The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-05-16

gloomy, ghostly, and, indeed, CHASTITY. They indi
cate sckly locality, as truly as stagnant swamy
indicates chills and feyers. The rice country
abounds with these emblems Of the graveyard
And yet the slave population get fat and live TO
good old age, engaged in the rice culture, and ex-
pose themselves to the heat, in the water, and Il
the deadly night air, with comparative IMMUNITY.
In this rice culture, whites, Americans, English,
Dutch or Irish, especially the latter would die,
by the cholera. To some extent, the same may be
said Of the cotton culture. Hence the tenacity OF
South Carolina to the institution Of slavery. Her
great staples are only to be successfully produced
by the black man-his constitution IS adapted to
heat, and the air of hot swampy country; and the
white man cannot be acclimated to them, and the
labor of the rice and cotton crops all experience
in this chapter is at fault
But to escape further discussion of the negro ques-
ton ask leave to close with the single ark, that
an impartial, honest minded Northern man, coming
into South Carolina, and observing for few days
or weeks the extent Of her connection with the in
sttution of slavery, its adaptation to her SOIL cli-
mate, and products, and the dependence of her
social existence upon the preservation of this inst
tuition, will homeward return with something added
to that spirit of patriotism enjoined by the federal
constituton-that spirit of forbearancc, lbcrality
and christianity, upon which this 7 Mon is founded
under which alone this Union can be preserved, and
without which 1t is IA mochery, AMI terror, and
desPotsm;; w: !.
Artillery stationed at Fort Moulrie, had hostile
meeting yesterday, Mt Sullivan's Island. After an
exchange Of shots, by which Edwards was slightly
wounded in the back, the difficulty reconcilcd
We understand that the day previously Edwards
ate provocaton to the challenge. A lady, we be-
lieye, was at the bottom of the Misunderstanding
as usual.
CHARLESTON lloTEL, S. c., May II, 1851.
TIE Late Conreation-Present attitude Of South
Carolina. the People and the S,ate-Nar More
nasnts of Fast Importance az the Sorth-Tnolpii-
caAe Condition OF The Presidential Question Ms.
esilaneo,s Adars-7he Journey Sonth-H1teL, &c.
Revolutions are seldom retrogressive. A long
series Of prosecutions and oppression, through .
lapse OF many years, and in earlier times, through
lapse Of agcs, have been requi red to bring suf
ferng people to the practical issue Of revolution
But then return to the old state of things, except
by force Of arms is almost hopeless Aud where .
long period is passed in efectng the arrangement
between people and a government, the rupture,
when Effected is only the more radical and difficult
Of accommodation.
South Carolina is in this position. Her feelings
are alcnated from the Union. If history be true,
there was not even an approximation among the
colonies against Great Britain, in l776 to that
unaniInity which row exists in South Carolina
against the federal government and their connec-
ton with that overwhelming and overbearing
Northern majority which controls it.
Heretofore, for a long period, disunion was held
up in tororun the heads Of the North, as the
last desperate alternative 1t has been considered,
the consequences estimated the costs counted, and
the result il, that between peace in the Union, and
oil the hazards Of dissolution, il the question
submitted to the people Of South Carolina to-mor-
row morning, at least threefourths Of them, we
venture the Notifying confession, would vote for
the dissolution of the Union. In cooperation, or
hc lraa mn nj lpD has ma
the settled policy of the State.
The conservative clements Of the Union are de-
stroyed, and the antisayery sentiment ofthe North,
the Increasing power Of the North, and the extend
ing sectional spirit to exercise this power against
the weaker section, impel South Carolina to escape
from a connection which can only terminate in her
ruin, from the destruction Of her social system.
u is toleraby safe to assume, that in a vast CON-
munity, composed, for example, Of two geographic
cal sections, the laws usages customs, institutions
and seniments, OF the stronger section, will natu-
rally tend TO absorb and suporcedc tho social, po-
tical, and religious institutions Of the weaker Sec
ton.
Ii would also seem to be natural conclusion that
the weaker section, 20 escape the absorption, must
quit the corar'nership, and assume to itself that
complete sovereignty, without which, it cannot be
secure.
These views, we suspect, are good and valid
South Carolina distractions; and while the Union
and its TENDENCIES to Northern absorption and fe DO
raj consolidation, has ceased to be yeneratod,
thing, we apprehend, short Of a Southern confcde-
racy or separate secession will avail TO satisfy this
commonwealth.
ncous people peculiarly so. majority Of the
population are slayes-a large proportion OF the
whites slaveowners. The wants cf the plan
taiion, not supplied by the slaves upon II, have
heretofore been suppliedby foreign or by Northern
importatiors. Thus, home manufactures have been
excludcd-there has been little or no white immi-
grafton to tic state. and comparatively very little
emigration from il. 20 that in the midst Of the
sttfre gb hftVry anfN kpffSa md
confusion in other parts Of the Union, South
Carolina mains the same attached TO her anciout
traditions. uSagcs, and customs, consistent and con-
sentative, opposed OF all things to violent dis
tmhance, vet full Of martial spirit, and ready for
I'll the consequences Of revolution, 10 order 10 avert
the approachcs Of tho North With all The appliances
Of a domestic insurrection.
With such people, situated, and thus edu-
Gated, we may readily account Cor their continued
indi gnaiion at the late adjustment Of Me- Clay,
aud their very manifest desires TO get out OF the
Union.
We have remarked already upon the singular
spirit Of cnanimity of the late conv nton and We
repeat that "a the Legislature, tho regular State
Convention, and the mas Of tho people, 81 tho
same materials, IL Is difficult to count upon any
fof South Csrolirs, except the alternative Of
re.0t.
A combined movement 10 The Southern States
for the line Of 10 ~ for California and for de-
handing q the North solemn guaranty Of abso-
lutte non int ryontiCn, In Congress, on the slavery
question, may possibly prevent the eKpedient Of
separate STATE action but our sppreheusons
stronger than our hopes.
Without any very specific information, we are yet
appreed that this late convention u to be followed
up by other correspondent movements in this state,
Rnd in other Southern States; and that they arc to
comprehend new organization, u yoly important
ard comprehensive character.
We understand that tdc project involves the or.
ganiyAtion Of Southern consideration party over
III the SoHth, upon toe basis Of State rights, State
sovereignty. aud Northern and federal agres lions,
aad With a object Of a combined movement which
viii carry tho whole extreme South with south Ca.
roliua IN tho net of secession.
There i n very considerable party in Georgia,
Alatama, Florida, and Mics ssippi. ready nov to
cooperate in this movement; ana II was declared.
IN this late Convention, that in correspondence with
these parties. they had forcshadowcd the basis er
organization. II was, that South Carolina should
stand her ground nj ell hazards and that her atii.
udc. firmly nainta med for separate recession, would
react g Fcri9ly N the other cotton states that