Polynesian. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu], Hawaii) 1844-1864, 1853-08-27
CHE polnnesiat1.

country architecture, relating to the water
ram, which is now coming into general use
throughout the United States. We regret
that we are unable to publish the engraving
and description, which accompanies the ar
ticle in the original, and which renders the
modus operondi of the machine more clear
Several of these machines have been intro
duced lately, and we hope they will be found
useful in furnishing supply of water where
it can only be obtained by raising it from a
lower level. e6 ,-z % svOro .ans5
From Aliens Rural Architecture.
THE WATER RAM.
As water, and that of good quality, and
in abundant quantity, is indispensable to the
various demands of the farm, it is worth some
pains to provide it in the most economical
manner, and at the most convenient points
for use. In level grounds, wells are gene
rally dug, and the water drawn up by buckets
or pumps. In hilly country, springs, and
streams from higher grounds, may be brought
in by the aid Of pipes, the water flowing
naturally, under its own head, wherever it
may be wanted, away from its natural stream
But, of all contrivances to elevate water
from lower fountain, or current, to higher
level, by its own action, the Water Ram is
the most complete in its operation, and per-
feet in its construction, of ANYTHING within
our knowledge. a
The various uses of the ram are at once
obvious, viz, for the purposes of irrigating
lands, and supplying dwellings, barnyards.
gardens, factories, villages, engines, railroad
stations, &C., with running water. o. ,sga
The simplicity of the operation Of this ma
chine, together with its effectiveness, and
very apparent durability, renders it decidedly
the most important and valuable apparatus
yet developed in hydraulics, for forcing a
portion of running stream of water to any
elevation, proportionate to the fall obtained
1t is perfectly applicable where no more than
eighteen inches fall can be had; yet, the
greater the fall applied, the more powerful
the operation of the machine, and the higher
the water may be conveyed. The relative
proportions between the water raised, and
wasted. is dependent entirely upon the rela-
tive height of the spring or source of supply
above the ram, and the elevation to which it
is required to be raised. The quantity
raised varying in proportion to the height TO
which it is conveyed, with given fall; also,
the distance which the water has TO be con-
veyed, and consequent length Of pipe, has
some bearing on the quantity of water raised
and discharged by the ram; as, the longer
the pipe through which the water has to be
forced by the machine, the greater the fric-
ton to be overcome, and the more the power
consumed in the operation; yet, it is common
to apply the ram for conveying the water dis
tances of one and two hundred rods, and up
elevations Of one and two hundred teet. Ten
feet fall from the spring, or brook, to the ram,
is abundantly sufficient for forcing up the
water to any elevation under say one hum
dred and fifty feet in height, above the level
oe the point where the ram is located; and
the same ten feet fall will raise the water to
a much higher point than above last named,
although in diminished quantity, in proper
tion as the height is increased. When a
sufficient quantity of water is raised with a
given fall, it is not advisable to increase said
fall, as in so doing the force with which the
ram works is increased, and the amount Of
labor which it has to perform greatly aug
mented, the wear and tear Of the machine
proportionably increased, and the durability
the expense of keeping the ram in repair,
would dictate that no greater fall should be
applied, for propelling the ran, than is suf-
6cient to raise a requisite supply of water to
the place Of use. To enable any person TO
make the calculation as to what fall would be
sufficient to apply to the ram, to raise suffi-
cient supply Of water to his premises, we
would say, that in conveying it any ordinary
distance, of say, fifty or sixty rods, it may
be safely calculated that about one-seventh
part Of the water can be raised and dis
charged at an elevation above the ram FIVE
times as high as the fall which is applied to
the ram, or one-fourteenth part can be raised
and discharged, say ten times as high as the
fall applied; and so in that proportion, as the
fall or rise is varied Thus, if the ram be
placed under head or fall Of FIVE feet, Cf
every seven gallons drawn from the spring.
one may be raised twenty-five feet, or half a
gallon fifty feet. Or withten feet fall applied
to the machine, of every fourteen gallons
drawn from the spring, one gallon may be
raised to the height of one hundred feet above
the machine; and so in like proportion, as
the fall or rise is increased or diminished.
1t is presumed that tie above Illustrations
of what the machine will do under certain
heads and rise, will be sufficient for all prac-
tical purposes, to enable purchasers Of the
article to determine, with a sufficient degree
Of nicely, as to the head or fall to apply to
the ram for given rise and distance, which
they may wish to overcome in raising water
from springs or brooks to their premises, or
other places where water is required. Yet,
we have the pleasure of copying the follow
ing article, which we find in the American
very valuable journal pub
Iished by C.. M. Saxton, l52 Fulton-street,
New York, which may serve to corroborate