Weekly national intelligencer. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1841-1869, 1852-02-21

suit IN the conquest or lreland 1t resulted i'll only the
establishment OF small armed arstocratc colony upon
the coast enclosed with palisades and therefore called
g the Pale. Within the Pale Englishmen English
laws, English manners, and English rule. Without the
Pale the entire nation Of Iishmen with their here
dtary prince and native language customs manners
Acting upon the law of nations it then under
stood to be- these races regarded each other natural
enemies and hence ensued unsparng and unrelent
ing The Reformation hurled new element into this
national strife The Catholic church in England had given
place to which suited its kings and people both Con-
determined the Government of England subyert the
Catholic church in Ireland The sword was the missiye
sent and ferocous sodiery were the apostles of the
faith The Irish preferred their paterna religion to
one which rudely recommended to them by their
enemies. The Pale backed by England, was too feeble
subugate Ireland and Ireland divided distracted
by scots and clans too weak to crush the Pale and
for four hundred years continued nternecne war;
the end of which both parties retained their relative DO
sitions and power. Thus all that precious portion Of
the nations life worse than lost by Of Imperfect
| conquest.
At last five hundred and twenty years after the first
invasion by Henry H. and at the close of the great battle
fought the banks of the Boyne, Ireland capituated
and that time the entire twelve millions of table
of the island divided and parceed out among the
invaders and the few aposatizng natives Ireland CAPT.
tuated by the treaty of Lmmerick subectng itself
the of the Pale and STIMULATING and reserng
in the most solemn manner the liberty of conscience.
This right of liberty of conscience not only stipulated
by that treaty, but solemny guaranteed by William
and Mary, the common soyeregns of the now United
verting the Catholic Church. She changed only the
means Of accomplishing that object. She perfdiously
broke the covenant of peace though it had been written
in blood and substituted penal code DISTINGUISHING the
Irish people of all CIVIL and POLITICAL and social and
nestle, well ecclesiastical rights thus substituting
for invading armies the serner desposm of the law and
she withdrew the sword to replace with the scaold
shall not detail that atrocious code content with
giving description of it drawn by Burke nourly hum
and Nsh s s sa has 70 have
herence and consistency, well digested well disposed
in all its parts fitted for the impovershment and the de-
graduation Of the people, and the debasng in them of hu
man nature itself"
The aterhistory of Ireland is the record of the fire.
quent and generous but unavang struggles to cast off
that ccde and later to redeem the country from its desc
ating effects
In the year 1778 Grattan, Burke and Flood proftng
the enthusiasm awakened throughout the world by the
American revolution and by the embarrassment which
the British Government suffered in consequence of it,
succeeded in obtaining from the British Parliament some
relaxation of the rgors of that penal code in regard to
education and the rights of property and in the year
1882 when the exgencies Of the British Government had
become alarming they succeeded in obtaining from
the British King and Parliament remuneration Of egs
ative and sovereign power the kingdom of reand
and it was expressed in these solemn and memorable
words:
only enacted by his Majesty Parliament Of that
kingdom established and at time hereafter shall be
questioned or questionable
Ireland exuted for delrious moment in national in
dependence regained. Itwas only for moment and it
deirum Ireland required the repeal of the penal
code and demanded constitution. The Parliament of
the Pale constituted by the Protestant population alone
and being in the interest of England refused both Dis
content wide and Deep pervaded the Irish people, Emmett
Fitzgerald and their associates in 1798 conspred to
raise the standard Of nsurrecon but they beray
ed, and the rebellion crushed in the germ The Gov
of Great Britain assumed that the people Of
Ireland had fully and fairly tried the experiment and had
proved themselves incapable of exercising the franchise
of self thenceforh it assumed that
people Of Ireland and be governed by Great
Britain. The British Parliament therefore, down to
the Parliament of the Pale the so-called of union
and in the year 1900 that mockery of legislature
rendered its perfdious and percous existence By the
act of union Ireland in united to the British
Government but was, in fact, absolved and became
province Of the British empire with only the shadow of
the representative Of the Protestant minority of King
dom. Daniel 0Connel jurist and an advocate of
passing genius eoquence, and learning, inferng from
the failure of the rebellion of 1798 that the time for
tal revolution had passed. least for the present con-
ceved the bold purpose of obtaining change of the con-
sttution and restoration of his country her place
among the nations of the EARTH by a scheme Of civil ag
tation keeping always within the restraints of the law
and looking TO the end through the ultimate of
the King and Parliament of England In the year 1929
he obtained signal triumph in the passage of the of
Catholic emancipation" There remained but step
from that memorable achievement the restoration
of the independence and freedom of Ireland That step
the repeal of the of union But the ruin which
Burke had predicted the baefu fruit Of the penal code
had and pressed too hard upon the feet of the
agtators Ireland could not wait the slow and doubtful
result of civil agitation The nation divided between the
parties Of Old Ireland" following the lead of Daniel
OConnel and his peaceful standard, and sYoung Ire
land" under the guidance of William Smith 0Brien and
advocating the return to the strategy of arms
Now, sir in point of fact it is possible that if the
Irish people had remained united neither of these systems
could have been successful But it is certain that when
they divided and broke both systems sgnay failed Da
MEL OConnell died of broken heart at Genoa, pill
grimage to Rome; and William Smith o. Brien the lead
of the Irish rebellion, being found without attendants
arms or troops was arrested convicted of high treason
sentenced to be executed and, his being COM
muted by the Crown he is prisoner at Van Demans
Land Simultaneously starvation and pestence stalked
mentum, and, continuing SINCE has furnished the
last proof that the most skeptcal could require that
earth revolution just necessary
than the revolution which attempted by Smith
Sir it is not my object in this review, to excite pre-
udices here elsewhere against England against the
Protestant Church within that kingdom / have such
prejudices myself dsdan to be enlisted by prejudces
into partsanship in regard to historical events OCon-
nell was catholic William Smith Bren is protestant
The rage Of sects has died away in the agony of caas
trophe which has involved the people of both sccs in
desolaton and the wisest and best OF Eng
land brought regard the decay Of Ireland as
presage Of the decline Of the empire.
But it is due to occasion like this that the truth OF
history should be spoken and that Ireland should have
her vndicaton From me- ut least, that debt has been
paid. The policy Of England the policy OF the age,
of the times and of her system OF governments and that
is her sufficient apology.
The sympathy Of the American people in behalf of Ire
land is thus proved just proceed to remark that
that sympathy derives intenseness from the conceded