The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-07-05

with water, Is Sl4 Of land used for roads, 6,S89.
Tho number Of horses, 697l Of oxen four years old
and upwards, 1883 Of COWS three years old and up
wards IL, 800 steers and heifers one year old and
upwards, 2,663 sheep six months old and upwards,
1874 swine six months old and upwards. 1882 !;
mules and asses one year old and upwards Is.
These figures exhibit the state of things toward the
close Of the year 1850, and they, allowing for In
crease in certain cases. afford a toerably accurate
picture OF the existing condition of affairs. There
has been, no doubt, fair increase in agricultu-
raj industry and articles, but not 30 large as in
manufacturing industry and productions. Exact
correctness, up TO the very hour that We
may be writing, is, humanity speaking, altogether
unattainable.
or leading agricultural articles the productions of
Essex, were follows in lS50:-lndan corn 1913 09l
bushels; oats "a 1885, rye, 2O462; barley, 10 100;
wheat, 1898; hay 81 900 tons; potatoes, (about)
600 bushels fruit, (about) 600 900 bushels; but
ter (about 700 900 pounds; cheese, (abou) 200 900
pounds Beside these, there are raised in the coun-
ty:-Hops garden seeds, mustard, wool. milk, eggs
poultry, beef pork wood, cranberres, beans, honey
beeswaX, all kinds OF esculents garden vegetables
&C., &c. The fruit Of Essex is not to be beaten in
Massachusetts, and there is no exhibition here that
is complete without specimens from it. The genius
of old Governor Endicott probably watches over this
branch Of farming, for the governor was fond Of
fruit, it shot seem; and there il yet standing, and
in tolerabe preservation, pear tree planted by him
y
called DanverspOrt, part OF the very fine and I'M
commonly prosperous town OF Danvers. 1t was
brought over from England in 1852, and resembles
variety OF the ben cretitn. 1t is, perhaps, the old
est fruit tree in the United States unless there should
be some exceptions in the early Spanish settlements
in Florida, in Virginia, which is not very likely to
be the case The Paritans were fond Of good things,
of material kind, like pous pc Jpe in general; and
they planted orchards and gardens in Massachusetts,
with the same promptttude that they created
churches and pilores; and handled the spade
with the same vigor that they welded the
cat nine-taila- that apt emblem Of their idea of
both physical and spiritual government. If ever
you come this way. You must gather few speci-
mems Of the fruit OF the Endicott pear tree for it is
something to be able to say that has eaten fruit
from tree planted and nursed by those hands
which cut the cross from the British flag and showed
such contempt for British supremacy, almost CEN
fury and a half before the battle Of Lexington To
be sure, any one can say s0-but mean with truth.
The number Of cotton factories in Essex, in 1850,
was fifteen, with l35 ,65S spindes and capital of
81 800 424 Six of the factories, about twothirds OF
the capital, and almost onehalf the spindes, were
at Newburyport. Salem had then one factory, with
s49l $50 capital, and 32,76s spindles. Lawrence
had two factories with 1876 800 capital, and rs 0s8
spindles Methuen had two factories. Bedford,
Rockport, Ipswich, and Salisbury had one each.
The number Of woollen factories was twenty-five,
and their value 81 ,229,0 900. Lawrence had three
factories, valued at 900; Andover had seven
at sis2 900. Salisbury two. valued at s1ei 900.
Danvers and Saugus had two each, but while
the capital was $4,000, that Of the former but
$l4 900. Hamilton, Haverhill, Ipswich, and Linn
field had one each their aggregate capital being
dover, appraised at Sl25 900, and one at Groveland
appraised at $4,000. There was a paper mill at
with capital of SIS 900; and beachery
ut Danyers, capital $50 900.
Large quantities Of c0rdage are made in Essex
County in the towns Of Beverley, Essex Gloucester,
Lynn, Marblehead, Newbury, Newburyp0rt and Sa-
en- There were three years since, twenty-four rope
saK Ood in operation, with capital little short Of
business, having five manufactures, one of which
mas q capital of SIS 900.
Beside these businesses there are rolling mills,
copper brass, and iron foundries, machine shops,
&c. or lesser articles made there are hats, caps,
'addles, harness, trunks vehicles of all kinds from
ailroad to childrens carriages. tin ware, COMBS
boots and shoes by tens of thousands of pairs leather
goldfish oil, bricks, mechanics TOOLS pOtter's ware,
,lilding stone, lumber, carriage springs and axle
rees, horse collars and wnkers, carriage bows cast
ng furnaces, pumps Of every kind, chairs, barrels,
abinet ware, axes bar IRON anchors, chain cables,
britannia ware, backing, brooms, glue, shoe pegs,
asts blinds and sashes, earthen ware snuff cigars,
sh casks, timber, tacks and avis, musical instru-
nents, upholstery work, stockings, Chocolate
hinges, confectionery, taors' crayons, suits of oil
10TH chronometers, watches, gold and silver
ware, shoe thread, jewelry, Irvine, straw bonnets
md hats, palnleaf hats, domestic cloth, isinglass
toves, agricultural implements, &C., &c.
OF brewers there are 8, distilleres A. tanneries
SO, erist mills 3D. fing mills IL, and 81 mills.
here are also mills for the grinding Of spice, cocoa,
bocolate and coffee, and for wool picking. There I,
re lead manufactures, establishments for chemical
for the preparation of gums (this last
act put down for the especial benefit of politi-
ians), and for the manufacture of paper hangings.
'eamen's hats are made in some places, and in
theirs books are bound. Everybody is employed in
ONE way, and SO everybody manages to have pref
y comfortable time fit. Some people dig clans
4 L..,o G,L. -
he kind, if may 50 call them, worthy to preside
ver the best clam bake" that ever was got up, in
+ out Of Rhode Island, which is the clam State
others catch Holsters. Yet others gather seadrift
hat were caught by vessels belonging to other
,laces. Some people keep school, work on farms,
make Shoes write for the newspapers and go to sea-
and would 60 amissionary.ing if they were to re.
,eive "a call') all in the same year; Speaking Of
,ounty-in Salem, in Haverhill, in Lynn, in Newbu-
yp0rt and in Gloucester, there are very good jour
ials published, and the Boston papers circulate
argely all over the county; but the favorite
Journal in Essex is the New YORK HERALD.
Essex is the third county in the State in the mat
er ofsbipping In $780, Suffolk had 800, s04 tons,
Bristol 9 sol TONS and Essex 6l9 tons. The pre-
Donderance of Bristol Essex is due solely to the
great whaling business Of New Bedford, which port
increased. The oldest port of Massachusetts proper
Salem) is in this county and used to be place OF
,rt at commercial importance her ships to
Africa and South America, to China and India; but
Ill that is now changed, most Of it, and the
ique town which had namo before American
whaling was dreamed Of, has not much more than a
third of the amount Of tonnage that belongs to New
Bedford, that parvsnue concern, which has "bobbed
Tor whale" to some purpose during the last thirty
years. Newburyport comes next to Salem in ship
ping then Gloucester, then Beverley, then Marble
bead, Newbury, Rockport, and Lynn. Much Of this
shipping is employed in branch Of the fisheries.
Gloucester alone having upwards Of two hundred YES
sells engaged in that business. The fish taken are
Goldfish mackere, hake and scale fish, halibut, had.
dock, pollock, and whales. SO you see that the
threat Of that very excellent but rather crusy nd
ydua, Mr.. John Bull, to treat US as he treated the
Dutch long ago-to carry himself toward our fish
ernen sir he did towards the herring catchers of
joke of the very gravest kind, and one
like TO lie ola pre- emincnty practical character to
al who shall be concerned In it. They used to say
that Amsterdam was founded on herring bones, so
largely the prosperity Of that great mart due to
the skill and enterprise Of its people in one branch
Of fishing and certain it is that this county OF Es
sex has drawn no small part Of her prosperity from
a 4. lxs,xo ipV hot lxviun