The daily union., 1852-04-10

any oate But rs there no danger OF railing ino an
other error still dangerous and grevous than this
The States do not always gain by new apportionment;
some OF them lose OF their representation. They
might lose just as we'll in making apporonmrnt,
By getting into sausbbs making controversy about The
apportonmen To leave out portion OF their returns
Now, you establish the principle that Stale, with IN
compete returns under census shall retain all her
old representation then apprehend that you will have
no census those States that would lose by the new
apportonmen for you would have squabble in al those
States they could very well raise row Tor the purpose
OF retaining their old representation lsnecessary then,
in order TO do justice 10 all that when his apporloament
takes place II shall operate upon all aike
The honorable senator from California LNr. WELLERl
who addressed with much eloquence yesterday,
seemed 10 think that il would be great injustice and
hardship 10 deprive California OF representative under
these crcumstances-hat she was entitled 10 the same
rights as the other States. admit all that never have
denied and will deny her anything TO which she Is
Justly entitled She s our sister Stale upon the Pacific
She ought TO be- and doubt not ever will be- cherished
by this government Yet, while say that. am not pre-
pared to that because she is upon the Pacific and has
gold within her limits, she should be placed above and
beyond The other States will give her every privilege
to which she is entitled will give her the benefit oevery
doubt But when she stands here and asks for greater
privileges than given 70 the other Statesfor an adj
dtional representative without complete justification OF
her demandthen she is asking more than she is entitled
to, more Than conscenously consent TO give her
Give her all she is entitled to but apply the same rule TO
her as TO the other Staes and do not go beyond It,
has been said that is the duty Of the United States
take the censusthat they responsible tor the com
plete and satisfactory performance OF that duty. Wel
Sit, that is literally true. But still the argument IS not
entitled 10 that weight which gentlemen seem 10 wish 70
have attached to H. II s true that the census is nom
naly taken by the government OF the United States hut
is also true that the agents Of the States engaged in
also The States have interest in the matter II is
not part OF their ofcia duty 70 see that i IS done
properly, but in matter OF so much interest to them
they generally contribute 70 the performance Of that duty
Now, in the case OF California where there peculiar
why the greatest and accuracy should
be obtained in matter OF this kind, what il the
strict province OF the government Of the United States to
take this census When we take into consideration the
ho
fore TO have this representation when We consider the
doubts and difficulties that surrounded the subject when
was found out that the returns TO make up the repre-
sentaton wanting; when was clear that the appor
onment could not be made under the act Of 1850 for The
other portions OF the Union without these returns, do
think that il presents OF those extraordinary cases
wheret was proper and upon the State to aid in
this matter in some wayf not to take the regular census
at least to furnish such secondary evidence 10 satisfy
the government OF the United States that the number OF
representatives she asked for the number to which
she was entitled. Is there anything wrong in that? 1t
is not thing for States to take censuses
They generally do twice often as the government OF
the United Subsequently, in every four or five
years. Such things frequently occur. Now, California
more than twelve months ago, asceained that she could
not get more than one representative unless these
returns completed. The only reason that has
been urged why they were not completed was the
own interests might have advanced that money
to aid in carrying il out 1t was not her strict duty
| TO have done so but in a matter OF so much i'm.
porance to her, say il would have been proper and
expedien, for her 10 have done so and have doubt
that if any such secondary evidence had been Produced
in any FORM so as TO have satisfied the government here
would have been difficulty about at all The Sec
retay in what be upon the subject seems to desire
only secondary evidencc--not complete evidence. But
they gave us none of that kind
There are many ways in which estimates of population
be made. One OF the most ready ways TO make COM
putaiions, and which might be very easily obtained, is
rom the votes at general elections There was one in
California last about this tme when they were in
teresed in the election of their State and Legislative Off
GERS Now, they had submitted to US the votes poled
at that time, might have been enabled 10 make more
correct estimates than have been enabled 10 do. We
might have been enabled to judge where county is put
down al 10000 10000 II we had had the number Of
votes IN that county, whether there bad been any mis-
take. The number OF voters then might probably have
been larger in proportion than other States. on account
| oil the peculanty OF their population But we could
have made allowances for that II they had permitted
us 10 see their voles we might have made some compua
ton OF the population. For instance. il we see par.
hcular county represented having very large popua
on, and very small vote poed there, would
tany weaken the presumption that the population OF that
county large represented We should also have
had account OF the number that emigraied, when IL
is alleged that great many emigrants have returned
from California since the census was taken. The more
that reflect the more ! am impressed with the belief
that large proportion OF the population that have gone
TO California have returned TO the States see accounts
and statements every day OF the number who have gone
the mountains and The number that have IN the
ships in their ports suppose that IL could have been
ascertaned from the registers in their ports what number
departed in their steamers But none of these facts
third OF the emgmns that 10 California are now
there.
i Under these circumstances, cannot see how gentle
men can readily TO the conclusion TO which they
must come before they determine to adopt this amend
ment, that the population OF California is large enough
to entte her TO fD0 representatives Besides, al
lowance should be made regard TO the statement OF
the member OF the House OF Reprepresenativss from
California Mr. McCorke,) because perhaps had ref
to the present time, time subsequent 10
the taking OF The census Even surprising that the
ment was correct In reference 10 that time changes are
rapid and sndden in California The population may
have rushed 10 particular place where there gold,
and remained there till the gold exhausted, and
then gone rapidly 10 some other place. The country
Is peculiar one, and cannot apply the rule TO
California 10 other States Some towns have prob.
ably grown up there since this ought 10
have been iaken and other have diminished since
that time Now, under these circumstances and think
ing do, think that where go into estimates, they
ought be clear and unquestionabe they ought rest
upon such prcsumphons as that we cannot conceive OF
any others existing before 10 a conclusion.
Now ii honorable senator's cannot under these circum-
stances. TO the conclusion, beyond reasonable
doubt without evadng the testimony and facts before us
that California has population large enough TO eniitle
her to these REPRESENTATIVES, then say cannot rightly
and justly give her this additional representative This
is too delicate subject to be acted upon bypoiheti.
| cally
BADGER, who has Just addressed the Senate seems 10
be very much al a loss TO know how Louisiana have
any claim to another representative under any circum.
stances IL seems 10 that II is very simple case
Louisiana asks nothing than what granted 10 her
sister Saies and she has right 10 ask that and she will
ask that We cannot sit down tamely, whatever the
senator tom North Carolina Mr.. BADeERl may say, and