davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Kalida venture. [volume] (Kalida, Ohio) 1841-1865, 1851-01-10

a. A married gentleman up at Cleve-
land, seeing upon his wife's shoulder a
large shawl pin, face,iously remarked
sin the military, eh, got to be a captaine"
She instantly replied, pointing to her third
baby lying on her lap, "no, recruiting
Sergeant IN the Third Infantry"
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27
The Discoveries of the last Century.

There has been no period since the commence
ment of the world, in which so many important
discoveries tending to the benefit ofmankind, were
made as in the last half century. Some of the
most wonderful results of human intellect have
been witnessed in the last fifty years. Some of
the grandest conceptions of genious have been per-
fected. 1t is remarkable how the mind of the
world has run into scientific investigation, and
what achievements it has affected in that short pc
riod. Before the year 1900, there was not sim
gle steamboat in existence, and the application of
steam to machinery was unknown. Fulton launch
ed the first steamboat in 1907. Now there are
three thousand steamboats, traversing the waters of
America, and the time saved in travel is equal to
seventy per cent The rivers of every country in
the world, nearly are traversed by steamboats,
In 1900, there was not single railroad in the
world In the United States alone there are now
S,797 miles of railroad, costing $2S6,000000 to
build about $4,000 miles of railroad in England
and America. The locomotive will now travel in
as many hours, distance which, in 1900, required
as many days to effect In 1900, it took two weeks
to convey intelligence between Philadelphia and
New Orleans; now it can be accomplished, in min
utes through the electric telegraph, which only
had its beginning in 1S43. Voltaism was discov-
cred in March, 1900 The electro magnet in 1921.
Electrotyping discovered only few years
ago. Hoes printing press, capable of Printing
10000 copies an hour, is very recent discovery,
but of most important character Gas light
unknown in 1900; now every city and town fany
pretesces are lighted with it, and we have the
nouncement of still greater discovery by which
light, heat, and motive power may be all produced
from water with scarcely any cost. Daguerre
communicated to the world his beautiful invention
in 1889. Gun cotton and chloroform are discov-
cries but of few years old. Astronomy has added
a number of new planets to the solar system. Ag-
ricultural chemistry has enlarged the domain of
knowledge in that important branch of scientific
research, and mechanics have increased the facili
ties for production, and the means of accomplish
ing an amount of labor which far transcends the
ability of united manuel effort to accomplish. The
triumphs achieved in this last branch of discovery
and invention enough to work the last half cen
tury as that which has most contributed to aug
ment personel comforts, enlarge the enjoyments,
and add to the blessings ofman. We may look for
still greater discoveries for the intellect of is
awake, exploring every mine of knowledge, and
searching for useful information in every depart
rnent of art and industry.
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27
Rreakimg a Bat Habit.

Old Parson B who presided over a little
flock in one Of the back towns Of the State Of NJ
-, was, without any exception, the most &C.
centric divine We ever knew. His eccentricities
were carried as far in the pulpit out oft An
instance we will relate.
Among his church members was one who inva-
riably made practice of leaving the church ere
the parson was two thirds through his sermon
This was practiced so long, that after while it
became matter of course, and no one, save the
divine, seemed to take notice of it. And he at
length notified Brother p. that such a thing must,
he felt assured, be needless, but P. said that at
that hour his family needed his services at home,
and he must do it, nevertheless leaving church
he always took roundabout course, which by
some mysterious means, always brought him in
close proximity with the village tavern which he
would enter, and thereby hangs a tale at
Parson B. ascertained from some source that P's
object in leaving church was to obtain dram,
and he determined to stop his leaving and disturb
ing the congregation in future if such thing was
possible.
The next Sabbath Brother P. left his seat at the
usual time and started for the door, when Parson
B. exclaimed,
Brother Pr
P. on being thus addressed, stopped short and
gazed towards the pulpit.
Brother p continued the parson there is no
ueed of your leaving church at this time. As
passed the tavern this morning, | made arrange
ments with the landlord to keep your toddy hot till
church was out
The surprise and modification of the Brother
can hardly be imagined. lie shrank back to tlls
seat and for the rest of the day was the observed
of all Observers He didt visit the tavern af-
ter church, neither did he again leave church ere
the services were concluded. 3
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27
Turkish Customs.

The ways used by the Turks in saddling, brid-
ling and shoeng their horses, as well as in arrang-
ing the loads the backs their beasts are quite
udicrous, from their oddty and inconvenience
Their cloaks and habiiments are of their coarsest
woollen, made in the toughest way. Notwithstand-
ing their frequent bathing, they have no distinct
Idea OF cleanliness, as their habits and manners are
quite In opposition with it. They eat with their
fingers, drink out of common cup, blow their no.
ses with their fingers never undress at night, sell
dom change their linen and garments, never sweep
their rooms, nor wash their plates, dishes culi-
nary utensils and deem it not in the least shame
fu or disgusting to be devoured by the most horr-
BILE vermin, such as bugs, feas, lice, &c. The
white necks and arms of the Turkish ladies are
constantly bestrewed with black and red spots,
which are the consequence of such unbecoming
company; and to mention trifing circumstance
will add, that the custom of ironing washed linen
is quite unknown in the East had some ironing
utensils in my house, which were looked at by the
natives either instruments of torture or as CHR
urgical implements. 1t is true, it would require
many pounds weight of iron and Hercuean wrist
W out, ana even, Lile coarse,
linen which they wear. The furniture of Turk
ish house consists Of divan, or ottoman, around
the room and adjacent to the walls, and some bits
of carpet irregularly strewn upon the wooden floor
These ottomans serve for beds, for seats, and for
tables, as they often encountered with the scan-
ty utensils of Turkish housewifery. Turkish car
riages are the same as some centuries ago, nor is
it possible for any European to sit in one of them
for any length of time without getting bruised or
even having bones broken. Such absolute want of
luxury renders the acquisition of fortunes of little
moment. The habitual carelessness of the Turk
has often been accounted for by his belief in fatal
ism. But do not think any philosophical doctrine
will make man Indifferent to the loss or the ac-
QUESTION riches, if his own temper does not in
fuence him in that direction. The truth is, a
Turk is as careless about making his fortune, as
liable to lose it when made, and the fact of man
leaving his entire property to his children, as little
short of inconceivable among them.
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27
Natural Barometer.

The spider, says an eminent naturalist is al
most universally regarded with disgust and abhor-
renee; yet, after ALL it is one of the interest
inc, if not the most useful of the insect tribe
Since the days of Robert Bruce, it has been cele-
brated as a model of perseverance, while in indus
try and ingenuity, it has no rival among insects.
But the most extraordinary fact in the natural his
tory of this insect is the remarkable presentment
it appears to have of an approaching change in the
weather Barometers, at best, only foretell the
state of the weather for about twenty-four hours,
and they are frequently very falible guides, par
tcularly when they point to settled fair. But we
may be sure that the weather will be fine twelve
or fourteen days when the spider makes the prin-
cipal threads of its web very long. This insect
which Is one of the most economical animals, does
not commence work. requiring such a great
length of threads which it draws out of It's body,
unless the state of the atmosphere indicates with
certainty that this great expenditure will not be
made in vain. Let the weather be ever so bad, we
may conclude with certainty that it will soon
change to settled fair when we see the spider re-
pair the damages which his web has received 1t
is obvious how important this infaable indication
of the state of the weather must be in many in
stances, particularly to the agricuturalist News-
paper Paragraph. bss r7es
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27
The Fires of the Earth.

In lecture delivered in New York the other
evening, Prof Stilman treated of the structure of
the globe and the internal fires of the earth. He
said that for space extending over one third of
the earth volcanic chain could be traced from
Mount Hecla in Iceland, over Scandinavia, though
Great Britain, on the courses of the Rhine and
Rhome, through the Mediterranean Islands, the
southern part of Asia, along the islands of Sumat-
ra and Java and up to the Northwestern part OF
the continet of America, and thence to the volca-
mic Islands of Lower California and Mexico, and
along the coast of South America to the Antarctic
zone, as last discovered by Captain Wilkes
[Capt. W., it was said, had just received an ele-
giant Gold Medal from the British Government, as
an Acknowledgement that he was the true discov-
erer of a disputed continent, from which he saw
the volcanic fires bursting from land of ice and
snow, and pouring its lava down the eternal bar
ries of the frozen mountains.
The hot Springs and Artesian wells were also
offered proofs of the truth of the theory advanc-
ed. 1t was argued too, that the countries of Swe-
den and Norway were gradually rising, in conse-
quence of this internal commotion, and not that
the waters of the Baltic had fallen, as some had
argued. Examples were cited, in the Southern
part of Italy where the land had once fallen and
risen again in consequence of the volcanic action
of the earth.
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27
GrOanims and CRYING.

A French surgeon has just published treatise
on the good effects on the nervous system of
groaning and crying, when person is In pain
According to his observation, those patients who
give way to their natural feelings recover more
speedily from hurts and operations, than others
who think it manly to restrain any utterance of
anguish. He cites an instance of whose
pulse being at one hundred and twenty-six, redu-
ced it to sixty in the space of two hours by crying
and bawling Hypochondrical Subjects he says,
cannot do better than groan all night and cry all
day-a very comfortable doctrine for them, but
not for their friends and neighbors. The theory,
however, is more ancient than the French surgeon;
and it has been pretty general belief in all ages,
that people would not groan and cry unless nature
had ordained them to do so, and they found some
use or satisfaction in it.
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27
Manufacturing Bank Notes.

A block of thick plate steel is softened on the
upper side, the device is engraved this softened
surface, the block is hardened by careful process
after the engraving, the device is transferred from
the hardened block to the convex surface of small
soft steel roller, by intense pressure the roller is
hardened and the device is transferred from it to
any number of sofened steel plates these plates
are hardened after the transfer, and are then in
state to be printed from. BY this beautiful train
of operations, one originally engraved block is made
to suffice for an almost endless number of engra-
wings. The mode in which the writing, the en-
blems, and the ornaments are combined in bank
note, is so planned as to render forgery difficult.
The numbering is remarkable process, as now
performed. Four wheels, each divided by ten
notches, leaving a facet between each pair, en-
graved with consecutive numbers from l to 0, are
placed on the shaft; portion of their breadth being
turned down about one half of their depth, having
a boss or collar between every two. Upon these
bosses, and filling up the spacs, rest latches; and
over each wheel Is pail, the width of the first
being equal to that of the unit Wheel and the breath
of the others equallng that of the wheel and latch
Inc pals are driven Dy ny ettCH IGNOlu-
ton of which the first wheel is moved through
space equal to one-tenth ofs entire circumference.
When the figure is reached, the latch of the Sc
cond wheel is depressed, and the wheel moves for
ward one division, making the tens. The same
process is repeated with regard to the other wheels,
and thus any amount Of numbers may be registered,
by simply increasing the number of wheels III pro-
portion Machines of this kind are extensively
adopted in the Bank of England; with, of course,
mixing apparatus to apply to the types A patent
was taken out in 1914 for mode ofprinting bank
notes intended to obviate the liability to forgery.
The surface is covered with two designs, one
geometicay regular, and the other very irregular;
the two designs are engraved on different plates,
and are printed with different inks, the one with
visible and the other invisible ink. Both the inks
are delible or removable by chemical means; and
the usual engraving of bank-note is printed on
paper so prepared. The rationale of the sugge-
ton is ths-that whatever means torger might
take to alter, by chemical agency the letters or
figures, or to transfer them by lthographlc or an
astc processes the state of the paper would betray
him for he would remove some part of the de-
SIGN in the one case. and fail to transfer it in the
other.
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27
Walking Fish.
of the earth

! In very dry seasons, the fish inhabiting small
ponds or pools of water, reduced to the great
est extremity for the want of their natural element
In some cases, they managed to preserve life by
plunging themselves to considerable depth in the
mud at the bottom of their ponds and there re-
naming until copious shower of rain relieves
their wants. This expedient, though not always
successful, nevertheless suffices to keep certain
races from becoming extinct. Other species, have
been furnished by their Creator with the instinct
and the power, when so circumstanced, Of desert
ing their native ponds and of travelling over the
land in search of new homes. This has long been
known of eels but DR.. Hancock gives an account
ofa species ofsh called by the Indians the Fathead
Hassar, which, when the pools wherein they usu-
ally reside are deprived of water march IN droyes
by night in quest of other ponds, from which that
necessary element has not been evaporated. These
fish grow to about foot in length. A strong, bo-
ny edged upon the lower extremity like saw,
projects from the breast of the fish the pecto-
raj fin, of which it forms the first ray. This arm
the animals kind of foot, pushing them
selves forward by means of their tail, which is very
elastic. In this way they will travel over the land
as fast as man can lesurely walk. Their bo-
dies sheated in very strong plates, which, it is
conectured, aid them in their progress like those
under the bodies of serpents, which partially per-
form the office of feet. The Indians affirm that
they furnished with an interior supply of water
sufficient for their journey-an assertion which
to be confirmed by the fact that their bodies,
when taken from the water, even if wiped dry with
cloth, instantly become moist again. Mr.. Camp
bell, a friend of DIR. Hancock, and resident of
Essequibo, once met with flock of these animals
so numerous, that his Indian attendants were en-
abled to fill several baskets with them.
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27
The FerOcity of AIIigators.

OF the ravenous and ferocous dispositions there
is little doubt, and stories illustrative of it are not
uncommon. Bontius relates, that man who had
conducted horse to drink was fercely attacted by
an enormous one, and if the latter had not sudden
lysprung away, both man and horse, would have
been in danger of their lives. Acosta records the
bravery of an Indian father, whose little son had
been seized by an alligator that plunged with his
prey into the depths of the river. The father, a
strong and skilful swimmer armed with short
sword, leaped in after the reptile dived under it,
and by succession of vigorous stabs in the belly,
compelled the monster to make for the bank, where
it deposited the child half dead. Mr.. Waterton is
not the only rider who has bestriden one of these
river Bucephali He mounted an alligator. Adam
son witnessed and shared in an engagement with
true crocodile. The negroes, it appears, in the
neighborhood of the river Senegal boldly attack
these monsters and on one occasion, negro dis
coved crockodile seven feet long, asleep, among
some bushes at the foot of tree the banks of
the river The negro stealthily crept up, and in
fcted deep wound on the side of the reptiles
deck. The crocodile with one sweep of his tail
knocked the negro off his legs; but he instant
ly, and slipped rope over the crocodile's muzze,
while one of his companions secured the formda-
BILE TAIL Then Adanson leaped on the crocodile's
back, and kept it down while the negro drew out
the knife which he had left sticking in the wound
and cut off his antagonists head. Another author
mentions one of the garrison of Fort st. Louis who
used frequently to amuse himself with these dnes,
and always with success; ill at last he so ter
ribly wounded in one of those combats, that he
must have been killed outright, if some of his COM
rades had not come to the rescue.-Frdser.
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27
What we Eat.

Mr. Soyer, the celebrated cook. has made out
the following list, as the average consumption ola
" gentleman who dimes well,' for twenty years
1t is almost enough to make man think seriously
of living on the Graham principle:
"By closely calculating, he would be surround
ed and gazed at by the following number of quad
rupeds, birds, fishes, etc;-By no less than 30 OK
en-, 200 sheep, 100 calves, 200 lambs, 80 pigs in
poultry, 1900 fowls, 300 turkeys, $50 geese, 400
duclings, 263 pigeons; 1400 partridges pheasants,
and grouse 600 woodcocks and snipes: 600 wild
ducks, wdgeon and tea $50 plovers ruffes, reeves;
500 quais, ortolans, and dotteres, and few gull
lemos and other foreign birds also, 800 hares and
rabbits, 40 deer, l2O Guinea fowl, 10 peacocks,
and 800 wild fowl. In the way of fish, 100 tur-
bot, 140 salmon, 120 cod 260 trout, 400 mackeral.
300 Writings, 800 sole and slips, 400 founders,
400 red mullets, 200 eels, $50 haddock, 400 her.
rings, 5000 smelts, and some hundred thousands
OF those delicious silvery whitebait besides a few
hundred species offresh-water fishes In shell-fsh
20 turtle, 10000 oysters, 1900 Holsters or crabs,
100000 prawns, shrimps, sardines, and ancho-
vies !!r'
Fruit, vegetables, spices, eggs and grain,
would bring up the rear in the following or
der;-1
In the way of fruit, about 500 lbs. of grapes,
800 lbs of pineapple, 600 peaches 400 appricots
24O melons, some hundred thousand plums, green
cages, apples, pears and some millions of cherries,
strawberries, raspberres currants mulberries, and
an abundance of other small fruit, viz, walnuts,
chestnuts, dry figs and plums. In vegetables of
all kinds, 5475 pounds weight, and about 24343
pounds of butter, 646 pounds of cheese, 81 900
eggs, 800 do. plovers OF bread, four and u half
tons, half ton of salt and pepper. near two and
half tons of sugar, etc.
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27

GA MACHINE recently invented, is said to be
in operation in Albany, which, it is thought, will
soon produce revolution in all stationary motive
power 1t consists of but three pieces, boiler,
wheel, and tank for water, and with pint of wa
ter, and with pint of steam does much work
as other engines do with barrel.
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27

New KIND OF LEATHER.-Dr. Bernland, of Lar
ria, In Germany, is said to have discovered me-
thod OF making leather out ofcertain refuse animal
substance manufactory has been established by
him near Viena remarkable featnre of the
process is that at stage, the substance is in
state Of duidity and may then be cast into boots,
shoes, &c. This is a singular discovery.
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27

0EF 1t should be generally known, that small
quantity of vinegar will generally destroy nmedl-
ately any insect that may find its way into the
stomach and little salad oil will kill any insect
that may enter the ear.
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27
pete my darling =

pete, my darling !
What marmr
'Where is your father =
Don't know, marm: 'Spcct he's gone up into the
huckelbarry pasture arter the sheep; coz seed the
Widder Higgins goin' that way with her basket 6f-
teen minutes ago.
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27
p,,,i.bed by Theodore schoch.

rrn,,s 7,po dollars per annum in advance-Two dollars
Ibhrter half yeay--and if not paid before the end
,h rcsr Two dollars and half Those who receive the
bv carrier drivers employed by the propre
,yII be charged 81 l-2 cents, per year, extra.
papers discontinued until ali arIearages paid except
q, the option of the Editor.
Advertisements not exceeding one square tsxteen lmes)
viii inserted three weeks for one dollar and twenty-five
cents subsequent insertion charge
three insertions A liberal discount made yearly
I5Al letters addressed the Editor must be postpaid
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27

In FAVOR WITH THE WoMEN.-A drunken man
falling asleep by the roadside, was discovered BY
a pig, who commenced roofing his face. Who's
kissing me now ; said he. See what it is to be
in favor with the women!
Jeffersonian Republican. [volume] (Stroudsburg, Pa.) 1840-1853, 1851-02-27

An Exchange paper says the girls in some parts
of this State are SO hard up for husbands that they
sometimes ia kc up with printers and lawyers.