, 1852-12-11


s)me of them;
We have in the proposed Territory at
least $4,000 square miles Of excellent ara
bic land. By dividing this agricultural
district into farms OF $50 acres each, we
shall have 93,s66 farms and farmers. Or,
by allowing every man 100 acres we shall
have 140 800 farmes. Again, by giving to
every farmer so acres of land we have the
number of 10000 farms; or, by allowing
10 every man the amount of 40 acres each,
we shall have the number of $4,000 men
engaged in the cultivation of the soil.
Again, Northern Oregon possesses facili7
ties for an extensive shipping interest We
have Puget Sound, extending from the
Straits of Juan de Fuca into the heart Of
Northern Oregon, distance of 100 miles,
being almost continuous harbor through
out its extent. forming an immense inland
sea, and presenting the finest sheet Of wa
ter for navigation in the known world.
We have immense forests Of timber, sur
passing in size and quality that of any other
country on the continent. The shores Of
Puget Sound are thickly studded with tim
Der. The numbering resources Of this coun-
try are as great as those Of the State Of
Maine, and are capable of giving employ
ment 10 equally as large number of men.
Again, we have inexhaustible fields Of ex-
ccllent coal. These coal beds are so exten-
sive that it is impossible to conjecture with
any degree of certainty the number Of per-
sons to whom they are capable Of giving
employment. The present great demand
for. coal en- this coast, and the rapdity with
which that demand is increasing, justify
the presumption that the coal resources Of
Northern Oregon will, ere long, be actively
and thoroughly developed. :.
There is no more suitable country on the
continent of North America for the growth
of sheep than that east of the Cascade
mountains. The Yakima country, with its
mild climate and its facilities for grazing,
may be truly said 10 be a land for the abode
of shepherds and herdsmen. 1t is believed
that Northern Oregon is capable Of having
wool growing and wool manufacturing in
terest as large as that Of England.
Well, we have the Salmon and other
fisheries on Puget Sound, Admiralty Inlet,
and the Straits Of Juan de Fuca. | should
not be surprised if the Salmon fishery, on
the Sound alone, should, in the course of
five years, engage not less than 1000 men.
Then again, we have the Cod-fshing
banks on the coast OF Northern Oregon
On this head, my information will not per-
nit me TO speak with certainty. These
banks have not been actually explored,
believe, for greater distance than 40 or so
miles, but ii has been pretty salel ly ascer-
tanned that they extend from the mouth Of
the Columbia river to Queen CharlotteS
Island. Should there ever be a sufficient
market for Cod fish and Halibut, 10 Justify
the prosecution OF these fisheries on our
coast, the number of men TO whom they are
capable ofgiving employment, together with
those who may be engaged in the whale
fishery, is beyond my powers of conjecture.
50 much for our resources for the support
of population. In this exposition il will be
borne in mind that no estimation is made Of
those who shall be engaged in the Oyster
trade, nor Of merchants, mechanics, arti-
sans, professional men, sc. So it must be
seen that the natural capacities Of this coun-
try for giving sustenance and employment
to population are, at least, as great as that
of any State Of equal extent in the Union.
The Territorial seat of government has
been removed south to a distance OF over
300 miles, BY, the nearest practicable route,
From large portion Of the population Of
lhlsFFerritory, In facilities for travelling
500 miles here are equal 10 5000 in The
States. Why sir, the transportation Of
freight from Portland to Olympia costs as
much as il it came from the City of New
York by the way of Cape Horn; and it will
cost man as much TO travel from Port
Townsend 10 Salem as ii would to 90 from
the city Of New Orleans to Boston. Our
territory joins that Of Great Britain. Van
couver's Island, with its present population
continually increasing by immigration, lies
on the Straits, almost in our midst, and
American vessels coming into the Sound
must pass in sight of her ports. The coun.
try on both sides of the 49lh parall, is
rapidly being settled by American citizens
and British subjects. The trade between
the two countries must always cause con-
slant intercommunicatiop between their re-
spective citizens. Well, sir, suppose a
murderer, being British subject, fees
from Vancouver's Island to some part Of
Puget Sound, what are the prospects Of
speedy arrest preliminary to a trial by bis
country? An officer, in order 10 reach our
Governor, must necessarily undergo the eI-
pense and delay consequent upon travelling
a distance OF over 500 miles meanwhile
the fugitive may make good bis Escape
Under these circumstances what are our
means for proper execution of The extra
dition treaty Of 1922 How can we bs
expected 10 fulfil on our part the important
compact entered into by US with Great
Britain Does it not become the solemn
duty of Congress, for the protection of our
national honor, 10 give ns1a chief executive
and separate Territorial organization north
Of the Columbia
Nor should the south oppose US in our
efforts to procure division ofihe Territory.