The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-07-28

Reschid Bey (the title he then bore) was attached
10 the Minister of Foreign Affairs az secretary Of old
Pertew Pacha This was between the years 1927
ard 1884, The period when the Sultan Mahmoud
tried to introduce some reforms into his empire after
having destroyed the formidable body of Janissares
This Sultan well meaning but not intelligent
Reschid Bey was not then old enough, nor influen
tal enough, to be heard in the councils of the
Sublime Porte; he confined himselfto study the steps
to be taken by his countrymen, in order to share in
European civilization.
In 1884 he was sent as regular ambassador to Lon
don and to Paris and passed there several yearsan
important mission, which developed his brilliant ma
tural qualities Reschid Pacha examined erything
that would serve for his future use. He visited emf
nent political men, studied the civil laws, observed
the manners and customs, and did not forget the
public amusements. His character was ainiaDie ana
frank: he received everywhere the most cordial re-
ceptioD. ,,
Grand Vizier, Reschid called from Paris 20 occ-
py the postrof Minister of Foreign Affairs. be has
tened to accept the invitation; but how uncertain
are political Offices al Constantinople! On reachne
the frontiers of the Ottoman Empire, he learned THAI
the Grand Vizier had been deposed-exiled-stfa
gled, by order of the Sultan Mahmoud, from whom
this sentence Of death had been extorted in drunken
froic. Passing to Adrianople, Reschid found there
the dead body Of his protector This sad example OF
the frightful abuses Of despotsm deeply impressed
his mind, and he proceeded reluctantly to CONSTANT
nople, doubtful of his own fate.
The Sultan Mahmoud had recollection Of the
order he had signed il fit Of ntoxication; and on
learning the sad execution of his exvzier, he shed
tears though too late his folly. Reschid profit
ed by these great dispositions to expe from court the
enemies of Perfew-P acha, and became the prime
minister Of the empire. His administration" says
tie author of Journey in the East, twas marked by
udicous reforms. To him is owing the creation of
two councils which made the action OF the govern
ment regular He instituted also council or public
utility designed to prepare plans OF administration;
but these honorable efforts raised up against him
many enemies. The Turks accused him of over
throwing the law of Mahomet and the Russians were
uneasy to see 50 capable man at the mead q sne
giving way under his feet, and he anticipated his
fall by resuming the title OF Ambassador IN the
Vest
returned Immediately to Constantinople, to pay his
respects to the young sovereign, Abdul Medd. He
met from him a very kind reception, and
both of them united in composing the famous hnHt-
chrif, or imperial decree, of Gul Hane This was
sort of constitution designed to establish In the
Ottoman States regular government. Reschid
Pacha had conceived this idea while residing in
| France and England, and found in Abdul-Medlid
| master disposed to admit all useful reforms.
| The hatticherif was issued the I'd November,
1882 in vast plain near the serago, amidst great
pomp. The representatives of all the European
| powers the Prince de Joinviile and his stan, the
ministers Of the empire the pachas Of the provinces
army generals, the chief ulemas and Mahometan
priests the patriarchs of all Christian communons,
delegation of Armenian bankers, and an immense
crowd of people were present. After the young Sui
Pncha mounted platform prepared for the
purpose, and with loud voice read the decree
| FOR the REORGANIZATION of the country. OF this
important document brief analysis is sufficient
The preamble states various causes OF the In
poverishment and feeble state of the Mussuman mon
archy. "In consequence" adds the Sultan, through
his minister, conding in the aid of the Most High,
resting on the precepts Of the Prophet, we judge
proper to seek by institutions to procure for the
provinces which compose the Ottoman empire, the
benefit Of good administration" The hatncherf
incfit
Il. Securities to the subjects Of the empire for their
life, honor and property; 2. regular mode OF taxa
ton; 3. A uniform mode of enlsting soldiers, and
regular term Of service A. Publicity in debates and
in judicial trials" "These concessions" says the
imperial ruler "extend to all our subjects, OF what
ever religion they may be-"
Reschid-Pacha used every effort to realize the
promises of the haiti cherif OF Gu Hane He changed
the system OF public taxes, organized municipal
councils without distinction of religion or OF race,
composed penal code to render equal justice to all,
| and put down the highest personages when they
violated the laws. Against ReschidPacha were
leagued all the corrupt Office holders all the discon-
tented muftis and ulemas and the friends OF
old abuses; and this conspiracy being upheld
by Russia, the noble minister was deposed
in March ls4l He returned TO Paris and continued
his investigation into western civilization, while full
filing The duties of ambassador He had frequent
interviews with Louis Philippe's councillors. His
aim was to foster the alliance between England and
France in order to protect his country against the
ambition Of the Muscovite Gar Abdul-Medids ap-
pointment of Reschid Pacha as Minister OF Foreign
Affairs is an act of resistance to the Cabinet OF St
Petersburg and the planest proof that the Sultan is
determined to maintain his rights, attacked III the AZ
ant note OF Prince MenschikoK
Rescbid. Pacha is man OF medium height and ro
bust frame. His face is dark, with regular features
he wears short beard which distinguishes him from
the Orientals. His nose is aqnilne; his eyes are
black and brilliant His whole physiognomy and at
which characterize the Turkish race. He speaks
little; his manners simple; he usually wears none
Of his many decorations. In the bosom OF his FAM
y he is kind, afectionate, readily joining in his chill
drens sports. Reschid Pacha is favorable specimen
of the Ottoman character.
The Danabian Provinces.
After leaving Tultcha we arrived at GalatZ OF
the same evening, Dune 5, 1859 in ffty-six hour
from Constantinope. From Tultcha upwards tn,
waters of the Danube, confined to one single bed
spread out at times to mile in width, and possess
grandeur worthy of the Mississippi of Europe; but
the northern bank, and in general the southern,
tnue to be fiat, and the waters in many places were
OVERLOOKING its banks. The Russian side bore no evi
dence of life, with the exception of the perpeually
recurring quarantine condor, stray horse or a COW
and occasional Cossack horseman passing from
| one station to another.
Galatz, the great commercial port Of Moldavia
its origin to the fact that it is the only place
where the province Of Moldavia touches the Danube
and that here alone there is bluff elevation for
part of the the town, of from fifty to seventyve feet
above the water. It is about two hours distant from
the renowned river Pruth the east, and from the
river Sereth the west; and these rivers serve as
natural canals to discharge at its quays the products
OF the two provinces. There is stagnant lake, de.
rived from the overlooking waters of the Pruth, and
several miles in circumference, which spreds out just
behind the town, and is the fertile OF pestilen
tial miasms during the whole summer The popula-
tion of the town is about Is 900. Nearly all the
commercial operations carried on by the Greeks
generally under the protection of passports OF Greece,
Russia, England, or Austria. Three thousand YES
sells from foreign ports, on an average, come mere
every year. OF which from 500 to 700 are Eng
lish and 19-2Oths of their cargoes are composed
| OF grain, chiefly wheat By simple arrangement
these ships are loaded and cleared while yet in
| quarantine. For half mile in front Of one portion
of the town brick wall separates it from the river
| At hundred places in this wall holes are pierced
through which the grain is thrown from The town
side by means Of spouts into bags held by quaran-
| tine porters, who carry their loads through the
water on board the ships which are loading. The
the has little thnt readns IL in.