The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1851-12-06


10 is general provisions, Up 10 that tr,s
there had been no similar Law In Epgland
except certrin highly penal statutes passed I'M
the reign N George H., prohibiting Rndi4
subjects from enlisting ~ foreign seryicestbs
AVOwed object Of which statuies was, that m.
eign armies raised for The purpose OF rrslor.
ing the House Of Stuart Ia the throne. shouIJ
not be- strengthened by recruits FROM Epa.
land herself
An must sec that difficulties may arise In
carrying the laws referred 20 into execution
10 Acpuptry now having three or four fhou,.
and miles Of seaeOast, with an infinite num-
Der Of ports and harbgrs and small inleis, frota,
some ofwhioli unlawful expeditions NAV sud-
denly 80 forth, without ihe khowleda m
Government, against the possessions OF for.
eign States,
Friendly relations with all, bat entanelp,
alliances with none, has long been maxim
With no, Our true mission II not 10 pIopa-
gate our opinionh,or impose upon other eoun
tries our form Of government, hy aui6cs ar
iorcei but 90 teach by example. and show by
our success, moderation aud justice, tho bless
Jugs of 'seli-eoYernnssnt aud the advantage,
Of insiitutlona. Lot every people choose ior
itself and make and alter IL political institu.
lions 20 suit its own condition aud convenience.
but, "hiio'we ayow and maintain this neu-
The same iofheannee on the part of other ma.
tons, whose forms Of Government are differ.
ent IRON our own. The deep interest .hirh
We feel IN the spread Of liberal prineiplcaand
the establishment Of FREE governments AMI
INC fympAIby with winch We witness every
sirHggle against oppression, forbid that We
should be indifferent IN o case In which The
strong arm OF a foreign power I, invoked 10
'uile Pnblic sentiment aud rcpress the spirit
OF freedom 10 any country,
The governments of tirrat HritiAH aud
France have issued Orders 10 their naval
commanders on ihc West India station 10
| prevent by fore, the landing Of adycnturer.
from any nation on the Island Of Cnha with
hostile intent The copy Of memorandum
/ Of conversation on this subject between the
/ Charge d'Adairs Of her Briianie Majesty aud
/ the Acting Secretary Of State. and az a sub.
scquent note Of the former 10 the Dcpar,ment
OF state, are herewith submitted. together
with n copy ola note Of the Acting Secretary
OF state TO the Minister of the French Re.
public, and ofthe reply of the latter, on the
same subject These papers will Acqnant
] YOU with the grounds OF this interpSsitjon OF
the two leading commercial powers OF Europe
and with the apprchcnsions which this gov
ernmeni could not fail 10 entertain, that such
inrerposition, if carried into effect. might
lead 10 abuses IN derogation Of tho maritime
| rights Of the United States. The maritime
rights ofthr United States arc founded ON a
firm, secure, and well defined basis they
stand upon the ground Of National Indepen-
denoe, and public law, aud will be maintain
cd IN all their full and Just extent.
! The principle which this government has
heretofore so'cmnly announced IL still adhercs
| TO, and viii maintain under all circumstances
and nj all hazards. That principle is. that
] la eNery 1orupeutpd ,n.r.t.nt y....l A..
crew WHO nayi6atc IL, and those on board of
! Il, will find their protection in the Gag which
IL over them. No American ship can be al
lowed 90 he visited or searched for the pnr-
pose of asccriaiBing the character Of iudiSid-
Ual- 90 hoard, nor can there bc allowed anv
watch by the vessels Of any flrtign nation
over American VesseN on tho coasts Of the
United States, or the reAs adjacent theroto--
II viii Ice secn hy the last communication
from the British Change d'AHairs 20 the de-
partmenl Of State, that ha-is authorized TO
assure the Secretary Of State that every care
will he taken, that in executing the prevent
IKE measures against the expeditions, which
the United States Government itself has de-
uouncch - not being entitled 10 the protcc-
ton ofany government, no interference shall
take place with the lawful commerce Of any
nation.
In addition TO the correspondence on this
7 subject, hCrcwlth submitted, official intorma-
ton has been received at the Department Of
State, of assurances by the French govern
mcnt that, in the orders given 10 the French
naval forces they were expressly instructed
IN any opcRiions ihey might engage ~ 10 re-
spcct the Tag Of the United States wherever
il might appear, and TO commit no act Of hos
tility upon any vessel or armament under its
protection.
Ministers and oousals &c foreign nations
are the means and agents of communication
between US and those nations, and it is Of tho
utmost importance that, while residing jH' the
! Country, -ihoy should feel a perfect security
80 long as they faithfully discharge their re-
spectivc duties and are guilty OF no violation
of our laws. This is the admitted law Of ma
tons, aud rn conatFy has deeper interest
in maintaining it than the United States
Our commerce spreads over every sea and
visits every cline, and our ministers and con
suls arc appointed to protoct tho interests Of
that commerce, as well rs to guard the peace
of the country and maintain the honor Of its
Gag But how can they discharge these du.
ties unless they be themselves protected, it
must by the laws Of the county in which they
reside. And what is due 10. our own public
/ notwithstanding in .fbrcign nations is
exactly the mqSSnre Of what is due TO the
functionarieS of other governments residing
I
are sacred, or else wars would be iatcrmina-
bic so in peace, ambassadors, public minis
tiers, and conSuls, charged with friendly ma
tonal intercourse, are objects of especial re-
TDcct and projections each according TO the
rights belonging To his rank and station. In
view ofthese important principles, it is with
deep modification and regret announce to
you that, during the excitement growing out
OF the executions at Havana, the Office of her
Catholic pajesty's consul at New. Orleans
was assaulted by mob, his property destroyed
the Spanish flag found in the office carried
Oh and torn in pieces, and he himself induced
TO fee for his personal safety, which he sup
posed to be in danger. On receiving intolli-
gence of these events, / forthwith directed
the attorney Of the United States residing at
New Orleans to-inquire into the facts and
the extent of the pccuniary loss sustained by
the consul, with the intention Of laying them
before you, that you might make provision
for such indemnity to him as just regard for
the honor of the nation and the respect which