davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

Now, the above table renders it perfectly
clear, that if the South may claim mental and
moral superiority to the North, on the ground
that it possesses a smaller proportion of luna
ties and idiots, for a like reason the slaves may
claim an unapprOachable superiority to all
other classes. For while every 1906 white men
number a lunstic, and every 1871 an idiot
among them, the slaves only have lunatic to
every 6, 799, and an idiot to every 2,7lO!
Every man of sense and candor, upon this
view of the facts, will perceive the necessity Of
explaining them as VIC have done above. 1t is
clear that as regards the slaves, the returnc
arc grossly defective; and the same is true, to
a great extent, Of the returns of the white pop
ulaion Of the South But if Southern writer's
insist on the accuracy Of the Census, then on
their premises they must admit their inferiori.
ty to the slaves.
If lunacy is more prevalent among the
Northern people than among the free people
of the South, it is for the Same reason that
there is more lunacy among the freemen of the
South than among the slaves, viz: greater
mental activity twill be observed that lido
cy is not proportionslly go rare as lunacy
among slaves; and hence, allowing for great
defects in the returns, it is apparent that the
proportion of lunatics is exceedingly small in
the class which has least occasion to use it.
brains.
OF the 629 idiots in the slave States, 1885,
arc slaves and 2l0 free colored. Deducting
these from the total, we have 5,237 among TIT
white people Of the South. The white populs
ton of the South numbers 6,15l, 24O; and tht
ratio OF idiots is therefore one to every ], ia
persons. The population of the free States il
l3,524O4O, of whom 9,IOS are idiots; or 6
ratio OF one to l ,4Sl persons It is hence clear
that the greater insanity of the North is off
sstted by the imbecility of the South and thil
result is apparent notwithstanding the imper
fec. returns from that section.
We now give place to some statistics of pau
perism, in which Northern and Southerr
States are contrasted. They present result
as little fl altering to the South as the abov,
comparison of Tennessee and Massachusetts i
to the latter.
1t must be borne in mind that slaves canno
be paupsrs, but must be suPpcrts& by thei
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17
VOL. VIII.

Cyane. That same day, the 18TH A. ID. JoIlsv
commander of the Bermuda, went to San J1a3'
and put up two prOolamatiOn5, declaring M
place under martial law. On the Goth inst
he sent force of marines to take the bra,
cannon, which he says belongs to Great Bit
ain, and was left for the protection Of San
Juan he took it, under protest of the United
States commercial agent, and blOcksded n,
was risking his life by going out for any vessel
without his permission"
On the goth of July, G. Hancock, command
er of the British SloOp Espeigle addressed ,
note to J. M. Scott, agent Of the Acccssy,
Transit Company, in which be says
"The late destruction of that part Of the s,
of Greytown situated on the south side Of H.
harbor, having rendered it necessary for h,,
Britannia Msjesty's naval forces to Interfere !,
the re-establishment Of the Government anil
the protection of the inhabitants. have to IN.
form you that, although am fully aware thu.
the occupation of the point wherein are SIN,
ted the factories of the Accessory Transit C.l.
pany has ever been a disputed point bctaee-
that company and the authorities Of Greytov-
without entering into that question G0w. can
only consider those buildings as forming q lar
of the city, until the circumstances lately tran.
acted here, having been fully brought ber-
the respective Governments, shall elicit q
cided arrangement.
ain the meanwhile, find Lieut.. Couman.
ing Jolley, of her Britannia Majesty's schoon.
Bermuda, has found it necessary, for the Ire
ervatiOn of life and property, TO proclaim Il
city of GreYtown under martial law In Il
necessity of which step fully concur. Ee,
by inform you that, so long as your emp0ye,
and laborors, &c. conduct themselves peace
bly,, they will be permitted to carry en- the
business as heretofore and shall be protect.
from any aggression, in the same manner
the other portions Of the city"
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17
WASHINGTON, ID. C..
THURSDAY, AUGUST II, 1854.
q = q = = .
RENEWALS AND NEW sUBsCRPu0Ns.-WHo
RESPONSE

The time has come when we mues call upon
subscribers whose terms have expired and are
about expiring, to renew; and, while doing SO,
70 send new names with their own. The first
half of the present volume Of the Era closed
with the month Of June. We have sent out a
special request to our voluntary agents, to
JOIN an determined and vigorous effort to en-
large our list The time is suspicious. People
arc aroused on the subject Of Slavery, and
need information. Only the first great tri-
umph Of the Slave Power has been won. Fur
ther and more dangerous aggressions are medi-
tatcd The Anti-Slayery sentiment of the
country needs organization. To promote the
great cause Of Union for the sake Of Freedom,
the most active efforts ought now to be made,
20 increase the circulation OF newspapers op-
posed to Slavery.
The Era needs a special movement in its
favor. Some of its best agents during the last
twelve months have diverted their lsbors TO the
establishment Of local Anti-Slavery papers.
We do not complain Of this, but could they
not now spare icE weeks to the Era which
has no local support, and must depend alone
upon the general interest felt in the vigorous
maintenance of such a paper at the seat of
Government In brief terms let us say that,
should they succeed in adding to our Weekly
let SIX thousand subscribers 1t would not &c
pay the loss we have sustained IN undertaking
to carry on a Daily Era, although it would
enable US 20 relieve ourselves from the embar-
easements in which that has involved us.
Let every agent use his bcs. exertions for
tho paper. Let every subscriber whose time is
about to expire, renew promptly, and send us
ct least one new name. We reprint ouI
Terms and shall keep them standing as q
guide to the efforts Of cur friends:
TERMS oF TIE NATIONAL ERA
One copy, year, 50 One copy, months 81
Three copies, do, 5 Five copies, do,
Ten copies do, Is Ten copies, do,
Voluntary agents are entitled to retain Sc
cents commission on each new yearly, and %
cents on each new semi-yearly subscriber, ex
cept in the case Of clubs. Twenty-Five cents i,
the commission on the TenepGL Of an old cub
scriber
a club Of three subscribers lone of whom
may be an old one) at SIS, will entitle the per
making it up 10 copy Of the Era three
months; club of five lsWo Of whom may be
old ones) at IS, TO a copy for Elk months; club
of ten five of whom may be old ones at SIS,
to a copy for one year.
Money to be forwarded, by mail at my risk.
Largo amounts may be RENTED 10 drafts or
certificates of deposit. e. BAILEY.
Washington, d. c, 1851.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17
GEN. WASHINGTON ON SLAVERY.

The Neto York Tribune a few days since,
contained the following extract Of letter of
Gen. Washington, never before published:
eve conclude these observations with an
impressive extract from hitherto unpublished
letter of Washington to Tobias Lear, written
from Philadelphia on the 9th of May, 1894, while
Mr.. Lear was in Great Britain, charged with
negotiations for the sale of considerable por-
ton of Wsshington's landed estate:
{" Il have no scruple in disclosing to you that
my motives to these sales are to reduce my in
come, be it more or less to specialities that the
remainder of my days may thereby be more
tranquil and free from care and that l may
be enabled, kno10tng IChGt my dependence as, TO
do as much good as my resources 0ClH admit J, for
although, In the estimation of the world, pos
sess good and clear estate, yet so unproduc-
tive is it, that am Oftentimes ashamed TO refuse
AID t0hieh / cannot afford, unless I sell part of
it to anstoer this purpose. Besides these, have
another motive which makes nee EARNESTLY
wish for these things-IT IS, IRDEED MORE
POWERFUL THAN ALL THE REsT-namely: 10
hberGte certain species of property Uhich
possess Uery repugnantly to my Ot0a feelings,
but Ichtck imperlouS necessity compelS, until
can substitute some other erpedient, By schtch er-
peJlSeS not in my poloer to aUoid (hoOeUer aceLL
disposed may be to do it, can be betrayed
after reading these words, who shall ac-
ouse Washington of parsimony, or cite his ven
cradle and sacred name as that of an apollo
gist for slaVery?n
A Virginia editor attempts to discredit the
authenticity of the letter; but he only displays
his ignorance of the writings of Washington,
and of the history of his country, if he under
takes to deny Washington's opposition to Sla-
very. He liberrted his slaves in his will, ex-
pressing his regret that he had not been able
to do SO in his lifetime; and in several letters,
to Gen. Lafayette and others, he expressed his
anxious concern to see Slavery abolished. The
Virginian who denies this displays deplorable
ignorance or reckless mendscity. G.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17
A QUESTION AND AN ANSWER.

-, Pa, august /, 1854.
"DEAR SIR: It is currently reported here,
that Mr. Douglas, in walking the streets of
Washington city, without stint denounced the
clergy, with bitter cures, for their protest
against the Nebraska bill. We are anxious to
know whether Mr.. Douglas is guilty of public
profanity, as represented here"
We do not know that Mr. Douglas is guilty.
of tho offence charged. We believe that, So
cially and morally, he is regarded by his neigh
bors as no worse than other men, and as not
in these particulars meriting social odium.
That his pecuniary interests commit him deep
ly to the perpetuation of Slavery, is as far as
we think it just and becoming to go, in COM
mentiDg upon his personal affairs and into
this matter We regard it as the duty of his
nominal constituents of Illinois to look with
deep concern. His heart is where his treasure
is. He is of Pro-Slavery men one of the most
ultra, and of statesmen seeking to promote the
slave interest, one of the most reckless and un-
scrupulous. We need seek for no other grounds
upon which to condemn him.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

HEALTH OF WAsHINGToN.-Thcrew were 1871
deaths in Washington city last month-I5O
white, and 81 colored persons; lOl were un-
der five years of age. Died of consumption
13; cholera infantum SO; cholera morbus !;
diarrh@a 9; dystentery IL typhoid fever . {;
sun stroke 5; and none Of cholera.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

LIBERAL AND PATRIOTIC SENTIMENTS! The
Lynchburg VA Republican says:
1t is not the freign population that we
have to fear in our contest with abolitloDism
it is the nativc-boTn New Eoglander, that Is
byneture az abolitiOnist. lie is raised upon IT
ard it can't be gotten out Of him. A Know
Nothing Southern society against the emigra-
ton of Yankee sbolitionists into our midst
would be more sensible move, aud meet with
greater appreciation in the South
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

TIE ,.RMoRY QUEsTIoN.-The speech of
MIR. Banks ~ reply to Mr.. Keitt and others,
on the superinte,. 'ency Of the armOries, is high
Jv smoker of gc 4. ended the mechanic with
great ability. He was in "aTii9r years an oper.
alive in q machine shop, ana mas sO'o fign'
TO speak f1r that class of our eth S,:.J
Washington o.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

10 1t is said that Francis Burt, of South
Carolins, VIII not accept the GovornOrship Of
Nebraska.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

20 Commodore Downs, United States Navy
died at Boston on Tire 18th inst
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

e Schuyler Colfax Esq, editor Of the
South Bend tInd) Register, has been nomina-
tod for Congress, by the Wings of his State.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

EMIGRA NJ AID SOCIETIES. - We receive
many concentrations asking for particular in
formation in regard to these societies. When
the name and post oiHco CT the correspondent
arc given, NC send them to these whose duty it
is to give such information by means of letters
and circulars This.is the only judicious and
efficient means Of responding TO such inquiries
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

THE DEATH OF A FUGITyE.-We have he-c.
tofore noticed the regretted death of Hsn-y
Bib, the editor of The Voice Of the Fogri,l
at Windsor, Canada West, on the first ius,aa,
He was born a slave in Kentucky; but, Layn,
gained home in the land of freedom in hi.
manhood, he became an efficient advocate Of
the cause of Freedom, and was prominent
connected with the Anti-Slaycry movement as
lecturer, author, and editor.
On the day Of his death, the col5rci cit.zcr,
of Detroit were on a pleasure excursion On
board tho steamer Ruby, between Amhers;.
burgb, Canada West and Detroit Michigan
ain commemoration Of tho anniversary d
the emancipation of 800. 600 human being,
from chattel slavery in the British West lnis
Islands" The death Of Mr.. BIB being an.
nounced the company organized q meeting
and resolved that in his death, Freedom ba
lost one Of its noblest champions, and human.
ty one Of its brightest ornaments" that b
was " one who stands among tie first on Il
page Of history as tho elevator Of his race.
that the emancipated bOndmcn from Anne.
can slavery, and the free coIorod cmigrar
now in Canada, have lost their chief pills
and one of their most brilliant advocate; th
lit was appropriate that such gTand az
sublime life should come to q close on such a
evontful day" and that J. T. Holly be rcqacs
ed TO deliver an culogium on the life and cha
actcr Of the deceased. George de Baptist Re
VIM. C. Munroe j. Theodore Holly, VIM. Ian
bert, and Peter Thomas, were prominent ac,c
in the proceedings of this meeting.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

At "a Convention Of The Wings of the first
Congressional district CT Vermont, held at
Nliddlcbury, 90 the 1st instant, Mr.. Meacham
was nominated for reelection to Congress.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

A SocKDoLoGER!-The New Bedford Mer-
curry abiding to the GreytOwn affair, says that
the Administration has shown more magnafim.
ity than could have been expected by it's most
ardent admirers. 1t felt obliged to thrash
somebody, and it has taken one Of its size!
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17
North CAROLINA.

The result Of the North Carolina election is
decidedly Dem cratic" 1t seems that Nh
Badger has m ,de nothing by his jealous sup
port Of the Nebraska Kansas bill. On the con-
tra-y as We apprehcnded, ne has defeated his
party in the State, and himself by disjolying
the last link which bound it to the national
organization. After al acknowledged di5solu-
ton of tho connection with Northern Wings,
individuals, even those sympath'zng with Mr..
Badger, as a matter o. course, began to ask
themselves what was tha.pSs Of. keepiPPqFo pp "a
the Administration, on the most vital issue of
the day, was an additional reason for abandon
ing all opposition.
The following is the result, as nearly as is
yet ascortaincd, Of the election:
Raleigh, august - - UntfH ;ial returns
from the whole state have been received
Brlgg's ODau1.) majority over Dockcry (Whig)
j. O25. The Senate composed of fifty men,
ber=, has 20 Democrats to 20 Wings The
House, composed Of 100 members, has 90 Dem
ograts to % Whgs-makiug 20 Democratic
majority on joint ballot
Mr. Badgers term expires On the 18th CT
March, and the place Of MIR. Mangum is still
vacant; 50 there are two places in the Senate
to eli. Mr.. Dobbin, the Secretary of the Navy,
is one Of the most popular Democrats in the
State, if not the favoEite; and, having a place
to resign, his chances are good for the long
tern. The Democratic majority is too strong
to leave MIR. CIngmau any hope. e.
D5- The Boston Commonwealth, in noticing
MIR. G.ddings's late address, says that the next
House Of Representatives, eve hope and be-
EcYe, is 10 contain moro Anti-Slavery men
than any other previous Congress, aud old
Gddings' ought to be there to see and rej1ice
in the fact"
G5- The New York Wing State Convention
itto assemble on Wednesday, the 20th Of Sep
tember, at Syracuse, for the purpose of nomi-
mating candidates fer Governor, Lieutenant
Governor, Canal Commissioner, and State Pris-
On Inspector.
% The U. S. chip Cyane arrived at the
ChsriestOwn, Massachusetts, Navy Yard, on
the 18Th instant, bringing as a passenger MIR
F4bens, the United States Commercial Agen
OF Greytown.
Iowa The partial returns from this Stat,
indicate the success of the opposition to thu
present Administration. A Governor an,
members Of Congress have been elected.
&laf,r II e l.,
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

Iowa The partial returns from this State
Indicate the success of the opposition to the
present Administration. A Governor and
members Of Congress have been elected.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

ANTI-SLAvERY PAPERS. The Balumor,
american, the leading paper of that city an
very decided Pro Slavery journal says:
"The National Era, the Anti Slavery organ
at Washington, has suspended its daily Issues
and will hereafter be published weekly. Tbs
docs not look as if the cause Of Abolition va,
nOurishing, when decidedly the best, and tie
only respectable, journal they possess, Is Dc;
adequately supported"
The american should have stated that o-T
daily paper was put forth for the nonec. with
but little thought on tho part Of It's publisher
of giving it a permanent existence in this land
of Slavery. 1t is something Of a triumph that
any paper devoted to Freedom can be isuc-
here. Time was, when it could not
Touching the remark that ours is The only
respectable journal" the Anti-Slaycry party
possesses, we have only to say that we tharA
the editor for his acknowledgment Of OCT re.
speotability, and regret that his ac4ua;ntan..
with the Anti-SIavory press Of the country is
80 limited as it manifestly is.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

TERRITORY OF GREYTowE.-ThoN New OH
National Democrat, an independent support
or of the present Administration, says:
"The naval forces of the United States ha7.
ing subjugated Greytowu, thus making i5
territory of the country By acquisition, ami
Congress having failed to provide measures o'
its government, it is understood that the Pres
dent will proceed to organize a Go7crnmta;
there
We suppose the Democrat is joking but o
are most persons, when they first sugso-t The
monstrous strides of power that are soon tlc-..
after taken in all seriousness.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

It will be observed that in the free States
the lunatics arc more numerous than the idiots
while in the Southern States, the idiots are in
the majority. After ma king all due allowance
for the fact above stated, that Southern luna
ties ere sent to Northern asylums, there will
still, doubtless, remain a larger proportion of
insane in the free than the slave States; while
it is equally apparent, that the proportion of
idiots at the South is greater than at the North.
The comparatively greater number of North
crn lunatics indicates greater mental activity
in that quarter Of the Union. This truth we
will proceed to illustrate, by showing the very
small proportion of lunatics and idiots among
the slave population.
In order to show the relative proportions Of
insane and idotic belonging to each class of
the population, wo have condensed the follow
ing statement from the Census:
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

The "FUsIoNn IN INDIANA.-Thc S. J3.
seph's Valley Register publishes the foll2w.r;
list of papers, hitherto Democratic or ncutra
which now advocate the election Of the Stat
ticket nominated by the Freedom Convention
of July 10:
New Castle Banner, Madison Courier la
Fsyette Courier, Wabash Gazette, Temperance
Union, Valparaiso Observer, Terre Haute Pa.
RE City, La Fayette Gazette Wabash Valley
Olio, PERU Chspman's Chandelier, Fountain
County Democrat Lawrenceburg independent
Pressn
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

~ The whilom widow of the Mormon
impostor, Joe Smith, Is now the wife Of ia'
ern keeper at Nauvoo the old settlement o.
the Mormons in Illinois. She has with her o
son of Joe Smith, who bears his fathers name
Neither she nor her children believe in lioi
monism, of course. Theirs, at least. was
bitter Mormon experience
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

10 1t has recently been mado public tia
VIM. Miller, now seventy-Ono years Old hi
been in Winchester prison, England, for u
last thirty nine years, for the crime Of being il
debt. 1t is possible that his creditors, or thel
heirs, are sorry that William was not lett a
liberty to grow wise, and honest and able .,
pay his debts, rather than to be kept IN prison
to grow rOvengeful, and poor, and Old, an'
helpless.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

A LIBERAL DoNATIoN.-We learn from ~, su'
Savannah Republican that DR.. William I' -
rell, of Sparta, Ga, has made donation CO.. y,
500 600 to the Franklin College at Athens, W
the purpose of endowing a professOrshiP o. o.
ricuitural chemistry. He has suggested t me
DIR. Daniel Lee, the editor of the Southern W.
tivator, is very suitable person to fill the cps a..
DR.. Lee has until recently held position II '-'
Patent Office in this CITY.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

% The U. S. chip Cyane arrived at the
Chsriestown, Massachusetts, Navy Yard on
the 18Th instant bringing as a passenger MIR.
Febens the United States Commercial Agent
OF Greytown.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

10 There would be very few duels, If there
were no newspaper fame to follow
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

were no newspaper fame to follow.
Our readers are doubtless aware Of the eIeo,
ton Of new Roman Catholic University ID
Dublin, of which DIR. Newman is to be the ff,',
ident. On looking about for Professors ..O
Chair of Geography was offered to DR.. Brow Is
con. He declined it, and asked Tor tna' ~ !.
Philosophy, which was refused. Since thc'' w
Doctor has had no great sympathy WIN ~,
eigners or foreign institutions, as may be seLD
by perusal of late number CT bis reyle"-.n'
Know Nothing article in which, by the HsJ,
caused Archbishop Hughes to send pe r,
~ order to " stop his review"-N. I. "'''
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1854-08-17

o. The New York Wing State Convention
i'to assemble on Wednesday, the 2Oth Of Sep
tember, at Syracuse for the purpose of nomi-
mating candidates fer Governor, Lieutenant
Governor, Canal Commissioner, and State Pris-
on Inspector.