New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1852-10-02

S~@ Fi"ht W eIc eaNiDg IN the cost. iph1 auiAt-
ted, let rs zee why it is that Il is higher now 10
hes-ferk than in Ohio. Clearly, because yos
have paid for carrying Il to market Again. why
is II that 1t is higher in Liverpool than in New
York; As clearly because you have paid for car
ying it theirs. II it could be transported to Liz
erpool without cost, you would obtain the whole
Of Il e price at which it sold, minus commission:
but as it cannot, on pay the cost of transporta-
ton. That understood, would now ask YOU what
il is that regulates the price in New.Yorkl Isit
not the price that can he obtained for the trivial
quantity that must go to Liverpool" the surplus"
as it is called Do net prices 60 up in New. York
aud Boston, Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, Ohio
and Illinois, just as the markets Of England rise or
fau IL it not boosted 10 that country that Mark
Lane governs the worlds prices" and is it not
true that such is the case Certainly il Isl and
yet the whole quantity of our food that is ab-
sorbed by English demand does not amount to
oneper cent. Of the quantity that is raised in the
country and it il for the sake of finding market
for that one per cent. that you close the coal and
iron mines Of Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and
Illinois, and make yourselves dependent on for
eign market for all your supplies OF cloth and
iron. Be assured could be more adraata-
geOas 10 barn that food than 10 permit IL 10 fr tie
price Of tee crop as nor ii dccs
That such is the fact you can. I think, convince
yourself, you examine how it is that prices are
affected by necessity for going to distance
either to buy or to sell. In some parts of the
country farmers have been ceiling their potatoes
fer more than dollar blshel, for the reason
that the local demand was greater than the local
supply, and thus a necessity for going abroad 10
purchase FIVE or ten per cent. Of the qusntity re-
CURED Tor consumption has raised the price Of
the whole to the level of the cost of the small
quantity needed from distance. In other quar-
tiers potatoes quite good might be purchased
for forty or fifty cents, for the reason that the
local supply was greater than the loo, demand
and thus necessity for going abroad 10 sell a
small proportion Of the quantity produced, d.
mrishes the price of the whole crop to the level
OF that which can be obtained for "the surplus"
that must 60 to the distant market and this state
Of things must continue with all these potato
growers, so long as they must rely on too mar
EetS-the near and the distant. So is il with the
producers Of food throughout the Union so long
as they MUST depend on the distant market for
however small quantity OF their products-so
long as they haze not he poxsr to choose 6etrrea
The near ard the distant narket-so long the
price they can obtain in that distant market for
"surplus" that is most insignificant in amount,
and that does not equal one per cent. of the whole
crop, must govern the price Of the whole. Make
market on the land for its products }uire porer
to determine between the distant and the near
markets, and prices will rise to a level with those
ofEpglish markets. Increase the power Of con-
sumption, end thus make a market for triling
quantity more than is raised and prices will rise
to that degree which is required for importing tho
food CT Canada, or Of Russia. II you desire to see
this proved in practice, let me beg Of you to look
to what is now going on with regard to beef and
pork, the production Of which dhnnishes as your
people are more aud more forsaking your State
and the adjoining ones, and flying to Oregon and
California. Ohio has not now as many hogs or
cattle it had three years since, and the conse-
quence is, that the home production Of pork and
beef has fallen t. level with the home demand,
and YOU have high prices, because goa are much
less dependent on the distant market. Diminish
the supply and Increase the demand, and prices
will rise, because your dependence on the distant
market will still further diminish. The object of
the tariff Of 1912 that Of producing power over
our own actions, and diminishing our dependence
on those of others; the object of that Of 1916 10
that Of diminishing our power and increasing our
dependence. The one tended to bring consump-
ton up to a level With production with constant
tendency to improvement in the condition Of the
faImer; the other tends to convert oil our CON.
sumtIs into producers, with constant tendency to
det. rioration Of the condition Of Turner, panter
latorer, and mechanic; and that it does produce
that effect. is seen by the fact that although we
have added four or Gge millions to our population
we now consume far less quantity of ion and
far less quantities Of cotton and wooden goods
than we did FIVE years since; and yet we then paid
in our products for all We consumed, and now we
go in debt for cotton and wooden goods silks and
non at the rate probably Of a hundred thousand
dollars per day.
The object Of British free trade is 10 prevent
the people of any part Of the world from exchang-
ing with each other except through the ships and
the warehouses, the mills and the furnaces Of
England. The people Of India cannot exchange
with each other rice for cotton, tdolt FIRST send
ing both to Manchester; the consequence Of which
Is, that the producer Of rice gees naked, and the
producer Of cotton pershes Of famine-amost the
whole of their products being eaten upin the cost
of transportation. The producer must support
the mddlemen, and the more Of them that there
are to be paid, the poorer he must be. The
planter Of Tennessee cannot exchange his cotton
with his neghbor Of Ohio or Illinois, for corn or
pork, without 6rst sending both to Manchester;
and the consequence is, that he obtains but one
bale Of coarse cloth in exchange for five bales Of
cotton, when he should have one bale for two.
He has too many midd,men to pay. You can
not exchange your products for cloth, until after
both the cotton and the corn shall have Travelled