Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1852-01-16
R{CHMUND EN4UlKEIs.
wEDNEsDAY MoRNING. JANUARY II.
GOV. JoHNsoN's MESSAGE.

paper. is the eniarging evil oil the lncfeuscu "'"
FREQ colored population ia the State. VIC iohy "s'"' -"
ITO drive l!cm Fl ON the State by law without y
providing .hr:n a home, would be oppressive ana ha'sh' an
$3.50, N, evi, n grow still greater, Is forbidden as
,ou =, o,,.i5o,,,ioo of humanity, as il ia contrary 10 The
,t,,.,o. :, ,.is,lom and sound policy They are an incon'
,.,o,s md unomalouse element in the midst Of the white pop
,Iaion. even in tho free States. Unprotected by the lloera
hand of Z master, and, to a great extent, deprived OF hohcs
support by Tie competition Of the intelligent whites, 'hes
are thrown upon q resort 10 vice and 10 crime. In many .
he free States, the door is closed 10 their adm!t'ance oy con
sututional and legislative enactments, ana othc! States, incla
ding Pennsylvania, ue preparing 10 follow te same VIA
process of thorough exclusion. 1t 10 Tor Inc WISDOM "i az
Legislature 10 devise some remedy, some means OF cu''e' ~
an increasing evil. In many sections OF the Union me III
por,ance of African Colonization, as a policy, is warmly
urged, The Governor of New York, in his late message
whose conservative spirit on he subject ofthe late sectional
controversy has taken us entirely by surprise-gofsa al iene"
INTO the subi. ct, ard puts forth the following views:
A careful examination has convinced me Of the feasibility
and immense advantages of the undertaking., ana oil us pre-
eminent clains upon our support. Cnoes lhe auspices VI .I
soriely nearly IL. 600 free coloTed persons nave enl5,air',
many OF Them he!Gg slaves liberated on mat condition. lHcy
4 I'VE established . free republican government, ad acquires
by peaceful means, u large eH'en1 oi county, e'nG,aI,ns
200 900 people, and Astounding in the clements oil agncu'a'
raj and commercial prosperity. They have shown themselves
comperent 10 make their OWN laws aud administer Their al
mira with regularity and justice. Industry prospefs, schools
and churches have been established. and the people % liis
infant colony, carrying with them the knowledge acquired
in the scene of their former humiliation, are spread!nt Ci'ris'
,ianitv and civilization over 4 portion OF the earth when mas
been sunk ior ages in healhen barbarisn. The value OF liS
consideration will be felt when il Is remembered 'ta' Tue po-
pulation Of Africa is computed at loU.Uuu:uUo, OF whom j
minority are in the most AFFECT slavery.
BY the efforts OF the new republic the save 'raue nis Teen
suppressed along several hundred miles Of coast, and me cx'
tension Of the settlements will extirpaie that detcstaoie 'fat.
tic. Thus we perceive that this great Work OIL mummy
NAV claim the double merit Of redeemlng another CONTINENT
from degradatiun, while 1t improves Inc condition "' our
own. 1t needs no prophetic vision to ioresee tNat one o 'ne
great designs of 4 mysterious Providence Is To oe iuii'leu oy
restoring The oppressed sons Of Africa 10 their native soil al
ter centuries OF bondage.
Of two of the greatest races Ut manklnd, rse+ h!9h aooF'
the party contests Of the day, and appeals win reslstiess
force TO the justice and humanity OF The whole american
people. | hope 10 see 1t sustained ny the lloefai nc,"n ,S %n
The national government, seconded by contributions rom 'he
several States.
While We protest against all unconstitutional meda'ing
with the subject by the Federal Government, We should ue
pleased to see adopted any feasible plainly the operation
of States or individuals which would by gradual ana sure
means, tend 10 rhs removal OF u growing evil, that impairs
the strength Of property in slaves, loads the criminal cal
endar and fills our penitenliaIies and prisons win otien-
dsrs against tho laws. The subject Is worthy oil the most
serious consideration OF the Legislature.
There is another imporlan. portion OF Governor john
sons message which wo cordially endorse-we refer 10 ms
Jealous recommendation of the great subject of agricultural
oho VI nv
and permanent scheme for the advancement OF nsrieui'ura'
science-comnencing with the immediate election oil an as'
ricu.tural commissioner and chemist In pursuance o. inc
act. of last winter, and with authority 10 him 10 eslaoi'sh
agricultural! societies In such counties as he may WISH IL Tue
discharge Of his duties. We are glad to see some OF our as'
ricul,ural societies, for instance that al Fredericksburg pre-
naring 10 revive their career OF usefulness-hut new
and lasting impetus can only ef1ectually be Civ.
on to the cause by the adoption OF some o'a'c
plan, such as tine appointment of an agricultural cominis-
s,ooer and chemist. 10 difnse the benefits Of science though
out the State. Such q measure Is now operating tnos' oen-
e6cially in The State of Maryland. The best and most Geo.
non;cal plan we have vet seen proposed, is that reported BY
the commit tee IN Agriculture # the Legislature oil New
Jersey, which, If fully carried out, must result In advancing
the best interests of the State. 1t proposes The appointment
GA State Agticulturist, whose dulicsare
Isl. To deliver Il course of Lectures on Agriculture IN
each county each year, commencing with the county to"nS'
and changing the place of lecturing under the Amusement u
the Legislative representatives lrom the coIn'ies.
I'd. To make m Annual Report 10 ihe Legislature en-
bracing all ,nr known improvements in Agriculture fo'''
culture, &C., embracing an account OF al the ln'pfoSea c'ops
of the State, AID the means by which they nave oceh pro-
duccd, 30 as to enable Others TO avail themselves OF TIE cur
rem, improvements Of the year. This report! 10 De publish
ed by the Legislature, and gratuhously distributed among
the farmers.
Il ICpOlI u - -
facts there set forth would refer TO crops raised sunlc'en"y
near them 10 insure an examination in cases of doubt and
dislrust.
"A. The Suite AgrIcul,uralist is required to assist in the
formation Of Coanty Agricultural Societies where none exist
and to keep them supplied with the current improvements OF
the time-to do which, he Is required 10 correspond win the
AGRICULTURAL Societies Of other States, 80 as 10 Keep hlinsc'i
fully posted up in all improvements.
The Lectures to be delivered by this officer are to be free
-, L. the cn o. n rpnhpFlnn n
cal improvements the common property OF all.
Conversational meetings on Agriculture could DC eslao'
Iished in every township, md from experience this plan has
h.en found 10 BE- of great usefulness. Without such an DIN
ccr however, the establishment OF Conversational Meetings
on Agriculture, Farmers Clubs, and even County Societies
are neglected from yea! 10 year.
SUCH an officer could, and doubtless would lnouce one OF
more farmers ia each county 10 raise the standard crops
of that county in the most improved manner, AM
Inns a practical instance could be given, by which the ap-
plications OF improved manures, modes OF culture, &C., would
be made known TO The many, while the plans proposed py
theorists would be- fairly and fully tested; indeed, the travel
ing of such an officer, if judiciously selected, would in!nse
n spirit Of inquiry and Improvement, which, "ouldadd mate
rally TO The income of the State.
THE SENATORS OF VIRGINIA, IN
In the speech of Gen. Downs OF Louisiana, delivered In
the Sena,. of the United States, on the 10Th inst, is The fol-
lowing paragraph:
The Senator (Mr. Rhcit) says The fugitise-slare law has
no; been executed. and he mentions two or three Instances
in which its execution has been prevented by the violence III
muts, But nc ought To have recpilected, "a l nn sure 'he
country will recullGci, thai, before the passage Of this act, the
rule was that the law for the rccaptu.c oi ilgitivrs was ho'
executed, and the exceptions were where II was, anu lIii no"
the rule is the other way. and The lew exceptions are "te'G
i, Ia. failed. II has been as fully aud as faithfully executed
~ any law ever was or Will be. 1t has hccn execnted IN
every State in The west, and in othcr free States hofdtfins IN
slave States. In every Instance, except one IN Pennsyi'a'
mia. The federal and State officers, civil and military, have done
their duty. In no Instance has the State authority intcfpus'
ed To prevent is eXecutiua-nut even In vermont, where
alone q State legislature has attempted TO interfere since
the passage oi the act, and that in a moment OF delusion, ana
auuinst The opinions of the abiest aud best men even IN Ina
quarter OF the Union. | will not further discuss TINS polni
but will conclude what | have to say on the subject WIN
brief quotations from the speech of the honorable senator
from Virginia Nj. Mason] who sits nea! M, who dlfitred
very widely from me on most OF the measures nt the Com
momisc, and TO whose able remarks on this suuJscl, Tue o'nei
day, we al. lisicneI with 80 much pleasure:
aNow, | am not ware OF one Of tie southern States. en-
cent the State OF South Carolina, which continues 10 pro-
les, ncaiust them. am not aware Of one OF The southern
| States, except the State of South Carolina, which has not de
clared, in lie most emphatic manner, to the majority IN IN:
government, Ii you will stop there, and execute 10 good iai'l
tho law tor The exclamation o~liugiiye slaves, we wal! acqni
o,.n - trh.f hna nnn dnnp