davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11
A FLORIDA HAMMOCK.


The editor of the Ocala (Florida) Mirror, MOTTO
ing erroneous statement on this subject, gives
the following description of a Florida hammock,
which the writer of this knows to be materially
correct:
g There some few swamps the streams that look
like the swamps of other regions the growth it be
ing mixture of palmetot, live oak magnolia lynn aud
underground of laurel mock orange &c. tangled with
rines and jasmine. But genuine hammock is high
dry rolling spot set like oasis in the pine The
borders generally very thick with underground fur
ther in you find the ground elevated much clearer of
dergrowth covered with the largest kind of gums
magnoas, whiteoaks ynns hickories yeoaks cherries
often three and four feet through 1t is true though
high and dry from the luxuran growth of the forest
accustomed to river bottoms is constantly looking for
some large water-course which he finds. There
occasional channels runlets which during the
rainy to carry off the of water but these
are seldom over few hundred yards long, and plunge
headlong into some hillside and disappear But what is
remarkable when you pass out of of these hammocks
you find yourself descending the pine barren There
is mud in them, and fewer snakes than in any new
country we have seen, and have not a few
countries"
Hammocks are Of various sizes, from some which in
clude about of ground others fifteen miles long
and several miles wide
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11
FROM CALIFORNIA AND CHINA

| The steamer Daniel Webster has arrived at New
| Orleans with San Francisco dates TO the 10Th OF
Nav fourteen days later than previous adylces
The general news from California IS without lnl-
portance Mining operations continued successful +;
general good health prevailed the weather was IA
yorable business was dull, aud The prices of pro
duce on the Decline with large and increasing stocks
Baltimore -four was selling at $3.50 to 50 per bar
rel; provisions were heavy and prices dropping
Quite number Of persons were emigrating to
Australia
Late accounts had reached San Francisco from
China The rebellion was still progressing, but not
so vigorously, and with less prospects of success
The rumor that Nankin had been captured was gem
orally discredited. The insurgents had made the
attempt, but failed having been pretty efectually
routed by the Governor The Emperor was using
all his energies and means TO restore order and crush
the rebels. 1t was thought he would eventually
succeed. There was no doubt, however, of very
party being arrayed against him.
The steamer FL Dorado has arrived at New York from
Aspinwa with San Francisco dates of the eth ultimo
She brings 900 in gold brought down by the
Panama, and also the mails.
large fire occurred at San Francisco the evening
of the 4th qtmo by which the Rossete House and
raj adjoining buildings destroyed 1t is supposed
that several inmates of the hotel persisted in the flares
shocking affair had occurred at San Ballard between
squatters and the Sheriff of the county, Mr. W. W.
TRIESTE. Justice of the Peace named VIDALL shot
dead, and the Sheriff MORALLY wounded The greatest
excitement prevailed in consequence
Misses A. r. MIDDLETON and A. NJ. HUTToN Of Mary
land, died on board the Panama at Acapulco
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11
CITY STOCKS AS A BASIS OF BAYE-YoTE CIR
CULATI0Ns

Gov SEYMOUR, of New York, on Wednesday
last returned to the Legislature with his veto, the
bill for authorizing the deposte Of city stocks as
basis for the issue of bank notes. under the general
banking law He says that if the bill should become
law it would tend to increase the demand for cy stocks
and by adding to their market value it would create AN
nducement the part of municipal corporations to incur
debts; and he asks it expedient at this time when
highly speculative feeling pervades the community to
encourage disposition to incur liabilities by converting
debts into circulating medium He does not consider
the excuse for adopting this class Of stocks basis Of
security for bank circulation, that the amount Of State
and United States stocks in the market insufficient
in quantity for the object valid The amount Of
these stocks in the hands of the public he says is
$87 506 1885, and he thinks this amount ample although
considerable portions of may be absorbed in other
States He argues further that the large increase
of banking capital in the State swelling the amount at
the present time about $4,000 000 and the induce
ments to further increase from the present high rate
Of banking profits render it nexpedien to add to the
facilities for further increase He concludes by saying
~ deem it exceedingly hazardous, at this period of
speculative excitement and pecunary expansion, to di
mnish the security of the bill holder to increase the
motives for the establishment Of banking Institutions
which are already multiplying to an unprecedented
extent
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11
NEW HAMPSHIRE.

Governor MARTIN, Of New Hampshire delivered his
message to the Legislature Of that State on Thursday
He cautions them against multiplying and too frequently
altering the laws. The bank capital Of the State is
000 and the Governor would be slow to increase
it, referring to the lessons Of 1887 and s40 He
invites legislation for the careful management Of
railroads. making careessness in the employees indict
able offence when life is lost and he does advise
extension Of facilities to railroads As to intoxicating
liquors. the Governor thinks if the present laws
getcaly administered could decide whether they
deficient net "utra measures often fail in
ing the expectations Of their projectors The legislative
session Of last November caused increase in the State
debt from 500 195 to about $74000 Educational nst-
tutons ourishing the number Of schools is 1874
amount applied to education 1921, 747 teachers and
scholars 92 1913. Mr. MARTIN again recommends the APP
pointmen Of Commissioner Of agriculture and gives agr-
cultural and manufacturing statistics showing 2251 4S8
mproved value Of $55 245 997 farming i'm
PIGMENTS So, 3l4 1856 live stock, 1851 901 orchard
products, S248, 563; domestic manufactures 1898 455 ;
yearly produce Of WOOL 10s 476 lbs 977 056 lbs Of
buter 196568 lbs Of cheese 294 500 lbs Of maple
sugar Cotton factories "A invested therein $50 500
Woollen mills, 81 invested in them So 49, ZOO Value
Of cotton and woollen products annually 1853 There
624 miles of railroad in the State in running order
which cost $s 24G, 0S6 last annual receipts
expenses, $949,567; nett income, S3l8 $685. averaging
nearly Al per cent on the whole investment.
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11

The PREsBYTERfsx ASSEMBLY AND SLAvERY.-We
stated in last paper that the slavery question
prominent topic Of discussion in the General Assembly
Of the New School Presbyterian Church. lately in session
Buffalo. This discussion took place report from
committee proposing certain inquiries the Southern
churches in relation TO their connection with slavery to
which it thought would prepare the way for
future judicial proceedings by the Assembly against some
Of the churches This report after considerable discus
sion and in full house, Indefinitely postponed On
subsequent day. however, this question was again
brought up and discussed the previous action Of the As
semby reconsdered and the report Of the committee
adopted by vote Of 10 to 49, This called forth two Sc
parate protests from members These protests took the
ground that the proceedings Of the Assembly rregu
lar that they did not express the opinion Of the Assem-
bly, many members having left for home subsequently to
the first action Of the Assembly, that the said proceed
ings unconstitutional, and not entitled to any
attention from the synod presbyteres and churches
which they addressed, inasmuch they contem-
plated ecitng facts the strength Of which disciplinary
processes might in future be carried forward The pro-
having been referred to the Committee Slavery
to answer, that lmittee made report disavowing all
intention to make the information sought the basis of
future action looking to discipline and asserting that the
General Assembly had always made distinction between
the system Of slavery and the relations Of individuals
that system. This report adopted
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11
LATE sUBTREAsURY OPERATION.
FROM THE PHILADELPHIA PUBLIC LEDGER.

FROM THE PHILADELPHIA LEDGER.
The Interpretation of the Subtreasury law is
ing great excitement, and will probably give rise
debate in the next Congress. 1t is maintained
here by lawyers Of great repute that it is puerle for
the officers of the Federal Government refuse to
ceiye pay bank in the United States but to
do both within marine league from shore The law is
general, and does not admit of such distinction.
late Government transaction, in particular is severely
commented upon in commercial circles.
The Subreasury, having occasion to funds in Eng
land, bought draft the Bank of Liverpool payable
sixty dnys after sight. This draft drawn by the
Bank Of Charleston endorsed by Messrs Wiley Leroy s.
Co.. of this city and had been the Bank of the
State Of New York. in Wall street. where it was pur-
chased is commended that this is infracton of the
Subtreasury law recently construed in Washington
The transaction originated in South Carolina and from
its commencement to the fuflment of the engagement
to pay not less than seventfve days must intervene
Every draft is but contract to deliver money parti
cular place fixed day, differing in nothing from
contract to carry money but in the substitution Of one
coin for another And if it Is unlawful to draw from
place in the United States another there is no
reason why draft from bank in the United States on
bank out of the United States and negotiated or
sold by another bank in the United States should be
full 1t is maintained that this is whipping the devil
round the stump" The old construction of the Sub
treasury law, employing transfer drafts but granting no
more time than absolutely necessary complete The
ton, was first adopted by the late Judge Woodbury. and
was continued under Messrs. EWING, FORWARD ROBERT
j. WALKER, MEREDITH, and CoRwN.
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11

Major STEVENS, appointed Governor of the new
Territory Of Washington, arrived at st. Paul. Min
nesota, the 9th ultimo, and was soon to depart
thence with his expedition for the reconnaissance
of the North Pacific railroad route. The Minneso-
tan says:
Most Of the party have arrived, together with
their mules, baggage wagons &c. The DR.. Franklin on
her last trip, brought up seventy head Of mules
and Wednesday the West Newton landed the remainder
Of the complement, between ninety and hundred on
Pixies Island, below Fort Smelling The dragons which
are to accompany the expedition will be mounted upon
mules The party are encamped upon the shores Of
one Of the small lakes four miles back Of Fort Smelling
The expedition will be fitted out in the complete or
der and no impelment, for want Of full equipment,
possibly the work upon which they 20 forth from
being accomplished at early day"
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11

TRIAL By JURY.-Mr. Walsh, in letter to the New
York Journal Of Commerce. says Your Bench and Bar
win be attracted to the second report of the Common
Law Commission which published in London few
days ago. The trials Of questions Of fact and the evil
dence receivable such trials compose its principal sub
ject The Commissioners treat fully the trial by jury
they finally recommend that il be continued as the rule
but that the parties should if both consent be compe
tent TO dispense with it, and leave the issues Of fact
the judge With regard to Of mere account arb-
traton is proposed by officers Of the court county court
judges or il the parties prefer arbitrator chosen by
mutual consent upon whose report judgment may be en-
tered as upon the verdict Unanimty in the jury is to
be maintained in all The French have found that
nine Of the twelve for concunce in the verdict are too
many, and have descended seven Their new law de-
serves particular notice"
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11
MARYLAND WING STATE CONVENTION

It will be seen by the following proceedings d
the Wing members Of the Legislature of Maryland
that the Wings Of the State are requested to send
Delegates to Convention to meet in Baltimore on
the first day of September next, to take such
measures as may be best calculated to promote the
success Of the Wing party;
ANNAPOLIS, MAY 25, 1858.
The Wing members Of the Legislature held meeting
in the Senate Chamber for the purpose of recommending
definite of action to the Wings OF the State
The Hon. w l. GATHER was called to the chair, and
WM. +. SNYTH appointed Secretary; when, motion,
the following resolutions we're adopted
Rssolrsd Thas it is recommended to the Wings Of the
several counties and the city of Baltimore appoint
many delegates each county and the city is entitled to
in the General Assembly who will assemble in convention
in Baltimore city the first day of September next for
the purpose Of adopting such as they may think
best calculated to promote the Of the Wing party
ResOlra That the proceedings be signed BY the Chair
and Secretary and published in thewhig
of this State.
VIM LINGAS GATHER, Chairman
N + SMYTH Secretarv
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11

NEW PENNSYLVANIA LoAS.-The Philadelphia Ledger
states that the somewhat extravagant appropriations
made at the last session Of the Pennsylvania Legislature
have made it necessary for the Executive to make loan
Of some 100000 from the banks Of Philadelphia The
loan is for year, and bears six per cent All the city
banks participate in it, lending about six per cent Of
their respective capitals The money is to be applied to
the North Branch Canal, to the mountain DIVISION and to
other permanent improvements. No part Of it will he
used for the payment Of State interest which is fully
provided The to loan at this time has been
made the imperative from the fact that the Attorney
General has decided that the bonus Of $3.50 from the
Grard and Mechanics Banks whose charters ore just
renewed by the Governor signing the bills and which
was originally intended for the North Branch cannot &c
to that important improvement, bot, under o genera
law must 20 to the sinking fund,
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11
MR.. coUEs,s NEW FORMULA

Messrs. EDIroRS The article in the IntelRencer Of
the 3lst umo, entitled Mr.. Coues's New Formula .
seems to require notice from me- notwhstandno a
repugnance, significantly expressed ia the note wbj1
you have fit to publish 70 engaging in newspaper
discussion OF such topic.
When it is desirable to compute the time of evolution
of planet about the directly from its moan distance
astronomers have long had the formula, derived from
Kepers law, that such time of revolution expressed in
solar days is equal to 365256 times tie distance null
tped by the square root of the distancethe unit Of
measure being the earth peon distance from the
Mr. Couess formula also derived from Kepers law and
expressed in the form best adapted for computation is
that the time of revolution is equal to 03l8309 times
tne distance multiplied by the square root Of the dis
lance the unit Of distance being his assumed value of the
suns diameter or m of the ears mean distance from
the sun
There being in each of these formulas the same num-
Der OF terms and the same process of computation COM
puters may use either with equal facility In such for
muas the units Of time and distance are entirely arb
rary. Astronomers win probably prefer the form to
which they have been accustomed there is reason in
the nature of things why the distance of the earth
from the sun should be used the unit of
whatever why 100 that distance should be selected
nor the SUMS diameter, were il accurately known
The ratio Of the diameter Of circle to its circumference
aI15a or O.3l8308 :, necessarily enters into some of
the formulas which derived from Kepplers law as
tronomers are wont to it where it is desirable to
leave it out where adds nothing either Of convenience
or simplicity to their formulas ny &
IN the old formula the simple distance is used and
the period OF planet is obtained from on distance
In precisely the and to the same extent as in
that OF Mr. Coues Mr.. Couess formula is in no degree
more independent of the earths distance and period than
is the other.
1t is not surprising that the of Mr. Couess formula
should reproduce the results which astronomers
have obtained from precisely equivalent formulas it was
to have been expected 1t surprising that an eminent
mathematical scholar should lay any stress upon it.
One OF the blunders" POSSIBLY had my note been in
tended for publication might have selected mder term)
to which alluded which your mathematical friend
might have detected is in the statement that planet
at the distance] 100 would have Also days. The
writer lin his eagerness to illustrate an apparently sim
pie but nappicabe dea overlooked the inconsistency
with his own formula, afterwards given which would
give for the period Of such planet 3l8. 800 days.
The similarity Of the number - with -
which is the diameter of the ncludng its luminous
enveope) compared with the distance the earth as de-
rived from observations is the single fact indicated in
Mr. Coues's communication, which / characterized as
new, and as fact interesting, but isolated and of
little Importance"
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11

The EXPLOSION AT QUEDEc.-The steamer " ST. Pierre
Of the ferry boats sometimes employed in towing
having put on board the steamer for Montreal from
vessel in the stream upwards Of two hundred and ninety
passengers proceeded to Gilmours take barge
in tow, and while preparing to do her boiler burst
and out Of ten persons board eight persisted Capt
Carry who stood the boiler, blown high in the
air Mr. Ferrer had his skull split open by piece Of
the boiler and his wife also killed. but their bodies
were hardly dsfgured at ALL The other sufferers were
fremen and deck hands, whose names are not given.
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11

The New York Womca's State Temperance Society. in
session last week at Rochester consumed large portion
of their time in discussing amendment their const
tuition proposing to admit Men to hold Offices in the So
ciety 1t finally laid the table. Some trouble
was produced by Miss Susan b. Anthony, who resigned
the recording secrearyshp alleging that the election Of
President indicated that spirit rife in the society
with which she could not sympathze it showed dspo-
sion to sacrifice principle expediency and moreover
the society would not take Woman's Rights grounds
She said her soul was no longer with the society.
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11

CAsADA-Resolutions have been introduced into the
Assembly for the removal of the seat of from
Quebec to Toronto. The resolutions provide for ample
accommodations for the Governor General for the two
houses Of Parliament, and for the public officers.
The Governor General offers reward of four hundred
dollars for the apprehension in Canada or the United
States, of VILLAIN e. Braiaerd who shot his mother in
Wickham, Canada East the Goth ultimo lie is de-
scribed as bookbinder, who has worked as such in
Montreal Kingston, Burlington, Albany, New York, and
Boston
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11
PRESBYTERIAN GENERAL ASSEMBLY, (o.s)

PRESBYTERIAN GENERAL ASSEMBLY, (O.S)
This body closed its prtracted session at Philadelphia
on Friday afternoon In the morning DR. WIN. s. PLUMER
made report from the special committee appointed
the last General Assembly to take into consideration
means for securing the right of conscience in religious
matters to American citizens in foreign countries The
report quite voluminous and contained history of
the efforts which have been made during the year
complsh the object Of the resolutions In the treaty made
during that period between the Government of the United
States and that Of Uruguay the rights of conscience
expressly secured.
series Of resolutions reported by the committee
They in effect endorse the spirit of the resolutions of the
last Assembly, urge the agitation Of the subject and APP
peal strongly in favor Of the rights of American citizens
abroad and applaud the action Of the American Govern
ment in the treaty with the Oriental Republic Of Uruguay
Considerable debate upon the adoption Of the
soutionsobjecton being made to them by of the
speakers interference with the affairs Of civil gov
eminent. motion made to postpone the matter
until the Assembly, which lost The report and
resolutions were finally adopted
The next session Of the General Assembly will meet in
the city Of Buffalo in May next.
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11

The work Of Improvement in VIRGINIA is not
confined alone to the making of railroads. We re-
joice to see and know that the agricultural interests
Of the State arc daily receiving more and more at
tention from the intelligent farmers Of the different
counties, and that their Skill industry, and enter
prise are meeting their just rewards in the increased
value and productiveness of their lands, and in the
increased quantity and quality Of their annual crops.
Every where an improvement in farming is at a
glance Agricultural societies cattle shows and fairs
are objects Of interest and attention. To make two
blades Of grass grow where only one grew before is
now an object Of ambition. Practical results are
sought to be attained by judicious culture The
lights Of science and experience are consulted How
gratifying is all this to every lover Of his State
Virginia is indeed capable Of being made the first
agricultural well the first manufacturing State
in the Union. Her soil and her climate are as "a
vorable as could be wished Alex Gazette.
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11

The VIRGINIA CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION re-
publish the names of the Representatives elected to Con-
gress from the State Of Virginia. in order 10 correct an
error which crept into our former list by the accidental
insertion Of another name instead Of that of Mr. MLsox
in the second district
lst district, Thomas II. Bayly; I'd, John s. Mison
ID, John s. Caskie; 4th, VIM. o. Goode; 9th, Thomas
s. Bocock; 9th, Paulus Powell; 9TH, William Smith
9Th, Charles j. Faulkner; 9th, John Leteher; 10Th
kidwell; 18th, G. s. Lewis; l2th Henry A. Edmonson;
18th, Fayette McMullen
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11

Prof. ARGELANDER communicates through Mr. G. s
VEsABLE the discovery of another planet on the 9Th of
May, by Mr.. LUTHER, of the Observatory at Blk The
Bonn observation is the of four comparisons with
the ring mcrometer The planet is Of the 10 II magni
tude This is probably the Goth OF the group of small
planets between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter The
24th was discovered by Prof Gaspars of Naples on the
9th Of April; the 18th by Mr. chacornac at Marsees
the 9th of April of the present wear
Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11

The Philadelphia papers announce tlat JAMES
Ross SNowDEN has been appointed Director of the
Mint, in the place made vacant by Judge PETIT S
decease. 1t is added that DR. PATTERSON was at
first nominated but the nomination was reconsdered
and Mr.. SNowDEN appointed