Washington sentinel. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1853-1855, 1853-10-01

Il
yaran. Mr.. Brown. the charge d'ataires All H.
nrim oi tho I nted States II Constant nuple. who
WAS not al Smyrna at amy time during the trans
actions IN relation 10 koSzia stated in a letter Ia
i.ar1n de Brurk something like The foregoing de. Ia
ration; but Captain lli2tI!ian. who WAS present.
a> Mr.. llulsemauu states. when kosxta was exam
med. and made tin, declaration Imputed ~ him,
says. IN wiring Ia The snlni>,er resident al the
Initcd States IN, a>ion.ind IL i,y Mr.,
Brown letter that kn>zla declared himself On ",lr
first interview Hungarian did MT hear INN say
So. II may well h, doubted " neither ko>Hta ever
n>rdany such language. Should H. however. ''r adj
nliti.l that h. dtdma X" that I'm lar Declaration,
Il cannot t' iarly un,rr>uut! IL iiIpli an arknowl-
d.rmrni thar hc ti,'ii subject 81 the emperor
ni Austria. To apprslcnd RIGHTLY what he meant
by such Il declaration. II ! proper 10 ton>Ilrr ll>
situation. hi. known sentiments and hl> antrr.
denis. In hIs mind II" two things r,;nll probably
he more distinct from each oi her iil;in Austria and
Hungary t,Ic wa> an object ri hi> aversion.
the other IN object ut his love. lbs affections
clustered around the land OF his birth aud
the more intense. because hc thought ,h,, country
had been cruelty WTungrd and h. knew II Was
7 unfortunate. In his VISIONS q the iuiurc h. SAW
Il happier destiny tor hungary. Ne s,w her stand
ng proudly among the independent nations oi The
car,i. under element government ,,..a!.,,iin"
from the wi oi The people. aud drlts'atin- is con-
>trtn,olial authority Ia lhrtr general welfare. In
the fallen condition 81 linn4ary he lhou= la base,
i Ia d>t)wn her and 2l,riou> Ia clam her Tor the
land ot his birth HIS situation. Mt.,n ms .rla-
ration !, sapi.,s,dio have ,ycn made, ais" BE-
regarded IN interpreting his words. III, was
the hands 81 Austrian a2unt>. l'l,'d With letters
! AMI warned o his d,rm iy ii" knowe,'4,
OF the sad tat, ~ 50 many ot his unfortunate COM
pAnl,'n-. IN tins iorlurn ,unl IN b." could not
have Intended. by the language r,'nd Ia h.l.,.
Ia arknowlc ledge ANY unsrohcn tic Mhlrh then
bound hun to the Emperor VI Am>tila.
The undersigned j. hrou2 h. ~ .iir applra-
ton ~ sound l'rlnrl he at la"-, aud rs ararrlui
consideration II M. facts, /" thus Important con-
cln>lon--tiat those " l,u acted III "Ila! nt su>tra
had no ri-hl V l!aictrr IL >'izr srf uGir>,,n Mar
I'm hu>zta.
1t will l,r conceded that th. ,Isil authority 81
Turkey during the Who'll. period ~ the occurrences
al Sny rna w.t> dormant. slld III May called IN
u action nlrr these r,ituiu>tan ,r>--. Austria
: without amy authority Turkey exercising nome
and the American innrtlonarr>, a. Austria a.
>,.rt> having right N b,iaii ui their govern
lIlrnl 10 interfere IN the alir "a proposition
winch viii lc hereafter contradictory What then
The, condition Of the parties 1T the commence
nieEt OF the outrage. and through rs whole pro-
errs> They were all. IN tins view nt the
without the immediate presence and controlling
direction oi cv or International I,w regard to
the treatment OF koszta. The Gr,k hirtin.-
ko>Zta their victim. and the Austrian and .Amrr-
can agents were. upon t!!t> >nppus,tun all N the
same condition at Smyrna IN respect /, rights and
duties so tar "a regards that transaction. they
would have been ~ 1t II had occurred ~ their
presence III some unalpropratrd REGION me tar
ever; they were the in-" SUBJECTS ~ the law u
nature. moral agents. bound each and al; alike 10
observe the pr.ccp,> OF that law and especially
tina, which l. confirmed - divine >anrilon, and
enJoin> upon all men everywhere, wh..n not act
ing under legal restraints, 10 do unto others what
Soever they would that ttitrr> should do unto
them they were bound 10 do no wrong. and /,
the extent OF lelr means 10 prevent WRONG from
being done: 10 protect the weak from hcln. OPP
pressed 10y the strong. and 10 relieve the dis
A q asses Srtl. kpS sen pu
without any rlgliiiul authority. He was suffering
grevuu> wrong--any one iin, could might relieve
HIM. 70 do was a duty imposed ma,rr the
peculiar circumstances OF th, ra>"by the laws OF
humanity Captain lngralam in doing what h.
! did Tor the release OF kusz,a. would. III this view
OF the ease. bt fully Justified upon tins principles
/, Who in such ease, can fairly take offence
! Who have right TO complain Not the wrong
7 dotrs surely. for they appeal To- no law Ia
Justify their conduct. They can derive no sup.
port from civtl authority Tor there was none called
into action nor from the law ot nature. tor that
they have violated.
To place the Justification OF the American agents
still further beyond controversy. the undersigned
will now proceed to show that ko>zia when h.
was seized and imprisoned Al smyrna had the
national character of an An,rrlran, and the gov
eminent OF the United States had the ryht 10 cx.
tend its protection over him.
The gcnunenc>> Of the certificate which he
produced when he claimed protection as an Amer
lean citizen has been questioned IN consequence
OF the imperfect copy gwen ly Mr.. Brown 10 the
Austrian nternlnrio: but tha, winch he produced
10 the American consul at Smyrna. aud tn Captain
lngrahaln Ia the commander ct the Austrian bri.
liusZar. and to the Austrian 'nnsul.gcncral, was
genuine. \ correct copy ot II has, been sem To
this department. and verified i,y u comparison
with the record Ut the court in New York. in
which ko>zta made his dcrIaraon IN due torn
Of law. To remove. all ,.nib, on In> subject. Il
certified copy Of that record j. annexed 10 tins
communications
! II is not commended that hs naiory step IN
the process 81 naturalization invested hun with all
the civil rights OF an American cltiItn: bnt IL =
sufficient Tor all III" purposes ni thus ease 10 show
that he was clothed with an American nationality:
and III virtue thereof. the government oi the III.
ted States was authorized Ia extend ~ hun It.
protection, at home and abroad, Mr.. liul>tn,ann
a. the undersigned believes. falls INTO great
rpr-an error fatal t. some OF hls most important
concluslnns-.by assuming tia, Il nation pro-
perry extend II. protection only 10 native born ~
nuluraizrd cI,iz,ns.-Th> = not III" doctrine u
international law. nor ) the practice. Of nations
c'rrnn>crll"d within such narrow nmll> Thu.
law does not. a. has been before, remarked, COM,
pllratc questions II tins nature tv respect for
nv. pal codes. In relation Ia tins SUBJECT II has
clear and distinct rules OF It's own. II gives the
nair ,na character OF the country only 10 native
born and natral:rd citizens. In, 10 all residents
III II no are there Whi or trrn without n,ii.
ton To become citizens. prot nlrd they lave
doIirl therein. Enrrign,,r, may. and often do
acquire doni," IN country. even though lhry
have entered II Wlih tho ayut,rd tnlrnllnn no, to
hrconn naurailHcd ,1iIZ,ns. bat L. r,iurn "a their
naiiic laud ~ some rraui, au,i unreriu polIud ::
and whenever hey icptiir,' dpnur,. international
,Eiw III ontr IiEprr>st. upon them the national
.iari"ier ot the country al Ill 4 dunitli. II y
maxim ~ iT!rrqat',nal .aw that d.,nI,nl ,'ni,r> i
national character. DOES nni Now any who
has Il ,omlcll ~ decline HE nat onai ,,,al.ci.r
thus runirrrd i; forces IL ,iE.on him, 'h'cn very
much again,, his will and 10 hls great d,,r,mcn
n, p;.l iaIE looks onl, 10 the i,,.,al ri,.ru
DETERMINING. What country hn Tho rt2hi Ia pro-
tr,t. II Il.r:.,n goes !fOIi ti, country abroad
with t!l'' nanuallty 81 IL" nj. ~t.l, tiis laW
cninns upon other nations Ia respect lam. N
gard In protection. a. IN AMERICAN ct!iZ,u Ii
ronrc'i"> 10 every country the rI,i Ia urr,'' any
aud all who may ln clothed u,,h IL haitondlnv
ines" ~" nmporian, primo piles N thor bearing.
"r'h 'h'' questions presumed III .!r linstuaNn
nt''. aAd are trn t,bl IT, t,, bul
w! az opposed 10 OF the position. taken h>
: Austria -" -. -, nrI deems Il r.,l.r.inl j;
!, "sh '">' '" '"-t"'G la"m i. reference 10 an.
thorc-.
4 Atsf