The southern press. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-07-19
Fran M AsY Fs7b Qswmnial y3aysuissf,
puStksS Sess w tks>AsIs,
FRENcH POLITICS

In Paris the forthcoming report OF nj. de Too
queville. embodying the recommendation OF the
Commission Of the chamber for q total revision
of the constitution, is the chief subject Of spe-
culation. 1t is expected to BIO ready in about
week.
HEssE cAssEL.
The elector of this state has just issued do
cument which purp0rts to be an amnesty, and is
countersigned by his minister, Hassenpfug. Its
character, however, is despicable. All the public
servants and officers of justice who were faithful
to the constitution are excluded from it, and its
object is simply to get back the military Even
as regards them, however, the phraseology is
sufficiently obscure to leave them open to any
after vengeance in cases where they may be in
dividually obnoxious. 1t Is accompanied by an
other decree canceling the constitution of l84S,
and relieving the army from their oath of allie
glance to it. This outrageous act is put forth
according to the preamble son the representa-
ton of the two commssaries of Austria and
Prussia
STEAM ENTRRpRIsE.-The day before yester-
day launch took place of the largest vessel
that has ever been built in the Thames. She is
named the Amazon, and is one of the new ones
intended for the Royal West India and Brazil
company. Her burden is 1856 tons, with 800
horse power. The new steamers Arabia and
Persia, building at Glasgow rthe Cunard line,
are to be $500, tons with 900 horse power
There are at the present moment no less than
nineteen ocean steam vessels building for the
five large companies holding the mail contracts
for America, for the West Indies and Brazil, for
the Cape Of Good Hope, for the Pacific panama
to Valparaiso) and for the East Indies, the ag-
gregate burthen of which will be 3l,840 tons.
The tonnage at present belonging to these conn
panes is 81 789 tons, and the increase therefore,
when their new vessels are completed, will be
equal to nearly 50 per cent.
THE ExHIBITIoN.---A week of unusually hot
weather has rather diminished the number Of
visitors to the Exhibition, but on the shilling
days it still ranges between 10000 and 10000.
The feeling that the building must remain APP
pears to increase in strength, and it seems pro-
bable that in the course OF a few years there will
scarcely be single town in England Of any i'm
portance withouta similar Structure for the pur-
pose of winter garden. AT Nottingham q re-
solution of the kind has already been adopted.
TIE PAPAL AGGREssIoN-His Holiness the
Pope continues the bold course. He has just
concluded an appeal to the faithful throughout
Italy fos funds to build church to st. Peter, in
London, ain a fine position and in one of the
most majestic streets" Its government is to be
in the hands Of ga congregation of Italian secu-
lar priests, founded at Rome, that the Roman
spirit may always influence the same" aud 100
days indulgence is to be granted to whomsoeyer
shall contribute any aims to promote it. ~
THE IRISH CENsUs.-The leading points OF
the Irish census returns have been made public
this morning they show falling off in the po-
puation even more remal kable than had been
Anticipated. The total is now only 6,500,000
while 10 years ago, it was 8,l75,000. So long
back, indeed, as 1921 lit was geater than at pre-
sent, the return then. showing an aggregate of
6,80O,O00. An entire generation therefore has
passed, not only without leaving 40 increase, but
ending in an absolute decrease.
Emigration to the United States, the British
colonise and to England, have been the principal
causes of the change, especially as these have
chiefly removed persons just married or Of an
age to marry; but the famine and pestilence OF
I847 we're unprecedented in modern time for
their devastation. The precise returns Of each
decennial period from 1891 to 1851 inclusive,
appear as follows:
In Is2Ithe total population was 6sol,s27
1891 do do do 7,767,40l
IS4I do do do 8,l74I24
1851 March 3Oth, il was about 6,500,000
During the last ten years, therefore, instead
OF the progress which under natural circumstan-
there has been a decressc or 20 per cent, and
this decrease when set off against the augmen-
tation in England and Scotland, causes the ag-
grerate population of the British islands to be
only about half a million more than il was the
last census.
Il is remarked that, instead Of our total popu-
lation increasing Mt the rate of thousand n
day, rs has been ordinarily assumed, the in
crease has not been more than a thousand a
week. Henceforth, however, the growth may
be expected TO be Of more steady kind, since
the mutually beneficial influx of the British race
into Ireland, and the Celtic race into England,
will probably Prove sufficient to prevent re-
newai of those calamities against which, rs far
as regarded the unmixed irisb neither expert
ence nor warning could be ofsvail.
FRANCE.
The opening of the Tours and Orleans rail-
way by the President took place on the lst OF
July. After what happened last month at Dion,
the speech he would make on the occasion was
looked forward TO with anxiety. Its moderate
character however, has since caused further
Improvement on the Paris Bourse, where prices
bad already been rising for some days past. The
assertion that the will Of the people, when at the
proper time IL shall be freely expressed, must be
religiously respected, and that France having
passed foreyer from the old state Of things, Is
now simply disturbed by the necessary strug-
giles for shaping out the new, could not with
safety be contested just at present by any party
but whatever may he the extent 10 which the
President Is TO be held personally answerabe
for the acts Of his Presidency, il b. impossible to
hear his declarations about the win Of the peo-
pie, and the establishment Of a new order Of
things on the ruins Of the old, without recalling
that among the principal Of those acts has been
the disfianchisement of many Of the people"
from the right Of expressing their will, and the
suppression Of the new order Of things" IN
Italy. by the restoration Of the most rotten and
Ubiquitous rule with which the world, in its old
stages Of corruption, has become familiT. His
friends here, however. are disposed 10 view
these things ne the result Of antagonistic forces,
10 which at the time he was compelled to give
way. Should such DO the case, he WILL IL he be
reelected by the people, in spite Of the assem-
bly, and of all hostile factions, have an opportu.
nifty IN his new position OF Independence, Of
-. n - l.