The daily union., 1852-08-05
a, the Senate adjourned.
TUESDAY, AUGUST 8, 1852.
MESSAGE IN RELATION TO THE FIsHrRIE

MESSAGE IN RELATION TO THE FISHERIES.
message having been received from the President IN
relation TO the fisheries on the coasts OF the British pos
sessions, with accompanying documents, and Mr.. CAss
having moved to refer the TO the Comm tee For
eign Relations
Mr.. CASS said: Mr.. President, have looked with
this question OF the fisheries since it
first brought before and there seems TO me TO be
some important errors prevalent, desire 10 take this OPP
porunity. before the just cause OF country is pre-
Judged, TO correct them.
The which untes while il separates the
nations Of the earth is once their common highway,
and liquid field whose abundant supply OF food for
man is among the most wonderful and benehcent dsen-
satlons Of Nature. No nation appropriate II to itself
For the purpose OF mutual convenience and OF proper
tenal police, to have been understood that the
authority OF every country may control the shores OF the
ocean within one marine league, or three miles, OF lis
coasts But within this distance vessels may vgae the
though they ought not to violate the municipal laws
passed for revenue and for other proper purposes
When the United States asserted their independence
and entered into negotiations with England for recog
milton, the question OF the fisheries of the most
Important whose adjustment was required by the Tela
tons existing between the two countries. England
contended that were in the condition OF any other
foreign power, and that consequently we had no rights
but such as every nation possessed BY virtue Of ia
sovereignty. Our revolutionary patriots conended and
Justly and successfully, that the cooniss among the
6rs TO carry the sheriesihat they did their full share
and more, TOO, in defending and acquiring them from The
French and that, a portion OF the common empire
which possessed them they had right to enjoy their
just proportion, well when separated while united
And learn both from the traditional accounts and from
diplomatic and historical documents, that in the very
darkest period OF The struggle there was no wavering
upon this point but that conscnp fathers held TO II
with much enaciy their Roman predecessors held
on TO the rights and honor OF Rome when the enemy
at the gates of the capital. That sturdy patriot
John Adams, told the story in his old ageand event
iui one il s-valuable both as encouragement and
as example II is contained in letter 10 William
Thomas. dated
MoSrrHLLo, August 10, 1872.
DEAR The grounds and principles on which the
third Article OF The treaty Of 50 conended for
part and finally yielded tho part OF the Brush, were
these First, that the Americans and the adventurcrs
Amecs the fret di.ooverers and the first practsets
OF the hsheres secondly that New England and especially
Massachusetts, bad done in defence OF them than all
the OF the Bsb empire that the various projected
expeditions Canada In which they defeated by
British neggencothe conquest OF Louisburg IN A5the
subsequent conques, Of Nova Scotia IN which New Eng
land had expended blood and than all the
OF the British emprc-vere principally effected with
special view he security and protection Of the fish.
thirdly. that the inhabitants OF the United States hnd
clear right every branch of the fisheries and
fish land, the inhabitants OF Canada Nova Scotia
that the citizens Of Boston, New York. Phadclpha,
bad clear right those hsberies and hsh
land the inhabitants OF London, Liverpool. Bristol,
Gla sgow or Dubln iourhy. that the third article
dema nded as an ultmatum and II declared that no
treaty OF should be made without that article
Aud when the British ministers found that peace could
not be made without article they conscnsedor Bit
ain wanted peace, II possbie more Than we did tthy.
GEO, none. We demspdsd I, as night. and we demand
ed explicit acknowledgment Of that right indis
pensable condition OF peace.
lhe oil the tnai eit
important rgbn disputed and preoarous condition No
aang could be made al Chen, 10 relation to II and
the ehot closed by the peempiory declaration made
the loh OF November, 1874 BY the American to the
British commissioners that they not authorized
TO bring into discussion any of the rights liberties
which the United States have heretofore enjoyed 10 relation
thereto [he 6sberes From their nature, and from the
peculiar character OF treaty o 1883, by which they
recognised further stipulation has been deemed
necessary by the government OF the United States
title them to The full enjoyment, OF all OF them
After the peace, during some years dhculties and
troubles arose. threatening serious consequences, from
The almost hostile pretensons OF the parties that finally
led to the negotiations OF Messrs. Gzlialn and Rush,
which terminated 10 the existing convention of 1915
There were strange claims IN those days well as
now. An effort made 10 exclude u- from coming
within twenty leagues OF the colonial coasts though the
act finally disavowed BY the Btliish government
wherever the design may have originated
And Mr. Monroe SAID. in his instructions to the com.
m,ssoners at Client, that the administration chad INFORM
alton. from quarter deserving attention., that demand
would be made surrender right to the hsheres, to
abandon all trade beyond the Cape oil Good Hope and 70
cede Louisiana to Spain.
These rights said the Secretary, by order OF the
firm and patriotic Madison, "musl not be brought INTO
discussion II insisted on, your negotiation will cease.
And even after The convention. a clam was made TO
run a line from Cape CRANKY to Cape North, across
the whole northeast coast OF Cape Breton, less than
one hundred miles, including within the tabooed region
numerous n bays and barbors
The history Of that period OF pretenson teaches lessons
ha, no independent State, mindful of its seli respect
sooous oi the respect OF the world, should forget
disregard. Those were TIE days OF impressmen when
British officers took whom they pleased from American
SHIPS and when two great begerents, animated with
the spirit of the hghwayman, robbed OF property
wherever they could find it the ocean. each alleging
its justification that the other bad set the example.
Hereafter let us meet the frs, Intentional ,nsnl or injury
by intentional mean one directed or justified by for
eign Powerlet us meet il. II should he met, by the
armed hand, and by the whole force OF the nation Sub
m'ss'on and scquescence will conduct us only to con-
tnnpt and dtahonOt