Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1853-12-21

Grafton Of The came to the conclusion that Koszta
was seized without legal authority at Smyrna that he
was wrongfully detained board OF the Austrian brig
Of war; thar at the time of bis seizure he was clothed
with the nationality of the United States and that Inc
acts OF our officers under the circumstances of be
were unsuitable, and their conduct has been fully ap
proved by me, and compliance with The several Do
mands OF the Emperor of Austria has been declined
For more full account Of this transaction and nv
views 10 regard to H. refer to the correspondence be-
tween the charge daare OF Austria and the Secretary
OF State, which is herewith transmitted The prineipes
and policy therein maintained on the part of the United
oIass, WILL whenever proper occasion occurs, be APP
The condition Of China at this time, renders II prob
able that some important changes will occur in that vast
empire which Will lead TO more unrestricted inter-
course with it. The commissioner TO that country who
mas been recently appointed instructed 10 avail himself
OF all occasions 10 open and extend our commercial rela
TONS not only with the empire Of China but with other
Asiatc nations.
In 1859, an expedition was sent to Japan under the
command OF Commodore Perry for the purpose of open
ng commercial intercourse with that empire Intelligence
has been received of his arrival there and OF his having
made known TO the Emperor OF Japan the object OF his
visit but is not yet ascerained how far the Emperor
Will be disposed to abandon his restrictive policy, and
open tat popuous country TO commercial intercourse
with the United States
Il has been my earnest desire to maintain friendly in
tercourse with the governments upon this continent and
TO aid them 10 preserving good understanding among
themselves With Mexico, dispute has arisen TO
the true boundary line between our territory of New
Mexico and the Mexican State of Chihuahua. A for
mer commissioner OF the United States employed in
ming that line pursuant to the treaty of Guadalupe Hi
dago, made serious mistake in determining the initial
point on the Rio Grande but, inasmuch his decision
was clearly departure from the directions for tracing
the boundary contained in that treaty. and not
CURED IN by the surveyor appointed the part of the
United States whose concurrence was necessary to give
validity to that decision, this government is not conclud
ed thereby but that OF Mexico takes different view
Of the subject
IT,
ntude pending between the two republics Our minister
in Mexico has ample instructions TO adjust them Me-
gotiaons have been opened but sufficient progress has
not been made therein TO enable me to speak of the
probable result. Impressed with the importance of
maintaining amicable relations with that republic, and
OF yielding with hberay to all her just claims, it is
reasonable to expect that arrangement mutually salts
factory to both countries may be-concuded, and last
ing friendship between them confirmed and pepeuated
Congress having provided for a full mission to the
States of Central America, administer thher
July last As yet he has had time to visit only of
these states, (Ncaagua) where he received in the
most friendly manner i Is his presence and
good othees will have benign effect in composing the
dssensons which prevail among them, and in esabsh-
ing still intimate and friendly relations between
them respectively, and between each of them and the
United States.
Considering the vast regions OF this continent and the
number OF states which would be made accessible by
the free navigation OF the river Amazon particular aen.
ton has been given to this subject Brazil, through
whose territories it passes into the ocean, has hitherto
persisted in policy restrictive regard to the Of
river, 10 ODGtruc and nearly exclude, foreign
commercial intercourse with the states which lie upon lis
tributaries and upper branches. Our minister to that
country is Instructed to obtain relaxation of that policy,
and to his efforts to induce the Brazilian government
TO open to common use, under proper safeguards, this
great natural highway for international trade Several
OF the South American states deeply interested in this
attempt to secure the free navigation OF the Amazon, and
it reasonable to expect their cooperation in the
ure As the advantages OF free commercial intercourse
among natinas are better understood, liberal views
are generally entertained as TO the rights of all
70 tho Tree use OF those which has provided
Tor international communication. To these liberal
and enlightened views, 1t is hoped that Brazil will
form her policy and remove all unnecessary restrictions
upon the Tree use OF river, which raverses so many
states and so large part of the continent am happy
10 inform you that the republic of Paraguay and the Ar
genuine Confederation have yielded TO the liberal policy
still resisted by Brazil, regard the navgable rivers
within their respective territories Treaties embracing
this subject among others have been negotiated with these
governments, which will be submitted to the Senate at
the present session.
new branch of commerce. important to the aaricul-
ural interests of the United States, has, within few
years past, been opened with Peru. Notwithstanding
the inexhaustibe deposits of guano upon the islands OF
that country, considerable difficulties are experienced in
obtaining the requisite supply Measures have been
taken to remove these difficulties, and to secure more
abundant Importation OF the article Unfortunately
there has been serious collision between our cfzens
who have resorted TO the Chincha Islands for it, and
the Peruvian authorities stationed there Redress for the
outrages, committed by the latter promptly demand
ed by minister at Lima, This subject is now under
consideration, and there is TO believe that Peru
is disposed to offer adequate indemnity to the aggrieved
parties.
We are thus not only at peace with all foreign coun-
tries, but in regard to political affairs, exempt from
any cause OF serious dsquieude in our domestic rea-
tions.
The controversies, which have agitated the country
heretofore, passing away with the which pro-
duced them and the passions which they had awakened
il any trace OF them remains, il may be reasonably
hoped that will only be perceived in the Jealous rival
~ OF all good citizens to testify their respect for the
rights OF the States, their devotion to the Union, and
their determination that each of the States
its Institutions its welfare, and its domestic peace shall
be held alike under the sacred egs OF the cons
tuition.
This new league OF anity and of mutual confidence
suprois, into which the people of the republic have
entered, happily affords nducement and opportunity for
the adoption OF more comprehensive and unembarrassed
line OF policy and action TO the great material inter-
esls of the country whether regarded in themselves
in connexion with the powers OF tAe civilized world.
The United States have continued gradually and stead
lily expand through acquisitions OF territory which, how
much soeve some OF them may have been questioned
universally and admitted to have been wise in
policy, just in character, and great element in the ad
vancement OF our country, and with it, OF the human
race, in freedom IN prosperity and in happiness. The
thirteen States have grown 10 be thirly-one with rela
lions reaching TO Edfope the one side, and the
other TO the distant realms of Asia
| am deeply sensible OF the immense responsibility
which the present magnitude OF the republic and the
diversity and multiplicity OF its interests, devolves upon
the alienation OF which, far relates to the i'm
mediate conduct OF the public business is, first, my
lance on the wisdom and patriotism OF the Houses
OF Congress- and, secondly in the directions afforded me
by the principles OF public poty affirmed by fathers
OF the epoch OF 1885, sanctioned by long experience and
consecraed by the overwhelming voice of the peo
pie of the United States
Recurring TO these principles, which constitute the
ganc basis OF union, perceive that, the
functions and the duties of the federal government vested
entrusted TO- It's three great departments the legis
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