New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1852-08-13


fA'IMes", B0riand. Bright Gao, Ch.e, Dodss, Wis
Ne W ,Ssa; tsot Sebastian Seward STOCKTON SUMNER
NsTs-Msssrs. Adams Atchsoa Bads,r Bell Brsdhury.
d. brooEe batler Carlton CisIks, Clemens Davis
Tenn, Hing Meri wether Miller Morris Pesrce Pratt
sHis.sN spruanee. rOuesy. Underwood, Upham
MI, ATcHIsoN reported bill for the re-
efof Robert Grisnon which wa, taken up. and. sf,sr
debate, was ordered TO be engro..ed
The Indian Appropriation bill was read
third time and passed.
Dir. DAVIS offered resolution, which
agreed to- directing INQUIRY to the sxpedsncy
OF reporting bill making appropriations pay Mssss.
chusetts and Maine the balance due them for dsburse
made by them for the United States during the
| war OF 1872.
Mr.. SHIELDS introduced bill to incor-
| porate the Washington City Water Company.
The Presidents Message relative 70 the
| fisheries was taken up.
Mr.. SoULE addressed the Senate, and
ssld that in abiding to the subject OF the diff cu,es
arising between fishermen and Her M4estys Colonial
subjects, and the course pursued By Her Majesty's
Minister'S the subject, he would speak with becoming
moderation The subject involved Interests which
could neither barter away nor surrender The
times wers strange when were Gale d upon to wit
ness nation with whom we are at peace and seem.
ingy on term OF amisy and kindness seeking assume
a right OF dominion over seas against protest. by
sending there armed stesmers soOps and vessels OF
war seeking to ride the Ocean In triumphant comps-
cency, ike Van Trump with broom az the masthead,
to sweep away all vessels which do not bear hsr flag
The hrst Information on this subject was derived
from the probation by the Secretary OF stste dated
July > that the schooner Coral was seized for al
legged nffaclon of the Treaty AM had been taken into
81 John where proceedings IN Admiralty were TAKEN
with view to her final condemnation and for etture
also that England understood the Treaty which
cluded fishermen from right sthen enjoyed, and In
| sisted a line from hesdsnd TO hesdand aud that
Americans could fish within three uiles from said
line, nor in the Bay of Fundy a, all Such were the
pretensons Of Crest Britain and which she threatens
| In the waters OF those bays.
10 Eogand rgh. and wrong In all this How
was that In the face Of such diculdes appeared
90 humble, dssponding and enduring There was no
denial but that the liberties denied were scknow
lodged under the Treaty of l,s3 and which have been
ecknow ged since lei5 under an unrecog nzed tsn
| der Of grs and favor England now, wthou! notice
undertakes TO deprive Americans Of liberties, without
the recognition Of which In 1888, peace could not have
been concluded. He considered that Mr. Webster, In
bis proclamation where he ssys 1t was an oversight In
the Convention OF Isis 10 make such large concessions
10 England declared that lnc ssons were made by that
treaty 10 England II So then the question was at an en-
although STILL England could not be justified In her
of yindicstDg that concession. he referred to
the speeches OF Messrs. Davis Cas-, and Hamln, in
which they conToyert the construction assumed by
Great Britain.
| He based bis argument different grounds than
those assumed by those Senators He could not agree
with them with the Secretary of State that there
was In the Treaty of ISIS In any way leopard
ling rights The Treaty excluded American hshc
ermen within three marine miles OF the coaat OF
Maesy's dOmiulons In North America, and the cues.
ton wss, what His Majesty tht had exclu
| slve dominion and sole supremacy England, AZ an
early period assumed b herself the supremacy OF the
ocesn and delighted In being considered the " Quesn
of the Seas" and there time when she ruled su'
| preme That scepter had fallen, and the nation was
NOT In existence would resume It, In the sense
| in which she claimed it. The Psslmist declared the
earth given O the children OF men, but the sea be-
longed TO God alone
He then arsued the necessity for this-shst the seas
| from tkpr paf1r A n
session and hence could not become the property OF
any one people TIE mastery of the sea. has been
claimed by several nations. England, during the last
century, claimed the mastery OF all seas communicating
with the waters which washed her shores, which, as
they al communicated With each other amounted TO all
the of the world. Rome herself, di'clsined any
right the seas and he read an extract from the
Roman law that the sea Is free as the air no one
claim ii, and can be prevented from hsning
| In IT, Ia 1909 England complained OF the encroach
ens by the Dutch on her shores and Issued ner proc
lamatlons warning Dutch fishermen from coming into
waters claimed by her as her owr. She qualified
his by saying her Oh not 10 exclude them but
10 regulate the manner OF such hsheries ana tna'
she would annually grant them permit 70 nso Que
wise toey would have TO do 1t by force Against this
the Hoanders protested and continued their hsning tor
nine years during which time England endeaYored 70
obtain recognition of her exclusive right by negOia
ton. She failed IN this. War ensued which continued
| TIL 1854, when Holland, reduced and broken down,
wss compelled to accept terms oil peace 70 w9icn 'nis
right was recognized That treaty authority for
was declared by conquering TO subdued and broken
nation. AL writers national law, he contended laid
il down that the mari line jurisdiction did not extend
beyond threei marine leagues from the coast OF any
nation hence there difficulty Ia arriving At what
was the extent of His Maestys exclusive dominion over
the seas bays, &c on the coast OF North America
The words Of the treaty are full OF meaning. Iney
mean what they saw and are not susceptible of any
other meaning than REIMBURSEMENT OF the right 70
| fsh within three marine miles OF the shore. Ice
Ocean was free 20 all the world except within cet
distance from the shores. The bays or slets OF the
seas were ss free the unless the entrance TO
them be so narrow that 1t ls within six marine nhes
or three miles from each side. Inc Bay oil Fundy,
the straits Of Northumberland, and others In dispute
far exceeded this distance their entrances To CON
slitute private sea belonging to any one na!ion Tue
whole coast Of Il must be the property Of The person
claim ing H. and its outlet must be 80 narrow as not 10
exceed twice the distance OF gUnshot
As these bays &c, were not private seas, nor were
they unier the dominion OF His Majesty IN Iolo, tnsy
were free 10 world except within the distance TOT
the shore named in the treaty. -Four reasons mad oe
given for the course pursued oJ Engiano one 20 ava
ken our slumberDg diplomacy to the subject oil reel
procity another to show the friendship oil the presen
ministry 10 the colonies another to strike terror Oy tn
armed force the population disasced by the failure
establish Railroad from HALIFAX Quebec, and the othe
10 II yoye the nte1 states ia some dipomatc dnncutJ
in which would surrender the privileges heretofore
enjoyed. , - a., t-.i,a5 s,o,e,
in GLOWING England to despoil Nicaragua, essentially
an American state 70 ennsh Costa Rics, which 10
feeling and sentiment was British province and 70
her ,uccess In placing her bankers la our treasury,
and making them dsoursDg sgents OF tue nlted
states Was the case in tue payment OF the install
merits OF the Mexican Indemnity, and ne thought per
kaps INST embodened by this, she wa not alarmed IN
producing crisis 10 involve the ned states 10 OH
dcuty He read a memorial sent TO Mr. Ransoul oy
the fishermen showing the vast Importance OF the
fisheries, the vessels engaged In them, ana the tnou
sands deeply interested Ia the business as showing the
consf queDces which would follow by allowing GrSs
Britain to nfoTce her claim.
He said that nations often became rash and pushed On
10 measures Of consequence, under the impress
,on that whatever they touched would be successful
IL might be that England jealous OF the maritime power
Of the nited States and knowing the spring Oh oui
naval sesmen and the nursery OF our hardy mariners
took this step 10 destroy IT, and thus cripple our 70
sources Emboldt ned ~ her success al NicGagus a.
hereotore epioyed This question was most Important
The signs pOrientous There were Storms an Az
| LIN dnr ahnnId be mai WIN MN