Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-01-01


other to the exclusive jurisdiction Of the States.
This Federal Government the natural result OF the
condition of things at the termination OF the American
Revolution. The Almighty had prepared the American
people for the division Of political powers between two
Governments State and Federal by the necessity Of
confederation during the war; and the debts want Of
credit and commercial difficulties which AFFLICTED them at
its close Happy for us that our wise fathers saw the
true condition Of things and gave us the Federal Const
tuition and Government under which have prosper
ously lived rejoice that they found remedy against
despotism and bulwark to protect the rights of in
written constitutions separating dividing and limiting
the powers of Government and distributing them into
separate departments rejoice that two Governments,
State and National, have been instituted making fur
Their division of political power and thereby rendering
il less dangerous to human rights
thank my friend from Michigan for having adverted
to the idea But sir the problem is not yet solved how
the downtrodden tax-paying, priest-ridden and king
crushed nations OF the earth to be instructed and
brought into the light of glorious system We
not without violation of their laws send missionaries
explain and publish system of government prove
the nesmable value of freedom speech freedom of the
press and freedom Of conscience and then invite the sub
ect who suffers to redress his gvences by rebellion and
blood. Were send political teachers to instruct
they would be arrested and imprisoned for sediton if
not hung for treason. What them we do and what
ought we do, in aid Of the political progress and elev
ton Of mankindy Shall commence by violence and
force under the impulses of wild enthusiasm
ding propagandism the world What shall we do,
being best calculated TO enlarge the freedom "
Are we 10 the kingdoms the earth, That
may oyerturn monarchy and " absoutism9" Are to
intervene to arrest the trumphs and encroachments of
despotismy
Mr.. President in answer to these questions do not
hesitate to say that totally and positively against all
efforts to instruct mankind by whipping them with the
implements of war into knowledge of the truth Force
and violence constitute part Of my plan elevate
either individuals or nations War is the Of
tons 1t creates horde of drones eat up and
the products Of labor and make famnes in the land
1t brings In it's train devastation and DEATH and has
solitary influence to enlghten the mindexcept in the
science of dsstruconor impress the soul with be-
nightly and love- therefore discard violence and war
as means by which may legtmatey teach mankind the
principles of natural right and popular government
In the road OF progress which lies before that
the making power of this country and the treaty.
making power Of other countries in the world, may
ganize an international tribunal for the purpose of settling
disputes and pledge the parties the DEGREES of
that tribunal BY such treaties among the nations
which thus stpulate and agree may be prevented /
heard peace societies. sir rdculed upon this floor the
other day 1t may be that the implements of war will
never be entirely converted into poughshares and prun
ing-hooks am no prophet. cannot roll up the
tam which conceas the things of utury but if there
truth in those predictions which are recorded in the sa
cred book the day is to when nation shall make
war against nation no more, and forever. The who
closes his eyes to the progress of peace in the world who
declares that the waste and carnage of war will never
cease to polue the EARTH whatever may be his profess
sons of faith in the divinity of the Bible is practically
an nidel. Sir, if the Bible be revelation of the AL
mighty through inspired men, the day must when
the clangor OF war shall be heard more, and peace
universal and perpetual, shall prevail When that day
arrives nation teach nation and teach his fellow
man oil science all art all truth whether in politics or
morals and there shall be to modest or make him
afraid The first thing to do for the intellectual and poll
teal progress Of men, and the way to reach that
end IS to secure permanent peace among nations Save
the people from the burdens and of war; save them
from the exciting and maddenng thoughts of sacked CT
ties and faherless families of manned and mutilated
friends and brothers. and give them time to think of the
arts, and pursuits, and avocations of'peace
Carrying out these blessed IDEAS doubt not the day is
coming when the nations Of the world will have inte
gence and virtue enough to into stipuations with
each other to abide by the decisions of eminent and lust
men who may be selected settle international disputes
Such plan is nothing than an enlarged Federal
system for nations separated by and by difference
Of language and there is no reason why il should not
work as well for nations Federal system has work
ed for the States which compose it.
Should two or more leading and influential Govern
mens adopt the pan it will be followed and sanctioned
by nation after nation until the evils resulting from war
are extrpated from the face Of the earth In the mean
time, am opposed to all fliitustering to take Cuba
am against all fltbtserlng in the way of annexation
either in regard to Cuba Canada or any other part Of
the world have no faithno not partice-in the idea
OF making men republicans, and qualifying them for H.
oerty by the mere application of brute force uprootng
institutions to which they have been long accustomed
and establishing other institutions before they are pre-
pared for them Behold, and ask yourselves whatbas
been accomplished IN the world by revolutions started
" aouous men ana achieved by violence before the
nation has been prepared for it What is the condition
OF South America at this day? Revolution after reyo
luton; one military man after another military man
no. sur robber; they do not deserve TO be called mill
tary menone after another fleeing the people robbinp
the people, who seem to be incapable Of resistance and
utterly destitute OF capacity for selfgovernment
MI CAss would ask the Senator whether il they
had belonged to this country twenty years ago. they would
not have been changed?
Mr.. UNDERWOOD. hope they would have been. Inn
speaking, though, for the purpose Of illustrating nv
principles VIII attend, IN moment, 10 the idea which
he senator has thrown out give the example Of the
Spanish republics Of continent TO show that until the
masses Of the people, by the Improvement Of the intel
ec understand their until they see how the po
vernmenta machinery be made to work to protect
NOSE rights ana until they able by moral and intel
ectua power instead of fraud and violence 10 mt and
keep that machinery in continual and snccessfl onea
ton, their revolutions and wars only precinitae them
down the descending slope Of progress from one state of
70 another so that from the lowest depth TO
wch they hasten there is no hope Of resurrection The
HISTORY % tne revolutions OF Spanish colonies proves the
truth OF my position. Look also at France Sir some
OF the constitutions Of that country which have rood
are upon paper as beautiful compositions Astounding in
as glorious truths in reference TO human rights m ever
were penncd. But what is French Constitution mon
paper It's nothing because there is not intellectual
and moral power In the masses Of the people and stability
Of purpose to have written constitution ohserved and
executed Sir, the nations Of Europe before they can
be free must learn how 10 divide power AZ we have done
and then they must understand the value and
Of abiding BY the laws until constitutionay cbanged
shing IN which have often thought my Democratic
friends were very deficient
In the first revolution Of France which succeeded our
own, there was party in that country headed by the
exalted the patriotic the noble the generous Lafayette
denominaed the Girondists. have read with intense
anxiety the struggle Of that Gronst party for the pur
pose Of establishing Government in France TO secure
hall tha f.