The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-07

DIR. Baird's Lecture at the Brooklyn Fec
male Academy--subjcct. History OF Ger.
many and Hungary.

DIR. Baifd'S Lecture at the broOfAiyh fee
male neutrality-suspicious.. History Of Ger
many and Hungary.
The lecturer opened his discourse by recapitu-
aton of the latter portion of his preceding lecture,
referring to the political and social condition of
Sweden and Norway. lie considered that the long
constitutional existence Of these countries fitted
Them micro than any others in Europe for ,epubli.
can form Of government. They have their own
armies AID nayies-haVe The advantages of edu,a-
tion-an the inhabitants being able to read and
write, ard arc accustomed to meet in their town.
ships naa consult together to the operation and
tendency Of the laws The Norwegians in olden
times we're Il the habit Of meeting en- masse in the
valley q psais, 10 elect n king, who was then
conssc,s'3 Is pouring oil on lis head in the Oren-
tal iashi1n. This Practice has been discontinued
for several cent use, bat it is very interesting to
visit these coronation stones which are still pre-.
served Not far from this valley also tho tombs
Odin Thor snd his daughter. Denmark has navy
quite ss large ours, and that of Sweden is still
larger. Tie navy Of Norway is mall, and in this
country AID Sweden they have, as yet, no railroads.
The arpy OF Sweden and Norway numbers ferty
thousand men, and that of Denmark fifty thousand
Denmark has now a constitutional monarchy which
will, in process CT tiIre become good one. AS to
Sweden their form OF govern meat IS very anti
.quated, AID yet they understand constitutional
government, and arc very nearly prepared tor uni
versal suffrage, for whih No:wa5 is also quito pre-
pared. Now as Co Germany. You are aware 1t IS
very large country, and contains forty or tlty NIL
loss Of u population, which ire of Teutonic origin.
1t may be conveneptfor France 70 talk Of extending
her boundaries TO The hine but rivers ere not tho
boundaries Of natious On the contrary, it will 90
always found that the people on both sides Of rivers
are Of the same race, and, therefore, tue Germans
with good reason call the Rhine :" our river Gnd
are very proud OF ola Father Rhino As TO Austria,
th,, ,.,ilt Hon mfr IA. .n,t
speak the German language, and yet the govern
ment is emphaticaily Germ an, and tho empire IS
ruled by the House OF Hapsburg Thirty seven mil
Lions Of people reay ad 1y nine
of Hungarians, (none OF whom are Germans, with
the exception Of about hundred thousand, tao de-
scendants OF German colony which went into
Transylvania in tho eleventh century, and who
speak the old Saxon language, and call the colony
Saxon Land), and FIVE millions OF people in Italy
ard LombaTdy, ana about twelve millions more OF
Sclavonc races, are governed oy austria. y IS
strange that such state of things does exist just
Imagine twelve and half millions Of Germans Gu-
GLIDING OIL the population OF Modavia and BoAe-
n1a) undertaking to govern the rest OF That empire
1t cannot last long. Five or six years ago, when |
was here before, said that that empire must soon
come to an end that it was doomed to perdition
The House Of HspsbuTg is the most wicked house IN
the world, and the day OF vengeance must come i
and that empire must be broken to pieces Tho
German party will coalesce with tho Germans, and
The other parties will look out for themselves; Hun
gary will gain her own independence; Gailicia go
back to Poland; and Lombardy and the Austrian
possessions in Italy 60 back 70 Italy Austria may
hold them together for while longer, By keeping
up an immense army, but its existence cannot last
to the end Of the present century did not think,
Eve or six years ago, that such tremendous d'stuts
ances would come so soon, bat am quite sure that
before ten years pass away the disturbance will
como again, and it will this time be an efectual
different States, taking in Austria and Prus-
STA, and the small kingdom Of Bavaria, with
its four millions Of Inhabitants, and the
millions, and tho little kingdom of Saxony, with
its one ard a half millions, and the kingdom OF
Hanover. Germany has thus six Kingdoms but
Prussia and Austria are the most important, and
really domineer over all Germany. lake away
these six monarchies and you have four free Cities
which are little republics in themselves--these are
Lubbock, Frankfort, Bremen and Hamburg, which
are the remains Of the old Hanse cities, and are
mixtures Of aIistocracy and democracy--they are
very we'll governed but the machinery is antiquat-
cd. Take away these four free cities and add them
TO the six kingdoms, and then you have ten distinct
soyeyeiQn mites Besides these there are twenty
seven dutclies in Gernary--therc had been twenty.
eight, bat of them has been absorbed into Prus
sin. Now, when you think thas Getmanyis no. orc
ist5 part rs largo rs this United Ssates, and that
it has great many governments IN proportion 10 its
extent, what would you say when 1t hail. about hlty
Tears ago, not thirtyseven, but three hundred and
iftyfour governments. These lttle governments
are gone--prussia has swallowed up great many
pf them, and so have Austria, Bavaria and Wur.
temherg If the Germans do not unite all these
people under one government. either cons'ltli'
tonal monarchy. OF good repu5lc, IL they 20 not
bring that abou. very soon. I'll have to say is that
the Germans are very contemplate race. II
nation like the Germans, with intelligence courage
and vrtue--and one. halt Of them. too, Prot estants
are willing to be slaves, and submit to have
thirty. seven governments over them, they are
worthy OF it; but theywl not remain so--they will
throw of the yoke, and enter into protective con-
federation. As for wishing to form great empire
ltn-, f.fl 1aff in \ a
20 the old one, and to place an emperor over the
head Of these thirty.seyen different governments,
never heard anything 90 absurd, nor could any
thing so ridiculous eI,.r into the mead o. senslple
men--it is simply not possible--it may suit Ger
man meta physicians and dreameTs to imagine such
agovernment, but it cannot suit practical under.
standings Ne; the people must sweep overheard
the whole Of the governments altogether, and if the
people don't know what to do with them, let them
be sent ever here, and taught to work. | have
sometimes thought that if Joseph Bonaparte had
lived lengeT, he ought to have Kept boarding "a Din
dentown. AS to Hungary, it is a most remarkable
country in its physical appearance, having noun
tains forming its northern and southern boGndaries
Dr. Baird pointed out on large chart the topo-
graphical position Of the Cavpathisn range Of noun.
Gains; the courses OF the Danube, Thesis, 20 The
land Ia exceedingly fertile, and they have minerals
and salt mines In great abundance, lie next ad-
uerted to the early history Of Germany. When the
Romans came in contact with the Germans the
country was covered with forests and poorly cui..
tiyatea-the Inhabitants were warlike people, and
cared more for their horses and cattle than Tor agri
culture. They were very brave. fine looking PEG.
pie The description which Julius Caesar gaze
Of them in his Commentaries, Will hold
good to this day. Tacitus has also described
Thorn with great accuracy. They were then
the same blue eyed and white haired race as they
nre now when julius Caesar went to conquer
,Cfaul, he found that the Germans had Juat begun
TO cross the Rhine. They came over to assist The
Gaus Against the Romans but in fact to dispossess
she Gaus. Julius Caesar undertook 70 dive them
back, ana crossed over TO Germany and fought two
or three battles with them-but he made no long
stay there. After his day, the Romans went on with
ahe work and conquered them. The Germans we're
then commanded by Arnineus or Hermann. The
Romans hold tho country for five hundred years,
and introduced laws and civilization but very few
Roman families ever emgraod to Germany,
Ii is worthy Of remark that the Romans
rent 10 Germany viz Ganl. Tic Scavonians