The New York herald., 1851-09-18
Letter froIn Gen. IN, Jefferson Sutherland.
yaavoo and the Wormsns.

High WTRa-.Ssttlnsstts ~ Ns5TassG- Chsig-
reyai P.l5sic Lanis- UatInsbGel LISds-Gras-
ing ami Too,- Groteing, Re.
avail myself Of an opportunity to cennu-
nicate with post-ofce TO send you this sheet, and
the contents which have thereon jotted down.
On account Of the heavyrains, which for the past
two months have been mora than usual in this part
Of the world, and which have ksp.the sraal streams
above .heir banks, the accounts from the emf
grants who have gone over he plains have not
been frequent, and consequently our knowledge of
their advances and condition is bu. msagre,
though from the best information, VIC may con-
cude that ali Of the companies of emigran.s which
started from this region, the Missouri, haze kept
clear Of the cholera, and that they have pro-
ceeded with more than ordinary SUCCESS, and con-
tinue in prosperous condition
Few or none Of the towns the Missouri river,
from st: Louis TO St. Joseph, have this season ss
capped the cholera, and in some OF the places it
has been most malignant in its character. As yet,
have heard o. no cases Of cholera among the In
dians this side of the river; but this may be in
great measure attributable TO the fact that their
principal bodies have g,ns west, en- their annual
huntiog excursions.
The Missouri river and its tributaries have OBJ
tanned higher stage o. water this season than at
any time since 1916, and the waters have been kept
up, Gas they are now,) az high stages, for length
Ct time unusual
In this Territory few white families have been
domiciled, ard are now remaining on the IN tian
lands with the penalties Of the lnd III BILL enacted
by Congress, in 1884, hanging over their heads:
and beyond th se there no white settlements IN
Nebraska. Yet there are three separate tracts,
(and fourth, which may be added by the prscla
lands of the United States, from which the Indian
title has been extinguishea lying within the limits
proposed for this Territory. These lands, from
which the Indian title has been estinguished, en-.
nf tha iaar
geous positions, and Include soil equal to any IN
the world and they are now without any settlers
or white population, though they are as uuch sub
ject to sottemen. as any Of the unsuryeyed public
lands lying in the several States and territories
other than this upon which there are not less than
$50 600 settlers. Hence here is offered an opportu
niy (and il is the last which can be oered) for the
land reiomers Of tho Union, &c TO try demon.
straton of the resu. Of free allotment Of The soil
TO actual settlers here, az yet, no land speeula
tors and monopoiists; ard "buazarl men, or
"squatters" have set their feet. lie; Congress
enact The proper law, and the p5lnaiP'es OF "iand
reform" may be here fully tested.
There exists here paucity of timber. which, un-
der any ~ stem o! settle enent that may be adopted
for the Territory, will leave, For many years large
tracts of land comprised Of bottoms. plains and
bald prairie, without cativators. These timber
less tracts produce annually large growths of ma
tural or prairie grass, which constitute them excel
lent pasturage lands, aftordng abundant feed for
animals of the domestic kind, for eight nine
at tie proper time, and cured in the usual manner,
affords quality OF hay quite sufficient for the sup
port Of stock during the winter, Which in this re-
gion is much less than il is in the la.
tudes cast of the valley Of Mississippi Therefore,
this territory offers great inducement to stock
farmers; and there is but little snow in the win
tiers, here, seldom enough to cover the ground, and
the lands being generally high and rolling, and
well watered, this country, above all others, is
adapted to wool growing. Another fact in favor OF
this territory as sheep country-the winters are
dry, and the We. weather does not usually set in
until late in the month or June, when the fleeces of
the sheep will have been clipped think Ne
braska is destined to become the greatest sheep
rearing country Of this continent; and the Terri
tory has plenty of mill streams, and here might be
manufactured all the wool which could be produced
in the section of country We can manufacture
woollen goods in this terrsory with profit, without
protective tariff.
Myself, with a number of other individuals, are
proposing to found a settlement here upon the
surveyed public lands; and We are desirous that
others should avail themselves of the advantages
which are offered, and which we are disposed to
seize upon, avail my self Of your widely circulated
newspaper to communicate to the public few
brief notices upon the Nebraska Territory"
which, in my opinion, is destined to become, ere
long, the "Eden State Of this great and glorious
Union. Very respectfully, Sc,
TH JEFFERSON SUTHERLAND.
NAuvoo, HANCOCK COUNTY, IIL.,)
August IL, ISL. 5
Cholera on the Upper Mississippi-Pr Present Aspect Of
the City Of the Latter Day Slia,s-Rains Of the
Itmple-Business Locafioa-AIorb,oas at Tais
Day, &c.
TO THE EDITOR OF TIE NEW YORK HERALD.
SrR-Before proceeding to the Atlantic seaboard,
about TO- for the purpose Of interes sting per-
to remove to the territory of Nebraska, where
l purpose to make my future residence, bethought
it might be well to take look at the country Of
the Upper Mississippi; and accordingly, upon or
irving at ST. Louis, took steamer for the up
country, and had myself put Of at this place. and
am now a boaIder at the mansion house Of the late
Prophet Smith, and my landlady is less per.
sonage than she who was the wife Of the Prophet
now Mrs. Bideman.
Just at this time the cholera prevails here, and ia
all the towns Of the neghborhood. Ofthe number
Of cises, have no information; the deaths By cho
last eight days. At Keokuk, (ten miles below this
place. On the opposite side Of the riyer) which, like
this, Is considered place Of extraordinary good
health, the cholera has ragged for the three iour
weeks now just passed; the number Of deaths there
on one day nave been as high as nine. At madison,
(ten miles above this place,) the cholera has done
It's work also. In ten days, twelve persons had died
At little town called Carthage, situated out on
the prairie, eighteen miles from this eight or ten
persons had died Of cholera in two or three days. the
week before last. The disease has also shove itself
At West Point, little place on the praric ihlowa,
back Of Madison few miles. IL appears here in
The most nalignan, type, and seems 70 be every
where along this river.
II did not require the presence Il cholera to give
ttis place the aspect Of Loneliness, full :nird
part OF the houses tenantless, and any Of them
are falling into ruins. In the palmy days of the
Prophet smith, this town was comprised OF from
600 10 800 houses, with population exceeding
~, COO inhabitants. Many houses have been torn
down; and according TO my count, the present num-
ber OF houses will no. exceed so. The population
is estimated at 1000 souls These last include
Monsieur Cabets lcar.an Association, the number
Df which ie about three hundred Of both all
'ges. These people are too poor u allow a suppo-
.iiion Of their doing anything for the sdvanOoent
II Nauvoo. The association Is very much like the
shakers, except that the trench tolerate matri-
noDy.
1be ruins Of the temple are a very prominent fea
vre of the town. The west ena-tne portion which
included the ycstibule, and which was the proper
the only part of the walls nov standing.
The ether parts including those OF three sides, have
allen down since the burning oi the eiifice. The
Tiew from the site Of the temple Is BY no means so