The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-08-01

bsva hed from their owners, the number manu-
mitted and the number OF deal, dumb, blind, in
sane. and idio,ie AS the Govern
ment Of the United States has no right TO interfere
in any way with the moral, social political
condition of this class and no right to legislate
spectng it, except 10 establish the ratio Of repre-
sentation and the apportionment of taxes, it was
determined TO limit the inquiries in the manner
specified, and not to load the census with further
particulars which could not increase its value, and
might damage its popularity.
''The third schedule relates to the statistics Of
mortality, and presents for the fret time, the mum
Der Of persons who have died in the year, their
names, agCs SEX color, state OF freedom or slavery,
Of marriage or wdowhood, place of birth, month
of death, profession, occupation or trade, disease,
and number of days ill. The combina-
ton of facts in this schedule exhibit the influence
OF climate ON health and longevity, and will assist
the immigrant in the selection of healthy place
in which to pitch his tent. In connexion with
these facts an account is obtained of the character
of the rocke, minerals, marshes. rivers, timber,
water and other features in the natural history Of
each part of the country. the of which IRE too
obvious to render it necessary that should indi-
cate them.
'sThe fourth schedule relates to agriculture, and
includes the number of acres of land cultivated or
wild, their value, together with the value of the
farming implements and agricultural machinery,
the kinds quantity, and value OF the live stock and
thirty varieties of agricultural produc-
tons, Of which each farmer expected to render
an account, and has rendered accordingly with
perfect good will.
"The fifth schedule relates to manufactures. II
consists of fourteen columns. in which are contain
ed matters applicable to every branch of manufac-
ture, not only from needle 20 anchor but
from pin to a man-of-wsr In the census of
1910 the tables for manufactures occupied about
200 columns, and were arranged as such tables are
generally, by placing at the head Of the columns
each branch of industry and the name of each kind
of manufacture. This arrangement found
frequently not to secure the information required
while it loaded the enumerators with cumbrous
supply of forms, in which whole schedule would
contain but single item of Information. BY the
late arrangement the first column requires the
name of the manufacturer; the second, the name
of the article produced; the third, the capital in
vested; the fourth, fifth, and sixth, the quantity
kind and value of each article used in the process
of manufacture; seventh, the kind of motive pow
err, machinery, structure or other resource these
terms embracing water, steam, horse, and vino,
and applicable to ships, mines, or manual labor.
Columns eight and nine contain the number of
male and female operatives employed, ten and
eleven give the wages paid in each branch of in
dusry, and twelve, thirteen, and fourteen give the
quantity kind, and value of each article produced
s'The sixth schedule Ia framed for the purpose of
showing the value of property, the extent OF taxa
ton, and also of literary educational, and religious
establishments, of pauperism, crime, and wages
throughout the Union. The returns show the total
amount of every kind of tax paid in the various
townships. They give the kind Of each educational
establishment, which may be college, an academy,
a common school, female school, or theological
institution, giving the number and pupils
the extent Of endowment, and the amount raised
for its support by taxation, as well az from the pu
pills or other The public libraries return
their number, kind, and number of volumes. q
Under the head of newspapers and perodi-
calls there is return of the name, character, fire.
quency of publication, and number published
Under the head of churches there is the num-
Der, denomination, and value of each church, chap
ell, or meeting house. and the number each will
accommodate. There lie given also the number of
paupers and. criminals whether native or foreign,
nd the cost of support. Under the head of va
ges' areincluded the average Of wages to diffeSent
classes of what we should call servants, farm
hands, female domestics,' and the price OF
board to laboring men per week"
The value Of statistical history of the
United States, with the materials for comparing
il with similar documents of other nations, will
be apparent to the American people. Congress
has done itself honor by the extent and libe-
rality of the census system; although much
time and labor may be required to prepare it
for publication. 1t ought to be, as it is, a sub
ject of national pride with those engaged in its
preparation TO furnish to the world document
proving, beyond competition or question, the su-
perior prosperity of the American Republic.
We think, therefore, it is evident that more
force and more time has been necessary to pre-
pare the census of 1850 than that of 1910,
and feel satisfied that the more the subject is
examined the more the people will be interest
ed in the forthcoming census, and the more
they will be convinced of its superiority over
all which have preceded it,