davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24

PUBLrc Dent OF EcuADoR.-W notice in the
London Times, OF the Sth instant, communication
from Colonel Van Alien, formerly charge d'affaires
from the United States to Ecuador, proposing
plan for the adjustment OF the debt of that republic
The amount borrowed by the old republic Of Co.
lumbia was $3.50, 900 900; and when that confede.
racy was dissolved, and the debt divided by con-
vention Of the States, Ecuador became responsible
for Il per cent, or $6,45O,000. No interest has
been paid upon this amount for upwards OF twenty
five years; nor is any expected, unless the bond
holders themselves take some steps to secure il.
The plan proposed ia follows: The principal to
be funded into stock bearingintcrest at the rate
OF per cent. for the first ten years, and per cent
for the next ten years, and up to per cent,
and thereafter at that rate. The arrears ofintcr-
est, now amounting to $4,000, 900, to be paid in
scrip receivable for public lands the rate of ono
dollar per acre. Such bondholders as accede to
this plan arc to furnish fund amounting to 5per
cent ON their respective parcels OF stock be paid
in two equal annual instamcnts, bearing interest
at the rate Of per cent, and to be applied to in
tcrnal improvements in the republic, all of which
will accrue directly indirectly TO the holders Of
the debt, and Of the public lands received for the
scrip. If this plan should be mutually agreed upon,
new impulse will be given to the spirit of enter
prise in that country.-N. Y Jour. of Commerce.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24
Virginia Convention.

The following Is compromise offered by Mr..
Boris in the Virginia Convention to settle the basis
of representation:
al. The Legislature shall be formed of two dis
tnct branches, which together shall be called the
General Assembly of Virginia.
go One of these shall be called the House Of Del
egates, and shall consist of hundred and fifty
members-seventy- five of which shall be chosen
for and by the several counties, cities and towns
lying east of the Blue Ridge of mountains, and
the other seventy five from those counties cities
and towns lying west of the Blue Ridge
'3. The other shall be called the Senate, and
shall consist of - members, ono half Of which
number shall be chosen for and by those counties,
cities and towns lying east of the Blue Ridge, and
the other half for and by these counties, cities and
towns lying west of the Blue Ridge; for which pur-
pose each division of the State lying east and west
of the Blue Ridge shall be laid off into $3.50 dis
trcts, and each district shall be entitled to one re-
preventative.
cd. There shall be a uniform system Of ad valo-
rem taxation upon every description and species Of
property in the commonwealth, real, personal, and
mixed, except such may be especially exempted
by vote oftwo-thirds of each branch of the Legs-
lature.
"6 II shall not be lawful for the Legislature to
create public debt, without at the same time, or
during the same session, providing for the payment
of the same, by increasing the rate of per centage
of taxation in such names and to such extent
may be sufficient to meet the payment of the debt
when it becomes due. No bill appropriating sum
OF money exceeding dollars shall become a
number elected Of both branches Of the Legisla-
ture."
Mr.. Boris addressed the convention all day on
Monday and part Of Tuesday, when he concluded,
in favor Of his proposition.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24

| First we commend TO the attention Of the
ton to which General CAss addressed the
shortest political letter on record; and to the
good citizens of Cleveland, seat of that scene
Of extraordinary noise and confusion which pre-
vented the General from expressing his real
sentiments with his usual frankness-to the
worthy people Of these two cities we commend
the doctrines of the Union newspaper, as pro-
muIgated in the prospectus of its new pro-
prietors:
"The wasteful and demoralzing system
Of internal improvements by the Federal
Government will be earnestly opposed. while
every effort will be made to expose Federal
extravaganza, and bring back the Govern
ment to the wholesome principles of econ
omy."
How will this answer? Here are two OF
three messages of General JACKSON, and at
least two of Mr.. Polk, concentrated into four
or five lines. What says young America to
these antediluvian notions? Is Mr.. RHErr to
carry the day against the people who live on
the banks of the Mississippi and the borders
Of the great lakes Where is Mr.. JOHN
WENTWORTH
But let us hear Mr.. BUCHANAN on the same
subject. He is speaking of the resolutions of
'9S, and the principle that was embodied in
| them:
"Were this old republican principle adopted
| in practice, we should no longer witness I'M
| warrantable and dangerous attempts in Con-
gress to interfere with the institutions of do
| nestle slavery, which belong exclusively to
the States where it exists; there would be no
efforts to establish high protective tariffs
8 the public money ,co,Ad not be squandered
upon grand system Of internal improve
9 merts, general IN name, but partial in its gerry
nature, and corrupting Ia Its tendency, both
to the Government and to the people; and we
9 would retrench our present extravagant ex-
| penditures, pay our national debt, and return
to the practice of wise economy, SO essen.
tial both to public and private prosperity"
1t is evident that the Union and Mr.. BucH-
ANAN agree on one topic at least and it is
painful to think that they can differ on any
subject from General CAss. Who can tell us
what the Generals present views may be on
this interesting question
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24
From the Yicksbtrg Uhig.
MIR. Fillmore.

1t is at all times gratifying to those who aid
In elevatng man to office to know that the
man of their choice so demeans himself as TO
satisfy the people; but it is especially CRAFTY
ing to the Wings of the South, at this time, to
perceive that President FILLMORE is fully JUS
tifying and redeeming the pledges made in his
behalf by the Wings of the South. During
the heated Presidential canvass of l848 he was
revlled by the southern Locofocos as an aboli-
ZIONIST, free-soiler, &c., and very many south
ern men were deferred from giving their sup
port to the old hero-patriot, because the name
OF FILLMORE was associated with his on the
ticket Since the lamented death of General
TAYLOR, Mr.. FILLMORE has had to guide the
ship OF State through the severest and most
dreaded political storm which she has encoun-
tered since the formation of our Government.
But he has stood calmly at the helm, and passed
unmoved over the dark and malignant waves of
party hate, and breasted successfully the fierce
pillows of ambition and fanaticism For brief
period his truest friends in the South feared that
he could not weather the storm; and many were
the patriot eyes cast upon the troubled waters
OF the political ocean, expecting every moment
to see the good old ship go down, covered for
ever from mortal sight, by the vast winding
sheet that fioated upon the surface of the turbid
waters of anarchy and fanaticism. But the
storm is passing away, and the good old ship
is riding smoothly on, with the helmsman
firmly standing at his post, the sails are whit
ened, and the deck washed; but she is not en-
tirely safe-the seamen who proved themselves
unfaithful or mutinous, during the hour of trial
must be thrown overheard; and the good work
has been commenced Let it continue, and the
cheering cry of ''all's well" will soon be heard
from every political Waterman whose eyes are
cast on the good old ship. But to be brief; no
President has ever had greater cause for self
pride and congratulation than President FILL
MORE. His friends admire and honor him more
than they ever did.
He meets with very little opposition now,
but from the Free-soilers and dsunionists !;
and if he perseveres in his firm, consistent, and
patriotic course, he will soon have them SO com
Pletely manacled by public opinion that neither
their groans nor slghs will excite sympathy,
nor their writings or contortions prove dan
gerous. All honor, then, to the President,
who, in the guidance of the ship Of State, knows
no compass but his official oath, nor no chart
but that laid down for his govemment-the
CONSTITUTION.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24
THE REPUBLIC.
WASHIN GTON:
THURSDAY MORNING. APRIL "a. 1851.

.Tbe series of measures to which have alluded
are regarded by me as settlement, In principle
and substance-a final settlement-of the danger
GUS and exciting subjects which they embraced"
.Rv that adjustment we have been rescued from
the wide and boundess agitation thatsurrounded
US, and have a firm, distinct and legal ground
to rest upon. And the occasion, trust, will JUS
tify me IN ExHoRrINe NY oouNrRYMEN TO RALLY
UPON AND MAINTAIH THAT GROUND as the best, if
not the only means, Of restoring peace and quiet
to the country, and maintaining invioate the in
tegrty Of the Union"
president FILLMoRE's MESSAGE.
1.-THE Presidents message, at the opening ofthe
present session of Congress, expresses fully and
plainly his own and the unanimous opinion of all
those associated with him in the Executive admin
istraton of the Government, in regard to what
are called the Adjustment or Compromise mea-
sures of last session That opinion is, that those
measures should be regarded in principle as
final settlement of the dangerous and exciting
subjects which they embrace; that though they
not free from imperfections. yet, in their
mutual dependence and connection, they formed
: system of compromise the most conciliatory
and best for the entire country that could be OBJ
tanned from conflicting sectional interest and
opinions, and that therefore they should be ad.
. hered to, until time and experience should de-
monstrate the necessity of further legislation to
guard against evasion or abuse. That opinion, 60
far as l know, remains entirely unchanged, and
will be acted upon steadily and decisively. The
peace of the country requires this; the security OF
the Constitution requires this; and every conside
ration Of the public good demands this. If the
Administration cannot stand upon the principles
the message, it does not expect to stand at all
[DANIEL WEBsTERs Letter to the Union Meeting
at TVestchester.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24
"The Spirit Of tho Union,

We have received the first number Of very
handsome large quarto newspaper, just started
In New York, edited by j. w. BRIcE, esq.,,
published weekly, and devoted TO National Pol
ltlcs, Literature, and the perpetuation Of the
Union. Its title is embellished with portraits
of WASHINGTON, MADISON, and CLAY. We
are inclined to believe, from its appearance and
the tone of its articles, that the Esprit of IN,
Union" will take high position among the
political and literary journals of the country.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24

How TO PRODUCE SPoNrANEoUs CoMBusTIoN.-A
writer in the Scientific american shows how spor-
tancous combustion may be produccd:
"Takc a small lot of cotton, say from to an
ounce, and saturatc it well with well boiled nsced
oil, such as painters commonly use; squeeze all the
superabundant oil from it, and lay it in the sun in
bustion in twenty minutes-in the shade ii may
take two three hours. have tried ii many times
to crafty the curious and convince the skeptical.
The cotton must be pressed together rs compact
as il can we'll be done in the hand, and must
not be disturbed by oosening it after you saturate
il. II is nothing new under the sun that cotton
hemp will take fire by being saturated with oil but
that it should ignite quick is what has astonishcd
Inc. Some kinds of boiled oil will cause the cotton
to ignite much sooner than others, owing, 1 sup
posc, to the dryers used in boiling. do not know
what put in the oil when boiled which have ex-
Perimented with, as it came from New York ready
boiled for use"
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24
Portrait Of General Taylor.

MIR. VANDERLYN has portrait of the late
President TAYLOR, painted from life little
previous to his decease, which has been highly
commended, and considered as true, and at
the same time favorable, representation Of its
distinguished subject
We understand that this original portrait is
for sale, and can be seen at the store Of Mr.
LAMB, frame-maker, on the avenue, opposite
the National Hall.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24
The UniOn-Mr. Buchanan and River and
Harbor improvements.

We are glad to. see that Mr.. BUCHANAN and
the Union have come out tolerably fiat footed
in regard to River and Harbor improvements.
On this ground they both stand on the " reso-
lutions Of 1887 and the distractions of the elite
of the distinguished Democrats of Rich
mond." On this point we shall merely quote
their respective views, and then leave them to
the tender merces Of Senator DOUGLAS and
f" Young America" We apprehend that the
Union and Mr.. BUCHANAN are considerably be-
hind the age in this matter. Mr.. RHErr never
spoke truer word in his life than when he
said that on the River and Harbor Improve
ment question the Democratic party had gone
over to Mr.. CLAY and the Administration
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24

"SuBMIssIoSIsrs."-Dr j. p. Evans, a leading
Democrat Of Claiborne county, Tennessee, in let
ter declining so be candidate for the Legislature
takes occasion to administer most but we'll
merited costigation on those persons who are con-
tinually making impotcnt kick. at the Union, and
denouncipg all those who won't kick with them
"submissionists." He says:
sin short, every man who oes.not render him
self ridiculous by dcmoniac contortions, vehement
gesticuatons, or cxtravagapt bravado, on various
frivolous occasions, is condemned 'subms-
sionist.'"
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24

TucKEnMAN's PoEMs.-"Poems by Henry Theo-
dore Tuckcrman, VOL, l2mo., lis pages. Bos.
ton; Ticknor, Reed & Fields" Mr.. Tuckerman,
though more widely known as prose writer than
poet has written many verses, which the world
with not willingly let die, to judge from the popu-
larity which they seem to enjoy, and from the fire.
quency Of their repetition in the newspapers. We
commend this elegant volume very cordially TO
the literary world. II may be found at Taylor &
Maury's.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24

PENNSYLVANIA CANAL AND RAILROAD TOLLS
The receipts into the State treasury of Pennsyl-
vania from canal and railroad tolls for the four
months ending with March, 1851, were $3IS, 167 Al.
against 1921 ,54l So for the corresponding month
OF the previous year thus showing an increase of
$96.625 IS in 1851 Tho entire receipts from this
source for the whole OF last year were 8 NIB
SfS l6 At the above rate of increase il maintain
ed, they will this year reach So, 100000
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24

NAvAL.-The u. 8. steam. gate Saranac. flag
ship of the home squadron, Capt. Tatnall, bearing
the broad pennantoi Commodore Foxall A. Parker,
arrived off the navy yard on Sunday morning last.
she arrived of Santa Rosa Island on the evening
of the 5tb but owing to thick weather ran of for
the night.
The arrival Of U. s. ship Albany is expected
daiy-Pensacoia Gazette, Aprii H.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24

makes the following announcement:
"Mr. Clay arrived here last evening the Pey-
tona, on his way from New Orleans to his own
home. In anticipation of his arrival, the Louis
vile Guards, under the command of Captain L. b.
White, went to Portland to receive him. The ap-
proach of the Peytona was indicated by the dis
charge of her gun, and the Guards received the IL
lustrous statesman with national salute, one gun
for each State in the Union. very large con.
course of persons assembled at the landing, and
the shouts were long and enthusiastic.
"The Guards escorted Mr.. Clay from Portland
to the Gait House, where very large crowd, made
up of both parties Unfortunately, assembled to
give him heartfelt greeting. All pressed around
him, anxious to take the hand, at least to the
face, of the man whom by common consent they
recognised as the master spirit of the country and
the age Every person present seemed to look upon
him with feelings of love, admiration, and rever-
ence.
cit gives extreme pleasure to be able to an
nounce that Mr.. Clay health has greatly improved
since he left Washington city. We think he looks
as healthy, as vigorous, apd even as young, if we
may use that word in connection with man sew
enty- four years old, he has looked at any time
within the last six q: eight years.
"We understand that Mr. Clay will leave our
city for Ashland this afternoon. Nine cheers for
Harry of Kentucky, nine for Harry of the Union,
nine for Harry of the world"
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24

On CoLosy RAILROAD, MAss.--All the break
ages on this road have been repaired. with the ex-
ccption Of Ncponsct bridge, and trims run with
The usual regularity. Transcript.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24

The New York Tribune publishes state
ment derived from conversation with gentle
men who came passengers in the Prometheus,
which vessel left San Juan two days after the
steamer Mexico, from which that paper learns
that the account recently published in the New
Orleans Picayune, founded upon communica-
tons of a Mr.. j. CALVARY HALL, is almost
entirely false. No change whatever has come
over the inhabitants of Nicaragua in regard to
the Americans. The country is quiet, and the
Americans residing there are unmolested. The
story that fifteen of our countrymen had been
murdered within twenty -five days, on the road
from Realejo to San Juan, is totally false. The
only person murdered was Mr.. A. C. May
NARD, who was engaged in the transportation
line between Grenada and Realejo. He was
attacked by four persons and killed, in conse-
quence, as was generally supposed, of some
injury he had given them. Instead of the
Nicaraguan authorities refusing redress, three
of the murderers were taken, tried at Masagua,
and condemned to be shot, When Mr.. VOL
coTT left, the officers were on the hunt for the
fourth offender
The name Of the person who was attacked
on the road, and left for dead, was WILLIAMS,
and not MOONEY, as Mr. HALL states. He was
crossing the country alone, in ca'reta, when
he was set upon by six robbers, who gave him
eighteen lance wounds, plundered him and left
him in the road. He was taken to Grenada,
where he was treated with the utmost kind
ness by the natives, and so far restored that he
was enabled to reach San Juan in time to take
passage in the Prometheus. He reached New
York on Friday last These are the only out
RACES (says the Tribune, which have lately
occurred in Nicaragua, and they are more than
counterbalanced by the excuses which have
been committed by returning Californians, on
their passage through the country.
So far from there being eight hundred
Americans about to leave the country, Mr..
HALL himself was the only American who
was forced to leave, and not without good rea-
son, according to the story current in NIcara-
qua. The Tribune understands that he was
engaged in some speculation concerning plank
road between Realejo and Chinandega; and
that. having killed one of the natives in an al
tercation, he was forced suddenly to take his
leave.
Both the government and people of Ncara-
qua are now, as they have always been, bitter
ly hostile to British influence on account of the
Mosquito affair. On the other hand, there is
the greatest good feeling towards the Americans
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-04-24

Reply Of the Governor of Massachusefts to the Coz
enor Of South Carolina.
BosroN, March 80, 1884.
SIR The letter you did me the honor to address
to me, laid before the general court at their first
session after the receipt oft; and in compliance
with their request enclose you the whole of the
transactions respecting the negroes mentioned in
your letter, which, upon pcrusal, fiatter myself
have the honor to be, with sentiments of esteem
sir, your exccllency's most obedient and humble
servant JOHN HANCOCK
His Excellcncy the Governor of South Carolina, SC
The next document is the letter of the Judges Of
the supreme judicial court of the Commonwealth Of
Massachusetts,, TO whom Governor Hancock had
referred Governor Guerard's letter To this letter
are attached the necessary legal documents:
BosroS, December 20, 1888.
STA: Having been this day favored, by your cx-
cellcncy's orders, with sight Of letter from his
cxcellcncy, the Governor of South Carolina, re-
speeding several negroes said to belong to that State
wherein he is pleased to arraign the judicial de-
partment here as unwarrantaby interfering in
their liberation; for your excellency 3 satisfaction
and to prevent any dissatisfaction or jealousy in
any Of the United. States, we have enclosed copy
OF the proceedings respecting one of them; the
proceedings being had respecting all, being eight
in number. At the last term motions were made
by some of the counsel Mt the bar in behalf of the
negroes, Tor writs OF habeas corpus, (Which is the
right OF every person., for judicial determination
upon the legality ftheir commitment. The wris
were returned in due form, by which it appeared
that they were committed to the common jail by a
justice OF the peace, upon complaint that they had
abscnted themselves from their masters service and
refused to return.
After hearing counsel both sidcs, for and
ag ainst the legality Of the commitment, (Which
the course of the law obliged the court to decide
upon,) there appeared to be no law OF this State
and we do not find there ever was one, warranting
commitment to prison by justice of the peace
in such a case.
Whereupon it was the opinion Of the court that
there was no legal ground for their detention in
prison, and they were consequently obliged to
hbcrate them upon motion for that purpose. II
man has right to the service of another who de-
scrts ms service, undoubtedly he has n right to
take MN up and carry him home to service again,
whicn has always been the here without any
sanction from the magistrate. II is suggested in
inc mittimus that they were delivered TO the care
oil MIR. winthrop for the benefit of their masters;
ana why they were not carried OF without the
trouble OF imprisoning we know not. Whether
any person had right to the service of those me-
grocs, and might take them up, clearly qucs-