The daily union., 1852-12-07

Without repeating the arguments contained in my
lomer message in favor OF discriminating protective du-
lies, deem my duty 10 call your attention To or
TWO other considerations affecting this subject The fret
The effect OF large mpoalions OF foreign goods upon our
currency Most OF the gold OF California, fast IL is
comed hnas It's way directly 10 Europe in payment Tor
goods purchased In the second place. our anuacu-
ring establishments are broken downiby competition with
foreigners. the capital invested in them lost thousands
OF honest and industrious citizens thrown out OF EN-
p0ment and the farmer, 10 that extent is deprived OF
home market for the sale of his surplus produce la the
lhni place, the destruction Of our manufactures leaves
The foreigner without competition in market, and he
consequently raises the price OF the article sent here for
sale, as n The increased OF iron imported
ilo" England The prosperity and wealth OF every ma
/ ter s stimulated to exeron by finding ready market
for his surplus products, and benefited by being able
TO exchange them without loss OF time or expense of
transportation for the manufactures which his com.
ton or convenience requires This always done TO The
bes advantage where portion oil the community in
which he lives is engaged in other pursuits But most
manufactures require amount OF capital and praci
aIski which cannot be commanded unless they be
protected for time from rulnous competition IRON
abroad Hence the necessity Of lay ing those duties upon
imported goods which the constitution authorizes for
revenue, 10 such manEer 10 protect and encourage
the labor OF our own citizens Duties, however should
not be liked at rate so high 10 exclude the foreign
article. bat should be graduated enable the do
meslc manufacturer fairly 10 compete with the foreigner
in our own markets. and by this competition 10 reduce
the price o the manufactured article to the to
the lowest rate at which be produced This pol
icy wosld place the mechanic by the side OF the farmer,
create mutual interchange OF their respective commod
tiles, and thus stimulate the industry of the whole
country and render independent OF foreign nations
for the mppes required by the habits or necessities OF
| the people.
| Another question, wholly independent OF protection,
presents lself and that is, whether the duties levied
should Le upon the value OF the article at the place of
shpmel or. where il is practicable, specific duty,
graduated according 10 quantity, as asceraned by weight
or measure. All our duties at present ad valorsm
certain per ceniage levied the price OF the goods al
the poI' OF shipment in foreign country Most COM
mecia nations have found il indispensable, for the pur
pose Of preventing fraud and perjury TO make the duties
specific whenever the article is OF such uniform value in
weight or measure as 10 justify such duty Legislation
should encourage dishonesty crime. 1t il R-
possible hat the officers at the port where the
goods are entered and the duties paid should know with
certainty what they cost in the foreign couHtry Yet the
law requires that they should levy the duty according TO
such cost They therefore compelled TO TO very
unsatisfactory evidence TO ascertain what that cost was.
They take the invoice OF the importer attesed by his
OATH the best evidence OF which the nature OF the
case admits. But every one must see that the invoice
may be fabricated and the oath by which it is supported
false, by OF which the dishonest importer pays
part only of the duties which paid by the honest
and thus indirectly receives from the treasury OF the United
States reward for his fraud and perjury. The reports
of the Secretary of the Treasury heretofore made this
subject show conclusiyey that these frauds have been
pracscd 10 great extent The tendency is to destroy
that high moral character for which merchants have
long been distinguished; TO deraud the government OF
It's revenue; 10 break down The honest importer by a
dishonest competition and, finally, TO transfer the bus
OF importation 10 foreign and irresponsible agents,
TO the great detriment OF our own citizens therefore
again most earnestly recommend the adoption OF specific
duties. wherever il IS practicable, or home valuation,
TO prevent these frauds.
Iwouid also again call your attention TO the fact tina,
the fscscnt iarH IN some cases imposes higher duty
upon the material imported than upon the article
manufactured from ii, the consequence OF which that
The duty operates to The encouragement OF the foreigner
and the encouragement OF our citizens.
For full and detailed information in regard to the gen.
eral condition OF Indian affairs respectfully refer
you TO the report of the Secretary OF the Interior and the
accompanying documents.
The Senaie not having though, proper 10 Tatfy the
treaties which had been negotiated with the tribes OF In
dams IN California and Oregon, relations with them
have been left IN very unsatisfactory condition.
In other parts OF territory particular districts OF
country have been set apart for the exclusive occupation
OF The ndisns and their right 10 the lands within those
limits has been acknowledged and respected but in Cali
ornia and Oregon there has been recognition by the
government OF the exclusive right OF the Indians TO any
par, OF the country They are therefore mere tenants at
suerance, and liable 10 be driven from place place, at
the pleasure OF the whites.
The treaties which have been rejected proposed to
remedy this evil by allotng to the different tribes dis
ricts OF country suitable TO their habits OF life, and su
Rcent Tor their support. This provision than any
other, II is believed, led TO their rejection and no
substitute for has been adopted by Congress, il has
not been deemed advisable TO attempt 10 enter into
treaties Of permanent character, although effort has
been spared by temporary arrangements 10 preserve
friendly relations with lhen
II il be the desire OF Cong 10 remove them from
the country altogether, TO assign TO them particular
districts more remote from the settlements Of the whites,
will be proper TO apar, by law the territory which
they are to occupy, and 10 provide the necessary
for removing them to II, Justice alike 10 own city
zens and 10 the Indians requires the prompt action OF
Congress on this subject.
The amendments proposed by the Senate 10 the treaties
which we're negotiated with the Sioux Indians OF Mime
soa have been submitted 10 the tribes who parties
to them, and have received their large tract of
valuable territory has thus been opened for settlement
a,d cultivation, and all danger OF collision with these
powerful and warllke bands has been happily reaoyed
The removal OF the remnant Of the tribe OF Seminole
Indians from Florida has long been cherished object Of
The government and 1t is 10 which my attention has
been steadily directed Admonshed by past experience
of the difficulty and cost OF the ATTEMPT TO
them by military force, resort has been had TO
cilatory measures. BY the invitation OF the Comms-
soner of Indian Affairs several OF the principal chiefs
Gently visited Washington, and whilst here acknowledged
in writing the obligation OF their tribe 10 remove with
the least possible delay. Late advces from the special
agent OF the government represent that they adhere TO
their PROMISE and that council Of their people has been
called TO make their preliminary arrangements gene
raj emigration may therefore be confidently expected at
an early day
The report from the General Land Office shows in
creased activity in its operations The survey OF the
northern boundary OF Iowa has been completed with
examped despatch. Within the last year o,522 953
OF public land have been surveyed and S032 d63
brought into market.
In the last fiscal year there sold 1853 OIL acres
Located with bounty land warrants 320l,3l4 I"
Located with other certificates il5,dS2
Making total OF 4,s7O067
In addition, there were
Reported under swamp land grants 52l91sS
For internal Improvements, rail-
roads, &c 3,O25, 900
n