Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1853-04-02

and not altogether the spurs to drive you with ruin
GUS mpetnosty Treaties must be resor,ea 70. insyae
the very things upon which civilized nations N.Y. teS
All treaties, in their ordinary language are hee - oe
perpetual and yet know that they never nave eeeh
perpetual They impose upon the parties MAXIM mem
the obligation of good faith they are leagues OF hph9
BILE for the mutual benefit OF the parties TO them
in the of events 1t may become the interest OF
both parties to remodel and amend them Dy mutual con-
sent They are founded upon the assumption that mutual
good faith win preserve them Ihere are occasions "hen
they might become unjust and oppressive upon one Of
the parties and without mutual release from their OBJ
legations it might be occasion cs2ing for the highest
exercise of sovereign judgment In such cases the last
arbiter of nations must IN to decide the differences
The OCCASION the contemplation Of the great tribunal
of nations mast furnish its Justification and such
cannot be the subject Of definite prescription.
The honorable Senator remarked that if we wanted
Mexico the treaty have made could restrain the
acquisition, something OF the import Now may
follow that may not have to take Mexico against her
consent her ntereat well may conform to the
law of progress to which the gentleman has often al
luded That is if Mexico, Mexico will be just
well prepared 10 accede to terms to hers
to annu the treaty. If We want Cuba, may be our
interest to have H. if another nation attempts to put
her hand Cuba against policy consent what is
the resort? War; We resort to it. every other nation
resorts to any of policy under the sanction Of
its own judgment Each nation is entirely the judge of
its rights But sir, what would be the justification
OF war? There is higher tribunal than ourselves.
hope there is tribunal ia Heaven to which nations will
appeal But history and postery are the tribunals to
which should look and not to the tribunal that may
erect for pleadipgs upon subject of this kind
In looking such Judgment We the parties must
not exclusively consult the dictates of interests
Duty and justice require that should regard the rights
of others, only they nvovedn solemn treaties
but the justice of the nations of theearth should regard
them. Until occasion should arise to justify the
disregard of treaties let not ncucate popular
ment that would reconcile it merely to our interests
The gentleman has spoken other TOPICS with gush
ing exubeance well calculated to attract applause but
fear also well calculated to excite prejudice and to exas
perate national resenments In speaking of the growth
of his country he had much to justify him in his
highly attering picture of her prosperity But when
with haunting dsparagement he spoke of the decretude
of England and the other nations Of Europe he spoke in
way we'll calculated to wound national sensiby and espe
caly SO, when cannot regard his opinions just lie said
that decrepude had upon them in their decline and
old age. They the mere Wondering columns of an
edifce that had been and such their laws and policy
could longer shed light the path Of the young and
vigorous people that with Herculean strength could
throw off the shackes Of European instruction In this
judgment tempered with much asperity, am certain
that he will find few that are impartial to concur with
him. England may become rival but in her present
strength and vgor of manhood, she cannot but command
respect and consideration from all the other nations of the
earth We may claim to be her peer but nevertheless
are her debtor.
soil in which grew the tree from whose fruits have been
fed must despse Hampden, and Sidney, and Chath-
am, and Shakespeare and Burke. Will the Senator tell
me that am to despse them, or to hate England more
than any other nation If he does, differ from him.
do not that have any especial love for nation
1t is not word properly applicable to other nations. We
love countrya sentiment of patriotism inspires
that feeling But to other nations have feelings and
opinions of different kinds. For have much
respect and regard than for others But sir say
here in my place. if the word love be werd Of prefer
ence avow it openly that we have sympathy with
and under deeper obligations Great Britain than
to any other nation earth do not hesitate to say
the sense have spoken that love her more than any
other foreign nation earth. England, in origin,
law, literature, and free institutions, is mother. In
vernacular language, she is mother country The
very roots of our institutions run into her SOIL
From what country do derive the maxims, the spi-
rit the Institutions the safeguards of liberty Have
not the streams of her literature been poured out upon
US? Have not all drunk Of them with delight and
Improvement? From what country do get Magma
Cdrta trial by jury, the law, with its hardy
raity, intoxicating all that has given liberty security
Sir viii the gentleman answer | willing in all the
arts Of peace in commerce, in literature, in science in
morals to become the rival of England But
inducement, consulting national policy, to to-
wards her the position Of hostile adversary Remarks
which have been made during this discussion well
calculated to the seeds of jealousy and hatred be-
tween the two counres-that is unless there shall be
good TO have understanding Of them when the
national interests shall demand it, and wish the
sion 20 speak for ITSELF would not shrink from COLI
sion with Great Britain than any other
ton There is not much patriotism, however, in mere
abuse of her. But Mr. President, as is sometimes the
case, have spoken beyond what intended when rose,
and take my seat
Mr. DOUGLAS In reply TO the honorable Senator from
South Carolina wish to state to him. without going into
the controversy which is the right policy for the
President when treaty contains objects desirable and
details obnoxious that he will find example in point in
the of the Mexican treaty containing provisions
which the President and Senate both regarded
stutiona yet the President sent the treaty here and
pointed the obnoxious parts The Senator and those
acting with him modified it, perfected it, voted for it, and
ratified it in opposition to my VOTE and il became the law
of the land II is precisely in point and merely
mention il, and leave that part Of the question
Dir. BUTLER. Think the Mexican treaty was sent as
entirety We amended it doubt but it was sent as
entirety by President Polk saying that Mr. Trist had
usurped power which he did not possess IL was exactly
one Of those instances in which the treaty had been made
and he asked the Senate adopt but he sent it in as
entire thing.
Mr.. DouGLAs. The President it in, stating that
there certain provisions in 1t which must be stricken
out before 1t could be sanctioned by him But as to
another point The gentleman commented upon remark
that had made and which also contained in the let
ter Of the late Secretary Of State, Mr. EvERETT and
suppose that advocating the doctrine Of
not observing the faith Of treaties That did not pat
before the country in the true POSITION which have as
sumed IMPOSITION is this: that we should never make
treaty which cannot carry into full execution that
good faith requires not to make treaty unless in
tend to execute it, make which probably
not be able to execute. My argument therefore,
argument against the making of treaties improperly upon
points that unnecessary, and which could not be
carried into effect and not in favor Of violating any rea
ties that had been made 1t argument in favor Of
the sancty Of treaties and those who make treaties pro-
fusely and recklessy, binding for all time TO come
without reference to the ability in future to execute them
the who ought be aragned if any body should
be- for not being faithful to treaty stpulatons. wish
therefore, to make this explanation in order that mis-
apprehension 10 the position which have assumed