Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1853-03-18

THE UNITED STATES UNDER ELEVEN ADMIN.
lSTSATlONS.
NOTICES o he Presidents and their Cab; from Flashing
Tan 10 Pierce
nc occnsdn OF the eSpa'nn Of the OF the enh
"uhlhs'aon and iEr nGvrn y! the tw.h national cIerr
se seems proper time take brief retrospective view
os he character and influence upcn the PROCESS Vi the
c"nntry Of the various Presidents and their
curing The sstyolr "hch have ransprcd since The
organization II he government.
fTSt administrations 1889 20 1891 eight ytars- George
HuSlinct0n, President.
nc Inauguration la Ing taken place at y. York Aril 80
me hfst Congress- d'ing lis fS session OF nearly Elk
MONTHS were employed principally in rsmng laws
10 Inc oganzIiinn Of the government In this space Of
nme inc construction OF the powers intended 10 be given
was very ably discussed. The subjects of dnd
hahce received the carly attention C Congress- well
me organization Of the different departments and OF
'ona judiciary system. hIung the subjects srcniursiy
acDatrd wa TIE Presidents Of appointment and
movai o public officers TIC appointment cons,lyu
!"hay subject 70 The ascent OF the Senne The removal
on which pcIn the constitution silent was hui. settled
10 c IN ;ic power nj The President alone The powerful
opposition 10 the constitution several Of the States. caused
1"rc' 10 adopt sixteen articles ri amendment in Sep
enbcr, lIco ten o! articles approved by the
qu's'e nun6r: Of S4ics through their Lesisains, and
hnaiy became parts ot the Constitution in December 1871
'"" "t'rr aT;ie since adopted 'hc States rroo
sea NJ qnrni sessiune of Congress- in Iyl and oUS
ihc President selected his cabinet In September 1883
namely Secretary Of State rhonas Jefferson o Virginia.
Secretary Of the Treasury Alexander Ham.on # Ne"
2f& Secretary "t War, Henry k"0X ni massachusetts.
Attorney General Edmuni Randolph Of Virginia. Trc o.
hre Of Secretary d the Navy !I exist u' the Pcs
deacy OF h- Adams we hat department established
viz: in l192. Although Washington and Hamilton
er:oed - carry II. measures they proposed through the
frat aud seCoi Congress- there early organization
O:rcd against ihrm-llc opposition cuauuscd mos " ui
an''.crrls o.. those who had opposed he Consultation,
as.ng the -. republic n advised by Mr. Jefferson,
aud II" friends oi The administration reiginn. the
edcfaiists The cabinet Of Washington Divided in sen
ineEt. Hamilton md Knox GGvisn. strong federal meu.
surca willie Jefferson aa! itan:nph generally acr, op
position their colleagues. and unison III 1p;u.,.
in Congress Visiting oa in vain cxerted ali his iau-
en- N hos uf
h.sc dstin 2ns!ch 20 each other sustan@i .ru
lion and rs consequences became every day more d'y"
The French revolution hal important influence The
politics oi the United States AZ This time. Jefferson ant his
f"ruhcan friends s:npa,'z-d w!ih IN. French icv"r'io1
lists, waIe Washington, Hamilton and their federal friends
considered il important the Cni,ct Suites r,amt.n
friendly relations with Great B;i.,n The last tsn years 0f
Masinytons first rurbECnt Imes parry ep!rll
hg! both in Congress and among the people, and such
the violence "f feeling ami excitement thai The rational
would have probably ptrIshcd in its nl,ncy s
II ne! been for the wisdom and irnlEcss Of Washington
ard The publc c1nticncc Ia hz guidance OF the ship o"
The leaders of both rarcs expressed wish 10! the
election lie President and he re!Gquishc his intention
retire the End U The .t tcrrsuri the critical
situation ci pnulc atis That he consented 10 tnain al
the head u The Notwithstanding the high party
srg among tic people he unanimously elected
lie question u Vice President, HE STATE o parties
exhibited Mir Adams, the iccra candidate received sew
enty ecctora! votes: George Cnuu Supported by
lle republicans ly Jefferson !Gu!; kurr nnc showing
federal majority o. weriv.twu in The elerlual cog g.s
South Carolina The oy State south Of Maryland which
vo;"! Mr Adams who received this election tic sop
porr Of NJ! the northern States eNccp, New York, whc;e ~
repu!ic.ms being IN ndancy in the L"nli lIfc,
chos .a,ors favorable - GoveIor Clsnoa
Duriug WashngIon's SECOND term, when the ''i; !oE
srcss assembled Philadelphia in rcccmtcr 1853 e %
Gos ion 10 the administration &urcccIcd in circi.Gg nc
Sneaker Of III. House which hodv afterwards o.,I.y
equally divided great political nrlsG'cS. In the :scnre
he Vic: President repeatedly srtcl important questions
ty his cus!ing Il worth? ol notice mat al he P
,esertavr and Senators rOnNginia, with
cepors OF The former the opposition Ia Washing
administration, throughout his Two terms Mr J'I:"ison
resi.ncG as Secretary Of Stat" in December I93 80" III"
President appointed E!GuUi fardoph to succeed h. and
i!iam Bradford, G Philadelphia 10 succeed Mr. R:ntip
as Attorney General Mr. Baduri died in nilce AMI
,nccccced hy Charles Lee II Virginia. 10 De.emy.: 1898
Al the close OF the yunr 1894 Grr. Knox retired from The
war department in January IDS, he .ucc@c!cI b
itmothy Pickering. then :" PennsyIvanh 80. h'nnIt
arr, lux and was srcccGcd hy Oyr, Wul.ott of t,n.c.
,Is.t In August 1885 Mir Randolph resgci ns Scce:ary
u ) atc aud succeeded in December by Timothy Pick.
c.ag IN whose place James elcnEy, o Maryisnd ap
p"iI'.d Secretary -! Var.
Washington navng tr-i the experiment! OF mixGi Cab
met during its finally composed which ageei
10 political sentiments, ard the four FedcraSs whom h.
lei; in Office Pickering Nrllrott Acicnry nHi Lee
were continued IN 'ablnc! John Adams. President
Na,, ton ami ni- Cabinet unanimously OF rh"
C!rnn ai ihj caunty vas not rounf IL take part viii,
France IN her wIt Englani; an! III Afs, 1873, Ih@
celebrated rrncaatlOn Z" nciieIy, oy the President, was
--ug winch the guild: o, the ration since In
affairs with foreign Gut;unS
Durirr WashngIon's administration all The disputes be-.
tween tl United and foreign had id
lus,d with exception Ul those Ui Francc 1T nome ha
lie ana private credit Icsoc-thc ipunt o! rcvtnncs
a cxccCGe! the most rangunr calculations TIE prspc
,i -. ;he country had bCnn, inject, wltor' example, ~"
wl. .tand.l great losses !IOn GeigC'eni dtptdatpns T.
the s responsibility {" rvln. Inollon anu ELECT I" '
new system -! government among discoinaht teichs u
va. In. 10, pf Washington la be called la the discretion
,ry tyrrisc of The -cuilyc power the administration
wig. and taencd In filing Offices thr P'csHcn; ccffci,
rnen cou, revolutionary patriots, oil whose iHie.r'!
and ability had un?ic proof He displaced no an Tor
III. EXPRESSION of his opinions even IN The isvcs eAc'e
ment of sympathy wiih France" Wi!h regard To our foreign
sions Washington persisted IN his neutrality 10 INC last
hour Of his on and Wa arls !" c"unter'4 e
cunor in favor ut France agaInst EnSiahd With
r.narI 10 tic judiciary the tnances The mnI ;hs Indian
bce in his department 10 his Gwn ministers, hl4 couInu
cicalions to Conercs. Ills construction OF the Constitution
and his sacred regard for H. his devotion 10 the woe Cnop
his naulni,y and sbcarancc. his personal d'sny, III
All these ind in relation - all other subjects ne example o
Washington clu,rusns general respect aEi Sthci'i"h
,ronu men u al shades o difference OF opinion ~ %!
times 4. forming the stating pp:i III our ih'cai ;so',
and the foundation O tc .TGtancni We nave
mis- ,c,ru;sfraiiln ian shat: either o MS SUCCESS
yrs To them NECESSARILY aiJt very DFiei opace
Second Administrations l797 to lSOl four years-/ohE
idLnls President
Th. administration oil Mr. Adams considered b. The
,i,Iali-ts by whom hc elected, usa cnnnulnn oi
n ,iry anu measures al his predecessor General wash
npnn M Adams iuwcver tid not possess ''lr ~" con-
aJcn,s Of hs political associates and although ie Federal.
ISIS "a par were stronger il Congress 'tan "ii"2 me
,,n aiinn OF Washington, the WAY ward ."ndct ~ t"c
and HE uuEopu!af!iy o e"fr ci ls ae'5 VI Gon'
100 ,u.cd the dos nj al the federal party and Tue sue
4 o., ,cr political Up2Oncnts nj the era "i i"F sHa!S
r which had left by Washington ne we nave
I ,verr cnn,inuei in ,tcc hy Mr. Adams 10 which was
dtr, in 1895 tie Secretary Of lle Navy henlH" 'o''1
~, nj Naryiaat, who was aPPoi0ti n'El tie
e hoi rnar,ucn liz spring q" cuu, 'r adams guar
A ~ in yn uerb ui The cahiHet, and olsihiss'u ieH
from ,tcc viz Mr.. plckerng Secretary {" oa'e' ""u ~
n H.n,y Secretary o Mar, M e:tnt when tauseu ""S'
cit.,.n uui had come Influence IN throwing Inc 'cnea'
,. ~ The minority Gen Hamilton publisher ra"p'i'
lar Mr. Adams which contributed 10 tt same 'tS''
- ai I.GO m, President appointed John Maslhi'ri n
oi, S.rr.ary Of Stale, ami Samuel Dexter OF nn
80 sec,ri.:y o. War On The 5lst OF peceh'ef i2vo'
n, ~ c, resigned Secretary .! me fihsuf! a'! ".
49,, .nrrecctrd him, Roger Gfisw"ii nl Ch"nec,lro,
.s snnr.d secretary c War on the 81 OF feofarF iSVl
Tn, ~ of tie party terninii lied win ''e e'p
,, nisrrntian Of John adams, "hlCH was P"''ihJ
,m,,xnh, for the strife between 'he TWO @iea' pa'
Cn,r.sss rIc abishmcn Of navy, he passage ~ ~
len and sodium Iaws and the tispn'ca Between sf"Ete
~ .hn I,,,.d Stacs winch anr''y settled ny "''
orsc uu,.uct bv 1r. Adams a2anc ,he o?h'ohs hh+ ~
;s II many o! The sssraI leaders the seat 'l e",e'h
49,, y. 81 ~s,nuyed 20 Washington duiin9 the summer u
soG AMI Pra,dcp Adams delivered MS last onnO"' Spes'
- C,nrrcss II II. s2.. Capitol IN NJ"enlo@i, iSV'.
t,d Naturalization ls0 % 1909, eight years. S''a
:" Lfe-.oE, Presid.H:
IT,, s,v.rnU ooer5r.s ci tho CIbnt were dPpo"'e' ~
=, r . -, !, Hnrlnp ui- a. administration, vi.