The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1853-07-20

Lution (tlalOI aSnlngton,) SPAN was represented
in this country by Messrs. Jaudenes and War, in
the capacig of commissioners, or ministers resi-
dent. The first minister plenipo.entary sent by
Spain TO th United States, was the Chevalier Car
los Martllez de Yrujo He arrived after the treaty
of 1895, aid his commission was renewed in 1901,
when he vas created or became marquis. He
was the list Spanish minister in America before
the renewal Of the diplomatic intercourse on the
restoration Of the royal family Of the Bourbons aud
the accessDn of Ferdinand VII. The successors
Of the Marcus de Yrujo have been as follows:-
Appo,nted.
Don Luis deOnis*... Observation-Disclosures 1909
Don Francico DOnisio Wives. ............ 1919
Lon Jose deHeredla.. Observation-Disclosures 1924
Don Francieo Tacon. Observation-Disclosures. 1880
Don Angel 'alderOn de Ia Barca, .......... 1886
Chevaier IArgaiZ. Observation-Disclosures. .lSl0
Don Angel alderOn de la Barca. ............. ls44
*DoI Luse Oris appointed Minister TO this Uaissd
States BY thSupreme ntrsi Junta, which at mat time
governed spD, IN the name Of Kiog Ferdinand VII in
june 1863. On his arrival the uAted Saes, pre-.
entsd his c,dentiss D. go a. Washington
but lie caset Of Mr.. .adtOp refused RECOGNIZES nj
the crowOf Spain then IN dispute bet Ferdi
nano VII. nd Joseph BOaaparte. Don Lu, de Onis
therefore ctInued IN This country, WITHOUT o-ing recog
nixed, Tor years, VIZ, until December 1915 he
~as receive AID recognized by virtue Of cleden
tials, sfs n.0y Ferdinand VII.
Wh,n te declaration of independence by the
United SITES took place, in 1776, Spain was mis-
tress If Inf the continent Of South America she
was one otthe most powerful nations of Europe not
only fUm er own wealth, valuable colonies, and
numerous nd well-appointed army and navy, but in
conseqene Of al intimate connection with France.
The hmy compact adopted by the treaty of Paris
Of l76, Al alliance between all the Princes Of the
House Of B'urbon, more especially the crowns of
Frame andSpain, still existed. BY that instr,l-
ment thos' two powers mutually guaranteed
their State and possessions and assumed, as
the basis OF their alliance, the dplo matte
maxim, lie who attacks one crown attacks
the ether All the American possessions of
Spain werdlen entire-she enjoyed an active, ex.
tensive, antucrative commerce, and was as deter
mined an emy of England as France herself.
After engagements had been made by the Cont
mental Confess to obtain the assistance of France,
one. OF th,next subjects of attention was Spain
AS early aDecember, l776, it was resolved to send
Commissions to that country, and in the early part
of l777 DFranklin was appointed the first envoy
to Spain, pugh he never went to that COURT but
while in rance, he addressed letter to the
Count d'randa, at that time the Spanish
Minister the French court. In this letter,
dated in lAril, 1777, Franklin informs the Spanish
minister ut Congress, in December, l776, had re-
solved hat if his Catholic Majesty will join with
the United States in war against Great Britain,
they will asst In reducing to the possession of Spain
the town md harbor OF Pensacola, provided the
inha,itantof the United States shall have the free
navi,atioDf the Mississippi and the use of the har
Dor If Posacola;" also that Congress would assist
SPAN an France in the conquest Of TIE English
West InGi islands.
Spin nowed great reluctance to take a part in
the wardeclared by France against England, in
III; AM the measures adopted by France to induce
heto TIL step were at first received with GOODNESS.
Spin, fagued by her former contests, though then
Of recGt date, and holding, herself, extensive
AM yauble colonies, did not view the struggles
Of the Americans against Great Britain with
enre cmplacency. Pownal, an English writer
OF hat friod, prophecied with remarkable exact
ms, the time and manner Of the emancipation Of
sanish America; and though the Spanish govern
ent mig LIT have had little faith in such predictions
could not have been ignorant that the example
the British North American colonies would have
cen attended with pernicous consequences to other
uropean nations holding foreign possessions.
rance exceedingly desired the assistance Of Spain
/ the war into which she was about to enter par
cularly as the navies Of the two Kingdoms we're,
nited greatly superior TO that of England at that
me- The French king (Louis XVI.,) even wrote,
the beginning of the year IT'S, letters in his own
and to bis Catholic Majesty, urging him to enter
ito The coalition against England.
The answer Of the King of Spain, Charles ILL.,,
vas extremely cold and circumspcct. He Vas natu.
ally If pacific turn, then much advanced
n life and not disposed to disturb the remainder OF
lis day by destructive war Determined to avoid
iostlitts he despatched instructions to his minister
Il Lonlpn 10 .der the mediation Of his court This
md thrc other plans proposed by Spain successfully
JAILED. England could not forgive France for her
interference in the affairs of North America and
resouteR rejected all attempts at negotiation. In
June, IN, the Spanish Minister withdrey from the
English ourt, and England having already commit
ted acts violence on the Spanish dominions, his
Ca.holidiajesty could 10 longer avoid the obliga-
ton Of u treaty establishing the family compact
War WI accordingly declared between Spain
and EDand. Spain was probably induced to
Join tn league, from the expectation she had
Of reco,ring her lost possessions in the former
var wh England, Immediately after the rup-
ture id l179, u Spanish force took possession
Of Batd Rouge, on the Mississippi, and finally
conqueA from England the whole of West Florida.
The dedration Of war, in June, l779, was made in
conseqtce Of q convention concluded with France
n the tecedng April. TIE independence Of the
hrteeay nited States was, however, not acknow
edged that instrument, though by the treaty be-
Neen Hnce and the United States, Spain was en-
titled tdccede u the alliance whenever che thought
ft, and have Tie benefit Of all the stip.lations.