New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-01-21
AFRICAN COLONIZATION.
sneenh Of Dir. OInx

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Of the State of Indiana. The petitioners state
that they are anxious TO remove from our land
the greatest cause Of discord, and to secure the
future welfare, harmony, and permanency of the
Union-having in view an object upon which they
believe the great body of all parties and OF every
section of the country can unlte-and respectfully
pray that Congress would pass a bill providing
means to remove from our country all that portion
of the African race who are both willing and
ready to emigrate to Africa; also, that suitable
provision be made for their real wants for one
year after their arrival in Africa and, as great
er inducement for them TO emigrate, that bounty
in land be given them on their arrival upon which
they may, with industry and economy, support
themselves and make such other provision as
may be most desirable.
/ have another, Sir, bearing some analogy to
the former, and which take particular pleasure
in presenting, both on account of the distinguish
ed and respectable source from whence It ema-
mates, and on account Of the prayer OF the petit
TONERS. It is a petition from Rhode Island, and
is signed by large number of Senators, and
most of the members Of the House OF Representa-
tives, and by great number OF ex-Governors,
ex. Senators, and ex members of the House OF he
Iresentatives, as we'll as by many OF the literatl
of that State heads of colleges, and by many prl-
vate persons. This petition, Sir, earnestly IN
vites the attention Of Congress to take measures
for the more effectua suppression of the African
think not exaggerated coors, they depict the nor
rors of that trade They state that the measures
which have been adopted by the three great
powers-Great Britain, France, and the United
States cOmbined-to suppress that trade, oy
means of keeping stationary squadron on the
coast of Africa, have totally failed Of accomplish
ing that object. They say that the only ettectual
remedy--snd, Sir, am happy to be able to con-
firm that statement from the records OF the Amer
lean Colonization Society-thus far the only
efectual remedy for the suppression OF the slave.
trade has been found TO be the establishment OF
colonies upon the western coast OF Africa; that
these colonies now occupy about one third oil the
western coast Of Africa; and so far as they occu-
py that coast and wherever they have been
PLANTED, there has been an entire and universal
suppression of the African slave trade, SO lar as
that portion of country is concerned Ihey, there
fore sir pray that line OF steamers may be es-
tablished or line OF sailing packets, for the aug
mepting of the inhabitants Of the colonies, with
view to the furtherance Of the object they desire
to see accomplished
Mr. President, will the Senate pardon me Tor
availipg myself Of this occasion to add few OBJ
servations upon the general subject SIR, docu'
ment was laid before the Senate few days ago
i think it is No 6-containiDg the correspond
ence between our public functonarles at hl0 de
Janeiro and the Department of State. 1t well de.
serves the attentive perusal OF every member oil
this body, and | have given it such. 1t appears
from that document, Sir, that Notwithstanding all
that has been done by the three great powers 10
which before referred, the slave trade IS no"
carried to perhaps greater extent IN the Empire
of Brazil than it has ever been before. During
the years 1916, l547 l545 and ls49, within the
single province of Rio de Janeiro, $4,000 slaves
were imported. The number Imported INTO the the
island of Cuba do not know, az nave no uasA
before me to show; but believe that the number
is not greatly diminished 1t is equally extended
in other portions Brazil beside the province Of
Rio de Janeiro
This document also discloses other facts, which
no American can read without profound regret
Ii shows that this trade in slaves is still carried
on TO all parts Of Brazil from the coast OF Africa,
chiefly by American vessels. In the course OF
four or five years past ninetythree American yes
sells have cleared from the ports OF Brazil for the
coast of Africa and most of them returned-sev
eral of them were captured-butt the most OF them
however returned laden with cargoes OF slaves
The mode in which they accomplished that object
is worthy of some notice. The American vessel
is bought in one of the Brazilian ports, bat she is
to be delivered in an African port She sails under
American colors is laden with provisions and
other appliances adapted to the prosecution OF tins
African slave trade. She passes o7c9 the Ocean
without molestatlOn, because we have very pro.
pery perhars refused to the British the right OF
search-not even admitting it to be exercised by
anv foreign power whatever in regard to vessels
sailing under the Americas flag, although laden
with erticles beyond all questions adopted only to
the slave trade-and the vessel arrives IN safety
in an African port Well few days aiterher ar
rival, the captain goes on shore, meets with the
agent who is to receive the vessel, delivers her
papers up to him, and then returns and proclalms
to the crew that the vessel has been sold, that her
crew is TO be changed her iag-the American
Aag-puled down, and another one hOisted IN ITS
place, in order to carry cargo OF slaves back to
Brazil and these poor American seamen are
often left to perish on the inhospitable coast OF
Africa for want Of means to return to their own
country, and often compelled to engage in the
navigation of the slave vessel, as the only means
to get back to their own country.
Mr.. President, it has been suggested by some OF
those who have had great experience in the OPe-
ration of this effort at a suppression OF the slave
trade, that certain regulations Of commerce should
be made and that, among other reasons, will Ia
duce me, when conclude the few remarks that
have to make to make proposition to refer the
whole subject 70 the Committee on Commerce.
They propose that the grants Of sea letters OF yes
sells clearing from the ports OF Brazil 70 the AM
can coast shall be withheld They declare that
there is no trade whatever there other than that
connected with the slave trade, and there could
be no motive otherwise TO prompt American yes
sells to 20 TO the African coast They therefore
accommodations Counsuls and other gentlemen
recommendation there should be refusal
henceforward to grant any sea letters or other
cHdolih6 sup ~ SOL HANNA .--~''
can flag from those ports 10 the coast OF Africa
There are other measures also suggested, in order
to carry into effect the purposes OF freeing our
commerce and protecting our navigation from any
participation in this cdous traffic. But will not
take up the time of the Senate by noticing them.
Mr.. President, believe it is the Judgment OF
the British public, as believe, too, iii the judg
1nent of the American public, that the keeping up
OF squadrons upon the coast ofAfrica, with view
to the suppression of the slave trade, is failure,
or at all events thatit is attended with an enor-
mous amount of expense, vast and inh1man
sacrifice of health and life, not justified and not
compensated by any value which these squad
rons have rendered TO the object which the par
ties have in view il the suppression OF the
African slave trade. So strong do think the
conviction upon the British mind in relation to
this subject to be, that understand that 1t was