Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1854-01-27
TERMS OF ADVERTISING.

No advertisement rejecting upon private charac er
can, under ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, be admitted.
, 10 the two-does guano owe its value; and we can
assign money value to EACH and thus estimate the
Vaiue OF any particular quantity by the aggregate
Value OF the dlerent substances which make I'D that
quantity. The value of the whole being equal to
the united value of the several parts necessary TO
make up that whole.
By the most careful estimates, the ammonia is worth
about H. and the phosphoric acid texsts in qua
no. representing little more than double its guam
lty OF burnt bone-dust is worth 81 cents per pound
and every analyses should state the amount of Phos.
phorIc Acid, and not the phosphates which vari-
able compounds.
There several other constituents in guano be,
sides those first mentioned-a little plaster of Paris
a smaller quantity of common salt, &c. but these
are in such small quantities not TO be worthy of
consideration because they can be very easily sup
piled from many sources The statements which |
made upon this subject, when last addressing your
honorable body, still adhere to, for they have been
since confirmed by repeated observation, by the con-
current testimony of many practical men, and borne
out by other high authorities than those given at
that time. | then said:
=" Notwithstanding the various compounds which
enter into its composition, yet its value almost
tirely depends two of them. On the ammonia
already present in it as salt, with that which is
capable of being formed by the decomposition of its
azotized matter, and its phosphoric acid phos
phates, which are combinations of this acid with
some base. The small quantity of the other sub
stances in possess particular value, they can
if needed, be supplied much cheaper from other
sources
| Does the value of guano depend on its ammonia
which it already may have, or which may be formed
in it, and its phosphoric acid or phosphates I! We
have, in support of this, a unity of sentiment
amongst the ablest chemists. Liebig Ure, Johnston,
Way, and indeed. nearly all who have written on
the subject, agree in the opinion that guano owes
its value to its ammonia and phosphates. These two
substances must give guano its value, nothing else
ol1oo IL e
other matters remain, which be cheaply obtain
| ed from other sources
Not only these substances the cause of the val
ue of guano, but as either may exist in greater or
less proportion, in any particular specimen, it makes
that specimen better or worse for particular Soils
Ammonia is supplied to plants in large quantities
from the atmosphere, being absorbed by SOILS and,
with iron and clay, forms . true salts" But if any
particular soil has not this absorbent capacity and
has deficiency of iron and clay, it cannot obtain
ammonia from the usual source of supply, and will
be unproductive, unless it be supplied from some
other source. If guano is used then the purchaser
should know which of the different lots contain the
most ammonia. But many soils have the capacity
to supply themselves with ammonia but are deficient
In phosphates, and therefore barren and if the own
ers OF soils find it more convenient to buy guano
than any other manure, they should know what spe-
clmens contains he largest quantity of phosphates
what samples contain the most of what they want.
If the purchaser does not know, would he be
stanty liable to loss in buying the wrong specimens?
1t even acts WELL he is not assured that another
specimen would not have acted better. If on his
land, in one year, he makes luxurant CROP by the
use OF guano, the next year by the use of different
specimen, even at the same price, he may make
ry inferior crop. Guano, therefore, has a relative
value in relation to particular soils, it supply
them with greater or less proportion of their def
ciencies; it has absolute value depending the
quantity of ammonia which is already, or can be
formed in it, and on its phosphates Most clearly
and unquestionaby them its inspection should show
fho Of hofk kboSo 10
show its absolute worth, and its relative value of diff
feren soils. When farmer is buying guano, let
him know howmuch of each valuable substance he
may be purchasing, then he will not be spending his
money without knowing what he is getting for it,
and can better suit his guano TO his particular soil
The proportion of the two valuable substances is
ry variable and yet the guano, at present, has but
two, or at most, three grades of value.
The average of all analyses made by Seibig show
the average composition of undamaged Peruvian gu
ano 10 be of per cent.
Ammonia, 17.41
Phosphate of Lime, 2412
In England this manure is offered for sale, guar
Gnteed to contain 16 per cent. of ammonia, by the
ton, of 2240 lbs at less rate than it is sold here,
with guarantee. for 1000 pounds, because protee
ted CO by an inspection which allows, in some in
Stances 6, 8, 10, 12 Ia, 16 and II per cent of am
monia alike to pas. as No. l.
MODE OF ALPHABETICALLY proper rule to sow
guano is to place al dtayS the seed possible
With wheat, therefore, it should be covered deep
as the wheat, and deeper, and in the way
with other crops. After the ground has been prop
erly prepared for seeding, let the wheat be sown,
then the guanO, and the whole narrowed in together
turned under in whatever way the farmer has been
accustomed to do it. If the drill be used Gas il al
ways should be) for putting in wheat, then the qua
no must be on the furrow, and narrowed in be-
fore the wheat is drilled In stiff clay soil, in
soils stiff from large quantity of fine sand, such
the White Oak Soils )" or in light sandy or gravel
ly soils, if the proper quantity of plaster has been
used, no loss will happen. The ammonia always
benefits plants most in the first stages of their growth
in the latter stages is not beneficial Hence
the proprety of the rule for bringing the guano in
proper quantities very to the seed as it
terminates. The plant is thus, in its most necess
tous condition, supplied with food and receives cor
responding benefit. 1t sends out numerous roots,
of mineral matters in the soil. There is also
obtain the food from the atmosphere. The guano
thus not only nourshes the plant directly, but ena
bes it to seek for appropriate and more abundant
supplies from other sources. Ii helps 1T when it
most needs help, and then enables it to help itself.
! No SABBATH.-In a "PriZe Essay on the Sabbath
written bya journeyman printer in Scotland there oc
ours the following PASSAGE
''Yoke fellow think how the abstraction OF the
Sabbath would hopelessly enslavc the working class
es with whom we are identified Think of labor thus
going on in one monotonous and continuous and eter
nal cycIe-limbs forever the rack, the fingers for
playing the e-bas forever straning the feet
forever podding, the brain forever throbbng, the