New-York daily tribune., 1851-08-02
CHANCES AT EUROPE. No. XVIII.
TAsTEaN irALY-rHE PU
Esitsrt.i Cerresp,adenes Of Ihe Tfteeae
yEyicE. Tuesday. July s.

after a region more blessed by Nature than the
grea; plsin OF Upper Italy. WHEREOF the 10 -
the llfe-blood II Is very fertile an 6eAu'iiui
where frs, trayersei It near It, head. from the
foot OF Mount Cenls by Turn 10 AesSaniria
and New. on ny way down 70 Genoa yet II IS
richer and loveier still where have luSt r.
crossed II from the foot OF the ApcnnncS - b.
0cua. Fc-rara. Rovigo and Pacua on ny way
from Florence 20 Venice Irrigation, which
might easily be almost universal n Piedmont.
seems there OUT an occasional expedient, while
here II Is the breath OF hie From Bologna 70
Rougo. ami | presume on to Patua, though
there night and drow>lneSs prevented my 0bServ-
ing ciearly.) the whole country seems completely
ntersected by Canals constructed IN the PALMER
days OF Italy on purpose to distribute the fertlllz
ng waters OF The Pc and the Ailge over the entire
face OF the country and dispense them TO every
field and meadow. The great highway generally
nuns along the bank Of one Of these Canals,
which are filled from the rivers when they have
lust been raised by rains and are thus slrchargei
with fertllizlng matter. and drawn oil from day
to day thereafter to refresh and enrich the re-
markably level PLAIN they traverse. Thus not
only the PLAIN and the gladeS lying nearer the
sources OF the rivers. but The sterile. rugged
creStS OF the Alps and AppcnlneS which enclose
this great basin are made to contribute cvermore
10 the iruitfulness o. ~ soil. that DespotlSm.
Ignorance. Stohdlty. Incidence and unthrit OF
all kinds vaInly strive 10 render other than the
Garden OF Europe The banks OF the Canals
and the sides of the highways are generally lined
with trees rows Of which also traverse many
If not most OF the fields. 81 that from certain
points the whole country seems one vast, low
forest or umbered opening OF Poplar. Willow
Mulberry, Locust. &c. There are few Oaks,
more ElmS. and some species | did not recog-
ME. and the Vine through all this region Is
trained on dwared or shortened trees, sometimes
along the roadside, but ottener IN rows through
one.fourth OF the fields. while IN few instances
It Is allowed thus 20 obtain an altitude OF thirty
or forty feet OF Fruit | have seen only the
Apricot and the Cherry IN abundance, but there
are some Pears. while the Orange and Lemon
are very plentiful In the towns, though
think thew are generally brought from Ma
pies and the Mediterranean coast. But finer
crops of Wheat. Grass. Hemp. sc. can grow
nowhere than throughout this country. while
the Indian corn which Is abundautly plant
cd. would weld rs amply II the people knew
how to cultivate IT. OHIO has no better soil
nor climate for this grain. OF potatoes or
other edible roots have seen very little. Hemp
Is extensively cultivated, and grows most lux
uriantly Man IS the only product OF this prolitc
land which seems stunted and shrlyeled Were
and
liberal government, with single tarlit, com
age. mail post &c. a thorough system OF com
mon school education, small navy. but no pass
ports. and 4 public policy which looked to the
fostering and dlverSlfylng of her industry, she
might easily sustain and enrich population o.
sixty millions As 1t Is one. halt OF her twenty
five millions are IN rags. aud are pInched by hun
ger. while inhabltlng the best wheat country IN
Europe, from which food IS constantly and
largely exported There Is at least one hundred
millions of dollars locked up m useless decora-
tIous of churches, and not one common school
house from Savoy 20 Sicily little education,
after a fashion. Is htfully dispensed by certain
religious and charitable foundations. 80 that the
child lucky enough to be an orphan or illcgiu-
RI ilt Has y iiiiNf W ~ thHbHN w '''''' 49,
write but any such thing as apractleai recogni'
ton Of the night 10 education, or AZ public and
general provision for impartIng 1t. Is utterly un-
known here Grand and beautiful structures
are crowded IN every city, aud are crnmbling to
dust on every SIDE a single township dotted at
proper intervals with eight or ten schoolhouseS
would be worth them al With infinite water
LII al ant other
country IN the civilized world aud millions OF
children at once naked and IDLE because no one
will employ ;hem 1t even slI-pence day, She
has not one cotton Or WOODEN factory that |
have vet seen, and can hardly have one at all,
though her mountains afford vast and excellent
sheep-walks and Naples can grow cotton II she
Will Engaad aud Germany manufacture nearly
all the few fobrIcs ol cottoI. or wool worn here,
because those who should lead. instruct, and
euoloy this People. are blln, to their duty or re-
creoutto It's obligations Italy. once the light oi
the world. Is dylng oi anstocrauc torpor ana
non,lar lroorance, whence come Incidence, SUI
per,tltlon. and widespread Generalization and .
misery
-Booena i, walled city Of Seventy Thou
sand inhabitants. with about 40 much trade and
business of all Ainds ss an American village d
ten to twenty Thousand people | doubt that
thirty parsons per day are carried into or brought
on, OF II by all public conveyances whatever. II
Is well built on narrow streets, like nearly all
Italian cities. and manlfests considerable activity
in the way o.. watching gates and r'sslng Pass
ports Though IN tie Papal territory, II Is under
Austrian guardianship in Austrian sentinel
constantly paced the courtyard Of the Hotel
Brlen' where I stopped Though the -econd
town n tie Pope's temporal dominion, strongly
walled. Il has 40 Military strength, beng com
manded rs 4 hill L short mlle south Of 1.-THE
last hal. .emeraD.r having seen TIL ! reached
Venice and looked across over the laeoons TO
IL. E.,-ar,,ar MI ". the NAN land sO sOnth