Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1852-03-03
AG OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
HOW ANIMALS COOL OFF,

The genus homo and the genus horse have
a double privilege of refrigeration, while
all other animated beings have but ONE
You may be surprised to learn that no 9th
er beings sweat except men & horses, and
hence no other beings can cool themselves,
when hot by perspiration through the SKIN
The confirmation Of this fact is found IN
the whole range of comparative anatomy,
where nature has furnished examples on
the most extended scale of magnituGe,in the
whole animal world, IN the largest as well
as the smallest OF beings.
In all the pachydermate, or thlck-sEin-
ned animals, except the horse, are found no
pores in the skin that exhale heat by per-
spiration, the envelope on all these animals
being only secreting surface, like others
of the lnsernal surface of the body. All the
cleft-feet species, il Guiding those present
ing feet with toes rounded and unprovided
with claws, the elephant, rhinoceros, bison,
mammoth, mastadon, buffalo, OK, swine,
deer, as well as the lion, tiger, bear, wolf,
fox, birds, squirrels, dormouse, oppossum,
raccoon, all alike offer the same example as
the dog, that they have no other means o.
cooling themselves when hot except
through the medium of the lungs by respi-
ration.
The farmer drives his oxen IN the sum-
mer heat, with great care, and when they
open their mouths and thrust out their
tongues, and pant to exhale the heat gene
rated by exercise, If he does not stop their
motion, they die with the heat that accu-
mulates within them. His hogs, too, must
be driven with more care, and If they are
allowed to grow fat in hot weather, they
often die, painting, in state OF repose
when in the shade.
All these animals, with the exception oil
the elephant and rhinoceros, are covered
with hair and fur, or feathers and down,
which vary with the climate.
The fur and down tribe throw off there
rich covering at the approach of spring,
and revel with their fellows in the sum-
mer's sun, and as the autumn returns, they
are refurnished with their furs and down
in anticipation of the winters frost.
In health, these animals have large de-
post of tat beneath the skin fat is mix
ture of two or more ingredients, which diff
fer from each other in consistency--in most
instances they are stearine and margarine
along with liquid oleine as the weather
cools, these oils and fats condense, and as
they sohdify they become non conductors
of heat, and as the heat accumulates be-
meath the skin, it generates the delicate
furs and down for winters use and in the
spring, as the temperature rises,the oleine
becomes volatile and sheds them again fol
the summers heat: so that this simple law
for the generation of heat, IN animal as in
vegetable life, is graduated by the huctua-
tons of the season and the revolutions OF
time. The familiar example of the dog
who generates his heat at the expense Of
his substance, as he increases his speed
and, having no pores in his skin, he multi
plies his respiration in the ratio of motion,
as the only means of keeping himself cool,
and having no perspiration to check, he
plunges into water with impuuity, and re-
turns refreshed, when men and horses sub
merged in similar condition would sud-
denly check perspiration, and if they sur
yived the shock, it would be to die with a.
cute or chronic inflammation.