The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1852-05-19

that by withholding them for the present. the policy
mended BY them will become the liked policy Of country
supposet will become tho fixed policy of the country il
they are rahedi but how be II do raiify
them ana II they are suspended from the consideration Of
the Senaie Ceranly authority given 20 the treaties
no authority given any of the commissioners
ation TO them unless the Senate raify them. En- niho
nhn M You cannot make the treaties valid but by their
ratification There very good reasons WHY they should
not be the Senate for confirmation now find at
this very mea least the dates OF the advces from
Cafoahat the stpulaons of these treaties are under
discussion In the legislature OF that State They
know well there what their provisions and there
some difference OF opinion whether they should be
ratified or rejected. have majority and minority
report in the Legislature of California; the former recon-
mendng the rejection of the treaties and that the power of
the State of California should be employed to secure their
reecton and the latter very guardedy advising against
this There also resolution pending the egis
ature, from the majority Of the committee of rather ex
traordnary character. They recommend that the State
shall insist upon the observance Of what they say is the
policy which has prevailed in every other State that is the
entire exclusion Of the Indians of California from that
State They insist that those people, said be 100 900
number shall be driven out of the limits Of the State and
shall not be allowed solitary reservation. They complain
OF the reservations which, is said have
guaranteed to them by the treaties which they made
They that the Indians be allowed to hold any
OF the public lands the State but must be removed be-
yond It's arisdcton that the Indian shall be allowed
10 have an acre of heritage which God gave him. and which
was his before the white first landed the shores of
America.
What is to become of these Indians Where are they to
go' How are we to theml Will you drive them
out at the point of the bayone purchase their territory
from time to time, the expense Of untold mlIionsl Will
you send them beyond the confines of the United States
the possessions OF our weak neighbour Mexco' You
do that because It would violate your treaty spuatisns
VIII you send them up to the great valley Of the Salt Lake
and consign them the tender merccs Of the Mormons
WiI you send them to the Territory Of Oregon where
same system ofexclusion is be repeated Will you turn
them into the great deserts beyond the Sierra Nevada there
TO meet fate dreadful than almost any Of which the
imagination concevei If you compel them to such an
existence theirs would be than the wandernes
would be pillar Of fire by night cloud by day. to guide
them There would be refreshing mamma in the wilder
ness for them They all faint despair and die in the
DESERTS which your selsh violence would drive them
and rather than do that would be humanity for You TO
collect them in groups and them according to the
example Of The Frrn- revolution, with noyades and fas
aes drowning them ny hundreds and shooting them down
by squadrons Sir this Indian policy requires con-
sderation. While very desirable admit to remove
them from the neighborhood of the white man. there is
limit to that, and that limit you have reached East Of the
Rocky Mountains you have removed many Indians tribes
beyond the white settlements and since 1922 have exn-
guished their title to 900 acres at an expense it is
Of Arkansas Missouri and Texas hordes Of savage
Indians Between the praries of the Rocky Mountains
and Pacific vast deserts exenddeserts furnishing very
little subsistence and the scanest support to the nomadc
tribes who then who live more upon the plumber
of Mexican neighbours of the white settlements of the
frontier and of the bands of emgrants the coast
than by any product Of industry, by the chase
Now, what to do with them This the great ques-
ton.
do not undertake say what the policy of the govern
ment should be but say this that they who the
exclusion Of formidable and numerous band of Indians
as those in California, provide other place for
them-mus be prepared with expedient which will
not shock humanity This grave question ngates the
Legislature Of California and subject for the PRESIDENT
consideration at this moment Hcmus determine for him.
self to give recommendation in regard the
subjects before he sends those treaties the Senate of the
United States. Where is the liability blame them which
be justly thrown upon the President for taking time
consider question SO vast and momenous thsbecause
he waits to know public sentiment in California the
ton of the legislature and the further information which
both the senator and myself desire.
The senator complains, however, that these Indian
missoners have been removed He says they ought to
have been removed promptly.
Mr.. GWIN. said that if the President dsapproved of
their acts, he should remove them.
Mr.. PEARCE The President cannot and am sure
does not doubt that TO make treaty stpuaons and then
the power which does belong any officer of
the governmentnot even to the President himselfof
derakng execute those spuIaons before they APP
proved by him. and ratified by the Senate, is papable
wrong. Il is clear usurpaton have not conversed
with the President the subject but that he
not do otherwise than condemn their conduct a violation
of their duty. The Commissioner of Indian Affairs long
since did Whether the President and the Senate when
they TO consider the circumstances shall suppose
the emergency was extraordinary TO these
commissioners, cannot undertake say do consider
fit further to discuss matter which properly belongs
the executive sessions Of the Senate.
But the senator complains that they have not been dis
missed Now let look at the facts There three
Indian agents and subagent appointed for California
One Of the Indian agents. Mr. McKee, protests that he had
nothing to do with the beef contracts and says that he al
why's advised to the contrary. In his report depart
ment, speaking of there contracts, he says:
81 have steadily opposed the making of any contract inn
pcatng the government until after the treaties ratified,
except small and Immediately pressing mands al the time
Of making treaties, and have advised my colleagues"
II that has been his course surely the is
called upon to remove him. Mr.. Johnson the sub
agent has been removed Mr. Barbour Of the agents.
the individual who brought the here about the
first of February Of the present year. He Immediately
called upon personally for explanations he had before
been called upon by letter brief time asked by his
friends in order that he might make further explanations
and give further information regard to the During
but just this gentleman say, that the time Of his
appointment Office he bore the very highest character for
integrity and honor and ndscreet his may have
been, unwilling declare that character forfeited.
Now there remains only Mr.. Wozencroh and have been
told that he considered of the abest and best
the commissioners. Mr.. GwN assented Why was he
removed do know that oil the reasons
do know that II would be advisable for state NIL
the for retaining him in Office There 49, however
which will II is desirable the
from California thinks, and think, make certain in
quiries California regard 10 the necessities Of the
Mr.. Wozcncro OF the Of information. We
certainly obtain information from him. and
reliable information while he is under his official RESPONSE
bity than il he rcmoved for take that If he were
removed he would trouble himself TO give any informa
ton at all That is good for removing him.
think have now shown that the administration IL not
cupabe for what has done regard to these Indian agents.
has retained Of them in Office who appears not to be
connected with any improper while has retained
another under the expectation Of obtaining from him. under
his official responsibility valuable information in regard to
the proceedings OF the commissioners. | think that the
administration s thus viodicated from these charges