New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-11-01
NEW INVENTIONS.

very c b, and efficient machine equally well adapted
70 orsing gaming tenoning, in either sof or nara
wood. has been recently patented by Messrs' H. u
l. II. Plumb of Honesdale, Pa. The inventors ap
near to have stepped boldly out from the bessen track
.rd 70 have produced device novel IN several very
samaritan, respt cts and worthy Of admiration on &C.
.n, M, e.s Of IFS obvious convenience than Of it's
smooth. accurate and rapid performance The ma
chine, when driven by hsnd-power, Is readily moved
10 any desired point ON the timoer-a quah'y winch
Of i,sef sufficiently commends it to the favor oil prae
teal workers in heavy lumber. Unlike the ordinary
varieties Of mortsiDg machines, this Is capaoe OIL
cutting very close to the edge or end OF sek, tue
great distinguishing feature Of the inventon consisting
of the employment of species OF miniature plane
iron. 70 shave rather than chip down the material.
Two cbisels of proper width play vertically at proper
distances apart to mark the ends, while sstout arm
nroi.c,s downward and travels to and fro between
them. This arm. which receives by very simple
mechanism motion precisely adapted to Its purpose
dovetais into small steel cutter, or double lip cnise
which planes in either direction with each move nent
of the slide. The machine proves itself apapted 10
every Kind of heavy work. being capable OF sinking
mettises fiom two ten inches long, to Depth OF
eight inches and Of any breadth from three-eigntns
of an inch 10 three inches, according 10 the chises
and cutter employed. Canes or rectangular cavities
on the corners of stuff are executed with equal Ia
ci,y the fixing of the machine in any required posi-
ZION being readily effected by the aid Of simple
clamp.
PAIRS DrrcH DIGGER Mr. r. c. Pratt OF Can
apdaisua. in this State, patented in July, 1853,
machine for digging ditches which proved one OF the
hest things exhibited in the late State Fair. BY its
aid one man and two horses have frequently dug $50
rods of ditch feet deep in one day, and from so to
$50 according TO the nature Of the soil is considered
n davis work. The machine consists substantially OF
a scoop and revolving Wheel the scoop seraping and
the wheel carving up the dirt until at sufficient
bobt II ia unbled out upon the sides at nite dis
lance from the ditch. Several repettons OF the oper'
alton are REQUIRED before the ditch is sunk to sufii-
cieDt depth.
The snecimen exhibited at the late Fair was all Of
wrought ion and weighed between 700 and 900
rounds. The diameter of the main wheel was five
feet and the breadth of the diggefs or ftecs fixed
thereon and that of the scoop curved channel in
which they rise, is about nine inches. Although the
lifting apparatus is thus narrow it is practicable aud
indeed desirable, TO make the small pows or cutters
which pare the side cuts somewhat wider, so that
ditch Of any width from nine to fifteen inches may De
excavated by the same machine
The weight of the dirt which is being lifted, tue
curved channel, and in fact OF the whole macnine'
rests on the diggers which, like the floats OF paddle
VIII. ell projects from the periphery OF the man "heei'
A the machine is drawn forward by the horses the
dogers are successfully forced into the earth snd
compel the wheel to rotate thus carrying up and dis
CHARGING from the top all the earth caught by the
=; Ii.ta aot hah ind I'm
extreme ear of the whele is adjusted two cutters or
small plows, which pare the sides and tear the earth
70 suitable distance belo ready for the next passage
of the machine go that after the first passage the dig
gers are always pressed down into tue ground already
looseped to depth of from two to ten inches, which
looseniDg may be supposed to regulate the depth to
which they will be likely to sink. The wheel aud its
Accomplishments being Of considerable weight,
great muscular exer;on would be required of the a.
tendaIt to prevent its falling on one side, but for
simple and very eectua provision for its support.
The stout iron shaft on which the main wheel freely
revoves is prolonged some two or three feet on each
side and provided with light carrying wheel, m)unt-
ed loose as in common carriage axle, to ran upon
the ground. These wheels are to maintain the up
right position of the machine, but the weight must at
all times when in operation be allowed to rest on the
digeers. In short the main wheel and the whole ma
chine must be allowed TO sink down into ditch or
rise to the surface, while the carrying wheels siapy
run lightly on the surface at the sides. This end is
accomplished by bending the axle into the form OF
large crank at each side and releasing it from all con-
nection with the machine except that of passing
loosely through the center A catch is provided by
which the attendant who is suppos TO be grasping
par of handles in the rear may make the connec-
ton fixed at pleasure, and when desiring TO
leave the field and travel the road, the weight may
by this means be thrown entirely upon the carrying
wheels.
yIcE's SELF-REEFISG WIsD-MnL.-Mr T. c.
Vice of Rochester, N. Y, English miller Of
siderable experience in operating wiDdmis, had on
exhibition a.. the State Fair model Of patent self
refDg mill designed to operate on &C nsiderably
large scale. The arms and frames usually con-
structed, but the sails filed with hanks or
rings at each end running loosely an iron rod also
with rods and loops at suitable distances along its
length go that the sail is prevented from Stating,
while a, the time it is at perfect liberty to be
fenced or contracted by suitable cords. The main
shaft Of the mill is hollow, and through it leads light
shaft which carries on its end and in front OF the
center of the windmill, bevel wheel. This wheel
gears into power wheels keyed on the end Of light
shafts which extend the whole length of each arm,
having bearings at proper intervals along s length.
Revolving these shafts in one direction contracts the
sail by shortening set Of cords leading directly to
the leech edge OF the sails, while revolving them
in the other direction releases these cords and con-
tracts another set which through sheaves or
through staples he oppOsite side and serve to ex
tend the sail. When all is right, the small shaft in
the center of the main driving shaft is allowed to turn
with it, but If the wind freshens and the mill
too fast the small shaft must be retarded which will
have the effect by revolving the Devil wheels, to reef