The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-09-07

= Ne unissl States, On NO bssssr s.sssd tAs. taas
e esnSs..i i~ners,ss sci aside tbsee clains with
the strong hand, ths occurrence, wAl, % eous;
smrest lie own reflections 70 al vhe are interested
in ~ naintenancs Of national rights and p9one
-. "A tAess whs remember Me Measure dealt
- "a spsnisi Hosalelds,s win not expect the
sesrd q Sc dawn for the creditors Of Peru. The
e,eesicn Is not one Of concerted monopohes or re.
spres. ssgase,sss but % assossn.D,e able. n ,sa.
spe South American State ont OF . dozen has at |
lsnrth pvt iteeH in way Of h9uidating its just
deIss but it must DO plain to all. except the viii
Great Britain from the opening Of the guano islands
70 the world
The Nicaragua Reuse-Thc Recent Surveys
TFrom me London Standard, An9uet 1911
Before adverting in special mannert0 the impor-
tant official surveys through the state Of Nicsyagus,
made TO carry ont ship canal from the Atlantic
70 the Pacific, through that state, We would di-
rect the particular attention Of readers to an ar
tiele in another column Of our paper, regarding
disputed boundaries and possessions Of states on
that isthnus, which sets the question at rest com
pletely.
The surveys in question have been undertaken
BY Official engineers in the United States, their
lAbers are brought out under the authority Of the
British and United States governments, and have
a regards the Mr. Ike
Il our sovssnment The Documents are very
minute and highly important, and may lead to
Of fSe world. The canal proposed goes from the
mouth Of the river Ban Juan to Lake Nicaragua
ll9 miles "a miles by canal, and " milcs
made a. = canal by dams on the Hver) Next,
and easy navigation the mouth Of river Laias,
about six miles to the south Of the town Of Nlca-
rsgua, and thence by canal 10 miles long TO Brico,
on the Pacific, about nine miles TO the north Of st.
Juan del Sud, and nearly miles due west from the
town CT Nicaragua, RE canal is calculated to be
II feet deep, 20 feet broad OF The bottom, aud 10
ut the surface. The summit level OF the lake is
given at i0s feet above The tlantic, and the sum
NIT level Of the hne on the ridge between the Jake
and the Pacific about "a feet The line here taken
appears to be that surveyed in i7ol, by Don Maiias
de GarveS, who gives the height Of the lake l35
summit level OF The land. between the lake and the
Pacific. 10 or 20 feet. The heights here given by
Colonel Childs, the American engineer, THE lake
l0S feet) differ considerably from these given by
bailey and others; but Of this more at other
time. Although important, it is not of serious
consequence regards the main point, nameiy-the
praeticahSity Of The undertaking
The calculation of the xpeDse of completing the
whole Of the width and depth mentioned, with
with docks and harb0rs each side, is $3l
OF CO $40, 43S, which, taking ten years as the time
for construction would, with interest, mako up pro-
badly f9, 000, 900 the capital laid out by COM
pany before any return would could be forth.
coming. The canal is intended to afford q free pas
sage to vessels Of the very first case, and largest
dimensions. 1t must be this, or it will not serve
either a useful and profitable parpose. Now, in
our humble opinion, the depth and the width is
great deal too little. There must be room in it to
allow two vessels to pass each other without diff
Guilty, otherwise great delay must take place, if
ships going contrary ways are compelled to wait till
the canal IS clear for them. The depth Inuet be q.
least ten feet more to carry chips Of the highest
tonnage, and double its width win be requisite to
allow The largest steamers to pass each other; and
this being the case, the expense Of constructing the
canal viii be almost doubled. These points had
best be considered at the oDset otherwise failure
may ensne from want Of funds, result which, in
With the great outlay last alluded to- it will require
very large income 10 make the work remunera-
tive The estimate, also, Of the yearly trade with
all places likely to use this canal ESQ COCO is
unquestionably much tso high, as to what the
traffic can possibly afford for very long period to
come. Such traffic would require 10, 600 ships,
nearly 5.OO0,OG0 Of tonnage, ,l06 SHIPS passing
through the canal daily. The water Of Lake Nicara
qua might feed one part, but 5st certainly not all
the waters of the Lsias. the Rio Grande, and the
lola the two latter take their course to the Pacc
near Brito) the other, or the western portion.
lsTHMCs OF NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA
The length to which eur remarks on this subject
extended in our paper Of the 10Th, prevented us
from noticing 8nd bringing forward additional au-
liberties regarding the position and boundaries Of
some OF tie provinces situated upon this portion OF
veysor the ship canal between the Atlantic ard The
Pacific, through the Stateo Nicaragua, which has
just been put into our hands, recalls our attention
TO the subject which at present engrosses SO much
Of the attention Of the public
We return for a moment 10 Consul Chat6eld's
movements 10 THE matter. as disclosing more fully
the intrgues and fabrcations which went in Qua
temala When the yiceroyalty of Mexico revolted
from Spain, and subsequently, Guatemala or Central
America including, it did, Costa Rica the latter
division of Mexico set up Chat she might have two
between the Atlantic and the Pacifc), arbitrary
and upiusti6able claims for territory, to the south
ward on the Atlantic, comprising in them portion
of Bocas del Toro These ChatGed greedily laid hold
as correct. as may be seen in his rstletter (p 32
where he bounds Central America, and consequently
Costa Rica, by that River Chriqu which enters the
the southwest point of the great Lagoon Of
Chiriqn and this he did with the Admiralty survey
OF that lagoon before him, placing the whole in the
government Of New Grenada. There lies before US
map of Guatemala, constructed, as is stated, from
the archives Of Guatemala and published by Arrow
smith in 1926, with the pointed no,aaduai by him
that it was, as it really was, generally incorrect and
which has the boundary delneated as Chatfeld first
gave it, and which was no doubt the groundwork Of
his whole story. Subsequently. when he got the
Admiralty survey (Barnet's) Of the whole Of that
part Of the coast (see letter Sept 49, 1917 namely
sheet H. he found several other rivers called Chirqui
entering the sea to the eastward and he grasps tine
most eastern, about ~ miles from the former and 10
miles eastward from the proper boundary Of Central
America, and this he does with the survey sheet
No III laying before him, where the correct boun-
Diary between Costa Rica and Veraguas is laid down
at the point where all the accurate authorities we
bad previously adduced had placed it, namely, at
the river Dorados, Culebras, or Changuene about
eight miles west of the mouth Of the Boca del Toro
Ia public servant such ignorance and such con-
duct deserves the sevetest reprobation.
Charts Of any coast, delineated by official sur
veys, are Of the utmost Importance, and the best
authority to rely on regarding the boundaries Of
md fafp
determine correctly those limits which must guide
foreign nations in their commercial intercourse with
such states, in reference to judicial government,
and fiscal and financial laws and regulations. Capt
BarnetS surveys upassailable IN point of accu-
iaoy, and in reading that officers account of the
Atlantic coast Of Veraguas, sec with delight the
correctness of the description Of that province, as
given by the great Columbus $50 years ago. But