North Carolina standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1850-1852, 1851-06-07
W. F. S. ALsTc

GREENvILLE AND ROANOKE ROAD. By the report
of the proceedings of the 18th annual meeting of the
stockholders Of the Greenvlle and Roanoke Railroad
Company, held the 10th ult., we learn that H. d.
Bird was unanimously reelected President and A.
G. Meilwaine' John Bragg, B. May. Robt. Leslie,
Spencer, Thomas N. Lee, and Quin Morton, were
appointed committee to examine into the condition
of the road, depots &c. The meeting gave it their
opinion that it is of the utmost importance that the
stockholders of their Company should subscribe to
the stock of the Raleigh and CASTOR Railroad Com
pany.
Mr. Bird, the President. on behalf of the Directors
of the Greenvie and Roanoke road reports. for the
fiscal year ending the Goth of April 1851 the re-
cepts $37, 46l, and the expenses 1922, 829-making
the net income $l4 ,63l. This, with the addition Of
the surplus on hand, made the sum applicable to div
idends $l6,42l. Out of this dividend of seven and
half per centum has been declared, leaving sur
plus in hand of 81 ,42I The falling off in freights
during the year s., bat the gain in passen-
CESS 81 ,9O9-makng the net falling off in receipts
from the previous year $4,000. This decline is
mainly attributable the short crop of tobacco. Mr..
Bird states that the Petersburg Commissioners are
still soliciting subscriptions for the purpose of
building the Raleigh and CASTOR Road, but that ow
ing to the heavy demands that have of late
been made upon the people of Petersburg for other
works, the subscription list fills up slowly. Mr.. Bird
strongly urges the stockholders of the Greenve and
Roanoke Road who have not as yet subscribed to the
stock In the new company, to come forward now and
do So. Besides securing the prosperity of their own
Road, he thinks that they will be also making prof
liable investment.
The capital of the Greenve and Roanoke Road is
$4,000 The debt has been all paid off, and the
of the road reduced the amount of the capital
The Committee of Examination report the road to be
in good order, and recommend that be taken
to have the track laid down with rails, which they
think will establish the prosperity of the Road on
permanent basis. Petersburg Democrat.
How TO MAKE VINEGAR. There are many great
notions entertained among our farmers about making
vinegar The grand old plan was to put cut cider
water and molasses In cask to the sum- and expose
1t to the luminary with bottle in the bunghole.
There are still as many ideas entertained about max
ing cider there about making soft soap, and
luck is frequently held to be the umpire who decides
whether 1t will be vinegar vinegar.
The reason why cider other fluid mixtures change
their nature and become vinegar, is owing to trans
formation of the particles, and then separation of
one or more, and combination of others. The oXy-
gen of the atmosphere, although it is not now, as
once believed to be, the only acidifer, still it is
the greater one and vinegar is formed by the cider
parting with its carbonic acid gas which it cannot
do without absorbing oxygen. The reasonable
way, then, to make vinegar rapidly and surely is to
expose the cider as much possible to the atmos-
Phere. The new way, and what is supposed by many
to be patent way, to make vinegar, is to let the
cider percolate over very exposed surface. This
is the way they make it in the vinegar mandatory.
The apartment where it is made is freely exposed to
the air, and is kept at temperature of about 60 de-
grees. The cider is left to in small streams into
troughs with bottoms full of small holes; then from
that over very fine wood shavings, such soft
Piles and let these be fully exposed the air, and
resting Slated bottom made of clean bows or
athes, below which the vessel for receiving it should
be placed. Vinegar can be made from moasses and
water stalks, beet roots and many other
substances, by this process in few days. Cider,
however, makes the best vinegar Many modihca-
tons (for cheapness) Of the above plan may be re-
sorted the grand secret being the exposure of the
liquids to be changed into vinegar layers strata to
the oxygen of the atmosphere. There is not far
mer but with cask, old tub, and few shavings,
could make good vinegar in one-ffth of the period
now required by the common plans in use for that
purpose. In those vinegar factories introduced here
by Frenchmen, the plans adopted are those we have
narrated. Scientific american.