New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-05-07

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however DO longer seen as n former times wss the
csse ssys HaxthAusen sutton nded By troops OF hhf
employ ed slaves the old metropolis having, IN this re-
spect in al Others undergone cOmplete revolution
Tie mobiles have become extensively engaged IN indus
trial enterprises. and the serfs have been transformed
into ssared vorknen occupied in various descriptions
Of manufacture. The city has become great center
Of manufacturing industry with floating pnpulaiiOn Of
from eighty 10 ninety thousand persons that leave sn-
ruay the approach Of harvest aid in the lsbOr'
Of he fed at the villages IN which they have left their
families The appearance of these men is described
being very satisfactory, and giving better token Of
high health and good condition than thar Of their fellow
vorkmen in the manufacturing districts of Germany
France or England and their superiority is attributed
to this system of diversified labor which enables them
to combine the employments Of the field and the work
sIop.
wages are stated to be high So much so indeed that
the Baron dsapproves of protection because it tends to
maintain them at their present elevation. Those Of
readers however who have been accustomed regard
the Russian serf as mere slave liable to be bought aud
sold viii scarcely be disposed to disapprove of system
that enables Linn to sell his labor and obtain liberal
wages in exchange however much it may meet the dis
appreciation of our neChbors of The Journal Of Com
and other admirers Of the cheap labor system Of
England Another of the injurious effects observed by
author is that this manuacoy system the result Of
efficient protection tends greatly towards dssoving the
roGrchal. ia existing between the master and his ser
Instead Of being surrounded in the purely agri ,Iltua
times by hosts Of in dolent slaves, the mobiles
py servants to whom they pay granting to their
ser entire freedom in the choice Of employers and
employment and entire control their MINIS
small annual payment to themselves out of those wa
res and every where among the factories and machine
shops these saaried workmen are taking the places Of
those who before wrought as slaves Under these cir
cumstanccs the patrarcha tie tends necessarily disap
pears but this will scarcely to readers suh
cent rason for joining with author in reprobatng
the protective system to which these results are due
The products of the Russian factories are not gene
rally consumed BY the aristocratic portion of the
muuty being better fitted to the tastes of the less
elevated classes who, Haxthausen thinks, are likely
to be injured by these approaches toward European
luxury losing in morals than they gain in comfort
He would seem to be genuine disciple Of the British
Free1 ade school for he disapproves of the high wages
of the men who lately sers and ofthe increased
consumption Of the working classes, and thinks that
decline in morals must follow that change which Is
in progress regard to those ancient relations between
master and man. which alone as he says, could
views We are not surprised that his work should receive
the appreciation Of the Journal des EooHomistes a
thorough disciple of the British cheap labor system
From Moscow Baron Haxthausen passed to the Gov
eminent of Jaroslaw one Of the extensive
featuring districts of Russia Independent Of numerous
establishments organized after the European manner,
they have there great number founded the emnenty
uatiora system of voluntary association The origin of
these widely disseminated throughout the empire dates
back TO the Middle Ages in several Of the governments
or provinces in which the ungraeful character Of the
soil had caused them 20 be thus early established They
furnish almost all that is necessary for the consumption
of the great Ofthe people The practical working OF
the system Of association there exhibited edyng
as the principle which governs il is simple aud Haxt
hansen expresses much regret that the Imperial Govern
uent has not exhibited more socitude for the develop
ment Of system thus organized instead Of bestogng
much encouragement on establishments devoted 10 the
production of articles of taste and luxury. The men,
bers of these associations called Aets are never as he
tells us. either defrauded deceived by the chiefs
whom they select to regulate the division OF abOrers
and to supe rntend the manufacture and sale Of their
products IL is this organization of riUGge maRyIc-
tUres as be says that explains the cause OF the exist
ence of so msny fairs in Russia, the great Importance
they have attained and Of course the large amount Of
II internal trade the most important sort ofcommerce
Under these circumstances need not be sur
prised TO learn that Baron Haxthausen was greatly
struck with the pleasing villages found in such numbers
in this rigorous climate, and with the desire for knosl
edge manifested by the peasants as well as the ability
to crafty it, frequently exhibited even in the way in
which their houses are furnished.
We have rarely better lesson on the adyan-
tages of protection than is thus afforded by our Prussan
traveller and it is of the more value because furnished
originally by writer who dsaPProyes of the system TO
which the results are due and because his state
meuts come TO us distilled through the pages of al ultra
British Free Trade journal published at Paris.