davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15

EXCHANGE BANK
SELDEN, WRITER'S T. co..,
WASHINGTON d. C.,


FGNHE undersigned respectfully announce that
y they have formed II co-partnerahip to transact
q general Banking and Exchange business in this
City under the firm Of sELDEN, WRITER'S & CO.,
and are prepared to deal in
Eoreiga and Domestic Exchanges, Tims-Biifs Pro-
misory Notes Csrfifcates Of Dsposite, Letters Of
Credit, Bank Notes and Com.
We undertake to make collections and promptly
10 remit the proceeds to any designated point with
10 or without the Union
Mr.. Vim. Selden, member of the firm, and for
many years past the 7reasuyer ofMs United States,
will give his careful personal attention to all nan
cial business which we may be employed to trans
act with any of the Departments oftbe Government.
The business which our employers may require
Ms TO transact will be conducted with fidelity and
promptitude, and upon the most reasonable terms
WILLIAM SELDEN,
Late Treasurer efihe Z. s.
JOHN WRITER'S.
OF Alexandria, Va.
H. W. LATHAM,
OF Washington d. c.
L. P. DAYNE,
or Baltimore, Nd
Washington, Dec. ~, 1850.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15

HSRUSSES. We have received a lot of
IL Rheinhart's Patent double and single
TruSses, they are considered By physicians
TO be superior to any article of the kind in use.
March 4. HARRISON s. HAMME..
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15
Mechanic Arts.
R E M OVAL.
ANDREW RoUsH

CABINET AND CoFFIN-MAKING
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15
VvHE ProprleiOrs have pen, much umeln

TIME Proprietors havespent muchumein
Il bringing THIS preparation oiSARsArARiLLA
TO It's presentstaie OF perfection; and the ex-
perience 81 fourteen years has furnishedthem
the most ample opportunity to study, IN Their
various forms, the diseases for which tbs re-
commended. and TO adapt itexactly 10 their
relieiand cure. Patients who wish a REALLY
COOP Medicine, are invited TO give j. trial ,
and satisfy themselves ofitssuperioriiy, and
the ,nvalu able property itpossesses ofarrestIng
and curing disease. The bottle has been en-
larged to hold ONE quart. and inits present
improved form may safely claim to be the BEST
aud CHEAPEST medicine of the age. Its pro-.
gress 10 the fame il ha attained, may be traced
by long line offac,s and cures, that stand as
landmarks and beacons for the invalid, point
ing the way TO the haven of health and what
j, has already done for the thousands who have
used it., il is capable of doing for the millions
still suffering and struggling with disease. II
purifes. c'eanses aud strengthens the fountain
springs fife, and infuses new vigor through
oui the whole animal frame. eo saF
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15
CASH FOR WOOL.

WILL pay the market price for WOOL.
Il in cash. either washed or unwashed, as
soon as delivered to me, except Dishley on pure
Cots,coid. WI. WEBB,
Sept. 3. lS50--tf ShepherdsfOnn Mills.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15
0 YESy o YES!!

HVHE subscriber would inform the public
u that he will attend as Auctioneer al any
Sale, If called on al any time. Ii appears in
many instances persons are asked for jobs Of
this kind. always think persons know whom
they want to attend TO sell their Property,
and never ask any person--bu, am ready, il
wanted. A. STEWART.
June lS, IS5O-tf
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15

The True Digestive Fluid, or GasIrIc JUICE!
A GREAT DYSPEPSIA CURER,
Preparedyrosa en,.et fourth Stomach ofae Or
after directions Of Baron Lsetig, the great Ply
siological Ghe,ast, By y. S. Aoayaon,
Dr. d., No ii, North Eighth ST., Philadelphia, Pa.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15
Coigate's Pearl starch.

4 BOXES Calgate's Superior Pearl Starch---jast
Il received and for sale by RIDDLE & BRO.
Feb 1881 Burke Stree
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15

AND COMMISSION
III o U s lNs
HAVE have arranged part of my House for
i the reception of all kinds of Good and Produce
that may be consigned to me win pay Freight ON
Goods, &c, and attend to Loading WAGONS Char
ges moderate. b. r. BOYD.
June Is, 1850. At the Ne,o Denot
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15
Daniel m. Doll

TTNDETAKERR AND HoUsE.JoINER--shop
l on Burke Street, two doors East the Ger
man Rsfornn ChurcL July Sl lS4D.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15
RACON! BACON!!

BfVUN DNCVNs
NTE have received and expect to keep con
w stantly on hand, Bacon, Haas, Shoulder
and Sides, Baltimore cured, best quality, whiel
we will sell as cheap as we possibly can
March ii w. IT, K J. MATHEWS.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15

Washington, Dec. II, 1850.
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15

HNHISisat truly wonderfulremedy for Indigestion
Dyspepsia, Jaundice, Liver Complaint, Constr
patton, and Debility, curing after Natures own
method, 10y Natures own agent, the Gastric Juice
g1rHalf teaspoonful OF this Fluid, infused in
water. will digest or dissolve Ftve Pounds o. Rodst
Beef IL abosa tvo hours out of the stomach. II
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15

IN all its various branches, ana
are prepared 10 wait on all,hose
who NAV favor them with a call
Martinsburg gazette. [volume] (Martinsburg, Va. [W. Va.]) 1833-1855, 1851-04-15
NO MISTAKE,
DIR, PENDLETON,
CAEPETING,

T HAvEa general assortment of carpeting which
i 1 will close out cheap. IT, W. BURNS.
Feb, II, 1851.
The republic., 1851-03-14
THE REPUBLIC
WASHINGTON:
FRIDAY MORNING. MARCH IA. 1851.


"The series of measures to which have alluded
and substance final settlement-of the dan ger
Gus and exciting subjects which they embraced" !"
"By that adjustment we have been rescued from
the wide and boundless agitation that surrounded
us, and have firm, distinct, and legal ground
TO rest upon. And the occasion, trust, will JUS
tify me IN ExHoRrINe MY ceuNraYMEN TO RALLY
UPON AND MAIHrAIN THAT GROUND the best, ii
not the only means, of restoring peace and quiet
to the country, and maintaining involate the in
tegrity Of the Union.'
[PREsIDEsT FILLMoRE's MESSAGE.
"The Presidents message, at the opening of the
present session of Congress, expresses fully and
plainly his own and the unanimous opinion of all
those associated with him in the Executive admin
istration of the Government, in regard to what
arc called the Adjustment or Compromise mea-
sures of last session. That opinion is, that those
measures should be regarded in principle aa
a final settlement Of the dangerous and exciting
subjects which they embrace; that though they
: were not free from imperfections, yet, in their
mutual dependence and connexion, they formed
= q system of compromise the most conciliatory
and best for the entire country that could be OBJ
tanned from conflicting sectional interest and
opinions, and that therefore they should be ad-
hered to, until time and experience should de-
monstrate the necessity of further legislation te
guard against evasion or abuse. That opinion, &C
far as know, remains entirely unchanged, and
will be acted upon steadily and decisively. The
peace of the country requires this; the security o.
the Constitution requires this and every conside
. ration of the public good demands this. If ths
Administration cannot stand upon the principle.
ofthe message, it does not expect to stand at ALL
[DANIEL WEBsrERs Letter to the Union Meetins
at Wsstchester.
The republic., 1851-03-14
supreme Court or tho United ssat.s.

In mentioning the adjournment of the Su-
preme Court after most arduous and laborious
session, we ought not to omit reference to the
beneficial operation of their recent rules in pro-
noting the despatch of business. We allude to
the rule which confines each counsel to an ar
gument Of two hours, and limits the number of
counsel In cause; and that which compels the
argument of every cause in its order upon the
calendar. The latter rule has hitherto pre-
vailed with such multitudinous exceptions that
counsel at distance could make no calculation
as to the time when their respective causes
could be heard; and the consequence was that
they were frequently compelled to wait weeks
and even months for hearing which they sup
posed to be actually impending. We remember
case, three winters ago, that was actually called
some time in December, and was put over for
cause for day or two, retaining its place on
the calendar, which was not reached again
during the term; counsel remaining for sixty
days, liable to be called at any time, but from
special assignments and other interpositions
thrown over the vacation. It was the custom,
also, to extend liberal indulgences to eminent
counsel, and particularly to gentlemen in Con-
gress, who could aIlege public engagements in
other places that compelled them to solicit a
continuance of their causes without prejudice
to their clients position on the calendar
These things were all fruitful of delays. The
business of the Court became choked up, and
the argument of a cause before it involved so
much loss of time and patience as to impair
materially, not only the substantial interests of
litigants, but the professional value of the
practice.
This state of things induced the Court to an
nounce on the first day Of the late term that ten
causes would be placed on the day calendar and
called, and that the causes that wero reached
In which counsel were not prepared for argu-
ment must 20 to the foot of the term calendar.
No cause was ready the first day Of hearing
The republic., 1851-03-14
[Sse first page.l
oFFIcIAL.

APPOINTMENTS BY THE PRESIDENT,
BY and ,cih The advice and eonsent Of the Senate
RoBERr G. ScHxNcK, Of Ohio, to be Envoy Ex-
traordinary and Minister Plenipotsntiary 70 the
government of Brazil.
JOHN B. KEnR, of Maryland. to be Charge DAT
faires of the United States to the government of
Nicaragua.
YzLvzRroN P. KING, of Georgia, to be Charge
d'Afaires of tho United States TO New Granada.
FRANKLIN H. CLAoK, of Louisiana, to be Sec
retary to the Legation of the United States in
Brazil.
SAMUEL g. GooDaIcH, of New York, to be Con-
sui Of the United States at Paris, in France, in
place of Robert Walsh, resigned.
JOHN HowAaD PAYNE. to be Consul at Tunis.
WILLIAM s. ALLEN, of Missouri, to be Secretary
of the Territory of New Mexico.
ELIAS p. WEST, of New Mexico, to be Attorney
Of the United States for the Territory of New
Mexico.
JEssE TURNEa, of Arkansas, to be District At
torney Of the United States for the western district
Of fArkansas.
GEoRaA KNOX, OF Arkansas, to be Marshal Of
the United States for the western district of Ar
kansas.
JoHx JOINS, of New Mexico. to be Marshal Of the
United States for the Territory Of New Mexico.
OFFICERS OF THE CUSTOMS.
COLLECTIONS.
TnoMAs BurLxR KING, for tho district of San
Francisco, California.
WILLIAM HENRy RUSSELL, for the district of Mon
terey, California.
Jzsss s. HAMDLsroS, for the district of Sacra-
mento, California.
COLIN WILSON, for the district of Umpqua,
Oregon.
SlMpsos P. Mosrs. for the district Of Puget's
Sound, Oregon.
SURVEYORS.
RoHsRT GOODWIN, for the port Of Beverly, Mass
EDWARD c. WARD, for the port Of Jacksonville,
North Carolina
JESSE THOMAS, for the port of Nashville, Tenn.
TOBIAS WoLr, for the port of Memphis, Tenn.
WILLIAM BRswS, for the port of Evansville, Ind.
FRxDERIcK BELDEN, for the port of Corpus Christi,
Texas.
sAMuEL HAHRs, for the port of velasco, Texas.
SAMUEL BARNEY, for the port of Santa Barbara,
California.
GEoaaz P. NEWELL. for the port of Pacific City,
Oregon.
ALoNzo LELAND, for the port of Milwaukee,
Oregon.
WILLIAM M MILLxn, for the port of Nesqually,
Oregon.
APPRAIslR.
GsoReE PENDLEroN, for the port of San Fran
cisco, California.
APPRAlsRRs AT LARoE.
CHARLss BRADLxY, of Massachusetts,.
MATTHIAS B. EDaAR, of New York.
JoHN s. RIDDLE, of Pennsylvania.
HuoH w. EVANS, of Maryland.
- a .
The republic., 1851-03-14
MR.. CLEMENS.
ConsuI.hip At Paris.

We publish this morning the official an
nouncement Of the appointment and confirma-
tion ofSAMuEL G. GooDRroH, esq, as our CON
sui at Paris. This appointment cannot fAil to
give general satisfaction. Mr.. GooDRIcH has
long been known as one of the most useful Popu-
lar writers of the country. His valuable labors
have not only made his name familiar among
the masses wherever the English language is
spoken, but his knowledge Of men and affairs
eminently qualities him for the station to which
he has been called.
The republic., 1851-03-14

Here was an increase of about fifteen per cent.
in the quantity of rice exported, and dininution
of value amounting to almost one third, while the
ITO hogsheads of tobacco raised in 184l yielded
to the growers less than the small export Of 1885,
because out Of the same gross receipt he had to pay
al hogsheads. The planters now experienc-
ing the effects Of closing the mills and furnaces,
and mines Of the country, and driving the whole
population of tho country into agricuture.
So too, was ii with the farmer. High prices con-
sequent upon the former abandonment of cultiva- J.
ton were now followed by the low prices conse-
quent upon want of market al home. Wheat,
which in 1888 had commanded So so, fell in 1870,
in the Philadelphia market, to 81, and in l84l to
lowing year il was but rs cents. The moro bulky
corn was in many places scarcely worth the labor
of harvesting Pork, which in 1888, because Of di-
minshed production sold at 8 lS 81, fell in l641 to
SO, and in 1912 to So; and ut the close Of that
year prime could be purchased at Sc per barrel.
Hams sold in July Of that year in New York at
from 50 to $5, and prime beef at So SO to SO SO.
With the dimnution in the production of wool
the price had risen from IS cents in 1885 TO Al ]
cents in 1889; but in S40 1t fell to 80 cents, and in
lS42 to %.
There was no demand for labor in manufactures,
in coal mining, for the production of iron, and
the average import Of men from Europe during
this period-l638 to lS42-was but 76 600; while
large numbers, disgusted at the total failure to
alze their expectations, returned home The export
of men was, therefore, unusually large.
Ten years previously we consumed more, and
had more to SELL and were obtaining better prices
and could, therefore, purchase more. Now we had
more to sell, because we were consuming less, and
prices were 30 low that the farmers and planters
were almost ruined As necessary consequence,
we could purchase less, will now be shown:
The republic., 1851-03-14

necessity, thereiore, labor now abandoned road
making to seek employment In cultivation; but
the market for the products Of the farm and the
plantation had disappeared.
IL has been seen that the cotton crop Of 1888 was
precisely the that Of 1885, 70 wit 1860 900
bales; and that the export of the former year was
greater by $4,000 900 pounds than that Of the latter
one-thus showing great diminution OF domestic
consumption. The crop raised in 1889 reached
2.l71 600 bales, being $1,000 more than that of
1886; and, as the domestic market had diminished,
the whole Of this large excess. resulting from the
transfer OF labor from other pursuits to the culti
vation OF cotton, was compelled to seek market
abroad, and the export Of the year reached TAB
millions, being 1863 millions moro than that OF 1885.
AZ natural consequence the price fell TO cents,
90 that the yield to the planter less for the arg
er crop than it had been for the smaller one
In the following year. ls4o-4l, the crop was l634.-
600 bales, being 274 900 more than that Of 1885,
and the export was greater than that of 1885 by
600 Of pounds, 900 bales Of $50 pounds
each The price recovered little, aud the planter
1888 he obtained for tie larger one of 800, 900
bales, to wit, 10 cents.
In the following year. 1912, the crop was
6s3 900 bales, being 423, 900 more than 1885, and
the equivalent Of AGO 900 bales Of $50 pounds each
and even this small crop failed to command more
than cents; and such the case because the
power OF consumption at home had been destroyed,
in common with the power of producing commod-
tiles to exchange for it.
To how great an extent the home consumption
OF cotton had been diminished to the injury of the
planters, will now be from the following facts
| 1t is obvious that the quantity worked up in this
year must have been less than it had been seven
years before and yet, of this reduced quantity
zoe srported more IN the form Of cloth. The
| average export of domestic cottons in the three
years ending September 80, 1886, was but 80 $780,,
700, whereas the average of the three years ending
September 80, 1912, was So, 400 900, and the di
rect effect of this was still further to depress the
price of cotton cloth in foreign markets, and tina
| of cotton wool at home.
The crop raised in 1912 reached 2,37s 900, being
a million more than in 1885, and the export wa
greater by 4l2, ,000. 900 Of pounds-the necessary
consequence Of which was fall to six cents.
| The condition of the rice and tobacco planter
was nearly similar. The exclusive devotion Of th,
attention Of the country to the making of farms
plantations, and roads, for series of years, wa
everywhere becoming manifest in an increase 0
agricultural products, but there domestic
market. The export Of these articles increased
and with the greater necessity for seeking foreign
markets, prices fell with great rapidity. The ex
port of rice of the crop raised in 1888 90. .oO
iicrces, value $2,460,000, and that of Tobacco,
1895 hodsheads, the price of which was 1924 a
per hogshead. OF the crops raised in the following
years, the following the quantities exported ant
their value. Crop of
The republic., 1851-03-14

note from Weldon, North Carolina, dated March 10,
states That there was at that time the largest fresh
ct IN the Roanoke that had occurred for many
years. Inc water was ten inches above high water
mark. and rising. The Petersburg and Roanoke
Railroad Company has sustained great damage by
the flood, number Of embankments and vessel
works having been swept away. The agents of
the road had made arrangement however. 10 cen
up the connexion Of travel and the mails
The Petersburg Infsuisencsr, Of Tuesday, says
thatthe flood in the Appomattox, on Monday even
ing, within few inches Of the highest point il
had ever reached and was within six inches of the
floor of the Pocahontas bridge, leaving but little
rope that the bridge could stand much longer. A
part of Rowlctts upper warehouse has been under.
mined and carried off, leaving exposed in ts lower
story large quantity Of lime. II is estimated tina
the quantity OF property in Petersburg destroyed
and damaged will not amount TO less than 60, 900
The republic., 1851-03-14

DEATH OF COLONEL MisoR The st. Louis pa
pers announce the death of Colonel WILLIAM g.
MINOR, formerly of Spottsylvania county, Virginia,
who died at his residence in Jefferson city, Mis-
souri, on the 2lst ultimo, of pneumonia, in the for
ty fifth year of his age.
Colonel Minor emigrated to Missouri in 1910, and
establishing himself at jefferson city, entered upon
the practice of his profession in the circuit of which
Cole county forms part. He at once took prom
inent position among the bar of Missouri, and en-
joyed to the close of his life large and respectable
practice both in the circuit and supreme courts Of
the State During the greater part Of the last eleven
years he was editor Of the Jefirson Inquirer. As
one of the commissioners appointed by the Supreme
Court of the United States to survey and fix the
boundary between Missouri and Iowa, he
gagged during the greater part of the past season.
and, while thus busted, his hea tn received shock
from which, in the opinion of his friends it had not
fully recovered when his recent illness seized him.
The republic., 1851-03-14

Run THE STARK BANx-Loss OF THE SPECIE
DRAWN FROM IT.-Last week person by the name
Of McDaniels, of Granville, Washington county,
having had some difficulty with cashier Harmon
of the Stark Bank of Bennington. collected bills
on the bank to the amount of 1000, and present.
ed them at its counter, with demand for the spe-
Gle, for the purpose of compelling it to close its
doors But in this Med was disappointed The
bank was enabled to pay the specie for every dol
lar of its notes presented
Mr.. Med. took the $4,000 in specie to the hotel
kept by Mr.. Robinson "thc hill, ,'Nwith a re-
quest that Mr.. r. would take il to DIR. Heman
Swift's house. Mr.. Robinson says he had not an
opportunity to do this until about o'clock in the
evening, when. on reaching DR.. SIS house, he
found that the doctor in bed and asleep, and
not desiring to wake the doctor, MIR. X. says he
placed the specie under his own bed. In the morn
ing following the door Of the room was found open
and the specic missing.
Every effort was Immediately made to find the
stolen money, but 30 far without success.
Troy IN. " Whig.
The republic., 1851-03-14

the second day the first argument was in Mo-
20-and from that time we believe the instan-
ces were very rare in which a case intended to
be argued was passed for the want of readiness
in the counsel. The rule requiring counsel TO
file their printed briefs, with all the authorities
permitted to be cited on the hearing, of course
operated in connexion with that to which we
have alluded, to give system and regularity TO
the business Of the Court.
The two-hour rule has worked admirably.
All who are familiar with the mode of argu-
ment too prevalent in the Supreme Court, be-
fore its adoption, remember the platitudes and
common-places with which the judges were for
days RECALLED by counsel from below, who would.
talk according to the length Of time for which
they had been waiting to be heard. A lawyer
whose case was pretty promptly reached,
would get through in reasonable time. If he
had enjoyed weeks leisure in the law libra
ry, he was tedious enough but if he had been
examining for month, he was intolerable. A
vicious style of celebrating nothings, and Of de-
monstrating by resort TO the elements the
plainest legal propositions, had become the pro-
Waning AiUuo VI suc CuPkonc uoI, ouu sPo0CAcS
were frequently made Of two or three days. dura-
ton which ought not to have occupied sixty min
utes. The Court had no choice. 1t was indispen-
sable to arrest and correct this evil, and it has
been effectually corrected by the application Of
the two-hour rule. In extraordinary cases an
extension of time is allowed, but the Court
generally adhere inaexibly to the rule.
This judicious reform in the practice Of the
Court has enabled the Justices to accomplish
wonders. Of two hundred and fifty cases on
the calendar, they have disposed Of about one
hundred, many of them of great importance.
AT the next term, with an adjourned session,
they will be able, no doubt, to clear the present
calendar. Many opinions in revenue, land, ad-
miralty, constitutional and patent cases, have
been delivered, of eminent ability, and with
more than ordinary concurrence Of opinion
among the justices. The reports Of the decided
cases will occupy, we understand, two volumes
Of the size and style of the last of HowARD.