Daily American telegraph., 1852-03-08

1 little part, thougn ehe renamed united to the
Mexican confederacy until her conquest by Amer
lean arms, and her annexation to the United
States, which events took place in 1876 and l847
The year 1850 witnessed her one of the States of
our own great, free, aud happy Union.
California is bounded on the east by the Ter
ritories of Utah and New Mexico, and has bor-
der on the Pacific of about ten degrees of lati
tude-from 800, where it touches the peninsula
of California to 42o, where it bounds ON Oregon.
The Sierra Nevada il "part of the great
mountain range which, under different names,
and with different elevations but with much
uniformity of direction and general proximity to
the coast, extends from the peninsula of Cali
fornia to Russian America, and without a gap in
the distance through which tho water of the
Rocky mountains could reach tho Pacific ocean,
exceptat the two places where the Columbia and
Frazers river respectively find their passage. !
Stretching along the coast, and at tho general
distance of 100 miles from it, this great noun
tain-wall receives the warm winds, charged with
vapor, which sweep across the Pacific ocean, pre-
cipitates their accumulated moisture i'll fertiliz-
ing rains and SHOWS upon its western flank, and
leaves cold and dry winds to pass to the east.
On this account the western side is mild and fer
tile, while the eastern is cold and barren
From the snowy mountains, the main feature
presented is the valleys of the Sacramento and the
San Joaquin. These two valleys are really one.
Their length is FIVE hundred miles. The Sacra-
mento is three hundred and the San Joaquin two
hundred miles long. Shasu peak stands at tho
head of the former, and rises fourteen thousand
feet above the level of the sea, having base Of
about one thousand feet
The next object is the bay of San Francisco.
Hon. Mr.. Fremont says: "The bay of San Fran
cisco is separated from the sea by low mountain
ranges. Looking from the peaks of the Sierra
Nevada, the coast mountains present an appa-
rently continuous line, with only single gap,
resembling mountain pass. This is the en-
franco to the great bay, and is tho only water
communication from the coast to the interior
country. Approaching from the sea, the coast
presents bold outline. On the south, the bor-
dering mountains como down in narrow ridge
of broken hills terminating in precipitous
point, against which the sea breaks heavily. On
the northern side the mountain presents bold
promontory, rising, in few miles, to height of
two or three thousand feet. Between these is
the strait, about mile broad in the narrowest
part, and FIVE miles long from the sea to the bay.
Passing through this gate the bay opens to the
right and left, extending in each direction about
thirty-fve miles, having total length of more
than seventy, and a coast of about two hundred
and seventy-fve miles. 1t is divided by straits
and projecting points into three separate bays Of
which the northern two are called San Pablo and
Susoon bays. Within, the view presented is of
a mountainous country, the bay resembling
interior lake of deep water lying between parallel
ranges of mountains. Islands, which have the
bold character of the shores-some mere masses
of rocks, and others grass-covered rising to the
height of three and eight hundred feet-break
its surface, and add to its picturesque appear
ancc. Directly fronting the entrance, mountains,
few miles from the shore, rise about two thou
sand feet above the water crowned by forest of
the lofty cypress, which is visible from the seq,
and makes a conspicuous landmark for vessels
entering the bay Behind, the rugged peak Of
Mount Diavoo, nearly 1000 (3,770) feet high,
overlooks the surrounding country of the bay
and San Joaquin. The straits OF Carquines,
about one mile wido and eight or ten iathoms
Deep connect the San Pablo and Suisoon bays
The Suisoon is connected with an expansion of
tho river formed by the junction of the Sacramento
and San Joaquin, which enter tho Francisco bay
in the same latitude nearly as the mouth of the
Tagus at Lisbon A delta Of twenty five miles in
length, divided into islands by deep channels
connects the bay with the valley of the San Joa-
quin and Sacramento into the mouths Of which
the tide flows and which enter the bay together
as one river" From the bay Of San Francisco
to the thirty-gecond degree Of latitude, or to the
southern boundary of California, the climate is
mild the soil generally fertile, and the produc-
tons various and numerous
The gold region of California is between four
and FIVE hundred miles in length, and from forty
to fifty in breadth, extending along the Nevada
Gold was discovered in 1913. This discovery
has attracted the attention Of the world. As if
by magic, the country has become inhabited by
nearly 100000 people, speaking all languages
and learned i'll the customs and arts Of civilized
and educated society. American enterprise, over
coming difficulties that might have seemed in
surmountable now gathers annually from fifty
to hundred millions of dollars from this country
How important is California in missionary
aspect! Whatever country possesses the COM
merce of ASIA that country will be instrumental,
under God in her Christianization. With such
political and geographical advantage as we pos
sess, the commerce of Asia must belong to us
Let us look at few statistics:
RiGS
From New York 10 Panama the distance is about 1900
From Panama Francisco the distance s about 5000
Fro San Francisco to China the distance is about 300