The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-09-20

by their sxisence-by the breathing OF oxygen
ions man. much Of the domestic animals,
and have SUCH acquired certain right to his proteo
ton Many localities which 1 could name especially
near the sea coast been shorn Of tmbsr
and experience has shown that forest entirely cut
down, will not grow up again and reproduce the same
kinds OF timber. Much Inconvenience Is felt in
consequence and the evil Is progressive threatening the
comfort and interests Of farmers mechanics, AM all
classes engaged in industrial pursuits.
In most countre. of Europe the preservation of
sorets by only partially cutting down the timber aud
Of which facilitates the growth of the young trees, by
which means the species OF timber can bs repro
erorson in quality is reduced to science taught 10
academies and colleges. And though We may not, In
this country feel the necessity Of husbandins our al
ton than has bsen paid the subject certainly
due to It, It's to such societies IS yours submit this
suggestion 1t Is to your zeal, wisdom and experience
that the country may confidently look for the proven
The lin this discourse will allow refer to
the subject Of breeding domestic animals bnt cannot
omit to bring to notice most valuable quadruped
which appropriation was made by the last Congress.
l have no manner OF doubt that the camels which
Government is about to import from Arabia for the
transportation Of military stores, will become do
mesticated in the sterile regions and seppes of the far
west 1t may, In TINA, valuable auxiliary to
internal commerce, aud a convenient though
paratively slow means OF communication between
distant territories The camel Of Arabia all nsuts
functions Of the horse the OK, aud sheep, and will
no. doubt enter largely into the domestic economy Of
gcat-an animal which yet hope to intro iuced into
| the Allegheny and Rocky Mouutains-are the raw ma
teria employed many Of the most tissues of
the East there Is to doubt that with the
material at command, and With the aid Of
suitable machinery, our ingenious and enterprising
countrymen would in due time furnish similar II not
better fabrics
must now apologize FOR briefly introducing topic no.
egitmaely connected with agriculture, and not properly
coming within the scope your society would gladly
avoid It, If its ntroc uction not in soma gree
cesaty TO complete the cycle IDEAS which have sug
| gested reflections. L
without referring TO the mineral wealth of our country
America is az rich in minerals as in soil and prod uces
all valuable and useful metals in the greatest abundance
Iron Is not confined TO particular locality 1t is
extends throughout the whole state of
the mountain res ions Of Maryland Virginia and North
Carolina 1t exists in large quantties Ia the states of
Missouri Ohio, Kentucky Tennessee, and Illinois, and
Lake Superior furnishing everywhere the levers Of
cviliz stion to an industrious and energetic people.
The coal region Of the United States includes Penusy
vania parts of Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina,
Georgia Alabama Ten nessee Kentucky, Missouri Iowa,
Illinois, Indiana and Ohio, and covers area larger
than the united king Of Great Britain and Ireland
Lead and zinc found in almost portion OF the
United States ia nexhaustibe quantities in Illinois,
Missouri, Iowa and Wisconsin Copper fouoi to some
various parts Of the Unon but the great cop
per fields the borders OF Lake Supero: and in
! New Mexico CO ID and silver found in California,
Oregon and New Mexico and along the range of the Al
leghany mountains in Virginia, North Carolina, AMI
! Georgia.
especially hsse Of COAL iron, and lead, insists in
the fact tat the mineral is found Ia large
|
promising at the time rich harvest to both tbs
miner and the husbandman. We not only produce the
minerals necessary the construction Of tools agrcu
implements, and machinery in advanced state
of industrial development bat also the precious metals
in such abundance as Will eventually ensble US to resu
late the standard OF values ana to control the COM
merce of the world 1t Is maintained by some
writers the subject, tina. mining. If not a
branch Of agriculture is at least kindred pur-
| suit The agrculurist draws from the earth the
orgaKic power which sustans vegetable life the
miner delivers her long accumulated in
her lap Mining like the Of the
hariens the body and renders it capable of great
physical exertion knowledge of mineralogy geology
ana chemistry indis the pursuit
of both branches Of industry and will enable the farmer
look for new sources OF wealth beneath the soil he
cutvates while will induce the miner occasionally to
his attention very probably 10 the external surface
Of the vault that his mining operations. The
division Of labor has, doubt, its advantages as
CARDS the cheapness of product.on; but IL Il less
conducive the deveopement Ct the mind and rarely
| applicable to sparsely settled country.
In thus cursory reviewing some OF the chief articles
Of agricultural and mineral production wh;h form the
bas Of foreign exchanges aud regulate In great
ure, also domestic exchanges Of the different
States Of confederacy the question arise,
how the establishment OF proper institutien the
Improvement anu better admin stratioa OF those arsa
dy in existence may aid in toe dsemns tioa Of know
ledge among the great body Of our industrious aud inie
PENDENT cultivators Of tn, soil The sulsct Il in
portsn AMI sppears thus far to have excited bat
little public attention.
1t woald seem too as IL our diplomatic ami con suiar
systems organized simply in regard to the great
interests Of commerce and manufactures; bat could
they not be made equally subservient 10 the mother
interest OF agriculture aud its coordinate braash-s
While our copsuls report On the commerce. and manu-
features Of foreign countries, would II not b; well to
require them to report also on the different ayrcu.
productions Of those countries aud the improve
men,s which from time to time may b. introduced Ia
their cultu Might they not be made TO farnish de-
tailed accounts Of toe modes o: cai,ieaoa the
manner Of preserving crops, the agricultural impie
in and the various kinds OF manures resortsd
TO u means OF preserving restoring soils Could
they not be induced 70 report ON all the variety OK fruit
shade and ornamental trees, aud forward specimens Of
seeds plants roots and bulbs for gratuitous disribu
ton accompanied by proper directions for their use
An occasional paper on the domestic aaas OF different
countries and the mode Of breeding them and improv
ing the breed would be particularly acceptable, should
official business OF the admit of such useful
and interesting digressioDs.
These reports would be expected to be quar-.
terly, those com1erce and manufactures. Al
paper would comprehend all that Is desirable an
would ainly be great tax the consul and
patience. In many instances all the materials Tor his
report would be readily furnished him by tbs Official
poteness Of the government to which he Is accredited
aud in others he would find all the required inform,-
tion already collected in some printed form
by such simple means vast amount Of inform ltion
from all parts Of the globe could b. collected which In
your hands and In the hands OF other corerp 1nding
associations would be most powerful auxiliary In the
dst emnstion Of agricultural kno Wedge. And would
In connection with this subject, respectfully su5.
gest the propriety Of establishing a grea, Nstionl
nicstion with Agricultural Societies in the DIFF
ferent States ard Territories OF the Union, a,i
with the Patent Once other appropriate 60
verpments Bureau might easily possess ts.f Of all
necessary information 10 present Ia is annual report,
an aud comprehensive view Of the s.riealtu
raj condition of whole country That society would
also be the proper medium for receiving the specimens
ofeeds plants, bulbs forwarded iron foreign c'un-
tries by consuls together with the collections which
under existing regulations, navy b In the habit 81
making, and Of distributing them among the different
States and Territories.
The National Agricultural Society would also be the
proper channel Of communication, and of cscting agr
cultural exchanges between the several local societies Of
the United states, and the various agricultural aud
learned associations in foreign countries IL would, in
fact be the great centre of agricultural information
which would dfuse knosledge In thousand different
directions over the whole length aud breadth of oar
land TO which every farmer could confidently apply
Tor advice aud instruction any subject connected
/ with his profession.
And here msy pause 90 inquire whether the Smith.
fonan Institute the seat 1T the national govern
might not ofci0, become collaboration and Efficient
aftIsiabt of the National Agricultural Society. in all
it, Literary and scientific branches Might no. the
Institute aid the socety in It's periodical publici-
tons aud In conf auction with g. dinuse tins great
/ est amount of useful knowledge among mcn ~
Surely the pnilanthropic intention Of tine worthy