Washington telegraph., 1851-12-17

succeed, upleSS IL cOHileCteu PopuiOus
points. by short line. has been reversed
by experience. Considering the railroad
and locomotive as almost revolution tor
the South. we may be pardoned tor re-
ferring to the causes which are now pro-
duciug. through their agency, such i'm
pertant social, commercial, aud political
results. Time has become an essential
element in the value of merchandise and
staple productions; for no producing re-
gio,, OF mercantile community, can adopt
a SOW aud ciscu,tous delivery, in con-
petition with others producing and vend-
ing the same articles, with greater facili-
ties for transportation than themselves.
Trave. aud postal communication now
tolerate no inpediment or delay. 1t is
impossible TO present any rule TO show
how far saor,ening the time of transit is
equivalent to positive reduction OF
freight The telegraph and express lines
everywhere well sustained, prove the
estimated v,lue Of time, the consideration
Of which gave success and dedicated to
fame Frankan aud NapoIeon,' though
this question: of time varies of course,
with the fear of competition. with the
value of the commercial subjects, and
with the relative importance Of individual
transactions. We see. from the opening
of the artificial lines. of Boston, New
York. Philadelphia and Baltimore, that
the Commercial! patronage of the interior
is immediately transferred 10 the most
rapid and direct lines Of outlet and inter
communica ion 1t is thus, that the
great cities Of the north have successfully
penetrated the interior with artificial
lines OF trade. until they have taken from
the open aut untaXed current Of the Mis-
sissippi, the commerce produced upon its
borders. Iaese great artificial outlets
have been Competing among themselves
for the cousnerce of the interior, until
now they no. only offer superior certainty,
and reduced time of delivery. but they
offer upon many articles cheaper freights
than many of the river and coast routes.
We coudense the following from New
Orleans paper, WHICH exhibits the fevers-
ing of the natural current of trade result
ing from the construction of the great
artifcia! lines referred TO:
"For years past, cotton has gone up
the Ohio river rom Tennessee, through
the PeuusylvaHia and New York onna!s.
10 the factories in the interior Of those
phia aud New York; one shipmen: last
September. Of upwards OF 7G0 bales, from
Louisville via the Ohio and New Y ork
canals, to New York city The freights
were less than by the way of New
Orleans, and the difference in exchange
and insurance was near per cent. IN
favor OF the northern route.
The amount of cotton that passed up
the Ohio last year, is estimated at &C, 600
bales. This season nearly all the bo AIS
from Teruessee and Cumberland rivers,
bound up the Ohio, are freighted more or
less with cotton The packets between
Memphis aud Louisville, aud CINCINNATI,
take cotton up the river nearly every
trip
Tobacco from the lower Ohio, aud
that raised in Chio aud Kentucky, ab1ve
Cincinnati, including the celebrated Ma
sou county tobacco, nearly all goes by
the way Of the canals ard railroads, to
the eastern markets. The difference in
the cost of transportation from Louisville
to New York, is 81 or So per hid, IN
favor Of the northern route, while the
article escapes the sweat which it under
goes, in passing through the Southern
lalitudes.
Grain is now carried from the Wabash
to New York, by the canals, at the same
cost of freight as is charged by the way
oil New Orleans. BY the northern route
they incur no waste. nor risk of damage
by heating, aud save the cost Of sacking
rhe lard, pork, and flour, from the same
region, take the same direction. la au-
tumn. Ohio. Illinois. and Indiana, are
flooded with eastern bank notes. advanced
on produce TO be shipped by the way ol
the canals in the spring.
These moneyed facilities are working
wonders, and are doing as much TO draw
of the trade from the Mississippi. as the
cauals and railways which eastern capita!
is constructing.
All the lead from the upper Mississippi
Low goes east, by the way OF M;lwau'
kie, but the most astonishing change III
the northwestern trade, is The Number ol
s,eamers that now descend the Upper
Mississippi, loaded to the guards with pro-
duce, as far as the mouth OF the illinois
river, aud then turn up that stream with
cargoes to be shipped to New York, via
Chicago.
The Illinois canal has not only swept
the whole produce along The llne OF the
Illinois river, TO the east, but Is drawing
the produce from the Upper Mississippi
through the same channel; thus taking
from New Orleans and St. Louis, rich
portion of the trade which they once en-
joyed.
70 this we add the fact that large
quantities of corn have been shipped
from Iowa the present year, down the
Mississippi. along the Illinois canal BY