The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-11-16

SWitn tho exception OF those wearing uniformity
to appear in mourning, without weepers, but with
mourning swords. All persons admitted to seats in
the cathedral Will appear in mourRing frock dress.
Servants not in mourning attending the carriages.
viii be admitted with silk or Grape hatbands and
gloves.
Opening OF Electric Communication with
the Continent of Europe.
From the London Gazette, Nov l.
crowd Of scientific and distinguished persons
congregated this forenoon ct the office OF tho Sub
marine Telegraph Company in Cornhill, to wit ess
the opening Of the electric communication direct
between Great Bri ain and the continent of Europe,
via France and Belgium. Toe company have had
10 contend with much difficulty in carrying out their
intention, IN conse OF the opposition offered
to their plans by the French government. This, we
are happy to say, has been partially removed, and
by line OF wires (ust completely laid down along
the old coach road between London and Dover, via
Doncaster and Canterbury, in connection with the
submarine Cable across the straits of Dover, istan-
tdfeouS communication is obtained bet,ceen London,
Paris, Ssceden, Trieste, 0raco,o, Odessa and Leg
horn. We mGe informed the Wires w0e being car.
into The interior Of africa Several splendid ma
chimes were exhibited to the qualification Of the
guests, and messages sent to Paris and answers re-
ceiyed within one minute.
From the London Times. Nov 81
There were many persons present yesterday, at
the opening OF the direct telegraph route between
Cornhil and Paris, and yet there compare
lively few of them who could not remember the
prrhaps, who could not recolec the Inauguration Of
the first railway, and not one who might not be
able to call to mind the time when Faraday first
compelled the sly spark to twinkle forth from the
reluctant magnet. The interest attached to the
proceedings yesterday from the circumstances
that, though a telegraphic commune alton has
existed for some time between London and Paris,
10y means of the submarine electric telegraph, in
connection with the wires on the Dover line, and
those the Northern of France, yet that this was
the first attempt to speak direct to Paris from Corn
hill, by the wires Of the Submarine Telegraph Com
psny, and the European and American Telegraph
Company, which have laid down lice of wires
along the mailcoach road from London to Dover,
where it is connected with the submarine cable, and
thence is brought into communication with the
French line to Paris The Submarine Telegraph
Company originated in concession gained from
the French government chiefly through the exer-
tions of MIR Brett, and which was granted in 1919,
to last for 10 years, on condition that it was
carried out at the end of October, 1851 1t will bs
recoected that experimental insulated wire
was laid down across the Channel to test the
practicability Of the scheme, which answered the
purpose and proved the thing was feasible, though
destroyed few hours afterwards Thereupon the
company applied to the public for money but with
out effect, and several capitalists who were asked
for funds, also refused. Mr.. CHAMPION, the we'll
Ranown engineer, whose locomotive obtained the
Council medal at the Great Exhibition then under
took to carry out the project, in doing which hs
risked not only his professional reputation but in
Cured the chief pecunisry responsibility The line
cesson 1t has stood for year. without the slightest
deterioration the action Of seawater, the storms Of
the Channel, the tides and currents, and even the
purchase Of a ships anchor dragged across it in
gale OF wind Mr.. Champion assisted in the
undertaking by Mr.. Wollaston, the other engineer
of the company, and the triumphant success Of this
first attempt may be the more readily appreciated
when it is remembered that three dis nct
have since been made to lay down wires across tho
Irish Channel, all of which have failed. Two of
these have been complete failures, and the third
project is still in SO imperfect state that its uiti
mate eff ,ency is ut least probematic8l Mr. Brett
was the contractor for the line from London to Dover
Mr.. Champion with Mr. Wollaston) oeing the engi-
neer, and Mr. r. Edwards of the directors of the
company, and Messrs Davisand Campbell, solicitors,
carried out all the business arrangements in sonnec
tion with the undertaking. At one O'Clock the
Offices Of the company, at 30 Cornhill, were thrown
open to all who took an interest in the proceedings
great number of persons looked in during the day
which was "close' HOLIDAY on tho Stock Elk.
change and on the Paris Bourse.
On going up stairs into the instrument room, at
O'clock, we found the French machine, invented by
Brequet, whose name is SO well known here At work
In direct comm unication with Paris. The appear
lance of the instrument is attractive instead OF
the dials, with double needles. familiar to NEST
ofus in the ordinary speaking part of the electric
telegraph, there is small black arm working in
jerks from the centre of white dial, to des-
c1be angles of 40 and 80 degrees, with fixed yer.
teal line passing through the CENTRE performing, in
fact, the action which any one waking past the
Admiralty might have seen in full play when the
semaphore on the top was at work The motion of
the handle which governs the electric current, and
tie motion of the arm are necessarily rotatory ALSO
and the little arm moves round very quickly, indi-
eating the letters by the various angles it forms
with the centre line. The reason why this system
was employed reflects some credit on the French
government. 1t is we'll known that the semaphore
system was very extensively used in France, and,
rs the electric wires displaced these comparatively
slow mears Of communication, the government,
anxious thatthe employees under the old plan should
not be thrown out of work, and that their skill and
experience should be made subservient to the uses
OF the State, adopted this rotating the dials
OF the telegraphs, which perform peto all the
tioDs ofthc old semaphores sgnalposts with
The French government had sent this me.
chine under the care Of MN Guichon and Dsshays,-
being no doubt, pardonabiy jealous Of the reputa.
ton of France in such matters. and anxious that
their own plan should be adopted on the ne " line
as 1t prevails from Calais to Paris, and all over
France; but whether it was from the unfavsrable
character Of the weather, or some other cause.-The
extreme decacy ofthe apparatus. and the difficulty
OF obtaining the proper balance ofpower for it, we're
suggested as likely one-it did not seem very
Acessful. Indeed, the French gentlemen in charge
OF it, said that the very perfect insulation of the sub
marine cable was against them, or it returned the
current in the WIRE 1t is also to be observed tina.
this machine was worked by very largo galvanic
combination, consisting, apparently, OF twenty five
or thirty batteries Of twelve plates each. Several
communications took place by this apparatus; but
the working oft was said not to be so satisfactory
as that of Wheatstone's. A wire having been Sc
cured for the ordinary double needle telegraph, af
ter the exchange of some preliminary talk, the fol-
lowing message wasreceived almost iostantaneousIy
after 1.-THE announcement that the communication
was completely in working order, by means Of the
French machine, from Paris to London:-NM. Foy,
director General of French Telegraphs) presents
his compliments to the Hon F. Cadogau y
: Shortly afterwards message was received, "Fog-
gy in Paris"
a message was transmitted from london to Paris.
"Stran9ers are visiting the London Office Please
send few words'
The answer was, Wait"
After some further experiments, tho following
message was received from Paris:-
Thi, day is very unfavorable for transmission betwcne
London Ind Paris The atmosphere Is very damp We
are to try double needle instrument 10 direct commu'
nication between Paris and London.
At ten minutes past two (London time) the ques-
ton was asked Of Paris 4" What time is it
The answer was, "2l0 p. NJ"
An inanirY was then sent to Arras, 10 miles