The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-01-22

tho country, IN ORDER 10 give IL Welgns IN public
Of the fundamental pact, and of the public liber-
ties" With such definition of the Second Cham
Der. the President may give to II all functions
without exception, even those Of legislative
raj and ordinary ones Of the Legislative Corps.
The Legislative Corps will be composed of as
many members as there are communal arrondisse-
ments in France. The French territory is divided
into departments, each department is subdivided
into ACCOMPLISHMENTS; and each department is ad.
minstered by project, and each reimbursement
by subprefect. There is, besides, tribunal
TOR each acknowledgement In the same manner each
reimbursement will have its member of the Iegis-
lative corps; and as there are 365 of those sub.
divisions, the legislative body will be composed of
the same, or nearly the same number of m smbers.
The election Of legislators will be by arrondsse.
ment, of which each will be the delegate, or re-
preventative, chosen by particular ballot, and by
means of direct universal suffrage of the whole Of
the citizens as it has just been exercised for the
President himself. The functions of the legis.
laors, or representatives, are proposed to be gra-
uitous, and without any exception Of the kind that
have already noticed with reference to the Senate
The electors will, therefore, be forced to choose
such persons as possess sufficient means to pass a
considerable portion of tho year in Paris Under
the empire the legislators received salary Of
10000 francs.
The Legislative Corps will be elected for ve
years. at the end Of which it will be entirely renewed
The President will always have tho right Of dis
solving the legislative body. In such case new
elections will take place. but the President will not
De oolged to convoke the new Legislative Chamber
before an interval ofsix months Ifthe Legislative
Chamber elected after its dissol alton do not agree
with the President, he can purely and simply dis.
solve it, and, If it be his viii 10 do so, he may GO
veTn, conformity with the Senate, during six months,
the Senate being Professionally invested with the
powers of the Legislative Corps At the termin,-
tion of the year thus given TO the President, he
may, should he think proper, make IN appeal to the
nation with the btainingsail more powers
frrr anlo,.1
meet the difficulties of the situation. Ii is to this
that alluded in my late letter.
The Legislative Corps will discuss and vote the
laws Ia principle, the sttings will be public, but
restrained. The number Of strGn gers admitted to
these sittings viii not be much more than so. The
journals are not TO publish the debates summary
Of each will be drawn up. published officially 10 the
Moapew, which the journals may transfer to their
columns.
The constitution il silent on several questions
which in this country regarded as constitutional
and fundamental, but which are referred for their
solution TO certain organic laws to DO made a.
the prcss, and the appointment Of judges, whose
ndependen &c it would be desirable to guarantee by
rendering them not liable to be removed at plea
sure; the question of the jury; that of the state
ton; the question of the liberty Of worship, which
comprises all that ecclesiastical discipline
and the independence Of the clergy.
have already alluded to tho question Of tho
in that respect; and the question of previous au-
thorzation, and the unlimited right Of suspending
ajourpal, even when authorized, is still where it
was when | last wrote IL is thought that the
right of suspension may be applied only to such
journals as are condemned by tribunal. But tho
silence of the constitution on the liberty of the
press would authorize the government to continue
Professionally the present regtme that is, the cen
sorshp strengthened by the absolute right OF sus-
pension or suppression.
The question Of edu alton has also begun to oc-
cupy the public mind. The University was found.
cd by the Emperor Napoleon, in lSO7S. Since
then its organization has been modified, and its
regime been made "more liberal and more philoso-
pbical" l. is pre- cisely to this latter quality that
objections are made; and if those who are hostile
to its system OF education possess influence, its fall
In mentioning the above details relative to the
new constitutions do so on the authority of persons
whom have found well informed on other subjects.
1t will not be expected that, carefully and secretly
as the operation OF forming the constitution is car
ried on, should be able to give all the provisions
Of that Instrument, but only some Of the more i'm
portant points These general data may, in the
process of reduction, undergo some modification;
the original idea may yet be qualified or altered,
rot essentially however. But all doubts on that
subject will soon be at end it is stated that
the constitution will be promulg gated on Monday
next the 9TH inst. The subject will still possess
interest, and any further notice may have TO take
oftbat act will be the result of careful inquiry and
consultation with men whose opinions must always
have weight.
The following is the correspondence letter, dated
Sunday, 18th inst F. NJ =:
have to notice to day some new notifications
which have been suggested, and which may DC en-
bodied in the project Of the new constitution, since
lastwrote The Legislative Corps, instead of being
composed at the rate Of one member for each admit
nistrative department, which would give 800, will,
it is believed, only consist of Psi members, some to
be named by electoral ACCOMPLISHMENTS, or the ag-
glomeraion Of two administrative arrondss sments,
md nth hu rpIu yyho la ,npt
comprises from 81, 900 to 40, 600 electors The mem
bers will be named by direct universal sufa &c ofthe
most absolute kind in this it does not appear that
any change has taken place. and it is no. likely that
any will These notifications are, there is little
doubt, traceable to the suggestions made to the
President Of the Republic since the communication
Of his plan to the ministers and the committee; and,
on consideration, it was deemed anomalous and I'M
just that large arrondissementssuch, for instance,
as Lyons, Marseilles, Lille, Bordeaux, and some
others-should be placed on the same footing as less
populous and less important districts-su,h as Gex,
in the department Of the Ain, or Barceonnette, ia
the Bases Alpes. According to the former plan,
legislator would, in one case, be elected By 10000
or 10000 electors, and perhaps more; and another
by 5000 or 1000. The present plan is considered
as more confornable to the principle of equal re-
partition. The number Of electors at present in
France is somewhere about l0,0C0,000; and with
25d electoral ACCOMPLISHMENTS, we have an average
Of 1870 electors. The proportion is pretty much
the same a that Of ISL under the constitutional
The President being invested by nearly S,000,0 900
Of votes with the Constituent, no doubt considers
that he is equally invested with the legislative
power; be therefore very probably reserves to HIM
self the framing of the organic laws intended to
developo the fundamental bases Of the constitution.
II is not clear tina. such an Inference is strictly
loeical nor does it. on the first view, appear quite
in conformity with the proclamation Of the "a Of
December, in which the President said, when ad-
dressing himself TO the people, 81 submit to your
sufrsges the following fundamental bases Of con.
stiution. which the Assemblies shall develope here
after" However that may be, it is thought pro.
bable that II is the President who viii SUCCESSFULLY
frame the laws in question, and that he will do so
in virtue Of the powers just alluded to- and previous
to the meeting Of the legislative bodies.
The elections Of thu representatives will it is be-
ieycd, take place the 18th Of the present month;
but it ia likely that the Legislative Corps viii not be
convoked before tie month OF May, and in the ia.
terval the "ofganic laws" will be prepared.
These organic laws are looked forward to with
much anxiety, from the probability that many in
teresis will te Affected by them. | have already
all AIDED TO The question Of the press and il is now
reported that the University, and, perhaps, the