The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, 1851-09-20


nat it is the example Of America which has wrought the
change, and restored agriculture to It's original rank
among the most honorable occupations Of 1t is now
profession calling to its aid sciencs and the mechanic
arts and In its every branch, the inventive genius OF
The farmer, instead Of merely following the beaten
track Of his ancestor brings to his pursuit his own
Powers Of inquiry and investigation Chemistry teaches
him the nature and quality of the ingredients composing
His SOIL the species Of crop most suitable to its produce
tive power and the kinds Of he must use and
the proportion Of he keep make his farm
productive As he acquires knowledge Of CHI emistry,
Of agricultural geology and Of the physiology Of plants
and animals his crops become certain and his re-
ward NOR Armed with knowledge, the fertility OF
mans mind has discovered remedies for the steriity OF
sells and found means Of guarding the fruits OF his labor
against the vcssituies OF climate This Is not all
The American farmer possesses the means OF multiply
ing labor and thereby its reward by the most ingenious
and effective machinery
Great as the ratio Of farming pop uation may be-
compared that engaged in other pursuits it bears
yet proportion 70 the quantity uncutivatsd lands
We have soil than people to render it productive;
while the very opposite ratio exists in the old world
manual labor is expensive and procured with difficulty
machines naturally called in TO take its place without
dsrimen to the laborer The machine does not deprive
him Of employment it merely performs that labor for
which he has no time TO spare and without which his
cultivation would he confined to narrower limits. No
country can award higher premium to the inventive
genius Of msehnists than Own; boast Of
greater number Of inventions applicable to agriculture
and the mechanic arts Our agricultural 1ines,
peciay, have excited the acmraton OF the world; and
along with our substantial achievements IN that depart
ment 81 INDUSTRY 1t perhaps not unpleasant 70 nave
extcrtd the testimouy of England late occasion TO
the ingenuity display ed by American inventors
The growth OF our country marked ~ the ADVANCE
mtnt Of agriculture. Agriculture "a setting our new
States territories; agriculture gives employment to
our workshops agriculture furnishes Tue pEolucts
which the basis Of foreign and domestic com
mere agriculture. by supplying the bulky articles Of
exports employ the tonnage OF our snip builders
seeking the markets for its increased products
css for the construction Of railroads and canals The
farms Of Western New York demanded the construction
the Erie Canal and the farms Of the Western states
calls for its enlargement. As the wes:etn states
and territories become settled and agricultural pro-
ducts accumulate, railroads and canals become ne
eessary to furnish means Of transportation TO the
seaboard The West is DESTROYS OF securing every
avenue 70 the II requires the navigation Of the
Mississippi and Of the - Lawrence, the canals
of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana and
Illinois and all the railroads constructed in pro-
Of construction from the to the Mississippi
form adequate outlets tor the constantly
products Of the Western farmers New lines Of commu
nicaton will be called into existence and it ia extremely
doubtful whether the capital and enterprise OF the
country will be able TO keep pace with the Increased de-
names for internal improvements.
Thus agriculture stimulates every species Of Industry
and Ia the parent and supporter Of them ALL WHAT
would ask would be the present condition OF our foreign
commerce had il not been stimulated by the iocre sed
productions Of agriculture What the condition OF
mercantile navy, in steamers and sailing ships already
outstrlpprg that the maritime nation OF the
globe, 1t is the bulky products Of agriculture that
up freigbt and furnish the principal! portion CT our
foreign exchanges
And it is fortunate for Us, and for the preservation Of
our liberal institutions, that agriculture enters largely
into the political economy Of our country.
As new pursued 1t DEVELOPS the mind and the body,
and preserves both the health and morals Of people
As long 30 large portion Of our voters are engaged in
agricultural pursuits We need spprehend no danger TO
republican insiitulions-no perniSous influence Of
foreign nations the steady Development Of wealth
and power. Productg all the nec-ssaries Of life Ia be-
yono wants. and importing for the most part
only the u1uries are, whenever choose inispsn
dent Of the rest If the world while other nations pro-
ducng the life not in sufficient quaati
ties TO feed their own population and depending
tn. sale OF their luxuries for supply this
deficiency, will have not wantonIy TO inter-
rupt peaceful relations with them. Eagsanl
her last man down the continental system of
Europe, will not easily be tempted 20 build up similar
system in America aud II is not to b. supposed that
Great Britain wisely aistains As long As the great body
Of populations composed Of owners and cutvstor
Of the soil sbaL true 20 republican d.
stincts We net sceed in The pro1ction OF
luxury for the eDjoymsn. and qualification Of man but
will produce a. the cheapest rate aud IN the greatest
abundance those things which contribute most 10 the
comfort happiness and peace no. only Of our own peo-
pie, bat Of the lsborng CLASSES OF al other countries
We able 10 furnish the whole world witt the
cheapest and beet ocd aud vh the cheapest and best
rsns Mt. We furnsh grain provisions, Gn1 cotton
three staple articles Of eommercen guam, tile
and Of better qualities than other nation ani tbs
time l. not far distant when viii be able also TO Fsgu
late their prices WHAT boundless aeld then Is open
ed TO our agricultural industry What ample reHtTi 70
-
stsper even without the acc uon Of California. stitch
secures to toe control Of the precious nisGas)
nnss have given Us the control Of the eomnetce
the world But pendent of these international
siGer.tons thsr. l. yet another which will naturally
susg.s, its.i 70 nnds Our agricultural ps1ilcts
rr-at difference. Of soil and climate. vSss 4
s 70 furnish abundant exchanges for the domestic
trade bstwesn the different states Of the Uaion. fhey
furrst 10 then selves the materials Of very extensive
ntsrnsi eeousrce employ 20 large extent our e5s't'
leg tcnnage aud secure constant employment 70 cur
and railroads
Planting aud farming are the mutual allies os each
notwithstanding the many prrjudices whish, in this
tpect be entertained in various sections OF the c51n
try They takea narrow view Of political economy Who can
but rival Interests growing out Of the different proiuc
tons Of the fame coun'ryi and they are worse tdan
bigotsd Who In consequeDce Of IT, indulge In unForthy
ssiousss hostile sentiments towards brethren 81 tue
same family You cannot by legitimate means benefit
any ore branch Of industry q country without
case before interest d. sndeut the other
when he producer Ct the article is the best and
TO that the prosperity Of the works the
of the ether But not my purpose on the PRESENT
occasion further 70 ui sue this train q thought Ny
object make proseytes for particular theory
but simply to show Cd. necessary connection and In
innate r.latonshp q all the branches q the sane
rp,ces Of industry and th"ir harmonious cooperation
in promoting the wealth happiness, and power 81
go ~ ~ -.t,, e.. =" ~ -, .,,,~,s-
cial desideratum q the different nations q Europe,
exists ready By the simple operation q our isderal
and the products q the different states q Europe uc
sss varied than those Of the different geographical
divisions q country The domestic ex
changes q every country naturally constitute the
graf bulk Of i,s entire commerce but in none-par
haps not even ia Cbiua-is 80 large prton ~ them
furnished exclusively By the products Il The SOIL ~ in
have N ~ far briefly ref rrd 70 agriculture Ia con
nscuob with other branches Of Industry but propose
toGoa ser further and consider BY themselves some Of
The principal agricultural tducs which enter largely
into tho political economy q this country Do this for
the purpose u showing not only hON each particular
branch Of agriculture may Ia turn aid building the
commercia and maritime importance 81 natiou. but
ALEC hos species - agricultural niu ry fnay
90 the assistance Of another with which u
Necessary connection Aud msy also b. able to
SHOW frt examples furnitbed W history that
products seemingly competing with each other IN the
markets. may yet have tendency % create in
demands all q them. With IN. theores and
spsculafops Of itieal economists lave dp sitiou
70 NEEDLE before this audience shall content myself
with presenting facts having you to make the ap2ca-