The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1854-01-31

ORDER 10 give greater Soemnity, as was necessary
while aeIing talsehood they repeat II twice. tearing
that i would not be believed the first time. What is
now The Territory of Utah not confined the
Try acquired from Mexico. That Territory, as is well
known every who unde slands the geography OF
The county, includes large tract Of rich and fertile
country acquired from France ia ls03 and To which the
sh section OF The Missouri act spilled in 1920
u these coniederaes do not know 10 what country
alude. only reply that they should have known be-
fore they uttered ialsehood and imputed crime 70
But will tell you 10 what counlry allude. BY the
treaty OF 1872 by which acquired Florida. and liked
boundary between the United States and Mexico, the
boundary made OF the Arkansas river 10 its source.
and thea the line due north OF the source OF The Ar
kansas 10 the forty second parallel, then along the
forty second parallel 10 the Pacific ocean That line,
due north from the head of The Arkansas leaves the whole
middle park. described in such glowing terms by Colonel
Fremont to the east Of the line, and hence part OF the
Louisiana purchase Yet, inasnuch as that middle park
waiered and drained by the waters flowing into The
instead OF running that air line. we ran along The ridge
OF The mountains and cut oil that part iron Nebraska
or from the Louisiana purchase and included II within
the limits OF the Territory OF Utah
Why did we do II: Because sought Tor natural
boundary, and il natural To take the mountains
boundary, than BY an air line 10 cut the valleys
one side OF the mountains and annex Them 10 the country
the other side. And why did take these natural
boundaries setting at defiance the old boundaries The
simple reason was, that SO long as we acted upon the
principle OF settling the slave question by geographical!
line, long observed those boundaries strictly and
rgdly but when that abandoned IN consequence OF
the action OF Hee-soiles and aboonsis, when 1t
rested upon grea, universal principle there
cessy for keeping in view the old and unnatural bound
ay For that reason, in making the new Territories, we
formed natural boundaries irrespective OF the source
whence title derived In writing these bills
paid no attention to the fact whether the title was ac
CURED from Louisiana, from France, or from Mexico;
tor what difference did il maker The principle which
had established in the bill would apply equally well 10
either
In fixing ho,e boundaries, paid attention TO The
fact whether they included old territory nolwheher
the country covered by the Missouri Compromise
not Why' Because the principles established IN the
bills superseded the Missouri Compromise For that rea-
disTegarded the old boundaries, disregardtd the
territory 10 winch applied and dlsfegarded The source
from whence the title derived. say, therefore,
that close examination OF this ac clearly establishes
the fact that il was the intent as well as the legal effect
of the compromise measures OF 1850 10 superscde the
Missouri COMPROMISE and all geographical and territorial
lines.
Sir, in order to avoid any miscons,ruc,on, will state
distinctly what my precse idea is upon this point
SO lar The Utah aud New Mexico bills included the
territory which had been subject TO the Missouri Com
promise provision, TO that extent they absolutely annued
the Missouri COMPROMISE. As 10 the unorganlzed terri
tory covered by these bills. i. was superseded by
the principles OF The Compromise OF 1850 We all
know that the object OF the compromise measures OF
1850 was to establish certain great principles which
would avoid the slavery agitation in all time to come
Was i our object simply 10 provide for tempoary evil
Was il obec, just heal old and leave
II 10 break again Was 1t our object TO adopt mere
miserable expedent to apply TO that territory, and that
alone and leave ourselves entirely at without CON-
pass when territory acquired or new terrific
rial organizations were TO be mace9 Was that the OBJ
ject for which the eminent and venerable senator from
Kentucky [slr Cayl came here and sacrificed even nus
last energies upon the altar OF his country Was that
The object for which Webster, Clay, Cass and all the
patriots OF tina. day. struggled long and senuousy
Was il merely the application OF temporary expedeas
n agreeing stand by past and dead egslaon that the
Baltimore platform pledged us 10 sustain The Compro.
mise OF 1850 Was il the understanding OF the wing
party, when they adopted the compromise measures Of
1850 an article of POLITICAL faith, that they only
agreeing TO that which past, and had no refer
ence TO the iulsre? ii that their meaning, If
that their object, they palmea of an a'roclcus
fraud upon the American people. Was the meaning
Of the democratic party, when we pledged ourselves 10
by the COMPROMISE OF 1850, that spoke only oil
the past and had no fsiere1ae 70 Tue iuas II 90, !
dent TO stand by the compromise measures, did we not
understand that pledged him to his future action
Was i as TO his past conduct ~ had been IN relation
past conduct only, the pledge would have been untrue
TO very large portion OF the democratic party Men
went into that Convention who had been opposed to the
compromise measures-men who aohorred those meas,
ures when they were pending-lnen who never would
have voted afhrma,ivey on them. But, inasuluch as
those had been passed and the county had ac
guessed ia them, and II was important TO preserve the
principle order to avoid agitation in the future these
men SAID, We waive our past objections, and we VIII
stand by you and with you carrying out these prnc-
Piles in the future.
Such understand TO be the meaning OF the two great
parties at Baltimore. Such | understand 10 have been
The effect OF Their pledges. If they did not mean this,
they meant merely to adopt resolutions winch were
"
lead and deceive the people for the mere purpose oil car
rying election.
hold, then, that TO the territory covered by the
Utah and New Mexico bills there express annu-
ment of the Missouri Compromise ahd AS 10 ell the
other unorKaniZed territories was superseded by The
PRINCIPLES OF that easlalion and bound 10 apply
those principles in the organization OF all new Terrific
ries-of all which now own, or which we may here
after acquire. Ii this construction be given, II makes
that compromise final adjustment No other consiruc-
lion can possibly mpan hnay to II. BY any other con-
sirucon, the question is 10 be reopened the moment you
ray new treaty acquiring an inch OF country iron
Mexico. BY any other construction you reopen The is
sue every time you make new territorial government
But sir you treat the compromiss measures OF 1850
in the light OF great principles sufficient 10 remedy lem
porary evils the time that they prescribe rules
OF action applicable everywhere in al time 10 COME then
you avoid agitation forever, II you observe good iah
the provs OF these enactmenis and The principles
established by them.
Mr President, repea, that so far as the question OF
slavery concerned, there nothing IN The bull undet
which does not carry out the principle oil
The compromise OF $780, by leaving The people
do rs they please subject only the provisions oil The
con stituon OF the Upi,ed Slaee. II that principle
wrong, the bill is wrong II that principle Is right The
bill is right. II is unnecessary 10 quibbe about phrase
hrsseoloxy, that constituents wish 10 Judge by
they wish 10 know the legal e1ec, OF our Legislation
The legal effect OF this Dll, u be passed as reported
by the Committee Territories ,s neither 10 legsaie
slavery into these Territories ont OF ihem but 10
leave people do they please, under The povis
ions and SUBJECT the limitations OF the constitution OF
the United States Why should not this principle pre-
vail Why should any man. North South, object to
will especially address the argument TO my o~a section