The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-07-17

similar policy q we have already expressed, should
ATTAIN ~ regard e the agricultural lands. having due
regard TO the difference OF objects The donations for
these purposes ought 10 be Target but the occupants and
em9rans should have the right OF obtaining them upon
the same favored terms.
There are causes which exist in regard 10 California
which not only sufficient TO Justify but 10 require
change in the general policy OF the government relative
10 the disposition OF the public domain. To the various
territories OF the United States, prior TO the annexation
OF Texas. the expenses and sacrifices of emigration
comparatively moderate. That has not been nor can
not be, Tor time 10 come, the case with California
We at great distance from the older States, far
within the interior OF which is the seat OF government
In emigrang TO this country, especially with families
OF children the cost. the trials, the pes, great and
numerous He who comes here !, justly entitled 10 the
kind consideration Of the government Every emf
grant adds strength and security 10 The country States
men must frequently look 10 the great future for the
opinions which they form; and IN this view there is no
man who contempales The present condition OF the
world with due regard to accumulang causes, which
are daily pressing powerfully upon all International
interests, without being sensible OF the fact that il
not be many years before the present peaceful relations
OF Europe will be changed. Our policy PROFESSIONALLY.
following the direction OF public sentiment, will be 10
preserve our peaceful attitude and faithfully to keep the
alliances with none. But, situated are, with
ried, intimate, and valuable commercial interests with
the civilized world, imposs BILE TO foresee how far
might be affected by the OF others. And 10 the
OF the United States whose ships OF war re-
qure at least from five 10 six months to reach coast
II becomes matter OF the deepest interest to have with
III anu laitniul pOpulduOn
and patriotic people reliable and more power
tul than ali Amy with banners. That if destroyed,
they make but TO gather together that great people,
and place them under the highest moral Influences. is
the part OF the wise and the patriotic statesman Look
ing TO this noble end OF government il unquestonably
the policy OF our republic to postpone indefinitely any
attempt 10 make the public lands OF California source Of
revenue great and patriotic population here IS OF
more value than land and gold Ills priceless in the es
mate OF public advantages and it carries with il the
surance OF strength and safety for the future We have
Init tho oil lopIa and
will obtain respect and consideration from the rest OF our
American brethren. The time has gone by when i is
either necessary or proper Tor the American republic to
attempt to make money by the sale ofpubc lands. When
we were young and needy,it right but we are now
ch great, and powerful and the time has when
can afford to be generous and just to people who constr
tute our national strength and greatness The grant OF
the public lands OF California to its citizens who here,
or may come here, makes it also consideration of pub.
lie interest to those entertaining such views, that OF all
the large grants which are claimed or pretended 10 be
claimed, not single one ought to be held to be good,
except has been made in conformity with law, and is
clearly within the purvew OF the treaty with Mexico in
should be rejected and that every foot of land should be
reserved to the future and occupancy OF the people, to
which they justly entitled. On the other hand, we
are IN favor Of the maintenance OF every right which is
lawful and that wrong should be done man because
ne the fortunate possessor OF large tract by Just and
legal title.
Before we close this address is proper that we should
advert 10 some OF the leading differences OF opinion which
have separated widely the democratic and the federal
parties. As there some OF the citizens OF California
who have but recently obtained that relation TO the Uni
briefly, the origin and progress Of the two parties
Although time has passed both into the adoption OF
views in regard to some features OF policy which have
arisen out OF the variable incidents OF history there
still remain some Of those fixed and wide differences
which were then founded principle and will probably
continue for indefinite period unalterable There
things which, at first founded upon honest differences OF
opinion in the process Of time enlist parliaes and
preadces and take their character of moderation vo
lence from the circumstances which surround their advo
Gates In speaking, however, upon this subject de-
TO do in the spirit OF Justice and candor may be
unfortunate for those who. having found original
name too Odious 10 be worn, cannot, the adoption OF
new one, escape the identity OF the first; but il is
duty TO trace the connection which exists between the
present party, with whom contend, and the federass
of the times of l7ss. lew words will enable TO
do this.
The convention which assembled to form the consttu-
ton of the United States contained the elements which
gave projeclveness to those two aniagonstc parties
The leader OF the oae was Thomas Jefferson, who was
not member of tina, body; of the other, Alexander
Hamllton-boh, PROFESSIONALLY. patriotic men, and
pable OF producing the impress OF their powerful minds
upon those who were around them The latter looked
upon the government OF England the most perfect sys-
tenn which the wisdom OF man could devise the former
drew more largely and condngly from the master States
OF Greece and Rome. General Hamilton entertained an
honest dstrus OF the competency OF the people for self
government; Mr.. Jefferson read the spirit OF the age diff
ferenty, and more prophetcally The the father
OF the federal party; the other OF the democratic Gen
n
that which adopted Mr. Jefferson was in favor of
the most popular system and free reliance upon the SUI
frages OF the people After the adoption OF constlu
uon General Hamilton maintained the rule oil consuc.
ton Tor II which was SO laiudinal that II possible
TO exercise almost any powers under by the
OF the respective branches OF the government Mr. JEFF
ferson insisted that the constitution should be construed
strictly In accordance with the opinions OF those ds,in-
gushed men, the two parties shaped their political
In conDexion with General Hamilton, the federal party
were IN favor OF Bank OF the United States. and the
same views which induced them 10 support this measure
led them subsequently TO maintain high protective
tariff exclusive OF any reference 10 revenue, and The
night oil the national government 10 construct roads and
canals without limitation Conformably to their views
OF policy they IN favor OF strengthening the powers
OF the central government There many other points
in the history OF the federal party which are compel
led 10 omit Tor the purpose oil breyy but those leading
features sufficiently distinct, great political land
marks, to guide US in tracing the connecting links be-
tween the old federal party OF l79s and that federal
party OF the present day which rsDoces in having added
an alias TO that venerable which long borne
by Hamilton by Adams, and host OF their distinguished
champions The leaders who are now al It's head have
all conended with great zeal and ability Tor the very pol
icy which Gen Hamilton first originated. II they do not
entertain those principles they are unfortunately with.
out any, Tor system has been proposed by them
which has found its way 10 the public The last we
heard OF them WAS in the dying struggles OF the United
States Bank and the enactment OF the high protective
and unjust tariff OF ls42 !, is that with them,
this moment, the idea OF Bank OF the United States
Obsolete and they sensitive al being suspected
of any favor TO high protective tariff But incident
like thss neither surprising IN the history OF lndvid-
uas nor oil parties Sklful men do not pass beyond the
demand OF the occasion. The present federal party,
who are IN possession of the government, have found
the policy OF the democrats perfectly convenient to
the extent OF the much abused and
sub-ueasury. But there has been. by them, no formal
renuncaon OF the ancient creed OF their party and
CPTtalpIy q