Semi-weekly North-Carolina standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1852-1853, 1852-03-31
,,o,rroN AND COTTON MANUFACTURES.

nf q
q s doDainnn, interes,s of Agriculture and Com,
neTce. CARLYLE has said that " Commerce IS HS.
If So Agriculture is Queen and the gree s.r ;rn
duct of the South is the innuen,o in all its nantes
1,;ns and publications. of the widest lnteles' au
;nor,ance-more intimately connected WIN .e ~ \
uress of society, than the narratives OF uy""'"'' ~
Sa,,Is6eIds of Kings or Congresses ~ .
Tha history of Cotton and Cotton Manufactures
hos consequently frequently engaged the atteIllo u
,hinkin0 minds and has been placed before ':.e pun
lie in different FORMS One OF these Is no"
and has attracted notice from Its interesting ~
nonsis of the leading facts and incidents conneceu
with the subject. 1t is the report OF very aoe u
dress delivered, few days since, before tne n
Work Historical Society, by ]. G. Dudley Esq. nc
maniess the most thorough knowledge OF ms
and we proceed to give an abstract OF MS ~ "
as being of much interest to our readers alu ''e
Southern people generally. ,, D,,o- s.id was
The eariv history of cotton, Mr.. Duoiey sd'u' We"
,.r.nned in much obscurity. 1t was mentioned oh'S
three or four times by the ancient Latin "Iitels G
not at all in the Bible it was hrst nenuoheu Wy
-odo,us Though it long cultlVa tee III NhIh"' ~
go o manufactured into cloth there till the conquest
of that country by the Tartars. Cotton manufactures
had been brought TO a considerable degree 81 Peleo
ton in Spain during the 10Th century. MI Duuey
alluded to the introduction of cotton into England "
the 18th century; wooden manufactures were known
there long before that time; in l64l little Work mo-
tces the manufacture Of cotton goods al Nahchesti'
as if il then had been novel thing; owing 10 lne
rudeness of the machinery then In use, none Oh te
finer fabrics were produced. In I7l8 the fly shutue
was invented, and at the same time nacnine ~.
spinning cotton by rollers was lnVen'e1' Ane M
machine for spinning cotton was called the HPlii-
nng Jenny" and was invented by Mr.. john FIheS.
I, was an imperfect machine, and there was no PROOF
that this invention original with MI Hines IN
1867 Hargraves invented the hrst machine TOT SPIN
ming IL threads at the same time; there was consul
erable excitement about II, people being uhder ue
impression that it would throw many persons out oil
EMPLOYMENT and several of them were destroyed by
the mob. ,ie, -
MIR. Dudley gave an account of the early lie OF
Richard Arkwright. His parents were very PooI;
and he was apprenticed to a barber He manifested
strong prediction for mechanics HIS character
was that Of stubborn perseverance, MT. u oesciioe
Arkwr rights first spinning machine. lie was ooiiSe1
to leave his native place, Preston In consequence OIL
the unfavorabe manner in which his Invention was
regarded by the common people, and went 10 N ot-
tingham, where he took out patent describing hlm-
self as clock-maker. The gradual progress OF the
invention, till its completion, and the olHerent ma.
chimes for cardng, were noticed; but the merit oil
combining all belonged TO Richard Arkwrlght, the
poor barber of Preston. These machines led TO the
erection OF manufactures. Before that period the
work was principally in the houses of the workmen
but now more space was required than could be at
fo1ded in a cottage. The personal history OF Ark
wright was also glanced at. He died al Brompton
leaving to his heirs nearly g2, 100000. Many I'm.
provements have since been made in the invention oil
Arkwrght, but they were too numerous TO be treat
ed of.
The invention of power looms next glanced at.
Bleaching by the sun was the first method The use
of chlorine discovered by Shale Swede, In bleach
ing, the greatest accession this branch OF the
trade ever, received. Printing cloth was practiced
from the earliest days. Pliny supports this view.
The old method was cutting the pattern in blocks,
and thus stamping it the calico. The invention OF
the cylindrical machine has rendered this now most
expeditions and easy method Watt, who discovered
the steam engine was the first to apply this power
to cotton manufacture. There present in Eng
land 1892 factories, and upwards of 1900 900
persons depending OIL this branch of trade for
their support.
After 1893 Cotton began first to be extensively Gull
tivated in the United States. The superiority of the
upland cotton was misunderstanding the cotton
from the fibre was first performed by manual labor {;
the machine invented by Mr. Whitney for this pur-
pose, described this exercised a considerable
influence upon trade, and rendered this country the
largest cotton growing country in the world. The
first shipment of cotton from this country to Eng land
made from Savannah by person named Miller,
who bought it from woman who broug hit it to market
in handkerchief. Cotton shipped from the United
States to England at first seized by the customs
the ground that such could not be produced in
America the statistics of the trade from the earliest
days down 10 the present were g ven. 1t was esti-
mated that from 1870 TO the present time the total
OF capital invested in this business, amounted
TO the of SILL ,69I ,666. The first cotton man.
uactory established in the United States was at
Beverly, Mass, in 1897.
In 1871, on the recommendation OF Alexander Ham
itoE, a number of spirited individuals Of New York
and New Jersey associated themselves for the pur-
pose Of establishing useful manufactures, Blu, more
Immediately for the production of cotton cloth. They
established place for that purpose in Patterson, N. J..
MIR. John Colt in 1922 the first that manufactured
cotton duck in this country, without starch. In 1907
there only 1000 cotton spindIes at work in Ken
lucky, most of the cotton then used having been i'm
ported from England, and the West Indies. The es-
adjustment of the factory al Lowell mentioned
From this period the manufacture of cotton cloth
steadily increased. The first cotton factory in New
York established in Oneida COUNT. These
manufactures have also spread through Pennsy
and more particularly Georgia. MIR. Banes who
wrote the history of the trade in England said
that the Americans seldom print that cloth but for
the future information of that gentleman he (Mr D. !
would say that there is much Calico printed in the
United States annually, would all that coun-
try with beautifully designed carpet, and there would
English operatives with the work of well paid Amer
lean artizans. The speaker concluded with notice
ofsevera persons who had contributed the advance
ment of the cotton trade, by the invention of auxilia
~ machines. Mobile Register.
HINTS FOR YOUNG LADns. If any young woman
waste In trivial amusements the prime for i'm
Provement, which is between the ages of sixteen and
twenty. they regret bitterly The loss when they come
TO feel themselves interior in knowledge 10 almost
every they converse with and above all if thew
should ever be mothers when they feel their inability
TO direct assist the pursuits of their Children thew
find ignorance severe modification and real evil
Let this animate their industry, and let a modest
opinion OF their capacities be encouragement to
them In their endeavors after knowledge. A modest
understanding, with diligent and well directed appl
cation, will go much farther than more livelv Geni-
u.s. If attended with Impotence and nattenon which