New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1854-10-31
NEW INVENTIONS.


wood, has been recently patented by Messrs. II. &
]. II. Plumb of Honesdale, Pa. The inventors ap.
pear to have stepped boldly out from the beaten track
and TO have produced device novel in several very
important respects, and worthy OF admiration on &C
count not less Of its obvious convenience than of ts
smooth, accurate and rapid performance. The ma
chine, when driven by hand-power, is readily moved
to any desired point the timber-a quality which
Of tself sufficiently commends il TO the favor of prac
teal workers In heavy lumber Unlike the ordinary
varieties Of mortisiDg machines, this is capable of
cutting very close TO the edge end OF stick the
great distinguishing feature of the invention consisting
of the employment of species Of miniature plane
iron, to shave rather than chip down the msteral.
Two cbisels Of proper width play vertically at proper
distances apart to mark the ends, while stout
projects downward and travels 10 and fro between
them. This arm, which receives by very simple
mechanism motion precisely adapted to its purpose,
dovetsils into small steel cutter, double lip chisel
which planes in either direction with each move nent
Of the slide The machine proves itself apapted to
every kind Of heavy work, being capable Of sinking
mortises from two TO ten inches long, to depth Of
eight inches and of any breadth from three-eghths
OF inch TO three inches, according to the chisels
and cutter employed. Cameo rectangular cavities
on the corners Of stuff are executed with equal IA
cilty the fixing Of the machine in any required posi-
ton being readily effected by the aid Of simple
clamp.
PRATT's DITCH DIGGER MIR. X. C. Pratt of Can
andaieua, in this State, patented in July, 1883,
machine for digging bitches which proved Of the
best things exhibited 10 the late State Fair. BY its
aid one and two horses have frequently dug $50
rods of ditch feet deep in day, and from 50 to
$50 according to the nature of the soil is considered
btua ,batac ali, xof
scoop and revolving wheel, the scoop scraping and
the wheel carrying up the dirt until at a sufficient
hight il is iumbled ont upon the sides at little dis
lance from the ditch Several repettons of the oper
alton are required before the ditch is sunk to sui
Gent depth.
The specimen exhibited at the late Fair was all Of
wrought iron; and weighed between 700 and 300
pounds. The diameter of the main wheel FIVE
feet and the breadth of the diggers liftes fixed
thereon and that of the scoop or curved channel in
which they rise, lie about nine inches. Although the
lifting apparatus is thus narrow, it is practicable and
indeed desirable TO make the small plows cutters
which pare the side cuts somewhat wider, so that a
ditch of any width from nine to fifteen inches may be
e1cavated by the same machine.
The weight of the dirt which is being lifted, the
curved channel, and in fact of the whole machine,
rests on the diggers which, like the floats of paddle
wbt e projects from the periphery of the main Wheel
As the machine is drawn forward by the horses the
diggers are SUCCESSFULLY forced into the earth and
compel the wheel to rotete thus carrying up and dis
charging from the top ali the earth caught by the
SCOOP which is in immediate contact behind On the
extreme rear of the whee, is adjusted two cutters or
small pows which pare the sides and tear the earth
TO suitable distance belo ready for the next passage
of the machine 30 that after the fret passage the dig
gers are always pressed down into tue ground already
iooseped to depth of from two to ten inches, which
loosenpg may be supposed to regulate the depth to
which they will be likely to sink. The wheel and its
sccompaniments being of considerable weight
gres, muscular exertion would be required of the a.
tendapt TO prevent its falling on one SIDE but for
simple and very effectual provision for its support
The stout iron shaft on which the main wheel freely
reyolves s prolonged some two three feet on each
side and provided with light carrying Wheel mount
ed loose, as in common carriage axle, to ran upon
the ground. These wheels are TO maintain the up
right position of the Machine but the weight must at
all times when in operation, be allowed TO rest on the
diepers In short, the main wheel and the whele ma
chine must be allowed to sink down into ditch or
rise TO the surface while the carrying wheels siapy
run lightly the surface at the sides. This end is
accomplished by bending the axle into the form of a
large crank at each side and releasing it from all con-
nection with The machine except tina. of passing
loosely through the center. catch is provided by
which the attendant who is supp TO be grasping
n par of handles in the rear may make the
tion a fixed one at pleasure, and when desiring to
leave the field and travel the road the weight may
by this means be thrown entirely upon the carrying
wheels.
yicE's SELr.REEFisG WISp-MILL.-Mr. T. c.
Vice of Rochester N. Y, English miller Of con-
siderable experience in operating wind-mlls, had on
exhibition a. the State Fair model Of patent self
refrg mill designed to operate on considerably
laree scale The arms aud frames are as usually en-
s,rrced, but the canvas sails filed with hanks or
rings at each end running loosely an iron rod, sso
with rods and loops at suitable distances along us
length go that the sail is prevented from slatting
while the same time il is at perfect liberty to Dc eA
fenced or contracted by suitable cords. The main
shan Of the mill is hollow and through it leads shsht
shaft which carries on its end and in front OF the
center of the windmill bevel wheel. This wheel
gears into power wheels keyed the end OF light
shafts which extend the whole lergth of each arm
having bearings at proper intervals along its length
Revolving these shafts in direction contracts the
sai by 81 orening set of cords leading directly 10
the leCch edge OF the sails, while revolving the
in the other direction releases these cords and con.
tracts another set, which through sheaves or
through staples he opposite side and serve to ex
terd tie sail. When all is right, the small shaft 10
the center Of the main driving saaf Is allow
with II, but if the wind fresaens AMI the mill moves
TOO fact the small shaft be retarded which will
have the effect by revolving the Devil wheels to reef