Semi-weekly standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1853-18??, 1853-09-17

ecuted which looks directly to the transfer of that
island through process full of horrors to the do
minion of barbarous African And, finally,
consider in connection with all this state of things,
that our territorial expansion unexamped as it has
been in all respects, is the most unexamped in this:
that has carried and under system must carry
with it wherever it goes freedom of trade and free
dom of conscience-in word, free civilization,
involving local selfgovernment and confederate IN
place of diplomatic relations: that is between the
communities embraced In it. system of guaranteed
peace, in place of a system of contingent war.
Such are some of the main facts which, in British
Judgment give to our interest in the Cuban question
undisputed superiority the interest of Great
Britain and France We put it to the Judgment of
every candid man. is not that superiority of interest
transcendant and undesirable? Has Great Britain
any such interest either in degree in kind Yet
her claim is that her interest such it is slight
it is remote is, contingent as it is warrants, In
question between us and Spain, her interference
across three thousand miles of ocean. How, then,
she gansay the claim of our interest, immense,
Close permanent vital as it is, rightfuy to exclude
such interference from very door?
Such is the aspect of the seen in the light
of Lord John Russels admissions. In view of his
extraordinary and inadmissable claims, and the
grounds which they placed, it has other very
important aspects which shall present hereafter.
The AUSTRIAN PROTEST. This remarkable docu-
ment, which we published yesterday morning, is
manifestly designed to drop the subject as gngerly
possible. If Austria had any intention to press
an issue, entirely different mode of procedure
would have been instituted AS it is the document
itself is direct concession of the whole case, and
thus the very weakness of the Austrian position ac-
counts for the tameness of the manifesto The fact
is that had Austria suffered outrage at the hands of
an American consul and an American naval COM
mander of the nature of the act complained of a dl
rect appeal would have been made to government
in the premises. Instead of that, we have mani
festo addressed to foreign courts for the purpose of
elicitng an American explanation of the case. Our
government will reply to the Austrian protest, and
fasten the wrong where it originated In the act OF
Austria.
The case is easily resolved into its simple clements
by the facts alleged in the protest We have already
shown and still maintain that Kosta has citizen
ship in the United States and claim to protection
from the United States, outside of its jurisdiction.
But says Austria, His Imperial Majesty's brig
Hussar detained on board individual whose ma
tonaty contested between the agents of the two
Governments" Herein is the gist of the whole mat
ter. What does the alternative propose? That the
United States authorities should have suffered Aus
tria to bear away within the purlieus of the empire
fetid with DEATH seized upon neutral SOIL and
enjoying right to protection by virtue of the claim
of our common humanity? That the alterna-
tive And with such antecedents have in the
history of Austrian vndictiveness, any cicized ma
ton with the power to prevent such deed, would
have failed to exercise such power at the cost of
popular reproach Can any body doubt for
ment that If Kossuth were now in Vienna, he would
suffer ignOminous DEATH unless policy dictated the
slow torture of an Austrian prison? What nation,
then with the power to prevent it, would suffer an
Austrian consul and an Austrian ship to hurry him
off victim to Austrian vengeance from neutral
port? Not ours! Why does not Austria now send
ship of war to the Thames for the purpose of seiz
ing Kossuth and hurrying him away to death? The
case of Kosta is the same. The wrong is Austra's
the prevention of the consequences of that wrong
is Let us take the issue on this presentment
of it, and defy the world But let avoid with
scrupulous and jealous concern any departure from
the spirit and letter of our institutions by which
may be involved in endless petty controversies with
European nations through the imprudence and i'm
pertnences ofmen who only interestedin the Uni
ted States far it may subserve their political pur
poses with regard to their native countries. If we
yield at this point sophistry has already es-
sayed the invasion of five shall become the sport
of our folly
The London Times has the following spirited para
graph upon the subject, though from point of view
which the facts in the case do not present. Every
word, however, is applicable to the interposition in
the case for the protection of Kosta, whose rights
were invaded neutral soil
The protest assumes that Capt. Ingraham's de-
mand of Kosta backed by threat, was act of
war. This is nonsense British vessels are upon
our coast to protect British rights and their
there is perpetual threat to seize every respasser
upon their rights yet who regards this act of
war? Austria seems to complain because she was
not permitted to consummate the ATTEMPTED outrage,
carry Kosta to Vienna, hang him. and then settle the
matter by negotiation at Washington. This, she
thinks, would have been the proper mode of adjust
ing the affair. Tastes differ on such subjects. We
prefer Capt Ingraham's process and we hope to see
IL become the SeIucQ' American pracCce, IN every
where any person entitled to American protec-
ton shall suffer outrage at the hand of any foreign
Power. We hope that whatever force may be neces-
sary to prevent the outrage will be promptly used;
its relation to international law be settled after
wards by negotiation just as well as before and
little better.'
ORIGIN OF Soils In the last number of the Far
mer alluded to the fact that the inorganic ngre-
dents of soils derived from the mechanical attri
ton and decomposition of rocks which exposed
the surface of the globe. The crust of the earth
is composed of stony bodies differing in their struc
ture and composition. Thus we have what biologists
term strotied and unstr0tiGed rocks and these
subdivided into primitive, transition secondary and
volcanic rocks. These include in their Classification
we'll composition, the granite, clay, slate, lime
stone, chalk gypsum, quartz, &c.
Earths are therefore variously composed according
to the rocks that have supplied the particles; and
their fertility depends, in great measure, prop
err blending Of these To illustrate this, let us mi-
tate the natural formation of SOIL small scale.
First, tl4en, we pulverize, say few pounds of
sand rock quartz this will furnish the sciOSs
sandy element of the soil, but would be very unpro
ductive of itself We add, then, few pounds of
pulverized slate rock feldspair, and get the a.
luminous or clay constituent; but still soil is
imperfect. Wenow add some pulverized lime rock,
granite &C., and by the combination, find that we
have Silica alumina, oxide of iron, potasssa magne-
STA, and all the essential ingredients of fertile soil.