The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-11-05
THE Amersc,u q ,ngress and Newspaper

The Amsricsn O. 'ngress and newsPaper
Month by month now~al>, ost day By day Y ;.
interest Of Englishnen in Amsris poi f ,,s
ply on the increase. II may DO supp alom .nS
taat EDgishmen are beginning to the
OF American politics with those of Europe, -
% hoped that We are growing manusrly enough 20
Waros the Americans az last, TO take some pails 20
understand their constitution well Us their
usages. Nearly all the benefit of Sydney Smith g
rebuke OF tho Pennsy about their bonds was
lost from his having made two mistakes offensive TO
The Americans, which half an hours study OF their
constitution would have prscuded lie retltioned
Congress ABOUT the debts OF Pcnnsyiy ania, with
who debts Congress had no more TO do than wi In
those Of Austria OF the Queen OF Madagascar; and
! no charged Pennsylvania with repudiation--0f
which offence she was not guilty She did not pay
puDctuaiy as she ought; but she FEVER repuiiated
her debts Tho most honorable ciizens OK the
United States were naturally indignant aud hurt
that the eessos who said suca sharp things should
have taken no trouble 10 learn fhe OF the case
which ought 10 be known 20 every schoolbcy. All
theif el0sle0ys undesstaad the Outlines Of the Bri
tish consultation, and would be guarded against
my mistake 50 gross as that OF copt0uodng the
spcnsDiities OF asoTeresn Ststs WITH those OF the
FEDERAL government. Judging by recent signs of
tho times, the days Of sgch scnrnlui ignorance
passing away. And il is well that they should; for
Our interests are becoming so largely involved in
certain American proceedings, that il behoove5
every Eaglishman new really to understand the
noyenentS Of our relatives tho other side Of the
Atlantic.
ihs point On which we would now fix the atten-
ton Of xii thoughtful men, il the political object
iriaediateiy jn view, when the Americans annex
this, that, and the other territory TO their own
Amidst al the talk OF glory, OF spreading ciyiiiza-
tor Of missions, Of freeing oppressed colonies and
nations, and so on, there is, deep DOM III every
scheme CT the sort, solid object, of which nothing
is usually said. The upper chamber Of the Amero an
pariament-the Senatc-is on anomalous institu-
tion. The House OF Representatives is returned on
nj NH her ave n
ton Of 20 many thousand Cat present somewhat
above 100000. The Senate consists of Two members
from every State, that the smaller States may not
be swamped by the more popnlous-- al anomalous
reason in regard to Congress which processes to
exist, not league Of States, bu; the govern
ment Of the whole nation, within certain fixed
limits. MIR. Madison used to say of the Senate,
sSome things look well in ory, and fail in prac
tice. This may not be ustidable in theory; but it
works we'll
The slave holding States had an enormous adyan-
tage given to them at the outset The electors re-
turn number of representatives as the representa-
tives Of sayes-a fiction, of course Three-ffths Of
the slaves count as whites, without having, Of
course, any rights. Notwithstanding this, the
much greater than that of the slave States, that
the slave holding interest would or might be
swamped at any moment, If the Southern
men did not keep up their equality, in the
Senate. The Senate il their sheet anchor. But
there are unsettled lands to the norshwest-north
of the slave ine-which will, from time to time, be
peopled, and raised into States 1t is to provide
balance for these-to keep at least one State ahead
that the Southern men are grasping a5 new terri
tory which is south enough for their purpose They
reokoned that Texas would cut up into i've States,
giving them ten members, TO set against the sena-
tors who would, in a few years, be cent from Iowa
and Wisconsin, and the neighboring lands, now fast
filing from Europe. Mexico is ready to their hand ;
and Cuba, with her train of attendant isles will be
great pIize-if they can get it, IL is the greatest
possible mistake to suppose that the enemies of sa
very would not object to the fair purchase of
Cuba. They do object to the idea, and they will
object to the act Of paying away the national
money for q new territory which virtuous citizens
do not want and for the sole purpose of strengthen
ing the slave holding interest in the general govern
ment, and, consequently, throughout the American
dominions. We, in England, who have made some
sacrifices for the abolition of slavery may be unable
to do moro than think. feel, and speak, when the
Americans annex lands in the wild West; but when
they threaten the dominions of an European power
we may be able to act, in bar of the extension OF
American slavery. 1t is rs well TO understand the
facts, in case the opportunity should be thrust
upon US
"But," some will say, ssurely it may be left to
the Americans themselves to curb the slave-hoding
interest II the free States have equal represen.
taton in the chamber, and superior one in the
other why not leave it to them to do what is neces-
saryP' Ay, why not! Our answer is worth the
attention Of those who think it uncivil and un-
friendly to tax "the Americans with the social
disease which is supposed to exist in only portion
of the Union. Let the facts which We are about to
tell speak for themselves, as to how far the respon-
sibties of the stakeholder shared by the rest Of
the nation.
The name Of Mr.. Benton is well known as that
anaged Senator who has for long course of years,
who is STAKEHOLDER, and his party have fallen out;
and one charge of tho party ia thai he is not so
jealous on behalf of slavery as he used to be-a
charge which he Indignantly denies In speech
made by him at st. Louis this last summer, he
gives US bis view Of tho attitude Of the North in
regard to slavery. He tells that it is false and
wicked to say that the free States have interfered
with the South, or injured slavery in any way; and
extended by the efforts of the North He tells us
that "the area Of slavery has been doubled in the
United States and by the help Of the free States, dur
ing the last thirty years He bids us remember that
the free States have been majority during all that
time-that without their vote, and heavy vote, no
thing could have done He tells, first, what
territories have been added-such as Louisiana and
Florida and then, what :. free soil has been made
the Indians have been removed from their native
lands. and how negro slaves have been draughted
into their place. and 'slavery thus extended to
large district where it did not exist before" He
tells of four States which have been disencumbsred
of the Indians, and have had their slave 'near
~ doubled within the last few years. all by the in
dpensable help Of fee soil votes, and at grea.
expense Of NOR ey An expense which he calculates
mt 100 100000 dollars-insudiDg the cost of the
Seminole war "Now," continues the old senator,
s'not inch of this foreign slave territory aid
have been acquired, not iDdivi OF those In
dans could have been removed not acre Of their
Indian land could have been converted into slave
land, not one dollar of all this hundred millions
could have been voted, except by the help of the
non-slaveholding votes" sgg:
1t is not often that politicians furnish US with so
plain statement of what our feelings of kindness
and courtesy would make US hesitate to tell them
with equal plainness IL is welcome state
ment TO u.s. for we knew before its shameful truths
we felt the necessity that the world should know
them; and we are only too happy to be able to tell
the story in American words. Henceforth if charged
with severity in imputing to the representatives Of
the American nation the disgracss Of slavery, we
have only to refer the objeetor to Mr. Bsnton'i
speech to the citizens OF St. Louis, in this year
lS52.
Il dses not follow that all Americans ore to be iu-
eluded under the consure. There lie q noble band Of
citizens, scsntiy represented in Congress, but very
active in the State, who far above praise, in
regard To their efforts and sacrifices Bat IL il clear