The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-07-18

regard to her colonial trade. He was happy 70
state, however that within the last fortnight COM
munica had been received from that country
to the effect, that, reserving her c0asting
trade, she was ready to admit our vessels
to sn equal participation in her foreiga
and colonial trade.-(Hear, hear) The noble
He Carl Granville,) re nembered hearing an old
lady had once advised her son to read Bradshaw
Oxford, instead of the first six books of Euclid
a laugh 1t was quite true that Eaglish goods
carried by Belgian vessels into Belgian ports paida
duty not of ID, but of ID per cent, but it was
equally true that levied 20 per cent. Belgian
vessels carrying Belgian goods entering our por'S
the time of Louis XIV, had protected its mercaa-
tile marine. But though the French government
were SO hampered with productive duties and com
mercal restriction, they had assured her Mljestys
government that they would meet our advances in
the most liberal spirit. The last communication
received from France offered some considerable
cessions and negotiations this subject were still
pending. If they considered the extent and riches
of FraDce-the excellent har bors she possessed-the
scientific skill of her people in building vessels,
and the general intelligence of her inhabitants
that for the hundred years. she had been pro-
tectng her mercantile marine; then if we looked at
her official reports and saw that within the last
fifteen years, the increase in her vessels under 200
tons had not been the 10th part Of the incre sse
of our tonnage; and that the number Of her YES
sells above 200 tons had also decreased during the
same period, these facts, he thought, must show
that protection alone was not sut ,ient to give
couragement to the mercantile marine of that
country If she still continued to impose protective
duties ON material and finished articles-if she
did not avail herself of her mineral wealth and Of
her skill in ship building, she would still be prac-
tcally excluded from the general carrying trade Of
the world. With regard to Portugal, ne would
only say that negotiations were going Bat the
case of Spain was of more Importance. A comnu-
nicaton had lately been received from Spain and
it was hoped that some satisfactory arrangement
would be come to. He agreed that it would be
be lefeal to Spain to get rid of her restrictive du
Ia va lIlh MI Uafa lul nfa IN thA
gler but ain, by u late revision of her tariff,
had reduced her diherential duties from one third
to one fifth Spain was country SLOW of move
ment but II could not be acted upon by without
consulting existing treaties. He came to the
United States, the only country which for
midable rival to us in commercial matters; and with
respect to its commercial navy he did not deny that
it was a disadvantage to us that we were excluded
on the long voyage bftween the western ports of
America and California; but We we're not cx 81 1ded
by the repeal of the navigation laws, aud the repeal
OF these laws had opened to indirect foreign
trade with California There was no doubt that
the United States were technically right in treating
their trade with California as coasting trade, a,
the latter country formed agral portion of the
United States. There were other advantages con-
nected with the repeal Of the navigation laws which
had not been Neutrality-suspicious., for instance, which
enabled vessels to carry sorted or mixed cargoes
and which had given rise to new branch of trade.
He had dealt with the question of reciprocity,
and had shewn that with the exception Of six or
seven countries, had reciprocity; that with re-
spect to Sweden and Holland, We had perfect reci-
procty; and that with regard to the United Sta5es,
we had that technical reciprocity which had a
right to claim. The whole question one of
great difficulty; but still there could be doubt,
that if goations failed with the three countries
to which he refe rred it would be matter of con-
sideration with her Majesty's government whether
they would not, even at some self sa ,rifce, make
of those powers which parliament had contded
to them. In great commercial country, however,
like this, there nothing SO important to com
bine together simplicity and uniformity in all their
re- \ Ind
when the noble lord insinuated that her Majesty's
government had neglected entering into negota-
tons on this subject, he could not avoid reminding
the noble lord that there were difficulties thrown in
the way Of the government by the example that was
given by the noble lord himself, and those who
acted with him clear, hear.) For it was impos-
sibe but that foreign governments, when they saw
a great and powerful party, led by one so distn.
guisbed by his abilities the noble lord himself
and heard them declaring that every interest was
going to ruin in consequence OF the changes that
hsd been made-it was impossi BILE, he said, for |
foreign governments to hear such statements made
without an Impression being produced upon them.
(Hear) And even though foreign governme nts |
migbtfnd it difficult to reconcile such statements
with the notorety Of the prosperity that England
enjoyed, and with the extension Of its commerce,
which they themselves witnessed, sill these state
ments must influence them, must make them slower
to enter into new arrangements, because they did
not fret know what changes might be made in the |
commercial policy of tins country, when the party
from whom such statements cmanated came into |
charges in their iariG, to which reference al been
made, he could only gay that what occurred in the
United states showed that IL was much easier for
party when in opposition 10 emb lrrass free trade
government, than to re-eDact protective duties
when IL came itseli into power (Cheers aud laugh
teri He referred to several returns TO show that
their shipping trade had increased in every way,
and pointed TO the example Of such men as Mr..
Lindsay, Of Liverpool, Mr. Duncan, ofDunbar, and
MIR. Wigram, who had predicted the most ruinous
consequences to themselves from repeal Of the
-. -. Ill -.
their trade, and opened new branches of commerce.
He also referred to the great increase in the build
ing of iron ships in the Thames, the Clyde and the
Meisey, and to the statement made by Mr.. An Ter
sen before committee of the other house, that
such the prosperity Of the shpwrigats, that it
would be impossible to procure any onga god in
the trade to bind himself by contract to have an
iron vessel built within certain period. The
Legislature be said, 90 in the course il had
commenced-that Of encouraging the great bulk Of
the community, and no. particular classes. He
was able to show that more British shipping was
now employed than formerly that there was q
greater demand for other shipping; that the ship
owners were extending their business, and that
the shipwrigbts were In singuarly prosperous con-
the freights had been lowered for that vas part of
his Gaze. UIear) He did not think either that il
was an answer TO him TO tell him that the ship
owners were complaining of gre at distress. No one
had greater respect than he had for the shipping
interest; but still, he said, that in adopting such
lar guage they were using conventional term-that
which was common with every other occupation,
even the most prosperous. lie reoiced, therefore,
that this debate had taken place, and he rejoiced
in it the because the noble lord in presenting
the Petition laid before them, had not allowed
word TO fall from him which could lead the shipping
interest to hope that there the slightest chance
Of this country going back to the pernicous
delusion Of the navigation laws. (Cheers)
The Earl Of HARDwICKE, had, he said, been en-
trusted with petitions from the shipowners Of
several ports-from Dartmouth, London, and Sun
derlsnd- were to the same effect andupon the
same subject that was now before their oriships
He didnot feel IL necessary to enter into the details
Of ttesc petitions, as they the same in sub
stance with that presented by his noble friend lie
would endeavor to make some reply to the admira-
bic speech which had been made by the noble lord
Cpl osite. lie did not think from the speech Of the
noble lord, that the shpowners could hope that her
maissty's government would make use. in ealing