The New York herald., 1851-12-10

The Indian Treaty concluded at ths
Treaty Ground, near Fort Laramie.
Colonel Mitchell, Superintendent Of IudianAnairs
and Thomas Fitzpatrick, Indian Agent, who had
been for ssms time negotiating with the Indians
assembled near Fort Laramie, succeeded, in the
latter part Of September, in concluding treaty,
the substance of which will be found in the fol.
lowing
Editorial Correspondence Of the st. Louis Republican
TREATY GROUND NEAR FORT LARAMIE,
September IT, 1851. {
The terms of the treaty having been agreed upon,
and all its provisions fully discussed, it was prep
for signature and attestation.
Some days previous, tho military escort of the
Commissioners had moved their camp down the
Platte river, two miles below where they first
encamped. The Commissioners continued their
encampment as at first established, although it
would have been desirable to them and to all others
to have moved. for the grass had been eaten oat,
and the tramping of SO many persons over the
sandy soil lad made the prairie little, if anything
better than arid plain, from which the dust went
up with every gust of wind in immense clouds
With such crowd, it did not require much time
to make it offensive in many respects, but as the
Commissioners, in conformity with the wish of the
Indians, had gone to that point they deemed 1t ad
visable to remain there permanently, as We had no
certain notice of the time when the train with the
goods would arrive.
This morning, the usual signals summoned the
Council together. The officers of the United States
army, and other gentlemen on the ground, had been
invited to attend, as Witnesses OF the c0nsumma-
ton Of the treaty AS far possible, they did
To the various Indian tribes, the object of the coun
Gil, to day, had been communicated by the in
terpretsrs, and when they assembled, the stten-
squaws children, &c., as on former occasions. But
the chiefs, braves and old men turned out in more
than their usual number. They appeared in coun-
Gil with all the gravity and dignity that ought to
o,tar oh
When the council was opened, Col. Mitchell ex-
planned the purpose of the assembage to be the
signing Of the treaty. as it had been prepared in
conformity to previous agreement. tie then read
it to them, sentence by sentence, and caused it to
be fully explained by the different interpreters At
the instance of some of the chiefs, portions of it
read several times, for their better understand
ing. Every effort was made, and successfully,
too, to give them the full and just import Of each
article.
AS the treaty remains subject to the ratification
of the United States Senate it is not proper to give
it entire, but there be violation of propriety
in giving the substance of the principal articles
The preamble recites, that It is treaty made
between d. ID. Mitchell, Superintendent of Indian
Affairs, and Thomas Fitzpatrick, Indian Agent
Commissioners specially appointed by the President
head men and braves of the following Indian ma.
tions, residing south of the Missouri river, east Of
the Rocky Mountains, and north of the boundary
line of Texas and New Mexico, viz: The Sioux or
D6COC6QS, CueyenueS, hrap6uOes, OTOWS, h5Slu-
naboins, Venters, Mandans and Arrickeras, of
the othor part
Article first recites that the object is to make q
firm and lasting peace between the nations assem-
bled, and for this purpose they covenant to main
tain good faith and friendship in all their mutual
intercourse, and to make an effective and lasting
peace.
Second. That the Indian nations assembled re.
eognize the right Of the United States to make
roads, military and other posts, within their respec-
tive territories.
Third. In consideration of the above recognition,
the United States agree to protect the Indians from
depredations of the whites after the ratification of
the treaty.
Fourth. The Indians agree and bind themselves,
after the ratification Of the treaty, to make restitu
tion or satisfaction for all wrongs committed by
any band or individual Of their respective nations
on the people Of the United States whilst lawfully
residing in, or passing through their territory.
Fifth. In this article the Indian nations reoog-
nze certain boundaries, or lines, for the country
claimed by them respectively. The lines are thus
The territory OF the Sioux, or Dacotah nation,
commencing at the mouth of White Earth river,
on the Missouri river thence in q southwesterly
direction to the forks of the Platte river; thence up
the south fork of the Platte river to point kne
as the Red Butte, or where the ROAD leaves the
river thence along the range Of mountains, known
as the Black hills, to the head waters Of Heart
river thonce down Heart river to its mouth. and
thence down the Missouri to the mouth OF White
Earth river.
The territory of the Gros- v enters, Mandan, and
Arrickera nations (these three nations are now
reduced 70 q few thousand souls, by smallpox and
other diseases, and by war; and, IS they live in
common, were treated with as one peope)
mencing at the mouth Of Heart river thence up the
Missouri river to the msuth Of the Yellow Stone
river; thence up the Yellow Stone to the mouth OF
Powder river; thence from the mouth Of Powder
river, in o southeasterly direction, to the head
waters of the Little Missouri river; thence along
the range of the Black hills to the head waters Of
Heart river and thence down the Heart river to tho
The territory Of the Assinaboin nation, com
meneing at the mouth of the Yellow Stone River
thence up the Missouri River to the mouth of the
Muscle She'll River-thence from the mouth OF the
Muscle Shell River, in . south essterly direction,
until it strikes the head waters Of Big Dry Creek
thence down that creek to where 1t empties into the
Yellow Stone River, nearly opposite the mouth of
Powder River.and thence down the Yellow Stonc
fSs fSs serrsoy Il the B.sk Fec. nation residing
south of the Missouri River, commencing at the
mouth of the Muscle Shell River-thenoe up the
main range Of the Rocky Mountains in . southsrly
direction to the head waters of the northern
Of the Yellow Stone River-thence down the Yellow
Stone River to the mouth Of Twenty. Five Yard
Muscle Shetland down the Muscle Shell to the
starting point.
nThe tcrritory of the Grow Nation, commencing
at the mouth Of Powder River and the Yellow Stone
thence up foWder flycr 70 itS s0urce-tnence
along the main range Of the Black Hills and Wind
River Mountains, to the head waters of the Yellow
Stone down the Yellow Stone to the mouth of
Twenty Five Yard Creek-thenoe to the head waters
of the Muscle Shell-then,e ,e down the Muscle She'll
to its mouth-thence across to the head waters Of
the Big Dry Creek, and down IL to its mouth.
mThc territory Of the Cheyennes and the ARA
pahoes, (these occupy the same country, although
they are distinct nations,) commencing ct the Red
Butte, the place whore the road leaves the North
Fork Of the Platte river; thence up the North
Fork Of the Platte to its source thence along the
main range Of the Rocky Mountains to the head
waters Of the Arkansas river do xn the Arkansas
river TO whore the main Santa Fc road crosses il :;
thence in north westerly direction to the Forks
Of the Platte river, and up the Platte to the point
CT ofttarting.
This article Of the treaty is valuable Ia this, that
" defines the territory claimed and recognized BY
the respective nations as their lands The nations
claim the right and privilege Of roaming and hunt