New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1852-08-21


mort h.rn part Of the foundation OF the tempe'
there ARE some very fn- remains Of ancient
workmanship. From the city wall. tine ground
descends abruptly TO the Valley Of Jchosaphat -
| The rurksh residents have their tOnhs on the
city side, Just under the terrace Of the mosque,
! while thousands Of Jews find peculiar keatitud3
! in having Themselves inferred on the opposite
SLOPE Of the Mount Of Olives, which ls IN some
| place quite Covered with their crumbng tomb
stoncs The bed OF the Brook kedron is DOW dry
and stony. a sort Of chapel, built IN the bottom
! ofthc valley, i supposed by the Greeks to cover
the tomb Of the Virginia claim which the Lstins
consider absurd. Near this, at the very tJot Of
the Mount of Olives, the batter sect have lately
built high stone wall around the Garden Of
| Gethsemane, for the purpose apparently. of pro-
tectiDg the five aged olives. ! am ignorant of the
grounds wherefore Gethsemane is placed here
Most travellers have given their faith TO the spot,
| but DR.. Robinson, who is more reliable than any
amount of mere tradition, does not coincide with
them. The trees do not appear as ancient as
| SEINE of those ut the foot OF Mount Carmel, which
are supposed to date from the Roman colony es-
tablished by Titus. Moreover, it is well known
that at the time of the destruc tion of Jerusalem
| by that Emperor, all the trees, for many miles
around, were destroyed. The olive-trees, there
fore, cannot be those under which Christ rested,
even pposing this to be the true site of Gethse
name.
| The Mount of Olives is steep and rugged hill,
| considerably higher than the city and the
rounding nights. 1t is still covered with olive
orchards and planted with patches Of grain, which
| do not thrive well on the stony SOIL On the sun-
nit is q mosque, with a minsret attached, which
affords grand panoramic view. AS we reached
it, the Chief of the College of Dervishes, in the
court of the Mosque of Omar, came out, with
| number of attendants. lie saluted us courteous
| ly. which would not have been the case had he
been the Superior of the Latin Convent and we
| Greek Monks. There were some Turkish ladies'
| in the interior of the mosque, so that we could
| not gain admittance, and therefore did not see
the rock containing the footprints OF Christ, who,
| according to the Mosem tradition, assembled to
| heaven from this spot. The Mahommedans, it
may not be generally known accept the history of
Christ, except his crucifxOn, believing that he
passed to heaven without death, another person
| being crucifed in his stead. They call him the
Rok. Allan, or God. Soul, and consider him, after
Mahomet. as the holiest of the Prophets.
We assembled to the gallery Of the minaret.-
| The city lay opposite, so fairly spread ont to
| view that almost every house might be separately
distinguished. It's mass of gray buildings with
| dome-Ioofs, and but for the mosques of Omar and
! FL Aksa, with the courts and galleries around
them, would be exceedingly tame in appearance.
4 10 oil ;nf MA no tO
! of the Holy Sepulchre, II CITADEL enclosing Her
| DDS Tower, and the mosque on Mount Zion. The
| Turkish wall, with its sharp angles, its square
bastions, and the long, embrasured lines of its
parapet, is the most striking feature Of the view.
| Stony hills stretch away from the city on all
sides, at pre- sent cheered with tracts of spungng
wheat, but later in the season brown and desc
| late. In the south the convent of st. Elias is
visible, and part of the little town of Bethlehem.
passed to the eastern side Of the gallery, and
there, deep down among the sterile mountains,
cleaned long sheet of blue water its southern
| extremity vanishing in hot sulphury haze. The
mountains Of Ammon and 0lOab which formed
the back ground of my first view Of Jerusalem,
leaned like vast wall against the sky, beyond
| the sea and the broad valley Of the Jordan The
great depression of the plain below the sea-leve
| gives it most remarkable character 1t appears
even deeper than is actually the case, and resem-
! bles an enormous chasm or mOat, separating two
| different regions of the earth. The khamseen
was blowing from the desert, and threw its veil of
fiery yapor over the landscape. The muezzin
pointed out to me the location Of Jericho, of Ke-
rak in Moab and Es-Salt in the country of Am
mon. Ere long the shadow of the Mnaret de-
noted noon, and placing his hands on both sides
of his mouth he cried out first on the South side,
toward Mecca, and then to the West, and North,
and East: "God is great: there is no God but
God and Mahomet is His Prophet Let Us pros
trate ourselves before Him: and to Him alone be
the glOryw
Jerusalem, internally, gives no impression but
that OF filth, ruin, poverty and degradation.
| There are two three streets in the western or
| higher portion Of the city which are tolerably
clean, but all the others, to the very gates of the
| Holy Sepuchre, are channels of pestllence. The
| Je wish Quarter which is the largest, so sckened
| and disguised me that l should rather go the
| whole round Of the city walls than pass through
it a second time. The bazaars are poor, COM
pared with those Of other Oriental cities of the
same size, ana the principal traue seems TO Dc IN
| rosaries, both Turkish and Christian, crosses,
seals, amulets and pieces of the Holy Sepuchre.
The population, which may possibly reach 10000,
is apparently Jewish, for the most part at least,
have been principally struck with the Hebrew
face in my walks. The number of Jews has in
creased considerably within few years, and
| there is alss quite number who, having been
| copvartpd N Drntp brouuhf bithar
at the expense of English Missionary Societies for
the purpose of forming Protestant community.
Two of the hotels are kept by families of this
class. The English have lately built very hand
some church within the walls, and Rev. DIR. Cobalt
rell known by his missionary labors in Abyssinia,
| now has the title Of Bishop Of Jerusalem. A