The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1852-12-11

therefore compelled to resort to very unsati>-
factory evidence to ascertain what that cost
was They take the invoice OF the importer,
attcSted hv his oath. as the best evidence of
which the nature of the case admits. But
every one must see that the invoice may be
fabricated, and the oath bv which IT Is sup
ported false. by reason Of which the dishonest
importer paws part onl ~ Of the duties which
are paid bv the honest one, and thus directly
receives from the treasury OF the United
States a reward for his fraud and perjury
The rrports of the Secretary of the Treasury
heretofore made on this subject, show conclu-
sivev that these frauds have been practised
to a Great extent The tendency is to destroy
that high moral character for which our mer-
chants have long been distinguished to de
fraud the Government of its revenue; to break
down the honest importer.by dishonest COM
petition; and finally. to trastcr the business
of importation to forei III and irresponsible a
gents, to the great detrlmcnt OF our own cIti
zens therefore again most earnestly rec
omend the adoption OF specific duties, where
ever it is practicable. or home valuation, to
prevent these frauds.
( would also again call vour attention to the
fact that the present tariff in some cases impo-
seS higher duty upon the raw material I'M
ported than upon the article manufactured
from it, the consequence of which is that the
duty operates to the encouragement OF the
foreigner and the Encouragement of our own
citizens.
( For full and detailed information in regard
to the general condition of our Indian affairs,
! respectfully refer Won to the report OF the
Secretary OF the Interior, and the accompan-
wing documents.
The Senate not having thought proper to
ratitv the treaties which had been negotiated
with the the tribes of Indians in California
and Oregon. our relations with them have
been left IN a very unsatisfactory condition.
/ In other parts of our territory particular
districts of country have been set apart for
.hr exclusive occupation of the Indians. and
their right to the lands within those limits,
has been acknowledged and respected. But
in California and Oregon. there has been no
recognition bv the Government of the eXcu-
>ive right of the Indians to anv part of the
country. They are therefore mere tenants
at >uiicrence. and liable to be driven from
place to place, at the pleasure of the whites.
The treaties which have been rejected pro-
posed to remedy this evil bv allottinr tn the
different tribes districts of country suitable To
their habits of life, and sufficient for their
support. This provision. more than any 9th
er. it Is believed, led TO their rciertion: and
as no substitute for it has been adopted hv
Congress, it has not been deemed adyi,ahi,
tn aitom,,t Ia enter into new treaties "f :, per
mancnr character. althou"h no effort has been
spared temporary arrangements to preserve
friendly relations with them.
Ii it be- III" desire Of Congress 10 rcmov,
them from the country altogcther.or To ASSN
To them particular districts more remote from
the settlements If the whites ii will he prop
cr 10 set apart by law the territory which the,
are t" orcupv. and to provide the means nee
r>-arv for removing them To it. Justice alike
To- our own citizens and 10 the Indians re-
qurr> the prompt action Of Congress, on TIN
subject.
The amendments proposed l., the Srnat,
I" the Treaties whIrh w"r.' NEGOTIATED with
the Sioux Indians Of Minnesota. have beer
submitted ~ IN. tribes who were parties t,
them AMI have received their assent \ laru,
tract of valuah" TERRITORY has thus been .
rcnrd for settlement and cultivation. and al
dancer IF collision with these powerful ALI,
warlik" bands has been happily removed
Tia" removal "a, the remnant Il the trih
"i Seminole, Indians from Florida has lon
hrcr 4 cherished 81 irct Of the Government
and It i one IN which my a,r"n'ion has hccl
steadily Directed A!moui-lrd hv past exTc
ricncr Of the difficulty and r">t ut the at'rmp
10 rrmov" Them b, military force, resort IN
been bad To conciliaforv measures Ry III,
invitation OF the Commissioner 81 ln!iIn AZ
tar- several Of the principal chiefs recent,
visited Washington. and whilst here cknnwl
rdecd in writing III" obligation of their tribe
TO rrm"v" with the least po>>ihl" delay.
Late ai,irc> from the special agent of III,
Government represent that they adhere t,
their promise. and that Il council of their PEE"
plc has been called to make their pr"limina
nv arrangements. 4 general emigration ma,
therefore be confidently expected at an early
lav.
The reror, from the General Land Office
shows increased activity in It's operations
The survey of the northern boundary of Iowa
has been completed with unexamp'rd dcS-
patch. Within the last wear 1922 9;i3 acres
OF public land have been SURVEYED. and s.
o32,46:; acres brought into market.
In the last fiscal YEAR there
were sold l,553,o.l acres,
Located with bounty land
warrants 3,ool,sl4
Located with other ccrtif
Gates 1869
Making total of 4S10O61
In addition, there were
Reported under swamp land
grants 5oloISS
For internal improvements,
4 railroads, &c. 3.02595O
Making an aggregate Of 13.llj.l.J s.
I Being an increase in the amount of lands
sold and located under land warrants of 569.-
800 acres over the previous wear.
h" whole amount thus sold, located under
land warrants. reported under swamp land
grants and selected for internal improvements,
exceeds that Of the previous wear bv 3.342.-
:s12 acres; and the sales would. without doubt,
have been much larger but for the extensive
reservations for railroads. in Missouri, Missis-
sppi, and Alabama.
For the quarter ending 30th September.
1852. there were sold 243o35 acres
Located with bounty land
warrants l,3s7.1l6
Located with other certfi-
Gates I56Iq
Reported under swamp land
grants 2.4S5.233
Making an aourpUate for tho