The primitive Republican. (Columbus, Miss.) 18??-1852, 1851-06-19

ncV position IS iopo se South. conina
I'm eouaie With tie ultra 81 tie North
4infams tho two aesUse ilccoansfy.
tie pslp suisy d tba aion. depended mon
an adjustment of Gle matter eenuectea
also With 'is alioetand natu u grosing
lout of il vas Che admission d California IN.
to the Union and the settlementof the Tex
as boundary line. The South also complain.
ed and they had just reason Of complaint
that Congress bad failed BY adequate laws, b
carry ont a plain and explicit clause Of The
federal constitution requiring that slaves esl
Gaping from one State into another, should
lbedeliyered up to the master or owner. And
Iincidenttoall these questions, arose the oues-
ltion OF abolishing the slave trade in tue Dis
Itriet Of Columbia. These varied and vezed
/ Questions had assumed such Importance and
had produced such excitement during Gle scs.
sion Of Congress Of 1849 and 50, that an
who felt an interest in the existence Of the
federal government determined, if possible.
that they should be settled. Hence the pas
sage of the adjustment bills. We must here
be permitted to state fact for the purpose of
indicating the correctness Of the remark
heretofore made in relation to the historr n
parties 1t is this, that the adjustment bills
were sustained by majority Of southern
votes. The reason is obvious, those of the
South who occupied the southern ground, that
Congress had no power to legisIate upon the
subject Of slavery in the. territories and who
we're yet in a majorityih the South, had no
difficulty in voting for the plan of adjust
ment, for that plan fully sustained the posi-
ton for which they had always contended.
to-wit: non-iaterrention by Congress, whilst
the new lights of the South who had taken
the other extreme of the Wilmot proviso.
edagainst the adjustmentmeasures. TIE
majority of the North who had so strenuous
II advocated the doctrines of the Wilrnot pro
viso, finding those doctrines rejected BY the
adjustment bills used all their influence aud
power to defeat them, leaving alone the con
servatives Of the North, whose object was to
preserve the constitution, IT, supporters Of
those bills, and by these means, uniting the
ultras of both North and South in opposition
to these measures. We have thus far, at
tempted to place before our readers true
and correct history of parties on these excl
ting topics and we must still crave their III
diligence
Before ne proceed to answer the question
propounded in our first number as to ,cAat
Is the issue' upon which parties are forming
in Mississippi at this time, We must exam
inc briefly the principles of the adjustment
measures, in reference both to their eonsti-
nationality and violation Of the principles
heretofore advocated by the South in coanex-
ion with them. The adjustment measures
may be stated under five different heads viz:
Tue admission Of California as one Of the
States Of this Union; The establishment Of
territorial governments in Utah ana New
Mexico; The settlement Of the Texas boun-
dairy line; The fugitive slave bin; and tie
prohibition of the slave trade IN the District
Of Columbia We shall discuss them in tie
order herein presented.
First then in relation 70 the admission Of
California, and first in reference to a violation
Iof the constitution SO often declared by the
stump speakers Of the present day.
Al dat can be found lin the Constituted
Of the United States in reference 70 the ad-
mission Of new States into the Union IS in
these words:
AR. IV.-SEc. 8. "Now States may lie
admitted BY the Congress into this Union;
but no new State shall be formed or erected
within the jurisdiction Of any o,her State;
nor any State be formed by the junction Of
two more States, or parts of States, with
out the consent of the Legislatures Of the
z States concerned, as well as of the Con
( gress."
And in the 4th Section, same Article, We
have these words:
"The United States shall guarantee ev-
cry State in this Union a republican form
{ Of government; and shall protect each Of
Z them against invasion; and on application
Of the Legislature, or of the Executive
(when the Legislature cannot be convened
{ against domestic violence.
The two clauses embrace everything in the
federal constitution in relation to the adnlis-
sion o., new States, either direct or indirect,
express orimplied It viii be perceived
then, there are but three restriction to the
admission of new States and even two Of
these may beremotcd by the consent Of Con
gress and the State Legislatures concerned,
viz: the formation Of anew State within the
limits of an existing State, the formation Of
new State out Of two or more existing
States or parts thereof, and the characterd
the government presented by the new State
applying for ADMISSION. The question then
arises, has California come within any of tbe
above restrictions? IF she has not, it Is en-
dent, teanyhonest enquirer after truth, that.
the constitutiouof the United States has net .