davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22
From the La.wenceuilis Is. CO. Herald.
Important to Plantcrs-A New and Choice
Variety of Cotton.

We had the pleasure of examining few days
since, new and most choice variety of the great
Southern staple; and as nothing can be Of more
importance TO planters, or more conducive to
their interest and welfare, than superior seed,
we are confident that we will be doing our read
era positive service by thus calling their atten-
ticn to the SILK COTTON grown by Col. P. L. Cal.
houn, Of this district.
The original seed of this new variety Of cot
ton, was sent from South America to gentleman
of Augusta, who presented some of them to a
brother of Col. Calhoun in Abbeyille, from whom
the colonel obtained his supply. The advantages
possessed by the silk cotton over the Petit Gulf
and the other common varieties, are so apparent
and nun erous, that the silk cotton, we believe,
will only have to become known to entirely sup,
plant all the other kinds now cultivated in this
country.
Its color is remarkably brilliant and in addi-
ton to long and unusually fine fibre, it yields
remendously--bolling as freely as any other
variety. One hundred of its bolls will weigh
fhirfy ounces, whilst one hundred bolls of the
Petit Gulf will only average from fourteen to
sixteen ounces. When, too, in addition to this
fact. it is remembered that it has a very small
number of seeds, and that one hundred pounds
of silk cotton in the seed will yield forty-two
POUNDS OF INT, ltS superiority aS W quantity pei
acre will be readily admitted. Another quality
does the silk cotton possess, which will not de-
tract in the least from its merritt doesnot re
quire very rich land to bring good crop, and i
is besides an early cotton.
| In IS4S, COL Calhoun informs us, that h.
planted an acre Of old field, MANFRED light in the
! drill with the silk cotton seed-the growth Of
the acre was not ginned until the middle of Jan
uary, and then yielded four hund ed and two
pounds of superior cotton; and he also says
that in either Hamburg or Columbia, the buyers
will always willingly give Ia of a cent more
per pound for the Silk cotton, than for any Other
kind that is brought to their markets.
Desiring that the benefit o. raising superior
cotton may be within the reach Of all farmers
Col Calhoun desires us to inform those who
wish to improve their crops, that, having small
surplus on hand, he will sell the seed of tn,
silk cotton at two dollars per bushel--his pos
Office is Marengo, Laurens District, and W,
i think that those who make the experiment vii
find that the colonel, whose character as first
rate practical and scientific farmer is so wei
known has not over-rated the superiority of thi
new variety of the staple which rules the world
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22
Great Good Effects Of Cuano.

RoANoAKE COUNTY, Va, Aug. 80, 1851.
TO The Editors Of The Wig;
GENTLEMEN Having made fair trial Of
guano, on both wheat and tobacco, under the
management of one of the most experienced
and successful cultivators of the soil of Vir.
GINA, give the results, mainly for the benefit
of those who have not yet become belierers in
the great good of this most valuable manure is
capable of producing.
On the land seeded with wheat last fall, The
increased yield is estimated from ten to twelve
bushels per acre, whilst on the tobacco now
growing, on second years new ground, and
which produced a pretty good crop last year,
without guano, now promises, ,oith The use Of
guano, to exceed last years crop more than one
hundred per cents and such is the confidence OF
the manager alluded to in guano, that shall use
il on both oats and corn next year, as well as on
wheat and tobacco A VIRGINIA FARMER.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

kfew ~ C0to@tot Dfsn@sS@ On" ~""'"'~e ~'T~~"
We offered few remarks. in late number
| upon the gsrbled statistics OF sugar production
published by the Economist newspaper, a1d
commented on by the forming Journal W.
have since had an opportunity Of more closely
examining tho figures given by our free trade
contemporary. and certainly anything more un.
warrantabe than the deductions he has conlrIved
to draw from them, we have never yet Witnessed
In order that our readers may better comprehend
the observations we propose 10 make upon tho
subject we publish in another column 80 much
of the Economists article as is necessary to
elucdate them.
The object of the free-trade writer is TO show
the superiority of free labor over that Of the
slave, by contrasting the relative process in su-
gar production by the agency of the one and the
other, for the last twenty-five years In order
to arrive at this he gives tabular return OF the
production Of sugar by free and slave labor for
the wears 1928 and 1850 whereby he shows that,
whilst free labor sugar has increased FROM $685.
300 tons to 100000 tons, slave labor sugar has
increased only from 1000 to SOL 900 toms
and hence no proposes to arrive at the follow
ing remarkable facts" most of which, he truly
SAYS, are directly opposed 10 the popular notions
on the subject:
|. The total production of sugar in the
world has increased in twenty-five years, from
All 300 tons to no less than l,25l000 tons.
2. The produ ton of sugar in the British
possessions has increased during that period, IN
spite of emancipation and free trade, from 1885,
800 tons to 100000 tons.
8. The production of foreign Sugar by free
labor and ,oifhout any protection tohdteDer, has
increased from $4,000 tons in 1928, to no less
than 100000 tons in 1850.
4. While in 1923 only $4,000 tons out OF
AL 900 tons of sugar were produced by free la
bor leaving 49, 300 tons as the produce OF slave
labor; in 1850, no less than 100000 tons were
produced by free labor out of 1881 900 tons,
leaving only 55l, 900 tons as the produce of
slave labor.
s. Thus, while in 1928, five per cent Of the
entire produce of the world consisted of free
labor sugar, and IS per cent of slave labor; in
1850, fifty-sx per cent was OF free labor, and
forty four per cent of slave labor.
Now, in order to enable us to test the value
of these remarkable facts" we must dissect
the figures upon which they profess to be
founded. And first, it will be perceived that in
giving the amount of sugar production in 1928,
the Economist distinguishes the British posses
sions thus -
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22
To the Democratic State Rights Party OF Mis-
slssippi.

The result of the recent election for the con.
vent.on, however brought about, must be re-
garded at least for the present, as decisive of
the position of the State on the great issues in
volved
The majority have declared that they are con-
tent with the late aggressive measures of Con-
gress, and opposed to any remedial action by
the State.
Although this determination of the people is
at variance with my fixed opinion of the true
policy OF the State, heretofore expressed and still
conscientiously entertained, yet, AS State rights
mau and democrat, bow in respectful sub
mission TO the apparent will of the people.
1t is true the State has not yet spoken authori-
tativey; even the acts of the convention will
not be binding until they shall have been ratified
| by vote OF the people; bat, by the election of
non-resisters 10 the convention, minority of the
people nave declared against the course Of poll
CIV ~ he slavery questions which deemed it
nv duty to pursue while governor. and against
the principles upon which was nominated, and
upon which alone | had consented to run as a
candidate. might perhaps be elected notwith-
standing this demonstration Of public sentiment
in the election for the convention; but as have
been mainly instrumental in seeking the express
/ slon of the will OF the people through conven-
ton, ought, in my political actien, to abide by
| it.
Therefore, upon full consideration of all the
ircumstances---respect for the apparent decision
of the people, duty to the noble and patriotic
party who are struggling to maintain the rights
of the South against Northern aggression, and
to preserve our institutions from the fatal effects
of consolidating all power in the federal govern
ment, and sense of selfrespect, which inclines
me not to seek public station in which my
opinions upon vital questions are not sustained
by majority of my eonstituents-all concur in
inducing me to the opinion that my duty re
auires me to retire from the position which
occupy az the Democratic State rights candidate
for governor With emotions Of the deepest
gratitude to the patriotic party by which was
nominated for the evidences of their unfalterng
confidence, both in the nomination and in the
warm and hearty reception with which | have
been met everywhere 10 the canvass, tende
my resignation of the high and honorable pos
of their chief standard -bearer in the pending
canvass, pledging myself to them and to tn
country that will, to the last, serve the grea
cause Of State rights as faithfully in the rank
have endeavored to do In high position.
} J. A. QUITMAN.
MONMOUTH, Sept 6, 1851.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

To His ErceHencyfh Gorernor Of Maryland:
Sin Your letter Of the 18th instant TO the
President has been received In reply, am in
structed to say that on Saturday last official re.
ports of the outrage referred TO by your excel
lency were received from the commissioner OF
the United States in Philadelphia, and the dis
trict attorney for the eastern district of Penn
sylvania.
After careful consideration Of the subject
orders were despatched by the President TO the
proper officers OF the United States in Pennsyl-
vania, requiring them TO proceed immediately to
arrest all persons criminaly CONCERNED In the
tr. nsaction.
The district attorney was especially instructed
to ascertain whether the facts would make out
the crime of treason against the United States
and if so, TO take prompt measures TO secure all
concerned, for trial for that offence. slf
] am instructed to assure your eycellency that
the President regards this violation Of the rights
Of the pesceiul citizens of Maryland with deep
adherence, and that he will not fnil TO exert
nil his constitutional powers TO bring the Of
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

Making al children in 81 years--and s'r
children born in the space Of eighteen months.
The four children at a birth, were apparently
healthy and well.fonmed. One died aged about
4 weeks--another II months, the third little
over year, and the 4th fine boy, is siil living
The three died with tho dysentery. There are
now twelve out of the whole number living,
seven boys and five girls.
We saw Mrs. Dress, some days ago, at our
Office She appeared in sound heaith, and
seemed 70 have as many hopes, as most tolks
Of living TO good old age, She has certainly
done her share towards fulfilling the Divine IN.
junction 70 multiply and replenish the earth.
The case is remarkable one, such na our
knowledge Of the history of the world furnishes
no parallel to, and such as we imagine VIII be
few and far between in future generations
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

We say-and the South may act at it's plea
sure as TO believing the assurance--that the
whole North is essentially, necessarily hostile TO
the requirements of the Fugitive-slave law.
They 20 directly against the grain. Few of'us
have any special love for negroes, but no man
born and reared in a free State can have any
thing TO do with the recapture of fugitive
from slavery without feeling debased and dis
pracsa blythe act. The very deputy marshals
feel that they are engaged in dirty business
when in pursuit of fugitive slave. II this
sort OF work did not pay better than honest,
bona fde work, nobody wesld be found TO
do it,
we take the above beautiful moroccan from
the New York Tribune. II proves two things
FIRST. that the North will never become recon.
c,d To slsvery---thnt it will never carry out the
laws in regard Ia il in good faith and second
that these scurvy, hypocritical knsves will,--for
base bire,--for "pay"--be induced To descend tC
any @debasedn and "disgraceful" employment
under heaven, that will not inevitably bring thei
necks 10 the halter.
What an acknowledgment To carry out th'
Fugitive-sl2ye net is essentially" necessarily
offensive to the whole mass Of the Northern
peopIe--going directly against their grain,
and maintaining law which they consider anc
pronounce TO be In every respect exe'rable nns
infamous yet, Notwithstanding all this, for
~pay," they will do ~ And, Horace Greele,
who glories in the svowaI Of such "sinQ sing
morality, processes to be an honest mani
Montgomery Atlas.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

In stating that of 1850, however he very con-
yenienty Classics the whole under one head,
as British possessions" and gives 100000 tons
as the aggregate of their sugar production
Now, as we all know that British India was not
a slave country in 1928, it follows as neces-
sary conseQue' ce that in order to test the ree
tive progress Of free and slave labor, the same
distinction should have been made in $50 rs
was made in 1928. That, however, would not
have answered the purpose OF the Economist,
since the true figures would have shown that,
whilst the emancipated West Indian Colonies
have largely decreased their production, British
India and Mauritius, cultivated by hordes OF alb
ject coolies at nfnitesima wages, have more
than quadrupled theirs within the same period
In India, the production which was only 1880
| tons in 1923, had increased in ten years to 20,
357 tons, and Nautilus had in the same period
increased her exports from $4,000 to 30,935
tons. The total increase which the Economist
shows in the production of the whole British
possessions between 1928 and 1850, is only a.
900 TONS which is accounted for by the increase
in British India alone, and that only up to 1899,
since which period there has been still further
considerable increase in the production, both of
| India and of Mauritius. But what, during the
same period has been the fate of the emanclpa-
ted colonies! Met Mr. Economist Wilson con-
suit the returns which lie on his office table, and
he will be at no loss to discover the real progress
of freed and slave abor--we mean, of course,
the labor of the emancipated negro, as compared
with that of the foreign slave. Jamaica alone
has fallen from an export of l0l 900 hogsheads or
80 500 tons in 1928 to $4,000 in 1850, exhibiting
in her single casea decrease OF no less than AZ 800
tons The trifling increase, therefore, of24,000
tons which has taken place in the whole sugar
production of the British possessions within the
last twenty-five years, has not been an increase
in spite of emancipation and free trade" as the
Economist states, but an increase irrespective Of
either the one or the other. The West Indies
have decreased their production through bot
causes whilst British India, whose serfs are al
much serfs now as they were in 1928, has in
creased hers six fold without the remotest con
nection whatever with the emancipation act o.
its consequences.
i But we are told next that foreign free labo
sugar has increased during the same period frou
$4,000 tons to no less than 100000 tons, ant
this pithom anyproieciion whateper. Let us SEE
how true this is The foreign free labo
sugar produced in 1923 is given by the Econo
uisi as follows-and we must presume tn
! figures to be correct, as we have no means o
checking them -
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

SHE CAr'T BE BsAT--A Pennsylvania pa
per publishes the following astonishing record;
We publish the following, giving a history of
the births in family, residing in West Branch
Valley, in this county We believe it has not
parallel on record, and will, unquestionsbly,
attract the attention of the medical faculty The
husband, Michael Dress, died last year, in the
10th year of his age, having gone blind. The
mother, Kate Dress, is quite burom looking
woman, in the seth year of her age, and now
supports her family as well as she can, by her
own exertions, washing and sewing. They we're
married in January, 1929, and had the following
children:
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

gay- We publish to-day the letter OF ren
QuITmAs, Withdrawing from the gubernatona
contest of Mississippi; and we observe the tele.
graph reports that Gen. JEFFERsoS DAVIS will
be the candidate. The Mississippian OF the
l2.h inst, says the Union party majority is about
ok thousand, and the aggregate vote twelve
thousand less than the last State election
We see nothing very discouraging in this re-
suit. 1t Was much worse in Georgia one year
ago, and now the Union party ID struggling In
that State for life.
Oar principles are true, and will prevail, if the
people are capable of preserving their liberty.
But we have not had immediate success The
Southern party has, however, an amount of char
acter, talent, and energy, that may command an
ultimate triumph
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

Increase in % years 4l7,00O
What will the Economist say to this view OF
the question, which is not REPUTABLE, save by a
Justification Of his own figures? No doubt free
labor sugar has increased, aud will increase; but
it can only be with reference to description OF
produce which has no connection with tropical
agriculture. Give US a Aborious and numerous
peasantry, such AS that which produces sugar
from the beet in Europe, or from the maple in
the United States; or people us with Chine Q
and aforementioned Coolies, such AS those who
produce the exports of India, Java, and the Maui
ritus, and we may have some chance even
against ne slave trader; hut If we are to be
left, az we are at present, without population,
and still forced into competition with the for
eign stakeholder, another twenty years, or one
third of that term, will zee Jamaica, at any rate
blotted out of the table of production altogether.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

And we hope when the Macon convention meets,
a body of facts will be presented, on which ma
teral improvements ON the present course Of
trade can be safely made.
Steam propelleu arc rapidly taking the place
of cansass--aud give regularity aud speed to
transit And as the South gives to the trade OF
the world larger amount of commodities than
any other section Of equal population, and is
richer than any other, she has quite enough rea-
son to examine the whole subject vigorously.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22
Total


IL il perhaps sufficient TO remark, with re-
ference TO these comparative table,, that of this
large increase, upwards Of one half or 100000
tons, is due to beet root and nipple sugar and
10000 tons 10 the emancipation of the French
colonies within the Last three years. AS regards
the former descriptions Of sugar, and expressly
that manufactured from beet root they cannot
fairly enter into the present enquiry. IL Europe
shall choose to devote her soil to the manuiac
ture OF hou O. made produce, we scarcely know
limit TO its production. The Economist may
pride itsalf on an inareass Of free labor sugar
from such n source, but the Economist must
not FORGET that every additional ton Of beet root
sugar acts in direct antagonism TO colonial free
labor sugar and aids foreign slave labor
produce in breaking down the colonies Of
Great Britain. But our principal objection to
the Economists third fact, is palpabe nniruth.
II tells us that this large increase OF foreign free
labor sugar has taken place without any pro-
lection whatever" What Does he mean to
tell US that the United States do not protect
their maple sugar, or France that produce which
she manufactures from her fields Of beet root
Does he mean to say that the produce of the
French colonies have not also been protected by
the fiscal lave of the French nation, and that of
lava by the policy Of Hollands What does
the Econosaia mean, by saying that these coun-
tries have thus progressed without any pro-
lection whatever" They have been always
protected, and are protected still. The United
States levy 30 per cent od Dniorsm upon every
grain of sugar. not their own manufacture,
which they i.sport and yet the Economist tells
ms coolly that their maple sugar is unprotected.
Our space will not permit US to deal at length
with each Of our contemporary's facts" We
mpst hasten to a conclusion. Whilst the Econo-
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

The Newburyport Herald claims for that
town the title of the City churches" because
with about 1000 inhabitants !; has ] s churches
and Newport, X l., deputies this claim, having
eighteen churches and population OF 1858
A wild sct of fellows these Newburyport and
Newport people must be. Ia Wilmington the
population il about the same a. Newport. and
we do not require half ~ many churches to
keep us in order Wilmington Commercial
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

LAND IMPROVED BY SHADE--Our readers
will find an interesting and important article on
this subject on our first page. If Its views are
correct, and they are supported by reason and
experience, some cheap and expeditions plan
may. yet be adopted TO reclaim our worn out
lands. Let our farmers commence experiments
VIII they not tryi Let an acre or two be
covered two or three inches with straw or leaves,
for year. Let the brush Of the new grounds,
instead of being burned, be spread thickly on
the old lands, and suffered to remain until it
rots. Let peas be sown broadcast in the spring
with Just enough manure to make the vines
cover the earth thckly, and soon as they begin
to shed their leaves, let them be covered with
pine brush, which can be got in abundance on
every farm. Important results may follow.
We have learned from reliable source, that a
farmer IN Virginia made the following expert
ment. He cleared an old field which had grown
up in pines. The pie Of ground was nil over
Of equal strength, and VIVA planted in corn.
He cultivated one half in the ordinary way and
plougbed the other bali once, wed it, aud
covered It two or three inches with leaves from
the woods and it produced twice as much Us
the former. Here the shading principle was
applied with marked success,
Ifexpermeuts are made let them be thorough
lv and properly executed. For the want Of
faithful execu ion, many excellent theories are
brought into disrepute Remember whatever
is worth doing. II worth doing we'll
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

The hope expressed by Commodore Stock
ton 90 the ath Of July. at Elzabethtown, N. j +,
that, In case Of a dissolution of the Union. New
Jersey would ally herself with the Soutbsr,
States, has met with cordial response from
several of the Democratic press of Ne Jersey.
tie Knows well, that If the Northern States
will not adhere to the terms of the resent
COMPACT with the other States, they cannot be
trusted in any future compact.--N. j. Pspsr.r
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

mist ss1ows that the colonies. which In 1893 were
cultivated by slaves, and in 1850 by emancipsted
negroes, bad INCREASED their Psodueiien oHlv from
286DDO IONS u 100000 tons, or about onb-
sixth, other colonies and countries that were
them and s,l are, cultivated BY slaves, are proved
to have jumped. within the same penod, from
$4,000 tons to 100000 tons, or nearly 400 per
cent. The figures are the Economists own:
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

fY- The celebrated Monplaiser French Bal
let Troupe makes its debut tonight, at the Ma.
tional.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-22

Tenders 70 nassitsd puhtAhment and TO prevent
similar outrsges In future.
| / su,, sir, respectfully, your ob't sers't
| w. 8. DERRICK Acting Secretary.