The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1853-03-26

might lay ourselves open the rsproAch Of ressasss In
matter which, legislators and patriots. should DO our
chief aim 10 Foster promote and advance by consu
tionnl means al ,mmand
England has shown the world in her policy towards
China what she considered due her subjects IN her con-
nerea dealings and that too without stopping 10 inquire
how far IN the eyes of other naoas she could be usned
il doing 40, in a moral point Of view.
The opium war began in 1889 between E0gland and
China The nporaot Island Of Chuson captured by
the English in lSi0 This the principal of the arch
peago of islands the Chinese coast and commands the
mouth Of the great Yang-,se kiang river maritime
ton, being four hundred and hiry miles from Japan and
Cereaa voyage from them of less than day and half
by THIS the prelude to the capture of Canton
1871. The stormng Il an important point near Nankin
in July 1912 and tho preparations for taking hi ancient
ity ITSELF led the way To the treaty OF "a August OF
hat year by which the Tartar government OF China agreed
pay .2l 100000 the BRUSH for the expenses of The
var ana for opium delivered in 1888 TO the authorizes OF
Canton, with certain liabilities Bsitish Merchants; be-
sides opening for mercantile purposes five OF the most con-
adorable IN the Chinese empire being those Of Can
ton, in $50 Of Aooy, 2lo 80 of Foo-Chew, in 26o Is
Nngpoo, go S. snd Shanghai, Ia $40 Of north latitude
Ia the conferences Of Nankin Tor Kang-nam, as II Ia
called Chnal the Chinese, for their ben.i and not
for of gland, indicated their nten,on open their
all nations and this agreed IN The part Of
CIR at Britain who claimed and secured to herself Also
parlc any advantages which China thereafter might
concede by treaty To other nations
The United Saes having previously enjoyed the right OF
commercial intercourse with Canton became invested with
The additional privileges of the other four ports IN virtue OF
the Chinese stipulation IN the treaty OF Nankn IN lot2
The of the United States early IN the year 10
lowing took f., the further security, protection,
and extension of maritime rights IN the east and ac-
cordnsy, in May, lsi3 United States commissioner TO
China was appointed.
Our rapid -increasing trade wi that empire not only
the way Of imports and other articles OF luxury but
&c Of this nation should be automatically repre-
scented there IN order to establish frien national inter
communication, and to reduce commercial rights to
treaty form.
This resulted, under the management of the late dstn
guished Secretary of State Mr. Webster, and Of skill
full and accomplished envoy Mr. Cushing in The conclusions
on the Sd July 1874, of the treaty OF Wang Hiya, contain
ing many valuable provisions not embraced IN the sh
treaty at Nankn its supplement- and expressly stpula
ting in the fourth article for the full recognition of consuls
other officers that the United States might choose ap
point for the superintendent and protection of raie
BY this treaty. the United States firmly placed upon
the footing of the favored nations have secured
themselves the trade with the U great ports mentioned
which appurenant to the most popuous and richest
provinces of the empire.
now everywhere acknowledged by the civilized nations Of
the earh and admitted to be proud and dangerous
rival Of transatlantic competitor for full share Of the
trade with Asin. When the treaty Of 81 July 1914
concluded between the United States and China who would
have imagined that the destiny of this nation perma
nently establish its power less than short years
upon the Pacific ocean, line of than
sixteen hundred miles in length, and almost equal the
original extent Of our Atlantic maritime fronteri
From this and commanding position, which eeograph
caly and political places in the first rank Of the
mercal communities Of the EARTH turn to the wide
field of enterprise presented for the of American
energy, and plainly anticipate benefits, of which is fan
sketch say that the realization OF the golden visions Of
Columbus Cortes Pzarro, fade into insgn6cance when
viewed in this comparison The stores ofunversa wcath
which their cupity collected the expense of oaed hui
mainly and by deeds OF wrong and cruelty served under the
order of Providence only mpoverIsh and u narey
upt the parent land of those bold adventurer Their only
desire acquire, at any of boodshsd inquly
bound icealh Our purpose peaceful and far nobieI
one. Seeking nothing fom the vfoIenes which mark
ed the Of Spanish policy towards the Indies and
INT
.baerv,ence Of down-roiden authority struggle for
power approved and good conscience und wealth
which, generously expended, will administer aid to the
great c,us- of human progress
In pursuit of these objects must discover the
Of the aux larry proposed to lie crested 10 the
establishment of certain, Direct AMI intercourse
by steamships with the five ports eglumatsy open
as Ihss will be the beg nning of exptnss co mn
only those ports II be prelude distant
day. to trade, which ssng those pras Of the empire,
snail reach its vast Interior Astounding in wealth and in
the pro iue,ioas of every uepar,"oo, "fnum industry
Here before fron Pacific possessions from the
east add washed by the OF the ocean, lies the
vast empire Of Gums three thousand Is long by
thousand broad covering OF five and gu NH
lions of square miles. ntesec,ed by mighty of
which may be con AIRED to those of own land. The
Hong Ho or Yellow nstauce, taking be-
ridges Of mountains in the of China
and flowing southeaserly, with direct of
wave huijred miles from IT'S mouth and nearly thou
snad IN It's numerous deturs II d,sembogues about
hundred mites borth Of Shanghai, having tor ba ain
OF hundred thousand square miles There also
the fang-tsekiang river, "Grdle Of Cniba,n
called, beautiful and tranquil rsing IN the
decvties of the the f the lel,V
uvtr and running ~ ts general course sonhessey di
rccon distance of thousand eight hundceI and fifty
miles from its and three thousand In ali sindgs,
dsembogng between the Ihuty frat and thuy second
of north latitude, about miles of Shang
hal with smbou hure thirty miles wide, and navIg bile
distance of hundred es, far ,nkln for the
agestsized vessels draining basin of seventy-hve thou
sad square miles
There county in the eastern world which
with China for great natural facilities of inland
ioa It, canals nnumerable Of which, the Yunho
transit canal, constructed the fourteenth century,
supcdous work. eight hundred miles long, with It's banks
protected by masonry and the great
have mentioned where they pproich each other Besides
these main arteries Of interior xion,
other cmpyng the along the coast which
is lined 4 IIs whole ent with islands.
This immense empire, Astounding IN coal anthracite and
biuminoIs crysazed gypsum, marble, sandstone ntre,
rock salt Cannon SALT the ruby, diamond amethyst
and ether stones, with the precious and
useful metals, held all know, by industrious,
acute, and ingenious people, With extensive and euiva
ted literature, AMI possessing wonderful knowlcige
and for ages past Of the and sciences The
enon of the commercial world, however has been mainly
dravn China Of great STAPLE tea the prn-
cps article Of export of which, their bosnsts there
bundled varieties But besides THE, large
trade carried in Nankn CLOTH porcelain, rhubarh, gin
GER mercury zne boax shaws, moherof pearl and ivory
goods in great diversity.
Besides this eat political division of Asia, have
wing almost It's DOORS and suncs upon the track
Of steamers, the empire Of Japan between the Dist
46th degrees of north latitude and 10th and 43j
Of Longitude of Green 1ioh; consisting of group
Of Islands, the principal of which Nphon eight hoodred
miles lung by eighty-slS in breadth Kiusiu Skof also
part Of the Kurie islands, and Of aghaen the whole
a