The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-11-02

are watsred and draine by host of streams which
gradually uniting at last, flow into the Parana and
the Uruguay, and they at their confluence above
the island Of Martin Garcia, form the great estuary
known as the Plata. Hitherto these upper streams,
all more or less navgable, and rivalng the Missis-
sippi and Missouri in extent, have been closed to
foreign shipping, and native shipping them there
is little or none The ordinary traffic of the coun-
tries they water is still carried on by caravans in
troops; and great is the cost of this mode Of
vel that Sir Woodbine Parish calculates the ex-
pense of fourteen wagons going from Buenos Ayres
to Salta and back at not less than Gl ,000 and the
time occupied in the journey at from ten to twelve
months.
It was the policy of Rosas-with view to the
aggrandisement of himself and Buenos Ayres-to
keep these upper rivers closed. Urquiza, however,
with wiser Instincts has reversed that policy. and
thrown them open to oil the world; and gradually
we may anticipate having steam navigation pene-
tra.ipg TO Paraguay-perhaps even ascending, by
the vormejo or the Picomayo, into Bolivia; for it
is by steam naviga alton only that full advantage
be taken Of this decree and OF the treaty which
Urquiza has formed with Paraguay. No doubt,
there are, at times, serious difficulties and 0bstruc-
tions in the navigation of the Parana up to Corren
tes where it receives the river Paraguay, but none
and overcome. The British steamer Alecto, of 200
horse power and 800 tons burthen, under favorable
circumstances, made the voyage from Monteyideo
to Corrientes and back, full 1000 miles, in thirty
there is an uninterrupted inland navigation through
nearly nineteen degrees Of latitude over mud bot
tom, without o rock or stone to impede the pas
sage
siderable, though carried by the costly nterven
tisn of Buenos AyreB and Hontevideo. With the
exception of Chile, the Plato is even now the most
valuable market opened to us by the emancipation
of the Spanish colonies; and when it is recolected
that, during the last twenty four years, the Plate
has been subjected to no less than three blockades-
each lasting nearly three years, and more than eight
in sl-it il matter rather Of surprise than any
other feeling that our exports thther should reach
million annually. Under the influence of free navi-
cation and moderate import duties, it can hardly be
doubted that they will 90 on gradually increasing
At present. however, 1t must be recollected by our
merchants that the population Of these countries Is
not great, and the probability is that since their
emancipation from the Spanish crown, it has seri-
ousy declined in the upper States OF the Argentine
Confederation. But the tendency of Urquizas po-
countries of Europe. There has long been dispo-
sition the part of the Basque provinces of Spain
to send thther their surplus population; and to the
oppressed people of Italy the plains of the Argentine
homes. With peace and tranquility, too, popula-
ton will ITSELF even without such ad-
ditions.
New and great prospects are, it is clear, opening
on these countries-prospects to which England es-
pecally has deep interest in giving every encour-
sgement; not, however, by meddng in, and max
ing, and marring their domestic concerns but by
following the wiser example set by BraAk-giving
substantial evidence of her desire = see them
fourshing and prosperous, whilst letting them
achieve greatness and prosperity by their own Of
forts.
The American japan observation-disclosures
ton of Wonderful Results.
From the London SUN, October 10
Philosophers, who, Of all people in the wide world,
are most enamoured OF the mysterious, whatever
they themselves may say to the contrary, can
now happily look forward with some degree of con-
fdence to the delight of . grand Japanese revela.
ton Eleusis was nothing to it. The most inexo-
raby enforced taboo INDUCED in by the elders
among the savages Of the NJ lrquesas, never tended
so remarkably to pique the curiosity Of the more
inquistive. Here is country Of extraordinary di.
mansions, which has been, in Political sense, SO to
speak, Dramatically sealed from the rest OF the ma
tions of the earth during less protracted in
terval of time than the last two centuries It is at
length about to be forced into some communication
with the external multitude thanks to the generous
enterprise Of the United States government. For
it must be observed that the expedition which has
been long talked of, as about to proceed to ia
pan from the ports Of the American republic, has
been only for while delayed, not altogether aban-
doned. The interruption is simply attributable to
that unlucky squabblo about the British fisheries,
which appears TO be undergoing the process Of an
amicable settlement, owing to the better Judgment
of Mr. Webster and the energetic resolution of Lord
Malmesbury Almost immediately may be antici-
pated therefore Intelligence that the vessels
gagged in the undertaking already specified have
set out for their very singular place Of destination
1t is impossible not to wait with peculiar eager
the result Of this novel and humane enterprise
For ourselves we look forward to that result with
some such interest as we might suppose would DO
awakened among the generality were , balloon to
soar otto one Of the planets under the direction Of
son be regarded as in any way 30 very extravagaut,
seeing that Japan Is to the rest of the world almost
as untrodden region IS the surfsce of tho moon,
or Of Jupiter. Seriously speaking, We may assert
that we know rather more about the inhabitants of
the Flying Island than about the hitherto almost
inscrutable and nearly fabulous Japanese Golow-
hin. 1t is true, has given account of the latter,
but an account by no means 90 categorical or expl-
cit that furnished in reference to the former by
Lemuel CULVER. The wonder is how this ignorance
could have SO long survived the application Of the
steam engine to the purpose of navigation. Ira
vellers have penetrated in all directions, it would
seem, with this solitary exception China has been
traversed from end to end By esuis missionaries
Basil Hall has told US all we wSnt to know about
Loo Choo. Hermann Melville has described the
manners and customs in vogue among the naked
exQuisites of Nukuhiva Francis Head has taken us,
a it the crupper, in a gallop across the
Pappas. James Ross has conducted US (shiver-
iDg) down to the antarctic shores OF Victoria land
William Penny has induced US TO accompany him
with our teeth chsttering) TO that remote arctic
strait which lies TO the nor'west of the Queens
Channel. We have ransacked the exhumsd ruins
of Nineveh with Austin Layard. We have even
reached, with Blyard Taylor, the golden gravel
stresng the paths Of 81 Dorado learned gentle
man, named Squer who, by the way, ought to
bring an action against Mr. Dickens, for casting
odium upon his patronymi,, has given us the to-
Biography Of those fores.-cties of the West, which
were fourshlng in marble magnideence long before
the first mason had carved sto1e for the Wanted
halls of the Montezumas Another gentleman, not
less learned, nsmed Sleman, has described with
astonishing minuteLess the architectural monu-
ments OF Hmdostsn. We are familiar with the
lllipu,ian republic of Marine. We are intimately
acquainted with the miniature oligarchy Of Monte
gro. Nay, it was only the other day that young
lieutenant Of the Royal Navy of Old England, put.
ting spurs to his horse, cambered up the aecvities
OF the Libanus, and ventared t, domesticate him
self among the dreaded chiefs of the Ansayrii The
Right Hon Benjamin Disrasli had proceeded there
already in romance but the Hon. Frederick Wal
thanks to the indefaigable press Of Mr. Bentley we
have been enabled in that, as in so many other
quarters before then, to fathom secrets which had
hitherto seemed to be altogether unfathomabe.