The New York herald., 1851-09-27

the Argentine confederation, and commencing hos
tilites in direct violation Of the assurances givento
the English minister that no cause existed for max
Jog war the confederation. Ii Is also stated
to-day that the Brazilian army has invaded the
territory Of the Oriental Republic, being concerted
and done so in onjuncton with .he traitor Urquiza,
whose forces, there is no doubt, commenced passing
into the Oriental State a. Paisandri, on the 10Th
inst. IL is not known what measures General Ro-
sas will adopt in view Of these scandLous aggres
sions, but the national feeling is deeply irrta.ed,
and foreigners freely participate in it, foreseeng
that commercial enterprise will undoubtedly suffer,
and probably to very great extent, by these high
handed proceedings Of the Brazilian 20 vernment,
which solely tend TO infict immense evils on the
tile interests connected Herewith, and on the trade
of Great Britain in particular.
! he currency OF this country is still held in the
same estim alton 1t was two months ago-say PSI to
80 dollars per doubloon; and notwithstanding Ur-
quizas detection, and the aggressions of the Bra
lillian government, IN continues to maintain the
same buoyancy. The effects of the drought, which
We mentioned in our last, are gradually disappear
ing. The copious rains We have had have greatly
improved the face Of the country and the cattle
ourishing in every district with the rapidity that
might be expected from the genial nature of the
climate and fertility Of the soil. Consequently, the
export trade, in the ensuing spring, will be:one
again important and advantageous to all.
From the British Packet, July 2s]
Some parties seem to think that though this state
of things may temporarily affect the market OF
Bpenos ayes, 1t III lot inldeuce the trade OF the
River Plate in the same way. or to the same ex-
tent. In Short they say, or rather perhaps Ia
sinuate, that what is not wanted in Buenos Ayres,
will be required al MOnteyideo; and the difference
10 the foreign imp orter they hold 70 be uaimpor-
tant. Now, beg leave to disseat from this con-
clus;on as illogical and un warranted. Ii the pro-
vnces OF EnJre hios ana Carrientes, for example,
are nyeiyed IN civil war within their Own terri-
tories, or 10 what may be called foreign war with
the Oriental republe the certainty is tnat their or
binary means OF assumption, both during the an
ticipated struggle, and for a considerable tGe after
its conclusion, will not only be derangei 4, but
greatly impaired. ne sacrifices and priva.ions
imposed on them by state Of war Will be the
exact measure Of the absolute loss entaied or
foreign commerce; and if the Brazilian empire fro n
choice, and the Argentine confederation from me-
cesslty, become parties 70 the contest, the wider
the sphere of warlike operations the greater the
depression and ruin Of lawful commerce. We con-
sder this view OF the case extremely important at
the present moment, both TO ourselves and TO tue
foreign communities connected with Us by the ties
Of business. A different theory long prevailed in
Europe; but experience has sh own its fallacy. Tne
European Peace Association is the eloquent xponent
Of this great truth. 1t is mere ,orolary from tAe
free trade principles that have been recog niZed and
practically adopted by the greatest commercial
community that ever existed; and the sue e siul
champions of free trade-the great intellectual
notabilities OF the age-are now the jealous and
consistent advocates of universal peace and brother
hood. Commercial men and communities, there
FORE are, Of all others, the most interested In de-
crying wanton revolutions, and the unbridled lust
Of power and domination, tha. necessarily leld to
war; and Is egregous error to suppose that the
mere shifting from one port to another compen-
safe the want of that order and tranquility which
enable people TO produce, to earn, ard enjoy In
ali cir substances it is the Surplus of industrial pro-
ducton that creates and fosters foreign commerce;
and, If the aggregate industry Of q community be
taxed with the support of an unprodpctive army
ard armies however Indispensable in certain cases,
are always unproductive-its ability to patronise
.tA ha fsAr ,,,.aA
Had tbese views been properly understood and duly
appreciated, The perlosus suggestions of the Impe-
rial Cabinet would have met with dife rent recep
ton, at least in the great commercial communities
of Europe; and the honored trader would have been
saved many iIretrievable losses that must now be
aggravated by the reckless ambition Of the same
cabinet. In the natural continuity OF cause and
effect, the foreign importer is reapng the fruits
Of our past interventions and blo,kades, and the
scanda Gus means OF intrigue and seduction to which
they gave occasion; and IL requires little provision
10 predict that the evils cannot be removed or ale
waited by persevering in the course tha. pro-
duced them. Even u new blockade Of the river
Plata measure not likely to be resortei to
would only relieve the actual incubus by cutting off
the present, and shutting the door Of hope tar
human means extend, for the future. IL such Is TO
be the alternative, send us out recruits all the
dregs Of the European revolutions and in due
course you will have tales Of blood and horror
with which to balance your ledger accounts.
The LATEST FRos THE SEAT OF OPERATIONS.
The following letter, da,ed in Psisandu on the
23d, and in Uruguay on the 18th aud 10Th July,
affords interesting details from an eye witness Of
the progress Of the hberatipg army under General
Urquiza, ard Of the intended cooperative move
meLts Of the Brazilian General Conde de Caxiss:-
PAIsANDU, July 2S-7 A. Nj.
found myself in the position, the day before
yesterday, Of having been invited TO assist At the
taking OF Paisandu, which took place on the 10Th.
On the 10th, at one o'clock in the morning. Colonel
Basablvsso crossed the Uruguay at it's junction With
the River Sacra, and landed on the Oriental bank,
ordering mis- movement as TO surround the town.
AT day break the drums beat to arms, and imme-
diatey afterwards General Don Servando Gomez,
with aeolumn Of $40 men, presented himself before
Colonel Basabilysso, and joined his ranks. The
colonel disembarked with the following troops
Three hundred infantry, one hundred of them
under the command OF Captain Seohio Urquiza;
$50 dismounted rinemen, under Commandante Pa
soc; 300 dismoun,ed ri1emen, commanded by Baron
Dugratyj and 10 men o. the generals guard. The
same morning, at eight o'clock, his Excellency
crossed the river, followed by Commandibte
Manuel Pacheco with 900 men, tor whom Gener raj
Gomez, after a short and friendly conference with
biz Excellency, provided horses. | believe these
800 men are 10 be embodied with the $40 brought
in by Lon Servando. The Palavscino division,
comp Jsed Of 800 picked veterans, followed.
The morning OF the 2lst broke calm, but II soon
ccmmenced 20 hail tremendously, susceeied by tor.
rents OF rain notwithstanding which the brave Ar.
gentine soldiers (as General Urquza proudly calls
them) passed the Uruguay in high spirits, singing
rational aiIf; some Of the N, however were Obliged
te tNls chrtyng TIER lances between their teeth,
whilst they guided across the large cavalry horses
the most splendid AT imals have ever seen. With
the mainder Of the Palavecino division an eighty
men Of the generals guard under Captain Cara.
bello, were brought over the baggage wag IN and
ammunition cars in perfect safety. Co this day
also, Il was mai know 20 his Exccilency, that my
friend Colonel Constancio Qbinteros. with two hun
81 ed and fifty Of Oribes soldiers, desirous OF
placing himself under the orders Of General r.
luzs; and in tho afternoon the Conmsndante Don
Marcos Nora alec presented himself with ais squad.
ron 10 join the bberatng army. At The same time,
be chief % this dtpari mert, Don Ventura Coronel,
was taken prisoner. lie had been abandoned by
sil his troops, and fed, but was brought back by
party sent after hin. / was az Paissndu when tue
prisoner va1 brought In. and witnessed his recep
len by the General. The General, on receiving
Dis parole a. prisoner Of war, gave him his liberty
On the 22d, the division Of Coon. venancio Flores
hoscn as the personal escort Of his Excellency, and
200 strong, crosfed the stream. On the 2Dth, Gc-
neral Garzon crossed the Uruguay, AZ the Hev
ttTo Iasage with his column, composed Of the diy-
sion Of Colonel rdirarrsin, numbering !, 400 men,
aud corps of 200 under the charge of Comand ante
Lalazar. On the same day, Colonel VirasOr0 with