The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-11-28
THE QUESTION IN FRANCE.

J
This manifesto the Cars, published in the He >
RAID on Friday will not deceive anybody 10 dc :
claring that the Ottoman Porte has violated treaties
and that by It's offences it has provoked hostities
appears to forget that it speaks to the whole world
which knows the facts, ana which has Judged them
in the name OF justice law and civilization. We ard
ASSURED moreover, that the manifesto is Dnceiyek
in a spirit TO prone the nenfion a.ir buted to Rus
s,a, TO carry tcar OF ertermsnats on ag l,nstk
Turkey TO De correct.
ltrom the aasrts Constitutionnel Nov. 10l
'. ~-n It waB announced that Omer Pasha decided
TO cross the Danube, competent judges cried out
against the rashness If such STEP IL is difficult I'd
ascertain the precise motives which led him TO adopt
that resolution, but it Is certain that what ne has
done Is the best proof Of the confidence OF the Turk
ish commander in the courage and military resources
of his army 1t may also be supp ed that he reck
oned il not the peration At least on the friend
ly feeling OF the Walachan population, now tired
of the Russian domination. General Gortschakoh, q
may be remembered thought it necessary to Droclain
the state of siege ia the countries which lie occupies
and we learn from good source that The General
having desired to incorporate the Waliachian mi
litia IN his army, has met with the most deter
mined opposition, Many young men Of the hes
families, and who had constantly remained apar
from all insurrec,iop8l movements, have refused
to take up arms against the independence Of thei
country, and have taken refuge in the mountains
where Omer Pasha has sent them arms ADD ammu
milton. General Gortachalof had lot quite Blu
charest the Sd INST. 1t may be supposed that bd
is ende avoriDg to establish communication with
who has placed bodies in echelJa as far - Slatns
II cannot be known il the check of &c erai Perio
will induce him to attempt an attack on Oltealtza
or to effect without delay the concentration Of Ii
troops. But it appears certain that the Turks held
in their power all the pas sages of the DauuCe, frou
Widin to Silistr.a. 1t is evident that hosttea
have seriously commenced between 5be TURKS and
the Russians. Whatever may be the trush respect
ing the skirmish Of Isaktch, the details of which
lot yet known ii il clear that regular 9erlton
have placed The two begerent Dariiss IN pre- sence
and hence ia to the ground the runors o. armstiot
and negotiation which had been circuta ed for some
days, and which events haye now ccnsradicted
The Ottoman army has had the good for
tune to open the campaign by D Success
No doubt the affair of Olten.tza does noe engage
the future End no one cam without temsriiy, predc
the issue OF the struggle, in which the good rgut re
ssts an unjust aggression. Bat assuredy, IN IN OF
fensive var, successful days operations is some
thing. Turkey has grown in the esteea OF civilized
Europe since she has been to rise with lesouto
in the face Of peril aud to preserve, il the midst o.
such grave conjunctures, her firmness and modera
ton. She has determined that the war should 40
become either anstical or revolutionary: and will
that Coubie view she has shown herself admirably
tolerant towards these Christian populations which
she was accused of expressing SIZE has refused the
offers made her by the numerous refugees who
placed their words at her service ony 10 satiat
their own raj COR and she has known how TO main
tain the truly national character which ought to be-
long to this var Of independence. The loyalty o.
her coIdact las been on level with the energy oil
her resolutions An honest and just cause could moi
be defended With more perseverance AID wisdom
II, as we believe an honorable peace is at the end
the struggle which now commences, the Ottoman
nation regenerated by civilization viii have proved
that she is worthy OF preserving her place among the
European nations.
[srom the Paris Peys, Nv. lOl
Under the present circumstances, there is for Eu
rope for the powers engaged, and for diplomacy only
enc considerable interest to protect and oae to per
form This interest is that of European peace-thi
duty Is that Of preventing war from extending be-
fhat r.ftS r,,ct.e
great modern nations. 1t must be admitted tha
Turkey, whose conduct from the very outset OF thi
deporabe conflict so yisiby contrasts with that o
Russia, has acted IL manner to locaze aud ns.ion
aize the struggle which Is imposed Oh her by circum
stances, and by the defen C OF her honor and he
rights. While Russia SO imprudently excited tho
fanahcism OF her subjects, aud preached up kind
crusade in favor OF the orthodox faith while she
made religion the d3neerou lever OF ner politica
ambition, The Pore supported by q tolerance tn
liberalism Of Which has hing 70 envy in the mos
civilized cations. carefully a2olded, in al It's acts
in I'll is procamations making any ap zeal 10 thoH
religious anpathies when it would have been q
easy TO aron Q IN the miucs OF The Mus5u
man population. 1t did not declare a holy war
it did Dot host the stan lard u ,he Prophet II
protected with equa zeal al 8 Christian subjects
aud ~ that vey mo Grafton preserved TO the ques
ton its exclusively political chara ter. 4 religion
struggle might have disturbed Europe, and have
made IL take par in the difference which existed
between the Courts of ST. Petersburg and of Conf
stantinop'e. Turkey has known how /, avoid thid
danger To the orthodox ardor of the Car il hal
only replied by circumscfibDg the question within
the ground OF treaties of the rights Of nations th
independence of governments, and of international
law. The religion OF the parties concerned, tho
Greek Church and lslamism thus in a manner dis
appear to give place to the nviolab.e authority Of
the principles which constitute the code aud thd|
equilibrium OF civilized nations. Turkey mas avoid
ed another shoal She might have found support id
revolutionary psssions-she might have sou iht aux
liarles among all those exles who look forward
% In hS. ,,rA<1I
for the moment when Europe, involved in the1
agitations of war, should allow them to attem ID
the overthrow of social order. She has had t6e|
good seLse to resist tue solicitations addressed ia
her on this subject Not vithstandng the reci]
tails which have been propsgaed by maleyolence Oh
Ignorance, it is certain that the Porte has not ac-
cepted the services OF any Of the men whose previ-
ous political conduct may have rendered them sus-
pscted of revolutionary ideas it is certain til 1t she
DOW every day refuses offers which come I'D herr
from all parts, and for so doing she more and moreI
meflts me gratitude and the sympathy Of Eurooe.
L is not, Therefore, religious revolutionary war
that the Ottoman Empire main aims 1t il a war of
nationality, undertaken in defence of her comprom-
ked INDEPENDENCE, her sighted sovereignty, and her|
violated territcry In this double point OF view !
Turkey will have With good faith contributed to keep
the struggle within her own territory, and to pre-
serve to it the character Of personal dlfsrence|
with Russia BY thus not involving in too n nedi-
powers, she win have left to che Intervention of Eu-
rope more Independence more disntercs.edpess and
doubtless, also, more efcaciousness, when the mo-
m ut shall have arrived to attempt fresh and 1eci-
sive Efforts to establish more solid bases that
peace which is Necessary to cur societies, scarcely
yet recovered from their long commotious, and
which, for the majority Of the modern states is the
very condition OF their political existence"
THE NEUTRAL PoWERS-AUsTRIA AND
PRUSSIA.
Some semioicial declarations of the pOsit on OF
the two German Powers towards Russia AZ the pre-.
sent crisis have appeared this week. They 'eud to-
wards profession of neutrality, but make some fine
distinctions worth notice.
The Vienna Ltoyd o. Sunday had lie adDg ar,-
Gle on the Oriental question IL IS pointed ont tuat
the unity OF the Western and German Powers is
lase0 on the most natu tal foundation: il il tho inter
est Of all onr to maiu'sin the integrity OF the rurkih
empire. As the Intentions ard plans OF the Emperor
Nicholas have been less favoraby criticeAin France
and England THAI in Prussia and Austria, che first
mentioned Powers have prepared for war; the Ger
States have not thought fit to DO so, hut still
IL 10 a,dr ha .ha ma