davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The republic., 1851-01-03
In6rmity or Purpose.

When our neighbor of the Union announced
to his readers, at the close of the last year
that he had resolved to 'schange the tone" of his
journal, and to devote less space to personal
matters, we read the announcement with min
gled feelings of satisfaction and regret 1t was
encouraging to learn that change was to be
made where there was so much room to make
change for the better But the thought that
we We're To have no more of those instructive
essays on the weight of printing paper, no more
"interestng Conversations, - no more .'extraor-
dinary interviews" no more ''tt-bits of bio
graphy," was melancholy indeed We doubted
Mr.. RrTcHIE's capacity to fill up his precious
space with any thing that would be half so en-
tertaning.
Knowing, however, Mr.. RITcHIE's propen-
sites, we were not altogether without hope
that he would soon break his resolution. Like
some theatrical managers that we have heard
of, he never loses an opportunity to step before
the curtain and address the audience. We
knew it would not be long before we should see
him bowling at the footlights but we did sup
pose that he would succeed in keeping himsel
in the back ground for more than one day. In
this, however, were mistaken. Unless We
are troubled with what Mr.. RlTcHIE calls al
obtusity" of apprehension, we are right il
saying that the tone Of the Union has no
changed in the slightest degree.
1t devoted more than four columns yesterday
| exclusively to personal matters. Part of thi:
| space was taken up with certain letters of Gen
| eral JACKSON, which Mr.. RITcHIE thinks are
singular and piquant productions" and we
| think 50 too. They bear down rather hard upor
| Mr.. RITcHIE, but he seems to feel much fiat
tered because they bring against him no every
serious charge" These letters are brought ou
by the RWEs controversy, which appears to be
raging as violently as ever. Meanwhile, the
dispute between Mr.. RITcHIE and "OBsEB
YER" -" of which we gave some account the othe
day. grows warmer and warmer, and the las
blow struck by the latter is the heaviest anc
hardest Of all.
We shall keep our readers duly inform
ed of the progress Of these good Democra
tic quarrels. They add much to the live
illness Of the Union, and, according TO presen
appearances, will continue to furnish us with
amusement for some time 10 come; and we shall
endeavor always to serve up the choicest bit
| for the entertainment of our readers.
The republic., 1851-01-03
Nationality.

1t has been made the reproach of American
politics that they turn almost exclusively on
money. We think it was EDWARD EVERETT
who replied that this was at least an evidence
of our freedom, and the general security of
more essential interests. In despotic coun-
try, as Turkey for instance. the people never
discuss such sordd questions as those of polit-
cal economy; there a man has to consider whe-
ther his head shall remain on his shoulders,
which is a prerious question, cutting Oft all de-
bate.
1t is true, indeed, that most of our political
questions have either direct or indirect eco
nomical basis. The tariff, slavery, war, peace
all topics of discussion between political par
ties, are mainly considered as to their financial
bearing upon the people and the nation If
there is less said in Congress about the primary
and more fundamental questions of government
than in the French Assembly or German
Diet, it is because these have long since been
settled among us. We have no question as to
whether our Government shall be monarchy
or a republic, or whether some despoc Prus-
sian, or more despotc Austrian, shall become
our protector, and of course our master, Still, it
is quite true, that interests ofa material charac-
ter-ss money, lands, and merchandise-are
subject to principles and influences higher than
themselves--or rather the value Of these great
| ly depends on such principles and influences.
| The transcendentalists tell us of an inner
| life, which is the true theatre of individual
peace and JOY, of poverty and wealth. They
! look upon this as our actual existence, and the
outer world only as its symbols. There is no
thing new in this philosophy, but its use OF
terms. Every body knows that the soul OF
man is the mirror of his being and the APP
preciator of his experience. And here all phi
losophy teaches us TO place the source and cen
tire of life and action. From this spring char
acter and influence, and 10 this Also return the
compensations and retributions of pleasure and
pain, prosperity and adversely.
There is close analogy between individ-
ual and a nation The latter has its inner life,
as well as the former The idea is familiar "a
us in the terms " national character" 9 ma
tional spirit, SO genius of nation, :" &C.. all OF
which symbolic the people under the image OF
an individual, possessing spirlt-a heart beat
ing with the sensibilities of united millions.
A nation, then. has its character for good or i'll
Aside from its physical interests it has moral
ones. 9 As man thnketh, so is he,' saith
| the Scripture As a mans mind and soul are
high OF low, base or noble, so is his character,
50 his experience. As the people think, so is
the nation-so its true character-so its true
condition.
To take an instance-wil any one doubt that
man than the blood stained HAWAII, though
basking in the sunshine Of courtsl Will any
one say that modern Greece, IN her struggle
for liberty-ihough poor, oppressed, and driver
10 extremlty-was not happier than her op
The republic., 1851-01-03
Arrival of tn. U. S. Ship pr.ble. /.

The United States sloop-of war Prebe ar
rived at New York on Wednesday evening,
from the Pacific. She left San Francisco on
the I'd of August, and Valparaiso on the 22d OF
November. She has been absent from the
United States four years and three months,
and has sailed over one hundred Thousand
miles. Owing to sickness among her crew
and other causes she was not at sea for eleven
months of this time. She has suffered much
by sickness. Our telegraphic account, from
which the foregoing is derived, states that, out
Of one hundred and forty-six persons who sailed
IN her in 1916, but ten remain. If this be
true, we surmse that some of her crew must
have been transferred or deserted
The republic., 1851-01-03
I H L K Il L u Bill G .
WASHIN GTON:
FRIDAY MORNING, JANUARY ,, 1850.
[ See first page.l
Congress.

In the Senate yesterday Mr.. BRADBURY's
resolution about removals from office was taken
up, further debated by Mr.. BRIGHT, and then
postponed till Monday. The bill to ascertain
and settle private land claims in California was
further debated by Messrs. BENTON and GwIN;
and, without any action, the Senate adjourned.
The House of Representatives did not sit
yesterday, having adjourned from Wednesday
till to-day.
The republic., 1851-01-03

PAINE's GAs.-The Hartford Comm Co,uant
makes the following pertinent inquiry in relation
to the hydrogen gas of Mr.. Paine:
1--WE have stated that the editors at Worcester
and he of the Boston Chronotype, have given in
their adherence to the genuineness of Mr.. Paine g
light We hope that the whole may prove both a
new scientific discovery and one of practical bene
fit But'the public needs information point
Hydrogen, as we.a know, burns with only slen-
der flame, but incorporate it with carbon and it
becomes brilliant light Mr.. Paine's hydrogen
passes through oil Of fWpentins, and then burns
brilliantly. The result of such experiment has
been long known. But il diminishes the turpen
tine rapidly as TO make il an expensive mode Of
lighting. The point, then, il, does Mr.. Paine's hy-
drogen burn 30 beautifully oithout any consunp-
fion of the tiirpentine?"
The republic., 1851-01-03

ANNUAL Loss OF LIFE AND Property ON TNn
LAKEs.-The Buffalo Commercial Adrertiser pub
fishes, from reliable sources, detailed statement
of the disasters the lakes during the past season,
from which it appears that they involved the loss
of three hundred and ninety five lives, and S 55S,
926. Ten steamboats,, twenyone sail craft and
propeller having gone out of existence entirely
OF the loss of life two hundred and fifty resulted
from the burning of the steamer Griffith sixty five
from the explosion of the Anthony Wayne, and
thirty eight from the collision of the steamer Com
merce.
The republic., 1851-01-03

INoIANA CosvEsTIos.-The Convention have
decided that the term of Governor and Lieutenant
Governor shall be four years. The Governor TO be
ineligible to any other office during the term for
which he is elected Governor; that the Governor g
veto may be overruled by majority of both
houses; and that all bills, not returned by the Co
vernon within five days shaI become laws, unless
adjournment prevent, in which case they shall not
be laws
The republic., 1851-01-03
GaEAr BANK RoBBEpY.-The otsego

GREAT BANK RoBBERy.-The Otsego County
Bank, New York, was robbed, between Saturday
afternoon, the 2sth, and Monday morning, the 30th
ultimo, of thirty-two thousand dollars, nearly as
follows; $4,000 in bills of Central bank, Cherry
Valley; $4,000 in bills of various banks, mostly
in New York State, west of Schenectady; $4,000
in bills of Otsego County Bank; $4,000 in gold,
So 800 in silver. notice signed by the president,
and attested by the cashier dated at Coopcrstown,
states that 5000 will be paid for such informa-
ton will lead to the conviction of the burglar
and recovery of the money or $4,000 for the
former only, and $4,000 for the latter or in that
proportion for any part of it,
The republic., 1851-01-03

The STEAMER BALTfo.--An extra of the Var
mouth MASS Register states, on the authority of
passenger in the Baltic, that Captain Comstock
signed receipts for several hundred tons of coal
more than is ordinarily required for the passage,
and is confident there must have been some mis-
take in the quantity delivered. The mistake was
not discovered until Saturday afternoon, when the
steamer was Immediately headed to Provinoetow
A contract had been made for two hundred tons of
coal at Provncetown, and the steamer was TO sail
for New York yesterday afternoon.
The republic., 1851-01-03
THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1851.

Present the whole court
No. 40. The United States, appellant, ps. l.. Bos-
dore's heirs The argument of this cause was con
tnued by General Howard for the appelees, and
concluded by Mr.. Attorney General Crittenden for
the appellants.
No. AZ. The Washington, Alexandria, and
Georgetown Steampacket Company, plaintiff in
error, ps Frederick Sickels and nj. The argument
of this cause commenced by Mr.. Lawrence for
the plaintiff in
Adjourned until to morrow at l. o'clock.
The republic., 1851-01-03

Mr.. CHARLES j. HENNIss formerly connected
with the editorial department of the Philadelphia
North american, has become the editor and proprie-
tor of the Minnesota Chronicle and Register, pub
lshed at st. Paul. in the young and thriving ter
ritory of Minnesota. The North american says
that the place bids fair to be important city at
no distant day, and the paper, which is the only
Whig journal in the territory, is valuable one.
Mr. Henniss possesses editorial and business abili-
ties of very high order, and is deserving of
The republic., 1851-01-03

The STEAMBOAT GLADIATOR. The Wilmington
On. C.) Commercial contains a card signed by
Jenny Lind and her company bostowing warm
praises on the captain, engineer, and crew of the
steamboat Gladiator for the praise worthy manner
in which they managed the boat during their late
passage, which they say was of an unprecedently
tempestuous nature, and lasted throughout the
voyage OF thirty four hours, being seventeen hours
beyond the usual period occupied in the trip gene
rally.
The republic., 1851-01-03
DEPARTMENT or THE INTERIOR,
WAEuINGTON he. IA IAN

SIR; In answer to the inquiry contained in your
paper OF the 4th instant, you are Informed that the
Pension Office is subordinate to this Department;
that appeal lies from that Office to the Secretary
and that the Commissioner ia bound in his action TO
conform to the decisions of his superior officer.
Any dccision, therefore, of the Commissioner of
Pensions not in conformity to the action or drec
ton OF the Secretary of the Interior is unauthor-
ized, and up m an appeal will be corrected
The Secretary having decided that the ''substi
tute, end not his employer" is entitled to bounty
land under the of September %. 1880 the state
ment of the late Commissioner OF Pensions, to
which you refer, is erroneous.
am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
&. GODDARD, Chief Clerk.
The editor of the Wabash Express, Terre Haute
Indiana.
The republic., 1851-01-03

WALTER SAVAGE LASpoR writes a letter to
Dickens, in the Examiner thanking him very
warmly for his article in the Household U'ords on
the imprisonment Of the German poet Knkel, and
requesting TO be enrolled IA n subscriber of SIS
yearly on his behalf
The republic., 1851-01-03

The $40 900 which the Abolitonists have paid to
get their champion, Mr.. Chaplin, out of the hands
of Maryland Justice would have liberated forty
slaves.-Boston Post
But then they would not have experienced the
qualification which they derive from witnessing
their mischief. To have done much practi
cal good would not have afforded them half 80 much
Measure Baltimore Sun
The republic., 1851-01-03

A has been discovered in Kentucky who
takes many newspapers and always pays for them
in advance The printers of several States are al
ready arranging to contribute blocks Of marble TO
his monument.
The republic., 1851-01-03
From the IfrTe Haute (Ind.) Express.
ROnntv I.anda

On the 4th instant we published a letter from the
late Commissioner Of Pensions, J. l.. Edwards,
Esq to r. + Trowbridgc, of Missouri which stated
that "hose who hired substitutes in the war IF 1912
are entitled to the bounty land, and not the Substi
tufe." Since which we called the attention of the
honorable Secretary of the Interior to the letter of
the Commissioner, and we have the following re-
ply, from which it will be seen that the SUBSTITUTE
is the person entitled TO the land and not The man
tphO procured The subsfitife.
The republic., 1851-01-03
Governor of Maryland.

The Inauguration Of E. LOUIS LOWE, Esq,
Governor elect of Maryland, will take place on
Monday next, the 9th of January, at An
napolis.
The republic., 1851-01-03

SKATINe.-The Boston Journal says that the ex-
hilaratng and healthfu sport of skating is rapid
ly becoming popular in that community. Those
who advanced in years do not deem it unbe-
coming to indulge in this amusement even the
gentler sex lend hand to the skating parties by
their presence and participation. The sport has
long been fashionable in the European cities, and
numbering among it's devotces many who move in
the highest circles of society. Ladies' skating
clubs not uncommon, and some of the most
proficient skaters are found among their members
The republic., 1851-01-03

The STEAMER =" CITY OF GLASGOW" arrived in
Delaware bay Wednesday The river boat
" John Stevens to leave Philadelphia yester-
day morning with Committee of Arrangements
on board for the purpose of meeting her.
Gas LIGHTS IN New YoRK.-The municipal
councils.of New York, having passed an ordinance
granting contract to the Gas Light Company OF
that city for eighteen years, Mayor Woodruff has
vetoed the ordinance by returning it with his OBJ
jections. .
Wisconsin tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1847-1854, 1851-03-13

Cf 3. IL .ae-i.- p.al....-a. --l-s tie greatest
specific gravity. and, consrq rqlent.y, the Ieass
% auk. se.i cames next tseu ia p nearly
regular sr.4-at.on. Lead, mercury, silver. bss-
aiuth, eorper, IRON. IN aad antin9ny: aud
hen solAm ssd potassium pound q tne
tyo last aairg qual % balA - a1 least twenty
poCu.s IS rsl--.1au.
Wisconsin tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1847-1854, 1851-03-13

To REuz-v WArEaT Pore TOES. II your
aa,4.a.g AZ .as.ers,' pas iaro the water be-
gore t4Ula.. 2 small piece of Ime- TINS vii
render tlern perfectly dry AMI nelly. THIS
Is m easy all cheap nethol 81 reu.r'lying
v.rv common evil. aaj one Il This sea-ua very
extensive. 5 complain, of The lilne should
BE- f-esh. aaI for "a common sized l,mlIy say
six. the piece should aot exceed lAe s'zs Of n
( EB-lis.I w4l1lt.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1851-11-13
For Me Dmy Journal.
Champlain Valley Horticultural
Society.

4 bin Is TOW before the Legislature ask
ing am act ot Incorporation OF Tins Society
and au appropriation lot DTS use, equal to
the amouat p4id to the Agricultural fund iu
1850 and 1851 by tie County Of Cmten-
den.no part ofwhich has been taken Cor t.e
use uf ITS cluzeus-lud, as To- Whist they
have pail they ask INTO be returned ,o De ap-
Piled to a Hprticuifarai as more useful for
them than an Agricaharai society
THIS Society Was organiz d lu February
1851 aud MS inst Aauud Exhibition held
lu October Il embraces tae whole 'alie}
including all tie towns whose waters flo"
into the Lake By lis constitution At can
hold Exhib,uaus at any place ga il' ter-lio-
~. but ihcir Annual Meetings for business
aud Exhibition Of winter fruits arc To be
held al Burlington as beng the most cent
ral place.
A a,ea, impulse has been given tothe sub
lect uf iruu culture generally, "tihn "a ie"
years-stlli. %. part cd our larmu- inter
es,s Is at present so liuie understood.
While the State Of Massachusetts, Is eX
porting buadreds of thousands barrels %
apples. we, with sod aud climate eqlslll
as good, are not producing enough Tor home
consumptIon-m OF Tins has been done
by the influence of the Massachusetts llor
ueuhural Society, the effect of which q
now seen through the Stale and Is eXiendin.
through the Union.
We cannot rely on other States or For
eign Authors for the information necessarl
Apples, Pears, Plums and Grapes, arr
not ike Cattle and Sheep, 10 be carried
from Que Stale to another, but each vafie'.
Is adapted To particular soil and climate
which can be told only 10y experiment, ana
to make these experiments, aud show "ha' .
aud what is not adapted 10 our climate, VII
be one If the leading objects OF the Society
Should the Legislature grant the and de
sired, II vail enable the Society 20 procur
aud distribute FREELY. seeds, plaul-, trees
aud sclons; also to publish fall accounts {
all experiments, with descriptive lists an
recommendations of fruits for culture 4
al quarters of the State. This can be do"
only by associations with funds Tor TN
purpose.
An objection has been made to the az
preparation, because an isolated part OF IA
| State Of New-York. lying west of.he Lake
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1851-11-13

from its Jurisdiction as slaves, and yet with no
po'cer TO inquire, in any given case, whether the
person arrested Is slave or mott Nay more
this predicament also: the State of Vermont
possessing this perfect constitutional right. on
paper, bu The State Courts Of Teras, South Chr.
oiiHa, &c. &c. possessing the erciusire rigLt. as
against Vermont, Of determining the fact of free
dom or slavery It has been objected, however.
that federal courts may Try the question of free
dom incidentally on the question Of IDENTIFY
We reply, that they may not do So Identity
may be perfectly clear, apparently, and yet false
in fact and so freeman pass for slave Such
case has already occurred in Pennsylvania
This objection, then, is concusively answered.
1t has been said also that federal Judges may in
terierc by habeas corpus. They may but their
power over the habeas corpus az com,aon law Is
no greater than that Of the State Judges and, ac-
cording to the views Of Justice Hicy will only
see that the arrest has been made ON legal pro-
cess in due form, and will not try the question Of
freedom They vii hand the prisoner over to
the commissioner and thus we come back to
this strange predicament again: the State Of
Vermont possessing clear constitutional right
to protect ireemen against men-stealers yet with
no power To inquire into the fact Of freedom
That is left exclusively to the court which the
man steaier chooses to select for his purpose
Now our doctrine is exactly this; The fact of
siareiy oiiedged By tie master enl be coutroperied
IN The STATE courts Of Dernont, because on that
r.
ido depends the rgh q the State, by the consti-
teton to d liver up or rather refuse to deliver
up he person claimed. It tins TACT IS success
iul'y eoh'ro'efted' the decision OF the State
court Is conclusive unless reused oy ifnt 81 4"
'or 30 ih' y. :. supreme Court II ta.s fact Is
noi con'fo'er'ed' the prisoner VIII 60 before the
federal commissioner and try hls 'ae''ty- and
before the state court Of Texas or elsewhere and
by Gag" with ihe master-h he cnn such is
our own 'ie" OF the r'shis Of i'e state. JUS
nee has once argued That Tire habeas corpus act
of last year does not 70 iar enough for tlls: our
answer was amend 10 Tie now ARGUES that the
st &c has no ngt 70 make that act eiecwal 90
protect The liberty of the fee citizens IF Yer
mont against mans'ea'ers Our answer is
srei rs not ne dodr.ns Of tie Constitution q he
cn'ia STATES
we do boy roco'iect whether in The cases we
referred 70, The persons were held on process
from any court nor is 81 nniera- They we're
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1851-11-13

may share in its benefits II, in this way,
we can pay ,Iifng commission to that
liberal state, which has scattered books lib
orally, not only To orr State Library, but
III all quarters of the State, and has paid
many hundreds of dollars to our ctlzens
who are ALWAYS allowed 10 compete for pre-
miums at their State Shows, 1t IS one of
the best arguments for the appropriation,
rather than un objection, as tbs is the oniy
opportunity offered for making a slight ac-
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1851-11-13
NEW YokK ELECTION.

Seiate -Whgs Is Democrats rs three dis
tricts doubtful.
Aouse.-WMgs - Democrats 80; TO be as
ccrtaued y.
Panof both state tickets probably elected.
Vermont watchman and State journal. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1836-1883, 1851-11-13
40 lhs DrlLn LnnrnnL.

] did not intend again TO trcspass upon your
cl.lna' 1hi certain points 10 your comment up
o' l .,or +, drg sor, "' Ill.,,
sa incorrect, idea Of the nature. DESIGN and low.
arof d writ Of hnbeas corpus. You clothe il
with powers That i exercised, would enable j
'9l e' . o,'', ~ in., '"e ,o,y' a'a
III orbsr criminal courts. Let me rcct,r 10 the
Illustration already cited. The alleged fugitive
sGpalrs 1el9fe a Ju9ge OF the = .. Court upon
or VS. u nrsea,eJ 70 the ,5gs snJ ~" -.
I'm The Judge is 10 try under the fugitive Slave
low IS. whether The prisoner is fireman or
saf' 10 '1o mus Oh uis t'iuence' une PRISON
.,, al b-,n,lt beforc The col,,,s mn ,rIo
rurn shows that the prisoner is held under a
r-H.ar process Of t1m, and is on trial before
jl'si ''' = '.'l.'' upon ,he question
,,. .i,,s f-,.n Virginia. Now do Won bold M,
tae county nudge under these circumstances may
Fo-esd anl my me- '7ne question that was 90
he a., . Jug un' llus
IfuItosee tit this would lead to collision and
g1lc. between the courts Suppose IN point
0 il,' ~ "ti''ui' WINS a 'usi'iVo save, ahH l'e
All ,,. ,,Tr.b,i should at,sr,y.rJs r',.lo i,,.'
and brar him again before the L. $ iudrc who
should atinige him TO be a slave What then
'"l g .''' "io" any c'''1eh OF vermont o'-
',i..,b. ~ r-r'','3 ,l,t5'.t .,..,i,-',.' ~
r0 /. not ih., a strange doctrine, If hue.
might've sf'c lazy is in truth dead letter
.'n -" ~ O'ol-'l w 'oI l'i'i uiue' IT,
..rc.s.s. A pan h. arresieJ AMI b.onglt
rel Judge, charged with murder, or robbie
ai "hi'e under examination Doe s brought
l1'- Wv ..'.l l''''' ~
KIN. cl,r,,nr the nr.-.,er Mi, a,n-,l.- 'r
hsaa My good friend of the journal appears
prisoner and gmve.y argues 20 ihe Judge
"'1'.s
,.3..., ,.,i.'-.,, rJ... .,l ,i.-,t.,.
Usui. thtthe Judge shall proceed 20 exc
INTO tae guilt nocenoe of The prisoner
~ ll'o'.'' 'olp's' '1e-e
.-, ,nil.. s... ,.'..t., ~ XII, H.. ,.,..
to.a, hlnis. ,Vhlt WOO my friend of the
Il la r.py- This is certainly a parallel
"'" Hlo - 5 "'at - ".'' IS '''7 .'1
,..l ,i',..l- ,.G s1
$50 10 SEE where this assumption of
tlg llabels Corpus viii lead. aud that
tH-1I iad ought uot % De allowed II feo-