The daily union., 1852-04-10


stnenls who are the people Of my own State informed OF
all do as their representative here and as all matters OF
public interest concern them. in proportion 10 Their nun
bef, as directly as II their number greaer and they
had power TO make themselves heard and felt more
strongly than thsy al present. il is also duty TO IN
form them OF what undertaken here by all branches OF
the government; and this duty will perform as far
may be able Such information ask for is my right
and theirs. and therefore ask Il am not AFRAID they
will misuse it, II the objects OF this expedition be honest
and lawful, it cannot in the nature of things be wrong
or huriIu 70 any lawful interest for them 10 be made
known. they be dishonest unlawful, the and
the certainly should they be exposed and arrested
AT any rate, be they right be they wrong, it is right
and our duty to know them. &
Mr.. GWlN will move that this bin be laid upon
the table temporarily in order to proceed with the dis
cussion OF Yesterday
Mr.. MANGUM Will the honorable senator with
draw that motion for two minutes
Mr.. GWlN withdrew the motion. a
Mr.. MANGUM. stand here under the charge, very
specifically made, which seems TO have been well con-
sldered, that have been inconsistent in my opinions
Well sir, without attempting TO defend my consistency
matter of perfect moonshne in connection with mat
ter OF this SORT and OF moment whateverl do not
conceive with all respect that have been inconsistent.
My opinions upon the subject of intervention were
formed long since and all the arguments upon The other
side have amounted 10 nothing in the way Of changing
them AS to Intervention, general proposition
can lay down the proposition that inter-
vene. Sir, from the beginning and Il will be true to the
end whenever our interest or safety shall combine with
our convenience and power, shall always intervene
We shall intervene when we have our interests our
safety TO preserve and not beyond that But this thing
OF going on an expedition 10 the Indian regard
being purely commercial But il shall take any other
shape 1t will be no intervention at all Ii is working for
ourselves, and not for against other people with whom
we have little interest, and have no participation. So,
our safety interest The nations Of the earth have
acted upon this principle from all time and will do to
the end Of time. But, sir, while we do that we shall
not, as have said upon former OCCASION act like that
redoubtable and very wise vruous, and excellent
Spanard, Quixoe 1.-The redoubtabe Don, sir While we
shall act upon principles, practical and touching our in
terest we shall not like that ancient and respectable
teman, go about the world finding out the of
kind and endeavorng to right them according TO dem
ocrac or whg notions. Sir. have procrastination
self in s respective naiionaes They have right to do
it, and 10 determine for themselves; and will this in
regard TO those indian seas, and the extension OF
may not isolate itself from the world Where it obsructs
the great interests OF the civilized portions OF mankind,
u may Ighttuily and i ought To- be coerced, and
brought into social relations in such manner that it
may not be injurious TO the rest Of the world. | can
imagine many such cases. that think according to any
principles OF the law OF nations, or the law Of right
would be admissible But as 10 our Hungarian inerven.
on with the possessions OF the great Northern Bear
behalf OF people who never have enjoyed liberty, and
probably never will in timewhere there is not the
sembance OF spark of liberty that exstsl rather
think our predecessor the amable Don, in his widest
ances never attempted anything quite so desperate or
impraciicable.
On motion, as published yesterday, the further consd-
APPoRTIoNMEsr OF REPRESENTATION.
the consideration OF the bill supplementary to An act
providing for The taking OF the seventh and subsequent
censuses OF the United States, and TO fix the number OF
the members Of the House OF Representatives. and pro-
vide for their future apportionment among the several
Staies, approved 23d May, 1s50-the question peading
being on The amendment offered by Mr.. BRADBrRY.
Mr.. CHASE With the leave OF the senator from
Louisiana, [Mr DowNsl desire make few remarks
IN respect TO this bill before he proceeds.
The question involved in the amendment of the
tor from Maine is novel one and undoubtedly OF great
importance. II the number of representatives shall be
increased two hundred and thirty four that amendment
proposes Il is proper that the Senate should look to the
results which will inevitably follow. have taken the
pains to ascertain one OF these results and find that
the aggregate representative population of the United
States shall be divided by the number two hundred and
II will produce ratio which, applied in the
precise mode pointed out by the ACT Of $780, for the ratio
produced by the division by the number two huHdred
and thirty. three, will bnng the State OF Louisiana
into precisely the relation TO California that the
State oi South Carolina occupies The result, then,
inevitably lhs II you increase the number 10 two
hundred and hiryfour, as is proposed by the amend
ment oil the senator from Maine, the argument OF the
senator from Louisiana must be inst irresistible in
law and IN equity the argument OF the senator from
South Carolina. In other words assume that the num-
Der Is increased TO two hundred and thirty yfourconsider
thai as being the number fixed by the act OF 1850 !;
change the figures two hundred and hry-three into the
figures two hundred and thirty place those figures
IN the law and then the question is, what will be the
suit OF dividing the aggregate population OF the Union BY
those iguress What will be The ratio which will be
produced by that division And what will be the effects
OF that rao say that the result will be 10 place Lou
isana in precisely The category that South Carolina
now occupies; and that, if the Senate be prepared 10
vote for the increase OF the number 10 two hundred and
thirtyfour the senator from Louisiana has refraga
BILE argument in favor OF his proposition TO add member
for his State.
Now, suppose an additional member were given to
louisiana and the aggregate OF the House oil Represent
aves increased 10 two hundred and thirty what will
be the RESULT Divide the aggregate population by two
hundred and thirty five, and you will have ratio.
Divide the population OF each State by that ratio,
tain the number OF representatives 10 whfch Stale IS
titled by the entire RATIO and then distribute the rac
lions, and some other Stale will have equitable, and
indeed legal claim to be placed in the category
the Stale OF louisiana and the result will be that you
may increasing the entire number oil representa-
lves and consequently the representation OF particular
States, indefinitely That is certainly the necessary re-
suit OF the amendment, pursued TO its legitimate conse
quences III we amend the act OF 1850 by changing the
aggregate number Of The House OF Representatives, these
consequences must inevitably follow.
But senators say that IN dilemma, and they
ask us how we shall escape from IT, We shall best es
cape from IT, Mr.. President, by taking sense
the constitution the case, and by following IFS re-
quiremens The difficulty in which Congress finds itseli
involved and from which il seeks TO be released, results
from the attempt by the act of $780, TO fix in advance the
number OF representatives in the House by infexibe
rule governing future apporonmenls. II results. sir
do iha, before the enumeration which
ought TO be done afterwards, and which all precedent
would have required US TO do afterwards
will ask the attention OF the Senate for moment 10
some oil the consequences which follow from the rule
established by the act of 1850. The number OF repre-
sentatves liked at two hundred and thiy-three Divide
the entire representative population by this number. and
you obtain the representative ratio Divide the represent