The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-05-14
Important from Italy.
1paris Cnrreannndence of the London Tim

1t is believed by who profess to be well inform
ed that the Italian question is likely to become once
of interest. Private letters from Rome and
from other points of Italy express similar opinion
The visit of NJ de Rayneva to Paris ostensby congo
could scarcely pass unnoticed and might have been
expected it has given rise to variety of conecues the
truth of which it is not easy to vouch for. Amongst
other rumors is to the effect that his visit is
connected with the expected establishment of impe
rial regime in France; and whisper goes about
strange as you may suppose that conservation BY
plee the similarity of the events of 1852 with those Of
is04 Others refer the visit of the Envoy to desire
the part of his Holiness to explain to the French govern
the actual position Of the Papal States and the real
intentions Of their ruler; and you will find few who
suspect that the expected presence the Archdues in
Rome has something do With that of NJ de Rayneva
in Paris. The visit Of NJ de Buenval (who by the way
to have taken his departure for Turin last mighty is
believed relate to the Italian question.
1t isnow wildly ever called to mind that before
the ID of December the marked political parties
Italy the unitarian or Mazzin republicans; the
federatve republicans the moderates who desired what
is termed the Piedmontese Egemone and those who pre-
ferred the league Of the Constitutional States and
lastly the absoutsts reactionsts At the approach
1852 great catastrophe expected in Italy else
where: feared, Others desired it, The coup deta
pleased the first, it discouraged the second. But,
events have gone in France since that period CORES.
pondDg change has, 1t seems taken place in the public
mind in Italy When the principle of popular sovereignty
proclaimed in France and the souvenirs of the En-
pTe awakened with the chances of European the
italian liberals began TO indulge in hopes and listen
msns believe in the approaching realization of
the reforms contained in the famous letter addressed
to Colonel Neythe Neapotans in the reestabishment
Of the Murat family the throne of the Two Sciies
the Lombards in the construction of the ancient
kingdom of Italy, its reunion with Piedmont in
pensaton for Savoy, which would fail to France These
ideas and hopes circulated in the Peninsula that
II for moment thought the Italian governments,
with the view of preventing popular explosions were
preparing to make concessions. proclaim amnesty,
and reestabish the institutions of 1913. Time has
shown how little founded were these expectations,
as the policy Of the governments soon became quite
has increased the rlgour Of his domestic policy re.
inforced his army fortified Gaeta, and adopted me-
cessary measures for the repression Of any attempt
revolution change Of dynasty. The Grand
Duke Of Tuscany, under the influence Of the Court of
Rome annuled one by the guarantees the country
had long epjoyed and he iss disposed to suppress the
Leopodine laws relative to morman to clerical jurs-
dicton and the ecclesiastical immunities The minis
with the exception of NJ Boccea having rendered
their resignation rather than accept those conditions of
Office. the Grand Duke hesitated in adopting decisive
measure all the that the Charge Aares of France
is reported to have declared that his would
with dissatisfaction any change in reactionary
sense. In the meantime am informed on good autho-
ry that the discomfort is on the increase, much
that the Austrian corps that to quit Tuscany will
perhaps, still remain there some time longer.
But is particularly at Rome that the spirit Of resist
to every sort of reform most severely felt with
to internal and external affairs Not only has the
Pope not established the institutions which existed In
1915 and which he himself had granted not only has he
not taken any of the letter of the President of
the Republic the 18th OF August S49 but he has not
carried into execution the incomplete measures in
dcated in the proclamation of in the month Of Sep
has been maintained in all its vgor ecclesiastical juris-
dicton the Inquisition the Tribunal of the yacariat
have been reestabished and the superior administra
tive functions have been again placed in the hands ofthe
clergy.
The Pontifca Court still contemplates the eestablish
pent Of the Catholic denomination After having OBJ
tanned concessions from Austria and from SPAIN with
reference omattes with religion and the press
wishes to give the law to Tuscany and Sardinia
Prom the former it demands the destruction Of the
works Of the great Leopod and from the latter
dons that dmissablc, such as the renuncation
of the law civil marriages. the recall Of Monsignor
Franzoni archbishop of Turin, and the censorship of
the press in religious matters The Court Of Rome is
well that Piedmont will refuse such conditions
nevertheless. il insists them relying ms II does,
the support Of the Catholic Powers but at the almost
certain risk OF dangerously agtatng the country and
placing the sardinian government in the greatest
ban rassment Well informed Italians believe that
those Powers and particularly England whose interest 1t
j. TO protect the liberty and independence Of the Italian
States should be convinced that desire exist to settle
the affairs Of Italy and the tranquility Of the
Peninsula the Roman question must first OF ALL be ar
ranged in sense favorable to the interest OF the popua
tion and in harmony with the advancing civilization of
the age They point TO the fact that all the States soon
initiated the example of Plus TX in granting liberal in
stutons to the people and they OF opinion that
the introduction OF them now ut Rome, would be as
quickly followed by their introduction into other
States. France stands In peculiar position to-
wards Rome both became she has army there and
because she has, through her government. promised
intervention in the affairs Of Central Italy in favor
If liberal institutions. The speech Of NJ. Odlon
Barrot when applying for the Of furnishing the
Roman expedition Il not forgotten neither the pro-
carnations which accompanied H. nor the declarations
Of the diplomatic ENJOYS OF the French government 1t
proposed. noe merely to maintain the constitution,
but to give 1t still greater Development and to render
II nyiolabe under the guarantee OF France and in the
sitting Of the Assembly Of The 18th Of June NJ Odou
BaIrot declared that that resolution Of the government
bad undergone change In consequence Of the resist
unce TO the french troops under the walls Of Rome All
there promises repeated on the It'll Of August were
p.wed In The letter to Colonel Ney dated the 18th Of the
same month and which summed up the reforms thus
General Amnefty-secularzation Of the administration
the Napoleon Code-.-a liberal government These
couDself have not been followed and these demands have
remained unexecuted. The Legislative Assembly perhaps
Kindred the government from protesting with any effect
against tn. policy Of the Of Rome But since the
"a Of Dccs mbcr The President who directs the foreign
policy Of France unconsranod uncontrolled has en-
countercd obstacle to the execution the letter Of
the 18th. II II certain that the conviction well or Ill
founded exists in Italy that that letter not quite for
gotten. and that the French government intends In
SIT upon the execution Of the liberal reforms demanded
In II. Wht,bJr these expectations detin a 10 lie
psBg-J tsrtisvl,ry Whom the relations 80 recently