New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-03-05
LECTURES.


Ybird Lecture on the Italian struggle:
Having shown you in my first lecture the origin
Of the Revolution, and in my second that part OF
it enacted in Lombardy and Venice, shall now
proceed 10 its subsequent history, its development
and progress trust you will bear In mind that
the origin Of the war was a national outbreak Tor
the purpose Of casting off the yoke OF an odious
foreign despotisna, upon which the existence of
the domestic tyrannies chiefly depended. The
Princes, by feigning sympathy with the people
Ia the first particular, continue TO hold their do
minions, but intended, in consequence OF their
symuathies being really with Austria, to crash
them in the end. At this juncture the liberal
parry, actuated by spirit of trOe patriotism, and
a generous selEdevotlon to the public veal, en-
ioined upon their friends to sgitste no political
questions whatever, but to bring all their energies
20 bear upon a national independence, even were
il under the command OF King. Charles Albert
taking advantage of their generosity, remained in
sctive, while the volunteers were exposed to
almost certain destruction, in the most disad-
yaptageous circumstances NOtwiths landing all
these movements, the King, In his grasping
10 seize the crown, found himself entirely
inadequate to the task With stupidity al
most npequaIed, he rejected the efficient revolu
which little If any dependence could be placed
Although he made semblance OF being awake,
he persisted in remaining in his present position
while he dispatched several corps OF volunteers
70 the frontiers Of Tyrol. Meanwhile the Tuscans
were encamped near Mantua and another corps
blockade Peschiera, while Duraudo, with
force consisting of new evies, occupied the pro-
vinces Of Venice. Nugent, meanwhile, advancing
with ar army Of %, 900 men to join Hadetzky
reached the Plane at the end Of April. A small
corps OF 2, 500 men were posted at bridge called
Ponte Della Priule-anOther of 1000, at ford
few miles to the right-and another, consisting OF
volunteers, some distance TO the left, while Du-
Yando remained in position with about 5000 re-
serves. In consequence of the treRcherOus cleo
pioneering movements OF DurRndO and the policy
of the King, whose object was more the destruc
ten of the volunteers than the defeat OF the Aus
trians this battle proved disastrous TO the liberal
army, who retired with their various corps to Ire
viso, Maestro Padua and Vicenza. The escort
of Nugent's army, in passing on their route at
tackled the City Of Treviso. Gen. Guidetti, with
5000 volunteers after five days hard lighting,
forced the, enemy 10 retire. The General was
killed in a sally, and the celebrated priest, Ugo
Bassi was twice wounded while encouraging the
volunteers in the hottest part of the engagement.
DurapdO had retired near VicenZa. An attack
was made upon that city soon aiterward by an es-
cort of Nugents army which lasted six hours
without any decisive result After the several
made upon Vicenza in the night. They broke
into the city, but were repulsed after desperate
conflict which lasted till morning. The ladies' be-
haved with extraordinary courage, the windows
were lighted up, and the national nag was dis.
played st each. They filled the balconies and
windows, encouraging the men Wnlie others TOOK
care Of the wounded.
In Tuscany the Liberal party had the ascen'
Senoy but in Rome and Naples the Jesuits. The
Pope's Encyccal, condemnatory of the war and
recommending passive obedience, appeared az
this epoch The evening previous TO its publlca-
ton he had read it to his confessor, who remon.
strated with him on its inconsistency as compared
with his promises and previous conduct, said that
n would prove destructive to his influence, and
stil more tend to increase the growing dlsrespect
of the People for the Pontlhcate The rope,
moved by his remons.rances promised to intro
duce the notifications suggested. To the surprise
of those acquainted with the circumstances 1t ap
peared in the morning in its original form. Ven
tara, the confessor, fastened to his Holiness en-
treating him to allsy the excitement by publish
ing an explanation at least OF certain ambiguous
phrases but all TO no purpose. will also mention
another instance of the Pope's Inconsistency
Filippo Paradise through the agency OF Ventura,
sent manuscript to his Holiness, containing
some structures upon the conduct of Torlinia Ia
heavy capitalist at Rome) in a contract for the
monopoly of salt and tobacco
Plus having read it, made three corrections In
saying that with these alterations he might pub
hsh il. The pamphlet was no sooner issued than
Paradise was arrested. Ventura fastened 10 his
Holiness, asks him how the author of work cor.
rected and approved by him could be arrested
His Holiness answered that he knew nothing OF
the matter. Ventura reminded him that be had
altered the manuscript himself "WhAt" said
be, "hss Paradise shown my writing He has
done wrong; he deserves the punishment p
What people could long entertain respect for such
Popei
Reactionary measures were rapidly gaining
ground, in Consequence of the bad policy OF Al
bert and the efforts Of the Jesuits, and second
Bartholomew was enacted, which crushed for q
time the Liberal party in Naples. The Jesaiss
placed themselves at the head of the LazZaroDi.
The Police promised them "Piunder' and the
Priests Paradise" The city was given up to
indiscriminate slaughter and the Liberals were
oil massacred TO man. Let as now return to
Rsdetzky and Charles Albert. The former had
been collecting votes and the latter bayonets.
After some little delay, Rsdeszky marched to the
rescue Of Peschiers, then inclosed by the Pied
montese. In this movement however he was
unsuccessful. A force, consisting almost entirely
Of Tuscan volunteers. were posted az Montenare,
on the road from Mantua to Gaeta- This little
army, Of only 6C00 men, for some time success
fully resisted that Of Radetzky, consisting OF over
10000 men; but being eventually overwhelmed
by numbers, about 1900 only effected their retreat
10 Gaesa. Charles Albert was indebted In this
instance for his safety 10 the very men whom he
had devoted 10 destruction.
On reaching Gaets general engagement took
place hos no decisive result was attained, Charles
Albert having failed to avail himself Of sew
eia material advantages presented Had be
thrown up fertilization on either side Of GaeEa
DO could have intercepted Rsdetzky between
hantaa and Leynsro. and thus have changed the
whole prospect Of the war Peschiera now ca
pitulated, and while the King was making
electioneering capital out Of it, Radetzky
crossed the Adige at Leanano, with $4,000
men st bis heels, cut OF Daranao with bis
force of $4,000 men from the main army.
Albert, finding himself entrapped, awoke from
his esbargy and made splendid though unsuc.
cessfal resistance against an army Of more than