The Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1837-1867, 1851-12-13

last mentioned b. euinently worthy 81 your !
consideration.
The determination OF the question Of rela.
i've rank hvtwueu the sea officers aud civil
ollrers ct the navy, aud between officers Of .
the army nHh navy, 90 the various grades Of
r,rlb all Alsn MORT y0ur attention, The
failure 10 grufptu any substitute, when cor
pprI puilishment was abolished for offences
iu the navy. has otcasouud ild' ronteung OF
numerous cOurts-mArtal upon the arrival of
N,fss''ls IN port, and i believed 10 have had an
injurious elect upon the discipline and eilic-
iuniy Of the service, 10 moderate punish
mont iirH oDc grade 10 Anoiher. il among the
hHpanc reforms Ut the ages bat Ia abolish
one OF Sesrpiy' Ehigk applied % gsgeralyto
oliunges o. thp-bOhrl, aud provide nothing
~ ~ stead, i 90 suppose progress OF i'm
rAFosFinrpt ~ eaRrN indirillnni among aaanlanl
Whlch y not assumed lay the Legalaiurp ia
rsapts tlln any other elass 81 men III hop
81 sul that an fte-s Ia the ample opportnhiiy
tnsilinslsx ny sisdptescnt Session, Viii thorough
y in,esiipaie thlstwpottant suejeer asa O.,
,irtihiish ,6ial, nioslrs VI delefph6ng guilt, And
.ssssplt irah,thasSsof p,ihiShshcnt AS are ropsis
ZEN VA with humanity aud che personal riglln
iilsfaali vlduais aud AZ che same time shali cTl-
srsr the aADst eIlerfstie ADd efficient pcrtorniT
u. aaua.of dufy audit ,s sarprcssioa Of crime 10
- phv a,ome ,lo,sk a. tl,e navy yatI NJ Now
"a Nosk Rhi,aI snhlcn years " proves ~ cou-
.--Istsah'th,H, has beca 70 Gtr finished % 70 be
..isarfoudercsi up 70 the authorities ~ the yir'i
81 Tho drx dopk ~ rhilAdtl riiih u reported ~
! .ssBdlatJSl. hRSf- tseNpFpteti 70 be te-it'i
y NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. ~ Tie agcpta o. the Sow
ikrriaasan, o. 'rhHt A. portsmouth, New lamp
/. sldnaai als0nearly oreibiy 1fhr dclivctN and a
4,anfIAni, has hner eoneihdsd, agrocahig 70 the
% at tongre-r nc ~ last session ior q float-
ing acciorud ,ok on the Bay o. san Fran
ii1n.i invite yonr nnenuotl 20 the rc9on'-
tirnaaiion 81 -thr department touching lhr
s.iahIslnncut az n amy yard IN conjunction
iiNsiti tlisd0ck on th,c Pacific. Such station
hidhN' necessary ~. tie roo Vcifi,'ncc hnd
,.lli,cti vela,ss % o'n feut W tAit occan, whwh
mu,t be- cXpccted TO increase with the growth
T finmcrtc, md tho rapid rvtcivrop OF oq
~ winnie igtflirirs over ~ waters.
Tho Naval Academy az annapolis, hhlcr
'--' revised and iWprovcdsyFtcm OF regulations
.noS aii'irds opportunities OF education and m
strurtion to che pupils quite equal II Is be-
iieyrd, for professional Improvement, 10 th'sr
euny,d. Lv the cadets in the Military Acadc-
"A. hU. A large class OF acting midshipnien was
r,,ruiyad at.the commencement OF the last ac-
a,cnie torn, and a practice ship has been at
tnrhrd to the institution, to afford the hmplest
means tin regular nstrnction IN seanahship,
~ well ms for cruises during the vacnious OF
three or inir months IN each year.
'. The advantages OF icnre in nautical affairs
s.xe rarely been more strikingly illustrated
than In the fact stated IN tho riport OF the
t Navy Department, that, 10y means ofthe wind
% nnd current charts, projected, and prepared
fr .hv- Lieutenant Maury, the Superintendent of
tho Naval Observatory, the passage from the
r Atlantic N the Pa,ihe ports OF our country
has lern shortened hy about forty days.
st The estimates for the support of the Nayy
and Marine Corps the ensuing fiscal war will
ln. t6uud ~ be- sb,s56,4f2 ~, tlr- estimates
tan the current year being S5,90d62t.
nl,c estimates for special objects under the
gnntr0t or TITS Department amouri 60 : = sSB'
a 2YO SF ngaiust S2,2l o,9sO for the present
YEAR, the increase being occasiOncd by the al
,lito,ial mail service on the Pacific coast aud
aa the construction Of the dock IN California;
81 thmfze,l AZ tile last session OF congress, and
IT smVr slight atidituns iutirr. the beat OF int
IT0yVmUuts ami rrpairs IN nav! yardiI bnI'L
,ngs hnd machinery.
o. I deem Il OF niinb Importance 90 & inst q
cononty. and "a correct understanding OF naya
expenditures that thcrc should bc an ennr,
~- srraya,ion of the appropriations for the sap
port of the naval service proper from thos'
iorpernOncnt Improvements at navy ysSd
and stations and FROM ocean stcap-nail ser
aicc. AMI Other special objects assigned 10 III,
Tliit Fvfsi6H 'Tf- WITS IJTp,tFTfnTlII
'rhc report Of the Postmaster General,hcre
with communicated, presents an Interesting
r lew Of tie progress, operations aud condition
ofhis Department ~. I...
At the dose of the last fiscal year the length
ri urait-ruutcs within tho tiuitrti States VA
I9G,e9o miles; thu annual cost of such trans
GI6rtation S3,I2i,75I.
Tic length of the foreign mail routes is cs
timAtrd no 4 3l9 miles; aAd the annual trans
rportaiioa thereon at 6f5.206 miles. The an
noJ coat oe this service is 81 ,472, 81, of which
sSitsigST is paid BY the Post Office Depart
inept and 81 o23, ESQ is paid through the Ma
W Department
The annual transportation whl1. the Unit
c1I States (excludTng the service in 0aliior
a -. = h. -
time, reported and embraced lint tabular
Statements OF the DEPARTMENT. exceeds tha
OF the preceding year 6,l62, 300 miles, at AZ
increased cost of S54T,lq0. -.
The whole number of post offices in tn,
United States, on the S0th day of jane last
g was 1876. There were CPS post offices es
ptabIishcd, and 256 discontinued, duriug tho
year. ~, t,t IN, 20 s.... .-.. ..o.
- The gross revenues Of tho Department foI
the fiscal year, including the appropriation
for the franked matter Of Congress, OF the
D,partthchts, snL, Officers of Government, ant
s'Stiuaing the foEeiga, pesiase=. collected foi
and payable TO, the British post Office, amount
'l,al 10 SO, 727, 500 10. s-e-a 40
H- Tic expenditures for the same period lex
GLIDING S2S,j9s 80, paid under RH a
oSarirof~ the, 9AaiaIltoF, tn pursuance OF a res
ol6don or the last Congress, for mail SER
a-tc"oe'the7 ifio and Nissiskinfi rivers in sS2
and S33 hnd'the 'aHsOuut paid 10 the British
e- tTost office for foreign hostages collected for
nm, payable to that oiiice) amounted to Sc,
lo3l, J5G 20 leaving a balance of revenue ~
vver-the proper expenditures Of the year Of
STn32aSs9Ss t' ~
me receipts for hostages during the year
(eNrludfny the forrign hostages collected for
and PAYABLE to the British post ollice) amount
ed TO sg,3i6,74f 81, being an increase of
@997,GIo 80 or ID G5-io0 per cent over the
like receipts Tor the preceding year.
Elie reauctica ofpostage, undsr the act of
Marh,la last, dai moo taRereffsct until the com-
issReemcnt of the present fiscal year. The
accounts for tho FIRST quarter, under the OPP