davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-02-27

uongshead, Peiley IL Co. g report of the cotton
market states the sales of the week az 700 bales
at prices from / I'D. decline. Under date of
Saturday, these gentlemen quote middling quality
at 6,d for Uplands, I'D. for Mobile, and I'D. for
New Orleans. The sales of Friday were 1000
bales ard the market closed with less pressure to
sell.
Business at Manchester was much depressed,
owing entirely 10 the state of the cotton market
The corn market is unusually depressed, and
prices are l a I'd. lower for wheat, and 6i for
flour and corn.
The provision market has been more active, and
old and new pork has advanced from Is. p
Lard has advanced Is. Cd. per cwt and higher
rates are demanded for the small quantity nov in
the market. Canadian butter has advanced from
-. a is per cwt. Ordinary American sells at 4Os
COS. per cwt
Freights have been well supported, in expecta
zion Of an advance in passage money, which, how
ever, has not been realized. There have been but
very few arrivals from America during the week.
The Havre cotton market was extremely duh
on Feb. q The rates were lower than al Liver
pool. Sales for the week 5 POS bales.
The dotation has been lost IN the French Assem-
oily. by moi ority Of lOl.
The breach between Louis Napoleon and the
Assembly appears TO be every day becoming wider
II lie new proposed TO organize national suoscrl.
tion TO relieve the President from his em5arrsss-
ments.
Semi official adyces from Dresden state that,
with the sanction OF Russia, Austria and Prussia
have agreed to reconstitute the central German
power; each nation taking the Presidency BY turns
The Europa remained at her wharf ~ Halifax,
at ten O'Clock p. M taking 10 coal.
Private letters from Mr. Howe, the Nova Scotia
commissioner in England, leave no reason 70 doubt
that his mission on behalf Of the Portland and
Halifax road will prove successful. lie will re-
euru in the ne ~ steamer
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-02-27

There we're iss death, IN philsdslrhis during shs
veek ending the 22i Inst.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-02-27

NIL. FOR EIECTINo u. SENAroR-MovEMEyr
FOR T1iE COMPLETION or the ESI.ARGEMENr
~ THE ERIE cxSAL-coMMUTArIoS or BAnAM's
EENTTNC E, LTC.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-02-27

AFFAIRS IN coSGREss-THK QUARREL BETwEES
MESsRS ASHMUN AND ALLEN, RELATIVE TO sEcRE-
TARY wRBsTER--cHEAP PosTAoE-THE COLLINS
STEAMERS, ETC.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-27

Mans To MExco.-Mr. Henry Skillman, Of
New Mexico, the TnteIligencer says, entered into
a con,rac, with the Postmastes General, on Satur-
day last, for the transportation Of a monthly NAH
between Santa Fe and San Elisano,vIa ri Paso
and intermediate points on the Rio Grande, a
distance OF some $50 miles and also for transport
ing mail every two months between San An
ton;o snd FL Paso, a distance Of about $50 miles
Tn. citizens and public officers in New Mexico
and Western Texas will, therefore, have mad
from the East monthly, by the way Of Tndepen-
depce and Santa Fs, and bi-monthly by the
way Of New Orleans and San Antonio, which lat
ter rout. will probably be increased nsxt year TO
a monthly mail.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-27
THr Pmscr GrOseEs csors.-Th. ST. Mays

THE PRiscE GEoRGE = Cpops.-The ST. Msrys
Beacon Of Thursday last says,
"our farmers are nov engaged in securing
their tobacco crop, which will be the shortest
raised in this county for number Of years. The
corn crop, too, will be very mesgre one. In
some sections. where rain fell in June and July,
il presents tolsrably fair appearance, but taking
the county through, the crop, we are satisfied,
viii fall short fully oue-third Of the average yield.
With regard to the potato crop, in this section !,
will be complete failure. Owing to the drought,
they were mostly planted very late and came up
badly, and although the tubers have not attained
more than half their ordinary size, the vines are
already dying.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-27

The Grand Jury Of the State Of Indiana, sitting
in Dearborn county, lately presented the county
Jail as a common nuisance, a disgrace to the
county, and suitable only for an uneivilized and
bsrbarous people, and further recommended mme-
date removal, without regard 10 cost At the
same session, however, the jury found hty bills
Of Indictment.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-27

The Ice crop, hereafter, need not depend upon
the frigidity Of the weather duri9 (tsezing time.
as an enterprising individual Of York has
invented a machine not larger small ere
frigerator," with which pen he tropics.
or any other habiiable region, can freeze gallon
OF ice in q minute Of time.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-27

The Law OF TREASON On Monday morn
ing next Juge Kane, at Philadelphia, will.
charge the grand jury of the United States
upon the law of treason, at the suggestion of
district attorney John w. Ashmead. The
North America says that 1t Is the intention of
the district attorney then to send bills of ndct-
ment to the grand jury against all pesons
charged with participating in the late unfortu-
nate outrage at Christiana. Iftrue bills should
be found, they will be certified to United
States circuit court by the United States district
court, and will be tried at term which com
mences on the 9th day Of October next
The southern press. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-27

lspiAs NasEs.--Among the candidates for the
National Council in the Cherokee Nation, are the
nsmes Of Spring Frog. spirit-Pot, Laugh-st-
Much, and Lightning Bug. For sheriff the nsmss
Of Fish. Tail and Pelican Tiger are mentioned
The southern press. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-27

RonBERIEs ON THE PENNSYLVANIA WoRKs.-
The Pttsburg paper Of Saturday states that, from
circumstances that have come to the knowledge Of
the authorities in and about Johnstown, Pa, there
is large and well organized band OF robbers, con-
sisting, as alleged by some Of those arrested, Of
over hundred, whose headquarters are in Gin
cinnati and they have for some time past been
committing dePredations to an alarming extent at
Johnstown and vicinity, in breaking open the
cars and taking the goods which are passing to
the West. Last week eleven Of these men, be-
longing to section boats, principally, were arrested
and imprisoned. Great quantities Of goods and
money were found secreted Among those arrested
are John Peterson, John McFsslsy, and two men
named Imam and Brown. and the entire crew Of
the boat Ruth Ann, Capt. Ridley, as accessories.
Capt. Gordon, Of the boat Hudson, has $500
stolen from him, and one Of Bingham cars was
among those broken open and robbed on the 18th.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington City [i.e. Washington, D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-27

The Peoples Bank Of Paterson, New Jersey,
failed to-day Its circulation, I am told, V
small.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14

| in order to induce some avariciou;
man to marry her. The only cere-
mony used was a sort of feast, al
which the husband assembled his
friends, and called upon them to wit
ness that he had complied with the
conditions Of his bargain.
At the present day, among the
the women are married
without portions: The reason given
for this custom is, that the women
have no occasion for pride and inso-
lence; but among the more wealthy
families, the brides parents ON the
wedding day send sum Of money
as a formal present to the bride
groom, which he presently returns in
the same ceremonious way.
The japanese female is the presi-
ding deity at all festivals, and is the
Of social life. Intercourse
with tanners is avoided as well as
forbidden-that trade forming caste
beyond the pale Of society, and sup
plying the country with execution
prs
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14
History Of Alcohol.

Alcohol was invented $50 yearf
ago, BY the son Of a strange woman,
Hagag in Arabia. Ladies used il
with apowder to paint themselves,
that they might appear more beauti-
full, and this powder was called alco-
hol. During the reign Of William
and Mary, an act was passed en-
couraging the manufacture of spirits
Soon after, intemperance and pro-
nigacy prevailed to such an extent
that the retailers of Intoxicating
drinks put up signs in public places,
informing the people that they might
get drunk for penny: and have
some straw to get sober on.
Tn the 10th century, distilled
spirits spread over the continent Of
Europe. About this time it was in
troduced into the colonies, as the U.
S. we're then called. The first no.
tice we have Of its use. in public life,
was among the laborers in the Hun
garian mines, in the 18th centuf y.
In 175l, it was used by the English
soldiers. as a cordial. The alcohol in
Europe was made of grapes and sold
in Italy and Spain as medicine.
The Genoese afterwards made it from
grain and sold it as medicine in bot
ties, under the name of the water Of
life. Until the 10th century, it had
only been kept by the apothecaries
as medicine During the reign Of
Henry Y H., brandy was unknown in
Ireland, and soon its alarming effect
induced the government to pass a
law prohibiting its manufacture.
About l20 years ago it was used
as beverage, especially among the
soldiers iR the English colonies in
North AMERICA, under the preposter-
Gus notioh that it prevented sickness
and made mon fearless in the field of
battle. It was looked upon as a SOW
ereign s specifc. Such is brief
sketch of the introduction of alcohol
into society as a beverage.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14
m-u@ 80 80

EE1E'wO' EsoIIhFs lor one YeaIif pal ID a
rife time Of subscription; TWO Dali arg
a'.a Fifty Gents, WITHOUT De yIfrF | FoN
after the expiration of Three Months
fD Ali Tsii.s for AdyerseiIlents. Job
Work or Subscription. considered due
whereeoqi * Aept against those Vilt
whom We have Ronrlhv Acc1unts'
'EJ-No PaDcg viii be sent out OF :hs
County. unless paid for in advance
efJ7Adverriseiuents insfrlci Al one Dol
!iaF Per square Of Twelve E4izhes,
or E-''ss, Tor Tie FiEst Inserion; FIFTY
Gents ior each continuance. J.
: llJ7 Persons advertising by Inc Year, will
be charged Thirty Dollar5 fol " ho'e
Column, Twenty DoiIars forone lalf,
Ten Dollars for one+qaauer. no deei
otion from these 7cyms under any circ un-
siaacfs.
FEJ7Thc privilege Of Yea-ly Ailgerlisefs is
sirict'y tinlied 10 their olcn isimk9iate aad
Regular Business; and The Business Of an
Advertising Firm is not considered as n-
lclul'pg ihaI Of us indivrdus members.
kJ@Announciag Candidates. Three Doll
sars; to BE- paid IA .4dpimce IA Erery Case
EDs.AIYerilscmenis not nalkel wnh The
nun.Ier. ri Insertions when handed in. will
be coatiaged anil ordcred ont, and pGyFletil
erscili. r
EIJ1.Ni .ilrertiSemenE can ls inserted gra-
faitots'y.
tJs Advertisements of Personal Nature
ta,rariaJy charged Double Price,
ED| Advertisements Of Pdlent Medicines
iuse1ed at Thirty DcIIars per Col
t9ss15l, Per 4 ear.
s3@5 % w oril, Of ALL Kinds, LNedliy
done on Rev Type, and on as reasonable
Terms IS any Olice in Tennessee.
bU59ND Paper will be discontinued until
all -afr~arases are paid u?--ereePt at ths
option Of the Publishers.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14
How ARE THE sIIGurY FALLEN

How ARE THE AIIGurY FALLEN
-Iile Pinlaielphia (Pa) ledger
says;
ut will be seen By reieEence to
the sales, that there were 100
shares Of u. S. Bank sold at one
dollar per share!
ALAS, how are The mighty fallen
Fifteen years ago it stood the proud
est and most powerful institution in
>lhe Union. In its arrogance il pre-
sumed to dispute with the govern,
me ut for ascendency, and but for the
great personal popularity oil Gen.
Jackson, probaaly would have suc>
ceedcd IN its aim. Now OILY one
dollarp per share will be given fdr it,
and even one cent per share is be-
leved to be more than D it is worth"
We have scrap Of an old news-
paper, in which Tie stock Of this
same U. S. Bank is quoted al Slc5
per share.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14

E,E's AraLE FaEg.-in an in
tcresting voiapIc, entitled Recollcc-
fi0n, Of CeJt!on, il is asserted that
E1ge's appld tree T kaduragha] is
dherc a com moH tree. It is of me-
it}ium size. lis leaves nlhe inches in
length by thrde in width, with
twenty or mere streng fibrcs run
ming odI irom each side of tle cen-
tral ona. It's fruits are attached
to stalk cf considerable length,
and are produced in pairs. HE
appearance prekented by the fruit
Is said to be ser ~ peculiar, having
the form Of IN apple OF the COM
mon kind. wish salmost one-tlird
bitten cut. 1t IS not eatable, and
is regarded as most deadly poison.
" N'Ilen paucAlfeh, It exudes a luice
or milk so acid, that a single drop
falling on the skin Immediately
ral,eE a blister. The outside
saws The author, is of a bright yel-
low color, and the inside deep
crimson. It contains a large guam
tity of I8ack seeds, ike the pip Of
anIapple im6edaed In a quantity of
scarlet colored pulp. Ihavc count
ed lifty-eight Of these seeds IN one
single fruit. y hen ripe, the fruit
bursts and the seeds fall out; the
outside shrisels up, but still adheres
TO the stalk for a considerable time.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14
deboife .]5oatrg.
Love and Home and Native Land.
By SAMUEL LOVER.

" hen o'er The silent deep we rove,
More fondy lhen our thoughts will stray
Tp those we lcaye7- TO those we love,
WHOSE prayers PuFsue our waiery way.
II hen in ,he lonely midnight hour
The saiI,r iokes his walchfa stani,
IIis hcan l!len feels The hottest power
or levc, and home, and native land.
] vain mayfropic ei.mes display
Their gliiieriug shores. gorgeous shells
Thoagi rghi bi'ds wing lhcirdazzling way,
And glorious flowers adorn The deils;
Though naiure therq prolific, Pours
The treasures Of her magic haeJ,
The cyc-Edi not Tie heart, addrcs:
The heart stiIl beats for native land.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14
NO. 40.
| Dew.

The participation or formation
Of dew, is accustomed by the at
mosphere's circulating over a sub
stance colder iban itself. The phe-
nomenon is an alagous to the form
ation of moisture upon a cup Of
cold water during summer, and is
of course por4 abundant when the
atmosphere is saturated with nlois-
ture, as before a thunder show eli or
after rainy we hther, than any other
times. Forth reason, IL is formed
more copiouslf in the spring and
autumn than ii summer, when the
atmosphere is dry. Calm and Sc
rene weather ~ also essential to
the formation pf dew. 1t may, IN
deed, fall durii 9 cloudy nights, but
not when a wi lnd prevails. Fr ON
the nature of the dew it viii be
seen that, befdre it can be deposit
ed upon a 81 slbstance, that sub
stance must become colder than
the surrounding air. This is a
fact, which, Il Iough only scientific
ally explained IL modern times, was
known by IIetOdotu$, who saws in
his description OF the CrocOdiles,
that this anilhal passes the night
in the waters bf the Nile on ac-
count-o thelt being rnmer than
the NOCTURNAL atmosphere and the
dew. Cicero and Virgil also apply
to dew the oppression gelidus.-
Such being the case, it will be
seen that as substances differ in
their power of losing, their temper
ature they must difEer-in their at
traction for d ew. Accordingly it
IS found to be- deposited more on
vegetables than on dry sand, very
little on bright metallic surfaces,
and none at a Il on large bodies of
water as the ocean. Swans. down
and all other substances of a fila
mentous nature, part with their
heat readily, and never imbibe
much dew. Fine unvrougbt cotton
and silk receive more dew than
wool whose fibres are thicker and
coarser- The mechanical condition |
Of objects likewise affects the form
alton of dew, as sharings attract it
more than solid wood.
The upper parts of blades of
grass receive it, by radiating their
temperature into the regions of
empty space, while the lower por-
tons, from the smallness OF. their
conducting power, transmit very
little of the earfh's heat TO restore
their temperature thus given out;
consequently, they become colder
than the surrounding air, and, af-
iordlng surface for the cOndensa-
ton OF the atmospheric vapor, be-
come moist with dew.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14

Tie sum Of twenty-five hundred
dollars has been appropriated by the
Southern Central Agricultural So
ciety of Georgia, to be distributed
in prizes, in the form Of silver pitch
ers, goblets and cups, on the occasion
oil the State Fair to be held in the
city Of Macon on the 10Th, 30th aud
3lst days Of October.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14
WHY DIpN'r HE TAKE THE p

Why DIN HE TAKE THE p.
pAR-rhe Portsmouth Dispatch
tells Of a speculation in peaches in
that vicinity, Que Of their citizens
went 10 the orchard Of large
peach grower, which probably con-
tains one thousand bushels, ard Tof-
tered the owner one dollar per
busael for all he had, and take
them from the orchard. The of.
fer was accepted, and the purohas-
er telegraphed to Cincinnati TO a
fruitist, and III two hours the peach
es were again sold at taeo dollars
per bushel delivered at tile orchard.
So the one who raised the peaches
received $1,000 Tor his crop-a
good price; the speculator $1,000
for a few hours work, and the one
who now has possession ofthe crop
will realize $4,000 or $4,000 prof,
it. Pretty good business that
But had the farmer taken the pa
pers, he would have received in all
probability, $4,000 instead Of 1000
for his crop.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14
Steel Pens.

The following interesting particu
lars are condensed from the, London
Morning Chrouicle;-Steel pens are
almost entirely manufactured by wo-
men and young girls; and.it is prob
able that out of the 1000 persons
or upwards now engaged in the bus
Iiness, not above 100 or $50 are Of
the male sex. The manufacture Of
Ipen-holders, and that of pen-boxes,
give employment to an additional
number Of women and children, va
riously estimated at from 200 to 400
| persons. About the year 1920 or
1921, the first gross Of "three slit
steel pens were sold, wholesale, at
the rate of 5e7 As. the gross. In
1880 they had fallen to S., and in
1882 to 6s. the gross. A better ar
ticle is now sold at Cd. per gross.
One factory alone in Birmingham
produces them at the rate of no less
than 10000 gross, or 6,760,0O0 in a
week-very nearly a million or $780,
1000 per working day, or 2S9,52S,-
900 per annum. At the very low
est calculation, Birmingham produces
1000 millions per annum. The
cheapest pens are sold as low as I'd.
per gross, wholesale; and the price
rises with the elasticity and finish of
the pen,up to IS. Cd. and is. per gross.
Birmingham produces them all, and
one establishment has the distinctive
mar ks of 500 different dealers in all
parts Of the country, as well as on
the continent of Europe and America,
for whom he manufactures according
to order. The sheets of steel, re-
ceived from Shef1ie Id, are reduced to
the requisite tenuity by successive
tranBits through the rolling-milI op-
erations, tended by men and boys.
Whe n reduced to the thinness Of a
steel pen, length about 2 feet, breadth
q to 3 inches, the sheets are ready
for punching out the blanks. The
process is performed with great rapid
ity-7one girl, Of average industry
and dexterity, being able to punch
out about 100 gross a day. The
next operation is to place the blank
in concaye die, on which a slight
touch from convex punch produces
the requisite shape, that of the-semi-
tube. The Sits and apertures to IN
crease the elasticity, and the makers
or yendel's name or mark, are pro-
duced by asimilar tool. Previously,
however, the pen undergoes a variety
of other processes, When complete
all but the slit, it is soft and pliable
aud may be bent or twisted in the
hand like a piece of thin lead. Be-
ing collected IN 'fgrosses," or @great
crosses the pens are thrown into
little iron square boxes by men, and
placed IN the furnace, where they re-
main till box and pens are of a white
heat. They are then taken out, and
thrown Kissing hot into pals or tanks
Of oil, when they may be broken
like SO many waters. After drain
ing, they are made to revolve rapidly
in perforated cylinder.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14
NEW oRLnANs, Sept 20.

The steamer Brilliant yesterday
exploded her boilers at Bayou GoRla,
destroying her eabinand upper works.
Many lives were lost-names not'yet
ascertained. OF eighty deck hands
and freinen only twenty-five are
known ITO have escaped. The Brill
liant wasIbound from New Orleans to
Bayou Sara.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14

The TEE FANTEPE6 GRANT. We find
in the NeE York Express a notice
issued by the Mel kican vice consul,
in pursaaIl lee Of a leeree of. the Mex
lean Goyetnment, resembling the priv
ilege granted to Gqray in I egard 20
right of Wy ovfr the Ikthmus of
Tehuantelsac, and which privileges
have since become tie property Of
American citizen 5.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14

The Washington n ational N onu-
ment is now ninety7six feet in height,
with force Of sixty mechanics con-
stantly employed thereon. A car
drawn by steam engine frequently
conveys visitors t the top Of the
structure, from W which a beautiful
view may He enjoyed.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14

The potatoe crop is almost entire
ly destroyed throughout western New
York, and late adyices show that the
rot is almost universal in Upper Can
ada. In the Eastern part of New
York and most. of. the New England
Statessit is not only full average
but is also a very fine crop.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14
Curious PHENoMENoy-A S,io.

Curious PHENoMENoN-A S.ior-
er Of F-Qgs-Capt. Brevoor, OF
the brig Delaware, Of Philadelphia,
from Cardenas, Cuba, writes, that
while at that. port, on the 18th OF
July, during the afternoon, copi-
GUS shower of rain fell in and about
the town, after which could be
seen, hot hundreds but thousands
OF small frogs ih oil parts of the
streets, so abundant indeed that one
could scarcely walk without tramp
ing them under foot. The captain
says as the place is not subject to
that kind Of fish, he would like TO
know where they come from.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14

A notice from the Presidents oI
various insurance Companies is pub-
lished in the Philadelphia papers
They decline insuring vessels thai
carry lime either on or under deck
The frequent losses by fire caused by
lime on board Of vessels, render thi:
step absolutely imperative.
Fayetteville observer. [volume] (Fayetteville, Tenn.) 1850-1966, 1851-10-14

The emigrants arrived at Philadel-
nhia from Jaa.1, to Aug. 81, mum
Der I2,632.