New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1852-12-08

lenrneDt Of JuulcOub system OF EDUCATION hero,
which instruction u impaired without charge OF any
kind There q ,ht distr c. and seventeen pr-
mary schools in successful operation annual charge
Of about $4,000 to the city, and in which two
thousand scholars male and female are taught all the
clements of good English elucsuon with the higher
branches, when required This however by no IN cans
sufficient az many are constantly seeking admttance %
these scheos and cannot be received for want Of rOo
while the surrounding country is almost entirely dsst
tute. would, therefore earnestly recommend that
liberal provision in money lands be made for iuca
tional purposes in this District. that it may become
worthy Of It's iusrious founder. the Father Of his
Country"
In relation TO the other branch Of this subject. beg
leave 10 state that the roads and canals Constructed
with the assistance given by the Government and the
improvement Of the navigation lrlvcr effected through
the same instrumenality have brought into market I'm
mense bodies Of land winch otherwise would pro ably
have remain ed unsold for many yeers--n all likelihood
lung enough for the expenses 10 have consumed great
part Of the revenue derived from them, and ntereit
charged on their value have absorbed the whole
amount.
Where grants have been made by alternate sections.
Tescrvirg every other sec:on - the Goyernmen ana
doubling The minimum price OF tie lands tlu- fe-erFeI
tie Government has gained, before stated ami also
directly By the enhanced value OF TIC lands along such
improvements.
by the act Of both September 1850 far a. the state Of
M nois is concerned, where the selections have been
completed and the lands retained by the )yernment
brought Into market il strongly in point in support OF
Ills view Here the greatest anxiety manifested 10
cen ands along the road even az the enhanced mini
mum, and Thousands OF acres were disposed OF tlst
would probably have remained un-old for many years
30 ar then As giant. Of tns character concerned
The seYcret criticism cannot Justly charge themas viola
tCns OF the compacs with the several states from which
they acquired 10 wit that they should be consid
q ed common fund, for he and benefit Of all the
States nor the slightest infringement of the pledge
made Of them by the act Of 2Sh January le47 for the
Tedemptien Of the public debt
The average cost OF railroads in the United States has
hoo, he ~ %
six seCOns, 3S40 acres, per mile, would not quiz
legze $40 900 az the double minimum The balance o
over $4,000 per mile would have TO be rnshedby IA
State ind idual enterprise 70 which the cOnstruc
ton Of the road might be entrusted and wOu be
usi % the intelligence and foresight Of citizens 20
suppose that works Of this kind would be undertaken
without lair prospect Of completion and tae realization
O. Reasonable prOhtfrom the investment
Tire pased at the last session OF Crongress, grant
ing the rights OF way and the privilege Of taxing the ne
CeFsiy materials for the construction OF oil such roads
from the public lands il fair introduction 10 this policy.
The fgciGtes furnished by such roads, far human
agency accomplish it, will annihate time and pace,
and like adanantnc bonds bind together this mighty
| end wide spread republic
! with thee views. | respectfully recommend that
grants Of this character be made to the several States
Tor every work Of the kind they may undertake and
especially the State west Of the Mississippi Tor the
construction Of railroads from the river along the Ter
tile vales watered by the streams that descend from
the Rocky mountains the foot OF those mountains
md that like grants be made 20 the state OF California
and Territories OF Oregon, Utah, and oil Mexico, Tor
routes leading from the Pacific 10 the west SIDE OF those
mountains leaving the transit OF the mountains 70 ndi
vidual enterprise the enlarged bcraly OF Congress
in view OF the immense facilities and advantages that
would nure 10 the commercial interests oil the country
I nom -uch communications.
The protection that would thus be extended TO citi
siding the frontiers the inducements % sec
to,e lands and the facilities that would De Inrmshe
the Government for Transporting anulties ana goods
for the Indians and and military stores Tor the iron
tier posts would fully justify such grants aside from the
pecuuiary profit growing out OF them
( Or. il the States of Iowa AMI Missouri should com
hine 10 conatruc such road from some point on the
Nj auIi River wet Of the western boundary oil those
Setcs and the States of Arkansas and Louisiana should
in like manner undertake the cOn-tu ton OF )uih
road tor the mutual benefit Of those States that b
oral Grants be made for those purposes.
The vast importance OF these measures viii secure
their completion II they are once commenccii ana
many now living will see the waters OF the Atlantic and
Pacific brought within few davs travel OF each other
and country become the mart and medium Of tle
trade OF the world
lis estimated after drainng all the swamps and over
fowed lands granted the State o. Louisiana by tn
acts 81 "a March, Si9 and oath Sept, 1850 tnat about
100000 acres VIII remain to the United Sttcs nnch
/ ol which is vi way inferior quality Tao ia zee am
Ureplety OF granting thee lands 70 the state IN lthfi
aid OF constructing the essary cyees ans drains "
pTctcc. the country annual uundaton' have here
ooic engaged the attention OF Congrese, and formed
the suhoc, Of a report from the Department OF the lnto
ror Of 2ith August 1850 copy OF which Is hereto aP
pended. This subject il again respectfully presented
and il fully treated OF in that report that further com
lnont on il Is deemed unnecessary.
The extraordinary growth and expansion OF our pub
lie lard system now extending from the Atlantic 10 IN,
Pactc and from the Lakes, and 40 degrees nonh Ian
tude almost 20 the 1ropic OF Cancer has gwen u az
importance commensurate with its hi-h respOlslDdiua
ard duties Those dutios heretofore NdScrte1 to "
reports from this ohce, may be briefly classed unier ih'
following heads:
The examination and testing of the regularity and c
ealv Of the SALE o the public lands as reported 10 t
S,nclal Land OF &c from the local land officers IN th'
several Land Districts OF the Unitei states, AMI ti'
settlement Of individual Conflicts AMI other adverse
rights.
The examination and adjustment Of the accounts o
the Land Receivers Of public monies ani the surveyors
General The examination OF Presumption CLAIMS, sen
up from the District Land Officers for review and IN
.iuctions and the settlement OF disputed cases. nnnes
ous and often complicated
The examination of land warrants growing on OF tl'
war Of the Revolution last war with Great Britain un.
othc MeNicsn war; under the act OF 1884, and the gen
era law OF September, 1880
The duties incident the public surveys, in TIE draft
ing branch of this establishment requiring hnoWl ,ige
surveying IN all It's branohes, ana fsl In p.ociinS ans
Tic examination generally OF assignments of nchoai
title under local statutes resting On ordinary convey
anccs devise sales under orders oiprobste court
deci in chancery par tnersp titles, and t1es oil cor
The cncroe.ing recording and examination ofpa'sn.
fer lshts under the credit cash and military systems.
In executing the laws Of Congress, making grants
Lands or county seats. schools roads canals, and otae
purposes.
The examination OF claims and titles derived from
Crest Britain France and spain in connection with th
contirmatory siatuef and decisions OF the Supreme
Court 81 the United States in which the original eva
,ence. title necessarily drawn IN review IN rea
ZION 10 errors of law, of iact or OF conflicts, a II
order 10 a right determination OF locality and extent
confirmation and finally 10 carry them into patent iron
The United Slater requiring thorough knowledge o
all the laws OF the former and present, Governments OF
the subject and inyov!na q vast amount Of labor
cOmrlcxiy
la Tie investigation of evidences o. claims 70 reserve
tons under Indian treaties in order 10 carry sucn night
into patents according the terms Of grant, or TRANSFER
these often giving rise to embarrassment IN the settle
meni of conflicts.
The preparation Of instructions 20 the Surveyor;Ge
ers and experimenting the extension OF the surveyn.
,ysfen aud the revising Of returns TO secure efficiency
uniformity and correctness in the local du.ies and tbs
correction OF errors in field experimentation wors
Of great daicacy and difficulty. The preparation
lnc,lcnt 10 the lnMense lctals % u.