The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-12-07

For . more full account OF this transaction, and my
vsvs In regard refer TO the correspondence be
tween the Change dAsrs OF Austria and the Secretary
OF state which here~ith transmitted The prtncples
and policy therein maintained the part OF the United
States win, whenever proper secession occurs, be ap
piled and enforced.
e condition Of China At this time renders il probable
that i'm portant changes viii in thai vast Em
pire which viii leac 10 unrestricted intercourse
with II. The Commissioner 70 that country, who has
besn recently appointed instructed to avail himself Of
all occasions TO open and extend commercial rela
tons not only with the Empire OF China but with other
In 1889, expedition sen. TO Japan, under the
command of Commodore Perry for the purpose OF open
ing commerc al insrcou with that sna Inteig
has beer his arrival there and Of his having
nads the En- of ia the object OF his
visit IL Ia not yet sscertausd how far the Emperor
will be disposed TO abandon his restrictive policy, and
open that popnlus country to commercial intercourse
with the United States.
II has been my o. rnest desire to IN int friendly In
trcourse with the governm upon this ntneat and
70 aid them in preserving ZOO npaeF,t.nllng .mohg
true boundary liz between territory OF New Mexico
and the Mexican State OF Chihuanus. former Commits
soner Of the United States employ In running that line
pursuant the treaty q Guadalupe Hidalso mad
rous mistake in CeteTminng the initial point the Rio
Grande; but nssmuch, ns decision clearly de-
pArture from the directions for tracing the boundary
treaty and incurred in by the
ve or appointed the part of the 10 ted States whose
concurrence necessary TO give validity to that de-
con this not concluded thereby; but that
OF Mexico takes different view OF the subject
There are also other questions OF considerable magni
tude pending between the t~o Republics Our Minister
ia Mexico has ample instructions to adjust them Nego
been made therein enable speak the probable
result Impressed with the Importance of antainag
amcabe reat with that Re public and Of yielding with
hberaty to all her just claims it is reasonable expect
that arrangement, mutually satisfactory to both
countries may be concluded and lasting friendship be
tween them confirmed and per petuated.
Congress having provided for full mission TO the
States Of Central America minister sent thither 10
Suly last As yet he has had time to visit only OF
these States Nicaragua, where he received in the
rost friendly manner 1t hoped that his presence and
rood offices will have benign effect in composing the
ng still intimate and friendly relations between
hsm respectively, and between each of them and ths
Considering the vast regions this ointment AID
number of States which would accessible by the
free navigation OF the Amazon particular attention
has been given to this subject Brazil through whose
territories into the has hitherto
In pticy restrictive in regard to the of this
river to obstruc and nearly exclude foreign
mercial inter with the States which lie upon its
tributaries and upper branches. Our mister TO that
country Instructed TO obtain relaxation Of that 20
Icy and hia efforts 10 induce the Brazilisn gov
guards. this great Natural Highway for International
trade Several of the South American States deeply
interested in this attempt secure the free navigation
OF the Amazon and IL is asonAbe to expest their
operation in the As the advantages of FREE
meroal intercourse nations better understood
more liberal views generally a. TO the
rights Of ali to the free of those which
has provided for inter- atonal communication 10
these liberal and enligh tened views it hoped that
Brazil will conform her policy and remove all unnecsssa.
~ restrictions upon the free Of river which ira
verses 50 many States and so hrgs part Of the CONT
nent. am happy to inform you that the republic Of
Paraguay and the Argentine Confederation yielded
to the liberal policy still ted by Brazil in regard to
tie navigAble within their respe ve territories
Treaties embracing this subject amoog others have been
negotiated with these govern ments which win be sub
mitted to the Senate at the present session.
new branch of co nmsrcs, important to the agrcu
tural interests Of the United States has within few
years past beer opened with Peru Notwithsa ndng tho
deposits Of the islands OF that
country considerable difficulties experienced in o6
tanning the requisite supply Measures have been taken
to remove these difficulties and TO a abun
dant impo of the article Unfortunately there has
been . serious collision between citizens, who have
resorted to the Chiocha Islands and Peruvian
authorities stationed there Redress for Il outrAges
committed BY the latter promptly demanded by
minister At Lima This bec is now under consdeya-
ton and there is believe that Peru Is disposed
to offer adequate indemnity to the aggrieved parties
We are thus not only at peace with all foreign coun
trea but in regard to political affairs exempt from
hons.
heretofore are passing away with the which pro-
duced them and the passions which they had
Noped that it viii Only DO perceived in the Jealous rivalry
all good citizen, to testify their respect for the rights
the States heir devotion to the Union and their
non determination that each OF the States its nst
uions IFS welfare, and its domestic peace snail be held
LAs secure under the sacred gis OF Constitution
This new league Of amty and Of mutual confidence and
support into which the people Of the republic ha
tered. happily affords inducement and opportunity for
The adoption Of aud une nbsrrass
cd line Of policy and action to the great material int
rests of the country whether regarded in themselves
in copnesion with the powers Of the civilized world
The United States have continued gradually and steadi
ly to expand, through acquisitions Of territory, which,
bow much soever Of them may have been question
ed univerf ally and admitted to
wse il policy Just in chara sr and great element In
the advancement of country and WITH it, OF the hu
The thirteen States have grown thirty one with
relations reaching 70 Europe the SIDE and the
other to the distant realms Of Asia
am deeply sensible of the immense responsibility
which be sent magnitude Of the republic and the d.
vsrsity and multiplicity OF its interests dsvoves upon
me- the alienation Of which far relates the i'm
mediate conduct OF the public business is first
Lasce the wisdom and patriotism Of the Houses of
and secondly in the directions afforded BY
the principles Of public poity affirmed by fathers of
tue epoch of 1898, sanctioned by long 2erence and
oousecrated anew By the overwhelming voice OF the peo
Recurring to these principles, which constitute the
ganic basis Of tina vast the func
tons and the duties Of the federal government vested
entrusted to its great rment the legislative
executive and Judicial, yet the substantive power the
popular and the large capacities for social and
teal deveopn emit exist in The respective States which,
al being Of themselves well constituted republics they
psrpetuating the American Union The federal govern
men has i appropriate line of action in the specific and
limited power conferred on it by the constitution chiefly
"a TO those things in hch The states have in
teest in their relations TO another and to foreign
governments while the great OF interests which be-
long TO cultivated the ordinary business of life the
springs Of industry all the diversified personal and do
mestic affairs OF society rest securely upon the general
reserved powers of the PEOPLE Of the several States
Ihere the effective democracy of the nation and there
tke vital essence OF its being and its greatness.
OF the practical coz sequences which fo~ from the
VI icceIal primary one IL tno
duty OF administering with integrity and 6dsty high
trust reposed in it by the constitution pecay in the
application OF the public funds, dras by taxa ion
from the people and appropriated to specific objects by
Congress. Happily have occasion to suggest any
radical changes n the financial policy of the government
Ours Is almost If rot absolutely, the solitary power OF
Shristeno ON, having surplus revenue, immsdi
atey from i'm ports onmerce, and therefore
cd BY the spontaneous enterprise ard national prosperity
OF the country with such indirect relation to agricul
ture manufactures an the pro .ucs Of toe tn and
sea, to violate constitutional doctrine and yet
vigorously promote the general welfare Neither to
the sources OF the bile to the
OF keeping and grg it, any grave controversy
prevail there being general acq gescence in the
wisdom ~ the present system.
The report OF the Secretary Of the Treasury win exhibit
detail the state Of the public and the conii
ton Of the various of bile service admin
istsres by that department Of the government
The OF the country levied almost i1ssnsiby TO
the tax payer goes from year TO year, Increasing be
yond either the interests the prospective wants of the
government