North Carolina standard., 1851-01-15

10 introduce the authority native son OF the State,
whose memory is still endeared 10 many among u.s. |
mean Nathaniel Macoh-cLarun, ef rensrabife nomt-a
me thatwii be bonored and respected in North Car
ona long as heI people can esteem great purity OF
character and sngleness OF purpose sHnbendng heg-
rity and Roman rrnness-a mind that could not be se-
ed from the path of duty by the Establishments OF
Washington -erved from its republican simplicity oy
the trapoihys o Office. know Sir that among The par
astes oI power and official station, il is fashionable TO
at Mr. Macon's opinions, and Confess IN my
Younger DAYS, when somewhat all ed with the idea OF
splendid government, undeIvalued the soldify OF HIS
Judgment Ripper experience has convinced me OF my
error, and now believe, had Mr. Macons warning
voice been regarded that although " ashngton City
might not have wed with the Capitals OF Europe III sPeh
dorfand extravaganza, it would have con,alneo more
honestand patriotic hearts, and the voire OF
and d,union would not have been heard I'D lhe ana.
This letter written by Mr.. Macon IN reply 20 oe
from the Hon. S. p Carson. and contains me Ioo"ns
passages: 8. The opinions of Gen. Washington, ar.
Jefferson, and Gov Clinton, known on NOT resPect
ed. have believed that State could nuliy anu
remain in the Union !; but have always believed that
State might secede when she pleased provided she
wonld pay her proportion of the public debt ana MtS
hare considered the best guard to P"ohc hoerty
and to p6lic justice that could be desired ana X ouSht
to have prevented what tet in the Sontn-oPPtts
sion The contains principles as contrary
TO what the Constitution, nuf :aon. Il Is 'ne
great error OF the administration Here Sr' we nave
the clear and explicit testimony to the existence OF
right of secession by this honest that nobody can
either of ignorance OF the theory OF our
ment. a want of patriotism. Mr.. Macon at thedae
of this letter, probably better acquainted Win the
opinions of the great men who framed our govern
ment, than any man living He had been. intimate with
many of them and associated with most all OF them, IN
the councils of the country.
MIR. Chairman should the Senate reject the kesoiu-
tions minority of the Committee they Will pro-
claim 10 the world their belief that our Constitution is
that tho people who framed reserved TO themselves no
rights in their organized political capacities as separate
States that Government is pure and unnixed
powers in all respects-one OF consolidation Asainst
the tyranny oppression OF such government, the
people look to for protection, but unor-
ganzed undscplined rebellion insurrection against
har of hn10 sic
differ from that OF Russia. except That we are
permitted send delegates Congress, the ma
jory of which is VIGOROUSLY hostile to our interests
The sers of Russia rebel against the oppression o
their lord and MASTER and frequently exercise mat nal
ura right which only TO strengthen the yoke and
increase the burden that is laid upon them Our anceS
tors designed and framed such government as THIS
They knew full we'll from all the lights aud experience
of the world which spread before them. that un-
checked power. entrusted o man or set OF men,
always abused they that history upon every
page black ened by the cneroachcntS aud atroces
oPOwer proving, late eminent British historian
it any proof were waiting that power snoolo al
ways be watched and checked, and divided by every
possible contrvance" Our ancestors doubtless thought
they had wisely provided against anticipated ABUSES
when they entrusted TO the General Government powers
few and Defined and To the State governments powers
numerous Iesegving TO themselves in their or
ganZation separate communities, the light to resume
or Withdraw them whenever they were abused, or their
safety demanded it.
There is fact clearly proved by the history oil
the formation of the Constitution OF the United States
than that its trainers designed Imagined they
were organizing consolidated government. Such
charge, although frequently brought against he lnstr-
men. as being its ultimate tendency. was constantly
denied, and warmly repudiated. That monarchy was
the natural and inevitable result of consolidated gov
ernment admitted bv all, and universally depreca-
ted. will not detain the Senate by quoting the pro-
ceedings OF the several Conventions, to illustrate so
plain truth; will satisfy mvself with passage from
Mr. Madson's Report the Virginia Legislature in '9s:
That the obvious tendency and inevitable result oil the
consolidation OF the States into sovereignty. would
be to transform the republican system of the United
States into monarchy. Is point which seems To have
been sufficiently decided by the general sentiment o
America. In almost every instance of discussion,
ating TO the consolidation question, its certain ten
dency pave the way monarchy not to have
heen contested The prospect OF such consolidation
has formed the only topic Of controversy.
would now ask the Senate, in the language of truth
and soberness, five not inviting this admitted ten
dency o; sySem by denying 10 the people of State
the right to withdraw from the Union when their safety
requires it What other check there be To mis-
when all entreay and remonstrance have
tailed ''..s.
Mr. Livingston says in the speech quoted by the gen.
tleman from Guiltord " thai the theory of the Federal
being the ult of the general will of the
and founded in degree compact between the States
would tend 10 the most disastrous results thai il would
place three tbs of the States the mercy of
fourth, lead inevitably tn consolidated government.
I'D finally monarchy, il the doctrine generally
admitted. and if partially so and opposed, to civil dis
sensions." |.
Mr.. Chairman in reasoning upon these general
principles which unalteTahy true. that Mr. Macon
doubtless arrived at the conclusion expressed in his let
ter, viz: " That the right OF secession the best
guard to public liberty In our complicated system of
government, which Intended by its trainers be
and la ances, The only certain and efficient
restraint upon the Federal government. always be
the reserved powers of the people of the States;
nnOrganized masses, but ih:uugh their State Govern
menis We have given TO the Fed raj Government un
limited power the purse and the sword of the Ma
ion let step more be taken-lc the people of the
States deny to themselves other over this
than nsurrection or rrbellion
which never resored Ia by the people until their
personal suerings become inolerahle. and will then
have established government which in few wears will
have been equalle by other since the davs
IF Imperial Rome, for its the wants and
'ufferings Of the remote provinces. . .f {
The gentleman from Guilford alluded nv a:gnn,e emf
1rawn from .he rapidly Increasing population of the
blacks; and although he admits the truth of the arym.nt
consoles himself with the reflection that the danger
herefrnm is very remote. and asks in what manner
would the Southern States be able prevent fhis result
Iy dissolution. have no fears whatever, Mr. Chair.
of dissolution of this Confederacy ever arising
rom an emphatic assertion by the Southern people of
heir right and their determination to withdraw unon
my improper interference with slavery by Congress-
believe that should the North find Were uned and
earnest, she would most willingly consent TO treat MS
equal members of the Confederacy and accede o onr
lights as SUCH On the contrary. should she unfortu-
lately tor her own interest, cOnnHe be governed by
blind fanaticsn and drive 10 the last extremty we
ould retire from the Union, and united with the other
Southern States open for supeabundant slave pop-
llaton asylum and occupation in the uncutiyated
egions Of the South. "
Mexico and Central America contain m ons or acres
If fertile land, admirably adapted the black race
Witch Will probably forever remain wilderness with
ut such labor Can the genflc doubt The capacity ~
# the South to take possession this comparaveiy un-
occupied territory would ask him who it was that
conquered Texas and what troops those thar over
m Mexico Mr. Chairman, Providence points in bpH !.