The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-08-10

sud mary species dsaticsi with the psas OF tho upper
vicinity. This difference In the fossl psuts Il tue dit
fseps tfnta OF coal ID ths which to be CON
stant ia ali localities where have had say opportunity
for observation, it rs fGst Of considerable gso!csic ia
teest end la portesce and esrcsSly ut THIS tins
shen ne are tasting 10 dGasart wsIs Gas old cassaes
ton Of geology l5s79 IS peths3s Eeison why ptas
thooia rot ne a oiagaacastc q eua'a a. Ssi nt
iossiis. Although hithsrto thsFe hiss been stnost
eot 50 detesHios the place Of diGereat speoss 0.
plants IN tbs csraoues sou, i has 5cen eoasase
Carrying the Inquiry Tar enough vhsn 1t - faaad thst
the specie occurs some shsse Within tie limits o. shs
inmesss system - yell. n. SC.
Tie mot striking pesRllArlss Of she fossil Cora 81
pcrhern 0bio-asits dom the Of part'c rAe
fpeees-eons,sts In the pEepooostsn Of spseaoge ~
celames ssiisria and lepiioliodGdra, o. wkoa thoro
et least Dozen species each with the shandAaas OF
,epcophloros tregonscsIron. These fossil plsnss ave
generally preserved in sTest hesuy and Pegcc on GA
the SsLcs o1es they t.e compressed. sud aoir ex
teInsi chsrecteTs given With groas tasa Naa9 on tAs
shass the forms EoprsseS,sd ia haeS a "a dove
oolored Rtosrd. their nervation AID fvQaezty Ao1s
modification beautifully 6istirct
/ an important fsot noticed u TVS r2ncr WAS inc
presence Of the fossil psaronius, Nhca Il i settled is
peculiar e the upper surface az LID cAal FORMATION.
It has not been known whether the coal nie1sines
Of Ohio were deep, many snppoans THAT tho ooal
he'd been swept away, aRd that We might have but
small deposits remaining The existence of this
fossil u Athens county, which is IN she southeastern
portion OF the State, on the OnoTiyeT indicates "a -
tue deposits cfcoai ii the state orc very deep.
The next paper was con the Repatriation of the
Toad and Frog, without the intermediate stage of
Isdpole. BY DR.. w. j. Burnett, OF Boston"
From tbs aoys o. the esEer nst1ralists there have
en observed rheacm9na Ia tho reproduction Of toads
and rers which wo auouaIous ana dacult Of explsns
ton. 10th shaw and Ray, 81 wen rs many Others,
noticed Leee animals sppestisg under cond Ions IN whch
their birth and early period Of life in water sesed quito
impossible Yhey, thefelore, sttemped 70 expaia this
pecuIinity By surprising tina. these snmas were soue
umes vivipsr0u.. Guits recently the subject has ct
aGcted some attsssou il EUpsnd, and IL. Lowe has
stated fect which would ahow that the observation
cada at last msy be produced without the Iarysi tsa
pole state NJ JsDyns has also confirmed these views
II i scil known that the commsn mode Of reproduction
the breeoirg fcsson xhere the eggs laid which are
soon patched irto C 6sh Like sniGsltbe tadpoie Ths
animal breashs by gills, and its whole life welt
many rarts O s structure correspond closely with those
Of fishes Here the eXtCemtes tho hicd and legs,
are developed the tai il dropped and the animal ia
a frog toad, ready ard capable Of terrestrial lite,
hYeatheg b. lungs and capable Of ocomotica Tho whole
structure o. or special parts OF these animals does
not seit OF their vvipariy sno the eggs in All instances
must be fertzsd out OF the body Such tbs general
relations q The Now it Is veil known that sads
myEsdso Of little toeds appearing all az ones Guo whore
t.ere Ia wEer accessible. have also observed them
boarded u AID which weIa removed - mites from ANY
fresh water. This spring. ia fact genleWnns gatdea
Boston isd with them that he could scarce
y walk about and nsW brood which was just appear
ipg carefully examined The little tea1s wora small
tbAt they could scarcely hop, and vert evidently onys
few days old II could not 10 possible st thsY should
have come from AIRY water the nearest or which
than mis- on. Moro careful examination showed
that they must have been bed IN the hank wA Of the
house for this 6ed with holes out Of which the old
ones went and csue. Here, therefore tLsas animals
produced without water, and without, OF COURSE
the tecIolc gil breathing stage IAe eggs must have
been hatched in damp earth, and the little animals
which sof course when born were OF a tsdpole form,
respiration By lurgs instead Of by es this is
would appear regard as one Of the most remarkable
phenomena Hairted with in natlre. That from
nero circumstantal contingencies animal apo
from the conditions of its arva state b2byhood AID
p, - ,no ss the saq Is mot o.
ductioa Of the four legs with the tadpoe by which, with
the loss Of the TAIL the freq formed belongs solely to
simple deyeiopementsl processes-in other words, the
iees to speak of the perfect frog is contained COM
pete in the t4drole, and these parts exist In
rudimoatory form exactly as al the parts Of butterfly
are pzeent in primitive in the caterpillar. The
cor ditons therefore, OF tie char OF tadpoe to
ali hs laws Of the embryonic s1Sio.i sr1csrs Of ths
taess Bso it cannot for moment be supposed
that these teads are truly OF the adult form when born
but that they true tadpoes exactly though to live
in water for although ratu,e is prophetic in her types
she is not prophetic of the contingencies of crcuu
tadpoe to the toad would involve of the internal
organs Of the highest theological inte,eshc dispens
ing with the g,l,s and the immediate performance Of
the respiratory function Of he lungs, organs which
have to be deysi Fed IN part ct the same time hen
the sudden pushi1g out Of the legs. ! am satisfied
therefore, that the SUBJECT when fully Investigated will
throw new light the condition Of the deveopsment Of
organs ard ports, and unless the data have given nre
incorrect it is Of ls importance in PHI Biological
sceree Arrests Of deyelopement with animals moi
uHcommop they are the Cause OF most OF the mon
6troctes observe, rasy here mention that His
ainbotom OF Eogsnd las succeeded in preventing the
d,yeofement Of The isdpo!e into the log Iy kespns
adverse 10 ose - cr-nsry Ito. n th's way these
dreles insy DO preserved as SUCH an ndeine iengtn
ot time. But ihs huTryirg OF the deyeope mental pre-
csss In nature is as rensiAabe as II has hitherto been
considered in possible.
Here follows handsome paper by Or. Burnett,
showing some Of the pecuarties in gernnatiyc life:
"On the Specification OF Cell Segmentaton.
By Dr. W. j. Burnett, Of Boston
II is pleasant 20 Dger on tho confines which separate
I iDcFr wgftr--fO
tine 10 TIME that slncst unGxpoTed ard unoxploable
regicn wht.e alyduai existence begins ~ be present
Ct what may be oast TO marriage OF life and matter,
ard 20 bc speca Of thoe preparatory ceremonies OF
rsuIe .hch wait upon tae introduction 81 new being
Of cells the pIiuordia Of all organization, are nov
pretty we'll determined in physiology. They the
simple single form Of building material out OF which
the fabrics organization have their pgoAimate origin
ard thsr ns eToFth. Beautiful, therefore, Is well as
important Is TIE full appreciation that his single sim
ple bc6y the final expression of all that which lives
owes and thinks that beauty which we wosship acd
intellect which We adire il al pIo4imatyey Connected
with Tie growth and use Of cells. The ovum, out OF
which ell Individual life arises, is morphologcay only
cell for, have traced its origin in the ovares Of in
sects it aries as cell and after maintains It's
general cell fern a.hough It may ultimately be com
posed Of cells Its vitsu corresponds to the
cell membrane, its eermnatiye yes.ce to the nucleus,
and its gerTniraye at tie nnceoius The oTum, there
fo1e is in NOR biological point Of vlew Only nucleo-
tated cell Physiolcglcaly it 49, OF course, something
higher, since IL the potential representative OF the
female for the production OF beng. The processes
therefore, which belong 70 the are truly cell pro.
os far as ell their material expressions are con-
cerred. This point Is worthy CT remembrance for II ad
dresses that underlying harmony and unity IN nature,
after which tie hnrnsn reason is always seeking
an intuition. The processes which the fertisad
undefgoes just previous 20 tho Gsnte expression OF
| the iarts of the coming animal, as follows =
The yiteus, together With its gsrninatiye vssce d.
vices into two parts which nkewise spheres. Zach
of these divided parts again divides in ike manner and
this 6ichotonous mcde Ct subdivision continues until
the cog has become mu berry like Out Of this
mass rather ~ first ~ is formed the Tst traces OF
tie teag ard the WI le substance is gradually used
a.-h "a @BEHIg zY1rn
cess OF augmentation with all preparatory to
the formation Of the embryo, whether those ora arc
fiom tie highest tho lowest animals. Viewed NOR
pbolceicsv il appears 20 te the mode Of working
Or tneadn taw materials that they can be converted
into special living form. The question nov aries
WI Ell Interpretation should be put this peculiar phe-
r,menon. is II lie exclusive sequea Of iuprcs.ssrvl
or Is i OILY indication OF yisshty seeking its indiyi
dual ezpIes ION In cell studies, more less extend
ed one viii meet With his same phenomenon in sim
p.o Isolated cells. Thus lave not subsequently ob
feryed ephetlce cells multiply in this way by dioho