New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-01-28
REFORM IN TURKEY


4 lecture On the above subject was delivered N the
TGbs nsce last evening TIE audience vs. ap2feSa, &C.
but by ~ m a1s So numeroa as tie WoiA o. "a i-,'
Mr Homo. promised by saving that he was privileged
70 address lis audience the onward march OF Al en-
PR ior which leir ymp ai-s we're excite IL ~ ~ l!A
~ degree -conceruug a. empire VIII H. though ~ VI;
stronghold q M0tammedanism was yet em,nan'y mo-e
wort.r Of triumph then the hvuo,rtically Christian Rms
rio u would aord him c-E'iicatn il tho f.o;' Which
lie communicate should justly their preference.
e TIE reforms which ihf Government as into
ductd, ard 10 show their uidmate and inevitable conse-
upon the people anu Goverlnen OF Turkey Ia
,s ne lrtsent sultan granted Magma CH-T' 20 si:as
10000 Ci L.s sub ,cs -scu-n, g. hem Iei AMI lI
tine .-sker has bed place in the family OF European
Ie'ia ana shares nearly al ile benefits oi ne in
terIGdonal laws This charter OF tie peoples rights
The result Of loa. peri " ire nal d.suui,n. Disorder
erG national wCakress the conviction o VIII IN was forced
ulonthe Government by the Of the Greek Revolution
II granted from the Necessity OF keeping with Inc
sgle.;I (na 'Snmca' Of Ias9ie, AID rsta'a9g that
integrity p ar Emi..e Il was rfe engaged IN be wars
VIII Greece and j ssa that sic lac sultan hthmoud
Destroyed .ho jam s aer an iusurrec.ioD, ami level
taArc ir Ii. NOE, h iLs,.'- o. Christian E4r'po
~ Magma CLarta rua~otce thot each subject Of the
Ottoman Empire shall hereafter be regularly taxed
according 70 liz vccih Tho trial of all
"ooCuscd esous sieI he ia public in accordance with
hc Divio Law There h,' ALWAYS D. due iaj Ii-y into
he- guilt and without regular trial aud coaie NATION
no Individual all fe slowea eithe. secretly ~ openly.
20 desiroy anoher b. poison, or any other means.
'of hii property and hell Be It liberty - I7'se OF ls
he viii The property OF criminal shall MT be c,nis
csied These Imperial privileges ere granite % al or
subjects without exception Of Whatever sect G. religion
they may BE. they shall be eq"ll shares in n n"
Tie regulations anl tn reform implied have been
Cicd 70 tbc diorCnt r'virres-to some in g,el'cr
GCerce than in others Turkey has eo been ragenersel
politically yet ty those reforms perhaps sho has not
radC q-ite rapid progress az The onward spirit OF he
icc would seem 20 demand hrt there is the strongest
ground for hope that with little patience, shall soon
see Turkey progressing a. rapidly as any Of the European
rstioIs when she las recovered from the depression
she laboed under at The starting point The two last Sui
tcus hgvo lcen remarkable for tie energy with which
Cv have pro7ccuted their re0rmatorv measure a.
times when IL would seem 70 pear that their sole Gten
ton would have been necessary % maintain their poi
o. II ct the head Of tbs Empire by tn baycnat IT, in
PRODUCTION Of q svsem Of quarantine f1r clo king the
srrerd ofthe qague-he most dire calem'.v of Turkey
yas among the fist &C hong series of reforms. This
m the more remarkable when we oo1s Ter that the
faialm Of the Turk taught him that it was both useless
aud q Sin to take precautions against It 10 such
raiiors compelled 10 protect Themselves against the
eilence by subisctne all vessels from Turkish ports to
quarantine OF 40 days Thus this system Of quarln'ine
literally orcned Europe 10 Turkey. The second reform
was the chance in the national costume the most Obvious
if not the useful Of modern changes in Turkey. Thc
only apparent distinction between well dressed Turk AMI
IurCTCaD. i that of the -ku cap tor our hard AMI m
graceful hat PERHAPS he would even have accepted the
lat did ia brim prevent Lis forehead from touching
The earth when he bows inlyer He also suffers hair
I'm the latest Pafion style TINT hi- cont sof blue anl
rt;onod iothe throat This ref thou h superficial
without rcnt opposition from the peo1 and
the priesthood. The result has been that the Turk no
longer in TIC Christian person marked b. Law for
III aud hCory but 'Nheet IT the sultan; nan,
Ike himself with civil priv gs. OF ate ye0rs, too the
mode Of iy.rg has gradually more and more approached
en-, ovp End IN the enCrta aeDts given by the high oil
cos # the Coverurort there i 10 De-cetibe Florence
ON tho EuropcGn In boating the Bosph )rus is not
unusual 20 SIC Turkish gentl.men and whiiatIrbsnel
eooeans md Judges lorg lururouf'y in Boston bilt
rocking q airs Simultaneous with The reform in
cIche, Mahmoud conmanced radical remodeing Of the
whole civil ntrrv and financial organic All ms Of the
tTrire lie 'rumphed over anarchy, dscori and insnb
CidiLaion and CONNIE iced Capitalization ~ the powers
of the Government The regular army Of 900 mon ore
a. eli lined according TO European tactics they'a-e well
d clothed md cared for they docie temperate ply
sioaly strong ard brave, and attached 10 the
tod OF discipline With tie materials existing IN the
Ctp'tsof var and the forces ready t. b. called
out VII te easy for Turkey at short notice 70 bling into
q field 200 eco men. In her navy she has more ships
wing ala-eCr number OF guns and powerful
var steamers han docs the United States efAneric, Aul
Lcr hest dips Of war were either b1llt by Amer an
naval arohiteot= or from models which they have fur.
Ii,hcd. The Government hes encouraged popular iuca
ton, by repeated proclamation % boh Mus,uma1, all
Crf,iars In Consannopo there are Lo ess shan 100
Primary Schools attached to the Mosques these arc AZ
tended by $4,000 pupils who learn t. read aud writ until
icy Of age to DO put 70 some hi1dcfait There ara
three times many roalers IN Turkey az IN Russia in
loIoron 10 the population. Constennop'e has also 200
f,h0ols FOR instruction IN civil and religious Law
Tie Goy.rnmon has established naval mill airy ant ned
students and many Of WI prof ss'-s are Eurof
fnd il lie medical school the lecture 70 the advanced
trsscs &C CovCrCd u French. This use Lgs s) be-
rllsuod th4o ahuut tie en- ire. Tie abolition OF m,ujpo
.er AID Of the system If farming tn revenues was
another important reform IGn iiaciuf have langu,hel
though effort have not beer wanting 10 give them an upe
fu. b H. Productions oil The soil have largely Dsr-a %,
fldtle expectations llnnt greater M IN they 70
tive pv wears ago The annual revenue Of the Govern
nCut c55CCocco Owin- to the continual expcrins nh
,harre during these years e reform and ira sion and
d., closing # some of revenue, ana extra
c5narv tx.cnL tures there has been for the la. two
three years an annual daicit Of fsw millions Of dollars,
hut thi4 sum not exceeding SlOO09cJ represents tnr cn
tir id,lfedrass Of the S.ae-for Turkey las never al
loved a National debt. The lecturer here branchel
,I 10 n,so iu rtutions in which no change his
Iecc Elected. The sy.tom Of taxation j. very
utii and oppressive onD; S35oAQlC Of tho $4,000 OJ
;ur,rt, willie the remavie is Obtained through direct
tslrti OF IT, prauct o. The country a-yc proportion
~ n imports pay az ml - Of per cent only wo the
r-cduetoDs Of the country -ran for instance ursi pay
n,l o. tle then j. per cent on ox3 rtai - an the
ro9rscr aid other subjects pay beside direct tx in
nav equal 90 10 per Of cir inc )me. This import
out, has been agreed upon by treaty with European
Tons for than 2O years past and has simply resulted
IN torlrg tiers of thousands of their silk n and
WOODEN looms iron furnaces, s.. The evils Of
ir'Lfrv gnong the officers Of the G)Fernn mt
was next deal, with by the lecturer The llws
r atirc 10 women are still Uusered and She has yet
40 ta.e n society but is still subject 70 the gnomnious
elaterv al H8rlm The lecturer net with eat
hitv upon H. reforms and their inevitable expansion
~ sociSl ond POLITICAL tars equal with the most en5h
cuCl % he nations ot tie eorth.
Hs lecture We colciusCl amid the aus. OF the au
t--ce. "