New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-01-21
Volcanoes md Volcanic Forces.
BIZ DR.. ANTTsELL


The first Of a course Of two Lectures upon
Geology was delivered on Wednesday evening AZ the
stuyvesant Institute by DR.. Antisc The subject ws
.. above named, Volcanoes, &c.
After reerriEg In advance TO the internal heat Of the
earth the lecturer observed that volcanoes were moth
ing norless than many vents through which the
contents of the interior OF the earth passed TO the
outside There are about go Of these vents active,
though all Of them not in operation at the same
time. One hundred and sixteen Of them are on this
Continent Some ninety of them are In the Pacific,
ana the remainder scattered over Europe aud the
Islands Of the Indian Seas. Sunstra, Java, &c, and
along the islands of the Chinese coast Volcanoes. in
fact scattered al the globe from the tunhest
North 10 the most extreme South. Those wihln the
tTcpics, however, outnumber the others There
IRE about twenty volcanoes In action every
year. so We have 30 OF them qsiescen.-sheir setion
appears reciprocal one became silent smother comes
into operation The lecturer pointed out upon diagrams
the general features Of the volcanic syen and went on
20 speak OF the amount Of rnstter uphcayed
irO the bosom OF the earth by the force OF volcanic &C
ron. Thus. u tie eruption Of Etns 1913. the qlan-
ty Of lava thrown out ws twelve ume- the mass oil tne
entire mountain Itself Nesuyu in l1-0 emitted ssresn
Of lava nine miles in length; and in i5o5 stream some
three miles long and forty feet deep. Ia the year o9
sn eruption Of the mountain utterly overwhelmed
the cities OF Herculaneun ana P0mpe- AZ most know
1ho@e e-pons FROM TINE 20 nle made Ia the appear
and nfgrrson Of the surface OF the esT vast
ehanses a. migtt naturally by expected. DR. A. then
went minnie detail OF the pecsrites Of pnsnolne
rs Attending eruptiOns and described Ia . graphic
nsuuer the terrific submiy OF the ceebratsf volcano
al krancs IN the Island Of Owynee untouched upon
"a tis part OF his lecture the difference witch the We
suTus Of the present day presents when compared with
that O. the time OF trsbo This part OF the subject ws
very inlgibly illustrated by several spirited diagrams
With regard the Of the heat which ocessones
the throwing cut Of such vast quantities OF ns.terfrom
volcanoes there many hypothe-es adv .ncei but
Only two o. them were tsrsble Inc des sfYancei Dy
Sir Humphrey Dsyy was th the center OF the earth was
composed Of metals pure state, which, when cofa
iny in contact with water evolved expensive
gss, sad % produced earthquakes ans volcenoes-
The more probable theory. Observed Dr. A, was
This Our earth derived its heat from the action
OF the suns rsys upon Z only. The sc,aor OF tae
sra's tcys vss 70 produce electrical current
When this current paced along body that conducted
well result Observable but We placed AZ tse
end 81 the wire noneonductors charcoal point tor
u scArce-ineense beat tie result Inc Guns rays
then passing through the atmosphere produced electric
Al currents which psss;ug into the earth ignltt the m
terror Ike the charcoal point TIKI re considered the
most reasonable mode CT accounting Tor the discharge
q igneous through volcanoes Were the esfa
heated inferory by artificial nesns-as suggested ~
Dayy-it might readily be supposed would socn COOL
seeing that s interior was exposed in ss0 places o! the
rnsssss within would be consumed Ike coal BY me or
dinary mode Of combustion Though much aestfseeon
Of lie and property and many lesser evils r1ed Rom
tie deveormert OF volcanic phenomena ystaey were
nos unattended by many advantages. Were not ior
earthquake the land would rec above ne level OF
tie sea II il were Otherwise we would nave no dry
Ind dsnctive,y-no hiIls consequently 70 fs1ns no
Yvrrfof course noyesetsnon and everything atrna;e
" woud Re reduce Ia one real hnr'1opss' r'r'nse