New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-10-24

raj dearh in Europe aad brief that the siTO
Gates Of the Reciprocity Bill seek sn outlet for CInl
disn grain in market from which they are now de-
barred by duty Of twenty per cent, AMI would fln
persuade u that il involve loss TO Us 70 be
velsG to 90 70 England with the quantity OF grain
81 they throw into tie Atlantic sea ports and which
As4would be compelled TO export # we did not re-
eeve it.
What difference whether eat or ship C4nldin
or ship or eat our OWL " Assuming that the Canadian
arain had already been admitted iEi0 our aarsef we
might concede that il makes no difference which we
eat and which we ship But that concession would de-
;eruine nothing in regard to the merits of the Reel
procity Bill The Canadian wheat. in point OF fact is
excluded from market and the object of the BIZ is
20 remove the excluding duties To put the question
in the Only shape that is really pertinent to the point
under discussion. it should run thus: What differ
ence can it make whether we eat our own grain
porting to England so much of the uneonsumed sur
plus as we are compelled to, and hold the Canadians
fast under the necessity TO which the British colonial
" system subjects them, and for which we are in M
"wise responsible, Of exporting large surplus; or
whether we admit their grain into our markets-say
10 the extent of four million bushels the estimated
surplus of Canada for the present year-and thereby
take upon ourselves the necessity Of exporting to
England four million bushels more than we otherwise
should Is there nything for them to gain or ior
/ to lose
One branch of the question that relating the gain
of the Canadsns be very satisfactorily answered
4. in tie Yankee method by asking another question.
Why are they sboring hard to obtain the privilege
Why so sOlcitous for change ii it involves gain to
them InGsmuch, however as even gain to them does
not necessarily imply loss to must inquire par
ticularly in what the gain consists Fortunately we
have their answer in formal memorandum drawn
up on behalf of tie Province by the Hon William
Hamilton Merritt, special agent at Washington and
submitted by the British Minister to Secretary of
State In that document, which is appended TO the re-
port Of Mr.. Seymour in favor OF Reciprocity Bill
made last winter, Mr. Merritt says: The one coun
Try has all the advantages of 1o mGrets-the one in
Europe and the other in Amerca-whle the other is
confined 10 the one This q natural and iiert1jls
consequence produces inequality Of prices In other
words because the western farmer sell his wheat
in Massachusetts, as we'll as in England, he obtaining
higher price for it, and because the Canadian cannot
sell in Massachusetts, lie is obliged to content himself
with lower price. The one has two sets of custom
ers and deals with those who bid highest, the other
This is very plain to the comprehension Of Mr.. Mer-
rits constituents. They know perfectly we'll that the
American market is generally better than the British
If he had deemed explanation necessary he might have
said When the Americans bid say ITO cents bushel
and England bids What, after al deductions made for
freight and charges, to but dollar, the Cana
dian must orego the better price for in order to OBJ
tain it he must first pay, say 10 cents being % per
cent on Il Toronto valuation Of - cents per bdshe,
d" to the federal treasury. This leaves him net
"Irce of but 95 cents He has no choice but must go
to the worse market while the American being under
no such compulsiOn, OF course remains in the better
Remove the duty and he would bill against the west
ern grangrowers for the privilege of supplying their
customers lie would not get no. for his COMPETE
ton must reduce prices but il he obtained lOj, it
would mako gain Of 10 cents tn him. and a loss OF
d" 5 cents to every American grain-grower"
It surely cannot require any argument to prove that
the American sellers OF wheat would lose by bringing
an increased number of sellers into their market if it
Re true that their domestic market ever better than
tie foreign one and much more if be generally better
That in the Judgment of the Canadians il is better is
sufficiently proved by their anxiety TO obtain access to
IT, They bave free to the foreign market, AMI
we have made that market n more remuneratiye one
than it otherwise would have been giving them, in the
words of Mr. SeymOur's report increased privileges
81 fer competing with us in the sale OF all our surplus
products in the markets OF the world by opening the
American canals railroads and ports for their exports
under the drawback law Of 1915 The Provincial
Government has more than once made show OF wish
inc to coerce into reciprocity by closing the Weand
Canal against western produce II has always been de-
fated by the circumstances Of the Canadians, express
ing their apprehension that such would lead
to the repeal OF our drawback law In remembrance
Of the Hamilton Board of Trade, dated Oct H. lSJ2
the sgners insist that it is the true policy by every
means to perpetuate the American Bonding system
karing Jeen indJted 10 that measure for the prices Of
hcat not beirg hoiy RHremHneratire during the sD
past ears" We have then their own admission that
TIE foreign market would have been wholly unremuner
alive to them, if we had not enabled them to reach
il BY diminished expense and Of to beat down
tic price which our American farmers receive in that
foreign market by IN equal to the freight we
Lave saved them Notwithstanding all the assistance we
have given them in competing with Us abroad they still
prefer to compete with Us at home
But tbs said, the prices at Markls1e fix the prices
OF wheat both in the Canadian and American mar
"kets.' This means that the price of wheat at New
York is fixed by deducng from the English price the
cost for freight and charges on its shipment that the
price al Toronto is fixed by rebating from the Mark
lane price the cost Of transportation from Toronto.
Inasmueh the wheat from Toronto goes through
New-YOIk on its way to England, the Toronto price