New-York daily tribune., 1851-07-28
Chapter from the Census.

some Official tables from the census OF l6JO
which are well worth looking at They
refer TO the four States of Vermont, Rhode
Island. South Carolina and Arkansas-two
Free and two Slave States. Rhode Island
and South Carolina were members Of the
original thirteen Vermont was admitted
into the Union in 1871 and Arkansas in
1886
Vermont, though not one of the Oldest, Is
in point of industry, intelligence and virtue
one Of the best States Of the Union. No
where are the genuine principles Of demo-
cratic equality more native in the people, or
more universally exemplifed With com
parativelv meager soil and cold climate
the labor of the Vermonter procures com
Portable living for himself and his family,
while his economy continually adds new
value to the farm, where he enjoys health
and independence that king might envy.
The present population of this State Is
3l3,6ll; ten years since it was 29l,9iS;
twenty years since 280,G19; and thirty
years since only 235,761. Thus, it appears
that the ratio of increase during the last de-
cade a per cent? is about the same as in
that Immediately preceding, though very far
inferior to that from 1920 to 1890, which
was above 10 per cent. The reason is, of
course, that during the past twenty years
emigration to the new States has drawn off
from Vermont the natural increase of her
own population, while she has gained little
or nothing by immigration from foreign
countries.
In Rhode Island, on the other hand, the
increase of population has been rapid. Ten
wears ago the State contained los, $50, and
in 1880 there were l47, ,65i, making all in-
crease of 3S,S2i, giving 4 ratio OF Al per
cent. while during each of the preceding
decades the ratio was only from II to I6
per cent. The difference between the two
States is striking in this respect. The su-
perioritv of Rhode Island is due to her ex-
collent system of legislation, and to her man
ufactures and means of internal c0mmunica-
ton. The soil Of this State is on the whole
no better than that of Vermont, but there is
no comparison between them in point of
agricultural advancement Rhode-lsland
farming is of Il superior kind, because her
manufacturing population affords market
t.,r 10 al N
strictly agricultural State like her north
orn neighbor, there is no demand for. Ii
any new prooiwere wanted OF the advantage
Of bringing the artisan and the agrlcuturlst
together. it might be found in the relative
growth of population III these States. In
Vermont there Is one manufacturing estab-
lishment producing $500 yearly and upward,
to each liz persons; in Rhode-lsland there
is one 10 each 1863, but Vermont has few
large factories. While Rhode island abounds
in them. In Vermont there Is one cult
vatCd farm TO each 10 persons IN Rhode
Island one to each -. This shows that
proportionally not half 50 many persons work
at farming in the one State as IN the other.
In South Carolina the total population Is
654,777. of whom 37S,223 are slaves. In
1910 this State had 1895 inhabitants,
making the ratio OF increase for the ten
wears lOs per cent; this, however, IS better
than during the previous decade, when the
ratio was but 23 per cent. That was the
epoch of Nulhiication; 1t VIII be matter
of curiosity at the next census 10 see what
is the effect on the insrcase of population
of secession, resistance. and the other |" in
situations" of the State. OF the increase
of the past ten wears 5000 have been whites
and II 900 slaves: the free colored having
Increased only SO. Thus, while the ratio
of the whites has been only ; per cent, and
/ that of the free colored o. per cent, that OF
the slaN Is has been -, per cent. That's to
/ say. the free negroes increase twice as rap
idlv as the slaves and three times as rapidly
as the whites And this increase We pre-
sumo has been rather diminished than en-
larged by emigration. This indicates that
Oh the whole, the negroes are well supplied
with food. clothing and shelter, and well Ia
ken care OF. Their condition must have
improved considerably in the ten years
South-C arollna has one manufacturing eS-
,ablishment to each ijj persons, and one
farm under cultivation 10 each 2i persons.
How different from Vermont and Rhode
Island.
Arkansas. the newest and much the rudest
Of these four States, has total population
of aO7,s90. In 1910 it had 97,574, and IN
lson 20 2sS LIS increase in the last de-