Southern standard. [volume] (Columbus, Miss.) 1851-1856, 1853-12-17
NUMBER IL.

common rights oil all TO the free of those means
which Nature mas provided for International COM
10 these more liberal and enligliten-
ed views 1t Is hoped that Brazil will conform her
policy, and remove ali unnecessary restrictions
upon the free Of a river, which traverses so
many states and so large part of the continent.
ana happy 10 inform YOU that the republic of Par
aguay and the Argentine Confederation have yield
ed TO The liberal policy still resisted by Brazil, in
regard to the navigabe rivers within their respec-
i've territories Treaties embracing this subject
among others have been negotiated with these
governments which will be submitted to the Sen
ate d. the present session.
new branch Of commerce, important to the
agricultural inter- SIS Of the United States, has,
within few years past, been opened with Peru.
Notwithstanding the inexhaustibIe depostes of gu
upon The islands Of that country, considerable
difficulties are experienced in obtaining the requi-
site supply. Measures have been taken to remove
these difficulties, and to secure more abundant
importation OF the article Unfortunately, there
has been serious collision between our citizens
who have resorted to the Chincha islands for it,
and the Peruvian authorities stationed there. Re-
dress for the ontrases, committed by the latter,
promptly demanded by our minister at Lima.
This subject is now under consideration. and there
is reason to believe that Peru is disposed to offer
adequate indemnity to the aggrieyed parties
countries, but, in regard to political affairs are
exempt from any cause of serious disquietude in
our domestic relations. .e.---a5.4
The controversies, which have agitated the coun-
try heretofore, passing away with the causes
which produced them and the passions which they
had awakened or if any trace OF them remains,
it may be reasonably hoped that it will only be
perceived in the jealous rivalry of all good citizens
to testify their respect for the rights of the States.
its institutions, its welfare and its domestic peace
shall be held alike secure under the sacred egis
| of the constitution 81 eaH
This new league of amity and ofmutual confdenc
and support, into which the people of the republic
have entered. happily affords inducement and OPP
portunity for the adoption of more conprehen-
siye dnd unembarrassed line of policy and action,
as to the great marerial interests OF the country,
whether regarded in themselves in connection
with the powers Of the civilized world.
! The United States have continued gradully and
steadily to expand, through acquisitions OF terrific
nv, which, how much soeyer some OF them may
| have been questioned, a'e now universally seen
and admitted to have wise in policy, just in char
acter, and a great element in the advancement. of
our country and, with it. of the human race, in
freedom, in prosperity, and in happiness. The
thirteen States have grown to be thirty one, with
relations reaching to Europe on the one side, and
on the other to the distant realms of Asia.
am deeply sensible of the immense responsible
Itv which the present magnitude of the republic,
and the diversity and multiplicity OF It's interests
devolyes upon me: the alienation of which, So
far as relates to the immediate conduct OF The pub
lie business is first, in my reliance on the wisdom
and patriotism of the two Houses OF Congress
| and secondly in the directions afforded me by the
principles of public polity affirmed by fathers
of the epoch of 1893 sanctioned by long expert
ence and consecrated anew by the overwhelming
voire of the people of the United States
Recurring to fhese principals which constitute
} the organic basis of union, perceive that, vast
as the functions and the duties of the federal gov
eminent vested ill., or entrusted to, lis three great
departments, he legislative, executive, and judi
cal, vet the substantive power, the popular force,
and the large capacities for social and material de-
velopment, exist in the respective States, which,
all being of themselves well constituted republics,
as they preced so they alone capable of MAIN
tang and perpetuating, the American Union. The
federal overnment has its appropriate line OF &C
ton in the specific and limited powers conferred on
it bv the constitution, chiefly TO those things
in WEIGH the States have common interest in
their relations to one another, and to foreign gov
ernments while the great mass OF interests which
belong to cultivated men, the ordinary business OF
life, the springs Of industry, all the diversified per-
sonal and domestic affairs of society, rest securely
I
+ the several States There is effective democracy
of the nation and there the vital essence Gifts be-
F., ing and its greatness nt
/ OfIhe practical consequences which flow from
S the nature of the federal government the prima-
Try one is the duty ofthe administering with ineg-
rity and fidelity the high trust reposed in it by the
constitution, especially in the application of the
G public funds. drawn by taxation from the peo-
pie, and appropriated to specific objects by Con
: gress Happily have no occasion 10 suggest "a
Il nv radical changes in the financial policy OF the
government Ours is almost, ifnot absolutely. the
solitary power of Christendom having surplus
revenue, drawn Immediately from imposts on com
0 merce, and therefore measured by the Spontane
t Gus enterprise and national prosperity of the
0 try, with such indirect relation to agricultuTe,
manufactures. and The products of the earth and
i sea- as to violate no constitutional doctrine, and
9 vet vigorously promote the general welfare. Nel
Their as to the of the public treasure, mol
- DIS to the of keeping aud managing It. does
A any grave controversy now prevail, there being
d general acquiesence in the wisdom OF the present
System.
o The report of the Secretary of the Treasury vii
It exhibit in detail the state of the public tinances
O and the condition of the various branches of the
g public service administered by that department o
1t the government.
II The revenue Of the country levied almost insen
IS sfby to the taxpayer, goes on from year to yea
Il increasing beyond either the interests or the pros
n pectiye wants of the government.
e At the close of the fiscal year ending June 80
1889, there remained in the treasury balance o
t, fourteen million six hundred and thirty thou
$ sand one hundred and thirty-sx dollars. Tn
public revenue for the fiscal year ending June 80
t. 1853 amounted to fifty eight million nine hundre
e and tbirty-one thousand eight hundred and sixty