New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-08-14
CALIFORNIA.
SURVEY OF THE SOUTHERN ROUTE FOR THE
ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC RAILROAD.

SURVEY OF THE SOUTHERN ROUTE FOR THE
ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC RAILROAD.
From TA san Fraaeioo Times and T,an'eyip july Is.
Col Gray, who leaves for Washington this afternoon
takes with him the of the survey which has Just
been accomplished under his command and by direction
Of the Pacific Railroad Company, organized last year
der act Of incorporation from the State Of New York
Since bis arrival in this city he and his corps Of assistants
have been aboriousy occupied in the preparation Of the
field and sketches made the routes traversed By
the divisions of Col Grays party, and the work has
CURED the most sedulOus attention. We have large
portion Of the drawings made the journey which gth
The descriptions OF the region rayesed it, productions
and will furnish very valuable addition to the
knowledge Of country enlsting at this period the epe
cia interest Of the scientific well Of the general pub
lac. From conversation with Col Gray We obtain the
Of the surveyed by him. and other in
cdenta particulars which happy 10 lay before our
Tb expedition set out on the let of January san
Antonio Tor the purpose Of examination to the prac
rici bhy Of railway by route from the eastern borders
Of the State Of Texas II paso in the vicinity % the
parallel Of 32o ard thence westward Ia the Gulf Of Cali
omaard 10 San Diego across the Sierra hadre range
OF mountains.
two end half miles north Of the parallel Of 1922 and
900 miles east Paso del Nore. 1t nearly in direct
hne wt,, Of yicksburg Mississippi and rs the point ut
which Gen Rusk and Gen Orvie Clarke left OIL their ex-
amnaons last year in their expedition. from Red River
and Eastern Texas.
The site Of this Fort selected by Gen. Persifer F.
Smith about years since, and is represented 10 be
fIe secon of country with excellent timber stone and
water and splendid grain. region. Ii is on branch
al the Colorado OF Texas about hundred miles West OF
Fort CbadbOurDe, on the head branches OF the
Colorado ard the commencement of the great
staked plain SlaBO Esiacado. line due West
from Fcri Chadbourne was pursued by Col Gray, until
striking Marcys trail leading from Fort Smith, in Arkan-
sas the BoIsebead crossing Of the Pecothence 70 the
card bills end across the staked PLAN striking the Pecos
River some forty FIVE res above the point where Capt
Marcy rOsseG good route was found across from the
sand hls with excellent ford ON the PecOs and the
distance Tor wagons AID trains TO III Paso lessened some
.1iy odd mles From the Pecos e nearly on the pa
ra Of 80 north eitude 10 the Mesa, eastwardy Of
~, town Of Sm ElzsFo The Rio Grende passing some
~ miles south Of the Peak Of the Guadaloupe noun
tnns Nas deemed most practicable from the examinations
and reiort of Capt. Anlrim-thence along the Mesa
Dorhv y 10 the Moline del NOrte 10 the crossing
al ~. Gfande miles above the town of FL Paso,
Il h. lies wholly within the State of Texas, and is
% Stemp.a'ed under The recent charter gwen to
the htlriie and Pacific Railroad Company Of NewYOrk,
O. which Levi S. Chaied, llate Attorney General of
York is President and Hon. r. J. Walker direc,
.,. t. length OF the line through Texas will not fan
fa ,bof' # 300 mlefor which the State has donated
ty,iig ctior each mile, making 10000 square miles
OF doy, lO,2iocoo acres Of band Under the aet
OF the Legislature OF Texas making tins grant, which
pss,rd aod became a law in December last, belt Of
80, extending from the eastern limits Of Texas % the
Ro rande the western boundary OF the state and lying
~ the parallels Of 800 30 and 331 y Latitude If Sc
erfoI any further locations either by headrgh's or
ot,.rp until the company building the ralhoad snail
La,c de their soectobs and If lands enough not
Ga' eiihn this district then the company can locate
a.. re on any public domain OF the State.
age portion Of the land passed over by Col Gray is
repressuted be Of excellent character fine for gez
ing and upon the and branches good for cuva
tt when ~ not large estimate IN Tue
vcit, of the road the whole amount for the eight bum
bred miles through Texas would give ISL 100000. This
sum will more than build the line through Texas.
W. learn further that from III Paso, 1t IL contemplated
that he ROAD will be continued through portion of Chi
huahr and Sonora with the ultimate expectation of
termp ang upon the Pacific coast aud giving an entire
railroad Communication from California 10 the Atlantic
Saies From Opelousas, in louisiana road is already
being constructed toward Shreveport on Red River and
line from ST. Louis toward Little Rock, in Arkansas
Cart Pope of the Typographical Engineers left III Paso
in March last. at the point on the Rio Grande at
which Col Gray took his departure and he examining
n route through to Preston, on Red River. All these
fe1as
We learn that the people of Sonora and Chihuahua
most for the railroad and will do anything in their
power 70 aid and assist its completion.
and influential men in chihuahua was Viceredent of
large railroad meeting held on the American side of the
Rio Grande and e1erng himself in every way to cause
The road TO be built through Chihuahua in the vicinity OF
FL PasO. Every kindness and facility was shown COL
Gray and his party by the Mexicans
Fiom the Rio Grande Col Gray pursued a due west
course striking the river and valley of the Rio San Miguel
isometim,s called Rio San Naria which empties into
Like Guzman. The latter is Salt lake, or body of
water strongly mpregnaed with saline matter as TO be
unfit Upon its borders and the Rio San Miguel
fine land occurs, and fine springs Of fresh water.
The fine valley Of the San Miguel to the northward of
den Treaty also the fine tmbered region in the neghbor
hood of 1ubac and the valley of Santa Cruz.
Several passes found through the ranges OF
and 100 miles cut of in distance from the emgrant
road from FL Paso California. Many picturesque ruins
the work of the Apache Indians and magni
cent ranches deserted. On the 23d April Col Gray and
his party reached the ranch of Calabazas belonging to
Governor andara of Sonora, and advised the Mexcans
of the approach of large body of Indians fallen in with
the day before. An hour after Col Gray arrived attack
made upon the ranch by 40 Coyoero and Pna Sano
Apacbes Capt Garcia with sixty Mexican lancers, hap
pepsd fortunately 10 he at the ranch that day, and being
.:epared met and defeated the Indians, killing fifteen, in
Guiding OF the head chiefs. This the instance
in which the Apacbes have met with signal defes. from
H. NJ t., Tho kan fa Grf1x alot
From Tubac COL Gray proceeded to the ranch OF Boo.
zani in lat g. and dispatched portion OF his party in
northwest TO the ella, and proceeded himself
southwest and west toward the Gulf Of California thus
running two separate lines through the unknown region
lying the north western part of Sonora and dng
20 the northward OF the parallel of 80.
The explorations and Reconnaissance OF Col Gray-made
in connection with the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Com
panythrough Texas chihuahua and Sonora and his pre-
yous survey of the ella and that region a the chief sur
veyor Of the Mexican boundary line has given him OPP
pounty Of being better acquainted with Sonora and Chit
huabua than any one will enable him to present
deeply interesting and valuable report particularly at this
point Of time when much curioy felt for that section
Of country.
SEAPORTS OF CALIFORNIA AND OREGON.
Below give list of the principal eaports of Caor-
MIA and Oregon, with brief description the minor cha
racterstics OF each hhrbor. The whole being set
tied rapidly by very enerprsng and intelligent popus
ton who will demand very large trade; which
trade indeed large and prosperous. Tho coast
well provided with hsrbors from latitude 80 TO 10, dis
lance of 1000 miles in direct line there rst-rae
harbors and seventeen Of moderate or inferior quality.
The United States has had possession of the couutry for
eight years. and for years San Francisco has been
Of the seaports of the Union and for the last three
a.. haa,, h,tEf