The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1853-11-24

The Navigation Of the Amazon and its Upper
Tributaries.


on 10 The aseaton OF this river, and OF opening ls
s0lIlDdes TO ENG ration, commerce, steam, and enAA
lioD, - beginning TO occupy a'fe space ~ ,,h ID;
mind Everything that relates 10 il i received WIN IN
! leTest" -
Not only Is the case stated, bat Will venture 70
say that the question will continue 10 possess increasing
interest unt II Is settled ia the only way that y can be
settled by opening lis navigation az least 70 us upper
tributaries OF The Amazon Ihoee VINO are pushing the
question care yer, ule Blaxrs opening her own
pott, on tbr Amazon trade. They recognise fully
her right 10 trade not 10 ira te on the Amazon. They
would not modest hei, II in selhshness and folly she
lay perpetual embargo on commerce IA her own porls
But OF which they complain. and 10 which they
determined not 10 submit IS her excluding other nations
from navigation which Is Indispensable an advan
commerce with four nations on the upper rbu-
OF the Amazon, who 500 200 square miles OF
territory thereon, rich in products suited 10
kes, while have the fabrics necessary TO their
tort and highes, civilization. and portion Of products
which, notwithstanding their great natural riches would
contribute largely TO Their happiness 1t is computed that
the navigation Of the Amazon aud all lis trbua in
cludes lsee DE Bows Review for June, 1859 1900
square miles OF these hall belong the nations on
the Upper Amazon and lis tributaries exterior 10 Brazil
am ready 10 adopt the language OF General Villamil
IN note OF The 18th INSTANT which, disclaEiDg
tempt for Brazil, he doctrine which will
sadeayor 10 prove General vllami is Justly dislin-
ushed tor bis intelligence, herosm, and candor and for
the he has rendered Ecuador
both external and Internal foes. He her worthy and
true representative this government Nor there
any to DOUBT that however, from circumstances,
the other governments the upper tributaries may be
less downright IN The assertion Of the freedom OF nay
gazing ihe Amazon, they all equally desr0us OF II,
ana would hail with JOY its establishment General VII
amil says ~ maintain that Brazil has the right
OF preventing any vessel OF any nation 10 penetrate into
Ecuador by The mouth OF the Amazon than by that OF
'Guayas; and had the of armiRg a steamer
here, would go under the flag of Ecuador all hazards
and risks TO drop my anchor IN the waters OF the Napo
let the conseq uenccs be what they would" But this
does not imply contempt, brave General You would, in
such be sustained By right and meet the paudls
OF majority OF Inc people OF these United States.
wish briefly to discuss this subject in the columns
OF the Union.
The nations on the upper tributaries Of the Amazon.
numbering about seven millions OF people, earnestly desire
that We should carry commercial intercourse with them
BY steamboat navigatIona thing impossible unless we
navigate the Amazon, for II is the only marine channel
Ct approach TO those vast and rich countries Peru and
BOLIVIA, with population OF three moos the water
shed Of the Amazon have expressed their wish for US
up to them They have The unqueslionabIe right
to come down 10 the sea- as we Ill prove ia tine couT sc
OF our remarks that we have the collateral rgh, of going
up, being understood that only 10 the right
OF navigation not to land the shores except Tor
purposes OF supply and refreshments not to endeayoT
to trade with the Brazilian doninons without the
press leave OF Brazil not even in any place the ANA
zon, The most remote and concealed, Wahtn her terrific
RES. This Is all thai 10 caIned-tne exercise OF
rights, not the infringement Of any Of those be-
longing 10 Brazil.
The upper Amazon exterior 10 Brazil and lis upper
tributaries beyond the Brazilian limits, drain superb
cial OF about 100000 square mes-being than
twice the territorial OF the Old thirteen United
States The climate extremely salaooas, large part
OF the country abounds IN gold, and the famous mines
o! Pos with many other silver mines are found within
It's limits. Ia fact IT is one OF the peculiar character
advantages OF this country thai possesses steer
mines probably fully equal 10 those OF Mexico most oil
them, however, Bo~ but poorly worked not worked
all They need only the introduction OF capital and
Guanaxaslo in Mexico | shall not here enlarge
on the vast advantage OF this, | VIII in the
quei more particularly show that silver has become
relatively OF much more Importance TO pecunlary
transactions and social equity consequence oil the
vast additions made TO the gold bullion and gold OF
the world and that from the very nature of human
The fHnIftp pctn ..i
loa and coinage should De attended with similar
progression in The multiplication OF silver bullion but
especially OF silver CONS
The countries OF which speaking are, for the
greater part, Immense table land, elevated PLAN
But the Andes with their slopes, composing them part
and being situated within The tropics The climate
IN hundred or two miles from The bases of those
majestic mountains, from the cold OF Canada to the
perpetual vsriare OF Darien 50 that in three
days travel individual might enjoy any climate
that he pleased Within these countries Use the suowy
heights of ChimboraZo and the pain OF Qaiio, ten
thousand feet below Chimborszo, and than
eleven thousand above the level Of the On the
dis de, Peru, between the which The AT
lane and those which flow into the Pacific the bead
waters Of The Amazon flowing ato the Atlantic under the
equator and the heads OF streams which nave
OF little than a hundred miles 10 this Pacific. That
which gives 10 the Amazon unrivaed grandeur, To
It's valley nnrlvaled wealth is hrs the proximity OF The
Andes 10 the Pacinc, being only IRON sky To two
hundred miles and secondly, The in which the
northeast and southeast trade nds blow upon the
OF South America. II is that immense extension Of the
eastern plans and slopes OF the Andes covering almost
the whole breadth OF South America in it's widest part.
that renders the Amazon the longest the world
more than thousand miles longer than The Mis-
sssipgi. Ii Is the in which inc northeast anu
southeast trade winds blow this u coun-
try, perpendruay striking their respective coasts and
carrying he yapors Of 10 the very slopes and
heg hts OF the Andes that supplies such pre-emineni
quantity OF moisture valley OF the Amazon and
des her 2o4ss square miles OF territory the best
ed and proportion 10 It's extent the heal hest OF
the globe As - beautifully remaTked by Lieut. Msury,
VALLEY OF the Amazon, .. ~ " The volume OF water
discharged by these into the expressive OF
the quantity which those northeast trade winds take up
from the sea. carry the clouds, and precipate upon
the shed that Is fed by these Tney are
pipes and cutters which Nature has placed under the
caves OF the gea, watershed that has the Andes tor
rdge-poe, the Caribbean and North Atlantic for
cisiern." And. again, speaking OF The country phys
czy. modified by the trade winds, he has with
equal beauty and scientific accuracy tAe following
marks
"They Chc southeast trade winds) pass into the nie
ror with their whole load OF moisture, every drop OF
which wrung from them before they the Andes
The quantity oil mo sure which is taken up from The
and rane down upon this wonderfully fruitful country
may be in what the La Plata and the Amazon dis
charge back into the
Now, there is tropical country 10 The world which
has TO windward, and exactly windward OF such
extent OF ocean In the rade-wind region Conse-
quenily, there inter tropical country the world
hat finely waered is the great Amazon country
Of South America
The Amazon itself called in Peru the Maranon which
the Indigenous name OF the whole iver. the BENZ,
the Madeira, the Huallags the ucaya, the Psstazs The
RIO Negro, the Nspo, the Pu,amsyo, and the Japuras
branches OF the Amazon OF Iis trlbutaries all
very extensively nsvIgabic Five Of these rivers are
.ushla fofa nj ths f.rua