davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1851-07-16
LIQUORS.

DALLIk0REs OLD STORE rs STILL ON HAND AT
%, Houston street, corner of Mulberry EVERYBODY
no~s the stand and lite celebrity for good glass The pa
wons may depend on my Alec, Porter &c. have made
Respectfully yours, AMBROSE DAILJhOEE
NJ JULIEN AND ST. FsTEPHE CLARsT-JUsT
purchased 2o0 dozen Of the above celebrated wines
ch am enabled 10 sell at s and Ice per dozen for
gVen snd ~ tstephe 80 Us par dozen-botes returned
ttrssd Brandy Store, corner Of Brotme and Crosty
The New York herald., 1851-07-16

NATRIKoNY MADE EASY, OR HOW TO WIN A
NI Professor Lavon of London, having arrived
in Boston will send address on receipt of one dollar
post paid plain directions te enable ladies or gentemtn TO
vim the devoted afee,ons d We opposite sex The process
fuVe hut captivating that all be married,
stetve 81 see appearance postion and last though
not ieaet 10 ts arranged With such delicacy
nat dtteetion impossible bddrss, Professor Lavton.
Bos.,u, ssss l.tr ;aktp ison ls Fos. Qbce, Gnles
TIE pcttkee IL paid.
The New York herald., 1851-07-16

Il As through che cellar kitchen past
The pastry with something nice.
Ard tersely m arb ed with this device
T. Lyons Pillsf for rats and mice!''
Next morn. just at the dawn Of day.
In desthlike stiffness hundreds lay,
OF rats, that nothing could entice
To leave untouched one dainty slice,
Save LYONS Pills for rats and mice.
nc,-c " n,
The New York herald., 1851-07-16
DRY GOODS. &c.

,s.Ss.-SI.<-, -. .,,, ,,n,rna,, }. .r,.,,,.
Store, i&Bowcry 1000 yards elegant priuted Lawns.
ct ls to DO nendid Bareges st2s 500 Do rich Barge
de Iaines az 1s. Cd. and "a great barrainSO d1Ess
gentemtns eeisf borderei linen amtrc handerehcis
e Cd TO Be- Cd p dozen ladies c0loed b0rdcred do At L.
s Sd and 70 Be- verv besutfu 70l dozen plain
wie linen oamttic st only s the finest ever offered in
this mark at anything near the price, b0J dozen gents
o. a. 81 and go rer a1en Some good barssns also in
hams, Prints &c. sc. DrM1cry-Musns, we are selling at
Is Cd worth Se aud at 2s worth a. sum ner wear for
men and boys-an excellent IS 'ortment. very low. -
F,v 4 W. y. GfLLEY X co.
CEILING OFF -s2n YARDS BARE9Es AND It's.
iCsus, at ls l 3D. and 2s; $500 ri Lawn AZ from L. 10
2e Barere de LANES, at ls and cd China silks for
Also, talsn Of the sum- cr stock ot Rib
bobs silks, Hosiery, Gloves Embrodere Lace collars
bom's,ier and other Dry Goods od At eSeeed
iugly low pcfs In order clear tho whole, previous W
remoyins. ny LIE BouTILLtER BROrHERs. ~ Canal
street thgte deogs rom Broadway,
The New York herald., 1851-07-16
UNcURRENr MoNEY.

The inquiry for foreign exchange has been limited at
quotations The steamers will take out large
amount Of specie Engagements have been made
for shipping upwards Of million Of dollars but it Is pos
sibe Of the orders may be counermanded at the
latest moment
Domeitc exchanges uncurrent money, and specie, re-
main about the previously quoted The issues
Of our State banks not plenty, and the amount offer.
pg for redemption therefore moderate The desirable
character of the circulation Of State banks gives
them very wide distribution. The people Of the West
particularly partial to the paper currency Of this
State and prefer to any other 1t is without doubt
the best secured safest and soundest paper currency In
the world Banks in other States the issues Of which
upon similar basis are Of course, equally good. This
stock security system is easily understood by all
classes that gives fdence to bill holders and any
amount is carried for any length Of time without the
slightest apprehension The demand for specie for ship
ment is confined almost entirely to American gold coin
which just composes the bulk Of the expectation
The mnts Of the United States have coined about thirty
millions Of dollars in the first six months of this year end
Rg June 3o 1851 most Of which gold coin Of large
denomination principally double eagles.
The annexed statement exhibits the quotations In
this market for the principal public securities, at the
respective periods named -
The New York herald., 1851-07-16
PUBLIC WORKS OF CANADA.
Croes Charges.

The for 1850 received from the following
sources-Weland canal, f37 e25; st. Lawrence canals
f2O,393; Chambly canal, f29e6; Burlington Bay canal
$685. st. AIMS lock, fs07-total, f65,772
The receipts at the Office of the Assistant Treasurer of
the United States, at this port to-day amounted to
s25a2l5 45; payments $1s,555 34-balance, $1,47l,-
791 IA.
The current quotations in this market for foreign and
domestic exchanges for uncurrent money and for specie
are annexed -
The New York herald., 1851-07-16
OccAsIoNALLv PURGE At RUS sEAsoy-BRAN.

dreths Negetelle RUS arc IN peculiar msnner suit
atc 20 this climate Their prompt ypcatoa clear the in
tesnal canal Of those ctons occasion
nts Coles Cholera Morbu and other alarming symptoms
Usually occurring during months aud always
more or less experienced under the heat of tropical
The elects OF the pills always salutary-on life
ms No enc ought TO travel without ready Of sud.
den attsek Of sickness They Invariably
under the eye Of DR. Brandreth No boys
rersons are employedno mistakes this par
uousr how greatly they have the advantage over the hest
preserPcrs areiessy con pounded and too often when
correctly read made from inferior drugs Brandreth
Is equally safe for the sged and the mo
her when nursng and for her babe They cannot nure
and must heneht medicine needed Sold at 2i broad
way New York 2l Hude7n street. "a Bowery and corner
Houston and Lewis streets at % cents per box with full
The New York herald., 1851-07-16
mISCELLANEOUs.

M entry i1'. N: t. and mani
and the dew. q heaven Every Of the
sou s sss M
cent Iesdense H,s, Park and locate in YonEsrs How
much : ~ i;s. r,sa, ana nsas al .s:ss him
sssSs;."s s Zee sis.ss % .aa .%ss.ss
,1 Il ss s..e III % sS ar ssS
way way TIE Hudson River F.iosd Car. tn sines. every
again.
AT sRILLIrs AMouRETIE DAeNE.g, SOFT
eo.k and those ssasonsbe summer oysters known the
sS ssSs and , & Neck si'sG n sn
CATALoGuEs OF FRENCH BooKs.-RECETyEDP PER
scrt. ss STr Pnr 20 sSIsrs: ss q yiaS'
LIVINGSTON WELLS a CO., Wall street.
ERENcH LOOKING GLASS Plates. AND ROUGH
fse oass Tor shy ishts rom the mandatory Of ST.
F5ILtS 4 COLGATE. ~ and $50 Pearl street.
sg-Priee Currents may be had on application.
yNILDERs PATENT SALAMANCA sArEs-RoFF.
with Rehs Improvement. in the United stass Nine Of
s,s are ~ ssp l.anssco SanerOs' essa
A.. S MARvISs Jas water street,
A CARD.-JAMEs LAsCALA RESPECTFULLY IN.
forms his pstrons and the public ',ss be hs, opened
B.eadrsy where large ssortmen, q th most reesershe
td,ous and also Iascss renowned Shampoo water.
fSq ~ I'm 81 Eo's fer se nsAh q ,ss hair and
who're he will DO the best in his merit share Of The
public patronage
A FRENCH LADY, FROM PARIS, WHO THOROUGH.
gnderst,nds French corset and mantla making wishes
c ufl sSy order ef, 70 her essrr She Viii also SS, 5sS
ard q waists for dresses Terms moderate. Address iS
The New York herald., 1851-07-16
INSTRUCTION.

N@-N~~~~~N~->-~.o~y>>N~l,
II ESIDEkT COyERkHSs.-AN ENGLISH LADY. or
~ the highest respectabty and the thorough
toD desrous Of situation as above. Besides the usual
routine Of good English education she perfectly eompe
tent TO instruct in music tnd singing French aad German
which che has been engaged In
this city in the trst families to whom reference will be
given. Address Alpha" Herald offce.
A LADY WILL BE At I9f ELM STREET. NEAR
broadway, between Broome aud Srripg streets
short time only to teach ell kinds Of paintings
sops also hair braidng for bracelets rings s modelling
WAY flowers fruits and trures In short all kinds useful
ornamental and profitable arts. Specimens may be
Tuesdsy, Thursday and friday Also, and very
o. 20 travel Terms reasonable.
The New York herald., 1851-07-16
TO CONTRACTORS.

TNDusTRIAL HOME ASSOCIATION, NO. L-PRoPo-
sails for draining and grading the lands Of this
ton will be received till the fret day Of August ISL by D.
East Chester at either of which places plan spee
cations and all necessary information pertaining thereto
may be obtained.
The New York herald., 1851-07-16
BOARDING, Sc.


RoARDING.-Two PAELoRs ON THE FIRST FLOOR
bedrooms neatly furnished with full partial board fp
vate table II prferred AS Houston street arst house
west Of Broadway The above would be let for short
riod Il required.
RoaRDING.-A FEW SINGLE GENTLEMEN CAN BE
~ accommodated with pleasant rooms AZ fn partial
ed second floor suitable for gentlemen their Nives
Aypy at No. 9 Leonard stsee between Elm aud
Broadway.
BOARDING AT STATEN ISLAND. FOR A GENTLE
- and wife, In pretty cottage and small FAINT
N Apply mmsdstely at l9i Washington street Of
Fulton.
QoARDiNG.-GooD BOARD AND COMFORTABLE
- rooms for single gentleme Apply at Mnetts street.
fourth door from Bleecker.
RoARDlsc-FURNIsHEDA APARTMENTS. SUITABLE
with with breakfast i6 Spring street west Of
Broadvsy also front basement suitable Tor once
IN all family where there boarders Terms mode
rate.
BOARD IN BEooKLYN-Two MINUTES WALK OF
DFulton Ferry Two unfurnished he had with
hoard deered fer gentlemen and their wives or single
gnthmen The heuse first class and Of the hest To-
cations in hrooklyn Please call at lS Poplar street.
BOARD DOWN TOWN WITHIN THREE MINUTES
ID wall Of the City BallA gentleman aad his wife and
lrse four single gentlemen be pleasantly aud gem
teey accommodated with pleasant snd Handsomely
fsrnhed rooms with permanent transen board at "a
Barclay street. Reference required
81 A xoSG OTHER CEREMONIES THE MAGI UsED
e v DE- upcn which L was supposed tie Peris and
ss Of 4eir parted heroes regaea themsslyea Shelley
vd not convensnoe his patrons AZ this war season Of
high toef he wiser he spreads them forth da-
nss,is bis unique and easteiv tnut0l Restsufant and
Cafe the northwest of Broadway and Anhony
street soft Cfabs are nov In high Season 80
The New York herald., 1851-07-16

ANr.roLrs July IL. 1851
The Golden Gate arrived here this morning half
Tsst two O'Clock large number of her passengers l.ft
The morning, by special train, for Washington.
The New York herald., 1851-07-16
BALES ny AUCTION.

A UCrIoN EOTICE-cHoIcE wINE-wILL BE SOLD
rt No e@ Broadway in the basement the i7th July
contain Ing bottles the stock Of gentleman leaving the
city Connoisseurs would do we'll to attend.
The New York herald., 1851-07-16

Il OTIS AT PROSPECT HILL. OVER HARLEM TUN-
II nell both sides Of Fourth from Ninety
kinetyfourth street, and Ninety hrst Ninety
Ninety third and Ninety fourth streets both sides Of Fourth
and also at the Tenth and
ninth street. and Of Fifth and 0t street for
eale by JOHN I. PARISH, rs Broad street.
The New York herald., 1851-07-16
PERSONAL.

~>~~~0~>>N>"~~~"~NN0NNN~
q REWARD.-TO EMIGRANT BOARDING HOUSE
PO keepers-Ihe above reward will be given any per-
procuring for the erser interview with Edward
CLARKE who arrived at this port with his wife and family
on Friday as per ship Enterprise. Inquire at &c Cedar
street, up stairs.
EEDAs, he WAS THERE, AND you WERE NOT
viii be there same time and place. say Thursday
The New York herald., 1851-07-16

II OTEL TO LEASE.-THE UNDERSIGNED ARE NOW
H rebuilding the National Hese Detroit Michigan. and
e1pectthat IL will be ready
ber next This house with have than two hundred
looms aad be much larger than hotel heretofore built
Detroit IL will have beautiful and imposing front
stories In height hundred and siSywo feet Wood
ward avenue and Military Squsrc, aud hundred aud
sixty cct on Michgsn avenue The front elevation highly
ornamensd built of Connecticut frcstone and
by handtO ONE dome which will command extensive vew
OF the Detroit river and Lake 81 Clair This house will be
finished with marble nantels fixtures and all
aern imgrovemens The dining be H. ladies' saloon and
lors will be large and pleasant TIE former will be twenty
feet In height feet in widb hundred and
feet Ia length, without columns obtructons
kind, and with ornamental windows with metal sash
stsned gss expense will be spsred in the finish Of this
The ladies' saloon will be irytwo feet in width,
svcnty feet In length and have ernamented bow front
The bar BARRIERS chop bathing will be
and pleasant care will be srsred the internal
ransement OF this house TO make IL most fashionable aud
attractive hotel IL IL requisite that parties who
70 lease shall be men Of character understanding the bust
and with sufficient capital TO furnish the house.
plieation may be made TO DANIEL {. WATERMAN,
to ALBEkT CRANE, Detroit, Mich
The New York herald., 1851-07-16

MANIFESTATIONS FOR ABOUT FOUR HUN
w dred good servants Irish Scotch English American,
eolored &c Cooks General Workers. Nurses
LauL dresses Chamhermads, alters Farmers Coao
Be- at the seeot Protestant Agsuey7 carnins street,
at the Old Society Oce O6 Chambers about the
only Offices pstronsed by the respectable families aud
The New York herald., 1851-07-16

~ FHENNH LNUN, FFOM PAHIS, WHO TIOROUGIT-
"A understands dress makngin branches and also
understands French corset aud mana making wishes
inform the ladies and ystshs Of New York that ready
TO fulfil order left 20 her charge She will also cut bas
and ~ waists for dresses Terms moderate Address a
Broadway.
The New York herald., 1851-07-16

CA D.-THE UNDERSIGNED RESPECTFULLY
IA returns his thanks and behalf of the bereayed
mother Of the late JOS Reynolds late Captain of the Free
land Guard to the members the above
caily to Messrs Murphy Mount and Larkn for their
wearied attention and Kindness; aud also the
the late Fire Engine Company No. H and also, the
bers Of Atlantic Hose Company No especially to Mr. H.
Howard, Foreman Of said company last but not least
to Mr. George Smith whose Kindness and atteu
ton will be forgotten those he beon the
Of soacing in the hour of trial. and to all the participants
in the sad ceremony would most sincerely give thanks
MOSES FARRIN STON.
The New York herald., 1851-07-16
AN INTENSIVE BOWLING SALOON AND R,R

AN INTENSIVE BOWLING SALOON AND RAR
"A Room. htted up where large bvsness can bo done
established Clothing stcre where very profitable business
ss the s9s sIi % fs s hsss s. so. r M
ESa elns ssVus ne best stand in che ey p
or,S J. o. sTRAuAN i25 River street Trey.
AN EXCELLENT CHANCE TO MAKE xeNEY-DRUG
"A Store for located in the best Of the city
H. reson fr sene % the p,esspt owner issnd 10 r.ir
from the i.iness Arply at the Americas Real Estate
yT'o LET. LEASE. OR FOR SALE. NEW BUILT
Cottage House with eight rooms sliding doors. stable.
Sc and four ots Of Ground Eshyfourth street.
yard, opposite.
ITO LET-TBE LOFTS OF STORE No. q PARK ROW,
being twentysx feet front by one hundred and dfty
scssiou iumedistely. Inquire Of J. n. SMITH h co.
vNo LET-A GROCERY STORE. WITH Two ROOMS
on TIE same door and vault good stand for auy kind
good tenant possession Immediately Apply on the premises
No. "a Crosby street, near Spring.
ITO LET-A PLEASANT AND CONVENIENT THREE
snd Iesnson avenues also one on Twenty streets
avenue Apply 20 KirsSimer SIS Fourth Venue
ITO IEAsE.-FRANKLIN HOUSE BurLprsGs-rHE
bey %S Of cS s2gss
hy Zee, on Brosdssy furnished with water closets
,na ese.edins well lighted win be leased separately.
j. s THOMPSON, 81 CORTLAND, street.
aso, tour pleasant Offices In the above buildings.
WAL STREET, OFFICE To LET-THE DEsIRA BILE
w cniee in The front basement Of Me- Sc wall street
fote the Exchange Rent moderate Apply Of BARTLETT
SNkLfokD, Astor House, Broad wsy.
FURNISHED ROOMS TO LET-A VERY PLEASANT
large room snd bedrc second door, and room
on rh toor the house pleassu ty situated and
nae not cold, and shower bstht Inquire Amty street.
EoR sALE-A SMALL YACHT, A GOOD SEA BOAT,
and afast saer Apply tC0 and 90 Attorney street.
STEAM ENGINE FOR SALE CHEAP. -oNE IS HORSE
" power kngire and two Cylinder Boilers and other sp
atus belonging 20 the same upning and good order
Address box ,U76 Post once,
The New York herald., 1851-07-16
iDvRaTYEMEETs RENEWED EVERY DAY.
SPECIAL NOTICEs 3.

SPECIAL NOTICES.
>>~~~~~>>>->ee->c>N1SN>
IMPROVED ORDER OF RED hEN.-THE MEMBERS
OF the order in general requested to be punetu in
meeting this evening Wednesday the l6sh
int att clock at National Hail. Canal business
for welfare of the order will be acted
WIN. BEESLEY DAVIS, Great Incohonee
Of the Great Council of the United States.
CLAYTON GUARD ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED TO
~ meet AZ Centre Market d. i'll Room, Wednesday
ing at O'clock July G 1851 to hear Of mttee
By order, J. CLEAENTS, Captain.
u COLIINs Orderly,
The New York herald., 1851-07-16

A GOOD GERMAN GIRL IS DESTROYS or OBTAIN
IA ing situation in respectable family IS cook Car
we'll recommended. Apply at No. IL State street.
The New York herald., 1851-07-16

WIN. MCCORMICK, AUCTI0EEER. STORE l3 SPRUCE
W street-Auetion Notce-Thursday. at 10 o'clock. At
the store will be sold assortment Of furniture from
family Also % Bay Rum 100 boxes Claret, do.
superior Cherry Brandy in bottles Oil Paintings Ens.av
ngs Double Bnrrelled Guns Ladies Gold Watch silver
do, Silver Sugar TOngs pieces Satin Wall Paper &c.
The New York herald., 1851-07-16

ERENCH COLONY AT TAZEWELL COUNTY VA
Lecture that association Of laborers of all nation
Professions evening this week. at Al Broadway
third story Dr. Vons teacher of the French
The colony have already hundred families and
want to increase their number.
Des Moines courier. ([Ottumwa] Iowa) 1848-1854, 1851-01-17

for ledger warrants are now received,
and issue commenced.
The Supreme Court has adopted ad-
diiional admiralty rules-one abolishing
Imprisonment for debt in admiralty ca
ses in the Stale where Imprisonment has
been made--(balance Lost
IIoUsE.-Juhn Bcernan, Of Penn,
who was elected to gill the vacancy occa-
stoned by the death of Chester Butler,
appeared, was qualified, and took his
seat.
Mr.. Cobb moved to reconsider the
vote by which the House refused 10 sus-
pend The rules to enable Mr.. Julian to
present the memorial of anii-slavery
Friends of Illinois. asking for the repeal
of the Fugitive Slave law.
The Speaker decided that Mr.. Cobb's
motion could not be allowed.
Mr.. --- asked for unanimous con-
sent 10 introduce a resolution making
the Military Academy, Revolutionary,
Navy Pensions, Indian department ap-
preparation bills, the order of the day
for Tomorrow, to be continued till dis
posed Of There are but forty-two work
ing days, and unless these bills be made
the special order, the appropriation bill
will be crowded into the last day Of the
session, by which great deal of mis-
chief will be done. -..
Mr.. Wentworth said if these be mad e
the special order there would be no
chance for river and harbor bills.
The House refused 10 suspend the
rule--yeas SO, nays ID. .#.
BosToN, Jan. Is.
The legislature elected democrat and
free soil Council to day. A meeting of
democrats in opposition TO the election
of Charles Summer is c-lled for this af-
iernoon in the State House.
.a. BALTIMoEE, Jan. 10.
There is great excitement at Lexing-
ton, Virginia, in Consequence of an an
ticipa:ed instruction of the slaves
Letters have been intercepted and il ap-
pears that about 600 are implicated.
BALTIMORE, Jan. 10.
William Hughes, agent employed by
Mr.. Knight to arrest Crafts, fugitive
slave at Boston,, was killed at Macon,
Georgia, in an encounter with knights
brother.
Thos. Spaulding, President of The
Georgia Convention, died on 2Oih ult.
The British barque Rochisr was a.
shore on breakers of Charleston in bad
position. She had 1000 sacks sal. on
board.
Des Moines courier. ([Ottumwa] Iowa) 1848-1854, 1851-01-17
Individual LiabiIity--Again.

| Our latest advices from Iowa City
state that the Old Hunkers in the House
have become ashamed of and abandon
ed their Individual Liability doctrine, as
applied to Corporations. If true, this is
good news for Iowa. The people are
just beginning TO feel the necessity of
discarding Old bunker dogmas and
creeds, which have retarded the progress
and prosperity of some of the older
States for years, and adopting more lib
eral views which come up to the enlight
ened spirit Of the age. What has pro-
duced this change, we are not advised,
but no doubt the salutary chastisement
so promptly administered by the almost
entire press of Iowa, had good effect
to bring the Hards TO their senses. And
in this connexion we should do injustice
TO our feelings, if we should withhold
that need of praise due to the Burling-
Ton Telegraph, for the bold and fearless
manner in which it bal,led for the inter-
ests of the State. ~ .----. .sar.sa
ave can only look to the Senate for
the salvation of the party aud of the
country" says the Capital Reporter
And we hope that if the safety Of the
country will not stop them in their des-
tructive course towards the State, that
the "salyation" of their party, which is
all and in all to them, will cause them
to look before they leap.
Des Moines courier. ([Ottumwa] Iowa) 1848-1854, 1851-01-17

ave were never guilty of publishing
whole column of patent medicines one
year for the sum of thirty doharS,-
which is at least ten dollars less than the
customary price here-and at the same
time charge our own citizens forty or W
fy dollars for the same amount 81 mat
ter.-RpubHc.
This insinua.ion against the Courier
Office is as base as the heart that dicta-
tated il. The patent medicine adver-
sisement alluded TO, is for Bulls Sarsapa-
rilla, and occupies about three-quarters OF
column. That we ever charge any
citizen of this place fifty dollars col
umn, is another falsehood. And to sum
it all up, we will just say that the Repub-
lie knows that it lies, and is actuated to
do SO because it does not get those same
patent medicines to advertise in that par
agon of paper,-the R-e.p-u-b-Li-c.
Des Moines courier. ([Ottumwa] Iowa) 1848-1854, 1851-01-17
Free Banking.

We invite careful perusal of the ar
ticle in this weeks paper, copied from
the Oqua,cka Spectator, on the subject
of Free Banking. The Spectator is
neutral in politics, but its editor, Col.
Patterson, is leading Democrat in ILL.,
nois.
The people Of Illinois have now been
several years without q paper currency
of their own, and still no State that has
banks, has had more paper in circulation
in proportion to the amount of business
done, than Illinois. So, if the object in
breaking down her banks, was to drive
out paper currency, that object has
signally failed.
The people of this State find them
selves much in the same situation, with
no paper currency Of our own, the prin.
cipal part of the circulating medium is
made up of foreign Bank paper, and the
notes of E. w. Clark d. Brothers.
And, if the design of our Democratic
brethren was to entirely drive all paper
currency from circulation in the State,
they must confess that in that they have
failed. They find the paper of Banks
from all the Eastern, Middle and many
of the Western States constitute our
principal currency. Now we put the
question to every one, would it not be
better TO have good paper currency of
our own, under our own management
and control-one that we could always
know whether i, was good or bad-in
preference to importing a currency, of
which we know nothing and over which
we have no control whatever! Well
regulated banks have been of advantage
TO New York and other States, or else
the Democratic party in some of the
States have been guilty of creating
something that was not only of no use,
but detrimental to the true interest of the
people, and in the opinion of Governor
Hampstead, subversive of liberty itself.