The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-03-15

Mr. UAbens' Lecture - FssnsA Cayenne.
Ysssssisy evening Mr.. j. ". Fsbsas Mo UnitsA DAtss
Consul ct Cayenne delivered lecture, ct tAs TAbsFnA-
Gle that country the procsss of which intead
ed " - devoted the benefit Of nsssrs Ovssns s.d
Chanbeurssirs tho French refugees who rsosatly
csped from that penal settlement. Mr. Ysbens com.
asssed his lecture BY Remaining the gsasra dposi
tioa q nea 70 discourse intere ,ting themes with
which they think themselves familiar, and he would
himself ss0s under the same category. Tho observa-
tsas which he might have occasion TO make, would, he
trusted he found worthy ef attention and confederation
Cayenne presents itself this time in peculiar aspect
a being the asylum OF political convicts and exles and
TIM theatre whereon the great and thrilling drama Of
ton been enacted and offering field for
mercantile enterprise People generally speaking
slmost ignorant Of its geographical locality and
wonder for very often the newspapers publish accounts
which 70 incorrect and misleading He would present
few observations ts physical aspect and then pro-
coed glance ct its commercial and social condition.
In accordance with this programme the lecturer des
crbed the geography Of the colony and regarding its
physical aspect remarked that In scattered portions Of
the coast are deep Of country of low level surface
covered With thick bushes This solid Of vegetable
life strikes the behoder At first a. an army Of ntraders
ON foreign domain That the soft mud in which these
bushes have taken rect has been thrown up BY the
there cannot doubt shells of oysters and even the
from tire ocean. evidently showing that the ocean
has made incursions. So long ss this mud continues
there are times when it becomes hard, and the
sea rushss through with terrific and destructive
violence. Regarding the climate Of Cayenne, Mr..
Fabens said, that far from its being un.
healthy. ~ Is generally supposed, it decidedly
healthy place In and about the town Of Cayenne the
air bracDg and salubrious That the seamen Of our
merchant ships have suffered from dseass must be ad
mitted but at the time 1t ought remembered
that that class Of men proverba for careless and in
AtvAo Asv<n
and the dry. The former commences in November and
continues seven months During this rainy season the
varies very little and the prevailing winds
are ON thu north and northeast 1t is also fact that
earthquakes have not left their mark though shsv hs1e
been sometimes slightly heard. In commercial sense
Cayenne presents many advantages To the early French
coontts presented forbc ing aspects but they
Iutey set their shoulders the Wheel produced
change for the graceful cotton plant full
bloom and the spices OF the East lent fragrance the
air tamarird and palm trees grew up as il by magic
and the dark forests made to yield the most vaua
Bile wood Since then emancipation has swept the
land and bghted the once fair prospect However the
country still presents fine field for Among
the various commodities OF the country the sugar
table lands though ruins still to be the
slopes The average production does not exceed 1000
interesting Many estates have been abandoned and the
quantity exported be set down at The Glove
cultivated with It aourishes best on mountain
sdes and Is laid out In alleys Of twenty feet and the
cloves in punches the branches Of the trees and
present hne prospect 1t is picked by hand by
Of double ladders and exposed in the sum- where it be-
comes Drowned It requre but little outlay Of capital
and growing in healthy localities, and requiring only
small amount Of labor can be worked by whites. Mr.
Fabens then entered into the particulars of other produc
tons showed how their cultivation had declined
since the emancipation of the blacks Such Is the rich
OF ths soil and the beauty Of the cmatl that
negro has only occasion to work one day In fifteen to
iary abundant and the bays and rivers abound with
fish, and the forests With The forests would make
the fortune OF the man who would enter timber spec
ulston for the production great and the means of
transportation easy. The delightful climate of "a yenne
makes it pleasant place Of residence and its wonderful
exemptions from storms and earthquakes make it
venent stopping place for whalers and homeward bound
Indamen wanting supplies Mr.. Fabens then entered
the history of Cayenne, and remarked that when, in
1891 the Assembly Of France proclaimed throughout the
colonies the dictum that all men Free the
Compounded matters with tler negroes Ua Sy mers
~ informing them they free, and then making
them work harder than Nevertheless the colony
in unsettled state and in 1900 the planters set
vigorously to work to brighten the blacks into obedience
Alter the overthrow of Louis Philippe the blacks
French colonies. Coming IL did first in the form of
declaration blasting all the planters prospects, il was
indeed bitter pill snd when the Official decree xrrived,
ordering emancipation to Ike place within two months
the planters anticipated it by freeing their negroes at
once state Of terror existed among the coonsts
the military ana police we're kept continually the qu
esr The institution OF universal suffrage being applied
TO the baoks oduced auehable farces for many had
names and the scenes were udcrous In the
extreme but the day of voting the confusion was w
fuL The result Of these political is
now in the colony, which has crowded ails and grog
shops and presents many scene Of awful destution.
Desoation has succeeded prosperity The colonists
had feared that emancipation would be followed BY
surrectcu Of the blacks the real mischief has shown
itself in the ruin caused by the asness of the negroes
Slavery ostensibly existed before but that
the blacks a:e slaves to their brutal and degrading
passions. After few further remarks Mr. Fabens CON
ciuded BY making few general observations the colo
ny OF Gas enne and its relations to the mother country
and hntsd the oprety of the United States protest
ing against the uprearrg of penal colony, which will
scatter stream of vice through her cities.