New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1852-10-02
MEMORANDA.

For IT,. Tnbuue
Political State and Progress OF the Country.
We learn from trustworthy letters Just re-
ceved from New Granada that that count, is max.
ing most pid progress that the rights OF personal
freedom guaranteed under the administration Of
General Lopez are not empty sounds, as in other
Republics Of South America. The whole nation
sawaking from il former stupor and is giving
signs of being no longer prey to usandarias and
ntriguers who hitherto hav sre tarde 10 those Re.
publics the development Of liberty and know
ledge. on behalf Of which ble' sings many efforts
have been made and so many lives sacrificed.
There can be no doubt that the continual politi.
cal struggles in which the counT es in question
have been engaged, have had their rise mainly in
the perseye,ing resistance that the remnants Of
the olisarchy Of the colonial period have offered
against the organization Of democratic republics.
This organization has been resisted by the SUP.
porters, who exist every where, Of despotisn,--by
religious fanatcism.-by military aspirsnt', moro
or less ambitious and brutal by the holders of
privileges and monopolies, and by ridiculous ira
dtions of nobility. Al these elements have hith-
erto opposed liberty with varied success but they
this struggle could not sst indefinitely the po xer
OF democracy and Of modern civilization, which
every where dispels prejudces and the barbarity
of the middle ages, has produced rapid changes in
the New World. The personal interests that the
SpaniaIds left there at the time Of their expulsion
and OF the proclamation Of independence, have
been weakening slo Wy in the same proportion that
tn, eminent persons who represented and support
ed them have disappeared. On the other hand,
new generation has risen, imbued with the princi-
pies of the present epoch, upprejudced, strong,
and impressed with the convic lions founded on
those principles. That generation, enlightened
and full of faith in the future, to which tho dnger
of Providence is directing humanity now contemn-
ed and illuminated by crowd Of inpostors, 10
called upon to nvigorats with its energetic im-
pulses the old systems of society," and animate the
new ones that begin to be organized. This gener-
alton is commissioned to tear off chat solsmn and
deceitful mask with which hypocrisy and filsehood
have been dis yuised for some centuries, and by
means of which they succeed in supplying tho
people and in reducing then to the utmost imbe-
city. This generation, in short, must demolsh
that system Of delusion by which arstoeracies and
and cast truth into a chaos Of fallacies and rdi.
cule.
The PEG pie Of Ne v. Granada have ascertained the
soundness OF these truths and are rising 10 the full
appreciation Of their dignity under the auspices Of
an administration at whose head stands a General
full Of patriotism and OF ardor, which from his
youth has animated him in behalf of tho public
Liberties Of his country. This administration has
comprehend.d all that was to be effected ia order
liberty democracy and koOwlecge, and il has
therefore demolished the foundations on which
despotsm has always and everywhere reposed-
such as monopoIhs 8. slavery, restrictions Of tho
press, &c. Thus it is that there arc now n slaves
to be seen in that country-no fettered industry,
privileges of nobility military or eccIe siastic
no laws restrictive OF the expression Of thought,
Of association, or Of the press. Tithes and offer.
ngs as we'll as burial, baptismal, matrimonial and
other fees have been abolished the converts Of
monks are rapidly disappearing; trial by jury has
been established with success the instruction Of
youth is becoming so general, that there is not
even parochial district but has at least pi-
mary school, nor province without a college
where several important branches Of learning and
science are gratpitou.y taught, beside which
there are also several private high schools and
other institutions OF educ alton. Printing presses
have been established extensively in all the
provinces. The making of roads and means
Of communication is eagerly encouraged.
Committee, perfectly organized, and composed
of engineers ard scientific men, are drawing maps
of the whole Republic, with very important de-
tails. Commerce is fast increasing, by reason OF
the freedom given to industry and trade in tobac-
co and gold. Great reductions have been made
in the duties OF importation, while those OF export
have been entirely abolished and the veIatious
system Of quarantine has been abrog tted. The
local municipalities enjoy perfect liberty to legs-
late independently Of the General Government
upon all that inme diafely belongs to them. Ey-
cry religion is tolerated. The laws requiring
passports to enter or depart from the Republic
exist no longer. The immigration Of foreigners
is literally encouraged. And to complete this
gratifying state Of things, President Lopez has
voluntarily Invested bimself Of power and pre-
negatives, tstoring them to the people and to the
local authorities, decentralizog at the same time
the administration Of the revenues aud expenses.
This rare ard almost unprecedented act Of pat
riotism and disibterestedDess challenges tho af-
miuation Of every friend Of freedom. The stand
ing army, which scarcely in any country Of the
world has given more striking proofs Of zeal fox
the public service and Of philanthropy, tinasnueh
as it solicited Of itself the abolition Of military
priyile ges, has been reduced to 500 men, and
will be entirely dsbanded go soon as the Nationh
Guard can be regularly organized, the formation
of which is at present pursued by the Govern
ment and the public with energy and dets'mlaa'
ton. New Granada in short, advances with
firm ard decided step, and entertains well
grounded hope Of soon reaching the hisheh De-
gree Of prosperitv.