Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1852-02-28


brand. lie was directed to keep ALL the animals in
possession Of the Pueblo until agent could investigate
the claims Our "hosts refused receive any pay for
keeping stating that when they visited Santa Fe the
Governors table always free to them, and it would
be very strange if they could not keep day two
without compensation. All the village turned out to see
our departure and the Captain de Ge ordered outtwenty
OF his young their best horses and divided them
into two bands give imitation of Indian fight
Every fellow full Of fun and the horses appeared to
take much interest in the their riders. Down
steep precpices up the sides Of steep buttes sand
hills, running jumping, charging, shouting and whoop
ing; every minute expected to some Of them UNI
horsed but it is easy task to throw Indian out OF his
saddle.
by the hand and babe farewell leaving two of their
number to accompany to the next Pueblo Of Sandal five
miles below the crossing of the Rio Grande This Pueblo
is very compacty built and some of the very best land In
the territory belongs to its people They claimed to have
owned originally league and half Of land each way from
the Pueblo ON the river.
Some years ago they gave to Mexicans por
ton Of their land to cultivate with the understanding that
the Mexcans to return them proportion OF the
crop raised for the Of the land Every year afterwards
the Mexans paid less and less rent until at last they re-
fused to pay any thing, and they claim their land as
their property. This Pueblo is built upon the main
road leading from Santa Fe to Albuquerque, and conse
quently many people stop among them number OF
Mexcans ire living among them and annoy them exceed
ngly and they very anxious get rid of them This
the only Pueblo in which any drunkenness has been ex
hbited and is to be accounted for from the fact that
many of the Indians engaged in dising brandy from
grapes they fine vineyards and the crop this year
has been very abundant One Of the principal men is
gagged in selling liquor in the Pueblo and has made him
self rich by the traffic He entered the council much in
toxicated inclined to be rather insoent
Seeing we were disposed put up with his nsolence
he at once apologized and sad for selling
liquor that he had license from the Governor He was
some time he returned with two old election procLamd
TONS as his authority to SELL He was advised to give
up the BUSINESS that it doing much harm to the
lLAl Ia. L. J.xx xl.x
continued the traffic. he would have to be punished This
fellow has much influence and is the leader Of large
party in the Pueblo
Owing the sale and dstiation Of liquor, the people
of this Pueblo evidently decreasing in numbers and
declining in prosperity They fine grove of timber
on the rive and several fine orchards They complain
very much that the Mexcans Craze their stock upon their
best pasture lands and will not allow them compensation
We left Sa1dia neither pleased with the Pueblo its
inhabitants and crossed the Rio Grande again at Abu
querque our way to Iea, one of the richest Puebos
in the terrtor and put up with Ambrosio very wealthy
and Influential Indian who had formerly been the Cover
nor He owrs large body of land, fine orchards and
vineyards, which found to be in admirable order.
Last sold So 600 worth of fruit and wine His
orchards aid vineyards enclosed with high adobe
walls and he and vines are kept well watered by
acequias rhnning through them.
The population is about eight hundred They
own abo four five hundred horses and mules; many
cattle; many sheep and goats and some ten or twelve
| orchards and number of vineyards.
Their crops have all produced well this season. They
wish to hive an order the Governor by which they
could shog that they had the power enforce their
laws in Til Pueblo they wish have the power to take
up the stok that is continually respassng upon their
lands antto keep them until damages paid and they
do not wait the Mexcans to live in their Pueblo. There
prent eight Mexican tenants and two that
own house among them.
The CITIZENS Of Pardea who live above them them
much trouble by taking water from their acequia, which
belongs exclusively them. Every year the Mexicans
continue encroach upon their lands and they ask the
Government to protect the Puebos in their rights
Some Of the Mexicans were in the habit OF coming INTO
the puebdo gamble on Sundays, and were running their
young men They advised to enforce their own laws
with rigor ind to punish all who broke their laws.
We left Ietta highly pleased with the evidence
perty bheld every hand, and returned to Santa
Fe travelling three days in the midst Of violent rain
and snow stdm.
The Puebl of Los Lante five miles below Isletta, on
the Rio Grande has ceased be governed by Indians,
the Mexicans having crowded them out until they had
succeeded in getting nearly all the Indian property into
| their own hands
This pueblo the most southern the Rio Grande
in this Territory
the encroachmrnts of the Mexicans upon their lands
Wherever the Mexicans succeed in getting into pueblo
they the Indians trouble, discussions among
them, introduce liquor and gambling among them, anc
pay regard their rights of property To these
may be attributed the destruction Of the Pueblo of Peco
and tie decline Of the puebos Of Los Lantes and Pcurs
All the pueblos have visited built with streets
running parallel with each other the houses constructed
adobes two stories high the upper story disposed
reaagy upon the first the entrance in oil being
through the roof by trap door, to which access is had
by sdder which leaning against every house,
and which can be drawn up at pleasure
The men in the nothing but n shirt and
bresch cloth in the winter they add blanket buffalo
robe and leggngs made of deer skim and shoes made
the same material Their long black hair is tied behind
with red band and in front is covering the fore
head with the eyebrows and they extremely
proud If they ornament their eyebrows with vermil
lion They very fond of red paint and IL very
freely upon their faces great occasions. Beads are
highly priced by them and around the neck and
worked into their holyday dresses.
The dark colored shawl blanket called
mania which, covering shoulder is drawn under the
the free and bare Their dresses short coming
Just below the knee. They have very small feet upon
which they neat boot made Of deer skin They also
wear leggngs made Of the material which, being
left small at the ankle, continues increase in sire until
they twice the size Of the leg when they dsap
pear under the manta They rebosds like their
Mexican neghors butleave their heads always uncovered
Many Of them may be called handsome. Glossy black
hair sparkling eyes, beautiful white teeth and dimpled
cheeks common to all Of them. The virtue Of the
Pueblo is not furnished by suspicion. Dur
ing the the children around the puebos with
out any clothing whatever
All the Pueblo Indians pull their boards out by the
ROOTS those in the Rio Arrba pull out their eyebrows
like the wild Indians; but those living in the Rio Abajo
suffer their eyebrows to grow.
Eagles caught in the mountains and kept in cages
in many Of the pueblos for their feathers are highly
prized and worn in the hair ornaments.
In every pueblo visited before transacted any
business the best provisions that could be furnished
placed before Roast pumpkins, foles Chile Colo
rada, tortllas eggs mutton venison and wheat bread
would be placed upon little tables, Mexican fashion,