Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1851-11-19
FARM AND GARDNER
BY PROF. JAMES J. MApEs..

BY PROF. JAMES J. MAPES.
FARM.-Lay up manures in compost
Gather leaves from the woods, and place
them in hog pens oomposts. sc. Recollect
that the inorganic constituents of all growth
are to be more plentifully found in their
leaves than ia any other part. If you de-
sire to start hot-5eds in the spring, save "a
large quantity of leaves under cover for
that purpose. Do not attempt to winter
more stock than you have abundant means
OF providing tor. 1t young animals are bad
ly fed, they never thrive well afterwards.
Should the season remain sufficiently open,
ridge clayey soils, and thus let your land
be storing up ANN oRia from the atmos-
phere for spring use; the frost will thus
have an opportunity of destroying many
insects, and dressing of six bushels of re-
fuse SAT- to the.acre on these ridges will do
away with one-third the usual quantity of
weeds, and nine-tenths of the Insects
Ridged ground will be ready for tillage in
early spring.
Cut wood TO be burnt twelve months
hence, and, if practicable, under-drain wet
or heavy lands.
ORCHARD AND FRUIT GARDEN.-Read
our article in the Vorking Farmer on the
cultivation Of Isabella and Catawba grapes,
(yol. l., p. II, and look to fall trimmings,
saving OF cuttings, sc. Manure fruit trees,
spading IN thoroughly. Manure strawber-
RES ;cover raspberries, as recommended by
Mr.. Patterson in former number. Bank
around trees to prevent the attack of mice.
Cover tender grapes. Remove grape layers
from the parent vines. Crafts may be cut,
and preserved as formerly directed Make
wire fences, which may be used for trelIis
es.
KITCHEN GARDEN.-Atteud to cold frames,
and see them properly protected. Do not
let your late crops be frozen in the ground.
Put away turnips, beets, celery, carrots, sc.
Cover spinach, Shallots, young onions, out
door lettuce, and cabbage plants with cedar
brush, if you have it, and il not, salt hay,
flag, or straw. Protect cabbages as former
ly directed. Dress and cover asparagus
beds, sailing them freely. Cover rhubarb.
Dress globe artichokes as directed under
that head. Dig up horse radish and pals-
nips for winter use, and protect as directed.
Bean poles, pea sticks, &C., should be
slowed away in dry place to prevent their
decay.
Flower GARpEN.-Take up dahlia roots
on dry days; do not shake off the dirt, but
remove it by hand, or the tubers will break
at their necks. Cut the stems within a
few inches of the ground, label them care
fully, and pu! them away in dry cellar,
tree from frost or heat beyond 450; bury
the tuberS in dry sand the stems projecting
above, and cover the whole with something
to prevent the hight from greening the tu-
bers, and thus lessoning their value Read
Buist's American Flower Garden Director,
p. l29to 1872. iuclusive.) Protect half-har-
dy outdoor plants barrels with one head
we'll pierced with holes, mats brush, straw,
SC. may each be used according to the
height of plants requiring protection, SC,
all of which must be removed in early
spring.
Cut down weeds, collect stakes, look to
glazing frames, SC. Do not water plants
while the ground is frozen about the roots
HoT-HoUSE.-Buist says, "Tne essen
t,al NIL =, III-. attended "a in the hot
hnnSa 9e''tng this month Arc ,srP. mir and
@Her. The former must be applied accor-
ding to the weather, observing not to allow
the temperature to be under so, and il
ought not to continue long at that degree
81 being preferable. The shutters should
be on every night when their is anv ap-
pearance OF frost, and taken off early in the
morning. Admit air in small portions eve
ry day that the sun has any effect and the
atmosphere mild, observing that the tenn
Perature OF the house be above co. previous
to admission. Shut all close early in the
afternoon, or when any sudden changes oc-
cur.
"in watering it is important in this de-
partment to have the water of the same
temperature as the roots of the plant"
A clstern may be so arranged as to be
warmed by the aue and by having anoth-
er outside water may be. drawn from the
two and naked to proper temperature
Do not water bulbs too literally Succu-
tents may be watered twice per month"; I'M
less over the flues, when they may require
il oitener. Remove decaying leaves, and
keep the house clean.
GREEN-HoUsE.-Air the house as often
as practicable and safe, never keeping it
entirely closed, even during frosts, if the
sun is shining. Water sparingy. In no
case leave the house entirely closed for
more than thirty-six house rather give
slight fire heat than to exclude all air.
e. The Milton, N. C. Chronicle, speaks
of Java Coffee raised in Caswell county, in
that State thus: We were shown, recently
II