The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-08-20

the military encampment which is TO take place at
Syracuse next week.
Read the letters elsewhere published, In connection
with other highly interesting European intelligence,
from our Constantnople, London, and Paris cores
The Kosxta Case-Letter from Daniel Web
stsr-New Light thrown on the Rights OF
oar Citizens Abroad.
We are at length beginning to perceive the
practical effects OF General Pierce's promise Of
protection to American citizens abroad Mar
tin Koszta will not be given up; and the only
response that will be made to Austria's de-
mand for reparation, will be second edition Of
the Hulsemann letter. This, we are enabled to
state, has been definitely settled on by the ad-
ministration. We win take the responsibility
Of predicting that the official reply of the Secre-
tary Of State will be as lacolic as possible.
The aggressive attitude which the Austrian
authorities assumed before the st. Louis en-
tered the port, is alone sufficient to justify the
rejection Of their present demands; and the
right of Koszta to the protection of our govern
ment being now clearly established, there is
nothing in the conduct of either Mr.. Brown or
Captain Ingraham, for which this country can
be justly called to account These two points
may possibly be touched upon in the official
despatch of the Secretary of State. It's net
import will be conveyed in the intimation that
the United States not only declines to apologize
for Captain Ingrahan's conduct. but insists une-
quivocally on the surrender of Koszta.
In reality, this affair is too clear to admit OF
controversy. That private individual-re-
siding quietly in neutral territory-can be
seized by an Austrian Consul, dragged into
ship and there held in irons to await
the sentence of bloodthirsty tribunal at vi
emma, is too monstrous doctrine to be defended
by any but the most depraved tyrants. If
Martin Koszta had committed crimes tenfold
more heinous than those which provoked his
outlawry, his arrest in the Turkish dominions
would still have been an outrage, requiring
ample atonement before the Austrians could
occupy the position Of compliments. Having
themselves violated the law Of nations and the
rights Of neutral powers, in the first instance,
they have no claim to complain that their own
rights were disregarded, and their officers
frightened afterwards They do not come int
court with clean hands, and cannot expect
verdict
In the second place. we take the position of
the Secretary of State, on the subject of our
adopted citizens, to be practically correct and
sensible. According to the musty rules Of in
ternational law, the allegiance which man
owes to the State wherein he is born and
brought up, is one Of those obligations from
which he cannot possibly free himself No act
Of his. say the leaden writer's on the subject.
can deprive his original sovereign of his au-
thority over him. Hence, an Englishman who
came here at twenty-one. declared his inten-
tons, was duly naturalized and resided here
twenty years afterwards, is still, in the eye Of
these lights, to all intents and purposes Bri-
tish subject. Fortunately for our adopted
citizens, this theoretical rule has sub
mitted, in practice. to some important
notifications General Scott very properly
refused to be bound by it during the war of
1872; and when England threatened to hang
thirty Irishmen who were captured from our
ranks, he promised to retaliate by treating
twice as many English prisoners In like manner
This practical argument told on Earl Bathurst:
the British government thought better of the
matter, and did not hang anybody. The net
result Of the controversy was the admission of
the principle that naturalization freed an indi-
vidual from his native allegiance. Going step
farther, Mr.. Marcy very properly argues, to our
mind, that the declaration Of a mans intention
to become citizen Of the United States. &C.
companied by the remuneration of his allegiance
to the power whose subject he was, entities
him to the full protection of our government;
for, of the two requisites for complete natural
ization, VIA declaration OF intentions, and q
residence Of FIVE years-it is obvious that the
latter is mere collateral security for the sim
certify Of the former The pith of the agree
ment Is the statement by which A. B. renounces
his allegiance to his former sovereign, and vo-
UNFAIRLY becomes subject Of his adopted State
When this is satisfactorily performed, the com
pact is complete in itself From that moment
A. B. owes allegiance to his adopted country
and common justice would require that the
latter should in return. afford him that
protection which is the natural recompense
individual allegiance. Certain privileges enjoy
ed by citizens are indeed denied to foreign
born residents during their five years novitiate
But having, by our laws, tempted them to re-
nounce the benefit of their former protection,
the least we can do is to accord them o substi-
tute in the shape Of our own.
On some such grounds we are enabled to
state that the administration sustains Captain
Ingraham in the course he took, and would
have upheld him had he carried into effect his
threat Of rescuing Koszta by force.
This is one important principle established.
A letter from the late Daniel Webster which we
publish elsewhere, goes long way towards set
fling another dsnnted nnint In tho iaIand If