Columbus Democrat. [volume] (Columbus, Miss.) 18??-18??, 1853-01-01
Fixed Facts in Agriculture.

= All lands on which clover or the grasses are
groFn, must either have lime in them naturally,
or bat material must be artifcially supplied. 1t
ma ers but little whether it be supplied in the
fonh of stone lime, or marl
| 4 All permanent Improvement in lands must
loor to lime as its basis.
| g. Lands which have been long in culture, will
be benefited by applications OF phosphate OF
lime, and it is unimportant whether the deficiency
be supplied in the form of bone dust guano, ma
tive phosphate of lime, composts of fish, ashes or
in that of oyster shell lime, or marl-if the land
needs lining also.
4. No olands can be preserved in high state Of
fertility, unless clover and the grasses are cultva-
ted in the course OF rotation
5. Mould is indispensable to every soil and a
healthy supply can only be preserved thro' the
cultivation Of clover and the grasses, the turning
in Of green crops or by the application of com
posts rich in the dement's of mould.
6. Concentrated animal manures, are increased
in value and their benefits prolonged, by admix-
ture with plaster salt, or pulverizcd charcoal
7. Deep plougling greatly improves the pro-
ductive powers OF every variety OF soil that is not
wet.
8. Subsoiling sound land, that is, land that is
not wet, is eininenty conducive to increased pro-
duction.
o. All wet land should be drained.
10. All grain crops should be harvested before
the grain is thoroughly ripe,
IL. Clover, as wdl as the grasses intended for
hay, should be moved when in bloom.
H. Sandy lands can be most effectualy inn
proved by clay. When such lands require linn
ing or marling the lime or mari is most benef-
cially applied, when made into compost with clay.
When such lands require lining or marling, the
lime or mari is most benefcially applied, when
made into compost with clay. In Stacking lime,
salt BRINE is bettG than water.
49, The choppng or grinding Of grain, to be
fed to stock, operates as saving of at least
twenty-five per cent.
IA. Draining Of wet lands and marshes adds to
their value by making them produce more and
better crops-by producing them earlier impro-
wing the health of neighborhoods.
l5 To manure, or lime wet lands, is to throw
manure, lime and labor away.
10. Shallow plowing operates to impoverish
the soil, while it decreases production.
IT, By stabing and shedding stock through the
winter, saving Of one fourth of the food may be
effected-thatis is one-fourth less food will answer
than when such stock may be exposed to the in
clemencies of the weather.
i Is. A bushel of plaster, per acre, sown broad
cast over clover. win add one hundred per cent to
its produce.
10. Periodical applications of ashes tend tc
keep up the integrity of the soil by supplying
most il not all Of the organic substance.
20. Thorough preparation of land is absolute
ly necessary to the successful and luxuriant
growth Of crops.
81. Abundant crops cannot be grown for q
succession Of years, unless care be taken to pro
vide and apply an equivalent for the substances
carried from land in the products grown thereon
%. To preserve meadows in their productive
ness, it is necessary to harrow them every autumn
applying top dressing, and roll them up.
23. All stiff clays are benefited by fall and
winter plowing; but they should never be plowed
while they are wet. II, at such plowings, the fur
row be materially deepened, lime, mari, or ashes
should be applied.
i "a. Young stock should be moderately fed with
grain, in winter, and receive generous supplies o.
long provender, it being essential to keep them in
fair condition, in order that the formation of mus
cles, bones, DC, may be encouraged and contin
uously carried on.
25. Mich COWS, in winter should be kept in
dry, moderately warm, but well ventilated quar-
tiers, regularly fed and watered three times day
salted twice or thrice week, have clean beds, bt
curried daily, and in addition to the long pro
vender, should receive succulent food morning and
evening.
49, Full compliments Of tool implements ol
husbandry are intimately connected with the sue
cess Of the husbandman.
81. Capital is not only necessary 10 agricultu-
raj success, but can be as proftaby used in farm
ing as in any occupation.
49, Punctuality in engagements, is as nee
essary 10 an agriculturist as il is to a merchant
| 90 Every busbandman should carefully read
and digest matters connected with his business;
his success being as dependent upon full knowl.
edge Of its principles and details, asss that OF
lawyer, or physician, with knosledge Of the
science Of law or physic
go Wheat rye, oats and barley should never
follow each other in a course Of rotation; there
should always be intervening hoe crop between
them.
81. Weeds should never be permitted TO ma
ture their seeds on farm, but be pulled up, OF
cut down as often as they show themselves, such
being the only efectual method Of eradicating
them. To insure this result, the ground should
be planted in corn, and that kept clean.
32. Time and labor devoted 10 the collection oi
materials TO be converted into manure, are the
most fruitful sources Of profit in the whole range
Of farm economy.
ss. The orchard to be productive Of good fair
fruit, requires 10 be fed, as much as does field
Of grain The soil Of each requires that the sub
stances distracted by the the crops shall be resior-
ed. The soil should be kept clean and open 70
the meliorzting influences Of the sun the rain and
the sir-the bark Of the tree should be kept in a
heAlihful condition, by scraPing when necessary,
and by alkaline washes.