The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-12-16

Average cash value per acre lncIuulnB
States. Districts, and Territories 1919
Value of Farming Implements and Machine
rv-One hundred and ffty-one millions of dol
/ lars would appear to be at this time invested
/ in implements and machinery, for aiding and
abridging the work of the hands in cultivatng
the earth and in preparing its produce for con-
sumption.
/ No greater delight was enjoyed by foreigners
in London, during the great industrial exhibit
/ ton than that by Americans on the trial of
the reapng machines, and the triumphant sue
cess OF the American Reaper. Of the whole
sum expended in articles of this character,
New York has inyested-S22 ,0S4 925 Penn
sylyania, Sl4722 SAL; Louisiana, 1,576, 1913,
! perhaps to a great extent in machinery for
crushing sugar cane J Ohio, $40 $50, 585 Ken
lucky, IS, 1863, O37 Virginia, S702l,772.
Domestic AnimdiS-AA interesting relation
I of the introduction of the animals domestcated
| in the United States, precedes the statistical
/ statements on the subject, for which we have
not ROOM but proceed at once to the material
facts
According to tho census returns Of 1910,
there were in the United States 4,335 669
horses and mules l4,97l $50 neat cattle,
l93ll,374 sheep and % 30l ,293 swine; of
1850, a. 1895 1853 horses, $50 229 asses and mules,
% 300, 24l horned cattle, Including 6 392, GAG
milch cows and l69924l working oxen,
1921 ,8l4 sheep, and 30, 603 swine.
The increase in the aggregate number of
horses, asses, and mules, from 1910 to 1850, was
559O53 In the Northeastern States there has
been IL considerable decrease in the number of
these animals. The use Of them has been su-
pcrseded to great extent by the extension of
railway cOnveyances. In the new States Of the
West and Northwest large increase is Obserya-
BILE
Of HorSeS-New York has one horse to seven
persons Pennsylvania, one to six and six-tenths !;
Ohio, one to four Kentucky, one to three free
inhabitants The number of horses in the Uni
ted States is more than three times as large AS
that in Great Britain.
MIlch C0WS-Under the general term OF nest
cattle were embraced, in the Sixth Census tho
three descriptions of animals designated in
that Of 1850. ~ milch cows working oxen, and
other cattle. The aggregate of the three
classes in 1910, was 1877 ,586; in 1850,
10 355, 2S7. The increase, therefore between
the two periods, was 8 1888 70l, or about twenty
per cent. They appear to be distributed quite
equally over the Union. The amount of butter
gives an average Of something over 40 pounds
to each mich cow. The average production
of cheese to each cow il 1921 pounds. AS with
horses, the same allowance must be made on
account Of the omission of cows except i'll cor
nection with agriculture. The only schedules
IN which the live stock of the country could
be enumerated, were those used for obtaining
the agricultural products Of farms. From this
fact ths schedules for population and manufac-
lures being alone gsed in cities, their live stock
was not included 10 chem.
Butter and Cheee.-The Census of 1870 fur
nishos us with no statistics from which we can
accurately determine the quantity of butter
and cheese then produced The value of both
is given under the heading of value of tho pro.
ducts Of the dairy, at the sum of S33, 1877 900.
1t is presumed that the marshals made their
returns in accordance with the prices govern
ing la uiair respective districts, which would
differ ~ widely - ~ render any assumed aver
age mere conjecture. New Work is far in
advance Of any other State in tho productive.
ness of its diaries. they yield one4ourth OF
all the butter, and nearly onehalf the cheese
produced in the Union. Pennsylvania, which
makes 400OO,OOO pounds of butter, is less
prolific in cheese than many smaller States.
ln thig latter article, Ohio is before all other
compett1fa a-Gept New York.
The following tsb4 Slows the amount Of
dairy products exported iroWtae limited States
for several years past: