The New York herald., 1851-10-14

lFrom the London News, Sept. Is
Yesterday the great cable, twenty-four miles long,
and destined, when sunk between Dover and Ca
lars, to form the key for electric communication
and correspondence between this country and the
European continent, was completed st the works
Of the Submarine Telegraph Company, Wapping,
the last coil being securely circumfexed at about
four o'clock. The occasion furnished interesting
opportunity for observing the rather novel and mo-
tceable processes employed In the fabrication Of
this newly devised agency for international com
munication, Is worked out through the medium Of
gutta percha and the wire rope machine. Enter
ing the factory, situated in High street, and
which, through perfect pandemonium Of tar
and smoke, ana steam, has been visited by q num-
Der OF distinguished individuals, there are two WE'LL
constructed wire rope machines, each about twenty
feet high and fifteen in circumference representing
large iron framework in the form Of cupola, with
shalt or cylinder In the centre, worked BY steam
engine Of tive horse power. Obedient to the ring
ing Of bell, concourse Of worknen from the wire
rope works of Messrs. Newall, st Gsteshead, took
their places round one Of the machines employed IN
the first process. The machine, the action OF which
is vertical, being set in motion by TIE steam en-
gre, the first interior portion of which the oom-
Eosite cable consists was pay ed out on to the SHAFT
This first layer is composed Of four electric copper
wires, known as the sixteen wire gauge, each co.
cased In covering OF gutta pcrcha OF quarter Of
an inch In diameter These, placed In the ma
chine, and with the assistance Of the manipulators
are twisted and plated in spiral convolutions,
in the manner Of ordinary rope or cable,
round the shaft The next superincumbeut
coil to thi: consisted Of hempsn yarn previously
sAtuIa 10 reservoir Of prepared pitch and tallo Y.
and in its turn Is tight twisted and compressed.
ippermeaby and by steam power, over the guttA
percbs, with its enclosed copper wires. Tnn "
oveilaid again with a series Of hempen yarns, hvo
or six in number, and about inch in diameter,
satur Ated in the pitch and tallow, With the view OF
what the workmen call wormins" the gutta
Iercha. The gutta percha thus protects the deli
cate wire, and the hempen yarn, In addition, acts
o. o cementitious material to the more perishsbls
gutta peicha which ultimately has tn 70 sn over it
coat Of mail Of galvanized sire. This completes
the first process, and the manufacture Of the rope
in the spiral form for the purpose Of giving dexi-
biity. The second process consists in hauling od
the cable so far completed and passing IL, In sno-
ther compartment Of the factory, on 10 another
wire rope machine, whero the cord Is completed.
covered over with ten galvanized iron wires, each
wire being about the thickness Of lead pencil and
known as No. l galvanized wire gauge. This gal
yanised wire sheathing is to protecs and preserve
the interior layers from the action Of the sea, and
the weight is considered to be sufficient to sick ths
cable az nocssitofe graritafis. The appearance Of
the cable thus completely encased in shining coat
Of galvsnised iron, and divested Of tar and dirt.
gives II quite silvery appearances. The coil thus
completed is drawn of the machine and draughtsd
out by the men, as sailors haul rope, into The fsc-
tory yard, where II now remains rolled up INTO .
circle, some Eve feet In height, and twenty feet N
crcumfererce; representing . dead weight o. 20
tons. In order to test its completeness Mr v. y.
Wauaston. the engineer who conducted the sxpe-
riments last year, and who, Ia conjunction vita
Mr.. Il. IL. CramDton, mas tne vsffy'"k ees W s.o
engineering arrangements, fired msee, through
the "a miles of electric cable from one OF the bat-
teries In the building A steamer has been placed
at The disposal Of the promoters ofthe undertaking.
by her Msjesty's government, TO convey the cable
to Dover. The gutta percha wires have been pre-
pared By the Gutta Percha Company in the m vt
perfc OF style OF insulation, and the hole OF the
one hundred miles Of intended communica alton re-
presented by the four wires Of twestyfour milss
each, have been tested, and their integrity been
found true, by MIR. Wollaston, in the Regents Co.
nal. Tbs manufacture OF the cable has nov been
in hand three weeks, the men working night and
day; and IL Is hoped and expected that the contri-
vance will accom- plish an answerable end
Few persons are aware Of the intern stional value
and commercial advantage Of completing this last
link, the want Of which at present detaches dssd-
vantageously this country from so many OF her
European allies, and her own imp srtsnt posses
sons and dependencies, and probably this could noe
receive stronger illustration than s contained tns
representation Of the fact, that when the SUB. ma
rine telegraph over the English channel n . thing
accomplished, there will be uninterrupted eee.
graphic Communication between England ane al
the following principal cities and towns OK the
European Ccntinen nt 10 which the TELEGRAPH V nov
compieted-C alais Paris, Lille, Brussels, Antwerp,
Oaend. Lieee. Cologne, Hanover, Bruins vick. Bee-
lin. Frankfort, Lepsic, Dresden, Prague, bseelan.
Ststtin. Cracow Vienna, Trieste, .te0 miles de-
parture port for India), Venice, Milan and By the
end Of tie mouth 10 Turin aud Genoa.