The Belmont chronicle, and farmers, mechanics and manufacturers advocate. [volume] (St. Clairsville, Ohio) 1848-1855, 1853-12-09

except that conferred by the eighth section Of
the first article Of the constitution. Ii is, then,
submitted, whether, in oil cases, where con.
structions are to be erected by the general gov /
erhment, the right Of soil should not first be OBJ.
tanned, and legislative provision We made to GOV.
or all such cases.
For the progress made in the construction of
roads within the territories, as provided for in ,
the appropriations OF the last Congress- | refer !
you to the report Of the Secretary Of War.
There is one subject of domestic nature,
which, from its intrinsic Importance, and the
many interesting questions Of future policy
which il involves, cannot ia / to receive your
early attention. .allude to the means Of com.
uncation, by which different parts OF the wide
expanse Of our country are to be placed in clio.
scr connection for purposes both Of defence and
commercial Intercourse, and more especially
such as appertain to the communication OF those
great divisions o. the Union, which lie on the
opposite side Of the Rocky Mountains.
That the government has not been unmindful
OF this heretofore, Is apparent from the aid il has
afforded, through appropriations for mail iacili.
ties and other purposes But the general sub.
! ject will now present itself under aspects more
imposing and moro purely national, by reason Of
the surveys ordered by Congress- and now in the
process oi conpetien, for communication by
railway across the continent, and wholly within
the limits OF the United States.
The power to declare war, to raise and sup.
u
to call forth the militia 10 execute the laws,
suppress Instructions, and repel nvasions, was
conferred upon Congress, as means to provide
fof the common deienco, and to protect terri
tory and population now wide. spread and vast
ly multiplied. As incidental to and indspensa'
BILE for the exercise Of this power, il must some
, times be necessary to construct military roads
and protect harbors of refuge TO appropra.
tions by Congress for such objects no sound OBJ
lection can be raised. Happily for our country,
its peaceful policy and rapidly Increasing popu'
ldtion impose upon us no urgent necessity ior
preparation, and leave but few track'ess deserts
between assuilable points and patriotic people
ever ready und generally able to protect them
These. necessary links, the enterprise aud ener-
gy of our poUplc, are steadily and boldly strug
Cling to supply All experience ufiirms that
wherever private enterprise will avail, 1t is mos
wise for the general government To leave to tnat
and individual watchfulncss the location and ex
ccution of all means of communication.
The surveys before alIu lel TO w-r1 designed
to ascertain the most practical and economica.
route for railroad from the river Mississippi
to the Pacific ocean. Parties are now i'll th
field making explorations, where previous ex
! animation, had not supplied sufficient data, ant
, where there was the best reason to hope the oh
J, jsct sought might be found. The means AM
time being both limited, it is not tc be expected
that all the accurate knowledge desired will b
O obtained, but it is hoped that much aud impor
d tant in formation will be added to the stock pre-
II yiously possessed, and that partial if not full re
: ports OF the surveys orderea WIN oe fcceVeu, II
y time for Transmission to the two houses of Con
J. gress, on or be lore the lst Monday in Februar
=, next, us required by the act oil appropriation
y The magnitude Of the enterprise contemplate
!. has aroused, ana VIII uoupliess commune 10 ex
IT cite, very genara interest throughout ihe coui
N try. In IT'S politcai' us scohmetc'''''nu i's ''
# ilary bearings, it has varied, great, AMI increas
a i'm rla nj m IN considerations, g.
N pense, the great delay anu, NJ hneS' ia'ai''>
attending travel oy either ol Tue 'isthnus rou'e
il have demonstrated the advantage "hch "ou'
d result irhm inter -terTtorlai coihmuh ca'ioh D.
e. su;h sale and ana rapla means Us re"tou
e would supply,
Is These diihcuIties, which nave oech ehcouh
l. tered in period oil peace, would be magazine
and still lurther Increased III tlmc OF war; pu
f. whilst the embarrassments already encountered
r. and others under new coht'h9ehcies 10 oe anu
y, cipaled may serve striElnSy 10 eSHlOt Inc I'm
{. Poitance ol such WORK, heither 'he"e' NOT a'
10 considerations comniIeu, eau nave "n aPpreC''
+ BILE value, wheh weiShco asaihst l"e ou''gu.io
o strictly TO adhere to the constitution ana ia'ii
T, fully to execute tho powers II cohiols' nhi
u 'hiS uit anu TO ,"o eH'e' vi ,"o mess VI w
o government ihVo'Veu' ~ "o"'u se1ni no'" 'APe
n dent ana proper II an ecohon,'G ana Prac'its
pic route sha'i oe iohhu' 70 a.a' u! u' cohsti!u
l. tlonai means lh'he cohstruction o' 'o"" '""ie
>, VIII unite' by speedy transit 'ho popu'aiohS
II the rac'hc ana Aoa"tie "'u'es, ,,,
q 10 guard agains' mlscohcep"'n' ~ sh'u'u
y remarked that' a'though t'e power 'o'ons''ue
n or aiu IN the Gun lruc'ioh OIL r'Au w'''l' IA
/. limits OF terri'oiy hot e''pa' 'ISseu U! wa
o question OF jurisdiction which "ouiu arse win
= III the limits oil otale' IS he'et'ne'esS heia
u oe oi doupt'ul power, ana ino'e 'nlh u'uo' III
propriety, even wi'hin 'he 'i'hl's Vi tert''of.
IS LOT the general government W anue'taho u iu
d mih'Stcr the niairs VI ral'i' otn