Richmond enquirer. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1815-1867, 1851-07-04
DECLARATION OF
A NJ i RlCAN IN DEPENDE
IN CONGRESS, July !

4.
- i'sp'
WnES, in the course OF human cv.n,s. il b.c.,,n.
people 20 dissolve the political bant- which Lav- r
win another anu t" assume, among the powers or b
paraic ana eHua! station 10 which the Ia 4, Of
'''n '"i' men, decent RESPECT to tie opinion. :,
qnres mat they should declare le Causes ybcl oa
| separation. '''fe' w
we holo these truths !" bc scl!evicn:--th,t al,
elu"-''"' '''! are endowed By their Creator viii
a5e figh's--tha among these are HE I,,.yty ,ot
pi"eSs-'a'' 10 secure these rights soYerurnep, A.,
men, '''i'!"s u"ir Just POWER, iron! IN. consent -.
al" "''.' "'ei@eF any form ri ,nv,rrrr.n, heroine,
these e''' y u 'e right OF the people 10 alter
stuic ne" government Iasin lis ,ur3,,,,
organizing lis power. III such form a. II, ,,,, f'
10 effect iher safety aud happiness Prudence ,,,.i
tha governments long established sh,r,t No, =.
anu transient causes-an. accordingly all rrr,,.7
! that mankind are more disposed IN su-r- .h., %
| than right themselves by aoo sIi,o in. f ''s y
custon,ed. But. when long Train o, abuses "a, -
ing invariably lie same objec:, evmccs a -
absolute de>po,l>tn. II Is their right, !, /. their =
government, and TO provide qua is !rr ,b.,.
| IA been the patient su:rancG these Colonies .,
necessity which coEi,raas them 70 aer their
| :ern!nent.
The history OF the present King oi t;rea. Br,.,i,
;,eaed injuries and usurpauons. al having i ,,.,.,
establishment, OF absolute tyranny over these S., -
This let facts be submitted 10 candid world -"
II. has refused his assent laws tho n .;
Tor the public good:
He has forbidden his Governors pass ls,. =; ~
pressing importance unless suspended ih..- orr, ,
should b. Obtained; and "i- 80 suspended L- p., "
ecled 10 attend "a hrn:
IIr has refused 10 pass oher aws Tor The
districts Of people unless those people would -- rr
representation in the Lr;slauIea l!.a: lae..trb. =.
Ia. ftr. ant Z
lie ha, called together legislative Aodies Il r,,,ss ,.
;orubi. and distant .rm tlr repository al: ,-,r ANN.
sole purpose OF !asuin ihr2 1870 c,,;a &c w., ~,
H. has Dissolved representative hogs, f"r
manly Il nIlrss his urIgInWS h. fIs. % H. ~
Hch,, refused. fora long tiur ate. -ucn .oig'i5~
others be e-cte-wR"rrbg ne !a*lSayc Sers n-,,.,
initiation. have returned 10 he rsue a. ar.c ,or
state REMAINING IL hc-cs-an TINE. expose. 10 ali :he
sion from wIlhuu. an ronvu SONS nom within. -
lie has enteavcrel prevent ha population o. h..,
tia: purpose oasrur ng :he laws naturalization Of ~
iusing pass Others encourage rr migration hitler a.
the conditions OF new aprrop ra,!oas o. and,:
Re has distracted the administration Justice 5y .,
scn, 20 laws :of establishing judiciary towers:
lie has made Judges dcicn!an; his viii 1oac 10, III,
.hc:r Offices ana the au "a men, o! lelr "a ~
lie has erected multitude ut Offices. ana SEN ar,
Of officers 70 htrasa our pope ar! heir sq5..,-s
He has kept a"hg Us N times oil peace aHlN: a;acs
consent Of our legislature:
lie has affected Tc.le. The military independent
TO- the civil power
lie has cclnDu.rL VIII! ohe:S 10 >ubec, us jatc
10 our Conu ION aai uu1cknow edged BY OF. aN.-.v
sent their a:;s 81 pic'cn Ia! legislation
Tor GuAg'eting large bodies e: armed ;soops anon, US
For protecting them. oy 4 mock 'Tai, i,ot! pt.s..,a
murders which they SHOULD commit The a u
For cu;iin. oil our ira!e WIN all paris o. the wgrG:
Fos imposing taxes on Us without our cg.,c,:
Fn tepri"n; IN many cases Of Tie oeuci, -! TIN by
For transporting IL ynEd So = 10 bs Tie! fJ a.r c:r
For aDOi>hIuS The iree system ~ EnEIsh IN a-i.
province establishing tner.n RI arbitrary vcG'uc., a.
iuc is boundaries. 70 eGecE al once cN4r an
rcn for Introducing the absolute .hc,c @
For taxing away our charters ao"lishne our most vaul
and altering fundamentally the pnwcrs ~
For suSpcndlur own Legislatures. ari dec ias .N
vested w power 10 rgislae Tor us 10 all cases whatsoever
lie has abdcaied government here. b! declaring
lection. AMI w.r'ng war against a:
,uDderc ravsgeI
DESTROYED the lives OF our people:
He ,~ Transporting! large armies Of a:elsG
complete the Works NJ death. tcsu.ailua dWa YraGHy. at.
wi.h circumstances Of cruelty and Ir.dy scarcely para
nost tarbarous ages and ;oay unworthy ;ac head q "c
ton:
He has constrained our fellow czcas. akcn ca pave oil.
bear against their cunnry TO become NEE yrr
their lrr,is and bcthrrn. I'LL themselves by tneG
lie has excited domestic Instructions amoncs, as "n.
v"rcd 10 bring On The "hdoitants OF "r frontiers Nc tx
dian sayagcs. whose known rule OF warfare Is ~ uE'G
s;rucilnu Of all ages, sexes aud conditions
IN every OF these expressions We have pe'our
humble 'rrinSGtir repeated petitions nave bee
uniy By repeated INJURY
princr whose character is hus marked by every a.,
dr.in" tyrant is uit 10 BE- the ruler 81 Tree pcopr
Norhlvc We been wanting In atIen:Ionin our BRUSH u;
have warnr.. ,lcI from tine Time. attempts mad"
iature 10 extend an understandable jurisdiction over rs
minded hcm 0i tile circumstances oi orr c'nsr''inH s
here We have Appealed to their naive Iusticc an! ma
an! have conlu:c them. by The ties Of our rpn"HG
dl-avo'T u-uPa'inn-. winch wouid eFih'N HeI
correspondence. They too have .eI deaf 10
OF Justice and OF cniIsanguui'y We must therefore
the Necessity which tlcnnicrS our separation, dHi nod
hold the resi- o: mrG1nirnrm.a in peace 'r,crr
We. therefore, the Representatives % ia" lNlt' Sa'"s
in Gcnca Congress assembled Appearing I" IL. S!ggrr
the world Tor ia. al Intentions. do r .r
tie iut!nryn lr good nrnpr these Colombo ,psH p
d.c.rr that these Hait.l Colonies and 81 gh uUGt
NJ ISpErESDESr STAr:st.t they ah.,.y,l .r14
glance he B, Crown. and rh1 al! p,iiri a. oulrcla
them AMI The Sia. al Gt"it ri.itl i. AM p., :" be-
solrraid :ha a. free and Independent they haze
t. levy conclude peace. contract alliance. c~;tb
ard do all other and 'ar. which f!ri,rsrlr
right ir And ur the support ~ this Dec witt
lance the pr1tec,lonui Divine PrrvI!ur. mu'Ul
each other our lives, fortunes and ,arrri hlNpc
JOHN HANCOCK. T..
CHARLES THOMPSON. Secretary