Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-10-29
EDUCATION IN RUSSIA.
rnon rur Nrm YopK EyrSIsa rosr.

Il
which the schoolmaster has not yet penetrated but
the following statistical Details drawn from reliable
sources, may perhaps give our readers different
impression or at least enable them to form some
idea of the actual state of public instruction in the
empire of the Gar
There appertainng the department Of the Min
ster of Public instruction universities normal school,
yceums, II gymnasa, 433 district schools, 068
schools, and 500 private schools in all $50 establish
ments for education under the of 5594 teachers
and containing 1927 students. This is in Russia pro-
per- Russian Poland has besides 500 schools of va
rous kinds requented by s45s4 Students 1873 of which
private institutions and in the Caucasus less
than As schools Of which private with 237 teachers
and 3 302 students
There q theological semnaries belonging to the
Greek Church. with ~ teachers and 26l Students IA
of the Armenian doctrine with AS teachers and 725
teachers and 668 students the Lutheran estab
lishment; and IL Mohammedan schools of which are
of the She order and of the Sannte persuasion, in
structing in all $50 students
There ~ military colleges all Of which under
the direction of the heir apparent the Grand Duke Caesar
Alexander They superintendent by 865 professors
and frequented by s, 900 students.
In addition there 10 naval schools with $500 stu
dents, under the charge of 337 teachers.
The Minister of the Finances has IS schools belonging
to his department He employs 4Gl teachers, and in
strlicts y, H9 students.
The foundations of the Empress Mary are 40 in num-
ber30 schools for girls with $50 tutoressos 377
pupils and 10 for boys, with so masters and 1,3es
1 pupils
There are two schools Of civil engineering with SIS pro-
essors and 4l6 Students three law schools with %
fessor and 59 students and three schools appertanng
to the Post Office Department. with 90 professors and 81
students and six institutions under the direction of the
Secretary Of State with 96 professors and 993 students
These Ill probably intended to fit young for
official life We must not forget institution devoted
to the teaching Of the Oriental languages with 30 profess
1 sors and 207 Students
|
and ,59l students and 69G village schools in the do
main of the Crown employing 1888 teachers and giving
instruction to Il, O64 males and 9, SAB females
Thus it appears that in Russia 25 597 young persons
are receiving instruction of kind from Ia, ST.
teachers-at the of teacher to III pupils-a
very favorable proportion to the student The popula
ton of Russia proper set down about 000
that only individual in go receives the benefits Of
instruction Nevertheless $50 900 well educated young
persons dispersed each year in the different quarters Of
that huge empire cannot fail to gradually leave their
! mark upon the national character in good time
We know about the quantity than the quality Of
these schools, Russian pubcists have seldom any
thing to say the subject but is generally admitted
that the military institutions of the highest order
The agricultural school of the imperial domain is said
TO be admirably managed, and is under the immediate
supervision of Nicholas. Two hundred and fifty pea
SAINTS thoroughly instructed in theoretical and prac
teal cultivation, and then sent to model farms in
various parts of the country reforming example
to the neighborhood The tuition lasts four years.
is divided into three periods In the first year the boys
in the second, grammar, mathematics and the elements
of Agriculture and during the third and fourth agicul-
ture practically well theoretically and mechanics.
Besides these branches they instructed in trades
which may be useful to the farmer, such tailoring,
shoemakng cabinetmaking, cooperage blacksmths and
carpenters work. and in the construction Of agricultural
machines. A foundry, brickyard, pottery tan
yard, candle and soap factory, and windmill at
tached to the school 1t is not required that each
dent shall pursue all these branches The teachers are
to judge of the aptitude of each pupil and to direct him
men is expected to possess thorough acquaintance with
the general principles and practice of agriculture and
competent knowledge of the collateral branches
AT the last exposition Of the agricultural products
Russia st. Petersburgh the various objects sent in
by this school excited great attention The feathers in
lected for exhibition in the Worlds Fair of London in
1851
Public instruction commenced in Russia as far
back IN the early part OF the seventeenth century
it not until the time of Peter the Great that be-
gan to take the shape and direction it has since
ed In 1924 he founded the Academy of Sciences ST.
Petersburgh he had already established the first naval
school. In 1855 the Empress Elizabeth founded the
University of Moscow, the oldest in Russia and in 1857
the Academy Of Arts Cathariue H. founded the Col
egc Of Moscow in lT63, the College of ST. Petersburgh
in l712 and in 1888 the Russian Academy, which now
forms the second division Of the Academy Sciences
Paul established in 1890 the Academy Of Surgery and
Medicine In 1902 Alexander created the Office of Min
lister of Public Instruction. animated by desire raise
the moral level of his people In 1904 he founded an
engineers school and two unversities-that of Kasaw
and Charkowand continued until the end of his reign
to give great attention to the subject of education
Among other foundations which the Russians to him
are the school for the deaf and dumb the orphan asylum
Of Gatschina, and the College of Mdwives.
/ Under the Car Nicholas public education in Russia
has taken start and direction, and primary
schools under Government supervision have been esab
lished throughout the empire.
4 As pertinent to the above, we add the subjoined
communication from American officer of rank,
which has been lying on our table some weeks.
Nat L,tel.1
/ Messrs. GALES & SEAToS The eminently benefcent
system of Russia governing the extension of her domn-
ions is not properly understood and appreciated in the
United States.
The abolition Of death as punishment except in rare
cases. and the substitution Of exile to Siberia the
result alike Of sound policy and of the dictates Of hui
manty. BY it the ends of justice have been
tany obtained and the rugged and cold Siberia has been
made the happy homes Of thousands OF happy subjects
Every traveller in Siberia viii testify the existence Of
smiling villages and comfortable homesteads that
hbited all Sides from Behring's Straits St. Peters
burgh.
The extension Of the dominions Of Russia, judging
efts to christianity civilization, and has
been and will be the extension Of the limits Of the United
States.
The missions Of the United States and Russia ore
clearly indicated and combination Of Powers arc
likely to avert their fulflment.
May the flight Of the Russian and American eagles
be continued until christianity, civilization and
tisn, encirce the Garth