The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-01-10
Our Cologne Correspondence.


Ganmny-F Illustration of The Hopes ofthe Demo
rats-Rescue Of Russian Despotism from its
Di6fcuhies-Reaetion against the Progress of Lii
bety IN Germany The German Princes and
German Noaes-Horiue Picture Of The Enslsrei
CONDITIONED all Classes-1he Press Gaggei-A
Secret Police Military Despotism Conplete-IHe
Importance Of harimg herigh kind Of men appoint
cd american Ministers aud ConSi.ls on the Con-
tine'n Of Europe The he6eiency Of some Of the
Present IncnnbtatS
The close connection between the recent events
in France and the reactionary measures Of the Ger
man princes, may render it acceptable to you, Of
receiving some direct accounts Of how in Germany
the comp d. etat Of Louis Napoleon is viewed and
what effect the same must have on this country
The aristocratica system prevailing in Russia be.
came jeopardized by the neighboring German
states having obtained in lSiS, state constitutions
and thereby been enrolled into the ranks Of liberal
governments; the consequences which naturally
might arise throughout the Russian dominions could
not be viewed by the Gar with indifference, and
it was therefore natural that he put everything in
motion, with view OF seeing the German parlia-
mentary system ann hated. The distressed situa-
tion Of Austria, which was obliged to call for his
assistance, gave him the best chance OF achieving
his purpose; it opened to him what so long ne had
man affairs. Ore Of the conditions by which he
granted to Austria the use Of large army against
Hungary, was, that Austria pledge itself not only
to abolish its own state constitution, and return to
the former absolute system Of government, but that
it also engage to execute all those plans which
Russia might consider necessary to put into exc
cuton for the total eradication of the parliamentary
system on the continent of Europe. In consequence
Of this treaty was the league to revive the defunct
German Diet which was formed with. Bavaria,
Wurtemburg, Hanover, Sake, and the Hesse,
and Prussia forced to abandon its scheme of
German federal union; besides that by the pusillani
nifty fits king and the ptiableness of his advisers,
Prussia lost the rank and inuncs of one Of the Eu
ropeap great powers, and v as degraded to mere
second.rate German state.
With the unconditional revival of the German
Diet, as The mere organ of sovereign princes, was
the doom Of parliamentary representation in Ger
many sealed. The Gar had succeeded Of enslaving
this country, without firing a gun, and merely BY
the German princes preterriug to be vassais Of
Russia, instead of reigning over free and independ
ent subjects.
But the sword Of Damocles continued to hang
over the German princes, and was destined to do so
as long as despotism was not restored in France
also; it could not be said that the revolution had
been closed, unless parliamentary government was
also destroyed there Only after the yoke of absolu-
tism had also cen thrown ever the French nation
| the Princes considered themselves safe All Of
them united, therefore, to bring this about; every
wheel was set in motion, no money was spared, the
parole was given to create dissenslon between the
=
government, and between the majority of the lat
ter. How well the diplomats have worked, past
events show; in Louis Napoleon they had found a
willing tool, who, to re alize his ambitious dreams,
willing sacrifice every thing, and not to shrink
from any crime if he only could gain his point, for
which purpose be had sold him self entirely to theRus
sian GAR Of whom, like the German princes, he is
| now a mere vassal and bondsman. The usurpa-
tory acts Of Louis Napoleon were therefore, to the
| German princes, matter of surprise; they were
in the secret, and had beforehand taken their
measures, in his usurpaton should fail. Their
| official organs naturally applaud all the acts OF
| Napoleon; he does not even fer enough, accord.
ing to them, in his determination of the revolu-
tionary institutions AL the thirty thrones in
! Germany are surrounded by host Of nobiemen,
who with few exceptions, are too poor to live as
tuch, and too proud to get hold of any other pro
fession than that Of serving their princes in the
military and civil service. Like swarm of locusts
they feed upon the labor of the people, without work
ing themselves This Loblity is hereditary by all the
male issues; their number il creases therefore, to
alarming rate. Whilst these princes consider them
selves as superior beings created by the Almighty
to govern the people. the nobility imagines tina. it
is also made OF q better stuff than the common peo
pie. They form, wherever they can do so, distinct
caste, out Of which they only marry for sake OF
money.
Germany has also q money aristocracy, consist.
ing generally of who, by the fancy OF fortune,
have been made wealthy without their own doings,
either by inheritance or the rise of government and
other stocks. This class, idle and without occupa-
tor, is highly pleased if the nobility prevents the
to sociate with the same. They make up their
want Of noble blood by furnishing to the nobility
splendid parties and defraying the expenses Of
other pleasures.
The revolution of 1918, which gave to their ceun.
try the blessings of self government, and abolished
herewith the pretensons of privileged castes was,
therefore, to them, an adherence; they combined
On that onset easily with the princes for reaction,
and rejoice now with them in the success Of Ma
poleon.
aaf vnuSg 0f hp "a
no sympathy for the late French National Assem-
bly,, nor had any confder ce in the expediency and
durability OF the French cons tituton, feel griev-
ousy affected by their end They consider that Louis
Napoleon, in IL numbering the existing Institutions of
France, destroys also every liberal principle and
civilization of their own country.
The fear of possible SUCCESS of the repub-
lican party in Frame, at the election Of 1852, had
kept the German Princes, at least, in the same
way, within bounds but this barrier to their
Gespotism having now been removed, the most ar
btrary and desl otto governments must be expected
all over Germany Justice and laws exist no longer,
when the princes are affected thereby; the judi
ciary courts have been deprived OF the cognizance
of every political case, and OF all those ia which
either the prince or the State one OF the parties
All those are assigned to the jurisdiction OF
courts martial, composed of soldiers Of ali ranks,
too often SO ignorant as not to know how to read
ard write, and, IN vii cases, without aiy kuo Wedge
OF the laws ard statutes, ard to those courts mar.
tial questiols of the gravcst Kind are submitted;
public fupctionaries OF the highest standing are
ir,d by them. for their oflal civil acts That
their proceedings eau be nothing more thaa a
moclery, and that in reality the decisions of those
courts martial merely toe expression OF the
will ana whim CT the princes. can easily be conceived.
In conte1ueLce CT the success IT Napoleon. the
German sovereign rulers have IT now all their own
way. and they carry it with high hand; their
tuhjecs are nothing more to them than so many
cat.le or slaves, with which they may do as they
please 1ot berg responsible for tteir acts to any
but 10 God whilst they ackno Wedge no rights
whatever, in their subjects, but merely duties to
ptriofm, they (the pfiGces) can, according to their
views, do them wrong.
Our people in the United States can form no idea
Of tie wretched condition Germany is now in. The
GermanF are even worse off than they were a cen
tuly ago. as at that time there at least an in To-
ltnd,nt arstocracy, who stood between the people
aio the princes but the nobility, by being mostly
in Ieoueed eli circumstances, have now been degraded
in Iark down TO mere Wallets of their sovereigns
Tie question will naturally ariss-why do the Ger
mars 81 fer IL, and not rise Z! To do so at this mo-
melt is however, quite an impossibility. Their