The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-04-29

sequent smicsbo PcIPotuiy u 'no UNIV" Us ohne0'eu
Among other ,hnsr. the constitution had decared-sn
Gle h. con 3din these words, That mo person held
10 service 0. labor in State under the laws thereof
gaping into another shall in consequence OF any Ia" OF
nlaon therein, be discharged rom uch serves OF IA
boz but shall be delivered up caim 81 ue parry 20
whom such service or labor may be due Ia the oPhon
the wisest the adoption OF The ooa
luton and perpetua,e the Union But our iahes mo"sn
aud ourselves have voluntarily taken and retained 10
this the constitution with this clause IN 4 and
by legislation and much less by force, without mn
dey 10 our duties and our oaths.
Even earlier than dis ptoviton and IN the ordinance o.
1857. which 50 celebrated Tor ab9shlns slavery WITHIN
lives from labor To other portions OF the Union
deserves special notice that The principle involved IN
have Win Nathan Dane the repa,ed auhol OF
that ordinances New England man, and Toe 70 slavery
our fathers did establish involuntary servtudc As We
have had Tor several generations been eslab-
shed by others Nor did they undertake 10 regulate
tho internal institutions OF each other by interference,
founded their abstract notions Of what was equal
rieh, but left each Stae in its due soveregntsas
they and must-ihe regulation OF its own domestic
concerns without setng al all the grounds Tor or against
eoodon They merely allowed il 10 be reurned whence
and, the ordinance Of 1857 had done before,
gave deliver for that purpose IL ~ 10
cauy this plain constitutional duy-ths provision
which aud our fathers acceded to, aud have sworn 10
uiha he acts OF Congress were since passed which
assaed Of late by such severe censu'e and which some
q The eo%m"uy IN his een mos. ;., @ have
able violence. But how hue ground exists Tor harsh or IN,
az. o. % bv 1 ee and 81
the ministers Of tho law, while executing them, Is very
manifest from the whole history OF the past to which we
hs ne Just adverted ~
Without entering into the question Of sbs.rac. reh,. bu.
his class q persons done through parts the
and soemny engaging rs we have TO aid us
feelings OF ali lead them do, without constitutional
gageents and oaths, other epefy that is, TO aid
e.eape ins our boundaries And i that properly
the service OF white minor ch,ld or ohe apPren
ha pl-sai in aUdTiU 10
assist in its recovery. both The South and the North
when appealed by kindred blood and kindred union
Of the future, and the common triumph and Rio
These reciprocal duto. must also be by deeds
as well as words-boldy, faithully-wh true loyalty TO
the Unon, and not with evasion or procfa atom ror II
the promise XXI ony 2 me ear ana ae ns
can stand erect as moral honest and manly people,
benefits OF that constitution will be con-
tnued TO ourselves in other Icspecs-o numerous
privileges under il as 10 our commerce and rights abroad
1t is due 10 the occasion and an act justice those
who supposed bs under erroneous Impressions on
This sobisc consider beside the pejndces against it..
some OF leading Qualifications which have been set up
tumuit and violence against The execution Of
the constitution and concerning fugtives from labor
who resist these provisions attemptto excuse them
selves under dangerous assumption In all cases Tor
not aware that they have by any
Judicial tnbnna,he final arbiier on most such questions
Nor do propose on this occasion, parties in in
eIe are be lore me- to question Beside this
Sufficient, and have doubt satisfactory, Ine exists
.lready Tor your guide upon it, The Supreme Court and
me courts OF seve al Of the States after I'LL Argument be
parties have held The act OF 793 10 be
of latter since the act OF 1850 have
held the same concerning this and it is wrse,ted
principle, that all laws are ~ courts and luties TO be
pre- suted aud treated constitutional TIL the contrary IS
shown is aujadged by the Judiciary. We could not
transact business single day without such principle
You have them PLAN rule this topic for your inqui-
res and decisions leaving all excep Ibis ground
hereafter all parties IN interest Tor urher al Gu Sion ad
adjudication where they may come before the courts ior
trial Another objection ugeu against them Is that they
Sou I,ra sSa n o these may pe dreR dea
Blu, if these allegations TO their strange or
unpopular character, the inference 4, them usying
lore Ue resistance, Is neither legal nor delensibie.
The chief exception under this head Is that AT the hear
ing send fugitive trial by jury bad Bat the
acts forbid is the ai Tor the escape or
for any rights CONNECTED with H. required, 10y The law, 10
he jury but may be with one, wherever and
whenever IN nike is provided by the consilu,
tion or The com IN Ills Iet by the practice under
be the place where the escape or offence
the summary nearing send back there escaped
has without jury al that hearing since the htst
records OF he common law, and probably Ia every civil
government OF the known world The acts OF CJng'ess
TO- il wrong IN any respect, are open 10 any proper nodi
location ils or oher points but there - no'hng strange
unusual IN them as tney now stand And on Tue states
allowing them, however unpopular In sone places and
however open future amendment to be executed sue
cesstuy while the laws remain IN oIce, depend IN my
Union it has created. Public opinion, majority in
large regions may have become poisoned SO as to
stuuon and laws the subject II sowhch Is not to be
believed m demonstrated by resuitsit VIII be dil'eLl II
tnrou aud ien the Union viii probably long
and all the horrors Of its dissolution must burst on
our astonlsled gaze
Bu il the be yet only that of small minority
sesspg such viswf most OF those who think badly OF
think badly OF violent resistanceii majority
offer focible opposition II being so rash and
the whole oil lnstltutiobs, ana 10 the
reign any and constitutions subJec to
permit oppos by others go unpnnisned there
hope lett Tho republic will be saved. There sil
be by unfortunate acts oil STATE Asaton
is hoped not fatal errors
II is due TO the present States TO that
ce be them Tor desiring the limitation
and Of slavery. Bat when carrying these
WISHES effect by legislation Tar as regards
heir the difficulty has been for them to actony
within rightiu powers and In conflict with
spirit their duties the other States The general
eminent, and Union for IL iegislatDg pro
station lowing dnties AS Is often If not always The
case, general government as well Inc STATED RON
assisting process for the restoration OF fugyes
II would transcend all law full measures in Principle The
OF the existing seems to
they intend punish State officers only
acting ssth Desr and not czsns, else they
would unha ppiy IN direct collision with other
acts oi Congress- and cirzens relying on
them and re fusing aid, wou fud themselves most
perons position Mistakes this subj sometimes arise
from d. nguhing that State officer, Who holds his
the State, and is accountable TO it, may
obliged perform Official duties for the
government, from which he holds com mission whereas
citizen and officer citzen, owes ailes and du
both governments and neither exoncraie him
from what is due ths other but when each commands
the acquisitions Of the general government highest
Indeed in oden tunes, the STRAIGHTFORWARD
OF fste IL Is believed, every State in
New England imp ,sed oath every officer which is
KEN fulfilled by .ome, support the cons-
tuition and the Union.
believe therefore, that the legislative officers of
State have WHARF been forgefn
ing in lrsterua Union only, by iegisiston to
its prisons for purposes to punish
fOr