The southern press., 1852-04-03

The world persists in repudiating. by sue
cession of stupendous events, the theory of
modern universal liberty, equality and fraternity.
This theory assumes that all men, however un-
equal morally, are, or ought to be, equal politi-
cally and socially. Aud in order TO support
such proposition. il is found necessary to deny
the actual moral inequality of men, or to dis
parage them. Hence, the difference between
the vile and virtuous is said TO be the result
merely of accidental or artificial causes--of OPP
preston, of ignorance, or Of misfortune--all Of
which could easily be obviated by common
school education and Democratic institutions,
with liberal infusion of Fouriersm, of land
for the landless. high prices for labor, and a
humane allotment of comforts, Injuries, offices
and honors to vagabonds, loafers and mendi-
sants. ,A
We have been led by the recent overthrow
of RosAs in Buenos Ayres, to retrospect Of
affairs in that region Of South America Bue-
nos Ayres, and several other neighboring States,
constitute the Argentine confederation. They
are situated South of Brazil, and abolished slav.
cry after achieving their independence of Spain.
Brazil has remained alaveholding since, as be-
fore her secession from Portugal. Tho Areen-
tine confederation and Brazil, therefore, occupy
aposition towards each other somewhat similar,
both socially and geographically, to that of the
Northern and Southern States of this Union.
But material difference is. that in one case
the two institutions are politically connected,
and not in the other. The Argentine confeder-
alton was consecrated to freedom, according to
the cant Of the day, and more happy than our
afflicted Northern brethren, was entirely exempt
from the desPotic and debasing influences of the
slave-power. Here was thesvery finest oppor.
tunity for the establishment of model republic
For, according to the acknowledged doctrine o,
the equality and philantrophy-men, it was per
fectiy immaterial what was the race, capacity, Of
moral attainment Of the people there, so they
had free government, and were exempt from
the curse of slavery. Well what has been the
result! Why fortwenty years this whole con-
federation has been ruled with despotism by
RosAs, military dictator. How has il been
with BRAZIL She too is monarchical in form,
tits true, but hers is constitutional government
in which the Emperor's power as we'll as his
responsibility is nominal. The empire is d.
vidsd into provinces, and these are represented
in Senate like our States. and the Chamber Of
Deputies is constituted like our House of Rep
rssentatives. Brazil has been tranquil and pros.
porous to degree far beyond any other gov.
eminent in South America, and is the most DOW.
erful of them all.
Is il not curious enough to stagger the no.
tons Of modern, political, and moral dreamers
that of all this vast Western World, to which
the hopes Of mankind have been so much direct
ed,the mostfsrtiIe and extensive regions, and the
Mississippi. the Amazon, and the Ia plafa. have
fallen principally into the hands OF slaveholdinp
States; and that in these, above all others, the
most liberal, and at the same time, the mos
stable forms Of government have been estab
hshedf