The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1852-09-19

selves 10 bathrooms and fashionable soiIees not
prepared the senator 10 be- TO blow up The Unl
ted States corps of typographical engineers OF use,
nor prepared TO oelieve that corps organized BY The
State will be any more efficient than, or even hall as
efficient the accomplished officers OF the United States
army
+ do not understand how the is TO get his ma
chnery into operation take Il Tor granted he con,em-
plates something practical, and that he has something
in view than 10 display himself and his subject be-
fore the country do not understand that the
proposes to Dust the United States of all jursdicton-he
has brought action of eecment against The gene
raj government quo ad hoe. but the contrary under
stood from the Concluding portion OF his remarks that.
in the plenitude OF his condescenslon, he IS willing 10
receive proper contribution for this great national OBJ
ect IRON the strong box OF 'Uncle SAM, al least until
The scheme could 20 into operation.
But let attend 10 the modus opsandt OF THIS scheme
We will suppose that Kentucky and Missouri into
compact TO improve much of the mississippi as lies
between those States. and that they establish and levy
carry the worktha Tennessee and Arkansas do the
same thing as TO so much OF the river as lies between
those States. and Mississippi, and Louisiana like.
wise, and then Louisiana alone as TO SO much
of the river as is wholly within her limits; how
these duties TO be colleceds Does the senator con-
template the erection OF forts, to compel steamboats, TO
come 10 and pay TOLL at all the various points of
ton We will suppose the senator TO be in command OF
| one of these forts he halls steamboat, and says
Halo. Mr. Captain there is ll'iie 59il due here
captain do Why rush by IN spite OF any lire the hon
orable senator could open son his rear What next !!
Why. the would have to call around him fleet
OF revenue cutters. and give chase 10 the delinquent No
doubt his qualifications az admiral, for we all
know he contemplated not long since taking the ehel
United States though he happened 10 slip up al BALTIMORE
PITY us It's ue!" But, as have said, the admiral must
give chase--lhey go rushing down the Mississippi
would the craft OF friend be quite likely TO be
Pierced by Polk stalk as the fugitive steamboat Hea
ven forbid such an EXPOSURE Such exalted statesman
ship should be reserved for &c. and not be put so wan
tonly at hazard
| But, Mr.. President, have little bit OF colloquy TO
hold with the honorable senator on subject OF deeply
interesting import to his constituents and the whole
Northwest, and here institute the inquiry: WHO'S to
pay these tonnage duties this advsed scheme
is carried into eect We will suppose that farmer IN
northern Illinois raises FIVE hundred bushels OF wheat,
which he sends the New York market TO obtain means
pay for his land, or support his family, or both On
arrival at Chicago, some ax-gatheer or publcan las
they called old tmes) makes grab at II IN me
OF tonnage duties, to improve the haoor OF that
place; al the ST. Clair Flats another publican makes an
other grab 10 open channel there; at buffalo anolner
grab for The use of the harbor at that place and finally,
at Albany another grab, subdue the oversaugh below
that city How much Of the wheat OF the poor farmer
would remain after running the gauntlet OF all these AK
and after being subjected all these exacols
Or, the farmer OF northern or middle limos chooses 10
ship his wheat New York New Orleans, how much
viii after being taxed to improve the haI Dor OF d.
Louis clear the snags and sawyes out OF the Msss-
sippi from ST. Louis TO New Orleans, and even TO clear
and deepen of the mouths OF the Great Father
OF Waters I"
The senator from Michigan Mr. CAssJ seemed to have
some just notion on the subject He ordinarily knows
what he is about and that Is more than can be sad OF
den to fall tell the senator from Illinois Mr.
DoUoLAs that is 10 fall the necks OF the farmers OF
the West and Northwest. care not which way the
freight is going, whether up or down. II going down 10
the ultimate marketsuch ho1r, wheat corn, polk,
beef butter cheese lard, hemp WOOL tobacco, and Other
agricultural producs-l can demonstrate that every shl
ling of these duties is TO out OF the pockets OF Ire
farmers of The West and Northwest; and can denoI-
sate also, that every shilling levied upon freghls the
other waysuch tea, coffee, sugar. salt, iron, wooe,
and Gotten goods and ten thousand other articles OF con
sumption-wlll also come out OF the pockets OF these
same farmers. Yes, SIT, the preempt'onefs and The
log cabin boys thus 10 be visited by the hand OF op
preston and taxaon The senator has proposed to %
into every log cabin in the Northwest with his system OF
tonnage dues and to levy them on the hard listed and
hard working boys OF that region oil country
And now lei me recur again Tor moment 70 lfeght
from the point oil production TO the ultimate markets.,
tor example. wheat raised IN northern or middle LIMOS
10 be transmitted aud sold in New York who will pay
the proposed tonnage duties Who will have 10 pay the
Chicago, ST. Clair Flats. Bniaio,
and Albany | say, unhesllalngly the producer VIII
have pay il rather il will, with other charges, be
taken out OF the value or price oil his wheat tue ni
market, whether that be found at New York, Bos-
ton, elsewhere. The IS, that the northwestern
producer will, when he arrives at the ultimate market
have compete with the growers OF wheat elsewhere
who would be liable to any such charges. lay II
down universal law OF trade, that where an article
comes from two different TO and the same
market, in without burden, and 10 the Other
wlth in the latter case the producer loses The charge
duty burden whatever II may be. III comes out OIL The
price. This is inevitable; otherwise the producer, not
subject TO charges, would underbd and engToss the
market
But there is another law OF trade which equally cogen
and universal; and here would suggest that IT might
be well for The honorable senator Mr.. DoUGLAsl 10
study the laws OF trade, and less those oil presi-
DENTAL nominations.
The PRESIDENT. The senator from Connecticut
will oonhne himself 10 the subject under discussion Inc
Chair sorry to interrupt any senator IN The course OF
such remarks he may be pleased TO oer but person
aities cannot be allowed.
Mr.. SMITH | am very much obliged to the Chair Tor
the inerposon. Notwithstanding have OF late been
made the subject OF unpleasant personalities, 10 which
the senator from Illinois party, intend 10 observe
the order and decotum OF the Senate,
have say, then, MIR. President that it is an mex
orable law OF trade that the price of any article depends
on the relation which the supply bears the demand II
the supply is very arge-mucb beyond the demsnd-ihen
the price will be pfoportionately low. IL the supply II
less than the demand much less then the price will be
high, very high Hence matter what charges laid
northwestern wheat, they will not augment the price
The law here adveed TO will rule Besides the wheat
OF that section, already observed, will, when II
arrives at the ultimate market, come IN competition
with the wheat OF New York, New Jersey, Pennsylva.
MIA, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia. and mus, be sold
at the price Hence, the profits 10 accrue 10 the
producer must be diminished by the charges
imposed, whatever they may be- Already the agncul.
tura products from that section subject 10 enormous
burdens The farmer there has in effect, TO pay the
usual charges for freight storage, commissions insu-
rance, wharfage and drayage-a dark catalogue, suii
cient itself bring down the compensation OF any log
cabin friends to very small piiance. But the senator
not satisfied with these bsroens be proposes TO add
system of tonnage duties to be dernanded not at one
point only, but many points but he should recollect
that the camel may be so loaded as TO crush hm by
the addition OF a feather One would suppose from the
oF st.a yatln