The daily dispatch. [volume] (Richmond [Va.]) 1850-1884, 1852-10-29

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BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICE OF DANIEL
WEBSTER.
GCoN TISUED.]
Shortly after the contest between Mr.. web
s;er and Mr.. Hayne, Mr.. Calhoun and General
Jackson had misunderstanding, which led to
a snal rupture, and the former was thrown into
opposition. In November, 1882, Gen. Jackson
was reelected, by large majority, over Mr.
Clay. South Carolina, on this occasion, with
held her vote from the Democratic candidate.
The greatest excitement prevailed IN that
State before and after the election, and their
Convention having met, passed an ordinance,
in which they declared that no more taxes
should be collected in the State, and the Lee
gislature meeting shortly after, confirmed this
ordinance, authorised the enrolment of volun-
teers, and advised all citizens TO put them
selves in military array. TWAS believed that
the city of Charleston would resist the first at
tempt to collect duties, and thus bring about
a collision. The ground of this excitement
was the tariff acts of1S2S and 1882, which the
Legislature declared unconstitutional, and,
therefore, null and void. 1t assumed the
ground VIII ich Virginia had assumed on a for
mer occasion, that the State is the judge, in the
last resort, Of its own grievances, and has the
right to apply the remedy. General Hayne
resigned his seat in the Senate, returned home'
and was cleo Led Governor.
1t was generally believed that the President
would employ the naval force of the Union to
blockade Charleston, thereby reducing So
vereign State to the condition of revolted
province. The most intense excitement pre-
vailed all over the country.
In the preceding October, MIR. Webster, in a
speech made by him at Worcester, Mass, had
alluded to the critical state of affairs in South
Carolina. "For one,' said he, 81 raise my
voice beforehand against the unauthorized en-
ployment of military power. and against SUI
perseding the authority of the laws by an armed
force under the pretence of putting down null
LITIGATION. The President has no authority to
blockade Charleston the President has no au-
thority to employ military force till he shall be
duly required so to do by law and by the civil
authorities. His duty is to cause the laws to
be executed. His duty is to support the civil
authority. HIS duty is, if the laws be resisted,
TO employ the military force of the country, if
necessary, for their support and execution !;
but to do all this in compliance with law, and
with the decisions of the tribunals
Congress met on the first Monday in De-
eember, and MIR. Calhoun having resigned his
office, as Vice President, in order to represent
his State in the Senate, Hugh Lawson White,
of Tennessee, was elected President of that
body. Mr.. Calhoun did not arrive in Washing
ton until January, and many apprehended that
he would be arrested before he could reach
that city, on charge of treason. On the 10th
NOUS proclamation, written, it was said, by
MIR. Livingston, then Secretary of State, but
bearing unmistakeable marks of having been
dictated by jackson himself. Mr.. Webster, on
his way to Washington, first heard of this pro-
clamation from stranger, in New Jersey, who
told him that the President had issued against
South Carolina, proclamation taken word for
word from Webster's Worcester Speech
The resemblance was, indeed, too great to
have been entirely accidental.
No sooner mad the proclamation reached
South Carolina, than Governor Hay"e issued
acounter proclamation, denouncing the Gen
eral Government, and declaring the determine.
ton Of his State to resist to the last extremity.
In the meantime, the United States troops were
concentrated, in considerable numbers, at
Charleston and at Augusta while on the other
s'ae' the whole population of the State was in
military array, and many officers in the armv
sao navy, natives of South Carolina, threw up
'ae'r commissions and offered their services 70
."en nsoSe state. Throughout the month of
'eehoer' as all who were old enought a, the
nuie 10 take notice of passing events YER,
well recollect, the Union was agitated ,bronnt
out and to It's very centre. Mr.. Calhoun f.,
HUI ye' mace ms appearance in the Senate. I,
was stated by his friends that he remained 8,
nome 10 prevent an outbreak, and this wa. nm.
doubleday true but his enemies chose ~ o..
eribe his absence to fear of Gen. jackson
At length, towards the latter end Of Ds..
Der, he left South Carolina, and travelled i
slew stages to Washington. Every vb.,. {,
Virginia and North Carolina he met with , = ~.
dial, il not enthusiastic reception. On the Al,
January, he took his seat as senator of the
United States. Crowds assembled to see him
take the oath, for at that day he was the mos,
observed of all men in the Union, both BY
friends, of whom he had host, warm and en-
thusiastic, and by enemies, who were equally
ss numerous, and whose bitterness was fully
proporiioned to the admiration Of his friends
The most bitter Of oil bis enemies were the
Jscksos men proper, and the Jackson presses