Weekly national intelligencer., 1854-01-28

Sates-such, for example, the right fedora
sitting another State the right pursue and reclaim
who has escaped from service equal privileges
mmunites secured to citizens of other States prov
sion bound from another shall
be obliged 10 enter and clear pay dtiesan prove that
is intended to the reet Intercourse between the c
the different States For all the great purposes for
which the Federal Government formed peo
pie, with country. We all citizens Of the United
States and members of the community, have
right pass and epass through part of il without in
errupton as freely as in States And imposed
by State for entering s territories harbors inconsistent
with the rights which belong to the States
was intended to attain. Such power in the States could
produce nothing but dcord and mutual irritation, and they
very clearly do not possess IT,.
In the celebrated license cases, 5 Howards Reports,
Judge Mclean briefly, though distinctly, fixes the same
Interpretation upon the clause in question In that
he says:
"The power regulate among the several States
given Congress in the words as the power over for
egn But in the article it is declared that
preference shall be given by regulation of commerce
or the ports of State those Of another
nor shall vessels bound from State be obliged
ter clear or pay duties in another And supposed that
the declaration that State, without the consent Of Con-
gres shall lay any mpost duties imports exports,
except what be absolutely necessary for executing its
| spection laws, refers to foreign commerce"
If have been successful in establishing this point that
the proposed tax is unconstitutional If have been only
partially successful and simply convinced you that it is
Of doubtful constitutionaty, might rest satisfied
here and add no more upon the subject.
But sir may be allowed perhaps to remark that to
say the least of it, after have borne fair share of
the onerous burden of taxation by of which the
whole Atlantic seaboard has been lined with buoys light
houses and beacon and by which great harbors and
Notifications have been erected, at expendi
ture, might suggest that it seems to me somewhat
gracious upon the part Of President coming from
older State to make the recommendation contained in
this message. ...
Now that the security of untold millions of property,
we'll Of valuable lives, demands the fostering
and protection which has been hitherto extended to the
older States may be allowed, in the language of the
President to submit to you whether it be not somewhat
ungracious and ungraceful the part of President
coming from one of those States, at such time this
and after the history of taxation and of the distribution
Of the proceeds of that taxation which have before u.s.
to turn the back Of his Executive hand upon and
Eerly recommend "kocdies recurring expenditures" to
raise their own funds. E..0..
George l. believe, has been universally condemned BY
all historians for carrying with him the preudices
racted in his earlier reign in the Electorate of Hanover
to that more wdeyexended empire which he after
wards called to govern. The parallel sir, may be in
structive one. =. ~.
But what shall say of Western Senator, protesting
and assuming to the interests and guard the
welfare of Western State who the floor of the SEN
ate of the United Statesif it not disrespectfu
would say with almost moral treason to his suents-
recommends the imposition upon them of unjust,
unequal burden as this; who, with the most singular
obquity Of vision, with most extraordinary and al
most amusing simplicity actually implores Congress,
favor, to allow US to assume upon shoulders this
pleasing burden who, after proposing as he does in his
to line the banks of our rivers and Of lakes with toll
houses to fill every petty port with revenue officers to
States to levy taxation the Of sister
States with their borders and afterward proposes
institute sub-confederaces and sub to
compcate and multiply taxation tells u.s. with the most
unaccounabe simplicity, that he desires to introduce
innovation into the legislation of the country?
Sir this is heavy burden which he proposes to add
those which already pressing weary shoulders
He tells that not one-enth part Of the required
has been ever appropriated and consequently ten times
much money must be raised by localities requiring
expenditures" 1t is, sir additional burden. We are
not to be relieved from share of the general tax
we are still to 90 on paying our fair share under the ta
riff for the same purposes for which hatrevenue has been
hitherto raised and, in addition to that to bear this
novel and separate taxation which is to be imposed
Sir need not remind you this committee of the
difficulties under which that tax under the tariff has
been raised in past times from the early settlers of that
country whose burdened shou ers it is proposed
to impose this further tax need not remind you that
the meagre comforts of civilization which they enjoyed
came loaded down with weight of taxation unparalleled
and ntolerabe tax by tariff aggravated and increased
by the enormous prices entaled upon them by the diff
cues and hazards Of transportation and multiplied and
accumulated commissions The very salt of the earth,
which men and beasts in require as q necessary
of life, to them hard learned luxury. need not
remind you Of the dangers which surrounded those early
settlers Of the Mississippi valley of which every school
boy reads in the very rudnens Of his counrys history
when the implements of husbandy and insepa
raby mingled and the very harvest fields were enriched
by the blood of their defenders
Sir under all these circumstances and in view of the
fact that must still continue to bear our share in the
burden of taxation for all the various purposes
to which the revenues of the country they
applied for the support Of the navy for the pro-
lection of our foreign commerce. for the maintenance of
army to afford that protection to those now constitute
ing the pioneers OF the country which could not be afford
ed to us by Government in its feeble infancy under
these circumstances would the prayer Of the
Senator for increased taxation but would with due re-
spect for myself and for those whom represent unite
with those who from the section of country in
petition, if you WILL for favors but for equal
distribution of burdens and advantages The great Mis-
ssspp valley, settled it under unparalleled hard
ships and dangers almost unprecedented in the history of
the country has at length grown to be mighty empire
with resources not yet fully developed The busy hum
OF industry every where resound where heard
nought but the yell Of the savage and the howl Of the
scarcely more ferocous wild beasts of the forest That
valley, erewhle wilderness, forms insignificant
part of this powerful and wealthy Commonwealth of
contributing by its enormous exports to increase
ability to import and to swell the quantity of imports
and by consequence enhancing the of the
try its population as consumers, contributing small
share to the receipts of great houses and thus
extending and enlargng ability to expend money for
whatever purpose may affect the interests Of the country
To take plain, practical, view Of this
matter allow me to remind you that this system Of taxa
on falls upon the very last class Of the community upon
whom it ought to fall, the agricultural portion of the
country. This tax, duty, whatever name you may
give it, falls upon that class Of the community least able
to bear extraordinary taxation, the agrculturss the
farmers because, of all classes Of the community it is
the class that derives the least profit from the investment
of their capital and labor This system Of taxation does
not reach the capitalist who sits quietly in great
board port harbor specuating upon the produce of
the farmer His capital eudes almost every species of
tax, and tariff is almost the only which reaches