davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-05-03
BAROMETRICAL OPERATIONS.
FROM THE PORTSMOUTH (x. ~ JouRsA

FROM THE PORTSMOUTH (S. H.) JOURNAL.
IMPORTANT SCIENTIFIC FAcrIt will be recollected that
in January and February of the present year the changes of
the barometer very frequent and the elevation here
greater than had been noticed for twelve years on the 10Th
of January barometer to 80 SO on the morning
Of the 18th Of February 81 nches and to the height
the 18th Of February The Boston Traveller Of February
l4h gave the following notice Of the remarkable state of the
barometer that week
"The barometer Thursday morning, February l3, a.
o'clock, attained the extraordinary altitude of 302 reduced
to the temperature Of SO, and the level of the sea-
This is the third extraordinary condensation Of the atmo-
sphere in this vicinity within the last three and half weeks
and such believe unprecedented here where the
barometer believed 10 high in any other part of
the earh The last time TO thirty inches
January l. 1889, viz to Sill, which is supposed to have
been the highest recorded at any place at the above leve
The mails of this week bring the following intelligence
from India, showing that at the time, within day Of
the greatest elevation Of the barometer here there the
lowest depression in India Here three days rising TO
the maximum, there it three days sinking to the
minimum.
BOMBAY TIMES OF MARcH g.
EARTHaUAKEs IN lSnIA.-Earthquakes appear to have
been felt pretty extensively the Punaub the north
west province the 7h and 2l Of January, and the
4h, 9th and l4h Of February injury Of any note has
been occasoned by them remarkable instance of atmo
sphec disturbance of simultaneous
region of space and which will in all likelihood have been
observed in Europe occurred the 18th of February On
this day the reached its minimum Bombay and
Calcutta 200 miles apart, after synchronous descent Of
three days it continued to fall al Mada till the 10th. At
the frsnamed place southery Winds with clouds and rain
prevailed the 18th, and the day there was rain
Nt Baroda, violent dust storm Kurrachee showers at
Aden and heavy rain at Lahore and throughout the Pupaub
On the 10Th there q thunderstorm, and on the 18th
northweste Calcutta. On the 9th, and again on the 4h
there furious Thunderstorm at Muttra the
felt Sheergots, the grand trunk road also Agra
me
BY earthquake Immense foods, both in the Sue and
Jumna accompanied the gale disturbance quite
violent generally felt experienced between the 4h
and 6th accompanied the former day, with an earth
quake at Wuzeersbad Lahore Ferozepoe and probably all
| over the Pupjaub.
This fact is important to SCIENCE and should be hebsss
| for future observations.
From the foregoing statement will appear, scientific
friend suggests that sympathetic undua,ions of the bsrome-
sometimes extend around the world in this case con-
change taking place the epoch in the opposite
hemispheres.
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-05-03

o'Oh payneut WOuu pace III money VI
TO- 600 francs Of this money bought equally in the market Of
Paris fifty kosmmee of silver Of 10 fne Seeing that the
value Of the money paper free from variations which the
OF the money of metal exposed the exchanges the
country, whose money of paper under equal conditions
would be favorable TO it.
Fourth objection. But how prevent abuse in the issue Of
money whose material costs almost nothing and whose ab
cation is Of no little expense
This objection is vital II abuse in the issue cannot be
prevented and every security this essential point given
public opinion the adoption Of the money Of paper would be
uopian.
Under rule Of uncontrolled power where the will of the
sovereign law, then money Of paper does offer perhaps
sufficient security to the nvioabily of the quantity put
into circulation although to tell the truth in absolute Gov.
ernments where enlightened and honest man is regnng
confidence be placed in his intelligence and his word
but under representative rule where the laws are discussed
and voted with soemny and publicity there il very easy
to place the money OF paper Of the reach of abuse First
the fact even OF It's adoption sufficient gusrany because
suPPoses sufficient intelligence in the country know that
the resources sre not multiplied by multiplying the monetary
uns and that in Of necessity the abuse Of issue would
aggravaie instead OF mitigating the evil whose removal
had 10 vew AL previous examples Of abuse which Govern
ent even the representative have made with paper
prove nothing against this consideration Paper money bal
an exPeent to which ecoue has been had in case
distress its creation has been itself an abuse on the
ary, the money Of paper essential wheel Of the
mechanism aud the people who employ II are igno,an
tha, would perform it, functions we'll the form
were altered or its power weakened
The author points many means in order to tn
mind concerning the abuse Of issues The principal first
70 attribute 70 The Legislature exclusively the right Of ga
hoDg the issues, and Of taking every other measure hsvn
relation to the monctay system Second to con6de the ere
cuon Of the monetary sws and ordinances TO mrsd com
mise, rePonab, composed Of msmbss Of the Lessssurs
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-05-03

amount Of payments which its numerous and important
pecunary transactions give rise, is indispensable have
recourse to the intervention Of paper of credit.
thus that by the doctrines developed in the work of
NJ Ch crises and financial REFORM we arrive at the real
Of the financial difficulty whh acts Great Britain
aod boldly predict that this Of suffering, should
cease will necessarily be reproduced epochs and
tegeher If England does not employ the only
means for causing to forever that Of the adoption OF
money Of paper.
All that preceds applicable the United States. There
the Of financial perturbation powerful than in
England In the United States bank is invested with the
moderang power Of credit the Bank Of England There
the number Of establishments which issue payable at
sight out Of all proportion with the real quantity of capital
existing n the country and the torrent Of money in circula-
ion is ever on the point Of overrnnning its bounds.
In lS36 the Of alarm sounded but the good sense
of country having allowed the paper circulate even after
the declaration Of nonredempon, prevented the catastrophe
Meanwhile this state Of things cannot long continue ne
country is continually in danger Of seeing It's paper made
worthless money and Of being deprived 10 one day Of every
Of exchange Imagine eight hundred banks wnch all
issue bank notes decouut which all excite speculation by
facility Of discount, and whi oil provoke fictitious height
OF price. The fatal moment must inevitably come and the
crisis take Justice for al this phsntssmseoa Of imaginary
capital and ideal wealth II only question Of Time, out
the catastrophe is inevitable
|, need not be concluded from what precedes that the Uni
ted States are nation poor and without resources There
are few States which can rival in wealth and in iDdustra
and commercial power and in agricultural wealth.
il its monetary system which pushes beyond the bounds o
reality and will obse il sooner or later to re-enter them,
abandoning all the works executed on the domains Of illusion
We conclude with the author of Cries. that il time for
wealthy nations which put into action great industrial and
commercial power reform their monetary system, which
them the danger Of crises to the evils which
me certain hs .ns 70 aao
tons Of enterprises and in consequence against the caam-
ties which their result
- 81 /
THAT which preeede, wa, written in 1870, when the
the suspension Of the banks Of Philadelphia and Of other
States Of the Union arrived Since that tme in The greater
numeer OF States wise special laws the organization OF
isce reagbe barriers Of Issue of paper OF
credit and renoVe in consequence the dangers oreseen
assve. M. CaITTI.
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-05-03

be Dconestably superior to them. In fact the being
the sign and the money the thing, the being the promise
and the money the accomplishment every shall prefer,
circumstances being the samr the thing the sign repre-
sen'iDg 1.-THE accomplishment to the promise.
1t cannot be denied that this reasoning logical simple and
most conclusive bat has the author foreseen how epu
sve the system which he proposes To make money Of
paper Can 1t be thought Of after the dastes occasioned
BY paper money in every country where has been
bad To this fatal medium Of exchange
After reading the work OF M. Chii,i II will be seen that
his money Of paper another thing than the paper money!
the recollection Of which, and very justly alarms the mind
Money OF paper, such as he proposes is the instrument Of
exchange perfected is adoption is designed render
easy the accomplishment Of pecunay tranacions and
only be introduced into circulation in times Of peace and
prosperity Then will be accepted without difficulty be-
cause will be regsrded financial ameioation
ay social ADVANCEMENT and eYpedent to be had
recourse TO in times Of difficulty Paper money the cou>
usfy Isl monetary deception is promise refund mat
which 1t is sure canno, pay a new and sM scss
better INSTRUMENT Of exchanges Il Is only dsngeror suI-
airy, w th f,ses the Of values which seos,utes
fiction Tor reay and which is introduced into circulation
only by violence in times Of Distress and in m midst Of cir
ctosnces which SLOW choice the sess Of removal
would De grest error, therefore, 10 wrh argue from
Paper money In doer to bring obee,or sysinst money
Pper MoeoveS hasten that The auho,
a not shkec single objection all sefors which can be
wrought sgsil the adoption Of money Of aper and he ap
WSo have fought successfuy, q not TO leave !
oou A. to the possibility Of TealItng this new means
In proposing the refefnof the monetary sys
@ unor OF crises has, moreover, had in view On obec
- wan mat OF preventing thete great social caas.;
ne 'ays II down u principle th.t the imperec,cu
metallic money 10 srestr dsp,&. an oh~,.r. - M, =.
oc0Phsnment Pecunary u,nsscssons when thew acte
certain magnitude, that the indusry ana oo..u.,l, m
wealth. OF the most advanced nao would not be .pe 10 p.s
certain nm" u. 70 correct this isserecten, psper none
Weekly national intelligencer., 1851-05-03

Il remains to speak Of the possibility of realizing
this substitution. At first shall briefly the ideas
of the author monetary value, through which he draws the
conclusion that to paper can easily be given great value
and exempt from variations, and afterwards we shall point
the practical which he thinks should be made
OF in order 10 introduces without aring the money Of paper
into circulation.
ILL., The value the price Of every product the result
st Of its usefulness 3D. Of the extent Intensity and urgency
Of the wants is destined satisfy 3D. Of the extent OF the
which those who feel those have at their dis
posa TO satisfy Them Alb Of the quantity ofsred in which
is comprised not only the quantity offered in market bu; also
that which is presumed be 5h Of the urgency on the
part Of the posesso exchange for o,heproducs And
in other words the price of products determined by the
supply and the demand, this being summary way OF ex
pressing the FIVE circumstances have just stated None
ary value has other Money satisfies want one
of the extensive and imperous of society that OF
changes The thBg which t to satisfy this want neces.
saly has value provided its quantity be limited and more
its value will be exempt from variations the quantity
employed for monetary remain the Silver and
god undenaby excellent monetary material in respect to
value, seeing thai the existing quantity being liable to
great variations above all, if the OF these
etss spread the universe be dered their value
continues the same But gold and silver sufficiently
eood monetary material in regard volume weight, facility
Of transport of counas, and above all regard cost the
precious metals being The dearest material that be employ
ed in the fabrication OF money Paper in The form OF bank
notes. possesses incon,esby better than gold and silver the
qualities Of good money, except that Of siue which Is cer
any the fundamental qusIy which ell money should have
But in accordance with the principle Of surpy and demand
which have stated shove, is sufficient, in order to give
value % money Of paper limit its quantity. Here exist
the ~toe of converting into current money bits o.
paper without value for giving to them vaue, and gres
vsec aud render them suitable for serving inerecsa
'sssasnge.
Let Government which has charge o the general intere
of society, be sole and exclusive abrca:or Of money
It's power Of f.bcsting be ccumscbed by limits IL csnnc
sn,gres and thus the problem Of money Of papcr solved
Here presented various objections which the author hs
taken orcsee and to combat We shall point out th
| most important
When ths article written the mines Of Caorna hst
not Jet been discovered. Mote of CO.
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-07-20

pursuance Congress enued An act 70 authorize
ne Of 9 limited .d s od eT @
onn and Iowa gPpossd 70 e9nT lead pVara uaa
States Americas do hereby declare and make known s guns
sales viii be held al The ana once IN s -
Of Illinois and Wisconsin, at the periods hereinafter degnhed
a, e land Office a, MINERAL POINT WISCONSIN, common
cling Monday third day d November next for The disposal Of
tracts ont @ lead Ma, n ws S sy s Tl"
dent. proclamation Of the 2oth November 1876, VIZ
North Of 81 ihs fourth principal meridian
s1 onsr Of nineteen and s east half quarter
Of twenty one IN township one o. range en, and m.
quarter Of section two The southwest quarter
:" ne a' aa.. G1s ssoS and
hry two, in township one ,hs soa,hass, gaa h, ] !,
thirty sir In township and the half OF the southwest
ns eas, half and northwest quarter
section twenty The southeast quasr o. ue ~ b
Of the northwest, quarter and he northeast OF The
oa.s and the quarter quarter OF thirty
sH ownshp,wo The eat ha Of 1es northeast Quarter o. 's
five half Of the northeast quarter the east half and
,he ea,, hall Of and southeast
quarter the northwest quarter OF ihone IN township hve OF
The Of The souhsa. quarter the
and the southwest quarter Of The northeast quarter o.
."S s s9u % quarter and tie east
OF the southeast quarter Of wo and the
s . once pSos so on Mon
DAY ps ies rs. When in epn,easepee Of ,Ser
being lead mine leases. were withheld from
proclamation Of The 9Th Of september, isas, viz
North ofMe Of fourth principal meridian
the northwest OF thirty hve and
northwest Of thirty sir In township
nine, OF
The .ouhea. quarter quarter hneen
Of three
and half Of In town
ship twenty nine Of range two. -.
fhe quarter twenty
four, n township twenty nine Of range three.
The southwest quarter Of s southeast quarter and me
oft
half northwest Of thirty
township twenty nine, Of rnngc I.
North Tie base line nnd Of TIE fourth pneipai mrdor
part hsen and the south
OF die northeast Of twenty-five In township
twenty nine OF range one
The west fractional seventeen, township twenty
nine, Of range two
provisions OF Of ith July 1896
beenbrs referred emPon claims w not ~ aaowed 70
iona they have been offered
public and no
tsry service. ststcs permitted
iond provided by the entitled can
making appropriations fo he civil and diplomatic expenses Of
subdivisions will include the
than co dollars and 6y cent? and
sold spcb price, shah he entered
,brp
subject sale ne other lands
The for weeks unless the
ofsrsd will be admitted until ssp
On weeks.
further Of ssid sct
General Land oce publish proclamation
brief description Of the above and prepared the Official docu
Given under my hand al the city Of Washington twenty
WILLARD FILLMORE.
ny the President
J. BuTTrRrrLp,
Corumi..ioner of the General Land once.
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-07-20
commi.sioner of the General Land ooice.
NOTICE TO PRE-. nMrTIoN CLAIMANTS.


IN pursuance law T. WILLARD FILLMORE, President OF the
United states Of America do hereby declare and make known
State OF Michigan periods hereinafter Designated wit
Al The hand 9ss a sALr STE M ~ %
public lands within the following named townships and fractional
NORTH Of the sa., line and w.t Of principal meridian
fractional township forty two, OF range
Fractional township forty two, OF range eleven,
Townships orwo, forty FOUR and ofy hve
thirteen
Townships forty forty three forty four and forhve Of range
townships forty four forynvc, and Of
township. forty on. forty t~o for,.,hss forty fornve
forty Elk, and forty seven 81 range seventeen.
Az ,hs SANE PLACE COMMENCING Monday the n day Of
for n. sR0 Of % lands ws @ %
which situated in the and iron region Of Lake SUPERIOR
North Of ns base line Of principal msridion
fractional township eight and township forty, Of
Township forty OF range twenty nine.
Fraeional township seven "I.i. Royas" Of range
Frac,iona townships and Isle Royals,
Fractional township. and sssr Isle RoyaIs
FRACTIONAL townships sry,ce, .,four, and s'Iyhve on
fractional township. rIsihee, .rfour and .rynve, on
township any and sesoes townships and our,
on Isle Roysle y o. range thirty. and e,
on Isl. hoysls Of range thirty nine
. o@S s%s ,"s q a@s, s
Township forty nine, Of range forty
Mthe land ONCE IONA, commencing Monday the eRh
mn day OF August disposal Of ths public lands sua
ted within the aforementioned townships, viz
North Of the base line and Of the principal meridian
Townships thirty and thirty.tw Of range three
Township. thirty one and ,hirty,wo, OF -four.
Townships ihirtyone and thirty two, Of Ave.,
Al the land once GENEssEE commencing on Monday
within the aforementioned townships, b wit,
North Of I've base line and wet Of tia prinpoi reridar
Township. thir'yone, ty,wo ,hyshree, y four Of
range one
North ofhs base line and east Of the principal sridan
rownhips and
Townships and thirty two, Of range two.
Township~ and thirty Of three.
Al SAME PLACE. commencing Monday, the
September ner for tho disposal Of The following de
situated In The former chippewa reservations 70 he
AHA nv ,e henent Indians less thar
% erd fv CENTS per provided by the approved June
H. 1874 entitled An explanatory OF the uesy made ah the
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-07-20

GrsspAs LAsp oyyros, March 81, lssl
ORDER that the liberal views Of Congress- In passing the
soldier. engaged military of the Un
States, be carried and expense TO the wIrane
gratitude their country patriotic and at the
time TO secure 70 the hardy and enepnnss s:suen on
fruits Of their Industry and vaion s Sscsp
~ Interior has directed
That public gwen all settlers p.stc Lands sob
aenu within thirty sns making their set'emens and in
required o Ssps1oS'
is their pesmpon rights and prevent 'n'ers
And that located the land applied ~
vii a. whether and after having
shall the hands 9th ana
oncsfs ., ea', o'y oy s -. .,nna ,.s", :, cs.ry
will be returned this ONCE for patentns bnih Tiers
is such interference, new location will be made.
Wnanees locate their their ows pre- empo
right. where the land proclaimed and offered II public ~
I'd March, 1851 and where te minimum price Of he sns
than dollar and twenty hve cents per hcc Gan
difference of the land and the n"osn
covered by the warrant estimating the warrant a. u u
attach the alternate sections reserved " WV
United sste- along the Of railroads OF canals
Where application made thi. once by the wa,rantee 70
applicant should designate the land district
country wishes the location man
and where specified, would DO wei designate
ART sected ssI have se lecassd upcs
which vacant without TURNER dei
these case. The applicant taken before an ofc,
romreen, to administer ideAca pson
accompany the application The sa
re. must be complied application by letter made
he det land oncrrs where application by the
,orpey guardian the evasrce duly cernsd Of the
s"oy no IN me or, section ~ he act mstns
support fer the A.csi ending h J"n
is approved al March 1881 q is enacted warrant NJ
other Of Congress- shall be located land
heretofore been brought into market and hen ssre
as, September 1850 other granting bounty s
which had been proclaimed and offered for sale p
''' :" o. "''c'' '''' BuTTERErELD
Ap Is-iswsw Commissions
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-07-20

T IEE aud spondence OF Lord stdmouths by
Ii Hon Pclew, D. ID. 3 vols, evo. London.
Dictionary Poenca Sacred and Miscellaneous by
in r, Watson Rev. A. II. Weld, ID ID.
Dictionary OF Sacred Quotations selected and arranged BY Rev
n. Weld, u. ID. l vol
History sabbainrisn Cburchs BY Mrs Tamar
Davis VOL, II mo-
schmitz's History OF Greece vol.
Philosophy of Mathematics translated from The French by
w. NJ Gillespie.
London Labor the London Poor, Noe by Mayhem
Blackwoods Magazine for May. = ...
Just received and for sale by TAYLOR MAOhft
May is Bookseiefsb he@ sih street.
The daily union. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1845-1857, 1851-07-20

IN pursuance Of law l. WILLARD FILLMORE, President OF
United states declare Ind make known
that pabc sale will be held al e land once
Territory commencing on Monday the egh
the disposal o. the public lands
following named townships and fractional townships,
North Of ths base fourth ,aerdia
Fractional township thirty -four, the right
ii ycr,o eighteen
Fraeuonai townships thirty three, thirty four thirty hye and
the right bank of the 81 Croix river range
Fractional townships twenty
right bank OF the Lake 81 Croix townships thirty
right bank of tbs ST CroiX nyer, of range twenty.
Townships thirty three, thirty four, thirty hve and thirty six, OF
usentyone.
fractional townships tyon thirty two, en bank
the Mis- issipp riysf OF range twenty 1--WE.
fractional townships len
OF the mississippi river, OF range tweDty-sir
Fractional townships thirty and thirty inc leit bank
Oh the mississippi river OF range twenty seven
Fractional townships h, and thirty hree The !eit bank
OF the Mississippi uyeI, OF auee twenty eight
Fractional township thirty three and iryour ON the len bank
OF the Mississippi nver, of range twenty nine
Fractional townships thirty aud thirty ve on he lei bank
of the Mississippi river, ofmnge thirty,
Fractional townships thirty hye aud y seven,
thank f he
by o schools,
excluded from the sales, and no locations
for heretofore lazy OF Congress for mil
provided enlled An
oil
government" &c, approved Sd March, 1851
The offering the aforementioned lands WIZ he on
will the order in which they
whole
closed but the sale shall not be kept
than weeks and private entry OF any OF the
the expiration OF the two weeks
my May, Donlnl one
| ''''''"A s ~ WILLARD FILLMORE.
| BY the PRESIDENT
Commissioner o General Land Office