The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-07-05

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These people between three and four hundred in
number. have appropriated to themselves the deserted
city OF Nauvoo and are repeating the experiment of
communism, under M CADET, man OF some literary
attainment, to whom these voluntary exiles much
attached. Leaving France because they found it i'm
possible to carry out their theory unmoested, they
emigrated en- n1dsse, to found in Western wilder
ness T" q new State series Of townships based on
community of interests, and to hich they might in
vte as an asylum, a the prescribed republicans Of
Europe"
From the materials OF the old Mormon temple
they have built good stone school house; they have
printing press, and publish two weekly papers, one
IN English and the other in German. Why they
choose German instead OF French is unaccountable,
as they are all from France, unless the injuries
they have received have inspired them with desire
to oblterate the memory OF them with the language
with which they were associated. They pay much
attention to education, have good public library
chemical apparatus, lectures &c. They claim to be
restorers OF primitive Christianity though tolerating
all religious opinions but insist upon the exercise of
Justice and brothery love as the only test Of Chris
hanity.
The property Of the community is owned in COM
mon, but each family has separate dwellings, or
apartments and eat at a common table. They have
one physician. who is empioyedRs public health
officer. They respect the marriage institution, and
encourage the formation Of marriages One OF the
conditions of admission reads thus -" He or she
must be temperate, without having any necessity for
using tobacco or strong drinks decent in words and
acts, careful and economical, must adopt true
married. No one can gain admttance unless by
contributing much as $50, part of which, with
any other property he may have contributed, is re-
stored to him if he wishes to withdraw. They have
farm and orchard, flour and saw mills, and carry
on several mechanical pursuits and will probably
hold together while the original emigrants retain
superior influence in the colony, but scarcely be
expected to survive the introduction of members who
have no bond OF sympathy with the exiles except
offer.
Icarius, we are told in escaping from the injustice
Of Mlnos, iew so high that the sun melted the wax
by which his wings were secured, and he fell into
the sea. The modern Icarians in endeavoring to
make heaven of earth, by means of communism will
probably find their cement dissolve by process as
iresistiBee in human aifairs-the ingress of oilers
and the discord OF ambition.
PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE HISTORY OF MAN.
10y CADET. the Nsuvoo Communist.
Labor or industry is the first necessity imposed by
Nature upon man.
At 6rst, and during long lapse of time, men fol
lowed no other occupation than hunting, fishing,
and harvesting tie fruits which grew spontaneously
around them.
Then certain people commenced the cultivation of
the SOIL and successfully invented the arts and the
sciences Of civilization.
Some Lations pursued agriculture and various in
dnstres and were liked and settled in certain coun-
tries, whilst others again were shepherds and no.
MAIDS, or wanderers.
This last class became warriors and conquerors.
Their conflicts were sometimes with each other, but
more often with their producing and immobile neigh
bOrs, the tillers of the SOIL
War, conquest, or wholesale robbery, by one peo-
pie against another became the universal custom
Upon the earth, aud the principal means of acquiring
pr9pse a y;.or u. r.non.,.s :, -,
him of his ocks bis fields, his fruits, and his habita-
lions.
Thenthe conqueror preferred slavery, or servitude,
or serfage to massacre and determination and thus
the vanquished became the slave OF the victor.
War, conquest, and slavery became the universal
aSxr :.
by barbarous one, by another civilized people,
all the vanqushed were reduced to slavery and sold
as brutes.
Then the human race found itself divided into
masters and slaves
The slaves labored, exercised the various indus
tries, and produced everything whilst the con.
querers, or the masters occupied themselves only in
consuming and enjoying themselves in idleness,
luxury, and debauch, holding themselves always
ready to crush any revolt Of their slaves.
And again, in their turn, almost everywhere the
conquerers were overcome, like tAe Romans, for ex-
ample, who, after having vanquished almost the en-
tire civilized world were themselves subjugated by
the barbarians who came upon them from the East
and from the North.
Then feudal monarchy everywhere established itself,
upheld by military and sacerdotal aristocracy.
Everywhere slaves were the only workmen; every
where the workmen were all slaves
Some titled the earth these were ploughmen or pea
SAINTS others exercised the arts Of industry, these
were africans mechanics; others served the masters
in their houses, these were domestcs or Wallets.
But If the masters, OF the aristocracy, happy,
satisfied and conservative, the slaves we're unhappy,
hopeless and revoutionist.
The human race thus divided into conserva-
tors, revolutionsts reiofmists
Almost all the Instructions were drowned in the
blood of the rebels; bat the conflict nevertheless
continued between the worknen, the slaves, the
voutionists and e masters the oppressors and CON
SENATORS.
After great number Of other reformers, Jesus al
length appeared, TO proclaim the fraternity of men
and Of nations equality, liberty, rcpublicanism and
even community deliver and regenerate human
y
Since then slaves or serfs have been affranchised
by Their masters seignors, or have atfianchised
Themselves by nsurrections and many revolutions,
especially in England, ia America, In France and in
Spain, have proclaimed in their written consttu-
tons equality liberty and fraternity.
But the workIaen on prolstarians, who are born IN
poverty, who have DO other property than their
labor, who often want employment, whose salary is
Insufficient and who form more than threetourshs Of
the human race, are still to-day, In the mass the