The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-01-06

OF the great necessities OF life exported from Eng
land to America s. per cent under the tariff of 1872
and 20 per cent under the tariff of 1916. (Hear,
hear Now, when you bear in mind that from the
organization Of our government under our constitu
tioh Of l7SS, do to December, 1915, no American
Secretary bad ever dared to propose the abandon
ment Of protective duties, it must, think, be con-
ceded that the change made by single step was
great and important. (Applause) Under the
tariff as it then stood, there was scarcely an article
manufactured Of cotton that the manufacturers Of
this day could have exported to the United States.
With duties ranging from IL to 20 per cent they
would soon have become-in fact, they were becom-
nss1s RGhV ssl we S' these ss
some Of the results. as ! have noted them
from the statistical tables Of the United States,
Of what has been the effect produced in that
last year Of the tariff Of 1872 were $ll3, 49,
SIG; in 1851, under the tariff Of 1916, they were
SlS5.S yS, $50. (Hear) Our revenue the last year
Of the tariff OF 1872 was $50 0OO the last year,
(Hear) Thus, while we have reduced our duties
in this enormous ratio by one single step, our re-
venue already is nearly doubled. clear, hear
Our tonnage in 1885, 2562, 200 tons, in 1851 it
1912 to 1916 were sol Ooo tons, from 1916 to 1850
they were $50 600 tons. Our railroads built from
1872 to 1876 We're 1902 miles; f-om 1916 to 1851 the
length of railroads bui t was nearly 5000 miles.
Our coastwiseFtonnage in 1916 was III 900 tons;
in 1850 it was |, i31 900 tons. (Hear) And here,
gentlemen, let me call your attention to the last
tive items. 1t is said by the protectionsts in the
country, that although your foreign trade may
greatly augment you will overwhelm and destroy
your internal commerce and industry. Well, now,
the extent of that internal commerce is exhibited
by the increase of our railroad, and the coastwise
tonnage; because 1t is our railroads and the coast.
wlse vessels that carry the products OF our internal
industry from State to State and from city to city
Instead OF this prediction being realized, that this
decrease of duties, although it might increase our
foreign trade, would destroy cur internal commerce,
precisely the reverse has been the fact, and
our railroads and coastwse tonnage, indi Eating
the progress Of internal commerce and
industry, have increased in a ratio unprece-
deDted stree we were nation. (Hear) Now,
gentlemen, | will show the partciI alton which
you have had in some Of these results, because
| believe there is perfect identity of inter-
esis between England and Amerisa (applause;) that
the more prosperous We are, and the r.ore able will
we be to purchase, and the better price will we be
able to give for your manufactures. CLEAR, hear
And again, the more pros. erous England is, the
more will You be able to purchase our cotton, our
and other agricultural products. (Hear.) The
American tonnage entered in the United States
during the year ending Iune 30, 1850, 573, 900
tons the foreign tonnage which entered our ports
during the same time was goo tons, Of which
there was OF BIRTHS $50 900 tons that is four ths
OF all the foreign tonnage of the world, which
tered the United States under the reduced tariff of
1850, was British Tonnage (hear, hear)-showing,
gentlemen that you fully participated in the beHc-
fits OF the great change that has been effected by
the reduction OF our duties 1t was the same thing
with the tonnage which cleared from the United
States. The total American tonnage which
cleared out in the year 2 632 coo tons; foreign
LIS, GOO tons, of which there British 100000
tons. Clear, hear) Free trade, then, gentle
men, may be truly styled the true means of per-
petusting peace between the two countries Cloud
cheers), because il has brought the flags Of Eng
!als ard America together upon the shores of both
countries, ard re. united their commerce and in
dusry. Clear, hcar) Well, gentlemen, the
Rtfff . lint No pifa in
year 1850 announced to II 600 rersons, and of those
which cleared from the United States the crews
tLat wee British amounted to 20 600. The ex-
por % from the United states in 1870 amoun!etto
SIJl els eco, and our imports ISIS l3S,OOO Now,
OF oil our imports, there we're from the bfiAsh en-
pire $50 lO7 Geo, ard OF exports, TO the British
euIie there we've SSs, 1855, COO. The combined i'm
ports and exports from the British empire to
America, and from America to tho British empire,
I'd, in $780, TO the OF Si65, $4,000. But,
gentlemen, in 1851 the augmentation is still greater.
i have not the results of how much came to each
particular country, but have the results Of the
whole; and If the proportion was az great TO each
and have no doubt it was greater-it would make
aggro gate Of the imports and exports fcom
the British empire to America, and from America
to the British empire, Of &2ll ,5i3 600 in the single
year OF leol (Applauso such, gentlemen, are The
great might say the gganti results that have
been produced by the reciprocal action OF England
ard America in the .3duc.ion and repeal Of duties;
il has raised the reciprocal commerce of each with
clear, hear) Now, gentlemen, in relation TO
cotton; Why, gentlemen, have the honor of adj
dressing the honoTed representatives present Of
city which manufactures more of our cotton than
any other city in tho woId-not merely in this
country, lut even III our own country. The city Of
Manchester manufactures and consumes more than
onethiid greater than any other city Ia the world
Of the cotton Of the United States. Aud, gentle
men, your total exports of cotton manufactures
from Great Britain, In 1850, amountedto G2S2j2,
600 sterling, and the total amount Of our manu-
features OF cot on for tie year 1900 amounted TO
G52, CC0,CC0. sterling. (Heai) Such, gentlomen,
is the vast, the i'm portant trace that las grown
up between England and America, MS represented
by the erg article Of cotton, which is grown by
us and manufactured by You. Gentlemen, the
nun beTs Of hands employed in the united king.
dom on the 9th Of August, 1850, 10 cotton fac.
torils alone we're 30 10 persons Add 70 thGt your
crevG e. gcgod Ia Our commerce, ~ 900; those Gu
gageo Ia other empiOJmeLts connected via the
Tfiied States 200 600; making a total Of COS 900.
Aidr vi Yrrro>e 'la' onch &C those persoas out
.,l..s.G,,. > 'abi - 'a',", would make the