The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-06-16


Mr. PoPE then stated that he had understood that
the ri Rsy MshoP 9tsy had some very important Tsso
erepd eentlemsn be permitted and invited to do 60
The CHAIR said that such motion was unnecessary.
and then invited the Bishop to the stand when he offered
the following resolutions and remarks:-
Mr.. President and Gentlemen Of the Conventional do
not forward on this occasion Of my motion or
accord but may say at the suggestion OF distinguished
friend in whose views most fully and heartily
deem this explanation necessary for those who know
that the business of this convention is not in my usual
line OF effort. Add yet must say, too that there is
under the shining sun who takes deeper interest In
tie material proees and mproven emit OF our country
and section than DO The resolutions, which beg
to offer, reed as fellows
Resolved That TIE free navigation Of the Amazon Is one
s Best {. sss
Resolved That tho naval expedition sent By this govern
s. s. the ri tho with
tier MAN water The free navigation Of the
ahssd and fssr not 'Nsy As fsA' 70 'e 9
That q, tho Of
Atlantic Of South Americas t.bs subdned and rePsn
xmssen principal which sh.t q shs
. &c It %
only 70 thi, country and 70 All
q Isst problem q human HTosss sas
Convention think declare in Judgment tho
ss.%ssss Ssasle s.n 4 sss spls%sssy & The
by, any price that it becomes nation
Resolyed, That - be appointed to invite, in the
n and o to a c Of I
river through swth the people nhabing the banks Of
its tributaries.
These resolutions Continued the Rev Bishop are based
upon enlarged and liberal views Of the interests OF the
objects at which they AIM II accomplished will contri
butte in eminent degree, to enlarge the sphere Of hui
man knowledge 70 open new sources OF wealth % com
merc8l enterprise TO extend The blessings of civilization
to cherish the spirit Of free institutions, and by promot
ng the elevation of mans moral character to suberve
the great purposes of his creation. The nature OF
and the spirit Of active industry and enter
prise which distinguish our countrymep obviously sug
gest that they are to act most important part in the
fntuIe history Of world and may be allowed to
they are perhaps destined in the order Of Divine
Providence, to dc than any other people in
scarcely possible in the rapidly advancing progress OF
this age, believe that the notions of former day
and the Of establishing those rights and attaining
those Objects will be resorted to and recognized us
imperative necessity This necessity must be judged Of
not in times past by considerations Of might merely
but BY the moral influence of public opinion But how
ever that may be- we are persuaded that wars of
quest to crafty the lust of power and the pride ambi-
ton will not longer be tolerated by enlightened naoas
Enough of the spirit of Christianity is felt by civil.
zsd governments to make resort arguments founded
reason and considerations Of mutual advantage and
general utility the imperative duty Of rulers Since these
principles have been Recognized and the conduct of
tions regulated practically in accordance with their
knowedgmen the condition Of has everywhere been
sion of intelligence the extension of in the
veoIemen of the natural Of various countries
and the cultivation OF the arts OF peace in combustion
with the discoveries Of science the recognized
and legitimate means of individual improvement and
tonsl glory, insomuch that We seem almost to have
reached that predicted and ardenty prayed for state
when mankind shall beat their swords into plough
shares arc their spears into pruning hooks when nation
they learn any more. The objects contemplated by
these resolutions look to these results and in this spirit
they submitted to the and action Of this
We m TIA din mol oenn
jet let US take rapid survey Of that region the capa
blties and resources Of which for and the
to the industrial energies of counymen and of
the world Geographe.s usually divide South America
skrtrg the shores of the Pacific ocean from fifty to one
hundred and fifty miles in breadth, bounded the east
by the clad summit Of the Andes, and in its whsle
extent possessing not nsvigabe river worth naming
The northe extremity Of this territory winding around
the bay Of Panama like fringe, is fertile as
is aso the outhern portion of Chill extending to the
Gulf of Guateca TIE middle part arid sandy desert
q The basin Of the Orinoco having the Andes on the
west some Of their spurs extending eastwardly
SOUTH dividing the waters OF the Orinoco from those of
the Amazon except, perhaps. in one instance, where
their tributaries nterlock and it is said occasionally
unite to admit Of the passage Of vessels from
the other. This region goes under the general Of
Columbia, consisting Of three confederate republics
first two front north, the Caribbean sea, and
wateIed by the Orinoco and the Magdalena The last
southern boundary, and is drained by its numerous tri
butaIies fed by the SHOWS Of the lofty Andes the
equator with the exception Of this little republic of
EcIacoIttle by CON paIon in extent Of territory but
large in the spirit of erpri ethe basin Of the Orinoco
country consisting for the most part of extensive
plains called anos either deetituteof wood or dotted
with trees but covered with rank her bage coarse
grass during part Of the year. In the dry the
Lest is intense the soil becomes parched and opens
into cracks ard fssures in which multitudes sertents
and reptiles that infet these tcrras caientesn find
fuge To the east of Venezuela, and fringing on the
Atlantic coast extending far south Cape Orange
in four degrees north latitude lies Guiana country pos
SCI sed BY the English Dutch and French. We wish to
character OF this region. owned now BY some Of the
most powerful commercial nations in the world,
may be I borne in mind when come
coast of Guiana is low. skrted by a Sand bank ex.
trdipg seven eight miles out to sea, making the
xster ii is said like dirty puddle all along the
TIE water becomes shallow towards the shore SO that
drawing more than twelve feet stick fast in the
the coast for hundreds of miles 60 uniform presenting
nothing but the tops OF trees just above the that
slips which are strangers to the Shore along the
coast till they decry house and then send boat ashore
through the mud to ascertain what part Of the coast
they may be The ouths of rivers discovered BY
difference Of the color Of the fresh water which dis
ceInble many miles out at Mud and sand have &C
cumua'ed ia 'front.' OF them to such extent that large
vessels cannot enter them The low fiat country that
miles and so nearly on level with the tina. when
it is cultivated the ground becomes consolidated and
sinks beneath the sea level that continued attention
necessary to prevent by embankment its being
flowed Behind the fat country Of the coast the land
s BY succession Of , stsppe, consisting Of undostDg
.
SOUTH separating it from Colombia and Brazil g. The
third division Of South America In its grand physical
features is the basin Of the noble Amazon the king Of
rivers It is vast plain extending from deg N to 20
deg latitude and stretching almost entirely the
Peninsula possessing soil exuberany rich and humid
climate, covered almost through its whole aod
vast extent With dense forests, which harbor iDnu
nerabe tribes OF wild animals, and tbnly inhabited
by the natives. who live by hunting ard fishing But
OF this division and its productions by aud by.
The great Southern plain watered b. the L. Plata and
its bgtsries eesceneing from the eastern decv,e Of
the Andes The greater portion Of this region occupied
by ina ensc plains called Psmpss In places they
ere barren and destitute Of water but in general they
are covered with luxu,ant gro rth Of weedi and tall
grass, which support podgious herds Of horses and cat
tie, AND afford shelter to a few animals of prey To
The east end north OF the La Plata and rivers
found the high country Of Brazil presenting altenate
roges and valleys thick covered With wood on the side
table lands in the interior OF these FIVE divisions of the
phy,ca geography Of South America the northern coast
of Combs stretching along the Caribbean Sea- is most
accessible to in position; the valley of the Amazon is
the next In poiot OF and all the elements Of
no ada