The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-12-07

origin An that know concerning then H. that thsy
setos Il seems 70 have been IL Asis tnss ~ wss Srs
known and called 6ercs from the Of the
try In which 1t was supposed to have been discovered
The Chinese claim to have Manufactured this delicate
luxury, early 700 years before the Christian era
at which time their attention nrst attra ed to the
was soon after found that they thrvtd much better in
rooms than In the open air and produced Of
o.
beca ne source great wealth. and spread Chine
to India Persia and Arabia where down to the present
The don Of Alexander the Great int Persia ssd
India first brought silk to the knowledge Of Europeans
three sna M ~. after tho
Roman empire had been transferred to Constsnncpis,
monks arrived at the court Of the Emperor
from mission into China bringing with them the seeds Oh
the mulberry and communicated the discovery Of the
mode Of rearing silk worms. Although the exportaaon
OF tho eggs Of insects from China was prohibited on pain
OF death yet by the liberal promises and OIL
JustiDian they we're induced to undertake to Import
from that country returning from their expedition
eggs Of the precious insect which they had obtained in
the far country concealed in the hollow Of their
From Constantinople spread into Arabia thence into
Spain and Portugal Greece Sicily Italy and other parts
Of Europe.
The introduction of silk culture into the North Amsr-
Colonies dates back to the frat settlement of Viz
gina James First, who was anxious to promote this
branch Of industry several times urged the London
addressed letter TO them the subject In 1872
veyipg strict ipunctiops that they should use every
erton for this purpose and stimulate the coloniss to APP
ply Themselves diligently and promptly to the breeding
Of silk and the establishment Of silk works, be-
slowing their abors rather in producing this rich com
modify than to the growth of tobacco article to
which his majesty had recorded and published his vo
lent aversion. The company thus incitsd,, showed
much zeal in their endsa,ors to accomplish tia
kings wiehes A considerable number Of mulberry
trees planted but little silk Was produced owing to
he difficulties involved in their dissolution after
In the year 1851 the rearing Of silk again became
. subject of interest in Virginia, and premiums
offered for its encouragement but II does not appear
that the buness was ever prosecuted to any extent
The silk culture introduced into Louisiana In
Ills, by the Company of the West"
In the infant settlement OF Georgia. In 1882 piece OF
ground belonging to government was allotted rs 9
nursery plantation for white mulberry trees and the at
tenon Of someor the settlers engaged In rearing
etlkwoms In 1885, quantity Of raw silk was raised In
that colony which manufactured into piece Of stuff,
and presented to the Queen. In l749 act Of Paria
mint wa passed for encouraging the growth Of silk In
Georgia and Carolina exempting the producer from the
payment of duties on importation into London. bounty
alo offered the production Of silk and named
Ortolepg from Italy employed to instruct the colo
nists in the I!san mode Of management few years
after the volution quantities Of the
material began to be raised which said to be equal
in to the beet Piedmont silk and worked with
less waste than the Chinese article
In Carolina the culture was undertaken by small
farmers In 1856 the House OF Asse mby of this province
voted the of f1 600 towards the establishment Of
ature, at Charleston, under the direction Of Mr..
Gilbert
In Connecticut, attention was first directed to the
rearing Of silkworms in 1890 DR.. Aspn WALL Of Mans
field from motives Of patriotism used his best exertons
to introduce this important branch Of rural economy
He succeeded in forming extensive nurseries Of the null
berry at New Haven, Long Island, Pennsylvania and
other places. Half Of mulberry seeds sent
to every perish In the colony with such directions his
knowledg, OF the business enabled him to impsrt In
ing bounty mulberry trees and raw silk 1t here may
be stated to the honor Of Connecticut that she is the
Gkafo sut
without suspension and probably had produced
silks from the time Of her commencement up to
the year 1880. than all the other States
the year 1863 the Iecomme ndation Of DR. Frank
lin throvghthe American Philosophical Society, fla-
ture Of raw silk was established in phadsiphis BY
Of an intelligent and sklful Frenchman, who, it
Is said, produced samples Of retled silk not
Italy nl77l the managers purchased 300 pounds Of
cocoons oil the products Of Pennsyvania New Jersey,
and Delaware The enterprise interrupted by the
Revolution similar enterprise again attempted in
1880 under the supervision Of H. D. Hornerque, and
cocoons were brought in abundance to the
sometime ards but for the want Of capital the
and establishing failures Of silk renewed in various
parts the Union and the subject deemed to be Of
ton Of Congress but received encouragement
from the Legislatures Of several States by bountes offered
fer all the raw silk produced within their limits for GER
tain periods OF time The business began to be
secuted with extreme ardor and continued several years
resulting In the estabisbnen Of extensive nurseries Of
mulberry trees and ended With the dow mall Of the
Morus Muticauus Specuation,n in kIs
The amount Of raw ELK exported from Georgia in 1850,
was lis pounds in 1865 43S pounds in l76O sos pounds
in 1776. than 10000 pounds in 1870 29O pounds
from South Carolina in 1772 ASS pounds 1855 there
raised Silk Hope Plantation in South Carolina
$50 pounds of cocoons in Mans eld Connecticu. in 1703
265 pounds Of silk; in 1927 2430 pounds; in 1881
10 coo pounds in Connecticut in 1874 l76 2lO pounds
in the United States the same year 396790 pounds
Ascending to the returns of $780, the amount Of
silk raised in the United States was 81 552t
pounds; OF 1853, l4763 pounds.
From the above it is obvious that the productions Of
cocoons has decreased since $780, pound since
1874, 3S2,027 pounds.
Sugar 80 extensively used in every country of the ha
bitsbe globe and forming 1t does of chief
pies, supplies the commercial demand mainly from the
juice OF contains it in greater quantity and pu
rty than other plant aud offers the greatest ctes
for its extraction Although sugar identical In its cha
racter exists in the maple the and tho beet
root, and economically obtained to considerable
tent yet sufficiently pure to admit of ready
separation from the foreign matter combined with it. At
least by the means the producers usually have at hand
The history Of cane sugar is involved great obsourty
1t appears to have been mpcrfecy kno the Greeks
and Romans as Theophradus who lived 800 before
Christ describes as sort OF honey extracted from
canes. reedso And Strabo who states the author
ity Of Nearchus the commander Of the fleet ia thu axpe
dton Of Alexander the Great says that reeds india
yield honey without bees We also informed that
or sugar candy hasoeen made 10 China from very
mote antiquity and that large quantities Of 1t have
been exported from indis in all whence it is
probable that ii found its to Rome. Sugar
cane occurs ia wid state many OF the islands
in the Pacific but in part of the Amelcan
notwithstanding contrary opinion has been expressed.
Its cultivation, and the manufacture of sugar, were
introduce T to Europe from the East by tbs Saracens
after their oonquests in the nioth century 1t IL
stated by the Venetian historians that their csuntrymen
imported sugar from Sicily in the twelfth century
cheaper rate they could obtain II from Egypt where
II tten extensively made The first plan, atoms I'm
Spain at Valencia bat they exte nded to Ora
Dads Hercia Portugal Madeira and the Oanary Islands
early the beginning Of the of'ecnh century From
Gomea OF these islands the introduce
ed the West Indies by Columbus in his second yoy
age to America In 1893 1t cultivated to ex-
tent in ct Domingo, in 1906 where 1t succeeded better
then in any Of the other islands In 1918 there were
twenty eight plantations in thai colony established by the
Spanaros, where abundance of made which
for long period formed the principal part of the Euro
pean supplies Barbados the oldest English settlement
In the West Indies began to export in 1896 and In
the 1916 the trade required four hundred vessels
averaging one hundred and fifty tons burden.
sAc introduction OF sugar into Florida, Texas
U.orns and Lousana probably dates back to their
ie'uot,ment by the spanards or French. 1t was