New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-06-02


. ss tokens Of land the cloud banks on ne
Lr he logs Of drift wood, the fresh shfap =" h
IN H. Iesves sna berries tie hock' o. an
siss = hsh dat inhsb shallow VAIL .as tsi svsr
-. besnYe great event and ally on that YET -,
h. siehf 81 ihe l2h ~ Ot,ber 1872 t'e ni 81 LII
sssn Nv he sleepiesa eve Of the great dfcoVeI 80
@ a. det ~ he santa MARIA snd in the morning tae
rrsl rndonbted land, swelling no TUT :" - oct and
deer with it, plains. and hills ana are in
stream, and strange new rare, OF - m; o,v NJ
s,Jsn. IN which he authentic history Of the ~ coVeY "
eur Csninert ereis the spe<oas wonc % al.
nucb gold e1ees fnse OF INC ~" " 49,
~ M an ~ nv purposes to dwell up'n n. iner
ss narrafye or 10 follow out 'h N 81 NOS e.
,iing a. Il SON did Int" 'ae 81 sorr'~ ,h
ss,ts h:roseH ard before l'ng ending ~ one o. tne
rnost ftightfu tragedies in the snn,is OF ln -, a.
seems be the Ia~ II humaDliy ina boud eer
a. a.; ;neen,;on or progress be mixed MP WITH oaV7r
erin. ssd sorows which il makes the hes' SICK u TO
;.oov.rv N Annercs need hardly say Proiucefa
-, ,,sn.;on IL the Territory of the Power un1er whose
auspices the discovery VS. mad-. IN con = nDs.5 s
:. 70 ,conn,er one Of the most tsrrirle mysteries IN
r. n 49, !. - onr race aErtsnsiOn Of Territory re
,S.dv y, y. Isim chow could Spin acquire any territory
by tie fsc that Ssvga'"r sauag ena+ t oer
x.ie. and coasf<d for few hundred miles along IFS
sboresf T shores snd islands not desert on which
foIuobus Ike Robinson CrusOe OF higher order, has
I.,ded and taken possession They occupied end So,
fIe3 crowded with nhabsDts.subiect 70 tn Gov
srpmentof their native Chiefs; and neither by inheranc
Ia Furope right 10 rule them 70 possess s11tre
foot Of their territory" Such the facts Of tbe and
pcb one would ssy ought be the law and equity Of he
ease But alas for the native chiefs and the naive
Before he sailed from Spsin Columbus furn-hed with
piece Of parcbm by Ferdinand and Isabella, creating
Kim their VeerOy and High Admiral ali ths Islands
and continents which he should heirs
10 .pioy the same offices The VcerOy Of the absolute
Monsrchs Of Arago1 and Csstilel
T. ps was America conquered before was discovered.
By the Law nations then understood land fear there
ss change in its doctrines 1t the present day than We
are ready 10 Think sovereign right 10 the territory and
20, Of all rewy discovered regions inhab-d by
besfben tribes BELIEVED 10 vest in the Christian prince
under whose auspics the discovery made subject 10
The ratification Of the Pope the ultimate dsOOs of the
kingdoms Of the earth Such the aS OF nations rs
ttp understood in virtue Of which from the moment Co
Iumbus on the night Of the - Of October 1872 eau yh
from the quarter deck OF the Santa Maria, the tw ntng
beams o. taper from the shores Of San Slv dor all the
territorial and political rights Of rs smpe inhabitants
szfngrisbed forever When the folio ring morning The
keel of his vessel grated upon the muchOnged for strand
II completed with than electric Jeed, that terrible
eircpif which connect the islands and the Continent 70
the foostOo Of the Spanish throne As he landed
the virgin Shore its naive inhabitants they cou have
foreseen the future would have felt If may presume thus
10 apply the words that virtue had gone ont Of forever
With some Of them the process was sharp and inanal9
eus-wth others more gradual but not l-ss surs with
after nearly four uries, il sill going on
but with all it an irrsvocable doom. Tne wild AMI
wsrke; the indOleut and semi-cvilizsd the bloody
Aztec; the inoensive Pc uvan the fierce Arau eaaian
oil Jared alike foreign rule and iron yoke settled or
settling do IN upon their necks forever.
Such the law Of nations Of that day not enacted
however by Spain II WIS IN reatv the old principle Of
the right Of the strongest disguised by petext cOlo
ss iron alsebood gded over with the thin foil Of see
ing truth Ii was the same principle which prompted the
eternal Of the Greeks AID Romans Aristotle assers
without Qualification that the Cracks hd peroeud right
Of and conquest sgsinst the Barb raus that IS all the
r. Il of the world AID the pupil Of Aristotle prO't ned
This doctrine the head Of the Macedonian phsllnx
the banks Of the Indus The Eruption Of the ba-barous
racr into Earope during the centuries that preceded ait
followed Christianity, sed good principle; rather
better the pr-ie1t oly varied although the Grls
and The Cloths did not probably trouble themselves mu n
about preexs They adopted rather the simple philosophy
Of the robber chef,ain Of the Scottish Highlands
fiint's ihoa -s WIN no, .,iy forth,
And from the rubber reod his prey"
When the Mahometau rOte to power they claimed
dominion oil who dsbeeved the Koran. Conversion
determination the alternative which they oh'ref t.
the world ard which was announc 10 letters Of fire and
blood from Spsn the Gangss The States of Christian
Europe did but retot the principle and the r,ctc- when
In FIVE successive crusadcs kept mp for more than three
hundred years they poured dcsoaton the vest Of
AsiG In order resone the Sepucher of the Prn Of
Peace from the possession Of unbslievers
Such the principles Of the public law and the prac
tee DIR them, thew existed when the great dscove
ries Of the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries took place
When the Portuguese oegsn to pl,h their adventures lar
20 the s. nth the Coast OF Africa, in order % give 10
those principles the hghost sanction they procured of
Pope Nicholas in l454 the grant If right of sovereign
ty over all the heather tribes nations and oouorss DIS
covered 10 be discovered by them from Arcato lntti
and the exclusive title thus conferred gnized by
all the other nations Of hri-tendOm.
Gu the return 1T Columbus from his hrst voyage me
King OF Spain not 10 fall behiad his mel ghb in thu
strength Of his ttl lost time in obtaining nom Po)e
Alexander vi similar grant of all the hathen lands dis
covered 10y Columbus which might hereafter be discov
cred in the West TIE preclude far possible all conflict
with Portugal, the fmous line of demarkaton pr
posed from the North TO The South hundred leagues west
Of the Azores cutting the earth into two halves like m
apple and far the discoveries were concerned
giving the Spauards all west Of the lice and confirming
all sast Of il to the Poruguse in virtue of the grant Al
ready mentioned Of Pope Nicholas V.
regret thst want Of time will not allow mo 70 dwell
upon tina curious history of this HE Of damar alton FOE
the benefit Of all States having boundary controversies
and especially sister Republics If Nicaragua and Costa
Rica II is sufficient that u remained subject of
dispute and collision for three hundred and sixty one
years and finally settled at the Congress of Vienna
In 1878
The territorial extension Of Portugal aud Spain which
resulted from the discovery Of America. followed by
the extraordinary Effects the commerce. the IL
nances and the politics generally of those two countries
and through them Of the world The overland trade 10 the
East was abandoned The whole of South America aud
considerable part of North America in the course Of
the sixteenth century settled by those Governments who
Organized In their transatlantic possessions colonial SYs
ten OF the rigid aud despoc character Rejecting
far practicable in distant PrOvaces bevOnd tha sea-
the features Of the Mother Country The prec Gus
metals and monopoly Of the trade 10 the East wer' he
great objects Aliens forbidden 10 enter the Aner
Nice.Royaltes hut oontraband trade car
red on by foreigners at the ports To prevent this
trade, right Of search Instituted along the
tire extent of the coast have recently had oppor uni
ty in stber place to advert TO the effects Of this syste
upon the international relGinDs Of Europe Native Sab
jecis could emate 60 these vast colonial possess only
whhe pe1ni OF the Government Instead o aoriiAg
asylum 60 persons dissenting fon the religion of tho
State conformity Of belief vac IL possible enforced more
rigidy In The Colonies than Ia the Mother Country. No
relaxation in this respect has taken place 10 the lining
Colonies Of Spain even 20 present day As for the ao
original tribes after the first work Of extdrniakt was
over remnant saved from destruction by being
duced 20 state Of pvedal servitGde The detected ard