New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-01-11

viii On Re face and as we underStood by the snaI
The Couvezoa included British Honduras and IL -
reucies IL was without tie knowledge OF conseEl "a -
aentfe eyulercd iy TIE uecoiia,Ors a. ne "a 80
70 exclude them and that thus IN derogss-on ~ 60
Tights Of the Senste the corf ructon oil tHe ~, ~.
thsDged il vital point hit IN tne u
rcutiye Department Of GeneTsl Tsy lore IN
hsdcoanued great error unpreceden Liosef In
And be protested that neither the senate no 60 tus
zpproyng uuderstood the CouTentyn a. ,tistors In
shown 20 have been undeTltooo y -, ,n5srtoOd by
rstfsng Il srd thsi Il il hal been 20 yots. and
She Ger ate II would no. hive received from
ip t1 pruteet be Included the hoHofao C5srrnqn of
AIobsus Mr. King WHO 81 zoe ln "a sTlegei that tbis
tbe Cornrattee On TOreign Afslrs AT I'll tina,
bsd to1 him ID he hsd supposei In,
5ay hat ibe proiectof accepting re to- bsS horn
ouhljfc zion Of the contractor o. ~ .d islonf such
.bandoEed sad tbsi TIE CoiiS eii ss, '''''
sr Sc Senator from Louisiana NJ D'"l
s.;d ,bs, BE- though. the whole 0gect ., s enJ
ron was 20 get the British out o. -, NJ cIsvop
ai ~ :. RI gss the effect OF the Convention, thse
-S o.Icrs 90 far a. he knew, voted oT u. .od
he ~ honorebIe Senator from Ohio, MI Ihsse,
Ino Ogergrsphics work the following descI u
mom saerca and affirmed that he and the Ssnite 9n,
e,sood that all the region hus described was hcuA0u
In the Convention VIZ .;.,,- ,,.,,ovv
Cenf,a Aer CO., ~ - 81 .orth and I5nata4s 7So Ga
Wet connecting the continents OF No,th ana 20
ics and comprising besides the Centfs C5 Po
,.tion Yucatsn parts Of Mexico and new OreLAu-f IL
xsis p,e Mosquito Coat and BTit'st h'nder@s 1,ro,
The Honorable Senator from Calioraa t.i' - 49,
declared that he was s.tonisheo 70 ne =. o[-ing
from Louisiana say that he was surpred al any us,
boerer stupd that might be done by the late SecetsI
OF State (Nr. CaytOn) and that ne (af Nes1 IA
never known Mr. Clayton 10 have any connecLo ".ln
snx public asir ia which he did no. sno" Mus1A eA
cessvey stupid, 20 ssy the least -. .t,.,o
Mr. President | shall endeavor 70 show tnsf thcse
rennres are groundless and unintentionaly unjust.
FIRST Granting but only for the sake o. sfsl nt ~,
ahat the facts stated true, snai hho" UNI "'S
fropsacrios 10 not unprecedented IN dipi1'l11' III
Tie Ninth Article Of the Treaty OF Gsudaioupe III.
falgo a. signed by the negotator was strniH ou ~
The Senate Bud another substituted IN lts Scao. me
Congress Of Mexico refused TO ratly 1t because II rsu
thus been changed, AZ they said In vital point Inc
Secretary Of State, Mr Buchanan) by direction OF Ine
Pregident (Mr Polk without the consent OF oWIG'go
of the Senate signed and delivered protocol oeoiaHB
Tint the suppression and substitution was not under
stood 10 diminish what had been stipulated Deiofci anu
ahereupon the Treaty was ratified snd the f4uh0aons
were eychan ged do not say here that me iron ic0n
rDas wrong or that whether wrong right 1t usnhed M
CLAYTON An do say IT, that even Mr.. Clayton ms
conduct has been such 90 II alleged 1t Is nevertheless
not Unprecedented in diplomacy.
Secondly | shall attempt TO snow that tie HIIi1o,lcs
nj the Senators at fault ana thd ncitner
The whole nor the chief object was as they no" suppose
they then understood, 10 get tie Brush on o. CeaHdt
1aeToa hepreamble declares s object to be to set
forth and fix the views and intentions oil the two nations
with reference 10 any means OF communication by snip
canal which moy be constructed between the Atlantic
and Pacific Oceans, by way Of the River San Juan dc
NcarsMa acd either or both the Lakes Of Nicaragua
and Nanacua" This preamble, together with the quota
lions from the Convention before made, snow ot inc
United States hpd very diherent object from tna de-
scbed by the Senator'S uDess we arc 70 suppose tnat
The United States had really in view partial, narrow
and selsh object while they held out to the other con-
trsciing party and 10 the world that they had In view
different broad, comprehensive and benehcent one,
(which, OF course is not TO be admitted
Thirdly think the memories OF the Hon senators are
ri fault again. and that they did not whea approving ne
Convention understdnd 10 include oil Central amer
. liz Hs.aft gV n ~
yons about tho Isthmus which divides North asd South
America ia but thiny settled by Europeans and their
descendants, and therefore, yet very imperiectiy
known Europe and 10 the United States and there's
an eyeTrecuring confusion OF Names ns apt ~ hap
pen in such cafes. The name Central America, emf
ployed in the Convention, has double SENECA geo
graphical sense and political one, and these arc widely
different America is divided geographically into North
America, South America and Central America. Central
America geographically Is that part of this great CONT
nent which lies between and connects North America
and South America together. The name u applied In
ihs sense the description quoted by the Senator from
Ohio and geographically, Central America does in
aude only Honduras and the British COas with the
ave Central American States, but also the partmcnts
OF Daricn and Panama and Veragua in New Grenada,
and the whole or parts % six ID the States OF the United
States OF Mexico.
Other geographers epply the still loosely,
and embrace all the regions extending fromat 70 TO
lat 2Go and TO embrace not only the lthnus OF Te-
huantepec but the Capital Of Mexico the States of Goa
huils and Tamaulipas and even apart OF Texas, in our
own Republic.
On tho other hand the name Of Central America has
political sense and means FIVE States of the lshmus
tying between New Grenada ON the South and Mexico on
Rhe North which, under the names OF Costa kcB Mica
Iagua Salvador Guatemala and Honduras, c0ncdcrtcd
themselves when they became independent OF spain,
and established Republic called the Federal Republic
of Central America In the conyulsions OF that region
that union has been dissolved but the acquired by
pt hans around those Sutes and they and they alone
are the States described politically in books, geora.
phies snd otherwise the States OF Central America
al. "a ffgfsFF
America iis geographical did they IL It's
political senseS Certainly in It's political sense.
For first II they used 1t IN s geographical sense, then
IL may as well be Insisted that the Convention embraces
NIL between 20 and 200 of north latitude, and this would
be 10 make il embrace part Of the United Stotes which
would be absurd
"a The Geographical Central America, whether broad
or narrow embraces the regions which contain the tree
celebrated passages from ocean ocean viz. Panama,
Nca aqua aud Tehuantepec and that be the sense IN
which the name Central America Il used Ia the Con-
entop then the stipuiations already made between
The two nations Tor the construction and maintenance of
canals or railway passages AGREES all tose routes, But
she Convention the contrary expressly confines Its
case 10 the Nicaragua route and pospones 20 hTure
day the making of spusons IN regardto the two other
routes Of Panama and Tehuantepec.
3D. The use of the term Central American States,
In the 9th Article, is equivalent TO and Illustrates the
meaning Of the term Central America In the lst
Article
4h The Convention in describing the territory which
Il to be made neutral, nance two OF the Central Amer
icsn States In the Vicinity OF the Canal Nicaragua and
Costa Rics and then adds, avg part OF Central Amer
Yea, thus clearly implying that il was Political Central
America that was intended
twas then not Geographical but Political C.g,rdl
sperca that included in the Convention, and - the
Honorable Senators have understood il when they
approved IT, unless suppose them 60 have been go
indferently Informed that their opinions were o. no
raluc, which Is not to be suIposed Tor moment.
rouTthly. | shall endeavor 10 convince those Honor
able Senators that their memories still further at
fault and that nAsR ASy apirocsd ne C0are5og t5s did
ges sRdrSaRdnto iRoisdS British Honduras Ia Bsi;s
End its depeadeaeiss, Nhick arc de Sane
Like Central America the name Honduras also hes
geographical sense, and political Go0ersph
Cal Honduras Is all Honduras, from the borders Of Sal
sdor 10 the Caribbean Sea aud ncSdes spanish Hon
Suras and British Honduras Just the name Virginia
Dong stood tor the whole Atlantic border from Carolina
10 Canada. But political Honduras is the ancient prov.
ince OF Spanish Honduras Is il when separated
from Spain and became the State Of Honduras, and en-
lered the Federal Republic Of Central America and SIS
came out of the Federal Republic on it, dissolution,
and as has remained hitherto and is now the state OF