The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1852-05-05

mnsralogis and ehem, who should be rs9aired, under
the direction OF the head Of the bureau collect specimens
of tho various mine rails Of county, and ascerain
by careful analysis their respective elements and proper
also be required examine aud report upon The qualities
Of different soils, and tho Inanures best calculated to i'm
such enperInents with suitable eapsnaons and BY ,he
collection and distribution of seeds and pan with in
stfuctions To the best system OF cultivation, much may
be done 10 promote this great national interest" tr
| Upon this message last year in the House bill
reported " action had In the Senate bill reported,
Secretaries Ewing and Stuart in their annual reports,
both strongly recommended hoard.
AT this session President FILLMORE again makes the
| following recommendation aa.
Agcuture may Justly be regarded as the great interest
OF our people Four-ths of active population
poyed Ia the cultivation OF The soil, and the of
number OF those engaged in thar vocation Justice and
sound policy Therefore, alike eqae thai the
shonld use all the authorized by the constitution
promote the interests aud welfare OF that important class
h and ys ass
engaged the attention OF Congress during large portion
thif projection encouragement re has yet been
directly for the advancement OF agriculture Il is time that
this repoach TO our legislation should be removed and
sincerely hope tha, the present Congress will close their
labos without adopting efficient to supply the onis
"An Agricultural Barcau, charged with the duty Of col
Letting and disseminating information TO the best
modes oil cultivation, aud OF The most esctnal means OF
preserving and restoring the fertility the soil and OF pro-
curing and distributing seeds and plants end other
mate and reatment best adapted their gowh, could
a BE- in the language Of Washington, in his last
| i'm men national bcneft'p
And is ii not due his official relation after his re-
peaed recommendation, that We act either for or ans
| ni-and which way is the question.
General Washington, Mr.. Jefferson, MIR. Madison, Mr.
Monroe and Mr. Adams, for period OF hiriy-sK years
consecutvey, all recon nendel AN Improvement of agrl
culture national schools; and the principles and
powers are myoved in each OF their recommendations
and no one Of the subsequent Presidents advising against
1t; Mr.. Taylor and Nh Fillmore strongly recommending,
and their Secre the resolutions OF legislatures,
petitions OF agricultural societies and of the people, and
The interest OF eighteen millions OF our inhabitants YEA
OF the whoe-l ask il all this combined is entitled TO
any attention, any consideration II has received but
very little. Blu, am told there is Patent Office, and
The farmers are abnndany enlightened with the crumbs
during General Jacksons administration, when he called
Mr. Ellsworth to it, was burlesque, and is upon
farming, compared with the wants of this great nation.
Mr. Ellsworth was practical farmers but he had all to
do, and nothing to do with He was the first in that
ONCE 10 give any attention 10 agriculture But the hrst
appropriation for that object 1882 81 900 for col
ecing agricultural statistics; n 1912 $1,000; in lS43,
$500 in 1914 2 600 in 1s45, 50 000 1917, SO, 900
IN 1913, SO 500; in lS49 $780, 1850, ~, ,500 in
1851, IS $40: total, 29 900 in seventy five years The
OF printing not ncuded and cannot be ascerained
as the report OF the Commissioner all published in
one volume until the last two years What can this
small pitance do for this great naon Scarcely enough
IN any one year TO defay the ordinary expenses OF cores
pondence.
The fund is 10 be distributed by the Commissioner of
culture. (whose main business is OF different character.
and more than he can do,) and may may not be ac-
quanted with j. The business must therefore be done
by unaccreded agent Where is agricultural de-
parments Pent up in the cellar OF the Patent Office, and
cannot be found at midday without candle; and when
found single clerk, struggling TO get up the report
When II Is and out. there but four hundred vol
umes for each congressional district OF hundred
thousand poulaton and that reading people; and there
Is more call Tor this document than all others OF public
character and fast gaining in reputation from editors
over the Union and The public generally, inadequate as
it's.
| There is no country where the mind is SO inqusve
and information generally desired and possessed in
America. Travel over the whole world and return, and
the truth is seen and fell more palpably. To the
masses OF the world looking for improven phys
caliy and morally, and for ii they seek in thousands
daily. In the United States there but about thirty
agricultural periodicals pobshed, and there ve hun
dred thousand copies taken and read by the peope-a
mere drop to the There agricultural journals
in the State Of New York that have six times greater
saialon than any single paper OF the kind n Europe
This only shows how great the thirst ought 10 assist
4 in gratifying. In America there is not agricultural
school aided paronized by the government; and in
TACT may be said there is none al all Some are just
beginning 10 struggle for life but the faint feeble feeling
OF the general government nuses itself into every part
oil It's great family and parayzes the whole body There
not what may be regarded text book in any branch
| oil agriculture rural economy in America.
| Compare what America a nation has done with
what has been done by other nations. can but glance
at it. Russia has in all sixty. eight schools and coll
leges. She has agricultural institution with forty col
ege buildings. occupying three thousand OF land
and attended by several thousand students The Agri-
cultural Society OF ST. Petersbugh established by
Queen Caharine There under the patronage OF the
French government seventy school farms, besides FIVE
hrsclass colleges in which professors employed TO
lecture on botany zoology, chemistry, agriculture. and
the treatment of diseases in cattle the cullu OF
woods, forests, &c. These supported throughout the
country National establishments for the Improvement
OF breeds OF Stock and colleges for the education OF
veterinary surgeons, and investigating the OF all
discoveries contemplated for agricultural Improvement
The government expend in three veterinary schools
year ior instruction 754 200 fancs for instruction
rcuiufe, 2,73l 46S francs for encouragement IN agr
culture 100 0Oo francs for improvement, In the breeds
OF horses aad science connected with IL alone 78 400
francs Tue requirements for admission into these
rinsry schools follow; The applicant must be not
less than seventeen years of age, and not over twenty
i've, aud have the following qualifications: to be able to
forge horse shoe after two heatings-pas-
examination IN the French language, arithmetic, and ge
rdpby, and after four years study permitted prac
use veterinary surgery, aud receive diploma. In
Belgium great attention Is paid 10 the subject There
are hundred agricultural schools colleges esta5-
Ished by the high school Of veterinary sur
gerry Tue science OF agriculture the most fashionable
n the kingdom they their palaces furnished more
or less wtIn specimens OF the product OF the land
and are iarned ike garden These facts | know,
having travelled psderabe part OF that country
In Saxony, they have i've schools in Bavaria, thirty
lives ia Wur,emberg, seven IN Austria, tblrty-three;
10 Prussia ihuy-two in Italy, two; IN Scotland, two;
in iceland, sixy.three, The at Glassnevln near
Dublin. visited. IL consists OF one hundred and
tweny-eight OF good land. and convenient build
buildings TO acco nmodate one hundred or more
students With The teacher, Mr. Donagby, became
qusiDej He an intelligent practical With him
viewed the farm and their farming and buildings