The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-01-22
I1s Probability OF ES>Snshang Repuslis
New YoRS, Jan. II, 1852.

DLAR sIh-lLe OuDan JunLA would reel under
great obligation il you would publish in your estima-
bic paper the enclosed answer TO your Washington
correspondent, whose letter was published in the
HERALD Of the l4th inst
With the assurances Of our respect, we remain
your obedient servants,
G. BErAScoCRr CIsSERos, President OF c. j.
PoRFIsIo yALESrE, Secretary C. J.
THE REPLY.
I Washington correspondent of the HERALD pro
scses TO demonstrate the impossblity OF establishing
a republic in the island OF Cuba. Others have treat
ed this idea as unjust aud anti American. declare
il retrogressve, unphilosophic, and opposed TO the
best principles and interests OF humanity.
This opinion rests on the supposed necessity OF pO-
ltcal education, preceding political regeneration, SO
that if this order Is not observed the change
from monarchica to republican habits must inevta-
bly, produce anarchy and confusion. II your cores
pOndent had proposed 70 demonstrate the utility OF
preparatory education for the exercise Of republican
liberty, We should be entirely of accord but to
tain the mpOesbity Of establishing republican
government in Cuba, because it has hitherto been
under monarchy, and is not suitably prepared, is
absurdity, and involves besides, the eternal con-
demnaton OF its people to servitude for their rulers
have vital interest in not educating them for the
enjoyment OF liberty Ii this false idea were admit
ted as rule it would end all theories for improving
the political civil, moral, and religious condition OF
man In what manner IL people subJugated by the
tyranny of kings to improve their condition. All the
these tyrants, and it is their first interest to keep
Their vassals in ignorance OF their rights
How can expect them to permit TO their SUBJ
ects apprenticeship TO the habitudes OF liberty TO
learn how TO overthrow their oppressors, and convert
themselves into an independent people? This cor
respondent demands an impossibity and doubtless
he does not profess liberal principles, as his doctrines
would condemn large portion of the world to servi-
tude. According to his doctrines, Louisiana, Florida,
Texas. California. and New Mexico, ought not TO
have been annexed and passed thereby so suddenly
from all the influences OF absolute monarchles to the
OF democratic institution, because they were not
prepared by previous political education, like the
thirteen colonies which formed the American con-
federation; yet the change has taken place neverhe-
less without anarchy or confusion, and they have
passed from the condition OF IN ensaved people TO
that of free and independent States exercising under
the federal system all the rights Of seitgovernment.
This writer il he is not disposed 10 the cause
of despotism should see that this doctrine OF first
teaching the habtudes Of liberty to those i'll the con-
dition Of slavery implies contradiction. OF such na
ture that it cannot be reconciled. The principles OF
republic confer on lis citizens the rights OF sove-
reignty-they rest on all the enJoyments OF liberty
and on the eternal laws Of equality. To understand
and to know that man is born free and independent
that he is equal in rights to any other manthaf This
II not the exclusive patrimony of any man or
family, and at the very same time to be slave, the
pupnet OF privileged class To hold his person, his
family and his fortune subject To the Will OF deSpo
tic king Nothing can be more contrary to reason.
To expect an ensaved people like that OF Cuba,
where the philosophy OF Is not only I'M
known but prohibited '-whcre there is no right Of
representation the faculty Of thinking is pun
ished with exile, and the faculty of printing with
death-to learn 10 be free before they enter upon po
litica regeneratonis to ask the impossible 1t il 10
forget or deride every sentiment OF human justice
A people in such situation can never hope to pre-
pare themselves for an independent existence while
they are under the dominion of their barbar0us op-
pressors- humanity. not less than the science Of re-
publican government, counsels them to come forth
from this state tor only by this course is enancpa
ton practicable, and without 1t, they are condemned
remain forever in the suerngs OF this ignominios
condition What matters il ii they commence their
preparation from the very day they become the mas
tiers of their destiny even though they commit
and suffer evilss Very inferior indeed are they
the evils of slavery for life Is it better perchnce
be the serf of tyrant than the citizen Of repub-
lie although the worth and exercise OF popular soye-
regnty be not wholly understood
The confusion and anarchy of the Spanish Ameri-
can republics are cited as examples OF countries
which have not received any political educa-
ton before entering upon independence. In
fact they had none, but AT present they have
attained sufficient, il not to sufocate personal
ambitious, at least enough to acquire the know
ledge Of selfgovenment and its application 70 the
policy and administration OF the country. me alb
sence Of union of habitua obedience to the law and
the want of individual abnegstion for the general
good, proceed doubtless from their not having yet
learned 10 sacrifice personal interests on the altar OF
their country: but this does not exclude the hope OF
their learning in future day TO become republicans,
like Washington or Franklin. When the rules and
institutions OF republcansfn are established, they
are immediately followed by civil and religious edu.
cation by industry. by philanthropy and by all forms
Of social Improvement In all these Announcements.
those nations have much TO do, VINO. sprnging from
the Spanish stock did not receive such benefits: but
hey begin 10 enjoy them since the OF their potl-
cal regeneration. They need some more time TO
complete fhslr. republican education: but aSsuI.dy
they will att.1u IL. The old hahitudes of people
are not destroyed at once: their age is Of centuries
When people is born 10 liberty, but whose antece-
dents are oityrauny, topcrate- ~ with an indvidu
al-its infancy is helpless and inefficient, physically
well as morally IL crows. acquires strength, anu
develops it faculties in proportion. according a. 1t ~
guided by good bad principles VIII your CORES
pondent say the Spanish American republics can
never come 10 the enjoyment OF the fruit they have
planted with their democratic institutions!
He appears 10 think 80. when he bases his arrl-
ment on The influence o. climate. He sIys-"Iher
natural love OF pleasure stimulated by the -ednctioDS
of a climate Of almost unequaled s1lubrity, nntits
them for the more grave attention 20 more nperd-
tive duties. and oitcntmes sacrifices which each
citizen of republic IS expected 20 perform or 10 sub
init to- for the public service. If this were the
Spanish American nations would never have bought
their liberty at such c'-t 81 blood. They had
longer Struggle, shed more blood, sJcrnced more
lives and interests, and IN many instance had o.
fight and to suffer with heroic endurance than
even the North Americans. And are these men in
adequate to the exigencies Of The spirit Of repab
hcani-ml
hnuri~hes in all climates. God j. too infinitely Just
10 denv the greatest OF his blessings to the children
OF the tropics and If they condemned not w
enjoy them in peace better confusion and disorder III
the midst of free Institutions than the horrors Of po-
litical slavery-'.oaio jdgtfjera,a Hbcratea qnrm
opietnnrserrria,a. ASH The spanish Americans
II they wish to return n the dominion Of the King
Of CASTLE. And more what would be their situation
to-day if they were still Spanish colonies! How tar
would they have advanced in the political education
reouisite for their Interior liberty: II l. certain they
would not be a. forward in this respect ~ we now
find Cuba Her geographical position mas brought
her into contact with oil the civilized nations OF the
world who go there 10 exchange their commoditie,
for her precious and 3boundng productions. Her
proximity and intimate relations with the United
States, and the large number Of CubanS who have
been educated here, have spread throughou! the
island those seeds % liberty Of order, aud Of union,
which win make Of her Independent nation. With
out falling into the anarchy to which Der sister, On
the continent were delivered.