The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1854-04-23

which Agassa himself presents-" lst Either mankind
originated from stock and all the different
RACES with their peculiarities in their present
distribution, are TO be ascribed to suoseJacns
changean assumption for which there Is no evidences
whatever and which leads to the admission tnat
the diversity among animals is not an original one nor
their distribution determined by general plan, e'tao
Eshed in the beginning of the Creation; or,
I'D. We must acknowledge that the diversity among
animals is fact determined by the viii OF me creator
and their geographical distribution part OF the general
plan which untes all organized beings in one organic con-
cepton; whence it follows that what are called human
down to their specialization as nations are distinct
primordal forms of the type of man"
the chapters wherein the joint labors
of Messrs Mott and Gliddon commence, and which in
their scope embrace both hemspheres Egypt afford
I'M The reliable data for the study of the of
men as they existed thousands of years ago claims the
first place and leads with most certainty scientific
Conclusions Her monuments running back for period
Of than FIVE thousand years, portray the
forms and characteristic features OF as they
existed at that early period They show amongst other
things that the Of lesser Asia Egypt and upper
Africa in fact all that known TO the Egyptians,
then possessed type color and form distinct
and characteristic at this hour The unchanged
characteristics observed in the domestic animals in
all their varieties Hence it follows that If the divers
ties which now exist amongst due to climate
and other physical conditions, while these have
been without sensible effect for five thousand years then
we must assign period TO human existence earth,
which il would task tho capacity of figures to represent
The rdetio cd atsa'dum may be expressed In the fol-
lowing formula
If five thousand years have been without perceptible
effect the various and types of how many
Caucasian to the size of that of negro; to not only
crisp his hair but change its very texture to convert
tude his jaws engthen his heels invest him with
the rank smell OF wild beast? And rice versa, how
many millions to change the negro into white mann
to the varieties 81 mankind, 'r go together and
are parts of one system. Orthodoxy insists
without reservation qualification, upon both There
fore, il the chronology which places the date OF the
creation OF six thousand be true and the
existing types of have been unchanged for five thou
fha hich
have arisen in the four thousand after the creation
and the which produced them have thenceorwad
ceased to act Such the absuriities in which ortho
doxy " involves its blind followers
The authors pursue their subject through the whole
of Assyran antiquities and classical and European
history but will not enable us to follow them here
In respect to America they have confined themselves to
the reproduction of the general conclusions Of Galatin
Norton and others who have investigated certain
branches Of ITS ethnoogy and their deductions refer
only to two points, viz. The antiquity and essential Pc
cuarity Of the American SO far the latter is
concerned, it may be regarded settled by the physio
logical researches OF Dr. Morton, and the phloog in
quiries of Gallan, Du Ponceau and others The first is
inferred from facts not closely connected with the
aborgnes, with the phenomena presented by nature
itself These nevertheless, in some instances bear d
recly upon the question of the origin of American civil
zaton The following facts certainly significant =
All the nutreous plants cultivated and used for food
and cats as we as horses cattle sheep cames goats &c.
amongst domestic animals entirely unknown to the
Maize the and almost sole foundation Of aboris
known in the other hemisphere until after the discovery of
Upon this point of the contributors to this volume
Dr. Usher, OF New Orleans presents several startling
at the depth of sixteen feet below the surface and lying
beneath the fourth level formed by that number of
cessve cypress forests TO each of which period Of at
least ID 400 years may be assigned with demonstrabe
curacy, found the skeleton Of man, OF which the
Uranium exhibited the peculiar type of the American
This skeleton, therefore, ii is deemed by Usher
has antiquity Of at least 81 600 years But this gen
tman does not base his deductions to the antiquity
OF humanity single fact of this kind but supports
OF thent tal nd
drawn from all parts of the globe. This chapter
Geology and Paleontology in connection with Human
Origins is one of the most conclusive and important in
the whole book and one most likely to arrest the atten
tion of the general reader.
Hybridty, a test of species, receives searching ex
position the hands Of r Mott 1t has been assumed
that when two distinct species brought togetheras
the ass and the mare-they produce an unproac off
spring. or at most, beget offspring which is prolific
for few generations and then out Hence 1t has
been argued that whites and negroes prolific inter
Sc they pertain to the species and had ORR
GIN Dr. Mott claims that the mixture of
be Perfect or permanent and that it is less i'm.
perfect the various Themselves approximate to or
dverge from each other That is to saw the dark and
physically inferior families Of the south of Europe
more readily and with less marked deteroratng results
with the negro, than the superior families of the white
races of which the Saxon may be taken the highest
tyre. He contends further, not only that ncrmix
come 20 constitute permanent variation in type
pei mnnent race, with powers of perpetuaton-
groes are either speedily merged in one or the
ther OF the original tyres, or become extinct from
detective organization, the
fan unnatural ntermxture He afirms, the result of
is observations and study that the seeds decay
nd extinction visible in the very departure
he primitive type. That mula!to the shortest
lived OF any class of humanity that they have vigor
ard endurance than either whites blacks that mulato
women subject to variety of chronic complaints
not common in women of pure stock, bad breeders
bad nurses liable to aborons, and that their children
die young that when mulatoes intermarry their proli
cacy decreases and consequently II the line of ntermir
rage kept parallel they become incapable
Of reproduction. That this tendency out most
decided in between the highest types of the white
and the negro shown in North and south Carroll
where the white stock has the fair skin. blue ewes
and light hair OF the north Of Europe and less marked
in Louisiana and florida where the type of the white
is Celtic and Iberan possessing the dark skin and
black eyes and hair Of the south of Europe. The in
ference is that each has its graduation OF families the
lowest of which readily mixes with inferior races
than with the highest but that neither capable, by
such intermxture of originating permanent nterme-
date family of men. In word, il permanent,
and in way derivatve and the white and negro
do not belong to the We cannot however, do
better than to present the conclusions Of the authors
founded uron their whole range OF researches including
the comparative anatomy of races, in their own Ill
That the surface of globeis naturally divided into
several Geological provinces each 2, when Is ds.nct
and that every species Of ana and plant originally
sap ssls exception 70 this
ra, law but fully conforms to III mankiod being dvi
primitive the It's peculiar pToyince
B. That history affords evidence the trnsformaton
one TYPE into another nor OF the ordination Of aud
l. That certain types have been permanent through all re-
ded time and despite the opposite moral and ply
steal influences.
g. That type accepted by science as the
furest test Of specific character.
s Sss Tie @ a' a tn
$3.50 B. G., and consequently long prior any al
phabetic chronicles, sacred or profane.
T. That the ancient Egyptians had already classified man
kind az known to them Into four previously any
date atsignaLie to Moses,
s. sh antiquity for distinct Is amply sustain
cd by linguistic researches by Psychological history aad
by anatomical characteristics.
That the primeya existence of in widely separate
portions of the glote Is proven by tho discovery his
and industrial remains in alluvia deposits and in
dluyia drifts and more especially OF ms fossil bones I'M
Gnct species Of animals.
TO- That prolifcacy of distinct Species inter
proved to be nc test of common origin.
ii. That those Of in ply
organization sueh as the blacks and the whitcsdo
amagamatc perfectly, but obey the laws Of hybrdity
Hence
IL ~ foil We IS cofollsfy that there exists Genus
homo en- many primordal types ''spcciesn
fai. sccond OF Types of Mankind is the individual
contribution Of Mr. Glddon, and is essentially critical in
its character II contains mastery analy OK the Xh