The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1853-06-09

SUCH one would say, ought 10 be The law ana equity OF
the case bat alas for the native chiefs and The naive
races before he sailed from Spain, Columbus was
furnished wiih piece OF parchment foot and nail
square, by Ferdinand and Isabella, creating bin their
Ficeroy andigh Admiral IN all the islands. and
eoninenls which he should discoverhs heirs forever
10 enjoy The same ofIces-the yceroy OF the absolute
monaIchs OF Aragon and CASTLE
Thus was America conquered before il discovered
by Tue law OF nations as then understood (and fear
there IS less change its doctrines at the present day
hah We are really 10 think sovereign right to the Ter
rofy and government of all newly ydiscovefed regions
Inhabited by heather tribes believed 10 vest IN the
Christian prince under whose auspices the discovery was
made, subject 10 The ratification OF The Pope, as the u
mate dsposer OF the Kingdoms OF the earth Such was
The law oil naons, as then understood, In virtue OF which,
from the moment Columbus, the night OF the 12lh OF
October, 1892 caught from the quater.deck OF the Santa
Mara, The lwnklng beams ot taper IRON the shores OF
San Salvador all the territorial and political rights oil It's
simple inhabitants exiingushed forever When on
the following morning the keel of his vessel grated upon
the much onged-of strand, II completed, with more than
electric seed that terrible circuit which connected The
ISLANDS and the continent to the foosool Cf the Spanish
throne AS he landed upon the virgin shore. lis naiivs
Inhabitants If they could have toreseen the future would
hare felt III may presume thus to apply the words that
,nsus had gone oul OF tlorcver. With some of them
The process was sharp and instantaneous; with others
more gradual but not less with alter
nearly four centuries il is still going on but with all II
was an Hevocable DOOM The wild aud warhke-he
ndoen and semi -civilized-ihe bloody Aziec,he inof4
tensve Pefuvanhe fierce AIaucaDian-all Jared alike
foreign rule and iron yoke settled or is settling down
upon their nccks forever. lapplause
Such The U natIUnS OF mat day-nOt enacted,
however, by Spain 1t was in reality the old principle
OF the right OF the strongest disguised by prelexi
colossal iron fasehood gided with the thin foil OF
seeming truth 1t was the principle which prompt
cd the eternal OF The Greeks and Romans. Ars-
oe asserts, without qualification, that the Greeks had
perpetual right OF and conquest against the bar ba
rans-ihat is all The rest OF the world and the pupil OF
Aristotle proclaimed this doctrine at the head of the Ma
cedonian phaanx the banks OF the Indus. The IT.
Tupiion OF The barhaous races into Europe during the
centuries that preceded and followed Christianity rested
ul therk haiti thp DpI
varied although the Gau's and Goths did not prob
ably trouble themselves much about petexis They
adopted rather the simple philosophy OF the robber chief
tain OF the. Sco.lsh Highlands
Psnt ia this fortress OF the North.
Jhnk'st thou we VIII not sally forth
To spoil the spoer may,
Aud from tie IobbeT rend his prey
When the Mahomeen races rose 10 power they claim
ed dominion all who dsbelieved The Koran. Con-
version determination was the alternative which they
offered 10 the world, and which was announced in letters
of fire and blood from Spain the Ganges The States
OF Christian Europe did but reio the principle and the
practice when in five successive cfusades, kept up for
than three hundred years, they poured desolaon
the of Asia in order the sepulche OF
the Prince OF Peace from The possession OF unbeieves
/ lApplause.l
practice under them, they existed when the great DIS
cove,ies OF the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries took
place When the Portuguese began 10 push their advan
ages far 10 the south on the coast OF Africa 10 order to
give 10 those principles The highest sanction, they pro-
cured OF Pope Nicholas the Fifth 10 l45f the grant OF a
right OF sovereignty all the heather tribes, nations,
aud countries discovered, TO be discovered by them,
from Africa 10 India, and The exclusive title thu.
eUed recognised by all the other nations OF Chris
tendon.
On The return Of Columbus from his first voyage, the
King OF Span not TO fall behind his neighbors in the
streogh OF his title, lost no time in obtaining from Pope
Alexander the Sixth similar grant OF all the heather
lands discovered by Columbus or which might hereafter
be discovered The West To preclude, far possi
ble all conflict with Portugal the famous line OF dema
cation was projected from The north 10 the south. hun
dfed leagues west OF me Azores cutting the earn into
two halves like APPLE and as far as the new dscov
cries concerncd giving 10 the Spanlards all wesi of
the line, and confirming all east OF II TO the Portuguese,
IN virtue OF the grant already mentioned OF Pope Nicho-
regret that want OF time will not allow me 10 dwell
upon the history Of this line of denarcalon, for
The benefit OF all States having boundary controversies,
and especially sister republics OF Nicaragua and Cos
Ia Rca. IL is sufficient 10 say that II remained subject
of dispute and collision for three hundred and sixty y-one
years and was finally settled al the Congress OF Vienna,
lin 1915. ,
The territorial extension of Portugal and Spain which
suited tom Tire discovery OF AmeIica, was followed by
the most extraordinary effects upon The commerce, The
finances and the politics generally OF those two coun.
tries, and through them OF the world lbe overland
trade 10 The East was abandoned. The whole OF South
America, and considerable part OF North America, were,
in The course OF the sixteenth century, settled by those
goyefnments who organized 10 their TRANSATLANTIC pos
sessions colonial ., stem OF the most Tigld aud des-
poic character, rejecting as lar as was practicable IN
distant provinces beyond The the stern features oi
the mother country The precious metals, and monop-
oy OF the trade TO the East, wire The great objects.
Aliens forbidden 10 enter the American vice royal
lies none but raband trade was carried by for
egners the ssapors. TO prevent this trade, severe
night Of search instituted along the entire extent OF
the coast have ecenily had opportunity, in another
place. TO adye TO The effects oil this system upon the IN
ternaoDa relations OF Europe Native subjects could
emgtaie 10 these vast colonial possessions only with The
PERMISSION OF The government Liberty of speech and oi
The press was unknown Instead OF arordng asy lum
persons dissenting from The eIon OF TIE Stale,
fomity of belief was, il possible, enforced more rgisy
10 the colonies Than in the mother country. No elsya.
ton in this respect has taken place in the remaining coll
of Span To the present day As for the abo
rigna tribes, after tie first work oi determination was
over, saved from destruction by being re.
duce a state OF pfedlu servltude. The detected and
spsess postery OF the wsrlke tribes that offered no
mean resistance Corez and Pzarro, are now the hew
ems o wood and the drawers OF water to Mexico and Peru
in word from the extreme southern point o Patagonia
10 the norherntnOsi. init OF New Mexico am not aware
that any thing hopeful done for human improv
by ther of the European crowns which added these
vast domains 10 their territories. tAppausel
II this srea, territorial extension fruess OF bene-
fetal consequences 10 America II was not less so TO the
mother country. For Spain !, was the commencement
OF period, not OF prosperity, but OF decline The rapid
influx OF the precious metals in the absence OF civil lib
ery aud oil just principles and institutions of intercourse
and industry, was productive OF manifold evils; and from
the reign OF Philip H. If not of Charles Y, the Spanish
monarchy began sink IRON its naughty position The
fall exclusively 10 the mentoned but the posses
sion OF the two Indies with all their treasurer did moth
ing 10 arIestacceleated evenihe progress OF degeDe.
Iacy Active causes OF decline doubt existed home
and OF these The inqusiiion was the chief
This was the wei ight that weighed her down"
The spirit OF intolerance and prosecutions, The reproach
and scandal of all counties and all churches, Potesani