The southern press., 1852-05-01

4 fesldenco. Inc Woh horse took me in sever
hours to Atlanta, q plaee IA her AV kvsrdly iait
| of. owing to the interference Of the fsilrost
tracks which intsrscct its limits. The stesn
whistle IS heard here every hour of the day, an
nouncing the arrival aud departure Of burder
and passenger cars. There are hero. about fif
teen hundred Industrious enterprising Citizens
IT, business grows solely out Of the trase
passing through it. Being in q high latitude
| cool nights are experienced ut this place, &C
that you may sleep comfortably under blanket
| in summer A railroad trip Of ten hours sel
us down in Augusta. Being SO fortunate here
as 70 take lodgings At the United States hotel
Inexperienced great refreshment from the kind
attention Of its proprietors and the excellent
viands served To its inmates a population OF
about ten thousand is found at this place.
Its principal street is of handsome width
stretching more than two miles along the Sa,
vanah river The town is lighted with gas
Cotton creates The chief trade here, although an
extensive business is done 10 the. wholesale
supply Of country merchants. II has extensive
warehouses for the reception Of cotton which
its merchants forward to Charleston by railroad
and to Savannah by steamboat Owing to it's
railroad facilities and 10 the water power which
has recently been created by a canal TO the
river, also to its being the centre Of d rich
planting region, Augusta gives promise of be
coming large wealthy city. A ride of eight
hours and lao miles through sterile district, al
though exhibiting many luxuriant cotton and
corn fields, (some Of which contained one thou,
sand acres,) brought to my view the beautiful
city lof Columbia, 5. Carolina. field Of cot
ton in full bloom, with its parti-colored flowers,
is pretty sight, especially when seen for the
first time. This magnificent inland town has an
elevated location, and is laid out on a tasteful
plan. II offers, however, but little to stimulate
the enterprise ofits citizens as almost its entire
business grows out ofthe supplies called for by
the neghboring planters. A railroad radiates
hence to Charleston, with a branch TO Camden;
also similar roads to the northern and western
portions ofthe State. The last mentioned is.
however, unfinished. Its completion to its
western terminus will, it is presumed, greatly
enlarge the business of the place, as it will in.
tersect another from Tennessee Columbia
offers to the view many sumptuous private man.
sions, surrounded with gardens, which are dec
GRATED with the flowers and foliage natural to
the sunny South It's the seat Of large col
lege, which is well supported, owing to its be-
ing conducted by the most able professors in
every department of science and literature. The
very distinguished and eloquent Hon. w. c..
Preston was till recently the president.
now took the rails for Charleston, one hun.
dred and thirty miles distant, on my homeward
route. A rather boisterous steamboat passage
of sixteen hours conveyed us thence to Will
mington, North Carolina, a commercial town,
containing about 10000 inhabitants, and lying
on the Cape Fear river, about forty miles by
water from the ocean, although only nine by
land. This is a thriving enierprising place. Its
chief trade is in lumber naval stores, and tur
pentine, which productions it exports to the diff.
ferent American and foreign ports. Rice is the
principal article cultivated by the planters in
the vicinity The railroad from Weldon term
mates at this place, the rleasautest track on the
whole line from the Potomac river, owing to its
having but little grade, and large proportion
of straight line. am informed that th costly
road was constructed mainly by the enterprise
of the citizens of Wilmington. They are also
pushing to completion another road to inter.
sect the Manchester and Charleston road, which,
when completed, will shorten the passage and
overcome the necessity of the Objectionable
ocean route now travelled The cars conveyed
us hence at rate of twenty miles an hour,
through a barren country, and swampy lands
The trees that we passed were hung with sort
of moss, which looked nj distance like punches
After jaunt of fifty miles, we came to the
little village of Warsaw, where we were trans
ferred to stages The people living in this part
of North Carolina depend principally on the
production Of turpentine The mode of pro
ducing it will aIlude TO. Easly In the spring, in
cisions are made in tie bodies of the pine trees,
in the form of pocket, to receive the turpen.
tine as il runs therefrom On some occasions,
the bark and portion of the sap are removed
by three cornered chisel to produce a flow off
the turpentine. There are two species Of pine,
the broad and narrow leayed, the latter of which |
produces no turpentine. A good running tree
will produce about three gallons Of turpentine
in season. They will also run for many years
before becoming exhausted
After travelling through a low sultry part OF
the country arrived at Fayetteville, about one
hundred miles above Wilmington, at the head
Of navigation on the Cape Fear river This
town contains 3 600 souls, and is well laid out,
but is rather stationary In the way of improve
ment. The citizens have Of late, however. made
efforts by the construction oil
plank roads and slack watering the Cape Fear
river, 10 bring trade TO This place It, business
consists mainly in The reception and transporia.
ton Of cotton. There are several -four mills
and cotton factories in the vicinity, also an OK.
tensiye United States arsenal
l now bent my course TO Raleigh, about
sixty miles distant by stage ryuie, crossing
Cape Fear river at It's highest taQe Of water IN |
a rickety canoe. Our stages were well adapted |
TO relieve persons afflicted with dyspepsia The
State Capitol al this place is one n thp first'in
the Union, and adds mur to the beauty of tho /
town, the population Of which is about 1000. |
Raleigh is 10 healthy section Of country. and
is selected as a summer residence by planters
from the lower portion Of The State The |
dwelling houses arc built on costly plan, com.
bining comfort and convenience, lar0r por.
ton OF its citizens are wealthy and refined |
There is at this place a large and prosperous
female seminary, under the supervision iofl
the Episcopal diocese Of The State The
town is laid out with wide streets, radiaiing Tor
the most part from the Capitol. square, which
gives il Handsome appearance. railroad
runs hence to Castor and Petersburg. This
has been in bad condition for some time, but
with great enterprise is now being rcsid with
substantial rails and other corresponding i'm