The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-12-31

"N~'i Nes.0as 'x uigatoS and four stoamere-tn AL
~ vessels OF war. The combat lasted four hours-not
ONE. Durrg that period Of tim, I ooo Tu,h. .. si-
The unfortunate men fought calamity against the ovsr
whslning numbers and oyerp,werng artillery. A
Russian three decker Was burnt All tho rarkish vss
fes were destroy ed burnt sunk many OF them were
full OF soldiers, In transport) with the exception Of ths
Tail steamer which effected her escape and brought the
disastrous news to Constantnople Az might bs expect
ed the greatest Indignation and excitement prevailed sS
that capital Tbs Epgish and French ambassadors 81
once sent two war stsamsrsths Terrible (Engsh) -
guns and the Mogsdor (French)-to nops to ascertain
the truth OF the asar It to be hoped now that Ens.
LAND and France VIII act.
Tnere s An Immense amount OF palace intrigue roine
on Leopold fears that IL there is European war ho
win lose Belgium; he is Coburs and has considerable
influence ne Austria desires peace lest shs lose
omoardy and her other subusated provinoss In fses
lnere are so many oontendng interests that It Is very s
fcult to say how all this viii end The aisr OF sinoue
must knock the accord OF the four Powers on ths hssd
the Turks will scarcely listen to terms now.
Inc reports from Asia are very contradictory Tho
husans according to one aooount) have been b~at,
IN two or three engagements their retreat cut Of ana
Tells SUI rounded schamyl Is hard upon them, and Il
said to have defeated ooo In regular BATTLE Accord
ing to the Times the Russians have gained great vetorv
Sut It comes from Russian source.
The Psrsians have it is said, Joined the Rusr,.ns
against the Turks need scarcely conclude BY adding
that We are as far of from peace 90 ever.
According to advices from Athens Greece ia In yerv
excited state Petitions addresses are sent In 70 the
King to declare against Turkey. The hand Of Rusa
again visible here The Emperor turns the orthodox
Greek faith to account.
mentioned In my last that the United States had a.
ered to advance . considerable sum to the Porte a
condition Of receiving island in tho Archipslars.
now learn, on pretty COED authority that Mr. BucAon~s
has been engaged IN the preliminary negotiation for the pswa
chase Of an island IN that for naval depot or oysso
1t is deemed necessary BY the United States
to have depot there OF In the Mediterranean.
LETTER FROM MR.. SANDERS.
LONDON, Dec. 18, 1853.
DEAR Err
commerce Of America involves the interests Of our
people in the war row actively progressing the East
Our government may advantageouay seize tho opportv
nifty oers 10 greatly extend trade in the Black Sss
We have ships, guns and munitions of war out Of data
which Will never be used by US especially the stsaner
which could be exchanged with gain for oou-
mercia privileges. Let Russia occupy Constants opIe
and not only will American trade be excluded from thu
Black Eea, but Russian restrictive policy win triumph ~
over the Old World
This is probably the battle which win be fought
for many between the autccratic and democratic
forms Of government For to that however begun the
present directly tends Should the former now rue.
ceed, the liberals Of every tongue will be driven In
mynsds to country. Their lives in Europe VIII b.
so inolerabs to them that viii stay who have
the Of escape Tie voluntary emigration three
four hundred thousand per apnum We can reoetve
with advan age for some time to But the drvso
llions pouring In upon at rush viii become very
serious circumstance 10 our social oonesrns Amsrisa
should encourage voluntary but wely provide against
forced emigr alton
The Ru.soAustrAn telegrsphIc despatch from Vienna
claims victory With four thousand Turks killed, The
field ef Akalsik IL true, showing great valor and qbs
macy in the Turks. You will also have tslegraphe -.
counts by this steamer Of several important engage.
nens In Asia al of shich 20 establish the fact thai
long and sanguinary war has in earnest begun.
schamy the daring 0roassan chief acting In soneseA
with seia PaehA have taken AL the inr-aaa.. thaa
line Of march AGa wnsn iAss from had actualIv
surrounded Prince WoronzoR at HHs. The evening ts,
graph may bring news Of the Princes capture.
The Pertains, sixty thousand strong hold doubtful II
not threatening attitude, the frontier OF Turkey
which embarAsses much the movements Of the Turkish
army The Afghans eighty Thousand strong, moving
rapidly to operate with the Turks believed that
the Psrsans will quietly retire before this varks nation
or may possibly be led to join the Turks themselves.
Kossuth has At last been invited to oConsannope BY The
Porte. He goes believe in the steamer Of next week.
Several thousand dsserters from the Austrian
army Of observation already at Widdin few weeks
will find all the republican leaders In Europe n
Omer Pacha's camp. They will prove to bs powerful
allies to the Turks causing By their presence increased
deserton from the Russian and Ausan armies composed
largely they Of P les Hungarans and Italians.
In taking birds eye view Of the subject it should b
borne in mind that the arAtve strength which Rus
sia and Turkey bring into the fsd in . not 70
be measured BY the comparative proportion Of the popu
ation OF the empires Out of the seventy millions oe
inhabitants which Russia osensibly rules, spread
immense territory OF more than 100000 square
miles, third OF which Is too cold to noursh warka
race-there millions OF who but nominally
subject the dominion Of the Cza and who constitute
no active element Of his army In the regulated
portions Of his domnons serfdom is the normal condition
Of the Masses and the british condition Of the people,
undermined strength by the ntsnpsrate Of liquor
creates mortality 25 times great In all the rest
OF Europe, which Is Of course, accompanied by
paratvsy larger amount OF sickness and bodily defects
Besides al the rule Of Russia, resting on military despot
sp has to be carried by military power Where thsrs
garrison In province, there is NO authority and
reverence; therefore, government must bs carried o.
everywhere by military powe. Every line Of Its frontier
has guarded by soers and several conquered pro
vnce such Poland, Finland and Tartary only b
secured rebellion and kept in submission BY strong
Rarrisons Neither national SPIRIT nor COM
mon religion, affinity Of language race, NOR the
interest of political freedom, unes this vast "a
semblage Of populations. II heterogeneous aggregate
with inherent tendencies to decay held together for the
while only by the actual pressure Of iron banded ru
Thus a that Russis, out Of its thiry-nvs million a
male inhabitants, could raise army larger than
seven hundred and ay thousand men Zone out Of forty
six) large portion Of 1t existing too, only pspsr;
for it passes imagination say the best authorities how
the commanders OF distant military catriots rob the trsa-
sury BY false returns.
out Of these nominal 75o oco men Russia cannot rsa
sonably afford than 200 900 for foreign war
and it Is only BY bringing the tho Cauoasus
for nearly thirty years has kept in unavaiins ssrvos
fifty thousand Russian sodisrs within the scope Of
foreign campaign that her aggressive strength be
raised mp 800 600 men, fourth Of whom viii always