North Carolina standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1850-1852, 1851-08-06
From tho Cincinnati Gazette.

Americas givinsga par tIcuiar ac:: L;aEI, inter.
American States This information y hgny .I;e,
estix al this time 10 the geneal ieadet he
its do not pefuN US to lay the article. IN eAie
fore readers, and we mus; a.oO he gives.
In pLoLo declared her independence OF SPa'u u.
Uraguay which originally beionged1 70 w Of
zil formed Of the provinces IN e pIa,a went to
In Plata. In 1925, Brazil and La flaIa ,;nn IF
NO. for IIrauuay The result was the sePac.aNo, -
that province from the confederacy, ana !ne me-
by her of an Independent government in.+ai pra.
sftu,;on Under this, Rivera was eiecteu RES
1900 Oribe succeeded Rivera IN Inc pres
Sdencv and he returned to his mliiay coMn comma.
$50 yvt,ich he was soon after removed tor-mlscon-
dnct. lie then headed rebellion, ana drove Orloe
Som mower. sOribe took refuge in Buenos Ayres,
and Gen Rosas employed him to putdown tne fevo'
in La Plata Backed by Rosas, he entered Uruguay
with an Argentine army, and In RETURN drove on NJ
veria but The European powers (the guarantors oil
the independence of Uraguay) inerfered to prevent
Orbe from resumng the presidency while sustained
by the armed force Of Rosas- In this condition the
affars of the State of Uruguay have remained from
that dav to this with Saurez, the Vice President un
der Raveria, acting President, and recognised as
such by all foreign powers, by the terms OF Ine
constitution, election can be held IN ine OF war
and in case of vacancy in the office of PRESIDENT
the Vice President continues to discharge the dues
of President until successor is elected which can
not take place until there is peace.
The United Provinces Of La Plata, originally COM
Dosed of thirteen States practically conso-
idated and merged into Buenos Ayres. ms oeihg
the only State in the confedeTacy having seaport
and with other countries, IL was
bv the other provinces with the relations OF the
confederacy with foreign nations With this con-
trolling power, Buenos Ayres increased In PoPula-
ton and business, while the other provinces We're
stationary or retrograding. In this condition oil al
fairs the people formed themselves into two pares
one taking the name of Federales, and the other the
Unitaros. Rosas, governor of Buenos Ayres' raised
his own standard, subdued the other provinces, ano
though still only nominay governor of his own pro-
avnces of La Plata. The early part OF his general
administration was severe, and marked with many
crueities but atterly his has been mild
and JUST and, by his rmness in opposing the inter-
veniion of foreign powers in the affairs of La Plata,
he has won respect. Mr. Arnold says of him:
''Refusing acknowledge any right the part of
Franco England to interfere. he has practically
nounced and sustained the famous Monroe doctrine
against the combined forces of the two most formI-
dabIe powers in Europe. The schemes of diplomacy.
the efforts of threats, and the trial of have all
failed to subdue the intensely American feeling which
scorns to yield point at the instance of European
dictation. Diplomacy he has with its one weap-
ons. Talleyrand himself might be at fault before
the ability and the cunning of Rosas. TO force he
has opposed force with varied success, although the
guerilla warfare of South America is no match for
the disciplined soldiery of Europe But Rosas knows
well enough that the nature of the country and the
expense Of maintaining large army at so great
distance from home certain guarantees against
serious invasion. Threats and actual blockade are
rather dicued than feared by people, whose quiet
perseverance has already worn out many bockading
squadron. The moral courage displayed by Rosas in
this protracted resistance to foreign ehcroachmen in
the face of so formidable coalition, CHALLENGES our
admiration, and world secure our respect could we
divest our minds of the remembrance of scenes which
bespeak the ferocious spirit of his government"
Paraguay has been an Independent State for manv
years, though Brazil has alone acknoW lodged her
independence. She was originally of the Ar
gentine Confederation, and is still claimed by Buenos
Ayres of the confederate States subject to her
control; and Rosas up to this time has managed to
prevent France, England, the United States from
recognising her sovereignty The principal products
of Para0naV G r
which tea is made, and a delicate kind of tobacco
Lopez is President, and the policy of his government
resembles that of the Japanese excusiveness and
noR-intercouse with other nations. Rosas MIGHT re-
duce Paraguay ner former alIeuance but she owes
her independence TO her ins gnfcance and her iso-
lated position.
Adjoining Paraguay, onthe Northwest, lies Boil
ma, which embraces large of territory in the
Inferior OF South America, and a limited seacoast
She has no good harbor, and but one small mort of
little consequences. She is approached through an
extensive and fearful desert and across stupendous
mountains. She has several large rivers emptyno
into the Parana, which afford an outlet for her prodnc
lions these are aromatic herbs, flowers spices coE
lee, silver and gold; Her exports mainly to the
PERUVIAN port of Africa, to Coba, twelye-iavs'
journey across the desert from Potosi. LARGE con-
voys from the central provinces avail themselves of
the route to Matte Crosse, the frontier of Brazil
her exports are very limited Bolivia MIGHT have
been prosperous republic but the fierce contests of
rival chiefs for power have continually involved her
In cival wars, sacrificed her commerce. and reduced
ner IN Poiitical Importance to the lowest grade of
States. s "
Chih has been one Of the most successful of the
SCUM American States. This is the only one of the
Spanish American States where parties are divided
by hxed principles. Chill has extensive territory
sRreat natural advantages, salubrious climate rare
ana valuable domestic animals, and considerable min
erai wealth, The people, of blood mixed with that
OF the central and northern parts OF Europe are ST.
rPeflor TO the common South American race and mon
tally and morally in advance of them They have
good constitutional government with restricted snE
frage, and fair judicial system.
feru - Is country of large landed proprietors
among whom strong desire towards a monarcbical
government Is gaining ground, as a surer guarantee
vi prosperity and happiness to the people than re-
PuoIlc. Their productions are COL grain Pernvian
bark, coffee, and the precious metals The coun,rm
contains large and unbroken forests. and nine-,enL
Oh the people are Indians or halEbreeds, The gov.
eminent OF Peru IS in theory ultra democratic Int in
Plaeucel administration is highly restrictive 'rhe
constitutional term of the President is six wears but
ne remains In power as long he can conrve TO Keen
Go"n OPPosuon. The present incumbent General
Oasulia, having sustained himself well. il is honeJ
may give the world an example of Peruvian pes.
oent voluntarily retiring from office at the exnir,ton
OF his constitutional term r'"'0''
COI004Oa0' al one time among the most nro,nis;nr
OF Seuth American republics was broken IN in less
.ndn ten years by intense commoIons and the three
g1 sales composing It-Ecuador, New Granada, and
'enezuela-oecame independent States.
ecuador IS the smallest Of the three States of Col
omola. 1t has some rich aluvial SOIL produces verv
Ine fruits, and in some parts cocoa in abundance II
mas also many rugged and volcanic mountains. Oui.
70 Is .ne largest town. This State contains more of
tne oid ned families Of Spain than anv other son,b
ssI !ePuohc. The government is unstable tho conc