davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18

We have no means of calculating what proper
ton of the revenue raised in each country is ex-
pended in paying the interest of the national debt
or how much is employed in paying the expenses
of the Government; how much for domestic pur-
poses, or in improvement of the country but when
we furnished with, as the tables given do fur
nish, the amount of national debt that of annual
revenue. the number of the people, and that of the
standing army, with the entire amount of revenue
raised from each person and each head of family,
we may form pretty good idea of the state of a
country, particularly when we add to these mate
rals the knowledge we possess of the internal re-
sources, and the commerce, manufactures, and po-
ston of the various countries as constituting their
ability to bear taxation. Thus, for instance, we
told by political economists that the total
annual income of Great Britain, arising from pro-
perty and employment and industry of every kind,
is g55O,0OO,0O0; the amount of taxation is, in
round numbers about ESQ, 100000, or one-eleventh
part of the income; therefore, the average amount
of taxation in Great Britain is one-eleventh of a
persons income.
Again, in France the annual amount arising from
incomes and employments of all kinds is estimated
as being g32O, 100000. The annual amount OF
taxation or of revenue raised for the purposes of
Government we have taken at .g67, 900 900, but it
is estimated as being g7O,0OO,OOO. AT the lesser
amount, however, it is more than one-ffih of the
entire income of the country. The Frenchman,
therefore, pays one-ffth of his income and earn
ings to support the Government, the Epglishman
only one-eleventh If we knew the entire annual
income of all the countries in one table, we could
make similar comparison, and we should find in
some of them much higher proportion paid for
the support of Government than is in France.
The subject is. highly suggestive, but we will not
pursue it further at present.
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18
AN ExTRAvAGANT IDEA.

Messrs EDITORS perceive that offer has been made by
Mr. GEsIS, halter of New York; to contribute 900
wards Kossuth Fund.- be increased by voluntary
trbuions to one hundred thousand dollars and well invested
for this noble exile" The character Of Kossuth
cite vast deal Of enthusiasm, and his condition great dea
Of sympathy, in this country. His exerons behalf Of his
country, and his susngs in consequence of the stand
he took in the defence Of its rights certainly ente him to
the gratitude and sympathy Of his counymen every where
But am not that be they have done ausht
and maintain the independence and liberties Of this
couniry promote its prosperity and greatness and
think the proposition of Mr. Genin, if carried into effect, will
present rather singular anomaly when il known that the
whole population Of the United States now upwards Of
twenty five millions Of souls, has ye the Of
fifteen years, contributed than hundred and ftty
thousand dollars to erect monument in honor Of the illus
rious patriot to Who, under Providence they indebted
for the inestmabLe political blessings they enjoy mention
the fact without comment worthy of in the his
tory Of our Republic To patriots n all nations all honor
DUE and every respect should be paid but to honor the pa
trots Of country should claim first consideration
and paramount daty WAsHIsGToH stands alone in the
history of the world Shall that which intended to honor
and pepeuate his memory be neglected stopped for the
want of the necessary TO complete it, and hundreds of
thousands expended minister the comforts and add
the glory Of one who has done nothing than what
his duty to do for bis country Mr. Genin proposes
to contribute thousand dollars towards "Kossuth
Fund" would respectfully ask what he has contributed to
the monument of the Father Of his Country? regret to
say that the city of New York has not been very prominent
in manesng its respect to The memory Of him compared
with whom all others are but pigmies. w.
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18

debt of Europe, divided among the inhabitants,
makes each person indebted $42.5 or R6 rs. 3D..
or each head of family about ego in debt; whilst
the standing armies of Europe makes one out OF
every twenty of the adult and able male population
soldier. There are, besides, the seamen requisite
to man 2,763 vessels Of war.
There is another very important view to be taken
Of this subject, and that is the amount which the
labor and industry Of the people and the resources OF
the countries of Europe are taxed, in consequence
of the system which has been carried on, either
through the ambition or the tyranny of their rulers,
or the turbulence and irregularities of the people.
The following brief table, comprehending some OF
the principal countries in Europe, will, in some de-
gree, present this view
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18

Of his wfe brothers, better than he and little after
another family, who Was also warned out of town.
This week had town meeting consider of the petit
ton OF ten several likely be admitted inhabitants and
the mater was left to the seeclmen.
3-he town admitted seven persons into the town
as nhsbisnts and came into METHOD viz that every
person admitted from that time should pay fl0.
" AUGUST 1.-THE town admitted twenty three persons
into the town, they paying the elO
" SErrEMBER ls.-The town admitted five persons into
the town. Among others, the thought their wisdom
to admit number Of gentlemen that stand their friends viz
Mr. Shoue, Capt. Walton, Mr. Powell, and Lewis Some
OF them Inc town admitted substantial menand Captain
Wheelrght People constantly focking down here petit
tioD for lots.
JASUARr 20, l727.-Town-meeing to day. They
passed several votes in my favor, find my d.
to clear with me every six monhs-o give three
land tor my house and lot and clear the lot
"MARcH 10, SUsDAr-I preached the sins of the
town.
MARCH 26.-Annual town meeting The cabaLkng
party carried all before them, and got s the officers Of their
party.
ArRIL 70 29-Nothing but confusion in town. The ca
6aH'ng party broke among Themselves
:" MAI This week aud last there has been mighty
STIR and unweared endeavors to operiurn the ca6aing
cre,O," &c.
But this is sufficient show that in old Parson Smith
time the world wagged very much does in these latter
daye. BIRDS-EYE.
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18

Mr. HusT after careful examination Of the laws Of ibis
and other States, is compelled admit that the Municipality
cannot be made legally, although morally responsible for tho
injury inflicted by lawess and proAgas sssembage Of
raans upon innocent and unoendng citizens The Same
time he has doubt Of the States responsibility nor does
ne question for instant the disposition that will animate the
legislative body, when redress sought through lis nerpos
hon. should that resort be forced upon the sufferers Many
authorities are cited BY Mr. HUsr corroborae Of opin
on that in the absence of statutory provision, will
lie against the Corporation for damages in Of this
and he instances States where such statutes are o force
in illustration.
On this subject he Observes the conclusion of his able
and creditsbe opinion
"Laws have long existed in England and on the Cont
nent establishing such the right indemnify admit
ting the liability Of Government, and setting the Justice of
visiting the loss that body portion Of the
more Immediately 10 blame In of the States Of the
Union similar laws have been passed for instance Pennsy
vania by othe 3ls May, ls4l rendered each coun
, town. &c liable for the loss occssioned individuals by
riots thin it's limits, and expressly gave to individuals
right ot action In such this county, town, &C.
"At present there such laws in Louisiana the
Municipality is not legally liable to indemnify the petitioners
whose property has been unawfuy destroyed But it the
duty of the State take that her delegated powers
faithfully exercised and, doubtless, the Legislature will, at
its next session. pass the necessary enacmens make pub
lie political corporations responsible for injuries done by
mob to the property Of citizen, through failure the part
OF the officers Of those corporations perform their public
duties
'In the time is respectfully submitted. that al
though not bound by technical and rigid law, the Muncpa
lily s under solemn obligation Of morality to indemnify
those Of the petitioners whose applications for relief well
founded
"The obligation due to the State from whom she derived
the power to maintain the peace and protect property with
in her limits and judiction and whom she stands pledged
to exercise that power effectually.
"It due to the character Of the Municipality itself
government of commercial community famous for the ho
justice, and sw-abiding disposition Of its citizens.
"And it is due to the unf sufferer who under the
guaranty of that high character in business in tho
Municipality relying with confidence upon the power and
good faith Of its to protect them xpayers
and residents in the enjoyment OF their rights Of person and
property"
Mr.. RArDELL HUNT has acquitted himself every
acquainted with his character and legal standing might
peel, and every good citizen desires.
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18
VARIATIONS FROM CLIMATE IN ORGANIC LIFE.


Organic life characteristics under nAu-
The domestic animals Of Europe not found in
this country discovery. They escaped from the Span
iard and wild for centuries In consequences, and
striking characteristics have been acquired in accommodation
the novel circumstances The wild hog srkingy
bes the wild boar Of Europe The hog Of the mountains
Paasmus resembles the wild boar Of France Inst. ad of
brse which the stock has from which he spang, he has
thick fur often crisp, and sometimes undercoat Of WOOL
Changes in color have taken place. and the anatomical
ture has altered M s..Ieas
The OK has undergone similar changes some in South
America, called pelones, having clothing of fine fur
others with naked skim like the Mexican or Guinea dog
In Columbia the practice of milking given up and the
of milk confined to the period Of sucking the calf
The wild dog Of the pampss does not bark like the domes
tic dog, but howls like wolf The wild has lost the
music Of the caerwaung The wild horse OF
the higher plains Of South America covered with long shsg
gy fur Of uniform chestnut color The sheep of the central
Cordllsras Produces thick, matted wooIy ece, which
breaks off in tufts and re-appea The goat has lost
her large teas and produces two three KIDS annually
Similar changes occur gainaceous fows hump
less have sprung up wanting the caude veeos Cats
are frequent White river without tails
The tailed sheep of TsraIy lose their mass OF rat on
removal 10 Siberia The African sheep has become like
goat, covered with hair The Walachan sheep different
still The wild horses of Siberia have anatomical differences
from tame ores II question among naurass whether
the do0 and wolf belong the species, though is
erred to one cs Bot between these the differences
immense from the gigantic ST Bernard and the Newound
and 10 the little lap dog in ady's The cow, the do
ecated fowls and pigeon have put infinite varieties of
sine. color and character. Scientific american.
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18

An aay took place near Galan, Tennessee, on the 7th
between Messrs McELRATH and RoBr p PErroS, brother
Of the Hon. BALr PxrroS. Pey,on struck McElrath with
caoe when the latter stabbed Peytou to the heart causing
instant DEATH McElralh las been arrested
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18

The London Morning Herald says that Miss HowARD one
of he most benevolent Of Ensand daughters hiss invested
900 in tie hands Of certain he Earl Of Fngsl
Capt Sir H. Lceke, and Mr. Macknnou, NJ p for the
purpose of building twenty houses at Puner Harrow,
the grsuous residences for widows Of Of the navy and
army, and endowins each house with ESQ year, &c.
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18

ExrESsIvE FoResRI OF LAND WARRANTs.-Tbe Gin
cnna papers Of the 9th mention the there of
calling himself John B. anderson alias James Ln charg-
ed with selling Wm b. Hale nine forged and
tee certificates Of the United States, purporng be land
warrants Nos T2475, 1885, 10 $40, 1885, 2,49s,
1855, 72,63, "a, 523, 522 For these counteres
Anderson asked $3.50 apiece, but finally accepted Sl45
Mr. Hale upon finding himself deauded, followed and
rested Anderson, and recovered bis money Upon the
animation Of Anderson, Dr. Clinton of Cincinnati testified
he had known the defendant six or seven years Wash
ngon be knew him in the best circles Of society," where
he recognized honorable man he clerk in
the Pension Office. His name is Wm B. Allison, and has
been general pension sgent Anderson held to bail in
the Of $4,000.
The Cincinnati Gazette Of the 9Th says The prisoners
recent connexion with the Pension Department warrants the
conclusion that these blank warrants about hundred 10
NUMBER found upon his person. are genuine having been
extracted from that bureau from facilities which bis trust af
foded him end that persons trading in warrants would do
well to thoroughly investigate their genuineness before pur
chase other sales not yet revealed may have been made
from this lott Allison has been sent TO the Columbus prison.
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18

Countries. Revenue Proportion Proporti'n paid
raised per head. by each family.
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18
State or nation

State or nation Debt, Men in y 3 Gums Popula-
-. in Prussian army. SEl ton
dollars. S.5
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18

in aodiAon TO these, the Danuban Principaties,
with population of l, ,75O, 900, maintain an army
pf6,s0O men, and pay an annual tribute of 3OOO, 900
piastres to Turkey. Servia, with a population of
100000, maintains an army of 1900, and pays
IN annual tribute Of 100000 piastres to Turkey.
The debts of the various nations are expressed in
russian dollars, whose current value is 3s. Eng
lsh According to the above table, the national
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18

permanent IuncuOnarles Oh
the Government. I'll. Annual Rep. 1871
Again 'The Municipality being clothed with the power
to do all that its police and good order require and having
failed through the neglect and default Of its officers to pro-
tect the property Of the petitioners when BY reasonable
exercise Of its powers the property could have been protected
justice requires that the Municipality should indemnify the
petitioners The burden should be specially borne by those
who have been especially blame. by any act avowedy
official, the municipal authorities had expressly directed the
destruction Of the property of the petitioners would
deny that the petitioners would hsve clear claim to ndem
nifty from the Municipality ITSELF which ought be enforced
s there any difference between the supposed and that
which occurred They are in principle IDENTICAL and turn
upon the abuse Of corporate powers the violation of corporate
dutes the breach Of corporate rights The corporate powers
abundany sufficient prevent the losses and ouirages
complained of the corporate duties of the people of the Mu
Dicpay commanded them to those outages; and
the outages manifest violation of the corporate rights
of the petitioners.
n accepting the charter under which il acts the Mani-
cpaty assumed alike towards the State from which it
ceived that charter and towards every citizen within its
corporate limits the protection OF private property Enjoy
ing the benefits should conentedy bear the burdens Of its
corporation Qui senti commodu, sentiue de bet ct
The Municipality should pay the penalty Of its default
The tzen then whose property is destroyed through the
open and admitted failure Of the chief officers Of the Munich
pal Government prevent its destruction, has right say
to the Municipality, 'Confdns in your faith and power,
invested my capital in property within the limits Of u
risdcton Through the negligence bad faith, pusllani
nifty of your officers my property has been destroyed 1t
would have been sufficient for it's protection the pre-
and authority Of the Mayor Recorder, any Alder
man. supported by small police force, would certainly
have maintained the public peace safe and nvoate II
owing the supneness and delinquency Of your officers
not being the ALERT present and acting, when popular
outbreak about to take place in open day. within Of
the Municipal Hall to their criminal apathy and miscon
Duct in being present the occasion and using their
thority, that my property has been destroyed.
payer, and faithfully discharge all my duties the Munc
paliy Indemnify for the loss have sustained at your
hands demand indemnity in the Of equity and good
faith"
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18

The reader who not familiar with Sterling currency
will be able to reduce the stated in that currency
the amount in dollars, by bearing in mind that gold
sovereign represents the Of pound sterling. The
current value Of the soveregn, most of readers
know, is four dollars and eghty-six cents.
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-10-18

sAed about thirty years contains good deal Of
ous and interesting information from olden time said
that Portland had had slow growth Of two centuries There
have been settlements around Casco Bay for than
centuries The first Of the town here Falmouth
and included what Portland, Westbrook, Cape Eli
zabeh and Falmouth. The settlements Casco Bay are
noticed in Gov Hutchnsons History Of Massachusetts
early l645. In 643 George Ceaves agent for Sir
Alexander Rgby, decided Michael Mitten thou
sand Of land the peninsula which constitutes
Portland But this part Of the country settled very slowly,
and several times nearly depopua'ed by the depedaions
Of the Indians Parson Smiths Of the place. he
it at the present day. Although he preached here
considerable part Of the year 1885, he did settle perma
nenty till the following year. AT the close of bis journal for
this year he adds general remarks about the place and
the people, as follows:
" When first came down here, which was the 23d of
June there about y six families, such as they were
most Of them very poor by Of the Indians that kept
the people from their farms, and confined them to gasons;
and that soldiers and that had found wives on the
place, and animals and have been crediby in
formed that the they engaged them were
bad themselves, having desp Of building up the town
with any that and offered. But the war coming on,
purged the place many Of them and n their room came
with bis family and about the time J. Sawyer with
bis both from Cape Ann, both very good sort of men,
excepted. >eaa8.
"Ths spring 726) came into one Savage and also
Smson and his family, whom the seectmen Immediately
warned Of town. they did several others Just about the
making peace. This there from Cape Ann
one Davis pretty troublesome spark, with bis family also
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-10-13
1EEDiCAL DEPARTMENT OF HAMP-
IW DEN. SYDNEY COLLEGE, RICH

h EDlCAlS DEfhRl MEM VT ilhi'il
wi DEN, SYDNEY COLLEGE, RICH
MOND, VA.-The thirteenth Annual Course OF
Lectures will commence on Monday, the l4th or
October, 1850, and continue unul the lst OF the
ensuing March. The commencement Tor conierrihg
degrees will be hed about the middle OF March
T. L. BoHANsAN, M. d., Prof OF obstetrics
and Diseases of Women and Children.
L. w. CHAMBERLAYNE, M. d., Frof. oil Mate
ria Medica and Therapeutics.
s MAuriN, M d.. Prof of Chemistry and
CnAs. BELL GiBsos, M d., Prof of Surgery
and Surgical Anatomy.
DAVID III. TucKER, M. d. froi. OF iheoiy anu
Practice of Medicine.
snruun p. PEr,coLAs, M. d., Demonstration
of Anatomy. H.. ,rosa
cuted with the most ample facilities, ana at very
Clr;6al T lectures are regularly given at the Goi-
,.ga Inrmarv and Richmond Almshouse: me
infrmary, under the same rooi win Inc ounes
and subject to the entire control Oh tue aoui'y, 10
., Iii ,;Soss we'll filled with medical and surgical
cssss and furnishes peculiar facilities tor clinical
;nstruction Many surgical operations are per
formed in presence of the class; ana the stu"ei'a
beno freely admitted to the wards, EN- oy' u'uei
the Guidance of the Professors, unusual oPpoitu-
mites for becoming familiar WIN the syh'P''''''
diagnosis, and treatment oil ulsease' ;, e.ao.,
Observation-Disclosures fee, 50. Professors
fees. slO5, Demonstration fee, $40. Uraauapoii
fee, $25. a.: e,J ,,bts. and
servants, attendance, is usually So to S3s per
week. s,rsr informa-
The catalogue, &C., containing ~ ,olie I'd
ton concerning the institutions WIN DC ~. Ill
to those applying for it, or specific inquiries WIN
be ans~efee 0y '''' S. MAUPIN, NJ. D.,
a., o Dean of the Faculty.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-10-13
NEW PROSPECTUS
OF THE
SCIEN TIFIC AM ERICA


To Mechanics, Muentors, and Manufacturers
TINE Publishers Of the Scientific american re-
| spectfully give notice that the SIXTH VOLUME
of this valuable journal, CONNIE ieed on the 2lst
of September, offering valuable opportunity for
all to subscribe who take interest in the pro-
gress and Development of the Mechanics Arts
and Manufactures of our country. The charac-
ter of the Scientific american is too well known
throughout the country to require detailed ac-
count of the various subjects discussed through its
columns.
Ii enjoys a more extensive and influential cir
culation than any other journal of its class in
America.
1t will be published weekly, as heretofore, in
Quarto Form, on fine paper, atfording, at the end
of the year, an ILLUSTRATED ENCYCLO-
PEDL9, of over FOUR HUNDRED PAGES,
ORIGINAL E.NGR.8VLN'GS, described'by letters
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TIFTC and ME CHANICa IMPROVE-
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ING, .MaNUFA C T UR ING in its various
branches, .4RCHI1ECTURE,. MAS ONRY, BOT.
9.NY,-in short, it embraces the entire raLs,e OF
the Arts and Sciences.
1t also possesses an original feature not found in
any other weekly journal in the country, viz, an
Official List of P.4T'E.N'T Claims, prepared ex
pressly for it's columns at the Patent Office thus
constituting it the AMERICAN REPERTORf
OF INVENTIONS"
TrRMs-s2 a-year I; 81 for six months.
All letters must be post paid and directed TO
MUM g. CO.,
Publishers Of the Scientific American,
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