The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-07-20
The Preparations In England for Election
Rauta.

The Mayor, also, who, though belonging to the
man, has expressed his deter nination to call the
magistrates together, for the purpose Of adopting
measures to secure the public peace. The weapons
seized were ordered by alderman Of the borough,
q member of the Orange society. Each weapon
consisted OF two pieces Of seasoned ash, of about
two teet long, turned like constable's staff so
to give firm hold for the hand, and fitting into each
pikehandie four feet long. That they were intend
ed as pikestaf is obvious, for one end fitted into
a ring, and in that end an ndent into which
pike blade or spike could be driven. II has since
transpred that weapons Of equally formidable
descriptian, but upon different principle, have
been manufactured in other places, but all made
after models suggested by foreign refugee, to the
Chartists, some years ago. The weapons were con-
constable summoned by the Mayor to ascertain
and report upon the existence Of an alleged con-
spiracy TO provoke breach Of the peace the day
of the nomination
The Australian Cold Diggings-Imteresting
Statistics,
From the London Times July IL
The further papers relative 20 the recent Dissolve
ry OF gold in Australia presented to Parliament
by command of Der Majesty, just before the close of
the session, are by far the most valuable and au-
thentic collection of facts have yet obtained
this important subject; and the Bluebook which
contains them is further provided with excellent
map OF the southeastern portion of the Australian
continent, indicating by appropriate dabs of gam
boge the aurerous deposits which appear to speckle
the whole of that territory. We have here, there
fore, tolerably complete history OF the first six
months OF this singular revolution in the condition
Of colony which seems destined to form in all
things an exception and contrast to the ordinary
laws of nature.
The dispatches of Mr.. Latrobe, Lieutenant Cover
nor of Victoria convey the most vivid picture of
the extent and value of these discoveries of gold
and of their effect on the population. Soon after
the opening Of the Ballarat diggings, 300 licenses
were issued: The ore was found pure, in irregular
mas cnf n1tts al in tha n
clay and other superior formations, and sometimes
in Jumps weighing seven nine ounces. g / wit
nessed,' says Mr.. Latrobe, '.during my visit, the
washing of two tin dishes of this clay of about 20
inches in diameter, the yield of which no less
than eight pounds weight fpure gold" The aver
age produce of this spot estimated for time
at about 700 ounces and upwards per diem. Bat
even this was soon surpassed by the discoveries at
Mount Alexander. The gold raised there in Deem
Der was calculated by hundredweights and arrived
IN the cities on the coast at the rate of about two
tons week. Some 10000 persons were soon con-
gregated in the district. Ballarat was comparatively
deserted, and from the general prevalence all over
the colony of the geological formation in which
gold has hitherto been found, Mr.. Latrobe declares
that be can contemplate no limit to the discoveries
or to the result of the opening of these fields
Meanwhile. he adds, the whole structure of So
ciety and the whole machinery of government are
disloeated Upon the first discovery of gold in May,
last year, in the Bathurst district of New South
Wales, the moral effect on the laooring classes
violent, and appeared to be exaggerated; bat the
increased discoveries in Victoria surpassed all con-
ceivabe anticipation. In three weeks the towns OF
Melbourne and GeeloLg seemed emptied OF their
male inhabitants. idisIS, day laborefs, shopmen,
artisans mechanics, domestic servants first; trades
men, farmers, end clerks next; tee higher classes
~ last; because, as employers of labor they lad
no alternative hut to follow where labor VAS to
be found ii realized the fairy tale oi that en-
chapted bird which drn gged after il the peasant,
toe Smith the clerk, parson, aud squire. each OF
them tried 70 stop the rest Cottages deserted
busrcss at stand still. schools closed; the ships in
the hsThor were abandoned, and even masters Of
vessels we're compelled to Join with the men. whom
il was impossible for them to retain board All
building contracts stopped the survey OF the
country became imp1ssible: clerks, public servants,
jaiers and constabes, caught The Infection AMI
signed their appointments The Postmaster aud
Surveyor General of Victoria unprecedented total
interruption % the business Of their departments
The Superintendent of the Penal Stockade
nounced the resignation Of his coastabulaTy. The
Deputy-Sherih reported that eight men in the
jail department had determined to leave, and the
Colonial surgeon feared much trouble if the at
tendants at the luna:ic asylum should throw up
their situations, for in fact that establishment was
never, more needed by the community. Mr.
which was not altogether disappointed, on the
reaction which must ensue when many of these
persons would find by experience that they. were
utterly unit TO encounter the labor Of the
diggings, and that they might turn the discovery
of gold to account by the increased value Of
their industry, or their abilities in other branches
Of occupation, But it became absolutely neces-
sary to the public service forthwith to raise, by from
80 to 100 per cent, the salaries and wages Of
all persons employed. Thus, the wages Of the
police, turkeys letter carriers, &c, were raised
from Is. I'd. to IS. and SIS. q day, and the
salaries of clerks about 80 PER cent The rise of
wages and of prices had been even larger in private
employments. Laborers rose from So. to l5s. and
Z0s. day: on artisans wages the increase was
from 80 to l20 per cent; mon cooks got co and G3
week; female servants rose % per cent. The
quartern loaf rose in price from Sd, in December
1870, to Is Id and even Is 3D., in December, 1861
meat doubled in price; bacon rose from Cd. to 2s.;
ard ep all other articles Of domestic consumption
the rise was from 80 to 100 per cent. House rent,
hotel charges, carriage, and boat hire, rose 30 per
cent; clothes, hardware, and furniture, 100 per
cent: saddlery was not to be got and the price of
shoeing horse increased from IS. to 25s Not less
than LOCO persons had arrived by in thecolony
of Victoria in the last six months Of 1851 and 2761
from the LIST to the 18th January Of this year, 5000
licenses were issued for the month. AS the vast
majority OF these persons arrived as consumers of
general produce, and producers of article
but gold, the colony was obviously drained
Of all other commodities, while gold became in
excess The grand total of gold brought down I'M
der escort in the last three months of 1851 from all
the diggings in Victoria, was ia, s35 ounces,
lucd at Esd sos; but it is calculated that not more
than two-ffhs of the gold collected is forwarded by
escort so that the real amount found would be
than double this sum. The total amount known to
have been exported down to the sth OF January,
1867, from Victoria, is upw ards Of 100000 ounces;
and the quantity shipped from Sydney is li2, 975
ounces. When it Is remembered that ali these eff
iects have been produced in little more than six
months from the FIRST discovery Of the gold down to
the date of the latest dispatches and that the
scene of action is in almost unexpored region Of
that portion Of the globe most remote from Europe
and from civilization, they will certainly be ranked
among the most curious and surprising phenomena
in the history of mankind. We shall shortly re-
vert to the subject in order to take into consiiera-
tion the measures taken, or to be taken, by the
tlp lint IF -. s.sxN
gence. Those measures consist chiefly in an i'm
mediate increase of the military and naval forces in
the colony for, as matters now stand, well armed
pirate, who should anchor in Hobson's Bay. would
have difficulty in laying the capital Of Victoria
under contribution to any amount and even the
maintenance Of peace and order in the town epends
mainly on the good will Of the respectable inhab-
tants The second object is the promotion of emf
cratinn in The form ulast calcnlatnd .-a.;ia