New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-12-05

iLt fiENlt O. flI ItAil-i' 81 -''@-~ -''''
The aconisition of New Mexico and California,
ard the rapid expansion OF our settlements IN pfe-
gCy sLC Utah have given incIeaseI imPof- 4. y
our Incjsu relations, and may render Oh tose III
our whole policy IN regard TO them necessary
Heretofore our settlements beng confined 10 Toe
eaStern portion Of our conui ehl, we nave pc
gradually forcing the Indian rioeS westward IS le
nde al porua iOn flowed IN that erection. by tnis
means they have been accumulated IN large num-
otrs on the EN- frontier The results nave been
injury t. the Indians BY crowd.Dg them together IN
such numbers that The game IS insufficient for their
support and Injustice to the Western States, whose
security endangered by the proximity Of their saw
age neighhols. But, since the acquisition OF Cali
fornia and Oregon, and the establishment OF large
Settlements the coast OF the Pacific aud IN Utan,
a new flow Of white population is advancing upon
'hem from the West The pressure is therefore ln-
cIeasiDR upon them from both sides Of the continent
On the north and the south tney are also hemmed N
by civilized communities They are thus encom-
passed BY unbrOken chain of civilization, and the
question forces itself upon the mind OF the states
and the phllanthTopist, what is TO become Of
the aboriginal race This question must now De
family met. tempOnzlng system can no longer De
pursued. The policy OF removal, except under pc
cuia circumstances must necessarily be abandoned.
And the only alternative lett Is 10 clvilZe or exer-
inmate them. We must adopt one or the other a
Just, humane and Christian people cannot long hes
ltate which 10 choose and II only remains to de-
eide upon the means necessary TO be adopted TO
effect the contemplated revolution In the indian
character and destiny 1t Is great work, and VII
require time for its accomplishment but II cam and
| believe viii, be achieved. IL must be commenced
by substituting kindness fOf coercion by feeding
and clothing Them rather than warning upon and
1TiviDg them from their territory.
1t cannot be denied that most OF the depredatlons
committed by the Indians on our frontiers are the
offspring of dire necessity The advance OF our popu
lsOn compels them to renqulsh their fertile lands
and seek refuge an sterile regions which furnish
neither corn nor game tor their subsistence I'M
PEELED by hunger they seize the horses, mules and
cattle of the pioneers relieve the wants and satisfy
the cravings of nature They are Immediately pur-
SueG and when overtaken severely pu2lshed. This
creates feeling of revenge on their part which
seeks its qualification in outrages on the persons and
property Of peaceable inhabitants. The whole coun
Try then becomes excited, and desoating war, at
tended with vast sacrifice Of blood and treasure,
This it is believed, is true history OF the
results like these, L would respectfully recommend
that appropriations be made TO buy food and clothing
70 supply lheK immediate wants tndt they De per-
mlteC 10 retain suitable portions OF their present
territory, which should be set apart for their excu
sive and occupation that they be furnished with
implements OF husOandry and domestic animals and
encouraged TO engage IN agricultural and pastoral
pursuits and TO rely the products of their labor,
instead of the spos Of the chase for the support of
themselves and their families.
The great obstacle TO success, which must be met
and overcome in the outset, Is their nOmadlc mode
Of life All history admonishes us OF the difficulty
OF clvillzing wandering race who live mainly upon
game. To tame a savage you must tie HIM down TO
the soil. You must make him understand the value
of property and the benefits Of its separate owner
ship. Your must appeal to those selfish principles
implanted by Divine Providence in the nature Of
man for the wisest purposes, and make them minis
ter TO civilization and refinement 1ou must en-
courage the appropriation of lands by individuals
Attach them to their homes by the ties OF interest
teach them the uses of agriculture and the arts OF
peace, and make them learn to substitute beef and
pork and mutton their food for the deer and the
buffalo Mildness must supplant force Their self
respect must be stimulated, and manual labor schools
al tha,r op1t how no oh
TO look forward to the day when they may be elevated
TO the dignity of American citizenship.
BY means like these We shall soon reap our re-
ward III the suppression OF Indian depredatlons in
the diminution of the expenses OF the Department
of War in valuable addition 70 our productive
population in the increase OF our agriculture ana
commerce, and In the proud consciousness that we
have removed from our national escutcheon the
stain left upon 1t by our acknowledged injustice TO
the Indian race.
To some, these suggestions may seem chmercal.
Many regard the Indians as an inferior race ana IN
capable of civilization and this fatal error our
policy in regard 10 them has been based. The his
tory Of Powhatian, and Logan, and COrnstalk, and
Osceola are sufficient TO disprOve 1t. But were fur
theT evidence wanting, 1t might be found IN the
archives OF this Department, among tAe recorGs OF
the interviews and discnssions between 7, MI J9nn
the boundary line between the United States ana
Mexico, and the chiefs of the tribes on that IRON
tier In elevation of sentiment, clearness OF STAKE,
ment force of reasoning, fefvor OF eloquence, ana
disnfed yet touching pa.hos, these extemporaneous
efusions Of the untutored sons of the forest viii
heaI a favorable comparison with the more sludleo
h9rappues Of our Cduc 2ted orators
The consition of the tribes residing In New-l ork
fun shes striking illustration of what the pollcy
have ndcated can accomplish. We ma them
living IN The midst OF civilized community, pursu-
inc ina ordinary vacations Of social fe cultlvatlng
their FARMS accommodating property, ucatihg
then children and fulfilling al the duties OF good
citizens.
4, IN ha Eouth also. although more re-
moved nom immediate contact with the whites, I'M
der the influence OF the wise ana humane pohTy
which has been pursued toward them, are gradually
adopting the usages and industrial pursuits Oh our
cill2ens and begin already to exhbl, Just appreci-
alton OF the principles Of civil liberty Nllh tneSe
noble examples before US, should avail ourselves
of the instruction which they afford, and lose no time
IN applying the same means for the regeneration Oh
the savage tribes of the interior. - .
The laws regulating trade and commerce Win tue
Indian tribes III general not beng IN force IN ieAas,
our Indian relations in that state still continue III an
embarrassed condition. To enable the Department
to exercise the necessary authority over the noans
in Texas it is indispensable that suitable country
should be set Apart for their exclusive occupancy,
where measures may be introduced for their gradual
civilization and improvement
The subject of our Indian affairs in Texas has
been advertod to in the annual reports OF the ne,
partment and those of the Indian office Tor severai
successive wears past, and | recommend that the
attention Of Congress be again and earnestly invited
20 1t.
JUDICIAL EXPENSES.
The law having devolyed on the Secretary Oh the
Interior supervisory power over the accounts OF
MarShalS Clerks, and other officers oil the courts oi
the United States, my attention mas oeeh turhea 70
the various acts of Congress on that sub ect and the
usages which have grown up under them The nrst
thing which attracted my notice was the RAPID IN
crease Of the expenses of the judicial Department
which as will be seen by the annexed taole, (Aj
bears no ust proportion 10 the increase OF the popu
latlon and business of the country. -
-Upon examination found that the laws resuitt
the fees of the ministerial officers Of the Courts are
obscure conflicting, and, as whole, ineomprehensl-
bic Different constructions have been gwen 70 men
hy different Judges, and the consequence Is thai tne
conversation IN some states is inadequate, anu III
others extravagant. In some instances me iauitish
the law in others it is ia It's administration
With the view of presenting the whole SUBJECT more
fully than could do in the limits of tins report al
dressed letter 20 the trs Controller OF 'ne Iieasu