New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1852-05-08

Agriculture in the course of four years than
the cost of the Bureau would amount to in
q hundred.
Hon. EBEy NEwros of Ohio. lately
discussed this subject in the House in
brief Speech of considerable research and
power. The pith of that Speech we pro-
coed to copy-as follows:
P,esden, TAYLOR in bis annual message Of December,
sao called the attention Of Congress directly 70 this
subject in the following manner;
10 the Improvement Of Agriculture except BY tne exPsndi
ture Of small for the collection and pupcanon o. NJ
bee inns far raid FOR out the Patent fund Ths AID y IN
my spini0n wholly Inadequate 10 give 10 inis ea.
hr5nch of American industry the ENCOURAGEMENT wncn
s-, rrSrecttaly recommend the establishment OF an
Agricultua al Bureau, TO be connected win tne
1.-THE Interior To elevate the social conc oh o. .ne 49,
cururist increase his prosperity ana 10 extend us
of uefress 10 his country by multiplying ms sources o. III
oruatop should be the study of every statesman ana pm
mary object with every legislator. , S....
Legislatures Vermont. NewiCrk, (nesry or quite unsn
imous) Massachusetts,, Tennessee, PsnnsyFahiA ais
bama and State Boards OF Ohio and New foIH, anu oi
Agricultural Societies. and also petitions, extensively,
from individuals bill from the minority OF the Com
mittee upon Agriculture was presented TO the House on
the 3lst of july 1850, TO establish an Agricultural bu,
and was never called up and from all this mass OF EVIL
dence ard the weight Of its influence and the demands
and wants Of more than eghteeH mtiioRs oil people
this little BILL from the minority OF the COMMITTEE,
the ro9pc and the only product May not the farmers
of the country be constrained 10 cry Our voice not
heard our prayers not regarded our interests are
passed over with too much Indifference
Within the last two years that prophenc uecisraton
of General Washington that smaller Societies must move
the nation to which before referred, Is oeing more
strongly demonstrated New.York has state society
and from seventy to eighty County socieues. iehhsyi
wanna has from twelve twenty County Societies, and
MANY grouped together Ohio has State Society, aud
seventy County Societies Massachusetts, has twelve
societies and in many OF these Societies several Coun
ties together Michigan has twenty County Societies
indiana a State Society. Kentucky, five County So
cieties Georgia, State Society and fifteen County
Societies. South Carolina has six County Socle-
ties Virginia has State Society," and three Coun'
~ Societies Maryland State Society and four Coun-
~ Societies Vermont State Society, and four Coun'
" Societies, and was the first State to ask us 10 estao
ish National Board. New-Hampshre, State so.
ciey and eight nine County Societies. and also asked
Congress to establish Board. Connecticut number
of County Societies Rhode Island has also passed reso
buttons asking Congress to establish Board Maine
has six County Societies Iowa, state Society, ana
six or eight County Societies. Wisconsin, State So
ciety Illinois, three County Societies Tennessee has
some County Societies, and two years since unanimous
" recommended National Board Florida has passed
a resolution for National Board. Louisiana, In 1915
passed law for Z Bureau.
President Fillmore in full view of of the increasing
agricultural interests OF the country and with great
practical wisdom, on the I'd day OF December, lsoo
made the following recommendation
More than hreeourths population are engaged
the cultivation of the soil The commercial manufacturing
and eating interests all to great extent depend
the agricultural 1t is therefore, the most important
interest of the nation and has just claim to the fostering
and protection Government so tar as they can be
extended consistently with the provisions OF the COnst
on As this cannot be done by the ordinary modes OF egs
laon respectfully recommend the establishment OF an
Agricultural Bureau to be charged with the duty OF giving
to eadng tranch of American industry the
which it well deserves In view of the Immense
mineral of country provision should also be
made for the employment of competent miDefaogia and
chemist who should be required under the direction OF the
head Of the Bureau TO collect specimens OF the vaous NM
erals of country, and ascertain, by careful analysis
their respective elements and properties and their adapta
ton useful purposes He should also be required to ex
anime and report upon the qualities OF different soils and
the best calculated improve their pfoductveoess
By publishing the results such experiments with suitable
sypsnsons and by the collection and of
seeds and plants with Instructions as TO the best system
of cultivation much may be done to promote this great ma
tional interest" 80,
Uson This message last year, in the House. no bill
reported, or action had. In the Senate bill was
reported but no action.
Secretaries Ewing and Stuart, in their annualreports,
both strongly recommend Board.
At this session President Fillmore again makes the
following Recommendation:
Agriculture may Justly lie regarded the great interest
of people Fourhs of active population are EN-.
poyed In the cultivation OF the SOIL and the expansion OF
settlements new territory Is daily adding to the
number of those engaged in that vocation Justice and
sound policy therefore, alike require that the Government
promote the and welfare of that important class of
felowctzens And yet 1t is singular fact that Will;
manufacturing and commercial interests have engage
the attention Of Congress during large portion OF every ses
son and statutes abound in provisions tor their proec
ton and little has yet been done directly TO
the advancement Of agriculture Ii time that this reproac
legglation should be removed and sincerely hop
that the Congress will not close their labos whou
adopting efficient means to supply the omission OF thos'
who have preceded them. .
An agricultural bureau charged with the duty of collect
ing and disseminating Information to the bss
modes OF cultivation, and OF the most efectna means OF pre-
serving ar restoring the fertility OF the coil ana OF pocnr
ing and distributing seeds and plants and other vegetab
productions with Instructions IN regard 10 the SOIL cmat
and treatment best adapted to their growth could not fail
be- in the language OF Washington In his last annual messas
to Congress- very cheap instrument OF immense nationa
benefit"
Gen. Washington, Mr.. Jefferson, Mr. Madison, Mr.
Monroe and Mr. Adams for period OF thrtysix years
consecutiyely, all recommended an improvement of
agriculture, national schools and the same prnci
pies and powers involved In each of their
mendatons, and no of the subsequent Presidents
advising against it Mr. Taylor and Mr. Fillmore strong
ly recommending, and their Secretaries the resolu
tons Of Legislatures petitions Of agricultural societies
and of the people and the interests of eighteen millions
OF our inhabitants, yea of the whole, ask If all this
bineds entitled TO any attention. TO any consideration
IL has received but very little. But am told there Ia
Patent Office, and that farmers abundanty enight
eDed with the crumbs that fall from It's table The Pa
tent Office until 1884, under General Jaeksons admit is
tTatioD, " hen he called Mr. Ellsworth to ii, bur
lesque, and is now, upon farming compared with the
wants of this great nation Mr. Ellsworth was pract.
cal farmer but be had all to do and nothing to do with
He the first in that Office to give any attention to
agriculture. But the first appropriation for that object
was in 1899 oOO for collecting agricultural statistics
in 1872 81 Goo in s43 So 900 in ls4i 81 0OO in l545
5000 in ls47, $500; in ls4s $500 in le49 So 500
In 1850 $500 in 1851, $500; total $4,000 in sew
enyfve years. The cost OF printing is NOT included
and cannot be ascertained, as the report of the Com
missioner all published in volume until the last
two years. What this small pittance do for this
great nationl Scarcely enough in any year to de-
fray the ordinary expenses Of correspondence.
The fund 10 to be distributed by the Commissioner of
Patents WHO'S not selected for his knowledge of agr
culture Whose main business is Of different character
and more than he do,) and may may not be ac-
quapted whit. The business must therefore be done
by an unaccredited agent Where is our Agricultural
Department. Pent upbn the cellar of the Patent Office
be al mid