Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1854-10-14
FoRTIFIcATIoNs AT sEBAsToPoL.
EXTRACTED FROM LATE rsoLIsn PAPERS.


running in souheastery direction about four miles
long and mile wide at the entrance diminishing four
hundred yards at the end where the Tchernaia Retc
ka, Black River, emptes itself. The average depth
is about eight fathoms, the bottom being composed Of
mud in the centre and gravel at the Sides On the south
ern coast of this bay the commercial military, and
careenng harbors the quarantine harbor being outside
the entrance. All these take southery direction and
have deep water.
The military harbor is the largest being about mile
and half long by four hundred yards wde and is
petely landocked every side. Here it is that the
Black Sea feet is moored in the winter the largest ships
being able to lie with all their stores on board close to
the quays The small harbor witch contains the naval
arsenal and DOCKS is the side of the military
harbor near the entrance.
The port is defended to the south by six principal
teres and fortresses, each mounting from fifty
hundred and ninety guns and the north by four having
from eighteen to hundred and twenty pieces EACH and
besides these there many smaller batteries.
The fortresses built the casemate principle three
OF them having three tiers Of guns and fourth tiers
Fort ST. Nicholas is the largest and mounts about one
hundred and ninety guns 1t is built Of white limestone
fine sound stone which becomes hard and is very dura
ble the same material being used for all the other forts
between every two classmates furnaces for heating
shot red hot The calibre of the guns eight inches
capable Of throwing shells solid shot
Whether all the guns in the fortress of the
it is impossible to say.
We entered Fort st. Nicholas through the elegantly
furnished apartments of the military commandan stu
ated at its end At the period of visit
fifty pieces Of artillery defending the port toward the
and of these about three hundred and fifty could be
concentrated on ship entering the bay Other Bate
RES however, are said to have been since built Sebasto
toward the sea- and it will be seen from what we have
stated above that this has been fully taken advantage
to render it of the most formidaby fortified places
that direction which could be imagined.
EupATonIA.-The reader who has good Black Sea
map will easily find Eupatora called also Kozof or Cues
undf uuant ukw rnslou n~tho non
Lookout, which is thirteen miles north Of Sebastopo
Eapatoria is situate allow, fat sandy beach, stretch
ing along the northern side Of semi circular roadstead
The aEaretto is to the west and extends as far as the
projection which throws out the sandbank. Between it
and the town there several windmis. They also
seen to the SOUTH between tho town and the great salt
lake named SAX Toward the southeast Of the roadsead
the SUBMITS Of several of the mountains of the south
coast Of Crmea-among the remarkable being the
Tchadr-D agh-may be The lake Sax covers
considerable extent Of ground to the eastward the city
and is separated from the by neck Of land
As our army will march southwark from this point,
few words as to the coast-line may be opportune.
The great road from Eupatoria to Sebastopol is re-
markable one leaving the than three or
four miles Leaving Eupatoria the coast elevated
and rises progressively to the south At % miles south
Is deg east of Eupatora the cape Lookout forms re-
markable projection by its perpendicular shores of little
elevation and Of reddish tint 1t is thirteen miles to
the north Of Sebastopo The town has some coasting
trade with Kherson, Odessa and other places The po
pulation is about 000 The exports corn salt
butter, hare-skins, hides WOOL wine and salt; special
article Of trade is black lamb SKINS Before it was
sroyed by the Russians in the last century the popua
ton 1900. Salt is made in the lake. but is not
equal to that Of Perekop There is an old
of leather This town came into the possession of the
Russians in 1884
AT Lookout the coast is divided by two thicky- wooded
valleys, down which the rivers Katcha and Bebek
These have to be crossed great church is erected in
the last of these valleys Mountains rise in triple
toward the east and the table lands of the SUBMITS with
their white edges give them the appearance of forc
tons The Tchardir Dagh is likewise remarkable here
on account of its form and isolated position. After
crossing the Bebek it is probable that the army by
detour the east and SOUTH will arrive on the land side
of the great Russian stronghold and proceed at once to
its regular investment The fleets the seward face
of the town and works trying the effect Of their long
range guns on forts Constantine and Alexander The
town of Sebasopo is commanded from the land side by
chain Of elevations, which, unless recently fortified are
merely used for telegraph stations and ookouts 1t is
the opinion Of many military that the Russian feet
Of line ofbattlc ships and in the harbor and
careenng bay may be forced where their cap
ture ceran destroyed by the long practice Of our
Paxhans and MORRISON Shells while the other operations
of regular siege are in progress