The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-02-04


dawning. should actually be eected and all the inn
prudent steps that have been taken be revoked then
we shall with the utmost satisfaction Peru take
the stand and occupy the position which ought to be
liberty and the happiness Of South America.
Merico-Her rrospects for the Year 1853.
THE FInsT DAY OF THE YEAR-THE REMEDIES FOR
OUR SITUATION.
Translated from el Universal Of 1st Jan, 1858.
81 We have spoken in preceding article Of the af-
fiction Of the present state of the country We have
remarked in It facts Of which nobody is ignorant,
and we have seen, with sentiment Of profound re-
greet that at the close of the year still another of
hopes had vanished and yet the country of birth
fertile valies and pasture grounds could produce oil
the fruits necessary for life and useful in their app
cations to industry. The gold and the silver, so
coveted throughout the universe, are found in vast
deposits in the heart Of mountains On the coasts
Of the great ocean, and on those Of the gulf, our
ports open out; in the southern extremity OF our
territory Is found marked out the point Of commun
cation between Asia and Europe, and the immense
u.s. What then do we need WHAT'S It which, with
such material element of prosperity, has led us to
ruin7 Is chance the nature of our population But
the Mexican people are d0cile-sprung from gene
rous race it has in its germ the principles OF great
actions; and, Notwithstanding this, far from pro
crossing we retrogade, and our moral and material
resources are lost, and remain without application,
just the fertility of uncultvated fields; and as
N LueIu, the WeeO vi uSCOIu HAS BTOUh w utAVhS
U.S. and the noxous plant the place Of the USE
full corn.
The explanation Of the phenomenon which we are
considering, we attribute undoubtedly to our revolu
TONS to that state of constant vacaton which pre-
vents developing the speculative and enteprising
spirit fer the merchant cannot know if high roads
shall continue free for any definite period OF the years
the farmer cannot reckon on realizing his products
in this or in that market let u.s. in fine pass through
the State and we have all the Inconvenience of I'M
formed nations. Constitutions, nevertheless, have
been multiplied among us /; but being governed by
spirit more or less democratic, contrary to the GUS
TOMS to the traditions, and to the incnations OF the
inhabitants of that country which was formerly call
ed New Spain, they could not be OF long life, they
did not satisfy the wants Of the country and as they
all have been purely theoretical, rs they have not
whom they were adopted, as they have not sprung
from their votes from their passions, from their de-
srs and from their necessities, they have not been
durable. and on establishing them in practice, we
have found ourselves only among obstacles and dill
culties, not with advantages nor with progress.
Our Independence having been consummated ut
the end Of the year 1921 one year afterwards in De-
cember, 1922, Gen. Santa Anna proclaimed the re-
public in Vera Cruz On the I'd OF February, in the
Following year, the generals who had supported the
movement assisted to sufocate it, and in the course
of that year the hero Of Iguea had already left the
country, and organized the party which brought
about the constitution of 1924. The transition,
therefore, could not be more rapid or repentant
The men charged at that time with directing public
AFFAIR." without experience and without capacity met
at their elbow nation separated like ourselves from
the mother country and ourselves, new in the list
Of societies Dazzled by their vgor and their pros
perty, they sought to assimiate themselves to her.
and our republican constitution was seryle copy OF
that of the English colonies OF America. They
took not into consideration our good or our
evil customs-they did not consider our nature
they did not reckon upon what we were, but upon
that which their folly made them believe we ought
to be; and building all their provision upon false
supposion which has been perpetuated from year to
year they have produced for the worst Of evils;
they have bequeathed to us the spirit Of revolt which
besieges all societies. whilst these do not take their
definite road and position.
Indeed, If we open history to examine the origin
and the successive development of the United States
of America we will meet q handful OF poor and
severe Protestants exiled from their country for
their religious opinions, and who came to establish
themselves in the immense and fertile s0litudes OF
the new world to seek their own breadb the copious
sweat of their brow; the population which they
formed was then agricultural and commercial, was
enterprisng and active; was laborous and perseyer-
ingbecausc its founders could not live without these
qualities Separated, and delivered over to their own
individual eXcrtiOnS, it was necessary that they
should assist each other energetically; and among
their sons spirit of fraternity was developed, which
multiplied without confounding individual strength.
Separated from the bosom of the Catholic church by
their Protestant doctrines they grew up inbned with
the contempt of her authority, and proicssed the
dogma Of the superiority Of private reasoning; hence
their sentiment of exalted and naughty independence.
Separated lastly by many leagues from their metro
polls, they were accustomed to depend upon them
selves without the necessity of any extraneous aid
Then day arrived on which they considered their
emancipation necessary, and without any change or
transition the sentiment Of their righteousness made
them great their position made them independent and
their customs and religion made them republican.
With them, as French writer says, the name came
after the substance and the republic was constituted
before it was proclaimed.
no lin Of NaVpG nQin uyk
independent OF the crown reckoned upon elements
absolutely distinct, and organized in manner
from totally different point; population could
not be agricultural nor active when it dwelt
on a soil SO fruitful, where with little labor a
great harvest is obtaincd it could not be perse-
yering and active population when its rich metallic
plantations have always excited the cupdity Of its
people with the attering hope of rising in Indulgence
or in moderate circumstances, to 60 to sleep in 0pu
lence; there could not exist spirit OF mutual fra
ternity in a population in which the races were
separate, and where the Spaniard and the Creole
were not the same, nor were considered in the same
light as the native of the soil the respect to autho
rty, the belief in the Of the religious and
civil power produced the effect that it was not neces-
cary for this society which formed body, to unite
and multiply its strength on the suppOsiton that
already it had reached as far as was possible in its
then condition. The colonists being accustomed to
receive all their vitality from the breast of the
tropolis, when that necessary element failed them
confusion commenced, and in declaring ourselves re-
puuucdu Duulcs Cduc uclOIc i0Cts, duu tuc ItpuDiC
does not exist among us thirty years after its having
been proclaimed.
Principles so opposite have given results alb.
solutely contrary. While in the American con
federation all the elements of prosperity are
freely developed in the breast of each one
of the members of the Union, among us they
mutually obstruct and impede their progress;
whilst there the general government is strong by
the common cooperation, among us it is weak by
the resistance of each. While there the States as
sst each other here the opposition of interests pro-
duces war among them whilst there the mere
local spirit is sacrificed to the general harmony here
the spirit Of provncialism chokes that OF the common
veal. Through this, whilst there they advance, here
retrograde: whilst there they happy, here we
are unfortunate and, whilst there they strong
and invade, here we are weak and yield. Republi-
cans and fedfraists in theory, we are neither one
nor the other in practice, and having reached the
time, we have followed the inyarable law Of human
ity. A young and inexperienced people, the Mex
lean nation has lamented its expensive errors
as oil young and inexperienced people. Which Of
M, indeed, in the impotence of age has not wished
tn cuff bc f1t of fha troan If u.hil