Fremont journal. [volume] (Fremont, Sandusky County [Ohio]) 1853-1866, 1853-12-17

friendship between them confirmed and per.
petuated.
Congress having provided for full mission
to the States Of Central America, a Minister
WAS sent thither in July last. AS yet he has
hal time to visit only one Of these States-
NIcaraugua,- he was received in the
most friendly manner. 1t is hoped that his
presence and good officers will have a benign
effect in composing the dissensions which pre-
val among them, in establishing still more in
innate and friendly relations between them
respectively and between each Of them and
the United >tates
Considering the vast regions Of this CONT
nent and the number Of States which would
be made accessible by the free navigation of
the river Amazon, particular attention has
been given to the subject. Brazil, through
whose territories 1t passes into the ocean, has
hitherto persisted in policy so restrictive in
regard to the use of this river, as TO obstruct
aud nearly exclude foreign commercial ihter-
course with the Stalcs which lie upon its trib.
utaries and upper branches.
| Our Minister to tha country is instructed
to obtain relaxation Of that policy, and to
use his efforts to induce the BrasiIi,T Govern
mcnt to open TO CONNIE rec, under proper
safeguards, this great national highway for
International trade. Several Of the South
American States are deeply interested in this
attempt to secure the free navigation of the
Amaz IN, and it is reasonable to expect their
co operation in the measures. AS the advan
! tigrs of free commercial intercourse among
nation are better understood, more liberal
views are gennaay entertained as to the com.
mon rights of all to the free use of those
means which nature has provided for inter-
national communication. To these more lib
era and enlightened views it is hoped that
Brazil vii conform in her policy and remove
ak unnecessary res rictions upon the free use
Of river which traverses SO m"ny States,
and so large portion of the continent. am
nappy 10 inform you that the republic ol
! Paraguay and the Argentine Confederation
have yielded to the liberal policy, though still
resisted by Brazil, in regard to navigable riv-
ers within their respective territories. Treat
les embracing this subject, among others, have
been negotiated with these goVornments
which will be submitted t. the Senate at the
present session.
a new branch Of commerce, important tc
the agricultural interests Of the Jhi cd States,
has within few years past, been O., ,,oere
with Peru. Notwithstanding the inexhanst-
able deposits Of gupno upon tie islands ot
that coun ry, considerable difficulties hnv,
been encountered in securing a more abund
ant import ton of the articl' Unfortunate
ly there has been serionus collision between
our citizens who have resorted to the Chin
cha Islands for it, and tha Peruvian authori
ties stationed there Redass for the outrages
committed by the tier was promptly de
man !e by our Minister at Lima. This sub
ject is now under constellation, and there i
&C son to be ievc that Peru is disposed I,
conclude adequate indemnity to the aggriev
ed p'riies.
We are thus not only at peace with all for
eign countries, but in regard to political ALTAR
are exempt from any cause of serious disqu
eludc in our domestic relations. The contrc
verses which have agitated the country here
tolure are passing away with the causes whlc
produced them, ana the passions which the.
have awakened; or, if any trace of them re
mains, it may be reasonably hoped that it vii
only be perceived in The Jealous rivalry OF a
good ciizcns to testify their respect for th
iLht of the States, their devotion to the U
; MON, and their common determination tha
each one of the States, lis Institutions, it
welfare, and its domestic peace. Shall be hel
alike secure under the sacred ngis Of the Cor
stitution. This new league of amlty, of mu
tual confidence and comfort, into which tn
people of the Republic have entered, happil
> i, affords inducements and opportunity f)r Il
1 { I'M, n nj ~,
y barrassed line of policy AID action, as to II
t great material interests of the country, whet,
= er regarded n themselves, or in common vii
the powers of the civilized world. The Uu
- ted States have continued gradually to e
Il pand, through acquisitions of Territory, whiC
" how muchsoever some Of them may have bee
[ questioned, are now universally seen and at
m tied to have been wise in policy, just
!, character, ana great advancement OF ou
: country, and with it, of the human race,
II ire dom. in prosperity, and in happiness.
= The thirieen States have grown to be thl
= ty-one, with rleatiOns reaching to Europe c
e the one sde on the other the distant relation
;, of Asia. am deeply sensible of the immen'
: responsibility which the present magnitude
;, the republic, and, the dive sly and Mutipll
u ity OF its interests, devolves upon me-the a
J. deviation Of which, so far as relates to the 10
! mediate conduct Of the public business, is, FIR
u in my reliance on the wisdom and the patrio
ism of the houses of Congress; and, add, Sc
n ondly, in the directions Afforded me by tt
) principles Of public policy affirmed by our i
J, theirs of the epoch Of 1897, sanctioned by loF
5. experience and consecrated anew BY the owe
e whelming voice Of the people Of the Unite
v States. Recurring to these principles whi'
a. constitute the organic basis of union, we pc
t. ceive that vast as are the functions and dutl
j. of the Federal Government, vested or entru
e ted to its three great departmenls-Leglsl
tive Executive. and Julicial-yet the snbsta
n lial power, the popular source, and the lars
:, capacities for social and material developme
" exist the respective States with all. Being
5, themselves well-constituted republics, as the
i proceed. so they alone are capable of mai
IT tAi"ing and perpetuationg the American un
IS on.
e The Federal Government has its approp'