davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-15
Moral Condition OF California.

The following extract from letter written
by an American gentleman who (the New York
Commercial Advertiser says has resided in
California for several years, is member of the
legislature, and has had many opportunities for
observing every condition and prospect of that
country, may be interesting, as it shows the
melancholy aspect of liberty as at pre- sent exhi
bited there. He writes thus:
SANTA BARBARA, July "a,
This country is in dreadful state given up
completely to rapine and plunder You hear
every day of murders, robberies, arson, and
host OF other crimes, perpetrated in the midst of
crowded cities as v ell rs in the open plain, in
broad daylight and Mt the dead of night. Nor
do the wrerches care for sec -ecy tut in the eyes
of the WI. rid, with impunity, and with no ter
rors of punishment to thwart them, commit
such crimes as they themselves would shudder
at it committed by others Who is safe in n h
n society? To 90 rnlrmed in the street, or in
your own house, would be the height Of folly.
As for myself never retire Mt night without
having my arms loaded ready at moments
warning. Yet we are long distance from the
main swarm of locusts that infest this land but
from one end oft to the other y,u will find the
humln species ready to p)unce upon the weak
and defenceless. Oar mlil.rdnr from above
was made away with some three weeks since
about twenty fse miles from this pl ce; it il
supposed he was murdered. AT all events. no.
thing has been heard Of him, or the mails or
even the animal he was riding. HC.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-15
WAsHINeroN. September Oh

W AsHlNGTON, September Ytn.
II I" in the course of human events,' Cuba Ia
to become politically connected with this coun-
try, II will be well to secure the connexion
through amicabe and honorable means Forays,
which are both lawless and useless, have been
countenanoed long enough by orr people. The
cause of Cuban annexation has been promoted
by recent events and the question is likely, in
some form, to be precptated upon us. If we
seek the the prize through improper means, we
shall find il nm expensive proce ediug. Try IL,
when we mny we shall become involved by il
in long and disastrous wars with the chief naval
powers of Europe.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-15
Very Interesting from the South,
The Steamer Panpero Blockaded--anokher Cuban
Erpsdition--.Marins Disasters ETC.

Erpedition-Marins Disasters, etc.
BALTIMORE. Sept IL, 1851.
The Southern mail brings letter from Savan-
nah which states that the steamer Pampero is
blockaded by revenue cutter, near that city.
Another letter sta es that General Gonzales
Is preparing an expedition, consisting of two
thousand men, for another demonstration in ia
vor OF Cuban independence. The head quarters
OF the expedition is stated to be at Savannah.
4 e steamer Winfield Scott, at New Orleans,
reports the total loss of the ship Mary Ellen,
from New York, off Key West on the pad
hree other vessels (names not mentoned) are
reported to have been dsmased
The heat has been intense TO-DAY. at Baltimore
the thermometer having reached 30.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-15

iEyTArioN DEoLNED.--We learn from tho
Washington Republic that the President has been
compelled to decline the invitation Of the citizers
OF Boston. to attend the celebration Of the 9Th in
slant. The state Of the public business renders
this course an imperative duty.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-15

The Washingtonian, Wing paper at Lees
burg, Va, has passed from the hands of C. C..
McIntire, for many years it's editor, into those Of
VIM b. Lynch.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-15
ANGLO ITALIAN MISSION.


appeal 20 the ftefy dNd Chg'tfy offhe Italians
Among all the foreign missions, TINT of Lon
don presents the greatest hopes and demand
Those conversions to catholicism so frequent
and remarkable, that necessity which in the pre-.
sent day Professionals feel for instruction in Cath
Ollie concerns, those eifors which the ministers
Of error are now making TO stop the spontane-
Gus impulse of tho nation towards the truth, are
strong reasons for oonceiving the sweetest hopes
Of the immediate return of that prodigal dauph-
ter within the bosom Of its afflicted mother-thp
Roman church Not only is the small rumher
Of Catholic churches in London very formid
able obstacle to the propagation of the Cath
olo faith In the METROPOLIS, but even to It's pres.
ervaion Let it suffice merely to remember
that of more than 100000 Catholics who are
now in that immense city, scarcely 80 900 can
find place to attend the HOLY mass on the
DAYS Of festival
The Italians, there most numerous, feel in
an especial manner the loss they experience
from the want Of church where they might
freely assemble, and without expense listen to
the holy mass, whence they are exposed to the
painful alternative either of entirely nepleotinq
oil religious duties, or of frequontng protestant
churches. This danger of losing the holy faith
IL still more manifest to them, because some OF
their apostate countrymen, stimulated by Prot
estant gold, are trying every means 10 seduce
them. and have lately opened Protestant tenn
pie for the Italians, which, to deceive and en-
snare the simple, has been called, and bears on
it's facnde, the lying title of Italian Catholic
Church" Toremoye, therefore, from the Italians
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-15
The London NeDs Of the lst inst, SAYS:

The London NelDs of the LIST inst, says:
"Our columns are graced to day by two curl
Gus documents. One is an appeal to the piety
end charity of Italians emanating from The
Holiness of our Lord, Pope Plus TX exciting
them to contribute to the erection of Roman
Catholic Church in London and the other n
proclamation of the Archbishop of Florence
enforcing the petition of his master upon the
flock committed to his care.
The cool mpudence of the two digniiaries
from whom these manifestoes emanate, is the
first reflection awakened by their perusa The
Holiness Of our Lord who will not tolerate an
English Protestant church within the walls OF
his capital, proposes to have church of his own
erected in the very heart of the metropolis OF
England, as if il were the most reasonable pro.
ect in the world The prelate who presides
over the Romish church in Tuscany. whence the
persecution of protestants is still ringing in
our cars, is the first to join in the illustrious
beggars petition Both, at least indirectly.
pay the English people and government the
compliment of attributng to them more OF
Christian forbearance than they have shown
themselves to be animated by.
"His eminenee, Cardinal Wiseman is eulo-
gstcally noticed In the pontiical petition.
Nevertheless, it looks MS il Pic Mono did not
entirely trust him as if his holiness feared he
had made the cardinal too great man to rely
upon his gratitude. The Pope, in fact, declares
by this manifesto, that he cannot rely upon the
fidelity of his hierarchy in England, unless they
receive an Italian garrison among them The
projected church of 81. Peters, in London, is
to be diaoays governed by congregation of
Italian secular priests, founded at Rome, that the
Roman spirit NAV always Influence the same
The priests of ST. Peters, London are, in
fact, TO be permanent spies upon the conduct Of
the English Roman Catholics in the interest of
the Roman court"
The following is the papal missive referred to
by tho Neps.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-15

The Washington Union has lately been in
slsting, in several numbers, on the union of the
Southern Democracy with the Northern in sun
port OF the compromise, or, as the new phrase
Is, the il1ality of the compromise One woud
suppose that the Union really entertained some
hope that such thing would happen. Now,
we are quite positive that nothing is more chi
merical. There are things possible, things prob
able, things contingent, and things uncertain;
out " there Is anything certain in politics, il is
that IN no event, or under any creu ms stances,
van ue southern Democracy erer support the
compromise. Why, the simple suggestion of
such thing ia the most pro,uberant case Of or.
ganIc infatuaton that we have ever known
We clip the above from the Southern press
OF yesterday being the only part of a long art.
Gle that we could venture to transfer 10 onr
columns without shocking the good taste OF our
renders. This renegade Aboitionist can con.
ceive Of nothing that is Democratic but what
favors the dsurion schemes of his friends Rhett
and Cheves OF South Carolina The Idea tina,
that there is patriotism higher than all party
feeling cannot be forced into his head His one
hope has been that the South could be united or
the basis Of the Nashville Southern convention
and, now that that IL dying away, ba seatters
ms curses upon all who have been instrumental
IN making his treason recoiI upon his own i'm
potent head, and in branding there, in letters
that can never be expunged, disunion and aboli-
f'onf ~aat God has Joined together lei no man
put osunder.
We must add, however, by way of counsel to
tbs organ of disappointed hops, that IL ought
not to throw so many false assertions into one
editorial. In less than column il asserts that
Mr.. Clay concocted the compromise; the Son,h-
err Democratic obligation roted almost unanip,-
onsiy az .na the principal parts; Giaf The Union
has deserted The So,fhern Democracy n coalesce
Nth the Northern Wings; haf The compromise is
neither spdwabic nor in existence; dtai the Ten.
nsssee Democracy, hau'ng undertaken 10 supeort
ths compromises hare been beafen and that IN no
other Southern State ~haterer has The Democracy
supported The compromise. If sncb assertions a.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-15
AFrERsoos SESSION.

Nsw York DEMOCRATIC STATE CoSvEsrEor.
SYRACUSE, September ~.
The Democratic convention re assembled
this morning..
The committes on resolutions reported The
following.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-15
THE STATE TICKET rre

The convention then agreed to proceed 20 thu
nomination of the State ticket.
Pending motion to nominate them uipa poce
the convention took RECESS till seven o'clock.
The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-09-15

NOTION TO LAY ON TIE TABLE.
Dir. Clarke moved to lay IT upon the table.
Here arose long and sharp debate ms 20
whether the motion in order
hessrs. Morris, Sickles and others, declared
that the adoption Of the motion would be an
net OF gross tyranny TO the minority.
REQUEST TO FACE vaE MUSIC.
Mr.. Sickles called on the convention TO face
the music.
MOTION RULED CUT or ORDER.
The chair ruled the motion TO lay ON the table
ns out Of order.
Upon that decision an appeal was taken.
Another sharp debate followed relative to the
question of order.
CHAIR ovERRULED.
The decision Of the chair was overruIed by
81 to 66
American telegraph., 1851-05-26
WAsHINGToN: MONDAY AFTERNooN.a MAY 26 ISL
Hardware, DIV !, O., Cutlery, Edge Tools, &C.

-r> .Ht CHARLES s. gLITTl,E, IsdpoRIER and
| pgeneral dealer In English, German, and
-SoEzeL american Hardware, Cutlery, Edge Tools,
on 90 &c., SO and "a Fulton street, opposite the
United statse Hotel New York. respectfully invites the
attention of Merchants, making their purchases, to his
very extensive assortment comprising every thing In the
line and to which new and constant supplies being
added His variety of Tools ia adopted 10 alb the various
branches Of especially and CaFpenterr
Particular attention given to all ORDERS all Of which
offered athe lowest market prices for cash or on approved
credits III, gfB9 efi vu g9YIaggr on drt|y aFH.
Cut and Wrought Nails, Locks and Latchets L
Knives and Forks, Pen and Pocket Knives
Razors, Scissors and Shears, In great variety
Skstes States Sleigh Bells, loose and strappsd 4.
Shovels, Spades, Hoes Forks, Scythes and Snathes
Rifles Black Lead Pots, and Sand Crpcibles
Pumps for wesor cisterns; Force Pumps and Hydrau-
Ames Pump, Augers and Runiyers t
Turkey Oil Stone, dressed and undressed
scot0h Water OF Ayr Stone, for marble polishers i
Ooopef Tools, IN great variety Of the most celebrated
Alberson, Conger, Horton, Barton, and
others g. ~ ', ,ht . t"
Coachmakers' Tools a@e#H aH M"
House and Ship Carpenters Tools
Blacksmiths' Tools Cabinet makers Trimmings
House and Ship builders Hardware
House furnishing Hardware, in great variety
Iron, Brass, Copper, and Steel wire 81 sEg
Genuine Haarlem, Oil, and Nuremberg Salve.
mar +@s'A'
American telegraph., 1851-05-26

now called Greenleafs Point, formed by the IN
tersection of the Eastern Branch with the Poto
mae, and was known as James creek. There
is a stream above Georgetown which has always
been called Goose creek but from certificate
of survey now preserved in the Mayors Office
at Washington, dated 1868, it appears that the
inlet from the Potomac was then known by the
name of ziber, and probably the stream from
the north emptying into it bore the same name;
SO that Moore did injustice to the history of the
place, and confounded streams when he wrote
the well-known line:
sand what was Goose creek once, is Tiber now
BY the same survey it appears that the land
comprising the Capitol Hill was called Rome or
Room, two names which seem to have fore
shadowed the destiny Of the place Mr. Force,
Of Washington, suggests that they probably
originated in the fact that the name Of the
owner of the estate was Pope, and, in selecting
name for his plantation, he fancied the title
Of Pope of Rome"
Conclusion in our next
American telegraph., 1851-05-26
THE CITY OF WASHINGTON.
From the New York Observer.

From the New York Observer.
HISTORY or TILE FEDERAL SEAT OF GOVERNMENT
1t is becoming 50 common, for every person
who travels at all, to visit the city of Washing
ton that the following analysis of paper read
some time since, before the New York Histori-
cal Society, by Mr. Joseph B. Varnum, jr., on
the {" History of the Federal Seat of Govern
ment, and which appears in q report of their
proceedings, will be read with interest:
Before the establishment of the District of
Columbia, Congress occasionally met, accord
ing to the exigencies of the case, or the eonve-
nieuce of members, at Philadelphia, Baltimore,
Lancaster Yorktown, Princeton, Annapolis,
Trenton and New York. The different States,
in the mean time, coveted the honor of the na-
tional city. New York offered the town of
Kingston Rhode Island, Newport; Maryland,
Annapolis; and Virginia, Williamsburg.
On the 21st October, 1888, Congress, insulted
at Philadelphia by n band Of mntineers, whom
the State authorities were unable to quell, ad-
journed to Princeton, to the halls of the Col
lege a circumstance which doubtless led to the
agitation of the question Of a permanent seat
Of Government, which was taken up at this
time, and continued to be discussed till the
formation Of the Constitution. resolution of
Mr.. Gerry, 7th October, 1888, was adopted
that a district be chosen on the banks Of the
Delaware or the Potomac, near Georgetown
which underwent various notifications Zone of
which was that both sites be selected, till it
was repealed in the following year On the
3Oth October, 1884, the subject was again taken
up at Trenton, and commissioners appointed
with powers TO lay out district on the Delaware
within eight miles above or below the falls,
make the necessary purchases, erect public
buildings, reserve exclusive jurisdiction, &C.
The question rs to place was revived in Con-
gress in l789-'90, with the view Of securing
central position. A site on the Susquehanna
was talked of, and finally the present District
determined on which was commonly referred
to as Conogocheague the name of the stream
between which and the Eastern branch the act
provided that the site should be selected.
The friends of the new site numbered the
names of Washington, Madison, Lee, and Car
roll, and their choice was governed by these
considerations:
|. twas not desirable that the political cap
tal should be in commercial metropolis. 1t
was necessary for the independence Of the Gov
American telegraph., 1851-05-26
Communicated

ORIGIN OF LYNCH LAw.-It is said that James Lynch,
mayor of Galway in 1885, built the choir of ST. Nicholas
killing and defrauding strangers, without martial law
This is the origin of the term Lynch Law.
| frequently see similar statements to the
above, giving the origin of Lynch law which is
become famous and favorite code for the
sovereigns in many parts of our country, What
| ever may be the merits of the codesthey are
not due to James Lynch, mayor of Galway.
Lynch law originated in Virginia, but it was
different code, and enforced under different
circumstances from the modern Lynch law,
which means no laD. Immediately preceding
and during the revolutionary war, in the from
tier counties of Virginia, the state of society
was completely unsettled and turbulent. A
gang of horse thieves and connterfeiters, ex-
tending from New York to Georgia, made Camp
bell county, Virginia. the centre of their opera
tions. The jails and court houses were remote /;
| in fact, criminals had to be taken to Williams
burg for trial This was frequently attended
with great danger, and frequently the prisoner
was rescued by gang of ruthans, and witnesses
were in some instances shot, In this state Of
interregnum, when there was no law, or circum-
stances were such that it could not be enforced,
temporary. code WAS drawn up by Major John
| Lynch, of Campbell, q law-loying and law
obeying citizen, and agreed to and signed by
his neighbors They built them a log jail and
a sort of courthouse, and for some time, indeed
until the conclusion of the war, the, arrange
ment worked most admirably No man was
| ever punished without trial, and they never in
| ficted capital punishment, never going further
than confinement and the eop-skH At the
proper time they threw aside their code for the
laws of the county. ...
Major Lynch was noted for the excellence of
his character. The above statement knog is
substantially correct. | heard it from lawyer
of high standing in Virginia, who was person
ally acquainted with Major Lynch, and who
had in his possession a copy of the laws. 1t
will thus be seen that the modern advocates of
what they call Lynch law do not get any war
rant for their lawlessness and violence from the
excellent man who is so unfortunate as to give
a name to their proceedings. Should this ac-
count meet the eye Of papers published in the
part of Virginia in which Major Lynch lived, !
have no doubt they will be able to give fuller
and more interesting account of the man and
| his code .... .... A VIRGINIAN.
American telegraph., 1851-05-26

EFFECTS OF THE EMIGRATIoN.--From the COM
mencement of the present spring emigration, it
has been subject Of remark that the emigrants
generally were farmers of better class than
those who had left in previous years. Itisnow
asccrtained that considerable portion of them
were tenants holding on leases, bound by cove
nant to pay the rents which had prevailed be-
fore the famine, and that they have, in fact,
fled the country, carrying with them the rem
nant of their property, in order to escape the
responsibilities connected with their holdings.
BY n summary legal process the landlords are
enabled to obtain possession Of lands and pre-
misses deserted under such circumstances Many
such farms are now IN the occupation of the
landlords, generally for the grazing of cattle or
sheep, and others have been let to new tenants
at a considerable abatement of rents from those
which had been charged 10 che fugitive tenants.
Irish Ddpcr
American telegraph., 1851-05-26
A PARODY OF POE'S RAVEN"
SPIRITUAL RAPpINGS.

IA poeticol poem after Ioe-tch a sharp stick
NOT BY g PEvIToR."
Once, upon midnight stormy, a lone bache-
lor attorney pondered many curious volume
of his hearts forgotten lore; while he nodded,
nearly mapping, suddenly there came tapping,
as Of some one gently rapping-rapping at his
chamber door. ''Tis the spirits I" and he started
trapping at my chamber door. Oh, for help !
I'm frightened sore!' Fey Tt
Then into his chamber fitting (not even once
permitting him to. fly into the closet, or to get
behind the door) came the ghosts of fond hearts
broken, with many ring and other token,1
and they sat them down beside him on the dusty
book -strewn foor-sat them down amid the
volumes of most venerable lore. Quoth the
lawyer, "What bore !" ss.
9 Sure it must be something serious this is
certainly mysterious-quite an advent of the
spirit-resurrection con amore. But | under
stand them Mostly Here there came rap
so ghostly, that he could no more dissemble, as
he had done heretofore, and his face grew pale
and paler as he started for the door-down he
fell upon the floor r.
Then ah then, there came clatter, and his
teeth began to chatter as the spirits gathered
round him, and accused him very sore; how,
with handsome face all smiling, and with will
ing words beguiling, he had charmed away the
senses of fair maidens by the score and each
lass had fondly fancied it was her he did adore
Qouth the lawyer '.Nevermore -
Startled at the stiffness broken by reply so
aptly spoken for the answer, strangely enough,
quite relevancy bore,) they began u noisy rap
ping-sort of spiritual clapping-which the
lawyer thought could be but fashionable en-
core; and again, as if his soul in that word he
would outpour, did he groan out sNevermore!s
Presently his soul grew stronger Hesitating
then no longer, SsOh!' said he, sdear sweet
spirits, your forgiveness ! implore. On my
knees to every ghostess who to love has played
the hostess, / will promise to recant the many
faithless things swore. Will you promise then
to leave me?" Here he pointed to the doorj
Raped the spirits, ''Nevermore!" . :
'Be that word our sign of parting" said the
hapless wight, upstarting, ellie We hence into
the darkness seek ye out some distant shore
In the noisy camp or FORUM in the lonely sane
sanctorVm, such ghostly, grim, ungainly guests
were never seen before. Leave my loneliness
unbroken." Here he opened wide the door.
Raped the spirits " Nevermore ~
SO these vixen guests of evil-spirits still,
though most uncivil-they will never leave the
lawyer, though in tears he may mplore. At
his false heart they are tapping, they are rap
ping, rapping rapping; and he wishes--ob,
how vainly that his haunted life were o'er;
and he often sighs, "0h, could but recall the
days of yore, would firt-ah, 'nevermore y
arkansas Traveller.