New-York daily tribune., 1854-09-05
ENGLAND.
P,os TkLoa1os Tsaes-

Fro0 IN L0s1os Tsa<a
RECIPROCITY TREATY WITH AMERICA.
The RECIPROCITY Treaty bstween Crest Britain and
the United States whcb Was signed by Lord bigin .,
Washington on the 5th o. June. has been spproyed
and ratified by the SeRste Of the United states IN
ecutiye session on Uie I'd of August, without opP.s
ten and the following day Congress parsea, e..
unexampled rapdity, the bills necessary 70 CIV 80;
TO this important measure, 50 thst before 'u - .h
can Legslsure adjourned for the recess On 'ne ,sn
Of Ayru>i, X had given its complete s.n'"'" " VIC
'priyrciples and articles Of this treaty . -
Ybe srst ob;.-ct Of this negotiation was " remove
the disputes with regard to the NORM amsrlcan ss
ries, which had grown out OF tne VI
and which had more than once, more especaily IN
Isso threatened 10 produce serious ditferences be-
tween the "a ubiects OF the two eountriee consider
sble Britsh force has been stationed for some sun
mer, rgst on the coast of our North American Colo
ps for the protection Of the colonial fishing interest
and notwithstanding the extreme care taken on tns
particular service were constantly exposed 10 tne
rsk of an unpleasant collision between her hs)estys
forces and the fishermen OF The Unted S'ates oF 90
better cause than the cod HOLSTERS OF the Bay OF
Esndy II was not in fact, the interest we were -
much concerned 10 defend, but the night when was
undoubtedly reserved TO the subjects OF the Brltlsn
Grown This point has been settled on terms OF
complete reciprocity. The fishermen of the UQtsd
States viii have the liberty, in common with the
Queens subjects, to fish on all the coasts and bays OF
the British Nof,b American possessions, AT any de-
tance from the shore with permission 70 land f0r tne
purpose Of drying their nets and curing Their nsn-
shell fisb salmon, and river fshenes being alone re-
served TO British fishermen. On the other hand,
British subjects will have the liberty TO hsh on al
the eastern coasts and bays OF the United STATES ex
pressed in precisely the terms and with the same
limitations. The principle of exclusive nafionH
property in these fsheres, az between inc @ inuao,.
isnts Of the United States and those OF tne
British Colonies is mutually abandoned, and they
are restored to the position IN which they $1,000 De,
fore the separa,ioa Of the American Colonies, and
even under the first treaty by which England recog-
nized the independence OF the United states.
TO- daca nt sta n
most important questions which have been egtsted
since the peace Of Gbent between the two Govern-
ments with reference 10 the commercial interests 81
their respective countries are on the one hand the
admission Of the produce Of the British North Amer
can Colonies into the Union free OF duty, and on me
other hand the opening Of the navigation OF the ST.
Lawrence and the canals connecting the great lakes
with the Atlantic, free and equal terms, to the
citizens of the United States. The treaty rapidly ne
gotiated and signed by Lord Egin after the previous
discussion Of these subjects, which had been ably
conducted by Mr. Champion, the British Minister al
Washington, thoroughly deserves the name of the
Reciprocity Treaty by which il is commonly de-
scribed in the United States, and VIII De known III
history, nasmuch as these two points are ooth COM
prised In IT, The British Colonies OBTAIN the adls
sion of their produce into the States Tree OF duy
The United States obtain the vigation OF the 81.
Lawrence and the canals, subject, however, 10 the
right of the British Government 10 suspend this prv
uege, in which case the preceding concession nay
also be suspended. We are, however, unwilling and
disnclned 10 describe these stipulatons rs conces
sions on either side; for, except inasmuob as they
serve as elements of negotiation IN transactions oil
this nature we are satisfied that the loss IN such in
stances is on neither side and the gain on both. Com
mercal intercourse, like mercy blesses nun that
gives and him that takes. IL is not balance OF loss
and gain but the cumulative and additional force we
all derive from more rapid economical and extended
intercourse. from abundant supplies more ire
auent markets and from the reader operations OF
trade. For instance the admission of the produce OF
Canada to the North American States free OF duty
A. .nfo afsnn Mt a
of the year between one of the largest and most
pansive corn-growing regions OF the world ana the
Atlantic ports. The Canadian farmers VIII gam great
facilities Of export the corn consuming countries oi
Europe an easier supply, the Americans vast trade
along their northern railways. canals and coast
The advantages will accrue 10 the British Colo
niee by the American traffic our lines OF water cou
munication Muhi pertrdHs'6um Ct auge6aur sceHttd
and not only scienftd, but wealth, humanity and
peace The progress of Canada in the last few years
has been surprising Selfgovernment and free trade
have given an impulse to those provinces which they
never found under the discipline of the Colorial Of
6ce and the action Of protective laws; and with In
creasiDg prosperity and power has come an increas-
ing spirit Of independence-a Canadian nauOna fee
ing distinct from that of the United States, and
relying the good feeling OF the mother country VINO
has learned at last to LEI her mighty offspring stride
onwards alone. This very treaty requires the sano-
ton of the Colonial well of the Imperial Legis-
laure before il come into full operation, and the
subject will therefore be fully discussed IN Parliament
both here and abroad. But this discussion will only
display more conspicuously the effects of wise ad-
herence those liberal and comprehensive principles
which have commercial relations of foreign
countries, and placed the commercial system of this
nation what venture to think an indestructble
basis In the midst of the intrisues of diplomacy aad
the preparations of war, when unexampled press
ure of public business overwhelmed the foreign de-
parment of the Government it deserves to be
bered with gratitude and honor that Lord Clarendon
has succeeded in bringing to successful termination
this important negotiation on subjects which have
been nearly forty years in dispute and, although at
the present moment the attention of the nation is
mainly directed to the operations of our armies and
fleets abroad, il may hereafter be found that the
as great and lasting service to the country by the
conclusion of this treaty by the most brilliant
terprise which crown the labcrs of a campaign.