The New York herald., 1851-08-06

United States. as a source frsn which large free
coiored population might be derived sud Though Il
unquestionsn Ole that much discrimiuatisn n ne.
cessary IN the choice Of the people, whose emigrs-
tion 10 Jamaica would be useful and desirable still
we are convinced that there is large number of
persons in the Southern States whose transfer to ia
naica would be OF the greatest value at the
memeRt. " hat we want in Jamaica is popula-
| tion-a population whose numbers shall, in some
measure, press upon the means 0fsubsistenoe. Ame-
rica could supply hundred Thousand fthess every
Of whom would be useful as an nhsbitant, if he
we're not valuable as an agriculturst. But If the
people we're carefully selected; and if none but the
really industrious were engaged to emigrae to ia
maica, on the assurance that they would receive
ready wages, in proportion to the work they per-
formed we are of opinion that most most valuable
addition might he made to the population OF Ja-
maica, by means ofimmigration from the United
States.
voluntary expatria,ion Of the American blhcks.
The American antislavery societies offer the
principal obstruction to the emigration OF this class
Of American people; and next to these societies.
"the African Colonization Society,"" whose efforts
are directed to the establishment Of black repub
Lie the coast Of Africa under the designation Of
Liberia, has offered impedments 70 the emigration
Of free colored people to the West ladies', which, If
continued, might still operate injur;ousy to tho
efforts which being made to induce the colored
people to migrate to q climate infinitely better
suited to their constitutions. and to a community
whose liberal institutions offer civil advantages 20
States.
1t would appear. however, that the African Colo.
nization Society is not likely to oaer any further
resistance to the emigration Of the coored people Of
America to amaica. We have much qualification
in subjoniug very interesting, letter Of Henry
Clay, Esq, addressed to MIR. Thomson Hankey,
Of Lendon, on this very important subject-a letter
which is deserving Of the deepest consideration Of
the people Of Jamaica. There sre large number
Of worthless free people in the United States; bu.
there are also a vast number Of colorcd people
whose residence in Jamaica would be Of indnite
value Let us try If we cannot secure these latter.
lndiscrimnste emigration from America would be
trious people from the South would help in our
present dearth of labor and we hope every effort
will be directed to trial Of this the readest and
the cheapest means Of recruiting our laborng popu-
lation.
We cam OF conclude our observations better than
by publishing the following letter from
MR.. CLAY To MT. HANKEy.
have received from Thomas asnIey S Jr' " EsS. OF
London memorandum respecting the removal Of free
blacks the United States to the British India
colonies in regard to agricultural labor; aud
any information which l may be able to communicate,
great pleasure in complying with Mr. Hankeys request
as far as it is in my power.
sr,aun, i' to aba1,t baf million rhe exass nS%Ser
will be seen existed in 1850, when the taken
in that year shall be published That coloed population
Is dispersed throughout the wholo United States but
most concentrated in the two States Of Virginia and
Maryland. 1t consists Of numbers who born free,
their ancestors many years ego having been omanci
psted and others who have been recently libe-
rated the disposition OF large portion Of this colorcd
population IL to prefer residence in cities vii
lagos where they pet form the menal Offices Of life and
the lower Of labor that proportion Of them
are congregaed cities and what apply thco
to agricultural labor, have means OF accurately
ascertainre. bat think it probable that about half
Of the whole coored population is engaged 10 these
peotive pursuits Taken entire class they
mproyident and thoughtess race addicted to habits Of
vice much extensively than any other portion Of
exceptions Their condition in this respect Is perhaps
partly owing to tho physical and intellectual constu
tion Of the African race but mainly TO the degrad
position which they occupy in the United States where
they do net ana probably enjoy equal priy
leges, social aud political, with the whites.
have doubt that 1t would cor duce the happi-
OF both races, the blacks removed from the
United States by colonization repatriation; but that
object is with regard to the slave portion Of
that population whilst their bondage continues exist
in the United States. How long that will be only
be matter Of conjecture NY opinion, long aud de-
berstely enttrtansd is tina. as they are held In sa.
very fer the purpose Of obtaining supply of
labor slavery viii Whenever BY the increase Of the
cheaper than that of the black.
But although separation Of the slave portion Of The
hacks iIuGceablo, IN consequence Of their being
held In slavery obstacle exists with regard the fcc
portion Ct tho black population, and every passing
ton Ia many Of the states laws have bee~ eepara-
| rigorous penalties. to prevent the pas'ea WIN
frcm settling in them, and j. .fec pecI.e O cpior
proIosa. is De'n ,c.is,y rnade 70 exnar;,,c ts"r
yipcca C. ---s-s. go thoroughly have been con.
NE Efeat length Of time, Of the expcdicucy Of
.cnoya! Of the free blacks iron the United States,
That in cooperation With others aiming the same
opinion, upwards of thirty years ago We established
me American co!Oniiaiion society for Transporting
them, with their own consent to the western coast Of
s.oa. and subsequently planted the colony of Uberi,
There appeaa 10 VS. e b. combination o NOR power.
fu motives for co,cnisps those peorle In Africa than
any where eso. There they would be returned TO the
country from which ther came their consti-
aSns were well sdap'ea to the elm ate, and they
introduction Of Christianity the arts and civilization
into Africa. We have had encouraging In the
work of African colonization, snd to pcrsevere
in H. We persuade ourftyeS that the foundations OF
great republic empire have been laid the western
coast t Africa and that ultimately Il may be made the
asylum Of large number of the free colorcd people Of
the United States and OF tho-e In future that, from
| whatever cause, from time 70 time become free.
But although for the reasons alrtsy stated havea
decided preference for Africa any other country
colonizng the tree blacks Of the United states there Is
no ncoB patiby between the object Of transporting
them TO Africa and that Of sending them to the British
West India colonies whether they go to the the
whites in the ned states and placing them where they
enjoy privileges social and political equality and
| happiness which uiey cannot realize here will be
equally accomplished BY going, indeed, to the West
India colonies, they would not execute tho mission Of
religion and ciyui:aton which, we hope, they might
| fulfil by emigration TO Africa
There laws hs far know of any Of the ststos
opposing obstacles to the removing Of these people to
the West India colsnes. ON the contrary, such re-
moyal would be perfect conformity with the po,ity
which prevails in most Of them. The American Cooni-
zaton Society has found IN the abolitonts Of the Uni
ted States constant opposition to the African colony
They all the arsin their power to dissusde the free
people Of color from voluntarily going to Africa and
i their exertops have been attended with success
But think the free blacks are becoming less aud ess
disposed to listen to the isceyous councils 81 their
pretended abolition friends But In any project o. n-
ducirg them TO the West India colonies IN szme
| source Of oppo-ition ought to he anticipated.
How far the free blacks may be inclined emgrate
TO the West India Colonies not able to say and Il
can perhaps only be scertsined BY actual experiment
must however frankly say, that think considerable
difficulty would be encountered Some years ago. con-
siderable numbers were induced TO GO to ST. Domingo;
but many of them uDdertcod returned discontcrted
and dissatisntd Degraded their condition is in the
Unit States the means Of ubst tence here greet
that their physical wants generally well supplied;
they are apparently contented and happy and many of
them arc u.wng TO leave the country Of their birth
and tho fcencs TO which they have been alvays
temed we nae found thcse causes operating sgsinst
the American Colonization sooy but not to an extent