Plymouth banner. (Plymouth, Marshall County, Ind.) 1852-1855, 1853-10-20
Whole Number 90.


al rights, koszta had, in Austria. no re-
dress for personal wrongs. and broad he
had no claim 10 protection from the gov
eminent tina; would still hold him as
subject. He was. in regard to Austria.
an outlaw. What right can so7er-
eign have 10 the allegiance of person.
red seed by him te such miserable CON
dilion? 1t seems TO have been the very
object of the Austrian decree to dissolve
the previous political connection between
the unlawful emigrant" and the Empe-
Tor, In koszta's case it was dissolved.
Some importance seems to be attached
TO hoszta's own opinion Of his citizen
ship. The note of Mr.. Hulsemsnn con-
veys the impression, though it does not
contain the express arerment, that he &C
knowledged himself TO be subject OF
the Emperor of Austria. The passage
when closely examined, shows that the
alledged acknowledgment is only an in
ference from undisclosed premises. The
language of the note on the subject is the
following: The very declaration of that
refugee On board of the iiUssar, in the
presence Of the American Consul and the
commander Of the St. Louis, shows
that he still considered himself as sub
ject of the Emperor" The declaration
referred 10 in support of this inference.is
not given, but is undoubtedly the re-
sponse koszta is reported to have made
when interrogated as to his being an
American citizen:-''l am a Hungarian,
VI Il Il ;a f.
Brown, the Charge d 'Affairss Gd interim.
OF the United States at Constantinople,
who was no: III Smyrna at any time du-
rlng tie transaction in relation to koszta,
stated In letter 10 Baron de Bruck,
somethiug like the foregoing declaration;
Out Capt lngraham. who was present. as
Mr. Huisemenn states. when Koszta was
examined. and made the declaration impu-
ted to him. says, IL writing TO the Min
is'er Resident Of the United States:-.'I
am astonished 20 see Mr. Browns letter
that knszta declared himself on our first
interview, Hungarian; did not hear
him say So" 1t may we'll be doubted
whet ther koszta ever used any snch IAN
gusge. Should ii. however. be admitted
that he did make that or similar decla-
ration. it cannot be fairly understood 20
imply an acknowledges that he was
then subject Of the Emperor OF Aus
tria. To apprehcnd rightly y hat he mean,
by such declaration, il is properio con-
slider his situation, his known sentiments
and his antecedenis. In his mind no
two things could probably be more dis
tinct from each other than Austria and
Hungary. One was an object Of his aver
sion. the other an object of his love. His
affections clustered around the land OF
his birth, and were the mere intense be-
cavse hr thought that country had been
cruelty wToEged, anu he knew il was un-
fortunate. In his visions Of the future.
he saw happier destiny for Hungary.-
He saw her standing proudly among the
independent nations of the earth. under
a clement government, emanating from
the viii Of the people. and dedicating iis
constitutional authority 10 their general
welfare. In the fallen condition Of Hun
gary, he thought it would he base 10 dis
own her. and glorious TO claim her as the
land of his birth. His situation when
;his declaration is supposed 20 have been
made. is also to be regarded in interpret
ing his words. He was in the hands Of
Austrian agents, loaded with fetters, and
warned Of his own doom by the knowl-
edge of the sad fate of so many of his un-
fortunate companions. In this fCrlorn
condition he could not have intended, by
the language ascribed to him. TO acknowl-
edge any unbroken lie which then bound
him TO the emperor OF Austria.
The undersigned is brought. by q fair
application of sound principles OF law,
and by a careful consideration OF she facts
to this important con,lusion-that those
who acted in the behalf Of Austria had no
right whatever to sieze and imprison Mar
tin koszta.
1t will be conceded that the civil GU.
thority of Turkey. during the whole Pc
riod Of the occurrences at Smyrna, was
dormant. and in no way called into &C
tion. Under these circumstances-Aus-
tria without any authority--Turkey ex-
ercising none--and the American func-
tionaries. as Austria asserts. having no
right in behalf of their government. to
interfere in the affair. Ia proposition
which will be hereafter contested what.
then, was the condition of the parties at
the commencement of the Outrage, aud
through its whole progress? They were
all, in this view of the csse, without the
immediate presence and controlling di-
rection of civil or international law, In
regard 10 the treatment of koszta. The
Greek hirelings. 'Noszta their victim. and
the Austrian and American agents. were.
upon this supposition. all in the same
condition al Smyrna in respect to rights
and duties, SO far as regards that transac-
tion. as they would have been in if is
had occurred in their presence in some
region. lying far beyond
the confines of any sovereign State what