The daily union., 1852-03-11
CONGRESSIONAL.
srEEc a OF mR. SEWARD,

O Nr Clarkss Resolutions The subject of Non later.
psntioa; del,pered in ths Senate Didrei 9, 1882
Ma. PREsIDENr: Writers on law teach us that States
are ree independent, and equal moral persons. existing
lar he objects OF happiness and usefulness, and possess
og rights and subject TO duties defined by the law OF ma.
tnTe which is system OF politics and morals founded in
ght reason; that the only difference between politics and
morals is that regulates the operations OF govern
nent while the other directs the conduct OF individuals
and that the maylms OF both are the same that two
sovereign States may be subject TO prince and yet be
mutually independent. that nation becomes free by the
art N ia ruler when he exceeds the fundamental laws
that when any power, whether domestic foreign, at
emps 10 deprive State OF independence of liberty il
NAV lawfully take counsel OF It's courage and prefer be-
oTe the certainty OF scvitude the chances of destruction
that each nation i bound TO do 10 every other in time OF
peace the most good, and in time OF the least harm
possble, consistently with It's own real interests that
while this is an imperfect obligation, Of which no State
can exact performance, any one has right 10 use
nsaceiu means, and force if necessary to repress
power that openly violates the law OF nations and d-
ec,y attacks their common welfare and that although
henees Of universal society require mutual intercourse
between States can nevertheless be conducted by those
oBy who in their respective nations possess and exercise
in fact adequate political powers
Austria being situated in central Europe with only an
inconsderabe seaport have known little of her. ex
cept that she was one OF The Oldest and most energetic
and inexorable members of that combination of States
which, under the changing names OF " the allied powers,
"ihe Holy League" and 'lhe holy alliance" and with
the unchanging preence Of devotion to order and religion,
have Than halt century opposed and resisted every
where the reforming and benign principles OF the Amer
can revolution
Hungary after having been in ages past the heroic de-
fender of Christian Europe against the armies OF lsam
and afterwards the chvalrous guardian OF Austria from
the usurpalons of Prussia and France. seemed near
century ago disappear, and only four years since came
again on the stage. and challenged part in the drama
OF nations She occupied region within the Austrian
empire with fifteen millions OF people, of whom the
Magyars-a that had inherited freedom, arts and
arms--were one-lhrd, while the remainder Ger.
MANS Serbs, and Walachans, and the two latter classes
were debased and virtually ensaved by feuda customs
and laws. Under the constitution given to her by an
ancient King, ST Stephen. Hungary limited mon
archy and an absolutely independent State Beginning
however in 1880, she elected for her Kings the
svc reigning Dukes OF the House of Hapsburg Lorraine
for period of one hundred and fifty years, and then
gave them succession TO her throne by law of Inherit
ante. Nevertheless fundamental laws enacted by Hun
gary and accepted by the Austrian dynasty. defined the
The two States, declaring that the King should
have no powers before coronation-that he could be
crowned only on signing compact and swearing an
oath TO sustain The constitution. usages and laws of
Hungary, by virtue OF which she was free and inde
PENDENT State, and that she could be bound by no royal
edics DEGREES, but only by laws passed by her own
nel or Legislature, and sanctioned by the King,
Hungary was always as independent OF Russia we
Such, MIR. President, was The condition of Hungary
10 March, lsis Now she has neither constitution, nor
King, nor Diet national functions, nor national or
gaus nor independence nor liberty, nor law but lies
poStrae at the feet OF the Austrian Emperor and re-
his absolute DEGREES from The point Of the sword
Who has wrought this melancholy and fearful change
I'M country that bad used It's liberty noby, and had
kept il so long We shalt soon see.
In February, ISIS, the hungarian Diet while revising
and neorang their domestic laws, learned by the ele
gapblc wires that republic had risen in Paris, and that
Constitutional government was about to rise in Vienna.
A7aIiug themselves OF these propitous circumstances,
they decreed the establishment OF independent national
treasury, resident paaline or vceroy and responsible
hungarian mnisty--instituons equally necessary just,
aud constitutional hungary received the royal sanction
Of these ures with conten,men and satisfaction at
The very moment when only her word wanting TO
subve the empire. Three days afterwards the Germans
Obtained constitution the hands OF the Emperor who
inns haram i'm tied m in his
as he had always been in Hungary The Hungarian
Diet reformed the social and political condition of
The Siae and abolshng feudasm but not without just
compensation they established equality OF taxation repre-
senlation, suffrage, and all legal rights among all
and classes lhroughouthe kingdom and on the nth of
April the Emperor crowned this noble and benehcent
work by an edC approving and confirming the new laws
"WOni Tor word"
A party OF reaction, not Hungarian but Austrian, on
goundess preences, omenied lnsurrectioD in the Hun
galan provinces Of Servia and Walachia, and inas-
much as tyranny, when Panic-stIuck cannot but be per-
hdous, The Emperor violating the constitution and laws
appointed the chief nsgaor. the Baron Jelachich. TO
The office OF Ban Governor OF the sedous districts
Hungary demonstrated, and the Emperor disavowed the
bsuueeon, denounced and deposed the Ban, and called
Tie safety OF the kingdom Nevertheless the traitor, pr
valley assured by the monarch, entered the territory of
me Magyars with 10000 men, and, receiving there SIX
auxiliary imperial regiments, proceeded towards the Hun.
galan capital marking his way with nhumanty shock.
hgo descnbe-burylng live men, and Staying women
without mercy, and even children without Temorse In
VIZ st OF tcse effofst the Emperor, Tue Crowned anu
Constitutional King OF Hungary, rejected the defensive
avs which at his instance the Diet had passed, re
stored 10 the invading chief his dgnites and suspend
hs ihe fundamental laws, proclaimed him now not
merely Ban OF the nsuIgent provinces, but supreme dc
AlI OF all Hungary Then rang throughout that land
Sehknown yOlce-a voice that tyrsnt had once sted
N 'hite yeats IN Austrian dungeon and that IN its
h had made that tyrant take refuge in the suberranean
vaults q Schoenbrunn, and in the mountain Businesses
o. ihe lyjo-a that has since been heard by all
naohs Ia tones sad yet bold, and IN language solemn
g' chegng aud prophec, II predicted that this treason
" ue htng would work out the independence OF
ale Magyar State, and closed with the appeal, " To
ANS y arms!-eyery 10 arms And let the
% %myhen dg deep grave between Neszprem and Feh-
IVA, 70 wnlch TO bury either the name fame, and
s"a1Ilai'V OF Hungary, or our enemy The sons oil
uld rose as man. the Diet took its firm resolve,
e ministry executed il, and the nallon orgauzed almost
~ cay and appointed and supplied soon, by the
sI'ua sIua winch had unnoned il 10 the field, met defeat
"nl chased The invader TO the very walls OF Vienna,
@ ' WeIe sat down and waited, unhappy IN vain, the
1leeieu hslng OF the German republicans for the
tiVrhfow Of the empire The Constitutional Assembly
auaha although cheered by popular victories yacil
u, ana then OF course covered, and al last, amid the
H"aloh oi The patriots, abandoned the easy revolu-
' ou' hGngaty was thus left alone Her constitutional
vac and oath embarrassed the Emperor. lie there.
@ ~ ieSgned and his youth OF seventeen-sprang
W. zoe throne, spurning the hateful ceremonies OF
uegaan coronanon aud irampling the constitution OF
NJ NWphen into the earth Nine armies al once entered
l0gafy on vatious Sides instructed 10 complete its
Nl15aton BY concentrating the banks of the fheiss
wy one Of them reached that beautiful All were
Saa'led, routed, and repused and the 10Th day OF
p.n, lsl0-only year after the nation had become
~ Wy The act OF her pfince-ihe Diet deposed and ban
ud The House of Hapsburg pronounced the connexion