Staunton spectator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1849-1896, 1851-01-22
AGRICULTURAL-sCI SCIENTIFIC,
AGRICULTURAL GEOLOGY NO 4

AGRICULTURAL GEOLOGY NO4
| Hudor is the Greek word for waler-Ginousi, o.
gennao added given the origin of the word hydrogea
Metron, pathes and aulos, added 10 hudor gise hy-
dromeier Iiydropalhy and hydraulic. Hydrate OF
lime is newly Stacked lime, containing tweny-one
per cent of water and scventy-nine per cent, or
yde of calcium. Hydraulic lime is sater cements
II was most fortunately discovered in large quanti.
ties at the commencement Of The Hudson aud Eris
canal, in the rock excavaed for the work Before
this discovery, made by al agent Who had visited
Europe in behaIf0lihe work, the caicula.iou wee
to mpor. this indispensable article from Europe.
It has since been found in very numerous and large
quantities. adding immensely 10 The facilities and the
progress Of the vast works Of in internal improve
ment already completed and now advancing ny A.
merican enterprise. No one work, probably, made
so large demand for hydraulic lime aud wa,er ce-
ment as the Croton Aqueduct of New York.
| The various uses, both in architecture and agri.
culture, for this material, are humberess and name.
less. For most public worhsi is indispensable. For
Numerous domestic purposes it is exceedingly coz.
venient. II is so powerful as a cement tha. two
masses Of stone cemented by il will sometimes break
in another part Of the mass before separating at the
point ofiunction.
The oxyde ofiron; in connection with abortion Of
aumnia, or clay, causes its great eetnentinf power
In preparing il for use il is burnt like common lime
stone Instead Of Stacking il is ground wien with
a mixture Of sand, is formed into mortar, and
ready for use.
| Though numerous depos;ies Of this very yaluabs
material have already been discovered and brougts
into use advancing immensely The Improvements and
wealth oflhe country; deposiles still more numerous
doubtless yet remain unknown. Once let each Of
the eighty thousand schools and the six millions of
families in our country; become an "Erploring f.
gency" TO discover the resources of science and Of
wealth under their feet and within their reac,and mum
berless beds of hydraulic lime, mari valuable oreshd
other rnneras;both rich and beautifuwiI be brought
to view and but to their proper use. Asotber discovery
still more important than lime, marie, or gold, will
certainly be made in the operation. tIas already
been made in very numerous cases. The most Inn
porant discovery, certain to be thus made is that
bad boys are good boys-tie worst, the BEST
Leaders of rowdy gatherings will be, they have been
very often leaders in exploring expeditions The
more efficient for being juvenile, voluntary and sta.
ui!ous. g
Erpcrinieht.-Let any teacher or parent request
his pupils or children 10 find what curious minerals
they can and the result will be the commencement
of theological Cabinet for .he school or the home
Of the young explorers
NEW ELEcrRo- CHEMICAL TELEoRArH.-The
Boston Alias says, that recent and.wonderful I'm
provemens in the transmission OF messages by tho
electric telegraph, have recently been exhibited in
France. The instrument is the invention Of Mr..
Baine, is called an eecro-chemical leegraphand con.
veys its messages the Uery hand orlg OF die per-
sons who send them II claims 10 hare great ad-
vanages over The electromagnetic telegaphs III gen.
eral use. While the latter transmit dispatches 1T an
average rate of eight words per minute for each con-
ducting wire, this new invention can transmit from
$50 to 400 words per minute. A committee Of the
French Legislative Assembly, at The head Of which
was the celebrated astronomer LIE Verrer, was an-
pointed to Investigate the merits Of this invention
They caused the experiments 10 be repeated III their
presence. message consisting of several thousand
words wa, transmitted to Lille and back, along
single wire Qhe wire being united at Lille so TO
carry back the message,) at the rate Of about 1900
letters, or nearly 400 elegraphic words per minute.
The committee reported favorably on the proiectand
tie Government ordered set OF apparatus to be con-
siructed, to be placed in the first instance on the
line between Paris and Calais. This line was COM
pleied in the early part the last month, and its
performance Witnessed by The correspondent. Of
a London Journal from whose account OF the discov-
cry we gather our information His own despatch,
which would occupy about column or the Alias,
was transmitted and written by the apparatus in his
presence at the rate of 1900 letters per minute The
characters were perfectly distinct and legble, and
the despatch read from them also In his presence
Bali. finer
| q. We say to all feed nothing to you stock tha.
is not either cut or ground, and give warm shelter,
and better profit will be made than upon any other
portion Of your labor.
The muir iment in good wheat straw is about one.
third that of good tay-300 lbs. Of straw would be
equal to l00lbs. Of hay. But it only takes about
so lbs. Of wheat bran to be equal to 100 lbs hay;
and as ton ofban in the wheat regions only cost