The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1853-02-18

lumber tie West Indies or 10 one ~ aop saabsen
ports Inc Two operations furnished sufficient profit
to5 me voyage and The ship could afford 10 return in
undef these ereum tances the British ship could take
ifelght OF cotton from New Orleans on the lowest
.sihs S,e would deiray the expenses of the voyage
The American ships. deprived OF these benefits OF the
cieuoas voyage, were dependent wholly the freight
o. aoe Tor The income oil Their voyages aud were
mus subjected 10 ruinous competition.
ne eHecs OF The new arrang ement were undoubtedly
al hfs injurious TO our shipping interests but temporary
aud partial evils must always follow from a change in
the commercial system. Time and extended view OF
all the interests Affected by such change, alone
determine lis advantages. One result, certainly, OF the
was rapid increase of the trade between the
uhlled o'aes and the colonies. Our agricultural and
Manufacturing interests benefited by increased
consumption OF Their wares and produce. The cooniss
were led 10 perceive that they would be benefited by more
lhhae relations with their enerprising and hourshng
neghsors The value OF the exports TO the colonies in
ls1o was near Three times that OF the exports 10 1927
DEF Inc ola system. Our total domestic exports 10 the
colonies IN 1910 were valued at IS sos ,oe6
In ls43 Grea Britain recprocaied the liberal policy of
the unsed o'aes Before this time the colonies had i'm
posed eliminating duties British aud colonial produce
and manufactures admitted at lower rate of duty
than foreign In this year Lord Stanley now Earl Der
by issued his celebrated despatch, 10 consequence of
winch all discriminating duties abolished by the col
ONES American and other foreign manufactures and
produce IN consequences of that, admitted into
an lhe BRUSH North American colonies on the same
Thus one cause of complaint against The system which
prevailed under the convention OF 1880 was removed
Ia consequence OF gradual concessions, American
sells are now admitted 10 registry IN British colonial
port5 can san IRON colonial port any other colo.
ny, or to Great Britain, with colonial other produce
ana can enter all colonial ports. and load and discharge
lheif cargoes wherever there is custom house officer
subject however to the restriction that they shall sail
from one po 10 another in the colony only in bal
last mus second cause OF complaint has been
moved
The advantage OF the three fold voyage 10 now enjoyed
oy oar shppg ana during periods IN the sagnalion OF
me Shipment OF cotton some OF oar larger and more cost
~ shps have made renuneIatng feignts by the trans
porialion OF lumber from The colonies Great Britain
thus have all the objections 10 the arrangement of 1880
been removed without obnoxious or retaatory egsla
uon ON the part OF the United States.
Previous 10 1916 high duty imposed by Great
Britain upon timber and wheat imported from all
tres, except the colonies. The withdrawal OF all pro-
lection BY the home government upon colonial produce
10 l646, by the substantial repeal OF the laws and
the reduction of the duty apon foreign timber more
than one-haf appears 10 have dspeed from The minds
OF the coonsts all their old ideas OF commercial depend
ence upon Great Britain In consequence of the with
drawa OF the protection which had been long granted,
colonial timber and wheat brought in British
keis into losing competition with those articles from
the Baltic and the Danube
The extension OF intercourse and the increase OF trade,
caused by the legislation OF lS43, had shown the colo
nss the advantages OF our markets, and the facilities
possessed Of supplying all the necessaes of hfe which
were not furnished by Their own productions They
were now ready to propose to US an arrangement OF com
mecia intercourse founded upon those principles OF per-
feet equality and reciprocity which the UAted States had
always proessed be the policy OF her commercial in
tercourse with fore On nations.
In ls4S delegation was sent from Canada to arrange
the terms OF reciprocity between that government and
ours No arrangement, however, was made, in conse-
quence OF the failure OF Congress to legslae upon the
subject
No further action has been had in relation to this trade
ny our government although the provincial legislature
OF Canada, since lS4s. passed law providing TOR ecp-
roca trade IN natural products, 10 be carried into effect
upon the adoption OF similar arrangements by our gov
ernment
A. f.l.
may be said TO close the past history OF the commercial
intercourse OF The United States with the British North
American colonies
THE SEVERAL INTERESTS INVOLVED.
| These the committee divide as follows:
lsl The trade OF our great commercial cities
ID The inland navigation and transit trade OF the States
bordering on the British provinces.
| Sd. The agricultural interests
5h. The manufacturing interests.
5h. The interests OF the lake trade and the North
west, connected with the free navigation OF the river
ST Lawrence
/ 9th. The fisheries.
7h. The revenue
| COMMERCIAL CITIES.
The city of Boston will derive great advantages from
the increased trade with the lower colonies This trade
| is already of paramount importance to that city.
The total foreign tonnage entered al the port OF Boston
in 1852 955 vessels whose tonnage in the sgge-
gate amounted 10 260,75S tons or this l.6i9 vessels
with tonnage in the aggregate OF 100 1874 tons,
tered from the British North American colonies Thus il
will be that the clearances OF provincial vessels rep
resent very large proportion OF the revenue, labor truck
age wha age, and storage, incident TO the commerce OF
that city.
The completion OF the Portsmouth and Concord rail
road, and the Atlantic and ST. Lawrence railroad will
enable Portsmouth and Pcrtand-lhe commercial capitals
OF New Hampshire and Maine--to share largely in the
profits oil this trade.
The city OF New York will secure a large share OF the
trade OF The rich country OF Canada Through this port
large supplies of flour have been carried the
lower colonies The value OF wheat and -four from
Canada received at New York in bond in 1867 exceed.
ed million and a half Of dollars. The value Of the
articles exported by the colonies little
long before direct lines of railroad communications will
connect the cities OF Philadelphia and Baltimore with
the great lakes, and great portion OF the Canada trade
will thus seek these cities. In great Commercial
cities there be but one sentiment as TO the benefits OF
reciprocity.
TRANSIT TRADE.
Intimately connected with the prosperity OF our great
commercial cities is that of the lines OF tansportatons
through which the tide OF wealth Gibbs and flows be
tween the cities and the interior No less than Eve broad
channels have been opened for the transit Of the products
OF Canada towards the seacoast-the Erie canal, the
Champain canal. the Ogdensburg and Boston, the Buf-
lao and Boston railroads, and the Erie and New York
railroad Tothese sixth will soon be added the Portland
and Montreal railroad the shortes, route from Canada Ia
the oceanan enterprise for which reciprocal trade with
the British provinces almost Indispensable and aided By
which, this road will advance the city Of Portland into
The bret rank OF our commercial cities To these may be
added now IN process OF construction the Sunbuy and
\ Ere railroad, in Pennsylvania which, when completed
VIII unite with the Reading railroad thus forming
broken line OF railroad communication between Phadel
phia and the city OF Erie, on Lake Erie. And when the
Baltimore and SusQuebannah railroad shall be extended
70 ths line, The city OF Baltimore will also be connected