New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1852-05-21
.TuE ECONOMY OF TRADE

which was recently read by Rev. WA.
Cliff before the Mechanics and Working
mems Association of Stonington, Conn.
The author exhibits. in the simplest and
most lucid manner the principles which
upderlie the whole subject of Trade, and
the means whereby a community, whether
large or small, may increase the wealth
and comfort of its members by diversityng
and perfecting its own Industry. He then
proceeds to point out the specific means
whereby the people of Connecticut, and es-
pecially of Stonington, may increase their
own prosperity and wealth by introducing
new trades and industrial vacations, andby
improving their processes of Agriculture 50
as to grow at home the Wheat, Indian
Corn, Fruits, &C.. which they now buy
from abroad simply because they are con-
tent to plod on in ignorance OF the means
indicated by science of improving their
soils, modifying the severity of their CHI
mate, &c. &c. The Lecture is thorou. hly
practical throughout, and reflects great
credit on the Association which elected it,
every one of whose members must have
prohted by its homely but valuable truths.
From its illustrations of Public Econo-
nv, we make the following extracts:
Every laborer meets his varied wants best by doing
one thing we'll and trading for the rest This Is the
broad distinction between savage and civilized lie
The one is without trade the other has It. The
first attempts OF savage tribes TO trade, makes an
epoch in their history, and marks the dawn OF civil
cation.
but there is great difference in civilized com nu-
mites in the and perecedness OF trade In some
communities YOU will find little diversity of occu patton
In others has the same business as his nelghoor
If we look at the circumstances OF such communities II
will generally be found that they rch or poor ac-
cordng to the facilities of trade Agricultural districts,
where from necessity there is out occupation sell
dom show any large accumuations OF wealth either IN
individual cases in the aggregate Wealth centers IN
ciie and villages where there Is the greatest variety
of occupation And wealth generally increases IN these
places Just different kinds of business are multiplied
The Sionngton OF to-day, has more wealth than the
Stonngton OF thirty years sgo, mainly because new
kin DIS Of business have sprung up here In an old Gaz
etetr published in 1871, have the following descrip-
uCn OF this town
s,onngton contains public arsenal belonging to the u s.
wooleu soreS cotton, academy, houses OF pubic wop
10 Is vessels employed IN the fisheries and The amount Of hP
1s as 9" sct here Is about 'i'' ''' '' 'D-'
THE population of the borough has more than
doubled and its wealth has probably increased sixty
rot an hundred fold We have besides our main busl-
ness of whaing-tha of transporston-and OF fashion,
able watering branches OF the mechanic arts and
Lyceum lectuiing. What IS now wanted Is sucn TUT
Their increase of business or trade shall give full en-
ployment to all the capital labor and skill now among
US Other things being equal, the greater variety OF
remunerating employments you can introduce INTO
community the greater will be its individual and agsre-
gate wealth. This is what We mean by Inc Economy
ofTrade Every profitable business increases the
profabenes of every other kind OF business areaay
esta olished. .,.,
1--WE ask brief but patient examination of this posi-
tion and OF tie practical considerations which grow out
OF it, -.
economies by bringing producer and consumer togeth
that the expenses OF shipping and exchange are
altogether avoided That place will be the richest, and
will have its wealth most equally distributed, where the
sea- the SOIL the climate, and human skill and Industry,
bring the greatest supply to our varied wants has
been whey ordered that no one spot snail have all the
facilities for meeting numerous wants 10 develop
our energies foster nmcrce, to promote the inter
course OF nations God has widely scattered the objects
OF human desire. But still there IL very great differ
ence in the facilities for meeting wants in different
countries Nature has made great difference, ana art
still more.
"a very large part of the expense olivngis made up
of commissions paid to the individuals VINO stand be-
tween the producer and the consumer. The inhabIant
OF the coal countries Of Pennsy has his coal drop
ped al his door for two dollars tun or less The In
same article for five dollars or more The consumer
here has to pay proit the transportation to the sea-
board profit 10 the coal merchant there, proht on
the transportation here and pron to the coal merchant
here The owner in either gets the same price for
his coal and labor Threehths OF the expense OF fuel
is chargeabe TO It's long distance from u.s. Every man
no consumes his five OF coal In year, pays al
least fifteen dollars for the fact that his producer OF uei
IL in Pennsylvania rather than in Stoningon. large
part of our breadstus also come from abroad ana on
these we have pay the expenses OF shipping and the
profits of the jobber Inc same IS true ol wearing ap
parel and OF almost everything we have occasion to
use On the other hand, the great article we produce
is much cheaper than in the inland towns nifty or hun
ed miles north OF The oil that Is retaleo mere al
ty cents there costs seventyive The hsh that here
sells AT three cents pound there cost six or eight
Again. most OF the products OF the mechanic arts,
which have occasion TO USE cost US lar more tnan
they would if produced at our doors we nave 10 pay
for their transportation TO the great kets Tor their
storage and sale by the wholesale merchant tor their
portation hher and their sale by the retailer 1t
is easy to see them from these illustrations that could
those who produce the articles consume be transfer
red to our vicinity there would be large saving In our
expenses of living The nearer you can bring pro-
Queer and consumer together the more do you econo
mlze. .
these illustrations but by the Colonial history OF France
and Britain larger scale The product OF sugar for
the home consumption OF France on her own SOIL or on
the soil of her colonies, proves IT, An OF good land
well cultivated in the West Indies will produce thirty
uns of plant cane, which, prepared for the mill and
dried, Will produce weight vi
sugar while Of beet root will produce eighteen
tuss, producing twenty-five twoftths hundred weight
difference that would seem to defy competition, and to
require protection enable the producer of beet
gar to live by his labor. Yet great are the advan
tsges resulting from proximity to market that beet sugar
is gradually driving cane sugar out OF the markets of
continental Europe. The production of beet sugar in
France already exceeds by one-third, told, the
amount imported by the French colonies in the West
Indies although the duties the same all French
sugars whether exotic or Indigenous And so strong
the tendency in that direction that the financial reports
of France for 1850 show increase of duties do
nestle sugars of more than million francs and de-
crease foreign of more than million francs. The
necessary effect of this must be dminuton In the value
of colonial property because of is distance from mar
ket: and that effect must continue 10 be felt in daily
increasing degree until the colonists shall exert them
selves to make smsrket the land for the products Of
the land"
.Inu- nAIs TILE MAINE AW NnRKe