The daily union., 1852-01-11

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South the permanent seat OF government was esiab
shed IN The South; an extent of seacoast has beer
acquired IN the South embracing too the great outIe
OF The valley OF the Mississippi greater than whole
extent of coast at the close OF The revolution while
none has been acquired in The North on the Atlantic
Of The eleven Presidents elected seven were from The
South and four from the Norh; five from the South
served two terms--no one from the North The South
has had The presidency nearly fifty out OF sixty -four
years that the present government will have existed al
the close OF the present term The Office OF Chief Jus
ce OF the Supreme Court has been held by two south
ern men for more than half century continuously
As It was in the past, il is present: southern
man presdes here and in the other house. and did du-
portant committees, in this and the other house. are
southern men the commandern chief of the army is
native OF the South ali three OF the commanders in
residents of the South
notice these things in no boastful spirit they were
know, brought about without design in the natural
course OF events but they certainly go far show that
the South are not that oppressed people which some
would represent them TO be-
For the double purpose of illustrating the opinion
have here advanced and TO show that Mr. Jefferson re-
jeced with horror such violent remedies for injuries to
the Soath as the senator has been propagaing, beg
leave to read an extract from speech delivered by
| June last
.More than quarter Of a century since Qs25) Mr.
Jefferson u need apply no ephets to him, his is
enough) thought there at least as much reason TO
complain OF the action of the general government any
decided terms, disapproved of the remedy proposed by
South Carolina, and those who concur with her. He
said IN hs letter to Mr. Giles:
"'I see you do, and with tho greatest aficlion, the
rapid strides with which the federal branch govern
ment is advancing towards the usurpalion of all the rights
reserved to the Sates and The consolidation in itself Of all
powers foreign and domestic and that, by consuc
lions which, if legitimate leave limits lhelr power
And what is our resource for the Preservation Of
the constitution! Reason and Argument! You might
them!'
A M y,on IL
Georgian No This be the last resource NOT 10
be Thought Of until much Longer and greater u6erngs If
sisted at once, dissolution of it, cond be
formed which could last year I'VE must hars patience
sion give them time for reflection and experience of con
sequences keep o1sefres in situation 10 profit By The
only when the sole alternatives left the dissolution of
the Union with them, or submission with
out Limitation oil powers
Never came from his pen more patriotic
words than these With what foresight his phlosophic
mind dwe events favorable 10 the South that have
already come 10 pass II seems like prophecy Little
more than quarter oi a century has elapsed yet what
in that short space in the life of nation, have been the
chapter OF accidents already recorded in history ia
yorable to State rights and southern interests Five
Presidents have since been elected and two acting Pres
ldents three OF the Presidents from the South,
was also one OF the acting Presidents and of the
Presidents from the North was Ratiye of the South.
The Office OF President has been actually held seventeen
ont OF the last twenty five years by southern Presidents,
aas sny Es years 81 x By q the
greatest limitations imposed the constructive
powers of the federal government have been adopted in
two by the executive power alone. President
Jackson restrained by the Maysville veto the power
claimed for general system OF internal Improvements
the one at which Mr.. Jefferson alarmed than
any oher-and Mr. Polk confirmed il in the veto of the
barbor bill in 1916. Mr. Tyler vetoed a Bank of the
United States and made it obsolete idea forever and
the high tariff, which drove South Carolina 10 null6ca-
ton in 1882 much reduced under the advice OF MIR
Polk and his southern Secretary of the Treasury 10
leave no cause of complaint on that score the
part OF South Carolina. Since 1926 seven States
have been admitted into the DnIon-four ee and three
slave States but the slave States thus admitted contain
greater than the four free States, and there is
clause in the act admitting Texas providing for four addi
fi0nGt States within her boundaries There too,
ahead accidents for the acquisition and admission
OF States OF the South which not unworthy of
consideration. think then, after all, have stood
ground pretty well for the last quarter OF century,
and have no great to despair Yes, of the
South have prospered greatly during that time The
North has also prospered greatly perhaps than we
them for their good fortune. II they have made more
money than we have, we have had, as has been the
through the whole history of the government, at
least our share oil the honor and power"
But il secession a wise and safe remedy, have
the States right, under the constitution the senator
and regret 10 say some others OF higher authority sup
posed TO resort 10 II think not, except a Tevolu-
tionary remedy II is said TO be reserved right OF the
States; but that cannot be, because many rights and
this among others, prohibited they would annu the
grant OF supreme power 10 the national government and
be inconsistent with other special prohibitions TO the
States An important part OF the 10th amendment OF the
constitution, often referred to- is the "powers prohib
tied 10 the States" Here il is in full
The powers not delegated 10 the United States by the
constitution, prohibed bv IL TO the Slater ue reserved
to the states OF TO the people"
Are not both the powers delegated to the United States
and those prohibited TO the States wholly incompatible
with such a right
The senator says
"I 1.-The right OF secessonl a sary incident
neced with the reserved the STATES One State
FfrIu and Ftffagio
give the states, the right ecede. They have origin
ally"
Well, suppose they had why could not the constitn
ton take il away' Was not great object Of the
constitution 10 take away any certain powers from
the Sates and give them to the national government And
did IL not take away State sovereignty a great degree
at least for TO lessen IL is 10 destroy IT, Must not
lat in ts totay, exist not AT all As there cannot
exist in the government two supreme powers, II
would seem there cannot exist two sovereignes There
strong reasons 10 conclude II taken away. The
word is not believe, mentioned in the constitution.
Certainly such right is expressly reserved TO the States
in that instrument There was, though, such express
reservation in The articles oil confederation. Those artI
ces were the first organic and preexsing law Of the
nation. The constitution amended and enlarged them.
provision, then, that the FIRST and omitted IN the
second, especially II inconsistent with the powers
granted, must be considered abrogaed The second
article OF the confederation is
Each State rsiaias s sopreigHv, freedom, and indo
pendent and cvoy power jurisdiction, and right, which
by this confederation expressly delegated the Uni
ted States ia Congress assembled"
Mr. Madison, in his letter TO Mr. Randolph, just before
the meeting OF the convention in l7s7. clearly thought
the sovereignty must be given up. lie wrote
hold IL for n fundamental point that an individual In.