davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16

IorobREbftiE,S aturcay, July, lISS.
] thank you, my dea- SIR. for yours BY
the post. Yesterday co nmnnicaicd to
Duer our situation, which ] presume lac
will have communicated to you. 1t re.
mains exactly The same. No further qucs
ton having been taken. ] fear tie footing
mentioned to Ducr Is the best 1pos which
i can be placed but every thing possible
will YET be attempted ~ hsiog the party
homtha, s'snJ 70 saqssIsseI ratification.
Let me knox yoer bsea ag,sn rhe possibil-
iiy Of osr beng fecesve4 90 ft.si pian.-
Voc w,y ssderasnd tlsss tie osiy q,sssii-
cation vii lie the reseFvstlgn d a right Ia
recede. IN case our ar1ead ncnts have not
been decided upon ia one Or the modes
pointed out by the Constitution wi,hin a
certain number Of years, perhaps fve or
seven. Ii this can. in the first instance, BE
admitted as a ratification, do not fear any
further consequences. Congress viii. Ipre-
sumo, recommend certain amend non,s TO
render the constructive OF the Government,
more secure. This viii satisfy the more
considerable and honest opposcrs Of the
Constitution, and with the aid Of them will
break up the party.
Yours, affectionately,
A. HAMILTON.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16
The Doctrine OF PenccnbIc Scccs-
sion Rented.

Wcinvitc tho unbiased consideration OF
the supporters Of secession 10 the follow
ing conclusive evidencc-tlat according
to the meaning and intcr, Of the cons,i-
tuition, and the express understanding Of
the States at its adoption, nc such right
exists. The authorities quoted arc from
the Richmond Times.
Correspondence betwccn Madison and Haps-
iitoR, pending the ratification Of he
Federal Constitution by Ne,c York, and
after tie ratification By Tuginia.
From LIST vol. Hamilton's papers, publish.
ed by authority Of Congress:
HAMILTON To MADISON.
JuLy Sth, l7SS.
My DEAR Sin l fclici,atc you sincere
ly on the event in Virginia, but my salts.
faction will be alloyed if I discover too
much facility in the business Of amendment
making. | fear this subject viii be
wounded in some of its vital parts by too
general a concurrence in very injudicious
Recommendations. alludc more particu-
larly to the power oftaxaiion. The more
! consider requisjtioa in any shape, the
more | am out Of humor with it, We
yesterday pissed through the Constitution.
To-day some definite proposition is TO be
brought forward, but what we are at n
loss to judge. We have good reason ,o
believe that our opponents are not agreed
and this affords some ground of hope
Different things are thought of--conditioa,
precedent, or previous amendments, coadi.
tons subsequent, or the proposition of a.
mcndments, upon condition that ii they
are not adopted within limited time, III,
State shull he at liberty 10 wakdrau
from the Union; aud lastly REcoMMENpA.
TORY AMENDMENTS. In either case con
sTRUcrIvE DECLARATIONS vii! be carried
as far as possible. We will go ms far a,
we can in the latter without invalida,ina
the act, and will concur in rational recon
mendatious The rest is for our opponents
We are Informed there has been dis,ur.
bnncein the city of Albany, on the 4th OF
July, which has occasioncd bloodshed.-
The Anti Fedcralisis were the aggressors
and the Federalsts the victors. Thus
stand our accounts at prcsent,--wc trust
however, the matter has past over, and
tranquility been restored.
Yours atfeciionatcly,
A. HAMILTON.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16

The frat Congress such amendments as sh6
wished, IN order that they might be adapt
cd IN the manner prescribed BY Tic cos,stis
tuition. II tho oppopcHss Of the constituy
acn had conceived such theory, az that
me state would have the right to seccds
whenever she might become dissatisfied. Is
y Impossible 10 suppose that they would
nave insisted on previous amendments"
or IN nther words, conditional rati6ca<
ton. What WINS The view Of lis friends i.
evidenced by Mr.. Madison's letter "a Ham
itcn. After tho memorable del,,,. ,xh;c,s
was waged between the opno.no nar,;..~
from the % to the 25th of June. ibeCor,
miitcc Of the Whole. on the latter dnv. -,
ported TO the Convention a preaml,ic .yJ
the two following resolutions:
Resolved, That il is tho opinion Of thu,
committee that the said constitution be rat
fed.
Resolved. That il is the opinion Of this
committee that whatsoever amendment
may be deemed necessary, be rccommen-
dcd to the Congress which shall first MS.
scmblc under tho snid constitution, 10 bo
acted upon according to the mode pre-
| scribcd in the fifth article thereof
a motion was made to amend the first
resolution by Substituting:
"Rcsolvcd, That previous to the raiiiicn
ton Of the new constitution Of government
recommended by the late federal Convcn-
ton, declaration Of rights, asserting and
securing from encroachmcnt the grcat prin-
ciplcs of civil and religious liberty, and the
inalienablc rights Of the people. together
with amendments to the most exccp,iona ;
bic parts of the said constitution Of govern.
mcnt, ought to be referred by this Convcn-
ton 10 the other States in the American
coniedcracy for their consideration
The amendment was rejected, ayes so.
noes IS.
| The FIRST resolution OF the committee Of
The whole was then agreed to, ayes 50,
noes 70; and the second resolution was a.
greed TO without division. The ratiEca-
ton was made to conform to the resolves.
and a bill Of rights and various amend
ments OF the constitution were rccommcn.
dcd to Congress
1t would be easy to produce from tho
debates Of the Virginia Convention. many
declarations. by speakers on both sidcf,
which show, beyond any sort of question,
that the unconditional ratification finally
determined upon was universally UNDER
stood to preclude the possibility Of tho
States rcccding from the Union. True,
the form ofeh,i6cntion affirmed. that tho
power granted under the constitution. be-
ing derived from tho people of tho United
States. may be resumed by them whom
ever the same shall be perverted TO their
injury or opprcssion;" but this was only
The assertion Of the undoubtcd right ofpopu.
lar resistance TO oppression, and not 81 tho
right Of State 10 withdraw from the con-
iederaey, without a corresponding right in
the remaining States TO judge whether she
has or has not just cause for dissatisfac.
ton.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16
The Halifax and Bedford DiS-
tricfS.

1t is believed TO be entirely within the
power of the Wings, to carry these two
districts, if they will but turn out in full
force. They are more closely contested
probably, than any other in the State -
A single vote in either, may decide the re-
suit. We must earnestly urge every
Wing voter in the two districts. not to al
low the day to be lost, by lis failure to
attend the polls. We appeal to every nom
resident voter, TO give few hours to his
cause and his country. There are several
voters in the Halifax district who reside in
this town. and many here. who have otes
in Amherst, and Bedford. We hope that
not one of them, will be found staying at
home on the day OF the election. 1t will
not be the case, we warrant, with The or
posite party. The Halifax district was
carried four years ago, by single vote
and that from Lynchburg. Itmay be so
again, Amherst and Bedford, are so near
to us, as to leave no excuse TO any one, foL
failing to vote. To the polls-onc and ALL
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16
'fhe Leading staple

Senator Douglas, OF Illinois, in his re-
cent speech Mt the Agricultural Fair, IN.
W calls cotton 'ihe leading staple of the
Uited States" Mr.. Douglas, in making
tins proposition. has merely followed, with.
out investigation, common notion, willing
ly iudulgcd hy those who thinl, Tor pro
Ess) that foreign trade is the source of ma
'ional wealth, Bui is it truel Cotton is
most valuable article--has enabled South
rrn planters 10 employ their negroes, and
Northern manufacturers their capiiul-and
twbat is much more useful than either of
these ohiccts) has given a cheap and com
Portable clothing to millions of the poor
Blu, in no fair sense Of the term is it the
leading article of agricultural produce;
ind it is equally untrue and unjust to as
sert that it is. Let us look little into the
comparative results Of agriculture. We
take the facts from the census statistics
Of lsi0-lhosc of 1850 not being yet pub
lished:
articles. Pounds. Value.
Indian corn. 90 .65l. 1925 SI25.sl3,0Oo
Wheat. IS, 0S9. 3G6, 200 6S,S5S. sci
Hay. go, 596,2l6,000 1O2,lSl 900
Cotton -..-.. .790,479.275 63,239,342
The prices above are stated for each ar
,icle according to the prevailing rates in
the principal markets of the United States
at the time these statistics were taken. 1t
appears that the weight of the cotton crop
is less than tncaty5tjM part of the corn
crop. and the raiae about one-Aalf In
neither of these respects, then, is cotton the
leading staple" of the country, nor any
thing like it.
10 illustrate this matter further. let us
compare the value of the hay crop in the
State Of New York with that of the cotton
crop Of Mississippi, the largest producer of
that article;
New York hay .S3l soc, 900
Mississippi, cotton. .23, 10000
So that even hay in New York counts
higher than cotton in Mississippi, where ii
is the largest product. The above facts
are a sufficient answer to the oft-made as
sertion of superficial observes that cotton
is the "leading staple" ofthc United States.
The statistics for 1850 will place the mat
term still stronger light CSneinnafi Ga
zeffe.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16
Senatorial Convention.


The Wings of Campbell held meeting
at the Courthouse last Monday, for the
purpose Of organizing in pursuance Of the
recommendation Of the State Convention,
and for the appointment of delegates TO a
District Convention, 10 nominate a candi
date for the Senate.
We have not space in this number for
the entire proceedings.
1t being understood that the Wings of
APpomattox would attend a Convention
at such time and place as the Wings of
Campbell might designate, the following
resolution was adopted.
Rcso'rcd, That the proposed Convention, will be
held in the town Of Lynclhurg at the Maaonc Hall.
on Tuesday the 2lst inst, and that the delegates
from both counties be earnestly recommended to ut
tend.
4th, That ten delegates be appointed from each
election preciaci attend said Convention TO wit:
Court House.-Dr A J Clark, Jno ID
Alexander. Jno c Murrcll. DanI Mari,
Stephen Perrow, Philip T Withcrs, Wm C
Perrow, Horatio Depriest, Cap VIM w
Matthew'S. J Lcfiwich.
Porter's Stop-Robcrt Saunders, Cap
Saml Tardy, Edmund J Early, Abner
Early, Saml C Tardy, Lafayette Lee, Ed
ward Carter, George Lennon, Li,tleber-
ny Moon, Alex Brooks
Hat Crcek.-Dr Booker T Smith, Thos
Bci,ertcn, Jas Terry. Francis T Jennings,
Christopher Clark, Thos f Poindextcr,
Cornelius Hubbard, Matthew Il Nowlin,
o c Clark. DR. Robert Smith
1larysriHe.-Cap Thos Fox, Robert
johnson. John III Sweeney, John Bradley.
Henry Hazlewootl, John PANEL, John b
Dabney, DR. Ro Z Withers, Richard Nor
gan, Philip NJ Payne.
Lyachbnrg-.Jas Mcdonald, Jno r
Mcdaniel, VIM NJ Cabcll, Jas Fre,well.
Don I c Peters. Col Jas NJ Lanshorne.
Ihos Z Nash, ID p Rees, Richard Per-
kins, jr. II NJ Didlakc.
On mo,lonof Z ID Christian. il was IMAM
lmonsly Resolved, That we will zealously
and cordially support the nominee of the
Convention and use every honorable effort
to secure his election.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16
Letters Of Acceptance.

We lay before the public, the letters d
acceptance from two of our candidates, un-
der the New Constitution. The letter OF
Mr.. Summers, admirably conceived and
expressed, is such as We expected from a
statesman, gentleman, and scholar OF
his high reputation. Mr.. Baxter's letter is
brief, explicit and in fine taste.
Cn,RLoTTsvILLE. Sept. 90. 1851.
SIR: The Wing Convention, now in SEES
sion at this place, has constituted us its or
gan to announce to you, that you have re-
ceived its nomination for The Office Of Chief
Magistrate, under the new Constitution OF
our State.
In discharging the grateful task assign.
ed us, it gives us pleasure TO state that the
nomination was unanimously made. From
every portion Of the State there wns but
one voice, and that in reclamation Of the
choice of the Convention.
We trust to be able to announce, at nm
early day, your acceptance of tho nomina-
ton.
When you shall have accepted it (Which
we do not permit ourselves for moment
to doub,) we shall have no fear but that
the responsibilities its acceptance imposes
will be met in a way worthy Of your own
renown, and ofthe important interests con-
fided TO your charge
We are. very respectfully.
Your friends and fellow citizens,
V. w. SOUTHALL,
II. p. IRVING,
DAVID PATTERSON,
JOS. SEGAR,
II. Il. SEMPLE.
Hon. G. w. SUMMERS.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16
UNION CAN D I D A T E
FOR CONGRESS-,
PHILIP A. BOILING.
Wliig Rally.

The Wings of Lynchburg are requested
10 meet at the Masonic Hall. Saturday
night, for the purpose offorming an Asso-
citation for the Gubcrnatorial canvass.
Addresses may be expected, and the
public are invited to attend
Let us have full house and an old fash
ioned rally.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16

III the discussion, Saturday night, Mr..
Lcake roundly charged, that the Southern
Press was established to aid the Dsunion-
lists Of South Carolina. Prominent nmong
those who aided in its establishment, were
the Honorablcs Thomas s. Bocock, Paulus
Powell and t.. III. Averctt. Lot the public
remember this declaration Of Mr.. Lcake
and ponder its foil import, before they 60 TO
the polls next Thursday.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16
Mo.. shcIfos. +. Lcnke.

AAO1s SncItOu H. AcUAcs
In compliance with an invitation, from
some Of his political friends. Mr.. Lcakc.
opened the campaign in this place. last
Saturday night. He was met by N. II.
Campbell, Esq. the Wing Advocate forthis
Senatorial district. The discussion was
in high degree entertaining. Mr.. Leakc.
as is well known, is very adroit debater.
well verscd in modern political history, a
fluent speaker, and cmincnily skilled in
the use of polemical small-arms. Mr..
Campbell is quite young man, unaccus-
toned to political controvcrsy-and with
al, was called upon at very lato hour of
the evening, to meet his well prepared
and thoroughly practised adversary.
The odds seemed greatly against him.
and we imagined we saw. on the countc-
nanceso Of "thc unterriiied," the glow of saw
age satisfaction, as they awaited the feats
Of cannibalism, which Mr.. Lcake was
abou, 10 exhibit. Long did they wait and
sadly did those ,isages lcngthcn, when the
feast was finally served-ior, by trans
position Of lots, somewhat like that which
Hannah underwcnt-thcy saw their cham
pion subjected 10 the fate, he had prepared
for another, and the victim become the
vanquishcr. Never were men more dis
appointed.
Mr.. Leakc's address, in spite Of their
asseverations to the contrary, was up to the
highest lift ofhis powers. We know this,
from having heard him perhaps as fire.
queutly, as any one present on the occa-
sion. 1t was not that Mr. Lcakc spoke
less well than usually-but that they had
ovcrrated his capacities. and expected too
much. That he is quick and dextcrous -
expert in parrying a blow-and cunning
in tripping, is very certain--but that he
lacks the strength, without which, these
| arts are of but little avail, is as entirely
certain. Mr.. Leakc is not, and could not
become profound thinker. He is alto.
gcthcr exterior and supcrfcial-cxcclent.
y suited for the pol,,ician--not at all
qualified for the philosopher. This was
evinced by the obvious reluctance with
which he approached the discussion OF
the right Of secession, the trite and feeble
argument--if argument might be called,
| Il, l. ,a.lo -. lac &c tl,o ,,ol,t
and the time that he occupied in trivial and
irrclative subjects.
To say that Mr.. Campbell justified the
confidence and equalled the high cxpccta-
tons of his friends, would really do poor
justice to lis effort. They listened to him,
some we know with surprisc-all with I'M
mixed delight. He not only met his an
tagonist successfully at every point, but he
overwhelmed him with conclusive and
unapswcrablc argument against the doc
trinc of secession, as he had promulged it.
He showed that it was at war with the
theory of our governmental conflict with
the resolutions of 9S 9, as interpreted by
thci, author, and subvcrsive of the consti-
tuition. He made an eloquent, a noble, a
triumphant vindication Of his principles and
party, and drew forth round after round of
prolonged and rapturous applause. 1fMr.
Lcake does not elsewhere win more lau-
rels than he did in Lynchburg, he will
close his present campaign with leaAess
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16

CHARLOTTESVILLE, Sept. &c.
SrR:-The Wing State Convention, now
in session at this place, has assigned to US,
as Committee, the pleasing duty Of com
munica,ing to you your unanimous noni-
nation to the people of Virginia for the Of
fee OF Attorney General under the amend
ed Constitution.
We takcmuch pleasure in announcing the
fact to you,and hoping soon to hear of your
acceptance ofth nomination,wem most CON
fidently anticipate that, approaching as you
will the responsibilities you will assume, the
high trust confded to you will have an a.
BILE, jealous and faithful champion
Wearc, very respectfully yours,
V. w. SOUTHALL,
II. p. IRVING.
DAVID PATTERSON,
JOSEPH SEGAR,
r. B. SEMPLE.
SIDNEY S. BAXTER, Esq, RICHMOND.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16
MADISON TO HAMILTON.

NEW DIRK, Sunday Evening.
Ny DEAR SR:-Iours of Yesterday is
this instant come TO hand, and l have but
a few minutes TO answer it. l am sorry
that your situation obliges you to listen to
propositions of the nature you describe
My opinion Is, that a reservation Of right
to withdraw, If amendments be not deci.
ded on under the form of the Constitution,
within certain time, is a conditional ratiG-
cation ,thatit does not make n /. Y ork mem
Der of the new Union,and consequently that
she could not be received on that PLAN
Compacts must be reciprocal this prin-
ciple would notin such case he preserved.
The CONSTITUTION REQUIRES AN Apop-
TIoN IN TOTO AND FOREVER. 1t has been
so adopted by the other States An adop
ton for time would be rs defective Us an
adoption ofsomc Of the articles only. In
short, any condition whatever must ,itiaie
the ratification. VIVA, the new Congress,
by virtue ofthc power To admit new States,
may he able and disposed 10 do IN such
case, do not inquire. as suppose that is
not the material point ut present. / have
not moment TO add more than my fcrvcnl
wishes for your success and happiness
The idea of rcservng right to Withdraw
was started at Richmond, and considered
MS conditional ratification, which was il
self abandoned as worse than rejection.
Yours, JAS. MADISON, in.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16

lions Frequently asked. For tic informa.
,ic1 or that class Of our readers who de-
sire Ia h. Informed on tho subject. We viii
suiioin the sections 81 the Ilill which had
roG.renco 90 the question pr Slavery, pre-
,nisiag Tia, the other sections We're in the
usual FORM Of Bills for the organization Of
Territoriad Govcrmnenrs- Here orc the
words Of the Bill:
"SEc 26. 1at he il lantey caacfcl,
That The lcgisln,ye power Of said Terri
tory shall, until Congress shall Otherwise
provide, he vested III the governor, sccrc-
,ary, and judges offhe supreme court, who
OF majority ~ lhcm, s':ali have po@.t %
pass any law for The administration Of J@s.
tee in said Territory, "bra sf1'sii not he
rcpuguant 10 tbs act, or inconsistent with
the laws and Constitution OF tie lJniicd
States. But no law shall bo passed inter
fcring with Che primary disposal OF the
soil, respecting an establishment OF rcll-
gion. or respecting the ProhibIlion or cs
tablishment OF African slavery; and no tax
shall be imposed upon The property OF the
United States; nor shah The lands or other
property OF non-resden's he taxed higher
Than the lands or other property Of resi-
dents: All the laws shall oe submitted TO
the Congress Of the United States, and, If
disapprovcd. shall be null and void"
And in the 3Ist section, after providing
for The organization OF Territorial courts,
the following provisionis found:
"Wri,s Of error and appeals from the
final decisions Of said supreme court shall
lie allowed, and may be taken TO the Su.
prcmc Court of the United States, i'm the
sau,c manner and under the same rcgula-
,;ons M from the eireult courts Of the Uni.
TOD States. excen, only that. in all cases
;nv,,lv;,a ,;,Ie ~ slaycs tho s,;a wits Of
nrro. 90 s.nn,o,s s,,,ll Lc a,lowcd .-,i Jec;.
AL 10 ,ha III, srnrn,ro corr, u;,Lo,,
,aa,rj 10 H. Lie 81 ,ho ,n,,,er Newer
80 ~, aan,ro,,a-..,. al -, H.
T., ~. a.no. 49,, aa Va ,i,,,oJ
~ ID s ~ e. e., ,Ia Ta;.oJ '. g..
Gu. wv Leip e"e - H. 's .u,,na,a 49, 80, -,
"o'. nc oe,.e'on u ~. s''i"o tou''
49, 4 VI: -, =. ~ '"y 81 ~:
'' VI u .he o'',''I' .oa,'o o.I"'eu y ''''s
".'. u r ~ a"y Juus ; '"a'tG' .PoN NY
-" r. "aDsa9 ri ~ '"' 'e'
III FL l'e'soIa' ne' .a,,,a,, H.
n 80 :, 49," 80 e. ''o o".s
y. Sc W I.o -, ~, ~
~ I.y y. =, So,nl''.n, n" "" r. ~. 81
G '"' - G aTla'y" :. : NJ Nh No
o, III -, I'M IN. I n a',u -.o" TT -
io'. "oy Prohioi'cs J"ef" '"c i,''i'
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16
To the Public.

Nj persons Announcing themselves candidates
far oiii-c, under the New Constitution, viii be
.'iasgeI Ut Inc usual advertising rites.
Pr t'r Information II the pubic, We re-pubu-h
lie flosin~ notice from the T1giaiza Of the 2Gtli
January. 1896:
'Di,iinary Notrrs viii hereafter be Inserted up
% rone other than The. following terms, viz:
Those not exceeding on s4aafe Published free Of
cimrgei f,r every line arr and aJore TINT length.
tte Nssa! efrTfif1s racs rH iararirJty charged"
CrmmEAtc0 inns ,ara b. rritien on one sisc Of die
patc, onig aaa, IA all oases, accompanied by De name
n The avsLoT.
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-10-16
News From the StauntOn COnven-
ton.

The New Orleans Picayuae has intclli-
gcnce by telegraph, from the Staunton
Convention, to the following effect:
The Democrats in Virginia have nominated 10
seph Johnson for Governor, and Jonas Sheldon
Lcancy for Lieutenant Governor. Some dissatisfic-
ton being manifested with the candidates the con-
vention adjourned"
"The noise and confusion" attending
the nomination of Mr.. Leakc, were so great,
that we don't wonder at the Tclegraph's
making bother oft.