New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-12-26

ella SIS the BURGERS
There Is No doub; hat these would have been .re-
cenCous evils II they had ex sted IN reality As they
co on The psges OF the Consu utien' In fact they
were bad enouth as they did come forth IN prtcuce
bat their influence was excee mgiy mo1ihei Oy
Osher causes H. the hfsl place, ms C. ass OF pr'
lie sed persons tb0ugh belonging to all grades OF
society, we're ID general the ms. able, brave and
INTELLIGENT part If the community.
More than this. the DIVISION was not made solely
a.coroIDg 10 Dauona.liy or separate descent, as
there are prOhab 5000 slaV0hian, Waltchlin.
snc Germ freemen' and on the other hand ssrera!
7sIflsons of Macy ars not belonging - this class
TIE number, TOO, OF this class Is 10 &c considered
as distinguishing II from any other aTlsio cracy"
which has ever existed.
In l7s5. ACCORDING to Ftgyss. there we're over
32 600 OF this prvleee ed caste IL 1912 he reckOns
tha, in population OF His Ss excluding Sleoen-
burger there were nearly $50 900 or nearly every
uenfieth person voter ard freeman
According 10 the latest statistics OF Hungary, there
would be PROBABLY IN euery fourteen inhabitants. one
" freeman" This, Of course, dImmlshes the in
uense inequality OF this obstruction OF casies-ss II
CONSIDERS ID every country the very ie - who are
allowed TO enjoy political rights, compared With
those deprived OF them, such setting apart OF one
class IN Hungary loses something of It's enormlty.
II is Calculated that IN England about one IN fJrfy
is voter, in Belgium. Constitutional Monarchy,
one IN about fifty IN France, under Louis Philippe,
one IN one hundred and eighty and At present the
ratio is nearly the same with the old Hungarian
| think one IN fifteen have no statistics with me
OF the United States but suppose there the ratio
would be about one In seven.
The best counter0alance, however OF all To the
bad influence of this class -diStD ctlon was IN tAe
number of Free Communities which had sprung up
unCeI various causes IN all parts OF the land nave
travelled often through large tracts OF country IN
habited solely by peasants, where every man for
hundreds of years has enjoyed all the political priv
ueges of the " Freemen," though never coming
nomir ally In that body
Take. for instance, the large AMI populous dis
tricis of the 4" Jazyges' and "Cumansns,' Of which
have already spoken in these et,ers-or those of
the HaiiuckS,' among whom | found the most
manly and lcepence nt population OF hungary-or
the >ecckitTS IN SleOenOurgen. All these are not
considered Ffeemen - are obliged 20 pay toll like
the peasants not secured III property or person
any more than the rest OF the people yetthey nave
all their own indt pendent administration, vote for
their own officers ana judges, and send their own
members 10 The Parliament. In like manner the
cities are nearly all Independent. self governing
communities, though belonging, apparently, To the
class deprived OF political rights. That is, no
citizen has the privileges OF " Freeman or
"habtds corpus, OF frt edom from taxation ana Toll,
Of enialllng his landed property OF exemption
from military quaItermg yet the chy ISeii IS as
democrat and selfadministerng corporation AS
sny city OF the United states Ii has Its own rights,
governs itself with its own tOwn-couucn, senGs us
members to the Parliament, Is as Independent OF
either the "FTeemen," or the " Parliament, or sne
King as are the most naughty nOOlemen OF the lanu
Then If It be RENE mbered how fond the iungarlans
are OF dwelling III their large vlage-llke cities ana
how populous some OF these are, II VIII DC seen what
a large bocy OF true iieema exist, apart from these
the so-ca led "freemen." Both these causes have
accordingly trained up most vigorous, independent
body of men, not belonging to the favored class, ana
ye not at variance with them. lnasmuch asthey nave
their own good rights, and are quite cOntented Win
them AnC of all the classes which furnished brave
soldiers for the Hungarian Revolution, found that
none gave bravero or more patriotic than tins oil the
" Free Communities
Ii ST ould besides be remembered that as this old
feuda distinction of caste has been so have
also the feudal burdens on the "Freemen."
They ave indeed free from all common taxation,
tut they liable To extraordinary Contributions 10
lhef feuoal lord, the hing They are nor oonsed
10 render any petty services TO the State but they
can be calico out at the summons OF the King 10 do
military duty, and at the1r own expense. These
were 10 light burdens, and Nj time OF frequent war
would quite equal those which were LAID, IN the
shape Of usual taxation upon the other classes of the
nation.
For instance, in the Levy, Tor iasrrectio. as 1t is
called Of 1859 there were 1000 cavalry, and $4,000
i.fsntIy ca led oct by the Emperor from this class
ara war. tax LAID upon them OF $4,000 600 forms
(aboui seven anc -a.hsli mi hon OF dollars
Tie last great levy made III the wars oil Ma.
poleon. ~hsI his Was threatening Vienna with
That rapid march down The valley OF The Danube
The expenses of The campaign were always Obliged
- oroh n cslle1 out ~ Hungary thew were to be
paid az the Kings expense.
Yet with all that can cOunteract the evil Influence
OF this mot unjust and injurious system, own. from
experience of the country, am surprised not 20
have found more bad effects.
Ihayo ciscoveIe1, III all my intercourse with every
IL the hungarian people, no violent separation
o different castles.
have found the peasant and the citizen loving
thtlT FatheIand ard ready ID give up all for IT. quite
o. mge as tn most privileged OF the freemen.
IL sacrifices IN The war the voluntary cohtlioutions
o prolerly and lives cane quite as much nom the
lower clssses or those SMUT out from political prlVi-
Itgts. a, from tie higher.
The hopes the longing unsJeaAaole Tor hungary
dehvtralce, which the oppression OF centuries TO
vii not ex insulsh, exists quite a. much IN one
Uooy or To people as another
have rot either observed the jealousy Of different
eraces OF society which | nigh! have expected,
nor the idtfetr and la~le snsSs one would antlcl-
pate f ON condition Of NE ike TINS OF the privi
tged class The Only exceptions 10 this are III tne
feelings Of the whole naIloA toward the nooily l1he
Nden0f6n,) and IN then general bearing aHu i"Ier-
COURSE th tfe people. But thee form oniy an uh-
uoft 1t Bart OF the nation. and not - De con-
useo 81 all with the large class OF the privileged
" FTeemon."
Much OF the present harmony and good feeling OF
tie UaIion Is Undoubtedly cue to the common SUI
j,ripes OF all They have all together struck Tor
freedom. and have failed. And those VINO oIcs
posse ssed he privileges ard l1.nfed the hlghes'
IL. IN the STATE have not Sut,fr me least IN tbe
cause. The oeSt and toe highest oi the OLD la'Ored
caste ait onyen INTO exile, or have fallen on the
scafoid. The nation nouns III common
But the great aLd sufficient explain ilon OF ms $
IL the spirit and the works of that great parry which
kossutb led FOR many years. IN the course OF pro-
lress AID reform.
For ulthlI ca hOsShtu IbDOr more lItlet iiAsD
aud fesrlessy than the utter ADO luOn OF these ieh-
al distinct tons. HIS party achieved grand VI
umph IN the resolutions passed IA the Far Itment OF
$50 81. by which so many OF the fsudal burden..
were removed. Ard his long Efforts With those OF
his faitEful associates Deak and Bathyanll-wefe
crowned win complete success, when IN ISIS the
Parliament, II stoim Of enthusiasm. did away WIN
eve testee OF ftu0al service, or OF distinction OF
caste Ia Hungary forever. ,
TIE people know TINS they know the objects oil
hos suih ana his party they kn0w wnat would have
pser-l uoeec. Wnat was-bestOwed upon them IN
tie Revolution they al, must SEE, that the Ten
cency OF such a Struggle Was inevitably - lie pup
C. aIC The toualIzng q AL classes aud therefore,
a. e have 10 seItmeIt Of jealousy TOW arr any one
Glars a. socety or any feeling Of separation IN IN
ieItsts from those who once possessed alone me po
hical p Nileg es IN Hungary. ~
Kossuth has done much for his country, out ms
fearless opposition to all feutal distinctions snd
he anal abohtionof them which he obtain VIII
not Hereafter be considered the least Of hi acons
c. l. B.
Kossuth Fund-Large Donations.
The officers and Directors OF the Pacihc
P.pk corsisfrr0 Of the following gentle neD, w IN.