The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-08-01

" brown's's' ITO" this time there was d.
VISION among 'nc Assenters from the Church of
England Inc curtains desired to amend; the
Brownists 70 destroy and rebuild. The feud
became pi'' Or in England and eventually led
to great Pr ,litical results there, but never ex-
tended az ross the Atlantic An act of noncon-
formity passed in the reign of Elizabeth caused
many OF the Independents to exile themselves
TO Holland, and society founded by them ex-
3ted there for century.
Towards the close of the reign of Elizabeth
q reformed church of Puritans was formed in
the north Of England, composed of poor
people" or those in moderate circumstances,
in towns and villages of Nottinghamshire,
Lincolnshire, and the borders of Yorkshire.
This church, having for its pastor John Robin
son. man of estimable character, were beset
night and day by the agents of royal and &C.
clesiastical tyranny. After suffering much
persecution, this small flock of Puritans re-
solved to seek safety in exile. Holland at
tracted the attention Of the emigrants as the
land of liberty and the Protestant faith. The
departure from England was not effected with
out suffering and hazard. Their first attempt
in 1907, in the reign Of King James l.. was pre-
vented and some of the Puritans were impri-
soned. The next spring, 1908, the design was
renewed. An unfrequented heath in Lincoln
shire near the Humber was the place Of secret
meeting. Some of their wives and children
were seized when on the point Of embarking;
but they were finally suffered to depart. and
arrived safely at Amsterdam. Such was the
fight Of the Pilgrims, under their leaders, Ro-
binson and Brewster, from the land of their
fathers.
From Amsterdam, the PILGRIMS removed to
Leyden. where they took up their residence, and
applied themselves to industrial callings for a
livelihood. They had been bred to the pursuits
Of agriculture and in Holland they were CON-
PEELED to learn mechanical trades. Brewster
became printer; Bradford learned the art Of
dying silk; others various trades. But they
were discontinued and unhappy in Holland.
Conscious Of ability to act a higher part in the
world they were moved by "a hope and inward
zeal of advancing the gospel in the remote
parts of the New World" Their Dutch neigh
bors proposed to them to emigrate to their new
settlements in America and made them large
offers; but the Pilgrims were attached to their
nationality as Englishmen, and to the language
of their native soil. A deep love Of country
led them to seek to recover the protection
of England. by forming colony under that
government. In 1927 John Carver aud
Robert Cushman repaired to England to
obtain patent from the London Company
owning the right to lands in America
Having. after nearly two years negotiation
procured from the Plymouth Company, a grant
Of tract Of land, several Of the congregation
at Leyden sold their estates, and expended the
purchase money. with money received from
other Adventures, in the equipment of two YES
sells, in which only a minority Of the cong"ega-
ton could embark. Mr.. Robinson and majo-
rity of his charge therefore remained behind at
Leyden until favorable opportunity should
offer to join their friends in America.
After twelve years exile from their native
land, the detachment Of the Leyden congrega-
ton of Pilgrims made ready for their departure
Two ships which they had provided Speed
well fsixty tons, and the Nay Flower of one
hundred tons-awaited them at the little port
Of Delft Haven, near Leyden. from whence they
were to embark for England and thence pro-
coed on their voyage to America. This scene of
embarkation, which took place on the lst of
August 1920 is the anniversary which is this
day to be commemorated at Plymouth.
One of the finest Of the historical paintings
which ornament the rotunda Of the capitol at
u. =. 41,4. al,
barkation of the Pilgrims from Delft Haven. 1t
is picture of great artistic merit. by Robert
N. Weir, and is of the largest size of the hstori-
cal paintings executed by order Of Congress.
The moment chosen by the artist fol the action
of the picture is that in which the venerable
and prayers to Heaven dismisses the beloved
members Of his little flock to the perils and the
hopes of their great enterprise. The characters
of the persons introduced are indicated with
discrimination ard power, and the accesso-
rics of the work marked with much taste and
skill
The Pilgrims sailed from Delft Haven for
Southampton, in England and in fortnight
after, they left that port for America. But on
account Of the want OF repairs they returned in
few days to Dartmouth, from whence they
again put to sea; but put back to Plymouth,
where they left the Speedwell as unseaworthy
and as many as could be accommodated,
to the number Of one hundred souls, embarked
in the Mayhower. In that small vessel of
one hundred and eighty tons, they sailed
from Plymouth on the 18th OF September, aud
after boisterous passage of sixty-three days
they arrived on the coast of Massachusetts, and
were safely moored in the harbor Of Cape Cod
on the goth Of November, and finally landed on
the Rock OF Plymouth, December Y, 1920.
While at anchor, the manner in which their
government should be constituted had been con-
sidered. and after solemn prayer and thanksgiv-
ing the following instrument or compact was