The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-12-12

aust continue to create IN increased dem And foy
ssa , a1: 70 s Of sSs
duties against the United States, Canada imported
her sugars from Cuba and Porto Rico through
the st. Lawrence direct, or via Halifax, he,
teas from China direct, or via London, and
that she con umed English manufactures a.
most exclusively, then ! would ask, whether
the change in the trade, owing to which Canada is
now largely supplied with these con nodities by
United States manufacturers and the merch ants Of
the Atlantic cities must not have increased the de-
msnd for food in the United States. II an Ohio
farmer were to bring thousand bushels of wheat to
New York, to be exchanged for groceries and do
nestle goods for his consumption be would not suf
fer any injury from the composition OF a Canadian
farmer who wanted to effect similar exchange.
On the contrary, in proportion to the namber OF
such exchanges would the profits of the merchants
and forwarders be reduced-a large trade being
conducted more economically than o small one. l
am persuaded, therefore, that the exchange Of
Canadian agricultural products for domestic manu-
features, sugar, tea, Coffee tobacco, fruits, &c so
far from being injurious 70 the interests Of the West
ern farmers Of the United States is rather calcu-
lated to benefit them and / sm, moreover,
firmly persuaded, that should the Canadian
trade be forced into other channels, az seems
not improbable, it will then be estimated at
Though have deemed 1t advisable to discuss this
question as II the United States had no surplus Of
bresdstuffs to export, think the more correct as
sumption would be, that for many years the west
eyn wheat growers VIII nave 20 compete Win Jana
ds IN the markets ofthe world, unequal, and possibly
on d;sadvantsge oas terms. reference to official
documents will prove that the provinces Of Nova
Scotia, New Brunswick. Prince Edwards Island,
and Newfoundland, have been amongst the best Gus
TONERS Of the United states for breadstufs. In
these provinces there are revenue duties On -four,
varying from 25 cents to 20 cents per barrel With
IN the last year. arrangements have been effected by
Canada with three OF those provinces for free
Interchange Of their natural predu .tions and
The experience O. single season in du:es me to be-
Eeve that very largo trade will be directed TO
those provinces from the city Of New ork, unless
the present restrictions be removed. At the very
opening Of the navigation last year, steamer was
at Toronto TO take cargo Of -four to Ha-
lifax, and 70 bring back sugar, moiasses, &c. The
protection in favor OF Canada four, whea sent by
The st Lawrence TO Halifax, st. Johns, and other
ports, mus. direc. the supply Of those provinces
from New York TO Montreal and Quebec; and
the vessels which take the -four viii bring back
sugar. molasses, and other foreign commodities,
which, during the last few years have been pur-
chased in the New York markets. Under the existing
regulations therefore, the United States
wheat growers will have TO compete with the Cana
dams on terms disadvantageous to the former in q
market which is next IN importance and equal to
Brazil. In the other markets of the world both will
nee. on an equal footing. Canada feur is q. this
time competing in the New York market with .ha.
Of the Western States, tosuppy the foreign demand
which regulates the price Of the article and il
would be injurious to interests to force the
cities into the channel Of the st. Lawrence.
It is assumed, and, IS perhaps il may turn out,
unfortunately assumed, by the opponents Of the
bill, that in the event Of the bin being
elected by the American Congress, Canada viii
naintain her present commercial policy and eon.i-
,ue to foster the import trade from the United
States.
Il is very desirable that you should be fully
ware Of the state OF public opinion IN Canada on
his question. Having myself been strong adyo-
stA e. IL sntn 10Y
nited States, and, having had, in my position as
finance Minister, 10 resist in Parlia ment the adyo
a.es Of a restrictive policy, | am thoroughly &C.
uainted with the views of all parties. have nc
iatory policy are rapidly gaining ground. VIE
Ter all or any Of the plans suggested will be car
led out, IL is, Of course impossible for TO say
ut it lie certainly high desirable that In arriving
{ very important decision, you should be fully
ware Of the probable consequences. The re-in-
,osition Of tie diferential duties against the
Inted States manufactures has been strongly
Urged Such . measure would be most acceptable
o the commercial interests Of Montreal and Que
zee, whose trade was seriously injured by their
epeal At the close Of the last session Of our Par
lament, an influential member Of the opposition,
gentleman who held under the former admins
ration the efsce which ! have new the honor to
Ill, gave notice CT HE intention to introduce &
duties. Leading organs CT the opposition have
strongly advocated such a measure, and no
doubt can be entertained that IL viii engage
the consideration Of the parliam ent at an early
day Should il be adopted, the United states
would have 10 just cause OF complaint. They never
invited Canada to repeal the deferential duties,
md their rejection Of the reciprocity bill would, Of
course, be looked upon as deliberate rejection Of
he Canada trade. In England, the reimpOsi,ion
II difereptial duties by Canada would be viewed
most favorably, and there can be no doubt that
he eject would be to stimulate the efforts Of those
Ehe are seeking to obtain some modification Of
h. M las A M ofr a
lion which is beginning to engage attention in ca
nsda is the closing up Of all the canals TO American
vessels. Should this policy be adopted, moe. Sc.
Iious injury would be inflicted on the trade Of Chi
Oedensburg, All the New England rsilroad inte-
rect, Burlington, Whitehall, and the New York
Northern canal. The Canadian revenue derived
rom tolls would, Of course, suffer; but as that forms
Insignificant portion Of the Of the pro-
vince, the loss would cause no Inconvenience. u
considered by the advocates for this policy, that
The western products which now 6nd their way by
Oswego and Ogdensburg TO New York and Boston,
,d.to the 81. Lawrence; and that the entire inland
trade would be In British bottoms. IL Is affirmed
hat the tonnage Of Canada, with what could be
Ipared from Nova Scotia and New Brunswick,
would very soon be sufficient for the increased
rsde. have stated the view vs. which entertain
ID very extensively by influential parties in Cana.
10 a. TO her future commercial policy in the event
u the rejection Of the Reciprocity bill by Congress,
an, noNtftrs ulaushof1tu " hiiuooncc buc
News Of the Canadian government; indeed, its
policy has not yet been determined on. Since the
accession Of the present administration to Office, in
$40, they have been watching with anxiety the
proceedings In Congress regarding the recipr octy
bill; and my object IN visiting Washingtoo, at this
lime. was to ascertain. possible, the probable fate
" that measure, as the government must be pre-
Jared, a. the approaching session, 70 meet Parlia-
sent With a defined policy regarding cur CONNER
ial relations with the United states.
Although have probably already exhs estsd your
atence, must make q remark or two eu the i'm
ortance TO the United states Of the free nsviga-
len Of the - Lawrence. IL has been affirmed by
he opponents Of the reciprocity BILL that sasmuch
q considerable quantity Of Canada -four s sent by
be Oswego and Ogdensburg routes, the 81. Law
ence route must be much inferior believe, on
be other hand, that the Increasing trade of the
Vest will afford bu,itess for all the channels which
re likely to be opened TO II; and IL surely would
e an immense advantage, both u the shipping and
icultural interests Of tue West to be allo ped 10
srticipate in furnishing supplies 70 the great de-
ots Of the fishing trade. The vessels on the West
m lakes engaged in this commerce, and al Of
hich are now idle during the winter months, would
btain share of the West India trade, for Which