New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1852-01-14

,s :, The University, on the occasion Of the first
,ublic meeting q the American Gsogrzphcal ana
Statistical Society.
M Joshua Leayil, VICE President, IN the aosehte
OF Henri Cnnnell, President, called the meeting %
ordtr and IN short speech set forth IN oislhcI ana
psrtiDent terms tie Cbleci and value OF geogr~phF
eal ard statistical knO Wedge, which sad been
called the two eyes Of history. This scciely hAa
been Termed for the purpose Of collecting all s1cn
snowledge as might be valuable 20 the people shu'
IN proper tine, TO give these facts % the "ori' IN
annual reports Mr.. l. closed BY Introducing Mr.
+ A. Hopkins, late United States Consul n fara-
quay.
r Before the reading Of the paper Of MI. Hopkins
thanks we're voted 70 the Historical Society for The
u,e Of their rooms
On molten of Mr.. S. Dewitt BloodgOod, the thanks
ofthe Society we're voted 70 Foreign Consuls pre-
en-, at the meeting, which compliment was &C
tnowledged by the Consul az TINS poTt for Belgium.
Nj Hopkins was then introduced, and projected
20 read his very interesting paper the more maerai
portions OF which We give below.
PARAGUAY-sKETcH or tyr COUNTRY.
The vas, territory, formerly known by the appel.
lation OF Paraguay, comprised all tnag portion Of
South America which VAS boua1ed on lle hofsh "
the northern frontier Of the provinces 81 santa cruz
de la Sierra ard Chafcas, IN - south IatIuoe 90
the south BY tAe Straits Of Magellan oy br"zi On
the east, and by Chui aud Feru on tie "ess' bo'
the country nov distinguished BY toai name Il en-
trrely cOntSi4ed witnin me shores OF the fafdguV
and Paiana Rivers, rom IN uhcelhcd DDn-diy
With RraziJ Ia sb91t L. = g.. 90 t1er JiIcloh IN
2fos l.. The mans Of these regions ar. mahliesNy
iasoueet N comparison with nose Of me neter
Known p0f ions the World Sub they ~ sIihcieEI
TO give Tho student cDlIeci Seograph ~ loea o. s'e
sources rId channels 81 these NOBLE rivers. ne
RIO ce La Plata d. formed by the confluence Of tne
Uruguay Win the Parala. anS, from iaence 20 the
ocean, u 10 IomarksO FOR ITS sredt Dreacs1 ahd
ebollo rx.ter AL
an estuary OF the sea
The Rlycr Parana reos IN the western slope Of
the highlands Hear the sea1oard, TO the nONl"esl,
ward Of Rio dc Jsneifc, and hl~ing westerly ana
south westerly TO It's junction Wlta me Paraguay,
continues a sOutheTly and south edsterly course 70
the ocean. In this course, through 10 oil latitude
and az many of longitude, IT'S navigation IS only m
terfupted in one place a. latitude 70 40. Here the
Tiver flows for 3G Leagues through narro" gorge
which 1t has burst through the chain oi mountains
running from the province OF san PaulO IN bfazh'
westward mi they are lost before reaching inc Cor.
dieras Probably 10 hYing white man has ever
seen these extraordinary rapids. They we're des
cIibed in 1905 by D. Felix dAzsTa, from hearsay
because, owing % domestic discussions, bafDarlsm
has greatly tncToachcJ upon the frontiers originally
conquered from the Aoonglnes by the SPAN rds
Immediately above these rapids the riyer 4 l2co0
feet vide bot tins enormous width is suddenly re-
doced TO q siI gle channel of $50 feet vide, down
which the whole mass Of water is prcclpiiaed VIII
tremendous fury. The water falls on an inclined
plane OF so, forming immediate descent OF ABOUT
80 feet. and the NOISE IS heard for smiles Sehof
IA the most remarkable cataract IN tle World RON
us extension, and the amount OF It's waters. Both
below aud above this cataract numerous tributaries,
many OF them larleT than the largest fYeTS ot bu-
rome send Their waters 20 swell is gigantic food
But the largest aud most important OF ,hem All IS the
river Paraguay, which cmptcs INTO the Pdrana at
~ 20 south Latitude.
This Ivcr is undoubtedly the perfect, for the
purposes OF navigation, of any IN the kuo IN world
and It's position, IN reference 70 different countries
u OF the utmost importance. Its brs' sources are h
49, south lat and - tong west from Rio de !anero
Thence II Increases rapdly and majestic ally
In fact its primitive fountains arc so plentiful both
number and iG Water, th1tin very short dlilnce
from them 1t Is already fully uayigabc Is bed
spotted with gOlG and bitlauts indicates that = IS
10 he the great channel Of ihc Immense riches of
South America Ga the cast lies tle ltl bfdIli h
province OF Matte Crosse, whose capital, tUya7a,
contains 30 coo inhabitants and is situated in a. -
80 upon the banks of me San Lorenzo, naviga1le
tributary Of The Paraguay.
The city Is surrounded by agricultural establish
ments, well stocked with cattle OF enormous SIZE,
and by mines OF gold and diamonds. The popula
ncn OF this province Is estimated az 10000. On the
west, descending, We meet With the threcmost popu-
lous provinces of Bolivia. MoX0s, Santa Cruz dc ia
PenSia a''H Ban - .'o rcTS n .eaec IT
is at present carried on mules Wcs' rd. over the
Andes, and exported from Cohia, The only seaport
possessed by Bolivia, ana fnllly 4n-s s s.1y To our
shores by doubling Cape Horn
Floating further down, We meet with iae rter
Jauru, which IS nay8aoe up as .'r ihn Die ~ OF
the province oi CAlQuuos AA., '.il lui. H-i Gown
IN latitude ~ deg. the river Verde From thence on
the western bank, do@n 20 fne cry oi santa We, on
the Parana, all r. primitive Wilderness iuit1'iei
by the aboriginal sUages. But NC mret, in taiS
pait ofOuT course, two magnhccnt rivers, when ore
OF the utmost Importance. They ave ne FironaYo
and Bermelo, both nayis be ANA Gee valleys Of both
are thckly populated hy the seehl,A's o. me
white mau-the lands along Their banks beng OF
unsurpassed value iu production.
The Pucomayo rises GA me eastern s'onC Of me
Andes, near the silver mines 90 io'osi p Bolivia,
and flowing South-eastN utly, ne'r NhutnlSaca, ihe
capital OF Bolivia, enters into the pamsuay, tnrec
81 "a |H u AZ
Paraguay. The Bernie % takes lis u.e. also, from
the eastern slope OF the Andes ami lowing through
the pOnuous proFlr e. of S4lfs, JpJni, Nttamarca
and San Juan, also emNles I'o me trlgraY, IN
27s ;. l., opposite the commercial port NJ Villa del
fllar, and near The cmboUc1ure OF tAe Parana. The
voyages oidiscofor on The Pncomayo lnd Bernie D.
accomplished by the Seuofcs ,ornC'J, Lsplnoia ana
SoTla demonstrate every page the CCsatic cntlu-
siasuo their authors the richness and beauty of
the country ON their banks. ana fuly prove that the
regions through Which they LOe are among to
most oenCa cenl gifts OF Prov ienco CD ma ~ TIE
SeM lss0 companies were formed os the purpose
OF introducing European emyrnuon I'm those ic-
giens, and several useful industrial establishments
were sci IN operation ior the maui eture VI ye-v
superior inoigo. Blt ciai wars upon which shan
touch by-and'y, destroy cd ~.
DcscendIrs lhc Paraguay frou Che fNer san To-
reno, on the eastward. We ana constantly al uuia
teIrupted nnc OF white population. TIA Paraguay,
itself, the population amounts Do 2'N 600 s1als ana
The country is la'erssotcd by mmy uyeTs al. acre
ar less nayisab e-'hlt IS . say. iron zen go nfy
leagues The River nocuan is the most lmooi.
ART. ~ was louN explored il T. - IN u NktiN Is
vel "a iass Year bt nit sell .tI IS navg PIE i2i
stsamooatS VI lgh. 1raR Tor eighty D. cues its
banks are lhckly populated throughout Us whole
extent neSCen4lag sin toW ara sac ocean $50 f.i
the eastern shores Of ne lal3ua lined N.l .lI ty-
eight cities, towns and VILLAGES and "a the provinces
Of CoTnentes and Eutfe Rios. population OF an
hundred ana hitN thousand souls. A wlsh caicola-
ZION, according 10 the s. authorities cXtgnt. would
place the extent q rifcr NaY'c a'lca hn Cape S.
Mary al no. less than Ten thousand mules. al ,l
which. IN state @. nature Is W05SrUrtCl hN anF
D Il D M ctHff L
streams, Is found population n Sc',.oo1. entirely
dependent upon taS navigation. ilr tANlr Imports ana
experts.
Mr.. II here gave a minute ana interesting We've.
che Political History OF Paraguay under The extra
ordinary and suicidal policy eli ,ho Dictator Tlancs
whose monSlToOS crimes were wildly te.lneaieJ ID
is well known iha, Francis shu. Paraguay from au