The daily union., 1852-12-01

for combustbles, al any point not belonging pryat,
PERSONS but The ule to the same shall De forfeited. IN
less The conditions above mentioned be complied will
during the hve II shall be lawful to cut wood 10
fuel ON unoccupied lands. and open and work Goa
mines"
Under this treaty Brazil has entered into an agreemen
with lrneo Evangesta de Louza introduce the rive
steamer upon the Amazon.
This contract entered into the 30th day OF Au
gust last, and is OF the most odous monopoes tha
ever were inflicted upon free trade that Ieart
the progress OF any country. stringent monopoly o
steamboat trade and travel the Amazon for thirty
years The preamble TO this contract sates that
10 enable this Louza to form company for the estab
ishment Of steam navigation upon the Amazon. the ex.
elusive right for thirty years 10 the steamboat trade
travel and navigation up and down that river, has been
granted to him upon certain conditions the principal o
which are these
lst. The capital OF the company shall never be less
than 100000. 200 900 S000)
%. There shall be two lnes--one from Para at the
mouth OF the Amazon. touching at The intermediate
places. to Barra at the mouth Of The Rio Negro the
second, from Barra, touching aforesaid 10 Nauia al
the mouth OF the UcayalI, in Peru
81. To the first line annual subsidy OF $50 900
Q60 600 S0Oo) is TO be paid the first fifteen years and
the second line is TO be paid The SEQ 900, which by the
treaty OF fuvia navigation and commerce." of which
| have already spoken. Peru obligated herself TO pay
one round trip month, the second, three year.
The company, on the other hand, obigates itself TO do
certain things, and among these is 10 establish on the
Amazon and lis tributaries sixty colonies which shall
consist OF Indians emgants from such nations as the
Crown may designate
The first thing in This treaty of "fuval commerce and
navigation" between Peru and Brazil that strikes one
she want Of sagacity on the part of its negoators, and
the marvellous degree of inlaualion by which Peru
fell into the imsy net that was so unskilfuy spread
before her.
When Peru invited 10 treat upon this subject and
was told that Brazil wanted to introduce the river steamer
upon Peruvian waters, there was right at the mouth of
Inc Amazon, the Iocantns, most magnificent stream
it crosses more parallels OF latitude than our Msssspu
or Missouri il lies wholly within Brazilian territory
the banks OF its upper tributaries are envened with
towns and villages and peopled with 1876 900 subjects OF
Brazil 1t takes II rise in the very heart of The empire
and from the EmpeoPs palace, Ro to the headwaters
OF tins noble river the distance is five hundred miles
and yei with all the enterprise OF Brazil, she had not
been able to put, or TO muster energy enough make
the attempt TO put, single steamer upon this river II
was little surprising. then. that the suspicious Of Peru
were not excied for there something strange 10 see
lhs Brazilian envoy passing by The mouth of The noble
Iocanns at home, which his own counlrymen with their
dug and rude crafts, can ascend only the rate of
seven miles day twas strange. say to see this en-
voy leaving the rivers in his country in such con-
to propose TO Peru TO send Brazilian steamers 10
among the Andes. her tributaries OF the Amazon
Besides this, there are the Chinga and The Tapajos
with dozen other noble streams lying wholly within
Brazilian territory of them come from mountains
Of Diamonds" and gold is in the beds OF all of them
They are all strangers 10 The steamboat Their sources
are so completely lost in unknown regions of the vast
interior OF Brazil that far better acquainted with
the geography OF the than with that OF these
rivers; and yet seeing that and how that governmen,
had neglected them all, Peru could still be induced 10
listen TO its shallow propositions.
Nay, there is the beautiful river OF San Francisco which
emptes directly into The sea, and the head waters of
which are just behind the first range of hills in the rear
Of the capital of the empire Without having had the
energy to introduce the steamboat even upon the waters
o this ver the Chevaler Da Ponte sent of upon this
shallow mission about the headwalers OF the Amazon,
which by faulty the dplomasts OF Peru, it seems could
not fathom.
This attempt OF Brazil 10 negotiate with those five ANA
zonlan republics be considered in other light than
IN attempt 10 stop the progress Of civilization for to
,ose the Amazon TO commerce and the steamboat is 10
shut out from that benghed country which il drains the
ighs OF civilization the blessings OF Christianity and
Nj the elements of human happiness
But the treaty! The BRAZILIAN minister, am told did |
,o hesitate privately TO advance the sentiment, when in
Lima, that was not the policy OF Brazil 10 treat with
lailons more powerful than herself thai in the nerpre
auon o Heauts Tue stronger power always enforced It's
,wn ucon and the weaker as invariably went 10
he wall.
At any rate, shall show how faithfully Brazil has
cted up TO this policy in the OF this treaty with Peru
3y il each Of the contracting parties pledged itself give
nnualy not less than $50 900 for the introduction
II the steamboat upon the waters OF the Amazon and
What has been the result Why, this: Brazil, as we
by the Louza contract has taken this $40 900
II Peruvian money. and given il 10 oil her sub
ects TO establish line Of steamers under her own flag
rom the mouth OF the Rio Negro 10 Naula--ihai is il I
$ 10 about 500 miles through Brazilian territory,
nd when il gets few miles into Pera 10 stop short
'ut sill Peru must pay the piper When this line
caches the mouth oil the Rio Negro is to feed there
With its eghs another line under the Brazilian flag 10
'aTa.
Thus Peru, TO get about $50 miles OF her thousands OF
niles Of navigabe waters naygaed by steam, is made
pay Brazilian bottoms and subjects for navigating
500 miles OF Brazilian waiefsl
have no pleasure in exposing this memorable ricke.
y Of the court OF Brazil But she has arrayed herself
ganst the Improvements and the progress Of the age
nd she has attempted by intrigue shape the course
II that she might lock up and seal with the saa
j, ignorance and superstition and savage barbariy the
inest portions OF The earth.
Science, commerce, and the wants OF mankind are be-
.nning 10 call loudly for admauce there; and UP tie
Amazon they must and will 90, for when they call the
world is right apt 10 heed
The object OF Brazil in negotiating this treaty with
Peru was, we have by the Rio correspondent oI
be 0bservaor' already quoted, 10 exclude "ths ma.
ion Of pirates" there styled, from these wa.