The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-08-16

mon which arc cuIroat respecting the evelts Of
which SPAN 10 the theatre, Il y difficult TO dista
There arc however, few points which may be 70
gaIded as nearly inrontestabe. We viii indicate
them in . few words, together with tho probable
consequences, in order that those who continue to
interest themselves in the destiny Of this great
country may find cause az we do, not 70 despair Of
the future.
That the greater part Of the news which has
reached us within eight days Is marked with exAg.
geraticn there can Be no doubt; aud let ADD, we
have NO cause 70 be surprised at this, for It Il
scarcely possible that It should be otherwise. This
news is collected on the spot BY excited actors or
spectators in the midst Of the efervescence OF par
ties, and the telegraph hastens to convey It from
one end OF the world 10 the other before there has
been time to verify 1t.
At the present moment the following seems to be
q near approach to tho truth
Every political party Il engaged in the movement
which commenced at Madrid on the 2Sth Of June,
and which has spread to the provinces; some to
sustain and propagate It, some to oppose and sup
press IT, all 70 profit BY H. This Is true Of the re-
publican q Of tho roySlist parties.
We say tho republican partieu, for in Spain, as
everywhere else, they are Of several kinds.
First, the republican party, which desires to es-
tabl.h the republic without prejudice 70 personal,
spects % sacred, and - the necessary foundation
Of all political and civil society. This party would
gladly owe its to the natural, and, it be-
Next there il p the pary Which i unwilling to
wait, and ia ever ready to have recourse to violent
and arbitrary meOsues. This party, Of which we our
selves have known something, is INSCRIPTIONS as to
cial par excellence We saw it work in lS4S and were
able judge what it would have done for US IL time
had not failed it. We say, also, the ryalist parties
for THY are as many az the republican. One of
absolute royalty. 1t was believed that it no longer
existed in SPAIN or that at least it had renounced
its pretensions. This was mistake for it has just
dspayed itself with its white cockade and its coIors
with its pIetendant and its allies.
Another royaEst party has devoted itself, for
more than thirty years to the foundation Of the
stitutional royalty OF Queen Isabella Liberal aud
vntive 1t combioes in its attachment all the
institutions of the country. For these royalists,
Spain 10 Il constitution the queen, and the cortes.
Fer them there is constitution without the queen,
and there would be something wanting to the
thority and majesty Of the queen If the constitution
were violated.
The procrcssives form third party. All these
parties, republican and royaist are engaged in the
resurrection ~ movement, which is evidently di-
difficult to define, but of whose devotion to the per-
son OF the queen there is no room for donbt; the
ministry, which bad at its head the Count de San
Luis, wss in the last instance the faithful exponent
Of this party.
Amidkt the confusion which overspIeads Spain,
II is easy to recognise that there is one sentiment
which predOminates over all others: It Is the mo-
Darchial sentiment. The instruction has burst
south, at St. Sebastian, at Pampeana, at Burgos,
at vittoria, ut Valadolid, at Saragossa at BARGE
Iona, at Valencia.
Everywhere the republican parties have striven
to give their own coloring to the movement; every.
where they have been repulsed and thwarted. At
Barcelona the people armed against them, and in
several cities where they had succeeded in possess
ing themselves of power, they were at once over
thrown. Some attempted to resist; they were led
topris0n.
This almost unanimous sentiment which has ex-
pressed itself loudly, has everywhere protected the
person and the name Of Queen Isabella. Those
who would fain have prcftted by this &C ason to
make grand advance towards q revolution, by
giving &c Spain another dynasty, have bsen con.
strained to disimuate their projects and to shelter
themselves beneath the name of the Queen.
shouts Of "Viue Ia RENE" "Vive Ia constituiion.n
These cries have been heard on all sides. The
people and the army have uttered them with the
same energy; and with regard to this we may say
that the proclamation of General ODOnnell forms
a singular exception. At Barcelona, where the
spirit Of opposition mas 80 often signaized itself,
an O position almost prog.essisie at the moment
Ramon de Ia RycAa declared that "the movement
vas based upon law and upon conscience, that it
bad for it, motive and its sim the constitution, til
ousep, AMI the liberties of the people " and he an
ncBDced 'frat lie wouid present to the THRONE the
feIvsnt sistes Of the country, which would assured
~ be received with favor BY tie most mignanlnoas
OF queens"
consider itself empowered to do anything else than
to present an address to the queen, to express to
her the wishes OF the people, ard to emaad redress
fer t'fir grievances. Certainly the monarchical
spirit ust be powerful and firmly rooted, when il
imposes such forms and such language upon vcto-
fious and menacing nsurrection.
We do not cay that it will always be thus-we
oGly afirg that this sentiment sill profoundly
entertained and respected. at the very moment of
the triumph Of the insurgents; and that the move
ment in which all parties have co-operated to the
extent OF their means, has been directed, neither
against the monarchical principle nor against the
The fidelity OF the Spaniards TO their institutions
is not, as it seems to rs, TO be doubted. Every
where we find them united in the same expressions
Of attachment and respect for the Queen aud the
constitution; and are the struck with this,
as for long time an effort has been maze to per-
suade tie Queen that the constitution was thing
Of entire indifference to the nation; that pars.
menta,y govefnn ent was desired only by small
number Of gentry and bowgeoise, whose ambitious
designs It had served and that the free exercise Of
the national will for one day would suffice to deliver
Spain forever from this form of government, under
which me exhaust themselves in long discourses,
without ever arriving at efficient results.
Now all this was error and falsehoood. II is EVIL
dcLt that the constitution is as dear TO the people
as s the quee herself, and that those were in the
right wkO answered to the detract0s OF representa-
tive government, in words Of whose business AMI
force they themselves were not perhaps fully
aware.
The nation had TO choose between absolute and
limited monarchy, between Don Carlos and Isabel
Ia. II has given the preference to the constitution
al queen; the day that the constitution shall be
abolished, the queen will have sbdicated and Charles
V. win be the legitimate King Of Spain.
TIE present movement was common ,ed by the
amy; the people followed. The people and the
army found themselves united therefore, in defence
OF the constitution and the Queen Of monarchical
power and liberal institutions This alliance Is re-
markable. The army has little sympathy with
foreign ipflueaces, and we are confident that who
ever should propose to it the placing Of foreign
prince on the Spanish throne, would meet With no
cordial reception.
The intimate aancesof the army with the PEG
pie, has the desirable effect Of STRENGTHENING at the
time, the tendency to free institutions and to
q spirit Of nationality.
conclusion are we then to draw That Spain is at
this me- ment passing through perilous criss-the
rInsf nerilous Il maj he If al for