The miners' express. (Dubuque, Iowa) 1849-1854, 1852-12-15

slrous national object am still willing to hop
that the differences on the subject which exist
| or may hereafter arse, between the government
may be amicably adjusted. This subject, how
ever has already engaged the attention Of tn,
Senate of the United States, and requires III
further comment in this communication.
| The settlement of th> question respecting the
port Of San Juan de Nicaragua, and Of the con
troversy between the republics of Costa Ric;
and Nicaragua, in regard te their boundaries
was considered indispensable to the commence
ment Of the ship canal between the two oceans
which was the subject of Convention between
the United States and Great Britain, Of the l9tf
| of April, 1850. Accordingly proposition fol
the same purposes, addressed to the two govern
ments in that quarter, and to the Mosquito In
dians was agreed to in April last, by lhe Sec
iary of State and the Minister of Her Britannia
Majesty. Besides the wish to aid in reconcina
the differences of the two republics, engaged
in the negotiation from desire to place The
great work Of ship canal between the two
oceans under one jurisdiction, and to establish
the important port of San Juan de Nicaragua
under the government of civilized power
The proposition in question was assented to by
Costa Rica and the Mosqnito Indians. 1t ha.
not proved equally acceptable to Nicaragua, bu
it is to be hoped thai the further negotiations or
the subject which are in train will be carried
on in that spirit of Cancellation and compromise
which ought always to prevail on such occasion.
and that they will lead to a satisfactory result
have the satisfaction to inform you that the
executive government of Venezuela has ac
knowledged some claims of citizens of the
United States, which have tor many years pas
been urged by our charge d'affairs at Caracas
1t is hoped that the same sense of justice viii
actuate the c. ngress of that Republic in Iprovi-
d,p.v th, u,eaus in their navmpnf
The recent revolution in Buenos Ayres and
the conf. derated States having opened the pros.
pect of an Improved state of things in that quar-.
ter, the Governments Of Great Britain an6
France determined to negotiate with the chIe
of the new Confederacy for the free access o.
their commerce to the extensive countries wa
tered by the tributaries OF the La Plata and
they gave friendly notice Of this to the United
States, that we, might if we thought proper pur
sue the same course. In compliance with this
invitation, our minister at Rio Janeiro and onI
charge 'cffaires at Buenos Ayres have been
fully authorized to conclude treaties with the
newly organized Confederation, or the State.
composing it: The delays (which have takr
place in the formation of the new government
have as yet prevented the execution of those in
structions but there is every reason to hope
that these vast contries will be evuetuaily O.
pened to our commerce.
treaty Of commerce has been concluded be
tween the United States and the Oriental Re
public of Uruguay, which will be laid before the
Senate Should this Convention go INTO ope-
ration, it will open to the commercial enterprise
of our citizens a country of great extent snd un
surpassable in natural resources, but from which
foreign nations have hitherto been almost Who'll
ly excluded
The correspondence of the late Secretary o
Ga -, ~Ln Ifo<Y
to the Lobos Islands was communicated to Con
gress towards the close of the last session.
Since that time, on further investigation of the
subject, the doubts which had been entertained
of the title of Peru to those Islands have beer
| removed and have deemed it just that the
temporary wrong which unintentionally done
her from want Of information, should be repair
ed by an unreserved acknowledgement of heI
sovereignty.
have the satisfaction to inform you that the
course pursued by Peru has been credi.able tt
tho lberality of her government. Before it wa,
known by her that the title would be acknowl-
edged at Washington, her Minister of Foreign
Affairs had authorized our charge d'afairs al
Lima to anounce to the American vessels which
had gone to the Lobos Tor guano, that the Pc
ruv,an Government was yelling TO freight them
on its own account. This intention has been
Carried IN o effect ny tHe uSi ie
by an arrai cement which is believed TO be ad-
| vantageous to the parties in interest.
Our settlements on the shores of the Pacific
have already given great extension, and in
some respects new direction, to our commerce
in that ocean. A direct and rapidly increasing
intercourse has sprung up with Eastern Asia
The waters of the Northern Pacific, even into
Arctic sea, have of late years been frequented
by our whalemen. The application of steam to
the general purposes Of navigation is becom
ing daily more common, and makes 1t desire
able to Obtain fuel and oiher necessary supplies
at convenient points on the route between Asia
aud our Pacific shores. Our unfortunate couu
trymen who from time to time suffer shipwreck
on the coasts of the eastern seas are entitled &c
protection. Besides these specific objects, the
general prosperity of our States on the Pacific
requires that an attempt should be made to open
the opposite regions of Asia to a mutually ben
eficial intercourse. 1t is obvious that this at
tempt could be made by no power to sog It ad
vantage as by the United States, whose consti
| tutonal system excludes every idea of distant
colonial dependencies. have accordingly beer
led to order an appropriate naval force to Japar
under the command of discreet and intelligent
officer Of the highest rank known to our ser
vice. He is instructed to endeavor to obtair
faom the government or that country some re
taxation OF the hospitable and anti social system
which it has pursued for about two centurirs 8
He has been directed particularly to demonstrate
in the strongest language against the cruel treat
ment to which our shipwrecked marines have
often been subjected, and to insist that they
shall be treated with humanity. He is instruc
ted however, at The same time to give tina
government the amplest assurances that tht
objects of the United States are such, and such
only as have indicated, and that the expeditor
is friendly and peaceful. Notwithstanding the
jealousy which the government of Eastern Asia
regarded all overtures from foreigners, an
not without hopes of beneficial result of the
expedition Should it be crowned with success
thu. advantages will not be confined to the
UnNsA States ,but,as in the case of China will be
equally senioyed by all the other maritime pow
ers. havd much satisfaction in stating that in
| all the steps preparatory to the expedition the
Government of the United States has beer
materially aidedby the good officers Of the KING
Of the Netherlands, the only European power
having any commercial relations with Japan
In passing from this survey Of our foreign re-
lations, invite the attention of Congress t.
the condition Of that department Of the govern.
ment to which this branch of the public bust
ness is entrusted. Our intercourse with foreign
powers has of late years increased, both in
consequence of our own growth and the intro
duction Of many new States into the family o.
nations, In this way the Department Of State
have become overburdened. 1t has by the re
cent establishment Of the Department Of the
Interior, been relieved of some portion of the
domestic business. If the resldue of the bust
ness of that kind, such as the distribution o.
Congressional documents, the keeping, pub
fishing and distribution of the laws of the United
States, the execution of the copy right law, the
subject of reprieves and pardon, and some othei
subjects relating to interior administration
should be transferred from the Department o
State, it would unquesiionably be for the benefi
of the public service would also suggest tha
the building appropriated to the State Depart
ment is not fire proof; that there are defects il
its construction, and that the archives of tn,
government in charge of the Department, will
| the precious collections of the manuscript papers
of Washington, Jefferson, Hamilton, Madison
and Monroe, are exposed to destruction by fire
A similar remark may be made of the building
appropriated to the War and Navy Department
| The condition OF the Treasury is exhibited il
the annual report from that Department.
| The cash receipts into the Treasury for tn,
fiscal year ending the 30th June last, exclusiv,
of trust funds, were $49,72S, 1860, and tn,
1 e. <Io ricl