The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-04-09

money and another expends IT, proiusion and extrsya
gance almost invariably are the results Had we not,
then, better refuse all expenditures and decline 10 exer
else all powers but those which necessary 10 the car
lng out OF the known and well defined objects OF this
government The case Is surrounded with dlheully,
however, because is easy TO carry into and
abuse powers the exercise OF which cannot well be dis
pensed with. have sometimes thought, Mr. Chairman,
that striking difference between the modes OF thinking
in The southern and northern portions OF our Union might
be found in this The people OF the southern States en-
gagged in agriculture live far apart are accustomed to re-
fleet much. and are not easily driven 10 excess In The
North the people in close contact, more restless IN
their habits more readily act upon each other they
show more quiekness and energy in their movements,
and manifest more exciaby they are more readily
brought up 10 efficient action but reflect less on the uli
mate tendency OF their movements. The excitable popu
aon and presses OF their large cities sensitive 10 the
change OF day as the thermometer itself, exert con
trolling influence over the sentiment OF The North Hence
The northern population acting as States and corpora
hoDs have shown great efficiency and made extraoidi-
nary progress. They have not. however exhibited so
much OF that enlarged philosophy which IS essential to
the constitution OF statesman OF The hrsl order Their
public men usually too sensitive TO popular impulse,
and exhibit often too little independence OF thought and
action. The southern States seem 10 have produced
larger number OF independent, serelylng, ana philo
sophie statesmen la The action OF bodies OF men aggre
gated States and corporations thus spirit oil great ac
lvity and energy works WE'LL and the northern States
have made extraordinary progress IN their movements
In the southern States, the contrary, the individuals
live Alone accustomed 10 depend more on their
own resources, have feeling OF greater independence
tive 10 immediate popular Impressions. exhibit often
stronger will individuals, and are accustomed TO
take enlarged aud philosophlc view OF subject,
This, as it has sometimes been alleged by the abolition
lists, may be due IN part TO the habit OF dominion over
their slaves and the pride OF superior caste But, whether
attributable in degree not 10 such cause, II IS
certainly that, while they have accomplished less
through the medium OF the State governments, wherein
mere activity and impulse are more essential, they seem
to have eXeed greater control upon the ACTON oil This
central government. It's common remark throughout
the North that certain systems and movements which are
complained OF with really had their origin with south
ern statesmen. This is undoubtedly tue. The Virgin
ans opposed 10 the indefinite importation OF slaves,
and advocated The prohibition 10 take effect after the
year 1908, and MIR. Jefferson undoubtedly favored the
exclusion of slavery north OF the Ohio river But when
the New England politicians, in the convention which
made the federal constitutions went for the prolongation
oil the slave trade to the latest period proposed, sube
queny shifted Their position, and assumed the strongest
slavery ground in the Missouri controversy, it is
equally certain that Mr. Jefferson condemned their move
meni 1t is also true that the doctrine OF protection 10
domestic industry Lad Its early and most strenuous
I advocates among southern statesmen As soon, how
ever, as 1t was taken up by the masses OF the North,
was pressed 10 extent OF extravagant protection and
even Prohibition The docitne OF internal improvement by
the general government. is likewise affirmed to have had
southern origin But its northern friends now those
who are pushing into great abuses, as we think &C
companled with proiuse and wastelul expenditure. As
the action OF this government therefore, was intended TO
be limited in high degree, aud restricted TO the ex
ecise OF we'll deiAed powers, the prevalent mode OF
thinking al the South 10 harmouze best with It's
nature; and may be ewing to some such cause as this
that the public Judgment has more frequently nrused
its management 10 them. Ii is possible, too, that the
great influx of foreigners into the northern States gno
they utterly OF the true theory OF govern
ment and lis complicated checks and balances has been
material element in modifying the tone OF opinion and
e sentiment IN The North
Should the action OF the government in future be d.
recled BY those who subject To these influences,
mains 10 be seen whether will preserve It's former char
ter and usefulness The agitation OF the last two years
having partially destroSe The old party organizations.
and having very nearly annihllaed party anmoses, in
the present calm opportunity afforded for examn
principles government,
properly the effects Of its past action Should new par
lies afise, or the old ones be essentially modified they
ought 10 be made TO stand much possible upon sound
principles What are likely 10 be the successful
mens OF party character, II is not easy to decide We
were all amused yesterday with the attempts OF the gen
: neman from Maryland MR. McLAEE,l IN reply to the
questions oil The gentleman from South Carolina 10
PLAIN IN what democracy consisted his definition was
that democrat was he who stood by and honestly
red out the objects and determinations Of the party
eanizalion This cehnton he twice gave in reply to
questions
Mr. McLANE said this was not his statement, and pro.
{ Mr. CLlNGAlAN continued regret that the hands
OF the clock are moving too rapidly TO permit me 10 give
The gentleman The floor may be mistaken about The
precise terms he did use The members OF the House
generally are quite as likely 10 ecolect what he did cay
as he or He said, further, in continuation, that dem
ocra IN Sis he that voted for Cass and ButIer and
in ls44 Tor Polk and Dallas. Amusing the ex.
hlbuon made by the gentleman on that occasion, doubt
whether any other member oil The House would not
iound II as difficult 10 define the distinctions between
wings and democrats, as national parties, at this time
he uuth -, Mr.. Chairman, that The Old which
formerly divided these two parties have disappeared
and for want Of the old landmarks the lines OF division
are scarcely perceptble.
Mr.. McLANE said that they still existed in his opinion
Mi. CLlNGMAN Then, sir, IT IL very extraordinary
that the gentleman on yesterday not able 10 point
them oat Though cross-examined by several members
and worried for quarter OF hour, he was moi able
TO lay hold OF any OF these old landmarks They
must have beeA buried very deeply under ground 10
cape detection by optics keen his There be no
doubt Mr. Chairman, that the wing and democratic par
ties once essentially divided TO measures have now
become mere factions. BY factions mean, contra
distinguished iron parties, 10 designate bodies OF men not
separated by well defined principles, but only by political
amnesty, or because struggling against each other Tor
ohee. Such associations usually the most mlschev
Gus Wanting the disinerestedness and purity which
struggle Tor principle is apt to engeDder they become
utterly selfish, and tend 10 political corruption. have
no objection, therefore, to party combinations
formed, the government of the country likely there
by TO be IN better rather than in position Though
did not cooperate ia the late attempt form the So
called Union party, yei had objection the move
men saw at once that party could not stand upon
single negative idea, and that before could pro-
gess would have 10 adopt positive principles Tegu
late It's general action II those principles when promu
gated, had, contrary 10 my anucpaons, accorded with
my views OF what is sound policy better than the prnci-
pies OF the antagonist party then should not have hest
lated TO cooperate with them say nov, Mr.. Chair.
man. that II the old republican party OF the days OF JeHer
son and Madlsonhai party which broken 10 pieces
IN 1875 by reason OF its having nomnaIy FIVE presden-
m candidates IN the hed-ii that party could be called
together upon its old principles, would rather march
under ITS tag than that OF any other likely be found
know that its has sometimes been brought into dis
iepue because macy protesting the have in prac
lice apostatzed from i,s principles while others have
incurred rdicule by their of those nrin