The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-07-28


hosy adars were TO be appointed for life, and the
taxes hitherto paid in kind were heneeorwrd TO be
paid in money. In February, 1880, two Turkish am
bassadors arrived III st. Petersburg, who obtained
deduction OF three millions from the contribution I'M
pos q On their country.
The revolution of the 3Oth July, 1880, at Paris,
was the spark that kindled the elements OF dscon-
tent which existed in Poland in consequence OF the
tyranny and atrocity OF the Grand Duke Constantine,
the brother Of The Emperor. Constantine fled Toni
Warsaw with his troops, provisional government
was formed, and the Polish Diet declared that the
| Emperor Nicholas had forfeited the throne The
| Russian army under Debtsch entered Poland III
February 1881. On the recall of Diebitsch in July,
was necessary to have recourse to Paskewtsch to
conclude the war in Poland. His arrival alone raised
the spirits Of the army. He took the command OF
! the troops and passed the Vistula on the 10th OF
July. Seeing his advance at the head of over
whelming force, retreat or surrender proposed
| by the Poles those who recommended the latter
! course were shot dead by their Infatuated country
men. Paskewitch appeared before Warsaw, and on
4 the 9th Of September made his memorable assault
upon the capital. After desperate and hopeless
resistance the part Of the gallant but Inflated
Poles, Warsaw yielded to Paskewtsch, who entered
in triumph on the sth. He spared the city. There
was little to destroy, for the youth, the pride,
and the beauty Of the capital, had died
upon the field OF battle or had fed The
4
were sent in droves TO Siberia or the eau
casus or draughted into the Russian army.
Poland was Incorporated with Russia and, contrary
to all treaties, became province OF that empire
Having been appointed Governor Of Poland Paske-
witsch has awaited himself of many of the opportu-
mites he has enjoyed to moderate the crueltes OF his
master 1t was to Paskewitsch that the hungarian
campaign was ntrusted and 1t was to him that Ceor
gey surren lered. The Emperor has acknowledged his
long and distinguished services by decreelng that
Prince Paskewitsch shall be received by the military
with honors hitherto only paid IN the Russian empire
10 princes OF the blood royal Upon the exact degree
OF military renown to which the Prince is entitled
competent judges differ in opinion. His campaign
! in Persia was admirable, and that IN Asiatc turkey
was severe criticism upon the war carried on upon
/ this side of the Bosphorls, where the Russians,
badly Offered met with many reverses. 1t Is true
that in these two countries he was opposed by
troops but little Injured to war. The faults committed
by the Poles were evident; but IT Is TO the creat o.
/ Paskewitsch, in military point of view, that he
i turned them to advantage as he repaired his own.
But it is said that, notwithstanding all this praise,
the Russians gained more Of theii victories and advan
| tages by the judcious OF gold than gnnpowder.
The Russian Generals are said to be ignorant Of the
art of concentrating and handling large masses OF
troops. Paskewitsch almost alone OF living Russian
Generals, showed, in the campaign OF Poland that
he is master of this important branch OF military
| tactics
| The Grand Duke Constantine,
/ GRAND ADMIRAL OF THE RUSSIAN NAVY.
His Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Constan-
tine, Grand Admiral OF Russia is the second son OF
| the Emperor. He was born September Il, 1877.
His mother, the present Empress OF Russia, Is the
sister Of the present king of Prussia Much against
the wish of her brother, she changed her religion
from the Lutheran to the Greek communion, on be-
coming the wife of the Emperor
| The imperial family Of Russia derive their descent
from the clerical family of komano but their blood
has been SO repeatedly mingled with that Of the
Germans in royal and princely marriages that little
of the Russian origin remains in their veins, ana
<1air he IN hn
than Russian. The eldest son of Nicholas and heir
to the throne, the Grand Duke Alexander is not un.
known in England. He is Of mild, tractable, and
amiabe disposition but his talents are said to be OF
q mediocre character. The young Grand Duke Con-
stantine is said to possess more genius than any
member ofthe Emperors family. and to be possessed
of great intellectual powers: -.
The Emperor has devoted great attention to his
navy, and in the hope of making it popular among
ysung men OF family and fortune, has caused his
second son to enter it, In his character OF Admiral
he took pleasure in aTesting his elder brother VINO
was beard his ship, for which he was himself put
under arrest for considerable time by his father.
His Imperial Highness visited England in June,
1s47.
| On attaining the age of q, he married (Septembey
IL, ls4s) the Princess Alexandra. daughter OF Jo
seph Duke ofSaxe- Atenburg, then in her eighteenth
year. By his marriage with this Princess the Grand
Duke has two childlen-a boy and girl. In addl
ton to his title OF Grand Admiral OF Russia, the
Grand Duke Constantine is Commandant OF thu
Fourth Brigade of Infantry of the Guard, Colonel
the Regiment of Hussars Of the late Grand Duke
Michael Pawlowitse, member OF the Council oil MI
litary Schools, and member of the Grand Counci
of the Empire. 1t will be seen by our foreign nell
gence that the Grand Duke Constantine has aeC
himself to the Muscovite national party, whose fana
ticism has brought Europe to the verge OF war.
Adml al Laza,ed,
COMMANDER 1N-cBIEF OF THE RUSSIAN BLACK SCI
SQUADRON.
Admiral IaZaTeG has been for many years TIL
Commauderin Chief of the Russian squadron in tin
Black Sea, with the navigation of which he is init
matey acquainted. He served in the English navy
and has the reputation OF being a good seaman an'
a severe disciplnarian. It is said that Admiral La
ZaIe is not DESTROYS OF being opposed to the Englis
feet, but is very eager to encounter the French
This speaks more for his courage than his Judgment
for failure would be equally certain with either
Most Of the Russian ships Of war built in the Blac
Sea, are laid down from the lines Of English menoi
war the drawings for which are obtained from Eng
land. The ships, however, are soon seized with tn
dry rot, owing to the new materials used in thei
constructions; and half the fleet would not be able t
stand the weather in the Black Sea in the winter
The administration Of Admiral Lazaref appears to b.
e yenav % Of allow
But the crews of the Black Sea feet are inefficient
and the fleet ITSELF although it comprises many sal
Of the line, being unproyided with steamers, w0ult
be unable to meet either the English or French flee
now in the Dardaneles. The greatest activity prevails
at the present moment amongst Admiral LazareFi
squadron in the Black Sea. Ships Of war are con
stantly tearing Sebastopol to maintain strict watct
along the coast. The Kolumna Russian frigate, or
the 10th ut advanced and tackled within three miles
Of the entrance to the Bosphorus.
Count Buol schauenstci
THE PRIME MINISTER OF AUSTRIA
Since the death of Prince Schwarzenberg, Prim,
Minister of Austria, Count Baul Schauenstein ha
been appointed to that Office. That event has beer
followed by decided reaction in the nuen control
ling Austrian affairs. The aristocratic party proper
ly so called Of which Metternich is the most emnen
representative, and which Schwarzenberg regard
ed with jealousy mingled with contempt, has by hi
death regained the power of which the revolution O
ls4s deprived it; and Russian influence, which thu
late Premier hated all the more because in 1913 ht
was humbed before it, and against which he strug
ged with all the restiveness of his own graspng and
arrogant nature, has once again taken the Hapsburg
duna unde &c With fhia iffoa IN