The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-10-18

sugar.
We copy the following remarks % Besssmer's
>evnecess, from The M rai~g ChrontHe Of Lsuden.
uuicr the belief thae il would be interesting to
those Of our readers Who engaged in gro wirg
and refining this important article Of domestic
The new processes are four fold in their charae
comprising, first, rev mode Of obtaintag tho
saccharine juice from the cane /; secondly . new
mode Of defeating aud hlteriog the juice 80 OBJ
tanned; thirdly, the boiling and concentrating Of tho
juice and, fourtbly, the cry stsll,sation and dns
curing Of the sugar the varied processes are be
seen 1t . model sugar bouse. at the works Of Mr..
Bessemer, Bsxter. house. Old st. Pancras Road,
London by the first impro 10 the c0nstruo-
tsn o. the cane press, difference in the yield OF tue
cane IL obtained, as compared With the old rolling
mill, Of about twenty per cent. la the new mscnine
tho pressing tubes are reduced 10 length from 30
inches to H. the first four Of ~hch are parallel, and
three inches wide-- the DexS four inches OF their
length being taper, ana terminating with width
Of but IA inch, the smaller contracted point extend
ing AS far as the exit end Of the tube. BY this
change of form the entire removsl Of tho elasticity
in the images occupying the tubes is removed,
and after the has been collapsed bv the severe
pressure and its breadth at the time gradually
lessened, every fibre and cell Is made to aew
relative posi,ioasnot a,ns unru ptured, and
decreased quantity IF the juice is consequently
expelltd st the trough In addition to this advan-
tage, there is obviously a equal distribution
Of power in each revolution Of the machine; the
deleteyieus chorcpayl, OF coorieg matter, of the
cutter portion Oh The cane IS not expsilei with the
juice, as in the ordiuary apparatus; the maohiue
NAV he more eesily ted, and weighs co1si6o ~ ,ly
less than rolling machines generally in use.
The juice when expelled FROM the cane is uuiyoii-
ably mixed with numbefess minute fragments of
cellular tissue, nlbumen. aud other extraneous mat
ters, which, ii not spteuy removed, tend TO oduce
the scdfcation of tue liquid. At this stage comes
in the second OF the possesses Invented by Mr..
Bessener. The present ode of defeoaton and
filtration cor ssts III raising the temperature OF the
liquor to 100 deg Fahrenhelt, when quantity OF
lime is thrown in for the purpose of tsing the
free acid. and assisting in the cosgulation of tho
albumen the temperature is increased to lS0 deg
Fahrenheit, when after allowing time for settling,
tho scam ID removed, and the clear liquor drawn
of into the grand copper, where it is subjected
TO . boiling heat, when the teculent and other
albxniuous matters are kept constantly removed
rifles removed, the gr.ster will be the brightness
and value of the finished product Ia the new pro-
Gees the juice passes through wire strainer direct
from the spout OF the mill into the CHARTERS,
where it 10 raised to boiling heat by the Applicant
Of steam ut which temperature it is kept for about
three minut<s, by which line the whole Of it's albu-
minous constituents and teculent matters will have
been o0sgUlated ard hemically separated, but will
Of course, still remain mechanically mixed, and in
the form Of light flock, pervade the entire bulk of
the fluid These substances then efectu Ally re-
moved by process similar to that employed in the
manufacture of paper. drum of about two feet
in diameter and from four to five feet in length is
made TO revolve slowly in small semi circular tray
vessel This drum is covered With fine wire cloth,
through which the wster forces its way, leaving
muddy coating OF extraneou5 matters on the outer
side, which, coming in contact, as it revolves with
. fixed soraper. SIMILAR in principle to the doctor
employed 10 calico printing, is made to fall off in
state something like Dry mud into receptacle pre-
pared for it. The process is selfacting 1t takes in
its own supply OF foul liquor frem an elevated cs-
tern, delivers the Gear juice into the evaporating
pan, ard discharges the refuse as we have already
stated.
Up to this stage the advantages obtained must be
evident to all Who acqusinted with this inter-
ostng branch Of mar ufscture. The liquor being re-
ceived direct from The press avoids the necessity Of
tho ase Of liquor pumps: the clarifers noe being
used as subsaing vessels, not required to be 50
large; the loss of juice in the removal Of scum aud
IN the sediment is prevented; the use of the 'mont
JUS is rendered unnecessary; the coagulation of tue
albuninous matter is mote rapidly obtained; the
evapsysting process may follow Immediately after
the pressing Of the canes and finally the selicleans
ing filter performs its work much bettcr than any
continuous process OF SIX mining, and renders unne
ceGsary that watchiul attendance which is now so
imperstiye,y necesssry in order to obtain the re-
guirod biightIess and color Of the sugar The
saving Of manual labor by these improvements is
self evident.
On the various modes Of boiling and concentrating
the juice At present in use whether by series Of
semi- glcbuar paIs the va'uu pan, Gadsden's pan,
or the apparatus of Mr.. Crossley or Mr. Schroeder,
1t IL not necessary TO speak, the principle in
volved in ana all Of them being the sa ne-that
of evaporatipg the fluid from the sdcchsrine matter.
The inventor Of the process now under considera-
tOB, c0ntenus III all eNtstlDg arrangements
for the separation Of the water fro the sugar boil
ing under any form, the Of surfaces or pipes
heated by steam, must be totally excluded il the
formation Of molasses IL TO be prevented. Il is a
we'll established fact that thermometer placed in
solution heated by steam the direct action of
ira euinishes no indication of the temperature to
which !. he Bqnid liz exposed. a. a vast amount Of
ater laas IS absorbed by the fluids in their forma-
tioa iuta stow To the forgetfuiness ofthis simple
aot are 70 be tra ID many of the fatal mistakes at
nresent cconac.ad -. the manufacture of sugar.
Thus, while the tenpe-> 'ure Of the syrup during
ebuliiton in vacuum pan in % low Poruaps
y ioo degrees Fahrenheit the COZ. anti. hrarrnt
a.cn portions OF the sugar are conss so degrees
~ ~ oont.ct, Is equal to and often above he d.
tahrsuheit; the consequence of which is 4. w
sruction OF the color, and injury to the crys>
IN powers OF the sugar By an arrangement
snlcn Mr bessemer terms hot air evaporator, the
0nceh'raLion OF saccha,iRe fuids may now, how
yer, 90 ELECTED without the slightest injury to
., no or queiity, ard In an inHeased quantity.
Ans apparatus eonsists of tank Of thin plate |
-or q, about ten feet by eight feet, and two and |
I,Sad 20 20 form two parallel seg ,ns Of cyl
- Above these AID couc;deDt nth them is q
hollow dram Of eghtse inches IN diameter, mounted
N an axis, and upon which is .ormed broad spiral
.s,ssa Of which l. about fifteen inches IN depth,
ma the oonvolutiops three quarters Of an inch
apa,t and between each Of the blades or threads OF
the screw holes IRE formed sprally from one end oil
drum, air, supplied by blowing fan. and heated to
one hundred and Fifty degrees, by passing along
que, is msde to enter, which escapes through the
holes in the drum in . radsl direction, and sweeps
like the hot breath Of the simeon over tno wet sur
faces Of the various revolving blades, abSorbs the
moisture thus exposed its action ard passes Oh IN
an invisible vspor Upwards of six thousand square
feet of evsYoratng surface is thus ob'alned IN toe
snsn space of ten feet by eight feet Inc screws
make about eight revolu ions per minute, aud as
they revove the more concentrated portions OF the
auid are wsshed Of as they descend into the mud,
and fresh portions are being constantly brought up
subjected to the hot air blast. Finally, after
three or four hours, the whole Of the surplus
liquor il carried off; the remaining fluid is
sufficiently concentrated and assumes a timex gelA-
tinous appearance and the acrew, made to revolve
In the opposite direction, expels the solution from
the tank ready for the process Of CRY sazation ny