The Kalida venture. [volume] (Kalida, Ohio) 1841-1865, 1853-11-11
From the American. Union.
Russia and Turkey.


Russia and Turkey.
TIE late intelligence from Europe,
announcing the actual commencement Of
hoslillies upon an open declaration OF
war, by the Sultan, against Russia, has
given additional interest TO the Eastern
Question, involving, as it does, an incon-
gruous mass Of Inconsistencies almost
unparalleled in the worlds history. The
facts are simply these. Russia claims
the right 10 govern all who adhere to the
religion Of her church, no matter where
may be the country Of their residence.
Turkey proclaims the privilege of gov
erning all within The limits of her teriito-
~, no matter what may be the tenets of
their religious faith. Russia cannot gov
ern the Greek church, consistently with
the right Of Turkey TO govern her own
subjects, nor can Turkey govorn heI own
subjects, consistently with the rgh, Of
Russia 10 govern the Greek church.
Such is the alleged origin of the con>
hict.
Another difficulty, involving the adj
iustment of range of International law,
of most delicnte and intricate charac-
Ter, arises from the fact, that the States
Of Europe canno, 60 to war at pleasure,
consistently with the claim OF England
10 determine the condition upon which
they are TO remain at peace; but England
canno, determine the conditions Of con-
tinued peace, consistently with the per>
fec, right of sovereign States 10 go to
war at pleasure. Then follows long
series Of "notes," terms" and "modifica-
tions," which have figured largely in the
papers; and the plain history Of which is
this: the Gar sent note 10 The Turkish
Government, containing certain demands
on his part, respecting q spiritual Pro'ec'
,orale, This note being presented by the
Russian Prince Menschikoff, is generally
known as The Menschikoff Note. The
Dlyan, considering these demands mad
tnissible, refused TO grant them. The
Four Powers approved this refusal. and
. charged themselves with the substitution
= of some terms which the Porte might ac~
cepi in place Of The Objectionable Note
of the Russian Ambassador. These
terms they settled in Note Of their own
which has been styled The Vienna Note.
This Note, which they tho't the Porte
might safely admit the Emperor Of Russi'
:. a, once agreed TO admit also, And now
when the whole mat.es seemed to b'
. satisfactorily concluded, arose an ex'raor
dinary difficulty. The Turkish Govern
ment objected to the Vienna Note ha
It closely resembed Prince MenschI
kof''s, and modified it accordingly. Th
. Russians objected in turn TO these modl
s fica,ions, ha, they destroyed the Vlenb
= Note, which for tho very Greasen that
resembled Prince Menschikof's, hG
been occepted at St. Petersburg. A
this point, the quarrel originated. Aus
tria being friendly to Russia, her sinceri
ty in the above conference may well b
doubted; nevertheless, the Four Power
as body, evidently inclined to Turks
!. interests, as they all disapproved oil 'h
MenschikoF Note, and approved OF tn
Turkish notifications. Subsequently III
French and English governments sever
J. ally addressed Notes to the kussl an gov
ernment, OH the non-acceptance OF tn
Turkish notifications. These Note
have beon couched in very positive terms
They intimate that the Governments G
ENGLAND and France are united, in the
resolve to maintain the sovereignty OF th
s il,an, and tie integrity Of his Empire
Besides tliis, upward of 800 Poles hav
. offered their services 10 the Porte, in tn
even, of war with Russia. al.a
1t is not our present purpose 10 trac
J., the progress of the various wars whlc
have been waged between the Otiorna
and Russian Empires, or TO notice in de
. tail the victories, which the Russian
have almost invariably won. Tho hf'