Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-04-12

Gen. Brsgusy THlers, would receive the sppontmsnt
The nomination Of Gen. E. gives more general satisfaction
than any that could have been made The report to
be gaining consistency that Gen. MAssAs win succeed
Gen. Hlies in the chief command of the army Of Paris
The Costtutonel that the Swiss Federal Gov
ernment the instance of its German monachcal
neghbo has resolved to expel from the territories Of the
Republic several scores of political refugees, who pur
suing there their work Of revolution the great disque and
danger of friendly Powers The refugees be conduct
3D. under close surveillance through France Hae, where
they 10 be embarked for the United States God speed
hem IT, in their homes in America, they will be
tent to securely enjoy true liberty without attempting to
dy by the introduction Of their own crude and mprac-
cable notions
French writer, OF much emnence in religious biography
and history, has been taken death from literature since my
last notice. alude ton AupIs, the bogapher Of Luther,
Calvin Leo X Henry VIII Of England and Thomas Moras,
whose lives he published in Paris between the years 1s4l
and ls49.
communication 10 the Academy Of Sciences Of Paris,
spon new system Of atmospheric railway, made by M.
Dehamps has been referred to committee, with instructions
to examine and report.
he petsnds have attained the desderaum long sought
a the employment for industrial purposes Of the power
Of atmospheric pressure, either separately combined with
hydrosac pressure The of the Able descriptive Of his
machine has been far entertained by the Academy that its
reference has been ordered M NORM, who has instructions
10 look into the matter and inform the Academy whether it
is worth while to make it the subject Of formal report
NM Wertheim and Breguet have also made to the Aca
deny Of Sciences interesting paper touching the velocity
with which sound is communicated by of iron wire
The experiments made upon the wires of the electric
telegraph established along the Versailles railroad the right
bank Of the Seine The length of between the operators
4067 2l0 metres (l3, ,344 feet The distance taken
would have been greater but the Intervention Of tunnel
through which the road passes found to present nuper
able obstacles. The wire isolated and prevented from
touching the wall Of the tunnel at any point but all to
pupos the sound could not be made to traverse the tunnel
From the distncness with which the sound produced by
blow upon the posts supporting the wire, heard, the
operators judged that but for the tunnels the sound would
have ropagated much greater distance. The per-
feet thermometers employed, and variety Of ingenious
expedn,s accuracy in the experiments and the
result reported to the Academy is that sound propagaed
over wire at the rate g. 4s5 fee per second
But perhaps the most interesting scientific experiments
lately brought to The notice of the Academy those Of NJ
eral coal. Nis known that Sir James Hail. putting fir
Dust and horn gunbae and subecting them heat
succeeded in melting this compound and converting into
sort OF coal These experiments have recently been renewed
by the gentleman above named under different conditions
and with better Instead Of gun barrels be used
glass tubes IA cenmees (5f inches in length and m-
metres (O.llsll nch) in diameter The glass should be
millmetres thick These dimensions found upon
trial to be the best adapted the glass tubes
support the degree of heat which they subjected
Cagniard Laour dispensed with horn and all other agents
to facilitate fusion and he operated not only upon h but
upon greatvaiey of other woodsbirch, poplar sycamore,
elm oak boxwood ignumvae, and the AstrOcaryun
1t is remarkable that the degree Of heat used in these
experiments superior to- indeed hardly equal To-,
that of boiling mercury, (660o The bits Of wood put
in the tube which hemeticay closed at both end and
then placed in spiral cylinder Of iron wire, for the purpose
Of being conveniently held pan of burning charcoal
this process the heating seemed tedious the tubes
plungedinto boiling mercury The application of heat
suspended the substances enclosed in the tube
observed to be melted. The result Of the experiments
artificial cos varying in character according the age
and hygromec state Of the woods employed The wood
young trees converted into gutinous coal the old
wood Of dry fbe into dry COAL But these last soaked
in water before being placed in the ube gave glunous
coal tne young Woou iustauces uIoWii
rosin very similar asphaltum The woods used in these
experiments had been, by way of preparation dried BY heat
Of 100 degrees. "Msy not be hoped" says the expert
mentor, in the conclusion Of his communication, "that
essays Of this kind suitably multiplied and varied will lead
results Of which geology may make most useful and mpo
tant application "
The Academy heard is last sitting report from distin-
gushed scientific traveller NJ. RocHEr HERcoURT, giving
account Of bis third visit Abysna from which he has
ong since returned When in Arabia he visited the
celebrated in holy writ mounts Horeb and Sinai. He
po from observations made upon the spot that St. Cahe
rne, the most elevated peak Of Mount Horeh is ATT
tres 81 feet and Mount Sinai ,97s metres 490 fe
above the level Of the The traveller reports that
he found fish from threeeghhs to seven-eghhs of inch
long living and thriving in hot springs of temperature Of
44o centigradelo 20 Fahrenheit) This fact s being
published by the Paris papers in uxaposon with the
count given by Professor Hun in the american Jour
nal of Sciences of fish restored to life after remaining
time sty frozen These curious evidences Of the cspa
city Of fish to endure extremes Of temperature.
M EsELxES the very distinguished young mineralogist,
director Of The national porcelain mandatory Of Sevrs, has
succeeded producing crystazed minerals resembling very
closely those produced by naurechefy precious and
stones employed by jewellers To obtain this result he has
dissolved in boc acid Of aum zinc, magnesa oxydes of
iron and chrome and then subecng the solution evapo
ration during three days. he has obtained crystals Of mineral
substance equsns in hardness end in beauty and clear
ness Of color the natural With chrome M. E. has