The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-12-03

waters and its connection With sueh large exssnt
ef territory that is not liable TO overflow :,
From Tarapoto to Chssuts you pass the villages
of Juan Guerra and Shapsja Chasuta is ct tho
head Of uninterrupted navigation on thu Hualiaga
Lieut.. Herndon, coming down ct low water met pc
tween this place and the mouth OF the Amazon YIN
nowhere less than Ave feet Of water. Toe high
water mark Is forty feet above the stage IN wnicn
The river was when he was there From Chasuta to
The mouth Of the Amazon the distance oy water Is
Pennsylvania, seventy four would find water enough
% reach that village from the
Population Of Chasuta l,03l; distance to Tarapoto
by land six leagues; cost OF transportation, one
pound Of wax the Indian load. one pound Of wax
being equivalent to four yards of cotton cows, sheep
horses, and hogs thrive well. Productions those Of
Tarapoto.
Yurimaguas, twenty four Leagues below Chasuta;
population 3l9; country fertile good road can
be cut from this place almost in . straight limo to
M0zabaDa, distance thirty leagues
Santa Cruz il thirty'fve leagues below Chasuta.
Here white wax il worth and third yards cot
ton, and five pounds wax are sold for one white
handled knife. Population 800
Chamicuros, thirty nine leagues below Chasuta.
abound in the woods.
Lsguna, forty four leagues below Cbasuta, and
Sour above the mouth of the Huallaga, has p0pu-
lation Of TAP, and fertile soil
Urarinas, on the Amazon, Ave leagues below the
mouth of the neutrality-suspicious. Az This ia an
important place. on account of the immense quanti-
tics in lite vicinity Of the tree which produces the
Passing by the villages of Parinar and San Regis,
We come to Nauta, the capital of the district. 1t is
situated tho right bank of the Amazon, forty.six
leagues below the mouth OF the Hualags, aud nine
ty four below the head of uninterrupted navigation
on that river.
It is to this place that Brazil by treaty with Pc
fu has just contracted for line Of steamers, under
the Brazilian flag, from Para, at the mouth of the
Amazon This line is to have monopoly of steam
boat navigation the Amazon for thirty years,
with bonus of 100000 per annum for the frst
fifteen.
It therefore becomes place of Importance. and az
shall have occasion to aude to it again in con-
Hexion with this steambo line, under tue Brazilian
flag, will here take the more notice off
Nauta is also only half league above the mouth
Of the Ucayal, another tributary Of the Amazon,
and larger than the, neutrality-suspicious. 80.
Here one yard of English or American cotton is
worth two and two thirds ards Of the cotton cloth
of tho country, and thirty four pounds Of sarsapa-
Silla given for eight yards Of the latter full
grown hen is worth SIX needles, chicken three, and
Fifty or sixty pounds of yucas six Portuguese
merchant has established house here
Amaguas, seven miles below Nsuta, ia an import
xnt point (though at present it has but 240 inhabi
tants) on account Of its great extent Of fertile
lands.
Passing Amaguas with it's 24O inhabitants, Iqui-
tos with its l27, and Arad with its 80, we ar
rive, twenty seven leagues below the mouth of the
Ucsyali which comes from the South at the mouth
of the Rio Napo q tributary from Ecuador. There
5s here settlement consisting Of one family of Nj
tos indians and one fugitive slave from Braxil-to.
This river is 200 yards broad at its mouth, and il
navgable for 300 miles IL is rich in gold its banks
arc inhabited by hostile tribes of Indians, and COW
cred with sarsaparilla and other valuable products
of the forests. These Indians make the finest and
most beautiful hammocks that are found in the
Pampa del Sacramento; price of . hammock two
yards Of cotton The trade in poisons makes this an
important place.
Pebas is thirteen leagues below tho mouth Of the
Napo; has population of 1857, and fne country
round about fts productions are white and black
wax, sarsapsrilla, VANILLA poisons, storax "cham-
bira," hammocks, pitch, copal. incense, India
rubber, milk Of the COW tree, and many curiosi:
ties, which the Indians, who, though wild and
savage, are friendly to the white man, usually
bring in exchange for beads, trinkets, &o.
White wax IL worth two yards of cotton; black,
yards; hammock, two yards; . little pot Of poison,
four yards; one pound vanilla, eight yards
Thence to Loreto, the frontier town of Peru, we
have five small villages Loreto is l6O Leagues be.
low the head of uninterrupted navigation Of tho
HuAllaga; population, l22 In this village you find
preparation from the wild yusa, which il very pAa
table, wholesome, and nutricious 1t il good sub.
etitute for bread.
Sarayacu, situated on the right bank Of the Uoa-
yali, 800 miles above its junction with the Amazon,
has population Of l,270
This is IN important point in the midst OF fer
lille region. Eight or ten miles above this town the
Ucayal receives the Ahusyts, which takes its rise
almost on the banks of the Huallaga few miles
mp this tributary brings you to great sarsaparila
cloth Of the country the 100 pounds; which 100
pounds worth $25 in Para, and from $40 to $50
in Europe, according to the market. These eight
yards of cotton for the 100 pounds OF sarsapsris,
according to the statement of this clever black
smith, are worth four yards only Of our coarse cot
ton.
Let u.s. therefore, for the sake of illustration trace
this trade through its entire COURSE
The American or English pedlsr to the Amazon
for trader he is not-buys in New York or Liver
pool as the case may be, four yards of cotton. for
which he pays twenty five cents He ships thence
around Cape Horn to Callao. Here it pays duty at
the Peruvian custom house, and is sent thence to
Lima by mule By this time, what with freight,
transportation, and commissions, it has cost the
purchaser fifty cents 1t is then pa,ked on mules,
carried across the Andes and in about twelve months
from the time of its leaving New York or Liver.
pool it arrives at the mouth OF Ucsya whore il is
sent up by boat which occupies three hundred
working hours in going up three hundred miles to
Sarayacu and the sarssparilla country. Here this
piece Of four yards is exchanged in barter, accord
ing to Racket, the New England mechanic, from
whom have been quoting, fer one hundred pounds
then made in the rude river craft of the country,
and this hundred pounds Of sarssparilla, bought
with four yards of " penny bit" cotton. when it
reaches the Amazon is worth SO in Nauta $40 80 in
Sabatipga, $25 al Para, ana $50 at New York or
Liverpool. The voyage has beeu long and a to-
dious, and round about one, but tie profits are
enormous.
Now, if Peru and Brazil instead Of forcing COM
merce with their interior provinces to go around
Robin Hoods bow to get there, would open ports
of entry to all nations and permit them to the
navigation of the Amazon the citizens and sNbects
of Peru and Brazil, instead Of getting four yards
of cotton for their one hundred POUNDS of sarsapa-
rlla, would get three four hundred yards for it,
1t would be difficult to quote any example more
strikipgy illustrative of the advantages co Peru of
that "policy of commerce which calls for the es-
Establishment of port Of entry at the head OF navi-
cation on the Maranon as the main trunk of the
Amazon in Peru is called; at Chasuta, the head Of
navigation the Huallags; at tho head Of aviga-
tion on the Ucay ali and at Nauta, which is at the
junction of this last with the Amazon
So, Eucador ght establish ports Of entry on her
side Of the Amazon at Barja, IL the Navigation be
uninterrupted that far, andif Barja belong to her
and at the head of navigation OF each one Of her
Amazonian tributaries, as the Pastaxa the Napo,
the Pntomayo and the Japsra though the head Of
navigation Of the last is perhaps ia New Granada.
Now, If any one Of these republics should declare
"a nnffh runrld