The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-06-24


the risk she has hitherto Of becoming his patri
mony for ever; therefore she protests that whilst
be remains IN the territory Of Colombia she cannot
pro coed with the arrangements mentioned in the
previous despatch When those documents arrived
in Bogota, they fell into the hands of General Mos
guerra, who ucceeded Bolivar President, and ne
sent the last one. containing the references to Boil
var, TO him, at Carthagena. Whatever his faults
were, he certainly did not deserve TO be thus IN
suited IN his exile. As before mentioned, he died
broken hearted at Santa Marta, on the 18th Sep
tember following.
We have given slight sketch Of the first es.a-
blishment OF an independent government in Vene-
Yuela General Paez took the initiatory step
the 18th December 1929; and, on the 18th Of May,
1890, he was installed President by the Congress
of Valencia, composed Of thirty. three members.
Our task is now to DETAIL in suecinct manner, the
leading events that have transpired since then,
period Of twenty-five years.
Everything went on tolerably quiet in Venezuela
during the rest Of the year 1890 The exile Of Boil
var, and the getting into power of his opponents,
naturally Quoted any fears that might have existed
in Venezuela Of further desires the part Of Co!cm-
ba to forcibly resist her ACKNOWLEDGMENT. Still
there existed many military chiefs, much attached
to Bolivar, who had fought for them for many
years, and had so effectually driven the Spaniard
out Of the country. In the eyes Of these old mill
tary men, his desire to establish hard military
! AYE, even a mOnarchcal forr-of government was
| no sin, on the contrary rather recommendation.
Those of them especially who lived in Venezuela
saw their old comrade Paeg elevated to the highest
| civic rank, whilst the leader Of the patriot army
Of independence languishea in exile ard disgrace.
/ Twenty odd years of warfare, of the fercest and
most cruel description, not exactly the best
school TO teach calm Submission to civic laws, if
| they proved unpalatatle consequently reaction
| commenced. and new intrgues were entered into by
various chiefs. to pronounce once more in favor OF
| the integrity Of Colombia, gained from the
Spaniards. These intrigues were auickened by GER
tain articles in the constitution Of Venezuela, which
did not please the military party, and which, some
| years subsequently, shall the causes Of
| n
ment OF Paez. Thus passed 1890. In Septem-
Der of that year died Bolivar; this gave fatal blow
to his party in New Granada. And, henceforth, we
shall take no notice of the events in that republic,
| as they are foreign TO our subject.
From the deficiency OF roads and means of corr
muncation, which, even at tle present day, are al
most in state Of natural 'xildness, the positive
of the death of the liberator did not reach We
nezuela for some time; thus, on the 10Th January,
1881 it was not yet known ia the eastern provinces
OF the country. On that day the city OF Aragna of
Barcelona, pronounced against Paez's government
and proclaimed the integrity of Colombia, neniinat
| ing General Jose Tadeo Monagas civil anG mill
! tary chief and putting themselves under his gui-
dance number of towns in the eastern -provin-
united with this movement, and the inscrrecton
| went on, assuming most formidable character.
As before remarked, it was supported py the mill
tary party, and also many of the clergy, account
OF the Objectionable articles in the constitution pre-
pared by the Congress of Valencia. These objec-
tionable articles those which deprived the mi
htary OF many of their former immunities and
enptons from the action of the civil law-and to
the clergy, they objected to the payment Of contri-
buttons and taxes like other citizens, which they
were exempt from in the time of Colombia. They
also objected to the liberation of other religions be-
sides the Roman Catholic.
When Paez learned the extent of tho movement
he judged it necessary to raise army sufficiently
numerous to overawe the insurgents ut once He
raised force and confded the command eli it to
General Marine. whom he despatched to meet the
enemy, with ORDERS however, first to endeavor to
reason them into submission. In this, Marine
md I'D IN urrns InSf Ham will
rled success, when the news Of Boivars death
arriving, dishearyened Monagas and his friends.
| They then offered to come to terms with Marine:
| however, the terms agreed to by Marine were not
ratified by the government at Caracas, and Paez in
person took the field about the end of April 1881,
and on the oath June following, Monagas yielded
| himself up TO Paez and received free pardon for
himself and followers, condition of their hence
forth keeping quiet Thus ended the first reyolu-
ton in the first year of the existence CT the Repub-
lie OF Venezuela.
In the meantime more formal election for IA con-
stitutiona President and Vice President had taken
place throughout the republic and had resulted in
the election OF General Paez for the first Office for
the tenn of four years. and the centate, Urbaneia,
| as Vice President for the term Of two years. This
latter only elected for two years, il order that
| thereafter each Presidential term might have two
Vice Presdents-for instance. Jrbdne'a was elected
| for two years only The next Vice President would
be elected for four years. thus, his term would end
in the middle Of the second Presidential term. The
| second actual though first constitutional Congress-
| commenced ON the 18th of March, 1891 and daring
its session passed several laws various subjects
| The year 1881 passed off without any further dis
tul bance-tbe country relieved from the continual
warfare which had hitherto afflicted il, having its
! government more compact than during the time of
| Colombia, and every prospect Of continued peace
and tranquility, thing went on smoothly and
/ progressively. Agriculture commenced to flourish
| again, and all thought the infant republic would
| progress on TO a hardy manhood The second con-
sntutional Congress met on the 3ist OF January,
1882, and discussion took place regarding the
formation of a federal union with New Granada and
| Ecuador. which, by this time, had each become
sovereign republic. This plan was never arried OUT
! later shall what done in this matter.
Some laws regulating the location of the districts Of
/ the Supreme Courts were passed.
The year 1892 thus passed off without anything
| worthy Of note that the constitution
found to work well. and the same prosperous cond-
ton to which we have hitherto adverted, continued
! on the increase. Paez, at the head Of the govern
ment, seemed to give universal satisfaction. The
| attention of the government was nov directed to
the providing means of education for the rising ge
neration Of citizens.
In january 1888, the third Congress assembled,
and the election of DR.. Andres Narvarte as Vice
| President to succeed Urbaneja, whose term had
PRED was ratified by it. The cultivation of tobac-
| co and its sale both declared free; they had
| formerly been monopolies of the government. The
payment Of thes to the church, by the people. was
abolished and the government assumed its support.
The plan of Colombian Confederation of soyere IN
and Independent republics, was abandoned as not
feasible, but commissioners sent &c Bogota to
range about the distribution Of the debt to England,
and to make treaties with Ecuador and New Gra-
NADIA. This year passed off quietly, and everything
! prosperous.
In January, 1884, Congress again assembled
| This session several important laws were passed
granting federation for the free exercise of any
form Of religious worship in Venezuela A very
good lawthe only drawback to it is, that ii would
be impossible to put it in force at the present tme
owing to the fanaticism and ignorance Of the peo-
pie. During this year the elections for the
second Presidential term. Paez's four years would
expire constitutionally, on the 10Th January, 1885
No less than four candidates were started, viz
Senior Ulbaneia, who had served as Vice President
under Paez for two years from the first Congress,
and a decided partizan Of Paez's policy General
Marine, an old soldier Of the war Of Independence
the same who headed the expedition against Mona
gas in 1881 Marines sympathes, at that time,
were decidedly in favor OF the military narty or