New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-11-28

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! eent,A A,r M nirilnN ANHhr, iwr'Nstnra, " 'hls
tiN 10 t,trNh t,nir hrrh ~ The NET W. 'nhr nv Nrt
No,,s ,hAi Mn, DO rNhlra ih'Nuph 'hr wet I'VE we
! ~ VpNN rleN ~ Nhl'Nete h"s h's wN'r g'r'e NN'
~ t,r whe,v ,hNe WNs 49, wvHne ~ isrhafaHs W H'
utt \, hand Ne ihe SAWS rAss h,uual ln 'asi r,s'"
,t,, n,e srurh h, ihe h,iss " the hitch tl'r'"',
which 10 vvmrned M ihuh 81, einrl" 'uNH nvi l"''r
i've Meles prei liis plan riA tirula' llueh 70 ~"
NvW tbt u hoe ut,ei hpin hppn an,pessihl in s"'"
II tle H,st tlNs hut Nv Che uertsans, ilei pssh leg
tct With Misllos IA hunrhes liha slru brush NE
dnvuib Ia tlis Wes. that u lid nut mako wlnl rn""su
to blow hwAt Che cotton. Ani consequently " wnnn'
e,uuud ihe c,lndp, anil stopped Tho maehne Whit
upn erd nearly oil hia inhtntotS, made tbe
htshe, lndot IN iuuf vnrs. 60 create cnft'ht
o all a. drive The soften iipp the brush 4" Tho NM
,ovnh A. this current came w ut tho front thfonsh
The allur srci aud dirt sucked up aud carried bhnh
m,rs of Ices at u with The clean cotton Singular a.
II ma, appear We have heard many planters object 10
the proved gins. because They did not throw thcr
dirt umonr the cotton alleging that bnl,a win ten per
cent ot l,o,c dirt. rold tot Just IA much pound ~
that which was perfectly clean; that buyers only lO0S
"a the quality o the staple and not AZ the dirt a. tho
pckcr will throw that all out There was dilcnlty
However, in the wing brush, which has always been
r,,n hut for n long time could not be avoided sweep
ing tlc cotton from one-quarer OF the circle OF the
Jaw il wadded IL together, often In such manner that
none ot tie subsequent operations entirely removed a.
90 but what IL would show in the cloth The cylinder
brush revolving with such rapdity takes of the cotton
from single tooth at time, and leaves 1t as light aud
free the spinner could desirc. To create the ncces
cary current Of wind drive the lint away, Mr. Car
Ner has attached four sheet iron wings two inches wde
in q cross TO each head of the brush-cy nder winch
draw in the air from the sides Of the case, leaving the
NOTES and seeds 10 fall in perfect eddy in front This
sclne viii drive the lint through spout sixty feet
lonp, and il utterly impossible for the cotton to WIND
around tic shaft creating IRE by friction, By which
many gin houses Rave been burned The brush Itself
can make but little wind, the brstles are in single
rows. about On inch long; but the fans do create
strong current and the cylinder being round aud male
light il can be at much higher rate OF speed than
wing-brush.
Each Of the bands are kept tight by what is called
an idler, that is, looFe pulley.
Another very great improvement is in the boxes, or
bearings Of tie shafts. They are constructed upon
the principle Of universal joint, selta Jusiing so that
Gin placed upon the floor OF the worst kind OF an old
log Clubhouse, the shafts would still run level and, OF
coufse run much easier and free from danger of heat
inc, which is very great III some OF the 0d-iashlOhed
gins
Several attempts have been made TO substitute some
thing else in place of the saw teeth pull the lint from
the soed.
few years ago Parkhursts GIN it was said, was go
pa TO supersede all Others As he has not seen TT to
place one Of his gins in the Exhibition, we cannot give
him the benefit of q description. There is, however
another one of very similar construction except the
manner of forming the teeth. Those OF Parkharsts
are made of fat wire set in llets OF leather Ike card
teeth and those OF the gin in the Exhibition are cut
uDon one edge of fattened steel wire which IS wound
round wooden cylinder about foot in diameter, form
ing a solid face of short steel teeth, which card the
lint from the seed, the cotton being placed in hopper
in The same manner before described but OF course
there be CRATES the teeth are as close together
as in common eoalse cotton card. Right over the
card roller there is an iron luted roller some four
inches in diameter, which works close down TO the
teeth that seed cannot pass and the act0n OF uat IL
10 work them back as fast as the card roller brings
them up. The brush is in the ordinary form OF nearly
all cotton gins, divided into four WINGS with 6rlstes
uTon the outer edge, hch take the lint from the card
in tie form of batting. This kind of machines make
very handsome work, but not so fast as the sawglns
mandatory of Parkhursts gins was established at
Augusta Ga about three years but so far as our
knowledee extends they have not displaced the other to
any great extent notwithstanding such men as Col.
Wade Hampton of Columbia, s. C., and other gooi
cotton planters have certified to the excellence oil their
work.
Gin made by Bates, Hyde & Co., called the Eagle
Gin, is fair representative of the larger portion in
operation in the Southern States-that is the best OF
them, as we have seen great many upon rOugh-and
tumble plantations, which would be greater curioses
if exhibited here, with all their surroundings, than the
CRYSTAL Palace itself This machine contains 90 saws
is f ct long feet inches WIDE and feet inches
high The situation OF the various parts is described
in the Carver Gin.
Upon nearly all the plantations, gins are driven by
horse or mule power. very few drivenby water,
and perhaps many there are States growing cotton
by steam The machinery Of the horse power is gener-
ally of tie very toughest description. An upright shaft,
with four levers for the horses supports wooden cog
wheel eight ten feet across the cogs of which drive
q spur wheel upon which is drum for the gin band.
This is placed in the lower stOy-he gin in the seconl
directly over the horse geering The lower story
generally open on three sides the fourth being the
lint room The cotton is stored in the upper room, TO
large extent where it is convenient to pass into the
gin The seed, which is as to of the weight, is
thrown out at window making enormous piles, and
the cotton blown from the gin into the lint ROOM is ia
ken from there to the great sweeppress outside, in
baskets. We presume there more gins in operation
that do not give bale (40O lbs day, than there are
which give three bales TO say nothing of the five which
il is cimed that the Carver gin can do in twelve hours
In the Agricultural Gallery among Ralph & Co.'S
implements there is hand gin of Is saws The frame
is feet inches wide, feet long, feet inches high
The construction is after the pattern of all the old saw
gins with hopper in front TO hold the seed cotton,
resting On the teeth Of the projecting through tho
crate bars back Of which is the fOurwing brush. On
the efthand side is a tennch crank and twentyinch
pulley upon the end of the saw-cylinder band from
which drives the brush. From fifty to one hundred
pounds can be gnned in dag upon a machine of this
kind though il is very difficult to keep up ythng
Ike tie proper rate of speed to do good work
The ginning Of upland cotton upon hand gins in this
country, is practiced 10 very limited extent except
upon a machine much in upon cotton plantations,
which gins, cards and spins upon six spndles all al
one operation.
seaIsland cotton is nearly all ginned by hand. upon
gins of the most primitive construction possible to con-
ceive Though we have in the exhibition, we are
fortunately able to give full description, from notes
taIen upon Edisto Island, s. C.. in where there
,re twenty of them In one row Let the reader