Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-07-19


like Tans in the play become enamored Of the long Of
Bottom or learn to tolerate and admire the hybrid msnal
smsIgamaon that genders race Of literary Caibans un-
weldy behemoths like Carlyle, the biggest born" Of the
English Species and amphibous creatures such as do"
German into English for popular magazines, without UNDER
standing either.
AN ACCOUNT OF AN APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING Ar
TRITON BETWEEN THE SURFACES OF SLIcIoUs
SToSxs VAcUo, IN GASEOUS MEDIA, AND FoR
DETERMInIss wHgrHER THE CONSEQUENT ODoR AsD
CoRRUscArIoNs ARE OzosIrIcATIoN. Com
municdted at meeting Of the Franklin Institute, April
II, 1851 byDr HARE, member Of the Institute, Emer
tus Professor Of Chemistry in the University Of Penn.
syluania and Associate the Smithsonian Institution.
FROM THE JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE.
Dr. HARE submitted to the attention of the meet
ing an apparatus for ascertaining whether the phe-
nomena attending the attrihon of pieces of slick,
when rubbed briskly together, had any thing in
common with those ascribed by Sch6nbien to a
supposed new halogen body, named by him ozone,
made the following remarks:
The odor which results from electrical excitement dis
charges between opposey electrified bodies, had long been
familiar to electricians This odor Is Of nature 70 recall
that OF phosphorus to oil acquainted with the smell which this
substance has when slowly oIydzing in the air, while to
those unacquanted with the odor Of oxydzng phosphorus
the universally known odor of burning sulphur has been cited
exempli6caton. Hence the often repeated allegation
Of suphureous smell being consequent TO the passage OF
lightning similar property likewise observed in oxy-
gen which had been excated from by elecrolyGs
observed like odor about twenty i've years ago. when
large tube used in the Inflammation Of explosive mixtures Of
hydrogen snd atmospheric air, burst BY the process
well upon other occasions when similar bursngs ensued
Sch6nbien, who has attained much celebrity the nven
Of gun cotton the first to associate phenomena of the
kind alluded to under one view and 70 show that the air
which had acquired the odorous property in question: how
obtained, had certain chemical properties in common
These properties analogous to those displayed by chlo
rne bromne, Iodine fuone and cyanogen, which const
ute tho halogen class of Bezeius and hence the dstn-
guhed investigator conceived that they might be due to
body Of that class which had escaped detection
To this supposed body he gave the Of "ozone from
Greek words which signify the production Of odor.
Az cyanogen known to consist OF two atoms OF carbon
and Of cyanogen, would not pro seem to be
onabe that another body should be formed deserving to be
ranked in the same class.
Lattery Sch5nben has advanced the idea that ozonaon
may be owing to combination consisting OF peroxide Of hy
dogen and bioxde of nitrogen in other words of oxyge
mated and nitric oxide. But this inference seems to
have been nvadated by experiment made by De Ia Rive
and Margnac. These distinguished chemists ozonized oxy-
gen by passing electric sparks through the while excu
svely occupying tube in which it had been evolved from
choate poassa previously fused and consequently devoid
of moisture
Hence Bezelius and other distinguished chemists deemed
reasonable to ascbe the pheaomena to peculiar state Of
oxygen.
had long been known that certain elements capable
of very different states for instance carbon n the forms
Of nder charcoal anthracite, plumbago and the diamond
According Professor Draper chlorine after exposure to
the solar rays becomes capable OF combining with hy
drogen under feeble illumination.
This diversity s displayed many instances BY bodies in
what has been called their nascen sae which n assumed
Just they escape from combination. Under these ccu-
stances they will combine with elements for which, usually
they display no affinity Thus nitrogen, exists in the
atmosphere shows affinity either for carbon or hydrogen
yet when nascen forms with hydrogen ammonia with car
bon cyanogen On this account have concued in opinion
with Bezeus that the phenomena ascbed to ozone may be
caused by oxygen in peculiar state.
1t requisite to mention that among the tests OF the pre-
Of ozonzed air. the mixture Of starch paste with solu-
ton Of iodde potassium the most delicate This depend
ant upon inexplcable but property Of starch
to be rendered blue by very minute portion Of free iodine
very small addition Of chlorine, BY sezng an equivalent
portion Of potassium beraes enough iodine blue
ness the mixture and in like very small propor
of ozonzed whatever may be its renders starch
blue by like procedure.
In like manner by exposure ozonized strips of paper,
drenched with ncture of gum guiacum, rendered blue
these changes would have resulted from the presence Of
chorne and neither that other Of the known halo
gen bodies could be present. the agency Of undeected
body of that class was reasonably to be inferred.
Having given this preliminary brief sketch Of the state Of
knowledge respecting ozone, is time to proceed to
plain its connexion with the convance of the apparatus be-
| fore this assemblage.
1t had occurred to me that the smell and coruscations
arising from the attiton Of scous stones, brskly rubbed
against each other might be due to some cause analogous
IDENTICAL with that to which the phenomena OF ozone are
| indebted for their existence.
Nothing could be unaccounable than this odor That
cannot be due to any organic matter entering into the com
position the quartz must be evident In the first place. be-
the smell is produced by the pures and most anspa
specimens Of rock crystal in the regular form and in the
place. because ignition to bright edness does not
stroy diminish the property.
One thousand grains Of cellular horn stone, French burr
ignition above stated, ost five gainsha is to say
per cent Of its weights without however, losing the property
Of producing light and smell.
occurred to that might help to remove the mystery,
were an apparatus constructed by which the atron Of ST.
cous might be made efcacousy than could be
effected by operator unaded by mechanism Having
gested this idea my FRIEND Professor Henry, he said that
might have such apparatus constructed the expense
the Smithsonian Institution The apparatus, which before
| the meeting, was made accordingly.
Two pgmy mill -stones each inches in diameter,
made Of cellular horn sone known vugay French burr
and resembling those used in mills were procured and
supported in the usual way, above the other except
ing that the upper hangs " means OF bolt upon spiral
spring of brass we sustained by OF ron resting upon
nuts upheld by four iron rods each inserted at its lower
end in circular plate of iron, to be equidistant
from each other The surface Of the iron plate is turned true
to enable it to airpump plate. rests upon
four columns which elevate il from baseboard sufficiently
below that in which the plate situated There also
for lever, from which stup hangs support for the
spindle Of the pulley, the apex of which plane extended
upwards through peroraon in the axis Of the plate the
lower mstone This spindle passes through stung
box be ar-gh; the srrup allowing to retain its
perpendicuari, Notwithstanding the curvinear movement
of the lever when employed raise or lower the