The southern press., 1852-01-13

. | 1886, ACC
TorALs FOR ALL HUNGARY.
Magyars. 4,6o5 5,67(
SlavOnians. ..................... 4,905, ,76(
Germans. ................ l,4|I ,oUV
Waachians ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 2,3l7,3
Szeklers 250, ,O0(
Jews and others 372 800
oraho total. ................... i"'o'osi'e
by still more recent account, taken from the
official statistics Of Austria, it appears that Hun.
gary. including Transylvania and military from
tiers, has 10000 square miles, with l4,50O,O0O
! inhabitants. and contains
Cities rs
Towns 88S
Villages . 10000
Roman Catholics, .. . 100000
Greeks 100000
Protestants 3,35O,000
Jews 100000
Hungary is about the size of Great Britain,
and comprehends nearly half of the territory OF
Austria.
1t is stated by another authority that the pop
uaion OF Hungary is nearly l4OOO,O0O: that
OF England Gn l84D nearly 100000; that OF
, Prussia about 100000
Thus it Is evident that, in point of power, 80
far as power depends upon population, Hungary
possesses as much power as England proper, or
even as the Kingdom of Prussia. Well, then,
there is population enough, there are people
enough. Who, then are they, They are dis
tnct from the nations that surround them. They
are distinct from the Austrians aud Germans on
! the west, and the Turks on the east and will
say in the next place that they are an enLighl-
ened nation. They have their history; they
have their traditions; they have their selninaries
. r,f aIr han h.,
have books of learning they have poetry; they
have the drama; and, among the people, there
are vast numbers of persons Of reading and
knowledge. They attached to their own in
Observation-Disclosures which have existed for
more than u thousand years.
1 Gentlemen, it is remarkable that on the west
ern coasts of Europe political light exists.
| There s a sun in the political armament, and
that sun sheds his beams on those who are able
to enjoy them. But in Eastern Europe, gen.
orally speaking, and on the confines between
Eastern Europe and Asia, there is no political
sun in the heavens. 1t is all an arctic zone Of
political life. Applause. The luminary that
enlightens the world in general, seldom rises
there above the horizon. The light which they
possess is at best crepuscular, kind of twilight,
and they are under the necessity of cropping
about to catch, as they may, any stray CLEANS of
the light of day. Hear, hear. Gentlemen
the country of which your guest to- night is a
native, is remarkable exception. She has
shown through her whole history, for many hun
dreds of years, an enlightened attachment to the
principles of civil liberty, and of law, and Of
order, and obedience to the constitution which
the will of the great majority have established
That is the fact; and it ought to bo known
wherever the question of tho practicabiity of
| Hungarian liberty and independence is dis
cussed 1t ought to be known that Hungary
stands far above her neighbors in all that re-
spects free institutions, constitutional govern
ment, and hereditary love of liberty Ap-
plause
| Gentlemen, have taken the pains to prepare
some facts from an intelligent writer, and that
writer is a lady, She must of course be great
authority. She says:
"The Hungarian nation has been distin.
! gushed from its first appearance in history for
uniting to passionate love of liberty scrupu-
ous reverence for law. The Magyars did not
enter the plains Of Dacia an undscipined rabble
From the first they possessed fixed form of
government and were distinguished for their
subordination to their leaders and their laws
To these habits of discipline, in which the Mag
yars were trained to their love of order and
regard for law, it is to be ascribed that they did
not pass away, like the common hordes of bar
barian adventurers, but established permanent
kingdom in the country they invaded To these
qualities, not less than to their courage, is to be
ascribed their successful maintainance of their
constitutional rights against all the attacks of
power before which the liberties of so many
other nations have fallen.
"The ancient institutions of the Magyars
were eminently democratic. Their chief ruler
was elected by the votes of the people. For the
first century after their establishment in the
country he receycdonly the title of Ve1er, or
leader In the year 1000 they bestowed the
title of King on Stephen, of the family of Arpad,
the leader under whose guidance they had en-
tered Pannonia. The power Of the King was,
however, strictly limited The consent of the
people was necessary to give efficacy to every
royal act. The excellent prince who first filled
the throne of Hungary had no disposition to in
fringe the liberties of the people. On the con
trary, he endeavored to guard them against the
encroachments of future sovereigns. He framed
a code Of laws, founded on the ancient institu-
tons of t Magyars, which have ever since
been regarded as of the highest authority.
These statutes were drawn up for the guidance
of his son Emeric whom he educated as his sue
cessor in the kingdom. The enlightened and
humane spirit in which these DEGREES are com
posed gives very high idea of the civilization
and political advancement of Hungary at this
period We find in them an express recognition
of the principle of universal equality Omncs
homneS aaias sum conditoniS.'"
1t is in the following terms that he prescribes
the duty of king towards his subjects:
"Let them be to thee, my sou, as brothers
and fathers; reduce none of them to servitude.
neither call them thy servants. Let them fight
for thee, not serve thee. Govern them without
violence and without prido--pcaceful humbly,
humanely, Remembering that nothing eleyatos
bat humility, that nothing abuses but pride and
an evil will.
"My son, i pray thee, command thee to show
thyselt propitious not only TO thy kindred not
only to princes, to leaders, to the rich not only
to thy country people, but likewise to strangers,
and to all that come unto thee. Be patient
with all, not only with the powerful, but with
those lacking power. Bear ever in thy mind this
precept of the Lord, 4 will have mercy, and not
sacrifice"
He recognises the right of the people to de-
pose an unworthy prince
If thou art mild and Just, then shalt thou