The Charlotte journal. [volume] (Charlotte, N.C.) 1835-1851, 1851-08-27
Origin of the Name sold Domin.
iOn." AS applied 10 Virginia.


following description On one side is a
shield, on which ere quariered The arms Of
England, Scotland, Ireland, and Virginia.
The whole surmounled by a crown, aud en-.
circled with the word " Virginia" 1873:
similar coin was dug up few years
since, and the following statement was pub.
/ lished with the description of IL: Durm1
the usurpsticn Of Cromwell, the euiony OF
/ virginia refused to acknowledge his aulhor.
ity, and declared itself independent. Shor,
y after finding that Cromwell threatened %
send fleet aud army TO reduce Virg!nir to
suhJeciIon, aud fearing The ability Of this
feeble State 10 Withstand this force, she sent
ever in small ship messeHgerio Charles
IL, .hsn an exile at Breda, u Flanders.
Charles accepted the invitation 70 Come over,
and be King Of Virginia, and vas on the eve
of embarking, when he was recalled TO the
throne Of England. As sooh as he vas re-
stored to the crown Of England, in gratitude
for ihs loyalty Of virginia, he caused her
coat Of arms to be qlarured with those of
England, Scotland, and Ireland, an lnde-
pendent member Of the empire.
"Ths above coin Is clearly conhrmaioty
Of these facts. Hence the origin Of the
Phrase +" Od Dominlor," iiequeauy applied
to Virginia.
History does not confirm all these state.
menls, though il establishes some, ana suffi
clenlly dIicIoses in he conduct Of Virginia,
during the Proiectorate of Cromwell, cause
for the origin Of the name Old Dominion" !"
The facts as gathered from q variety Of
ha lrs
After the death Of King Charles | and
the installation Of Oliver Cromwell as pro.
lector the colony Of Virginia refused 10 sc.
know ledge his authority, and Parliament,
having subdued opposition elsewhere, were
not disposed 10 submit 10 such a resistance
Of It's authority by the twenty thousand IN
habltants Of Virginia. IL issued an ordln.
unce declaring them notorious robbers and
traitors prohibited all intercourse with the
refractory colonis's, either the people Of
England, the inhabitants Of the other Amer.
can settle meets, or with foreign nations and
fiaally, sent over q feet under Sir George
Asycue "to 'overpower the provincial roy
alisis, and exunguIsh the lest traces ot mon
archicsl authority that still fingered 10 the
exlEemitles of The empire" The Cemmis
sloaers appointed to accompany this eape
dIton' were empowered 10 try IN The hrs
instance, the efficacy OF pardons ard other
conciIiatory propositions, IN reducing the co
lonis,s to obedience but If their pacific
overtures should prove Intellectual, they were
then TO employ every species Of hostile op.
Grafton, &c.
From Barbadoes, Sir George Asycue des.
patched Capt, Dennis with small squadron
Of ships to the Chesn npeake, TO land forces
and drive Sir William kelley out Of Vir.
ginia for during the whole preceding strug.
gle of Charles |. ard the Parliament, the
Vlrgiuians were firm on the side Of their
King, aud enacted declaration, " that ,hey
were born under monarchy, and would ne.
yer degenerate from the condition Of their
births, by being subject to any other govern.
mcn,." After the King was beheaded, they
acknowledged the authority OF the fugl,ivs
Prince, and actually continued the Provincial
government under commission, which he
sen, to Sir William Berkeley, from his re.
treat at Breda. The young Prince was no,
however, actually invited ever to establish a
kingdom in Virginia; though according TO
Clarendon. Sir VIM. Berkeley was SO assu.
red Of the loyalty Of the inhabitants and so
impressed with confidence Of ultimate sue
cess, that he wrote to him "almost inriting
him 10 america I" In these acls consisted
the onmity Of the Parliament 10 the Govern.
or and for this open defiance Of It's power
Virginia was 10 be ravaged by feet on her
waters, and lnsidious assassins on her SOIL
I,la IN
ngs of SIR William, after the arrival Of the
fleet within the cspes Of Virginia several
as Beverly Up. 45l Oldmxon Q,3I5) Burke
European settlements Ii. 223) Grahame
Q.g9) have asserted that he made great
show Of resistance, assisted by the Dach
i ships in the harbor, and the ReyalIsts
who were the majority Of the population.
i Bancroft, however, q, 223l citing contem'
+ porary authorities of the highest value,
+ says, enc sooner had the guinea irigats an
cho,ed in the waters of the Chesapeake than
Quoting from Clarendon, oil thoughts OF
resistance were laid aside. 1t marks,
continues Bancroft, the character OF Nlr'
gaians that they refused TO surrender 10
force, but Welded by voluntary deed and
mutnal compact BY the articles of sur
render a compl etc indemnity was,S,ipulateJ
for all pas, offences and the Coonists, recog
nizng the sutherity, were admitted into the
bosom Of the English commonwealth, aud
expressly assured of an equal participation
in all the privileges of the free people OF
! England. In particular, it provided that the
provincial Assembly should retain its wonted
+ functions, and that "lhe people of Virgins
should have as free trade as the people OF
England, to all places and with all nations,
and "shal be free from all taxes, customs,
and impesitions Whatsoever, without the con-
sen, of their own assembly," Berkeley dis
dained 10 make any stipulation for himself,
with those whom his principles Of loyalty
taught him to regard as usurPers. Without
leaving Virginia, he withdrew to retired