New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1852-02-13
FRANCE.
v.,,sses and Osser Matters
Os"e'''s PARIS, Thursday, Jan %, 1861.

>,su of the latter places power IN the hahds vi
Louis Napoleon which the First Consul never
As,d or sought to hold. II has been so often
said tina, the Nephew is a mere serviie iml'alor
Of the Uncle, that it is remarkable 10 see tue
nultiolicity of instances in which he not only
follows in his footsteps, but actually gets aneao
Of him. make rapid analysis Oh the primer
ma, no;nts of difference, for those OF your read
-. vho have not the means Of comparing the
two Constitutions for themselves.
The First Consul did not command the lana
and sea forces the President does.
Bonaparte did not claim the right OF declaring
war; such declaration was discussed and oe-
creed like a simple law Louis Napoleon re-
tains this right.
The Uncle could not conclude and sign
treaty Of Peace, Alliance or OF Commerce, with
out the sanction Of the legislative body the
Nephew arrogates to himself that night IN the
9th article OF his Constitution.
The First Consul had the right of appointing
TO many Offices, but not to all, as the President
has. He could neither appoint Justices OF the
Peace, nor Judges in the Supreme Court, (Juges
de Cassation,) and he could not revoke at pleas
ure the civil and criminal magistrates, whom ne
lad already raised to office. All this the Presl-
dent can do
Bonaparte did not hold the pardoning power,
and there is no mention OF this attribute OF
sovereignty in his Constitution. Louis Napoleon
holds this power by the 9th article OF his Consti-
tuition.
The State of Siege, OF as it was called fifty
wears ago, "the Suspension OF the Empire OF the
Constitution" could only be decreed by law.
Louis Napoleon declares the State of Siege by
his own individual signature.
Bonaparte did not hold the power OF dissovlng
and dispensing the Legislative Body. This III
iouitous privilege is claimed by Louis Napoleon
IN the 10th article.
Nv the Constitution of the YEAR VIII, the citi'
xens possessed the right OF petition to all constr
tuted bodies. For the future, the Senate only
can be addressed by the petitions Of the lnhabit-
ants.
These are the principal differences between
the two Constitutions and it is evident that Lou
10 Napoleon, though he has only arrived at that
stage of the route which corresponds with the
Consulate, possesses, by anticipation, the power
welded, some years later, by the Emperor.
The circular of the Minister Of the Interior to
che Projects, prescribing certain plans to be fol-
lowed in the elections to the legislative body,
has appeared in the Moniteu. As you will prob
ably publish this extraordinary document in full,
give only brief digest of it here. The Minis
Ter commences by saying that universal suffrage
is new and untrled, and consequently danger
GUS, element in France. II is, therefore, highly
necessary to control it. For this reason, the
Constitution forbds the publication of the
speeches delivered in the house, thus forcing
the members to attend to the affairs Of the coun-
try, instead of being eloquent for Buncombe. The
Government is firmly resolved never to make
use of corruption. and therefore desires to see
men, independent by their situation and charac-
ter, returned 10 the Assembly. l,would prefer
men who have made their fortunes by labor,
manufactures or agriculture, men who have
endeavored to improve the condition OF their
workmtn, or who have made noble use of
their property, to merely political men. The
Projects of the Departments are to prepare list
Of such candidates " no seem to have fair chance
of obtaining majority of the votes, and send it
10 the Minister of the Interior, who will then
"wnhssifatingiy recommend such as he shall select
TO Me confidence Of The electors - As there Is to be
but one candidate for each seat, electoral meet
ings to discuss the merits OF that candidate
would be entirely useless. The Projects are,
therefore, to prevent any preparatory meetings
or electoral reunions. NJ. de Morny concludes
with long essay on bribery and corruption. 1t
10 evident from this circular, that the Govern
ment is 10 choose $50 men from the more promi-
nent advocates Of religion and family, and force
the country to elect them by an irresistible ma
lority. II would appear certain, too, that the
vote is 70 be by eyes" and 4" No." as at the late
Presidential sweepstakes. Thus, Louis Napo-
leon will have himself. chosen either directly or
indirectly, every individual officer OF the Gov.
ernment. from the Minister of the Interior a,
Paris, 10 the game-keeper at Narhonne; the
Ministers by undisputed right the Council OF
State and the Secretary by assuming the right
in the Constitution all the offices, little and big
by the 9th article OF tina, instrument, and finally
the whole Legislative Body by COLLISION with
the Projects Such is the last gasp of Parlia
Mentary Government in France.
10 Is well known In fafis, though oil course l
was not learned from the newspapers, that off
feTences have arisen between the members of th'
Cabinet and the President, upon certain pro
posed measures of prescription. 1t was at frs
supposed that the ferocity of the Minister of the
Interior was only prevented from having full
play by the interposition OF the President. |
now seems certain, however, that it is Louis Ma
pknsa NH f,rv Ia
been tempered by the hrmness OF NJ. de Momy
Learn positively from a gentleman allied b!
marriage with the family of Eugene Sue, that
decree for the romaneer's transportation to Ca
ysnne, signed by Louis Napoleon, awaited ii,
counter-signaiure OF NJ. de Momy |, was re
TUNED to the President with a positive refusa
on the part of the Minister. Eugene Sue has re
NATAL 81 -.