The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-03-20

For Union
s,ss Trade and Revenue T.rins as. Protection ana
Restriction
reilly 10 he prospect. agricultural, manufacturing,
commercial and f"aneiai, al The opening Of me year
1851"
Ia HENRY CAREY, erq
- Burlington. New Jersey;
SIR; Chapter 81 OF your pamphlet is almost excu-
siyey taken up with the pepod the compromise aci was
h operatoa. and IN comparing the condition OF the
,rv during that lime win the condition OF ii while the ac
Of 1875 was in operation, For tins purpose you take
ssyen years-om 1885 10 1912 The ACT o. 1898 was
moi in operation until 1885, but expired in 1882 hence you
include three good years IN your period which should not
he embraced in H. However, | not disposed 10 be
esptous and, for the present, will take your time my
basis will take Two periods OF seven years each after
vour manner-namely from 1899 TO 1885, and from 1886
"a lsi2-and briefly possible, review the condition
II the country You the first TO lay down fixed pc
RODS OF lme embracing series OF years, and therefore
am juslihabe IN pursuing Tue same plan and also lei
!, he distinctly understood that period compared with
nenod and moi any single year with any other SIN
Gle wear As general thing, will deal IN aggregates
which u.s. in truth. the only real way 10 show the bust
mass of any one period compared with any other period
In the most prosperous umes The amount OF business
done will ucuaie from year to year. being governed by
various causes-such as supply, demand, high duties,
4
heavy importation OF year very generally leaves a
large surplus hand anu The consequence is, not SO
much is needed from abroad the next year Hence, be-
canse one or more articles happen 10 fall oil IN quantity
10 any one year. does argue the purchasers less
able to buy BY using the aggregate, these yearly uctu
atoms are avoided and the real condition OF things made
more apparent. You aggregates when they answer
your purposes and at other discard them when they
are against you The whole Of my calculations will be
governed by aggregates OF The two periods am about
10 compare; and thus Will make the rule general
Without occupying any time with machine making"
which again takes up considerable portion of the chap
ter will proceed to the consideration of important
matters The complication OF figures which you present
10 the reader enough 10 mystiy than ordinary
accountant and will think myself fortunate If from SO
much chat ! am able to gather few grains OF wheat
Your prominent points alone will notice. The data you
make starting points are The following, that during
this period from 1885 to 1872 he production OF commodi-
ties Tor present use dmnshed" p that there small
increase in the power 10 consume raw produce from
abroad" or, in other words did consume as much
as under the tariff OF 1928 3, " il had diminished the
consumption OF cotton and the planter was being ruined
BY the low prices consequent upon that dimnutOn" A.
ii. had diminished the market for grain and pork and
beef and the farmer could consume cotton J" 5, it
had ruined the iron master the coal MINER and the maker
Of cloth, and diminished the building Of ships" Besides
these you make other mmaleral points. First, as to
whether /" commodities TOR present diminished"
which can only be judged ct properly by showing how
much suples had 10 sell TO others, after feeding and
clothing own population. have not the means at
hand to show the entire domestic produce OF each year OF
the respective periods, and therefore will give the do
nestle export:
Domestic produce exported Lom 1929 1885 Si92 07 69
Do do rom 1886 to 1872 IT'S 297 1863
Increase from 1886 to 1872 22s, Iss, 467
For the first period, when your favorte tariff of 1928
was in operation, and, according your doctrine times
prosperous we could only sell domestic produce
the value of $492 SOL for the second period when
you aege every thing depressed, sales OF home
produce to S7l5, ls9 467-showing increase of
or nearly so per cent, while the population
those who Produced only increased 50 233 per
In the same connexion and Tor the time | pre-
sent the exports OF breadslufs and provisions, viz:
Breads.ufs and provisions exported from 1899
Bteadslufs and provisions exported from 1886
to 1872 81 1853, 43t
With grea. many mouths to feed, our export of
provisions Tor the latter period over the former
s4240,662 Now, II We are TO Judge of the prosperity of
apeope BY the quantity OF produce they able to sell
alter feeding and clothing themselves, we may act il
down as a " fixed fac' that the country more pros
porous from 1896 to 1912 than II from 1929 to 1885
and why not rate nations prosperity in the man
do that of Individual according TO the surplus
he has 10 sell after feeding and clothing himself and
family He must have had more 10 sell during this
perod by your showing for you say that the CON-
promise drove 'hundreds OF thousands TO raise food
and OF course there being raised there more TO
sell Your first proposition, take IT, is disposed Of, and
that. instead of being diminished, the productions for
present increased
The prosperity Of people is also rated by their ability
10 buy from Others which is more properly exhibited in
the OF the produce OF other countries they can
AFFORD 10 consume You assert that find small m
crease IN me pocer TO consume produce for ,chic IRE
had TO pay" and that during low tariffs the people con
sumo less OF the produce OF other nations This comes
to the second proposition:
Value OF foreign goods consumed in the Uni
ted States from 1879 to 1898 $685. 666 235
Value OF foreign goods consumed in the Uni
ted States from 1886 TO 1872 ss3 06S 995
Increase in favor Of The latter period 227 ao2 1853
The above figures show increase of consumption
under the compromise OF 1927 l02 763 or nearly fifty
per cent Now, order TO show that this increase more
man kept pace with the increase OF consumers and
therefore arose from the prosperous condition OF the
country will show the ratio OF increase OF population
Tor the periods together with the consumption per
bead for each person The rule is a universal one in
political economy that people they are more
or less prosperous:
Increase per cent of population from 1929
Increase per cent Of population from 1896
to 1872 1929
Increase per cent Of latter over former
period 1850
Hence that while the increase in population or
consumers OF the latter the former period was on
1000 per cent, the increase Of consumption nearly
my per cent or, IN palmer TERMS from 1896 lS42 the
people consumed Of foreign goods nearly one. half more
than they did from 1899 1885 With the same ratio OF
increase OF population exhibit the following consump.
ton per head:
Years. Consumption Population Average
per ct pei
1929 to 1895 $685., 6e6 235 I37I5757 sl3 a.
1885 TO 1872 s23 o6s ,y9s i6 500 sol As 90
The population have used above is what il stood al
the middle of each period, based upon the given basis
which IS fairer than TO take the number OF
would be greater than the real number and the consump-
too per head less in the other instance the population