Sunbury American. [volume] (Sunbury, Pa.) 1848-1879, 1852-12-11

10 protect and encourage Inc IaOot oi ou'
own citizens. Duties however should mol De
fixed at rate so high as TO exclude the lor'
eign article, but should be so graduated as 10
enable The domestic manufacturer larry 10
compete with the foreigner in our own mar
keis, and by this competition 10 reduce the
price of the manufactured article 10 the con.
sumer to the loves, rate at which il can be
produced This policy would place the me-
chanic by the side of the farmer, create
mutual interchange of their respective com.
modities, and thus stimulate the industry OF
the whole country, and render us independ-
ent Of foreign nations for the supplies re-
quired by the habits or necessities OF the
people.
Another question, wholly independent Of
protection, presents itself, and that is, Nhe-
iher the duties levied should be npon the
value Of the article at the place Of shipment,
or, where it is practicable, a specific duty,
graduated according TO quantity, as ascer-
tanned by weight or measure All our duties
are at present al vaorcm. A certain per
ceniage is levied on the price of the goods at
the port Of shipment in foreign county
Most commercial nations have found ii indis-
pensable, for the purpose of preventing fraud
and perjury, TO make the duties specific
whenever The article is OF such uniform
value in weight or measure as TO justify such
a duty. Legislation should never encourage
dishonesty or crime. 1t is impossible that
The revenue officers at the pOil where the
goods aIe entered and the duties paid should
know with certainty what they cost in the
foreign county. Yet The law requires that
J they should levy The duty according 10 such
cost. They are therefore compelled TO fe.
SOFT 10 very unsatisfactory evidence 10 aScer-
tain what that cost was They take the in
voice OF the importer, atiesled by his OATH
us the best evidence OF which the nature of
the case admits But every one must see
that the invoice may be fabricated, aud the
oath by which it is supported false, by req
son of which the dishonest importer pays a
part only of the duties which are paid hv the
honest one, and Tins indirectly receives rom
the treasury Of The United States IL reward
for his fraud and perjury. The reports Of
the Secretary Of the Treasury heretofore
made Oh this subject show Conclusivcly that
these lrand5 have been practiccd 10 great
extent. The tendency is to destroy that hi.h
moral character for which our merchants
have long been distinguished TO dcflaud the
government Of lis revenue; 10 break down
the honest importer by dishonest compeii-
ton and, finally to transfer the business Of
importation to foreign and irresponsible
agents, To the great deirimeni Of our own
citizens. therefore again most earnestly
recommend the adoption Of specific duties,
wherever il is practicable, or a home valua.
! !Ioni 10 nr"yeht hes" .iouus.
would also again call your attention 10
I the fact that The present tarlf in sume cases
| imposes Il higher duty upon The raw male
rial imported than upon the article mamuiac-
tured from ii, the consequence which is that
the duty operates to the encouragement OF
a.. L.. Il 4
| own citizens.
For lul and detailed information in regard
TO the general condition Of our Indian ai-
fairs, respectfully refer you 10 the report
OF the Secrctary OF the Interior and the ac-
companying documents.
The Senate not having though, proper TO
ratliy The treaties which had been hrgoIia.
ted with the tubes of Indians in California
and Oregon, our relations with them have
| been lett IN very unsatisfactory condition.
/ In other paris OF our territory particular
districts Of country have been set apart Ur
the extensive Occupation Of the lHdians,
and their right 10 he lands within those
limits has been acknowledged and respect
ed. But in California and Oregon there
has been no recognition by The Government
OF the exclusive night of Indians TO any part
OF the country. They are therefore mere
tenants al sutleraHce, and liable to be driven
irom place 10 place, at the pleasure Of The
whites.
4 The treaties which have been rejected
proposed TO remedy this evil by alIolliug to
the different Tribes districts of country suit
able 10 their habits oil hlc, and sufficient Tor
their support. This proviso, more than any
other, It is believed, led TO their reiec ion /;
and as no substitute for it has been adopted
by Congress, it has not been deemed advi-
sable TO attempt TO enter into new treaties Of
a permanent character, although no eGolt
has been spared Ivy Temporary arrangements
TO preserve friendly relation with lhenl.
II it be The desire of Congress 10 remove
them from the country altogether, or 10 as
sign 10 them particular districts more remote
from the settlements of the whites, it " i'll
be proper 10 set apart by law the territory
which they are to occupy, and 10 provide
The means necessary for removing them TO
it, Justice alike 10 our own citizens and
10 the Indians reqniles the prompt action Of
Congress Oh this subject.
The amendments proposed by the Senate
to The treaties which we're negotiated with
/ the Sioux Indians of Minnesota have been
submitted 10 The tribes who were parties
! 10 them, and have received their assenls A
/ large tract Of valuable territory has been
/ opened for settlement and cu!Ivalon, aud
all danger Of collision ~ilh these powerful
aud warlike bands has been happily re-
moved.
/ The removal Of the remnant of the tribe
OF Seminole Indians from Florida, has long
been a cherished object of The Government,
and it is one TO which my attention has
been steadily directed. Admonished BY
past experience OF the difficulty and cost of
the attempt 10 remove them by military
force, resort has been had to conciliaory
measures. By the invitation Of The Com
missioner of Indian Affairs several of the
principal chiefs recently visited Washington
and whilst here acknowledged in writing
/ The obligation o. their iIbe to remove with
! the least possible delay. Late advices from
the special agent OF The Government repre-.
sent that they adhere TO their promise, and
| that a council Of their people has been cal
led TO make their preliminary arrangements
A general emigration may therefore be con-
/ tdenily expected at an early day.
The report from the General Land Office
shows increased activity in iIs operations
| The survey of the northern boundary Of
Iowa has been completed with unexampled
despatch. Within The last year ,522,959
acres of public land have been surveyed,
and s,O32, 463 acres brought into market.
/ In the last fiscal year there
were sold l,553,O7i acres.
Located with bounty land
warrants, 3,2Ol;34 "
Located with other cerlif-