The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1853-12-17
MASSACHUSETTS,.


commission have tax and which regard the true
position for true Americans.
MASSACHUSETTS.
foi his Unicn
The Navigation Of the Amazon and its Upper
Tributaries.
The river Amazon rises the southern Andes OF Peru,
10 about deg. soubs aud il it's lengih estimated from
its known paris only TO the Atlantc II rolls lis waters
through spate equal 900 miles, aud Il said that
vessel OF 400 or SOC tons nigh. actually navigate il
throughout this immense extent 1t ecelfes ON every
side along It's majestic course streams which are them
selves longer and deeper than OF the great Of
Europe The Benz. The Ucsyl, the Madeira and the Rio
Negro are all q this description besides which. late
thousands Of Others into It's bosom ihe Ucsyl ions il
at about deg IS min. south latitude. 1t now divides
into three branches. The largest OF which is fifty five
alhoms IN depth, and turns directly the II
ceives many large tributary stlsams in The republic OF
Peru, one OF which. the Huallaga, rising the southern
Andes east 0. Huamanga is Al lis conlux with The
From The confidence OF the Ueay and that part OF the
Amazon commonly called in Petulh Maranon decided
y receives tie name Of Amazon, and flows with gentle
current ana with an increasing expanse OF waters, into
The Atlantic ocean. ls course hes mostly through the
Brazilian territories II receives from the Corlllera OF
Quito the Caqu'ta and hpapurcs, which. running into
each other, become noble river under the name OF Js-
pura The Napo, which The river which On.
lana first embarked also rises in Quito does The Put
omsyo, which flows into the Amazon between the Napo
and me japufa East OF these veTs be sides immense
ndmbsr OF smaller streams, the Amazon receives the
great Rio Negro, by which II communicates with the
ornoco. Between the junction Of the Negro and the
Atlantic ocean nnumeable streams rising In the deserts
OF Anazona, pour in theft ,tlbu.afy waters from the
north on lls south side this amazing tvef .ecsites,
rav IN ,U,n 'he wesi ae rs unco" WIN ne
Carori, Furus, and the great Madeira, which has lis
Potosi, far soulh of the Apariac, aud falls
into the Amazon by mouths; and the Topajos,
Chingu. Dos Bosas the Tocanlines and The Mugu ssu.
ing from the mining districts Of Brazil pay their tribute
70 the Amazon until It PUSHES into The vast bosom OF Inc
Atlantis.
In breadth and depth the Amazon answers almost
everywhere 10 It's immense length and it forms through
out its course nnumeFable islands, especially between
the mouths OF the Napo and the Caof, which are pctu~
rescue IN the extreme from The great variety Of their
hguIes, and from the beautiful straits they form between
their banks AZ Coar, where The groups of isles ,ermi
nate Tor sbor space, the rive. is nearly ile and hall
broad and M de la Condamne after taking every Pre-
caution aGans, the effect OF the current found no
with 100 iathoms OF line. 400 miles below the mouth Of
the Negro, the shores OF the Amazon approach each
other and this place is called the Strait OF Pauxis the
breadth here Is only me and the tides percepube,
though the ocean s still Uog miles distant Proceeding
onward with majestic couse, and forming nud!eIous
islands and straits the river directs course alter
cevng the Chingu, towards the norlbeas and enarsns
its boundaries in the mos! astonishing manner it
with uated force TO s final destination, forming
il gdes along, several very large insulated places;
one OF these dividing it last INTO Two moilns, by
which il enters The Atlantic ocean,
This island, called Joanes. $50 miles in length and
IRON lis Cape MaguaFi TO Cape Nore, the opposite
continent the largest OF these estua,es is 1875 miles
WHIST Inc lesser Is W6S broad, from the
same cape Maguari, to TI4oca point, The southern
continent
is banks are adorned With every Variety Of rlauc pc
culia topical countries immense and stately forests
are every where observed Inhabited only by lie wild
mails, or by man IN state oil nature
Inc nyer Pdomayo, rising ~ The district OF lbarrs,
falls INTO the Amazon, east OF the Napo, after course
OF 900 miles The Jspura, rising Popay an under The
name OF Caquela, runs INTO The Amazon by several
mouths. One branch OF This river formerly thought
TO be the great RIO Negro, the junction OF which with
the Onnoco is exactly laid down in map OF Father
FeIeira. of the city OF Gran Para tina, differs in very
lew respects from The discoveries Of Nj de Humboldt
the Cassiquiefe. The Portuguese penetrated from the
Amazon TO !he Ofnoco by means OF canoes. as early
1874; and NJ de la Condamne also gives very reason
able description OF the famous junction.
The RIO Negro rises short space north OF the Ca
quota Japura and after amazing course, sends OF
branch TO the Onnoco directly NORTH asd another
sonheas'eIly 10 The Amazon The northern branch is
nov known ny the name ct the Cassqueie These afford
an Inland COMMUNICATION between two OF the most eel
ebfaled rivers IN The world
| The most remarkable natural curiosity ia May
mas, which is provipce OF Ecuador. is the Pongo,
through which The Maranon passes The Andes. The
riser above the PoDgo desccnds mountain channel,
forming rapids, cataacs, &c, approaching the eastern
side OF the Andes, where suddenly its bounds
from 600 TO 600 feet and rushes through opening
canon OF Tremendous height Tor the distance OF eight
miles.
lhe vctc,s here CT such force thai a missionary
wsS tossed about in for two days, and would have
persisted with bis rail- II the river had suddenly swo-
len and carried him out OF II. Balras are always used
in this strait the spring they have ressts the shock
which they experience when dashed against the rocks
in such q boat would be broken in pieces
La Condamine was carried through his bara al the
rate OF nine miles an hour; and, emerging from the
gorges OF The mountain, he found himself world,
separated from ell hunen intercourse, fresh water
eca surrounded BY maze OF rivers and lakes which
struck IN every direction into the gloom OF immense
forest, impeneabe but for them. New plants and ami
mails met his view the soil, covered by dense vegetation
was not visible and nothing to be but verdurs
and walter
i The climate OF Maynas. through which in its remote
upper The Amazon ruas, (th,re called Msrinon,
which was the indigenous name oil the whole river,
Is OF the finest description The wnter-if II may be
called, which, however does not al all resemble The
verify OF ours, unless the moanisos--here begins
IN April and lasts till September. The summer then
commences and the constant blowing Of the north winds
renders 1t very mild The chief occupation OF the set
tiers is the growing OF tobacco The sugarc htves
very well, as DO cotton aud grain. Amongst the i'm
mense number OF fine forest trees is The sorux endowed
with gum OF exquisite iragfancy Great quantities of
copal brought IRON the neghbofng dtrc OF Macas
as well as Wild wax Jaen, Jaende Bracsmoros, II
~ frequently called, lies IN nearly the longitude
Cato, and IN about deg rs mn south latitude Ii was
founded in 1919, by Diego PslonIno,on The river Chon
chipe, at its junction with the Mafanon. Its number of
inhabitants is about 5000 Quo is city OF so, 900 in
abitants and The ,spsI OF principal district OF Lcua
dor.
chunga, IN deg 30 min south latitude, four days jour
ney from Jaen. The river is not navsabe to its
sources than tbs--i e. not connuousyon account OF
the rapids
The county the upper tributaries OF the ANA
zon and on the Upper Amazon ITSELF possesses imme
y diversified and valuable products. But these
produced in large quantities, for domestic consump
Brazil declaring exploration through the only
csannelthe Amo That channel ii free, abe OF