Weekly North Carolina standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1850-1858, 1851-12-10

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twill be seen, BY securing to the commercial ssa
s,ics for the past year, that the value Of domes-
tic exports has been increased in the single item Of
raw cotton BY o4O 900 over the value Of that OK
ported for the year preceding. This 10 notdue to any
increased general demand for that article, but TO the
increased demand and an augmented price for the
crop of last year. Should the cotton crop now 60.
ing forward to market be only equal In quantiry to
that Of the year preceding and be sold At the present
prices, then there would be falling of in the value
Of exports for the present scal year Of
OO0 Compared with the amount exported tor the year
ending 3O,h June, 1851.
The production of Gold in Californis for the past
year seems to promise large supply Of that mesai
from that quarter for time to come. This large
annual increase Of the currency Of the world must
be attended with it's usual results. These have been
already partially disclosed in the enhancement Of
prices and rising spirit Of speculation and adven.
ture, tending to overzsding, we'll at home abroad
Unless some salutary check shall be given TO- these
tendencies it 10 to be feared that mportaons Of for
eign goods beyonda healthy demand in this country
will lead to sudden Idrain of the precious metals
from US, bringing with it. as it has done in former
times, the most disastrous consequences to the bus
ness and capital of the American people.
The exports Of specie to quidate our foreign debt
during the past fiscal year have been 9s4 1868 .97s
over the amount of specie imported. The exports Of
specie during the first quarter Of the present fiscal
year have been 9l465l 1877. Should specie con-
tinue to be exported at this rate for the remaining
tatic currency during the year ending 3Oth June,
1852, the enormous SUN of $5e, ,6O7 1903.
In the present prosperous condition Of the nation
al finances, it will become the duty of Congress
to consider the best mode of paying of the pub
lie debt. If the present and anticipated surplus
A. A~A A,A> -
ations of extraordinary character, this surplus
should be employed in such way, and under such re.
strciions, as Congress may enact, in extnguishing
the outstanding debt of the nation"
He recommends change of the Tariff, and the
substitution of specific for ad valrem duties.
The President aliudes to the mineral lands Of CAL
ifornia as follows:
1.-THE proper disposal of the mineral lands of Cal.
iornia is q subject surrounded by great difficulties.
In my last annual message recommended the sur-
vey and sale OF them in small parcels, under such
s,rictions as would efectualy guard against monop-
oily and speculation. But upon further information.
and in Difference to the opinions Of persons familiar
with the subject am inclined TO change that recom
mendation and to advise that they be permitted to
main, as at present, common field. open to the
terprse and industry of all citizens, until further
experience shall have developed the best policy to be
ultimately adopted in regard to them. tis safer to
suffer the inconveniences that now exist for short
PERIOD than, by premature legislation, to fasten
the country a system founded in error, which may
place the whole subject beyond the future control Of
Congress-"
He recommends the establishment of an Agricui.
tural Bureau-says the returns of the Census will
soon be fully in, and that lime will be lost in aP.
portioning the members of Congress-takes ground
for River aud Harbsr improvements. and then passes
to the Navy aud Army. The estimates for the sup
por. of the Navy the ensuing fiscal year, he pu's
down at 45 656472 l9-the estimates for the current
year being little more than this sum. The expend'
lures for the War Department for the year ending 3oth
June last, were ee, ,O60, ,l6s So; and he estimates
reduction Of about one million Of dollars for the
1853. Of the Post Office Department he says {:
.The report of the Postmaster General, herewith
communicated, presents an interesting view ct the
progress, operations, and condition of his Depart
ment.
At the close of the last fiscal year, the length Of
mail routes within the United States was 196,29O
miles the annual transportation thereon 5S'S7S.2oS
miles and the annual cost Of such transportation
%, ,42l ,754.
The length of the foreign mail routes is estimated
at ls 349 miles and the annual transportation there
on at 6l5,206 miles. The annual cost Of this ser
vice is 81 ,472, 1877, of which $44s,937 is paid by
the Post Office Department. and 81 ,023 $50 is paid
through the Navy Department.
The annual transportation soihin the United States
| (excluding the service in California and oregon
which is now, for the first time, reported and EN-
braced in the tabular statements Of the Departmenp
exceeds that Of the preceding year 6,l6SS55 miles,
at an increased cost Of $547,ll0.
The whole number of post Offices in the United
States, on the 3Oth day Of June last, was 1875.
There were 1858 post Offices established, and 256
discontinued, during the year
The gross revenues of the Department for the Ms.
cal year. including the appropriations for the fanked
matter of Congress, Of the Departments, and officers
of Government, and excluding the foreign postages
collected for and payable to, the British post Office
amounted to S6, ,727, 1866 70. -,
The expenditures for the same period lexc!udinR
S2O598 49, paid under an award of the Auditor, iH
pursuance of resolution of the last Congress, toI
mail servce in the Ohio and Missippi rivers in 1881
and 1888 add the amount paid 70 the British post Of
6ce for foreign postages collected for aud payable
that ofice) amounted to $6,os4, ,566 79 leaving
balance of revenue over the proper expenditures o
the year of 97O3, ,299 80.
The receipts for Pos,ages during the year (exciu
ding foreign posages collected for and payable to tn
British post office) amounted to S6345.747 81. be
ing an increase of S997 $40 49, or 100 per cent
over the like receipts for the preceding year.
last did not take effect until the commencement o
the present fiscal year. The accounts for the hrs
quarter under the operation of the reduced rates. vii
not be settled before January next; and no reilab
estimate Of the receipts for the present year can ye
be made. Irs believed, however, that they will tai
far short Of those of the last year. The surplus
the revenues now Oh hand Is, however so large tina
no further appropriation from the treasury, in aid
tho revenues Of the Department. is required tor tn
current fiscal year; but an additional appropriate
for the year ending June 81, 1853, will probably
foundi necessary when the receipts Of the first tw
quarters Of the fiscal year are fully ascertaned.
In his late annual report the Postmaster Gsne:s
recommended a reduction of postage 70 rates whic
, he deemed as low as could bs prodently adopted
unless Congress was prepared to appropriate fro'
the treasury, for the support Of the Department,
sum more than equivalens to the mail services Pc
q formed by il for ths Government. i - "'- ! =,
Ms,~..Se.u.,ondaaions Of fha Poatmastar Genafa