The Democratic sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 1852-1853, 1853-11-30
TERMS, Il jSl,50l'i. !: :

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annexation, pride in extended dominion,
or else a natural repugnance 10 foirouing
good advice Surely, IL wisdom ever cried #
in the streets, she has been bawIing herself 4
hOar III Sc twenty-five centuries against
the folly of maintaining fences and paying
taxes on hundred acies Of land in ordeE
to grow crop tEaI might have been pfo-,i
duced from ten. " -'t ''s7i'a g'r 1'I'st.
But the sinners against light and know
| ledge in our day have far less excuse IlIan4
their remote ancestors, or even their own
| grandiathers. 1t was always well TO urge
deep plUwing and the like, but 50 long as
the plow was but a fUrked log or stick, with
one prong sharpened for coulter, and anoGh-p
er employed as beam il was hardly possible
to pl5w thoroughly. In our day, hOwsysre15
The advance from wooden ploWs throughlroh
! points end iron mold boards to iron plews,s
steel points, steel plows, and subsolng, has,
been no stgnal and decisive thstthe shiftless
creatare who with his two lean ponies skins
and skins over the fields he ought either to 8
cultivate or let alone, scratching their sur
| face mildly to depth of three or four inehesrs
sins against such an array Of light and5u
knowledge Ehat lie is far less excusable than
his ancestors who did not pEetsEd TO plow gt Vi
all butsIdck In 4 seed here and there as they
could easiest find hole or make one and,a
trus;edto Providence TO give them an unde-til
served return for their spirAless and frivolous
effor.s. .pa 81 E .-...e { 7ssa as-.t., la.sa
The three main features of Aglicultursi,s
advancement anl~ng the Angl 10 Saxon race
now-a-days sre:- /. nDREP PLowns, oR,B
SUB SoTHSG; g. DRAITNG; 8. lRRrGATboS.ss II
am quite aware that Draining should take !,
! preeedence in the order, OF time, yet be 49,
leve, in poiut of fact Deep Plowing has,
led to Draining, by demonstrating it's neessr -
81 y, al not Draining to Deed kowing. We sfs
suffer immensely from droulhih this country sit
Probably Ghe aggregate annual loss ufron4 Of.
drouth alone throughout the Unioa decidsdrYll
lily exceeds, taking one year with another. ~
! the entire cost of our Federal 4 Government +
! Yet we kno% that the roots OF most plants
will descend to moisture, no matter how dry,t
the surface il the earth beneath them is
porous, mellow and inviting. Hence Hu4d
realize the immense Importance of Deep
Flowing; and, after doubling our teams and
sinking our deepest Plows to the beam. we u
summon to our aid the Sub-Sol implemenS-
and go down depth beyond lsat OF any
single furEow. But We soon find chat the II
pulverization of Il sub soil, thus attained
has no permanent effect, that the water thst
teaches down to it settles it into al coinpaet Ii
solid NJ SO, which the roots eannot perf0rate Il )
and all our subsoiling needs TO be done over. ID
again. The remedy that seadily suggests Z.
itself is the freeing Of the sub,sol fromwat-e II
er by drains sunk be ow it, say Ghuee to- SIN x
rods apart 81 filed half way up with peh. a
bles, with fat stones Eormingsa sort Of eul.lsi
vert, or, still better, laia with draini1g gtRS I.
or hollow brick, placed end to end, aaA
forming continuous channel from the highr 4,
}, est part of any slope or grade to the brook
which drains it, And now the sub soil,
dposng The drains we'll laaue and the
drainage way sufficient, is readily freed
from any water setting into it and long re- h
tains the porous and permeable character
I communicated to it by deep plowing. s ysg.5
OF fcourse, this does not exhaust the good
effects Of Draining. Thesub-soil, thus loos- N
ened and freed from excessive moisture, be- Z
, come a source oGfood as well rs drink, 70 at
this plants growing above it; for that il il Il,
capable ofIeeding plants, no one, who haaol
) observed the rank vegetation. growing Gut OF VI
the earth thrown up by draining or digging,
can doubt. Instead Of being like slough !
in wet weather and like abrick in dry this q
f sub soil retains sufficient moisture TO cheer N
the plants but too little to indurate stself71gs
. And the mean Temperature ofthe soil, hith
J erto lowered by the constant evaporationsoi
0 the water contained in the sub-sol, is raised
2? several degrees by the suns rays, NC longer FL
I contracted by the eYaporating prQccsss-TTa
81 least not to any such extent as before---so :.
7 that the plants grow more luxuriantly, ma !.
+ tupe more rapidly, ANA So are eerher ont of 81
t danger .fronl frost Aad beside this, II
: the constant passage Of currents Of air Il
] through that portion of the drain not eecu- I
r pied by water, land each drsia should,haye u
An opening at its head rs well as at It's mouth s
r lis an dtiona source Of fertility through IT
8 the chemical combinations il lnsureS.h. H.
: woul, b. difficult to overstaie tls value, ths N
0 importance, the profit, OF Draining. ,s., !,
n Many are accustomed tossy, : This land
# needs no draipias;Y tllatt is not habituailEs
It TOO wet, Du4 draining proves as rsefnb if IL
# is not as imperatiyely necessary, ca dry
s soils as on wet On dry lands il isreqa:r~
c ed that the sub suil, once, brpken up and
pulverized, shall not, by the settling or
= moisture lhrrln dmluy the wet, season. ts.
I Iharlepsd pn4 renlllfred imPry9us talsaia;;S
c these, Lands need 70 be renllsred porous and
b bPenetrabc by roots ~. a greater depth. be
q cause Of Their drApess they neeI 70 be shield.
y led from the. ,perpicipus Effects of constant
e Evaporation n .eooing the soil, and thus re- \
IS EtarIng the yr4wlh. VI its plants. There,
& is very much land not worth tllling; but there
) is none that vii JUSTLY tillagge wAlch would
"a not reward Draining ,ol.sl'.es .,l,e @
'ei- Or Irrigation, we in, this country knoW,
I lvery little by .q4pcrienes, bal We are drstint
ie cd soon to know more, and 70 be profted by Il
is our knowledge. 'ffue, there are lands thar
4 may be readily drained aud Sub soied ilAas
). cannotIso readily tbe,rrgateJ, owing 70 their
p;l elevation and 4, ,lrtiriepl sppply ofwalar. " ~
e tapprehcnd,, however, thai these lands are
4 MOI TO be ,foand 10, Indiana, nor ip any OIL
A Yer Prairie State, whose frsIpeculiaFisies
le that strl4 a.stranger are 4. sppsrahupdaace
pt Of water in the ,ralny season aIa n scarcity
as thcrcofin the drY; The linle i A hand wheif
o. you will hers require extsnsiye Y agd ,poWers
Il iul ppmpins apparatus, iioalgy e. raise was.
on er tor ,pur heavy stocks q cattle and coleR
t. veyit to the pastures NhersiL they will ~
c. confined; and why not Istlse en0ngh 0f The