Green-Mountain freeman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1844-1884, 1853-12-15


prisoned. Commander lngraham, withthe u s
ship of war, St. LOUIS, arrived at EtByHea, and
after inquirlng into the circumstances Of the case
came to the conclusion that Koszta was entitled
to the protection Of this gogernment, and took
energetic and prompt measures for his resease
Under an arrangement between the agents of
the United States and Austria, he vas trasfer-
red to the custody of the French consuI general
at Smyrna, there to remain upbl ne should be
disposed of by the mutual sgreemeIlf of the
consuls of the respective gosernmentssa AT that
place. Pursuant to that agreementhe fIaz been
released and is now in the United sSlates The
Emperor of Austria has made the conduct OF our
officers who took part in this transaction sub
ect of grave complaint. Regarding Rosetta as
still his subject, and claiming right to seize him
within the limits of tho Turkish empire, he has
demanded of this government its consent TO the
surrender of the prisoner, disavowal OF the acts
of it's agents, and satisfaction Tor the alleged
outrage. Alter careful consideration of tho
case came to the conclusion that Koszta was
seized without legal authority at Smyrna that
he was wronr fully detained on board OF the
Austrian brig of war-that at the tiuie OF his
seizure, he was clothed with the nationality of
the United States--a i'd that tho acts of the case
were iusti6able, and their conduct has been fully
approved by me, and the compliance with the
several demands of the Emperor Of Austria has
been declined
For more full account Of this transaction and
nv views in regard to it, | refer to the cores
pondence between the charge d'atfaires of Aus
tra and the Secretary of State. which is here
with transmitted. The principles and policy,
therein maintained on the part OF the United
States, will, whenever proper occasion occurs,
be applied and enforced.
The condition OF China, at this time. renders
it probable that some important changes Will
occur in that vast empire, which will lead to
more unrestricted intercourse with II. The cogfi-
missioner to that country who has been recently
Appointed Is instructed to avail hituself of aloc
casons to open and extend our commercial re-
lations, not only with the empire of China, but
with other AsIaic nations.
In 1852, an expedition was sent TO Japan, uu
der the command of Commodore Perry, for the
purpose of opening commercial intercourse with
that empire Intelligence has been received Of
his arrival there, and of his having made known
to the Emperor of Japan the object If his visit ;
but it Is not yet uscertained how far the Emperor
will be disposed to abandon his restrictive policy,
and open that popuous country to a commercial
intercourse with the United States.
1t has been my earnest desire TO maintain
friendly intercourse with the governments upon
this continent, and to aid them in preserving good
understanding among themselves. With Mexico,
a dispute has arisen as To the true boundary line
between our territory Of New Mexico and the
Mexican State of Chihuahua. A former CON
: missioner of the United States, employed in
running that line pursuant to the treaty OF Gaud
anp H,dalgo, made a serious mistake Ill deter
mining the initial point an the Rio Grande but,
nasmuch as his decision was clearly a depatt-
ure from the drec,,ls far tracing The boundary
contained in that treaty, ana was not concurred
, I, in by the surveyor appointed IN the part OF the
United States, whose concurrence was necessary
to give validity TO ih,, decision, this government
+, is not concluded thereby; but that of Mexico
! takes different view Of the subj CT.
i, There are ais other questions IF considerable
ma gnilude pending bet ~een The two republics.
Our minister in NJ x,cp has ample instructions to
adjust them N go, ailous have been opened
u but sufficient pro rrSs hiss not been msle there.
u 10 to enlble me Ia sp ak oi Ia" probable result
Impressed with the Importance OF maintaining
/ amicabe relations with that republic, and OF
Welding with hh-rhlry to ,Il her u claims, il
is reasonable ~ rXprci ihst IN infringement mu-
tuaily satisfactory ln hn y cmn'rles nay be con
cluded, and lasting frl"nd,h p between iheu
, confirmed and p"tpetua el.
! Congrt IS ha,ing provii ii for a full mission o
y the States Of C,ntrai Anerira, minister was
= sent the c in July la t As vet he h. had time
10 to visi, on, ole Of these States, Nicaragua.
where he vas received N the most friendly man
II ner, 1t is hoped III 1t his presence and good
!, offices will have'a benign effect IN composing
" he dissensnns VIII Oh prevail among them, ant
. IN establishing st mr. .lntlnltt and endy
relations between than resp c'v'lY, aud be
tween each IF them aud the United Suites
l. Considering the vast regions Of this Continent
and The number of SiaieS which would be made
n accessible By the free navigation OF the rive
Il Amaz,n, ptriciar attention has been gwen To
J. this subject. Brazi through whose terrltere:
5 il passes into the ocean has hltb"rtn PERSISTED ir
! policy 50 restric'tv, IN rpgnd to the use o.
this river, US to ob>trnct, and nearly exclude
e forcign commercial, lnte course with the States
e which lie upon ts irihntlries aud upper branches
Our minister to that country Is Instructed to OBJ
e tain a relaxation Of thar p"lcy ami To use hi;
e effor,r to induce the B ~ han government tc
I, open to common Use, under proper SAFE guards
a this great natural highway Tor lnlernaiionai trade
Several of III, ) ,utn American States are deep
II " interested IN this attempt to secure the free
II nayi ,aljun of the hnaznn and it Is reasonable
10 exp ct their corporation IN tis measure. A.
o the advantages OF free. Commercial intercourse
+ asnnu nations n,e better undrrs ood more liberia
! views are generally entertained AZ to the COM
n mon rights of all to the free Use If lhns mean:
e which nature has provIdet for International com
It lnunca,inn 70 these mor, liberal and enlighl
= ened views, it is hoped tina, Brazil will conform
e her policy, and remove all unnecessary restrc
tons upon the free use of IA river which traverses
e SO many States and so large part OF the con
y tinent | am happy to inform you that the re-
n public of Paraguay and the Argentine Cnnted
Il Grafton have yielded TO The liberal poicy still
n resisted by Brazll, in regard to the nav,gabl'
o rivers within their respective territories. Trea
ties embracing this subjec among others hav4
3 been negotiated with these governments, which
II will be Submitted to the Senate at the presen
u session.
VI A new branch of commerce, important to The
/ agricultural interests of the United States. has
s. within few years plsi, been opened with Peru
e No wIthstandlng the nexhanslibe deposits o
d guano upon the islands of that country, consld
o erable difficulties are experienced in obtaining
!, the requisite supply. Measures have beer
II taken to remove these difficulties, and to secure
O more abundent importation OF the article. Tn
o fortunately, there has been serious collision
e between our citizens. who have resorted to the
+ Chincha islands for it, aud The Peruvian author
i tiles s ationed there. Redress for the outrages
y committed by the latter. was promptly demanded
Is by our minister a, Linn. This subject is now
II under consideration, and there is reason to be
D eve that Peru Is disposed to offer adequate in
u demniy to the aggrieved parties.
: We are thus not only at peace with foreigt
D countries, but in regard TO our political affairs
8 are exempt from any cause of dlsqueude il
our domestic relations.
The controversies which have agitated The
country heretofore, are passing away with ths
causes which produced theui and the passion.
q uli oh tha, I'm vo a kopad nr IL anv troca q,