davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ohio organ, of the temperance reform. (Cincinnati, [Ohio]) 1853-1854, 1853-10-28
1oMuoh Labor On littIe land.

NNN~~AS- Af~nVA3 Va AASbA9 A@Auta
2 The FarmT's Companion, in an ar.
tiele on "Small Farms, marks, out
the following course for the farmerof
small capital 70 pursue: adoeoya Z
You have one hundred acres clear,
fifty of which you keep for pasture and
for meadow. Make up your mind to
work only twenty i've acres; the other
twenty-five being put down to clover
and timothy, as you best can. You
have manure enough in and about
your farm for six acres. This year
haul that on to your land, plough it,
and put in corn, with little ashes, and
if you can get it, slaked lime or plas-
ter to every hill, Plough twice as
deep as usual, and drag twice as
long, with a long-toothed drag, I'll
the land is like q garden. If you
have got thirty-five bushels Of corn to
the acre before, we can warrant you
now, seventy or eighty; for you cul-
tivate and hoe the corn twice as much
likewise. You double your crop at a.
very little increased cost Having no
more manure, you must depend on
deeper ploughing and better dragging
for the other ten acres for this year,
not forgetting to sow a little more seed
than usual, il it is oats or barley. In
the fall, SOW wheatwhere the corn was,
with the same care, and next Spring,
manure the next six acres for corn.
Yes, but you may manure the ten or
twelve acres; for you have had twenty
five more acres for hay, or oat straw
cut green for fodder, and can keep
twenty-five more cows for the winter;
and knowing the value Of the manure,
that it is as important to you as the
very sod itself, you will take much
better care Of it.
Thus, every two or three years, all
your land will get dressing Of ma
nure, and every year you will have a
different crop on it. Every year it
will improve; and you grow rich with
about half your work. But after
while, SOW a few acres Of this land
with clover and timothy, and break up
as much Of your old grass. You will
get double the crop ofhay on the piece,
and a good crop Of grain on the old
piece. in one word, of all men in the
world, a farmer should work small
pieceofland; work Thoroughly; keep
all the stock he can to make manure;
keep the manure dry; and he will not
be a small farmer long. We have
tried it, and we know it. For the
rest, take and read good farmers
newspaper. M ag .a r1#
The Ohio organ, of the temperance reform. (Cincinnati, [Ohio]) 1853-1854, 1853-10-28

These crops were accurately ascer-
tanned, that Of l849, under the United
States; that of 1850 and 1851, by
the State Assessors. One is the worst
crop in many years, that of l849 j
and one (that Of 185O,) the best; so
that, on the whole, the AVERAGE is a
fair one. The crops of 1852 and
1858; will not be far from that OF 1851,
that is an average.
There is nothing less understood,
than what is really an AVERAGE crop
of any staple grain. We hear con-
tinually from 70 and 80 bushels of
corn to an acre, as if that were the
common crop; and Of 40 bushels of
wheat per acre in England, as if that
were the common crop in that country;
but in fact it is no such thing. An
average crop for an entire country,
must include all varieties Of soil as
we'll as all varities of seasons. In
some seasons, the crop fails almost
entirely (; and one kind of soil, will
not pu duce half as much ms another.
We have looked over the Agricul-
tural Report Of the State Society, for
the purpose Of ascertaining the gen.
eral average Of wheat production.-
In the first place, we looked at the
the PREMIUM CROPS, which were as
follows:
The Ohio organ, of the temperance reform. (Cincinnati, [Ohio]) 1853-1854, 1853-10-28

PRINCIPLE OF THE MAINE LAW
This law embodieS no new principles
Of legislation, but is simply new ap-
plication of principles as old as legis-
lation itself, and often embodied and
applied in previous Legislation on this
as well as on other subjects in this
State, and is based upon principle at
The foundation Of society, to wit, that
society has right to protect itself and
that public welfare is paramount to
personal interest or individual gratifi-
cation.
The Ohio organ, of the temperance reform. (Cincinnati, [Ohio]) 1853-1854, 1853-10-28

WIDows AS PRlNTERs.-The Pittsburgh
"Gazelte'' says the attempt 10 introduce
women as compositors in that city, has
been remarkably successful, and that
widows make the most rapid advance
mert, 'as their intellects are more ma
ture, and their knowledge superior 10
that Of most boys when they commence
an apprenticeship to the printing bust.
ness Besides this, we presume their
previous experience in small caps, bod.
kins, washing forms, and press work
generally, has already initiated them in
several OF the details of the craft.
The Ohio organ, of the temperance reform. (Cincinnati, [Ohio]) 1853-1854, 1853-10-28

Ashland,,...s...,,m.sr ,249 iu"
Jackson, on,......,....s.,....lV .lV G as.f
pix. ......... 81
Iawrencs, .a!ss9 - ~
Y! yiut0P. 2 .,,s,.,s.'.w ,,iS i II
We see, therefore, there is a very
great difference between the average
Of The best counties and the worst.
The AvERvcE production Of the
entire State Of Ohio, does not reach
l6 bushels per acre. Let us next
enquire into the cost Of production.
The actual, cos, Of blowing, seeding
narrowing, cutting and threshing an
acre of PREMIUM wheat in Brown
county, was $500 per acre. The ac-.
tuaI cost Of NINE acres Of PREMIUM
wheat in Defiance county, was $7l,
rs; making about $8 per acre. In
the former case, the produce was 40
bushels per acre, and the cost 33 cents
per bushels. In tho later case, the
product was 500 bushels, or, Al
bushels per acre. The cost, there.
fore, was about 20 cents per bushel.
We infer that the actual cost OF the
wheat production, independent Of the
interest of capital invested, and the
charges of Government, is not more
than 90 cents per bushel. If the crop
be only common one it is because 1t
be less manured and cultivated
In other words, it has cost less. An
average production Of is bushels per
acre, does not cost over So, rs per acre.
But, the interest of capital, at $50
per acre, is $3.50 per acre, The
charges Of government are about
80 cents per acre. The total
cqarges therefore, are $3,25 per
acre. The product is 16 bushels per
acre, which at 60 cents, is $3.50.
With an average Of l6 bushels per
acre, and price of6O cts. per bushel,
wheat is a profitable crop. This cor
responds with remark made by far
mers, that wheat may be raised profit
ably in Ohio at SO cents per bushel;
but not under. The WHOLE COST per
bushel, as we have seen above, is less
than 33 cents per bushel, Butwheat
culture on bottom lands, or without the
aid of rotation crops, would soon
cease to be profitable. 1t is not cab
culated to do well, without rotation;
nor does it suit alluvial land, as well
as Indian corn. h po 8ae
OF the 25,O0O,OO0 bushels of wheat
raised in Ohio, at least THIRTEEN
MILLION is SURPLUS, which at 70 cents
per bushel, is worth over SO, 100000!
Notwithstanding this immense and
valuable crop is actually raised in
this State, yet the traveller on our
railroads would scarcely suspect its
existence. Not one twentieth part Of
the Stale is occupied by wheat, while
all around, the stranger sees heavy
forests yet occupying the ground.
The whole cultivated land Of Ohio
is only about 18th part.-R. r. Re
cord
The Ohio organ, of the temperance reform. (Cincinnati, [Ohio]) 1853-1854, 1853-10-28

A celebrated topper, intending to go
to q masked ball, consulted an ac-
quaintance in what character he eshould
Disguise himself. Go SOBER" replied
his friend, "and your most intimate
friends will not know YOU"
The Ohio organ, of the temperance reform. (Cincinnati, [Ohio]) 1853-1854, 1853-10-28

"Mr. Smith, don't you think Mr..
Skeesicks is young man Of partsT'
Decidedly SO, Miss Brown, he is
part numskull, part knaye, and part
loo"
The Ohio organ, of the temperance reform. (Cincinnati, [Ohio]) 1853-1854, 1853-10-28

The PREMIUM crop of Ashland was
equal to 524 bushels per acre, at the
Statute Weight, which is 60 ibs per
bushels. The PREMIUM crop Of Perry
was equal to 494 bushels, and the
PREMIUM crop of Athens to 46 bushels
per acre. We can easily see, there
fore, how, on suitable land, and high
culture, a crop of 40 bushels per
acre may occasionally be raised /;
but it is not a common thing, either
in England or America, Let us now
look at some Of the COUNTY averages.
We will take FIVE of the HIGHEST
average, and FIVE of the LOWEST
Thus:
The Ohio organ, of the temperance reform. (Cincinnati, [Ohio]) 1853-1854, 1853-10-28
Wheat Calture Of Ohio

Ohio produces annually about
TWENTY FIVE MILLIONS OF BUSHELS of
Wheat. Three successive crops were
The Ohio organ, of the temperance reform. (Cincinnati, [Ohio]) 1853-1854, 1853-10-28

A TAvERN.-The Devils drawing
room, as an ale-house is his kitchen.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1853-09-13
SENSIBLE ADDRESS.

Under the heading of "A Sensible Address the
Union publishes card, jointly signed by Charles J.
Jenkins and Henschet V. Johnson Candidates for the
Gubernatorial chair of Georgia in which they refuse
to define their positions relative the temperance
question, saving that although they friends of
the REFORM and bid all enlisted in il God-speed in
every legitimate effort to advance it they think the
cause is likely to be injured than benefited by
being connected with the political contests of the
day" And a winding up, they say:
The question of mere expediency in any act of 1e
gisation on this subject is manifestly for the
consideration of the general assembly, to render
any expression of opinion by us unnecessary. The
constitutionality of such measure would demand
executive no less than legislative scrutiny. Bat there
having been several different schemes proposed the
details of which yet unsettled may very materially
affect the constitutional question, cannot, with
due regard to prOPriety, or with any assurance of
avoiding misconstruction pronounce upon either
The constiutionality OF all enactmcnts ought TO be
gravely and deliberately considered by the two de-
partmens in the order prescribed in the constitution
by the legislature lrSt by the executive AFTER
lrlTdSD
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1853-09-13
TRApR AVN BUSINESS.

The feeling in the Baltimore Money Market is de-
cidedlv better as is indicated by the increased trans
actions at the Stock Board. We understand that
money is freely offering call with stock securities
at to per cent.
The New York Journal of Commerce says Where
is a better feeling throughout the market owing to
the favorable commercial news from Europe, although
the hopeful opinions entertained in England, ia regard
10 the Eastern question do not fully warranted
by the intelligence received here. The excitement
in breadstuHs has been carried to high pitch"
The Boston Journal says;-"The Money market
has maintained hard unyielding aspect during the
week but on Friday and Saturday borrowers on call
who have suffered the greatest inconvenience in the,
contraction found less difficulty in providing for
their temporary but very urgent wants, and rates
,.era a Shade paSierp
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1853-09-13
THE woBID's TEMrRRAgaR CONVENTION.

The Convention Of the Temperance people called
the worlds" which was in session for two days
last week, in New York, adiourned on Friday last
\ large quantity of resolutions, SIC leaYn irOin the
Philadelphia News, were ohergdJ principally eulO-
CYSTIC of the Maine Law, OF which passed,
and some not The principal figures in this great
demonstration were Greedy, Miss Lucy Stone, Mrs
Waugh Mrs. Gage, Mrs. Nicholas and the notorious
VIM. Lloyd Garrison, who Ghinhs the Constitution
of the United States basphcmy, and the very cee-
brated John p. Hale who thinks that niggers are
better than white people. Taking Mr.. Hale for n
specimen, we have no doubt OF the truth of his
mark and indeed should think the same of ii if he
had substituted horse instead Of the Niger.
\ Mr.. De Wolf from the State Of Mainc IN the
course of his remarks admitted the fact that tie op
position TO the Law the nlajcritr Of the
State; whilst another gentleman, from Nassachu-
sets declared that constant litigation WIS the Fesug
of the Law (Which is not the Aaine) IN that State
The ladies who figured on the platform we've ex-
ceedingiy popular, and were much applauded, par
ticularly if they were young and rather corndy as
is Miss Lucy" and Miss Clarke Mrs, Faugz oo1-
Guided her PhApsOdies by earnestly hoping that
every woman would, at the next ecCtioa, 20 30 the
polls, watch each who deposited vote, and If
he did not vote in favor Of that law, r, brand him
as a coward, and a necreAat - his duSy rs II mar
(Checrs) She did not belirTe there Vas hardly a
single woman in this country who if she chose to
perscTere, could not influence ut least one nan to
vote III favor Of the prohibited Of the liquor traffic.
Women must be on hand 81 the elections, and cleo
douec-i | was going to say sole, but rccollected
that sine cannot do that and 50 said eicotiOHerr.
Coed place for the babies, Mrs. Yaugl-reke EN-
along; and if you happen to be New orker and
stick wel 70 Fred Douglas, perhaps they'll let YOU
vote The Courier and Inquirer says Of this ga
thering:
We stated yesterday that tais Maine Law
Convention, far as 1t was able to be anything in
particular. The opinion Waa premature. The truth
could not be ignored, that the Convention owed the
sole ground Of its existence to the thirst OF certain
exceptional females for public life 1t was impos-
sible TO disguise the fact, that vnicnte their
right to this indulgence WAS Orc real business Of the
| Convention. The subject would come UP, and once
up would assert its sway over all other topics. Ir
/ consequence the affair became and more pal
! pnby Woman'g Rights Convention every hour u
! the lat,
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1853-09-13
GOT IT'S eUIETUs.

The discussion of the Pacific Railroad project, has
terminated to the perfect satisfaction ofevcry genuine
Democratic has demonstrated the attachment of
the people to the ancient States-Rghs principles Of
the party The friends of the measure made great
a camor at frst-so many men in the Democratic
party ofloose virtue began to with the crowd that
there was some apprehension of the result in the
minds even of the enemies of the project. But the
reaction came The clamor subsidized n little; when
the honest voice of the Democracy began TO be heard
in condemnation of this old federal measure disguis-
ed in a modern garb Nobody now entcrtains a
doubt of the Judgment of the people in the matter
The issue is settled and forever The Democra-
tic party still adhere TO their old Stae-ght strict
construction principles. They will never sanction
the doctrine Of internal improvement by the general
government.
1t gives us pleasure to advert, in this connexion,
to the position of the Virginia Congressional Deega
ton on the question. They unanimously oppose the
Pacific Railroad project, and will present, should the
measure come before Congress, united front against
it. Such a delegation is worthy OF the State.
Richmond ENQUIRER
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1853-09-13
RoMEN,s RIGHTS WOMEN.

The New York Herald gives a rather rcpulsive
picture of these women:
1t Is almost needless for us to say that these wo-
men entirely devoid of personal attractions
The are generally thin maiden ladies, or women
who perhaps have been disappointed in their cnden-
to appropriate the brooches and the rights of
their unlucky lords the first class having found it
utterly impossible to induce any young or old man
into the matrimonial moose, have turned out upon
the world, and are endeavOurng to revenge
themselves upon the who have slightcd them
The second having been dethrOned from their en-
pire the hearts of their husbands for reasons
which may easily he imagined, go merchandising
the country boring unfortunate audiences with
long essays lacking point meaning, and only
amusing from the impotence displayed by the speak
cTs in putting them forth in n civilized country
They violate the rules of decency and taste by atr-
ing themselves in eccentric habilments, which hang
loosely and irregularly upon their forms, making
that which we have been educated to respect, to
love and to admire, only object of aversion and
disgust. A few of these unfortunate women have
awoke from their momentGry trance and quickly
returned to the dress of decent society, but we saw
yesterday many disciples of the BlOomer school at
the Tabernacle There yesterday, and there
will he to-day, a wide field for all such at the Ia
hermaclc. All who desire to see them will put
shilling in their pockets and journey towards the
Tabernacle. 4 sufficient amount of entertainment
IA guaranteed for the money invested, and those who
have taste for the singular will undoubtedly be on
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1853-09-13
THE NEXT STATE.

The next State that will knock for admission will
he Oregon Since April last swarm of emigration
has been pouring i'll upon her in such volume as
make her fit to take seat in the Senate.
From january up to last dates the arrivals from the
East have amounted TO ten thousand. This add
cd 10 the thirty thousand which it is supposed she
had last fall, makes her present Population-count
ing the babies which had arrived at maturity since
the cenSuS-abOut forty-iivc thousand The people
who 20 to Oregon are hard-fisted farmers, men who
prefer the certainty of yellow corn, the allure
always have the most roulette tables but Oregon
will have the most mills. With the exception of
gold dust, Oregon has more natural advantages than
any other country in the world; with Il climate rs
fine that of Virginia. it brag Of IL soil whose
richness will Chaange comparison with that of the
ncy haustibe prairie. In the way of timber no
country earth approach it. consequently il is
destined to become the great lumber region of the
Pacific The distance which formerly frightened
people from seeking home in Oregon steam has
reduced to pleasure trip. BY Of the several
rev lines of steamers, people 20 from New York
to Oregon in less than five weeks. Three years ago
il tool, from six to nine months In addition to
agriculture and lumber riches Oregon is singularly
blessed with mineral wealth on the Columbia iron
exists in almost endless quantities and the
may be said of copper, platna, lead, lumbagO, sui
Ihur and salt. To develop the prOduCtivcucSs of
thesp treasures, all that is required is time and popu-
latGn. The former is coming along now, and the
latter will he along in year two. To men of
patience and perseverance, there is portion of
glorious country which holds out more prosperous
Inducements than Oregon. The NiCe-PrcSident will
please that two chairs are Immediately
added TO. the Senate Chamber. If they not
necGcd this session, they will be by the year 1856
IbUU
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1853-09-13
IMPEACHMENT AND ARREST OF a JUDGE.

The Cincinnati papers teen with accounts of meet
ing, held in that city Thursday evening last for
the purpose of impeachng Judge Jacob Finn of the
Criminal Court of Hamilton county. The cause of
offence is found in the course pursued by the Judge
in the recent case whereby three slaves from Kentuc
ky taken before him. were remanded to their owners
The leading spirit of the meeting Mr. J. ]. Jol-
life, attorney for the slaves. No would consent
to become chairman, and the meeting was not or
ganIzed. Resolutions were, however, adopted con-
three to enquire into the and present the facts
to the next Legislature.
Not to mend the matter, the Judge and Attorney
met next morning IN market, when the former, for
getfll of his dignity and great difference of size in
his favor slapped Mr.. Jofe in the face flooring him
and then followed up his advantage by sundry other
cuffs until he was himself taken into custody by the
marshal The Judge taken before magistrate
and bound over to answer future dav 1t is said
that it was the Judges intention to cowhide JoIlie
and that he had whip in his pocketwhen they met
The Cincinnati Times anxiously asks HWhat are
coming to 2T-RicimOnd Enquirer
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1853-09-13
BEAUTIFUL WHEAT.

In passing the store Of Messrs Lock, CaAxsE &
LrEH, our attention was called to sample of Wheat,
rnised by Mr.. THos. LOCK of this county, which he
ns.ures us yielded so bushels of measured wheat to
the acre, and weighs 81 pounds tbs bearded wheat
and called the cove or white MEDITERRANEAN Mr. L..
has taken considerable pains to keep it pure, and
having but small quantity, he has been sowing it
for FIVE years until it is completely acclimated, and
NOW presents the appearance of plump white wheat
He intends sowing 40 bushels, and has left the re-
mainder at the store of Lock, Cramer & Line for
sale. It is certainly worth the attention of our
farmers its quality is most beautiful and its yield
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1853-09-13
4 ToIcE FRoM FEENsYLYANIA.

We rejoice to see the Democracy OF the good OLD
Keystone State, speaking out upon the Railroad
project. The Democrats Of Cumberland county
recently assembled for the purpose Of in;erchang-
ing sentiments and consulting together for their mu-
tual welfare and the ascendancy of trae principles
in the State After adopting series of eloquent RS
olutions reviewing the march of democratic princ-
pies from the DAYS of Jefferson down to the PTseht
period and endorsing in the most unqualified manner,
the Democratic national platform of 1882 they ex-
pressed themselves upon the general subject ofnter
nal improvements by the General Government and
the proposed Pacific Railroad in particular As 4oi
lows
Rcsolred That While the Deuecrsty adlfereS to
strict construction Of the Constitution, and are OPP
posed 10 a system of internal Improvements by the
General Government in accordance Win ttle views
of President Monroe in his veto OF the cumberland
Road Biz, President jackson m ms NSso OF Le
Mavsyille Road BILL President Polk in his veto OF
the River ana Farbor Bill and Tie long settled pol
lev of the Democratic party, We doubt exceedingly
the cOnstitu0aality, weA as tue Pfoprfety oil the
construction of railroad to the PAcihc ocean, some
two thousand mikes IN 4ength BY appropriations by
the Ca4.araI CSoCeFyHFpHt from the National Treas
urY of4nOnies collected from the people either through
tire Custom House by import duties, by the sale OF
the public lands by excuses, or by direct taXauon-
and especially 50 when our public debts now, from
the expenses of the Mexican war, the purchases OF
territory Vln6e the recent treaty with Mexico, the
eXtravayant appropriations to the Collins line OF
steamers and other important purposes ana the pay
ment of fraudulent Galphin aud GaFdFaer clasfas,
amounts to upwards of sixty millions ot dollars,
which hy the construction of said road would swell
the public debt to perhaps two hundred and nifty
mionsuf dollars, and lead to tax upon the resour-
ces and industry of the people oat least three times
that amount if such debts lie Iquidated by an imPO-
sition Of duties with their accompanying evils upon
the imports of the country.