The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-10

taxes, to regulate the budget to examine tho gene
| raj accounts Of expenditures, and to cnsot laws
either on the reco mmendaton Of the COUNSEL o.
State, or on the motion Of any Of its own members
1t 60 operates in the election Of the executive aud
appoints the chief judge and magistrates of the
peachments against those and other high functions
riss, and finds bills Of indictment when there is
ground for a trial
"A Council of State, composed of the secretaries
OF the cabinet, Of eight members, eocted by tho
House o. Representatives., and Of rs many Others
as the Executive may deem advisable to appoint,
amongst individuals duly qualified, is the prepon
oerating power, and is entrusted with the prepara.
NorE.-We believe that the Indians hare booa
distranchiaed, and restored to tho privilege of
minors.
This cooperation is necessary for the discharge
OF the most Important ltes of govern mont.
Several ecclesiastical civil. and military digai-
tafies are me bers &c 0DStio Of the Council
The executive is vested in President, elected at
meeting OF the House of Rspresen tatives, the u-
dietary, tie Council of State, and the Archbishop
The President appoints to all the places of the ad-
min'stration, has the command of the army, the
treaty making. and the pardonipg power. The
sanction OF laws, issued by the House of Repro son.
laws to the Legislature, and, during its recess, he
can enact to nporary regulations He declares war,
concludes peace. and ratifes treaties. But the
exercise of all these powers requires the csnsent
TALLY of an administrative character.
Ibe tenure of office is alike four years for the
PRESIDENT and the members of Congress and ma
gistrates
After having thus presented brief outline Of
the new organization given to the republic, and
which it is confidently expected will secure to the
Guatemaliar the blessings of order combined With
liberty, let us mention that General Carrera has
been elected President.
We shall now proceed to state other particulars,
in order to give q correct idea of that country.
LIS commercial policy is based on tho amplest
principles of free trade, the tariff of duties on
imports being extremely low, and calculated only
to raise revenue.
Religious tolerance has become the law of the
land, by International treaties The emigration Of
foreigners is pro NOTED and favored by the laws
The government is paying the utmost attention
to the improvement of 70 ads and ports
carriage road has been completed from Guate.
mala to lstapa, the port of entry on the Pacific,
and other roads of the same description are in the
process OF construction, in the direction of Sant0
Tomas and of the State Of salvador The COM
Duncation between tho capital and the towns Of
Antigua and Amatitlan have been also ameliorated
for wheel vehicles. The Pacific seaceast is being
for the benefit of the western portion of the repub
lilo. at or in the vicinity of Champerico.
The mail service has been improved, and con-
slant though slow developement is to be observed
IN everything, evinciDg the natural resources OF
tho land and the successful e1ertons of its rulers
The national finances are in sound condition,
aid arrangements are in negotiation with the
bondholders for the discharge of the British debt
amounting to q little more than half o million
dollars
The principal exports of Guatemala arc cochi-
neal O2,0O0 to $4,000 bales) and native woollen
manufactures, for the consumption of the other
sister States. A large amount Of foreign mer-
chandise finds its way overland to tho Mexican
territories.
Several parties Of Californians have taken, on
their return, the route of Guatemala, landing at
lstapa, thence one hundred miles to the capital,
and thence two hundred miles to lzabal, from
Santo Tomas. The port of entry this side ia the
Belgian colonists is in existence, although the en-
terprise, we are sorry to say, has been dead loss
to the colonizing society, owing to injudicious
management.
The city Of Guatemala being the finest town in
Central America, and the ancient capital of the
whole country, all the fore On diploma credited
to the Central American governments usually fix
their residence there.
The republic is connected, by treaty of amity,
commerce and navigation, with the United States,
concluded in lSi9 the ratification of which the Hon
Mr. Ker, Charge to Nicaragua, has been commits.
stoned to exchange; but 1t appears that tina. honor
able gentleman, although he has found no govern.
ment in Nicaragua to whom he could present his
credentials, has not taken any step to efect that
change, nor opened any communications with the
government OF Guatemala.
We shall close these hurried notes by stating that
Guatemala enjoys now a perfect tranquility, and
that in belief, it is not unworthy the notice
of the enterprising public, advantageous field
fer agricultural, mining, and mercantile operations
SPECTATOR.