North Carolina standard. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1850-1852, 1851-03-26
DEMOCRACY AND FEDERALISM.


Out of power they ally themselves with all factions
and make promises of various kinds to different
tions in order get in and in, they dsappoint
all sections and all factions less taking care
all the while of their own interests and keeping both
eyes fixed constantly on 81 the spoils.'' Such the
leaders of the so-caed Wing party say so-caLed,
because in 1882, finding that their old and proper
name of Federalist or National Republican was be-
coming odious, they threw it off, and took start
in the same old path, but underdiferent coors. But
these points will be considered hereafter.
week or two since thought proper to pro-
pound certain questions to the Raleigh Register, to
which that paper responds as follows:
'sWe answer promptly. and without evasion:
Ques Are you Wing?
Tins. Yes!
Ques What sort of a Wing?
fms. A genuine NORTH CAROLINA WHIGi
CUES. What is Whigism?
Ans. Opposition to Loco Focoism, Secessionism, and
.a6okii0nism
Dues. What as Wing are you in favor ofl
Aus. The Constitution-the Union-the Compro-
mise, and the present Administration, the head of
which is of the rmest and most glorious patriots
that breathed the air walked upon the soil of
America !" ....
The Editor of the Register says he is Wing. We
record the admission promptly" We now know
where to find him, and what he is. In 1924, those who
preceded him and controlled his party were Adams
men in 1889, they were Clay men in 1886, they
were White men, Harrison men, Webster men. and
Mangum men, just as either of these promised
them the most strength in 1910, they were logcabin
and hard-cder Harrison men; in 1874, they were
Clay men again; and in ls4s. Mr.. Clay having been
.. slaughtered" by his own friends at Philadelphia,
they became nO-party Taylor men.
Two parties always have and always will exist in
this country They began with the Constitution, and
they v to exist only when it ceases to exist.
These parties differed and divided in the outset as 10
the mode Of constituting the Federal Constitution. One
insisted that Congress might do all the Constitution
expressly gave il the power to do, and any thing
which the Constitution did not forbid; the other main
tanned that the Federal Government limited in
its purposes and Objects and that Congress could do
nothing not expressly authorized in the Constitution,
which not necessary 10 carry out some express
grant, In other words, party insisted both upon
all powers expressly granted and those not forbidden
while the other resisted this construction and esab-
lished the doctrine of and clearly implied pow
The views of one party looked to the building
up of strong Federal Government; while those of
the other directed to the preservation of the rights
of the States and to the exercise by the common gov
eminent of no more powers than were Indispensable
enable it to conduct its operations under the COM
pact and within certain specified and well-de6ned
limits, the representative and agent of united Re-
publican States. Hence the terms FedernEsi and Re
publican. 20,
Old John Adams succeeded Gen. Washington as
President. He was Federast. During his term,
his party passed the alien and sedition laws, which
intended to clear the country of such foreigners
as the President might suspect - OF bad Intentions
and enable him to punish such Editors and public
men as might speak " disrespectfully =" of him. He
caused these laws to be enforced. Men, who claim
ed and exercised the freedom of speech, tried,
convicted, fined and incarcerated in dungeons; and
innocent and unofending foreigners, who had sought
shores restng-place from the expressions of
the old world banished the g suspicion
of the President. He increased the army and navy,
doubled the ax-colectors, sympahized with England
in her conflict with Republican France, and came
involving the United States in with ancient
ally. And to crown these enormities, his party in
Congress, during the last hours of his Adminstra-
ton, altered and changed the Judiciary system as
to require the appointment of great many Judges
and Adams himself, in the last moment of his power,
filled these Judgeships with his inscriptions adher-
ents and partizans. "Shortly after these midnight
appointments says Garland in his life of Randolph,
Mr.. Adams left the City. under the Of darkness,
that he might witness, the next day, the inaugu-
ration of his successful rival. Many of his friends
were deeply mortified at this undignfed and unman-
ly retreat"
Such federalism in the days Of old John
Adams. But the people rose in their strength, and
after hard struggle with the advocates of consoda-
ton and the patronage of the Federal Government,
they succeeded in eecting Mr.. jefferson. Then it
that the Republic took fair and new start I'M
der the auspices of the father of the Republican creed
During Mr.. Jeferson's term the rights of the States
were respected-the Constitution was strictly con-
strued-the alien and sediton laws were repeaed-the
people, in all sections of the country, contened
and prosperous and the immense and fertile Louisi.
ana Territory was added to the Union. He served
eight years, and succeeded by Mr.. Madison, also
a Republican. About the close of Mr.. Madison's
Administration Federalism appeared to die off, and
we had-what was called in Mr.. Monroe's time-the
:" of good feeling.' Soon after, the Federaliss,
finding that their name had become odous the peo-
pie, changed it, and assumed that of National Repub
ican; and the Republicans were then called, in con-
tradistihcon, Democratic Republicans. In 1924 the
Democratic Republicans, as party, supported Mr..
Crawford; portion of both PARTIES including num-
Der of the best Republicans, supported Gen. Iaokson
and the National Republicans rallsd almost to man
around the banner of the younger Adams. The cleo
ton went to the House, Mr.. Adams was elected
through Mr.. Clay influences. and the latter took Of
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