davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-16

E'oR SAN rHANClsCO.-THE spLgNDIDEgw YORK
clipper chip mo, X. Little master, having just
tprred from her ftt voyage 70 Ban Frsnosco viii be des
patched on the hrtt OF March, weather permitting This
tssu'ul vessel Is now At her berth, no. ~ ~ having
very handsome extension state Accommodation fog
hrss css ard Is particularly we'll adapted for second
pasongerF, having high bctwe decks, well Ventilated in
Jyery yty 0t the voyage. The number Of passengers viii
bt limited Fer ireght or passage apply 20 uurdon a
100 all street, Mailer Lord luS NJ all skfseA.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-16
HAIpPaK0.

ESoR CHARLES ON, CONNECTING WITH TIE IsA-
E BEL for Havana. The tfavorite steamship SOUTH
river on Wednesday 18th inst at O'clock M precisely,
For frsShs arpv on besrd and for p.ssss 10
sPUFfoRD. TILEsToN &Cs, Is ssush street. Passengers
Tor whinh harl n ha
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-16

noCToR WARD MAKES INJURIOUS CURES Or
~ delicate diseases Canal street and broadway.
Far batter tho unfortunate treat themselves than Ay
have como at last Then you viii be sra.asd beyend an
anticipation 70 End yourself better tvcnsyfour hours
No fee tAi cursd 0enulsstions pri,se. medical beck
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-16

fEO cAifFoRrIhEB-HAviNa ObsRhVEDlN s.s
Il oya Herald sa an0p,msrs asiiale, nEnea a
Eumor rejecting upen tho Line -
AffW, the unatrxted conceive ~ u ~ any thht ny
iheir ftHas, and fsd lhe q eontftaigt ~ sGon -
tettsuI having toeA forwarded fom nsiiolhs ~ .no
INae4trrert onrspy, 90 oosassn. Noaren now isN
~ ", Unisd ststea for ths save eesn sssn' rs
Yty cor thAt sxzd tstt.f staeo lor az eps
66us tAftuEh tfip N BY sLes lL sns eoni.s,
lYgtbats 4eTt snount ~ cfedit IL cue hh.is & -
az 80 NJ useht, their entsrpfiee N ,us %
fsss he Ia moroVoy. ttts tully tesemmeAd - oaF
and the rubie ~ " line Of stsaus, ~.
~ tfuNlp VI wits IN. ThokpSOHI
D.. u Berry, - ". AAbASAi
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-16

DR JOHNSON, NO. " pEARE TrReKr. so wIIL
~ known In The treatm ant Of delte diseases Doe
tors reputation for sk IN these half oass thai have
cretea for years pretintnk Cepstitutonl wssknesa
kreup Geeye. habit ttestuA cured Rooaub oa.x
cured In foaI dsya A perfect exsO, Of 40 charge.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-16

ling. In references TO
1xth (BEr) that he
ch which b. made
" matter no v often
at least, that he
nan from the sixth
In it. He hope,
Ebject, they will con.
le amount Of the bill,
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-16

nm CONyERy INVfGORkTfNG CORpIAu-CELE.
n hrstd remedy Tor sad consequences OF ssshuss ace
ractAurg Tor tuanefs msrip,0ny void auaoka wac
nii We PAPERS win Their silly presentsns and nostrums
tw hettet o. tfs cordial viii restore you % botu
tree totes iQ 70 Important advice ths married anA
tDg. DR. emso OK Third avenue whore he oopsus,d
tna the cordial oairsd Agents tsa Broadway, and IN
sohsJ n9Dhe we oouatry w. y.s geAtA,
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-16

yIR. J. EoRDAC's PREVENTIVE CAN Re PRO.
~ cured BY adesessrF him post rsit box is Phasat-
ys Office ea-i0sg 81. IL inande fer ,hoHs .a
do feel inclined " increase Sieg families Ia 10 smp
sad hiaiiible.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-16

EoE LIvKKPOOI~-UNITED STATES NAIL STEAM
ship PACIFIC, Captain Ezra Nys.-Ihs steamer will
depart With 'hs United states Ms for Europe pe,i,yey
foot Of Canal street. Ne berth secured m paid for.
freight passage having squAed Accommodations for
''a'1 I6w va sH"ssle oENs co No s. Wall street
The steamship Atlantic viii succeed ths Paciao And sail
March 6.
The Pioneer and woman's advocate. (Providence, R.I.) 1852-185?, 1852-06-05

EvERY cause which aims at great re-
suits, for good or evil, seeks its support
in the strong arm Of the Press. One of
the greatest questions Of this age is that
of woman's Rights. Papers devoted to
other reforms have, to a limited extent,
advocated the elevation of woman to her
rlghtful rank by the side of man. But
woman has not, in this country, q paper
devoted to her cause in this broad sense
this compre rehensive view, which now ev-
erywhere is taking possession of the minds
Of this generation.
Believing the time has come when such
an Organ should exist, breathing out the
heart, and speaking out in the defence of
woman faithfully and fearlessly, we send
forth our PIONEER, and propose to issue
it semi-monthly, at One Dollar per year,
in advance, payable on the reception of
the first Number.
We are aware of the magnitude of our
undertaking, and of the difficulties in our
way. But the cause Of woman is upon
our heart, and the burdens and duties of
her defence shall be our pleasure.
We are not the organ of any sect, par
ty, convention or clan-we hold ouselves
amenable only to God and good con-
science. We shall discuss the subject of
woman's oppression and degradation by
the character of the labor to which she is
subjected, the beggarIy wages paid her,
the cast which places her in ten thousand
instances beyond the reach Of intelligence,
excluding her from the higher institutions
Of learning, and the professions for which
she is so well adapted. Since man, in
the formation Of his early mind, is the
creature Of her hand, bearing the stamp
Of her image forever, no intellectual cuI-
ture to which man can attain, should be
withheld from her-nor can it be, but by
the perpetration of crime, the measure
Of which has revealed itself in the past.
The disabilities and legal burdens which
society imposes upon woman shall be laid
bare to the view Of those whose right il il
to claim equal justice to all.
These wrongs will continue until wo-
men demands their redress. Who better
than herself can press that demand3-
They VIII" have not the heart and the will
to demand their own rights, have little
cause to complain Of their loss.
We do not believe ourselves possessed
The Pioneer and woman's advocate. (Providence, R.I.) 1852-185?, 1852-06-05
From the Waverly Magazine.
The Rights Of Wonaan.
BY CLARA.

This is an extraordinary age. Sci.
dom have there been SO many great
questions before the public as at the
present time. Among others, that ol
Woman's Rights has attracted, and i
noao attracting considerable attention.
And, as | believe that agitation, or a
stirring up of the waters of public opin.
ion is the most efectual way to fish up
the truth, which lies at the bottom Of
the WE'LL" l will endeavor to present a
few thoughts on this much debated, but
not exhausted subject. "
And first, claim that the sexes are
equal, and should be allowed equal
rights. believe that all human beings
have the same natural rights, unaffected
by the accidental circumstances of sex
or color. know that many objections
will be brought against this position, by
those whose prejudices or interests rem
der them our opponents, as well as those
who honestly believe the contrary. |
expect to be told that we are weak and
unable to exercise those rights, even if
they were sllowed us. So is limb
which has been fractured, weak, even
The Pioneer and woman's advocate. (Providence, R.I.) 1852-185?, 1852-06-05

| Of all the wisdom in the world, or that our
efforts will exhibit all the perfection and
strength which is looked for in old estab-
lished journals, but our editors are wo-
! men who have long stood in tho front
ranks of reform.
Progrcss is the watch-word Of this age
Onward 10 written on the face Of Socie-
ty. The lightnings Of thought BY the
steam of the press, are producing revolu-
tions never before dreamed Of in the in
tellectual, moral and political world.
Why then shall half the race be con-
tent to drag out slow existence in the
beaten paths Of the dark agesl Why be
the slave of fashion--of false education
of ignorance, inferior estimation AMI
condition! IL cannot lie 50 longer. Al
ready a mighty movement has begun--its
course is o0ward-no earthly power can
stay it. Woman will rise above her own
acknowledged weakness, above the ideas
Of inferi0rity which now depress her-
above the indifference and opposition Of
a large portion Of her own sex. To aid
her in this good work 10 the design Of our
humble sheet. Our PIoEEEa shall bear
words Of cheer to oppressed wonap in all
Sos.1sssosss VI sho-ssse WWWsscS CUSoes =
pecislly!
Its columns shall contain variety Of
miscellaneous, interesting and general in
telligence, such as will commend il to the
fsHily circle. The yalfhg shall find IN ],
pleasing aud profitable 1ess6ns of inorali.
ty, education and virtue.
Having thus briefly hinted at some oi
the objects which it is in our hearts to
pursue, we confidently ask the co-opera-
ton Of our many friends, in forwarding
their names and the names of others, as
subscribers. We have undertaken our
work after much deliberation, and with
such assurances of aid as warrant US in
hoping for good degree Of success.
All communications must be ad-
dressed to A. w. SPENCER,
Publisher, Providence
The Pioneer and woman's advocate. (Providence, R.I.) 1852-185?, 1852-06-05
PROVIDENCE, SATURDAY, JUNE 5, 1852

after the broken bone has thoroughly
united. And shall we argue therefore,
that because the limb is incapable Of
cigorr1 exercise, it should therefore be
denied all exercise 2 1t would be sheer
folly. The absence of exercise necessa-
~ for the re-uniting of the fractured
bone, Is what has caused this weakness,
and it is only by use that it can regain
its former strength and vigor. And yet,
how many there are. who approve Of
this shallow reasoning concerning 100
mans poscers, and who, in regard to the
erercise Of those powers, would adopt
the policy Of the careful dame, who con.
jured her son not to 60 near the water
till he had learned to swim.
A great deal is said to us about wo.
mans sphere. But who on earth, l ask
is to define its boundaries, if not she
herself2 Shall man do it7 How, think
you, would these "lords Of creation.
as they call themselves, relish the ides
Of wSnan's setting herself up to assigr
the q ms d mans peculiar domain, ant
to say INTO him, "Thus far shalt thor
go and no farther7" They would cry
"injustice" at once. And yet they seem
to consider themselves better qualified
to determine woman's proper sphere oil
action than woman herself. They tell
US that woman is by nature unqualified
for taking an active part in those stir
ring scenes continually going on in the
great world; that her native delicacy
causes her to shun publicity. But is it
native delicacy, or habit of uninquir-
ing submission to the opinions of others,
the result of false system Of education,
that keeps her in the back ground
am inclined to think that it is the latter.
Does native delicacy deter the fashion.
able belle from exhibiting her accom-
plishments in the ballroom? Oh no
for that IS popular. Yes, it is even so.
When woman becomes a prominent
actor in public scenes, merely for the
purpose of entertaining or amusing those
present: she is extolled as an angel, a
splendid creature, &c. But when in
obedience to the divine longing to do
good, she comes before public assem-
bly, to speak thoughts that have long
stirred her soul and struggled for utter
ance, she is denounced as "out of her
place" "coarse," masculine" &c., &c.
Oh! the admirable consistency Of the
would.be.wise, in this glorious nine
teenth century!
But | would speak more especially Of
the rights of education and employ
ment; for on these, all others in great
measure depend. II is a lamentable
fact, that the present standard Of female
education, though somewhat more ele.
The Pioneer and woman's advocate. (Providence, R.I.) 1852-185?, 1852-06-05

vated than that which prevailed few ,
years ago, is still very low, compared !
with that designed for the other SEX
How often do we hear young woman }
Of eighteen or twenty spoken Of as hav-'
ing "6nished her education !" an age at
which most young men have merely
commenced theirs,h p 10
But are we to infer from this, that the
young woman to whom the expression
is applied, has received thorough edu-s
cation, such as will discipline the mind,l
and qualify its possessor to ''act we'll
her part" in the great drama Of exis-'
tence 2 By no means. A " inished.
education" in the sense in which the
phrase is used in the fashionable wo.ld,
means neither more or less than q bait
to catch husband, In fashionable
education, the ornamental branches are,
dwelt upon to the neglect Of the usefulY
and its recipient is sent forth into the
great world, q mere parlor doll, paint
ed toy, rather than self.denying, whele-
souied woman. s7'''s''-g
And if even the daughters of soealtA
enjoy no better advantages than these,
how is it with those to whom toll is no
stranger, and who gain their bread by
the sweat of their brow7 With many,
the mere rudiments of a common school
education are all that is received. And
if, perchance, one Of this class forms
the noble resolution Of acquiring an ed,
ucation, such as fit her for the discharge
Of those high duties that devolve upon
every rational human being, weary in
deed is her lot. Her life becomes CON-
tinual struggle, in which her energies
are directed alternately to two great OBJ
jects; the one, knowledge, and the oth-
Ter, bread. ..t..., =. ....
The comparatively low price of f.
male labor renders it necessary for her
to devote the greater part of her time to
some industrial avocation whereby she
must obtain, not only subsistence, but
the means Of gratifying her thirst for
knowledge, thereby leaving but scanty
allowance Of time for the prosecution Of
her studies. The cares and anxieties
attendant upon her struggle for sub.
sistence, unfit her, in a measure, for Sc
we're mental application and it is only
by extraordinary diligence and self.de-
nial that she can hope to rise above
mediocrity.
Besides this, her efforts are not appre.
ciated as would be those Of one Of the
other sex, in a similar situation; and
she is frequently surrounded by officious
friends who use their utmost endeavors
to discourage her from her undertaking.
What wonder, If amid all these perplex-
tiles, she finally abandons the struggle,
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1852-12-14

plratiseiy unsettled may szen y c@mparir. me
aHi population So ccm3l.!y !:r2s rr 2ni,l u O, his
c1uary without all reaBs ma t.: Il s; uc:hInU
Is produced for export Except horses anu carc Graz. h.
rHt YET become staple.
Although this country IS thus uncultivatcI ard ts re
sources unJcre!vPcd, II y feature Of gac ;;ur
lance II he a!!tosd Ea there margin OF highly l1rro.
ftu country Immediately CT ie borders the rad Tie
eScnce o! 20 Important line Of ever the ra,Ire
a'efsrd y he Railroad. for nucr!Y crny has c-cutd
os' o. improvements hrpG.h which ne n!,oso --..s
~" defeopea OF ta.e place by
ing ti!is Improvement iaera!y iron Inc io al rold
II ~ arethd Hshc'"rl iev tie lpauag. wilhnu.
reference 10 te sasl amount avel which nav c x-,c
ca over ms rinc a. large portion oil ,c Suui -
o'ats viii! iGn sls lhr nearst :oua 10 ihe Northeast,
gross oi 5000 600 vii be suicet 10 t,,it N osr
cent On The capital Of 81 $40 000 suc, rrycaue rry
&c confidently expected.
n:- IL .s beer sn"p that a,ay
derived ;'om fephs alone But may also be hG:
iar.c 'c.ehic may He expected fgo! ne tram ~ o:
the mail and passengers The local travel n.r be- .r;y
Great In country productive In March last bee HE
enlng OF HE Eoat ,iage coach running three ,es
week, did iul Fur sUHu nie past the Riii,Dad
as carried over ou miles in .egG Of 30
each wap daily. When the whole 20i niles are cu.n- ed
TIE local travel alone carn0t 6c lrs- leo each Wv da
y which for 800 days will bc 30 300 ia, senge,s NJ Sc
each woLd }c!i $500 J00 The rnous.iruvc ma; s. .ie
" stated AZ much mere when tl- r4ad c5nrct;
ABOVE SHOWN, with the whole South and SOvih en-
tracing sweep o! county from Memphis Savannah
river.
The foregoing facts have been carefully "rn5,r
and every reisce may be placed their uccuic,; T
suhny IS merely what !u,r'e IN. cts.
CHARLES r GARNETr
Chief Engineer Firgiaio C. Tenn :.,ss R1lyUII
To the EditV: - .eElcun K. ,ournai."
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1852-12-14
MIDWAY FEMALE ACADEMY.

-IOTiiING necessary but that th
popular Institution will be opened hs first Monday ia Oco
and continue It's TO the Let August 1853
Neither able. and
cnced Principal the selection Of her fellow
his Other provisions has the subscriber spared any he that
receive faesously that
advertisements that has filled school from MI parts Virginia
ard other STATES Ii what III has retained them
session alter session. returning and bringing with them oe
or. forming select class the best ovres and
Intellectual young ladies that any school the Union
showl
required stay day longer than entire satsfac
day longer than school large
pupils finish their education Midway Academy
highest all the classes The young lady who took the
the single
e,u Midway Two, who distinguished themselves al the
Southern Institute Fredericksburg the best scholars edu
Gated Midway and where they have entered
other Institutions they take stands in the first Classes
prpetors have exeion,he
large family Of dausEtrs To make by the
ton entered into formed single link
our expectations or desires
The pay the highest saares proc the
aud ,hen that lhe WORK properly done liz rePu
requires Advertising The number is limited weniy
hoarGcrs-n day scholars or five day boa4,cIa.
TERMS:
Board inc udng everything an tuition all The English braach
for ten montbs-the scholastic year-wilil le sl2
Frenc h. German Spanish aud Italian. and Latin each Il
instruction in Music on Piano, and use OF lnsumCnt, 3;
and Of Instrument. u
With Vocal Music, 2:
Together 4
Vocal Music q
JEFFERSON MINOR, NJ. D.
drpssN lcrsT Esse Va Sent
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1852-12-14

Address Milcr's Tavern. Essex couny, Va Sept. IA
MRS. Fl. G. BROADDUs'
BOARDING SCHOOL FOR YOUNG LADIES,

GROVE. CAROLINE
opened 18th 1853, the
w the third The
is healthy AMI W asal and is in suitable for
purpose boarding school The "i instruction w
all the elementary and higher branches OF thorough Eng
with the French language and music on the Plane
and Guitar The school entirely under the superin'cnccc
Bcaddus whose experience aud success martne Hsr
on who be
interested subject Mrs NJ. w. Lewis will nave charge
boarding and financial the stabm nt and sht
pledges herself endeavor give tslacon III that department
school year. months VIII be divided into Two
each No deduction viii be made for ab
Of protrscted i!lncss
scholastic ~ months cluins board
lights, with instruction the English language
usyabe hal in adv .ncc SlGQ rt
flench and ornamental needle work. each q
Music on Piano and Ou ar Professors charges Use Of
The Piano 10 0r
Communications subject addressed Mrs IL G Broaus
or Mrs W. Lewis Bowling Green will bs promptly responded
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1852-12-14
ruE RiCEMoND ENQUIRER,
la,.SilED DAILY AND SEMl.WEEkLY,
lf.r,.IsM r. s THOMAS T!TCH!E, SR.
T. = x VI y:

(. VI
w seven dollars .nrOfn.dhd al Inc rats oi elks
lEcn ~, shorter icri': ti"h one xoAr .! tic .t
nv :, ,s ~: u .as uscc, RENTED BY n'ai! post
~ " " i,',.rs r,r SirU.. a. the cNi "t ::e year
- 80, ;, ,s ;r,r NAV tt RENTED pei Elait, IN gooc anu
part no.s a, the RISK oi;hc Editors 'f postage a" ''i
- ~ u, ,c-;f.-. The ;r:'!se II single le'-ol ls
ii an; acsu, 20 the writer II is the VI p
extensive business, whici operates Is
TERMS OF ADVERTISING
80 D,JJE ENQIIHER:-Fof TEN lines or less, hist IN
and every succeeding insertion twenty i've cciis'
lance week twt. 3res.nF 'hrer times Week, ihFS
z; hs;f ccnr> Tor each nSer ioa after the first.
veriiscrs a:e CHARGED y dollars ut!hlrty lines AID IN
lstrs a. greater length; exc ~ "iiy ry
,rr,,,r..rs wEaaTe c::Tsc1 Sa, (pape iucintc!.)
& Sr,,I.WEEKIYF's TEN lines, less first insertion
! s',r .a-o rnr. .ruuancs 80 cents.
. rom l,l,,-s Aus; ns accompanied with the advance
.,.fa,;,r, ;etclcG,cs - insure execution.
1sS s"& iTibMss Of rsspec: srresd:ns .ighi i!ne.,
III f5r Is girt risenisHts.
5l,oarIs .snG Marriages rom te country, wicncvt
- ;iukuow:' 10 us, mus; Ne Authenticated by
ri a ~, Postlnas the nei.toroot. "rtaey II
~ be published. Every measure tat has been taken 10
rS,!rls AMI Quizzes has, here"ior proved unavang
a.-yrc insist upon such COMMUNICATIONS ur- ccriIfed
III hr POSTMASTER ,rri'n TIC hnct 9th letter
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1852-12-14
: TuF. GoVERSOR OF VIRGINIA..

u rrN hav!s been oil by the Executive, that JOS
.rr y Was confined III. JaIi Mid.ssex county, on
r,rpy n.,s his escape trirl;cm the night OF the
" MI i .nw gning a; lagc-ihercoic, do hereby u.r 4
:, FIFTY put LAS 20 person or persons who shall
,I Joseph WALLACE. ard deliver him the Jail oil
ssg ana Ia moreover ieGure all officers Of this Com.
Al 5st AZ: military, ana equsst ,he people SenSray 10
+. -, slaa:.. = justice:
= ,f1 hand Governor. and under the Lesser Seal OF
rs,.gom.etllh n: Richmond, this 9th Gay OF Nuven.
! . +, lie wear iSj2 JOSEPH JOHNSON.
80, al. to be som Portsmouth, in this State and is de-
GI- /! old, of stout iorm about feet inches
~ S sE lax complexion; the forehead Had on
Bac> CassiIuere pantaloens, black clo. and
= Nov 20
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1852-12-14
WM HENDRICK,
A. G. BOYD,
tasr,y, N C., Aug lief n NJ. THORNTON
.EST COUGH S3RU2 IN THE WORLD
USED BY THOUSANDS

-
Use EXpecorint or Cough syrup. Is decidedly the
s9ag4on for aliaync and cuing tie most troublesome
tfHsangun. that ;.iau OF Diseases. If taken In Time.
Sa d. Philadelphia having devoted his sole att"n ion
OF rsinrn. aud "a lca. rly he treatment of diseases OF
l'oG hts sh"r; tine cure. :!e Of .oas stand.
|" 'kr Trac,ca. winipIpe. aud confidently reron,.
aed.cs and mode OF neDs 10 the public generally.
CHAPMAN. NJ. D., Philadelphia
KESsiSGroN, Philadelphia, Jan. -, 1850.
'Ercar Sir: as 10 my own leath can now say that
oc. am no: troubled with cnush unless take cold,
ew Goe- Your Cough syrup effect perfect cure.
ud ssGc oi your Alternative Pills They
best as.Glcinc tia; was invented.
. PHILADELPHIA, Dec II. 1850.
duly recommend TO the afflicted DR.. Roses Cough Sy.
sliaoGay diseases, was cured Of chronic affection Of
- - sc oi nge bo:te OF Cough Syrup. and eo1
-! ?., WM. BUCKLEY,
4 Ridge Road second door below Wallace st.
k's1 IA sevc inflammation Of the Lungs with Bpir.
y 'ish' nd great debility. for six months Al
.c'n'!: !! ,iriaus withuU relief, was complete
'',' cI b! J. :. Roses Cough Syrup or Expccto.
d. J kIDGWAi.
H. rs January II. lS5l.
Hoai cure your Cough. Cold Influenza, and avoid all
'' % :s.;s cold and thoroughly prevent Consumption
80. -: niiIi"g Blood, take this Syrup!
Fsn!s and 81; and for sale by Purcell. Ladd Co.,
u | :, Aue Gray, GayEor a. Wood, o A. Strecker. A
Java, X i busai. blair. s. n. Zachrisson and
A'o Ia Charlottesville by G. w. Briggs; Lynchburg
Nov. l-Ctf