The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-14

grants from foreign ports. that they present osr-
eesnt Of the United States in tho country ffs1
| which they came, some evidence OF good chsraS.
ter which shall be satisfactory to the officer having
charge Of tho subjeot-imposing . penalty upon
such officer for neglect of duty.
| Tho burdens inflicted upon az In postal matters.
by the present rs we'll previous laws Of Congress.
| regulating postage and tho transmission OF the
mails, deserves your serious attention. While
laws should DO un form in their nature and opera
ton, tbis State ia made an exception and for very
pad postal privileges, We taxed double What
tho eitsens or other states are req hired to peg
upon letters, while tho onerous, uDjust nd exhoc-
| bitant rates fixed as postage upon ne wspa sers
almost amounts to q prohibition against their IN
PRODUCTION from other States, and TO an embargo
upon those published in oar own. This subject, =
all its glazing Inconsistencies and crippling n
auenco upon the spread OF useful inform a.ioa.
SHOULD be pressed homo upon tho consideration Il
Congress
The wants of commerce imperiously demand i'm
mediate attention from the federal govern most
The tedious hardness it has evnced, in refere0es
to this, az well ~ other subjects Of great in
poranco to the interests Of this State should give
place to an active, jast and liberal policy. Our
coasts and harbors should long since have been sap
Piled with light houses, buoys, dry docks, and
other assistants and preservstives Of commercial
and mercantile interests. But rs yet we have next
to none policy deleterious to the pr ress Of
the state, so ilhberal and unjusy partial, is I'M
worthy of the nation, inconsistent with its general
Naturalization, and deserves tho remonstranoe Of
our people and authorities
IL is believed, also, that some OF our State laws
affecting commercial interests are burtbens0me.
unjust, AMI probably unconstitutional. There esA
be but one opinion concerning laws which fettsr
commerce The State has, undeniabiy, tho right
to levy tax upon tho tonnage of its own citisens
But the law imPoting per centum tax upon yes
sells which have been taxed also in tho ports Il
other States, where they belong is impolItic, and
has boon pronounced unconstitutional by the courts
Of other States careful revision of all ste
tutes affecting commerce. the repeal or amendmsnk
of eugh deemad unconstitutional. thu
enact ment of such as the necessities of this groat
interest require, seems demanded Of those to whose
keeping 10 entrusted much of the future of this
commonwealth. Every question touching oom-
merce aud navigation cannot be too earnestly ooa-
sideved.
One important duty which will rcst upon the pre-
sent Legislature is that of enaoting law to divide
the State into Congressional districts, in aooor-
dance with the regulations of law Of Congress.
The necessities OF such enactments are 30 obvious
IA to render unnecessary their enumeration. In
this connection | would recommend the enactment
of law providing tor the election of two mem
bers of tho Thirty third Congress, at thu
same time with the election Of the Presidential
electors. lsder the System which now prevails,
tho terms OF our presents membsr will expire with
the third OF March, 1853 The election for ther
SUCCESSORS, under tho present law, will not OCCUR
uutil the ensuing September. Consequently, should
extra session Of Congress between those periods, q
term Of Elk months,) our State would DO unreprs-
eened in that body, or be subjected to the expense,
Executive for this special purpose. And even this
method would probably fail to remedy the evil; for
our distance from Arlington City is so great that
the time consumed in receiving tho Presidents pro-
clamatiCn, then that necessary to give tho order
due publication to receive the returns OF the cleo
ton, and to enable the successful candidate to
reach Washington, would likely, in most cases, de-
prive the state of all voice. VOTE or influence in any
such extra session. The practice which now pre-.
walls in many States, Of eectng uc,essors to Con-
gressiona ncumbents before their term has expired
is founded in wsdsm and necessity, and ia peou.
iiarly adapted to our isolated condition.
One Of tho moot injurious negects of Congress,
regarding our State, has been that Of refusing to
provide branch mint. Over two hundred millions
shores; not inconsiderable portion of which has
been taken to foreign countries. to DO coined int
foreign currency. Had We been provided with the
proper means and authority, this gold would have
borne the stamp OF our government, and CAR
ried the emb)em Of nationality where oven cur
language is not spoken, and our history ia unknown
The American coin would have circulated all
along the Pacific coast, in South America, the
Sandwich lsands, the South Sea Islands, in Chins
and Japan; indeed, it would have found its way to
every part of the world. For the want Of suoh an
nstit1tion, private in divdual and especially
the laborng classes, have suffered severe losses.
Every branch Of trade and industry has experienced
IN greater or less degree tho injurious effects OF
this neglect on the part of Congress. The neoes-
sty for coin for tho ordinary purposes Of trade, in
duced irresponsible isues of private coinage, which,
from being deficient in value, or bearing false
representation, or losing the confidence of the oon
munty, have, In most instances, fallen 50 far be-
meath their pretended value as to naiot heavy
loses upon the community. A mint here would OBJ
viste many difficulties and Tighten the burth that
now weigh heavily upon our commercial interests.
| would, therefore, recommend such action on the
part Of the Legislature as will bring to tho alton
ton of Congress tho necessity for providing such An
institution.
Our State is peculiarly remarkable for her mine
raj resources, and whatever will conduos to their
developement will serve to advance Us yet moro
rapidly in the career Of greatness, which, 1t can
hardly be questioned, is open before US. Hereto
fore We have advanced rrcguary in developing
the riches which lie concealed in the rocky bosoma
OF our hills and mountains, and whatever progress
We have made has been rather the result Of blind
accident than Of intelligent design. To promote
the desirable end here suggested, would reoom-
mend that provision be made for the establishment
ola geological survey of the State.
The Indian tribes within our borders have been
the source of much annoyance, and this must COZ
tnue to be the case so long az they reside in prox-
nifty to the whites. The policy which it ia the
duty OF government to pursue in relation to this
fortunate race OF beings, is one which should be
well conaiserod The last effort which was made
by our government was the policy strongly rooom-
mendcd by President Jackson, Of removing them
to some isolated position, distant from all contact
with the whites I1o number within our limits
has been estimated at two hundred thousand Our
best policy and, perhaps, that OF the general 60
vernment would be to remove them beyond ina
confines Of the state. Much expense HAS been al
ready incurred, and We may reasonably appr9hond,
until some tfcctual means OF separation are adopt.
Cd, that consssn: difficulties with them, involving
the state or general government in great expense,
viii continue 10 occur.
l. would call your attention 70 the fact that. since
tho last adjournment Of The Legislature, several sK
petitions for the impression of Indian hostiiitios
nave been called out, under the authority Of the
State eovernmont; aud underau act passed at your
last session. the bonds Of the state, TO defray tho
a AVA fw IN nfrv han ham
debt should 30 discharged by the general govern
ment whose duty II is, and war, to afford W that
protection which, under the circumsta nces, We were
compelled to provide for ourselves No adequate
meGrs has been heretofore Afforded for that pur-
pose, antthe State has been, therefore, constrained
to take the matter into her own hands, or submit,
while awaiting the inefficient action ef the genera
government to the hostile ncursions OF those savage
trihcs ard The n0is'rninate urde OF her nosed