The daily union., 1852-03-16

West and Southwest look at their past. present. and
prospective gowth In all the elements of so
sa oai' ahd national wealth and prosperity Il is
pied IN the history Of nations Every stroke OF the wood
mans axe beyond The Mississippi seems 10 enlarge their
dominion and augment their power To no one does this
H,ospeny anoia more sincere pleasure than TO myself
Kicet ana GLORIOUS spectacle 10 the human fam.
Y mus gong out no, lawlessly but under the benign in
nuencss OF our government TO cultivate and subdue The
eai,h, ana peaceably 10 possess its broad patrimony
would not deal grudgngy with such people For many
reasons which might stale, believe they will do as
much not more Than any other portion OF people 10
preserve and perpetuae this They must trade
In the East and hence the preservation OF the Union il
necessary for them. We ought 10 adopt liberal Docy
toward those who lead the way in bringing into subec
uon the Wild and unbroken lands OF the wilderness
Hence bring forward this measure to graduate and re-
duce the price OF the public lands lin lieu Of these rail-
road Pfoecs which will operate bene6cay to the hard
working pioneer and cut the schemes OF by
me roots y must be apparent 10 all that choose
one measure or The other prefer the graduating one
House Tns one ers wnen u my opinion can pass the
the security Tor our present form of government Re-
Sides me rights and interests of the laborng classes
snouiu ne looked 10 and cared for Ii there ia no place
aey can obtain land cheap, the supply Of labor in
me Old States will become greater than the demand and
tnen wages VIII be forced down as il is in Europe The
sys o. redundant population should be avoided. espe
cialy in republic. would like 10 see every aborinu
man have home which he can cali his own and whcR
hs has purchased, howeye. cheap Men. though poor,
@ uO NJ, M e se the charity of their neighbos.
p o Dou''s Of their government am willing that
me wes'er. people should 20 on prospeng and com.
Rlain,ag Prosperity in the West benefits the East
Aney can make larger purchases OF manufactured art
cles and, besides they must bring their products over
our railroads and canals The interests OF all are recp
Iocs That great philosopher and statesman Thomas
1cDersonj who looked further behind and further before
MN than any other Of his day, made remark which
States:
$50 we have gone on" Care his words) and so we shall
havn mr. and shaIl
continue sro~l mnhpy. and prosper. un,il we ex-
hibit an association powerful, wise, and happy beyond
what has yet been seen by man."
Those who ask the passage of these bills complain that
public lands have been long time in market and have not
been sold and that ought be part Of the policy of
the government to adopt TO promote sale and
settlement admit that large part OF the public do.
MAN mas 0een long time In market. but the reason for
=, apparent Inc records show that the supply is great
er tnan the demand We survey and bring annually
into market about twelve millions of acres and the an
nual demand is only about three millions II pass all
tnese raiiIoad bills, we will only be able sell about
three millions. II has always been part Of The wise
policy OF this government admit TO promote the sale
ano seement Of the public lands. General Jackson as
iar back as 1884, well said in his annual of that
year ''
tcannot be doubted the speedy settlement Of ,bs,s
iAnos constitutes the true interest Of the republic The
the bs: Of population are s cuvs,ops of ahs hs
cs and rus ne are everywhere the basis
true policy that the public shall cea.e rs soon c
uceoe 70 be source OF revenus" r
calculated to accomplish that purpose than these railroad
schemes Lands which have only been in market ten
yeaIs sen ior one dollar and quarter the present price
VI al uOse Wnlch nave been in market over en and
mol exceeding hteen, sell for one dollar those in mar
ket LOT heen and not exceeding twenty eighty cents
nose 40 market twenty, and not exceeding twenty.
Hve years. sell Tor sixty cents per acre those in mark
Tor twenty hve and exceeding thirty years sell for
1oy cents per and those in market more than thjrtv
ss ior twenty cents The bill propose ase makes pro-
s only on the ground that these railroad bills will
P'ouo'e SAFE ana settlement that their coDsutonality is
jusnea ana therefore submit that. waving the con-
s.u.onAi question, Inc measure which advoc as
suosu!uIe would be niuch more efficient in promoting
WA. ooeet, as well Just and equitable all
oi he country. ls consiituuonaty is admitted by
us urged as another in favor OF these bills
maj would DC unjust 10 permit the States to
struct railroads whereby the aue OF the public domain
would be augmented without making some ADEQUATE
compensation, is said that the United States is great
,sna proprietor and should aid in improving the coun
sHe 10 this Argument Does not every railroad and
canal made. from the Atlantic border to the western
waters improve the price of the public lands There
fore, the new States to be compensated, the old
States should also b. compensated and the general gov
eminent would have little else 10 do than 10 adjust bal
ances Pennsylvania would come in for large share
for she has incurred debts in The construction OF
railroads and canals leading TO the West than any other
State in the Union.
1t is further urged an argument in favor OF these
bills that the government, although grants alternate
sections five miles each side of the roads. makes
money by the operation because il doubles the price OF
those retained, and thus promotes sale and settlement
Now although this is true TO some extent, II is not bet
Than the propose besides, il is liable
the many objections which have stated But the
strucon OF these railroads do thus enhance the value OF
the public domain, why do those who desire con-
sruct them enter and take up oil The land through which
they pass at The minimum price before they begin the
work. and thus the increase in value will inure 10 their
advantage, and not 10 that OF the government
Those who wish lands therefore sequesier them for
their use.
But the practical operation Of these grants, exemp
fed in the OF the grant at the first session OF the
last Congress 10 Illinois, is this The grant is made TO
the State, and forthwith company is incorporated and
the grant transferred to the company and thus railroad
company becomes the OF vast bodies OF land mort
cages the same and thus constructs the road do not
think the general government ought thus lend itself TO
create facilities for the multiplication OF incorporated
companies. On Saturday last, observe by the papers
complimentary dinner was given at one OF The ho-
tells in this city, by committee OF this Illinois railroad
company to The illinois delegation in Congress- in honor
OF their success They came here, doubt, 10 return
thanks for the patronage OF the federal government
have thus, Mr.. President, briefly though fear i'm
perfectly, slated my views upon the important subject
now under consideration. | have studied language to
ascertain with how few words | could express my
thoughts, and make myself undersood-lhe Senate and
my constituents will Judge with what upon this
occasion.
On motion. the Senate adjourned