Hannibal journal and western union. (Hannibal, Mo.) 1851-1852, 1852-01-01

Engaged in agriculture, and by intcrmarriage
have become practically one tribe. They have,
generally, taken the temperance pledge, and are
said TO be doing well.
The condition Of the Iowas, Sacs and Foxes
of Missouri, and Kickapoos, issteadily improv-
ing. The Sacs and Foxes last spring lost about
Ione-iifth of their number with small pox. Prompt
measures were taken to prevent the pestilence
spreading.
Encouraged by the Iowas, three hundred Win
Inebagoes have settled and intermarricd among
1.-THE former. The frendliness Of those tribes,
and the extreme aversion Of the Winnebagoes TO
the country assigned them in Minnesota, rem
Iders questionable the policy Of disturbing them.
The three Commissioners to negotiate with In
dian tribes in Oregon, having entered upon their
!da'ies ie February lests reFcc. asat the lndi4hs
an the Willamette and Lower Columbia rivers
are peaceabiy disposed; but other tribes, north
and south, are wild and fierce. Six treaties have
been negotiated with various bands, and reserva-
Itions assigned them west Of the Cascade noun
Itains. They refused to have their none set a.
part for school or agricultural rurpo except
the Twaalty band. The Commi ssioner has been
dissolved.
Superintendent Dart considers the Indians
generally in Oregon as temperate, peaceful and
easily managed. He has negotiated several
iyet been received.
/ From our agents in California much informa-
tion has been received, but too desultory TO be
entrely satisfactory. Treaties have been made
with some eighty or ninety tribes; and there is
reason to believe that much good has resulted.
There are novel provisions in these treaties
with the Indians of California and Oregon, the
practical operation and wisdom Of which must
be determined by those whose appropriate pro-
vince is to make them the law Of the land.
The means applicable to Indian purposes in
California have been inadequate. Without large
sums Indian affairs in California and Oregon
cannot be properly conducted; and in this con-
nexion the Commissioner recommeds an Assist
ant Commissioner FOR that State and Territory.
The Commissioner adverts to Indian affairs
in New Mexico, and says that no change has
taken place there. The wild, desert and noun
t~inous country, the savage nature and untamed
habits of the Indians-the inhabitants often more
reckless than the Indians themselves--the scat
, , tered and heterogeneous population, are beyond
the control of the Department, and have pro-
t,.cc state 81 things sc 1cp.c-25.c - to rc-
der its acquisition misfortune, and its posses
sion a reproach to the Government.
The Commissioner upbraids the military, and
says the officers Of The army and the Indian a.
gents can hardly cooperate until the Governor
: name Superintendent of Iitdian Affairs
, An agent has been appointed for the Indians
i in Utah, and two sub-agents. delegation Of
Shosonees or Snake Indians, disAffected tribe,
3 were recently present at the grand council at
= Fort Laramie and left with more friendly feel
, ings.
d The treaties recently concluded by Superin-
G tendent Ramsey with the Chippewas, at Penn
n bina, and by Superintendent Mitchell and Agent
: Fitzpatrick, with the wild tribes of the prairies
= at Fort Laramie, came to hand at so late period
as to afford but little time for considering their
4 provisions; but they are fully explained in the
$ accompanying reports OF the Commissioners,
a who doubtless have discharged with fidelity and
c ability, the arduous and important duties i'm
c posed upon them.
There is no change in our Indian relations
h with Texas, nor is there likely to be, the Com
= missioners say, until the Indians in that State
: are placed under the exclusive control of the
j, General Government; and if Texas will not con-
e sent to the arrangement suggested, necessary as
it is TO the security of her frontier and the very
o existence Of the Indians, she can have no just
:. cause to complain of depredations committed by
: furnishing aboriginees OF the country, who GER
tainly have the right TO live somewhere, and
n nowhere more certainly than on the lands which
r they and their fathers have occupied for count
/, less generations.
d The Commissioners TO treat with Indians OF
d the border of Mexico finding the funds insufic
}. Ient, dissolved the commission. An account Of
II their proceedings is submitted.
r Anarrangement has been entered into will
e General Luther Blake, of Alabama, for the re.
Y moyal Of the Florida Indians West, which a:
N yet may be regarded as an experiment.
y The excess of the regular estimates for tn,
$ present over the past year amounts TO $59,4
,r caused mainly by an increased number OF agent
lin New Mexico and Utah, and the item Of $43,
ID 600 for interest Of Chocktaw scrip. The specia
ir estimate last year were 1884 ,954 66 more thar
IS the present wear, and the entire account exceed
ye The aooreoate sum of the regular and speciu
at estimate now submitted, 81 ,228, 3l2 52. Ad
er ditional appropriations, however, will be re
to qurcd. 80 =,
r. The second volume Of the work published b,
authority of Congress, under the direction {
al the bureau, containing information respecuns
If, the history, condition, and prospects oil the In
RS dian tribes Of the United States, is in press an
IS, will shortly be ready for distribution,
- The Commissioner concludes with some az
nd posite remarks in regard to the prac'icabihly
m ciyilizing the Indians, in which he refers to IN
ia d0baSing iIIfiuehUe Ui nv astE1ity
ms ltardine this work, and leaves the subject wit
ST. the observation that any plan for the oYizato
of our Indians will be fatally defective Y i doc
Of lnot provide in the most efficient manner-iirl
Of for their concentration. seeondy for their d.
lm imestication; and thirdly, for their ultimate \
ys lcorporation into the great body Of our eltize
he population. Repulican.
70 -
IA, We are often tempted to latgh iraaolelNtely
la certain pecuarities in others, without relleci
lthat our different methods ofdoinr thinas IN