The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-03-05

view, n mus Indeed - oensAoeroa - . nessW u
course. About sixty years have elapsed since The
6rst French revolution. and during this period
France has been tho theatre OF three, or rather
four, revolutions, and has been blessed with ton
constitutions, established on modern revolutionary
principles. Il IL true that good many obscure
people have been gamers, and have accumulated
immense riches by these transmutaiions; yet, the
French people, In general, have not only got mo-
thing, but, moreover, have been over curdsnsd
with taxes, to such degree that, while In 1889 the
rate of taxes paid was but ~ ffsncs per head had
Ia 1876 increased to 20 Thus tho French, being rs
clear sighted AID judicious rs any cther people,
came 1t Last TO the clear that their revo-
lutionary leaders and pretended benefaotoss are
their worst enemies, ard that to put an end, at
once, to such shameful state Of things. nothing
remained but to turn the weapons against the con-
triyeIs and propsg OF il. Even the operatives
have joined them in their task; and thus tho
French revoIutioDiats-havisg on the one side
public opinion against themselves, and being
on tho other urfavored by the operatives and other
people Of the lower clasSes-are undoDe, and, OF
course, at the same time, quito unable to kindle
the fire Of revolution in other European countries,
as they hitherto did with such great success THIS
beng the case thiOk OF tas Gs'Penssnoy among
and Hungary Relying, with full coahdenoe, on
the outbreak Of q fresh revolution in France, they
bad already made all arrangements fo- similarerdp-
lions, pointed cut the next victims Of their fury,
drawn up articles of future constitutions, SO and
now they arc struck with the sight both of total
failure, and OF suaden change ia the public opinion,
evidently unfavorable to them.
appreLend Mr.. kossuth will not DO behind those
who have made the sad discovery tina; the time of
revolutionary fancies and of fascin atoms ~ Robert
Blum or k;nkel, d u Mazxni or Gsribaldi, a Ia
Kossuth, SO is pas.-at least, for very long
while. Disappointed, as the latter is, in his last
bope-that OF an armed Intervention, on the pars Of
the United States, in the cause Of Hungary-he at
prese Mt ruGs the risk of even losing the nimbua
II III lx-J a. Cn~
For the Americans, having AT present ample oppor-
tunity to become acquainted with him, will not be
deficient In penetrating him, and in discovering his
mental superfoiality and want of principle The
only thing in which be exeelled, when at the head
Of the Hungarian revolution, was o peerless dex-
teIity ia plotting, and great familiarity with the
customs, manners, and particular character OF the
Hungarian people In general, and especially OF tho
lower classes-a familiarity which he had acquired
in bis former position as lawyer and Of which he
availed himself in canning manner. Being no
stranger to the total ignoran and stupidity OF the
lower classes, he knew perfectly we'll that by touch
ing their weak side, they would follow him like
flock following the bell wether. II you be Unlisted
into the mystery how to deal with, or to manage,
common hungarian, you may order him to kill his
BROTHER to kill his friend, and he will kill both
bis brother and friend without hesitation. This
extreme dulness is owing only and solely 70 the per
versivc system of tho Hungarian arstocrats, who,
at all times, have counteracted the benevolent de-
signs and exertlons OF the Austrian government for
raising the lower classes in Hungary to intelligence
and civilization; and, strange to cay, they Them
selves are far from being rich in knowledge or vol
sist in dancing, riding, and other bodily exercises
| Only some few among them able to write Ger
man or French letter IN a correct style Neyerthe-
less, they are not at oil deficient in hrewdness and
| in the ert OF caballiDg; and M Kossuth being
likewise master of this skull, has dealt with the
Hungarian aristoorats in the very same manner.
Authentic letters, which partly have been inter-
ceptcd, and partly printed in the K0s iony the
an n ho nnvSou
lutioB), st strange light on Kossuths and others
behaviour and doiDgs during that revolution. At
| the very same time when Kossuth was intriguing
against Gorgey, he wrote an afectiopate letter to
him, from Debrecsn, March 24th, 1919, containing.
| among others, the following passage $" Let Us
only have gained the victory, and emoved all dan
gers, then both Of us, and conformity, we shall soon
ind out tho means to prevent any arrog alton Of
authority which might prejudice the liberties ofthe
| nation" In other words, kossuth would say
After the final victory, VIC will share fraternally,
| one with another, the supreme power.
In letter addressed to kossuth from Versec3,
juno 18th, lS49 the writer, General Maurice Perc
eel complains, in strong terms, of the intrigues
oontrived against him. The intrigue" hs says.
/" abuses NE and nay little army worse and
worse. Emissaries are sent into my camp, for
the purpose OF instigsting my own troops against
nc. l don't wish that God may punish you
for the shameful AID unprecedented maaner in
| which you have treated me, now for the third
| tire. Yet God has already condemned you
to ignominicus fight, and reciprocal treason Had
Windischgratx, after the battle Of Kopolna prose-
cuted his victory you woulo long since have been
about your authority; and entertaining stronger
affection for it than for your country, you have
conspired once more against me, and constrained
me, by your secret orders, to resign my command !"
What kind of military discipline existed, under
such miserable circumstances, is conceivable. A
letter Of John Palffy, from Clansenburg, date
August l, lsly, contains some remarkable particu.
| lars, in the following passage:-" What write is
| unfortunately for att 90
here-ill with reference to military, and still worse
with reference to public affairs Benz, estimating
the number of his troops higher than it actually is,
and thus ovcrrating his strength, promises more
than no can perform. AS far as | can judge by
the facts, have great doubt that with this for ce,
and these dserdery troops he will be able to main
tain ITansylvania against the superior force of tho
enemy. shudder at the acts of violence COM
mitted in this country by these troops There is
no discipline among them. Every commander be-
haves like Pasha, AID does not care for any ORDERS
people are enrs ged-being treated without the
slightest regard, and oppressed in the most upju7-
t6able manner. Without mentioning thst relays
are never paid, it frequently occurs that the sol
| diers take away both horses aad oxen, and sell
them, putting tho money in their own pockets
| nay, both ofi;crs and common soldiers 60 round
to visit tho stables, and wherever they find fine
horse, they take It away without any ceremony.
Lately. Lieutenant Colonel took delight in q
whole stud, whoso owner had done nothing wrong
against his country; and he exacted. it, under the
| pretext that, If no did not take the horses, the
Kussians would. But all this is nothing. compared
with tie extortions of money, which exceed all be-
lief. Officers of somewhat higher rank become
capitalists within the space Of few months; while,
at the Same time, the common soldier does not
receive his pay. The public authority being at pre-.
necessity Of submitting patiently to the atrocities
committed on them by those dssolute armed bands"
In letters from Unghvar and Epsries, Of May
I'D and 24th, 1919, the commissioners of govern.
i ment, Thomas Otvos and Paul LuzsoneZky. COM
plain of the difficulties connected with the levy Of
recruits, and lay them to the charge of the clergy,
and especially Of the bishops, in tho above named
| places Upon this the Primo Minister, Barthoo.
NEW Szenore, Cat present residing in Paris,) or
dcred forthwith (by letter from Debrecziu, May
26h 1919 the deposition of the bishops and of all
the clergy, in case they did not instantly 90 round
| with the crucifx foremost, and succeed in filing
the people with patriotic enthusiasm by their ad
| dresses and sermons. In the above quoted letter
| of kossuth to Gcrgey in which he tbric, iuyokos