The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-06-04
Treaty with Paraguay.

We learn from the Alexandria Gazsae that letters have
been received from the hon John s. Pendeton Charge
d'Afares to the Argentine Confederation in which he
states that he has concluded and signed treaty Of
friendship, commerce and navigation with the govern
has been approved and ratified by the competent author
ties Of that government that only awaits the ap
probation of the of the United States and the
exchange of notifications, to go into effect.
The details of the treaty will of course remain
known until pub' he'd by authority but is to be pre-
sumed that it Of the usual form and substance the
representative of government would be author
lied to accept other and not at all likely to take
| which is not perfectly satisfactory.
This treaty very great mporance to the COM
merce of the United States since it opens to
chants country not only the richest and populous
in South America except Brazil but one which has been
heretofore closed against all foreign intercourse what
ever ard therefore in its whole extent entire and
new addition to the commerce of the world.
More than million of people, scattered country
larger than New York Pennsylvania and Virginia togo.
Their and which produces in the greater part il not
hole extent the richest articles of
merce-tobncco rice, cotton Indigo, Sc-must prove,
If not imme datey, certainly in q very short time,
most valuable addition to the business of the commercial
States and especially to the United States.
1t country not adapted to the production of wheat,
and must always rely foreign supply Of breadstufs,
except Indian corn which it produces very we'll 1t has
no manufactures, and must supply itself also from
abroad with most Of the articles Of that class which ts
new wants and VISIT resources will At the same time
den and and enable it so easily to pay for
This country WAS one Of the first OF the South Ameri
States which threw off the authority of the mother
country Its geog, aphical position the head waters
Of the Rio de Ia Plata rather At the head of ravga
not OILY secured its Independence but protected it
trsly from any attempt at its e-subjugation
1t exchanged the authority of old Spain for the rule of
Of the most remarkable men who has performed
part in the government Of States during the present
ceatury
For upwards of thirty years the celebrated Dr. Francia
continued to maintain his authority by of sys
tenn Of the most IeDorseess tyranny and caprcous
city Of which there any example in the history of the
world Ore Of the mears BY Which his power was con-
tinued unimpaired to the moment Of his death was
policy Of intercourse and isolation complete and
;rAA IF fhoi Ia.a l,u IF
country (Which nothing but the edics Of Francia
who united all power in his person. forbade the
any pretext wha or the fe who by any chance
cid enter, permitted TO return gerry few did
escape and from their imperfect reports only has the
world for half century bad any consciousness Of the
4tepce OF this republic. so called.
The talents of Franca profting by tn perpetual
fusons and civil Of the surrounding provinces,
bled him 20 protract long this singular anomaly Be-
ing himself the strongest power and standing perec y
aloof from all corrections whatever, he was allowed bis
way for the third o. century, and died in the full
possession and exercise of his pc ser
Af'Ar his death the present President, lopez was ap
pointed Although Lopez is not ytant, he has still
but very gradually relaxed the system Of Franca in re-
spsct to foreign intercourse He has steadily refused to
make treaties, though repeatedly solicited thereto not
only by the South American States but by the European
powers.
Within the last six months he persuaded TO make
treaty with the Argentine Confederation aud now has
signed and caused to be ratified one with England the
United States France and Sarcinia.
All these powers acting at and the time, and
conditions of intercourse and trade.
Our readers already know that Mr. Peudieton in con.
jun c'icn with Mr.. schenck succeeded in eifecting
treaty with the Oriental Republic OF Uruguay This
treaty with another Of the south American nations,
concluded by Mr. Pendeton justly entities that gentle
man great credit for his exertions and abilities All
accounts speak the highest terms Of his devotion to
the interests OF his country and of the signal success
which has attended his efforts accomplish objects
OF his mission He il still engaged assduousy in fur
ther diplomatic matters which doubt not will also be
successfully terminated.
from the Buffalo Advertiser, June O.
IMPORTANT TREATY.
Upon the downfall Of Rosa the erocous tyrant Of tie
Argentine Republic President Fillmore had reason to
suppose IL at nee confederation might formed under
Urquiza able and tagacious statesman, who might be
expected to comprehend the importance OF establishing
better relations with the United States, and thus pro-
noting the of the different Provinces and at
the sane time advancing the OF civilization
throughout the confederation. The PRESIDENT in view
of such cordi'ion OF affairs, with that comprehen
sive and enlightened forecast watch eminently dis
tngusbed the external policy OF his administration
promptly instructed and authorized Mr.. Schenck our
minister at Rio, and Mr. Pendeton, Charge d'Afares
at Buenos Ayres jointly ard severally, to nego
tate treaties Of anity, commerce ami navigation
either wi the several States OF which the Argentine Re-
public had been posed with the confederation
they should be united under Federal government
As auxiliary and in order TO ascertain the
and Of possessed BY the vast
country emb sced within the limits of the old conf.dera
ton, the President in autumn last despatched Com
mander Page an intelligent and pished officer Of
the navy in the steamer Water Witch expedition
10 the river Plate and is afiuenfs His instructions
to explore not only the Uruguay and the Parana the
two rivers which unite above the CITY of Buenos
Ayres and form the Plate but TO examine their trbuta
ries and the adjacent country and to gather such in
formation a. might be avaias to mercantile men seek
ing to push their enterprises into all productive regions
The wisdom II Mr. Flmore's proceedn gs has already
been verified Two treaties promising immense advan-
ages the country have already been nego under
the instructions given to the diplomatic agents Of the 60
yernmept above named One, a treaty Of frendsh 0,
commerce and navuation, with Uruguay, tho Banda
Oriental the State Of which Monteyideo IL the capital
Is termed received by the executive in the Of
the winter and sent to the Senate, by whom
il ratified Uruguay ~ an important commercial
State the exports from Meutevdeo alone amounting 70
nearly 81 900 900 year, and the IMPORTS to stu larger
sum. The Of the country IL estimated at seventy
thousand square miles, and the population ct three
hundred Thousand
The other treaty learn by private letter wa
concluded with the republic Of Paraguay By Mr. Psndle
ton, the 4th OF MARCH, IL Is called treaty OF friend
ship commerce and navigation, and similar one was
signed al the time BY the ministers 81 England,
Francs ard Sardinia The importance of having our re-
lsons with the South American countries prescr bed and
Determined b. treaty spulso viii be readily yed
With Paraguay formal Diplomatic understanding was
indipensable ms preliminary 20 the opening Of com
mercsl intercourse. For forty years that country has
been ~ utterly isolIte9 and secluded from the world
~ Jspan, aud prey11utiy 4 closed TO all