The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1853-04-26

entertain opinions the subject OF the unity OF the
human races which differ from those Of many scientific
men, and especially OF the heologans. But a OF
aware that he has published the grounds aud eyi
deRees OF his peculiar doctrine at any length fact which
gives greater interest TO report, imperfect OF course mar
we hnd IN the Mobile papers, OF lecture recently deny
cred by him In that city Our readers, who are nol mall
fefenl TO these scientific Investigations, WIN perhaps IKE
10 see an outline OF the Professors Argument
That all living being did not originate from one com
mon centre he says, shown from Inc ds
tbuon OF animals, as wei as u soupnss'
and the is in respect 10 man Inc UNITY exist
ing among men consists in the identity OF Their mental and
moral character which shows relation OF brotherhood,
and that man the highest development OF nature, supe
nor 10 an else In the plan OF creation, but nothing
This is unity superior TO that OF mere geneaiogy, and
does not conflict with an original diversity oil races,
which is exhibited IN man as wen US IN tue ehe animal
creation.
"Among the most important proofs of hs-iacts. too.
which have been i'll appreciaed-and which, if rightly
understood and traced up, should have led those basinx
their Arguments for an original any upon il 10 directly
conclusions are those arising from hibridy.
Animals propagate only among those OF the same
kind Different species will propagate mixed or
half breeds, intermediate between the parents We have
a familiar example in the horse and the ass mules
exactly intermediate between them Now, the horse and
ASS, though OF the same family, distinct types Prop
agaton between different breeds of horses produces no
great diversity and 50 Of asses Though there are very
same family never half breeds. 1t may resemble
either parent, but will never be much unlike either II
we examine among the different OF men we shall
find the same facts
"The progeny very cognae tribes-as, for instance.
the different white rbesmay resemble either parent, and
are never very unlike either Ga the contrary, the off,
spring OF remotely resembling each other, In the
same condition those OF different species among ami
mails. Thus, the offspring of white and black is
white or black but always mulato. BY the laws OF
reproduction. is shown that there great diversity
between these types as between animals OF distinct spe
cies."
Language has been relied upon by those holding the
original unity OF the human races. Different languages
have been thought TO depend much upon each other
TO be IN so many respects similar, that they must have
from ma Iha fucte hat ha-
tween the Latin and French, and between the Latin and
Italian especially, there the closest resemblance tina,
the Romantic is similar 10 the Germanic that Greek and
Sanscritor those dialects known as the lndoGerman-
ic-have, 1t is claimed. the same vocabulary that
their roofs be traced TO the same form-have been
considered evidences oil a transmission OF language
from tribe TO another, and that all speaking them
related by common descent and had received them
by direct tradition from earlier common sources
But the Professor blunty denies the inference, say
ing:
The inference is entirely unfounded; these resem-
blances do not show the orignstl less that they
have been derived from tradition Even from researches
In the animal Kingdom, this position is shown TO be
false, Language is TO man as voice 10 animals. 10
each kind there distinct class of sounds character
isc of the species As for instance, BIRDS wild and
tame, have of sounds peculiar 10 themselves and
unlike all other animals-again the hooking bird has
Its CHARACTERISTIC voice, as all hrushes have similar
voice which distinguishes them: But the voice OF a
dog is unlike that OF a tger-the dog kind all bark
while the cat kind all have mewing cry.
Some kinds may indeed mock others. as the mock
ing bird initiates Others notes They have, however,
each peculiar and characteristic voice-as the negro
in speaking English French, or Spanish, when he has
learned them does give their idiomatic accent but
uers them his throat and nature have modified them.
There is marked diversity between dhereat spe-
many species OF the dog iamiyas wolves, foxes jack
as the blue fox OF the arctic responsibilities distinct
species in Asia, Africa and South America but they oil
bark Their cries as characteristic their instincts.
They all hunt, chase, follow their prey death, and
these intrinsic pecuaries are universally distinctive OF
the family.
the red tiger, the puma wild CATS and many other spe
Gies, in all less than ninety SIX OF different Sizes and
many specific unlkenesses. But their general charac
teIscs the same-their unity as intimate that OF
dogs. They ALL the tiger on &c, like cats, await their
prey and, falling TO catch by sprnsng do not pursue
il like dogs.
"They are alike tteacherous, and all new. The roar
OF the hon, and the cry of the cat, phosophcally
ayzed, might show great similarity as the Greek and
Sanscrt and yet The mode OF articulation is the
So Of birds No one would fail 10 recognise the
woodpecker by his note-not the drumming noise made
by peckng trees, but by his peculiar song By this alone
be is easily distinguished from all other varieties OF
birds, though this specie is very numerous there being
no less than twelve kinds in America, besides different
ones in Europe Africa, &C. So the thrushes are easily
known by their sweet song and though they mock the
songs OF other birds, yet recognise them by their
proper voice. There many different species OF these,
there being less than here eight nine Europe,
also other varieties in Africa and Asia yet their soag
as like as that Of the wood-peekers These examples
might be multiplied indefinitely. Birds OF prey char
acerlzed by short, sharp cry-as the eagle, the vu
ture-but their scream could never be mistaken for a
dogs So the cocks from Asia, the wild fowls in South
America, and domestic hens have similar notes In
each distinct species hnd a distinct
- European naturalist, when iifs penetrating the
forests OF this country, would at recognise the quail
the thrush and the woodpecker-he knows thu family
by their voice Now, the difference OF notes in distinct
species has direct parallel 10 human speech and ia no
greater than the difference OF languages Which of these
learned from the oher the eagle from the thrush
the lion from the cat
1--WE must either give up identity of origin or admit
such plain contradiction. AS examples OF cognae Lam
gusges which have been supposed TO have sprung from
common source, and dlHused and changed by tradition
transmission referred TO the Sanscr the Per-
sian, the German, the Italian, the Greek, and the Latin,
and Others constituting one family But these lar
back their history tradition reaches were distinct
languages. Many spoken simultaneously. The
language which is spoken to-day; OF the ancient
Egyptian the Hebrew the old Greek, which presents the
same characteristics modern Greek-they were always
within the reach OF tradition separate and distinct These
very similar TO OF notes characteristic of
different families OF animals
!" How, then, languages intimately allied, as
for instance, the Spanish and Italian They evidently
grew from an admixture-a foreign infusion superadded
to the original stock. Modern mixed naiionalites are
evident examples OF the process"
The Professor next argues that the further back 20
in studies OF archaeology the distinct do the hu
become Indeed, the evidence this head
IN his opinion, would seem 10 prove that not only
there original diversity in rsces-ln the fpe
they sometimes termed--but that men created
IN separate nations, each distinct nationality, which has
played an important part in history having had sepa-
rate orsn We confess that this view OF the matter is