The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-07-04


winch nave connected them with another and 10 assume
among The powers Of the earth the separate and equal
n,i, 70 which Tue laws Of Nature ana o. Naue od
requires that they should declare the causes winch mpei
them 10 the separation
We hold these truths to be self evident: that all men
are created equal that they endowed by thelr creator
with certain unaienabe rights; that among these are
NE, liberty and the pursuit OF happiness that TO secure
nese fPhls governments are Instituted among neh' us
Vng Their Just powers from the consent oil the governed
thai, whenever any form OF government becomes de-
srucve OF these ends, il is the right OF The people to
alter or TO abolish il, aud 10 institute new government
laying It's foundation such principles and Organizing
ITS powers IN such form, as TO them shall seem most
likely TO effect their safety and happiness Prudence IN,
should not be changed for light and transient
and accordingly, all experience hath shown that man
kind disposed to suffer, while evils are suer
able, than to right themselves BY aboshng the forms to
which they are accustomed But when long train of
abuses and usurpaons, pursuing invariably the same
object evinces design TO reduce them under absolute
uespotism, il their right, IL is their duty, 10 throw of
such government and to provide new guards for their
future security Such has been the patient suerance OF
these colonies; and such is now the necessity which
constants them alter their former systems OF govern
ment The history of the present King OF Great Britain
history OF repeated injuries and usupatlons all hav
ing in DIRECT object the establishment of absolute
tyranny over these States To prove this, let facts be
submitted to a candid world:
He has refused his assent TO laws the most wholesome
and necessary for the public good
He has forbidden his governors 10 pass laws OF mme
date and pressing importance unless suspended in their
operation I'LL his assent should be obtained and when
so suspended he has utterly neglected TO attend 10 them
He has refused TO pass other laws for the accommoda
ton OF large districts OF people, unless those people
would relnqush the right OF representation in the egs
lalure-a right inesmable TO them and formidable TO
tyrants only.
usual, uncomfortable and distant from the depository OF
their public records for the sole purpose of faguDg them
into compliance with his measures,
He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly, for
hrmQesS
OF the people
He has refused, for long time after such dssoutons,
TO others TO be eected whereby the legislative
powers incapable OF annhlalon, have returned to the
people at large for their exercsehe State remaining in
the mean time exposed to all the danger of invasion from
without and commissions within.
He has endeavored 10 prevent the population OF these
States for that purpose obs,rucng the laws for natural
zaon OF foreigners refusing to pass others to encou,
age their migration hlther and raising the conditions OF
appropriations of lands.
He has INSTRUCTED the administration of justice, by
refusing his assent TO laws for establishing judiciary
powers.
He has made Judges dependant his will alone for the
tenure of their offices and the amount and payment OF
their salaries
He has erected multitude of Offices, and sent
hther of officers, TO harass people and eat
out their substance.
He has kept among u.s. in times of peace standing
mics, without the consent Of our legislature.
He has affected 10 render the military Independent OF,
and superior 10, the civil power.
He has combined with others TO subject us TO Jurls
dlc0n foreign 10 ConStutiOn ana unacknOWleuBeu
by laws, giving his assent to their acts OF pretended
legislation;
For quaering large bodies of armed troops among us
For protecting them by mock trial. from punishment
for any murders which they should commit on the inhab
iants OF these States
For cutting off trade with all parts OF the world
For imposing taxes on us without our consent:
For deprvng in many cases, OF The Dement'S OF trial
by Jury
For transporting beyond seas. TO be tried for pre-
For aboishing the free system OF English laws in
neghborng province, establishing therein an arbitrary
government and charging It's boundaries, so as to render
1t at once example and BIT instrument Tor introducing
the same absolute rule into these colonies:
For taking away charters, aboshng our most val
liable laws and altering fundamentally, The powers OF
For suspeuding our own Legislatures, and declaring
themselves invested with power TO egsate Tor us in all
cases whatsoever
He has abdcaed government here, by declaring ou,
OF his protection, and waging war against US.
He has pundered seas, ravaged our coasts burnt
towns, and destroyed the lives OF our people.
He is al this time transporting large armies oil loregn
cenaries TO complete the works OF death, desolation,
and tyranny, already begun, with circumstances OF cru
city and pe6dy scarcely parallel ed IN the most barbarous
ages and totally unworthy the head OF civilized nation
He has constrained fellow citizens, taken captive
the high TO bear arms against their country to
become the execuones OF their friends and brethren or
TO fall themselves by their hands.
He has excited domestic instructions amongst us, and
has endeavoed bring the inhabitants OF frontiers
the mercess Indian savages whose known rule oil war
and conditions
In every stage of these expressions have pettoned
Tor redress in the humble terms repeated pet
tons have been answered only by repeated injury.
prince whose character is thus marke by every act
which may define tyrant is unit TO be The ruler OF free
people
Nor have been wanting in attention to British
brethren. We have warned them from time TO time Of
attempts made BY their legislature TO extend
rantable jurisdiction over us We have reminded them
OF the circumstances OF emigration aud settlement
here We have appealed 10 their native justice and mag
nanmity and have conjured them by the ties OF
common kindred, disavow these usurpations which
would inevitably interrupt our connexions and
pondence They, too, have been deaf 10 the voice OF
Justice aud consequently We must, therefore, acqui-
in the necessity which denounces separation,
and bold them bold the rest OF mankind-enemes
IN war, in peace friends.
We therefore, the representatives of the United States
of America, IN General Congress assembled, appealing TO
the Supreme Judge OF the World for the rectude OF
intentions, do, in the and by the authority OF the
good people of these colonies solemnly publish and de-
clare that these united colonies are, and of right ought
be- free and independent States that they absoved
from ell allegiance the British Crown and that all po
ltcal between them and the State of Great
Britain is. and ought to be, totally dissolved and that,
free and independent States, they have full power 10 levy
war; conclude peace, contract alliances, establish
merce and 10 do all other acts and things which indie
pendent States may OF right do And for the support of
this declaration, with hrm reliance on the protection OF
Divine Providence mutually pledge to each other
lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor.
JOHN HANCOCK.
Ne,o HamTshus James Smith,
John Bartlett, George Taylor,
William Whippe, James Wilson,
Matthew Thornton. George Ross
Massachusetts Bay. DnldD1re.
Samuel Adams Caesar Rodney,
John Adams, George Read,
Robert Treat Paine, Thomas Mkesn.