The Ohio star. [volume] (Ravenna, Ohio) 1830-1854, 1852-12-08

treaty OF Gua0alOup0 IcdsiuS ua'oooo VI
SI46, 80. 81 in the Treasury on the hrst day
of July last Since the latter period further pur-
chases of the principal of the public debt havs been
made the extent of s., ,456, 49. and the surplus
n the Treasury will continue to be applied TO that
object whenever the stock can be procured within
the limits, as to price, authorized by law.
The value of foreign merchandise imported du-
ring the last fiscal year two hundred and sew
en- millions two hundred aud forty-one thousand
one hundred and one dollars, (S207, ,240, 1919 |
and the value of domestic productions exported
was one hundred and fortynine millions eight hun
dred and sixty-one thousand nine hundred and
eleven dollars, (Sl49 SCI .911;) besides $4,000
600 two hundred aud four thousand and twenty |
six dollars, (S17, ,204 026) of foreign merchandise
exported; making the aggregate of the entire ex-
ports one hundred and sixty-seyen millions sixty
five thousand nine hundred and thirty seven dol
lars, 1879 exclusive of the above there
was exported forty-two millions five hundred and |
seven Thousand two hundred and eighty five dol |
lars, (S42509, 252) in specie; and imported from
foreign ports five millions two hundred and sizty-
two thousand six hundred and forty-three dollars.
! [S5,262, ,643.l
In my first annual message to congress 1 called
your attention to what seemed to me some defects
10 the present tariff and recommended such modi-
fcations as in my Jud cement were best adapted to
remedy its evils and promote the prosperity of the
country. Nothing has since occurred to change
my views this important question.
Without repeating the arguments contained
in my former message in favor of discrimina-
ting, protective duties, | oeem ii ny duty to
call your attention to one or two other consd-
erarions affecting This subject. he first is the
effect of large importa,ions of foreign goods up
on currency. Most OF the gold of Califor>
MA as fast Us it is coiaed finds It's way directly
to Europe in payment for goods purchased. In
The second place, as our manufacturing estab
ishmehts are broken down by competition with
foreigners, the capital invested 10 them is LOST,
thousands Of honest and industrious citizens are
thrown out Of employment, and the farmer 10
that extent is deprived OF home market for the
sale of his surplus produce. In the third place,
f the destruction Of our manufactures leaves the
foreigner without competition in our market,
and he consequently raises the price Of the
ticles sent here for sale, as is now seen in The
/ increased cost Of iron imported from England.
. The prosperity and wealth of every nation
must depend upon its productive industry. The
farmer is stimulated to exertion by finding ready
market for his surplus products, and being beue
3 flied by being able to exchange them without loss
of time, or expense of transportation, for the
ufactures which his comfort convenience requi
q res. This is always done TO the best advantage
t where portion of the community in which he
lives is engaged in other pursuits. But most man
ufastures require an amount of capital and prac-
r tcal skill which cannot be commanded, unless
a they be protected for a time from ruinous COM
: petion from abroad.
9 Hence the necessity of laying those duties up
L on imported goods which the Constitution author
o ICES for revenue in such manner as to encourage
the labor of citizens. Duties however
= should not be fixed at n rate SO high TO exclude
y the foreign article. but should be SO graduated as
i to enable the domestic manufacturer fairly to com
lt pete with the foreigner in our own markets. and
/ by this competition to reduce the price of the
article to be consumed 10 the lowest rate at which
he pTn1 oIirxr MIA tlla
mechanic by the side of the fnrmer, create a mutu-
of al Interchange of their respective commodities
e and thus stimulate the industry of the whole
/ country, and render US independent of foreign
e notions for the supplies required by the habits
T. necessities of the people.
OF Ano5her question, wholly independent of pro-
lection, presents itself and that is, whether the
lg duties levied should he upon the valus of the
m tcle at the place of shipment, where it is prac
n ticable. specific duty, graduated according tc
nnanlity, as asceria.nsd by weight or measure.
le All our duties ad va A certain percent
le oge is levied the price Of goods at the port
as shipment in foreign country. Most commerea
j. nations have fund indispensable for thu PURPOSE
IN ofPreventing fraud and perjury to make the duties
Ia specific whenever the article is eff such uniform
Id value in weight or measure af to justify such
IN putty. Legislation should never encourage dis
rs houesty crime. 1t is impossible that the Ieve
ID nue. officer the port where the goods enter
IN cd and the duties paid should know with eertant
law requires that they should levy the duty &c
nc cod,ng to such cost. They therefore com
'e PEELED 10 resort to very unsatisfactory evidence
at ascertain what that cost
r They take the invoice of the importer attsstet
ne by his oath the best evidence of which the
c. ture of the admits. But every mus
ur see that the invoice may be fabricated and th
n oath by which tits supported false, by reason o
re- which the dishonest importer pays part only o
nd the duties paid by the honest one and thus ndi
he TIp;to
- for his perjury. The reports of the Secretary o
70 the Treasury heretofore made the subject shov
rn conclusivey that these frauds have been practice
SO to great exten. The tendency is to destroy tina
ur high moral character for which merchant
pt have long been distinguished to defraud the Gov
OF ernment of its revenue; break down the homes
Is importer by dishonest compe.ion and finally Il
no transfer the business of importation to foreign
ed irresponsible agents greatly to thedetrment of ou
ry own citizens. 1therefre again most earnestl
recommend the adoption of specific duties where
20 ever it is practicable home valuation to pre-
OF vent these frauds.
nix would also again chl your attention to the fac
m that the present tariff in some imposes
n higher duty upon the raw material imported tina
IL upon the article manufactured from it, the conse
"o quence of which is that the duty operates TO tn
to encouragement of the foreigners and the dscour
ne agement of own citizens.
'rs For full and detailed information in regard
ey the general condition of our Indian affairs.
GU respectfully refer you TO the report OF the lnte
'nt rior and the accompanying documents.
NJ The Senate not having thought proper to ratif
dl. the treniies which have been negotiated with til
nd tr;be. of Indian in California snd Orepon our re
nh Iatons with them hove been left in very unsati:
an factory condition.
,es u other parts of our territory particular district
of the country have beenset apart for the exclu
not sive occunation of the Indians and their RIGHT
lse the lands acknowledged and respected But
ri- California and Oregon there has been recogn
ing ,inp by the Government of the exclusive right
ION the Indians to any part of the country. The
na are therefore tenants at sufferauce, and liz
Of BILE to be driven fronm place place, the pleas
Nv ure of the whites
The treaties which have been rejected propt
la SD TO remedy this evil by alloting the dfferel
~ tribes Gis ricts of country sutoble their habits
tn I, III This