New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-07-02

This very development of her natural re-
| sources, however is just the thing which
New-Grenada, in common with the other
Spanish American Republics. has hitherto
neglected, greatly to her loss. When IN
1881 the Confederated Republic of Colon
bia was dissolved, she adopted liberal Con-
stitution. assumed her share Of the National
debt and commenced a career which, more
or less disturbed by political factions, leaves
her now, twenty years later, with debt OF
more than $4,000, 900, and revenue that
rarely suffces to meet her expenditures
Whatever increase of commerce there mas
beep. IS the result of foreign influence, not
of encouragement at home, and with every
facility for creating a manufacturing interest,
the only achievement in thlt line Is a cotton
fabric of the rudest kind, worn BY the lower
classes. But the experience OF twenty years
has not been lost The operation of a Con-
stitution which guarantees liberty of con-
science, freedom of the press, and under the
provisions of which Slavery is dying slow
but certain death, cannot be otherwise than
beneficial. During the last three or four
wears, the Republic has been nearly free
from the violent political discussions OF for
mer times, and President Lopez, in his
message to the Legislative Chambers. a
few weeks ago, uses the following cheering
language The country enjoys the most
complete tranquility, and it Is deeply I'M
pressed on the minds of the people that
they ought not and cannot successfully at
tack the Constitutional authorities. The
laws have acquired an incontrovertible as
tendency in public opinion; and IN future
there will be no party so lnconslderate as
to attempt political changes by means of
force or by any other means than those au-
thorized by the Constitution, in accordance
with the pacific spirit of the age"
The financial condition of the country IS
unfavorable, it is true, but it is still far from
that hopeless state OF ENHANCEMENT under
when hfXltO IL UOW idbNliuZ u lli'lf
careful supervision of the sources of reve-
nue., with strict economy in the dlsburse-
ments of the Government, would in a few
wears remove all embarrassment in that de-
partment. In the year 1888, four years
after the division of Colombia, the re-
ceipts of New-Grenada were 1881 ,S36
and the expenditures N2,2ll,55i, leaving
balance of >I26,2S2. According to a law
of Congress the surplus revenue, with one
eighth of the customs and the profits of the
national lands, were appropriated to the
PAYMENT of the English debt. In the re-
port of the Minister of Finance this year,
the estimated revenue for the year term
mating August 81, 1852, Is : l,9ll,s9i, and
the expenditures S2,6o2,2 PA, leaving def
cit of S74O,33O Nearly half of this, how
ever. is attributed to the abolition of the
tobacco monopoly by the present Congress.
The foreign commerce of New Grenada Is
estimated at about S6,O00,000 annually, one
third of which is in the hands of Great Brl-
tain, whose cotton goods supply the market
The exports to the United States are prin-
cipally hides, tortoiseshell and specie, with
some dye-woods.
The policy of President Lopez and his
predecessor, Gen. Mosquera, has been libe-
raj and enlightened, but the progress of any
Improvement which shall affect the great
mass of the people, Is necessarily slow IN
these indolent tropical regions. Out OF .
population of two millions only forty per
cent are pure white blood, the remainder
being a mixed Indian and Spanish race.
The laborers belong mostly TO The latter di-
vision, and are hardy and athletic class.
On them devolves the cultivation OF the
soil, for which they receive from three to
four reals $50 cents) each, daily finding
their own subsistence. The attention of
the Government has lately been directed
TO the encouragement of Agriculture
General Mosquera, who OWNS a large
amount of landed property, spent last winter
IN this country, and on his return carried out
a great quantity of Agricultural implements
of all kinds. Means have also been taken
to attract emigration from Europe, and the
terms offered by the Government to all set
tiers are unusually liberal Hitherto, the
number of those who awaited themselves
of these offers has been small, As the Gov
eminent can only spare an appropriation
of some $4,000 annually, in turtherance
of its purpose. Now. however, when the
gold region of Choco Is thrown open TO all
the world, without restriction, and the dura-