The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-10-02

N hammered, and usgsstlsnasly conduct 70 truse
win not be repeated
In an opinion delivered yesterday in tho Supreme
Court, BY Judge Roosevelt, his honor decides 'na'
corporate bo les are liable TO taxation on tnsr 70
cum ulstsd fund
TA.,c vas no special movement to notice In trade
Yesterday The high prises asked oy holders OF
payal stores and iugaIs checked sales Aessrs.
Scott snd Bell state that the STOCK OF coffee in this
market is not considered large, viz 10000 bags
Rio, 20 coo mats Java, $50 lbs TO the mss,) 1000
bags LagusyIa, 5000 do Marscaibo, 1000 do. st.
Domingo, all other kinds, 1000 bags Toe ma:ket
closed 6rm Tobacco has for some weeks been In
good demand, with pretty free sales At full prices
The stock in this market is found to consist Of
Is l73 hhds., Of which l2,9S5 hide. are Kentucky,
and 1877 d. Virginia. Sales Of Kentucky were
made at 6lc . $50 Der ID.
A full report Of the proceedings Of the New York
Colonization Society, which met yesterday, will be
found in another column. Tho speech Of Mr.. Ro-
berts brother to the President Of Liberia, is quite
interesting.
Our columns are again so perfectly overrun with
advertise ments and rews matter that We have no
room left for more than . mere reference to tho
heads Of that which is the most interesting, via
Recent Intelligence from Cuba; various letter,
pudiatirg all connection with III Cuban Movement;
communication relative to Virginia Chvalry; the
Sa'anic Press; InprsCticability Of the Nicsr,gus
| Canal Project; New jersey and Iowa Correspond
ence; CoTsner's Investigation Of the Forsyth street
Murdsy; Curious Developments the Police
Court concerning Charge Forgery; Description
| of New Buildings 10 the Nineteenth ward; New
| Opera Houses in New York and Boston, Sc.
--------------------
The Commissioner to Chlna-The Chinese
Trade.
As we have previously stated. the Hon. Hum
phiey Marshall has been appointed Commissioner
to Chira, and win to day proceed in the
steamer Pacific to Liverpool, whence, we no.
| derstand, he will take the overland route to
| Canton or Shanghai. This mission to China
is one of great moment to the financial, COM
mercial and national interests Of the United
States. However important IL would have been I'M
der her circumstances, now that the acquisition
of California and its gold has given our shipping
and con merce the undsputed possession of the Pa
cifc Ocean, tie importance Of the mission is
| HANGED hey ond calculation, ana will every day be
growing into greater magnitude.
We feel gratifed thst it is entrusted to gentle
man Of such distinguished ability and high stand.
ing. and We have every confidence that he will dis
charge the duties OF the Office with credit to hm-
self and with honor and advantage to the country.
What his duties and powers are we have shown in
recent article. They far higher and more extern
sve than those assigned to any other foreign minis
ter ofthe United States Though the les. Congress did
well in responding to the recommendation Of the Pre-
sdents MESA .e, to place the Commissioner China
on the same footing with regard to rank, OUTFIT and
remuD GRAFTON, as our other foreign ministers, and
thus in some degree il recognized the vast impor-
tance of his office; yet, considering the nature of
tie country, its great distance from the United
States, and the policy of making respectable show
before the polished barbarans of the Central Flow
ery Land,' the salary is by no means commensurate
with the necessities Of the the dignity of this
great republic The Chinese form their estimate of
a man q minister just rs he is able to make
fashionable appearance; and our minister to Chi
ma should not be able to cope in this respect with
the better paid ministers of England and other
countries, the inference drawn By the children CT
the SUM- viii be by means favorable to the Uni
ted States. The Chinese the most ancient M.
ton in existence except the Jews; and proud
they of their antiquity that they regard the civilized
nations Of the world upstairs and ''outside barba
rians." They will net feel naturally disposed to
treat so young o country as the United States
with much respect, especially As its form of
government is diametrically opposed to their own;
and, therefore, is very desirable that that feeling,
appropriate to them, should not be unnecessarily
increased by shabby exterior on the part Of our
representative. In order to the Of his mis-
sion, ample resources ought to be placed in his
hands There is great stake Mt issue, The popu-
lation Of China is the half Of the human race.
Our trade with China has receive tremendousim
petus fsm the fee. Of fast sailing clipper ships built
by cur merchant princes during the last two or
three years, rs well from the establishment of
our empire the coast Of the Pacific. What is the
ns ture Of this trade, for which all commercial M
tons have competed, are competing, and will CON-
pete for generations yet urbornl The Chinese are
peculiar people, as most Of our readers know, and
their government very jealous Of the intercourse
Of the inhabitants or agents of other countries
with them. For centuries all intercourse was shut
out. knowledge Of China cannot be traced further
back than tAe age Of Alexander; yet some of it's
treasures fOuad theis way into Europe long before
that time. The Macedonian Greeks carried their
arms into India, and there they heard Of China,
under the ancient name of Thine or sine; but this
was not tho origin Of the commerce with China.
Prior to that period the Greeks had used silk, be-
lore they knew whence the substance came. 1t was
not till after the Of the Christian era
that they had any distinct knowledge of the country
from whence silk came, or the manner 10 which it
was produced. About the year A. d. l66, the in
creasing demand for the article, with the in-
crease of luxury among the Romans, sug-
gested the idea Of direct commercial intercourse
with China. The embassy was repulsed, and the
same exclusiveDess prevailed then that has marked
the empire in modern times, and they were oompell-
ed to receive the article by an indirect medium, :,
namely, by way Of India and the Red Sea to Egypt
and thence to Rome. At q latter period the Ro.
mans obtained it from Persia, ard about A. D.
$50, tho persiAnS had monopoly Of the whole silk
trade, and person from the vest was allowed to