The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-02-10
Interesting Correspondence.


MACAO, CHINA, November "a, 1851.
The Markas-Our Naval Sqssaarow-7He Contem-
plated pish TO Japan-Int0course Wih Siam-
The Nao Govanm of Macao Amnricaw Navat
Diot- Chinese Emigration to California, &c.
The quiet state Of things in China, ut present,
csinct sci provok, letter Of much interest," yot
as the columns of the HERALD bound to con-
tain correspondence from every known quarter Of
the globe, sill furnish you with q few lines.
TIE markets for silks and teas have been quite
brisk, until recently, not outstanding the high
rates OF exchange. American cottons are now in
troduced on good forms, and will probably coati-
nue. profitable shipment, as long as bills on Lon
don are sold at the present rates.
Tne only United States men Of war in the China
waters at this time are the Saratoga and Marion.
aloops The steamer Susquehanna has been anx.
iousy expected ff some time, until foars are enter
tained that some accident to her machinery may
have induced Commodore Auick to return with
her to the United States. On her arrival, the
Marion, it is expected, will be sent home. The
health Of her crew has suffered from Sickness from
her FIRST arrival on the station, and it would have
been wiser to have had her replaced by an efficient
ship months ago. The Plymouth, which sailed
from Norfolk for China, in August last can scarce
~ be expected before March, as she must contend
against An ADVERSE monsoon.
The squadron may be employ cd on visit to ia
pan, AZ summer; but the most san guine here do
not anticipate any very advau yeous results from
an attempt to make commercial treaty with the
Japanese. In Siam, however, the prospects are
better. The old King of Siam who, in his whole
life manifested decided opposition to foreign in
novations, died shortly after the last unsuccessful
ecerts of the American and British governments
to open commercial treaties with Siam, or rather
to make former treaties Of some value. He has
been succeeded by nephew of considera Die entail
cultivation and of enlg htened views, entirely op
posed to the restrictive policy of his predecessor, VINO
already has ntmated his desire to facilitate trade
with foreigners, and, in one instance, remitted
duties imposed, against the spirit of treaties by the
late king. The squadron under Commodore Au-
lick cannot be employed with greater advantage to
the govern ment than in conveying an embassy to
Siam Rajah Brooke will probably be returned by
the British government to renew tho attempt in
which he failed eighteen months since, and our
government should not be lagR ard in procuring
the same advantages for our countrymen which
all believe will be conceded to Rajah Brooke for
the English. ltshoud be observed that Sir james
has long been on terms of personal friendship with
the present king of Siam
The governorship of Macao has again changed
hands, tho late incumbent (CoIdoza) having been
very Unexpectedly and mysteriously superseded by
Captain Guimares, commander of Her Faithful
Majesy'0 corvette, Don John l., well known to the
ton Of Governor CORDOBA, the finances of the colony
are said to have improved He cert ainly was indie
tatigabe in levying taxes Still, the prospects of
Macao are anything but fattering The establish
ment of Hong Kong has Withdrawn all the foreign
trade whilst the impolitic course pursued towards
the Chinese by Governor Amasol, has driven their
merchants to Wampoa, where the Fokien trade
which once centered here, has followed. Property
has greatly declined from these causes, and is now
held Mt nominal rates Many Of the inhabitants
have deserted the place-some for Hong Kong, the
more enterprising for Calfornia-and the colony is
yesily becoming poorer, and poorer The only
mo hrn % hara tho mn
by the Portuguese government to deay the expenses
Of tho military, is what foreign residents from
Hong korg and Canton expend 1t will always
be favortc resort for these, ms it is undoubtedly
the most healthy; and rs regards climate, tho
pleasantest port to which foreigners have access in
China. In Truth, the climate of Macao is surpas-
s'ngly fine. During tho summer, it is open TO tho
southwest monsoon, and the prevailing winds from
the China sea, while the winters in this latitude are
unobiectionabe-dry cold, and bracng
The idea OF the United States obtaining posses
sion of Macao, by purchase from the Portuguese
government, for A'nayal depot, has beer enter
tantd by SEINE; but IL is doubtful whether it eould
be OF any value to us. There is no haybor, except
fnr vessels drawing under fourteen or fifteen feet
Our men of'war anchor In the roads, from two to
five mill from the town. and have their stores sent
out TO them in lorchas. Although this is done on
moderate terms, yet IT would be serious drawb sck
20 steamers coaiirg
There is quite on excitement among the Chinese
n this district upon the sub ject of emigration. Ca
liforna is the iayorite feld but dfi,ulsy o,curs
in procuring Coolies, at four dollars mon,h, VINO
will agree TO serve five years for that monthly.
A ruuber of ship loads nave gone to Peru, where
tnty are employed in getting out guano Some
loao have gone to California, on speculation by
shippers; but generally, those omigrating there pay
their oTn passage, and arriving, work on their
account. Every ship from California brings
bers of returning adventurers who, in the brief
space Of twelve or eighteen months. have aocumu.
lated perhaps a thousand dollars, which they 70.
gard competence Most of those going leave
families behind; and it rarely happens that an
individual leaves with the intention Of becoming
permanent resident. A line Of steamers between
California and China might reckon upon the car.
rying Of Chinese steerago passengers as the princi
pal source Of profit and unlike steerage passengers
across the Atlantic, they would 60 in about equal
numbers both ways. Chinese Coolie labor will
probably be tried 10 tho West Indies, and if in
proper hands, will succeed 1t woudja nswer, too,
in Texas or Louisiana, am satisfied, They would
be DO more costly than negroes, when good field
hands sell for seven or eight hundred dollars, while
they are in all respects superior to them work.
men. As they would not expatriate themselves
permanently, but, after serving their term out,
return, our would not suffer By sdmixturc with
that Of q distinct variety.
Our Santa Fe Correspondence.