New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-02-05
SKETCHES OF LECTURES.
The Volcanic Character OF Italy-The Bay Of
Naples, and the Bay Of Bais.
pY PROFESSOR srrrrnAy.

4 pT fRoFrSsoE sfLIfNAN.
The Ninth Lecture of the Winter Course
before the members Of the Brooklyn Institute de-
Evered on Thursdsy evening by Prof. SILLrAAS. His
subiee, was the Volcanic Character Of Italy, including
the old Volcanoes, E.na and yesuvias together with
notices Of the Ruins around the Bay of Bais IA por
ton of the bay of Naples and also, notices OF the
Volcanic Islands OF the Coast Of Sicily including
the perpetual vent Of S,romboi Previous to enter.
| ing upon the immediate subject of this evenings
lecture the speaker took retrospective glsnce az tie
subject which occur;e their attention weeks 90
viz: The Volcanoes around Rome, and Their physical
effects and the buried cities OF Pompeu ana Hercus-
neum, together with some observations thereon. he-
turning the immediate theme OF the present evening
lecture he remarked that pursuing way around the
| Bay OF Naples, come 20 he Bay Of Bse Tne City
Of Naples ssd be, seems 70 have mracuouslT escaped
the visifaons Of lava from the volcanoes around IT, and
behind IT, These hills full Of lava but t has never
yet reached the city in ts erupnons Near TINS place IS
the tomb Of Virgil He died IN Calabria and bis body
was brought and deposited here. We next come 20 a
grotto called the Dogs GruttoH
This groto il fed with carbonic acid gas and this
eHiux OF gas is characteristic Of the whole hiA Tle
villa OF Lucullus next attracts attention The re-
eion where arriving contains numerous
craers Going on ttIe further we come 70 Mont Ba
vAra: and close By il The New Mountain" as Ia
called. which broke out about thirty years ago went
upon this mountain and found IL very besutifHl We
pass toward the scenes of the heroic Romano
The Elysian Fields' poor oysterbed, on so
small scale that they scarcely stentiOn
Still il very natural for Virgil TO give 80 rOmsn.ic
character a. he did.
wepass on little further TO the remarkable ruins of
the great Temple Of Jupiter Scraps MI records OF which
runs there still remaining three columns. which are
perforated with shehsh These fish have the power OF
boring into xbe and the Inference that This strc
ture let down below the surface Of the and
thus the columns became perforated Sir Charles Ly'
ell informs us OF ancient bridges and temples having
risen frum the where they hal been long hidden
This IL q weiLknown geological fact We come now
around the Bay OF Bazaar, % the old Romsn srutnres
Here tie Roman Emperors and poets delighted to
wander Here Cicero and his friends del ghtcf 20
stroll and gather the besutn shells on the sea shore
kut now, al ruin and desolston The temples haze
gone to ruin, and the acqueducts are broken and de-
,iruyed Fires under the whole Of this region,
and they will one day break out. Crossing the Bay
ii Naples, toward Efna we come 20 the EJlan ISL
tnds7 called the "Lpsri Islands" very rernsrka-
bic in the production OF volcanic lavaa We next see
strumboh which u well called the Light Of the Med-
terrsDeaa ever burning md has arisen out OF me
bottom OF the and has been burning since me ear
ht ages In the Baths OF Nero the water has also been
boiling since the days Of the Romans. We put
esgs IN this water and they were very soon boiled
think IL pity the tyrsnt Nero not put IN here
Laughter We next come % the straiyhts OF Soyla
and Chsrbydis Of such uotOrety by the poets but
nothing compared with our " Hargate, In Long Island
Sound We should scarcely suspect II place Of such
classical reverence We now come 10 Measina. about
which place hilir scsrad Ia great confusion Inc
Klng u Naples built road from this place to Catana
The OF the people in very poor ana degrldeu
condition, / never saw place where poraH "a 80
degraded by She Is here made beast ot burien,
literally. We now come next TO the city OF Catans.
This very beautiful city In the great revolution oi
1915 this ci.y together with Messna, pulaged and
burned. From Catania you have very fine view. The
city ancient city and is built upon lava In 1909,
a volcano opened here, from which the lava flowed
down 20 city, into the Mediterranean Sea- and formed
a bsautful cone This lava Ia not yet decomposed
We now come TO yesuyius II L impossiblefor me 20
give you any adequate idea OF this volcano. Il 4 situated
OF the bay and easoufh east OF the City Of Ma
ples and has been celebrated for many centuries
Of the sctive volcanoes Of Europe Us hight varies
according the condition in which erupcons leave tho
craier-and owing % the the figure Of the
mountain changes from time to time-alih0ugh, in a
general sense It Il always conic lis top seems 70 be
covered with blocks OF and scorH cut Bto various
assures lis presen hight u about zoo feet Inc hs
tory Of the eruPtons Of Ve-uvus has been treated ~
DR. Dsubeny, in his Treatise on Volcanoes and Mr.
Lysll tn his Principles Of Geology"
Etna Is situated in the northeastern part OF the
BLAND Of Sicily, close TO the sea-cosst, between
the towns OF Taorminl and Cstania, and Is encir.
eled the north, west and south By the Rivers
Alcsntaxa and Slneto. IL called by the Arabs
after he conquest Of the island Je5ei "a Mar, or
"Mounisin OF Fire and the mOdera Sicihans call Il
Monglello According 10 the measurement OF Capt
Smyth The highest point Of Kna IL Ocli iees above
the level 1.-THE The higher paris q the slountan
have climate almost different from the valleys AZ %
foot the polar from the equatorial ons There
three great natural dyisions zones IN she noun
sin-the fertile, the woody, and me desert The low
[ic'-SH%fSff
that lies at the foot OF the mountain Tue next the
RsSiOns SelcO.G the woody, covered with immense
forests ofchesnuts, OAKS beeches and pines faethird
and hghes. region called the PGrts Se0pG the bare
desert, rises nearly 400 feet higher.
People dsen on these mountains very nesrthe crater
and do appear think themselves N the es; dan
eer from an eruption Bot every few years there comes
an eruption, which sweeps away house, a village.
There are cones and currents eli over Ktnil During
the last hy years II has been ersptye once IN every
Our YEAR, In the year ls:s6 there eruption Ut
very great power like the discharge OF ery, buE
while wswere there there was no eruption.
The lecturer closed his discOurse BY some observs-
tons on the probable OH "a Of the interior beat Of the
earth: snd ssd that there coal In my OF the
eoun res where volcanoes exist; that this have
influence the heat and be thought the force
irloexf IA ne eGrA The primssy Of This heat IL
ia,frHol eisric1y We produce the het by batter
es and make II last long TINE The lecturr went
explain he mode Of producing this heat By the AID u
gs- batteries, tub-s, &c II Is an inherent power IL
belongs 20 the earth Tai gslyanie power has many
peculiar substances, rorn which msy b. produced
ersl different zases. THIS gsvabic power produces
thsse VARIOUS elects Ia extremely cold, well
very warm regions Hence ind vocGai: ares burst
Ing out from the bowes OF tie mOunfsin and the depths
OF tie Thus We End yolesnO IA the Is lnd Of Pa
Bsvs bursting up 0Uf OF the wafer where so ieet
deep.
The next lecture Of the course sill Be deli cred net
Be Wster Is Ssrzra! History inclaiaz Observations
the Alpine Glaciers; iss Relations 70 Human Wants
Heath an locg Lie"