The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-03-25


United states. ~
Fly the arrival Of the steamer Promstheus, VIC
have intelligence two weeks later from san Juan
di Nicaragua, than that received by the Crescent
City steamer. Our correspondence will furnish i'm
por,ant points on the state of affairs in that port
held by the British, and mus, arouse attention
in this country. We cannot be Indifferent TO the
subject, as a people, as few considerations viii
prove.
The action Of Sir Henry l.. Bulwer, at Wash
ington-the incessant and almost unyieding zeal Of
MIR. Chatfeld in and about San Juan di Nicara-
qua and Mosquitia-the tenacious hold which Lord
Palmerston retains Of his policy, thus far exhi-
bited in Central Amcrica-the Clayton treaty with
the British Minister, and the treaty between the
authorities Of Nicaragua and Mr. Squer who act
ed under instructions from government during
the administration Of President Taylor, have IN
important significance, though all the results, thus
far, present only confusion and embarrassment IL
was supposed, by the treaty between Mr. Clayton,
President Taylor's Secretary Of State, and Sir
Henry l.. Bulwer, that the government Of Great
Britain consented to relinqush the protectorste it
had strangely set up in behalf Of the so-callcd
King Of Mosqutia; but, if We may judge by well
established facts, far from such withdrawal OF
its Interference, every hour only gives additional
proof of additional zeal the part of the agents of
Lord Palmerston to maintain the position which
they assumed towards the houscless king, whose
Iutatve rights they designed to guard as the evi-
dence Of British sense Of justice and of duty.
Central America, or Guatemala, declared its In
dependence in 1873, and then consisted Of the five
States Guatemala, st. Salvador, Honduras, Costa
Rica and Nicaragua. Originally, the form of go
vornment was Il representative federal republic,
guided by President and Vice President, and in
many essential points resemblcd the government of
the United States. The population, however, being
of mixed character, internal connections were
easily excited by the intrigues of ambition, and
dissolution Of the union of States was the consc-
qucnce. so young government, subjected as 1t
was. TO the hasy zeal of adventurers-and particu-
lary British ones-who were bent upon their own
advancement rather than that of the whole mass
Of the people, could not preserve it unity, upon
which its power depended, and thus separate
independent republics have arisen from the dis
ruption. Since the discovery of California,
however, which has commenced that which is
hereafter to be lmitess trade with the Paci-
fc and all Asia, and the islands Of Polynesia,
and the continent Of Australia, these States, once
Of so little political and commercial Importance,
have suddenly sprung into vast consequence, and
arc destined become the very eynosure of nations
Lord Palmerston, Il very sagacous observer of all
political and commercial changes throughout the
world and pertinacioas protector of every foreign
State that can advance the interests of Great Bril-
tain, carly in pcrceivng the probable result
of the establishment Of powerful, energetic,
and wealthy American State the Pacific and
almost ccntemIoraneousy with the discovery Of
California gold, we find that his active agents
were busy in establishing u right of way through
these republics, which must be the great gates
through which the commerce of the world will
pass Let but that right of way be once
gained, thought Lord palmerston, and Great Bri-
tain will levy a toll on the entire enterprise Of the
globe. The future benefits, il is evident, worth
almost any struggle; but yet Mr. Clayton gave a
check to the ambition of the British Minister Of
Foreign Affairs. At least, he arranged that the
British government should virtually abandon its
protectoratc over Mosquitia and the United States
were taught to believe that there would be no in
iringement upon the Monroe doctrine with respect
to foreign interference in the affairs of this cOnti
nent
Now, what is the present position, All is con-
fusion and disturbance Jealousics excited be-
tween the Independent Central American States; and
wars keep up continual agitation, and every now and
then British agents perceived in the field, ncgo-
tiating between the beligercnt parties. Matters
arc growing worse and worse, and sensible men in
Central America begin to inquire what i. best to be
done for the common good and security. These in
quiric. have led to results which are seen in the
formation Of national party in each Of the States,
resolved to re-unite the original elements Of the
-. l.
equal to a defence for the good and se-
curity, and the future prosperity Of the whole poo
pie Under the auspices of this growing national
party which include the bet uen Of Central Ane-
RIGA, Signor Marcolcta has been sent minister
Tlenrotentiary to the United states, fully to repre-
sent the general sentiment Of the people and to
plain to our government the true position Of public
Affairs Though hi. commission i. from Nicaragua,
he i yet we'll Informed to tbs general wish ct the
people Of all the Central states to reform the fcde
rativs republic, which now can easily be made per-
mancnt, under the great circumstances which have
grown out the discoveries in and settlement ef Cali
forna. III. representations are important, and the
United states have a deep interest in the subjects
Of his mi-,ion.
On the other hand. the British agent. and those
who tide with them have also sent a representative
to this country. Sguor Moline, and il i very Curl
ous to observe tle remarkable efforts and diplomatic
intrigues dc.icned 70 ni.lead public opinion on the
purposes 81 hi. mission the whole scope and aim
Of which /. to secure for Great Britain footng on
thi. continent. - which the whole policy Of our
government has ever been opposed. A more inn
portant sutjec, has never come before any adj
mnistTation. a. must NC confessed by every
one who will di,rs ..iouateiy look into the whole
a. "a e. hat
sidcnt Fillmore and the Secretary Of state have
given too til, attention 10 IT, and il il marvellous
how any government should he lukewarin in
.uch an affair, vhcna fatal Indifference would prove
lasting disgrace. forever marked w troublesome