The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-12-25

anCe VuIpNTHEU,
and material improvements, rendered it for long |
time an object Of marked attention to the other |
States, and a model OF good government. Unlortu-
nately the last disturbances, involving, as tney &C.
several other countries have diminished the conl-
depce that was heretofore felt In its institutions but
Chill entered first upon the road OF material progress
She follows middle course, and her future advance
nent and prosperity may be hopefully looked lor III
due time. -,
But there are certain foreign influences which
materially affect the condition Of these South mer
States Of America. This is an influence which is
gaiDipg force and efficacy day by day; and more ID
the only influence which can ultimately restore peace
and tranquility to these States TIE th secret y 81 1
of its governmental Liberty 80 peculiar TO
the Saxon as to render 1t sup rene in the COM
Hercia world. This is the race which forms one OF
the most powerful nations in Europe-wMch ma: IN
vaded ana conquered the rich territories OF ASIA
which has even penetrated into AFRICA by the Cape
OF Good Hope and the river Niger. In che islands
sprin cling up which, like other British colonies are
essentially republican. In the British domiUlons,
scattered over every quarter OF the GLOBE are 70 DC
found the main features OF dempcrsuc institnlions
Aris.Ocracy is it were, accidental lnstltutlon
local and COZ fined to the British Islands Alone IL
is rot carried eseTbeIeit is not transmitted to the
col ,n,es, which in themseves may be regarded as
independent 6emocra based upon the foundation
of liberty. This liberty Is the essence OF good gov
er, ment. 1t has contributed to the greatness OF
nation which from its commercial Intercourse with
ences that operate avcrably upon the South Anerl-
can RI publics.
Our author next eLters upon an historical review
Of t. eee States He gives some idea of their con-
ditiOn as Spanish colonies in the eighteenth cen.
fury Jorje Juan and Antonio de UIlos travelled
through South America to report officially on the
state Of the colonies The following are some o. me
grievances on which they reported:-injnstce 10
The public tribunals; corruption in the Judges, and
in the courts OF ecclcsia stca Jurisdiction; gross cor
rupion in the church, inhuman avsri OF tue priest
] ALL, aJ1n yynp If nnnko AM VrtQ
who were considered the most disordery class III
Peru appropr atipg to themselves the property of
deceased persons; corruption and avalice OF public
tficals Such WAS the state OF the colonies tnen
and if these enorDl,es have disappeared 10 some
places or EitigaJed in others, they are ch'eny
owing to the introduction or new principles O. gov
ernraent release from colonial desDotism. their indie
pendenGe and the present responsibility OF those IN
authority towards the people.
A tulIher examination into the colonization OF
these States, the education Of the people, and the
Urlhes us doAn I, the present position of Monte
| Wceo ann BueLcs Ayes II must be observed that
!Lsle have been many political changes ana counter
changes since the date of tbis treatise. He specu
| lG,es, however, correctly on their ending quar-
ieis In 81 these SOU tbbles at Montevideo rival po
hilcsDs seem 10 be srtuated by nothing else thaa
peIstnal nostil'tles Revelations take place Only t.
excite IN the min1s OF the unsuccessful party de-
| sire fer revenge. We would wish to believe tina.
| rnoer republic individual prettnsiors aad parry
questions might be easily settled by universal suE
! iIaee. But such Is lot the case here. These OIL
Spanish colonies have taken the name without
adopting tue institute ms Of a republic. To False
pretexfs Tor their quarrels, party accuses the
other OF intriguing with foreign Powers, as il
foreign Power 81 aoy mportance would care Whistler
the ministers Of the President belong to this or that
Size OF the question The only question that could
possibly atfrsc the attention of she great maritime
Powers of Europe ard America towards Mosteyideo
is, that peace ana tranquility should reign and that
security TO commerce should De finally established in
this unhappy republic Uruguay has enormous
loses to ferar; wisdom is required to enab her 20
psy Oft Der debts 10 Btazil and Francs. These
troubles have dliec ny her sources Of national pros
per!ty, and are Still adding 70 her expenditure Ii
seems to inst The leading politicians of these
Southern republics ore swayed more by passion than
by reason shd the dictates OF common seuse.
The Cuban View or the Invasion or Lower
California.
From Il o Diario CO L. Marina December Ill
Our hood boiIs with anger and Just Indignation as
we refer to The atrOcious ard Unprecedented counts
which we publish elsewhere in this MORNINGS issue.
NtXico, our peaceful Ieghbor Mex, co. without for
eign enemies devoted +, tue task of interior reor-
aanizatcn, hos been invaded by n crowd of despera-
does, who have not Only overturned egiti mate right
but have set at nsught aDj trodden under foot the
sacred principles OF u stlce, and the theories OF mo-
dern. civilization. Only by looking back to the
epochs OF bBrba ism, when Norman pirates Invaded
and devastated the wild coasts OF the Old World can
there be fould parallel to the crime of these new
Californian pirates. But the acts OF tie former were
uot like the latter, the acts of members of civilized
society in mitigation Of which ignorance cannot be
PIE dt a, nor 8pgbt that diminish the eXeCraxiOn
their col Duct mgrits
TIE ihehessi il complete for there is not an excuse
which would SEEN T. give On honest appearance 10
these agfressions Ne aggrayaton on the part Of
Mexico has been alleged, since that country hos
cou mited Outrsges aud it had, they Judd not
have reached such obscure individuals the au-
thors OF this crime For the rest the ridiculous
abtmpabe, aD0 threa0bare excuse of propae add n
Is RAJ ting, stree Mexico is republic as well as the
LDitec States. Nor eau it be urged, as ground Of
attack, that Mexico secretly encourages conserva-
tIse pris jpes and seeks the elements OF power and
defiance in THOSE totelary ideas which would ,ntr.
ute ole dey 10 its aYgraIdiZement. No, thou.
und times, no; We repeat that 1t IS o cvlumny which
does not merit rfutation The expedition lately
contaminated vas projected when, under the nd.
miDi;tration o. General Arsta those democratic
principles prevailed in Mexico which have so encum |
beIsd the prosperity OF th,t unfortunate couutry
What 10 passing in Sonora admits Of no conceal |
menL The attack OF these pirates has hitherto |
been supported by Lo force. out consists in insa-
table cupidiy fer territory, to crafty which they
have framplcd under foot the very laws OF which |
they boast. We will not DO the government Of tie |
United States the injustice to suppose that they
taered no opposition TO the expedition; but their
opposition wa. unsuccessful But this same hypo-
thesis strengthens our argument, for the orr.
gin Of these cbimerical attempts was both H.
legal and democratic, aud its consequences will be
more evident IL The result prove favorable.
the Spanish Mexican race 10 Sonora seems des
Inhabitants Of California and in addition to this the
humiliation OF rldcule slso. These buccaneers wish
to briIg into practice, by the assumptm OF q poli-
cal prer ga'ive, the boosted principle Of equality,
contrary to the iLcna ions Of the people, VINO have
no wish to become alaalgamated with them. Lynch
law e sometimes ne ,essary, as la California to oh
.,n impor,ia Justice, when the people invested
with In poDs,le pow and are gnised only By
thtir own passions and inter-. pus olvm ilsass
like tb Sc Of the Spanish American pey vic .asrsd
which conquest has always respected as ~A'ieu
smopg modern nations. The question here becomes
one Of races. " il struggle to which party shall
become abfolate-a struggle for neither majority,
theory creed II is simply question Of life and
ceath snd in ts results will be the same that which
Grew forth The exclau alton, as poetic terrible,
ron The ancient historian: Va V,ctis'-a for the
conquered
Vim. N. Buckingham, Of New Milford, Gem, commit.
ted tuc de rscestl1 by ndps ball from . revolver