davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10
RICHMOND ENQUIRER.
--~~~-~>~~~<-~-~~~~~r>~~
MOSDAY MORNING, JUNE o, 1851
THE LYNCHBURG AFFAIR

We haze been favored with the following melancholy
tract OF letter. received by gentleman in this city, dae
Lynch5urg, June 5, ls5l:
JAS. c. SAUNDERS, JR.-A. ". c. TERRY" Abou
CLOCK this murnng these gentlemen met in front OF m
iket fouse Saunders usked il this wns Mr.. Terry an
e latter replied in the affirmative when Saunders struc
nun WIN Stick. Terry forthwith drew one OF CorS re
vovers and fred when Saunders drew small pistol ant
by Terry, ard by Saunders Both then clnchrd,
were IN the act of committing upon each other further vic
ence Terry with knife and Saunders with erys evolv
err which he had wrested from him. when they sepa
rnied Terry borne of Dr. Blackords and Saunders
10 AlosoyN Hnlcombesboth regarded moraly wounded
Terry received OF Saunders balls in the of his
Dreast or stomach Saunders received one OF Terys balls
JUS! above the navel and il passed ou, ON the left side Jus
ABOVE he ip.bonc. They are both lying nsensioe
Cap b!@gers attempted 10 separate them, when he was
So by Terry through the and Saunders through the
leg ana very severely though dangerously wounded
r. s.-Saunders died to-day al O'clock"
Another letter. dated June 5th o'clock P NJ gives lis
Inc following additional details Mr. Terry now lies quite
composed; he has been cool all the me his wounds have
bled very freely outsde faint hopes entertained of his
recovery Mr. Saunders wound bled nwardy all the time;
he vomited much blood and died h O'Clock This evening
Capt Bggers is severely wounded"
PS-A passenger in last evenings cars informed Ly
one who left Lynchburg hours after departure
of the mail on Friday morning. tha, Mr. Terry also was
dead. This intelligence confirmed yesterday In.
deed letters from Lynchburg received yesterday
that could hear Of We trust that the news may be un-
nd, ,d
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10
DISTRESSING OCCURRENCE

Yesterday morning were deeply panied 10 hear of a
highly respectable citizens OF that The cir
cums,ances us learn them, follow Some time
since the Lynchturg Vginian INDUCED ia comments
the Dr. James Saunders "a member of the Con-
venrion) the Basis question Dr. Saunders retorcd upon
the Editor of that paper n stringent card published in the
Lynchburg Republican of Monday last On Thursday NOR
ming the Vrginian e.putlshcd Dr. Saunders card with
sharp comments which excited Mr. JAS e. Saun-
ders r (Dr SIS sony that he sought Mr. A. W. e. Terry,
the Edi;ur Of that paper. They met Thursday morning
about O'clock on Main street in front Of The elouse,
and Mr. Saunders attacked Mr. Terry With cane Mr.. I.
drew revolver and fired; Mr. Saunders also drew re-
vove and fired Each party exhausted the fire OF his wca-
pom, and panied 10 learn, both gentlemen were
wounded moray in the abdomen in the region
of the pron We hear that balls took fatal effect in the
body of each combatan We sincerely trust that The injury
NAV turn out be serious anticipated at Ii
A. NJ Thursday, when the gentleman who rode express
to this city, left Lynchbnrg The Express reached here yes
,erday morning about O'clock having accomplished l2U
miles in lG hours with four changes of horses We hear
that Mr. Bggcrs the constable in eneavorng to separate
the ltan slightly wounded by two shots in IN
arm ard leg.
DR.. Saunders left Richmond yesterday morning in the
Central Railroad to Charlottesville whence he was to
lake an express and probably reached ynchburg as night
This aentabe has produced universal regret
iu our community.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10
Cores spondencs of the Baltimore Sun.

ami, has been commenced il the Superior Court aeainst
WATSON Webb growing cut o the recent publication IN
h cour;cr and Enquirer, charging ~ r. VIII, "n Inc -
d.,;n, of vcung lady sunle years since Inc painiS
@ Sh C,odd;u.ion OF Railway, y. J. and his wife. Qtle
,,o the Idy supposed oe alluded 10, ard the OBJ
lee, Of the snt is to reco'I p'sSsss'h 9, vi,
T o The shown hg the legal proceedings TO be
hat ,ha lady wrote note y ills cnyinG that she was ht
a. certain book that he had attributed TO her pen.-
pu.rlv literary and sentimental in its cha
sc,sr fowed but terminated without the slshtes
of any impropety either side. Al The lime
h dverv of this correspondence The papers were sealed
m w " No. dvcred 10 The father Of the lady but he dyns
bory after OF chronic disease never received them Lates
the seals Of this package OF papers have been broken "eh
- ,h.r contents tortured into charge OF crlnnai!l
;,at the private character Of the lady. Hebo has Fro
missed 10 restore the letters TO their au!hor
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10
THE BASIS In LYNCHBURG,

| On Monday night last meeting was held in Tynchburg
nI James Garland in the chair, and R. L. Kent Secretary
The meeting adopted, by decided majority" resolutions
from majority of the committee, declaring their adhesion
to the mixed basis applicable both sinslrucne
their delegates support that necessary pro
lection OF the East-decdedy disappearing the basis
promise and instrucng their delegates its
dcraon-and cordially approving the of Mr. Lynch
on this subject.
Mr. P L. Dudley, from the minority OF the committee
offered resolutions leaving the sound judgment Of their
delegates unleitere To for some 81 usent which
sha project The interests of the East and shall be final in
It's opcratiun These resolutions rejected by large
majority after long discussion between Messrs Dudley
Frwe and Glass in their favor and Messrs Speed and
Campbell in opposition The resouii1ns reported by the
majority Of the committee, then adopted above
stated.
II was than resolved that poll shoul be opened Fri
day yesterday tho Of the voters of Lynchburg
and The adjacent parts Of Campbell and Bedford upon three
propositions viz the mixed basis, The white bnss and
compromsr-nnd that those voting for the mixed white
basis be also allowed the privilege Of casting alternate
vote for compromise. Mr. Dudley, the Of the
luton, dsclumed any reference the basis compromise,
adopted by the Con ention, which he opposed
On Thursday night there be another meeting for
further discussion oil question of nstruclin9 the dele
gates at the polls the day.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10

The Enquirer Is mistaken tso far as We have gathered puo
lie sentiment in ChtUns disc in saying the peoe VIE
coninsce in the compromise We learn that upon the an
ouncarion by Mr. Warrenon that with the White
Basis clause The constitution lie should vote aanss II,
there was shout sent which made The wrkin ring
Shelving the people unueraule in their determination
in no wise ~ sanction this abominabe doctrine We have
aeen no man this district (nd every day see some
oncl who hns not determined on this course
fredericksburg Ns,rs.
We drew our conclusion from the fact that Tie meeting
in Warcnon took 20 get up instructions, and
from other information received from the district.
We understand ,ha, the News is mistaken in repre-
scn,ing Mr.. Scott having declared his purpose 10
vote against the Constitution should the basis compFo'
mise TO which News evidently audes) be incorporated
into IT, Mr. Scott hear cited his course in the ConVen
on when ne announced mis- uncompromising opposition tc
the compromise first reported, in much as IT virtually
cast disrust the Eastern Senate This objectionable
feature was afterwards modified motion OF Mr. Wing
field This Is what referred 10 by Mr.. Scott, VINO oH
uo ovoyy the reported purpose against the Constu'
on should the compromise basis be incorporated lnto M
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10

" 'hih'ecc, o tndlng some to avoid il possible,
'he hazardous voyage around Tie Florida Capcs which
tailed heavy annual loss:
resolved That il consideration of the vast
c incs us outlet on The Gull ui Mexico and the heavy
@ ana "ss which that commerce is subject in the nav
uehs could be avoided y construction Ship Canal
clnss Inc lslhnus of Florida wony Of the closest in
and we therefore recommend that immediate
hr ann
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10
THE RAGLAND WILL CASE,

On Saturday, Mr.. Lyons, for the contestants, followed
Gen. Gordon, The side in order to allow Mr. Patton
for the proponents, close Mr. L. being well known
city readers urst it is sufficient 10 say that he
acquitted himself with his usual ability and grace Of
We learn that, in all probability the jury will take this
next Wednesday Thursday after having for
length of time and with degree Of patient endurance al
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10

SATURDAY EVENISU, ICHE 3s0f
TOBACCO-The inspections for the week have he'H
large with little or no change in prices though our mann
fciuers in consequence of information from lie 'o'
dd mn, 90 in reey The crop being asceraned TO DC
short one speculation and Spectators keep prices wen up
for all shipping qualities when really fne.
" or 0IJP Holders are firm at our former quoaiions-
mo ,av from Albemarle MeckIenburg, Amelia Prince
Edward Nouoway and some other counties in The State.
The wheat crop said to be almost total = Wsny
~ ,h rkr was never lighter al This season OF the year
" "togN-No change in The market. We give sales at %
DsasE s; BRowsE.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10
TRrE PROBABLY.

GrerIv in one OF MS EUr0Pe'E 4@''V'r " " "
lowing strain: ,, ,,,,., a,v d,w,s ,h,uch
he .norning air - chilly Ue shall Dc a9e 10 ,te
else aan General, TO the Pre'ae"ey oj''s '"S "
OUT dc. ,,;,s ,,rIj br srces=frI no,
much oanre the next century, ana ln,n .!g -. ="
;s r,ns, bs considered As nis: o r''a1aH, "" ann
svns.t "a ssc the wh.s nominate ANY tAAs t.Si man
rs long rs any living, and then more may pos
VI 40 hcf,re the Lord ha. gathered all the prcsen
sloy ', -, himself Howe .er we look 10 Democratic
for The fuilmen OF the prophecy Laneastsrian
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10
DIED.

DIED. on Thursday, the 29h day Of May last WILLIAM l!o
N.S Mani son of VIM B. AMI Martha A. Daniel oil Cunas
comfy Va aged year. mon tbs and TWO days Ey me
Of ,h ic boy his parents 5ere Of an only on ana M
,hv ony know been taught by sad excereh WAL
to ose lovely child whose be ar;ss ara being unloded a
no,s lives Yet the christian pare. can look
xi, neianchoy though it be to the time When !hey ss
ihs little bud which pucked here ranspantsd IN I
so booming immortal youth, the COMPANION OF anse ana III.
sterng him who said, Sufer le children to come "ho me
forbid them not for Of such the Kingdom OF Heaven
"'Tis God that lifs comforts high,
Or sinks them in the grave
He gives, and blessed be his name
He takes what be gave r#.ar
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10
SALES OF TOBACCO BY DEANE & BROWN
LnznunrEn ESQrIRRRl

Mr.. l. Hudnal, Of Buckingham, hhd: al ST, q! r.
benarle hid a, sl2 la, 0 lat9 2at Is and q,
Is Capt. VIM N. Woods of Nelson hhd at siS 81 = II
75 at II So TO- al 5O and at ], Qngs) hf -;
al so; MrJ F. Cox, of Po~hatan, hid at 81 az
a, IS Mr.. a. K. Davis, Of Buckingham ma al 81
g. part his crop; M. W. sc1t. 9 .o bucSnIa' q!
hid at $40 So at so, at and al oo - hll ~
nromiscuous lots from 81 10 10 II oO
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10
Sose------------
TILE ERAGLAND WILL CASE

6encra Gordon of Abemarle began his address yester
aay evening" (Ar. Fleming having concluded Thursday
ms geneman's counlenance expresses thorou, lilly
'e leading traits in his character than any have
seem Amiabiy and generosity stamped every ea
urc His manner towards the Jury reminded strongly OF
that OF benevoen, father sra,ng case t,hs Children
" "ere il Legal fer TO constitute jury and
10 De elected that ury having General Gordon before
arguing the affirmative Of the proposition whether The moon
Is mae of green choose should be tempted either find
verdict in favor OF his side Of the question: or be hung
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10

Yesterdays Whig does gross Injustice 10 our "s"'s
correspondent "Jacob Faithful, Jf anu utterly
the man. Our correspondent writes freely, and wlthon'
cents compensation, The honest convictions o' al "''
heart We have nnthing more 10 say
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10

Gov Reid of North Carolina, has appointed r. NJ. on"n
ders Asa Begs and B. F. Moore Esqrs, Commissioners
revise the Statutes OF that State Mr. Moore has resigned
the office of Attorney General.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10

CROPS IN THE VIRGINIA TALLEY.-Ihe WIN
chester Virgnian OF yesterday says:
at ia now no longer be doubted that The wheat crop
Frederick will fai much uf cSprcIann-tha' "cst
Winchester al least. The ages ni the ny arc eH'e'
i v Corn has come uJ well and is forward OaI
arc promising and pastures and meadows hnSuS A
nrisnt In Cllrkc and Jefferson We learn, hlnss ooA
A full average crop is expected.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10
DISASTER AT ST. LOUISA dispatch, dated

Louis, May 3U'h, says:
n,h,,, n o.,ck Yesterday morning break occurred
in the main dyke which connects B3oty Island WIN me H.
Inus shore and the whole embankment mas Oeen carried
awny or nj least submerged from shore 20 sh'le NJ oa
cnmol,rd aud ready for II IS thought the
cir i lose II or 900 duars By this accident lie river
is very high and rising rnpidly.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10
Dir. ROSES GREAT BLOOD PURLEIER.
4 N>iin pE

DIR. ROSES GREAT BLOOD PURIFIER.
AoFAMLl SHOULD BE WITHOUT THIS PREPARaIioN.
"! ylacnre Phi ad.pha the past ihiry years
sS ma al forms oil disease, and heng ga
s oh ne lni'Hiy Of Peunsypa Ia IN SA unuef he euu
M onc;" Physc chapman, Cox Gibson and Hare he rio
~ "=my having eQuently been In consul iation WIN
my fGmuy .f,d,,rrS r.''e '"e ie'o''0 VI AD' f - " "
found " mpoundng OF these Medicines myself they are
m ca TESTIFY, iar superior to he many hos'iuipo
nv c,.s Aerative well established by the ma
dular and n sa,'e q Scroula Bronchs Gian
a d>rase, Hip JOIN, Affection, rheumatism, Syphllt
,u,o ai'sias from impure the blood or const
an! worn down by the Of mercury NY prepa
liz p,, ohitihe Intended The other MY "fam
more vor,a, for all mercu preparations and acts lar
when he and all bilious conditions OF the system
rrn a 1t any lnhamrnaons the lungs appear Ex
VI IoIch Syrup will found grea, preventive and
A. 10 ~ eases Cnnsnmption JOHN = ROSE, NJ D.
T. RcEI Ain - zen sasd Family Medicines can had Of
ABE + GRAY j. BLAIR, o. A. SrREcKER and nd HESSETT
etNtilNIA.-At regular Term OF Tho 57i-c; - = :; "a
county Of Henrieo for the civil bsI Nav
''an kaEda'' Pltf
John Heath, NO
Ia debt upon an a,tachmen. returned executed oe''
This Gay the plaintiff by his Johnson ma
JAn-Ion and appearing the Satisfaction Court hy the M
havit Of the that the i,
recover Of defendant the Of s265 IA with thereon
aceorns the of the Sale New York Goth day
arc 1851 The sad defendant rrsiden,
s STATE the motion Of the said plaintiff by his sd
$50 dered that the said defendant appear beors This Court the
zane be N and II the Clerks Office thereof within
Month after due publication OF thin oder and do what
ot his aud that this ode be published week
onr successive in the Richmond Enquer pub
M the Of Richmond and also be posted the front door Of
Court a eopy-Tesc E. ROBINSON, c. e.
Nav lS-cwfw IS
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10

40 Ara whatever vii! be made Books Stationery, 3c
u. .ac,. ~ the owes, retail prices
,1cu.rs Will be addIcs e those who may desire H.
DANIEL TURNER, Pr'
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10

81 I.HI-II COIKSt: OF MEDICAL INSTR UC-
TIUN, IN RICHMOND VA.
ysE aStruc"n the various branches OF
Medical Gaoc4ion resumed Monday, 18th April, un
ls.tl. Iu.vMil. Arrangement:
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10

We haze been favored with the following melancholy
tract OF letter. received by gentleman in this city, da! led
Lynch5urg, June 5, lS5l:
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10
RICHMOND rs,

RICHMOND, Nav 90, 1851.
Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-06-10
:: - yI,oy &c. FEMALE SEMINARY.

, summer session this nsuu;,"n Will commence on Mon
' x ~. nf lime eli, u,nc buildings being
or ;hs additional pupils; who WI! be re-
an charged ouiy the they may continue meoers o.
The and beauty OF siuatlnn comblned
& A. ADVANTAGES SCHOOL, coIlmendn 10 the public
The Charlotte journal. [volume] (Charlotte, N.C.) 1835-1851, 1851-05-13
SOUTH CAROLINA.

Judge Butler las reported in the Charles
ton pspers) admits iha, South Carolina is not
united, because of the strong opposition of
The commercial interests" He might have
added that secession would make CharestoB
~ very few years as complete ruin as the
wave.covefed fragments Of Tyre. The "com.
mercisl interest" foresees some hing of that
Judge Butler also admits tha, to be per.
mit,ed to secede peaceable,' TO be let aione-
he very thiog they have SO long asked for
is that which they dread The fame or gfo.
~ of such an heroic achievement as seces.
sion wsuld be lost. There would be none of
II. The knight errabi and his squire would
trudge On their lonely way, with no people
on earth to sympa ,hize with, hear or TO CON-
bat them. ISOLATION from oil that is human,
all that Is kindred all that was common with
other communities, all that is great in coun.
Try glorious IN memory, or beautiful 10 the
ISOLATION. complete, drenry and olao k
as the solitary confine ment Of ths lonely Grim
NAL, awaits that State, which, in It's madness,
shall fly from the Union
Peaceable, in one sense, we doub, not, se-
cession would be. The Senators and Rep.
resen,atives of South Carolina may withdraw
# they please. The People may 90 on with
their ordinary business, without being inva.
ded. They would simply find themselves
isolated from that happy Republic which all
the earth envles
Bat there is another aspect Of the case in
which secession cannot be pe0ceatle and no
one ought to be deceived on that head. The
laws of lbe Union which levy duties on foreign
commerce, and all other laws, must be enfor.
ctd. The President is sworn 10 execute the
laws, and he has no power TO resist them.
When foreign goods enter the port OF Charles
ton the duties mus, be paid. But if South
Carolina stcedes, and secession is carried IN
/ to Practice then somebody must resist lhe
pay meni Of duties; and that somebody become,
\ by tha, very act, a traitor. If he acts only
as an individual, he will be convicted Of trea
son, and probably hung. II, however, there
should be an armed resistance of the cemmu
rty, then the President must bring the arm:
OF the United States TO enforce the laws, anc
they UlH BE- enforced - Gin. Gag.
The Charlotte journal. [volume] (Charlotte, N.C.) 1835-1851, 1851-05-13
DYING DECLARAT1ONS-lM

An impor'an, decision was made by Judge
Baxter, al Warren Superior Count which, /
sustained, viii o,eriuIe long established
principle Of Common Law, and v hich has
never heretofore, TO our wledge, been dis.
turbed.
Lovitt, charged with the murder of Bell
in the month of February last, was arraign.
ed for trial, and the Sta e's counsel offered
to introduce, as evidence, the declarations
Of the deceased made in his last illness and
charging the offence to the prisoner. The
counsel for prisoner objected to The reception
Of such declarations as legal evidence in a
criminal prosecution, aud alleged in support
Of the exception, the sixth Article of Amend.
ments to the Constitution Of the United States,
which, it was contended, amounted to an en-,
tire abolition of the Common law upon the
point in question. The Article reads as fol.
lows:
ia all criminal prosecutions, the accused
shall ENJOY the right 10 speedy aud pubic
trial. by an impartial jury of the State aud
district wherein the crime shall have been
previously ascertained by law, and to be in.
formed Of the nature and cause Of the accu.
satlon to be confronted with the witness a.
gainst him." &C., &c.
The point was ably argued by Messrs,
Toombs, Cone and Pottle for the prisoner,
and Mcssrs. Weems, Sol. Gartrell and Daw.
son for the State. The exception was sus,
tanned, and q mole prosequi entered On the
bill, the ether testimony being, in the opinion
of States counsel, insufficient to convict,
This decision may be law, but we feel no he.
station in saying It ought no, 10 be. Wash.
Gu0 Gnzeue.
The Charlotte journal. [volume] (Charlotte, N.C.) 1835-1851, 1851-05-13
A NEW COT1IIJON.

The editor of the Windsor JOURNAL ye.
ry obstinate sort Of bachelor-learns that a
Professor Of Dancing in New York have re.
Gently introduced a new style Of cotillon
called Kiss Cotilion," the peculiar feature
of which Is that you kiss the lady as you
swing corners. The editor Is crus,y sort
of person, who never dances, but says he
would not mind waving his objections so far
as to swing corners now and then in this CO.
,ilon-the selfish scamp He reminds US
Of an old lady who had an aversion TO rye,
and never could eal it 10 any form, I'LL OF
late" said she, "they have got to making II
into whiskey, and find can now and then
worry down little"
The Charlotte journal. [volume] (Charlotte, N.C.) 1835-1851, 1851-05-13
THE UNION SOLD.

Mrs. Parling.ou on being told that Richie
had sold The Unop," exclaimed: "Alas
alas | feared he would do something awful
when heard that Congress had detected tho
bill to edenliy him wonder If he sold the
people with it, and if have got TO become
niger slavc2 le so, | shall emulate to tho
South, where they know how TO treat The poor
critters" And Mrs. Psr.inson slshed deep
ly and SAID no more.
The Charlotte journal. [volume] (Charlotte, N.C.) 1835-1851, 1851-05-13
GREAT BRITAIN AND SECESSION.

A correspondent Of the New York Herald,
writing from Charleston under date Of the
23d INST, says:
We have satisfactory authority in say.
ing distinctly 10 the fullest confidence tf It's
correctness, that the government Of Great
Britain is favorably disposed 10 the combined
secession OF the Soulhetn States, or the sepa
rate secession OF South Carolina; and not be.
cause II will give her foothold for the ebo.
liion OF slavery IN The South, because that
idea is perfectly absurd. The experience Of
my Lord Palmers,on and her Msjesry's gov.
efnment IN the West ladies', has pretty eiIec.
lively cured them Of the phllan,hropic absur.
dlties of Wlberforce, especially where they
will not pay. AboItioa is not the thing after
all. Far otherwise.
Grea, Britain desires free trade with The
cotton States, aud especially the monopoly as
Tar as reciprocal treaties can secure ii, Of
The cotton trade. Aud TO gain lhIs advan age,
she vii railfy q treaty Of friendship and 70.
c'procity, and oralliance, offensive and defen.
slye, down TO The defensive engagement, ~
protect, ~ case Of necessity, the institution
OF slavery, rathof than fal Of her supplies Of
cotton. Upon this subject, we are assured
there /, al understanding between the author.
ties OF tins Stale and the agents of her Brit.
annie Majesty, which is calculated to encour.
age rather than drpfess the movements here
ioI a separate nationality."