New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-02-25
TURKEY.

tine Moatcnegric--The Druyes o. Syrta-
Paeiciis Of Hagisd-Heiy Places is Pal
e.tsnc-steam Nayi.aiion Of the BospAs.
rns-Disssiaties OF the Baaa OF Exshaase.
cos~.sosaross ~ ne A. \. TrSase
CoSsrANrtSoFLN Friday. January ~ 1855
During the reign Of she present Sultan ADD
rsv sid the reforms aud Innovations commenced by
hs sashcr- Nshnosi H. have been vigorously ccusin-
ue.A mil v-shia couple Of years past. hwoali ~
pear that these refSr0s commenced In the mad q
Suia, scim M. who iss0wed the fate ef many u
his pr,lecessors and VS., destroyed BY the Jsnssars
I, is improbable shss during several Of she pre-
oedins -syus, the satSns ND higher o,ieers of the
Empire hsd been convncei OF the snpneticaetl'ty
which eNNssd Of etksr improving the c>odifou ~ the
Empire or d carrying on iss GovernmeS In constant
conflict wiz trs real masters, she Jsntesrses. kay
measure uuyssable to rsem LEFT oJaer ehoce Ia tho
hsud the Scssan than tbs MS Csnd War
frSt Minister ct other ct the d,rnsriss OF the Gov
erurneut In sykey. sac6es OF Sinister did not s,s
usy what 70 now does, what Il tsrmcrly raeant in
other parts of Europe Ito niesDtng literally thu
death Of the unpopular NiSr and thit tor the pasposc
of saving the life az the Soveg~yn. May Grand vurs
met with this fair; snd yet ether individuals rushed
forward oil up the vacancy, with dcesh IS eerSiny.
in prospective Nod satisfied with one ssrrirce or sifh
its uaSuitudethe grants OF lvkey clanaS the lido o<
the sultan snd this rhns continued until there
remained 20 the throne, snd Sultan MSh.
uloud n the s1e OF his race Tais Isolated post
10 commence the measures OF reicrm. the necessity II
which had long been sppsrent 60 hs IA istsl prciscs
sors bur which they could not carry into ssteSL
When il Is recollected bow many geperaon. psssei
over before England, France and GERMANY becsme
cnsncpatcd from The ~ amy ot their obsolete Sose
esns no surprise viii be set ~ the slow steps % Tar
kew where education Was 50 much les advanced
There also civilization hos u times stood s iniecd
did not retrogrsde Turkey Is struggling through
her Middle Age" and is, yet, but hts farther al
vanced than Europe was In the 18th centnFy
sultan Mahrnosd conduc,od his own retorniA aud
msde gigantic steps lie own genius led the van. aud
hurried his people onward. withou, giving them time
for receiving the conviction OF the utility u the innosa
tons which he with absolute power. forced upon thsm
The success which these tocad, would 60 far toward
showing that the strong hand OF power the best per.
suadex u ignorant people destitute OF the means
self instruction Like Peter tho Great his own convc
ton suced for whole nation, aud 80 long as his sptrt
lowered over its work IL maintained ts ground and
never retrocedsd When the present SULTAN. Abdsl
Maid ascended the throne. he was quite young. and
those 81 his subj who assumed the direction VI the
Government were meu OF the old ochool-men who
have conviction OF the utility OF the reforms OF hD
father and though from respect for hose Powers OF Es
rope whose former support The future existence OF
the Empire depended they did rot venture TO restore
the old order Of things civilization received check
under their spsthetic hands soon, however. Tiers
grew up another set Of public functonaei who bel,ev
ed In the necessity of sdhesng to those saaary changes
the chief of the future prosperity OF the In"
pire With the best and most heightened intentions.
the past history and treaty alliances OF Turkey. appear
ed her chief obstacle TO their sdvaneement Daring
that period when her wsrike SoVereigns led the bar
barous Janisssres 10 tile conquest aud subecSon os
Christian Lands IL became necessary for the Soverssa
OF the latter to preserve their SUBJECTS dwehng IN
Turkey from the lot OF degradation and oppression
under which their ess fortunate corelgonists sroa ed
under Mussuman rule They retained all jaris.ienon
over their own subjects In Turkey; they Prcsefvd
them from all taxation whatever while there and
maintained for them privileges which only ignorance Of
their rights led the Ottoman Sovereign 20 grant, Mus
sulman law IL honestly administered would be a. good
tia fafth he mo lust
rope but under absolute Governments, Law and JUS
tce easily become corrupt and cannot 10 deniadth
this and the luminosity which NILS the breast u every
MonAmedan agsinst all Christians, rendered ths self
necessary. That necessity now no longer
exists or at most In smore inteddegree tho ottoman
Government has made marked steps toward nnprovs.
me Ut and emancipation from former barbarian, and
POSSESSES claims upon the justice oil other uovefo'
mcnts Treaties made under other crcnmstanccs.
might certainly now be annuled rsise. what co
coirsgeinent has the Ottoman Cover 10 continue
la the path OF European and Christian Civilization,
must ever be bound by the ties OF former barbar
ismi England and France,-especsly the ormer. CON
santy prosch the doctrine Of the necessity Of maintain
ing the integrity Of the Ottoman Empire something
deeply essential to the peace and prosperity OF Europe
each strives to maintain the dependence OF Turkey
upon her counensnce and support and nothing oxctes
great alarm In either VI these two great 20
the appearance vi desire 20 act with national nde
Pendence Each strives, rs In former ages 10 prov
influence over the other; and when diplomacy falls 10
maintain this position, appeal readily made to force
England and France have thrown down tho gauntlet to
Russia and Turkey the where they meet ~ ry
their skill II not their power Toe struggle Tor supss
orty between these great Powers OF Europe leaves
ample scope for the silent and uicious lsbors OF
Russia who, by the aid Of the Greek religion fast un
dermniDg the Influence Of Prot slant England and Cath
ole France. The struggle must eventually come. and,
Turkey IA not then la the enjoyment OF the national
integrity ard independence desired for her by hsr
friends. she must naturally fall Victim ~ her unnat
uTai foes.
Among the different Chrsan people subj sc,ed In for
mer days, TO Ottoman rule are the Montenegro whose
small country situated ON ne eastern side OF tho Adm
attic Sea or Gulf Is surrounded by Austrian rs well ~
Turkish possessions Among the elements OF weakness
In Turkey Is that Of the numerous tribes OF different
nationaues aud faiths. The two Danublan Principal
ties OF Wallaehis and Moldays are descendants OF an
cient Rsmsn Colonies and their inhabitants profess The
Greek faith seryia Is also Greek bat OF Sclayio origin
Bulgaria V Of Greek fifth but VI Tartar origin. The
Bosnisns Scsvc, andthe Albansns though strange
mixture Of creeds mostly OF The Greek faith The
Mouteneg rns all of this faith AMI Of scsyc origin.
and therefore, meet With support from the people Of
Serbia and from Tho Emperor OF Russia the Official head
of the Greek Church lisa position assumed by each
Of these subjected Nsdonsites tina, they viii pay ale
glance TO the Ottoman Government only long - they
are compelled ~ do by active force that they ara
not subject the Sultan from choice, and that whsn
they able TO regsin their independence. they
may do 40 This natural right. that no one
Tut the Porto sppesrs disposed TO conieSsis sud tic
one which finds ready sympathy from most people,
especially those OF liberal ideas Ltts Ia known. at
esst has been written the subject Of the history Vi
the MOntenegrns IL not known precisely when they
were reduced By the Turk, or what wa their prece-
dent condition Their subsection has at ell times set
but upconfortsby them and q, M period have they
been positively AZ peace with the Porte Their Chief.
called the Vladka or BIsbop, has administered hsreto
fore both empor and spiritual authority the ls
Community. He has Of lste years been canonizsd ~
the Greek Synod OF 81 Petersburg. and consequently
been under the protection Of the Emperorwhich pro-
lection has never been acknowledged or admitted by
the Porte
The present Chief u sas Monienesr has not wished
20 have Church and stAfe united In his person, and
only eknowledges possession Of he latter. s has
called upon his people 70 MAKE bold stroke Tor In
dependencs OF the sultan and MT with In his
hr.t attack upon the forces Of the Porte Descending
from his mountain home, he attacked and took the ss
fort called Zabjsk on the lake of Seutar The cause
Of this moyeInsnt u said be that another people,
situated between Montenegro and the Herszrgosss
Turkish Provinee) have enjoyed heretofore, certain
rights Of self administration from the OtomsD Govern
uens guaranteed 10 them Ia spulstions made nth tho
I.ta=xla de.ixed