Richmond daily times. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1853, 1853-06-08
TREATY WITH PARAGUAY.

We learn from tue Alexandria Gazette that
letters have been received from the Hon. John
S. Pendieton, Charge d'Affairs to the Argentine
Confederation, in which he states that he has
concluded and signed treaty of friendship, COM
nerce aud navigation with the government of
the Republic of Paraguay, and that the treaty
has been approved aud ratified by the competent
authorities OF that government; so that it only
awaits tke approbat on of the government of the
United States, and the exchange Of notifications,
to go into effect.
The details of the treaty will, of course, remain
unknown until published by authority; but it is to
be presumed that it is OF the usual form and SUBJ
stance, as the representative of governme ut
would not be authorized to accept any other, and
not at all likely to take any which is not perfect
" satisfactory.
This treaty is one of very great importance to
the commerce ofthe United States, since it opens
to our merchants a country not only the richest
aud most popuIous in South America, except
Brazil, but one which has been heretofore closed
against all foreign intercourse whatever and is
there fore in its whole extent entire and new
addition to the commerce of the world.
More thuna million of people, scattered over a
country larger than New York, Pennsy lvania and
Virginia together, and which produces 10 the
greater part. if not throughout its whole xtent
the richest articles of commerce-tobacco, rice,
cotton. indigo, &c.-must prove, if not imme-
diatey, certainly in very short time, most val
liable addition to the business of the commercial
States, and especially to the United States.
l. is country not adapted to the production of
wheat and mus always rely foreign supply
of breadstuffs. except Indian corn, which it pro-
duces very WE'LL 1t has no manufactured. aud
must supply itselfaso from abroad with most of
the articles Of that class which its new wants
and its vast resources will at the same time
demand and enable it so easily to pay for.
This country one ofthe first of the South
American States which threw off the authority
| of the mother country. 1n geographical posi-
ton, on the head waters Of he Rio lie la Plata
| or rather at the head of mitigation, and fifteen
hundred miles from the Atkntic. has not only
secured its Independence but protected it entire
! y from any attempt at its res.bjugaton.
1t exchanged the authority d old Spain for the
rule of one of the most remarkable men who has
| performed part IN the government of States du-
/ ring the present century
For upwards of thirty years the celebrated DIR.
Francia continued to maintain ms authority by
means of system OF the most rmorseless ty-
ranny and caprcious cruelty of which there is
any example in the history of the world. Ono
of the means by which his power Vas continued
unimpaired to the moment of bis teath, was II
policy of non intercourse aud isoati,u; as CON-
plete and nfexible as that of the island of japan
| 1 ite laWS vi INC CouulIy (WHICH WIRE uOtulHS
but the edicts of Francia. who unitd all power
in his own person J, forbade the entry oany human
being into the territory of Paraguay, On any pre-,
text whatever. Of the few who by my chance
| did enter, uone were permitted to return, q very
few did escape and from their imr erfet reports
only has the world for half century had any
consciousness of the existence OF his epublic,
| so called.
The talents of Francia, proGtng by tle per-
| - =, L.
ing provinces, enabled him to proract so lon, this
Singular anomaly. Being himself the strongest
power, aud standing perfectly aloof from all con-
nections whatever, he was allowed his own way
for the third of century, and died in the tul
possession and exercise OF his power.
After his death the present President Lopez,
was appointed Although Lopez is not a tyrant
he has still but very gradually relaxed the system
! of Francia in respect to foreign intercourse. He
has steadily refused to make treaties, though re-
| peatedy solicited thereto. not only by the South
American States, but by the European powers.
! Within the last six months he was persuaded
! to make a treaty with the Argentine Confedera
ton and now has signed and caused to be ratified
one with England, the United States, France, ant
Sur iinia.
A these powers, acting at one and the same
| time, and in concert, have at least succeeded in
obtaining the conditions Of intercourse and
trade.
Our readers already know that Mr. Pendleton
effsctiag treaty with the Oriental Republic
of Uruguay. This new treaty with another o
the South American nations, concluded by Mr..
Pendleton, Justly entities that gentleman to great
credit for his exertion and abilities. All accounts
speak in the highest term. of his devotion to the
interests of his country, and of the signal success
which has attended his efforts to accomplish the
objects of his mission. He is still engaged az
sduously in further diplomatic matters, which
we doubt not will also be successfully terminated
ARRIVAL OF THE DANIEL WEBSTER
TWO WEEKS LATER FROM CALIFOR-
MIA.
New ORLEANS, June 6.
The steamer Daniel Webster has arrived with
San Francisco dates to the 10th of May, fourteen
days later THAI previous advices.
The Daniel Webster connected with the
steamer Sierra Nevada and landed her passen-
sepgers here in twenty-one and half days from
San Francisco
The Prometheus sailed from San Juan for
New York on the 3lst, with AGO passengers
The Webster left at San Juan the u. S. sloop
of war Albany.
The only San Francisco papers received are of
the 10th of May. My despatch must therefore
necessarily be very mengre. The San Francisco
papers from the LIST TO the 18th are, however,
hourly expected by the steamer Pr iIadelphia.
The general news from California is without
much importance beyond previous accounts.
The mining operations continue successful. =
General good health prevailed; the weather was
favourable The Sonora Herald records many
lucky discoveries. Large Jumps, valued at from
$500 to $500 hadbeen taken from the new dig
gings.
1sness was dull and the prices of produce
on the decline, with large and increasing stocks.