The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-07-28

ever, ! saw at Galatz They endeavor to send all
their children to the European capitals to obtain
their education, under the charge of Waachian pro-
fessors. Every effort is made by Russia DO induce
them to give the preference to ST. Petersburg and
to check higher kind of education in the provinces
The Princes of the Danubian provinces, when ira
yelling in Europe noted for the profuseness with
which they spend money and for their constant at
tendance Mt the public gambling tables.
Both mobiles and peasants appreciate liberty under
organic law The revolution among them in ls4s
was sympathsed with by nearly the whole mass,
and was only crushed by the arms OF Russia and the
timidity OF the Turkish government to which the
provinces owe allegiance. II has been said that the
treatment they received from Russia on this ocsa-
sion has alienated them from her. and that they
alene, of all the nations appertaning to the Greek
Church, do not desire the Russian rule This ID but
partial statement of the truth. The fact is that
the enlightened Wallachians well appreciate their
own position. They that In the 5000 600 OF pec-
pie Of their race, geographically contiguous to each
other, though under three different despotisms,
there are enough to constitute powerful nation,
If united under one independent government;
but they regard it as futile to anticpat
any such happy result in the present state OF
Europe. The two provinces, therefore, of Wallacia,
in the contingency OF a war between Russia and
Turkey, will have to choose to which of the two
powers they will incline; and they will infallibly
choose Russia while they do not like her institutions
or rule az well as those of Turkey Turkey, they
say, never has had, and will have, the courage
to sustain their interests and rights against Russia.
Even If they should bear in behalf Of Turkey,
they believe she would let them fall sacrifice ia
their devotion but that, if they become bond
fde subjects of Russia, they may anticipate mea-
sure of progression much better than the corrupt
system under which they are now compelled to live
sustained by neither power. Hating Russia, they
will accept her rule in despair.
l was shown copy of the constitution, or organic
laws adopted previous to 1880 by diet of the two
provinces. 1t was published in French, in volume
Of three hundred and fifty pages and on the imprint
it bears, "Printed at New York" The work bag
been published that all Europe may know what kind
Of constitution belongs to these provinces, and that
Russia might never succeed in destroying all the
copies OF it which existed in manuscript. After the
adoption Of the rules it signed by all the mem
bers leaving blank page before their names. This
page was afterwards surreptitously filled up by the
President with an additional article, which robbed
the country of all right OF self-government, by re.
Russia Russia, "'' N'"'e''
One important and benevolent measure that has
been brought into operation within few years, i5
that of securing freedom TO the slaves. While the
peasants were in general like sers the gipses, who
were very numerous in both provinces, have begun
gradually, in virtue Of new law, to receive their
freedom. A fund has been created, which is con
tinually increasing, by which proprietors will be
compensated for the loss Of their slaves; and no pro-
prietor sell his slaves except to the government.
Large numbers Immediately obtained their freedom
by the operation Of this law; and in twenty-five yearz
| it is hoped that slavery will cease among them.
Walachian gpsies, with permits to travel are found
| in Turkey; and one band of muccians Of GYPSY
Il
Constantinople. Freedom was given to the large
number of slaves belonging to the hospitals and
churches, and the profits OF the tax laid upon Them
annually furnishes the fund applied to the purchase
Of other slaves for the purpose OF granting them
1 their freedom.
The Walachans and Moldavians, as is wellknowna
use, as their national name among themselves, the
appellation of Romani. as being descendants Of the
old Roman colony in Dacia. They fatter themselves
that their national pbysiognomy has retained thG
type of the old Roman and certainly there Is large
of hoo raI huf
distinction than their faces is that OF their Ian
Of the roots of its words being OF
Latin origin. The remaining words are about seven
hundred Sclavonan, five hundred Turkish, three
hundred Greek, and even one hundred and fifty OF
gpsey dialect If the people bad not adopted the
Sclavonian alphabet, the resemblance OF words to
their Latin originals would be still more apparent
We left GaatZ and arrived at lbraila In two hours,
by steamer which runs daily. This steamer be-.
longs to another Austrian Steam Navigation Compa-
n.y. which has taken under its care the northern con-
fines of Turkey as the Austrian Lloyds has the mo-
nopoy almost Of the shores Of Turkey. Although
the size of the Austrian Danube Companys boat IS
small, yet their number probably surpasses that oil
any other They own eightyseven steam ao boats s
each for the transportation OF freight Most of these
boats and barges are made at Pssth under an Eng
lish superintendent, while the engines are made ID
England, The engineers are all OF them natives Oh
Austria The names of many OF the boats are those OF
Hun garian kings and heroes, the Imperial govern
ment having wisdom in prescribing these SYM
/
fined &c navgatingihe Danube from Galatz to Vienna
but they also steam several days up the Dranc the
Sane and the Thesis rivers The new line OF
boats which they have commenced this month Will
cay passen gers in shorter time by two days from
Vienna to Coustantinope than they can be carried
by the way of Trieste. The fare is about fl3, all ex'
peDses included.
Ibraia is a town like Gaatz, on the north bank of
the Danube and is the chief port for the expectation
of the products of Walacha as Galaz is for Media
VIA Its population is also very identical in charac-
ter and it has the same convenient system Tor load
ing vessels while yet in quarantine. Its attractions
for residence are still less the lean assembly Of
spectators from the Levan for the purchase of grain
not being sufficient to compose all the requisites oil
the mostagreeabe society.
By the stipulations of the treaty of Adranople,
in 1929 the principalities of Moldavia and Wala'
CHA occupied by the Russian troops until the
payment of the expenses of the war with Turkey.
General Ksseleff was invested with the command OF
the army of occupation and the government Of the
principalties and from this PERIOD according to the
Russian accounts the moral and social regeneration
of Moldsvia and Wallacnia commenced. Situated
on the confines of Europe and Of Aisle, THESE I'VE
provinces had been for many ceptar'es exposed to
invasion and devastation, and de7flved OF the advan'
tages Of peaceful and regulai government. In tna
ham P 5acb and the P,te mplored the aid 81 Rus
STA. Kisseleff who vas then at Jassy, was chosen
to command the army, which was to proceed BY
land to the ass.sance Of that capital, while the feet
of the Black Sea advanced under the direction OF
Count Orlef. The treaty concluded at ST. Peters.
burg in 1884, stipulated for the evacuation Of the
Russan troops, and the installation OF the Hospo.
das. The first Hospodar, sovereign OF Molaavis,
was Prince Stourdza, who owed his position to cleo.
ton and labored TO put in practice the laws Of gov.
eminent originated by Count Kisseeff.
Mr.. Urquhart pointed out, years ago, the danger
which Walashia, Servia, and the whole Of Turkey
ran from the ambitious projects Of Russia Nor is It
now for the first time that travellers have observed
the attempts OF Russia to undermine the fidelity Of
the subjects OF the Sultan protesting the religion Of
the Greek Church, by the claim Of supremacy and
hood BY the treaty of Akermann, Bessarabia was
given up TO Russia, aud with it the command Of the
mouths OF the Danube. Still more recently Russia
extended her protection der The plea OF similarity
Of religion, to the other two provinces and obtained
declaration Of their independence from the Porte,
in which Russia and Turkey were named as PRO-
] teCtino nOHers. Mnldavia and Wallachin msrc