The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-04-29
Affairs I'm Turkey.

Affairs I'm Turkey.
From the Journal Of Constantinople Dec. 20
Two days more, and we shall arrive ut the end Of
this year, 1860, of which the commencement, full
OF clouds and grave complications, made n fear
| fatal events. Thank God, the clouds have disap-
peared, the political horizon is bright AID, in spite
of our antcipations, wo have seen the govern ent
continue with pcrsevera its work of reformation
and progress, Notwithstanding the numerous diff
cutcs created by the disorders which, for two years,
| agitated Europe. Thus. that many social
and political questions, which divide nearly all the
western Lations of Europe, have been solved with
out noise, and modesly put in practice at Constan-
tinople.
When Sultan Mahmoud and, lately, II. s. M.
Sultan Abdul-Medjid, undertook to introduce in
the Ottoman Empire reformations inspired by the
many persons who refused to believe in the good
| result of this attempt. But if one examines tho
social position Of Turkey, he will that many of
these new laws have, for long time, taken deep
root and in full effect there. SO far, it is
| true, that the time aiding, firm desire, with
respected WILL reason is always the strongest for
1t is not in an hour, 1t Is not in day. that great
| projects may be accomplished The public opinion
| which to-day governs the world, which overturns
and breaks the most solidy constituted powers first
hostile, has become favorable to the empire, and
| Turkey has conquered now, in all countries, SYM
| pathes that she had never previously had.
| If we look, now, behind, upon the principal facts
accomplished during the last year, we will see that
the government has not failed in its mission of civil
lizaton and progress, and that it has not been UNI
worthy Of the approval of public opinion. We
desire to speak OF measure which seems to US one
| OF the wisest and most important with which the
| government has ever favored the country. Ii il
| obtains the success to which it is entited-and
! everything makes US believe that it must-it will
| be, in contemporary history, ono OF the best
acts of the reign Of the Sultan, and which does
! the greatest honor to tho ministry. There it is,
indeed, in an empire, a greater evil to cxtrpate
than that Of stealing and wasting public money!
/ These are the two great enemies of authority that
the Sultan engaged himself to pursue in all ranks
| n ri If
solemn, for it sworn the Koran, in presence
of all ministers, and he obliged all the pubic func-
touaries, great and small, to engage themselves by
oath, never to give receive any present without
the authorization of the sovereign; to
squander, or let DO wasted by others, the public
money and not to engage employees the service OF
whom would not be useful, or indispensably ncccs-
sary to the administration of public affairs. This
measure, completed by the reform of the many
abuses by the public iunctonaries, is, repeat it,
a decisive event, and tho beginning of a new era
| Nevertheless, all these fruitful principles
tanned in Hatti-Cherif of Gul-llane, and it is
only necessary al favorable time, to make their
| application. Without establishment, We remark
| the important notifications which have taken place
| in the jurisdiction Of the tribunals. These beniii-
| cent laws, Of which we have already stated the
happy resulte, are not cireumscribed TO the CAPT
tai, but they begin to apply them 10 the pro-
vuces. We have recently seen established in Cairo,
Alexandria, and Smyrna, mixed tribunals-the
same that of Const antnople-and we hope to see,
very soon, all the important cities of the empire,
'
| cometce solid guarantees and encouragcments.
| Between the ameliorations which eyory year'en-
| richcd Turkey, there was one, above all, which We
! demanded with all our sympathits. This want, at
last, has been granted, aud soon tho ministers OF
| public works and commerce will be able to open, for
| public accommodation. n large road from Trrbi-
! zande to Er2eronns The creation Of this large way
| Of commerce will offer to trade immense adyan-
tnges WHICH make IA hope that the government will
follow out project, the necessity OF which - deep
~ felt and that il will devote every year. suii-
Gent sum OF money in order to keep IN repair the
roads already existing, aud to cstnblsh new ones.
| The government has not forgotten, for single
moment. that instruction the basis Of iy,lixatiol;
IL follows with the greatest interest the intellcctu
| al movement ditused with rapidiiy in the interior
| vi different provinces of tile empire. Never had
public instruction we'd before greater impulse
| than during the closing year. Constautiaopie
| counts actually i03 schools, OF different degrees,
| $50 primary schools, attended by 22,SU pu-
| pills. Of both sexes. lin order to complete work
which dates back for few years, and which has al
ready given extraordinary results, III. NJ. the Sui
tan, has sent to Europe hcmal Eiendi, in order to
| study IN France, England, Belgium, and Germany,
the organization Of public instruction and the best
4 Turkey.
Important amcora lions have takcn place in the
| army and navy; the active forces of the empire
are powerful and the Minister Of War can. in case
| of war, raise army Of reserve to tho amount oil
| 10000 men. The steam navigation continues to
take great extension; tho steam and sailing fri
gates visit, ut this moment, the military ports Of
| France and England; and although W. greatly
regret the terrible catastrophe which has deprived
| the Turkish marine Of q part Of Is best sailors and
of one Of its most beautiful ships, we will not the
| less render justice TO the imperial government
| which has made such excrtions raise the Otto
man marine to the rank occupied by it as a naval
| power.
| When a power has under its hands such consido-
rable forces It Il possible for II to begin with
| luton, wise aud prudent reforms and IL selfish
biton-it corrupted men, nstigatcd by cup,lity to
old nbuscs-raise the flag Of revolt Whatever be tho
| resources upon which they count, power will no
| doubt crush them. Ii is thus that-thanks to the
devotion Of the army-to tho vacr and ability Of
the chiefs who command it-orlcr has been restored
| in Bosnia, Alep and Damas. Such fats are to be
| regretted but they bring with them important
lessons. They bring to light the firm and energetic
will of tho sovereign, who will quail before
any obstacle, to make tho principles Of the charter
OF Gul-lisnc respected, and to demonstrate the inn
| potcnse OF revolt and anarchy.
Let the who now govern Turkey preserve
| the courage which animatcs them-the work which
| they have undertskcn IL not utopian. The regcnc-
ration of the Ottoman Empire Is, above oil, 10 be
| accomplished by the fratcrnal union OF all the
! members composing the empire. Thus, then,
Christians or Mussulmcn, all must tend to the same
ann-thc strength power and prosperity OF the
common country.