The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-09-17

been received in London with resume OF the
position Of the Turkish question, taken from the
journals of that city.
The Tu kish Que stion.
THE VIENNA Sors AND rHE sULTAs's OBJECTIONS
TO IT.
fEroEl the London Times, Sep.
The note proposed by the Vienna conferences for
tie signature OF the Porte is now before the public,
aud the modification required by the Turkish gov
erlment will q found In another part of paper
this morning. We shall presently examine the
value OF the opinion, which has already been ex-
pressed, thai these alterations are OF monentous
importance but tefre We enter on that argument,
or two iditional facts remain to be stated As
the draught note IA question emalatet from tie
conference at Nienna, aod was sent back to that
court with despatch addressed TO the representa-
tves OF the four Powers, Tor the purpose of eX
planning the olje tons of the Porte tine first
point to be determined was whether the cotierence
accepted the alterations Some slight Irritation
appears to have been produced at earlier stage of
the citation by the circumstance that the Vienna
conference declined t lake int consideration certain
trims which bad heeu prepared at Constantinople.
la the opinion OF all the medang Powers AID their
ministers those terms were not likely to lead 70
satisfactory result But on the present OCCASION al
though believe that the statesmen who are engag-
ed in this at Vienna and elsewhere regret
that the Porte should have thought 1t necessary to
delay the final settlement these grounds only, yet
the confere all the courts engaged IN IT, have
not hestated to ADOPT the Turkish notifications and
to despatch them " St. Petersburg with instructions
est support in then communications with the Ra s.ian
government The note, as altered by the TGrks
minister's has til. reore. the united assent of Europe
for, though we doubt the policy Of making any al er
atoms at all lind bothng to object to in the al
teratons themselves except that they are scarcely
wO.ih the Importance given ID them.
The points 70 which the observations OF the
Turkish government have been mainly adore ssed are
three in number they object to the indirect recogr
nition in the paragraph, of !" the active SO.
ictude shown at a'l times by the Emperors OF Rus
STA Tor the maintenance OF the in muntes and priv-
leges Of the Orthodox Greek Church in the Ottoman
empire, and they propose that this should be
changed into more qualified declaration followed by
the assurance" sh1t the Sulrans have ised
to watch the maintenance, Il; of that worship
and Of that Church 10 the Ottoman empire But
the whole paragraph Is merely recital, not an en-
gagement; and whsther the facts be set forth in
way another does not alter their real character.
Encouragement required OF the Porte commences
at she fourth paragraph, and consists in ,gni
ton of the letter and spirit Of the treaties Of Kahn
ardj al Adrian pie, followed by declaration
that tee Sultan considers his own honor to be en-
red in the maintenance Of privileges granted by
his ancestors 10 the Greek Church, and by promise
that the Greek worship shall participate in the ad.
vantsges conceded (or vouchsaed to other Christian
rituals.
The Turkish government seems to have been re-
uctant to connect the recognition of the treaties of
Kainardj and Adrianoole with the assurance OF rs
liberation favor Of the Christians; but, in fact,
the two conditions distinct members of one SEN
teIce, and in no way Deepen tent or conditional upon
treaties IS very slight; the use IF the word octro-
yes" Instead Of concedtS" Is pueri'e and the only
important edition is that Of the words " Ottoman
subjects" which very properly limits the conces-
sipns describe to such made by the Porte to
its own subjects. and not to mere foreign congrega-
tioDs 1t is obvious that privileges permissions
granted to the Protes taDt Bishop at Jerusalem,
or to American missionaries in Asia Minor,
upon the application of the countries to which
they belong, ought not to furnish a pre-
cedent for interference with the independents
ecclesiastical government OF millions OF the Sultans
own Christian subjects. As this portion Of the note
concerns the rival pretensions OF the different
churches in which this country has not interfered,
except for the purpose of subduing their discussions,
took tie most promnent port putting this
proposition, which amounts to formal surrender OF
exclusive privileges on behalf OF any Christian
church. Indeed, altht ugh the British government
has in many respects taken leading part in these
transactions. it is not one Of the least proofs of the
ability with which they have been conducted, that
France deipe the terms, adverse in degree to
her pretensions, an that Austria has continued
TO press the acceptance of them on Russia, with
the double weight OF her influence and her appre-
heaiona.
s.mt thing has been said of further conditions an.
pexed by the Porte to the acceptance Of the modi-
lied note, but these have not been put forwari in
the same absolute form. They refer, of course, to
the eyacu alton Of the Pnncpalities, which has all
along been regarded IS the condition SINE qua non
Of any settlement at ALL and they appeal to the con-
ference for further guarantees against the recur
arnstiye answer from St. Petersburg-which may
be expected in about week from this time-the
Turkish ambassador, charged with the renewal Of
diplomatic relations, m ght proct ed by way Of Vi
emma on his mission; and it is to be hopei that the
evacuation Of the Pnncipaites would In the mean
time take place.
Il there be one consideration which ought to
weigh with the Emperor Nicholas and With the
other Powers OF Europe more than another, in favor
of the prompt acceptance of these last terms of
peace, It is the knowledge that powerful AID mis-
chievous party does exist at Constantnope IN favor
of war. The reje ction Of these notifications Of the
note by Russia would occasion great regret to those
who wish to see the Ottoman Empire rescued from
immediate penl, and to preserve pesce but it would
be hailed with savage shout OF enthusiasm by the
Turkish army, by the Ulemas who have filed the
Divsn with their far atica denuncations Of the Chris
uaIs whether enemies or allies, and by the rivals
and enc mics of the present turkish ministry, who
would probably accomplish acomp'ete change in the
councils of the Sultan. II this generation is to wit
ress the dissolution Of that vast empire the last
desperate struggle for the existence Of Mussulman
power in Europe, the hour Of that catastrophe would
then be at hand. But, in addition to thes. internal
elements Of disorder, springing from the religious ia
naticsm and the wounded pride Of declining race,
the Turks ART nciRd by hosts Of renegades and re-
fusees, whose chief object is to Iekinde coahagra
ton In Europe, without thought Of the fatal conse-
quences to the sovereign and the country which af.
ford them an asylum. 1t Is probably true that,
ambassadors, the Turks would have rejected
the terms offered in the note, and rushed
into hostDties; for a weak government is
comparatively i'll prepared TO resist the pressure
which may be put upon it by the attacks Of its op.
ponents or the passions Of the people. The Grand
Vizier and Reschid Pasha were carried thus far
through the crisis by the active and intelligent as
sistsnce of their allies but beyond the note as al
tered in the Divan, they declared that it was imp,s
site for them to CO. and in estimating these alter.-
tons it is more important to consider the difficulties
that surrounded them than the actual extent of the
changes made. Whatever be the final result, Russia
incurred a
rope by the excit emeDt and agitation this question
has ed-by the interruption Ok trade and the de-
pIessicn OF public creditby the alarm of The friends
OF peace, and the exravagant hopes she has excited
l. the revolutionary party We trust that since the
ultimate and solemn decision Of this question of
peace and war now reverts TO herself she will not
withhold the only compensation she can afford the
world for this great injury and injustice by terrni-
Mating the quarrel and accedng to the terms offered