The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-12-15
The Franklin Expsdition.s

The Franklin Expedition
MEETING OF THE AMERICAN BIOGRAPHICAL AMI
STATISTICAL SOCIETY.
Last evening this society held its monthly meeting
the chapel OF ths University, Washington square, Hon
George Bancroft presiding. very able and interest.
ing paper was read by Prof H. X. Kane Untitled 40.
cess an open Polar Sea by North American MerI.
dian . After the President had made few remarks-
Mr. KANE came forward and introduced the subject
his discourse by observing that the North Pole
garded BY geographers with that mysterious awe
which enveoped the inaccessible unknown He then
proceeded to explain the position Of the North Pole
shut Ont from by zone Of ice, which formed per-
mRnent barrier He traced the efforts Of early aud re
cent navigators to make passage through illustrating
the entire from maps and charts lie called at
tention to remarkable feature in the ice coast ne-a
marked ndentation aGh as lat s0o audi 0 Eat long
knoSD as the old Ticking Blight After folio wing the
tnse investing boay thu oughout the entire ciscut
Dr. 10 show me strong presumption in favor Of
The existence Of North Polar sea, Poynya "a Rus
sian term implying an open space lie then said, with
the Of tuppy evident that this charged
basin must have outlet and pointed threeBh r-
IN Straits the eRtuares Of Hudon and Bafiins bays
and the Greenland Sea He she Sed the soush TOW
Of ice and water which in the Spitzbargen Straits,
flowed very sror and carried the vessels attempting
stem back AL the facts went to prove thai the Polar
Basin was not only the seat OF active supply and dis
charge but Ct an intestine circulation. independent Of
ether while the inter communication Of whales between
the Atlantic and Pacific shown BY Maury proved direct
ly that The two oceans were united
The Doctor proceeded to adduce experiments Of the
temperature OF water and other acts in support the
theory Of Polar open But il any point between as
all the theolies be regarded the seat Of the greatest
intensity Of cold We may perhaps infer the state the
equally distant with 1t from this tappossd centre
though as the lines Of latitude do not correspond with
those Of temperature this must be done with caution
have heeu engeged for some time in tracing out this
class of deductions, and find that they point some
ipterestng conclusions to the Huidy Of the region
about the pole and its attendant nilinsss Of ths
ther Thus for instance q, Chere Island surrounded
by moving waters but situated in hsa latitude IS
Melville Island the OF the greatest observed moan
annual Geld the temperature found mild through
out the entire arctic winter, that rain fell upon
Christmas day.
speaks OF the Increasing warmth he left the lend to
the roth OF u deg The whsers north Of SpitzbrIsen
mans Eight is as pleasant as the fes Of Amsterdam
70. rgedenondc Ri.tcnb-ot isstc Dauisn am
in latitude 10 deg with climate influenced by ada
cent land masses but nevertheless plesly Zoe
bound have mean annual temperature of -, ana
in the isoberma curve fsummer curre) of so giving
vegetation Of coarse grasses and few crucifers,
4. In West IaHland, as high ~ 70 degs, barley has
been and believe Is sill grown though hers is its high.
EFF northern limit II 80 deg be our centre Of minimum
cold the Pole at so deg is at the distance from
as this Wet Lspand imi. of the gro 9Th Of barley.
So, with little more FUN, few weeks longer. they
mig hit grow grain against the North Pole. But there
are other arguments based upon known facts popu
upon an open The misrations OF animal life At
the utmost limits Of Northern travel attained by man
hcrdes Of animals Of various kinds have bten observed
travelling still further The arctic though not rich
in SHE'S is teemrg with individual life. Amsng birds
the swimmers drawing their subsistencs from open water
are predomiDan the great families o. ducks Anatin
auks fAlcenm and procellarins birds (P,ocearinm
Thong the and passages of the far north aod even
pcubate IN regions OF unknown northeInass This elder
duck has been traced to breeding GROUNDS high 7Se
In Bafin's Bay; ard IN conjunction with the Brent
goose. seen by us in Wellington Channel the loon
and little aux paes IN great flights TO the po-tharo wa
tsrs hey The mess of the the hugo cetacsa ia
the three great families belonedu dslphincdoc phocid
represented by the whales the narhal and beugs the
seal and that strsngs marine lachy deIm the tusky
v5rus oil pass in shoals towards the northern waters
have seen the white whale clearinghouse Beiuga)
passing up wellington Channel TO the porth for nearl
four successive dogs ard that too willie s Ground US
was sea ct broken ice Go with the quldrupeds Of this
region The equa ORAL range u the Polar bear w. No
itiimps) Is Misconeeived b. our geographical zooio
gibts 1t Is further to the north than We save yet
reacbed ard this powerful beast informs Of the
character of the accompanying life upon which he preys
Tic Illuminating animals, whose food must be veee.
taon obey the same impulse o. instinct Of far northern
travel Tie reindeer (Ceroas 1ae,ldas) although
fometMts in the Parry group, outtde Of the zone OF
woods comes down from the north in herds as startling
forest Of ane The whass q North ns s,y
as high as 70 deg shoot them In numbers and the E-
qnin Ct Whale Sound II deg clothed there with
ice cane first from the north The breaking up the thaw
OF TIE ice plain, did not ecnm,nee In our 50 called
tanned In addition ths We had the observations Of
actual travel To penetrate the 10y annulus ana Ike
the northwest posage had been favored dreams snce
the .aly days OF ocean navigation yet up to this mo-
ment complete failure had attended every attempt But
the question Of to the Arctic pole the penetration TO
th open brought ngan before u.s. not a. In the
days OF Hudson and Sooreeby, and Parry a cuiious
problem fer Fcont,fc inquiry but object Claiming
phanthropic elliott ard appealing thus 10 the ynpabies
In and his folio The recent discoveries BIZ the mi
tee squgor Of Dei,ven aud Penny OF Frsukn drst
winter quarters at the mouth OF Wellington Channel
aided By the complete proofs since obtained that he aid
rot proceed to tire Est West render beyond cou.
tufe lain tina he passed up Wellington Channel the
rorth. Etle hare lest him and save The lozey re
cords upon the tomb stones Of Bis dead FOR
be has been lost TO the world 10 assign his exass posi-
ton 70 mposible only know that he bas Travelled UP
thie sndoo1sd channel seeking the objects Of lis en-
terprise to the north and west. That he some Of
lis party Ie yet in existence this not place to ar
CUE Let The question rest upon the opinions Of those
who having visited this region at least bsttsr qua
bed judge OF lis than those who have formod
their oginions by the ffsside After speaking IL tbs
upsuccessful journeys Ct Penny, Gooder Manson and
Sutherland and giving for eDtera nug but
fnt hopes Of succet from the present pedion under
Sir Il. Belcher DR. Kane saiditb 10 announce smother
pan o. search EN- nov before you aud the access TO
the open forms the characteristic features have
given you the preceding physical Characteristic Of the
meiits and dement's 1t is in recognition OF the i'm
porant oaice which American goographefs perform
tossrds promoting It's utility and that have
made the Society tbs first recipient Of fhs details and out
line ofmy plan H. GriOnel the hret President and now
Vice President Il this Society has done me the hoa ), az
placing at my dispoitioa hts vessel the Advance and
the Secretary Of the Navy asisned me to perisl
dutyi' for the conduct Of he expeoittn Ny pan n
search baecd upon the probable extension OF tao Land
nassei Of Greenland TO the far Dorha view yet 20 be
veihed by travel but sustained By the aneoeies Of phss
csl geography Greenland. though looked Nh n by
4iesRe az congeres Of Islands, ceented by iotsfior
slacicrs T. 10 fact peninsula and follows tue general
which have been recognized tn;e The dsya Of Forg
ter longing 10 peni fuas with soGthorn tend Its
abrupt tfuBcatsd termination at staaten Hook IL ~
Good Hon0
sud Horn oftke two great CONFERENCE.-The Com0Tin or
peDinfulsr IDdie Cope southeast Of Australia or The
,lbisi.aL Oh sosysih sgnn; hnaiogies % gen
80 iBsulss. are even more ftDkkiug. Tho leland
ft'up fer ~ lance fesn ~ fhs east ~ thssa
hem lti,fs abswfGiDg Isc ia kaua Islanas IA.
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