The republic., 1852-01-12

POIIlIVdI IAppIau5c.I
lulninary that enlightens tho world in general,
seldom rises there above the horizon. The light
which they possess is at best crcpuscuar, kind Of
twilight, and they arc under the necessity OF crop
of the light of day [Hear, l,earl Gentlemen.
the country Of which your guest to- hight is
tive. is remarkable exception. She has shown
through her whole history, for many hundreds Of
years, an enlightened attachment to the principles
Of civil liberty. and Of law. and of order, and ODE
dience to the constitution which the will Of the
great ma jority have esta bshed That is the fact;
and il ought to be known wherever the question of
the pracicability of Hungarian liberty and indie
pcndence i'd discussed Ii ought to be known that
Hungary stands far above her neghbors in all that
respects free institutions, constitutional govern
neut, and hereditary love ot!iberiy [Appauso
Gentlemen | have taken the pains to prepare
some facts from intelligent writer and that
writer is lady. She must Of cJurse be great au-
thority. She says:
"The Hungarian nation has been distinguished
from its first appearance in history for uniting to a
passionate love Of liberty scrupulous reverence
Tor law The Magyars did not enter the plains Of
Dacia an urdiscipined rabblei From the first they
possessed fixed form Of government, and were
distinguished for their eubordination to their lead
and their laws. To these habits of discipline
in which the Magyars were trained to their love Of
order and regard for law, it is to be ascribed that
they did not pass away, like the common hordcs Of
barbarian adventurers, but established permanent
Kingdom III the country they invaded. To these
qualities, not less than to their courage is to be
ascribed their successful maintenance Of their
stiutiona rights against all the attacks of power
before which the liberties of many other nations
have fallen.
"The ancient institutions of the Magyars were
eminently democratic. Their chiefruler elect
ed by the votes OF the people. For the first century
after their establishment in the country he received
only the title of Vexer, leader. In the year 1000
they bestowed the title of king on Stephen. of the
family OF Arpad, the leader under whvse guidance
they had entered Pannonia. The power of the
king was, however, strictly limited The consent
of the people was necessary to give efficacy to every
royal act The excellent prince who fra, filled the
throne Of Hungary had disposition to infringe
the liberties of the people. On the contrary, he en-
deavored to guard them against the encroac hneuts
Of future sovereigns. He framed a code of laws
founded on the ancient institutions of the Magyars
which have ever since been regarded of the high
eat authority. These statutes drawn up for
the guidance OF his son Emeric, whom he educated
as his successor in the Kingdom. The enlightened
and humane spirit in which these DEGREES COM
posed gives very high idea of the civilization and
political Advancement OF Hungary at this period.
We find in them an express recognition of the
principle Of universal equality Omnes hominss
u'ltus ssnf c0ndItIOnis.' "
1t is in the following that he prescr rbes the
duty OF king towards his subects
''Let them be TO thee, my son, brothers and
fathers; reduce none Of them TO servitude neither
call them thy servants. Let them fight for thee,
not serve thee Govern them without violence and
without pride-peaoefully, humbly, humanely
Remembering that nothing eevates but humility,
that nothing abases but pride and an evil will.
"My son, pray thee, command thee, to show
thyself propltoue, not only TO thy kindred not
only to princes, to leaders to the rich, only to
thy country people, but likewise TO strangers, and
to all that come unto thee. Be patient with all,
not only with the powerful, but with those lacking
power. Bear ever in thy mind this precept of the
Lord, Il will have mercy, and not sacrifice"
He recognises the right Of the people to depose an
unworthy prince;
"Ifthou art mild and Just, then shalt thou be
, a of bnt
art proud and violent, they will deliver thy king
dom to another"
The princes Of this dynasty, (the house of Ar
pad,) with few exceptions, Just and patriotic
kings, who understood the origin and true objec ts
of government, and held their power for the bene-
nj OF the people, not for their own selhsh aggran-
dizement. There are traits recorded of many OF
them which prove them to have been the worthy
successors Of St Stephen. The republic is not
mine" said G. eza II. cit is who belong to the re-
public. God has raised me to the throne in order
that may maintain the lava" In 1922 Andrew
H. issued the celebrated code Of statutes known by
the name Of the " Golden Bull" by which the de-
crees of st. Stephen were confirmed and some new
laws added to them, designed TO secure yet further
the Liberties OF the people. The Golden Bull has
been termed charter OF aristocratic privileges 1t
wac 80 in the same that the great charter of
English liberties may be called 80. The Golden
Bull corresponds very closely to the Magma Charta
OF King John, both in its provisions and regards
the class of persons whose liberties it wac designed
to protect.
As to st. Stephen, will not cay how he ought to
stand as a Christian. but will cay that the po-
litical, and especially the Royal Kalendar, he
ought 10 be regarded n saint, and 10 have day
strongly marked in red letters.
Gentlemen, my sentiments in regard to this ef-
fort made by Hungary arc here substantially cx-
pressed, in memorial addressed TO Lord John
Russell and Lord Palmcrston, said TO have been
written by Lord Fitzwlliam, and signed by him
and several other Peers and members Il Parliament,
the object Of the memorial being TO ask the media
ton of England in favor of Hungary:
"Wbile go many of the nations Of Europe have
engaged in revolutionary movements, and havo
embarked in schemes Of doubtful policy, and still
more doubtful success, it is gratifying TO the
dcrsigned TO be able to assure your lordships that
the Hungarians demand nothing but the recogni-
ton Of ancient rights and the stability and integ
rity Of their ancient constitution. To your lord
ships il cannot be unknown that that constitution
bears striking family resemblance to that OF our
own country"
Gentlemen, have one other reference to make,
and then shall take leave OF you.
You know, gentlemen, that in Measure for
Measure" Shakespeare, speaking OF the Duke Of
Vienna, says: "If the duke, with other dukes, come
not to composition with the King Of Hungary, why
then all the dukes fall upon the king" "Heaven
grant us peace" says another character; "thou
concludest," says the first speaker, "ke the sane.
tmonious pirate that went 20 sea with the ten
commandments, but scrapcd one out of tho table.
thou shalt not stcall Ay, that he razod." "Why,
twas commandment TO command the captain
and all the from their functions; there is not
colder Of us all that, in tho thanksgiving before
meat doth relish the petition well that prays for
peace"
Now. I am afraid that, like the Dukes Of Austria
in former timos, the Emperor of Austra in our
times doth not relish the petition for peace. unless
it be founded the utter determination of the
tionaty Of Hungary.
Gentlemen, have said that National Govern.
ment, where there is Distinct nationality, is
essential to human happiness. have said that, in
my opinion, Hungary IL thus capable Of human
happinoss. have said that she possesses that dis.
tinct nationality, that power population, and that
wealth, which entities her TO have government of
her own; and have to add what am sure
will not sound well upon the Upper Danube; and
that is, that in my humble judgment, the imposi-
tion of foreign yoke upon people capable OF self
government, while II opprcsses and depresses that
people, adds nothing to the strength Of those who
impose that yoke. [Grcat applause.l In my opin-
ion Austria would be better and stronger govern
mcnt to morrow it she confined the limits of her
power to her hereditary and German dominions.
Especially if she cav in Hungary strong, indie
pendent, and friendly neghboring nation; because
| think that the cost of keeping Hungary quiet is
not repaid by any benefit derived from Hungarian
lcvies tributes. And then, again, good neigh
Dor hood, and tho good will and generous sympa-
thics Of mankind, and the generosity of char
acter that ought to pervsde the minds of govern
ments as well ma those of individuals, are vastly
4. x.EFu -. A Il.