The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-01-12
TH1 LECTURE SEASON.


LAeut. mauxy's Lecture on the CfreuAesaon OF
the Ocean.
Ile1t NJ r. MAuRY, Of the National Observatory, Wash
ingtos read paper Las. evening before large audi
ence the Tabernacle prove the theory Of tho inter
oceanic circulation u watcr the globe He did not he
sad propose treat in this lecture Of the rivers
oceans but other subjects connected With the which,
nevertheless like the dews Of heaven beneficial 70
the earth lie meant the circulation Of the If they
TOOK Single drop Of water from the Pacific Ocean and
Analysed IT, and took another from the Atlantic and
ynd IT. they would be found perfectly the same. and
hence the hypothesis that the water which is found in
portion Of the earth to-day may be found in another
tomorrow Every drop of water is obedent 10 great
and general laws the planets of heaven If it
not 80 and there channels circulation by
which the water could pass from ocean to ocean, the
waters OF the oceans in the course Of time would be
found CONF letey different from each other The
OF the Red sea and those OF the Dead Sea nearly the
same in qualts-a thing which can only be accounted
for this hypothesis of circulation An important in
strumen in the dynamcal force of the derived
from the winds the marine plants and the atmosphere
The effect Of the winds in cooperating fresh
the surface Of the at the equator precipi
tating II again at the poles would, that the only
neans of circulation produce difference of levels We
might also have another set Of currents, because
cold water could not balance in the system
~. nth light T ss going from the equator towards
OF counternction the under setting in from the
equator 70 the poles ana the surface water flowing in the
opposite direction Of confederation He had traced the
eject Of agents Of which would be employed in
restoring the water eyaporsted on one side and precp
hrium thus disturbed this train of soning be good
they might infer that system Of inter oceanic communi
cation very feeble and If its
and not salt there could be such thing the gulf
The yapor is taken up from the surface
and therefore becomes heavier and sinks which thus
produces vertical current The fresh water taken by
evaporation again precpated in the north polar BASIN
and portion of its calorc tends to mitigate the severity
of tue climate. The fresh water thus precpitated be
comes mixed with the SALT but it is only the upper por
ton Of the water not disturbed BY the winds that i
Affected by this fresh From the circuatory the
", of hot wa
from the equator 20 the poles, and q cold water
from the poles to the equator is facilitated, and
this affects the climate of these regions. Lieute-
nant De Haven, in command Of the Grinne expedition
while frozen up in toe ice and drifting down with the
current to the South noticed iceberg travelling up
the contrary direction towards the north and the like
phenomenon had been observed before. This then was
tbe current OF Levy salt water which going the
polar regions replace the surface water travelling to
wards the equator Hence Of those notifications in
the climate which may be traced to the operations Of
TIE lt IN the and hence also the probability of
the open the polar region; and it is these beni
&eiai salts TIM Franklin and his companonsf they
aaye-owe their existence. Tho hot water brought up
from the equator, softens the climate is the sas
o the ses which act upon the mobility and circulation
OF the But they found in other consti-
teents thar sa-hme Is brought down vast quaint
ties dilute1 in the rivers from this proceeded the
iuuierisc coral islands and the nfusorial animal
cule which inhabit the depths of the ocean
Tie solid matter used by the mousc and marine plants
sier the specific gravity Of the and dsturbs its
equilibrium from bottom TO surface. Are not these
creatures therefore entitled to be- considered agents in
tbs great system Of ocean circulation Thus God speaks
tat the animals and plants should be distributed accord
IN, 10 system Of order, they tend exercise in
Gucrco over the climate This undercurrent may be
tempered with heat TO mitigate the severity Of
hyperborean latitude. Order regularity are main
timed In the cockwork Of the by system OF
enaon nice and perfect that by which makers Of
astronomical instruments regulate and chronome
ters. Without this compensation Afforded by the
shells and marine plants the would be incapable
q maintaining life the Dead Do they not In
toe animalcue the compensation thus contri,ed by the
great architect.
Notwithstanding the scientific character of tho lecture
Lieutenant Maury treated il in a simple and Ineligible
manner