The daily union., 1852-01-11

legislation particularly in country widely extended al
ours, there must be inequality in the operations OF the
laws; there arise al times features OF injustice to
some portions. But they do not show settled pur-
pose IN the North 10 oppress the South California and
Iowa, which gave the free States majority have
yet aided in depressing the South and twill be long
before they will commence it, When they do il will be
time enough to complain and TO secede II is sufficient
answer to The reckless assertion SO often made in the
discussion OF this subject and this occasion repeated
by The senator, that " two States wrested from
N Texas by the boundary bill, TO state that by the
Texas compromise OF 1sa5 slavery prohibited forever
IN all the territory north OF SO deg 80 min whe in the
territory south OF that line only the same option was
eft--to admit reject slavery-which is extended
by hie beuadafy bill from SO deg so min up 10 AZ deg
the oregon boundary.
Objection has been made to the admission OF California
on constitutional and other grounds cannot better
ply to II than 10 read from speech made by this
subject IN October last:
wl now consider briefly, the several measures called
the Compromise and, first, The which has heen most
objected to-he admission OF California a State into
the Union. Although voted against the bill as sep
afate measure, yet, as was willing TO vote for il as
part OF the Compromise, will give you OF The rea-
sons winch brought me to tins conclusion, was dis
posed then to vote for this part of the Compromise
because my vote and that of all the members of the
South against it would not prevent its passage. knew
It would be passed IN spite oil us-and so in truth il was
passed at last But if could have prevented the
passage OF it, that would Lave done good for sla
very was prohibited BY her constitution and her State
government organized before this measure brought
before US, and il would have remained So just the same
whether she was admitted or not The only difference
would have been, that she would not have been State
in the Unon and entitled to her and represent
atives in Congress Slavery excluded by her great
distance from us, by the doubt and agitation 10 the
right TO carry slaves there and by many other causes long
before This prohibition was made, the Stale admitted
But il is said the State admitted rreguary, and with
out passing through the usual state Of territorial probation
Ii may well be objected TO this argument that there no
uniform rule on the subject Some States were admitted
in form, and some in another The constitution pro-
vides no form; nor does Congress The power is pie
l.ttA
ticular, and il is that Congress may admit States
The plan oil territorial governments has been frequently
adopted but has been departed from in many previous
cases The first two new States admitted into the Union
admitted without this formally. The first (Vcr-
monD admitted in 1871, on the application OF her
commissioners constitution formed in l777, before
way California admitted; and the very next one
(kenucky) was admitted before she had any constitution
al ALL by act o Congress authorizing the President
declare her admitted when she should present herself
with republican constitutonjust il proposed 10
do with California at one time and thus she came in
There have been several other departures from the usual
course; even Texas was one OF them only short
time before. Mr.. Polk during his administration, des-
pairing OF settling the question Otherwise approved OF
plan TO admit California, prospectvey, in the case of
Kentucky. Such measure was proposed by Judge
Douglas and being referred 10 the Judiciary Committee,
made minority report, aecnmpaniad hu hiil
she no doubt woud) had adopted constitution prohib
ing slavery Congress would have had right
refuse to admit her than Kentucky Indeed, many
bers OF Congress from The South well the North,
under this dea started by Mr. Polk, dvised the Cafor
mans to adopt this think indeed, gener
ally approved at first by southern men, until II began 10
be apprehended that slavery would be abolished Yet
all must have known-as Mr. Calhoun declared in his
resolution OF ls47-ihat when the people OF Ter
ory formed constitution for themselves, they had the
unconditional right" 10 reject admit slavery, they
might decide"
do not deem il necessary TO discuss the constitutional
question for that given up in the debate in the Sen
ate on the protest in 1850.
The senator says the fugitive slave law has no, been
executed and he mentions two or three instances in
which lis execution has been prevented by the violence
of mobs But he ought TO have recoecled, as am
the country will recoec that before the passage OF this
the rule that The law for the ecapure Of fugves
was not executed, and the exceptions where IL
and that now the rule is the other way, and the few
ceptons are where il has failed II has been fully ant
as faithfully executed any law ever was or will be.
Ii has been executed every Stale in the West, and in
other free States bordering slave States In every in
stance except in Pennsylvania, the federal and State
officers, civil and military have done their duty In no
instance has the State authority nierposed TO prevent its
executon--not in Vermont where alone Stale
Legislature has attempted interfere since the passage OF
the act and that in moment OF deluson and against the
opinions of the ables and best in that quarter
OF the Union | will not further discuss this pont but
will conclude what have TO say the subject with
brief quotations from the speech OF the honorable senator
from Virginia Mr. MAsoNl who sits near me, who differ
ed very widely from me most OF the measures OF
the COMPROMISE, and 10 whose able remarks on this
subject, the other day, we all listened with SO much
pleasure
"Now not aware o one oi the southern states, ex'
cept the State OF South Carolina, which continues pro-
te against them am aware OF OF the southern
States except the State OF South Carolina, which has
declared the phac manner, TO the majority in
this government, II you will stop there and execute in
good ath the law for the reclamation Of fugitive slaves, we
will ncuniesce la what has been done.'
'As the fugitive slave law, do not entirely agree with
the honorable ffom South Carolina tMr BUTLER
as TO the practical effect OF the law. Gum
be the first instance, which occurred a Boston) ol
any instance where the ocers Of the federal government,
in the execution that law have failed do their duty"
Sir do not sympathize in the slightest degree with
fM RHETr who addressed us yesterday and the day be-
iore when he declared himself for dsunion."
But why should we further discuss the compromise
measures when the senator has himself admitted that he
does moi find in them sufficient TO justify the dis
union movement which he has set on foot, and IS
reckessly and violently urging upon The people OF
South Carolina a'for he says speaking OF the compro.
mise measures:
II this had been the drst Instance in the operation Of
the government in which II had departed from that
OF impartsy which shonld chsncterzs It's dealings with
all its members, should have sufficient reason perhaps
The system ITSELF but alteration which might be Transient
Ia its character"
This yields the point and gives up all grounds OF iusli
6caiion of resistance, so far the compromise meas.
ues are concerned Ii amounts TO more than this It IS
solemn annuncaiion made for the first and hope the
last time in the Senate OF the United States by one OF IT'S
members, that our system OF government Is failure,
and ought to be abandoned that we should give up at
once those institutions under which we have so much
prospered and are now so prosperous, and which
are not only dearest possession, but, aa was so
eIoqueny said the other day BY the distinguished guest
of the nation among offer the only hope 10 the
rest OF the world shall not examine The other grounds
OF complaint stated by the SENATOR inasmnch as ihlnk
they will have little weight with the public, since has
been so ell remarked in the course oil this debate that