The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-28

paramount-let there be no disccrd and We were
consequently silent. Now in exile, it would bs well
10 clear up fully the hungarian question, not so
much for the sake Of the past for the sake Of the
present, and still moro for the future IL is vital
question, to ascetaia the errors Of the past yet
IL is now urged that particular individuals and Ger
tain errors. though these errors can be proved to
have been fatal, should be spared As for me, say,
" the country, libery and the future. before all"
Nations reed net hereafter certain names-ths.
time is passed by. What patriot in this clings
to any name but the holy name OF liberty! He
who does 10 an idol worshippsr. do not belong to
that clase BARrH SzgME2g
rFrcm the (AussSurs essess) AIgemeipe zettung 2eh
of June 1880
wysozxI's MEMOIRS.
The discord or dissensiop, partly private partly
public, between the Polish and Magyar leaders IL
the Hungarian war. bee clearer with the publ
cation Of every new book on the revolution. Fra.
terDity, which the new French republic inscribed
on her banners, has proved itself not very efficient
in the late struggles The French themselves in
general disike foreign military service. Oaly Bal
gium can boast in modern days Of effective assist
ance OF French soldiers. In upper Italy, IN Sicily,
and Hungary, nc Frenchmen were to be seen. Uli-
roslaeskrs to,doflai service and that Of his asa,
crates, IN Sicily and Baden was paid dearec With
blosd than with money. In Hungary, or rather in
Iransyivanja, Bem obtaised important results.
but the III consequence of the defeat OF ths
Russians in Hermannstadt, ard the apfreheasions
that the flame would also ignite the Polish pro-
vincos, rendered Russian intervention necessary,
and with it The speedy suppression of tho insurre,
tion Georgey did not deceive himself on this
point. From the commencement he expressed his
fears IL this respect. Besides he thoroughly hated
the Poles as rivals, ana moro go because ko3su.h
very singulary favored them
The leaders OF the Hung rian army we're deceived
by the Husslans The appearance OF these troops
IN theis rear, AID their coDsuct, destroyed Gil cal
cUlatiors That hatred which always RACES most
fo5ieusly between contending brothors, had melted
them 60 fight the Austrians so Gercely and had
given them victory. The Russians we're opponents
to them previously unknown. They had been told
(as Laplnsky Ielates) they wore half barbarians;
but they were there astenishet TO fad their ecsrs
agreeable, civilized people, and who distributed
\ gold with bountitnl hands. The most singular
IDEAS then began to spread in the RANKS Of the
| Hungarian army. TIE captivating idea was put
4 into their minds that the Duke OF Leuchtenb srg
1 might become King Of hungary and Poland TIE
Gar it vas added, was TO carry the war for this
| end, and when the proper time came, would unite
his columns with the HungerisHs.
Even kossuth deceived himself with this strange
plan, ard actually instructed the Minister Of the
Foreign Affairs Count Casimir Batshyanyi, 60 pre-
pare amemorandun, offering the crown 20 . Rvs
sian prince OF course the Russians did not con-
sent But it was in the power Of Russis to use the
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES for the purpose ofoEtendng
her frontiers TO Mansfield, snd tbs too upon the in
yitation o, the very Magyar leaders who com
meIced tho revolution, and WHO thus proved
how little they really regarded their nationality
and their constitution, which constitution had
for centuries remained untouched IN its essen
tion complete The HungaraDs elected
all their oficers excepting afc Of the highest paid
10 taxes, (e1cept the frontier tos,) assigned the
stations OF the recruits for the army bad no police,
ard, in short, they formed complete autonomy.
How all this wouldhave been demolished under the
sovereignty Of Russia! 1t is true, Austria has abo.
lish this free position. Butin the Austrian empire
Hungary, (accordiDg to the expression Of Eugene,
who had the idea Of the Netherlands is the head
OF the monarchy, m unopened "Caiifornia" In
the Austrian army, the Hungsrians stand in tho
foremost ranks; N the i'm peral Diet, the Magyarz
were the NEST brilliant speakers; and in Ofon-
Pesth, the Hungarian provincial diets assembled
without opposition, and viii continue to do 3d. as
soon as tie first difficulties are surraountad As
for Russia, whose coasts Of far greater import
ance to her, Hungary would be only ar appendagc
OF the Molcan and Walacbis, upon which she has
set Der fcot and whose destiny ia left to her pro.
consuls If Russia holts Poland encircei With
iron arms, in order TO prevent the revival Of Old
Wild ideas OF fraternity, how could the Hungarian
nobility, the bravest ard proudest Of the monarchy,
be opposed The Me-guaTd Of tho silver n allied
Clrcassian no6ene ysSe surrounds the Car and
Hungarian magnates, to tho Hungarian noble
guard, the future which might await them in St
Petersburg. Il Is more than pro osble that th 9
person Of the Gear woulc not have boen ccnfded
TO them, but that they would have been sent to the
army e! tho Caucasus
Ii is natural that the more The Hungariaas ap-
tIoximaed TO the Russians, the more they slienacd
themselves from the Poles. Never did the Poles
think Of participating in thoee affiliations. There
are, it is true, Pansisvists among the Poea-fanati-
cal as Aizkiewitsch, End as speculative as Gurow.
Eki--but tie hatred Of centuries divides the Poles
and Russians, and if the Poles speak Of oppression
from the MUscovtes, the latter answer with remini-
seence Of the evil times when the Poles subdued
them and made slaves OF them. Such popular re.
COLLECTIONS are kept alive in the East longer than in
the West. We perceive how these things must have
approximatsd the Hungarians to the Russians and
esuanged them from the Austrians, led on by the
irexorabie Haynau. Klapka shows clearly how
Haynau, after tho battles Of Acs and Comorn, found
w for ;at,o
In his otstinacy he declined every thought Of it
Ibis was to be lamented as was also the fact that
Wlndiscn' Gratz sent away the population from
Louis Battby snyi, Deak, and the bishop OF Lona-
vics Offering reconciliation. The Russian marshal,
Paskievitch, was lees inaccessible, and them in
the course Of few weeks, authorized to say 90 the
Gar, !" he laid conquered Hungary AZ his festF
Haynau might have spared his emperor and
himself this pain, might have saved history
the bloody pages Of Arad, if no had seen tao
right tine TO ofer. the olive branch, as he was
shortly after compelled to offer il TO the determined
garrison Of Comorn. His pride would not allow
him to Dc it. The advantages gained on the Waez,
at Comcrn and Raab sTeled his breast with rage,
ard BY forced marches he pushed to the Thsial to
Iemeswer, IN the middle of the insurrectioa. TIE
| thought that the Russians might win IN stead 81
himself. II the last decisive engagements gave him
10 rest lie knew tho negotiations which Gorgey
two weeks since entered into with the Russian be adj
| qunrters--evon the AIch6uka Regent (a1ministr.-
tor) at Frankfort knew cf Thorn, rs Is SHOWN by
published note from Prince Wittgens.ei1. He beat
Dem ~ leneENEr-he tAoOkol ne had already the
| crown CT victory in his hfnGs, Shen the inteili-
| gence came that GoTgoy had surrendered himself
with lis army and OIL tic rcrersl. To the R1saans.
Tor this &c could not fcTgi the Hung aTisns lie
set some aside tor pardon but thoso who had
trusted the friendly mien ard words o. mo Rus-
slams, and for whom PaaiIieUtch himself presented
petition 70 the Emperor, experienced the terrible
sentcnce Of Arad. Had II not been executed the
ultimate reconciliation Of Austria to Hungary
would have been infinitely easier. The commits
| stoned officers Of Gorgey had evidently hoped for
certain pardon, because OF their treatment from
! The Bussian generals and army. Wysozki has
added to the number OF writings this disastrous
battle by his memoirs. IN tho Polish legion tie
was tho chief OF the democratic party, vhilo Count
Iomoyski represented the aTistocratic party. II is
less surprising that TIE divsion of the Polish par
ties extended 50 far, and even into the asylum Of
Niddn, than that BEN ID Ibis Poli1h legion Was
regarded nc traitor ID. lot " hear Wysczs
LiuEef lie eavp.-