The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-12-07

vno Eufopoeno, being mAnthono0 ~ Oue VI
cultivated products Of those colonies early a. the year
l6l6 1t growsn excessive abundance throughout the
Southern States s.d q ar north New Jersey and the
The varieties cultivated are the purple the red the
yellow and the vhte-the former Of which Is confined to
The amount Of rweet potatoes exported from South
Carolina in 4 4s was 700 bushels that Of the common
potatoe exported from the United States 1890 90 $50
bushels; In 1850 81 LOG 342 bushels.
According to the census returns Of 1s40 the quantity
of not all sorts raised 10 the Union los 29S
Oso bushels; Of 1850 1o4o659 $50 bushels Of which 49,
259l96 bushels were sweet
AMERICAN WINE.
The extent Of territory which the wine culture
may be advsntageously dused has long afforded sub
ject of much speculation 1t early attracted the atsen
tion of the first colonhts who not only attempted to
from our native grapes Although the subject has been
zeaously and sedalousy pursued ct various periods
since ali those dwelling the eastery half OF the
have been able to bring their designs to psrfecton and
those who have tested their ek in native varieties
have only with partial Yet adsgree Of per-
and enthusiasm to have all the
voales Of this delightful pursuit. and warm and muu-
al interchange of views and sentiments has existed among
species Of culture And although the operators In
cent times from bring interperted over 80 great an
tent Of territory are more widely separated
one common cause msy Justly and appropriately assimi
late their united exerons to that Joyous period in the
history of France, when during the reign OF drobus,
and enthusiastic effort for the restoration of their vine
yards Indeed when the far greater limits of domain
are considered, the combined efforts of fellow
trymen cannot fail to produce effects even more mpor
tant from the great extent Of their influence and
each section Of republic to recprocay respond to tho
efforts OF others with all their attendant advantages and
blessings
The earliest attempt to establish vineyard in the
Brieh North American colonies by the London Com
pany in Virginia prior to 1920 BY the year 1880 the
prospects sufficiently favorable to warrant the i'm
portation of several French rgnous who 1t alleged
ham hu had ItinAU oIu do
Virginia In 1647, aud in 1851 premiums were offered
for its production On the authority OF Beverley who
wrote prior to 1922 there vineyards In that colony
which produced hundred and fifty gallons of wine
year.
Beauchamp Plantsgenet, in his Description Of the
Province of New Albionn published in London in 164S
states that the English settlers in Uredae Delaware had
vines running mulberry and sasafrss trees and that
there were four kinds of grapes The rst he is
the Thorouse Muacat, sweet scented the second the
great oxe and thick grape after five moneths reapsd being
boiled and ssted and well fined IL is strong red Xeres
the third light claret; the fourth white grape
crseps the land makeh pure gold color wine TENTS
Pale the FreDchman of there four made eight sorts
the second draught will patio moneths
old; and here may be gathered and made two hundred
tun in the vintage moneth and re planted will mend
An attempt to establish vineyard near Philadelphia
was made by William Penn, In 1888; also by Andrew
Dore in 1885; but neither succeeded.
In176o the French settlers on Illinois river made up
wards Of leo hoghesds Of strong wine from the American
wild grape.
appearance Of the return in the seventh that
interest The Of 1910 gave 124 COO gallons the
prints that since that reriod the culture Of the grape
and the manufacture Of wine therefrom have grown into
Of Importance in the States bor
dering the Ohio river and that several hundred
have been planted in vineyards in that valley, which
yields at the rate Of 800 gallons of wine year The to-
tai product Of the Union in 1861 given at 22l 249
gallons But during the intervening period there had
been added to territory, California and New
Mexico which in the latter year produced 60 gallons
n Nc IN
100 53l gallons for the portion Of the Union covered by
the returns Of 1S40 ndcstng gain Of only SO 00O This
s probably under statement but prove that
considerable progress has yet been made towards
plying by home production the demand to meet which
Of foreign Wines to very large amount are
annually made.
The consumption of wine in the United States though
by means general amounts in the aggregate to large
sum The imports during the year ending June 1851,
gallons, Of which probably, three four this
consisted Of the wines Of Frances The value invoice
the article So 37O COO The average consump
about one quarter Of gallon for each person and in
value only ten cents the coincidence is somewhat re
sumption Of imported wine among the people Of Great
Britain. But in France, according to official returns,
there produced and retained for consumption 000
eco gallons Of wine allowing twenty five and three quar-
tiers gallons to each person In the population.
appears other tables in returns that
the quantity Of ale and spruous liquors produced In
the United States in 1850 exceeded SO 600 900 gallons
The amount exported balanced by the imports and
the quantity rejected in forming the above estimate for
the rake Of round numbers The consumption
OF malt and spirituous liquors for manufacturing pur
Of nearly four gallons per head It is the opinion Of
many, whose inquiries upon the subject entit'e their
opinion to respect that among what called civilized
nations the vice OF inebration prevails most extensively
where the vine is not cultivated; WHILE the other
hand where this species Of culture widely disseminated
the Gaze we may proudly hope that the day is not far
distant when America will fully establish and claim
rivalry with the most favored lands Of the vine aud the
olive and exultiDgy dsclaim being tributary to any
foreign CLINE.
POUNDS OF HOPS PRODUCED
gratifying increase has taken place in the culture Of
this useful article The gain has been nearly hun
dred per cent Almost the whole Of the increase, how
ever has been in the State Of New York which from
less than hal million of pounds IN ls40 produces
more than two and half millions which seeds five.
seventies of the whole crop of the United States
Ded that New York also stands foremost in the produo
ton of ale beer and porter in the manufacture OF which
beweres Of this State produced six hundred and forty
five thousand barrels of ale sc in 1850 being than
third of the quantity returned for the whoe Union
During the last half century great efforts have been
made in Europe and to extent of late in the Uni
ted States to increase ard improve the production and
manufacture Of fax and hemp. Formerly. they
considered as indispensable among planters and
farmers but their has been superseded in measure
by the cotton OF Jhe South.
Common flax q Datve Of Britain, where II has bee
cultivated from time mmemoral and from it hardihood
and adaptation to- vide of Temperature. it has
been grown in almost every country the Eastern
tipent ftom Egypt to the Polar Circle and in North
America from Texas to Newfoundland
Hemp, which Is supposed to be native OF Indis but
long since acclimatzed and extensively cultivated In
Spain Italy and several other countries in Europe par
icuarly in Poland and Russia well az in different
parts Of America also forms article Of primary i'm
portanoe in commerce and OF extensive utility
Both of these products introduced into the North
American colonies after their settlement by the
English. They are mentioned as growing In New Eng
land early 1852 ard bounties offered for their
cultivation in Virginia early as 1751 Captain Ma
thew sowed yearly both hemp and fax which he caused
to be spun and prior the year 1918 In 1922
edct passed requiring each poll in yiryuis to raise
annually and manufacture Fix pounds of linen thread
but from the change Of the laws and the cessation OF the
bounties, the culture declined
In the late Exhibition at London. OF the works OF In
dusty Of all nations both OF these materials held con-
spicuous rank Flax exhibited the growth Of Great
Britain. Ireland Holland, Belgium. France, Spain por-
tugal Italy Prussia Germany, Poland Russia, Turkey
Egypt. India Van Diemsns Land, Canals, and the
United States and hemp from all these countries except
Britain Ireland, Canada and Van Diemsns Land
TIE fibre Of iax aud hemp has never been produosd in
this country in sufficient abundance to form much OF
article If foreign commerce but fax seed formerly
shipped Europe in large quantities. rh.re
porte from New Jersey In 1851 IA 000 pounds Of hemp
gaya tn updS tha Init