The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-05-21

light or inspire the scientific inspector whilst even the
Old beyond the comprehension or appreciation OF the
common visiter
On the whole, there is no wonderful show OF prime
movers Marine engines Tor screw propelers form me
mos. respectable muster There Is mere su, Hss sa
excellent specimen doubt but only intended LOT Vei
navigation We expected to large eide lever engine,
large direct action engine IN ths however we
have been disappointed The Belgians have come out
stronger in The paddle wheel line thah we NAYS.
There 10 good collection OF locomotive engines, ana ~
this class visiters will be able to examine mlnueiy all
the laest and compare the builds OF dief
emf makers The main object aimed at by the different
exhibitors in this department seems 70 nave psen 10
which ought not be left out OF consideration This
principle Is gradually gaming ground IN marine navlga
ale wheels we see small, compact engines working
screw propees but the screw has to work at create
speed 10 make up for the power OF the paddle wheel
that it, the speed of the makes up for the power oil
the other There different towns throughout the
kingdom now setting up water works, and we mud eng
neers adopt the huge Cornish engines for pumping the
wser-enrines consisting OF heavy masses OF cast metal
requiring expensive foundations and everything con-
nected with which has to be in proportion All this re-
zontal engines preferred. TO work at high speed We
believe that such system is not only less expensive IN
the first outlay, but will be found cheaper IN the long
marine engine of 7OO.horse power, screw propeller,
built by Boulton and Watt attracts attention. There
are four cylinders Two each side OF the shaft which
works the screw: these cylinders set horizontally
opposite each other, at right angles TO the shalt so
that the two connecting rods OF the cylinders opposite
each other work crank the shat-the two rods
of the other set Of cylinders work another crank at night
angles to it between these two cranks is third which
works two air-pumps Inc whole presents compac.
parts lie Frame strongly put together; the hand
gear, which works the reversing lnks-that is, which
Teyerses the engne--s beautiful piece OF simple
mechanism The beauty of horizontal engines is that all
the parts lie it on one bed plate an engine OF
that kind admits Of more simple and perfect adjustment
increases proportion 10 their SIZE thus u.s. that the ps
ton, bearing only one side OF the cylinder Will cause
those parts OF the evil increases in pro-
PORTION 10 the size Of the engine We unable TO
ascertain whether any provision had been made to rem
edy the evil in this case il not is decidedly an obJec
tion .sp
Edward Slaughter, of Bristol, exhibits marine en-
CINE OF 100 horse power, also for screwPopeller Here
there two cylinders lying at an angle. which work
the shaft OF the lying below BY direct action the
pnion which the connecting rods join and work to-
gether is fixed round plate which is keyed the
shaft they hna that this works better than IN
simple but the beautiful details are well carried out II
is wonderful to such of machinery occupy so
little space The air-pumps worked by spur gear
The introduction OF spur gear steam engine does not
look very mechanical but perhaps, under the clreum-
stances, it unavoidable, as the steam piston works
marine engine is sent from Davenport intended for
screw propeller; there two cylinders which work on
the principle in the beam engine there is va
ey Of advantages intended TO be derived from the plan
Penn exhibits some most exquistely finished engines;
one, to which have already alluded is of twenty
morse power,
does not appear TO have anything new about it. Penn
has also brought engines for propelng, OF
thirty horse power EACH called we believe trunk engines
Instead OF having long thin piston rod he has tube
which passes through the top and bottom OF the cylinder
the piston fixed 10 it, and the connecting rod works on
Joint half way down this tube The tube has TO be OF
sufficient diameter to allow the connecting rod to vbrae
there cannot but be good deal OF fricon through the
stuf6ng boxes. Moreover, this tube will have TO take
and this strain, believe, from What at least is
resisted At the stufhng boxes which is bad For con-
densng engines particularly is as well 10 have as few
and small sufng boxes as possible, on account oil the
admission of air into the cylinders. The Soe,eff Cox.
eA OF Belgium exhibit marine of l5ohsrse power for
paddle-wh The principle. though good, is rather old
and perhaps obsolete II consists OF two oscillatng cyl
ndsrs working the same crank. Some parts oil 1t APP
psared rather weak, and in point OF workmanship,
perhaps would not be fair TO compare with Penns
We now pass on TO locomotives. We were asonished
TO engine built by Stephenson on Champions prn
cipe We expected TO see something more original from
that quarter Champions pripcpe consists IN placing
the driving wheels behind the FIRE box that there may
be large driving wheels without the axle interfering with
the boiler and al the same time place the boiler below
But hitherto the cylinders have been outside. In this
the cylinders outside, and drive shaft ndepend
ent of any wheeshere being each end OF the shaft
crank connected TO the driving wheels by outside rods
When the driving wheels keyed on the driving shalt,
Whatever jos conclusions the driving wheels sub
jected TO will be communicated, in certain extent 10
The whole machinery in motion, which is injurious.
Besides that, it renders the crank shat, liable fracture
The crank shaft being Independent OF the driving
wheels, remedies the evil, TO great extent The plan
~ BOOu Uwt Do' ucWs
r. and w. Hawthorn exhibit a locomotive in which
variety OF improvements carried out The first is
an improved plan for taking the pressure OF the of
the slide valves The plan good but whether 1t will
not only be ascertsned by experience We
only say that, far they have been tined, they
have been found to answer perfectly. New links are
also introduced intended tupersede those in general
being easily constructed, and perfect in
their action. Another Improvement ~ IN the coppeDsa
nne sprnEs II ~ common To some locomotives the
axe-boxes OF the leading and driving wheels connected
10 the end OF one beam OF this is done each
Gde oil the engine each beam through the medium
Of springs on fulcrums the leading and driving heels
therefore. balance each obe-hat sudden shock
conclusion taking place, instead of being resisted
only by two wheels will be distributed four thus
the engine will not receive a shock This is
the principle adopted in the present instance, only to
perfect extent The wheels connected 10 four
beams and supposng the leading and trailing wheels
to be suddenly forced up the driving wheels would be
wheels will be distributed the whole six thus
derng the engine less liable 10 severe shocks enabling
her TO steader, and therefore safer, at high speed
ms compensaes 10 certain extent for her standing 90
high.
Bury, Curtis g. Kennedy have bull a huge locomo-
i've on Cramp,on's principle for the London and North
western Iahw ay The largest narrow gauge engine ever
maze sne mas eight feet driving wheels We have al.
nndy sMied our prediction for light engines and this
does moi III All agree with our notions of light engine
quite the reverse u looks like an engine 10 20 fast bu
that will deteorae the permanent wav over which
II rams, and will deteriorate itself fast,
EB Wilson exhibits tank engine with donhls bo;Io,
by which he lower the centre OF gravity and Obtain
greater heating surface.
There are some other engines which we admire sucb
a. the Little England. Rltson, Thompson, Il Hewi,son