Indiana American. [volume] (Brookville, Ind.) 1833-1861, 1853-12-16


its welfare and its domestic peace shall
be held alike and secure under the
sacred Egis of the Constitution.
This new league of amity and oil
mutual confidence and support, into
which the people. Of. the republic have
entered, happily affords inducement
and opportunity for the Adoption of a
more comprehensive and unembarrass-
ed line OF policy and action, as to the
great material interests Of the country,
whether regarded in themselves or in
connection with the powers ofthe civil
lized world. ior a.fa fp p7as uH,
The United States have continued
gradually and steadily to expand
through acquisions of territory, which
how much soever some ofthem may
have been questioned, are now uni
versally seen and admitted to have
been wise in policy, just in character
and a great element in the advance
ment OF our country; and with it, o
the human race, in freedom, in pros
perity and in happiness. The thir'
teen States have grown to be thirty one
with relations reaching to Europe on the
one side, and ON the other to the distant
realms of Aisa. ssi.aoe4a = -s.
l am deeply sensible of the immense
responsibility which the present mag,
nitude of the redublic, and the diver.
sity and multiplicity Of its interests, de-
wolves upon me: the alleylatlon o.
which SO far as relates to the immedi'
ate conduct OF the public business is,
first, in my reliance on the wisdom
and patriotism of the two Houses ol
Congress; and, secondly, in the di'
rections afforded me by the principles
of publicpolity, affirmed BY our faith
ers Of the epoch Of 1898, sanctioned by
long experience, and consecrated anew
by the overwhelming voice Of the peo'
pie Of the United States.
Recurring to these principles, which
constitute the organic basis of union
we percieve that, vast as are the
functions and the duties of the feder.
al government, vested in, or intrutted
10, It's three great departments, the
Legislative executive. and judicial. yet
the substantive power, the popular
force, and the large capacities for So
cial and material Development, exist il
the. respective States, which, all being
of themselves well constituted re
publics, as they receded, SO they
alone are capable OF maintaining anC
perpetuating the American Union.
The federal government has its ap
propriate line oil action in the speciii,
and limited powers. conferred on it b,
the constitution, chiefly to those
thinps in which the States have a com
mon interest in their relations to ont
another; and to foreign governments
while thcgreat mass of interests which
belong to cultivated men, the ordina.
ry business Of life, the springs of in
dustry; all the diversified personal anc
domestic affairs of society, rest secure
ly upon the general reserved power
Of the people of the several States.T-
There is the effective democracy ofthe
nation, and there the vital essenc'
Of It's being and its greatness.
0fihe practical consequences whicl
flow from nature OF the federal royern.
ment, the primary one is the duty o
administering with integrity and ddel
ity the high trust reposed in it by The
constitution, especially in the appli
cation of the public funds, as drawn
by taxation from the people, and ap.
propriated to specific objects by Con
gress. Happily | have no occasion (
suggest any radical changes in the fl
nancial policy Of the government
Ours Is almost, il not absolutely, The
solitary power of Christendom having
q surplus revenue, drawn Immediately
from imports on commerce, and there
fore measured by tho spontaneous en-
terprise and national prosperity OF The
country. with such Indirect relation e
agricultural. manufacturers, and the
product Of the earth aud sea, 80 M to
violate no constitutional doctrine, and
yet vigorously promote the general
welfare. Neither as TO the sources oI
the public treasure nor ms TO tho man
ner of keeping and managing IL does
any grave controversy now prevail,
there being general aoquIescence
in the wisdom OF the present system
The report Of the Secretary OF the
Treasury will exhibit in detail, the
state of the public finances, and the
condition of the various branches OF The
public service administered by that
department of the government.
The revenue of the country levied
almost insensibly 10 the taxpayer,
goes on from year to year, increasing
beyond either the interests of the
prospective wants or tho govern,
ment. fHf
AT the close of the fiscal year end
ing June 80, 1869, there remained in
the treasury q balance OF fourteen mil.
lions six hundred and thirty-two thou
sand QUE hundred and thirty-six dol
lars. The public revenue Tor the fis'
cal year ending June 80, 1858 amoun
ted TO fifly eight millions nine hundred
and thirty thousand eight hund
red and sixty i've dollars from customs
and two millions four hundred and five
thousand seven hundred aud eight dol
lars from public lands and other mis-
cellanoous sources, amounting togeth
or to sixty-onc millions three hundred
and scytnty.foar dollarsi whlis th'
public expenditures for the same peri
oil. exclusive of payments on aecoun
OF the public debt, amounted TO iorty
three millions Eve hundred and MY
-four thousand two hundred and sixty
two dolIara; leaving a balancc OF thirt!
two millions four hundred and twenty
Eve thousand four hundred and forty
seven dollars OF receipts above ekPen
dituros,
I'hia fact, Of increasing tho eurplu
Al. ault44at 4.