The New York herald., 1851-11-18
The remaining population ofNova Scotia is com

Ihe remaining population OF Nova Scotla Is COM
| posed Of the descendants Of American refugees
some Of whom are most incorrigible tories-a con-
siderable sprinklpg of English and Irish, and in
the county Of Pictou, almost exclusively of immi-
grants from Scotland, numbering probably thirty
thousand fouls
! Those refugees who settled about Horton and
| CORVALLIS, near the Bay of Fundy-the garden of
| the proyince-went from Massachusetts,, and car
ried with them that intelligence and education for
| which the people of that State have been proven
bial from the period of the landing of the Pilgrim
fathers; ard while the tory party chiefly belong to
the Church Of England, these, for the most part,
are Baptists; which denomination is consequently
very numerous in the part Of the province.
Ihe immigrants from Scotland are also about
equally divided between the national and secession
churches; and, as is usually the case with their
eouDtTymen, appreciate education; among whom
originated. IN Nova Scotia, the frst movement in
favor Of popular rights ard self government, upon
which the constitution Of that province and Cana
da has been subsequently, based
New Brunswick was settled, after IL ceased being
part OF Nova Scotia, by refugees from the United
States. at the conclusion or the revolutionary war
and while in the latter province they carried with
! them the Massachusetts laws, they adopted the
English code, which prevailed In New York; the
effect OF which is still appeTent-the former being
superior in intelligence and education to the other,
possessing more intimate acquaintance with their
rights British subjects, anu consequently an abb
lity to maintain them. The result Is, that while in
Canada and N ove Scotia responsible government
| is in full blast, New Brunswlck may be considered
as in transition sate--tho Governor for the time
beirg making appointments without consulting has
responsible advisers and even in opposition to their
wishes and views.
In Lower Canada, as has been before remarked,
where the popslation numbers probably seven hun
! dred thousand, at least two thirds ere FreEcl
Canadians; while in tho upper province it is com
posed Of English, ScO:ch and Irish inhaeitants-
many of them OF c highly respectable class, an
! some Of the Gesoen9ants Of the original Frerc
Cana6lans who lifted themselves in the neigh
boIhood CT the river Detroit.
That country so extensive, in which the Anglo
Saxon iace and energy predominate and possessing
free Institutions, should remain in perpetuity de-
pendency in the strictest sense Of The word, Is no.
at all probable; and hence the inquiry IA urally
arises as to lis future position anl relations with
reference to Great Britain md the United States
That these colonies v II be psaceably annexed TO
the latter setms scarcely within the 70 Of posl
biity, wien the tenacity W n which England claRs
10 her possessions 10 every quarter OF the globe, AID
the coIficting opinions If their inhabitants, are
considered. The alternative that presents itself 4
ration al existence, guaranteed and protected By
the British govern Ne1 ia sort of modified alton
atty, like that Of Ireland when she possessed h
! own local parliament.
If we examine the state OF public feeling in
Canada, shall fnu tnat IL is little IN accordance
/ with colonial dependence, and tnat peryading
idea Of nationality is everywhere apparent. la
Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, for instance, the
buildings in which the Legislature meets are called
"provincal y the laws that are passed are styled
acts OF the Legislative Assembly; and these bodies
when they assemble do SO during the day. as il the
case in the United States; willie in Canada, the
fOEer are cell ed " "parlament buildings, the acts
of the Legislature, acts Of Parlialnent, ana they
meet at night, in imitation of the House of Com
mems of Epglald--thus 6evo,ing these hours 10 tho
toilscmo discharge of public business
! Which Nature h as Gessned
For recreation aud repose
To renoyate the carsworn mind,
Or yitit oblivion to is wees.
/ Recently, when the sGgDioral tenure bill was un
der discussion in the house of Asse mbly, Mr. Lafon-
taine remarked. that if the seigriors not Sc
cured by equitable communication, they must be
remunerated by the State-meaniDg thereby toe
province; and On another occ sion one of tle lead
| trs Of the conservative party, when speaking Of
/ Cara da, In DEBATE, iIadyertantly used the term
coloDy-but quickly corrected himself, and substi-
| tuted that OF province Wken tao executive coun-
Gil is SPOKEN of, it is called the cabinet; the heads
Of the departments, having seat; in that body, an
( called minister's ard n late correspondence, Mr.
1 Hincks calls the house Of Assembly, the Commons
| House of Parliament. These may be tribes, but
/ straws Indicate which way the slnd blows.
| In ADDITION to this giRndilcquence, there is an
evident Jealousy on the part OF the members Of the
| Assembly, OF any rdue interierence being exer'
cisedby the British goverLm with the bills they
may pass, during the last session, IL dispatch from
the Secretary t state came under the notice OF the
House. in which he communicated tie rel usa OF the
oyal assent 10 bill that had been passed, authori
ziDg the Issue Of a DC cmal currency. The subject
was one with which the Inspector General vas fa-
/ niliar, who replied TO the document with much
spirit ard ability; and although there is u strong
opposition against that gentle nan in the conserva.
tive ranks, yet bis csnduct was highly approved OF
ty both sides Of he House; and 1t was again passed
| ard ent to England
| As has already been observed, ths Governor Cen
eIal is the only ticer appointed from England; aud
alikCuth his salary was sOlemnly determined upon,
| when the caSua and territorial revenue was eur.
| ieLd,rtd TO the Province by the crown; yet its
| smt unit is subject Of constant complaint so much
so that Earl Grey in late osp ltch, stated that 1t
| is the intention OF the Queens government to pro.
vide for its payment in future from the imperial
| revenue.
But he intinstsd at the same time that il is in
contemplation withdraw the troops from the col.
onies leaving garrions however 10 certain fortified
places; their presence not being reTniIed 10 the
present state OF relations with the the United States,
to guard against hostile aggression; aud that 1t
they should be wanted to preserve 'n'ernai tran'
quillity, the proyiroe must Pny for their mainte-
| nance. since which large body Of military PEN
sionefs, who have been embodied, we're sent from
Epglard who are 70 be employ cd az police force,
when receisary, ard who are to be paid when so
employet
The principle of free trade. by which the British
government is at present actuatcd, and the conse-
quept reduction Of the protective duty on colonial
timber arriving in England, has created another
\ greprd Of discortent among the conservatives. IN
the ranks OF which are to be found the mercantile
class Of the Community. ltva in this quarter that
the cry Of anreA originated; the oaspring with
ere party ot the loss OF oiice-aLd with the other
Of the ltss Of elf without the slightest tinge Of pa
triotism to recOmmttoit.
ltistyidcnt therefore, to those who are acquaint-
cd with CANADIAN Affairs and population, tha. inte-
fttt IL lbe sutn2tkl Tie NLlcn bhus the cVObits W
the parent state. The British government, on the
Other hand. are fully ware Of this; and hence We
find, recently, al altered policy in the encourage
mont given 10 the Que bee and HALIFAX lne VI rail-
road tor the npetion o. which IL IS proposed to
guarantee a loan OF 20 advance the capital, at
low rate Of interest, to the cAtsnto thirty i've mil
lioIs Of dollars
Whether the ulierior object is, as come suppose,
the extension of the lire 10 the Pacific. fof which
tl inferno diate country ii said TO be favorable,
,hsll rot step to dis.uss but the immsdiate effect
would he 10 introduce capital ard emgrants
into the coloni,s-to gle tatIn com nunity ot in
lorettS- ard 70 render their Inhabitants better ac
quartcd with each other; In fac', TO pave the way
ilr uujtir them IN one fcvorul oonfcderaey, which
might have a Representation in tte British Parlia
mtit ss Is the case VITA Scotland srd ireland
AS WAS very properly cbscrved in leader III the
EtRAiD, feW noiA.ngs since. people must BE-