The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1852-04-07

get assistants because he had no money pay them or
even to deiray their necessary expenses The Secretary
Is OF the opinion The agent should have taken the census
without money The agent AYERS that II was not posi-
BILE for him TO do think IT extraordinary
such as has not happened before and of peculiar
hardship, far California is concerned There was
fault in the law, not providing the for its ex
ecuton, by the officers OF this government, who, hav
ing the power under the law to furnish the agent with
Mr DOWNS The two honorable senators rely on the
report OF The census agent that these returns deec
tive and erroneous, and also the statement Of Mr.
McCorke-a member Of the other Housewhich goes to
show that they detective and who gives returns OF
one particular county would ask the senator TO con-
slider whether you take these estimates conclusive,
and act upon them, when have the statement o this
census agent, made in April ast-a year agoand when
he has had instructions, and the government has been
urging him correct his returns, and yet he
shows that no material correction has been made since
that time
agent mistaken in his coDecures, nasmuch during
twelve months he has submitted to the government
any facts this subject. although his duty to do
10 show that there error so with regard to
the statements OF Mr. McCorkle. have no doubt he
thought they inaccurate. He says county
turned bayng population OF ten thousand which, ac
coding his esmate has population OF thirty thousand
Now, upon question OF 80 mach Importance although
attach all proper weight to the estimates which have been
made it would be much more satisfactory ii the actual
population of one county had been enumerated and
counted, and estimated in the that has been
Wheh we consider ha TINS question o 'as popuaon
when there have been many conectures and so few
facs-when the question OF the admission OF California
that met with the most serious objections on ac
of the supposed in regard 10 her estimated
populaon-I say the fact that after year these errors
have not been corrected raises very strong presumption
that they not great they have been supposed
| to be-
The senator from California tells us that forty thou
sand persons passed BY single point on their % way ~
that. But we know know for | have the
lists OF the passengers by the seamersihat they have
been reurning too, in great numbers You see every
where persons who have been to California and have
returned. They are here even in Congress; and we
see them in this city, and in every village and every
settlement OF the country. II gentlemen will esti-
mate every man who ever has gone to California. sup
pose they may make up the number OF three hundred
in the estimates with reference to the population OF Cali
forna. 1t not like that of any other portion OF the
country which has been settled in our time. In every
other State there is certain degree of pemanency in the
population but many who 20 TO California leave their
families in the places from which they and expect to
return them again at future day. large portion of
them is impossible 10 say how many-s large major
itymore than moiety OF those who have gone to Cali
fornia-have gone not with the view OF making that coun-
the view Of getting gold and have returned 10 their
tive States and settled where they were before. You
cannot therefore apply any ordinary estimates in regard
to this population The only way you can ascertain their
number is to count them.
Again. sir you do not to attach any consequence
to the constitutional provision in such case This ID
not mere matter OF expediencyit is not matter
oil discretion 1t is rule OF the constitution that the rep
resentaton shall be based the enumerated popua
ton of State That rule never has been departed from.
and never can be departed from without violation Of
the constitution except in the OF the admission OF
new States, where there had been no opportunity OF
/ taking the census
Boithe gentleman has told you also that the popula-
ton OF California is increasing, and that by the nsxt ten
years she may be entitled to have
Than many others of the States Grant that that may be
the but let ask, is there other State in the
Union which will increase in its population within the
next ten years as we'll as the State OF California Is all
the population Of the United States going 10 TEEN into
California We know that by their increase within the
ha
rights; but that is why she should have
representatives than her population at prescn. would
Mr. GWIN Are we to be subjected to the loss OF our
representation while the population of State s actu
ally reported to be increasing There is other State
in the Union which s in the same situation as we are.
with rapidly increasing population.
Mr. DOWNS. There several other States that have
larger fractions than California has, and yet We are not
permitted TO come in the terms This il matter
OF strict Iuscenot matter of feeling concession.
There is rule which should govern this subject
applied TO every other State in the Union and see no
Ieason-favoraby disposed as the government OF the
United States has been towards California-why
should set aside rules and constitution in favor OF the
Stale OF California We have, Perhaps done too much
in regard TO that already; but l. for one ready to
STOP and am in favor o applying the same rule to her to
all other States. The committee have done so. They
have given to each Stale that representation TO which il
entitled, according TO the Yet called
on TO take the estimates OF the agents Nobody
asksnobody could ask-he rule TO be applied to
any other State The senator asks too much. and hope
that the Senate will not accede TO his request.
Mr.. BRADBURY. The senator from Louisiana made
the remark that the senator from California presented
facts 10 Impeach the returns, which act
with propriey Now, will allude to what regard in
the light of fact One OF the representatives OF Cali
ona refers TO the returns from the county OF Shasta,
giving the number of inhabitants three hundred and
seventy eight lie says he resided in that county that
he intimately acquainted with il, and that it contain
ed, in 1880, population oil six thousand souls.
/ Mr.. DOWNS | would ask the honorable senator
WHETHER IL he were asked the enumeration oil the pop
ulaon OF his town county, he could state II with
sufficient accuracy TO make II the basis of system OIL
representation know the part OF the State from which
come well is possible for person 10 know any
place. but yet could state definitely It's population
Il Mr. BRADBURY. | suppose IT would not be in the
power of the representative from California to state
with accuracy the precise number but suppose IL the
honorable senator from Louisiana should this
floor that the particular town in which he bad ressded
for two three years, and with which he intimate
y acquainted contained population OF six thousand.
that estimate would be sufficient to impeach a
turn which stated the population at only three hundred
and seventy eight, especially If, this case,
admitted by the person who made the return that
incorrect And insist that when the returns i'm
peached not only by the persons who make them but
also by the representatives Of the State and who that
they know the localities and give the particulars az to
those localities, bound to respect the information
formation sufficient 10 fix the precise popuIation
yet there is enough to convince us that we should
do great injustice by assuming basis returns mat are
shown TO be grossly erroneous feth IS on sncn re-
turns that the senator from louisiana feels bound TO de-
prve the State OF California OF one oil ie representa-
| lives. So
think that we have facts enough in the specifications