The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1852-11-10
tons EscondIy-Tha. the said power Is in no way
livr;tad nv tbe treatv of l76 to the

sTuction and Interpretation nseu IN si"inr cus,s'
even granting that the said treaty apply to the
island Of Cuba Thirdly-The said treaty OF I1So
never had has not, and cannot have, any vigor IN
the case Of the ultra marine provinces OF Spain, In
conformity with the msx,ms ana pTsc,ce VI 70
Utrecht Fourtly-That the United States recog
nired at its origin, and have continued toreeognIe
in the most explicit manner, the nudity OK tne
treaty as far il refers to our territory, ~nerc-
fore their right wba ever il may have been, cannot
have received any addition or augmentation On
all and each of these points we have given, our
reasons and, unless it be eiiconcst tnat o'ina
is owing to the excellence Of the Cause
far more than to our little ability in sus-
tanning it. To dwell now on minor oonsidera-
tons were unworthy of the dignity OF the debate,
az d. at the time, Of the respect we owe to our
selves Defenders of just principle, We have re-
peed to the best of our ability what VIC deemed to
be an attack upon the innate and sacred faculties
and rights OF every government, ana every pubic
constituted authorty-whst, too, we believed to be
n dangerous attack upon the safeguards conceded
by the law Of nations upon civilized countries, with
a view TO promote public tranquility and security.
In treating of so encountered . subject, we have
studiously avoided INDUCING in style OF decla-
nation; and discardipg the tone OF anger ana sar-
casm, have never employed asy weapons save the
coolest and most uniDpassioncd logic. Were we
now however, to launch into the discussion OF our
own causes of complaint, it would perhaps be i'm
possible to continue bridling our feelings, nor m
deed, would it be right and proper that we should
Let leave this subject, then, for discussion on
some future occasion, when We shall take 1t up ana
endeavor to treat it as it deserves while we sub.
NIT our doctrine, without fear, to the Judgment OF
all civilized countries.
[Frtm the Disro de Ia Marina OF October 20
Now that We have laid aside the important ques
tions Of public right, which of late have been the
frequent theme Of our writings, and IN which not
only the most important rights of Spain, but even
the sovereign power of every nation to regulate ts
domestic concerns were involved, tne HELD IS nov
open to us TO treat Of another matter, which, al
though Of minor Importance, comparatively speak.
ing Is, nevertheless, OF paramount interest 10 al
persons whom it may concern We speak OF the
condition and rights OF foreign subjects IN al the
Spanish domnons and mere especially IN the ultra
marine provinces. Attention and time bestowed on
such matter this can never be considered wholly
missIent.
Let us here begin by recording the fact, amply
proved by public documents, and in conformity with
the dictates OF natural reason that the Spanish ma
tion entered into any treaty or agreement oy
which she aiena.ed any fraction whatever OF ner
innate sovereignty, or whereby che abdicated her
position in the communion Of nations, independent
and exempt from all humliating foreign subsection
This point alone will greatly tend clearly and posi-
lively to show what may be the copdition OF such
foreigners.
Whether we consider the matter with q view to
the treaties drawn up after the usage of civilized
countries, and interpreted in conformity with the
naxims and ussges generally admitted, or whether
We look at it founded on the principle OF abso-
lutte sovereignty, only regulated and limited by the
rules imposed upon natural right by the Law OF ma
tions and accepted by the former; ave have in sub
stance the same Identical result, and nots husband
ing minor differences, it is capable. aud moro
than capable, taken either way, OF satisfying our
present purpose
The first hypothesis which We have laid down must
be understood as referring to the Spanish dominions
the other side of the ocean, the second has refer
ence TO the provinces on this side OF the At
lantic; but in whatever light We may view it,
it is ever apparent that no stranger enjoys,
nor can epjoy, privileges greater than those
appertainng to the natural born subjects of tho
country, and that to pretend or even to conceive
such q thing is entirely beyond the bounds OF
reason or Of the most ordinary common sense.
certain conditions equality Of rights either
equally granted tolerated; but supremacy or
preference cannot be dreamt of, as Mr.. Webster
stated in words which we short time since had
occasion to quote; it is not the practice Of nations
to grant such principles, rreconcilaole with the ex
ercise of their sovereignty for which reason, Spain
has not conceded, nor she or ought or does she
desire to concede them.
The day on which each and every of the foreign
ers who to ports, for any reason whatever,
shall have acquired full conviction Of this unaeni-
able truth, he will have gained much for his own
rest and happiness, BY losing illusions both
Of mere private individuals it is not from
a msapprehension Of the meaning of the word,
but because we think that no government has
hitherto dsregarded or denied the truth OF this
i
none existing, capable of so doing. 10 is not
many years since, in our own island, an event
occurred somewhat similar to that which now gives
rise to such lengthy discussions IN our columns and
on which occasion it became necessary 10 resort to
the employ ment Of that same power which our 60.
vernmen (be it said to its greater honor exercises
with SO much parsimony, but which Is not thereby
either abandoned or weakened The Individual 70
whom We allude, and whcse name must D. !sre ient
to the memory of all, was subject OF powerful
natior-a ration, too. proud to degree famed
above all others in her treaties With Spain as nor
old and faithful ally. jealous, aud even suspicious
might say. in sustaining her rights and the pr-
vileges belonging to her subects-a nation, in ine.
which, TO the words of Que Of her most able ora.
tors and Statesmen claims for all her children, with
out distinction, all those great franchises and the
universal respect belonging TO the citizens OF an
oient Rome. That nation, neyertheless, did not
seriously question the prerogative OF Spata because
/ il vas unreasonable: even though the pecu.
liar pre-occupations Of tho country were
4 brought into play; nor did those subgersiye clam
ors, tending to destroy all right, Thea resound, as
they do, after having received their birth tro N
! democratic presumption and ignorance. IL is true
that he nation Of which now speaking is one
\ OF that retrogrsde ass whose principles ot supre-
macy are never free from seifss pre- occupation
It being established then, that strangers live
subject TO our laws, IL j. their duty 20 aeeomno-
date themselves to their die ates be they Tntg they
may. They have right neither 30 discuss thcm nor
I TO judge hem; they must receive them AMI obey
/ them. If the laws do not please them, ieb them
remain at home, without visiting our country,
where no one calls them, though one ct the same
time, rejects them but, on the contrary, where
they are ever received with satisfaction, 70 long
4 as they come to sit at hearth Us peaceful AND
loyal guetts, and exercise their industry tor the
common good. But the most rigid and scru
I puluus observance Of the laws Is ln3spensabis
while tho arrangement and qualification Of those
laws are TO be left TO us the sole competent Judge:
In the matter. Nor can we for instant, consent &c
debate their advantages disadyGt ages With such
advefsaries for it is domestic matter, spd one ap
pertaining exclusively to us by virtue of our aDso
] lutte sovereignty. A contrary pretension were ao
suId III any individual, and will ever constitute HIN
q pirate and an enemy of public tranquility who
should venture violently TO interfere whore no right
insists them and whore no interest calls them
| Tbs same pretension, when carried from foreign
not lose its absurd character, becomes doctrine
M nv nrnye Of inca hia nmschirf IL {,