davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30
SIC.

DY virtue of an order of the Probate Court
y Of Yazoo County, viii, as administrator
of the estate Of Moses Ellison decd, expose to
public sale, to the highest bidder, between tho
hours of II and 2 P. M., on
Saturday, the l6th day ef April
at the premises, the following described tract
Of Land, in Yazoo county, to-wit The s0u.h-
east quarter of section II, and northwest quar-
ter Of northeast quarter, section 2os east half
of northwest quarter, and west half % NORTH
east quarter, section q, township H. range
east.
Terms Of sale; credit Of 10 months from
the day Of sale Bond and approved security
required from the purchaser.
JAMES a. HARRISON
Administrator Of Moses
March 2, IS53.-tds. Ellison, deco
---o77N0- 4 small diamond Breast-pin.-
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30
THE STATE OF mTssrssTPPr.
AZOO UNITY.
Samuel Friedla'ller } YAzOO CrRctIr COURT,
VS..
John g Rosenberg. } November Term, 1852
ATTACHMENT FOR G221 20


FHNHIS day came the Plaintiff by his Attor-
A ney, and il appearing to the satisfaction of
the Court, that the Attachment in this case has
been returned into Court by the Sheriff of va
zoo county duly exected. Therefore il rs cor
sidercd by the Court, that unless the said De-
fendant appear in proper person or by some
Attorney Of this Court at the next term OF this
Court, at a Circuit Court to be holden at the
Curt House in Yazoo city, in and Cor the cour-
ty of Hazoo. on the first Monday after the lth
Monday Of April next, A. ID. 1853, and an
swer or demur to the complaint of said Plain
tiff, judgment by default final will be entered
up against him for the full amount of Plaintiffs
demand, together with all legal interest and
costs, and the property attached will be sold.
And 1t Is ordered BY the Court that publica-
ton of this order be made in the Yazoo Dem
ocrat' newspaper published in the town of
Yazoo city, State of Mississippi, for four sue
cessiVe weeks
ATTEST: GLIB. BARNES, Clerk.
March 80, 1s53-2I-4w.
Z. G. & g. B. WLKINsoN, Att'ys. for Plaintiff.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

OC= Rev. Mr.. Caskey will preach in the Pres
byterian Church on next Saturday night and on
next Sabbath at IL o'clock A. NJ.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

- 1t is stated that the work on the
Port Gibson and Grand Gulf railroad
was commenced on the 9th inst. A
large force is employed.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

q For the last few days the Cotton
market at this place has been quite
brisk, and receipts heavy. Prices are
firm.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30
ADVERTIs EmENTs.


z UST received fine lot of Silks. O-qqD9ier5
~ Bareges, " BriHiaHtS."
Also beautiful lot Of cBlJroideries, Ribbons
and trimmings. J. HEARD & co.
March 30, ISJ3-2I-3w.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

or If ]. P. Baily, P. O'Donnel, NJ. Malone.
r. K. Williamson and ]. Fl. Weslng, will con-
sent to serve as selectmen for first ward, they
will be supported by MANY VOTERS.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

IMPROVEMENT IN DAGUERREoTYP,Ne.- Charles
ton papers state that daguerrean artist of that
city has recently made an important discovery
or improvement in the art of taking pictures
Tt is process of enameling-applied after the
picture is taken-by which the impression is
permanently secured, and protected from the
action of fire, water, or contact of any kind
Thus protected, the daguerreotype needs no
glass. in framing, and it may be transmitted,
without injury, by mall to any distance. Ifthis
is true, great addition has been made to the
value Of the daguerreotype.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30


TORNADO AND Loss OF LIrE.-We learn from
passengers up on the Southern Belle that on
Monday about II O'clock there was a fearful
Tornado in the vicinity of Grand Gulf The
Belle was about 10 miles below Grand Gulf
size is new and saunch built beat, but the
storm was violent that great apprehension
was felt by those on board for her safety At
one time she was blown agrouod and very
yearly capsized. The chimneys Of the steamer
Eastport were blown down, and the vessel at
one time was in great peril. The Wiarboat
at Grand Gulf was completely demolished, and
several buildings in the town blown down Mr..
Luther, the telegraph operator at Grand Gulf.
was crushed by the fal ofthe wharfboat, while
sitting al dinner, and died short time there
afer. Mr. Keith in the employ of Mr.. J. II.
Crump, was also seve rely injured at the same
time, and il is supposed is now dead. Several
other persons were badly injured, and one man
is reported missing. As the telegraph line
below is broken down we can get no later news
or details, but from the report given US, it must
have been terrific hurricane, and may have
extended Gown the river some distance; if so,
We may yet hear Of greal devastation. Natchez
Las been severely Sc urged by tornados, hut we
hope that the recent one did not extend so far
down EchsJgrg Wig
c. The above was the principal extent of
injury sustained from the storm, on the river.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

CO. We are authorised to announce WILL
IAN HOWSON as candidate for Assessor
at the ensuing election
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

EXTRACT FROM 'PRIzE TALE"-Beautifully ly
gorgeous was the sunset sky: the last notes of
the summer birds fell upon the ear as they re
tired to their resting places in the green forest,
and everything whispered Of love, as l stood
with my love in beautiful garden, regaled by
the odor of a thousand flowers. Gently drew
my arm around her delicate waist, and was about
to imprint kiss upon her lips, when she looked
at me saucily in the eyes, and with smile upon
her countenance, she said. Don't. and dontcd.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30
FIRST MONDAY I'D day) OF MAY NEXT.

FIRST MONDAY I'd day. OF NAY NEXT.
The Democrats of the several counties are res
pectfully urged to hold primary meetings to Sc
fect delegates at the earliest practicable period
Tt is important that there should be full refec-
fion of the sentiment of the entire party in the
Convention - MiSSiSsippia1s.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

INTERESTING SCRAP OF HIsToRY,-The Wash
ington correspondent of the Pennsylvania
sfsTeisihat during the proceedings at the colo
ni-arion meeting last week, Hon. Charles F.
Mercer stated, as an extraordinary fact, that
the act of Congress 1907, in relation to the
slave trade, provided that recaptured Africans,
whenever our Navy might overtake them,
should be taken into the nearest port of this
country, and there disposed of according to the
legislation of the State. Georgia passed law
that the captlves should be sold one half the
money to GO into the State Treasury, and the
other half to the captors. And this two under
pretext of abolishing the slave trade. Georgia
was asked to abate the law but she refused
Subsequently, however, law passed by Con-
grees to return such captives TO their native
land, and one hundred thousand dollars was
appropriated for carrying the law into effect.
Mr.. Monroe was at that time President of the
United States, and employed a gentleman to
superintend this humane plan; thus in effect
relieving the Colonization Society of the ex-
pense of an agent. So Mr.. Mercer insisted
that Mr. Monroe, in fact. established the first
Colony on the coast of Africa-Liberia-a
in honor and acknowledgement of this, the cap
ifal was called Monrovia
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

o It is reported that A. o. P. Mich
olson, of Tennessee, has been solicited
to take charge of the editorship of the
Washington Union.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

~ Ex-Gov. Williams of Maine was
found dead in his bed at Portland on
Thursday morning the 10th inst.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

q It seems that the late powerful
demonstration of the strength of the
democratic party, is being fully sustain
ed by later elections. In Buffalo, Ro-
chester, Auburn, Utica and Chicago, the
democrats have lately elected mayors
by maiorities unprecedented.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

CO 6. W. Dougharty, ]. c. Young. C. T.
Mann and A. Smith. are requested to become
candidates for Seectmen of Second Ward,
Nv RYANyv x-nTrpc ,,r Own NrApp
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

@J.s Byrne has been elected Mayor of
Vicksburg.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30
nemocrntic Sfafe Convention .

In accordance with custom. and with the GER
eral wish of the Democracy ia various portions
of the State, notice IS hereby given that thei
will be DEMOCRATIC STATE CONVEN-
TION held in the City of JACKSON, TO nomi
nate candidates for State Offices and for men,
Der of Congress for the State at large (or the en-
tire delegation the Governor of the State should
order the election by the general ticket system
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

~ The Mississippi river is falling
quite rapidly, we understand. The va
zoo at this point is very high, but it is
likewise falling.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30
& IT D D d M 0 c R A 7
PHILLIPS & PERKINS. ED1ron $.

Wednesday, Morning, March 80, 1868.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

REvoLT on BoRAD AN AMERICAN SHIP.-The
crew of the New Orleans ship the Globe. which
entered the port Of Havre on Saturday, rose in
revolt against the mate, Mr.. Hardy. and proceed
ed to attackhim with marlin-spikes He seized
one of those spikes to defend himself When
the fray was al its height, NJ. Laborde, master
tailor Of Havre, who had gone on board to soli-
cit orders, interposed. But just at that moment
Mr.. Hardy, in warding off bow, had the mis-
fortune to strike the tradesman on the head The
unfortunate man fell, and expired almost in
stantly. Medical men were sent, for, but all
they could do was to order the body to be con-
veyed to deceasel's residence. NJ. Hardy was
arrested, and lodged in goal. Galignani, l4th.
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30

WNOUND.-A small Diamond breast-pin.-
E Apply at this Office
March %, 1s53-lm,
The Yazoo Democrat., 1853-03-30
THE STATE or RfFssIssTPPT,

YAZOO NTY.
Robert Wright J YAzoo CIRCUIT CoURr,
VS..
William Farrell. ] November Term, 1852.
ATTACHMENT FOR G1SI 90
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08
Pl0nghS! PI0ughSti

The undersigned has recently
eS&sT-s established PLOUGH MAJ
a4sss.Assss .AssssSnR UFACTORY in New Iberia,
La, where he will make and keep constant
supply Of McDonough's Celebrated Improved
SUGAR PLOUGHS; and win furnish the
planters OF Attakapas and Opelousas at short
notice, and warrant entire satisfaction.
Planters sending orders will please state the
nature Of the soil, whether loose and sandy, or
stiff. Should trial be required, the proprietor
will take great pleasure in forwarding one to
the address named. He fatters himself that his
make of ploughs are far superior, both in shape
and materials, to any OF northern manufacture,
and will give better satisfaction. He win also
keep on hand a constant supply of his Improved
Fiukes, from No. to Nod a
s. W. McDONOUGH.
New-Iberia, Sept II, 1S52.-6m.
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08

As to the capital invested in iron ways
throughout the country. there is no
positive data by which the actual
amount can be ascertained, bat there
is q means of forming an estimate
upon which mnch reliance can be
placed. The railroads in operation at
the beginning of the present year may
be assumed from this statement to have
cost $438. 100000 which is wonder
fully small sum compared with the
cost of the same number of miles of
road in England, where the average
cost per mile is about 100000.
The longest continuous line of rail-
road in the world, and that in the con-
structiou of which the greatest natural
obstacles have been overcome. is that
which extends from the Hudson river.
through the southern counties Of New
York, TO Lake Erie. Its length is four
hundred and sixty-nine miles, and il
has branches of an aggregate addi-
tional length of sixty-eight miles
Nearly its whole course is through
region of mountains. The bridges by
which it is carried over the Deleware
and Susquehanna rivers and other
streams, and the viaducis upon which
il crosses the valleys that Intercept its
route, are among the noblest monu-
ments of skill to be found in our coun-
try. The most of these works are of
heavy masonry, but one of them is a
wooden bridge one hundred and eighty
four feet in height, and having bet one
arch, the span OF which is two hun
dred and seventy-6ve feet. Que of the
viaducts is 1900 feet long and l1O feet
high. The aggregate cost of this i'm
portant work was S23 $780, 900. and the
expense Of construction was S43, $50
per mile. The road was originally
suggested in 1929, company was or
ganlsed in 1882, surveys were made in
the same year, and operations were
began by grading part of the route
in 1893. 1t was finished in May. 1851,
and opened with great ceremony. for
travel aud transportation, in that month
The State advanced six millions of
dollars towards the work, and after
wards released the company from the
obligation to pay the loan II will thus
be seen that the execution of this great
improvement was pursued through nine
teen years, and it was not accomplished
without calling into reqnisition both
the resources of the State and the
means of her citizens.
Exchange paper.
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08
Superior Pumps.

THE undersigned having just received a
/ general assortment of superior Chain for
Pumps. takes this opportunity to inform the
public that they can supply all orders at the
shortest notice. On account of the perfect adap-
tation of these pumps to all liquids, the under
signed can safely say that they are superior to
all others in use, as they can never get out of
order. Those who desire to witness these
Pumps in operation can be fully satisfied of thei'
merits by calling at the subscribers shop, south
west corner of the Public Square. ..s
U They are also prepared to fill all orders
for Sash, Blinds, and the usual routine of
carpenters shop. str.
N B-AIl orders addressed to the under
signed will receive prompt and strict attention.
BENSON q HATCHER.
Franklin, Oct. %, 1852--6m. 4-ls-,..r-
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08
Carriage Mandatory & Repairing.

The subscriber has removed his
zEB9 shop to the new building on Nam
Assa street, nearly opposite the saw mill of
Capt. Gates where he will at all times be pre-
pared TO execute with neatness and despatch all
work instrnsted TO him, .....,-5 - .....l.
His stock Of materials is complete and well
selected, and he has in his employ workmen Of
experience in the several branches OF the busi-
ness,
Thankful for the liberal patronage heretofore
extended to him by the citizens Of ST. Mary, the
subscriber hopes, By diligent attention to his
business, good workmanship and very moderate
charges, to merit It's continuance.
THOMAS MARTIN.
Franklin, July 10, 1852.
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08

Certificate Of Joseph Benson. Painter.
have used the Bridgewater Paint for the past
FIVE months on brick and plastered buildings;
and on tin, shingle and canvass roofs, and in
every instance it has given the fullest satistac-
ton. From tests and experiments made undcr
my Immediate direction, | can testify to its being
proof against effects of sparks and cihders, and
protection against leaks. consider it far suPe
rior to any mineral paint ! have ever seen, and'
invaluable for all outdoor purposes-possessliE
qualities that particularly recommend it for nsc
in a southern climate. JOSEPH benson.
New Orleans, Feb. 6, 1852. ..s., q. 3
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08
JOHN A. TROUSDALE,
DENTAL SURG EON
pATTERsONYTLLE. Ia.

pATTERSONVTLLE Ia.
% Returns thanks for the patron
YfSsSz age heretofore bestowed upon him
1l1Dand takes pleasure in informing
the ladies' and gentlemen of ST. Mary. and the
public IN general, that he has now located him.
self permanently in PattersonriHe, for the pur-
pose of pursuing his profession as Dentist, in
all the branches pertaining to the art, such as
plugging, extracting, inserting Teeth on pivots,
and from one to an entire set on plate.
All operations performed in durable and skill
full manner. Families visited when desired.
N.B.-Cloeks and Jewelry repaired, and Jew
elry made to order.
PattersonvilIe, April 10, 1872
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08
Selling of at greatly reduced Prices.

THE undersigned having determined to close
Il up there present business, offer their present
large stock Of well selected Seasmable Goods,
now on hand, at GREAIL Y REDUCED
PRICES; thus Offering a chance TO their
friends and the public to supply their wants at
extreme low rates. HARE i BIRDSALL.
Franklin. Sept 4. 1852.
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08

In addition to the testimonials, (which are
sufficient to convince the most incredulohs Of its
superior protective quahties) the Agents have
in their possession numerous certificates from
parties at the North. which may be seen on
application their office, among which are those
of Brevet Lieut. Col. 6. H. Talcott. New York
Arsenal; r. S. Smith, Lieut. and Quarter
master, u S. Military Academy, West Point
Oliver Fl. Lee, late superintendent (now Secre-
tary) Of the Hudson River Rail Road Company
D. G. Cullom, Assistant Engineer New York
and Erie Railroad, &c, &c 35
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08

Csrttfe0t. Of J5hm 7, Muller, Of Atta1c7ct
In July last was induced to apply the Bridge
water mineral Paint to my gar-House, and in
every respect il has exceeded my expectations,
and the representations made by the Agents.
Messrs. G. c. Robert Il Co. | cheerfuliy add
my testimony to the numerous ones embraced
in the Agents circular, and recommend the
same TO planters and others as the best fire aud
water protector | have ever known. Where
have applied it, it has been exposed to the sun
since last July, and has neither hlistered nor
cracked and has formed a solid metallic surface
which has proved entirely impervious.
80 ,eE JoHN F. MILLER
Man Iharia ttGkanns Marnh 1870
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08

Certificate Of the managers and agents Of
Lo1faa,1a Dry Dock Company.
Having had the Louisiana Dry Dock painted
with the Bridgewater Paint, and its merits
thoroughly tested, we fully concur in opinion
with Capt Thomasson. of the Magnolia, and
Capt. Brown Of the Porpoise. We cheerfully
recommend said paint as a superior article.
HUaHES, VALLETT & THOMAS. Il. ID. j.
J. P. WHITNEY 4 Co, agents.
New Orleans, Feb. 4, 1852
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08
Certificate Of Cqpt HTAztam Br0hn, Of the
TOyb01t PgrDoise

IouboQt PUpoass
have used the Bridgewater Paint; for which
Messrs g. C. Robert 6 Co., are agents, on the
hurricane deck OF the towboat g 'PorpoIse. =,
The paint has been on about three months, and
sparks and cinders constantly falling upon it has
had no effect whatever. In about four weeks II
became perfect slate, and / am satisfied Of its
possessing all the qualities necessary to insure it
certain protection against the effects OF spar ks
and cinders. | confidently recommend the
Brdgewater paint for the purpose set forth IN
the Agents circular MN. BROWN.
New Orleans, Feb. 4, 1852.
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08

= Q 1fttbI ftt7" OtItVftHIt.
The undersigned underwriters, having cent
dence in the Brdgewater Paint, for the covering
of single roofs and frume buildings, will at alb
times give those fire risks preference where
the Bridgewater paint is used.
l.. MATTHEWS, Ag't Sun Mutual ms. 6io.'
THos. A. ADAMS, Pres. Crescent Mutl .
Epw. OGpEN, Agent General Mutual :"
A. BROTHER, Pres. Home Mut'l ms % F.
1oHN PEMBERToN, Pres Merchant :.
]. M. LAPREYRE, Pres N. o. Ins. g
CHAs. BRIeGs. Ag't l. pool Il London g
SAA'L F. ASHTON, Ag't Del. Mutual a
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08
DENTISTRY.

FSss ~ news the tender Of HIS proie<srona
9IITYYYY services in the line of DE "
IT'S TR ].
ArtifctaL Teeth inserted on gold plate, from
one tooth TO a full set, with spring on the
principle of atmospheric pressure.
All other work appertaining to the Teeth done
on the most approved principles, and with the
best materials.
Not being able to boast of any nsr discoveries
he does not expect the patronage of the most ere
dulous, but is willing to confine his practice to
those persons only who are aware that fine gold
is the only substance known that can be used
with certainty in the mouth. .~
10 Plantations visited when required.
WILLIAM CESSNA.
Pattersonville, July 10, 1852, If
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08

The attention of the public is particularly DE-
rected to the following recommendations of.so,ue
of our most prominent and extensive commerei:t
firms. The interest of the cotton and sugar ia'-
tor is so clearly identified with that of lI's
planter, that it would be superfuous to more
than point to the annexed commendation: 70
We, the undersigned Cotton Factors and Corr.
mission Merchants do cheerfully recommend
the Bridgewater Paint for the purposes set forth
in the Agents Circular. and believe we are
servipgshe interests Of Planters by calling their
attention to its peculiar enduring and protective
qualities.
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08

Certificate of Capt st. Clair Tzomassoa
Of the stsunter Magnolsa.
Having painted the hurricane deck of the
passenger steamer Magnolia under my COM
mand, with the ,RriGgewater Paint, cheertuliy
recommend ii for Its impervious qualities, and
have no hesitation in pronouncing it superior, in
ny judgment to any mineral paint before the
public, and believe it TO beja certain protection
against the effects of sparks and cinders. has
also proved entirely waterproof on my decks
after three months use. ST. c. THoMAssoN.
New Orleans, Dec. ?. 1881
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08

ERESH HUNGARIAN sLEECHES; Of
L the first quality, just arrived and for sale at
the usual price at the Apothecaries' Hall.
r C. RABE,
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08
MINERAL PAINT.
BridgeWater Paint Company.

! HAVE been appointed Agent for the county
l of Attakapas, for the sale of the above Paint.
1t can be had of nIe in any quantities, either dry
or in oil, at Pattersonvlle; OF William P. Allen,
Franklin; or of John Devalcourt, New Iberia.
C.B. G. WHELDEN.
Pa,tersonville; Sept. 10, 1852.
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08
Lime

1O(M BARRELS. frstrate article. are
lOOO. expected to arrive in few days.
per schooner Niagara, from Rockland. Me, and
will be sold from the towns of Franklin, Centre
vile and Patiersonvillesby Z. BEERS.
Pattersonville. Oct 30, 1SJ2.-tf
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08
PROFESSIONAL.
A. l.. TUCKER, s. II. NJ GILL.

a, i. ICkER.
TUCKER q McGILL, Attorneys aud
l. Comnsellors at Lar, viii practice their pro-
fession in the several Parishes of the Fourteenth
Judicial District. .....s
Co Office on the I'd floor of Odd-Fellows
Hall, in Franklin. 80.
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08
CiStern Iron.

TUST RECEIVED, a large assortment, con-
d sisting Of all kinds Of Cistern Iron; also
small Hoop Iron, FOR sale by S. SMITH.
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08

A TTAKAPAS GROWN SAGE AND
"A HOPS and other herbs and Spices on
and, fresh and at low prices, G. RABE.
The Planters' banner. [volume] (Franklin, Attakapas Co., Lou.) 1849-1872, 1853-01-08
Tnaerpriiters' Certffeate.


New iberia, Attdkapas, March is, 1852.