The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-01-29

" iesso- immons' forthcoming Report-iress of The
eS. The two varieties Of coal the bituminous ana
semi otumnous passing into anthracite are known La
tins coal held The oaninous Il scarcely eluailei for
said By gentleman who is well Acquainted with IIyer
pool coal that II win burn twice long direct com
the assertion has much truth in il l have doubt
The Deep River coal Il, in the first place quito free
gree J, burns freely and forms cake II undsroe
semi fusion. and agglutinates, and forms partially
mleryious hollow cake, within which combustion gosn
on Tor long time When small pile OF 1t Is made upon
the ground, II may be ignted by match and a few dv
leaves sticks 1t may be gned in the blaze Of asu
or candle The coal is, therefore, highly combustitla
sas'ly gned and burns with bright fame like NgAt
wood for long time II may be burnt upon wood ars
may be burnt in the fireplace and il Is not =
many years, in blacksmith's forge, should not havo
used II in their parors instead of green black oak
This coal is adapted TO all the purposes for which -
buminous Goals are specially employed. Thus Tor -
manufacture Of the carburettcd hydrogen for llshSng
will require less expense for furnishing bseause e.
ains so little sulphur, from which suphuretted hydro
gems formed 80 also in the CRATE viii be far las
men, II will furnish large amount OF gas, ana that
which is comparatively pure This advantage L. If
great importance. should also be stated that Il far
nishes an excellent coke which may be used for manu-
featuring purposes and il is left very porus 1t il In
condition to absorb large quantity Of the solutioe AZ
cyanide OF potassium and hence is well adapted to the
work OF reducing the metal 1t is scarcely necessary T.
ada mat II Is admirably adapted to steangs, inasmuch
as s hame is free and durable For forge use IL Ia mot
surpassed BY coal in Market for parlor prntax
IL Is both pleasant, economical and free from dirt
chimney has poor draft it Is liable 70 the obeotion
common TO all Goals OF this kndhe escape of SCOT into
the
tor then which viii give It the highest place the mar
Eet. The localities which have been best exporcd And
where coal OF decided character has been attained
at Hornelsvie and Fsrmyle both in the same neirhbor
hood. The Taylor mine, the Gulf Horton ana tlso
Murchison mines, all furnish bitumnous COAL which
may vary in minor points, yet Is quite similar a.
whole The Horton mine has been used the longest.
was known in the Revolution, and report made Coa
views been carried out which in that
report scarcely tell what the results would have
BEEN not only upon the population of Deep River but
also upon the enterprise Of the State Unjust be noticed
that Ieep river Ia central and in the interior OF oou
try aboundng in iron that navigabe by aid Of esr
tain improvements, that it communicates with tho
ocean and finds market abroad for surplus Of the pre-
ducts OF manufactures and agriculture that use u
market But the time had not come for improving ths
resources of this district They are therefore, reserves
entire for the present and they cannot be negeeteA
longer, unless suicidal State policy is pursued.
but however fine and excellent coal may be- II
cessary that should form extensive beds in order 10
have commercial value.
o. The next question: then OF interest to the COM
munity Is, (or the community is interested much
the owners) viii bear mining and the expenditure of
the necessary capital to take It TO market answer
this question: it is necessary to make calculations
by which we may form some just view of It's quantity.
basis that the coal seams which outcrop from beneath
the sand stones extend beneath them and for what a
extensive with the under and everything nd stonea
This formation Ia known to form belt of rocks from
the States upon which coal has been raised is aboue
twenty miles, But the line of outcrop Of thu
anexplcred slate, which embraces the coal, Il .
least sixty miles within the State, on a line running
south Of west We may tho following data, viz
that the coal beds extend from their northern outcrop
three miles beneath the sandstone which is about one
third their natua extent and that the line of outcrup
upon which coal Is and viii be found Ia thirty miles II
the thickest seam OF coal is worked which has Thick
II nInaiya IF hin hand IF ala tn
give for every square yard of surface two yarA
Of coal square acre has 900 superficial ysrds hnnse
square yard Of coal weighs ton there will b nr
every acre $500 tons of coal. thousand acres WI
s272 900 tons This coal field is known to extend th;rI
miles in the direction of outcrop and to be workable E
breadth of three miles We may, from this data CAL
in this quite limited field II the field covers only .
square miles the lowest estimate to be taken we mag
calculate its value by the following mode
II one hundred tons OF coal taken out daily thirty
thousand tons would be removed annually, reckoning
three hundred working days in the year 1t would e
this rate require three hundred years TO remove
the coal from thousand acres, over two hundred
years to remove that which undcrles square mile Or
eight thousand six hundred to the coal a
forty three miles IT, in estimating the value q
thu coal field, We base calculations upon time they
should satisfy We base them upon quantity they
will warrant the investment of capital In these calcutta
tons we have both time and quantity, and the State, In
encouraging impro, well individuals, may
look forward with confidence on the pcrmanency and
safety in investments in this kind OF property. The
wants of the world with the popula ton-ndeed they
keep ahead Of simple increase of individuals The
quantity TO be removed annually may be nerea sed and
leave The time sufficiently long to satisfy the investment
Of capital the time may be increased by diminishing
the quantity and still the annual profits Of the nvest
ment should satisfy the capitalist But while population
increases at rapid rate the Of the forest for
fuel are diminishing at greater ratio than the simple
increase Of population; therefore, there is way In
which capital can be so safely invested in coal lands
the foregoing calculations correct, they justify
the work which has been undertaken TO improve the ma
vgation Of Deep river 1t is prudent to be cautious in
schemes Of this kind but in this the amount Of pro-
perty beneath the surface in the rocks, upon this
river is enormous it should be dug out and what II costs
to do this will be turning materials and labor Into money
II tie whole enterprise is begun and carried in pro-
per spirit every nook and Of the State, from Cur
rtuck to Buncombe, will feel invgoratng influence
But the calculation to the quantity of coal will pro-
badly far exceed than fall short Of the estimates In the
FIRST place. only part OF the is taken into the calcu
ation and then in assuming the thickness of the princ
minimum thickness. II will rather increase than dnai
nish This view of the matter is supported by observa
ton q as the slopes have been carried along the dip.
there's been perceptibe increase already. II is ala0
to be considered that at the outcrop. when vegetable
matter forming the coal Is only upon the outer vein u
may suppose that in the middle only of coal basin do
obtain the maximum thickness. Thus of the coaa
seams in the Richmond basin Is forty feet thick. The
Deer river beds not having been broken up wing
suffered uplft through the middle Of its trough or
ba sin exhibits nowhere the surface an outcrop of
coal except upon the rim outer edge of the basin
Al penetrate into it, have grounds which justify
the view that the seams will increase steadily in thic
the slope penetrates into the basin towards the
centre and then the which appear only upon
the outer rim will tbcken and perhaps unite and form
distinct heavy seem towards the middle of the basin
or trough
The foregoing views to quantity are founded upos
data derived from observation the phenomena OF coal
fields and theory which is well sustained respecting
in which successive seams Of coal have been
formed.
The calculations 10 the quantity of coal in the Deep
River coal field based uron what known and with
out reference to what we possibly find by expora
ton hereafter These calculations must be regarded
satisfactory, and such will justify the hopes and
poctatons OF the and those who interested
in the improvements Of the day
TRAVELLERS GUIDE.