New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1853-11-22

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Our readers mar isra s0ms idea n the yast scale On
which The operations 81 dyeng AMI printing arg carried
81 IN those NOrks from the fact that from between <l
fLd 80 Lgndr steadily emplOyed IN them thfOn1nont
the ycar They are classified into several Distinct de-
psriments each having It, own foreman and staf the
whole ~ whom under the control 81 reslden s1-
perintendent Fortified with letter Of Introduction
from the President TO this gentleman, we were very
c0urteousy received By him and conducted over the
works.
Tic motive power By which the machinery Of the
establishment is propelled is supplied both by water
and steam used either separately or eOnnecey as oc-
casion requires. There are four stesmengines con-
stanty al workone of forty and the Others OF seven
horse power each Tie wsterwheel is about twenty
four feet in diameter and be connected with the
largest engine By shaft The annual consumption OF
'coals is ab,ut 400 tuns.
The first department into which the visitor is con-
Quoted is the washing and bleaching room, where the
articles 10 be dyed are freed from the coorng matters
TO which all fbrOus materials subject. Here, by
an ingenious combination of machinery, 500 pieces oil
cotton cloth Of about 30 yards each, can be washed IN
about four hours from the potash boil and returned
again 10 a contiguous vat for second boiling The
labor of a and boy is all that is required to AID
this operation the cloth travelling from vat 10 vat by
the action of the machinery through troughs running
along the ceiling and passing on its way through tne
cylinders of the washing machine, 10y which all foreign
matters held in solution by ts previous immersion are
pressed out The bleaching of cotton Is edcted by the
agency of chlorine while wool and silk submitted
to the action of sulphuTc acid BY the use OF these
chemical preparations as much bleaching can oe per-
formed in few hours as formerly effected by the
old process in as many months.
We now enter large hall occupying the entire
length of ore of the buildings in which the different
operations connected with the dying department are
carried on Here the eye, confused by the yap0r ex-
hailed from the steaming liquor contained IN lnnunefa-
BE watts, seeks in vain 10 penetrate the mist WIN
which the apartment is filed, in order 10 follow the
movements OF the dusky looking figures engaged In the
various processes necessated by the opposite proper
ties OF tie materials on which they have to work Some
are employed in mixing and stirring together the H.
gradients Of the baths in which the cloths are 10 Dc i-
mersed while others keep the reels suspended over
the pfepared GauOr in continual motion, the cloth
wound on the reels passing through the bath at each
revolution OF the frame. The temperature OF the baths
is varied 10 suit the peculiar properties OF the mater
ais for which they are prepared The dyes Tor WOODS
are generally applied az boiling hear, WINE those Vr
cr..,. FOL IA
tie composition of the dyes themselves, we found
certain degree Of reserve maintained by our eeerone
when we attempted to push inquiries furher than
our credentials seemed to him TO warrant Inc u!ers
ii appears have their mysteries like the craftsmen Oh
old but their security is fancied than real the
science of chemistry having long since laid bare all the
secrets of their art We shall therefore endeayor TO
supply from other the iacane left In our notes
by our worthy friends professional caution
Tinctorial colors either simple or compound
Tie simple are black, brown or dun blue, yehow
and red the compound gray, purple, green orange
and others Galnuts, pyroignlte OF iron, iogwoOu'
copperas and yerdigris are the chief materials lot pro
ducing black. WaDuts, sumac madder, cOchiheai cua
bear acetate of irOn catechu, Brazil wood ana anoto
are all employed in producing brown. Indigo Pras-
sian blue and woad are employed for blue. tustlc
Persian berries QuerctrOn urmerc and weld Tor yer
low Cudbear Brazil wood cochineal kernes, lac
loqwood madden and safilowers for red L0gw00d'
tustic and sulphate of iron for black. Purple green
merely notifications of the primitive col0rs.
Dyestuffs whether of vegetable or animal origin,
though susceptible OF solution in water and IN tns state
Of penetrating the pores of hbrous bodies seldom pos
sess alone the power of fixing their PARTICLES so dura-
Div as to be capable of resisting the action OF water
ght and air For this purpose they require to De AIDED
By another class OF bodies, mOrddEts which DOdes may
not possess any color in themselves but serve IN tnls
ease merely bond of union between the dye ana tne
substance TO be dyed. Mordants may be regarded III
4 IL. la Hxp IA "a a
casionay modifying the dye BY forming with the coorng
PARTICLES an nsolube compound which is deposited with
in tie textile bres Such dyes are capable OF passing
from the soluble into the insOubie state ana OF thus
becoming permanent without the addition OF mOrdant
have been called Substantive, and all the others have
been termed adjecilre cOlors. The first principle OF
diving fast colors consists in causing the col0rng matter
to undergo such change when deposited upon the silk
or other stuff to become insoube in the liquor OF the
dye bath The more powerfully II reslsts the acton Oh
other external agents, the solid or durable Is the
dye The mordbnts most generally used are ALUM tar
tar, and a solution OF tin ;,
Tie quantity of raw silk dyed these works has di'
nisLed greatly owing to the causes to which we nave
ALREADY alluded. Previous 10 its immersion IN the CO.
orbab raw silk twice undergoes the process OF boil
inc off. by which il is separated from the gum with
which its fbres are mpregnated If the action OF the
akales employ ed has not whitened it sufficiently 1t Is
beached by sulphuric acid gas. 1t is then put up In
2lb hanks and dye to the shade required.
But few of our fair readers are aware OF the
chameleon character Of the studs that they pur-
chase at their silk MERGERS or WOODEN diapers.
They may have been unconsciOusy handling the same
piece of goods after season. which they decide
upon at last lis varying bues having deluied them
orch time into the belief that il fresh from the
casters Of Delisles magnificent emporium in the Rue
st. Anne They, in fact, only an old friend under
new face, and some people are always IN search OF
novelty the yerder is right TO consult his interest aud
their taste by sending il TO the Island for periodical
din. The quantity of old stock which unlergoes this
81 .xhA IA