Burlington hawk-eye. [volume] (Burlington, Iowa) 1845-185?, 1851-12-11

April, lSlS-by which, among other thnSS,
was declared, that if any person shall, withih the
territory jurisdiction OF the United States, be-
gin or set on foot, or provide, or prepare the
means FOR any military expedition or enterprise.
to be carried on from thence against tie Terrific
~ or dominion Of any foreign Prince or State. or
Of any colony, district or people with whom the
United States are at peace-eyery person so Of
Tending shall be deemed guilty of high nisde-
mcanor. and shall be fined not exceeding three
Thousand dollars, and be imprisoned not more
than three years. And this law has been eNeea-
ted and enforced TO the full extent OF the power
of The Government, from that day to thus. In
proclaim ng and adhering 70 the doctrine of heu-
traii.y and non-nervehtion, tie United States
have not followed the lead of other nations
they have taken the lead themselves, and have
been followed by Others This was admitted by
one Of the most eminent of modern British States
men, who 50 d in Parliament. whilst Minister
of the Crown. that il he wished for a guide in a
system of neutrality, he should take that lad
down by America in The days of Washington ans.
the Secretaryship of Jefferson. and see, IN
fact, that the act Of Congress of 1878 WIS fol-
lowed the succeeding year by an act OF TIE Par
Lament of England substantially the same in IFS
general provisions. Up TO that time there had
been no similar law in England, except some
highly penal statutes passed in the reiga OF George
H.. prohibiting English subjects eniistimg IN for
eiga service. the avowed objact Of VIII ch statute
Was. tldt lOTCi1H aI1lSs TdiSeu loi pun posi-
of restoring the house of Stuart TO the throne,
should not be strengthened by recruits from Eng
land herself. All must see. that difficulties may
arise in carrying the laws referred to into eXecu
ton. in country now having three or four thou
sand miles of sea coaS.--with infinite number
of ports and harbors and small ialets, from some
| of which unlawful expeditions may suddenly set
| forth. without the knowledge of the government
against the possessions of foreign States. Friend
| " relations with all, bat entangling alliances
with none, has long been maxim with us. Oar
MISSION Is not to propagate our Opinions. or Itn-
/ pose upon other countries oar form of govern
ment By article or force, but 10 teach by exam
| pie. and 10 show by our success, moderation and
Justice, the blessings of self-sovernment and the
advantages of free institutions. Let every ma
| ton choose for itself, and make and alter It's po-
! li,ical institutions TO suit its own condition and
/ convenience. But, while we asoN and MAINTAIN
! this neutral policy ourselves. we are anxious to
| see the same forbearance on the part of other
/ nations, whose forms of government are different
| from our own. The deep interest which we feel
in the spread of liberal principles, and the estab
/ lishment of free government, and the sympathy
with which we witness every struggle against OPP
preston. forbid that we should be indifferent to
case IN which the strong arm OF foreign power
is provoked to stife public sentiment and repress
the spirit Of freedom in any country. The gov
| ernments of Great Britain and France have is
4 SHeQ OFueTS 10 tlelT naval coi1lHdnueFS on the
West India station to prevent by force, IL neceS-
sary, the landing of adventures from any nation
! on the Island of Cuba, with hostile intent The
/ copy of memorandum Of Convention on this
/ subject. between the Charge de Affaires OF Her
Britanic Majesty and the acting Secretary of
| State, subsequent note of the former to The De-
partment of state. are herewith submitted, to-ete-
| er with copy of note OF the acting Secreta-
i ry Of State to the Minister of the French Repuh-
lie, and the reply of the latter on the same sub
| iect. The papers will acquaint yoa with the
grounds of tins nterposition of the two lead;n.
commercial powers of Europe, a.ad with the APP
prebensions which this Government could not
fail TO entertain, that such interposton, if carried
into effect might lead to abuses in dcrogation Of
| the maritime rights of the United States
The maritime rights of tho United Safes are on
/ firm, secure and welI-dafned bass they staEd
/ upon the ground OF national independence and
| public law, ana will be maintained in all their
just extent. The princip pie which tbs Govern
ment Ess heretofore so!emnty announced, it still
adheres to. ana will maintain. unde, all circun-
stances and at all hazards. That principle. that
| in every regularly documcuted merchant vessel
/ the crew who navigate II, and those oh board of
! it. will find their protection in The flag which is
over them. No American saip can be allowed
| TO be visited searched for the purpose OF as
certaining the character of individuals on board.
nor can there be allowed any watch. by vessels
of any foreign nations, over American vessels, on
the coast of the United States or the seas ada
| cent thereto
II twill be seen BY the last cenmunicat freH
the British Charge de Affairs TO tie Department,
of State that he is authorized 10 assure the Sec
rotary OF State that every care Will he taken that.
/ IN executing the preveuiivc measures against
! which the United States Government Itself has
declared, as not being entitled 10 the protection
ct any government. no Interference shall take
place with the lawful commerce OF any nation
In addition 10 the correspondence on this subject
herewith submitted Off clal Information has been
received at the department of State, of assuran-
ces by the French Government that, in the o.
ders given 10 the French naval ."rces. they We're
/ expressly instructed. in any operations they
might engage in. TO respect the flag of the United
States wherever it miSln appear. aud 10 commit
no act of hostility upon any vessel, or armament,
under MS protection.
Ministers and consuls of foreign nations are the
means and agests of communication between us
and these nations, and il is of the uInios, impor-
lance that. while residing in the country, they
should ENJOY a perfect security, so long as they
faithfully discharge their respective duties and
are guilty of no violation OF our laws. This is
the adm tied law Of nations, and no coantry has
deeper interest in maintaining il than the I'M
ted States.
Our comuxree spreads over every sea and WIS.,
It's every cline; and our Masters and CoasulS
are appointed to protect that commerce., as well
as to guard the peace of The coMltsy aud main-
tain tie honor Of its lag, But how can they
discharge those duties aalsSS they be themselves
protected, and If they be protected hy the laws
of the country in which they reside, then VIVA,
is due TO our own public NnctoRaries residing in
foreign nations, is exactly the measure NJ wha,
Is due to the fuNctonareS OF other governments
residing here. As in war the bearers of flags OF
truce are sacred, or else wars would be interm-
nable, SO in peace ambassadors, pablo ministers
and consuls, charged with rrenaIy nateaa, Inter
course, are objects ct eSpec al respect aud pso-
lection, each aecoriIns TO the rights belonging to
his rank aud station.
/ Ia view Of these Impor'aa. principles, Il is
with deep modification aud regret announce 20
you, that, durSuS the eNes,e,aea, growing o,t ef
| tae executions ut Havana, the ei6ce Of her Cath,
ohc MalestysS CoaSUl al New Oy'eaas was as
| sailed BY a mob, his property destroyed, the
| Spanish thg, faand Ia the office, carried oil an,
,oca to piec>S, and he him srf induced 10 nee FOR
ms personal safety, W ,lea he reported 20 BE- in
/ danger On receiving Intelligence of these
| eventS, forthwith directed the Attorney of the
| United States residing al New OyleaaS To ca.
/ qure into the facts, aaa the extent et the pce,s.
mary loss sustained by the Consul, with The ia
'eatiea OF laying them before YOU, that von
nj shs nuke provision for such Inle,nau 10 il IN
as u 'St regard Tor the honor of the natloa, aud
| tn, teSpsct wa ch j. la h a fr>enlly powr,
m,gat, IN your Judgment, seem To reQ0i,c, Tae
correspondence upon this subject between the
Secretary N Stata an1 lhth,h> ,fast,,