davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1851-09-26
EMIGRATION.


We have Of late heard it stated thai
not less than one hundred families will
move from this county the present Fall ant
Winter; and tha' the number preparing Il
emigrate from the neighboring county Of
Monroe is still greater. These people. 100
generally have means and are good sub
stantisl ci'izens-some of them men who
have been toiIing for yenrs TO make COM
Portable homes Tor their families, aud ius
when they have succeeded they become dis.
satisfied, sell out, sunder old associations
and strike off to hunt a 'better country
where they may find richer lands, and alas
in too many instances earlier grnvo'.-
Why so many people iE Ess, Tennessee
should be seized with a mania for emicrn
ton is what we cannot understand. |, is
true there may he lands in other sections
that will produce few more bushels to the
sore; but where persons who are the leas,
exposed are at all seasons liable to be pros.
tratcd by diseases OF fatal character. snd
where families are never free from sickness.
The sl'uvial bottoms Of The Mississippi and
Arkansas. the rich prsires Of Ilinols and
Missouri. and the grain growing lands Of
Iowa and Wisconsin. with their immense
yields. look very tempting in the distance
to one who prizes gain abo6Haii things
BIT there are many DISADVANTAGES. sickness.
absence Of pure water. and want of coHve.
nicnces and facilities for education, which
when footed up will strike a balance in IA.
vor Of q residence in Eas, Tennessee. Here
the lands may yield less. but the waters are
pure. and the breezes tina, come from the
mountains and hills and sweep along the
valleys are laden with health. There every
breeze ,hnt blows for six months in the year
is freigh'ed with fevers. chills, md other
diseases which rapidly enervnte and pros.
trae the human system, and the malaria
from the swamps ard sluggish streams none
but the mos, robust constitutions can stand
even for few seasons. What 10 fortune,
what ore broad acres, large fields Of wav-
ing grain. or call The herds upon q thou.
sand hills" without health? True, death ia
the common lot Of all, and many pretend to
think that it matters not when, where, or
how soon it comes; but it is a duty men
owe to their families, 10 their children. TO
use every precaution to pro!ong their lives.
that they may watch over and protect them
until such time as they may be able to take
care Of themselves. Does the man who
is making comfortable support in healthy
country, leaves it for one of sickness and
disease, violate this du'y-is he acting the
part of prudent and consderute parenl?-
How many men who have left East Ten.
nessee within the last five years with The
hope of lettering their fortunes, have met
and death, leaving their wives and
children among strangers, 10 contend with
the cold.heartedness Of the world! But oil
we can say will not perhaps cause one p.r-
son to pause. The tide uill set oa-a few
may do better, the majority worse. and all
be disappointed and wish Themselves back
among the green bills Of East Tennessee.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1851-09-26

The New YORK Tribune. Of Thursday
saws: "Land warrants are IN small suppl,
and steady demand al 9lO0 a SIS.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1851-09-26
GEN. QUITMAN'S WITHDRAWAL
IMPORTANT AVOWALS.

tMIOlI 1AN1 ~ w ALSs
We copy from the Mississippi Free
Trader, a portion Of the card Of Gen. Quit
man. Withdrawing from the gubernatorial
canvass in Mississippi, as follows:
"The result of the recent election! foi
the Convention. however brought about,
must be regarded. at least for the present,
as dec 'sive of the position Of the State and
the great issues involved.
"rhe majority have declared that they
are content with the late aggressive meas
ures OF Congress. and opposed TO any RENE
dial action by the State.
"Although this determination of the peo-
pie is at variance with my fixed opinion OF
the true policy of the State. heretofore ex-
pressed and still conscien,iously enteriain-
ed; yet as a State Rights man. and a Demo
apparent will of the people.
at is true the State has not vet spoken
auihoratively; even the acts Of the Con-
vention will not he binding until they shall
have been ratified bv a vote OF the people:
mt by the election Of non resisters 10 the
Contention. a majority of the people hare
declared against the course Of policy on The
s'drery question. mhi;h deemed IL my d.
~ TO pursue mhile Governor; and against
the principles upon ,clich I ,ras nominated.
and upon which alone / had consented to
run as It candidate. I might. perhaps. be
elected, notwithstanding this demonstration
OF public sentiment in the election for the
Conventions; but as have been mainly in
strumental in seeking the expression or the
will OF the people through Convention,
! ought, in my political action, 10 abide
by it,"
The RAILWAYS OF THE UNITED STATES.
Tile July number of Hunts Merchants
Magazine contains a carefully prepared
table Of the Railroads of the United States.
The table gives the name Of every road in
operation, and of those in course Of con-
struclion; together with the length and cost
of each, commencing with Maine and
closing with Wisconsin. The first train OF
railway passenger cars in the United States
was put in motion December 2Sih, 1920.
upon the Baltimore and Ohio Railway.
which was opened on that day to Ellico,.'s
Mills, distance of thirteen miles from
Baltimore. A single horse was attached
10 two Of Winan's carriages. which were
drawn with ease eleven 10 twelve miles per
hour. The number Of miles of railway
now in operation in the United States. is
1929. Railways have not, as yet, cross.
ed the Mississippi River.
The number of miles of railway now in
operation upon the surface of the globe is
"a .02S; l3,435 being in the Eastern Hem
sphe'e, and 1862 miles being in the
Western Hemisphere, and distributed as
follows:-ln the United States, 10.220
miles; in the British Provinces, 90; in
the Island Of Cuba, $50; in Panama. %;
in South America, 80; in Great Britain.
662l; in Germany, 4542; IN France, 1881;
in Russia. 422; in Belgium, $50; and in
Spain. GO miles. The longest railway in
operation Is the New York and Erie, which
is 467 miles in length.
The Athens post. [volume] (Athens, Tenn.) 1848-1917, 1851-09-26

NJ Among the names Of the Cuban pris
oners sentenced TO the Spanish mines, WI
notice that of Jno. G. Bush, son Of Mr.
George Bush, OF Athens. He was ed lieut.
Of one Of the companies attached to the ILL.,
fa,ee expedition.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-02-25

minutes debate on amendments. This was
agreed to.
The House then went into Committee Of the
Whole on the state Of the Union, Mr.. BURr In the
chair and proceeded to act on amendments 70 the
Civil and Diplomatic Appropriation bill. There
was debate.
Whom the clause making appropriations for for
Mr.. McCLERNAND offered an amendment,
which was agreed to, provided that the act enti-
tied IAN act for carrying into effect the convention
between the United States and the Emperor Of
BRAZIL, concluded on the 9th june ls49, il hereby
continued in force for one year after the hrst OF
March next.
Mr. McCLERNAND moved to strike out the APP
eropriatiOn for charges de. .iairss at Guatemala
propriate SIS, 600 for the salary and outfit OF an
envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary
to the several States Of Central America, and for
secretary of Legation, $4,000
The amendment was disagreed to--ayes Al, noes
not counted.
The clause making appropriation for the mint at
Philadelphia having been read
Mr.. PHOENIX offered an amendment viz: Pro-
vidsd further, That If the corporation of New York
shall, before the frat day of June, 1884, pro-
vide buildings suitable for a mint. and lease the
same to the United States free Of charge, 80 long
as II may BIO used for mint. II shall be the duty Of
the Secretary Of the Treasury, under the direction
ofthe President United States tocausc to be
moved to the said building the Office and machinery
and other appurtenances of the mint at Philadel-
phia; and all laws for the government OF the mint
at Phiadelphia shall be applicable to the mint in
the city of New York.
MIR. JONES raised question of order, as it pro-
posed to change existing law.
The CHAIRMAN decided the amendment to be
out of order.
MIR. PHOENIX appealed from the decision Of the
chair; and
The question being taken, the Chairman was sus-
tained-ayes II, nocs "A.
After acting on other amendments, the commit
tee rose. and, at fifteen minutes past O'Clock
The House adjourned.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-02-25

Alice Lisle settled the agitation against the
= tyranny Of James the Second. Just as the
regiments Of General GAaE on Bunker's Hill
settled the payment Of a tax on tea. Thus
has the absolute temper which defes the
. rights of men ever settled what II could not
justify by reason. But thank God that with
us there is yet left heart which responds to
the appeal Of humanity, and which, if not SEN
sible in time for the prevention, il yet alive "
the correction Of the evil that it has permitted
to arise. | thank God that in this case, as
well as in the old one of the Stamp act, if its
passage could not be prevented, we can hope to
take the force out of its provisions, and ulti-
mately to compel the repeal of the law"
These hints and threats of revolutionary
remedies resemble Mr.. CHAsE's allusion to
the proclamation Of Governor GAGE and its con-
sequences which was very properly rebuked by
Mr.. DoDGE, of Iowa, by the intimation that if
Mr.. CHASE and his friends were disposed to
conflict and bloodshed, they might make up
the issue just as soon as they thought proper.
When language like that Of the speeches and
resolutions of this meeting has been held by re-
sponsible men, and followed by the acts it is in
tended to stimulate, we think that the PREsI-
DENT would have failed in his duty If he had
omitted to adopt the measure which the Bos-
ton Alias, and like friends of the Administra
ton, denounce as unnecessary and uncalled
for fi.sl
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-02-25

That the nature Of Mr.. Senator RxNrouL's
relations should be distinctly understood, we
must remember that The consideration promised
by his friends for his election has not yo,
been paid, and that the Abolitionists are call
ing Justify upon the new Senator and Governor
boutwell, for their dues. II is clear enough
that there has been an entire failure of consid-
eration---and the least that Mr.. RANToui can
do in honor is to make some public declaration
Of his desire that his Democratic friends in the
Legislature should fulfil their pledges. He will
be compelled to unburden his conscience in
this way, If he expect to find his seat easy or
honorable! M
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-02-25

The interesting debate on Mr.. CLAY's mo-
ton to refer the Presidents message to the
Judiciary Committee was yesterday continued
in the Senate. Mr.. BERRIEN explained the
position of Georgia in relation to the Compro-
mise and the Fugitive Slave law, and discussed
at some length the propriety and necessity of
State Legislation to remove the obstacles now
interposed to the recovery Of fugitive slaves.
Mr.. RHErT, the new Senator from South
Carolina, followed. He demonstrated to his
own satisfaction that the Fugitive Slave law
was unconstitutional. He demolished series
of decisions of the Supreme Court, and shook
off score of justices as the lion losses the
dew drops from his NAME" He babe fare
well to the Democratic party-charged them
with abandoning their principles at the last ses-
sion, and with going over to Mr.. CLAY. We
understood him to say that this was probably the
last time that he should speak in the Senate,
and that he considered the Union " engulfed."
The floor was then taken by Mr.. CLAY, who
spoke briefly, but with great animation and elo-
quence. He repealed the blows that had been
aimed at him by the ultras oft North and South.
iio ie'icWeu tho Vaiiou5 PoSie'o'S 'oheh W sho
Senator from South Carolina, and the doctrines
of the school to which he belonged. To the
charge Of being an "agitator" he replied with
spirit and effect; and explained very clearly,
and in manner most satisfactory, the objects
he had in view in moving the reference Of the
message. We have seldom listened to Mr.
CLAY when he has spoken with so much point,
fervor, and force.
Mr.. DAVIS, of Massachusetts, thought that
the civil power of the State he in part repre-
sented was adequate to the vindication Of the
laws, without the employment, Of military
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-02-25

A friend has sent US the new tariff of tolls
on the New York canals, by which we see
that the rates Of the present year will be about
one-fourth less than those of last year, the ne
cessary consequence Of which must be great
diminution in the proportion of the trade of
Canada and the western States that will seek
the outlet of the St. Lawrence, and diminu-
ton in the value Of that river as channel Of
trade. Such being the case, it will be nice
question to determine how the reciprocity bill
should be altered to suit this new state of things.
Last year Canada claimed that, in considera-
ton of granting us the use of the river, for
which we had already largely paid, she should
be freed from the payment of duties on all she
needed to sell, while retaining the duties on all
she needed TO buy. 1t was sided bargain,
certainly; yet there were members of Congress
who advocated it. Now, however, that the
value of the river is diminished at least one
half, we presume they will be disposed TO agree
with us that it would be necessary to revise
the terms
1t is threatened that Canada will retaliate by
closing the Welland canal to our trade, and by
doing many other things; but we fear that that
canal runs some risk Of being closed to all the
world, by the abstraction Of all it's business, As
our canals and railroads come further into OPP
GRAFTON. 1t is, even now. our trade that sup
ports it. The total American tonnage that
passed through it last year was ,227 tons,
while the Canadian that passed ON, or through,
was but 28l 1873, and yet they threaten to close
it, and thus lose more than halfth tolls. The
closing Of the shop against the shopkeeper's
customers would be an original idea. That Of
the abandonment of the old and high priced
shop by the customers, in favor of the newer
and cheaper shopkeeper, is an old one that has
often been acted upon; and we are much dis
posed to think it will be SO in the present in
stance. 1t is time that our worthy friend Bull
should be taught that we are neither to be Sc
duced nor threatened into the purchase of his
wooden nutmeg, becoming daily more and more
wooden. b
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-02-25

force by the Federal Government. He replied
to the remarks Of Mr.. BERRIEN and MI. BAD
GER, which he thought bore with undue weight
upon the people Of Massachusetts. He pre-
dicted that there would be no resort to the ar :
my or navy to enforce the law in Massachu-
sets, as he deemed that there would be no me-
cessity for Federal coercion.
We refer to our report in another column for
an abstract of the debates. At an early day we
shall present the speeches in a more full and
accurate reporter the subject is one of en-
crossing interest, if not of vital importance.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-02-25
-oFFIcIAL.

APPOINTMENTS BY THE PRESIDENT,
By and toih the aduice and consent Of the Senate.
DAVID r. DIrrENpERyFsa, Of Pennsylvania, to be
Consul of the United States for Paso del Norte, in
the Mexican Republic; in place of John s. Lucas,
resigned.
OLIVER ELLSWORTH, of Connecticut, to be Consul
of the United States at Quito, in the Republic of
Ecuador. eN
HENRY L. PARHAM, of Tennessee, to be Consul
Of the United States for the Port Of Rio Grande in
Brazil, in place Of Robert B. Davidson, resigncd.
EDwAnD A. HOPKINS, Of Vermont, to be Consul
Of the United States in Paraguay, in South Amer
lea.
CITATION BAKER, of Mississippi. to be Chief Jus
tce of the Supreme Court of the United States for
the Territory Of New Mexico.
JAMES H. BIRcH, to be Justice of the Peace in
the county Of Washington, District of Columbia.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-02-25

We must do Mr.. CHASE the justice to say
that in the Senate yesterday he insisted that
he is not Disunionist, and that he is no far
Their Abolitonist than this---that he is de-
sirous of restraining slavery within the limits
contemplated by the Constitution. Mr.. CnAsE
acts with Abolitionists, and owes his elevation
to Abolitionists, and is consequently resPon
sible for all the evils which that class Of Dis
unionists have brought or may hereafter bring
upon the country
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-02-25
Congress.

In the Senate yesterday the bill to reduce
and modify the rates of postage was ordered to
be engrossed. And, after long debate, the
motion to refer the Presidents message re-
lating to the recent occurrence in Boston was
agreed to. -
The House of Representatives laid on the
table the motion, made on Saturday, to recon-
slider the vote by which the Fertilization bill
was rejected. The Civil and Diplomatic bill
was considered, and, after recess Of two hours
and half, the House reassembled, and re-
manned in session until few minutes past nine
O'Clock
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-02-25
THE REPUBLIC.
WASHINGTON:
TUESDAY MORNING. FEBRUARY 25. 1851


"The series of measures to which have alluded
are regarded by me as a settlement, in principle
and substances final settlement-of the danger
Gus and exciting subjects which they embraced"
"By that adjustment we have been rescued from
the wide and boundless agitation thatsurrounded
US, and have firm, distinct, and legal ground
to rest upon. And the occasion, trust, will JUS
tify me EXPORTING MY couNrRyMEN TO aALLy
UPON AND MAINTAIN THAT GROUND as the best, il
not the only means, of restoring peace and quiet
to the country, and maintaining inviolate the in
tegrity Of the Union"
[PREsIpEsr FILIMoRE's MESSAGE.
"The Presidents message, at the opening Of the
present session of Congress, expresses fully and
plainly his own and the unanimous opinion of all
those associated with him in the Executive admin
{ istration Of the Government, in regard to what
are called the Adjustment or Compromise mea-
of last session. That opinion is, that those
measures should be regarded in principle as
final settlement of tho dangerous and exciting
subjects which they embrace; that though they
were not free from imperfections, yet, in their
mutual dependence and connection, they formed
system of compromise the most conciliatory
and best for the entire country that could be OBJ
: tanned from conflicting sectional interest and
opinions, and that therefore they should be ad-
. hered TO, until time and experience should de-
monstrate the necessity Of further legislation to
9 guard against evasion or abuse. That opinion, 20
: far as know, remains entirely unchanged, and
9 will be acted upon steadily and decisively. The
peace of the country requires this; the security Of
the Constitution requires this; and every conside
ration of the public good demands this. If the
: Administration cannot stand upon the principles
Of the message, 1t does not expect to stand at ALL"
lDAsIEL WzRsrzRs Letter to tAs Union Msetiag
at Westchester.
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-02-25

AT this meeting Mr.. ADAMS, of the RANrouL
and SUMNER coalition, made speech which
was conceived in the same spirit Of menace and
rebellion against the people of the United States
that marked the speech Of Mr.. CHASE in the
Senate debate of Saturday. From the harangue
Of Mr.. ADAMS we quote single paragraph:
''No imperial edict of Rome's worst days
was ever marked with more burning stamp
Of human passion than this bill, and this is
called settling the slavery question. Settles
it! Yes, just as the fire of musketry, the
roar of cannon, and the tramp Of armed men
over the bodies Of the dead and dying, settled
the question Of Hungarian liberty. Just as the
Judgment of Jeffnes upon the charity Of
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-02-25
EVENING SESSION.

The House assembled at six O'Clock. quorum
On motion Of MIR. PHELPS. there was call of
the House. Fifty three mem bers answered to their
names.
The oficersof the House were directed to close
the doors.
The absentees called, when the following
named gentlemen were excused on account of sick
ness. viz Messrs. CALVIN, DISNEY, DuKR, EVANS
Of Maryland, FowLER, GERRY. GOULD, HACK Err
HEBARD, HoAoLANp, HUBBA np, and PREsroN KINe
Mr.. GORMAN asked that Mr.. GREEN be excused
being compelled to accompany young lady, with
out friends. to Alexandria. But the House refused
to excuse him.
Mr.. BOOTH, being necessarily out of town,
owing TO the dangerous ilnoss of his daughter was
excused
Mr.. JONES thought that the object was to do
business. He was Of tho opinion that, il the doors
were opened, the gentlemen who would come in
from outside would complete quorum.
The House refused to suspend further proceed
ings in the call-ayes ~, noes so.
Mr.. McLANE moved that the House adjourn.
He was opposed to night sessions.
The motion was disagreed to.
Mr.. TAYLOR and Mr.. BuLLAsp were excused on
account Of sickness, and Mr.. VHNARLR was ex
cused, having been called home, there being sick
ness in bis family.
AT fifteen minutes to seven O'Clock all further
proceedings in the call were dispensed with; and,
On motion Of Mr.. BAYLY, the rules wcro sus-
pended-yeas 81, nays 35-wben he introduced
resolution TO suspend the rule which permits five
The republic. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1849-1853, 1851-02-25

The meeting was addressed by WENDELL
PHILLIPs, esq.,; JAMES A. BRIces, esq.,, of
Ohio; Rev. THEODORE PARKER; G. LENNox
REMosD. WIN. B. SOONER, esq.,; Mr.. FRED
ERIcK DoUGLAs, and the Rev. NATHANIEL
CoLvER. A prayer was offered by DR.. Low
ELL, and letter read from the Hon. JOSIAH
QUINCY. The meeting appointed the following
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-03-24
TUESDAY, March IS, 1851.
HOUSE.

Various bills were read FIRST and order
ed to be read second time.
A bill authorizing the guarantee of the
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Bonds, was
laid upon the table. on motion of Dir. Wei
ton.
A bill Incorporating the Hardy and Ran
dolph Turnpike company was warmly
advocated by Mcssrs. Kec, Welton, and
McCue. Mr.. Boiling moved the indefinite
postponcmcns of the bill. Motion lost
The question recurring on the passage Of
the bill, the ayes and noeswerc demanded.
1t was decided in the affirmative. Ayes
&C, nays IS.
A bill incorporating the Westham Plank
Road company was passed.
A bill to authorize the Hazel River
Navigation Company to increase their
capital stock 1000, and authorizing the
subscription on the part of the State for
three ffths, was passed by the following
vote: Ayes ~, nays 80.
A bill to incorporate the Snow Greek
and Halls Ford Turnpike Company, tasks
no money was passed.
Z BIZ y incorporate the fredericksburg
Lynchburg Virginian. [volume] (Lynchburg [Va.]) 1829-185?, 1851-03-24
EVENING SESSION.
JEFFERSON ROAD CpMpANy

The bill Incorporating this Company
coming up for consideration, Mr.. Scott
moved substitute increasing the capital
stoc k of the Orange and Alexandra Rail
road Company by the additional sum of
S250,OO0 Of which the State is to take three
itihs. The substitute was advocated by
Mr.. Strother and himself, and opposed by
Messrs. Crutch6cld, Boiling and Harrison.
MIR. Buckner moved the indefinite post
ponemcnt Of the bill and substitute.
The ayes and noes being ordered, the
motion was agreed to by the following vote
ayes Sc, noes 81.
BILLS PASSED.
Concerning the Clerk and Court of Hus-
hngs Williamsburg, and granting sub
terranean right ofway through certain coal
lands in the rear ofmountains hills. This
bill was advocated by Mr.. Ferguson and
others, and opposed by Mr.. Dunlop.
On motion of Mr.. Stovall the House adj
journcd.