The New York herald., 1851-10-30

II seems that the Austrian loan is almost dead
failure, as we anticipated it would be, and We are
sovereigns one lesson as that, high as they
carry their heads divine q, they are still Of the
earth, earthly, and dependent on public opinion In
Austria the rulers were so foolish as actually to h
change with their agents, spies, and creatures, ana
no person was permitted to utter word that nigh!
tend to produce what We should here call q fall Ia
the price OF stock, and any one who attempted II
was regarded as an enemy to the empire. but,
with all their power, their enormous armies, tner
spy police, and their grand reviews, the despots
cannot establish credit-they cannot induce capt.
talists to lend money to bankrupt State: i've
pound note, said Burke long ago, is OF value IN
Westminster Hall. But the Austrian charlatans,
who pretend to govern whilst they only rule, think
they treat capitalists as they do tho rank and
file of their armies. One thing, however, sorely
puzzles the despots, from st. Petersburg to that
most despica Ole Of all despotisms the priesty despot
Of Rome they all have to keep up enormous
armies, which must and will be paid, like the
Pr@toran Guards Of ancient Rome, and yet there
is no war between States. If the Germans or
Hungari ans would again only break out Russia
might pour 100000 men into either country, and
they would support themselves at the cost of tho
inhabitants, stripping them OF every thing, and
leaving and children to perish in their fields,
whilst the Cossacks took possession Of their property
and houses or, if France would only commence
war in favor of democracy, Russia, Austria, and
Prussia might send armies to invade France, aud
same might be done with Italy; but the people of
all these countries are perverse, that they will
not rise In rebellion the French avoid war; the
Germans will not fly to arms; and so the des pots
are left to provide for hundreds of thou sands of
in arms without war, which might be made to
support ITSELF and without the funds necessary to
provide for the wants of armies kept up only to
keep the people down. The result is obvious. The
despots want to borrow IN oney-tO run further into
debt-to keep up these armies. They ask their
subjects to furnish them with means to Oppress
them further The subjects dare not re ply in word
or in writing-thas would be treason But they re-
main SILENT and button their bree shes pockets. IL
is delightful to see the despots in this dilemma
They dare not put down their troops; they
cannot pay them; nor can they borrow sufficient
money for tae purpose. They cannot call parlis
Inepts to vote money and taxes; for parliaments
are not to be trusted by powers who rule by the
sword All that we hope for is, that the people all
over the continent will remain perfectly quiet sub
NIT to be governed by the sword, instead Of laws,
for the present; and the time will come when it
will be wisest, safest, BEST east for these despoti:
monarchs, like constitutional soveregns, to be SUBJ
ject to fundamental laws, as well as those whom
they reign. There is scarcely ruler on the conti-
nent that can move twenty yards without being
surrounded by an army, which moves forward in
omineus silence through their cities and towns.
Our Queen Victoria, too, is surrounded by thou
sands At Manchester she had body guard of
children Contrast that with the us generals and
the immense armed force with which the Emperor
Of Germany recently visited the towns, cities, for
ire ,ses nay, even the churches of Italy. Troops
troeps-nothing but troops But where were the
people!
The Cuban Question In Enginnd-Judge
CatrOn's Charge.
[Fpom the London Times Oct IA
From the Spanish intelligence contained in impress
sion this morning it will be seen that the FIRST batch OF
Cuban sympathizers has arrived in Spain, aud the
other side Of the Atlantic observe with great sat fac
on that the revivrg wisdom Of the American people
the subject Of foreign expeditions has been opportunely
by the highest ders the law Nha
charge delivered to the grand jury at Nashville, in the
State Of Tennessee by Judge Catron Of the Supreme
Court Of the nion coatsns straightforward expo
siiion Of American law, and uncompro missing
Of the Cubsn delinquent could have been
pronounced by authority in Europe After reciting
provisions Of the act Of 1918 which declared it high
msdemeanor for any person within the territory urs
dctop Of the United States TO enlist himself in any
foreign service, to prepare the for any military
expedition enterpre sgsnt foreign States Judge
app lied himself without fear favor the viola
tons Of the law and instructed the grand jury omit
no effort in bringing the trangressors TO punishment.
Those who attempted to paee this act Of incontesa
bic piracy found 1t convenient to overlook the principles
their preceding They proclaimed the independent
privilege OF American citizens in such upon
by which the Union represented the eyes foreign
governments. They separated responsibility from
power and assumed, in their private capacties to set
aldo those JsEintsasnSe Of which
the Federal government accountable the world.
II wa This assumption which the d;tates self pre-.
servstion rendered 1t 80 to tolerate ana which
enlisted 30 promptly on the sioe Of repudisng Spa H.
the constitution al government Of Eng and the
publican cabinet OF France The maxim of international
law wLich provides that legitimate can be declared
ony by the authorities Of the several States is
tsted tie obvious necessity Of securing national
ponsibty for national acts II the expedition to Cuba,
fr instance bad BET desI atched by the federal govern
ment q the Union, the act however morally uasarraut
able would have been one OF Legitimate war but In that
the Whole deninions and property Of the States
would have been exposed to reprals while the indv
duAs engaged would have been entitled the safeguards
OF civilized warfare But t. such enterprises as these
are 10 be projected private specuations the State
tackled suffers oil the wrong without the resource of
r.nsoy Az the federal government dsayow.d the ex.
peoop, and profeseed to have done its best to impede
It, there was no case sgsinst the United States
ton nor could any penalty be recovered by the
OF regular war In self defence therefore the spaniar
considered those invaders pirates who been dis
owned by their government citizens aud they
were vsnquhsd in the field the affair then brought
TO close. IL will readily be however, tbs diff
hcutes would have been exceedingly serious had the
advantages Of the contest been ne other ride aud
such event at all times probable from the relative
mesps of the combatsnts becane the imperative obi
cation Of all civilized governments to protest agsins.
precedent 30 utterly destructive Of public order II the
epJoymen OF and the charms Of punder be
secured by any detachment Of citizens at their pleasure
without corresponding liability the part Of the State
Nor to be forgotten that the proessed objects Of
the dsnquents far idebti6sbe in this with
the presnmsble incnations of the nation at large
render the prize Of still greater in,ignhcsnce
be policy Of the Union for years past been
ma nfesy directed towards territorial
and there notorious grounds for surmsng that The
be in novise Unacceptable to the American people
aeco mpished fact No such considerations existed in
ary OF thote which have been ransscked for pa
rael examples the part Of ourselves II is true that
volur eers have occasionally left shores to partic
ate in the contests Of foreign States aud that the Last
rpenish revolution oopsun mated in great degree
through our agency But IL suspected at any
court of Europe that Great Britain desired TO annex to
doniniors portion Of either South America or
spsis In these quarters civil raging between
two Jsitet actually in the field that there was nothing
Tut Tie Foreign Ensment act In the way Of vouuteer
snG tbis act was su,pende for the occasion VERY dE
frent was The atpeot Of the Cuban expedition The an
ne1ation of this valuable colony to the Possessions Of
the Unon bad been openly recommended. and IL was
rotofiouslJ with the expection of such Ultimate result
bat the oefcsnt from New orleans was effected IT,
therefore such precedent had pAssed without protest
Ihe hEeIicsns would have been virtually confirmed in a
privilege of irTesponsible conquest
trder these ciIcumttsLcts 10 extremely gratifying
~ ocfver that the Interpreters % the law In the nited
states are 40 psiry received recalling the people to
bsr outy. TIE Daint.nancs of order Judge Catron
1tttived rested not wth the President Of the rerubc
ho vas Iowtrless for puubment but with the Dstrist
Aorptys Who In their several provinces represented
he turitme legal tribunal tf the Union IL unfoitu.