The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1853-12-07

States VIII whsnevsra proper occasion occurs. BE- ap
TIE condition Of China. at this time. renders il p,oh
able that important changes will occur thsi va
empire, which will lead to unrestricted int course
wilh A. The commissioners 10 that county, who la.
been recently appointed. Is Instructed 10 avail himself N
all occasions TO open and extend commercial rels
toas not only with the empIe OF China, bu, with other
Ia 1851. an expedition sent to Jarsn under,,..
command OF Commodore Perry. for the purpose 0t opxn
ing commercial intercourse with that Island ln,eesnc,
has been received OF his arrival tbec and oil his hay
made known to the Emperor Of Japan the object Of his
VISIT but it s not yet ascerancd how lar the Emperor
vail be disposed abandon his restrictive policy and
open iha, porooos country 10 commercial inereou,e
Il has been my earnest desire to maintain frsndlyiu
'e'course with the governments upon this continent, and
themselves Win Mexico, dispute has arisen a. 10
the boundary line between territory OF New
Mexico aud The Mexican Stale of Chihnshua A iorms,
commissioned Of the United Siates employed in running
that line pursuant to the treaty OF Guadalupe hdaIxc
made serions mistake in determining The initial point
the RIO Grande but, inasnucn his decision was
clearly departure from the directions for tracing the
boundary contained IN that treaty, and OF concnrred
IN by The surveyor appointed the part OF the United
States whose concurrence necessary to give validity
10 that decision this government is net concluded
thereby but thai OF Mexs1 lakes different view OF the
subject
There also other questions OF considerable naxni
tnde pending between ihs Two republics. Our minister
Mexico has ample instructions 10 adjust them Nrgo.
tiaOns have been opened bu, sufficient progress has not
been made therein 10 enable speak oil the probable
result Impressed with the Importance Of maintaining
amicabtc relations with that republic, and oil yeialEg
with liberaity 70 all her just cias it is reasonable TO
xpect that arrangement mutually satisfactory to both
countries may bp concluded. and lasting friendship be-
tween them confirmed and peryetuaied
Congress havssg provided fur U masi0n to the
Staies OF Central America. minister ihher in
Jnl last Al set he has had time vsit only one Of
hese states (Nicaragua where he received in the
most friendly Il is hoped that his presence and
good otfices will have benign effect in composing the
ds,ensons which prevail among them. and in ESTABLISH.
item respectively, and between each oil them and the
United States
Considering the regions Of this continent and the
number OF which would b. made accessible by The
free Navigation OF the river Am4zon. particular attention
has hssn gwen 10 this subject. 3 az through whose
into the ocean, has hitherto persisted
policy restrictive, regard 10 the OF this river
as obsruet, and nearly exclude. foreign commercial
intercourse wh the states lie upon ulut4ies
and upper branches. Our minister 10 HAT country
slructed to OBTAIN relaxation Of that policy. and
his ,Hor,s TO induce the Brazilian government open TO
common USE under proper safaxuaids tins great natural
highway ioT International trade Several 0f the south
American states deeply interested 10 this attempt 10
eeue the Tree navigation OF the Amazon, and II
sonaUic to expect their corporation in the As
The advantages OF tree commercial intercourse among
nai'ons better understood. liberal views
generally entertained the rights Of oil TO
the free use OF those means which has provided
TOR International communication 10 these more liberal
and enli views II is hoped that iii will con.
form her pocy, aud remove ali unnecessary restrictions
upon the free OF river, which so many
states and large part OF the continent am happy
to inform yoa that the republic OF Paraguay and the Ar
genuine Confederation have yielded TO the liberal policy
s'Iil resisted BY Brazil regard 10 the navgaDle rivers
whin their respective territories Treaties embracing
this subject among others have bsen negotiated with these
governments, which will be submitted to The Senate at
the present session.
Anew brancn of commerce, important to the sgricul-
'ura interests OF the Unied State has. within few
years past heen opened with Peru Notwithstanding ihe
Inc deposiis OF upon tins islands OF that
country considerable difficulties experienced in OBJ.
tanning The requisite supply. Measures have been taken
10 remove these diihcuties, and To abund
ant importation OF tbs article. Unfortunately, thesa has
been serious collision between citizens. who have
resoed 10 The Chlncha islands for IT, and the Peruvian
autborities stationed there Redress fog the ouraGes.
committed BY the laer, promptly demanded by
minister at Lima This subject under consdefa-
on. and there TO believe that Peru disposed
10 odef adequate indemnify 10 the aagrieved parties.
We thus not only peace with all foreign coun.
'rle., but in regard political AFFAIR.", exempt from
any Cause OF serious disquislude IN our domestic Iea
tons
The ersies. which have sgitaed the country
heretofore. paselng away with the which pro-
duced them and the psssions which they had awakened
or II any trace OF them remains, it may be reasonably
ooed that il viii only be perceived in the jealous nvs
~ OF all good testify their respec, for The
nights OF the States, their devotion the Union and their
common determination that each OF the States, its
ins,i uons, welfare, and It's domestic peace shall DO
held alike secure under the sacred eggs OF the consu
ton.
lhls new raaue OF amy ana Oh mot0St commence
and support, into which the people Of the republic have
entered, happily affords indacenent and opportunity
the adoption oi comprehensive and unem barrAs
sed line OF policy aud action, the material in
seress OF the country whether regarded in themselves
or m coanexon with the pos OF the civilized world
The Uaised States have continued sraiusv and s'ead-
lily expand, through acquisitions OF territory. which.
bow much soever some OF them may have been CUES.
toned, now universally admitted to have
been wise in policy just character and great element
IN the advancement OF country and with H. OF the
NM ku.,
he thirteen States have gown TO he tbIr,y with
relations reaching 10 Europe the siJe and the
Other to the diatant realms OF Asia.
| am deeply senslbie OF the immense responsibility
which the present magnitude Of the republic, and The d.
versiiy and multpcay OF lie interests, devoves upon
the alienation Of which, 40 far as relates the
immediate conduct OF the public bus,ncss is hrs, my
reliance on the wisdom and patriotism OF the Hou,ss
OF Congress and. secondly, IN The directions afforded
me By The principles OF public poIIty, affirmed ny our
fathers OF the epoch Of l7ys. sanctioned BY long expe
snce and coDs-craed BY the whelmIng voice
of The people Of the United States
Recurring 10 these princIpss which constitute the
game bass Of unson, perceive that. the
tonc ions and tie dates OF the federal vested
M or entrusted 70, lis three great departments the egs
'atyr, executive. ADD JUDICIAL yet the substantive powe,
the popular force, aud the Iasse Capacities social
aud material development. the respective Sises,
which, all being 81 themselves well constituted repub
lics, las they ecsded. they alone capable OF
maintaining and pcfpe,uaiag, the American Union The
ird~fa government has rs appropriate line OF action N
The specific and limited powers conferred II by the
consultation, chiefly 10 those t,,nss in which the
States have interest in their re'asio.a
ano,her and to foreign sovesnmsniS; while tie great
Of interests which belong 70 selsvsaed nea, ths
dnary suADess oil HE, the springs Of industry, al he
diversified persona and domestic s1sifs Of socisy. sa
securely AEON the general reserved powers OF the people
ot several States Tbere il he ~ eve dernoeraev