The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-10-24

1t her present political and fallen great
hess, but with q sorrowfal look should his mind
wander to what transpred in that beautiful country
n the years 1913 and 1919 A Pope, from the bal
cony Of his palace, blessing, at midnight q whole
eothusiastic and grateful population, because from
his holy lips had fallen word of pardon for all the
political offenders and promise to cooperate with
nj his mighty power to the emancipation of the
whole peninsula. In Naples, barbaric king, who,
incapable to stand against the imperious demands
Of his people, grants liberal constitution, and
marches part of his army into Lombardy, to fight
the barbarians Of Austria In Tuscany, a Duke
called the beloved father of his country, arms the
ardent youth of that classic land and full Of conf
dence in their sovereign and in the holy cause they
had embraced, the Tusc.us leave that gar den o.
Italy to meet the northern hordes. In Modsns and
Parma the little despoi had left, bag and baggage,
and passed to the enemys camp, but their subjects,
entering an alliance with Piedmont, swore to die
or conquer their nationality Sardinia, led by that
most noble and most uu fortunate of all kings,
Charles Albert the frontiers and the belli
gerent subalpine army at gives battle powerful
Austria. The first blood shed by the Italian cru
eadsrs was shed In victory; God, union and victory
appeared to be With them all and We, from these
distant shores, rejoieed ar the glorious of the
defeat of the AustriRns We hailed in our heart,
freedom for Italy God DC with her children
Helos, that bright star Of cer.ain emancipation,
was soon eclipsed o. dark clouds all hopes at
m end, and Louisaruy elapsed once more under
ihe claws Of the Austrian eagle The battle of No
vara and the defeat OF he Piedmontese army, had
caused to believe hat she whole peninsula would
thrown again IN chains and ruled, as of old,
with an iron sway
The Roman rep00Ec was crushed soon after by
the republican French soldiers Ferdinand, of Ma
plss, with the holy sanction u ne Pope, profaned
his solemn oath, and abolished the constitution:
Leopold, of TUSCANY, calls hs enemies to help him
in the overthrow VI ali the liberal institutions grant
ed by him only few onths before; the petty
dukes seated once more on thor throne, protected
by thousands OF foreign bayonets; Lombardy
trsmpled upon by the horse Of the Croat and
Piedmont, that little state which is the true sane
tuary of Italian freedom, sub arts by force to pay
his conquerer the expenses Of the war; but most re-
solutely refuses to return 10 the ancient satu quo.
At another time snail say few words on the
of the modern fal! Of Italy, the wrong is
to be found not only IN the conduct of her rulers,
but Of the enthusiastic patriots who wished to
return, at blow, their country (only yesterday
enslaved) into democratic republic, have had
their part in securing the victory to the enemies Of
freedom. Let us examine awhile the political state
of Pie dmont When the traveller crosses the Alps,
to pass into Italy, he the national Italian dag
waving proudly over the towers Of Piedmont.
Descending those bui~arks, which seem created by
nature to separate Italy from foreign foes he wit
nesses every where beautiful cities, aeutivated land,
an industrious and vigorous people; and from every
where appears before him prosperity, happiness,
progress. civilization, and liberty. The freedom Of
the public press in Piedmont is guaranteed, and re-
Ggiously observed by the constitution, which has
never been violated or altered There has not been
single occasion that paper had been suppressed.
The constitution, in country, prstecs persons
from the injurious attacks Of a hbertine anarchi-
cal press; the violsto-s Of the law are imprisoned
and judged by a jury, but the journal is never
abolished There Is national guard all over the
kingdom, and the members of Parliament and So
nate, well Of provincial assemblies, are elected
by the vote Of the people The citizen is equal to
al before God and the constitution, and the King
himself cannot adopt any governmental measure, or
make any new Law, or grant any privilege, without
the sanction Of the Parliament and Senate. The
ministers responsible towards the constitution
and people, and on occasion have they abroga.ei
their power.
Piedmont, surrounded by hostile powers, as even
France, under the government OF her President
Prince, opposed to the liberal policy Of this ooun
try, has always advanced a step more in the way
OF progressive institutions Although the war
against Austria had been declared With the consent
Of the Vatican of Naples and Tuscany, these
powers having become traitors to the holy cause
Jeff Piedmont alone to fight her battles and Pied
mott paid to Austria, less than two years seven
ty i've millions Of francs Free Of all treaties ac-
copied ~otens podrs, Sardinia began to ameliorate
her civil, political, and financial condition Rail-
Ways were decrecd all over the kingdom, and when
the national we're sufficient To advance
this gigantic enterprise, loans we're contracted in
foreign countries, which were inquired on State
stocks, and literally accepted. We shall speak in
future Of the system Of railways in Piedmont-let
~ say word Of the Italian emigration, protected
and rescued By the noble subslpine nation.
II ascertsined that not less than forty thousand
exiles from all parts Of Italy living In Piedmont,
and almost every one has found occupation to lead
m Independent life. At their arrival, committees
were named, in order to provide to their wants;
public establishments erected to lodge and to
oGer them employment IN all branches numerous
subscriptions and donations we're made by the GO
vernnent and people there is not . public place
or banquet, or . festival whatever, where some
money Is not collected tor the Italian emigration.
Those who, in their country, situated in an in
dependent life their fortunes being eonfscated, or
had belonged to civil arts, or had obtained grade
In the army, were habdsoney provided with per-
msnent sotde The Sandman Parliament, with |
The sanction Of the liberal King. vittorio Emmanu-
cle, granted monthly pay to all those who had
been members Of Parliament in Rome, Venice,
Naples, and Sicily; and spe al favor, all those
Who bad fought in Venice we're allowed q yearly
psosioa until Italy shall better days. But the
greatest Of eli the progressive reform, introduced in
Piedmont is yetto be said. We have spoken Of the
civil and political free institutions Of that country