Cooper's Clarksburg register. [volume] (Clarksburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1851-1861, 1853-03-16
Australia.

>>S~NS 49, : $1,000 ------N'
Australia.
( pamphlet has just been published in
New York, containingi in brief form, a
variety of information respecting this new
gold region. The Courier furnishes the
following editorial notes ofits contents:
There are four distinct settlements in
Australia, or New Holland. each claim
ing more or less attention from the Anne
ricans and English, viz Il. New South
Wales, on the eastern side $50 called
from Slight resemblance to South Wales
in Great Britain.) This colony was
founded in 1897, as penal settlement.
II. Western Australia, or Swan River.
founded in the years 1829-30. Ill.
South Australia, or Port Adelaide, foun-
ded in 1856. ". Port Philip, or
Victoria, lying to the Southeastern point
of the Island, founded in 1886.
The gold regions lie in the first and
fourth settlements above named--New
South Wales and Port Philip. The area
of the whole island is estimated at g.
69O, $40 square miles, and the coast line
at nearly 5000 nautical miles-equiya-
lent to more than three -fourths the extent
of Europe.
The climate of the whole territory is
remarkably salubrious. Numerous facts
indicate the excessive dryness of the CEN
trail portions of the islands, where the
fleece OF the sheep taken by the explorers
ceased to grow.
In New South Wales, January is the
middle of summer, and July is in the
midst of winter. The summer extends
from December till March, when the
thermometer ranges from SO to re
deg. The winter is of bracing GOODNESS,
with occasional frosts at Sydney and
snow in the interior. AS instances of the
remarkable healthfulness of that region,
it is stated that not more than FIVE or six
sick persons will be generally found in a
community of twelve hundred, and at
some military stations seven years have
elapsed without the loss of a man.
Rain at all times falls in heavy and
continuous torrents. At one period OF
twenty four hours in port Jackson, the
fall was twenty FIVE inches, and ten or IF
teen feet above the ordinary level of a RI
yer is not an unusual height during the
rainy season.
| In New South Wales, the whole line of
coast presents in general an aspect oi
bold and perpendicular cliffs of sandstone
lying in horizontal strata. In addition to
the vast treasures Of gold existing IN
| both settlements of New South Wales and
Port Philip, copper and iron have beer
| found, with extensive mines of coal. The
seams of coal are distinctly visible III the
abrupt face of the cliffs near the harbor o.
! New Castle, and can be distinctly traced
for distance of nine miles. According
to Mr.. Pattison, who has published some
notice of the country, a mine has beer
opened where steel is dug from the eartt
with little boring and of endless extent
The first discovery of gold in the new
regions of Australia has been attributed tC
a Shepherd boy. who aftel selling his golt
at the city returned to seek for more, bu
was followed by others, and is supposed
to have been murdered. DIR. Clutterbucl
saw as early as 1849, native gold watcf
in the workshop of matchmaker at Mel
bourne. Sir Roderick J. MurchiSon haC
given his opinion that gold existed exten
3! Sively in Australia; but it was not full,
developed or made known until February
1851, when it was found in abundance il
Brisbane county, lying about one hun
dred miles Northwest Of Sydney, the chic
! town of New South Wales. At this pc
Rod. three blocks of quartz were disco
vered, weighing about e24 lbs, the pro
duct of which in pure gold was 1O6 lbs,
and was sold in Bathurst for E4240 ster
ling. In September following, gold wa
extensively found in the colony ofVictori
or Port Philip. In this distric: was foun'
the largest lump yet discovered, and cal
led the king of Nuggets" from Fores
Greek, Mount Alexander, and weigher
81 lbs. 6 OF. 15dwt. This was massiv
lump of pure gold of fine color. AM
measured II inches in length, and fiv
in breadth.
The state ofsociety in Australia is re
presented as most deplorable. A CORES
pondent of Scotch paper, writing Il
September, last, says:
Things will not last forever this way
There will be an outbreak here befor
many years Nothing but separation
from England is talked of. Thousand
of Yankees and Californians are swar