The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1853-11-01

dipped In the tainted air OF schoo-room he turns white
weeks monlhs TO accomplish but il is Just sure TO
occur" The effect upon the Intellectual faculties is
equally strkingorpor and drowsiness. more or less
makeds inevitably follow and many an unucky urcbn
has been punished for illprepaed lesson, the
OF which neither he bis teacher understood. and
which would not have occurred il the school-room had
been furnished with more ample supply OF oxygen:
Our churches are equally in need OF thorough mode OF
artificial vcntilaioD and yet OF them believe, are
supplied with It. They on an average do not contain
more than 1000 cubic feet An audience OF 400 persons
would exhaust this in twenty minutes and every moment
OF the remaining hour and halt Hsualy devoted to public
service renders the atmosphere more and more impure
and unit for respiration Suppose the audience TO be in
creased TO 1000, as it sometimes is, and the supply 0f
pure ar would fail in eight minutes Here see the
cause Of the headaches the Paintings, and Illness often
occurring IN crowded assemblies; and we can also see
reason Tor people sleeping in church, besides the sup
posed duness OF the preacher This evil OF course much
augmented whenever public meetings (or whatever pur-
pose) are held al night, then have the additional
consumption OF oxygen by the numerous lights, 10 say
nothing OF the cafbonc acid gas produced by their
buslion. II would be easy task to fill volume with
the relation oi instances OF the injurious and fatal ef
feels of the want of ventilation. will conhne myself
10 few. Mr. Chadwick, in his report the sanaiory
:" There in Glasgow. attached one OF the iacto-
res. an assembage Of dwellings for the work people,
called from the crowd collected in il, the barracks.
TINS building contaned I'M 500 persons there being fam
lily IN every room The consequence was, that fever
hardly ever absent from the building, and sometimes
there were as many as fifty sixty cases at once All
attempts 10 nuuCt the inmates 10 VeDulae tnelr rooms
were Intellectual, and the proprtors OF the works. on the
Recommendation OF the surgeon of the district prepared
simple lin tubes. Of two inches diameter, extremity
OF which inserted into each room, and the other
into the chimney OF the factory furnace. BY the per-
petual dtaught thus produced upon the atmosphere OF
each room, The inmates were compelled whether they
would or to breathe pure air. The effect was, that
from that time tever scarcely knoun in the place"
The fatal results Ut The Confinement OF the English
prisoners IN what was called the Biack Hole OF Cal
cuta are we'll known OF 146 who were shut up at
night BY he order of the barbaous chief, only 20
found alive next mornng-and these were all attacked
by typhoid fever. But acts OF greater and still more in
excusabe barbay have bren peTpetraled IN much more
recent times 10 December ls4s seveniy-two men, wo-
men, children sutfocaled on board steamer
while passing from Sligo 10 Liverpool. During storm
all the passengers, $50 in number, were sent below 10
the sieerage cabin, the companion way closed,
iarpaulin nailed it; and although the most
desperate efforts were made by the wretched passen
gers to relieve themselves, the violence of the storm
prevented the from hearing their cries. until when
at length The covering removed the hdeous specta
Gle presented Of dead bodies covering the floor TO
the depth OF several feet Onehalf of the whole number
ha per shed
In a hospital in Dublin, between the years 1881 and
1885, no less than 2944 children, out OF 1850 died with
in fortnight after their birth DR. Clark, the physician,
snspecing the Cause TO be want OF air, conrised to in
troduce ul supply oil this important element by means
Of pipes six inches in diameter into all the departments
The consequence that during the three succeeding
years only 1865 out Of 42i3 children died within The rst
Two weeks-an astonishing change from one in three 10
one in twenty live! ~ s+ 15M fH
1t is estimated that forty in every one hundred Of the
deaths occurring annually in the United States are OF
children under five years OF age fwesuppose that the
propostron die here for want OF pure in the
Dublin hospital, it would give the enormous aggregate
OF $4,000 children (oat OF 100000 who die annually
der hve years OF age sacrificed every year from want OF
sufhcicnt ventilation. Hut saHH aa.het srf a rftU
The very important practical question remains whether
anything and what, can be done TO remedy this emor
nous evil For one have no hope that any efficient
means will speedily be adopted Tor producing thorough
artificial ventilation in the dwellings OF The poorer classes
Every plan for this purpose, involving more or less
pense, will be eschewed In houses which have TO be built
Al the lowest possible COST great DEAL however could
be accomp shed towards reDedying come OF the wois,
evils have been describing, by constant attention TO
such means Of ventilation Imperfect asthey are) as these
houses already aHord. Ii the windows and doors-par
hculaIly Of chambers, which need ventilation most
were freely opened even day. and s better, sew
eral times day. much good would be effected and u.
in addiuon, the doors always left open night and
when il is possible, window raised an inch or two,
(and this can generally be done without rsk we should
have ioerabe though imperfect substitute ior artificial
ventilation. Sill more should be taken 10 Introduce
fresh air into the chambers Of the SICK and physician
hardly discharges his whole duty TO his patient who does
not. paricnlary among the humber classes oil society
see that this rs attended TO daily. room can scarcely
be fouDd so small. or so badly arranged, but that some
fresh ar can be got into every day without risk And
AS general rule, there much less danger from opening
doors and windows freely than from the other extreme.
and II ih"re be il is the safe side In cases of
sickness OF long standing this OF very great importance
as fresh the mosl powerful Ionic we can possibly
furnish TO deoilitaed patient and is worth more than
all the drugs 10 the apohscays shop towards establish
ing speedy and permanent nvslescence tis great
mistake too, 10 regard the ordinary dsnlectng agents a.
substitutes Tor fresh air they are very well in their
place sur,ts, but should never be exalted to the
rank OF principals
One ot The useful OF these is the common house
hold remedy OF vinegar heated shovel, as neutral
izes ammonia, the most frequent emanapon from the
persons OF The sick while chlorine may bused TO coun-
tersc, the ietid gases aud fresh lime to absorb car.
bonic acid gas
Principles and mode, .f general rule,
AR does not circulate. texeep, very slowly unless
power IL applied TO put II IN motion Hence " ~ ms
take 10 suppose that chimney fue IN room, or The
mere opening OF doors windows. will produce a
thorough change OF air IN apartment. THIS VIII DO
toleraby WE'LL provided there is wind blowing a, the
Soors are kept open long time Ihe latter should Al.
be attended 10 where there no artificial
means Of ventilation, and when there s a calm.
There ~ variety oil motive powers, to which can re-
fer but briefly, that may be employed TO put the AR IN
notion and thus contribute 10 ventilation VI these. the
most important because the most frequently resorted 10
and The NEST easily used is heal IA well know that
aud hence causes II to ascend, while the colder AR IN the
neghbofhood, being heavef rnshes to supply m place
and ihns circulation OF ar ~ produced s4 tsr
For private dwellings, churches school houses &c
heat must be the principal or oDly motive power relied on
for ventilation; while in steamships, steamboats, large
manufacturers and wherever steam engine used, the
Ian can be put IN operation with te expense or iroube
and when properly employed will vsniilae the prem
ises most thoroughly IL could be introduced with I'M
mense benefit the crowded seep ng cabins OF our
large steamboats, on the Hudson and other Iver and
can hardly imagine place short OF the "Back Hole OF
Calcutta where lbe ventilatng process more needed
Wih respect 10 the ventilation OF pnvaie houses by
the Introduction OF heated air Thy which two objects are
effected at once) he principle should always be to throw
into the rooms 10 be warmed and ventilated large