New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-02-09

tirti ard extended their domain along ,.e Gun 20
the Sabine leaving 10 Spain, Florida and " 'e ID!
Mexico rad " Millions OF Indians out Of popr.
Of six millions Mexico occupied N reTOuflons III
1921 without suv fixed result-the United States con.
tnued their progTess-w men in Mexico had appTe
tensions q The United Stltfs which were JUSTIFIED,
when the United States, after having forcb'y taken
Florida ACQUIRED il by cessi ion in 1873. Inc tnited
States had row uDhroken coast along the Gull % the
Nueces For time Texas seemed barrier but Iexis
in le45 merged herself in the United Sstes and the
wer with Mexico resulted in the subuyaton OF Mexico,
from which she was released BY ceding New Mexico
and California, by which the United states extende1
Themselves from Arkansas 10 the Pacific. Mexico was
left without single important river or port on either
continent
Thus enc idea of ACKNOWLEDGEMENT mas led the United
States 10 the Rio Grande and the Pacific Another na
tional idea the encouragement OF Republlcan insttu'
tions has agiated and eDfeebled Mexico. Inc struggle
there has been between centralsm and iederaye Re
publica1sm Santa Anna in 1872 granted TO Don Jose
de Gsray il ia said, the monopoly now IN qHes1On,
ind five others exclusive navigation Of the RIO
Grsnde Of the River Peunco, the River Zscataa the
right OF connecting Vera Cruz with the City OF Mexico,
and The fifth tie farming Of the Customs al Vera Cruz
Some OF these he has established while the others are
held FOR the purpose Of speculation In l542, he sug
gested the project Of connecting the two oceans al e
huontepec ana By applying h art II! Of nse mo- 70 me
decree Of March, 1872 These resolutions report tnat
this grant 20 Garsy has become the properly OF the CHI
gems ofhe United States. The Committee do not speak
Of war but they look 10 H. he could not now vote ior
the resolutions Onehird Of the Senate and the Pres
dent Of the United States will 20 out in less than thirty
days and their places will be fe1b others. Any opin-
ion given by the Senste ought TO be fixed one VINO
can ten that this action may differ from the views OF the
incoming President and tend 70 embarrass him. unless
Indeed, gentlemen prepared 10 express that they
viii meet his appreciation. II the President ana the
Senate differ the revolutions will amount 10 nothing.
The resolutions all founded on the assumptions that
the American sssisnees Of the Garay grant, have COM
plee perfect and absolute title 20 the night OF giving
communities alton Through the Isthmus Of Tehuantepec,
which the Government Of Mexico cannot dispute.
Second, That Mexico has unwarrsntsbly and unjusty
refused 20 allow them 10 do 90.
Thirdly, That the United States are bound by OBJ
legations Of public law to compel Mexico to concede
that rightto US.
and their dignity to perform that duty by Of quail
lied or absolute hostilities against Mexico
The first involves the validity Of the grant TO Garay.
The grant was made by Santa Anna, Provisional Presi
dent aud Dictator OF Mexico The work was TO be COM
msnced before July 1913 IL s therefore void unless
ii has been renewed or extended Santa Anna in De
cember ls43, 10y decree extended the time all July,
1915 and Salss HE SUCCESSOR still further extended tito
/ November ls4e, and the Committee cay u was COM
menced before that time. The Mexican Congress in
MAY ls5 in Constitutional form, enacted decree de-
clsrng void Now, If the decree OF Congress u valid,
then the grsn Of Saa Is at end and the assgnees Of
il have no title The Committee deny that Congress had
any right 10 report the decree OF saas, that saas was
the Government de fdcO and his acts bound Mexico in
all thngs in which foreigners were concerned snd that
Lis acts have since been recognized by Mexico.
Mr. Seward contended that, by the Federal Consitu.
exclusively in Congress and not IN the President The
| regular administration Of the Government was sls-
pended by insurrection in ls4l and before these
/ grants made and Provisional Govern
dispensing with the Legislature and vesting tho
powers Of the Government in Provisional President
established this elected by the Treaty OF Es-
tanzwes, end the adoption Of the bases OF Tacubaya
Santa Anna took the oath OF Presidency underline bases
OF Tacubsya BY these bases all acts Of the President
were TO be submitted to the first Constitutional Con-
grefs FOR appreciation Ia April 1915, the first Consi
tuOnal Congress held and il revised and Gnnued
this last named decree Of Santa Anna. The Constitution
ond the bases OF Tacubaya were equally recognized by
SAlas whenhe came into power and this Congressional
decree deprived him and all others Of all pretense that
hi DEGREES would be valid unless approved by Cons
tuonal Congress. In May, 1851, Constitutional Con
gress rtHssembled, and repealed the Sas decree by
! which the GarGy Grant had been extended lie men
toned several arguments in favor Of the validity of this
grant and replied TO them. He said he aware that
! al this took place in Mexico while sho was torn
! by civil contention, bordering on anarchy, when
the viii Of the dictator often successfully oyerbore
! constitutional authority Every one in Mexico knew
tie limitations Of the power OF Sala and the Consttu
tiona Government Of the United States Above all the
Senate viii mark every ntendment against usurpaton,
and il favor OF the wounded constitution OF people
who sorcy and torn factions have nevertheless
long ind patiently struggled preseye the inestlmabc
blessing Of regulated civil liberty. He argued to show
that saes was not deldco the Government OF Mexico
/ because he summoned Congress and resisned the SUI
prCme power in order that the Government might pro-
coed thenceisTih in its He examined the vari
acts Of Mexico relied upon by the edyocates OF ts
grant az showing a recognition Of the decree
OF sslas. and held they were untenable as ar.
cuments TO sustain the validity Of this grant
the engineers to survey tbs work were of the
most general character, and IN no way committed
tLbt nation 10 the assumed right under the assign
inent of the grant He met the argument that
Mexico by negotiating treaties &C this subject has
recognized the validity Of the Garry grant by reading
cCpiousy from the correspondence Of Mr.. Letcher on
TIE subject showing that Mexico, the people and the
Government have always been entirely opposed to any
such recognition OF that grant lie thought he had thus
shown things-hst that the Gdray grant had been
lawfully abroraied by Mexico; secondly that Mexico
has not waived that sbrogaton, nor recognized the
validity Of the grant Thus far he had assumed that this
eTsnt assgnabe by Garsy, aud thai It was assigned
10 Manning and Mclntosh and By them 10 the American
claimants. The decree Of Sslas explicitly declared that
II shoud be express condition that in all contracts
with colorts, they should reDOunce the privilege Of
their original domcil long they reside In the Mex.
cen country Whether the refusal of Mexico 70 affirm
the title OF the American claimants Is Unstable or
net IL seemed 10 him that IN view Of the condition Of
the United States and of Mexico ami the character OF
their eciNe populations no candid person can deny
that the exercise OF the franchises claimed would in
all human certainty result In the dismemberment Of
Mexico ana the dissolution of the Mexican Union, and
the extinction Of that Repubc- indeed, IN the pro-
gress Of faction IN that unhappy country the Republic
has not already been extinguished There Is power
this continent excepthe United States that able to
guaranty the maintenance OF government over that I'M
fortunate people. The United States will
that such government shall be guaranteed By any
foreign power, ii there be any power that would ven
tune 10 undertake such guaranty, for that would be in
conflict with the principles which lie az the foundation
Of continental power IN this hemisphere. Mexico
then must fail into the Union Of these States He could
net vote fer the resolution.
Mr. Hargous in his letter states the rule is that Govern
meat would interfere with foreign governments Ia mat
Of contract with lis citizens, bat this is ordinary
case and the Government ought 10 interfere. He
sdered the rights Of citizen which the Government
committed to protect must be just rights distinguish
ed from claims however legal which impaired ~
injustice or immortality. They must be absolute and
distinguished those which
full v6hdily The protection owed by the Government
be measured in the circumstances OF such by
considerations Of public justice and the public welfare
He examined the three propositions contained in the
resolutions Of the committee, and said he could not
vote 10 sustain them. He examined the argument
OF NJ Macon that tie limited States hal q naturAl