The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-11-04

append and thereby prostitute the name Of economy
is showing itself in various ways in every aot OF our
legislation It's spirit breaks out In all our council
debates, and every measure is valued as it can be
made to show that by it money 10 spared; It's eheot
as stimulating the sources OF wealth are lost sight Of
altogether
the people and their rulers, the advocate Of e1pend
ture scarcely expect TO be listened 10; but as it
has happened before TO. day, that truth though 1T
may DO apparently confuted overlooked is truth
still, and sill eventually receive recognition there
is encouragement 10 the ungracsus task of opposing
erroneous opinions which appear to be entertained
by m0jsrity.
The East India Company's government has been
condemned tor the small portion of its revenue
which II returns to the taxpayers ia the form OF ia
teIns improvements, in comparison to the large
amount expended on it's army and 10 carrying out
its plan of territorial aggrSbdizemert In this re-
sPect, speaking by o0mpaneon, the Ceylon govern
meDt has done Tar greater justice to it's subjects eRd
gladly do We witness 20 the circumstance that it is
recognized article of the potica, faith Of this gov
ernmeDt, and not an occasional boom wrupg from q
closed hand. Bat whilst public opicion there, as
far as it can gain expression desires to open the
hand here IT exerts itself to keep it closed seeking
to diminish the supply down to that psiut where
economy ceases and psrsn,ony begins,
late number of the rfscnd Of India reminds
US, by description, Of al invention the adoption Of
which is begI nDg TO be nearly universal, and has
already received the patronage of that slow
government, the Directors of the East India Com
pary-1e mean the electric telegraph. Our road
ers sre VOL aware, from former extracts, that tho
electric telegraph has been laid down, and now
works satisfactorily between Calcutta and Ksdgs-
REQ, distance ofseventy.one mios, besides another
brsnch ne Of eleven miles from B'shiopore 80 Moy-
apore incis 10 indebred to DR. O'Sbaug messy for
II PRODUCING this wonderful sad wonderfully useful
invention And well may the Friend say, that
''Since tho despatch Of Give, after tho battle of
Paasey, ncing tho conquest Of the three cod
babs, which was The foundation stone OF British
powe in the East document, equal in interest or
INN has lpn thav tad Ia hA
Bengal government announcing the completion and
successful operation of tho telegraph from Calcutta
to KedgeIee
The result of the experiment has been, that Lord
Daihousie has adopted tho bold and judioous plan
Of depntIg DIR O'Shsughnessy to EogiAnd to lay
the statement before the public authorities and, ia
tho text Of the Friend, to submit to them
his proposal for the es ablishmeAt Of the tele-
graph throughout tho country Inerder TO
connect the various cities OF India by series
Of electric telegraphs, 80 that communication
may he held between places the most remote from
each other, IL few hours, We appear to require
the following distinct lines :-Caloutta to Agra,
900 mites; Agra to Smlsh, 300 miles Sinlah to
Lahore, $50 miles Agra to Bombay, $50 miles I;
Bon bay to Madras via lily drabad, $50 miles /; CAL
cutts to Moumein via Chittsgong and Sandawsy,
across Pegu, $40 miles $500 miles Say 1000
les at $50 the mile, or % lskhs of rupees, to
which if We add three lakhs for river crossings and
contingencies, we shall have total outlay of
quarter of million sterling for tho most important
and the most magnificent undertaking that WAS
ever Contemplated in Asia from tho flood to the
present time The oest Of working the line is GAL.
culated at 500 Rs. month for each station, Of
which it is proposed to place one average at
the distance Of hundred miles Forty such esta-
blishments will. there fore. require sum Of 20 900
re-. month, or Goo rs. day for the whole OF India,
and as DIR. O'shaughDsssy proposes to fix tho
charge for private communication at the moderate
rate OF sixteen words OF two lables each tor the
rupee, we shall only require 600 such messages .
day from the entire community in India, from
vvu,As nj Lib "a has ov.I
Madras, and the intermediate stations to this
expense. Is not the community moro likely to
quIie thousand messages day.
Our object in noticing this grand Undertaking is
TO chow what difficulties there were and how they
were overcome, the cost Of the experiment, and pro-
oable cost of these undertakings generally We will
therefore appond these rs We find them in the
Fyaend.-
:. From Calcutta to Rsjnoolla, the conductor iI
laid under ground, in . GENE Mt of melted rosn and
sand, and it is q fye-eighth inch rod. From that
village through the remaining distance to Hedge
rec, IT is carried over ground on bamboo poles,
fifteen feet high coated with GOAL, tar, and pitch,
and strengthened n. various distances by posts of
saul wood, teak, and iron wood from America The
bamboo posts found to resist storms which have
upro0ted tIeos the growth of centuries Iu the
storm of of the 23d October last, which drove Two
steamers ashore, the bamb0os bent gracefully to the
eleme ntS, ana then resumed their erect position.
Though the bamboo soon decays, yet its amazing
che apness makes the of il more economical than
that Of more durable and more costly m sterials.
The branch road from Bishlopore to Mcyapore
passes through a swamp; the country is little less
than . lake for five months; the conductor
the foot paths between the island villages and for
some miles rice swamps, creeks and jeels on
which no road embsnkment exists. The most
difficult and objectionable line was selected to test
the practicable ofcarryiBg the conductors through
swampy ground, and it has been perfectly success.
full. The Huldee river crosses the Kedeeree limo
halfway and varies in breadth from 4, 200 to $500
feet. gutta peroha wire secured in the angles Of
n oh cAhl In All md nd Tia riya
and the chain is found to afford perfect protection
from the grapnells of the heavy native boats which
are constantly passing up and down.
The Overground lines differ t0.aily from those ia
ufe in England aud America, or any other country,
in this important Tespeot-n0 wire is used. In
stead Of wire, thick iron rod, three eighths inch
diameter, ton to milo, is adop.ed-the heavest
wire elsewhere used being only cwt. to the mile
The advantages Of these substantial rods ara these
they possess . complete immunity from casts Of
wind, or ordinary mechaD cal violence If accidsn-
tally thrown down, they are not injured, though
passengers, bullocks, buea0es, and elephants may
trample on them; they are not easily broken or
bent; owing to the mass Of metals they give so free
passage to the electric currents, that insulation
10 necessary they are attached from bamboo to BAN
boo without any protection, and they work without
interruption through deuges of rain; the thickness
OF the wire allows of their being placed the post,
without any occasion for the stra,ning and winding
apparatus, whereas the tension Of wires exposes
them to fracture occasions expense in construction,
and much difficulty in repairs; the thick rods also
admit Of rusting to take place, without danger to
an extoDt which would be fatal to wire; and lastly,
the rods are costly than thin wire, and the
Welding occasions no difficulty On several occe
stems. one village forge, carried by two coolies-s
been found sufficient for welding mils of likely
working day The rods, moreover, are nss m sh %
to be Injured by crows or monkey~ rousa tne
kites and crows perch oa the In. srrrospon'
svamPs, bu. they cause no Sf lightning stru,i
a tsn mes through Their Of them The
the wet rod and kyfuy appreciated in ccuO Of
Importance of tbs the line mus. often RIM ~
roo foas over witness tenanted BY savage beasts
~ nn Hs ,sge men. The lines must therefore
or rods y 'ne use OF Z
,The most difficult experiment on the linz s,o,.
alcut,a to kedseree was that OF cf0ssins .;n1
ooRhly. chain of I.jnch .;~c- --sio - o1anS
i'd across the river which will, doubtless, sink in
any places below the reach Of anchors, where the
81 IA of soft mud hut there will be contingencies