The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-06-09
VERY LATE FROM AUSTRALIA.

Miners-Moral ana Religious Aspect OF inc
Country-Price Of American Flour, &c., &C.
Our advices from Sydney by the way Of Valparaiso are
to the 9Th Of March, and from Melbourne to the 10Th Of
February.
The accounts from Australia do not seem I, be "a
vsrabls at previous advioes. While business
generally is represented lbeng quite lively the yield
gold has sensiby dsereassd while its price
what reduced.
The in the yield is traced to the adoption by
the legislature the 1st Of February Of very arbi
trary and unjust act to regulate the raising Of
nue. from the gold mines Of New South wales Tho Of.
feet this create disorder at the Turon during
the month and in large degree to dsp0Paato the place
ers tho New South Wales diggngs and deter the
coloDsts and British immigrants om the enterprise,
tempting diggiDgs Of Victoria where similar law does
exist The chief points Of this law, deemed
Under pretext Of preventing runaway servants from
digging it empowers the authorities to demand from
every proofs that he is not absconder and to -
pIon him until he produce such proofs, and all this
without ore to bring against him complaint 1t
Thus contrary to the whole spirit Of British law, throws
and deems him guilty without PROOF Of guilt This Is
Of the offensive provisions Another Is that It requires
every adult male remaining any district proclaimed as
gold field unless engaged in pastoral or agricultural
pursuits, in tunnelliDg. to take out license IS
he digger Of thirty shliDgs month. every male
being reckoned adult above fourteen years Of ageso
that all persons carrying any kind Of trade in
towns hip must not only pay licenses for themselves
for every ore in their employ. And it emooxers the
found the ground who have not taken out LICENSE
The effect is to prevent enterprise and to raise the cost
jorty, proftless labor And third Objectionable
clause is one that makes the fee double to TO-
PERSON who nav be accused Of being such ', The
act has numerous points OF very pernicous
character, but these may suffice to indicate the
this act has been conved by the aquattpg and govern
ment interest in the Legislative Council expressly to
drive from the degings, and to compel them to
cept situations as ct cheap rates under tyrao
nical employers. 1t is believed that the s-vsuntipg
patriots Of the council deeply envous Of the rise "
the labOrDg classes by Of the aurerous discover
er AID are determined II possible to deprive them Of
the advantage Hence the passing and enforcement. Of
times, VII en- conviction and tyranny untedy prevailed
in the colony The clause which places every man. how
ever isnoceI At II. mercy Of any constable who may
law by which every travelling for business
pleasure in the interior liable to be seized and
him off from ali redress for unjust detention. 1t made
apparent by the present measure that the
feeling deeply seated in The of the remaining
cCloniss Of the older class is striving hard again
for the mastery. They have, with great dexterity,
seized the concession Of the gold revenue by the crown
The military brought out ry the government, with
out necessity, without legal authority, and at
immense cost the country has been employed to
rivet these ieorged chains The act is in strong oppo
sen to expressed sentiments Of the governUents
own gold commissioners. The result at the dgsings,
especially at the Turon has been to create spirit of dis
Ike to the government which existed BEFORE and
the issue will be every disastrous But the worst
effect Of this proceeding is that it has enstamped the
with character which its formsr conduct
the convict question had almost completed when the
was made that no more convicts to
be ssnt to this colony. Much of that i'll mpI ession Is
revived 1t is hard for free people to forget the pro-
objection formerly manifested for c5nvicsm, when they
that prediction opera ting to deprive gold dggers Of
tie which the recent discoveries had thrown
in their way, and treating them ssen without
tlon. If they criminals Such proceeding tends
to produce utter aversion to hted service which
he made the pTetext Of such dire oppre ssiop. Aad
spirit ssngencered far and wide of cont empt for
wholesome laws. hen the Cfse Of Law making Is thus
cruelty aud unjusuy abused.
These are the chief politics Of New South Wales Just
now.
ard reIeatpg to Victoria rat her than hazard illegal
collision Meanwhile the sple.dor Of recent discoveries
in at quarter is enough Of itself to effect DO werful
voucn in the minds OF the laboring GLASS; in favor Of
that celery other things eqnal there would
soon be very little labor left in New Suth Wales aui the
concoc ers Of these mischievous would bitterly
suffer the fruits OF their folly However, the
appetite for geld in Victoria has produced state OF
hrgs there extremely The public and social
ell teirg The immense rush of mmgra has found
colon, prepared BY wise for its reception.
The employment. at the Mines rich the production is
comfort of the colony Agriculture and other Iisulu-
raj pursuits III cared for The government is weak
snS The heps g shqss a the
floating population, Of which it would be hard to sag
whether It belongs to the colony or not We are told,
says the Empire that there thousands Of a
the city living in tents for the site OF each Of which the
goverDm.nt charges ground rent Of five shllings a
building is rendered next to impossible Nor is the spirit
Of Victoria leailaion any improvement upon
They, to- act the principle Of throwing tie
pTL0di upon parties unaccused other wise than by
sta bles ard ma gstrates
The Empire is quite discouraged as regards direct
stes with England by the Cape OF Good
Hope 1t says But hs,e almost Lost the belief that
the Gaze route will permit wishes to be INDUCED.
The experiments have been thus far uniform failures and
tire last we're than the first And yet We are called
VI pom to pay for this most tsntazrg deception
sixty FER cent all correspondence 1t is longer
be eeted that the government will succeed any
project for the advs na6e Of Australia We must
chr own affairs by private entepriAe
The moral ana religious aspects Of the colony do MT
nothing yet TO elevate TIE people. The female inm
grafton is strangely absorbed asd the comfort Of fam
lies does not Keep pace with tho quantity Of yours NO
men imported There Is some errOf in the management
OF this after which depves the co'eoy of sensible
advantage from The acquisition lev only appear to bs
Of class .bs and disposed to live to some useful pnr
Iose The gold has produced deleto effect upon the
ndust inclna,ions Of young females. They
not wiling TO com themselves industry for support
and to Learn all bats requisite 70 make them honorable
members Of socisty.
The state Of crime inauapici, Although far better
of (ays the EnIre than rcighb2rs, we are rea20g
the fiut, oi the loose oonyicm Of Van Diemans Land
ard OF the cupdty proAgacy produced by the
somewhat aeiningly frequent. ard sre accompanied
with fer, city most appalling Yet, the state Of
education in advance, We should entertain no fear #
these symptoms The thing to be deplored j., that the
young are TO large extent growing up abasdoned in
morals (. the utter want or that dJmestic ,raning
without which school education will be neatly in
vain The state OF education is fsarfuly bad. Norai
discipline is everywhere at fsult-the result Of which
will be- without speedy amendment, that the next gene
raton will be enc Of vastly augmented prong.sy and
crime. There is enough in the prospect to awaken the
deepest sociiuie for the future
Under the head Of " General Progress" the Enpir:
rays ia not quite easy to give fair estimate Of TIL
commercial pIospects Of the present moment when the
caue Of the recent progression has been strangsl
tsmpelea with The recently eyulted in the
expectation Of large from tse gold mines, fo-
1st3 and placed ihs Valuation Of the licenses and royal
tics which contdered very much beneath the pro
liability, a. flOo eco, with addition of fllOO00 for
etcort and conveyance II would be hazardous to
TO, opinion of tho injury whish these expected sums
viii have sustained from the operations Of the Ill Judged
Gold Act 1hers is every to beve that 1t will
opeae most disastrousy upon the gold revenue, aud It
cannot fail TO produce effect even the general
revenue for tire quasty Of me chandise consumed At
the dirRipgs becoming immense. The goose and
the golden egg again II is always best to keep bungng
hands from machinery which requires skill to mind 1t.
military must be supported 10 the licenses, the
profits Of The undertaking not little doubtful.
The general progress Of the colony the above disturb
b.st bn~p heal hv o.