The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-05-05
The Enrn,ers, Grub.


PERUVIAN CONGREGATIONAL AND OREGON TREES
PORTO RICO PEAs-ExcITISG CUANo AND BONE
MANURE CONTROVERSY, Ere.
The weekly meeting this society held last Tues
day at their regular hour, Judge Livingston in the
chair. On the table exhibited specimen Of she Ia
tive clover Of Peru which grows III ths. country about
lima celebrated Tor the peeuarites of It's climate,
Fever rains blows there TO the height Of six feet
The plant exhibited grown in of Mr. Neiys
the Secretary, from seed which vas planted three years
sgo and had this spring gGowp up to tie height OF twenty
orc inches The Secretary observed that It a valus
bic sort Of grass, which cattle fed with much eager
ness, ard in its native country cut five times sue
cesivey green fodder Some specimens OF plants sent
from California by Dr. Fitch were likewise exhibited con-
sisting of the evergreen cherry the gall nut, OF in
size, and bay and fruit, with interesting
comm unication the native trees OF California and
Oregon, Of which the following is an abstract -
Among the trees Of California the oaks pines and red
wood are most fequent The oaks are found the villa
ges the lowest elevations While the pines and red
woods crown the lofty hills AID f. nge the sides Of
the ountain tops Along The rivers and on the low
ash, alder, poplar, plains or buttonwood, &c. In
other localities found the horse chestnut, of two
three varieties the ~ Of several kinds, arboryta
hemlock msdfona torryn, bay evergreen cherry, &c.
MANY kinds OF oak have been enumerated bat the follow
ing have been only met with viz the white, red ever
greea, long acon and The hruoDy These trees do not
through the villages and scattered the halls ia
cur eieIn oak openings standing out Ike vas Orchards
and resembling extended apps orchard. This dece )
ton is the complete from the quantity OF large gall
nuts Of The trees and which when
fresh re,eDbe apples both 10 their external appear
alc IL tie inviting juicy pulp which they present when
clt ouep. Persons sometimes tempted e them
but their astIingent acrude at dgusts the palate
o. the pine there four kinds all lofty trees, bearing
o. immense size, from ten TO fourteen inches 10
length three OF these confined to the mountain
gons two OF hem producing nuts ard afordiDg
gar The gum Is considered very alutary for coughs and
pulmonary complaints The 6r grows 10 immense size
u Ogonnine and ten feet il diameter, and sometimes
20 hundred and fifty feet high-inoeed rome have
been found between four AID five hundred feet in height
These have required centuries attain their present
holiness The timber Of both California and Oregon is
however Of inferior kind and some Of the trees
" The maToLa, x0cd, bay, the t)yi ana the ever
ere cherry, peculiar 20 the former State.
specimen q the pigeon pea Of Porto Rico was like
wise exhibited. ard a nupeation from AIR Archt.
bald the subject BY the secretary The pigeon
iea is easy plant TO cultivate aud VIII grow in
nus swanpy situation It does not require any ca Is
whatsoev. bring reflection attaias the hci int
q tive 70 six feet, and produces most abundant
crop oi very nutrgoaf and pleasant ting rsa The
stem Is about the thickness Of ordin Try
wis which the branches diyrge, thickiy covered
Nnh peehe pods. containing from four 70 i've peas Of
light brown color. This plant bears 10 about eg months
irOn the time Of paintings 1t Is sometimes applied as
MANURE and when used tor this purpose pApted very
close AZ the expiration Of three months it i pougaed
into the land forming ar excellent green dressing tor
bausted coils Some idea may perhaps, be formed OF the
productive power Of this plant from the fact that two
bundled and forty negroes were sustained what
thiIty three yielded, for nine months, upon the
estate Of the Late Lord Iranston in The island Of st.
Kits
some Other interesting papers ke read by the
secretary when the meeting proceeded with the sube,
unasr discufsion namely -
ARTIFICIAL NANUREs.
Judge VAN WICK entered extensively ao the different
sorts Of artificial manu1es particularly the phospnaes
and the MODES Of resting them with acids laid dos
by leoig and other chemists lnstead q dissolvng
bones with and nurats acids he preferred the
steamng process which had been proven by practice
could produce far greater crops than By the If the
superphosphste Of lime Bones thus prepared had pro
duced greater crops had been stated in agricultural
paper published 10 England, than could be produced
either BY the OF the phate of guano He
attributed the inferior efficiency oil the last manure TO
the fact that did reach this country in pure state
b4t kqg adj rate in Ihr i'm
ported likewise dete ioraed by the rain and age To
tbe time u the Indians who first taught the Spanards
the use OF this article II was always used fresh and then
its results sere from two TO three hundred fold.
Professor MAPS said that the subject mad been already
discussed at he last meeting and therefore did think
u worth While to 20 over II again II was well known By
the English farmers that bones made soluble lfty
cent more profitable than the unpfeparei The
steam ing pocess was no new discovery for IL had long
been used for the extraction Of geatne nstanced in
Pepn digestor but what tie farmers required the
phosphate Of lime which remained after the gestine was
extracted and they had found that It was cheaper for
then TO buy the phosphate already manufactured than
the bones unprepsred NO comparison could be instituted
between the two mstbodshey had been tested and
again. and the superphosphate had been found ty
times more economical than the bones unpreparei II
only needful to read the agricultural paper. pub.
shed in Great Britain TO find that the Of acids for
dissolving bones almost universasuch compounds
found by experience to be far superior to steanng
soLoS ROBINSON denied that suano could have de
teriofs ted from the rain IL veil kno fact that
il raned in Peru II It had not been for the inro
ducton Of guano the eastern part Of Virginia would long
ago have been depopulatd and have returned
Its original forest conditon-nohDg else could have
stopped 1t from entire cestruction This had been done
by the Of guano aud he therefore was in favor OF
that manure, - well Of the phosphate and super
phosphate and improved superphosphate Of lime To
use the bones unprepared would be step back ward;
II would be Ike returning TO the employment Of hand
mills, when steam and water mills bad driven them Out
Of use.
Judge VAN WYcK maintained his former observations
and observed that there appeared to be wish on the
part OF the two members who had Just replied to him TO
peak from Interest," motives, they dealt the ar
cies alluded 10.
Considerable warmth VAS exhibited, ard Professor
NArT rose and denied tho right Of TIE Judge to impu,e
nerceDary motives 70 him. He did not care auythlug
about The matter and had ledly wished the su6ec
un Ter consideration to be dropped.
Judge VAN WICK, although several times called 10 or
der persisted in mairtanif that neTestcd motives had
led the two individuals alluded 20 20 express their senu
ments.
SoIoN RonwsoS denied that he 10 any way interest
I'd in the sale Of guano.
After much disputiuR, Judge N1os the Sesretary To-
terefed dator and It settled tina. the subject
OF artificial manures should be finished, and M
prorosed
% he motion OF DR.. CarHcu Il was agreed that she
subject for the next fortnghts meeting he time fixed
for The weekly logs had expired sh0ald be The IN
Troyemen, a Sandy SOILS
some doubts expressed az 20 whether T. would no
e chcuit 10 AVOID tie rex 81 artlhcal nE0Crs Eth
sEGtrF amorP -.e fance.