New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-01-21

BILE intervals along the beach from Grand Bass 20
Cape Palmas, they probably embrace population
of 10000.
The Kroo people proper-that is, those who in.
habit Settra KrOo and four other towns in its vi
cinity-spring from a union of several tribes who
came some $50 years ago from about 800 miles in
the interior, under one and the same government.
They early formed compact with the Portuguese
slave traders. whom they were accustomed to as.
sikt by which the adoption on their part of the pc
culiar Kroo mark was to be deemed a sign Of ex-
empton from slavery; and their name Kroomen,
is supposed to be but a corruption Of the word
crewmen, so very naturally and appropriately ap.
piled to them for their services 10 vessels on the
coast Polygamy aud slavery prevail among them
though they never enslave each other, nor sell
slaves but to persons Of their own tribe.
The Maryland Colony, at Cape Palmas, exerts
perhaps, a less positive and controlling authority
over its large native population than is exerted
by the Government of the Republic; yet the in
huences of the intelligent and respectable officers
is highly beneficial, and must increase; while
the missionary establishment within its limits
excltes our admiration, and deserves the most Ii
beral support.
In regard to the third subject of inquiry speci-
fed in Mr. Gurley's instructions" the form Of
the government, and the characters of the leading
men in the executive legislative, and Judicial de-
partments the Report alludes to the Constitu-
ton of the Republic of Liberia fully pervaded by
the spirit of liberty, and, in all vital particulars
conformed to the model of our own American
free government. No provision is contained In
this Constitution for the existence OF separate
State Governments nor do its trainers appear TO
have contemplated nor desired their existence
but in the provision for the election OF the Presl-
dent and Representatives every two years; In the
subordinatiOn of the military to the civil power
in the declaration of the right OF trial by jury
of universal federation in matters of religion and
Sc al off ho md IN no
ton of the slave trade and slavery,-have the
people shown the purpose and ability to rear, for
the protection of their liberties, wisely limited
and lastly constructed republican government.
REVENUE
For the two years previous to the independ-
ence of the Republic, the annual revenue OF the
Government, derived mainly from the six per cent
ad valorem duty on imports, amounted to from
eight to ten thousand dollars. With view to
augment the public revenue, the Legis sture after
the adoption Of the present Constitution, author
lied and instructed the Secretary OF the Treasury
to import leaf tobacco powder, salt, muskets and
other fire. arms with earthern and crockery ware,
ARTICLES in great demand for the African trade,)
and to dispose of these articles at a certain spec
fed advance on the first cost. But 1t is said this
monopoly by the Government has not met the
public expectation, and that it will be greatly
modified if not wholly abandoned. On all goods
imported into the Republic is imposed duty OF Six
per cent, with certain exceptions sPeclhed, where
in the duty is still higher The President, with
out stating the exact amount OF the present re-
venue, expressed the opinion that it would here
after meet the expenses of the Government though
it must, for some years, fall far short OF what
might be desirably expended for many objects OF
public utility.
MILITARY AND NAVAL FORCE
In regard to the Military and Naval force of
the Republic" to the honor of the people of Ii.
IBERIA should il be recorded, that from their ear
Hest settlement upon the African coast they have
by courage and discipline defended themselves
against the Vaccinations of slave traders and the
combined forces Of many barbarous tribes, and IN
no instance suffered defeat With the exception
Of such as are exempt in virtue OF religious or
civil Offices, all the males in the Republic, from
the age of l6 to So are subject to military duty,
may be called at any moment by the Executive
into actual service, and in time OF peace muster,
on stated DAYS and in obedience to uniform law,
in the several settlements for examination, exer-
else and discipline. This force, well armed and
disciplined, may be in number from 1000 to 800
men, while a much larger native force might
doubtless be brought into more or less effectual
service, in case of an invasion. OF Naval force,
the Republic has nothing, with the exception OF
one small but beautiful vessel, armed with four
guns, present from the British Government.
GOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS.
The independence of the Republic has been &C.
knowledged by both England and France and
between the former and the Republic treaty OF
peace, friendship and commerce was ratified on
the lst of August 1919 and hardly week passes
during which armed ships from these or other civ.
iliZed nations are not seen visiting the ports ana
exchanging civilties with the hospitable lnhao-
itants Of Liberia. BY treaties with many African
tribes the Republic has not merely enlarged It's
territory, but secured their consent to the aboll-
ton of the slave trade and in the exercise oil its
political and judicial authority over them, The
suppression within the limits of the Republic OF
the ordeal by sassywoOd has preserved probably
thousands from most cruel death, and shown
signal triumph of civilized law over superstition
AGRICULTURE
Substantial farm houses, surrounded by we'll
cleared and cultivated plantations of from 10 to
30 and 80 or 20 acres, adorn, on both sides the
banks of the st. Pauls with occasional interrup
tions) for the distance of 20 miles. Several hun
bred acres are cleared lin part out of dense and
lofty Forest at Bassa Cove, Edna and at BeXey,
some 5 to miles up the beautiful river ST.
Johns and at Greenville, Rossville and Read
VILE on the Sinou, are similar decided evidences
of agricultural industry and improvement. 1t
may be confidently predicted that whenever ade-
quate capital, skill and machinery shall be intro.
duced, the culture Of rice and cotton the sugar
cane and coffee, will prove as successful and prof
liable as in any region Of the world
MIR. Darymple, in 1879, found three different
kinds of cotton at Goree, and states that it grows
spontaneously everywhere, and that the samples
sent home were considered by English merchants
superior to that from the West Indies. Accord
ing to the testimony Of Colonel Denham, Jas
quoted by Mr. Buxton cotton of three kinds
white, brown and pink-grows wild about Sierra
Leone.
The tea plant is reported by MCQUEEN, on the
authority Of an Arabian traveller, and others more
recent, to grow spontaneously and abundantly in
the interior Of African
MARYLAND COLONY.
OF the Maryland Colony at Cape Palmas, with
a civilized population Of about 900, though the
soil may be inferior to that of some Of the settle
ments Of the Republic, we may report increasing
attention TO Agriculture and fair prospects OF sue