New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1852-03-18
GERMANY.
REVOLUTIONS AND COUNTER REVOLUTION.

eague which those ciasses vi oociety that nhu
profited by the first victory, Immediately formed
with the vanquished. In France, the petty trad
ing class and the republican fraction of the Bour.
peoisie had combined with the monarchist Bour.
peoisie against the proletarians IN Germany and
Italy. the victorious Bourgeoisie had eagerly
courted the support of the feudal nobility the
official Bureaucracy and the army, against the
mass of the people and the petty traders. Very
soon the united Conservative and Counter-revo-
lutionary parties again re gained the ascendant
In England, an untimely and ill.prepared popu-
lar demonstration (Apnl l0,) turned out In
complete and decisive defeat OF the movement
uarty. In France. two similar movements Doth
April and 18th May,) were equally defeated. In
Italy, King Bomba regained his authority by
single stroke on the 18th OF May. In Germany,
the different new Bourgeoisie governments and
their respective constituent assemblies consol-
idated themselves, and if the eventful 18th OF
May gave rise, in Vienna, to a popular victory,
this was an event of merely secondary import
ance, and may be considered the last successful
flash of popular energy. In Hungary the move
ments appeared to turn into the quiet channel OF
perfect legality, and the Polish movement, as
we have seen in our last, was stihed IN the oud
by Prussian bayonets. But as yet nothing was
decided as to the eventual turn which Things
would take, and every inch of ground lost by the
revolutionary parties in the different countries
only tended to close their ranks more and more
for the decisiv, action.
The decisive action drew near. 1t could be
fought in France only; for France, as long as
England took no part in the revolutionary strife,
or as Germany remained divided, was, by It's
national independence, civilization and centrall'
cation, the only country TO impart the impulse OF
mighty convulsion to the surrounding coln-
tries. Accordingly, when, on the 23d Of June,
ls4s, the bloody struggle began in Paris, when
every succeeding telegraph or mail more clearly
exposed the fact to the eyes of Europe, that this
struggle was carried on between the mass of the
working people on the one hand, and all the
other classes of the Partisan population, sup
ported by the army, on the other when the fight
ing went on for several dayswith an evaporation
unequaled in the history Of modern civil war
fare but without any apparent advantage for
either side-then it became evident to every one
that this was the great decisive battle which
would, if the instruction were victorious, deluge
the whole continent with renewed revolutions,
Or if it was suppressed, bring about an, at leas.
momentary, restoration of counterrevolutonary
rule.
The proletarans of Paris were defeated, dec
mated, crushed with such an effect that even
now they have not yet recovered from the blow.
And Immediately, all over Europe, the new and
old conservatives and cOunter-revoiutionist
raised their heads with an effrontery that showed
how well they understood the Importance of the
event. The press was everywhere attacked,
the rights of meeting and association were inter-
fered with, every little event in every small pro-
vincial town was taken profit of to disarm the
people, to declare a state of siege, to drill the
troops in the new maneeuvers and articles thai
Cavaignac had taught them. Besides, for the
first time since February, the invincibility of
popular instruction in a large town had been
proved to be delusion the honor Of the armies
had been restored the troops, hitherto always
defeated in street battles of importance, re-
gained confidence in their efficiency even in this
kind of struggle.
From this defeat of the oupriers of Paris may
be dated the first positive steps and definite plans
of the old feudal-bureauratic party in Germany
to get lid even of their momentary allies, the
middle classes, and to restore Germany to the
state she was in before the events of March
The army again was the decisive power in the
State, and the army belonged not to the middle
classes, but to themselves. Even in Prussia,
where before ls4S considerable leaning OF part
of the lower grades of officers toward constitu.
tional government had been observed, the disor
der introduced into the army by the revolution
had brought back those reasoning young men to
their allegiance as soon as the private soldier
took few liberties with regard to the officers,
the necessity Of discipline and passive obedi-
ence became at once stikingly evident to them
The vanquished mobiles and bureaucrats now
began to see their way before them; the
army, more united than ever, flushed with vic
tory in minor Instructions and in foreign war
fare, Jealous of the great success the French sell
diers had Just attained-this army had only to be
kept IN constant petty conflicts with the people,
and, the decisive moment once at hand, 1t could
with one great blow crush the revoutionis.s and
set aside the Prescriptions of the middle class
parliamentarians And the proper moment for
such decisive blow arrived soon enough.
We pass over the sometimes curious, but
mostly tedious, parliamentary proceedings and
local struggles that occupied, in Germany, the
different parties during the summer. Suffice it
to say tina. the supporters of the niddle-class
interest in spite Of numerous parliamentary
triumphs, not one of which led to any practical
result, very generally felt that their position be-
tween the extreme parties became daily more
untenable and that, therefore, they were obliged
now, to seek the alliance of the Reactionists.
and the next day, to court the favor of the more
popular fractions This constant yacillatian