The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-10-28

sds ~ tie OHIO river ssd for . littis way
s, s TS S.s ssd iS. sni for so%
psres asd passs hss bstUkss other two States in
ne e:.s q tasxs ssA say. o. the ether sides she i
rospssiy shs = - helpless q would Be- the eagle
.as sr 70, u. sSs To q. sm I sSs surface
n the earth and soar above the clouds. Ohio ON
esssrs q tks Union in one direction and then, she is
eordsrsd the side by the Ohio river, and on
the other BY the great lakes Thus she open and easy
Of two sides least Of her whole length, and
has AL the convenience Of commercial inlet and outlet
she could desire and thus IT Is she stands upon the
pathway Of the States and Is the thoroughare Of their
commeres. In word she Is In geographical locality
and comparative commercial Importance the Nicaragua
Of the niied States But sir, what have said of this
relates 70 her natural advantages only remains to be
said in justice TO her, and is high praise that Ma
ture has been bcuDtifu 10 her, she has in the liberal
spirit Of the been mindful Of these ayors and faith
fui TO herself Under political system State is the
sole and exclusive sovereign OF all the territory
other State, the general government, can enter
her boz ders 10 make foot Of Railroad canal any
chosen could have refused 10 become the Of
the trade and travel Of other States by emitting herself
10 furnish refusing to let others the necessary
channels OF transit and transportation. And thus she
might have shut herself In and her neighbors out for
while at least like China and Japan and remained she
began, wilderness the while But she enlightened
and WISE and not only invited her sister States and all
the world besides To visit her and through her terri
tory but she put her shoulder the wheel of inter-
nal Improvement offered and facilities for
the introduction OF capital and labor from all quarters
Capital and labor came and having done the work which
brought them in they sat down residents
to enjoy the fruits Of the good they had wrought Such
the causes which have made her what she Sixty
years ago she wilderness indeed with less than
80, 000 Inhabitants. Now she Is peoped by more than
1000, 900 of human souls, is cultivated like garden,
has long SINCE Of her early achievements, con
nected the waters of the Ohio with those OF the lakes
by canal and has some 500 miles Of rar ad in active
S with 18th nssn 500 , %0r: in Of
world, because finding herself in position so mpor-
tant, and charged with trust so honorable she was
also mindful Of the high duties and heavy responbli
ties which, cidents to that position and that trust,
devoved her win pursue this view of the subject
farther than to express the hope that the parallel
far strkingly existing between Nicaragua and Ohio
will not be permitted to end where have marked it but
ton and approaching the honor Of the trust implies
will also like Ohio be mindful of the duties and RESPONSE
bties this respect which dsvovs upon herr and with
zeal and energy at home aud wise beray in her foreign
policy, that she viii thereby soon make herself what
nat9Is intended her to b. and it !. her
similar, even inferior natural advantages, and BY
putting in practice similar means other nations
and the good of the world, why may not Nicar.
do the sames 1t is certainly in her power and
disposition. The United States earnestly desires to ace
her so engaged And even takiog the lead and not
her in the contamination Of work noble and use
full 1t cannot be too often repeated safely for
gotten, that the time has gone BY when individuals,
lows stand STILL in the general progress of the world
which characterizes the present age especially when
movement. The time has arrived, be assured when no
nation perform well the part assigned them in
inactive when all others are moving and acting And,
them apart rcm the necessities Of the time and OCCASION
how much better and noble to mount the Of
progress, and ride on to fortune and to fame, q
leading spirit than to stand, idly and inactive,
looking on while Others are passing BY or
whelmed by force which may successfully
honorably resist l win not-I cannot believe that one
will prove insensibe to the considerations from which 1t
proceeds From these general considerations ! pass
subsistng and which ;may be properly established
between your government and mine, and to the
principles upon which those relations should rest In
ton from your honorable Secretary of Foreign Affairs,
which bad the honor to receive yesterday struck me
with much force and afforded me very high
He pleased to characterize the present federal Exc
cuve Of the United Satesthe administration Of Gen.
Pierce, as eminently American This is high praise,
sir which speak confidently, and not without pride in
SAYING know to be true And l must not omit
Of sosa a IL tine
to mime It is not only true but peculiarly
significant. The terms embody principle Of immense,
Of vital Importance to you and to uindeed to every
ton on the American continent, who has and who de-
sires to maintain republican government At home,
publican am happy to find it 20 evidently well under
stood and appreciated here and at very introduction
to you to be greeted not only with its enuncaton, but
with application of it just and at the time
graceful furnishes evidence which my judgment approves
received but welcomed as messenger Of peace good
will and operation between the two nations united to
teress and cordial symsstS1 onas as pood OMEN
of future relations which this day nauguraes The
principle Of which am speaking has been long snce.em
political formula Familiarity known there, and of
celebrity in other parts Of the world the " Monroe
doctrine" 50 called from the distinguished patriot Pre-
iden from 1916 to 1925 who first enunciated 1t in distinct
TERMS and gave it the ininsa Of his high Off ;is
ton. As this doctrine, familiar in name and SO i'm
extent
places been both misunde TODD and mre presented
nit me the use of a few words for what understand and
feel authorized to declare its meaning be- The
first official announcement of this doctrine was made
time there was reason to believe that the
OF Europe chagrined and alarmed the progress which
republican government of which the United States had
set the first example, was making upon the American
continent and at the influence it likely upon
the affairs of the world at large, had formed alliance
among themselves and intended to their com bined
power for the purpose Of Ieintroducg their system Of
restore to the who had lost them what had been
provinces, colonies, and vceroyalties but then
republican States, who had thrown off the foreign
yoke and established their independence. This pur
pose had more immediate and direct reference to the
then recent and heavy sse' in this respect which
Spain had sustained and Of which you part And
had it been accomplished you would have been bought
sgain and probably would now be groaning under the
yoke Of Spanish tyranny As the Oldest largest, and
ost powerful Of the American family of republics, the
ard her right forth In the name and behalf Of
free principles for the protection of the American
tnent against the then msditaed re ton of the
European system Of government. And James Monroe,
chief declared that this shoud not be done
What have been the precise effect of the position
thus assumed by the United States upon this purpose of
the monsrchica alliance do not undertake at this time
to say but it is certain that active organized effort
afterwards made to execute it, and the whole
scheme frsm whatever cause proved abortve, and
abandoned. Such as have stated as the position
sumed by the United States this occasion,
only one part Of the declaration of President Monroe
in his message to Congress. He went farther, for,
he said himself, his object was not merely to
meet the exgencies of the particular occasion, and
defend against present and pressing evil. but he
deemed it important to announce a principle and
tablish upon 1t rule Of action for all time to come
whereby should be made safe and in the enjoy
ment Of heritage Of independence and freedom against
any European aggression interference. This he did,
ny declaring, in addition that, from that time the
American continent not to be subject to colonization
fr governmental occupation. byany European power;
and That should any attempt be made to violate this prn
cpe the United States would regard it act danger
TO her welfare and treat il accordingly These
40 the declarations of the President, this sub
and In snhstance hay hraaa stated