The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-05-11

Dane OF tne ctae IN 1905 o. ana Nm Official report
to the government with map showing the territory
over which it exercised Jurisdictions and which li.ot.
are claimed 10 theecond article Of it, revised
uon with equal force might II be insisted that the
limits assigned by Uni cd states TO the and
States before they have themselves cons titu
mon ana made nno.n the limits owes which they have
But this old decree Of Mexico although think it Of
little account 10 the argumeot aod which the only
document ON which New Mexico base any aim 10
reality sustain my position It says that
The province Of Chihuahua shall include that
called aso del Sor.s on % side sh the
florida eide Durnso With e.
Let ask what is the sursdcton that the TO xu Of
II Psso has always ssessedf Ia 1921 when the DC
referred to passed. the the north
beyond the Tornado del Muerto one hund ed and
miles distant and the only considerable ranche was at
San Diego, seventy or seventy five miles distant Now
asthe boundary OF Chhaahua according its consttu
limit Of the Jurisdiction always sed oy the town
OF II Paso, limit which agrees with all the book, on
Escuderos sNotcias Eaadiaoas del Es,ado de Chihv1
haa Mexico 1854 published by order OF the supreme
government says the Dorthern limit 32 degrees SO mi
ntes north latitude IL claims, too, alike with the Of
cai report before referred to- the copper with
in It's jurisdiction.
But small pamphlet deserves here to DO noticed and
which would respectfully recommend to the careful pa
rusal OF Governor Lane, Of New Mexico I Ia eutitet
leo 'ss' aSs%ds ~ Dsa ase Ng Ms
no. con arregio irnceions, cad 1872 meaning brief
exposition OF the province u New Mexico depu
Ins pamphlet does not dehue the boandar ies OF New
Mexico because whs other northern provinces 1t
had no acknowledged boundary, bur place where
the deputy lie recommending certain places estao
La Mesa del Pueblo del Paso that is sous in La Ne
slla in the town OF III Paso' Here il an acknowledge
from public officer that the now dispu,ed valley
and Of Mesilla was in the town OF Fl Paso place
which has always been and is now ackuo sedged to be
more familiar knowledge of the official documents,
books and of country by its pnblic officers would
greatly facilitate the despatch Of public business, AMI
might sometimes the trou bic Of issuing fuminstng
prociamations Ind embarr assiDg the government
such gentlemen correst history and present state
Of the MEXICAN boundary question. What haze stated
facts from published Official document or from au
thoized maps not directed to enter ioto any new
arrangements as TO the boundary Ny Instructions re-
ferred to the 9th article Of the treaty Of
Hdalgo and Disurnels map OF 1877 which we're deemed
sufficient to enable carry out the wishes OF the
government The instructions to my predecessors from
the Hob. James Buchanan were similar to mine, with
the exception that this lusriens statesman in his in
structions to the Hon Weller, says that in the dis
dent his conduct will be characterized by prudence firm
ness and concilatory spirit" and furthermore that
the desires no advantage the Mexican governn
With this calculation, gentlemen leave it for you To
judge whether have obeyed my instructions and have
established the boundary IN question according to the
stpuatons in the treaty, and the particular map to
which was confined.
shall close my remarks with o few words on the geo
gapby OF the country contiguous 70 the boundary aad Of
its adaptation for the purposes Of railroad. !.
1t has been asserted that the present line OF boundary
at 81 degrees ~ minutes running three degrees Of
longitude deprives the United States of the most ract
route for railroad to the Pacific and the upon
which railroad be constructed the least expense
Such shall show is not the
The 9th article Of the Treay of Guadalupe Hidalgo,
IT. BY the examinations which may made it should be
road canal railxay, which should whole or part
run upon the river ella upon It's right It's left bank
The river the Of bots republics viii form an
adSsnsss Of both nss
by examining the treaty map appears that the west
banch Of the river Ga it, very source from which
point it believed that the river would be the boun
tssy between the two republics its entire length Had
ley or near the bed OF the river within marine league Of
either bank no more would have been required But an
examination Of this river shows that for one half Of its
course 1t Is closely henmed in by lofty ana mpassbIe
mountains and that it is only after proceeding west d
the mouth of the San Pedro river the nountsuou, me-
Rion passed. and broad and unpterrupted plain opeas
to the view. -
There il pseulissity in the geographical features
OF this region which here deserves to be- noticed.
The great range known as tho Rocky Mountains vnich
north to south through the entire Length of
greatest elevation north Of Santa Fe in New MeTc, d.
verges Westward, and preserves almost an untreken
chain west Of the Rio Grande At the copper mines be-
tween that stream and the ella these mountans attain
height OF more than 600 feet above the level Of tue
sea- They rise up in elevated peaks separated BY mar
plain from 900 to feet above the level Of the sea
Here the great Cordera about 20 miles
north o. the boundary line Of Now Mexico, and ele
reach is fouu in its place. This paean ernda south
waidy through the greater portion Of Mckee In its
IL so miles, it is intersected by ranges OF mountains
ha,irg elevation Of from 900 10 1900 feet above the
these mountains are not 10 continued chaps but in
short ridges from Ave fifteen miles in length overlapping
each ott and appearing Ut distance o.
barrier, ay be passed in many places through dehes
with little ascent that it is scarcely percepble untn
the traveller finds himself descending gradually on the
western de This IL character Of all the Lessor ranges
of noun aims which extend the continent. from
regiou where the elevated plateau Of Texas begins
mountains bordering the Pacific ocean The general
OF these ranges or serras as they are called
in Mexico il from the northwest to the s0utheast.
In about the latitude of II deg Is min north, the
areat Cordsra again begins to appear called tho
many lesser is as were the eoaesnsason o.
length of Aexco to the cordhera Of the Xnoes IN Sou
America. N'' IA 'ou'"
The ''Guadalupe pass" through which the old s,,-,
road from the city Of Mexico Sonora h.R
been traversed for more than . century, an throarh
which Colonel Cooke passed with his brigade to Sr.
the sssIerIa Madre" where it begins rise from OF
great plateau at the north From this poi:t to with
TO sixty miles in width Between the mountains border
ing the Gla river therefore, and the Sierra Madre
the 70 se be-
tho 6an Pedro and the Mexican frontier post Of
Tucson, which mounts aims are IL many places passsbie
Cha near N. Pine vlsaes south Of ths ella l. vast
desert extending to the Gulf of California without grass
or trees and Interested by similar isolated short
mountain ranges those described Ia the region before
alluded 70.
With reference therefore to railroad there is prac
tieabe and ven direct route from the Rio Grapde be-
tween point about ton miles north OF "a Paso, and
point about the distance north Of the pe Of 81
deg 81 min Westward until the mountain ridge near th
San Pedro is passed Thence 70 the Ga, is level an
open plain Along the valley Of the ella or ou tbs pla
teau IT, the country is OPEN level and not obstrnc
ed by mounains for distance Of from 100 to 200 nile
when TIT Colorado reached. Crossing this stres1
which may be easily done by BRIDGE you come to
desert abou, ITO miles in widih which extends for gre
distance northward along the Colorado and southwark
Lower California, Is full extent liz uoknowu. The who
district o. country named Is Yanasraaoy eyc
require out little any grading or embankment exec
where the canons deiles between the mountains
ayersed. This route though not as direct as the mort
ern oues, is admirably adapted for railroad =,
In the opinion here expressed, am supported by LAG
tenant Wh,ppe who had charge of one Of the survey
parties. III thi, report that officer says =
That IL would hardly be practicable to construct
road canal railway wholly upon the river GI
The OF the Pinal Lleno mount is complete
The below the junction q the Rio San Psd-
equally mpracticable Between tho Pine settlement
the Junction of the CHA with the Colorado nature int