davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-09-30

rcgaru,css vi al c,YGa,4s-u.
have not the honor of being .u.m-
ber of that Convention. The cxpc-
diency Of secession is a question
which cannot come within The scope
of those duties which you have con
Stided to me as q member Of Congress.
As q member of Congress I cannot
bc called upon to vote On that cues
ton. It's one exclusively belonging
Ito the Convention. But it is also
true, that The propricty Of secession
without regard to the course Of the
other Southern States, was not dis.
scusscd pending the election for Con
gress and the legislature, which took
place in October last. In the public
discussion which 7 heard, and in
which | took part, l heard but very
few express opinions in favor cf tie
secession Of South Carolina alone,
without regard to tic action Of the
other States. l think Tic subject
was not discussed before the people,
and that their Judgment was neither
exercised nor formed upon it. SO,
also, in relation to the calling Of a
Convention by the Legislature. I'm.
til after the session began, ! heard
nothing Of it, and / think nothing
was heard Of it by the people. /
should have been most happy TO have
had the opportunity of offering my
opinions Of these measures before the
Judgment Of the State was made M.
when they might have entered into
ITS deliberations for the little thcy
may be worth. A Congress of the
Southern States, thought, was then
looked and nothing else looked to.
until its results should be known.
y cannot, even now, regard the
action Of the Legislature, and Of the
people Of South Carolina, as indica,
ing q determination to scccdc from
The Union, whatever other States
nay think proper to do. | should,
consequently, have deemed it my dn,
~ y &c silent, until the period for
the n:etlng of the convention ar.
spfnacAad, ! conld then have been
better able to determine what would
= be eAncdlent to do. The events Of
the summer and autumn will, as |
think, throw much light on the great
issue before us. | shoull gladly
have awaited those events Uclore The
final judgment Of the State was made
up. Undcr these circumstance |
cannot hope that my opinions can bo
of any avail in assigning any "pary'
to- South Carolina. b 1t is enough
that you wish to know my opiuiJns
upon a measure Of public pelicy,
even though il be t9rcgonc concln.
sion. | have no selfish motive to
withhold sich opiniona, as [ have no
ting TO losc by expressing them. |
nevcr1 50 sht uiIicc- have lie cy
saon.thc 'i'iy w,lci wtpildlhavc hcll
an office III tel' tie la@tcrQl fioyqra.
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-09-30

vehement and mScneyous u.alu:al,..
IL the Northern States and III Con.
grcss. They are wcI!.iounici com.
pantS-acts that arc palpable viola.
tons of the Constitution, and would,
in ny opinion, any one OF them, irs,
tiy the secession Of the Southern
States. They impair the security
and the value OF slaves. The cXl &
rcncc Of eight years utanxious ho; g
and apprehension, have brought me
to the conclusion, that these com
plants Will never be removed or re
dressed by amy exercise Of the means
provided by the Constitution. How
can South Carolina reform public
opinion in Massachusetts or Ohio :!
By what potent instrument can Sic
dlScnchant the public opinion Of the
North. or break the spell which holds
~ absolute sway, the iMtcIlcc. Of the
North Oar appeals to their justice
have been undecided, and our rcmon,
stranccs contcnucd. We cannot G..s.
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The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-09-30

~ rs TIC fIGros;,!on Of ltutsrisc ,liat
! "ei-''Hc iarGe cnongE q maintain
." ~irIe!.acut government. :an be
r".'ca",'..'y 'T,!S'G, + itriygd Eam
duties on the entire import Of South
Carolina. We have demonstrated
in what manner, and to what extent,
a rate of duty Of only u ID per
cent, producing S1,2oo,O0O annu-
ally, the sum required by Rutlcdgc,
would change the distribution of her
capital invested in agriculture. We
have intimatcd that such a duty
changing first, to a limitod extent,
the peculiar industry Of this State
would progressively reach the great
mass Of her exports, reactins again
on her agriculture. The steps by
which such change would be effect.
ed, it would be instructive and useful
to trace clearly to comprehend the
result of SO important an elaboration
OF our fiscal system.
We have supposed that a duty of
Y II per cent, OIL our imports from
the north estimated at between seven
and eight millions Of dollars, would
be countervailed by an equal rate of
duty on South Carolina products.
falling principally on cotton. If South
Carolina cotton paid that duty, d.
minishlng tho price one cent per
pound, on all the cotton raised in
South Carolina for northern consumn.
ton, it would reduce the interest ono
per cent on her agricultural invest.
mcnt, on an average price Of s cents
per pound, provided she continued
the intercourse on these terms. This
she would not do, under tho induce
mcnts to change part Of this invest,
ment, from the enhanced price OF
Northern products, paying a duty Of
Il II per cent. The culture would
be changed from Cotton to Provisions
under which, VIC will suppose a mo
dcratc stimulus. At the end of q
S"oAs l'StIoN thtoS ASiiilSSs SOR Inc On
ports, and thence on tho imports,
would be attended by q reduction in
the amount of revenue raiscd from
the latter, The rate of dntYswould
perhaps, have 20 bo raised from / 3
II to fifteen per cent to produce
the required sum Of ST 200, 900.
This increase of duty wonld operate
as an additional stimulus to extend
tho culture Of Provisions, and limin,
ish that of Cotton, from tue motive
that moro can be made by tho one
node of industry than the other. In
q short time the whole Of Tint nor
ton of the supply that had beer
raised for northern consumption.
$4,000 bales viii disappear. The
necessity of continued increase ii
the rate ofdpty, to supply the rcani
site amount Of revenue, will atlcnail
reach that portion of the sunpls
| which forms tho inairect trade be
tween South Gafolina and tho north
furnishing, exchange fos our northei1-
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-09-30

RaTHER licE st man consulted es,u
of our lawyers:tiie &C tIay, In a cass,
dwlehdal not lock ayaeil right si, iiis s,ygs, s
si,'e. Af,ef he llsa ibid Ills siasY, I'D said 81
there npw,yyon have the fact 3 ,sI want YOU
10 iiS them up in good shape, ms! III ANS I,
tlalsetoess are naeded. just put ,linln il. To-
5snit yourself -
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-09-30

never be passed by slave, SO long
as It should boa foreign State. We
have already abeen excluded from
California, and Utah, and New
Mexico,lbysthe unconstitutional and
UNJUST legislation Of Congress, and
shall we nov permit ,our own iniat-
uation to exclude us from. the rest of
the pworld? Heaven save us from
such insanity. qag! a,,rss i. .,-
secession would not place us in a
better position for Tie recovery of ru.
gitiYe slaves, Of for spreading our
slave population over other countries,
but would intcrposc insurmountablc
obstacles to both, would it invest us
with moro cffcctual means of rcprcs-
sing the fanaticism f.thc Northern
States? am incapable of fpcrceiyinc
any such effect. No, gentlemen, no;
it will require the resources and en-
ergies gilmore than one of the slave
holding States to quiet this wicked
.agltatlon, Or to resist its fatal innu
encc. The strongest governments
in christcndom, France, and Sweden,
and Great Britain, have sbccn made
to yield up their beautiful Islands
in the West Indies, to utter desola-
ton. to appcasc the fury of this
demon. *I'he Spanish West India
Islands and Brazil. arc now tho only
civilized countries on tho earth,
beside these Southern States,
in which, slavery exists, md the
fourth Of a century will not leave n
vcstigo of it in either of them. And
VIC must be-, wise to escape their
doom at no distant day. With these
consequences before us;swould it be.
wise, to resort to secession, against
tho views and wishes &C all those
States: that are boundsin&a common
The Sumter banner. [volume] (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, 1851-09-30
rs. y. E,ss Am CHS, Esroprietor.
Pc L ICAL
..1.1i,kcEHlEs
Z oli TIE


: aH ON HsNaIsT'EAEp fsUssT.
ieastlf II have received the
mmunleation you did me tho honor
\ 70 addrcss to, me, in tho 1bbeoiNc
3dRnes,, and seize the earliest mo-
Sslaenti 70 >n,nIly with your request,
$atkatl should. reply through that pa
sper,
ou are not mistaken in supposing
thai g mighty crises impcnds over
The Southern States. The position
of Our own beloved State is eminent
Ely4crit;cal South Carolina has nc.
greater need of the wisdom,
! md Yalor, and affection of her sons,
than at the present moment. Most
sincerely do I hope that every man.
her borders, feels as kccnly
as yourselves, the deepest solicitudc
forher honor and her welfare. For
one, | am sensible Of obligations to
hcr, which my poor service can ne
yer repay, and I intend tc do my
duty, and my whole duty TO her, in
the present juncturc.
You inform nc, that your solici-
tude for tho State induces You to in.
qulro Of me, as your Representative
in Congress, what part is to be as
signed to her in tho great contest
which awaits The Southern States.
| had supposed the position of South
Carolina already defined and deter.
mined, both by the Legislature and
the people. lad supposed the ar
glmcnt exhausted and the debate
forc "'csal. a Convention vas
Southern standard. [volume] (Columbus, Miss.) 1851-1856, 1851-12-27
Professor j. CrawfOrd's Lecture.

We had the pleasure of listening to the Lecture de-
vered by the gentleman whose name heads this arti-
Gle at the Meth odst Church. Friday evening last
in this city. There was very respectable audience
present, and we have doubt but all who heard the
Professor felt, as we did-that their time had been
proftably employed. The Lecture was luminous and
varied full of deep rich thought, happily conceived
and eoquenty expressed 1t is part of our inten-
ton review the positions assumed or to eriticise the
doctrines put forth by the Lecturer. While we may
differ with him in regard minor points, we are
pleased at being able say that the great staple the
essential elements of the effort fully met our approba-
ton, We do wish that every parent or guardian in
the community could have been present. There were
thoughts thrown forward which, from their pertinan-
cy and direct application have arrested attention
And we are disposed to think that unless some evi-
dences of reformation in teaching manifest itself
that people really prefer the glitter and evanescen
to the solid and practical We for thorough
ovation of the present stung SYSTEM, and ere long
it is intention to expose it, and those who uphold
and defend it. We take to ourselves credit in
having on another field done some essential service tc
then patrons, in exposing of the "new sys.
tems and it may be- that similar labor is before US il
this communicative shall not shrink from 1t. Will
gentleman before of the capacity and experience
of Professor Crawford, we shall move forward to ou
duty with more confidence than ever.
On previous occasion we noticed the Professor al
Teacher. His Lecture here but confirms to our read
ers that spoke by the card-as desiring to mis-
lead no man. It's useless to say If our read
desire to send their to practical teacher, lie
them examine Mr.. Crawford's card in our advertising
columns
Southern standard. [volume] (Columbus, Miss.) 1851-1856, 1851-12-27

dence that whiqgery proper in Mississippi is dead and
that effort upon the part of its old northern allies,
can resuscitate.
The State Rights wings adhere to their principles
they are opposed the tariff upon principle and they
will hereafter oppose all schemes designed to rob the
treasury revenues, for the purpose of spending
the money at the North to build up the factories and
workshops cleaning out their harbors and lighting
up their coasts Being wholly unwilling to aid Sec
ton that denies to the South equal participation in the
benefits accruing from the acquisition Of common ter
ritory and unfavorable to that construction of the
constitution which takes from the federal treasury the
monies arising from indirect taxation and apply 1t to
the purchase of slave territory with the view of MAX
ing such territory free soil they are opposed to
all systems that fails to equaze the benefits, as well
as the burthens, of government and they will stand
by the party in the South which adheres infeXiby to
these doctrines They less disposed to seek party
anities than identity ofprnciPle and they have as
little identity now with the federal wing the True
Democrat has. The State Rights wing is a Jefferson
Democrat, and the Democrat who disavows the doc
trine of Jefferson and Madison, is Federalist in the
broadcast sense of the term If then, the Democracy
rally upon Principle, looking to its establish
ment than organizations projected alone to misead
and delude the People, the True State Rights Wing
will stand to his color, and do battle for his principles
No syren song of Erpediency draw from the adj
vocacy, openly and boldly of the doctrines of the State
Rights party We w neUer consent to the sacrifice o.
those noble and patriotic wings who, faced like men
the calumny, personal vituperaton, and malicious as
saults upon their love ofcounryther sense of justice
and ardent desire for simple Republican equality il
this confederacy. They had the manliness to raise
their voices amid the storm of misrepresentation
obquity face the knavish cry of disunion, and tt
hazard their political future, in they held to b.
righteous. To abandon such men, that the storm
has past in opinion, crime little short of trea
son-it is social treason and for one, we will hazar
our all in contest, Should one arise) in defence
them. We cannot mount any platform upon which
our State Rights wing friends fail to find broad stead
footing. Acknowledging to the fullest extent, tn
political rights of others, determined to emplo
all our humble in obtaining the assertion of sue
principles as we hold to be wholly satisfactory to tn
party we have therefore, represented. five fail in hs
the fault shall not be chargable to If we fall on
position will become that of an earned Neutral an
is possible may render the present political quie
tude ofsevera sleepies less comfortable than it is
present,
Southern standard. [volume] (Columbus, Miss.) 1851-1856, 1851-12-27
State InterpositiOn-Th Right to Judge.

In continuation of the subject which heads this
article, we present to-day evidence cotemporane-
Gus with the adoption and formation of the con-
stitution, showing that the power to decide cues
tons arising between the authorities of the State
and National Governments, was not conferred by
that instrument, on the Supreme Court. Under
this head shall offer, LIST, the testimony of AL
exander Hamilton, who though honestly opposed
to the rights of the States in the convention that
framed our constitution, and in favor of strong
consolidated government, was yet statesman OF
the first magnitude He was the friend, counsellor
and aid of Washington in the stormy period of war
the coadjut and adviser of Madison, especially
in the convention that framed our consttution--and
to his luminous pen and undoubted patriotism, are
we more indebted, for the compromise of conflicting
opinions, which produced the ratification of that
Constitution, than to any single mind engaged in
the arduous struggle.
To purity of character never excelled, was
added, in him mind deeply profound in strength
and learning-as acute in perception, as brilliant
in decoraton-and taken altogether, we doubt,
whether the pen of the faithful historian after the
prejudices of party shall have died away, will re-
cord the history of his equal in the annals of our
Republic.
To his pen the nation is indebted for most of
the numbers of the Federalist, a work quoted APP
provlngly by every department of our National
and State Governments, and generally regarded as
mainly conducive to the ratification of the Consti
tuition by the people of the respective States.
1t affords US pleasure thus to speak of one to
whom we have ever been politically opposed, not
so much to offer our feeble tribute to his memory
as patriot, to rebuke the spirit of prescription
which induces many scribblers, as ignorant of his
true character as of the civil and political history
of their country, to indulge in the lowest and most
vulgar bilingsgatc at the very mention of hisname
1t is true he the very antpode of our political
idol, the immortal Jefferson, in the formation Of
our government, but let it never be forgotten by
the idle rever that afterthe adoption Of that form
Southern standard. [volume] (Columbus, Miss.) 1851-1856, 1851-12-27

the policy of acquiescence, even before the ido.
had occurred to the Wing party Of seizng unon
the Union movement for purely partisan purposos
throughout the late canvass the columns Of II.
naber were faithfully devoted to the advocacy 20
that policy. The sincerity of the editors conv;o
tons is not, therefore, to be impugned.
He sees now that the only effect of further aoi
tation must be TO divide and distract the Deneoo
cratic party, and thus throw political power in,,
the hands of the Wings. Like every good Dem
ocrat, he considers that this result would jnvoIT,
evils of great magnitude, and such as the mos
strenuous exertions should be made to avoid A.
it is utterly absurd to say, that the Union now
in the slightest danger if it ever were in s
peril. the editor of the Republican has not falaa
to see what must be apparent to every discerning
mind that none other than the most selfish par9
motives are at the bottom Of the efforts to continp
the late divisions among the Democracy Of tba
State Those efforts are made by Wings alone
That fact should be conclusive with every Union
/ Democrat The people, acting in their SOVEREIGN
CAPACITY, have settled the policy of the State ,,
to the compromise measures-it is one of aeoui
escence. We know of no Democrat who seeks II
reverse that decision. Such, We are sure is M,
the object of any member of the Southern Rights
party All obstacles then to cordial union Of
the Democracy having passed away, with the
causes which produced them we called unon
by the highest considerations TO rally around our
old standard, and bear it on to victory. That fag
is Justly endeared to every true Democrat by
thousand glorious recollections and surely no rDe
hearted man will desert it now. Hereafter, as
heretofore, we feel assured that the Democracy Of
the State to look to it, Gin all assaults, their sur
signal" and in the true spirit of triumphant SOL
derv, rush to its rescue.
The prospect of this re union, so cheering to the
Democracy is gall and woTmwood to the WhieS
They will move heaven and earth to prevent it
Already do the columns of their papers TEEN with
Iinsidious advice to the Union Democrats As the
ranks of our party close up, their desperation viii
increase Letno Democrat take fright at thereon
tortons We have a great duty before us to per-
form-one which involves the permanency of Dem
ocratic principles IN Mississippi; and surely when
so much is at stake, no Democrat viii take coun-
sci of the enemy, and basely shrink from meeting
fully, the high obligations he is under, to his par
tv and the country.
Southern standard. [volume] (Columbus, Miss.) 1851-1856, 1851-12-27
The Moral Influence of Democratic PrlDciDIes

Recent developments have exposed the moral ind1-
ence and extracted from the lips of those previously
opposed the highest eulogums upon the virtue and be-
nihence ofthe principles of Democracy. The recent
recommendation to Congress by Mr.. Fillmore to re-
peal the dd Ua0re, and introduce the specific principle
into our tariff system, and otherwise amend the law OF
1886 has brought several converts to the doctrines
oil Free Trade We have heard old friend, G. R.
Clayton say that he shall oppose hereafter all tariffs
tor protection unjust to the South 1t is known to
Our readers that Mr. Clayton has consistently opposed
the doctrines OF the Democracy for years past and
with pleasure that bear testimony the zeal and
ability with which ne asopposed his influence to their
spread-an influence the result of conviction of
Their perncious effect than the result of facous and
contentious sprit-and now that he has given in his
approval to Free Trade doctrine is it strange that
we should rejoice conversion which brings in its
train much moral and political worth This is real
tribute the benifcence of that doctrine; an ack-
nowedgement of its practicabity political meas
ure; carrying into all departments of business
justice and equality. This is sign of the times.
We have heard that Col Jos. B. Cobb, has also in
tmated, if he has not openly avowed, hostility to the
doctrine ofspeeifcs" and protection true, and this
Is town talk learn, is another sign of the times
We have named these two gentlemen because they
have both been prominent politicians and their opn
ions heretofore we known to our readers and
hence the use have made of their names is appa-
rent The old wing or properly, the federal par
ty, is in transition state 1t is moving by "paralles,
toward the Baltimore Democratic National conyen-
tion It remarkable fact that scores of the bitter
wings in the State ready declare themselves
in favor of the nomineeof that convention and the
strife between them and the moderate portion of the
Democracy is likely to dwindle down to 'who are the
best Democrats We hear daily on our streets the
assertion, that the wings willing to support the
Democratic nominees of the National convention for
the first and second offices, requiring nothing but
pledge that the Compromise shall be regarded f.
nality This is setting the doctrines of the wing par
tY aside, without why wherefore. 1t is an evil
Southern standard. [volume] (Columbus, Miss.) 1851-1856, 1851-12-27
,itb the reaectinr mon of both parties.n

with the rejecting men Of both Parues
We could multiply extracts from these eminent
statesmen-but lest we should be tedious to our
readers we will take our leave of the subject for
this week, promising in our next short review oil
the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions and the
answers of the States thereto, together with the
respective Reports made in reply to the answers Oh
the States, constituting, as we believe an argu-
ment on the point under consideration not only
hitherto unanswered but unanswerable.
Southern standard. [volume] (Columbus, Miss.) 1851-1856, 1851-12-27
TO ADVERTISERS !.

The SOUTHERN STANDARD has a weekly circulation
twice as large any paper published in this city Il
is therefore the cheapest channel through which
vey information to the masses Merchants and traders
will find it to their advantage to give call if they
desire general publicity.
There is the finest assortment of Job Type in this
establishment ever brought to this city, and car
execute, short notice, all orders for work in al
branches of our business.
Columbus, Miss, Oct, 18th 1851.