New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-05-18

raj laws Of production and distribution Of wealth. tend not
10 slavery but to freedom
Chapter VI how WEALTH rEsps TO lscRrAsr. We
extract,
Tha Increase Of wealth depends on the ability OF men 10
combine their e1ertions with their fellow consuming
on the land and pear the land he products OF the land and
epsbn The farmer not only to repair readily the .hnsns
ton caused by each successive crop but also 10 CAT 20 ns
S The services of the chemist in the preparation OF n
raI napures as VEL a. 10 call into activity hs mineral
ones BY which he is slmos; everywhere surrounded
Adam Smith is here quoted with crushing force
against the present English System, which to prevent
men from combining their labOrs, BY claiming mono
poly Of manufactures.
CHATTER VII, shows How MAs ACQUIRES VALUE AND
BECOMES FREE This is sequence to Chapters V. aud
VI exhibiting the necessity OF economy and of having
the fewest possible Intermediates in commerce, and
that the producer should be at the side Of the consumer
as much as possible to increase wealth and promote
freedom.
Chapter TX. How SLAVERY grew, AID HOW 1T Is
NOW NAISr.NED IN THE WEsr ISDxs," which, after sn
array of statistics, says:
Unlimited competition looks to the competition for the
sale Of raw produce in the markets Of England and TO the
destruction any composition with England for the sale 81
goods; and is under this system that the
pOor hboer Of Jamaica is being destroyed tie Is now
more slave than because hi labor yields him less
Of he necesssrie- and comforts OF HE than when MASTER
wss bound 10 provide for him.
Chapter " exposes How SLAVERY grew, AND
M.INrANED IN THE USIrED STATES" This demon
strates with mathematical accuracy that the present sys
TEN of our national policy which accords with the Brit
ish feetraders, sOcaed confirms the Slavery of the
South:
The less the power Of association in the Northern
Slaves the more rapid must be the growth Of the domestic
Savade the greater must be the decline in the price Of
heat cotton and sugar the greater must be the tendency
70 The massage Of men like Unoe Tom and of women and
f-.un fba mi
we're labor Of the South aud Southwest but the greater s
We are told NUT be he prosperity Of England II IS un
fortunate for the world that country exercising so much
influence Il oud have adopted policy 50 adverse to the
civilization and the freedom, not only OF the negro race,
hut Of mank ind al large. There seems however but little
probability Of change Seeking 10 make OF herself great
Icorksbop she necess desires that al the OF the
world should be great farm 10 be cultivated by msn,
women and children denied all other means OF employ
uent This Of course forbds association, which dunn
hes as lands become exhausted The absence Of assoc
tic orbid the existence Of schools w0rkshopbooks or
instruction. and men become barbsrzed when under a
dTrert system they might and would become civilized
The tendeIcy 10 Freedom passes away IS we see 70 have
been the case the last twenty years but in place of
Freedom snd as compensation for the horrors Of Jamaica
and o the domestic Slave trade the great workshop Of the
world Is supplied with cheap grain cheap tohsoco cheap
sugar and chesp cotton Were Adam smith alive he
nj. lit anc probably would take some trouble to inform his
countr, men that stem which looked 10 the exhaustion
Of the land Of ether count and the OF their
population, was manifest violation ct the most sacred
fglts az Mankind but since his day the doctrines OF the
Wealth Of Nations have been discarded and it, auhor
would find himself addressing hearers more unwilling
than the men for whom he wrote eighty years
since ~ that time the imaginary discovery had not been
made that men always commenced on the rich soils ana
passed population and wealth increased poorer ones
and the Mathian Law population was yet unihoughto
Now however whatever TENDS o. mtthe CROWN OF pOpu
ation is We are told 20 be garded great good aud
the domestic Slave trade accOmp,hes that object 40 the
same time that furnishes cheap cotton scarcely be-
expec,fd that there will be any change aud yet unless
change be somewhere made abroad or Il home we must
ptrorce submit to the continuance of the existing system
which precludes education, almo-t eschews matrlmony
separates husbands and wives parents aud children and
sends the women 10 the labors of the fields
To the philosophy of this agree fully bat we must
contrast the closing lines the position of slaves nhe
rent in the very system with the previous statement OF
the author, that they are treated kindly. Slaves as
a class cannot be treated kindly. We might as
well Say person was run over by wagon, and had
both legs crushed mildly The wheels of Slavery can
NOT crush human hearts with mild force IL ia the force
ofhell-it burns while it strikes
Chapter XI How SLAVERY Grows PoRrUGAL
AND TURKEY, shows bow Portugal has been ruined by
the Methuen Treaty with Eogland:
The nee, ssary consequences OF system which looks
10 compeug tie whole pc Julann ofa country TO employ
themselves in single pursut-a cuiyaung the ana ana
an producing the same commodity and thus ehecsutly
nreyepts the growth ohat natural association so much sd
nirtd by Aosm Smith. II is that can end only in the
exhaustion Of the land and rs owner When population
increases and men come together even The poor land u
made rich ana thus il IT," says NJ de mes that the
power Of the poor lands OF the Department
If the Seine Yield thrice much a. those OF the Lore
The continuation of this chapter on Turkey is nya
liable, and we commend most earnestly its perusal to
the Secretary Of State at Washington, as the forming
of new relations with Turkey is now spoken Of la the
wear l67 Ntbe Turkish Government bound itself by
treaty with England charge more than three per
cent duty on imports This could not supply the reve
nue. SO direct taxation prevailed and an Indirect tax IN
the shape of export duties was adopted. Turkey man.
ufactured much Of her cotton aud exported cotton
yarn I'D TO a certain period To the same extent civil
lzation was advancing Her manufactures were de-
stroyed or impaired by English sborsaying machinery,
combined with Free Trade The PROFITS" says
Mr. Urqulart, "hAve been reduced TO Oneha and some
times to onethrd by the introduction OF English cot
tons which though they have reduced the home price
and arrested the export Of cotton yarn from Turkey
have not YET suppanted the home manufacture in any
visible degree for until tranquility has allowed agr
culture to revive the people must go on working merely
for bread and reducing their price IN struggle Of hope
less eompetition The industry the women and child
ren is most remarkable and in every interval OfabOr
tending the cattle carrying water, the spindle and dis
taft as in the days Of Xerxes, is out Of their
hands The children are as assduOusy az work, from
the moment their little fingers can turn the spindle
Il seems that the Turkish woman can earn four cents
Nv. and the unremittiDg labor Of week viii CON-
mand twenty FIVE cents" OF course, under this sys-
tenn national decomposition Is going and as our au
thor sums it up Turkish Society is divided into Two
cs.ses the plunderers and the plundered' But Mr..
Irouhsrt ia Nevertheless an advocate for British Free