Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-11-05

Of respect and homage paid ~ your Government
his Majesty the Emperor u Russia any other Of the
great Powers o. the world
On tho 2i,h Of January, lsl5, the President
transmitted 20 Congress Message with an abstract
a Treaty between the United States and the
Chinese Empire, concluded at Wang Hiya on the
81 Of July, lsll, and ratified BY the Senate the
10th &C January, lSi5. The said treaty, he stated,
had been ratified BY the Emperor Of China, and
awaited only he exchange Of ratihcations in China,
from which il would be seen that the special mis-
sion authorized by Congress had fully succeeded in
tho accomplishment Of the great objects for which
il appointed, and in placing our relations with
China on a footing, eminently favorable to the
commerce and other interests Of the United States
This Message suggested TO the consideration Of
Congress, in view Of the magnitude and importance
Of our national concerns, actual and prospective, in
China, the expedieney Of providing for the preser
walton aud cultivation a the subsstiug relations Of
amty between the United States aud the Chinese
Government by means Of permanent Minister or
Commissioner, invested with diplomatic functions,
the interests Of the United States called Cor some
representative in China Of higher class than an
ordinary commercial consulate.
The Message also submitted to the consideration
Of Congress the expedency Of making some special
provision by law for the security Of tho independent
and honorable position which the treaty Of Wang
Hiya confcrs citizens Of the United States resd-
ing or doing business IN china
BY the twenty-frst and swenty-6fth articles of the
treaty citisens 81 he United States II China are
=. -,
ers from ne local jurisdiction ~ he Chinese Gor-
enmeat, and madc ame,,aJie 10 Ne lars and
subject 10 the arisicfioa Of NE appropriate oHtori-
lies Of The United States aloac.
The following is an abstract Of other portions Of
the Treaty:
Article provides that citizens Of the United States
shall pay no other duties or charges than those pre-
scrbed in the tariff annexed 10 the treaty aud that the
United States shall participate In any future concession
granted to other nations in China.
Article provides for the admission Of citizens Of the
Emitted States at the Eve ports Of kwang Chow iya
Nun, Fu-chOw, Nng-po, and Shanghai.
Article provides for the reception Of Consuls and
other officers Of the United States in the i've ports
Article provides for citizens OF the United States to
import and sell buy and export all Of merehan
disc at the five ports.
Article IS abolishes the hong and other monOpoes and
restrictions on trade In China
Article G provides for the collection Of debts due from
Chinese TO Americans, or rice rsrsa, SO,
Article II provides for the residence Of citizens 81 the
United States and construction by them Of dwellings
storehouses, churches, SC
Article Is empowers citizens Of the United States freely
to employ teachers AMI 10 purchase books 10 China.
Article . provides for the Of assuring the per-
sona security Of citizens Of the United States In China
r. ~.
from local jurisdiction, civil an Criminsl Is above
stated.
Article - provides that merchant may freely
carry on commerce between the Eve ports and any coua
try with which China may be At war
Article 2G provides for the police and security Of
chant-vessels Of the United States in China, &c.
Article - provides for the safety and protection o.
sells Of Of the United States wrecked the
driven by Of weather otherwise into any
the ports Of China.
Article % provides that citizens o. the United States
their vessels and property, shall he subject 10 any
embargo, detention, other mOlestation in China.
Article 80 provides that ships Of war Of the United
States and the officers Of the same shall be Hospitality
received and entertained at each Of the ave ports
Article "a provides that the treaty shall Nc in force for
twelve years longer 1t the option Of the Govern
ments.
| As was remarked in letter of Mr.. CUSHING to
Mr. CALHOUN, dated Goth September, 1914, nothing
correspondent to our law Of nations j. recognised or
understood in China. When Commodore Huron
visited China, in l74l, the Chinese claimed 10 ap-
ply the municipal law TO the Centurion, as they
have repeatedly since then sought to do in Of
other ships Of war, those Of the United States a.
well as Europe In the progress Of late events We
have seen the Chinese Government subject a dplo-
matte -cn Of Great Britain to personal restraint,
and undertake to restrain the Consuls Of ~ foreign
Powers in order to enforce the submission Of the
subjects Of one Power By the Treaty of the
United States with China the laws Of the Union
follow its citizens, and its banner protects them
even within the domains Of the Chinese Empire
As the twelve years to which the Treaty was
limited are approaching their term, We give the
above abstract, with the accompanying brief re-
marks, to show what our relations are with the
Celestial Empire, and that an important Gcld q
labor and responsibility awaits the arrival Of our new
Commissioner on the shores Of China
Es5" We bespcak the readers attention 10 the