The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-12-18
Austria In Is4s and IsA9.

Austria In 1S4S and lS49s
BY WILLIAM II. Stiles, LATE CHARGE D'AFFAIRRs OF
THE UNITED STATES AT THE COURT OF VIENNA.
This is the title Of Q promised publication, fro n
the pen Of our late representative at the court Of
Vienna from the MS. OF which We offer to read
ers several passages Of interest; Mr. styles was
the imperial government His adv antages for elu
cdatipg the vexed questions now agitated concern.
ing that great topic of Importance, and We trust
win be fully improved in his forthcoming book.
This work, we understand, is not confined solely to
the Hungarian question, but embraces compre-
hensive view Of the whole Austrian system, as de-
yeloped in the different provinces of the empire
The mode by which tie various once independent
nations, now composing the Austrian empire, were
brought under the imperial sway, is clearly traced
by the light of history, down to the period of the
Congress Of Vienna, in 1916, as some preliminary
knowledge on these matters is needed, in order to
appreciate the importance Of recent events.
very full, interesting chapter is then devoted to
view Of the Austrian foreign policy, and internal
administration, from ISIS to the period Of the revo-
lutionary struggles in 1913. The events whish fol-
lowed, in the different portions Of the empire, so
full of ORA matte interest," are then given in detail,
with all the fidelity and spirit of an Intelligent eye
wi'ress. The events which occurred in the March
and October revolutions in Vienna, the progress Of
tie Hungarian campaigns, the fearful scenes Of the
bombardment Of Prague and of Venice, the insur
rection of Milan, and the campaigns in Italy, re-
suhing in the final overthrow of the Sandman
ferces at NOvara, are portrayed with striking and
We find the following alusion to Mr. Stiles, in
an extract from work in the London Eraminer Of
Oct. %, entitled Kossuth and Magyar Land" by
Charles Pridham, late Tinas correspondent in Hun
gary:-"After pretty severe handling of some Of
the officials of the British Embassy in Vienna, he
goes to say AT short distance from the Bril-
fish lies the American Embassy. Thither / next
directed my steps In the person of Mr.. Stiles, the
Ambassador, / met with finished gentle man and
profound jurist. Mr.. Stiles, as soon discovered,
lad directed considerable attention to the Hunga-
rian struggle and the past history Of that country
He assented readily to the opinion expressed, that
it would be difficult. to find an impartial jurist in
Europe or America that could take other than one
view Of that important question He had been
made medium Of com munication with the A us rian
goverpue nt by Kossuth, but the nature of the pro-
posas now N ade by the former was of 8, unpracti.
cable a character, supported as they were by the
Russians, as to appear altogether untenable.'"
The following are from Mr.. Stiles's Ms -
KossUTH AND THE AMERICAN MINISTER.
"About the same time another opportunity pre-
sented itsef for the settlement Of the unhappy diff
fculties which distracted the two countries, but
which the imperial government, in the proad con-
sciousness of its inexhaustibie strength, thought
proper to disregard. At the solicitation of Louis
kossu.h President Of the Committee Of DE fence,
in Hungary, the Charge d'Affaires of the United
States at the Court OF Vienna on the Sd of Decem.
Der, lSis, made application TO the imperial govern.
ment, with view to initiate the negotiations Of
armistice for the winter, between the two armies
sar ding the frontiers Of Austria and Hung iry,
and TO stop the calsmities OF war 30 fatal to the
interests o. both countries
"This application Gas Mr.. Webster, Secretary
oil State of United States government, ad vises Mr.
Hulsemsnn, Charge d'Afaires of Austria,) became
the subject Of conference between Prince
Schwarzenburg, the Imperial Minister for Forei On
Affairs, and Mr.. Stiles The Prince commended
the eonsiderateness and propriety with which Mr..
stiles had acted, and so far from dsapproving his
Interference. advised him, in case be received a
further communication from the re revolutionary 90
Hungary. a ha N intery w
Prince Windischgraiz, who was charged by the
Emperor with the proceedings determined on in
relation to that kingdom.
A week after these occurrences, Mr.. stiles re-
eeived, through secret channel, q communication
signed by L. kessuth, President Of the Committee
OF Defence, and countersigned by Francis Pulzsky,
Secretary OF state. On the receipt OF the commu.
nication, Mr.. stiles had interview with PRICE
Win tisebgratr, who received him with the utmos,
kindness, thanked him for his efforts toward
reconciing the existing difficulties, but replied
In substance as follows - | can do nothing In
the matter must obey the orders Of the I'm
peror.' Hungary mus, submit Il win occupy
Ptsth with my troops, and then the Emperor m usi
decide What Is TO be done a cannot consent u
treat Sith those who are in q state Of rebellion
1.-The course Of the imperial government wa,
fixed, and from motives CT pride sell Of policy
nothing short of the uncondit onal submission o
Hungary, as Prince Windscbgratr stat ed, would
at that time Tor moment be listened TO
1.-Two recent victories over hls own discipline
and III armed subjects, had given the young En-
peror a confidence In the nvincibility OF his troop,
which nothing could shake. Prague, battered BY
the cannon OF Windischgratz, had been but sher,
time previously redu ced to . state of the most
fawning subserviency. and Vienna beseg 3D. not BY
Turks, but by overwhelming force Of Austrian
troops, had just surrendered and lay in all lie ago
nies prostrate at his feet.
But as great an obstacle " the success Of nego-
tstiens ~ this time arose from the fact, that the
constitvtOnsl prvilf ges Of Hungary had ever been
athorn 10 the side Of Austria and the Sehwsrtzen-
burg cabinet had arrived at the conclusion tina; the
present was a most favorable moment TO rid them
selves OF these troublesome encum brances.
10 vas the boast Of Wentworth, Earl Of STRAIT
ford, when Ficeroy Of Ireland, that he had made
hirg Charles, in that island, as abso ute a. any
prince IN the world could be, and the ambition OF
the EngEsh statesman seems 10 have been the
leading Motive which characterized the policy OF
Schwaftzeoburg's government Of Hungary.
The Ifonra Gasafs, the acknowled dyed organ
OF the imperial cabinet in its imyrudent
over the trianphant commencement Of the cam.
paigr, thus exposes the fixed policy Of the ministry
The Magyar tribe Is now being thrown back upon
iis geographical territory, and the kingdom o.
Hsogafy, such as II has been, lies in its agonies
after existing Tor thoussnd years lite history is
ended, its iuturc Belongs to Austria
same scenes f,om that " Had Of Woes the
siege Of venice
TuE .sLL or VENICE
Towards the end o. July, toe incessaHt roar OF
capnors which for thirty two days and nig hts with
out inter mission, hs6 continued TO sound and re.
sound USon the ear OF the venetians, began now,
from sos' cause unkaova TO them, gradually to
subside. ~ some this CESSATION OF nsstilities on
the part o. the Austrisbs vas sscribed 70 the pre-
paraiion necessary for and more terrible
mode 81 attack. And skas added force to this
ovrecivre, vas 'he intelligence which had reached
them that Marshal Ra5etzky was then az Mestre
bufl! gsgoi in inspecting al the works, and ss-
perintenorg t5e construction If strong hovits or
bate ries at ST Guliano and other inpor ant posi-.
tions; which bad hitherto remained unoccupied.
Otbsrs very naturally supposed tkst the enemy.
Ending 9 useless expenditure Of powder and shot,
mad abandoned tbe idea Of taking the city by
stofm AMI we're resolved TO wait untg starvation
ahsud accomplish What their arms could not effect
Ald a. the city began now TO experience the 6cst
effects Of famine, this seemed for tie mopent the
more probable COZ clusioo.
The crowds around the bakers shops we're Already
80 dense that several persons had been pressed to
sesth Meat sud vine vsre almost Completely
exhausted. and bread Of the worst quality er seed
II gly scarce Notwithstanding these severe de-
Nahds upon their patriotism and courage, public
opinion IN Nenlce on the subjee, Of resistance was
sos Unchanged; the people seened still resolved
nj 20 ~ IL