New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-01-27

notato and OF prusslc acio In = req cdOoe5S' ~
Z fnrther informed that the whole remainder OF
The fnnd to "a e amount OF S207 46s, was aPPro-
priated with S32 $50 in addition, % build maroic
wings to the Patent Office not, however, tor the
use of the Patent Office, or OF the mechanic an
inventor--for the present building was anPle -
that purpose, If it were devoted 70 It--out lo .Sn
use OF the Interior Department ana OF a
tional Institute museum, in when % a 49,,
the bugs andlizzards, snakes, alg stoss AZ 100.
outangs brought home by your various @''
EXPEDITIONS H. 49,.
The patent claimant suggests, perhaps that
this il all wrong that if no part OF the ioha can
be applied TO tighten some OF TOE "uous VI u's
class NJ least the fees and deposites required
sbonld be reduced, aud 20 further surplus De al
lowed 10 accumulate, bat remain In the pockets
of tbe inventor The Commissioner, however
assures him this can never be done, and refers
him to the last Patent Report, where it is actually
recommended that the fees, deposites, and for
FIXTURES be increased-some oil them one h"HaTea
per cent. -.
After having every impeachment thrown IN hls
yav and receiving neither look nor deed Of en-
couragement, the man turns away with unavan-
ing sorrow and disappointment-the antlciPatons
and hopes of years, perhaps OF me, Oss'SI ~ Io
blow He casts furtive glance at the Capitol
IL is, indeed, bat furtive he sets no hope OF
favor there he is neither an official professor,
nor a naval or army officer. He mentally muses.
with himself, and wonders what crime nc or bis
class can have committed, that there should be
such distinction made. He thinks OF the pl0w,
the steam engine, the cotton.gin power-loom, and
locomotive; he looks round upon your public
edifices, and dwellings Of ease and comfort upon
your ships Of war and commerce, upon the very
stones of the pavement at his feet, and remembers
that all were produced, constructed, or placed oy
minds and hands like his He therefore feels
more keenly the injustice of your partiality-
tastes more bitterly his wn subject inierlority.
Sir refer to these instances and cases only 70
illustrate your un just and imp0litc discrlmlna-
tions in favor of wealth. class, or station. could
proceed for the day, TO enumerate instances and
classes Of cases to prove that the wants OF the
necessitous working classes either totally
neglected or nsultingly slurred at the same time
that the merest incidental desires Of wealth and
station are cared for and gratiied with the most
scrupulous politeness and Promptness:
Sir would you learn aud practice the remedy
Would you produce content and happiness, and
render firm and secure the institutions OF your
country You must reverse your policy and
practice-turn your attention first 10 the wants
and necessities of the people as MAN, irrespective
of his relations to wealth station. Meet and
provide for these wants "and all things else will
be added" do not mean by this that you should
provide by direct contribution far from it. The
intelligent workingmen Of the country desire no
such thing; they would scorn the Proposition
Beside, they know full well, and by experience,
that most Of what you have to contributors in
their labor and pockets. But what they do DESIRE
what they demand is, that you cease your class
and Job legislation; that you pass laws TO operate
equally upon all, and execute them with Impair
TALLY; that they may not be starved, but may
have fair chance in the race of enterprise. But
above all, and as means to this end, they de-
mand that you shall no longer usurp the useful
domain OF the SOIL and exclude them from right
FIJI occupancy Of earth, leaving them but charity
or sufferance tenants to those upon whom you
Ill l.r.N NIak
surrender il TO their free occupancy, as a means
70 them OF life and OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES at
least, the indispensables of food, raiment, and
shelter through the exercise OF their own enegies
and industry. They demand your negative action
only-tbat you shall not qDsTmaticeiy or positively
Cypress them. To this they are enttled-thls
they xtH have. In their name / now tell you
that you must and shall reform the Government
10 this extent; the reasons shall appear more
manifest before l close. Grant this reform, and
they will never ask you for contributions.
But you may say the scheme as pToposed-em-
bracing Free Land, Homestead Exemption, and
Land Limitations impracticabe. Sir, this is
but the tyrants answer to the call for reform In
every age lmpracticablel Why, sir, 1t is not
newt was practiced centuries ago. les reverse
Land Monopoly, was only introduced with kings
and monarchs aud its abandonment was the
main cause of the fall of more than one ancient
republic. The wonder of the wisest men has been
that il should not have been practiced through all
ages since will pres ent the views OF one OF
those, thar whose the mind OF no man ever ranged
more widely through Nature-l mean tue great
and good st Pierre. l read from his Studies OF
Nature No. Z. In speaking Of the evils and
wretchedness occasi0ned by large landed accumu-
lations in France, he says;
81 have been astonished that ere law 10 France to
prevent the unbounded accumulation Of landed property
The Romans had eensors who limited the extent OF ma
possessions to seven acres being sufficient Tor Inc SUP
was extended 10 five hundreds but this law soon
infipged and the attraction hurried o''odTd the run 81 ne
Republic"
He might have said the same of Athens and
Sparta.
"Conquerors have always with feeble resistance in
countries where properly uuequay divided Ovegrown
have speryhiaS and hose who have nOts0 The shocks
Of sor say; XeHoPSSn nsg1e those who ro ;s them
prize exhibited in The middle of the stage 10 crown
the eonqueror."
Such is the danger to which excessive accumulation Of
property exposes State ouwardy; but the internal mis-
chef produces among the citizens aud the state Of lands
IL not less 10 be depOTed IL IL not upon the face OF vast
dominons but In the bosom OF Industry, that the Father Of
mankind pOurs out the precious fruits OF the earth
dom. Ia many places there is no employment fSr
the pessany during part Of the years but shalt In
Tie viches Of tie district they iuhIbN"
"The district is the fertile country In the
the high. Of perfection; but : You 6od ns5osassS
afaHenes the hand and ertrene fadigcnee the
other"
shall not now 60 further into the general prin.
cples of this measure, but shall content myself
with discussing, more in detail than formerly, its
practical bearings and the necessity of its adOp-
ton for the safety Of the country aud the people.
IL will be found Tar more practicable to adopt and
enforce 1t than to perpetuate the Republic cent
ury longer without il.
It's practical bearings are most important in
their effects upon the old States which contain no
public land, and should be considered first in
view OF the objection that ne measure proposes 10
take chat belongs 10 the rkOle and gee q 10 part
This objection involves a consideration OF two
questions first, that of constitutional power
second, that of justrce and expediency
The first question is easily disposed of-lor, by
the Constitution ITSELF Congress has the express
power Ito dispose of aud make all needful rules
and regulations respecting the territory and other