New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-10-21

$50, the people Of Augsburg having succeeded in
founding several IN that year. They i,st cast IN
an alloy Of copper and tn but other metals were cub
fegBeufy added. IL was considerable time, however
before iron vas resorted TO- owing idea thai pre-
yelled and which curious 10 say, prevails 70 this day
that that metal is liable BURT The truth -, how
ever that If iron guns made from good ore they
resist bursting as well a. he brass ani possess
some important advantages over them TIE lrss cast
cauroL flat ere mfutonel having been used in bat
lie were Of such small cGbre, that they might properly
be considered portable firearms, were i MT tl.s
the cu nes Of their construction rendered Iae III
fcult 70 manage. They were accordingly mounted on
frames with wheels. or on portable ssa1ts male 81
wood They consisted OF several small tubes OF iron,
united together, or placed IN rOys, and discharged
saden balls or iron missiles Ola pyranda FORM VITA
sauero base Louis Napoleon, IN the work above Re,
ferred 20 gives engraving of one oi th"sc original
ruu carraces described by Frossart and other enron
ieler. under the title o. r5aHdsTaa. IL consists OF
frame mounted on couple OF wheels, AMI protector
frsDsyerely in the center b. wooden screen tnrolgA
Which the tubes pass the latter being loaied ~ the
breach behind the screen and hred Oh IN the same man
uer The back Of the carriage is protected ~ ances
AID broad blades If steel set parallel IN ths wood work
viii The protrudng tubes The plan Of loading 81 the
breach which seems IN this case to be- 'ngse'te y
the in possibility Of passing between the iahces 20 ioAd
IN front seems hos 10 have been tie genera sis-
ten adopted from TIE b ginning. There u document
in existence il the archives OF the FOWL OF Ct Omer,
dating rom the wear 1872, which shows that the can
non used there loaded IN this wa! aud II Is PROP
able that the cannon employed b! the English at Crec
were Of the sane construction for, according to the
Aunraire GdmHistIGJ Gaad these TbdHde4a'as were
ALREADY in general use in Flanders IN lJi1
It i worthy Of note that most OF the modern I'M.
proyeuenIs effected IL firearms, have oee1 sug sod
tv Clumsy attempts 70 carry Ous the same idea IN the
YER infancy of Tic Invention. We have shown thai
tie uew system OF loading at the breach H. IN 1ruth
but revival Of tie ancient practice and any one Wh)
will take tie trouble to inspect the stand OF arms con-
tributcd TO the Exhibition from the Tower OF London,
viii te rather surprised to there the Original OF
Ccls celebrated iB,ention-R pistol with nine regOlT-
ing taIrei-, dating from the reign OF one OF the FL
ward
Tie lead cannon which were invented and enployei
BE- the Swedes between the years 1920 and iO55, IN
tie 20 years war we've lined with tubes 81 wood Or
corner ard secured on the outside with iron rings
The art Of firing red-hot balls from cannon Wa. invent
cd bv Major General Weller, OF the Electorate OF
Brsu6eniurg. IL the commencement OF the sixteenth
ceptur, Maurice al Switzerland dlsc0' cred method
Of cast Dg whole and boring them 50 as TO draw
out tie interior IL a single piece Arms Iof e1peal-
uOus firing, loaded from tie breech and closed IN WIN
a UCdae. were introduced towards the close oi TINS
century b. Daniel Spekle, who died in i5,9i AMI
some improvements on his system were subsequently
added by Uianus person, named Mhlon' invented
find Of air-cfnnon, two feet long three inches IN IL
amcter in the thichest part, ana twelve lines u can
bre, char ed with miammable air anu hred Win
eylen lar OF piece OF catskin by which twelve Dis
were made Of ice al ST. Petersburg and balls Of many
pounds weight were projected from them without In
Jury TO the pieces. The cannon clock invented by
Freedman named Rousseau, aud exhibited, for some
time in tie gardens Of tie Paais Royal and the Lux
elnbourg although conducive 10 no useful purpose Il
yet deserving Of notice for its ingenuity y burning
glass was fixed the vent OF cannon, so tnat the
rays OF tie sun, az the moment OF ITS passing the me-
rdan were concentrated on the prning OF the piece,
and fired the charge The glass was regulated Tor THIS
unrrOse every month. The expansive power OF steam
Les also been employ ed prQece force IN c0nnec-
ton Hith artillery The idea was not new one when
our countUnan, Perkins, invented bis famous steam
gun but TO him belongs the merit Of having carried u
out successfully lie constructed a small cannon,
which, when connected with the generator or boiler
could dscharRe nusket balls at the rate OF ? 40 in tn,
minute and with such tremendous force, that alter
raSsipg through an inch deal the ball in striking against
I'm iron TARGET became attened side and slueeZ
ed out The original siZe oil the bullets was Obo OF an
inch, but after striking the target they were piano
convex, and their diameter l7J inches and O2J OF an
inch thick. at tie London exhibition nodei OF q
vareueiue was shown by a person named McGcttrick,
which It was stated would discharge 1920 charges VI
ball cartridge in ten minutes.
II was formerly the custom TO distinguish pieces of
artillery by hiahsoundng names, suggested either BY
tie wbim ofthe founders or by accidental crcdmstin
ces that gave them celebrity. Twelve guns, cast by
Louis XII, were called after the twelve peers Ot
France Charles V had also twelve pieces OF srtllle-
~ which he more humOrOusy than reyereniiy desi2-
was called the Devil 81 FOUNDER at Dover is styled
Queen Elizabeths Pocket Pistol =; CO FOUNDER at
Berlin il called the Thunderer; another at Malaga
the Terrible and 90 FOUNDERS at Bremen, bear tue
appropriate tile Of The Messengers OF bad news
In tie beginning OF the fifteenth century these names
were abolished and the following substituted for them;
Cannon ROYAL or carthouns carrying Il pounds: Bas
tard cannon, or thrc6-quarter cdrthoun 80 pounds
A cartbouu "a pounds whole Culyerlns, i, pounds
demi culyerns 9 pounds falcons, pounds; sakers
Lowest sort 5 pounds ordinaries, pounds largest
sort pounds: Baslisks, A. pounds Ssrpentnes, 1
pounds; Aspicks, 2 pounds Dragons, pounds 81
rens o. pounds Falconets, 3, and pound Moyens
IL or ~ ounces Robinets 10 ounces.
Tie nomenclature OF artillery has subsequently IN
deIeone another change and the pieces are now dl'-
tneushed by the weight Of the balls which they carry
such as u FOUNDER FOUNDER, &c. To the unnitiatei
il such matters the technical description OF gun may
prove useful The interior Of q cannon Is called the
bore the solid piece behind called the bTosch, AMI
terminates on the button The cyllnirical parts BY
which the~gun is fixed upon its carriage are called
ranRiORs ana the handles on brass pieces are called
dolpkps from the fish whose form they represent Inc
diameter OF the bore is called the cabre OF the piece
md tie difference between the dameters OF Fhe sno and
the bore is called thet-iHdGge of the gun
Until tie commencement OF the present century the
process OF casting cannon attended with nnlmera
Die difficulties and little the fundamental prln-
cipes ofthe art understood that believe hot out
Of three of the SHELLS east for mortar service could 30
admitted into the stores. Owing to the Improvements
Effected not only ia the mode OF casting but IN the
quality of tie metal itself the results now reduced
10 something like certainty. Guns are usually cast .
from metal brought into the fluid state u a reyer-
kerating furnace and the mouds are formed oil loan
or dry sand Guns cast IN Osm do not come ron the
mould with surface 50 correctly resembling that oil
the model as those cast in dry sand and order TO
- .nr and IN 1