Washington telegraph., 1852-04-21
Culture of Cotton in Macedonia, etc.

an inquest lately instituted by the French
Minister of Commerce, touching onr great
staple, cotton, will not be void of interest
to most of our readers:
The cultivation of the Brazil cotton has
not been tried in Macedonia but several
years trial has been made in the district of
| Seres and Drama, of the fine qualities of
| the United States, which have been perfect
| ly successful 1t has been ascertained
moreover, that the United States cottons
are superior in value by over twenty per
cent, to any which have hitherto been cul-
tivated in the province. Nevertheless, the
successful trial Of them has not been fol-
lowed up, because they have to be picked
very rapidly, and in Macedonia the hands
are too few, and perhaps the cultivators too
lazy to comply with this condition. In the
next place, the ginning presents more diff
culties than for the kinds of cotton now cul-
tivated for it requires the use of machines,
the cost of which exceeds the means of the
cultivators and proprietors of the country,
| who, indebted almost without exception, can
only raise money by paying usurious inter
est The kind of cotton now cultivated is
separated from the seed by means Of large
| cylinders, the expense Of which is not more
than 81 co to 81 20.
/ The principal cotton districts in Macedo-
MIA, are those of Seres Drama, and Zigna.
| Since the commencement of the present GEN.
/ turv the cultivation of cotton has been to a
considerable extent replaced by that OF grain
and Indian corn.
The cultivation Of cotton in Thessalia is of
little Importance, producing scarcely enough
for local consumption.
In Anatolia herbaceous cotton has been
cultivated for a long period in the districts
OF Aydin and Brousse 1t is planted in
March and picked in September. 1t is cul-
tivated so easily and the quality is so good
that before the introduction of the Jumel,
OF cotton tree, into Egypt, the country used
to import all its cotton seed from Anatolia.
Even at the present day she has recourse to
this province at times But the cotton
which grows from this seed does not on its
turn produce seed suitable for planting and
she found it necessary every year to get
supplies from Asia Minor. This incoaye-
nience, joined to the fact that the Anatic
!
produces for seven years, has contributed
more and more to make Egypt abandon the
Anatolian cotton, though it is reputed to be
OF superior quality.
The demand having fallen off for Anato.
liam cotton, the production has been dimin.
ished also In fact, the annual expectation
which before the Americans had carried the
o,,Il;vo.;o, Of cof+on tn o,,cb ON avtont l. !
risen, for Smyrna to from 10000 to 10000
bales per year, is reduced now to from I2
900 to $4,000 The weight of the bale.
varies from 450 to 600 !bs-this difference
growing out of the necessity Of regulating
the weight to the strength of the camel,
used in transporting the cotton. Each ami
NAL carries two bales.
The cotton of Anatolia is divided into
five qualities, the first comprising the cot
tons of Sobondja and Aydin: the second
those of Kirk-Adagje; the thi.d those o
Canada the fourth those of Kinck and o.
Peraame the fifth those of Magnesia
which are the least esteemed. The average
crop each year is about 10000 bales, OF
say 16,500,0 900 pounds. 1t often happens
that more cotton is produced in the yeaI
than is sufficient both for the demands foi
expectation and for home consumption. In
F such cases the growth of corn is substituted
the following year for that OF cotton, anc
the trade in the latter is confined, OF course
to what remains IN hand.
But these facts have no particular infiu
ence on the cotton market we can only con
clude from them that in case OF an extraor
dnary demand, Anatolia could furnish mucl
larger crops. The 10000 bales which now
constitute her annual production are dispos
. ed of thus: 5000 bales, say 4,500,00(
pounds, are retained for home consumption
. from II 900 to $1,000 bales are exported
and about 10000 bales are used in the man
, ufactories of Aydin, Canada, and Menemen
! One of the principal importers of cottol
, from Asia Minor is Marseilles In lS5t
she imported, in forty-fve vessels. 7,6l'
bales, containing about 4,190,00O pounds
. In 1851 however, the quantity was mucl
: smaller, as up to November 26 she ha
only received 1895 bales, containing abou
/ 100000 pounds. The first quality cottol
: from Anatolia was worth in November
1 1851, about five cents per pound the low
;. est quality was worth about four.and ha
$ cents. This last year the crop has bee
e very small, on account of the dryness of tn
o season."
We learn from the same source that tn
). Sultan is this year trying, on a large scale
G in the country around Smyrna, the cultur
It of cotton from seed procured expressly ft
n this purpose from the Southern Unite
r States We have not yet learned the resu
d of the experiment.