The weekly Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1852-1855, 1853-11-03

S's"N9S WIN winch lbe lhsOry OF free irhas
Is perpetuaiIy urged 10 some quarler., on,
J might suppose ihotit was thought that the
cardinal interest Of the eonntry lay 10 mere
exchanging Of merchandise. On the con.
trary, ofthe three great wheels Of nAtion a
prosperity, Agriculture Is the main one
Manufacture second, and Trade is the last
The cardinal in crest Of this and every c1un-
Try is, and always must be Production. ].
ls not trafiie, but labor alone, that con serts
the resources Of the country into wealth.
fhe world has yet 10 see any State become
great by mere trade. II has seen many be.
come SO by the exercise of industry.
Where there are diversified resources a nd
industry is applied to only few staples,
three great interests are neglected, viz: nat
ural resources, which are left unimproved,
labor that Is LETT unemployed, and internal
exchanges, which a diversity OF Industry
would render necessary. The foreign COM
merce, which ia based on such narrow
system Of production, obHges the nation to
sell its staples al prices reduced by competi.
ton in foreign markets; aud to bug fabrics
at prices established by monopoly 10 the
same markets.
This false economy crowds the culture Of
the few staples with excessive indnstry:;hus
rendering labor dependent at home, while Il
brings the whole Da.iou, tributary TO the mo-
nopolizing manufacturer abroad. When all,
or any ofthe nations OF Europe shall as we'll
rs ourselves be found successfully compet-
ing with England ih manufactures. then and
not till then, will the free trade she roconi.
mends, be as wise for others, a. she nov in.
sists. But when that time shall come, /
venture to predict that En- gland will cease TO
| inculcate that dogma. The importance OF
maintaining such policy as will result in
diversified application of industry, seems to
rest on these impregnable grounds,viz LIST
That the use Of indigenous materials does
not diminish, but on the contrary, increases
the public wealth. Cd. That Society is con-
stituted SO, that individuals voluntarily clas-
sify themselves in all, and not 10 a few, de.
partments ofindustry, by reason Of a dis.rib-
utive congenialily OF tastes and adoption OF
powers; and that while labor so distributed
is more profitable, the general contentment
and independence ofthe people is secured
and preserved, and their enterprize is slim
ulated and sustained think It must be
confessed now, by all candid observers,
gitlin our country, that manufactures have
become IL degree the exclusive employ
IIileut vi InS CiIlkSsS VI tIle Dt5ItTu gOLdLBSs
and yet they are precariods, and compara-
tive.y Improbable, because our own pat
Ironage. so generously discriminating in ia
vor OF European manufactures, enables them
to make the desired fabrics sometimes at
less cost. That the citizens Of the Middle
and Western States, are confined chiefly to
the raising Of staple breadstuffs, for which,
while they have great excess above the
home consumption, resulting from the neg
lect of domestic manufactures, they find a
market almost oTer-stocked with similar pro-
ductions; raised in countries, as peculiarly
agricultural as our own: and that the citi-
zens of the Southern States, restrict them.
selves chiefly TO the culture of cotton
of which, practically, they have the
mcnopoly; that the annual enlargement oil
the cotton culture, tends to depress its price
and that they pay nigre dearly for the fab
RIGS, which they use; than would be neees
sary if our own manufactures could better
maintain competition, with those of Bu-
rope.
These Inconvenience would indeed be.
come intoerable evils, If they were not
compensated in some measure by the great
increase of wealth resulting from the i'm.
migration IF foreign labor; and for the es-
tablishment of a new and prosperous gold
trade between the Atlantic States and Cal
ifornia.
Why should those inconveniences be en-
dured! Certainly not because we do mol
know that they are unnecessary. We jeal.
ously guard our culture of Dreadstutfs and
sugar against the competition Of the foreign
farmer and planter in our own markets.
Practically our gold mining is equally pro-
tected. We also give and exclusive pref
erence in our internal commerce to our own
shipping. No one questions the advantage
of these great departments of production
BUTT is not easy to see how the equally
successful opening of other domestic resour-
ces should not be equally beneficial
Why should it be less profitable to supply
ourselves with copper, iron, glass and paper
from our own resources, and by our own in
dustry, than it is 20 supply ourselves in the
same way with flour, sugar and goldl Why
should it not be as economical to manufac-
ture our own cotton, wool, iron and gol as
! it is to manufacture our own furniture,
wooden clocks and shipsi If mining and
manufactures generally were not proftab lie
in England they would not be prosecuted
there. Ifthey are profitable there; they
would be profitable here.
You reply that manufacturing labor is
cheaper there. Yes because YOU leave it
there. Ify you offer inducements it will
come here, just as freely as agricultural Ia
Dor now comes. The ocean is reduced to a
ferry. Ifyou must depend on foreign skill
for fabrics, pray you bring that Skill here,
where you can sustain it with greater econ
omy.
The advocates of dependence on foreign
manufacturers, tel us that it is well to sell
gold and buy iron, as it would be to sell iron
to buy gold. reply, lst; That to the ex-
tent of our necessary consumption; having
exhaustless resources and adequate industry
or ability to procure it, we ought to buy ne-
ther. Cd. When Boulton, the associate Of
the great Watt, showed his iron manufacto-
ry, he said, al sell here what all men are
anxious to buy, Power" 1t has been prov
ed that nation may sell gold for iron with
out gaining power, as manya nation has
bought iron without securing it. But it is
clear, that the nation that makes its own
iron creates its own power.
1t seems to be understood by the advo-
oates offoreign manufactures here, that only
those branches languish, which have not
sufficient vigor to be brought to maturityi
by never so much protection. This is opposed
to the experience of all mankind. The re is
not in France or in England, successful
culture or manufacture that has not been
made SO by the application of natural pro-
faction and patronape, The manufacturers