Daily American telegraph., 1852-07-14
Australia.

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est width about loo miles; in length, about
2,100. The native inhabitants were but q few
years ago estimated at 5000; the colonists, at
100000. The annual increase of the latter had
been very great prior to the great discovery Of
the precious metals; but inasmuch as it was
made the exile of British felons, a reproach was
likely to rest upon its people, which must now be
removed or obliterated by the sudden and ex-
traordinary increase it is receiving by means of
the voluntary retreat to it of thousands upon
thousands of the most worthy people of Eng
land--the honest, enterprising, intelligent, and
moral middle classes" who are the really yir-
tuous people of that kingdom.
From an account now before us we learn that
g the emigration from England is enormously
large-equal almost to that from this country
when gold was first discovered in California.
Englishmen are leaving their native land by every
vessel bound for Australia. Fifty large ships are
taking in cargoes in the London docks alone for
Australia Numerous vessels are about to leave
Liverpool, Glasgow, Bristol, and other ports, for
the same destination 1t is said that one ship
left England two weeks since with eight hundred
emigrants on board, and a crew of sixty persons!
Most of the persons emigrating take with
them small stocks of British manufactures in
tending to commence business on their own ac-
count when they arrive. An immense number
of clerks in wholesale and retail shops in London
and the country, and merchants, bankers, and
government clerks have given the usual notice of
heir intention to leave their situations Their
present salaries range from seyenty-fye pounds
up to FIVE hundred pounds per annum, and yet
permanent situations are suddenly given up for
an uncertain position in Australia Merchants
and bankers fnd it difficult matter to supply
the places made vacant in their establishments
by clerks who have already left. The manufac-
turing, mercantile, and other large establish
ments throughout the country are feeling sens-
bly, the effects of this wholesale emigration. The
vacancies thus created will not be easily filled at
the present very low salaries"
The first effect Of these sudden transitions is
found in the increase in the price Of labor the
second, indhe increase in the quantity of gold;
and the third will probably be seen in the dimin-
ished market value Of that metal. But the great
permanent effect will no doubt be the rapid
growth Of q great empire for English colonists
have but limited gratitude toward their mother
country. Australia will, before many years, be-
come important in its productive, social, and
political aspects, as well as in many others; and
while the people Of the United States are exult-
ing in the expansion Of their own domains, and
the growth Of their population, this new rival
may possibly divert from our shores the multi
tudes Of Europeans who are seeking larger
liberty in the sparse regions of a new world.
What an expanse opens before the vision of the
Christian philanthropist What field for the
conflict between the advocates Of an established
church and hierarchy Of alleged divine appoint
ment and the champions Of the open Bible and
private Interpretation