davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09
Hill NIanuring.

There is custom prevailing in some places, which
think cannot be approved of by the best farmers
namely, manurng the crop in the hill, with
barn-yard manure. In benalf of the custom it is
urged that greater quantity of corn to the
be raised in this way, and that the manure can be
made to cover greater space. The fact is, it is
forcing system the idea is the making good CROP
not the general improvement of the land. If the
season prove moist, good crop may doubtless be
raised in the way named but should the season prove
dry, the manure in the hill would damage more than
benefit the crop. The only advantage gained, is in
giving the start. ito covering over a grea-
ter space of ground, only say that I think an
even culture the greatest beauty of farming, and my
dislike to the system in question is that it initiates
against this. Corn is crop. the roots of which run
out everywhere in search offood ifmanure spread
evenly the surface, soon rs the roots of the
corn begin to extend themselves, they will be sure
to find it, and at time. and in such quantity, is
best suited to the growth and development of the
plant-and the ensuing eyes will not rest
upon uneven field of oats here tall cluster Of
spires and there an army of dwarfs. [ have stood
some distance off, and looked over field treated in
this way, and could count where every hill of corn
had been the season before. Such a system of hus-
bandry is not calculated to improve our worn-out
land. Broadcast applications of manure, evenly
spread over the surface, always the best.-H C..
W. an the AbanY Cgltirator.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09

ROTATION OF CRops.-Q. What is meant by the
rotation of crops?
A By rotation of crops is meant regular sue
cession of crops that the kinds shall not fol-
low immediately
O. Why is change of crops to be recommended?
A Since plants of one sort consume the ele-
ments of food contained in the SOIL it follows that
the continued cultivation of the same plants will,
more less deprive the soil of the elements on which
they feed
Q. Continue.
A. Where frequent and abundant manurng is
given regard to rotations is of great Importance,
but in a garden poorly MANFRED and where, there
fore, the dependence is the soil itself for the
shment of the crops, rotation Of them is absolutely
necessary.
@. But are there not many perennial plants which
must remain in the same ground for several years
A. Such perennial vegetables as asparagus, sea-
kae, rhubarb and artichokes, ought not to be dis
placed within less than eight nine years, or until
they begin to fail but those valuable vegetables
so amply MANFRED every year that they do not
depend much the soil for their support yet where
plantations of such perennals broken up, vege-
tables of entirely different classes should be put in
their room.
Q. What does Mr.. Abercrombie say on this SUBJ
ject?
A. Mr. Abercrombie says: "We will suppose a
strawberry plantation requiring to be renewed-and
the stools seldom continue fully productive more
than three or four years-instead of introducing
young strawberry plants into the bed, root out
the old plantation entirely, and let it be succeeded
by crop OF BEANS or of some other esculent. or
root, that may be different in oonsti-
tuition and habits. And let the plantation of
Strawberries follow light crop which left the
ground in good state, of which allows them to be
trenched. -. Crops which strike deep and occupy
the ground long. should be succeeded by plants
which pierce bat a little way under the surface
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09
NEW BOOKS! NEW BoOKsM


TUST Received and for sale l.. H. Pierce's Book
y store, the following and highly interesting Books
just published.
Freemasonry revealed, by eleven seeding members
ing the Origin history and nature of Masonry its effects on
the government and the Christian Religion published in
the proceedings of the United States Anti Masonic Conven-
ton held in Philadelphia.
Also Illustrations of Masonry, with key to all the de-
of treemasonr giving clear and correct view of the
of comforting the different degrees pracced in all
lodges throughout the globe together with the
be used by such not Masons gain admission there
in by one of the craft.
The Philosophy of Spiritual Intercourse, being axpIa
nation of Modern Mysteries, by Andrew Jackson Davis
Tom Racquet, and His Three Maiden Aunts, with
illustrations For wit and humor have seldom
any production which = Tom Racquet and His
Three Maiden Aunts " That peculiar vein of fun droery,
ar pahos, which difficult of attainment, and
mating when attained has been developed by author with
observation-disclosures.
Lavengro. the Author the Gypsy. the Priest.
Before and Behind the Curtain by VIM. X. Northall.
Godolphn. by Sir E. L. Buwer.
Knowlston's Complete Farrier.
Consueo by George Sand ''The character of Consueo
developed in this book and its sequel ohe nobes
drawn The character is ideal ore in essence. and
such is ehaste as and as lofty creation
have loved admired in all fiction. The whole book
is written with great power and delcacy. Post.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09
If horse can draw on level. 80. go. loo
&C % L j

In round numbers, upon slope of A, or 100 #.
to the mile, horse can draw only three quarters as
much as he can upon level on slope of in "a
or 220 feet in the mile, he can draw only half as
much and on slope of in 10, or 528 feet to the
mile. only quarter much
1t is highly usefal to load the back of a drawing
horse to a certain extent; though this, on light
consideration might be thought to augment unne-
cessarily the fatigue of the animal but it must be
recollected that the mass with which the horse is
charged vertically is added in part to the effort which
he makes in the direction Of traction and thus dis
penses with the necessity of his inclining so much
forward as he must otherwise do; and may, there
FORE under this point of view, relieve the draught
more than to compensate for the additional fatigue
occasioned by the vertical pressure. Carmen, and
wagoners in general are well aware of this and are
commonly very careful to dispose of the load in such
manner that the shafts shall throw due proper
ton of the weight the back of the shaft horse.
The best disposition of the traces during the time
horse is drawing is to be perpendicular to the po-
stion of the collar upon his breast and shoulders
when the horse stand at ease, this position of the
traces is rather inclined upwards from the direction
of the road but when he leans forward to draw the
load the traces should then become nearly parallel
to the plane which the carriage is to be drawn
or if he be employed in drawing sedge or any 9TH
er thing without wheels, the inclination of the ira
ces to the road should be about 49, deg when the
friction is one-third of pressure.
When horse is made to move in circular path,
as is often practised in mills and other machines
moved by horses it will be necessary to give the cir
Gle which the animal has to walk round, the great
est diameter that will comport with the local and
conditions to which the motion must be subjected -
1t is obvious, indeed that since reotnear motion
is the most easy for the horse the less the line in
which he is curved with the greater facility
he will walk over it and the less he need recline
from vertical position and besides this, with equal
velocity, the centrifugal force will be less in the
greatest circle. which will proporionately diminish
the friction of the cylindrical parts of the runions
and the labor of moving the machine And further
the greater the diameter of the horse-wak the near
er the chord of the circle in which the horse draws
is to coincidence with the tangent which is the mos
advantageous position of the line of traction Or
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09

The power of the horse when applied to draw
loads, we'll when made the standard of compar-
son for determining the value of other powers, has
been variously stated.
The relative strength between and horses,
depends, of course, upon the manner in which their
strength is applied. Thus, the worst way of apply
ing the strength of horse is to make him carry a
weight up steep hill while the organization of the
man fits him very we'll for that kind of labor And
three men, climbing up steep hill, with each 100
lbs. his shoulders will proceed faster than most
horses with 800 lbs.
We find the comparative draught of horse a
level and varying ascents, in Gillespe's work on
roads, thus stated:
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09
Schools.
JACKSONVILLE FEMALE SEMINARY.


THE First Session of this Seminary commenced the
18th instant, under very favorable auspices audit no.
ped that will be literally paronzed by the public,
especially by those living in the Eastern part of the State
very pretty little town. the county site of
Onow and is perfectly accessible at all of the year.
both by land and water. Mrs JANETrE F. REID has now
the charge of the Seminary who time Professor in
Greensboro Female College, and esteemed fully competent
to maintain the responsibility entaed by the position she
occupies and will fail to render ample justice to all who
may come within the influence of her instructions.
Board may be had in good families at Sc per month
Terms at the following rates. per session Of months
photography Reading, and Arithmetic. 90
Higher branches of English 50
trench 90
Il
Guitar 10 Wf
Drawing and Painting in water colors 90
No reduction made in tuition fees except in pro-
tracted sickness. A ]. MURRII,,
Secretary Board of Trustees.
Jacksonville, Onslow N c., March 28 1851 293m
Spirit of the Age, Raleigh. and Newbernan, Newbern
will publish three months and forward this office
for collection.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09

CATHOLIC HER ARcHY.-The Pontiical government
has published general statistical statement of the
Roman Catholic clergy, from which it appears that
of seventy cardinals chairs which compose the sa-
cred college, there three vacant all of the order
of deacons, which now consists of only eleven, in
stead of fourteen The order of bishops and that of
priests is complete, the first having fifty and the last
six The dean of the cardinal priests is the Archbsh
op of Bologna Oppizoni the youngest is the Prince
Archbishop of Breslau de Diepenbrok Eleven car
dnals have not yet received the hat, and
quently still untitled. The number of Archbishops
in Europe is l04-Of whom Is are in Italy, Is in
France, IS in Germany, in Spain, 4 in Hungary
and Danatia. 4 in Ireland, in Turkey, in Portu-
gal in Russia. in Greece, in Belgium, in Eng
land and l in the Ionian Islands.
These lO4 Archbishops have GOO sufragan bsh-
ops. viz 407 in Europe and 202 on the coast of At
RIGA in the French colonies, and various Spanish
and Portuguese islands Besides these there are 78
hers Immediately subordinate to the Holy See, viz:
SIS in italy. in Germany, in Switzerland. 2 in
pain, (those of Leon and Oviedo,) l in Volhynia,
}ussia.) in Malta, and in Bulgaria turkey. y
he Wears apostolic and the projects apostolic, who
ire mostly under the direction of the congregation
If the propaganda. are H. of whom SO are in eoun-
ries not protesting christianity. In America there
re 10 Archbshops, with 90 suffragans. In Oceana,
, ,rehbishops, II Bishops. and Wears apostolic
here are % patriarchs, of whom only are in Eu-
epa-those of Lisbon and Venice. The total num-
er of bishoprics is $780, As to the Arehbishops and
Bishops in partibus, their number is 46l so that in
the whole there are 1860 titled Episcopal Catholics
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09

THE subscriber would respectfully to his asRy
friends and patrons of Sampson ard the adjoining wv
countless that he has hand large and complete as -
sortment of Ladies' Gentlemen Misses Boys and Chill
drens Boots shoes and Caters Also, large stock of
Lea tiler, which he offers accommodating terms
lcits the call of the Ladies and Gentlemen he aters
himself that with the assortment he has hand he
both fit and please all that may favor him with caeven
the most fasdiOus.
He still occupies his old stand next door above G. w At
kins e Co.. where he continues all orders with
neaness and despatch and at the time tenders his
thanks for past avors and hopes by close application
siness to merit continuance of the same.
DAVID D. CARROLL.
April 25th. 1851 33-3m
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09
"a New Livery Stables.-Fire-Pro
EA4l HAVING completed my Livery Stables, ! an
II OSnOw ready receive Horses at livery by the day

week, month.
My Stables situated the of Princess and Third
Streets directly opposite the Court and convent
en to the business part of the town. They built BRICK
and covered with TIM which makes them entirely FIREPRooF
They large comnOdous and well constrcted and in
respect comfortable and convenient any Stables in
the United States
also have (or the accommodation of Drovcrs large and
comfortable Lot together with basement under the Stables
sufficient to hold hundred horses, and shelter them well
and comfortably.
HoEsEs CARRIAGES and BrGGs kept constantly for hire
My Hostlers cannot be surpassed in any country and
therefore feel confident of giving entire satisfaction to those
who favor with their custom.
feel grateful to friends and the public for their liberal
patronage heretofore hope to merit continuance of their
custom. II. r. NIXON.
Wilmington, N c. Dee. II. 1917. lift
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09

FARMING Implements have just received from tho
Manufacturers large lot of Flows of various patterns,
Cuvaors Corn Shelters Hay Cutters Corn Mills Churns,
Harrows, Tanning Nllsin fact, every thing comprising
complete stock of Farming Implements.
My sample will be arranged in day two when
will be most happy all who interested in snch
cles. ALEX McRAE, Jr
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09
COACH MAKING REPAIRING, AND JOEBINt+,

Corner Third and Princess Streets, opposite Nron Liry
Stables, Wilmington, ". c.
TTNHE subscribers, having taken the establish n AYo
l. ment the of Third and Princess SITS, -f8s9
Wilmington N. c., formerly occupied by w. j. Cornwall
intend carrying the above business in all its branches
prepared any orders with which they may
favored, promptly and in worlmanlike They will
attend to making and repairing Carriages of all descrp
lions ALSO BuIes, Wagons, Drays, Carts &c. &c;
and having secured the services of faithful experienced
workmen they feel confident of being able to their
work in style of neaness and finish that fail to give
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09

these accounts it is, that although horse may draw
in circular walk of l9 feet diameter yet in gener
al it is advisable that the diameter of such walk
should not be less than rs or 80 feet and in MANY
instances 40 feet would be perceptible to either
Dictionary Of Mechanics
HesENDALE, Pa, April 26
DESTRUCTIVE FIRE.-A fire broke out last night
in the store of Edward Murray in Main street, near
the canal basn and still raging at o'clock this
morning. Two blocks and one half the centre Of
the town were destroyed, including many valuable
stores and ofices. The canal bridges over Main
street also destroyed The loss is estimated at
$500, 0O0-the insurance is not yet ascertained
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09
HORSE-SHOEING. &c.

Having a spacious Blacksmith Shop attached they
will make and repair Agricultural Implements Mill 4 q
Work, and Farmers Blacksmithing generally. They
will also pay particular attention Horse-Shoein W
Having of the best Shoers that could be obtained in
the city Of Philadelphia who has had ten years experience
the business and importing Iron expressly for that pu
pose they their work to be equal if SUPERIOR
to any other that can be done at the South.
N. S. NEAL & CO.
Wilmington Feb 21st 1851 24-tf
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09
Wilmington. Feb. 2Ist, 1851
A
xEAn, Wilmington Saddle, Harness, GTT~N IN
TXsrRuSK asNNRRr.cronv lsEGW


E subscriber respectfully informs the public that he has
recently received large additions to his stock of Saddle
and Harness mountngs, &c. of the latest most mpro-
we'd STYLE and is constantly manufacturing at his store
Market every description of articles in the above line
From his experience in the business he feels
he will be able to give entire satisfaction to all who may
vor him with call. He has hand and will con-
stantly keep, large assortment of Coach Gig and suIky
Harness; Lady's Saddles Brides, Whips, &C.;
Gentlemen's Saddles, Brides, Whips, Spurs, sc.
Sc all of which he will be of the materials
and workmanship.
He has also large assortment of Trunks Valses Saddle
and Carpet Bags Satchels fancy Trunks &c. and all other
articles usually kept in such establishments all of which
offers low for cash. short credit prompt customers
Saddles, Harness. Trunks, Medical Bags, SC. &c., made
to order
In addition to the above the subscriber always keeps
hand large supply of String Leather and has now
will keep through the good assortment of Fly Nets.
All are invited to call and my goods whether
want not, as take pleasure in showing my
all who may favor with a call
Harness and Coach Trimmings sold at fair price to per-
sons buying to manufacture.
Also, Whips at Wholesale
All kinds of Riding Vehicles bought and sold
sions JOHN J. CONOLEY.
June ii, 1850 40
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09


pan, with little cinnamon and the yellow rind of
a lemon pared off very thin let them simmer very
gently by the side of the fire. for ten minutes or
quarter of an hour in order to extract the favor of
the spice and peel In the meantime, break six eggs
into basin, and beat them up we'll with a whisk:
add six tablespoonful of -four (about twelve ounces)
and make into very smooth batter, then pour in
the milk gradually, first taking out the peel and
spice mixing it we'll each time the milk is added.
The fire for frying should be clear and brisk and
the frying pan very clean. Have clarified but
ter of lard ready, and quite hot pour little into
the frying pan, and place over the fire to become
thoroughly heated before the batter is poured in
Pour large ladle teacupful into the pan at
time, and fry light brown on both sides. When
done, strew finely powdered loaf sugar them !;
roll them up and serve them quite hot Continue
in this way until the whole of the batter is used
Currants may be added to a portion of the batter
for variety. For economy, three or four eggs NAV
be used instead of six, and little mixed spice or
created nutmeg and ginger may be added instead
of boiling the milk, with spice to flavor it. Part
water may be used instead of all milk.
BUNs-Buttermilk having been recommended for
the purpose of tightening cakes and buns sub
scriber who cannot obtain it inquiries for substi-
tute She is informed that the purpose will be
equally well answered by little fresh yeast mixed
with milk blood-warm, and strained to the -four ;
two small tablespoonful of yeast to half pint of
milk will raise and moisten nearly two pounds of
Hour. Or the common Daklng powders answer very
we'll for buns and cakes they to be rubbed into
the -four dry. The mixture is then wetted with
cold milk or water. and put into the oven Immediate
": dessert spoonful of bread powder to pound
of -four.
New war SrEAMsHIp-Order from Washington
have been received the Charlestown navy yard for
the construction ola steamer at that place. She be
larger than the Princeton, which was broken up
year or two since. and will have the same mode of
propulsion. Plans are to be forwarded to Washing
ton Immediately.
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09

BOOTS, SHOES, &c.
Mems ca Calf S$5G$ i,sss III
10 &c 6 Kip, Goat and Seal pegged Brogans;
16 g sc heavy Kip pegged Brogans;
&C Boys and Youths Kip peg'd SO
10 SO Womens' pegged Calf, Goat and Morocco Bus
kns and Boots, Slippers, SC.
In addition to the above daily expecting endless
variety of superfne fancy Gentlemens and Ladies' Caters
Slippers &C., which will make stock as full complete
any before offered in this market all of which will
be sold low for cash. short credit to puncua
deduction of per cent for cash.
MOKEHOUSE & PERSON, Agent.
n. B. We prepared to carry the Tailoring Bu-
siness in all its various branches and promise execute all
orders left with to be sarpassed and hope
to merit share of public patronage.
April Is, 1851 32-f
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09
authorized Agents for the Journal.

Authorized Agents for the Journal.
JAMES NJ. REDMOND. Tarboro Edgecombe county, n. C.
JOSIAH JOHNSON, Clinton, Sampson county.
1osxpH r. KEMP, Baden county.
DIR. SnEHwoop, Strickland's Depot, Duplin county.
B. s. KosScE, Riehland onsow county.
B. BARNES, Black Creek, Wayne county.
LEWIS JONES, Pink Hill P o. Lenoir county.
c. p. WooDELL Wbtevile, Columbus county.
VoLNEy b. PALMER authorized to receive advertisements
id subscriptions for the Journal in New York. Philadelphia
and Boston, and receipt for payment for the
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09

ID ECEIV ED per Schr. r. w. Brown. a
II case extra fashionable Drab Beavers; -
g 60 medium brm'd do,
5 I" sc Moleskin, Spring style
Also, splendid assortment Of Straw Goods for gentle
men. For sale low for cash, by c. MYERS, Halter,
Wilmington journal. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1844-1895, 1851-05-09

To CLEAN HAIR BRUSHES AND CoMBs.-Sub-carbo-
nate of soda or potass sometimes called salt of tar
tar salt of wormwood is to be dissolved in boi ing
water two heaped tea-spoonsful will be sufficient for
half-apint; into this mixture dip the hairs of the
brush, and draw the comb through many times
The brush and comb, with the hell of this solution
will quickly cleanse each other dry quickly and
they will be as white as new. Observe two things
the potass must be kept in stopper bottle, or it
will soon become liquid when liquid it is not inju-
red for use, but if left in paper would be wasted al
so the mahogany satinwood back of the brush
must be kept out of the solution, it is apt to dis
color wood