Hannibal journal and western union. (Hannibal, Mo.) 1851-1852, 1851-12-11

mstt, nihiectto the order Of Texns.--
The releases required ~ lsw g Is do
posted IN The Treasury not having been
Flied there, the remaining FIVE millions
have not been issued. This last amount
OF atock will be withheld from Texas
until The conditions upon which i is q
be delivered shall be complied with, by
the creditors Of that State, unless Con.
grsss shall otherwise direct, by modi-
cation of the law.
In my last annual message, to WHO'LL
respectfully refer, ! stated briefly me
reasons which induced me TO Feo'inYend
{. modification Of the present fartG ~
converting the ad valorsm inta sPecy'c
duty, wherever the article Aported was
OF such character as topcrr1it u, and
that such Discriminate should be made
in favor Of the induslyAl pursuits Of ouf
own country as to e'courago home pro-
duction, without eyduding foreign COM
petition
The n,,,oero,, frauds which continue
20 be practisel upon the revenues, by
false invoice and under valuations, con-
aiifuSa nm ,azns,geFa5E reason for aiop-
tino snec;s;c, isstead Of I'D palorem du-
ties. n n cases whore the nature Of the
oomuodity does NOT forbid IL. Striking
ilIudfations Of these frauds will be ex-
hibsscd in thereport Of the Secretary Of
H,e Treasury, showing the custom house
valuation Of articles reported under a
former laN, subject to specific duties,
when there was inducement to under
valuation and the custom house valua-
ton Of the same articles under the pres
ent al ualorem duties, so greatly reduc-
edas to leave no doubt OF the existence
Of be most AagTant abuses under the OK
istineelaw This practical evasion Of
the pf:e.ss l,w, combined with the Ian.
gushing condition Of some Of the great
interests VI I've country, caused by over
importation I'D consequent depressed
prices, and With failure in obtaining {
foreign marklt br our increasing surplus
IN breadstuh and provisions, has in
duced me agar 10 recommend modica.
fition Of the Existing tariff.
The repot Of the Secretary Of the In.
terror, with accompanies this coinmu-
nication, WI present condensed state.
ment of ts operations of that important
DepartuSnt Of the Government. twill
be see, that the cash sales of public land,
exoeA those Of the preceding year, and
thatthere is reason to anticipate still
fuyheF increase, notwithstanding The
lagc donations which have been made
y many Of the States, and the liberal
grants to individuals as a reward for mil
itary services.
This fact furnishes very gratifying
evidence Of the growing wealth and
prosperity Of our country. Suitable
measures have been adopted for commen.
ENG q survey o. ule pubic iaais IA Cas-
ifcrnia and Oregon. Surveying parties
have been organized, and some progress
has been made in establishing the prin-
cipal base and meridian lines. But
Further legislation and additional appro.
priationR viii be made, and the general
land system extended over those remote
parts of cur territory.
On the Sd Of March last, an act was
passed, providing for the appointment of
three commissioners to settle the private
land claims in California. Three per-
sons were Immediately appointed, all of
whom, however, declined accepting the |
ONCE, In consequence Of the inadequaoy !
OF the compensation. Others were
promptly selected, who, for the same
reason, also declined, and it was not un-
I'll late In the season that the services of !,
suitable persons could be procured. All
majority Of the commissioners convened IA
IN this city on the 10th of September last .
when detailed instructions were eiyen :
them in regard 70 their duties. Their !.
nrst meeting for the transaction of bdsi-
ness will be held in San Francisco on !,
he 9Th day Of the present month. I.
AVE thought it proper to refer to these
acts, not only TO explain the causes of !
clay in filling the commission, but TO /.
al your attention to the propriety of in !
reasing uIe compensation of the COM
iissioners. The office is one of great
lpor and responsibility, and the compen-
slion should be such as to command men
9 nigh order of talent and the most 2
'nqnestionable integrity. Il
: The proper disposal Of the mineral o
lnds OF California is a subject surroun-
cd by great difficulties. In nv last n
lessage, recommended the survey and u
lie OF these lands in small parcels, un- Iva
% such restrictions as would efectuaI- ~
guard against monopoly and specula- pr
IN. BaszPsH further information, and Tor
defefenee to the opinions of persons
niiiat with the subject, | am incli- OF
@ snAnge my Recommendation, and y c
assise that they be permitted 10 re- boul
7 as al present, common field, omen and
le enterprise ard industry of all cur II
ems, until further experience sbaU Of tn
Ter experience shall have developed initia
sest policy to be ultimately adopted iot Ju
gard 70 them. 1t is safer to suffer river
that now exists for a ,erv'
: period, than, by premature leeis- NIFTY
M 70 fssten on the country system Veinl
aded on error, which may place the ms
Die subject beyond the further con- al u
Of Congress. The agricultural lands mar
uld, however, be surveyed and able
ught into market, with as little DELAY Iiai
possible, that the titles may become pee
led, aud the inhabitants stimulated to i.uo
re permanent improvements and en- tne
into the ordinary pursuits Of life sur
effect these objects, it is desirable WEI
Lils lecessaTy provision be made by NM
Tor the establishment Of land.offices per
,aligofnia and OREGON and Co. a. ~ par
ant nrosecu,;on o7 he s,,x,,s,,' ~, 80, % viii
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