Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-03-11

TUESDAY. February "2-i
Tho ,..rno.e was 10 save ne. -, -, aa".-;,,'
l,e contribution Il was coi's", Iii of och
'g III, - bn in proportion to me wealth. Oh eacn'
Ions o''sh - % - n,aher o Inhabitants was fair
and in"t oru'a,i, I i was ns;sec: that slave labor
criterion u =. free sbJr aad as large por
Nv :" f,opnlation Of he Son'nsfn STAGES We're
would not be just TO s'nn' ~ ~ r mat poPca-
saves tba ratio of contribution The article was
'''h - u originally reported whereby iii charges
~ NJ other expenses ncurred Tor the COM
81 w " ,,rorai welfare agreed 20 he sup
J.. ~, i Is il proportion !" t'e number o. N
Pc :. "a. age sex and Gialitv except int.laa'
u 70. m. i w@s afterwards settled ''v The
n ~ ~ lie ,ha. il determining questions, each
-Fe'' -, ic, &C vote !. was strenuousv insist
- - - voting should be the sane Is the rule
- onl i WI, a, last gtssn up IS concession to
" r states which the urgency OF the times Eiade
' ~ the DEBATE on the ccy nth article, John
',v,.a+sl the counting of q! the inhabitants
,7c}l = free insisting that tie entire n;nibe: q
We. IN. f,irest index 10 The wealth OF evsry
~ "a ,ybe, the seventeenth aliic!e came up Tor
q. oion- wn II. Chase. Dr.. Franklin, Or.
T,b md Mr.. wilson he supported the proposition TO
.afrn the rule Of voting t. the fn'e y taxing auer
tin, in he words already qno'ed the iiaoiiy oi men
.sx3 liz the;- interests h used these STRIKING,
r.s.ios HAT therefore the interest "i'hih a"osS
I III, ,,aths,natical repre- eatative OF inc inter
.ha, d,nr." And Dr.. Franklin said, ne thought
.'r,. extraordinary language t. be he'd by any
., ~ ,h.v w3uil M, cou!eiera" VIVA US unless
10 -o, - them dispose a -! AloleE. certainty II
ne vote eoual,v VIC ou:h. !, ~ equally.
II III, ,l,scs.ions with lie mother eoI;'srg prece n
mo IONIC, were more thoroughly treat ed
49, .y,,i,, ANA ..pr>seutston, and Tia proper feia
, ,y,ich the one bore - tie ether Vas consdefsd ana
.xpIsils: 1r The greatest n'Ii' when 'siI e.ei''' -
;aI called ino action The hstor; OF that peIiod proves
that The mea Of The revolution .'le i's.t'
j., regarded it as Fundamental principle OF Tree gov
erngi, that taxation and representation should <" 10
e,;r and upon that founded the great American s.s-
lem winch tev established Il was THIS that distinguish
=. I: ,ir stem from al others. States. heretofore mo
h.sn oppressed b. oigarctes AMI monachlss aud toxin
IL de,aoUac ihcn cr the 'lFs' tame IN the history oi
the world experiment 10 be made OF FREQ repT.-
sentative republican, form II government The experi-
.nce o: more than sixty years as-tS the wisdom OF
-r work for never in the History OF nan has any gov
,rnep secured people n equal degree the enjoy.
a.e; Of lie aGdl;ay,y, with tac means OF acquiring and
possessing pyopcrt: and pursuing and obtaining happ
.,anl safety au never before or since has any form
f Government been devised which eifecually secur
>lS.aa.t the danger OF maa ADMINISTRATION. A system
> commended 10 Us and which FOR so many years, ha:
.a productive of these great blessings surely ought
10 he -acre;v cherished and transmitted unimpaired to
pos,eri.y. Whilst We may modify details aad change
cl features O.. The structure experience may recon-
mend 20 be changed and the progress of the demand
- orht 20 hold S,cccd the -eat principle upon which
III. sy.tem rests for surrender that and aban
M ourselves to the sport os exploded experiments os
ITO rich legacy ofour fathers and entail upon posisit,
;ae uanubcrcd. that n every acc have inflicted
I'll who have essayed the experiment of fierce uncheck
G. democracy
Subsequently to the adoption Of the articles of
flsa;ion BY net Of Congress, agreed to by eeve
ss-e hreefths only of the slave population were com
yatel in appostoni;s the quotas OF revenue nmongs
III, states This was done ut time when eSch State ha
ar M representation in tho Congress, and it resute'
mc 80 IN benefit CT the Southern States 1t is uscles
aor 10 i1au;re into the souad1ess Of the opinions tha
,lte this aiiusimcrt it sdopted at the instance
Southern members Politically regarded 1t proved
tos h,e: since III The cad II was the means OF depr
..;s 81 n considerable representation that should
cc have got il the popular branch Of the Congress:
ciMe III / States. amt proporonate influence il
s oi,a e our chief executive magistrate without i;
e ,; ie rec i.ssenng the amount OF our contribu
e, 10 the public treasury. l, was every where con
, that ;lxation should be apport:oncd amongst the
Ses ~,oi iin 70 the wealth of EACH and this co,pu-
'a.aa or inhahaut. being settled just exponent o
sea.h il was adopted Of course. proper ratio o
,,- When. therefore. the federal sntion a.
s.u,sl isy io9nd this important question, in a man
s;rsaAs adjusted, and that adjustment controlled
pporoai!o5 Of reprc sentation, for the principle
lied, that taxation and representation should
- atsthef ani he apportione! according % uni
IA ,,tio and it declared accordingly, in the con
taiioa that representatives and direct taxes shall
g- f.ioa.d among the several States which mav b.
H.. within this Union according to their respective
uia.. which shall be determined by adding TO The
s-o, lumber Of freq persons, including those boun,
s-.s.ce Tor term Of Years, and excluding Indian
- taxed, three tifhs of ell other persons"
n Tie constitutions Of the several States we find
y's. conformity this principle when numbers have
q. 'sea tie basis OF representation. numbers have
sa c.as lsla0 n fair exponent OF wealth. bi wher
rg. - tne peculiar condition Of the community, nun
-. afe not fair exponent other basis has beer
'-r.. 70 n determining for ourselves, therefore.
80 aq srt.onmcnt OF representation ought first
e.se.'.sain what manner he wealth of the commun
.,a.6ayed over is se.Jrsl parts. fix upon Some
exponent oi t3 value AID make that the ratio of /
,aan,. 81 al tie ppweTs o; government the money
II MOST !ie' . ao.se, the experience Of ever
y --t' !.Ns re,stir@ "a personal RIGHTS r.,.t ne
lls ..c: al! al,.e. an, under plan 81 apportioa
y ati c'.ese rights he endangered; it i the IN
lea s.; peeuu'sry h;rthens and the disposition oi
10 erTards ;hat tends 10 inequality ara invites t,
W, and to avoid this danger it ia nece .arv tina,
4,sss. within doors should DO the representative
lfcrest without doors.
national revenue bsan supplied by dirss
..rrssentation in Congress would have been an
rnged amongst tho states IN exact proportion Il
,u:.jbut;ons Of each hit looking for supplies main
les upon import-t ns, the Convention was TN
J. ne necessity Of assuming some exponent. of tn
saa e each, and making that the bi.s of represeu
$685. we ere not inyolyedia the sane officially, o.
f~gs c.A only he supplied by direct taxes and tn
sppe,l 10y the seyera! divisions of the Stat
'Ae t1aen a the measure OF the wealth OF each
~,Fe to INSIST. therefore that representation
proportional throughout the State accorda,
erioci taxation we should be strictly within III,
he te,erdi constitu,on, aud We max, a con
"*ea 'aea va arrce 10 ratio combined OF whit,
SON AND t>Xss Together. If white population
I'D oa IS he only basis Of representation, max
g'p3'alonthc only basis of taxation: if slarcs b.
'.lea y; o~e, ie' them be disregarded in both
a>'.I i y9l viii nave more votes. par moro money
1e' Saves are retained - subjects of taxation
.'@ el',e:h pr; Of the State is thereof made ia
-.'' i2'' 'so-.,lr,s Of the publicrcven we will
s.'e., TIA aiyision OF power, which is to sub
+ = tt~ domination Of the western part which
'..a'' 0oe''5ri. With an apportionmcnt of re-
in a provided BY The substitute there will
~. ~ .as'eF q abuse OF power Embracing large
~. 'y'-'''E .ir"'chias from the mountains to the
;,.'. - en- Sir.'aia partakes largely OF all the
gn... .' 's ym'' make up the State-agricularal
g.i Ma. '1l.a'.''mias-and these are so distri-
a,.sa- - l'..',e OPPRESSION upon the others The
ne dr . me-. impsos e,n en- 81, and nd
..e9 . VII be left where ,.ei It y is this this
"a, ,.sdepa, t. !. aeseccl; past experience shows
We o,s ,o ~ :" '.' direction ia rather to excess.