Indiana American. [volume] (Brookville, Ind.) 1833-1861, 1853-11-04

SOW, 10 reap aud now, aud even 10 eat aud
sleepl II they do, then they may find time
" they will. TO learn how TO apply their IA.
Dor TO tho best advantage as well as TO quality
themselves by rest aud refreshmeni for work.
Ing at all. venture the assertion that there
are twenty thousand farmers la Indiana who
woald have been weallhler as well az more
useful, more respected. and happier men this
day, N they had absiranlea tsa hours por week
from all their adult life, aud devoted those
hours % rcadlng aud thought, In part with a
view 10 improvement In their own vocation,
but In part also locking TO higher and noble
snds than even this. Some men waste tho
better part OF their lives la dissipation aud
idleness, hut this does not excuse In others
the waste Of time equally precious In mere
animal effort 10 heap up goods aud comforts
which we must leave behind us soon aud for
ever.
II read very few old books-i can hardly
tind time 10 master the best new ones; but
have no doubt that those who do read the
very Oldest treatlses on Agriculture which
have survived the ravages OF time, will hna
Cato. or Seneca. or Columella, or whoever
may be the authsr In hand, talking TO the
farmers Of his day very much Us our farmers
are now generally talked TO. aud inculca-
ting substantially the same truths; "Plow
deeper. fertiiize more thoroughly. cultivate
less land, aud cultivate II better"-such, /
have no doubt, has been lhe burden of Agrl.
cultural aimon,tIon aud sxhor,ation f,om ,b.
days OF Homer and Moses. Ii seems lucred
ible 10 modern sceptioism that millions Of
| fi,br,vs couId have for ares inh.hI,.I ,ha
narro. and rocsv land Of I,dsn, ana /, would
bs hard TO believe II wa we're Ignorant of ths
A Agrarian law of Mo.ss, under which. as pop.
ulntIon Increased. tha Iual,.n.ble patrimonv
of each family hscsus. smaller and smalIer.
aud ths oultIy.,Ion of cour.a hst,sr and h.t.
Tar. ysrv fas, aS "a ara a, All aware of An.
ay.,.,,., " -. ll. go Is s.h,..,-
al a. ,ho,Isah s.iaa,ie. c.I,n,s Nsnv
c.,,,l, as s''I g.. '...s.ns re- da,l.s3
gsn.,,us .va. .nh.,s, ~ ' ts .sar as,s, We, from
= sIn,,s .es' Ths .,o,y Of c,,ms, ,yho
was eom.sllsd ,o ssll of half his little estate
or r.,ss, =, 30 80 saa WAS most s.r.s,hlv
snrns,ssd hv i.din, ,hs r,ward af 6,s IA hor
ant. ~ ls,.s x,h.e /, wss restricted Ia the
rsmsinIa,, h,l, "a s,h.n i, xa. bestoyved o n
ths xhais. was verv ,,u,rent In Roman liter-
atu,s tvo thoua,ad year. moo. Wby II n
that men persist In running over much land,
insisad or thnyoughlv cultiyatiug a Lttls. de.
nvIng moi onlv Srisnos. hut Esoerienes. th.
wisda,n ~ ,ha ,,ssIIs as wsIi AZ ihat of ths
laboratory. can only be- accounted for bv
.upuosiug thai men have n natural passion
for annssatlou. "A urids In extended dominion.
~ sIsa ,ss.sn,acs, ~ e,lio,slns good sdyics
surely II w ,sdow ever cried In the stres,s.she
hss been bawllug hers.lf hoarse these TWEEN.
ty.fiye centuries against the folly OF main.
talning fences and paying taxes on a hun
dred acres of land In order 10 prow n crop that
might have been producsd from ten
But the sinners against light aud knowi.
edge Ia our day have far less excuse than their
remote aneeslors, or even their own grand.
fathrIA II was always we'll 20 urge deem
plosin aud the like, but 80 long as the plow
was bat a iorAsd log or stisk. with ana rse.e
sharpsned for coulter, and The other en-
ployed as u beam. II was hardly possible 10
plough thoroughly. la our day. however,
the advance from wooden ploughs through
iron p0inls aud iron mold boards, 10 iron
plowr, steel points. steel plows, aud sub.oIl.
ing, has been so signal aud decisive that the
shiitlusa creature who with his two lean pc.
nles skins aud skins over the fields he ought
either % cultivate or let alone, scratching
/ their aurfacs mildly 90 d treth OF three or
four inehea-sIns against such aa array of
light aud knowledge that he l. far less excuse.
BILE than hla ancestors who d!d not pretend
10 plow NJ all, but stuck In n seed here aud
there as lhey could dad hole or make one
aud trusted 10 Proyidence TO give them an uu-
deserved return 10 their upirll.rss and frivolous
efforts.
! The three main features Of Agricultural nd i.
yaneement among the Anglo Saxon race now
ardays ares |. Daep Flowing, or Sub.Soil-
Ing. =. DraInlngi >. Irrigation, AIN quite
aware that Draining should take Precedence
IN the order OF time, yet | believe, IA point
OF fact, Deep Flowing has led 10 Draining,
/ by demonstrating It's necessity. aud not
Draining TO Deep Flowing We suffer Inn
mensely from diouth IN this county. Ffob-
ably the aggregate annual loss from drouth
aloue throug hout the Union deciiedy exceeds
taking one year with another, the entire COS,
/ of our Federal Government. Yet we know
that the roots of most plants will descend TO
moisture, no matter how dry tho surface, II
the earth beneath them u mellow, porous,
aud Inviting. Hence We real 40 the immense
importance Of Deep Flowing, and, after doub-
ling our teams aud sinking our deepest plows
10 the beam, we summon 10 our aid tie Sub
Soil implement. aud go down depth beyond
that OF uny slug q furrow. But Wa soon find
that the pulyerizaton ol the subsoil, thus ut
tained, has no permanent effect; that the wa
Ter that teaches down 10 II settles Into a com.
pact, solid mass, which the roots canuot per-
forale; aud all ouf sub.solling needs to be
done over agaia. The remedy that readily
suggests itself |. the freeing Of the sub. soil
from water by drains suak below Il, say
three 10 six rods apart, AID filled half way w
with pebbes. with fiat stones forming sort
of culy.rt. or, still bstter, laid with drainlng
tile or hollow brick, placed end TO end, aud
forming A continuous channel from the high
es, part of any slop. or grade TO th. brook
winch drains Il. Aud now, the aub.soil,suppo-
s,ng m, drains we'll made aud the drainage.
wav suile,rnt. 4. readily fresd from any water
setiliup into a, ana Ionp retains the porous
auJ prIn.able cnaracles communicated TO IL
by dsro nj, wing
ar cnn,., ,h,s do.s no, .xhs,., IA. ,ood
effects of Draining Tn. sub.soIl. inns ioo..
eu.d and lra.d from eYoee.Iva moIsture. he.
.o,n.. .o,,,,, or eood i. all =, I,lnL A.
the ,n,s ,to,,,,y ,,hovo a, r,, ,h,, i, ~ "a.
nah = M e.sd,ng miami. no on.. who has oh.
s.,y.d IN. ,.,s ys,a,.,,oa .,o,,in. on, ~
the ear,h bv ar,,uing or diggIns ca, douh,
! Instead of being like slough In wet wealth
A, and liks "A briek In dry the sub. soil r.taiua
/ !. ,,,c,.n, ,,oIs,,r. % ebs.r a.. ai.n,s h,,
,oo II,,ls 10 ,nao,s,s i,ssle And ,ha mean
,smnsr,t,,re ~ ,he sou' hllhs,ie low.,ed bv
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