The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-12-20

eih men were lonnd 10 lead the South TO concession
Inc missouri difcuy was scarcely adjusted, when In
four Years came up the tariff of 1924 Here you the
pendulum vibrating back again VIM Lowndes, who
represented al That time The seventh congressional district
OF South Carolina, which SO feeby represented in the
other mouse of Congress when compared with him, de-
clared IN 1922 that the people of the South the
most oppressed people upon earhhat, taking taxation
and expenditure together, the South suffered more than
any other people The South mumured against the tariff
OF 1924, but she submitted.
In four years the arif Of 1925 enacted. You
know the history OF The controversy which then
All the southern States at first stood bynay, stood be-
tore-Soqh Carolina. Then, now she did not lead
They SAID as brave words but did not redeem them and
when the time for her to submit utterly TO the sys
tern OF oppression laid her by the tariff of 1928 to
resist she determined to resist We know what was the
resut-anoiher compromise. Again principle was con-
ceded, as IN the Missouri case by which again op
preston was renewed. That was in 1888.
What next! In 1885 the pendulum vibraes again.
The North commenced system OF agitation in the other
branch of Congress, by which i was attempted TO
goss by the Congress OF the United States jurisdiction
In 1888 the democratic party in the hall OF the House OF
Representatives endeavored TO resist it, And here let me
say for that party with which have acted and 10
which. although may not now be considered member,
was once proud TO belong they at that day true TO
the constitution and true TO the South. And the South
had done It's duty and maintained her interests and honor
as she ought 70 the twenty first rule would never
have been repealed. Our own imbccty has raised up
and strengthened our enemies against in the North
have no imputaions TO make against the North. When
look back 10 my own section of the country and
what weakness and ,imidity has characterized her
course my censures father my regrets) fall her. 1t
is high duty which States owe to themselves to protect
their rights and their people from the oppression Of other
States. They are as much to blame who yield TO op-
preston as those who practise it, The latter do wrong
the former 10 also wrong, and contemplate in their
submission The same splrit-lhe spirit OF submission
which prevailed in 1919 and ls33-resed over Congress
in 1912. wnen both the tariff Of 1888 and the twenty first
rule were OverhrOwn. The interests OF the North pre-
dominated in the one and the anacsm OF the North in
| the other measure.
Slavery again arose in Texas in ls4445 and the tariff
lar in he q wa
tion and very small modification, OF the tariff Of ls42
The difference between these two tariffs is not than
three folr per cent yet the tariff OF ls46 appears to
be consdeed by the North as vast concession to the
South Abolition meanwhile went with its agitahons.
Associations formed the union of churches was
broken upn newspapers were established everywhere
the spirit o anaticsm and agitation, in and out OF
the halls Of Congress, was in the common order OF
things. The occasion arose by acquiring Territories
from Mexico, and it Immediately seized on TO put
the ban the institution OF slavery and pave the way
ii the South al the last Congress had stood firm she
could have commanded any terms she pleased Did any
compromise come from the North No; they stood calm
and immoveabe, conscious oil power, and allowed The
fearful and the weak 10 make their compromises and pro-
pose their terms OF concession All the propositions Tor
compromises came from southern men. The pendulum
swung back to slavery, and the South again fell II
turns again and moves back 10 the tariff which failed last
winter in the House OF Representatives by only hve
votes; and believe would have passed both branches
of Congress but for the North Carolina senators, who
instructed by their Stale TO vote against IT. the
its turn for agitation and aggression' Thus. sir, you
that upon these Two great points there seems TO be
necessarily, antagonism between the two sections o
the Union. They alternate in continual collision.
Let US now 90 back TO the fiscal operations OF hi,
government and what they have been in Their bearing
on the North and South respectively. If mistake not
they exhibit consistent OF aggandzement on
the part Of the North at the expense OF the South
believe that the different portions OF the Union pay
the taxes on the imports proportion to their exports
will not, however, now 20 into an elaborate argument
TO prove this proposition. ! believe it not only 10 be
true, but short of the truth to show the burdens OF the
South AT another time ! might enter into II. AT pres
ent will merely state The principle Of my calculation,
and the conclusions TO which they lead,
The whole amount of duties collected from 7ol ie
1s45, deducting drawbacks, amount TO S927.o50Os7
OF this sum the slaveholdng States paid S7ll,2Oo
900 the non -slaveholdng States S2i5s50,o97 Had the
amount been paid by the two sections IN the con
s,uonal ratio OF federal representation the slavehold
ing States would only have paid S39i7O79l7, and the
North S532, ,3t2l ls0, according TO The system OF dec
taxation directed by the constitution The saveholdlns
States therefore paid SO 492, ,0s2 than their JUS
proportion know that the basis OF this calculation
will be disputed but will be prepared a, future day
10 defend II.
Look at the enormous difference between the two sec
tons During that time 800 millions OF dollars, IN tht
financial operations OF the government have been wieset
from The south and gwen to ihe North how mas w, vn
collected equally in all sections OF the Union
Although doubt may be thrown over the amount oil taxe
paid by the North and South respectively, on account
the insdous system OF indirect taxation by which they
have been collected there be no doubt as TO their ex
lpendi,ure The reports do not discriminate generally
but in ls37-3s, on call made in the Senate, Mr.
4 Woodbury. northern msn-reporied 10 Congress tina
in five years, from 1888 to 1887 ou, OF lo2 millions
expenditure only 81 millions in the slave States
vet during the year, according TO the principles
my estimate above. the slave States paid 90 millions O.
duties 10 III by the free States Therefore, whilst al
the North contributed to the support OF the Union wa
spent within her borders she enjoyed the addiona
expenditure Of so millions Of 900 year LEVIED
on the South.
Is it wonderful that under such course oil policy, tn,
poorest section of the Union should be the richest, anc
he South should with all her vast nger in he
prosper,y' will go a step further into detail Look a
1.-The collections OF the From the foundation o
the government the year lsi9 there was expended io
the collection OF customs hy-hree millions OF dollars
OF which only millions were expended al he oouih
Is ii surprising them that New York and the other large
cities of the North where these moneys are COLLECTED and
this system OF expenditure adopted, should thrive anc
growl Nor is that all. Turn to a matter which ough
TO have been equal in its operation u anything could ot
equal alude TO the pcnslonng oi our Revolutionary
soldiers. We had 100000 people al the ume OF ou
revolution and the North had 100000 According
General Knoxs report, the North sent 100 out oi 21
military age in 1890; the South 100 out OF 209 lh'
South therefore when these soldiers were to be endowed
with pensions, ought to have received more than I'M
North How mas it turned outs In lStS out oil every
Ga of the Of military age in l7sO was revouuonat,
pensioner in the North, and only out OF lio IN I'M
South New England alone bad then 3,l49 OF inese pen
sioners-moe than there in all the slave States 10
gether--and New York two-thirds, when sne con
tributed not one seventh as much to the war. cacu
laion Uounded data in No. 3o7, SEN Doc 1855 ~
shows that from 1901 1888, inclusive, SSo,osSp
have been paid for revolutionary PENSIONS OF WHICH
the North received $2s2s2 ,597 or Sl21 ~ lot veS
soldier she had in the war, and the sonh $3.50,
367-being only $40 80 for each OF her soldiers
Il might be said that this owing TO the negligence
Of the Souhtha the southern people did no' come !.