The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-07-11
CRYSTAL PALACE WEEK IN new York.
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THE GREAT EXHIBITIONS OF THE WORLD.
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The Fairs Of France, England, Germany, Italy,
Spain, and other Countries,
H., Gc., &C.

H., &c., &C.
The Inauguration Of the New York Industrial ExAibtco
of the productions Of all nations which Ia take place
Thursday next renders 'his peculiarly appropriate
time to pubrh history Of the principal fairs Of the
world In the following account i. has been object
to describe only the most ensve and have
quenty been obliged to omit large number Of merely
local Importance We should state that the fairs of
chief cities Of Africa omitted this account they
certainly comparable in any respect to those Of
Europe.
EUROPEAN FAIRS.
In these modern times waen fairs and shows have be-
the order of the day and have TO great exent
taken the place of that ancient spirit which used only
delight In the prde pomp and circumstance OF glorious
war" is interesting to know the history of this peace
full revolution, from its infancy to the present The sys
tenn Of arranging industrial produce for public inspection
and instruction. may be traced to the Orientas-to the
Persans Indians aud Turks The Eastern bazaars are
the earliest Indications OF this system established for
the purposes 0, trade wsll a. show. The Western
States Of Europe tbis in many other civilized cha
racterstics copied from these Eastern empires and
influence the world by the extent which they have
carried these peaceful exhibitions
FAIRS OF FRANCE.
Among the States of Europe France deservealy ooeu
pies the most prominent position in being the first ap.
precate encourage and sustain the custom OF
the works of peace, which has led to the great indus
trial exhibitions in London New York and other places
The arst fair Of importance held in France near the
time of the FIRST French revolution In the year 1897
(the fifth year Of the French Republie,) the Marquis
dAveze, being appointed commission to the manufAc
lures Of the GobslDs tapestries porceAins and carpets
all Of which had greatly suffered during the Revolution
suggested an exhibition Of these and other articles Of
Evoue he Mto;.fa IF
Francois de Neufhatesu gave his approb TO this
proposition, and account Of his Official position was
always regarded the father of these exhibitions till in
the year 1914 the credit given to the Marquis
dAveze who clearly proved hs title to this distinction
This fair held in the Chateau Of st. Cloud and was
one of great magn6cence and spendor According to his
tory the walls hung with the most gorgeous Gobeln
tapestry the fsors covered with the elegant
CARPETS of the savonnee at that time equal in beauty
and texture to the fIest carpets Of Turkey aud
superior to them. In addition to these beautiful
magnificent gobets and in short the saloons
adorned with AL the finest works Of art The productions
Of this exhibition designed to be disposed OF BY
terry and the proceeds intended to relieve those who
in the lowest state Of poverty from the revelation
decree of the Directory of France however baniahing
the nobility compelled the Marquis Aveze to leave the
seat of his Abors and thus the objects Of the exhibition
were thwarted and thus unnecessarily 1t terminated
The next exhibition of France and the frst that was
triumphant, held shortly after the termination Of
the above and founded under the direct patronage
the Emperor Napoleon At tho close Of the year 1897
after this great chieftain had returned from his brilliant
campaign 10 Italy, he determined to associate the spos
Of with the products Of peace and by public expo-
sition Of the works of the French to stimulate
them to greater industry and enterprise Accord
ingly, the "Temple of Industry" was erected on the
Champ de Mars and it iaaugursted with imperial
msgnifcence. The sword was sheathed and for
while forgotten amid the splendid es attendant upon
this industrial ovation. This exhibition, the first in
France for which building specially erected,
in its infancy styled "a fair" but the patronage
bestowed upon by all classes the rush made to exhibit
there the genius, and spsrdor Of the country
soon 1t national Importance and gained for it the
name Of the "Temple Of Industry" The following ex-
tract full of meaning eloquence and truth from the
speech Of Francois de Neuchaeau upon the
occasion Of the opening of the Temple:-" We are NO
longer in those unhappy times when ensaved industry
trembed to bring forth the fruits of her skill and medi
taton; when CALLING enactmeuts monopoH ling corpora
tons and fiscal burdens bowed down the inventive spirit
when art being at the instrument and slave Of dos
potism to rvet the chains about the citizen and
owed to fattery corruption and the humiliation
of a shameful servitude." What q change Lad even
then teen made between that period and the time then
not long pas. when special enactment
to enable Lenor the ustrio 4sioventor Of matne
Instruments pursue the dictates Of his utesc-when
veAati0us agd npedments the most beset the
path Of Revlou who first introduced the art OF painting
paper Frsncen short when arrogant msnsyed
poles and royal sanctioned lived sussstsd
for ages by the Imprisonment Of Skill and the triumph Of
ignorance The "Tsmpe Of Industry kept open three
days. and during that time tho absorbing theme Of
the French people. At this exhibition committee of
nine composed Of Of the most celebrated and seien
t6c scholars Of that day. awarded medals TO the most
successful exhibitors This entire fGe crowned with
great success and may be regarded the pioneer Of
| all national exhibitions.
The next fair Of the French established in the year
1901 and during the three years which elapsed SINS the
last exhibition rapid progress had made in science
and art This the second successful national exposition,
limited entirely to the products Of the French
but contributions received from Belgun, Milan,
AK Ia Chapee, and other places Of Europe. For this
exhibition wooden galleries erected round the qua
darg gle of the Louvre and the exhibition directly
der the supervision Of the First Consul of the eminent
chemist Chapta the founder Of tho Ecoe ct Conserve
tors dss Arts and many other Of the most lustrous
citizens cfFrAnce The sagasity and prudence Of Napo-
leon in times of peace displayed by the active part
he took in advancing the interests of this expos
ton. He well understood that in times Of quietude he
must equally excite the admiration OF his subjects ~ in
times Of In person he visited the workshops Of
France and face to face conversed with the arzan and
the manufacturer As usual to all he full Of promises
for the future and socitude for their welfare. With him
their prosperity and happiness the highest desire.
We pause not to debate the motives of Napoleon, but
certain it is that he aroused the enthusiasm Of his
people, and ready to listen to their desires and
| to alleviate their waits lie always respected nay,
sdored intellectual greatness, and the man Of genius In
Napoleon always found associate and friend. He
bestowed upon the celebrated Jaquard whose fame has
become universal for his improvements yaucauson's
loom yearly pension of thousand francs and after
wards increased it to six thousand francs whe by the
jury Of prizes at this exhibition he rewarded with
only b. op2e medal for his great discovery This fair
lasted Fix days and its principal features improve
in the culture of wool and the pnI ing Of cotton.
And the carpets OF Saandrouze the china Of Ssvres the
henuara lemines morn Of