davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23
A MOUNTAIN OF MAGNEsrA-On Pitch

A MOUNTAIN OF MAGNEsIA On Pitch
Tor Pitt River, the principal affluent of
the Sacramento, which flows through a
charming valley, and about five days
journey from Goose Lake, there is hill
of pure Carbonate of Magnesia, 100 feet
high. Much of it is perfectly white,
while some is more or less discolored
with iron, as if painter had been striv-
ing to give effect by coIoring of light and
shade Large masses are easily detached
which. rolling down into the river tha:
washes its base. floated off as light and
buoyant as cork, until it became satnrat
ed with water. A thousand wagons
could be loaded in very short time, and
there is enough to supply the whole
world. For three days travel below, the
soil seems to be impregnated with it, aud
ihe banks of the rives is formed of it.
Pacific Ne,Os.
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23

VERMONT AND THE FUGrTIvE SLAVE LAw.-The
Richmond Wing publishes long letter from the
Hon. Samuel s. Phelps, late U. 8 Senator from
Vermont, to Joseph Segar, Esq, member Of the
Virginia House of Delegates, explaining the cir
cumstances undes which the Vermont law in op-
position to the execution of the Fugitive Slave
law of the last session of Congress was enacted
The letter is dated, Senate Chamber, Jan l 85,l
The following is an extract:
81 hesitate not to say, in the most unequivocal
manner, (and in this have the concurrence OF my
colleague in the Senate, and believe that of the
entire delegation of Vermont,i that the act
ferred to does not 'embodv the deliberate sense of
the people of Vermont may add with truth,
that it does not, in my opinion, en,bojy the de-
liberate sentiment Of the legislative body Of the
State. The act was buried through the Legis-
lature at the close of the session, iii the absence
OF many of the members, without discussion
explanation of its character and effect, and have
ieason to believe in utter ignorance on the part
of many members who were present, of its obec-
tiouable features. Such was the haste attending
the passage Of The act that the first intimation to
the public that such measure was in contem-
plation, was through the publication Of the law
ITSELF That publication produced general sur
prise, and, among men of reflection, almost uni
versal and very deep regret. The act is disap-
proved by the almost entire press, and doubt
not, by vast majority of the people Of the State.
1t certainly was received by her delegation in
Congress with sentiments of regret and deep NOR
thcatiou, as inilicing stain upon the high char
acter of her people Tor patriotism, attachment TO
The Union and submission to constitutional author
ty; and as classifying the professions and pledges
SO boldly and confidently made, during recent
exciting discussions, by her delegation, on the
floors Of Congress. The law has been the subject
Of general discussion by the press of that State,
and, with or two exceptions, has received from
that source the most pointed reprobation. have
seen but one or two attempts TO vlndicate IT.
Perhaps the courtesy due to the source from which
those efforts supposed to proceed, forbid the
expression that they may be characterized as
weak; but that theY will fail to satisfy the people
Of the State of the propriey and constitutonality
of the act of her Legislature, most confidently
predict.
No attempt has been made, will be made, to
sustain the right of the State to override modify,
or annu an act of Congress by State legislation.
The only attempt to vindcate the law, whicn has
fallen under my observation, consists in the effor,
to reconcile the law of the State with the act Of
Congress commonly called the Fugitive lava
task hopeless, in my Judgment. that whoever
attempts it will very soon find it most convenient
and most agreeable TO reIiuqnsh it,
Mr.. Phelps expresses his belief that, when the
Legislature meets again, the act will be promptly
repealed
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23

The New CoIN.-The die for the three
cent pieces, ordered to be coined by the
last Congress, has been finished, and the
coinage would be proceeded with at once
at our MINI, but FOR a defect in the law,
which makes uo provision for procuring
the silver and copper to commence with.
In consequence, the coinage will be de-
layed until the proper steps are taken by
the authorities at Washington to remedy
the deficiency. The new coin is decided
ly neat and tasty; and will be in mea-
sufe convenient substitute for coppers.
1t is one-fourlh copper and three -fourths
silver, SO that the baser metal affects the
color but slightly. In size it is between
the gold dollar and five cent piece, but
it is so much thinner than either, that a
blind man can easily distinguish them
apart by the touch. The face of the coin
has capital G, with 3 in numerals, in
.dlcating The value of the coin embraced
within it, Around the edge are the thir-
teen stars for the original States. On
the reverse is a star. having in its centre
an American shield, and around the edge,
United States of America, 1851
Philadelphia Ledger.
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23

LOOKING ON AT FIRE-A long ac-
count of terrible conAagration In the
Land of Tea, thus concfudes:-
"Such a sterrible confagration was
never known, we will not say in China.
but in the whole world. AS native
from Ham-yan-tee was surveying the
scene of dessoIation, he was so Impressed
with the number of the victims, that he
ordered. at his own cost. ten thousand
coffins 70: the interment of the bodies,
which could be afforded for five or six
francs. This sum is paid by the poor
for their coffinS; usually they cost them
from thirty to forty francs, and the rich
pay several thousand, for the poor indo-
laters imagine that the more is done tor
the body the better it will be with the
SOUL"
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23
WHERE WAS WASHINGTON BoRN-The Bostt

WHERE WAS WASHINGTON BoRN.-The Boston
Iseworth, MddIesex, England, February 25, 1851,
written by Mr.. George Field, and addressed to
George Harvey, Esq, Winthrop House, BOSTON,
of Washington's mother. Which he wishes to pre-
sent to our Government. MIR. Field is seventy
five years old, and gentleman in every way to
be relied He raises the question of w ashing-
tons native land by the following paragraph;
"It happened when was boy, that being in
the neghborhood of Cook kham, Berkshire, with
uncle Of m.ne, he pointed out a pretty country
cottage in which The parents OF General WASH
ngton resided, and from which they removed TO
America. Our road led to green or common,
where there resided Mrs. Ann More9, whose
maiden name was, believe, Taylor, who there
showed me the portrait of Mrs. Washington, aud
other relics Of the family, given to her when they
Quilted the place for America, to which country
her aunt and mother, she told ME, ''took their son
George Washington in her arms. | believe
use her own expression"
Mr.. Field subsequently purchased this po rtat,
and says he has shown it 10 numberess persons,
and that he was Induced 10 address letter to
Judge Washington at Mount Vernon, in 1924,
offering restore the picture, but did not receive
an anSwer.-Ptc.
There is hardly native citizen Of the United
States who does not know, from historical record
and undispnted oral tradition, that George Wash
ngton was native OF Wesmoreand county,
Virginia, where he was born on the 22d of Feb
ruary, (new style,) 1882.
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23
The TEXAN INDEMNITY CERTIFICATES.

HE 1ExAN INDEMNITY CERTIFICATES.
Anese documents are thus described;
Ihe 800 certificates have vigne;te
OF Liberty, of very pretty design. To
the lett OF the plate is a new and beauti-
ful design of "America." It consists of
female figure, with her left hand on a
shield, and pole supporting liberty cap
resting on her knee. Around her, arrang-
ed in graceful folds, and forming her
drapery, is the American flag; whilst in
the background is seen view of the
Capitol. Altogether, the design is one of
the most pleasing | have ever seen. On
the right of the plate is Texan ranger,
At the bottom on either side are excellent
likenesses of the Attorney General, Crit
tenden, and the Secretary of the Interior,
Stuart The $500 certificates have SINH
lar figures differently arranged the plate
of "America" being the vignette' and
farmer instead of the Texan ranger. The
Secretary of the Treasury, MIR. Corwin,
and Senator Pearce, figure OH either side.
The $1,000 certificates have the same
plates. with the exception of the farmer,
who is made to give place to sailor.
OCSiCIotiOo w COStCI duu SOi w III dIO ICpc
resented at the bottom. The $4,000
certificates have, instead of sailor, a
figure of Justice with her eye open,
CTexas Justice,) and her hand placed
conveniently to the sword very pretty
and appropriate device, which should
have been placed on all the plates. Upon
one side of the plate is a likeness of Wash
ington. and on the other the Chief Justice,
Marshall.
There is also one coupon bond for
$1,000, which is transferable by delivery,
similar to a bank note in this respect.
In addition to the figure of "America" it
has view of the Treasury Department
on one side, and on the other picture
emblematical of commerce and agricuI-
ture. President Taylor and Fillmore are
represented at the foot. There are 28
copies attached. for the payment of the
semi-annual interest.
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23
KossurH IN HIS Ex1LE.-The followino

KossUTH IN HIS ExILE.-The following Q
description of this banished patriot is
given in letter published in an English
provincial paper, the writer being resi-
dent of Broussa;
saw him at Broussa. Oh, the spirit
of patriotism that circulates his soul. 1t
would almost enchant you to hear him
talk in English. What, then, must be
the effect of listening to his eloquence in
his own native language! My interview
with him was delightful. / don't won-
der at the enthusiasm with which he is
regarded by his country. I believe he is
yet destined to accomplish great things
for his country. You will perhaps scarce
ly believe it, but he seldom sees a news
paper, and is ignorant of many of the
transactions now going on in Europe,
because the post is very irregular to Kuta-
va. l should like to send him two OF
three numbers of the Leeds Mercury,
which occasionally receive.
Many travellers in passing to Kntaya'
call at our house, and thus we have
certain opportunity of forwarding letters.
papers or parcels, as Franks, Americans,
or English, are not searched. A friend,
an American, from Kutaya, called week
or two ago. He says Kossuth is much
dissatisfied with his situation. He spent
two or three days with him. they
(the exiles) lived iii kind of barracks
l believe the Turks do al they can to
make him and his companions comforta-
BILE. But you can have no conception Of
the grand difference between English
comforts and those of this country Here
there are no household comforts bnt those
of your own creation. Without fur coats
you cannot in winter, keep yourselves
warm, for the houses are made TO let in
and not keep out the cold. Winters here
are intensely cold. Kossuth, you know,
is under the care of Suliman Bey, who is
remarkably nice fellow.
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23

THE KAFFIRs.-The Kafir is, just row.
the subject of much interest. We clip, from
exchange, the following account of it: From all
that we can CLEAN, the conflict seems TO be waged
by the Kaffirs with unusual boldness and atrocity,
AND with the utmost contempt OF British authority
which at last account in some danger of being
long resisted by the wild natives, against the
slender military force at command. The British
possession of Cape Colony, captured from the
Dutch in 1895, restored at the peace Of Amiens,
again conquered in S06, and finally confirmed TO
the English by the Congress of Vienna, in 1918,
has for its area about 1000 square miles, with
a population of about 10000. Cape Town is
the largest in the colony, and its population is
10000. Graham's Town borders Caffraria, the
land of the Kaffrs, and is the military head
quarters of the government for watching the
movements Of the wild race on that, the eastern
frontier. The Kaffrs mixture Of the negro
aud the Arab. They are handsome, vigorous,
people, of deep, glossy brown color, with features
almost European, and lrzzIed but not wooIly hair.
They are; perhaps, Of all nations the most pasio-
raj, and have large herds Of horued cattle They
live on milk, and seldom kill any of their own
oxen 1t is said that they can bring 100000
soldiers nto the field. In their present quarrel
with the British, they are assisted by the Hotten-
tots, or Bushmen, most terocious tribe. No
doubt England will triumph in this, she has in
other contests, but the fact set forth at the begin
ming of this article will nevertheless be completely
made out. 1t is subject worthy of earnest re-
fiecton and begins TO awaken much interest in
England.
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23
LAWYERS IN THE UNITED STATEs.-The

LAWYERS IN THE UNITED STATES.
following is the proportion of each in the
several States: Alabama. 692; Arkansas.
264; California, returns incomplete.) 63;
Connecticut 335; Delaware, so; District
Of Columbia, 81; Florida. us; Georgia,
69S; Illinois. 71O; Indiana, 1872; Iowa,
2l3; Kentucky, $50; Louisiana, 479;
Maine. 52S; Maryland, 543: Massachu-
setts, l,O4O; Michigan. 422; Minnesota,
"a; Mississippi. 700; Missouri. 5o4; New
Hampshire. 3O3; New Jersey, 307; New
Mexico. 13; New York, 4.374; North
Carolina. 435; Ohio. 1859; Oregon. 20;
Pennsylvania. 1,739; Rhode Island, 1l2;
South Carolina, 433; Tennessee. 735;
Texas, 499; Vermont. 432; Virginia, l,27s;
Wisconsin. ATT.
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23

GEN. BRooKE.-The National Intelli-
gencer, announcing the death of Brevet
Major General George M. Brooke, gives
also the following particulars ofhis history:
General Brooke entered the army,
from Virginia, on the Sd of May, 1908,
as first Lieutenant in the 5th infantry.
He was promoted to the rank of captain
the lst of May. 1910; to that major of
the 4th infantry in 1914; to that of lieu
tenant colonel same regiment 1st March,
1S49, and in July, 1881, to the rank of
colonel in the 9th infantry. His first
brevet was that of lieutenant colonel,
August Is, 1914, for gallant conduct in
the defence of Fort Erie;'' his second
was that of "merito-ious services in the
sortie from Fort Erie He was made a
brevet brigadier general, Sept. 18th, 1884,
''for ten years faithful services as colonel;
aud he was brevetted major general,
May 80, 1913, '.for mefitofious conduct,
particularly in the performance of his
duties in the prosecution of the war with
Mexico"
Fort Brooke. at Tampa Bay. was estab-
lished by him, and received his name, in
1924, where he was stationed for num-
ber of years. At the time of his death
he was in command of the 9Th military
department, CTexas.) and engaged in plan
ming an expedition against the Indians.
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23
PLANK Road Meeting.

yr ,ccordance with pre yious notice, meeting
.s held At the court house in this place on Mon
dav the 2lst inst for the purpose OF making some
arrangements for the formation and organiza''on
of a company TO construct flaDk Road ifon'
Washington to Fulton, on Red River. and 10 So
licit subscriptions to the capital stoch tnereoi
On motion of DR.. b P. Jett, W. II. Etter was
called 10 the Chair, and J. B. Sandefur was ap-
pointed Secretary.
The following proposition was submitted 10 Tue
consideration OF the meeting by Dr. Jett, ana was
unanimously adopted:
FeeIing the Immediate necessity, and great
importauce of well. directed effort, in the I'M
provement of our country, to promote It's advance
ment. aud fully develope its rich resources by
tfardi,o easy facilities of travel and transPo'ta-
ton. we. the subscribers, do agree to form our
selves into a company TO be styled the wv ash.
iny,on and Red River Plank Road Company,
for the purpose Of building Flank koac from
Washington, in Hampstead county, to Fulton, on
Red River, under such rules and regulations as
NAV be granted us under the general corporation
law Of the State of Arkansas, for the purpose OF
obta;pinu which, we do severally bind and oblgate
ourselves to subscribe for, and secure the payment
Of the several sums annexed to our names, to DC
d;ydad in shares Of fifty dollars each, in proper
ins, ailments as may be required by the President
and Directors Of said Company, to be hereafter
chosen by the Company, under such rules and
regulations az the Company shaii agree upon anu
determine after the sum Of $2O,OO0 shall have
been subscribed and secured as hereinbeore speci-
fed.
Given under our hands this 9 st Of April, 1851
On motol, the following gentlemen were APP
pointed committee to solicit Subscriptions OF
stock, viz: DR.. B. p. Jett, II. p Johnson, Abraham
Block, E. j. Smith and E. Nance, with instruc-
tons to report TO meeting to be held at the court
house in this place on Monday the first day of
MAY next, to which time the meeting, on motiou
adjourned
w. II. ETTER, Gin.
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23
Mn. WEBsrER.-This distinguished statesm

Mr.. WEBsrER-Ths distinguished statesman
left Washington the 3lst ult. on his way TO
MarshfieId, where he will remain a few weeks,
SAYS the National Integencer, to give attention
to his home affairs, and to recruit his health, which
has very berceptibly suffered from long season
of ncessani official occupation. In his absence
the duties of the department will be performed by
VIM S. Derrick, Esq Acting Secretary.
Mr.. Webster arrived at Harrisburg, Pa, on the
lst inst lie visited the capital Of the Keystone
State, to return his Acknowledgements TO the Leg
islature, for its unanimous vote Of thanks for his
able vindcaton of the principles and policy of our
Government, in his reply to Chevaer Husemann.
An address was delivered by Gov. Johnson, in the
Hall of the House of Representatives,. TO which
Mr. Webster replied in appropriate terms.
In relation to this visit, which was made in
compliance with the invitation Of the Legislature
of Pennsylvania, a communication in the Wash
ingion Intelligencer says
TO every mind in which the spirit of envy and
detraclon has not destroyed all generous impulse,
it must be delightful TO read to these repeated
tributes of appreciation, the high estimate which
public sentiment has placed ON the services which
this eminent statesman has so recently rendered
TO every section Of the Union. 1t is pleasant
sight, when a slave holding and free State, dis
daining political differences and sectional jeal-
ouses, unite in pouring out mutual lbation in
honor of general beneiastor.
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23

A magnificent gold watch has been
received in Washington, as present by
some young men in California, to Senator
Douglas. author Of the bill for the ad:
mission OF California into the Union.
No person was allowed to subscribe a
sum exceeding five cents toward the
object, and the subscription consisted OF
$500. This watch is hunting case, on
one side Of which is the arms of the State
of IIlinois-on the reverse those Of Cali
fornia.
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23

ANOTHER ARCTIC ExPEDIrIoN.-1'he intense in
terest aud anxiety still felt in the safety of Sir
John Franklin and the heroic crews OF the Erebus
and Terror-in particular the anxious solicitude
of Lady Franklin and, probably, the fact of the
government reward of 200 for the discovery
of the missing voyagers being still obtaina BILE
have led TO the undertaking Of another expedition,
TO sail from Aberdeen.
The Prince Albert will ag ain be fitted ont and
manned, and will proceed TO Prince Regents n-
let, where the ship Will be laid up in such safe
and convenient harborage can he found The
party will then proceed in boats SO far as can be
reached by open water they will cross the 18TH
mus Of Booihia and follow out tleir search as far
to the westward possible, here beats can
not be worked "hyacks' will be used, which, with
the assistance Of the EsquimauX, will enable the
party to proceed one or two hundred miles farther
than boats could carry them, the 'kyacks"
be rolled up and dragged the ice. 1t is
proposed that The expedition shall remain out one
season; and, if the state of the weather and the
ice be favorable, it is expected that very extern
sive search will be effected.
The Prince Albert, it is hoped, will be able 10
reach Lancaster Sound by the middle of June.
The expedition will be under the command Of
Captain William Kennedy, who has come here
from America for that purpose. Mr.. Kennedy
has very intimate acquaintance with the Arctic
regions, having served for considerable period IN
the employ Of the Hudsons Bay Company. lie
wntered eight years in Labrador, and was tie
first Europeau who explored the norlhernmt st
po:n. OF that icy coast.
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23
New Goods.
Great Bargains for Cash.

TN addition to our present stock, we are <e,zN
l. receiving general assortment of new 49,.
and seaspnahIe Goods. Our stock consists 41EtSs.
of Fancy and Staple Dry Goods. Hats, Caps,
Bounels, Boots and Shoes, Clothing, Hardware,
Cutlery. .Crockeryware, Tinware, Saddles. Brides,
WOODWARD, Flour, Sugar, Coffee, Molasses,
Liquors, Soap, Candles, Starch, Spices, Preserved
Fruits, Fish, Cheese, and many other articles.
We will make it the interest Of purchasers to give
us their custom, who wish to buy cheap for cash.
Ca!l and try
D'ARMOND g. SILLIMAN,
West of the Hotels.
Washington, April 9, 1851. tl4:tf
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23

The CENSUS OF THE UNITED STATES
The Washington Globe, in review of
the census of the United States, as far
as ascertained, says that the results are
curious, and sometimes startling. Ten
years ago Wisconsin had population of
81, 900, and now it has 100000. Iowa,
of $4,000. now 175,0OO. The greatest
absolute increase has been in the State
of Ohio. now 2,150.OOO, in 1910. 1,42O,-
900. The greatest relative increase has
been in Wisconsin. California we re gard
as an exceptional case, otherwise she
shows the greatest relative increase of
more than two thousand per cent. in two
years. Her population is now not much
under 200 600, probably. The smallest
absolute increase has been in Delaware,
now 9O,407, in 194O. 78O95. The small
est relative increase has been in Vermont,
now 314,332, in lS40, 1925. The
slave States show population of about
100000 in number, in 1S40 it was
1922 900. The population of the Dis
trict of Columbia was in 1910, 33,745;
it is now $4,000 showing considerable
increase, aud this. We presume, is exlcu-
sive OF the portion retroceGed TO Virginia,
about oue-third as regards Territory, but
much less as regards population.
Washington telegraph., 1851-04-23
Notice.

T HEREBY forewarn all persons from trading
i for three certain promissory notes Of hand
executed by me to George o. Britt for six hundred
dollars each, and dated January llth, 1850
one of them due January lst, 1852: one January
lst, 1853; and one January lst, 1854. AS said
notes were frauduIently obtained and the con-
sideration for which they given having
failed, am determined not to pay any of them
unless compelled by law.
JAMES w. PRIM.
April 7, 1851. 1868