The Nevada journal., 1854-01-06
Per Adams & Co.'s Express.
Arrival of the Sierra Nevada.
PRESIDENTS MESSAGE.

arrived at San Francisco on the 31st December,
at o'clock p. NJ.
The dates are to the 5th Dec. from New
York, Dec. 7th from New Orleans, and to No
vember 2lst from Europe.
We are indebted to Adams & Co. for the
delivery of the first papers containing the news,
also to Wells, Fargo & Co. for supply of At
lantic and California papers.
Congress met at noon on the 5th ult. The
House elected on the first ballot Linn Boyd, of
Kentucky, by vote of l42 out of 2l7 men,
bers present The wings threw their vote for
Joseph R. Chandler. John w. Forney was
elected clerk
The Senate was organized with Mr.. Atchis-
on in the chair. Several new Senators were
sworn in. The following sketch of the Presi-
dents message is from telegraphic despatch
to the New Orleans Picayune after the sailing
of the steamer from New York. .-sg
The Presidents Message.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 4, 1853, 10 P. M.--The
Message, which it is expected, will be delivered
tomorrow, is briefer than usual. ~, ,.r ...-
1t reafirms the principles which have been
enumerated by Dir. Marcy in the Koszta case,
and proclaims the determination of the Presi-
dent to abide by them. = 80 'f'-
| 1t will show that our relations with Mexico
are promising and peaceful and that the guano
difficulty arising ont of the question of proper
ty in the Guano Islands, has been satisfactorily
adjusted with Peru. ....t r.se.
The Importance of opening the Amazon to
the commerce of the United States and other
nations of the world, is discussed, and it is in
timated that the administration is making
strenuous efforts to accomplish it. s.:
The fishing question is still unsettled, al
though negotiations for its arrangement are in
progress. ..... ..--. -t.... r..
The attention of Congress is particularly
called to the Importance of having more ac-
curate definition of the boundary between the
United States and the English possessions on
the northwest .:
The justice of the Spanish claim for indemni-
ty in the case of the schooner Amistad is con-
ceded but severe animadversions are made on
the conduct of the Spanish authorities towards
American citizens in Cuba, and it is ntimated
distinctly that such conduct will not be tolerat-
ed, and must at once be stopped.
With regard to the subject of slavery, the
message reafirms in the strongest terms the
principles on which the compromise is based
and adopted. -s. -.
The reduction of duties on certain articles is
urged, and the removal of duty altogether, in
some cases, so as TO make reduction of fifteen
millions on the receipts of the past year.
A very large increase in the extent and eff
cheney of our navy is recommended, as also a
modification in the organization of the army
An extension Of the public land system will
be suggested as rendered quite necessary by
the circumstances of change and progress
which are oporeating throughout the Republic.
Some notifications of it for application in
Utah and New Mexico will be pointed unto as
requisite. Some modification of the laws 80 as
to favor actual settlers, will also be recommen-
ded, together with an extension of the pre-
emption principle.
will be mentioned as among the chief subjects
to be addressed.
The judicial system is shown to need very
important changes, and it is suggested that
probably reduction of the number of the
Judges in the Supreme Court as vacancies
occur, so as to limit it to five members only
: who should be entirely relieved from attention
: to circuit duties, would be judicious STEP
, And it is proposed, that, should this be taken,
circuit judges shonld be appointed independent
, of the Supreme Judges.
, No appropriations for internal improvements
are recommended. Reasons for withholding
f them are assigned at length. These are based
upon the injustice, the irregularity, the inefli-
cheney, and total inadequacy of the present
system on which they are generally conducted
They are shown to be utterly inadequate to
y meet the demands of commerce, or afford the
necessary protection to human life and property
This question is argued closely and minutely
and it is suggested that Congress should EN-
power the several States to levy tonnage dutie:
. for the purpose of raising funds for the works
8 they may deem it necessary to commence. L
Q is distinctly recommended that all appropria
il tion by the General Government, for the pur
# pose of building the Pacific Railroad be dis
: countenanced, and objections are suggested tt
t appropriations of alternate sections of land
except under circumstances sufficient to induce
q judicious individual proprietor to make
d similar disposition of the lands. .........
: The power of Congress, under certain cir
q cumstances, to construct military roads for tht
, purpose of common defence, is fully admitted
but it is unequivocally stated that the Pres
s dent is clearly convinced that the common
J, defence of the country does not demand tn
,. undertaking of any such work by Congress, q
the construction of railroad to the Pacific
The declaration of the message on foreigl
a policy, particularly in reference to the exter
S sion of the territory and principles Of the Re
e public, are boldly progressive and the ''Y oun
:. America " views and Monroe doctrines ar
7 clearly and firmly proclaimed as those whic
+ the Administration will resolutely assert an
u foster. a.....
p More Of the Presidents Message.
= = New YORK, Dec. 6.-The following is
Il continuation of the synopsis of the President
Message, already transmitted.
u The President considers it advisable that
a naval force should be stationed ON the.fshin
grounds for the protection of Americans pul
suing their vocation there.
$ Embarrassing difficulties are stated to b
o arising between the British and America
), Governments with regard to those questions i
$ reference to affairs in Central America whic
l. Mr.. Buchanan was authorized to settle.
: Allusion is made to the commission sittin
in London, for the purpose of efecting an al
It rangement of American and British claims.