The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-08-16


assistance necessary project the person and pro-
perry IF an Ameri, citizen resident IN CHINA who
Is peaceably attending to bis Affairs the Chinese
government will become respontlnie ior "naeover
Toss such citizen may sustain ty 'aw!sss violence for
want Of adequate protection. II will be the dnfy OF
the United States to make reclamation OF sucn loss
from China.
Should the Chinese public authority announce to
that Of the United States III advance OF threatened
danger, that China ia unable to comply with the
sipulations OF the 10Th article OF the treaty, me
proper authority OF the United States would protest
such declaration and the United States would take
measures to extend to you the protection emma
falls to afford; but at the same time would hold the
government Of China responsible for any losses you
might incur BY her failure to observe the terms u
the treaty.
The ctmmotlon which now sgitates China Is "a
mixed war; contest between government and
its snb)ects--wth which American citizens ia China
have 10 concern. There has been no declaration Of
war which they would, es merchants, be bound TO
notice in case II public war, and therefore should
the contest involve their Interests OF endanger their
property, they have no other course than to i've
strictly within the letter OF the treaty, and repose
upon the vigilance end good faith Of their twn go
yerr meut, 10 attain ultimately indemnity for any
lawlessness and violence on the part OF Chinese SUD
jects have the honor, gentlemen, to he yours re-
specially, HUMPHREY MARSHALL
Aessls. Smith, King Co., Shanghai.
IT'S EFTFors, BOTH CHRISTIAN AND COMMERCIAL.
From. the London T mes. August 81
Inc iDtelnEeuCc We CONTINUE NJ TcCclNS ubUA Sshu0
is ola very extraordinary and eventfa character The
great insurrectionary movement OF the disciples OF
Tai-pingwa which Is interpreted to mean "the
Prince of Peace" has nowhere been effectual!y re-
sisted by the Imperiaist troops aud on every point
on which the Mandarps and the Mantchoo authori-
ties have been attacked, they have been routed and
overthrown. The British Plenpotentary in China
proceeded, az we have already stated, towards the
end of April, in her Majestys steamer Hermes up
the Yang kiang to confer with the chiefs OF the
rebellion and to announce to them the neutrality OF
the British government. The object of this expedition
not being at first clearly understood, the Herue. was
repeatedly fred upon from the forts along the river;
but she succeeded in making good her voyage with
ont loss Of life. as Sir George Bonham approached
Napkin, singular INDIGESTION was seen Of the sud
den change effected n the religious opinions OF the
Chinese, for the river was Btrewn with the floating
fragments Of wooden idols, like the fgure.heads Of
ships scattered from wreck. Shortly afterwards
TIE Interpreters went shore, and letter from Sir
Ceoroe Honrnr, was communicated TO the Chinese
Chiefs in which he appears TO "'en c'a.ie
to the title Of sovereign authority. .ne natives
visited the ship freely, and great cordially and
eaeerness to trade seemed to prevail The inter
prefers succeeded in obtaining copies OF some Of
The religious books circulated among the new
sect, and it is impossible to doubt that they are
derived from the Old and New Testaments, with
some slight adaptation to the manners Of the
Chinese empire Thus, in the commentary on the
seventh commandment, we are informed that sn1ok
ing opium is to be considered as included In the
crime OF aOGtery. Inc prayers anu tuank5SlVNiSS
to be used by the faithful the various occasions Of
life are expressly offered Through the merits OF our
Saviour and heavenly brother, the Lord Jesus who
redeemed us from SIN" The form OF praise is EVIL
IDENTIFY taken from the Christian doxology; the OBJ
servance Of the Sabbath Ia enjoiEed, and the whole
dispensation Of the Old and New TestaDents Is set
forth in q poem or psalm, called "Trmetrical
tons Ne can remember to have perueed In point
ct morals and language the conduct of the new EJECT
i described as extremely decorous, and strlkingly
different from the usual habits of the Chinese.
1t seems, however, from accounts on which we
can rely, that the numbers of troops serving under
the standard Of this instruction are less than had
been stated AT Nankin their regular force old not
about rs GOO men who had joined their standard in
the provinces they had subdued. Upon the Man
darins and Tartar troops they make war with great
ferocity, and many thousands CT them have been
numbered not less than 10000, Of whom 5000
were regular troops. Yet they struck not a
blow in their defence. Only about 100 escaped
ont Of the whole populations, the rest, men, wo-
eve killed them ALL said the insurgents
to the English interpreters, ITO the iafant
in arms; We LETT not arOot to sprout from. Their
bodies were thrown into the Yangtse.kiang.' The
successful army for the purpose Of plumber though
in many instances plumber has been punished by
death. But the general course pursued by the
middlng and trading classes, which are numerous
Al Onihu, sSSA1s W NC W puIIlCdue tueLaSelVeb III
their houses, and to take no part in the contest
until it should be more clearly seen which side is
likely to come OF victorious Upon the rivers and
In the chief maritime cities, the imperialists had
be inferior to them in their war jnnks, or means
Of water communication. But Annoy had
fallen into the power Of the enemy on the 10th of
May, after severe combat, and subsequent at
tempt Of Chinese admiral to retake the place, was
repnlsed with loss This was the first instan, e in
which one Of the ports opened to European trade by
the treaty OF Nankin had been the scene Of actual
hostiliiies, and it is gratifying 70 find that eectual
measures were at once taken by the insurgents to
protect the foreign factories from insult Or page,
and that they have uniformly testified their anxiety
to favor mercantile interests.
To Canton the revolution had not yet penetrated
at the date OF the last accounts, which extend
to the third Of June, but there was reason to
believe that great internal outbreak was impend.
ing in that city, probably in connexion with
the movement going on IN other Provinces
Of Canton to foreigners it was feared that in the
event of disturbances there the Europeans would
have chiefly to rely on their own courage and
alacpty for their defence. The small steamer Rapid
was within easy reach Of the factory, and it was
hoped that achievements would be sent up from
Hong Kong .4happens, unfortunately, that the chief
naval forces the Spartan, and the French steamer
Cassni had gone up TO Shanghai TO protect Euro
Iean interests in the immediate negbborhood Of the
theatre Of war; while the Hermes and Rather are at
Annoy; whereas Canton is still by far the most i'm
porant point for our authorities to OBSERVE and we
shall look with anxiety for accounts of the change
that seems about to take place on that station.
There is great ~ believe thst the successful
progress of this nsurecton, II it be not put down.
viii be favorable to many Of the rst interests Of hui
mainly and civilization. We may hope that it will
extend the blessings Of Christianity and that 1. will
at least insure federation to the preachers OF purer
creed It has long been seen that the obstacles to
unrestricted freedom Of trade with China Law princi
pally, If not entirely in the Jealous policy Of the
government; and there Is reason to suppose that If
new dynasty be established over any considerable
portion Of the empire, our trade will be extended
far beyond the five ports reluctantly opened TO
Europeans by the treaty of 1s43. Bnt, though
the insurgents are known to be In posses
sion of well disciplined army, which has
invariably defeated the Emperoris troops and
they thus hold several of the most important
parts Of the country, we have heard nothing which
proves the establishment Of any sovereign authority
beyond that Of military occupation over the conquer
ed parts OF the empire. On the contrary there Is
reason 10 iesr that although the population have
readily aItl miftld tho az