The New York herald., 1851-07-15

Our South American Correspondence.

0m humiliation of RosaS-Ih Need of an
American Narai Force Some account of M)ate
rideo, &c., &c.
We have startling news here 1t is reported, and
curreotly believed, that Urquiza, the Governor of
Entire Rios, has pronounced against Rosas! Besides
the Brazilians, as if by preconcerted arrangement
are concentrating formidable naval squsdron at
this port to act against Orbe, the General of the
Buenos Ayrean "aruy Of occupation" who, by the
way, is more than suspected of lukewarm feelings
towards his terrible chief the relentless despot of
Buenos Ayres, who executed, few weeks ago, for
alleged treason, the near knsman of Oribe. Il is
also said that Brazil is pushing forward powerful
land force, to act in conjunction with her squadron
But the governors of Correntes and of Paragua, if
they have not openly declared, it is believed are
ready to do So and join Urquza in this decisive
movement
Parsgua is not, strictly speaking, a component
of the Argentine confederation, and it is probable
that its sympathy with Urquizs springs from mo-
tives identical with those that lie at the bottom of
his pr0uumciamey,to, viz free trade The restric-
tions of Rosas upon the trade Of the rivers have
borne hardly upon all the upper pro yinces, but
especially upon Entire Rios, and personally upon its
governor, Crquiza, who is merchant as well as
military chieftain and political ruler. A revolu-
tOn, therefore, seems inevitable and as almost any
change in the internal affairs Of this much vexed
country would be gain for this city, the Monte
videans exult greatly at this news. Rosas ap-
heretofore been the chief 'fghting man" of
the copfederacy. A feeling of jealousy and ILL
will has long existed between these two men,
and perhaps the ambitious Governor of Entire
Rios, deemng the time favorable for break
ing with ROsas, has made the most of his griev-
ances. The wealthy and influential part Of the
population of Buenos Ayres, are by no means
while, Of "the rest of mankind" England and
Franco, we know, have no reason for showing him
any favor, for, although the former backed out
rather shabbily from their attitude of wsrlike
the latter (France) has yet made no terms with
Rosas, and keeps here considerable squadron,
while she yet holds possession, and defends, with
1000 veteran troops, the beleagured city of Monte
video. Nor do We believe that Brazil, whom Rosss
affects to despise, will be found to be contemplate
foe. 1t is therefore probable that Oribe will be COM
PEELED to raise the blockade of Montevideo, and
commence col his retreat with prospect Of being ont
structiOn of Oribe would leave Rosas almost with
out a general. 1t i, believed that he has none
other he could trust; such Of his military chiefs as
he does not fear are incompetent, and, if he has
competent one, he would hesitate to trust him with
an army in this country, where he feels himself TO
be object of hatred and where success in war is
the infallible road to political supremacy. Oribe
has, at present, it i, said, four or Eve thou
sand men in his entrenched camps around Monte
video; but they are represented as by no mean,
formidable, at least in what the French call the
n,0;-aH Of an army, and rs his communications must
be soon cut o., it is not seen but that he will have
to risk battle with superior frose, or make sxd.
den and disastrous retreat. or perhaps surrender.
The operations about Montevideo are, therefore,
becoming. interesting The city is, of course,
secure 30 long as the French hold possession; but
there have been painful rumors Of the speedy with
drawal OF their protection 1t WILL in that event. be
obliged to depend upon its own resources, by no
means strong or secure assurance in the event of
success on the part Of Oribe. Such possibility
fills the inhabitants Of this exposed town with we'll
founded terror. Montevideo contains only some
seven thousand people, including the foreign resi-
dents who OF course would be involved in the gene
raj ruin. With the present prospect general un.
asiness seems but natural.
For political reasons connected with their former
complicated relations with Rosas, the English have
not of late kept any naval force in the river and
days ago, the English residents while they abused
their own government for leaving them so defence
less, have become accustomed to look to our own
squadron, 10 the last resort, with the same conf
dence as those who have national right to the pro-
lection Of the star spangled Aegis No doubt our
little squadron would afford them all the relief in
its power, but what, in the event ofsuch calamity
are its present means for afordng aid and succor!
The United states are great nation, one Of the
greatest ON earth; her sails whten every sea, her
merchants are found in every port, her citizens re-
side in every habitsble part Of the globe, her
this southern section Of mig hty continent, her
trade Is second to that Of other commercial ma
ton And yet at this critical jun ,ture, her whole
naval force consists Of one ffgste and brig Of
war The friyste, Is no doubt, a very foe one;
perhaps fully match for anything Of her class in
the world, either in the mere national weight Of her
broadsides or IN the character Of her officers, or
the tkill and daring Of the gallant tars who man
her batteries But after all, she is only force of
some four hundred men, and the brig of sixty or
seventy more. In times like the present, of wars
and revolution, when the citizens of the United
States are pursuing their lawful business, in coun
tries thus mperied; and where, in n port like this
Of Mon.eviieo, nothing but the presence Of our ma
ticnal ships can give US any feeling Of security
We, too, are apt to complain, or at least to ask,
queruousy, why our govern ment does not take
better care Of US. Is Squadron, whose duties and
cruising ground extends from the river Amazon to
Cape Horn, and from Cape Frio to the Cape Of
Good Hope, including many ports which should
never be LETT day without some American man Of
war, ready TO protect American intsrests-is such
squadron sufficient or respectable, when it consists
Of one frigste, and one brig Above all, can you
q plain what all the miserable cant about the nom
necessity Of navy for the United States, or, quite
as bad Of converting strong war ships into suse-
fuf (God save the markD packe. vessels, really
meansi Is there not some enormous swindle at
the bottom Of this IL not, what do our pseudo
philosophers and patriots at home really intend
could only wish TO have q fe~ Of these enlightened
sehemers cut here at this time, with their wives
and little ones shut up in q beleagured' South
american CITY, and tbey and their property threa.
tened with fearful ruin by an army OF savage
Guschos; | think Il would teach them a lesson.
navy composed Of mail packets and freight car.
rers, forsooth, An American navy Of such a
character would, doubtless, be very pleasing to
our enemies; but II requires but little skill, or
but limited prophets powers, foresee how shame
ful and disastrous IL would be to the nation. That
steame fitted for the purposes Of commerce, and
carrying the public mails, are useful, and a great
good to our country, cannot reasonably be doubted,
and II is to be hoped that, under the judicous pa
tronage Of government they may every sea:
but that they will permanently take the place Of q
navy, or be considered ne forming ans effective
part thereof, is altogether prcposterous. Yet
steamers planned and constructed wholly and orr
gnaly for war purposes, are doubtless, within the
scope Of their employment (as an auxiliary force),
i'm portsnt accessories 90 well constituted squadron
OF railing ships; and, at this time, vossel of
war, of light draught, would be a quite invaluable
accession 20 our little FEET In the river; but u 10
obvious that she should be wholly at the disposal Of
the com nnder of iha snnndrnn that Ia ha 4hnllx