New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-06-07
OREGON
Oreeon-Tts First Settement-Land Bill-houth
of the CoIumbia-Shoal Water and Bakers
Rav-FiSherieS &c.

The settlement of Oregon, IN lis com
mencoment has been peculiar The FIRST em.srants
from the United States after traverse OF two thou
sand miles through desert and hostile colntfy-a.-
ter hardships and perils almost incretoie-reached
the interior Of Oregon. and there. In lis fertile pra-
ries commenced their settlement. But little, at That
time was known OF lis coast It's rivers ana harbors
had not been explored. and the only means o, COM
municatlon with the States was that afforded by
trappers, traders and other emigrants. They were
literally expatrated. The United States held no Ju-
risdiction over the country. Great Britain, equally
with the United States. claimed she terniory' but
the undisputed right to the soil was then and l. s IN
free and independent Indian tribes The early set
tiers by possessing themselves of the country pre-
pared the way for that admirable aduStmcnto y which
the United states and Great Britain decided their IT.
Specye claims to the country, and established their
boundaries.
II seems but simple Justice that the first settlers
should be secured m portion Of land. without pflce,
and thCui any re>tTic ton Whatever Many oi tdeh,
probably most Of them. have sold their FIRST improve
ments 20 less experienced and determined pioneers.
and arc now explorers or have just commenced a
new settlement They have paid noble price for
all they VIII GET from the Government and are rch-
rs entitled 20 their scrt0H to be a. AZ their dis
posal, without what they term tour years impuS-
Onment.
Unlike other countries settled by the whites, Ore
con. FOR the reason mentioned. had rs commence
ment in the interior. and It's coast. harb0r. Sc are
a yet but partially explored There are mere With
out doubt great Inducements TOR enterprise ana
great resources Of wealth. but fortune cannot be
secured here IN 4 dav. nor without patient ana perSe
verIng industry. Let not the emigrant be deceived
Oregon Is not land naturally flowing with milh anu
honey. nor is It IN the least exempt from the trials
and prvatiOnS incident to every new country, and IN
additions the common evils II has the plague OF the
golp mania within ITS borders and the banc OF Land
Bill wh,hifnot modified will prove injurious to ITS
best interests. It's climate Is genial us SOL good ana
ITS position, for new country, almost unp-ecedent-
cdy advantageous.
The Columbia is It's great rver-the Mississippi of
IFS great valiey-and ITS mouth the natural location
for ITS great port OF commerce, IS now attracting
much attention. II possesses attractions, IN and OF
itself, OF no common occurrence, without contep-
plating il as the location OF great commercial me-
jropos.
The entrance into shoa-Water Bay is situated
about thirty miles nom IFS mouth ON the norm Inc
entrance into tins Bay not considered good, though
vessels have entered n the last winter IA search OF
oysters for the san Francisco market Extensive
beds were found and the vessels irelghted with The
luxury. ShOa- Water Bay without contains an ex-
tenSye oysicr-hsher miles of ITS bottom are repre-
scented as being imbcdted with their banks, and so
thickly they matted together that IT Is lmp2>NiSe
for them TO attain a large size, I'll the beds are
thinned though in the creek and mouths of some OF
its small rivers. they have been found of large size.
The flavor OF the oysters found IN THIS BAY IS excel
lent and the quantity IS sufficient to supply al Can
ioTnia and Oregon
The Bay, immediately after the entrance, pene-
trates to the South forming with the Ocean pe0ln-
to q mile and a halt IN width. This Peninsula IS
mostly prairie land, inerspersed with asuicency OF
timber, and is most beautiful and picturesque loca-
ton.
As Shoa-Water widens towards the South and
East It approaches within about FIVE miles Of Bakers
Bay. Nature 10y capes or soughs, mas nearly con-
structed a canal uniting the two Bays. The portage
now, does not exceed three-hundred yards. In few
wears the two bayS viii be united into one, 10y Canal
communication, and Shoal-Nater Bay. with ITS
wealth IN oyster and other fisheries, Will be easy
of access TO the Columbia and s widespread valley.
ChennOOk point, situated at the eastern extremity
OF Baker, Bay Is of Importance as salmon fishery,
and though the river al this time abOunds with sal
mon of a very superior quality the white inhabitants
must be content 10 DO without them, Tor there are no
fishermen except the Indians and they through Sill
per uhon. believing the fish Will leave the nyor IN
case they rdnsgrCss, VIII not sell 20 the whites I'LL
salmOn-beue, are ripe.
company Of experienced fishermen would find
the mouth OF tho Columbia an advantageous SIT
uatlOn, and would receive rich compensation for
their labor but aii Who ciuprdte TO OREGON may
pect % frd new and wild country, AM to ainass
wealth labor and industry are ccssary. About SIX
~ miles up the coast nom ShOdl-N alter Bay the
ChahaeS River enters the Pacific through GreyS
Harbor or Chehaies Bay There Is settlement on
this river sixty mikes from ITS mouth. The valley OF
the river SAID to Pc fertile and ccdingy pleasant,
but al present is difficult Of access Within teW
months settlement has been commenced at us
mou'hsard ere the season is closed It's expected
road VIII be constructed from the Chahdles settle
ment TO the mouth Of the Columbia.
4 great quantity OF ram has fallen during the past
has been far. tie sun warm and The air delightful
but for the most part day after day, and week after
week. It has been ram ram, though nothing which
the Newly Orker would donOmlnaie cold.
The discovery Of gold n the Klamath country, IN
the southern part of the Territory Is producing and
VIII continue TO produce deleterOus effect on the
condition of the country The announcement that
gold had been obtained IN large quantities on the
Klamath and Rogue river entlced from all c asses
large proportion OF the population. Towns were
deserted, and the farmer abandoned his occupation,
he 10 meta [ L. ALI
iorna, and the gold region OF Oregon "a far as dis
covered, Is sWannlng with people hundreds OF |
whom are destitute, and with their utmost exertlons,
undergoing day by day hafdshlps "hich are almost /
Incredible, barely able 10 keep themselves, with
all they Go, from actual starvation. \ few are
Fortunate but with the multitude It IS hopeless, des-
pairing misery. The story OF WreicheIneSs and |
plnchlng want which have fallen on the thousands /
who have sought and seeking wealth IN the gold /
regions Of the Pacific, Is yet TO be told. Gold Is |
fOund-lt gItterS-lt attractsbut misery and despair
predommate. Ii IS supposed that but little more |
than half the products will be produced IN Oregon
this season that would have been had not gold been
discovered within her borders The real and certain
IS deserted for that which satsheth not and al best
Is only an imaginary good Labor can make Oregon |
beautiful, land overlooking with good things -
gold of itself never can The evil may destroy It.
self, and the discovery Of CO. IN California may |
teach nan the knowledge OF wisdom.
The emigration TO Oregon tbs season VIII doubt
less be great from the states and The numbers that
Will pour IN rom the gold mines Will be still greater
Provisions viii be scarce, labor may be high, but
few Will be able TO find employment and want and
suffering must be the result The crops N Cal,tOr-
Ma wall fan, because there has been little there
vii be little comparatively raised Ia Oregon for want
OF cultyaioTs-the mines have swallowed up aH
Tie Land bLl IN is present form Is another
evil. with which Oregon has to contend. II might
have been so framed a. 10 have been productive Of
coed. It Is, It's effects viii be otherwise not that
II gives too much land 20 the settlers but that binds
too much on the back Of one man for too long time.
man. to MAKE hi> title good, must reside upon his
section or hali-sectlOn and cultivate for four
SecuiTe years ne must keep Il for MS OWN Use AND
CULTIVATION. The evils resulting from the Oregon
Land-U u. II lis provisions fully carried into oper
alton, VIII oe-a population too sparse for social and
educational Purposes large part % the most fer
tie portions OF ihe territory vii. FOR years, remain
urCullvaieu ard OF USE 70 no one IL prevents the
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