The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-12
DISTRICT JUDGE OF MAINLAND

ing the salsry Of the District Judge Of Maryland
COURTS
MI CLEMENS (dem of Ala introduced bill chang
Ing the time for holding United States Courts In Aaba
ma, and it was ordered to be engrossed.
TIE
was then taken up when Mr. SEWARD (ree soil OF N T.
the Senate and said this proceeding neither
inconderate unmportsnt 1t Is resolution which
requires the Of beth of Congress aud the
approval Of the President Of the United States Thus
it becomes q national sct It recommends clemency to
the Irsh patriots imprson ed in Van Land and
designed for the information Of Great Britain to in
auencs her conduct 1t H. therefore, national appeal
to the mssnanimty Of that power. think the act
defensbie on grounds OF abstract justice, and upon
due consideration of relations OF all parties concerned
submit in the first place. that it is not altogether
penal colony suffe ing for effort honestly made
to lestere their father land to freedom and indepen
dence. The sympathy of the United States for them
springs from the with the sympathy which
this country has babually manifested similar
sons, towards revolutionary France in l793 1880 and
1S38-towards the South American republics Graece,
Poland, Italy, Germany, ana Hungary. Even in form
this proceeding assimiates TO the intervention OF tho
United States IN behalf Of Louis Kossuth and his com
panioIs when ia exile in Asia Minor The interest
pressed by this resolution in Smith O'Brien is not
merely personal 1t is the reverental compassion of
free and generous people for fallen nation The cause
depends the character OF the nations entire fs 30
the declaration OF American independence reviews
whole colonial experience in vinccstng the abura.ion
Of to the British throne Ten centuries ago
Ireland was distinct sovereign power with adequate
national elements and forces Ireland wa, guilty Of
one enduring crime-that crime proximity to Rri.
tsh shores. Ireland moreover, had grea. misfor-
tune She had remained many centuries unconq quered
and upconquerable Her crime provoked English
pidy Her misfortune produced endless divisions into
scts and cas1es and Invited the invader England on
the contrary had been successfully suhjpgated by the
Romans Danes Sazons and Norman and had acquired
in that rough experience the consolidation and aiec pne
which, combined with the energy resulting from
mixture OF races and ambition, inspired by ensuar
position have enabled her almost to have the world in
empire at the very moment when chronicles lato
casting in his mind conquer the adjacent island be-
cause 1T was conmodous for him. and its Inhabitants
seemed savage snd rude He was solicited by deposed
lrish prince 10 renstate him his throne. or
the did not result in the restoration of the fug
tive nor did it in the conquest of Ireland but only In
the planting OF small arisocrac armed colony the
coat encloted by palisades and therefore, called the
pale within the pale, wLere EDglishmen resided with
their Language customs, and laws Without, there
The Irish nation, under its hereditary prince with its
ancient manners aud customs Each regarded the
other as it's natural enemy and Of unsparing and
end fearful element into this strife The Catholic
church Lad given place in England to that suited
her kirgs and people better. England, moved by
policy and proseyts, resolved, that Ireland must
become Protestant also She the sword for
h mission and fssSci0us '0ldsry for apos,
their paierna religion to ruGey recommended by
their enemies The pale although backed by England
too bic to Ireland Ireland often dis
traced by internal euds, too weak to crush the
pale Each during period OF four hundred years
sumed in destructive wars retained its position and
thus a that long portion Of nations life
worse than lost ~ reason OF this imperfect conquest
At length the pale enlarged with the growing greatness
by contscation and massacre Tee twelve hundred
millions Of tllabe acres on the island seized and
psrcsled out among invaders aud the few epostolzing
natives just five hundred and twenty years after
the brst INVASION and at the close Of and
mo;abe battle the banks OF the Boyne Ireland csptu
lated TO the government OF the pale spulatpg,
thei.ss, for liberty Of conscience, which soemny
guaranteed by the treaty Of Limerick and confirmed BY
William and Mary the sovers;gns OF united
realms; but England perseyered in her policy, and
changed the only means employed; psrfdousy breaking
the covenant II peace she suostitat.d dis ncn.ng
n her nd .hp WDrI yyas
TO be rcilaced by the scaftod Burke described the
atrocities ot that system in the following prophetic Lam
gpage -" 1t is system well dges.ad, AMI we'll posed
- al lts paIsta mnchine OF wise aEd eaborata con-
tr1sauce wei! htted for the srshment and gra
q 1rar ly n 81 nuaa
record OF lie frequent but uravaling struggles to
cast ef that ccde and redeem the country from its
desoatiDg effects In T5, Grattan, Burke, and Flood,
catching inspi alton from the Amerc Revolution
avaiug themreyes CT the embarrassment of England
sCtre from it, Obtained relaxation OF the severity
OF that religious despo:sm; and in 49, when the ext
gelees OF the empire alarming the British pars
ne in the nosg solemn a nner renouncsd ts u,urvei
supremacy and declared with the of the King
that the rights clsmsd by the people of Ireland to
bound cny by laws enacted BY his MaJe.ty and Para
ment Of that Kingdom shal be- and are established and
shall at time hereafter be questioned able
Ireland exulted for delrious moment, in national
therefore demsIded abfosation Of the penal code and
new constitution The pallia ent Of tie Pale In tho in
tefest Of England, fefued both. Discomfort spread
oeeply and widely Emmett, Fitzgerald. and their
catts in sS conspred to raise the standard Of rebellion
but were betrayed and revolution crushed in the
germ. The British government now assumed that the
Irish people had tried the experiment OF self government
and proved themselves incompetent They down
the Parliament the Pale the called of the Union
That mock Legislature in 1890 confirmed the act and
gave up its deprayed and pernicous existence and
ireland in united then, in fact, absorbed by
the Brirhh empire, with esgTe representation OF only
Protestant r,inistry the Imperial Parliament in
fering from the said failure OF the Of 49, that the
possibility of mGral revolution had passed away at
least ier time O'ConDell, jurist aad advocate of
'urras.irg ssgacy AMI eloquence conceived, and put
in execution scheme Of agitation within tho restraints
Of the law to ect by Parliamentary consent change
Of the constitution. He achieved signal triumph in
lszp in tho fact Of Catholic emancipation There re-
meined step oTeA~the repeal OF the act Of uoion
But the ruin of the rifh people pressed toaifuy
70 wait tho slow and doubtful success of c;ic agitation
sncountering new Rud more stringent laws The na-
tcn divided itself between the party Of Old Ireland
Ger Connels lead, aud that which aier the baaner
of youug Ireland, and under the guidance of william
Smith oglien, demanded resort to the strategy Of
. ms Perhaps reither system would have proved eff.
fectiFt, EVEN had union aud harmony continued Ger
tain i IT. that vnta the people divided both systems
sifraLiy faitd o'ConDeu died of broken heart at
asrcss on n pilgrimage TO Rome; and Brien is
prisoner IN Van penan's Land. smultaue-
cusly with their failure, poverty aud pestileacs
vent fOlth thIoughout lrelaGa~~ depopalation I'D.
yeroeG with iyiRbfg Iapidity, and thuS establihed
bey crd denial OF dop that never on earth was reaou
ton rece.sarg o. mole just thsu II would have
been in that most unbsppy lsud II Is not my purpose,
by is review to Aadlc resent nent against England
against the Irstsstantt ot Great BGtau, L di5clain
ta1 osGsln Tue taIt@ar$hlp In regard 70 history fae
ruin II ivelGAd bas justly filled England with not only
fHUpee but GliLl apprehension ol te decnP OF tns
Brlsl empire itcn o. ,onue.l 4 Cathollc-0 Brien
protestnt Rage of scots has long since died away
ia The agony Of catastrophe which brought in all
tks rfcmiscuou- and iniiscrimina.ing distress. The
porcy cf ri gland the OF the age, and the
fut of ty stens. THE s her sufficient apology but
occasion ke THE Ireland entitled dlspgssonate
va dicstionis entitled TO respect and sympathy
e1ttympsty derives uteDscnesS from conceded geniu,
and l1olertisl virtues of Irish people The plains OF
Waterloo snd heights Of cuebgc bear witness that they
rave and Fful in warlike the Greeks they have,
II h,ir decline enchanted the word with wit aud song
ana ecqut Confdrg and generous to fault, while
whe IN their whole history does not instance
Of the indulgence of unlawful ambition. Is rot then,
the tribute propopoed by ihie resolution due from the
Jnitea states, On such occason to such people?
fR b. anwefed that que!ton of cienlenoy Is not for
but for Great Britain This ia true; but men and
nations swayed by perseverance. IL may be ssid,
tiat While es individuals we may lawfully sympa
thi2e. cannot express these syi1pathies
uGticn. This seems 10 equiy@lsat to saying,
thSt we may indulge iu unayslltng sentiment but
sian not exercise active bepeyocnce There only
0f morality i0f mankind IA all circumstances, con-
doAa sGd relations and It's direct aud comprehensive
rHyle t4ss ftraE r4t4 a,d