The daily union., 1852-01-17

ever defend ihe share had in the past action OF the
Senate upon these gQmenous topics and TO VndlcaIe The
motives which proifred me in all then did.
might stop here, but for some OF you who wish TO
learn, have no doubt what my views be with respect
10 the present OF affairs in South Carolina and TO the
bearing which il may have upon the future action oil the
southern States.
Sauth Carolina
All whatever be her decisions, whatever her for
tunes, cannot but respect and love, and admire her
bic daring and her heToism II may be that she Is too
rsoo pfecpate But is she not the best aud sole adge
OF her grievances look upon her upon wronged
partner, who demands TO have his rights acknowledged
and secured in the partnership to withdraw from it,
could not advise you follow in her footsteps would
aher urge her TO pause and consider Yet whatever be
your judgment on the expedency OF her course, there
caanot be two opinions among sensible men 70 her
Substantive and absolute right OF seeding from the Union
| II che chooses.
She does H. no doubt at her own peril but, by SO
doing, che, after AL, but exers her undoubed privilege
as one oi the sovereign coniederaies.
The right TO secede is not right that has no lodge
ment anywhere exists II constitutes the very
sence Of sovereignty; il is sovereignty itself must be
somewhere II u somewhere. lis assertion ren asun-
der the eonneSion which bound The British American col
oniss TO their mother county. II is fully and most EN-:
phaieay implied in the reservation made in the second
VI Tie articles OF confederation IL was neither impaired
nor abridged surrendered by the constitution; II
fable from Il.
10 the constitutional compact each State acceded in
her independent and sovereign capacity each gave her
separate ard individual ratification and when any OF
them chooses to withdraw from it, she but does what,
all ederaliye eompacs. confederate has Idspulable
right TO do--resaue her independent, and separate action
as sovereign.
The Withdrawing OF one State does not OF necessity
break ths union a. 70 the other States As long there
remain mine States adherng 10 IL II stands, II Ives; and
zecedng State -, IN regard TO those that fenaa unted
but what Nolih Carolina and Rhode Island wee while
they Withheld their rathcaion-ihat is say she is in
dependent OF II Such is the doctrine was taught at
the school o the fathers and exponents OF this system o
government; aud am prepared TO show that TO deny the
0nhodoxy OF that doctrine is 10 belle history, and the
great monuments OF past tradition and OF living wis
dom.
Mr. Madison, as chairman of a committee OF the
Virginia legislature IA lsO0 reporting the resolution OF
~, says; II appears TO your committee TO be plain
pflneipe founded III common sense, illustrated by COM
practice. and essential TO the nature OF compac,s,
that where resort can be had TO tribunal superior 10
the authority OF the parties, the parties themselves must
be The nghiiu judge, in the last resort whether the bar
gaia made has been preserved violated The consttu
ton oi the United States formed by the sanction OF
the states, given by each in its sovereign capacity II
adds 10 the stability aud dignity well TO the author
ty OF that constitution, thai this legitimate and
solid foundation. The States then, being the parties TO
the constitutional compact and IN their sovereign capaci
~, Il follows ot necessity that there be no tribunal
above their authority decide in the last whether
/ the compact made by them be violated and conse.
gaeny, as the parties 10 H. they must themselves decide,
Ia the last resort such questions may be OF sufficient
magnitude TO require their inerposlon."
Ia che Declaration of Independence, Mr. Jefferson had
already proclaimed the great political axiom That whel
any form OF government becomes destructive OF the
ends for which il organized, il the rghtnay, the
duyoi The people 10 throw oil such government aad
IN The resolutions Of the Kentucky legislature in l7e,
dfaughed BY han, he further maintained !" that iAe
several States composing the United States OF America
are not united the principle OF unlimited submission
10 the general government = thai the gogernmtnt
created by this compact not made tue exclusive or
hna Judge OF The eXteHl Of the power delegated 10 ITSELF
since hat would have made is discretion and not the
constitution, the measure Of lis powers but that as IN all
iudge each party equal right Judge for itself,
well Of nirae'on as 9 ihs mode and measure q redress
Mr. Hamilton, IN one his papers IN the Fedefast. ad.
ms that the federal government should oppress the
States, he State governments should be ready 10 check
il BY virtue oi their inherent power " The State gov
ernmenis says he, w ~ all possible contingencies,
aord c1MrLErE SECURITY again Invasion or public b-
eiies BY he naiionsI ashory john Randolph processes
the same identical views n thai resolution which he m
toiuced before inc people OF Charlotte county, wherein
he declares that Virginia s and OF right ought 10 be-
free, sovereign, and independent States that she has
parted with the right 10 recall the authority dele
gated By her for good aud sufficient cause, nor with the
right Judge OF the suicency OF such cause, and TO
CrDE from the conederacy whenever she shall ind the
benefit exceeded BY It's eysunion eeing t means of m.
curing hagpRsp and not end 10 phh should Be- sacri-
feed" Daniel Webster Ia has speech at Capon Springs,
Virginia, suenders has iomer aaup1ihes aud scrupes,
and avows that to preserve the Union we must OBJ.
serve n good faith the constitution and all It's parts II
the constitution" says be- "be not observed, and " ITS
provisions be aside, the whole OF TO be bind.
ing Ii would be absurd TO suppose iha, either the North
or the South has the power the right TO violate any
part OF that constitution, and then claim from the other
the observance oil It's provisions II the South were 70
violate paT OF tne WOnlu worm
any longer bound BY tl and II the North were deber
aely violate part OF u, would the South ne bound
any longer TO observe It's obligations How absurd 4
would be suppose where different parties enter into
compact for certain purposes, that either can disregard
any one provision and expect the other TO observe a.
And he adds. DO not hesitate 10 say and repeat that
IL the northern States refuse wiliuy ADD deliberately 70
carry into effect any part OF the constitution the Souh
would no longer be bound BY the compact A hAEGAis
BROKEN On ONE s,Dr Is nRoKEs o. ALL SIDES"
General Jackson himself In bis counlef-Procamaiion,
which Mr. Blair OF the Globe vouchsaies srhibairg W.
mature aud rtd principles n t aaior, aad n enly " ne
au hOr but Of ne greai dfuoac party rheA hsn reeegnisd
them as The foundation ~ i eTtsd aoknOwledges that "a
extreme cases OF oppression, (eyefy mode Of eonstu'
tonal redress avinE been sought ~ yan) the right re-
sides with the people oil the several States TO Organize
resistance against such OPPRESSION eonhing n good
cause the favor Of Heaven, and The spirit o. feemen 70
yindicaie the right"
But we have independently Of the weight which such
names carry along with them the solemn aad uamsake'
able VOTE taken on the 10Th o June, i7s7, on Dir fssf
sons resolution BY which the govefnmtui was emphAl'
cay denied The auhoty 10 call forth the power a The
coniedeaed States eaorce and compel ohedenos % ne
acts OF Congress The observance oi ths treaties made
with fote,gn nations"
power rests 10 make and unmtke The government "
resides in the States alone foo they sas that made ihs
government, and they II u who alone unmake w.
hen You should ask. What the federal eoyetnussa
were 10 attempt coeFcing a oeding state soald an'
sweT Believe you that the SData could calmly ook uon
the seene and bear unmoved that bef own dearest gh.
and principles blended IA the contest, were nvniea sna
annihilaieds cannot doubt bot that she would Vindi
cate them. Bat ths night, IN the eyes ol some be -
bellion have an answer, and boffos iron hal pfe
found statesman BdIke, whose warnings wets - sx
iney dealt with by the BRUSH ministers oi that DAY ba