The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-05-04


There were no American menof-wsr in the place The
health Of the Island good although many reports have
been circulated TO the contrary
OUR HAVANA CORRESPONDENTS.
HAVANA, April p, 1854.
Railroad 7rdretling in Cubd-Appearance Of the Country
7ares on the People the Of their Discontent-Sla
iery-Chiaese Laborers-Desire for ANNEXATION in he
Country ports Of Cubd-Another Insult 10 he American
Fgdg-Apoher Fine imposed The Black Warrior-Im-
prisonment Of Creole for Singular Qgence-BuU
Bai'ing-Maitary Preparations--Erpected Attack on
Cuba, dc.
Immediately after despatching my last letter. took
the for Batabano and from thence the coast steam
er for Cenfuegos, Trinidad and St. Jago de Cuba-re
turning stopped few days at Matanzas and Gunes and
visited several large sugar, Coffee estates
that lie in their vicnities and arrived last evening
at Havana, just in time to prepare my letters for the
Black Warrior mail II is impossible TO give descrip-
ton in this communication of all that | have and
heard during the past two weeks shall therefore con-
tent myself with few facts that may not be uninterest
ing to the readers of the HERALDpatcuary those who
watching the events transpring between the
United States and Cuba
Railroad travelling in this island is slow work,
Jared with the go aheaitveness of the Anglo Saxon
,ubhc The traveller however reaps advantage from
tan opportunity to view the plantations and villages
~ the route The average rate of speed is about fifteen
piles the hour and instead of valleys, swamps an
hnrshes we pass through most beautiful fertile, aud
nearly level country The tall, majestic waving palm
the nut pineapple orange and many other fruits
of spontaneous growth, meet the view in every
direction The SOIL rich and fertile in the
treme, giving promise of abundance from the
slightest touch of the husbandman, however,
lies in an almost totally neglected state-not
more neenth is under any sort of cultivation
and that OF the most imperfect kind The rude wooden
plough the limb OF tree is stl used to break the SOIL
which is naturally rich that is needed
The seed is sown and the crop reaed with the least pos
sible labor.
With these multiplicity of blessings added to eter-
nal summer, without excessive heat cold the poor
have but little to fear they become rich if they de
SIRE and there is for starvation, unless they
too lazy to the mouth and receive the food that
nature is ever ready to crop into it.
Under such circumstance why are not the Cubans con
tented and happy Why snot the other nine.tenh of
the soil cutiyatedS Ask the Spanish tyrants who
pei the people to support imported standing army of
20 900 600 men that they may enforce tax upon
agriculture and trade to fill the Golfers of Queen Isabel
aud annually enrich hordes of her dependent Spanish
tools, who occupy the entire government offices of Cuba
7 Americanize this island, Cubanize it-and,
conseq ucny take from the leeches that suck away its
life bood-give il liberty and education and ii viii be-
the garden Of the world supplying sugar coffee
cotton tobacco and fruits in abundance with but
little exertion.
True phanthropists should advocate this course, so
as TO elevate mankind and even fanatics, who wildly
against black slavery, If truly sincere, must give
their warmest support to measure that will Immediately
close the ports of this great and only market of the
sent moment under the encouragement of the govern
ment than at former period. And if the abolition
lists have sympathies to for thers besides the
ebony coored there are plenty Of white slaves here
that need them Nor would they be bestowed amiss
upon the tawny colored Chinaman, who has been be-
guled from his home by false promises and deceived
into his present degraded position by the Spanish
ernment, aided and encouraged by Great Britain True
they not called slaves, but their situation is
worse for they have hope. In every department Of
labor they occupy position side by side with the negro
Partang OF the same food and general treatment and
heir term Of seryitude is fixed at eight and twelve years.
,hout the least chance under their present rulers of
eleage at the expiration of that period.
John Chinaman already fills conspicuous place in
luba. You will see him in footmans livery at the
Hurches kneeling by the side of his mistress; he is
brakeman the rail cars-ireman on the steamboat;
NJ cudvetes sugar coffee, anu tobacco carries your
luggage the hotel and fact occupies almost every
situation. to repairing the streets in the chain
gangs. On one plantation | saw eighty, who appeared
conteu tel happy under Kind intelligent MASTER
Others their situations most pitiable. AT the -
estate two had just committed suicide in despair others
had been cruelty beaten and one killed for daring 10 re-
sis his inhuman master To keep up the slave trade,
white and black and this horrible state Of affairs Queen
Isale needs all the aid and comfort" that anti Ameri
journals and blinded fanatica aboltonist in the
United states give her.
During my jaunt in the country, have been enabled
to ascertain correctly the views and feelings the
and cultivators of the soil in relation to American
annexation and am astonished at the universal dissa
tsfacton with their Spanish rulers and the Willingness
eagernes to be under the stars and stripes have yet
TO meet the rst who does not look TO the Americans
The pubeaon Of the Presidents message and other do
cuments in the Ddro has loosened their tongues and
well knowing the character of their masters they rightly
judge that these official publications sded and
from the evident weakness of the justification, they
satisfied that serious troubles already exist and THERE
only fear now is that American
Tor years, in the vain hope of purchasing the island
may this last insult to be passed with simple
reference apology.
saw aths last insult 1T is hard to say which is the
last when they follow each other in such rapid success
sion Immediately after the piraca OF the Black
Warrior an American vessel the Iamartne, while
ming for and near Matanas was fred at by Spanish
of brig. The shot aimed directly for her
nd fell hort ly 81
MARITIME clappcd all sail and ran away from the go
vernment pirate. This has been fully reported to
Recently the agents of the Black Warrior have
been compelled to pay, in addition to the six
back dnes When this vessel put the
line, she memoriazed the government for the
TO carry two or three OF fruit deck without be-
ing liable tonnage duties This granted and az
peller also sent in memorial which brought out the
decision "that only the mail steamers could be allowed
the privilege" demand made upon the
Black Warrior for tonnage duties upon her entire cargo
for five trips, amounting TO 50 600, about six
eight times the value OF the entire deck loads OF fruit
The agent at once petioned the Queen for
of the duty the ground that the freight taken by
permission of the Intendente.
The has been pending for a year and half and
returned. a few days ago. the full amount
demanded and paid under protest and yesterday
81 400 of the sum was returned with the that
they had discovered in the account to the
amount,
demand to satisfy their spirit Of revenge against Mr..
Tying, the agent, who has been grossly insuled and
threatened by the 'Commandante OF the port for sim
ply doing his duty TO his employers The acknowledged
in the account clearly shows the loose and careless
they transact business, and perfect disregard
for the rights Of others.
Last Saturday evening at masquerade ball In Maan-
sas young Creole OF the highest liability
rested by the order Of the Governor for wearing domino
with half Of the face red the other white and blue
star either side This is capital offence in the eyes
of the intelligent Governor The young mans condne.
uent however will be Of short duration as the English
steamer arrived the day before yesterday with general
amnesty from the Queen for all political prisoners Al
every person thinks Isabel would have shown great
love for her subjects had she issued the decree little
sooner.
Captain General Pexuea is q strict OF the
catholic religion During lent his box at the opera
vacant The exercises Of holy week strictly attend
I'D by himself family and oieias and with true Spanish
humility piey and humanity himself ladies and suite
together with the elite and nobility OF Cuba to the
Of "a sb.s