The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-07-04

26 636 OF unimpr0vab1e, 8 isl OF land covered
with water, s,sl4 Of land used for roads, $685.
The number Of horses, 597l; Of oxen four years old
and upwards, 1866 of COWS three years oldand up
wards IL ,s92 steers and heifers one year old and
upwards, 2,663 sheep six months old and upwards,
1874; swine six months old and upwards, 7,l62;
mules and asses one year old and upwards, Is.
These figures exhibit the state of things toward the
close of the year 1850, and they allowing for In
in certain cases, afford tolerably accurate
picture OF the existing condition OF affairs. There
has been, no doubt, fair increase in agricultu-
raj industry and articles, but not so large as in
manufacturing industry and productions. Exact
correctness, up to the very hour that we
may be writing, is, humanity speaking, altogether
unattanable
Ofleading agricultural articles, tho productions of
Essex were as follows in lS50-lndlan corn, l63 ,03l
bushels; oats, 81 l53; rye, 20462 barley 10, lG0;
wheat lsSS; hay 81 900 TONS eGo potatoes iaoqus
ter (about 700 900 pounds; cheese (about) 200 900
pounds. Beside these, there raised in the coun
ty:-Hops, garden seeds, mustard, wool. milk eggs,
poultry beef pork, wood, cranberres beans, honey,
beeswax, all kinds OF esculents, garden vegetables,
&C.. &c. The fruit Of Essex is not to be beaten in
Massachusetts, aud there is no exhibition here that
is complete without specimens from 1t. The genius
of old Governor Endcott probably watches over this
fruit it should seem; and there is yet standing and
in tolerabe preservation, pear tree, planted by him
in 1852, not less than 22l years ago. 1t ism what's
called Danversport, part OF the very fine and I'M
commonly prosperous town Of Danvers. 1t Was
brought over from England in 1889, and resembles
variety of the BON creten. IT Is, perhaps, the old
est fruit tree in the United States unless there should
be exceptions in the early Spanish settlements
in Florida or in Virginia, which is not very likely to
be the case. The Phritans were fond Of good things
of material kind like pious people in general; and
they planted orchards and gardens in Massachusetts
with the same promptitude that they created
churches and pillories; and handled the spade
with the same vigor that they welded the
cato-nine- tails-that apt emblem of their idea of
both physical and spiritual government. II ever
you come this way, you must gather lew specl-
of the fruit OF the Endicott pear tree, for it is
something to be able to say that has eaten fruit
from tree planted and nursed by those hands
which cut the cross from the British flag and showed
such contempt for British supremacy, almost a GEN.
fury and half before the battle Of Lexington. To
be sure, any one can say so-but mean with truth.
The number of cotton factories In Essex, in 1850,
was fifteen, with 1876 ,65S spndles, and capital Of
$3.50 424 Six OF the factories about twothlrds OF
the capital, and almost onehalf the spndles, were
at Newburyport. Salem had then one factory, with
$i9l 500 capital, and 3276S spindcs. Lawrence
had two factories, with 1876 1920 capital, and 25 0S8
spindles. Methuen had two factories. Bedford,
Rockport, Ipswich, and Salisbury had one each.
The number Of woollen factories was twenty-five,
and their value 1929, 900. Lawrence had three
factories, valued at $456 900; Andover had seven
valued at 1922 900. Amesbury two valued
at $ls2 900. Salisbury two. valued at sl6l 900.
the capital was $4,000, that of the former was but
$4,000. Hamilton, Haverhill, Ipswich, and Linn
field had one, each, their aggregate capital being
S24 900. There were two linen factories at An
dover, appraised at sl25 000 and one at Groveland
appraised at $4,000 There was paper mill at
Middleton, with capital Of SIS 000 and a bleachery
at Danyers, capital 100000.
Large quantities of cordage are made in Essex
County in the towns of Beverley Essex, Gloucester
I Morblotnnad Nauhnrv NawhurvpOrt and ga
lem There were, three years since twentyfour rope
walks in operation, with capital little short of
$780, 900. Marblehead is the principal seat of this
business, having five manufactures, one of which
has capital OF SIS ,OOO
Beside these businesses there are rolling mills
copper brass, and iron foundries, machine shops,
&c. Of lesser articles made there are hats, caps
saddles, harness, trunks, vehicles of all kinds from
railroad cars to chdrens carriages. tin ware combs
boots and shoes by tens of thousands Of pairs leather
Goldfish oil, bricks, mechanics tools, potters ware,
building stone, lumber, carriage springs and axle
trees, horse collars and Winkers carriage bows, cast
ing furnaces, pumps of every kind, chairs, barrels,
cabinet ware, axes bar iron anchors chain cables,
britannia ware, backing, brooms, glue, shoe pegs,
lasts blinds and sashes earthen ware, snuf cigars,
fish casks, timber, tacks and avis, musical instru-
ments, upholstery work, stockings, chocolate,
hinges confectionery, talors crayons, suits OF oil
clcth thermometers watches. gold and silver
ware. shoe thread, jewelry, Irvine, straw bonnets,
and hats palIn-leaf hats, domestic CLOTH isingass,
OF brewers there are 3, distilleries 4, tanneries
1885, grist mills 54 fulling mills IL and 81 saw mills.
There also mills for the grinding Of spice, cocoa,
chocolate and coffee, and for wool picking. There
preparations for the preparation of gums (this last
fact put down for the especial benefit of politi-
cians) and for the manufacture of paper hangings.
Seamen's bats are made in some places and in
others books are bound. Everybody is employed in
some way, and so everybody manages to have pref
ty comfortable time Of it, Some people dig clans
and Ipswich, Rowley, and Essex, have fishermen Of
the kind, if | may 80 call them, worthy to preside
or out of Rhode Island, which is the clam State.
Others catch Holsters. Yet others gather drift
and mud for manure. In some places they cure fish
that were caught by vessels belonging to other
places. Some people keep school, work on farms,
make shoes. write FOR the newspapers and go to sea,
land would go a-missionarying if they were to re-
ceive "a calIo all in the same year. Speaking OF
newspapers, there are many published IN Essex
county-in Salem, in Haverhill, in Lynn, in Newbu-
ryport and in Gloucester there are very good jour-
mails published, and the Boston papers circulate
largely all over the county; but the favorite
journal in Essex is the New YORK HERALD
Essex is the third county in the State in the mat
ter ofshippng. In 1850, Suffolk had 3O0,sO4 tons,
Bristol 1851 TONS and Essex 70 ,6l9 tons. The pre-
pondersnce Of Bristol Essex is due solely to tho
great whaling business Of New Bedford, which port
alone had 1927 tons in 1850, which has since been
increased The Oldest port OF Massachusetts proper
great commercial mportance-sen sending her ships to
Africa and South America, to China and India; but
all that is changed, or most Of it, and the on
tique town which bad q name before American
whaling was dreamed of has not much more than a
third OF the amount Of tonnage that belongs TO New
Bedford, that parreniC concern, which has 'bobbed
tor whale to some purpose during the last thirty
years. NewbuIyport comes next to Salem in ship
ping, then Gloucester then Beverley, then Marble
head Newbury, Rockport, and Lynn. Much of this
shipping Is employed in some branch OF the fisheries.
Gloucester alone having upwards OF two hundred YES
sells engaged in that business. The fish taken are
Goldfish mackerel, bake and scale fish, halibut, had
dock, pollock, and whales. So you see that the
threat Of that very excellent but rather crusty ind
vidua Mr.. John Bull, to treat as he treated the
Dutch 30 long ago--to carry himself toward our fish
ermen sir he did towards the herring catchers Of
Hollands joke Of the very gravest kind, and one
Ike to be ola pre- emnently practical character to
all who shall be concerned in it. They used to say
that Amsterdam was founded on herring bones, so
largely the prosperity Of that great mart due to
the skill and enterprise Of its people in one branch
IT fishing and certain 1t is that this county Of Es
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