The Gonzales inquirer. [volume] (Gonzales, Tex.) 1853-current, 1853-09-03
From the Memphis Appeal.
Artesian Wells.

Artesian Wells.
MEssRs. EDrIoRs Permit me through the
columns OF your excellent journal, 10 lay be.
fore your readers, some extracts in relation To
the caption OF this article. The necessity of
supplying the city of Memphis in some man.
ner, with good, pure water is so apparent,
that am induced To believe that our city
functionarics will take some steps toward the
accomplishment OF this great object. The
question will bc, AK TO what will bo the cheap
est and best method TO adopt in order TO secure
an abundant supply Of pure water.
"Thc origin of Artcsian wells is very an.
cicnt---thc first diggings of which We have any
record, were made in 1926, in Artois, in France
--hcncc their name Artcsian wills. Divers
European nations, among which are England
Germany and France, claim the priority of the
inventions; but both the Chinese and Egyptians,
were acquainted with Artcsian wells
The Artcsian well is but research made
by means OF the drill for stream underground,
whose reservoir will give il sufficient force to
cause II TO ascend 10 the surface OF the earth
The eartl's crust is composed OF parallel beds,
which are separated 10y joints well drained,
and these beds have been modified by the sue
cessivc deposits of water which have courscd
ut different cpochs, the surface Of the con
tinents. The carths regularly siratitied hori.
zonta beds, have received successive shocks
which have dislocatcd and inclined them. BE.
fore determining the location of nm Artcsinn
well, It Is necessary to examine Inc section ot
country the level Of its rivers and valleys,
and tho dip of the strata With these given,
tho scientific man can determine approx innate
ly the necessary depth of the well.
The quantity OF water to bc obtained from
n we'll depends entirely upon its geographical
and photographic conditions, tm may vary from
ten gallons TO twelve hundred gallons n
minute, or I,72S, 900 gallons every twcnty-fcur
hours.
Artcsian wells not only give soft water to
cities, towns and villages, but arc equally vau.
able to extensive farms and factories, guarding
them against the long droutls which some
times happen i'll the summer time, manuihc-
turers would not suffer for want OF water, in
the drci sum ntr, their Reservoir, could be
constantly supplied; and tho extensive farmer
could also derive an equal b, neiit by judioio,,s
irrigation.
Within q few years, this means of obtain
ing water has been extensively prosecuted in
Europe, where there are now more than 1000
wells. Venice, situated on tho Adriatic sen,
entirely surrounded by salt water, with n
population Of $4,000 souls is supplied abund-
antly by four Artcsian wells. The we'll OF
Grcncllc, Paris, furnishes water to more than
10000 people, the water in this well, flows
ll2 feet above the surface of tue ground. The
Inhabitants of the town of Shecrness, England,
are supplied with water from two Arlcsiaii
wells. The provinces of Niodcna, and bologna,
in Italy, for long time have been supplied in
the same manner, and so have some parts oI
London. The famous Artcsian salt well nj
kissengcn, in Batavia, was commenced
eighteen years ago, and which il was feared
would have 10 be abandoned as a failure la,
recently given the most satisfactory results.
Tho town Is located in a saline valley, nine
hundred aud cighty.tour feet above the level
OF tho Baltic sea. Finally in October, 1850,
at depth of two thousand and sxty.seycn
feet, perseverance, was rewarded by complete
success. a violent explosion burst away the
scailolding built to facilitate the operations,
and n column of watvr. iuur anu hall inches
IN diameter spouted forth To the height ei
ninety-cght feet above the surface. The wa.
ter--clcar as crystals of a temperature ol
66 fab, aud is abundantly charged with salt
H,60o,o0o pounds Of salt Is made per annu,n
valued at 100000 ilorns, after te,lucling all
expenses"
| There arc great many Ar,esian wells il
the United States Tho wells in Selina, Ca
hawba aud Montgomery, Ala, dis charge -,
abun'lancc of water, semc of which disc,ia,g,
as much rs as iSoo gallons per minute, an,
none Of them are more than eau ice, deep
I
Zee, above low water mark, aud Is 61a Zee
deep, and discharges about 40 gallons pc
inmate. The tcmpesaiure of the water j. q
fab, while that VI the ordinary wells in to-
vicinity, 40 a,si 40 feet dcSp. i o. iai, -,
we'll at Charleston. is 1000 feci deep, aud ia,
water rises ~ iee, above tl,c surface. To,
well at VsapuS shtisii. toNas, has reached
depth os $50 fci. and Sousls forth handsome
Volume et white sulphur water The we'll Al
~ isoslis Me-, has nsyhsd depth ef ib9ts
aisd eepseas ssvNsm u salrlsur water siaWs
tssasn the esl', having pf,visoly the taste 81
( Bisse lake wassr ia kSnl,sgky, Ii Is sslSalsscti
ss-zss 9Secnt issiiSastoas that supply II evssl
pure wsser atl Sssa hc ohssiavd. ~ lhe strata
IL a'sssh they sues hosiaE. Is 1t scis y ASS
ssy,si stowe.
The sstcSsas wsll ia wvs,risAlss. s.esasn,.
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wits
ltsre i> So astssisa wvsl Ia isse. Gsv<n
srsps,. Ma, ssa kss sis<gN ~hsek slsssh barre,
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