New-York daily tribune. [volume] (New-York [N.Y.]) 1842-1866, 1851-11-28

,he result of 1t al, but the present CONDITION
MUST change. The taxes, TOO, ne sala' "1ic
becoming heavier every daJ, ana were ssne'aiy
LAID very lDIudIciousy, 50 Is mos1 - OiNo''o '"'
people. - ,,;l,5 ~ every
Os.,pre and # their OBJECT is-,housh ne cOui1
no, believe ito Impoverlsh all the small lahd'
holders among the former nobility, ana men III,
troduce new population, he thought sn'y "ou'u
fail III that, too -. toro q, m
foreirn lands, In the measures OF THIS Mihis"S'
All The German immigrants, VINO had pee"
brought in by the Government, haa re'ufheu ~
ceedingl, disappointed. ,,..,. ne
thought. to apply the AUSTRIAN Constitution OF
the 4.h OF March to the country and allo"
them provincial Representatives wh9 might AhO"
something of the wants OF the nation.
TcalIed about this time also on landholder, III
the neiohborhood Of DebrecZln-one OF the genu,
me .Old Conservatives had formerly hsG
nrOpertv IN the feudal labor OF Bauer lie loon the
same dlscontented view ofthings asthe gentleman
n,sn,ioned above. but was disposed TO lay more
of the blame on kosSuth. They had mode
rate freedom before the Revolution, he sad
:. They had better have held by that, and NOT rlsk
all on the chance for more kossuth was a
dreamer. and had hurried the people further thah
thew meant. within wild plans he ought never
10 have proclaimed independence from Au-
stria. and then we should not have had Russia
y on MS" Look too" said he lat this abol-
ishipg of the Robot (feudal labor. SAID at the
time when Kossuth and his men were pressing
the matter so, In objection e the bl1, that the
State ought not TO deprive us OF our propertyso
without some restitution beside mere PHRASES
THAT the honor of the country would see to
fitting restitution as the bill SAID And now
look-the mass of US are without krrntscT III
return, and many beggaTd by It
| found that this gentleman, Ike many DINERS
had met the difficulty by giving up farming him.
self. and leasing his estates % those who once
were his Bauer. twas so expensive and trouble
some now, hiring labor, that he preferred lust
10 settle down as landlord among tenants than
keep his former PATRIARcHAL position VI
course on those estates where his peasants had
occnpied his land, as II were, on perpetual
lease. paving rent in feudal labor OF so many
DAYS in the wear. uhe ansdssigc Bauer or
Rustici.") he had lost all when the labor was
declared no longer obligatory. But /, happened
that most of his Bauer were what are called
Inouilini and Subinquilni, (cOtters and lodgers,)
that is. they only possessed house and garden,
or even only part of house, and paid their
feudal obligations In much fewer numoef OF
DAYS work (, IN consequence, when the teudaI
work (the Robot was abolished, he only lost the
labor-not much land with it.
Some of his old Rauer, especially in Sleben-
hnrqen would not work for any inducement, he
sand DThey were landholders now why should
they be doing other mems work they would
saw Besides. all they wanted was sheep SKIN
for cloak and coat, little speck (pork -fat)-and
their Indian corn and wine-and they could
.'raiser all that on their own little farms 1t dld
not appear from his account that they were lazy
but that they would rather work for themselves
than for other people And with reference to the
e OH 4
nificant fact to me, that IN no part OF Hungary
were the Robot laws so strict and oppressive as
in that district and it seemed perfectly natural,
when the peasants once were free, that they
should refuse TO have anything whatever to do
with their old masters.
| always took the opportunlty-whe IL
was possible-while in Hungary, 10 get acqualnt
ed with the peasants They are shrewd fellows,
however, and unless they know their man, they
do not have much to say, except on general mat
ters There was settlement oil Bauer near
Debreczin, which some Of my friends knew very
well, and we all went together to visit It,
The appearance OF the village was precisely
what have mentioned beiOre-every house neat
and well white washed, but the aspect OF the
whole bare and uncomfortable. III they only "owd
understand that planting few trees, VI oven
sowing a little grass in the streets would cost
them no trouble and would make pleasant vii
lape roads, instead of the impossible slough
through which travellers founder now
The Germans who have settled in Hungary,
think, have usually much peasan,er villages than
the Hungarlans
We went first to see the village Judge, who Is
ALWAYS the leading Bauer He was not at home,
though we saw him afterward | used to think,
sometimes. they must choose these peasant
ndces from their dignIfled, manly appearance
At least. they are the finest. looking men, usual
iy. one sees among the lower classes This man
must have measured six feet three in his stock
ines and as he stood, wrapped III his large
black sheep-skin, with powerful muscular frame,
keen dark eye aquiine features, and long gray
hair, brushed behind his ears, lie looked more
like chieltaln OF the Puszta than peasant
After a short time with him, we wen. TO one
of the common Bauer, as wished 10 see com
mon peasants house. Like all the rest, tins
cabin was surrounded with small hedge,
woven of reeds, which seemed no kind of pro-
tion against their long legged cattle. The house
Itself was one of the common mud-house',
whitewashed and matched with reeds.
Our peasant, with the usual retinue oil snarl-
ing white dogs, came out OF his garden 10 wei
come US and, though nothing could have been
probably more unexpected, he led MS into the
best room with much ease as any gentleman
could have done. He started at once 10 bring
wine for us, but We would not let him, and tell
ing him our object was TO his house, he
showed us, without any Kind OF unwllllngness,
what there was In it, There were only three
rooms one each side of the door, and hall, with
something which looked like large altar be-
tween them. One room his bedroom, the other
the parler, and the hall is the kitchen. What
looked like an altar, it appears is an open fire.
place, on which they cook-the draft being
through an aperture in the roof aboye-a most
wasteiul mode of burning fuel, which one
wonders they have not changed in d country
where fuel is so scarce Behind the fire place in
this house, there were long rows OF the best
crockery set out
They could have had no time TO prepare, yet
all the rooms were exceedingly neat. The bed
room had only mud floor, but very dry and
hard and filed up as 1t was with bright cloth
ing and beds, and the immense white pyramid in
one corner, 1t had quite comfortable air. This