The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1853-01-21

pendIures. sa 10y - fNN'N~
As these certificates were paid in al the large eonma,
oa eapots Tue gold so soon coined could be semi 10
such lonis IRON The mint the branch which NAV have
Issued the certificates, and the latter would then be e
turned TO The mint It's branch for the purpose Of being
again issued TO depositors The expense of rans
mlng gold coin 10 the points where il night be REQ ured
In order TO redeem the certificates which hatsen re-
celyed by the public officers, would OF course bald by
the United States, and woald require but small SUM-
probably not the tweHtelh part of the amount which
would be annually saved IN interest by applying the
present bullion fund 10 the redemption of the public debt
No objection could be urged to this plan the ground
that II would be paper currency, for IS merely
session OF The government These certificates would not
be intended for circulation, would they circulate
from hand TO hand but would remain with banks, bank
ers, individuals until required tor payment to the
government and the receiving officer should not be per-
mited 10 eissue, but only to hold them until they
placed with the gold in legal coin, from the bullion for
which they were originally issued ..a
These certificates should likewise always be redeema
Bile at the mint after reasonable time being allowed for
the coinage OF the gold bullion, which might be fixed al
not exceeding twenty days afer the bullion had been
! sayed H-
II not proposed that the certificates thus issued by the
mint and It's different branches should be ndiscmnate
~ and generally received al all points OF the Union, as
IN such case the fluctuations and the great differences in
the rates OF exchange between different places would
cause them 10 be used renttances and throw heavy
expense upon the treasury Tor the transportation between
distant points OF large amounts in specie, sufficient 10
equaze exchanges at least to the extent Of the issue OF
such certificates In California, for instance, the ex-
change the Atlantic Staes is usually at about four per
cent premium; and consequently all the issue of mint
certificates there would be Immediately forwarded to
New York; to be used at this latter point in payment of
duties and the United States would be obliged to
fer at heavy expense all the coinage of the branch
mint at San Francisco, in order 10 redeem lis certificates
| in New York
The remedy for this would be- make the issues OF the
mint and its existing any branches the Atlantic
States to be receivable only at the Atlantic seaPors
those issued by the branch mint at New Orleans TO be
receivable only at The ports on the Gull OF Mexico; and
all the above at any OF the land offices in the Atlantic
and western States; whilst the issues OF the branch mint
at San Francisco, soon it is put into operation
shall be receivable at all the houses and land Oh
| fees on the Pacific.
If the present system is 10 be continued, and bullion
fund OF millions be maintained, the balance
the treasury cannot conveniently be reduced below twelve
millions OF dollars, the system Of independent
ury cannot be conducted with less available balance
than hve millions, as to have the needfu amount at
all times al the numerous points where the public
pendture is made.
SURVEY OF THE COAST.
II gives great pleasure to refer to the progress OF
this important work during the four last years. The
whole coast IS divided into eleven sections and in ten
active operations have been carried on during this whole
period With only link OF twenty six miles south of
the Chesapeake to be filled np, unbroken triangua-
ton now extends IRON the mouth OF the Kennebec rver
in Maine, 10 the harbor OF Beaufort in North Carolina
The topography and have made correspond
ing progress. The harbors OF Portsmouth, New Hamp-
fleet Massachusetts,, and Others, have been surveyed
4 New shoals have been discovered and sounded out in
the yicinyof Nantucket The dangerous shoals along
the OF Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia. Hat
teras shoals and Ffyng-pan shoals, have been made
known 10 the navigator IN excellent preliminary charts
The survey OF the Chesapeake bay is nearly COM
peted and that of the rivers flowing into ii has been
commenced Some OF the most important habors on the
southern coast, as Halteras inlet Ocracoke inlet Beau
fort haIbor Cape Fear entrance, Roman shoals Charles
ton harbor North Edsto Tybee entrance, and the
Savannah rye have been surveyed, and the charts
or will be, published. The survey OF Geogelown
harbor, IN South Carolina, and OF the entrance OF ST.
Johns srver Florida, have been commenced The rangu
aton and OF the vIcntes OF Cape Fear
entrance, Georgetown harbor, Cape Roman, Cha'lesion,
North Edsto Savannah and entrance TO the ST Johns
gradually and steadily advancing In few years an
unbrokeu series, with points well determined by asro-
nomea and other oose,yaons will cover the coast IRON
the Penobscot river Name 10 the st May's In Flor
da The progress OF the survey tbs Florida reef and
the shores OF the peninsula entrey satisfactorily IN view
OF the limited appropriations, compared with the vast ex.
tent and variety OF the whole work The entire reef and
western shore has been examined in preliminary way
and nearly half OF the survey OF the reef has been
made. The important harbor OF Cedar Keys, on the
western shore. has bean examined reconnaissance
has been made Of about half OF the distance between
ST Marks and Mobile bay, and an examination oil y,
Marks uver. The uianguation and topography now
extend IRON Mobile bay Lake Pontcnartran, and nearly
all the hydrography has been completed, and an exam-
nation made OF the delta OF the Mssisspp Galveston
bay has been surveyed, excepting small portion OF
the bydrography and the ,riaogustion now extends
10 the vicinity OF Msagorda bay. Preliminary charts
have been published oil Galveston Nobiie bays,
the Mississippi delta, ST. Marks, Cedar Keys, Key
West, Cape Canavera Mosquito inlet, and St Andrew s
shoals, and these will soon be followed by others. On
the coast, consequence OF the extraordinary
difficulties in securing hands and means owing to the
discoveries OF gold, the survey did not fairly get under
way TIL about three years since very good premi-
nary reconnaissance has been made of the whole coast
from San Diego the straits OF San Juan de Fuca and
OF nearly every important harbor embracing San Diego
San Simeon Santa Barbara San Pedro, Point Concep-
ten, the harbor OF Coro San Louis Obispo Point Pnos.
and the bafbo OF Monterey Santa Cruz, Catalina is
land including both anchorages, Cuylefs harbor, Prs
oners barbor, San Clemenle Mare Island sal,s Trim
dad and Humboldt bays, and entrance OF the Columba
river Charts OF all these harbors have been furnished
and distributed excepting the barbor OF Santa Barbara
which the hands OF the engraved Charts OF
! the coast from Monterey the mouth OF the Columhis
nver, published two years since, and that from San Di
\ ego San Francisco undergoing the last
vision The charts OF the surveys north OF the mouth o
the Columbia river daily expected, and will be pub
sbed early practicable. Besides the coast,
era of the barbors have been carefully examined In
addition TO this good progress has been made In the
vey OF the waters OF San Francisco bay plan OF ths
city has been published, which will be added
the adjacent topography. The triangustion embrace
the waters OF San Francisco and Susun bays, extend
Jog from Mare Island straits the entrance, and fol
several miles up and down the coast The topography
has been completed for chart Of San Francisco bay
The uasgulaon OF the Columbia river has been extend
ed thirty three miles from its outb.
A commencement has also been made in the survey o
the Santa Barbara islands, including the land surveys by
the geodelie method In with this rapid pro
il~.ne ,.e ions