davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17

FARMERS GARDEN. As general thing, farm
ers do not provide themselves with good gardens; at
least so far as the writer has travelled he has sci.
dom seen what he would call good garden on
farms. The excuse for this neglect is generally the
same with all of them--they shave no lime To at
tend TO such small matters" And yet il NAV safely
be asserted that Of ground appropriated to a
good garden, will be more profitable 10 the farmer
than any ten acres Of the farm. The interests of
the farmer, the comforts Of his family, the good
condition and health of his whole household require
such garden on every farm in the country. Aad
1t should be garden, not a mere excuse for one,
mere weedy patch Il should be rnapaged
and arranged, that every vegetable of wholesome
quality for human food should be raised in it, per-
lection, and at the earliest season. After winters
diet on solid and generally salt animal food, the hu-
man constitution requires the detergIng operations
Of free vegetable and fruit diet; and, general
rule, no one can dispense with il safely. Besides
this, the natural appetite calls for it, and there
few pleasures that may be SO safely and bene6cially
INDUCED in. In the latter part of winter and early
spring, measures should be taken to secure early
vegetables OF all kinds capable of very early cut-
walton. Details will nol be expected here; there
are other books and papers appropriated TO such in
formation; but | cannot help wing that when |
at farm house, at season when early peas, beans,
cabbages, cucumbers, potatoes, green corn, let
tuce, ETC., properly in season. and find none OF
these uxuies the table, nothing but the blue-beef
salt pork, and beans and potatoes of winter, am
free to say do not envy that farmers life, his
family their enjoyments. These people foud
enough of such things when they go to the city, and
it is not, therefore, want of taste. Why may not
every farmer in the State have every kind Of veget
ables on his tables early any gardener the
city raise them? There is not a single reason
why he should not, while there are great many
why he should The gardeners have to incur
very considerable expense in procuring bot manure
for their hot beds, while the farmer has it IN his
barn-yard. The gardener has every thing to pur-
chase, and draw a considerable distance, while the
farmer has nothing to buy. The SMALL quantity of
lumber required is probably rouing on his premises.
1t would only be source ofamusement during the
winter, for hun to construct the frame Of hot bed,
aud prepare the manure and bed for use. Having
done this, and got his plants in thrifty state, he
can, in short time, when the arrives, get
his garden ground in order, and make his planta-
lions. And then he will have all these vegetable
luxures early as any Of his town friends can pur-
chase them. II only requires little industry and
attention to accomplish this, and, as said before,
his enjoyment, his health and even his interest, as
well as the comforts Of his family will be benefited
by it.-COuntry Gentleman.
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
New Garnet Store.

FTiHE subscriber, having moved into the new and
magnificent Store, No. 2T2 Washington street,
is prepared offer tOthe Trade one of the lurg-
est and best selected Stocks of
Ca II p e II N G s
in the country, embracing all the and most desira-
BILE patterns. from the best Manufactures in EUROPE
and AMERICA.
The Tapestry Velvets and Brussels COM
prise the most scientific patterns in the word which
for elegance STYLE beauty of design and durability of
fabric, cannot be surpassed in his any other city
The THREE PHYS embrace many new patterns,
copied from English Tapestries, and to be found
where else in first hands
The Super fines, ETtrG Fines, Fines, Commons, and
Cotton IngrdiS, will be sold at the lowest market pri-
ces. PAINTED FLOOR CLOTHS,
of every description, from three feet twenty oul feet
wide, will be offered at the lowest figures. Many of
these Goods patent finish, closely initiating Velvet
Tapestry, and Of bright enameled surface materially
increasing the durability of the Cloths
CANTON MATTINGS, BAY STATE FEELINGS,
Rugs, Wool, and other Mats, Bookings, a. c.,
&C., which will be sold for CASH
EDWARD c. STEVENS.
Boston, March O. 1853 dSm*
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
House Furnishing Goods.

J. L. HOOD would inform the citizens of Worcester
and vicinity, that The place 10 buy all kinds of House
hold Furnishing Goods,
at The Unrest prices for Cash, at priU tic safe,
is at the City Auction and Genera! Funishn Store No
Pear stree, where may be found large assortment of
new and second hand Furnishing Goods of almost every
thing pertaining to Housekeeping; trunks carpet bags
Vaces &c Please call aud examine before purchasing
elsewhere.
n B. Those breaking up honsc keeping, and others
having property 10 dispose of wi do well to call, as
receiveAsEssRxls Of property consignment, and in
urgent cases will buy and psy cash, the shortest
notice.
sales OF Real and Personal Property promptly attend
ed to, Ia any part of the Comfy. j L. HOOD,
Auclioueer anu Commission Merchant,
No Pearl street.
Worcester. March 9lh 1853 diff
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
Farm in Lancaster for Sale.

AzA ONE of the most valuable Farms in Lancas-
laii ter, of about 100 Acres, sltuated about of
mile from the centre of the Village, in a beau-
tui location, within few rods of the Worcester and
Nashua Railroad, and on the Nashua River. 1t con-
tains the best and most extensive Peach and Apple Or
chards in the town, and about So Acres of excellent
Moving, and a large proportion of the Farm is fue
Meadow
So desirable place, neither for farming PURPOSES
or for gentemans country seat often offered for
sale.
Inquire in Lancaster, al the Railroad Station, of
feb24 dfuThaS3w MATTHEW .. WOODS.
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
House to Let,

- THAT beautiful suburban residence lately nc
ii4 clpied by Ward Poole, Esq, situated Mill.
bury Avenue, about miles from the City
Fal, is now offered for The grounds are full Of
Fruit Trees, Shrubbery and Flowers. 1t is most de-
ghtfnl summer retreat. There two beautiful gar
dens, and other Land may be rented. if desired. Pos
session gwen Immediately
Refer to A. l.. BURBANK Il co, 205 Main street.
Rev. J. +, BURBANK near the nrenises
Worcester, March S, 1883 d2a Wins
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
Particular Notice

E. ABBOTT d co invite the attention of per-
1Ls sons seeking desirable locations for building par
poses to their pats of House Lots situated in various
parts of the city, and offered for sale upon such
as cannot fail TO suit purchasers
Persons contemplating change of residence from the
city to the country will find for their interest call
upon us, and examine list of Farms for sale, IN
Pleasantly located sections of the country around WOr-
cester.
We also prepared to sell exchange landed es-
tates in any locally, upon favorable terms.
Z. E. ABBOTT & CO.,
Octla diff Main
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17

(l)ortrater Dailp 5pp.

From the New York Journal Of Commerce.
To the Magnetic Telegraph.
''Harp of a thousand siringsi''
Swept by mghtler minstrel than the wind,
A viewess spirit, whose uniettered wings
Leave all save thought, behind;
Outvying in its fight
The fleeing footsteps Of The painting steed
The anowy keel that cleaves the billows bright.
Or The fierce engines speed;
Thine is The magic spell.
With deepest tones the human heart 10 hull;
The power outvying feeble speech, 10 tell
Tdings Of good or i'll.
Peace, promise, joy. or woe,
These, mystic harpl we trust to thee;
All that our weak humanity may know,
Thy melodies shalt be.
Thou, who dos herald on
10 the vast inland, stretching far aud wide,
Tales from the ships, whose moorings vet unwon,
Must still the wild waves ride
We pause, and gaze on thee
Marking with wondering eye thy tiny chords,
Weaving, perchaoce, our fortunes, yet to be,
Still unrevealed by words;
Telling of kings and thrones,
nations downfall, or empires birth,
Revealing in thy weird and mystic tones,
Strange histories of Earth,
OF famine, fire, and flood,
The fearful earthquake, or the whirlwnd's breath,
The ocean tempest, or he field Of blpod
The pestence, and death;
Or tidings sweet and DEAR
| The blisslu messages Of love and peace,
To waiting hearts, that yearn from thee to hear
Hope, joy, return, release;
Thou, who shalt link alFlands!
| Thou, who at last shalt span the stormy sea,
Binding the nations into brother bands
What shall we sing Of thee?
The earth wherein we tread,
The mighty pillows rolling over thee,
The lightning fash, the sky, the clouds oerspread
Shall yet thy MINISTRIES be.
Thou messenger OF mind,
Thy triple chords shall make the electric zone,
Which heirt to heart, as shore to shore shall bind,
When space shall be unknown.
| "Harp Of thousand strngs!''
/ Swept by mightier minstrel than the wind,
viewess spirit, whose unfettered wings
Leave all save thought, behnd
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
House and Lot for Sale

Ia FOR sale large two story House, nearly new
iA and thoroughly finished, and lot containing about
eight ihou=sud feet, pleasantly situated, within
three inmates walk Of the Pos-OfIice also Cottage
House en- let, in the vicinity of Chatham street. and
building lot fly by one hundred ten feet SITUATED
In Newbury street. The abovef applied Tor soon will
b. sold at bargain. For particulars inquire J. L.
HOOD, at City Auction and Commission Store, No
Pearl street
Worcester March 9Th, 1853
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
Carpets Carpets! Carpets
For Spring Sales !!
| 8 5 3
B. L. Harden & Co.

b. L. Harden q 20.
II AVE now received the largest Stock OF CARPETS
IL ever exhibited in this city. Having taken the
greatest in selecting from the largest manufaco.
ries in the country, we prepared to offer the
Handsomest Variety of Carpets
the State.
Our Stock consists of
English Velvet Tapestry CARPETS.
American &c =" do.
Clinton Power Loom Brussels do.
English Tapestry Brussels do.
Imperial Ply do.
Lowell Ply do
Tapestry Ingram do.
Elegant English Super do.
" Lowell /" do.
Lowell Extra Fine do.
Lowell Fine do.
Common Cotton and Wool do.
a., and GA Check and Plain Straw Meetings.
Brussels, Tapestry, aud Venetian Stair Carpets.
Mats, Rugs, Booking,
Oil Cloths, Stair Rods Carpet Paper and waddlng, to
geher with every article to be found ia extensive Car,
pet Rooms
We would ask an examination of our Stock by every
person intending to purchase CARPETS OF any Do.
scrpuon as we have many beautiful patterns not to be
found elsewhere, and we shall sell all descriptions Of
feb24 dawOw
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
Flour FEOuT!
inst Received.

Ca 25 Hhds. Steam Refined Molasses, an extra
HE4@Ri quail ty,
49, 25 Hhds. New York Syrup, which will be
sold at price LOWER THAN GOOD MoLAssEs can be af-
forded at, by any other establishment
so Chests and Chests of Oolong, Hyson and Young
Hyson Teas tons best quality Western Cheese, TO
geher with large Stock of Groceries, of the best quail
ity. To be sold at the lowest prices for Cash, or ap
proved credit, at JOHN B. PRArT'S,
No. "a Main street.
Worcester, March llth, 1853 d3w
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
House Lot for Sole

Ia ON the elevation of Land East side of Orange
It'll street, one of the desirable Lots may lie pur-
easy.
4tSo, 10 rent, part of the room in the new three
story bulldog recently erected on Burnsdes Court and
near L. Springs Store, Main and Southbridge streets
NJ. 5. BALLORD.
w worcester, March 4, 1858. eodH
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
March! March! March !
T SPRING, 2ND., will be offering good bargains
IL. during the month of March, in

SPhlNG, IND, will be offering good bargains
III. during the month Of March, in
GROCERIES and WOODEN WARE!
such as Tubs, Pals Brooms and Mats, Wash Boards,
Mop Handles, Clothes Pins skets, 1rala, Wooden
Bowls. stone Ware,
such BITTER Pots Flower Pots, Preserve Jars Pitch
ers, Spttnons, and Soup Dishes.
TIN WARE-Such as Sprnklers, Oiland Fluid Cans,
and Paint Buckets.
Cr0cke7y-Whole sets Of Mulberry Ware, An as
sortne Bt Of Earthen WaIe. Stationery, viz Pens
Ink, Paper, Pencils, Waters, Sealing Wax, &C
Pocket Knives, Combs, Brushes OF vprious kinds
Stove and Shoe Backing Saddler's and Sewing Silks,
Cotton and Linen Thread, Pins, Needles, Whale Bones
Extracts and Essences, Tomato Ketchup, variety of
Preserves Mncing Knives, Soaps, spices, Barrel Io-
ney, Fish, Ullage Barrel Tar and do Rosin Bar
Iels Vinegar, quantity of Potatoes cost, second
hand Refrigerator do. do. Cheese Safe Carpenters
Bench Screw, Platform Scale, a c., DC.
The above mentioned, with great variety of other
things nclnded can be had very low prices, till
the LIST of April, The Store al the of Main and
Southbridge streets TO he vacated at that time,
4. SPRING, 2ND.
Worcester, March 3, 1853 diff
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
REAL ESTATE.
Steam Engines.

IGOR sale Locomotive Boiler, with 40 two inch
tubes of IA horse power, built by Adams d Co.,
Of South Boston.
Also, two Engines, of6 horse power EACH all in good
order. For further particulars, apply to
CHAS WILDER,
at VIM. A. Wheeer's Iron Foundry.
Worcester. Feb 28th, 1853 dawtf
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
Fam for Sale.

FFHBE Subscriber will SELL or exchange for Real Es
tate, IN the city Of W orceseT, Farm Of SO acres,
IN the westerly part Of Shrewsbury atont 81 miles from
the Court House, on the old road Shrewsbury II is
the Farm owned few years since by Levi Have and
now occupied by Peter Rich, Jr Il is desirable place
TOR one wishing 10 raise vegetables for the Worcester
market, the soil being well adapted to that purpose
For luther particulars endnre of Peter Rich, Jr on
the premises, or of EDWARD EARLE
Worcester. 81 Month. 1859. tanZ9 -dawtf
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
Excelsior Eating House NO. ~.

41oVVL1AVA 4IlSVAIAF3 1@OttOO wv I~E'
n HIS neat and beautiful Eating House Is kept by
"A Messrs. THAYEH g. GATES,
where they keep constantly on hand all varieties of Con
iOctionery Foreign and Domestic FRUITS &c, at whole
sale and retail
In connect with the above, they have fitted q room
expressly for Ladies' and Gents Reieshmen' Room.
They also furnish families with the best kinds of Oy
sters, by the pint, qunst, or gallon.
Messis. Thayer Gates hope by their united efforts
TO merit continuance Of that generous patronage which
has hitherto been bestowed upon them by discriminate
ing public. BENJAMIN THAYER,
oc2l dtf ID. @. GATES
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
?. YOUNG, Successor to c. S. Ellis.

P, YOUNG, Successor to C. S. Ellis,
II EEPS constantly on hand an extensive Stock of
IN Fancy Goods, Toys, ard Useful articles,
which he offers to the public reasonable terms his
great "PARiETY STORE" No, e6 Main street
UMBRELLAS, and PARASOLS,
of all sorts and sizes Cotton and Scotch Gnghams;
Alpaca and Silk Of all coois, varying in price from
so cents TO So 90. As we keep al sorts CT Materials
and Trimmings tor Umbrellas and Parasos our facj-
ties are not surpassed by any Establishment in this
country for repairing altering and covering which re-
ceive our particular attention
Canes and other nice articles repaired with great
Pinking done,-Eyelets set, DC. Rocking Horsrs
Games, and thousands Of other articles for the amuse-
ment and instruction Of Children
Also, Birds, Bird Seeds, Bird Cages,
and all the Trimmings for Cages, With every article
wanted by Bird Keepers.
Baskets, Willow Ware, Chdren's CARRIAGES Cabs,
Dolls, and Doll Boiies all sizes, DC. Fine Feather
Duste1s all kinds OF Brushes all of Combs and
thousands of articles possible to enumerate.
Fairs and Charitable rociees supplied with any Quan.
tity of Fancy Articles at wholesale prices, with the
privilege OF returning all unsOld.
Observe the Sign Of p YOUNG,
No 81 Main street, little below the Central Bank
MARI dawn
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
OVER COATS.
NIessrs. 'H'hayer a cannes

TT AVE Just received another lot of those nice OVER
ii COATS Those wanting FIRsT-RATE ARTIcI &,
should give the call before purchasing elsewhere.
AsO just rec ived, large assortment of B q Y S
oYER-CoATS, of all kinds, and for sale cheap.
Harrington Corner, of Main aud Front streets.
Worcester, New. 4, 1852. DIFF
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
GROCERIES, &c.
FLOURI FLOUR /.

ca Tue undersigned are constantly receiving,
FEss=5=l ner Western Railroad, extra and common
ssszs FLOUR, among which ma, be found the ioi.
lowing, viz
CHAS ]. HILL & SONS unsurpassed Extra.
W. WHIrNEY'S Premium.
G. J. HILL, Extra, BLUE JACKET, ExLa
JOHN WILLIAMS do. EILCoTT's MILLS, do.
E. D. sHELhIRE, 10. SENECA CHEF, do.
BANNER MILLS, do. B. G. GRANT, do
and other brands.
Halt bbls. Hill Son, Hill Extra, and E. D. snelmire
Extra
und Bags Flour Ofextra quality
GRAHAM FLOUR of superior quality, Of our own
manufacture, in barrels and bags.
BUCK-WHEAT FLOUR in 100 rs, and IL ID. bags,
all Of which will be sold the lowest market prices,
No. Me- hanic street.
feb2 dawtf BLISS, SUTTON & co.
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
BUTTER

(AN hand, and constantly receiving g tip top arti-
~ Gle of Butter, from the best Diaries Vermont and
New York. BASSET'", EARLE y BROTHER,
mari dawtf Washington Square.
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17

this Establishment beng the largest in the city,
Il may be .onad large and we'll selected Stock, con
ssting in TT OF rich Scarfs and Cravats, Hosiery
Gloves, Under Garments, SIspenders, Stocks London
and Napoleon Ties, Shirts of all QUALITIES &C Having
been engaged in this business the last twenty years.
comment is unnecessary as they have made such ar
ranements in Europe that they receiving by almost
every steamer, the choicest Goods the market afUtds
ana purchasers need only call, to satisfy themselves
Il 1t every article in the Furnishing line be found
ere. ieb23 d9m
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
-z==-- zz#=====z-====z-=--
Cheese. Cheese.

TUST received prime lot of New York Cheese
u BAsSETT, EARLE d BROTHER,
wholesale Produce store, Washington Square.
mari ddwti
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17
WANTS, &C.
Blacksmiths Wanted
Young Men Wanted.

GOOD responsible Young aeia, with small capital
VI travelling Agents To Young Men of energy
and cd address, good opportunity Is offered.
Apply at HORTICULTURAL HALL.
ianl2 diff
Worcester daily spy. [volume] (Worcester [Mass.]) 1850-1888, 1853-03-17

Pure Horse Radish
ID AISED and put up for family use. the farm of
H. the late Richard Bagg Jr., West Springfield. For
sale Wholesale and Retail at the Manufacturers prices
the Provision Store OH $. CULVER, No. l6 Trout
street, under Horticultural Hall.
Worcester, Feb 49, 1853. mari d2mA
The mountain sentinel. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1844-1853, 1853-06-02
LOST LAND WARRANT.

A Land Warrant issued from the Pension Office
Il of the United States, under act of Con-
gress passed the 11th of February 1847, to
Elizabeth Downey, mother of Edward A. Dow
ney, deceased, of Capt. c. H. Heyers company
(D) I'd Penn'a. Vol, for 16O acres Of land, and
numbered 61507, was lost between Summitville,
Cambria county, Pa, and the city of Pittsbnrg,
about the 11th of April 1858, while in
possession of Jacob Fl. Sweigart. Ali persons
therefore cautioned against purchasing and
locating said LandWarrant, the subscriber
to whom it belongs intends applying to the Com
missioner of Pensions for duplicate of said
Warrant. Should any person obtain possession
of the original warrant, they will confer a favor
by forwarding the same to the subscriber, at Lo-
retto, Allegheny tp., Cambria county, Pa.
ELIZABETH DOWNEY.
june 3 lS53-32-6t
The mountain sentinel. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1844-1853, 1853-06-02
ROBERT KERRY
)BERT KERRY. ROBERT GALBRAI
COACH MANUFACTORY.

fNHE subscribers would respectfully inform the
1 citizens of Ebensburg and the public gener-
ally, that they viii carry on the Coach Making,
inc luding the Smith work, at the Machine shop
formerly occupied by Mr.. Anderson, in the
rear of E. Hughes store; where by using
none but the choicest material, and employing
none but the best workmen, they hope to con-
vince all that will do them the favor to examine
their work, that in point of durability, appear
ance cheapness, it cannot be eScelled by any
similar establishment in the State or elsewhere.
Persons wishing bargain in the purchase of a
carriage, will consult their own interests by
giving them call. They are prepared to fur
nish the following kinds of Vehicles, viz
Bugges of different qualities and prices Ba-
rouches Chariotees, one and two horse Rocka
ways, close quarter Elliptic and C-spring Coach
es; second hand work of different kinds, sc.
making a variety that will suit all tastes and al
purses. Repairing done with neatn ess and de
spatch.
Ebensburg June 3 1862.
The mountain sentinel. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1844-1853, 1853-06-02
DIED {:

At his residence in Ebensburg on Friday
night, May 9th, of Disease of the Heart, Mr..
CHARLES LlTzINGER, in the 10th year of his age.
The suddenness of the death of Mr.. Lifting
er cast sad gloom over this community, and
his br ief sickness and most unexpected decease
reminded ali that none can foretel the ending of
mortality. But one brief hour previous to his
death he was in usual health, and attending to
his bu siness he was, in fact, more lively than
ne had been for some weeks previously, having
almost entirely recovered from attack of in
hammatory rheumatism which had sorely affict-
ted him, and in conversation with his fellow citi-
zens on the evening of his deoease, he was So
ciable and companionable. He had made ar
rangements to go to the country. in q carriage
the morrow, in company with friend, uncon-
seious of the mutability of all earthly things,
and with no expectation that to him this evening
would be s'the last of earth" He retired to rest
before IL o'clock, and half hour afterwards arose
and asked his son to give him drink Of water
saying til at he felt unwerl. His son noticing the
change of color in his fathers face, dispatched
for the physician, who arrived in few moments
and found the tide oflife fast ebbing away. He
breathed his last in short time, surrounded by
an afflicted wife and family, and several personal
friends.
Mr.. Litzinger was man useful and beneficial
To this community and much esteemed and ad.
mired by his fellow citizens. He was, many
years ago, High Constable of this Borough fol
some years, and at later period Treasurer OF
the county. And while his many frien Is grieve
for the loss of one, whose sudden transition from
this world of sorrows to that of eternal happi-
ness and rest, has in it solemnity that awes
the heart of man, yet admonishes him of that
truth, Gin the midst of life we are in death !;
and while sorrow clouds their hearts, they can
not fathom, yet can they feel for the unuttera-
ble grief that exists in that once happy home
now made sorrowful by the loss of fond, kind
hearted and affectionate parent.