New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-03-09

OF colonial sisirs should be assigned.
Tie charter Of Privileges and Exemptions" BY which
an armed commerce al Opoly proposed eject tho
permanent agricultural colonization Of New Neither
lard while i, naturally embodied the peculiar policy Of
lis mercantile projectors encouraged me rAn.er across
the Altar TIC OF the modified fedsilsln on the faherisnd
Receiving % themselves the island OF Asna>an, which
the compsny Geclsrcd Il was their intention 70 people
first they de ignasfd the emporium OF .ncir trade.
and required that al fruits and wares that arise on tho
North River and lAnd- lying thereabouts, should oe
frs, brought there. To private persons dspoecd 10
e,,e themselves in any o;her part Of New Neaerand.
The company offered tie absolute property OF much
land AZ he emg mi ht be sbls properly 30 m
move" They were also 20 have free liberty of hunt.
irg ard towing" according 10 the regulations OF the
Provincial director and council Exploration was spe-
cislIy encouraged. Whoever should discover any
shores hays other it places for erecting sacrcs or
the 1king OF salt ponds, promised an eosog'o
and exclusive propoity in such discoveries.
But twas Obv0g. that the rural tenanry IL Holsn
did not posscss the requisite means 20 sustain the
pcrses o: e,nsrs:;ca and the associated directors
thought that tie permanent agricultural settlement Ct
their american province coGii be best accomplished BY
the organization Of separate subordinate colonies CT
mancrs, under large propretarieS To tempt the sui-
bii.on OF such capitalists peculiar privileges o.
fored to them. Ths-e privileges, nevertheless, were
carefully confined 70 members Of the West India Com
pSny. The charter provided that any such member a.
should, within four yesrs Plsnt colony OF h'y sda'
in sny part Of New Ne;hetsnl. except the reserved
island OF Manhattan, should be Acknowledged as
"paiToon, or eGdal chief Of the territory he might
thus colonze The lends selected for each colony might
extend sixteen miles in length confined 10 side OF
navicabe river: or eight miles on each side II both
banks occupied; but taCy might run ~ Tar into
the country Tie situation Of the occapcis viii pee
INIT II proportiona'e number 81 additional emiSran's
slould be settled, tie limits OF The colonies might Is
proportionGly enlarged. Esch PATRON was promised
full title by inheritance with rHa tsfdsd or the right
10 dispose of his estate by will he was 70 have "thc
chiei comm and ard lower Jurisdictions, aud the esclu-
sive privilege of fishing f0wling and grinding, within
his own domain. In Case any PATRON should N Tune
prosper much o. found or more cities ne was
TO have power AID authority to establish officers and
mag sratCs there Tse PATRONS were 10 urnsh their
colonies with proper Instructions, In order thaf they
may be ruled and governed coniormabiy 10 the rule OF
government made or 70 he made by the Assembly oi
Tire XlN" From 81 judgments IN the rlSnoEial courts
of The patroons for upward Of iy guilters an appeal
might lie to the Director and Council IN NewNether-
land For the space OF ten years the eoihssts uhoo
the PATRONS were 10 be entirely Tree from eus'o,
taxts excise imposts, or any other conuhu'ohs bst
none of these &C onists either or woman sou or
daughter seryan; OF ulsidserN sn eYuav e "owci
10 leave the service OF their psroous during the peof
for hich thew ui.ht bc hcuAi % remain except by
the written consen, such patroon and the company
pledged itself 10 DO everything Ia US po"e,V apprehend
and deliver up every such colonst az shsl leave me
sery ice OF his PATRON end ciAtc n'o uic vi a'
oker or shall, contrary 70 MS 0on""' oe h's SGT
The PATRONS themselves might trade all along the
cons, fror Florida to Newfoundland provided the car
Goes procured were brought 10 Manhattan whence they
NIGH be sent to Holland aller paying duty of tve per
crIt 70 the company. The PATRONS we're aso prom
ned the freedom trade and traffic all along the coast
kind OF merchandise, except beavers, offers, mink,
and all sorts of petty, which trade the company re-
served itself The fur trace, however was permitted
10 the PATRONS, lat such places where tho company
have no tsctoIies upon condition that all peries thus
procured should BE- brought to Manhattan. and dehv
cred TO the director for shipment to Holland. Freedom
Of the fsheIies wGs also promised with the hsh they
caught the PATRONS might trade to Italy and other
trail countries paying 10 the company duty OF three
guilders for every tun.
All the cOlonfts, whether Independent or under pa
troons were positively forbidden to maze wooden.
linen cotton cloth, or weave any other stus there on
pain of being bsnised and perurers bo arbitrarily
punisLed" On the other hand, the company promised
TO protect and defend al the coonisls where free or IN
service "agsinst all outlandsh and nlanlifh wars AMI
powers TIE company likegise agreed TO finish the
io,t on the leland oi tie Mandates aud put In pos
ture of defense without delay, The company further
promised to ,ufpy the coloni9ts with as many blacks
they conveniently could but they were not 70 oe
bound 20 do this for a longer time than they SHOULD
think proper" The charter also distinctly provided,
that whoever shall settle any colony out OF the limits
of the Mandates i.lsnd shall be obliged 10 satisfy the
indians for the land they shGll settle upon" The pa
troons and colonsts were likewise enjoined TO mako
prompt provision for the support IL " Minister AMI
Sehoomaser that thus The service Of God and zeal for
religion may not grow cod, and be neglected among
thCm and that they do, tor the irst, procure Com
for,er q the Sick there Each separate colony might
GppOlt deputy, 10 confer upon its affairs w,fh the
UiffgfdT bL1 Council 81 NeN'NNtnerlanl, anu every
colony wa specially required % make an annual AMI
sxAst frpoft Il ts sIsti0n 10 the authorities nj Man.
bstsI, usn'Iniseion 70 tie company az Amsterdam.
Eaeh were tie chief features OF the West India Com.
pony sGOgs u Freedoms AMI Exemptions
for The agricultural colonization Of its American PROV
nee But spirit Of that charter adverse 20 the
True Interests Of the province, aud Its effects
vi citing and unhappy. IL encouraged the transfer ~
NJ" hehersnd OF some OF the most Questionable sle-
mcnts In the modified ieudalism Of the Fstberland II
Offer ed the most attractive inducements TO the ambition
oi stockholders OF the company, in the peculiar priv
egos which were 10 be enjoyed by the patoons OF sepa
rate colonies: ard Il sought TO allure coloniss 10 em
CRATE under such PATRONS, by promising % them alone,
n ten ycErs exemption from taxation. While IL con
teirod enormous specific powers these PATRONS IL
carefully recognized the universal commercial monop-
oily OF the company; aud 10 aimed Mt maintaining
questioIed political supremacy, by requiring annual
reports OF the condition OF each subordinate colony
be made 10 the director and council at Manhattan IL
prohibited colonial manufactures under penalty Of ban
shmenf and restrained colonial commerce by the threat
Of cophscI'op. 7, pledged the company TO qualified
support OF the slave trade
Yet notwithstanding all the blemishes by which tbs
seshness OF monopoly deiaced the charter, srll bad
mapy redeering features 1t solennly recognized the
rghie Of the aboriginal red man. and secured him salts
faction fcr his land IL invited the emigration Of nde
pendent farmers, by promsing 70 every one home
stead Itprovded the good government of all the sub
ordinate colonies and for the night OF appeal from the
anoris courts IL promised protection and defenseto
all the colonists and II encouraged religion and
learning. by eujoning the support OF churches anu
schoos
The introduction OF the feudal system into New Nots
erand, the unfortunate result OF the charter
OF exemptions. In the iotherland, the industrial spirit
Of sefrelyngng and liberty loving people hal shorn
ieudasm OF many Of ito worst attributes and prscu-
cally there was perhspe now, more popular freedom
In Holland than in England or In any other country
in the Old World But there u always danger In DELE
eating political powers and the danger increases me
gazing the exercises Of those powers Is removed rom
tie fountain OF authority. Feu1IltHi, Wuttu
IN Holland made TO bow before the spirit OF
PEOPLE long accustomed 10 selfgovernmenf hal isss
restraint in the distant Province which was tseb who'
" under the arbitrary rule OF commercial corpora
ton The free spirit of the Neither lander went WIN
him, indeed, 10 ms new home across the sea- But rs
political freedom was lees there, than In the Ia
thernnd. II was only by degrees and after constant
struggles against tho oppressive Colonial Government,
thai the people OF New Nethersnd worked their way 10
some OF those franchises which their countrnen were
eljOypg at home. The colonists under III. PATRONS