Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-04-26

HesisuDie, IKE the superior cause which produces IT, fou
zee sbssin sndrcgss. shss 10 inshspows
Of the operator to hasten rssrd the manifestation Every
put in the presence Of the fact whether converted Or ot
70 prevalent IDEAS remains for minutes thoughtful and
SILENT and generally reres bearing sway with him mose
pressing and veer sentiment Of our incessan. mobility in
space. e9s n. igtEt6Ehi
As have already sd the observation bears upon the
m,vement of the pendulum, Of the most precious nsu
ments Of physics Of the finest conceptions Of Calico
The simple pendulum IL pure sbstacion creation Of the
mind, which Il Is impossible to realize materially tits sup
posd to be formed Of heavy moecule suspended BY ex
ble inexensbIe thread, without weigh attached by the
upper extremity to fixed point and intended preserve an
unvayDg distance between the fixed point and The moecue
The perfect fexby Of the thread thepont Of attachment
permits the molecue to upon the surface Of sphere Of
which the thread the radius and the fixed point the
In practice approach nearly possible the conditions
OF the simple pendulum, BY causing very dense metallic
sphere to represent the heavy molecules and the most slender
thread that be used without rupture represent the
mathematical thread Furnished with pendulum Of this
kind the physician verss. very nearly the laws indicated
by mechanics those which would be illustrated BY the
movement Of the simple pendulum. |. is thus that this
physical pendulum removed two Or three degrees from the
VERTICAL and then e ITSELF passes and repasses by that
vertical describing long series Of oscillations decreasing in
extent but the duration of which sensiby the same,
from the largest 70 the smallest This fundamental property
Of the pendulum, discovered by Gao and known by the
name Of socronis, has been for than centues
the object Of nnumershle observations and Huyghsns by
applying the pendulum clocks produced the valuable
instrument for the Of time But the clock
maker taking possession Of the pendulum has caused u
to undsgo modification which masked another Of IL temark
able Properiesthe very which have just brought
into play; mean its property Of faithfully preserving s
nf Of than
dulum clocks II has been found expedsni to supsod it,
not BY thread BY means Of knis plate which
pes to vbae plane determined by the construction and
permanently set in correspondence with the immovsbe pieces
Of the machine whence il follows that the pendulum Of The
clockmakers longer oscistss freely about point upon
the surface Of sphere, but in deeminste and
about fixed axis. 9l ta ai8t ans.lFi
In order to demonstrate the movement Of the EARTH il has
been necessary break this connexon Of the plane Of osc
ton with the point of sachment and back the free
pendulum. It was necessary to deliver the admirable in
sument Of Calico from the bonds which habituay attached
to the earth, and reesabliab, with s original indepsn
dence its natural relations with absolute space An
sphere, suspended from fixed point BY metallic thread
slender, homogeneous, and exactly cylindrical posi-
besuch is up TO the present time, In oil the simplicity
Of Galeos invention, the instrument the best adapted give
to sensible sign Of the rotation Of the globe upon which
be dwels The moment il Is put 10 motion it belongs, in
sort the celestial space snd If il yet holds by
point the earh il Is only that il may continue present
the eyes Of the spectator and offer him the evidence Of his
own mobility. tssg ae 3 ses gasi ,ess
It's In fact easy TO show by experiment up to what point
may upon the Independence oft plane Of osc
lation. s s 5se lt4ssis :sisataa sssG 8a A
Before contemplating directly the Of the earth
ITSELF which by s slowness compes the resort to apparatus
Of extraordinary Dimensions, let install upon table, which
will make at pleasure. small penduluma ball Of
lead suspended BY thread The room in which operate
shall represent the universe the table shall be for the
earth. The pendulum, attached to support, shall work
above circle aversed by different damee Of which the
point Of intersection corresponds with the direction Of thepen
dulum when at rest. The pendulum, tho support and the
circle form connected whoe complete apparatus which
place. r the Of the table. You then take
hold Of the ball Of lead draw from Its position Of equi
brium following the direction Of Of the ismetes Of the
circle; then let it &c, and your observations.
What happens then The most simple and evident thing 10
the world. The moment becomes free the pendulum starts
toward the central point passes il by virtue Of the velocity
has acqured returns to il again. passes and repasse until
its that centre, having oscaed in
unvayng plane in the direction Of the diameter along which
it had received the primitive impulse Let seek to OBJ
the vibrations Of the pendulum, by comparing them
with fixed points of the table, upon the walls Of the
CuumUefs uuu No VIII mduuc DO 70
the conclusion that the plane Of oscillation is unchsnsng
But h while the pendulum in play you the table
gently and smoothly turn upon ITSELF what will be the
aions Of the plane Of oscillation, both TO points objects
chosen off the table, and to the rad Of the divided circle
ask you oil who have not yet made the experiment. what
would be your answer to such question Does il not sp
pear you, first sight, that the plane Of oscillation, drawn
by the Of the table, is going change its dec
on 10 the room and preserve the relative position upon
the divided circle Profound error his precisely the
material object 1t does not belong either to the sup
port the table. Il belongs to spaceto absolute space
The communicated TO the material objects which
surround the pendulum changes their relations with the plane
Of oscillation whence results that the rotary of
the table has simply the effect Of causing the several dame
ers Of the divided circle pass successfully beneath the
plane Of oscillation. which remains inyariabe.
This being we'll abshed, becomes necessary repeat
the experiment under circumstances somewhat comp
Gated So long the apparatus remains at the centre Of the
table, and the table itself only turns upon its axis, the
plane of oscillation remains absolutely fixed. But Jon
place the apparatus upon the edge Of the table, while the
Bile itself turning about its supposed CENTRE the vertical Of
the penduum which always be included in the plane Of
oscillation, becomes eccentric, and consequently 10 mater-
ally subject to Of translation, which did not ex-
the preceding This movement draws with the
plane Of oscillation, and upon its abso-
Lutte xedness But is the plane itself going to change BY
True, follows the vertical in s displacement