New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-10-25
GERMANY.

on the Continent of Europe has closed. Inc
"powers that were before the hurricane OF l9i9'
are again +" the powers that be- and the more
or less popular rulers of day provisional gov,
ernors. triumvirs, dictators, with their tan OF
representatives. civil commissioners, military
commissioners, projects, judges, generals OH
GERS and soldiers are thrown upon foreign shores,
and TRANSPORTED beyond the seas to England
| or America there to form new governments "
,ortibus ,nfdelipm," European committees cen
| ,ral committees national committees, ana 10
announce their advent with proclamations quite
as solemn as those of any less imaginary poten-
| tates.
more signal defeat than that undergone by
the continental revolutionary party--or ra'her
partjes-upon all points OF the line OF battle
| canno, be imagined But what Of that has
not the struggle of the British middle classes for
their social and political supremacy embraced
| fortv.eipht that OF the French middle classes
forty wears of unexampled struggles And was
! tbeir triumph ever nearer than az the very mo-
ment when restored monarchy thought Itself
more firmly settled than ever The times OF that
superstition which attributed revolutions 10 the
| ll.wil OF a few agitators, have long passed
away Every one knows now -a-days, that where
! ever there is o revolutionary CONFUSION, there
mus, be some social want in the background,
which Is prevented by outworn institutions from
satisfying itself The want may not yet be felt
as strongly, as generally, as might insure imme-
date success but every attempt az tOrclble re-
preston will only bring 1t forth stronger and
stronger until it bursts Its letters If, then, we
| have been beaten, we have nothing else TO do
but to begin again from the beginning. And fortu-
nately, the probably very short interval OF rest
which is allowed us betweenthe close OF the frst
| and the beginning of the second act OF the move
ment. gives US time for very necessary piece
of work the study ofthe causes that ssitated
both the late outbreak, and It's defeat, causes
that are not to be sought for IN the accidental
efforts. talents, faults, errors or treacheres oil
some of the leaders but in the general social state
and conditions OF existence OF each OF the convul-
sed nations That the sudden movements OF Feb
mary and March, 1913, were not the work OF
single individuals. but spontaneous, irresistible
manifestations of national wants and necessities,
| more or less clearly understood, but very dis
tinctly felt by numerous classes in every coun-
try, is fact recognized every where. but
when ouinquire into the causes of the counter
revolutionary successes there you are met on
every hand with the ready reply tina, it was MI.
This OF Citizen That, who betrayed the PEG
| pie Which reply may be very true, not
cording to circumstances, but under no circum-
stances does it explain anything-not even show
how il came to pass that the people allowed
themselves to be thus betrayed. And what
poor chance stands political party whose entire
stock IN trade consists in knowledge of the
solitary fact that Citizen So-and-so is not to be
t,usted
The inquiry into and the exposition Of the
causes both of the revolutionary convulsion and
its suppression, are, besides, of paramount i'm
portance IN historical point OF view. All these
petty personal quarrels and recrlmnatons-all
these contradictory assertions, that it was Mar
rast or Ledru Rollin. or Louis Blanc, or any other
member OF the Provisional Government or the
whole of them, that steered the revolution
amidst the rocks upon which 10 foundered--oi
what interest can they be, what light can they
afford TO the American or Enghshman, who Ob
served all these various movements from
distance too great to allow of his distinguishing
any OF the details OF operations No man In his
senses will ever believe that eleven men, mostly
of very indifferent capacity, either for good or
evil, were able in three months TO ruin nation
of thirty.sx millions. unless those thrty-sx
millions saw as little OF their way before them
as the eleven did But how 1t came to pass that
these thirty-six millions were at once called
upon 10 decide for themselves which way to 60
slt Darfly IN dim twill and
how then they got lost and their old leaders
were for a moment allowed to return 10 their
leadership, that IS JUS, the question.
II, then, we try TO lay before the readers of Tie
Tribune the causes which, while they necessi
lated the German Revolution of lsiS, led quite
as inevitably 20 its monetary repression in
1919 and so, We shall not be expected to give
complete history of the events as they passed IN
that country. Later events, and the Judgment
OF coming generations, will decide what portion
Of that confused mass OF seemingly accidental,
mcoherent and incongmous facts is 10 form
part OF the worlds history. The time for such
task has not yet arrived we mus, contine our
selves 10 the limits OF the possible and be salts
hed, If We can find rational causes, based upon.
undeniable facts, TO explain the chief events the
principal vlcissi;udes of that movement, and to
give US a clue as to the direction which the mex,
and perhaps not very distant outbreak viii I'M
paIt TO the German people
And firstly, wha; was the state OF Germany at
the outbreak of the revolution
The composition If the diferen, classes Of
the people which form The groundwork of every
political organization was, IN Germany, more
cCmpliCsied than in any other country While ~
England and France teudalism was entirely de-
s,royed. OF ., least reduced, a. In the former
country, to a few ,nslsnfcan, forms, BY pow
er'ul and wealthy middle class. concentrated In
iarce towns and nartlcuarlY W the Canltal. the