The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-07-03

prints. announcer person, New Yorker by Dlrtn,
named Charles Brace, was also seized and accused
of being spy sent by Kossuth to Grosswardin, TO
excite the country to nsurrection. They were both
to be judged by court martial.
NJ de Bearn has Just been named attache of the
embassy of France to the United States, at Wash
ington. Is. H. r.
The Census OF Great Britain.
THE INCREASE OF POPULATION IN ENGLAND, SCOT
LAND, AND WALES - PROBABLE DECREASE IN
| IRELAND.
From the Liverpool Mercury, June 2O.l
Although the census was taken so recently as
the 3l,t OF March last, the Registrar-general has
promptly gratifed public curiosity by issuing q
gross return Of the population Of England and
| Wales Of Scotland, Of the islands in the British
seas, and Of London. We subjoin the result 4, as
compared with lS4l, in brief and Ineligible
| form =
POPULATION OF ENGLAND AND WALES.
March 81, 1851. ... l1,9O5,S3l
June 7, 1871. ...... l5,9ll,757
| Making allowance, therefore, for the anticipation
| by two months OF the expiration of the decade,
the population of England and Wales may BIO SAID
to have increased during the last ten years by at
| least two millions of souls.
POPULATION OF SCOTLAND.
IN In i ,s9i' ''''''..''''' 55' Sao'
| In 1911 .............. z,olu,Ioi
Increase ..... $50, or LOS per cent.
The rate of increase in Scotland has, therefore,
| been less by nearly third than in the more
| southern portion OF the lsianu
| POPULATION OF THE ISLANDS IN THE BRITISH SEAS.
In 1881. .............. 1880
| In 1911 .............. IZ4,ViO
| Increase ......... 1886 or Ii. So per cent
In these small islands, therefore, the rate of in
crease has been nearly third greater than in
England.
POPULATION OF GREAT BRITAIN
| March 81, 1851. .... 2O,9I9,53I
June Z, lo4l ...... lS,oo3,9ol
Increase ....... 2,263,5 $50, or IL. 10 per cent
This return shows that within the last ten years
the people of this island have multiplied at a
slower rate than in any previous decennlal period
of the present century. In the ten years ending in
1911, the incsease per cent was loil from 1911 to
1921, it was H. IL; from 1921 to 1881, it was
ii 81; from 1881 to 1911, it was H. Is; and
the last period shows a rate Of emily l2.l0.
With the exception, therefore, of the third decen-
NAL period, which showed slight increase over its
! imme date predecessor, there has been, from ths
CONNIE ncement Of the prcgent century, constant
tendency towards lower rate of multiplication in
| Great Britain.
! The population of London still continues to
! cumulate and augment with speed which promises
to make that vast city, in short time quite equal
in magnitude to the grandest Of the half fabulous
cities Of antiquity.
POPULATION OF LONDON.
In March, 1851 ...... .2,363,l4l
In ISL. ,9iS,db9
Increase .... 4l4,772, or Il .33 per cent.
If nothing should occur to arrest or retard this
prodigious growth of the capital of England, i,
may calculate on having, at the close OF this CEN
tury, a population of between five and six millions
of people 1t is to be hoped however, for the sake
of the myriads Of human beings packed within its
walls, that il will not continue to expand at rate
which foreshadows the possibility Of goody ma
tion being cougregated upon few square miles Of
land.
Quickly, however, as the population Of London
ncreases that of Liverpool has, during the last ten
years, augmented more than twice as rapidly AS
yet have not the official return for this borough;
but the return which has been published in the To-
cal papers is no doubt close approximation to the
truth and, it will be interesting at the present
moment, We repeat IT,
POPULATION OF LIVERPOOL.
In 1851 3Sf, 253
In 1871 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 2jO,ilo
Increase NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. l23,SH
This increase ofncarly 80 per cent If We were
to include the population on the Cheshire side of
the Mersey, from New Brighton up to the Rock
Ferry (ali of which must be considered as an Off
shoot suburb Of LiverpooD, and If We were TO
include the Inhabitants Of all the adjacent town
ships which are in a great degree dependent upon
this port, it would doubt be found that there
nearly half a million Of people now resident in Lii
verpool and its immediate vicinity Mr.. Eyre Evans
was considered bold prophet when he some years
ago predicted in the town council that within halt
century there would be million of people collected
round The estuary of the Mersey. Ii the present
rate ofprogrcssion be maintained, the prophecy will
be fulfilled in thirty years.
IRELAND.
The returns for Ireland have not yet been pub
lshcd; tat the probability u that they wW Grtlbt a
dt1tda rather than an Increase. IL the dninution
hould as has been asserted extend to the fri ghful
number Of 2GCO,00O, we should then be presented
with the remarkable fact that he popuIAl0n Of
these islands, uiioh had previously goasOn nueasing
in ruy r0Id manner, hat ~ The list ten years re-
niaintd almost stationary. But we do not believe
that famine, disease, and emigration, terrible as
has been their activity in Ireland within the last
few years, have effected such an amount of devas-
ta,on as TO sweep Of even million Of souls, in adj
dition to the increase which must have taken place.
The probability is that Ireland in ISL, contains
nearly as many people as ii did in ISL
The progressive decline of the rate of increase
in Great Britain is generally considered as an
almost inevitable result Of the circumscription Of
our soil. When the point has been reached at
which population augments faster than the pro-
ductiOn OF food or the means of obtaining food,
| the difficulty Of procuring subsistence must ne
cessarily be greater, and the average duration OF
life be less. Under such circumstances there will
be developed either a slower increase or an ab.o-
Lutte aiIninution Of inhabitants, in precisely the
"a me proportion the means OF subsistence are
difficult VI attainment. The returns seem to show
that during the whole of the present century, there
has been, on the average, asbghtly increasing din.
Guilty in obtaining sufhciencJ OF the necessares oil
life in this country, although It is no doubt true
that, in the course Of the fifty years. the standard OF
living has been very considerably raised amongst
all classes Of the people. Here, however, the dts
advantages of n restricted soil would have been
fully coanterbalauced by the marvellous activity
Of our commerce, had II not been that short
sighted and selfish legislation forged chains for CON-
merce in order to benefit the land. IL is our firm
belief that II the laws had existed, there
would have been several millions more Of people In
Great Britain than there are and we are pretty
certain that the next census, in 1sol, will exhibit
the advantages and blessings Of free trade in an
ascending instead of descending, rate Of increase
in the population.
Men do not willingly and lightly fly from their
native land. Even though a change Of home be
known to be certainly beneficial, the transition
becomes more difficult in proportion to its desrs-
bilty. The state Of poverty, distress, and disap-
| ment which forces men to think Of emgra-
ton is the very state which emigration becomes
difficult, owing to the want Of means. Yet the
pressure on the means Of subsistence had 80 gone
on increasing in this country in the course OF the
last decennial period, that thousands contrived
to escape from the eyercrowded land; and tine
failure Of the potato crops, together with the bad
harvests Of 1901, gave an impetus to emigration