The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-12-25
APpxHDlx TO CMsvs RXPoRT.


~ m9fo e0fkbky UenifvbRO tuA4 ~ ~ VI
i reads and OF internal ccnmusisatasa The
system Of rsilrosds canal turnpikss posEeutss r!vse
ssysstlo. s.A isss,:pss pe :, - ss 1870
power and sviisa'ion more wo.dsrfm thsn any other
fSsture Of its presr~s In truA our counesy n tais
respect occupies ths rrt place among IL nations u the
From returns received ths once In reply 70 D ecIs
Sixculars end other Of infornaon Il 10 Ger
taissd that tbsrs were ct The coaasIOsnsat Of
ths yese 1852 ,boussnd eight hundred ssd four
' s %'; T.. o. .ss and
sight miles were thsn In course o. oonsstasuoa'
Nth prop.ss o. owing speedily sioSsh. ns.o s sss
unsy eight miiss vii beyond reasonabls doubt. have
been finished vtsio i've years such the activity With
which prs octs TOR OF this character exc brought
forward and carried feet that s mot extravagant
TO that here win be completed within limits
OF the Upd ss~s before the year 1850 st least thirty
I've th cufsDd p-s o. railroad
The Quincy RELOAD for the transportation Of granite
fcn the aOssres a. Quincy e ssstsn hszS0r and
TO the Lehgh Rivr Psnnrylvsnia were the first e.
temple 10 inroduce bat mode Of trsuspsr In this
country and Their conjunction and opening In tho years
1896 and "a properly considered the commencement
Of the American fsi DAD y-tem fron this period until
ran was IN teup,,a only by the ausncis revuson which
followed the ev.bts OF 1915 aud 3T. Up 10 1648 IL Is
stated that shout miles had been finished Since
that date oicn 600 miles hls been made to the
completed snd including the pre.ent year, new
lines compriir about "A COO miles have been under
takca surveyed ., molly placed under contract.
The useul ooiopatative economy Of railroads
chspnes Of and travel have become evi
dent that 6uQefee0e0 Oeu0lS
and likely to ess.ct seriously from the
nsSeaae rivers for bse purposes In new oouauy like
ours msny items which 60 to swell the cost Of
railroads In EDgsi and on the continent avoided.
Material cheap the right OF way usually freely granted
and heavy LAND s.msgrs seldom nterposs to retsrd
10 arrive at . c,oes spproxiuation the average
cost Of railroad construction In tho United States
Probably the hrsr important work Of this class
undertaken and carr ed through In tho Union the
cheapest as t has prosed CT the most profitable
built THIS Wa ,bs road from Charieson in South Ca
rOinA q ON ha Saws 6Dished
and opened for trsf, in 1888 The entire expense OF
building the esd equ'pping 1t with engines and
for passengers .pd freight 1t the date OF Its coU
petAoa only So milo, and all expenditures for
pairs and iDpTov+ncn during the eighteen years that
the road has been operation have raised the aggregate
sost OF the work TO only sa366l5 or less than $4,000
per mae.
ed in New England have cost sI32 600 600 which gives
en- average Of nearly 900 per mile In the middle
States where the natural obstacles are somewhat less
the average expire per mile OF the railroads already
built Is not far from $40 900. Those In of
completion Is the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Penn.
sylvana Central AM other lines the routes Of whtch
the Allegheny Of mountains, will probably
require larger proper nste outlay, owing to the heavy
expense Of gradrg briegng and turnelIny. In those
states where Lord has become esosdiugiy valua
bic, the cost OF extinsui.hing private titles to
the real required and the damages to property
along tho routes, mln heavy item In the account Of
general expenses building railroads In the south and
West the Gaze is r.vrsed chers the propricoTs along
the proposed line OF read arc often wiling and anxious
70 give ~ much ar as may be needed for s purposes
accord many other ad .antages in order its
III the States yrs the valleys OF the Ohio and Miess.
sppi the cost OF aiding also Ii much less than at the
BE- obtained rat ,s msSs cost Of mo,inr !, from ehs
track and through prairie districts.
hays prepared The way for these structures by removing
every OBSTACLE from the surface while fine Quayries OF
stone 10 be foUno almost every region These ia
obs oircumss render the estimate Of $40 GOO per
mile in all the States, safe and reliable.
The primary De- go OF nearly s the great ass Of rsh
way In the Uniso States, has been connect the
ooast with the isiapt interior effect which object it
M AllpC1nni0g
every line Of tav oregpg TO tho cast from tho great
oommervisl ciiits OF The 'sabonrd
The following some Of tho vast enterprises which
have beer taken TO accomplish THE great purpose
which have either BE- fnith.d or are ia such state Of
prssrefs eay doubt Of their being brought to
suecesefu issue ~ii h,n few years.
lint-Ihe rail cads connecting Portland. the coumer
through Their pubic works the st. Lawrence river and
the lakes, with the Western States Of the Union.
SccoDd-The railroads from Boston west ward. connect
ing Al Albany with he reads Of central New York and
by the noie nor b.rn route uavers0g New Hampshire
sua ysme. . eons,ns'fs ssw.ra The wsst by he O.
mercis city Of Upsrr Canada into communication with
1hirc-The Nts YoIk and Erie Rsilrcse extending
from New Yosk city Lake Erie and intended to form
part Of CONTIGUOUS line from the Hadfon TO the Mi.
sppi pnject likely to be effected within the ensuing
Fourth The Penney lvaEs Central Rslroad from Phi
lsderb,a 60 Ptseurg with numerous divcrspg yeaches
70 points porth and sub Of the general direction This
great route vii reach So Louis by nearly Due vest
osuras through Ohio Inaana, and Illinois. The Penn
1864
Flfth-Tte Baltimore and Ohio gsrosd, ono of the
mcss magnificent ~ork. of the cay, will pass from Bau
more through Maryland and Virginia, to Wheeling the
Ohio a. the attr poInt it will form connection with
the sysem OF roads rsyerpg the west and north west
II the ali sbane BY tho most favorable passes
end 90 avoid tho MT tunnel has been cut per
hsps the oh ees. snd most expensive In tue world
Sixth 1.-The rUEas propo.cd 10 be constructed under
authority Of Virginia spd already commenced Intended
establish uricatiop bet tide water aud the
interior Southwestern parts Of that State and to
continue he same through tennessee to the Mississippi
These routes through the mountains s the south
set corner OF yrna aud the works are In o state of
LES tLoee upon any other OF the great
Gnes referred 10 in This connection
seven,bVLe several iues Of railroad from Charleston
and Sevaprah penetrating South Csroins and Georgia
concentrating in North eastern Alsbsma ard reaching
che level region Of the Mississippi by the valley Of the
Tennessee CHEESE roads, by their geetefD
ttnustions viii inter- lines running to every impor
tspt point bel the mountains and the Mississippi
Eighh-fh and Mobts Railroad from the Next
Gulf to CAIRO the ohio river and thcpcs by the
Illinois Ctntiat Railroad to the lakes distance, in
straight line, # about eleven hundred miles
will be ssen At glance that the leading Idea in all
these vast nierres vas 10 overcome the barrier
sented by tsis elD Of mountains, TO direct apd
sricied intercourse bweep the Eesbosd and the West
and to supply the san OF those natural channels Of
merce nsveabl. rivers. extending into the section
DEERE TO TIE aggregate expense OF the
numerous works specified shove. undertaken With this
object spd thru Importance as public improvements
New York and Erie Railroad which occupies the third
plsce in cur precec irg enumeration The longest
tnuous line OF railroad In the world and that la the
been IL that which extends from tho Hudson
river through the southern counties OF New York, TO
Lake Erie.
Its hngth is fsur hundred and sixty nine miles. and
has habohee Of additional length OF Sky eight
miles. NeaslJ its whole course is through re
gion q mountains The bridges by which It 10
carried over the Delaware and susquehanns rivers
and Other streams, and the visducts upon
which crosses toe vail that intercept route are
among the Loblest monuments OF power and skill to be
found in country The most Of thesc are Of
heavy mnfoBIy but Of them IL wooden bridge Que
bur orr eighty feet in height with one arch
the sJen Of wbcp hundred and seventy Eve feet
One Of the viaoucts Ia thousand two hundred feet
lorg enc one bDi dr. and ten feet hieh
The aggregate cost OF his important work $685.
Gee, The expense OF Si2 923 per
mile The rad was originally suggested in 1899; otm
psny iesoz.d in 1852; surveys made Ia the
Hne year and operations begun by grading part
of he route 1888 1t was finished IN Nay 1851 ard
opened wi great ceremony for travel and port alton
in that month Tire sTatc advanced three millions Of
dollars tosarde the work and afterwsrd released the