davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03

gerous agitation, which threatened the stability
of the Union and this view, which presented
to the Senate on the 2lst Of December last. in
some remarks upon the subject has been for
tilted by subsequent events: and hereafter
whether in a public or III private station
shall advocate their integrity and their obser.
vance And should the favor Of my fellow-cit-
liens call me to the Presidency, should use all
the constitutional and legal means within nv
power TO cause those laws, as well as all others
to be enforced fully, fairly and without excep-
ton and, 80 far as it might be proper should
discountenance all attempts to disturb or
change the provisions Of the law for the recap
ture of fugitive slaves, whereby those proyi
sions might be rendered less efficient in car
rying into effect the constitutional obligations
upon that subject.
believe that the repeal or an essential mod
ificaton of this law, mpairing its efficacy, would
do more to ALLEVIATE the South and the North
than any event--than all the events. indeed
which have led to those sectional differences
that have marked the progress of our history
and which have happily yielded to a spirit of
concession and cancellation. Such measure
would destroy all confidence, both in the good
faith Of the North, and in the value everywhere
of the constitutional guarantees and, in my
opinion, would lead inevitably to dissolution
of the Union. So believing believe it is the
duty of every true American to hold on to this
Compromise, in all its parts, as he would hold
on to those blessed institutions which have made
us the freest the happiest, and the most pros
porous nation that the sun of heaven ever
shone upon.
1t is my opinion that laws of this nature pre-
sent peculiarly grave considerations, and that
their efficacy cannot be impaired without the
neglect of undeniable constitutional duties Es-
sential to the fulfilment of fundamental guar
antees, they in effect constitute portion OF
them, and so far partake of constitutional
character as to be guarded against repeal, or
any modification by which the faithful execu-
ton of these important stipulations might be
impeded or prevented.
And, in conformity with these sentiments,
have voted to lay upon the table, or in other
words not to consider, the petitions presented
at the present session asking for changes in the
Fugitive Slave Law | was determined, for
one not to touch the law, and to prevent il
possible, the renewal Of the agitation.
Applying the principles here advanced to the
law in question, and especially having reference
to the condition of the country and to the cri.
sis through which it has passed, have no hes
\itation in saying that whoever is President il
would be his duty to withhold his approval
From any bill so modifying or changing that
law as to impair its present valuable enact
ments which give to it the necessary efficiency
LEWIS CAss
Robert G. Scott, Esq Richmond. Va.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03
AYERS CHERRY PICTORIAL.

To say saqoirsns What thsy shall do ~ . ssash AaA
ssd ~ossd s,y r,sd the ssrAsass which has
bean signed hssdrsd Of ths rrst heusss ef dsgss
la this e,aatry 10 Icy tsors this pabs hss sstinsss Of
god ~sdsisa. They Ell Of TIE asss siSs I'D sl
shs highest shvast whose sspssscss saA tVpssas led
then % tsev; sd this u tAss spssips.
1--WE The asdsrsgNpd Wholesale Os~ggiats having been
scs lers Ssasisssd ~tA Ayvs CAs ~ pscsvaI hardy
earthly eas bssf thss IL che tsst sd sasesssi
sdy fs Psin aAsy CsupNuts s9svsd ~ Americas
Pssps. AsA vs ssssA kom ear knswedgs II ss ssApe-
silica go sSssessve ssesassss ase&tslty ssnnsNf 10
ths assisted vevthy tAss hest -. sNd With the
evs sosse ,0A ~ v Wi ~ l@ tAslF ssltf ~ sAAs asd
sss IN a."
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03

Robert G. Scott, Esq.
Letter from James Buchanan, Esq.
WHEATLAND, near Lancaster, Pa.,)
May "a, 1882.

n n
These three several questions answer, with
out the slightest hesitation, in the affirmative.
In thus answering Ito repeat the language of
nv Richmond letter. of February last) g
purposely refrain from discussing the original
merits of the Compromise, because consider
it, to employ the expressive language of the
day, as fnality'-a fixed fact--a most i'm
portant enactment of law-the agitation or
disturbance Of which could do no possible good
but might produce much positive evil,
in my opinion, the contingency to which
you refer is remote and highly improbable,
that Congress will ever pass bill modifying
or changing the Fugitive Slave Law, so as to
impair its present valuable enactments.' This
law contaminated the bond of peace between
the slaveholding and the non-slayeholding
States at the late very critical period of our
history. Had it not passed, the remaining
measures of adjustment however wise in them1
selves, would not have deserved the name of al
compromise between these two classes OF
States 1t is the single measure Of the whole
series in which the slaveholding States with
the exception of Texas, have any peculiar in
terest. 1t is the only compensation which they
have received for the great sacrifices which
many, perhaps a majority of their citizens
believe they have suffered Besides, nearly all
the other measures of the Compromise, certainly
the most important of them, are in their very
nature final and cannot be repealed by Con-
gress Under these circumstances, it would
not only be unjust, but in bad faith, to deprive
these States of the benefits secured to them by
the Fugitive Slave Law especially when law
of this character is not only authorized, but
absolutely required, by the express mandate of
the Constitution
In what estimation would the civilized world
hold the conduct of one of the parties to q
solemn treaty of peace between Independent
nations, who, whilst himself in the enjoyment
of all the benefits stipulated in his favor, and
In which he knows he can never be disturbed,
should then turn round, and merely because
he possesses the power, deprive the other party
of the only equivalent he had received under
this very treaty?
But forbear to pursue this subject In my
opinion, the harmony of the States and the
prosperity-it may be the preservation-of the
Union depend on the maintenance and faithful
execution of all the Compromise measures. Il
Is now too late in the day to 60 behind the
record and discuss the original merits.
JAMES BUCHANAN.
| Robert T. Scott Esq
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03

The CASE OF De AHNA.-The jury in this
case wherein the prisoner, charged with libel
ling Madame Tochman, Qate JagiellO) yester-
day rendered the following verdict
jury ROOM, Nay 81.
The jury in the case of De Alma being
satisfied that sufficient evidence was not ad-
duced to prove the publication of the libel by
De Alma, IA The county of Washington, are
forced to render n verdict Of Not Guilty
Signed by John M Thornton, Jacob Harsh
man, J. Hilton, Thomas Jarboe Joseph B.
Hall, William G. Howison, Guy Graham, Geo.
Browning James Murray, Samuel c, Dawson
Joseph Fry, Thomas Scrivener.
american Telegraph Of May 81.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03

calculated to render that provision Of the Con-
stitution imperative, or TO destroy or diminish
the force of the existing laws for its fulhlment
or 10 impair or obstruct the rights OF the
citizens of any State under it, can ever receive
my approval.
According TO the construction have been
inclined to place upon your letter, the foregoing
furnishes a full and complete answer to all
your interrogatories but the clause in which
YOU INQUIRE whether would dscountenance
by every proper means all attempts to disturb
or change the provisions Of that law, whereby
those provisions might be made less effectual,"
may possibly be construed to imply that the
Executive would be expected to influence or
restrain the action of Congress by other means
than those enjoined by the Constitution. Lest
my answer may not be deemed full on this
point, it is due to candor to state that should
not feel at liberty, in any event. to use the
patronage of the Government for the purpose
Of influencing the legislative action upon that
or any other subject but would leave to Con-
gress the independent exercise OF its constitu-
tional functions, and reserve to the Executive
the full measure of responsibility attaching to
his approval or disapproval of all acts passed
by Congress.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03

diton Of one-sixth Of the inhabitants, who are
held in bondage--over large portion who are
the victims Of prejudce--over numerous body
who tyrannize over their conntrymen guilty Of
a skin not like their own-and feel indignant
at the contrariety between the professions of
Americans and their practice.
Yours, as ever, MANHATTAN.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03
BY TELEGRAPH.

BALTIMoRE, June 1, 1852.
To the Editor Of The National Era.
The Convention is permanently organized
John w. Davis, Of Indiana, President. Two
thirds rule adopted-2sO to 8. Votes to be
by States New York and Ohio divided. Great
enthusiasm Adjourned, at quarter 10 7, till
10 tomorrow LES.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03
DEATH.

Died at his residence in Sullivan county
New York, on the 9Th Of February 1852
WILLIAM KING, native Of England, aged 78
years and months.
He was an enemy 10 Slavery in all its forms,
and was beloved by all who knew him.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,.
TUESDAY, May rs.


On motion of Mr.. Stuart, Of Michigan the
House resolved itself into Committee of the
Whole on the state of the Union
Mr.. Bayly, of Virginia, took the floor, and
stated that two propositions had been adyanc-
ed-one of which is that the Fugitive Slave
Law, like all Others is open 10 repea, and the
other that the Compromise measures, being
the law of the land, any resolution to re.afirm
it is idle, If not wicked-the correctness of both
Of which propositions he denied. He contend.
ed that the Constitution required the enact
ment Of the law alluded TO, and that such had
been the decision Of the legal tribunals: hence
Congress was bound to enact IT,
With reference 70 the second proposition he
referred 10 the adoption Of magma eharta, fore
ed upon despotic monarch by the powers Of
England, and the resistance OF the people OF
this country to an attempt to undermine the
Constitution, which resulted in its ndepend-
ence; and denounced the agtstors of the pres
ent day, AZ being bent on It's subyerson
MIR. Cartier, OF Ohio, followed, and insisted
that it was constitutional 10 amend the Fugi-
tive Slave Law, and charged the gentleman
from Virginia with voting against that which
he was then advocating, and who now contends
that the body which passed law has no right
to amend it.
Here the Chairman's hammer fell the hour
having elapsed for terminating the debate.
Mr. Houston, Of Alabama, moved that the
bill be laid aside, and that House bill No as
be taken up.
MIR. Cartier resumed, and replied in detail
to the speech Of Mr. Bayly; while doing 80
Mr.. Polk, Of Tenn, called his attention 10
the release Of a fugitive slaye from the peniten.
tiary in New York, by Gov Hunt, three days
before the period Of his imprisonment had ex-
pred, owing to which he was enabled 10 es-
cape into Canada
Mr.. Brooks, Of New York, said he had no
sympathy for Gov Hunt yet he felt it his du-
ty TO state that letter had been received
from him this morning stating that he did not
know tho party was 4 fugitive slave; but that
he had released him because papers had been
submitted which proved that the person was
not guilty Of the crime with which he had been
charged.
Mr.. Cartier then adyerted TO the position Of
the Democratic party, rs il had been deseribed
and considered th4t il had outliyed ito destiny,
when it could oyerrule the Government and
concluded with general remarks.
On motion Of Mr. Houston, the bill was laid
aside
The Committee then rose, House bill No. A
was reported and read third time and pass
cd, and the House adjourned.
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03
Robert G.. Scott, ESQ.
Letter from s. A. Douglas, Esq.
WASHINGTON, d. c., May 90, 1852.


While the series Of measures known as the
Goomprom's, was supported and opposed by
democrats and Wings indiscriminately. and
therefore could not justly be claimed a. nsrty
measures measures, yet ! deemed it my duty, under the
circumstances, to give them in The senate a
cordial and unwavering support and inn.
mediate!y upon my return home, when asaailed
yy nay constituents, defended and vindicatad
Tue provisions of each and all of thoae acts
sud specially insisted upon the faithful sxscu,
S,on Of the law for the reclamation Of fugitiyes
bsua labor My opinions upon these questions
il nv undergone no change; and shall deem
be nI. ua,y IN whatever Official position NAV
su,r"s eu 70 exert all legal and constitutional
IT," 10 enforce the honest execution az
ancs well as all other acts parsed in pursu-
60. ol the Constitution Inasmuch ~ the
. On of the United States wovidos thai
Sta person held to service or labor IN enc
.oo,l under the laws thereof essapinx into
.a shall, in consequence Of anv az a.
s sesaa''oa therein, b discharged Eom rcb
al. ."ce or labor, bat shall he dsliysred nm m
I Iae claim OF The party 70 whom sush ssrviee ~
..oor may be due0 Il became the impsr.t;va
uuy Oh Congeess 70 pass all laws neossrsrv 70
'~''y mat provision into effect; and no, act
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03

Letter from Lewis Cas-, Esq.

Letter from Lewss Cas- Esq
WASHINGTON, May rs 1852.
srR: received your letter Of tho 9Th inst
on Friday last aud shell proceed TO spsver u
frankly and explicitly
| consider the series Of Legislative measures
known az the Compromise, including the Fugi-
tive Slave Law, ~ the 6nsl I'd astmsot Of . dso-
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03

A bill b authorize the holding Of the District
Court iD the District of Columbia, during The
sickness u absence Of the Chief Justice was
read third time, and passed.
Mr. Florence, Of psnnsylvania, submitted an
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03
NO. 2S3.
Letter from George N. Dallas, Esq.
MAY 90. 1852.


To each and all of these interrogatories, |
give you the only answer which my mind
Teconciles with sense OF executive duty-the
only answer which can assure the rights and
peace of the States and the permaneney OF
their Union--the only answer which Chief
Magistrate were he about to swear that he
will support the Constitution, could give; |
mean sincere, positive, unequivocat, Yes! 4
,rouH!n give you this answer the more de-
cidedly. because it is not the birth Of the mo-
ment. but conforms with sentiments which |
have long entertained and openly avowed I;
which have no desire TO conceal or to qualify
on any occasion or for any purpose and which,
in my humble but firm judgment, if our noble
and benefcent structure of Government is to be
preserved, must animate the breasts and regu-
late theconduct of all its fnnctionaries from the
highest to the humblest
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03

times and passed
Mr. Hall, from the same COMMITTEES report
cd back with sundry amendments Senate hill
granting the right Of way and making grant
Of land 70 the State Of Iowa in aid Of the con-
struGtio1 Of certain railroads in said State.
Mr.. Hall said that the bill was similar ia it,
terms to the provisions Of the bill which passed
the House yesterday, and provided for the con.
struction Of road from Davenport, on the
Mississippi crest, 10 the Missouri river, in Iowa,
and also a road from Dubuque TO Keokuk In
conclusion, he demanded the previous ques-
ton.
Mr. Jones, Of Tennessee, asked the gentle
man to withdraw the demand for the previous
question, as he wished to make an inquiry.
Mr. Hall declined
Mr.. Jones. Is unfair and unjust W foroo
these bills through in this manner. (Cries Of
@order," z order'9 Tie moved TO lay the bill
on the table.
The motion was agreed to---yeas 1902, nays
6s. SO the bill was laid on the table
Mr. Hall moved 10 reconsider the vote by
which the bill was laid ON the table.
Mr. Jones, Of TennesseW moved 70 lay the
motion 70 recQnsider on tho table.
The House adjourned.
MosnAy, May 81.
Mr. Hall moved to postpone the further con.
siderstion Of the motion 10 lay ON the table the
motion 10 reconsider the vote by which she
House laid on the table the Iowa land bill
As tbis was q very important hill, and as the
House was thin, be would move 70 postpone the
further consideration of the subject Until Tues,
day week.
And the question being taken, the motion
was agreed t0--yeas liza nays So
The Speaker therenpop called the committees
lp reports
Mr. Orr, from the Committee on Public
Lands, reported bill granting the right Of
way and portion Of the public lands TO the
States Of Florida and Alabama, for the con-
struction Of certain railroads In said States
which was read twice.
Mr.. q said that We was instructed Ny the
committee 70 move 10 put this bill on il passage
Tbs bill provided for the construction oftwo
The national era. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1847-1860, 1852-06-03

To Robert G. Scott, Esq.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1852-09-01

to the cart load, ifnone was included be-
fore, halfa bushel of lime and peck of
salt. For the Grope zine, half bushel of
lime, a bushel of ashes, and half bushel
ofplaster. For the Peach, Nectarin and
Cheery, add 10 every cart load oil the
compost, bushel of fresh or two bushels
of leached ashes. For the Fig and the
Orange, hushel Of broken bones, and
two Of crushed charcoal. These last, tho
bones and the charcoal, are excellent for
all fruit trees. For the Plum, in sandy
nd-where only those worked on the
Peach should be planted-with each load
of compost should be mixed an equal guam
tity of strong loam or clay. And this
mixingof soils may, at all times be practised
with advantagc-adding a dressing of
sharp sand to stiff soil, and Of clay or stiff
loan to sandy land. On the sea-coast,
supplies of fish and of sea-weed can
occasionally be had, and of the polypus
or sea-nettle, and are good additions to
compost heap"
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1852-09-01
From the Southern CuitirdtOr.
Food for Horses---0ats VS.. Corn.

In late number of the Cultirutor
notice a letter asking for advice with regard
to what kint flood may be substituted
in the place Of corn, for horses, which
inquiry | will proceed to answer. Last
year being an mi;tvorabIe year for corn in
our section, our crops We're shorter than
they had been for years, in consequence of
which, this present year | have had to
resort to other food to feed my horses on.
Oats is the bcsttood for horses that have
cvertricd, corn not excepted. Ihavc been
feeding my mules on them for three
weeks, without any corn or fodder, and
expect to continue feeding in that way
until gather my corn. Ny mules do
actually improve on them; they are in
better order than they were before my corn
give out. The way | manage with my
oats is this q: | cut them before they are
full ripe, when they begin to turn yellow.
| then let them cure in the field, and
afterwards haul them in, and have large
boxes in my lot, which l fill with them,
but previous to filling,I have them cut in
fine pieces, straw and heads together
You can,inscrt this letter in your next
n",nber, FOR the benefit of my friend.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1852-09-01
Trial of Guano in Georgia.

For the last thrco seasons have used
Guano to great advantage on my poor
lots in this vicinity. For early spring
pastures, SOW 200 pounds to an acre
broadcast, in October, with rye and barley;
and with oats in February, to be fed off
and followed in May and June with peas
and corn, for summer pasture.
In November and December last, |
applied ten tones on my Oothcaloga
Valley lands, at the rate of 200 pounds
to the acre. The yield of wheat was
increased fully twelve bushels to an
acre, and the quality of the whole crop
greatly improved by its being forced ahead
ofthe rust. y forty acre field, sown 18th
of December, bloomcd 18th of May, and
ripcncd 10th of June. r. PETERS.
The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1852-09-01
PROSPECTUS OF
THE COTTON PLANT.
AND
Southern Advertiser.

Published socckiy, 10 ddcocate Direct
Irode, N0nwtocfhres, AqricUIturc, amt
he dcrctopment Of Southern Resources.
by C. &. BIYLOR, Uashinyton, u. C..
The Importance of such Journal rs the
above, needs no exposition. The material
and substantial interest Of thcSouih have
been too long neglected The CNoon PIan,
is established to promote these interests,
keeping entirely aloof from party poll
tics. A complete foreign and domestic
correspondence has been arranged. The
best talent of the country will contribute 10
our columns, which will present n medium,
OF general communications, correspondence,
and information for the friends of the mca-
surcs We advocate. The proper steps have
been taken in Europe and America 10 Law
the foundation of n direct foreign frads at
the South, and to introduce our coarse man.
ufactures into the continental Eurorcan
market. One object Of the Cotton Plant
will be, rs the organ of direct trade, TO stim-
ulatc the South to carry out this important
measure.
We call upon the Southern merchants GEN.
orally To send us their business cards. that
we my lay them before the country, 10 cna-
bic the friends Of southern commerce, man.
ufacturcs, &c, to discriminate properly in
their desires to promote southern enterprise,
The Importance Of Washington City n
point of location for such Journal, especi.
ally in regard to opening foreign correspon-
dence and promoting our foreign relations:
is apparent. The opportunity of seeing
here, also, members of Congress from every
district Of the country, presents means of
general cooperation not to be found else
where.
To the Cotton, Sugar Rice, and Tobacco
Planters, we look confidently for support;
ana 10 the friends of Direct Trade" through
cut the south we say-"show your faith by
your works"
The regular issue Of the "CoTrox PLANT"
will commence in June next Advertise
ments are particularly requested TO be for
wardcd early. Business letters addressed to
&. q. Baylor, Washington, ID. C.
Correspondence from all interested in the
cause We advocate is solicited, pariicularlV
as TO he crop, as we wish to give correct in
formation on n subject which is Of so much
importance to the Planter, and in represent
ing which he has been so often injured.
Postmasters are requested TO act as agents
for US, and to all who approve our cause we
look for good feeling, Kindness and support.
Terms, 50, i'm advance.