Daily American telegraph., 1852-08-19

full to an interest so near to himself and the
constituency to whom he chiefly owes the long
public life which he has enjoyed. A distin-
guished artist of our country has enriched our
academies with a national painting. 1t repre-
sents the Secretary of State defending the
honor and fame of Massachusetts, against the
eloquence of an eminent orator of South Caro-
lima, [Mr. HAYNE.] That is heroic piece;
let honorable Senators here take care that they
do not provoke the artist to produce comic
counterpart, in which the Senators from Arkan
sas and Louisiana Mr. BoRLAND and Mr.. Sou
LEI may be presentedin the act saving Massa-
chusetts from desolation brought on through the
timidity of her own, her chosen and honored
statesman. Such picture might enter into
new and interesting series of political illustra-
tions, to be entitled sThe Vagaries of Presi-
Dental Election
Mr.. President the statesman thus impeached
for want of boldness and frmness in defending
his country's maritime rights, is he who replied
to Great Britain, when claiming for the last
time the right to "seareh" American vessels,
aThe ocean is the sphere of the law of ofnatons;D
every vessel on the seas is by that law, under
the protection of the laws Of her own nation"
"The practice Of ofimpressing seamen from Amer
lean vessels cannot hereafter be allowed to take
place" HIn every regularly -documented Amer
lean merchant vessel, the crew who navigate it
will find their protection in the flag which is
over them"
Sir the statesman thus impeached for being
unreliable in defending the interests of Massa-
chusetts, is he who, in the memorable debate
to which have referred, achieved his triumph
with the words:
Il shall enter on no encomum upon Massachu
sctts. She needs none. There she s Behold her,
and judge for yourselves There is her history; the
There is Boston, and Concord, and Lexington, and
Bunker Hll-and there they will remain forever"
! | shall enter into no encomium on the
| Secretary of State--he needs none. should
be incompetent to grasp 30 great theme if 1T
were needed. The Secretary of State! There
he is Behold him, and judge for yourselves.
There is his history; there are his ideas-his
thoughts spreadover every page of your annals
for near half a century. There are his ideas,
his thoughts, impressed upon and inseparable
from the mind Of his country and the spirit of
the age. The world knows them all by heart.
There they are, and there they will be forever.
enough, of itself, to guarantee future Of fame
unapproachable and inextinguishable
| Mr.. President u simple narrative shall now
accomplish the two purposes for which ad-
dress the Senate. 1t shall show that the GEN.
sures of honorable Senators are erroneous, and
it will lead us to au exact knowledge of the
issue involved in the question which occupies
the Senate.
pass by the treaty of 1888 All the world
knows that in common with the people Of
England, we were subjects of the King Of
Great Britain, and that in the war which ter
minated that connection we secured not only
Independence, but also an equal right, in COM
mon with those who remained subjects, in the
Erlo l,,I I,ocN. -,
common | pass by the treaty of 1915 1t
twas a treaty concluded ut the end of our second
war with Great Britain. In that treaty, no
allusion whatever was made to the subject
end so Great Britain contendcd that our rights
| to the fisheries were gone with the war, be-
cause they had not been reestablished by the
treaty of peace. We maintained, on the con-
trary that we retained all those rights, because
they had not been surrendered in the treaty Of
peace. The convention of 1873 was con-
vention made for the purpose Of settling this
great dispute, and did settle it in this way The
United States took, under it, the equal right to
fish in common with his Britannia Majesty's
subjects in the waters that wash the southern
coast of Newfoundland from Cape Ray to the
Rameau islands on the northern and western
coasts Of Newfoundland, from Cape Ray to
the Quirpon islands and also the right to fish
along the Magdalene islands, and from Mount
Jolly, on the southern coast of Labrador, to and
through the Straits of Belleisle, and thence
uorthwards indefinitely. Here on this map you
see these common fishing grounds. By that
convention the United States renounced oil
right to fish anywhere within the distance of
three miles of the shore, within any other of
the coasts, bays creeks or harbors of his
Majesty's dominions in North America, or to
enter them for any cause but distress and want
Of wood and water. The fisheries to which
this provision was applicable were on the ex-
cepted coasts of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick,
Cape Breton, Prince Edwards Island, and
portion of Canada, called Gaspe. You see
them all here on the chart.
viii the Senate please to notice that the
principal fisheries in the waters to which these
limitations apply, are the mackerel and the
herring fisheries. and that these are what are
called "shoal fsheries;n that is to say, the
best fishing for mackerel and herrings is
within three miles Of the shore. Therefore, by
that remuneration, the United States renounced
the best mackerel and herring fisheries. SEN
ators please to notice, also that the privilege OF
resort to the shore constantly, to cure and dry
fish, is very important. Fish can be cured
sooner and the sooner cured, the better they
are, and the better is the market price. This
circumstance has given to the Colonies a
great advantage over us in this trade. 1t has
stimulated their desire to abridge the Ameri-
can fishery as much as possible; and indeed
they seek naturally enough to procure our ex-
clusion altogether from the fisheries. Such
was the convention of 1918, and such the effects
of it.
On the l4th Of June, 1919, the British Pnr-
lament passed an act for the purpose OF car
rying the provisions of this treaty into effect
by which they authorized the King to issue
orders in Council BY orders in Council the