The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1853-06-09

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rngsh look possession of all that part OF North America
Mhch was no. peoccuped by the Spaniards The French
entered by The 81 Lawrence followed that noble arerA
The heart OF the continent traced the great lakes 10
Inc u's,s ana weeping fountains descended
tbe blssissippi Miracles OF humble and unay iIingShe
fosm were performed by their gallant adyenlu,ers and
pious mssionares in the depths of oar western wider
ness. Applause ] The English stretched along the
coast The geographer would have pronounced tha the
french IN aIpropnaling 10 themselves the mighty basins
OF The mississippi and the ST. Lawrence had got posses
sion OF The better part Of the continent But il was an
attempt 10 compose The second volume of the Fortunes
oi America IN advance Of the first This il ordain.
ca should DC written al jamestown and Py mouth The
French, though exceng all other nations OF the world in
he arr OF communicating Tor temporary purposes with
savage tribes, still than the Spanards 10 be
.siute OF The august SIX required TO found States
40 hol know mat there is such thing IN the world
colony OF France growing up into prosperous common
wealth. half million of French peasants in Lower
Canada consciously adheIng TO the manners and customs
which their fathers trough, from Normandy two cenlu
RES ago, and third part Of that number Of planters Of
French desceo, IN Louisiana, all that is left bar
living witness to the amazing fact that century ago
America.
i was the Atlantic coast ia the colonies origi.
nay planted or soon acf1red by England at the great
woIkot The seventeenth century perfomed--sow-
~, tolsome'y, effectively; mighty work for America
and mankind, Of which even we, fond and proud Of
as we are. do but family guess the magnitude Zap.
plause 1t could hardly be said at the time to prosper in
any q us parts l yielded no return to the pecuniary
capital invested The political relations OF the colonies
from the first those OF and resistance
and even the moral principle, lar there was one on
which they were founded, was not consistently carried
out. There conflict with the savages war with
the French and Spanlards; arring and feuds between
neIghboTDg colonies; persecution of dissenting ind
yduals and sects perpetual dscord with the Crown and
tue ProprIe,arics Yet, IN The main, and the whole,
'Thc work went bravey on
Things that did moi work singIy worked together if
they did not work together they worked by reaction and
sisency ofpowefu colonies habits Of civil government
rooted themselves in soil that continually stirred
BY political agitation the frame OF future republics knit
il w in ,hrtn Il
OF colonial rule and III the middle of the eighteenth
century the approach OF mighty changes began to be
dmIy foreseen by gifted spirits faint streak Of purple
| light blushed along the eastern sky. [Appause]
/ Two things worth mentioning contributed the
suit: One was the absence OF the precious metals The
British colonies were rich in the want OF gold AS the
abundance OF gold and silver in Mexico and Peru con-
trbuted. various ways, 10 obstIuc the prosperity of
the Spanish colonies. the want of them acted less
favorably here In the first settlement Of savage will
derpess the golden attraction is too powerful for the
dnary routine OF life produces everish excitement,
unfavorahe TO The healthy growth and calm action OF the
body polite. Although California has IRON the first had
the advantage OF being incorporated into stable pol
cal system OF which, sister State, she forms nte
gral part, il is quite doubtful whether, looking her
permanent we'll being, the gold is be a blessing to
her. 1t will hasten her settlements but that would
any rale have advanced with great rapidly. Oae of the
most intellectual men IN this country, the author OF
OF The most Admirable works in language. mean
" Two Years before the Mast" once remarked to me
that California would be of the finest countries in
the world 10 live in II ii not for the gold"
The other circumstance which operated in the most ia
vorabe manner upon the growth OF The Anglo American
colonies the act that they called INTO existence
less by the government Than The peoplethat they
settled not by bodies OF colonss, bui by individual emit
grants. The Crown gave charters OF government and
grants OF land and aconsiderabe expenditure was made
by Of the companies and prope,os who received
these grants but upon the whole. The United States
settled by indvidnals-,he adventurous, Tesou,e, high
spirited and in many cases, prosecuted and women,
who sought home and refuge beyond the and
such the state Of Europe in the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries, that II furnished succession of
victims Of long series OF political and religious disas-
lers and prosecutions, who found after another
safe and congenial retreat in some OF the American
colonies.
This noble theme has been treated with beauty and
power by one whom need not in this presence,
(he Historian of The United Sates,) which, without i'm
pairing their authenticity, have converted the severe
pages OF our history into magnificent Odyssey OF
uonal adventure ] can but glance at the dates. The
settlement, that Of Virginia, commenced in The spirit
of worldly enterprise with slight dash, however, OF
chivalry and romance ;he part Of it's leader. In the
generation this colony became The favoe resort of
the loyal cavaliers and gentlemen who disguised by
the austeres OF the English Commonwealth or fell un-
der lis suspicion. In the meantime, New England was
founded by those who suffered the penalties OF non-con
fofmiy. The mighty change OF 1910 stopped the tide Of
emigration 10 New England, but recruited Virginia with
those who were disstiected 10 Cromwell.
In 1924 the island of Manballan-oi which you have
perhaps heard tlaugher and if not, you will find Ss
history related with learning, Judgment and good taste,
by a loyal descendant OF its early settlers Mr.. Brod-
head)-w purchased of the Indians for twenty -four
dollars. OF money by the way, which rather
low for twenty-five thousand acres OF land including the
site of this great metropolis but which would, If put out
al compound interest at seven per cent in 1874 no, PEI
baps fall very much short OF its present value
though admit that dollar for one thousand acres is
quite cheap for cheice spots the 5h avenue Laugh
ter MAJ yland next attracted those who adhered 10 The
ancient faith OF the Christian world New Jersey and
Pennsylvania were mainly settled BY persecued Quakers
but the latter offered an asylum TO the Germans whom
the sword OF Louis XIV drove from the Palanae. The
French Huguenols, driven out by the revocation OF The
edic, OF Nantes scattered themselves from Massachusetts,
| TO Carolina. The Dutch and Swedish settlements on
the Hudson and the Delaware provided kindred home
for such of their countrymen desired TO try the for
tune Of the New World The wings OF England who
rebeed against James II 10 1855, aud sent TO the
colonies lived long enough TO in exile
the adherens OF his son. who rsbeed against George
in l7l5. The oppressed Procsiants OF Sa'zburS
with Ogleihope to Georgia and the Highanders who
| fought ior Charles Edward in I7l5 depored by
hs ndreds to North Carolina They were punished by
land OF abundance and liberty; they bansbed from
oatmeal porridge 10 meat twice day. tLaushterl The
Gaelic language is still spoken by their descendants and
thousands OF their kindred at the presen, day woid no
donb, gladly share their exile tApplausel
! There doubt that the hardships which awaited
the emigrant at that early day neither few nor
slight though greatly exaggerated tor want OF nforma
ton. Goldsmith, in "The Deserted Village. published
in 1852 somewhat amusing picture OF The state
OF things as he supposed il 10 exist beyond the at
that time As his local allusIon TO Georgia. IL prob
able ha, he formed his impressions from the accounts
which were published London about the middle OF The
last century by of the Disseminated settlers OF that
colony. Goldsmith, being we'll acquainted with General
Oklethope likely enough 10 have had his attention
called the subject Perhaps you will allow me TO en-
| liven nay dull prose with few lines OF his beanufni