The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1853-01-18

combine with the interest Of the occasion secure
full attendance Of the friends of the
Nebraska Territory.
| To the Editor Of he Union.
SR: The numerous letters Of inquiry have received
from various sections OF the country in relation the
resources &c, OF Nebraska Territory, induce
quest small space in your paper TO answer the inquiries
of my correspondents do this for the purpose OF saving
myself The trouble Of writing the same thing again
and again. and to disseminate the information more
widely than private correspondence could do
The bouadaries of Nebraska Territory have not been
defined by law but those which the nature and condi-
ton OF the country reasonably require, and which will
probably be established by Congress, the by
the State Of Missouri. the west by the summit OF
the Rocky mountains, the south by the thirty sixth
degree and thirty minutes OF north latitude, and the
north by the fortythd degree Of north latitude These
boundaries though extensive will be necessary to the
protection of The settlements which will spread over
the Territory and of the thousands of emgrants that
pass through it from various points, until the State
be formed and government be established for the resi-
due Of the Territory.
The inquiries addressed to me mainly respecting
the SOIL climate, productions water, minerals, and ia
cilltes OF trade.
1s,. Soil-The soil is rich black loan, varying in
depth from one foot 10 FIVE feet This description OF
soil extends with very slight exceptions) from the
crn boundary OF the Territory for distance OF about
two hundred miles westward, and for that distance i'll
support dense population any other part OF the
world OF equal extent. Indeed, doubt whether there
is another region OF country SO large that will equal ii
in beauty or fertility OF soil. have much of old
Mexico New Mexico, California, and other parts OF the
United States, and have yet seen IL equalIed in
these particulars lis only Objectionable feature is a
scarcity of timber the high rolling prares. Along
the streams, however. the timber is generally equal to
The wants Of the farmer, and consists Of oak, walnut
hickory, ask pecan cottonwood hack berry, cherry SC
Westward Of these Two hundred miles the land generally
becomes less desirable, yet the whole county, up TO the
mountains. abounds in charming valleys, where industry
will Obtain a fair reward for its labors.
Indeed not that this will not be az valuable
any other portion of the country, if the settler would
turn his attention 10 wool-growing; for the Short nu.
ucious buffalo grass which covers those elevated re-
sons and the dry. undulang surface OF the country Pc
cuiary adapt il to the raising OF sheep.
ID Climate is chang cable. but less 80 than in
the western middle. and eastern States. The winters
are usually cod and dry. setting in about the first OF De-
cember, and lasting I'LL about the middle OF February
During the latter part OF Febrsary and the months of
March and April there s but little rain afordng the
farmer the fines, opportunity put his grounds and fences
in order Tor the planting season. month OF very wet
weather usually succeeds. but sometimes the rains do
not sci in till June The summers long and warm
but relieved by copious and seasonabe rains There is
seldom any frost between the first OF May and the IRE,
OF October, and though the weather is extremely warm
during this time, without that debialng sulrness
which 10 90 common in the middle States There is q
never ceasing breeze from the SHOWS Of the Rocky
mountains which sweeps this region, carrying
with il health and vigor the whole animal creation
3D. The prodaet,o~s hemp. tobacco, corn, wheat.
rye oa buck wheat and every variety OF vegetable that
Is grown in the aliudes in other parts of the Uni
led States and these attain 10 higher degree OF peec-
tiop than have elsewhere seen, except in California
1 - - a a a. 81,
the world affords Corn and wheat yield abundant
crops as in any part OF the United States and OF quail
| i,y nowher surpassed.
4th. Wharf.-The eastern portion of the Territory
abounds in springs and small streams OF the pures water
| canno, say from personal observation whether the
western portion possesses this advantage high de-
gree or not but understand from those who have trav-
e,ed it that there is scarcity OF water any part
OF IL.
The Missouri river forms the northeastern boundary
OF the Territory and is nzvigabe for first class steam
the year round except about and bali month
of winter. The Kansas river, running from south
westerly direction, flows into the Missouri al the State
line Il 10 about two hundred miles long, and 10 believed
TO be navigabe for second class steamboats, for that dis
lance The valley OF the Kansas 10 the finest portion Of
the Territory. and ia waered by numerous streams which
afford good power for manufacturing purposes
5h Mnersis - Bituminous coal has been discovered in
many parts OF the cosn,y and will doubtless be found
in the creates, abundance when the country shall be
thrown open TO examination and settlement
At present the military commsndans. stationed in the
Territory project the inbabsn,s TO be the
ers Of the country, and have. BY proclamation forbidden
researches Of this kind do believe there is such
ano'her instance Of The wanton exercise Of arbitrary
power IN our whole history. Even in despotic govern
men's the subjects in time OF peace are permitted 10 20
uhher hey please, and far they may the
relative advantages Of dHsren, sections Of the empire
Bes'des coal. u s believed that iin gold and iron ore
have been found the head waters of the Kansas but
whether they exist there IN any considerable quantities s
uacertain. Limestone sandstone are evsrvwhere
abundant.
9Th Pos'inies r rads--The Missouri rivsr which
forms The northeastern boundary Of the Territory Tor d.
lance OF three hundred miles is navixabe for steamboats,
Of The larger class and these ply daily from 81 LOU. as
fer up the business will Justify AT present St Joseph
which il about bundled mles above the mouth OF
the Kansas 10 the highest point 10 which they make reg
ular trips.
The Kansas too. will probably afford the means Of
transportation to and from the interior Of the country
There having been brsinees to jostfy IL. esmboas
have YET tried the Of his river Yet there
be but little doubt Of its being navigabls for sseam