Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1852-12-16

/ not surprising that the most intense anxiety
is manifested by the people Of the Terrific
Try, as well as by thousands who intend to
remove there, in the fate Of these measures.
the success of which is vitally important to
the interests of Minnesota. Already are
hundreds pressing across the line TO make
their homes in these find lands, ia aniicipa-
! ton of the immediate ratification of the
treaties and these hundreds will be SWELL
ed to thousands so soon as ,he navigation
Of the river is fairly open. The treaties are
universally regarded as wise and iudcious
in their provisions, both as they affect the
interests of the Indians and of the govern
ment. The Dakota or Sioux Bands cannot
remain where they now are without immin-
ent danger of collision with the white pop
uiatloni and maguaninous aud st poll
cy, therefore, would dictate their couoen-
tration as stipulated in the treaties, with a
view to their instruction in the arts of ciV-
/ ilized life, in spot remote from the white
settlements, and where they are not liable
to be disturbed for many years TO come.
The PembIna treaty referred to, as nego-
tiated by Gov. Ramsey in September last, is
also important 20 the interests Of the Ter
ritory as it completes the line Of purchase
between the Mississippi and the boundary
of the British possessions. The trade be-
tween Lord Sekirk's colony on the Red
River of North, which has population of
about eight thousand souls, aud on our own
settlements, is rapidly increasing. The In
dams interested in the treaty are very poor
and needy and the amount stipulated to be
paid them, although insignificant so far as
the government Is concerned, will yet 20
far to minister to the comfort of these mis-
cradle beings. Pembina is the name of Il
settlement on our side Of the line within
the purchase, and contains upwards of a
/ thousand souls, principally persons of mix
ed Indian and white blood These people
are active and enierprsIng, hardy aud in
trepid, excellent horsemen, and well skilled
10 the use of firearms. They subsist by
agriculture, and by the chase of the buffalo
They are recognised by law as citizens of
our Territory, and should the treaty be rat
flied, SO as To enabled them to acquire IN
divdual titles to the land upon which they
now live, their numbers will soon be aug
mented by acccssIons from the British side
of the line, of those who are anxious to
emancpate themselves from the iron rule of
the huge monopoly called the Hudson's Bay
Company. These settlers would form an
invaluable defence TO that exposed frontier
IN case of difficulties hereafter, either with
the British government, TO which they are
much dsaflected, } or with the Indian tribes
The number of acres in the cession as stip-
ulated in the PenbIna treaty, is about A.
700 600.
The sol of Minnesota is admirably
adapted 80 the cultivation Of all the cereal
r~~,.,@- Wheat. oats, aud barley are already
raised in considerable quantitles and corn
of all kinds grows TO great periectjon.-
Wheat and barley afford sure crop, even
at the British colony IN latitude 80 more
tfau ) north OF ST Paul. Garden veget-
ables of every kind are raised in all parts
of the Territory, of size aud quality I'M
surpassed What will be the result in the
culture of iruIt-trees has not yet been fully
tested, but there is no reason to doubt that
the experiment will be successful with all
those species which are found in the same
parallel elsewhere. Wild strawberries,
raspberries, pums, aud other fruits are IN
abundance.
Minnesota is destined to be a great agr-
cultural rgIou, aud lis pTaIrles are especI-
ally well calculated for the raising OF stock.
There is also such an extent Of waterpower
throughout its broad surface that there is
every reason to believe that manufactures
will flourish also. The reports of those
scientific men who have explored the cOun-
try Justify US in the suppostion that our
Territory Is rich in iron aud copper ores,
and more particularly IN galena or lead
There is good ground for the belief that
coal also will be found, but that problem is
not as yet satisfactorily solved. Should 1t
be discovered IN any considerable quantI-
ties, The fact will be OF more real advantage
to Minnesota than mines Of silver or Of
gold.
On the upper portions Of the Mississippi
and ST. Croix rivers lies the great region of
pine, which will continue to prove a source
OF wealth to the Territory and future State
for century to come, The manufacture
of pine lumber already constitutes a very
large part of the industrial labor of the peo-
pie. The quantity produced during the
past year must have exceeded % 600, 900
OF feet. the greater part OF which was re-
qured for home purposes. This branch Of
commerce is ia the hands of hardy, enter
prlslng, and respectable men, who, after
enduring every SPECIES of privaIIon incident
to their vocation, are too often lated to en-
counter heavy losses from the uncontrola-
Bile floods, which set at defiance equally the
strength and skill of man.
/ The climate of Minnesota is not subject
/ to sudden variations especially IN winter
Although in some years the SHOWS falls to
a considerable depth, yet, a. general rule,
we have far less than Is the case IA New
/ England, or in the northern part Of the State
of New York. The comparative absence
of moisture ia the atmosphere IS doubtless
attributable to the fact that no very large
bodies of water are to be found, although,
as have before stated, small lakes abound
During the coolest weather IN winter the
air is perfectly still consequently, the tenn
pera,ure is much more tolerable, and even
pleasant, than could be supposed by those
who reside ia the same parallel OF latitude
on the stormy Atlantic coast.
The navigation OF the Mississippi, IS not
to be relied on after the first week IN Now
and steamboats, arrive IA the spring about
the l0lh or 18th OF April, 50 that the river
may be considered as closed Tor nearly 1--WE
months ia the year. have known steam
ers, however, to reach ST. Paul as late as
the 10Th of November, aud gel back safely