The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-01-26


The second 10 preclude the purchase of asds in large
quantities by spectators These embrace the Two most
important objects TO be accomplished by the proposed
change wish, therefore, 10 say lew words regard
TO these two points
i Is supposed that by grant Of land in the manner
which here proposed 10 the landless tracts of 100
each. large numbers of people residing OF the
States may be induced 10 change their residence 10
become settlers in the West and cutvators of the soil
think the views entertained by gentlemen on this
point should receive some modification. Great changes
N the industrial pursuits OF community can never be
Se s Of hs
the sailors upon the ocean, classes OF individuals
seek success in the enpoyments which they
toned; and no Inducements such here offered will
persuade them to change their location and their
lions. and to attempt the cultivation OF the soil in dis
iant region large portion q the eommany who are
sy Ts sasF spS y " is!ssns @ s ssr
means in busness where Il will be profitable 10
as .na oy lns Interest," from choice they are
Now let US suppose that. instead Of offering 100 acres
nducement to settle upon and cultivate the public
lands we were to change the nature of the proposition
and tender an equivalent in money This proposition
would give 1900 in cash to every individual who would
emigrae TO the States, condition that he should
buy land, for which he would pay the amount and
become settler The iLducement thus offered would be
SO ille en'icing, aPpehend, that very few would be
people would deem il OF too little moment to induce
them TO incur the expense and hazard of change 10
toned Occasionally individual might accept the offer
and fulfil the terms But in its national aspect this is
not question OF influence on few individuals; II is
proposition to induce by the offer important changen
the industrial pursuits OF citizens;o induce masses
OF men 10 remove from portion OF the country to
other and to devote themselves TO agricultural labor
For this purpose there can be little doubt that the offer
would be found almost entirely Intellectual.
But again, sir those who know anything Of the settle
ment OF new country are-we aware how deusive is
The idea that every person is fitted for success in cutva
ting farm in the wilderness. Here, as elsewhere. he
a" and moral 10 command @ md il it, Economy industry and
energy mus, be his constant attendants he must become
Injured TO toll and secure the strength OF muscle and the
vgo OF constitution which his labor requires For the
want OF these, it not unfrequenty happens that indvid
uals, settled their newly purchased land find them
selves unequal to the task which they have undertaken
Rich the reward OF success and great the in
ducemens Tor settling the productive lands belonging to
the government these qualifications indispensable TO
those who undertake the task They who have watched
the current OF emigration must have remarked that the
successful settlers OF new country are generally sons
OF the hardy farmers OF the East: The State OF New
York has sent more men 10 the West who have sue
cessuy contended with the difficulties incident TO the
settlement OF a new country than almost any State OF
nished settlers in great numbers who are distributed
throughout the States They were principally
young Injured TO toll AT home, whose character was
domitable perseverance would yield in any pursuit
until il had secured do gentlemen who
matter and think SO many qualified to succeed in building
up States, that they have not carefully watched
the progress OF emigration TO the western country.
| apprehend that few individuals, If any, deferred
from ems rating the West OF the present
price of The public lands The high price Of wages in
who has an arm and s will for toll fhs present price Of
land Of the least difficulties in the way OF settling
the public domain II we were TO reduce the price OF
, land besow il gratntously in State, and
charge the price now fixed by law for in every other
know very well the tide of emigration would be turned
10 tina. particular point Il this should be done with the
lands IN my own State have doubt that emigration
would rapidly flow in and settle the public domain but
ii would be chiefly Withdrawn from the emigration
which seeking settlements somewhere. This IN
uuCemeut would direct Its would create
the tide The may easily, and by slight means, be
diverted to the right hand the left but you cannot
easily elevate the fountain increase its volume OF
, water.
In the of the sale of the public domain the general
law of purchase applies and the demand will always
regulate the quantity which will be sold. There are
many other than the price which operate TO in
crease diminish the number OF settlers. The loss OF
ship at sea, having on board emgrans from foreign
country this their friends al home, and
suppresses the desire of seeking home among The
burning of steamer on the lakes, or an explosion on
the river, always operates check TO immigration.
Oppression IN the governments OF Europe wars, famine,
and heavy taxation, always increase immigration to
the world with ite apparent connexon with The sub
lec exert their influences upon the immigration, upon
which the demand for land greatly depends;
The general uniformity OF this demand OF land Tor set
emeni exhibited by the annual returns OF the depart
men When large quantities Market under grants
to the States or for bounes or other purposes the an
nual sales by government diminished; when these
are absorbed It returns TO lis original amount Ihe de-
mand gradually increased year by year but with the
actual settlement is apparent
The causes which produce this uniform and repressi-
BILE tide OF settlers the public domain numerous
and complicated, among which the price OF the land is
but the dust in the balance. Whether diminished
abolished, retained al its present its effect will
scarcely be perceptble in the grand result
Government has heretofore made partial experiment
OF the system OF granting portions OF the public domain,
hoping thereby to facilitate its settlement II would be
interesting labor, il the facts could be ascertaned,
to determine how far the settlement Of the country was
promoted thereby.
H To the soldiers in the OF 1912 bounty lands were
granted under which required the title to be taken
in the of the soldier himself, and valuable lands
ernnen not merely TO bestow reward for services,
but carry the object Of this bill by giving him
home in the portion OF the country. IL 10 not
possible to how many OF them settled their
lands II is part OF the history Of the country, how
ever that the lands assigned for this purpose
ldy in their settlements, that the soldier, many in
refused to migrate and settle upon them and sold
his right or trhc that many OF the titles were lost by
sales Tor unpaid taxes and few OF the grantees ever be-
came occupants OF them
In the Mexican war, bounty land sufficient for farm
as in the other il the design OF the government to
afford those who fought in Mexico opportunity OF be-
coming settlers without cost the public domain well
TO bsstow reward for their patriotic services The
right in this made assgnable before the issue OF
the patent Now have taken the pains to ascertain, ~
far in my power, how many OF these soldiers actually
| settled on the land In March last 1852 patents had
been issued for lands granted bounty TO the soldiers
of the Mexican OF these AIS were issued TO as
s'gnees and only l6s to the soldiers themseves OF
ls4 os0 of land TO the soldiers themselves and
4 eta 40 IN And OF thIa M