The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-07-20

logged opposition with which the partisans Of Mr..
Fillmore and Mr. Webster labored respectively
against the candidate they had most to fear
has ended in placing on the whg sticket' the name
OF the very man who is least likely to redeem the
confidence OF his supporters In fact, the adyan-
tage OF Zen Pierce.s name to the democrats, and
the disadvantage OF Gen SCOTS name to tho whigs
were both SO generally recognized, that the latter
supposed TO have lost all chance. The very last
Geographic message that arrived before the conven-
ton had terminated its abors led us to that
the nomination Of Fillmore or Webster was certain.
But in democratic convention, as in a concaye Of
cardinals, nothing is lost as long the ballot box
be kept going The Pope and the President Of the
United States the two principal elective rulers
of mankind and though the constituencies differ,
the mechanism Of parties is not dissmilar, and the
result just capricious in in the other.
But in this instance we doubt whether any nominal
ton would have materially altered the chances of
the whig candidate; and as far as the general in
terests Of the Union and its relations with ourselves
are concerned Gen. Pierce has our best wishes for
his success
The primary question for the United States in this
election. as it is for ourselves in the electoral con-
tests of this week, is the national sanction and in
volabe establishment of the principles of free trade
For, though no country is more interested in the
adoption and extension of those principles than the
American Union, the fight has hitherto been carried
on against the avowed opinions of the executive
government. Mr. Fillmore's messages and Mr.. Cor
wins reports have continued to avow protectionst
doctrines worthy to rank with Lord Granby's poiti-
cal economy, and Mr.. G. +. Young's statistics; and
the country has only escaped the imposition of
restrictive duties by the fact that the present Amer
can government has never possessed majority on
these questions 10 the House OF Representatives.
The triumph Of the candidate of the democratic
party, brought forward by the men of the South,
will secure, probably for ever, the ascendency OF
LIBERAL commercial principles, and if Lord Derby
should next year be disposed to take the American
ari for his model, we have little doubt that it viii
serve to remove the last illusions of the protective
system from his mind In this respect, and on this
point. take General Pierce to be fair representa-.
tive of the opinions OF Mr. Calhoun, and. as such,
valuable practical ally to the commercial policy of
this country.
But though this may be the question of the day,
it is not the most deep seated vital question
which public servant in the United States has to
solve. He has also to consider-and that
santly and above all things-the mode of dealing
with the subject Of negro slavery in all its numer-
Gus ramcati0ns, SO as best to retain the great
object-the stability Of the existing confederation.
Some Of our readers will have read with surprise
an expression in one Of the recent letters Of in
teigent American correspondent, to the effect that
the cause OF abolil0nism is ut end, and that the
dangerous experiment of sacrificing the common
interests of the Union to the rights of the black
population was no longer to be thought of On that
principle the Americans, even in New England,
have submitted to bitter contradictions and trials
for the sake of institutions which they abhor
as cordially as we do ourselves, The idea of
iional duty has predominated in their minds
over the impulses OF natural humanity, Of free
have submitted to compromise, and the Fugitive
Slave act is in force throughout the Union
These measures are acknowledged to be the price
which men trained in very different school, have
been compelled to pay for the grand object of ma
tional harmony. The suspicion that some of
General Scott's opinions might be averse to them
was SO injurious to him soon after he forward
that he was obliged formally to repudiate them
and even now the stronghold Of the democratic
party is their vigorous adherence to all the con-
ditions which the preservation of the Union may
impose. But though this policy has patriotic
object and manifest advantage it is not the less
based upon an imprudence and injustice.
1t Is impossible that the intricate and alarming
questions arising out Of the presence of a large
and increased population of black men and slaves
On the soil of certain States in the Union, can
ever be set at rest. The million. headed evil is
there, and so little can it be removed oblerated,
that It's indirect consequences fes in regions
where not slave is found, from the wild confines
OF Minnesota, now first springing into social and
political life, to the hearts Of New England. A
party may agree TO stfe the danger; but they have
made no step towards the dmnurion of it. On the
contrary, they demand larger concessions from their
sister States. until the federal authority itself is
employed 70 rivet tie chains of the slave. There
may be tru,e to The agitation of the question of
abolition, or it may be kept down by measures as
severe as those which would be applied 70 other
forms OF political discussion III st. Petersburg in
Paris. But the disease remains and spreads I'M
cured and the increasing rgor sf The pre-. sations
taken IN the slave States against the emancipation
o! the negro, is the best proof that this subject,
Indifference is impossible DO what they will. there
viii ore day be civil rights, there will one day be
free labor Tor the black well for the white
man, ON the whole continent of America; and the
wisest policy is that which should prepare the
try for the inevitable transition, and not that which
Affects to rely on the everlasting duration of one
OF tie greatest evils that exists beneath the
France.
The following are further particulars relative to
the conspiracy discovered in the suburbs of Paris-
The Prefsct Of Police has been for some time
aware that certain individuals, remarkable for the
violence Of their political opinions, were organizing
secret society, with the object Of assassinating
Louis Napoleon, and of overthrowing the existing
government The conspirators chose for their
place Of meeting lonely house in the Rue de la
which one of the body, tailor, was porter. The
Project Of Police discovered further that they
affiliated with other socialists, and that they
busy in fabricating Internal machines of new
description. The Project consequently determined
to catch the conspirators fagrant daicto, and
ior that purpose he commanded that body of
20 ice should surround the house Mt the moment
nc was informed the parties should be at work.
His commands were executed on Thursday morning
last. When the police entered the house, they
found men busi'y employed in covering some gas
pipes with tar cloth. Other individuals were
subsequently discovered Similarly employed. and,
among them, several women. All those persons,
to the number of thirteen were Immediately
arrested, and strict sea- Oh made in their dwellings,
The result Of the search has been the seizure of va
rious documents. receipts for fabicating gunpowder
and letters from nbers of the revolutionary
committee established in London. The police au-
thorities. guided by the information contained in
the documents seized, continued heirinvesiga
and within the last two days they have arrested
altogether tairty.two individuals, including seven
women and a young girl. Among the nineteen persons
last arrested there found writings which appear
to connect them with the secret society in the Rue
de Ia Refine Blanche. At the lodgings of one of them
was found machine similar to the first discovered
The greater number of persons arrested belong to
the operative classes. There among them tailors
masons, stonecutters, shocmakers cabinetmakers,
trunkmakers, cartmakers, leather breechesmakers,
and among the women fancy dressmakers. There
is likewise Charles Pelletier. an ex-schoolmaster