Indiana State sentinel. [volume] (Indianapolis) 1841-1853, 1851-10-09

Europe, the inner Qualities oil wool almost exclu
siyey supplied by Spain, and the belief existed there
1t did here, that other country coud supply the
qnalty The northern climate, il thought, would
impair the ineness OF the staple But the Merno sheep
introduced into England dispelled that prejudice
and their introductory al the beginning of the present
century, into Saxony and Sesa established the fact
that proper and cultivation will do in this
branch of husbandry than climate other favor
able adyentous circumstances, The Saxon Merino.
Tor the purpose OF wool growing is far superior
to the Spanish, and its wool brings much higher price
IN the principal markets Of England, France and Bel
| gum Indeed the finer qualities of wool now
almost exclusively supplied by Germany while Spanish
Merino wool has almost entirely disappeared from the
wool markets of Europe. ~ q 81
The history Of wool-growing and sheep culture in
Europe is full of valuable lessons the American farm
er. Ii shows what knowledge, diligence, and can
accomplish against adyel climates and Indifferent soils
The lesson is full of encouragement to us, and has
already stimulated the emulation Of husbandmen.
IL can read the future OF this country, wool in very
few years, will become much article of expor
cotton provisions, and breadstus and this with
standiag the powerful rivalry which our wool growers
on the Pacific will find the progress of wool growing
in Australia. sf - -iaif.E
There is one more species of industry, lately come
into use incident agriculture, which deem Of
sufficient Importance recommend TO the attention Of
your Society 1t is the manufacture of oil and candles
from the Fat Of the hog-known in the vocabulary Of
Mr. Westas the g prairie whale" The process Of man.
ufacure OF these articles Western discovery, and is
leading to important results IN the agriculture and GEN.
merce OF our country rsa
The uses to which Lard Oil may be applied are almost
infinite. 1t first employed substitute for lamp
oil and sperm candes but gradually made take
the place of almost every species of animal fat yege
table oil employed in manufactures, and is most
extensively used in all kinds of machinery 1t is also
introduced to very large extent in many branches Of
domestic economy, and when refined and properly pre-
pared is used in the shape of condment for the
table, or an indispensable article of the toilette Lard
oil it is said, is largely exported to France, and after
undergoing various chemical operations, re-imported
M No Sfafa anHc in afar
phoses as salad oil, pomatum, or bears grease.
know not whether am permitted TO press these
considerations for the purpose OF stimulating comPe
on; but fee. quite certain that even the ingenuity
of European chemists will, due time, lind its match
in the Indigenous " Yankee ingenuity" Of the United
States. Meanwhile, am glad to the lard oil man.
ulactories flourish having apprehension that they
will seriously interfere with the whale fisheries
New England the great school o our Sailors and the
great nursery OF navy On the contrary, appears
that sperm oil notwithstanding the competition OF lard
is still commanding respectable and remuncrang prices
its superior qualities and the valuable TO which
may be applied operating quite as much IN ITS iavor as
the diminished number oil whales, which compes our
hardy fishermen to seek for them in higher and mo re dan
gerous latitudes ff flsa I ~
would now say few'words on the growth Of Tim
ber, sniject much neglected by countrymen Yet
timber is Of the most valuable productions of the
soil, and indispensable requisite to the improvement
and civilization Of man No country earth is IN this
respect, more blessed than ours None boast oi
such variety of forest trees adapted the varous
ship-buildne In other country do find such mag
ncenI shade trees such extensive and superb prmeva
forests and part of the world is the reproductive
power Of the soil less exhausted than in own. Yei
with all these ncalcnlabe advantages and with our
bounded coal fields the OF re-wood is already felt
in some Districts which like the prares OF the West,
naturally destitute of timber, or in which locomotive
and steamboats, consuming the article faster than II
can be reproduced in the ordinary course OF nature
There is also believe that the extreme desire
Of pressing civilization forward aud oil ertihzng the
H.. sl.,ooe
pioneer Of the West TO enter somewhat enthusiastically
the sextermination" Of woods, when eonsidera-
tions merely poeca, but economical and practical
would in more than instance call out to him. Wood
man, spare that tree~
Trees are not merely useful and ornamental but also
by their mere existence-by the breathing Of oxygen
eminently conducive health They the companions
of man, much some Of the domestic animals,
and have such acquired certain right to hs protec'
tion Many localities which cOnd name, especially
the coast, have been completely shorn OF tim
ber and experience has shown that forest once entirely
down will not grow mp again and reproduce the same
kinds of timber Much Inconvenience is now felt IN ,on
sequence and the evil is progressive, threatening the
comfort and interest of farmers mechanics and all class
s engaged in Industrial pursuits. q. -.'
In most countries OF Europe, the preservation OF for
ests by only partially cutting down the timber and
ectng for that purpose only those trees the removal oi
which facilitates the growth OF the young trees by which
the same species otmber reproduced almost
adm fnitun, without any percepble deterioration in
quality is reduced to a science, taught in Academies
and Colleges And thoagh we may not in this country
Of the forest yet attention than has hh-
been paid the subject is certainly due 10 it Ii
such societies yours submit this suggestion Ii
is your zeal wisdom and experience that the country
may confidently look for prevention Of these evils.
The limits OF this discourse will not allow me to
fer to the subject Of breeding Domestic Animals, but
cannot omit TO bring TO your notice most valuable
quadruped-s the ship of the Desert for the intro
ducon Of which appropriation was made by the last
Congress- ! have manner Of doubt that the Camels
which our government is about import from Arabia
for the transportation Of military stores will soon be-
come domestcaed in the sterile regions and steppes oil
the far West Itmay me prove valuable auxiliary
comparatively slow means Of communication between
distant territories The camel Of Arabia Isl 10 all IN
and purposes domestic @animal fulfilling the
Joint functions of the horse the and the sheep and
will no doubt enter largely into the domestic economy Of
our people Camels' hair and the hair oi the Angora
goat-an animal which yet hope to introduced into
the Allegheny and Rocky Mountains the raw mate
rial employed in many OF the most valuable tissues oil
the East and there is no reason to doubt that with the
same raw material at command and with the aid oil
suitable machinery ingenious and enteprising con-
trymen would in due time furnish similar Il not better
fabrics - -ti go %t H-.- +.
| must now apolocse for briefly introducing topic.
not leotmafely connected with agriculture, and not
properly coming within the scope OF your society.
would gladly avoid it, If its Introduction werc not an
some degree necessary to complete the cycle oil ideas
which have suggested these reflections cannot close
my remarks without referring to the Mineral wealth oil
our country. all.
America is as rich in minerals as in SOIL and produces
all valuable and useful metals in the greatest abundance
Iron Is not confined to any particular locality IL as
found in various parts Of New England and New York
il extends throughout the whole State Of Pennsylvania
and the mountain regions OF Maryland, Virginia and
North Carona it exists in large quantities ~ the
of Missouri Ohio Kentucky Tennessee and Illinois, and
on Lake Superior furnishing everywhere the levers Of
civilization to an industrious and energetic people