The Hillsdale standard. [volume] (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1851-1909, 1852-12-14

cruel treatment to which our shipwrecked ma |
riners have often been subjected, and to insist
that they shall be treated with humanity. Hc
is instructed however at tho same limo to givo
that government the amplest assurances that
the objects Of the United States are such only
as have intimated. and that tho expedition is |
friendly and peaceful. Notwithstanding tho
jealousy with which the governments Of East
crn Aisa regard all overtures from foreigners |
am not without hopes of a beneficial result of
the expedition. Should il be crowned with
success, the advantages will not be confined to
the United States, but as in the case of China,
will be equally enjoyed by all the other mara
time powers. have much satisfaction in sta
ting that in all the steps preparatory to this
exhibition the government of the United States
has been materially aided by the King of tho
netherlands, the only European power having
commercial relations with Japan.
In passing from this survey of our foreign
relations, / invite the attention of Congress to
tee condition of that department of the Govern
ment to which this Branch of the public bnsi-
moss is entrusted. Our intercourse with for
eign powers has of late years greatly increased
both in consequence of our own growth and tho
introduction of many new States into the fam
lily ofnations. In this way the Department of
the interior, been relieved of some portion of
the domestic business. If tho residue of that
kind, such as ihe distribution of Congressional
documents. the keeping, Publishing and distri
button of the laws of the United States, the ex
ecution of the copyright law, tho subject of re-
prieves and pardons, and some other subjects
relating to interior administration, should be
Transferred from the Department Of State, it
would unvuestionably be for the benefit of the
public service. / would also suggest that the
building appropriated to the State Department
is not fire proof that there is reason to think
there are defects in its construction, and that
the archives of the Government i'm charge of
the Department, with the precieus collections
of the manuscript papers of Washington, Jef.
ferson, Hrmiton, Madison and Monroe, are ex-
posed to destruction by fire. A similar remark
may be made of the buildings appropriated to
the War and Navy Department.
The condition of the Treasury is exhibited
in the annual report from the Department
The cash receipts into the Treasury for the
fiscal year ending the 30th of June last, exclu-
sive of trust funds, were forty nine millions sew
en- hundred and twenty eight thousand three
hundred and eighty six dollars and eighty nine
cents, ($49, ,72S. 1856 87,) and the expenditures
for the same period, likewise exclusive of trust
finds. were forty six millions seven thousand
eight hundred and ninety six dollars and TWEEN .
cents, ($49;007 1896 20.) of which nine millions
four hundred anc fifty five thousand eight hum
dred and fifteen dollara and eighty three cents
(S9, ,455.8l5 83) was on account of the princi
pal and interest of the public debt, including
the last instalment of the indemnity to Mexico,
under the treaty of Guadalupe TIidalgo, leaving
a balance Of Sl4.632.136 81 in the treasury ON
the first day of July last. Since this latter pe-
riod, further purchases of the principal Of the
public debt have heen made to the extent of two
millions four hundred and fifty six thousand
fva hupHrad aud f,rtxy Inl1 apIf
nine cents, (S2. .556,54 49) and the surplus in
the Treasury will continue to be applied to that
object, whenever the stock con be procured
within tho limits as to price, authorized by law
Tho value of foreign merchandise imported
during the last fiscal was two hundred and sew
EN- millions two hundred and forty thousand
one hundred and one dollars, ($2O7, ,24O, 1919
ond the value of domestic productions export
Cd was one hundred and forty nine millions
eight hundred and sixty one thousand nine hun
dred and eleven dollars, (S149.S61 .9ll.) be-
sides seventeen millions two hundred and four
thousand and twenty six dollars. (ssl7 ,2O4 026)
of foreign merchandise exported: making the
aggregate of the entire exports one hundred
and sixty seven millions sixty five thousand
nine hdndrcd and thirty seven dollars, ($l67,-
065,937:) exclusive Of the above there was eX-
ported forty two millions FIVE hundred and sew
thousand two hundred and eighty five dollars
[S42 507, ,2S5] in specie, and imported from for
eign ports five millions two hundred and sixty
two thousand six hundred and forty three dol
lars, [$5.262,643.]
In my first annual message to Congress call
ed your attention 10 what seemed TO mo some
defects in the present tariff, and recommended
such notifications as i'm my judgment were
best adapted to remedy its evils and promote
the prosperity of the country. Nothing has
since occurred to change my views on this i'm
portant question.
Without repeating tho arguments contained
in my former message, in favor of discrimina-
ting, protective duties, | deem it my duty to
call pour attention to one or two other consid-
erations affecting this subject The first is tho
effect OF largo imporiations of foreign goods
upon our currency. Most ofihe gold of Cali
forna, as fast es it is coined finds its was direc-
tly to Europe in payment for goods purchased.
en- tho second place, as our manufacturing es-
Establishments are broken down BY competition
with foreigners, the capital invested in them is
lost, thousands of honest and industrious citi-
zens are thrown ott of employment, and the
farmer to that extent is deprived OF home
market for the sale of his surplus produce In
the third place the destruction of our manufac-
lures leaves the foreigner without competition
in our Market and he consequently raises the
price of the article sent hero for sale, as is now
seen in the incfease cost of iron sent here from
England. The prosperity and wealth of eve-
ry nation must depend upon its productive in
dustry. The farmer is stimulated to exortion
by finding ready market for his surplus pro-
ducts, and benefited by being oblo to exchange
them without loss of timo or expense of trans
portation, for the manufactures which his COM
fort or convenience requires. This is always
done to tho best advantage where the portion |
of the community in which he lives is engaged
in other pursuits. !.
But most manufactures require an amount
of capital and a practical skill which cannot
be commanded. unless they be protected for
time from ruinous competition from abroad. |
Hence the necessity of laying those dntics
upon imported goods which the Constitution |
authorizes for revenue, in such a manner ss to |
protect and encourage the labor of our own
citizens Quties hawcxer shauid nat ho Gxad