The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1854-03-09

TO attach itref 10 Great Britain. should like know
how my ifiend from Michigan would prevent ~ II is
useless 10 Say this Will happen. The question 10
whether w or will not happen does not Affect be ques
lon OF right And, besides, his "a age OF progress,
and we know not what day may bring ionh
Ii il salts the purposes OF The senator TO answer,
should ike 10 know to what point he carries bis doc
Iine Does he believe that the people oi Territory,
even before The erection OF territorial government such
are now making for Kansas ahd Nebraska, have
the night 10 exclude slavery
/ MIR. CASS. Does the senator wish me 10 explain
Mr. SHOWN should like an answer now on lhe
single posnt
| Mr.. CASS. l will answer the senator in very few
words believe that Congress. from the relation exist
Tag between them and the people OF the Territories. and
the Necessity arising from that relation. have right 10
organize government ~ Territory; bat also believe
that i we neglect This day did IN the Of Cali
iioTnia, the laws oi God give The community night 10
establish government for themselves
MIR. BROWN. The senator's answer does not exact
ly meet my question, unless be that government
Thus established may exclude slavery IL he does am
answered, and dissent from the answer.
s1nt that any people lef without government may
make government Tor ihemselsesthat Is to say, they
may make sach municipal regulations for the protection
and security Of !e liberty, and property as they may
think best. But these regulations must be consistent
with the rights OF the sovereign The senator is correct
when be says the right TO make this sort OF
ou. OF the necessity OF the Bot the right
be carried further than may be justified by the
necessity that brought into being Whatever is neces-
say the protection OF the people IN Their persons and
property may be done And will the senator any
else undertake to show that The exclusion OF sla-
is at all necessary to the security OF either persons
properly in the Terriiory No will pretend that
is It's exclusion is necessary TO the existence OF
temporary government and being inconsistent with The
rights OF the sovereign, to w.t. the States OF The Union IT
cannot be excluded by the usurpaton OF power not
granted by the constitution, justified by the yranfs
plea OF necessity
The temporary government thus established, and rest
ing solely necessity exist only at the pleasure of
the sovereign Whea he appears and asserts his
ihoriy this temporary government must pass away
Suppose fifty Americans-and care not the number
be more less--are left island belonging Great
Britain, uninhabiied, and consequently without
listing government That they may set up government
for themselves no one will deny They may fashion il
after own, If they choose. But if, at the end OF
few years. the sgens oi The Queen appear TO the
authority Of the Crown, viii any pretend that our
Americans maintain their jurisdiction must moi,
their authority yield 10 the superior authority of
The sovereign And SO. appsehend, it will be If pos
session taken of territory belonging 10 these States Ii
it's wiihou, government those taking possession may
make government but when the States appear by
their proper agents 10 assert their authority, the proyis
/ ional government must give way. II more be
maintained that possession may be taken Of territory be-
longing TO these States, and the citizens OF the State
cluoed with their property, than be maintained
that island belonging TO Britain may be seized and
the Queens subjects with their property excluded the
senator has only the power OF people
left without government TO make for themselves
commensurate with their necessities, concur with him
fully Bat he goes further than this, and asserts
sovereignty that above the authority OF Congress-
and puts the Staes the nghitui OF the soil,
defiance, then dissent To this never agree.
The period Is well hxed IN my mind, al which the right
exclude slavery from Territory attaches II when
the Territory comes TO form Stale consiision for her
self and this she may not d. the pecedents 10 the
raTy Notwithstanding. unit, she has the requisite popu
alion The constitution has very wisely provided thai
each Stsie shall be entitled TO member Of Congress
ha; representation shall be spporoned among the States
according 10 population; and TO ascertain the popula-
lion, il has provided for taking census. Now, to ad
init State without the requisite population eniiie her
to member, Isl fraud upon The rights Of other States
for II dmiaishes their political power and 10 guess al
the number OF inhabitants IS fraud on the constitution
for the constitution has directed you TO take
Stale coming into the Union in proper way has the
right In with without slavery as she chooses
This admit and admit nothing more. Perhaps very
rigid adherence the rights OF all parties would require
State be IN the Union and fully invested with sover
eigniy before she undertook important
power The exclusion OF slavery As an original prop
osision would maintain this doctrine. Bul the point
seems 10 have been yielded and | VIII not insist It
now
To show how well am sustained in the views | have
so imperecty expressed, win read few shor,
from the speeches Of Mr Calhoun and others
on the doctrine Of squatfer sovereignty. On the FIRST of
June, is4s, Mr.. Calhoun said
There are three questions involved in this entanaed
affair The first s The power Of Congress 70 egsaie upon
tbs subiec 70 prevent the sayehoding portion Of the
Uuion from msratHg with their properly sny Terri
tory The question i tho right Of the Inhabitants Of
Territory 9 mHke Law excluding ne citizens o. these
hird = he power q Congress 70 vest "a. PesPs q Isi
: pen % All tbe citizens Of tie United Safes snd il mus
open and cannot be closed but ~ the people Of the
Teufory when they form their ronstituon
and then they DO IS ihey please"
On the z7h Of Jane, Is4s Mr. Calhoun spoke at
length on this subject read from his speech, at page
s7l OF The Appendix The Congressional Globe Hav
ing disposed Of The power Of Congress over the subject
he said
81 now 20 one step hiiher. and propose show that
neither fhe inhabitants 81 the Territories their legisla
lures have such right III The Territories belong the
United Sfaes IL the ownershp, dominion and s0pntgafg
be In The Sdu ol the Union fhen neither the
Inhabitants q The Territories nor their legislatures ean
ercisa uny power bu what ls subordinate then.'
" BBt he be 4 The dominion aud
eisnty ever Territories be IN the ihhahtianis."
they might exclude whom hey pleased and what they
rtrriea o he United States The acquired them
and perniued them be Inhabited The first half doxrn
of fqRaers would become the soveroigns, with full domin
on AID sovereignty over them"
/ forbear TO read Mr. Calhoun's argument II was
ike all that from him-full, complete, lucid, and
convincing.
On the I2h Of July 1s4s The present Secretary OF War
orlal question. | read from his speech find II re-
corded pages pos 90 and eio Of the Globes Appen-
dix for that year
The vsroa, modes which have been proposed 70 en-
cude slavehoders from e1tong Territory Of the United
States with their property mar be referred three
OF powcr the tdersl g0vrmment the territorial inhabit-
and he aw Of the land anterior is acquisition BY
After discussing length the power OF The federal gov
eminent slavery in the Territories, and concluding
that 90 authority for s exclusion was lodged ia Con-
gress, the speaker conhnued
Many Of the and principles presented esab
sh ibe sbsence Of 10 the federal
clude slavery from territory belonging the United States
bear with IKE orce against the second ciass Of opinons