Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1853-12-09

Our minister 20 go -, ne his efforts induce the Bra
lillian government open 10 common vs., I"el porna
a,rcoua,ds This great natural highway iot interhsi H.
,f ,hn SouIh American States are deeply n-
,erestcd in This attempt secure the ee nasealoh q in
Amazon and ia reasonable 10 eSpec.
the meas ure AS tho advantages OF soe So o
among nrons are better UNDERSTOOD iholc naeta II N
ARE generally entertained as TO the h,s ncI for
,he Srne nsc of those means which nature nus PROVIDE
inc Tree use VI TO these nero liberal api en-
lphtened views il is hoped that brah ',s mn Nc free
lev and remove all unnecessary r Sra ,es md ~ pc
nse of river which lraverses SO many 80 I'M 60 rho
n,r, or ihe continent am happy to nlotm you ina ~"
IcnubIc of Paraguay and The Argentine Iii I'd
JJad ~ the ,ihrral policy still resi5teo oy IN
~, ho ,,voahie rivers Within their Respective territories.
~ M ;his subject among others nave been nc
potiated with these governments, VIM"
IN the Senate ut the present session. o., rho
ney hr,nc, nf commerce, important 10 tne ugneunu
interests Of The United States, has, within ~ ls pbr
been opened with Peru Nds ot ihat COUNTRY cond
er,hI dicnIies arc experienced in obtaining s . M
ennnIv Measures have been taken ~ 'e of w. wi,
supP1, -, aacu,a more abundant importation VI NE pl
ties, ana 10 secure hrc has been serious collision be.
,wcen our citizens who have resorco 10 he h
for IT, and The Peruvian autho'..es Ier was promny
for The outrages committed BY inc ri snh;ec s
d,andsJ NV Our minister at Lima Inns su"e, s Is bo
under consideration and there Is easo tho ngorievet
ia disnosed 10 offer ad qnae Indemnify " ''' p'
ties dino M, onIv at peace with all foreign countries
h,, In reyard to political aftairs are exemp; hun '' tau
of serious dsquietude In our aoes The country hare
The contro versies which have asllaeu hioh
te orn n,ssng away with the causes which Pioanee'
them and the passions which they mao bnnnG bp
trace of them remains, il may be reasohaoy Iii noJ
OIL univ be perceivcd in Jealous rivalry OF an scou
zens to testify their respect for the rlghs VI VIC
devotion to the Union, ana te, lila welfare and Ks
domestic peace shall be held ase secure uhoe e 1'9o
eeis of the Constitution. e ,,r,, on, fdence IL,
o,nnnr, no which the people Of the epuoc nave t.ee
h,pny affords Involvement and opportunity io' .e
Of moro comprehensive and uncnloarrassea e =. pOa
and action as to the great material interests OF .c
h,hsr r.cor,cd in themselves In connexlon win Me
mowers of The civilized world ,r =, ,,,d,.
ia ni,rd States have continued gradually and steadily
10 EXPAND through acquisitions oil terrllc'y, WHEEL INV
mrch some O! them may have been quesonee are
universally seen ard admitted to have been "lee IN pot
us in and grea, eemen: in the advancement
mr. country and with IT, OF the human race In freedom
nrospcrity and in happiness. The Thirteen o'ae9 nu
grown TO be thirty one with relations reaching ~
on the side, and on The o'heF 10 '''e u'''' ''
! Asia. ;,,;,,, ,h,o
am deeply eensbla of the immense responsibility "nc
the present magnitude OF the republic, and Inc diversity an
mipl;ci,y of lis interests dcvoves upon me Inc aevia
ION If which so far as relates the immediate conduct
the public business IT, hrst in my rellance on 'e
and patriotism of the two Houses oil ano
w. in the directions afforded me by the pncptes ol puo
noy affirmed by our fathers OF The epoch oil 1875 sancot
ed by long experience, and consecated anew by 'ne owe
VIII no voice of the people OF the United STATES.
Recurring 10 these principles which constitute the organ
basis OF union we perceive that vast as are Inc uhcor
and the duties federal government vested ln or en
cd TO- its three great deparnents-ihe legislative eHecu
and iutical-ye the substantive power lne popular oIc
and Inc large capacities for social and material development
exist in the respective States which, all being nensee
well constituted republics they preceoeo so lney uo
ore capabe of maintaining and pcrpetuaDg the America
Union The Federal Government has iis appropriate I''
of action in the specific and limited powers o
bv the constitution chiefly those things In "hch IL
States have interest in their reauons 10 one u
other and foreign governmental while the great rass
interests which belong 10 cultivated men, 'ne Ou
uess Of life the springs Of industry all the dVersso pefs
nal and domestic affairs OF socieY rest securely upon u
reserved powers of the people OF the several Sae
There ia the effective democracy oil Inc naon anu etc u
Df lis
3 or the practical consequences which How from u
of the federal government Inc primary 6%s
y the high ,rust reposed in II oy lhe CONSTITUTE
+ espe caly in the application OF the puoiic lunas,
drawn by taxation ron me peTg n"I have no OF
cuson TO suggest any radical changes e the financial o
of tSc government Ours ia amos' II net absolutely, 10
/ solitary power of Chrscndom having srrrrS rev
nine drawn Immediately rom mpos5 on commerc;
and therefore measured by the sponIaneous entePrit
and national prosperity OF the county wi.n suca II
products Of tho earth and as TO violate no const
tuliona doctrine and yet vigorously promote Inc gener
welfare Neither as the sources OF the public treasure
nor as to the Of keeping ard managing H. aGes an
Grave controversy prevail there being general acq
esccnce in The wisdom Of the present system ,,,,
The report of the Secretary OF lba treasury VIII eHol
IN detail tho state of tho public fuancas and the condio
OF The various branches of the public service administered
that department uf the government
The revenue OF the country, Levied Utmost
The taxoaver goes from year Increasing oeyon
either the interests the prospective wants Vi INC govern
At the close of the fiscal year ending June 80 le5? lher
remained ie the treasury balance OF fourteen million 81
hundred and M In' sca vsar eudins un
30 1853 amounted llyeight million nine hand'eu an
thirty ,houeand eight hundred ana aoas ITO.
cnsoms md 10 TWO million uu: hundred and hye tonsan
aeven hundred and eight dollars from public ands anu one
miscellaneous sources amounting together 10 sxy-one mi
lion three hundred and thirty thousand hVe huhue
and aeventv.four dollars while the public expenditures 10
the same pcrod exclusive of payments on account Oh III
pubIic debt amounted 10 foythree million hVe hundre
,1rnin nH mi VI ttr
Ieavnp balance of thir,y.two million four hundred an
thousand four hundred and ortyseVcn collar
OF receipts above expenditures
This TACT of Increasing surplus 10 the treasury, been m
the subject Of anxious consideration al very early pe'o
of INV administration and The path Of duty In regard 10
seemed 10 me obvious and clear namely lrst TO apply IN
roIns revenue TO The discharge of public deb far
il could udciousy be done and secondly 10 devise mean
for the gradual reduction Of the revenue 10 The standard
the public eXigencics.
OF these Objects the FIRST has been in the course OF accom-
plishmsnt in manner and degree highly satisfactory
The Of The public debt oil a classes was on III
fourth of March, 1853 nine million one hundred an
ninety thousand and thirty dollars payments on &C
count Of which have been made since that period 10 IN
OF twelve million seven nnadted and lhee housnn
three hundred and twenty mine dollars; leaving unpaid
In The continuous Of liquidation, The sum OF hy.s
million four hundred and cghtysi thousand seven hunde
and eight dollars. These payments although made at IN
price Of the respective classes OF stocks have bee
effected readily and 10 the general advantage OF the treasu
~ and have at the tine proved OF signal utility in III
relief they have incidentally afforded TO the money
ke the industrial and commercial pursuits OF IT,
country.
The second Of the above mentioned obiecs that the
duclion OF the tariff H OF great Importance, and The plat
suggested BY the Secretary of the Treasury which
duce The duties certain articles and 10 add the se
list many articles taxed and especially such So enter 10
;nanula cturc and largely at ALL produced II
country is commended your candid and careful
side.aton
You will find in The report Of the Secretary Of The Treasury
also abundant proof Of the entire adequacy Of the pesen
fiscal system all tho requirements Of the publ
service and that, while properly administered operate
the advantage Of the community in ordinary business
lalions
Respectfully ask your attention 10 sundry suggestions
J. Improvements ia the settlement OF accounts especially q
regards The large of outstanding arrears due 10 tn
government aud Of other reforms in The administrative nc
ton Of his department, which indicated by the Secreta
ry also the progress made in the construction Of
rlne hospitals cusIomhouses, and Of mint in Cali
fornia and office In the city Of New York. heetoor
provided for 6y Congress- and also the eulineny sue
cessfn progress Of he Coast Survey and Of The Lghous
, Board
Among the Objects etitiug your attention will be mpor
ant recommendations from The Secretaries War and Navy
am fully satisfied that The navy the United States ia no