The New York herald., 1851-10-02

NO doubt no efforts Whatever will be spared to 10
clude the ast mentioned port in the new treaty, in
spite Of the wishes and interests Of the immense
jority Of it sinhabitants.
The Submarine Telegraph between France
and England.
From the London Times, Sept. IL.
The preparations for making another attempt to
lay do own a lire Of electrical communication at the
bottom of the sea, between the English and French
coasts, are rapidly progressing to completion.
That it is possible to transmit current OF gaivanic
electricity from one shore to the other by means
of an insulated wire deposited in the bed OF the
Channel, was fully demonstrated by the expert
ment OF last year, unsuccessful as II was in perma
nently establishing the communication. The only
question now remaining to be solved is, whether
sufficient measures can be adopted to insure the
connecting chain against the casualties which
proved fatal to the project as originally designed,
and according to the plan now finally determined
sired end. The essential conditions upon which
the success OF the undertaking have been shown to
depend are in the first place, that the conducting
medium should be so securely isolated as to resist
the pressure Of the immense OF water to which
it Will be subjected, and should unite the fexbility
requisite to allow of its being easily coilsd and
uncoiled with strength and weight sufficient
to enable it to retain its position at the bot
tom of the sea, and to resist any ordinary vio-
lence from the natural action oil the waves and,
secondly, that the points on either coast to be
connected should be so chosen that the line between
them present no other causes Of accident than
have been foreseen and guarded against in the pre-
paration OF the connecting line, and that the effect
Of these be reduced to the least possible amount.
The line of communication which is now being ma
nufactured at Mapping WILL il is expected, entirely
fulfil the required conditions. II consists Of four
copper wires Of tho thickness of an ordinary bell
wire, cased in gutta percha and twined with cor
responding number of hempen strands stepped in a
mixture OF tar and tallow into rope OF about an
inch diameter. Another strand similarly prepared
is wound transyersely round this, aud finally ten
wires of galvanized iron, about third Of an inch
thick, twined 70 and this central and form
solid and, at the same time, flexible casing. The
whole when thus completed, has the appearance Of
an ordinary ~. inch metallic cable. The machinery,
by which this is effected, is extremely simple, aud
the work proceeds, night and day, with the utmost
regularity. huge coil is thus being formed in
one continuous piece at the rate Of about | miles
day, and will finally attain the length of twenty
four miles. The weight of the entire rope when
finished. it is estimated, will be from 10 to ls0
tons. From time TO time, as the work proceeds,
galvanic current Is passed through the wires and
their conducting power is tested by galvanometor.
The results thus obtained have been hitherto highly
satisfactory, and as the whole length Is now nearly
completed there is every reason to anticipate that
the same success will attend the work to the end.
MessrS. Champion and Wollaston, the engineers
who have undertaken to carry out the necessary
measures for establishing the submarine telegraph,
have recently been engaged in exploring the coast
in the neighborhood Of Calais, for the purpose Of
selecting the most advantageous point towards
which to dire,t the line of communication. In per.
forming this task they have had the advantage of
the experience Of Captain Bullock, who Is engaged
in survey Of the channel, and whose steam vessel,
the Fearless, has been placed at their disposal.
The starting point on the English coast which has
been fixed upon as the most advantageous, on ac-
count Of the nature Of the beach and the para
tive freedom from the danger Of ships snchorng In
the immediate vicinity. lie the South Foreland The
line will be conducted down shaft practised per-
psndcularly in the cliff and along short tunnel,
communicating with 1t at right angles, TO the
beach, where IL is proposed to bury IL at some con-
siderable depth beneath the single, TO the lowest
level Of ebbude. The spot selected on the French
coast for similar reasons is situated about four
miles to the south Of Calais, near the village Of
Sanngate. The beach ut this point consists entirely
Of sand aad ridge of sandhs called dunes extends
for considerable distance along the coast, protect
| ing the adjacent country from the nrosds Of the
| sea. The line will here be buried egain TO some
depth beneath the sand, and ,h,ag the danes,
the unicating wires will be continued under.
ground TO the telegrsphic station at Calais, aud
| brougb, into immediate Communication with the
| network Of telegraphic lines radiatng from that
| point. and embracing the principal towos Of the
| continent. The line from the South Forelsnd to
Ssungate, although net the shortest tha. could be
| draw between the two coasts, Is that which pre-
stnts the fewest chances otaccident The points at
| the two extremes are those where the low water
mark s nearest the high, and the character Of the
bed Of the channel lying between, as far as can be
ascertain ed by careful soundngs offers no peculia.
rites likely to affect the integrity o. the conducting
| line
Every facility that could be given Cor establish
ing TIE connection of the submarine wire with the
teelraphie station at Calais has been granted with
| the greatest slecrity by the French government,
as we'll as by those persons whose local rig hts had
TO be consulted before the line could be laid down,
and should the experiment prove successful, as far
as regards the Transmission Of the galvanic eud
across the channel, the communication With Psrii
| will be slmott Immediately established.
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