Carroll free press. [volume] (Carrollton [Ohio]) 1834-1861, 1852-12-17

pAAcet a. ouf WauuldCuuuk tshVlhhutFbh et1
broken down by competition with foreigners
The caphal invested 10 them is losI, thousands
Of hoaes and industrious eitifsas are thrown
oaI Of employment. aOd The farmer 70 80 sIIenl
is deprived Of home market foF The sale Of
bis eouuny produce. In the third place, the
deufbclion Of our manufactures leaves the ioF.
eigner without competition 10 our market, aOd
he consequently raises the price Of The article
sent here for sale, as is nov seen 10 the To-
creased cost Of iron imported from EnRlsod.-
The prosperity and wealth Of every nation musr
depend upon ils productive industry. The
farmer is stimulated 10 exeuion by 6Hding Q
ready market for his 81. plus products. and ben.
c6ued by being able 10 exchange them without
loss Of time or expenses Of transportation for
the manulaclures which bic cOmlOH or conve.
nienee requires.
This is always done 10 the best advantage
whore a portion Of the ~OmmuniIy 10 which he
lives is engaged 10 other pursuits. But most
mabtlacIUres require an amount Of capital and
pracucal skill which cannot be commanded. IN.
less they be protected for time from ruinous
composition from abroad. Hence the neeessi.
" Of laying those duties upon imported goods
which The Constitution suIhorises for revenue,
in such q manner as 10 protect and encourage
the labor Of our own chizens. Duues, howev.
er. should not be fixed q, ratio so high as 10
exclude the foreign article, but should be so
graduated as 10 enable the domestic msnufac
lurer f,irly to compete with the foreigner IN oul
own mark,ts. and by the competition to reduce
the price Of Ihe manufactured article 10 the con.
sumeT 10 the OWesI rate 81 which il can be pro-
duced. This policy would place the mechanic
by the side Of the farmer, CRATE a mutual in.
Ierchange Of their respective commodities, and
thus imuIaIe the industry Of The whole counIrv
and render us independent Of foreign nations
for the supplies required by the habits or neces'
sites Of the people.
Another question. wholly Independent Of pro.
Iec,ion presents iIs hsrlf. and that is, whether
tie dulies levied should be upoO the value Of
the article al the place Of shipment, or where i
is practicable, a specific duty, graduated accord
ing TO qUa6,iy, as asceHained by weight oI
measure, All our duties are al PiesenI I'D valO
rem. certain percentage is levied on the
price Of Ihe goods at the Pou Of shipment 10 g
foreign country.
Most commercial nations have found il ndis.
pensible, for the purpose Of preventing freud
and perjury, 10 make the duties specific when.
ever the articles is Of sOch a uniform value 10
weigh, or measure as TO justify such a duty
Legislation should never encourage dishonesty
or crime. ID is impossible that The revenue OF.
icers at the porn. where the goods are entered
and the duties paid should know with certainty
what they cost in the foreign counuy. Vel The
law requires that they should levy the duty nc.
cording 10 such cost They are therefore com.
PEELED TO resort 10 very unsatisfactory evidence
to ascertain what that cost was. They lake the
invoice Of the importer. auesIed By his oath. aS
the best evidence Of which the nature Of The
case admits. But every one must see that The
invoice NAV be fabricated. and The oath by
which il is supported false. by reason Of which
the dishonest importer pays part only Of the
duties which are paid to the honest one. anc
thus indirectly receives from the treasury Of the
United States, n reward for his fraud and PERU
ry The reports Of the Secretary Of The Treas
urv heretofore made on this subject. show con
cluslvely that these frauds have been pracuced
TO great extent. The tendency is to destroy
that high moral character for which our mer
chants have long been distinguished; 10 de-
fraud the GnvernmenI out Of its revenue Il
break down the honest importer by II dshones
competition; and finally transfer the busInes.
Of importation to foreign and irresponsible
agents. TO the great deIrmtnl Of our clzeus.-
| therefore, again. most earnestly Recommend
the adoption of spec f. du'ps wherever il i
practicable, for home valuation, TO prevent Ihes
frauds.
would also pgain call your attention TO lh'
fact that The present Iarili. in snme cases. lmpo
sps higher duty upon the raw material ln'pnrI
ed, than upon the article mauunrIured from II
the consequence oG which is that the duty oper
alrs The encouragement Of our own citz'ns.
Fnr full and d.Iailed information in regard It
the gvneral conditun of our ludiln affairs. ] re-
sperIIuIIV rrttr you 10 IN report of the Secre'
,ary of The Interior, aud The accompany ing doc
umenIS.
the Senate not having thought proper To rat
irv The lrra,ms which had be-U nrgnuaIpd Wlt
the tribes of Indians in California and OItgrn
our relations with ,hem have been lett in very
un<aIislar tory cnndiion.
In ether par,s of our Territory, particular
disrlcts Of country have been sci apart for lht
rxrlusive occupation Of The IOdIans. and ihrl'
right To the lands within those limits has been
arknuw Iedg,d and respected. Bat IN CalIlnr'
MA and Oregon Ih re has been n0 recognition
by the GnM rnmpnl nr Ihr exclusive right al the
Indians 10 any part Of Ihe country. they are,
therefore, mere tenants at suffr'rance, and liable
to be driven from place to place, al the pleasure
of The whites.
The IEea,ies which have been rejected, pro-
posed to remedy this evil. BY aloIung To the dit
lerenl Wlb-s districts nf country suiIabs TO Their
h htbns of life. and spffic enI tor their support
This provision, more than any other, u ia be'
ieved. led TO their rejection; and as no subs'l'
Iute for it has been ad"pIrd by Z 'ng'ess, II has
been deemed advisable 10 attempt TO enIer In1u
new treaties of permanent character. .
II il be the desire Of Congress TO remove
them from The country altogether. or assign 70
them particular disIrlcIs more remote from the
settlements of the whites, it will be- proper TO
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