New-York daily tribune., 1851-09-29

Stone might be brought. without any vast DIN
Guilty. down the Thesis, from the mountainous re-
lioas and the yev considerable trade and travel
between the CAPITAL and al this region would
insure business enough. Before the revolution.
he whole nation had become aroused T. me in.-
portance of this matter One road was built 20
Sz0lnok. and the line Surveyed. beyond, o. De
breczln. G-oSSWagccla. ana planned even 70
hl0useaiurg Ia the mountainous SicocnoA,Seu,
from whence II was hoped 4 nigh; connect Ciii-
ately. with ConS'antuOple. and ounE with 4
The whole trade of the EaS, 10 Europe crancA
me. ico. WIS land out through hecsNcmei q
SzeEedn. and another. on .he north, 81 conrec'
Debrcczln with The region Ci the precious IcAay
wine. and perhaps WIKI the uch mining region
IN the CaTgatllans Another very important
line VAS exceedingly discussed. winch should
connect Pe>th. o. the south. with FlUme ans tls
haIboTs on the Acriatc and thus. q, length. open
the lOrg-hemmei-ln commerce oi Hungary 10
the world.
The storm oi tie Revolution. however. swept
away eyeryihmg-and not one ot these lines. c1-
cept that 10 SzolnOk. Was even commenced. since
the war the Austrian Government has done 4
ht,le n them but very little There Is 2 great
deal Of talk IN Europe about the practical I'M
pToyemeniS the Austrian Administration Is III
irCGscing in Hungarv-Wl.ch improvements, IN
my opinion. are very generally humbugS itls
true, they are repairing ioruncatlenS everywhere
and improving everything which can he used
IN ensavlng the people Ii iS also true that they
are constructing a highway from >Zolnok 20 Gross
warden and klauSsnburg. and are working on
the railroad 10 Slegecln But the trSi two Of
these towns are the centla. military stations of
the Austrian army ia Hungary. and >zegedln Is
fixed with the most independent nsuuec,lon-
any" population OF the country The great Oh
Iecr =. undoubtedly, 20 have the means oi trans
porting forces rapidly 20 any point IN the land
where @ rebellion may arse.
found no Improvements gong or out OF
tie wu.taN routes. And lt should lie Temem-
bcrtd thar even these public wOrAS demand no
great sel.-deniai from the Austrian Government
the means being wrurg from the Impoverished
people. and thework forced from the peasanlry,
IN is extor,Ionate a manner IS ever the old ieu'
ia. cNactsn Of the Robo'' was.
Tie neglect I'm former times OF these means
OF communication. there Is no doubt has been OF
infinite eyll 10 the land From thlS defect, Hun
gary a land rich enough ia gram 10 supply all
Europe. with al the best products OF tempe
rate climate. with countless herds OF cattle,
with wines superior IN purity and flavor even
to those Of Spain auG France, with valu
able Mines and above all, vigorous, indus
trous population, has never yet had foreign
trade of any importance whatever. Her har0OrS
on the AdrIatlc are shut OF from the interior,
her valleys IN the North are separated from the
Capital The overlooking harVestS OF the cen
trail plains will scarcely pay the freight to the
borders.
The whole value of he exports OF Hungary, q
every article. raw and manufactured. IN lsi5.
did not amount to S35ooO,NO, and IN lsA' dld
not probably exceed >31,OuO.OOO.
The fault of tins most injurious neglect seems
to lie on several sides. but, first and foremost
Oh the shoulders OF the Austrian Government
They never wanted any " Improvements which
might make Fiunc a rival % Trieste and thelr
great object IN all Their legislation was to keep
Hungary down The Austnans talk great
deal OF :" the tatherly care OF the Govemneut
over Hungary IN former years, but 1t IS evident
at a glance that II + a care which IS altogether
devoted 90 one side Of the family For instance,
IN the export of Hungarian wine, the paternal
regulation made 1t necessary TO pay HORNS,
kTeutzers (or l2l hTeutZeTs) On the Elmer but
on the import Ot austrian only - kreutzerS-that
Is. not onc fourth as much Or, again. on cloth,
the Austrian import into Hungary paid duty OF
81 forms the hungarian export - forms for
the Zentner. The same principle was carried
ont IN all matters OF internal Inprovements-en-
courage all which can AID Austria, discourage
everything else Besides, II should be borne IN
mind. Hungary is country where II would De
very difficult to build roads except by some ald
OF the State There l. no wood or stone, scarce
w, IN Central Hungary. and the building high
way Is matter of 10 small expense. IL was the
great principle, too, Of the Hungarian Constliu-
uon that every little town, district county, Com
uaf.) should have Its own municipal government,
and manage It's own affairs. II was very unusual
for the Central Government to interfere, and
naturally great enterprises demanding much
capital were neglected However, with all this,
very much ofthe blame lay also on the old Hun
garian teudal Constitution.
system under which one class must build
tht roads which another class used, and under
which the men who could most afford 10 ride
were never obliged to pay tell could never ex-
pect any great progress IN " the improvements OF
highways and bridges am aware, that IN the
last twenty years, these eXactIOns on the Baaer
were much changed, and that the nobieman had
hls own taXeS-heayy enough-whloh he must
paw But still no candid man can avoid cOntesslng,
that such an inequality the above must have
~ natural III effects OIL the country.
However more directly TO my journey INTO the
interior The country through which the rail
road passes from Pesth 70 SZolnOk, Is remarkably
pleasant. much more diversified than the land
east Of the Thesis, and with tine groves, which
one seldom sees on the other side OF SZolnOk.
Every where as far as the eye could reach 1t
was green with nch fields of wheat, or with long
TOws OF glnes-gHmg the Impression, wnlcneVen
the peasants always seem 10 feel, with PRIZE,
about their tatherland, that It Is a rich and
fruitful country, with abundance OF "corn and
VINE
Szolnok itself Is o genuine Hungarian village,
forming q singular contrast 10 the modern Euro
pean Pesth II always has seemed 70 me, IN
walking through these Hungarian villages, as If
one could see IN them, a. IN a thousand other
things Ia the land the signs OF their Oriental,
Aonadic origin. The houses seem placed exactly
as q company OF Huns OF Tartars might have
pitched their tents Each house m the most
popuous village. separate, with IT'S yard and
trees atou; IL. and bearing no particular elaiion
IN is position to any other house. In conse-
ouence, the streets wind about IL the most en-
.ang.ns manner.
Eyery house. too. not much higher than tent,
never more than one st0y-.hOugh, VI course,
much longer than our village houses, TO give room
for the inmates. The consequence Is, that their
villages occupy an area some four times the ex-
tent which oar own d0 with the same pOpula-
ton. The town OF De0reczln, with $1,000