The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-08-27

nor 70 hunt slave. That power is only to be found In
interpretations. The preamble Of the const
constitution by Msssrs Ellsworth Gerry and Madison
showing that they all considered slavery sectional and
wsre opposed to making II national He read various
autnoriues ON this point. He referred to the ccum-
stances attending the first Inauguration Of Washington
York and ser describing 1t at length said that
at that proud moment the national ensign no where
covered . single slave-then was slavery sectional
and freedom national The government thus formed was
anti slavery Washington was slave holder, but It
wouiu Do uDJust to his memory to say he was not an
abotonkt lie had expressed himself in favor of some
plan by which slavery might be abolished by law Wash
LYON ana 1onn Adams, Hamilton John Jay and Jeer.
son' tune companions and friends Of Washington
all a6otonists and he quoted at length from their
speecnes and writings to that effect The church at that
time also united In the cause of freedom and against
slavery The Quakers, Methodsts, Presbyterians and
Coneregatsnalists united IN the glorious cause Of
freedom The colleges of Harvard, Yale and Dartmouth
same franklin Rush Jefferson aud other writer's
OF that all took the side freedom PATRIOTS scholars
and Christians all engaged in the work such being the
.eng OF the tae, when the constitution adopted
II was never there understood that Con-
grees had the power to make slave or to give any man
ne OF property in man. The slaveholders Of the
present dhy numbering only 100000 had succeeded in
dcta'ing the policy Of the national government and
have written slavery in It's front and now an
anu unreisntng ostracism is applied, not only all who
express themselves against slavery but to every m IN
who Is unwillir. to be the menia Of slavery Gould
Wa Mngton Jefferson and Franklin, the demgods o,
our history, opce again mingle in affairs Of earth no
one OF them cond receive nomination from either par
" Out OF the convictions Of their hearts and the ut
OF thcr lips against slavery they would be con
demned He Inferred to a case decided in England bz
Lord Mansfield, in which negro slave was dec are
nee and SAID tclooked forward to tho day when Cour
ana congress will proudly declare that nowhor
unu.r we constitution can man hold property in man
lie denied that the provision in the constitution respect
pg iugitivos fom labor of the compromises of
tne oOHstitutioh upon which the Union estabh he'd
and read from the debates in the convention which form
ed the constitution show that this was adopted With
out debate andwhout opposition 1t not discussed
in any State Convention in the Federast The act
OF sa was passed mainly with regard to the restoration
OF fugitves from justice In 1850 this act was passed
lie was filled with painful feelings when he read the bill
The mastery subtety with which il was dra might cha
ienge admiration exerted benevolent hut
In an age Of sensibty and refinement amachine
lure however skful cannot be glrded without horror
In the name of the constitution, which It yioatesof his
country, which 1t dishonorsof humanity which it do
grades-of Christianity which 1t ofonds-he arraigned
this enactment and now held It up to theudgmont Of
the country There attribute Of God Which does
not unite against this act 1t made difference # color
conditien Every freeman liable to its outrsqes
wrongs, and pains There is safeguard Of hunls,
freedom which 1t does not set at naught 1t com.
mitted the sacred rights to the anaided judg-
ment Of petty msgisrae whose fees was doubled proy
ded he decided against freedom No statute limitations
against freedom was allowed hy IT, II was m usYpaton
by Congress not granted BY the Constitution, and In
fraction Of rights secured to the States II took away
trial by jury in aqueson Of personal liberty and suit
at law The Congress Of 1893 also passed act
to charter the Bank Of the United States which was now
considered by many unconstitutional that Congress
erred In passing that act why could 1t not have erred in
the fugitive act TheprecedeDt authority Heread
from the biography Of Story show that in the decision by
the Supreme Court In the casc Of Prgg and Pennsylvania
the right of fugitive to trial jury touched
but was an open question. He read also from veto
message by General jackson. that Congress and the
President were not to be ruled by the opinions of judges
Of that court in their legislative functions lie examined
the question of the Of Congress this subject
and read again from the proceedings OF the Convention
to show that the trainers Of the constitution intended
gs ngS NO such power had they 50 intended
tabish uniform for the surrender Of gitives from
labor throughout the Union But person in the Con-
Venon not one of the reckless parzans Of slavery
70 audacous TO make this proposition. Had iE been
made 1t would have been denied The manner In which
the provision was aoptedthe Indifference with which
its adoption followed showed that 1t regarded us
source OF national power II the peculiar duty
the States to protect the liberty Of their citizens This
act denied 10 the States this right power In this
fatal overthrow OF State rights was q lesson which
might return to plague the teacher, compelling the
rational government TO stretch its Briarean arm,
INTO The free States for the sake of slavery. 1t
,hown how It may stretch these sase ss@,. arms
as,G M s sss h the r sh Of ss 1y re II shan az
cares involving the personal liberty right property
In either Of these views the party entitled to trial
masy English authorities the subject He ran pa
rae between the circumstances attending the passage of
the stamp Act in lG5 aud the opposition to its enforce
inert in the colonies and the passage this act and the
hostility of the people to it. The stamp act was well
coined In the colonies By the tories of that day precisely
rious moiorities OF this day The judges of that day
charge grand jurics to notice ali resistance to it, and
Ike the marshal., custom house officers called in the
the people in peaceful phalanx and they triumphed
Earth fire, and water be subdued but truth could
never be In one year after, the Stamp Act
pealed 1t was consigned to the charne house Of history
with the unclean things Of the past. 1t rots Thher
the Slave act is destined to follow. The Slave not was
infringement only OF civil ibertyit touched not the
person. As freedom is than property--as man is
above the dollar he heaven ~ higher than the
earhso the rights assailed by American Congress
higher than those once assaied by the British Para-
ment and In the degree would history condemn
the Slave act moro than the Stamp act lie enlarged
upon the objection to the law that IL lacked that essen
al support in the public conscience OF the States where
1t is to be enforced which is the life Of all law and with
out which any law must become dead letter And he
held that this duty of consulting the feelings Of the peo-
pie was recognized by Washington, who in writing In
1896 to get slave OF his returned said he did not de-
sire sny measures to be resored which would resniu
n mob or cause uneasDess in the minds Of the peo.
pie, That fugitive returned but lived
Till within few years past II was to be regretted
Washingtonsvayed by the policy of the word-he an.
pealed to Washington wri ing his viii However ne may
have appeared before he appeared before his God as
the berator Of his slaves This law wherever was at
tempted to be enforced had produced popular distulb
and he referred TO the several mobs and outrages
following the enforcement OF the law Commercial inter
css had twice prevented efforts in the abolition Of
slavery II delayed the suppression Of the slave trade of
the United States II nterered in behalf this act
That interest lends its aid to the slave hunter that
which could not be touched without defeent Soft would
APPEAR that all who lent themselves this act
the spirit OF u entered their hearts the devil entered
the swine The hearts Of the people right on this
subject Poetry and literature TO aid the cause OF
freedom The feelings Of were enlisted and over
100000 copies OF Uncle Toms Cabin had been sold al
ready lie cited this as the testimony of the people
against the principle of that law lie cited the Of
vincent de Paul. who was fugitive slave. The
efforts OF these slaves TO escape to freedom
showed they were Possessed of high and noble aspire
tions and often displayed courage aud endurance cq
TO that OF romance. He considered the slave aos op
pofcd by divine law and he would prefer to be the hum
best restored fugitive than to aid Voluntarily in is en-.
He could not obey any law which, his con-
science told him unconstitutional, and OPPOSED by
divine law lie for the immediate repeal Of the law
Mr. CLEMENS, ldem,) of Ala said he would no. reply
TO the speech which had been imposed the Senate
he rawlings Of maniac might sometimes be dangerous
the barkings OF puppy never did any harm.
Mr. BADGER (whig) Of NJ G., said that the Senate Of
the United States never before heard such extaord
nary speech as the Just delivered Extraordinary ia
It's matter and extraordinary in the time and occasion
occupied for its delivery The Senator at this stage of
the session. when time pressing had consumed three
hours ana three quarters in elaborate grafton care
fully prepared committed to memory, and adorned with
ancient learning and modern lore nterspersed with La
tin quotations. The Senator here under pledge
to immediate action for the repeal Of tnis act
Mr.. SuMNER-Never.
BApGrR thouoht he copld ebov tho cac.tor ....a