The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-04-24

eight O'Clock this evening there was an immense multi
tude assembled and he briefly addressed them from the
Masasoit House where he has put up observing that
the climate was cold. but their hearts were warm
lie announced to have addressed the people in the
North Church this evening but he postponed 1t till to-
morrow morning. at nine O'Clock.
Notes Nebraska Territory.
BY tn. JEFFERSON SUTHERLAND.
Know yc the land Of the cedar and vine,
Where the flowers blossom. the beams shine
Where the light wings Of phyr oppressed with perfume
Where the citron and olive are fares of fruit,
And the voice Of the nightingale never is mute;
Where the birds Of the earth and the hues Of the sky
In color tho varied in beauty may vie?
Lord Byron
In 1850, the writer was furnished by the Commits
sioner Of the General Land Office, at Washington,
with outline map of the proposed territory Of Ne
braska By this map the territory is represented to
embrace the country between the fortieh and forty
third degrees of north latitude, and to extend from
the westerly shore Of the Missouri river to the Rocky
Mountains and which tract Of country is estimated
to contain l36, 700 square miles, 81 4S3 900 acres
ofland.
From the above noted fact it is to be inferred
that it is tho disposition of the present administra
ton Of the government at Washington, to fix the
south boundary line Of the territory Of Nebraska
upon the forteth degree of north latitude. Bat to
this the writer objects and insists that there are
many good reasons for extending the south line Of
the territory to the thirty ninth degree Of north Ia
titudo and in part to the Kansas river. Among the
for thus extending the south boundary line
Of the territory, are included the facts, that the
country forming the westerly shore Of the Missouri
river and extending west several hundred miles, and
from the Kansas river up to the forty-thrd degroo
Of north latitude is of precisely the same character
in face Of country, soil, climate, and vegetable and
mineral productions-a country of like resources in
every section; and chen the fact that there is
upon the immediate shores Of the Missouri river,
and on those of its principal tributaries which will
confne the carly settlements of the territory to the
ncighborhoods of those shores.
In the opinion Of the writer, good policy on the
part of the government at Washington, and pro-
per regard for the interest of those who shall inhlbit
the territory of Nebraska. demand that its boundary
lines should be fixed rs follows: -Commcncing at
point in the centre of the main channel Of the Big
Sioux river. where the is intcrsected by the
lire Of the forty-thrd degree Of north latitude,
and from thence running southwardly along the
centre of the main channel Of the said Big Sioux
river to its mouth. or junction with the Missouri
river: and from thence sOuthwardly along the CEN
tire Of the main channel Of the Missouri river, in
GLIDING within the said territory OF Nebraska, all
the islands in the said Missouri river not embraced
within the bounds Of tho States Of Iowa and Mis-
souri,, to point where the waters of the Kansas
river empty into the Missouri river; and from thence
westwardly up the centre of the main channel Of
the Kansas river to point where the same is inter-
seced by the line Of the thirty degree of north
latitude AID from thence along the line of the
said thirty. ninth degree Of north latitude to the
main ridge Of the Rocky Mountains; and from
thence northwardly along the said main ridge Of
the Rocky Mountains to point where the same is
ntersecied by the line of the forty third degree Of
north latitude; and from thence cast along tho line
of the said fortythrd degree of north latitude TO
the place Of beginning.
The style of the territory comprised within the
above stated boundaries is derived from its princi
pal river, which is named by the Indians, Nebras
4 Ill Al d. 49,
the whites. During its ordinary stages. the surface
Of water in the channel Of the Nebraska river is
scarcely more than that OF the quick sands aud to
persons standing upon the bluffs and looking down
upon the stream while the glare of the sun is rest
ing upon it, there is presented tho semblancc Of
river Of silver, and hence the French name, . La
Platte''-the silver river " Nebraska is on
Ooe Indian word signifying broad and shallow,
and is descriptive OF the character OF the river.
The Missouri river flows along the entire eastern
boundary line Of the territory; and this river, taken
in connection with the Mississippi into which it
flows is the longest river on the globe. From the
highest nayigable point Of the stream to the Gulf
OF Mexico, the distance is ,i9l miles; and from
its head-waters to the junction with the Misss
sippi, its length is 1906 miles The source Of the
Missouri river is by three considerable branches
which rise in the Rocky Mountains, between the
oryseventh and tyeighth degrees Of north lati
tude. and which unite not far from the principal
range of the mountains
After the junction of the head streams, the Mis-
souri, continues, for considerable distance. foam
ing mountain torrent Ii then spreads into a bread
and comparatively gentle stream, full of islands.
Pre,pitous peak of black rock frown above the
river in pe1cndN lar activities Of 900 feet The
mountains whose base it there sweeps, covered
with pines ccdars, and frs. There is then n cata-
ract for the distance Of about scyenteen miles and IL
this distance the waters fall 362 feet. The first psr-
pCndituar fall is 81 feet, the second Is feet the
thnd 81 feet, and the fourth 20 feet.
The Yellow Stone river is the largest tributary Of
the Missouri 1t rises in the same ranges OF noun
tains. and hns many Of the characteristics OF the
1 principal river II comes in from tn south, and
"a lies with the Missouri near tha torty-eighth deg
Of north latitude. At its mouth it is $50 yards
I wide and appears to he the largest Of the two
4 streams. Fom the mouth Of he Yellow stone
down 70 The confluence Of the Missouri with the Mis-
sisiTp river the distance il so miles, navigable
:, steamers the entire stretch of the Missouri.
4 Ii, waters # the Missouri how rapidly, aud its
bee u composed Of immense masses Of sand This
occasions is current 10 be continually on the change
Con, inun.ly tcaiing Up IN place ard plng up
IL auolher-whch renders is navigation difficult,
uut moi dangerous II is subjected 70 annual ris-
ii Is. occasoied By the melting Of the the
mountains in the region Of rs bead waters. This
etmm,nccs about tie middle Of My. aud the watcr
obtains IL highest stage about the middle If June.
The watcr i always iulbd, and At ITS mouth the
4i.suuri II tbout y half mile IN width.
The N,brska Or plstte river, j the second Of the
laiccI tiiLutall- IL the Missouri II rises, by two
tJanchcs. called The North and South Forks, ~ the
Becky Muuntnin3. After the union OF the Two
c.Es ~ Tue lNtl, hHltH y loiHC1 uu0ut iou Huii
ii, milo distant hom their sources, the waters OF
\, bIaeka fow eastwa ", pursuing course along
III ctnuc oftla proposed ter .oiy, the distance 81
III NJ 6m hundred miles further. and unite with The
waters a. Ne Missouii aver in forty-ono degrees,
trlc minutes thircCn seconds, forth latitude. The
. u.,uih Il tie Nebraska river Is about seven hun
s C.td miles above The confluence Of the waters of
ii,e oui with Tie Mississippi river measuring tho
10, atGcit Of The Missouri fiJor Az rs mouth tho
4 r. blaika river il about six hundred yards wide,
lut above il spreads out into brendths Of from one
q Since miles; and, al low water, this seocmiDg