New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-05-01
COLONIZATION OF AMERICA
Interesting Proceedings Of the American
Pathological Society.
IN ANTE-HISTORIC TINES
rcoueluss4 from ys.,srssy's paper

=.
Fnrone hardening on the Ocean, as lar NORTH
a. he Polar Zone, were acquainted Win
hTonze Many things 60 TO sho" that among
the Altai Mountains, so rch IN metals, tue
6rst bronze was made, and that rom tnere
r. was brought with the migrating nations TO
the West For there, in the earliest times,
the most extensive mining operations were
carried on and ia the graves and abandoned
works Of that region, utensils Of the most varlei
description have been found made Of the haest
hardened bronze~ From there this orooze, 20
gether with the other products OF the siberian
mines tberyllus, smaragcus Scythlcos, 6c.,) vas
carried westward along with the people as tney
MIGRATED 10 Europe. The Assssgete, who, &C
cordipg 10 Jacob Grimm, l9eschlhte der deutschen
gpracbel are Identical with the Cloths who after
wards made their appearance on the Danube hs1
corselets, lances, arrows, and batte-axes OF
bronze 81 In various parts of Germany, widely
separated from each other, utensils for casting ar
ticles OF bronze have been discovered" 1t now
we consider that the population OF Northern ana
Central Europe immigrated 70 the North OF Tue
Caucasus from those regions In which bronze was
frat produced, or from countries situated very
near the place of its production, we VIII hnd II
more reasonable 10 assume that the broDze-work-
ers of Central Germany brought their art win
them AZ the period OF the immigration OF tneu
people, than that they learnt It from tne I ho'nl
clans, who can hardly have penetrated BEYOND
the coast 10 any distance into the interior Oh tne
mons long before the days Of Msrius and Janus
Cesar. This supposison receives confirmation
from the fact that the my sterous implement cAleo
celt" "hache gauoise "palstsh, oattle
ohsel," &c 90 is found chiefly in the countries OF
Central and Northern Europe for which reason
1t is plainly to be regarded as production pec9-
liar 10 those regions. and consequently as evl.
dence of a native, original branch OF industry o
That along with these native productions In
bronze more finely wrought articles in the same
metal, Of classical origin, should have been intro
duced, as we have assumed above. need appear
no more surprising than the fact that good deal OF
English cutlery IL now sold in Germany along
with the many useful articles Of native manufac-
ture In the absence then of any welghty argu-
uent to the contrary, we are justified 10 assuming
that long before the arrival Of the PhUnicians the
jewellers about the German Ocean and the Baltic
were acquainted with bronze. Accordingly the
immigration of the people TO whom bronze was
as vet unknown, must be referred back to an in
definite period, reaching at least 70 over 200
years before the birth Of Christ
Respecting the cause which produced this emf
grafton TO America | have but few conIectures
to offer, and 10 these no great value WILL probably
be attached Ii can scarcely be doubted that
people who in both hemispheres successfully
raised such prodigious earthwOrks, cannot have
been in Europe a mere pastoral hunting, or hsh-
ing people, but must have been as they after
ward were in America population VINO prec-
ticed the art OF agriculture Such works can be
erected only during long continued abode In the
place where they are situated and the motive
Tor erecting them must have been the protection
of territory which it would have been severe
loss TO resign. Consequently the builders of these
works must have been sgricultursts. But peo'
pie who practice the art Of agriculture do not quit
their home without a pressing necessity, least Of
all by the tedious and perilous route OF the ocean.
This necessity cannot have been produced by any
accidents of the elements for man braves the ele
ments on land with great endurance, and least OF
all would he betake himself to the sea in order TO
escape from storms or floods, which only partially
ssssil the land. Revolutions of the earth since
the construction Of the graves in Central Europe
have certainly not taken place. Ii is, therefore,
only war with people pressing upon them that
can have produced the necessity for emigrating to
America. Perhaps we would not err were we to
assume that the people with bronze weapons, az
the superior one, conquered the people with stone
weapons and forced them to emigrate. We may
form some idea of how this took place, If We as
sumo that the Aborigines were gradually driven
by their enemies from the Continent To the British
Islands and from there 10 the smaller islands con.
staptly further to the West; and that probably
only the moro pow erful aud wealthy Of the Abo-
rhymes together with their followers, retreated
md emigrated rather than become the vRsssls Of
the new corners After the expulsion Of the
princes, the new Corners took possession OF the
land and Of those subjects OF the expelled who
had not emigrated; while those who had thus been
driven from their former homes got FOR themselves
anew country and new subjects in America We
would thus have an explanation Of the fact that,
while relics Of the stOne.weapOn people remain in
Europe, stone weapons also occur in the graves
along with those Of bronze. Thus we are not
compelled to attribute stone weapons aud
bronze weapons to one and the same PEG
pie; although it may be admitted that in
consequence of the greater value of bronze,
Ia Europe the poorer individuals of the bronze
weapon people may have had recourse to stone
implements, the use Of which they may have
adopted from the Aborigines.
To complete the proof OF the foreign origin OF the
American antiquities, il would be necessary to
show that they cannot be ascribed 10 any print
tive American people To carry outthis proofs for
me impossible, in consequence OF the utter lack oil
materials But l may be allowed to say that they
cannot be attributed 10 the savage red men of the
present day; because these as far as | know,
have not erected or used any such structures; and
they certainly stand at lower point in the social
scale than the builders ofthe ancient earth.works,
If we deduct the results Of modern European cul-
ture.
Dissertations on The Memoir Of DR., lester
mann, relating to the Colonization Of
America in Prehistoric Times. By
T.. q. SQUIER.
The hypothesis Of the Discovery of America by
adventures from the North Of Europe prior t. the
epoch Of Columbus, has found many and able sup
porters among the learned men OF both the Old
and New w orlds and il has now come to be gen.
orally admitted that the Mortimer, subsequent TO
the discovery and partial colonization of Green
land in the Nth Century, penetrated to the Amer.
lean continent somewhere upon the coast OF Lab
rador. The evidences upon this point, draw from
Ssgas which have all the simplicity and directness
OF truth, seem conclusive, and probably will not Be
called In question. But il has been claimed fur.
Their that these adventursrs CORsted along ths con.
tinent as far South as Rhode Island and NSrragan-
sett Bay, and actually made temporary estab.
llshments and let traces Of their occupancy there
This claim, however, is not 80 we'll supported lt
rests upon casual expressions Of doubtful meaning
contained in the Sagas, and upon a few rude mon.
uments which are clearly referable to other eras
and origins. The evidence which has been pat
E,ru. Ia In snnnnrt II this clair. h, TIA