New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-06-01
Sc,rycF, INDUSTRY AND INTENTION
EUROPE
EUROPE,
WV" wv Wv" ,w,.. Thursday, April 20, 1854


.,, ,s, A, cutosoroNa AND tr"s"
,,...,;,,r,. with the apparatus for the external ep'
Aa.,;.o of Chlcsoform. inventor ny "'' """! " ""'
t"'"'' .'s In one cf NV former letters have oc-
!, .u,h discussion in the public lournais-soac re-
'S'N''~ ,A.,s defending is usefulness. At any rate
W"t ,A. attention Of distinguished surgeons, and
WV .,,,u, experiments 10 the ancsthotic power
-, Among the many attempts. as says The scientific
.r,~,,r OF the Pressf which have been recently made
a. ~ refrigeration in combination with the ane-thetic
en OF ether deserve special notice. The application is
very simple Ethcr is applied in drops upon the spot
where tie operation is 10 be undertaken; the ether IN
.,,rorsua reduces much the temperature Of the skin
and considerably dmiushes the sensibty. IL not GER
Main vet that the nscnsbty is produced by the ether
rcrAsrs is the high degree Of cold which produced by
Ne rspd evaporation Mons Riche applied ether in this
manner ., the hospital otoDou in operating on NELL
sc unos and scoms he has had great success and The
es,ff, Iss HcpaRx mentions case which has been
srers;ed upon the way, which will describe, TO
show that the research in question is not of chmercal
character az ALL patient with an enormous gathering IN
he r,xcn cf the ons had 20 be operated The tunor
Vas about SIX inches in diameter twelve inches IN hight
TIE scnsiy such tha; the slightest touch anywhere
sbeut tina, region produced violent trembling IL must be
er,,,cd the patient not hero but much afraid
al the oreraOn and IL therefore concluded to try the
snr6,atou Of ether according Rche;s plan There was
nc apparatus at hand and chorc ether was simply applied
in drops that point where the instrument was intend
oil ~ be introduced and all assistant accelera ca the eVap
ION hv means Of common btlloWs ~ uhc sPn0o VI
re or tour minutes the operator observed that me sens
tihtv was greatly diminished; he plunged the kie IN me
hruoI ard io the incision The patient made not 'ne
s htsi motion did he show any sgn OF pam ou' or
e contrary when he was asked if he felt any pam ne
scarcely believed that the operation was over and sara ne
.,lv cit SLIGHT sting as il caused by pin, probably
tle mcuaen, when the instrument was wihdra"h'
LOCOMOTIVES FOR HIGH GRADES
To b;cb rr;yes off red by the Austrian Government for
tie locomotive best ecnsuea 10 bo "n,e an
wnlaop among inventors but all the Improvements have
trd,d more or les increasing the size OF the locomotive
Andral TO be he only one VINO mas ei' te oid
Nesfer track and invented locomotive which promises 20
answer the purpose fully He only changes the driving
wheels ell the other parts of the locomotive remain tse
cane as they in present This machine has SIX
wheels The drivers placed in the center The rims
fthe drivers very broad much more so than those
commonly in use The part of the rim which projects con-
sdersbly beyond the ordinary rail striaed ms Is al
the change he makes in the locomotive Where there
considerable grade which requires much greater power
10 overcome t. he employs wooden ran when ne places
on the outside and contiguous TO the rails OF about hve or
Elk inches in width rising little above the surface OF inc
non rail go that the stra,ed portion of the drivers must
np;nre mon IL The strated part of the driving wheels
and Tie wooden rails the only mechanical means win
which NJ Andraud proposes to overcome even uch nner
trades than have been hitherto attempted The wheels are
only nj into action when their assistance required On
straight lines the wooden rails would be placed on both
sides Of the iron rails in curves OF small radius on me out
side Of the inner rail of the curve The practcaby OF
Mr. Andrsuds invention generally admitted, and he will
doubt obtain permission to experiment on some Govern
men road with higher grades the results oil winch small
not fail 10 communicate TO HE TRIBUNE
NEW RAILROAD BRAKE.
NJ Andreud has also invented new railroad brake,
which consists in strong metallic reservoir holding ABOUT
$50 to leo quarts This reservoir filled with compressed
air of eight ten amopheIes by means of proper pumps,
which worked by the locomotive The reservoir Is
provided with manOmeter safety-valve, and proper
sopocck and arranged ard situated that the engineer
can easily manage and observe any part of it. When
special person employed to superntend the apparatus
il can be placed upon the tender Every TO be
vided with tube OF inch i'll diameter each tube
having on both ends elastic tubes by of which the
bac d
to form continuous communication with the air
Each furnished with two cylinders OF nye
inches diameter which placed below and on each SIDE
of the ctr body Each cylinder has piston to the ends of
which e brakes attached thecynders are connected
with the long conducting tubes, ana when tic OR 70 lot into
the cylinders their pstons pushed out and force the
brake against the wheels. When the air Is stopped on
spring some elastic fixture whdraws again the brake
who manages the apparatus can by single turn OF the
sopcook act at once upon all the brakes at any moment
warning which may be given by the means OF an electro
magnetic signal from any car in the train The brakeman
has only keep his reservoir always properly charged as
the manometer indicates NJ Andaud calculates the ex-
penses thus: The reservoir and arpump, placed on the
locomotive tender 81 000 the apparatus including the
brakes attached to each car $40.
The of steam has been proposed for the same purpose
and in similar but the unavoidable condensation
of the steam the filling of the cylinders with condensed
water and the liability of bursting the tube IN cold weather.
are sufficient to prevent its use Condensed
air is no doubt much preferable
TELEGRAPH APPARATUS.
Messrs. Drummer Hpp directors of the teegraphs OF
Of which they make connection with the wire at any
pon, OF the line and communicate with the principal sta
tons. The trial has been made at some point about five
miles from Bene, where there exists no teegraphlc sta
ton. The apparatus connected with the wlre which
communicates with Zurich Bale, Geneva and La Chaux
du Fonds; messages transmitted and the answer i'm
mediaely received How much this apparatus differs from
similar ones employed in the United States, am unable
to say but, as far know, the thing has been al
ready accomplished.
FOOD
Physiology and medicine have established the fact that
ii is necessary in order to keep the human body in full
vgor and health that the food of man should be varied
Bread alone is not sufficient tn give the body sufficient
strength and keep it in perfect state of health. To
understand thoroughly the importance of the change of
food it is necessary study the nature Of each kind of
food and the part acts in the support of life Food serves
two distinct purposes l. To produce heat 2 To restore
the losses occasoned through the activity OF the vital
functions Experience has shown that the food OF Ia
borer should contain each day $40 grames OF eaorc and
$50 grsmmes of restoring elements When we examine
into how much Of these elements furnished by the COM
mon articles of food find that
loo Of bread furnish of restoring aud 50 of eslore
Es|ue OF meat without bones 20 of restoring and IL Of
100 srammes of beans 80 of restoring and 40 of caOde ee
mems
100 Of rice Of restoring and IS OF osOhe elements
leo smmes Of Ost meal Y ST. of restoring aud a Of eslorh e
menis.
From this we see that lbs of bread would be necessa
~ supply the system with 100 grsmmes of re-
storing elements aday but it would produce 555 grammes
of caorifc elements consequently about grammes
too much. slight change shows the advantage of
ried food For instance:
itcO ofesd contain 80 81 and 500 e,orsc
Of and
together 40 restoring and SSS eahe elements
eco Of bread contain 40 restoring and lSV esoh ee
beans contain 90 restoring and ~ eaoThe
$50 restoring aud 500 eaorhS elements
the other of the above changes furnish the body
with the two elements sufficient quantity, but without
excess AT the high price of breadsuts IN France
the Necessary supply Of food consisting In bread alone
would cost % centimes about ls cents bread ana meat
as cen.imes bread and beans, IS centmes Thus econo
my is here in conformity with the rules of hyglena