davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-01-04

And back between m Saturday snd p m next day
3275 From Hsvknsvio at 8 M a week, Saturday
To Irwinvile by IL IN next day, 80 miles
And back between p Thursday and P mnsrt day
3276 From Brunswick al m, twice week, Monday and
Thursday,
BY Bethel, Waynesvie, and Lsngsbury,
To Jeifersonton by m, ~ miles
And back between and m, Tuesday and
Friday.
Proposals to commence a, Daren and end ast Mays,
emitting Brunswick invited
3277 From Daien at ~ m, a week, Fridays
To Frederica by m, IL miles
And back between m and ii m
327s From Daren at 9 m, once week, Monday
BY Fort Darlington Ferry, Pendar,rs Store Chsun-
cey's Ferry AIabaham Creek, and stricksnd's
To Ware.boro by p m next day, 76 miles,
And back between a "Wednesday and 9 p next day.
327e From Daren At 0 a m twice week, Wednesday and
Friday;
To Brunswick by ~ m, Is mile.
And back between and y m, Thursday and
Saturday.
$3.50 From Riccboro, after arrival Of mail from Savannah,
say ata m, twice a week, Monday and Thursday
BY Walthourville,
To Hinesville by 9 pm, 10 miles
And back between m and IL m.
1881 Fromast Mary at m, twice week, Monday and
Thursdsy,
By Woodstock Mills, Florida
To Centre yillsge, Georgia, by p m, 80 miles
And back between a and nett days
1882 From Wmesboro at m, once week, THURSDAY
To Centre Village by 0 pm, AZ miles
h y
32s3 From Waresboro at m, once week, Wedn'soy
by Alapahs
To Troupvile by pm next day, 10 miles
And back between a m Friday and z m next day
sepsras proposals for service between lroupVhe and
Alapsb. are invited. Alec, proposals TO commence
this route al Polk and go by Carriers Bridge and Ala
psba to Troupville.
1884 From Warcsboro at once week, "Wednesday
BY Polk
To Bount'sFcuy, Florida, by 5p m nert day, ~ miles
And back between a m Monday snd m NEXT day
Separate proposals for each section Of this route, dvid
ing =, Polk will be conside red.
32s5 From wsresboro at a m, once a week, "Wednesday
BY Mount lila
To Homesve by M 80 miles;
And back between a m and m. Tuesday
Proposals extend to Rejsville, route NO 32se,
will bc considered.
1856 From HoImesviIle al once week, Ssturdsyi
BY sefTords Ferry and surrency'si
To Reidsville by p m, 35 miles
And back between a m and pm next day.
Proposals to extend 10 waresboro, over NO 3aso WIZ
be considered.
1887 From jacksonville at m, week. Saturday
BY swsins's Store,
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-10-07

cidcd step, without dallymg with
danger, or poring into consequences.
This is moro grandiloqucnt, than
.noral or rational. Ethical writer's in,
struct us, that the probability of sue
cess is necessary element in the
Justification Of revolutionary meas.
urc. The evangelist advises BIN
that contcmplatcs the building Of a
tower, first 10 count the cost. les,
after laying the foundation lie be not
able to finish it, and thus provoke tic
mock Of bcholdcrs; and considers !,
plain, that n king going to war and
finding his force inadequate, should
send an cmbassagc and desire con.
ditions Of peace. am not ashamed
to confess, that We may properly take
counsel Of our interest, and our re-
sources, while choice is left, before
We commit ourselves 20 an important
and uncertain enterprise. Courage
does not consist in inScnsihlitv TO
danger, but i'll the rcsolutc DISCHARGE
Of duty, whatever dangers may lie in
the way. One deserves impeachmcn.
Of his understanding and or lis moral
principles, rather than praise Of his
sp!rit, who thrusts himself wan.oMly
into pcri!s. The christian Who in Quet
obedience OF conscience incurs death
rather than renouncc his faith, is a
worthy myrtyr Of the truth; lie whJ
unnecessarily or ostcntatiously }ro-
yoics persecution, deserves little
pity when he suffers. Other States
equally interested with South. Caro-.
lima i'll the institution of slavery and
the tyrannous aggrcssions upon it.,
and not inferior III intelligence and
hrmness, are not yet satisfied with
our course Of resistance: and we may
still reason with them for q time, be-
fore we throw ourselves under tho
wheels Of Juggcrl,ant. Our former
controversy with the Federal Govern.
mcnt, and the thorough discussion
amongst us as to the relations Of the
States TO the Government, have de-
stroycd our ldo!ntrous vrmcrat.,n f
the Union; and the same rcsuI mus,
follow full Investigation, IN al! the
States that have suffered Tie Same
wrongs.
In another respect, the secession
lstS have ADVANTAGE before the pcoplc
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-10-07

mind that neither Mississippi nor this
State had then proposed specific
mode of resistance. More time
should have been allowed for the pco.
pie to make up their own minds, and
to ascertain the views Of proposed
delegates.
fully concur with those who hold
that the aggressions Of the Federal
Government upon the South Justify
any measure Of redress that may be
adopted by the Southern States, or
any of them. The Constitution Of
the United States seems wisely con-
trivcd to secure strength in the gov
crnment, and liberty in the people;
and if it had been strictly construed,
and faithfully executed, the people
Of all sections under its sway, night
long have remained harmonious and
happy. But usurpation, under the
instigation Of ambition and nvaricc,
has contemncd and perverted its pro.
visions; its parchment securities for
tho minority have proved inefficient;
and, practically, it imposes slight
restriction upon the will Of thc
majority. Thus another example
is added to the many in history
Of the proclivity of governments to
despotlsn. From the beginning. un
der the system Of indirect taxation.
the financial operations of the GOV
ernmcnt has been severe upon the
Southern producing States; and !,
when the system OF internal improve.
mcnts, pensions, and fortitications
WAS added, the disbursement Of the
taxes became as unequal as the col.
lection, and 4 constant drain from the
South was established. In raril
progress, discriminating duties on i'm
posts were imposed, hy which the
Constitution WAS perverted, and the
labor OF the South made tributary to
the rH"r Llacturinu ;"A..r..
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-10-07

adopted the same uiulsa.., ...l fr,u
our cnya cement to act in concert
The appropriation for arms was made
| in preparation for contest which
nigh, soon come on, or which m;rLt
be long DELAYED, or cn,ircl- ,,,.cvnntod "A
| BY making ourselves ready for INV
issue. South Carolina is in M rc.
spcct more strongly plcdrcd tl,,
! Virginia, Georgia, and Aliss;ss;nn;
and if their rctrorrcssion delovs hor
in proceeding in common and con.
ccrtcd measure, her honor ;s NOT tor.
nishcd. -rant. that with or w;thou.
,lcl.cs, the idea Of submission 10 not
to be tolerated. When our case he.
comes desperate. we NAV odont n
! desperate remedy. It NAV br snm..
times a duty, to sacrifice the eyist;n,
! Inhabitants of a State in the nortvr' .
dom Of liberty, for the brncGt of
the cvcrlurinr cause Of freedom hrt
let us not rashIv conclude that sucb
lnartyrlom IS necessary Su;,;jn of
| individuals or Of States. is rarely 10
be justified. Where delay NAV
bring accession of allies and ultimate
success. we should avoid the cboncnc
Of our defeat, and Of the triu,nnb Of
dcspotism
The argument. that tbc scnoroto
secession Of South Carolina will com.
pei the Cooperation Of other South.
ern States. does not strike nv mind
with lnuch force. We arc first told
that there is no hope Of such Co.opcr.
alton to drive upon us secession prc.
clpi,atcly, and We are then told, that
secession must drive other States to
the same remedy. If we adopt a
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-10-07

object by the establishment of a
Southern confedcracy; and without
dispute Secession is a proper means
to this end; but the question WHICH
has divided the resistance party Of
Scath Carolina, IS, whether We shall
resort to Secession before we obtain
assurances that some other States,
having the same interests and the
same wrongs, will join in the move
mcnt. All arc wiling to separate
from the North, but some arc not
ready for disunion from all our
Southern sisters. This division of
opinion among those, who with equal
spirit and equal patriotism, seek the
same ond by different means, is to be
greatly regretted, and all of us
should be willing to lnake sacrifices
Of opinion, to restore harmony in our
ranks.
The names Of the two sections for
resistance arc not very distinctive, as
both look to secession forremcdy and
both profess desire for Cooperation;
still the names have obtained an
application sufficiently definite for
use. The diversity between the
parties as to abstract doctrines is not
considerable, but the disagreement is
more serious as to movements and
measures. The secession party set
forth as tl'cir ul;imatum, that the
State shall scccdc absolutely hclorc
the existence Of the present copycn,
ton be terminated, witch, as they
propose the convention toabc assem-,
bled next spring, will be about April
or May, 1893. The Cooperation
party decline to fix now5 a CERTAIN
period for the duration ofstlie Union,
or to be more definite in8tlae point Of
time, than that the States should sc.
ccdc within rcasonahlcstilGe. Is it
wise to put i'll jcopardYStbe great
' ls-A
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-10-07

citizen retains his night OF private
jud ymcnt and Of individual resist.
anco to the movement: but When she
takes this final step, | feel that
should justly incur the penalties o!
treason, if | resisted her cdict.
10 avoid all ambiguity, l avow
my Obligation to obey such action i!
adopted by the existing Convention
although the delegates may have
been elected by Il minority of the
people. Of the State. All citizens
had the opportunity Of voting for
delegates, and those who cglcctcd it
must be presumed to acpuicsce in
the choice made by such as exercised
their franchise. 1t would be vcrv
unsafe, to look bchind the regular
forms ill which the will Of the com
munlty is manifested, in order to as.
certain the real wishes or " higher
law" Of the majority. Subsequent
ratification DO the people of such act
,o., ~ t'''
coss,ru ~; - ,Loa~i ,na .,l ~ ~
ulo sno,l. ,hra,,nI, J. ~ ~. o,, I''o'. l''''
fa, p or,ai;lnt 20 ao"','. w - w
ncr,tv - tomdnncu " 10 '''o''
With all my respect for the Lc.is.
",ont lv wh;o,, 'id''.' ,i,p . -. "'' '"'Gc-
~on,on;;o" ~ .rnra ~" o,,n.si n.e,'D''1 u NC
coun u,";, sorr;nns ,.ana a 49, ,,a,I ~ '1"E w.
rnn,;"ns tLn. nlnIhaI ~ ~ ~. ~ oo''-
~ nr tho nco,ln and ~ s"n,,'; M .';l'
sovrrc;,rn vn:rn shnm,l Lo rrn'I r'sl e., =
1L.;, cGns,;tucn's wh"n o.,l,I ~ 49, '.o''
sLon,J hn convotnI far 'a' Soc;, !" '.' ;
nurnose and sLonId ro,a;m | ,i,;
po,,nrs Gov ,ho sH"r,o.. '"''' ':'''l
tcrn n ,hn o,Im atI'n, o'n .'''':''
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-10-07

sion is not derived from the Constitu.
ton; i'll strictncss Of speech, it is not
right reserved by tho tenth Arti-
Gle Of the Amendments. We look
to the Cons titution to ascertain the
powers of the Federal Government,
not the rights of the States. The
whole scheme Of that instrument is to
enumeratc the powers to be exercised
by the common agent, not to men
t'on The powers Of me constituent
states. Everything not given by
thcu is retained. Certain restric-
tons are imposed on the exercise of
powers by the States while they are
in the Union, but no provisions is
made as to the withdrawal from the
Union, nor for any matter outside Of
the Union. 1t is enough to demon
stratc the right in question, that the
Constitution neither prohibits, nor re.
strains its exercise. From a COM
pact Of Union among States for an
indefinite time, as from a partnership
among individuals for an uncertain
term, any member may sccedc and
resume the station occupied before
the compact was formed The suf-
ticlency of the cause for Secession,
rs this must be determined bv the
seeding State, docs not logically al
feet the right, but it may seriously
atfet the practically Consequences Of
its exercise i'll any particular instance.
In all acts concerning her foreign re-
latlons, State should be able to de-
tend herself by good reasons in the
forum of nations. The other States
have no right to cocrcc seeding
State to rJturn into the Union, un-
der any circumstances; yet ii the
Secession be under circumstances of
bad faith, as during hayrant war, Il
plusiblc excuse is furnished for hos
tli,ies to compel satisfaction for the
~ ~ ss5sSs' So thereby resulting. 1t is at
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-10-07

illn!tcu 10 less tlIai. vlG ...... - tN.
States, who Justly cherish It as the
NOS; moral and most efficient orran-
lzatlon OF human labor; while their
partners in the Union regard The sin
Of masters, III holding slaves, to BE 50
bcinons as to faint all WHO alc in any
political connection with Shareholders.
This antis!ayc party, already pre-
dominant and rapidly growing, has
excluded the people Of the Southern
States tlom common participation III
the territory Of tlc Union. in the nc.
QUESTION Of which they contributed
even an undue proportion Of treasure
and blood. The purpose is now
boldly avowcd by this party never to
adm, into The Union another State
i'll which slavery is tolerated, and the
design is indicated, not obscurcly, to
abolish, as soon rs practicable, this
Institution in all the States. The
adjustment Of this controversy by
Congress, impudcntly called com
promise, aggrayatcs the wrongs and
lndignllics otherwise done to the
South. All the measures cons,itu.
ting the compromise, were nndisguis.
ed concessions to the ianaticsm and
injustice Of the North, except one,
and tha, was a barren recognition Of
Constitutional right. The remedy
practically Afforded by the fugitive
slave law, is to enable Southern
master 10 rccapturC occasionally a
slave at Tie North, corrupted into an
agent Of abolition, at an expense N
money equal to the value Of the slave
when he fled, and at the ,isk Of VIC.
lcnce AID Imprisonment to the
cap!ors. We !rcclncn Of the South
should not submit to tyranny SO III.
furious and 50 degrading. II should
be our niiincliing determination to
resist at all hazards. Remedy within
:hc Union is hopeless. We may part
with regret from q contcdcracy which
has done 50 good service in the great
work Of civilization and free govern
mcnt, but J, has achieved its end.
and, like other works oy man may.
Weld to the force OF events. The
interests Of the people Of tins Union
have become 50 conflicting in the va
rious sections, and their feeling TO.
wards each other so much cyocrrbo
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-10-07

vi satc:
During my absence on .ilcial duty
and without exacting from inc any
pledges, you elected me 4 delegate
of the Convcntion-a Deliberate as.
sembly Of the graycst haractcr,
where conclusion shoul l2 attained
by comparison Of various ui .mcnts;
perhaps, by some concrs4lon of pre-
conceived notions; l can make no
pledges now, committing me to fore.
gone conclusions on particular meas.
ures, notwithstanding changes Of cir
cumstances and convictions. 1t is
inconsistent with the schemes Of our
Government, destructive of the indie
pendcnce and usefulness Of the dele.
gate, and unjust to his colleagues, for
q member to pre;judgc absolutely any
specific measure that may come be-
fore tho Convention. In my own
case ut least, ! feel too little conf
dencc in my information and nv rca,
.soning, to set my honor against any
change Of opinion that The changing
events OF year may produce; and
propose to reserve the right of fair.
~ considering all the arguments and
--the evidence that may be presented,
when my judgment is to be finally
formed. With this saying am quite
willing 10 state my present opinions.
Ny purpose IS TO state them. rather
than to dctcul hem by argument.
The doctrines as to the rights and
remedies OF tho States, pGoicsscd by
thcapcoplc Of tiHs State il 1882, fol.
lowing the lead Of 'lr.uia and Ken.
tucky in 170e, F'jllHaye the full as.
sent of my maerstAdng. As a
deoinle of this faith, a.lopt tie tc.
net, that a State may Sa&oJc At will
from the Union she has ncd with
sister States. our C,geNcracy is
of peculiar charactcr, Al, Md aid !,
in the construction Of The us,Numcnt
Of Union, is aftorded ly st,fylpe the
structure Of ether Leagues ~ the
declaration of indcpcndenyc certain
British Colonies became syqrc;gu
States, and when afterwards ,Lcy
separately as sovcrcisns, rm,l IL
the Federal Constitution, :onpact
for the exercise Of certain po,crs
jointly, they did not surrender he
their sovereignty. The Federal Co.
ycrnmcnt is the Government Of caGp
OF the States "a common asency 10.
the execution of definite powers; and
its constitutional acts demand obrdi.
cncc as the acts Of the several State
by virtue of their previous covenant,
evcn of those States, the representa-.
tigcs OF which may have lisscutcd
from the gets. l'hn right Of Scccs
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-10-07
Vitality of Saeds.

1on," Washington correspond.
ent of the Baltimore San, in a lettel
to that paper, says:
{" | received last winter two seeds,
said to be wheat, which were found
in the folds Of theEgyptain mummy
which Mr.. Gliddon nnrolledsin Bos,
ton. The mummy was supposed to
be one Of the Pharaohs. 1t proved
to be priestcss, and to be more than
thirty centuries old. 4as Ss
"The seeds we're shaped something
like pearl barely, and of thai size,
and were of a dark tipge, as ificolor:
cd by the same preparation which
had been used in the process Of en-
balming. w. u.s.
81 planted the two seejs in q flow,
er-pot in the spring. They germina:
ted, grew finely, and pne Of tho
plants bears a hundred or moro
grains. The other is more backward,
and is still in flower. The Leaf re-.
sembles maize, and may be d species
OF mslet. The land ef Egypt--tha
sranary Of ancient tines must of
course have heen ceitiyataa With
gram, which for the climate ansl suil,
MAS vey, l9napettsy ansi ,,sltssllous
1t Was hardiy wofti sble
priostess u Itase taKefs Fitis hel
these two slaall 7ina ;sitia ~.
+ -
direction, utliess tsia a.4s
grains.
GA bulb was once taken frctn the
hand of a mummy and planted, and
grew npa beautiful dahlm, In an,
Other instance a tcw grains Of wheat
wcro found, which is now cultivated
in England, and Gated mummy
wheat. ! shall call mine mns,aiag
millet until can find some mere Man: M
propriatc name. '
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-10-07

strength is not 60 supcralM Il as
to justify us in 80 mat
may arse irou F chapter Of
accidents. we think, ami justly IS
| bciieve, that the past agsressions
Of the Government justify immediate
resistance; but Georgia has deter
mined to wait for further grievances.
1t may we'll happen, that the occasion
for which Georgia waits, may arrive
during tho term Of our Convention.
Tie ,bolitionist arc now held by thci:
leading politicians, straining in the
leash, and perhaps the thongs may
even hold until the next Presidential
election is over, but soon the dogs
must be let slip, with the cry of
havoc. The body of fanatics is toe
strong and too rapidly increasing, to
be long restrained from further
aggrcssions by any consideration of
prudence or honor, of law or the
Constitution. If Georgia, the empire
State Of the South, were ready to 90
with US, l think VIC should now make
the venture.
The arguments mainly employed
for prompt secession, are, that the
State is pledged to this course, and
that is the most efficient mode of pro
ducing co operation.
The careful inquirer for ,hc
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-10-07

Nl-3T = m" .hr yuSa 0DI federal
rulers. So isolated would be our con.
di,ion, that the Government might
venture upon direct coercion by the
army and navy; but it is moro prob.
| able, that it would continue to treat
US as an integral portion ofthc Union,
and pursue the collection of its rcye-
nue. from imposts here, perhaps chan.
ging the location of tho Custom.
Houses to Fort Sumter and other
posts commanded by military OF ma
val force. Obvious policy would in:
ducc the Administration to offer us
no offence practically consistent With
denial Of the right Of secession and
in case Of actual conflict, to throw
the blame Of assault upon US. I ap-
prchend there would be little difficult.
ty i'll provoking some of our people to
take the offensive attitude. Upon
the recent increase Of forces in the
forts in the harbor Of Charleston, the
people were gravcly cxhorted to an,
ticipatc the action of the Convention
and by riot and treason to forestall
the decision Of the issue before the
State. With population so spirited
and lntiammablc as ours, conflict with
the minions Of power would be almost
inevitable, in which too We should be
the aggrcssors. l suppose, however,
that our adversaries would not actu-
ally invade our soil, nor prosecute
such warfare as would be dependent
upon the chances Of battle; but that
they would endeavor by annoying
restrictions Of commerce and pinching
ccntrivanccs to break down the spirit
o. our people. In such state Of
things, We should have no place for
individual allies, nor even opportuni.
ty Of making glorious sacrifice of
our lives. The instance of the Force
Jill may teach us, that even ou,
neighboIs are little disposed to resist
abstract injustice which works no ac.
tual oppression upon them and for,
clsn nations, SILT reccivlns indirectly
Che uu"c!stS u "ur trade, Mould hard
~ Involve themselves ma domestic
quarrel "p.u revenue ,aws.
From ti'c prominence recently glv
ELI t. inls topic ot separate secession,
| haze iclt oohsod TO say tons much,
although really the whole discussion
Is premature. a few months ago,
the people of the State were nearly
unanimous for resistance to Federal
wrongs, and although differing as to
tho circumstances under which it
should be undertaken, get discussing
their points Of difference without heat
or strife, and willing to leave the set
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-10-07
POLITICAL

CHANCELLOR wARDLAw.
Tho following very clear aud able
exposition Of the views of Chancellor
Wordlaw, we take from the Edgcfield
Advertiser.
10 the People of Edgeleld District.
On the political questions which
now divide parties in this State, l
have hitherto rcfraincd from any pub
hcatlon OF my opinions, from rn tard
to tho proprict.as Of ny posifion as a
Judge and member 10 the Conyeu.
nuE
he reputation of the Bench for
a lmpartiality is SO important to the sa.
administration Of Justice,
81 generally the duty Of a
atain from all factious dis
religious or political;
CHER questions, which
opinions not to engage
pungcnt discussions. A
sver, remains a citizen,
}s8ss5 w his rights nor his duties
Ed to his Office. lie some
tier avoids the appearance of
Expressing his views on public
3ersics, with frankncss yet with
tessy, than by preserving Il silence
that may bc attributed to timidity or
deceit. The matters now debated by
our people, involve the very frame Of
the Government; and in the spirit Of
Solon's law, every citizen, in every
station, is bound to take the side of
truth and right. Some attempt has
been made to disparage the authority
OF Judges on the present issues. but
their influence should depend upon
their intelligence and probity. II the
permanent tenure Of their office, Gin
itself equivocal according to some of
the doctrines cf the times J may ir,
cline them 10 consrrY ntiam, il NC
duccS indepen}cr 1f r,ilion nj ~.