The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-10-19
The Fair Mt the American Institute.


rear and No. As
The Court took a recess til half past two O'Clock
The Fair ut the American Institute.
The exhibition in Castle Garden is still increasing in
popularity and the visitors appear to bestow their at
tention the various articles in detail which fact is
creditabe to them it is plimentary to the exhi
bitors. We description of the objects
An AUroMAroN CONFERENCE.-The is u recent inyen-
ton 1t double purpose and s therefore entitled
to the praise. Not only does 1t hammer, but will
likewise move the gold leaf that the hammer shall
beat equally all The hammer is attached long
handle and thus rendered the heavier IL is elevated by
a wheel with projecting points, and falls by its
weight which process continues long the ,chine
is in action Directly under the hammer is the block
which the gold leaf placed which is connected with the
machine by rod. This rod is moved from side to
another by series of wheels which likewise it, In
this consists the merit Of the whole affair for hitherto
the beating machines used necesasd the attendance
q man to turn and move the leaf about
APArENT ESGINE SCREW LATHE for turning and boring
tapers by means of movable slide which governs the
direction Of the tool and is readily set by an index to
any desired angle thus keeping the centres always in d
rect line This lathe swings about three feet and is adj
maby adapted TO railroads shops and heavy work gen
orally In the manufacture of this really useful article
there forty employed and within the last
upwards sixty OF the machines been constructed
INDIA Runner Can SpRINcs These springs ore now in
general all the railways which is test of their
merits The models exhibited in the Fair display the
method Of their use ana from them 1t will be that
the carriages have them fitted in between the wheels and
directly against the buffers, longitudinaly, which, OF
course ADDS to their distance.
A VENTILATION FOR RAILROAD Cause.-The perfect venti-
aon Of railway carriages involves other requirements
than the changing the air and freedom from dust. The
ventilation must be accomplished in way that will not
subject passengers to strong dranghts OF air sac
the comfort Of portion OF the for that OF another
Nor is it enough that these mere requirements at
tanned; their mechanical structure and arrangements
m Il be IN "
understand their management they must be durable
the commonest details Of windows doorsfree from
extra expense in their working and independent in their
action Of thing but the motion of the carriage of
which they form paIt. full knowledge of the diff.
cultes here set forth and practical experience OF
have enabled the inventor to accomplish great many
points Air is injected into the car by the onward
tion OF the train and he dust and oinor which IL holds
in suspension arrested and detained in small
suspended in the cy Under Of the venator. Thus by
simple and inexpensive convaree and that cannot
by any possibility get out OF repair powerful and pure
current of ar is pressing into the while it is in
ton the descent of great volume of air vertically
the would ncommode passengers in it's vicinity
the aperture of the fitted with conica stopper
valve, which. adjusting with closes opens
to dispense the air through the in divergpg lines
and above the heads of the passengers For purposes Of
ventilation only other apertures Of escape for the
eripg than those which naturally
exist in the loose fittings q the windows and deors but
in warm and sultry weather, some provision must be
made to rapid ana continuous displacement OF
the atmosphere in the car The opening of the windows
now in general would accomplish this requisite but
ii oud also subject the traveller to the annoyance Of
dust and cinderfor the quantity Of air entering through
the injector cannot before shown be made to psutra
ze the pressure of the external air against the windows
therefore modification of the window elf becomes
imperative and bis modification is accomplished fol-
lows The windows composed of two leaves, one
hinged vertically 10 either side OF the window aiming
forming when closed obtuse triangle whose base
the interior line Of the cars side and whose
ten d. beyond the exterior ue OF the cars side The r-
angular space thus formed the stool Of the window
offers convenient resting place for the elbow
AGRicuLTUHAL AND Horticultural IMPLEMFNTs.-In
which exhibited
one firm. there about twenty employed and a
great many q the arsles turned out weekly There
several different machines exhibited but will only
notice The pripcpal:-
Rice and Coffee Huu,rs-These machines are made OF
three more Sizes No may be operated by hand
and will hull 100 lbs of lice or coffee in an hour, BY
of band wheel. IL also be driven by horse
power steam II not only hulls the coffee, but gives
IL alright and clear color and greatly improves its qua
lily and appearance, even when damaged. No. Is of
larger construction and may also be driven by hand
other power II will hun over t5g lbs an our. No
Eufciently larae To be driven by two.horse poyer
and viii hull $50 lbs per hour.
Side. Iha or Suire Plough These ploughs are also
manufactured Of various ri2ss Of the materials
the preceding and desigDsd for running horizontal
burrows along the sides Of steep hills They
structed that the mould boards readily be shifted by
the ploughman, from side to the other, while the
team is turning about: anu going back and forth by
the last.opened furows all the slices turned down
wards With much precision doue level ground
by this operation the soil is les liable to guey rash
than II Is when poughed in the ordinary way.
Sujsoi PkughsThese are made Of various sizes, and
an Improvement the best Soo.ch patterns They
6dvantsg sously employed in the cultivation Of all
plants whose descend deep into the soil particularly
where the ground IA stiff hard too moist They
used by following In the rape furrows directly afcer
plough 30 th. means they penetrate The earth
to a depth Of hfteen inches to two feet.
E1celsior, California Pioaghs These celebrated
poughs constructed OF all sizes and patterns adapted
every class Of soil and suited for the cultivation Of the
kinds Of crops They made OF wrought IRON
with steel points and shares and may be bad with
without clevises, draft rods, wheels They also
made with wooden handles and btams
~.
various models usually OF wood and iron combined. One
man. With the aid OF a boy, will shell from hand red
TO one hundred and fifty bushels Of corn in day.
Sausage Machines These machines consist of two parts
one TO cut the meat To the requisite degree of nenos
and the Other TO stuff the skins. The cutters made
Of different zee and will prepare from thousand to
fifteen hundred pounds Of meat IN day The suffers
will save the labor OF eight or ten persons.
Thermometer Chutns. These cburns are made OF wood
aud metal combined oni are constructed that the
milk or cream is readily brought 10 tho required tempe
nature deg F which greatly facilitates the operation
Of churniug
A M.cnlSr ToR Pu,cmNe SHrrr Mrr,L--Thisisama-
chino which appears To be admirably edaptcd 70 the pur
potes Tor w9leh y was deEned Tnese pesons who have
seen il viii understand That the sheets Of metal laid
upon the the tut The cog wheel for
ward tho table With the sheet Of copper on under
the punching rollers where the sheet 4 punched and
then drops down the floor BY reversing the motion
Of the handle another sheet CT copper Il punched while
the sliding table - being moved ia tho other drsction
the machine works both ways, aud therefore Il
goat deal o. time. IL viii be observed that it can be
essiy adjusted 10 punch any number OF or holes in
round, or any form by having the punches Of different
forms " can alec make any sized holes by raising tho
shaft Of the punching rollers This machne punches the
sheets and leaves them smooth when taken from
the boxes, the holes are all punched and OF caoa
size and oteen hundred sheets of copper punched by
one person Is consd, red days WORK in New Bedford
Mass, where IL Ia In operation
IMrRovrp FkNc,s The inventor Of this article states
that experiencing many difficulties in manufacturing
article Of fence which could be adapted TO all grades Of
surface as well different an effort was made
TO oh'iate this difficulty and also devise plan where
by iron could be used instead ~ wood only
mental fence but also for farmers railroads hghways
canals &c. ~ important consideration TINT all
claSes 81 these fences should be hexibe-thst H. plan
OF fence should be constructed that after IL
sctursd and tred for erection II might be placed
my grdula'ug vel ~ nvi s'irane rpl VI auy
desired course, crooked or straight reduce the
pspss Of Hacturng iron fence and thus bring u