The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-02-12

han I'm s.ld thst no can conma,d their M skets
only q we render our own atractive; our best Gus
Oorv win be those who can make the best bargains
with Us for their own wares" Commerce must be
mutually advantageous; thas which y most pro6ta-
The Canadian cannot probably bring to specie or
biIs-the representatives Of value exported to other
countries-and purchase American goods The loss
Of profit necessarily incident 70 circwtous trade
must ultimately force him to markets where he can
make direct exchange. All that u necessary to
secure a vent to our manufacturer 30 necessary TO
prevent the accumulation OF unsaleable commodities
which has often parayzed the producuve enersy0
our people, is to admit on free terms the surplus
natural productions Of the colonies, which as mas
been shown, may be done without diminishing the
prices. or injurousy affecting the sales Of our im
pOrtant staples.
II the views above expressed are correct, there is
force In the objection which has been urged that
whereas the exports OF the colonies Will CONSIST
almost wholly Of natural productions and their pur
chases from us will he principally manufactured
goods, the proposed measure which provides for free
trade only in natural products, and admits only
limited number Of manufactures, Is reciprocity only
in name. There is no apparent reciprocity IN our
trade with Great Britain. The apparent advantages
are all on our side. We charge heavy duty on
their exports to us, which are principally in the
shape Of manufactured goods, while they admit our
most important staples, wheat and cotton free; YET
by that very system attracted to her markets.
and, buying where we sell, become the largest con-
sumers Of British manufactures.
The nation which is strongest in capital and skill
derives the greatest advantage from free trade. 1t
is believed that the benefits anticipated by some
would not accrue TO us from embracing, II it were
practicable, all manufactures in the arrangement as
in consequence of the abolition of derentia duties
In the provinces our manufactures are now admitted
on the same terms those of our chief competitor,
and are, therefore, now relatively froe We have
several important advantages over the mother cOun
try which must always give our manufactures the
preference Our goods are better suited 70 the colo
NAL wants markets greatly diminish the cost OF
transportation, enable the colonial merchants to Sc
leet their goods by personal inspection and our met
chants to adapt their exports to the condition and
instant communication. Although il might he de-
srable to have commercial! union with the colonies
as perfect that between the several States it must
be remembered that this would be totally incompati-
BILE with the separate political existence Of the colo
nial government. The principal expenses OF their
governments are paid by their moderate duties on
imports A proposition to include all our manufac-
lures, even those which constitute the CHIEF con-
sumption OF the colonies in the reciprocity arrange
ment would so materially impair the colonial reve
nue., that, in the opinion of the committee. it would
be inevitably rejected for resort to direct taxation
could never be expected Of governments compare
lively poor and who have just projected magnificent
ana expensive systems OF internal Improvement, de-
mandng increased instead Of diminished revenues.
It s proper to refer more infinitely TO the returns
which show the great and increasing consumption OF
our manufactures by the colonies. The value OF the
whole export Of domestic manufactured articles to
Canada in the year 1s4O before the abolition Of dis
eliminating duties, did not amount to 100000. OF
farming implements and mechanics TOOLS the value
WA about $4,000; OF cotton manufacture, not
81 900. So eagerly did the Canadians avail them
selves Of our implements, peculiarly suited they
to their wants that In 1916, only two years after
the restrictions against Us were removed, they i'm
ported farming Implements and mechanics tools to
an amount exceeding $50O.000 Our exports OF
leather and its manufactures had increased tenfold
The value Of the whole export Of manufactures to
Canada exceeded 81, 100000.
The increase In colonial consumption Of our mann
features during the twelve years succeeding 1910
l. wholly unparalleled In that year the total value
of exports Of our domestic manufactures was $l2,-
04,s40, Of which only SIT, 73l were sent to the
colonies BY an analysis Of the tables Of commercial
navigation Of the United States for the year ending
June &c. 1851 it appears that the value Of entire
export Of domestic manufactures was $l9 136, 1867.
The value OF our export Of domestic manufactures
10 ell the British North American colonies was &c.,
49, For the year ending June 80, 1852, the
whole amount OF our domestic manufactures export
ed $21 O47 24S Of which 50 sl2 1873 was sent to
these colonies 1t appears by these returns that the
colonies consume more OF our manufactures. and,
what is equally important, greater variety, than
any other country. This will appear from the fol
lowing results taken from the official returns of our
commerce and navigation for the year ending June
30, 1852 Our total exports Of manufactures OF cot
ton are stated at s7,672l5l. The value Of our ex-
ports Of the same to the colonies is $597 23fnearly
onctwefth of the whole export. The value of the
total export of iron and manufactures OF iron is
$2,4ls ,l36. The value Of the same exported to the
colonies is 1852 l5O-nearly one-lfth of the whole
export. When it Is considered that the competition
OF British iron bears so heavily upon our manufac
ture OF this article the large export to the provinces
forciby illustrates the peculiar advantages We have
for competing with Great Britain in the SUPPLY of
manufactures for her colonies The value OF our
total export Of snuff and manufactured tobacco is
$l3l6622. The value OF the export of these articles
whole export. The variety of the articles sent to the
provinces, showing, as it does, that the benefits OF
the trade flow among all classes Of our producers Is
illustrated by the fact that, in 1852 the total value
OF manufactures not enumerated was ~ ST. $50. The
value of the same articles sent to the colonies
81 $40 ,s37-nearly onehalf Of the whole export
They are, therefore. the largest foreign consumers
OF this very important class OF Eastern manufac
lures. No one can deny that tie colonial market
has become almost indispensable to American manu-
features 1T Is to be regretted that for the last fiscal
year the proportion Of our domestic manufactures
exported 10 the colonies fell considerably below that
OF the preceding year. Our export Of cotton manu-
features to the colonies was, in 1851, onesiyth of
the whole amount OF export OF the same; where.
as. Tor the las year, 1t was but onc-twelfth. Any
movement the tendency Of which shall be to change
the policy which encourages this trade. cannot fail
r. excite regret. Recent events to indicate the
possibility OF such movement, particularly in the
Canadian province.
The Hon. +. Hncks, finance minister of Canada.
In letter addressed TO Hon. u. M. McLane, former
chairman OF the Committee on Commerce dated
Jan. 9. 1851 remarks-'lt Is assumed and as, per-
haps. 1t may turn out unfortunately assumed by the
opponents Of the Reciprocity bill. that In the event
Of the bill being rejected by the American Congress,
Canada will maintain her present commercial policy
and continue to foster the important trade from the
United States. II is very desirable that you should
be fully aware Of the state of publ, opinion in
Canada on this question. Having myself been
strong advocate for free commercial intercourse with
the United States, and having had, in my position
finance minister, to resist in Parliament the advo.
Gates OF restrictive policy, am thoroughly &C
quanted with the views OF all parties. | have no
atory policy are rapidly gaining ground. Whether
NIL any OF the plans suggested will be carried out
il If OF course impossible tor me to say; but it is
tainly highly desirable that. in arriving OF very i'm
pcriant decision, You should be fully aware Of the
probable consequences. The re-impositon Of the
diferential duties against the United States manu-
facfurfs has been stronQly urged Such uneaa,re