New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-03-16
9lem.l)ork pailn 0ribans-
THE INFLUENCE OF CARBONARiSM-THE
PRISONERS or THE SPEILBERG.
BY PROF. FELIx FoREsrI


There was very fair attendance at this lecture on Tues
day evening and many ladies among the audience oy
whom Prof Forest warmly greeted. hs dncourso
was delivered in Italian Public opinion, said he, csnno,
retrograde It's influence s progressive and Il Is destined
10 rule the world It is formidable weapon when used
against y rants and against bad snd is also s1ed
for virtue The events which history relates bI, the
effects Of public cpinon-for man rs, meda;es thea de
termns aud lastly puts his resolution into execution Tas
history of Italy during the last half century illustrates the
innate progressive tendency OF public opinion which must
in the End triumph Toward the close Of the last century
Italy was eftmuac servile tmid indovn under the in
ueuce of the clersy and of both public and private cor
rrption sown and nur,ured by the despoc g,vermeo
there was no consciousness OF the evil dignity Of man no
nt,res, was taken the collective le OF The nation the
sovereign was eyeryhingthe Pope nothng Merely Anew
higher inelec capable of eoya,ng Themselves into
the sphere Of purity of truth and of Greatness moral and
roltoal But this was rather mentally than in action
they indignant and they pitied their country-shey
were, however reduced to silence from c)nsralnt In
1896 the French revolutonsts invaded Italy, bearing
in one hand the sword, and IN the other the code
of the rights of In their train came the wri-
tngs Of Rousseau, Noltare, and the Encyclopedias,
which, under the liberty given to the press circulated
freely Democratic Republics arose on all sides Ideas and
opinions took direction. This was owing IN great
measure 10 an Ilustrious Italian Victor Aber who IN ms
admiral tragedies raised the private citizen to hi. proper
dignity ard showed his rightiul political position tie puts
into his mouth language independent aud frank such ~
was used by the ancient Greeks and mans while ne In
nced mortal blows upon the crowned despots The gcoa
tragic poet the idol of the people Napoleon not
withstandng his military despOt,m IN despite OF his IN
clnatlon, contributed to the eradication OF dic'nc r'g
prestige The revolution which had dragged him from so
nsg elev aed situation obliged him To intro
duce more liberal instruction in the colleges and unyor'
stes, through which public opinion was helped consider
ably forward The new IDEAS Drought
about the formation of the Secret Society of Carbonni
towards the fall Of Napoleon Tho first victims OF this
patriotic association were sacrificed in 1915 The govern
af.la oil tod ID uD
in short time vast conspiracy united Rom the Alps
Ena Of all classes. Their object was the political
and religious liberation of their country by means OF arms
aud 10 establish democracy the ruins Of the ancient
thrones In this conspiracy (Which was organized 10
grades and with signs something after the system oi Ma
sonryl included generals nobles and oven Two Oh ths
princes of the reigning families OF Italy, viz Charles Al
bert and Prince of Naples The King OF Sardinia Obj
dcaied-the King OF Naples sranled constitution -.hs
Pore himself prepared for fight Austria however had
its army ready whereas the liberals hal not fully
maiured their measures. The people Of the tewas
had been enrolled IN the organization DAT ths csan
try districts had beer neglected al loass had not
been fully instructed in their duties OF citizens The mye
ment which ut that moment was premature, taliel 70
out Of these failures proceeded fresh and more perfect com
binaons and out OF italian nations spang fresh patrots
ready to I'll up the ranks of the mlrtyred Csrbonar
Eazzn learnt his first lessons in the meetings OF the Car
bonari; Garbald from the ranks of the Carbonar
The Professor here give vivid description Of the suffer
iDgs Of the prisoners of tho Spelberg showing how public
opinion sustained them and even how advanced Ia I'D
ealism in consequence Of their very prosecutions AT this
conclusion Of this extemporaneous DISCOURSE which lasted
upward Of hour and proncuncedin remarkably clear
manner he was very warmly cheered
Sgnor GAJAs next aGressed tho audience in very elo
quent tems lie showed that Italy had always resisted
the power Of the Pope and that TO be attributed 10
this resistance alone IN the very center Of the domnions
of the Pope that the Holy See did not absorb all King
doms in Universal Empire. Sig Gean demonstrated
that the Italians the only people who could destroy
Popery and moreover, that the mass Of the nation vas
resolved to do since was REGARDED by 'hom as the
source Of all their msfortunes.
At the conclusion of his speech which very favorabH
received, he gave notice Of new organization partly
Italian and partly American, for giving instruction and
povidng employment for the political erles driven to our
shores by the iron hand Of despotsm Among the proo
of this benevolent project were the names Of Professor
Fores, Giuzlielme Gojan FelppO M,netta Mortimer ID.
Motto the Rev DR. Potts the Rev Dr. cheyer who formed
COMMITTEE