New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-04-26
: -rTvpS OF AN EXILE. NO. X
..,, s,ru,.l..-saIian Mah@Oad-ke-
E", I"n~,rr.sssi fight. in A.,a,rho janis
i"s ,% s'aashter-I's Enect'-The
~ Prospects

...sb, 70 fight or die. But you may con-
W. the prime Of nohsmmedan glory has
.,noe mast. and that the race has been for
is1s tine declining. To this shall answer that
.S.x,,like spirit Of the Mohsmnedans has found
. ,pAscept aeId in those internal contentious
vbich passed, almost unknown to the West al
thonoh thew made an important chapter Of East
-, history. The last Sultan Mahmoud was re-
Ill, The Esstern Louis XI., the destroyer OF the
tsos,l power and relying for help upon the Partl
,,,s Of new principles. as the French King had
done upon The rising CommuneS feed the high
trees Of his garden, and left only bushes growing
10 their stead.
The new state Of things could not endure be-
cause the people had not been educated to free
dom and liberty-bectuse, under the feudal mas
ters they paid much less than under the direct
govern ment Of the SultRn-because a political re-
former should never destroy political or civil In
stitution, imperfect as it may be- before he has
new one ready and tit to follow it. While the
European nations were entirely eogrossed In the
repression Of the war between the Sultan Nab
rnoud and Mohammed Alec, they quite overlooked
the serious contests going on In A'ls Minor In
SYRIA, in the Kurdistan, aud throughout the dis
tant provinces Of tho Mohammedan EnPire'-
These contests were, however, seriously alarm
ing. The lower classes Of the provinces scarcely
knew that they were subjects OF the Sultan
They paid tribute to their feudal Chiefs who ap-
propriated il all TO their own purposes; followed
them TO the field, and fought against they knew
not wbom-even against the soldiers OF the sue
cessor Of Nohammed.
Some of these Eastern Barons commanded ar
mics OF 600 men, and defended themselves in
velfortifed towns. Others kept the open coun'
try With formidable and well-mounted cavalry,
against whom the heavy aud refractory troops OF
the Sultan could not stand. Several Of these wars
lasted many years, and ruined the countries in
which they took place. Many melancholy me-
mentos Of these revolutions are still to be seen
in the broken walls, the desolated fields and the
ruins of towns that cucumber the ground and i'm
part a mournfal aspect TO a once prosperous
country.
Twas in the year 1920 that the last OF the
feudal Princes was vauquished, pardoned and
,bsmed The rebel troops were dsarmed aud
dispersed, the extensive estates of the conquered
Chief. were con6scsted by the sovereign-thst is
10 saw. transferred into wilderness. Then it was
that the lower classes, who had lost their pro-
tectors. the source of all their prosperity, found
themselves obliged to pay heavy tribute to the
Sultan, and being unable 20 pay, beheld their
grounds converted into Irish boys Their present
misfortune became thus the cause OF greater
and all better prospect died away, leaving in the
forlorn population nothing bat despair, or that
apathetic resignation which forbids aspiration
and leaves man quite unarmed against the ca
prices OF Fortune.
1t is, certainly one Of the happiest features OF
the pre sent time that Governor, be he never go
tvrapnical, can prosper if his people are unhappy.
The wei. being Of the subject is now necessaryto
the well.being Of the king, and we can no"
scarcely comprehend how. in old times, every
popular right was daily despised without endan'
geripg in the least the safety and grandeur OF the
prpce and government This state of thing'is
pa,t, and even in MOhammedsn countries the
great Christian law of equality, though discarded
in theory, does sctually rule
Msbmoud had been successful against the leu
dsl barons of his dominons, but his hnances
were in the utmost distress, and his troops Were
rather danger than security. Then It was
that he conceived aud executed the gigantic plan
Of DESTROYING in one day 10000 men, all armed,
accustomed to fight and possessing every means
Of defense belonging to the State. This plan
projected in utter secrecy. Was executed with
bodhess worthy better Objects Although some
Of the JsDisssries escaped the general extermi'
nation, they have never rallied since that DAY,
and the remnant of that proud aud powerful ar
my ned TO bury themselves 10 the wilderness OF
their native country to live and die unknown
But If the material part of Mahmoud's plan sue
cseded 30 well, the practical bearing Of it was
neglected, as in the affair of the ieudal ba-
rons and Keu none of the fruits that were
anticipated from ii grew and ripened Before he
undertook to snnihuate the feudal power, Nah
moud ought TO have prepared constitutional
law to put in place Of the feudal one, and his neg
leet Of that caused anarchy to succeed despotism'
Before he destroyed the Janissaries, who were
kind Of national milits of the Nohsmmedans,
Nahmoud ought to have laid the foundation OF
regular army But not only was this left undone,
but none of the conitituent elements OF tature
army were secured The military organization
was rot ready, and no money was In store for its
formation, and no plans were proposed to raise
the necessary funds AZ soon Is the Jsnissartes
were dead, MAhmoud behsld himself, with con
sternatioD, deprived Of sll military strength and
surrounded with enemies and perils He sum
moned several European officers formed con
scripton law in great haste, and put tight t7ow
ser,, short jackets and high bonnets upon the
as,onished shepherds and mueteers OF the dis
tant provinces, But European tailor is not
sufhcien. TO form European srmy-no, not even
Aohammedan army. The Jsnissaries we're the
dtpCsi,ory OF the wsrke spirit of the Osnsnlu.
They dressed like their fathers We're armed ike
them. thovght loved and hated like them, and
were prosd Of the authority they had gained aud
maintained. But if Mshmoud hoped to inocuate
that spirit upon his young recruits, no was
strangely mistAken. The new army was not OF
I'll. L. k~aA ~