Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-04-22

find substitute they can approve. Nor small re-
commcnda;ion to the federal number in my view, that
is in conformity 10 the ratio recognized in the federal
constitution The cases, it is true, are not precisely the
same but there is more Of analogy than might at first
be supposed. If the colored population were equally
dilused throughout the State, tho analogy would l
but existing as it does III large masses IN particular
parts of the distinction between the different parts Of
tho State resembles that between the slave holding and
non-layc holding States and II we REJECT doctrine III
our own State whilst claim the benefit of ii in our
relations 10 other States other disagrccabc consequent
may be added to the charge OF inconsistency Which
might be brought against us
Those were the views nf Mr.. Madison. The gentle
man from Iouou Mr. CARrEE) rcat an extract from
one OF The works Of Chief Justice Marshall to show, that
III. priucinr of taxation and representation not
Question Of the revolution II the gentleman had look
Cd 70 b speech in the late Convention, abstract from
which will now read, lie would have ila; the
Chief Justice did regard rs the Question oil the re"o
luton
MIR. CARTER. Will tue gentleman permit me /" cor
ROC, him, I mol refer the opinions Of Chief JUS
lice M,r,h:iI n .xpr sod III the Convention read al
extract Of colonial history, from The history Of the colo
dies.
Mr. EDNUNDs. To prove that taxation and repre-
,.n;al;ou were not connected with the revolutionary
Mr., CARTER. Sot from Chief Justice Mars,ail's
opinions but from, the facts stated n is history.
Mt. EDAluNDS les sir. But really d mt think
;Lc gentleman can draw Inference r"m MS writings
whc. We have his speech directly olo,!n; The infer
ciic".
Mr.. CARTER. ] drew ii irorn resolution which pass
ed The House 81 Delegates Of Fr nia III the time the
STAMP &c: .: 1865 passed.
| Nh EDNCEDS. The resolution crria.l j.. The
inif Justice in his hi:iarI, and known IL !n n well
i, the ct- c,;lcct, viii! lie rcyUil:ion Inc "i,!-
cnce drawn IL the gentleman from that Resolution l. '!!i-
fr.n, from the inference which the Chic. jil'iic" drew
He iryczli .ttc,i Ill til" .Nc;s connected with the '!siEy
II III, times AMI ~. should call il question Any icr-
c,.e drawn from revolutionary History by Inn W!ih great
ca".iull Bat | VII read the cxtra' ir''i! iS speech.
Il think III. suu:!:c.t principles Of rrPGhiIca'.in ia
SANCTION -.,.nr relation between representation ava i:N:!-
iini Cert: in> npi,' has received the sacinl Of
wiser .;a:c.icn and patriots. link he rs" ought Ia
h. connected think this the principle Of tie rev
,,u,;, the rr,u! Oh wllc! the colonies from
,E mo-. her country and made independent staic,.
The people Of tie east thoaght they had offered !,
fair corcsc when they proposed Tie conpoUi bt.i.
If uo.ul ni and tayallu!, the bass nf the federal
number We thought that We had republican precedent
ior his precedent given lis b: The wsc> and trlest
patriots tia, ever Were assembled.
Bit. say our friends of the west III. introduction Of
The mixed basis would make the government plrtalc Of
the character q! ari-ucracv would call the attr.l.
io. Of NV friend from kanawIa the fact that whether
Il government Is republican o. moi, i, question: which
ma; ~ tested. prcs,!;c ii least Il. the Cptu
t:vn If the Eatci States ;aarau1ics to every stale
r,.,itcuu ln-Iu oi 1t the opinion of
Chief Tu~lic, Marshall. that tie sn.ntirst principles Of
:cuul,.liin 10 sanction SOME relation between repre-
.cilia ion a,! 1axa,io. Certainly opinion has
81 the sanction nf wiser statesmen AID patriots Il is
.r,.r this npm!..I mol M lu;clat, bat an
npi N a>I1a.,:cd h him ia expressions Of great noie>y
and c;u,ur--l.! emitted IL less weigh. Of authority in
consequence f the i.ntcs Wit. w!lc: il was expressed
The reason for H. caution l:y !a;. arisen from his 70
,ion Il, Chri Justc" OF the United States, expressing
.n ~ i.o, ON courovc.tc Question H.. rcpull
can FORM ui :; statc government.
The gent rl.lln from k.nawla. Mr., SuuMEE.) asks
whence this proposition OF dividing representation
cqullly-oc hall taxes, half persons. Il was
not proposed in the Co!.EcnIl I'll '2J, il lru,Isci
WAS voted inwn. 1t certainly voted duwr-but
r;,!.;c Greens amendment commented Oh bv iIr
Oh. fna. Johnson i'll these words The proposition 10
amend which offers the basis III population and aXuon
clli,lcd is not very definite i'll It's terms but Is TX
!s,L hv IL mover j. ;i,"5ibc. Ii does propose
10 c,!!,rp...d til" nrn5cr u dollars paid for take, IL
each district with the number Of wtc person, therein
a. thence derive til" rule !or app1rt!,nclt. but pro
poses to compound the ratios d; taxation a'h nrnirT
tu.s-;o give hall the Delegates, according 20 IL"
ratio Il taxes paid, and he other hal; :.cc"in: M
ratio Of white pcrsois;ld a-a:n: In 1898 (ai,.a!a::
Of South Ca.onal the Constitution OF hex isn-c 8" Ti
rcseratycs c!r'a:c, by Introducing into il the PIE
else compound lss now proposed I" Us 'y The gentle
1:!%u from Culpcpcr" Alr. lech Of Chesterfield il-o
asserted: South Carolina indm, herself in c;rcunl.
stances similar TO ours though li diversity 81 Interests
i, BIZ no means great there - her" is adopted thai
very compound b,ss of pnTr'st"n auh ;a:at.pu, which
thu ancmt:cnt Of ms i,Ie:li tom CGimpcr proposes
Though j. II matter of small consequence, il appears
to hsY. been well understood il that Convention. 1t
;s been sn;i in.l The w"riI produce. other cya!n."
except South Carolina L may he true hat the iicni
cal apcr:ionne.t lar no. EcrT@de any other Con,itn
ton but rules hare h.: ady.ei Ehic! produce almost
the came results 1hpac safes which have adopted
whit population in ol.c rich AMI taxation in the ether
have ve not equal repre- both, but equal leg
.laTe p9wer-oue Whole branch being based each!
The Congress of l7sS adopted the federal number il the
place of valuation Of lands and buildings the index
Of taxation II WIS admitted by al the leading speak
crs in 80 Judge Marshall amongst pliers, that The fed
erat number aud the amendment Of Judge Green pro-
duccd the same result at that time So that the states
wic! have adopt led the federal number ma be regarded
-anctomny rule approxnsaing this to u co'sscrs
Die extent.
Jheg.r,lcrnau from kauawhs, Or SUMMERS reularl
cd that the mixed basi, was device calculated to de-
ccire the people because il pretended that every voter
has cqt,: rights cannot how 1t il device to de-
ceye the people. III" proposition states expressly that
one half Cf representation Is based upon taxation and
the her half upon white population. There be
lcce tcn 1t i plain as language make ii
Tie pcobe arc obliged to tnow, that when, representa-
ton Is based half upon taxation, where larger taxes
are paid there must be more representation and where
.ail,r t. cs are paid there rll:t bs lcs Representations
i, pr ,prrtnn IL tic sane win. population
The gentleman also told u. rh"t the suffrage b. is was
recognized to . certain extent III the Constitution
Virginia Of 10 i'll respect to borough and city represent
tati9n Curiosity led To look to the section and
four it was recognized - his rxtc;-cctan lo-o,:4s
or cities arc authorized t" send clc;t" but when
any CITY or borough shall decrease, hat tr number
o. persons having right of Suffrage l'a lave bee; Tor
seven successive years, less than half H." number of
crs in some one county in Virginia -a! send
delegate to the assembly presume the words
err county mean. as tie gentleman from kauawlla con-
i.uel them to mean he sal!cs; county. IiM is the
ground upon wic he places tie recognition Of III. sl
Tra,c basis il The Constitution I'll IS
Mr. SUMMERS ask my friend 10 state why dces
the Constitution say that when the number oi electors
shall fall bcuw that Of sun, Oh" cmUuty c.t does
no, s;,y. pn,,Ilatnn instead of electors
Mr. EDMuNDS. think can .i"ca good reason for
That lie will rccpllcct the Constitution Of I'll was
framed before an en,.ncrati" Of III" 's'pnIa;i"n had
been made under the direction ii III" United States II
the enumeration Of The population had preceded The
framing Of the Constitution population might have
been the rule instead of electors Bat population was
NOR. difficult to ascertain, whilst the electors ere
nuay pocd and seven successive years were required
fur .:rcatcr certainty. would infer that they hid in
view the rot all-b"ro system {" the parent country be-
fore any reformation il! the representation Of England
s,Irl stp here und cd