New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1852-07-26
TURKEY.
Need Of New Laws for American Citizen. 4.
Turkey Movements amC ng the Greeks-
Sir STAFFORD Canning and British P.I,e,
The Holy sepulchrc.

The only paper published in Smyrn,
called Il Impartial, and which is subsdiz.dh,,
the British Embassy at this place, and p,o,.c,.,
by it, contains an article dated the DIST of Ma
last, which, from its nature, translate for vo,,
information. All foreigners resident IN the t..
ish Empire are not, in the dfersn. copn,,..-
of Europe and America, under the law. Of a.
Government, but remain amensbe 10 ,hoso :,
their own country, except in differences VII
may arse between them and the subjects or a.
Sultan, in which cases they are subjected % .,
before Turkish Courts. In these cases. the ma.
ments issued against them are not generally e.
cuted by the local authorities, but BY the, o..
Minister or Consul. On this subject the ay,.l.;
question states:
"Ths United States enjoy ell the rlshts and D,,v,..
accorded 10 European Governments; vet tbs .,sss.
OF these Governments spread all over 'To,k.v 80
least assemble " Consular authority yhirh o,,
a direct action over them, more less .,ra.,
and In all cases sufficient to execute the Aas
/ OF justice. subject Of England, France Aurds =.
sny other country, in prosecuting suit sAiLs AN n,
tUman subject Goes with the certiigde ,h,t 81
be cato the sane, the local authority will .xacu,s -
| Judgment and so Tecip'ocsy. With Americao cis.
zens however, this Is nottne When citizen Of ts
United States has claim against subject VI TIT. Emns
the American Consul supports him With al the 49,
/
which he possesses. aud We admit that he viii onl, h,
bis duty should you gain ,he suit his adversary m
be obliged t. execute the judgment soon az or.es
cable the least delay will ca forth d.n.nd At.r
another-one proes, after another from the Consal,.s
But in case the Ottoman subject in any Kind Of sun
gains against tae American, the Consul hss no Doser
10 enforce the sentence Issued agzn, the citizen a h,
own country-who il he wishes may laugh a; The tn
unsl, the Juc yes. aud the sentence. His 0xn lesJ
magistrate the Consul cannot compel him ADJ lie byh
"This intoeisbs state Of hinss exists In 40 o,bsr
country than In Turkey and IL IL highly necs,ary 10
take measures 10 recuig IT, q. IL IL time Tor Ina
Porte to require Of the United States che adoption Of
some measures which will remedy this evil These
measures equally effect the subjects OF all other nations
having affairs with American citizens in this Empire
ust IN the same manner that they are OF the deepes
interest ~ Ottoman subjects"
The "eviI," thus alluded to, formerly existed
also in China, where neither the Commissioner nor
the COnsus possessed any judicial or msgist.riai
authority over citizens Of the United States, eth
er to them to do justice to each other or to
act with equity toward the subjects OF other
Governments. | DO not know whether, in csss.@
differences occurring bewsen them and the Chi
nese, the Mandarines had the right to try them
and in case the citizens were non. suited, b
compel them to conform to the sentence-0t
whether the Consuls were called upon to eniorcs
nese DEGREES. Is is, however, believed that in al
cases in which American citizens were party,
the Consul retained exclusive juriscction--thus
depriying the Chinese authorities Of all authority
over Americans. In Turkey this is differently AZ.
ranged. In suits wherein an American is one par.
by, and an Ottoman subject another, Turkish tn.
bunas decide, and execute the decree whenever
tba latt tha A
their Consuls throughout the Empire claim the
tight of executing the decree whenever it is
against one Of their subjects; though, Of late
years, the British and French embassies relnquish
this right also in favor Of the Ottoman Govern.
ment IN NEST cases, though not in all. In suits
arising between American citizens and other for.
egners, the Legations or Consuls settle them 10
tween themselves, aud thus the Porte has no juns
dction in the premises. Yet neither the Americas
Legation nor any American Consulate in Turksy,
has any power to compel a citizen to abide by the
judgment of commission" OF an "arbitrs-
tion," appointed by united agreement to decd.
the suit; and am informed that some /" free anden
lightened citizens" have left their Legation and
Consulate in the lurch, knowing their entire i'm
such a state of things must have upon the
American character in Turkey, can easily be
conceived 1t gives rise to want of confidence
in the acts of all citizens of the United States.
In consequence Of numerous pamphlets having
been published in Greece, and s, mt into Turkey
for distribution among the Sultan's subjects, tend
ing by their contents to excite them to revolt and
and dissatisfaction with this Government, the
Porte has established censorship on all books
arriving here. Ii has also, more recently estab-
lshsd rules for governing printing presses, deny.
ing the right, heretofore enjoyed, Of any one to
print any thing for public distribution. IL must, 10
Justice be said, that there is nothing illibsn
will be used for any improper pu-
poses. There is existing in Greece, and
particularly in Athens, a fanatic party, brought
into vigor by the labors of the emissaries Of tbs
Emperor of Russia to keep alive religious feel.
ing among the Greeks in his favor, which openly
breaches crusade against the Sultan's Govern
ment and the capture o. st. Sophia. This party
is headed by one ChristOphOuon and one StOud
"a, both Of them enemies Of liberty and Of the
true interests of their compatriots. These sane
pious fanatics are the leaders in the affair OF Dr.
King, and compelled the Court to condemn AMI
imprson him for acts and language not inconas-
tent with the Constitution, nor in any manner
opposition to the rights guaranteed to every one
Greece in the enjoyment Of his own faith. It's
believed here that the King Of Greece, who the
by, is far from being a religious fanatic himself
will be found ready to offer all the amsade D'
power for the insults offered to DIR. King, boths
an American citizen, aud as the Vice-Consul@
Deputy of the absent Consul. The promised N''
of the Cumberland, learn from gooi apthonV'
is looked for at the Pireus with much anxiety
1t is no longer matter of doubt but that inc
Greeks have lost by their separation from IufSp
II may he added In exnlana tinn that lileecc "