The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-02-09


coming down to 177b the colonization and establish
ment Of empires in America and possessions aboriousy
planted and vigorously defended passed and repassed
cording TO the vcisstude Of war; from to another
In 1888 the work of decolonixation commenced Great
Britain the strongest surrendered the thirteen
North America was then divided between Great Britain,
the United States, and the Spanish vice royalties Of
fixed constitutional government resting npon the foun
daons OF general education freedom Of the press reli
Spanish provinces were ruled by foreign despotc
power whose subjects were ignorant Of the nature and
value of representative legislation freedom Of conscience
the securities OF personal liberty The United States
had uncommon elements Of wealth Spanish Ameri-
with surprising climate and inexhaustble precious
metals. Political power in the United States
America all political power shared by aboriginal and
mixed races Self government successful in the
United States Manufactures commerce and agriculture
and population, rapidly augmented The Spanish pos
for independence without acquiring attempting to copy
necessary for its deveopement Thus they stood in 1900
Louisiana ceded to France and France ceded 1t to
the United States who acquired the entire property of the
banks and the mouth of the Mississippi, and
tended their domain along t:h the gulf to the Sa-
Mexico had four millions Of Indians out Of nopuatcn &
to supply herself with water, and grew all the more
rapidly for the expenditure. The State of New York
struction Of canals and railroads. and has grown and
prospered all the time other State has grown
the railroad would cost portion Of it should
be directly reimbursed, would be indirectly
placed within ten years by the economy OF the movement
Of yonr army and the supplies Of your navy on the
Pacific to say nothing of its effect in bringing the public
domain into cultivation and in developing and realizing
the mineral wealth of California You told of const
tuional difficulties and political dangers attending this
great enterprise Does the constitution authorise the
United States to open nteroce communication
and inhibit the opening Of passage over do
main and through our own territory? Is there less
political danger attending the opening of passage
n tO itv Of
rival nations than in making altogether through
country beyond the reach Of the nations and prac
caly unobserved by themS But grant that you al
lowed, in peace to open communication through the
sthmus Of Tehuantepec-can you secure that control
ing also the annexation of the States Of Vera Cruz and
Oaaca to the United Sates Can you take those States
out Of the UnionP more Of the Mexican States arc to
be brought into the Unon have you settled and arranged
the question whether they are to come in slave States
free StateSf Can you admit them slave
statesS Can you admit them as free statess Can
you adjust balance between slavery and freedomf
If you adjust that balance you the Union
itself from convusions These, sir questions which
must and will be forced upon you, when Mexico, ex
your Violence shall impore to be admitted into this
confederacy That time Is sure enough to come without
your Fastening it, Is there necessity for hastenng it
now2 Have you not passages from the Mississippi
and the Gulf to the Pacific than you open with all
your present capital and enterprise in quarter Of
with Inhabitants in half a century, and more
gold and silver than you can extract from
q
the only real dangers Of precipitation Time win speedily
fill the regions you already possess with homo.
seneous population and homogeneous States; and yet
long before that time the nation will have taken
such magnitude, such consistency, such unity, that
Mexico with her million Of spanards her two mil
lions of Creoles and her five millions of Aztecs can be
received and absorbed in the Union without disturbing
the national harmony, or disturbing the national vgor
mendinr to us the moderstsn to which Mexico exhaust
ed in her efforts at to initiate political virtues
ana to a.i:ns herself sg:n.t our sszrss.an: touch
ruin of her most precious hopes soemnly enjoins.
Mr. USDERwooD, (whig) Of Ky, replied to some COM
Mexico.
Mr. HALE, Cree soi of N. H., obtained the floor, and
iect ought to be postponed it postponed till Tuesday
next.
THE POSTAL TREATY WITH ENGLAND.
The enclosed letters from Postmasters Hall and Hub.
snce in answer to resolution calling for normatosn s
in regard to the execution OF the postal treaty OF Great
Britain The entire correspondence is very voumnious
and embraces besides these letters dozen let
ters addressed by Mr. to the State department
during period Of two years. the first dated August l6
1850 the last September 80 1882 The following letters
give the gist Of the whole subject
MR.. HUBBARD TO EVERETT.
Posi- OFFICE DEPARTMENT
WASHINGTON, jan IL, 1858.
SIR With reference to the accompanying resolution of
the Senate, adopted the 18th inst, calling the
President for information in regard to the execution Of
the Postal Convention between the United States and
Great Britain (presuming the correspondence between
the Hon Abbot lawrence late Minister to England and
the British Minister ofForegn Affairs will be referred
showing the action of and the British government
this subject beg leave to call your attention to the
letter from this Department to the Secretary Of State of
June 81 1851 as containing important facts relation
to this subject. would remark that all advantages
therein pointed out s accrnng to the British govern
by postage law of 1851 enjoyed by the
government, including the privilege of closed mail to
California at the reduced rates Of postaSe under the
1t is proper also to observe that since the letter
written the Postal Convention therein alluded to as then
pending between the United Stats and Prussia has been
executed and was put in operation in October last the
British government having, by agreement with Prus-
sa, consented to reduction Of seventeen and a half
cents on the latter mails to be transmitted
closed mails through England under said convention.
An official notice has also been given to this department
that the British transit charge closed mails sent
will be twenty cents an ounce. These are the only
changes Of any importance since the date of the letter
States and Great Britain understand was negotiated
upon this basis namelyThat the mails Of the United
States to be transmitted through the United Kingdom
from foreign countries beyond to be charged
with the postage, and have the fscilities as
were then, should thereafter be provided for the
British mails between the United Kingdom and such
foreign countries respectively and that the British
mails through the United States to have the same
facilities for transportation and be subject to the same
while the United States mails sent through England
subject to the high rates established on correspondence
between England and the continent, &C., the British
mails sent through the United States have the adyan
toge of our reduced rates.
1t appears to me would have been more just to have
secured for mails advantages equal to those extend
ed by the United States to the British nails then each
country could have had it always in its power to claim
equivalent for favor facilities granted to the
other in the way Of reduction under the operation of
its own laws.
However the most serious cause Of complaint in this
matter is found in the fact that the United States and
French correspondence is excluded from the bens
fits Of the present treaty and the stipulation relating to
Fl ance the twelfth article Of the present treaty has
not in my Judgment been complied with the part of
the British government least not in the spirit OF ibe
aAvd pdnJ hvt tha af
case; all which, am confident, will be fully shown by
the correspondence above referred to- between our Min
lister and tho British Minister Of Foreign Affairs.
Any further particulars this subject within the
knowledge Of this Department, shall bc happy to for
ward, should you desire it.
have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedi
ent servant S. d. HUBBARD, +. NJ. General
Hon. EDWARD EVERETT, Secretary Of State.
WEBSTER.
PosT OFFICE DEPARTMENT, WASHINGTON, June II, 1851.
SIR MIR. Lawrence's despatch Of the Id ultimo,
placed by you in my hands, has been carefully examined