Anti-slavery bugle. [volume] (New-Lisbon, Ohio) 1845-1861, 1851-12-06

| estimated ~ lS,31D mteS, ANA tie annual
transportation Ihcrcnu ut 6iJ,206 miles. The
annual cost of this service is 81, 472, 1877, of
whirh SliSJ37 is paid hy the Post Office
Department, and 81 023 $50 is paid through
the Navy Department.
The annual transportation within thA Uni
ted States tcxciuhng the service ia California
aud Oregon, which is now, for the first time,
reported niId embraced in the tabular state
imcnts OF the DEPARTMENT. exceeds that of
the proceeding year, &, 6,l62,S55 miles, at an in
creased cost Of S5l7,ll
Tho whole number of posioilices in the
United States, on the 3Oth day of June last,
was 1886. There were 1,G9S post-oilices
established, aud 256 discontinued, during
tic year.
The gross revenues Of tic Department for
tlc fiscal year, including tie appropriations
| ldr the lluuNrd matter of Congress OF the
| Departments. aud officers of Government,
aud excluding the foreign postage, collected
for aud payable 10 the British pust-Oiiicc,
amounted to S6,127 Sj6 7S.
The expenditures for the same period lex
cluding S20,500 46, pnid under an award of
the Auditor, ia pursuance of resolution of
the last Congress, for mail service on the
| Ohio aud Mississippi rivers in 1892 aud 1893,
aud the amount paid 10 the British post-ol'
| flee for foreign postage collected for aud pay
| able to that uiticc,) Amounted to S6O2l ,566,-
| 20; leaving u hillncc Of revenue over the
proper expenditures of the year of SIO3,-
300 %.
The receipt: for posiagcs during the year
(rNcludIug the foreign postage collected for
aud payable tn the British post-ollirr,)
amounted 10 SG3lj7i7 q, hcingau increase
of S9O7GlO ~, or l5.6j-l0O per cent. over
the like receipts for the preceding year.
The reduction of postage, under the act of
March last, did not take effect until the com
menccmcnt ofthc present fiscal yeal. The
accounts for the first quarter, under tho ope
ration of the reduced rates, will not be set
tied before January next; and no reliable
cstmnte of the receipts for the present year
can yet he made II is believed, however,
that they will Iill far short of those of the
last year. The surplus OF the revenues now
on hand is, however, 50 large that no iiIrih
or appropriation from tic treasury, in aid of
the revenues of the Department, is required
for the current fiscal year; but an additional
appropriation for the year ending June 30,
1853, will probably be found necessary
when the receipts of the first two quarters o!
the fiscal year are fully asrcriaincd.
la his last annual report the Postmaster
General recommended a reduction Of post
age to rates which he deemed MS low ms
could hc prudcully adopted, unless Con-
grcSS was prepared To appropriate from the
Treasury, for the support of the Department,
II sum more than equivalent to the uiil SER
vices performed hy it for the Government
The recommendations of the Postmaster
General, IN respect to letter postage, except
on letters from aud to California and Oregon,
were substantially adopted 10y the last Con-
greSs. lie now recommends adherence to
the present letter rates, and advises against
II further reduction until justified 10y the rev.
enlIe of the Department.
lie also recommends that the rates Of
postage on printed matter be so revised ms q
render them more simple, and more uniform
in their operation upon all clnssUS of printed
matter | submit the recommendations of
the report TO your favorable consideration.
Iatlin commend to your favorable regard the
interests of the District Of Columbia, AMI deem
it only necessary 10 remind YOU, that although
It's inhabitants have no voice in the choice oI
representatives in Congress, they arc not the
less cnti,lc To 4 Just aud liberal cons, lcration
in your legislation. Ny opinions on this sub
icst are more fully expressed in my last annual
communication.
Other subjects were brought TO the attcn
ton of Congress in my last annual message, 10
which would respectfully refer Bat there
was ono Of moro than ordinary interest TO which
again invite your special attention. / alludc
10 the recommendation f1r the appointment oI
acommission 70 scttlc private claims against the
United States. Justice to individuals as well
as to the government impcratyely demands
that some more convenient and expeditions
mode than an appeal to Congress should be
adopted.
II is deeply to be regretted that in several in
stance, officers of the Government, in attempt
ing TO execute tho law, for tho return of tnsi-
tycs from labor, have been openly resisted, and
their efforts frustrated aud defeated by laWlesS
aud violent mohs, and ia one case, such rcSis-
tancc resulted in the death Of an cstimablc cltl-
zen, and in others serious injury ensucdtc &c those
officers and to those individuals who wore us-
ing their cndcavors to sustain tho laws. Prose-
cutons have been instituted against the alleged
offenders, so far as they could he identified, and
nre stip pending. have regarded it as my du
Is, ia these cases, to give all aid legally in my
power, to the enforcement of the laws. and |
shall continue To do 81 wherever and whenever
their execution may be resisted
Tho act of Consfcss for tho return of fugi
tivcs from labor is one required and demanded
by the express words ol the Constitution.
The Constitution declares THAT no person
held to service or labor in one State, under tho
laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, IN
consequence of any law or regulation therein,
be discharged from such service or labor, but
shall be delivered up on claim of tho party to
whom such service or labor may he due
Thia constitutional provision is equally obliga-
tory upon the legislature the Executive, and
Judicial Departments Of the Government and
upon every citizen of the United States.
Congress however, must from necessity, first
act upon tho subject, by prescribing the proceed
ings necessary to ascertain that the person is n
fugitive, and tho means to be used for his rcsto
ration to the claimant. This was done by an
act passed during the first term of President
Washington, which was amended by that enac-
ted by the last Congress, and it now remains for
the Executive and Judicial Departments to take
care that these laws be faithfully executed
This ininnctinn of tho Constitution is as pcr.