Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1853-08-06

scarcely been entered upon but there those who
are thoughtful upon i this improvement consists
in provisions for pastulage am satisfied that In
the course OF few years an entire revolution VIII be
effected IN the mode of raising and keeping stock
The present system nurses in its bosom immortality
and crime
There is population which is not confined to the
outskirts of civilization, but which is mingled
less with the body polite everywhere, and which
is destitute of the principles of honesty; and are
therefore ready when opportunity presents to take
what belongs to another. Cattle, sheep, and hogs
which allowed to range the forests have secu
rity under the present system Of pasturage. They
taken and appropriated by the lazy and indoient
The fact is well known, but such are the clrcum-
stances under which these thefts committed that
the guilty always escape detection and punishment
This fact alone will ultimately lead to the consruc
ton of enclosures This must lead to contraction
of the ranges The next step will be to increase the
amount of food upon the more limited areas. The
planter who has proper regard to the morals OF his
neighborhood cannot well pursue system which Is
so pregnant with evil, and which holds out opportu-
mites to commit crime under circumstances which
defy detection. 1t is true should entertain only
feeble hope of change, if it could not be shown
that pasturage is feasible scheme and can be Sc
cured by any planter farmer who owns fifty acres
of land, or even much less than that. If farmer
owns only fifteen it would be good policy to
put one third of it in pasturage-by pasturage L
mean provision to keep stock during summer upon
the better grasses and not upon the wild and
heritage of the forests Pasturage cannot be secur-
ed in the south except by special means unless it be
in the higher and cooler portions of this section of
the Union. Tilage must precede the formation of
pasture it will not grow up of itself The special
for this object these: LOcing, nG1'ra1ag,
and the sOoCing of the proper seed. The blowing
should be deep, and would recommend dressing
of lime mari or qudn0 prior to blowing. The fur
rows should be well laid and the surface will be
greatly improved by the roller indeed it is often
very essential operation in order to secure the ger
mination of seed The manuring should consist of
a combination of the two modes prevalent among
farmers viz: the sowing of crop of buck wheat, or
clover for the purpose of blowing it in when in bios
son. and the free use of compost of mari or lime
and peat or any organic matter which can be obtain
ed from the plantation The green crop should be
we'll plowed in and covered, and remain two or three
weeks. The surface is then ready to receive dress
ing of manure and the mixed grass seeds consisting
of orchard grass, timothy red top, Kentucky blue
grass and clover The roller should be applied after
the seed lightly dragged in. 1t may be proper to
remark that neither grass clover seed admit of
being buried deeply. This plan may be objected to
from its expense; but when contrasted with the
present SYSTEM it is not only stock saving scheme,
but it is part of the only scheme by which
stock can be improved. planter may purchase
flock of the best Durham Devon Ayreshir or Jersey,
cows and turn them upon his range, however good
it may be- and in less than year the flock will
have lost its value, if he has succeeded in
ing with extraordinary care his original number.
Forest feed is incompatible with improvement. l
acknowledge that cattle of these ranges do accumu
late fat but under the present system it is lost
in the winter besides under this system they never
acquire their proper SIZE If the system of pastur-
age takes the place anges several changes
will surely follow. 1st Better herds of cattle will
become common and the small lean kind will disap-
pear before them. I'd. Barns and outhouses will be
improved and adapted to the kind of stock which
may be kept g. Fertilizers will be greatly increas-
ed and with them the means for the better improve
ment of the plantation; the fertilizers can then be
saved. 4th. Plantations which excessive in size
will be diminished it will be that twenty acres
of corn well cultivated will produce than forty
imperfectly cultivated, and with less cost. Stock
kept by pasturage in summer and folded and fodder
ed in winter upon hay in part, makes it possible-in
fact easy to secure all the fertizing matter which
may be produced. The want of pasturage in North
Carolda is of the great defects in its husbandry
1 am, sir, most respectfully, yours,
E. EMMONS.