The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-03-10
THlRTY-SECOND CONGRESS.
FIRST SESSION.
TUESDAY, March 9, 1852.
SENATE.
EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS.


States minister at Mexico, relative 10 the cemetery
which has been purchased in the neghborhood OF
that city for place OF sepulture for the remains OF
those officers and soldiers who died were killed
in that vicinity during the late war, or such
American citizens may thereafter die there.
Also a copy of the report Of the agent who super
intended the work, stating that II will require from
$4,000 or s 600 10 carry into full effect the oh.
jeCt OF prior appropriation. Read and referred
10 the Committee on Finance.
The CHAIR also laid before the Senate report
from the Secretary of the Territory Of Minnesota,
enclosing copies of the legislative acts and pro
ceedngs of the General Assembly Of that Territory;
which was referred TO the Committee on the'Ierr
tories.
The CHAIR alec laid before the Senate report
from the Secretary OF the Treasury, in reply 10 a
resolution of the Senate, enclosing copy OF a geo
logica! survey of California.
AID TO THE COLLINS LINE.
MIR. DAVIS presented several petitions from diff
ferent places IN Massachusetts, asking that add
tional aid be extended 10 the Collins line OF
steamers.
EXTENSION OF PATENTS.
Messrs JAMES, BRADBURY, and others, pre-
scented circumstances against the further exten
sion of Woodworths patent for planning machine,
and Parker patent for an improvement IN water
wheels.
ASSISTANT Postmaster GENERAL.
Mr.. RUsK reported joint resolution authoriz
ing the appointment of another Assistant Post
master General.
CONVERSATION FOR TAKING THE CENSUS.
Mr.. PRATT, from the Committee on Claims, to
whom had been referred numerous memorials from
assistant marshals OF the United States for taxi g
the census, asking additional compensation, re-
ported adversely thereon.
GENERAL TALcoTT.
On motion by Mr.. SHIELDS, the Committee on
Military Affairs, TO whom had been referred the
memorial of Brevet Brigader General Ialcou IN
relation to the Of court martial by which
he RI $500 hp
the further consideration OF the same
SALARIES or NAVAL OFFICERS.
Mr.. DAVIS submitted the following resolution,
which was considered and agreed to-
Resolced That the Committee on Finance be in
sructed TO inquire into the expediency OF increas-
ing the compensation of the deputy naval officers
in some OF the principal ports OF the United States
THE ''AMIsTAD" CLAIMS.
Mr. MASON submitted the following resolution,
which W ar considered and agreed to.
Resolrsd That the Committee on Foreign Rela
tons be instructed 10 inquire into the propriety and
Justice of providing by law pursuant 10 the recon-
,nendation Of former Presidents OF the United
States and last by President Polk in his message
of the 18th December, lS4 for payment OF the claim
there mentioned arising to certain Spanish sub
ects in the case of the schooner ''Amstad,
SUFFRAGE OREGON.
MIR ATcHIsos's resolution, directing an inqui'
~ into the propriety OF so amending the law as TO
authorize the people of Oregon to elect their own
CENSUS PRINTING.
The following resolution, submitted YESTERDAY
by Mr. BAyARD, was considered and agreed To:
Rtsolred, That the plan for the publication oil
the returns of the census as exempllhed In relation
20 the State OF Maryland, which has been submit
ted to the Senate be referred to select committee
of FIVE for revision, who shall examine and report
what alteration should be made therein before the
same is ordered to be printed
The CHAIR authorized to appoint the com
mittee
ocEAS POSTAGE
The resolution submitted yesterday by Mr..
SUMNER, concerning ocean postage, was taken up
and amended, and adopted as follows
Rfsolrtd That the Committee on the Post once
and Post Ro1ds be directed 10 inquire whether
the resent cnarges letters carried by the ocean
lines Of steamers are not unnecessarily large aud
burdensome TO foreign correspondence, ana whe.
ther something may not be done, and II 30, what
10 secure the great boon OF cheap ocean postage.
sALK OF PUBLIC LANDS FOR INTERNAL IMPROVE
MEsTs.
Mr. HUNTER introduced bill cedng the pub
nc lanes 10 the States in which they lie for the
purposes Of constructing railroads and canals.
The bill gives to the State a presumption right
IN the lands IL authorizes them to take all OF
tbese lands which have been in the market for ten
wears at the minimum rate OF 5 p per acre; Tor
those which have been IN the market over ten
years and less than twenty years, $ per acre;
and seventy. five cents per acre for ali other
lands
BOUNTY LASD SAILORS.
Mr.. STOCKTON introduced bill granting 10
the officers sailors and others OF the naval service
of the United States. bounty land for services dur
ing the Mexican war.
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS..
On motion by Mr. CLARKE, and after some de-
hate the Senate proceeded TO the consideration OF
inc Joint resolutions OF Mr. CLARKE, and the pro
posed amendment thereto, COT MIR, sEwARp') ana
The substitute therefor moved 10y Mr.. Cas-.
Mr. SEWARD said Writers law teach us
that states are free independent, and equal moral
ncrsons existing for the objects oi happiness and
usefulness. and possessing rignts ana SUBJECT 70
duties defined by the law OF nature, which s sys-
TEN of politics and morals founded IN right reason;
dat the only difference between politics and NOR
al, IA that one res uiates the operations OF govern
meut while the other directs she conduct OF lndi-
yiduals and that the maxims Oi both are the same;
,bat two sovereign States may be subject 10 one
prince, and yet be mutually independent that 4
nation becomes free by the act Of its ruler "hen nc
c,reeds the Fundamental laws that when any
mower, whether domestic or foreign, attempts to
depriye State Of independence or OF liberty, II
nav lawfully take counsel OF its courage, and pre-
fer before the certainty Oi seTVtude me chances o
destruction that each nation ls bound to do To
every other 10 time Of peace the nost good and IN
time Of war the least harm possible consistently
with it, own real interests that, while tins u an
imperfect obligation, Of which no state can exact a
,erformauce any one has right 70 use peaceful
5ne ans and even force II necessary, to repress a
now. that openly violates the law OF nauons, ana
directly attacks their common welfare; aud that,
while IN. interests Of universal society require mu-
t1ai intercourse between States, IT can neverthe-
lees be conducted by those only who in their re-
soecuve nations possess and exercise IN fact ade
quate political powers.
Austria being situated in Central Europe, with
,rIv an uncomfortable seaport, We have known
LITTLE Of her, except that she was one OF the Oldest
and most energetic and inencrable members .
that combination Of States which, under th
changing names Of The Allied PoweTs -" Th
Holy League" and " The Holy Alliance an'
sith the exchanging pretence OF devotion L
order end religion, have more than hall cen
l,rv oopCsed and resistsd everywhere the reform
ing and benign principles Of The American Revo
luton. "a
ae then rave q history Of Hungary, and Of he
r,ccs--the Msgyars, Germans, Serbs, anu w al
lsebians the Magy2rs race that had inhcnte
freedom. arts ana arsnsi the Serbs and a.
lachians we're debased snt virtually eDslayed b
feudal customs and laws UnGec the ccnsttutio
given 20 her by an ancient King, 81. btepnei
Hungary was limited monarchy, ana an aosC
iutelv independent State Hungary was away
As independent Of Rus-ia = are. Such was w
condition Of Hungary in March, lS4-. Vow ~
has neither constitution, nor king nor olet, h'