davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1852-01-27
.Gs BIssExTILE,so soR LEAP y Eas.a-.
The fnllowinrg fror,i .thn Erf,sI I, z: ID

|tGs BIssE&TILEssOR LEAP EaB. ~.
The following, from the Erred
Examiner, will g be- Interesting, mo
doubt, to many of Dur read deis. . Be
.yonds the circle Of scientific enquiry
80 little attention. is paid to ehrotSo-
logical exactIiess, that many ifsseili.
gent persons viii be glad OF ever a
short account, and explanation given
of the term abisse sextile;a is.,ir,.,
|f In reforming ther; computatioaHpF
time, Julius Cmsar ordained that The
year should consist of 365 sdays,t lex.
cept every; fourth year, which should
consist ofa366 days, sthe additional
day to be reckoned by saics counting
the oath Of February, which. Was ,tihe
siatA calend Of March. 9Hencestho
name, from the latin words, s Dis,
twiee, and sert;lis, sixth. The cal.
ends, (whence our word calendar, Or
first days of the month, were reckseSsn-
cd backwards to the idis, thus 1.-THE
first day Of March &as the firsts cal.
end; the 28tli of February III was the
second calends Of March sFebrnaI.y
9th the third. and so on. a5sssEj
The ] JulianS year, which BY 1Ttliis
rule was :eckoned1 at 365 DAYS and 6 :
hours, was found not to Be accurate.
but to exceed the lengthof The solar
year by II minutes, which, I'M 4I31
years, amount. to an entire day.. siiI iIs
was therefore corrected by Pope
Gregory, in 1859, who, resreneiled
IL days from the Julian computation
being its excess or gain oyer the
solar time Out Of this correction
grew the distinction between the, old
and new style. Ihe Gfegorian OR
new style was introduced into Gernia=
ny in ITO, and, BY act Of, Pa5rlia-
ment, into, England in ITS Just
one hundred years ago Tho Cd day
of September Co. 50 Of that YEAR
being reckoncd as the 18th On. S.1
~ aes,-- sha G. ~ 81
though the name Bisse1tile is retain.
ed with IFS obsolete import, NE inter.
calate the 29sh cf February every
fourth year for leap year, and, for
still greater accuracy, make onIyone
leap year out Of every four centenary
years, that is---!the years 100 and
1900 were not leap years, nor will
A. d. 1900 be reckoned as one, ,but
the year 1000 will be Bissextiie.z-
Preserve this memorandum for fu-
ture reference. 81, i., 5. 60 ,Es,,
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1852-01-27

Honesty and intereat, ike virtue
and Heaven, can never be separate.
ly pursued. i4g asi9
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1852-01-27

He who betrays another's secrets,
because he has quarrelled with him,
was never worthy Of the sacred name
Of friend, breach Of Kindness on
one side will not justify o breach of
trust on the other. ae st's u zoo
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1852-01-27
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THsR AHs-.-T'syO Esolsass Eser IA mi aSapa
pa''i' si.eis M Aas Aelvalaas,.t ss.

~ n -+ IF - sllIl iftls NJ 1gks
-. w.. :. .,.ss -,.l s.,l,..,.,
.ssiEztf Sz t,ssss ts.s ss sy,s u
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1852-01-27

4rIa1tt - 4 AZ 4it iF% Z o'.snty,
. stto ts'jEG rara GaFj,fl stles .5iuf.y
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03
From the Rochester Nv. ~ american
The Presidency.


Most Wing journals are engaged in specuatons
respecting the Presidential candidats to be sup
ported next fall. II is an important subject, and
the approach of the time when the National Con
vention must be held quickens the interest which
il naturally excites.
That body will not probably meet before July;
in which case five months remain for discussion
and possiblyor unforeseen changes in the aspect Of
the field. This is a consideration much overlooked
by the newspapers, though it is one which no prnc-
teal politician can safely leave out of view. The
months Immediately preceding the nominations
constitute period Of great activity in the political
mind of the country.
We have one suggestion TO make in conclusion.
In discussing the merits and claims of candidates
greater folly, not TO say injustice, be perpe-
trated than to speak disparagingy or unkindy Of
causes irritation and leads TO divisions, working
much evil and possible good Let every Whig,
and especially every Wing press. urge the claims
of its fayorite as earnestly it peases but without
sssning those who may be equally the favori,es Of
others 1t is perfectly right to strive TO procure the
nomination OF the man we prefer. but il is neither
right nor prudent 10 a position of hostility
to any competitor. The harmony and union Of the
great Wing party Of the nation, being necessary
10 success, arc Of more importance than the nomi-
nation OF any particular asprant for the Prcsi-
dency.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03
The Missouri Democracy.

The Louisville Democrat makes no attempt
TO hide the discussions of its Missouri brethren,
but, on the contrary, places its readers in pos
session of the extraordinary scenes and state
ments which were put on record in our col
umns a few days ago. Unlike the Union, the
Democrat believes in the ultimate efficacy of
facts, however unpalatable at the moment, and
therefore makes no attempt to impose upon its
party ideas of unity having no foundation in
truth. The Democrat copies the resolutions
adopted by the BENTON section of the St. Louis
Democracy-which our city contemporary con-
venienty overlooked-and remarks:
at is manifest these fellows intend to go to Ben
ton when they die. They appointed delegates to
the State convention. Our readers are aware that
Benton has rspudiated all union with the anti Ben
ton Democrats. which, from recent indications,
constitute the mass OF the party in that State, al
though not in st. Louis
The Democrat closes its notice of the doings
of both sections with this consoing sentence:
at was thought some time ago that the Dcmoe-
racy Of Missouri would unite but Benton has issued
his bull against it, and the case is hopeless"
What says the Union to this confession of
brother in the faith
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03
Baltimore Correspondence.
Runored Removois bv he Governor Tbs Rotation
Docirins-7hs Dfarkefs, &c
BALTIMoRE. FebrnarY IA D. ~.

Rmmored Renopoi, by he Govrnor-7s, Rotation
Dootrins-7he Warkefs. &c.
BALTIMoRE, February "a I'm.
II is runored here to-day, and somewhat cou.
hrmed by despatch from Frederick, that il is tho
intention Of Governor Lowe TO remove from office
all the Office holders in the State who appoint
ed by bis predecessor. Governor Thomas, thc
first move towards establishing n general system
OF rotation in office. The Governor, bO-reyor finds
number Of these Office holders to be his personal
JAG ksons iron rule and claims the right TO rotate
them from ono office into another on tho ground
that the people themselves approve Of this modifcs
ton, and practice it when they rotate a member Of
the house into senatorial scat or the gubcrnato.
rial chair.
This announcement has caused quite an excite.
meut among the Democracy in this city, while the
Wings look calmly on and enjoy the sport.
In tire Baltimore market this morning there
sales Of 100 bills Howard street Hour at
& ~ Sales of 500 bbls. City mills on private
terms. Small sales Of white wheat at o6a % cents.
Sales Of white corn At 50 cents and yello~ at SO
cents. Oats 36n - cents. Whisky 2lE cents in
barrels.
Bscf Cane-The offerings Mt the scales to-day
he'd 900 head, $50 Of which were driven off, and
the balance sold ut prices ringing from 80 rs TO
y 4 per 100 lbs. the boof, equal TO 50 50aS7 so
net, md averaging SO 81 gross
Hogs.-wo quote sales at tho scales to-day at
~ 50s 81 supply short.
No sales Of stocks reported this day.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03
Irish and American Patriots.
ITO The Editor of the Republic:

TO The Editor of the Republic:
Sir have just laid down the paper containing
the remarks of General Cass in the United States
Senate the resolution in regard to the release OF
the Irish exiles, Smith O'Bren and others Amongst
them find these sentences "a great change has
taken place in the opinions Of the trorld on the subject of
political offences They nop.rs carry ,ciu them re.
proach or shame" This ia, fear too true but il
strikes me with surprise to hear it spoken by any
one as good reasons for resistance TO law much less
by General Case, whom We have esteemed rs law
abiding man. He says, further: 4" They pioiafs in.
deed, sr,'ng ia,os, but nsy generally orisinanin the
most prais'porthy mvtires, and ptususd at the
hazard Of eoery earthly good" Resistance to law,
therefore, popular, and If the motive good even
II the worst consequences results are CERTAIN,
the misguided enthusiast lie to be appaudcd
What IA there that man may not do " politically
this broad platform That he is willing TO sacr-
fec his life end fortune the welfare Of his family are
sufficient to sanctfy the act, even If the certain
consequences heavier and tighter fsttcrs for ls
fellow countrymen. General Cass could not give
stronger aid 20 abolitionism, it is promulgated
in this country, than to impress. upon the public
mind the truth Of his positions. 1t is surprising
therefore, that Mr.. Hale cordially endorsed thcse
sentiments, although he admits his strongest intc-
rest to be from the fact that his mother wac an
o'Brien, the only child Of an Irish esile Thi. is
certainly croditabe 10 his heart; and If General
Cas- had reason worthy for 90 warmly cspous-
ing the cause Of treason by avoving such senti-
ments, | should view them with more charity. Tb,
writer Of this has nothing bot Irish blood In his
veins, and he ia IA vcllas Mr.. Hale, the grandson
Of an Irish refugee or exile; my natura affection
and sympathes are equally strong, yet shall not
permit them to influence my Judgment as 20
oountonance resistance 10 legal government. We
can sympathize with the unsuccessful whilst we
condemn the attempt.
View this ostentatious sympathy for ,hose who
are struggling for freedom on the European cont.
nent ne we please, it 10 contemplate when VIC
look at the apparent motives Of the speakers, and
the many suffering and honest claimants upon
Wernment amongst our own citizens for substsn-
tial aid, afforded to the liberties of Clio
rous Republic, where the oppressed Of all laws find
refuge. The sufrsgss of the Irish are large, and
to be desired by the politician, and the generous
impulsos Of their hearts TO yield them those
who appear ~ be acting honestly in aid Of their
dearest wishes; but they easily sec through the
imsy veil Of selhshnoss that whilst striving to so
their votes the patriots Of their adopted land
because few in number) arc left TO die in obscure
ty and poverty. On, that those Of our legislators
who assume to be the Statesmen Of The land would
show little more regard for true hbufy and T. no
pab iotism. JUSTICE
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

He read from speeches delivered by MIR. Foote
in the Senate in January, 1850, and said that the
first suggestions he had received as to secession
were contained in these speeches. In the October
following, Governor Quitman assumed grounds the
same those occupied by Mr.. Foote earlier In the
year, and for this he had been denounced. ST.
He defended warmly Governor Quitman and
Hon. Jefferson Davis from the charge of being dis
unionists. The State Rights party never were in
favor Of secession account Of the Compromise
acts The only difference between the State ri ghts
party and the Union party in Mlss.sippi was on
The abstract issue Of the right of seccsson-the
one maintaining the right of a State peaceably to
secede. the other admitting the right to secedc, but
styling IL revolution, TO be sustained al the risk OF
and bloodshed.
He then proceeded 10 show by argument that the
right to secede did exist; il not given by the
Constitution, but existed because il not given
up by the States; not coded away under the grants
OF power 10 the General q government, but reserved.
as all other rights not expressly granted by the
Constitution are reserved, to the people and the
States.
The Democratic State Rights party in Mssis-
sippi never advocated secession because of the Com
promise acts They desired to meet the southern
States in council To oppose it. They desired to
counsel South Carolina against secession.
tie examined all the measures embodied in the
Compromise acts. and gave the causes why the
State Rights party in Mississippi opposed them
He described glowingly the beauty and value OF
the Union with the Constitution preserved, and
said that could say the Union WAS in dan
eer as long the Constitution was preserved.
Mr.. BADGER replied. He thought the Senator
had Inexperienced the force Of the resolution, 1t
committed no one to any approval of the several
acts embraced in it. 1t simply declared those acts
TO be settlement, final settlement of the several
subjects embraced in it. He was about continuing
his remarks, when, at the suggestion of several
Senators he yielded the floor
And, on motion, the Senate adjourned,
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03
Alabama Delegates to the Baltimore Com
XenliOn.

An accidental omission in an article in our
Impression of yesterday makes it necessary to
Democratic delegates TO the Baltimore Conven-
ton. We stated that, of three delegates, all
were Secessionists. These were the delegates
from the first district alone In the second
district there are three secession Democratic
delegates, and so in the third. Ia the fourth dis
trct, two of the Democratic delegates are Sc
cessionlsts, and one unknown In the sixth
district there is one secession delegate, and in
the seventh all the delegates are Secessionists
From this 1t is evident that the Democratic
party in Alabama is full of Secessonsts, as in
Massachusetts it is full Of AboIitonsts. Mr..
CLEMENS is not willing to embark with such
company on Presidential voyage.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

BALTIMORE IARBoR AND BAY.-Thc ice in the
harbor and bay Is gradually weakening under the
influence Of the continued thaw, and we hope soon
10 announce lie entire disappearance. The obstruc-
tons presented by IL in the bay still, however,
Of formidable charactcT, go much 40 that the
steamer Relief, despatched TO the assistance Of the
barque Marcia, ashore on Poplar Island was forced
10 put into Annapolis, from whence she would
again make an attempt 10 reach the Marcia. The
Flora Mcdonald still lies in her old postion but il
Is 10 be hoped that the steamers from Annapolis
will soon be able TO reach her and tow her 10 place
Of safety The dnft ice in the bay lie said TO be OF
an enormous thickness-
A report was sprcad in the city yesterday that
the ice IN the Susquehsnna had broken up, aud that
great damage had been done at Havrc do Grace.
This report was without foundation.
baltimore dperican Of vtstsrdag.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03
California Gold.

The Promctheus has brought to New York from
her last trip $500, 900, and the Cherokee 8 900,
ol2-together amounting TO 81 1858 ,0l2. or nearly
two millions Of dollars. The Alta California, at
San Francisco, publishes an abstract Of the bullion
cleared from the custom house from octobcr LIST to
December 3lst, 1851. the total of which. for the
three months ending on the 3lst Of December, was
sl3,963, 639 70, nearly fourteen millions for the
nnarter.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03
Congress.

In the Senate yesterday the bill for the pay
ment of the next instalment of the Mexican
indemnity, and the bill for the relief of the
American citizens lately imprisoned and par
doned by the Queen of Spain, were passed
Mr.. STOCKTON addressed the Senate on inter
venton; and Mr.. McRAE concluded his re-
marks on the Compromise resolution.
The House of Representatives adopted a
number of resolutions of inquiry and calls for
information.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

PRoTEssfoSAL BEGGhRs The Charleston Is. c.
Couro warns its readers against the organized
bands Of professional bcggars which swarm through
the country. They chiefly Italians, organized
in bpnds, furnished With fictitious papers, partly
printed and partly written, by means Of which, and
some false tale Of BORROW and perhaps the aid "
miserable baby hired Tor the purpose, they prowl
through the country imposing on all Who are sim
pie enough 10 receive them and collecting, in the
aggregate, very large sums Of money
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03
Supreme Court of the United States.
MONDAY, Februal

MONDAY, February 2, 1852.
No. %. Myra Clark Gaines, appellant, Us. Rich
ard Relf ct al.-The argument of this cause was
continued by Mr. Duncan for the appeIees.
Adjourned until to- morrow / O'Clock a. N.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03
WASHINGTON:
TUESDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 3, 1852

"a crisis is approaching that must, if it cannot
be arrested, soon decide whether order and good
government shall be preserved, or anarchy and
confusion ensue. can most religiously aver |
have no wish that is incompatible with the dig
nifty happiness, and true interest of the people OF
this country. My ardent desire is, and my aim
has been, as far depended upon the Executive
: Department. to comply strictly with all our en-
gagements, foreign and domestic; but to keep the
United States free from political connexions with
every other country, to see them Independent
OF all and under the influence of none. In word
want an american character, that the powers of
Europe may be convinced we act for oursflues,
and not for others. This in my judgment, is the
only way to be respected abroad and happy at
home; and not, by becoming the partsans of Great
Britain or France create dissensions, disturb the
public tranquility, and destroy, perhaps for ever
the cement which binds the Union"
GEORGE WAsHINGToN, 1895.
"Resoved That regard the serles Of acts
known the Adjustment measures as forming
in their mutual dependence and connexion sys-
: tenn of compromise the most conciliatory and the
best for the entire country that could be obtained
from conflicting sectional interests and opinions,
and carried into faithful execution, as final set
tiement in principle and substance of the danger
Gus and exciting subjects which they embrace"
Resolution Of IVhig Congressional Caucus, Deem.
Der |, 1851.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

ExrcUrios. Lawrence Reilly, for tho murder
Of his vile and mother in-law, at Wiismsburgh
last summer, was executed on Friday, the 3Oth
ultimo, in the Jail yard Of King, county prison
Long Island, New York
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03
i" U. s Sur FALMOUTH,

- NJ NEA, July 70, I00I.
THE morning, about O'Clock, in latitude as
10 y and longitude l27o ~ w, we had ono OF
the finest -hocks Of an earthquake that have ever
felt II came from tho southwark and eastward,
lasted about twenty seconds, and was accompanied
by loud, rumbing noise resembling thunder
The ship shook and tremblcd violently. The
feeling was somewhat similar to that felt in rail
road cars running over very rough track. No
CommgtiOn was seen IN the wstcr, and the barOrne-
ter indicated no change in the atmosphere"
tBqifimOrt Am,ricdn.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

RgrErvE.- Otto Gruuzig, who was to have been
hanged on Friday for the murder Of his wife.
rcpreved by the Governor for four weeks. The
Governor has granted tho rcpricve IL lie stated be-
couse woman whom Grunzig lived with ~ his
mis,rc at the time Of the murder has confessed
that It sbe who poisoned his wife.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

HARPER's Nrw MoSTBLY MAshzlsE, for Feb
ruary, is Issued, and copy has been furnished VS.
By J. sbilIingion, periodical agent, corner Of a.
street and Pennsylvania avenue.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

HAYrt-We have received Port au- Prince pa
pers 10 the tth instant They contain no news.
The anniversary Of the national independence,
January ], and the feto Of Jean Jaques Desssnes,
January 2, were celebrated with great pomp Both
days were marked with public rcjoicings md illu-
minations.--N v J0tv. Com, 3lsf.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

Coat ~ NoRTr ChaoLSA.-We learn that an
extensive deposit Of coal, both bituminous and an
tbracite, has been recently discovered on Deep
river, m Chatham county, North Carolina. II has
been surveyed by scientific gentleman, who hss
made report Of its extent and quality, which is
too long for Us to publish. The survey was made
by Professor Johnson, Of Washington city. The
synopsis Of bis report-which VIC have socn-accu.
.ltcly, but is believed 90 be thirty forty miles in
length, and the bed Of btuminous coal principally
examined was found 10 be about nine feet thick, lie
quality Ia said to be unComm0nly good. The coal
may be transported cheapiy by water TO Will
mington or Smithvillc, and may be an important
and valuable article Of export Richmond Wig.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

HANnsoME RrooMrESsr young gentleman
Of Brooklyn, New York, has presented 800 to a
boetman who recently rescued him from cake Of
ice in the East river.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

THE BALTiMoRg DAILY NEws, Wbig penny
paper, though only lii lc over three months in
circulation comes 10 us considerably enlarged and
improved in its typographical appearance. The
Ne,os exhibits a commsndable enterprise and in
dusry in serving the public with the latest intcli
gence The publishers arc Mcssrs Peske, Walk
~ & 60.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

a TEA swINDLg.-A box Of tea, recently pur-
chased at auction in New York, was opened At
Louisville few days ago, and found TO be filled
with rice hulls and particles Of burnt clay. The
box. from every appearance, IL j. stated, had not
heen opened since Il left China, and the fraud was
doubtless committed by the Celcsuals.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

NAVAL The United States storeship supply,
Lieutenant Commanding & ~ Kennedy 4. : n !,
6fy-ive days from Rio dc Janciro, arrived al this
port yesterday, aud was towed up 70 the navy
yard by tie United States steamer Fulton. The
following Is list Of the officers Of the Supply
Lieutenant Commanding-C r. Kennedy Act
Jog Master-W. r. Trurton Purscr-R r. Ali
son; Acting Surgeon-AF. NJ Grinnell; Passed
Midshipmen - William Reilly and 5 J. Bliss.
I Estr Tgvk (offr,er and Uo0yffrey
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

Tvs Nav OsLEASs PIchYUSx Of the 25th ulhmo
announces that, with that number, IL commences
its sixteenth year. The Pieayrns, should say
is pretty stout and vigorous STRIPPING for its age
and gives promise Of long and healthy life
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

THE MAiNg LIaUoR Law was defeated in the
House Of Representatives Of Rhode Island on the
3Oth ulhmo, by vote Of 81 yeas TO "a nays.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

CoNoREsuoHhL DrsTaicrs IN New JERsEr.-A
bin passed the Senate OF New Jersey on Wcdnes
day last districting the State according to the sixth
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-02-03

THREE HUNGARfsN REFUGEEs, il il said, arc
inspected Of having murdered tho boy Lehman at
Philadelphia