The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-12-13
The Census Report /.

| We complete our abstracts OF the documents
presented to Congress in connection with the
Presidents message, by gathering together in
! brief form the most important OF the facts which
the Superintendent of the Census has embodied
in his report. The document is evidence Of
his unwearied industry in the prosecution of
the labor entrusted to him, and embraces par
ticuars of deep interest to all classes of readers.
1t displays the present physical condition of the
Republlc--its progress in population, industry,
| and wealth-the extent and variety of its re
sources supplying figures which serve to cor
rect many erroneous impressionson these points,
and suggesting inquiries into matters that have
as yet received little attention.
The rate Of increase of the population of the
| United States during the last sixty years has
been about 81 per cent. per annum; that of
Great Britain during the last fifty years l.37
per cent In Ireland, from 1921 to lS4l, the
increase was about the rate Of per cent. per
annum, while during the ten succeeding years
there was decrease at the rate of per cent.
per annum From 1910 to 1850, the popula-
ton of the United States increased from some.
what more than II ,O00,O to oyer % ,OOO, 600.
| or SO per cent; the increase in Great Britain
leaving Ireland out of view-beng at the rate
Of IL per cent.
In the United States the houses occupied by
| free persons number 1868 ,427; the houses in
Great Britain amount to 1900 ,437. Belgium,
with a population of about five millions, has
about 800, 900 houses.
| OF the free inhabitants of the United States,
l7,736,792 are natives of the soil; 2,2lO,828
were born in foreign countries; and there are
80 ,226 whose nativity has not been ascertained.
The proportion of foreign-born persons is there
fore much smaller than it has been generally
supposed to be; being, in fact, but ] .O6 per
cent of the whole free population. The whole
natives of Ireland in this country in 1850 was
96l ,7l9; of Germany, 1925; Of England,
27S, CTS; of British America, l47 700; of Scot
land, 7O,55O; of France, $4,000; of Wales,
%, 1863 Of the foreign-b born inhabitants,
,965, 81 reside in the free States, and 245,3lO
in the slave States. Not less than 4,ll2,433
| free persons have migrated from the States of
their birth and settled in others. Vermont and
Connecticut have contributed most largely to
the settlement of other parts of the country.
Virginia has in this way lost 1886, 900 of her
natives; North Carolina, 26l SIS; and South
Carolina fifty nine per cent. of her free popu-
| latiOn.
There are 9,09l white mutes in the United
States, and 632 colored; 9,702 blind persons,
of whom ,705 are colored; 1898 who are
insane, including 32l free colored and 29l
slaves; 1906 idiots, of whom 436 are free
coored, and ,O40 slaves.
The paupers are set down at 1874 ,972, of
whom 6S ,538 were of foreign birth; large
number of the others being free persons of color.
The entire cost of the support of these individu-
ais during the year preceding June, 1850, was
s., 1854 ,SO6. The number actually receiving
relief on the LIST June was 1853.
The criminals convicted during the same
year numbered $1,000; $4,000 being native
and 1000 foreign born.
About 1000, 900 youth were receiving in
struc,ion on LIST June, 1850, occupying nearly
100000 colleges and schools, and employing
more than | Is, 900 teachers.
The average annual mortality in the United
States is 1888 per cent, being in the ratio of
to 70 of the number living. The New Eng
land States give a ratio of mortality in the
number living of l to "a; the Middle States,
with Ohio. to 72; the central slave States,
to 73; coast planting States, to Is; North
western States, | to so. We do not accept
these figures as indicating precisely the rela-
tive salubrity of the different portions of the
Union. The new States are settled chiefly by
persons in the prime of life; while the older
States compare unfavorably simply because Of
the emigration from the ranks of their youthful
population. Taking the data as given, the an
nual deaths per cent. in Massachusetts,, on an
average of all ages, is slightly more than that
in England; in Maryland the average is less.
The real and personal estate owned by resi-
dents in the United States is valued at more
than $7,l33, 369,725. The wealth of New
York is estimated at $l,0s0, 309,2l6; Penn
sylvania, $722, 4S6, 1870; Massachusetts. $751;
342, 2s6; Ohio, 1904 ,726. 100; Virginia, $780,
| 7Ol ,OS2; Georgia, $685., 425,7l4; Kentucky,
| 1901 ,638 ASS South Carolina, $685., 257 ,G9S;
Louisiana, $233 1908. 764; Mississippi, $685.
95l 100; Alabama, 1928, 304 1892; North Caro-
lima, $226. sOO.472; Maryland, $2l9,2l7 1864;
| lnuldHA, l,OcoySOf, lcuuSooCcS p~ol XIV
CSC; New Jersey, 5000, 10000 The other
States range from $l56, ,006 QlIinois) to
$1S ,652, O53, (Delaware3 the District of Co
umba having $l4, Ols,s74 assigned to it.
The churches in the several States number
36,Oll, and there are 2l0 in the District of
Columbia and the Territories the total value of
church property being $S6.4l6,639, one-half
of which isowned in New York, Massachusetts,
and Pennsylvania. Indiana, Florida, Della
ware, and Ohio have the greatest number of
churches in proportion to the population, while
the proportion is least in California, Louisiana,
and Iowa. The average number that each
church in the Union will accommodate is 1884.
The cash value .of the farming land in the
United States is So, 270, 1888 ,093, and of farm.
ing implements and machinery $751; 900, 900.
The aggregate of improved land is Is, 457 ,622
acres. In New York and Pennsylvania there