The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1852-05-05

ual bureau, the head of which shall be called g the
Commissioner OF Agriculture" whose shall be four
Sensle, and shall receive yearly salary OF $4,000. 4
The second section provides that the Commissioner
shall collect agricultural statistics and distribute
valuable grains Seeds cuttings buds, and tubers pro-
cure and put in operation chemical laboratory cost
not exceeding $4,000 and be made all desirable
analysis OF minerals aud mineral waters and such
late 10 the composition and Improvement Of soils. and
collect information OF the same, and OF the proportions
and uses oil soils feeding OF domestic animals; prepare
oh aud preservation OF provisions and breadstuts; the
culture OF coton rice, corn, wheat. flax, hemp. and
sugar. and such manufactures may be directly
nected with agriculture and arise Immediately out Of sgr
cultural products and TO prepare and make, annually
full report Congress- containing an account Of such ex
peents may have been made, and such useful infor
nation he may have obtained in the duties of his
Office and all the duties apperainng 10 agriculture shall
be transferred from the Patent Office to this, s4
The third section provides that there shall be appointed
by the commissioner chemist at salary OF $4,000;
chief clerk, at salary OF $l 600 recording clerk,
81 900 and one messenger, $50 year.
Here is bill as simple and rlan as the elements Of our
government express and explicit as language make
u in all It's delaiis and embracing outlay OF $l0,350.
The general policy OF the nation appears to be agrcu-
tural rather than manuacurngto buy merchandise
rather than TO make it. Many OF those who have been
engaged in manufacturing must turn their attention TO
agriculture ior want OF other business II is the main
business in which foreigners, as they come TO coun
Try, engage Oar country is being opened and
settled rapidly with enterprising farmers s9s
within the last few years the world More has been
done in Europe in years than has been twenty be-
fore TO improve ii more in America in FIVE years past
than in forty five before Since the present session
began four States have passed resolutions almost unan
nous, am informed, asking this organizaion-Flor-
] ida, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Indiana.
The present proposition not principle, but only
an Improvement upon our present. policy. Last year
$500 appropriated. Now, only ask the appro
palon to be distributed by an accredited agent Every
member OF this House who has will bestow any
attention 10 the manner in which the business IS now
done cannot bn, that Improvement is necessary
The first and obvious would appear to be dis
connexon from the Patent Office Il does not appear 70
have any necessary connexon with it than would
have with the War or Navy Office. "a
All conn uncatons upon this business addressed to
the Patent Office, and, from the vast amount OF the bus
ness of that office, these communications receive
only passing and incidental attention, and passed to the
clerk o agriculture, who is only temporarily employed to
do the business He may be only engaged Tor one month,
or for six, for twelve The appropriation only for
year. aud 1t may end entirely at the end OF the year
There may be twelve different clerks employed in the
year, and each have different mode Of doing the
business No method system Is required, and no one
has any object credit to make systematic and method
ical Detach from its present connexion, and you ne
cessay require that the duties be Defined and that
take charge II is objected by that the general
government should not interfere tor it belongs TO the
States The States refuse with precisely the same reason
and force that induce the government decline, and say
that does belong ihem but individuals should do
it, Individuals refuse because the States and general
government refuse and there nothing done There ls
not township in the United States where an improve
ment connected with agriculture is proposed that ma
jory OF the farmers would not refuse cooperation also
from the influence the national negative would have.
Such naiions influence, and such It's examples upon
the people, and has been through whole history The
science oil agriculture sprang the days oil Washing
on Jefferson, Swift, and others, and struggled Tor
head and common fountain that might supply all
the streams of commerce and want the land, aud
for want OF il withered away. Il has sprung up since,
and strove for the object and died away from the
same cause II Is nov sprIngng up again. and extend-
ing country has extended and increased,
and common wants multiply and exisnd-is making
vigorous effort and calling loud long, and often upon
tba patio head bIs fnunia lin
and II is rcpused and fail its fate will be the
yea worse for it is loaded with the weight OF many de-
teats and the walls OF many millions ss ta1t aol
Nations stand States and individuals parents dot
their offspring and with this relation is exceedingly
forcibe, and endeang; for children are
Increasing the sands OF the sea- and be
ing the whole earth Already their cries for aid, proiec
ton, AMI instruction reach from the Rocky mountains.
This relation imposes reciprocal duties and obligations
from the other. From offspring aid pro-
lection, and instruction, and from them to hdely.
And may this relation through all time be preserved,
cherished, and cemened The children-yes the chill
dren-o this great agricultural family ask-yea, i'm
portune-ibe parent the nation for head for foun.
tan which they look for instruction. science, and
wis om guide them their infancy, and sustain them
10 old age. DO repe with the negative-that the
family is numerous the wants many, and the expenses
great We reply, You beget and bear us. you have
scattered the face OF the yearth; to you alone
look. and TO you will cling Grant the prayer,
and the protection visible aud the fidelity enduring
But am told agriculture should be free. unprotected un
taught These lerms--free, freedom, and free Iadein
their latudnous and ndscrmnaie use are as unnean-
ing and suicidal il would be for nation TO let loose
and unbndle all the passions and propenses OF her sub
jscs and the reins OF her governments Tor parent 10
say his child It's birth, Go, be free TO your maturity
for the agcuuris TO dig out the bowels OF the earth
and return nothing to H. and turn IT OH because II Is
worn out. No, this will DO. The agrIcullurlst
for nothing that inerferss with the general we'll
digesed views OF any memoer oil this body. We only
ask for the scientific influence aud power OF the govern
men, TO aid aud direct all our various avenues Of free
dom and away from the shoals and quick sands
that beset path, without chart or compass. We
propose only furnish the seat o government where
all our centres, where all other nations centre TO
transact business, scientific organ agent OF our own
creation, auayze soil and accumulate information
in the propose, and send II over the country
broadcast the shape OF reports Tor the benefit and I'M
provement OF the masses. .sas4st laa /. +
Permit me to give single instance Of the result of
ana yzng sods IN immediate vicinity. which rot
from the public journals, aud ffom Mt Johnson himself
Hon. Reverdy Johnson, in 1Si9. bought farm
Baltimore poor ha, the last crop OF would yield
peck TO the aud all plants and vegetables growing
upon the hundred would not make load OF
and found all The elements OF ieriy except phosphoric
acid, and trace of That He recommended prepara-
ton OF bones, which applied expense OF ten dol.
lars Health restored to the deserted soil, and
the crop twenty nine bushels OF wheat TO me
That soil OF similar character TO all the poor and
partially deserted soil about this region. VINO knows,
and who may not nationally infer from this single exam
pie, that your chomsl in single year, IN your own
nrghbohood may and save enough to this ma
ton to pay his salary for fifty years.
But am told hy honorable members of our COM
miltee for whom entertain high regard, that the plan
is unconstitutional What Is u TO be said that America
-, a.. l. al. 1.ll A 49,