davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

Msssss. E1itor9-As lover Of tFath and fair
Gfliass ~ for fendsring unto Cesar the things
thatzw Csmr's, and ssducing to fair play an
this9s hat spsrtain to de sanitary condition Of
our city. The fair fame Of our city has been.as-
sailed-not desigpedly, but ~ inference and the
want Of proper Induction. Il il an admitted fact BY
al experienced medical men Of this community,
that there il less Of disease among the natives,
clmated forsigners, and negroes, than any other
city Of this Union-and more Of longevity sccord-
| ing 70 the population. in Charleston and New
Orleans than in any similar amount Of population
in Boston, or any State north Of Mason and Dixons
line. Nevertheless it has been stated BY Dr.. S.,
Of this city, and published by all northern and
western papers, that Boston il more healthy thss
New Orleans, and be cites the history Of the foul
past years and the second and third months Of thu
year 10 provo il. will take him up on both hil
propositisas and premises, and try 70 dsprovs il
In he first place he includes in his mortualy Bill
he epidemics Of this city which il not 1t oil fs
inference OF criterion, for our climate is peculiarly
united for foreigners until tcclimstsd, which,
natural to all southern climates.
But our city, including the four years selected
by Dr. s. for comparison, has had an epidemic
Of some character to prevail. In 1647 we had th'
yellow fever; in 164S, ship fever to large extent
l649, the cholera; 1850, the dengue. Who wer'
the victims? Fsreigners-that brought the dis
eases here with them, or were in state Of incuba
ton. Nevertheless, all cities are liable to the SAM
spiiemics when similarly exposed, and the SAM
ratio Of mortality il attendant, regardless Of eli
mate OF latitude-for instance, St. Louis, Cincin
matt AMI New York, havs had the Same mortuary
bills in proportion to the population, when any o
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

On Sunday, August 3D. PATRICK DILLON, sgsd 30 years,
q native Of the County Roscommon, Ireland.
~ hs friends, and those his brothers naw Edward
and Patrick Fox requested attend his funeral
place THIS AFTERNOON, O'CLOCK from his late residence
on Where street, between Bienviie and Conti.
On Sunday. August 3, Mt s O'Clock P. NJ, MATHEW
MclNERAkY, aged % years, a native of County Glare
lfeand and Tor the last fifteen resident Of this
10 Hsfunera will take place TaIS MORNING. 10 o'clock
from his late residences Mpomns His friends
invited o attend
~ Charleston 8. CO. papers please copy.
On Sunday. August 3, SARAH ANN, daughter of Johr
and Mary Cfags, aged years.
~ Hez funeral will take place THIS AFTERNOON, at
o'clock from the dsnce Of parents Bacchus
Aepomene and Thaa streets The friends and acquaintance
invited to attend without further notice.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04
Terrible Hurricane on The Mis,our;

Terrible Hurricane on the Missouri Rtvsr.-
A fearful hurricane broke forth, on the Missouri
river at GAINESVILLE its vicinity, on the night Of
wednesday 10th ult, and followed down the river
some fifty to seventy-6ve miles. The precise
width over which the devastation was spread has
not been ascertained. Trees were shiyered fences
ieveed, the roofs Of houses carried off, grain crops
destroyed, and nothing, indeed, it would appear,
could stand secure against its fury The hurricane
wherever it passed, lasted about twenty minutes.
As yet but one person is known to have been killed
while it ragged. The victim was q man named
whkerson Hewett, who happened to be crossing
the river in canoe, when the blast struck the boat
and upset it, drowning him.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

Ersc"tsom-Charles F. Douglass and Edward
Benson, two of the sailors lately convicted of mu'
tiny and the murder Of the mate of the bark Glenn
Were hung on Friday, the 23d uh at New York
James Elements, who was convicted Of the same
offence, was respited by the President until the
ga OF August, for the reason that Benson, whs
admits his own agency in the murder and mutiny
and charges Douglass with being the actual mur
derer, strongly asserts the innocence of Clements
who also declares he is not guilty. And on tn,
scanold both Of the men who suffered excupates
Clements
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

Aerolste.-The Montrose DemocTa, says: "a
meteoric stone, weighing nearly or quite two hun.
dred pounds, was found few days since, on the
farm of Mr. Newton, in Springville. 1t was deeply
imbedded in the earth, and the turf Of the ground
was still fresh under it."
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

Native American Convention. Pennsylvs-
man Native Americans held State Convention at
Harrisburg, on July %. A motion TO appoint, as
temporary chairman, John Bradford, was met by
motion to appoint Mr.. Morgan. This motion
gave rise to scene of wild confusion, which
lasted some minutes, and peace was only restored
by the appearance of the Sheriff. Some ten OF fif.
teen of the delegates expressed their dissatisfaction
with the proceedings and withdrew.
The following were selected as permanent off.
GERS Of the Convention:
James Verree, President VIM. M. Evans. p, B.
Carter. John A. Whitman, and Dr. J. A. Birkey,
vce- Presidents, A. De Kalb TAR and Joshua
Husbands, Secretaries.
The following resolutions were unanimously
adopted:
RESOLVED, That it is at the present time inexpe.
dent for the Convention TO make any nominations
for State officers in consequence of the want of
| thorough organization in many of the counties
| Throughout the State, and that our Native Ameri-
can friends are hereby earnestly entrsa,ed TO Or
ganIze their wards and townships to form Native
American associations, and exert Themselves to
put the party in proper condition to take its an.
pirate stand before the nation support Of its own
| nominees.
Resolved, That we view the publication of the
American Standard, emanating from Harrisburg,
as entirely scismatic, and that it is designed and
calculated to disorganize the Native American
party, and that we do not and cannot recopnze i,
| as the exponent of our principles.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

Rise in Lake Miehigan.-The Chicago Tri-
pune remarks, that "a gradual rise of water in
Lake Michigan has been going on through the
season. Within week or two past the rise has
been more rapid than at any other period. We are
told by those who have given attention to the SUBJ
ject, that the water in the river is from 12 to Is
inches higher than it was last season. We also
learn that there is now such depth of water on
the ST. Clair flats, that the largest vessels expert
ence no difficulty in passing them"
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

Ants-sscsssion in South Carolina.-A public
meeting has been called in Charleston, 81 c., to be
held on the evening of Tuesday last to give expires.
sion to the views Of those who are in favor of CO.
operation for the purpose of resistancs to the
aggressions Of the Federal Government but who
are opposed to the separate secession of South Caro-
lima from the Union, under existing circumstances
The list Of signers in double rows fills two columns
oil the Charleston Courier. There must be thou.
sand names.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

The churches of Cleveland, Ohio, were all alive
with " Bloomer" on Sunday, two weeks since.
Some two hundred ladies were out in the new
fashion.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

RExARKABLE CuRE.-Dr. Fryer, the celebrated Indian
Doctor. has the credit of achieving remarkable
We shown the other day slave belonging the Old
Levee Steam Cotton Press. Third Municipality, who, we
ingmed had been cured Of consumption or rather
disease Of the liver and lungs, with fever Of the bowels He
was discharged the a2d March. after being confined hs
bed or months The appeared perfectly
We also at the tme negro who had been cured
Of BY Dr. Fryer. (Editou Louisiana Stat
Republican. Lafayette. May 70. 1851. my30 dSWtf
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

Ms!sta,y Asyi~m.-Ths Military Commission
have purchased lot Of ground in the northern part
OF Washington, for Military Asylum. in lieu Of
the former, purchased from COL Thomas, Of George
town. The price paid was $4,000.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

which comparison shows fifty per cent. TO the pre-
judice Of New Orleans; but all persons know our
city at this peculiar period has floating population
of fifty to hundred thousand souls, and their NOR
tuary bills aresncluded in the above abatement.
In due Difference to all caAdor, would NOT the
Doctor have. done well to have stated The true
causes Of this srithmetical fhisis Any person
in possession Of ordinary vaccination can readily
answer the Doctor on this point. All persons &C.
qaainted with the geography and latitude Of the
United States, know that Boston is . northern and
New Orleans . southern city, the one cold and
freezing winters and springs, the other bland,
soft and mild climate. We can at once imagine
that all persons that are able, who are invalds of
consumptions, coughs, rheumaisms, and thou.
sand other ills is heir TO, will naturally seek
this bland and mild climate. When once here, e1-
hausled with those dreadful diseases, and broken
down constitutions contracted in other climates,
they fall victims Of their own infatuation and the
lily advisedness of their medical counsellors who
have exhausted all their ignorance in nostrums
upon their credulty, have recommended them to
leave comfortable homes to 60 and seek health in
foreign climes, the influences of which they know
nothing and TO get rid of signing the mortusry GER
ticates, which in due course of time is accredited
10 the discredit Of the sanitary reputation of New
Orleans, which receives able supporters in our
midst. ANXIOUS.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

mr.. Corwn, Secretary Of the Treasury, returned
70 washington on Thursday night, July "a, in
goo health, as we are grati6ed TO learn, from a
of'si visit TO bis Fssidsnce in Ohio.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

1"'ee students DroUned.-The Cincinnati Ga
.ette states that three students Of ST. Xavier Col
,ese Were drowned last week, while bathing in the
Little Miami River. Their names were Anthony
mcmann' aged II; - Klimpetre, aged abou
10; ana - Vanhorner Two of them were
residents Of Cincinnati, and one from Louisiana.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

Canadian Riot-At Toronto, on the night of July
"A, meeting was held by the anti clergy reserve
party, and mob, urged on by the High Church
party, attacked them, but were repulsed A con
ict ensusd, and it was found necessary 10 read the
riot act and call out The military, who quelled the
disorder without loss of life. Many windows were
broken, and the Mayor was severely injured by 9
blow from a stone.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

,MassGchWsetts Concentions.--Tha Wing State
Central Committee have appointed September 49,
for holding the Wing State Convention, and have
selected Springfield as the place therefor.
The Free-soilers have fixed upon September II
for their State Convention, at Worcester.
The Democratic State Convention will be hele
at the same place, August 20.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

Winchester Congressional District. Va-The
disascted democrats in this Congressional District
have nominated Mr.. Richard E. Byrd, now mem.
Der Of the Reform Convention, Is their candidate
for Congress, in opposition to Mr.. Bedinger, who
was nominated by previous convention of the
same party. Mr.. Bedinger is, like Mr.. Morse, of
this State. an ultnist and an indirect foe Of the
Compromise. Both meet with opposition from their
own party.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04
DEMOCRATIC MEETINc.

called MEETING of the Democracy Of the Fifth
the Western verands Of Tchoupoulas Julia
The meeting anized calling vonagen
Chair and appointing N N. woverton Secretary.
The Chairman explained object meeting, being
sppont delegates the Central Parish Committee but owing
incemency Of the weather deemed expedent
meeting to be held again the place and the purpose
on TUESDAY EVENING next the 5th inst, at O'Clock
On melton, il was
esolped proceedings the meeting published
True Della Delta.
Whersupon the meeting adjourned.
Il. G. vONTAGEN, Secretary.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

C,RENCH AND SPANISH LANGUAGES isa noes Sysieu-
Professor 8. de PAL0s at Duncens bsIdoss,
Custonhouss and Exchange Alisy forming i'm
s. he Of tn. shove Lsc9ssg and VII dominance
nasnuch - impaired speaking and writing Ths
ne true stsm o. nature which persons are taught 70
hdsntU and correctly In lev month"; study Once open rom
A. ". To- ". \. and from v 81. u. sus "
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

zsvs s'sd Loss Of Lits-A Ere, attended by very
mslanchoy censequences, occurred ON the 18th ul..
q Oregon, Mo, which involved considerable do
strucsion Of property and the loss Of three, oil
probably more, lives. The hotel Of Mr.. F.. N. Pol
lock tas struck BY lightning, and the fire commu.
nicasing to some spirits stored 10 certain part Of
the building, the flames soon spread in every drec-
ton. unfortunately, some seven or eight persons,
q the time the accident occurred, happened to be
in The room where the fire originated. The doors
became impasssble. by the flames, few moments
after, and those who failed to avail themselves Of
the pefiious chances offered by the open windows,
were consumed. A Mr.. Jabs was burned to death
Mr.. James D. Fortune succeeded in getting out oi
the window, but died few hours after Mr.. F. N
Pollock - also stranger named Hsdes, shared the
melancholy fate Of Mr.. Fortune. Mr.. Jas Thorp,
who was violently bruised and much harmed, is NO,
expected to survive. Mr.. Sypes, and stranger
name not known, who were also in the room, are
the only ones that are expected to recover.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

Railroad Excitement at Pinsburg. The railroad
war between Pilsburg and Philadelph progresses
with great bitterness. On the night of July 49, the
Pitisburg Common Council resolved "That com.
mlttee of ten members select of the Common
Council be appointed to confer with The President
and Directors Of the Pennsylvania Railroad Com
pany to inquire into the expsdisncy of modifying
the right granted to the said company by an or
dinance OF June Is, lS4S, to lay rails, ETC., in
Liberty street, to the river, and that the said
nittee report at the next regular meeting of the
Councils" and, also, 6 That direct railroad con.
nection between Pittsburg and Steubenville and
the Indiana Railroad, by means of the Pitlsbure
and Steubenvile Railroad, presents the best means
by which these efforts to direct trade from our city
can be sufficiently counteracied.'
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

For the Crssesat.
E,% x. q q sso cs. Was
Last night, at about three o'clock, became re-
riously distressed in my sleep. A confused and
ndsscribabie agony, fearful forboding Of deaths
spirit; and balmy sleep, "swift on his downy
pinion," took his flight, and awoke, emerging
from sea of dreams tumultuous," and suddenly
started up in my bed, with the painful, the
gloomy the dreadful conviction that some snfortu-
nate, some miserable, fellow being was breathing
his last expiring breath within my reach-in my
bedroom! Oh! my feelings were even now more
horrible than before thick, sepuchral, suffocat-
ing darkness seemed to choke my throat, and the
solemn stiffness Of the night, disturbed by the ago.
nizing groans Of death. hung like an incubus on
my waking faculties. threw of the insupporta.
bic oppression heard distinctly the groans Of some
one near me in a.dying condition, and called bu
no one answered. Then the thought occurred t.
me that the poor creature had cept into the grassy
portico in front Of my room, cast out from some o
the numerous dens Of degradation, ruin and death
that infest city, there to sleep, perchance, t.
die" got up in the dark, heard still the death
like breathing before, and occasionally violen
1880 n' iA''' WIN 'he grim monste
cisiming MS prey, approached the door, and firmly
''ns'n'so sns' upon oPehing H. should behold
Se'oo %o ,ne same wie'caea oeing my horrl'
relief to suffe ing humanity, bat to my utter aston
ishment and mitigation of my own sufferings an,
fears, when opened the door, l discovered few
steps from it, in the street. large white horse ex
pir,ng-stfuggling in the agones Of death
~
a;f.,.n. ~, -, .s. s1' '.s"'' 'nous
I 49,. ~, a. ~. ,ss.ss e' ~ 'y.Pe'n'e
IS ~. ~...s... .,- '..N 1po" 'n''nei .ns'anc
I.....s' .. 80. -. nus, un"er'"ui an
" :" "' POO, aa"o oea''' ina
ever shocked humanity. And there, too, as al
VINO saw ana contemplated the agony he suffered
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

= fssin nlsssn Chamber and Stark
$1,000 Hpon sespician Of having been parties to a
- = 0eiaaboso', (Ah.) and having assumed
1eR Hesens Names. wers, on last Saturday.
Nssses hs6use Judss Lee. on ! writ Of habees
-. - discharged. The evidence clearly
pved saAs thsy wsse entitled 70 ,he names thew
- wsss ssspec'ah'e yosng men and not the par.
- opoaht for.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04
DEMOCRATIC MEETING.

N. w. WOLvKRTOn, Secretary. aud
DEMOCRATIC MEETING.
At meeting Of the Democrats Of the Sixth Ward
epaiy, held the Liberty Hall house. Saturday evening
the "a inst for the elecns delegates represent said
Ward in the Central Democratic Parish Committee when
ton, John Lusk Esq., called the Chair and D. L. Holiday
| appointed Secretary
Ths following gentlemen unanimously elected delegates
Rufus Lusk Edward MoPheon John Barry and d L. Holiday
JOHN LUsK, President
d. L. HOLIDAY, Secretary. au4
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

Lyo,,s's Magnetic IoosUde,..

- For the destruction Of Bedbus. Ants Moths Flies Flea,
Without poison being compounded from herbs and hower
r any thai injury domestic animals
and devoid Of dsagreeAe odo 1t has been examined BY
Medical Faculty Of Russia Sweden and Northern
States from all Of whom he has ample testimony of its efficacy
~ For sale BY J. WRIGHT & CO.,
jy9 I'm 2dp Isl Chartres street.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

1lsivoaa Aosalsaf. The Cincinnati
- aeaof = m0vsmsnfi In ohip hAyipx for in
o1pes ~ construction Of continuous line Of mil
Nxy - Pnt6hasg % Cincinnati, without crossing
ias and % nsw rUuss. This object il 70 BE-
y iing : cenlany d sanissd Il Mount
- p naks rad from the Ohio and Penn.
GlvaaA Hallsoad n il southern bend, near Lon
1l4sllles q Columbua, via Mount Vernon, and q
~ = epsinsaeld. where the LIs,ls Miami
nllda1 ,srninaiss, y naks rad fien that poinr
= ~ enhssg md. The Hns vii b. about oue
- 80 - nilss long. commencing near
= - Sunning b. Mount Vernon, Della
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

Later Ne,ps from the Plains-Ind;an Dspre3a-
tions, &c-From the officers Of the steamer Dnroc,
which boat arrived at our port yesterday noon A,m
!he Missouri, we have the following interesting
items Of news from the Plains.
On the Esd inst, party Of sixteen teams Of Ore.
gon immigrants arrived at Kanesville having, from
the time Of starting TO the time of their arrival lost
BY the deptedatons Of the Indians, iiftyf five head
OF cattle. This heavy theft was committed at Bea-
YER Creek, one hundred miles from the Missouri
river; Two or three days previous to this loss,
which occurred in the early part of Juue they were
visited by body Of Soma two hundred Indians, at
sn1rt distance from whom, between five and six
Immigrant. two head Of cattle from each wagon for
alright Of way through their county, threatening
vlosntay that II they did not comply with their de-
mand they would murder their whole party. The
indiaus, 4 Il said, were Of the Pawnee and Omaha
tribes. The immigrants, in order 10 save them.
serves resorted to persuasi0n and finally succeeded
oy letting them have two cows and Two sacks of
On the 18th Of June their cattle took stampede.
winch was supposed to have been caused by the
Indians. They were confirmed in this supposition
on the morning following by visit from several
nundred Indians, who offered their services TO bring
70 the missipg cattle, on condition that they were
.'ostaIy paid The Immigrants agreed 10 this Offer,
ano ~ . day or two few Of the poorest ego re.
turned. These sufficed merely 10 enable them to
reach the river. Their children and themselves
were much ill-used by the Indians.
| The majority Of the party. 4 is said, had been
formerly from Starke county, Illinois The Indians
informed them that it was their intention 10 head
me Mormon tran andextort pay for passing through
their county They added that refusal to com.
ply with this request would be followed with the
most rigorous example on themselves and their
properly.
The advanced company of the Mormon train has
not been heard from. 1t is supposed, however, tina,
they will reach the Sioux country before they can
% overtaken by these Indians.
The last company Of Mormon immigrants were
heard from at Loupe Fork, where they were to
cross ON Tuesday week last. They are said to be
prosecuting their journey prospeIously. But one
tain remains yet TO 20 out this season. Ii is that
OF Mr.. L. +. Williams, trader TO Salt Lake, now
encamped at Fort Kearny. 1t will leave in a few
days. St. Louis Republican, July %.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04
MIGUEL HERNANDEZ. !

G~ Tnos. Coxs0LLy. IT,. b candidate fos Co.ussh,.
Of the Flint Justices Cuur. Election Novs ia6l IN
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04
To the Ladies.

To the Ladies.
u Mn. SHERMAN, thankful for past favors and
liberal patronage in her line Of buness happy
friends and the public removed No 2s Nayad
1888 st. Charles where she prepared
Ladies' and Children with the following articles to wit;
shermsn's SHOULDER BRACES and ABDOMINAL Sup
PoRTERs. DR.. Banning's BoDY BRACES. DIR. Cranes
SHOULDER and SPINAL BRACES, Mrs. Belts SUPPORT.
ERs. Dr.. Thompson's SUPPORTERS, etc. etc.
~ Hours Of attendance, in the morning from AZ till
O'Clock p. NJ; and in the evening, from ill p NJ.
" Females will be attendance assist and wait ladies'
aplS cod
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

~ JOHN J. HoPrR. the former CoustabIe Of IN nj.
Jnacss Court il candidate Al the approaching Nev,b
election. fus sane ocs, u IL urgent request Of his mr.,
Fous friends. i.le "a
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04
For AUDITOR Of PUBLIC Accouur,

~ candidate for reelection CONSTABLE Of the r,
Justice Of the Psacs Third Municipality Esetsn s The hrs =
November, 1851. I'll .nla
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04
FOR STATE TAX oOLLECTOn.

Editors Of the Crescent: Please announce THohA.
kYCKMAN, candidate for Stats Tax Collector n,
the Second Municipality. by request Of
iy9S MAuv E,,.w~.
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

~ JOHN Il. LEWIS, the present iucumb.u,
csndidnts for peSecton for the ofce of SHERIFF. a.
TIE PARISH OF ORLEANS. At tho November -.
uVos IN
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

fV A. w. SCATEs the present Collector for the Thin
Representative District, candidate for State Cslector g
| tnra eeon Mimi mali
The daily crescent. [volume] ([New Orleans, La.]) 1848-1851, 1851-08-04

FOR SuE RIFF
~ JAMES p. FRERET IL candidate for
the odScs of SHERIFF OF THE PARISH OF on.
LEANS 1t The Novsubes election. ,,an