The Lancaster gazette. (Lancaster, Ohio) 1846-1852, 1851-12-11

oi Congress Il
| The sgric ,lturaI land. shonll. howryer. hr sur
veyed and brought into market with A. little de
lay ~ possible that the tiles may become settled,
aud the inhabitants stimulated IN make prrma-
neDi improvements. a'd enter the ordinary |
/ pnrsnils oi HE. To effect these uhieris il j. de
.irabe that the necessary provisions he made hy (
law fur the establishment of land offices in Cali
fnrnis and Oregon. and TOR the efficient prosecu.
ton orihe surveys At IN early dnv.
Some difficulties have occurred in organizing |
THE Territorial governments nf Now Mexico and
Utal aud when more accnraie information shall
he ohianed II The CAUSES further cOminunlca
ton will he made nr tnat subject
Iu my last annual communication to Congress
recommended the establishment nf an Asricnliu-
raj Burea. and take this occasion again t" invoke
iyour favorable consideration or the subject
! Agriculture NAV instly be regarded rs The great
Interest Of our people Fnnr filihs ofnnr active
population are ennnyed ir the cultivation of the
soil aud the rapid expansion ~ our settlements
over new territory j. daily adIiug tn the number
of thnse engaged 10 that vocatinn Justic. and
sound pnliry. therefore. alike require that the
Government should use Ill the means authorized
Iby the Constitution ~ prum0te the Interests and
welfare nj that important class "t our fellow cili.
zens Aud yet il is singular fact hat. whilst
the manufacturing aud commercial interests have
portion Of every session. aud our statutes abnund
in prnyisinns for their prut-clion nd encourage
meut little ias yet been don directly iur tile
advancement ri agriculture. II - time that this
rrprOarh 10 our legislation should he removed: ana
I sincerely hope that tine present Congress will
not cu.s their ial,urs wilIinut ado ting efficient
means to supply the omissions Of tbose who pre-.
.crded them
An Agricultural Bureau charged with the duty
of collecting and disseminating correct lni"rina
ton as To the best modes of cultivation. and OF
the most eilectual means Of preserving and re-
storing the fertility ni The soil and Of procuring
and distributing seeds AID pliut, and other vege-
table productions. with instructions in regard u
the soil. climate. aud lrea'meut best adapted a.
their growth, could not El 10 be-, in the language
Of Washington ia lIs last annual message tU Con-
. g.esS Fl ''yery cneap instrument Oi immense ma.
p lioual benefit"
/ Reeatdug the act Of Congress approved 2sth
E September, 1850. granting bounty lands TO per
: suns who had beeu engaged in the military SER
gice of tine country. rs great mesure ni nallon-
/. al Justice and nuuiicence, anxirus desire has
II been felt by tie officers entrusted with ts imme
1 date execution. tn give prompt effect 20 its pro
visions. All the means within their control were
therefore brought into reqGisitlun to expedite the
2. adj iudcaliJn oi claims, and | am srh'iled L
H. be able 10 state that near one hundred Thousand
lie application, have been considered. and abou
H. seventy thousand warrants issued within the shpr
IS space ui nine months. II adequate provision be
made by law 10 carry into ehcc, the recommend
ie ations Of tue Department. II is confidently ex
IS pecied that before the close Of the next hsca
Is year all who entitled 10 tue benefits OI the
r. oct Will dave received their warrants.
The Secretary u tie inieri"T ihas suggested IN
g his report various amendments ol the laws rela
ct IN pensions aud bounty land, ipr tile purpose
4. OF more eiiecuai.y guarding agginsi abuses and
Il. frauds on lie Gjyrrnmeut, tj oil Of which
L. invite your partlcHdr attention
Ir The large acce s,iOus to our Indian population
Of consequent upon the acquisition Of New Mexico
- aud California aud tue extension OF our settle
'e ueuts into Utah and Oregon have given lucreaset
e interest and importance 10 our relations witn tin
aboriginal race.
in No material change has taken place, within tn
Z. i4st year il the condition aud prospects OF the iu
lis dian tribes who reside in the Northwestern Tel
IN ritury aud west Of lhe Miss is1ppi river. w
be are nt peace with all Oi them; anI 1t Will be
rs source pleasure tu you to learn that they ar
IL gradually advancing in civilization aud tile pun
suits Of social lie.
It. Along the Mexican frontier and in CaliIorni
IN aud Oregon there have been uccaslnnll maui es
lie titions Of uuIrrndiy leellng, and Sums depreda
10 lions committed. atn satisfied, however. tina
luey Resulted more rom tllS ucsltutS e'h'
ch ing condition ol the Indians than from any settle
he hostility toward the whites. As tue settlement
.u- of our citizens progress towards Them tue gam
Or. upon which they mainly rely for Subsistence
driven uti ur destroyed, and the only aternatv
be lett to them is starvation or plumber. II become
nj us to consider in view ui this cUudliun oi Thing
ea- whether justice aud humanity, as well as an e
EN- liahteued ecunoiny, do not require that. ils'ea
I'M. ui seeking To punish them lur offences which al
ion the result OF our uwu policy towards lhem' "
uf should not provide Tor their lnlnediite wants al
us. encourage them to engage ia agriculture. and
,r rely on heir labor instead ui Tie chase, Tor 1
ere means OF support.
the Various important t9elties have been nes"ti
uu- ed with different tribes during the year, by WIN
So their title to large aud valuable tracts ui count
st has been exug guished, all Ul which will at 1
list. proper time, Le submitted 10 the Senate Tor
ent tiiil alton.
, of The Joint commissioner under the treaty
sed Guudiilpe Hidalgu has been actively engaged
sed running and narking the OOundaly ne Oei~e'
ion the United States and Mexico. Ii Was stated.
nfs the last annual report u tue Secretary OF the
nm terror that the initial point on the Pacific aud Il
point Of junction of tie GiA with the Co"rl'
ior. river had been determined. aud the Intervene
ire. line, about one huuired aud tily miles III iensl
! of run aud marked by temporary monuments. Stu
that time a monument ui III rble has been erect
Bile At the initil point aud permanent laudmuIks
hat iron have been placed at suitable distances dlo
in. the line.
,ich The initial point ON tue Rio Grande has al
the been fixed by the commissioners at latitude
n deg - min, and at the date ut the last cuinu
ing uicatiun the survey Of tue line had been ma
Y of thence westward about one hundred aud n
miles 10 the neighburhuod OF tile copper mines
ON. The commission on our part was at hrst org
for lied on "a scale which experiences proved 10
or. lunwieliiy aud attended with unnecessary
,,. peuse. Orders have, therefore, been issued
ues lhe reduction uf the number Oi persons emp'oy
,rul. within the smallest limits, consistent with
wis. safety oil those engaged in tue service aad
tenn prompt nd efficient execution of their import
ury. duties.
nro Returns have been received from all the 0liiC
ion engaged ia taking the census IN the States
mia. Territories except CaliUruil. Tue Superln
II of deut employed In make tue enumeration M
in State has not yet mldr his full report, from ca
,nsa as he alleges, beyond his control. This tai
for is much regretted It has prevented the Sc
lnt tary Of the Interior from making tue deceu
per- upportioument uf representatives among
nm. States as required by the act approved May
Ii of 1850. II is hoped, huwever that the returns
we're soon be received aud no time will then bo
heir i'll making the necessary nppOrtnnment. anI
will transmitting tue certificate required by law.
f the The Superintendent Ut the Seventh Gems
diligently employed, under the direction "l
acts Secretary of the Interior III classifying ANA
n fill ranging M tabular form, all the statistical illoI
On to lion derive from the leturs OF the mlrshhS'
nm oG it is believed that when the work shall De q
great pleted it will exhibit a more perfect view o'
=; ,,,,,,;,n ,,,anlth occuDutiuus, HlI1 social Co