New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-11-19
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ff,'l'ed b'ia With sppl'n'e. Iis said
IfHifF AN tFaffrrFa - s,lyf ne mystery ~ NIe
origin ~ ibe earth Lss bssn problem that ,as a.
ha'fod much attention and n ago has boz tie
Tho astonnmsr Gud goolDgisi base isfd ~ the rhsn.f
may olso tho astronomer w0fshps the Deity 10 egery
star he chemist IN eyfry moiecue n matter There
two mode Il investigation Tie analytic and he sy1aet.
the ono rfduces he object 10 ita eemcH the other
tounda The object from the elements. Jei Try bot,
HE eath = round iheroi0re /, fluid. There
three forms Of matter the gaseous me 4ad ana the sohd
The elfeous and sod viii not assune oiandiiy there
fore when We find the earth ROUND Wc krOu Il was
once fluid Every haid under the influence u
lis oyu attraction only viii become rOiund lAn expert
menf to show this-ol floats on water but sinks in
alcohol mixture OF the two leaves the OF Without eNe
nal attraction and in tins mixture the lecturer hO"sd OIL
assuming the spherical loIm The stars and suns az io
low tie law they all spheres BESIDES me cara
il aenCd at the poles rotation on an AXIS causes ls
Exuermeut-the oil in the mixture, when rotated. be
came fattened at rs poles All the planets nave ts
condition: whence We conclude they must have 70
t0ted their when tUd the MAJOR pan
cts with grester speed whence tney ars more
fettenCd. Ii examine the earth we nad thh
it, components must at one time have been $40
ielted either 30 heat 20 solvents. We find cfstalza
ton the center OF the earth this mast he the result
either OF heat or precipitation mus there are Two ason'
the aqueous and gneOus IL once thought that every
thing from water whence it, Latin name aqua, l.
0ua from rkich for the reason il was called IN
Greek the 0in0H coth0icon e. HRrcrsal rRe But now
know all the water OF all the was not enough
10 hold in solution oil hugs thence conclude that the
fusion by heat Experiment corToborates this matter
the earhs surface Oxydzed. that T. L sub
iected the action OF FIRE Our vol GnOes show internal
heat and We see this evidence also IN the bills and daes
tie Moon: on Mercury and Venus there are noun
tains twenty miles high Thus gneOus fusion Il proved
Now to examine air II is composed OF gases; gas is
derived from German word meaning gAosti the super
rhn
largely composed Of gases but gases are really
material, is easily shown lExperments-Firsi,
a light forced down through water by an inverted
vessel burned for while. the water not rising into the
vessel therefore, the air in the vessel was mat
ter. Aner a while, the light, having consumed the
air went 0lt then the water rose room being gwen by
the Disappearance of the air Second esk exhausted
of air weighed lighter that when full of air. Air is com
posed of oxygen nitrogen and carbonic acid gas four
hs of the atmosphere nitrogen which does not sup
port life combustion. Experment-a lighted candle
extineuished by being placed in ntrOgen Therefore
is not an active gas Oxygen on the contrary supports
combustion. tNpeimentsi candle burned brightly ana
Ihosl horus with exceeding briancy in oxygon This
OF the mos, important elements in discussing vegetable,
and understanding ANIMAL economy Car6onlc acid gas =
in the air in small quantities il is heavy andigh and life
in it does not simply refuse to support life like nj
togen but is a real poison. Experiments acid
collected by pouring acid on marble, poured from
one Jar another, and then on Light oxtingushed the
light As oxygen supports the ANIMAL carbonic acid gas
the very PGtUiam of the vegetable world Nexs watcr
1t j. found when decomlcsed by the gavanc battery to
he con posed OF two gases, hydrogen and oxygen
the latter is evolved from the positive the for
mer ffom the negative pole OF the battery. ms
was shown Ly an expermont To this analytic proof may
be addod the synthetic from oxygen and hydrogen we can
make wafer by the application OF the electric spark Inc
experiment successfully made) In wa."~ .,ere are
eight pounds of oxygen to one Of hIrogen Providen.
tally ordinary heat does not convert water into its gases
causing explosopsl but violent heat will Like nitro.
gen. hydrogen does nor @ort light but burns when in
contact with air. The gases named are all without
color and smell but there red gases some green
and one when warm is black. Some also appeal to the
sense Of sme but that viii take for granted One gas
becomes red when applied 10 air. chlorine IS green iodine
violet and both are named from their cOors Iodine is
exceedingly heavy, ard hydrogen light that viii pour
II up. al these statements were illustrated by expert
and smell therefore tey material substances which
an also be shown from their chemical qualities. Next the
eru.t Of the earth In this oxygen superabounds one
silicon untes with oxygen to form silicic acid, popu
lsrly called quartz. Quartz is called an acid, chem
Culy, not being acid IN taste, but as combining
with base such soda potash, to form salt quartz
j. Of several tinis, rose. amethyst &cD Granite, uni
vessel il composed If quartz, hombende and mica AL
honbende Las As parts 81 sicic acid mica has 90, aud
sioic acid Is largely composed Of oxygen nay every
other OF mica and honblende contains oxygen
Is The with many other materials OF the earth IL
al the earths strata find metals combined oxygen
with that is, rusted mealsi and even metals Themselves
can be made pases by f;cient heat Now nothing in
is presented TO all at perfect see in
Tree N bird, in mammaia and even in animals Slall
we not then, say that the earth has passed through
all the Ihnees existence mentioned we KNOW IL nus
nassed through two. the liquid and solid why not
20 back TO the third, the gaseous 1t seems natural
TO suppose that, at period all the matter com
posIg l. even metals, gases. Metals even
be turned into Apply heat body and you do not nt
the Thermometer indicate it ALL therefore some hides
n the body thence called latent heat Thus, when solid
body passes into a liquid, liquid into gaseous
il absOrbs heat On the other hand gas compressed
gives out heat Experimental spunk on the end Of q
tightly fitting piston forced into tube filed with air
lighted by the pressure The earth would be sup
lied with heat but for evaporation. The earth was Ger
taiIly originally in gaseous state. IL was withou,
" form and void. and darkness was on the fsee Of
one compatible with this statement for Is the only
without form the hpuid and solid iGrs form. Gas
can be made solid FaEaday showed that c3rbouic
scd gas could be made liquid BY compression Iai.-
ourier allowed Il 20 ipors.s. snl portion became
rtlnerdously powerful nachusFy. The sold procured
shows all the properties Of pere csrbcOc sct gas
"a SIS - 70 teErvts below Ee-o Several cth Ssss ALSO
ieeEe Tie l.s.ares here made ~. eNper;1eaG saves
hlly conyestus ealbcniS ac& ss mo Sold s-osSaace
tss mllpg % whieh Re abe large q1any. AT
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