Polynesian. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu], Hawaii) 1844-1864, 1851-11-08

| the dead wood and suckers, with here and there
a struggling branch that has already horne and
seems incapable ofbeing ofany further service. In
rich soils and places where the growth is exul,e-
rant the tree will require different treatment.
1t would he impossible TO give directions to ena-
hle person unacquanted with the habits of the
tree to become an expert pruner, for which a
considerable amount Of experience is absolutely
necessary. shall therefore content myself with
laying down few short rules to give a general
ilea as to what wood is to he cut and what left.
Ii must he horne in mind that the object Of
pruning is three fold viz. namely to remove all
the superhnous and useless wood, to stimulate
the tree by cutting TO throw out new supply of
young wool, and to admit the light and cause a
free circulation of air throughout the tree. All
wood then should be cut away which grows with
IN six inches of the stem, well as that which
shoots out in cross direction lying over the
irregulariiy. Especially should he removed that
wood which has done its work, and hangs about
the tree long, Struggling and weak, with only two
large leaves at the end Of The branch.
| There is another branch to which the trees
become subject after they have arrived ut matn-
rfy and which should he cut out at the socket
bef"re it becomes too large it is called by the
French planters sla branche gourinande'' and
from them English coffee planters have given it
The name of ''the gorman,lizer - it is produced
on young plants by improper pruning or careless
cutting, breaking Of the primary bran
ches, which as have hefnre observed, when
once destroyed. are never reproduced the gor
rnan'izer also, according to the best authorities,
naturally makes its appearance on old and worn
fields; it is Of the sucker tribe hut horizontal in
stead of vertical and projects far beyond the
of the trees it is not inaptly named it rols the
tree of most Of its aliment and causes it to be-
come weakly and barren.
Great care should he taken that too free use be
not made Of the pruning knife, and that it is not
put into the han,is of careless or ignorant per-
sons; should this caution not he attended to the
consequence might he most disastrous. Once for
all, none Of the primaries nor any young nor
healthy wood should on any account he removed.
possible after the crop has been secured, and
should be finished before The first Llossoning.
When the berries are thoroughly ripe, crop
commences, and on extensive plantation
large number Of additional hands. principally
women. can he advaniageously employed. The
method of collecting the produce is by hand
earh picker takes space between two rows of
trees and picks on each side of him as he goes
along; he carries small calaba<h or bng kept
open at the mouth, which as fast rs filled he
empties into larger one ut small distance
when this larger one is filled it is carried TO the
works AMI empried into hopper above the pulp
ing MILL A digent picker, when ripe coffee is
plentiful, will frequently gaherfnur bushels equal
to about forty pounds of cured coffee per day.
have found women to be more expert pickers
than men.
When there is a suficiency of coffee in the
hopper the mill is put in operation and the ber-
ries are separated from the hus or skins !: this
operation is easily effected Iiy passing the coffee
between n heavy cylinder covered with roughen-
ed copper or other metal on which stream
of water is kept continually running, and a bnr
of wool, linesl with metal, wedged so close to
the cylinder to just admit the berries these
being thus subjected to heavy pressure are de-
prived of their hull the greater part Of which is
carried by the roughened surface of the roller be-
tween itself and another bar of wood set so close
to il "a not to admit The berries which now ap-
pear in their parchment covering which latter is
enveIoped in n sort oG gunmy mucilage. The
broken hulls are thus discharged Mt one end of
The mill while the coffee falls a sieve which is
set in motion with the rest Of the machinery and
thus separates, from the few huII> that escape be-
ing carried away between the cylinder and second
crosshar. No coffee should he kept in the hull
longer than one night, for if kept any length Of
time the hull becomes tough and Ieathery and
exceedingly difficult to he removed.
The coffee is next soaked in water for twenty
four hours for the purpose Of removing the gum
my matter in which il is enveloped, two wnter-
tight stone tanks, each sufficiently large 10 con-
tain days grinding or pulping, will he found
sufficient for this purpose. should recommend
them to be built about eight feet square three
feet deep and with shelving bottom. After the
soaking it is to be repeatedly washed to render
it perfectly clean; it Is then fhinly sp6nd on the
terraces to dry these should he built gradually
sopns from the centres TO the sides to allow the |
moisture to drain of; they should also be furnish
ell with wafer-tight receptacles in their centres
IN which the partially dry coffee is thrown in the
event of shower and At night. The surface ofshe
terraces is made even either Ly being tagged
with Stone slabs, or covered with cement :care
shoaId be taken At tie commencement Of cropl