be full inter
change OF its yaned commodities. He fully designed
that the products OF the valley Of the Mississippi should
be exchanged for those Of the Indus and the Ganges
well as oil the Thames and the Rhine
Commerce, then, is the ruling spirit OF the age, aud IL
is wise and bengnant spirit What has much tended
10 break down the pfeIudces OF nations strangers
each other, The freedom and frequency OF commercial
Intercourse What is so liberal as commerce in diusing
the blessings OF civilization, bsaing up cities and in
establishing and fostering religions II 10 any religion
has been bonofed, science and Learning have sbone with
blaze OF lustre, IL has been when the commercial spirit
its height Was not commerce fourshing al its
acme IN the kingdom OF Israel under Solomon the wise
King Did they 60 hand in hand in the Augusan age
ol The Roman empirel Was not the same true OF the
eastern empire at Byzanlnm and among the Merchant
Princes o Venice and Genoa r. And lastly, ~ II not
pre-. enineDtly true this the most commercial age the
world has seen, tina, the Christian religion is the most