The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-08-18

The number Of persons employed either directly or
indirectly in the manufacture Of iron Is very con-
siderable. The annual money value Of their psoduc.
tons is little short OF thirty three millions Of dollars
In the statistics OF mining operations for the year
1848, (he latest Accessibility we dnd the total value
silver, tin, copper, lead ore, lead tharge, caamne,
zinc, pig ir0n iron, cast ir0n antimony, cobalt,
arsenic, sulphur, pumbago and coal, set down at
20 $50 500 FORMS If from this we deduct 1898 900
products which belongs to the State we have an ag
gregate Of 1885, GOO forms, or 8,l23,676 dollars
derived by private individuals from these mining
operations. The gold and silver included in this cal
culaton, and which amount respectively in value to
1907 and ia 1896 marks, are almost entirely abb
soibed by the coinage of the State but Austrian
coins, whose intrinsic real value exactly cores
ponds with that OF the denomination they bear, are,
IN dehance OF the severe laws which have been
framed to meet the evil melted down in considerable
quantities for the purposes Of trade The imports of
gold and silver in bars and ingots from foreign coun-
tries, are nearly balanced by the exports of gold
The exports in quicksilver amount to an annual
average of 234 100 lbs, about $295 1928 in value
Austria produces more raw copper than she con-
sumes which may be attributed to the fact that her
native ore s inferior to that of Russia and Sweden
1t may be said to attain its highest value when
used in the manufacture of percussion caps, gal
vanoplastc productions, and hardware in the latter
of which Austria carries on large trade with
lOItIku COuuIEleS. Lcau Is Also IOuUu IN 6IIlcle0t
quantity not only to meet the home demand. but to
supply the staple of considerable foreign trade II
would occupy too much space to 90 through the list
OF the different mineral productions which constitute
the chief sources Of her commercial wealth. and we
will therefore content ourselves with observing that
In Bohemia some Of the precious stones used in the
arts are to be met with such, for instance as the
garnet, ruby sapphire amethyst, hyacinth. jasper,
cornelian, and cacedony The greater part Of these
are to be found the estates Of Prince LObk0witz
and the Count Won SchOnborn.
1t is to be regretted that Austria does not c0ntri
butte to our collection complete series of specimens
of her mineral ores AT the London exhibition, al
though nothing like unity of purpose was visible in
the various mining establishments of the country
There was, however, much left to wish for even in
this collection, the more particularly when it was
compared with the complete and beautiful series
of British ores exhibited by Mr.. Samuel
Blackwell, and which formed one of the most
interesting features of the exhibition. No country
perhaps, possesses greater facilities for the assem-
blage of such collection than Austria. Besides the
Museum Of the School Of Mineralogy at Schemntz
in Hungary, there ia also the collection of the Mu
scum Of Industry at Vienna, and host of smaller
institutions Of similar character, difflsed through
out the country from which complete classification
of minerals might have been obtained. As we have
alluded to the Museum Of Industry at Vienna, a few
words respecting that remarkable establishment
may not be deemed out OF place. To the credit Of
Austria be it observed, thai alth ough the idea of
such an institution appears new to some of-he more
commercial and entcrprising States, it was formed
upwards OF thirty years ago, by Professor Won Kees
who was then chief inspector of factories Of the
Austrian empire. 1t consisted at first merely of the
raw produce and manufactured articles then ia use
In Austria but there were subsequently added to it,
by way OF comparison, vast variety Of the produc
tions of other countries The collection contains
upwards of $4,000 specimens and the descriptive
catalogue extends over $500 octave pages II forms
the NEST complete trade museum in existence
The manufacture Of earthen and stone ware Is car
red on with great success in several of the Aus
TRAN provinces, more particularly il Lower
value Of the articles produced in stoneware
and delft alone, is about 100000 forms, or
$l,225O00. There are extensive. manufactures
Of porcelain in Bohemia, and the productions
rson with those Of Sevres for the elegance of design
and purity and excellence of quality which they dis
play. The annual value of this manufacture, toge-
ther with others more or less directly connected with
it, is little short Of $2l 900, 900.
The manufacture of glass and mirrors constitutes
one of the most important branches of Austrian in
dustry, and forms prominent item In her exports.
The beautifully tinted and chastely cut glass OF Bo.
Of the salon in almost every civilized country and it
is now getting into general use for the decoration of
the dinner table, and even more ordinary purposes.
This is no doubt to be attributed to the reduction in
price consequent upon the improvements effected by
the application of science and the more extensive
developement of the manufacture. Glass-making is
one of the most ancient as it is also the most gene
rally diused of the industrial pursuits followed by
the people Of Bohemia. The low price and superior
quality OF the materials obtained upon the spot con-
joined with the experience and skill resulting
from long acquaintance with the different pro-
cesses, have combined to produce degree of
excellence in this manufacture which no other
people have succeeded in attaining. The specimens
contributed to the London exhibition were Of surpass
ing beauty. both as regards elegance of design and
purity and richness of cooring; and when we come
to notice this section Of the Austrian department in
our own exhibition, we have no doubt but that we
shall find the same qualities displayed. The statistic
results Of glass manufacture show, for the whole Of
the Austrian dominions, an annual production of
AZ 900 900 pounds of glassware aud mirrors in value
amounting to more than $s,siO00O Out Of this,
the exports Of Bohemian glass alone amount to
nearly So 100000.
OF silk, Austria possesses more abundant supply
than any other State in Europe. In the Lombardo.
Venitian provinces the cultivation of the silkworm
and the manufacture of silk itself are carried on
upon very large scale, and we have seen some spe
cimens from Milan, which, for elegance of design
and richness of quality, might have been compared
to anything produced from the Lyons looms. The
production OF cocoons throughout the Austrian do.
miniOns amounts annually to about 100000 cwt., of
the value Of s22 900. Lombardy alone possesses
3,O6s reeling establishments, (for the preparation
of the cocoon into raw silk,) with 81 1927 ket-
ties, employing 1880 men, without taking
total number Of kettles may be estimated at 40 OOO
giving occupation to about 95,0 900 persons, for fifty
days in the year. This estimate does not include
the province of Venice, in which about half the
number of hands are employed. The Tyrol con-
tains $50 reeling establishments, with 1856 kettles
and about Is, 600 workmen. The value Of the total
production Of raw silk in the Austrian dominons is
estimated at upwards Of ga, 100000 The raw silk
undergoes further preparation in the throwing mills;
but the whole mass Of the production is not thus
worked up within the empire for the exports of raw
silk are found considerably to exceed the imports.
balance of raw silk, amounting to $50 900 lbs is
taken eff by foreign consumption and the other
3,5ls 500 lbs. retained by the States of the en-
pire, twothrds Of the latter being worked up In
Lombardy alone, which province is reckoned to
possess 500 throwing mills. with ,239 900 spndes.
The production is about 9S9 900 lbs. of tram and
1,ls9000 lbs of organzine, making together 49,
500 lbs. Of thrown silk. The throwing mills OF
Venice exhibit proportionate results. The throwing
processes impart to the total production of raw silks
in the whole empire an increase in value Of upwards
of one million Of dollars. The further conversion Of
the thrown silks into silk goods is almost exclusively
confined to Vienna. Milan, and Como, but manufac
lures in which II forms part Of q mixture, have