davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
From Albany.


PROJECT FOR REPAIRING THE CANALS by con-
TRACT--THE ENLARGEMENT QUESTION TAXES,
ETC.
SPECIAL CORRESPONDENTS OF THE NEW YORK HERALD.
ALBANY, March 7, 1858.
Canal Commissioner Fitzhugh submits to the Iegisa-
turc the proprcy Of repairing the canals by contract
He Gays saving can be made Of so per cent.
Another State Lunatc Asylum is wanting location
either Rochester or Lockport bill passed the Senate
to-day Mr. Loomis bill to levy the State of and
one tenth of mill to finish the canals was taken up If
the proposed tax on banks and railroads be adopted
for which there is effort then the direct tax will be
abandoned 1t the rst proposition but the resol
ton was voted down. The debate will be extended to
great length as many members opposed to taxing
farmers any farther to finish up the work the canals
AS matters are in the Senate, such bill will scarcely
pass that body No action has yet been had Mr. Van
derblts proposition. Has he caved ns
10 morrow another trial will be had for an Executive
Session, with the same result previous efforts
Governor Seymour was in the Executive Chamber to-
day, apparently enjoying his usual health. W.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
Serious Maritime Disasters.

WRECK OF THE SCHOONER SPLENDID, AND SUPPOSED
LOSS OF ALL THE CREw-scHoONER NARCIsSA
ASHORE, AND TWO OF THE CREW DROWNED Ere.
BosroN, March I, 1855
The schooner Splendid went ashore about O'Clock on
the morning Of the 4th ins mile south of Gades
House, Cohasset- She must have struck the ledges
south Of Minos Ledge during the night All hands
opposed to have perished, two bodies found
The beach next day. The schooner's log book found
the beach. She sailed it is stated, from Boston
the 24th ult. The bodies in charge Of the
The schooner Narcissa, of Cold Spring, L. l., went
ashore the back Of Cape Cod, three miles north Of
Highland light, Friday night last about II o'clock.
The remained on board until nearly O'Clock the
next morning, chen the captain, mate and sailor
we're saved by the shore, who arrived from
Provincetown. Two men named VIM. j. Jones' seaman,
Of Maine and Thomas Nempey cook, OF Liverpool, E,e
land, drowned. The schooner loaded with
moulding sand, and will probably be got oiE
COLLISION AND LOSS oP TWO sCHoONERs.
PHIIAsmPmA, March !, 1859
The schoOners Emellne Caroline, from New York for
Philadelphia and the Abby for the Eastward in ballast
came ashore near Cape May Friday night, in snow
storm The former vessel had board the Of the
schooner Patriot which In collision with the r
Off Barnegat Thursday night and sunk The Abby has
blppsl and will be a total lOes.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
UNITED STATES SENATE.
EXTRA SESSION

WAsHrSGToN, March !, 1853.
The Senate met at quarter past twelve O'Clock
Tho journal read, when Mr.. FISH corrected that
rart OF it wherein it stated that his colleague was
present Friday His colleague (r Sewar) had been
called away by illness in his family
COMMITTEE WAIT on THE rREuDEyr.
Mr.. WALKER (dem.) of Wis, offered a resolution di.
rectng the appointment. Of committee OF two to wait
the President and inform him that the Senate is
to receive any uncaton he may have to make to
them. Adopted
Messrs. walker aud Phelps were appointed said
committee.
Mr.. CLAYTON, (whig) Of DEL offered resolutions calling
FOR copies of numerous papers relative to the affairs of
Nicaragua He said he would call the resolutions at
The opportunity when their consideration would not
interfere with the business Of the Senate II his in
tnton to discuss the topics embraced in the resolutions
and he hoped to have an opportunity Of doing so at
The following are Mr.. CrAYTos's resolutions
Resolved That the President be respectfully requested
if compatible in his opinion with the public interest," to
communicate to the Senate the propositions mentioned
in the letter Of the Secretary State accompanying the
executive message to the Senate Of the 18th Of february
last having besn agreed upon by the Department Of
State, the British Minister and the State of Costa Rca
the id Of April 1852 having for their object the set
ement OF the continual controversies between the States
and governments bordering on the river San Juan
communicate the Senate such information as IL may
be in the power of his department to furnish in regard to
the conflicting claims of Great Britain and the State Of
Honduras and their respective letters TO the Island Of
Ruatan, Bencia Utia. Barbarat, Helena and Morat in
or near the bay of Honduras.
WANTED FOR Mr. Yutto
Mr.. MoRToN (whig) Of Fla. offered resolution to nay
r Yuec mileage and per diem while contesting the seat
Of Mr.. Mallory laid over
THE CASE OF SENATOR BENJAMIN.
Mr. SouIE (dcm) OF La, presented the memorial of
twenty members OF the General Assembly louisiana
protesting against the action Of former legislature
relation TO the election a his present colleague, Mr..
benjamin. This subject had been fully debated in the
Legislature lately, and that body having by large ma
ority refused to go into election OF Senator he
regarded 1t Indication Of the will of the legislature
to have further action IN the matter Under these
circumstances he would mako no motion other than
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
rremsndous Connagrat,on n Ne,, or,eans

Tremendous COnnagration I'm New Orleans.
OVER EIGHT HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS WORTH
OF COTTON DESTROYED-GnyERAL NEGROES SIP.
POSED TO HAVE PERIsHED, ETC.
NEW ORLEANS, March Q, 1853
The most destructive fire that ever occurred In New
Orleans, broke out Wednesday afternoon in the upper
part OF the Alabama cotton press The flames spread
rapidly, and gained a tremendous headway be-
fors the engines arrived 1t destroyed nearly all the
ents Of the pre besides large qusntity cotton
piled in the streets.
1t far exceeds the frst estimates
1t is supposed that Senty thousand bses of col
ton destroyed valued at eight hundi ed oa million
dollars
The property mostly insured here. The csses fall
heavily on the following Offices Crescent, Home Mutual
and Sun Mutual.
1t is besYed that several negroes hare perished in tn
flames.
Many other presses the vicinity in great Jan.
ger, but saved.
The fire is sti smouldering and the engines are kept
continually at hand.
Ole Bulls last concert brilliant triumph-threy
thousand persons present. lie gives another on
Friday, and then goes West.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
NEW YORK LEGISLATURE.


Senate.
ALBANY March Z 1858.
RELIEF FOR NEW REAL ESTATE OWNERS ETC.
Mr. BEEKMAN reported favorably the bill for the
ef Of real estate in New York account Of
sessments.
Mr.. BnKMAs gave notice of bill relative to Commits
sioners Of Deeds and Notaries in New York.
BRIBERY AT ELECTIONS.
Mr. TABER offered an amendment to the constitution re.
lative to bribery at elections
THE WORKS OF AMERICAN AUTHORS.
Tho District School Library BILL relative to the works
of standard authors, was taken up.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
Intelligence from venczucla.
Correspondence OF the Baltimore SUM-
prERTO Ckprrro Esh IN

PUERT0 CAhELIo, Feb. 10, ISS
Our coffee market shows high figures which Is owing
not only to tho shortness Of the crop which win fall far
short OF the one Of last year but Is also owing to the
very heavy rains of late preventing the growers from dry
Ing the Several vessels have been waiting for their
esIgoes for two and three months and many of them not
yet completed.
The yellow fever. which has been prevailing here 70 an
alarming extent has considerably abated OF late ~ ma
been principally confined to the shipping in port, anui
regret TO say several lost their entire crews
We hore however 10 be able report its entire dap-
peafance ia 4 few weeks.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
Railroad Intelligence.

BALTIMORE, March I, 1855.
The Beard of Trade to-day recommended subscr pon
by the city million dollars to the Eitburg Connells
willie and Cumberland Railroad The Pittsburg and Cum
berand committee leave tomorrow for Annapolis to
the necessary legislation They have already secured
frsm The Baltimore and Ohio RAILROAD the right Of
noction at Cumberland TIE city subscription Of mil
lion is sdo. ed certain,
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
MORNING EDTTIoN--TUESDAY, MARCH 8, 1853

that the memorial be received and laid on the table
Laid on the table.
RETURN OF THE COMMITTEE FROM rHE PRESIDENT
At i've minutes past clock the committee sp.
pointed to wait the President returned and repoi
they had performed the duty assigned them and had
ceived reply from the President that he would com
muncate to the Senate forthwith in writing
MESSAGE FROM TIE PREsIDENT-CABNET CONFIRMED ETC.
At twenty Ave minutes past one a message was re.
ceived from the President by Sydney Webster his P
vate Secretary and then the Senate proceeded to
slider executive business.
The Senate adjourned after confirming the cabinet
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08

Assembly.
ALBANY, March 7, 1868.
CANAL IMPROVEMENT APPROPRIATION BILL.
Mr. WET, from the Canal Committee introduced bill
making appropriations for the improvement Of the Erie
Black River, Genesee Valley, Oswego, Seneca, and
Cayuga, and the Crooked Lake canals
DEBT.
The House then went into committee the bin report
ed BY Mr. Loomis to provide pay the State debt
The subject debated till the hour Of adjournment
but nothing done beyond correcting the phraseooy
and punctuation of the bill. "
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
The Charleston steamers,

CHARLESTON, March 4 1856.
The o. s. mail steamship southerncr, Capt VIM. hos.
ter arrived here from New York oclock last Satur
day afternoon
ihe mall steamship James Adgcr CAPT Dickinson, did
not leave here for New York until IL o'clock SUNDAY
morning being detained by heavy weather.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
q. y District Attorneys once.

RESIGN AfloN or rfIE .. 2. DISTRICT ATTORNEY.
MARCH mir, j. Prescott Hail. the United States Dis
tct ATTIC rey has forwarded his resignation to the Pro-
sdent Of the United States, intimating at the
time tnat he has no objection to perform the duties
until enera Pierce nominates his successor Mr.. Halt
has during his term Of office, conducted skilfuly but
hur sanely, many important public prosecutons and he
br not only gained the admiration Of his professional
rehren but the good feeling and respect Of all whose
business called them to the United States Courts.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
FURNITURE.

DICH ROSEWOOD PARLOR AND CHAMBER FBRNI-
~ ture-H. sTONEY has now in his warerooms very
the above class Of furniture OF his usual
we'll known substantial and fashionable quality TO which
be would call the attention OF his old custom
ers persons about making their spring selections
call aud examine the nycs aud prices at his waerooms
EY6 Broadway, next door to tho Collsmore House
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
BOARD OF ASSISTANT ALDERMEN, I
Monday Evening. March I.

COMMITTEE OF INVESTIGATION APPOINTED.
Assistant Alderman BoUToN, eleventh ward) the pei
resolution which will be foua ad in official report
asking for Committee of Investigation into the grave
charges preferred against members of the Board.
The preamble and resolution having been read, lis
adoption moved for. The reading called for
second time, and
Assistant Alderman BRTy Fourth ward) moved that
II be laid on the table
Assistant Alderman BARKER hoped the motion to lay
the table would not prevail He thought it due 10
the respect they ed themselves and each other to the
duty they owed their constituency that the investigation
should be had. 1t was unpleasant duty, but inn
perate That Board by theircharter had the sole
power Of impeachment, and could only do by Com
facts their duty to impeach and it then the
Hoards duty to have such investigation; and he hoped
and truatcd that every charge would be refuted.
The question about to be put when
Assistant Alderman RING said no believed the motion to
10y the table had not been seconded.
Assistant Alderman BRIIN would withdraw that me-
ton
The resolution was them uron motion, unanimously
adopted and the following Assistants nominated
the committee Bouton, McCown, Hunt, woodward, ana
EaJker.
Assistant Alderman HuNT afterwards offered a resoiu-
ton (also 10 be found in tie official raport) for
miee of three with pow to examiao papers and wit
nesses.
II moved that it to referred 10 the committee al
ready appointed; but
Assistant Alderman 3AWKn objected to il, as being
quite unnecessary Tas 0mmttsa doubtless would know
how TO proceed in thor To SIX and they might have
sion to ask that Boa sv powers or advice liz the
pusage.
The motion ,I,erence was put and lost, and tho
resolution was lad on the table.
The Board shortly afterG ards adjourned
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
DRY GOODS.

nRESS GOODS FOR CASH.. HOXIE, JR., NO. 81
Nassau street opposite the Post Office, receiving
for sale large and attractive stock Of silks and
fancy goods printed and jnconet barege
lain plain and printed bsrege plain and striped poplins
prints linens gingham white goods &C. mostly from
tion Aeo, full assortment Of domestics, for cash,
prices from 10 to 10 cent lower than they be bought
on the usual credit.
AIEW GOODS-SOME NEW DRESS GOODS, DE.
IN lanes grenadines silk and grenadine tissue bareges
in stripes and satin paids ouard silks embroirics aces
lnens domestic goods hosiery spring shawls &c for
eale by TIFFANY CUTTING 32l Broadway.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
THE Fashions.

FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE-GRAND OPEN.
ing day on Monday the l4th of March, at the Paris
where will he displayed collection Of rsrit;e in ades
tumethe products of foreign and native
leed In the world Of fashion The Paris Manba En- porum
having been still further enarscd during the past tive
months may unguestonaby he pronounced the most
eommodious well popular esabihmcnt for the sale
e shawls and mantas in the United States; and the
sent bong than usually rife with Partisan
vets we'll on account Of the interesting eeremonie that
have lately taken place In tho French capA also with
view to the Industrial Exhibition to bo held in this
city the proprietor confidently state that he will offer
rich to those ladies aud gentlemen who honor him
with visit The entire suite Of rooms will he thrown
this occasion and the different articles
afford every facility for public Inspection The apar:
msnts will be devoted exclusively 10 those mant.s intend
ed for the Worlds Fair GEO BULPIN,
Paris Mantilla and Shawl Emporium, ;5l Broadway
N B-Plcase observe the opening day Is on Monday 4th
March should the weather unpropitious the
frrts succeeding day
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
THE BALL SEASON,


THE GRAND MASONIC FRATERNITY BALL, UNDER
New York. will bo given st Metropolitan Hall Wednes
day evening" March 3. The Committee Of Arrangements
the services Of Cornet
1Ia n: % ss
tioner of Broadway The hall will be beautifully and ma
.onioay The committee beg leave the
ancss this ball wit be the most brilliant Of the season.
proposed to the procecd to the charity fund Of
the lodges represented in tho General Committee Tickets
obtained the General Committee at the principal hotels
and Of the Executive Commtec-John Robinson Caspian
Serck. John O. Breen James Fowler T. L. Timola Joseph
A. hyatt William Cummings Robert D vl Holmes = Lyon,
s. c. SwARrz. Secretary.
MONUMENT BALL-THE FIRST COMPANY CONT.
M mental Guard, Captain j. &. Hcme, will give Grand
Military and Civic Bali at the Apollo Rooms 40 Broadway
Tuesday evening March ths proceeds to be approp
Henry Gibson the last of Washngons Life Guard whose
remains have laid nearly in the Greenwood Cemetery
without stone mark the last resting place Of the old
teran Tickets 81 May be procured Of any member of the
Capt J. G. HELME, Chairman
r. p. ROGERS Treasurer.
II. CARPENTER, Secretary.
N1HE NINTH ANNUAL BALL OF THE CLAYTON
Guard viii take place at the Apollo Rooms Thurs
Walnut kadford's, PA Broadway, Of any members.
Dodworths full band engaged
tation Of host of friends, has determined to give
ther magnificent soree le grand bal finale" Subscribers
will bo entitled to Of lessons at third the usual
ehag Those who have danced before be taught
in single previous to the ball. all the Dances
with grace elegance STYLE Saracco will
the high reputation which he has the honor
academy ITO Grand street. four doors of Broad
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08

FTce sOII Mayor FL ecteu III NeW BcttfOiNs
NEW BEDFORD, March I, 1853
Rodney French Gree soiler) was chosen Mayor OF New
Bedford to-day.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08

HARRISBURG, March !, 1858.
The managers Of the State Agricultural f, met here
to-day and selected Pttsburg the place. and the 27th
2sh and Goth Of September the tme for holding the
Vt
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08

NAoSS0cnuSettS constitutional Convention.
THE ELECTION OF DELEGATES.
SPRINGFIELD March 7-1OP p NJ
The delegates elected to the Constitutional Convention
from this town are, c. w. Chaplin and E. D. Beach, de-
mocrats, and two vacancies.
Northampton elects democrat and one independent
Greenfeld-Rev. Dr. Chandler, coalitionist
The votes in Pttsfed have not yet been counted but
OK Governor Briggs and Julius Rockwell whgs pro-
badly chosen.
Benjamin F. Hallett (dem) is elected from the small
town Of Gill; Frank lin county
Whiting Griswold and D. W. Alyord, coalition leaders
elected from the towns of Ewing and Montague.
Ex. Governor Boutwell, and Anson Burlngame, cpa
tioniss chosen from the small towns in Worcester
county.
Worcester city sends Eve strong coalition leaders in
cludng Isaac Davis Charles Allen j. S. c. Knowton, and
j. NJ Earle.
The city Of New Bedford has elected five coaltonists
The returns from the counties of Berkshire Hampden
Hampshire franklin, and Worcester, partial They
foot up follows
Mhgs. Observation-Disclosures. IL
Free solers and democrats. so
Independent and doubtful. ...".........:..... 8
At present the wings do not appear to sand the slight
est chance of the convention
SPRINGFIELD March 7-12P NJ
We have returns Of tho election of 94 whgs 145 oppo
sition, and II vacancies. This embraces rather
The convention will be in the hands of the opponents of
the wings
BOSTON, March 81 A. NJ
Returns from over one hundred towns show the cleo
of the whigs nearly all In.
There is no doubt of the convention being anti whg
Boston elects A wings; Cambridge and Roxbnry six
wings each.
Wilson, Griswold, Banks, Boutwell, Hallett, Hobart,
and Keys, are all elected.
Charles Sumner is elected from Marshfed.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
From Boston.

RESIGNATION OF THE COLLECT0R-HEAvY FAILURE
BosroN, March 7, 1853
Philip Greedy, Collector Of this port has resigned
1t is reported that extensive glass and hardware
dealer in this city, has failed. His liabilities est
mated at $500 600
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08

CPRING AND SUMMER FASHIONS, lSja--II. B. PET
- TIGREW No Ann street, Museum buildings, n. y
Pettgrew plate Of fashions with pattern sheet and
port published and issued, will hc found the
pec scientific and valuable that appeared in the Uni
ted States Pettrew without any way interfering with
fdence that the scientific system of cutting
and dolir eeted through the medium of his plate pat
tern sheet report will be found the only safe rule
establish accuracy and expedition because It - founded
principles and established scientific data undeyi-
atng and unerring in it's application Petrew undertakes
60 gentlemen of ordinary ability in the science ofout
ting in lectures. Some Of the most d tn guehed
fsts of tie have been instructed in his establishment
II. B. PETTlGREW, Tailor rpd Draper.
N BThose in the trade who wish to avail themselves Of
the opportunities afforded above, will apply at the
demand Is unprecedented.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08

ITO TAILORs.-THE SPRING AND SUMNER FASH
ions for 1853 published by Oliver and Son. Broadway
New York, ready for sale.
5000 CHALLENGE.
An instrument for measuring and drafting coa.s The
authors masterpiece eorreot method for measnrnx and
drafting coats being exact transr the figure
from the body to the cloth. By T. OLIVER Il SON fDS
Broadway New York. FirstT Oliver Son eontsad that
their system 10 the most correct method for obtaining
shape and dimensions OF the human figure
lshed SecondThat after shs 10
ment will transfer Tho 10 The cloth With grens
and less time ThirdThat 10 IL bother adapted
measuring sides Of tho In of designation
Fourth-y cutting for the following shaped
any variation from the taken "A large fat
very erect high ond low shoulder with
shoulder higher than the other round backed
lady's lnbt and hoys jacket and ns many more a..
mens the committee think proper for TO out r.
Oliver and Son intend placing tie above At the
great Exhibition which next May and would bs
happy The with author in America Great
Britain any part Of shs world for nv. hundred dollars
according the above Terms The measurin. nfrument
with book Of diagrams with explanations for drafting
coats TO ns vests sacks &s accompanied with sradu
scale for SIS; to those who have taken ha
system heretofore sio nstrctious extra The fash
ions, per plate. 81 90.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
The Manhattan Fire Company and the Cont
mental Guard.

PHILADELPHIA March Tsp NJ.
The Manhattan Fire Company arrived here from Bat
this afternoon and partaking Of entertain
ment given them by the Humane Hose Company.
The Continental Guard also arrived here this afternoon
They received by military escort and being
handsomely entertained.
Both companies leave for New York tomorrow.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08

T OST-MONDAY MORNING MARCH T. A SMALL,
IL gold Geneva watch chain and charms A liberal reward
will DO given upon its being brought owner ia Fifth
avenue, above Twenty second street.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08

&S REWARD.-LOST ON MONDAY MORNING. Be
tween II and IL O'clock in going from West Broadway
through Wooster to Spring street large gold
tanning two miniatures The finder will receive
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08

N1HE NINTH ANNUAL BALL OF THE CLAYTON
i Guard viii take place at the Apollo Rooms, Thurs
day evenng March 10TH tickets eft be had
Walnut Radford's, 2l4 Broadway, of any members.
DnAv vortf fu1I han
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-08
NEWS BY r. e L + G IL A III .
>>~~>~~->~~~~---
THE LATEST FROM WASHINGTON.
INTERESTING POLITICAL GOSSIP.
PROCEEDINGS In THE UNITED STATES SENATE
~><~~>>>~~-~>~>~->~~~~>.
CONFIRMATION OF THE CABINET.
~~>@~>~~>>~~>>~>>~->o
Ex-Secretary Clayton and his Treaty with
Sir Henry Dulwer.
BUSINESS In THE NEW YORK LEGISLATURE.
~>>~r~>~>~~~o<~o-~~>o~>c~~
The Election for Delegates to the Massa-
chusetts Constitutional Convention.
->1~y~>>y>~s>>>>rs>>~~~,~>,~>
Large Amount Of Cotton Burnt at
New Orleans.
~~~~~~~>~~>~~>~~>~.>>~~
DISTRESSING MARITIME DISASTERS,
&C., GC., &c.
BUSINESS In TIE NEW YORK LEGISLATURE.
DISTRESSING MARITIME DISASTERS,
DC, DC, &c.

Affairs In Washington City.
FROM CORRESPONDENTS OF THE NEW YORK HERALD
CABINET OFFICERS CONFIRMED by THE SENATE
WASHINGTON, March 7, 1853.
The President sent in the nominations for the cabinet
precisely published in the HERALD two three weeks
ago. They were unanimously confirmed without re-
ference. x YZ