The republic., 1851-03-13

RIOuuQb IrOm tnO66 10 WHICH l nave IoieIIeu.
allude to such as have for their object the
Improvement Of our barbors, the rensoval Of
partial and temporary distractions IN our
: navigoble riuers, for the facility and security
: Of our foreign commerce. The grounds upon
: which distinguished appropriations of this
character from others have already been stated
to Congress. | will now only add that, at
the first session of Congress under the new
Constitution, it was provided by law that all
expenses which should accrue from and after
the 18th day Of August, 1889, in the neces-
sary support and maintenance and repairs Of
all lighthouses, beacons, buoys, and public
piers, erected, placed, or sunk before the pas
sage OF the act, within any bay, inlet, harbor,
or port of the United States, for rendering
the navigation thereof easy and safe, should
be betrayed out of the Treasury of the United
States; and, further, that it should be the
duty of the Secretary Of the Treasury to
provide by contracts, with the appreciation of
the President, for rebuilding, when necessary,
and keeping in good repair, the lighthouses,
beacons, buoys, and public piers, in the sew
eral States, and for furnishing them with
supplies. Appropriations for similar objects
have been continued from that time to the
present, without interruption or dispute. AS
natural consequence of the increase and
entry and delivery have been multiplied and
established, not only upon our seabOard, but
in the interior of the country, upon our lakes
and navigable rivers. The convenience and
safety Of this commerce have led to the grad
ual extension of these expenditures to the
erection of lighthouses, the placing, plant
ing, and sinking of buoys, beacons, and piers,
and to the removal Of partial and temporary
obstructions in our ,laUigable riUers, and in
the harbors upon our great lakes, as a0eu as
8 ON the seGb0Grd. Although / have expressed
to Congress my apprehension that these ex-
pendtures have sometimes been extravagant,
and disproportionate to the advantages to be
derived from them, / hare not felt It to be nay
: duty to refuse my assent to bills. containing
them, and haze contented myself to tollo,o, IN
this respect, IN the footsteps Of all my Prede-
cessors."
We reprinted few days since that part Of
President FILLMoRE's annual message which
related to this subject. Our readers may now
compare his views with those of President
JACKSON, as expressed in the message from
which we have here quoted. On such COM
parison they will be able to say whether the
minority ofthe Senate, or Mr.. CLAY, President
FILLMORE, and the Cabinet ministers who con-
CURED in the doctrines of his message, were
following in the track of the true Democracy"
Flax Cotton.
Few persons in England have distinguished
themselves as advocates of British free trade
more than Sir JAMES GRAHAM, member Of
the present British Cabinet, and now probably
at the head of the ministry and as it may in
terest our southern readers to see his views on
the subject Of flax cotton,we take the following
from the report of the debate on Mr.. D'IsRA-
ELI's motion, received by the last steamer.
"This question of the price of cotton did, be
thought, open up some hope for the landed inter
est. And from whence did it come?
Via prima saluts
'Quod minime reris, Graia pandetur alb urbe.
[Cheers.J A he had said from whence they
could least expect it--from Rochdale. IHear,
hear. From the house of Bright Brothers. loud
chcers.J II had been discovered through their
means that, by an invention in science, fax.s
might be used to great advantage. and in diminu-
ton of the COST in mixture with cotton wool,
sheeps-wool, and even, as he had been informed,
with silk-wool. ICheersl The loss of the potato
crop doubtless infiiction, but he could
consider no dispensation of Providence more re.
m0rRdDIc tndn tnot IL 6nOulQ nave DeCOm0 the
means, by the aid of science and skill, Of over
coming the difficulty consequent upon the dininu
ton of the supply and the increase in price Of the
raw material of our principal manufacture. BY
this discouey zoe should be in great degree made
Independent Of the foreign supply of e great staple
of our manufacture and if the cultivation of fax
met with due encouragement they would hear
but little more, he confident of the distresses
of the weavers of Carlisle.'
Sir JAMES is great admirer of the mutual
dependence ofnatons resulting from the closing
of the mills and furnaces Of the world, by
which the planters and farmers of the world are
rendered dependent on England for their sup
plies of iron and of cloth; but he would seem
equally to admire the mutual independence Of
nations, as manifested by the substitution of
English and Irish fax for Georgia and Ala
bama cotton. How long will our planters con-
tinue to aid in the maintenance of system Of
policy that drives all the spinning machinery Of
the world to the countries that can and will
grow flax at far less cost than they can grow cot
ton2
The New Orleans Bulletin.
The New Orleans papers of the 4th instant