Monongalia mirror. [volume] (Morgantown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1855, 1853-12-10

lbe new league OF amity ana mntuaI
confidence aud suppor;, into which the
people Of the republic have entered,
happily affords in,ucemeut and oPpor.
tnnity for the adoption al n more com
prehensive and unembarrassed line OF
policy and scIion, as 10 the great mate
rial interests of The country, whctherrc'
gartled in themselves ar IN connexion
with tho powers Of the civilized world
The United States have continued
gradually and steadily to expand, thro'
acquisitions of territory, which, h""
much soever some Of them may have
been questioned. are nav universally
seen and admitted to have been wise in
policy, just in character, and great ell
ement in the advancement of our c0un.
try, ani with 1.-THE human race, III free.
dom, in prosperity, aud in happiness
The thirteen states have grown to be
thir;y.one, with relations reaching To En-
rope on the ono side. and on the other
to the distant realms of Asia.
avn deeply sensible of the immense
responsibility which the present magnl-
tude of the republic and The diversity
and multiplicity of its interests, devolvcs
upon nc: tho alienation of which, so
far as relates to the immediate conduct
oflhe public business is, first, in my re.
lance on the wisdom and patriotism Of
the two Houses Of Congress and Sec
ondly, in the directions afforded mo by
the principles of public polity, affirmed
by our fa,hers of the epoch Of 1905
sanctioned BY long experience, md con-
secratcd anew by tho overwhelming
voice of the people of the U. States.
Recurring to these principles. which
constitutethc organic basis Of union, we
perceive that, vast as are tho functions
aud the duties oi'the federal government
vested in, or entrusted to its three great
departments the Legislative, executive
and judicial, yet the substantive power.
the popular force. and the large capaci-
ties tor social md material dcveIope-
1nrnt, exist in their respective States,
which, all being of themselves well con-
s;ituted republics, as they preceded, 81
they alone arc capable of maintaining
and perpetnating, the American Union
The federal government has its appro-
pirate line of action in the specific and
limited powers conferred On it BY the
constitution, chiefly as 10 those things in
which the States have common inter
est in their relations TO one anOther,and
To foreign governments while the great
mass of interests which holong to cult
waited mon, the ordinary business Of lito,
The springs of industry, all The diversi.
fled personal aud domestic affairs of So
ciety, rest securely upon the general re-
served powers Of the people of the sew
oral States.
There is tho effective democracy of
the nation. aud there the vital essence
Of its being aud its greatness.
Of the practical consequences which
flow from nature of the federal govern
uent tho primary one is tho duty Of I'D,
1ninis,eling with integrity and fidelity
the high trust reposcd in it by the con.
stitu,ion, especially in the application Of
tho public funds, as dawn by taxation
from the people, and appropriated to
specific objects by Congress. Happily
l have no occasion TO suggest any rndi-
cal changes in the financial policy of the
Government Oars is almost, if rot alb
soluleIy, the solitary power of Chris
tendon having surplus revenue drawn
Immediately from imposrs on commerce,
aud therefore measured by the spon'a-
nenus enterprise and national pr"speri-
~ of the country, with such indirect re-
laiion TO agriculture, manufactures, and
the products OF the earth and sea, as +"
violate no constitutional doctrine, aud
yet vigorously promote the general vel
fare. Neither as 10 the sources of the
public treasure, nor rs to the manner of
keeping and managingit, does any grave
controversy now prevail, there being a
general acquiescencc in the wisdom of
the present system.
Tho report of the Secretary of the
Treasury will exhibit in detail, the state
of the public finances, and the condi-
ton Of the 9arinns branches Of the pub
lie service administered by that dUpart-
ment Of the Government.
| The revenue OF the country. levied
almost inscusibly to the taxpayer, goes
On from year to year increasing beyond
either the interests or the prospective
Wants Of the government.
AT the close of the fiscal year, ending
June 3Olh, there remained in the Treas
ury a balance of fourteen million six
hundred and thirty-two Thousand one
hundred and ,hirty.six dollars. The
public revenue for the fiscal year ending
June 30, 1858, amounted to ffly.eight
million nine hundred and thirty-one
thousand eight hundred and sixty.fye
dollars from customs. and TO two mill
ion four hundred aud FIVE thousand sew
en- hundred aud eight dollars from pub
lie lands aud other miscellaneous sour
ces, amounting together to six'y-one
million three hundred and thirty seven
thousand five hundred and seventy-four
dollars; while the public expenditures
for the same period, exclusive of pay.
uar,s M accnunt nj Tho public debt.