The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-11-11

In fact, both the Earl of Durham and Lord Svdeu.
ham ascribed the subsequent outbreak to the con-
duct Of the dominant party, and their assumption
and division among themselves Of all places Of
power and profit.
In Lower Canada as will have Been per ived. the
same cause of complaint existed, and the ami
mostly of the French Canadians was directed
against what was termed bureaucracy Even at
the present day, they insist that thet did not take
up arms against the British government, but against
the official clique who ruled the provinces.
Meetings were held in both provinces, OF violent
character; militia officers, and even magistrates
were elected, and the laws were set at defiance by
bodies Of armed men AT length the troops and
volunteers we're marched from Montreal against
the rebels; a regiment was sent from Halifax
during the winter Of 1897, and carly in the follow
ing spring the instruction was suppressed. f. w.
Our Montreal Correspondence.
MONTREAL, November l, 1851.
Commercial SpfuingS-7he Operation of English
Trade upon this Colony ugittre Slapes in Ca
nada- Unsettled Condition Of the MiniShy-D Defects
in or Political Organism-Ciy Candidates
The Weathr-Hgh Wages on the Rqlpays-
Lord Eigin at Quebec
Commerce and politics are under cloud; thoy
both look sombre and sad. The trade is passing
through what political economists dignity with the
title of crisis. To look at the announcements in
the city journals of the various public sales and con
over the huge quantities of merchandise advertised
to be disposed of by auction, careless reader might
fancy the merchants of Montreal were reposing in
the lap Of fortune--a more critical enquirer would
learn that these ncessant public sales indca.
ton Of an unhealth. condition of commerce. Mer-
chants call auctions and sell their goods to raise
cash and lessen their stocks but tho operation i;
one of Objectionable goods are frequently sold for
less than the FIRST cost and some parties must bea
the loss A knowledge of this fact, nourishes be-
lief that the winter mot eapse unmarked by COM
mereial failures This extreme view Of our trade
receives some Warranty from the disastrous inAu.
ence exercised upon the Colonial export trade by
English free trade in corn.
The English theory of free trade ignored the ey-
istonce OF colonies Its ardent advocates condemn
their retention and counsel their abandonment. The
practice of English free trade as now interpreted
j. to retain our ports open to check native manu-
features and compete with Americans while We
are virtually excluded from the English grain mar.
kets, by the Egyptian, French, and Russian grain
and -four dealers. Our shippers have had salutary
lessons upon this point the present season; nasmuch
as the majority of the shipments Of flour from Ca
NADIA to England have resulted il serious losses
The local trade is healthy and sound, thanks to
an abundant harvest, and the remunerative market
the dealers enjoy in the United States, whore tn,
faImers poultry, eggs, oats, peas, &c, ind ready
sale. The stimulating effect consequent upon the
opening Of this new channel of traffic. is perceptible
in the augmented supply; and it may be asserted,
as one ofthe axioms Of the day, that Canada makes
upon Ill tue produce sne senQS TO the united
States, and that she loses money upon all the pro-
duce she exports to England When it is borne in
mind, that produce entering the United States pays
~ per cent duty, the contrast does not tend to
strengthen the farmers attachment to the English
English free-traders anticipated such feeling,
and frankly accepted the consequences; though
when the day OF separation does come, the cotton
lords OF Manchester may be the FIRST TO denoulce the
fatal policy.
Your fugitive slave law inundated this country,
during the summer, with negroes With the cold
weather, they have diminished in numbers. Tho
laws OF nature cannot be violated with inpunity.
Here nature is adverse to negroes, affecting them
with malady from which the white race is COM
paratively exempt; while they discover that oil the
avenues OF industry are thronged with competitors
Injured to this rough climate.
The information possessed by Canadians, derived
from their intercourse with their fellow colonsts
residing in the British West India Islands, nstructs
them that interference with slave interests
ting from philanthropc soteries, is emnently dis
trous to the proprietor and the slave those islands
presenting melancholy spectacle Of social ruin, q,
contrasted with their former prosperity.
Our elections await the combinations of the
ministerial concave. In that secret cavern tho
contending factions arc struggling for pre-euf-
hence. The diplomatic formula of our journalism
out boldly, fearful of compromising his journal, or
inadvertently wounding friend Elements essen
TALLY discordant are thrown together in the cab-
net, anxiously awaiting an amalgam. In the
published list of ministeralists found the names
If men, who six months past, expended the vocabu-
larry Of abuse depouncing each other The lust Of
office now constrans them to fraternze. This var
nish Of poteness can hardly resist the rough en-
counter of active politics, and the first question in
new cabinet
The infusion Of fresh blood into the forming
ministry implies elective institutions, vote by bal
lot and the various features Of your form OF govern
ment, with the very grave distinction, that we have
no written constitution; neither have we Supreme
m int hat tftt.A ,naf
for the security of the subject Under our form of
government, our lower house makes the laws and
names the judges to explain them. The upper
house is q nonehtity; the Governor a CIPHER. No
Governor dare resist n vote OF the lower house.
He must assent to the dictation Of the prime minis
ter. We have exchanged the rule Of governor
and council, for an irresponsible electoral body.
In the course Of human events such unrsstrained
powers will occasionally degenerate into excuses.
That period may be near or remote, but 1t causes
apprehension for the peace Of the country, and
prompts some Of our abest men to look for future
guarantees in annexation.
The present candidates for city honors are Holmes,
the former member; Devin,, a wealthy, but obscure
lrishman, backed by his oountrymen, who con6ds
hosted into the Office Of head ofthe Board of Works.
1t seems sppremely absurd to imagine that man.
because he Is gazetted to an Office, should be quail
fed for its duties Yet, practically, such Is the
usage here. Young knows nothing Of engineering,
mechanics, on those scientific labors consequent
upon the construction OF great public works; never
theless, to carry out some political scheme, be Is
the present commissioner Of our Board Of Public
Works, and is most anxious to become member Of
Parliament, condition entailed upon his pancy
Of the post. Money is all potent at our elections;
IT, therefore, he opens wide his purse, he may call
himself our member sometime next Jahuary-such
being the date now assigned for the election.
We have had all kinds Of weather--very hot,
very cold, snow, rain, and gales Of wind-it has
now settled down into cool bracing atmosphere,
and the farmers are completing their autumn labor.
The rail ways in the vicinity of Montreal, attract
all the laborers, the wages Of the lowest grade
being one dollar per diem.
Lord ElgR is living quietly at Quebec, whore the
citizens have been excessively civil to him. He
has hired an hotel for the wintor months, tho
Governor Generals's residence not being ready for
him. b.
The Coal TRADE FOR 1851 The quantity sen
this week by railroad is g, 40 1e-by canal, IL,
9S7 05-for the week, 81, As IL tons The canal
fallen off about 1000. making falling off Of ahout