The southern press. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1850-1852, 1851-07-18

yxxys& roGe11cs.
In Paris the fpFthceming report Of NJ. de Toc'
qvevllls, embodyinR 1he recommendation Of inc
commission al the ekpmber for total revision
Of the constitution, II the chief subject Of spe+
eulation 1t is expected to b. ready in about q
week.
HEssE cAssEL.
The elector of this state has just issued do
cument which purports TO be an amnesty, and Is
couutersigned by his minister, Hassenphug. Its
character, however, is despicable. All the public
servants and officers justice who were faithful
to the constitution are excluded from it, and its
object is simply to get back the military. Even
as regards them, however, the phrAseology IL
sufficiently obscure TO leave them open to any
after vengeance in cases where they may be in
diyidualy obnoxious. 1t is accompanied by an
other decree caDcelling the constitution Of l848,
and relieving the army from their oath OF ale
glance to it, This outrageous act il put forth
according to the preamble ION the representa-
ton of the two commissaries of Austria and
Prussia"
STEAM ENTERPRIsE.--The day before yester-
day launch took place of tho largest vessel
that has ever been built in the Thames. She is
named the Amazon, and ID one of the new ones
intended for the Royal West India and Brazil
company. Her burden is 1856 tons, with 800
horse power The new steamers Arabia and
Persia, building at Glasgow for the Cunard line,
are to be $500, tons with 900 horse power
There are at the present moment no less than
nineteen ocean steam vessels building for the
five large companies holding the mail contracts
for America, for the West Indies and Brazil, for
the Cape of Good Hope, for the Pacific panama
to Valpnraiso) and for the East Indies, the ag-
gregate bufthen Of which will be 81, $40 tons.
The tonnage at present belonging to these COM
panes is 81 789 tons, and the increase therefore,
when their new vessels are completed, will be
equal to nearly 80 per cent.
The ExHlBITIoS.--A week of unusually hot
weather has rather diminished the number Of
visitors to the Exhibition, but on the shilling
days it still ranges between $4,000 ard 10000.
The feeling that the building must remain APP
pears to increase in strength, and it seems pro-
bable that in the course Of few years there will
scarcely be single town in England Of any i'm
portance without similar structure for the pur-
solution of the kind has already been adopted
3 The PApAL AGGREssIoN.-Hi Holiness the
Pope continues the bold course He has just
concluded an appeal to the faithful throughout
Italy for funds to build church to ST. Peter, in
London, gin fine position and in one of the
most majestic streets" It's government is to be
in the hands OF "a congregation of Italian secu-
lar priests, founded Mt Rome, that the Roman
spirit may always influence the same" and 100
days indulgence is to be granted to whomsOever
shall contribute any aims to promote it.
The IRISH CENsUs.-The leading points OF
the Irish census returns have been made public
this morning; they show falling off in the po-
pulation even more remarkable than had been
anticipated. The total is now only 100000,
while 10 years ago, it was 8,l75OOO. SO long
back, indeed, as 1921, it was geater than at pre-
sent, the return then showing an aggregate OF
100000. An entire generation therefore has
passed, not only without leaving an increase, but
ending in an absolute decrease.
Emigration to the United States, the British
colonise and to England, have been the principal
causes of the change, especially as these have
chiefly removed persons just married or of an
age to marry; but the famine and pestilence of
l847 were unprecedented in modern time for
their devastation. The precise returns of each
decennial period from 1921 to 1851 inclusive,
appear as follows: se!
In ls2lthe total population was 6s0l,s2
1891 do do do 7,767,40l
ls4l do do do s,I74,l24
1851 March Both, it was about $780, 900
During the last ten years, therefore, instead
of the progress which under natural circumstan-
ces would have given an increase of 6 per cent.
there has been decrease Of 90 per cent, and
this decrease when set off against the augmen-
tation in England and Scotland, causes the ag-
gregate population of the British islands to be
only about half a million more than it was the
last census.
1t is remarked that, instead of our total popu-
lation increasing at the rate of thousand n
day, as has been ordinarily assumed, the in
crease has not been more than thousand a
week. Henceforth, however, the growth may
be expected TO be Of more steady kind, since
the mutually beneficial influx Of the British race
into Ireland, and the Celtic race into England,
will probably Prove sufficient to prevent re-
newal of those calamities against which, as far
as regarded the unmixed Irish, neither expert
ence nor warning could be of avail.
FRANCE.
The opening of the Tours and Orleans rail
way by the President took place on the lst of
July. After what happened last month at Dion,
the speech he would make on the occasion was
looked forward to with anxiety. Its moderate
character, however, has since caused a further
Improvement on the Paris Bourse, where prices
had already been rising for some days past The
assertion that the will OF the people, when at the
proper time il shall be freely expressed, must be
relgiously respected, and that France having
passed forever from the old state of things, is
now simply disturbed by the necessary strug
giles for shaping out the new, could not with
safety be contested just at present by any party ;
but whatever may he the extent to which the
President is to be held personally answerable
for the acts Of his Presidency, it is impossible to
hear his declarations about the will of the peo-
pie, and the establishment of n new order of
things on the ruins of the DID, without recalling
that among the principal of those acts has been
the Acknowledgement of many of " the people"
from the right of expressing their will, and the
suppression of the new order of things" in
Italy, by the restoration Of the most rotten and
iniquitous rule with which the world, in it's old
stages of corruption, has become familiar His
friends here, however are disposed TO view
these things as the result of antngonistic forces,
to which at the time he was compelled to give
way. Should such be the case, he will, If be be
reelected by the people, in spite of the assem-
III h. Ill -