The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-11-03

iffURfKD REVOLUTION IN YVCAFAN.
tn: MsI 0RAToM Of THE ESuITS.
H., h., 10.
0ux Mexican Cosrespendenee.

AkxlC0, OctoOor 2, 1000.
TNs Dstrsl for ths Rssoratss< of the Jsssas-Hs-
tevical Facts Ce~c~~s~g a. Broth~hsod.
he nost exciting event which "a occurred in
Mis- CITY fsr some time. is the decre> lately pro.
osluned N sblshing the Jesuis once mo- in this
revublis. This decree you viii find published. all
IA naners \ trauslation of which, no doubt, woui>
n i.teraGtipg to you. One or two Of the govern
ynsnt organs pretend to say that this decree Ii
pouuasr among all .lAsses. II they had SAID IN
s.-.,.r among all classes ting would have published
- 18th. II in decidedly the mo- obnoxious act Of
80. Anna 9 dictatorship. No one s>ams to under I
-. ,..t;ve for this measure. The c--xv. both
,,l.r and secular. as bitterly hate the jesus as
..cstholic- Christian brethren hate them In T.,
The very constitution aud privileges
"n oiuer are NIGH 10 make al other orders
mac sHee In Catholic ,ouhtry. Ia the first place,
ney are not subject to the bishop Of the diocess,
nor 20 any archbishop They can do as they please,
and are only responsible to the provincial Of their
own order, or To their general il Rome In the next
place, they are an active, pryng, censuriny and
fautfnding race among other moaGs aai cura ..s;;
aas' IN the third oace they have too muca zeal aai
eaer5 for the round wasted gentlemen sao wish to
move along 1T q mules pace.
With the people in general the same opinion vi
them entertained here in oil other parts of the
world. The most popular novel in all Mexico IA
"Ths Wandering Jew which has been translated
into Spanish and beautifully embeished. This book
u to be found everywhere in universal demand aud
with q universal admiration. As it is undoubtedly
the werk which has done them the most harm Of
late, md has held them up to public detestation
suppose it win soon be put under the ban Of an in.
terdist which will be effort to prevent its being
circulated and read
This decree OF govern ment makes q restoration
81 the Jesuits, from which you may irer that they
have heretofore cufished III these regions. Let me
asaure you that their history Ia Mexico Is closely
ocHEw0ven with the history Of the territory recently
;nrar.,ed bby tho United Stases, thai every we'll
deeds in the last " ee- 20 kSow something of their
some extensive buuder- continually oea1 " maSe
by those who write aud talk ano". you oelus lnade
ritories bordering Gu this republic ~. o1'uotn 'er'
The best benetactors that Mexico L..
sessed have been the clergy; and OF these the
hare been az ong the greatest. To them this coiEs
try owes debt vi gratitude which will never be
repaid. because IL il unknown nearly forgotten.
One OF the greatest m-ortunes of Mexico was their
expulsion. Had they been permitted to remain and
been protected, all the northern part Of Mexico
would now be densely populated aud safe from the
1ncursions OF the savages, who carrying death
desOahon and destruction to the very heart of the
republic. Nearly two hundred years ago the Jesuits
commenced their establishments in the north, which
was then unknown TO the white population In the
year 1886 Jesuit missionaries were first sent to
Soaora aud California. Missions were established
and along the east coast in tue gait to point about
the junction Of the ella With The Colorado. On the
eastern side OF the guilt along the cosst OF Sinalo
and Sonora 10 the mouth of the ella, missions were
Also established; aad from the ella score
OF the same establishments extended east to
San Antonio in Texas. 1t may safely be
said that at least fifty thousand Indians
were baptized by the missionary Jusuits on this
frontier III the eigbiytvo years Of the existence of
these missions, These regions were rapidly becom-
lpg civilized. and populated with q quiet, orderly
and industrious race of people, under the care aud
guidance OF their spiritual and temporal directors.
But, by decree of the King Of Spain, In 1867 the
Jesuits bapi-hed from all the Spanish dominions
N al quarters Of the world; consequently, the ms
slonarles Of California aud sonora &c had to abau.
don their field operations Missionaries of the order of
San Francis relieved them of their charge in Calif,r
MA; but, as an old Italian Jesuit writes Of saem
they soon abandoned the country.
We do not kno~, says he how long bey DELAYED be
fore going but the only Information them j. r,
letters received in Mexico at that time which lay
scarcely had Inc missionaries with Their osa
eyes mat California was not what they imagine than they
abandoned the missions and peninsula and retu ned
their converts declaring t1at the county uniuhab
table and the euts ought thank the king for haynx
Withdrawn them from so much misery"
The monks OF Santa Cruz, in Queretaro, took (
charge OF IT, missions ct Sonora aud to the east of
IT, but they graouaiy declineJ, and fDay aban-
doned u Is some Of the remains Of these establish
ments OF the JesUits which travellers encounter on
their routes from Texas IT, California; and these
1orsooth, are called Aztec rios, built of adobe or
unburned brick at places dist more than thou
sand miles from the border of the Aztec empire.
There Is . common erroneous Impression in the 1
United States that the Jesuits occupied the country
known as Upper California, and founded its mis-
sions. A few dates will set this right. Before the
expulsion OF the Je-uit all the country 10 the north
OF the Bay Of Cortes, or vermillon Sea, Or Gulf of
California, called California. No missions or e,.
Establishments Of any kind existed north of San Diego
But after the yesr 1867 new missions were formed
IN New California name now given TO what is
now called Upper California After the San Fran
On c,ufu fo1 fIxa,~
Domnicsns were sent from Spain to take charge of
all the country. The mission If San Francisco was
established on the 18th Of September, 1876, one
hundred years before decar alton Of
and even before tnat date pr,sidio of soldiers vas
stationed there. The mission ut Santa Clara was
founded on the 18th January l777; aud in November
OF The same year they commenced the town OF San
Jose OF Guadalupe, In the district OF the mission for
the residence exclusively, Of Spaniards, or white
population. SO much for tue truth of history.
It must not be supposed that the Jesuts were to
pc t0uhd only III the north OF Mexico Their estab-
Lshments were in the heart of the country almost
century before the missionaries common ed their
lab0rs In California. Churches, colleges, academies
npranes and novl'iates we're to be found in Puebla
Mexico, Durango, aud other provinces At the time
o. 0eT expulsion, the pest library la the capital
belonged to them. II is supposed 10 be the BEST at
this time, also This OF San tdeonso not restored
to them: When they were expelled, the Jesuts
prided themselves on this beautiful library. Their
first college ia this city was that Of Ssa
Peiro aud san Pablo. 70 this vas afterwards
no0oo. IN 1910, the college of Sac ldef nsO, where
the library wss established. As the revenue.
OF this university were at that early perioi
moro than $4,000 annually, the library was
much improved. But il il Singular faot that these
honest padres forgot in their statement Of their
property, To ment on their income, which would be
2 large item, even 1T this day. Afterwards the !
lbrx was much enriched by donations. When
this foundation passed into the haads OF the govern
ment, In 1857, = eataiogue of the books Add manu-
scripts Wa carefully prepared, but which cannot
DOW be found, and 1t IL supposed It was sent 70 :
spain. The library met the same fate ~ the other
property Of its founders Che government, being : .
very hostile to the Jssuts attributed TO them rather
leoseness in their morals, and, surprising the
library tn be filed with ieprooer books named a
c0mAsslon to expurga;e the she,es and Ora wers Of .
~ suspicious works This was the irst calamity
that be4si the collection rhe next was that . h,dy
o. soldiers called the Flemish regi neut occupied =
The college, and the books were shut I'm In " ,re