Muscatine journal. [volume] (Bloomington, Iowa) 1849-185?, 1853-12-16


ascln.G Fer IavTe fal account Of this tranaactio
and rnJ vewG in regard il, refer 10 d correspoac
enee hetBeen The Charge hfairee Of Austria and u
secretary OF State, which is herp~th transmittco
Ihe principles and policy therein msntained on III
Part ot the United States viii, whenever proDer Q,
essian occurs, be applied and enforced.
lhe condition Of China at this tiu renders It pro
paSie that some important changes will occur iu tha
vast empire, which will lead to mere r1,tstrie;ed in
erccrrse with it. The Commissioner 70 that couatr
who has tecn recently appointed is nsrgstei to aval
himself Of all occssioss Gren and exseDd cur com
nefciei relations, not oniy with h9 empire oi China
but with olher Asiatic nations.
In 1902 an expedition was sent to Japan under tn
command OF Commoaore Perry, for tho Purpose o
opening ccmmerciai intercourse with that empire
has been received Of his arrival there AM
ot h's having mads known TO the Emperor Of JapaI
the object of his visit bat 1t is no yet asgcrtaanet
/ bow Tar the Emperor will be disposed to ahaadon hi
restrictive policy and cpea that papulous country
eommerciai intercourse with che United States.
ls BaJ BEN my earnest desire 10 maintain friendly
intercourse with The governments upon this continent
ana t. AID them IN preserving good understandable
among tLemselYs With NJ xiec, dispute has ar 8 n
as TO tie rue boundary between tho IorrtJry of New
/ Mexico and tho Mexican State Chihuahua. A former
commissioner of the United ststes employed in ,ua
Eing that line pursuant to the treaty of uaudaloupe
Hidalso, made serious mistake In determining II e
ipitsi pOiat the Rio drsnde, but inasmuch as his
decision was clearly departure from tho directions
fortrsng the boundary, contained in that treaty, an
was ES concurrcd in by the SlrycySr appointed en-
the part eff the United States whose concurrence was
necessary to give validity 10 that dccision this govern
lnent is not concluded thereby. But that Of Mexico
takes different view OF the subject
There are so other gu: stions Of considerable
nitute pending between the two republics. Our min
lister Mexico has ample instructions 10 adjust them
Negotiations have besn opened, but sufficient progress
mas not been made thtrein toenabs speak VI the
probable result. Impressed with the Importance Of
maintaining aricas bic relations with that R.pabIe
and yielding ioerally to all just claims, it is
Ole TO expect that an arrangement mutually sasfac
tory to both ccultries may be concluded, ana asing
friendship bstgeen them confirmed and pgrpetuGtei.
Congress having provided for full mission to the
States OF Csntral America, N1ter was sent thither
IN July last As yet be has had time visit only one
of the States Nicaragua here he was Ceyed In the
most friendly mannr. It i hopsd that his presence
and good Offices viii have benign effect in composing
tho dlssensions which prevail among them, in estab
fishing still mora intimate and friendly relations be-
tween them resi- eoyey apd between each Of them and
the Uaitsd States.
Considering the vast regions Of this sentiment, and
the number or states which wsu4 be made accessible
~ the free navigation of tho Anezu particular at
testi1n has been given the subject Brazf through
Whose territories it passes into the ocean, has hitherto
persisted In policy resrietivs in regard 30 the use
Of the river, as to 0hsrs and nearly exclude foreign
commercial intercourse with the States which lie upon
its tributaries and upper branches Our Minister to
that col.try sinsrucei 10 obtain relaxation OF that
policy, and 10 his efforts induce the Brazilian
government to open 70 commerce. under proper safe
guards this great national highway for International
trade. Several Of tbs South Am ,ricsn S ates are
deeply interested in tas attempt {, secure the free
navigation Of the Amazon, and it rsasen b.a to ez-
pect their cooperation in the measure.
a. the advantages eff free ccmuerctl intcTcontse
among nations are better understood IN re literal
views are entertained as 10 ho coumon risats Of all
to the free uSe OF thoss means which has pro
Fided for International communication. To thssa
moral liberal and enlightened Yi.ws Il is hoped that
Brazil will conform in her policy, and remove all ua
rsserses 80 many States, and 80 large portion Of the
eons'nl nt am hsppy TO inform yau that ths Re-
pubic OF Paraguay and the Argentine Confederation
have yielded to Tho liberal policy, still resisted
ty Brazi, IN regard to The rsvigRhie riva:s wthio
1air rcspaSy - ttrEitaEies. iFglfls sg45tasiis this
Jsct among 9hrs, have D.aD es3tiateA with taese
Eo7errmsrts which w!L &c sabG...la 10 "a. Senate ~
the present. session.
A now branch Of commerce, important to the agr;-
cultural interest Of the United ssats, has within
70 years past been opened Wita Peru. Notwthst.nd
ing the i5io depOsiJes of guauo upon tte
islands OF that country, canaidela able dhsulty has
beSn encountered n securing rore abundant iIHpor
tstcn Of the article. fortunately there has been
serious collision between our ctZyrs, wEo hare
sort to the ChiHeha ISLANDS for IL and the Peruvian
snthoriias static net the.e. Retre for the cursgss
cJmmittsi hy the later vas promptly demanded by
our Minister at Lima. This subjec. is nov under
nidoraton, and there is TO bsieye taat Peru
is disposed TO Offer I'D 2uate Indemnity to The az
gTisvei parties.
we are thus not only at peace with all foreign
countries, bat in regard TO political aars exempt
from any OF serious disqVieUte in eur dsluess
relations The contro esies which have agitatd the
country hefetotor ac passing away with the causes
which produced them, na the passions which they have
er, aTy trace Of them remains, il may
be reasonably hnp iaPt t Hill quickly be rccivel
IA the jealous rivalry It t good citiz ms TO testify
ths rcsFe.t fcr the rights of the States, Gzd their
deggtien t0'ths Uni n ard their common dstermina-
tcn hat.rach one Of the Sta;e, It's institutions il
welfare, and Us domestic peace, shall he held alike
secure under the sacred a ;is OF ths Constitution
This new league of smiy, Of mutual conf encs and
support, into which the people OF the Republic have
entered happily affords inducements and Opportunity
for the aloI ton OF comprehensive ard un2n-
harrasset line OF policy ard seton, to the great
ma,criai interests of tbs country, whether regarded
ia themselves, or in common With tie pw OF the
civilized NU,d.
Ihs United States havs coatnued gradually to ex-
pand thei acquisitions of territory, Which, how much
sosver solss If them may have been questioned are
now ucTeTsa',y and admitted 10 have been wise
IN policy Just in Character and great aivanc lnent
of cur country, snd with it, ef tho human race in
freedom, in prosperity, and in happiness. The Thr-
teen s,as,s have grown to Thirty one, With relations
reaching TO EusoI the enc side and on the other
to the distant regions # Asia.
/ aln deeply sensible OF the Immense responsibility /
shicb the prssnt uagn lu3a ef the Republic, and the
diversity ard multiplicity Of its interests deyove upon
me, the aieYi.tion Of Wach Far relates 10 tbs
immediate eoniuc. Of the public basiness, is first ia
my reliance the wisdom and the patriotism Cf the
two Hoasas Of Congress- ard secondly in the directions
sford5 by the principles Of public polity affirmed
by Fathers of the epoch Of 1859, sanctioned ty
long experiences and eirsecrated anew By the over
whining yciea OF the psopls Of he United sta:es
Recurriag % these principles whlch ooa5t;ata the /
organic basis Of aligr perceive that vas. rs the
functions ani duties OF The FEDERAL Government vest
in, entrusted TO- is thres great departments leg
s.aiye, executive s1d judicial &c. the substantive
power the poppar foIce and The large capacities for
sosia ana ms5ral development, exist in ths respec-
tiFo States which, AL being Of themselves wt c,asti-
Iutel republic, they pres2dsl, they alone are
capable Of maintanng ard pcEpetua;iDg, the AmeTi-
can Union. fAo Federal G3yerament has its arpro-
pirate limo OF action in the epecfc ana limited powers
conferred en- 1t by The Constitution clieay as To these
thirgs in which ttc Ststss have common interest is
taeir relations 10 aaeher, aud 10 foreign s.yern
nsnts while the great mass OF interests which he'ong
to cultivated men The er r.naTy business of ife the
springs Of Industry all the diversified perssnal ard
domestic sta.s of socisy; rest securely upon the gu
era. reserved powers a the people o the yera States
raera Is the tffs,tiye Democracy Of the nation and
there the vital essence Of is bling asd grea noss.
OF the practical consequences which fiow from the
nature of the Feaers Goyernmen the primary enc is
the duty Of administering with integrity and lcty
tie high trust rsposei in IL by the Constitution, espe
ciaIly in ths application Of the Publ, Fund.- as
drawn by taxation from the people, and appropriated
to specific objects by Congress. Happily have no |
to sasgest sny rldieal changes in tho lan
eiai policy OF the Govsrnmont. 0lrs is amsst if not
abolatey, the solitary power Of Christsniom having
= surplus revenue, dawn Immediately from impos.s
on commerce, ard therefore measured BIZ tie spsnta-
enterprise and national prosperity ef the caua-