The southern press., 1851-03-31

muigstsd the prinsiplss of Il On esesaipas II
the highest interest
| The amendment unqusstionably contemplated
the constitutional rec3gnition of tho sovsssien
authority Of the people 0f the several 6tAtee, os
Of some Of them. 10 oxss-ruje ths lsgisiatiea
and action Of the too powerful agent they have
established aud endowed. This Is not the occa-
sion TO discuss the value Of such an addition to
our Constitution. Bat It may not b. improper
TO rcnark, that the extension Of the limits Of the
confederacy, and the admission of new States
on the Pacific; the discordant materials which
the rapidty OF the European emigration has al
ready introduced into the country the compli-
cation of its foreign and domestic policy, arising
out Of the contradiction IN the moral, social.
and political ideas OF those brought into cioac
contact by modern improvements the proapect
of domination over sectional interests by an
irresponsible and hostile majority Of Congress-
| ARE conditions which were not foreseen OF pro-
yided for by those who formed the Consttut on.
The author Of the clause providing for the 3D.
mission OF new States to the Union, was
asked in 1903, the mind Of the convention on
the extension Of the limits Of the confederacy,
His answer was: | always thought that when
we should acquire Canada and Louisiana, Il
WoulH be proper to gorern them as prouinces, and
alloW them no rOice in our councils In wording
the third section Of the fourth article Of the Con-
| stituton, went as far az circumstances would
permit, to establish it," The most long-sightcd
statesman in the convention did not foresee the
conditions We have plainly before US. 1t was
not permitted to Dir. Calhoun to render this last
service to his country, in expoundng the opin-
ions he had formed of the structure of our sys-
tenn, and the necessity for additional supports
to it.
No h,tn IL
gratitude for the display of patriotism, amid d.
sease, and in view Of death, implied in this effort
to find new guarantees for the security of con-
sttutional and regulated liberty. These are the
ends to be attained for tho people through
the action of government. In Mr.. Calhoun's
system, organization and administration were
only valuable us they accomplished these ends.
Parties, considerations, unions, alliances, were
only priced as instruments for their attainment.
We close our review of the senatorial course
of Mr.. Calhoun. That career terminated the
4th of March last He shortly after discontinued
his visits to the Senate, and prepared for the
close of his life. Tho knowledge of its no.
proaching termination inspired in him no alarm.
He had lived in subordination to the will Of
Providence, and its DEGREES aroused no ripenings.
he awited their execution with calmness, MAIN
tanning to his end, the correspondence of great
ness in which his life had moved His simplicity,
gcntleness, freedom from ostcntation and parade,
wre AS marked, in these last hours, MS when in
the halls OF Representatives or Senate, or amid
the domestic circle. There were no speeches
conned and delivered by him; no fulsome pro-
fessions OF patriotism--nothing done to awaken
sympathy, attract admiration, or to win posthu-
nous fame. The volume of his life lad been
filled, and he reposed with confidence on the
noble and magnanimous acts by which it had
been illustrated, to command the appreciation of
posterity.
need not recall to your minds the profound
expression Of grief, which the termination of his
life occasoned through the country. 1t felt "as
when standard bearer fainteth."
need not dwell on the funeral honors paid
to the departed statesman:
" The pomp thick gather'd round
The trophy a car, that bore his graced remains
Ihro' armed ranks; and nation gazing on.
Bright glow'd the sun, and not cloud dstain'd d
Heavens arch Of gold, but all was gloom beneath;
holy and unutterable pang
Thrill d on the soul-"
The Athenian statesman, to whom have sup-
posed he bore likeness, overhearinC his friends
recount the great exploits of his life, and the
shining Incidents of his administration. reproyed
the extravagance and the want of disc imination
OF their praise Of their extravaganza, in laud
ing actions which Others had equaled, and in
which fortune had aided the result; and of care
lessness in omitting his highest glory, "that no
Athenan had ever put on mourning through any
net OF his For this the historian declares. he
merlted his lofty title of Olympian, otherwise
presumptuous,-"s gentleness of manners.
and habits Of mercy and forgiveness, raise men
to the nearest resemblance of the gods"
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18th ult, in the New York Tribune. saws.
81 have just heard that the Falls of Niagara
have again receded, through another break down
OF the ledge of rock over which the stream runs.
on Friday last This is the second tumble
down OF rock there this winter and if it ia
considerable in extent, and shall be followed bv
a few more such launches, people now alive NAV
see these celebrated falls converted into rapid.
or succession of rapids, and Lake Erie low.
cred thereby several feet.
The ledge Of rocks at the falls, extend about
quarter of h mile back from the cataract-be-
yond that, the Niagara is said to be hundred
feet deep, or even deeper; when, therefore, the
great fall reaches that deep water, there will only
be rapid. At Black Rock, to the best of nv
recollection, the river is usually about twelve
feet deep, flowing over a ledge Of rocks Were
the falls to be succeeded by rapid below Chip.
pewa, the waters of Lake Erie would flow per-
haps five times as swift as they do now at Black
Rock, and thus lower the lake. much to the as-
tonishment of the dwellers at Erie, Cleveland,
Buffalo, and Sandusky"
EXCHANGING PULPIrs.-A few miles below
Poughkeepsie there now lives, and has lived for
several years past, worthy clergyman, man,
however, very short in stature. Upon certain
Sunday about eight years ago, this clergyman
was invited by the pastor of church in that
village, to fill his pulpit for the day. The invi-
tation was accepted, and Sunday morning saw
Mr.. - in the pulpit. Now it happened that
the pulpit was very high one, and accordingly
nearly hid the poor little clcrgymen from view.
However, the congregation, out of respect man.
aged to keep countenance, and with over-pious
faces, seemed religiously anxious for the text.
They were not Obliged to wait long, for nose
and two little eyes suddenly appeared over the
top OF The pulpit, and squeaking tremulous
voice proclaimed in usual tones the text "Bc of
good cheer, il is | : be not afraid - A ro,o~,I