davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25
aEHEsEE FLOUR IN NEW YORK.


During the above period, under the influence
of Canadian drawback bill, or bonding transit
bill, Canadian wheat and -four to large extent
reached New York and were exported in bond, IN
competition with American produce. At one
time the present year, when State -four reached
the high price of SO a SO rs, Canadian -four to
q considerable extent was taken out of bond for
home consumption. In other words it was i'm
ported for home use. Under the influence of
reciprocity treaty, and the rapid extension
made in the cultivation Of wheat IN Upper
Canada, comparing favorably with the progress
making in our Western States, it is likely that
the supplies of Canadian -four and grain in this
market will in the future be greatly increased.
Thus we see that notwithstanding short crops
in France and England, and the closing of the
Russian grain ports, combined with the great
increase in the specie or gold circulation
of the country from the proceeds Of Calfor-
mia mines, prices have not reached those
hitherto borne at other favorable periods.
Since the year 1896, -four has never reached
in this market SIG per barrel, and probably
never will again. All these facts 60 to
prove the great and rapidly increasing
productive power of the valley of the Missis
sippi. The great yield in that prolific part Of
the world has not only operated upon the value
of grain lands on the Atlantic sea- board, but
also upon the value of lands in the valley of
the Genesee, in New York, in the Shenandoah
valley of Virginia, and the interior wheat
districts Of Pennsylvania and Maryland, where
they may be considered stationary in value,
and still the work must 60 on, probably, for
one or two half centuries to come.
To judge Of the rapid annual increase in the
amount Of breadstuffs in the United States, we
give the following tables, taken from the reports
of the Commissioner of Patents, for period Of
nine years, or from 1910 to 1849, inclusive -
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25
The RiRhts OF Neulrals.

THE AMERICAN SHIP MINNESOTA BOARDED AT SEA B,
ENGLISH STEAM FRIGATE.-Captan Allen, Of the ship
nesota, arrived yesterday morning from Liverpool,
ports the following-May rs, lat. $500 long 1000,
boarded by her b. NJ. steamship Gladiator who DEM
ed the ships papers for examination Capt Allen q
the officer, by what authority he boarded his ship
demanded his papers. The officer refused to give any
tisfactory answer
The following is the report Of Capt. Allen" At 1
NJ, May 26 lat. So lon. 10, saw H. B. M. steamship
diator, which fred two guns for us to heave to.
steamer then US and sent boat on board,
ordered the ship to be hove to Immediately; also
manding the ships papers. Capt. Allen inquired Of
officer in charge of the boat by what authority he
manded them The officers reply was by the order
his governm emit, and stated to Capt A. that it was
unpleasant duty for him, but it was Imperative
papers produced and examined, and after an no
delay, the vessel was allowed to proceed. We are
formed by the first officer Of the M. that the mids
man in charge of the boat alongside stated to him
had not the ship been hove to- after firing the two
shots would have boon fred to compel herr
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25
see some decisive blow struck VIII probably re-
greet that Lord Palm rston was mt chosen in
stead of tie Duke of Newcastle.

AMERICAN FLOUR AND GRAIN TRADE-The
statistics of the -four trade in the United States
forms curious study. From tn earliest organ
ization Of the government it has formed lead
ing staple OF trade. 1t has, at various periods,
largely Auctuated in price, influenced mainly
by the average yield Of crops, ana tie condi-
ton of foreign nations. Prior to the year 1900,
and at time when the agricultural supplies
were derived exclusively from the Atlantic
States, or from districts east of the Allegheny
mountains, prices ruled higher than they have
ever been since. Thus, taking the following
years, we find the highest and lowest prices
ruled as follows -
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25
M arlnc Affairs.

The STEAMSHIP PACIFIC Captain Nye, sailed at m
yesterday for Liverpool, with 207 passengers
$3.50, s91 in specie.
bAuEcH OF THE MEXICAN WAR SrEAxRR-The
steamer Santa Anna, built for the Mexican governme
was launched at ten O'Clock yesterday morning. from
A. Westervelt Co.'s Houston street yard. She i
screw steamer, and had most Of her machinery
board when she entered the water and was immediat
afterwards towed around to the Farren Iron Works
receive the balance of her machinery. Her propel
will be worked by two oscilating engines, with thir
six inch cylinders length Of stroke thirty three inch
She is live oak vessel, substantially built, and per
for fourteen guns. Her length on deck Is 1856 fe
breadth Of beam ~ feet, with IL feet depth Of 10
She registers SEQ tons. She will leave in two or th
weeks for Mexico, under command of Captain W
Hunt. Her consort the General Iturbide, of the "a
dimensions, will be launched by Messrs. W. in a w
or two.
The 0srREY.-Tbis steamship has been purcha sed
Messrs stotesbury Linton and will be employed
the Boston trade in connection with the Pennsylvar
Railroad Company, and will be under the command
captain Fontaine. She is now receiving repairs.
machinery Ia at present at Wilmington, but she "
be ready to resume operations in three four weeks
Phti. paper.
CLIPPER SNIP BUILDING At KEY WEST -Messrs Bro,
Curry, Of Key West, have laid the keel of clipr
ship, TO be built Mt that place. of 900 tons burthen
be constructed wholly OF Florida wood and by reside
mechanics
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25

During the foregoing years, the revolution pre-
vailed in France and there was general war in
Europe which combined with the limited amount
of territory devoted to wheat culture, sustained
prices at higher rates than they have ever ruled
since. 1t was at this time that farmers on Long
Island, in Duchess Herkimer, and contiguous
counties, grew rich In this prosperity the
farmers of Pennsy lvania Marylan and Virgil
MIA largely participated Those vast and fer
tile regions in the valley of the Mississippi were
then wilderness, and did not compete in the
production of breadstuffs with the Atlantic
States. The opening and cultivation Of the
rich lands at the West, combined with improve
ments in agricultural machines and methods OF
cultivation, together with the means Of trans
portation, have tended to cheaper the price Of
-four and grain, and not only to bring them in
successful competition with the produce of the
exhausted lands of the Atlantic States, but with
all other parts Of the world. At this very mo-
ment we are feeding western Europe, plunged
as she is into war with grain-growing coun-
try, without causing flour to advance to the
prices it bore fiftyeight years ago.
And we cannot well expect ever again, under
any ordinary contingencies, to see -four and
grain as high as they have been Indeed, the
rapid settlement of the rich Western lands, COM
bined with the use of reaping and thrashing ma
chimes, which enables one man to grow as much
wheat as four or five men could formerly, will,
we expect, for the future, tend to make prices
rule much lower. The result must ultimately
lead to our gaining the markets Of Europe for
breadstuffs, as we now have them for our cot
ton. In other words, we must continue to do
what we are now engaged in dOing-that is, to
feed and clothe the rest of the world. A nation
which clothes and feeds all other countries,
with ordinary prudence, cannot fail ofbecoming
rich and powerful. All that the people of the
United States require to reach a position in the
affairs of nations never before attained, is the
indissolublc adanantine union Of the States at
home, and peaceful commercial relations with
those without.
We find that, owing to the limited field of
cultivation, the prices of flour did not ma
terially decline during the years of the embargo,
or Of the late war with England, as the follow
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25

TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD.
Nearly two years since small shanty was bui
by poor blind man, on the sidewalk in front
Jefferson market Every person felt glad to 81
that the poor man was making a scanty living;
he was allowed 10 remain, although as an incun
brance his shanty was En- oBjecton but we felt pit
for the poor blind man, and he is still there. Thes
slanties have now become a nuisance. We hay
two, built about six months since, directly on Til
principal entrance or sidewalk of Greenwich avenue
We noticed, day or 30 since, that two other dirt
shantjes are building the sidewalk of Sixth AZ
hue. Is this right or proper? Can our market b
ventilated as it should be If these nuisances ar
allowed They are source of disease, the scorct
ing sun pouring down on the decayed vegetable
enclosed. We entreat you to help u.s. by urgini
this matter before the proper authorities for we fec
as peaceful and orderly citizens and wishing tina
every man should live, but not att risk to engende
h,n and disease to ourselves,our wives and famlie:
TWENTY OF Your READERa
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25

MORE PROSPECTS OF DrRT.-We see by q
port in the papers that the dirt cartmen /
organized themselves into an association
their corporate protection, with view
course to obtain better pay for carting
Hadn't they better adopt different plan
turn their hands and their horses to sometl
else? Withour present corporation and mul
pal departments, we should think their voca
was pretty nearly gone. AT the rate the b
ness of cartipg dirt is diminishing they ]
well demand an increase Of pay; but da
coming when no dirt at all will be carted,
of what use will strike then be? Let Il
make up their minds to cart bales and bo
and leave dirt and other fixtures where
are.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25

mountain ranges, the right Of WY will remain
yet to be acquired from Mex CO perh sps at the
expense of another immediate appropriation
of ten, fifteen, twenty or thirty millions of
dollars.
The priv 'leges conceded in the Tehuantepec
plankroad or ra lroad-as we take them-arc all
''mere leather ard prunella." 1t is Mexican
work, to which We agree to pay tribute; where
az, by an adhesion to the Garay contract,
transferred to an American company, we might
have obtained, and with the rejection Of
this treaty, may yet obtain, the complete
business jurisdiction and profits of the
railr DAD, at least to the extent of the Panama
or Nicaragua company. What trading and COM
promising have led to this Tehuantepec arrange
ment of the Gadsden treaty are still mystery
to the public. The managers of the Cabinet or
gan, and certain members Of the kitchen Cabl-
net, have been reported as holding consider
able Tehuantepec interest in the treaty; but
that too, is among the my steries of this curious,
mysterious, and suspicious convention.
Col Benton has arraigned the treaty, on the
higher constitutional grounds Of an invasion OF
/
issue between him and the House to settle.
What we maintain is, that the treaty does not
begin to pay expenses, that the equivalents to
us for the ten millions Of dollars are all moon
shine, and impositons upon the presumed igno-
rance and credulity of Congress, and that the
bargain was largely managed by outside specu-
lators and stockholders. We further maintain
that it calls for rigid Investigation by the
House, that all the facts, circumstances, and
parties concerned in the plot should be dis
closed, and that neither the real interests OF
| Mexico, nor the interests of the United States,
would suffer from its rejection. Twenty mil
lions for the Navy, at this crisis, would be bet
| ter than ten millions to Santa Anna with ten
| times the territory which is involved in the
Gadsden treaty.
Whether the supplies are voted "1mmedl-
ately" or otherwise, the country has the right
| to demand the whole catalogue of the spoils-
men-Ame rican, English and Mexican-con-
cerned in this immaculate treaty Generosity
to Santa Anna is one thing, but collision with
rapacious stockholders and spectators is ano-
Their thing The rejection of this treaty will
doubtless result in something a good deal bet
ter at half price, without infringing upon apro-
per sense of magnanimity for feeble neighbor.
There is no danger Of war in postponing for a
few months longer the establishment of des,
potism in Mexico.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25
PRODUCTS.
Incr'se in 9y'rs 2,06s, $40 62,42s, $50

Thus showing that the increase in the produc-
ton of breadstuffs doubles in from twelve to ff.
teen years. while the population only doubles
once in about twenty-four years, proving that
every year the excess of increased production
outstrips the increase Of population, giving as
surances that every year (barring accidental
circumstances the surplus yield for expor-
tation will increase. This must 60 on until
it is checked by a glut of available foreign and
domestic markets for its consumption. The
same remarks apply to the production of pro-
visions, cotton, &c.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25

widen the former street down to the Bait
and thus obtain the necessary space for
magnificent stores and warehouses that are
crowding down from Broadway to the N
river. This will have the effect of altering
whole character of the neighborhood, and
extension of the railroad tracks to the Bat
will enhance the advantages of these impr
ments by rendering the latter more easily
cessible from the upper parts of the town.
But it will require other temptations |
these to attract the so-called fashionable
from their favorite haunts in the arid and
localities in which they have entrenched Il
selves, and to induce them to give their Id
the benefit of the delicious and refres
breezes that may be inhaled on the Bait
To effect this they must, in the first place
assured that their safety and delicate susc{
bilities will be guaranteed by efficient p@
regulations; and in the second we must rel
the park itself the great feature Of attrad
in New York. We would do this not out oil
very great love or considerationfor the into
or pleasure of our fustian aristocracy, but
desire to break through and confound Il
absurd lines of social demarkation that we|
and vanity endeavor to set up. 1t is obv|
that one of the most effective means of ac@
plishing it is to increase the facilities and
ducements for frequent intercourse in pu|
1t is to this, perhaps, more than any d
cause, that is to be attributed the really rel
lican spirit which, in spite Of accidental
structions, such as that presented by this|
sent regime, is fast conducting the Frenc|
the enjoyment of republican institutions.
To render the Battery what we should d
to see it, one of the great lungs and place
amusement of New York. we must make
Champs Elysee in miniature, by bringin
aid Of its natural advantages all the resou
of art. OF Castle Garden we would ID
what it's architectural form admirably suits i
"a cirque, like that of Franconi, where da
well as evening performances would
tract all classes Of the population. The
ton in the centre of the park of one or
magnificent saloons, from the balconie,
which first rate orchestras would contri
to the enjoyment Of those without as
as those within, would in themselves
stitute irresistible features of attract
Such portions of the grounds as would
be required for promenades, might be
ed off and laid out in ornamental parte
filed with choice plants and flowers. Pr
baths, on vast and commodious scale,
rivalling in convenience and splendor the
Roman establishments, should also form
of the plan. With such accessories contr
ting to the enjoym comfort and healt
all classes Of our city population, and qua
teed to them by on efficient police, we "
soon restore the Battery to greater popula
than ever, and render it one of the finest
most agreeable promenades in the world,
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25

THE HERALD, THE KNOW NorHINas AND THE
IRIsH-We regret to find that considerable
anxiety is felt in the Know Nothing commit
tees and the Irish societies with regard to the
position of this journal in their quarrel. On
tho one side, most plausible reasons are given
by an organ of the former to show why we are
bound to stand by our adopted citizens; and on
the other journal devoted to Irish interests
rates US soundly for our supposed native pro-
clivities. We are sorry that these doughty
bodies have nothing better to do than to trou
BILE themselves about us: and our sorrow is in
creased by the conviction that for the present
both siles had better continue to know nothing
about our opinions When the interests Of the
State require us to take sides with either, we
shall do it in such way as to leave no doubt
on the minds of the most thickheaded as to our
course; till then, we are content to be assailed
by the two suitors for our favor. AS they have
done us the honor to court us, however, we
will give them one piece Of advice. No cause
in the world ever was helped by thick sticks or
paving stones. Every man who is knocked
down by the Irish, augments the popular
prejudice against the race; and every fresh
expression of illiberal opinion that comes from
the Know Nothings alienates from them the
sympathies of honest right minded men. There
are two or three leading points of difference
between the two rival factions. 1t
is the constitutional right of every
American to dislike his neighbor, if
he chooses. He may take spite again t
Irish, o Germans, or his own countrymen and
crafty that spite by refusing to vote for any
individual of that race, by abusing them and
refusing to associate with them. This line of
conduct involves no breach of any municipal
law, and the utmost price it costs is loss of
respect among thinking men. That price, how
ever, must be paid. The foreigner, on the
other hand, who conducts himself in an orderly
peaceable way, loses no respect among sane
men in consequence of his foreign birth: and so
long, therefore, as the Irish and Germans obey
the laws and act as good citizens, they stand
in as good position as their assailants, the
Know Nothings. That position may be lost by
general habit of disobeying the laws, and
course of bad citizenship.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25
ing statement will show -

From 1915 to 1885 were years of peace, and
no external circumstances occurred calculated
to enhance prices The highest average prices
were obtained in 1928, when they stood at
81 IS, and again in 1929, when they reached
So. The lowest points reached were in 1880,
when the average price was IS; 1929, SIS rs,
and in 1925, SIS 81. In this period the first
great channel of transportation was opened
to the West, viz the Erie canal. The Genesee
valley commenced sending its rich stores
to market, and the great West made a
strong beginning in that trade which has since
attained such vast magnitude, and is yet in
its infancy.
These changes were soon visibly impressed
on ruling prices, as we have seen from the
average figures compared with former years.
Farms on Long Island and on the Hudson
river for the first time realized the strength Of
a competition from which they have never're-
covered, and which the opening of new channels
of trade to the West has only tended to render
permanent.
Cheap bread and cheap clothing with fair
health and free institutions, are by far the most
powerful elements Of national prosperity. The
unprecedented growth of New York and other
cities, and indeed Of the whole country, bear
the strongest testimony to the truth of these
statements.
The fault is, that like fast growing youth,
our country in its rapid strides has occasionally
overshot itself; but like the animal sy stem by
little abstinence, dieting, and rest it has
again gathered new energy, rose to re-
newed exertions, and again gone ahead" faster
than ever.
Thus, from overtrading, the abuse Of the
credit system, and the neglect of agricultural
pursuits, and Indifferent harvests, instead Of
being exporters of wheat, we were compelled
in ls36-'37-'3s to import from Europe aboat
five millions of bushels Of wheat, at from 81 GO
to 81 per bushel. The variations in the highest
and lowest prices of -four and grain, during the
following years Of imitation and speculation.
may be seen from the following statement
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25

DEARTH OF News FROM THE SEAT OF War;
Those who, some weeks ago, used to predict
that "the very next mail would bring &C
counts of the storming of Helsingfors, or q
tremendous battle on the Danube, or at least q
decisive movement on the part of Russia or
Austria must by this time have grown tolera-
bly, disheartened So tame war the world
never saw before. Here we have had Sir
Charles Napier-thc FIRE eater-who stopped
the whole feet after setting sail to signal the
shore for more chloroform for two months
in the Baltic, in sight of the enemy 8 shores,
and the most gallant exploits of the cruise
have been the expedition of the Arrogant and
Hecla against q petty fort, and the capture Of
a few merchantmen. In the Black Sea- which
has been swept for the same or a longer period
by the allied fleets, an immaterial attack on
Odessa has been the only event. Sevastopol
has never been molested, the Russian feet have
been allowed to enjoy repose, and the allied
admiIals have done little more than survey the
coast. Nor have the land forces presented any
contrast to this inertia policy. Marches from
Gallipoli to Scutari, from Scutari to Silistria
have been much canvassed in the papers; but
had it not been for Omer Pacha and his Turks
people might have begun to believe the war
was farce, In point of fact, both Great
Britain and France have enjoyed SO long a
peace that neither Of the two is as yet fairly
aroused to the war pitch, and in consequence
The military movements are progressing at a
rnoet eluppisb pacp We r,n.l ,,roboJJy ooor,ho
to the wretched arrangements for the convey
ance of the British troops to the East, and for
their comfort there, the recent appointment of
an English Minister Of War but IL no other
reasons had pointed out the necessity Of this
step, the want Of vigor displayed by the mill
tary and naval commanders would have rem
dered 1t imperative. Those who still desire
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25

MARETZEK AT CASTLE GARDEN.-The remainder of
rezeks artistes have arrived in the steamer Union
Havre and he is making preparations for his serit
grand operas at Castle Garden The season win prot
commeI ce next Thursday evening.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-06-25
fiorr Wheat C1r
Highest Loicest. Highest Lowest. Highest Lo,oest
1886 So GO SO 80 S2l IL 81 35 si y. so Il,
1897 10 rs II 90 2l5 80 20 0 s.

With the revulsion of that period, reaction
of prices ensued. They no doubt received
great additional imitation from the large amount
Of paper money put afoat, with the prevailing
spirit Of speculation. II was an extraordinary
spectacle TO see a country 50 rich in agricultu-
raj resources, an importer of breadstuffs at
such enormous prices.
We come now to another interesting period
in the movements Of breadstuGs, viz: from
1888 to 1854, which embraces the period of the
Mexican war, and the famine years of 1917 and
1913, in Ireland and England. Aud although
there was an immense demand for both grain
and -four, we find the productive resources Of
the great West had become to- powerful to
enable prices to reach the high rates they had
previously attained OF other less urgent periods