The Rutland County herald. [volume] (Rutland, Vt.) 1852-1855, 1853-12-09

Y
r. ,es b. tie fcgsg, u ,ts SccrsaSN q - 10 I
efias. A careful etaininsiioa. hovcfci, vii
.,os. that tins espeucaor IL No result q flsi
i,.rrnunauon, and viii he ssI irom a0@ding ]
encouragement ~ a fueklcse ~ Understandable 4
.sicusauu q ,hc principle
cosumepa 70 youi iasoiable CONSIDERABLE
hg men %; genius u Cur ccunity. WIN, BY iheit
lnteu,iess and discoveries IN science and AT,
have contributed largely 10 the Improvements Of
DE apc ~ itlsgu, 20 manY instances, securing
CO.. themselves anyihing Like an adequate 10
" sfd. For many inse-estlnE details upon ihis
snhec, rcies voa To Tie appropriate reports
and specially usgu upon youi early attention
,iie apparently slight. bot really important mod
ihcaiions oisratng laws therein suggested
The liberal sp1R which has 70 loog marked
the action OF Congress IN relation 20 the Distinct
VI Columbia y ~, havu no couhi, continue 10
he manifested.
The creation OF an asylum fot tho insane Of
the District Of Cnigrbn, sad oi the army and
navy Of the United stses. .s. teen s,mewhal
retarded. by tire great seaman lot B,A,e,.a.s sEe
labor during the pas; simmc tut foil pnpsr'
stous iof tie receipt Of paucuts, before Tie ic
turn Of another wlnic /, Is snuclpaiedi and there
: The best reason Va b. ieye, rom the plan ans
contemplated arrangements which have been
devised, with the large experience furnished
within the last few wears IN relation 10 The ma.
ture and Treatment oi the disease. that u Ni'l
prove an asylum indeed " this most helpless ana
afflicted class OF Sufferers, and stand A. noble
monument Of wisdom and mercy
Under the act Of Congress Of August 81, ls52,
and Of March ,. 1853, hssigned TO secuie for the
cities 81 Washington aud Geo. getown an abun-
daut supply Of good and wholesome water. II
became my duty 10 examine the report and plans
~.
G's' rp.oe" The 49, q - A. -.,'ly pau
calculated 10 secure permanently the object
sought, was that which coniemplates taking the
water from tho Great Fails OF the Potomac, and
consequently, gave It nv approval
For the progress and present condition ofihis
important work, and for It's demands, 50 far as
appropriations are concerned, refer YOU 10 the
report Of the Secretary OF War.
Tho present Judicial system Of the United
States has now leen IN operation for 50 long a
period Of tine and has, IN its general theory and
much Of its details, become 50 familiar TO the
country, and acquired SO entirely the public
confidence, that II modified in any respect, i
should only be in those particulars which may
adapt II 10 the increased extent, population, anc
| legal business of the United States. Ia this re
/ ialion the organization OF the courts is now con
iesssediy inadequate TO the duties TO be performed
| by them in consequence of which, the states o
| Florida, Wisconsin, Iowa, Texas and Cslior
MIA, and distncts OF other States, are in eflcc
excluded from the full benefits of tho genera
| system, by the functions OF the circuit court be
ing devolved on the district Judges of all thos,
States, or parts OF States.
! The spirit ofihe constitution and due regar,
to justice require that all the States of the Uniol
should be placed on the same footing in regar,
To the judicial tribunals. ! therefore commen,
To yonr consideration this important subec,
which, in my Judgment, demands the speedy al
ten,lon of Congress. will present to you,
deemed desirable, plan. which am prepare
10 recommend, for the enlargement and modf
cation Of the present judicial system.
The act of Congress misunderstanding the Smith
sonan Institution provided that the President q
the Uuited States, and other persons therein dc
/ signated, should constitute an establishment b
| that name, and that the members should hol
stated and special meeting for the supervision @
| the affairs Of the institution. The organization
not having taken place, 1t seemed to me prope
that it should be effected without delay Thi
has been done and an occasion was thereby pre-
scntcd for inspecting the condition of the Insitu
ton, and approaching its successful progress thu
| far, and its high promise ofgreat and general use
! fulness.
| have omitted to ask your favorable considers
ton for the estimate Of works OF local characte
in twenty seven ofthe thirty one states, amount
! Ing TO one million seven hundred and fifty fuu
| thousand five hundred dollars, because indepcn
IDENTIFY of the grounds which have SO often bee
urged against the application Of the federal reye
nue. for works Of this character, inequality wit
consequent injustice is Inherent in the nature {
the proposition, and because the plan has prove
entirely inadequate to the accomplishment Of tn
! objects sought.
| The subject Of internal improvements, claimin
alike the interest and good will ofall, has never
thecss been the basis of much political discussion
and has stood as "a deep craven line betwee
statesmen Of eminent ability and patriotism TIL
rule OF strict construction Of all powers delegate
by the States to the general government has al
rayod Itself, from time TO time, against the rapi
progress OF expenditures from the national treasu
ry on works Of local character within the State,
Memorable, as an epoch In the history of this sub
Jecti is the messag" Of President Jacks son, Of IN
9TH OF May, 1880, which met the system OF int,
nal Improvements at its comparative infancy; bll
40 rapid had been its growth, that the projecte
appropriations In thit year for works of this char
acter had risen TO the alarming amoupt Of NOR
than one hundred millions Of dollars In tia
message the President admitted the difficulty o
bringing back the operations Of the government I,
the construction ofthe constitution set up in 1893
aud marked 1t as an admonitory proof ofthc ne
cessity Of guarding that instrument with sleeples
vigilance against the authority of precedent
which had not the sanction Of its most plainly de
tiaed powers
Our government exists under written COMPACT
between sovereign States, uniting for specific OBJ
lects, and with specific grants to their genera
agent. II, then, IN the progress Of It's admins
tration, there have been departures from Tho
terms and intent Of the compact IL is aud will
ever bc, proper TO refer back 10 the Fixed stand
ard which our fathers len Us, and to make stern
effort TO conform our action 10 il. Ii would seem
that the fact Of a principle having been resisted
from the first by many Of the wisest and most
patriotic men Of tie republic, and policy having
provoked constant strife without arriving AT a
conclusion which can be reea ded as satisfactory
10 us most earnest advocates. should suggest the
inquiry whether there may not be plan likely to
be crowned by happier results Without peroeiy-
ing any sound distinction, or Intending TO assert
any principle as opposed To Improvements needed
Tor The protection Of internal commerce, which
does not equally apply 10 improvements on The
seaboard for the protection u foreign commerce
submit To- you, whether It may not be safely an.
lieipA'ed thAti u the policy were once settled
against appropriations By the general goyerumen,
for local Improvements for the benefit Of com
meFoe localities requiring expenditures would
not 10y modes and means clearly legitimate and
proper raise the funds necessary FOR such con-.
struciions as this safety other interests Of com
merce might require.
II that can De regarded as a system. which In
the experience d more than thirty years, has. Al
10 time 10 commanded the public Judgment as TO
siFe Il the character Of a settled policy-which
though Il has produced some works Of conceded
Importance, has been attended with an expandi
lure quite dlsproponiouato 70 th-ir valus-apd
has sluandered large sums upon objects which
lave answered DO valuable purpozs-ihe Interests
4 al the States require Il 10 be abandoned miles,
hopes may be INDUCED In the future which and
DO warrant IN the past
With an AKious desire for the completion Of the |
sofks which are regarded by all good citizens !
'ith sincere Interest, have deemed Il 10Y duiy /