Hillsdale Whig standard. (Hillsdale, Mich.) 1846-1851, 1851-08-05
The Republics Of South America.

tian Review, there is a publication from the
pen Of l.. G. Arnold, who had been an ex-
tensive traveller in South America. giving a
particular account of the South American
States. The information is highly interes
ting at this time TO the general reader, but
our limits do not permit us 10 lay the srti'
| Gle, in extent, before our readers; and we
must content ourselves with a condensed
summary Of the information he gives.
! La Plata declared her independence ol
Spain in 1916. Uruguay, which originally
belonged TO Brazil. formed one Of the prov
I inces in the confederacy of La Plata. La
s25, Brazil and La Plata went TO war for
! Uruguay. The result was the separation OF
! that province from the .confedsfacy, and the
| formation by her oran independent govern
meni, with written Constitution. Under
this Riveria was elected President 10 1920.
! Orihe succeeded Rivera in the Presidency,
and he returned TO his military command,
from which he was soon after removed for
misconduct. He then headed rebellion,
and drove Oribe from power. Oribe took
refuge in Bueuos Ayres, and Gen. Rosas
employed him TO put down the revolt. 10 La
Plata. Backed by Rosas, he entered Uru-
quay with an Argentine army, and in re-
turn drove Off Rivera; but by European
powers (the guarantors of the Independence
OF Uruguay interlered To prevent Or;be from
resuming the Presidency while sustained by
the armed force Of Rosas. In this condition
the affairs OF the State of Uruguay have re-
mained from that day TO this, with Sautez,
the Vice-Presldent under Reveria, acting as
President. and recognized as such by all for
eign powers. BY the terms OF the Cons,tu
tion no election can be held in Time of war,
and in case Of a vacancy in the Office Of
President, the Vice President continues to
discharge the duties Of President until a
successor is elected, which cannot take place
until there is peace.
The United Provinces OF La Plata, orig
lnally composed Of thirteen States, are now
practically consolidated and merged into
Buenos Ayres. This being he only State
in the coniederacy having seaport, and
commerce with other countries. II was char
eed by the other provinces was he relations
Of the coniedeiacy with foreign natiOns.-
With this controlling power, Buenos Ayres
increased in population and business, while
the other provinces were stationary or ret
regarding. la this condition OF affairs, the
people formed themselves into two parties,
on taking the name OF Federales, and the
other the Unitarios. Rssas, Governor OF
Buenos Ayres, raised his Own standard. sub
| dued the other provinces. and though still
only nomina.ly Governor OF his own prov
ince, controls all The provinces Of La PLATA
The early part Of his general administration
was severe, and marked with many cruelies,
but Iaiieri, his course has been more mild
and just, and by his frmness in opposing the
Of Ts PLATA. be Won ffegBses Inlhe affairs
says oi him:
"Refusing TO acknowledge any right on
the part Of France or England to interfere,
he has practically announced aud sustained
the famous Monroe doctrine against tue
combined forces Of the two most tormldable
mowers in Europe. The schemes OF dlp'o-
macy, the effort TO threats. and the tna' oi
a,ns have all failed TO subdue the intensely
! Ame,can which scorns 10 yield point at
the instance or Euiopcln dictauon. Dla-
nlouacy he has met with lis Owu weapons.
| Talleyrand himself might be at fault before
! the ability and the cunuug OF Roses 10
] ,o,ce he was opposed force with varied sue
cess. although he guerilla warfare OF Son'n
! America is no match tor the discipline sol
! diery Of Euroue. But Rosas knows well
enough that the nature OF the county ana
the vas, expense OF maintaining large army
al so gtate distance from home, are Ger
| tain guaraRtees sgainst serious inVaslou'-
( Threats and actual blockade are rather ridl'
cnled than treated by the people, whose
quiet perseverance, has already worn out many
a blockading squadron. The moral courage
displayed by Rosas in this protIacted fes's
tance TO fGteign eocrOachmeni, IN tue ldC'
or so formidable coalition, challenges ou
administration, and would secure our to
speci. could we dIvesl our MODS ol the re
nembrance of scenes which bespeak the fe
rocious spirit Of his government
Paraguay has been an independent Stat
for maoy wears. though B 'azil has alone ac
knowledged her ndepndance. She was or
icinaly one ofihe Argentine confederation
and is still claimed by Buenos Ayres, as on
Of the confederate States, subject to he
control; and Rusas mp 20 THIS u'ne, hS
managed to preveu; France. England OF ~
ULited States from recognizing her soVe'
eighty. The PRINCIPAL products OF Pari
quay are the Yefba, one variety OF iex
which tea is made, and a delicate Mod oi tc
bacco. Lopez is President, and the polio
of his government resembles the Japanese
exclusiyeness aud non-intercourse with OIL
er nations. Rosss might reduce Paragua
TO her former allegiance. but she owns ~
Independence to her insiguificancc, aud III
isolated position
Adjoining Paraguay, on the nor'h-wes
lies Bolipid which embraces large exte'
Of torrtory 10 the interior OF South Ame
ica. aud limited seacoast. she mas
good harbor, and but one small port OF ''''
consequence. She is approached thrOug
. an extensive aud fearful desert, and aero
D stupendous mountains. She has sever
y large rivers, emptying into the Parau
70 which afford an outlet for her production
>. These are aromatic herbs, flowers, COTE
er silver and gold. Her exports are man main
I to The Peruvian port Of Africa, or TO Cobl
f. twelve days journey across the desert fff
as Potosi. Large conveys from The cent
,s provinces avail themselves Of the rout
,y Matte Crosse. on The frontier of Brazil
er Her exports arc veiy limited Bolivia mis
as have been a prosperous republic out |
,i. fierce contest ofrwsl chiefs for power h'
as continually involved her 10 civil wars, sac
h. feed her commerce, aud reuuced her IN =
re ltioal importance To the loves, grade
an States.
: Chill has been one Of the most success
-. ~ tho Santh Ameucan States This is