The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-01-06

Kingdom by manufactures ana commerce connected
with the United States amount to 2,436, 496 per-
sons. (Hear, hear.) And now, gentlemen, this
trade has been progressing since the two coun
tries have recprocally adopted the repeal and the
reduction of duties; and If peace be continued be-
feeling which now seems sweeping all before it 10
both countries with resistless tide rushing over oil
ancient prejudices and opposing obstacles-if that
peace, that commerce, and that friendly fesng are
to be continued and perpe.uated, as trust in God
tkey may (applause), what limit, gentlemen, are
we to assign TO the reciprocal commerce Of England
and America? (Hear) Why, gentlemen, every
both countries are bringing their produce and
commerce at cheap rates upon the seabo ard Of
each Then there is the great expansive power Of
steam, which has bridged the Atlantic, and brought
our respective countries within ten days of each
other. And, gentlemen, what limits are We to
assign to these vast improvements and discoveries
Who will say that that same Geographic power by
which you can communicate across branch OF the
ocean, and along its coral depths, with the conti
nent Of Europe, shall not fash from England to
America the thoughts and the friendly messages
and the commerce Of both-when the manufacturer
and business man in Manchester shall give his d.
rections by telegraph to his correspondent in New
York, and they shall hear upon the same day ne VS.
each from the other (Hear Now, gentlemen,
something has been said by your worthy and excel
lent President about the further reduction ofdutes
Well, gentlemen, am one of those who have dis
tinctly avowed, in my own country, that l am in
favor, in due time, of further reduction of duties
(Hear.) But, gentlemen you give US some little
help in this. If we have 80 per cent duties on
your manufactures in tho United States, which you
think little high upon some of your manufactures,
permit me to say that you have one at least that is
exorbltantly high upon one Of the srncpal agricul
tursl products of my country-t h your duty on to.
bacco-( hear)-rapging from 3s to %. per pound,
and amounting, according to my arithmetic, to 1000
per cent Now, of the main arguments used in the
U nted States, and particular in our important
tobacco States, against the tariff of 1876 and
against the free trade policy, in favor OF aug
mentaton OF our duties, and against the reduction,
is this duty upon tobacco. l de not mean to make
any unreasonable remarks or proposition, because
know you must raise certain amount of revenue
But the question submit to you is ths-i3 it pos
sible that duty Of 200 per cent must not be
largely above the revenue standard (Hear.)
Then, gentlemen, when you look at the vast ex
penses connected with the collection Of this duty
tobacco-expenses which are eating up the revenue
in the salaries and expenses Of its collection; when
you look at Jour revenue vessels at your expensive
government stores connected with your tobacco
when you look at the prosecutions for smuggling
and fraud, and other crimes, and when you look at
the fact that the smuggler where the duty is l,200
per cent, folowsclose at the heels OF the importer
| appeal to you, whether a mere question of
revenue, this duty might not be immensely reduced,
and bring as large, if not larger, amount Of
revenue? lApplause) If my worthy friend here
will help in this matter and while are reducing
duties, if there any Gas believe there are, too
high under our present system, you will reduce
this, it would be Of essential aid to in that great
cause as believe it would be highly beneficial to
Great Britain. and 30 both countries; because, if
you take more of our tobacco, we would take more
OF your manufactures to pay for il. Gentlemen,
believe that if the free trade statesmen of England
because they can more readily have access to the
satistics-would take up the tariffs OF all the world,
and, by process Of reasoning some what similar to
that employed by my worthy friend tho president
en- this occasion, would demonstrate by prices cur
rent and by actual results what was the loss sus
tanned by the entire world by the tariff system Of
oh hr yiy Lob in
on the face Of tho globe, into unproductive pur-
suits hear, hear)-and taxing IL, apprehend the
world wonld be astounded by the results Clear,
hcar) Why, gentlemen, If the world is composed,
as is generally believed, Of a thousand million
people, and only two hundred millions are en-
ployed in such labor, and that labor is reduced
but Id day to each OF them, in consequence of it
being driven out of those pursuits in which it
would be most profitably invested in every coun.
try, but for the Intervention of the laws Of
mas, the loss to tie whole world, and to the
labollpg industry Of the world, in one year,
would amount to the Incredible sum Of ESQ 600 900.
sterling. (Hear, hear, and applause Gentlemen,
protective tariffs are the walls and partitions which
separate men and nations, and Ney are the great
causes Of war (bear, hear, )-they are the great
causes Of war elrenditure-th are the enemies of
peace, of progress, and of civilization. (Applause)
Nor, gentlemen, is this question of tariff mere
question of dollars aud cents. If it had been /
should not have devoted SO much Of my humble
time to the question No. gentle men, it is ques.
Clear, hear) 1t concerns the comforts and the
subsistence of nearly all the Industrial classes. IL
decides whether they shall have comforts and plen
ty for themselves and families, or whether they
shall be reduced to want and penury, or driven to
the poorhouse and the grave. (Hear, hear.) 1t is
not, then, gentlemen, question of mere dollars
and cents, but it is higher ard more lofty ques-
ton, which concern the happiness and the welfare
and the morals of the people, clear, hear.)
have heard, gentlemen, some talk made since
have been here out what 20 are pleased to call
.,Old John Bull" But, gentlemen, do not think
that be IS old (hear, hear) but rather in the vgor
growing younger for many years past Qaughter.)
| beheye gentlemen, that he is much younger than
he was in 1881 prior to the passage Of the Reform
bill. CLEAR, heard ] believe that he is younger
than he was IN 1914, when you repe aled the duty
cotton believe he is much younger than he was
in lSi6, when You repealed our corn laws, and we
reduced our tariffs; (hear, hear;) and, gentlemen,
without intending to intermeddle Qor have no
nal policy. can only state, from some meetings ]
have seen in and else whcro, tha, should
it be my happy lot in some few years hence to re-
turn to England again. believe | shall find what
you call the " OdJohn'' still younger, by further
extension ofthe right of tho suffrage to the indus
trious classes, and by their education. c. Hear,
lear, and cheers.) Permit me here, gentlemen, to
say one word in the most kiady spirit, and with
the best wishes. Notwithstanding that there
arc many things in my own country that un
foubteoly cannot com pare with yours Gas I am
nee 10 aeKhoWleuge, anC as every candid Ameri- /
can Will do,) yet, thesubject of education, (hear,
hear) permit me to say that all our industrial
classes are thoroughly educated CLEAR, hear And,
gentlemen, If we have succeeded anything, either
70 agriculture or in manufactures, if, with our
high wages, We have maintained our position in
anything against the rest of the world, it is owing
more than to all other causes combined, to the
thorough education Of oar industrial classes.
CLEAR, hear Although, gentlemen, we have not
SO many bands at work as the hundredth part of
the world In our industrial class, yet do believe
that, SO far as that class is concerned we have
mere heads at work than all tho rest of the world
And, gentlemen, since manufactures have become
the work Of machinery the application cf mind to
matter and the eiu saion OF the industrial classes
who arc concerned in our workshops and factories
become an element indispensable to success (Hear
hear) Gentlemen, in this great race, whether it
be on the on the Ian L. will not say which
il ahead, the United States OF England | believe
that they keep up pretty close race. | believe,
tbst they are rot moving ia diverging
lines il parallel .;Sts but thai thoy are moving
ia cCnvefging lines that they are both moving to