New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1852-03-03

eoyres BOHdent desires sohno
,a,.,;or N Oregon. He wishes 70 Ano" VIC
49, $3.50 1. md what are the advantages and
s-..... If emigration thifher. IL IL
,1 -,,h,set for which we have but smap
nd can only offer a few statements very
~o.eisely and 10 order.
Y;,st. of the country itself Oregon embraces
:. area of about 900 square miles. 1t Is d.
,;ded BY two ranges of mountains parallel with
she Pacific shore, into three belts or sections
The first, OF Western Oregon, is from 100 70 ioo
miles in breadth, and contains $4,000 square
niles, of which only an eighth is fit for cuiti'a'
ton. It's climate is not especially favorable 70
agriculture the mean temperature is $40 Fan
re.heit. IL has rather rainy season than
winter, and in the year ls4s at Oregon City, 49,
orv north the ice was not more than three-quar-
tor. Of an inch thick during all the winter.
Th;. region is well timbered; the rivers are
rich in fish there is some coal and lead; good
Aax is grown, and near the base of the noun
tains grain lourshes finely and the grazing is ad-
nirable. In this section lies the valley OF the
Willamette, tributary stream OF the Columbia,
which is the most beautiful and fertile tract IN
Oregon. The second section, between the noun
tain ranges, is of equable temperature, ana the
A.vvest is ripe in June. It's soil is light sandy
Io.m-in the valleys rich alluvinm, and barren
ON the hills. The third section' oe'wee" '"e
..coud range and the Rocky mountains, Is
broken and bare country, almost unexpioreu'
The ssttlements are, Of course. in West w
e,on. and the agricultural activity cente's !"
the valley of the Willamette.
rbs Columbia is the chief river OF the region,
the main body of which is formed by the union OF
..ol.yee streams, at about 300 miles from the sea-
II. General course is South and East. 1t is navi-
,.hIe for I2O miles from the mouth for vessels OF
twelve feet draft. The entrance OF the Co.
pmbia il impracticable for two thirds OF the year.
put within the straits of Juan de Fuca, upon
pu0et's sound, are noble harbors for the largest
vessels This sound is in the northwestern cor.
per of the country and here will be the great rivals
nj the California ports and the dep6ts of Pacific
Commerce
The Willamette, 100 miles in length, is only
navisable for small vessels to within three miles
of its falls, and its valley is sixty miles broad.
Wheat and oats are the chief grain crops In Ore
ron. The wheat raised on the Willamette - OF
. superior quality, and yields from 20 to 30 bush
els the acre. Indian corn does not thrive. The
nights are too cold for it, Hardy fruits succeed
well, poisoning early in April, at Vancouver and
elsewhere Cattle cost nothing, except for lit
lie care, yet they sell high. The farmers make
little or no provision for them. Herds and focks
feed on the prairies or among the hills, all the
year. Cold weather rarely lasts more than
week At time The Salmon Fishery on the Co.
lumbia has two seasons and yields abundantly.
Oregon wants good harbors The coast is very
dangerous, by reason of sand bars. Ships OF
eight feet draft can enter the Umpqua, and
the river Tualatin is in process of clearing for
navigation. But the work goes slowly on
There are now six steamers upon the Oregon
rivers, and Plank roads are very generally dis
cussed.
Second.-Population ard Emigration. The
chief settlements in Oregon are the towns OF
Astoria, Oregon City, Fort Vancouver, Sa-
lem and La Fayette. Oregon City has pop
nlatiOn OF 700 inhabitants, and they hope ar
IDENTIFY to make it the seat of Government. The
chief agricultural districts are the valleys of the
duced the best oats last year, and fine rye
There are 10000 Indians in Western Oregon
The immigration OF lsi7was not less than 4, 900,
and the total white population is now estimated
at 10000 Before ls43 there were probably not
more than 400 residents in the Willamette Val
Icy. The law Of Congress giving land to settlers
and Emigrants, passed at the Session Of 1919.
IN nacap,kax civ
TO all persons over ls years of age, who arrived
and settled in Oregon previous to December,
$780, 800 acres of land if SINGLE and if married $40
acres The bill then provides that those single
men married in one year from the LIST OF Deem
Der, 1850, they would receive GAO acres The bill
next provides that all white males over twenty
one, emigratine to that country and settling there
between the LIST day Of December, 1850, and the
LIST day Of December 1853, shall receive 100 acres
Of land if single man. and if marred then 800
acres. All male minors who go 20 tina, country and
settle, and become twenty.o one before December,
1853, will receive leo acres of land absolutely,
and If they marry In one yeaI after arriving at
majority, they will receive 800. la all cases the
emigrant is allowed to pick his land where he
pleases If no, previously occupied Ia all cases
the wife is to receive one half of the above
grant in her own right In all cases four years
residence and cultivation-to be completed either
before or after the date of the LAWS required
before the final title is made by the Government
though the title is good to all intents and pur
poses against every body but the Government
nom the moment the claim is taken 1.-THE man
or his wife, or both, die after taking the claim.
and before the four years expire, the sane goes
10 the survivor or heirs
There are two ways OF emigration, that by
sea and by land The sea route is OF course
much the shortest-2s or 30 days is an average
passage to San Francisco by the way OF San
Inan. that hy Charres - nnrhnns t,u, ,r ,hr.,