The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-05-17
The City of Odessa.

ODESSA its size its importance TO Russia, and its geo.
graphical position, are matters of interest just Its
bombardment from fleet of twentysix vessels of war,
has brought the unfortunate city before the public
Odessa considered celebrated city, port, and
emporium of Southern Russia, government of Kherson
the northwest coast of the Black sea- about half way be-
tween the mouths Of the Dniestr and Bugg latitude
46 deg IS min 81 North longitude so deg 43 min.
% East. Population, in 1885, 6e023. The rise of
this emporium has been quite extraordinary its foun
daons having been laid by order of the Empress Cathe
rne late 1892 after the peace of Jassy 1t was in
tended 10 enrepot for the commerce of the
Russian dominons the Black sea- and has, in great
measure answered the intention OF its founders 1t has
been said indeed that better locality might have been
chosen and in proof OF this, it is stated that there
springs fresh water within three miles of the
town that the vicinity is comparatively barren and
without wood and that not being or near the mouth
Of any great navgable river, its communications with
the interior difficult and expensive. That these
considerations have great weight is clear but the
other hand the situation has the advantage of being
trail and salubrous the bay roadstead which gen
orally open and easy of access is extensive the water
deep and the anchorage good the port which Is arti
fetal being formed by two moes, is fitted to
date above two hundred ships and has azaretto the
model of that Of Marseies the inconvenience arising
from the want Of water has been obvated by the cutting
Of canal by which 1; is conveyed to the town and
the whole, doubt whether any position could have
teen chosen well suited to entrept The
vicinity by barren has been represent
ed latterly indeed, II has been signay improved by
the formation Of many gardens and by the planting of
extensive vineyards
The town is well built OF soft calcareous stone but the
houses being for the most part detached from each
other there are few handsome streets But a more &C.
rous defect is that the streets generally unptved
and after rain the ground is deep that according
Nr. Elliott "t is not uncommon for gentlemen TO he
Obliged to leave their carriages in quagmres in the mid
ole Of the streets and 10 send to drag them out
But Of the principal streets now either paved
maeadamized and In this aspect the city has been
materially improved. The warehouses for very
extensive The city Is defended towards the by
batteries, and its east side Is citadel which com
mands the town and port. The space comprising the
city and a small surrounding district, which the fran
chise Of the port extends, is bounded by a rampant
Though II cannot be called featuring town Odessa
has fabrics of coarse woolen and silk goods and
has extensive talow redneries breweries disleries
ropeweks, &C.
Among the public buildings may be specified the
church or cathedral OF St Nicholas with cupoa the
Catholic church, hospital two stories in height
large and fine building with public baths large hotels
&c On the quay facing the port in the centre Of the
espanade, is statue in bronze in honor OF the Duo dc
kicheeu to whose enlightened administration much Of
the prosperity OF the city Is ascrbabe OF the various
institutions which the city owes TO the Duke the Iyce
cum, which bears his name founded in 1917 Is one Of
the most important Its organization has been modified
o. ate years and at present Is divided into the acu
ues OF philosophy and Jurisprudence, and has attached
to u gymnasium with four. and primary school with
three classes In 1885 It had $50 pupils and library
with about 1000 volumes. There are also schools for
the education q young ladies', founded in 1929 and 1885
Jews school attended by about AGO pupils an institu
ton for the study Of the Eastern languages schools Of
navigation and commerce an orphan school Sc The
inhabitants as In other rcal towns that have had
rapid rise, are very motley race, consisting Rus
slams Greeks, Jews Poles Italians Germans French &c
In ISL, ukase conferred Odessa for period of
thirty years the important privilege being free port
and her commerce has since rapidly increased. Not
being at the mouth of any great river nor having any
considerable manufactures she is port for the ex
portaton OF what may be called articles called native
growth but in consequence of her convenient situation
excellent port and the privilege which she enjoys she s
as already remarked, the emporium where most Of the
produce Of southern Russia distinction foreign countries
collected for expectation and where OF the foreign
articles required for home consumption primarily