New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-01-12

(or09
os nthorities OF Nicaragua. where they had been un
es. sIe for twelve years took possession of that i'm
ssnt uoinend this policy she has pursued as seadiy
~ could without coming into direct conflict win US
durss 4 not only extended but held in absouie soy
onty And an nsuler colony to the south OF mas Oo
stshished in the face Of all these disavowas anu az
a. face Of the treaty with And allow me 10 leu
sbst In his historical and geographical Investigations .'o
*he extent Of Central America, and mo VIC fs,~-
<bether British Honduras makes part OF H. INC d
from Delaware has avoided very Great Retain ia
circumstance in all these transactions. otga @ CO.
Ia possession Of and claims, regions W. - - Sen
rraiher no statesman map ever ue,eu , 81 srnsu
;c. f Rslize lie use of which was granted oy SPAN
A England for certain purposes 1ho " ~, n :! 80 -
10 the Siboon few miles from no Ltoon sain and
can be found in any arrangements pc'"o9n Sla I, e
I,snd nor in any claim actually SCI ~ oy lne lsItef
s;S;n her possession Of any territory SCUM OF thst
river. And / Is 70 ssi Authorities quoted bv the
more, aser when they speak Of the Belize settlement
aI;ne mart Of Yucstan But England has got far be-
d AZ barrier to the Santoon River by some maps,
hib Is as clearly in the state Of Guatemala the james
River Is in Virginia and to the Gull OF Dolce by others
n distance the line OF coast suppose little short OF
AGO hundred miles-0nd she has seized and retained
;snds and formed them into colony, which are al least
three hundred miles from Belize lying of believe, and
:; sight of the coast Of the State OF Honduras and as
mucR within her limits Long Island is within those OF
Eew.York The most valuable of these islands Koaian
was In 1904 pronounced by Colonel Henderson, the En-
Qsh commandant at the Belize, sent 10 e1amne ~ W
lifelong 10 Spain " but in 1880 il was seized by the Dr
;sb Sunerntepdent of the settlement IN tna spirit Oh
inter disregard Of existing and ackno"Ielged rlghts
which marks the progress Of hs GovarOoen
~ Cen,ra America then united and powerful It was re-
ssoTsd IN Honduras But is too important naval sta
g.; In those seas TO be finally abandoned merely upon
- Of Justice and again taken possession
of by British force in lsfl ana small military
detachment belonging to Honduras was expelied-4n
act little better than piracy and now England CLAIMS II,
with Bonacca, Ulla &c, as an integral portion OF her
empire Whatever opinion, therefore may be formed OF
The poon assumed by the Senator from Delaware that
nj eqffle ia n lucgtal
Central America it is beyond controversy that the later
encyoachments Of England in the territories Of the
Central American ctaes Nhether they are secured 10
her beyond the reach Of action by the understand
inc of the DegOtiaoTs must leave the Senator from
Delaware explain trust not contend not but it is
strange circumstance this appeal from written treaty
40 the memory and intention of its trainers. But the
whole subject has now assumed very grave aspect
20 grave indeed that the course OF negotiation and the
conduct of the negoators, reduced to comparative
insienifcance No mistake the dispatches OF Lord
Clarendon While sufficiently courteous in their expires
sion there is an air of firm determination spread
over them, which leaves no doubt of the fixed
purpose of the English Government We have the
chart by which they mean 10 sail, and whether
are in the way or out OF ne w., way Their s voyage
fbe left do not see that they have given up single
reasonably founded preenon and even the recognition
of the de taeo government OF Grayown winch the oena
Tor from Delaware refers TO with appreciation is not the
result of the treaty engagements but Lord Clarendon
states of subsequent arrangement entered into be-
stween the two governments an arrangement which
consider a very nprovident one, and most unfortunate
20 he rretenons of England Our duty and
our policy were to have stood upon the treaty and TO
have insisted upon the faithful performance OF its stpu
laons but not to have made temporary adjustment of
a partial question by that very act admitting the
right of England TO interfere in the concerns of Central
America instead of Withdrawing from them as the treaty
reouires But this arrangement is a mere expedent
which however Lord Clarendon says Great Britain has
"uo intention of disturbing or departing from pre-
sumo till it is her interest to do Mr. President the
instgatng motive if may speak, of the Clayton Bull
wer treaty was to secure to the pares-tO the com
crcal world, ndeed-the undlsts{bed use OF an inter
America With that view they mutually interdicted to
themselves all right of exclusive control over the canal
as well all right to establish or maintain Notifications
commanding the line of its route But they had stopped
there the work would have been about half done Each
party was manesy DESTROYS of excluding the other from
The means of exorting controlling influence over The
feeble Government Of that region by which in peace
rous embarrassmenis might be thrown in the way Of their
transit and in any hostile attempt to seize and hold
This great highway would be facilitated and might be rem
dered successful And in conformity with this policy, the
Introduction upon the political action OF these parties went
much beyond the line Of the canal The treaty provides
for but one route from San Juan with night TO reach
the Pacific either by lake Nicaragua by Lake Managua
and its specific stpuatons apply TO the route thus de
scrbed-but the mutual restrictions extend far beyond
this narrow district, to the whole of the vast regions
Known as Central America stretching hundreds of miles
beyond this line and whore of course, no fortified posi-
tions could act upon it, The extensive possessions OF
Guatemala are recovered by the treaty but makes pro
vision for no canal there Why this cautious and jealous
Introduction Of power various countries, not TO be
penetrated by this work, unless 10 prevent the acquisition
of political influence easily converted by one party TO
its own interests and to the injury of the other 10 place
these young political communities closely connected with
one another beyond the control of either of these two
great powers was the evident object of this convention
and furnishes the key TO the construction Of its Ian
yuape And now an unworthy attempt is made by one
of them-I can call it by mlder tern-to frter away
fhe real meaning of the convention and to establish the
pretenson TO march its forces in,o that country
at pleasure-for pretexts under the name OF an
alliance" or "protectOrate will never be
wantng-and thus TO defeat its own obligations. am
not speaking in this connection OF the rights resulting
from state of war OF that condition between
England and any of the Central American republics
leaves either party ct liberty to apply its forces at plea
sure but even then the neutrality and free use OF the
canal are guaranteed TO the of the world Bat
am speaking of state of peace during which the trea
~ says to the contracting parties you SHAH not occupy
"nor fory colonze, nor assume nor exercise any
dominion over any part of Central America One would
think there pleOnasms enough here 10 keep that
region free from the grasp of the two great powers But
No. says the British Government through ITS principal
law adviser in questions of foreign intercourse the queen
Advocate, the first article expressly recognizes the TACT
that Great Britain has and may have alliances with and
affords and may afford protection to states and people IN
Central America and only spuates that neither shall be
made use Of for the particular purposes therein forbid
den and the maxim of construction erpTeSt0 uHds est
ezclusiO deru applies to this article. Mr. President,
an the fair construction of Conventional arrangement
Alike this between great powers artificial maxms and
verbal subete whether sought at Doctors Commons or
Mt Lincoln Inn are unworthy the slightest consideration
When the mind is led away by such prohtless nvestiga
tons truth is too often sacrificed TO contests a00ut
words and every well informed knows that this
search after the shadow of language instead OF the SUP
stance has been the great reproach OF that legal code
which II s the fashion TO praise far more than Il de-
erves and whichwe have inherited from England The
imaginatons of its early eXpOunders and commentators
actually riot in their pursuit OF bteAdshncuons
and the history of the human intellect presents rev eA
amples of the waste of mental power remarkable IN
Ssfeatures the system they built up equally pnerle
and sborous in its formation and useless and worse