Daily evening star. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1852-1854, 1853-12-06

You will perceive from the report of the Secretary of
the Interior. that opinions, which have often been ey-
pressed in relation to the operation OF the land SYSTEM
not being of 10 the federal treasury.
were erroneous The net profits from the sale OF the
public lands TO June 80. 1883 amounted TO the sum of
fifty three million two hundred and eighty nine thou
sand four hundred and slxiyhv dollars.
recommend the extension OF the land system over the
Territories Of Utah and New Mexico. with such modif-
cations their peculiarites may require.
Regarding public domain chiefly valuable to
provide homes for the industrious and enteprsng, am
not prepared 10 recommend any essential change in the
land system except by notifications In favor OF the actual
settler, and extension of the pre-empton principle
IN certain cases, for reasons, and grounds which will
he FULLY developed in the reports TO be laid before YOU
Congress, representing the proprieors of the territorial
domain AID charged especially with power dispose of
territory belonging TO The United States has, for long
course OF years, beginning with the administration of
Mr. Jefferson, exercised The power construct roads
within the territories; and there many and obvious
distinctions between this exercise OF power and that OF
making roads within the States, that the former has
been considered subject 10 such objections sppy to
the latter, and such may be considered the settled
construction OF the power OF the federal government
upon the subject.
Numerous applications have been, and no doubt will
continue TO be, made tor giants OF land, aid OF the
construction of railways ii is not believed 10 be within
the intent and meaning of the constitution, that the power
to dispose of the public domain, should be used other
wise than might be expected from prudent proprietor
and therefore, that grants OF land 10 aid the
ton OF roads should DE restricted to cases. where ii
would be Tor the mterest u proprietor, under like Gil
these works For the practical operation OF such grants
thus far in advancing the interests OF the States in
which the works are located, and at the same time the
substantial interests of all the other States, by enhan-
cling the value and promoting the rapid sale of the public
domain, refer you the report OF the Secretary of the
Interior careful examination, however, will show
that ths experience il the result OF Just discrimination
and will be far from aording ageInr 10 rsck
less OR indiscrlmn extension of the principle.
| commend TO your favorable consideration the men
of genius of our country, who by their ventons and
to the improvements of the age, without, in many in
stances, securing for themselves anything like ade
quate reward. For many interesting details upon this
SUBJECT refer you TO the appropriate reports, and espe
caiiy urge upon your early attention The apparently
slight, but really Important notifications OF existing
laws therein suggested
The liberia spirit which has long marked the action
OF Congress relation to the District OF Columbia, WILL
have no doubt, continue 20 be manifested
The erection of asy um Tor tue insane of the Dis
trict of Columbia, and OF the army and navy OF the Uni
ted States. has been somewhat retarded, by the great
demand tor materials and labor during the past
but full preparation for the reception of patients, before
the return of another winter is anticipated aud there
the best reason 10 believe, from the plan and conem
plated arrangements winch have been devised, with the
large experience furnished within the las, few years
relation 10 the nature and treatment OF the disease that it
will prove an asylum indeed TO this most helpless and al
hlcted class OF sufferers, anu stand noble monument
OF wisdom and mercy
Under the of Congress of August 81, 1852, and
OF March >, 1913, designed 10 for the Cities OF
Wa shInson and Georgetown abundant supply OF
lie the Eeportad plans OF the engineer who mad charge
OF the under the rst named Inc best,
not the ony plan, Ca cuiaed 10 secure permanently the
object sought, that which coGtemp laes taking the
wafer trol the Great Falls of the Potomac. and,
quenty, gave to ii my approval.
For tbs progress and present condition OF this important
work aid for It's demands, Tar appropriations
War
The present judicial system OF the United States has
been operation for long period OF time, and
so familiar TO tIe c0unry. and acquired entirely The
iubllc confidence, that modified any respect, should
only De in tno.e particulars which may adapt Ii to the
Increased extent population, and legal business OF ihe
tnlsei States. In this reianoD The Organization OF me
courts confesse!iy inadequate TO the duties be
performed by hem III consequence OF which, the States
OF Florida, Wisconsin, Iowa. Texas, aud California and
districts OF other States effect excluded from tue
ui benefits OF the general system, by the functions OF
the circuit court beng devOved on the district Judges IN
ali those States, or parts OF States
The spirit OF The constitution and due regard TO JUS
tee require that all The States OF the Union should ba
placed Oh the footing regard the iadcial tr
ounais therefore commend 10 your consde alton this
important subject, which, my uGs ment, demands the
speedy action OF Congress. will present TO you, If
deemed desirable. rlan which am prepared to recon-
mend, Tor the enlargement and modification OF e present
judicial system
Tue of Congress establishing the Smithsonian To-
stinon provided the the President of the United States,
aud other persons therein des gnated, should constitute
an establishment" by tina, NAME and that the members
should hold stalled and special meetings. for the super
VISION OF lie tIdS OF lhe institution. The organization
not having taken place. it seemed proper that
should be effected without delay This has been done
and occasion thereby presented for inspecting the
condition of the lIsttuon and appreciang It's
full progress thus far, and its high promise of great and
general usefulness.
have omitted 10 ask your favorable consideration for
the estimates OF works of local character in twenty
seven OF the thirty States amounting million
seven hundred and fifty four thousand i've hundred dol
lars because. Independently al the grounds which have
SO Often been urged against the application OF The federal
revenue for works OF this character, inequality with
sequeRt injustice Is inherent in the AZURE OF The PROPOSE
ton, and because the plan has proved entirely inadequate
to the accomplishment OF the Objects sought.
The subject OF internal improvements, claiming alike
the interest and good will OF all, has, nevertheless,
been the basis OF much political dscnssio and has stood
deep craven line OF division between statesmen OF
emien, ability and PATRIOTISM The rule of strict con-
struc;icn Of all powers delegated by the States
general government has arrayed ITSELF from time to time,
against the rapid progress OF eXAndltu from the ma
tonai treasury works OF oEal character within the
States. Memorable eac3h in The history OF this
subject the message OF President Jackson, of the 27h
Of May, 1880, which met the system Of internal improve
menis III lis cOpar alive infancy; but rapid had been
lis growth, that the proec appropriations IN that year
tor works OF thus character had risen 10 the aiming
amount CT more than Che hundred millions OF dollars.
In that message tee President adai,ted the difficulty Of
bring back tie operations OF the government to the
construction oil the constitution set upIn l79S and marked
as an admonoIy proof OF the necessity OF guarding