Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1854-12-30

Eliminating animals to take their food upon it, withou
measure and without stint-a great pastoral region
which the OK will not know his masters crib the
the hand that feedeh him but in which the dumb I'm
conscious beast without knowing it. will feel the bount
of the hand which is the giver Of all good
This is the description Of the first Kansas, the on
which will go half way to the mountains, equal in terri
torial extent to the first class States exceeded il
productive capacity by none, and to become
the great States Of the Union. win call East Kansas
The second State would occupy the remainder Of thu
territory the base of the Rocky Mountains and lk
the first half will have the natural division into three
parts, and with the characterstics but with
versal OF their localities The Arkansas river side vii
be far the valuable both ntrnscay and in its 10
caty but the Kansas side will still have its value ant
attraction. Fremont says of it: The soil of all this
country Upper Kansas and base Of the mountains) il
excellent admirably adapted to agricultural purposes
would support large agricultural and pastoral popu
laton." He says it is watered by many streams but
without wood, except their borders; that grass
abounds and among its varieties the ssparee species
of clover valuable for the pasurage of swne Guilt
waited for that purpose in Germany, but indigenous in all
this base of the mountains
But the valley of the Upper Arkansas would form the
pride and strength Of the upper State West Kansas
will call it, including, the Territory does, part Of
the superb valley of San Luis and the beautiful Sab
watch which forms continuation of it, and which leads
the famous Coochatope Pass and the Pass ITSELF Free
thus speaks of this upper part Of the Arkansas
by him in his various expeditions and especially in
the one of the last winter:
hundred miles, you approach the mountains is
nuousy well adapted to settlements well to roads.
Numerous well watered and fertile valleys brond and level
open up among the mountains which themselves in
detached blocks, (outers gradually closing in around the
heads Of the streams but leaving open approaches the
central ridges The whole of the inter region
abundant in grasses wood COAL and fertile SOIL The puebos
above Bents Fort to be well adapted to the grains
and vegetables the latitude including Indian
corn which rpens WELL and to the support Of healthy
which increase well and take of themselves and
winter"
OF the climate and winter in this elevated re-
gion he thus speaks:
"The climate mild and the winters short the autumn
usually having its full length of bright open weather without
snow which in winter falls rarely and of quickly In
early and much tbnly than in the open plains
the eastward the storms congregae about the high
tans and leave the valleys free. In the beginning Of Dece
Der found yet the Huertano river and
informed by old resident then engaged in establishing
farm at the mouth Of this stream, that seldom fell
and that cattle left in the range all the winter through
This was the first of December Eight days later and
when advanced hundred miles further and standing in
the Sand Hill pass Of the Sierra Blanca which looks both
into the head valleys the Del Norte and Of the Arkan
sas, he still writes:
son the 9Th of December found this whole country free
from snow and Dagnrre views taken at the time show the
grass entirely uncovered in the passes"
This the winter view Of this country and its climate
and certainly mountain region could present any thing
more desirable for man or beast. summer view Of it
given by Messrs Beae and Heap in their central
journey to California in 1858:
"Upon reaching the summit of the 5attes magnificent
and extensive panorama opened to view. The horizon
was bounded to the north by Pixies Peak to the west and
northwest by the Sierra Mohada Wet mounain Sangre
Christie mountains and the Spanish Peas to the south and
east extended the prairie lost in the hazy distance On the
gently unduang plains reaching tho Of the Rocky
mountains could be traced by their lines Of timber the
or the Arkansas river and its various tributaries among
them the Huerfano Orphan rve easily distinguished from
the remote point nsary due wes where 1t issued from the
Sierra Blanca, to its junction with the Arkansas except
short intervals where it passed through canyons in the plain
Pixies Peak was prominent object in the its head
capped with eternal snow soaring high above all the neigh
boring SUBMITS The river Huerfano bottom broad and
thcky wooded with willows and cotton wood with
wild and grape-vines and carpeted with soft rassa
sylvan paradise The scenery as we the country
between the Spanish Peaks and the Sierra Mehada pic
turesque and beautiful Mountains lowered high above u.s.
the SUBMITS Of covered with snow, (Juy while the
dark pines which clothed their sides
ed well with the gltterng white the top and the light
Sierra Mohada gives great fertility to this region and the
country bordering the sides Of the mountains as well as
the valleys in their unequaed in loneliness
richness Of vegetation To the settler they every induce
ment and have doubt in few years this
try will vie with California Australia in the number Of
emigrants will invite. It is by far the beautiful part
Of New Mexico, part of Kansas; and remarkably
level country connects it with the part the Allan
tic States As soon as this s thrown open to settlement
continuous line of farms will be established by which the
agricultural and mineral wealth Of the country will be
loped."
Mr.. Charles McClanahan a Virginia emgrant to Cali
fornia and large dealer in stock that country writ
1858, says:
On this almost way may be settled as all
the land from Missouri Bens rich and very fertile
equal the best lands Missouri Illinois, and no land
beat the Sierra Blanca for grass Even the very
init stands thick the best meadows many acres
would ut least four tons to the Then comes the
large and beautiful valley Of San Luis said be Of the
most fertile in New Mexico Indeed, fine land is upon the
whole route and the climate such that stock live
all the winter upon the grass On this there is an
abundance of grass and water much that stock will
travel and keep fat very large majority Of sheep
ket; and large number of Mr. Barnweps cattle
fine beef and have any stock after travelling
far look half SO we'll"
This is the western, Upper Kansas, and will make
another great State and both will quickly be ripe for
admission into the Union-East Kansas in 1855 and the
western in 1856 They will beth be settled with unex
ampled rapidty In agriculture and grazing alone they
present irresistible attractions to the settler But it
agricultural and pastoral advantages alone great
to add their inducements to the attrac
tons and render them nvincibe At the head Of these
other stands the pre- empon law engrafted
permanent feature in the Federal land system and
made applicable to all the public lands in the Territory
By virtue Of this law the aboring man, without dollar
In his pocket h put ahead Of the Spectator with his
thousands He may choose for himself out of the wide
domain mark out his choice, take possession, work it,
and raise enough out of it to pay the Govern
ment price by the time the pay is demandable with the
good prospect to see 1t rise to ten twenty times
much it cost within few years This is chance 70,
freehold and Of provision for family which the wise
and industrious ler Of the earth will not neglect Their
the political advantages The act Of Congress Gre
atRg the Territory gives great political rights unnatu
rallied settlers coming into It. 1t gives the elective fran
Of intention to become citizen Of the United States
and taking the requisite oaths. This s advantage
which the foreign emigrant will know how to appreciate
and to appropriate. Then comes advantage Of diff