Eastern times. [volume] (Bath, Me.) 1846-1857, 1853-04-28
NO. TWO.

| PIoiohS lie, ana give buoyancy TO the spirits.
The worst diseases the emigrant has to contend
with are influenza. which is sometimes epidem-
ic though it rarely proves fatal, the dysentery,
induced by drinking too freely of cold water,
great indulgence in fruit. incorporate habits.
exposure, SC, and opthalmia. This latter dis
ease seems by nature to obviate the necessity
of the Maine Liquor Lao; it is produced by
reflection Of the light from the surface of the
| ground. hot winds and glare Of the atmosphere,
and affects all those who addict themselves to
the use Of liquors, not unfrequentlyr causing
blindness. With proper degree of caution
on the part of the emigrant after a long sub
sistance on salt provisions, to be temperate in
all things, no fear of sickness need be appre-
hended. F,.. ,.t
lime and seasons there, of course are the re-
verse of ours, their days being our nights and
their summer our winter, their long days our
short ones. They look north at the sun, we
south; their north wind is hot, ours cold
their south wind cold and ours warm the bar
ometer rises there before bad weather whilst it
falls with us, &c. In nature there are also
many contrarieties as we'll as in climate. Bees
have no sting, flowers generally no smell,
birds rarely sing, and a large portion Of the
trees have no shade, the leaf turning the edge
to the sun instead of as with us the broad part.
The soil generally is scanty, though tracts of
the highest fertility abound. Except in sea-
sons Of drought when the crops are totally de-
stroyed, the yield is extraordinary without ma
nure or change of crops. Grain of all kinds,
corn, potatoes, onions, &c., are abundantly
produced. Oats are not raised there, and with
the exception of the apple, gooseberry and
currant all other fruits Of the ATTITUDES, includ-
ing many tropical, are produced in great album
dance. 1t is also destined to be great wine
country, the quality of the grape being supc-
rior to that grown in Europe. Gardens are
planted at al seasons Of the year, green peas
being always in season, and all kinds of vegeta-
bles arc abundant and cheap. Potatoes are
planted, and turnips, onions, and peas are sown
at all seasons of the year, and yield abundant
crops. In fact the prudent agriculturist will
be SO well remu nerated as to find himselfinde
pendent, and the laboring man who lands in
Australia need not apprehend any lack of sue
cess if he has will, for anything he cannot do,
he can soon learn and be well paid while
learning.
Mechanics of all kinds find ready employ
ment and good pay, and though ,readj made
ladies are not wanted, there is no limit TO the
demand for healthy, we'll educated New Eng
land girls; those like their grandmothers, who
left the parent hearth for a husband and home
and were ever ready to part with their fannels
for cartridges to protect it. Such girls are
wanted for wives, and the qualifications most
sought after are those which adorn the wife
and mother rather than more superficial accom-
plishments; yet fair proportion Of widows of
an uncertain age that are captivating in their
weeds, experienced in the ways of life, skilled
in management, and generous as we'll as deli
cate in their impulses, would meet with warm
reception; for there is scarcely limit to the
want in Australia for females to make happy
homes.
Education is fostcred there independently of
church or State influence; besides the schools
established py the Church of England, which
receive the aid Of Government, there are also
Independent and Baptist schools connected
with which are libraries, reading rooms, liter
airy and scientific associations
The Episcopaian and Roman Catholic reli-
gions are most numerous in the colony, though
there are congregations Of almost all other
sccts. -. .I.... ...-.. g.-.
In 1850, there were 20 steam -four mills, so
water mills, 26 wind mills, distilleries, "a
breweries. sugar rcfneries. 20 soap and can
die factories. Is tobacco do, wooden do, 40
tanneries, sailing and preserving meat estab-
lishments, hat and rope factories. one gas
works, potteries, one glass house, one smelt-
ing works, 8 brass and iron foundries 20 bone
mills and 95 melting houses In these latter es-
Establishments, thousands Of oxen and sheep are
boiled down for the sake oftheir talow, bones,
skins and wool. The tongue and hide are Civ
en- for the boiling, and the refuse feeds an in
Vulnerable number of pigs ; the rounds of the
buliocks arc sometimes sailed, and of late the
lean meat is prepared and Theoretically sealed
for fresh sea provisions, and the legs of sheep
converted into mutton hams In the same
year, 1850, there were exported from Australia
24,4l6,000 lbs. of tallow, and there were then
between thirteen and fourteen millions of
sheep, the wool of which is of the finest de-
scrption, notwithstanding they are never
housed as in Saxony. Wool growing has been
the great source of wealth of the colony, in
which not only the rich but the humblest are
engaged. There were 4 banks, 8 savings ins,i-
tutions, and various insurance and other COM
panies. s..t r.r a4rra
The Government of the city. of Sydney, is
vested in aMayor (with salary of $4,000 AL
dermen and Common Councimen They have
daily and other we'll conducted and patronized
papers. beautiful public walks, and excellent
drives. Professional men have swarmed there,
lawyers like turkey buzzards always on the
look out, exceed other professions, but unlike
the croakers Of the straishts, honest men there
are willing 10 arbitratc and settle fairly rather
than tigate. Lawyers have to do something
else-those who generally can become police
men and then they say-with truth Nuper-
idoneus. Medical men also have few calls and
they are obliged to turn their attention to other
employments In fac, it is the skilful mechan-
ic that is most wanted, and It's his own fault if
he is not successful, as his services are ever in
demand at high remuneratirg prices. In my
next 1 viii give you some account of the city
of Melbourne, which has now assumed more
Importance than Sydney, and appears to be the