New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-12-05


MES this conn nCaio on. will afford much valuable
| information Tie whole expense incurred ~ MN
in The performance of these important duties did
not exceed ole thousand five hundred collars, oeins
| nc hing more than bis actual personal expenses
In my last report | stated my belief that the sum
| already appropriated for paying the expenses IN
cuTec IN taking the census and preparing II for pup
IcduCn wouiC be sufficient for that purpose IL mas
beer ascertaiuet. however, thstthe additional sum
| OF enc hundred and fifty thousand dollars will De
| Necessary, ard | therefore respectfully recommend
The appropriation OF thai amount for the completion
| OF the work.
| With the view Of enabling Congress TO form Just
estimate Of the Importance and varied CHARACTER OF
the admirable arrangement of the tables, the super
IieEteut has. with my sanction caused the returns
| ot Maryland 10 he printed for the use OF the men,
te's OF the two Eouses. That State was sele-,ed,
because, nom It's centrsl postlon snd the character
OF us population soil, productions, anG incuS,ral
pursuits, its presented the best illustration
OF the extent and practical utility VI the lnf)rms
| non winch has been gained.
| Another OBJECT was 10 furnish 4 specimen Of the
s.yle in which. according to my judgment, 1t ought
| 10 be published. such specimen viii be OF great
value contracting for the publication of the entire
work, BY furnishing a standard by which the con-
| tractor will be governed IN regard TO the paper
| printing. and general style OF execution.
| THE PATENT oFFiCE.
As the Commissioner OF Patents reports directly
to Congress, It is unnecessary for me TO present
REVIEW OF the operations of that Bureau. There Is
! one point. however. on which deem It my duty to
offer some explanation.
| Inc INDUSTRIAL ENnlOUlOn when was opened IN
| London IN the month Of May, naturally attracted
much attention in this country. Ii was the first &C.
caslOn IN the history of the world when all the ma
| tons Of the earth invited to make an exhibit
ton OF their natural productions. and the results OF
| labor IN all the departments OF industry.
Believing thatereat advantages would accrueto the
| people OF the United States from having an agent
prt sent al thS interesting display who was compe-
teri TO understand and describe all the objects OF IN
| t,rest which might be exhibited, authorized Mr..
Charles F. Stansbury intelligent officer connect
a 10 Dorfn thee ~ ~ lAn M
barge that duty.
| He accordingly spent several months in making a
MI ute examination of the most choice and valuable
lrCGuc,s of nature and art which were presented
and have no Doubt that his report, which is In
course of preparation, will be valuable and inter-
sting document Tie was instructed TO inform HIM
sell paiticua ry IN regard TO all the natural produc.
ttoHs. nipple monts- machinery. manufactures and
processes OF manufacture, works Of ars, and other
objects Of interest, peculiar TO EACH nation, so as TO
| be able to impart the knowledge thus acquired TO
| the people of our own country.
As all the latest Improvements in machinery and
the useful arts there displayed. careful de-
scrpton of them will be Of great value TO the Patent
Office, enabling II to decide whether machines aud
other alleged inventions and discoveries are really
new and useful, so as TO be proper subjects OF pa
tents, OF copied from those exhibited at the London
Far. The farmer and mechanic Will also be bene-
hted by obtaining information as 10 the mostapproved
implements, tools, and processes employed IN their
respective occupations and the general reader can
not fail TO be interested and insuuctedby an accurate
and authentic account of the most extensive and va
ried collection OF useful objects which has ever been
brought together from the different quarters OF the
world. 1t proposed to append this report 70 that OF
the Commissioner Of Patents and II Congress shall
deem It proper, 60 publish 1t with that document IL
VIII doubtless greatly enlarge the circle OF useful IN
formation, and give Stimulus to the enterprise
and industry OF the people
AGRICULTURAL BUREAU.
In my last report | earnestly recommended the
establishment Of an Agricultural Bureau. My opIn-
ion on that subject remains unchanged and beg
leave to refer to and reatrm all that then said In
regard to it,
Agriculture is unquestionaby the grea, interest Of
county, neither we have reference TO the num-
Der OF persons employed in It or 10 the value OF their
productions 1t appears from the census oil sio ina,
the whole number OF persons At that time engaged
In this pursuit was 3,1l995l IN manufactures, vi
749 and III commerce, ll7,6W. More than four
hfths OF the entire population were therefore EN-
ployed III the cultivation of the soil. At present u IS
believed that the proportion as still greater, III con-
sequence OF the change in the policy of the Govern
ment, which has induced many to become agficul-
tuIlsts who were formerly engaged III manufactures
And yet We find that, while a large portion OF the
sessions of every Congress is devoted to the prot
ton and encouragement of manufactures and COM
meTce, nothing has been done for agriculture
n e,eSs fe aaeg5Sn 81 to con
eress the establishment OF Bureau OF Agriculture,
but nothing was done to carr, his recommendation
into etiect.
The subject has since been brought TO the a.ten-
ton of Congress from time to time, by Executive
communications, reports OF the heads OF Depart
mtnt, and petitions from the people, but without
success.
As the results Of the late census have furnished
Official evidence Of the importance Of this interest,
ana as we are now al peace WIN all the word, ana
fortunately relieved from those dstraciIg and en-
bauassing topics which have SO long disturbed the
harmony OF cur Legislative Assemblies and with
drawn their attention from the true interests OF the
COUNTRY, Il seems TO NE that 10 time could be more
6uSpcious than the present 10 secure for this great
subject candid ard enlightened consideration.
The best mode of illustrating the utility OF an
Agricultural Bureau Is to present condensed state
melt Of the duties which II should be required TO
perform. IL should be charged with tue duty oil cod
iecting and disseminating information IN regard TO
the cultivation Of the soil, IN all It's branches IL
should investigate eyery proposed improvement IN
the tilage Of the earth IN the construction OF I'M
pements of husbandry. II should collect from our
own ard foreign countries every variety OF seed,
iiult, plant and vegetable, and distribute men,
with full aud accurate information as 10 tho sou,
climate and mode OF CULTIVATION best adapted 10
each. Through the agency OF our national ships
and merchant vessels arrangements could be
made for the importation Of all the valuable veg
cable productions and animals OF other countries
ms would enable US to appropriate to ourselves the
results Of the wisdom, experience, ana improve,
ueDts OF all the world IN regard 10 agriculture ana
we should soon be fende red independent OF other
countries for many articles which are now imported
az great cost. one more officers should be con-
reCted with At thoroughly acquainted with Inc prin-
pies of geology mIneraloey, chemistry and botany,
| for the purpose of investigating and reporting
uUon the character and properties OF every variety
soil, rock, mineral, and vegetable, and their adap
tation TO useful purposes. To this bureau should
! also be entrusted the duty Of experimenting the
| takiTg Of each decennlal census, and OF procu-
rpg and classify ing from year TO year all the sIatist-
cal information which be obtained IN respect to
the agriculture, manufactures, commerce, tunnage,
| revenue expenditures, financial and banking Sys-
tens, Improvements by railways. canals and roads,
Industrial pursuits and general progress OF every
State In the Union, and Of the principal nations OF
| the word. by this means a vast fund OF useigi
| knowledge, which cannot now be obtained, would
he always accessible TO Congress and the Executive.
The value OF such information IN shaping our own
| policy can hardly be estimated: Facts Ike these
the groundwork Of all wise Legislation IN the
language of an enlightened statesman Of Europe,
statistical knowledge IS the true basis OF every
ust and patensl administration, and without IL II Is
impossible TO realize the amel!oratons when are
| Necessary TO the prosperity OF the country" ms
lecIlIaIlI anulicabLe 20 our own COunLry,