Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1853-03-04


advertisement, rejecting upon private caractef
can, under ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, be admitted :;
would find his soil so improved as to bring luxnri-
ant crops of every description OF produces. .,4
| His land once thus improved, he must alternate
his crops, and not fail to make clover clover and
the grasses, part of his system of rotation.
| SPEEDY MODE OF nE< oMPOSfNG VEGETR-
BILE SUBSTANCES.
/ We will now add that the following plan of re.
ducing rough materials into good manure .is from
Dana. He says that the quantity of materials are
intended for manuring one acre.
! "3 tons of green straw. ferns, bean-stalks, pea;
vines, potato tops weeds, leaves, Eand we will add
corn -Salks-Ed.l l. .taes
80 lbs. Of ground Plaster, p bushels Of Ashes;
| 8 lbs of saltpetr6. q bushels Of Night Soil.
| Make the pile of vegetable matter. near puddle
of stagnant water if possible ;-if this is not con-
yenicnt, sink pit the. edge of the pile. fill it
with common water, then throw into 1t the, night
SOIL mix it well ty stirring add the ashes, then the
chorcoal, lastly the salts. -
With bucket furnished With a long pole handle.
like tanners scoop, winter the pile several times
daily with the above mixture, taking that the
drainage into the pit to be again returned up
on the pile In two or three weeks in warm weathet
the heap is sufficiently converted for use. f"'f
! The yeast, it may be termed in this process;
is the night and the putresccnt matter IN the
s:agnant water.
.. BENEFITS OF DRAINAGE, b.ss.-
In concluding, must be permitted TO state;
that if any of correspondents lands be wet, be-
fore attempting their Improvement. he should dram
them, to relieve the soil of its superabundance of
water-that he must PLOUGH DEEP; it practica-
die. the succeeding year, add slts0H ptoughing, to
beep ploughng. Johnston thus sums up the adram-
tages Of draining: #| .1~I". = ~ .aaf
''The practical benefits of draining may be sta
ted generally follows: - . ....,4..,, .s..s 4.s
A. It equivalent not only to a change of soil,
but also to change of climate, both in reference
to the growth of plants and to the health Of the
population. rI..- -5rf ets Il: atffe4 .4t 20,
B. 1t is equivalent also to a deepening of the
soil, both by removing the water and by allowing
those noxous ingredients to be washed out of the
subsoil which had previously prevented the roots
from descending. s.. rr.5 rtaI e.. tsils a;sSt
/ c. 1t is necessary preparation to the many 9th.
er means of improvement which may be applied to
the land. i-.. .. sia' H0s .e@2f7f t@F
You will now be able to perceive in what way it
is possible that even lightand sandy Soils such
rs lie on sloping surface may be benefited by
draining. Where no open outlet exists under a
loamy or sandy surface sol any noxious matters
that either sink from above, up from be-
meath. will long remain in the subsoil, and render it
more or less unwholesome to valuable cultivated
plants. But let such an outlet be made by the
tablshment of drains, and that which rises from
beneath will be arrested while that which deseends
from above will escape. The rain waters passing
through will wash the whole soil also as deep the
bottom OF the drains. and the atmospheric air will
The same remarks apply to lands which possess so
great natural inclination to allow the surface
water readily to flow away. Such slipping surface
does not necessarily dry the subsoil, free it from
noxious substances permit the constant access of
the air. Small feeders of water occasionally make
their way to the surface and linger long IN the
subsoil before they make their escape. This Is iu
itself an evil but when such springs are imp eg-
mated with iron the evil is greatly augmented, and
from such a alone more or less perfect bar
renneSS not unfreOucntly ensueS To brnp Such
land by degrees to a sound and healthy state, mere
outlet beneath is often alone sufficient s+
1t is to this lingering of unwholesome waters be-
meath, that the origin of many of our moor-lands
especially on higher grounds, is in great measure
to be attributed calcareous or feruginous spring
sends up its waters into the subso The slo access
Of ar from above, or it may be the escape of air
from water ITSELF causes more or less ochrey rde-
post; which adheres to and gradually cements the
stones earthly particles, among which the water is
lodged, Thus layer of solid stone is formed,-the
m0or-iand pan of many districts-which neither al
lows the roots of the plants to descend, the
face water to escape.
. Hopeless barrenness, therefore. slowly ensues---
Coarse grasses, mosses and heath grow and accu-
mulate upon soils not originally inclined to nourish
them, and by which better herbage had been pre-.
viously long sustained. Of such lands many tracts
have been reclaimed by breaking up the moor land
pavement but such an improvement, unless prece-
ded by a skful drainage, can only be temporary.--
The same natural process will again begin, and the
same result will follow, unless outlet be provided
for the waters from which the petrifying deposit
proceeds 1
1t ought to be mentioned, however, that where u
ready passage and escape for the water is provided
by an efficient drainage, and especially in light and
porous soils, the saline and other soluble substances
they contain will be liable in periods of heavy rain,
to be more or less completely washed out and ear
ried off by The water that trickes through them
While, therefore the establishment of drains on nU
soils may adapt and prepare them for further i'm
provements and may make them more grateful for
every labor and attention that may be bestowed up
on them-yet after drainage they must be more lib
orally dealt with than before if the increased fer
tility they at first exhibit is be permanently niaiI-
tanned or increased.
them, confers benefit upon his neghbors. by I'M
proving the salubrity of the neighborhood- he in
creases the productive capacity of his land huns
dred fold-nay, two hundred fold-thereby adding tu
ITS market value, and consequences, enhances
his fortune. $3.50. .stA..l.E t-ieA
*Now; do not ascrhe all tho dccomposing powers Of
the above ingredients to the night sghat it s the
rial admit but believe that the lime the pas-
ter after that is decomposed and the lime liberated the
Soda of the SALT the nitric acid and potash Of the sapetre
the lime potash soda and the magnesa in the ashc
Ed p'''e'9 a''7 1's7s0i1pO'''i0n- m
If the water contain of iron the air from above
will impat to its iron additional quantity oxygen and
cause portion OF 1T to fall in the state Of H
iron or lime be present in the state of bcarcobonate
cape OF carbonic acid from the water win deposit of
earthly stony particles together Iron howey.
err sometimes held in solution by organic crenc
which becomes nsoube and falls along with the iron when
Inc latter has absorbed more oxygen from the atmosphere
How FORTUNES ARE ACQUIRED AT HAvANA.-It is
we'll known fact that nearly all the merchants and
shop keepers of Havana are native Spaniards and,
as have before stated, they not osiy contented
but fanatically devoted to the Spanish Government