The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-02-14

papers IN England the arbitration clause i'll this treaty
and then the sole matter to be discussed would be this
where shall we find the men-who are the msn-to yhora
both Iatons viii trust the decision of this question: And
must say for myself, that believe there men in
the United States to whom aone-as believe there
men in this country to whom alone-both countries
might commit the decision upon question affecting both
countries and believe it would be decided according to
that which was just to both of them.
The French Expedition to the Chinese Seas.
from the Paris Moniteur, Jan. 25.l
The Minister Of Marine has just received from Cap
tain Roquemaurel, commanding the naval subdivi-
sion in the Chinese seas, report, giving quantity
OF information collected on board the Capricieuse
State corvette, in voyage from Shanghae to Guam,
across the Sea OF Japan and the Strait OF Matsmai
during the months of July, August, and Septem-
Der, 1862. The hydrographical portion is Of
great importance, as seamen have hitherto had to
sail by the chart of La Perouse, and by those laid
down on the data furnished by Broughton at the
end of the last century The Capricieuse has
surveyed trigonometricay the eastern coast of Co
rea and Chinese Taary for extent Of 1870 leagues.
1t results from the information given in this report
that seamen who dread at present the stormy sea
of Japan, account of the nh0spiality of it's nha-
bitants, will henceforward find safe anchorage and
every facility to effect repairs in the Gulf of AWHILE,
on the coast of Tartary, situate nearly the same
parallel az deg2 as the Strait of Matsmai from
which it is only l30 leagues distant. Although the
country-in general but little wooded--does not
offer any great resources, at least cordial reception
may be reckoned on from the Tartar tribes who come
in the fine season to encamp this coast'to feed
their herds Of oxen and catch SEALS Whales are to
be frequently in these attudes The Capricieuse
fell in with several both the coast of Tartary and
on that Of Corea. The accounts given by the old
missionaries agree in declaring that at the approach
OF winter the whales driven away by the ice of the
Polar Sea from Behring's Strait and the Sea of
Ochotsk proceed to the southern part Of the Japa-
nese Sea- The whaers, not venturing to pursue them
during the bad season into these inhospitable
latitudes have been accustomed to pass the winter
doing nothing, in the Sandwich Islands, the Mari
anne Islands, or the Caroines. There is reason to
imagine that whalers, after having exhausteathe
Ochotsk, would find great advantage in falling
back on the SOUTH and continuing their fishing in
the sea which the Capricieuse passed through. The
months Of October, November, and part Of Decem-
while waiting for the severe weather to force them
TO take up their winter quarters The bay of Yung-
King, on the coast Of Corea, and the gulf of AWHILE
on that Of Tartary, appear to be perfectly well
after having placed their vessels in perfect
safety, could continue their fishing in these bays
with boats. The coasts, although not well sup
piled would still afford sufficient resources to be profit
able to the crews. The Capricieuse entered the Pa
cifc Ocean on the 22d Of August, and set sail for
Guam, where she arrived on the 18th OF September.
On the 18th Of October, after having devoted some
time to repairs and to the repose of the crew, she
left the port of Apra for Manila, where she ar
rived On the 5th Of November. This long voyage
from Japan to the Philippines, in seas but little
known and in the midst of hazy weather, which
prevailed almost necessarily, was marked by no
which came on about 100 leagues to the east Of the
Bashee Islands, The vessel, however, suffered no
damage; and it may be said that the cruise of the
Capriceuse, for the purpose of favorng the progress
of commerce, navigation, and photographed infor-
nation, has been accomplished with perfect success.
The Condition Of Mexico-What is to Become
of Tler3
From the London News Jan. q.
The news brought by each succeeding mail only
aggravates the deplorable condition Of Mexico and,
in truth, the republic seems fast approaching the
state which. according to M. Prudhomme, is the
government at all. The federalism has had
its half decade of longevity without consolidating
the separate states into one homogeneous COM
bination, abatng the resentments Of parties, or
rendering law and obedience superior to insubordi-
nation and an appeal to arms The tenure of Arstas g
power seems, however, nearyrun OUT he has neither
money nor credit, authority nor force, resolution
capacity to arrest either his own downfall that
press; but he has not the ability to check the pro-
gress Of disorder and military insurrection he has
called together Congress which, in the midst of a
revolutionary emergency, has weakened the power
ofthe government by impeaching one minister and
compelling another to resign On the other hand, the
unitarian, or central party, nstgated no doubt by
their old leader, Santa Anna, from his exile In Cuba,
has fairly risen in the provinces against the federal
constitution. On Tile ALlanuC Cne SCaCe OF era CruZ
has long been in chronic condition of insurrecton,
which renders it almost impossible. At the moment
when the central government was about to use such
forces tcould command for its pacication, Mazat
drew thther all its dsposabe military strength From
Mazatan which is in the State Of Sonora insurrectons
spread to the adjoining State OF Guadalaxero thence,
overlapping Potos 1t broke out in TamauApas which ad-
joins the province of Vera Cruz the opposite coast
and il is extending itself to the States uanaxuto
and Querataro which compress in and command Mexico
tsef. hua nj ON will by ola at
map, the whole line of Atlantic coast from the Rio Bravo
del Norte to what known the route of Tehuantepec
and the Pacific shore from the head of the Gulf of Cali
ornia nearly to the State of Mexico ITSELF are more or
less in arms against the present and the
presenty CONSTITUTION Of the republic.
Nor is this purposeless movement It's aim is
the restoration OF the system and the power of Santa
Anna. The revolutionists Of Guadalaxero have al
ready called on that chief to return; Gen. Uraga
who has now placed himself at their head, and com.
mands force in that State superior to any the gov
ernment send against him, is partisan Of Santa
Anna; and the insurgents have summoned an extra
ordinary Congress, to be composed of two deputies
from each State TO elect President ad interim and
to proceed to the reformation Of the present const
tuition. With scarcely strength W maintain them.
selves in the capital, and without the support and
hearty cooperation OF any single State is scarcely
within the limits Of possibility that the federal gov.
ernment and federal institutions of Mexico can long
Withstand such combination
| And yet how hopeless appears any change oi
government, Of constitution, or Of authority in Mex
co. Since the federal system was first inaugurated
in 1924, IL has been overthrown and restored
abolished and revived, until il is matter Of per
| plexity to know what form Of government is pre-
dominant In Mexico. But whether Federalism OF
Unitarianism has prevailed; whether Bustamente
| Santa Anna, or Arsta have been in power-tht
| course Of Mexico has been uniformly downward
The republic has lost territory after territory pro
vince after province has proclaimed its independence
| Of civilization; the red Indians have ravaget
even the great central plateau on which stands The
| city Of Mexico; revenue and commerce have fallel
of; debt and expenditure gone on increasing; unit
Military chiefs may plague it by insurrection ani
the popuace demoralized' by the church and tn
army, may be used for political purposes but to tn
wealth. the intelligence, and the virtue Of Mexico
last twenty years afflicted them, Is not desirable