The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-08-30

AIOng C6HBE unUc0u1y, %
than any other portion Of the eastern coast OF
the continent from Florida to Brazil. Inc
western coast the other hand is entirely saiaoI-
GUS, whie the interler Is generally 3D. Inc temper
| lis that of our June. The average OF the ther-
mometer for April and May, the two hottest months
/ OF the year, was II degrees OF FaIeaheiI ms
temperature perfectly adapted TO northern cohsIsa
,oas and cur people could laber here with less dan.
ger fron exposure than in any part of the United
/ States. The climate being eqOabe-the greatest
range Of the thermometer in the year not exceeding
fifteen degIees--colds, coughs, cataIrhs and those
/ numerous pulmonary complaints resulting from the
sudden variations in our climate, are almost wholly
unknown. The fevers Of the interior are slight and
yield rapidly TO the q,.ixa, which is abundant and
indigenous IN the country
mountains, wheat potatoes and the other grains and
| fruits Of the temperate zone, are cultivated
without difficulty. The valleys and plains pro
duce cotton, coffee, sugar, rice, indigo, tobacco,
and all the tropical staples may be produced with
out limit The sObaccO Of Santa Rosa Is famous for
ts excellence large quantities are sent TO Havana
where it is manufactured and sold az genuine
Cuban. Before the decadenee Of the country from
intestine difficulties, it had unequalled reputation
throughout Spanish America ana WAS exported to
Mexico, Peru, and SPAIN The exports Of the raw
tobacco previous TO 1929 10 said " have amounted
To 81 900 900 annually.
Honduras ia more fayorahy situated In respect 70
rol ts than any other central American State. Upon
The Atlantic side il has number only two OF which
are now used, viz, Onoa and lruxillo. On the
Pacific it has the Gne Gulf Of FnseCa, and the free
port OF AmapalS On the Island Of Tgre. | under
stand she viii soon establish free ports on the At
lanuc.
The people Of Honduras are distinguished
throughout Central America FOR being more 70
buet and hardy than Sheir neighbors Of the other
States; as o consequence, they have attained
high reputation as soldiers IN the bloody
struggle, through which the country at large has
passed. 1t has Also produoed more puolic men dis
ipguished fer their ability and .lberafsy Of senti
ns Mt than any other State Don Jose de Ia Vale,
the master spirit OF the independence, native
Of this State. so, tO0 was Gen. Francisco Mcrasan,
who, with al his errors, was doubtless the best maa
Spanish America has yet produced Gen. Trinidad
Cabanas the fds Achilles Of Morasan, the unques-
toned head Of the liberal party Of Central America,
and President Of the State, Is native Of Coma
ysgua.
Politically, In common with the other States, Hon
drIas is involved in some difficulty, but not OF the
interior. Some months ago, the savage h0rdes Of
Cayrera, who il now dictator OF the called repub
lie Of Guatemala invaded the territories Of HOnd lras
in pursuit Of some OF Carreras victims, flying from
unbridled erocty They penetrated AZ far IS Copan,
where they committed the most brutal excuses on
the defenceess inhabitants. No sooner di1 the news
reach the capital than the government Of Honduras
demanded an apology, the punishment Of the officer
at the head OF the fOray, and reparati0n OF the
| damages which had been 0Ocasi0ned. The govern
ment of CsrreIa temp0riZed, but finally declined the
requiston, whereupon General Cabanas at the head
Of considerable force, marched ct once to the from
| tiers Of Guatemala and repeated his demand.
| Carrera hastily raised an army to confront him. but
should rise against him in his absence, proposed an
armistice and negotiations, TO which General Ca
| baBas assented. Commissioners were appointed on
both sides, and convention drawn up in terms osn
ceding the reasonable demands OF Honduras, which
was at once ratified by General Cabanas and the
Legislature OF the State. Meantime, under pretenee
that Carrera was in the city Of Guatemala, that
State delayed its action, while, in fact, Carrcra was
1 20 and f1an
Honduras forces General Cabanas snspectng
foul play augmented his forces, and gave
Carrera to understand that he knew his bad faith;
whereupOn the latter openly rcpndated the conven-
present as respects Guatemala. Carrera is evidently
afraid TO risk fight, unless supported by some Of
the other States In every contest with Caanas he
| has been wOntcd, and he remembers the rod.
| There are, aso other difficulties, resulting ron
the attempt ia farm union of tie three central
| States-Hondaras, San Salvador, and Nicaragua.
The initiative 70 such unhn was taken by our
representative in the country IN lSi9 in obedience
| TO instructions from Washington. The result was
| pact between these States, signed III Leon, in No
| vember lS49. This act was subsequently HRanl-
mously adopted by the States, and measures taken
for organizing a constituent assembly Meanwhile,
the general administration Of affairs was Gevoyed
upon pro tenpo,e President and government, styled
the National Representation. The general powers
OF the States formally surrendered to this body
January / 1851, VIXEN it entered upon its duties.
Subsequently, and dsregarding this important fact.
the administration Of Fillmore in its blind anxiety to
reverse the policy Of General Taylor and Mr.. Polk
in Genital America, sent charge d'dHdrs to
Nicaragua, one Of the States Of the coniedera-
ton. He arrived in due season. and presented his
credentials 10 the State authorities who Of course
had alternative but to decline them, and refer
him TO the National Representation. This reference
he chose to regard ne Insulting, and replied in a
must undigniGed and petllent manner to the effect
| that his government knew nothing OF the new
federation And from that day his efforts were
tLA c~C& lib and
cratic faction TO break down this only bulwark OF
the liberal canse in Central America. Joined wiih
the cowardly anr-American policy OF Fiilmore's
| administration in Central America generally, which
tended create dsTust OF the United States and thus
TO d prit the liberal party and paraze its energies
the efforts Of the Eng sh the serslc factiOn5t and
their Fillmore ally, the American Charge d Afaires
proved but too successful. Obstacles were opposed
to the favorable issue Of the constituent assembly
the public faith in i. shaken, and finally, In March
last, the State of Salvador Withdrew its members,
and repudated the pact, and its unworthy example
| was shortly afterwards followed by Eicara sua
leaving Honduras alone in its adhesion to the pact
and the principle OF federation. This att followed
rather rom tho Accession 10 power Of rcactonists in
| Nicaragua and San Salvador, than from any enpha-
tic change IN the sentiment Of the people at large.
That the government OF San Salvador feared the
results Of It's own act is shown from the fact that
II has called in the aid o. CarTeras savages 10 keep
! down the liberal sentiment.
What will be the result of this state things
| ~ ~ 'uPo0TAeis W Gay. Inc POLITICAL SKY
dark indeed, aud il anarchy resumes it, reign,
the fearful responsibility Of it, results will
| in great part rest upon that weak and
wicked administration which has 80 recently term-
mated Its dssiaceful career, and upon its equally
weak and noleeyed agents. Gen. Pierce enters
upon his administration 70 find the affairs Of Central
America complicated, American influence there
broken, and reactonary, servie English policy Of
disorganzation In the ascendant II will require all
the skill and Energy Of the representative Of the
United States, which he may send to that country
TO revive ogsin the liberal cause, and regain our
lost influence.
You have doubtless been advised Of the recent
pi9tical movements OF the British steamer Deyast.t-
ton upon the ooesS u this State. The valuable
mahogan, cuttings "a Honduras have long been
looked upon with ayarcious and longing eyes by the
English, in The usurpston of Belize; and as the
wood has disappeared in their vicinity, they
have gradually begun to encroach upon the ter
ritories OF Honduras Now, under the Laws
OF this State, anybody can cut wood upon
paying certain sum per Un 20 the
state. But certain Fnglishmen some time ago com
a,d,