New-York daily tribune., 1851-08-27

II Is estimated that three times aS Innch "dtel ~
the Mediterranean receives from us rivers, i eFi =
GRATED from IT, This may be an oyef.es'iaIs ni.
the fact made obvious by me current "n4on nc
Atlantic sends IN through the Straits oi EIDiaitH'
that the evaporation from IT IS IN excess OF the e
clpltstIon and that the olference Whelher II De
much or Little IS carried OF TO modify climate else
where TO refresh with showers, and MAKE fruitful,
some other parts Of the eaTth
The great inland basin OF ASA IN which are Aral
anc the asuan seas Is situated or the route which
| make these thirsty winds from : = trade wind
Africa and America 20 take, and So sca1t OF vapOT
are these winds when they arrlye N tins oasln, that
they have no moisture 10 leave behind. Just as
much as they pour down, they take Up again and
carry of Tie level OF the Caspian Sea Is a. per
fnancut as that Of the whole Ocean. We know that
the volume OF water returned by the winds, the
rams and the deWs INTO the whole Ocean, i exact
ly ecual 70 The yOlumn which those give back
TO The atmosphere for as far as our knowledge eI-
TENDS the level Of each Of these teo seas IS as per-
manent as that Of the great Ocean itself.
These winds. therefore, do not begin permanent
ly to lay down Their load Of moisture, De u great
or small, until they cross the Oura Mountains
On the Steppes of sSm, We find them first beginning
70 Law down than they take mp again, after they
have supplied the Amazon and the other great EQua-
torial rivers OF the South
In the OBJ the Yenesl and the Lena. IS 70 be found
the voiumn which contains the expression for the
load Of water which these winds have brought from
the Southern hemisphere, the Mediterranean andthe
Red sea For IN these almost hyperborean rlver ba-
SINS 90 find the first instance in winch, through
out the entire range assigned these winds they have
after supplying the Amazon. &C. lei; more water be
hind them than they have taken up again ana carried
off
The low temperatures Of Siberian ASIA quite
sufficient to extract from these WINDS the remnants
of vapor which the cool mountain tops ana mighty
MYERS Of the Southern hemisphere have LEFT IN them
Hcre ma. be permitted to pause, that may can
attentien 10 the remarkable concdence, and admire
the marks OF design, the beautiful and exquisite ad
justments that We see here provided, 10 ensure the
perfect workings of the Great Atmosphercal Ma
chine.
The coincidence is between the ehygrOmetrlcalcon-
dtonS Of III The countries within, and the hygromet-
neal conditions OF all the countries without the
range included within the lines which have dTaWn
to represent the route IN this hemisphere OF the ; r.
trade winds. which have blown then course over the
land in South Africa and America.
Both 10 the right and the left OF tins range, are
countries included between the same parallels In
which II is--yet, these countries all receive more
water from Tie atmosphere than they give back TO 1t
again. They all have rivers running INTO the sea
On The one hand, there IS In Europe, the Kline Ihe
Elbe and all the great rivers tnat empty INTO The A.
lan'ic On the other hand, there are III ASIA, the
GangCS and al the great rivers OF China, ana IN
North America in the latitude OF the Caspian sea
Is our great system Of fresh water lakes. Al OF
these receive from the atmosphere immense volumes
Of water and pour II INTO the sea IN streams The
most magnificent
II is remarkable that none Of these copously sup
ulied have, to the ) w OF them, IN the
trade wind regions OF the Southern Hemisphere any
considerable body OF land. They are. all OF them
under the lee of evapOrang surfaces OF ocean waters
III the trao wind region OF the South.
Only those countries IN the extra tropical North.
which / have described as lying under the Ice Oi
trade WInC south America ana Alrlcd, are -caiIuiY
supplied with ram.
1he surface of the Caspian Sea is about equal 10
that Of our lakes in It evaporation As uSt equal to
The preclptaiiOn. Our lakes are between the same
parallelS and about the same distance from the
Western Coast of America that the Caspian Is rom
the Western Coast of Europe and vet the waters
discharged by the It. Lawrence give Ms an ldea oi
1 in excess of p.aDDflt.On
| here with Us.
To windward Of the lakes. and in the tfade-wnd
| regiors OF the Southern Hemisphere, IS no land.
Therefore. supposng that such. as mantdln, Is the
course OF the yapoTdlstrbuiing winds. ought they not
TO carry more water from the ocean 10 tie lakes than
from tie land from the interior of South Africa and
| America TO the Caspian
! In hike manner. extra-trOplcal New-llolland am
/ South-Alnca have each land-not wa'cr-lo the
/ wlndwaTd OF them IN the trade wind regions OF the
! northern hemisphere when the varOr for their rams
/ ought 10 be taken up. They are bolh countries o'
/ little ram. But eXtra-trOplcal south America has
/ in the trade wind region TO windWard of II III the
northern hemisphere, a great extent OF ocean an1
/ the amount of precipitation IN eHtra-Toplcdi South
/ America rs wonderful
The coincidence therefore, is remarkable. that
the countries IN the extra-iIopca' regions OF thiA
hemisphere, which lie to the n t. OF large oiS'flct-
of land H. the trade wind regions OF the other menus.
| phere, should be scantlly supplied With rams AM
likewise those SO situated IN the exratroplca
South with regard to land IN the trade wind region
of the North.
Having thus sremarked upon the coincidence, let Us
turn 10 n T. eve curcs of design and contemplate the
beautiful haimcry displayed IN the arrangement o
the land and water, As We lind them along thus con
! iectural '' md road
Those WHO admit design among terrestrial adapta
/ lions or have studied the economy Of cosmlcal aT
: ranc,nCrfs. viii not be Oath 10 grant tha the Al
/ mospheIc keeps IN circulation a certain amount o
moi>lure-'hai the waters OF which tins moisture d
made are supplied by the aqueous surface OF The
earth, and IctuIn TO the seas again through ryer
and the pi ocesS Ci precipitation thai a permanent
increase or decrease of the quantity OF water thus
put ANA : opt IN circulation by the winds, would be
iOllONc1 bN "a corresponding change OF hNgrometn
cal couCltCnS which would draw after 1t permanent
chances a. climate. Permanent changes Of climate
would llXONe The ultimate wcllbeng of myfiadS o
organisms, oothn tue vegetable ana animal KING
domS.
The quantity Of moisture that he atmosphere
keeps in cigCu'aiO on, Is 10 doubt ln>t that quantity
which Is De Il suited 10 the weil-bens and for the
proper development OF the vegetable and animal
mldOmS and that quantity Is dependent upon the
sirancen eat thai We IN nature between the land
and tie water, between mountain aad DESERT river
and sea. Id the seas anC eyapordting surfaces were
ChaI god. auo removed from &c places 'hey occupy
to OAtr places, the places OF pre- p;at on proOa)
would a be- changed whole families o. plants
would vlihtr and Cle for The WANT OF cloud and sun
shine. drN and wet IN proper proportions. Ani, tn
the blight Of plants, whole tribes Oi ANIMALS would
also perish and under such chance arrangement.
man would no longer be able 10 RELY upon the early
ano the latter ram, or 10 count With certainly upon
rams oong sent III due season for Seea-tme and
harvest And that the ram viii be sent IN due sea
son. We are assured ana when we recollect VINO II
Is that "Sendeih' II, We ieel the conviction strong
I within Us. that He that Sende,h tire ram has The
winds Tor hlS messengers and that they may do hl>
bidd ne hc land and the sea were arrau-c both aS
TO position and proportion, where they are, and a.
/ they
/ 1t should Re borne IN mind that the ). + trade
winds. after ihey rise up al the Equator, have 10
oytTloJp thc \. l.. trade winds consequently they
do noi touch the earth until near tire lropic OF Can
cer-moIe frequently 10 the north than 10 the south
OF II But Tor part Of every year, the place where
these vauiilng :. f.. trades hrSt strike the earth.
after leaving the other hemisphere, Is very near
tiIs nope On the Equatorial side OF II, be II
mtUbercd, the y. l.. trade winds blow on the
Polar side. what was the ). l.. trades, and what Is
TOW the prevailing south-we>tery winds OF our
hCui' ph6re. prevail
? Now take map of the Eastern Hemisphere and
viii be that the upper half OF the Red Sea