Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-06-11

II was tie Atlantic coast and in the colonies orig-
nay planted acquired by England that the great
work Of the seventeenth century perfomed-sowly
tosomely; effectively mighty work for America and
mankind, of which We fond proud of II as we
are, do but family guess the magnitude TApplause Ii
could hardly be said at the time to prosper in any its
parts 1t yielded return TO the pecunary capital in
vested The political relations Of the colonies from the
first those of encroachment and resistance and
the moral principle far as there one, on which
4 they founded not consistently carried out
There conflict with the savages with the French
and Spanards Earring and feuds between neghboring
colonies persecution Of dissenting individuals and sects
perpetual dscord with the and the proprietares
Yet in the main, and ON the whole,
The work went brayely on"
Things that did not work singy worked together; or if
they did not work together they worked by reaction and
collision Feeble germs of settlement grew to the conss-
tency of powerful colonies habits of civil
rooted themselves in soil that continually stirred
by political agitation the frame Of future Republics knit
ITSELF it in embryo, under monarchical system
of colonial rule and in the middle of the eighteenth
fury the approach of mighty changes began be dy
foreseen by gifted spirits faint streak Of purple light
bushed along the eastern sky Applause
Two things worth mentioning contributed to the result
One the absence Of the precious metals The British
colonies rich in the want Of gold As the abundance of
gold and silver in Mexico and Peru contributed in
rious ways to obstruc the prosperity of the Spanish
lonies the want Of them acted less vorab here In
the first settlement of savage wilderness the golden at
traction is too powerful for the ordinary routine of e
1t produces feyersh excitement unfavorable to the
healthy growth and calm action of the body polite. AL
though California he's from the first had the advantage of
being incorporated into stable political system ofwhich,
sister State she forms integral part, it is quite
doubtful whether looking to her permanent we'll being,
the gold is to be blessing to her 1t win hasten her
settlement but that would at any rate have advanced
with great rapidty One Of the most intellectual in
this country, the author of of the most admirable
works in language, mean " Two Years Before the
Mast, once remarked to me that California would be
of al~ otfes III tlc WorIu 10 i've III A ~ were
not for the gold"
The other circumstance which operated in the most IA
vorable manner upon the growth OF the American
colonies the fact that they called into existence
less by the government than the peopethat they
settled notify bodies of colonsts but by individual emf
grants. The Crown gave charters of government and
grants of land and considerable expenditure made
by of the companies and propreors who received
these grants but upon the whole the United States
settled by indiyiduasthe adventurous, resolute high
spirited, and in many prosecuted and women,
who sought home and refuge beyond the sea and
such the state of Europe in the seventeenth and
eighteenth centuries that it furnished succession Of
victims of long series Of political and religious disas
tiers and prosecutions who found after another
safe and congenia retreat in of the American
colonies.
This noble theme has been treated with beauty and
power by whom need not name in this presence,
the Historian of the United States,) which, without i'm
pairing their authenticity have converted the pages
of our history into magnificent Odyssey of national adj
venture can but glance at the dates The first settle
mcnt, that Of Virginia, commenced the spirit of
worldly enterprise, with slight dash however, of chi
vary and romance the part of its leader In the next
generation this colony became the favorte resort of the
loyal cavaliers and gentlemen who Disguised by the
austerities of the English Commonwealth fell under its
suspicion. In the mean time, New England founded
by those who suffered the penalties of non-conformy.
The mighty change of 1910 stopped the tide of emgra
ton New England but recruited Virginia with those
who disaffected to Cromwell.
In 1924 the Island Of Manhattan-of which you have
perhaps heard, laughter, and if not you will find its
history related with learning judgment and good TASTE
by loyal descendant of its early settlers Mr. Brod-
head)-was purchased of the Indians for twenty-our
dollars sum of money by the way, which seems rather
low for twenty-five thousand of land including the
site of this great metropolis but which would if put out
at compound interest at per cent in 1924 not
haps fall so very much short Of its present value
though admit that dollar for thousand acres is
quite cheap for choice spots the 9th Laugh
Maryland next attracted those who adhered to the
encient faith of the Christian world. New Jersey and
Pennsylvania mainly settled by prosecuted Quakers
but the latter offered asylum to the Germans whom
the sword of Louis XIV drove from the Palanate The
French Huguenos driven by the revocation of the
ect of Nantes scattered themselves from Massachusetts
to Carolina. The Dutch and Swedish settlements the
Hudson and the Delaware provided kindred home for
! the New World The Wings Of England who rebelled
against James H. in 1885, and sent to the transa
lantc colonies lived long enough to meet in exile the adj
herents of his son, who rebelled against George l. in
l715 The oppressed Proestants of Sazburg with
0gethorpe to Georgia. and the Highanders who fought
for Charles Edward in 1T45 deported by hundreds
to North Carolina. They punished by being sent
from their bleak hills and sterile to land of album
dance and liberty they banished from oatmeal por
ridge to meat twice day. Laughter. The Gaelic
language is still spoken by their descendants and thou
sands of their kindred at the present day would doubt
gladly share their exile Applause
There is doubt that the hardshps which awaited the
emigrant at that early day neither few slight
though greatly exaggerated for want Of information.
Goldsmith in " The Deserted Village published in 1769,
gives somewhat amusing picture of the state of
things he supposed exist beyond the that
time As his local allusion is to Georgia, it is probable
that he formed his impressions from the accounts which
were published London about the middle Of the last
century by Of the disconnected settlers of that
| lony. Goldsmith, being well acquainted with Gen. 0gle-
thorpe likely enough to have had his attention called
to the subject Perhaps you will allow to enliven my
dull prose with few, lines of his beautiful poetry AT
describing the suerngs of the poor in London at that
time reyertng to the condition of the inhabitants Of his
imaginary Auburn, and asking whether they probably
shared the he had just painted he thus his
question:
l. All no, to distant chimes, dreary scene,
Where half the convex world obtrudes between;
Through torrd tracts, with ainting steps they go,
Where wild Aama murmurs to their woe.
Far different there from all that charmed before,
The various terrors Of that horrid shore
j Those blazing that dart a downward ray,
! And fercely shed inolerable day;
/ Those matted woods, where birds forget to sing,
But silent bats in drowsy clusters cling
Those poisonous fields with rank luxuriance crowned,
Where the dark scorpion gathers death around,
Where, at each step, tho stranger fears TO wake
The rafting terrors Of the vcngeful snake;
Where crouching tigers wait their helpless prey,
And savage more murderous still than they
While oft in whirls the wild tornado flies
MingIng the rayaged landscape with the skies.
In this rather unnvtng SKETCH it must be confessed
that easy recognise the natural features of that
thriving State which possesses at the present day above