Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1852-12-03


man 10 firm he warrior Athens following the pall. point
- nnt by nature cmltivatcd, Incidentally though no, les
surely Ec m!y passion so essential in that ruGc
her independence dcvyiopamen; o which vas the so,
object OF Spartan Institutions and the time AZ
dtned degree ~ intellectual culture which has rendered hr
t:. admiration ni future gcn.allrns Sparta
only Tor r." mii'ar, apu,iegms while Athens ii!Gsed
bFi4 hih Srany l!i over HE melancholy girm u' lho
light which will shine uniinrcd through ali tin.
lt rfFor IN pedb by A;l under the feel oI who's hrsa
i''n tc &rss nHEr! grew a2,, cuds riang Of nah
:ia 9" Iy {" dcsci trlr c,:rs and fields and v Tor refuge
:" tc coast. THEY Eut tie barren shpres,, .ura Gc
aI, amt ua!e 'Cr plastic hands, .c r aucr cy .; Ven
zee rose ihc af eAhaiat!rn OF ': These Cities depended
irhtIE o commerce. aud soon :cGucd wealth E! rpwcr
l 'hc .iii! century, the Germans victorious
e:tc Ane-nt Clvi!2sl.ura brave hut untl:neL people
rs-.ss'D@ crucnts which time has lshVnc: r;o tie hial
r-t clvlZ lon In the fourteenth ccnay they formed the
trHs,at Le'gna, wtich powerful rnoGg 10
lr cns'nrislng merchant the gans honest Industry;
from Ills period dates ihuir advance civz.;i,a.
~" events happened IN this century which produced
catr" c"o.aIa ii the cr.tmcgcal wvrl the OF Ii.
mariners compass and the discovery route lnI1
by tHc ~: ~! C;upi Hope.
Hose Uo;irus GGtnCti.aauSy aiiaci Inc Wg+i.Era-
'Ca'ir rctust known i1iia liaG lt;..r. -nsIuss.
": H." i, the world; cuGrsr u t.s2c
nit@ changed when TIC nIy!g:'!n longer cnLh"d 10
'i.c-s an! iE!a vas l.t hv urcr;jng sJe,
,i ail;e$4 ocean ruk."wn ciies wi.n yD>a ocSlE.
u; t'c1sGrr i5.a rom 'iIr ul a tce ie began.
Gd w!! n.r rc cTUTlcd h!ce1r waited
nvlic .- fotmiussci mariner irs 5aIny shores. The
Ga'ions pushed f,rtts uu in The Atlantic seized this
c" Commerce. They began To form settlements in distant
cnnEit!c- trade wi cllTes and pr"
rti"mac variety o c"ntnntics The trade Ia the alcil-
eFrantan diverted into this Iniit
which had contributes! powerfully bald up The cites
"to On this poured her products into The lap .! the
Ai:llc cities. Holland attracted vi her chores,
an' how astounding were the effects. This sy country
reclaimed from The and which is ony kept from being
submerged by me un!ng industry Of s Inhabitants
cGH"Gfiri ir;n garden
The -" rai.aihc yelow blosso,ned vaIc--
Tia: y,Itw tui.d bank III" eIl'ic sail,
Tie cr"wlrt! III. ,IrattG piaIn
thrt t.sfu IL i,rn
IN The mind Of na.n:c'a most truthful pnin;cr.
EG"au The las, .! tie commercial countries
throw Oh lie cuha shacslet aud emerge from barbaris;
hut she sterpcd forward II c0Iprc for ihe prize at
crlmrrla T"aih. From he tine o TIC irst Eiwai she
u"rti every facility 20 is increase and da scas every
ccean vessels protect her czens
qung a!!h this rXhausc=s source See 10 "hat n
cHicncr il has elevated her As ac rs the reign
NJ ;sr Stuarts England scarcely regarded in the
are.ens Of the continental nations no0 clio holds in q {
'Gow nI her hand ,lc balance o European power Ihen
she could scarcely grasp Scotland and Ireland: her do
mn"n extends every q!arer of tho haoittb globe and
i.r sun never sets on the banner Of 81, G"orIc
In times Of adversely ard danger she always places her rm
reliance her cunncrc1 power Thus supported, she has
stood umi the overthrow of Empires. In the begin
ig ui e present century the man .! destiny swept over
the rDntI. destroy ing in his unchecked caeer all who
dared ugu>e his p.res Ike the Srccco, he spared those
cny wto 81 The danger of fronting this fiery blast
10 cd their faces the earth iii! s ruy had been spent
u m. oi This widespread ruin, England alone Stood
prUuily erect bTeasllug the Storm Grded By her fleets
she ,ugEird the impoicnt efforts of lis p'esldn.
spirit. Surrounded by fallen Empires she stood firm ami
unstakcn her fast anchored isle that sits tranquil and
nnu,oveG by tie shock Of oceans widest wave.
Let notice Of the most important features in the
history ul commercial States
Man created IN live is0l1cd from hlS species. Ills
faculties only hr natret by constant Intercourse witt,
his fellow men. This intercourse, 10 be source ol I'M.
proytncn he confined 10 those who move in The
same circle Faults cannct thns he rofrectr' lgno-
II Tins hc isp, He'd. But enlarge the cc'c.
I.rt embrace ot different h1bits, Hannc:S and
views and p:tscnliy that which is bst in cach becomes
,.I led rf ~
ledge q rfutua wants ard DEFICIENCIES are supplied and
all fcd by tho intercourse Commerce, by bring
nn men .! all Countries into c0sr anh intimate c"i''
ncX.i Is The :rrai cviIZer of Such IL s sure
FOR has civilization always followed IN TIE
.pfsi. ~ c"4urtc. iiigc those re"!1as which
at aSc% G "asnSS aaS AZ" Ma,e? S"I: c Se'H E.yai yl5
tr 10. .ii:e'rancan coast where ci, liz ,lon br.ln A.
~: plain where barbarism
HiiUi. i4n nance ciqus supreme. To what Is The poverty
AMI ignorance OF this vast country attrGnaee! Suri!
The natural iurrority al tho race; FOR Lac Ac"ns
scattered around the Mediterranean, made the h!st advances
~ wealth ana knowledge. Nor can it be ascEped 10 me
cunr Nature has here ayishcd her gifts with no sarnR
hand. Tia products OF the soil give evidence n NE most
exu,eraut fertility; the ve!y animals paraRe OF me ixuT
ancr ch pcr.dcs all animated nature and Wherever IN
her wide spread plains gushing fountain rctreshes u.
parccd earth fertility marks liz whole course ana onrn
lru here WHITES what IL elsewhere destroys lhe wan
the facilities OF Commerce, is the only cause whlch ma
consigned tie African forever 10 poSery and ignorance
The political effects of commerce are M less important
80 nation make progress unless property Il sacred
ana! accnvLi2iy find in absolute Governments where III
,vl is aw, that the Efforts c industry are re
ursSr all nucrmcnt accumulation is destroyed ~hei
ic, is no srcty that Tie profits nf honest Labor will hc re-
rancd. Lpak to the Empire of the great Mogu. lulmo
billy, deatil-tc that alrest portion OF the ea'-
E"eryi!Gg frr the last centuries has BEEN stationary
Commerce. if unrestricted increases the wealth OF ma
tor: wca'! increases it calls loudly Tor projection ~
desire for freedom s greater; hence we always nd thc slfl
iI5c;,y growing apace with the Increase o commerce
!y -lrh;r!" illustrates this In the thirteenth rnd tour
r.rn . n,i.- clan.cr enriched her cities and
~, MI; !l.t, in. The citizens the spirit DOM THEY
Il, iLrirt
it.. This is tho U Italian glory While i1 TEST oi IA
e:r gropinG tile ng't o! aaroarisn theSc ci'ie
rr up like mccors scattering the darkness from arount
,fru !iaminlrin Iay and dinsGg Gir twilight eSsi
"a tie hoi, oi The Ealtic. But barely century o ilbcr
~ had lp.ci VIXEN Darc Appealed aud caifd id gehiu
p!lre a. :;y H. letters In and III The cnn
cs u Tie Republic. AyiOilo charmed BY the number an'
afcy vi HI verse petrach touched the Tyr" with mint
rc sIira; ani uvcn now are heard noang On the even
r breeze and ;rgmg with ~" strong voice OF ocean '
toy Strains of the immortal Tassn.
English liberty the Gui, uI commerce The NORMAN
kn!s ri the lives and tpcty 81 'leif SUD
,,c!.: Io" complete csp1tism nowhere existed " hei
ii, ,rhl!,was Of The teoln 10 accumuhie ~ea'!
,He Eaga. vino wanted he. mercy. summoned them i
raise il by taxing themselves according % TN
rudlI rnsti.uuu The COMMONS pei;i;pnca Tor redress
.frvaucss in exchange which was "wnys Erns:u; oo
r ;Fe prt.oe,,lnn % Parliament lie King often viai!cs
liz royal wJfi lax tr -: !g1 - @uia tyranny! ahi v
.IAt,rEn century the lom 81 petition was chih'H
Ih q! H. his Signature 10 which was tic Idisr"nsaol
,rc--, quisitc J supr'i:s From ths time e gro
.c,s i.trInrn has bcn un"nsi.nc..d ihus I""'hI'c
liberty -,
l. i often saI Tia: commerce il only beneficial 10 peo
M IL III. aicnt stac"s ci their 6cvelofheh mat caro-
EnsHc IL ui. .cr destroys It's own otispring We ar
told u IL: ci,y The Dss-t! Hlt5"c, wnrs- tcfv rum
attract thc aiIcu!nn Of tie irquisiive srsncr-Gi a' IN
srrut cunu rc., Stats HAT haze felt Times ui"uts hand
Bus is ths decay the work O commerce! by ~ means
White cotfn rec rc,ened these cities Continued 10 Improve
',l v,fr great prca! cv"iutons transferred 10 aexan
iIa lc crrirfcr nl Baby lon and Palmyra, o Tyre ant
S'Gur-c ro<.c!i,v ui these last, all centred on e III
r,.;ant rv. When Afterwards the bold spirit ol the hardy
G. ~, pr"vaied over te etirmate Greek. and the Enpr
m ;t,c E.r sank hanea IN genius Of Mahoaei and lh'
n.oxrss ol Cfar.euagne Ae.ndri! in turn surrende'c
er commerce. ana il her very existence, to the enter
psc of Venice AMI Gcrcu. The rise Of tese cities ant
rcir :aI consequent the discovery OF new chsnne
ru;rcia! intercourse between tha East and the West
from which they were excluded completes tic proof that
vas Inc oss OF commerce. the abuse Of is advantages
vhici converted these OF The earth into scenes over
which the s9iritDf Desc! .ton 5roods.
H. Steam is producing an cat!rc change in :he com
mCTcal worli The rail propelled by It is raplti
.i,@-dng The canal and the sail and is binding ogethe
with links Ci iron, countries the most remote, and com
riuaitics the dssiEa- verifying the political adagt
THAT 4llnatarc's difference makes ali natures peace
Tie first railroad in England for trade and traVt
was up:cd in 1850 It's projectors e'e cov,sA win 'li
ci. and The n..ty il great tina i va, "!
The utmost ii"iy that the necessary land "nid be 90
ainGh !or il construction. But in twenty years what com
nle, revelation has been tfeclcd 1t is estimated ina
there in Engsna oi 5000 miles of railway con
s,uc,ed II an average cost of t35 600 per mile ard whc
yields $4,000 UU0 passengers, and tbUUu UJO oI