New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-08-08

What IS shown most ralpably by these
fats IS, that adequate Protection IS the only
wav to genuine Free Trade. We have
now gained that pslat IN WOODEN stawls,
because domestic production has been ios-
tered into being and developed to such
degree that II Is able to compete with for
eiou nroduction. and even to beat It. SO
far As the fabrication OF sha wls Is concerned
our own resources are matured ana brought
into activity, and therefore we actually have
the sole basis of Free Trade.
Blu. had there been no Protection, we
should St.ll have been buying shawls OF
England, though we should have bought
fewer than we are able to purchase of the
home made article. because the laborers en-
gagged in making them In this country con-
sumo agricultural products which would
otherwise have had no market, and would
not have been ralsed-such as garden vege-
tables, milk. &c while for English shawls
we must have paid in wheat. or some other
heavy article which would bear transporta-
ton. and which only large farmers IN par
t!-ular sections OF the country could produce.
Thus We should have still been compelled
ia buv of foreign manufacturers, at price
Tax higher than we now pay. while the num-
her Of ,hawls consumed in the country
would have remained comparatively small.
because fewer persons could have produced
the means of paving for them and because
the price would have been high to those
v no had the means of paving. The effect
Of Protection has therefore been:
To establish home demand
To reduce the price Of the article
To enable many To procure 1t who must
else have gone without 1t, since the products
they raise could not pay for it
And thus to render the country lndepen-
dent, and establish the sole conditions of
genuine Free Trade
II would be erroneous to suppose that Fro
lection of this article alone could build up
is manufacture 20 such a state of maturity
as it has now attained What IS wanted is
general system of duties. which shall Sc
cure prosperity to the industry OF the coun-
try at large, for thus the demand for food
and clothing and manufactures of all kinds
Is extended. When the manufacture of iron,
tor instance, is protected, vast body OF
laborers are employed in it, and are en-
abled to consume large quantities OF food,
clothing, lumber and other building ma
tcrlals. &c, &C. and so it is with every
other branch of production. When all
ue active, there is 4 great and increasing
demand for the products of them all, and
accordingly each is able to produce cheaper
and cheaper When the demand is great,
prices fall, because then labor is applied
more productivity, at the same time that it
is better paid but when the demand is con-
tlacted, prices rise. Let the demand for
shawls increase still further. and they will
lee cheaper vet But remove all Protection
from the various other branches of industry.
and expose them. unguarded. to foreign
competition, and they will gradually stop
the demand for shawls, which depends on
their prosperity, will then be diminished
and in consequence prices will rise. Then
remove the Protection on WOODEN manutac
lures. and in due time the mills which produce
these ,hawls will he ruined and closed
the plce of the article will return to its
previous level: we shall use fewer shawls,
ard those we must buy of foreign manutac-
mrers and this bastard Free Trade Will
have killed off the true Free Trade that we
have now established.
But it, on the other hand, We should
restore the duties on iron, for Instance, 10
the standard Of Protection. the mines now
neglected and the furnaces now closed
would find profitable employment; the de-
mand for WOODEN goods would be enlarged,
and thus the whole country would be en-
abled TO procure them cheaper. And 50 OF
cotton and other manufactures. The bene-
fits of Protection are felt by men OF every
trade and profession, whether their labor Is
directly protected or not and the evils OF
bastard Free Trade are likewise expert
enced. as well by those whose labor is not
Immediately affected by foreign competition,
as bv the iron smelters whose furnaces are
closed. Oh the weayers whose looms are
stopped in consequence. Therefore,
Those who desire large return and
steady employment for labor should go for
Protection.
Those who desire Improvement in the
condition of the laborlng classes. and the