The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-01-23

him than he could repeat. He rose to state a sin
gle fact and drawing few differences which
Cured to him. On this day twenty-five years
ago, you, sir, addressing Mr.. Clay,) sat in that
chair in neighboring hail. and had the honor
to address You on the subject Of colonization. You
did every thing in the high places of the land to
give success to the cause. In my humble sphere
have been watching you. If have come from a
neighboring town, as did twenty five years ago,
it has been to congratulate the Society that its
President still lives to encourage [Applause.
| At that time how many pointed at the finger Of
scorn and derison Mt feeble efforts. What has
been done in the in,'rval' Six or seven hundred
colonists are but drop Ia the bucket, and five
| six colonies on the st like a drop in Lake
Erie, compared with the great object. call atten-
| ton to the great truth that two must ever
exist; and that being tie truth, what follows?
What does all history tell us' That two races
who live in the same land must be in the relation
OF master and slave, or the oppressor and the OPP
pressed. Colonization IL IA utterly incompetent to
transport all the colored population the effort
adle out the lakes with Kitchen utensil. Our ef-
fort is to present to the free African similar induce
ments in Africa which country offers to the
white man Of Europe. Foreigners come hther to
better their condition They come from a class in
ferior to that which is To leave shores. As
lored man said he can be no more here than clever
| negro" Where the white European has one reason
| to Come here, the black man has ten to emigrate.
| Ten years ago no white men employed
stevedores on Fells Point, Baltimore, and there
| were no white laborers in the coal yards. could
| not then get white man TO work for at
my country residence, but can now. 1t is in the
nature of things and history, the free blacks must
| go from our midst. In Maryland we appropriated
100000, large sum for little State, not for the
general cause ofcolonizaton, but for the purpose Of
| purchasing territory in Africa to which emigrants
| from Maryland could go when circumstances
| obliged them to leave the State. When MARYLAND
could not pay interest her public debt. she never
| broke her faith with the negro, but $4,000 were
paid when the day OF payment came. He spoke
OF the agitation OF the slavery question, and passed
to the subject of commerce with Africa. angle
house In Salem has twenty vessels engaged in the
trade, and houses in England are engaged in sup
plying the people there with the fashions. The
| other day he picked up bundle for Africa, and
| on looking into it discovered that it contained
satin stripes for the African market. Laughter
The African was initiative the first thing he did
was to his body with clothing and his feet with
shoes; and there were feet enough in that quarter
ofthe globe to keep the apstones of New England
did not wish to commit himself on The ssbiee Of the
tariff nor to discuss ad Ualorem specific duties
But the colonists of Cape Palmas wanted means 10
support themselves and they were given tariff on
the al pai0rem system. We at first had taken the
| foreign valuation, and then the home valuation
| We had a controversy, and the Governor wrote
home that if we kept up the ad paIorems there would
not be an honest man in the colony. Laughter. ]
| But this was but bee in the hive. What
did we do to quiet the colony? We put a duty
| of twelve and half cents on a musket, and
ad valorems into specifics. All has been quiet ever
since Laughter He did not, he repeated,
commit himself to the tariff controversy. We
hear much talk about the balance of trade In the
halls OF Congress, one says Sage is right, and the
other that Ricardo ia right; and gentlemen oppose
ono another for days about the balance of trade.
When we established colony had no ex-
ports and we sent out $500 in email silver pieces
Tor change; brig, along with a cargo Of silks,
stocking 6, and London porter, and in day after
the silver arrived there was none Of it left. The
result was we had to resort to paper; and to make
the natives understand it, placed on five cent
/ piece a head of tobacco; the ten cent piece a
chicken [laughter;l on the twenty-five cent piece
a duck; on the fifty cent pieces two ducks,
renewed laughter,l and on the dollar piece
a goat (Laughter.] It looked respecta-
pie as any paper money circulating in this Dis
trict, GLanghter.l We found plenty of specie
when we exported more than we imported.
The balance OF trade in our favor brought
the silver. There much trade now
between the United States and Africa as there
this country had been settled the same length Of
time The line Of steamers proposed by the gen.
tlcman from Tennessee Mr. Stanton) would DO
bridge of boats, and over it crowd would go more
glorious than the exodus of the Jews; and at their
head the banner of the There will be at that
day prophecies, like Miriam of old, to sing
.'Sound loud the trumpet DER mountain and sea,
Jehovah has triumphcd-the people are free"
The success ia to be the result of circumstances,
that two cannot exist in any relation but the
oppressor and the oppressed. All have yet to
do is to make Africa attractive, that the colored
people OF this country may emigrate thithcr to
| joy uic Boou tnuR5 Oh inc WOFlQ, ana freedom.
That the time would come he had no doubt.
The resolution offered by the Rev. DR.. Fuller was
agreed to,
The Hon. F. p STANTON, of Tennessee. being
called for and said that he did not know that
1T was necessary TO call the audience together to-
morrow night to listen to any thing which he would
say. He would not impose them the necessity for
| such an endurance. [Cries of"Go on!''l He had
intended to offer proposition, limited in its char
actcr, to elucidate which he had designed to devote
few moments: He could say with the gentleman
who had precede him, that he would rather be a
listener than speaker. 1t was not certain that he
should have an opportunity TO speak in the House
of Representatives, on subject to which reference
had been made, owing to the nature of the rules of
that body, and which would have been inconve..
nient to the gentleman himself. 1t was unneces-
sary for him to add any thing, if he could, to the
general reflections on the subject which had been
80 eloquenty delivered here to- night and therefore
he should abstain from trespassing the attention
Of the audience. He should withhold the PROPOSE
ton which he intended to offer. Voices: "Lets
| have it'll
! What he had intended to submit was resolu-
tion-tbat the harmony Of the States of this Union
| would be promoted by the voluntary emigration
of free blacks and ii would be sound policy on the
part Of the Government to adopt all efficient mea-
| sures within the range of acknowledged power for
the encouragement of African colonization.
In speaking of this, he had intended some refec
tons the first part of the proposition. The harmo
ny of the States the peace Of the Union, and its per-
petuity would be promoted by the object which
the Society has been endeavoring to carry out for
|
itself with the great questions OF policy and sec
tional disputes which have agitated this country
for some years, and hardly yet ceased to operate
| on its peace and prosperity.
He had said that the proposition was somewhat
circumscribed, and he intended to confine himself
particularly apd exclusively to the effect tho
subject which seemed TO haye operated the
minds OF statesmen and the country. the surren-
der of fugitive slaves and the Constitution which
requires this at the hands of the people Of this Con-
federacy 1t is the existence of a large number of
| free blacks which the excitement among
the slaves in the extreme southern States, which
| has rendered them unhappy, and excites them to
| escape, and to commit numberless crimes in the
| country where they are located.
He intended to show, further that they are not
| only the means of exciting slaves to escape, but
| that they afford the means of concealment which
would not exist TO the extent if the free ne
| groes were fewer.
| He had intended to show that il was chiefly the
| population Of free blacks in the free States who
| commit violations of law which has produced 90
much excitement recently in the attempts to RES