davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04
Knoxville.

From the fhct that ere long
we will be brought in immediate
connection with Knoxville, ind 9th
er impo rtant poihts in East Tennes-
see, by means bf the easiest and
cheapest mode Of transportation yet
discovered -stglm boat navigation
the people of dhF Elk Riv fr coun-
try feel a degree Rf interest in and
for that section IoF pur State. Their
manufacturing liabilities, to s pine eS-
tent, being more abundant ,and great
er progress having been made in that
line, than in our oMn section, we can
mutually assist eafhIother-
Being alt present, almost wholly de-
pendent pom tlo{f at a distance for
most all our mani fa9tured articles,
we, Of course, max E our purchases
where interest prd 1npts; this being
the case, We see nothing to hinder a
considerable trade Eomspringing Up
between our sec ioh offcountfy and
that Of East T. n4essee. There is
an immense dem n4 for the salt glass,
iron, nails, casti1 gdand stoves which
we seeIby the K ho4ville papers, are
being nanufactrI red at that place
The cheap TRANSPORTATION soon to be
enjoyed by our people, will necessa-
rily have its inlluebce towar ds di-
recting the trader that way to sup
ply this demand We incline to the
opinion that o pr East Tennessee
folks viii make It ID our interest to
purchase Of them They surely can,
with he 4 drant3 ge4 they pOsscss.
Since putting tile foregoing in
type we learn Though the Knoxville
Wing tn at at IN Establishment re-
Gently put in opeffqtiPn in that place
not only stoves Of eFery description
are being manufl dtufed but ali man
her of ca tings ih irIb pa and brass, fol
machines, and al thS purposes of the
day File same PAPER says these
castings and machinfry are equal tt
any Of the kind eNer brought t.
that ma rket from the. North o.
West - say competent judgEs who
have exa mined them
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04
Election Of President Of the United
States.

Our present mode of electing the
President Of the United States is
eliciting public attention in some por-
tons Of the country. Itis contend
ed that the people should have the
right Of eleeting the President d.
rectly, and not to do it through an
Electoral College, as is now required
by the Constitution. For our own
part, W never have fully understood
any good reafon why the trainers Of
the Constitution engrafted such a
clause in chat instrument.
We are of those who go for the
election of every elective officer
known to our govern ment, State and
Federal, by the direct votes of the
people from Pfesiden down. In a
general way, we are opposed to alter
ling or amending the Constitution
We believe it to be as near perfect as
wisdom and patriotism could devise,
at the time it was framed; and Time,
with all his searching investigations,
has not been able to point out many
parts that could even now be bet
tered. Yet, SO far as the election of
Preside nt and United States Senators
is conc erned, we would be glad, had
our forefathers made that instrument
difftreh tly, plading their election i'm
mediately before the people. 1t is
said that Gen. jackson advocated the
right of the people to choose their
President with but the intermediate
agency Of Electors. Upon this sub
ject, the Philadelphia Public Ledger
says
! The Federaf Constitution was made by a
convention of wise men, and acceIl by a
wise and patriotic generation; and The pro-
visions for Presidential elections were ihen
deemed The best that could be devised. Yet
theslapse Of ten Years only proved ha, one
OF them could be easily made an insrru-
mens OF mischidVous intrigue, and Thai
public safely required lis alteration. This
provision did not designate between the can.
ldidates for The Presidency and The Vice
Presidency and consequently Aaron Burr
Though intended by the people for Inc Vice
Presidency, aimfSt succeeded in an intrigue
for the Presidency. for which office ma.
Jorily of she people ha4 plainly designalec
! Thomas Jefferson. This unforeseen even
induced an amendmenliof the constitution
very soon ailef Jeffersbn's election. Arc
as thai provision was found defective, ma,
not some other provision for Presidential
elections have become equally so! Some
already entertain serious doubts about the
utility of eieciorai colleges.and The election
upon their failure, by tie House of Repre-
sen'aiives: Have IlieI electoral college:
become the mere instruments of conven
lions and caucpses, cchrolfed BY candi
dates2 Would the POPULAR will be les:
. trammcled il Idirect opuiar vote! Ant
is the House a safe DEPOSITORY of a Presi
Dental eectionl These are grave ques
ions. which the people are beginning tc
fconsidef seriously, and which they viii ul-
itimhieE decide in their own favor. In
lmoft OF the States, the Governors are
ieiefted by direct popular suffrage Gould
nota President be elected as well by The
same model End if no candidate should
have majority at the first trial could moi d
second be made with the TWO highest candi-
dalesl
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04

lMock Suns. La st Thursday, from
sunrise until most noon, tn people
of st. Paul, Minnesota, witnessed
one Of the most superb solar exhibi-
tons ever yet seen. Three suns, Of
equal brightness, and too dazzling for
the naked eye, apparently rose at
once, in the horizon, and the ground
being covered with snow, poured
forth a deluge of light, by far the
most intense we ever beheld. A
stream Of powerfully refracted rays
was blazing downward from the real
sun of the centre, like the blazing
beard ofa fiery comet; while on each
side Of the sun, like the s gments
which form a parenthesis, t hus g.
hung a brilliant sun dog, with focal
point in the centre Of each, intensely
luminous, so that these two suns,
the offspring Of the true sun by re-
fraction, shone in equal splendor,
all in row with their great Father Of
Light.-.Ninnesota Pioneer.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04

ing made by the edition buyers of
England TO relieve themselves from
their Deepen dance upon this country
for their annual supply of cotton, the
New Orleans Picay4ne says:
| We made a iewremirkb day ortNIo since
about The efforts the EnHlish afe n5w ma
king TO extend the cotton culture in Tie East
and " est Indian dominidns SO far as 10 re-
lieve themselves from the necessityfof de-
bending On ,he United States for a supply.
l. is natural tina, just a, IBIS lime, when two
Successive shdr. crops have raised The price
Of the article TO double its usual valuf, .ha,
they should make strenbo efforts to rid
themselves Of what they fonsider tiegra-
ding 7dependaHcy. The success that has
Hitherto attended their tlForts is no, b very
favorable omen Of beted issue N future,
and in an economical bint Of view, we
think they will scarcely Ye able TO better
their conditions. They Seem 10 lose sight
Of the fact. that in order ID compele with The
United States they mus be able 10 sell their
cotont the manufacturers in England as
cheap as we Cd y afford olds. They might
raise ten millions bales in India nextlvear,
and i.Ilhey could not be sbld in Liverpool
as low as American cotton, The experiment
would be a failure, for we certainly do not
think the planters would lconlinde 10 send
their produces 10 market at unrenlp nef hating
prices In the meantime, all The N oney
thrown away on those BbprodudtiveI and
useless experiments in lndih is just so Hnuch
distracted from the industry of the nation.
and renders hem inst 50 tqlch the less able
10 pay for American cotton. "a
The Manchester spinnerf, finding them
selves slrbigh,ened in theiI operations by
the prescnl high price Of The raw material.
have with most commendabje foresight dis
patched Mr.. Alexander Madkay as an agent
10 India in order toextend iilc cultivation Of
cotton in thitt, part Of The world. Their
planning speculaiions will probably end in /
placing them in worse lbtion sthan they |
are a, present. Bdt they haF We sill anoshcr
expedienI. They have discovered thal
fax will make an exceil49t substitute for /
cotton, and BY newly nvented process, I
IAN be marufac'ured almost as ch Paplf as
cotton.
The process is described h} one by Which
he fibre is improvedin beautt and slrenkth.
he means OF preparing il limpIifed Ind
,heapehed, and by whichlii can BE mhde
0 combine the warmth of cbtton With the
glossy appeWance of silk, While ID reidins
is own natural properties as la rarI;d cbn- +
Inctor of heat.
This is all very fine, bu, rdalsa4nhch bet.
er than il will work. The nix speculation
will turn out 40 beller than abe coil lon one.
-nd at last DUR suffering Englilh friends viii h
ave % rely on The slave Labor ofthd Unhed 4
States for a supply Of tha. article oh which
may be saib, without much exaggeratidn,
hal their national exisuince ldenepds.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04

Every Van his osrn H|r4yfr.-I In
the Ohio Legislature las d week, NJ r
Fee gave notice in the House, of a
bill to permit all pers dnss in the
State to practice law, without exam
ination or admission.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04
The Arkansas Legislature[ which

The Arkansas Legislature[W which
has just adjourned,l passed al act
providing fortbe reclamation of the
overlooked lands donated to that
State by COM gross
They have also given a liberal
charter to a company to build a
plank road through the bottom OPP
posite Memphis. /
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04

NoRrH-CARoLI pa on THE TAkIFF--
Anti-proteetive resolutions have been
adopted by a lar &c vote of both par
ties, in the North Carolina Iegisla-
ture. The viii s opposed further
protection, not only because of the
peculiar position Of the Sou tn at
present, but beca use they regarded
the present tariff as sufficiently high,
and as carrying out the proper object
of government, in raising revenue. |
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04

Aggregate 2,s3 $40 2,276,3sl
New England has in the present
Congress 80 members Of the House
Of Representatives. Ia the new ap-
por,ionmcnt she will have but 81,
losing three members Maine will
have 6, New Hamshire 8, Vermont
3, Massachusetts 10, Rhade Island
l, Connecticut 4.-Phil. NoTH
american.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04
Those Kentucky Regiments.

I'm ~'1i- GiuJ . IHAOdto uSdlLsoo ehOoO
If TRAITORS who share the sentiments
gof Mr.. Rhett, have not been en-
dorsed by the State he represents
The Louisville Journal (whig,) usu-
ally his echo, says:
| IF South Carolina wishes to Sc
Icede, we hope she will be permitted
Ito do SO without molestation. Her
secession would undoubtedly subject
1.-THE country to a good deal of incon-
yenienee, but in our opinion, not
enough to render a resort to military
force expedient- Let her go out of
1.-THE Union and stay out just as long
as she likes. After a while she will
come back if permitted to do So
a wiser and a better State.
The Louisville Democrat quotes
this and adds:
@Here is a triumph of common
sense over an impracticable theory.
When particular case presents it.
self, the folly Of an attempt to carry
out the theory is apparent. Let this
sentiment become the current one
Grant to the State of South Carroll
IA the right I'd secede, and no seees-
sion will take place. The reasons for
secession will be answered.
"What startles Southern appre-
hension is-there are no limits to the
power of dominant sectional major
ity in Congress; that they may, in
the course of time, undertake to con-
troll the relations of the white and
black race in the slave States, in
spite Of the people of those States.
Hand over to them the shield against
aggression-the right of secession
and the South is quoted, for in the
first place, this dominant majority
will take very good care to avoid sec
tional questions; and if they are reck-
less enough to plunge into them, the
minority will have no effectual shield
against their action.
"Having gone thus far, the editor
of the Journal must allow that the
President and the Federal anthori-
ties Are under no constitutional obi
cations to employ force to reduce
State to submission. We would like
tosee the States come to fair I'M
Outstanding upon this point. We
believe it the very best security
against secession to allow the right
in the very framework of our federal
relations. The considerations in IA
vor Of the Union are too great to be
ove rbalanced by any inconvenience
likely to be experienced. If seees-
sion were proposed, and no compul-
sion pretended to prevent it, there
would be no room for appeals to pas
sion or patriotism, or the spirit of
resistance, to inflame the minds of
men. 1t would be mere business
lik e operation. Whilst all the glo-
fries Of a common Union and its rec
objections would be on the other side,
even more potent than eve r
FsWe hone the Editor of the jour-
nal, now virtually right in the main,
will also beright in details. A vol
I'm tar Union-noth thing else. This
lis our glory. Let it be the motto of
every paper in the South
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04

The State Of Iowa has ordered a
block of marble for the Washington
National Nc nun ent, with the follow
ing inscription:
"IowA-IIer affections, like the
rivers Of her borders, flow to an insep-
arabic Union"
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04

fa~ The Cheap Postage Bill, which
passed the lower House of Con-
gress a few days since, was opposed
by nearly the entire delegation from
Tennessee-our own member, Hon
G. u. Jones, among that number.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04

The Western hog trade has fallen
off this year GAG, 900 head.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04

The Census Of New England is
now complete, with the exception
of Massachusetts,. WeigIye below
the official returns of the popula-
ton of all the other states, and the
U. S. Marshal's estimate Of the
Old Bay State;
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-02-04
COttoH.

Speaking Of the 4 forts now be
ing made BY the Cd ton buyers of
England 10 relieve 4 themselves from
their dependence upon this country
for IL eli an nual supply Of cotton, the
New Orleans Picayhne saws:
The New York herald., 1851-10-30
L.. s. District Court.

The Cuban Eapedtonisfs "A. Irvine Lev Is, charged
with carrying en- within the United States expedition
against the Island OF Cuba the 23d April 1851 has
entered fresh recognizances extending his bail to the
November term Mr. Charles O'Cenor Is bis bail. The
bail for Louis schlessinger charged with the offence
Cuba to imprisonment for his participation in the late
fatal expedition likewise extended to the November
Of this court Mr. gonor being also his surety
TIE United States District Attorney consented to the
Bewsl Of the recoenizances.
Condemnation Of Go0ds.-Upon the molten of the United
States District Attorney sixty quarter casks and
hogsbead Of Port wine, consigned 10 NJ L. Rouih Son,
New York, condemned and ordered to be sold,
account Of being undervalued in the invoice.
Tbs United States Quantity Of Diamonds Emeraids
and Rabies ufhouf any Ma,k-In this default was
taken abd order Of condemnation and sale made by
the Court They valued about 81 800, and were
smuegled in letters through the Post Office twelve
months since
The New York herald., 1851-10-30


BY the session laws Of 1913, (see page 3lt,) an
act was passed by two third vote, abrogating the
ofhce Of ward collectors and the Office Of collection
department for the collection Of the city taxes
This department, under faithful and honorable
cfcers gave general satisfaction TO the tax payers
and was great saving to the people at large, and
was the pioneer act in the revision of the city
charter which followed, establishing the depart
ment Of the city government, at present in force
There has been no alteration Of this act By the
Legislature, establishing the Office Of collection Of
arrears Of taxes; but 1t seems by the direction Of
the der for the Of the city taxes she
ofhce has been divided, and q constable is the
lucky officer, and for some four or Eve years past.
has been in the practice Of presenting bills to those
who were 90 unfortunate as not 10 be able TO pay
their taxes within the rigid time required by law,
with commissions charged on the amount, Of frsm
two and hslfto FIVE per cent, averaging, probably,
three ard halfper cent. The arrears OF taxes In
the time above referred to, will, In all probab
amount to FIVE hundred thousand dollars annually,
giving 10 the constable in question, and those as.
sociaied with him, seventeen thousand FIVE hundred
dollars annually Under the present state of the
money market, IL is probable that the amount Of
taxes next January, remaining unpaid, will amount
TO nearly one million Of dollars, and three and a
half per cent on this amount will be thirty Ave
thousand dollars large amount Of spoils. Who
gets i'll Read the second article of the act and
see IL you find any authority for this and il not
there has been wrongfully taken from the unfor-
tunate tax payers, this enormous amount. / ask
sgaiD, who gets the sposl IL Is believed that the
Comptroller has demonstrated against tn practice,
but without eject Tax PAYER.
The New York herald., 1851-10-30
Superior Court-In Chambers.


Der. 2S--Heteas C@Ius -Jeresish fruin' young rs.
cru Who had enlisted in the st Dragons was brouhs
up haLea corpus and his discharge demanded by nus
fahsr he being under age The Judge said tns' 10 ne o
grant the writ, be could not hear the case coua
opy te investgt ted the Justice who issued Counse
for the young man said tnat ne eodu
the statute which provided that in the absence
same court -, -
Judge Duer-Yes, that applies to cases in which we
sit Judges Of the Superior Court but in these wrts OF
hobeos corpus only act Commissioners OF Assoca1e
Justices Of the Supreme Court; for 10 the supreme
Court properly belongs the power to issue such writs
Both parties were willing TO consent 10 Judge Duer
disposipg Of the and His Honor said to remove all
difheulty, he would grant writ, returnabe I'M
medstely.
The father Of the recruit then aad deposed
that bis Jeremiah would be twenty one years OF
age next july did not know he about to enlist the
lad got little disobedient, and witness hcgged him and
be that the reason he went into the
(Laughter.)
To the Judge-I did know be was going to enlist
did receive any Of the enlistment money; don't
believe he got any.
The Juose-1he statute provides that If parent Is
Of the sons intention to enlist receives any Of
tire enlistment mercy the plea Of minority is Of no
avail
Captain Grsbsm said that the young man did not rs-
kit Of giving any but the distinctly asked as to
bis tge and he positively that he was Il years old
The Judge-You should take him before some magis-
tste and ndict him for perjury these frauds upon the
frequent that the parties falsely repre-
sertng themselves to be Of should be punished
have however, nothing to do With that and he has
returned his clothing mus. order his discharge
The young then discharged, and left the cour
with his father
The New York herald., 1851-10-30
supreme tourt-fircu uit Court.
p.scr, 10, Iusxa Ffvards

Ocr q Jane Biqateh. adzirisfrgiur ~. Edg. Rich
md Frarcis Byrrtn .8cgn GKand SApgWnsrs fr
Loss # IN. oocasio'sS " alleged Deprivation al Sea-In
this vhich reported 10 yesterday Hss.Lp the
evidence for the plaintiff having been concluded, Mr.
Hoffman moved for q dismissal Of the complaint con-
tending that contract had been proved between the
ycsse vas bound 10 stop Rio and Valparaiso and that
the dying Of scurvy could be attributed to any
neglect Of the def ndants Mr. Blunt opposed the
motion conter ding that the clearly which
should be submitted TO the jury.
The Court after describing the napre of the aston
% IA n vss in point of fact the the husband
Rad not died brought the suit himself for the alleged
wrong doing funlment Of the agreement By the
dsfspdapts II seemed TO the Court that the contract
had mot been proved and that the stands ss
contract had been made The principle h. " q ship
10 20 port to anotse and she goes there
he ful6ls The agreement hshe to stop at any intel
coutrsct and the Court not in position 70 say that
tber. vss nv contract in this to that effect M 70
the number Of passengers being III instead on 100
whether that IL o wrong act, depends upon eircum-
sho the eupsdfty o the owners but the Court cannot
.sspme that The vessel crowded wronRfuly vithfu
the ms ssnine Of the statute He knew u may have been
nconv.nent but TO the allegation that IL vns wrong
fully crowded he would instruct the jury thst tnsy
would have no right upon the cspricous udsment o.
any individual, 10 sssume any such fsct Inen W
is contended that the water became bad. There no
proof that there any negligence In thss but they
csme bad IL Il fact that even shore water vii, 81
ter time become bad and most particularly 81 see, va
tergrn not keep long time. IL did not appear that
the consequenc.s complained o. we're not the result OF
ev,ry leng voyage The wish q the Court would be 10
submit this to the jury there probably would
then BE- verdict wsy or the other which would put
end TO the matter but ths defendant refuse 70 pro-
duee evidence the Court should feel bound to instruct
the jury that there ga no proof Of neslisenc. me
| crmplsDt dismissed hr Biunt excepted 10 the
4Vhns u lie Court
The New York herald., 1851-10-30
Marine Melrs.

IRE NEW GLITTER SHIP JOHN STUART.
The buiicirg Ct clipper ships for the California and
China trade having proved more advantageous than
even many saDguine persons anticipated, has in
duced our merchants to think such class Of ves'
sells could BE- prontsby employed in other directions
and two or three have consequently been built
the Liverpool trade Among these is the clip
per ship John Stuart which built expressly FOR that
trade she 10 . beautiful piece Of naval architecture
snd though bearing the appesrance-ss she, no doubt
will prove in reality-of q vessel built for quick sailing
she every element Of stsunch we'll made Sea-
going ship Her builders, Messrs Perine, Patterson
Stack of wniamsbureh have lost none Ct their we'll
earned reputation in the construction Of this beautiful
craft. Her appearance on the water Is graceful and
buoyant and has attracted numbers Of vsters among
whom have been some of our mos. experienced ship
builders and shipmasters who speak highly Of her both
as regards model and superior workmanship Her model
is considered by welLinformsd nautical men, to be
second to none, and the design Of her builders to
make her one Of fastest clippers we'll of the
best sesgoing aeat will without doubt be fully
realized As far the excellence Of material aud bsauty
Of construction and finish concerned her superior
has yet to be built Her lines round and have an
easy and graceful sweep her ends are sharp and her
bead ornamented with neatly carved and gilt scroll
work Her stern is round, and she has very
clean run. Her frame B composed principally OF
Virginia white cak apron and inner stern post OF
live oak she s square fastened and treenaed through
and through from the cardboard to the pankshear The
the lower decks Of white oak and hack
nstsek the upper. In the lower hold she has three
rows stanchions. douby sealed On every deck she
has six matches, whch with the other furnished
afford ample means Of thoroughly lighting and ventiat-
She has a sunkep poop, In front of which is a small
house from which, by descendng two three steps the
fore cabin is gained In which are the captains and Off
GERS Aft Of this is the principal cabin which ia
furnished In most elegant manner The wood used Is
satin zebra and rose highly polished and the beading