The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1852-04-07

This was assuredly carrying out the views OF the
honorable member for Massachusetts. Land, &C
cording to him, acquires value as you diminish
the time and expense Of reaching market" The
tariff OF 1912 caused the opening OF mines and the
building Of mills in Massachusetts and in Ala
bama, in Connecticut and Ohio, in Pcunsy ylyania
and Tennessee, in Rhode Island and in Georgia;
and every mill and every furnace that was built
made market for food and cotton, to be con-
sumed by the men who built it, and further mar
kct for both Tor the supply Of the people who
worked in those mills. furnaces. and mines. Fur
ther, each mine, each mill, and each furnace,
diminished the necessity for applying labor to ag
riculturc; and thus. while they Increased the de-
nldnd for the products Of the earth, they di,nin-
ished fhe competition for the sale Of them TO the
double advantage OF The farmer and the planter.
The object Of the tariff of 1886 is directly the
reyer4c. Under it, we build no mile or furnaces,
and we close old mills and furnaces and mines.
Under it, We are gradually closing even the old
market for labor, and are driving not only the
whole increase OF population. but much of that
which previously existed, into agriculture; thus
increasing the number OF producers while dimin-
ishing the number Of consumers. From day to
day, as the old mills and furnaces are being
closed, there ID arising an increased necessity for
looking to the distant market, precisely as, un-
der the influence Of British free trade, has been
the case with Ireland and India, Portugal and
turkey; and yet, sngulariy enough.if we are to
believe the statements OF the honorable member,
the policy which has ruined those States is now
riching US; while that which is enriching and
strengthening Belgium, Germany, and Russia,
produced no effect but that Of impovcrishing and
weakening US.
We now invite our readers to the perusal of the
statement Of facts furnished by the honorable gen.
tleman, and Of his views respecting the working of
the two systems Of protection and Brtsh free trade.
begging them, while reading it,, to besr in mind
First. That the position taken by him is that
proximity to market increases the value Of the land
and Of products.
Second. That, whatever ese may have been the
effect of the tariff OF lS42 had unquestionably the
% - n at rkcf ~
land and its products, and should therefore, in
strict accordance with the principles of the speak
er, have had the effect of augmenting the value Of
both
Third. That the avowcd object of the tariff Of
lS46 the substitution of the foreign and distant
market for the domestic and near one, and that
that object is being attained as the mils furnaces
and mines OF the Union are being closed and that
in strict accordance with the doctrines Of the hon.
orable member, its effect should be the dimnution
of the value OF both land and iis products
Fourth That, singulary enough, the effects Of
the two systems, according 10 the honorable mem
Der. have been directly the OF all this; the
value Of cotton. OF food, and Of tobacco, having di
minished as the arket more and more brought
home to the producer, and increased as the market
became more distant, and the cost Of trapsporta-
ton increased
"Thcre 10 another great interest-the nanufac-
turing interest Let me say few words upon
this subject, and ! propose to say but a few.
The great manufacturing interest tbrivcs as its
customers thrive, and il cannot thrive without
them, nor without their prosperity. The manu-
featuring interest in New England. New York,
and Pennsylvania pcrishes if the West ceases to
be good purchaser. The danger to that inter
est is not from importa,ons from abroad. The
hopes of the manufacturing interest should not
be in excluding importations from abroad That
interest in the Northeast should ceasc to look
with fear to the other side of the Atlantic; but it
should begin 10 look with hope towards the
West. That is the true doctrine for the people
OF any section Of the country. May they learn
1t, and act upon 1t in season. Why, sir, the
manufacturing interest has every thing 10 hope
fiom the people Of the West, who is beat
customers. Look at the change that has taken
place within few years past. The President, in
his message, has told Us tha. agricultural pro.
ducts have not risen in price. aud experienced
an Increased demand, as was expected under the
present tariff, as compared with the former
Sir, do not know what gentlemen expected, but
their expectations must have been extravagant
indeed If they have not been than satisfied.
II you take the agricultural products OF this coun
try, take the whole amount OF artsc.es exported
from this cJuntry-and they almost all ng-
ricultursl-lrom the year 1912 to 1876, during the
operation of the last tariff, aud compare their
export value, as stated by the shippers, with the
value OF the same quantities OF the same articles
at the prices which prevailed before 1912, and
you will find the difference 10 be about 8 Sl25,-
100000. You will find that your exports of pro-
ducts Of oil sors brought, under the tsriiI OF
i542, about 8l25 600 OOO lees than the same arti-
cles would have amounted to IL sold at the prices
which prevailed for four years previous 20 1912.
There is n state OF things which agricultural
interests would not desire during ibose four
years. How has II been since iSt6l There has
been general rice Of about the same amount;
that is to sny. about 9 81, 900 900 a year. The
articles exported since Is46 down 10 the present
time, IL they had been cold at the average priccs
that prevailed from 1912 TO 1916, would have
brought nearly $50, ,0oO, 900 Icss than they have
broogbt-a difference of Ss0,oO00D0 year
before. Under the tariff Of lsi2, our exports
cold for S3n,00O 900 year lees than the same
quantities. had cold for before; aud under the
tariff Of lsa6, ADD since that time, they have
brought S30.0O00O0 yesr more than the somc
quantities had brought before.
"Cofton exported, rih IFS raius, during Dre, pei.
ods. from 1899 10 isi2 inciisirc from lsi3 10 1876
inciusire, and from Isf7 10 1851 Incis,ire
-Four year,, ending wih 1912.
Quantity. .....s.s.'s..s.......s' ZZtZtoo 5'O IDS
Value. ........................ S22I,Ols.V9s
Price per 10 b................... s.99 100 cts
-Four years, ending wih 1876.
Quantiiy OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. 2 $40, ,39t, ,6l2 lbs
Value ...................... Sl97 .69e,29
Price per ID b.................... 6.s73-lOoo cts,
The quantity Of cotton for the
latter four years, at the price
Of the former fur ycars....... 9.99 100 c,s.
Would have sold ior........s. S3S7 SSi s22
Official return Of lie vsloe....... l97.6q0,29l
Loss on cotton by fall Of prices. ss9,e6l ,53l