The southern press., 1851-12-18
Correspondence Of the Consiitlonalist and Republic
Direct Trade--mr. BaylOr's Lecture.
MILLEDGEvI LIE, ID,

Last night, at the Representative Hall, Mr..
Baylor, u. 5. consul at Amsterdam, agreeable to
previous notice, made an address, on the subject
of direct trade, from our Southern ports 10 the
continent of Europe.
He said the time could well be remembered,
Ahen enterprise was either not thought Of at all,
in Georgia, or was only thought of as folly
when a railroad, through the State, would have
been thought as practicable as one to the moon
but times had changed: Georgia now bad such
road-and, for what was it constructed! To
bring the produce of OHIO of Kentucky, of st.
Louis, of remote interior countries with whom
she thus connected, down to her ports for ship
ment to New York, in New York ships? Or,
should she, having thus the commerce Of
world, do the carrying herself2 He said, the
question, that the channels OF commerce and
exchange could not be changed had been de-
MED but time had proved this in many parts OF
the world. The bank of Vienna, through her
exchanges, controlled commerce, in one age. in
| fl, or of the maritime States of Italy. The
Bank OF Genoa at later period, having greater
facility for accommodating exchanges con
trolled this commerce away from the ltslian
States, and dltfused it more over Enrope-broke
up the Capitalization that then twisted The
Bank Of Amsterdam gave still greater Impulse
to commerce--muking it more free and general.
To carry out her policy, she. in the early days
Of our county, established her colony Of ew
Amsterdam, New York; for tie great object
If having exclusive control of Il producing mar
ket, and also, one of exchange. The acts, OF
1861, put forth y England, were intended as
crushing blow TO Holland, who was getting to
control commerce and exchanges. England, by
cutting rs off from Holland, thus secured tie
CARRYING trlde Twas vail she wanted. Her
settled policy was to do this for the world. All
Ter wars were upon this principle. She warred
with us to promote the tea trade, and with China
to get and maintain the exclusive carrying for
India Sir Robert Peel said, the United States
are colonies of Great Britain, without the eX.
pense of government thus in his view, of
more Importance to England, as depots of sup
oily and demand than of really her own colonies.
She, regulating our commerce and exchanges, is
i enriched and exercises mo opuly which we
should no longer allow, as IL Is demonstraby to
our loss What is the reason hat surplus OF
cotton lies oven in Liverpool, unsold! 1t is
simply this: they work up II they can, ~ far as
they have capital, and that is Immense, but our
cotton is more immense. The froelrade policy
Of Sir r. Peel gives England cotton, but no
money.
Cotton growing countries send, say three
million bales year, to England, and of tn $
j there remains, unsvld and unWDrked, one mil
lion. This surplus she can't manufacture, and
1t should go to continental Europe. The t~
million bales are worth more tban thee millions
sent to Liverpool Eugald's wages are higher
than any in Europe, and thiTt y-hye millions OF
English yarns are annually seat TO the continent.
10 show that the expectation Of our own yar,,,
was better than shipping the raw cotton, he
stated, that he found evidence, when in New
York, that the shipments of yarns, in l6i9
were four huIdred thousand pounds, and, in
1850, was nRe hundred thousand pounds. l.,
az he insists we get more by carry ing direct to
continental Europe, by one or two cents for
cotton, we al.o get goods, thirty or forty cents
cheaper in bringing direct. The north Of El-
rope want our produce, and are your natural al
lies. Interior Europe is leagued against whom
f England-to resist the commercial encroach
ments of Great Britain. In India, Holland is
arrayed against England. Rice and cotton are
, free TO India Auayed against England, on nc.
! count of slavery, Holland has it. The cotton
manufactures of Saxony,are twice the extent they
; we're before the Tpllyerein union. Trade ia
now unrestricted. Low wages OF Germany in.
dnccs this. She can manufacture cheaper than
England. Labor in Saxony is worth 10 cents
to one dollar week. Wretched poverty causes
cheep labor. Half pound Of meat week is
. the allowance TO German laborer on an average.
Cotton hosiery. in SaxOny, increased in manuiac.
turs from competition with England, and ex.
! cludes ENGLAND by Prussian league. They car,
. undersell England in the article.
Alay, therefore, the consum ng and the pro.
during interests for direct trad" Banks don'i
T control commerce. u nks indicate commerce
E TIE Bank Of Amsterdam was older than the
Bark Of England Oiher banks were obsolete
+, They cease when commercial ece,sity ceases
Commcrc al centraliz zion causes political diyi.
sion. the Bank of England drains Scotland
. ard ireland, and New York, the great central
, point Of commercial facility and banking, drains
lther Status.
Why not, then, the South have direct trade
I bniId her own ship~l She has the timber
Southern genius Is suggestive, but does not 90
through with project. a Southern mechanic
made the mo 81 for the yacht America, which
/, has outstrippcd every thing in the British navy
z Southern geniou- perez wing she controls ali the
? element. of commercial greatness, shonld awake
TO The subject, and Georgia no longer be tribuia
y ~, when able. thr"u.h her position on the map
10 control the immense trade Of the Gulf coast
aud Texas nd Mexiro, with coastin navy
connected with her railroads. and a ditect Tor.
e On trade with Northern Europe. Let there
be but a railroad from Savannah (said he) q
g Ap,lachicola, ard Il m6kes Saysnpss myyeme
Tie commercially learned gentleman closed
+ his able argument. hy expressing his belief, that
n II was the duty of Georgia Lawmakers TO gan
e charters 10 good MN for biDk- which will d,
promotiye Of tfis direct trade, both coasiwis,
and foreign; and showed, conclpsively, that II
, such an interest wa. nurtured, az of paramount
importance, i would lead. naturally, TO the
: grow IN of manufactures Continental Europe
. pfeferfipg TO receive our staple in the stage
~ manufacture. that is. inade'in thread. and
3 Ply Us a. he now pays Liverpool. ENLARGED
p prfits f"r il and thus, 10 few years, every
I stream might be occupied by mandatory, and
b. consumers OF return cargoes multiplied.
lie insisted that Georgia possessed more than
b any oihrf State, the elements of commercial and
! manufacturing greatness, and needed nothing
more than energetic action for its development.
. TVS SASDwicH lsLASDs.--S8n Francisco pa.
pers, by the last arrival, notice the sailing Of
:. ,,l.,spr. n,,i;e-s for tho Sandwich Islands