The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-09-20

mspt itself has from its foundation been large impor
been n oSaesd on private sccouat princps for the
OF our commsscial marine. The importations COM
menced when little or no hemp wss produced in this
country and have been continued, under the impress
sion that American hemp not equal to that Of
Russia for the manufacture Of cordage. It has long
climate are we'll adapted to the growth Of hsmp
and that We can produce it cheap and in aoun-
danes II Is now believed that the hemp grown
in Kentucky, Missouri Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa. ana
perhaps other States Of the Union Is fully equal to the
Russian in strength and texture and that our coaary
can be rendered equal II not superior to that of Rus
sia for all purposes to which the latter has been
In this country This fact lenders the culture o.
well worth the attention Of American agricultursts
people only the second and destined soon 10 De Tue
FIRST commercial and maritime nation OF the worid,
to the succt of Its commercial and naval enterprise
The capacity soil for the production OF hem? !.
unlimited; while immense foreign, coastwise, and
internal navigation insure to 1t an ample ana
home market.
would fam say few words the culture Of Mubsr-
res connection with the raising Of the and
the Of Silk aware that the experiments
heretofore made have usually proved unsucc sssfn but
the enterprise resembled more mercantile speculaticn
than fair trial by practical men. am 10th to believe
that within the wide range Of Northern and southern
cultiyation of the skworm silkworms, aud the
peculiar species OF mulberry upon which they i've were
first introduced into Asia Minor from China and the ex
pertinent having succeeded in Greece in Turkey, In
France in Italy in SPAIN aud in Portugal s IL not rea-
sonabe suppose that they would also thrive in many
care were bestowed upon them which the
conditions Of their growth! Experiments have lately
been made in South Carolina in the cultivation of the
Chinese tea plant and the accounts have seen are
to be relied upon have entirely succeeded Why then
should not silk article much less delicate than tea
and which has already succeeded in SO many different
cmes be susceptible also Of profitable cult alton In the
United States 4 large portion OF our imports from
Europe consist Of manufactured silks and if could
succeed in DEMONSTRATING that species Of Industry de-
gree of stability would be impaired TO oar foreign COM
rcial policy which would serve to prevent the con-
nd softsa wit N
My remarks on the subject OF .ilk apply prhaps with
equal force 10 the cultivation OF the vine rue vns
Asia but has attained its highest perfection in
Europe and Africa While there scarcely species OF
Asstic wine knowa to commerce. some of the highest
priced wines ia Europe manufactured from vineyards
IN latitude 4S AID 5O Careful tending and manuring
and the Of the wine in thu c4sk aud in the
cellar seem 70 have done every thing We have as many
varieties of the grape any Of the world Indigenous
to country and growing uxurianty wild In wool
and praie The greater part OF them however, remain
still uncutiyated, without the least value being at
tached TO them by our farmers. Yet strange to say
almost every experiment which has been made with
indigenous grape has succeeded. Good wines,
far superior in quality to the ordinary hooks and caret
imported into this country, are now m ide from pure
indigenous grape in many portions of Pennsylvania,
Ohio. Kentucky, Indiana Illinois, Missouri and doubt
less in other States of the Union while 1t Is we'll known
that wine has long been staple article of production In
the valley Of the Rio Gande aud the southern portion Of
California. The Catawba grape has shown Itself ADM
raby adapted to the manufacture Of champagne while
the lighter sorts of furnish excellent article for the
OF the table have been informed that natives OF
Europe, adopted citizens of the United States,
willing pay higher price for them than for the usual
qualities of French or German wines to which they are
accustomed.
very fair ladies wine s produced iu North Caroina
from pdig. grape, called scuppernong peculiar
to that State Similar experiments have been made in
other States and it would as II the indigenous
American grape Infinite in its varieties and its cul
ture better adapted to the soil and climate Of this
try than that Of other kind Of grape Imported either
from Europe, Africa the Canary Islands In view OF
these facts it is certainly no wild conestur. to su oppose
duce good wine cheap and in such abundance, as to
render it common and daily beverage. Such result Is
be deprecated the part those most scrupuoa
the subject Of ar lent spirits for IL is well est abhei
fact verified by the observation OF every day, that the
population of wine growing countries is noted for
briefly temperance The most sober people Of the
old world in the wine growing countries OF southern
Europe where the article like wafer placed on every
table free Of cost but extra charge made for coffee
and v.ry exorbitant for tea rhey scarcely ever
indulge in il to excess while in Northern Russia where
ardent spirits Used substitute for wines, intoxica
tion IL the prevailing vice
am now about to say few words very in2or-
tsnt branch Of hubandry, Of peculiar interest to the
American farmer sllude to the growth Of WOOL an ar.
cle which In small deg affects our foreign aud do
nestle exchanges So far experience has demonstra
ted large portions country admirably adapted
the growth Of wool In the production of no other
article has there been so great an guam
tity and quality Our early attempts At wool growing
exclusively confined TO the inferior breeds
Of sheep and the qualities of wool under the
,alent impression that the Saxon, merino, South Doyns
and all other finer qualities could not be raised in this
country. Recent experiments however, go far to show
| that the finer qualities Of wool can be produced in
| ibis country by Similar care ana attention TO tns
breed and culture Of the sheep, as well as in
| any part 81 Europe and 70 an extent beyond our
present demand The hills of New England, New
| FORK, and Pennsylvania, have been shown to be
| well adapted 10 the raining Of sheep, and II can
| hardly be doubted that the mountains Of Virgil
ria North Carolina and other Southern States, are
~qusy fasors BILE 10 the culture Wool AMI sheep
growing also becoming important branch Of in
dustry the Western prairies aud 1t highly probable
that the regions best adapted TO them will be found
between the Mississippi and he Pacific in the valleys
and upon the great plains on both sides Of the Rocky
They are for the most part elevated dry and
healthy sbounding in rich and pure water Tbs
extent Of country 10 which refer, embraces an aiei
than twice that Of the original thirteen States OF
the Union and is destined to be Occupied by nelli
gent Industrious and energetic Of men not Inferior
In any resfect those who inhabt the old States Ma
has designed IL fer the bsbtaon Of agricultural
people and ding must be their pursuit.
In the early stages of the woosn manufactures Of
roTe. the finer qualities of wool almost exclusively
supplied by Spain, and the belief existed there it did
here that other country could supply the quail
ity. The northern climat, IL was thought, would I'm
pair the ncne,s OF the staple Blu. the erno sheep
troduced into England dspeed that prejudice "A
Their Introduction at The beginning Of the present cen.
proper and cultivation will DO more 10 thg branch
II busbaudry than mere climate or other favorable ad-
ventipus circumstance. Tine saxon perino. for the
Turpose 81 woogrowing T. far superior 20 the Span
sb sDd its wool brings higher price in the principal
markets cf Eng and France and Belgium Indeed the
finer qualities 81 wool almost exclusively sup
pied by Germany while Spanish merino wool has Imost
entirely dappesred fr IN the wool cts Of Europe
rope Is fU Of valuable lessons 70 the American farmer
IL shows what knowledge, diligence and
ph against adverse clma and indifferent soils The
lesson full of encouragement TO and has already
stimulated the emulation Of our husbandnen IL an
read the future q this country wool Ia few years will
become much article. Of exporta ion, cotton
provision and breadstus and this Notwithstanding the
powerful rivalry which wool growers the Pacific
will ind In the progress Of wool growing ia Australia
There is species IL Industry lately into
use as incident 60 agriculture, which deem Of su
Gent Importance 10 recommend TO the attention Of
society IL = the manufacture Of oil and candles from
the fat % the hog known In the vocabulary q the West
a. the prairie whale - The process 81 manufacuTe of
these articles lea Wetern discovery ADD l. leading to
important results In the agriculture and commerce u
coantry.
The 10 which lard oil AZ be applied almost
rfpte IL was trst employed a substitute for lamp
oil and sperm candes; bat Fatualiy made % take
h- place 81 almost every species % animal fat vege
tabe oil employed Is manufa .tures, ami Is mlst
e,tniively usd Ia 81 kinds e machinery II " also
introduced % very large extent In many branches q
doneti eccucmy aud shsn refnei aud property pre-
pared l. usd in the chs u cont nent the
table, or ndispensatle article n the toilette Ls-d
oil u s said IL largely exported To- France and aer