Washington telegraph., 1853-01-05

chequered with railroads New York has
one horse to seven persons; Ohio one to four
and the whole Union about one to every five
T persons, or little over four millions in all
Of neat cattle, the number in 1850 was 49,
800, ,2S7-an increase in ten years of about
twenty per cent.
The average product of butter appears to
be about 49 pounds per annum to each cow
with 62 1-2 pounds of cheese We export
annually little over one million dollars
worth of dairy products. Of sheep there
was an increase of 2,309,10S between 40
and 80, notwithstanding diminution of
646,S55 in New England and l, 761 AGO in
the Atlantic and Middle States, equal to 45
per cent. il the former and % IL in the
latter. Sheep husbandry is tending rapidly
westward and southward-to the milder
slopes Of the Alleganies and the prairies Of
Illinois, Missouri and Texas. New Mexico
has SIX sheep to each person-an extraordi-
nary proportion. Best of all. the returns
show that while in 1910 the average annual
yield of wool was little under two pounds
per sheep, it was in 1850 nearly two and
half pounds per sheep, so that 21,600,O0O
sheep produced in 1850 forty-six per cent
more wool than 19,311,374 sheep did in
1910. An increase of twelve per cent. in
the sheep had been paralleled by ali increase
of 46 per cent. in the wool And in Yer
mont, where the greatest attention had been
paid to sheep husbandry, the average yield
per sheep is almost four pounds. Yet we
import considerably of wool-mainly the
cheapest and coarsest. In 1850, the import
was 1S,669,79 pounds valued at 81, ,6SI,-
69l, or between eight and nine cents per
pound. The imports of wool have largely
increased during three or four years.
OF Tobacco, the aggregate returned in
1910 was SO, l63, ,319 pounds; in 1850 it
was l99, 2,646 pounds--a decrease Of
about ten per cent
OfCotton, the production continues large
ly to increase. The product is now over g.
OO0,O 900 bales or 100000 tons per annum.
Of Potatoes, the product would seem to
have fallen off from l0S, ,29S,06 bushels in
40 to 194,055,9S9 bushels in 1850; and we
presume this is correct; the reason being the
effects and fears of potato rot. This l;sea.e
would now seem TO be passing away, and
the culture of the root consequently reviv-
ing.
Divine, the production is steadily in
creasing Our importation amounts to six
millions Of gallons per annum; our consunlp-
ton to at least twenty millions OF gallons: U
that our home production must be not far
from fourteen million gallons OF this az
gregate it seems that only 221,249 gallons
are acknowledged in the census-whence we
infer that our manufacturers of Madeira
Champagne, Hook, etc, prefer not to "let
their light shine before men," but meekly
put aside the credit of their enormous con
sumption Of cider, turnips, logwood and other
domestic and imported products.
Of Spirituous and Malt Liquors, the an
nual product reaches the enormous acrre-
gate of eighty-six millions of gallons, (six
gallons for each person old enough to drink
our imports and exports just about bal
ancing each other. The Hop culture (main-
ly confined to New York State) is extend
ing.
of Flax and Hemp, the production did
not materially vary from 1910 to 1850.
In our Silk Culture we produced in 1881
no less than 396,790 pounds of cocoons; ii
1910 only 6l,552 pounds; in 1850 barely
l4,163 pounds. And yet it is demonstrable
that we have every facility of climate, SOIL
unemployed, hands, etc. for this branch Of
industry, and that its vigorous prosecution
would add largely to the National wealth.
Our Sugar culture is extending. Our
production .(maplc and cane together) in
1910 was l55, 100, 800 lbs; in 1850 it was
2Sl $780, 1856 lbs, an increase (mainly in
Louisiana and Texas of 126, 730,GH lbs
The sugar culture has now obtained COM
mand Of the most admirable and efficient
machinery and is steadily working further
and further NOrthward, through the gradual
acclimation of the cane