The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-04-09

|
aristocracy has not been there az compact body,
with its own class, aims and ambitions, as in Eng
land, doing good, though perhaps unwillingly. bat
still being an element in the whole society. There
ton, and the unity, and the relief from feudalism,
which royalty has given in Franco. Our mobiles.
our Orsinis and Colonnas, have been robbers, max
ing war on one another; and our kings have been
the results OF foreign conquest-still among us, in-
deed but as viceroys, attcstng their origin by do
pending on foreign aid. We have no traditions of
monarchy or aristooracy that, Italians we can re-
0,SSe m we have gores only IN the people past
bard League to these actual days. have been fought,
not by mobiles nor kings, but by the people. Our
great names are names from the people, beloved
/ by the people-Dante, Michael Angelo, Cola di
Rienzi Massaniolo. Italy has three courses--no
more-to take in the future To accept a sacred
| league of independence between all the kings; to
accept unity with predominant king; or to pro-
| claim the nation, the people, the collective man
| The league Of princes would BIO impossible. Would
| the King of Naples and the Grand Duke of Tus
cany, the King of Piedmont and the Pope, join
| together! 1t is impossible because the princes
know that the result of such league would DO the
| exaltation Of one of them the rest. In 1913
| such a league was commenced; and when it was
| seen that the King of Piedmont would become pos
sessed OF Lombardy as his reward the other princes
Withdrew the troops we had obliged them to send.
| Gioberti proposed such league; and more may
it be talked Of in Italy. Well can we create the
ono man we want--a Napoleon in skill and Wash
| ngton in virtues? Are to wait till God, or
Providence, or chance, sends the man to us Such
man. being SENT would not, after all for us;
| for he would know he would DO but Leading to the
speedy abolition Of himself, and the substitution of
the people, in his giving the people victory ovor his
fellow kings Let us learn by the lessons of the past
Charles Albert was presented as the needed man.
The people had fought at Brescia, at Milan and at
Nence and we were free of the Austrans except the
Ausrians who had fed to their fortresses. The King
Of Piedmont stepped in to lead, and were doomed.
The people were rejected. The volunteers and tho
Swiss were rejected The people lost their enthusi-
asm. But we could have rc-crcated a popular army
and have begun again, after Novaro if the King had
not returned to Milan instead Of going his road,
and forced his affected faith He then deserted
us, and the battle was lost side, without hav
| ing been begun on the other. That would be
pcated each time we had king at our head The
| republic, then, is not only theory faith but
necessity to Our beautiful republican traditions
start with Dante, fighting for republican Florence,
| AT Campaldino, and Michael Angelo fighting for be-
siegcd Florence the height of SanmnatO against
Charles V. and Clement VIII; and we see all that
Italy has done has been done by republican Italians
But | say to you, Engiishmen, do not give us your
| sympathies on conditions. DO not ask us whether
we are republicans monarchists. Rely upon u.s.
| that what we, the majority of Italians shall do
| shall not be done wrong by us. We can do wrong
to humanity, if we listen to the voice of God, through
our conscionccs. and through our national traditions
[This reply, of which the above is but abstract
was repeatedly interrupted by applause; the
| of M. Mazzini, in addition to the matter, being
| most exciting
After some further conversations and short speech
from Mr. David Mason, the secretary to the society
| the meeting separated.
MAzzINIs CIRCULAR.
| The following circular has been addressed by NJ.
| Mazzni to the revolutionary committees ofthe Con-
tinent, under the title Of Dcs deuors dc la Demo-
| c10tic -
"What ought to be at present the mot do,drc--
the rallying cry of parties All is comprised in
/ rd--action--action,-o European, incessant,
logical, bold. and universal. Mere takers have de-
stroyed France; and they will destroy Europe, if
holy reaction is not got up against them Thanks
to such persons, we are now i'll the time Of the Lower
Empire. BY dint Of discussing the future, we have
abandoned the present to the first BY dint
Of substituting each his little Sect his little SYSTEM
his little organization Of humanity, for the great
religion Of democracy, for the common faith, for the
association OF power to make conquest Of the
position we have thrown disorganization into the
ranks. The sacred phalanx which ought to press
forward always single man, drawing closer
| together at each martyrs death, has become
| an assembage of free corps-a veritable camp
| Of Walestein, minus the genius of the mas
| ter. At the hour of attack it fell to pieces on
the right and on the left, and was found scattered
about in little detachments, everywhere except in
! the heart of the place. The enemy was one dis
cussng nothing, but acting always and it is not by
arguing on the best means of cutting and clipping
human kind to fixed standard that the foe can be
dislodged The time has come to speak the truth
plainly to friends. They have done all the evil
possible to the best of causes; they would have
killed it by excess of love and want Of intelligence
if il was not immortal accuse the socialists and
in particular the leaders, of having falsified mutt
lated, diminished our grand idea. by imprisoning
our law. common for all, within absolute systems
which usup at the time power over the liberty
of the individual, over the sovereignty of the
country and over the continuity of progress. /
accuse them of having aimed, in the name Of their
patry individuality. at giving positive solutions to
the problem Of human life, before that life was able
to manifest itself in the plentitude of its capacity
under the action Of those great electric currents
called revolutions. ! accuse them of having at
tempted to produce, at a fixed time, from their
weak or diseased brains. an organization which
not issue except from the cooperation of all the
human faculties in action, and of having substituted
their solitary for the collective ! Of Europe-of
having spoken in the name of st. Simon, Fourier,
Cabot. or any other, there, where the point to
destroy the revealing agents for the profit of the
continued revelation, and to inscribe the front
Of the temple, "God is God. and humanity is his
prophet = For having forgotten action-for
having said, 'what France to Europe is
the solution of the organization of labor"-for hav-
ing sighted the voice of such of her children
called on all the dissentient parties to organize
themselves on common ground to bear the brunt
of battle France has arrived, by Rome, at the
shame of December I'd. The whole of democratic
Europe must aid France in recovering her posi-
ton, she formerly aided Europe. She must
above all advance--advance constantly -advance
alone. to force France to join her. The movement
OF France depends mt present on the movement of
Europe; the movement of Tcssino and the nsurrec-
ton of Sicily preceded the republic of 1913. The
European initiative at present belongs to the first
people which shall rise. not in the name of a local
interest, but of European principle. Should
France do so, may God and humanity bless France!
Should she not do So let others do SO. God has
chosen people. Father of all, he is with all who
are ready to sacrifice themselves for the common
veal. From the alliance of nations must spring
the initiative and there is not at the present time
q single nation which is spontaneously rushing into
the arena or in nobly resisting. cannot raise the
two-thirds Of Europe. The day in which the de-
mocracy militant shall have government i'm
post, common ground, plan, IN ensemble of oper-
atons, it will have conquered. Until then, let it
| resign itself to M. de Maupas, Schwartzenberg and
Radetzky; let it resign itself to shame to the rod,
to transportation and to the gbbet and let it find
its compensation in the perusa of the poitica
novels which its utopian dreamers always ready
to wrte-they do not cost much trouble to be
written. JOSEPH MAZZINI.
March. 1852