Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-12-05

huft TN III r
competition oi The commissioners IN" ONCE IS one :"
urea, Tor AID responsibility, and The compensation s.'u
b.. si,cls command men oil gh otoc Vi a'c''' a va
| most tue. ,ionablc integrity !, ,r :. .
subcc urounded by great difficulties In my las. anlu
messa recommended tho survey and SAFE Oh rie,i
,, reels under such restrictions as would eiecaa's
u,r3 ainst monopoly and speculation but upon Jul
iuloruion and in difference 10 the opinions ol persons
rniar ith the subject am inclined 10 caahSu ' ~
dmn and to advise that they be permitted 10 remain rs
49, nroni n common field open to the enterprise anu minus
, of our citizens until further experience shal nav u.
vclop the best policy to be ultimately auopte n 80
, II safer to suffer the Inconvenience hat no" On
;s, IN, short period than by premature egisauo', " ~
ion orhe country system founded in error, wich I'D!
,In ~ whole subject beyond the future contro Oh Eo
No ,ricutura lands Should however, be surveyed ana
l,ne into market with little delay as possible, Una. Tue
nils ~ become settled, and the inhabitants sthu'au W
tn rmanent improvements, and enter on t!lc oana!
nn,s of life 70 eec, these objects, It Is desraoe ta'
tb provision be made BY law for the cstaoiisl-
no,t land Offices in California and Oregon ana 'oi TIC
Ell rer prosecution Of the surveys at an early Dap
- IN dificues have occurred in organizing the Terrific
rial pornmcnts of New Mexico and Uah and, wheh more
,cnrn information shall be obtained OF the causes, ief
thc communication will be made on tliat subject oo,,
In m last annual communication 10 Congress tcc"'
mendedhe establishment Of Agricultural bureau anu
take III occasion invoke your favorable conslaeraon u
the sutct. L oa, ;,,erest NJ
nm, nc,le Four-ifths Of active population are en-
ploycd the cultivation OF the SOIL ana inc Fapu
Of our .ttleInents over new territory IS uay auH "
nnmbeof those engaged in that vocation. Jusuce anu
sound cy therefore alike require that the government
should SC all the means authorized by inc CONSTITUTION "
the interests and welfare OF that important cass VI
nir feIw-citizcns And yet it is singular fact thaf,
whilst re manufacturing and cnmcrcia interests nave en-
p1Ied he attention of Congress during large portion OF
eGey ssson and our statutes abound IN provisions io
pSrcn and encouragement little has yet been done d.
r1ly &c the encouragement OF agriculture II IS tic mat
l rcp,ach legislation should DC femoTcd ana SIN
cly hpc that the present Congress will not close Their Ia
BIZ wout adopting efficient means 10 supply the ohs-
! sits of hose who have preceded them
horticultural Bureau charged with The duty OF coect
in1 md disseminating correct information as to the best
moS cultivation and OF the most cectua means o. pre-
scryS md restoring the fertility Of the SOIL and of pocur
ing all distributing seeds and plants and other vegetable
prodons with instructions in regard to the SOIL climate
and mcnt best adapted thei! growth could not fail to
be- ic language of Washington, in his last annual mes
sage CONGRESS "very cheap instrument oi immense ma
| tiona5c it,"
Rading the &C, of Congress- approved 18th September
designating bounty lands 10 persons VINO had been en-
gagoin the military service of the country as great mea
sure national justice and munitcence, an anxious desire
has zen felt by the officers entrusted with It's Immediate
exedion 10 give prompt effect to its provisions. All the
within their control WERE therefore, brought INTO re-
quion 10 expedite the adjudication OF claims and am
grated be able state that one hundred thousand
appons have been consdccd and about seventy thou-
sanolrants issued within the short space OF nine months
If aa provision be made by law TO carry into elect the
recommendations of the Department. 1t Is confidently ex-
pec that before the close of the next fiscal year. all wo
are eed the benefits of the act will have received Their
warnts
TSccetary OF the Interior has suggested in his report
vari5 amendments Of the laws relating 10 pensions and
bouU lands for the purpose Of more cliectualy guarding
aga abuses and frauds the Government to all OF which
| | ne your particular attention.
Tllarnc accessons Indian population consequent
uponlc acquisition Of New Mexico and California, and the
exeron OF settlements into Utah and Oregon, have
gvenccased interest and importance 10 our relations win
the atignal race.
No 1erial change has taken place. within the last year,
In the ndtion and prospects of the Indian tribes VINO re-
side inc Northwestern Territory and west oil Inc Mlssls
sppi rr We peace with all vi them; ana II VIII
be So of pleasure you learn that they gradual
y ad,aing in civilization and the pursuits "t social ie
Alonhe Mexican frontier, and in California, and Oregon
there m been occasional manifestations Of uncndly feel
ing anone depredaons committed am satisfied, now
ever ththey resulted more from the destitute and starving
ccndoI the Indians Than from any settled hostility To-
ward thhites As the settlement OF our ciZens progress
towards ,n the game upon which they mainly rely iDr SUD-
sstcnc ,riven flor destroyed and the only alternative lci
to them starvation or plumber.
Il bccCes US consider in view oil this condition OF
things w,her Justice and humanity well as an enight-
ened ccony do require that instead OF seeking 10 pun
sh Their! pences which are The result oi our own p"cy 10
wards the should not provide Tor thclr l'Neca'e
wants anGcouragc them 10 engage in agriculture ana 10
rely slabor, instead of the chase for the means oil
support. ,., ar
fercnt tfihruripa the year. by which their title TO large
and vauab-acts Of country has been extlngulshea al :"
which WILL the proper tine DC submitted u the oeha'e
Tor ratifcati
The Joint omission under the treaty of Guadalupe Eldal
90 has been lively engaged in running and marking The
BOUNDARY linewccn The United States and Mexico IL
stated inc last annual report Of the Secretary OF tG
Interior lhae initial point the Pacitc and Inc p"ntni
junction of 3a with the Colorado rl"cr had been deter
mined and hrcrvening line oi"ul enc nun iFed ana my
miles in cngtun and marked by temporary uIonna"ns
since at tim monument, OF marble has been crested al
the initial ponud permanent landmarks Of iron have been
placed al uitaidistsEccs along The line
TIE initial PIT the Rio Grandc has also been liked by
the commissioners latitude 32 deg % min and nj The date
of the las, curndcaon the survey OF the line had been
made thence wizard abont one hundred and 'tty miles 70
the ncighborhoo Of the copper mines.
The c0mmisl our part was at trst organized on
scale which exiencc proved be unwicldy and attended
with EXPENSE Orders have, therefore, been Is
sued for the .riou Of the number ot persons employed
within the limits consistent with the safety Of those
engaged in the vice. and the promp, and ethclent execu
ton of their inrant duties
Returus haven received from all the officers engaged
in taking the tsus in the States and Territories except
California superintendent employed 10 make the emu
mcraton in hitae has not yet made MS uil renor ron
causes as he gcs beyond his control ms failure Is
much IA he rea,ed rs il has prevented the Secretary OF
the Interior fro making the dccennia appor'lonment Of
representatives long the States as required by Inc act aP
proved Nav 23 So 1t is hoped however that the returns
will SOON be rcced and no time will then be lost in max
ing the necessi apportionmcnt, and in transmitting the
certificates requi bylaw.
The Sunerinen of the Seventh Census is diligently
employed undcre direction of the Secretary of the Int
rior in classify and arranging, in tabular orm all
the statistical formation derived from the returns
of the marsha and II is believed that "hen the
view of the poprion wealth, occupations and social con-
don Of grcsounry than has ever been presented 10
the world The of such work. as the basis OF cnllgh
ened legislation hardly he over estimated; and earn
esty hope that Cgrcss will lose time in making the APP
propriaons nccary complete the classlcatons, and
to publish the rcss in style worthy OF the subject and oil
our national chatter.
The want of aifom fee BILL prescribing the compensa,
ton 10 be nlloweistrct attorneys, clerks arSas, ana
commissioners nv and criminal cases, Is the cause oil
much yexation ilslice and complaint. | would recon-
mend thorough rsion of the laws on the whole SUBJECT
and the adoption tariff Of fees which, as far as pract-
cable should be form and prescribe spechc conpensh-
ton for every sere which the officer may be required 10
perform This sect will be fully presented in the report
of the Secretary the Interior
In my last ami message gave briefly my reasons for
believing that yolossessed the constitutional power to i'm
prove the harbonf great lakes and sea coast and The
nay ton OF ourincpa rivers and recommended mat ap
preparations shou be made for completing such WORKS rs
had already been ommcnced, and for commencing such
others as might sn the wisdom Of Congress TO be OF
public and gend. Importance. Without repeating inc
reasons then urd, deem il my duty again 10 eau
your attention tohis important subject The WORKS on
many of the harboS were lett in unfinished state and
ucny cxpofto the action of the elements which Is
fast destroying thu Great numbers OF lives and vast
Of propcra are annually lost for want OF safe and
convenient harbosI the lakes None but those VINO have
been exposed thdangerous navgaon can fully appre-
cinlo the Importance this subject. The whole northwest
appeals you for rc and trust their appeal will receive
due consideration at5lr hands.
NJ Tho