The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-11-14

took steam at 3lst street. and in twenty egh
minutes was getting out of the cars-nineteer
miles from the place of starting. This would have
taken about an hour and quarter on the Balti
more and Philadelphia road, and about an hour or
the New York and Philadelphia and Baltimore
and Washington roads. ! paid thirty five cents
for the passage, or rather flight, the average rate
ofspeed being nearly forty one miles per hour"
| The Prospects OF the Farmers and Planters
OF the Union.
| The recent arrivals from EUROPE bring in
teligence that is little favorable to the accom-
plishment ofMr. WALKERS views in regard tc
the growth Of European demand tor our agricul.
tuIal products, which by this time, under the
"bengn influence" of his wonderful tariff.
should have reached hundreds of millions Of
dollars. Cotton is dull, and prices, as we are
informed, ''favor the buyer" to the extent of
to per pound, or from ST l29 to 81 25 pei
bale, making difference, upon crop of two
millions and half of bales, to the extent OF
| about four millions Of dollars. For breadsuffs
| there is ga fair inquiry at decline;" and Phi
ladelphia and Baltimore flour 'of good quality
sells, freight and duty paid, at lbs. to l8s. 3D.,
or 81 80 to S4 A, netting probably So 90 to
| the shipper. Holders of beef ''are pressing
| but buyers, we learn, are cautious. Shout
ders and hams care dull and lowers" and so il
is to the end of the chapter
Even the Times admits the dulness OF trade
under the system which was to make bread
cheap and manufacturing labor dear Ittellsits
readers that
Al
vinces show some duness. At Manchester the
.monotonous report by the overland mail of the
absence of revival in the Indian markets, coupled
with the decline of cotton Liverpool, has caused
considerable depression. At Nottingham there
has been a satisfactory home demand, but a pause
in the export trade In the woollcn districts there
has been no increase of business or advance in
prices"
We have here depression in the home mar
ket, and depression in the foreign ones The
steady downward tendency in the power of the
poor Hindoos to pay for cotton goods has been
SO often and long repeated, that the report has
become 'monotonous;" while from this country
there is, as it is elsewhere stated, almost no
demand-the day for selling on credit, receiv-
ing in exchange for cloth and iron the bonds
most past. Trade seems, therefore, TO dimin-
ish, instead of increasing, under the British
system, which looks to building up great
foreign trade on the ruins Of the domestic one.
We have now before speech Of Mr.
GEORGE f. YoUNG, recently elected to Parlia-
ment, delivered at a meeting of the working
classes of the Tower Hamlets, in which we
find some facts that may aid us in determining
the great question for our farmers and planters
to wit, that which relates to the probable future
demand for the cotton and breadstuffs, to the
production of which the nation is now bending
all its energies, while closing up the mills and
furnaces that were built, and the mines that
were opened, under the tariff of 1912. Mr.
YOUNG informed his hearers that, but day or
two before, the leading free-trade organ had
furnished to its readers the following nforma-
ton in regard to trade at Birmingham
"rhe contract for guns for the Irish onstabuary
force, and to which reference was made a fort
night ago, has been obtained by small gun
maker of this town. The priceis however so low
that some of the gunmakers who competed for
the order allege that the amount stipulated will
not cover the cost of labor employed in the manu-
facture, even when the men are paid at the pro-
posed reduced rate of wages. The charges for
stocking, finishing, &C., reduced go low, the
journeymen (unke former dayp) can barely
subsist upon the wages which they obtain, and
with which they obliged to be content" Hear,
{ hear.l
We should be glad if our farming readers
would now calculate what are their prospects
among these people for the sale of food, and
If our cotton-growing readers would caIcu-
late what are likely to be the demands for
clothing among people whose reduced wages
will barely permit them TO subsist, and then
to determine how much they gain in year by
crushing their own cloth and iron-making fell
low-citizens, and what they lose in year by
the diminution in the demand upon them for
the supply of the domestic market with food
and cotton, while forcing our whole population
to become producers of those commodities, in
stead of remaining, as they would desire to re-
main, consumers Of them.
Mr.. You've next read an extract from let
ter, which he had recently received from an
authentic source, in relation to the trade in
Spitalfelds, to the following effect
The writer said
Trade in Spialfelds is awful; whichever way
turn hear of nothing but reductions the poor
creatures are literally starving while working.
But do not blame the manufacturers; they can
effect nosales utirghtful sacrifice, and, as a
consequence, they fly to still further reduction
Of wages, which, in fact, only makes things worse
! am stating facts. So much for free trade and
the glorious effects Of the Great Exhibition "
The manufacturers, it here appears, "can eff !
feet no sales without frightful sacrifices"
Wages are being red uced, and the poor crea-
lures are literally starving while working"
We pray the cotton-pIanter to determine how
many such customers as these would be re-
quired to take the place of single hard work
ing American worker in cloth or iron; and then