The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-19

and the enthusiasm Of our meetings. People hear Of
the sssssnss q TIL. county bpt they must g and
sea to Philadelphia distant 100 miles, thence west to
Pitsburg, $50 more, to the junction Of the Ohio
with the Mississippi, 900 miles more; and then 90
on to St. Louis, 200 miles more, there you are told
ing about half the distance westward Of this vast
territory. There are some three millions Of square
miles in the United States which would be equal to
twenty Scotlands Joined to twenty Englands and
added to twenty Irelands. And in this country too
you see all the various steps Of progress. There is
Pittsburg, comparatively old place, you would
imagine you were entering some Of the
regions near Glasgow = q region of coal, iron,
and furnaces. Then there is such place as Gin.
cinnat-a glorious city, only half century old,
now stocked with nearly 100000 Inhabitants, and
furnished with all that art and luxury can devise
And then, westward, are Louisville and st. Louis,
also noble Cities In that western region, you have
the prairies those strange places which cannot be
described. When you come to the centre of one of
these vast places, you see nOthing-nOt q tree or
sbrub-nothing but the smooth surface of the grass
and underneath the richest, black loamy soil on
earth-no trees to fe-but there it is lying, ready
to be upturned for the seed. In going through the
prairies, my mind always went back to our poor
Highlands of Scotland, and the many who were
driven to find livelihood from the barren rock al
most and could not but wish that thousands of
these poor creatures but transported suddenly
to this glorious SOIL where only requires be turned
up, and in three or four months you have splendid
crop. (Hear hear) tits singular fact that the lower
part of all this great valley of the Mississippi capable
some day Of supporting 200 900 900 inhabitants is
supposed to have been the bed of vast lake still
exhibiting traces of it in the succession Of terrace
like flats; while, at the same time, monuments of a
vast extraordinary character have been discovered
mounds, tumuli, and hundreds Of skeletons Of hui
man bodies, not belonging to the races or tribes
which have peopled that region for one or two
thousand years. Many of these remains look like
Roman camps and Notifications; and an idea has
on ahrnad ia ActrYQI1v nutorfoinpd nv m
able men, that Roman colony, carried somehow
acrossthe Atlantic was founded there long long ago.
Again, when you go westward. along the Missouri,
toms and language very like the Welsh; and some
old stories also abroad about them. 1t is men,
toned that long ago some vessels left the coast of
Wales, and were never heard Of and it Is really be-
lieved by some that these people are the descend
ants Of these lost Welshmen. There are, be
sides, strange discoveries, il the way of fos-
sill remains, being now and again made in that re-
gion. For example, one bone has been found
weighing 200 pounds; the animal to which it be-
longed must have been 125 feet long. The remains
of birds have also been found with claws three feet in
LENGTH Indeed it looks as if these were but the ggan
tic beginnings and embematical preparatves for the
giant Stages Of the Union. daughter and appiause)
Now, to come to human beings. One cannot look
at these Indian tribes without feeling deep inte
rest. Going EDWARDS to Boston, we pass the scene
OF the labors OF Brainerd and are then carried TO-
wards Philadelphia, where Eliot and others labored.
These tribes are now melted away from the homes
of their fathers, like the in thaw; but beyond
the Mississippi there are $4,000 of them, that have
been necessarily removed thither. Hitherto it had
been thefpolicy of the United States to pension off
these tribes, and they passing away before the
advances Of the white man. But now it is delight
full to know there several societies and churches
engaged in the ChrstianiZaton Of these tribes, and
the government now regards it as national policy
to help them in doing SO. (Applause.) They are
doing it with noble end-an end worthy of the
United States. There is bill pending before Con
gress and strongly recommended by the Indian
Committee, providing that each family should get
$40 acres of land beyond the Mississippi the remain
der to be sod and the proceedsto be given over the
Indian tribes, funded for them. (Applause.) The
design of the United States government is to arrest
the downward progress of these tribes, by convert
culturists. The government, in effect, says to
them-"you sit down there-what is allotted to you
is enough for any honest man-you are to become
industrious shall instruct YOU and once you are
ferred on you the rights of American citizens"
(Applause.) From this policy successful result is
expected. These men will not only become Chris
tians, but will be eligible for any Office; and one day
the United States. (Applause) Now, there are
many points regarding the States which, Chris
tan Church, cannot but feel deeply interestedin,
and will rapidly alude to few, though time and
strength will compel me to be brief, and to omit
even notice of many altogether In the first place,
cannot but be astonished at the nultitudes who
arrive constantly there from other lands. How are
they disposed off fear we don't sufficiently SYM
pathise with our brethren the Atlantic in
gard to this matter. In New York alone, no fewer
than about 1000 arrive daily; at Boston. Ii 900 to
10000 year at Philadelphia much about the
same number Altogether, about half million
must arrive every year from the eastern world.
We hear Of emigration from England, Scotland, and
Ireland but we don't think of other countries who
had large share. AS matter of curiosity, made
some inquiry on this points and find that last year
fborox Uer frnv,o Tn md
Scotland, 8C00 Germany, lat 900 (there is always
large number from Germany; France, 5000; Rus
STA contributes her liz; while Norway, Sweden Den
mard, Holland, Belgium, Switzerland, Italy Spain,
Portugal, Turkey, Sardina-in short, every country
in Europe; some in Asia and Africa many from
South America. After enumerating the precise
Numbers from each country, DR.. Duff proceeded
What is to be done with these immense heterogene.
GUS multitudcs! How city like New York is able
to withstand this constant influx it is difficult to say;
and were it not for the Anglo Saxon energy charac-
teristc of its people, it could not withstand such
continual pressure 1t is true, great numbers pro-
coed to the West but the worst are left behind, as
a residuum Of poverty, vice and crime: and it must
require vast digestive power to swallow, assimi-
late and dispose of these vast mutitudes In Staten
Island they have establishment for really desti
Der maintained and taught there being almost 900.
visited this institution, and naturally inquired how
many Scotch were in it. Well, at that time, in the
juvenile departing of 700 there was just one single
representative for Scotland. (Applause.) This was
and begged that she might he pointed out to me,
just as curiosity aughter)- land who, asked,
anticipating the answer give you most trouble here?
ooh, you need scarcely ask" was the answer
..'the lrsh." Not the PIesby terians from Ulster,
however, applause)-bu the crime and destitu-
ton are where Popery s--that is the testimony of
the United States. With regard then, to the means
employed for encountering and melting down this
prodigious host into sober and homogeneous Ameri-
CaUiSm there ia time to into dnfaiIa how
here statistics of the churches, which do exert
weighty influence but time will not admit of my en-.
tering into particulars. Altogether there are thirty
six thousand churches, church for every Eve hun
dred six hundred Of the inhabitants of the United
States, and the bulk of these churches are in the
hands Of evangelical Christians. (Applause.) The
Methodists are the most numerous, having about
twelve thousand churches; and like the Methodists
in England, they are good scrptural Christians The
Baptists come next in point of numbers, having
about eight thousand churches. They are sound in
the faith however much they may differ from others
in the matter Of baptism by dipping Then come the
Presby rerians who have 4 900 churches mean