Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-07-22

person IN the Pursu'. o1her Here there is mutu-
deny Inc same of right each has an equal
RIGHT neither can den, IT'S cNeFcis' ~ ~, ;,, br,
so would be not cmf TO exercise h,a Nv" e.; ,he
so' ~" ~ no;ber power not belonging 10 hliA' u'e
"ou'u a'ul ,b free action Oi his ncIghbor TINS,
,xr,nny-rank tyranny, an usurPalioh,
sN, This mutual right must DC preserved
a;nst thc usurpatlon, because ms o. vii,
seulu % .o observance of these rights which belong
ehto.. I'D every Individual: answer, The govern
" .bccau.e government IS louhaea upon a''u y
70 enforce, such rights oil each person as may
orc., and are essential to each person 10 ch"!cc
DC I;,;on of the union of men, by which their so
' - and individuality may co-cXst. Government
trciore is intended to protect cach person III inc en-
NJ all free aud uncontrolled action, i!!at arc reg
nla,cd by The rules oil justice. nut ~" on! ,s - -
io 10 protect the citizen in the use and exercise
III those merely personal rights which relate 10
- 49, ,lat is property. ! on cannot tail TO observe.
n hairul.,l that whilst government Is bound TO pro-
~, o in the exercise of his individual actions when
- "a MS own individual things, il ls not and CANNOT
~ ,cpa.cl those personal actions and ind!Vid"ai
r;nrs If il were, it would degenerate INTO con
untii,lc espionage upon the pirate conGGc o. per-
:o.l No sir it is based upon the rights whIcE one
nam caias as against another and al others. SO icHg
" man is man he is compelled by his nature TO maIi'
MIN hi, Individuality. Tits he does t'y Inc accH:nua
10, al property by using all the means Cod has placed
=. his command 10 enable him 20 secure IT, II IS wo''.
crfl hos l!c wisdom Of the Almighty has provl!c'!
nan with the means, moral ard physical 10 establish
,iu,. AMI advance his Individuality lie is ca
.:h the sen;a qualities, in the first place, which .!
r,l.a! Development. enables him 10 use The !ys!nai
,eans placed ri his command 10 still advance am Ee-
hold the trenng treasures Of the earth lis SOIL It's
fertility lis boGndes capacities for productions IL
minerals. its Jewels, lis endless and Infinite rIchcs-so
ra.d so sublime thai God alone could produce them
Who can fathom the treasures of the seas-Sho c"n
vet tell ALL this migty and eternal wonder was i'icna.
ed for: Who can tell the secrets of Tie ric"icss ar:
Who unfold the uses of fire. Yet earth, lre. vale
air what are they wilhou, The divine spirit OF mai
ooE how his hand has fashioned all things Look -
the glory tina, surrounds him he moves on the male
rial world towards the destiny intended Tor ms :prf
.,iabe intellect The earth IS made 10 E!cd up hcr
products and her III: waves OF Tic ocean
are compelled into obedience IRE Is ou' eFs'"' anu
even the lighninss wait pages in his nnt;cit;Etc'
Still in all this wondrr!ul-wonderl power ol mat
IN al the seeming fusion. as II were, oil hici Ia ihc
different nations his individuality Is perserrcd, and &c
stands separate and distinct as man lrcn all other mc'
All Tie bound css wealth of the whole word is srpari-
ted irio an infinite number OF parts. Of which each one
Possesses greater less amount a his own distinct
ron that possessed BY any other person. This coN,l!-
cs man As an individual person like his mofoy il Is
his own, and cannot DC shared with others YOU look
a: his relations citizen, you will find The rules Of
hi, obligations towards other persons distinctly de-
lined as clearly marked out As Lis individuality i,
cerlained But here the connection is longer with
a material thing. 1t assumes the c!aractc" o! raiiGS
aud establishes what nave called tc basis oi gov
trnncni.
With the desire Of property spring naturally The dis
ccrcres which have greatly enabled increase
ii with his advancing condition, the rules Of well
considered and elevated morality better developed
The family and its ties served TO improve further this
moral law, and then society extended the Of
ilness and enlarged the area OF social ideas Without
society man would be shorn of all his greatness ii2
tcrcoucse fellow feeling, no generous sympathes,
no great fear of public opinion religion Industry
ould be aiuless intellectual ADVANCEMENT n; an cL,
SCIENCE taste music, IL the arts the cultivation of the
beautiful great and expanded ideas Of Justice, mora!
laws. commerce, all would disappear. il Short, lc
would sink down to subsistence man wola be stripped
0: his humanity. The condition ofcirZed man, We
see him now, is the result OF few wears progress
is the condition obtained BY centuries Of slow am!
painful advancement slow, too slor perhaps has been its
march, for it has had pass the troubled and
my sea Of passion 10 overcome armies. 10 enghtcn IL
sjrance But now fully is the principle fixed forever,
kat the government Of man is moral government,
10 enforce moral rights between That suc!.
is the end of government, cannot TANK be Gues-
toned, when consider that there 70 right,
10 enforce but moral rights which always equal
between aud man When we say, therefore,
that man is equal 10 man, we mean that his rights are
equal that the extent and value OF each man Interest;
in the maintenance Of lis right is co-cXleGsiye This
principle Seems nos conceded all sides, and is at
tested b. the fact that all agree, that each male citizen
OF this commonwealth shall have his equal voice IL the
selection Of the agent, the representative IN the eg!S.a-
tive department. 1t would be difficult 10 show any
sound for refusing equal representation to The
same number of voters every quarter Of the Stale
where an cqua vote is given To each separate person
Can any one tell me- if voter here is only equal ~ 3:
voter west of the mountains, why five hundred, aav
other number of voters west, should not elect an equal
De pu,ation with the same number east have shown
that the basis OF government the equal right Of each
individual In order, therefore to ascertain the
number OF equal rights, you must enumcratc the
persons entitled them. If that done. then the pro-
position contend for is the only and equal basis
OF government.
hold. Air. Chairman, this power, this i."isiblc au-
tlorty which exercises powerful influence among
all people in all conditions, is necessity which springs
from the laws ordained By nature 10 advance
and that he more live without government than
he can without society, or without maintaining his in
tividuali;y. 1t is primordal necessity, that flows
from the nature Of the laws which constitute CONTROL
ng power in man. That there exists amongst every
people power, somewhere, to prescribe rules, enforce
lights and protect persons aud those things pertaining
persons from infringement, IS unquestoncd, Il UNI
;cr.al and is therefore natural. How ali-perradns,
low universal, how mysterious, is III power OF this
;ast and invisible and mperislablc agent. With tie
rong arm that may resist, penetrates into all
he relations of man to man, to beasts or things never
,erishing, never sleeping energetic vigor-
ms ALWAYS powerful 1t commands and compels us to
10 that we condemn disapprove Restraints and pro-
,bts us from doing that desire 10 do it protects
our property deprves US of it asserts or deprvcs
ne Of my liberty compcls me to use arms, or Furnishes
nc for using them; represses vice. advances virtue;
beaues improves establishes institutions
If Learning; provides asylum for the wrctched, or
dungeons for the vicious; clcayes mountains, unit.s
Instant rivers constructs public highways. What is it.
Why do we obey when we do not fear: Why do VIC in
,oke the law guard i'll all relations, TO shield
Is in danger to protect from HARM Why does it
Use up bidding, and spread its panoply all
iIings that pertain to man! Why it is nsepara5le
rom man, that it can only TO exist when man
annhlated: Sir, it is bccasc 1t is the express
mpicd will of human society! To these and TO
thousand other relations of man with man, docs the law
xeId 1t has not only to preserve invlolae the rights
II man with man, and hi, individual rights, by which,
cpcat, mean life liberty, property lis possession aud
lie right TO acquire it; but has higher and noblcr
md to subserve. 1t is bound to furnish TO each indvid-
la the of obtaining that which nc could obtain
ngy and which is essential 10 secure the end and pur
pose of his webeing what he cannot obtain sgly,
will not obtain sugly. Oi the two first classes, those
nc cannot those he ought TO obtain singv,
would instance the redress of private injuries Of the
class, would instance the construction and
ieeping in order public highways, establishment and
of public sbhools-hccausc the burtlcn is
90 great be borne by the citizen singy therefore
hey to be afforded through aud conformity with
;icy. Of course expect TO DC understood meaning
heSe things are DC urnised By government upon such
prn lftrnE nlN x,